# translation

lexentry: eng/Panzerfaust__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Panzerfaust
trans_list: Panzerfaust
sense:
A light, single-shot anti-tank grenade launcher developed in Germany in the latter stages of the Second World War.


lexentry: eng/Pap_smear__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pap smear
trans_list: frottis
sense:
(gynaecology) A screening test meant to detect pre-cancerous and cancerous cells by taking a sample (‘smear’) of cells from the cervix.


lexentry: eng/Pap_test__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pap test
trans_list: test de Papanicolaou
sense:
(gynaecology) A screening test to detect pre-cancerous and cancerous cells by taking a sample ('smear') of cells from the cervix.


lexentry: eng/Papal_States__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Papal States
trans_list: États pontificaux
sense:
(historical) A country in southern Europe that existed until 1870, comprising the territories of Italy (and some enclaves in France) over which the pope was the ruler in a civil as well as a spiritual sense.


lexentry: eng/Paphlagonia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Paphlagonia
trans_list: Paphlagonie
sense:
(historical) A historical region in northern Asia Minor in modern Turkey, on the shore of the Black Sea, between Bithynia and Pontus.


lexentry: eng/Papua_New_Guinea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Papua New Guinea
trans_list: Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée
sense:
A country in Oceania. Official name: Independent State of Papua New Guinea. Capital and largest city: Port Moresby.


lexentry: eng/Papua__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Papua
trans_list: Papouasie
sense:
The southern part of what is now called Papua New Guinea, formerly administered as a separate territory to New Guinea.


lexentry: eng/Paracel_Islands__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Paracel Islands
trans_list: Paracel
sense:
A group of South China Sea islands administered under Sansha, Hainan, China, as Xisha (claimed by Taiwan (ROC) and Vietnam).


lexentry: eng/Paracelsus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Paracelsus
trans_list: Paracelse
sense:
The adopted name of Philippus von Hohenheim, a Swiss thinker of the 16th century known for his pioneering scientific work and his research into the occult and alchemy.


lexentry: eng/Paraclete__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Paraclete
trans_list: Paraclet
sense:
(Christianity) The Holy Spirit, the Holy Ghost, especially in its role as comforter of the faithful.


lexentry: eng/Paraguay__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Paraguay
trans_list: Paraguay
sense:
A country in South America. Official name: Republic of Paraguay. Capital and largest city: Asunción.


lexentry: eng/Paralympic_Games__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Paralympic Games
trans_list: Jeux paralympiques
sense:
An international sports competition participated in by sportspeople with physical disabilities, which is held every four years as a counterpart of the Olympic Games and nowadays at the same venue.


lexentry: eng/Paralympics__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Paralympics
trans_list: Paralympiques
sense:
(sports) Synonym of Paralympic Games (“an international sports competition participated in by sportspeople with physical disabilities, which is held every four years as a counterpart of the Olympic Games and nowadays at the same venue”).


lexentry: eng/Paris_of_the_East__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Paris of the East
trans_list: Paris de l'Orient
sense:
(obsolete) Former nickname for Lahore: a major city in modern Pakistan; in use during the time of the British Raj.


lexentry: eng/Paris_syndrome__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Paris syndrome
trans_list: syndrome de Paris
sense:
An alleged transient psychological disorder encountered by some people visiting or vacationing in Paris, France, resulting from shock at their discovery that Paris is not what they had expected it to be.


lexentry: eng/Parkinson's_disease__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Parkinson's disease
trans_list: maladie de Parkinson
sense:
(neurology, disease) A chronic neurological disorder affecting movement, characterized by tremor, slowness of movement (bradykinesia), cogwheel or lead-pipe rigidity, and postural instability.


lexentry: eng/Parmenides__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Parmenides
trans_list: Parménide
sense:
An Ancient Greek philosopher born in Elea, in southern Italy. Founder of the Eleatic school of philosophy.


lexentry: eng/Parramatta__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Parramatta
trans_list: Rivière Parramatta
sense:
A river in Sydney, New South Wales, flowing through the suburb and into Sydney Harbour; in full, the Parramatta River.


lexentry: eng/Parthenon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Parthenon
trans_list: Parthénon
sense:
An ancient temple to Athena and monument in the city of Athens. It is a symbol of Greek achievement in the arts and of Athenian democracy.


lexentry: eng/Parthia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Parthia
trans_list: Parthie
sense:
(historical) A former empire in Central Asia and West Asia, ruled by dynasts from Parthia; the Parthian Empire; the Arsacid Empire.


lexentry: eng/Parthian_Empire__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Parthian Empire
trans_list: Empire parthe
sense:
(historical) An ancient empire of West Asia founded as a kingdom by Arsaces I with his 3rd-century-BCE conquest of Parthia (only recently a satrapy of the Seleucid Empire) and subsequently greatly expanded by Mithridates I.


lexentry: eng/Parti_Quebecois__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Parti Quebecois
trans_list: Parti Québécois
sense:
(Canadian politics) A provincial political party in Quebec, Canada, with the central goal of some form of political independence or sovereignty for Quebec.


lexentry: eng/Pascal's_triangle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pascal's triangle
trans_list: triangle de Pascal
sense:
(mathematics) A geometric representation of the binomial coefficients in a triangle, each entry being the sum of the two entries above.


lexentry: eng/Pascal's_wager__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pascal's wager
trans_list: pari de Pascal
sense:
(religion) An argument for theism (and specifically Christianity, according to the writer) maintaining that belief in the divine ensures happiness in this life and offers the possibility of eternal happiness (should God or divine beings exist), whereas atheism, even if it brings happiness in this life, offers no hope of eternal happiness and carries the risk of eternal damnation.


lexentry: eng/Paschal_Lamb__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Paschal Lamb
trans_list: agneau pascal
sense:
(heraldiccharge) A lamb depicted with nimbus and bearing a flag (usually St. George's cross: argent a cross gules).


lexentry: eng/Paschal_Triduum__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Paschal Triduum
trans_list: Triduum pascal
sense:
(Roman Catholicism) A period of three days that begins with the liturgy on the evening of Maundy Thursday.


lexentry: eng/Pashto__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pashto
trans_list: pachto | pashto
sense:
The native Indo-Iranian language of the Pashtun people; an official language of Afghanistan and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.


lexentry: eng/Passau__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Passau
trans_list: Passau
sense:
An independent town in the Lower Bavaria region, Bavaria, Germany, on the confluence of Inn and Ilz into Danube.


lexentry: eng/Passover__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Passover
trans_list: Pâque | Pessah
sense:
The one-day Biblical feast or festival (not a holy day) that begins at twilight at the beginning of the fourteenth day of the first month (Abib 14 / Nisan 14), during which the first-born sons of the Israelites were passed over while those of the Egyptians were killed; this feast day is then immediately followed by the seven-day Feast of Unleavened Bread (Nisan 15 to 21; the first and seventh days are holy days or annual or yearly Sabbaths).


lexentry: eng/Pastafarianism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pastafarianism
trans_list: pastafarisme
sense:
A parody religion centered around the Flying Spaghetti Monster, a creator deity who resembles spaghetti and meatballs.


lexentry: eng/Pasteur_pipette__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pasteur pipette
trans_list: pipette Pasteur
sense:
(chemistry) An item of laboratory equipment consisting of a simple pipette with a very long, fine nose and a rubber bulb, used to draw small amounts of liquid from a chemical liquid or solution. Often used to separate two phases in a small sample.


lexentry: eng/Patagonia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Patagonia
trans_list: Patagonie
sense:
A geographical region in southern South America, including the southern parts of Chile and Argentina.


lexentry: eng/Patras__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Patras
trans_list: Patrai
sense:
The third most populated Greek city (after Athens and Thessaloniki), the most populated city in the Peloponnese and the capital of Western Greece (administrative region of Greece).


lexentry: eng/Patriot__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Patriot
trans_list: Patriote
sense:
(Canada, historical) Synonym of Patriote (A devolution-of-power supporter in Lower Canada during the Canadian Rebellions of 1837-1838 (Patriots' War).)


lexentry: eng/Patriote__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Patriote
trans_list: Patriote
sense:
(Canada) Patriot (one of the devolution-of-power supporters in Lower Canada during the Canadian Rebellions of 1837-1838 (Patriots' War))


lexentry: eng/Pauli_exclusion_principle__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pauli exclusion principle
trans_list: principe d'exclusion de Pauli
sense:
(physics) A principle in quantum mechanics that states that no two identical fermions may occupy the same quantum state simultaneously.


lexentry: eng/Pavlovian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pavlovian
trans_list: pavlovien | pavlovienne
sense:
Of or relating to the theories of the Russian physiologist, psychologist, and physician Ivan Petrovich Pavlov, especially those related to behavioral conditioning.


lexentry: eng/Pavo__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pavo
trans_list: Paon
sense:
(constellation) A constellation of the southern sky, said to resemble a peacock. It lies between the constellations Telescopium and Octans.


lexentry: eng/Pax_Americana__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pax Americana
trans_list: paix américaine | pax americana
sense:
The period of relative peace in the Western world since the end of World War II in 1945, coinciding with the military and economic dominance of the United States.


lexentry: eng/Pecos__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pecos
trans_list: Pecos
sense:
(with the definite article) A river which flows through Texas and New Mexico, a tributary of the Rio Grande.


lexentry: eng/Pegasus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pegasus
trans_list: Pégase
sense:
(Greek mythology) A winged horse fabled to have sprung from the blood of Medusa when she was slain. He is noted for causing, with a blow of his hoof, Hippocrene, the inspiring fountain of the Muses, to spring from Mount Helicon. Bellerophon tamed and rode upon Pegasus when he defeated the Chimaera.


lexentry: eng/Pegasus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pegasus
trans_list: Pégase
sense:
(constellation) A constellation of the northern sky, near the vernal equinoctial point, representing the winged horse. Its three brightest stars, with the brightest star of Andromeda, form the asterism of the Great Square of Pegasus.


lexentry: eng/Peking_opera__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Peking opera
trans_list: opéra de Beijing | opéra de Pékin
sense:
(music genre) A form of traditional Chinese theatre which combines music, vocal performance, mime, dance and acrobatics.


lexentry: eng/Pelagianism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pelagianism
trans_list: pélagianisme
sense:
(Christianity) A Christian belief that denies the view of original sin and the necessity of grace, asserting that man is capable of achieving salvation by his own efforts.


lexentry: eng/Pelion__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pelion
trans_list: Pélion
sense:
A mountain in Thessaly, northern Greece, forming a peninsula between the Pagasetic Gulf and the Aegean Sea.


lexentry: eng/Peloponnese__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Peloponnese
trans_list: Péloponnèse
sense:
A peninsula in Greece, separated from mainland Europe by the Gulf of Corinth and connected to it by the Isthmus of Corinth.


lexentry: eng/Pennsylvania_Dutch__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Pennsylvania Dutch
trans_list: allemand pennsylvanien
sense:
(uncountable) Their language, Pennsylvania German, a High German language descended from Palatine German.


lexentry: eng/Pennsylvanian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Pennsylvanian
trans_list: pennsylvanien
sense:
(geology) Of any of the three geologic epochs (lower, middle and upper) within the Carboniferous period from 318 to 299 million years ago; marked by a high oxygen atmosphere and the rise of reptiles and winged insects.


lexentry: eng/Pentecost__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Pentecost
trans_list: Pentecôte
sense:
A festival which falls on the seventh Sunday after Easter which commemorates the event described in Acts 2 of the Bible when the Holy Spirit descended upon the Apostles during the Jewish festival of Pentecost (sense 1), conferring on them the miraculous ability to explain the gospel in languages they did not know; also, the Sunday on which the festival is celebrated.


lexentry: eng/Pentecostalism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pentecostalism
trans_list: pentecôtisme
sense:
(Christianity) A religious movement that emphasizes the Holy Spirit and is known for speaking in tongues. [20th c.]


lexentry: eng/Pentelic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pentelic
trans_list: pentélique
sense:
Of or relating to Mount Pentelicus (Penteliko Mountain), near Athens, famous for its fine white marble quarries.


lexentry: eng/People's_Liberation_Army__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: People's Liberation Army
trans_list: Armée populaire de libération
sense:
(military) People's Liberation Army Ground Force, the army branch of the military arm of the People's Republic of China.


lexentry: eng/Perfidious_Albion__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Perfidious Albion
trans_list: perfide Albion
sense:
(poetic, or, international relations, derogatory) The United Kingdom, seen as a country that is manipulative, deceptive, or treacherous on the international stage.


lexentry: eng/Periclean__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Periclean
trans_list: péricléen
sense:
Of or relating to Pericles, an Ancient Greek politician, or to the golden age of art and literature in Athens.


lexentry: eng/Perioikoi__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Perioikoi
trans_list: périèques
sense:
The ancient inhabitants of Laconia who were free residents of the mountains and the beaches of Laconia.


lexentry: eng/Peronism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Peronism
trans_list: péronisme
sense:
(politics) The eclectic political ideology attributed to the former Argentine leaders Juan Perón and Eva Duarte de Perón, combining populism, nationalism and state intervention, but originally chiefly centred on their personalities.


lexentry: eng/Perpignan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Perpignan
trans_list: Perpignan
sense:
A city, the capital of Pyrénées-Orientales department, Occitania, France, formerly in Languedoc-Roussillon.


lexentry: eng/Perseid__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Perseid
trans_list: Perséide
sense:
(astronomy) Any of the meteors in a meteor shower that appears to come from the constellation Perseus.


lexentry: eng/Persephone__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Persephone
trans_list: Perséphone
sense:
(Greek god) A minor deity, the queen of the Underworld/Hades, and goddess of the seasons and vegetation. Originally named Kore/Core, she is the daughter of Zeus and Demeter; and the wife of Hades. Her Roman counterpart is Proserpina.


lexentry: eng/Perseus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Perseus
trans_list: Persée
sense:
(Greek mythology) The mythological Greek warrior who slew the Gorgon Medusa by decapitating her. He married Andromeda after rescuing her from Ceto and founded Mycenae. He was the son of Zeus and Danae.


lexentry: eng/Perseus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Perseus
trans_list: Persée
sense:
(constellation) An autumn constellation of the northern sky, said to resemble the mythical hero. It includes the stars Algenib, Algol, and Mirfak.


lexentry: eng/Persia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Persia
trans_list: Perse
sense:
Persia proper (Persis), the land of the ancient Persians, corresponding to modern-day Fars province in southwestern Iran.


lexentry: eng/Peter_Pan_syndrome__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Peter Pan syndrome
trans_list: syndrome de Peter Pan
sense:
(idiomatic) The supposed psychological phenomenon of immaturity among some men, who, like the fictional character, remain childish or childlike and fail to assume appropriate adult social roles and responsibilities.


lexentry: eng/Peter__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Peter
trans_list: Pierre | P
sense:
(biblical) The epistles of Peter in the New Testament of the Bible, 1 Peter and 2 Peter attributed to St. Peter.


lexentry: eng/Peter_principle__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Peter principle
trans_list: principe de Peter
sense:
(management) The theory that people in an organization tend to rise (be promoted) to the level of their incompetence.


lexentry: eng/Petrarchan_sonnet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Petrarchan sonnet
trans_list: sonnet italien | sonnet pétrarquien | sonnet pétrarquiste
sense:
(poetry) A sonnet comprising an octave and a closing sestet, following the rhyme scheme of either abba abba cde cde or abba abba cd cd cd or abba abba cce dde or abba abba cdd cee.


lexentry: eng/Petrograd__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Petrograd
trans_list: Pétrograd
sense:
A region of Saint Petersburg city, Saint Petersburg, Northwest Russia district, European Russia, Russia.


lexentry: eng/Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky
trans_list: Petropavlovsk-Kamtchatski
sense:
A city in the far East of Russia, administrative centre of Kamchatka kray, also called Petropavlovsk


lexentry: eng/Pharisee__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pharisee
trans_list: pharisien
sense:
(historical) A member of an ancient Jewish political party, a social movement, and a school of thought among Jews that flourished during the Second Temple Era (536 B.C.E.–70 C.E.). The movement was ultimately the basis for most contemporary forms of Judaism.


lexentry: eng/Phaëthon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Phaëthon
trans_list: Phaéthon | Phaéton
sense:
(Greek mythology) The son of the sun god Helios who was killed by Zeus while driving his father's chariot uncontrolledly across the sky.


lexentry: eng/Pherecratean__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pherecratean
trans_list: phérécratien
sense:
(Ancient Greek and Latin, _, prosody, of a logaoedic metre or verse) Consisting of three prosodic feet, normally a spondee, dactyl, and spondee (or trochee), but admitting of some variations.


lexentry: eng/Pherecrates__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pherecrates
trans_list: Phérécrate | Phérékratès
sense:
A celebrated Athenian poet of the Old Comedy, living in the fifth century BCE (born after Crates and Cratinus but before Aristophanes, Eupolis, and Plato Comicus – so between c. 519 and c. 446 BCE), victorious at least thrice at the City Dionysia and the Lenaia in the 440s–430s, and inventor of the Pherecratean metre.


lexentry: eng/Philemon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Philemon
trans_list: Philémon | Épître à Philémon
sense:
The eighteenth book of the New Testament of the Bible, the epistle of Saint Paul to a fellow Christian called Philemon.


lexentry: eng/Philippians__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Philippians
trans_list: Philippiens
sense:
(biblical) The eleventh book of the New Testament of the Bible, the epistle of St Paul to the Philippians.


lexentry: eng/Philippine_eagle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Philippine eagle
trans_list: aigle des singes
sense:
Pithecophaga jefferyi, a species of eagle endemic to forests in the Philippines that has brown and white-coloured plumage, and a shaggy crest.


lexentry: eng/Philistia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Philistia
trans_list: Philistie
sense:
(historical) An ancient pentapolis in south-western Levant, comprising Ashkelon, Ashdod, Ekron, Gath, and Gaza.


lexentry: eng/Philistine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Philistine
trans_list: Philistin | Philistine
sense:
(historical) A non-Semitic person from ancient Philistia, a region in the southwest Levant in the Middle East.


lexentry: eng/Phocaea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Phocaea
trans_list: Phocée
sense:
(Ancient Greece) An ancient Ionian Greek city on the western coast of Anatolia, now located in İzmir Province, Turkey; modern Foça.


lexentry: eng/Phoenicia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Phoenicia
trans_list: Phénicie
sense:
The land of city states of the Phoenicians which around 1000 BC was situated on the coast of present day Syria and Lebanon, and included the cities of Tyre and Sidon.


lexentry: eng/Phoney_War__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Phoney War
trans_list: drôle de guerre
sense:
(historical) During World War II, the period of limited military activity from the outbreak of hostilities on September 3rd, 1939 until Germany's attack on the Low Countries on May 10th, 1940.


lexentry: eng/Phosphorus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Phosphorus
trans_list: Vénus
sense:
An Ancient Greek name for the morning star (the planet Venus when it is visible in the eastern sky before sunrise).


lexentry: eng/Phrixus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Phrixus
trans_list: Phryxus
sense:
(Greek mythology) Son of Athamas and brother of Helle, with whom he fled to Colchis on a golden winged ram.


lexentry: eng/Phrygia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Phrygia
trans_list: Phrygie
sense:
(historical) A geographic region and ancient kingdom in the west central part of Asia Minor, in what is now modern-day Turkey.


lexentry: eng/Phrygian_cap__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Phrygian cap
trans_list: bonnet phrygien
sense:
(Ancient Greece, Ancient Rome) A soft, close-fitting conical cap with the top bent forward, represented in Greek and Roman art as worn by ancient Phrygians, and later associated with the Roman liberty cap.


lexentry: eng/Piagetian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Piagetian
trans_list: piagétien
sense:
Of or relating to Jean Piaget (1896–1980), Swiss developmental psychologist and philosopher known for his cognitive studies with children.


lexentry: eng/Piarist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Piarist
trans_list: piariste
sense:
A member of the Order of Poor Clerics Regular of the Mother of God of the Pious Schools, a Catholic educational order founded in the sixteenth century.


lexentry: eng/Picard__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Picard
trans_list: picard
sense:
Of, from or relating to Picardy, a cultural region part of the administrative region of Hauts-de-France, France.


lexentry: eng/Picard__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Picard
trans_list: Picard
sense:
A native or inhabitant of Picardy, a cultural region part of the administrative region of Hauts-de-France, France.


lexentry: eng/Picard__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Picard
trans_list: Picard
sense:
(historical) A member of an Adamite sect of the sixteenth century and earlier, in the Flemish Netherlands and in Bohemia.


lexentry: eng/Picardy__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Picardy
trans_list: Picardie
sense:
A former administrative region and historical province of France; since 2016, part of the administrative region of Hauts-de-France region.


lexentry: eng/Pictor__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pictor
trans_list: Peintre
sense:
(constellation) A summer constellation of the southern sky, said to resemble an easel. It lies between the constellations Carina and Dorado.


lexentry: eng/Pied_Piper__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pied Piper
trans_list: Joueur de flûte de Hamelin
sense:
A folk tale or legend, dating back to the Middle Ages, about a ratcatcher in variegated attire, hired by the German town of Hamelin, who is not paid for his services and retaliates by luring away the local children by playing a flute.


lexentry: eng/Pierrot__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pierrot
trans_list: Pierrot
sense:
A character from French pantomime; a buffoon in a loose white outfit; a popular choice for a masquerade costume.


lexentry: eng/Pijin__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pijin
trans_list: Pijin
sense:
In full Solomon Islands Pijin, Solomon Pijin, or Solomons Pijin: a language spoken on the Solomon Islands, which is a form of Melanesian Pidgin.


lexentry: eng/Pikachu__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pikachu
trans_list: Pikachu
sense:
(video games, anime, manga) A small yellow rodent-like Pokémon that has red cheeks and a tail shaped like a lightning bolt, and has electricity-related powers.


lexentry: eng/Pilate__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pilate
trans_list: Pilate
sense:
(biblical character) Pontius Pilate, the man who, according to the Bible, ordered the crucifixion of Jesus.


lexentry: eng/Pillars_of_Hercules__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pillars of Hercules
trans_list: Colonnes d'Hercule
sense:
(historical) The two promontories at the Strait of Gibraltar, and thus the western limit of the Mediterranean world.


lexentry: eng/Piltdown_Man__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Piltdown Man
trans_list: homme de Piltdown
sense:
(taxonomy) A supposed early human theorized from bone fragments said to have been found in a gravel pit in Piltdown, England, in 1912, but later identified as a forgery.


lexentry: eng/Pinocchio__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pinocchio
trans_list: Pinocchio
sense:
The fictional boy made from wood whose nose gets longer with each lie he tells, protagonist of the story The Adventures of Pinocchio (1881–1883) by Carlo Collodi.


lexentry: eng/Pinochet__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pinochet
trans_list: Pinochet
sense:
A surname from French; especially when referring to Augusto Pinochet, Chilean general and military dictator.


lexentry: eng/Pinyin__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pinyin
trans_list: pinyin
sense:
A system of romanization for Standard Mandarin, used in the People’s Republic of China, and more recently in other Mandarin Chinese-speaking areas as well. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/Pippi_Longstocking__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pippi Longstocking
trans_list: Fifi Brindacier
sense:
A person, especially a girl or woman, with long or flamboyant red hair, especially in pigtails or parted down the middle, and prominent freckles.


lexentry: eng/Piraeus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Piraeus
trans_list: Le Pirée
sense:
A municipality and port in Greece, part of Athens agglomeration, the chief port of Athens, located on the Saronic Gulf.


lexentry: eng/Pirahã__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pirahã
trans_list: pirahã
sense:
The language of this people, having no extant relatives, with few phonemes, and controversially claimed to have no true numbers, no way of talking about history, and no recursive embedding.


lexentry: eng/Pirandellian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pirandellian
trans_list: pirandellien
sense:
Of, pertaining to, or characteristic of the works of Luigi Pirandello (1867–1936), Italian dramatist and poet; especially describing drama in which actors become inseparable and indistinct from the characters that they play.


lexentry: eng/Pisces__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pisces
trans_list: Poissons
sense:
(zodiac constellations) The Fish, a Greco-Roman constellation of the zodiac named for its presumed resemblance to a pair of fish


lexentry: eng/Pisces__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Pisces
trans_list: Poissons
sense:
(astrology) The zodiac sign for the fish, supposed to be ruled by Neptune or Jupiter and to influence events occurring between February 20 and March 20 (tropical) or, less often, between March 15 and April 14 (sidereal).


lexentry: eng/Piscis_Austrinus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Piscis Austrinus
trans_list: Poisson austral
sense:
(constellation) An autumn constellation of the northern sky, said to resemble a fish. It contains the star Fomalhaut.


lexentry: eng/Plains_of_Abraham__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Plains of Abraham
trans_list: Plaines d'Abraham
sense:
A plain in Quebec city, Quebec, Canada; a riverside plain atop the escarpment at the edge of the Saint-Lawrence River


lexentry: eng/Plains_of_Abraham__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Plains of Abraham
trans_list: Bataille des [[Plaines d'Abraham]]
sense:
Ellipsis of Battle of the Plains of Abraham, an 1759 battle that resulted in the change in sovereignty of the colonial province of Canada, New France, from the French Crown to the British Crown; becoming the colonial province of Quebec, British North America (later the British colonial province of Canada, thence Dominion of Canada).


lexentry: eng/Planalto_slaty_antshrike__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Planalto slaty antshrike
trans_list: batara du Plano Alto
sense:
a passerine bird of the antbird family, Thamnophilus pelzelni (syn. Thamnophilus punctatus pelzelni)


lexentry: eng/Planck's_constant__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Planck's constant
trans_list: constante de Planck
sense:
(quantum mechanics) the constant of proportionality (symbol ℎ), relating the energy and frequency of a photon (6.626×10−34 joule-second); also related to the indeterminacy limit in the Heisenberg uncertainty principle; the quantum of action


lexentry: eng/Planet_X__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Planet X
trans_list: planète X
sense:
(astronomy) A hypothetical planet in the Solar system, beyond the currently known outermost planet. (The term was applied to Eris for a short while, when Pluto was still considered the ninth planet.)


lexentry: eng/Plastic_Paddy__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Plastic Paddy
trans_list: faux Irlandais
sense:
(pejorative, ethnic slur) An Irish person considered to be inauthentically Irish, especially (UK) recent Irish arrivals to London.


lexentry: eng/Platonic_solid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Platonic solid
trans_list: solide de Platon
sense:
(geometry) Any of five convex polyhedra with congruent regular polygonal faces, which have a high degree of symmetry and have been studied since antiquity.


lexentry: eng/Pleiades__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pleiades
trans_list: Pléiades
sense:
(Greek god) The "seven sisters", companions of Artemis and daughters of the Titan Atlas and the sea-nymph Pleione.


lexentry: eng/Pleiades__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Pleiades
trans_list: Pléiades
sense:
(astronomy) An open cluster of hot blue stars in the constellation Taurus, and the most easily visible such cluster from Earth.


lexentry: eng/Pleistocene__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pleistocene
trans_list: Pléistocène
sense:
(geology) Of a geologic epoch within the Quaternary period from about 2,588,000 to 11,700 years ago (earlier definition 1.7 million to 11,000 years ago); marked by the evolution of man, and the extinction of the large mammals.


lexentry: eng/Plutarch__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Plutarch
trans_list: Plutarque
sense:
The classical historian and essayist Lucius Mestrius Plutarchus (46-120 C.E.). Often used as a byword for a biographer, to suggest that the writer is especially skilled or has other attributes associated with Plutarch.


lexentry: eng/Pluto__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Pluto
trans_list: Pluton
sense:
(astronomy) The largest dwarf planet and formerly the ninth planet, represented by the symbol ♇ or ⯓, both now used mostly in astrology. [from 1930]


lexentry: eng/Plutonian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: Plutonian
trans_list: plutonien | plutonique
sense:
(by extension, geology, historical) Synonym of plutonic (“of, pertaining to, or supporting plutonism, the theory that the rocks of the Earth were formed in fire by volcanic activity, with a continuing gradual process of weathering and erosion, then deposited on the sea bed, re-formed into layers of sedimentary rock by heat and pressure, and raised again”).


lexentry: eng/Plutonic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Plutonic
trans_list: profond
sense:
(by extension, geology, mineralogy) Of or pertaining to rocks formed deep in the Earth's crust, rather than by volcanoes at the surface of the Earth.


lexentry: eng/Pluviôse__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pluviôse
trans_list: pluviôse
sense:
(historical) The fifth month of the French Republican Calendar, from January 20, 21 or 22 to February 18, 19 or 20.


lexentry: eng/Pnyx__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pnyx
trans_list: Pnyx
sense:
(Ancient Greece, historical) A hill in Athens west of the Acropolis with a stone platform and steps set into its side, which was used as the meeting place of the democratic assembly in Ancient Greece.


lexentry: eng/Poisson's_ratio__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Poisson's ratio
trans_list: coefficient de Poisson
sense:
Of a material in tension or compression, the ratio of the strain in the direction of the applied load to the strain normal to the load, abbreviated ν (nu).


lexentry: eng/Poitou-Charentes__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Poitou-Charentes
trans_list: Poitou-Charentes
sense:
A former administrative region of France; since 2016 part of the administrative region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine. Capital: Poitiers.


lexentry: eng/Poitou__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Poitou
trans_list: Poitou
sense:
A geographic region and former province of France, whose capital was Poitiers; now split between the administrative regions of Nouvelle-Aquitaine and Pays de la Loire.


lexentry: eng/Poland_syndrome__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Poland syndrome
trans_list: syndrome de Poland
sense:
A rare birth defect characterized by underdevelopment or absence of the pectoralis on one side of the body, and usually also webbing of the fingers of the hand on the same side.


lexentry: eng/Polari__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Polari
trans_list: polari
sense:
A cant used in the London fishmarkets, in the British theatre, and by the gay community in Britain, attested since at least the 19th century and popularised in the 1950s and 1960s by the camp characters Julian and Sandy in the popular BBC radio show Round the Horne.


lexentry: eng/Polaris__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Polaris
trans_list: Étoile polaire
sense:
(star) α Ursae Minoris, a trinary star in the constellation Ursa Minor located near the north celestial pole for the last 1500 years.


lexentry: eng/Polesia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Polesia
trans_list: Polésie
sense:
A forested swampland geographic region in Eastern Europe, located in eastern Poland, northern Ukraine and southern Belarus.


lexentry: eng/Polish_People's_Republic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Polish People's Republic
trans_list: République populaire de Pologne
sense:
(historical) Former official name of Poland: a country in Central Europe; used from 1952 to 1989 when it was a one-party, Marxist-Leninist state; officially known as the Republic of Poland from 1947 to 1952, but under the same form of government.


lexentry: eng/Polish_notation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Polish notation
trans_list: notation polonaise
sense:
(arithmetic, logic) A notation for arithmetic (and logical) formulae in which operations (respectively, quantifiers and operands) are written immediately before their operands, used to avoid the need for parentheses; for example, 3 * (4 + 7) is written as * 3 + 4 7 and A AND B is written as AND A B.


lexentry: eng/Polish_plait__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Polish plait
trans_list: plique polonaise
sense:
(now, possibly, offensive) A medical condition resulting from deficient hair care in which the uncombed hair becomes irreversibly entangled, forming a matted mass, which can become malodorous and encrusted or sticky.


lexentry: eng/Polish_studies__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Polish studies
trans_list: polonistique
sense:
(humanities) An academic discipline that includes the study of literatures written in the Polish language, Polish linguistics, and Polish sociolinguistics.


lexentry: eng/Polonize__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Polonize
trans_list: poloniser
sense:
(transitive) To make Polish as to custom, culture, language, or style; to adapt to the norms of the Republic of Poland.


lexentry: eng/Polynesia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Polynesia
trans_list: Polynésie
sense:
A continental region of Oceania, including Easter Island, Hawaii, New Zealand, and most of the islands between them.


lexentry: eng/Pomerania__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pomerania
trans_list: Poméranie
sense:
A former duchy, historical province of Prussia, and now a geographic region of Central Europe split between Germany and Poland on the southern shore of the Baltic Sea.


lexentry: eng/Pomeranian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pomeranian
trans_list: poméranien | poméranienne
sense:
Of, from or relating to Pomerania, a historic region split between the German states of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern and Brandenburg and the Pomeranian Voivodeship, West Pomeranian Voivodeship and Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship of Poland.


lexentry: eng/Pontus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Pontus
trans_list: Pont | Pontos
sense:
An ancient kingdom and cultural region covering the eastern half of the southern coast of the Black Sea, in Anatolia in modern Turkey; traditionally Greek-speaking.


lexentry: eng/Ponzi_scheme__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ponzi scheme
trans_list: pyramide de Ponzi | système de Ponzi
sense:
A fraudulent scheme where earlier investors are paid with the money taken from new investors, giving the impression that the scheme is a viable investment.


lexentry: eng/Popasna__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Popasna
trans_list: Popasna
sense:
A city, the administrative centre of Popasna urban hromada, Siverskodonetsk Raion, Luhansk Oblast, Ukraine, founded as a railway station in 1878, occupied by Russian forces since May 2022, heavily damaged during the war in Donbas and then razed to the ground during the Battle of Popasna.


lexentry: eng/Popemobile__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Popemobile
trans_list: papamobile
sense:
(informal) Any of various vehicles with bulletproof glass sides used to transport the Pope through crowds safely while allowing an open view.


lexentry: eng/Portoferraio__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Portoferraio
trans_list: Portoferraio
sense:
A city and comune in the province of Livorno, Tuscany, Italy, in the north of Elba, featuring a prominent harbour.


lexentry: eng/Portugal__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Portugal
trans_list: Portugal
sense:
A country in Southern Europe, on the Iberian Peninsula. Official name: Portuguese Republic. Capital and largest city: Lisbon.


lexentry: eng/Portuguese__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Portuguese
trans_list: portugais | Portugais
sense:
A Romance language originating in Portugal, and now the official language of Portugal, Angola, Mozambique, São Tomé and Príncipe, Guiné Bissau (Guinea-Bissau), Cape Verde, East Timor, and Brazil.


lexentry: eng/Portuguese_man-of-war__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Portuguese man-of-war
trans_list: galère portugaise | physalie | vessie de mer
sense:
Physalia physalis, a marine cnidarian consisting of a floating colony of hydrozoans attached to a float, superficially resembling a jellyfish.


lexentry: eng/Portuguese_oak__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Portuguese oak
trans_list: chêne portugais | chêne du Portugal
sense:
A species of oak, Quercus faginea, native to the western Mediterranean region of the Iberian Peninsula and the Balearic Islands.


lexentry: eng/Poseidon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Poseidon
trans_list: Poséidon
sense:
(Greek god) The god of the sea and other waters, earthquakes and horses; corresponds to the Roman god Neptune.


lexentry: eng/Praetorian__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Praetorian
trans_list: prétorien
sense:
(historical, Ancient Rome) A member of a special bodyguard force used by Roman emperors, their symbol being the scorpion.


lexentry: eng/Prague__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Prague
trans_list: Prague | pragois | praguois
sense:
The capital city of the Czech Republic; the former capital of Czechoslovakia; the former capital of the Kingdom of Bohemia.


lexentry: eng/Precambrian__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Precambrian
trans_list: précambrien
sense:
(geology) The Precambrian supereon; spanning from the formation of the Earth around 4.6 billion years ago to the emergence of hard-shelled creatures 541 million years ago.


lexentry: eng/Premonstratensian__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Premonstratensian
trans_list: prémontré
sense:
A member of a Roman Catholic order of canons regular, founded by St Norbert c. 1120 in the town of Prémontré, France. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/Priapus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Priapus
trans_list: Priape
sense:
(Greek god) The son of Aphrodite and Dionysus, god of procreation, and guardian of gardens and vineyards; personification of the phallus.


lexentry: eng/Pride_Month__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pride Month
trans_list: mois de la fierté | mois des fiertés | pride
sense:
(US) The month of June, declared for LGBT pride in commemoration of the Stonewall riots of June 1969.


lexentry: eng/Pride__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pride
trans_list: Marche des fiertés | Pride | fierté
sense:
A festival or other event, usually involving a march or parade and organized annually within a city, to celebrate the experiences and identities of LGBTQ people and to promote their interests and rights. [from late 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/Primat__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Primat
trans_list: primate
sense:
A very large champagne bottle with the capacity of about 27 liters, equivalent to 36 standard bottles.


lexentry: eng/Prince_Charming__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Prince Charming
trans_list: prince charmant
sense:
(by extension) A heterosexual woman's prototypical ideal romantic partner, especially but not necessarily if he embodies common characteristics of the fictional princes, such as being courageous or chivalrous.


lexentry: eng/Procrustes__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Procrustes
trans_list: Procruste | Procuste
sense:
(Greek mythology) A celebrated legendary highwayman of Attica, who tied his victims upon an iron bed, and, as the case required, either stretched or cut off their legs to adapt them to its length.


lexentry: eng/Procyon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Procyon
trans_list: Procyon
sense:
(star) A star in the constellation Canis Minor; Alpha (α) Canis Minoris. The eighth brightest star in the night sky.


lexentry: eng/Produnova__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Produnova
trans_list: Produnova | saut Produnova
sense:
(gymnastics) a vault on the vaulting horse or vaulting table that starts with a front handspring off the gymnastics horse leading to two-and-a-half somersaults in the air, and then landing on their feet. (a three-point landing with the butt and feet is considered a fall)


lexentry: eng/Progressive_Conservative_Party__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Progressive Conservative Party
trans_list: Parti progressiste-conservateur
sense:
(Canada, politics) a political party in Canada with a right of centre ideology, which succeed the old Conservative Party of Canada, Liberal-Conservative Party of Canada, Blue Party and absorbed the Progressive Party of Canada. It was itself succeeded by the new Conservative Party of Canada.


lexentry: eng/Prohibition__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Prohibition
trans_list: Prohibition
sense:
(history) Any of several periods during which the manufacture, transportation, import, export, and sale of alcoholic beverages were restricted or illegal.


lexentry: eng/Promethean__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Promethean
trans_list: prométhéen
sense:
Of or pertaining to Prometheus, a demigod in Greek mythology who created mortals from clay and stole fire from Zeus to give to them, for which Zeus punished him by chaining him to a rock and having an eagle feed on his liver which grew back each night; he was later rescued by Heracles.


lexentry: eng/Prometheus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Prometheus
trans_list: Prométhée
sense:
(Greek god) The Titan chiefly honored for stealing fire from Zeus in the stalk of a fennel plant and giving it to mortals for their use. The god of fire and craft.


lexentry: eng/Promised_Land__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Promised Land
trans_list: terre promise
sense:
(idiomatic, sometimes, lower case) Any place to which one eagerly seeks to go and which one expects to greatly improve one's situation.


lexentry: eng/Promised_Land__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Promised Land
trans_list: Terre Promise | Terre promise
sense:
(Judaism, Christianity) The area historically known as Judea, which was promised to the Israelites by God according to oral tradition recorded in the Book of Genesis.


lexentry: eng/Protectorate_of_Bohemia_and_Moravia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia
trans_list: protectorat de Bohême-Moravie
sense:
(historical) A former protectorate of Nazi Germany, established in 1939 and covering present-day Czech Republic.


lexentry: eng/Proterozoic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Proterozoic
trans_list: protérozoïque
sense:
(geology) The eon from 2,500 Ma to 541.0±1.0 Ma, the beginning of the Phanerozoic, marked by the build up of oxygen in the atmosphere and the emergence of primitive multicellular life.


lexentry: eng/Protestant__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Protestant
trans_list: protestant
sense:
(Christianity) Of or pertaining to several denominations of Christianity that separated from the Roman Catholic Church based on theological or political differences during the Reformation.


lexentry: eng/Protestant__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Protestant
trans_list: protestant | protestante
sense:
(Christianity) A member of any of several Christian denominations which separated from the Roman Catholic Church based on theological or political differences during the Reformation (or in some cases later).


lexentry: eng/Proto-Altaic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Proto-Altaic
trans_list: proto-altaïque
sense:
The hypothetical prehistoric ancestor of all Altaic languages, the existence of which is now often rejected.


lexentry: eng/Proto-Greek__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Proto-Greek
trans_list: proto-grec | proto-hellénique
sense:
The earliest form of the Greek language, the common ancestor of the Greek dialects, including Mycenaean and the classical Greek dialects.


lexentry: eng/Proto-Indo-European__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Proto-Indo-European
trans_list: indoeuropéen | indo-européen commun
sense:
(linguistics, anthropology) Of or pertaining to the Proto-Indo-European language, or the people who spoke it.


lexentry: eng/Proto-Indo-European__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Proto-Indo-European
trans_list: indo-européen commun | indoeuropéen
sense:
(linguistics, uncountable) The reconstructed ancestor language or protolanguage of the Indo-European family of languages, which includes most European, Iranian, and Indian languages.


lexentry: eng/Proto-Indo-Iranian__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Proto-Indo-Iranian
trans_list: proto-indo-iranien
sense:
(linguistics, uncountable) The hypothetical ancestor language or protolanguage of Indo-Aryan languages, the Iranian languages, the Dardic languages and the Nuristani languages.


lexentry: eng/Proto-Japonic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Proto-Japonic
trans_list: proto-japonique
sense:
(linguistics) The hypothetical ancestral language of both modern Japanese and the Ryukyuan languages.


lexentry: eng/Proto-Koreanic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Proto-Koreanic
trans_list: proto-coréanique | proto-coréen
sense:
(linguistics) A hypothetical proto-language from which Korean, Jeju, Baekje, and all the other Koreanic languages and varieties later emerged.


lexentry: eng/Proto-Norse__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Proto-Norse
trans_list: proto-norrois
sense:
An Indo-European language spoken in Scandinavia and ancestral to Old Norse that evolved from Proto-Germanic over the first centuries AD.


