# translation

lexentry: eng/brilliant__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: brilliant
trans_list: perle
sense:
(uncountable, printing, dated) The size of type between excelsior and diamond, standardized as 4-point.


lexentry: eng/brillig__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brillig
trans_list: brilgue
sense:
A nonce word in Lewis Carroll's Jabberwocky, explained by Humpty Dumpty as "four o'clock in the afternoon — the time when you begin broiling things for dinner."


lexentry: eng/brine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brine
trans_list: saumure
sense:
Salt water; water saturated or strongly impregnated with salt; a salt-and-water solution for pickling.


lexentry: eng/brine_shrimp__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brine shrimp
trans_list: artémie
sense:
An aquatic crustacean of the taxonomic genus Artemia, one species of which is often marketed under the name Sea-Monkeys as a novelty gift.


lexentry: eng/bring_home_the_bacon__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bring home the bacon
sense:
(idiomatic) To have employment which provides remuneration to satisfy the basic needs of oneself and one's family.

trans_list:
faire bouillir la marmite | faire bouillir la popotte | gagner son pain | mettre du pain sur la table


lexentry: eng/bring_in__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: bring in
trans_list: ajouter
sense:
To introduce, add or initiate a person or group of people to an organisation; to give (someone) a share or portion of something.


lexentry: eng/bring_on__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bring on
trans_list: apporter
sense:
(idiomatic, transitive, usually "bring it on") To make something appear, as on a stage or a place of competition.


lexentry: eng/bring_on__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: bring on
trans_list: apporter
sense:
(idiomatic, intransitive, US, informal, often, as imperative) To pose a challenge or threat; to attack; to compete aggressively.


lexentry: eng/bring_to_justice__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bring to justice
trans_list: traduire en justice
sense:
(idiomatic) To cause a person alleged to have committed criminal acts to be brought to trial on the offenses.


lexentry: eng/brinkmanship__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brinkmanship
trans_list: stratégie du bord de [[l’]]abyme
sense:
(chiefly, politics) The pursuit of an advantage by appearing to be willing to take a matter to the brink (for example, by risking a dangerous policy) rather than to concede a point. [from mid 1950s]


lexentry: eng/bristle__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: bristle
trans_list: soie | poil
sense:
The hairs or other filaments that make up a brush, broom, or similar item, typically made from plant cellulose, animal hairs, or synthetic polymers.


lexentry: eng/bristle__Verb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: bristle
trans_list: se hérisser
sense:
(transitive, now, _, rare, _, or, _) To make (something) rise or stand erect, like bristles. [from 16th-early 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/bristletail__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bristletail
trans_list: lépisme | poisson d'argent
sense:
Any of various small, active six-legged arthropods that have two or three bristles at the ends of their abdomens and that do not have wings. These were formerly classified together in the insect subclass Apterygota or the order Thysanura but are no longer considered closely related:


lexentry: eng/brittle_star__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brittle star
trans_list: ophiure
sense:
Any of various echinoderms, of the class Ophiuroidea, that resemble starfish and have long, slender arms that regenerate when snapped off.


lexentry: eng/bro__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: bro
trans_list: frérot
sense:
(slang, derogatory, usually in compounds) Someone, usually male, who aggressively evangelizes a person, concept or technology.


lexentry: eng/broach__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: broach
trans_list: percer un tonneau | perforer
sense:
(transitive) To make a hole in, especially a cask of liquor, and put in a tap in order to draw the liquid.


lexentry: eng/broadband__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: broadband
trans_list: haut débit
sense:
(Internet) An Internet connection provisioned over an existing service using alternate signal frequencies such as ADSL or a cable modem.


lexentry: eng/broadbill__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: broadbill
trans_list: arlequin
sense:
Any of several small passerine birds of the family Eurylaimidae (Asian and Grauer's broadbills) or Calyptomenidae (African and green broadbills).


lexentry: eng/broadcast__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: broadcast
trans_list: émission
sense:
A transmission of a radio or television programme intended to be received by anyone with a receiver.


lexentry: eng/broadleaf__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: broadleaf
trans_list: feuillu
sense:
Pertaining to trees with relatively broad, flat leaves as opposed to needles, or woodlands made up of such trees.


lexentry: eng/broadside__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: broadside
trans_list: bordée | flanc
sense:
(nautical) One side of a ship above the water line; all the guns on one side of a warship; their simultaneous firing.


lexentry: eng/broadsword__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: broadsword
trans_list: estramaçon
sense:
(history) A type of early modern sword that has a broad double-edged blade for cutting (as opposed to the more slender thrust-oriented rapier) and typically a basket hilt.


