# translation

lexentry: eng/nourish__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: nourish
trans_list: вска́рмливать | корми́ть | пита́ть | расти́ть
sense:
(transitive) To feed and cause to grow; to supply with food or other matter which increases weight and promotes health.


lexentry: eng/nourish_a_viper_in_one's_bosom__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: nourish a viper in one's bosom
trans_list: пригре́ть змею́ на груди́
sense:
(idiom) To do acts of kindness that will be met with ingratitude and will cause one harm in the end.


lexentry: eng/nouveau_riche__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: nouveau riche
trans_list: вы́скочка | нувори́ш | парвеню́
sense:
(pejorative) New money; wealthy persons whose fortunes are newly acquired, and who are therefore perceived to lack the refinement of those who were raised wealthy.


lexentry: eng/novichok__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: novichok
trans_list: новичо́к
sense:
Any of a group of deadly organophosphate nerve agents developed by the Soviet Union in the 1970s and 1980s to evade restrictions on chemical weapons.


lexentry: eng/now-or-never__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: now-or-never
trans_list: мгновенный
sense:
Of a need for a decision, an opportunity, etc.: arising at the present time and requiring action to be taken immediately, or not at all.


lexentry: eng/now__Adverb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: now
trans_list: вот | ита́к | ну | так
sense:
(sentential) Used to introduce a point, a qualification of what has previously been said, a remonstration or a rebuke.


lexentry: eng/now_you're_talking__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: now you're talking
trans_list: вот э́то разгово́р
sense:
(idiomatic) A phrase indicating agreement with a previously stated suggestion to change a course of action.


lexentry: eng/nozzle__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: nozzle
trans_list: сопло́ | форсу́нка
sense:
A short outlet or inlet pipe projecting from the end or side of a hollow vessel, as a steam-engine cylinder or a steam boiler.


lexentry: eng/nubile__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: nubile
trans_list: возраст
sense:
Of an age suitable for marriage; marriageable (principally of a young woman). [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]


lexentry: eng/nuclear__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: nuclear
trans_list: я́дерный | ядерный
sense:
Relating to a weapon that derives its force from rapid release of energy through nuclear reactions. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/nuclear__Adjective__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: nuclear
trans_list: центра́льный
sense:
(archaic) Pertaining to a centre around which something is developed or organised; central, pivotal. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/nuclear_binding_energy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: nuclear binding energy
trans_list: эне́ргия свя́зи ядра́
sense:
(nuclear physics) The energy needed to split an atomic nucleus into its component parts; equivalently, the energy value of bringing all the nucleons together.


lexentry: eng/nuclear_chemistry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: nuclear chemistry
trans_list: я́дерная хи́мия
sense:
(chemistry) The application of chemical techniques to the solution of problems in nuclear physics, including the discovery of naturally occurring and synthetic radioactive elements and the results of nuclear fission.


lexentry: eng/nuclear_fallout__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: nuclear fallout
trans_list: радиоакти́вный оса́док
sense:
(uncountable) Residual radioactive material in the upper atmosphere which settles down to Earth over a protracted period; typically ash which has been propelled upwards by a nuclear explosion or disaster, sometimes mixed with rain or snow.


lexentry: eng/nuclear_fission__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: nuclear fission
trans_list: деле́ние ядра́ | расщепле́ние | я́дерное деле́ние
sense:
(nuclear physics) A nuclear reaction in which a large nucleus splits into smaller ones, sometimes accompanied by the simultaneous release of energy.


lexentry: eng/nuclear_fusion__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: nuclear fusion
trans_list: термоя́дерная реа́кция | ядерная реа́кция си́нтеза
sense:
(nuclear physics) The combining of the nuclei of atoms to form the nuclei of larger ones, with a resulting release of large quantities of energy; the process that makes the sun shine, and hydrogen bombs explode.


lexentry: eng/nuclear_magnetic_resonance__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: nuclear magnetic resonance
trans_list: ядерный магнитный резонанс
sense:
(nuclear physics) The absorption of electromagnetic radiation (radio waves), at a specific frequency, by an atomic nucleus placed in a strong magnetic field; used in spectroscopy and in magnetic resonance imaging.


lexentry: eng/nuclear_reaction__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: nuclear reaction
trans_list: я́дерная реа́кция | ядерная реакция
sense:
A process such as the fission of an atomic nucleus, or the fusion of one or more atomic nuclei and/or subatomic particles in which the number of protons and/or neutrons in a nucleus changes; the reaction products may contain a different element or a different isotope of the same element.


lexentry: eng/nuclear_reactor__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: nuclear reactor
trans_list: я́дерный реа́ктор | ядерный реактор
sense:
(physics) Any device in which a controlled chain reaction is maintained for the purpose of creating heat (for power generation) or for creating neutrons and other fission products for experimental, medical or other purposes.


lexentry: eng/nuclear_winter__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: nuclear winter
trans_list: ядерная зима
sense:
A predicted drop in global temperature following a nuclear war due to dust in the upper atmosphere reducing sunlight reaching the ground.


lexentry: eng/nucleic_acid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: nucleic acid
trans_list: нуклеи́новая кислота́ | нуклеиновая кислота
sense:
(biochemistry, genetics) Any acidic, chainlike biological macromolecule consisting of multiple repeat units of phosphoric acid, sugar and purine and pyrimidine bases; they are involved in the preservation, replication and expression of hereditary information in every living cell


lexentry: eng/nucleoid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: nucleoid
trans_list: нуклеоид
sense:
(microbiology) The irregularly-shaped region within a prokaryote cell where the genetic material is localized


lexentry: eng/nucleophile__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: nucleophile
trans_list: нуклеофил
sense:
(chemistry) A compound or functional group that is attractive to centres of positive charge, and donates electrons, especially donating an electron pair to an electrophile to form a bond.


lexentry: eng/nucleotide__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: nucleotide
trans_list: нуклеоти́д
sense:
(biochemistry) The monomer constituting DNA or RNA biopolymer molecules. Each nucleotide consists of a nitrogenous heterocyclic base (or nucleobase), which can be either a double-ringed purine or a single-ringed pyrimidine; a five-carbon pentose sugar (deoxyribose in DNA or ribose in RNA); and a phosphate group.


lexentry: eng/nucleus__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: nucleus
trans_list: ядро́ | ядро
sense:
(chemistry, physics) The massive, positively charged central part of an atom, made up of protons and neutrons.


lexentry: eng/nucleus__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: nucleus
trans_list: ядро́ | ядро
sense:
(cytology) A large membrane-enclosed organelle found in eukaryotic cells which contains genetic material.


lexentry: eng/nude__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: nude
trans_list: обнажённый | го́лый | наго́й
sense:
(not comparable) Without clothing or other covering of the skin; without clothing on the genitals or female nipples.


lexentry: eng/nude__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: nude
trans_list: ню
sense:
A painting, sculpture, photograph or other artwork or mass-media-reproduced image depicting one or more human figure(s) in a state of near or total undress.


lexentry: eng/nudism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: nudism
trans_list: нуди́зм
sense:
The belief in or practice of going nude in social, nonsexualized and frequently mixed-gender groups specifically in cultures where going nude in the social situation is not the norm.


lexentry: eng/nudity__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: nudity
trans_list: нагота́
sense:
(uncountable) The state or quality of being without clothing on the body; specifically, the quality of being without clothing on the genitals.


lexentry: eng/nudiustertian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: nudiustertian
trans_list: позавчера́шний
sense:
(rare, obsolete, modern uses probably, _, humorous) Of or relating to the day before yesterday; very recent.


lexentry: eng/nuke__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: nuke
trans_list: атомная бомба
sense:
A person (such as a sailor in a navy or a scientist) who works with nuclear weapons or nuclear power.


lexentry: eng/null_hypothesis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: null hypothesis
trans_list: нулева́я гипо́теза
sense:
(statistics) A hypothesis set up to be nullified or refuted in order to support an alternative hypothesis. When used, the null hypothesis is presumed true until statistical evidence in the form of a hypothesis test indicates otherwise. Therefore, the null and the alternative hypothesis must be mutually exclusive and exhaustive.


lexentry: eng/nullification__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: nullification
trans_list: обнуле́ние
sense:
The nullification crisis in U.S. history, confrontation between the state of South Carolina and the federal government in 1832–33 over the former's attempt to declare null and void within the state the federal Tariffs of 1828 and 1832.


lexentry: eng/numbat__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: numbat
trans_list: на́мбат | намба́т | су́мчатый муравье́д
sense:
A small marsupial carnivore, Myrmecobius fasciatus, endemic to western Australia, that eats almost exclusively termites.


lexentry: eng/number__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: number
trans_list: число́ | и́мя числи́тельное | но́мер | ци́фра | числи́тельное
sense:
(countable, mathematics) An element of one of several sets: natural numbers, integers, rational numbers, real numbers, complex numbers, and sometimes extensions such as hypercomplex numbers, etc.


lexentry: eng/number__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: number
trans_list: но́мер | номер
sense:
(Followed by a numeral; used attributively) Indicating the position of something in a list or sequence. Abbreviations: No or No., no or no. (in each case, sometimes written with a superscript "o", like Nº or №). The symbol "#" is also used in this manner.


lexentry: eng/numbers_station__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: numbers station
trans_list: номерная радиостанция | числовая радиостанция
sense:
(radio, espionage) A shortwave radio station characterized by unusual broadcasts, often of artificially generated voices reciting streams of numbers, words, etc., supposedly of coded messages.


lexentry: eng/numeracy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
sense: The quality of being numerate; numerical skill.
written_rep: numeracy
trans_list:
[[математический|математи́ческая]] [[гра́мотность]] | [[уме́ние]] [[счита́ть]] | [[числовой|числова́я]] [[гра́мотность]]


lexentry: eng/numeral__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: numeral
trans_list: но́мер | ци́фра | число́
sense:
A symbol that is not a word and represents a number, such as the Arabic numerals 1, 2, 3 or the Roman numerals I, V, X, L.


lexentry: eng/numeral__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: numeral
trans_list: и́мя числи́тельное | ци́фра | числи́тельное | число́
sense:
(linguistics) A number word, a simple or compound word for a number often having particular grammatical attributes depending on the language.


lexentry: eng/numerology__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: numerology
trans_list: нумероло́гия | нумерология
sense:
The study of the purported mystical relationship between numbers (or the letters of words, represented by numbers) and the character or action of physical objects and living beings.


lexentry: eng/nun__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: nun
trans_list: нун
sense:
The fourteenth letter of many Semitic alphabets or abjads (Phoenician, Aramaic, Hebrew, Syriac, Arabic and others).


lexentry: eng/nunatak__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: nunatak
trans_list: нуната́к | нунатак
sense:
A mountain top or rocky element of a ridge that is surrounded by glacial ice but is not covered by ice; a peak protruding from the surface ice sheet. [from 1870s]


lexentry: eng/nunchaku__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: nunchaku
trans_list: нунтя́ку | нунча́ки | нунча́ку
sense:
(countable) A weapon originating from Okinawa, Japan, consisting of two sticks joined by a chain or cord. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/nuncheon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: nuncheon
trans_list: по́лдник
sense:
(now, _, dialectal, archaic) A drink or light snack taken in the afternoon; a refreshment between meals.


lexentry: eng/nuncio__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: nuncio
trans_list: ну́нций
sense:
(Roman Catholicism) The ecclesiastic title of a permanent diplomatic representative of the Roman Catholic Church to a sovereign state or international organization, who is accorded a rank equivalent to an accredited ambassador, and may also be given additional privileges including recognition as Dean in a country's diplomatic corps.


lexentry: eng/nuqta__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: nuqta
trans_list: ну́кта
sense:
A diacritic used in the Devanagari, Gurmukhi, and other Indian scripts for sounds not present in the original scripts, including sounds borrowed from Arabic, Persian, and English.


lexentry: eng/nurse_shark__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: nurse shark
trans_list: аку́ла-ня́нька
sense:
Any of various bottom-dwelling sharks of the family Ginglymostomatidae that have two fleshy barbels hanging from the lower jaw.


lexentry: eng/nursery__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: nursery
trans_list: де́тская | де́тская ко́мната | де́тский сад | я́сли
sense:
(UK, chiefly British) An institution for small children who not yet have begun primary school during daytime (when their parents work); a daycare centre.


lexentry: eng/nursery__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: nursery
trans_list: де́тская | де́тская ко́мната
sense:
(by extension) Especially in European countries: a room or area in a household set apart for the care of children.


lexentry: eng/nursery__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: nursery
trans_list: пито́мник
sense:
(agriculture, zoology) A place where animals breed, or where young animals are naturally or artificially reared (for example, on a farm).


lexentry: eng/nursery__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: nursery
trans_list: пито́мник | расса́дник
sense:
(horticulture) A place where young shrubs, trees, vines, etc., are cultivated for transplanting, or (more generally) made available for public sale, a garden centre; also (obsolete) a plantation of young trees.


lexentry: eng/nursery_school__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: nursery school
trans_list: [[дошкольный|дошко́льное]] [[учрежде́ние]] | де́тский сад | я́сли
sense:
(, Canada, British) An educational institution for small children (normally around 3 to 5 years old, who not yet have begun primary school).


lexentry: eng/nursing_bra__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: nursing bra
trans_list: ли́фчик для кормления
sense:
A bra specifically designed for breastfeeding mothers, with cups which fold down, allowing easy access to the nipple when the infant is to be fed, usually constructed of fabric only.


lexentry: eng/nursing_home__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: nursing home
trans_list: дом престаре́лых | ча́стная лече́бница
sense:
A place of residence for people who require constant nursing care and have significant deficiencies with activities of daily living, such as the elderly and younger adults with physical disabilities.


lexentry: eng/nut__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: nut
trans_list: оре́х | орех
sense:
(food, broadly) Any of various hard-shelled seeds or hard, dry fruits from various families of plants.


lexentry: eng/nut__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: nut
trans_list: га́йка | гайка
sense:
(hardware) A piece of hardware, typically metal and typically hexagonal or square in shape, with a hole through it having internal screw threads, intended to be screwed onto a threaded bolt or other threaded shaft.


lexentry: eng/nut__Noun__1
sense_num: 10
written_rep: nut
trans_list: зана́чка
sense:
(US, slang) A stash of money owned by an extremely rich investor, sufficient to sustain a high level of consumption if all other money is lost.


lexentry: eng/nut__Noun__1
sense_num: 11
written_rep: nut
trans_list: башка́ | коча́н | ре́па | ты́ква
sense:
(musical instruments, lutherie) On stringed instruments such as guitars and violins, the small piece at the peghead end of the fingerboard that holds the strings at the proper spacing and, in most cases, the proper height.


lexentry: eng/nut__Noun__1
sense_num: 13
written_rep: nut
trans_list: га́йка | гайка
sense:
(climbing) A shaped piece of metal, threaded by a wire loop, which is jammed in a crack in the rockface and used to protect a climb. (Originally, machine nuts [sense #2] were used for this purpose.)


lexentry: eng/nuthatch__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: nuthatch
trans_list: по́ползень
sense:
Any of various small passerine birds from the genus Sitta, found throughout the northern hemisphere and noted for their unusual proclivity for climbing down trees head first.


lexentry: eng/nutrient__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: nutrient
trans_list: [[питательный|пита́тельное]] [[вещество́]]
sense:
A source of nourishment, such as food, that can be metabolized by an organism to give energy and build tissue.


lexentry: eng/nuts_and_bolts__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: nuts and bolts
trans_list: азы́
sense:
(idiomatic) The basic inner workings of something; the fundamentals; that which makes something operate.


lexentry: eng/nuzzle__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: nuzzle
trans_list: [[ты́каться]] [[но́сом]] | ню́хать | тере́ться но́сом о
sense:
Often followed by in or into: to press or push the nose or snout, mouth, face, etc., against or into someone or something; to touch someone or something with the nose or snout, etc.


lexentry: eng/nyala__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: nyala
trans_list: нья́ла
sense:
A southern African antelope, Tragelaphus angasii (syn. Nyala angasii), with thin white stripes in the grey or brown coat, a ridge of tufted hair running all along the spine, and long horns with a spiral twist.


lexentry: eng/nylon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: nylon
trans_list: нейло́н | нейлон
sense:
Originally, the DuPont company trade name for polyamide, a copolymer whose molecules consist of alternating diamine and dicarboxylic acid monomers bonded together; now generically used for this type of polymer.


lexentry: eng/nylon__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: nylon
trans_list: нейло́н | нейлон
sense:
(in the plural) A stocking originally fabricated from nylon; also used generically for any long, sheer stocking worn on a woman's legs.


lexentry: eng/nylon__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: nylon
trans_list: нейло́н | нейлон
sense:
(perjoratively, by comparison to silk) A Queen's Counsel, King's Counsel or Senior Counsel who was appointed as a courtesy, rather than on merit.


lexentry: eng/nymph__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: nymph
trans_list: ни́мфа | нимфа
sense:
(Greek mythology, Roman mythology) Any female nature spirit associated with water, forests, grotto, wind, etc.


lexentry: eng/négligée__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: négligée
trans_list: неглиже́
sense:
A woman's loose-fitting nightgown, especially when short, lacy and/or revealing; a nightie. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/o'clock__Adverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: o'clock
trans_list: в час | час
sense:
(modifying a numeral, one to twelve) In conjunction with a numeral, indicates the time within a twelve-hour period (midnight to noon or noon to midnight), specifically the time when the hour hand of a clock points precisely to the symbol or marking corresponding to the designated numeral, i.e., at the hour.


lexentry: eng/o'clock__Adverb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: o'clock
trans_list: в час
sense:
(with a numeral, one to twelve) In conjunction with a numeral, indicates the direction, relative to the speaker or a vehicle, especially an aircraft, corresponding to the direction the hour hand is pointing at the time corresponding to the numeral, with twelve representing directly ahead on a horizontal plane, or directly up on a vertical plane, and three being to the right on either.


lexentry: eng/oak__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: oak
trans_list: дуб
sense:
Any tree of other genera and species of trees resembling typical oaks of genus Quercus in some ways.


lexentry: eng/oak_titmouse__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: oak titmouse
trans_list: пе́пельная сини́ца
sense:
A bird of species Baeolophus inornatus of small tits in family Paridae, found from southern Oregon to Baja California.


lexentry: eng/oakleaf_hydrangea__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: oakleaf hydrangea
trans_list: гортензия дуболистная
sense:
A type of deciduous shrub native to the southeastern United States, often cultivated as an ornamental plant, of species Hydrangea quercifolia.


lexentry: eng/oakum__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: oakum
trans_list: па́кля | па́клина
sense:
Fibres chiefly obtained by untwisting old rope, which are used to caulk or pack gaps between boards of wooden ships and joints in masonry and plumbing, and sometimes for dressing wounds.


lexentry: eng/oar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: oar
trans_list: весло́ | весло
sense:
A type of lever used to propel a boat, having a flat blade at one end and a handle at the other, and pivoted in a rowlock atop the gunwale, whereby a rower seated in the boat and pulling the handle can pass the blade through the water by repeated strokes against the water's resistance, thus moving the boat.


lexentry: eng/oarlock__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: oarlock
trans_list: уключина
sense:
(nautical) A usually U-shaped device attached to the gunwale of a rowboat to hold the oars in place while rowing.


lexentry: eng/oath__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: oath
trans_list: прися́га | кля́тва | мат | прокля́тие | руга́тельство
sense:
A solemn pledge or promise that invokes a deity, a ruler, or another entity (not necessarily present) to attest the truth of a statement or sincerity of one's desire to fulfill a contract or promise.


lexentry: eng/obeisance__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: obeisance
trans_list: почте́ние | ревера́нс
sense:
Demonstration of an obedient attitude, especially by bowing deeply; a deep bow which demonstrates such an attitude.


lexentry: eng/obelisk__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: obelisk
trans_list: обели́ск | обелиск
sense:
(architecture) A tall, square, tapered, stone monolith topped with a pyramidal point, frequently used as a monument. [from mid 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/obelus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: obelus
trans_list: о́белюс | обел
sense:
(historical) A symbol resembling a horizontal line (–), sometimes together with one or two dots (for example, ⨪ or ÷), which was used in ancient manuscripts and texts to mark a word or passage as doubtful or spurious, or redundant; an obelisk.


lexentry: eng/obese__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: obese
trans_list: жи́рный | по́лный | то́лстый | ту́чный
sense:
Extremely overweight, especially: weighing more than 20% (for men) or 25% (for women) over their conventionally ideal weight determined by height and build; or, having a body mass index over 30 kg/m2.


lexentry: eng/obesogenic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
sense: Causing obesity. [from 20th c.]
written_rep: obesogenic
trans_list:
[[приводить|приводя́щий]] к [[ожирение|ожире́нию]] | [[способствовать|спосо́бствующий]] [[излишний|изли́шней]] [[полнота|полноте́]] | [[способствовать|спосо́бствующий]] [[тучность|ту́чности]]


lexentry: eng/obituary__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: obituary
trans_list: некроло́г
sense:
A brief notice of a person's death, especially one published in a newspaper or other publication; also (obsolete) , the section of a newspaper where notices of deaths are published.


lexentry: eng/obituary__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: obituary
trans_list: некроло́г | некролог
sense:
(by extension) A brief biography of a person (especially one who is well-known) who has recently died, usually describing their life and achievements, particularly in the form of an article in a news publication or an item in a news broadcast.


lexentry: eng/object-based_programming__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: object-based programming
trans_list: объектно-ориентированное программирование
sense:
(programming) A programming paradigm that encapsulates states and operations inside "objects" to design applications and computer programs.


lexentry: eng/object-oriented__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: object-oriented
trans_list: объе́ктно-ориенти́рованный
sense:
(programming) Using entities called objects that can process data and exchange messages with other objects.


lexentry: eng/object-oriented_programming__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: object-oriented programming
trans_list: объе́ктно-ориенти́рованное программи́рование | объектно-ориентированное программирование
sense:
(programming) A programming paradigm that uses hierarchies of objects, instantiated from templates called classes, to design applications and computer programs.


lexentry: eng/object__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: object
trans_list: объе́кт | дополне́ние
sense:
(grammar) The noun phrase which is an internal complement of a verb phrase or a prepositional phrase. In a verb phrase with a transitive action verb, it is typically the receiver of the action.


lexentry: eng/object__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: object
trans_list: объе́кт
sense:
(category theory) An instance of one of the two kinds of entities that form a category, the other kind being the arrows (also called morphisms).


lexentry: eng/object__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: object
trans_list: возража́ть | возрази́ть
sense:
(intransitive) To disagree with or oppose something or someone; (especially in a Court of Law) to raise an objection.


lexentry: eng/object_language__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: object language
trans_list: объе́ктный язы́к
sense:
(philosophy) A language or a part of a language that is used to speak about objects but not about sentences or propositions.


lexentry: eng/objection__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: objection
trans_list: возраже́ние | возражение
sense:
A statement expressing opposition, or a reason or cause for expressing opposition (generally followed by the adposition to).


lexentry: eng/objection__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: objection
trans_list: возраже́ние | проте́ст
sense:
(legal) An official protest raised in a court of law during a legal trial over a violation of the rules of the court by the opposing party.


lexentry: eng/objective__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: objective
trans_list: объекти́в
sense:
The lens or lenses of a camera, microscope, or other optical device closest to the object being examined.


lexentry: eng/objectivity__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: objectivity
trans_list: объекти́вность | объективность
sense:
The state of being objective, just, unbiased, and not influenced by irrational emotions or personal prejudices.


lexentry: eng/obligation__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: obligation
trans_list: долг | обя́занность
sense:
A social, legal, or moral requirement, duty, contract, or promise that compels someone to follow or avoid a particular course of action.


lexentry: eng/oblige__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: oblige
trans_list: [[де́лать]] [[одолже́ние]] | [[сде́лать]] [[одолже́ние]]
sense:
(transitive, intransitive) To do (someone) a service or favour (hence, originally, creating an obligation).


lexentry: eng/oblique__Adjective__1
sense_num: 08
written_rep: oblique
trans_list: ко́свенный | непрямо́й
sense:
(grammar, of speech or narration) Indirect; employing the actual words of the speaker but as related by a third person, having the first person in pronoun and verb converted into the third person and adverbs of present time into the past, etc.


lexentry: eng/oblique_case__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: oblique case
trans_list: ко́свенный паде́ж
sense:
(grammar) Any noun case except the nominative case (and sometimes the vocative case), where the noun is the object of a verb or the object of a preposition.


lexentry: eng/obliquity__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: obliquity
trans_list: конусность | косое направле́ние | накло́н | перекос | скос | у́гол наклона
sense:
The quality of being oblique in direction, deviating from the horizontal or vertical; or the angle created by such a deviation. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/obliteration__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: obliteration
trans_list: уничтоже́ние
sense:
(medicine) The cancellation of the function, structure, or both of a vessel or organ; for example, the occlusion of the lumen of a duct, blood vessel, or lymphatic vessel, be it solely functional (as when squeezed by nearby mass effect or inflammation) or both structural and functional (as when clogged with thrombus, embolus, or fibrosis).


lexentry: eng/oblivion__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: oblivion
trans_list: забытье́ | забве́ние | забытьё
sense:
The state of being completely forgotten, of being reduced to a state of non-existence, extinction, or nothingness, including through war and destruction. (Figuratively) for an area like hell, a wasteland.


lexentry: eng/oblong__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: oblong
trans_list: продолговатый | вытянутый
sense:
(bookmaking) Having the horizontal axis of a page longer than the vertical; In landscape orientation.


lexentry: eng/oboe__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: oboe
trans_list: гобо́й | гобой
sense:
(woodwind instrument) A soprano and melody wind instrument in the modern orchestra and wind ensemble. It is a smaller instrument and generally made of grenadilla wood. It is a member of the double reed family.


lexentry: eng/obscure__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: obscure
trans_list: затемня́ть
sense:
(transitive) To render obscure; to darken; to make dim; to keep in the dark; to hide; to make less visible, intelligible, legible, glorious, beautiful, or illustrious.


lexentry: eng/observatory__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: observatory
trans_list: обсервато́рия | обсерватория
sense:
A place where stars, planets and other celestial bodies are observed, usually through a telescope; also place for observing meteorological or other natural phenomena.


lexentry: eng/observe__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: observe
trans_list: блюсти́ | наблюда́ть | отмеча́ть | соблюда́ть | соблюсти́
sense:
(transitive) To take note of and celebrate (a holiday or similar occurrence), to keep; to follow (a type of time or calendar reckoning).


lexentry: eng/obsession__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: obsession
trans_list: иде́я-фикс | навя́зчивая иде́я
sense:
An idea that engenders a compulsive or irrational preoccupation, or the preoccupation thereby engendered.


lexentry: eng/obsession__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: obsession
trans_list: заци́кленность | ма́ния | фикса́ция
sense:
An activity or entity that inspires a compulsive and potentially unhealthy fixation, or the fixation thereby inspired.


lexentry: eng/obsessive-compulsive_disorder__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: obsessive-compulsive disorder
trans_list: обсессивно-компульсивное расстройство
sense:
(medicine, psychology) A mental and behavioral disorder, characterized by obsessive intrusive thoughts and a compulsion to ease the resulting distress by repeating specific routines or rituals, regardless of their interference with other activities.


lexentry: eng/obsolete__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: obsolete
trans_list: устаре́вший | устаревший
sense:
(of words, equipment, etc.) No longer in use; gone into disuse; disused or neglected (often in favour of something newer).


lexentry: eng/obstacle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: obstacle
trans_list: препя́тствие | поме́ха | прегра́да
sense:
Something that impedes, stands in the way of, or holds up progress, either physically or figuratively


lexentry: eng/obstinate__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: obstinate
trans_list: стропти́вый | твердоло́бый | упря́мый | упёртый
sense:
Stubbornly adhering to an opinion, purpose, or course, usually with implied unreasonableness; persistent.


lexentry: eng/obstreperous__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: obstreperous
trans_list: громкий
sense:
Stubbornly defiant; disobedient; resistant to authority or control, whether in a noisy manner or not.


lexentry: eng/obstruction__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: obstruction
trans_list: обстру́кция | препя́тствие | препя́тствование
sense:
The condition of having the natural powers obstructed in their usual course; the arrest of the vital functions; death.


lexentry: eng/obstruent__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: obstruent
trans_list: смы́чный
sense:
(phonetics) A consonant sound formed by obstructing the airway, causing turbulence; a plosive, fricative, or affricate.


lexentry: eng/obtrude__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: obtrude
trans_list: навязывать
sense:
(transitive) To proffer (something) by force; to impose (something) on someone or into some area. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/obtuse__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: obtuse
trans_list: тупо́й | тупой
sense:
(geometry, specifically, of an, angle) Larger than one, and smaller than two right angles, or more than 90° and less than 180°.


lexentry: eng/obviate__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: obviate
trans_list: избега́ть | уклоня́ться
sense:
(transitive) To anticipate and prevent or bypass (something which would otherwise have been necessary or required); to render (something) unnecessary.


lexentry: eng/ocarina__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ocarina
trans_list: окари́на | окарина
sense:
(musical instruments) A woodwind musical instrument that is closed at both sides to produce an enclosed space, and punctured with finger holes.


lexentry: eng/occasion__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: occasion
trans_list: по́вод | собы́тие
sense:
An occurrence or state of affairs which causes some event or reaction; a motive or reason. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/occasional_table__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: occasional table
trans_list: журна́льный сто́лик
sense:
(furniture) Any small table, such as an end table, which has no particular function and may typically be folded away.


lexentry: eng/occident__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: occident
trans_list: запад
sense:
The part of the horizon where the sun last appears in the evening; that part of the earth towards the sunset; the west.


lexentry: eng/occipital__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: occipital
trans_list: заты́лочный | окципита́льный
sense:
(anatomy) Of, pertaining to, or located within or near the occiput (back of the head) or the occipital bone.


lexentry: eng/occluded_front__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: occluded front
trans_list: фронт окклю́зии
sense:
(meteorology) A front that occurs when a cold front overtakes a warm front at the surface and a temperature contrast exists between the advancing and retreating cold air masses.


lexentry: eng/occultation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: occultation
trans_list: покрытие
sense:
(astronomy) An astronomical event that occurs when one celestial object is hidden by another celestial object that passes between it and the observer when the nearer object appears larger and completely hides the more distant object.


lexentry: eng/occultist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: occultist
trans_list: оккульти́ст | оккультист
sense:
A person who practises or studies the occultism; a practitioner of, or person learned in, the occult.


lexentry: eng/occupation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: occupation
trans_list: заня́тие | профе́ссия
sense:
An activity or task with which one occupies oneself; usually specifically the productive activity, service, trade, or craft for which one is regularly paid; a job.


lexentry: eng/occupation__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: occupation
trans_list: оккупа́ция | оккупация
sense:
(geopolitics, military) The control of a nation or region by a hostile military or paramilitary force.


lexentry: eng/occupational_safety_and_health__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: occupational safety and health
trans_list: охрана труда
sense:
The activities and policies aimed at protecting the safety, health and welfare of people engaged in work or employment.


lexentry: eng/occupational_therapy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: occupational therapy
trans_list: трудотерапи́я
sense:
The therapeutic practice of encouraging better quality of life through the pursuit of work or other occupations.


lexentry: eng/occupier__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: occupier
trans_list: оккупа́нт | оккупа́нтка
sense:
One who occupies, particularly with respect to a foreign government controlling the territory of another.


lexentry: eng/ocean_sunfish__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ocean sunfish
trans_list: обыкнове́нная луна́-ры́ба | ры́ба-со́лнце
sense:
A large, heavy species of bony fish, Mola mola, native to tropical and temperate waters around the world.


lexentry: eng/oceanic_whitetip_shark__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: oceanic whitetip shark
trans_list: длиннокры́лая аку́ла
sense:
a large pelagic shark, taxonomic name Carcharhinus longimanus, characterized by the white tips on the fin, often prone to attack humans.


lexentry: eng/ocellus__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: ocellus
trans_list: очко
sense:
An eyelike marking in the form of a spot or ring of colour, as on the wing of a butterfly or the tail of a peacock.


lexentry: eng/ocelot__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ocelot
trans_list: оцело́т | оцелот
sense:
An American feline carnivore (Leopardus pardalis, syn. Felis pardalis) covered with blackish ocellated spots and blotches which are variously arranged.


lexentry: eng/ocrea__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ocrea
trans_list: раструб
sense:
(botany) A sheath around a plant stem forming from the stipule of a leaf and extending above the point of insertion of the leaf.


lexentry: eng/octahedron__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: octahedron
trans_list: восьмигра́нник | окта́эдр | октаэдр
sense:
(geometry) a polyhedron with eight faces; the regular octahedron has regular triangles as faces and is one of the Platonic solids.


lexentry: eng/octal__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: octal
trans_list: восьмери́чный
sense:
(arithmetic, computing) Concerning numbers expressed in octal or mathematical calculations performed using octal.


lexentry: eng/octane__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: octane
trans_list: окта́н | октан
sense:
(organic compound) Any of the eighteen isomeric aliphatic hydrocarbons (C8H18) found in petroleum, especially an iso-octane 2,2,4 trimethyl-pentane; they are used as fuels and solvents.


lexentry: eng/octave__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: octave
trans_list: окта́ва | октава
sense:
(music) An interval of twelve semitones spanning eight degrees of the diatonic scale, representing a doubling or halving in pitch frequency.


lexentry: eng/octillion__Numeral__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: octillion
trans_list: октиллион | квиндециллион
sense:
(US, modern, _, British, _, &, _) A thousand trillion trillion, a billion billion billion: 1 followed by 27 zeros, 1027.


lexentry: eng/octonion__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: octonion
trans_list: октонио́н
sense:
(mathematics) An 8-dimensional nonassociative extension of a quaternion with a real part and 7 imaginary parts (each a real multiple of a distinct square root of −1).


lexentry: eng/odd-toed_ungulate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: odd-toed ungulate
trans_list: непарнокопытное
sense:
(zoology) Any mammal in the order Perissodactyla, including horses and other equids, rhinoceroses, and tapirs.


lexentry: eng/odd__Adjective__1
sense_num: 10
written_rep: odd
trans_list: о́коло | приблизи́тельно
sense:
(not comparable, in combination with a number) About, approximately; somewhat more than (an approximated round number).


lexentry: eng/odd_one_out__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: odd one out
trans_list: нарушитель
sense:
(uncountable) A visual puzzle where the guesser has to choose which word/picture/symbol etc. does not fit with the others.


lexentry: eng/ode__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ode
trans_list: о́да | ода
sense:
A short poetical composition proper to be set to music or sung; a lyric poem; especially, now, a poem characterized by sustained noble sentiment and appropriate dignity of style.


lexentry: eng/odometer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: odometer
trans_list: одо́метр
sense:
An instrument, usually embedded within the speedometer of a vehicle, that measures the distance the vehicle has traveled since production.


lexentry: eng/odorant__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: odorant
trans_list: арома́т, благоуха́ние
sense:
Any substance that has a distinctive smell, especially one added to something (such as household gas) for safety purposes


lexentry: eng/oeuvre__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: oeuvre
trans_list: тво́рчество | труды́
sense:
(uncountable, collective) A substantial or complete corpus of works produced by a artist, composer, or writer.


lexentry: eng/of__Preposition__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: of
trans_list: из | насчёт | о | об | про
sense:
Links an intransitive verb, or a transitive verb and its subject (especially verbs to do with thinking, feeling, expressing etc.), with its subject-matter; concerning, with regard to. [from 10th c.]


lexentry: eng/of__Preposition__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: of
trans_list: -ев | -ин | -ов | -ын | -ёв
sense:
Links to a genitive noun or possessive pronoun, with partitive effect (though now often merged with possessive senses, below; see also double possessive). [from 13th c.]


lexentry: eng/of__Preposition__1
sense_num: 08
written_rep: of
trans_list: из
sense:
Belonging to, existing in, or taking place in a given location, place or time. Compare "origin" senses, above. [from 9th c.]


lexentry: eng/of__Preposition__1
sense_num: 10
written_rep: of
trans_list: из
sense:
(archaic, or, literary) Links an adjective with a noun or noun phrase to form a quasi-adverbial qualifier; in respect to, as regards. [from 13th c.]


lexentry: eng/of_one's_own_accord__Prepositional_phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: of one's own accord
trans_list: доброво́льно | по со́бственной во́ле | по со́бственному жела́нию
sense:
On one's (or its) own initiative; under one's (or its) own power, without being commanded or controlled.


lexentry: eng/off-ramp__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: off-ramp
trans_list: вы́езд | съезд
sense:
(North America, Australia) A segment of roadway that directs vehicular traffic from a freeway onto local roads. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/off-road__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: off-road
trans_list: вездехо́дный | внедоро́жный
sense:
Designed for, used for, or taking place on a driving surface that is not traditionally paved, such as a beach or rugged terrain.


lexentry: eng/offense__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: offense
trans_list: нападе́ние
sense:
(team, _, sports) A strategy and tactics employed when in position to score; contrasted with defense.


lexentry: eng/offer__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: offer
trans_list: предложе́ние
sense:
(legal) An invitation to enter into a binding contract communicated to another party which contains terms sufficiently definite to create an enforceable contract if the other party accepts the invitation.


lexentry: eng/offer__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: offer
trans_list: предлага́ть | предложи́ть | предоста́вить | предоставля́ть
sense:
(transitive) To place at someone’s disposal; to present (something) to be either accepted or turned down.


lexentry: eng/offertory__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: offertory
trans_list: дар
sense:
(Christianity) A prayer said or sung as an anthem while offerings of bread and wine are placed on the altar during the Roman Catholic Mass or the Anglican Communion service. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/office_hours__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: office hours
trans_list: приёмные часы́ | часы́ присутствия
sense:
A pre-arranged time when a person whose occupation frequently takes them away from their office during working hours is available in their office to answer questions or provide assistance without the requirement for an appointment.


lexentry: eng/officer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: officer
trans_list: должностно́е лицо́ | слу́жащий | чино́вник | чино́вница
sense:
One who has a position of authority in a hierarchical organization, especially in military, police or government organizations.


lexentry: eng/official__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: official
trans_list: официа́льный
sense:
Derived from the proper office or officer, or the appropriate authority; made or communicated by authority


lexentry: eng/official__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: official
trans_list: должностно́е лицо́ | официа́льное лицо́ | слу́жащий | судья́ | функционе́р | чино́вник
sense:
An office holder, a person holding an official position in government, sports, or other organization.


lexentry: eng/official_language__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: official language
trans_list: официальный язык
sense:
A language afforded an elevated status in a particular country, state, or other jurisdiction, typically for government use.


lexentry: eng/offline__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: offline
trans_list: офла́йн
sense:
Of a system, currently not connected (generally electrically) to a larger network. For example, a power plant which is not connected to the grid, or a computer which is not connected to the Internet or to any other communications service.


lexentry: eng/offload__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: offload
trans_list: сва́ливать | свали́ть
sense:
(transitive) To get rid of things, work, or problems by passing them on to someone or something else.


lexentry: eng/offset_printing__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: offset printing
trans_list: офсе́тная печа́ть
sense:
Printing by the offset process, in which ink is carried from a metal plate to a rubber blanket (“offset cylinder”) and from there to the printing surface.


lexentry: eng/oganesson__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: oganesson
trans_list: оганесон
sense:
The chemical element (Symbol Og) with atomic number 118. It is the heaviest known element. Highly radioactive, it does not occur naturally. Originally expected to be a noble gas, it is now predicted to be a reactive metallic solid, and a semiconductor or a post-transition metal.


lexentry: eng/ogle__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ogle
trans_list: коке́тничать | стро́ить гла́зки
sense:
(transitive, intransitive) To stare at (someone or something), especially impertinently, amorously, or covetously.


lexentry: eng/ogonek__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ogonek
trans_list: ого́нэк | хво́стик
sense:
(orthography) A hook-shaped diacritical mark ⟨◌̨⟩ attached underneath a vowel, typically to indicate nasalization, as in Ąą, Ęę, Įį, Ǫǫ or Ųų.


lexentry: eng/oh_my_God__Interjection__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: oh my God
trans_list: Го́споди | Гспде | бо́же мой | о бо́же
sense:
(potentially, _, offensive) An expression of anger, frustration, excitement, shock, awe, dismay, etc.


lexentry: eng/ohm__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ohm
trans_list: ом
sense:
In the International System of Units, the derived unit of electrical resistance; the electrical resistance of a device across which a potential difference of one volt causes a current of one ampere. Symbol: Ω


lexentry: eng/oil_cake__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: oil cake
trans_list: жмых | маку́ха
sense:
The solid residue remaining after any oilseed has been pressed to remove the vegetable oil; it is used, with other ingredients, as animal food.


lexentry: eng/oil_lamp__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: oil lamp
trans_list: кагане́ц | копти́лка | ма́сляная ла́мпа
sense:
A simple vessel used to produce light continuously for a period of time from a liquid fuel source, especially lamp oil.


lexentry: eng/oil_of_wintergreen__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: oil of wintergreen
trans_list: [[ма́сло]] [[гаульте́рии]] | [[ма́сло]] [[груша́нки]]
sense:
The aromatic oil obtained from the berries of the wintergreen plant; mostly methyl salicylate; used medicinally and in perfumes


lexentry: eng/oil_paint__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: oil paint
trans_list: ма́сляная кра́ска
sense:
A paint in which the colours or pigments are suspended in an oil-based carrier such as linseed oil which hardens on exposure to the air.