lexentry: eng/Proto-Slavic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Proto-Slavic
trans_list: proto-slave
sense:
(linguistics) A hypothetical, reconstructed language whence all the Slavic languages later descended.


lexentry: eng/Proto-Turkic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Proto-Turkic
trans_list: proto-turc | proto-turcique
sense:
A hypothetical proto-language from which Old Turkic and all the other Turkic languages later emerged.


lexentry: eng/Proto-Uralic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Proto-Uralic
trans_list: proto-ouralien
sense:
The ancestor language of the Uralic language family, usually written with the UPA-transcription system.


lexentry: eng/Proto-Yeniseian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Proto-Yeniseian
trans_list: Proto-ienisseïenne | proto-ienisseïen
sense:
(linguistics, anthropology) Of or pertaining to the Proto-Yeniseian language, or the people who spoke it.


lexentry: eng/Proto-Yeniseian__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Proto-Yeniseian
trans_list: proto-ienisseïen
sense:
(linguistics, uncountable) The hypothetical ancestor language or protolanguage of Yeniseian languages spoken in central Siberia.


lexentry: eng/Provence__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Provence
trans_list: Provence
sense:
A maritime geographic region and former province of southeastern France bordering Italy; since 2016 included in the administrative region of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur.


lexentry: eng/Proxima_Centauri__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Proxima Centauri
trans_list: Alpha Centauri C | Proxima Centauri | Proxima du Centaure
sense:
(star) A red dwarf star, part of the Alpha Centauri system and the nearest star to Earth's solar system.


lexentry: eng/Prussia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Prussia
trans_list: Prusse
sense:
(historical) A former duchy, kingdom and (after German unification in 1871) a province of Germany, existing in various forms from 1525 to 1947 in parts of modern Germany, Poland and Russia; it originated from the historical region of Prussia and expanded over time through conquest.


lexentry: eng/Prussia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Prussia
trans_list: Prusse
sense:
(countable) A country known for exceptional military professionalism in her region. Historically used for Bulgaria as the "Prussia of the Balkans".


lexentry: eng/Prussian_blue__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Prussian blue
trans_list: bleu de Prusse
sense:
(inorganic compound) An insoluble dark, bright blue pigment, ferric ferrocyanide (equivalent to ferrous ferricyanide), used in painting and dyeing, and as an antidote for certain kinds of heavy metal poisoning.


lexentry: eng/Psyche__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Psyche
trans_list: Psyché
sense:
(Greco-Roman mythology) The personification of the soul. Originally a mortal princess who later married Eros/Cupid, (the god of love), was deified, and bore him a daughter, Hedone/Voluptas.


lexentry: eng/Ptah__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ptah
trans_list: Ptah
sense:
(Egyptian god) A god of creativity and craftsmen, sometimes also identified with the gods of death and the birth of the sun.


lexentry: eng/Ptolemaic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ptolemaic
trans_list: ptolémaïque
sense:
(historical) Of or pertaining to the Ptolemy dynasty of pharaohs, the Ptolemies, rulers of Hellenistic Egypt.


lexentry: eng/Punch_and_Judy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Punch and Judy
trans_list: théâtre Guignol
sense:
A traditional sideshow often found at seaside resorts, consisting of various glove puppets operated by one person in a small tent-style booth theatre.


lexentry: eng/Punjab__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Punjab
trans_list: Pendjab | Penjab
sense:
A geographical region of South Asia, divided (by the Radcliffe Line) between India and Pakistan. Pakistani Punjab includes the (West) Punjab Province and parts of the Islamabad Capital Territory; Indian Punjab includes (East) Punjab State and some other territories.


lexentry: eng/Punjabi__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Punjabi
trans_list: pendjabi
sense:
Of, pertaining to, descended from the people or culture of the Punjab, or written in the Punjabi language.


lexentry: eng/Punjabi__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Punjabi
trans_list: pendjabi | panjâbî
sense:
(uncountable) The main language spoken in the Punjab region, in eastern Pakistan and Northern India.


lexentry: eng/Puppis__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Puppis
trans_list: Poupe
sense:
(constellation) A winter constellation of the northern sky, said to resemble the stern of a ship. Until 1763, it was part of a larger constellation, Argo Navis.


lexentry: eng/Purgatory__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Purgatory
trans_list: purgatoire
sense:
(Christianity) An intermediate state after death in which some of those ultimately destined for Heaven must first undergo purification.


lexentry: eng/Purim__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Purim
trans_list: Pourim | Purim
sense:
(Judaism) A Jewish festival, celebrated on the 14th day of Adar, commemorating the deliverance of the Persian Jews from a complete massacre at the hand of Haman the Amalekite.


lexentry: eng/Pushkinian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pushkinian
trans_list: pouchkinien
sense:
Of or relating to Alexander Pushkin (Russian: Алекса́ндр Пу́шкин, 1799–1837), Russian author of the Romantic era.


lexentry: eng/Puss_in_Boots__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Puss in Boots
trans_list: chat botté
sense:
A 17th-century French literary fairy tale about a cat who uses trickery and deceit to gain power, wealth, and the hand of a princess in marriage for his penniless and low-born master.


lexentry: eng/Putinesque__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Putinesque
trans_list: poutinesque
sense:
Reminiscent of the beliefs or policies of Vladimir Putin (born 1952), President of Russia since 2012.


lexentry: eng/Putinism__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Putinism
trans_list: poutinisme
sense:
(politics) The political policies of Vladimir Putin; the Russian political system during Putin’s tenure in power.


lexentry: eng/Putonghua__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Putonghua
trans_list: putonghua
sense:
Standard Mandarin, the official language of the People's Republic of China; the state-designated national speech of the Han nationality using Beijing pronunciation as the standard pronunciation, Beijing speech as the basic dialect, and the model writing of the modern vernacular prose as the norm for grammar.


lexentry: eng/Pyrenean_chamois__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pyrenean chamois
trans_list: isard
sense:
Rupicapra pyrenaica, a goat-antelope that lives in the Pyrenees and the Apennine Mountains of central Italy.


lexentry: eng/Pyrenees__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pyrenees
trans_list: Pyrénées
sense:
The mountain range separating Spain from France, inhabited by Basques in the west, Occitans in the centre-north, Aragonese in the centre-south, and Catalans in the east.


lexentry: eng/Pyrrhic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Pyrrhic
trans_list: à la Pyrrhus
sense:
Achieved at too great a cost or detriment to have been worthwhile (as a victory, accomplishment, etc).


lexentry: eng/Pyrrhic_victory__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pyrrhic victory
trans_list: victoire à la Pyrrhus
sense:
A very costly victory, wherein the considerable losses outweigh the gain, so as to render the struggle not worth the cost.


lexentry: eng/Pyrrhus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pyrrhus
trans_list: Pyrrhus
sense:
Ancient Greek given name, particularly worn by the king of Epirus (319-272 BC) who defeated Romans in several battles, but sustained heavy losses, from which the term Pyrrhic victory was coined.


lexentry: eng/Pythagorean_theorem__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pythagorean theorem
trans_list: théorème de Pythagore
sense:
(geometry) A mathematical theorem which states that the square of the length of the hypotenuse of a right triangle is equal to the sum of the squares of those of the two other sides.


lexentry: eng/Python__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Python
trans_list: Python
sense:
(computing) An interpreted, high-level, general-purpose programming language invented by Guido van Rossum.


lexentry: eng/Pyxis__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pyxis
trans_list: Boussole
sense:
(constellation) A spring constellation of the southern sky, said to resemble the compass of a ship. It is associated with the larger Argo Navis, although it was never officially part of that constellation.


lexentry: eng/Périgord__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Périgord
trans_list: Périgord
sense:
A geographic region and former province corresponding roughly to the modern department of Dordogne, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France.


lexentry: eng/QAnon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: QAnon
trans_list: QAnon
sense:
(US politics) An anonymous poster on the Internet message boards 4chan, 8chan and 8kun, claiming to possess Q clearance, who originated a pro-Trump conspiracy theory claiming that Donald Trump is working against a cabal of Satanic, cannibalistic pedophiles comprised of his political opponents.


lexentry: eng/QPP__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: QPP
trans_list: SQ
sense:
(law enforcement, Canada, uncountable) Initialism of Quebec Provincial Police (Sûreté du Québec); the police force of the Canadian province of Quebec..


lexentry: eng/Q_fever__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Q fever
trans_list: fièvre Q
sense:
An infectious disease, resembling influenza, caused by the bacterium Coxiella burnetii (previously classified as Rickettsia burnetii).


lexentry: eng/Qadarite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Qadarite
trans_list: cadarien
sense:
A member of the Qadariyya, an early Islamic movement which held that man was endowed by God with free will.


lexentry: eng/Qom__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Qom
trans_list: caoutchouc
sense:
A city in Iran, the seat of Qom County's Central District and the capital of Qom Province, a shrine city and center of Shi'ite seminarian learning.


lexentry: eng/Quaker__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Quaker
trans_list: quaker
sense:
A believer of the Quaker faith and a member of the Society of Friends, known for their pacifist views.


lexentry: eng/Quaker_gun__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Quaker gun
trans_list: Quaker gun
sense:
(idiomatic, chiefly, US, weaponry, historical) A nonfunctional imitation of a gun or an artillery piece, typically made of wood and usually intended to deceive enemy forces into overestimating one's available firepower.


lexentry: eng/Quakerism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Quakerism
trans_list: quakerisme
sense:
The belief system of the members of the Religious Society of Friends, an ostensibly Christian religious denomination that began in England in the 17th century.


lexentry: eng/Quaternary__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Quaternary
trans_list: quaternaire
sense:
(geology) The geological period of the Cenozoic Era immediately following the Tertiary. It is subdivided into the Pleistocene and the Holocene Epochs.


lexentry: eng/Quebecism__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Quebecism
trans_list: québécisme
sense:
(countable) A word or phrase of Quebec; one originating there, or only used there, or having special meaning there.


lexentry: eng/Queen_of_Heaven__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Queen of Heaven
trans_list: Reine du Ciel
sense:
(Christianity, chiefly, _, Catholicism) Synonym of Mary, mother of Jesus, in particular reference to her role as queen of Heaven.


lexentry: eng/Queensland__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Queensland
trans_list: Queensland
sense:
A state of Australia, located in the northeastern part of the continent; a former British colony from 1859 to 1901. Capital: Brisbane.


lexentry: eng/Quercy__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Quercy
trans_list: Quercy
sense:
A cultural region and former province in modern-day Occitania, France, located in the present department of Lot, the northern half of the department of Tarn-et-Garonne, and a few communities in the departments of Dordogne, Corrèze and Aveyron.


lexentry: eng/Quetzalcoatl__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Quetzalcoatl
trans_list: Quetzalcóatl
sense:
The Aztec name for the Feathered-Serpent deity of ancient Mesoamerica, one of the main gods of many Mexican and northern Central American civilizations.


lexentry: eng/Quidditch__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Quidditch
trans_list: quidditch
sense:
A fictional ball game played between two teams of seven players riding flying broomsticks, using four balls and six elevated ring-shaped goals.


lexentry: eng/Quinquagesima__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Quinquagesima
trans_list: Quinquagésime
sense:
(Christianity) A moveable feast in the Christian calendar on the Sunday 49 days before Easter Sunday (50 days counting inclusively).


lexentry: eng/Quranism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Quranism
trans_list: coranisme
sense:
A denomination in Islam that generally rejects the authoritative role of hadiths, and considers the Qur'an to be the only dependable religious text.


lexentry: eng/R&D__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: R&D
trans_list: R&D
sense:
(business) Initialism of research and development, a department within a company (or governmental division) dedicated to that task, or the fiscal category that represents it in fiscal reporting.


lexentry: eng/RCM__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: RCM
trans_list: MRC
sense:
Initialism of regional county municipality (a county administered as a municipality; a regional municipality, a county-level municipality).


lexentry: eng/REM_sleep__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: REM sleep
trans_list: sommeil paradoxal
sense:
The stage of sleep during which most brain activity and dreams occur, characterised by rapid eye movement (REM).


lexentry: eng/RGB__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: RGB
trans_list: RVB
sense:
Initialism of red, green, blue; a color model in which colors are represented by adding varying amounts of red, green, and blue light.


lexentry: eng/RIP__Interjection__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: RIP
trans_list: REP
sense:
Initialism of requiescat in pace, requiescant in pace, or rest in peace (a blessing or expression of hope that a deceased person is at peace).


lexentry: eng/Rabbinic_Judaism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rabbinic Judaism
trans_list: judaïsme rabbinique
sense:
The mainstream form of Judaism since the 6th century CE, after the codification of the Babylonian Talmud, having its roots in Pharisaic Judaism and based on the belief that Moses at Mount Sinai received two items from God: the written Torah and the oral Torah.


lexentry: eng/Raeffsky_Islands__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Raeffsky Islands
trans_list: Îles Raevski | Îles Raéffsky
sense:
centrally located Tuamotus' subgroup in French Polynesia, consisting of the three communes of Anaa, Makemo and Fakarava


lexentry: eng/Rafah__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rafah
trans_list: Rafah
sense:
A city, the capital of Rafah governorate, Southern Gaza, Gaza Strip, Palestine; lying next to the eponymous city in Egypt.


lexentry: eng/Ragnarok__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ragnarok
trans_list: Ragnarök
sense:
(Norse mythology) A series of future events culminating in a battle, fought between the Æsir and einherjar on one side, and the forces of Surtr, Loki, and Loki's children on the other, in which all of creation is burned down and almost all life is extinguished.


lexentry: eng/Raków__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Raków
trans_list: Raków
sense:
A settlement founded in the Sandomierz Voivodeship of Lesser Poland in 1569 as the centre of the Polish Brethren, the site of the Racovian Academy 1602–1638 and of the publication of the Racovian Catechism in 1605; formerly a town until 1869, it is now a village of the Republic of Poland and the seat of the gmina wiejska (rural commune) of the same name.


lexentry: eng/Ramadan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ramadan
trans_list: ramadan
sense:
(Islam) The holy ninth month of the Islamic lunar calendar, during which Muslims fast between the break of dawn until sunset; they also refrain from drinking liquids, smoking and having sexual relations.


lexentry: eng/Raman_spectroscopy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Raman spectroscopy
trans_list: spectroscopie Raman
sense:
(analytical chemistry) A form of spectroscopy that uses the Raman effect to study low-frequency vibrational and rotational modes of molecules.


lexentry: eng/Randstad__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Randstad
trans_list: Randstad
sense:
A region, a roughly crescent-shaped conurbation in the Netherlands which includes the four largest cities (Amsterdam, Rotterdam, Utrecht, and The Hague) and surrounds the Groene Hart.


lexentry: eng/Rangerette__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Rangerette
trans_list: Rangerette
sense:
(by extension) A female performer in a precision dance or drill team, especially one modeled after the Kilgore College Rangerettes' style.


lexentry: eng/Rangerette__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Rangerette
trans_list: Rangerette
sense:
(specifically) An officer (e.g., captain or lieutenant) within the Rangerettes organization, distinguished by a solid-white uniform and colored neck scarf.


lexentry: eng/Rapture__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rapture
trans_list: enlèvement | ravissement
sense:
(Christianity) In some forms of fundamentalist Protestant eschatology, a prophesied sudden removal of Christian believers from the Earth before the Tribulation or simultaneous with the second coming of Jesus Christ.


lexentry: eng/Rapunzel__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rapunzel
trans_list: Raiponce
sense:
A German fairy tale about a girl imprisoned in a tower who lets down her long hair for a rescuer to climb.


lexentry: eng/Rastafarianism__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rastafarianism
trans_list: rastafarisme
sense:
A religion that emerged in Jamaica in the 1930s out of biblical prophecy and rising black aspirations.


lexentry: eng/Ravenclaw__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ravenclaw
trans_list: Serdaigle
sense:
A person having traits associated with Ravenclaw house from the Harry Potter series, including intelligence, creativity, and love of learning or an affinity for eagles or the colours blue and bronze.


lexentry: eng/Raëlism__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Raëlism
trans_list: raëlisme
sense:
A UFO religion with liberal sexual views, holding that all life on Earth was created in scientific laboratories by extraterrestrials.


lexentry: eng/Reaganite__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Reaganite
trans_list: reaganien
sense:
(US politics) Of or pertaining to Ronald Reagan (1911–2004), 40th president of the United States (1981–1989).


lexentry: eng/Reaganite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Reaganite
trans_list: Reaganien
sense:
(US politics) A supporter of Ronald Reagan (1911–2004), 40th president of the United States (1981–1989), and/or policies that he endorsed.


lexentry: eng/Red_Cross__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Red Cross
trans_list: Croix-Rouge
sense:
(with the) An international humanitarian organization that cares for the wounded, sick, and homeless.


lexentry: eng/Red_Forest__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Red Forest
trans_list: Forêt rousse
sense:
A red forest in Chernobyl Exclusion Zone, Vyshhorod Raion, Kyiv Oblast, Polesia, Ukraine; a highly radioactive and highly contaminated pine forest caused by fallout from the Chornobyl-Vladimir Lenin nuclear power plant meltdown disaster accident.


lexentry: eng/Red_Queen_hypothesis__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Red Queen hypothesis
trans_list: hypothèse de la Reine rouge
sense:
(evolutionary theory) An evolutionary hypothesis which proposes that organisms must constantly adapt, evolve, and proliferate not merely to gain reproductive advantage, but also simply to survive while pitted against other evolving organisms in an ever-changing environment.


lexentry: eng/Red_Sea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Red Sea
trans_list: mer Rouge
sense:
A long, narrow sea between Africa and the Arabian Peninsula; links the Suez Canal with the Arabian Sea.


lexentry: eng/Redemptorist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Redemptorist
trans_list: Redemptoriste
sense:
A member of the Roman Catholic missionary congregation of the Most Holy Redeemer (i.e. Jesus Christ), founded in 1732 by Saint Alphonsus Maria of Liguori


lexentry: eng/Reeves's_muntjac__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Reeves's muntjac
trans_list: muntjac de Reeves
sense:
A muntjac of species Muntiacus reevesi, found in China and Taiwan, considered invasive where introduced elsewhere.


lexentry: eng/Reform_Judaism__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Reform Judaism
trans_list: judaïsme réformé
sense:
(Judaism) A movement in Judaism, characterized by the loosening of the strictures of much of traditional Jewish law that is seen as irrelevant to modern society, and by the shortening, simplification, and translation to the vernacular of Jewish ritual.


lexentry: eng/Reformation__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Reformation
trans_list: Réformation | Réforme | réformation | réforme protestante
sense:
(historical) The religious movement initiated in the 16th century against the Roman Catholic Church.


lexentry: eng/Reformed__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Reformed
trans_list: réformé
sense:
Of the Protestant movement typically associated with John Calvin, as separated from the Lutheran Church to pursue more extensive reformation.


lexentry: eng/Regensburg__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Regensburg
trans_list: Ratisbonne
sense:
An independent city, the administrative seat of the Upper Palatinate region, on the River Danube in Bavaria, Germany; also called Ratisbon.


lexentry: eng/Rehoboam__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rehoboam
trans_list: Roboam
sense:
King of Israel after Solomon, whose folly split the kingdom in two; the father of Abijah (biblical character)


lexentry: eng/Reichstag__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Reichstag
trans_list: diète d’empire
sense:
(historical) The lower chamber of the federal parliament of Germany until 1945; the building that housed it.


lexentry: eng/Reindeer_Lake__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Reindeer Lake
trans_list: lac Reindeer
sense:
A glacial lake in Western Canada, located on the border between northeastern Saskatchewan and northwestern Manitoba.


lexentry: eng/Remembrance_Day__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Remembrance Day
trans_list: jour du Souvenir
sense:
(Commonwealth) November 11th, observed in commemoration of those in the armed forces who died in the line of duty; especially those who died during the two world wars.


lexentry: eng/Renaissance__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Renaissance
trans_list: Renaissance
sense:
(historical) The 14th-century revival of classical art, architecture, literature and learning that originated in Italy and spread throughout Europe over the following two centuries.


lexentry: eng/Renaissance__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Renaissance
trans_list: Renaissance
sense:
The period of this revival, typically lasting from the late 14th to the late 16th centuries; the transition from medieval to modern times.


lexentry: eng/Republic_of_Armenia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Republic of Armenia
trans_list: République d'Arménie
sense:
Official name of Armenia: a country in the South Caucasus region of Asia, sometimes considered to belong politically to Europe. [20th c.]


lexentry: eng/Republic_of_China__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Republic of China
trans_list: République de Chine
sense:
Official name of Taiwan: a partly-recognized country in East Asia; the rump state left over from the Republic of China on the mainland after 1949.


lexentry: eng/Republic_of_Cyprus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Republic of Cyprus
trans_list: République de Chypre
sense:
Official name of Cyprus: an island country in the Mediterranean Sea, normally considered politically part of Southeast Europe but geographically part of West Asia.


lexentry: eng/Republic_of_Letters__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Republic of Letters
trans_list: République des Lettres
sense:
(historical) The intellectual community in the late 17th and 18th centuries in Europe and the Americas, exchanging ideas by circulating handwritten letters.


lexentry: eng/Republic_of_Macedonia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Republic of Macedonia
trans_list: République de Macédoine
sense:
(historical) Former official name of North Macedonia: a country in Southeast Europe, on the Balkan Peninsula.


lexentry: eng/Republic_of_Maldives__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Republic of Maldives
trans_list: République des Maldives
sense:
Official name of the Maldives: an island country in South Asia, located in the Indian Ocean off the coast of India.


lexentry: eng/Republic_of_South_Vietnam__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Republic of South Vietnam
trans_list: république du Sud Viêt Nam
sense:
(history) An underground government that opposed the South Vietnamese government during the Vietnam War and became its provisional government for a year after the war.


lexentry: eng/Republic_of_Texas__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Republic of Texas
trans_list: République du Texas
sense:
(historical) A former country in North America that successfully revolted from Mexico in 1836 and was then annexed into the United States as the state of Texas in 1845.


lexentry: eng/Republic_of_Zaire__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Republic of Zaire
trans_list: République du Zaïre
sense:
(historical) Former official name of the Democratic Republic of the Congo: a country in Central Africa; used from 1971 through 1997.


lexentry: eng/Republican__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Republican
trans_list: républicain | républicaine
sense:
(US politics) A member or supporter of the Republican Party, the more right-wing of the two main political parties in the United States.


lexentry: eng/Reticulum__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Reticulum
trans_list: Réticule
sense:
(constellation) A small constellation of the southern summer sky, said to resemble a reticle. It lies between the constellations of Horologium and Dorado.


lexentry: eng/Reuleaux_triangle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Reuleaux triangle
trans_list: triangle de Reuleaux
sense:
(geometry) A figure consisting of three circular arcs, each centered on the intersection of the other two.


lexentry: eng/Rexism__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rexism
trans_list: rexisme
sense:
(politics, historical) A fascist movement active in Belgium from 1935 to 1945; the ideology of the Rexist Party


lexentry: eng/Reynold__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Reynold
trans_list: Renaud
sense:
A en given name, today more popular in the forms Reginald and Ronald. Modern use is partly transferred from the surname.


lexentry: eng/Rhaeto-Romance__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rhaeto-Romance
trans_list: rhéto-roman
sense:
(linguistics) A group of related Romance languages spoken in north and north-eastern Italy and southeastern Switzerland, or any of these languages individually. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/Rhea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rhea
trans_list: Rhéa
sense:
(Greek god) A Titan, the daughter of Uranus and Gaia, the mother of Demeter, Hades, Hera, Hestia, Poseidon, and Zeus.


lexentry: eng/Rhene__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rhene
trans_list: Rhènè
sense:
the paramour of King Oïleus of Locris and the mother of either or neither of his sons Medon and Ajax.


lexentry: eng/Rhine__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rhine
trans_list: Rhin
sense:
A major river in western Europe, which flows through Switzerland, Austria, Liechtenstein, Germany, France and the Netherlands, before emptying into the North Sea.


lexentry: eng/Rhineland__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rhineland
trans_list: Rhénanie
sense:
(usually, with the definite article) An area on both sides of the river Rhine, in the west of Germany. Roughly equivalent to the former Prussian Rhine Province, now the greater part of Rhineland-Palatinate plus the south-western half of North Rhine-Westphalia.


lexentry: eng/Rhodesia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Rhodesia
trans_list: Rhodésie
sense:
(historical) A historical region of Southern Africa, the area now occupied by Zimbabwe and Zambia. [used from 1895 to 1964]


lexentry: eng/Rhodopes__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rhodopes
trans_list: Rhodopes
sense:
A mountain range in Southeastern Europe, with over 83% of its area in southern Bulgaria and the remainder in Greece.


lexentry: eng/Richard's_pipit__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Richard's pipit
trans_list: pipit de Richard
sense:
Anthus richardi, a medium-sized passerine bird which breeds in open grasslands in the East Palearctic.


lexentry: eng/Richter_scale__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Richter scale
trans_list: échelle de Richter
sense:
(seismology) A logarithmic scale used to express the energy released by an earthquake, each increase of 1 representing a 31-fold increase in energy, and a 10-fold increase in the measured wave amplitude.


lexentry: eng/Riemann_hypothesis__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Riemann hypothesis
trans_list: hypothèse de Riemann
sense:
(mathematics, analysis, number theory) The conjecture that the zeros of the Riemann zeta function exist only at the negative even integers and certain complex numbers whose real part is ½.


lexentry: eng/Riemann_integral__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Riemann integral
trans_list: intégrale de Riemann
sense:
(analysis) A type of integral whose computation involves dividing the interval of integration into smaller sub-intervals, summing sample values of the integrand inside those sub-intervals multiplied by their lengths, and letting the number of sub-intervals tend to infinity.


lexentry: eng/Riemann_sum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Riemann sum
trans_list: somme de Riemann
sense:
(mathematics) A certain kind of approximation of an integral by a finite sum that is calculated by dividing the interval of integration into smaller sub-intervals and summing sample values of the integrand inside those sub-intervals multiplied by their lengths.


lexentry: eng/Riemannian_manifold__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Riemannian manifold
trans_list: variété riemannienne
sense:
(differential geometry, Riemannian geometry) A real, smooth differentiable manifold whose each point has a tangent space equipped with a positive-definite inner product;(more formally) an ordered pair (M, g), where M is a real, smooth differentiable manifold and g its Riemannian metric.


lexentry: eng/Rigel__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rigel
trans_list: Rigel
sense:
(star) A blue supergiant star in the constellation Orion; Beta (β) Orionis. The seventh brightest star in the night sky.


lexentry: eng/Righteous_Among_the_Nations__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Righteous Among the Nations
trans_list: Juste parmi les nations
sense:
(State of Israel) Title given to a non-Jew who risked his or her life during the Holocaust to save Jews from extermination by the Nazis.


lexentry: eng/Riksmål__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Riksmål
trans_list: riksmål
sense:
A conservative variety of Bokmål that is closer to Danish, sometimes using unofficial spellings that have been removed from standard Bokmål.


lexentry: eng/Ring_of_Fire__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ring of Fire
trans_list: ceinture de feu
sense:
(geology, volcanology) An area of frequent earthquakes and volcanic activity, around the Pacific Ocean.


lexentry: eng/Ripuarian__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ripuarian
trans_list: Franc ripuaire
sense:
(historical) Any of the Ripuarian tribal section of the Frank people (comprising several tribes), who after some migration inhabited this region, as opposed to the Salian branch.


lexentry: eng/Ripuarian__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ripuarian
trans_list: francique ripuaire
sense:
A West Central German dialect group, spoken in the northern Rhineland (including the cities of Bonn, Cologne, Düsseldorf and Aachen), as well as parts of German-speaking Belgium and south-eastern Limburg (Netherlands); linguistically, the least affected by the consonant shift of all High German dialects


lexentry: eng/Robeson_Channel__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Robeson Channel
trans_list: passage Robeson
sense:
A strait between Greenland and Ellesmere Island, connecting the Arctic Ocean and Hall Basin, part of the Nares Strait.


lexentry: eng/Robin_Hood__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Robin Hood
trans_list: Robin des Bois
sense:
A legendary English outlaw famous for his skill in archery and his vow to defend the poor and the oppressed against established authority.


lexentry: eng/Roblox__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Roblox
trans_list: Roblox
sense:
A massively multiplayer online game and creation system platform (introduced in 2004) in which users design and play video games.


lexentry: eng/Robotyne__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Robotyne
trans_list: Robotyne
sense:
A village in Tokmak urban hromada, Polohy Raion, Zaporizhzhia Oblast, Ukraine, settled in 1818, incorporated in 1869.


lexentry: eng/Roche_limit__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Roche limit
trans_list: limite de Roche
sense:
(astronomy) The closest a satellite can approach its parent body before the gravitational forces holding it together are overwhelmed by tidal forces pulling it apart.


lexentry: eng/Rolle's_theorem__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rolle's theorem
trans_list: théorème de Rolle
sense:
(calculus) The theorem that any real-valued differentiable function that attains equal values at two distinct points must have a point somewhere between them where the first derivative (the slope of the tangent line to the graph of the function) is zero. In mathematical terms, if f : \mathbb{R} \rightarrow \mathbb{R} is differentiable on (a,b) and f(a)=f(b) then \exists c \in (a,b) : f'(c)=0.


lexentry: eng/Rom__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Rom
trans_list: Rom | Rrom | bohémien | gitan | tsigane
sense:
(in particular) A male member of the Romani people who is married and considered respectable amongst the family.


lexentry: eng/Roman_Empire__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Roman Empire
trans_list: Empire romain
sense:
(historical) An ancient empire based out of Rome, which succeeded the Roman Republic and existed between 27 B.C.E. and 476 C.E. in the west (and until 1453 C.E. in the east; see Byzantine Empire), encompassing vast territories in Europe, Asia and Africa, stretching from Britain and Germany to Spain, North Africa and the Persian Gulf. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/Roman_mile__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Roman mile
trans_list: lieue
sense:
An ancient Roman unit of itinerant distance of 1000 paces (mille passus, hence also "mile" from Latin mille, "1000"). Indirectly standardized to 5000 Roman feet by Agrippa in 29 BC. In modern times, Agrippa's Imperial Roman mile is empirically estimated to have been around 1481 meters (1620 yards, 4860 English feet, 0.92 English miles); compared with a modern mile, which is 5280 feet.


lexentry: eng/Roman_road__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Roman road
trans_list: voie romaine
sense:
(historical) Any of many roads built in Europe, including Britain, by the Ancient Romans, many of which survive in various forms.


lexentry: eng/Roman_shade__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Roman shade
trans_list: store romain
sense:
A kind of window shade that shows a smooth surface while covering the window (unlike most blinds) but closes up into a stack.


lexentry: eng/Romance__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Romance
trans_list: roman
sense:
Of or dealing with languages or cultures derived from Roman influence and Latin: French, Italian, Portuguese, Spanish, Galician, Romanian, Catalan, Occitan, etc.


lexentry: eng/Romanesque__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Romanesque
trans_list: roman
sense:
Somewhat resembling the Romans; applied sometimes to the debased style of the later Roman Empire, but especially to the more developed art and architecture prevailing from the 8th century to the 12th.


lexentry: eng/Romani__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Romani
trans_list: romani | tsigane
sense:
The Indo-Aryan lect of the Roma people, or one of its sublects (such as Roma, Sinti, Romanichal, etc), closely related to Hindi and Rajasthani.


lexentry: eng/Romanization__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Romanization
trans_list: romanisation | transcription en caractères romains
sense:
(usually, uncountable) The act or process of putting text into the Latin (Roman) alphabet, by means such as transliteration and transcription.


lexentry: eng/Romans__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Romans
trans_list: Romains
sense:
(biblical) The sixth book of the New Testament of the Bible, the epistle of St Paul to the Christians in Rome.


lexentry: eng/Romansch__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Romansch
trans_list: romanche
sense:
(strict sense) A Rhaeto-Romance language (or dialect continuum) spoken in the Graubünden/Grisons canton of Switzerland; it is one of the four official languages of Switzerland.


lexentry: eng/Romanticism__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Romanticism
trans_list: romantisme
sense:
(arts, music) An artistic, literary, musical, and intellectual movement that originated in Europe towards the end of the 18th century, peaking from 1800 to 1850, characterized by its emphasis on emotion and individualism as well as glorification of all the past and nature, preferring the medieval rather than the classical.


lexentry: eng/Rome__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rome
trans_list: Rome
sense:
A major city, the capital of Italy and the Italian region of Lazio, located on the Tiber River; the ancient capital of the Roman Empire.


lexentry: eng/Rome__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: Rome
trans_list: Rome
sense:
(historical) An ancient empire based out of the city of Rome, covering vast territories in Europe, Asia and Africa; in full, Roman Empire.


lexentry: eng/Romeo__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Romeo
trans_list: Roméo
sense:
(fiction) One of the main characters of Romeo and Juliet by William Shakespeare: the ardent lover of Juliet.


lexentry: eng/Romeo_and_Juliet__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Romeo and Juliet
trans_list: Roméo et Juliette
sense:
A pair of lovers, particularly if they are young, visibly enamored, and come from families or groups that are on opposing sides of a dispute.


lexentry: eng/Roncesvalles__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Roncesvalles
trans_list: Roncevaux
sense:
A village in Navarre, Spain, in the Pyrenees, traditionally the site of the death of Roland in the Chanson de Roland.


lexentry: eng/Roof_of_the_World__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Roof of the World
trans_list: toit du monde
sense:
The various high mountainous regions in Asia, consisting of Pamir, the Himalayas, Tibet and Mount Everest.


lexentry: eng/Rorschach_test__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rorschach test
trans_list: test de Rorschach
sense:
(psychology) A method of psychological evaluation that uses a person's interpretations of inkblots or similar images to discover information concerning his or her personality, emotional functioning, or unconscious mind.


lexentry: eng/Rosetta_Stone__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rosetta Stone
trans_list: Pierre de Rosette
sense:
A large inscribed stone found near Rosetta, Egypt, in 1799, later used as a basis for understanding many previously undecipherable examples of hieroglyphic writing.


lexentry: eng/Rosh_Hashanah__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rosh Hashanah
trans_list: Roch Hachana
sense:
(Judaism) The Jewish holiday marking the start of the liturgical year, taking place on the first two days of Tishrei, 163 days after the first day of Passover.


lexentry: eng/Ross's_gull__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ross's gull
trans_list: mouette rosée
sense:
Rhodostethia rosea, a small gull breeding in the high Arctic of northernmost North America, and northeast Siberia.


lexentry: eng/Rouen__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rouen
trans_list: Rouen
sense:
The prefecture of the department of Seine-Maritime, and the capital of the region of Normandy, France, on the Seine River.


lexentry: eng/Round_Table__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Round Table
trans_list: Table ronde
sense:
(Arthurian legend) King Arthur's table in the Arthurian legend, around which he and his knights congregate, all having equal status since the table has no head.


lexentry: eng/Roussillon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Roussillon
trans_list: Roussillon
sense:
A region of the Occitania region, France, approximately coterminous with Pyrénées-Orientales, that was once a part of Catalonia.


lexentry: eng/Roussillonese__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Roussillonese
trans_list: roussillonnais
sense:
Of, from or relating to the Roussillon region, approximately coterminous with the Pyrénées-Orientales department, Occitania, France but originally part of Catalonia; or the dialect of Catalan spoken there.


lexentry: eng/Roy_G._Biv__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Roy G. Biv
trans_list: VIBUJOR
sense:
(mnemonic) An acronym used to remember the color sequence of the visible spectrum: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet.


lexentry: eng/Rtveli__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rtveli
trans_list: Rtvéli
sense:
A Georgian grape harvesting (vintage) festival, usually in autumn, that involves the entire process of picking grapes, making wine, and celebrating with a large, communal feast.


lexentry: eng/Rubenid__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rubenid
trans_list: roubénide | roupénide
sense:
Of or pertaining to the Rubenids: an Armenian dynasty who dominated parts of Cilicia, and who established the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia.


lexentry: eng/Rubicon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rubicon
trans_list: Rubicon
sense:
(historical) A small river in northeastern Italy which flowed into the Adriatic Sea marking the boundary between the Roman province of Gaul and the Roman heartland. Its crossing by Julius Caesar in 49 B.C.E. began a civil war.


lexentry: eng/Rubik's_cube__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rubik's cube
trans_list: Rubik's Cube | Cube de Rubik
sense:
A mechanical puzzle in the shape of a cube, all sides able to be rotated, each side divided into 9 squares, the moving pieces allowing the cube to be rearranged. The goal is to get the colored squares aligned so that each side of the cube is the same color.


lexentry: eng/Rudolph_the_Red-Nosed_Reindeer__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer
trans_list: Rudolphe le renne au nez rouge
sense:
A legendary reindeer with a nose that glows red, the subject of a comic Christmas song; often added among Santa Claus's reindeer as the leading one.


lexentry: eng/Rumpelstiltskin__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rumpelstiltskin
trans_list: Grigrigredinmenufretin | Nain Tracassin
sense:
A fairy tale about a dwarf who saves the miller’s daughter by spinning straw into gold in exchange for her first-born child, but is foiled when she guesses his name.


lexentry: eng/Ruritanian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ruritanian
trans_list: chimérique
sense:
Of or having the characteristics of adventure, romance, and intrigue, as in works of romantic fiction.


lexentry: eng/Ruritanian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Ruritanian
trans_list: Bordurie | Poldavie | Syldavie
sense:
Used to describe a fictitious and generic foreign government or person, used to state a general or hypothetical situation.


lexentry: eng/Rus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rus
trans_list: Rus | Rus'
sense:
A people made up of Scandinavian warrior merchants who travelled Eastern European river-roads from the eighth century, and whose settlements around Novgorod, Kiev/Kyiv and the Volga and Dnieper/Dnipro gave rise to the Rus' principalities. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/Rus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Rus
trans_list: Rous' | Rus' | Ruthénie
sense:
Kievan Rus, the medieval East Slavic state established by these same warrior merchants in the 9th century, whose capital was in Kiev.


lexentry: eng/Ruscism__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ruscism
trans_list: ruscisme
sense:
(politics, neologism, slang, derogatory) Russian fascism, Russianism, Great Russian chauvinism; the ideology of Russia, seen as fascism or as fascist.


lexentry: eng/Russenorsk__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Russenorsk
trans_list: russenorsk | russo-norvégien
sense:
An Arctic pidgin language combining elements of Russian and Norwegian, mainly used by traders in the nineteenth century.


lexentry: eng/Russia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Russia
trans_list: Russie
sense:
A transcontinental country in Eastern Europe and North Asia. Official name: Russian Federation. Capital and largest city: Moscow. It borders the Pacific and Arctic Oceans and the Baltic, Black, and Caspian Seas. Part of the Soviet Union from 1917 through 1991.


lexentry: eng/Russia_leather__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Russia leather
trans_list: youfte
sense:
A form of bark-tanned cow leather, made hard-wearing, flexible, and waterproof with the use of birch oil.


lexentry: eng/Russian_SFSR__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Russian SFSR
trans_list: RSFS de Russie
sense:
Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, the name for modern day Russia before the collapse of the Soviet Union (1917-1991).


lexentry: eng/Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic
trans_list: République socialiste fédérative soviétique de Russie
sense:
The official name for modern-day Russia under the Communist Party from 1936 to 1991 (from 1918 to 1937, according to the Constitution of the RSFSR, called the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic). Part of the USSR from 1922 to 1991.


lexentry: eng/Russian__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Russian
trans_list: Russe | russe
sense:
(countable) An ethnic Russian; a member of the East Slavic ethnic group which is native to, and constitutes the majority of the population of, Russia.


lexentry: eng/Russian_oven__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Russian oven
trans_list: petchka
sense:
A kind of oven/furnace that first appeared in the 15th century, used for both cooking and domestic heating in traditional Russian, Ukrainian and Belarusian households, and designed to retain heat for long periods of time by channeling the smoke and hot air of combustion through a labyrinth of passages.


lexentry: eng/Russian_roulette__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Russian roulette
trans_list: roulette russe
sense:
(idiomatic, games) A deadly game in which a person loads a single bullet in the cylinder of a revolver, spins the cylinder so that the bullet's location is unknown, points the muzzle at his/her head, and pulls the trigger. In its most lethal form, played by multiple participants each of whom takes a turn until the weapon discharges.


lexentry: eng/Russianism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Russianism
trans_list: russisme
sense:
(countable) A word or other feature originating in the Russian language that has been borrowed by another language.


lexentry: eng/Russophobia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Russophobia
trans_list: russophobie
sense:
Contempt or hatred towards Russia or Russians, especially the political system, or the customs of the former Soviet Union.


lexentry: eng/Russosphere__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Russosphere
trans_list: russosphère
sense:
Russia and other countries in its sphere of influence, including former territories under the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union.


lexentry: eng/Rusyn__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rusyn
trans_list: Rusin | Rusyn | Carpato-ruthène | Rusnak | Rusniak | Ruthène
sense:
A member of a people living in the eastern Carpathian Mountains, in part of western Ukraine, south-eastern Poland and north-eastern Slovakia.


lexentry: eng/Ruthenia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ruthenia
trans_list: Ruthénie
sense:
The territory between Central and Eastern Europe inhabited by Rusyns, on the slopes of the Carpathian Mountains in parts of Ukraine, Poland and Slovakia.


lexentry: eng/Ruthenia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Ruthenia
trans_list: Ruthénie
sense:
(historical) Lands inhabited by Ukrainians (Ruthenians) of the former Austrian Empire kingdom of Galicia (1772–1918), corresponding to parts of Western Ukraine.