lexentry: eng/brocade__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brocade
trans_list: brocart
sense:
(countable, uncountable) A thick heavy fabric into which raised patterns have been woven, originally in gold and silver; more recently any cloth incorporating raised, woven patterns.


lexentry: eng/brocard__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brocard
trans_list: brocard
sense:
(legal) A legal principle usually expressed in Latin, traditionally used to concisely express a wider legal concept or rule.


lexentry: eng/broccoli__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: broccoli
trans_list: brocoli
sense:
A plant, Brassica oleracea var. italica, of the cabbage family, Brassicaceae; especially, the tree-shaped flower and stalk that are eaten as a vegetable.


lexentry: eng/broccolini__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: broccolini
trans_list: broccolini
sense:
A green vegetable similar to broccoli but with smaller florets and long thin stalks; a cross between broccoli and kai-lan (Chinese broccoli).


lexentry: eng/broken__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: broken
trans_list: fragmenté
sense:
(meteorology, of the sky) Five-eighths to seven-eighths obscured by clouds; incompletely covered by clouds.


lexentry: eng/broken__Adjective__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: broken
trans_list: approximatif | petit-nègre
sense:
(sports, video games, of a tactic or option) Overpowered; overly powerful; giving a player too much power.


lexentry: eng/broken_plural__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: broken plural
trans_list: pluriel brisé | pluriel interne
sense:
An irregular plural formed by changing the pattern of consonants and vowels inside the singular form, found in the Semitic languages and other Afroasiatic languages such as Berber. An example in Arabic is , the plural form of .


lexentry: eng/brokenhearted__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brokenhearted
trans_list: avoir le cœur brisé
sense:
Grieved and disappointed, especially with the loss of a beloved person or thing, such as the repudiation of a romantic relationship.


lexentry: eng/brolga__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brolga
trans_list: grue brolga
sense:
A large grey crane (Antigone rubicunda, syn. Grus rubicunda), of northern and eastern Australia. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/bromine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bromine
trans_list: brome
sense:
(uncountable) A nonmetallic chemical element (symbol Br) with an atomic number of 35; one of the halogens, it is a fuming red-brown liquid at room temperature.


lexentry: eng/bromoform__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bromoform
trans_list: bromoforme
sense:
(organic compound) The haloform CHBr3, a very heavy liquid that is the bromine analogue of chloroform.


lexentry: eng/bromophenol_blue__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bromophenol blue
trans_list: bleu de bromophénol
sense:
(organic compound) An acid-base indicator, 2,6-dibromo-4-[3-(3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,1-dioxo-3-benzo[c]oxathiolyl]phenol


lexentry: eng/bronchitis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bronchitis
trans_list: bronchite
sense:
(uncountable) An inflammation of the bronchi of the lungs, that causes the cilia of the bronchial epithelial cells to stop functioning.


lexentry: eng/bronchodilator__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bronchodilator
trans_list: bronchodilatateur
sense:
(medicine) Any drug used to dilate and relax the bronchial passages and ease the flow of air to the lungs


lexentry: eng/bronchospasm__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bronchospasm
trans_list: bronchospasme
sense:
(medicine) difficulty in breathing due to a contraction of smooth muscle in the walls of the bronchi and bronchioles


lexentry: eng/brony__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brony
trans_list: brony
sense:
(fandom slang) A (usually major, often male) fan of the animated television series My Little Pony: Friendship is Magic, typically an adult male.


lexentry: eng/bronze__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bronze
trans_list: bronze | airain
sense:
(uncountable) A naturally occurring or man-made alloy of copper, usually in combination with tin, but also with one or more other metals.


lexentry: eng/brooch__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brooch
trans_list: broche
sense:
A piece of ornamental jewellery having a pin allowing it to be fixed to garments worn on the upper body.


lexentry: eng/brood__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brood
trans_list: couvée
sense:
The young of certain animals, especially a group of young birds or fowl hatched at one time by the same mother.


lexentry: eng/brood__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: brood
trans_list: broyer du noir | se morfondre
sense:
(intransitive) (typically with over, on or about) To dwell upon moodily and at length, mainly alone.


lexentry: eng/broom__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: broom
trans_list: balai | ramon
sense:
(countable) A domestic utensil with fibers bound together at the end of a long handle, used for sweeping.


lexentry: eng/broom__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: broom
trans_list: balai | argalou | genêt à balais | ramon
sense:
Any of several yellow-flowered shrubs of the family Fabaceae, with long, stiff, thin branches and small or few leaves used for the domestic utensil.


lexentry: eng/broom_wagon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: broom wagon
trans_list: camion-balai | voiture-balai
sense:
(cycle racing) A vehicle that follows a cycling race, picking up stragglers and carrying food and equipment.