lexentry: eng/oil_platform__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: oil platform
trans_list: буровая платформа
sense:
A large structure used to house workers and machinery needed to drill and then produce oil and natural gas in the ocean.


lexentry: eng/oil_rig__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: oil rig
trans_list: бурова́я вы́шка
sense:
A rig, consisting of platform and machinery, used to drill for oil and other petroleum products like natural gas.


lexentry: eng/oil_shale__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: oil shale
trans_list: горю́чий сла́нец
sense:
A sedimentary rock containing kerogen from which petroleum-like shale oil can be produced by pyrolysis, hydrogenation, or thermal dissolution.


lexentry: eng/oilbird__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: oilbird
trans_list: гуаха́ро | жиря́к
sense:
A nocturnal South American bird, of the species Steatornis caripensis of the order Steatornithiformes, related to the nightjars that feeds on the fruit of the oil palm and tropical laurels.


lexentry: eng/oilcan__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: oilcan
trans_list: маслёнка
sense:
A container with a long spout, for holding oil and delivering it in drops or small quantities for lubrication.


lexentry: eng/oilcloth__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: oilcloth
trans_list: клеёнка
sense:
A fabric or cloth treated on one side with a waterproof covering, especially one made from linseed oil etc.; used for flooring, tablecloths, kitchen shelves and sometimes furniture covering.


lexentry: eng/ointment__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ointment
trans_list: мазь | бальза́м
sense:
(medicine) A viscous preparation of oils and/or fats, usually containing medication, used as a treatment or as an emollient.


lexentry: eng/okapi__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: okapi
trans_list: ока́пи | окапи
sense:
A large ruminant mammal, of species Okapia johnstoni, found in the rainforests of the Congo, related to the giraffe but with a much shorter neck, a reddish-brown coat, and zebra-like stripes on its hindquarters. [from early 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/okonomiyaki__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: okonomiyaki
trans_list: окономия́ки
sense:
A Japanese style of savoury pan-fried thick pancake including a mixture of vegetables and beef, pork, or seafood.


lexentry: eng/okroshka__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: okroshka
trans_list: окро́шка
sense:
A cold raw vegetable soup, part of the national cuisines of Russia and Ukraine. Usually made by pouring kvass or kefir in a pot of diced cucumber, radish, green onion, boiled potato, boiled egg, sausage or meat, sour cream, and seasoned with dill and parsley.


lexentry: eng/okurigana__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: okurigana
trans_list: окурига́на
sense:
(orthography) In the Japanese language, the kana which follow a stem written with kanji, which record how that stem is inflected, and guides recognition of the appropriate kun'yomi reading (word stem associated with the kanji); for example, く (ku) and かべる (kaberu) in 浮(う)く (u-ku, “to float”, intransitive) and 浮(う)かべる (u-kaberu, “to float”, transitive), or む (mu) and きる (kiru) in 生(う)む (umu, “to birth”) and 生(い)きる (ikiru, “to live”). Perhaps analogous to -st, -nd in English 1st (first), 2nd (second).


lexentry: eng/old_age_pension__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: old age pension
trans_list: пе́нсия по ста́рости
sense:
A pension paid to people by the state, when they reach a predefined age, to compensate for loss of earnings


lexentry: eng/old_folks'_home__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: old folks' home
trans_list: дом престарелых
sense:
(colloquial, sometimes, derogatory, or, humorous) A residential complex for elderly people often equipped with special facilities and care services; especially, a nursing home.


lexentry: eng/old_guard__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: old guard
trans_list: арьергард
sense:
A (comparatively) conservative, reactionary faction that is more unwilling to accept new ideas than their peers are.


lexentry: eng/old_man__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: old man
trans_list: папа́ша | паха́н | стари́к
sense:
(slang, military) A unit's commanding officer, or the commander of a naval vessel, irrespective of age.


lexentry: eng/old_school__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: old school
trans_list: ста́рая шко́ла
sense:
Preceded by the: a group of people characterized by being conservative or traditional; also, a method for accomplishing a task, a style, or a way of thinking that was employed in a former era, remembered either for its inferiority to the current method, or for its superiority over the new way.


lexentry: eng/old_wives'_tale__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: old wives' tale
trans_list: бабьи сказки
sense:
A rumour, myth or superstition; something which is almost certainly untrue, despite acceptance by many.


lexentry: eng/older_brother__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: older brother
trans_list: [[ста́рший]] брат
sense:
Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see older,‎ brother. (This entry is a translation hub.)


lexentry: eng/older_sister__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: older sister
trans_list: [[старший|ста́ршая]] [[сестра́]]
sense:
Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see older,‎ sister. (This entry is a translation hub.)


lexentry: eng/oleander__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: oleander
trans_list: олеа́ндр
sense:
Nerium oleander, a notoriously poisonous shrub in the dogbane family, Apocynaceae, but nonetheless widely grown as an ornamental, having leathery lance-shaped leaves and deep rose-colored or white flowers.


lexentry: eng/oleic_acid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: oleic acid
trans_list: олеиновая кислота́
sense:
(fatty acid) An unsaturated fatty acid, having 18 carbon atoms and one double bond, found in olive oil and very many other vegetable and animal oils and fats; it is used for making soap, cosmetics etc.


lexentry: eng/olericulture__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: olericulture
trans_list: овощево́дство
sense:
The field of horticulture dealing with the production, storage, processing and marketing of vegetables


lexentry: eng/olestra__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: olestra
trans_list: олестра
sense:
A fat substitute (a glyceride of sucrose) that cannot be easily digested and therefore adds no fat, calories, or cholesterol to food products; also used as an industrial lubricant.


lexentry: eng/oligarchy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: oligarchy
trans_list: олига́рхия | олигархия
sense:
A government run by and for only a few, often the aristocracy, the wealthy, or their friends and associates.


lexentry: eng/oligolecty__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: oligolecty
trans_list: олиголе́кция
sense:
(entomology) The preference of an insect pollinator (chiefly a bee) for pollinating only a few plant species.


lexentry: eng/oligomer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: oligomer
trans_list: олигомер
sense:
(chemistry) A compound intermediate between a monomer and a polymer, normally having a specified number of units between about five and a hundred.


lexentry: eng/oligopoly__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: oligopoly
trans_list: олигопо́лия | олигополия
sense:
(economics) An economic condition in which a small number of sellers exert control over the market of a commodity.


lexentry: eng/olinguito__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: olinguito
trans_list: олинги́то
sense:
A raccoon-like procyonid, of species Bassaricyon neblina, native to the Andean forests of Colombia and Ecuador.


lexentry: eng/olive-backed_pipit__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: olive-backed pipit
trans_list: пятнистый конёк
sense:
Anthus hodgsoni, passerine bird of the pipit (Anthus) genus, which breeds across southern, north central and eastern Asia, as well as in the north-eastern European Russia


lexentry: eng/olive_branch__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: olive branch
trans_list: оли́вковая ве́твь
sense:
(figuratively) Any symbol of peace, or a peace offering to an adversary to show goodwill and in the hope of securing peace.


lexentry: eng/olive_flounder__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: olive flounder
trans_list: азиа́тский парали́хт | ло́жный па́лтус
sense:
Paralichthys olivaceus, a temperate marine species of large-tooth flounder native to the north-western Pacific Ocean.


lexentry: eng/olive_oil__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: olive oil
trans_list: оли́вковое ма́сло | оливковое масло
sense:
A vegetable oil, pressed from olives, and used in cooking and as a salad dressing; it is high in unsaturated fatty acids.


lexentry: eng/olivine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: olivine
trans_list: оливи́н
sense:
(mineral, geology) Any of a group of olive green magnesium-iron silicate minerals that crystallize in the orthorhombic system.


lexentry: eng/olm__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: olm
trans_list: европе́йский проте́й | проте́й
sense:
Proteus anguinus, a cave-dwelling neotenous salamander with external gills, found along the coast from northeastern Italy to Montenegro.


lexentry: eng/omasum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: omasum
trans_list: кни́жка
sense:
(biology, food) The third compartment of the stomach of a ruminant; the lining of said compartment, regarded as a foodstuff.


lexentry: eng/ombudsman__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ombudsman
trans_list: [[уполномо́ченный]] по [[право|права́м]] [[человек|челове́ка]] | омбудсма́н | омбудсме́н
sense:
An appointed official whose duty is to investigate complaints, generally on behalf of individuals such as consumers or taxpayers, against institutions such as companies and government departments.


lexentry: eng/omega__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: omega
trans_list: оме́га | омега
sense:
The twenty-fourth letter of the Classical and the Modern Greek alphabet, and the twenty-eighth letter of the Old and the Ancient Greek alphabet, i.e. the last letter of every Greek alphabet. Uppercase version: Ω; lowercase: ω.


lexentry: eng/omelette__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: omelette
trans_list: омле́т | яи́чница | омлет
sense:
A dish made with beaten eggs cooked in a frying pan without stirring, flipped over to cook on both sides, and sometimes filled or topped with other foodstuffs, for example cheese or chives.


lexentry: eng/omen__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: omen
trans_list: зна́мение | предзнаменова́ние
sense:
Something which portends or is perceived to portend either a good or evil event or circumstance in the future, or which causes a foreboding; a portent or augury.


lexentry: eng/omertà__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: omertà
trans_list: оме́рта | омерта́
sense:
(crime) A code of silence amongst members of the Mafia that forbids divulging insider secrets to law enforcement, often also followed outside of the organization for fear of retaliation.


lexentry: eng/omission__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: omission
trans_list: про́пуск
sense:
(countable) An instance of those acts, or the thing left out thereby; something deleted or left out.


lexentry: eng/omission__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: omission
trans_list: про́пуск | упуще́ние
sense:
(grammar) The shortening of a word or phrase, using an apostrophe ( ' ) to replace the missing letters, often used to approximate the sound of speech or a specific dialect.


lexentry: eng/ommatidium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ommatidium
trans_list: оммати́дий
sense:
(zoology) One of the conical substructures which make up the eyes of invertebrates with compound eyes.


lexentry: eng/omnibenevolent__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: omnibenevolent
trans_list: вселюбящий
sense:
All-loving, or infinitely good, usually in reference to a deity or supernatural being, for example, God.


lexentry: eng/omnibus__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: omnibus
trans_list: сбо́рник
sense:
An anthology of previously released material linked together by theme or author, especially in book form.


lexentry: eng/omnicide__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: omnicide
trans_list: омници́д
sense:
(countable, and, uncountable) The total extinction of the human species as a result of human action. Most commonly it refers to human extinction through nuclear warfare, but it can also refer to such extinction through other means such as global anthropogenic ecological catastrophe.


lexentry: eng/omnidirectional__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: omnidirectional
trans_list: всенаправленный
sense:
In every direction, especially of a radio system capable of transmitting or receiving signals in all directions, or of a microphone capable of detecting sound from all directions.


lexentry: eng/omnipresence__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: omnipresence
trans_list: вездесу́щность
sense:
The ability to be, or the characteristic of being, at all places at the same time (usually only attributed to God).


lexentry: eng/omul__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: omul
trans_list: о́муль
sense:
Any of the salmon-like fish of species Coregonus migratorius (syn. Coregonus autumnalis migratorius), native to Lake Baikal in Siberia


lexentry: eng/on-ramp__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: on-ramp
trans_list: въезд
sense:
(North America, Australia) A segment of roadway that directs vehicular traffic from local roads onto a freeway.


lexentry: eng/on__Preposition__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: on
trans_list: на
sense:
With verbs describing an action of hitting, rubbing, scratching, binding against, etc., designates the thing impacted or contacted.


lexentry: eng/on__Preposition__1
sense_num: 28
written_rep: on
trans_list: на
sense:
To the account or detriment of; denoting imprecation or invocation, or coming to, falling, or resting upon.


lexentry: eng/on_a_first-name_basis__Adverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: on a first-name basis
trans_list: на "ты"
sense:
(idiom) Having enough familiarity with another person to call them by their first name, as opposed to their surname.


lexentry: eng/on_air__Prepositional_phrase__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: on air
trans_list: в [[прямой|прямо́м]] [[эфир|эфи́ре]] | в [[эфир|эфи́ре]]
sense:
(radio, television, broadcasting) Being, or so as to be, broadcast or transmitted by radio or television.


lexentry: eng/on_foot__Prepositional_phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: on foot
trans_list: пешко́м | пешо́чком
sense:
On one's feet; walking, jogging or running but not in a vehicle or on the back of an animal. [from 10th c.]


lexentry: eng/on_its_merits__Prepositional_phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: on its merits
trans_list: по́ существу́
sense:
(idiomatic) Considering only intrinsic good points and bad points, without prejudice or other considerations, such as procedural ones.


lexentry: eng/on_the_bias__Prepositional_phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: on the bias
trans_list: вкось
sense:
(textiles) Describing the method of cutting fabric diagonally across the grain (so as to make the clothing cling to the body)


lexentry: eng/on_the_cheap__Prepositional_phrase__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: on the cheap
trans_list: дешёвка
sense:
(informal) Too cheaply or economically, inexpensive and affordable to the point of substandard quality.


lexentry: eng/on_the_face_of_it__Prepositional_phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: on the face of it
trans_list: на пе́рвый взгляд | по-ви́димому
sense:
(idiomatic) Seemingly; to all appearances; as far as can be seen or determined without deeper investigation or analysis.


lexentry: eng/on_the_fritz__Prepositional_phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: on the fritz
trans_list: поло́манный | сло́манный
sense:
(of electrical or mechanical appliances, idiomatic, Northern US) Out of order; malfunctioning; broken.


lexentry: eng/onager__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: onager
trans_list: она́гр
sense:
The Asiatic wild ass or hemione (Equus hemionus), an animal of the horse family native to Asia; specifically, the Persian onager, Persian wild ass, or Persian zebra (Equus hemionus onager).


lexentry: eng/once_upon_a_time__Adverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: once upon a time
trans_list: жил-был | в тридевя́том ца́рстве, в тридеся́том госуда́рстве | давны́м-давно́
sense:
A long time ago; at some time in the past (a traditional beginning of children's stories, especially fairy tales).


lexentry: eng/oncilla__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: oncilla
trans_list: онци́лла
sense:
a small spotted felid, of species Leopardus tigrinus, found in the tropical rainforests of Central and South America.


lexentry: eng/oncology__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: oncology
trans_list: онколо́гия | онкология
sense:
The branch of medicine concerned with tumors, including study of their development, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention.


lexentry: eng/ondol__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ondol
trans_list: ондо́ль
sense:
A Korean form of underfloor heating that uses direct heat transfer from wood smoke to the underside of a thick masonry floor.


lexentry: eng/one-armed_bandit__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: one-armed bandit
trans_list: однору́кий банди́т
sense:
(originally, US, gambling) A gaming machine having a long arm-like handle at one side that a player pulls down to make reels spin; the player wins money or tokens when certain combinations of symbols line up on these reels.


lexentry: eng/one-child_policy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: one-child policy
trans_list: [[поли́тика]] [[один|одного́]] ребёнка на [[один|одну́]] [[семья|семью́]]
sense:
(historical) A policy of population control in China, whereby a married couple is allowed only one child.


lexentry: eng/one-horse_town__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: one-horse town
trans_list: дыра́ | захолу́стье | захолустный го́род | заштатный го́род
sense:
(US, idiomatic) A very small town, especially one of a rural nature and/or offering very few or no attractions.


lexentry: eng/one-night_stand__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: one-night stand
trans_list: рома́н на одну́ ночь | случа́йная связь
sense:
(idiomatic) A single sexual encounter between two individuals, where at least one of the partners has no immediate intention or expectation of establishing a longer-term sexual or romantic relationship.


lexentry: eng/one-stop_shop__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: one-stop shop
trans_list: МФЦ
sense:
(informal) A single place, institution, service, website, technology, etc., that provides everything necessary.


lexentry: eng/one-way_mirror__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: one-way mirror
trans_list: одностороннее зе́ркало
sense:
A mirror reflecting images on one side and transparent on the other, often used by the police during interrogations.


lexentry: eng/one_another__Pronoun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: one another
trans_list: взаи́мно | друг дру́га | друг дру́гу
sense:
(reciprocal pronoun) Used of a reciprocal relationship among a group of two or more people or things; compare each other.


lexentry: eng/one_brick_short_of_a_full_load__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
sense: (slang) Not mentally sound; insane.
written_rep: one brick short of a full load
trans_list:
ба́шню снесло́ | без царя́ в голове́ | ви́нтика в голове́ не хвата́ет | котело́к не ва́рит | кры́ша пое́хала | не все до́ма


lexentry: eng/one_for_all,_all_for_one__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: one for all, all for one
trans_list: оди́н за все́х и все за одного́ | один за всех и все за одного
sense:
Each individual should act for the benefit of the group, and the group should act for the benefit of each individual.


lexentry: eng/one_o'clock__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: one o'clock
trans_list: оди́н час | час
sense:
(In both the 12-hour clock and the 24-hour clock) The start of the second hour of the day; 1:00 a.m. (01:00).


lexentry: eng/one_swallow_does_not_a_summer_make__Proverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: one swallow does not a summer make
trans_list: пе́рвая ла́сточка весны́ не де́лает
sense:
One instance of an event (such as the arrival of a single bird) does not necessarily indicate a trend.


lexentry: eng/onerous__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: onerous
trans_list: обременительный | тягостный
sense:
Imposing or constituting a physical, mental, or figurative load which can be borne only with effort; burdensome.


lexentry: eng/onion_dome__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: onion dome
trans_list: луковицео́бразный ку́пол
sense:
(architecture) An onion-shaped dome, characteristic of august buildings in Moghul and Russian architecture


lexentry: eng/onion_grass__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: onion grass
trans_list: лук виногра́дничный
sense:
Wild or feral chives, garlic, or other species with grass-like leaves in the genus Allium, particularly Allium vineale, a wild herb native to Europe and western Asia, naturalised elsewhere; a common lawn weed.


lexentry: eng/only__Conjunction__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: only
trans_list: но | одна́ко | то́лько вот
sense:
(informal, clause-initial) Introduces a clause with negative polarity, often one which upsets the listener's expectations.


lexentry: eng/ontology__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ontology
trans_list: онтоло́гия | онтология
sense:
(uncountable, philosophy) The branch of metaphysics that addresses the nature or essential characteristics of being and of things that exist; the study of being qua being.


lexentry: eng/ontology__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: ontology
trans_list: онтоло́гия | онтология
sense:
(countable, computer science, information science) A structure of concepts or entities within a domain, organized by relationships; a system model.


lexentry: eng/oodles__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: oodles
trans_list: заземление
sense:
(originally, US, informal, chiefly with "of") unspecified large amount, number, or quantity; lots, tons.


lexentry: eng/oogamy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: oogamy
trans_list: оогамия
sense:
(biology) A form of anisogamy (heterogamy) in which the female gamete (e.g. ovum) is significantly larger than the male gamete (sperm) and is non-motile.


lexentry: eng/oolith__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: oolith
trans_list: оолит
sense:
(geology) A spherical granule of which oolite is composed, formed by concentric accretion of thin layers of a mineral (usually calcium carbonate (limestone) but also others such as dolomite and silica) around a core; an ooid.


lexentry: eng/oosphere__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: oosphere
trans_list: яйцеклетка
sense:
(botany, mycology) A large nonmotile egg cell, especially of an alga or fungus, formed in an oogonium and ready for fertilization.


lexentry: eng/op-ed__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: op-ed
trans_list: [[страни́ца]] [[публицистика|публици́стики]]
sense:
A newspaper page containing signed articles by commentators expressing viewpoints that may not agree with those espoused by the editorial board, traditionally printed opposite the editorial page.


lexentry: eng/opal__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: opal
trans_list: опа́л | опал
sense:
(mineral) A mineral consisting, like quartz, of silica, but inferior to quartz in hardness and specific gravity, of the chemical formula SiO2·nH2O.


lexentry: eng/open-minded__Adjective__1
written_rep: open-minded
trans_list:
[[широкий|широ́ких]] [[взгляд|взгля́дов]] | непредвзя́тый | непредубеждённый | с [[широкий|широ́ким]] [[кругозор|кругозо́ром]]


lexentry: eng/open-pit_mine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: open-pit mine
trans_list: открытая разработка
sense:
A type of mine where rock or minerals are extracted from the earth by their removal from an open pit or borrow.


lexentry: eng/open__Adjective__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: open
trans_list: открытый
sense:
(mathematics, topology, of a set) Which is part of a predefined collection of subsets of X, that defines a topological space on X.


lexentry: eng/open__Adjective__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: open
trans_list: откры́тый | открытый
sense:
(music, stringed instruments) Of a note, played without pressing the string against the fingerboard.


lexentry: eng/open__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: open
trans_list: открытый
sense:
A sports event in which anybody can compete, especially or originally irrespective of amateur or professional status.


lexentry: eng/open__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: open
trans_list: поднима́ть | подня́ть
sense:
(computing, transitive, intransitive) To connect to a resource (a file, document, etc.) for viewing or editing.


lexentry: eng/open_book__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: open book
trans_list: на лбу́ напи́сано | откры́тая кни́га
sense:
(idiomatic) A person who through naivete responds candidly to questions or openly displays their emotions or intentions.


lexentry: eng/open_letter__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: open letter
trans_list: откры́тое письмо́ | открытое письмо
sense:
A letter addressed to one person, or more, but published (as for example in a newspaper) for the public to read.


lexentry: eng/open_relationship__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: open relationship
trans_list: откры́тые отноше́ния
sense:
A romantic and/or sexual relationship in which the people involved are permitted or tolerated to be available to have additional simultaneous romantic and/or sexual relationships.


lexentry: eng/open_set__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: open set
trans_list: откры́тое мно́жество
sense:
(topology) Informally, a set such that the target point of a movement by a small amount in any direction from any point in the set is still in the set; exemplified by a full circle without its boundary.


lexentry: eng/open_up__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: open up
trans_list: открыть
sense:
(intransitive) To reveal oneself; to share personal information about oneself; to become communicative.


lexentry: eng/open_water__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: open water
trans_list: закорки
sense:
An expanse of an ocean, sea, or large lake which is distant from shore and devoid of nearby islands or other obstructions.


lexentry: eng/open_world__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: open world
trans_list: откры́тый мир
sense:
(video games, also, attributive) A gameworld that the player may traverse freely, rather than being restricted to certain predefined areas and quests. [from early 21st c.]


lexentry: eng/openbill__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: openbill
trans_list: аист-разиня
sense:
Either of two species of bird in the genus Anastomus of the stork family Ciconiidae, with a distinctive gap between the mandibles of the closed bill.


lexentry: eng/opencast__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: opencast
trans_list: открытая разработка
sense:
(chiefly, British) Of or pertaining to strip mining, in which material is removed from a surface that has been exposed


lexentry: eng/openness__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: openness
trans_list: открытость
sense:
Accommodating attitude or opinion, as in receptivity to new ideas, behaviors, cultures, peoples, environments, experiences, etc., different from the familiar, conventional, traditional, or one's own.


lexentry: eng/openness__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: openness
trans_list: открытость
sense:
The degree to which a person, group, organization, institution, or society exhibits this liberal attitude or opinion.


lexentry: eng/operand__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: operand
trans_list: опера́нд
sense:
(mathematics, computing) A quantity to which an operator is applied (in 3 - x, the operands of the subtraction operator are 3 and x).


lexentry: eng/operate__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: operate
trans_list: опери́ровать | рабо́тать | управля́ть | эксплуати́ровать
sense:
(transitive, or, intransitive) To perform a work or labour; to exert power or strength, physical or mechanical; to act.


lexentry: eng/operate__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: operate
trans_list: влия́ть | де́йствовать | ока́зывать влия́ние | рабо́тать
sense:
(intransitive) To produce an appropriate physical effect; to issue in the result designed by nature; especially (medicine) to take appropriate effect on the human system.


lexentry: eng/operate__Verb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: operate
trans_list: опери́ровать | управля́ть | эксплуати́ровать
sense:
(medicine, transitive, or, intransitive) To perform some manual act upon a human body in a methodical manner, and usually with instruments, with a view to restore soundness or health, as in amputation, lithotomy, etc.


lexentry: eng/operate__Verb__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: operate
trans_list: спекули́ровать
sense:
(transitive, or, intransitive) To deal in stocks or any commodity with a view to speculative profits.


lexentry: eng/operating_system__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: operating system
trans_list: операцио́нка | операцио́нная систе́ма | операционная система
sense:
(computing, software) Software that is designed for controlling the allocation and the use of various hardware resources to tasks and remote terminals.


lexentry: eng/operating_theatre__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: operating theatre
trans_list: операционная
sense:
A room in a hospital used for performing surgery (originally designed for operations in front of observers).


lexentry: eng/operation__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: operation
trans_list: опера́ция | де́йствие
sense:
(computing, logic, mathematics, countable) A procedure for generating a value from one or more other values (the operands).


lexentry: eng/operationalism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: operationalism
trans_list: операционализм
sense:
(sciences) A philosophy that attempts to define all scientific concepts in terms of specified operations or procedures of observation and measurement.


lexentry: eng/operator__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: operator
trans_list: опера́тор
sense:
(informal) A person who is adept at making deals or getting results, especially one who uses questionable methods.


lexentry: eng/operator__Noun__1
sense_num: 12
written_rep: operator
trans_list: опера́тор
sense:
(mathematics) A linear transformation; a manipulation of a point or vector following the rules of linearity.


lexentry: eng/operetta__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: operetta
trans_list: опере́тта | оперетта
sense:
(music) A lighter version of opera with a frivolous story and spoken dialogue. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]


lexentry: eng/ophidian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ophidian
trans_list: змееви́дный | змееподо́бный
sense:
Of or pertaining to the suborder Serpentes; of, related to, or characteristic of a snake or serpent.


lexentry: eng/ophthalmologist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ophthalmologist
trans_list: глазни́к | глазно́й врач | окули́ст | офтальмо́лог
sense:
A medical doctor specializing in the eye: deficiencies of vision requiring correction, and diseases. Compare optometrist.


lexentry: eng/opine__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: opine
trans_list: выска́зывать | ду́мать | мне́ние | полага́ть | счита́ть
sense:
(intransitive, transitive) To express an opinion; to state as an opinion; to suppose, consider (that).


lexentry: eng/opinion__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: opinion
trans_list: взгляд | мне́ние | воззре́ние | мнение
sense:
A belief, judgment or perspective that a person has formed, either through objective or subjective reasoning, about a topic, issue, person or thing.


lexentry: eng/opinion__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: opinion
trans_list: заключе́ние
sense:
(European Union, _, law) A judicial opinion delivered by an Advocate General to the European Court of Justice where he or she proposes a legal solution to the cases for which the court is responsible.


lexentry: eng/opinion_piece__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: opinion piece
trans_list: фельетон
sense:
(journalism) An article in which the author expresses his or her personal opinion on a given subject.


lexentry: eng/opium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: opium
trans_list: о́пий | о́пиум | опиум
sense:
(uncountable) A yellow-brown, addictive narcotic drug obtained from the dried juice of unripe pods of the opium poppy, Papaver somniferum, and containing alkaloids such as morphine, codeine, and papaverine.


lexentry: eng/oppa__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: oppa
trans_list: о́ппа
sense:
(manhwa, women's speech) An affectionate term of address for an older brother or somewhat older man.


lexentry: eng/opponent__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: opponent
trans_list: оппоне́нт | оппоне́нтка | проти́вник | проти́вница
sense:
One who opposes another; one who works or takes a position against someone or something; one who attempts to stop the progress of someone or something.


lexentry: eng/opportunism__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: opportunism
trans_list: оппортунизм
sense:
(Marxism) The political line of Communist Party members who zealously support the Party, but whose trait is that they yield to the mood of the moment, they are unable to resist what is fashionable, leading to the sacrifice of the permanent and essential interests of the Party to the momentary and minor interests.


lexentry: eng/opportunist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: opportunist
trans_list: оппортуни́ст | оппортуни́стка | приспособле́нец | приспособле́нка
sense:
Someone who takes advantage of any opportunity to advance their own situation, placing expediency above principle.


lexentry: eng/opportunity_cost__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: opportunity cost
trans_list: альтернативные затраты | альтернативные изде́ржки
sense:
(economics) The cost of an opportunity forgone (and the loss of the benefits that could be received from that opportunity); the most valuable forgone alternative.


lexentry: eng/oppose__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: oppose
trans_list: возража́ть | возрази́ть | воспрепя́тствовать | отрица́ть | препя́тствовать | противостоять
sense:
To attempt to stop the progression of; to resist or antagonize by physical means, or by arguments, etc.; to contend against.


lexentry: eng/opposite_number__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: opposite number
trans_list: коллега
sense:
(idiomatic) A person who holds a position in an organization that corresponds to that held by another person in another organization; a counterpart


lexentry: eng/opposition__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: opposition
trans_list: противостоя́ние | оппозиция
sense:
(astronomy) The apparent relative position of two celestial bodies when one is at an angle of 180 degrees from the other as seen from the Earth.


lexentry: eng/opposition__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: opposition
trans_list: оппозиция
sense:
(chess) A position in which the player on the move must yield with his king allowing his opponent to advance with his own king.


lexentry: eng/opprobrium__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: opprobrium
trans_list: бесче́стье | позо́р
sense:
Disgrace or bad reputation arising from exceedingly shameful behaviour; ignominy. [from late 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/oprichnina__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: oprichnina
trans_list: опри́чнина
sense:
(historical) The period of Russian history between 1565 and 1572 during which Tsar Ivan the Terrible instituted a domestic policy of secret police, mass repressions, public executions, and confiscation of land from Russian aristocrats.


lexentry: eng/optic_nerve__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: optic nerve
trans_list: зри́тельный нерв
sense:
(neuroanatomy) Each of the second pair of cranial nerves that carry visual information from the retina to the brain.


lexentry: eng/optical_fibre__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: optical fibre
trans_list: оптоволокно́
sense:
(British spelling) A thin, transparent, flexible fibre, made of glass or plastic, used for transmitting light.


lexentry: eng/optical_telescope__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: optical telescope
trans_list: опти́ческий телеско́п
sense:
An instrument, used both for recreational and scientific purposes, which provides a magnified view of distant objects by collecting and focusing light by means of mirrors and/or optical lenses.


lexentry: eng/optimistic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: optimistic
trans_list: оптимисти́ческий | оптимисти́чный | оптимистический
sense:
(computing) Allowing other processes to perform transactions on the same data at the same time, and checking for conflicts only when changes need to be written back.


lexentry: eng/optimization__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: optimization
trans_list: оптимиза́ция
sense:
The design and operation of a system or process to make it as good as possible in some defined sense.


lexentry: eng/option__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: option
trans_list: опцио́н | опцион
sense:
(finance, legal) A contract giving the holder the right to buy or sell an asset at a set strike price; can apply to financial market transactions, or to ordinary transactions for tangible assets such as a residence or automobile. [from mid-18th c.]


lexentry: eng/optogenetics__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: optogenetics
trans_list: оптогенетика
sense:
(genetics) A science that combines optics and genetics, aiming at controlling cellular processes with light. The cells are made responsive to light using genetics and then activated using specific wavelengths.


lexentry: eng/optometrist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: optometrist
trans_list: о́птик | окули́ст | оптометри́ст
sense:
A person trained and skilled in examining and testing the eyes for defects, in order to prescribe corrective lenses or treatment.


lexentry: eng/opus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: opus
trans_list: о́пус
sense:
(music) A work of music or set of works with a specified rank in an ordering of a composer's complete published works.


lexentry: eng/or__Conjunction__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: or
trans_list: а́ли | и́ли | ли́бо | чи
sense:
(logic) An operator denoting the disjunction of two propositions or truth values. There are two forms, the inclusive or and the exclusive or.


lexentry: eng/or_something__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: or something
trans_list: и́ли что́-то в э́том ро́де | что́ ли
sense:
(idiomatic) Or something like that. Used to indicate the possibility that the preceding word or phrase is vague or not exactly correct in its applicability.


lexentry: eng/or_words_to_that_effect__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: or words to that effect
trans_list: и́ли что́-то в э́том ро́де
sense:
(idiomatic) used to indicate a paraphrase or the chance of an error in the details of reported speech.


lexentry: eng/oracle_bone_script__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: oracle bone script
trans_list: цзягувэ́нь
sense:
The set of incised ancient Chinese characters found on oracle bones used in divination during Bronze Age China.


lexentry: eng/oral_cavity__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: oral cavity
trans_list: ротова́я по́лость
sense:
(anatomy) The cavity of the mouth, especially the part of the mouth behind the gums and teeth that is bounded above by the hard and soft palates and below by the tongue and by the mucous membrane connecting it with the inner part of the mandible.


lexentry: eng/oral_hygiene__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: oral hygiene
trans_list: [[гигие́на]] [[по́лости рта]]
sense:
The practice of keeping the mouth clean in order to prevent cavities (dental caries), gingivitis, periodontitis, bad breath (halitosis), and other dental disorders.


lexentry: eng/orange__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: orange
trans_list: апельси́н | апельси́новое де́рево
sense:
(countable) An evergreen tree of the genus Citrus such as Citrus sinensis which yields oranges (the fruit).


lexentry: eng/orange__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: orange
trans_list: апельсин | апельси́н
sense:
(countable) Any round citrus fruit with a yellow-red colour when ripe and a sour-sweet taste; the fruit of the orange tree.


lexentry: eng/orange_juice__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: orange juice
trans_list: апельси́новый сок | апельсиновый сок
sense:
The juice of squeezed oranges; used as a beverage or in cocktails. (This entry is a translation hub.)


lexentry: eng/orange_tip__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: orange tip
trans_list: аврора
sense:
Any of various pierid butterflies having orange tips to the upper forewings, especially Anthocharis cardamines, of Eurasia.


lexentry: eng/orangutan__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: orangutan
trans_list: орангута́н | орангутан
sense:
Any of three species of arboreal anthropoid ape, characterised by their shaggy reddish-brown coat and long arms, which comprise the genus Pongo, native to Borneo and Sumatra.


lexentry: eng/oratorio__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: oratorio
trans_list: орато́рия
sense:
(music) A musical composition, often based on a religious theme; similar to opera but with no costume, scenery or acting.


lexentry: eng/orbit__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: orbit
trans_list: орби́та | орбита
sense:
(pinball) A path for the ball on the outer edge of the playfield, usually connected so that the ball entering in one end will come out of the other.


lexentry: eng/orbital__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: orbital
trans_list: орбита́ль
sense:
(physics) A specification of the energy and probability density of one or more electrons at any point in an atom or molecule, representable as a wave function.


lexentry: eng/orc__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: orc
trans_list: орк
sense:
(fantasy, mythology) A mythical evil monstrous humanoid creature, usually quite aggressive and often green. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/orchard__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
sense: The trees themselves cultivated in such an area.
written_rep: orchard
trans_list:
[[плодовый|плодо́вые]] [[дерево|дере́вья]] | [[садовый|садо́вые]] [[дерево|дере́вья]] | [[фрукто́вый]] сад | [[фруктовый|фрукто́вые]] [[дерево|дере́вья]] | сад


lexentry: eng/orchestra__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: orchestra
trans_list: орке́стр | оркестр
sense:
(music) A large group of musicians who play together on various instruments, usually including some from strings, woodwind, brass and/or percussion; the instruments played by such a group.


lexentry: eng/orchestra__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: orchestra
trans_list: оркестр
sense:
(Ancient Greece, theater) A semicircular space in front of the stage used by the chorus in Ancient Greek and Hellenistic theatres.


lexentry: eng/orchestra__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: orchestra
trans_list: оркестро́вая я́ма | оркестр
sense:
The area in a theatre or concert hall where the musicians sit, immediately in front of and below the stage, sometimes (also) used by other performers.


lexentry: eng/orchestra_pit__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: orchestra pit
trans_list: оркестровая яма
sense:
(performing arts) A sunken area in front of a stage in which musicians, largely hidden from view, play music to accompany stage performances.


lexentry: eng/orchid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: orchid
trans_list: орхиде́я | ятры́шник | орхидея
sense:
A plant of the orchid family (Orchidaceae), bearing unusually-shaped flowers of beautiful colours. [mid-19th c.]


lexentry: eng/orda__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: orda
trans_list: орда́
sense:
(historical) A political and military organizational structure used by Turkic and Mongol peoples, sometimes referred to as a horde.


lexentry: eng/ordain__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: ordain
trans_list: рукополагать | рукоположить
sense:
(religion) To admit into the ministry, for example as a priest, bishop, minister or Buddhist monk, or to authorize as a rabbi.


lexentry: eng/ordeal__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: ordeal
trans_list: орда́лии | орда́лия | суд бо́жий
sense:
A trial in which the accused was subjected to a dangerous test (such as ducking in water), divine authority deciding the guilt of the accused. (See w:Trial by ordeal on Wikipedia.Wikipedia)


lexentry: eng/order__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: order
trans_list: о́рден | орден
sense:
(countable) A group of religious adherents, especially monks or nuns, set apart within their religion by adherence to a particular rule or set of principles.


lexentry: eng/order__Noun__1
sense_num: 10
written_rep: order
trans_list: о́рден | орден
sense:
(countable) A decoration, awarded by a government, a dynastic house, or a religious body to an individual, usually for distinguished service to a nation or to humanity.


lexentry: eng/order__Noun__1
sense_num: 11
written_rep: order
trans_list: отря́д | порядок
sense:
(countable, biology, taxonomy) A category in the classification of organisms, ranking below class and above family; a taxon at that rank.


lexentry: eng/order__Noun__1
sense_num: 12
written_rep: order
trans_list: ранг | сте́пень
sense:
A number of things or persons arranged in a fixed or suitable place, or relative position; a rank; a row; a grade; especially, a rank or class in society; a distinct character, kind, or sort.


lexentry: eng/order__Noun__1
sense_num: 17
written_rep: order
trans_list: поря́док
sense:
(electronics) A power of polynomial function in an electronic circuit’s block, such as a filter, an amplifier, etc.


lexentry: eng/order__Noun__1
sense_num: 21
written_rep: order
trans_list: о́рден | орден
sense:
(graph theory, of a graph) The number of vertices in the graph (i.e. the set-theoretic order of the set of vertices of the graph).


lexentry: eng/order__Verb__1
sense_num: 05
sense: To admit to holy orders; to ordain; to receive into the ranks of the ministry.
written_rep: order
trans_list:
[[привести́]] в [[поря́док]] | [[приводи́ть]] в [[поря́док]] | вы́строить | выстра́ивать | упоря́дочивать | упоря́дочить


lexentry: eng/order_of_knighthood__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: order of knighthood
trans_list: рыцарский орден
sense:
An order which (at least mainly) consists of members who receive and/or most have the knighthood, hence constitutes an honorific brotherhood (in modern times often open to both genders, in rare cases a sisterhood) of knights (and/or, as female equivalent, dames). The hierarchical structure, purpose, activities (in many cases rare and mainly ceremonious), titles and insignia vary widely.


lexentry: eng/ordered_pair__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ordered pair
trans_list: па́ра | упоря́доченная па́ра
sense:
(set theory) An object containing exactly two elements in a fixed order, so that, when the elements are different, exchanging them gives a different object. Notation: (a, b) or \langle a, b\rangle.


lexentry: eng/ordinal_number__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: ordinal number
trans_list: поря́дковое числи́тельное
sense:
(set theory) Such a number generalised to correspond to any cardinal number (the size of some set); formally, the order type of some well-ordered set of some cardinality a, which represents an equivalence class of well-ordered sets (exactly those of cardinality a) under the equivalence relation "existence of an order-preserving bijection".


lexentry: eng/ordinate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ordinate
trans_list: ордина́та
sense:
(geometry) The second of the two terms by which a point is referred to, in a system of fixed rectilinear coordinate (Cartesian coordinate) axes.


lexentry: eng/ordoliberalism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ordoliberalism
trans_list: западногерманский неолиберализм
sense:
(economics, politics) A political philosophy that emphasizes the desirability of the government establishing rules to maximize the potential of the free market to produce results.


lexentry: eng/ore__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ore
trans_list: руда́ | руда
sense:
Rock or other material that contains valuable or utilitarian materials; primarily a rock containing metals or gems for which it is typically mined and processed.


lexentry: eng/organ__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: organ
trans_list: орга́н | орган
sense:
(musical instruments) A musical instrument that has multiple pipes which play when a key is pressed (the pipe organ), or an electronic instrument designed to replicate such.


lexentry: eng/organ_donor__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: organ donor
trans_list: [[до́нор]] [[орган|о́рганов]]
sense:
A person (living or dead) from whom an organ is removed in order to be transplanted into another person.


lexentry: eng/organ_gun__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: organ gun
trans_list: рибадекин
sense:
(firearm, historical) A large, portable firearm normally supported by wheels, in which bullets may be fired from a row of several tubes in succession; it was chiefly used from the 14th to the 17th century.


lexentry: eng/organ_loft__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: organ loft
trans_list: органные хоры
sense:
The gallery or raised platform within a church or hall from which an organ is played, though not necessarily housing the organ itself.


lexentry: eng/organelle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: organelle
trans_list: органе́лла | органо́ид
sense:
(cytology) A specialized structure found inside cells that carries out a specific life process (e.g. ribosomes, vacuoles).


lexentry: eng/organic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: organic
trans_list: натура́льный | органи́ческий
sense:
(agriculture) Of food or food products, grown in an environment free from artificial agrichemicals, and possibly certified by a regulatory body. [from 1942]


lexentry: eng/organic_chemistry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: organic chemistry
trans_list: органи́ческая хи́мия | органическая химия
sense:
(chemistry) The chemistry of organic compounds (that is, chemical compounds with carbon atoms in a covalent bond).