lexentry: eng/Ruy_Lopez__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ruy Lopez
trans_list: partie espagnole
sense:
(chess) A common chess opening, an Open Game characterized by the moves 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5, in which White moves king's bishop to the fifth rank.


lexentry: eng/Ryan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Ryan
trans_list: Rayan | Ryan
sense:
A en given name رَيَّان. Sometimes written and pronounced as Ryan in English due to the phonetic similarity with the Arabic name.


lexentry: eng/Réunion__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Réunion
trans_list: Réunion | La Réunion
sense:
An island, overseas department, and administrative region of France, located in the Indian Ocean to the west of Mauritius and to the east of Madagascar.


lexentry: eng/S-train__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: S-train
trans_list: Réseau Express Régional
sense:
(chiefly in German-speaking countries and Copenhagen, Denmark) A commuter rail/metro system (generally overground) serving a metropolitan area; a train in such a system.


lexentry: eng/SIM_card__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: SIM card
trans_list: carte SIM
sense:
A small, removable card smaller than a credit card which stores mobile phone data such as contact names and numbers, SMSs and security information.


lexentry: eng/SNAFU__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: SNAFU
trans_list: bordel | merdier
sense:
A confused, muddled, or messed-up condition or state; a ridiculously chaotic situation; confusion or chaos regarded as the normal state.


lexentry: eng/SPCUM__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: SPCUM
trans_list: SPCUM
sense:
(law enforcement) the Montreal Urban Community police service (Service de police de la Communauté urbaine de Montréal, SPCUM) — replaced by the SPVM


lexentry: eng/SSBN__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: SSBN
trans_list: SNLE
sense:
(US, military, nautical) Sub-surface ballistic nuclear: a nuclear-powered submarine carrying and launching ballistic missiles armed with nuclear weapons.


lexentry: eng/SSHRC__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: SSHRC
trans_list: CRSH
sense:
Acronym of w:Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council, an arm's-length agency of the government of Canada which disburses academic grants and scholarships.


lexentry: eng/ST__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ST
trans_list: ST
sense:
To act as a game master (GM) in a tabletop role-playing game, especially any of the games produced by White Wolf.


lexentry: eng/Saba__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Saba
trans_list: Saba
sense:
An island, dependent territory, and special municipality of the Netherlands in the Caribbean, in the southern part off the west coast of Venezuela.


lexentry: eng/Sabah__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sabah
trans_list: maquereau
sense:
A state in eastern Malaysia located at the Northern part of the Borneo island with the main city Kota Kinabalu as its capital.


lexentry: eng/Sabbatarian__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sabbatarian
trans_list: sabbataire | sabbatiste
sense:
A person who regards and keeps the seventh day of the week ("Saturday", the Israelite or Jewish Sabbath) as holy in conformity with the fourth commandment of the Decalogue, such as an Orthodox Jew, Seventh-day Adventist, Seventh Day Baptist, a member of the Church of God (Seventh Day); a Sabbath-keeper, a Saturday-keeper.


lexentry: eng/Sabbatarian__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Sabbatarian
trans_list: sabbataire | sabbatiste
sense:
A person who regards and keeps the first day of the week as holy and often considers it as a replacement for the seventh-day Sabbath, a Sunday-keeper.


lexentry: eng/Sabbatarianism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sabbatarianism
trans_list: sabbatisme
sense:
The principles and practices of a Sabbatarian; the observance of the Sabbath, the keeping of the Sabbath.


lexentry: eng/Sabbath-day__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
sense: The day of the Sabbath; Saturday, the seventh day of the week.
written_rep: Sabbath-day
trans_list:
jour du Chabbat | jour du Sabbat | jour du Schabbat | jour du Shabbat | jour du chabbat | jour du sabbat


lexentry: eng/Sable_Island__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sable Island
trans_list: Île de Sable
sense:
An island of Nova Scotia, Canada. A small island and sand bar of Canada in the Atlantic Ocean to the southeast of Halifax, Nova Scotia, and in its jurisdiction.


lexentry: eng/Sachertorte__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sachertorte
trans_list: Sachertorte | tarte Sacher
sense:
A torte made of butter, eggs, confectioner's sugar, toasted breadcrumbs, spices, and chocolate, which is baked in layers, put together with apricot jam and finally frosted with chocolate.


lexentry: eng/Sadducee__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sadducee
trans_list: sadducéen
sense:
(historical) A member of an ancient Jewish sect possibly formed as a political party in the 2nd century BCE and existing until around the 1st century CE.


lexentry: eng/Safavid__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Safavid
trans_list: safavide
sense:
Relating to the Safavid dynasty, a Muslim dynasty which ruled Iran between the 16th and 18th centuries.


lexentry: eng/Sagitta__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sagitta
trans_list: Flèche
sense:
(constellation) A small autumn constellation of the northern sky, said to resemble an arrow. It lies between the constellations of Vulpecula and Aquila.


lexentry: eng/Sagittarius__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sagittarius
trans_list: Sagittaire
sense:
(zodiac constellations) A constellation of the zodiac supposedly shaped like a centaur who is an archer. It contains the stars Kaus Australis and Nunki.


lexentry: eng/Sagittarius__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Sagittarius
trans_list: Sagittaire
sense:
(astrology) The zodiac sign for the archer, ruled by Jupiter and covering November 23 - December 21 (tropical astrology) or December 16 - January 14 (sidereal astrology).


lexentry: eng/Saimaa_ringed_seal__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Saimaa ringed seal
trans_list: phoque marbré du lac Saimaa
sense:
A species of seal (Pusa saimensis), living only in Lake Saimaa in Finland, previously considered a subspecies of the ringed seal (Pusa hispida saimensis)


lexentry: eng/Saint-Tropez__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Saint-Tropez
trans_list: Saint-Tropez
sense:
A town, port and seaside resort on the French Riviera, in the Var department, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France.


lexentry: eng/Saint_Barbara__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Saint Barbara
trans_list: sainte Barbe
sense:
The patron of armourers, military engineers, gunsmiths, miners and anyone else who worked with cannon and explosives.


lexentry: eng/Saint_John__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Saint John
trans_list: Saint John
sense:
A port city in Saint John County, New Brunswick, Canada; named for St. John the Baptist. [From 1785]


lexentry: eng/Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Saint Kitts and Nevis
trans_list: Saint-Christophe-et-Niévès | Saint-Christophe-et-Nevis
sense:
A country comprising the islands of Saint Kitts and Nevis in the Caribbean. Official name: Federation of Saint Christopher and Nevis.


lexentry: eng/Saint_Martin__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Saint Martin
trans_list: Saint-Martin
sense:
An island in the northeast of the Caribbean Sea, whose northern portion is a dependent territory and overseas collectivity of France and whose southern portion is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands.


lexentry: eng/Saint_Michael__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Saint Michael
trans_list: saint Michel
sense:
Ellipsis of Town of Saint Michael, former name of Bridgetown: a city in Saint Michael parish, Barbados.


lexentry: eng/Saint_Nicholas__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Saint Nicholas
trans_list: saint Nicolas
sense:
(Christianity) A 4th-century Greek bishop from Myra, Anatolia, patron saint of children, mariners and the unwed among others, functioning in multiple countries as a gift-giving figure around his feast day of December 6.


lexentry: eng/Saint_Valentine's_Day__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Saint Valentine's Day
trans_list: Saint-Valentin
sense:
A holiday in remembrance of Saint Valentine, February 14th, celebrated by sending cards or similar tokens of love.


lexentry: eng/Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
trans_list: Saint-Vincent-et-Grenadines | Saint-Vincent-et-les-Grenadines
sense:
An archipelago and country in the Caribbean, comprising the islands of Saint Vincent and the island chain of the Grenadines.


lexentry: eng/Saintes__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Saintes
trans_list: Saintes
sense:
A city in Charente-Maritime department, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, southeastern France, the former capital of the Saintonge province.


lexentry: eng/Saintes__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: Saintes
trans_list: Saintes
sense:
(in the plural) A small French Caribbean island chain, the Îles des Saintes, in the Leeward Islands, a dependency of the department of Guadeloupe.


lexentry: eng/Saintonge__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Saintonge
trans_list: Saintonge
sense:
A former province of France, whose capital was Saintes; now part of the administrative region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine.


lexentry: eng/Saladin__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Saladin
trans_list: Saladin
sense:
(history) First sultan of Egypt and Syria and the founder of the Ayyubid dynasty, who led the Muslim opposition to the European Crusaders in the Levant.


lexentry: eng/Salafism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Salafism
trans_list: salafisme
sense:
(Islam) A movement comparing itself to Sunni Islam, claiming to taking the pious ancestors, the salaf of the patristic period of early Islam, as exemplary models.


lexentry: eng/Salamis__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Salamis
trans_list: Salamine
sense:
The largest island in the Saronic Gulf, near Athens, Greece, where a famous battle in the Persian Wars took place.


lexentry: eng/Salazarism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Salazarism
trans_list: salazarisme
sense:
(politics) the politics of António de Oliveira Salazar (1889–1970), prime minister and dictator of Portugal from 1932 to 1968, specially the authoritarian ones.


lexentry: eng/Salekhard__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Salekhard
trans_list: Salekhard
sense:
A town, the administrative center of Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug (Yamalia), Russia, located on the Arctic Circle and the Ob Region.


lexentry: eng/Salmanazar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Salmanazar
trans_list: salmanazar
sense:
A bottle of champagne or Burgundy wine containing 9 liters of fluid, twelve times the volume of a standard bottle.


lexentry: eng/Saluki__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Saluki
trans_list: lévrier persan | sloughi
sense:
An ancient sighthound breed of dog with a silky coat originating in the Middle East, once sacred to the Egyptians.


lexentry: eng/Salvation_Army__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Salvation Army
trans_list: Armée du salut
sense:
A Protestant Christian church and an international charitable organisation structured in a quasi-military fashion, originally founded to help the poor of London.


lexentry: eng/Samara__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Samara
trans_list: Samara
sense:
A city, the administrative center of Samara Oblast, Russia, the sixth-largest in the country by population.


lexentry: eng/Samaria__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Samaria
trans_list: Samarie
sense:
(historical) An ancient region of the region of Palestine, mostly in the northern part of the modern West Bank.


lexentry: eng/Samaritan__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Samaritan
trans_list: Samaritain | Samaritaine
sense:
A native, or inhabitant of Samaria; especially one practising certain ethnoreligious traditions indigenous to that region.


lexentry: eng/Samhain__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Samhain
trans_list: Samain
sense:
A holiday, falling on the night of 31 October to 1 November, celebrated by the ancient Celts and by modern neo-pagans as the beginning of winter and the new year, and a time during which the spirits of the dead could return to the earth.


lexentry: eng/Samoa__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Samoa
trans_list: Samoa
sense:
A country consisting of the western part of the Samoan archipelago in Polynesia, in Oceania. Official name: Independent State of Samoa. Capital and largest city: Apia. Formerly Western Samoa, and, before that, German Samoa. It is distinct from American Samoa.


lexentry: eng/Samos__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Samos
trans_list: Samos
sense:
A modern Greek prefecture in the eastern part of the Aegean that includes the island along with the islands of Icaria and Fourni.


lexentry: eng/Samoyed__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Samoyed
trans_list: Samoyède
sense:
(anthropology) A member of the Samoyedic peoples of the Siberian Urals, who speak Samoyedic languages.


lexentry: eng/Samoyedic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Samoyedic
trans_list: langues samoyèdes | samoyède
sense:
Any of a group of languages spoken in the Urals that, along with Finno-Ugric, make up the Uralic language group.


lexentry: eng/Samson__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Samson
trans_list: Samson
sense:
(biblical character) An Israelite judge in the Old Testament who performed feats of strength against the Philistines but was betrayed by Delilah his mistress.


lexentry: eng/San_Juan_Mountains__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: San Juan Mountains
trans_list: monts San Juan
sense:
A mountain range of the larger Rocky Mountains, spanning through southwestern Colorado and northwestern New Mexico.


lexentry: eng/San_Marino__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: San Marino
trans_list: Saint-Marin
sense:
A landlocked microstate in Southern Europe, located within the borders of Italy. Official name: Republic of San Marino.


lexentry: eng/San_Salvador__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: San Salvador
trans_list: San Salvador
sense:
(historical) A former province of El Salvador of the Spanish Empire and then of the United Provinces of Central America.


lexentry: eng/San_Sebastián__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: San Sebastián
trans_list: Saint-Sébastien
sense:
A coastal city and municipality, the capital of the province of Gipuzkoa in the Basque Country, northern Spain. Official name: Donostia / San Sebastián.


lexentry: eng/Sanctus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sanctus
trans_list: Sanctus
sense:
A prayer in Christian liturgy, beginning “Holy, holy, holy …” and typically said or sung as a hymn shortly before the anaphora.


lexentry: eng/Sanskrit__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sanskrit
trans_list: sanskrit | sanscrit
sense:
A classical Indo-European language of South Asia, which is the liturgical language of Hinduism, Buddhism, Sikhism, Jainism.


lexentry: eng/Santa's_workshop__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Santa's workshop
trans_list: atelier du Père Noël
sense:
A fanciful replica of this structure, temporarily erected in a retail store, shopping mall, or other public venue at Christmastime as an attraction for children and parents.


lexentry: eng/Santo_Domingo__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Santo Domingo
trans_list: Saint-Domingue
sense:
(historical) The Spanish-colonized portion of the island of Hispaniola, which later became the Dominican Republic, especially as contrasted with Saint-Domingue, the French-controlled portion.


lexentry: eng/Sapir-Whorf_hypothesis__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sapir-Whorf hypothesis
trans_list: hypothèse Sapir-Whorf | hypothèse de Sapir-Whorf
sense:
(linguistics) The hypothesis that the structure of a language affects its speakers' worldview or cognition.


lexentry: eng/Sappho__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sappho
trans_list: Sappho
sense:
An Ancient Greek female name, particularly borne by a poetess from Lesbos who lived between 630 and 570 BC (exact dates unknown).


lexentry: eng/Saracen__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Saracen
trans_list: Sarrasin | Sarrazin
sense:
A member of a nomadic people from the Sinai near the Roman province of Arabia in the early centuries CE, who were specifically distinct from Arabs.


lexentry: eng/Sarandë__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sarandë
trans_list: Saranda
sense:
A coastal town in extreme southern Albania that is an important tourist attraction due to its coastal access and Mediterranean climate, located at the southern end of the Albanian Riviera on a slope by a gulf of the Ionian Sea 14 km east of the island of Corfu's northern end; it is the seat of its eponymous municipality and municipal unit.


lexentry: eng/Saratov__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Saratov
trans_list: Saratov
sense:
A city, the administrative center of Saratov Oblast, Volga Region, Volga Federal District, European Russia, Russia.


lexentry: eng/Sargon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sargon
trans_list: Sargon
sense:
An Akkadian emperor famous for his conquest of the Sumerian city-states in the 24th and 23rd centuries BCE.


lexentry: eng/Sark__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Sark
trans_list: Sercq
sense:
A minor river in Dumfries and Galloway council area and Cumbria, forming part of the border between Scotland and England, which flows into the tidal Esk at Gretna; in full, the River Sark.


lexentry: eng/Sarmatia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sarmatia
trans_list: Sarmatie
sense:
(historical) An ill-defined ancient geographic region of Eastern Europe occupied by the nomadic Sarmatians, generally considered to include modern Ukraine, southern Russia, Belarus, parts of Lithuania as well as Poland as far west as the Vistula River.


lexentry: eng/Sarmatism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sarmatism
trans_list: sarmatisme
sense:
(historical) The belief that the people of the Polish Commonwealth descended from the ancient Sarmatians, the legendary invaders of Slavic lands in antiquity.


lexentry: eng/Sarthe__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Sarthe
trans_list: Sarthe
sense:
A right tributary of the Loire in northwestern France, flowing through the departments of Orne, Sarthe and Maine-et-Loire.


lexentry: eng/Saskatoon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Saskatoon
trans_list: Saskatoon
sense:
The largest city in Saskatchewan, Canada (2016 census: 246,376 (city); 295,095 (metro)), located on the South Saskatchewan River.


lexentry: eng/Sassarese__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sassarese
trans_list: sassarais | sassarien
sense:
A Romance lect, transitional between Corsican and Sardinian, spoken in the province of Sassari, Sardinia, Italy.


lexentry: eng/Satan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Satan
trans_list: Satan
sense:
(religion) The supreme evil spirit in the Abrahamic religions, who tempts humanity into sin; the Devil; (Theistic Satanism) the same figure, regarded as a deity to be revered and worshipped.


lexentry: eng/Satanism__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Satanism
trans_list: satanisme
sense:
A profession, philosophy, or ideological construct featuring a positive, admirable, or useful association to the figure, character or entity known as 'Satan'; or, featuring opposition to all morality and the procurement of what is wanted regardless of the consequences concerning others.


lexentry: eng/Satanist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Satanist
trans_list: sataniste
sense:
One who identifies with Anton Szandor LaVey's philosophical teachings and the religion, Satanism, founded upon it.


lexentry: eng/Saterland_Frisian__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Saterland Frisian
trans_list: frison oriental
sense:
a Frisian language spoken mostly in the municipality of Saterland in the district of Cloppenburg, in Lower Saxony, Germany


lexentry: eng/Saturday__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Saturday
trans_list: samedi
sense:
The seventh day of the week in many religious traditions, and the sixth day of the week in systems using the ISO 8601 norm; the Jewish Sabbath; it follows Friday and precedes Sunday.


lexentry: eng/Saturn__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Saturn
trans_list: Saturne
sense:
(astronomy) The sixth planet of the solar system, known for its large rings, and until recent times the furthest known; represented in astronomy and astrology by ♄.


lexentry: eng/Sauer__Proper_noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sauer
trans_list: Sûre
sense:
A river in Europe that flows for 173 km (103 mi) through Belgium, Luxembourg and Germany; it empties into the Moselle near Wasserbillig.


lexentry: eng/Save__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Save
trans_list: Savé
sense:
A river in southeastern Africa that flows about 400 km (250 mi) from south of Harare in Zimbabwe, through Mozambique, to the Indian Ocean.


lexentry: eng/Save__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Save
trans_list: Save
sense:
A river in southern France that flows about 143 km (89 mi) from the Pyrenees to the Garonne at Grenade.


lexentry: eng/Savi's_warbler__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Savi's warbler
trans_list: locustelle luscinioïde
sense:
Locustella luscinioides, an Old World warbler, found in parts of Europe, Western Asia, and sub-Saharan Africa.


lexentry: eng/Savoy__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Savoy
trans_list: Savoie
sense:
(historical) A historical region shared between the modern countries of France, Italy and Switzerland.


lexentry: eng/Savoy__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Savoy
trans_list: Savoie
sense:
(historical) A former duchy existing from 1416 to 1847, whose maximal extent included parts of modern southeastern France, northwestern Italy, and southwestern Switzerland; in full, Duchy of Savoy.


lexentry: eng/Saxony-Anhalt__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Saxony-Anhalt
trans_list: Saxe-Anhalt
sense:
One of the component states of Germany according to the current administrative division of the nation. Its capital is Magdeburg.


lexentry: eng/Saxony__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Saxony
trans_list: Saxe
sense:
A state of modern Germany, located in the east, far from historical Saxon lands. Official name: Free State of Saxony.


lexentry: eng/Scandinavia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Scandinavia
trans_list: Scandinavie
sense:
A geographic region of Northern Europe, consisting of Denmark, Norway, and Sweden collectively and sometimes Finland, Iceland, Åland and the Faroe Islands.


lexentry: eng/Scandinavian_Peninsula__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Scandinavian Peninsula
trans_list: péninsule Scandinave | Scandinavie
sense:
A peninsula comprising the mainlands of Norway and Sweden, and the northwestern part of Finland (compared to Fennoscandia which comprises all the three countries Norway, Sweden and Finland); the largest peninsula in Europe (with an area of three-quarter million square kilometres).


lexentry: eng/Scandinavian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Scandinavian
trans_list: scandinave
sense:
(of a language) Of or relating to the North Germanic family of languages to which Swedish, Norwegian (Bokmål, Nynorsk), Danish, Icelandic, and Faeroese belong.


lexentry: eng/Scandinavian_mile__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Scandinavian mile
trans_list: mille
sense:
A Scandinavian unit of distance of 10 kilometers. Standardized to 10,688.54 meters in 1649, before being defined as 10 km in 1889.


lexentry: eng/Scania__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Scania
trans_list: Scanie
sense:
A former province, historical region, and peninsula in Sweden, roughly coterminous with Skåne County and occupying the southern tip of the Scandinavian Peninsula.


lexentry: eng/Scarborough__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Scarborough
trans_list: Scarborough
sense:
The Borough of Scarborough, a former local government district in North Yorkshire, abolished without replacement in 2023.


lexentry: eng/Scheherazade__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Scheherazade
trans_list: Shéhérazade
sense:
A fictional character, the wife and storyteller of the king Shahryar in One Thousand and One Nights.


lexentry: eng/Schengen_Area__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Schengen Area
trans_list: espace Schengen
sense:
(European politics) The group of European countries that have signed the Schengen Agreement, abolishing border controls between each other.


lexentry: eng/Schlegel_diagram__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Schlegel diagram
trans_list: diagramme de Schlegel
sense:
(geometry) A projection of a polytope from n-dimensional space to n-1 dimensions through a point beyond one of its faces; especially such a projection (itself represented in 2 dimensions) of a 3- or 4-dimensional polytope.


lexentry: eng/Schlemm's_canal__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Schlemm's canal
trans_list: canal de Schlemm
sense:
(anatomy) a circular channel in the eye that collects aqueous humour from the anterior chamber and delivers it into the bloodstream; if it is blocked, a glaucoma results


lexentry: eng/Schleswig-Holstein__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Schleswig-Holstein
trans_list: Schleswig-Holstein
sense:
One of the component states of Germany according to the current administrative division of the nation.


lexentry: eng/Schleswig__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Schleswig
trans_list: Schleswig
sense:
A geographic area and former Danish duchy in Northern Europe, located on the southern Jutland peninsula between the rivers Eider and Kongeå; now politically divided between Denmark and Germany.


lexentry: eng/Schopenhauerian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Schopenhauerian
trans_list: schopenhauerien | schopenhauérien
sense:
Of or relating to Arthur Schopenhauer (1788–1860), German philosopher known for his pessimism and clarity.


lexentry: eng/Schrödinger's_cat__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Schrödinger's cat
trans_list: chat de Schrödinger
sense:
The thought experiment which was devised by Erwin Schrödinger, is usually considered a paradox, involves a Schrödinger's cat and is typically supposed to be analysed from the point of view of quantum mechanics.


lexentry: eng/Scientologist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Scientologist
trans_list: scientologue
sense:
A follower of Scientology, whether belonging to the "official" Church of Scientology or being outside in the so-called Free Zone.


lexentry: eng/Scientology__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Scientology
trans_list: scientologie
sense:
A belief system with certain religious aspects, developed in 1952, focused on the teachings of L. Ron Hubbard.


lexentry: eng/Scorpio__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Scorpio
trans_list: Scorpion
sense:
(astrology) The zodiac sign for the scorpion, ruled by Mars and covering October 23 - November 22 (tropical astrology) or November 16 - December 15 (sidereal astrology).


lexentry: eng/Scorpius__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Scorpius
trans_list: Scorpion
sense:
(constellation) A constellation of the zodiac, roughly shaped like a scorpion. Its brightest star is the red giant Antares.


lexentry: eng/Scotland_Yard__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Scotland Yard
trans_list: Scotland Yard
sense:
(UK) The headquarters of the Criminal Investigation Department of the London Metropolitan Police Force.


lexentry: eng/Scots__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Scots
trans_list: écossais | scots
sense:
A Germanic language closely related to English and descended from northern dialects of Middle English, spoken in parts of Scotland, now especially in the northeastern and southern regions of the country.


lexentry: eng/Scottish_crossbill__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Scottish crossbill
trans_list: bec-croisé d'Écosse
sense:
Loxia scotica, a small passerine bird in the finch family Fringillidae. It is endemic to the Caledonian Forests of Scotland


lexentry: eng/Scouts__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Scouts
trans_list: scoutisme | scouts
sense:
A worldwide youth movement with the aim of supporting young people in their physical, mental and spiritual development, so that they may play a constructive role in the society [1].


lexentry: eng/Scrabble__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Scrabble
trans_list: Scrabble
sense:
A board game in which players draw letter tiles and take turns to make interlocking words like a crossword, scoring points according to the letters played and their positions on the board.


lexentry: eng/Sculptor__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sculptor
trans_list: Sculpteur
sense:
(constellation) A dim spring constellation of the southern sky. It lies between Aquarius and Phoenix and lies in the direction of the southern pole of the Milky Way.


lexentry: eng/Scutum__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Scutum
trans_list: Écu de Sobieski
sense:
(constellation) A small autumn constellation of the northern sky, said to resemble a shield. It lies between the constellations of Aquila, Sagittarius, and the tail of Serpens.


lexentry: eng/Scylla__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Scylla
trans_list: Scylla
sense:
A dangerous rock on the Italian coast opposite the whirlpool Charybdis on the coast of Sicily. The passage between Scylla and Charybdis was formerly considered perilous; hence, the saying between Scylla and Charybdis signifies a great peril on either hand.


lexentry: eng/Scythia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Scythia
trans_list: Scythie
sense:
(historical) A geographic region encompassing the Pontic-Caspian steppe in Eastern Europe and Central Asia, inhabited by nomadic Scythians from at least the 11th century BCE to the 2nd century CE.


lexentry: eng/Sea_Peoples__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sea Peoples
trans_list: Peuples de la mer
sense:
(historical) A confederacy of seafaring raiders of unknown nationality who invaded the eastern Mediterranean at the end of the Bronze Age.


lexentry: eng/Sea_of_Azov__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sea of Azov
trans_list: mer d'Azov | mer d’Azov
sense:
A very shallow sea bounded by Russia, Ukraine, and the Crimean peninsula, linked to the Black Sea by the Strait of Kerch.


lexentry: eng/Sea_of_Marmara__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sea of Marmara
trans_list: mer de Marmara | Mer de Marmara
sense:
A deep inland sea in north-western Turkey connecting the Black Sea to the Aegean Sea via the straits of Bosphorus and Dardanelles.


lexentry: eng/Sea_of_Okhotsk__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sea of Okhotsk
trans_list: mer d'Okhotsk
sense:
A sea between the Kamchatka Peninsula on the east, the Kuril Islands on the southeast, the island of Hokkaidō to the far south, the island of Sakhalin along the west, and a long stretch of eastern Siberian coast along the west and north.


lexentry: eng/Sealand__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Sealand
trans_list: Sealand | principauté de Sealand
sense:
A hamlet and community in Flintshire, Wales, close to Chester in England (OS grid ref SJ3568). It is on land reclaimed from the sea on the Chester side of the River Dee.


lexentry: eng/Sebastia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sebastia
trans_list: Sebastia
sense:
A village in Nablus Governorate, West Bank, Palestine; the former capital of the Kingdom of Israel; formerly, Samaria (archeological site).


lexentry: eng/Second_Republic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Second Republic
trans_list: Deuxième République
sense:
Ellipsis of w:French Second Republic (1848–1852), established after the February Revolution of 1848.


lexentry: eng/Second_World__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Second World
trans_list: est
sense:
Those countries aligned with the East during the Cold War, particularly in contrast to those aligned with the West (First World).


lexentry: eng/Segorbe__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Segorbe
trans_list: Segorbe
sense:
A municipality in the province of Castellón, Spain; famous for its semana de Toros – “bull-running week” – held every September.


lexentry: eng/Seleucid__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Seleucid
trans_list: séleucide
sense:
Relating to the Greek-Macedonian dynasty which ruled (312–63 BCE) an empire created by Seleucus out of the eastern conquests of Alexander the Great.


lexentry: eng/Seljuk__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Seljuk
trans_list: saljuqide | saljûqide | seldjoukide
sense:
Of or related to Seljuk, to his dynasty, to their empire in southwestern Asia, or to the period of their rule from the 11th–14th centuries.


lexentry: eng/Seljuk__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Seljuk
trans_list: Saljuq
sense:
Seljuk Bey, the legendary founder of an Oghuz Turk dynasty that ruled an eponymous Sunni Muslim empire in Southwest Asia and numerous successor states, particularly in Anatolia.


lexentry: eng/Semirechye__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Semirechye
trans_list: Jetyssou
sense:
(historical) An oblast (province) of the Russian Empire corresponding to most of present-day southeastern Kazakhstan and northeastern Kyrgyzstan.


lexentry: eng/Semite__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Semite
trans_list: sémite
sense:
A member of any of a number of peoples of ancient southwestern Asia and East Africa such as the Akkadians, Assyrians, Arameans, Phoenicians, Canaanites, Hebrews, Arabs, or Aksumites.


lexentry: eng/Semitism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Semitism
trans_list: sémitisme
sense:
(countable) A word or phrase (construction or idiom) typical of or influenced by a Semitic language such as Arabic, Aramaic or Hebrew.


lexentry: eng/Senate__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Senate
trans_list: Sénat | sénat
sense:
Any of several legislative bodies. (In countries which have multiple legislative bodies, the Senate is often the more senior.)


lexentry: eng/Seneca__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Seneca
trans_list: Sénèque
sense:
A Roman cognomen, notably borne by Lucius Annaeus Seneca, a Roman stoic philosopher, dramatist, and statesman.


lexentry: eng/Senkaku_Islands__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Senkaku Islands
trans_list: Îles Senkaku | îles Diaoyutai
sense:
A chain of islands in the Sakishima islands of Ishigaki, Okinawa prefecture, Japan, in the East China Sea (claimed by China and Toucheng Township, Yilan County, Taiwan (ROC)).


lexentry: eng/Seoul__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Seoul
trans_list: Séoul
sense:
The capital city of South Korea, also the historical capital of Korea from 1394 until the country was divided in 1945.


lexentry: eng/September__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: September
trans_list: septembre
sense:
The ninth month of the Gregorian calendar, following August and preceding October, containing the southward equinox.


lexentry: eng/Septimania__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Septimania
trans_list: Septimanie
sense:
(historical) The western region of the Roman province of Gallia Narbonensis (modern-day south France) that passed under the control of the Visigoths in 462, when it was ceded to their king, Theodoric II.


lexentry: eng/Septuagint__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Septuagint
trans_list: Septante
sense:
(bible) An influential Greek translation of the Hebrew Bible produced in Alexandria in the 3rd and 2nd centuries BC.


lexentry: eng/Serapis__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Serapis
trans_list: Sérapis
sense:
A Graeco-Egyptian god devised during the 3rd century BC as a means to unify the Greeks and Egyptians in the realm of Ptolemy I.


lexentry: eng/Serbia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Serbia
trans_list: Serbie
sense:
A country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe. Official name: Republic of Serbia. Capital and largest city: Belgrade. Part of Yugoslavia until 1992, then part of Serbia and Montenegro until 2006.


lexentry: eng/Serbia_and_Montenegro__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Serbia and Montenegro
trans_list: Serbie-et-Monténégro
sense:
(historical) A former country in Southeast Europe on the Balkan Peninsula, existing from 1992 to 2006, previously part of Yugoslavia; composed of modern Serbia and Montenegro and known until 2003 as the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.


lexentry: eng/Serbo-Croatian__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Serbo-Croatian
trans_list: serbo-croate
sense:
The South Slavic language of which Bosnian, Croatian, Montenegrin and Serbian are literary standards.


lexentry: eng/Serpens__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Serpens
trans_list: Serpent
sense:
(constellation) A large summer constellation of the northern sky said to resemble a snake. It is the only constellation consisting of two parts (Serpens Caput and Serpens Cauda) separated by the constellation Ophiuchus, representing the snake handler Asclepius.


lexentry: eng/Set__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Set
trans_list: Seth
sense:
(Egyptian god) An ancient Egyptian god, variously described as the god of chaos, the god of thunder and storms, or the god of destruction.


lexentry: eng/Sevastopol__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sevastopol
trans_list: Sébastopol | Sévastopol
sense:
A port city in Crimea, internationally recognized as part of Ukraine but de facto in Russia. It is the base of the Black Sea Fleet.


lexentry: eng/Seven_Sages__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Seven Sages
trans_list: Sept sages
sense:
(historical) Seven Ancient Greek men renowned for their wisdom: Thales, Solon, Periander, Cleobulus, Chilon, Bias, and Pittacus.


lexentry: eng/Sexagesima__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sexagesima
trans_list: Sexagésime
sense:
(Christianity) In the Christian calendar the Sunday two weeks before Lent, eight before Easter Sunday.


lexentry: eng/Sextans__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sextans
trans_list: Sextant
sense:
(constellation) A dim spring constellation of the northern sky, said to resemble a sextant. It lies south of the constellation of Leo.


lexentry: eng/Seychelles__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Seychelles
trans_list: Seychelles
sense:
An archipelago and country in East Africa, in the Indian Ocean. Official name: Republic of Seychelles.


lexentry: eng/Shakespeare__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Shakespeare
trans_list: Shakespeare
sense:
William Shakespeare, an English playwright and poet of the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries.


lexentry: eng/Shakespearean__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Shakespearean
trans_list: shakespearien
sense:
(literature) Of or pertaining to, characteristic of, associated with, or suggestive of William Shakespeare (an English playwright), his works, or his authorship, or the time in which he lived.


lexentry: eng/Shakespearean_sonnet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Shakespearean sonnet
trans_list: sonnet anglais | sonnet shakespearien
sense:
(poetry) A sonnet comprising three quatrains and a final couplet, in iambic pentameter with the rhyme scheme of abab cdcd efef gg.


lexentry: eng/Shan__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Shan
trans_list: Shans
sense:
A member of a people living primarily in the Shan State of Myanmar (also known as Burma), and in adjacent areas of China, Thailand, Cambodia and Vietnam, with about 6 million people.


lexentry: eng/Shangri-La__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Shangri-La
trans_list: Shangri-La
sense:
A place of complete bliss, delight, and peace, especially one seen as an escape from ordinary life; a paradise.


lexentry: eng/Shaoxing__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Shaoxing
trans_list: Shaoxing
sense:
A prefecture-level city in eastern Zhejiang, China, along the southern shore of Hangzhou Bay, the site of the former capitals of the Yue kingdom and Kuaiji Commandery.


lexentry: eng/Shavuot__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Shavuot
trans_list: Chavouot
sense:
A Jewish harvest festival which falls on the sixth day of Sivan in the spring, fifty days after the second day of the Passover when the omer is offered.


lexentry: eng/Sheba__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sheba
trans_list: Royaume de Saba
sense:
(biblical) A former kingdom in the Red Sea region. An ancient kingdom in Arabia or possibly in Africa. Frequently equated with ancient Saba.


lexentry: eng/Sheffield_stand__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sheffield stand
trans_list: agrafe
sense:
A type of bicycle stand consisting of a single inverted U-shaped metal bar that is mounted onto or embedded into the ground.


lexentry: eng/Sherlockian__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sherlockian
trans_list: sherlockien
sense:
A Sherlock Holmes scholar or fan; one who studies and/or appreciates the works of Sir Arthur Conan Doyle.


lexentry: eng/Sherman_necktie__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sherman necktie
trans_list: cravate de Sherman
sense:
(US, rail transport, historical, chiefly, in the plural) A segment of rail that has been heated and twisted into a loop, as a means of destroying a railway.


lexentry: eng/Sherpa__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sherpa
trans_list: Sherpa
sense:
A member of a particular Himalayan ethnic group living in Nepal and Tibet, known especially as mountaineers.


lexentry: eng/Shetland_Islands__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Shetland Islands
trans_list: Shetland
sense:
An archipelago and council area of Scotland, roughly north-east of the Orkney Islands; the northernmost part of Scotland and the United Kingdom.


lexentry: eng/Shinto__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Shinto
trans_list: shinto | shintoïsme
sense:
Formerly the state religion of Japan, a type of animism involving the worship of ancestors and nature spirits.


lexentry: eng/Shiraz__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Shiraz
trans_list: Chiraz
sense:
A city in Iran, the seat of Shiraz County's Central District and the capital of Fars Province, near the remains of Persepolis.


lexentry: eng/Shirvan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Shirvan
trans_list: Chirvan
sense:
A historical region of the eastern Caucasus, historically Persian and now in the Republic of Azerbaijan.


lexentry: eng/Shiva__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Shiva
trans_list: Shiva
sense:
(Hinduism) The god of destruction and transformation, and together with Brahma and Vishnu, one of the principal deities in Hinduism. Within Shaivism he is viewed as the Supreme deity, whereas in other branches of Hinduism such as the Smarta tradition he is worshipped as one of the six manifestations of the Divine.


lexentry: eng/Shrovetide__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Shrovetide
trans_list: Mardi Gras
sense:
The three days immediately preceding Lent; Shrove Sunday, Shrove Monday, and Shrove Tuesday, preceding Ash Wednesday.


lexentry: eng/Siamese_cat__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Siamese cat
trans_list: chat siamois | siamois
sense:
A short-haired breed of domestic cat having blue eyes and pointed coat pattern, that is, a pale body and dark extremities.


lexentry: eng/Siberian_Husky__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Siberian Husky
trans_list: husky de Sibérie | husky sibérien
sense:
(zoology) A medium-sized spitz breed of dog originally used for herding reindeer and pulling sleighs.


lexentry: eng/Siberian_crane__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Siberian crane
trans_list: grue de Sibérie
sense:
(ornithology) A large white crane, Grus leucogeranus, which breeds in Arctic Russia and western Siberia.


lexentry: eng/Siberian_elm__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Siberian elm
trans_list: orme de Sibérie
sense:
A medium-sized bushy tree, of species Ulmus pumila, native to northern and eastern Asia, naturalized in most of North America.


lexentry: eng/Sichuan_pepper__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sichuan pepper
trans_list: poivre du Sichuan
sense:
(countable, uncountable) The outer pod of the tiny fruit of a number of species in the genus Zanthoxylum widely grown and consumed in Asia as a spice. Not closely related to black pepper or to chilli peppers.


lexentry: eng/Sicilian_Defence__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sicilian Defence
trans_list: défense sicilienne
sense:
A chess opening characterized by the moves 1.e4 c5, in which both the white king's pawn and the black king's bishop's pawn advance two squares as the first moves.


lexentry: eng/Sicilian_Vespers__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sicilian Vespers
trans_list: Vêpres siciliennes
sense:
A rebellion on the island of Sicily, against the rule of Charles I of Anjou, that began at Easter, 1282.


lexentry: eng/Sicily__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sicily
trans_list: Sicile
sense:
The largest island in the Mediterranean Sea, an autonomous region of Italy, close to Africa and separated from Tunisia and Libya by the Strait of Sicily.


lexentry: eng/Sierpinski_triangle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sierpinski triangle
trans_list: triangle de Sierpiński
sense:
A fractal consisting of three copies of itself, shrunk to half size, arranged in a triangular shape without rotating.


lexentry: eng/Sierra_Leonean__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
sense: From or of Sierra Leone.
written_rep: Sierra Leonean
trans_list:
sierra-léonais | sierra-léonaise | sierra-léonien | sierra-léonienne | sierraléonais | sierraléonaise


lexentry: eng/Sierra_Leonean__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
sense: A native or inhabitant of Sierra Leone.
written_rep: Sierra Leonean
trans_list:
Sierra-Léonais | Sierra-Léonien | Sierraléonais | Sierra-Léonaise | Sierra-Léonienne | Sierraléonaise


lexentry: eng/Sikhism__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sikhism
trans_list: sikhisme
sense:
A revealed, monotheistic religion originating in northern India, in the 15th century, through Guru Nanak and his successors.


lexentry: eng/Silesia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Silesia
trans_list: Silésie
sense:
A cultural region of Central Europe, now chiefly in Poland, with small portions in the Czech Republic and Germany, from early modernity until 1945 predominantly German-speaking with Slavic-speaking minorities (and local majorities).


lexentry: eng/Silesian__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Silesian
trans_list: silésien
sense:
(uncountable) Upper Silesian, a West Slavic language spoken in southwestern parts of Poland and the Czech Republic.


lexentry: eng/Silicon_Valley__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Silicon Valley
trans_list: Silicon Valley | Vallée du Silicium
sense:
(informal) Originally, the region of the San Francisco Bay Area in which there were a high number of industries producing silicon chips; later extended to mean the entire concentration of high-tech businesses in this area.


lexentry: eng/Silk_Road__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Silk Road
trans_list: route de la soie
sense:
(historical) An extensive interconnected network of trade routes across Asia, North and Northeast Africa, and Europe, historically used by silk traders.


lexentry: eng/Silla__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Silla
trans_list: Silla
sense:
An ancient kingdom in modern Korea, one of the Three Kingdoms, existing from 57 BCE to 935 CE; at its maximum covering all of modern South Korea and most of modern North Korea.


lexentry: eng/Simbirsk__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Simbirsk
trans_list: Simbirsk
sense:
(historical) Former name of Ulyanovsk (till 1924), the birthplace of Vladimir Lenin (born Vladimir Ulyanov).


lexentry: eng/Simferopol__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Simferopol
trans_list: Simferopol
sense:
The capital city and raion of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, Ukraine and capital city of the Republic of Crimea, Russia.


lexentry: eng/Simon_says__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Simon says
trans_list: Jacques a dit | Jean dit
sense:
(games) A children's game where players must carry out only those commands that are preceded by the utterance "Simon says".


lexentry: eng/Simplified_Chinese__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Simplified Chinese
trans_list: caractère chinois simplifié | caractère simplifié | chinois simplifié | sinogramme simplifié
sense:
Chinese written using the forms of Chinese characters introduced by the People's Republic of China as script reform. The characters are simplified (with a reduced number of strokes, etc.) compared to their pre-reform shapes.


lexentry: eng/Sinai__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Sinai
trans_list: Sinaï
sense:
A mountain in Sinai Peninsula; the location where Moses is said to have received the Ten Commandments from God.


lexentry: eng/Sinbad__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sinbad
trans_list: Sinbad
sense:
(fiction) A fictional sailor, the hero of a story-cycle of Middle Eastern origin, who encountered monsters and magic while travelling the seas east of Africa and south of Asia.


lexentry: eng/Sindh__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sindh
trans_list: Sind
sense:
A populated province in southeastern Pakistan, notably the region in which the ancient Indus Valley Civilisation flourished. Capital: Karachi.


lexentry: eng/Sindhi__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sindhi
trans_list: sindhi
sense:
An Indo-Aryan language spoken in four main dialects in Pakistan and India. There are around 35 million Sindhi speakers in Sindh سنڌ and more than 40 million throughout the world. Sindhi is written with a modified Arabic script that has 52 letters, and in a modified Devanagari script too.


lexentry: eng/Singapore__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Singapore
trans_list: Singapour
sense:
An island and city-state in Southeast Asia, located off the southernmost tip of the Malay Peninsula; a former British crown colony and state of Malaysia (1963-1965). Official name: Republic of Singapore.


lexentry: eng/Singlish__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Singlish
trans_list: singlish
sense:
(Singapore, linguistics) A highly colloquial or basilectal variety of Singapore English incorporating much Hokkien and Malay lexis.


lexentry: eng/Sinhalese__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sinhalese
trans_list: cinghalais
sense:
Of or pertaining to the majority ethnic group of Sri Lanka, their Indo-Aryan language, or their culture.


lexentry: eng/Sino-Korean__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Sino-Korean
trans_list: sino-coréen
sense:
(specifically, linguistics, of a Korean word) Etymologically borrowed or otherwise derived from an eighth-century dialect of Middle Chinese which greatly influenced the Korean language.


lexentry: eng/Sino-Xenic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sino-Xenic
trans_list: sinoxénique
sense:
(linguistics) Related to pronunciations for reading Chinese in Japan, Korea and Vietnam, originating in medieval times and the source of large-scale borrowings of Chinese words into Japonic, Koreanic and Vietnamese languages, none of which are genetically related to Chinese (excluding Sinitic topolects).


lexentry: eng/Sinocentrism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sinocentrism
trans_list: sinocentrisme
sense:
(historical) The belief, held by the ancient Chinese, that China was literally the centre of the world.


lexentry: eng/Sinophone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sinophone
trans_list: sinophone
sense:
A person who speaks one or more of the Sinitic or Chinese language(s), usually natively; a Chinese-speaking person.


lexentry: eng/Sint_Eustatius__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sint Eustatius
trans_list: Saint-Eustache
sense:
A dependent territory and special municipality of the Netherlands; an island in the northern Leeward Islands portion of the West Indies in the Caribbean.


lexentry: eng/Sint_Maarten__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sint Maarten
trans_list: Saint-Martin
sense:
A dependent territory and constituent country of the Netherlands, located on the southern half of the island of Saint Martin in the Caribbean Sea. Capital: Philipsburg.


lexentry: eng/Sisyphus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sisyphus
trans_list: Sisyphe
sense:
(Greek mythology) Son of Aeolus and Enarete, and king of Ephyra, as tragic figure doomed eternally to roll a boulder up a hill in Tartarus, a part of Hades.


lexentry: eng/Six_Nations__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Six Nations
trans_list: Six Nations
sense:
(Europe, rugby union) Ellipsis of w:Six Nations Championship (an annual rugby union tournament between the nations of Italy, France, England, Wales, Ireland and Scotland, the successor to the Five Nations tournament.)


lexentry: eng/Sjögren's_syndrome__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sjögren's syndrome
trans_list: syndrome de Gougerot-Sjögren
sense:
An autoimmune disorder in which immune cells attack and destroy the exocrine glands that produce tears and saliva.


lexentry: eng/Skagerrak__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Skagerrak
trans_list: Skagerrak
sense:
The marine passage between Norway and Denmark, formerly also including the passage between Sweden and Denmark, comprising the Kattegat.


lexentry: eng/Skopos_theory__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Skopos theory
trans_list: théorie du skopos
sense:
(translation studies) The idea that translating and interpreting should primarily take into account the function of both the source and target text.


lexentry: eng/Slave_River__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Slave River
trans_list: Rivière des Esclaves
sense:
A river flowing north between Alberta and the Northwest Territories, Canada, emptying into Great Slave Lake.


lexentry: eng/Slavey__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Slavey
trans_list: Esclave
sense:
A member of an Athabascan First Nations people indigenous to the region near the Great Slave Lake in western Canada


lexentry: eng/Slavic_studies__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Slavic studies
trans_list: slavistique
sense:
(humanities, US) A field of academic study concerned with Slavic areas, Slavic languages, literature, history, and culture.


lexentry: eng/Slavism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Slavism
trans_list: slavisme
sense:
(countable) A linguistic feature of one or more Slavic languages, especially a Slavic idiom or phrasing that appears in a non-Slavic language.


lexentry: eng/Slavonia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Slavonia
trans_list: Slavonie
sense:
In early modern times: Kingdom of Slavonia, covering north-eastern parts of modern Croatia and region of Syrmia in modern Serbia.


lexentry: eng/Slavophilia__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Slavophilia
trans_list: slavophilie | slavophilisme
sense:
An ideological commitment to maintaining traditional Slavic culture and values and resisting non-Slavic influences (as first formulated in 19th-century imperial Russia).


lexentry: eng/Sleeping_Beauty__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Sleeping Beauty
trans_list: Belle au bois dormant | La Belle au bois dormant
sense:
The main character in this story, who is in unbroken slumber under a magical spell, awaiting the kiss of a prince.


lexentry: eng/Slinky__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Slinky
trans_list: Ondamania | Slinky
sense:
A toy in the form of a loose metal (originally) or plastic spring that can be made to "walk" down stairs as its coils separate and close up.


lexentry: eng/Slovenia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Slovenia
trans_list: Slovénie
sense:
A country on the Balkan Peninsula in Central Europe. Official name: Republic of Slovenia. Capital and largest city: Ljubljana. Part of Yugoslavia until 1991.


lexentry: eng/Slovio__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Slovio
trans_list: slovio
sense:
An artificial language based on the Slavic languages and written in either the Latin or Cyrillic script, intended to be readily understandable by speakers of any modern Slavic language.


lexentry: eng/Slytherin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Slytherin
trans_list: Serpentard
sense:
A person having traits associated with Slytherin house from the Harry Potter series, including ambition, cunning, or an affinity for snakes or the colours green and silver.


lexentry: eng/Smurfette_principle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Smurfette principle
trans_list: syndrome de la Schtroumpfette
sense:
The practice in fiction, such as in film and television series, of including only one woman in an otherwise male ensemble.


lexentry: eng/Snake_Island__Proper_noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Snake Island
trans_list: île des Serpents
sense:
An island in Budjak, on the Black Sea, at the Danue Delta, Danube River in Odesa Oblast, Ukraine, on the border with Romania.


lexentry: eng/Snares_penguin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Snares penguin
trans_list: gorfou des Snares
sense:
A species of crested penguin, Eudyptes robustus, which breed on The Snares, an island group off South Island, New Zealand.


lexentry: eng/Snell's_law__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Snell's law
trans_list: loi de Snell-Descartes de la réfraction
sense:
(optics) the law that, for a ray incident on the interface of two media, the sine of the angle of incidence times the index of the refraction of the first medium is equal to the sine of the angle of refraction times the index of refraction of the second medium


lexentry: eng/Snoopy__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Snoopy
trans_list: Snoopy
sense:
Charlie Brown's pet beagle in the comic strip Peanuts, by Charles M. Schulz; often representing doggish soulfulness.


lexentry: eng/Snow_White__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Snow White
trans_list: Blanche-Neige
sense:
A fictional character in the fairy tale Snow-White and Rose-Red, from Schneeweißchen und Rosenrot collected by the Brothers Grimm.


lexentry: eng/Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
trans_list: République fédérative socialiste de Yougoslavie
sense:
(historical) Official name of Yugoslavia: a former Communist country in Southeast Europe that existed from 1943 until 1992; abbreviation SFRY.


lexentry: eng/Society_of_Jesus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Society of Jesus
trans_list: Compagnie de Jésus
sense:
An order of Roman Catholic clergy, the Jesuits, having a tradition of education, theological scholarship, and missionary work; formed during the 16th century.


lexentry: eng/Socotra__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Socotra
trans_list: Socotra
sense:
An island of Yemen, between the Guardafui Channel to the west, Gulf of Aden to the northwest, the Somali Sea to the south, and the Arabian Sea to the east.


lexentry: eng/Socratic_irony__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Socratic irony
trans_list: ironie socratique
sense:
The practice or act of asking someone a question, as though ignorant of the answer, in order to show a flaw in their argument.


lexentry: eng/Sod's_law__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sod's law
trans_list: loi de l'emmerdement maximum
sense:
(chiefly, UK) The principle that what can go wrong, will go wrong, usually with some observed degree of irony


lexentry: eng/Sodom__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sodom
trans_list: Sodome
sense:
(biblical, Quranic) A city in the Middle East which, according to the Bible and Islamic tradition, but not specifically named in the Qur'an, was destroyed by God (along with Gomorrah) for the sins of its inhabitants.


lexentry: eng/Sogdiana__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sogdiana
trans_list: Sogdiane
sense:
An ancient Iranian-speaking civilization of what is today eastern Uzbekistan and western Tajikistan.


lexentry: eng/Solar_System__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Solar System
trans_list: système solaire
sense:
(astronomy) The Sun and all the heavenly bodies that orbit around it, including the eight planets, their moons, the asteroids, and comets.


lexentry: eng/Sologne__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sologne
trans_list: Sologne
sense:
A natural region between the French departments of Loiret, Loir-et-Cher and Cher, in Centre-Val de Loire, France.


lexentry: eng/Solomon_Islands__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Solomon Islands
trans_list: Îles Salomon | Salomon
sense:
A country consisting of the majority of the Solomon Islands archipelago in Melanesia, in Oceania, as well as the Santa Cruz Islands. Official name: Solomon Islands. Capital and largest city: Honiara.


lexentry: eng/Solomon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Solomon
trans_list: Salomon | Solayman
sense:
(Biblical character) In the Old Testament and Qur'an, a king of Israel famous for his wisdom; father of King Rehoboam and the son of King David.


lexentry: eng/Somali__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Somali
trans_list: somali | somalien
sense:
(chiefly, countable, collective) An ethnic group native to the Somali Peninsula; a Somali, a group of Somalis, the Somalis.


lexentry: eng/Somali__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Somali
trans_list: Somalien | Somalienne
sense:
(countable, collective) A citizen or resident from the country of Somalia. The term Somalian is sometimes used as an alternative to Somali to emphasize civic affiliations to the Republic of Somalia and de-emphasize ethnic affiliations. Using the term Somalian may be offensive to some Somalis as it is deemed nonstandard. Some Somali ethnonationalists do not consider all citizens of Somalia to be Somali. Some Somali separatists prefer terms such as Somalian or Somalilander in civic contexts over the ethnolinguistic connoted term Somali.


lexentry: eng/Somalia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Somalia
trans_list: Somalie
sense:
A country in East Africa, in the Horn of Africa. Official name: Federal Republic of Somalia. Capital and largest city: Mogadishu.


lexentry: eng/Somaliland__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Somaliland
trans_list: Somaliland
sense:
An ethnically Somali geographic region of East Africa comprising Somalia, Djibouti, and parts of Ethiopia.


lexentry: eng/Somaliland__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Somaliland
trans_list: Somaliland
sense:
A geographic region and de facto independent unrecognized state in East Africa, internationally recognized as part of Somalia; formerly the Somali Coast Protectorate. Official name: Republic of Somaliland.


lexentry: eng/Son__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Son
trans_list: Fils
sense:
(Christianity) One of the three persons of the Trinity, believed to have become incarnated as Jesus Christ.


lexentry: eng/Son_of_Man__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Son of Man
trans_list: Fils de l'homme
sense:
(Christianity) A Christian title of Jesus Christ, referring to his status as a celestial being who presides as an eschatological judge.


lexentry: eng/Song_of_Songs__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Song of Songs
trans_list: Cantique de Cantiques | Cantique de Solomon
sense:
(biblical) The twenty-second book of the Christian Old Testament and the seventeenth book of the Hebrew Bible.


lexentry: eng/Sonoran_Desert__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sonoran Desert
trans_list: désert de Sonora
sense:
A desert which covers large parts of the southwestern United States in Arizona and California, and of Northwestern Mexico.


lexentry: eng/Sony_pony__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sony pony
trans_list: poney
sense:
(slang, derogatory, video games) A slavish supporter of Sony's video games or consoles; a Sony fanboy.


lexentry: eng/Sophene__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sophene
trans_list: Sophène
sense:
(historical) Province of ancient Armenia and of the Roman Empire, located to the south-west of Greater Armenia. Independent kingdom from 3rd century B.C. until 90's B.C. Lies in modern-day southeastern Turkey.


lexentry: eng/Sophocles__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sophocles
trans_list: Sophocle
sense:
A Greek dramatic poet (ca. 497 BCE – 405 BCE); Sophocles was one of the three greatest Greek tragedians. In the Athenian dramatic competitions of the Festival of Dionysus, he won more first prizes (around 20) than any other playwright, and placed second in all others he participated in. He is best remembered for his Oedipus Cycle of plays.


lexentry: eng/Soulagean__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Soulagean
trans_list: soulagien | soulagésien
sense:
Of or pertaining to, characteristic of, associated with, or suggestive of French abstract painter Pierre Soulages (born 1919), his works, or his authorship; especially of his use of the black color.


lexentry: eng/Sound__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sound
trans_list: Sund | Øresund
sense:
The strait that separates Zealand (an island of Denmark) from Scania (part of Sweden); also sometimes called by the Danish name, Øresund.


lexentry: eng/South_Africa__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: South Africa
trans_list: Afrique du Sud
sense:
A country in Southern Africa. Official name: Republic of South Africa. Capitals: Pretoria, Cape Town, and Bloemfontein.


lexentry: eng/South_African_Republic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: South African Republic
trans_list: Afrique du Sud
sense:
A former country in Southern Africa, the official English name of the Transvaal "Boer republic" state that existed from 1852 to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland's annexation of it in 1902.


lexentry: eng/South_America__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: South America
trans_list: Amérique du Sud
sense:
The continent forming the southern part of the Americas; east of the Pacific Ocean, west of the Atlantic Ocean, south of North America and north of Antarctica.


lexentry: eng/South_American_sea_lion__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: South American sea lion
trans_list: lion de mer d'Amérique du Sud
sense:
A sea lion, Otaria flavescens, found on the Chilean, Peruvian, Uruguayan and Argentine coasts, with a very large head with an upturned snout.


lexentry: eng/South_Asia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: South Asia
trans_list: Asie du Sud
sense:
A geographic region of Asia, comprising all the countries of the Indian subcontinent (principally India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal, and Bhutan) and the Indian Ocean (principally Sri Lanka, Maldives).


lexentry: eng/South_Australia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: South Australia
trans_list: Australie-Méridionale | Australie du Sud
sense:
A state of Australia, located in the central southern part of the continent; a former British colony until 1901. Capital: Adelaide.


lexentry: eng/South_Caucasus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: South Caucasus
trans_list: Caucase du Sud | Transcaucasie
sense:
A mountainous region of West Asia and Eastern Europe, lying between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea, comprising the republics of Georgia, Armenia and Azerbaijan.


lexentry: eng/South_China_Sea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: South China Sea
trans_list: mer de Chine méridionale | Mer de Chine méridionale
sense:
The western arm of the Pacific Ocean, between the Asian mainland and Taiwan, Borneo and the Philippines.


lexentry: eng/South_Dakota__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: South Dakota
trans_list: Dakota du Sud
sense:
A state in the Upper Midwest region of the United States. Capital: Pierre. Largest city: Sioux Falls.


lexentry: eng/South_Georgia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: South Georgia
trans_list: Géorgie du Sud
sense:
An island in the southern Atlantic Ocean, part of the South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, United Kingdom, a British-owned territory.


lexentry: eng/South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
trans_list: Géorgie du Sud-et-les Îles Sandwich du Sud
sense:
Two archipelagos comprising an overseas territory of the United Kingdom in the southern Atlantic Ocean. A territory of inhospitable islands, composed of the South Georgia island group, and the South Sandwich Islands chain.


lexentry: eng/South_India__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: South India
trans_list: Inde du Sud
sense:
A geographic region of India, comprising the southern states of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, and Telangana, as well as the union territories of Lakshadweep and Pondicherry. These regions speak mainly Dravidian languages, and have distinct cuisine and culture.


lexentry: eng/South_Korea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: South Korea
trans_list: Corée du Sud
sense:
A country in East Asia, comprising the southern part of the Korean Peninsula. Official name: Republic of Korea. Capital: Seoul.


lexentry: eng/South_Ossetia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: South Ossetia
trans_list: Ossétie du Sud
sense:
A disputed geographic region and de-facto independent but largely unrecognized country in the South Caucasus on the border of Europe and Asia, which considers itself an independent state called the Republic of South Ossetia; considered part of Georgia's territory by the Georgian government and the vast majority of the international community. Capital: Tskhinvali.


lexentry: eng/South_Pole__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: South Pole
trans_list: pôle Sud
sense:
(geography) The Geographic South Pole or Terrestrial South Pole; the point which south is oriented towards, and therefore the southernmost point on Earth (having a latitude of -90°).


lexentry: eng/South_Sudan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: South Sudan
trans_list: Sud-Soudan | Soudan du Sud
sense:
A country in East Africa. Official name: Republic of South Sudan, formerly the southern part of Sudan.


lexentry: eng/South_Tyrol__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: South Tyrol
trans_list: Haut-Adige | Tyrol du sud
sense:
A predominantly German-speaking autonomous province of the Trentino-Alto Adige region in north-east Italy; until 1919 part of Austria, since 1972 under a special autonomy statute. Capital: Bolzano.


lexentry: eng/South_Vietnam__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: South Vietnam
trans_list: Viêt Nam du Sud | Sud-Viêt Nam
sense:
(historical) A former country in Southeast Asia that governed southern Vietnam from 1955 to 1975. Official name: Republic of Vietnam.


lexentry: eng/South_West_Africa__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: South West Africa
trans_list: Sud-Ouest africain
sense:
(historical) A former German colony (before World War I) and later a South African colony (from 1915 to 1990, illegally occupied after 1966 per United Nations stipulations) in Southern Africa; modern Namibia.


lexentry: eng/South_Yemen__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: South Yemen
trans_list: Yémen du Sud
sense:
(historical) A former country in West Asia on the Arabian Peninsula, existing from 1967 until 1990. Official name: People's Democratic Republic of Yemen.


lexentry: eng/South__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: South
trans_list: midi
sense:
(US) The south-eastern states of the United States, including many of the same states as formed the Confederacy.


lexentry: eng/Southeast_Asia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Southeast Asia
trans_list: Asie du Sud-Est
sense:
A geographic region of Asia, comprising the territories of Brunei, Cambodia, East Timor, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar (Burma), the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam.


lexentry: eng/Southeast_Europe__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Southeast Europe
trans_list: Europe du Sud-Est
sense:
A political designation for a region of southeast Europe mostly comprising the states of the Balkans.


lexentry: eng/Southern_Africa__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Southern Africa
trans_list: Afrique australe
sense:
A geographic region comprising the southern part of Africa; always including South Africa, Namibia, Botswana, Lesotho and Eswatini, and sometimes also Angola, Mozambique, Zambia and Zimbabwe.


lexentry: eng/Southern_Altai__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Southern Altai
trans_list: altaï
sense:
A Turkic language spoken in the Altai Republic, Russia on the border of Mongolia and the People's Republic of China. There is no mutual intelligibility with Northern Altai.


lexentry: eng/Southern_Cone__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Southern Cone
trans_list: Cône Sud
sense:
The southern portion of South America, consisting of Argentina, Chile and Uruguay, sometimes southern Brazil, São Paulo state and Paraguay.


lexentry: eng/Southern_Hemisphere__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Southern Hemisphere
trans_list: hémisphère sud | hémisphère austral
sense:
The hemisphere in Earth to the south of the Equator, containing only about 10% of the total land area on Earth.


lexentry: eng/Southern_Min__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Southern Min
trans_list: Minnan
sense:
A group of local languages of Min Chinese, which can trace their origins to southern Fujian province, China.


lexentry: eng/Southern_Ocean__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Southern Ocean
trans_list: océan Austral | océan Antarctique | océan glacial Antarctique
sense:
The portion of the World Ocean surrounding Antarctica, variously taken as the waters south of the Antarctic Circle, the waters south of 60° S, or the waters bounded by the Antarctic Convergence.


lexentry: eng/Southern_Rhodesia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Southern Rhodesia
trans_list: Rhodésie du Sud
sense:
(historical) A former colony of the United Kingdom; a name used to refer to the area now called Zimbabwe, officially introduced in 1901. A self-governing colony of Britain from 1923, its government began to refer to itself simply as Rhodesia in 1964, when Northern Rhodesia became Zambia. The name Zimbabwe was adopted in 1980.


lexentry: eng/Soviet_Russia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Soviet Russia
trans_list: Russie soviétique
sense:
The unofficial term used for the former Russian Republic for a short period after its collapse - from 7 November 1917 (October Revolution) to 19 July 1918 (1st RSFSR Constitution) or to 30 December 1922 (Treaty on the Creation of the USSR). Also used to refer to the Soviet Union as a whole in the early stages.


lexentry: eng/Soviet_Union__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Soviet Union
trans_list: Union soviétique | Union Soviétique
sense:
(historical) A former transcontinental country in Europe and Asia (1922–1991), now split into Russia and 14 other countries. Official name: Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.


lexentry: eng/Space_Race__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Space Race
trans_list: course à l'espace
sense:
(historical) The informal competition between the United States and the Soviet Union to launch unmanned satellites, send people into space and land them on the Moon.


lexentry: eng/Space_Shuttle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Space Shuttle
trans_list: navette spatiale
sense:
A space transportation system developed by NASA consisting of a reusable winged orbiter, a set of recoverable booster rockets, and a fuel tank.


lexentry: eng/Spain__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Spain
trans_list: Espagne
sense:
A country in Southern Europe, including most of the Iberian peninsula. Official name: Kingdom of Spain. Capital and largest city: Madrid.


lexentry: eng/Spanish_Netherlands__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Spanish Netherlands
trans_list: Pays-Bas espagnols
sense:
(plurale tantum, historical) The southern part of the Low Countries (Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg) during and after the Eighty Years' War, ruled by Spain and lasting from 1581 to 1713.


lexentry: eng/Spanish_Road__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Spanish Road
trans_list: chemin des Espagnols | couloir sarde
sense:
(historical) A land route which was used from 1567–1620 for military supply and trade, and stretched from northern Italy to the Low Countries.


lexentry: eng/Spanish_Sign_Language__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Spanish Sign Language
trans_list: langue des signes espagnole
sense:
A language that uses hands, facial expressions, and other bodily behavior to communicate both concrete and abstract ideas.


lexentry: eng/Spanish_broom__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Spanish broom
trans_list: Spartier à tiges de jonc
sense:
Spartium junceum, a flowering plant in the family Fabaceae, native to the Mediterranean, with many flexible rush-like twigs.


lexentry: eng/Spanish_fly__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Spanish fly
trans_list: cantharide
sense:
(uncountable) A supposed aphrodisiac extracted from the beetle Lytta vesicatoria; cantharidin, the active ingredient, a vesicant used as a defence by L. vesicatoria and other blister beetles.


lexentry: eng/Spanish_influenza__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Spanish influenza
trans_list: grippe espagnole
sense:
(pathology) A form of influenza that spread to nearly every part of the world in a pandemic between 1918 and 1920, killing from 20 to 100 million people.


lexentry: eng/Spanish_moss__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Spanish moss
trans_list: mousse espagnole | barbe de vieillard | fille de l'air
sense:
A gray epiphyte that hangs down from trees, Tillandsia usneoides, native to the southeastern US and throughout humid tropical and subtropical parts of the Americas.


lexentry: eng/Spartacus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Spartacus
trans_list: Spartacus
sense:
A Thracian name, notably borne by a gladiator who was one of the slave leaders in a major slave uprising against the Roman Republic.


lexentry: eng/Sphinx__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sphinx
trans_list: Sphinx
sense:
An ancient, large statue in Egypt, with the face of a man and the body of a lion, lying near the Great Pyramids.


lexentry: eng/Sphinx__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Sphinx
trans_list: Sphinx
sense:
(Greek mythology) One of the many offspring of Typhon and Echidna, a winged lion-like creature with a woman's face, who committed suicide out of frustration after Oedipus managed to solve her riddles.


lexentry: eng/Spice_Islands__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Spice Islands
trans_list: Moluques
sense:
The Moluccas or Maluku Islands, an archipelago in Indonesia comprising the provinces of Maluku and North Maluku.


lexentry: eng/Spidey_sense__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Spidey sense
trans_list: sens d'araignée
sense:
(humorous) An intuitive feeling, usually of something being dangerous or risky; (more generally) instinct, intuition.


lexentry: eng/Spiritism__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Spiritism
trans_list: spiritisme
sense:
A philosophical doctrine, established in France in the mid nineteenth century, postulating that humans are essentially immortal spirits that temporarily inhabit physical bodies, and may have influence on the physical world.


lexentry: eng/Springtime_of_Nations__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Springtime of Nations
trans_list: Printemps des peuples | Printemps des révolutions
sense:
(history, European history) A period, sometimes confounded with the Age of Revolution in Europe and/or the pre-March era (Vormärz) specifically in Germany; variously beginning in 1789 (the French Revolution) or (in Germany) either in 1815 (German Confederation) or 1830 (French July Revolution) and leading up to the Revolutions of 1848.


lexentry: eng/Sranan_Tongo__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sranan Tongo
trans_list: sranan
sense:
An English-based creole language and lingua franca in Suriname; its approximately 126,000 native speakers are predominantly ethnic Creoles.


lexentry: eng/Srebrenica__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Srebrenica
trans_list: Srebrenica
sense:
A town and municipality in the easternmost part of Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina, which was the site of an ethnic cleansing massacre in July 1995.


lexentry: eng/Sri_Jayawardenepura_Kotte__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte
trans_list: Sri Jayawardenapura
sense:
The administrative capital of Sri Lanka, located next to the executive and judicial capital of Colombo.


lexentry: eng/Sri_Lanka__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sri Lanka
trans_list: Sri Lanka
sense:
An island and country in South Asia, off the coast of India. Official name: Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka. Capital: Colombo.


lexentry: eng/St._Elmo's_fire__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: St. Elmo's fire
trans_list: feu de Saint-Elme
sense:
An electrical discharge, or corona, seen around pointed objects, caused by ionization of the atmosphere during storms.


lexentry: eng/St._John's_wort__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: St. John's wort
trans_list: millepertuis
sense:
Any of several plants, of the genus Hypericum, especially Hypericum perforatum, that have yellow flowers and traditionally ward off evil.


lexentry: eng/St._Stephen's_Day__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: St. Stephen's Day
trans_list: Fête de la Saint-Étienne
sense:
(Christianity) A Christian holiday commemorating Saint Stephen the protomartyr (first Christian martyr; died 34 C.E.), falling immediately after Christmas Day (on December 26 in the Western Church and on December 27 in the Eastern Orthodox Church).


lexentry: eng/Stableford__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Stableford
trans_list: stableford
sense:
(golf) A scoring system in the sport of golf that involves scoring points based on the number of strokes taken at each hole; (by extension) a game played according to this system.


lexentry: eng/Stakhanovite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Stakhanovite
trans_list: stakhanoviste
sense:
(historical) An extremely productive or hard-working worker, especially in the former USSR, who may earn special rewards; a workaholic.


lexentry: eng/Stalin__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Stalin
trans_list: Staline
sense:
A surname from Russian; usually referring to the Georgian revolutionary and General Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU Joseph Stalin.


lexentry: eng/Stalingrad__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Stalingrad
trans_list: Stalingrad
sense:
(historical) Former name of Volgograd: a city, the administrative center of Volgograd Oblast, Russia, and site of a famous World War II battle; used from 1925–1961.


lexentry: eng/Standard_Model__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Standard Model
trans_list: modèle standard
sense:
(particle physics) A theory about the electromagnetic, weak, and strong nuclear interactions that mediate the dynamics of the known subatomic particles.


lexentry: eng/Star_Trek__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Star Trek
trans_list: Star Trek
sense:
A popular sci-fi media franchise set in the future, primarily focusing on the adventures of the personnel of a space navy of an interstellar political federation of which Earth is a charter member.


lexentry: eng/Star_Wars__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Star Wars
trans_list: Guerre des étoiles | Star Wars
sense:
An American epic space opera franchise centered on a film series created by George Lucas in a setting where futuristic technology co-exists with a semi-sentient form of magic/religion called the Force.


lexentry: eng/Star_of_Bethlehem__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Star of Bethlehem
trans_list: étoile de Bethléem | étoile de Noël
sense:
(Biblical) The bright star in the Gospel of Matthew that lead the "wise men from the East" to travel to Bethlehem.


lexentry: eng/Star_of_David__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Star of David
trans_list: étoile de David
sense:
(Judaism) A symbol of Jewish identity and Judaism, having the shape of a hexagram, the compound of two equilateral triangles.


lexentry: eng/Start_button__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Start button
trans_list: mise en service
sense:
(computing, GUI) A labeled button in some versions of the Windows operating system that opens the Start menu.


lexentry: eng/Start_menu__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Start menu
trans_list: menu démarrer
sense:
(computing) A menu in some operating systems that is launched by pressing an on-screen button and provides a central launching point for applications and tasks.


lexentry: eng/Staré__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Staré
trans_list: Staré
sense:
A village and municipality in okres Michalovce, Košice kraj, eastern Slovakia, first mentioned in 1273.


lexentry: eng/Stasi__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Stasi
trans_list: Stasi
sense:
(derogatory) One who engages in covert surveillence or similar activities associated with secret police.


lexentry: eng/Stasi__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Stasi
trans_list: Stasi
sense:
(derogatory) One who imposes one's views on others; one who is unfairly oppressive or needlessly strict.


lexentry: eng/State_of_Mexico__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: State of Mexico
trans_list: État de Mexico
sense:
A state of Mexico. Capital: Toluca. The most populous of the 32 federal entities of the country of Mexico, and surrounding Mexico City.


lexentry: eng/State_of_the_Union__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: State of the Union
trans_list: le Discours sur l'état de l'Union
sense:
(US politics) The State of the Union address, an annual event in which a president of the United States reports the status of the country, normally to a joint session of the United States Congress.


lexentry: eng/Statue_of_Liberty__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Statue of Liberty
trans_list: statue de la Liberté
sense:
A very large statue in New York harbor, representing the Roman goddess Libertas, and considered emblematic of the United States and its attractiveness to immigrants.


lexentry: eng/Stavanger__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Stavanger
trans_list: Stavanger
sense:
A city and municipality in Rogaland, Norway. It is the third largest city in Norway after Oslo and Bergen.


lexentry: eng/Stendhalian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Stendhalian
trans_list: stendhalien
sense:
Of, pertaining to, or in the style of French novelist Marie-Henri Beyle (1783–1842), known as Stendhal.


lexentry: eng/Stepnohirsk__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Stepnohirsk
trans_list: Stepnohirsk
sense:
A rural settlement, the administrative centre of Stepnohirsk settlement hromada, Vasylivka Raion, Zaporizhzhia Oblast, Ukraine, founded in 1921.


lexentry: eng/Stigmata__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Stigmata
trans_list: stigmates
sense:
(religion, Christianity) bodily marks or sores, corresponding in location to the crucifixion wounds of Christ; supposed to occur during states of religious ecstasy or hysteria, and sometimes reported to bleed periodically


lexentry: eng/Stockholm__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Stockholm
trans_list: Stockholm
sense:
A municipality, the capital and largest city of Sweden; the county seat of Stockholm County, Sweden.


lexentry: eng/Stone_Age__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Stone Age
trans_list: âge de pierre | Âge de la pierre
sense:
(archaeology, paleontology) A broad prehistoric period during which humans widely used stone for toolmaking.


lexentry: eng/Stone__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Stone
trans_list: brique
sense:
(countable) An English occupational and habitational surname from Old English, for someone who lived near a stone worked with stone, from Old English stan.


lexentry: eng/Stonehenge__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Stonehenge
trans_list: Stonehenge
sense:
An ancient group of standing stones on Salisbury Plain in Amesbury parish, Wiltshire, England (OS grid ref SU1242).


lexentry: eng/Strabo__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Strabo
trans_list: Strabon
sense:
(63/64 B.C.E. – ca. 24 C.E.) Ancient Greek geographer, philosopher, and historian from Amaseia in Pontus.


lexentry: eng/Stradivarius__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Stradivarius
trans_list: stradivarius
sense:
(musical instruments) A stringed instrument built by members of the Stradivari family, particularly Antonio Stradivari.


lexentry: eng/Strait_of_Bonifacio__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Strait of Bonifacio
trans_list: Bouches de Bonifacio
sense:
A strait between Corsica and Sardinia, connecting the Tyrrhenian Sea and and the western Mediterranean Sea.


lexentry: eng/Strait_of_Dover__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Strait of Dover
trans_list: Pas de Calais
sense:
A strait in the English Channel, connecting to the North Sea, between Dover (England) and Calais (France)


lexentry: eng/Strait_of_Kerch__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Strait of Kerch
trans_list: détroit de Kertch
sense:
A strait that connects the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov, separating the Kerch Peninsula of Crimea, de-jure Ukraine, in the west from the Taman Peninsula of Krasnodar Krai, Russia in the east.


lexentry: eng/Strait_of_Magellan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Strait of Magellan
trans_list: détroit de Magellan
sense:
A navigable sea route between the southern coast of Chile and the northern coast of Tierra del Fuego.


lexentry: eng/Strait_of_Messina__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Strait of Messina
trans_list: détroit de Messine
sense:
The narrow section of water between the eastern tip of Sicily and the southern tip of mainland Italy.


lexentry: eng/Strasbourg__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Strasbourg
trans_list: Strasbourg
sense:
The capital city of Bas-Rhin department, France; the capital city of the region of Grand Est; located in the historic region of Alsace, near the border with Germany and at various historical points a part of Germany.


lexentry: eng/Stratford-on-Avon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Stratford-on-Avon
trans_list: Stratford-on-Avon
sense:
A town in Warwickshire, England, birthplace of William Shakespeare. Often used as a byword for a particularly idyllic or historic town.


lexentry: eng/Streisand_effect__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Streisand effect
trans_list: effet Streisand
sense:
A phenomenon in which attempting to suppress an item of information attracts even more unwanted attention, thus furthering its dissemination.


lexentry: eng/Stuttgart__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Stuttgart
trans_list: Stuttgart
sense:
An unincorporated community in Phillips County, Kansas, located in the north of the state off U.S. Route 36 7.6 mi west-northwest of Phillipsburg and 6.6 mi east-southeast of Prairie View.


lexentry: eng/Stymphalian_bird__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Stymphalian bird
trans_list: oiseaux du lac Stymphale
sense:
(Greek mythology) A man-eating bird with a bronze beak and sharp metallic feathers it could launch at its victims, which infested Stymphalus. They were slain by Herakles as part of his sixth Labour, who took advantage of their sensitive sense of hearing.


lexentry: eng/Sublime_Porte__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Sublime Porte
trans_list: Sublime Porte
sense:
(figuratively) The Ottoman sultanic court, hence the imperial government, notably the vizierial divan and the entire empire, or a personage with a similar standing.


lexentry: eng/Sukhumi__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sukhumi
trans_list: Soukhoumi
sense:
The capital city of Abkhazia, a de-facto independent country internationally recognized as part of the country of Georgia.


lexentry: eng/Sukkot__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sukkot
trans_list: scénopégie | Soukkot | Souccot | fête des Cabanes | fête des Huttes | fête des Tabernacles
sense:
(Judaism) An ancient biblical / Israelite / Jewish festival lasting seven days, celebrating the autumn harvest and commemorating the passage through the wilderness: observed from the 15th day to the 21st day of the month of Tishrei (Tishri).


lexentry: eng/Sumerogram__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sumerogram
trans_list: sumérogramme
sense:
(linguistics) A Sumerian cuneiform symbol used as a logogram in another language, such as Akkadian or Hittite.


lexentry: eng/Summer_Triangle__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Summer Triangle
trans_list: Triangle d'été
sense:
(asterism) A bright asterism of the northern summer sky. Its corners are the three 1st-magnitude stars Altair (α Aql), Deneb (α Cyg), and Vega (α Lyr).


lexentry: eng/Sun__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sun
trans_list: Soleil
sense:
The star at the center of the Solar System (our solar system), which shines in our sky, represented in astronomy and astrology by ☉.


lexentry: eng/Sundanese__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sundanese
trans_list: Soundanais | Soundanaise
sense:
A member of an ethnic group in the western part of the island of Java in Indonesia, numbering approximately 42 million.


lexentry: eng/Sunday__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sunday
trans_list: dimanche
sense:
The first day of the week in many religious traditions, and the seventh day of the week in systems using the ISO 8601 standard; the Christian Sabbath; the Lord's Day; it follows Saturday and precedes Monday.


lexentry: eng/Sunday_best__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sunday best
trans_list: endimanché | son trente-et-un
sense:
(idiomatic) A person's finest clothing, especially the clothes one reserves to wear to church on Sunday.


lexentry: eng/Sunni_Islam__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sunni Islam
trans_list: sunnisme
sense:
(Islam) The largest branch of Islam, followed by around 1.7 billion people, whose adherents believe that Muhammad died without appointing a successor, leading to the election of Abu Bakr as the legitimate leader of the Muslim community.


lexentry: eng/Superman__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Superman
trans_list: Superman
sense:
A fictional comic-book superhero with superhuman strength and speed, X-ray vision, and the ability to fly. [from 1933.]


lexentry: eng/Suprematism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Suprematism
trans_list: suprématisme
sense:
(arts) A genre of abstract art based on simple geometric forms championed by the Russian avant-garde in the early twentieth century.


lexentry: eng/Supreme_Court__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Supreme Court
trans_list: cour suprême
sense:
(US) The state court in many states of the United States, usually but not necessarily the highest court in that state.


lexentry: eng/Supreme_Leader__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Supreme Leader
trans_list: Guide suprême
sense:
(politics) The head of state and commander-in-chief of the entire armed forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran, with the authority to dismiss the Iranian president. The Supreme Leader is also the highest-ranking spiritual leader in Iran.


lexentry: eng/Suriname__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Suriname
trans_list: Suriname | Surinam
sense:
A country in South America. Official name: Republic of Suriname. Capital and largest city: Paramaribo.


lexentry: eng/Surzhyk__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Surzhyk
trans_list: sourjyk | surzhyk
sense:
A pidgin language or interlanguage combining elements of Russian and Ukrainian, spoken mainly in Ukraine but also some neighbouring regions in Russia (Kursk, Voronezh and Belgorod) or Ukrainians living in Russia.


lexentry: eng/Susa__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Susa
trans_list: Suse
sense:
(historical) An ancient city, which became the capital of Elam, the Persian Empire, the Seleucid Empire and the Parthian Empire, now known as Shush in modern-day Khuzestan Province, Iran.


lexentry: eng/Sussex_Drive__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sussex Drive
trans_list: promenade Sussex
sense:
A street in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, on which the official residence of the prime minister of Canada, and that of the governor general of Canada, are located.


lexentry: eng/Svalbard__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Svalbard
trans_list: Svalbard
sense:
An archipelago, territory, and unincorporated area of Norway northeast of Greenland, in the Arctic Ocean.


lexentry: eng/Sverdlovsk__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Sverdlovsk
trans_list: Sverdlovsk
sense:
(historical) Yekaterinburg, a city, the administrative center of Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia (from 1921 to 1991).


lexentry: eng/Swabian_Turkey__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Swabian Turkey
trans_list: Turquie Souabe
sense:
A region of southwestern Hungary inhabited by an ethnic German minority who settled there, beginning in the late 1600s after the land was conquered from the Ottoman Empire, from the Palatinate, Hesse, Swabia, Bavaria and elsewhere.


lexentry: eng/Swahili__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Swahili
trans_list: swahili | souahéli
sense:
An agglutinative language of the Bantu branch widely spoken in East Africa. Born in its modern form from the hybridization of the Arabic and Bantu cultures, it was the language of the traders in East Africa, and spread along the routes of trade.


lexentry: eng/Swazi__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Swazi
trans_list: Swazi
sense:
A person from Swaziland/Eswatini or of Swazi/Swati descent originally migrating from Central Africa.


lexentry: eng/Swazi__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Swazi
trans_list: swati
sense:
A Bantu language primarily spoken in Swaziland/Eswatini and the South African regions adjacent to it.


lexentry: eng/Swedenborgian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Swedenborgian
trans_list: swedenborgien | swédenborgien
sense:
Of or pertaining to Emanuel Swedenborg (born Emanuel Swedberg in 1688), Swedish scientist, philosopher, Christian mystic and theologian.


lexentry: eng/Swedenborgianism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Swedenborgianism
trans_list: swedenborgianisme | swedenborgisme | swédenborgianisme | swédenborgisme
sense:
(historical) Any of several related Christian denominations that developed as a new religious movement, informed by the writings of Emanuel Swedenborg.