lexentry: eng/organic_growth__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: organic growth
trans_list: органи́ческий ро́ст
sense:
(business) The business expansion through increasing output and sales as opposed to mergers, acquisitions and takeovers.


lexentry: eng/organism__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: organism
trans_list: органи́зм | организм
sense:
Something with many separate interdependent parts, seen as being like a living thing; an organic system. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/organize__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: organize
trans_list: организо́вывать | организова́ть
sense:
(transitive) To constitute in parts, each having a special function, act, office, or relation; to systematize.


lexentry: eng/organized_crime__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: organized crime
trans_list: организо́ванная престу́пность
sense:
A large criminal organization, or a group of such organizations, that deals in illegal goods and services.


lexentry: eng/organizer__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: organizer
trans_list: органа́йзер
sense:
(computing) A hand-held micro-computer that will perform specific tasks; can be used as an electronic diary, alarm clock, recorder of memos and notes, a portable database etc.


lexentry: eng/orgasm__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: orgasm
trans_list: орга́зм | оргазм
sense:
A rush of sexual excitement; now specifically, the climax or peak of sexual pleasure, which occurs during sexual activity and which in males may include ejaculation and in females vaginal contractions. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/oriel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: oriel
trans_list: выступ
sense:
(architecture) A large polygonal recess in a building, such as a bay window, forming a protrusion on the outer wall.


lexentry: eng/orient__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: orient
trans_list: ориенти́ровать | сориенти́ровать
sense:
(transitive, by extension) To align or place (a person or object) so that his, her, or its east side, north side, etc., is positioned toward the corresponding points of the compass; (specifically, surveying) to rotate (a map attached to a plane table) until the line of direction between any two of its points is parallel to the corresponding direction in nature.


lexentry: eng/orient__Verb__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: orient
trans_list: ориенти́роваться | сориенти́роваться
sense:
(transitive, often, reflexive, figuratively) To familiarize (oneself or someone) with a circumstance or situation.


lexentry: eng/orient__Verb__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: orient
trans_list: ориенти́ровать | сориенти́ровать
sense:
(transitive, figuratively) To set the focus of (something) so as to appeal or relate to a certain group.


lexentry: eng/orientalism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: orientalism
trans_list: ориентали́зм
sense:
(arts, architecture, literature) The tendency to represent eastern subjects, to assume stylistical characteristics original of the East.


lexentry: eng/orientation__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: orientation
trans_list: размеще́ние | устано́вка
sense:
(uncountable) The construction of a Christian church to have its aisle in an east-west direction with the altar at the east end.


lexentry: eng/orientation__Noun__1
sense_num: 10
written_rep: orientation
trans_list: ориента́ция
sense:
(analysis, differential geometry, countable) The choice of which ordered bases are "positively" oriented and which are "negatively" oriented on a real vector space.


lexentry: eng/orientation__Noun__1
sense_num: 11
written_rep: orientation
trans_list: ориента́ция
sense:
(analytic geometry, topology, countable) The designation of a parametrised curve as "positively" or "negatively" oriented; the analogous description of a surface or hypersurface.


lexentry: eng/original__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: original
trans_list: исхо́дный текст | оригина́л | первоисто́чник
sense:
An object or other creation (e.g. narrative work) from which all later copies and variations are derived.


lexentry: eng/original_sin__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: original sin
trans_list: перворо́дный грех
sense:
(Christianity) The state of sinfulness, present in each human from birth, which is a result of Adam's disobedience.


lexentry: eng/originate__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: originate
trans_list: породи́ть | порожда́ть | созда́ть | создава́ть
sense:
(transitive) To cause (someone or something) to be; to bring (someone or something) into existence; to produce or initiate a person or thing. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/originate__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: originate
trans_list: возни́кнуть | возника́ть | породи́ть | порожда́ть | произойти́ | происходи́ть
sense:
(intransitive) To come into existence; to have origin or beginning; to spring, be derived (from, with). [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/oriole__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: oriole
trans_list: и́волга
sense:
Any of various colourful passerine birds, the New World orioles from the family Icteridae and the Old World orioles from the family Oriolidae.


lexentry: eng/orisha__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: orisha
trans_list: ориша
sense:
A divine entity in Yoruba religion that possesses the supernatural capability of reflecting some of the manifestations of Olódùmarè


lexentry: eng/ornament__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: ornament
trans_list: музыка́льное украше́ние | музыка́льный орна́мент
sense:
(music) A musical flourish that is unnecessary to the overall melodic or harmonic line, but serves to decorate that line.


lexentry: eng/orotic_acid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: orotic acid
trans_list: оротовая кислота
sense:
(biochemistry) A crystalline acid which was discovered in milk and is a growth factor for various microorganisms (as Lactobacillus bulgaricus) and an intermediate in pyrimidine biosynthesis; uracil-6-carboxylic acid, C5H4N2O4.


lexentry: eng/orpiment__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: orpiment
trans_list: аурипигме́нт
sense:
Arsenic trisulphide, occurring naturally in crystals or massive deposits, formerly used as a dye or pigment.


lexentry: eng/orthoclase__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: orthoclase
trans_list: ортоклаз
sense:
(mineral) Potassium aluminum silicate, KAlSi3O8, a common feldspar of igneous, plutonic, and metamorphic rocks. Orthoclase is the main feldspar of pegmatite occurrences, where it is most commonly flesh-colored. Orthoclase is used in the ceramic and glass industries and as a decorative gravel.


lexentry: eng/orthodox__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: orthodox
trans_list: правове́рный | ортодокса́льный
sense:
Conforming to the accepted, established, or traditional doctrines of a given faith, religion, or ideology. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/orthodoxy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: orthodoxy
trans_list: ортодокса́льность | правосла́вие
sense:
Correctness of doctrine and belief in regard to any doctrinal (i.e. philosophical or theological) system.


lexentry: eng/orthogenesis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: orthogenesis
trans_list: ortogeneză
sense:
(evolutionary theory, historical) The hypothesis that evolution tends toward a certain goal, at least at some scales.


lexentry: eng/orthogonal__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: orthogonal
trans_list: ортогона́льный | прямоуго́льный
sense:
Of a pair of elements in an ortholattice: each less than or equal to the orthocomplement of the other.


lexentry: eng/orthographically__Adverb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: orthographically
trans_list: орфографически
sense:
(drafting, engineering, manufacturing) Using an orthographic projection (a way of showing three-dimensional objects in two-dimensional engineering drawings).


lexentry: eng/orthography__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: orthography
trans_list: орфогра́фия
sense:
(countable) A method of representing a language or the sounds of language by written symbols; spelling.


lexentry: eng/orthography__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: orthography
trans_list: орфогра́фия | правописа́ние | спе́ллинг
sense:
(uncountable) Correct spelling according to established usage; also (obsolete) pronunciation according to the spelling of a word.


lexentry: eng/orthography__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: orthography
trans_list: орфогра́фия | правописа́ние | спе́ллинг
sense:
(uncountable) The aspect of language study concerned with letters and their sequences in words; the study of spelling.


lexentry: eng/orthopedics__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: orthopedics
trans_list: ортопе́дия
sense:
(medicine) The branch of medicine that deals with the prevention or correction of disorders of the bones and associated muscles and joints


lexentry: eng/oscar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: oscar
trans_list: глазча́тый астроно́тус
sense:
A cichlid fish of species Astronotus ocellatus, native to South America, sometimes kept in aquariums.


lexentry: eng/oscilloscope__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: oscilloscope
trans_list: осцилло́граф | осциллограф
sense:
An electronic measuring instrument that creates a visible two-dimensional graph, on a screen, of one or more continuously varying voltages or currents.


lexentry: eng/osmium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: osmium
trans_list: о́смий | осмий
sense:
A chemical element (symbol Os) with atomic number 76: a hard, brittle, heavy, bluish-white transition metal found as a trace element in alloys, mostly in platinum ores.


lexentry: eng/osmosis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: osmosis
trans_list: о́смос | осмос
sense:
(chemistry) The net movement of solvent molecules, usually water, from a region of lower solute concentration to a region of higher solute concentration through a partially permeable membrane.


lexentry: eng/osmotic_pressure__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: osmotic pressure
trans_list: осмоти́ческое давле́ние
sense:
(physical chemistry) The hydrostatic pressure exerted by a solution across a semipermeable membrane from a pure solvent; the pressure needed to counteract osmosis.


lexentry: eng/osprey__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: osprey
trans_list: скопа́ | скопа
sense:
A bird of prey of genus Pandion that feeds on fish and has white underparts and long, narrow wings each ending in four finger-like extensions.


lexentry: eng/osseous_tissue__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: osseous tissue
trans_list: ко́стная ткань
sense:
(anatomy) The major structural and supportive connective tissue of the body which forms the rigid part of the bone organs that make up the skeletal system.


lexentry: eng/ossify__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ossify
trans_list: костенеть | превраща́ть в кость | превраща́ться в кость
sense:
(ambitransitive) To transform (or cause to transform) from a softer animal substance into bone; particularly the processes of growth in humans and animals.


lexentry: eng/ossify__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: ossify
trans_list: грубеть | де́лать бесчувственным | ожесточать | черстветь
sense:
(ambitransitive, animate) To become (or cause to become) inflexible and rigid in habits or opinions.


lexentry: eng/osso_buco__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: osso buco
trans_list: о̀ссобу́ко
sense:
A northern Italian dish of veal shanks and marrowbones braised in white wine, tomatoes, etc., often served with risotto.


lexentry: eng/ostensible__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: ostensible
trans_list: формальный
sense:
Appearing as such; being such in appearance; professed, supposed (rather than demonstrably true or real).


lexentry: eng/ostensibly__Adverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ostensibly
trans_list: вроде как | я́кобы
sense:
(modal) Seemingly, apparently, on the surface; supposedly, according to representations or implications made by someone (especially when their motives are suspected by others).


lexentry: eng/osteoarthritis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: osteoarthritis
trans_list: остеоартри́т
sense:
(medicine) A form of arthritis, affecting mainly older people, caused by chronic degeneration of the cartilage and synovial membrane of the joints, leading to pain and stiffness.


lexentry: eng/osteochondrosis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: osteochondrosis
trans_list: остеохондро́з
sense:
(pathology) A family of orthopedic diseases of the joint that occur in children and in rapidly growing animals, characterized by interruption of the blood supply of a bone, necrosis, and regrowth.


lexentry: eng/osteomalacia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: osteomalacia
trans_list: остеомаляция
sense:
(medicine) A softening of adult bones due to inadequate mineralization; the adult equivalent of rickets


lexentry: eng/osteoporosis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: osteoporosis
trans_list: остеопоро́з | остеопороз
sense:
(pathology) A disease, occurring especially in women following menopause, in which the bones become extremely porous and are subject to fracture.


lexentry: eng/osteotomy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: osteotomy
trans_list: остеотоми́я
sense:
(surgery) The surgical procedure of cutting a bone. This is often performed to either lengthen, shorten, or straighten a bone.


lexentry: eng/ostinato__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ostinato
trans_list: остина́то
sense:
(music) A piece of melody, a chord progression, or a bass figure that is repeated over and over as a musical accompaniment.


lexentry: eng/ostracism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ostracism
trans_list: остраки́зм | остракизм
sense:
(historical) In ancient Athens (and some other cities), the temporary banishment by popular vote of a citizen considered dangerous to the state. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/ostracize__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: ostracize
trans_list: отлуча́ть | отлучи́ть
sense:
(by extension) To exclude a person from a community or from society by not communicating with them or by refusing to acknowledge their presence; to refuse to associate with or talk to; to shun. [from mid 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/otaku__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: otaku
trans_list: ота́ку | отаку
sense:
(fandom) One with an obsessive interest in something, particularly (originally, _, pejorative) obsessive Japanese fans of anime or manga.


lexentry: eng/other_woman__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: other woman
trans_list: [[другой|друга́я]] [[же́нщина]]
sense:
(informal) A woman who is romantically involved with someone (usually a man) already in a committed relationship with another woman, especially a woman having an affair with a married man.


lexentry: eng/others__Noun__2
sense_num: 02
written_rep: others
trans_list: други́е | остальны́е
sense:
Those remaining after one or more people or items have left, or done something else, or been excluded.


lexentry: eng/otherworldly__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: otherworldly
trans_list: потусторо́нний
sense:
Of, concerned with, or preoccupied with a different world than that of the tangible here and now, such as a heavenly, spiritual, or imaginary world.


lexentry: eng/otolith__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: otolith
trans_list: отоли́т
sense:
(zoology) A small particle, comprised mainly of calcium carbonate, found in the inner ear of vertebrates, being part of the balance sense.


lexentry: eng/ottava_rima__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ottava rima
trans_list: окта́ва
sense:
(poetry) An arrangement of stanzas of eight lines in heroic verse, with three rhymes, the first six lines rhyming alternately and the last two forming a couplet (ab ab ab cc).


lexentry: eng/ottoman__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ottoman
trans_list: дива́н | канапе́ | куше́тка | оттома́нка | пуф | софа́
sense:
(furniture) An upholstered sofa, without arms or a back, sometimes with a compartment for storing linen etc.


lexentry: eng/oud__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: oud
trans_list: уд
sense:
(musical instrument) A short-necked and fretless plucked stringed instrument of the lute family, of Arab and Turkish origin.


lexentry: eng/ouroboros__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ouroboros
trans_list: уробо́рос
sense:
(mythological creature) A serpent, dragon or worm that eats its own tail, a representation of the continuous cycle of life and death.


lexentry: eng/ours__Pronoun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: ours
trans_list: наш
sense:
(colloquial, may seem patronising) That or those belonging to an individual being addressed; used especially to a person in the speaker's care, or to whom advice or instruction is being given.


lexentry: eng/ourselves__Pronoun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ourselves
trans_list: себя́
sense:
(reflexive) Us; the group including the speaker as the object of a verb or preposition when that group also is the subject.


lexentry: eng/ourselves__Pronoun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: ourselves
trans_list: са́ми
sense:
(emphatic) Intensifies the subject as the group including the speaker, especially to indicate that no one else satisfies the predicate or needs to be included.


lexentry: eng/out-of-band__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: out-of-band
trans_list: внеполосный
sense:
(telecommunications, by extension) Relating to communication on a different channel, or by a different method, from that of the primary communication channel.


lexentry: eng/out__Adverb__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: out
trans_list: из
sense:
(sports) Of the ball or other playing implement, so as to pass or be situated beyond the bounds of the playing area.


lexentry: eng/out__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: out
trans_list: а́ут | удале́ние
sense:
(baseball) A state in which a member of the batting team is removed from play due to the application of various rules of the game such as striking out, hitting a fly ball which is caught by the fielding team before bouncing, etc.


lexentry: eng/out_of_one's_league__Prepositional_phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: out of one's league
trans_list: далеко | не по зуба́м | не по плечу́
sense:
(idiomatic) In a situation in which one is mismatched with one or more others whose accomplishments, preparedness, or other characteristics are on a significantly higher or lower level than one's own.


lexentry: eng/out_of_print__Prepositional_phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: out of print
trans_list: вышедший из печати
sense:
(publishing, music industry) Not available from the publisher (of a printed work, especially a book, or a music release).


lexentry: eng/out_of_the_frying_pan,_into_the_fire__Prepositional_phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: out of the frying pan, into the fire
trans_list: из огня́ да в по́лымя | от во́лка бежа́л, да на медве́дя попа́л
sense:
(idiomatic) Move or get from an already bad situation to a worse one; end up in a worse situation when trying to escape from a bad or difficult one.


lexentry: eng/out_of_the_woods__Prepositional_phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: out of the woods
trans_list: вне [[опасность|опа́сности]]
sense:
(idiom) Out of peril; likely to recover or prevail over trouble; finished with the worst or most threatening part of a problem or illness.


lexentry: eng/out_on_one's_ear__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: out on one's ear
trans_list: выделить
sense:
(informal) Fired, dismissed or thrown out, especially for some wrongdoing or otherwise with disgrace.


lexentry: eng/outback__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: outback
trans_list: австрали́йская глуби́нка | аутбэк | глуби́нка | малонаселённая ме́стность
sense:
(Australia) The most remote and desolate areas of Australia; the desert and areas too arid for growing crops.


lexentry: eng/outboard_motor__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: outboard motor
trans_list: лодочный мотор
sense:
A detachable and pivotable propulsion unit fitted over the transom of a boat, comprising an engine that drives a propeller.


lexentry: eng/outbuilding__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: outbuilding
trans_list: пристро́йка | фли́гель
sense:
A building, such as a barn, shed, or garage, that is separate from, but associated with some main building.


lexentry: eng/outer_ear__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: outer ear
trans_list: нару́жное у́хо
sense:
(anatomy) The outer portion of the ear which includes the auricle/pinna and the ear canal and leads to the eardrum.


lexentry: eng/outgrow__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: outgrow
trans_list: обгонять
sense:
(transitive, often, figurative) To become too big in size or too mature in age or outlook to continue to want, need, use, experience, or accept some object, practice, condition, belief, etc.


lexentry: eng/outing__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: outing
trans_list: а́утинг | аутинг
sense:
The act of publicly revealing that a person is homosexual or transgender without that person's consent.


lexentry: eng/outlaw__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: outlaw
trans_list: изгна́нник | изгна́нница | изго́й | отве́рженный | отверженный
sense:
(history) A criminal who is excluded from normal legal rights; one who can be killed at will without legal penalty.


lexentry: eng/outlier__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: outlier
trans_list: вы́брос
sense:
(statistics) A value in a statistical sample which does not fit a pattern that describes most other data points; specifically, a value that lies 1.5 IQR beyond the upper or lower quartile.


lexentry: eng/outnumber__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
sense: (transitive, stative) To be more in number than somebody or something.
written_rep: outnumber
trans_list:
превосходи́ть количеством | превосходи́ть численно | превосходи́ть численностью | численно превыша́ть


lexentry: eng/outpatient__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: outpatient
trans_list: амбулато́рный больно́й | амбулато́рный пацие́нт
sense:
(healthcare) A patient who receives treatment at a hospital or clinic but is not admitted overnight; a receiver of ambulatory care.


lexentry: eng/outpope_the_Pope__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: outpope the Pope
trans_list: быть святее Папы римского
sense:
(idiomatic) To act as a more authentic member of a group than one who is actually a member of the group.


lexentry: eng/outport__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: outport
trans_list: аванпорт
sense:
A port city or harbor which is secondary to a main port; it may be a distant one or a nearby auxiliary one.


lexentry: eng/output__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: output
trans_list: вы́вод
sense:
(computing) Data sent out of the computer, as to output device such as a monitor or printer, or data sent from one program on the computer to another.


lexentry: eng/outrage__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
sense: An offensive, immoral or indecent act.
written_rep: outrage
trans_list:
акт произво́ла | безобра́зие | беспреде́л | возмути́тельный посту́пок | гру́бое наруше́ние | произво́л


lexentry: eng/outrigger__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: outrigger
trans_list: аутригер
sense:
(nautical) A long thin timber, pontoon, or other float attached parallel to a canoe or boat by projecting struts as a means of preventing tipping or capsizing.


lexentry: eng/outside__Adverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: outside
trans_list: снару́жи | нару́жу
sense:
To or in the outdoors or outside; to or in an area that is beyond the scope, limits, or borders of a given place.


lexentry: eng/ovary__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ovary
trans_list: яи́чник | за́вязь | яичник
sense:
(anatomy) A female reproductive organ, often paired, that produces ova in most animals, and in mammals, secretes the hormones estrogen and progesterone.


lexentry: eng/over-the-counter__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: over-the-counter
trans_list: безрецепту́рный | рецепт
sense:
(pharmacology, of medicine and other treatments) Legal for sale or distribution without the requirement of a prescription.


lexentry: eng/over__Adverb__1
sense_num: 10
written_rep: over
trans_list: на ночь
sense:
See also individual entries for phrasal verbs: go over, hand over, run over, take over, win over, etc.


lexentry: eng/over__Interjection__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: over
trans_list: приём
sense:
(procedure word, military) A radio procedure word meaning that the station is finished with its transmission and is expecting a response.


lexentry: eng/over__Preposition__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: over
trans_list: че́рез | [[бо́лее]] чем | сверх
sense:
In a position of having overcome (a problem or issue); past; finished with; from one state to another via a hindrance that must be solved or defeated; or via a third state that represents a significant difference from the first two.


lexentry: eng/over_a_barrel__Prepositional_phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: over a barrel
trans_list: [[заста́ть]] [[кто-либо|кого́-ли́бо]] [[враспло́х]]
sense:
(idiomatic) In a disadvantageous or helpless situation, especially one in which one may be controlled or victimized.


lexentry: eng/over_and_out__Interjection__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: over and out
trans_list: коне́ц связи | отбо́й
sense:
(procedure word, idiomatic) Used in films and TV to signal the end of a conversation, especially one conducted by CB radio or the like.


lexentry: eng/overage__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: overage
trans_list: излишек
sense:
A surplus of inventory or capacity or of cash that is greater than the amount in the record of an account.


lexentry: eng/overage__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: overage
trans_list: избыток
sense:
(property law) Any additional sums payable following the purchase of land, calculated on a prearranged basis, on the occurrence of certain specified events that are deemed to increase the value of that land; usually in the context of the development and further sale of that land.


lexentry: eng/overall__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: overall
trans_list: комбинезо́н
sense:
(British) A garment worn over other clothing to protect it; a coverall or boiler suit. A garment, for manual labor or for casual wear, often made of a single piece of fabric, with long legs and a bib upper, supported from the shoulders with straps, and having several large pockets and loops for carrying tools.


lexentry: eng/overalls__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: overalls
trans_list: полукомбинезо́н
sense:
(US, Canada, Australia) Loose-fitting pants with supporting cross-straps and a panel of material in the chest (called a bib), often associated with farm work.


lexentry: eng/overcharge__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: overcharge
trans_list: [[назнача́ть]] [[завышенный|завы́шенную]] [[цена|це́ну]]
sense:
(ambitransitive) To charge (somebody) more money than the correct amount or to surpass a certain limit while charging a bill.


lexentry: eng/overdo__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: overdo
trans_list: переборщить | перестараться | переусердствовать
sense:
(transitive) To give (someone or something) too much work; to require too much effort or strength of (someone); to use up too much of (something).


lexentry: eng/overdraw__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: overdraw
trans_list: перерисовка
sense:
(computer graphics) The process by which, during the rendering of a three-dimensional scene, a pixel is replaced by one that is closer to the viewpoint, as determined by their Z coordinates.


lexentry: eng/overground__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: overground
trans_list: городская электричка
sense:
(chiefly, London) A commuter rail or similar rail transport system, or a train in such systems, generally running through an urban area largely above ground and faster than an underground or metro with fewer stops.


lexentry: eng/overgrown__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: overgrown
trans_list: зарастать
sense:
Having large numbers of plants which have become too big, and are hence spoiling the picturesqueness of a garden.


lexentry: eng/overhand_knot__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: overhand knot
trans_list: простой узел
sense:
A particular very simple knot, used e.g. to prevent the end of a rope from unraveling, and as part of other knots.


lexentry: eng/overhang_seat__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: overhang seat
trans_list: место свисания
sense:
(politics) A legislative seat distribution, used to guarantee that a party gets their fair share of seats, when a party is entitled to fewer seats as a result of party votes than it has won constituencies. Additional seats granted to that party would be overhang seats.


lexentry: eng/overhead__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: overhead
trans_list: накладны́е расхо́ды
sense:
(uncountable, business, accounting) The expense of a business not directly assigned to goods or services provided.


lexentry: eng/overhead_press__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: overhead press
trans_list: арме́йский жим | жим за го́лову | жим из-за головы́ | жим пе́ред собо́й
sense:
(weightlifting) An exercise in which weight is lifted with the arms, which are straightened vertically over one's head.


lexentry: eng/overindulgence__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: overindulgence
trans_list: баловство́ | злоупотребле́ние
sense:
An act of overindulging; indulgence in too much; pleasure or consumption taken in excess of what is satisfying or necessary.


lexentry: eng/overleaf__Adverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: overleaf
trans_list: вирши
sense:
On the other side of a sheet of paper (including a leaf of a book); thus, on the next page when flipping from a recto to the sequential verso.


lexentry: eng/overlook__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: overlook
trans_list: игнори́ровать | проща́ть | смотре́ть сквозь па́льцы
sense:
To pretend not to have noticed (something, especially a mistake or flaw); to pass over (something) without censure or punishment.


lexentry: eng/overnutrition__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: overnutrition
trans_list: перееда́ние
sense:
A form of malnutrition in which nutrients are oversupplied relative to the amounts required for normal growth, development, and metabolism.


lexentry: eng/overpopulation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: overpopulation
trans_list: перенаселе́ние | перенаселённость
sense:
(biology, demography) An excessive number of occupants (people, animals, plants, etc.) in a particular area; specifically, when the number of occupants exceeds the ability of that area to provide for them.


lexentry: eng/overrated__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: overrated
trans_list: переоценить
sense:
Given an undue amount of credit for quality or merit in a field; not necessarily related to popularity.


lexentry: eng/overstep__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: overstep
trans_list: переступа́ть
sense:
(transitive) To go too far beyond (a limit); especially, to cross boundaries or exceed norms or conventions.


lexentry: eng/overstrain__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: overstrain
trans_list: много требовать
sense:
(ambitransitive) To subject to an excessive demand on strength, resources, abilities, or the imagination.


lexentry: eng/overtime__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: overtime
trans_list: сверхуро́чные
sense:
(uncountable) The rate of pay, usually higher, for work done outside of or in addition to regular hours.


lexentry: eng/overtime__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: overtime
trans_list: дополни́тельное вре́мя | оверта́йм
sense:
(sports, countable, US) An extra period of play when a contest has a tie score at the end of regulation.


lexentry: eng/overtone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: overtone
trans_list: гармо́ника | оберто́н
sense:
(physics, music) A tone whose frequency is an integer multiple of another; a member of the harmonic series. [from 1867]


lexentry: eng/overtone__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: overtone
trans_list: намёк | но́тка | оберто́н | подте́кст | скрытый смысл
sense:
(figuratively, often, in plural) An implicit message (in a film, book, verbal discussion, or similar) perceived as overwhelming the explicit message. [from 1890]


lexentry: eng/overtone__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: overtone
trans_list: намёк | но́тка | оберто́н | подте́кст | скрытый смысл
sense:
An implicit message (in a film, book, verbal discussion, or similar) perceived subtly alongside, but not overwhelming, the explicit message.


lexentry: eng/overture__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: overture
trans_list: инициати́ва | предложе́ние
sense:
(often in plural) An approach or proposal made to initiate communication, establish a relationship etc. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/overture__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: overture
trans_list: увертю́ра | увертюра
sense:
(music) A musical introduction to a longer piece of music or a dramatic work (such as a play, an opera, or a motion picture). [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/overvalued_idea__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: overvalued idea
trans_list: сверхце́нная иде́я
sense:
(psychiatry) A false or exaggerated and sustained belief that is maintained with much less than delusional intensity (i.e., the individual is able to acknowledge the possibility that the ideas may not be true). The belief is accompanied by a strong emotional response, that take priority over all other mental activity.


lexentry: eng/overweight__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: overweight
trans_list: перегру́женный
sense:
(transportation, legal, of a vehicle) Weighing more than what is allowed for safety or legal commerce.


lexentry: eng/oviduct__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: oviduct
trans_list: яйцево́д
sense:
(anatomy, typically used in, _, zoology) A duct through which an ovum passes from an ovary to the uterus or to the exterior.


lexentry: eng/ovine__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ovine
trans_list: ове́чий
sense:
(comparable) Of, being, pertaining to, or resembling a sheep; also, (not comparable) of an animal: from the genus Ovis.


lexentry: eng/ovoo__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ovoo
trans_list: обо́ | обо́о́ | ово́о́
sense:
(religion) A shamanistic cairn found in Mongolia, usually made from rocks or wood and found on or around mountains.


lexentry: eng/ovule__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ovule
trans_list: семязача́ток | семяпо́чка | яйцекле́тка
sense:
(botany) The structure in a plant that develops into a seed after fertilization; the megasporangium of a seed plant with its enclosing integuments.


lexentry: eng/owe__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: owe
trans_list: быть [[должен|до́лжным]] | быть [[обязанный|обя́занным]] | быть в [[долг|долгу́]]
sense:
(ditransitive) To be under an obligation to give something back to someone or to perform some action for someone.


lexentry: eng/owe_it_to_oneself__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: owe it to oneself
trans_list: зарабатывать
sense:
For it to be necessary for one (to do something) in order to advance one's one interests; to deserve.


lexentry: eng/owl__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: owl
trans_list: сыч | сова | сова́ | фи́лин
sense:
Any of various birds of prey of the order Strigiformes, families Strigidae and Tytonidae, that are primarily nocturnal and have forward-looking, binocular vision, limited eye movement, and good hearing. [from 8th c.]


lexentry: eng/own__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: own
trans_list: свой | со́бственный | собственный
sense:
Belonging to; possessed; acquired; proper to; property of; titled to; held in one's name; under/using the name of. Often marks a possessive determiner as reflexive, referring back to the subject of the clause or sentence.


lexentry: eng/own__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: own
trans_list: владе́ть | име́ть | облада́ть
sense:
(transitive) To have rightful possession of (property, goods or capital); to have legal title to; to acquire a property or asset.


lexentry: eng/own_goal__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: own goal
trans_list: автого́л | гол в [[свой|свои́]] [[воро́та]]
sense:
(sports) A goal that results from a player putting the ball or puck into the goal of their own team; the resulting goal being scored for the opposition.


lexentry: eng/oxalic_acid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: oxalic acid
trans_list: щаве́левая кислота́ | щавелевая кислота
sense:
(carboxylic acid) A colourless, crystalline dicarboxylic acid, (COOH)2, found in rhubarb, spinach and other plants, often as crystals of the calcium salt.


lexentry: eng/oxbow_lake__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: oxbow lake
trans_list: старица
sense:
A crescent-shaped lake formed near a flat-valleyed river when one of its meanders becomes pinched off and isolated.


lexentry: eng/oxidation__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: oxidation
trans_list: окисле́ние | оксида́ция
sense:
(chemistry) A reaction in which the atoms of an element lose electrons and the oxidation state of the element increases.


lexentry: eng/oxidizing_agent__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: oxidizing agent
trans_list: окислитель
sense:
(chemistry) Any substance that oxidizes, or receives electrons from, another; in so doing, it becomes reduced.


lexentry: eng/oximeter__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: oximeter
trans_list: окси́метр | оксигемо́метр
sense:
(medicine, specifically) A device that measures the oxygen saturation of arterial blood. [from 1942]


lexentry: eng/oxlip__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: oxlip
trans_list: первоцве́т высо́кий | при́мула высо́кая
sense:
A plant of species Primula elatior, similar to cowslip (Primula veris) but with larger, pale yellow flowers.


lexentry: eng/oxpecker__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: oxpecker
trans_list: бу́йволовый скворе́ц | волоклю́й
sense:
Either of two species of passerine bird in the genus Buphagus, endemic to the sub-Saharan African savanna.


lexentry: eng/oxtail__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: oxtail
trans_list: воло́вий хвост
sense:
A cut of meat taken from the tail of a cow or calf; it requires long, slow braising, and is used to prepare oxtail soup.


lexentry: eng/oxygen__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: oxygen
trans_list: кислород | кислоро́д
sense:
The chemical element (symbol O) with an atomic number of 8 and relative atomic mass of 15.9994. It is a colorless and odorless gas.


lexentry: eng/oxygen_tent__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: oxygen tent
trans_list: кислоро́дная пала́тка
sense:
(medicine) A canopy for the head and shoulders, or a similar enclosure for the whole body, within which air having a higher than normal supply of oxygen can be administered to a patient.


lexentry: eng/oxymoron__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: oxymoron
trans_list: окси́морон | оксю́морон
sense:
(rhetoric) A figure of speech in which two words or phrases with opposing meanings are used together intentionally for effect.


lexentry: eng/oxytocin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: oxytocin
trans_list: окситоцин
sense:
(hormone) A hormone that stimulates contractions during labor, and then the production of milk; also plays a role in social bonding.


lexentry: eng/oyster__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: oyster
trans_list: у́стрица | устрица
sense:
Any of certain marine bivalve mollusks, especially those of the family Ostreidae (the true oysters), usually found adhering to rocks or other fixed objects in shallow water along the seacoasts, or in brackish water in the mouth of rivers.


lexentry: eng/oyster__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: oyster
trans_list: у́стрица | устрица
sense:
The delicate oyster-shaped morsel of dark meat contained in a small cavity of the bone on each side of the lower part of the back of a fowl.


lexentry: eng/oyster_mushroom__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: oyster mushroom
trans_list: вёшенка | вёшенка обыкновенная
sense:
(US) The mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus, which in the wild grows chiefly on hardwood trees, and is cultivated for food.


lexentry: eng/oyster_plant__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: oyster plant
trans_list: подборо́док
sense:
Tragopogon porrifolius (common salsify, vegetable oyster, purple salsify, Jerusalem star), cultivated for its light-skinned edible root


lexentry: eng/oystercatcher__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: oystercatcher
trans_list: кули́к-соро́ка | кулик-сорока
sense:
Any of several black or pied coastal wading birds in the genus Haematopus that have a long red or orange bill and feed on shellfish.


lexentry: eng/ozone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ozone
trans_list: озо́н | озон
sense:
(inorganic chemistry) An allotrope of oxygen (symbol O₃) having three atoms in the molecule instead of the usual two; it is a toxic gas, generated from oxygen by electrical discharge.


lexentry: eng/ozone_hole__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ozone hole
trans_list: озоновая дыра
sense:
A region of the stratosphere over Antarctica (and a smaller one over the Arctic) that is depleted of ozone in the local spring.


lexentry: eng/ozone_layer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ozone layer
trans_list: озо́новый слой
sense:
A region of the stratosphere, between 15 and 30 kilometres in altitude, containing a relatively high concentration of ozone, which absorbs most solar ultraviolet radiation.


lexentry: eng/ozonosphere__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ozonosphere
trans_list: озоносфе́ра
sense:
A layer in part of the stratosphere that has a larger than normal concentration of ozone; the ozone layer.


lexentry: eng/p.m.__Adverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: p.m.
trans_list: ве́чера | дня | по́сле полу́дня | пополу́дни
sense:
(used after the hour) In the 12-hour period from noon to midnight (the latter half of the day) when using the 12-hour clock.


lexentry: eng/paca__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paca
trans_list: пака
sense:
Any of the large rodents of the genus Cuniculus (but see also its synonyms), native to Central America and South America, which have dark brown or black fur, a white or yellowish underbelly and rows of white spots along the sides.


lexentry: eng/pacarana__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pacarana
trans_list: пакарана
sense:
A large, rare, slow-moving rodent, Dinomys branickii, with a thick, furry tail, native to South America, the second-largest rodent after the capybara.


lexentry: eng/pace__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pace
trans_list: шаг
sense:
The distance covered in a step (or sometimes two), either vaguely or according to various specific set measurements. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/pace__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pace
trans_list: по́ступь | похо́дка | шаг
sense:
A manner of walking, running or dancing; the rate or style of how someone moves with their feet. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/pace__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: pace
trans_list: аллю́р | и́ноходь
sense:
(cricket) A measure of the hardness of a pitch and of the tendency of a cricket ball to maintain its speed after bouncing. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/pace_egg__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pace egg
trans_list: пасхальное яйцо
sense:
A hard-boiled coloured egg traditionally made at Easter, often given to relatives and friends as a token of goodwill. It was traditional to jarp with the eggs before eating them.


lexentry: eng/pacemaker__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pacemaker
trans_list: ЭКС | кардиостимуля́тор | электрокардиостимуля́тор
sense:
(hence, medicine) A medical implement that is used to stimulate a heart to beat by simulating the action of the natural pacemaker.


lexentry: eng/pacifier__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pacifier
trans_list: пусты́шка | со́ска | со́ска-пусты́шка
sense:
(North America) A rubber or plastic device imitating a nipple that goes into a baby’s mouth, used to calm and quiet the baby. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/pacifism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pacifism
trans_list: пацифи́зм | пацифизм
sense:
The conviction that it is morally wrong to settle disputes (especially between countries) by war or other violent means. [from c. 1900]


lexentry: eng/pack__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pack
trans_list: па́чка | паке́т | свя́зка | упако́вка
sense:
A bundle made up and prepared to be carried; especially, a bundle to be carried on the back, but also a load for an animal, a bale.


lexentry: eng/pack__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pack
trans_list: пакова́ть | упако́вывать | упакова́ть
sense:
(physical) To put or bring things together in a limited or confined space, especially for storage or transport.


lexentry: eng/pack__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pack
trans_list: запако́вывать | запакова́ть | упако́вывать | упакова́ть
sense:
(transitive) To make a pack of; to arrange closely and securely in a pack; hence, to place and arrange compactly as in a pack


lexentry: eng/package__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: package
trans_list: паке́т
sense:
(software) A piece of software which has been prepared in such a way that it can be installed with a package manager.


lexentry: eng/packed_lunch__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: packed lunch
trans_list: бэнто́ | сухо́й паёк
sense:
A meal, sandwiches or anything packed and intended to be eaten away from home; especially, one packed at home as opposed to a portable packaged lunch from a vendor.


lexentry: eng/packet__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: packet
trans_list: паке́т | пакет
sense:
(networking) A small fragment of data as transmitted on some types of network, notably Ethernet networks (Wikipedia).


lexentry: eng/packshot__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: packshot
trans_list: пэкшо́т
sense:
(advertising) A still or moving close-up of a (usually packaged) product, used to portray the product in advertising.


lexentry: eng/paddle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paddle
trans_list: весло́ | затво́р
sense:
A two-handed implement consisting of a shaft with one or two blades attached to the end(s) used to propel a canoe, kayak or a small boat. A paddle is unattached to the boat and freely operated with the hands, compared with an oar which is attached to the boat at a pivot point.


lexentry: eng/paddle_wheel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paddle wheel
trans_list: гребно́е колесо́
sense:
(nautical) A large wheel, fitted with paddles, used to propel a vessel (especially a paddle steamer)


lexentry: eng/paddlefish__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paddlefish
trans_list: веслоно́с
sense:
Any of several primitive fish, of the family Polyodontidae, that have a long snout shaped like a paddle.


lexentry: eng/paddock__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paddock
trans_list: вы́гон
sense:
(also, figuratively) A small enclosure or field of grassland, especially one used to exercise or graze horses or other animals.


lexentry: eng/paddy__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: paddy
trans_list: [[необру́шенный]] [[ри́с]] | [[рисовый|ри́совое]] [[по́ле]] | ри́с-па́дди | ри́с-сыре́ц
sense:
(countable) A paddy field, a rice paddy; an irrigated or flooded field where rice is grown. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/pagan__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pagan
trans_list: язы́чник | язы́чница | язычник
sense:
A person not adhering to a main world religion; a follower of a pantheistic or nature-worshipping religion.


lexentry: eng/page__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: page
trans_list: страни́ца | страница
sense:
(computing) A screenful of text and possibly other content; especially, the digital simulation of one side of a paper leaf.


lexentry: eng/page__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: page
trans_list: паж
sense:
(historical) A serving boy; a youth attending a person of high degree, especially at courts, often as a position of honor and education.


lexentry: eng/pagination__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pagination
trans_list: пагина́ция
sense:
The act of creating pages for a document, book, etc., or determining when to truncate text on the pages.


lexentry: eng/pagoda__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pagoda
trans_list: па́года | пагода
sense:
A religious building in South and Southeast Asia, especially a multi-storey tower erected as a Hindu or Buddhist temple. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/pain__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pain
trans_list: боль
sense:
(countable, and, uncountable) An ache or bodily suffering, or an instance of this; an unpleasant sensation, resulting from a derangement of functions, disease, or injury by violence; hurt.


lexentry: eng/pain__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pain
trans_list: боль | му́ка | страда́ние
sense:
(uncountable) The condition or fact of suffering or anguish especially mental, as opposed to pleasure; torment; distress


lexentry: eng/pain__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pain
trans_list: [[причини́ть]] боль | [[причиня́ть]] боль
sense:
(transitive) To hurt; to put to bodily uneasiness or anguish; to afflict with uneasy sensations of any degree of intensity; to torment; to torture.


lexentry: eng/paint__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: paint
trans_list: кра́ски
sense:
(in the plural) A set of containers or blocks of paint of different colors/colours, used for painting pictures.


lexentry: eng/painted_snipe__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: painted snipe
trans_list: цветно́й бека́с
sense:
Any of three species of snipe-like birds in the family Rostratulidae, found in wetlands and characterised by reversed sexual dimorphism (female larger than male).


lexentry: eng/painter's_tape__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: painter's tape
trans_list: малярная лента
sense:
masking tape specifically intended to protect areas from paint, having a weaker adhesive than regular masking tape


lexentry: eng/painter__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: painter
trans_list: фали́нь
sense:
(obsolete) A chain or rope used to attach the shank of an anchor to the side of a ship when not in use. [14th–17th c.]