lexentry: eng/Swedish__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Swedish
trans_list: suédois
sense:
The language of Sweden and Åland (an autonomous part of Finland). Swedish is also one of the two official languages of Finland, spoken by 6% of the citizens. A very small minority in Estonia has Swedish as their mother tongue.


lexentry: eng/Swedish_massage__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Swedish massage
trans_list: massage suédois
sense:
A popular style of massage involving effleurage, petrissage, tapotement, friction, and vibration/shaking as the basic strokes.


lexentry: eng/Swedish_mile__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Swedish mile
trans_list: mille
sense:
A unit of measure used in Sweden and other parts of Scandinavia, today with a length of 10 kilometres, but formerly with different values.


lexentry: eng/Swedish_relay__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Swedish relay
trans_list: relais suédois
sense:
A relay race in which members of a team take turns running progressively longer parts of a course. The first member runs 100 meters, the second 200 meters, the third 300 meters, and the fourth 400 meters, equalling one kilometer in total.


lexentry: eng/Swiss_Army_knife__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Swiss Army knife
trans_list: couteau suisse
sense:
Any of a class of multi-function pocket knives or multitools, having a blade and various tools, such as screwdrivers and can openers.


lexentry: eng/Swiss_roll__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Swiss roll
trans_list: roulé | rouleau de génoise
sense:
A type of sponge cake rolled up into a cylinder, typically but not exclusively with jam or chocolate filling.


lexentry: eng/Switzerland__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Switzerland
trans_list: Suisse
sense:
A country in Western Europe and Central Europe. Official name: Swiss Confederation. Capital: Bern (de facto).


lexentry: eng/Sydney__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sydney
trans_list: Sydney
sense:
(uncountable) A major port city, the state capital of New South Wales, Australia, and the most populous city in Australia.


lexentry: eng/Syracuse__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Syracuse
trans_list: Syracuse
sense:
A former province of Sicily, Italy; abolished in 2015 and replaced by an equivalent administrative entity.


lexentry: eng/Syvash__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Syvash
trans_list: profond
sense:
(as the Syvash) A network of lagoons forming a western arm of the Sea of Azov, connected therewith by the Henichesk Strait through the Arabat Spit, and otherwise bound by Ukraine’s Kherson Oblast to the north, by the Isthmus of Perekop to the west, and by the Crimea to the south.


lexentry: eng/Syvaske__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Syvaske
trans_list: Syvaske
sense:
A rural settlement in Novotroitske settlement hromada, Henichesk Raion, Kherson Oblast, Ukraine, founded in 1816.


lexentry: eng/São_Tomé_and_Príncipe__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: São Tomé and Príncipe
trans_list: Sao Tomé-et-Principe | São Tomé-et-Príncipe
sense:
A country and archipelago of Central Africa in the Atlantic Ocean. Official name: Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe. Capital: São Tomé.


lexentry: eng/T-bar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: T-bar
trans_list: arbalète
sense:
(skiing) A type of ski lift where skiers/snowboarders are dragged up the ski run while they slide along on their skis/snowboards on the slope. They hang onto a T-shaped bar, a crossbar handle and a lead shaft linking to the drive cable.


lexentry: eng/T-beam__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: T-beam
trans_list: fer à T
sense:
(construction, mechanical engineering) A structural member with a cross section shaped like the letter T.


lexentry: eng/T-shirt__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: T-shirt
trans_list: tee-shirt | t-shirt | T-shirt | maillot | chandail | maillot de corps manche courte
sense:
(clothing) A lightweight shirt without buttons, usually with short sleeves and no collar. Often made of cotton and frequently bears a picture or slogan.


lexentry: eng/T-square__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: T-square
trans_list: règle en T
sense:
A rule with a short perpendicular crosspiece at one end, used by draughtsmen to draw parallel lines.


lexentry: eng/TERF__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: TERF
trans_list: TERF
sense:
(see usage notes) A trans-exclusionary radical feminist; a radical feminist who does not consider trans women to be women, or thinks they should not be included in female spaces or organisations, and who considers trans men to be women; a person whose transphobia is expressed in feminist terms.


lexentry: eng/T_tubule__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: T tubule
trans_list: tubule T | tubule transverse
sense:
(anatomy) One of the extensions of the cell membrane of striated muscle cells, running in a transverse manner, that permit the transmission of the action potential into the cell and regulate cellular calcium concentration.


lexentry: eng/Tabasco__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tabasco
trans_list: tabasco
sense:
A spicy pepper sauce made from tabasco pepper (a chili pepper) with the addition of vinegar and salt.


lexentry: eng/Tacitus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tacitus
trans_list: Tacite
sense:
A Roman cognomen, notably borne by Publius (or Gaius) Cornelius Tacitus (c.56–117), a historian of ancient Rome and Marcus Claudius Tacitus (c.200–275), a Roman emperor.


lexentry: eng/Tai__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tai
trans_list: taï
sense:
A descendant of speakers of a common proto-Tai language, including subpopulations which no longer speak a Tai language.


lexentry: eng/Taimyr__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Taimyr
trans_list: Taïmyr
sense:
A large peninsula in the Russian North that forms the northernmost part of mainland Eurasia and Asia in Krasnoyarsk kray, Russia.


lexentry: eng/Taipei__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Taipei
trans_list: Taipei | Taïpei | Taïpeï
sense:
The capital city of and a special municipality of Taiwan, located in the northern part of the island of Taiwan. [from late 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/Taiping_Heavenly_Kingdom__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Taiping Heavenly Kingdom
trans_list: royaume céleste de la Grande Paix
sense:
(historical) A theocratic absolute monarchy based on Christian teaching led by Hong Xiuquan that rebelled against the ruling Qing dynasty from 1851 to 1864 in China.


lexentry: eng/Taiwan_Strait__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Taiwan Strait
trans_list: détroit de Formose | détroit de Taïwan
sense:
The strait dividing mainland Asia (incl. mainland China) from Taiwan island and connecting the East and South China Seas.


lexentry: eng/Taiwan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Taiwan
trans_list: Taïwan | Formose
sense:
A partly-recognized country in East Asia consisting of a main island and 167 smaller islands. Official name: Republic of China. Capital: Taipei. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/Taj_Mahal__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Taj Mahal
trans_list: Taj Mahal
sense:
A monument in Agra, India, constructed between 1631 and 1654, considered one of the finest examples of Mughal architecture in the world.


lexentry: eng/Tajik__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tajik
trans_list: tadjik
sense:
Of, from, or pertaining to Tajikistan, the Tajik people (living in Tajikistan and Afghanistan) or the Tajiki dialect of Persian.


lexentry: eng/Taksin__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Taksin
trans_list: Taksin
sense:
(historical) King Taksin the Great, a certain king which ruled over the Thonburi Kingdom in modern-day Thailand.


lexentry: eng/Taliban__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Taliban
trans_list: talibans
sense:
A Deobandi Islamist and largely Pashtun religious political movement founded in Afghanistan in 1994 by mullah Mohammad Omar, which has governed the country from 1996 to 2001 and since 2021.


lexentry: eng/Talmud__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Talmud
trans_list: Talmud | talmud
sense:
(Judaism) A collection of Jewish writings related to the practical application of Judaic law and tradition (may refer to either the Babylonian Talmud or the shorter Jerusalem Talmud).


lexentry: eng/Talmudic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Talmudic
trans_list: talmudique
sense:
(history) Of or relating to the era of Jewish history, immediately following the destruction of the Second Temple, during which the Talmud was being compiled (c. 70–500 AD). [19th c.]


lexentry: eng/Tamil_Tigers__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tamil Tigers
trans_list: Tigres de libération de l'Eelam tamoul | Tigres tamouls
sense:
A former guerrilla and conventional militant organization that sought the establishment of an independent homeland () in the northeast of Sri Lanka for the minority Tamil community.


lexentry: eng/Tamil__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tamil
trans_list: tamoul | Tamoul
sense:
A Dravidian language spoken in the state of Tamil Nadu, India and in Sri Lanka, Singapore, Malaysia.


lexentry: eng/Tanganyika__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Tanganyika
trans_list: Tanganyika
sense:
A former British mandate and territory and, between 1961 and 1964, an independent country in East Africa which became most of Tanzania.


lexentry: eng/Tangier__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tangier
trans_list: Tanger
sense:
A port city, the capital of the region of Tangier-Tetouan-Al Hoceima, Morocco, on the Strait of Gibraltar.


lexentry: eng/Tantalus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tantalus
trans_list: Tantale
sense:
(Greek mythology) A Phrygian king who was condemned to remain in Tartarus, chin-deep in water, with fruit-laden branches hanging above his head; whenever he tried to drink or eat, the water and fruit receded out of reach.


lexentry: eng/Taoiseach__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Taoiseach
trans_list: taoiseach
sense:
(Irish politics) The head of the government of Ireland, comparable to a prime minister of a Commonwealth of Nations country.


lexentry: eng/Taoism__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Taoism
trans_list: taoïsme
sense:
A Chinese mystical philosophy traditionally founded by Lao-tzu in the 6th century B.C.E. that teaches conformity to the tao by unassertive action and simplicity.


lexentry: eng/Tartarus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tartarus
trans_list: Tartare
sense:
(Greek mythology, Roman mythology) A dark and gloomy part of the realm of Hades, reserved for the damned and the wicked, such as the Titans; an equivalent of hell in Greek and Roman mythology.


lexentry: eng/Tarzan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tarzan
trans_list: Tarzan
sense:
(fiction) A heroic fictional character, raised from a baby to adulthood in the African jungle by apes.


lexentry: eng/Tasmania__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tasmania
trans_list: Tasmanie
sense:
One of the six federal states of Australia, consisting of one large, eponymous and several much smaller islands, off the eastern part of Australia's south coast; a former British colony, from 1856 to 1901. Capital: Hobart.


lexentry: eng/Tasmania__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Tasmania
trans_list: Tasmanie
sense:
The large island of Australia comprising the majority of the state of Tasmania's land area and on which most of its inhabitants live.


lexentry: eng/Tatar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tatar
trans_list: Tatare | Tartare | Tatar
sense:
A person belonging to one of several Turkic ethnic groups identifying as "Tatar" in Eastern Europe, Russia and Central Asia.


lexentry: eng/Tatar__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tatar
trans_list: tatar | Tatar
sense:
An agglutinative language belonging to the Altai group of Turkic languages. It is an official language of Tatarstan. There are some eight million speakers spread across Eastern Europe, Russia and Central Asia.


lexentry: eng/Tatarstan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tatarstan
trans_list: Tatarstan
sense:
A republic and federal subject of south-central Russia. Official name: Republic of Tatarstan. Capital: Kazan.


sense_num: 01
sense: A hill near Pōrangahau, in Hawke's Bay, New Zealand.
written_rep: Taumatawhakatangihangakoauauotamateaturipukakapikimaungahoronukupokaiwhenuakitanatahu
trans_list: Taumatawhakatangihangakoauauotamateaturipukakapikimaungahoronukupokaiwhenuakitanatahu
lexentry:
eng/Taumatawhakatangihangakoauauotamateaturipukakapikimaungahoronukupokaiwhenuakitanatahu__Proper_noun__1


lexentry: eng/Taurus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Taurus
trans_list: Taureau
sense:
(zodiac constellations) A constellation of the zodiac supposedly shaped like a bull and containing the star Aldebaran.


lexentry: eng/Taurus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Taurus
trans_list: Taureau
sense:
(astrology) The zodiac sign for the bull, ruled by Venus and covering April 21 - May 21 (tropical astrology) or May 16 - June 15 (sidereal astrology).


lexentry: eng/Taurus__Proper_noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Taurus
trans_list: Taurus
sense:
A mountain range in southern Anatolia, almost 4000 metres high and running parallel to the Mediterranean coast


lexentry: eng/Taygetos__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Taygetos
trans_list: Taygète
sense:
A mountain range in the prefectures of Laconia, Messenia and Arcadia on the Peloponnese peninsula in southern Greece.


lexentry: eng/Taylor_series__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Taylor series
trans_list: série de Taylor
sense:
(calculus) A power series representation of given infinitely differentiable function \textstyle f whose terms are calculated from the function's arbitrary order derivatives at given reference point \textstyle a; the series \textstyle f(a)+\frac {f'(a)}{1!} (x-a)+ \frac{f(a)}{2!} (x-a)^2+\frac{f(a)}{3!}(x-a)^3+ \cdots = \sum_{n=0} ^ {\infty} \frac {f^{(n)}(a)}{n!} (x-a)^{n}.


lexentry: eng/Taylorism__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Taylorism
trans_list: taylorisme
sense:
Scientific management; a theory of management of the early 20th century that analyzed workflows in order to improve efficiency, originally developed by Frederick Winslow Taylor.


lexentry: eng/Tchaikovsky__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tchaikovsky
trans_list: Tchaïkovski
sense:
A transliteration of the Russian surname Чайко́вский (Čajkóvskij), usually applying to Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky.


lexentry: eng/Tehran__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tehran
trans_list: Téhéran
sense:
The capital city of Iran, the seat of Tehran County's Central District and the capital of Tehran Province.


lexentry: eng/Telangana__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Telangana
trans_list: Telangana | Télangana
sense:
A state in south-central India, created in 2014 by separation from Andhra Pradesh. Capital: Hyderabad.


lexentry: eng/Telescopium__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Telescopium
trans_list: Télescope
sense:
(constellation) A small faint constellation of the southern winter sky, said to resemble a telescope. It lies south of the constellation of Corona Australis.


lexentry: eng/Telesphoros__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Telesphoros
trans_list: Télesphore
sense:
(Greek god) A god/personification of complete recuperation from illness or injury. He is a healer and a son of Asclepius and Epione.


lexentry: eng/Teletext__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Teletext
trans_list: télétexte
sense:
(UK, Ireland) A text-based information retrieval system using television sets with a suitable decoder; developed by the BBC.


lexentry: eng/Teletubby__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Teletubby
trans_list: Télétubby
sense:
Any of the four color-coded tubby human-like characters in the BBC children's television series Teletubbies.


lexentry: eng/Temple_Mount__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Temple Mount
trans_list: Mont du Temple
sense:
One of the hills in Jerusalem, where King Solomon built his great temple, which was destroyed twice (the hill ultimately leveled, leaving only the Wailing Wall venerated by Jews) and today an Islamic compound/courtyard enclosing the Foundation Stone atop which sit the Dome of the Rock, and containing the Al-Aqsa Mosque and other Islamic-era structures.


lexentry: eng/Temple__Proper_noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Temple
trans_list: Temple
sense:
(Judaism, Christianity, historical) Any of the former chief temples to YHWH in Jerusalem, particularly Solomon's Temple.


lexentry: eng/Temple__Proper_noun__2
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Temple
trans_list: Temple
sense:
Either of two of the Inns of Court in London (the Inner Temple and the Middle Temple), built on a site once occupied by the Knights Templar.


lexentry: eng/Temple_of_Heaven__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Temple of Heaven
trans_list: Temple du ciel
sense:
A religious complex in southeastern Beijing, formerly important to Chinese imperial rituals; the present-day park surrounding and preserving the site.


lexentry: eng/Tempo__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tempo
trans_list: Tempo
sense:
(Quebec, automotive) A type of car shelter, a temporary kit-built prefabricated steel-framed high tunnel peaked hoop house with an impermeable translucent plastic fabric cover, and flap doors.


lexentry: eng/Ten_Commandments__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ten Commandments
trans_list: dix commandements | Décalogue
sense:
(bible) A particular list of religious and moral imperatives which, according to the Old Testament of the Bible or the Hebrew Bible, were twice given or dictated by God to Moses on Mount Sinai and inscribed on two stone tablets.


lexentry: eng/Tengrism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tengrism
trans_list: tengrisme
sense:
A Central Asian religion characterized by features of shamanism, animism, totemism, both polytheism and monotheism, and ancestor worship. It was the state religion of the six ancient Turkic states.


lexentry: eng/Teochew__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Teochew
trans_list: teochew
sense:
A variety of Southern Min Chinese, spoken in the Chaoshan region of eastern Guangdong and its diaspora.


lexentry: eng/Tepelenë__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tepelenë
trans_list: Tepelen
sense:
A city in southern Albania, located on a plateau on the left bank of the river Vjosa about three kilometres downstream from its confluence with the river Drino; it is the seat of its eponymous municipality and the former seat of its now defunct eponymous district.


lexentry: eng/Tequixquiac__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tequixquiac
trans_list: Tequixquiac
sense:
Ellipsis of Santiago Tequixquiac: a town, the administrative seat of Tequixquiac, State of Mexico, Mexico.


lexentry: eng/Termagant__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Termagant
trans_list: Tervagan | Tervagant
sense:
(archaic, historical) A fictitious deity with a violent temperament who featured in medieval mystery plays, represented as being worshipped by Muslims or (less commonly) other non-Christians.


lexentry: eng/Terpsichore__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Terpsichore
trans_list: Terpsichore
sense:
(Greek god) The goddess of dance and the dramatic chorus, and one of the Muses; the daughters of Zeus & Mnemosyne.


lexentry: eng/Terracotta_Army__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Terracotta Army
trans_list: armée de Terracotta | armée de terre cuite
sense:
A collection of terracotta sculptures depicting the armies of Qin Shi Huang, the first Emperor of China, located in Xi'an, Shaanxi province, China.


lexentry: eng/Terreneuvian__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Terreneuvian
trans_list: terreneuvien
sense:
Synonym of Newfoundland French, a dialect of French found on the Island of Newfoundland, in Canada; on the French Shore.


lexentry: eng/Tertullian__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tertullian
trans_list: Tertullien
sense:
A Roman cognomen, in particular borne by the Christian theologian Quintus Septimius Florens Tertullianus from Carthage.


lexentry: eng/Tesla_coil__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tesla coil
trans_list: bobine Tesla
sense:
A type of resonant transformer circuit used to produce high-voltage, low-current, high-frequency alternating-current electricity.


lexentry: eng/Tetragrammaton__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tetragrammaton
trans_list: tétragramme
sense:
(Judaism) The word in four Hebrew letters יהוה (in transliteration as YHWH or JHVH) used as the ineffable name of God in the Hebrew Bible, variously rendered as Yahweh or Jehovah.


lexentry: eng/Tetris__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tetris
trans_list: Tetris
sense:
A puzzle video game in which falling tetrominoes must be manipulated to form complete lines, which are then cleared from the grid.


lexentry: eng/Teutonic_Knights__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Teutonic Knights
trans_list: Chevaliers Teutoniques | Ordre teutonique
sense:
A German religious order founded in the late 12th century and known for conquering the Baltic Prussians and bringing Prussia under German control; the order exists today as a charitable organisation.


lexentry: eng/Thailand__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Thailand
trans_list: Thaïlande
sense:
A country in Southeast Asia. Official name: Kingdom of Thailand. Capital: Bangkok. Former name: Siam.


lexentry: eng/Thames__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: Thames
trans_list: Tamise
sense:
(with the) A river in the U.S. State of Connecticut flowing 24 km (15 mi.) past New London to Long Island Sound.


lexentry: eng/Thatcherism__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Thatcherism
trans_list: thatchérisme
sense:
(UK politics) The political ideology attributed to the governments of British prime minister Margaret Thatcher (1979–1990), characterised by, among other things, a free market economy, privatisation, low taxation, austerity and opposition to unionisation.


lexentry: eng/The_Call_of_South_Africa__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: The Call of South Africa
trans_list: L'Appel de l'Afrique du Sud
sense:
a former national anthem of South Africa, created during the 1920s and used from the 1930s to the 1990s.


lexentry: eng/The_Game__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: The Game
trans_list: jeu
sense:
A mind game where the objective is to avoid thinking about "The Game", and by thinking about it one loses, and subsequently has to announce one's loss to the world in order to make them lose.


lexentry: eng/Theaetetus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Theaetetus
trans_list: Théétète
sense:
A classical Greek mathematician credited with proving that there are precisely five regular convex polyhedra.


lexentry: eng/Thebes__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Thebes
trans_list: Thèbes
sense:
A city in central Greece, the capital city of Boeotia and an important political centre in antiquity.


lexentry: eng/Thebes__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Thebes
trans_list: Thèbes
sense:
An ancient city and archaeological site in Upper Egypt, having functioned as capital city at times during the Middle Kingdom and New Kingdom.


lexentry: eng/Theistic_Satanism__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Theistic Satanism
trans_list: satanisme théiste
sense:
A form of Satanism; a religious path that reveres or worships Satan, whom it recognises as an objectively real being (deity, supernatural entity or spiritual being); particularly as distinguished from Atheistic Satanism, in which Satan represents a symbolic figure.


lexentry: eng/Thelema__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Thelema
trans_list: Thelema
sense:
A spiritual and social philosophy developed in the early 1900s, calling each person to act in alignment with his or her True Will (which may or may not be the same as personal wishes) as a basis for spiritual growth.


lexentry: eng/Themis__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Themis
trans_list: Thémis
sense:
(Greek god) A Titan, the embodiment of divine order, law and custom. She was the daughter of Gaia and Uranus.


lexentry: eng/Theophany__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Theophany
trans_list: Théophanie
sense:
One of the Great Feasts of the Eastern Orthodox Church, commemorating the revelation of Jesus' divinity, especially in his baptism by John the Baptist.


lexentry: eng/Theotokos__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Theotokos
trans_list: Théotokos
sense:
(Christianity, chiefly, _, Orthodoxy) Synonym of Mary, mother of Jesus, in particular reference to her role giving birth to God.


lexentry: eng/Thermidor__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Thermidor
trans_list: thermidor
sense:
(historical) The eleventh month of the French Republican Calendar, from July 19 or 20 to August 17 or 18.


lexentry: eng/Thermopylae__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Thermopylae
trans_list: Thermopyles
sense:
A narrow pass on the east-central coast of Greece adjacent to the Maliakos Gulf, northwest of Athens. Its name is derived from its hot sulphur springs. It was the site of the Battle of Thermopylae, at which the Spartan King Leonidas stood off, for a time, the Persian armies of Xerxes.


lexentry: eng/Thessalonians__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Thessalonians
trans_list: Thessaloniciens
sense:
(biblical) Books in the New Testament of the Bible (1 Thessalonians and 2 Thessalonians), epistles to the Christians in ancient Thessaloniki.


lexentry: eng/Thessaly__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Thessaly
trans_list: Thessalie
sense:
A historical region and administrative region in north-central Greece; one of its 13 peripheries. It contains the prefectures of Karditsa, Larissa, Magnesia and Trikala.


lexentry: eng/Third_Republic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Third Republic
trans_list: Troisième République
sense:
(historical) Ellipsis of w:Third Republic of Korea (“political regime of South Korea under the authoritarian Park Chung Hee from 1963 to 1972”).


lexentry: eng/Third_World__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Third World
trans_list: tiers-monde
sense:
(attributive, pejorative, informal) Any developing country, or a country lacking the perceived internationally respected ideal standards of a society (e.g. sufficient rule of law and internationally respected level of prosperity).


lexentry: eng/Thor__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Thor
trans_list: Thor
sense:
(Norse mythology, and, paganism) A hammer-wielding god associated with thunder, lightning, storms, sacred groves and trees, strength, and the protection of mankind.


lexentry: eng/Thoth__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Thoth
trans_list: Thot
sense:
(Egyptian god) The ancient Egyptian moon god of wisdom, learning, and magic, usually depicted as an ibis or baboon.


lexentry: eng/Thousand_Islands__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Thousand Islands
trans_list:
Archipel des Mille Îles | Archipel des Mille-Îles | Mille Îles | Mille-Îles | archipel des Mille Îles | archipel des Mille-Îles


lexentry: eng/Three_Amigos__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Three Amigos
trans_list: Trois Amigos | trois amis
sense:
(plurale tantum, informal, North America, politics) The prime minister of Canada and the presidents of Mexico and the United States.


lexentry: eng/Three_Kingdoms__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Three Kingdoms
trans_list: Trois Royaumes
sense:
(historical) The tripartite division of China between the states of Wei (魏 (Wèi)), Shu (蜀 (Shǔ)), and Wu (吳／吴 (Wú)), during AD 220–280, following the Han dynasty and preceding the Jin dynasty.


lexentry: eng/Thuban__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Thuban
trans_list: Thuban
sense:
(star) α Draconis, a white giant star in the constellation Draco which served as the North Star from about 3942 to 1793 BC.


lexentry: eng/Thucydides__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Thucydides
trans_list: Thucydide
sense:
A great ancient Greek historian (c. 460 BCE – c. 395 BCE) and author of the History of the Peloponnesian War, which recounts the 5th century BCE war between Sparta and Athens to the year 411 BCE.


lexentry: eng/Thule__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Thule
trans_list: Thulé
sense:
The semi-legendary island of classical antiquity considered to represent the northernmost location in the inhabited world (the Ecumene).


lexentry: eng/Thursday__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Thursday
trans_list: jeudi
sense:
The fifth day of the week in many religious traditions, and the fourth day of the week in systems using the ISO 8601 norm; it follows Wednesday and precedes Friday.


lexentry: eng/Tianjin__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tianjin
trans_list: Tianjin
sense:
A direct-administered municipality and major city in northern China, between Beijing and the Bohai Bay.


lexentry: eng/Tiberius__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tiberius
trans_list: Tibère
sense:
(historical) A en given name of mostly historical use, in particular, the praenomen of the second Roman emperor Tiberius Julius Caesar Augustus, reigning 14-37 C.E..


lexentry: eng/Tibet__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tibet
trans_list: Tibet
sense:
A geographic region in Central Asia (mostly in China), the homeland of the Tibetan people, covering much of the Tibetan Plateau.


lexentry: eng/Tibet__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Tibet
trans_list: Tibet
sense:
(historical) A former country in East Asia that existed from 1912 until its annexation by China in 1951.


lexentry: eng/Tibetan_Buddhism__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tibetan Buddhism
trans_list: bouddhisme tibétain | lamaïsme
sense:
The body of Buddhist religious doctrine and institutions characteristic of Tibet, Mongolia, Tuva, Bhutan, Kalmykia, Buryatia and certain regions of the Himalayas, including northern Nepal, and India.


lexentry: eng/Tibetan_Mastiff__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tibetan Mastiff
trans_list: dogue du Tibet | dogue tibétain | mâtin du Tibet | mâtin tibétain
sense:
A large dog of a breed from Central Asia, having a medium to long double coat in a wide variety of colors, sometimes with white markings around neck, chest, and legs.


lexentry: eng/Tibetan_fox__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tibetan fox
trans_list: renard du Tibet
sense:
Vulpes ferrilata, a species of true fox endemic to the high Tibetan Plateau in Nepal, China, and India


lexentry: eng/Tibeto-Burman__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Tibeto-Burman
trans_list: tibéto-birman
sense:
(linguistics) Of the Tibeto-Burman languages, one of the subgroups of the Sino-Tibetan language family.


lexentry: eng/Tierra_del_Fuego__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Tierra del Fuego
trans_list: Terre de Feu
sense:
An archipelago and geographic region of Chile and Argentina, consisting of this island and a number of smaller surrounding islands.


lexentry: eng/Tigris__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tigris
trans_list: Tigre
sense:
A river in Southwest Asia flowing 1,150 miles east-southeast from the Armenian Highland in Turkey through Iraq. It forms the eastern edge of classical Mesopotamia. It unites with the Euphrates River to form the Shatt al-Arab before flowing into the Persian Gulf.


lexentry: eng/Tilt-A-Whirl__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tilt-A-Whirl
trans_list: Undulateur
sense:
A spinning-platform amusement ride that exposes its riders to unpredictable combinations of tilting, spinning and horizontal movement.


lexentry: eng/Times_Square__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Times Square
trans_list: Place du Times | Times Square
sense:
A wide intersection in New York City extending from 42nd to 47th Streets where Broadway and Seventh Avenue intersect in Manhattan.


lexentry: eng/Timonian__Adjective__3
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Timonian
trans_list: timonien
sense:
Of or relating to the French Catholic Sacred Heart congregation founded by Joseph-Marie Timon-David.


lexentry: eng/Timonism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Timonism
trans_list: Timonisme | timonisme
sense:
A form of bitter misanthropy, a despair leading to hatred or contemptuous rejection of mankind, like Timon of Athens.


lexentry: eng/Tirana__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tirana
trans_list: Tirana
sense:
A municipality, the capital and largest city of Albania, located in the center of the country west of the mountain of Dajti on the plain of Tirana; it is the seat of its eponymous county and municipality.


lexentry: eng/Tiresias__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tiresias
trans_list: Tirésias
sense:
(Greek mythology) A long-lived blind soothsayer who participated over seven generations in the legendary history of (the Greek city) Thebes, noted also for being transformed into a woman for seven years, so being symbolic of androgyny.


lexentry: eng/Tironian_note__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tironian note
trans_list: note tironienne
sense:
Any one of thousands of signs in a system of shorthand developed in the 60s BC by Cicero’s scribe Marcus Tullius Tiro.


lexentry: eng/Tishrei__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tishrei
trans_list: Tichri
sense:
(Judaism) The first month of the civil year and the seventh month of the ecclesiastical year in the Jewish calendar, after Elul and before Cheshvan.


lexentry: eng/Tisiphone__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tisiphone
trans_list: Tisiphone
sense:
(Greek god, Roman god) One of the Erinyes/Dirae (Furies, the goddesses of vengeance), and a companion of Nemesis/Invidia.


lexentry: eng/Titan__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Titan
trans_list: Titan
sense:
(Greek god) Any of the race of giant gods in Greek mythology that preceded and was overthrown by the Olympian gods.


lexentry: eng/Titanic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Titanic
trans_list: Titanic
sense:
The R.M.S. Titanic, an ocean liner, thought by the public to be unsinkable, that sank on its maiden voyage on 15 April 1912 after colliding with an iceberg.


lexentry: eng/Titicaca__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Titicaca
trans_list: Titicaca
sense:
A lake in the South American Andes, in both Peru and Bolivia, noted for being the highest lake in the world.


lexentry: eng/Titoism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Titoism
trans_list: titisme
sense:
The political ideas or policies associated with Josip Broz Tito; in particular, an adaptation of Marxist-Leninist ideology, characterized by experiments with workers’ self-management instead of central planning and a foreign policy of independence from both the Soviet and Western blocs.


lexentry: eng/Tobias__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tobias
trans_list: Tobie
sense:
The main character in the Book of Tobit, regarded as apocryphal by most Protestants (Biblical character).


lexentry: eng/Tobit__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tobit
trans_list: Tobie
sense:
(biblical character) A book of the Catholic and Eastern Orthodox canon of the Old Testament, considered apocryphal by Protestants.


lexentry: eng/Tocharian__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tocharian
trans_list: tokharien
sense:
(linguistics) An extinct branch of the Indo-European language family, consisting of two languages, Tocharian A and Tocharian B, written in an abugida derived from Brahmi.


lexentry: eng/Tok_Pisin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tok Pisin
trans_list: tok pisin
sense:
A creole of Indo-European, Malayo-Polynesian and Trans-New Guinean languages (principally English and Kuanua); one of the official languages of Papua New Guinea.


lexentry: eng/Tollund_Man__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tollund Man
trans_list: homme de Tollund
sense:
(archaeology) A bog body found preserved in peat on the Jutland peninsula, Denmark, in 1950; the naturally mummified body of a man believed to have lived in the 5th century BCE during the period characterised in Scandinavia as the pre-Roman Iron Age.


lexentry: eng/Toltec__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Toltec
trans_list: Toltèque
sense:
A member of a pre-Columbian Native American people who dominated much of central Mexico between the 10th and 12th centuries AD.


lexentry: eng/Tom_Thumb__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tom Thumb
trans_list: Petit Poucet | Tom Pouce
sense:
A fairy-tale character who is the size of a person's thumb; the protagonist and hero of the fairy tale The History of Tom Thumb.


lexentry: eng/Tonga__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tonga
trans_list: Tonga
sense:
A country and archipelago of Polynesia in Oceania. Official name: Kingdom of Tonga. Capital and largest city: Nuku'alofa.


lexentry: eng/Torah__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Torah
trans_list: Thora | Torah
sense:
(Abrahamism) The first five books of the Hebrew Scriptures, traditionally attributed to Moses and therefore also known as the Five Books of Moses. [1570s]


lexentry: eng/Torah__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Torah
trans_list: Thora | Torah
sense:
(Judaism) The full body of written Jewish law, including the Tanakh, the Talmud, the Mishnah and the midrashic texts.


lexentry: eng/Torbay_sole__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Torbay sole
trans_list: fausse limande | plie cynoglosse | limande rouge
sense:
(UK) An Atlantic flatfish of species Glyptocephalus cynoglossus (syn. Pleuronectes cynoglossus); witch.


lexentry: eng/Torres_Strait_Islands__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Torres Strait Islands
trans_list: Îles du détroit de Torrès
sense:
A group of hundreds of small islands which lie in the Torres Strait, between Australia and New Guinea.


lexentry: eng/Tory__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tory
trans_list: Tory
sense:
(UK politics) A member or supporter of the Conservative Party, which evolved from Royalist politicians; historically associated with upholding the rights of the monarchy and the privileges of the established Church.


lexentry: eng/Tory__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Tory
trans_list: Tory
sense:
(Canadian politics) A member or supporter of the Conservative Party of Canada, one of that party's predecessors, or an affiliated provincial political party.


lexentry: eng/Tours__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tours
trans_list: Tours
sense:
A city, the largest in the region of Centre-Val de Loire, France and the capital of Indre-et-Loire department.


lexentry: eng/Tower_of_Babel__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tower of Babel
trans_list: tour de Babel
sense:
(biblical) A tower erected at Babel by the descendants of Noah's son Ham to reach the sky, and whose completion God thwarted by making the workers speak different languages so that they were unable to understand one another.


lexentry: eng/Tower_of_London__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tower of London
trans_list: tour de Londres
sense:
A riverside fortress in London, used as a palace, a prison and now a museum housing the Crown Jewels.


lexentry: eng/Towers__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Towers
trans_list: De La Tour | De Latour | Delatour | La Tour | Latour | Tours
sense:
(jocular) [after a name, typically that of the speaker/writer or publication] the putative palatial address of the named person or corporate entity


lexentry: eng/Traditional_Chinese__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Traditional Chinese
trans_list: caractère traditionnel | chinois traditionnel
sense:
Chinese written using the traditional form of Chinese characters, as opposed to Simplified Chinese (introduced by the PRC as script reform).


lexentry: eng/Trail_of_Tears__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Trail of Tears
trans_list: Piste de larmes
sense:
(historical) The route followed by American Indians moved from their homelands in the southeastern United States to lands west of the Mississippi river by the Indian Removal Act of 1830.


lexentry: eng/Transdanubia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Transdanubia
trans_list: Transdanubie
sense:
A traditional region of Hungary, bounded by the Danube river (north and east), the Drava and Mura rivers (south), and the foothills of the Alps roughly along the border between Hungary and Austria (west).


lexentry: eng/Transnistria__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Transnistria
trans_list: Transnistrie
sense:
A geographic region and de-facto independent but unrecognized country in Eastern Europe that claims statehood as the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic; internationally considered an autonomous territorial unit within Moldova.


lexentry: eng/Transoxiana__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Transoxiana
trans_list: Transoxiane
sense:
(historical) An ancient portion of Central Asia, the region between the Amu Darya (Classical Oxus) and Syr Darya rivers, corresponding approximately with modern-day Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and southwest Kazakhstan.


lexentry: eng/Transvaal__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Transvaal
trans_list: Transvaal
sense:
A geographical region and former province (until 1994) of South Africa between the Vaal and Limpopo rivers.


lexentry: eng/Trappist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Trappist
trans_list: trappiste
sense:
A monk or nun of the Order of Cistercians of the Strict Observance (a branch of the Cistercians Roman Catholic religious brotherhood that use a particularly strict interpretation of the Rule of St Benedict).


lexentry: eng/Treasury__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Treasury
trans_list: trésor
sense:
Any specific instance of a government department responsible for the collection, management, and expenditure of public revenue.


lexentry: eng/Triangulum_Australe__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Triangulum Australe
trans_list: Triangle austral
sense:
(constellation) A winter constellation of the southern sky, which has three bright stars that form a triangle. It lies north of the constellation Apus, between Ara and Circinus.


lexentry: eng/Triangulum_Galaxy__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Triangulum Galaxy
trans_list: galaxie du Triangle
sense:
(galaxy) A relatively nearby spiral galaxy in the Local Group, together with the Milky Way galaxy. It is at a distance of approximately 2.6 million light years from Earth, in the direction of the constellation Triangulum, and is also known as M33 and NGC 598.


lexentry: eng/Triangulum__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Triangulum
trans_list: Triangle
sense:
(constellation) An autumn constellation of the northern sky whose brightest three stars form a small triangle. It lies near Perseus, between Aries and Andromeda.


lexentry: eng/Triassic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Triassic
trans_list: Trias
sense:
(geology) A geologic period within the Mesozoic era, comprising lower, middle and upper epochs from about 250 to 200 million years ago.


lexentry: eng/Tribeca__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tribeca
trans_list: Tribeca
sense:
A region of lower-west Manhattan, New York City, New York, United States; the Triangle Below Canal Street.


lexentry: eng/Tridentine__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Tridentine
trans_list: tridentin
sense:
(Catholicism) Pertaining to the form of Mass promulgated at the Council of Trent, often called the Tridentine Mass.


lexentry: eng/Trimurti__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Trimurti
trans_list: Trimurti
sense:
(Hinduism) The trinity of supreme divinity, as represented by the forms of Brahma (the creator), Vishnu (the maintainer or preserver), and Shiva (the destroyer or transformer).


lexentry: eng/Trinidad_and_Tobago__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Trinidad and Tobago
trans_list: Trinité-et-Tobago | Trinidad-et-Tobago
sense:
A country consisting of two main islands and several smaller islands in the Caribbean, off the coast of Venezuela. Official name: Republic of Trinidad and Tobago.


lexentry: eng/Trinidadian_and_Tobagonian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Trinidadian and Tobagonian
trans_list: trinidadien
sense:
Of, from, or pertaining to Trinidad and Tobago or to the people or language of that country. Trinidadian.


lexentry: eng/Trinity__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Trinity
trans_list: Trinité
sense:
(Christianity) In Christian belief, the three persons of the Godhead: the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit.


lexentry: eng/Tripoli__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Tripoli
trans_list: Tripoli
sense:
The capital city of Libya, originally three separate settlements known as Oea, Sabratha, and Leptis Magna.


lexentry: eng/Tripolitania__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tripolitania
trans_list: Tripolitaine
sense:
A historic region and former province in western Libya, centered around the coastal city of Tripoli.


lexentry: eng/Trojan_horse__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Trojan horse
trans_list: cheval de Troie
sense:
(Greek mythology) The hollow wooden horse by which the Greeks allegedly gained access to Troy during the Trojan War.


lexentry: eng/Tropic_of_Cancer__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tropic of Cancer
trans_list: tropique du Cancer
sense:
(geography) The parallel of latitude 23°26′ north of the equator, marking the northern boundary of the tropics; the sun is directly overhead at the June solstice.


lexentry: eng/Tropic_of_Capricorn__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tropic of Capricorn
trans_list: tropique du Capricorne
sense:
(geography) The parallel of latitude 23°26′ south of the equator, marking the southern boundary of the tropics; the sun is directly overhead at the December solstice.


lexentry: eng/Trotskyism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Trotskyism
trans_list: trotskisme | trotskysme
sense:
The left-wing political philosophy named after and based on the ideas of Leon Trotsky that is characterized by international socialism, opposition to Stalinism, the theory of permanent revolution and the theory of the vanguard party.


lexentry: eng/Trotskyite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Trotskyite
trans_list: trotskiste
sense:
(derogatory) An advocate of the communist doctrines of Leon Trotsky (born Лев Дави́дович Бронште́йн / Lev Davidovich Bronstein).


lexentry: eng/Tsakonia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tsakonia
trans_list: Zaconie
sense:
the area of Tsakonian villages in the Peloponnese, Greece, where Tsakonian language is spoken. The medieval villages were situated in Laconia; later, inhabitants moved north, to Cynouria area, in Arcadia.


lexentry: eng/Tskhinvali__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tskhinvali
trans_list: Tskhinval
sense:
The capital city of South Ossetia, a de-facto independent country internationally recognized as part of the country of Georgia.


lexentry: eng/Tsushima__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tsushima
trans_list: Tsushima
sense:
An island of Nagasaki, Japan, between the Home Islands and Korea, now divided by early modern canals.


lexentry: eng/Tsushima__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: Tsushima
trans_list: Tsushima
sense:
A strait in Japan, between Tsushima Island and the Home Islands, the location of a major 1905 battle in the Russo-Japanese War.


lexentry: eng/Tuamotus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tuamotus
trans_list: Archipel des Tuamotu | Îles Tuamotu
sense:
The largest chain of atolls in the world, situated in French Polynesia and spanning an area of the southern Pacific Ocean the size of Western Europe.


lexentry: eng/Tucana__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tucana
trans_list: Toucan
sense:
(constellation) A spring constellation of the southern sky, said to resemble a toucan. It lies south of the constellations Phoenix and Grus.


lexentry: eng/Tuesday__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tuesday
trans_list: mardi
sense:
The third day of the week in many religious traditions, and the second day of the week in systems that use the ISO 8601 norm; it follows Monday and precedes Wednesday.


lexentry: eng/Tupperware_party__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tupperware party
trans_list: réunion Tupperware
sense:
A party arranged by Tupperware ladies in their homes to sell Tupperware on the party plan, as a direct marketing concept.


lexentry: eng/Turing_machine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Turing machine
trans_list: machine de Turing
sense:
(computing theory) An abstract computing machine that has a finite number of possible internal states and operates on an infinite memory tape by first reading a symbol from a cell in the tape, and then, deterministically, based on that symbol and the machine’s state, writing a symbol in that cell, moving to a neighboring cell, and/or changing state.


lexentry: eng/Turkana_Boy__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Turkana Boy
trans_list: garçon du Turkana
sense:
(archaeology) The nearly complete fossilised skeleton of a Homo ergaster youth (estimated 7–11 years old at death) who lived 1.5 to 1.6 million years ago.


lexentry: eng/Turkestan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Turkestan
trans_list: Turkestan
sense:
(historical) The regions of Central Asia lying between Siberia to the north; Tibet (Xizang) and Xinjiang, China, modern-day Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Iran to the south; the Gobi Desert to the east; and the Caspian Sea to the west.


lexentry: eng/Turkey__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Turkey
trans_list: Turquie
sense:
A country located in Eastern Thrace in Southeastern Europe and Anatolia in West Asia. Official name: Republic of Türkiye. Capital: Ankara.


lexentry: eng/Turkification__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Turkification
trans_list: turcification | turcisation | turquification | turquisation
sense:
Making something more Turkic; assimilation (of a place, people etc) into a Turkic states or culture; introduction of Turks to an institution etc.


lexentry: eng/Turkish__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Turkish
trans_list: turc
sense:
The official language of Turkey, Republic of Cyprus (alongside Greek) and Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus.


lexentry: eng/Turkish_coffee__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Turkish coffee
trans_list: café turc
sense:
Coffee prepared by boiling finely powdered roast coffee beans in a pot, possibly with sugar, and serving it into a cup, where the dregs settle.


lexentry: eng/Turkish_crescent__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Turkish crescent
trans_list: chapeau chinois | pavillon chinois
sense:
A percussion instrument traditionally used by military bands, consisting of an upright pole topped with a conical brass ornament and crescent-shaped crosspieces, with bells attached.


lexentry: eng/Turkish_pizza__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Turkish pizza
trans_list: lahmadjun
sense:
A meal or snack made from an oval piece of Turkish bread baked with various toppings such as minced meat and herbs.


lexentry: eng/Turkologist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Turkologist
trans_list: turcologue
sense:
A scholar specializing in the languages, history or cultures of Turkic peoples, including for example Turkish, Kazakh, Uzbek, Azerbaijani, Kyrgyz, Uyghur, Tuvan, Altai, Shor, and Karakalpak.


lexentry: eng/Turner_syndrome__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Turner syndrome
trans_list: syndrome de Turner
sense:
(medicine, medical genetics) A particular genetic condition, caused by partially or completely missing an X chromosome (monosomy), that leads to sterility and other issues.


lexentry: eng/Turnerian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Turnerian
trans_list: turnérien
sense:
Of or relating to J. M. W. Turner (circa 1775 – 1851), British Romantic landscape painter, water-colourist, and printmaker.


lexentry: eng/Tutankhamun__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tutankhamun
trans_list: Toutânkhamon
sense:
Ancient Egyptian pharaoh known for his young age and his tomb, which was preserved intact to the modern age.


lexentry: eng/Tuyuca__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Tuyuca
trans_list: tuyuca
sense:
The Tucanoan language of this people, being a postpositional agglutinative SOV language with five mandatory evidentiality paradigms (visual, nonvisual, apparent, secondhand, and assumed), and from 50 to 140 noun classes.


lexentry: eng/Twelve_Days_of_Christmas__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Twelve Days of Christmas
trans_list: Douze jours de Noël
sense:
The season or time made up of the twelve days between Christmas and Epiphany; Christmas season, Christmas time, Christmastide, Twelvetide. The Christmas season traditionally ended with the feast of the Epiphany on January 6.


lexentry: eng/Twitter__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Twitter
trans_list: Twitter
sense:
(trademark) An online social networking and microblogging service; officially known as X since 2023.


lexentry: eng/Tybi__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tybi
trans_list: Tybi
sense:
The fifth month of the later ancient Egyptian civil calendar and Coptic calendar, corresponding to the first month of the season of Peret. Since 25 BCE, when the calendar was reformed to include leap-days, Tybi has been in roughly January.


lexentry: eng/TypeScript__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: TypeScript
trans_list: TypeScript
sense:
(scripting language) A scripting programming language that is a strongly-typed superset of JavaScript.


lexentry: eng/Typhon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Typhon
trans_list: Typhon
sense:
(Greek mythology) The most powerful and feared of all Greek monsters, having the head, arms, and torso of a man, and his bottom half consisting of countless dragons or serpents. Some stories also say that his hands ended in serpents and that he bears 100 heads. He is shrouded in giant wings, his eyes blaze a white fire, and his arms reach towards the stars.


lexentry: eng/Tyre__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tyre
trans_list: Tyr
sense:
A city in Lebanon, a major port on the Levantine Sea that was a city-state in Phoenicia in antiquity and the capital of the Kingdom of Jerusalem during the Middle Ages.


lexentry: eng/Tyrol__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Tyrol
trans_list: Tyrol
sense:
A geographic region in Central Europe including the state of Tyrol in Austria and the regions of South Tyrol and Trentino in Italy.


lexentry: eng/Tyrrhenian_Sea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tyrrhenian Sea
trans_list: mer Tyrrhénienne | mer Tyrrhène
sense:
A part of the Mediterranean Sea off the western coast of Italy, bounded by Corsica and Sardinia (west), Tuscany, Lazio, Campania, and Calabria (east), and Sicily (south).


lexentry: eng/Tyrtaeus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tyrtaeus
trans_list: Tyrtée
sense:
An Ancient Greek name, particularly borne by a Greek elegiac poet who lived at Sparta about the middle of the 7th century BC.


lexentry: eng/Tübingen__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tübingen
trans_list: Tubingue | Tübingen
sense:
A town and rural district of Baden-Württemberg, Germany, on the Neckar, with a famous university; once capital of Würtemberg-Hohenzollern


lexentry: eng/U-turn__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: U-turn
trans_list: demi-tour | retournement | volte-face
sense:
A turn in a vehicle carried out by driving in a semicircle in order to travel in the opposite direction.


lexentry: eng/UAV__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: UAV
trans_list: véhicule aérien sans pilote à bord
sense:
(aviation) Initialism of unmanned aerial vehicle or uncrewed aerial vehicle: an aircraft with no onboard pilot, and sometimes completely unpiloted, that is capable of controlled, sustained, level flight.


lexentry: eng/URL__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: URL
trans_list: URL
sense:
Initialism of Uniform Resource Locator: the address of a web page, FTP site, audio stream or other Internet resource.


lexentry: eng/USSR__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: USSR
trans_list: URSS
sense:
(historical) A former transcontinental country in Europe and Asia (1922–1991), now split into Russia and 14 other countries; the Soviet Union; in full, Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.


lexentry: eng/Uberization__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Uberization
trans_list: uberisation | ubérisation
sense:
(business, commerce, ize-form) The transformation of an existing industry or economy with the help of computing platforms, especially mobile applications, and temporary employment schemes.


lexentry: eng/Udi__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Udi
trans_list: oudi
sense:
A Lezgic language (Northeast Caucasian) spoken by the Udi people who live mostly in Azerbaijan and nearby regions. Probably descended from Caucasian Albanian.


lexentry: eng/Udmurtia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Udmurtia
trans_list: Oudmourtie
sense:
A republic and federal subject of Russia, on a plain to the west of the Ural Mountains. Capital: Izhevsk.


lexentry: eng/Ugarit__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ugarit
trans_list: Ougarit
sense:
An ancient port city in northern Syria, discovered by accident in 1928 together with the Ugaritic texts.


lexentry: eng/Ugaritic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ugaritic
trans_list: ougaritique
sense:
The Northwest Semitic language of the ancient city of Ugarit in Syria. Extinct since 1100 B.C.E., it was written in cuneiform.


lexentry: eng/Ukraine__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ukraine
trans_list: Ukraine
sense:
A country in Eastern Europe, bordering on the north shore of the Black Sea. Capital and largest city: Kyiv.


lexentry: eng/Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic
trans_list: République socialiste soviétique d'Ukraine
sense:
(historical) The Bolshevik state of Ukraine (1919–91), a constituent republic of the Soviet Union (1922–91), member of the United Nations since 1945.


lexentry: eng/Ukrainianize__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ukrainianize
trans_list: ukrainiser
sense:
(transitive) To render Ukrainian in character; impose Ukrainian culture, language, or ethnic identity.


lexentry: eng/Ulster__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ulster
trans_list: Ulster
sense:
The northern province of Ireland, made up of all six Northern Irish counties and three counties in the Republic of Ireland.


lexentry: eng/Ulyanovsk__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Ulyanovsk
trans_list: Oulianovsk
sense:
A city, the administrative center of Ulyanovsk Oblast, Russia, on the Volga river. Birthplace of Vladimir Lenin (born Ulyanov).


lexentry: eng/Uncle_Sam__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Uncle Sam
trans_list: Oncle Sam
sense:
(colloquial, originally, US) A personification of the United States federal government or (rare) citizens. [from early 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/Unicode__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Unicode
trans_list: Unicode
sense:
(international standards, computing) A series of character encoding standards intended to support the characters used by a large number of the world’s languages.


lexentry: eng/Uniform_Resource_Locator__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Uniform Resource Locator
trans_list: adresse
sense:
(computing, Internet) A universal address for resources on the internet, which is most commonly used for websites.


lexentry: eng/Union_of_Soviet_Socialist_Republics__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
trans_list: Union des Républiques Socialistes Soviétiques
sense:
(historical) A former transcontinental country in Europe and Asia (1922–1991), now split into Russia and 14 other countries; short form Soviet Union; abbreviation USSR.


lexentry: eng/Unitarian_Universalism__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Unitarian Universalism
trans_list: unitarisme-universalisme | universalisme unitarien
sense:
A religion which encourages theological liberalism and an individual search for truth and the adherents of which draw on many different theological sources and have a wide range of beliefs and practices.


lexentry: eng/Unitarian__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Unitarian
trans_list: unitarien-universaliste
sense:
A follower of Unitarian Universalism or a similar non-credal religion that originated historically from Christian Unitarianism.


lexentry: eng/Unitarian__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: Unitarian
trans_list: unitarien-universaliste
sense:
A member of a political movement advocating a unitary state rather than a federal one, especially the Unitarios of nineteenth century Argentina (known as the Unitarian Party in English).


lexentry: eng/Unitarianism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Unitarianism
trans_list: unitarisme
sense:
A Christian theology that God has one part, rather than the three equal parts (Father, Son, and Holy Spirit) posited by Trinitarianism.


lexentry: eng/United_Kingdom__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: United Kingdom
trans_list: Royaume-Uni
sense:
A kingdom and country in Northern Europe, comprising the four countries of England, Scotland and Wales on the island of Great Britain, and Northern Ireland on the northeastern portion of the island of Ireland since 1922.


lexentry: eng/United_Kingdom_of_Great_Britain_and_Ireland__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
trans_list: Royaume-Uni de Grande-Bretagne et d’Irlande
sense:
(historical) Former official name of the United Kingdom: a country in Northern Europe; in use from 1801–1927 (before being renamed by the Royal and Parliamentary Titles Act 1927 following the creation of the Irish Free State in 1922).


lexentry: eng/United_Kingdom_of_Great_Britain_and_Northern_Ireland__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
sense: Official name of the United Kingdom: a country in Northern Europe. [from 1927]
written_rep: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
trans_list:
Royaume-Uni de Grande-Bretagne et d’Irlande du Nord | Royaume-Uni de Grande-Bretagne et d'Irlande du Nord


lexentry: eng/United_Nations_Economic_and_Social_Council__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: United Nations Economic and Social Council
trans_list: Conseil économique et social des Nations unies
sense:
One of the six principal organs of the United Nations, dedicated to coordinate global economical and social affairs.


lexentry: eng/United_Nations_General_Assembly__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: United Nations General Assembly
trans_list: Assemblée générale des Nations unies
sense:
One of the six principal organs of the United Nations and the only one in which all member nations have equal representation.


lexentry: eng/United_Nations__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: United Nations
trans_list: Organisation des Nations Unies | Nations Unies | Organisation des Nations unies
sense:
(in the singular) An international coalition, founded in 1945 and headquartered in New York City, that aims to promote global co-operation and maintain international order.


lexentry: eng/United_Provinces__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: United Provinces
trans_list: Provinces-Unies
sense:
(historical) A republic that existed from the formal creation of a confederacy in 1581 by several Dutch provinces (which earlier seceded from Spanish rule) until the Batavian Revolution in 1795; the predecessor state of the modern Netherlands.


lexentry: eng/United_States_Virgin_Islands__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: United States Virgin Islands
trans_list: îles Vierges américaines | îles Vierges des États-Unis
sense:
An archipelago and dependent territory of the United States, part of the Virgin Islands in the Caribbean. Official name: Virgin Islands of the United States.


lexentry: eng/United_States_minor_outlying_islands__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: United States minor outlying islands
trans_list: Îles mineures éloignées des États-Unis
sense:
A collection of islands and archipelagos, consisting of various dependent territories of the United States, including: Baker Island, Howland Island, Jarvis Island, Johnston Atoll, Kingman Reef, the Midway Islands, Navassa Island, Palmyra Atoll, and Wake Island.


lexentry: eng/United_States_of_America__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: United States of America
trans_list: États-Unis d'Amérique | États-Unis | Amérique
sense:
A country located primarily in North America, stretching from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean and consisting of fifty states (including Alaska and Hawaii) and the District of Columbia, while asserting sovereignty over several territories. Capital: Washington, D.C.. Largest city: New York City.


lexentry: eng/Universal_Serial_Bus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Universal Serial Bus
trans_list: USB
sense:
(computing) An international standard for interconnecting personal computer devices using simple plugs and sockets and lightweight cables.


lexentry: eng/Unix__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Unix
trans_list: Unix
sense:
(computing, informal) Any of the above plus Unix-like operating systems similar to Unix but not qualifying for use of the UNIX trademark.


lexentry: eng/Unix_time__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Unix time
trans_list: heure Posix
sense:
(computing, uncountable) A widely used date and time representation that measures time by the number of nonleap seconds that have elapsed since 00:00:00 UTC on January 1, 1970.


lexentry: eng/Uno__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Uno
trans_list: Uno
sense:
A card game similar to crazy eights, played with specially printed cards that have colours instead of suits.


lexentry: eng/Unsupported_titles!slash!C%60num%60__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Unsupported titles/C`num`
trans_list: C#
sense:
(programming) An object-oriented programming language, resembling Java in some respects, developed by Microsoft Corporation as part of their .NET Framework initiative.


lexentry: eng/Upanishad__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Upanishad
trans_list: upanishad
sense:
Any of a set of authorless Hindu religious and philosophical texts considered to be an early source of the religion, found mostly as the concluding part of the Brahmanas and in the Aranyakas.


lexentry: eng/Upper_Egypt__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Upper Egypt
trans_list: Haute-Égypte
sense:
(Egyptology) The part of Ancient Egypt south of Memphis, so named because the Nile flows south to north.


lexentry: eng/Upper_Silesia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Upper Silesia
trans_list: Haute-Silésie
sense:
A historical region in Central Europe, the southeastern part of Silesia, today mostly within Poland with a small strip located in the Czech Republic.


lexentry: eng/Ural_Mountains__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ural Mountains
trans_list: monts Oural
sense:
A range of mountains in Russia that stretch from the Arctic to the Caspian Sea; traditionally, the border between Europe and Asia.


lexentry: eng/Uralic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Uralic
trans_list: ouralien
sense:
Pertaining to the Finno-Ugric and Samoyedic peoples, whose urheimat was the Ural Mountains, or to their languages, which constitute a language family, the Uralic languages.


lexentry: eng/Uranian__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Uranian
trans_list: uranien | uraniste
sense:
(literary, archaic) A male homosexual; also, a pederast; a man engaged in an erotic relationship with an adolescent boy.


lexentry: eng/Uranus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Uranus
trans_list: Ouranos | Ourane | Uranus
sense:
(Greek god) The Greek god who personified the sky and heavens and fathered the Titans. Roman counterpart: Caelus.


lexentry: eng/Urdu__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Urdu
trans_list: ourdou
sense:
Modern Standard Urdu, an Indo-Aryan language with native speakers mainly in Pakistan and North India. It is a standardized and Persianized version of Hindustani.


lexentry: eng/Urim_and_Thummim__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Urim and Thummim
trans_list: Ourim et Toumim
sense:
Certain sacred objects (whose precise form and nature is unknown) that were worn on the breastplate of the Jewish high priest, as described in the Bible, and used in divination or casting lots. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/Ursa_Major__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ursa Major
trans_list: Grande Ourse
sense:
(constellation) A large circumpolar constellation of the northern sky, said to resemble a bear. It includes the familiar asterism the Big Dipper and the stars Mizar, Dubhe, and Alkaid.


lexentry: eng/Ursa_Minor__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ursa Minor
trans_list: Petite Ourse
sense:
(constellation) A circumpolar constellation of the northern sky, said to resemble a bear. It includes the familiar asterism of the Little Dipper and, as part of it, the northern pole star Polaris, as well as Kochab.


lexentry: eng/Uruguay__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Uruguay
trans_list: Uruguay
sense:
A country in South America. Official name: Oriental Republic of Uruguay. Capital and largest city: Montevideo.


lexentry: eng/Usenet__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Usenet
trans_list: Usenet
sense:
(Internet) A world-wide distributed discussion system consisting of newsgroups that are classified hierarchically by subject.


lexentry: eng/Ushant__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ushant
trans_list: Ouessant
sense:
An island located in the department of Finistère, Brittany, France, at the southwestern end of the English Channel, marking the northwesternmost point of metropolitan France.


lexentry: eng/Usonia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Usonia
trans_list: américain
sense:
The United States of America; a mononymous name for the country that does not convey the ambiguity of "America".


lexentry: eng/Utraquism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Utraquism
trans_list: utraquisme
sense:
(historical, Christianity) The moderate Hussite ideology that the faithful, specifically including laity, should receive Communion under both kinds (sub utraque specie), that is to say, receive both bread and wine during the Eucharist; moderate Hussitism.


lexentry: eng/Uzhhorod__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Uzhhorod
trans_list: Oujgorod | Oujhorod
sense:
A city in the Carpathian Mountains, municipal and regional administrative centre of Zakarpattia Oblast in western Ukraine.


lexentry: eng/VE_Day__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: VE Day
trans_list: Jour V
sense:
Initialism of Victory in Europe Day: the date 8 May 1945 when Germany unconditionally surrendered its armed forces to the Allies, bringing World War II to an end; and each anniversary commemorating that date.


lexentry: eng/Vale_of_Tempe__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Vale of Tempe
trans_list: vallée de Tempé
sense:
The ancient name of a gorge in northern Thessaly, Greece, located between Olympus to the north and Ossa to the south.


lexentry: eng/Valence__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Valence
trans_list: Valence
sense:
A city and commune, the capital of the department of Drôme, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region, southeastern France.


lexentry: eng/Valencian_Community__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Valencian Community
trans_list: Communauté valencienne | Pays valencien
sense:
An autonomous community of Spain located in the eastern part of the Iberian Peninsula. Area: 23,255 sq km (8,979 sq mi). Population (2009): 5,111,706. Historically, a kingdom also including the town of Caudete.


lexentry: eng/Valetudo__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Valetudo
trans_list: Valétudo
sense:
(Roman god) Roman goddess of health and hygiene (equivalent to the Greek Hygieia), great-granddaughter of Jupiter.


lexentry: eng/Valhalla__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Valhalla
trans_list: Valhalla | Walhalla | Valhalle | valhalla | walhalla
sense:
(Norse mythology) The home of half of all warriors who died gloriously in battle as well as many of the Æsir.


lexentry: eng/Valle_d'Aosta__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Valle d'Aosta
trans_list: Val d'Aoste | Vallée d'Aoste
sense:
An autonomous region of northwestern Italy, with a significant fraction of the population speaking Franco-Provençal.


lexentry: eng/Valley_of_the_Kings__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Valley of the Kings
trans_list: Vallée des rois
sense:
(Egyptology) A valley in Egypt, on the west bank of the Nile, known for the tombs constructed there for the pharaohs.


lexentry: eng/Valyrian__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Valyrian
trans_list: valyrien
sense:
A family of constructed languages created by David J. Peterson for the television adaptation of Game of Thrones.


lexentry: eng/Van_Allen_radiation_belt__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Van Allen radiation belt
trans_list: ceinture de radiations de Van Allen
sense:
(astronomy, physics) Either of two torus-shaped areas of high-energy charged particles which partly surround Earth, trapped by its magnetic field. The areas are characterised by intense radiation. When the belts "overload", particles strike the upper atmosphere and fluoresce, causing the polar aurora.


lexentry: eng/Van_Diemen's_Land__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Van Diemen's Land
trans_list: terre de Van Diemen
sense:
The former name (until 1856) of the then-British colony and current state of Australia now known as Tasmania.


lexentry: eng/Van__Proper_noun__3
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Van
trans_list: monospace
sense:
A province and metropolitan municipality in easternmost Turkey, partly surrounding the lake, with a Kurdish majority.


lexentry: eng/Vandalic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Vandalic
trans_list: vandale
sense:
The extinct East Germanic language spoken by the Vandals, probably closely related to the Gothic language.


lexentry: eng/Vanir__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Vanir
trans_list: Vanes
sense:
The principal deities, as a group, of the Norse pantheon that represent chaos, fertility, and cultivation; opponents of the Æsir.


lexentry: eng/Vanuatu__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Vanuatu
trans_list: Vanuatu
sense:
A country and archipelago of Melanesia in Oceania. Official name: Republic of Vanuatu. Capital and largest city: Port Vila.


lexentry: eng/Varangian__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Varangian
trans_list: Varègue
sense:
(historical) A member of the ethnically Scandinavian people around the borders of Constantinople in the ninth and tenth centuries.


lexentry: eng/Vatican_City_State__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Vatican City State
trans_list: État de la Cité du Vatican
sense:
Official name of Vatican City: a city-state in Southern Europe, an enclave within the city of Rome, Italy.


lexentry: eng/Vatican_City__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Vatican City
trans_list: Vatican | Cité du Vatican
sense:
A city-state in Southern Europe, an enclave within the city of Rome, Italy. Official name: Vatican City State.


lexentry: eng/Veda__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Veda
trans_list: véda
sense:
(Hinduism) Any of a large body of texts originating in Ancient India. They form the oldest layer of Sanskrit literature and the oldest sacred texts of Hinduism.


lexentry: eng/Vega__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Vega
trans_list: Véga
sense:
(star) The brightest star in the constellation Lyra; Alpha (α) Lyrae. It forms one corner of the Summer Triangle.


lexentry: eng/Vela__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Vela
trans_list: Voiles
sense:
(constellation) A spring constellation of the northern sky, said to resemble the sails of a ship. Until 1763, it was part of a larger constellation, Argo Navis.


lexentry: eng/Velcro__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Velcro
trans_list: velcro
sense:
A fastener consisting of two strips of fabric, one covered with minute fiber hooks and the other with tiny fiber loops, which stick strongly together but can be pulled apart.


lexentry: eng/Velvet_Revolution__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Velvet Revolution
trans_list: révolution de velours
sense:
Any non-violent political revolution, especially the events in Czechoslovakia that led to the velvet divorce.


lexentry: eng/Vendée__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Vendée
trans_list: Vendée
sense:
A right tributary of the Sèvre Niortaise in western France, flowing through the departments of Deux-Sèvres, Vendée and Charente-Maritime.


lexentry: eng/Vendémiaire__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Vendémiaire
trans_list: vendémiaire
sense:
(historical) The first month of the French Republican Calendar, starting on the date of the autumnal equinox (September 22, 23 or 24) and ending on October 21, 22 or 23.


lexentry: eng/Venetian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Venetian
trans_list: vénitien
sense:
Of, from or relating to the city of Venice or surrounding province, Veneto region, northeastern Italy.


lexentry: eng/Venetian__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Venetian
trans_list: Vénitien | Vénitienne
sense:
A native or inhabitant of the city of Venice or surrounding province, Veneto region, northeastern Italy.


lexentry: eng/Venetian_blind__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Venetian blind
trans_list: jalousie | store vénitien
sense:
A blind consisting of overlapping horizontal, flat slats, usually made of metal, vinyl or wood, that can be tilted so as to let in more or less light.


lexentry: eng/Venetic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Venetic
trans_list: vénète
sense:
(historical, _, linguistics) An extinct Indo-European language once spoken by the Veneti people who lived between the Po River delta in northeastern Italy and the southern Alps in Slovenia in antiquity.


lexentry: eng/Venezuela__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Venezuela
trans_list: Venezuela | Vénézuéla
sense:
A country in South America. Official name: Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela. Capital and largest city: Caracas.


lexentry: eng/Venice__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Venice
trans_list: Venise
sense:
A port city and comune, the capital of the Metropolitan City of Venice and the region of Veneto, Italy; former capital of an independent republic.


lexentry: eng/Venice__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: Venice
trans_list: Venise
sense:
(historical) A former polity in Europe, a republic and colonial empire around the Adriatic and eastern Mediterranean from CE 697 to 1797 with its capital at Venice.


lexentry: eng/Venn_diagram__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Venn diagram
trans_list: diagramme de Venn
sense:
(set theory) A diagram representing some sets by contours of closed shapes, such as circles or ellipses (and sometimes also the universal set as a rectangle enclosing all of these shapes), and indicating the relationships between the sets: by overlapping the shapes to show that the corresponding sets have a non-empty intersection, and by possibly (but not necessarily) enclosing all of the sets (which are proper subsets of the universal set) within a universal set (represented typically by a rectangle); such that the total number of simply connected regions is 2^n, where n is the number of depicted sets which are proper subsets of the universal set.


lexentry: eng/Ventôse__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ventôse
trans_list: ventôse
sense:
(historical) The sixth month of the French Republican Calendar, from February 19, 20 or 21 to March 20 or 21.


lexentry: eng/Venus_flytrap__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Venus flytrap
trans_list: dionée
sense:
An insectivorous plant of the savannas of North and South Carolina, Dionaea muscipula; the leaves are hinged and bordered with stiff hairs, and close when an insect alights on them.


lexentry: eng/Veps__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Veps
trans_list: vepse
sense:
The Veps language, spoken by the Vepses, belonging to the Finnic group of the Finno-Ugric languages.


lexentry: eng/Vercingetorix__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Vercingetorix
trans_list: Vercingétorix
sense:
72 BCE–46 BCE, the chieftain of the Arverni, leader of the great Gallic revolt against the Romans in 53–52 BCE.


lexentry: eng/Verdun__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Verdun
trans_list: Verdun
sense:
A small city in Meuse department, Grand Est, France, the site of a ten-month long battle in World War I.


lexentry: eng/Vernon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Vernon
trans_list: Vernon
sense:
An English habitational surname from Anglo-Norman, originally a Norman baronial name, derived from the town in Normandy.


lexentry: eng/Verona__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Verona
trans_list: Vérone
sense:
A city, the capital of the province of Verona, straddling the river Adige in Veneto, northern Italy.


lexentry: eng/Versailles__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Versailles
trans_list: Versailles
sense:
A city, suburb of Paris and capital of Yvelines department, Île-de-France, and the former capital of France.


lexentry: eng/Vesta__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Vesta
trans_list: Vesta
sense:
(Roman god) The virgin goddess of the hearth, fire, and the household, and therefore a deity of domestic life. The Roman counterpart of Hestia.


lexentry: eng/Vichy_France__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Vichy France
trans_list: Régime de Vichy
sense:
(historical) The pro-Axis collaborationist government headed by Marshal Philippe Pétain from 1940 to 1944 during World War II, based in the small city of Vichy (although with Paris remaining the official capital).


lexentry: eng/Vichy__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Vichy
trans_list: Vichy
sense:
A town in Allier department, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region, France; the capital of Vichy France during World War II.


lexentry: eng/Victoria_Cross__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Victoria Cross
trans_list: croix de Victoria
sense:
The highest military award in the honours system of the United Kingdom, and some members of the Commonwealth of Nations. Its symbol is a form of cross pattée.


lexentry: eng/Victoria_Day__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Victoria Day
trans_list: Fête de la Reine
sense:
(Canada) A holiday commemorating the birthdays of Queen Victoria and the reigning monarch of Canada, falling on the last Monday before May 25.


lexentry: eng/Victoria_Falls__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Victoria Falls
trans_list: chutes Victoria
sense:
A waterfall located in southern Africa on the Zambezi river between the countries of Zambia and Zimbabwe.


lexentry: eng/Victoria__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Victoria
trans_list: Victoria
sense:
A state of Australia, located in the southeastern part of the continent; a former British colony from 1851 to 1901. Capital: Melbourne.


lexentry: eng/Victorian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Victorian
trans_list: victorien
sense:
(figuratively) Of or displaying the (supposed) ideals or standards of morality of that period; conservative; also, old-fashioned, out-of-date.


lexentry: eng/Victory_Day__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Victory Day
trans_list: Jour de la Victoire
sense:
Any of various public holidays in various countries to commemorate victories in important battles or wars in the countries' history.


lexentry: eng/Vidofnir__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Vidofnir
trans_list: Vidofnir
sense:
(Norse mythology) A mythological bird (variously, a falcon or a rooster) that inhabits the top of Mímameiðr, a tree identified with Yggdrasil; sometimes positioned on the brow of another cosmic bird.


lexentry: eng/Vienne__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Vienne
trans_list: Vienne
sense:
A left tributary of the Loire in southwest France, flowing through the departments of Corrèze, Creuse, Haute-Vienne, Charente, Vienne and Indre-et-Loire.


lexentry: eng/Vietnam_War__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Vietnam War
trans_list: guerre du Vietnam
sense:
(historical) The war that occurred in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia between 1955 and 1975 between South Vietnam (backed by the United States and SEATO) and North Vietnam aiding the South Vietnamese communist guerrilla army known as the Vietcong (supported by the People's Republic of China and the Soviet Union) for the struggle for total Communist control of Vietnam as one state.


lexentry: eng/Vietnamese_balm__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Vietnamese balm
trans_list: baume vietnamien | kinh gioi
sense:
A Southeast Asian herb used in food for its lemon flavor, especially in Vietnamese cuisine, Elsholtzia ciliata


lexentry: eng/Vietnamese_greenfinch__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Vietnamese greenfinch
trans_list: verdier du Viêt Nam
sense:
Chloris monguilloti, a small passerine bird in the finch family Fringillidae, endemic to the Đà Lạt plateau in Vietnam.


lexentry: eng/Viking_Age__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Viking Age
trans_list: Áge des Vikings
sense:
(historical) In European history, especially Scandinavian history, the period spanning the late 8th to 11th centuries, when the Scandinavian Norsemen explored Europe for trade and conquest.


lexentry: eng/Viking__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Viking
trans_list: Viking | viking
sense:
(historical) Scandinavian/Northern European seafarers, most familiarly raiders and pirates during the Viking age.


lexentry: eng/Virgil__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Virgil
trans_list: Virgile
sense:
Pūblius Vergilius Marō (70–19 BCE), Roman epic writer from the Augustan period, best known for writing the Aeneid.


lexentry: eng/Virgin_Islands__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Virgin Islands
trans_list: Îles Vierges | îles Vierges
sense:
An archipelago of the Caribbean Sea, comprising the British Virgin Islands and the United States Virgin Islands.


lexentry: eng/Virginia_stock__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Virginia stock
trans_list: julienne de Mahon
sense:
A fragrant flower related to the stock, native to Greece and Albania, but widely grown in gardens elsewhere, Malcolmia maritima.


lexentry: eng/Virgo__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Virgo
trans_list: Vierge
sense:
(zodiac constellations) : A constellation in the zodiac, imagined in the shape of a maiden, that contains the bright binary star Spica.


lexentry: eng/Virgo__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Virgo
trans_list: Vierge
sense:
(astrology) : The zodiac sign for the virgin, ruled by Mercury, that covers August 23 – September 23 (tropical astrology) or September 16 – October 15 (sidereal astrology).


lexentry: eng/Vishnu__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Vishnu
trans_list: Vishnou
sense:
(Hinduism) One of the Trimurti (trinity) in Hindu mythology, and the most venerated god in Hinduism.


lexentry: eng/Visigoth__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Visigoth
trans_list: Wisigoth | wisigoth
sense:
Any member of an ancient East Germanic tribe, one branch of the Goths (the Ostrogoths being the other), which participated in several wars with Rome and established a kingdom with Toulouse for its capital.


lexentry: eng/Vitruvian_Man__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Vitruvian Man
trans_list: homme de Vitruve
sense:
A drawing of human anatomy created by Leonardo da Vinci around the year 1487, or a representation of it.


lexentry: eng/Vitruvian_scroll__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Vitruvian scroll
trans_list: flots grecs
sense:
(architecture) A scroll pattern used in borders and architectural mouldings, resembling waves in water or a series of parchment scrolls viewed on end.


lexentry: eng/Vladivostok__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Vladivostok
trans_list: Vladivostok
sense:
A city and seaport in the Russian Far East, on the Sea of Japan, near North Korea; the administrative centre of Primorsky Krai.


lexentry: eng/Volans__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Volans
trans_list: Poisson volant
sense:
(constellation) A small circumpolar constellation of the southern sky, said to resemble a flying fish.


lexentry: eng/Volga__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Volga
trans_list: Volga
sense:
A river in Russia, the longest river in Europe, flowing 2,325 miles through western Russia to the Caspian Sea.


lexentry: eng/Volhynia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Volhynia
trans_list: Volhynie | Volynie
sense:
(historical) A geographic region of Eastern Europe, now divided between southeastern Poland, northwestern Ukraine, and southwestern Belarus.


lexentry: eng/Voluptas__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Voluptas
trans_list: Volupté
sense:
(Roman god) The Roman goddess of sensual pleasures. She is the daughter of Eros/Cupid and Psyche, and the grandaughter of Aphrodite/Venus and Ares/Mars. She is the Roman counterpart of Hedone.


lexentry: eng/Voroshylovhrad__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Voroshylovhrad
trans_list: oblast de Virochilovgrad
sense:
A former name, from its establishment in 1938 until 1958 and again from 1970 until 1990, of the oblast of Luhansk.


lexentry: eng/Vuhledar__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Vuhledar
trans_list: Vuhledar
sense:
A city, the administrative centre of Vuhledar urban hromada, Volnovakha Raion, Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine, founded in 1964 around the Pivdennodonbaska 1 coal mine.


lexentry: eng/Vulcan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Vulcan
trans_list: Vulcain
sense:
(Roman god) The god of volcanoes and fire, especially the forge, also the patron of all craftsmen, especially blacksmiths. The Roman counterpart of Hephaestus.


lexentry: eng/Vulcan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Vulcan
trans_list: Vulcain
sense:
(astronomy, historical) A hypothetical planet proposed in the 19th century to exist in an orbit between Mercury and the Sun.


lexentry: eng/Vulcan_salute__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Vulcan salute
trans_list: salut vulcain
sense:
A gesture of greeting among Star Trek fans, consisting of a raised hand with the palm forward and the thumb extended, and the fingers parted between the middle finger and ring finger.


lexentry: eng/Vulgar_Latin__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Vulgar Latin
trans_list: latin vulgaire
sense:
(linguistics, historical) The Latin language as spoken by the Roman people, as opposed to Classical Latin as written in formal literature. Developed into Proto-Romance and descendant languages in the Early Middle Ages.


lexentry: eng/Vyborg__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Vyborg
trans_list: Vyborg
sense:
A city in Leningrad Oblast, Russia. In earlier times was part of Finland and Sweden, pop. 79,224 (as of 2002).


lexentry: eng/Vègre__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Vègre
trans_list: Vègre
sense:
A river, a right tributary of the Sarthe, having its source near Rouessé-Vassé, its generally southward course in the Sarthe department, France, and its mouth near Avoise.


lexentry: eng/Võro__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Võro
trans_list: võro
sense:
A language belonging to the Finnic branch of the Uralic languages. It is sometimes considered a dialect of Estonian.


lexentry: eng/W-boson__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: W-boson
trans_list: boson W
sense:
(particle) a fundamental particle, a gauge boson, that, together with the Z-boson, mediates the weak nuclear force; it has a charge of ± 1


lexentry: eng/Wadden_Sea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Wadden Sea
trans_list: mer des Wadden
sense:
A shallow and narrow sea peripheral to the North Sea, situated between the Frisian Islands and the mainland coasts of Denmark, Germany and the Netherlands.


lexentry: eng/Wadjet__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Wadjet
trans_list: Ouadjet
sense:
(Egyptian god) The patron goddess and namesake of the Ancient Egyptian city of Per-Wadjet, known as Buto to the Greeks. Wadjet takes the form of a cobra and is associated with the Eye of Horus.


lexentry: eng/Wahhabism__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Wahhabism
trans_list: wahhabisme
sense:
(Islam) A Sunni Islamic fundamentalist reform movement based on the teachings of Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab (c. 1703–1792), followed primarily in Saudi Arabia and Qatar.


lexentry: eng/Waldense__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Waldense
trans_list: Vaudois
sense:
(historical, Christianity) A member of a sect of dissenters from the ecclesiastical system of the Roman Catholic Church, who in the 13th century were driven by persecution to the valleys of Piedmont.


lexentry: eng/Waldorf_salad__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Waldorf salad
trans_list: salade Waldorf
sense:
(countable, and, uncountable) A type of salad, consisting of apple, nuts (especially walnuts), celery, and mayonnaise or a mayonnaise-based dressing.


lexentry: eng/Wall-Sun-Sun_prime__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Wall-Sun-Sun prime
trans_list: nombre premier de Wall-Sun-Sun
sense:
(number theory) A (hypothetical) prime number p such that p^2 divides F_{\pi(p)}, where F_n is the Fibonacci sequence and \pi(p) is the pth Pisano period (the period length of the Fibonacci sequence reduced modulo p).


lexentry: eng/Wallis_and_Futuna__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Wallis and Futuna
trans_list: Wallis-et-Futuna
sense:
An archipelago and overseas territory of France in Oceania. Official name: Territory of the Wallis and Futuna Islands.


lexentry: eng/Walloon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Walloon
trans_list: wallon
sense:
A Romance language traditionally spoken in parts of southern Belgium and a small strip of northern France (around Givet).


lexentry: eng/Walpurgis_night__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Walpurgis night
trans_list: Nuit de Walpurgis
sense:
Walpurgisnacht ("Walpurga's night"), a feast of witchcraft in German folklore, observed on 30 April.


lexentry: eng/Wandering_Jew__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Wandering Jew
trans_list: juif errant
sense:
A Jewish shoemaker who, in Christian tradition, taunted Jesus Christ on the way to his (Jesus') crucifixion and for that was condemned to wander the Earth until Jesus' return (ie. the second coming).


lexentry: eng/Wanderwort__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Wanderwort
trans_list: mot voyageur | mot vagabond
sense:
(linguistics) A loanword that has spread to many different languages, often through trade or the adoption of foreign cultural practices.


lexentry: eng/War_of_1812__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: War of 1812
trans_list: guerre de 1812
sense:
(historical) A military conflict that lasted from 1812 to 1815, fought between the United States of America and the United Kingdom, its North American colonies, and its North American Indian allies.


lexentry: eng/Waray-Waray__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Waray-Waray
trans_list: waray
sense:
(linguistics) A central Philippine Visayan language from the islands of Samar, Biliran, and northeast Leyte.


lexentry: eng/Warholian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Warholian
trans_list: warholien
sense:
(art) Of or pertaining to Andy Warhol (Andrew Warhola, 1928–1987), American painter, printmaker and filmmaker, or his style or works.


lexentry: eng/Warner__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Warner
trans_list: Garnier
sense:
A surname originating as a patronymic derived from a medieval given name, from Germanic war, warin "cautious; heedful; wary; watchful" + her, heri "army", modern German Werner.


lexentry: eng/Warsaw_Pact__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Warsaw Pact
trans_list: pacte de Varsovie | Pacte de Varsovie
sense:
(historical) A pact (long-term alliance treaty) signed on May 14, 1955 in Warsaw by the Soviet Union and its Communist military allies in Europe.


lexentry: eng/Warsaw_Uprising__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Warsaw Uprising
trans_list: insurrection de Varsovie
sense:
(historical) a major World War II operation, in the summer of 1944, by the Polish underground resistance, led by the Home Army, to liberate Warsaw from German occupation.


lexentry: eng/Warwick__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Warwick
trans_list: Warwick
sense:
A town and civil parish with a town council in Warwick district, and the county town of Warwickshire, England (OS grid ref SP2865).


lexentry: eng/Warwickshire__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Warwickshire
trans_list: Warwickshire
sense:
An inland county of England bordered by Staffordshire, Leicestershire, Northamptonshire, Oxfordshire, Gloucestershire, West Midlands and Worcestershire.


lexentry: eng/Washington,_D.C.__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Washington, D.C.
trans_list: Washington | Washington, district de Columbia
sense:
The capital city of the United States, formally known as the District of Columbia. Abbreviated as D.C. or DC.


lexentry: eng/Washington__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Washington
trans_list: Washington
sense:
A state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. Capital: Olympia. Largest city: Seattle.


lexentry: eng/Watergate__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Watergate
trans_list: Watergate
sense:
An American political scandal (beginning with a burglary in the Watergate Hotel in Washington, DC, in 1972) that eventually led to the resignation of US President Richard Nixon.


lexentry: eng/Way_of_St._James__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Way of St. James
trans_list: chemin de Compostelle
sense:
Any of the pilgrimage routes to the shrine of the apostle St. James the Great, in Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain.