lexentry: eng/painter__Noun__2
sense_num: 02
written_rep: painter
trans_list: фали́нь
sense:
(nautical) A rope that is attached to the bow of a dinghy, or other small boat, and used for tying up or towing. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/painting_by_numbers__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: painting by numbers
trans_list: жи́вопись по номерам
sense:
A recreation in which a board containing a picture to be painted is made up of numbered areas, each number corresponding to a color of paint to be applied.


lexentry: eng/pair__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: pair
trans_list: пара
sense:
(cards) A poker hand that contains two cards of identical rank, which cannot also count as a better hand.


lexentry: eng/pair__Noun__1
sense_num: 15
written_rep: pair
trans_list: па́ра
sense:
(kinematics) In a mechanism, two elements, or bodies, which are so applied to each other as to mutually constrain relative motion; named in accordance with the motion it permits, as in turning pair, sliding pair, twisting pair.


lexentry: eng/pair_of_compasses__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pair of compasses
trans_list: ци́ркуль
sense:
A tool for drawing accurate circles or circular arcs, or for measuring or transferring lengths, usually consisting of two arms joined with an adjustable hinge at one end; until the middle ages both arms always had metal points at their free ends (this version is now called a divider or pair of dividers), but in recent centuries for a device called a compass or pair of compasses, one arm typically holds a ruling pen, pencil, or some other implement for making marks.


lexentry: eng/pajamas__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pajamas
trans_list: пижа́ма
sense:
Clothes for wearing to bed and sleeping in, usually consisting of a loose-fitting shirt and pants/trousers.


lexentry: eng/palanquin__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: palanquin
trans_list: паланки́н
sense:
(loosely) Synonym of litter, any similar vehicle open or closed, human or animal-borne, particularly (historical) in colonial Asian contexts.


lexentry: eng/palatalization__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: palatalization
trans_list: палатализа́ция | смягче́ние
sense:
(phonology, uncountable) The state or quality of being palatalized, of pronouncing a sound with the tongue against the palate of the mouth that normally is not.


lexentry: eng/palatalize__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: palatalize
trans_list: палатализова́ть | палатализи́ровать
sense:
(phonetics, transitive) To pronounce a sound with the tongue against the palate of the mouth when that sound normally would not be so pronounced.


lexentry: eng/palate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: palate
trans_list: нёбо
sense:
(anatomy) The roof of the mouth, separating the cavities of the mouth and nose in vertebrates. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/palate__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: palate
trans_list: вкус
sense:
(figuratively) A person's ability to distinguish between and appreciate different flavors. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/palatine_bone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: palatine bone
trans_list: нёбная кость
sense:
(skeleton) Either of a pair of bones that are situated behind and between the maxillae, in humans are of extremely irregular form, and make up parts of the eye socket, the nasal cavity, and the hard palate.


lexentry: eng/palaver__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: palaver
trans_list: пра́здная болтовня́ | пу́стая болтовня́
sense:
(North America, archaic, _, in Britain) Talk, especially unnecessary talk; chatter. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]


lexentry: eng/pale_clouded_yellow__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pale clouded yellow
trans_list: желту́шка лугова́я | желту́шка обыкнове́нная
sense:
A small butterfly (Colias hyale) of the family Pieridae found in most of Europe and large parts of Asia.


lexentry: eng/paleface__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paleface
trans_list: бледноли́цый
sense:
(ethnic slur, offensive, derogatory) A white person, a person of European descent, particularly in Native American contexts.


lexentry: eng/paleobotany__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paleobotany
trans_list: палеоботаника
sense:
The branch of paleontology that deals with the study of plant fossils. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]


lexentry: eng/paleontology__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paleontology
trans_list: палеонтоло́гия | палеонтология
sense:
(American spelling) Study of the forms of life existing in prehistoric or geologic times, especially as represented by fossils.


lexentry: eng/paleozoology__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paleozoology
trans_list: палеозоология
sense:
(zoology) The branch of zoology dealing with fossils, and the creatures that were transformed into them


lexentry: eng/palette_knife__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: palette knife
trans_list: мастихи́н
sense:
In painting, a small, edge-less, more or less flexible steel blade used to mix paint on a palette and sometimes to apply paint to a surface.


lexentry: eng/palfrey__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: palfrey
trans_list: бахма́т
sense:
(historical) A small horse with a smooth, ambling gait, popular in the Middle Ages with nobles and women for riding (contrasted with a warhorse).


lexentry: eng/palilalia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: palilalia
trans_list: палилалия
sense:
(clinical psychology) A complex tic comprising the repetition or echoing of one's own spoken words, which may sound like stuttering.


lexentry: eng/palimpsest__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: palimpsest
trans_list: палимпсе́ст | палимпсест
sense:
A manuscript or document that has been erased or scraped clean, for reuse of the paper, parchment, vellum, or other medium on which it was written.


lexentry: eng/palindrome__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: palindrome
trans_list: палиндро́м | палиндром
sense:
A word, phrase, number or any other sequence of units which has the property of reading the same forwards as it does backwards, character for character, sometimes disregarding punctuation, capitalization and diacritics.


lexentry: eng/palinode__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: palinode
trans_list: палино́дия
sense:
An ode or other poem in which the author retracts something said in an earlier poem; (loosely) a recantation. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/pallet__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: pallet
trans_list: пале́та | поддо́н
sense:
A portable platform, usually designed to be easily moved by a forklift, on which goods can be stacked, for transport or storage.


lexentry: eng/pallet_jack__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pallet jack
trans_list: гидравлическая тележка
sense:
A manually operated device used to lift and move pallets chiefly within a warehouse; the most basic form of a forklift.


lexentry: eng/palliate__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: palliate
trans_list: приукрашивать
sense:
To cover or disguise the seriousness of (a mistake, offence etc.) by excuses and apologies. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/palliative__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: palliative
trans_list: паллиати́вный
sense:
(medicine) Minimising the progression of a disease and relieving undesirable symptoms for as long as possible, rather than attempting to cure the (usually incurable) disease.


lexentry: eng/palliative_care__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: palliative care
trans_list: паллиати́вная по́мощь
sense:
A specialized area of healthcare that focuses on relieving and preventing the suffering of patients.


lexentry: eng/palm__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: palm
trans_list: длань | ладо́нь | до́лонь | ладонь
sense:
The inner and somewhat concave part of the human hand that extends from the wrist to the bases of the fingers.


lexentry: eng/palm_cockatoo__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: palm cockatoo
trans_list: чёрный какаду́
sense:
Probosciger aterrimus, a large smoky-grey or black parrot of the cockatoo family native to New Guinea and far north Queensland, Australia, with a large black beak and prominent red cheek patches.


lexentry: eng/palm_off__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: palm off
trans_list: всучи́вать | подсо́вывать | сба́гривать | сбыва́ть
sense:
(idiomatic) To sell or dispose of (something) with the intent to deceive; to attempt to pass off a counterfeit or inferior product as genuine.


lexentry: eng/palm_oil__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: palm oil
trans_list: па́льмовое ма́сло | пальмовое масло
sense:
An edible plant oil derived from the mesocarp (reddish pulp) of the fruit of the oil palm (Elaeis guineensis).


lexentry: eng/palm_tree__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: palm tree
trans_list: па́льма | пальма
sense:
A tree of the family Arecaceae usually characterised by having a single stem or trunk, directly from which sprout several leaves or fronds giving a shape like an outstretched hand.


lexentry: eng/palmer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: palmer
trans_list: паломник | пилигрим
sense:
(now, historical) A pilgrim who had been to the Holy Land and who brought back a palm branch in signification; a wandering religious votary.


lexentry: eng/palmitic_acid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: palmitic acid
trans_list: гексадека́новая кислота́ | пальмити́новая кислота́
sense:
(fatty acid) One of the most common saturated fatty acids; it is found in all animal and most vegetable oils and fats; it is used in the manufacture of soap etc.


lexentry: eng/palpate__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: palpate
trans_list: ощупать | ощупывать
sense:
To examine or otherwise explore through touch, particularly (medical) in reference to an area or organ of the human body.


lexentry: eng/palpitation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: palpitation
trans_list: [[сильный|си́льное]] [[сердцебие́ние]] | пальпита́ция
sense:
An abnormal beating of the heart that may be perceived by the patient, a result of excitement, exertion, or illness.


lexentry: eng/palsy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: palsy
trans_list: парали́ч
sense:
(pathology) Complete or partial muscle paralysis of a body part, often accompanied by a loss of feeling and uncontrolled body movements such as shaking.


lexentry: eng/palynology__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: palynology
trans_list: палинология
sense:
(science) The scientific study of spores, pollen and particulate organic matter in various matrices including the air (pollen counts), crime scenes, and sedimentary rocks.


lexentry: eng/pamphlet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pamphlet
trans_list: брошю́ра | памфле́т
sense:
A small, brief printed work, consisting either of a folded sheet of paper, or several sheets bound together into a booklet with only a paper cover, formerly containing literary compositions, newsletters, and newspapers, but now chiefly informational matter.


lexentry: eng/pan-post-Soviet__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pan-post-Soviet
trans_list: общепостсове́тский
sense:
(political science) Spanning all or most of the region which was once part of the Soviet Union, especially in reference to the post-Soviet countries (countries which were once part of the Soviet Union).


lexentry: eng/pan__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: pan
trans_list: кастрю́ля
sense:
A cylindrical receptacle about as tall as it is wide, with one long handle, usually made of metal, used for cooking in the home.


lexentry: eng/pan__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: pan
trans_list: лото́к
sense:
A wide receptacle in which gold grains are separated from gravel by washing the contents with water.


lexentry: eng/pan__Noun__1
sense_num: 11
written_rep: pan
trans_list: унита́з
sense:
(obsolete) The chamber pot in a close stool; (now) the base of a toilet, consisting of the bowl and its support.


lexentry: eng/pan__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pan
trans_list: промы́ть | промыва́ть
sense:
(transitive) To disparage; to belittle; to put down; to harshly criticize, especially a work (book, movie, etc.)


lexentry: eng/pan_and_scan__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pan and scan
trans_list: панскани́рование
sense:
(uncountable, film) The method or practice of adjusting widescreen film images, especially 2.35:1 or 2.39:1 aspect ratio, so that they can be shown within the proportions of a 1.33:1 or 1.78:1 aspect ratio television screen, by cropping off sides of the original widescreen image, as opposed to letterboxing.


lexentry: eng/panacea__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: panacea
trans_list: панаце́я | панацея
sense:
A remedy believed to cure all disease and prolong life that was originally sought by alchemists; a cure-all.


lexentry: eng/pancake__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pancake
trans_list: блин | бли́нчик | нали́стник | ола́дья | панке́йк
sense:
(countable, and, uncountable) A thin batter cake fried in a pan or on a griddle in oil or butter; in particular:


lexentry: eng/pancreas__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pancreas
trans_list: поджелу́дочная железа́ | поджелудочная железа
sense:
(anatomy) A gland near the stomach which secretes a fluid into the duodenum to assist with food digestion.


lexentry: eng/panda__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: panda
trans_list: бамбуковый медведь | па́нда | панда
sense:
(colloquial, also, attributively) Ellipsis of giant panda (“Ailuropoda melanoleuca”). [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/pandect__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pandect
trans_list: удобоваримый
sense:
(by extension, rare) Also in the plural form pandects: a comprehensive collection of laws; specifically, the whole body of law of a country; a legal code.


lexentry: eng/pandeism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pandeism
trans_list: пандеи́зм | пандеизм
sense:
(religion) A belief in a god who is both pantheistic and deistic, in particular a god who designed the universe and then became it and ceased to exist separately and act consciously with respect to it.


lexentry: eng/pandemic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pandemic
trans_list: пандеми́ческий | пандемический
sense:
(epidemiology) Of a disease: epidemic over a wide geographical area and affecting a large proportion of the population; also, of or pertaining to a disease of this nature.


lexentry: eng/pandemic__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pandemic
trans_list: пандеми́я | пандемия
sense:
(epidemiology) A pandemic disease; a disease that affects a wide geographical area and a large proportion of the population.


lexentry: eng/pandemonium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pandemonium
trans_list: хаос
sense:
A loud, wild, tumultuous protest, disorder, or chaotic situation, usually of a crowd, often violent.


lexentry: eng/pander__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pander
trans_list: потака́ть | потво́рствовать
sense:
(intransitive) To tempt with, to appeal or cater to (improper motivations, etc.); to assist in gratification.


lexentry: eng/pandiculation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pandiculation
trans_list: потягивание
sense:
A stretching and stiffening of the trunk and extremities, as when fatigued and drowsy or on waking, often accompanied by yawning.


lexentry: eng/panel__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: panel
trans_list: гру́ппа | коми́ссия | комите́т | фо́рум
sense:
A group of people gathered to judge, interview, discuss etc. as on a television or radio broadcast for example.


lexentry: eng/panentheism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: panentheism
trans_list: пантеи́зм | панентеизм
sense:
(philosophy, religion) A doctrine that the universe subsists within God, but that God nevertheless transcends or has some existence separate from the universe.


lexentry: eng/panettone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: panettone
trans_list: панетто́н | панетто́не
sense:
A soft Italian sourdough brioche from Milan, with candied fruit, usually prepared for Christmas as a dessert.


lexentry: eng/panforte__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: panforte
trans_list: панфо́рте
sense:
A dense flat cake, a speciality of Siena, made with honey, hazelnuts, almonds, candied fruit, cocoa and spices.


lexentry: eng/pang__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pang
trans_list: боль | внезапный | уко́л
sense:
(often, in the plural) A paroxysm of extreme physical pain or anguish; a feeling of sudden and transitory agony; a throe.


lexentry: eng/pang__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pang
trans_list: угрызе́ние
sense:
(often, in the plural) A sudden sharp feeling of an emotional or mental nature, as of joy or sorrow.


lexentry: eng/pang_of_conscience__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pang of conscience
trans_list: [[угрызение|угрызе́ния]] [[совесть|со́вести]]
sense:
(often, in the plural) A feeling of shame, guilt, or embarrassment, resulting from behavior which one regrets.


lexentry: eng/pangenesis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pangenesis
trans_list: пангенез
sense:
A mechanism for heredity proposed by Charles Darwin by which the cells of the body shed "gemmules" which collect in the reproductive organs prior to fertilization.


lexentry: eng/pangolin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pangolin
trans_list: панголи́н | я́щер
sense:
The scaly anteater; any of several long-tailed, scale-covered mammals of the family Manidae within the order Pholidota of tropical Africa and Asia.


lexentry: eng/panhandle__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: panhandle
trans_list: ни́щенствовать | побира́ться | попроша́йничать | христара́дничать
sense:
(intransitive, US) To beg for money, especially with a container in hand for receiving loose change, especially on the street, and particularly, as a homeless or vagrant person.


lexentry: eng/panhandler__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: panhandler
trans_list: попрошайка
sense:
One who panhandles; an urban beggar who typically stands on a street with an outstretched container in hand, begging for loose change or money.


lexentry: eng/panic__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: panic
trans_list: па́ника | паника
sense:
(uncountable) Overwhelming fear or fright, often affecting groups of people or animals; (countable) an instance of this; a fright, a scare.


lexentry: eng/panic_attack__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: panic attack
trans_list: паниче́ская ата́ка
sense:
A sudden period of intense anxiety, mounting physiological arousal, fear, stomach problems and discomfort that are associated with a variety of somatic and cognitive symptoms.


lexentry: eng/panipuri__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: panipuri
trans_list: па́ни пу́ри
sense:
A form of fried puff-pastry balls filled with a watery mixture of tamarind, chili, chaat masala, potato, onion and chickpeas, from India and Pakistan.


lexentry: eng/pankration__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pankration
trans_list: панкратио́н
sense:
(martial arts) An Ancient Greek martial art combining aspects of boxing and wrestling, introduced in the Greek Olympic games in 648 BC.


lexentry: eng/panna_cotta__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: panna cotta
trans_list: па́нна-ко́тта | панако́та
sense:
A northern Italian dessert consisting of flavoured double cream set with gelatine, often served with fruit sauce or caramel syrup.


lexentry: eng/pannier__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pannier
trans_list: велорюкзак | перемётная су́мка
sense:
A large basket or bag fastened, usually in pairs, to the back of a bicycle or pack animal, or carried in pairs over the shoulders.


lexentry: eng/pannier__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: pannier
trans_list: панье́
sense:
(historical, fashion) One of a pair of hoops used to expand the volume of a woman's skirt to either side.


lexentry: eng/panopticon__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: panopticon
trans_list: пано́птикум
sense:
A type of prison where all the cells are visible from the center, particularly if it is not possible for those in a cell to know if they are being watched.


lexentry: eng/panpipes__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: panpipes
trans_list: пан-фле́йта
sense:
(musical instrument) An instrument consisting of a series of ten or more tubes of different lengths, typically closed at the bottom and open at the top, and is played by blowing across the open end at the top.


lexentry: eng/pansexuality__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pansexuality
trans_list: пансексуа́льность | пансексуальность
sense:
A sexual orientation characterized by the potential for aesthetic attraction, romantic love and/or sexual desire for people regardless of their gender or sex.


lexentry: eng/pant__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pant
trans_list: оды́шка | пыхте́ние
sense:
A quick breathing; a catching of the breath; a gasp: the panting of animals such as a dog with their tong hung out- as a form of thermoregulation.


lexentry: eng/pant__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pant
trans_list: задыха́ться | запы́хаться | запыха́ться | пыхте́ть
sense:
(ambitransitive) To breathe quickly or in a labored manner, as after exertion or from eagerness or excitement; to respire with heaving of the breast; to gasp.


lexentry: eng/pantaloons__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pantaloons
trans_list: брю́ки
sense:
An article of clothing covering each leg separately, that covers the area from the waist to the ankle.


lexentry: eng/pantheism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pantheism
trans_list: пантеи́зм | пантеизм
sense:
(religion) The belief that the Universe is in some sense divine and should be revered. Pantheism identifies the universe with God but denies any personality or transcendence of such a God.


lexentry: eng/panther__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: panther
trans_list: панте́ра | пантера
sense:
Any of various big cats with black fur; most especially, the black-coated leopard of Africa and Asia.


lexentry: eng/pantograph__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pantograph
trans_list: панто́граф
sense:
A mechanical linkage based on parallelograms causing two objects to move in parallel; notably as a drawing aid.


lexentry: eng/pantograph__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: pantograph
trans_list: токоприёмник | панто́граф
sense:
(rail transport) A similarly-formed conductive device, now usually Z-shaped, that collects electric current from overhead lines for trains and trams.


lexentry: eng/pantomime__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: pantomime
trans_list: пантоми́ма
sense:
(UK) A traditional theatrical entertainment, originally based on the commedia dell'arte, but later aimed mostly at children and involving physical comedy, topical jokes, call and response, and fairy-tale plots. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/pantry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pantry
trans_list: кладо́вка | кладова́я | чула́н
sense:
A small room, closet, or cabinet usually located in or near the kitchen, dedicated to shelf-stable food storage or storing kitchenware, like a larder, but smaller.


lexentry: eng/pants__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pants
trans_list: брю́ки | портки́ | шарова́ры | штаны́
sense:
(chiefly, North America, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, India, Philippines) An outer garment that covers the body from the waist downwards, covering each leg separately, usually as far as the ankles; trousers. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/pants__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pants
trans_list: кальсо́ны | пантало́ны | тру́сики | трусы́
sense:
(chiefly, UK) An undergarment that covers the genitals and often the buttocks and the neighbouring parts of the body; underpants. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/pap__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pap
trans_list: пюре́
sense:
(uncountable) Food in the form of a soft paste, often a porridge, especially as given to very young children.


lexentry: eng/papakha__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: papakha
trans_list: папа́х | папа́ха
sense:
A fur or sometimes wool hat traditionally worn by men throughout the Caucasus and Central Asia; its shape varies from hemispherical to cylindrical, which may be slightly tapered in either direction.


lexentry: eng/paparazzo__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paparazzo
trans_list: папара́цци
sense:
A freelance photographer who sells photographs of celebrities to the media, especially one who pursues celebrities and attempts to obtain candid photographs.


lexentry: eng/paper__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paper
trans_list: бумага | бума́га
sense:
A sheet material typically used for writing on or printing on (or as a non-waterproof container), usually made by draining cellulose fibres from a suspension in water.


lexentry: eng/paper__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: paper
trans_list: бума́га | статья́ | бумага
sense:
(rock paper scissors) An open hand (a handshape resembling a sheet of paper), that beats rock and loses to scissors. It loses to lizard and beats Spock in rock-paper-scissors-lizard-Spock.


lexentry: eng/paper__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: paper
trans_list: бума́га | докуме́нт | статья́
sense:
A written document, generally shorter than a book (white paper, term paper), in particular one written for the Government.


lexentry: eng/paper__Noun__1
sense_num: 11
written_rep: paper
trans_list: статья́
sense:
(finance, uncountable) Any financial assets other than specie, including paper money, commercial paper, and others.


lexentry: eng/paper_clay__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: paper clay
trans_list: паперклей
sense:
(ceramics) Clay mixed with shredded paper or other fibres, valued for its strength and light weight in the production of large ceramic works.


lexentry: eng/paper_cup__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paper cup
trans_list: бума́жный стака́нчик
sense:
A disposable cup made out of paper and often lined with plastic or wax to prevent liquid from leaking out or soaking through the paper.


lexentry: eng/paper_cut__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paper cut
trans_list: поре́з
sense:
A wound caused by a piece of paper or any thin, sharp material which can slice through a person's skin.


lexentry: eng/paper_jam__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paper jam
trans_list: застревание бумаги
sense:
(printing) A malfunction in a computer's printer or a photocopier or similar device occurring when sheets of paper become jammed inside.


lexentry: eng/paper_over__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paper over
trans_list: дело | замять
sense:
(transitive, figurative) To superficially hide or disguise (a problem or a defect) without addressing it; to provide a veneer of normality or success.


lexentry: eng/paper_tape__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paper tape
trans_list: перфолента
sense:
(computing, historical) An early sequential digital storage medium originally used with teletype machines, consisting of a long roll of paper, each character being encoded as a pattern of punched holes.


lexentry: eng/paper_tiger__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paper tiger
trans_list: бума́жный тигр | бумажный тигр
sense:
(idiomatic) A seemingly fierce or powerful person, country or organisation without the ability to back up their words; apparently powerful but actually ineffective.


lexentry: eng/paperless__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: paperless
trans_list: безбумажный
sense:
Relating to or involving the communication or storage of information electronically, rather than with paper.


lexentry: eng/paperweight__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paperweight
trans_list: пресс-папье́ | пресс-папье
sense:
A small, decorative, somewhat weighty object placed on one or more pieces of paper to keep them from fluttering away.


lexentry: eng/papier-mâché__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: papier-mâché
trans_list: папье́-маше́
sense:
Torn-up paper and other possible materials mixed with paste or glue used to create, when the mass is dried, a durable sculptural object.


lexentry: eng/papist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: papist
trans_list: папист | папистка
sense:
(religious slur, Christianity) A Roman Catholic, especially one whose loyalties are seen to be with the papacy in Rome.


lexentry: eng/papule__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: papule
trans_list: па́пула
sense:
A small, inflammatory, irritated spot on the skin, similar in appearance to a pimple, but not containing pus.


lexentry: eng/papyrology__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: papyrology
trans_list: папироло́гия
sense:
The study of papyrus, particularly the branch of archeology concerning ancient texts written on papyrus.


lexentry: eng/papyrus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: papyrus
trans_list: папи́рус | папирус
sense:
(usually, uncountable) A plant (Cyperus papyrus) in the sedge family, native to the Nile river valley, paper reed.


lexentry: eng/para-fascism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: para-fascism
trans_list: парафаши́зм
sense:
(fascism) A social order giving off impressions of being dynamically fascist and populist, but trying to abstain from its most radical practices.


lexentry: eng/parabola__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parabola
trans_list: пара́бола | парабола
sense:
(geometry) The conic section formed by the intersection of a cone with a plane parallel to a tangent plane to the cone; the locus of points equidistant from a fixed point (the focus) and line (the directrix).


lexentry: eng/paracentesis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paracentesis
trans_list: парацентез
sense:
(surgery) A medical procedure involving needle drainage of fluid from a body cavity, most commonly the abdomen.


lexentry: eng/parachute__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parachute
trans_list: парашю́т | парашют
sense:
(aviation) A device, generally constructed from fabric, that is designed to employ air resistance to control the fall of an object or person, causing them to float instead of falling.


lexentry: eng/parachute__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: parachute
trans_list: [[пры́гать]] с [[парашют|парашю́том]]
sense:
(transitive) To place (somebody) in an organisation in a position of authority without their having previous experience there; used with in or into.


lexentry: eng/paraconsistent_logic__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paraconsistent logic
trans_list: паранепротиворечи́вая ло́гика
sense:
(logic, countable) A particular formal logical system which allows some contradictions to be true without all contradictions or all statements becoming true; i.e. in which the principle of explosion does not hold.


lexentry: eng/parade_ground__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parade ground
trans_list: плац | плацда́рм
sense:
(military) A large area of firm ground, formerly usually adjacent to fortifications and now usually a paved area at a military base, where soldiers present themselves for inspection ("parade") and practice marching and close-order drills.


lexentry: eng/paradigm__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paradigm
trans_list: паради́гма | парадигма
sense:
A pattern, a way of doing something; especially a pattern of thought, a system of beliefs, a conceptual framework.


lexentry: eng/paradigm__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: paradigm
trans_list: образе́ц | паради́гма | приме́р
sense:
An example serving as the model for such a pattern; an exceptionally good or prototypical example of a pattern or group.


lexentry: eng/paradigm__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: paradigm
trans_list: паради́гма | парадигма
sense:
(linguistics) A set of all forms which contain a common element, especially the set of all inflectional forms of a word or a particular grammatical category.


lexentry: eng/paradigm_shift__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paradigm shift
trans_list: сме́на парадигм
sense:
(sciences) A radical change in thinking from an accepted point of view to a new one, necessitated when new scientific discoveries produce anomalies in the current paradigm. [from 1962]


lexentry: eng/paradise_parrot__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paradise parrot
trans_list: ра́йский плоскохво́стый попуга́й
sense:
A colourful, medium-sized parrot, Psephotus pulcherrimus, native to the grassy woodlands of the Queensland - New South Wales border area of northeastern Australia, believed to be extinct.


lexentry: eng/paradoxical_frog__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paradoxical frog
trans_list: гвиа́нская водяна́я жа́ба | удиви́тельная лягу́шка
sense:
Pseudis paradoxa, a species of frog unusual because it is larger as a tadpole (up to 25 cm or 10 in. long) than as an adult (about a quarter of that length).


lexentry: eng/paraffin_wax__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paraffin wax
trans_list: парафи́н
sense:
A waxy white solid hydrocarbon mixture used to make candles, wax paper, lubricants, and sealing materials.


lexentry: eng/paragraph__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paragraph
trans_list: пара́граф | абза́ц
sense:
A passage in text that starts on a new line, the first line sometimes being indented, and usually marks a change of topic.


lexentry: eng/paragraph__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: paragraph
trans_list: пара́граф | абза́ц
sense:
(originally) A mark or note set in the margin to call attention to something in the text, such as a change of subject.


lexentry: eng/parallax__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parallax
trans_list: паралла́кс
sense:
An apparent shift in the position of two stationary objects relative to each other as viewed by an observer, due to a change in observer position.


lexentry: eng/parallax_second__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parallax second
trans_list: [[паралла́кс]] [[углово́й]] [[секунда|секу́нды]]
sense:
A unit of length, used in astronomy, defined as the distance from the Earth of an object that exhibits a parallax of 1 arcsecond. It is approximately equal to 3.08568025 × 1013 kilometers or 3.2616 light years.


lexentry: eng/parallel__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: parallel
trans_list: паралле́ль | параллель
sense:
(military) One of a series of long trenches constructed before a besieged fortress, by the besieging force, as a cover for troops supporting the attacking batteries. They are roughly parallel to the line of outer defenses of the fortress.


lexentry: eng/parallel_bars__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parallel bars
trans_list: брус | паралле́льные бру́сья
sense:
A set of apparatus consisting of two horizontal bars at a small distance apart, upon which acts of swinging and holding and jumping and dips are performed.


lexentry: eng/parallelepiped__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parallelepiped
trans_list: параллелепи́пед | параллелепипед
sense:
(geometry) A solid figure, having six faces, all parallelograms, all opposite faces being similar and parallel.


lexentry: eng/parallelogram__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parallelogram
trans_list: параллелогра́мм | параллелограмм
sense:
(geometry) A convex quadrilateral in which each pair of opposite edges are parallel and of equal length.


lexentry: eng/paralogism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paralogism
trans_list: [[непра́вильное]] [[умозаключе́ние]] | паралоги́зм
sense:
A fallacious argument or illogical conclusion, especially one committed by mistake, or believed by the speaker to be logical.


lexentry: eng/paralysis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paralysis
trans_list: парали́ч | парализо́ванность | паралич
sense:
(pathology) The complete loss of voluntary control of part of a person's body, such as one or more limbs.


lexentry: eng/paramedic__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paramedic
trans_list: параме́дик | санита́р | санита́рка | фе́льдшер
sense:
A person trained to medically stabilize people through various interventions for victims of trauma or medical events outside of a hospital setting and prepare them for transport to a medical facility.


lexentry: eng/parameter__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parameter
trans_list: пара́метр | параметр
sense:
A value kept constant during an experiment, equation, calculation, or similar, but varied over other versions of the experiment, equation, calculation, etc.


lexentry: eng/parameter__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: parameter
trans_list: пара́метр | параметр
sense:
(programming) An input variable of a function definition, that gets an actual value (argument) at execution time.


lexentry: eng/paranoia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paranoia
trans_list: парано́йя | паранойя
sense:
The obsolete name for a psychotic disorder, now called delusional disorder, often (in one of six subtypes) characterized by delusions of persecution and a perceived threat against the individual affected with the disorder, and often associated with false accusations and a general mistrust of others


lexentry: eng/paranoid_personality_disorder__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paranoid personality disorder
trans_list: параноидальное расстройство личности
sense:
(psychiatry) A mental disorder characterized by paranoia and a pervasive, long-standing suspiciousness and generalized mistrust of others.


lexentry: eng/paranoid_schizophrenia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paranoid schizophrenia
trans_list: парано́идная шизофрени́я
sense:
(psychiatry) A form of schizophrenia that is accompanied by delusions, either of persecution, grandeur or jealousy.


lexentry: eng/paranormal__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paranormal
trans_list: паранормальный
sense:
Of events, experiences, or phenomenona, that cannot be explained by current scientific understanding or natural laws.


lexentry: eng/paraphilia__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: paraphilia
trans_list: парафили́я
sense:
(sexology) Sexual arousal in response to sexual objects or situations which may interfere with the capacity for reciprocal affectionate sexual activity or lead to clinically significant distress or impairment (e.g. are obligatory, require participation of unconsenting individuals, lead to legal issues).


lexentry: eng/paraphrase__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paraphrase
trans_list: парафра́за | переска́з
sense:
A restatement of a text in different words, often to clarify meaning or from memory rather than verbatim.


lexentry: eng/paraphrase__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paraphrase
trans_list: парафрази́ровать | переска́зывать | пересказа́ть
sense:
(ambitransitive) To restate something as, or to compose a paraphrase. To repeat a written or spoken phrase/quote using different words, often in a simpler and shorter form, or sometimes in a humorous context.


lexentry: eng/paraphrenia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paraphrenia
trans_list: парафрени́я
sense:
(psychiatry) Any of a group of psychotic illnesses involving delusions, distinct from paranoia and schizophrenia.


lexentry: eng/paraphyletic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paraphyletic
trans_list: парафилетический
sense:
(systematics) Of a defined group of taxa: not including all descendants of the most recent common ancestor of all members.


lexentry: eng/paraprosdokian__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paraprosdokian
trans_list: неожиданность
sense:
Figure of speech in which the latter part of a sentence or phrase is surprising or unexpected, often humorously.


lexentry: eng/parapsychology__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parapsychology
trans_list: парапсихоло́гия | парапсихология
sense:
The study of alleged paranormal phenomena; psychic or occult phenomena, such as telepathy and ghosts.


lexentry: eng/parasang__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parasang
trans_list: параса́нг | фарса́х
sense:
A historical Iranian unit of itinerant distance used throughout the Western Mediterranean and the Middle East in antiquity, originally the distance travelled in one hour, and generally assumed to be equivalent to about six kilometres. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/parasaurolophus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parasaurolophus
trans_list: паразауроло́ф
sense:
Parasaurolophus, a herbivorous ornithopod dinosaur from the late Cretaceous period of what is now North America that walked both as a biped and a quadruped.


lexentry: eng/parasite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parasite
trans_list: парази́т | паразит
sense:
(biology) An organism that lives on or in another organism of a different species, deriving benefit from living on or in that other organism, while not contributing towards that other organism sufficiently to cover the cost to that other organism.


lexentry: eng/parasite__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: parasite
trans_list: парази́т | дармое́д | нахле́бник | прижива́л | прижива́ла | тунея́дец
sense:
(pejorative) A person who lives on other people's efforts or expense and gives little or nothing back. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/parasitism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parasitism
trans_list: тунеядство
sense:
(ecology, biology) Interaction between two organisms, in which one organism (the parasite) benefits and the other (the host) is harmed.


lexentry: eng/parasitoid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parasitoid
trans_list: паразитоид
sense:
Any organism that is parasitic during part of its life cycle, especially one that eventually kills its host.


lexentry: eng/parasol_mushroom__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parasol mushroom
trans_list: гриб-зо́нтик высо́кий
sense:
Macrolepiota procera (syn. Lepiota procera, a basidiomycete fungus with a large, prominent fruiting body resembling a parasol.


lexentry: eng/parasympathetic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parasympathetic
trans_list: парасимпатический
sense:
(neuroanatomy, neurology, relational) Of or relating to the part of the autonomic nervous system that inhibits or opposes the effects of the sympathetic nervous system. It consists of nerves arising from the brain and the lower end of the spinal cord and supplying the internal organs, blood vessels, and glands.


lexentry: eng/parasynonym__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parasynonym
trans_list: частичный синоним
sense:
(linguistics) A term (word or phrase) which is parasynonymous with others, but not necessarily considered a synonym.


lexentry: eng/parataxis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parataxis
trans_list: парата́ксис
sense:
(grammar) Speech or writing in which clauses or phrases are placed together without being separated by conjunctions, for example "I came; I saw; I conquered".


lexentry: eng/paratha__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paratha
trans_list: пара́тха
sense:
an Indian bread with a texture somewhat resembling puff pastry; sometimes stuffed with vegetables etc.


lexentry: eng/parathyroid_hormone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parathyroid hormone
trans_list: паратиреоидный гормон
sense:
(protein) A polypeptide hormone that is released by the chief cells of the parathyroid glands and is involved in raising the levels of calcium ions in the blood.


lexentry: eng/paratransit__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paratransit
trans_list: паратранзит
sense:
(American) An auxiliary transit service without fixed routes or schedules, usually serving the disabled on demand. [From 1972.]


lexentry: eng/paratyphoid_fever__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paratyphoid fever
trans_list: паратиф
sense:
(pathology) Any of a variety of acute infectious intestinal diseases resembling typhoid fever but less severe, caused by eating food contaminated with certain bacteria of the genus Salmonella.


lexentry: eng/paravane__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paravane
trans_list: ширма
sense:
(nautical) A device, stabilized with vanes, towed alongside a vessel such that the cable attaching it cuts the moorings of submerged mines.


lexentry: eng/pardon__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pardon
trans_list: поми́лование
sense:
(law) An order that releases a convicted criminal without further punishment, prevents future punishment, or (in some jurisdictions) removes an offence from a person's criminal record, as if it had never been committed.


lexentry: eng/pardon_my_French__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pardon my French
trans_list: извини́те за выраже́ние | извини́те за мо́й францу́зский
sense:
(intransitive, idiomatic, often, humorous) To excuse the speaker's frankness of expression or profanity.


lexentry: eng/pare__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pare
trans_list: очищать
sense:
(transitive) To remove the outer covering or skin of something with a cutting device, typically a knife.


lexentry: eng/pare__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pare
trans_list: уре́зать
sense:
(transitive, often, with down or back) To reduce, diminish or trim gradually something as if by cutting off.


lexentry: eng/pareidolia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pareidolia
trans_list: парейдоли́я | парейдолия
sense:
(psychology) The tendency to interpret a vague stimulus as something known to the observer, such as interpreting marks on Mars as canals, seeing shapes in clouds, or hearing hidden messages in music.


lexentry: eng/parenchyma__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parenchyma
trans_list: паренхи́ма
sense:
(anatomy) The functional tissue of an organ as distinguished from the connective and supporting tissue.


lexentry: eng/parent__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: parent
trans_list: опеку́н | попечи́тель | попечи́тельница
sense:
(often in the plural) A person who has had a baby; this person in relation to their child or children.


lexentry: eng/parent__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: parent
trans_list: пре́док | роди́тель | роди́тельница | родитель
sense:
(biology) An organism from which a plant or animal is immediately biologically descended. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/parent__Noun__1
sense_num: 09
written_rep: parent
trans_list: пре́док | роди́тель | роди́тельница | родитель
sense:
(computing) The object from which a child or derived object is descended; a node superior to another node. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/parental_control__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parental control
trans_list: родительский контроль
sense:
(usually, in the plural) A feature included in some digital television services, computers, mobile devices, software, etc. that allows parents to restrict their children's access to certain content.


lexentry: eng/parental_leave__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
sense: A leave of absence from a job for a parent to take care of a baby.
written_rep: parental leave
trans_list:
[[о́тпуск]] по [[уход|ухо́ду]] за ребёнком | [[роди́тельский]] [[о́тпуск]] | декре́тный о́тпуск | [[о́тпуск]] по [[беременность|бере́менности]] и [[роды|ро́дам]]


lexentry: eng/parenteral__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parenteral
trans_list: парентера́льный
sense:
(medicine) Administered by some means that avoids the gastrointestinal tract, particularly intravenously or by injection.


lexentry: eng/parenthesis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parenthesis
trans_list: вво́дное сло́во
sense:
A clause, phrase or word which is inserted (usually for explanation or amplification) into a passage which is already grammatically complete, and usually marked off with brackets, commas or dashes.


lexentry: eng/parenthesis__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: parenthesis
trans_list: кру́глая ско́бка | ско́бка | ско́бки
sense:
Either of a pair of brackets, especially (mainly US) round brackets, ( and ) (used to enclose parenthetical material in a text).


lexentry: eng/parents'_evening__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parents' evening
trans_list: родительское собрание
sense:
(UK, education) An evening consisting of short meetings between a parent and their child's teachers to discuss the child's academic progress.


lexentry: eng/parfait__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: parfait
trans_list: парфе́
sense:
An American parfait, a layered dessert often consisting of fruit, ice cream, pastries, whipped topping, etc. and served in a glass, often a parfait glass.


lexentry: eng/parhelion__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parhelion
trans_list: парге́лий
sense:
Synonym of sun dog (“a bright spot in the sky, usually one of two on the parhelic circle on both sides of the sun (or occasionally above and below it), caused by the refraction of the sun's image through ice crystals”).


lexentry: eng/pariah__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pariah
trans_list: па́рия
sense:
Synonym of outcast: A person despised and excluded by their family, community, or society, especially a member of the untouchable castes in Indian society.


lexentry: eng/parish__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parish
trans_list: прихо́д | приход
sense:
(Anglican, Eastern Orthodox, Lutheranism, Roman Catholicism) An administrative part of a diocese that has its own church.


lexentry: eng/parish__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: parish
trans_list: прихо́д | общи́на
sense:
(US) An ecclesiastical society, usually not bounded by territorial limits, but composed of those persons who choose to unite under the charge of a particular priest, clergyman, or minister; also, loosely, the territory in which the members of a congregation live.


lexentry: eng/parish_church__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parish church
trans_list: приходска́я це́рковь
sense:
A church that serves as the religious centre of a parish; the basic administrative unit of episcopal churches.


lexentry: eng/parish_pump_politics__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parish pump politics
trans_list: ограниченность
sense:
(Ireland, UK, politics, derogatory, informal) Political activity that is more evidently concerned with addressing the immediate needs of the local electorate than with strategy that might affect the national interest.


lexentry: eng/parity__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: parity
trans_list: парите́т | чётность
sense:
(mathematics, countable) A set with the property of having all of its elements belonging to one of two disjoint subsets, especially a set of integers split in subsets of even and odd elements.


lexentry: eng/parity__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: parity
trans_list: парите́т | чётность
sense:
(mathematics, countable) The classification of an element of a set with parity into one of the two sets.


lexentry: eng/park__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: park
trans_list: парк
sense:
A tract of ground kept in its natural state, about or adjacent to a residence, such as for the preservation of game, for walking, riding, or the like.


lexentry: eng/park__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
sense: (transitive) To bring (something such as a vehicle) to a halt or store in a specified place.
written_rep: park
trans_list:
паркова́ть | [[ста́вить]] на [[парковка|парко́вку]] | [[ста́вить]] на [[стоянка|стоя́нку]] | паркова́ться


lexentry: eng/parking_disc__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parking disc
trans_list: парковочный диск
sense:
A device placed inside a parked vehicle, indicating either the time of its arrival, or its eligibility to park in a specified place


lexentry: eng/parking_lot__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parking lot
trans_list: автостоя́нка | па́ркинг | парко́вка | стоя́нка | [[стоя́нка]] для [[машина|маши́н]]
sense:
(North America, Philippines, Malaysia) An open area, generally paved, where automobiles may be left when not in use.