lexentry: eng/Way_of_the_Cross__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Way of the Cross
trans_list: chemin de croix
sense:
A series of pictures or statues depicting the Stations of the Cross, as laid out around a church, along a road etc.


lexentry: eng/Web_2.0__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Web 2.0
trans_list: Web 2.0
sense:
(Internet) The second generation of the World Wide Web, especially the movement away from static webpages to dynamic and shareable content, social networking, and online collaboration.


lexentry: eng/Web_service__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Web service
trans_list: service web | webservice
sense:
(Internet, Web) A software system designed to support interoperable machine-to-machine interaction over a network.


lexentry: eng/Weberian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Weberian
trans_list: wébérien
sense:
(sociology, economy) Of or relating to Max Weber (1864–1920), influential German sociologist and political economist.


lexentry: eng/Wednesday__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Wednesday
trans_list: mercredi
sense:
The fourth day of the week in many religious traditions, and the third day of the week in systems using the ISO 8601 norm; it follows Tuesday and precedes Thursday.


lexentry: eng/Weimar_Republic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Weimar Republic
trans_list: République de Weimar
sense:
(history) The democratic regime of Germany from 1919 to the assumption of power by Adolf Hitler in 1933.


lexentry: eng/Wellington__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Wellington
trans_list: Wellington
sense:
(card games) In the game of nap, a bid that results in the bidder winning quadruple, or losing double, the amount staked.


lexentry: eng/Wellington_boots__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Wellington boots
trans_list: bottes en caoutchouc
sense:
(British) Waterproof rubber boots, intended to be worn in wet or muddy conditions. Short forms: wellies (singular welly or wellie)


lexentry: eng/Weltschmerz__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Weltschmerz
trans_list: mélancolie
sense:
An apathetic or pessimistic view of life; depression concerning or discomfort with the human condition or state of the world; mal du siècle, world-weariness.


lexentry: eng/Wernicke's_aphasia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Wernicke's aphasia
trans_list: aphasie de Wernicke
sense:
(medicine, pathology) A type of aphasia traditionally associated with neurological damage to Wernicke's area in the brain; the patient speaks with normal grammar, syntax, and intonation, but may use the wrong words or insert non-existent words.


lexentry: eng/Wernicke's_area__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Wernicke's area
trans_list: aire de Wernicke
sense:
(anatomy) The posterior section of the superior temporal gyrus in the dominant cerebral hemisphere, one of two parts of the cerebral cortex linked with speech (the other being Broca's area).


lexentry: eng/Weser__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Weser
trans_list: Weser
sense:
A river in northwestern Germany, the longest entirely in the country, flowing north from south Lower Saxony into the North Sea.


lexentry: eng/Wessex__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Wessex
trans_list: Wessex
sense:
(historical) One of the seven major Anglo-Saxon kingdoms, existing between the 6th and 9th centuries, and comprising most of England south of the Thames.


lexentry: eng/West_Asia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: West Asia
trans_list: Asie de l'Ouest
sense:
The westernmost geographic region of Asia, which includes Anatolia, the Arabian Peninsula, Iran, the Levant, Mesopotamia, the Sinai Peninsula, and Transcaucasia.


lexentry: eng/West_Bank__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: West Bank
trans_list: Cisjordanie
sense:
A Palestinian territory on the west bank of the Jordan river, claimed by and under the partial administration of State of Palestine, and illegally occupied by Israel.


lexentry: eng/West_Flanders__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: West Flanders
trans_list: Flandre-Occidentale | Flandre occidentale
sense:
The larger western part of the historic countship of Flanders, also comprising part of French Flanders (in northern France) and retaining a distinctive type of dialects


lexentry: eng/West_Flemish__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: West Flemish
trans_list: flamand occidental
sense:
A group of Flemish dialects of the Dutch language in the western part of the historic countship of Flanders (now in Belgium and France)


lexentry: eng/West_Frisia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: West Frisia
trans_list: Frise
sense:
The traditionally Frisian areas that are located west of the Dollart (i.e. in the Netherlands), covering the province of Frisia, the Ommelanden and West Friesland.


lexentry: eng/West_Frisian__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: West Frisian
trans_list: frison occidental
sense:
A language spoken mostly in the province of Friesland, in the north of the Netherlands; one of the Frisian languages (or language varieties).


lexentry: eng/West_Germany__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: West Germany
trans_list: Allemagne de l'Ouest
sense:
(historical, 1949–1990) A former country in Central Europe, distinguished from the German Democratic Republic, commonly known as East Germany. Official name: Federal Republic of Germany.


lexentry: eng/West_Island__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: West Island
trans_list: Ouest-de-l'Île
sense:
A region of Montreal, Quebec, Canada; a region of the Island of Montreal composed of the cities and boroughs on the western portion of the island, and some neighbouring islands of that region; generally lying to the west of Autoroute 13.


lexentry: eng/West_Slavic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: West Slavic
trans_list: slave occidental
sense:
A subgrouping of the Slavic language family spoken mainly in Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Lusatia (a small area in Germany).


lexentry: eng/West_Yorkshire__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: West Yorkshire
trans_list: Yorkshire de l'Ouest
sense:
(from 1974) A metropolitan county in northern England bordering Derbyshire, South Yorkshire, North Yorkshire, Lancashire and Greater Manchester.


lexentry: eng/West__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: West
trans_list: Far West | Ouest
sense:
(US) The Western United States (sometimes excluding the West Coast), particularly (historical) in reference to the 19th century Wild West.


lexentry: eng/West__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: West
trans_list: Occident | Ouest
sense:
The western world; i.e. Western Europe, the US and Canada (sometimes includes Latin America), and Australia and New Zealand.


lexentry: eng/Westcentrism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Westcentrism
trans_list: occidentalocentrisme
sense:
The practice of viewing the world from a Western perspective, with an implied belief, either consciously or subconsciously, in the preeminence of Western culture.


lexentry: eng/Western_Abenaki__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Western Abenaki
trans_list: abénaki
sense:
The Abenaki language (an Algonquian) language), originally spoken in the northeastern United States; now spoken in Quebec.


lexentry: eng/Western_Armenian__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Western Armenian
trans_list: arménien occidental
sense:
One of the two standardized forms of the modern Armenian language, the other being Eastern Armenian. Following the Genocide of Armenians of 1915, it is now spoken by the descendants of Armenian survivors from the Ottoman Empire fleeing to Armenian diaspora, mainly in North America and South America, Europe and most of the Middle East except for Iran.


lexentry: eng/Western_Australia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Western Australia
trans_list: Australie-Occidentale
sense:
A state of Australia, occupying the western third of the continent; a former British colony until 1901. Capital: Perth.


lexentry: eng/Western_Hemisphere__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Western Hemisphere
trans_list: hémisphère ouest
sense:
The hemisphere in Earth to the west of the Greenwich meridian (zero degree longitude) and east of 180 degrees longitude (approximately the International Date Line), containing the Americas and a small part of eastern Russia.


lexentry: eng/Western_Regions__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Western Regions
trans_list: Régions de l'Ouest
sense:
(historical) A geographic region of Central Asia, west of ancient China's Jade Gate along the Silk Road; sometimes including parts of the Indian subcontinent.


lexentry: eng/Western_Sahara__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Western Sahara
trans_list: Sahara occidental
sense:
A territory and former Spanish colony in North Africa, now mostly occupied by Morocco, which claims ownership over the territory.


lexentry: eng/Western_Wall__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Western Wall
trans_list: Mur des Lamentations
sense:
(Judaism) An ancient wall on the western side of the Temple Mount in Jerusalem, remnant of the Jewish Second Temple. It is the holiest site in Judaism.


lexentry: eng/Westernism__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Westernism
trans_list: occidentaliste
sense:
(historical) An 19th-century intellectual ideology which saw Russia's development as dependent upon the adoption of Western European technology and liberal government.


lexentry: eng/Westernizer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Westernizer
trans_list: occidentaliste
sense:
(historical) A member of a group of 19th-century intellectuals who believed that Russia's development depended upon the adoption of Western European technology and liberal government.


lexentry: eng/Westminster_Abbey__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Westminster Abbey
trans_list: abbaye de Westminster
sense:
A large Gothic church, on the scale of a cathedral, next to the Houses of Parliament in London; the traditional place of coronation and burial of English monarchs.


lexentry: eng/Westminster__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Westminster
trans_list: Ouestmoutiers
sense:
The City of Westminster: a London borough of Greater London including the principal offices of the British government.


lexentry: eng/Westminster_system__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Westminster system
trans_list: système de Westminster
sense:
(politics) A democratic parliamentary system of government, used by and modelled after the British parliament in Westminster.


lexentry: eng/Westphalian__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Westphalian
trans_list: Westphalienne | Westphalien
sense:
A native or inhabitant of Westphalia, a geographic region, part of the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.


lexentry: eng/Wetherill_diagram__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Wetherill diagram
trans_list: diagramme de Wetherill
sense:
(geology, geochronology) A type of concordia diagram, used in the context of uranium–lead dating, whose axes are the ratios 206Pb/238U and 237Pb/235Pb.


lexentry: eng/Wheatstone_bridge__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Wheatstone bridge
trans_list: pont de Wheatstone
sense:
An instrument used to measure an unknown electrical resistance by balancing two legs of a bridge circuit, one leg of which includes the unknown component.


lexentry: eng/Wheel_of_Fortune__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Wheel of Fortune
trans_list: Rota Fortunae | roue de la Fortune
sense:
(mythology, philosophy) The mythological wheel turned randomly by Fortuna, the Roman goddess of fate, fortune, and luck, to determine people's fortunes which were thus unpredictable.


lexentry: eng/Wheel_of_Fortune__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Wheel of Fortune
trans_list: la roue de fortune
sense:
(tarot) A tarot card with an image of Fortuna's wheel (sense 1), generally the tenth of 22 trumps of the major arcana in most tarot decks.


lexentry: eng/Whig__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Whig
trans_list: whig
sense:
(UK politics, historic) A member of an 18th- and 19th-century political party in Britain that was opposed to the Tories, and eventually became the Liberal Party.


lexentry: eng/Whirling_Dervish__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Whirling Dervish
trans_list: derviche tourneur
sense:
A Sufi of an ascetic order, centered in Turkey but widespread internationally, whose ritual religious observances involve mystical poetry of Mevlana (Rumi), music, and a whirling dance.


lexentry: eng/White's_thrush__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: White's thrush
trans_list: grive dorée
sense:
A thrush found mainly in eastern Asia and Siberia and rare vagrant to western Europe, of species Zoothera aurea (or formerly, sometimes of subspecies Zoothera dauma aurea).


lexentry: eng/White_Russian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: White Russian
trans_list: russe blanc
sense:
Of or relating to Russians with tsarist or anti-Soviet sympathies in the period directly following the Revolution in 1917.


lexentry: eng/Whitsunday__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Whitsunday
trans_list: Pentecôte
sense:
(Christianity) The Sunday on which the feast or festival of Pentecost falls, seven weeks after Easter.


lexentry: eng/Wi-Fi__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Wi-Fi
trans_list: Wi-Fi | connexion sans fil
sense:
(networking, uncountable) Any of several standards for short-range wireless data transmission (IEEE 802.11).


lexentry: eng/Wicca__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Wicca
trans_list: wicca
sense:
A neopagan religion that was first popularized by books written in 1949, 1954, and 1959 by Englishman Gerald Gardner, involving the worship of a horned male god and a moon goddess, the observance of eight Sabbats, and the performance of various rituals.


lexentry: eng/Wigner_crystal__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Wigner crystal
trans_list: cristal de Wigner
sense:
(condensed matter physics) A solid crystalline phase of electrons that forms when the electron density is sufficiently low.


lexentry: eng/Wii__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Wii
trans_list: Wii
sense:
(video games) A video game system released worldwide by Nintendo in 2006, noted for its unique motion-based control system.


lexentry: eng/Wiimote__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Wiimote
trans_list: Wiimote
sense:
(video games, informal) The Wii Remote, the primary controller for the Nintendo Wii game console, noted for its motion-sensing capabilities.


lexentry: eng/WikiProject__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: WikiProject
trans_list: wikiprojet
sense:
(WMF) A group of editors who work together on improving the coverage of a particular topic on a wiki, especially on Wikipedia.


lexentry: eng/Wikipedian__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Wikipedian
trans_list: wikipédiste | wikipédien
sense:
(WMF) A person who contributes to Wikipedia, especially a regular contributor well versed in the ways of the website.


lexentry: eng/Wiktionarian__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Wiktionarian
trans_list: wiktionnariste | wikidémicien | wikidémicienne
sense:
(Wikimedia jargon) A person who contributes to Wiktionary, especially a regular contributor well versed in the ways of the site.


lexentry: eng/Wiktionary__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Wiktionary
trans_list: Wiktionnaire
sense:
A particular version of this dictionary project, written in a certain language, such as the English-language Wiktionary (often known simply as the English Wiktionary).


lexentry: eng/Wild_West__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Wild West
trans_list: Far West
sense:
(historical) The western United States during the 19th-century era of settlement, commonly believed to be lawless and unruly.


lexentry: eng/Wild_West__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Wild West
trans_list: bordel | cirque | far west | foutoir
sense:
(by extension) A place or situation in which disorderly behavior prevails, especially due to a lack of regulatory oversight or an inadequate legal system.


lexentry: eng/Williamite__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Williamite
trans_list: guillemin
sense:
A member of the Hermits of Saint William, a religious order founded by disciples of William of Maleval.


lexentry: eng/Wilson's_storm_petrel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Wilson's storm petrel
trans_list: océanite de Wilson
sense:
A small seabird of species Oceanites oceanicus in the storm petrel family Oceanitidae, breeding on the Antarctic coastlines and nearby islands such as the South Shetland Islands.


lexentry: eng/Windows__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Windows
trans_list: Windows
sense:
(operating systems, trademark) Microsoft Windows, an operating system with a WIMP graphical user interface that dominates the personal computer market.


lexentry: eng/Windward_Islands__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Windward Islands
trans_list: îles du Vent
sense:
The southern islands of the Lesser Antilles, composed of the island nations of Dominica, Martinique, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Barbados, Grenada and Trinidad and Tobago.


lexentry: eng/Winnie_the_Pooh__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Winnie the Pooh
trans_list: Winnie l'ourson
sense:
A talking bear from an English children's book series carrying the same name, noted for his sweet, simple nature, and his love of honey.


lexentry: eng/Winnipeg__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Winnipeg
trans_list: rivière Winnipeg
sense:
A river that flows 813 km from Lake of the Woods, Ontario into Lake Winnipeg in Manitoba; in full, Winnipeg River.


lexentry: eng/Winter_Triangle__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Winter Triangle
trans_list: Triangle d'hiver
sense:
[the W- T-] (asterism) A bright asterism of the northern winter sky. Its corners are the three 1st-magnitude stars Betelgeuse (α Ori), Procyon (α CMi), and Sirius (α CMa).


lexentry: eng/Wisconsin_Dells__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Wisconsin Dells
trans_list: Wisconsin Dells
sense:
A city in Adams County, Columbia County, Juneau County and Sauk County, where these counties meet in Wisconsin, United States.


lexentry: eng/Wisdom__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Wisdom
trans_list: Sagesse
sense:
(book of the bible) The Wisdom of Solomon, a book of the Catholic and Eastern Orthodox canon of the Old Testament, considered apocryphal by Protestants.


lexentry: eng/Witt_group__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Witt group
trans_list: groupe de Witt
sense:
(algebra) Given a field k of characteristic ≠ 2, the abelian group of equivalence classes of nondegenerate symmetric bilinear forms over k (where the equivalence relation is such that two forms are equivalent if each is obtainable from the other by adding a metabolic quadratic space), with the group operation corresponding to that of orthogonal direct sum of forms;(algebraic geometry, by extension) given a variety X, the quotient of the Grothendieck group of isometry classes of quadratic spaces on X, with respect to orthogonal sum, modulo the subgroup generated by metabolic spaces(category theory, by extension) given a category with duality, the quotient of isometry classes of symmetric spaces, modulo metabolic spaces.


lexentry: eng/Woden__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Woden
trans_list: Wotan | Odin
sense:
The Germanic chief god, distributor of talents and god of wisdom and war (corresponding to Odin), especially in his Anglo-Saxon form.


lexentry: eng/Wolffian_duct__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Wolffian duct
trans_list: canal de Wolff
sense:
(embryology) A paired structure found in mammals including humans that develops in the early stages of embryonic development and plays a critical role in the formation of internal male reproductive organs; precursor to the vasa deferentia, seminal vesicles, and epididymides.


lexentry: eng/Wookiee__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Wookiee
trans_list: wookie
sense:
A member of a fictional race of tall, hairy bipeds in the universe of the Star Wars motion pictures.


lexentry: eng/Worcestershire_sauce__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Worcestershire sauce
trans_list: sauce Worcestershire
sense:
An English condiment made with vinegar, onions, garlic, etc.; a thin piquant sauce used as a table sauce, to flavour casseroles etc. and as an ingredient in Bloody Marys.


lexentry: eng/World_Bank__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: World Bank
trans_list: Banque mondiale
sense:
A group of five financial organizations whose purpose is economic development and the elimination of poverty.


lexentry: eng/World_Exposition__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: World Exposition
trans_list: expo | exposition universelle
sense:
Any of various large international expositions held since the mid 19th century, often called "Expo".


lexentry: eng/World_Trade_Organization__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: World Trade Organization
trans_list: Organisation mondiale du commerce | OMC | WTO
sense:
An international organization designed by its founders to supervise and liberalize international trade.


lexentry: eng/World_War_II__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: World War II
trans_list: Seconde Guerre mondiale | Deuxième Guerre mondiale
sense:
(history) The war from 1939 to 1945 of the Allied forces, including the United Kingdom, the Soviet Union, the United States, France, and China, against the Axis Powers, including Germany, Italy, and Japan.


lexentry: eng/World_War_I__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: World War I
trans_list: Première Guerre mondiale
sense:
(history) The war from 1914 to 1918 between the Entente Powers of the British Empire, Russian Empire, France, Italy, the United States and other allied nations, against the Central Powers represented by the German Empire, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire, and Bulgaria.


lexentry: eng/World_Wide_Web__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: World Wide Web
trans_list: Toile d'araignée mondiale
sense:
(Internet) Usually preceded by the: all of the hypertext documents (web pages) on the Internet collectively, which are (1) stored in various inter-hyperlinked computers around the world, and (2) retrieved typically by means of the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) or (currently more often) its secure version (HTTPS), among others.


lexentry: eng/Wormian_bone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Wormian bone
trans_list: os wormien
sense:
(anatomy) Any small irregular bone occasionally occurring in the cranium in addition to the normal bones.


lexentry: eng/Wrocław__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Wrocław
trans_list: Wrocław | Breslau
sense:
A city in Lower Silesian Voivodeship, Silesia, in what is now southwestern Poland. (At different points in history, the city has been part of Bohemia, Prussia, Germany, and Poland.)


lexentry: eng/Wu__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Wu
trans_list: wu
sense:
(historic) The kingdom ruled by the Ji family from Wuxi and then Suzhou during the Spring and Autumn period of China's Zhou dynasty.


lexentry: eng/Wu__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Wu
trans_list: wu
sense:
The family of Chinese languages spoken in that region, including Shanghainese and Suzhounese, the second-most spoken family after Mandarin.


lexentry: eng/Wyandot__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Wyandot
trans_list: huron-wendat | wendat
sense:
A member of a Native American people, formed from the Huron confederacy, that lived in and around Ohio.


lexentry: eng/X-bar_theory__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: X-bar theory
trans_list: théorie X-barre
sense:
(linguistics) A theory that posits a common syntactic structure for different lexical categories. Each phrase (XP) is the projection of a head (X) and may optionally include a specifier (sister of X-bar, daughter of XP), adjuncts (sister and daughter of X-bar) and complements (sister of X, daughter of X-bar).


lexentry: eng/X-ray__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: X-ray
trans_list: rayon Röntgen | rayon X
sense:
Short wavelength electromagnetic radiation usually produced by bombarding a metal target in a vacuum. Used to create images of the internal structure of objects; this is possible because X-rays pass through most objects and can expose photographic film.


lexentry: eng/X-ray__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: X-ray
trans_list: radiographier | soumettre à un examen radiographique
sense:
(transitive, informal) To take a radiograph of; to obtain an image of using X-ray radiation, especially for the purpose of medical diagnostic evaluation.


lexentry: eng/X-ray_vision__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: X-ray vision
trans_list: vision à rayon X
sense:
(literally) Vision into the X-ray portion of the light spectrum, enabling visibility through certain solid matter.


lexentry: eng/XHTML__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: XHTML
trans_list: XHTML
sense:
Initialism of w:Extensible Hypertext Markup Language, a reformulation of HTML as an XML application.


lexentry: eng/XOR__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: XOR
trans_list: ou exclusif
sense:
(logic) The connective "exclusive or". One way to state its meaning in plain English is "if either A or B, but not if both."


lexentry: eng/XO_sauce__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: XO sauce
trans_list: sauce XO
sense:
A spicy sauce from Hong Kong, made from roughly chopped dried seafood, chili peppers, onions, and garlic.


lexentry: eng/X_chromosome__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: X chromosome
trans_list: chromosome X
sense:
(genetics) A mammalian sex chromosome: in the XY sex-determination system, cells of females typically have a pair of X chromosomes, while cells of males typically have an X and a Y.


lexentry: eng/Xavier__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Xavier
trans_list: Xavier
sense:
Any of various notable people with this name as given name or surname, especially Saint Francis Xavier, a Spanish Catholic saint and missionary (1506–1552).


lexentry: eng/Xbox__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Xbox
trans_list: Xbox
sense:
(video games, trademark) Any of the home consoles in Microsoft's Xbox product line, especially the original Xbox.


lexentry: eng/Xi'an__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Xi'an
trans_list: Xi'an
sense:
The provincial capital of Shaanxi, China; a subprovincial city in central China famed as the former capital of numerous Chinese dynasties, also known as Chang'an among other historical names.


lexentry: eng/Xinjiang__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Xinjiang
trans_list: Xinjiang
sense:
An Uyghur autonomous region of China, located in the sparsely populated northwest. Official name: Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. Capital: Ürümqi.


lexentry: eng/Xiongnu__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Xiongnu
trans_list: Xiongnu
sense:
(historical) An ancient nomadic-based people that formed a state or confederation north of the agriculture-based empire of the Han dynasty.


lexentry: eng/YHWH__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: YHWH
trans_list: Yahvé
sense:
Known as the "Tetragrammaton", the four Hebrew letters יהוה which are transliterated into the Latin alphabet as YHWH (also IHVH, JHVH, or YHVH). Usually vowels are added to produce the spelling Jehovah, Yehovah or Yahweh (Jahaveh, Jahve, Jahveh, Jahweh, Yahve, Yahveh, Yahwe).


lexentry: eng/YOLO__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: YOLO
trans_list: on ne vit qu’une fois | on n’a qu’une vie
sense:
(slang) Acronym of you only live once, i.e. expressing the view that one should make the most of the present moment.


lexentry: eng/Yakutia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Yakutia
trans_list: Yakoutie
sense:
A republic and federal subject of eastern Russia. Official name: Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). Capital and largest city: Yakutsk.


lexentry: eng/Yangon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Yangon
trans_list: Rangoon | Rangoun
sense:
The largest city and former capital of Myanmar; formerly, Rangoon (19th–21st c.), Dagon (16th–18th c.), and Dagoon (rare).


lexentry: eng/Yangtze__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Yangtze
trans_list: Yangtsé | Yangzi Jiang | fleuve Bleu
sense:
The chief river of central China and the third longest river in the world, flowing a total of 6300 km.


lexentry: eng/Yankee__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: Yankee
trans_list: Yankee
sense:
(chiefly southern, _, Louisiana) An Anglo, as opposed to someone with French ancestry; a native or inhabitant of the rest of the United States.


lexentry: eng/Yazidi__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Yazidi
trans_list: yazidi | Yézidie | yézidie | Yazidi | Yazidie | Yézidi
sense:
member of a Kurdish-speaking people of northern Iraq, Armenia and Caucasus, whose religion is Yazidism


lexentry: eng/Yekaterinburg__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Yekaterinburg
trans_list: Iekaterinbourg | Ekaterinbourg
sense:
A city, the administrative center of Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia, the fifth-largest in the country by population.


lexentry: eng/Yelena__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Yelena
trans_list: Yelena
sense:
A transliteration of the Bulgarian, Macedonian, or Russian female given name Еле́на (Eléna), equivalent to Helen.


lexentry: eng/Yellow_River__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Yellow River
trans_list: fleuve Jaune | Huang He
sense:
The chief river of the North China Plain, the second-longest river in China and sixth-longest river system on Earth, historically prone to massive floods which repeatedly drastically changed its course; it passes through Qinghai, Sichuan, Gansu, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Henan and Shandong provinces as well as Ningxia and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Regions.


lexentry: eng/Yenisei__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Yenisei
trans_list: Ienisseï
sense:
A river in Russia, the longest river of Siberia. It flows from south to north into the Arctic Ocean, splitting Siberia in two parts: the Eastern Siberia and the Western Siberia.


lexentry: eng/Yevpatoria__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Yevpatoria
trans_list: Eupatoria
sense:
A resort city and raion in Crimea, internationally recognized as part of Ukraine but de facto in Russia. It is located on the Black Sea coast.


lexentry: eng/Yggdrasil__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Yggdrasil
trans_list: Ygdrasil | Ygdrasill | Yggdrasil | Yggdrasill
sense:
(Norse mythology) An immense ash tree that is central in Norse cosmology, believed to connect the nine worlds.


lexentry: eng/Yiddish__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Yiddish
trans_list: yiddish | yidiche
sense:
A West Germanic, or more specifically High German, language that developed from Middle High German dialects, with an admixture of vocabulary from multiple source languages including Hebrew-Aramaic, Romance, Slavic, English, etc., and mostly written in Hebrew characters which is used mainly among Ashkenazic Jews from central and eastern Europe.


lexentry: eng/Yiddishland__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Yiddishland
trans_list: Yiddishland
sense:
A region where Yiddish is spoken; the areas of Eastern Europe or the Jewish Autonomous Oblast that had significant numbers of Jewish inhabitants.


lexentry: eng/Yoda_condition__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Yoda condition
trans_list: condition Yoda
sense:
(programming, informal) A logical condition with the usual order of operands reversed for various reasons, such as avoiding accidental misuse of = (assignment) instead of == (equality), a mistake that is harder to spot when using the normal order of operands. [from early 21st c.]


lexentry: eng/Yom_Kippur__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Yom Kippur
trans_list: Yom Kippour
sense:
(Judaism) A particular Jewish holiday, the day of atonement, falling on the tenth day of the Hebrew month of Tishrei.


lexentry: eng/Yoneda_lemma__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Yoneda lemma
trans_list: lemme de Yoneda
sense:
(category theory) Given a category \mathcal{C} with an object A, let H be a hom functor represented by A, and let F be any functor (not necessarily representable) from \mathcal{C} to Sets, then there is a natural isomorphism between Nat(H,F), the set of natural transformations from H to F, and the set F(A). (Any natural transformation \alpha from H to F is determined by what \alpha_A(\mbox{id}_A) is.)


lexentry: eng/Yorkshire__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Yorkshire
trans_list: Yorkshire
sense:
England's largest county. Situated in the north-east of England; divided into three ridings, (North, West and East, and The City Of York). Since 1974 for administration purposes local government has used different divisions.


lexentry: eng/Yoruba__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Yoruba
trans_list: yoruba | yorouba
sense:
A sub-Saharan language. It belongs to the Benue-Congo branch of the Niger-Congo language family, and has nearly 40 million speakers in Nigeria, Benin, Togo, and Sierra Leone, as well as communities in The United States, Brazil and Cuba.


lexentry: eng/YouTube_Poop__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: YouTube Poop
trans_list: YouTube poop
sense:
(Internet slang, uncountable) On YouTube, a style of video mashups composed of clips from preexisting media with visual and auditory effects for humorous or surreal purposes.


lexentry: eng/Young_Poland__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Young Poland
trans_list: Jeune Pologne
sense:
(historical) The modernist period in Polish visual arts, literature, and music which lasted from the end of the 19th century to 1918.


lexentry: eng/Your_Excellency__Pronoun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Your Excellency
trans_list: M.
sense:
(formal) A title of respect used when addressing heads of state other than monarchs, heads of government, governors, ambassadors, certain ecclesiastics, royalty, and others holding equivalent rank.


lexentry: eng/Your_Majesty__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Your Majesty
trans_list: Votre Majesté | sire
sense:
(formal) A term of address used in direct address to a monarch of higher rank than a prince, such as a king, queen, emperor, or empress.


lexentry: eng/Your_Serene_Highness__Pronoun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Your Serene Highness
trans_list: Votre Altesse Sérénissime
sense:
(formal) A term of address used in addressing a personage of any of a variety of certain dignities, but chiefly a reigning or sovereign prince, such as those of Liechtenstein and of Monaco.


lexentry: eng/Yucatán__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Yucatán
trans_list: Péninsule du Yucatán | Yucatán
sense:
A peninsula in North America incorporating the Mexican states of Yucatán, Campeche, and Quintana Roo as well as Belize and northeastern Guatemala.


lexentry: eng/Yugoslavia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Yugoslavia
trans_list: Yougoslavie
sense:
(historical) A former country in Southeast Europe in the Balkans, now split into 6 countries: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, North Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia, and Slovenia.


lexentry: eng/Yule__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Yule
trans_list: fêtes
sense:
Christmastide, the Christmas season, the Twelve Days of Christmas (between December 25th and January 5th).


lexentry: eng/Yule_log__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Yule log
trans_list: bûche de Noël | buche de Noël
sense:
A log-shaped Christmas sponge cake, covered in chocolate, traditionally from French-speaking countries.


lexentry: eng/Yup'ik__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Yup'ik
trans_list: yupik de l'Alaska central
sense:
(linguistics) A subbranch of the Eskimo-Aleut family of languages. This is the only language family known to straddle both North America and Asia. It is centered squarely in Alaska and is thought to have migrated across to Siberia a few hundred years ago.


lexentry: eng/Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk
trans_list: Ioujno-Sakhalinsk
sense:
A city, the administrative centre of Sakhalin Oblast, on Sakhalin Island, in the Far East of Russia.


lexentry: eng/Z-boson__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Z-boson
trans_list: boson Z
sense:
(particle) a fundamental particle, a gauge boson, that, together with the W-boson, mediates the weak nuclear force; it has a charge of 0


lexentry: eng/ZWNJ__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ZWNJ
trans_list: antiliant sans chasse
sense:
(computing, typography) Initialism of zero-width non-joiner (“non-printing character used to avoid ligatures”).


lexentry: eng/Zaire__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Zaire
trans_list: Zaïre
sense:
(historical) Former name of the Democratic Republic of the Congo: a country in Central Africa; used from 1971–1997.


lexentry: eng/Zambezi__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Zambezi
trans_list: Zambèze
sense:
A river in Southern Africa, flowing south and west from Zambia through east Angola and Zambia and then east along the border between Zambia and Zimbabwe into and through central Mozambique to the Indian Ocean.


lexentry: eng/Zanclean_flood__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Zanclean flood
trans_list: transgression zancléenne
sense:
(geology) A theorised flood, 5.33 million years ago, of the Mediterranean basin, then dry due to the Messinian salinity crisis, triggered by its reconnection with the Atlantic Ocean, that marks the transition from the Miocene epoch (Messinian age) to the Pliocene epoch (Zanclean age).


lexentry: eng/Zangi__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Zangi
trans_list: Zangi
sense:
ʿImād ad-Dīn Zangī (d. 541/1146), Turkmen founder of the Zangid dynasty which ruled northern Iraq and Syria between the 12th and 13th centuries.


lexentry: eng/Zante_currant__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Zante currant
trans_list: raisin de Corinthe
sense:
A small, sweet, seedless black grape with an intense flavour when dried, from a cultivar of Vitis vinifera the grape vine.


lexentry: eng/Zaporizhzhia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Zaporizhzhia
trans_list: Zaporijia | Zaporojié
sense:
An industrial city and urban hromada, the administrative center of Zaporizhzhia Raion and Zaporizhzhia Oblast, in south-central Ukraine, on the Dnipro River.


lexentry: eng/Zapotec__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Zapotec
trans_list: Zapothèque
sense:
A member of an indigenous people of Mexico, concentrated in the state of Oaxaca and spread into some neighbouring states.


lexentry: eng/Zechariah__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Zechariah
trans_list: Zacharie
sense:
(biblical character) A Hebrew prophet traditionally considered the author of the Book of Zechariah, the eleventh of the Twelve Minor Prophets.


lexentry: eng/Zeelandic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Zeelandic
trans_list: zélandais
sense:
A regional language similar to Dutch, spoken in the Dutch province of Zeeland and on the South Holland island of Goeree-Overflakkee.


lexentry: eng/Zen__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Zen
trans_list: zen
sense:
(religion) A school of Mahayana Buddhism characterized by sudden enlightenment achieved by indirect means and principally associated with China and Japan.


lexentry: eng/Zeppelin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Zeppelin
trans_list: zeppelin
sense:
(aviation) A type of large dirigible rigid airship of the early 20th century, built by the German Luftschiffbau Zeppelin and designed to carry passengers or bombs.


lexentry: eng/Zerubbabel__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Zerubbabel
trans_list: Zorobabel
sense:
(biblical character) a governor of the Persian Province of Judah, who led the first group of Jews returned from the Babylonian Captivity.


lexentry: eng/Zhuyin_fuhao__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Zhuyin fuhao
trans_list: bopomofo | zhuyin fuhao
sense:
A phonetic alphabet used to transcribe Mandarin for students of that language and for inputting Chinese, now used primarily only in Taiwan. Variants also exist for other Chinese lects spoken in Taiwan.


lexentry: eng/Ziguinchor__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Ziguinchor
trans_list: Ziguinchor
sense:
A city in (and the capital of) the above region of Senegal; the largest populated place in the Casamance area of the country.


lexentry: eng/Zimbabwe__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Zimbabwe
trans_list: Zimbabwe | Zimbabwé
sense:
A country in Southern Africa. Official name: Republic of Zimbabwe. Formerly called Southern Rhodesia or Rhodesia.


lexentry: eng/Zion__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Zion
trans_list: Sion
sense:
(biblical) A hill in Jerusalem, Israel, on which ancient Jerusalem was partly built; a centrepiece to Biblical accounts of old days and future eschatological events.


lexentry: eng/Zionism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Zionism
trans_list: sionisme
sense:
(politics) Jewish nationalism, the movement which supported first the establishment of a Jewish homeland and now supports the continuation of a Jewish state in the region of Palestine.


lexentry: eng/Zionist_entity__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Zionist entity
trans_list: entité sioniste
sense:
(Middle East, derogatory, dysphemism) Israel, viewed by Palestinians and their supporters as an illegitimate regime ruled by Zionists.


lexentry: eng/Zoroaster__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Zoroaster
trans_list: Zoroastre | Zarathoustra | Zarathushtra
sense:
An ancient Iranian prophet after whom the indigenous Iranian ethnic religion, Zoroastrianism, is named, also venerated in Mithraism.


lexentry: eng/Zorro__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Zorro
trans_list: Zorro
sense:
A fictional character, a daring and mysterious avenger, created in 1919 by pulp writer Johnston McCulley.


lexentry: eng/Zouave__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Zouave
trans_list: zouave
sense:
(military, historical) One of a body of soldiers in the French service, originally Kabyle, but now composed of Frenchmen who wear the Kabyle dress.


lexentry: eng/Zulu__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Zulu
trans_list: Zoulou | Zouloue
sense:
A member of an African ethnic group living mainly in the KwaZulu-Natal Province in eastern South Africa.


lexentry: eng/a.m.__Adverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: a.m.
trans_list: avant-midi | du matin
sense:
(used after the hour) In the 12-hour period from midnight to noon (the first half of the day) when using the 12-hour clock.


lexentry: eng/a_cat_may_look_at_a_king__Proverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: a cat may look at a king
trans_list: un chien regarde bien un évêque
sense:
A purported inferior has certain rights or prerogatives, even in the presence of a purported superior.


lexentry: eng/a_few__Determiner__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: a few
trans_list: quelques
sense:
A small number of (a set of countable items); more than one but not very many; especially, more than two but not very many (explained in usage note at several).


lexentry: eng/a_hit_dog_will_holler__Proverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: a hit dog will holler
trans_list: il n'y a que la vérité qui blesse
sense:
(US) An offended or defensive response to a statement suggests that the statement applies to the person complaining.


lexentry: eng/a_little_bird_told_me__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: a little bird told me
trans_list: mon petit doigt m'a dit
sense:
(idiomatic, chiefly, humorous) I received the information from a source which I am not prepared to disclose.


lexentry: eng/a_man's_home_is_his_castle__Proverb__1
sense_num: 01
sense: A proverbial expression of personal privacy and security.
written_rep: a man's home is his castle
trans_list:
charbonnier est maître chez lui | charbonnier est maître en sa demeure | cordonnier est maître chez lui


lexentry: eng/a_spoonful_of_sugar_helps_the_medicine_go_down__Proverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: a spoonful of sugar helps the medicine go down
trans_list: un morceau de sucre aide la médecine à couler
sense:
An otherwise unpleasant situation can be pleasant when a pleasant aspect is deliberately introduced.


lexentry: eng/a_stitch_in_time_saves_nine__Proverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: a stitch in time saves nine
trans_list: mieux vaut prévenir que guérir | un point fait à temps en épargne cent
sense:
A little effort expended sooner to fix a small problem prevents it from becoming a larger problem requiring more effort to fix later.


lexentry: eng/a_stopped_clock_is_right_twice_a_day__Proverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: a stopped clock is right twice a day
trans_list: même une pendule cassée donne l'heure deux fois par jour
sense:
A normally unreliable person or instrument can occasionally provide correct information, even if only by accident.


lexentry: eng/a_watched_pot_never_boils__Proverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: a watched pot never boils
trans_list: s'inquiéter ne fait pas avancer les choses
sense:
A process appears to proceed more slowly if one waits for it rather than engaging in other activities.


lexentry: eng/a_woman_without_a_man_is_like_a_fish_without_a_bicycle__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: a woman without a man is like a fish without a bicycle
trans_list: une femme sans homme est comme un poisson sans bicyclette
sense:
(figuratively, humorous, simile) A woman is capable of living a complete and independent life without a man. [from 1970]


lexentry: eng/aa__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aa
trans_list: aa
sense:
(volcanology) A form of lava flow associated with Hawaiian-type volcanoes, consisting of basaltic rock, usually dark-colored with a jagged and loose, clinkery surface. Compare pahoehoe. [From 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/aardvark__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aardvark
trans_list: oryctérope
sense:
The nocturnal, insectivorous, burrowing, mammal Orycteropus afer, of the order Tubulidentata, somewhat resembling a pig, common in some parts of sub-Saharan Africa. [from late 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/aardwolf__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aardwolf
trans_list: loup fouisseur | protèle
sense:
A nocturnal, insectivorous mammal, Proteles cristatus, of southern and eastern Africa, related to and resembling the hyena. [First attested in the mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/ab_initio__Adverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ab initio
trans_list: commencement
sense:
(legal) From the time when a law, legal right or decree, contract, ownership interest, partnership (etc.) comes into force. [Early 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/aba__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: aba
trans_list: abaya
sense:
A loose-fitting sleeveless garment, made from aba or silk, worn by Arabs. [First attested in the early 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/aba__Noun__3
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aba
trans_list: gymnarque du Nil
sense:
An electric fish of species Gymnarchus niloticus (frankfish, freshwater rat-tail, African knifefish), found in swamps, lakes and rivers in Africa.


lexentry: eng/abaca__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abaca
trans_list: abaca
sense:
(uncountable) The fiber of this plant, used in rope, fibers, and cloth. [First attested in the mid 18th century.]


lexentry: eng/aback__Adverb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: aback
trans_list: derrière
sense:
(nautical) Backward against the mast; said of the sails when pressed by the wind from the "wrong" (forward) side, or of a ship when its sails are set that way. [First attested in the late 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/abaculus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abaculus
trans_list: abacule
sense:
(archaic) A small tile of glass, marble, or other substance, of various colors, used in making ornamental patterns in mosaic pavements; abaciscus.


lexentry: eng/abacus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abacus
trans_list: abaque
sense:
(historical, obsolete) A table or tray scattered with sand which was used for calculating or drawing. [attested from c. 1387]


lexentry: eng/abacus__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abacus
trans_list: abaque | boulier | boulier compteur
sense:
A device used for performing arithmetical calculations; (rare) a table on which loose counters are placed, or (more commonly) an instrument with beads sliding on rods, or counters in grooves, with one row of beads or counters representing units, the next tens, etc. [from late 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/abacus__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: abacus
trans_list: abaque | tailloir
sense:
(architecture) The uppermost portion of the capital of a column immediately under the architrave, in some cases a flat oblong or square slab, in others more decorated. [from mid 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/abaft__Preposition__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abaft
trans_list: en arrière de | sur l'arrière de
sense:
(nautical) Behind; toward the stern relative to some other object or position; aft of. [First attested around the late 15th century.]