lexentry: eng/parking_meter__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parking meter
trans_list: парко́вочные часы́ | парко́метр
sense:
A device, located by a parking space, that collects payment in exchange for the right to park a vehicle for a specified time.


lexentry: eng/parking_ticket__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parking ticket
trans_list: штраф
sense:
A legal summons issued for parking a motor vehicle in a place where such parking is restricted, or beyond the time paid for.


lexentry: eng/parkland__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: parkland
trans_list: парковая зона | парковые насаждения
sense:
(North America) A landscape characterized by a mixture of treed groves and open grasslands, akin to a Eurasian forest steppe.


lexentry: eng/parkour__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parkour
trans_list: паркур
sense:
(sport) An athletic discipline, in which practitioners traverse any environment in the most efficient way possible using their physical abilities, and which commonly involves running, jumping, vaulting, rolling, flipping, and other similar physical movements.


lexentry: eng/parlance__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parlance
trans_list: манера говорить | говоря языком (чего-л.) | на языке (чего-л.)
sense:
A certain way of speaking, of using words; especially that associated with a particular job or interest.


lexentry: eng/parliament__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: parliament
trans_list: парла́мент | парламент
sense:
In many countries, the legislative branch of government, a deliberative assembly or set of assemblies whose elected or appointed members meet to debate the major political issues of the day, make, amend, and repeal laws, authorize the executive branch of government to spend money, and in some cases exercise judicial powers; a legislature. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/parliament__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: parliament
trans_list: парла́мент | парламент
sense:
A particular assembly of the members of such a legislature, as convened for a specific purpose or period of time (commonly designated with an ordinal number – for example, first parliament or 12th parliament – or a descriptive adjective – for example, Long Parliament, Short Parliament and Rump Parliament). [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/parliamentarian__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parliamentarian
trans_list: парламента́рий
sense:
(Commonwealth) A member of a parliament, congress or an elected national legislative body of another name.


lexentry: eng/parliamentary__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: parliamentary
trans_list: парла́ментский
sense:
Having the supreme executive and legislative power resting with a cabinet of ministers chosen from, and responsible to a parliament.


lexentry: eng/parlor__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parlor
trans_list: приёмная
sense:
(dated, except in, Mid-Atlantic US) The living room of a house, or a room for entertaining guests; a room for talking; a sitting-room or drawing room.


lexentry: eng/parochial__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: parochial
trans_list: ме́стнический | ограни́ченный | у́зкий
sense:
(derogatory) Characterized by an unsophisticated focus on local concerns to the exclusion of wider contexts; elementary in scope or outlook.


lexentry: eng/parochialism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parochialism
trans_list: ограниченность
sense:
The quality or state of being parochial; especially: selfish pettiness or narrowness (as of interests, opinions, or views).


lexentry: eng/parole__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parole
trans_list: УДО́ | досро́чное освобожде́ние | усло́вно-досро́чное освобожде́ние | усло́вное освобожде́ние
sense:
(with on) Originally, one's oath or word of honour, given as a condition of release from custody; now specifically, describing the release of a former prisoner under certain conditions, especially the promise of good behaviour. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/parole__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: parole
trans_list: УДО́ | досро́чное освобожде́ние | усло́вно-досро́чное освобожде́ние | усло́вное освобожде́ние
sense:
Conditional release of a prisoner (now especially before the end of a custodial sentence), or the term or state of such release; the system governing such releases. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/paroxetine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paroxetine
trans_list: пароксети́н
sense:
(pharmaceutical drug) An antidepressant that is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor and is also used for the treatment of anxiety disorders.


lexentry: eng/paroxysm__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paroxysm
trans_list: парокси́зм | припа́док
sense:
(countable, medicine) A period (especially one of several recurring periods) during the course of an illness when symptoms worsen; a sudden attack of a disease symptom, such as a bout of coughing or a seizure.


lexentry: eng/paroxysm__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: paroxysm
trans_list: парокси́зм | при́ступ
sense:
(countable) Chiefly followed by of: a sudden outburst of violent activity or feeling; also, the most severe part of an activity or incident; the climax.


lexentry: eng/parrot__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parrot
trans_list: попуга́й | попугай
sense:
A kind of bird, many species of which are colorful and able to mimic human speech, of the order Psittaciformes or (narrowly) of the family Psittacidae.


lexentry: eng/parrot__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parrot
trans_list: механи́чески повторя́ть | попуга́йничать
sense:
(transitive) To repeat (exactly what has just been said) without necessarily showing understanding, in the manner of a parrot.


lexentry: eng/parrotfish__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parrotfish
trans_list: ры́ба-попуга́й
sense:
Any of several tropical marine fish of the family Scaridae known for their beak-like mass of teeth used to scrape algae from rocks or coral.


lexentry: eng/parse__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parse
trans_list: анализи́ровать | разбира́ть | разобра́ть
sense:
(linguistics, ambitransitive) To resolve (a sentence, etc.) into its elements, pointing out the several parts of speech, and their relation to each other by agreement or government; to analyze and describe grammatically. [from mid 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/parsimony__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: parsimony
trans_list: практичность
sense:
(by extension) The quality or characteristic of using the fewest resources or explanations to solve a problem.


lexentry: eng/parsley__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parsley
trans_list: петру́шка | петрушка
sense:
(countable, uncountable) A bright green, biennial herb, Petroselinum crispum, having many cultivars.


lexentry: eng/part-time__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: part-time
trans_list: за́нятый непо́лное рабо́чее вре́мя | на полста́вки
sense:
For, during, or involving less than the normal time for some activity, especially the number of hours an employee works.


lexentry: eng/part_of_speech__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: part of speech
trans_list: часть ре́чи | часть речи
sense:
(grammar) A linguistic category of words sharing syntactic or morphological behaviour and semantic properties, such as noun or verb.


lexentry: eng/parthenogenesis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parthenogenesis
trans_list: партеногенез
sense:
(biology, countable, uncountable) (An instance of) reproduction by the development of a single gamete (an ovum or ovule) without fertilisation by a gamete of the opposite sex; compare monogenesis, metagenesis, and heterogamy.


lexentry: eng/partial__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: partial
trans_list: небеспристра́стный | предвзя́тый | тенденцио́зный
sense:
biased in favor of a person, side, or point of view, especially when dealing with a competition or dispute


lexentry: eng/partial_derivative__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: partial derivative
trans_list: частная производная
sense:
(mathematics) A derivative with respect to one variable of a function of several variables with the other variables held constant.


lexentry: eng/partial_order__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: partial order
trans_list: части́чный поря́док
sense:
(set theory, order theory) (informal) An ordering of the elements of a collection that behaves like that of the natural numbers by size, except that some elements may not be comparable (if all elements are comparable, it is called a total order); (formal) a binary relation that is reflexive, antisymmetric, and transitive.


lexentry: eng/partial_pressure__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: partial pressure
trans_list: парциа́льное давле́ние
sense:
(physics, chemistry) The pressure that one component of a mixture of gases would contribute to the total pressure.


lexentry: eng/participatory_democracy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: participatory democracy
trans_list: демократия участия | партисипативная демокра́тия | уча́ствующая демократия
sense:
(political science) A form of government in which citizens participate individually and directly in political decisions and policies affecting their lives, rather than through elected representatives.


lexentry: eng/participle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: participle
trans_list: прича́стие | причастие
sense:
(grammar) A form of a verb that may function as an adjective, noun or adverb. English has two types of participles: the present participle and the past participle. In other languages, there are others, such as future, perfect, and future perfect participles.


lexentry: eng/particle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: particle
trans_list: части́ца | крупи́ца | частица
sense:
A very small piece of matter, a fragment; especially, the smallest possible part of something. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/particle__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: particle
trans_list: части́ца | частица
sense:
(physics) Any of various physical objects making up the constituent parts of an atom; an elementary particle or subatomic particle. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/particle__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: particle
trans_list: части́ца | частица
sense:
(grammar) A part of speech that has no inherent lexical definition but must be associated with another word to impart meaning, often a grammatical category: for example, the English word to in a full infinitive phrase (to eat) or O in a vocative phrase (O Canada), or as a discourse marker (mmm).


lexentry: eng/particle_accelerator__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: particle accelerator
trans_list: ускори́тель части́ц
sense:
A device that accelerates electrically charged particles to extremely high speeds, for the purpose of inducing high energy reactions or producing high energy radiation.


lexentry: eng/particle_board__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: particle board
trans_list: ДСП́ | древе́сно-стру́жечная плита́
sense:
(US, Canada, AU) a structural material manufactured from wood particles (such as chips and shavings) by pressing, and binding through resin


lexentry: eng/particulate_matter__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: particulate matter
trans_list: мелкая пыль
sense:
Any solid or liquid in a finely subdivided state, especially when considered as an atmospheric pollutant.


lexentry: eng/partisan__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: partisan
trans_list: парти́йный
sense:
Adherent to a party or faction; especially, having the character of blind, passionate, or unreasonable adherence to a party.


lexentry: eng/partisan__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: partisan
trans_list: алеба́рда | протаза́н
sense:
(historical) A long-handled spear with a triangular, double-edged blade having lateral projections, in some forms also used in boar hunting.


lexentry: eng/partition__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: partition
trans_list: деле́ние | отделе́ние | разде́л | разделе́ние | расчлене́ние | се́кция
sense:
That which divides or separates; that by which different things, or distinct parts of the same thing, are separated; boundary; dividing line or space.


lexentry: eng/partition__Noun__1
sense_num: 11
written_rep: partition
trans_list: деле́ние
sense:
(computing) A division of a data stream, such as a messaging queue or topic (often representing a unit of parallelism, and of fault tolerance).


lexentry: eng/partner__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: partner
trans_list: партнёр | партнёрша
sense:
(nautical) One of the pieces of wood comprising the framework which strengthens the deck of a wooden ship around the holes through which the mast and other fittings pass.


lexentry: eng/partner__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: partner
trans_list: партнёр | партнёрша
sense:
(Jamaica) A group financial arrangement in which each member contributes a set amount of money over a set period.


lexentry: eng/partridge__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: partridge
trans_list: куропа́тка | куропатка
sense:
(ornithology) Any bird of a number of genera in the family Phasianidae, notably in the genera Perdix and Alectoris.


lexentry: eng/party__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: party
trans_list: гру́ппа | сторона́
sense:
(legal) A person or group of people constituting one side in a legal proceeding, such as in a legal action or a contract. [from ca. 1300s]


lexentry: eng/party__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: party
trans_list: гру́ппа | партия
sense:
(now, rare, _, in general sense) A group of people forming one side in a given dispute, contest, etc., or united in maintaining a cause, policy, or opinion in opposition to others; a faction. [from ca. 1320s]


lexentry: eng/party__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: party
trans_list: гру́ппа
sense:
A group of people gathered together, especially temporarily, for a specific purpose such as travel or sport. [from after 1387]


lexentry: eng/party__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: party
trans_list: вечери́нка | [[зва́ный]] [[ве́чер]] | па́рти | па́ти | приём | тусо́вка
sense:
A social gathering, usually of invited guests, which typically involves eating, drinking, and entertainment and often held to celebrate a particular occasion. [from 1700s]


lexentry: eng/party_animal__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: party animal
trans_list: тусо́вщик | тусо́вщица
sense:
(idiomatic) A person known for frequent, enthusiastic attendance at parties, especially one whose partying behavior is exuberant or excessive.


lexentry: eng/parvenu__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parvenu
trans_list: вы́скочка | нувори́ш | парвеню́
sense:
A person who has risen, climbed up, or has been promoted to a higher social class, especially through acquisition of wealth, privileges, or political authority but has not gained social acceptance by those within that new class.


lexentry: eng/pascal__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pascal
trans_list: паска́ль
sense:
In the International System of Units, the derived unit of pressure and stress; one newton per square metre. Symbol: Pa.


lexentry: eng/pasha__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pasha
trans_list: паша́ | паша
sense:
(historical) A high-ranking Turkish military officer, especially as a commander or regional governor; the highest honorary title during the Ottoman Empire.


lexentry: eng/paspalum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paspalum
trans_list: па́спалум | па́спалюм
sense:
Any member of the genus Paspalum of tall perennial grasses, the bahiagrasses or Dallis grasses. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/pasque_flower__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pasque flower
trans_list: простре́л
sense:
Any of various deciduous perennial flowering plants, of the genus Pulsatilla, found in clumps in certain grassland areas.


lexentry: eng/pass__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pass
trans_list: перева́л | перевал
sense:
An opening, road, or track, available for passing; especially, one through or over some dangerous or otherwise impracticable barrier such as a mountain range; a passageway; a defile; a ford.


lexentry: eng/pass__Noun__1
sense_num: 12
written_rep: pass
trans_list: про́пуск
sense:
A document granting permission to pass or to go and come; a passport; a ticket permitting free transit or admission


lexentry: eng/pass__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pass
trans_list: переда́ть | передава́ть | перейти́ | переходи́ть | пройти́ | проходи́ть
sense:
(ditransitive) To cause to move or go; to send; to transfer from one person, place, or condition to another.


lexentry: eng/pass__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pass
trans_list: сдать | перее́хать | переезжа́ть | пройти́ | проходи́ть | сдава́ть
sense:
(transitive) To cause to advance by stages of progress; to carry on with success through an ordeal, examination, or action; specifically, to give legal or official sanction to; to ratify; to enact; to approve as valid and just.


lexentry: eng/pass__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: pass
trans_list: исте́чь | истека́ть | ми́нуть | минова́ть | пройти́ | проходи́ть
sense:
(transitive) To allow to go by without noticing; to omit attention to; to take no note of; to disregard.


lexentry: eng/pass_the_buck__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pass the buck
trans_list: [[сва́ливать]] [[отве́тственность]] | переводи́ть стре́лки
sense:
(idiomatic, informal) To transfer responsibility or blame from oneself onto another; to absolve oneself of concern for a given matter by claiming to lack authority or jurisdiction.


lexentry: eng/passacaglia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: passacaglia
trans_list: пассака́лия | пассака́лья
sense:
(music genre) A form of historical Spanish or Italian dance characterised by a serious nature, triple metre, and use of a ground bass.


lexentry: eng/passage__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: passage
trans_list: пасса́ж
sense:
(art) The use of tight brushwork to link objects in separate spatial plains. Commonly seen in Cubist works.


lexentry: eng/passed_pawn__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: passed pawn
trans_list: проходная | проходная пешка
sense:
(chess) A pawn that has passed beyond enemy pawns on its own or adjacent files, and that hence has a clear run to the first or eighth rank.


lexentry: eng/passenger_compartment__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: passenger compartment
trans_list: салон
sense:
(automotive) The part of a road vehicle partitioned from the engine compartment, trunk or boot, etc., designed to hold the passengers and usually the driver; but in limousines and some taxis, buses and goods vehicles, the driver is separated in a cab or driver's compartment.


lexentry: eng/passenger_seat__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: passenger seat
trans_list: сиденье пассажира
sense:
(automotive) A seat in a vehicle for a passenger, especially the front seat next to the driver in a motor vehicle.


lexentry: eng/passing__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: passing
trans_list: перехо́д
sense:
The fact of going past; a movement from one place to another or a change from one state to another. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/passing_loop__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: passing loop
trans_list: разъезд
sense:
(rail) On a single-track railway or tramway, an extra track provided at a certain place to allow two trains travelling in opposite directions to pass each other. It can also allow a faster train to overtake a slower one.


lexentry: eng/passion__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: passion
trans_list: му́ка | стра́сти
sense:
(Christianity, usually capitalized) The suffering of Jesus leading up to and during his crucifixion.


lexentry: eng/passionflower__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: passionflower
trans_list: страстоцве́т
sense:
Any of very many vines, in North America and elsewhere, of the genus Passiflora that bear edible fruit called passion fruit, and showy flowers of a structure symbolic of the Passion of Christ.


lexentry: eng/passivation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: passivation
trans_list: мет.
sense:
(chemistry, materials science) The process of making a material passive (non-reactive) in relation to another material prior to using the materials together.


lexentry: eng/passive-aggressive__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: passive-aggressive
trans_list: пасси́вно-агресси́вный
sense:
(psychology) Showing passive, sometimes obstructionist resistance to following authoritative instructions in interpersonal or occupational situations.


lexentry: eng/passive_participle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: passive participle
trans_list: страда́тельное прича́стие
sense:
(grammar) A participle indicating an ongoing or completed action or state in the passive voice, where a noun modified by the participle is taken to represent the patient of the action denoted by the verb.


lexentry: eng/passive_vaping__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: passive vaping
trans_list: пасси́вный ве́йпинг
sense:
The involuntary inhalation of the vape of a psychoactive by a non-vaper due to the proximity to a vaper.


lexentry: eng/passive_vocabulary__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: passive vocabulary
trans_list: пасси́вная ле́ксика | пасси́вный лексико́н | пасси́вный слова́рный запа́с | пасси́вный слова́рь
sense:
The words and phrases, collectively, that someone understands in speech and writing but does not commonly use.


lexentry: eng/passport__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: passport
trans_list: па́спорт | [[заграни́чный]] [[па́спорт]] | загра́н | загра́нник | загранпа́спорт
sense:
An official document normally used for international journeys, which proves the identity and nationality of the person for whom it was issued.


lexentry: eng/password__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: password
trans_list: паро́ль | пароль
sense:
(military, security) A word relayed to a person to gain admittance to a place or to gain access to information.


lexentry: eng/password__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: password
trans_list: паро́ль | пароль
sense:
(computing, cryptography) A string of characters used to log in to a computer or network, to access a level in a video game, and so on; archetypally a word#Noun but nowadays often an alphanumeric#Adjective string or a phrase#Noun.


lexentry: eng/past__Adjective__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: past
trans_list: про́шлый | прошлое
sense:
(grammar) Of a tense, expressing action that has already happened or a previously-existing state. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/past_anterior__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: past anterior
trans_list: прошедшее отдалённое
sense:
(grammar) A compound tense used in literary French, Spanish, Portuguese and Italian, in function a pluperfect, and in form composed of the conjunction of the simple past tense of an auxiliary verb (avoir, être) with the past participle. Example: Après que la femme et l'homme l'eurent remercié = After the woman and the man had thanked him


lexentry: eng/past_historic_tense__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: past historic tense
trans_list: прошедшее историческое время
sense:
(grammar) A tense used in some languages (such as French and Italian) in narrative, and in spoken language primarily when reading narrative or in storytelling, for completed actions in the past or in speaking of the deceased.


lexentry: eng/past_imperfect_tense__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: past imperfect tense
trans_list: несовершенный
sense:
A grammatical tense which expresses the past as an action which was still going on at the point in time described, say someone "was ...ing" something, as opposed to the already accomplished counterpart past perfect tense (where the action took place even further in the past)


lexentry: eng/past_perfect__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: past perfect
trans_list: плюсквамперфект
sense:
A tense which describes actions that occurred before another action or event in the past; the pluperfect or the past anterior tense.


lexentry: eng/past_tense__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: past tense
trans_list: проше́дшее вре́мя | прошедшее время
sense:
(grammar) A grammatical form (often a verb form) that refers to an event, transaction, occurrence, or object that happened (or had happened), or existed, at some time before now (the applicable reference time).


lexentry: eng/pasta__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pasta
trans_list: макаро́нные изде́лия | макаро́ны | па́ста
sense:
(uncountable) Dough made from wheat and water and sometimes mixed with egg and formed into various shapes; often sold in dried form and typically boiled for eating.


lexentry: eng/paste__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: paste
trans_list: вста́вить | вставля́ть
sense:
(transitive, computing) To insert a piece of media (e.g. text, picture, audio, video) previously copied or cut from somewhere else.


lexentry: eng/pastegh__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pastegh
trans_list: пастила
sense:
a kind of Armenian fruit leather made by simmering mashed fruits and berries, then drying the thickened substance in sheets


lexentry: eng/pastel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pastel
trans_list: пасте́ль
sense:
Any of several subdued tints of colors, usually associated with pink, peach, yellow, green, blue, and lavender.


lexentry: eng/pasteurisation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pasteurisation
trans_list: пастериза́ция
sense:
(British spelling) Heat-treatment of a perishable food to destroy heat-sensitive vegetative cells followed by immediate cooling to limit growth of the surviving cells and germination of spores.


lexentry: eng/pasteurize__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pasteurize
trans_list: пастеризова́ть | пастеризовать
sense:
(transitive) To heat food for the purpose of killing harmful organisms such as bacteria, viruses, protozoa, molds, and yeasts.


lexentry: eng/pastiche__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pastiche
trans_list: пасти́ш | имита́ция | стилиза́ция
sense:
A work of art, drama, literature, music, or architecture that imitates the work of a previous artist, usually in a positive or neutral way.


lexentry: eng/pastoral__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pastoral
trans_list: пастора́ль
sense:
A poem describing the life and manners of shepherds; a poem in which the speakers assume the character of shepherds; an idyll; a bucolic.


lexentry: eng/pastoral__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pastoral
trans_list: пастора́ль
sense:
(music) A cantata relating to rural life; a composition for instruments characterized by simplicity and sweetness; a lyrical composition the subject of which is taken from rural life.


lexentry: eng/pat_down__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pat down
trans_list: обы́скивать | проверя́ть на ору́жие | шмона́ть
sense:
(US, informal, transitive) To frisk; to check someone's body for concealed items, especially weapons.


lexentry: eng/patch__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: patch
trans_list: запла́та | запла́тка | ла́тка
sense:
A piece of cloth, or other suitable material, sewed or otherwise fixed upon a garment to repair or strengthen it, especially upon an old garment to cover a hole.


lexentry: eng/patchouli__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: patchouli
trans_list: пачу́ли
sense:
Any of several East Indian plants in the genus Pogostemon, especially Pogostemon cablin, which yield a highly fragrant oil.


lexentry: eng/patchwork__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: patchwork
trans_list: головоломка
sense:
(figurative) Any kind of creation that makes use of many different aspects to create one whole piece.


lexentry: eng/patent__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: patent
trans_list: пате́нт | патент
sense:
A declaration issued by a government agency that the inventor of a new invention has the sole privilege of making, selling, or using the claimed invention for a specified period.


lexentry: eng/patent__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: patent
trans_list: брать пате́нт | патентова́ть
sense:
To (successfully) register (a new invention) with a government agency to obtain the sole privilege of its manufacture, sale, and use for a specified period.


lexentry: eng/patent_troll__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: patent troll
trans_list: патентный тролль
sense:
(patent law, informal, derogatory) A company, person, etc., that owns and enforces patents in an aggressive and opportunistic manner, often with no intention of producing, marketing, or promoting the subjects of the patents.


lexentry: eng/paternal_grandfather__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paternal grandfather
trans_list: дед
sense:
Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see paternal,‎ grandfather. (This entry is a translation hub.)


lexentry: eng/paternal_grandmother__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paternal grandmother
trans_list: [[ба́бушка]] по [[отцовский|отцо́вской]] [[линия|ли́нии]]
sense:
Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see paternal,‎ grandmother. (This entry is a translation hub.)


lexentry: eng/paternoster__Noun__1
sense_num: 08
written_rep: paternoster
trans_list: О́тче наш | о́тче наш
sense:
(archaic) A patent medicine, so named because salesmen would pray the Lord's Prayer over it before selling it.


lexentry: eng/path__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: path
trans_list: путь | доро́га | спо́соб | стезя́
sense:
(computing) A human-readable specification for a location within a hierarchical or tree-like structure, such as a file system or as part of a URL.


lexentry: eng/path__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: path
trans_list: путь
sense:
(graph theory) A sequence of vertices from one vertex to another using the arcs (edges). A path does not visit the same vertex more than once (unless it is a closed path, where only the first and the last vertex are the same).


lexentry: eng/pathogen__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pathogen
trans_list: патоге́н
sense:
(pathology, immunology) An agent that can cause disease, especially an infectious microorganism, such as a bacterium, virus, protozoon or fungus.


lexentry: eng/pathologist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pathologist
trans_list: пато́лог
sense:
An expert in pathology; a specialist who examines samples of body tissues for diagnostic or forensic purpose.


lexentry: eng/pathology__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pathology
trans_list: патоло́гия | патология
sense:
(academic, _, medicine) The academic biomedical specialty that advances the aspects of the biomedical sciences that allow for those clinical applications and their advancements over time.


lexentry: eng/pathology__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pathology
trans_list: патоло́гия | патология
sense:
Pathosis: any deviation from a healthy or normal structure or function; abnormality; illness or malformation.


lexentry: eng/pathos__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pathos
trans_list: воодушевле́ние | па́фос | подъём | энтузиа́зм
sense:
The quality or property of anything which touches the feelings or excites emotions and passions, especially that which awakens tender emotions, such as pity, sorrow, and the like; contagious warmth of feeling, action, or expression; pathetic quality.


lexentry: eng/pathos__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pathos
trans_list: па́фос
sense:
(rhetoric) A form of rhetoric in which the writer or speaker uses emotional appeals to the audience as the main form of persuasion.


lexentry: eng/patient__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: patient
trans_list: пацие́нт | больна́я | больно́й | пацие́нтка
sense:
A person or animal that receives health care from a doctor, nurse, dentist, allied health practitioner, or other person educated in health care.


lexentry: eng/patient__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: patient
trans_list: пациенс
sense:
(linguistics, grammar) The noun or noun phrase that is semantically on the receiving end of a verb's action.


lexentry: eng/patina__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: patina
trans_list: па́тина | пати́на
sense:
The colour or incrustation which age and wear give to (mainly metallic) objects; especially, the green rust which covers works of art such as ancient bronzes, coins and medals.


lexentry: eng/patriarch__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: patriarch
trans_list: патриа́рх | патриарх
sense:
(Christianity) The highest form of bishop, in the ancient world having authority over other bishops in the province but now generally as an honorary title; in Roman Catholicism, considered a bishop second only to the Pope in rank. [from 9th c.]


lexentry: eng/patriarchy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: patriarchy
trans_list: патриарха́т
sense:
(anthropology, history) A social system in which the father is head of the household, having authority over women and children, and in which lineage is traced through the male line.


lexentry: eng/patrician__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: patrician
trans_list: патри́ций
sense:
(Ancient Rome) A member of any of the families constituting the populus Romanus, or body of Roman citizens, before the development of the plebeian order; later, one who, by right of birth or by special privilege conferred, belonged to the senior class of Romans, who, with certain property, had by right a seat in the Roman Senate.


lexentry: eng/patriotic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: patriotic
trans_list: патриоти́ческий | патриотический
sense:
Inspired by or showing patriotism; done out of love of one's country; zealously and unselfishly devoted to the service of one's country


lexentry: eng/patriotism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: patriotism
trans_list: патриоти́зм | патриотизм
sense:
Love of one's country; devotion to the welfare of one's compatriots; passion which inspires one to serve one's country.


lexentry: eng/patrol__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: patrol
trans_list: обхо́д | патру́ль | патрули́рование
sense:
(military) A going of the rounds along the chain of sentinels and between the posts, by a guard, usually consisting of three or four men, to insure greater security from attacks on the outposts.


lexentry: eng/patrol__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: patrol
trans_list: дозо́р | патру́ль | патрули́рование
sense:
(military) A movement, by a small body of troops beyond the line of outposts, to explore the country and gain intelligence of the enemy's whereabouts.


lexentry: eng/patrolman__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: patrolman
trans_list: патру́льный
sense:
A police officer, especially a junior officer assigned patrol duty instead of detection or supervision.


lexentry: eng/patron_saint__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: patron saint
trans_list: свято́й покрови́тель
sense:
(Christianity) A saint conceived as the patron (protector or supporter) of a particular place, group, person, or activity, for whom or for which his or her intercession is specially invoked.


lexentry: eng/patronage__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: patronage
trans_list: снисходи́тельность
sense:
A communication that indicates lack of respect by patronizing the recipient; condescension; disdain.


lexentry: eng/patronage__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: patronage
trans_list: патрона́ж | проте́кция
sense:
(politics) Granting favours or giving contracts or making appointments to office in return for political support.


lexentry: eng/patronize__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: patronize
trans_list: [[обраща́ться]] [[снисходи́тельно]] | [[смотре́ть]] [[свысока́]]
sense:
(transitive) To assume a tone of unjustified superiority toward; to talk down to, to treat condescendingly.


lexentry: eng/patronymic__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: patronymic
trans_list: батюшка | о́тчество | патро́ним
sense:
(onomastics, by extension) A name acquired from the first name of one's father, grandfather or earlier (male) ancestor. Some cultures use a patronymic where other cultures use a surname or family name; other cultures (like Russia) use both a patronymic and a surname.


lexentry: eng/patsy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: patsy
trans_list: простофиля
sense:
(informal, derogatory) A person who is taken advantage of, especially by being cheated or blamed for something.


lexentry: eng/pattern__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pattern
trans_list: вы́кройка
sense:
(textiles) The paper or cardboard template from which the parts of a garment are traced onto fabric prior to cutting out and assembling.


lexentry: eng/pattern__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pattern
trans_list: закономе́рность | моде́ль | образе́ц | па́ттерн | схе́ма
sense:
A particular sequence of events, facts etc. which can be understood, used to predict the future, or seen to have a mathematical, geometric, statistical etc. relationship. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/patty__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: patty
trans_list: котле́та
sense:
(US, Australia, New Zealand) A flattened portion of ground meat or a vegetarian equivalent, usually round but sometimes square in shape.


lexentry: eng/pattycake__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pattycake
trans_list: ла́душки
sense:
(children's games) A children's game in which two people alternately clap their own and each other's hands, often to the accompaniment of the nursery rhyme "Pat-a-cake, pat-a-cake, baker's man".


lexentry: eng/pattypan_squash__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pattypan squash
trans_list: патиссо́н | патиссон
sense:
A summer squash of the species Cucurbita pepo, notable for its small size, round and shallow shape, and scalloped edges, which cause it to somewhat resemble a small toy top or a flying saucer.


lexentry: eng/paucal__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: paucal
trans_list: паука́льный
sense:
(grammar) Pertaining to a language form referring to a few or a couple of something (typically three to around ten), e.g. a small group of people.


lexentry: eng/paucal__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paucal
trans_list: паукальный
sense:
(grammar) A language form referring to a few of something (three to around ten), as a small group of people; contrast singular, dual, trial, and plural.


lexentry: eng/paucident_planigale__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paucident planigale
trans_list: мелкозу́бая су́мчатая мышь
sense:
Planigale gilesi, a very small species of carnivorous marsupial endemic to desert areas of southern and eastern Australia.


lexentry: eng/pauldron__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pauldron
trans_list: напле́чники
sense:
A component of plate armor that protects the shoulder, generally covering more than a spaulder, also protecting the armpit and overlapping with other armor over the upper chest and back.


lexentry: eng/pave__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pave
trans_list: вы́мостить | асфальти́ровать | заасфальти́ровать | мости́ть
sense:
(Canada, US) To cover with stone, concrete, blacktop or other solid covering, especially to aid travel.


lexentry: eng/pavement__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: pavement
trans_list: асфа́льт | мостова́я
sense:
(now, chiefly, North America) A paving (paved part) of a road or other thoroughfare; the roadway or road surface. [from 13th c.]


lexentry: eng/pavis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pavis
trans_list: павез
sense:
(military, history) Most usually, a very large shield fitted with a stand, like a small moveable wall, carried in front to protect all or most of the bearer's body that could be positioned independently of the user, such as a crossbowman, often with a projecting ridge running vertically down the center. However, smaller, more standard shield types were also termed as such, with the central verticle ridge as a defining feature.


lexentry: eng/pavlova__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pavlova
trans_list: Па́влова
sense:
(chiefly, Australia, and, New Zealand, foods) A meringue dessert usually topped with fruit and cream. [From 1927.]


lexentry: eng/paw__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paw
trans_list: ла́па | лапа
sense:
The soft foot of a mammal or other animal, generally a quadruped, that has claws or nails; comparable to a human hand or foot.


lexentry: eng/pawa__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pawa
trans_list: абало́н | морско́е у́шко | па́уа
sense:
(New Zealand) An edible univalve mollusc of the genus Haliotis, having a shell lined with mother-of-pearl.


lexentry: eng/pawl__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pawl
trans_list: соба́чка
sense:
A pivoted catch designed to fall into a notch on a ratchet wheel so as to allow movement in only one direction (e.g. on a windlass or in a clock mechanism), or alternatively to move the wheel in one direction.


lexentry: eng/pawn__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pawn
trans_list: пе́шка | пешка
sense:
(chess) The most numerous chess piece, or a similar piece in a similar game. In chess, each side starts with eight; moves are only forward, and attacks are only diagonally or en passant.


lexentry: eng/pawn__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pawn
trans_list: закла́дывать | [[отдава́ть]] в [[зало́г]]
sense:
(transitive) To give as security on a loan of money; especially, to deposit (something) at a pawn shop.


lexentry: eng/pawnbroker__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pawnbroker
trans_list: ломба́рдщик | ломба́рдщица | проце́нтщик | проце́нтщица | ростовщи́к | ростовщи́ца
sense:
A person who makes monetary loans at interest, taking personal property as security – which may be sold if not redeemed.


lexentry: eng/paximadi__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paximadi
trans_list: гайка
sense:
Various forms of Greek rusk, made commonly from barley or chickpea flour, and softened with wine, water or oil before eating.


lexentry: eng/pay_TV__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pay TV
trans_list: пла́тное телеви́дение
sense:
A system whereby viewers pay to subscribe to specific broadcast television channels or programme typically used in cable television services


lexentry: eng/pay_off__Verb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: pay off
trans_list: вы́платить | выпла́чивать | покры́ть | покрыва́ть
sense:
(transitive) To pay back (repay) the entirety of a loan, thereby effecting the release of a lien on (the thing that was financed).


lexentry: eng/pay_respect__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pay respect
trans_list: уважать
sense:
To demonstrate or profess respect to (someone or an ideal); to behave in a manner that demonstrates respect to (someone or an ideal).


lexentry: eng/payload__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: payload
trans_list: боева́я ча́сть | боезаря́д
sense:
That part of a rocket, missile, propelled stinger, or torpedo that is not concerned with propulsion or guidance, such as a warhead or satellite.


lexentry: eng/payment__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: payment
trans_list: вознагражде́ние | пла́та
sense:
(countable) An instance of that act; a sum of money paid in exchange#Noun for goods or services, or the transaction#Noun that conveys it.


lexentry: eng/payment_order__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: payment order
trans_list: ассигнация
sense:
(finance, chiefly, banking) An instruction from a sender to a receiving bank, transmitted orally, electronically, or in writing, to pay, or to cause another bank to pay a fixed and determinable amount of money to a beneficiary.


lexentry: eng/payola__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: payola
trans_list: взятка
sense:
(US, Philippines) A bribe given in exchange for a favor, such as one given in exchange for the promotion of goods or services (originally one given to a disk jockey to play a record).


lexentry: eng/payphone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: payphone
trans_list: обще́ственный телефо́н | таксофо́н | телефо́н-автома́т
sense:
A public telephone that requires prepayment to operate, generally via the insertion of coins or a credit card.


lexentry: eng/payroll__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: payroll
trans_list: платёжная ве́домость | платёжные ве́домости | расчётные ли́стья | расчётный ли́ст
sense:
(accounting) The calculation of salaries and wages and the deduction of taxes etc.; the department in a company responsible for this.


lexentry: eng/payslip__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: payslip
trans_list: расчётный лист
sense:
A small document, included with an employee's wage or salary, giving details of money earned and tax and insurance paid.


lexentry: eng/pea__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pea
trans_list: горо́х | горо́шек | горох
sense:
(especially, when without a qualifier) A plant, Pisum sativum, member of the legume (Fabaceae) family.


lexentry: eng/peace_pipe__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peace pipe
trans_list: тру́бка ми́ра
sense:
A tobacco pipe smoked ceremonially in certain Native American cultures that symbolizes peace among those who smoke it, and among whom it is passed around from person to person.


lexentry: eng/peace_talks__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peace talks
trans_list: [[мирный|ми́рные]] [[перегово́ры]]
sense:
A series of formal discussions between two or more nation-states or groups of people held to resolve existing conflict between them.


lexentry: eng/peaceable__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peaceable
trans_list: ми́рный | миролюбивый
sense:
Favouring peace rather than conflict; not aggressive, tending to avoid violence (of people, actions etc.). [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/peaceful_coexistence__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peaceful coexistence
trans_list: ми́рное сосуществова́ние
sense:
(politics) A situation where nation-states do not interfere with the domestic affairs of other countries, in order to avoid conflict; mutual non-interference.


lexentry: eng/peacekeeping__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peacekeeping
trans_list: миротво́рчество
sense:
The act of preserving peace, specifically between hostile groups or states, especially by a sanctioned military force. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/peach__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peach
trans_list: персик | [[персиковый|пе́рсиковое]] [[де́рево]] | пе́рсик
sense:
(countable) Any tree of species Prunus persica, native to China and now widely cultivated throughout temperate regions, having pink flowers and edible fruit.


lexentry: eng/peach__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: peach
trans_list: персик | [[персиковый|пе́рсиковое]] [[де́рево]] | пе́рсик
sense:
(countable, uncountable) Soft juicy stone fruit of the peach tree, having yellow flesh, downy, red-tinted yellow skin, and a deeply sculptured pit or stone containing a single seed.


lexentry: eng/peach_fuzz__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peach fuzz
trans_list: пух
sense:
(literally) The fibrous material covering the skin of a peach fruit, e.g. as opposed to the fuzzless skin of a nectarine.


lexentry: eng/peachy__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: peachy
trans_list: безумный
sense:
(colloquial) Very good, excellent, typically used sarcastically to indicate a state of misery, resentment or great frustration.


lexentry: eng/peafowl__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peafowl
trans_list: павли́н
sense:
A bird of the genus Pavo or Afropavo, notable for the extravagant tails of the males; a peacock (unspecified sex).


lexentry: eng/peak__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peak
trans_list: пик | ко́нчик | ма́ксимум | остриё
sense:
A point; the sharp end or top of anything that terminates in a point; as, the peak, or front, of a cap.


lexentry: eng/peak__Noun__1
sense_num: 09
written_rep: peak
trans_list: ма́ксимум | пик
sense:
(mathematics) A local maximum of a function, e.g. for sine waves, each point at which the value of y is at its maximum.


lexentry: eng/peal__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peal
trans_list: гро́хот | звон
sense:
A loud sound, or a succession of loud sounds, as of bells, thunder, cannon, shouts, laughter, of a multitude, etc.


lexentry: eng/peanut_gallery__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: peanut gallery
trans_list: галёрка | дива́нный экспе́рт
sense:
(idiomatic) Any source of heckling, unwelcome commentary or criticism, especially from a know-it-all or of an inexpert nature. May also now refer to general audience response: "Let's hear it from the peanut gallery."


lexentry: eng/pearl-bordered_fritillary__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pearl-bordered fritillary
trans_list: перламу́тровка эвфроси́на
sense:
A medium size, orange and brown butterfly with pearl markings on the under wing, Boloria euphrosyne, of the family Nymphalidae.


lexentry: eng/pearl__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pearl
trans_list: же́мчуг | перл | жемчу́жина
sense:
A shelly concretion, usually rounded, and having a brilliant luster, with varying tints, found in the mantle, or between the mantle and shell, of certain bivalve mollusks, especially in the pearl oysters and river mussels, and sometimes in certain univalves. It is usually due to a secretion of shelly substance around some irritating foreign particle. Its substance is the same as nacre, or mother-of-pearl. Round lustrous pearls are used in jewellery.


lexentry: eng/pearly_penile_papules__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pearly penile papules
trans_list: [[перламу́тровые па́пулы]] ([[головка полового члена|голо́вки полово́го чле́на]])
sense:
(urology) A harmless hereditary anatomical variation consisting of small protuberances that may form on the ridge of the glans of the human penis.


lexentry: eng/peasant__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peasant
trans_list: дехка́нин | дехка́нка | крестья́нин | крестья́нка | мужи́к | селя́нин
sense:
A member of the lowly social class that toils on the land, constituted by small farmers and tenants, sharecroppers, farmhands and other laborers on the land where they form the main labor force in agriculture and horticulture.


lexentry: eng/peat__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peat
trans_list: торф
sense:
Soil formed of dead but not fully decayed plants found in bog areas, often burned as fuel. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/peck__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peck
trans_list: пек
sense:
One quarter of a bushel; a dry measure of eight quarts; equal to approximately 9092 cubic centimeters in the imperial system or 8810 cubic centimeters in the U.S. system.


lexentry: eng/pecking_order__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pecking order
trans_list: неофициа́льная иера́рхия | поря́док клева́ния | сложи́вшийся поря́док подчине́ния
sense:
The usually informal hierarchy of authority or command, often partial or approximate, as determined by the especially natural propensity for domination of different members of a specific group over each other, such as older brothers and sisters over their younger siblings.


lexentry: eng/pectin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pectin
trans_list: пекти́н
sense:
(carbohydrate) A polysaccharide extracted from the cell walls of plants, especially of fruits; under acidic conditions it forms a gel. It is often used in processed foods, especially jellies and jams where it causes thickening (setting).


lexentry: eng/pectineus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pectineus
trans_list: гребе́нчатая мы́шца
sense:
(anatomy) A flat quadrangular muscle, situated at the anterior part of the upper and medial aspect of the thigh, whose primary function is hip flexion.


lexentry: eng/pectoral_sandpiper__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pectoral sandpiper
trans_list: дутыш
sense:
Calidris melanotos, a small migratory wader that breeds in North America and Asia, wintering in South America and Oceania, and eats small invertebrates.


lexentry: eng/pedagogue__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pedagogue
trans_list: педа́нт | педа́нтка
sense:
A pedant; one who by teaching has become overly formal or pedantic in his or her ways; one who has the manner of a teacher.


lexentry: eng/pedal__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pedal
trans_list: педа́ль | педаль
sense:
A lever operated by one's foot that is used to control or power a machine or mechanism, such as a bicycle or piano.


lexentry: eng/pedalo__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pedalo
trans_list: во́дный велосипе́д | педа́ло
sense:
(UK, watercraft) A small boat propelled by pedals that directly turn external paddles, used for recreation.


lexentry: eng/pedestrian_precinct__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pedestrian precinct
trans_list: пешеходная зона
sense:
An area in a town or city intended for pedestrians only, where vehicles (in particular motor vehicles) are not normally allowed.


lexentry: eng/pediatrician__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pediatrician
trans_list: педиа́тр | де́тский врач
sense:
(American spelling) A physician that specializes in pediatrics; the medical care of infants, children, adolescents, and young adults.


lexentry: eng/pediatrics__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pediatrics
trans_list: педиатри́я | педиатрия
sense:
(American spelling, medicine) The branch of medicine that deals with the treatment of children and adolescents.


lexentry: eng/pedicel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pedicel
trans_list: цветоно́жка
sense:
(botany) A stalk of an individual flower (or fruit, e.g., once fertilised) or spore-producing body within a cluster.


lexentry: eng/pedigree__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pedigree
trans_list: родосло́вие | родосло́вная
sense:
A chart, list, or record of ancestors, to show breeding, especially distinguished breeding. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/pediment__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pediment
trans_list: фронто́н | фронтон
sense:
(architectural element) A classical architectural element consisting of a triangular section or gable found above the horizontal superstructure (entablature) which lies immediately upon the columns; fronton.


lexentry: eng/pedipalp__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pedipalp
trans_list: педипа́льпа
sense:
(zoology) Either of a second pair of appendages near the mouth of many arachnids, variously specialized as pincers, sensory or locomotory organs.


lexentry: eng/pedometer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pedometer
trans_list: педо́метр | шагоме́р
sense:
A device, often electronic, that measures the number of steps taken, and thus estimates the distance walked.


lexentry: eng/pedophile__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pedophile
trans_list: педофи́л | педофи́лка
sense:
(by extension, common use) An adult who is sexually attracted to or engages in sexual acts with a child.


lexentry: eng/pedophilia__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pedophilia
trans_list: педофили́я
sense:
(by extension, proscribed) Sexual activity between adults and children; the act of child molestation.


lexentry: eng/peduncle__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: peduncle
trans_list: метловище
sense:
(anatomy) In vertebrates, the base of any relatively massive anatomical member connected to the body by a narrower section. Cf. caudal peduncle of fishes.


lexentry: eng/peekaboo__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peekaboo
trans_list: ку-ку́
sense:
(games) A game for a small child in which one covers one's face, then suddenly reveals it, saying "Boo!" or "Peekaboo!".


lexentry: eng/peel__Noun__3
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peel
trans_list: лопа́та
sense:
A shovel or similar instrument, now especially a pole with a flat disc at the end used for removing pizza or loaves of bread from a baker's oven.


lexentry: eng/peep__Verb__2
sense_num: 02
written_rep: peep
trans_list: загля́дывать | подгля́дывать
sense:
(intransitive, dated) To begin to appear; to look forth from concealment; to make the first appearance.


lexentry: eng/peephole__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peephole
trans_list: глазо́к | смотрова́я щель | смотрово́е отве́рстие
sense:
A small hole, opening, or piece of glass, especially in a door, through which one can look without being seen.


lexentry: eng/peeping_tom__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peeping tom
trans_list: вуайери́ст | вуайери́стка | вуайёр | подгля́дывающий | согляда́тай
sense:
A person who watches another without the other's permission and usually without the other's knowledge, especially for the purpose of deriving sexual pleasure from the sight of the other.


lexentry: eng/peepshow__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: peepshow
trans_list: пип-шо́у | пипшо́у
sense:
A titillating or pornographic display viewed through a small slot, generally equipped with a timer to automatically close the slot when payment has expired.


lexentry: eng/peer__Noun__2
sense_num: 03
written_rep: peer
trans_list: дворя́нка | дворяни́н | пэр
sense:
A noble with a title, i.e., a peerage, and in times past, with certain rights and privileges not enjoyed by commoners.


lexentry: eng/peer_review__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peer review
trans_list: рецензи́рование
sense:
(education) The scholarly process whereby manuscripts intended to be published in an academic journal are reviewed by independent researchers (referees) to evaluate the contribution, i.e. the importance, novelty and accuracy of the manuscript's contents.


lexentry: eng/peignoir__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peignoir
trans_list: пеньюа́р
sense:
A long outer garment for women, usually sheer and made of chiffon and often sold with matching nightgown, negligee or underwear.


lexentry: eng/pejoratively__Adverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pejoratively
trans_list: уничижительно
sense:
In a pejorative manner. Insultingly, disparagingly; so as to belittle another or harm their reputation.


lexentry: eng/pellagra__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pellagra
trans_list: пелла́гра | пеллагра
sense:
(pathology) A disease characterised by skin lesions and mental confusion, primarily caused by a niacin deficiency. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/pellet__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: pellet
trans_list: пога́дка
sense:
Compressed byproduct of digestion regurgitated by owls and many other birds of prey, which serves as a waste disposal mechanism for indigestible parts of food, such as fur and bones.


lexentry: eng/peloton__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peloton
trans_list: пелото́н
sense:
(cycle racing) A group of riders formed during a cycling road race; especially, the main group of riders; the pack.


lexentry: eng/pelt__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pelt
trans_list: ко́жа | шку́ра
sense:
The skin of an animal with the hair or wool on; either a raw or undressed hide, or a skin preserved with the hair or wool on it (sometimes worn as a garment with minimal modification).


lexentry: eng/pelvic_floor__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pelvic floor
trans_list: диафра́гма та́за
sense:
(anatomy) A muscular partition, formed by the muscle fibers of the levator ani, the coccygeus, and associated connective tissue, which spans the area underneath the pelvis.


lexentry: eng/pelvis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pelvis
trans_list: таз
sense:
(anatomy) The large compound bone structure at the base of the spine that supports the legs in hominids.


lexentry: eng/pemmican__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pemmican
trans_list: пеммика́н
sense:
A food made from meat which has been dried and beaten into a paste, mixed with berries and rendered fat, and shaped into little patties. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/pen__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pen
trans_list: автору́чка | перо́ | ру́чка | ша́риковая ру́чка
sense:
A tool, originally made from a feather but now usually a small tubular instrument, containing ink used to write or make marks.


lexentry: eng/pen__Noun__2
sense_num: 06
written_rep: pen
trans_list: перо́
sense:
(now, rare, poetic, dialectal) A feather, especially one of the flight feathers of a bird, angel etc.


lexentry: eng/penal_colony__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: penal colony
trans_list: [[исправительный|исправи́тельная]] [[коло́ния]] | [[штрафной|штрафна́я]] [[коло́ния]]
sense:
A colonial territory used (mainly) for the detention and forced labor of deportees, typically where free labor is desperately scarce.


lexentry: eng/penalty__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: penalty
trans_list: штраф | [[штрафно́й]] [[бросо́к]] | булли́т
sense:
(ice hockey) A punishment for an infraction of the rules, often in the form of being removed from play for a specified amount of time.


lexentry: eng/penalty_area__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: penalty area
trans_list: штрафна́я | штрафна́я пло́щадь
sense:
(football, futsal) An area of a pitch or field, inside which a penalty is given to the offensive team if a foul is made by the defensive team.


lexentry: eng/penalty_box__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: penalty box
trans_list: скаме́йка для оштрафованных игроков | скаме́йка для плохих парней | скаме́йка штрафников
sense:
(ice hockey) An enclosed bench where a player must remain for timed period (a penalty) that is assessed after an infraction.


lexentry: eng/penalty_kick__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: penalty kick
trans_list: [[одиннадцатиметро́вый]] [[уда́р]] | одиннадцатиметро́вка | пена́льти
sense:
(soccer) A form of direct free kick, taken from the penalty spot after a defensive foul in the penalty box, with only the goalkeeper defending the goal.


lexentry: eng/penalty_kick__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: penalty kick
trans_list: штрафно́й уда́р
sense:
(rugby) A form of free kick in which the ball may be kicked towards touch, towards the goal or dribbled.


lexentry: eng/penalty_shootout__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: penalty shootout
trans_list: се́рия послематчевых пена́льти
sense:
(football, field hockey) A series of penalties (penalty kicks in soccer), taken to decide a winner after a game has resulted in a tie and extra time has been played.


lexentry: eng/penalty_shot__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: penalty shot
trans_list: одиннадцатиметровый удар
sense:
(ice hockey) A penalty awarded when a team loses a clear scoring opportunity on a breakaway because of a foul committed by an opposing player. A player from the non-offending team is given an attempt to score a goal without opposition from any defending players except the goaltender.


lexentry: eng/penance__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: penance
trans_list: искупле́ние
sense:
A voluntary self-imposed punishment for a sinful act or wrongdoing. It may be intended to serve as reparation for the act.


lexentry: eng/pencil__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pencil
trans_list: карандаш | каранда́ш
sense:
A writing utensil with a graphite (commonly referred to as lead) shaft, usually blended with clay, clad in wood, and sharpened to a taper. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/pencil_lead__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pencil lead
trans_list: графи́т | гри́фель
sense:
The material (usually black or dark gray) which allows a pencil to work. Usually a mixture of graphite and smaller amounts of other material, but not actual lead.


lexentry: eng/pencil_pusher__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pencil pusher
trans_list: канцеля́рская кры́са | черни́льная душа́
sense:
(informal, often, derogatory) One who does routine office work; someone involved mainly in paperwork.


lexentry: eng/pendant__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pendant
trans_list: брело́к | куло́н | подве́ска
sense:
A piece of jewellery which hangs down as an ornament, especially worn on a chain around the neck. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/pendeloque__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pendeloque
trans_list: подве́ска
sense:
(also, attributive) A drop-shaped diamond or other gem used as a pendant; also, a piece of jewellery in pendant form. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/pendentive__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pendentive
trans_list: парус
sense:
(architecture) The concave triangular sections of vaulting that provide the transition between a dome and the square base on which it is set and transfer the weight of the dome.


lexentry: eng/penduline_tit__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: penduline tit
trans_list: ремезовые
sense:
Any of the family of small passerine birds Remizidae, which nearly all make nests which hang from trees; found in Eurasia, Africa, and North America.


lexentry: eng/pendulum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pendulum
trans_list: ма́ятник | маятник
sense:
(clocks, mechanics) A body suspended from a fixed support so that it swings freely back and forth under the influence of gravity, commonly used to regulate various devices such as clocks.


lexentry: eng/penguin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: penguin
trans_list: пингвин | пингви́н
sense:
Any of several flightless sea birds, of the family Spheniscidae within the order Sphenisciformes, found in the Southern Hemisphere, marked by their usual upright stance, walking on short legs, and (generally) their stark black and white plumage. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/penicillin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: penicillin
trans_list: пеницилли́н | пенициллин
sense:
(pharmaceutical drug) Any of a group of narrow-spectrum antibiotics obtained from Penicillium molds or synthesized, that have a beta-lactam structure and are active against gram-positive bacteria and used in the treatment of various infections and diseases.


lexentry: eng/penitente__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: penitente
trans_list: кальгаспор
sense:
A tall thin blade of hardened snow or ice, found closely spaced in large quantities at high altitudes.


lexentry: eng/penitentiary__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
sense: (chiefly, US) A state or federal prison for convicted felons; (broadly) a prison.
written_rep: penitentiary
trans_list:
[[исправи́тельный]] дом | [[исправительный|исправи́тельная]] [[коло́ния]] | пенитенциа́рий | тюрьма́


lexentry: eng/penny__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: penny
trans_list: пе́нни | пенс
sense:
(historical) In the United Kingdom and Ireland and many other countries, a unit of currency worth 1⁄240 of a pound sterling or Irish pound before decimalisation, or a copper coin worth this amount. Abbreviation: d.


lexentry: eng/pennyroyal__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pennyroyal
trans_list: мя́та бло́шница | мя́та боло́тная
sense:
Mentha pulegium, a plant of the mint family, formerly much used in various medicinal treatments and as a flea repellent.


lexentry: eng/pennywhistle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pennywhistle
trans_list: свисту́лька
sense:
(music) A six-holed flute-like instrument with a fipple. They have approximately a two octave range (sometimes a little higher). Stereotypically, they are made out of tin, but in reality they come in all sorts of varieties, including tin, brass, nickel, cane, polymer, etc.


lexentry: eng/pension__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pension
trans_list: пе́нсия | посо́бие | пенсия
sense:
(finance) An annuity paid regularly as benefit due to a retired employee, serviceman etc. in consideration of past services, originally and chiefly by a government but also by various private pension schemes. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/pension__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: pension
trans_list: посо́бие
sense:
(now, _, historical) A regular allowance paid to support a royal favourite, or as patronage of an artist or scholar. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/pension__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pension
trans_list: пансиона́т | пансио́н
sense:
A boarding house or small hotel, especially in continental Europe, which typically offers lodging and certain meals and services. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/pension_fund__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pension fund
trans_list: пенсио́нный фонд
sense:
A pool of assets forming an independent legal entity that are bought with the contributions to a pension plan for the exclusive purpose of financing pension plan benefits.


lexentry: eng/pentagram__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pentagram
trans_list: пентагра́мма | пентаграмма
sense:
The shape of a five-pointed star constructed of five intersecting lines meeting at the vertices, such that a central pentagon and five surrounding isosceles triangles are formed; often with magical connotations; a 5/2 (or 5/3) star polygon.


lexentry: eng/pentakis_dodecahedron__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pentakis dodecahedron
trans_list: пентакисдодекаэдр
sense:
(mathematics) A Catalan solid equivalent to a dodecahedron with a pentagonal pyramid covering each face


lexentry: eng/pentalogy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pentalogy
trans_list: пентало́гия | пенталогия
sense:
A set of five works of art that are connected, and that can be seen either as a single work or as five individual works.


lexentry: eng/pentane__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pentane
trans_list: пента́н
sense:
(organic compound) An aliphatic hydrocarbon of chemical formula C5H12; either of the three isomers n-pentane, methyl-butane (isopentane), and di-methyl-propane (neopentane); volatile liquids under normal conditions.


lexentry: eng/pentathlon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pentathlon
trans_list: пятибо́рье
sense:
An ancient athletics discipline, featuring five events: stadion, wrestling, long jump, javelin and discus


lexentry: eng/pentathlon__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pentathlon
trans_list: пятибо́рье
sense:
(athletics) Ellipsis of women's pentathlon (“a 20th-century athletics discipline for women, the women's counterpart of the men's decathlon, the predecessor to the women's heptathlon, featuring five events: hurdles, shot put, high jump, long jump, and a run”).


lexentry: eng/pentathlon__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: pentathlon
trans_list: пятибо́рье
sense:
(athletics) Ellipsis of modern pentathlon, a discipline with five events based on late-19th century basic military skills.


lexentry: eng/penthouse__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: penthouse
trans_list: [[наве́с]] (над дверями) | [[пристро́йка]] (с односкатной крышей) | тент | фли́гель
sense:
(now, historical) A structure or annexe (especially one with a sloping roof) extending from the side of a building, sometimes as protection from the weather. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/penthouse__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: penthouse
trans_list: надстро́йка | пентха́ус
sense:
An apartment or suite found on an upper floor, or floors, of a tall building, especially one that is expensive or luxurious with panoramic views. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/pentice__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: pentice
trans_list: навес
sense:
(mining) An unexcavated portion of a shaftway, intended to afford protection from falling debris to workers at the bottom of the shaft during certain stages of mining.


lexentry: eng/pentode__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pentode
trans_list: пентод
sense:
A thermionic valve similar to a tetrode with the addition of a third grid, the suppressor grid to reduce the secondary emission effect; was/is used in high quality audio and radio products.


lexentry: eng/penultimate__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: penultimate
trans_list: предпосле́дний | предпоследний
sense:
(UK, in, _, US, _, usually, formal) Next to last, second to last; immediately preceding the end of a sequence, list, etc.


lexentry: eng/people's__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: people's
trans_list: наро́дный
sense:
In certain socialist states: of, from, or controlled (at least in name) by the common people rather than a ruling elite.


lexentry: eng/people's_house__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: people's house
trans_list: наро́дный дом
sense:
(historical) A leisure and cultural centre built with the intention of making art and cultural appreciation available to the working classes.


lexentry: eng/people__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: people
trans_list: наро́д | на́ция | народ
sense:
(countable, collective) Persons forming or belonging to a particular group, such as a nation, class, ethnic group, country, family, etc.


lexentry: eng/people__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: people
trans_list: лю́ди | люди
sense:
A group of persons regarded as being servants, followers, companions or subjects of a ruler or leader.


lexentry: eng/people__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: people
trans_list: наро́д | люд | народ
sense:
The mass of a community as distinguished from a special class (elite); the commonalty; the populace; the vulgar; the common crowd; the citizens.


lexentry: eng/pepino_melon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pepino melon
trans_list: ды́нная гру́ша | пепи́но
sense:
A South American plant in the nightshade family Solanaceae, cultivated for its melon-like fruit, Solanum muricatum.


lexentry: eng/pepo__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pepo
trans_list: ты́ква
sense:
A fruit of plants of the gourd family Cucurbitaceae, possessing a hard rind and producing many seeds in a single, central, pulpy chamber.


lexentry: eng/pepper__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: pepper
trans_list: пе́рец | болга́рский пе́рец
sense:
(UK, US, Ireland, and, Canada) A fruit of the capsicum plant: red, green, yellow or white, hollow and containing seeds, and in a wide range of mild (sweet, nonspicy) to hot (spicy) varieties.


lexentry: eng/pepper_mill__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pepper mill
trans_list: перцемо́лка
sense:
A small handheld grinder containing a supply of peppercorns for grinding fresh at the table or in the kitchen.


lexentry: eng/pepper_shaker__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pepper shaker
trans_list: пе́речница
sense:
A small container designed to hold pepper and facilitate sprinkling it on food for seasoning purposes.


lexentry: eng/pepper_tree__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pepper tree
trans_list: ши́нус
sense:
Any of the South American trees in the genus Schinus, which have small fruits that have been used as a substitute for black pepper.


lexentry: eng/peppermint__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peppermint
trans_list: мя́та | пе́речная мя́та
sense:
A hybrid herb of the mint family (Mentha × piperita), formed by crossing watermint and spearmint, which has a high menthol content and a sharp flavor and is used in cooking, especially in herb teas and in confections. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/peppermint__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: peppermint
trans_list: мя́та | пе́речная мя́та
sense:
(countable) Any of various sweets containing extract of the peppermint herb; peppermint confectionery. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/peppermint_oil__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peppermint oil
trans_list: масло мяты перечной
sense:
oil derived from the leaves of the peppermint plant Mentha × piperita, which is used for a number of purposes.


lexentry: eng/pepperwort__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pepperwort
trans_list: клопо́вник
sense:
Any of several species of perennial plant in the genus Lepidium (originally specifically dittander, species Lepidium latifolium), which is a member of the mustard and cabbage family. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/pepsin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pepsin
trans_list: пепси́н | пепсин
sense:
(enzyme) A digestive enzyme that chemically digests, or breaks down, proteins into shorter chains of amino acids.


lexentry: eng/peptide__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peptide
trans_list: пепти́д
sense:
(organic compound) Any of a class of organic compounds consisting of various numbers of amino acids in which the amine of one is reacted with the carboxylic acid of the next to form an amide bond.


lexentry: eng/per_fess__Adverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: per fess
trans_list: купе
sense:
(heraldry) (Partitioned) horizontally; (especially) partitioned horizontally into two halves (formally party per fess).


lexentry: eng/per_pale__Adverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: per pale
trans_list: партия
sense:
(heraldry) (Partitioned) vertically; (especially) partitioned vertically into two halves (formally party per pale).


lexentry: eng/percale__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: percale
trans_list: перка́ль | перкаль
sense:
(textiles) A fine, closely woven fabric, made from cotton, polyester or a mix of these, and used for sheets and clothing.


lexentry: eng/percentile__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: percentile
trans_list: перцентиль | процентиль | центиль
sense:
(statistics) Any of the ninety-nine points that divide an ordered distribution into one hundred parts, each containing one per cent of the population.


lexentry: eng/percontation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: percontation
trans_list: анкета
sense:
(formal, rare, or, obsolete) A question which cannot properly be given a one-word answer like “yes” or “no”. [from early 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/percussion__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: percussion
trans_list: уда́рный инструме́нт
sense:
(music) The section of an orchestra or band containing percussion instruments; such instruments considered as a group; in bands, may be separate from drum kits.


lexentry: eng/percussion_cap__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: percussion cap
trans_list: ка́псюль | писто́н
sense:
a metal cap found on muzzleloading firearms that contains chemical substances such as fulminate that explode upon impact


lexentry: eng/percussion_instrument__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: percussion instrument
trans_list: уда́рный инструме́нт
sense:
(musical instruments) An instrument in which the sound is produced by striking, scraping or shaking an object.


lexentry: eng/percussionist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: percussionist
trans_list: уда́рник | уда́рница
sense:
A trained musician who plays percussion instruments, as opposed to a drummer who lacks formal training.


lexentry: eng/peregrinate__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peregrinate
trans_list: путеше́ствовать
sense:
(intransitive) To travel from place to place, or from one country to another, especially on foot; hence, to sojourn in foreign countries.


lexentry: eng/peremptory__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: peremptory
trans_list: догмати́ческий
sense:
Positive in opinion or judgment; absolutely certain, overconfident, unwilling to hear any debate or argument (especially in a pejorative sense); dogmatic.


lexentry: eng/perennial__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: perennial
trans_list: ве́чный | постоя́нный
sense:
Continuing without cessation or intermission for several years, or for an undetermined or infinite period; neverending or never failing; perpetual, unceasing.


lexentry: eng/perennial__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: perennial
trans_list: многоле́тний
sense:
(botany) Of a plant: active throughout the year, or having a life cycle of more than two growing seasons.


lexentry: eng/perennial__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: perennial
trans_list: многолетнее [[расте́ние]]
sense:
(botany) A plant that is active throughout the year, or has a life cycle of more than two growing seasons.


lexentry: eng/perestroika__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: perestroika
trans_list: перестро́йка | перестройка
sense:
(historical, uncountable) A program of political and economic reform carried out in the Soviet Union in the 1980s and early 1990s under the leadership of Mikhail Gorbachev.


lexentry: eng/perfect_fifth__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: perfect fifth
trans_list: чи́стая кви́нта
sense:
(music) An interval equal to that of between the second and third harmonics of the harmonic series. In twelve-tone equal temperament, it spans seven semitones or five degrees of the diatonic scale.


lexentry: eng/perfect_pitch__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: perfect pitch
trans_list: абсолю́тный слух
sense:
(music, uncountable) The ability to identify a note by name on hearing it, or to re-create a specified note from memory, without the benefit of an externally provided reference pitch.


lexentry: eng/perfect_tense__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: perfect tense
trans_list: перфе́кт | соверше́нное вре́мя
sense:
A verb form indicating that an action or state has been completed at the present time, in the past, or shall be completed in the future.


lexentry: eng/perfection__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: perfection
trans_list: соверше́нство | совершенство
sense:
The quality or state of being perfect or complete, so that nothing substandard remains; the highest attainable state or degree of excellence.


lexentry: eng/perfectionist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: perfectionist
trans_list: перфекциони́ст | перфекциони́стка
sense:
Someone who is unwilling to settle for anything that is not perfect or does not meet extremely high standards. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/perfective_aspect__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: perfective aspect
trans_list: соверше́нный вид
sense:
(grammar) A feature of the verb which denotes viewing the event the verb describes as a completed whole, rather than from within the event as it unfolds. For example, "she sat down" as opposed to "she was sitting down". Since the focus is on the completion of what is expressed by the verb, this aspect is generally associated with the past and future tenses. This term is often used interchangeably with aorist aspect. This is not to be confused with the perfect tense.


lexentry: eng/perfidious__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: perfidious
trans_list: вероло́мный | кова́рный | преда́тельский
sense:
Of, pertaining to, or representing perfidy; disloyal to what should command one's fidelity or allegiance. [from late 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/perfidy__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: perfidy
trans_list: вероло́мство
sense:
(international law, in warfare) An illegitimate act of deception, such as using symbols like the Red Cross or white flag in a false claim of surrender to gain proximity to an enemy for purposes of attack.


lexentry: eng/perform__Verb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: perform
trans_list: выступа́ть | вы́ступить | вы́полнить | выполня́ть | игра́ть | испо́лнить
sense:
(ambitransitive) To do (something) in front of an audience, such as acting or music, often in order to entertain.


lexentry: eng/performance__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: performance
trans_list: выполне́ние | исполне́ние
sense:
The act of performing; carrying into execution or action; execution; achievement; accomplishment; representation by action.


lexentry: eng/performance__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: performance
trans_list: де́йствие | посту́пок
sense:
That which is performed or accomplished; a thing done or carried through; an achievement; a deed; an act; a feat; especially, an action of an elaborate or public character.


lexentry: eng/performance_art__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: performance art
trans_list: перфо́манс | перфо́рманс
sense:
(arts) A form of art in which the artist creates a live performance, often using a variety of media.


lexentry: eng/performance_bond__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: performance bond
trans_list: гара́нтия исполне́ния обяза́тельств
sense:
(legal) A contractor's bond, guaranteeing that the contractor will perform the contract and providing that, in the event of default, the surety may complete the contract or pay damages up to the bond limit.


lexentry: eng/perfume__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: perfume
trans_list: арома́т | благоуха́ние | духи́ | парфю́м
sense:
A pleasant smell; the scent, odor, or odoriferous particles emitted from a sweet-smelling substance; a pleasant odor.


lexentry: eng/pergola__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pergola
trans_list: бесе́дка | наве́с | пе́ргола
sense:
A framework in the form of a passageway of columns that supports a trelliswork roof; used to support and train climbing plants.


lexentry: eng/peridotite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peridotite
trans_list: перидотит
sense:
(geology) A rock consisting of small crystals of olivine, pyroxene and hornblende; the major constituent of the Earth's mantle.


lexentry: eng/perigee__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: perigee
trans_list: периге́й
sense:
(astronomy) The point, in an orbit about the Earth, that is closest to the Earth: the periapsis of an Earth orbiter.


lexentry: eng/perihelion__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: perihelion
trans_list: периге́лий | перигелий
sense:
(astronomy) The point in the elliptical orbit of a comet, planet, etc., where it is nearest to the Sun.


lexentry: eng/perilla__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: perilla
trans_list: пери́лла | судза́
sense:
An East Asian herb with flavorful leaves used in cooking and as a garnish, Perilla frutescens. Also grown for the seeds, which contain an edible and industrially-useful oil.


lexentry: eng/perimenopause__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: perimenopause
trans_list: перименопауза
sense:
The physiological stage that women approaching menopause go through when, due to hormonal changes, they progress from their usual pattern of menstruation through a phase of atypical menstruation, and finally cease menstruating. Perimenopause ends when a woman has not menstruated for a year.


lexentry: eng/period__Interjection__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: period
trans_list: и то́чка
sense:
(chiefly, North America) That's final; that's the end of the matter (analogous to a period ending a sentence); end of story.


lexentry: eng/period__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: period
trans_list: то́чка
sense:
(now, chiefly, North America, Philippines) The punctuation mark “.” (indicating the ending of a sentence or marking an abbreviation).


lexentry: eng/period__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: period
trans_list: пери́од | цикл | промежу́ток
sense:
The length of time during which the same characteristics of a periodic phenomenon recur, such as the repetition of a wave or the rotation of a planet. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/period__Noun__1
sense_num: 16
written_rep: period
trans_list: пери́од | уро́к
sense:
(geology) A geochronologic unit of millions to tens of millions of years; a subdivision of an era, and subdivided into epochs.


lexentry: eng/periodic_table__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: periodic table
sense:
(chemistry) A tabular chart of the chemical elements according to their atomic numbers so that elements with similar properties are in the same group (column).

trans_list:
периоди́ческая систе́ма | периоди́ческая систе́ма элеме́нтов | периоди́ческая табли́ца | табли́ца Менделе́ева


lexentry: eng/periodical__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: periodical
trans_list: журна́л | перио́дика | периоди́ческое изда́ние
sense:
A regularly issued thematic publication that contains the most current information in its field, often the primary means for communication of original scholarship or creative work at the cutting edge of research in its field.


lexentry: eng/periodontitis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: periodontitis
trans_list: пародонтоз
sense:
(dentistry, periodontology) A serious form or stage of periodontal disease which may lead to loss of bone and falling out of teeth.


lexentry: eng/peripheral_device__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peripheral device
trans_list: перифери́йное устро́йство
sense:
(computer hardware) An electronic device that is outside the computer's system unit (external to the computer's enclosing case), but used by the computer to which it is connected, such as a printer or a scanner.


lexentry: eng/periphrasis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: periphrasis
trans_list: перифра́з | перифра́за
sense:
The use of a longer expression instead of a shorter one with a similar meaning, for example "I am going to" instead of "I will".


lexentry: eng/periscope__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: periscope
trans_list: периско́п | перископ
sense:
A form of viewing device that allows the viewer to see things at a different height level and usually with minimal visibility.


lexentry: eng/peristalsis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peristalsis
trans_list: периста́льтика
sense:
(medicine) The rhythmic, wave-like contraction and relaxation of muscles so as to propagate motion, as of food in the digestive tract.


lexentry: eng/peristyle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peristyle
trans_list: перисти́ль
sense:
A colonnade surrounding a courtyard, temple, etc., or the yard enclosed by such columns. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/peritoneal_dialysis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peritoneal dialysis
trans_list: перитонеа́льный диа́лиз
sense:
(medicine) A treatment for patients with severe chronic kidney disease in which fluids are exchanged from the blood in the patient's peritoneum in the abdomen.


lexentry: eng/peritoneum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peritoneum
trans_list: брюши́на | брюшина
sense:
(anatomy) In mammals, the serous membrane lining the cavity of the abdomen and that is folded over the viscera.


lexentry: eng/peritonitis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peritonitis
trans_list: перитони́т
sense:
(pathology) Inflammation of the peritoneum, especially when caused by an infectious organism introduced into the abdominal cavity.


lexentry: eng/permaculture__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: permaculture
trans_list: пермакультура
sense:
(agriculture) Any system of sustainable agriculture that renews natural resources and enriches local ecosystems. [from 1978]


lexentry: eng/permanent__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: permanent
trans_list: зави́вка | пермане́нт
sense:
A chemical hair treatment imparting or removing curliness, whose effects typically last for a period of weeks; a perm.


lexentry: eng/permanent_residency__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: permanent residency
trans_list: вид на жи́тельство
sense:
A visa status which allows a person to reside indefinitely in a foreign country without acquiring citizenship in that country


lexentry: eng/permanent_resident__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: permanent resident
trans_list: [[постоя́нный]] [[жи́тель]] | [[постоянный|постоя́нная]] [[жи́тельница]]
sense:
A person with permanent residency, a visa status which allows that person to reside indefinitely in a foreign country without acquiring citizenship in that country.


lexentry: eng/permeability__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: permeability
trans_list: проницаемость
sense:
(physics) A quantitative measure of the degree of magnetization of a material in the presence of an applied magnetic field (measured in newtons per ampere squared in SI units).


lexentry: eng/permeable__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: permeable
trans_list: проницаемый | пропускающий | дышащий
sense:
(by extension) Allowing the passage of persons, information, or other things, especially when such passage occurs despite hopes or expectations otherwise.


lexentry: eng/permeate__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: permeate
trans_list: прони́зывать | проника́ть | пропи́тывать | проса́чиваться
sense:
(transitive) To pass through the pores or interstices of; to penetrate and pass through without causing rupture or displacement; applied especially to fluids which pass through substances of loose texture


lexentry: eng/permutation__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: permutation
trans_list: пермута́ция
sense:
(music) A transformation of a set's prime form, by applying one or more of certain operations, specifically, transposition, inversion, and retrograde.


lexentry: eng/pernoctation__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: pernoctation
trans_list: ночное бде́ние
sense:
(countable, religion, chiefly, Christianity, obsolete) A religious watch kept during normal sleeping hours, during which prayers or other ceremonies are performed; a vigil.


lexentry: eng/perorate__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: perorate
trans_list: ора́торствовать
sense:
(intransitive) To speak or declaim at great length, especially in a pompous or grandiloquent manner; to harangue.


lexentry: eng/peroration__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peroration
trans_list: резюме
sense:
The concluding section of a discourse, either written or oral, in which the orator or writer sums up and commends his topic to his audience, particularly as used in the technical sense of a component of ancient Roman oratorical delivery.


lexentry: eng/peroxide__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peroxide
trans_list: пе́рекись | перокси́д
sense:
(inorganic chemistry) A divalent radical or anion containing two oxygen atoms linked by a covalent bond; any substance containing this group yields hydrogen peroxide when treated with an acid.


lexentry: eng/perpetual_motion_machine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: perpetual motion machine
trans_list: вечный двигатель
sense:
(physics, pseudoscience) A hypothetical, pseudoscientific device that exhibits perpetual motion, especially one that does useful work with no input of energy.


lexentry: eng/perpetuate__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: perpetuate
trans_list: увекове́чивать | увекове́чить
sense:
(transitive) To make (something) perpetual; to make (something) continue for an indefinite time; also, to preserve (something) from extinction or oblivion.


lexentry: eng/persecute__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: persecute
trans_list: [[подверга́ть]] [[гонение|гоне́ниям]] | пресле́довать
sense:
To pursue in a manner to do harm or cruelty to; especially, because of the victim's race, sexual identity, or adherence to a particular belief.


lexentry: eng/persevere__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: persevere
trans_list: добива́ться
sense:
(intransitive) To persist steadfastly in pursuit of an undertaking, task, journey, or goal, even if hindered by distraction, difficulty, obstacles, or discouragement.


lexentry: eng/persimmon__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: persimmon
trans_list: хурма́
sense:
The tree this fruit grows on, generally one of two species of ebony: Diospyros kaki (Asian) or Diospyros virginiana (North American).


lexentry: eng/persistent__Adjective__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: persistent
trans_list: постоя́нный
sense:
(computing) Of data or a data structure: not transient or temporary, but remaining in existence after the termination of the program that creates it.


lexentry: eng/person-to-person__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: person-to-person
trans_list: лицо
sense:
(of a telephone call) Such that the caller is only connected and charged if the person he specified is available to speak.


lexentry: eng/person__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: person
trans_list: челове́к | человек | лицо
sense:
(in a compound noun or noun phrase) A human of unspecified gender (in terms usually constructed with man or woman).


lexentry: eng/person__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: person
trans_list: геро́й | герои́ня | де́йствующее лицо́ | персона́ж
sense:
A character or part, as in a play; a specific kind or manifestation of individual character, whether in real life, or in literary or dramatic representation; an assumed character.


lexentry: eng/person__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: person
trans_list: лицо́ | лицо | человек
sense:
(grammar) A linguistic category used to distinguish between the speaker of an utterance and those to whom or about whom they are speaking. See grammatical person. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/personal__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: personal
trans_list: ли́чный | персона́льный | личный
sense:
Of or pertaining to a particular person; relating to, or affecting, an individual, or each of many individuals


lexentry: eng/personal_effect__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: personal effect
trans_list: личная вещь
sense:
(usually, in the plural) An item of personal property that one carries on one's person, including identification, jewelry, and clothing.


lexentry: eng/personal_hygiene__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: personal hygiene
trans_list: ли́чная гигие́на
sense:
(health sciences) The hygienic measures concerning a person's bodily condition, notably external cleanliness.


lexentry: eng/personal_lubricant__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: personal lubricant
trans_list: лубрика́нт
sense:
Any lubricant used during human sexual activity to reduce friction between body parts, or between body parts and other objects.


lexentry: eng/personal_space__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: personal space
trans_list: диста́нция | личное простра́нство
sense:
The physical space closely surrounding a person, which can lead to discomfort, anger or anxiety if encroached on.


lexentry: eng/personality__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: personality
trans_list: ли́чность | индивидуа́льность
sense:
(of people) A set of non-physical psychological and social qualities that make one person distinct from another.


lexentry: eng/personality_disorder__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: personality disorder
trans_list: ли́чностное расстро́йство | расстро́йство ли́чности
sense:
(psychiatry) Any of a class of mental disorders characterized by ongoing rigid patterns of thought and action.


lexentry: eng/personify__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: personify
trans_list: воплоща́ть | олицетворя́ть
sense:
(transitive) To create a representation of (an abstract quality) in the form of a character or persona.


lexentry: eng/personnel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: personnel
trans_list: ли́чный соста́в | персона́л
sense:
Collection of people in an organization, such as employees and office staff, members of the military, etc.


lexentry: eng/perspective__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: perspective
trans_list: перспекти́ва
sense:
(figuratively) The choice of a single angle or point of view from which to sense, categorize, measure or codify experience.


lexentry: eng/persuade__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: persuade
trans_list: убеди́ть | убежда́ть | угова́ривать | уговори́ть
sense:
(transitive, now, rare, regional) To urge, plead; to try to convince (someone to do something). [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/persuasion__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: persuasion
trans_list: убежде́ние | уговор
sense:
The act of persuading, or trying to do so; the addressing of arguments to someone with the intention of changing their mind or convincing them of a certain point of view, course of action etc. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/persuasion__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: persuasion
trans_list: убежде́ние
sense:
(euphemism) All activity attempting to influence or control others' behavior or profession of beliefs, from convincing to threatening, assault, or battery.


lexentry: eng/persuasiveness__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: persuasiveness
trans_list: убеди́тельность
sense:
The capability of a person or argument to convince or persuade someone to accept a desired way of thinking.


lexentry: eng/perturbation__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: perturbation
trans_list: пертурбация
sense:
(countable) A small change in a physical system, or more broadly any definable system (such as a biological or economic system)


lexentry: eng/peruke__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peruke
trans_list: пари́к
sense:
A wig, especially one with long hair on the sides and back, worn mainly by men in the 17th and 18th centuries.


lexentry: eng/pervert__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pervert
trans_list: дегенера́т
sense:
(dated) One who has been perverted; one who has turned to error, or adopted a twisted sense of values or morals.


lexentry: eng/peryton__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peryton
trans_list: перито́н
sense:
A fictional creature having the head and forelegs of a stag and the wings and hindquarters of a bird. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/peso__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peso
trans_list: пе́со
sense:
(historical) A former unit of currency in Spain and Spain's colonies, worth 8 reales; the Spanish dollar.


lexentry: eng/pesticide__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pesticide
trans_list: пестици́д | пестициды
sense:
Anything, especially a synthetic substance but also any substance (e.g. sulfur), or virus, bacterium, or other organism, which kills or suppresses the activities of pests.


lexentry: eng/pesto__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pesto
trans_list: пе́сто
sense:
A sauce, especially for pasta, originating from the Genoa region in Italy, made from basil, garlic, pine nuts, olive oil and cheese (usually pecorino).


lexentry: eng/pet_door__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pet door
trans_list: [[кошачий|коша́чья]] дверь | [[собачий|соба́чья]] дверь
sense:
An opening in a door for pets to come in and out of the house without requiring a human to open the door.


lexentry: eng/pet_shop__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pet shop
trans_list: зоомагази́н
sense:
A shop that sells animals kept as domestic pets, and products for caring for and feeding them. [from 1927]


lexentry: eng/peta-__Prefix__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peta-
trans_list: пета-
sense:
In the metric system, multiplying the unit to which it is attached by 1015 (a short scale quadrillion or long scale billiard). Symbol: P


lexentry: eng/petal__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: petal
trans_list: лепесто́к | лепесток
sense:
(botany) One of the component parts of the corolla of a flower. It applies particularly, but not necessarily only, when the corolla consists of separate parts, that is when the petals are not connately fused. Petals are often brightly colored.


lexentry: eng/petasus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: petasus
trans_list: петас
sense:
(historical) A broad-brimmed, low-crowned hat worn by the Ancient Greeks and Romans, especially for travelling, and as often pictured to be worn by Hermes (or Mercury); (later also) the brimless winged cap worn by Hermes in later artistic depictions. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/peter_out__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peter out
trans_list: вы́дохнуться | выдыха́ться
sense:
(intransitive, originally, US) Synonym of peter (“to diminish to nothing, (originally) to refer to a vein of ore”).


lexentry: eng/petit_mal__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: petit mal
trans_list: ма́лый эпилепти́ческий припа́док
sense:
(neurology) A form of epilepsy where the seizures are characterized as minor, the person becomes vacant or unaware, but not involving spasms and unconsciousness. These seizures are usually brief, lasting up to 30 seconds, and may include twitching. A formal medical term would be absence seizures.