lexentry: eng/abalone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abalone
trans_list: haliotide | ormeau
sense:
(North America, Australia, Hong Kong, Singapore) An edible univalve mollusc of the genus Haliotis, having a shell lined with mother-of-pearl. [mid 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/abandon__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abandon
trans_list: abandonner
sense:
(transitive) To give up or relinquish control of, to surrender or to give oneself over, or to yield to one's emotions. [First attested from around (1350 to 1470)]


lexentry: eng/abandon__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abandon
trans_list: abandonner
sense:
(transitive) To desist in doing, practicing, following, holding, or adhering to; to turn away from; to permit to lapse; to renounce; to discontinue. [First attested from around (1350 to 1470)]


lexentry: eng/abandoned__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abandoned
trans_list: dévergondé
sense:
Having given oneself up to vice; immoral; extremely wicked, or sinning without restraint; irreclaimably wicked. [First attested from 1350 to 1470]


lexentry: eng/abandoned__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abandoned
trans_list: abandonné
sense:
No longer maintained by its former owners, residents, or caretakers; forsaken, deserted. [Late 15th century]


lexentry: eng/abandonment__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abandonment
trans_list: désertion | abandon
sense:
The act of abandoning, or the state of being abandoned; total desertion; relinquishment. [Late 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/abandonment__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: abandonment
trans_list: désertion
sense:
The cessation of service on a particular segment of the lines of a common carrier, as granted by a government agency.


lexentry: eng/abandonware__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abandonware
trans_list: abandogiciel | logiciel abandonné
sense:
(software, chiefly, _, video games) A software product that is no longer updated or maintained, or whose copyright is no longer defended or which is no longer marketed even by the company who made it.


lexentry: eng/abase__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abase
trans_list: humilier | abaisser | baisser | rabaisser
sense:
(transitive) To lower, as in condition in life, office, rank, etc., so as to cause pain or hurt feelings; to degrade, to depress, to humble, to humiliate. [from c. 1350–1470]


lexentry: eng/abash__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abash
trans_list: confondre
sense:
(transitive) To make ashamed; to embarrass; to destroy the self-possession of, as by exciting suddenly a consciousness of guilt, mistake, or inferiority; to disconcert; to discomfit. [First attested from around (1150 to 1350).]


lexentry: eng/abatacept__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abatacept
trans_list: abatacept
sense:
(pharmaceutical drug) A fusion protein composed of an immunoglobulin fused to the extracellular domain of CTLA-4, a molecule capable of binding B7, used to treat rheumatoid arthritis.


lexentry: eng/abate__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abate
trans_list: déduire | retrancher
sense:
Chiefly followed by from, of, etc.: to omit or remove (a part from a whole); to deduct, to subtract. [15th–19th c.]


lexentry: eng/abate__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abate
trans_list: réduire
sense:
To lower in price or value; (law) specifically, of a bequest in a will: to lower in value because the testator's estate is insufficient to satisfy all the bequests in full. [from early 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/abatement__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abatement
trans_list: réduction
sense:
The act of abating, or the state of being abated; a lessening, diminution, or reduction; a moderation; removal or putting an end to; the suppression. [First attested from 1340 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/abatement__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abatement
trans_list: défalcation
sense:
(accounting) The deduction of minor revenues incidental to an operation in calculating the cost of the operation.


lexentry: eng/abatement__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: abatement
trans_list: abattement | crédit | diminution | déduction | dégrèvement | réduction
sense:
An amount abated; that which is taken away by way of reduction; deduction; decrease; a rebate or discount allowed; in particular from a tax. [Late 15th century.]


lexentry: eng/abatement__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: abatement
trans_list: abaissement
sense:
(heraldry) A mark of dishonor on an escutcheon; any figure added to the coat of arms tending to lower the dignity or station of the bearer. [Early 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/abatis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abatis
trans_list: abattis
sense:
A means of defense formed by felled trees, or sometimes by bent trees, the ends of whose branches are sharpened and directed outwards, or against the enemy, and more recently fortified with barbed wire. [Mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abax__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abax
trans_list: abaque
sense:
An ancient counting board containing grooves in which counters were placed; a forerunner of the abacus.


lexentry: eng/abbacy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abbacy
trans_list: abbatiat
sense:
The dignity, estate, term, or jurisdiction of an abbot or abbess. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/abbess__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abbess
trans_list: abbesse
sense:
A female superior or governess of a nunnery, or convent of nuns, having the same authority over the nuns which the abbots have over the monks. [First attested around 1150 to 1350]


lexentry: eng/abbey__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abbey
trans_list: abbaye
sense:
A monastery or society of people, secluded from the world and devoted to religion and celibacy, which is headed by an abbot or abbess; also, the monastic building or buildings. [First attested around 1150 to 1350.]


lexentry: eng/abbreviate__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: abbreviate
trans_list: abréger
sense:
(transitive) To make shorter; to shorten (in time); to abridge; to shorten by ending sooner than planned. [First attested from around (1350 to 1470).]


lexentry: eng/abbreviation__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abbreviation
trans_list: abréviation
sense:
(linguistics) A shortened or contracted form of a word or phrase used to represent the whole, using omission of letters, and sometimes substitution of letters, or duplication of initial letters to signify plurality, including signs such as +, =, @. [Late 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/abbreviation__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: abbreviation
trans_list: abréviation
sense:
(music) One or more dashes through the stem of a note, dividing it respectively into quavers, semiquavers, demisemiquavers, or hemidemisemiquavers.


lexentry: eng/abbreviature__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: abbreviature
trans_list: abréviation
sense:
A shortened form of a word or phrase, used in place of the whole; an abbreviation. [since the mid 17th century]


lexentry: eng/abbé__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abbé
trans_list: abbé
sense:
A low-ranking member of the Roman Catholic clergy in France who is not a member of a religious order, is not a priest, and can marry and inherit property; an honorific title for such a clergymember. [mid 16th century]


lexentry: eng/abc_conjecture__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abc conjecture
trans_list: conjecture abc
sense:
(number theory) Given coprime positive integers a, b and c, such that a + b = c, and d the radical of abc (the product of its distinct prime factors), the conjecture that d is usually not much smaller than c (in other words, that if a and b are divisible by large powers of primes, then c usually is not).


lexentry: eng/abdicate__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abdicate
trans_list: abdiquer
sense:
(transitive, obsolete) To disclaim and expel from the family, as a father his child; to disown; to disinherit. [mid 16th – early 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/abdicate__Verb__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: abdicate
trans_list: abdiquer
sense:
(transitive) To surrender, renounce or relinquish, as sovereign power; to withdraw definitely from filling or exercising, as a high office, station, dignity; to fail to fulfill responsibility for. [from mid 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/abdicate__Verb__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: abdicate
trans_list: abdiquer
sense:
(intransitive) To relinquish or renounce a throne, or other high office or dignity; to renounce sovereignty. [First attested in the early 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/abdication__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abdication
trans_list: abdication
sense:
The act of abdicating; the renunciation of a high office, dignity, or trust, by its holder. [First attested in the early 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/abdomen__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: abdomen
trans_list: abdomen
sense:
(anatomy) The cavity of the belly, which is lined by the peritoneum, and contains the viscera; often restricted in humans to the part between the diaphragm and the commencement of the pelvis, the remainder being called the pelvic cavity. [from early 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/abdominal_cavity__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abdominal cavity
trans_list: cavité abdominale
sense:
(anatomy) The hollow portion of the torso within the abdomen, containing the abdominal organs, in mammals below the diaphragm.


lexentry: eng/abdominoplasty__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abdominoplasty
trans_list: abdominoplastie
sense:
(surgery, uncountable) The surgical removal of excess flesh from the abdomen, usually for cosmetic reasons.


lexentry: eng/abduce__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abduce
trans_list: abduir
sense:
(transitive, obsolete) To draw; to conduct away; to take away; to withdraw; to draw to a different part; to move a limb out away from the center of the body; abduct. [Mid 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/abduct__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abduct
trans_list: ravir | enlever
sense:
(transitive) To take away by force; to carry away (a human being) wrongfully and usually with violence or deception; to kidnap. [Early 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/abduction__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abduction
trans_list: abduction
sense:
(anatomy) The act of abducing or abducting; a drawing apart; the movement which separates a limb or other part from the axis, or middle line, of the body. [from mid-17th century.]


lexentry: eng/abduction__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: abduction
trans_list: abduction
sense:
(logic) A syllogism or form of argument in which the major premise is evident, but the minor is only probable. [from late 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/abductor__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abductor
trans_list: abducteur
sense:
(anatomy) A muscle which serves to draw a part out, or from the median line of the body [early 17th century]


lexentry: eng/abeam__Adverb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abeam
trans_list: par le travers
sense:
(nautical, aircraft) Alongside or abreast; opposite the center of the side of the ship or aircraft. [Mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abecedary__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abecedary
trans_list: abécédaire
sense:
One that teaches or learns the alphabet or the fundamentals of any subject; abecedarian. [from late 16th century]


lexentry: eng/abelian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abelian
trans_list: abélien | commutatif | abélienne | commutative
sense:
(mathematics) Of an algebraic structure (usually a group or algebra), having a commutative defining operation. [Mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abeng__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abeng
trans_list: abeng
sense:
(Jamaica, wind instrument) An animal (usually bull) horn used by the Maroon people of Jamaica as a musical instrument; and also (historical) formerly by slaveholders to summon slaves to canefields and by the Maroon army to communicate cryptic messages over great distances.


lexentry: eng/aberrance__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aberrance
trans_list: aberrance
sense:
State of being aberrant; a wandering from the right way; deviation from truth, rectitude. [Mid 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/aberrant__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aberrant
trans_list: aberrant
sense:
Differing from the norm. [First attested sometime between the mid 16th century and the early 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/aberrant__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: aberrant
trans_list: aberrant
sense:
(sometimes, figuratively) Straying from the right way; deviating from morality or truth. [First attested in the mid 18th century.]


lexentry: eng/aberration__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aberration
trans_list: aberration
sense:
The act of wandering; deviation from truth, moral rectitude; abnormal; divergence from the straight, correct, proper, normal, or from the natural state. [Late 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/aberration__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: aberration
trans_list: aberration
sense:
(optics) The convergence to different foci, by a lens or mirror, of rays of light emanating from one and the same point, or the deviation of such rays from a single focus; a defect in a focusing mechanism that prevents the intended focal point. [Mid 18th century.]


lexentry: eng/aberration__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: aberration
trans_list: aberration | anomalie | anormalité
sense:
(astronomy) A small periodical change of the apparent positions of the stars and other heavenly bodies, due to the combined effect of the motion of light and the motion of the observer. [Mid 18th century.]


lexentry: eng/aberration__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: aberration
trans_list: aberration
sense:
(zoology, botany) Atypical development or structure; deviation from the normal type; an aberrant organ. [Mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/aberration__Noun__1
sense_num: 08
written_rep: aberration
trans_list: aberration
sense:
(medicine) A deviation of a tissue, organ or mental functions from what is considered to be within the normal range.


lexentry: eng/aberration_of_light__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aberration of light
trans_list: aberration de la lumière
sense:
(astronomy) A phenomenon that produces an apparent motion of celestial objects about their true positions, dependent on the velocity of the observer.


lexentry: eng/abessive_case__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abessive case
trans_list: abessif
sense:
(grammatical case) A grammatical case used to express the lack or absence of something. It has the meaning of the English preposition without or the affix -less.


lexentry: eng/abet__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abet
trans_list: encourager
sense:
(transitive, crime) To incite; to assist or encourage by aid or countenance in crime. [ca. 1350–1470]


lexentry: eng/abettor__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abettor
trans_list: complice | incitateur | incitatrice
sense:
One that abets an offender; one that incites; instigates; encourages. [First attested from 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/abeyance__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abeyance
trans_list: vacance | vacant
sense:
(legal) Expectancy; a condition when an ownership of real property is undetermined; lapse in succession of ownership of estate, or title. [Late 16th century]


lexentry: eng/abhor__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abhor
trans_list: abhorrer | avoir horreur
sense:
(transitive) To regard (someone or something) as horrifying or detestable; to feel great repugnance toward. [First attested from around (1350 to 1470).]


lexentry: eng/abhorrence__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abhorrence
trans_list: aversion | répulsion | horreur
sense:
(uncountable, countable) Extreme aversion or detestation; the feeling of utter dislike or loathing. [Mid 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/abide__Verb__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: abide
trans_list: demeurer | rester
sense:
(intransitive, archaic, Scotland) To stay; to continue in a place; to remain stable or fixed in some state or condition; to be left. [from ca. 1150—1350]


lexentry: eng/abide__Verb__1
sense_num: 11
written_rep: abide
trans_list: demeurer
sense:
(transitive, obsolete) To endure or undergo a hard trial or a task; to stand up under. [from ca. 1150—1350 to early 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/abide__Verb__1
sense_num: 12
written_rep: abide
trans_list: demeurer
sense:
(transitive, archaic) To await submissively; accept without question; submit to. [from ca. 1350—1470]


lexentry: eng/abide_by__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abide by
trans_list: conformer | obéir | soumettre
sense:
(transitive) To accept (a decision or law) and act in accordance with it; to conform to (a decision or law); to acquiesce to (a decision or law).


lexentry: eng/abiding__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abiding
trans_list: continuel | sempiternel
sense:
Continuing or persisting in the same state: lasting, enduring; steadfast. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/abietic_acid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abietic acid
trans_list: acide abiétique
sense:
(carboxylic acid) A yellowish resin acid isolated from rosin and used in varnishes and esters for plasticizers; C19H29COOH.


lexentry: eng/ability__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: ability
trans_list: capacité | pouvoir | habileté
sense:
(uncountable) The quality or state of being able; capacity to do or of doing something; having the necessary power. [First attested from around (1350 to 1470).]


lexentry: eng/ability__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: ability
trans_list: capacité | pouvoir
sense:
(countable) A skill or competence in doing; mental power; talent; aptitude. [First attested in the early 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/abiogenesis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abiogenesis
trans_list: abiogenèse
sense:
(evolutionary theory) The origination of living organisms from lifeless matter; such genesis as does not involve the action of living parents. [from 1870]


lexentry: eng/abiotrophy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abiotrophy
trans_list: abiotrophie
sense:
(medicine) Premature degeneration of cells or tissues, especially with genetic causes; loss of function of organ or cell, not due to injury.


lexentry: eng/abject__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abject
trans_list: abject | misérable | fangeux
sense:
Existing in or sunk to a low condition, position, or state; contemptible, despicable, miserable. [from early 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/abject__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: abject
trans_list: abject | abjecte | méprisable
sense:
Of a person: cast down in hope or spirit; showing utter helplessness, hopelessness, or resignation; also, grovelling; ingratiating; servile. [from mid 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/abject__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abject
trans_list: misérable | paria
sense:
A person in the lowest and most despicable condition; an oppressed person; an outcast; also, such people as a class. [from early 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/abjection__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abjection
trans_list: abjection
sense:
A low or downcast condition; meanness of spirit; abasement; degradation. [First attested from around (1350 to 1470).]


lexentry: eng/abjuration__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abjuration
trans_list: abjuration
sense:
A solemn recantation or renunciation on oath; as, an abjuration of heresy. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/abjure__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abjure
trans_list: abjurer
sense:
(historical) To renounce (something) upon oath; to forswear; specifically, to recant or retract (a heresy or some other opinion); to withdraw. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/abjure__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abjure
trans_list: abjurer
sense:
To solemnly reject (someone or something); to abandon (someone or something) forever; to disavow, to disclaim, to repudiate. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/ablactation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ablactation
trans_list: sevrage
sense:
The weaning of a child from the breast, or of young animals from their dam. [First attested from around (1350 to 1470).]


lexentry: eng/ablation__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: ablation
trans_list: ablation
sense:
(surgery) The surgical removal of a body part, an organ, or especially a tumor; the removal of an organ function; amputation. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/ablation__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: ablation
trans_list: ablation
sense:
(sciences) The progressive removal of material by any of a variety of processes such as melting or vaporization under heat or chipping. [Mid 20th century.]


lexentry: eng/ablative__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ablative
trans_list: ablatif
sense:
(grammar) Applied to one of the cases of the noun in some languages, the fundamental meaning of the case being removal, separation, or taking away, and to a lesser degree, instrument, place, accordance, specifications, price, or measurement. [First attested from around (1350 to 1470).]


lexentry: eng/ablative_absolute__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ablative absolute
trans_list: ablatif absolu
sense:
(grammar) A construction in Latin and other sister languages in which an independent phrase with a noun in the ablative case has a participle, adjective, or noun, expressed or implied, which agrees with it in gender, number and case – both words forming a clause grammatically unconnected with the rest of the sentence.


lexentry: eng/ablative_case__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ablative case
trans_list: ablatif
sense:
(grammar) A noun case used in some languages to indicate movement away from something, removal, separation. In English grammar, it corresponds roughly to the use in English of prepositions "of", "from", "away from", and "concerning". In Latin grammar, the ablative case (cāsus ablātīvus) includes functions derived from the Indo-European ablative, instrumental, comitative, associative and locative cases; these cases express concepts similar to those of the English prepositions "of"/"from", "by", "with", "to"/"with", and "at"/"in", respectively. Here/hence/hither, there/thence/thither, and where/whence/whither are the only English words with separate forms for the ablative (motion away from) and lative (motion towards) cases.


lexentry: eng/ablaut__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ablaut
trans_list: apophonie
sense:
(phonology) The substitution of one root vowel for another, thus indicating a corresponding modification of use or meaning; vowel permutation, distinct from the phonetic influence of a succeeding vowel. [Mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/able-bodied_seaman__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: able-bodied seaman
trans_list: mat
sense:
(nautical) A seaman, especially one in the merchant navy, who has been trained or certified in all routine duties; a member of the Royal Navy rated between ordinary seaman and leading seaman or boatswain's mate.


lexentry: eng/able__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: able
trans_list: capable
sense:
Free from constraints preventing completion of task; permitted to; not prevented from. [First attested from around (1350 to 1470).]


lexentry: eng/able__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: able
trans_list: capable | expérimenté
sense:
Gifted with skill, intelligence, knowledge, or competence. [First attested in the mid 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/ablegate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ablegate
trans_list: ablégat
sense:
(Roman Catholicism) A representative of the pope charged with important commissions in foreign countries, one of his duties being to bring to a newly named cardinal his insignia of office.


lexentry: eng/ableism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ableism
trans_list: capacitisme | validisme
sense:
(uncountable) Discrimination against people with disabilities in favor of those without. [from late 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/abloom__Adverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abloom
trans_list: florissant
sense:
(postpositive) In or into bloom; in a blooming state; having flower blooms unfolding. [Mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/ablution__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ablution
trans_list: ablution
sense:
(Western, _, Christianity) The rinsing of the priest's hand and the sacred vessel following the Communion with, depending on rite, water or a mix of it and wine, which may then be drunk by the priest. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/ablution__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ablution
trans_list: ablution
sense:
The act of washing or cleansing the body, or some part of it, as a religious rite. [From mid 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/abnegate__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abnegate
trans_list: abnéguer
sense:
(transitive) To deny (oneself something); to renounce or give up (a right, a power, a claim, a privilege, a convenience). [First attested in the early 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/abnormal__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abnormal
trans_list: anormal | exceptionnel | hors norme | inhabituel
sense:
Not conforming to rule or system; deviating from the usual or normal type. [First attested around the mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abnormal__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abnormal
trans_list: anormal | anormale
sense:
Of or pertaining to that which is irregular, in particular, behaviour that deviates from norms of social propriety or accepted standards of mental health. [First attested around the early 20th century.]


lexentry: eng/abnormality__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abnormality
trans_list: anormalité | anomalie
sense:
The state or quality of being abnormal; variation; irregularity. [First attested in the mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abnormally__Adverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abnormally
trans_list: anormalement
sense:
In an abnormal manner; in a way that deviates from a standard, norm, or average. [First attested in the mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abode__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abode
trans_list: demeure
sense:
(dated, or, legal) Stay or continuance in a place; sojourn. [Attested from (1350 to 1470) to the mid 18th century.]


lexentry: eng/abolish__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abolish
trans_list: détruire
sense:
(archaic) To put an end to or destroy, as a physical object; to wipe out. [First attested from around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/abolitionism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abolitionism
trans_list: abolitionnisme
sense:
Support for the abolition of something; the tenets of abolitionists. [First attested in the early 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abolitionist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abolitionist
trans_list: abolitionniste
sense:
A person favoring or advocating for the abolition of any particular institution or practice. [since the late 18th century]


lexentry: eng/abomasum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abomasum
trans_list: caillette
sense:
(biology, food) The fourth digestive compartment of the stomach of a cow or other ruminant, after the omasum;the lining of said compartment, considered as a foodstuff.


lexentry: eng/abominable__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abominable
trans_list: abominable
sense:
Worthy of, or causing, abhorrence, as a thing of evil omen; odious in the utmost degree; very hateful; detestable; loathsome; execrable. [first attested around 1150 to 1350]


lexentry: eng/abominate__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abominate
trans_list: abominer
sense:
(transitive) To feel disgust towards; to loathe or detest thoroughly; to hate in the highest degree, as if with religious dread. [First attested in the mid 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/abonnement__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abonnement
trans_list: abonnement
sense:
A subscription or season ticket in a French-speaking country or another country where abonnement is the local term. [First attested in the late 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/aboriginal__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aboriginal
trans_list: aborigène | indigène
sense:
First according to historical or scientific records; original; indigenous; primitive. [First attested in the mid 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/aborigine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aborigine
trans_list: aborigène | autochtone
sense:
A native inhabitant of a country; a member of the original people. [First attested in the early 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abort__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abort
trans_list: avorton
sense:
(military, aeronautics) An early termination of a mission, action, or procedure in relation to missiles or spacecraft; the craft making such a mission.


lexentry: eng/abort__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: abort
trans_list: avorton | fausse couche
sense:
(now, rare) The product of a miscarriage; an aborted offspring; an abortion. [First attested in the early 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/abort__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: abort
trans_list: fausse couche
sense:
(obsolete) A miscarriage; an untimely birth; an abortion. [Attested from around (1350 to 1470) until the mid 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/abort__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abort
trans_list: avorter | interrompre | abandonner
sense:
(transitive, intransitive) To cause a premature termination of (a fetus); to end a pregnancy before term. [Attested since at least the 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abort__Verb__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: abort
trans_list: fausse couche | avorter
sense:
(transitive, biology) To cause an organism to develop minimally; to cause rudimentary development to happen; to prevent maturation. [First attested in the mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abortifacient__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abortifacient
trans_list: abortif | remède abortif
sense:
(pharmaceutical drug) A drug or an agent that induces an abortion. [First attested in the mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abortion__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abortion
trans_list: avortement | IVG | interruption volontaire de grossesse
sense:
(medicine) The expulsion from the womb of a foetus or embryo before it is fully developed, with loss of the foetus.[from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/abortion__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: abortion
trans_list: avortement | IVG | avorton | interruption volontaire de grossesse
sense:
(biology) Arrest of development of any organ, so that it remains an imperfect formation or is absorbed. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/abortionist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abortionist
trans_list: avorteur | avorteuse | médecin avorteur
sense:
(now, sometimes, offensive) A person who performs abortions, especially illegally or secretly. [from 1844]


lexentry: eng/abound__Verb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: abound
trans_list: foisonner
sense:
(intransitive) To be present or available in large numbers or quantities; to be plentiful. [First attested from around (1350 to 1470).]


lexentry: eng/about-turn__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: about-turn
trans_list: demi-tour
sense:
(British, military) A turn of 180 degrees, typically in a military formation [First attested in the mid 20th century.].


lexentry: eng/about__Adverb__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: about
trans_list: environ
sense:
Nearly; approximately; with close correspondence in quality, manner, degree, quantity, or time; almost. [from before 1150]


lexentry: eng/about__Preposition__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: about
trans_list: au-dessus | par-dessus
sense:
Over or upon different parts of; through or over in various directions; here and there in; to and fro in; throughout. [from ca. 1150–1350]


lexentry: eng/about__Preposition__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: about
trans_list: aux environs de
sense:
Within or in the immediate neighborhood of; in contiguity or proximity to; near, as to place. [from ca. 1350–1470]


lexentry: eng/about__Preposition__1
sense_num: 08
written_rep: about
trans_list: sur le point
sense:
(figurative) On or near (one's person); attached as an attribute to; in the makeup of, or at the command of. [from ca. 1350–1470]


lexentry: eng/about_to__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: about to
trans_list: aller | sur le point de
sense:
(idiomatic, with infinitive verb) Indicates something that will happen very soon; indicates action that is imminent; ready to; went to


lexentry: eng/above__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: above
trans_list: ci-dessus
sense:
(by ellipsis) Being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page. [first attested in the mid 18th century.]


lexentry: eng/above__Adverb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: above
trans_list: ci-dessus | au-dessus
sense:
Higher in the same page; earlier in the order as far as writing products go. [first attested before 1150.]


lexentry: eng/abracadabra__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abracadabra
trans_list: abracadabra
sense:
A use of the mystical term ‘abracadabra’, supposed to work as part of a healing charm or a magical spell; any spell or incantation making use of the word. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/abrasion__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abrasion
trans_list: abrasion
sense:
The act of abrading, wearing, or rubbing off; the wearing away by friction. [First attested in the mid 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/abrasion__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: abrasion
trans_list: abrasion
sense:
(geology) The effect of mechanical erosion of rock, especially a river bed, by rock fragments scratching and scraping it. [First attested in the mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abrasion__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: abrasion
trans_list: abrasion
sense:
(medicine) A superficial wound caused by scraping; an area of skin where the cells on the surface have been scraped or worn away. [First attested in the mid 20th century.]


lexentry: eng/abrasive__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abrasive
trans_list: rude
sense:
Being rough and coarse in manner or disposition; overly aggressive and causing irritation. [First attested in 1925.]


lexentry: eng/abrasive__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abrasive
trans_list: abrasif
sense:
A hard inorganic substance or material consisting in powder or granule form such as sandpaper, pumice, or emery, used for cleaning, smoothing, or polishing. [First attested in the mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abrasively__Adverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abrasively
trans_list: brusquement | rudement
sense:
In an abrasive manner; in a rude and unkind manner; acting in a way that may hurt other people's feelings.


lexentry: eng/abreact__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abreact
trans_list: abréagir
sense:
(transitive, psychoanalysis) To eliminate previously repressed emotions by reliving past experiences. [First attested in the early 20th century.]


lexentry: eng/abreaction__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abreaction
trans_list: abréaction
sense:
(psychoanalysis) The re-living of an experience with a view to purging its emotional dross. [First attested in the early 20th century.]


lexentry: eng/abridge__Verb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: abridge
trans_list: abréger
sense:
(transitive) To shorten or contract by using fewer words, yet retaining the sense; to epitomize; to condense. [First attested in 1384] [First attested around 1350–1470]


lexentry: eng/abridgment__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: abridgment
trans_list: raccourcissement
sense:
(dated, legal) Any of various brief statements of case law made before modern reporting of legal cases.


lexentry: eng/abrogate__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abrogate
trans_list: abroger
sense:
(transitive, law) To annul (as a law, decree, ordinance, etc.) by an authoritative act; to abolish by the authority of the maker or their successor; to repeal.[First attested in the early 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/abrupt__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abrupt
trans_list: brusque | precipité
sense:
Without notice to prepare the mind for the event; sudden; hasty; unceremonious. [First attested in the late 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/abrupt__Adjective__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: abrupt
trans_list: abrupt
sense:
Having sudden transitions from one subject or state to another; unconnected; disjointed. [First attested in the late 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/abruptly__Adverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abruptly
trans_list: abruptement | tout d'un coup | précipitamment
sense:
In an abrupt manner; without giving notice, or without the usual forms; suddenly; precipitously. [First attested in the late 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/abscess__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abscess
trans_list: abcès
sense:
(pathology) A cavity caused by tissue destruction, usually because of infection, filled with pus and surrounded by inflamed tissue. [First attested in the mid 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/abscise__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abscise
trans_list: abattre
sense:
(intransitive, botany) To separate by means of abscission; to shed or drop off. [First attested in the early 20th century.]


lexentry: eng/abscisic_acid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abscisic acid
trans_list: acide abscissique
sense:
(hormone) A terpenoid best known as a plant hormone that inhibits seed germination and was once thought to be important in abscission.


lexentry: eng/abscissa__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abscissa
trans_list: abscisse
sense:
(geometry) The first of the two terms by which a point is referred to, in a system of fixed rectilinear coordinate (Cartesian coordinate) axes. [First attested in the late 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/abseil__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abseil
trans_list: descendre en rappel
sense:
(intransitive) To descend a steep or vertical drop using a rope with a mechanical friction device or (classic abseil) by wrapping the rope around the body; to rappel. [First attested in the mid 20th century.]


lexentry: eng/absence_of_mind__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absence of mind
trans_list: absence
sense:
A state or the quality of being absent-minded (abstracted, preoccupied). [First attested in the early 18th century.]


lexentry: eng/absence_seizure__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absence seizure
trans_list: absence épileptique
sense:
(medicine) A type of seizure indicative of petit mal epilepsy. Brief seizure lasting up to 30 seconds involving vacantness and lack of awareness, possibly including twitching; not including spasm or unconsciousness.


lexentry: eng/absent-minded__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absent-minded
trans_list: distrait
sense:
Absent in mind; often preoccupied; forgetful or careless due to distraction; easily distracted. [First attested in the mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/absent-minded_professor__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absent-minded professor
trans_list: professeur étourdi
sense:
A stereotypical fictional character whose focus on academic matters leads them to ignore or forget their surroundings.


lexentry: eng/absent-mindedness__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absent-mindedness
trans_list: distraction
sense:
The characteristic or state of being easily distracted or preoccupied. [First attested in the late 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/absent__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absent
trans_list: absent
sense:
(not comparable) Being away from a place; withdrawn from a place; existing but not present; (sometimes) missing. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/absent__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: absent
trans_list: absent
sense:
(comparable) Inattentive to what is passing; absent-minded; preoccupied. [First attested in the early 18th century.]


lexentry: eng/absentee__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absentee
trans_list: absent
sense:
(law) A person who is absent from their residence and usual environment, and has not been seen or heard from for some period of time, so that it is unknown whether they are still alive, for the purpose of civil law dealing with the management of property etc. in such cases.


lexentry: eng/absentee__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absentee
trans_list: absent
sense:
A person who is absent from his or her employment, school, post, duty, etc. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/absenteeism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absenteeism
trans_list: absentéisme
sense:
The state of being absent, especially frequently or without good reason; the practice of an absentee. [First attested in the early 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/absinthe__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: absinthe
trans_list: absinthe
sense:
A distilled, highly alcoholic, anise-flavored liquor originally made from grande wormwood, anise, and other herbs. [from mid 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/absolute__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absolute
trans_list: absolu
sense:
Free of restrictions, limitations, qualifications or conditions; unconditional. [first attested in the late 1400s]


lexentry: eng/absolute__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: absolute
trans_list: absolu
sense:
Free from imperfection, perfect, complete; especially, perfectly embodying a quality in its essential characteristics or to its highest degree. [first attested around 1400]


lexentry: eng/absolute__Adjective__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: absolute
trans_list: absolu
sense:
Complete, utter, outright; unmitigated, not qualified or diminished in any way. [first attested in the late 1500s]


lexentry: eng/absolute__Adjective__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: absolute
trans_list: absolu
sense:
(especially, philosophy) Fundamental, ultimate, intrinsic; not relative; independent of references or relations to other things or standards. [first attested in the late 1700s]


lexentry: eng/absolute__Adjective__1
sense_num: 09
written_rep: absolute
trans_list: absolu
sense:
(grammar) Not immediately dependent on the other parts of the sentence; not in a syntactical relation with other parts of a text, or qualifying the text as a whole rather than any single word in it, like "it being over" in "it being over, she left". [first attested around 1350 to 1470]


lexentry: eng/absolute__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: absolute
trans_list: absolu
sense:
(philosophy, usually capitalized, usually preceded by "the") A realm which exists without reference to anything else; that which can be imagined purely by itself; absolute ego.


lexentry: eng/absolute_advantage__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absolute advantage
trans_list: avantage absolu
sense:
(economics) The capability to produce more of a given product using the same quantity or less of a given resource than a competing entity.


lexentry: eng/absolute_ceiling__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absolute ceiling
trans_list: plafond absolu
sense:
(aviation) The maximum altitude above sea level that an aircraft or missile can maintain horizontal flight under normal conditions.


lexentry: eng/absolute_humidity__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absolute humidity
trans_list: humidité absolue
sense:
(meteorology) In a system of moist air, the ratio of the mass of water vapor present to the volume occupied by the mixture, that is, the density of the water vapor component. Absolute humidity is usually expressed in grams of water vapor per cubic meter or, in engineering practice, in grains per cubic foot. Because this measure of atmospheric humidity is not conservative with respect to adiabatic expansion or compression, it is not commonly used by meteorologists. (Also called vapor concentration and vapor density). See relative humidity.


lexentry: eng/absolute_magnitude__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absolute magnitude
trans_list: magnitude absolue
sense:
(astronomy) The intrinsic luminosity that a celestial body would have if viewed from a distance of 10 parsecs or about 32.6 light years.


lexentry: eng/absolute_music__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absolute music
trans_list: musique pure
sense:
Instrumental music having an intellectual and affective content, which depends solely on its rhythmic, melodic, and contrapuntal structure.


lexentry: eng/absolute_pitch__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absolute pitch
trans_list: oreille absolue
sense:
(music, countable, or, uncountable) The exact pitch of a note as established by its rate of vibration based on a standard scale.


lexentry: eng/absolute_space__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absolute space
trans_list: espace absolu
sense:
(physics) The Newtonian concept of an unchanging and unchangeable reference system of spatial (and temporal) coordinates that is the same for all observers


lexentry: eng/absolute_superlative__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: absolute superlative
trans_list: superlatif absolu
sense:
In Greek: one of the degrees of comparison in an adjective that stresses an exceptional property without making a direct comparison, its closest equivalent in English being a most important letter, a very high mountain or absolutely pure water. It is formed by adding the suffix -τατος (declined) to the adjective's nominative, neuter singular.


lexentry: eng/absolute_time__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absolute time
trans_list: temps absolu
sense:
(physics) The Newtonian concept of an unchanging and unchangeable reference system of time (and spatial) coordinates that is the same for all observers.


lexentry: eng/absolute_value__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absolute value
trans_list: valeur absolue | module
sense:
(mathematics) For a complex number a+bi, the principal square root of the sum of the squares of its real and imaginary parts, \sqrt{a^2+b^2}. Denoted by vertical bars | \, |.


lexentry: eng/absolute_zero__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absolute zero
trans_list: zéro absolu
sense:
(physics) The coldest possible temperature, equivalent to zero on the Kelvin scale, or approximately −273.15 °C, −459.67 °F; a total absence of heat; the temperature at which the motion of all molecules would cease. [First attested in the early 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/absoluteness__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absoluteness
trans_list: absoluité
sense:
(obsolete) The fact of being finished or perfected; completeness. [Attested from the mid 16th century until the 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/absoluteness__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: absoluteness
trans_list: absoluité
sense:
The fact of being without qualifications or conditions; certainty, unconditionality. [First attested in the 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/absolution__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absolution
trans_list: absolution
sense:
(ecclesiastical) An absolving of sins from ecclesiastical penalties by an authority. [First attested around 1150 to 1350.]


lexentry: eng/absolution__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: absolution
trans_list: absolution
sense:
An absolving, or setting free from guilt, sin, or penalty; forgiveness of an offense. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/absolution__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: absolution
trans_list: absolution
sense:
(civil, _, legal, obsolete) An acquittal, or sentence of a judge declaring an accused person innocent. [First attested in the early 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/absolutism__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: absolutism
trans_list: absolutisme
sense:
(political science, sociology) The principles or practice of absolute or arbitrary government; Synonym of despotism. [First attested in the early 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/absolutive__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absolutive
trans_list: absolutif
sense:
(grammar) Of or pertaining to the grammatical case prototypically used to indicate the sole argument of an intransitive verb, and the more patientive argument of a transitive verb.


lexentry: eng/absolutive_case__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absolutive case
trans_list: absolutif
sense:
(grammatical case) case used to indicate the patient or experiencer of a verb’s action. The absolutive case is used to mark the subject of an intransitive verb, as well as the object of a transitive verb (inasmuch as they are codified in the English nominative-accusative system). Some languages that employ the absolutive case include Abkhaz, Basque, Chechen, Dyirbal, Hindi, Inuktitut, Hiligaynon, and Yup'ik.


lexentry: eng/absolve__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absolve
trans_list: absoudre
sense:
(transitive) To set free, release or discharge (from obligations, debts, responsibility etc.). [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/absolve__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: absolve
trans_list: absoudre
sense:
(transitive) To pronounce free from or give absolution for a penalty, blame, or guilt. [First attested in the mid 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/absorb__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absorb
trans_list: absorber
sense:
(transitive) To include so that it no longer has separate existence; to overwhelm; to cause to disappear as if by swallowing up; to incorporate; to assimilate; to take in and use up. [first attested c. 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/absorb__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: absorb
trans_list: absorber | éponger
sense:
(transitive) To suck up; to drink in; to imbibe, like a sponge or as the lacteals of the body; to chemically take in. [first attested in the early 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/absorbency__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: absorbency
trans_list: absorbance
sense:
(physics) The ratio of the absorbance or optical density of a substance to that of a similar body of pure solvent.


lexentry: eng/absorbent__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absorbent
trans_list: absorbant
sense:
Having the ability or tendency to absorb; able to soak up liquid easily; absorptive. [First attested in the early 18th century.]


lexentry: eng/absorbent__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: absorbent
trans_list: absorbant
sense:
(medicine) Any substance which absorbs and neutralizes acid fluid in the stomach and bowels, as magnesia, chalk, etc.; also a substance, e.g., iodine, which acts on the absorbent vessels so as to reduce enlarged and indurated parts.


lexentry: eng/absorber__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absorber
trans_list: absorbant
sense:
A device which causes gas or vapor to be absorbed by a liquid. [First attested in the mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/absorptance__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absorptance
trans_list: absorptance
sense:
(optics, physics) Absorbed radiation and incident radiation in a ratio format; a measurement that shows how well a surface absorbs radiation. [First attested in the mid 20th century.]


lexentry: eng/absorption__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absorption
trans_list: absorption
sense:
(physical chemistry, physics) the imbibing or reception by molecular or chemical action, of radiant energy; the process of being neutrons being absorbed by the nucleus; interception. [First attested in the mid 18th century.]


lexentry: eng/absorption__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absorption
trans_list: absorption
sense:
(physiology) in living organisms, the process by which the materials of growth and nutrition are absorbed and conveyed to the tissues and organs; taking in by various means, such as by osmosis. [First attested in the mid 18th century.]


lexentry: eng/absorption_line__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absorption line
trans_list: raie d'absorption
sense:
(physics, astronomy) A spectral line that corresponds to the absorption of electromagnetic radiation at a specific wavelength; the pattern of such lines is characteristic of specific atoms or molecules in the path of the radiation.


lexentry: eng/absorption_spectrum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absorption spectrum
trans_list: spectre d'absorption
sense:
(physics) The characteristic pattern of dark lines or bands that occurs when electromagnetic radiation is passed through an absorbing medium into a spectroscope.


lexentry: eng/abstain__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abstain
trans_list: s'abstenir | abstenir
sense:
(intransitive) Refrain from (something or doing something); keep from doing, especially an indulgence. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/abstainer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abstainer
trans_list: abstinent
sense:
One who abstains; especially, one who abstains from something, such as the use of alcohol or drugs, or one who abstains for religious reasons; one who practices self-denial. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/abstemious__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abstemious
trans_list: abstème
sense:
Refraining from freely consuming food or strong drink; sparing in diet; abstinent, temperate. [From early 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/abstention__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abstention
trans_list: abstention
sense:
(obsolete) The act of restraining oneself. [Attested from the early 16th century until the med 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/abstentionist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abstentionist
trans_list: abstentionniste
sense:
A practitioner or advocate of not getting involved politically. [First attested in the late 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abstinence__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abstinence
trans_list: abstinence
sense:
Specifically, the practice of abstaining from intoxicating/alcoholic beverages; total abstinence; teetotalism). [First attested around 1150 to 1350.]


lexentry: eng/abstinence__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abstinence
trans_list: abstinence | abstinence sexuelle
sense:
Specifically, the practice of abstaining from sexual intercourse, either permanently or until marriage. [First attested around 1150 to 1350.]


lexentry: eng/abstinence__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abstinence
trans_list: abstinence
sense:
The act or practice of abstaining, refraining from indulging a desire or appetite. [First attested around 1150 to 1350.]


lexentry: eng/abstinence__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abstinence
trans_list: abstinence
sense:
The practice of self-denial; self-restraint; forebearance from anything. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/abstinent__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abstinent
trans_list: abstinent
sense:
Refraining from indulgence, especially from the indulgence of appetite. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/abstract__Adjective__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: abstract
trans_list: abstrait
sense:
Pertaining comprehensively to, or representing, a class or group of objects, as opposed to any specific object; considered apart from any application to a particular object: general, generic, nonspecific; representational. [First attested by Locke in 1689.]


lexentry: eng/abstract__Adjective__1
sense_num: 08
written_rep: abstract
trans_list: abstrait
sense:
(arts, often, capitalized) Free from representational qualities, in particular the non-representational styles of the 20th century. [First attested in the mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abstract__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abstract
trans_list: se retirer
sense:
(intransitive, reflexive, literally, figuratively) To withdraw oneself; to retire. [First attested in the mid 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/abstract__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abstract
trans_list: abstraire
sense:
(transitive) To consider abstractly; to contemplate separately or by itself; to consider theoretically; to look at as a general quality. [First attested in the early 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/abstract__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abstract
trans_list: distiller | abstraire
sense:
To conceptualize an ideal subgroup by means of the generalization of an attribute, as follows: by apprehending an attribute inherent to one individual, then separating that attribute and contemplating it by itself, then conceiving of that attribute as a general quality, then despecifying that conceived quality with respect to several or many individuals, and by then ideating a group composed of those individuals perceived to possess said quality.