lexentry: eng/petition__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: petition
trans_list: пети́ция | петиция
sense:
A formal written request made by an individual or a group of people to a sovereign or political authority, often containing many signatures, soliciting some grace, right, mercy, or the redress of some wrong or grievance. [from early 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/petition__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: petition
trans_list: жа́лоба | заявле́ние | пети́ция | проше́ние | хода́тайство
sense:
(law, by extension) A formal written application made to a magistrate or court for an order or a suit for divorce. [from 1730s]


lexentry: eng/petrichor__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: petrichor
trans_list: петрихо́р
sense:
The distinctive scent, caused by geosmin, which accompanies the first rain after a long, warm, dry spell.


lexentry: eng/petrify__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: petrify
trans_list: [[превраща́ть]] в [[ка́мень]]
sense:
(transitive) To turn to stone: to harden organic matter by permeating with water and depositing dissolved minerals.


lexentry: eng/petrify__Verb__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: petrify
trans_list: камене́ть | окамене́ть
sense:
(transitive, figurative) To make callous or obdurate; to stupefy; to paralyze; to transform; as by petrification.


lexentry: eng/petrochemistry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: petrochemistry
trans_list: нефтехимия
sense:
(petrochemistry) The branch of chemistry that deals with petroleum, natural gas and their derivatives.


lexentry: eng/petrodollar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: petrodollar
trans_list: нефтедо́ллар
sense:
(oil industry, mostly, in the plural, also, attributively) Money (either notionally or specifically in dollars or other currencies) earned from the sale of oil, often especially as considered among a national economy's principal revenue streams.


lexentry: eng/petroleum_ether__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: petroleum ether
trans_list: петроле́йный эфи́р
sense:
A volatile petroleum fraction, usually available in a number of fractions boiling between 40°C and 140°C, and used as a solvent in the laboratory and industry.


lexentry: eng/petroleum_jelly__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: petroleum jelly
trans_list: вазели́н
sense:
A pale yellow semisolid mixture of hydrocarbons obtained from petroleum; used in lubricants and ointments.


lexentry: eng/petticoat__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: petticoat
trans_list: комбина́ция | ни́жняя ю́бка
sense:
A light woman's undergarment worn under a dress or skirt, and hanging either from the shoulders or (now especially) from the waist; a kind of slip, worn to make the skirt fuller, or for extra warmth.


lexentry: eng/petty__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: petty
trans_list: пустячный | мелочный | ме́лкий
sense:
Of persons or their behaviour: marked by or reflective of undesirably limited interests, sympathies, or views; begrudging, selfish, small-minded; also, preoccupied with subjects having little or no importance and not mindful of broader concerns. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/petty_bourgeoisie__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: petty bourgeoisie
trans_list: ме́лкая буржуази́я | меща́нство
sense:
(Marxism) A social class of that bourgeoisie that typically works alongside their employees if they have any, exemplified by shopkeepers and professionals.


lexentry: eng/petty_cash__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: petty cash
trans_list: мелочёвка
sense:
(business) Cash available for trivial purchases, especially limited funds for employees to use without close supervision.


lexentry: eng/petty_officer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: petty officer
trans_list: у́нтер-офице́р
sense:
A non-commissioned officer in the Canadian, US and UK Navy and the US Coast Guard; roughly equivalent to a sergeant in the army


lexentry: eng/petty_theft__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: petty theft
trans_list: [[мелкий|ме́лкая]] [[кра́жа]]
sense:
A theft of property having a value lower than a certain small amount set forth in a statute, and considered to be a less serious class of crime.


lexentry: eng/pew__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: pew
trans_list: [[церковный|церко́вная]] [[скамья́]]
sense:
Any structure shaped like a church pew, such as a stall, formerly used by money lenders, etc.; a box in a theatre; or a pen or sheepfold.


lexentry: eng/peyote__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peyote
trans_list: пейот
sense:
A small, spineless cactus (Lophophora williamsii) found from southwest United States to central Mexico that produces buttonlike tubercles that can be chewed for their psychedelic effect, primarily from the drug mescaline.


lexentry: eng/phagocyte__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phagocyte
trans_list: фагоци́т | фагоцит
sense:
(cytology) A cell of the immune system, such as a neutrophil, macrophage or dendritic cell, that engulfs and destroys viruses, bacteria and waste materials, or in the case of mature dendritic cells; displays antigens from invading pathogens to cells of the lymphoid lineage.


lexentry: eng/phalanx__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phalanx
trans_list: фала́нга | фаланга
sense:
(historical, plural phalanxes) An ancient Greek and Macedonian military unit that consisted of several ranks and files (lines) of soldiers in close array with joined shields and long spears.


lexentry: eng/phalanx__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: phalanx
trans_list: фала́нга
sense:
(plural phalanxes or (rare) phalanges) A large group of people, animals or things, compact or closely massed, or tightly knit and united in common purpose.


lexentry: eng/phalarope__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phalarope
trans_list: плаву́нчик
sense:
Any of three small wading birds in the genus Phalaropus, of the family Scolopacidae, that have lobed toes.


lexentry: eng/phantom__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: phantom
trans_list: привиде́ние | при́зрак | тень | фанто́м
sense:
Something apparently seen, heard, or sensed, but having no physical reality; an image that appears only in the mind; an illusion or delusion.


lexentry: eng/phantom_limb__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phantom limb
trans_list: при́зрачная коне́чность | фанто́мная коне́чность
sense:
(pathology) The false sensation, which is often painful, that an amputated limb is still present and attached.


lexentry: eng/phantom_pain__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phantom pain
trans_list: фанто́мная боль | при́зрачная боль
sense:
(medicine, pathology) A sensation of pain coming from a part of the body that has been amputated, or in which the nerves have been destroyed.


lexentry: eng/pharaoh__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pharaoh
trans_list: фарао́н | фараон
sense:
(historical) The supreme ruler of Ancient Egypt; a formal address for the sovereign seat of power as personified by the "king" in an institutional role of Horus son of Osiris; often used by metonymy for Ancient Egyptian sovereignty


lexentry: eng/pharaoh_ant__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pharaoh ant
trans_list: домо́вый мураве́й | корабе́льный мураве́й | фарао́нов мураве́й
sense:
A small yellow-brown ant, Monomorium pharaonis, introduced to virtually every area of the world, considered to be a major indoor pest.


lexentry: eng/pharisaism__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pharisaism
trans_list: фарисейство
sense:
(chiefly, Christianity) Rigid observance of external forms of religion without genuine piety; hypocrisy in religion; a censorious, self-righteous spirit in matters of morals or manners.


lexentry: eng/pharmacist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pharmacist
trans_list: апте́карша | апте́карь | фармаце́вт
sense:
(pharmacy) A health professional who controls, formulates, preserves, and dispenses medications and provides medical advice and counseling on how medicines should be used in order to achieve maximum benefit, and minimal side effects in order to avoid drug interactions.


lexentry: eng/pharmacokinetics__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pharmacokinetics
trans_list: фармакокине́тика
sense:
(pharmacology) A branch of pharmacology concerned with the rate at which drugs are absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and eliminated by the body.


lexentry: eng/pharmacology__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pharmacology
trans_list: фармаколо́гия | фармакология
sense:
The science of drugs, including their origin, composition, pharmacokinetics, therapeutic use, and toxicology.


lexentry: eng/pharmacy__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pharmacy
trans_list: фармаце́втика | фармаци́я
sense:
(uncountable) The science of medicinal substances, inclusive of pharmaceutics, pharmaceutical chemistry, pharmacology, phytochemistry, and forensics.


lexentry: eng/pharyngeal__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pharyngeal
trans_list: фарингеа́льный | гло́точный
sense:
(phonetics) Articulated with the pharynx; a term usually describing a consonant which is articulated by the rear area of the tongue being raised to below the region between the uvula and the pharyngeal wall. The term cannot apply to a plosive or stop consonant.


lexentry: eng/pharynx__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pharynx
trans_list: гло́тка | горта́нь | зев | фа́ринкс
sense:
(anatomy) The part of the alimentary canal and respiratory tract that extends from the back of the mouth and nasal cavity to the larynx and esophagus.


lexentry: eng/phase__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: phase
trans_list: пери́од | ста́дия | фа́за
sense:
That which is exhibited to the eye; the appearance which anything manifests, especially any one among different and varying appearances of the same object.


lexentry: eng/phase__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: phase
trans_list: фа́за | фаза
sense:
(astronomy) A particular appearance or state in a regularly recurring cycle of changes with respect to quantity of illumination or form, or the absence, of a body's illuminated disk. Illustrated in Wikipedia's article Lunar phase.


lexentry: eng/phase__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: phase
trans_list: фа́за | фаза
sense:
(physics) Any one point or portion in a recurring series of changes, as in the changes of motion of one of the particles constituting a wave or vibration; one portion of a series of such changes, in distinction from a contrasted portion, as the portion on one side of a position of equilibrium, in contrast with that on the opposite side.


lexentry: eng/phase__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: phase
trans_list: фа́за
sense:
(chemistry) A component in a material system that is distinguished by chemical composition and/or physical state (solid, liquid or gas) and/or crystal structure. It is delineated from an adjoining phase by an abrupt change in one or more of those conditions.


lexentry: eng/phase_modulation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phase modulation
trans_list: модуля́ция участка
sense:
A method of sending information by modifying (modulating) the difference in phase (fraction of a wave length) between a signal and a reference.


lexentry: eng/phase_out__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phase out
trans_list: оставлять
sense:
(transitive) To remove or relinquish the use of (something) little by little, either via discrete diminishing phases or (by extension) by continuous gradations; to remove in phases, or as if by phases (gradually).


lexentry: eng/phase_space__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phase space
trans_list: фа́зовое простра́нство
sense:
(mathematics, physics, dynamical system theory) Given a (dynamical) system, any topological space such that every point in the space's underlying set uniquely represents a state of the system and every possible state is represented by some point;(less formally) the underlying set of such a topological space.


lexentry: eng/phase_transition__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phase transition
trans_list: фа́зовый перехо́д
sense:
(physics) The transition between thermodynamic phases of a physical system, especially one between the solid, liquid, and gaseous phases of a substance.


lexentry: eng/phasor__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: phasor
trans_list: стрелка
sense:
(sciences, engineering) A plotted line whose length and angle represent the amplitude and phase, respectively, of a sinusoidally varying quantity such as an alternating current.


lexentry: eng/phatic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phatic
trans_list: фатический
sense:
(linguistics) Pertaining to words used to convey any kind of social relationship and whose meaning is otherwise either deemphasized or absent.


lexentry: eng/pheasant's_eye__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pheasant's eye
trans_list: адо́нис
sense:
Any of genus Adonis of flowering plants in the buttercup family (Ranunculaceae), native to Europe and Asia, particularly


lexentry: eng/phencyclidine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phencyclidine
trans_list: фенциклиди́н
sense:
(pharmaceutical drug) A synthetic compound derived from piperidine, used as a veterinary anesthetic and in hallucinogenic drugs such as angel dust.


lexentry: eng/phenol__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phenol
trans_list: фено́л | фенол
sense:
(organic compound, uncountable) A caustic, poisonous, white crystalline compound, C6H5OH, derived from benzene and used in resins, plastics, and pharmaceuticals and in dilute form as a disinfectant and antiseptic; once called carbolic acid


lexentry: eng/phenol__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: phenol
trans_list: фено́л | фенол
sense:
(organic chemistry, countable) Any of a class of aromatic organic compounds having at least one hydroxyl group attached directly to the benzene ring (or other aromatic ring)


lexentry: eng/phenolic_resin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phenolic resin
trans_list: фенопласт
sense:
(chemistry) Any of a particular class of thermosetting resin made through the condensation of phenol (or a phenol derivative) with an aldehyde.


lexentry: eng/phenomenology__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phenomenology
trans_list: феноменоло́гия | феноменология
sense:
(philosophy) The study of structures of consciousness as experienced from the first-person point of view.


lexentry: eng/phenomenon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
sense: A thing or being, event or process, perceptible through senses; or a fact or occurrence thereof.
written_rep: phenomenon
trans_list:
фено́мен | явле́ние | [[необыкновенный|необыкнове́нное]] [[явле́ние]] | собы́тие | феноме́н | эффе́кт


lexentry: eng/phenomenon__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: phenomenon
trans_list: феномен
sense:
(philosophy, chiefly, Kantian, _, idealism) An experienced object whose constitution reflects the order and conceptual structure imposed upon it by the human mind (especially by the powers of perception and understanding).


lexentry: eng/phenotype__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phenotype
trans_list: феноти́п | фенотип
sense:
(genetics, evolutionary theory) The appearance of an organism based on a multifactorial combination of genetic traits and environmental factors, especially used in pedigrees.


lexentry: eng/phenylalanine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phenylalanine
trans_list: фенилалани́н
sense:
(amino acid) An essential amino acid C9H11NO2 found in most animal proteins; it is essential for growth; the inability to metabolize it leads to phenylketonuria; it is a constituent of aspartame.


lexentry: eng/phenylephrine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phenylephrine
trans_list: фенилэфри́н
sense:
(medicine, pharmaceutical drug) An α-adrenergic receptor agonist related to adrenaline, used as a vasoconstrictor and nasal decongestant; 3-(1-hydroxy-2-methylamino-ethyl)phenol, with the formula C9H13NO2.


lexentry: eng/pheromone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pheromone
trans_list: феромо́н
sense:
(biology) A chemical secreted by an animal, especially an insect, that affects the development or behavior of other members of the same species, functioning often as a means of attracting a member of the opposite sex.


lexentry: eng/philanthropy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: philanthropy
trans_list: филантро́пия
sense:
(chiefly, _, uncountable) Benevolent altruism with the intention of increasing the well-being of humankind.


lexentry: eng/philia__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: philia
trans_list: фили́я
sense:
(countable) a psychological disorder characterized by an irrational favorable disposition towards something


lexentry: eng/philistine__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: philistine
trans_list: меща́нский | обыва́тельский | филистёрский
sense:
(derogatory) Ignorant or uneducated; specifically, lacking appreciation for or antagonistic towards art or culture, and having pedestrian tastes.


lexentry: eng/philistine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: philistine
trans_list: меща́нка | мещани́н | обыва́тель | обыва́тельница | фили́стер
sense:
(derogatory) A person who is ignorant or uneducated; specifically, a person who lacks appreciation of or is antagonistic towards art or culture, and who has pedestrian tastes.


lexentry: eng/phillumenist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phillumenist
trans_list: филумени́ст
sense:
A person who collects match-related items, like matchbox labels, matchboxes, matchbooks, or matchbook covers.


lexentry: eng/philo-Semitism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: philo-Semitism
trans_list: филосемитизм
sense:
Interest in or appreciation of Jewish people, their history, or the influence of Judaism, particularly on the part of a gentile.


lexentry: eng/philodendron__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: philodendron
trans_list: филоде́ндрон
sense:
Any of several climbing plants, of the genus Philodendron, native to America and the West Indies that are often grown as house plants.


lexentry: eng/philologist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: philologist
trans_list: фило́лог | языкове́д
sense:
A person who engages in philology (historical linguistics), especially as a profession; a collector of words and their etymologies.


lexentry: eng/philosopher's_stone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: philosopher's stone
trans_list: филосо́фский ка́мень
sense:
(alchemy) A supposed substance able to turn base metals, such as lead or mercury, into gold or silver, also sometimes claimed to cure any illness (as panacea) or confer immortality (as elixir of life), among other functions.


lexentry: eng/philosopher__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: philosopher
trans_list: фило́соф | философ
sense:
(archaic) A person who applies the principles of philosophy to the conduct of their life, as by acting calmly and rationally in the face of inevitable change.


lexentry: eng/philosopher__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: philosopher
trans_list: фило́соф | философ
sense:
(archaic) A student, scholar, or expert in any branch of knowledge, especially those branches studied prior to being considered part of pure science.


lexentry: eng/philosophy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: philosophy
trans_list: филосо́фия | философия
sense:
(uncountable) An academic discipline that seeks truth through reasoning rather than empiricism, often attempting to provide explanations relating to general concepts such as existence and rationality.


lexentry: eng/philosophy_of_science__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: philosophy of science
trans_list: философия науки
sense:
(philosophy, uncountable) The study of the assumptions, foundations, and implications of science, including such questions as what distinguishes science from non-science, what are the aims of science, or what is a successful scientific explanation of a phenomenon.


lexentry: eng/philter__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: philter
trans_list: любовное зелье
sense:
A kind of potion, charm, or drug; especially a love potion intended to make the drinker fall in love with the giver. [from the 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/phimosis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phimosis
trans_list: фимо́з
sense:
(symptom) A contraction of the foreskin (either as a stage of development or a pathological condition), which prevents it from being retracted.


lexentry: eng/phlegm__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phlegm
trans_list: фле́гма
sense:
(historical) One of the four humors making up the body in ancient and mediaeval medicine; said to be cold and moist, and often identified with mucus. [from 13th c.]


lexentry: eng/phlegm__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: phlegm
trans_list: слизь | мокро́та | фле́гма
sense:
Viscid mucus produced by the body, later especially mucus expelled from the bronchial passages by coughing. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/phlegm__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: phlegm
trans_list: фле́гма | флегмати́чность
sense:
Calmness of temperament, composure; also seen negatively, sluggishness, indifference. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/phlegmon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phlegmon
trans_list: флегмона
sense:
A solid mass formed by inflamed connective tissue, such as forms around an appendix in appendicitis.


lexentry: eng/phloem__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phloem
trans_list: луб | лы́ко | флоэ́ма
sense:
(botany) A vascular tissue in land plants primarily responsible for the distribution of sugars and nutrients manufactured in the shoot.


lexentry: eng/phlogiston__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phlogiston
trans_list: флогисто́н | флогистон
sense:
(chemistry, historical) The hypothetical fiery principle formerly assumed to be a necessary constituent of combustible bodies and to be given up by them in burning.


lexentry: eng/pho__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pho
trans_list: фо
sense:
A Vietnamese soup with a beef base, typically served with rice noodles and optionally beef or chicken.


lexentry: eng/phoenix__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: phoenix
trans_list: жар-пти́ца | фе́никс
sense:
(Chinese mythology) A mythological Chinese chimerical bird whose physical body symbolizes the six celestial bodies; a fenghuang.


lexentry: eng/phon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phon
trans_list: фон
sense:
(acoustics) A unit of apparent loudness, equal in number to the intensity in decibels of a 1,000-hertz tone judged to be as loud as the sound being measured.


lexentry: eng/phone__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phone
trans_list: фо́на | фоне́ма
sense:
(phonetics) A speech segment that possesses distinct physical or perceptual properties, considered as a physical event without regard to its place in the phonology of a language.


lexentry: eng/phoneme__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phoneme
trans_list: фоне́ма | фонема
sense:
(phonology) An indivisible unit of sound in a given language. A phoneme is an abstraction of the physical speech sounds (phones) and may encompass several different phones.


lexentry: eng/phonemic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: phonemic
trans_list: фоне́мный
sense:
(linguistics) Relating to a difference between sounds that can change the meaning of words in a language.


lexentry: eng/phonemic_merger__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phonemic merger
trans_list: сходимость
sense:
(phonology) The phenomenon in which two different phonemes merge and become replaced by a single phoneme.


lexentry: eng/phonetics__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phonetics
trans_list: фоне́тика | фонетика
sense:
(linguistics) The study of the physical sounds of human speech, concerned with the physical properties of speech sounds (phones), and the processes of their physiological production, auditory reception, and neurophysiological perception, and their representation by written symbols.


lexentry: eng/phonology__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phonology
trans_list: фоне́тика | фоноло́гия | фонология
sense:
(uncountable) The study of the way sounds function in languages, including accent, intonation, phonemes, stress, and syllable structure, and which sounds are distinctive units within a language; (countable) the way sounds function within a given language; a phonological system. [from late 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/phonology__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: phonology
trans_list: фоноло́гия | фонология
sense:
(by extension, uncountable) The study of the way components of signs function in a sign language, and which components are distinctive units within the language; (countable) the way components of signs function within a given sign language.


lexentry: eng/phonon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phonon
trans_list: фоно́н
sense:
(physics) The quantum of acoustic or vibrational energy (sound), considered a discrete particle rather than a wave.


lexentry: eng/phosphene__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phosphene
trans_list: фосфен
sense:
A sensation of lights induced by mechanical, electrical, or magnetic stimulation (rather than optical) of the retina or visual cortex, or by random firing of cells in the visual system.


lexentry: eng/phospholipid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phospholipid
trans_list: фосфолипи́д
sense:
(organic compound) Any lipid, such as lecithin or cephalin, consisting of a diglyceride combined with a phosphate group and a simple organic molecule such as choline or ethanolamine; they are important constituents of biological membranes.


lexentry: eng/phosphor__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phosphor
trans_list: люминофор
sense:
(chemistry) Any of various compounds of transition metals or of rare earths that exhibit phosphorescence.


lexentry: eng/phosphoric__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phosphoric
trans_list: фосфор
sense:
(chemistry) Pertaining to the element phosphorus; containing phosphorus, especially in its higher valency (5). [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/phosphoric_acid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phosphoric acid
trans_list: фо́сфорная кислота́
sense:
(inorganic compound) A colourless, odourless solid, H3PO4, often in solution as a syrupy liquid, used in the manufacture of fertilizers, detergents and pharmaceuticals and as an additive in cola drinks.


lexentry: eng/phosphorus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phosphorus
trans_list: фо́сфор | фосфор
sense:
(chemistry) a chemical element (symbol P) with an atomic number of 15, that exists in several allotropic forms.


lexentry: eng/phosphorylation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phosphorylation
trans_list: фосфорили́рование
sense:
(biochemistry) the process of transferring a phosphate group from a donor to an acceptor; often catalysed by enzymes.


lexentry: eng/photoconductivity__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: photoconductivity
trans_list: фотопроводи́мость
sense:
(physics) The increase in the electrical conductivity of a material as a result of incident electromagnetic radiation.


lexentry: eng/photocopier__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: photocopier
trans_list: копи́р | копирова́льный аппара́т | ксе́рокс | фотокопирова́льное устро́йство
sense:
A machine which reproduces documents by photographing the original over a glass plate and printing duplicates.


lexentry: eng/photodiode__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: photodiode
trans_list: фотодио́д
sense:
(electronics) A semiconductor two-terminal component whose electrical characteristics are light-sensitive.


lexentry: eng/photoelectric__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: photoelectric
trans_list: фотоэлектрический
sense:
Of or relating to the electric effects of electromagnetic radiation, especially the ejection of an electron from a surface by a photon.


lexentry: eng/photoelectric_effect__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: photoelectric effect
trans_list: фотоэффект
sense:
(physics) The emission of electrons from the surface of a material following the absorption of electromagnetic radiation.


lexentry: eng/photograph__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: photograph
trans_list: сни́мок | фо́тка | фо́то | фотогра́фия | фотока́рточка | фотосни́мок
sense:
(photography) A picture created by projecting an image onto a photosensitive surface such as a chemically treated plate or film, CCD receptor, etc.


lexentry: eng/photon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: photon
trans_list: фото́н | фотон
sense:
(particle) The quantum of light and other electromagnetic energy, regarded as a discrete particle having zero rest mass, no electric charge, and an indefinitely long lifetime. It is a gauge boson.


lexentry: eng/photopaper__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: photopaper
trans_list: фотобума́га
sense:
Photographic paper; paper coated with light-sensitive chemicals, used for making photographic prints on traditional film cameras.


lexentry: eng/photoshop__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: photoshop
trans_list: фотошопить
sense:
(trademark, media, computing, usually, transitive) To digitally edit or alter (a picture or photograph).


lexentry: eng/photosynthesis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: photosynthesis
trans_list: фотоси́нтез | фотосинтез
sense:
(biochemistry, organic chemistry) Any process by which plants and other photoautotrophs convert light energy into chemical energy.


lexentry: eng/phrasal_verb__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: phrasal verb
trans_list: фра́зовый глаго́л
sense:
(linguistics, more loosely) A phrase, consisting of a verb and either or both of a preposition or adverb, that has idiomatic meaning.


lexentry: eng/phrase__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: phrase
trans_list: фра́за | оборо́т ре́чи | словосочета́ние
sense:
(grammar) A word or, more commonly, a group of words that functions as a single unit in the syntax of a sentence, always containing an expressed or implied head (the principal word or subgroup, with core importance) and often consisting of a head plus some other elaborating words.


lexentry: eng/phrasing__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: phrasing
trans_list: формули́рование | формулиро́вка | фразиро́вка
sense:
(music) The way the musical phrases are put together in a composition or in its interpretation, with changes in tempo, volume, or emphasizing one or more instruments over others.


lexentry: eng/phreatic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phreatic
trans_list: фреатический взрыв
sense:
(geology) Of or pertaining to ground water; (volcanology) involving explosively rapid heating of ground water by magma.


lexentry: eng/phrenology__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phrenology
trans_list: френоло́гия | френология
sense:
(medicine, biology, historical) The pseudo-science which studies the relationships between a person's character and the morphology (structure) of the skull.


lexentry: eng/phthalic_acid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phthalic acid
trans_list: фта́левая кислота́
sense:
(carboxylic acid) Any of three isomeric aromatic organic benzenedicarboxylic acids, C6H4(COOH)2; especially the ortho- isomer manufactured from naphthalene, used in the synthesis of dyes, perfumes and other compounds.


lexentry: eng/phugoid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phugoid
trans_list: фуго́ид
sense:
(aeronautics, aviation) The motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane due to the object pitching up and climbing, thus slowing down; then pitching down and descending, thus speeding up.


lexentry: eng/phylactery__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phylactery
trans_list: тфили́н | филакте́рия
sense:
Either of two small leather cases containing scrolls with passages from the Torah, traditionally worn by a Jewish man (one on the arm (usually the left) and one on the forehead) and now sometimes by a woman at certain morning prayers as a reminder to obey the law as set out in the Bible; a tefilla.


lexentry: eng/phylactery__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: phylactery
trans_list: филакте́рия
sense:
(by extension, fantasy, roleplaying games) An enchanted object used (for example, by a lich) to contain and protect the owner's soul.


lexentry: eng/phylactery__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: phylactery
trans_list: филакте́рия
sense:
(Christianity, historical, obsolete) Synonym of reliquary (“a container to display or hold religious relics”).


lexentry: eng/phylloxera__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phylloxera
trans_list: филлоксера
sense:
An insect, Daktulosphaira vitifoliae of the family Phylloxeridae (not the genus Phylloxera), that is very destructive to grape vines; also, the diseased condition of a vine caused by this insect. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/phylogenetic_tree__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phylogenetic tree
trans_list: филогенети́ческое де́рево | эволюцио́нное де́рево
sense:
(biology) A branching diagram illustrating the potential evolutionary relationships among biological organisms or other entities in which the tree-maker hypothesizes share a common ancestor.


lexentry: eng/phylogenetics__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phylogenetics
trans_list: филогенез
sense:
(biology, systematics) The study of the evolutionary history and relationships among or within groups of organisms, through computational methods that focus on observed heritable traits.


lexentry: eng/phylum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phylum
trans_list: тип | отде́л
sense:
(taxonomy) A rank in the classification of organisms, below kingdom and above class; also called a divisio or a division, especially in describing plants; a taxon at that rank


lexentry: eng/physical__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: physical
trans_list: материа́льный | теле́сный | физи́ческий
sense:
Pertaining to the world as understood through the senses rather than the mind; tangible, concrete; real. Having to do with the material world. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/physical_culture__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: physical culture
trans_list: физкультура
sense:
(historical) A 19th- and 20th-century popular movement of light gymnastics for the purpose of health and fitness.


lexentry: eng/physical_education__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: physical education
trans_list: физвоспита́ние | физи́ческая культу́ра | физи́ческое воспита́ние | физкульту́ра | физра́
sense:
An element of an educational curriculum concerned with bodily development, physical health and wellness, strength, physical co-ordination, and agility.


lexentry: eng/physical_examination__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: physical examination
trans_list: медосмо́тр | обсле́дование | осмо́тр
sense:
(medicine) The examination of the patient's body with the use of such methods as inspection, palpation, percussion and auscultation.


lexentry: eng/physical_law__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: physical law
trans_list: физи́ческий зако́н
sense:
A universal statement about the operation of nature, based on empirical observations of physical behavior, tested using the scientific method.


lexentry: eng/physical_quantity__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: physical quantity
trans_list: физи́ческая величина́
sense:
(physics) A physical property that can be measured or calculated from other physical property and expressed as the product of a numerical value and a physical unit.


lexentry: eng/physicist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: physicist
trans_list: фи́зик | физик
sense:
A person whose occupation specializes in the science of physics, especially at a professional level.


lexentry: eng/physics__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: physics
trans_list: физика | фи́зика
sense:
The branch of science concerned with the study of the properties and interactions of space, time, matter and energy.


lexentry: eng/physiocrat__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: physiocrat
trans_list: физиокра́т
sense:
(economics, now, historical) Any of a group of economists in 18th-century France who believed that the government should not seek to influence the operation of natural economic laws. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/physiognomy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: physiognomy
trans_list: физионо́мика | физиогно́мика
sense:
The art or pseudoscience of deducing the predominant temper and other characteristic qualities of the mind from the outward appearance, especially from the features of the face.


lexentry: eng/physiography__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: physiography
trans_list: физи́ческая геогра́фия | физиогра́фия
sense:
(geography) The subfield of geography that studies physical patterns and processes of the Earth. It aims to understand the forces that produce and change rocks, oceans, weather, and global flora and fauna patterns.


lexentry: eng/physiology__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: physiology
trans_list: физиоло́гия | физиология
sense:
A branch of biology that deals with the functions and activities of life or of living matter (as organs, tissues, or cells) and of the physical and chemical phenomena involved.


lexentry: eng/physiotherapist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: physiotherapist
trans_list: физиотерапе́вт
sense:
(British, Commonwealth, Irish) A therapist who treats physical injury or dysfunction, usually with exercise.


lexentry: eng/physiotherapy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: physiotherapy
trans_list: физиотерапи́я | физиотерапия
sense:
(British, Commonwealth, Irish) Therapy that uses physical techniques such as massage, ultrasound, heat, and exercise.


lexentry: eng/pi__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pi
trans_list: пи
sense:
(mathematics) An irrational and transcendental constant representing the ratio of the circumference of a Euclidean circle to its diameter; approximately 3.14159265358979323846264338327950; usually written π.


lexentry: eng/piano__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: piano
trans_list: пиани́но | роя́ль | фортепиа́но | пианино
sense:
(musical instruments) A percussive keyboard musical instrument, usually ranging over seven octaves, with white and black colored keys, played by pressing these keys, causing hammers to strike strings. [from 1803]


lexentry: eng/piano_nobile__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: piano nobile
trans_list: бельэта́ж | бельэтаж
sense:
(architecture) The floor of a building where the principal bedrooms and main reception rooms are found, very often on the first or second floor in older buildings.


lexentry: eng/piastre__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: piastre
trans_list: пиа́стр
sense:
(now, _, historical) A Spanish or Spanish-American coin and unit of currency, originally worth eight real.


lexentry: eng/piastre__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: piastre
trans_list: пиа́стр
sense:
A form of currency currently used as a subunit in the Middle Eastern and East African countries of Egypt, Jordan (partly including Palestine), Lebanon, South Sudan, Sudan, and Syria.


lexentry: eng/pica__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pica
trans_list: пика́
sense:
(pathology, usually, uncountable) A disorder characterized by appetite and craving for non-edible substances, such as chalk, clay, dirt, ice, or sand.


lexentry: eng/piccolo__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: piccolo
trans_list: пи́кколо | фле́йта-пи́кколо
sense:
A piccolo flute
 A transverse flute that is smaller than a Western concert flute and pitched nearly an octave higher.


lexentry: eng/pick-me-up__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pick-me-up
trans_list: [[тонизирующий|тонизи́рующее]] [[сре́дство]]
sense:
(informal) A drink, often an alcoholic one, taken as a stimulant or sometimes as a hangover cure; a restorative, tonic or bracer. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/pick__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pick
trans_list: рва́ть | собира́ть | собра́ть | сорва́ть | срыва́ть
sense:
To harvest a fruit or vegetable for consumption by removing it from the plant to which it is attached; to harvest an entire plant by removing it from the ground.


lexentry: eng/pick_and_roll__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pick and roll
trans_list: пик-н-ро́лл
sense:
(basketball) An offensive play in which a player stops to block a defender for a teammate handling the ball and then slips behind the defender to accept a pass.


lexentry: eng/pick_one's_nose__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pick one's nose
trans_list: ковыря́ть в носу́ | ковыря́ться в носу́ | колупа́ться в носу́
sense:
(idiomatic) To insert a finger or other object into one's nostril to remove obstructions, especially dried mucus.


lexentry: eng/pick_up__Verb__1
sense_num: 14
written_rep: pick up
trans_list: подцепи́ть | подцепля́ть
sense:
(transitive, and, intransitive, _, with on) To meet and seduce somebody for romantic purposes, especially in a social situation.


lexentry: eng/pickaxe__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pickaxe
trans_list: кайло́ | кирка́ | моты́га
sense:
A heavy iron tool with a wooden handle; one end of the head is pointed, the other has a chisel edge.


lexentry: eng/pickelhaube__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pickelhaube
trans_list: пике́льхаубе | пикельхе́льм
sense:
(historical) A spiked helmet worn by German troops, especially during the First World War. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/picket__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: picket
trans_list: аванпо́ст | дозо́р | кордо́н | пике́т | форпо́ст
sense:
(military) One of the soldiers or troops placed on a line forward of a position to warn against an enemy advance; or any unit (for example, an aircraft or ship) performing a similar function.


lexentry: eng/picket__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: picket
trans_list: пике́тчик | пике́тчица
sense:
A protester positioned outside an office, workplace etc. during a strike (usually in plural); also the protest itself.


lexentry: eng/pickle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pickle
trans_list: [[ква́шеный]] [[огуре́ц]] | [[ки́слый]] [[огуре́ц]] | корнишо́н | солёный [[огуре́ц]]
sense:
(chiefly, US, Canada, Australia) A cucumber preserved in a solution, usually a brine or a vinegar syrup.


lexentry: eng/pickle__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pickle
trans_list: заса́ливать | засоли́ть | ква́сить | маринова́ть | соли́ть
sense:
(transitive, ergative) To preserve food (or sometimes other things) in a salt, sugar or vinegar solution.


lexentry: eng/pickup__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pickup
trans_list: ада́птер | звукоснима́тель
sense:
An electronic device for detecting sound, vibration, etc., such as one fitted to an electric guitar or record player.


lexentry: eng/pickup__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: pickup
trans_list: сня́тие | съём
sense:
An instance of approaching someone and engaging in romantic flirtation and courting with the intent to pursue romance, a date, or a sexual encounter.


lexentry: eng/pico-__Prefix__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pico-
trans_list: пико-
sense:
In the International System of Units and other metric systems of units, multiplying the unit to which it is attached by 10−12 (short scale trillionth or long scale billionth). Symbol: p


lexentry: eng/picric_acid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: picric acid
trans_list: пикри́новая кислота́
sense:
(organic compound) 2,4,6-trinitrophenol, C6H2(NO2)3, prepared by the nitration of phenol or of aspirin; a toxic, yellow, explosive substance used in dyes, explosives, and as an antiseptic


lexentry: eng/picture__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: picture
trans_list: изображе́ние | карти́на | карти́нка | рису́нок | о́браз
sense:
A representation of anything (as a person, a landscape, a building) upon canvas, paper, or other surface, by drawing, painting, printing, photography, etc.


lexentry: eng/picture_card__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: picture card
trans_list: живописец
sense:
A playing card which has a picture on it (usually Jack, Queen or King (coat card), but sometimes including Ace or Joker).


lexentry: eng/picturesque__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: picturesque
trans_list: живопи́сный | живописный
sense:
Resembling or worthy of a picture or painting; having the qualities of a picture or painting; pleasingly beautiful.


lexentry: eng/pidgin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pidgin
trans_list: пи́джин
sense:
(linguistics) An amalgamation of two disparate languages, used by two populations having no common language as a lingua franca to communicate with each other, lacking formalized grammar and having a small, utilitarian vocabulary and no native speakers.


lexentry: eng/pie__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pie
trans_list: беля́ш | пиро́г | пирожо́к
sense:
A type of pastry that consists of an outer crust and a filling. (Savory pies are more popular in the UK and sweet pies are more popular in the US, so "pie" without qualification has different connotations in these dialects.)


lexentry: eng/pie__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pie
trans_list: беля́ш | пиро́г | пирожо́к
sense:
Any of various other, non-pastry dishes that maintain the general concept of a shell with a filling.


lexentry: eng/pie__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: pie
trans_list: пирог
sense:
A paper plate covered in cream, shaving foam or custard that is thrown or rubbed in someone’s face for comical purposes, to raise money for charity, or as a form of political protest; a custard pie; a cream pie.


lexentry: eng/pie_in_the_sky__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pie in the sky
trans_list: воздушный замок | журавль в небе
sense:
(idiomatic) A fanciful notion; an unrealistic or ludicrous concept; the illusory promise of a desired outcome that is unlikely to happen.


lexentry: eng/piece__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: piece
trans_list: фи́шка | фигу́ра
sense:
(chess) One of the figures used in playing chess, specifically a higher-value figure as distinguished from a pawn; (by extension) those with which draughts, backgammon, and other similar board games are played.


lexentry: eng/piece__Noun__1
sense_num: 14
written_rep: piece
trans_list: моне́та
sense:
(baseball, uncountable) Used to describe a pitch that has been hit but not well, usually either being caught by the opposing team or going foul. Usually used in the past tense with get.


lexentry: eng/piece_rate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: piece rate
trans_list: сде́льная опла́та
sense:
The monetary amount paid per unit of production in the reward scheme of piece work, contrasting with hourly wage and salary.


lexentry: eng/piece_work__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: piece work
trans_list: подряд
sense:
Work that a worker is paid for according to the number of units produced, rather than the number of hours worked; work done and paid for by the piece or by the job.


lexentry: eng/piecewise_linear__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: piecewise linear
trans_list: кусо́чно-лине́йный
sense:
(mathematics) Equal to a sum of finitely many linear functions, each defined on a convex polytope: said of functions between vector spaces


lexentry: eng/pied_avocet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pied avocet
trans_list: шилоклю́вка
sense:
Recurvirostra avosetta, a black and white wading bird of temperate Europe and western and central Asia, wintering in Africa and south Asia.


lexentry: eng/piepowder__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: piepowder
trans_list: [[я́рмарочный]] суд
sense:
(Britain, law, historical) In full court of piepowders (also court of piepowder) or piepowder court: an ancient court in England held in conjunction with a fair or a market to administer summary justice over occurrences therein such as disputes between merchants and acts of theft and violence; they were presided over by the mayor and bailiffs of the borough, or by the steward if the fair or market was held by a lord.


lexentry: eng/pier__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pier
trans_list: при́стань | мол | пирс | прича́л
sense:
A raised platform built from the shore out over water, supported on piles; used to secure, or provide access to shipping; a jetty.


lexentry: eng/pier__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: pier
trans_list: просте́нок | столб
sense:
(architecture) A rectangular pillar, or similar structure, that supports an arch, wall or roof, or the hinges of a gate.


lexentry: eng/pierogi__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pierogi
trans_list: варе́ники | пельме́ни
sense:
(North America) A square- or crescent-shaped dumpling of unleavened dough, stuffed with sauerkraut, cheese, mashed potatoes, cabbage, onion, meat, or any combination of these, or with a fruit filling.


lexentry: eng/pietism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pietism
trans_list: пиетизм
sense:
(Christianity, often capitalized) A movement in the Lutheran church in the late 17th and 18th centuries, calling for practical and devout Christianity.


lexentry: eng/pig__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pig
trans_list: свинья́ | бо́ров | свинья
sense:
(countable) Any of several mammalian species of the genus Sus or the family Suidae, having cloven hooves, bristles and a nose adapted for digging; especially the domesticated animal Sus domesticus.


lexentry: eng/pig__Noun__1
sense_num: 13
written_rep: pig
trans_list: свинья́
sense:
(engineering) A device for cleaning or inspecting the inside of an oil or gas pipeline, or for separating different substances within the pipeline. Named for the pig-like squealing noise made by their progress.


lexentry: eng/pig_in_a_poke__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pig in a poke
trans_list: кот в мешке́
sense:
(idiomatic) Something whose true value is concealed or unknown and may be lower than expected by the buyer or claimed by the seller, especially something offered for sale.


lexentry: eng/pig_iron__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pig iron
trans_list: переде́льный чугу́н
sense:
A type of crude, brittle iron shaped like a block, unsuitable for working but suitable for casting, commonly used as an industrial raw material.


lexentry: eng/pigeonhole__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: pigeonhole
trans_list: отделе́ние для бума́г
sense:
One of an array of open compartments in a desk, set of shelves, etc., used for sorting and/or storing letters, papers, or other items.


lexentry: eng/pika__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pika
trans_list: пищу́ха
sense:
Any of several small, furry mammals, similar to guinea pigs, but related to rabbits, of the genus Ochotona, from the mountains of North America and Asia.


lexentry: eng/pike__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pike
trans_list: пи́ка | пика
sense:
(military, historical) A very long spear used two-handed by infantry soldiers for thrusting (not throwing), both for attacks on enemy foot soldiers and as a countermeasure against cavalry assaults.


lexentry: eng/pilaf__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pilaf
trans_list: плов | пила́в
sense:
A dish made by browning grain, typically rice, in oil and then cooking it with a seasoned broth, to which meat and/or vegetables may be added.


lexentry: eng/pilaster__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pilaster
trans_list: пиля́стр | пиля́стра
sense:
(structural, _, architecture) A column or short wing wall attached to the foundation wall which provides lateral support, or to support a vertical load that does not fall on the foundation wall.


lexentry: eng/pile__Noun__1
sense_num: 08
written_rep: pile
trans_list: гальвани́ческий элеме́нт
sense:
A vertical series of alternate disks of two dissimilar metals (especially copper and zinc), laid up with disks of cloth or paper moistened with acid water between them, for producing a current of electricity; a voltaic pile, or galvanic pile.


lexentry: eng/pile__Noun__1
sense_num: 09
written_rep: pile
trans_list: сва́я
sense:
(architecture, civil engineering) A beam, pole, or pillar, driven completely into the ground, usually as one of a group that constitutes a foundation.


lexentry: eng/pile__Noun__2
sense_num: 03
written_rep: pile
trans_list: сва́я
sense:
A large stake, or piece of pointed timber, steel etc., driven into the earth or sea-bed for the support of a building, a pier, or other superstructure, or to form a cofferdam, etc.


lexentry: eng/pile__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pile
trans_list: зава́ливать | завали́ть | нава́ливать | навали́ть
sense:
(transitive, often used with the preposition "up") To lay or throw into a pile or heap; to heap up; to collect into a mass; to accumulate


lexentry: eng/pile_driver__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pile driver
trans_list: копёр
sense:
A machine for forcing a pile, a long beam, into the ground as part of the construction of a foundation; usually by raising a weight and then dropping it on the beam.


lexentry: eng/pilferage__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pilferage
trans_list: разворовывание
sense:
The individual act or recurring practice of stealing items of low value, especially in small quantities, for which the legal term is petty theft.


lexentry: eng/pill__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pill
trans_list: пилю́ля | табле́тка | пилюля
sense:
(broadly) A small, usually round or cylindrical object designed for easy swallowing, usually containing some sort of medication.


lexentry: eng/pill__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pill
trans_list: [[противозачаточный|противозача́точная]] [[табле́тка]] | пилюля
sense:
(informal, uncountable, definite, i.e. used with "the") Contraceptive medication, usually in the form of a pill to be taken by a woman; an oral contraceptive pill.


lexentry: eng/pill__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: pill
trans_list: ка́тышек
sense:
(textiles) A small piece of any substance, for example a ball of fibers formed on the surface of a textile fabric by rubbing.


lexentry: eng/pill_bug__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pill bug
trans_list: мокри́ца
sense:
(US) Any of very many terrestrial crustaceans, of the family Armadillidiidae, a subgroup of the woodlice, that can roll themselves up into a protective ball.


lexentry: eng/pillory__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pillory
trans_list: позо́рный столб
sense:
A framework on a post, with holes for the hands and head, used as a means of punishment and humiliation.


lexentry: eng/pillow_word__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pillow word
trans_list: эпитет
sense:
In Japanese waka poetry, a poetic device where a certain introductory phrase is commonly used to allude to something else.


lexentry: eng/pilot__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pilot
trans_list: ло́цман | лоцман
sense:
A person who knows well the depths and currents of a harbor or coastal area, who is hired by a vessel to help navigate the harbor or coast.


lexentry: eng/pilot__Noun__1
sense_num: 11
written_rep: pilot
trans_list: пило́т
sense:
(television) A sample episode of a proposed TV series produced to decide if it should be made or not. If approved, typically the first episode of an actual TV series.


lexentry: eng/pimento__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pimento
trans_list: сладкий перец
sense:
A red sweet pepper, a cultivar of Capsicum annuum, used to make relish, stuffed into olives, or used as spice.


lexentry: eng/pimp__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pimp
trans_list: сутенёр | кот | сво́дник | сво́дница | сво́дня
sense:
Someone who solicits customers for prostitution and acts as manager for a group of prostitutes; a pander.


lexentry: eng/pimpernel__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pimpernel
trans_list: о́чный цвет
sense:
Any of various plants of the genus Anagallis, having small red, white or purple flowers, especially the scarlet pimpernel (Anagallis arvensis). [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/pimple__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pimple
trans_list: прыщ | па́пула | пры́щик | пупы́рышек | у́горь
sense:
(dermatology) An inflamed (raised and colored) spot on the surface of the skin that is usually painful and fills with pus.


lexentry: eng/pin-up__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pin-up
trans_list: [[фотогра́фия]] [[красотка|красо́тки]] | пин-а́п | пина́п
sense:
A photograph, printed in a magazine or other publication, of a sexually attractive person (often nude or provocatively dressed), and intended to be removed and pinned up on a wall.


lexentry: eng/pin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pin
trans_list: була́вка | шпи́лька
sense:
A needle without an eye (usually) made of drawn-out steel wire with one end sharpened and the other flattened or rounded into a head, used for fastening.


lexentry: eng/pin__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: pin
trans_list: ке́гля | кегля
sense:
A slender object specially designed for use in a specific game or sport, such as skittles or bowling.


lexentry: eng/pin__Noun__1
sense_num: 09
written_rep: pin
trans_list: бро́шка | брошь
sense:
(US) A simple accessory that can be attached to clothing with a pin or fastener, often round and bearing a design, logo or message, and used for decoration, identification or to show political affiliation, etc.


lexentry: eng/pin__Noun__1
sense_num: 10
written_rep: pin
trans_list: клин
sense:
(chess) Either a scenario in which moving a lesser piece to escape from attack would expose a more valuable piece to being taken instead, or one where moving a piece is impossible as it would place the king in check.


lexentry: eng/pinafore__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pinafore
trans_list: передник
sense:
A sleeveless dress, often similar to an apron, generally worn over other clothes, and most often worn by young girls as an overdress.


lexentry: eng/pinball__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pinball
trans_list: пинбо́л | пинбол
sense:
(games) A game, played on a device with a sloping base, in which the player operates a spring-loaded plunger to shoot a ball, between obstacles, and attempts to hit targets and score points.


lexentry: eng/pinch__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: pinch
trans_list: щепо́тка | щепо́ть
sense:
A small amount of powder or granules, such that the amount could be held between fingertip and thumb tip.


lexentry: eng/pinch__Verb__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: pinch
trans_list: аресто́вывать | арестова́ть | схва́тывать | схвати́ть
sense:
(horticulture) To cut shoots or buds of a plant in order to shape the plant, or to improve its yield.


lexentry: eng/pincushion__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pincushion
trans_list: игольница
sense:
(sewing) A device, originally like a small, stuffed cushion, designed to have sewing pins and needles stuck into it to store them safely; some modern pincushions hold the objects magnetically.


lexentry: eng/pine_nut__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pine nut
trans_list: кедро́вый оре́х
sense:
The edible seed of any of several species of evergreen pine, especially Pinus pinea, Pinus cembra, and Pinus cembroides.


lexentry: eng/pineal_gland__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pineal gland
trans_list: шишкови́дная железа́ | эпифи́з
sense:
(anatomy, neuroanatomy) A small, pinecone-shaped endocrine gland found near the centre of the brain that produces melatonin.


lexentry: eng/pingo__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pingo
trans_list: бугры пучения
sense:
(geomorphology) A conical mound of earth with an ice core caused by permafrost uplift, particularly if lasting more than a year. [from 1920s]


lexentry: eng/pinhole_camera__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pinhole camera
trans_list: ка́мера-о́бскура
sense:
(photography) A simple lensless device for producing a photographic image, consisting of an enclosed box with film or some other flat photosensitive surface on one interior side and a tiny hole in the opposite side.


lexentry: eng/pinion__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pinion
trans_list: подрезать крылья
sense:
To cut off the pinion of a bird’s wing, or otherwise disable or bind its wings, in order to prevent it from flying.


lexentry: eng/pink__Verb__3
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pink
trans_list: барахли́ть
sense:
Of a motor car, to emit a high "pinking" noise, usually as a result of ill-set ignition timing for the fuel used (in a spark ignition engine).


lexentry: eng/pink_slime__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pink slime
trans_list: [[розовый|ро́зовая]] слизь
sense:
(paper manufacture) An undesirable pink-colored microbial mass occurring in the slurry used in making paper. [from 1951]


lexentry: eng/pink_slime__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pink slime
trans_list: [[розовый|ро́зовая]] слизь
sense:
(colloquial, derogatory) A meat byproduct produced from scraps by heating and then treating with ammonia to produce a food additive. [from 2002]


lexentry: eng/pink_tea__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pink tea
trans_list: Кашмирский чай | розовый чай
sense:
(uncountable, India, Pakistan) A hot drink from the Indian subcontinent with a pink colour, made with gunpowder tea, baking soda, and milk.


lexentry: eng/pinko__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pinko
trans_list: роза
sense:
(informal, often, derogatory, chiefly, US) A socialist, particularly one who is not completely communist. [from mid-1930s]


lexentry: eng/pinna__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pinna
trans_list: вне́шнее у́хо | ушна́я ра́ковина
sense:
(anatomy, zoology) The visible part of the ear in most therians that resides outside of the head, the auricle; outer ear excluding the ear canal.


lexentry: eng/pinniped__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pinniped
trans_list: ластоно́гий
sense:
Any of various large marine mammals belonging to the parvorder Pinnipedia comprising walruses, eared seals and earless seals.


lexentry: eng/pinocytosis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pinocytosis
trans_list: пиноцито́з
sense:
(biology) A form of endocytosis in which material enters a cell through its membrane and is incorporated in vesicles for digestion.


lexentry: eng/pins_and_needles__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pins and needles
trans_list: пока́лывание
sense:
(informal) A tingling or prickling sensation, felt in a limb when a nerve compression is relieved and in other situations.


lexentry: eng/pinwheel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pinwheel
trans_list: верту́шка
sense:
An artificial flower with a stem, usually plastic, for children: the flower spins round in the wind, like a small paper windmill.


lexentry: eng/pion__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pion
trans_list: пио́н | пион
sense:
(particle) Any of three semistable mesons, having positive, negative or neutral charge, composed of up and down quarks/antiquarks.


lexentry: eng/pioneer__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: pioneer
trans_list: пионе́р | пионер
sense:
(military) A soldier detailed or employed to form roads, dig trenches, and make bridges, as an army advances; a sapper.


lexentry: eng/pioneer__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: pioneer
trans_list: пионе́р | пионе́рка
sense:
(Communism) A member of a children’s organization operated by the Communist Party, typically in the second of three stages toward becoming a member of the Party itself.


lexentry: eng/pioneering__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pioneering
trans_list: новаторский
sense:
Involving accomplishments or activities that have not been done before, or developing or using new methods or techniques.


lexentry: eng/pip__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pip
trans_list: ко́сточка | зёрнышко | се́мечко
sense:
(UK) A seed inside certain fleshy fruits, such as the stone (pit) of a stonefruit or the smaller seeds of an orange or apple.


lexentry: eng/pipe__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pipe
trans_list: ду́дка | жале́йка | свире́ль
sense:
(woodwind instrument) A wind instrument consisting of a tube, often lined with holes to allow for adjustment in pitch, sounded by blowing into the tube. [from 10th c.]


lexentry: eng/pipe__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pipe
trans_list: труба́ | тру́бка
sense:
A rigid tube that transports water, steam, or other fluid, as used in plumbing and numerous other applications. [from 10th c.]


lexentry: eng/pipe_bomb__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pipe bomb
trans_list: тру́бчатая бо́мба
sense:
An improvised explosive device consisting of blasting powder or other explosive material encased in a metal pipe to increase the blast effect.


lexentry: eng/pipe_dream__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pipe dream
trans_list: возду́шные за́мки | несбы́точная мечта́
sense:
(idiomatic, originally, US) A desire or idea which is unlikely to materialize, or a plan which is unlikely to work; a near impossibility. [from late 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/pipe_organ__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pipe organ
trans_list: орга́н
sense:
(musical instrument) The largest of all musical instruments, played from an organ console. The organ produces its sound by sending air through organ pipes- either reed pipes or flue pipes, which are seated on wind chests. The valves controlling each pipe may be actuated electronically or using long wooden poles called trackers.


lexentry: eng/pipefish__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pipefish
trans_list: морска́я игла́
sense:
A small fish of subfamily Syngnathinae in the seahorse family, having a long thin body covered with partially ossified plates, the head long, and the jaws elongated so as to form a tubular snout.


lexentry: eng/pipeline__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pipeline
trans_list: конве́йер
sense:
A channel (either physical or logical) by which information is transmitted sequentially (that is, the first information in is the first information out).


lexentry: eng/pipette__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pipette
trans_list: пипе́тка | пипетка
sense:
(sciences) A small tube, often with an enlargement or bulb in the middle, and usually graduated, used for transferring or delivering measured quantities of a liquid. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/pipeweed__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pipeweed
trans_list: запой
sense:
Any of a number of plants having thin and straight stems resembling pipes, often hollow or lacking branches.


lexentry: eng/pipit__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pipit
trans_list: конёк | щеври́ца
sense:
Any of various small passerine birds, mainly from the genus Anthus, that are often drab, ground feeding insectivores of open country.


lexentry: eng/piquet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: piquet
trans_list: пике́т
sense:
(card games) A game of cards for two people, with thirty-two cards, all the deuces, threes, fours, fives, and sixes being set aside.


lexentry: eng/piracy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: piracy
trans_list: пира́тство | пиратство
sense:
(crime, nautical) Robbery at sea, a violation of international law; taking a ship away from the control of those who are legally entitled to it.


lexentry: eng/piranha__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: piranha
trans_list: пира́нья | пиранья
sense:
(ichthyology) Any of certain freshwater fish of the subfamily Serrasalminae, native to South America; they are characterised by razor-sharp teeth and a reputation of being ferocious predators (despite most species being omnivorous).


lexentry: eng/pirate__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pirate
trans_list: пира́тский
sense:
Illegally imitated or reproduced, said of a trademarked product or copyrighted work, or of the counterfeit itself.


lexentry: eng/pirate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pirate
trans_list: пира́т | корса́р | пира́тка | флибустье́р
sense:
(crime) A criminal who plunders at sea; commonly attacking merchant vessels, though often pillaging port towns.


lexentry: eng/pirate__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: pirate
trans_list: пира́т | пират
sense:
(by extension) One who breaks intellectual property laws by reproducing protected works without permission.


lexentry: eng/pirate_perch__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pirate perch
trans_list: пира́т-о́кунь
sense:
Aphredoderus sayanus, a North American freshwater fish of family Aphredoderidae: order Percopsiformes.


lexentry: eng/pirate_ship__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pirate ship
trans_list: [[пира́тский]] [[кора́бль]]
sense:
Any ship manned by pirates, especially a large wooden sailing ship armed with cannons and flying a Jolly Roger, as stereotyped in literature and film.


lexentry: eng/pirozhki__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pirozhki
trans_list: пирожо́к | пирожок
sense:
Small pastries filled with finely chopped meat, vegetables or fruit baked or fried, from eastern European cuisine, or a serving of these.


lexentry: eng/piss__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: piss
trans_list: бухло́ | по́йло
sense:
(countable, _, and, _, uncountable) Alcoholic beverage, especially of inferior quality. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/piss_off__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
sense: (transitive) To annoy, anger.
written_rep: piss off
trans_list:
[[вы́вести]] из [[себя́]] | [[выводи́ть]] из [[себя́]] | беси́ть | взбеси́ть | доста́ть | достава́ть


lexentry: eng/piss_oneself__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: piss oneself
trans_list: обосса́ться | усса́ться
sense:
(slang, vulgar, figuratively) To be very scared (to the extent that one might lose control of one's bladder).


lexentry: eng/piss_oneself__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: piss oneself
trans_list: обосса́ться | усса́ться
sense:
(slang, vulgar, figuratively) To laugh uncontrollably (to the extent that one might lose control of one's bladder).


lexentry: eng/pissaladière__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pissaladière
trans_list: писсаладье́р
sense:
A pie from southern France, similar to pizza, without tomatoes or cheese, usually topped with onions, anchovies and black olives.


lexentry: eng/pistil__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pistil
trans_list: пе́стик | пестик
sense:
(botany) A discrete organ in the center of a flower capable of receiving pollen and producing a fruit, it is divided into an ovary, style and stigma. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/piston__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: piston
trans_list: золотни́к | плу́нжер | по́ршень | уда́рник
sense:
(mechanics) A solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder, and moves under pressure (as in an engine) or displaces fluid (as in a pump)


lexentry: eng/piston_engine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: piston engine
trans_list: поршнево́й дви́гатель
sense:
Any of several types of engine having cylinders containing reciprocating pistons, in which a crankshaft is turned by pistons moving up and down within cylinders; many internal combustion engines and many steam engines have such a mechanism.


lexentry: eng/pit__Noun__1
sense_num: 13
written_rep: pit
trans_list: я́ма | яма
sense:
Formerly, that part of a theatre, on the floor of the house, below the level of the stage and behind the orchestra; now, in England, commonly the part behind the stalls; in the United States, the parquet; also, the occupants of such a part of a theatre.


lexentry: eng/pitch-perfect__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: pitch-perfect
trans_list: полный
sense:
(figurative) Utterly flawless and suitable with respect to appearance, atmosphere or tone, expression, or other characteristics.


lexentry: eng/pitch__Noun__2
sense_num: 03
written_rep: pitch
trans_list: бросо́к
sense:
(sports, UK, Australia, NZ) The field on which cricket, soccer, rugby, gridiron or field hockey is played. (In cricket, the pitch is in the centre of the field; see cricket pitch.) (Not often used in the US or Canada, where "field" is the preferred word.)


lexentry: eng/pitch__Noun__2
sense_num: 07
written_rep: pitch
trans_list: питч | шаг
sense:
The distance between evenly spaced objects, e.g. the teeth of a saw or gear, the turns of a screw thread, the centres of holes, or letters in a monospace font.


lexentry: eng/pitch__Noun__2
sense_num: 09
written_rep: pitch
trans_list: тангаж | дифферент
sense:
(nautical, aviation) The degree to which a vehicle, especially a ship or aircraft, rotates on such an axis, tilting its bow or nose up or down.


lexentry: eng/pitch_accent__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pitch accent
trans_list: тональное ударе́ние | тоническое ударе́ние | тоновое ударе́ние
sense:
(phonology) Any of a variety of restricted tone systems that use variations in pitch to give prominence to a syllable or mora within a word. The placement of this tone or the way it is realized can give different meanings to otherwise similar words.


lexentry: eng/pitcher__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pitcher
trans_list: кувши́н
sense:
A wide-mouthed, deep vessel for holding liquids, with a spout or protruding lip and a handle; a water jug or jar with a large ear or handle.


lexentry: eng/pitcher_plant__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pitcher plant
trans_list: непентес
sense:
Any of various insectivorous plants of the genera Sarracenia, Darlingtonia, Heliamphora (in order Ericales); Nepenthes (in order Caryophyllales), or Cephalotus (in order Oxalidales) that have pitcher-like leaves or parts of leaves with slippery sides that attract and trap insects.


lexentry: eng/pitchfork__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pitchfork
trans_list: ви́лы | вилы
sense:
An agricultural tool comprising a fork with sparse, light tines, attached to a long handle, used for pitching hay (especially loose hay) high up onto a stack (as on a wagon or haystack, or into a haymow).


lexentry: eng/pitchman__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pitchman
trans_list: зазывала
sense:
A salesman, especially one who aggressively markets wares from a street stall, or a carnival or side show act.


lexentry: eng/pitchstone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pitchstone
trans_list: смоляной камень
sense:
(geology) a natural glass, rich in microscopic crystallites, formed by the rapid cooling of lava or magma


lexentry: eng/pitfall__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pitfall
trans_list: западня́ | лову́шка | подводный камень
sense:
(figurative) A potential, unsuspected, hidden problem, hazard, or danger that is easily encountered but not immediately obvious.


lexentry: eng/pith__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pith
trans_list: сердцеви́на
sense:
The soft, spongy substance inside plant parts; specifically, the parenchyma in the centre of the roots and stems of many plants and trees.


lexentry: eng/piton__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: piton
trans_list: ска́льный крюк
sense:
(climbing) A spike, wedge, or peg that is driven into a rock or ice surface as a support (as for a mountain climber).


lexentry: eng/pitot_tube__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pitot tube
trans_list: приёмник возду́шного давле́ния
sense:
(aviation) A pressure measuring instrument used to measure fluid flow velocity, especially used to determine the airspeed of an aircraft.


lexentry: eng/pituitary_gland__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pituitary gland
trans_list: гипо́физ | мозгово́й прида́ток | питуита́рная железа́ | прида́ток мо́зга
sense:
(anatomy) An endocrine gland, about the size of a pea, that sits in a small, bony cavity at the base of the brain whose secretions control the other endocrine glands and influence growth, metabolism, and maturation.


lexentry: eng/pivot__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pivot
trans_list: ось | сте́ржень | центр [[вращение|враще́ния]] | шпень | шпинь | штырь
sense:
A thing on which something turns; specifically a metal pointed pin or short shaft in machinery, such as the end of an axle or spindle.


lexentry: eng/pivot__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pivot
trans_list: [[гла́вный]] пункт | [[ключево́й]] [[моме́нт]]
sense:
(figuratively, by extension) Something or someone having a paramount significance in a certain situation.


lexentry: eng/pivot_table__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pivot table
trans_list: сво́дная табли́ца
sense:
(computing) A summary table used for automatic sorting, counting and averaging of the data in another table or spreadsheet.


lexentry: eng/pizza__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pizza
trans_list: пицца | пи́цца
sense:
(uncountable) A baked Italian dish of a thinly rolled bread crust typically topped before baking with tomato sauce, cheese, and other ingredients such as meat or vegetables.


lexentry: eng/piñata__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: piñata
trans_list: пинья́та
sense:
(Latin American culture) A doll or other decorated container that is filled with candy and hit with a hammer or a stick by blindfolded children during birthday parties or other celebrations until the candy falls out.


lexentry: eng/pla_ra__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pla ra
trans_list: пла даєк | пла ра
sense:
A traditional Thai seasoning made by fermenting fish with rice bran or roasted rice powder and salt for a long period.


lexentry: eng/placard__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: placard
trans_list: афи́ша | объявле́ние | плака́т
sense:
A sheet of paper or cardboard with a written or printed announcement on one side for display in a public place.


lexentry: eng/placate__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: placate
trans_list: утихомиривать | умиротворя́ть | унимать | успока́ивать
sense:
(transitive) To calm; to bring peace to; to influence someone who was furious to the point that they become content or at least no longer irate.


lexentry: eng/place__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: place
trans_list: дом | жили́ще
sense:
(often, in street names or addresses) A street, sometimes but not always surrounding a public place, square, or plaza of the same name.


lexentry: eng/place__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: place
trans_list: класть | положи́ть | помести́ть | помеща́ть | поста́вить | ста́вить
sense:
(ergative) To earn a given spot in a competition; to rank at a certain position ((often followed by an ordinal)).


lexentry: eng/place_mat__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: place mat
trans_list: подста́вка
sense:
A protective mat, usually heat-resistant, placed under a single person's tableware (including cutlery) at the dining table.


lexentry: eng/place_of_worship__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: place of worship
trans_list: [[ку́льтовое]] [[сооруже́ние]]
sense:
A place, usually a building such as a church, mosque, synagogue or temple where believers can practise their faith.


lexentry: eng/place_setting__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: place setting
trans_list: конверт
sense:
Items of cutlery, crockery and glassware, and sometimes a place mat, arranged for a person at a dining table.


lexentry: eng/placebo_effect__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: placebo effect
trans_list: эффект плацебо
sense:
(medicine, especially, pharmacology) A phenomenon where a person's health improves after receiving a treatment that has no direct therapeutic mechanism.


lexentry: eng/placeholder__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: placeholder
trans_list: заполни́тель | ры́ба
sense:
Something used or included temporarily or as a substitute for something that is not known or must remain generic; that which holds, denotes or reserves a place for something to come later.


lexentry: eng/placement__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: placement
trans_list: размеще́ние
sense:
The act of placing or putting in place; the act of locating or positioning; the state of being placed.


lexentry: eng/placenta__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: placenta
trans_list: плаце́нта | после́д | семяно́сец
sense:
(botany) In flowering plants, the part of the ovary where ovules develop; in non-flowering plants where the spores develop.


lexentry: eng/placode__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: placode
trans_list: плако́д
sense:
(biology, anatomy, comparative anatomy) A platelike thickening of the epithelial layer of an embryo from which an organ, especially a sense organ, develops.


lexentry: eng/plagiarism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plagiarism
trans_list: плагиа́т | плагиат
sense:
(uncountable) Copying of another person's ideas, text, or other creative work, and presenting it as one's own, especially without permission; plagiarizing.


lexentry: eng/plagiarist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plagiarist
trans_list: плагиа́тор | плагиа́торша
sense:
One who plagiarizes; or lifts the words, writings, or ideas of another, and passes them off as his or her own, thus engaging in plagiarism; a literary thief


lexentry: eng/plagiarize__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plagiarize
trans_list: [[занима́ться]] [[плагиат|плагиа́том]] | спи́сывать | списа́ть
sense:
(ambitransitive) To use, and pass off as one's own, someone else's writing, speech, ideas, or other intellectual or creative work, especially in an academic context; to commit plagiarism.


lexentry: eng/plagioclase__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plagioclase
trans_list: плагиокла́з
sense:
(mineral) Any of a group of aluminum silicate feldspathic minerals ranging in their ratio of calcium to sodium.


lexentry: eng/plague__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plague
trans_list: чума́ | чума
sense:
(often used with the, sometimes capitalized: the Plague) The bubonic plague, the pestilent disease caused by the virulent bacterium Yersinia pestis.


lexentry: eng/plague__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: plague
trans_list: мор | чума́ | пове́трие | эпиде́мия
sense:
(pathology) An epidemic or pandemic caused by any pestilence, but specifically by the above disease.


lexentry: eng/plague__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: plague
trans_list: бе́дствие | беда́ | бич | казнь | напа́сть | наше́ствие
sense:
A widespread affliction, calamity, or destructive influx, especially when seen as divine retribution.


lexentry: eng/plague_doctor__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plague doctor
trans_list: чумной доктор
sense:
(European history) A physician treating the bubonic plague, or employed simply to collect demographic and epidemiological data, especially one wearing protective clothing including goggles and a mask with a long bird's beak filled with aromatics to ward off the disease.


lexentry: eng/plaice__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plaice
trans_list: морска́я ка́мбала | камбала
sense:
Pleuronectes platessa (European plaice), commonly found in the North Sea and Irish Sea, with smooth brown skin and red or orange spots.


lexentry: eng/plaid__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: plaid
trans_list: плед | [[шотла́ндский]] плед | шотла́ндка
sense:
A length of such material used as a piece of clothing, formerly worn in the Scottish Highlands and other parts of northern Britain and remaining as an item of ceremonial dress worn by members of Scottish pipe bands. [from 16thc.]


lexentry: eng/plain_English__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plain English
trans_list: простой английский
sense:
English that does not use any jargon or technical or scientific terminology; simple or easily comprehensible words or language, usually denoting a form restricted by good sense alone, as contrasted with a codified form via controlled natural language.


lexentry: eng/plainclothes__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plainclothes
trans_list: гражданский | штатский
sense:
(usually, of a police officer) Wearing ordinary civilian clothes instead of a uniform, in order to avoid detection.


lexentry: eng/plains-wanderer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plains-wanderer
trans_list: австрали́йский стра́нник
sense:
Pedionomus torquatus, a small quail-like bird in the monotypic family Pedionomidae, endemic to south-eastern Australia.


lexentry: eng/plainsong__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plainsong
trans_list: церковное пение
sense:
(music) A form of monophonic chant in unison using the Gregorian scale, sung in various Christian churches.


lexentry: eng/plaintiff__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plaintiff
trans_list: исте́ц | истец
sense:
(law, UK, _, historic, otherwise, current) A party bringing a suit in civil law against a defendant; accuser.


lexentry: eng/plan__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plan
trans_list: план | схе́ма | чертёж
sense:
A drawing showing technical details of a building, machine, etc., with unwanted details omitted, and often using symbols rather than detailed drawing to represent doors, valves, etc.


lexentry: eng/plan__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: plan
trans_list: план | чертёж
sense:
A two-dimensional drawing of a building as seen from above with obscuring or irrelevant details such as roof removed, or of a floor of a building, revealing the internal layout; as distinct from the elevation.


lexentry: eng/planche__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: planche
trans_list: кульман
sense:
(gymnastics) A position where the gymnast is horizontal and face-down, using only the hands as support.


lexentry: eng/plane__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: plane
trans_list: пло́скость | плоскость
sense:
(geometry) A flat surface extending infinitely in all directions (e.g. horizontal or vertical plane); a bounded portion thereof.


lexentry: eng/plane_angle__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: plane angle
trans_list: пло́ский у́гол
sense:
(geometry) An angle formed by two intersecting planes, measured by the angle between two intersecting straight lines that are in respective planes and perpendicular to the intersection of the planes.


lexentry: eng/planer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: planer
trans_list: руба́нок
sense:
(woodworking) A tool which smooths a surface or makes one surface of a workpiece parallel to the tool's bed.


lexentry: eng/planet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: planet
trans_list: планета | плане́та
sense:
(now, historical, or, astrology) Each of the seven major bodies which move relative to the fixed stars in the night sky—the Moon, Mercury, Venus, the Sun, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn. [from 14thc.]


lexentry: eng/planet__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: planet
trans_list: планета | плане́та
sense:
(astronomy, historical) Any body that orbits the Sun, including the asteroids (as minor planets) and sometimes the moons of those bodies (as satellite planets)


lexentry: eng/planet__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: planet
trans_list: планета | плане́та
sense:
(astronomy, current) A body which is massive enough to be in hydrostatic equilibrium (generally resulting in being an ellipsoid) but not enough to attain nuclear fusion and, in IAU usage, which directly orbits a star (or multiple star) and dominates the region of its orbit; specifically, in the case of the Solar system, the eight major bodies of Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. [from 2006]


lexentry: eng/planetarium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: planetarium
trans_list: планета́рий | планетарий
sense:
A display museum in which images of stars and other astronomical phenomena are projected onto a domed ceiling.


lexentry: eng/planetary_nebula__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: planetary nebula
trans_list: планета́рная тума́нность
sense:
(astronomy) A nebulosity surrounding a dying red giant, consisting of material expelled by the star.


lexentry: eng/planetesimal__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: planetesimal
trans_list: планетезима́ль
sense:
(astronomy) Any of many small, solid astronomical objects that orbit a star and form protoplanets through mutual gravitational attraction.


lexentry: eng/plank__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: plank
trans_list: пункт програ́ммы
sense:
(figurative) A political issue that is of concern to a faction or a party of the people and the political position that is taken on that issue.


lexentry: eng/planner__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: planner
trans_list: ежедне́вник
sense:
A notebook or software in which one keeps reminders of items such as appointments, tasks, projects, and contacts.


lexentry: eng/planning_permission__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: planning permission
trans_list: исхо́дно-разреши́тельная документа́ция
sense:
(Britain, construction, law) Legal permission granted by a government authority to construct on one's land, or to change the use of the land. [from mid 1940s]


lexentry: eng/plant__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plant
trans_list: расте́ние | растение
sense:
(botany) An organism that is not an animal, especially an organism capable of photosynthesis. Typically a small or herbaceous organism of this kind, rather than a tree.


lexentry: eng/plant__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: plant
trans_list: расте́ние | растение
sense:
(botany) An organism of the kingdom Plantae. Now specifically, a living organism of the Embryophyta (land plants) or of the Chlorophyta (green algae), a eukaryote that includes double-membraned chloroplasts in its cells containing chlorophyll a and b, or any organism closely related to such an organism.


lexentry: eng/plant__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: plant
trans_list: расте́ние | растение
sense:
(ecology) Now specifically, a multicellular eukaryote that includes chloroplasts in its cells, which have a cell wall.


lexentry: eng/plant__Noun__1
sense_num: 08
written_rep: plant
trans_list: крот
sense:
Anyone assigned to behave as a member of the public during a covert operation (as in a police investigation).


lexentry: eng/plant__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plant
trans_list: сажа́ть | посади́ть
sense:
(ambitransitive) To place (a seed or plant) in soil or other substrate in order that it may live and grow.


lexentry: eng/plant__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: plant
trans_list: подки́дывать | подки́нуть | подкла́дывать | подложи́ть | устана́вливать | установи́ть
sense:
(transitive) To place (an object, or sometimes a person), often with the implication of intending deceit.


lexentry: eng/plantain__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plantain
trans_list: подоро́жник | подорожник
sense:
A plant of the genus Plantago, with a rosette of sessile leaves about 10 cm (4") long with a narrow part instead of a petiole, and with a spike inflorescence with the flower spacing varying widely among the species. See also psyllium.


lexentry: eng/plantaris__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plantaris
trans_list: подо́швенная мы́шца
sense:
(muscles) A muscle running at the posterior compartment of the calf from the knee to over the hump of the heel.


lexentry: eng/plantation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plantation
trans_list: планта́ция | плантация
sense:
A large farm; estate or area of land designated for agricultural growth. Often includes housing for the owner and workers.


lexentry: eng/planter__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: planter
trans_list: плантатор
sense:
Any member of a similar landed class of (often wealthy) farm owners elsewhere, such as plantation owners whose lands are worked by farm workers, wage slaves, or slaves.


lexentry: eng/plaque__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plaque
trans_list: бля́ха | бля́шка
sense:
(countable) Any flat, thin piece of clay, ivory, metal, etc., used for ornament, or for painting pictures upon, as a dish, plate, slab, etc., hung upon a wall; also, a smaller decoration worn by a person, such as a brooch.


lexentry: eng/plaque__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: plaque
trans_list: мемориа́льная доска́ | табли́чка
sense:
(countable) A piece of flat metal with writing on it, attached to a building, monument, or other structure to remind people of a person or an event.


lexentry: eng/plaque__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: plaque
trans_list: зубно́й ка́мень
sense:
(uncountable, dentistry) An accumulation of biofilm, or bacteria, on teeth, which may develop into dental calculus (tartar).


lexentry: eng/plasma_acceleration__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plasma acceleration
trans_list: [[кильватерный|кильва́терное]] [[ускоре́ние]]
sense:
(physics) A method for accelerating electrically charged particles with a large-amplitude electron plasma wave.


lexentry: eng/plasma_accelerator__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plasma accelerator
trans_list: [[кильва́терный]] [[ускори́тель]] | [[пла́зменный]] [[ускори́тель]]
sense:
(physics) A particle accelerator that uses plasma as the medium of the accelerating field instead of a vacuum, to obtain a larger accelerating gradient.


lexentry: eng/plasmid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plasmid
trans_list: плазми́да
sense:
(cytology) A loop of double-stranded DNA that is separate from — and replicates independently of — the chromosomes; such loops are most commonly found in bacteria, but they are also sometimes found in archaeans and eukaryotic cells, and they are used in genetic engineering as a vector for gene transfer.


lexentry: eng/plasmon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plasmon
trans_list: плазмон
sense:
(physics, astronomy) The quantum of waves produced by the collective effects of large numbers of electrons when disturbed from equilibrium.


lexentry: eng/plaster__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: plaster
trans_list: штукату́рка | гипс
sense:
(uncountable) A mixture of lime or gypsum, sand, and water, sometimes with the addition of fibres, that hardens to a smooth solid and is used for coating walls and ceilings; render, stucco.


lexentry: eng/plaster_cast__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plaster cast
trans_list: гипсовая повя́зка
sense:
(surgery) A cast made of a stiff material (often plaster of Paris and gauze) in order to immobilize a broken bone for the period of healing.


lexentry: eng/plaster_of_Paris__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plaster of Paris
trans_list: алебастр
sense:
A hemihydrate of calcium sulfate, made by calcining gypsum, that hardens when moistened and allowed to dry; used to make casts, molds and sculpture.


lexentry: eng/plasterboard__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plasterboard
trans_list: гипсокарто́н
sense:
A construction material consisting of a rigid panel of several layers of fibreboard or paper bonded to a gypsum core.


lexentry: eng/plastic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: plastic
trans_list: ги́бкий
sense:
(biology) Capable of adapting to varying conditions; characterized by environmental adaptability. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/plastic__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: plastic
trans_list: пластик | пластмасса
sense:
(figurative, slang) Insincerity; fakeness; a person who is fake or arrogant, or believes that they are better than the rest of the population; a narcissistic, affected person.


lexentry: eng/plastic_art__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plastic art
trans_list: изя́щные иску́сства
sense:
An art form which involves physical manipulation of a three-dimensional medium by moulding or modeling such as sculpture or ceramics.


lexentry: eng/plastic_bag__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plastic bag
trans_list: [[пла́стиковый]] [[паке́т]] | [[полиэтиле́новый]] [[паке́т]] | кулёк
sense:
A type of packaging made of thin, flexible, plastic film, starch, or plastic textile, used for containing and transporting food, waste, and consumer goods. (This entry is a translation hub.)


lexentry: eng/plasticity__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: plasticity
trans_list: ги́бкость | пласти́чность | эласти́чность
sense:
(physics) The property of a solid body whereby it undergoes a permanent change in shape or size when subjected to a stress exceeding a particular value (the yield value).


lexentry: eng/plasticizer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plasticizer
trans_list: пластифика́тор
sense:
Any of various substances added to a material (such as plastic or concrete) in order to make it more pliable.


lexentry: eng/plastid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plastid
trans_list: пластид
sense:
(cytology) Any of various organelles found in the cells of plants and algae, often used for photosynthesis.


lexentry: eng/plastron__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plastron
trans_list: пластро́н
sense:
The nearly flat part of the shell structure of a tortoise or other animal, similar in composition to the carapace.


lexentry: eng/plate__Noun__1
sense_num: 10
written_rep: plate
trans_list: блю́до | плакиро́вка | плакирова́ние
sense:
A layer of a material on the surface of something, usually qualified by the type of the material; plating


lexentry: eng/plate__Noun__1
sense_num: 17
written_rep: plate
trans_list: пласти́нка
sense:
(dentistry) A shaped and fitted surface, usually ceramic or metal that fits into the mouth and in which teeth are implanted; a dental plate.


lexentry: eng/platelet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: platelet
trans_list: тромбоци́т
sense:
(hematology, cytology) A small colorless disk-shaped particle found in the blood of mammals, which plays an important role in the formation of blood clots.


lexentry: eng/platen__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: platen
trans_list: пластина
sense:
(printing) The part of a printing press which presses the paper against the type and by which the impression is made.


lexentry: eng/platen__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: platen
trans_list: пластина
sense:
The movable table of a planer or other machine tool, on which the work is fastened, and presented to the action of the tool.


lexentry: eng/platform__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: platform
trans_list: перро́н | платфо́рма | по́диум | помо́ст | эстра́да
sense:
A raised floor for any purpose, e.g. for workmen during construction, or formerly for military cannon.


lexentry: eng/platform__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: platform
trans_list: платфо́рма
sense:
(footwear, in the plural) Ellipsis of platform shoe (“a kind of high shoe with an extra layer between the inner and outer soles”).


lexentry: eng/platform__Noun__1
sense_num: 09
written_rep: platform
trans_list: платфо́рма
sense:
(computing) Ellipsis of computing platform (“a particular type of operating system or environment such as a database or other specific software, and/or a particular type of computer or microprocessor, used to describe a particular environment for running other software”).


lexentry: eng/platform_edge__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: platform edge
trans_list: край платфо́рмы
sense:
A special zone at the edge of the metro platform that passengers are not allowed to enter, except when the vehicle stands still and is available for getting in or out.


lexentry: eng/platitude__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: platitude
trans_list: изби́тая фра́за
sense:
(countable) An often-quoted saying that is supposed to be meaningful but has become unoriginal or hackneyed through overuse.


lexentry: eng/platoon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: platoon
trans_list: взвод
sense:
(military) A unit of thirty to forty soldiers typically commanded by a lieutenant and forming part of a company.


lexentry: eng/platypus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: platypus
trans_list: утконо́с | утконос
sense:
A semi-aquatic, egg-laying monotreme mammal with a bill resembling that of a duck, that has a mole-like body, a tail resembling that of a beaver, a waterproof pelt, and flat webbed feet – males have poisonous spurs on the inside of the back legs; Ornithorhynchus anatinus.


lexentry: eng/plausibility__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: plausibility
trans_list: вероятно
sense:
(now in more positive sense) The fact of being believable; believability, credibility. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/plausible__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
sense: Seemingly or apparently valid, likely, or acceptable; conceivably true or likely.
written_rep: plausible
trans_list:
[[похо́жий]] на [[правда|пра́вду]] | аргументи́рованный | вероя́тный | правдоподо́бный | прие́млемый | состоя́тельный


lexentry: eng/plausible_deniability__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plausible deniability
trans_list: правдоподо́бное отрица́ние
sense:
(politics, business, military, espionage) The organization of clandestine activity in such a way that knowledge of its existence may be denied by those in authority.


lexentry: eng/play_God__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: play God
trans_list: играть Бога | играть в Бога
sense:
(intransitive, usually, _, derogatory) To act in ways commonly associated with or reserved for God, especially by scientific means, such as exercising omnipotence or excessive control over life and nature.


lexentry: eng/play__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: play
trans_list: игра́
sense:
(uncountable, sports, with certain prepositions, also figurative) The sphere or circumstance in which a playing implement, such as a ball, is available to be played (see also in play, out of play).


lexentry: eng/play__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: play
trans_list: пье́са
sense:
(countable) A literary composition, intended to be represented by actors impersonating the characters and speaking the dialogue.