lexentry: eng/brow_ridge__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brow ridge
trans_list: arcade sourcilière
sense:
a bony projection in humans and other primates located above eye sockets delimiting the bottom of the forehead


lexentry: eng/brown_bread__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brown bread
trans_list: pain complet
sense:
Bread with a brown colour as distinct from white bread, wholemeal, granary or other specific types of bread.


lexentry: eng/brown_dwarf__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brown dwarf
trans_list: naine brune
sense:
(star) A starlike object that contracts to about the volume of Jupiter after its formation phase; its mass may range from several times that of Jupiter, such that it fuses deuterium, up to just below the threshold of sustained hydrogen fusion.


lexentry: eng/brown_goshawk__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brown goshawk
trans_list: autour australien
sense:
A bird of prey, Accipiter fasciatus, of Australia, southern Indonesia, New Guinea, and the western Pacific, one of the many species of Accipiter present in the region.


lexentry: eng/brown_hyena__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brown hyena
trans_list: hyène brune
sense:
A comparatively rare species of hyena, Parahyaena brunnea, endemic to desert and semi-desert areas and open woodland savannahs of southern Africa.


lexentry: eng/brown_rice__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brown rice
trans_list: riz complet | riz brun
sense:
Rice with the brownish hull not polished off as in white rice. The hull contains important vitamins, including vitamin B complex, which are missing in white rice.


lexentry: eng/brown_shrike__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brown shrike
trans_list: pie-grièche brune
sense:
Lanius cristatus, a bird in the shrike family (Lanius) that is found mainly in Asia. It is closely related to the red-backed shrike (L. collurio) and isabelline shrike (L. isabellinus).


lexentry: eng/brown_trout__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brown trout
trans_list: truite fario | truite brune
sense:
A nonmigratory freshwater trout of species Salmo trutta, with dark spotted skin, native to Europe and Asia.


lexentry: eng/brownfield__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brownfield
trans_list: site pollué | zone de friche
sense:
(often, attributive) A site, to be used for housing or commerce, that has been previously used for industry and may be contaminated or need extensive clearing.


lexentry: eng/brownie__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brownie
trans_list: brownie
sense:
(usually, countable, culinary, originally, US) A small square piece of rich cake, usually made with chocolate. [from 1897]


lexentry: eng/browse__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: browse
trans_list: feuilleter | parcourir
sense:
To scan, to casually look through in order to find items of interest, especially without knowledge of what to look for beforehand.


lexentry: eng/browse__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: browse
trans_list: naviguer
sense:
(transitive, computing) To navigate through hyperlinked documents on a computer, usually with a browser.


lexentry: eng/browse__Verb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: browse
trans_list: brouter
sense:
(intransitive, of an animal) To move about while eating parts of plants, especially plants other than pasture, such as shrubs or trees.


lexentry: eng/brubru__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brubru
trans_list: brubru
sense:
Also more fully as brubru shrike: a bird in the bushshrike family found in sub-Saharan Africa (Nilaus afer).


lexentry: eng/brucellosis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brucellosis
trans_list: brucellose
sense:
(disease) Infection by a bacterium of the genus Brucella, which is carried by ruminants and other mammals, with symptoms including recurring fevers, sweating, weakness, anorexia, headaches, depression, and generalized aches and pains.


lexentry: eng/bruise__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bruise
trans_list: bleu | ecchymose | contusion | meurtrissure
sense:
A purplish mark on the skin due to leakage of blood from capillaries under the surface that have been damaged by a blow.


lexentry: eng/bruise__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bruise
trans_list: meurtrir | contusionner
sense:
(transitive) To strike (a person), originally with something flat or heavy, but now specifically in such a way as to discolour the skin without breaking it; to contuse.


lexentry: eng/bruiser__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bruiser
trans_list: gorille | malabar
sense:
(by extension, colloquial, derogatory) A tall, strong, heavily built person, usually a man, especially one prone to physical violence; a strong and tough person.


lexentry: eng/bruit__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bruit
trans_list: ébruiter
sense:
(transitive, archaic, _, in, _, Britain, current in the) To disseminate, promulgate, or spread news, a rumour, etc.


lexentry: eng/brunch__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brunch
sense:
A meal eaten later in the day than breakfast and earlier than lunch, and often consisting of typical foods from both of those meals.

trans_list:
brunch | déjeuner dinatoire | déjeuner-diner | déjeunette | grand petit-déjeuner | petit déjeuner-déjeuner


lexentry: eng/brush__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brush
trans_list: brosse
sense:
An implement consisting of multiple more or less flexible bristles or other filaments attached to a handle, used for any of various purposes including cleaning, painting, and arranging hair.


lexentry: eng/brush__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: brush
trans_list: brosse
sense:
A piece of conductive material, usually carbon, serving to maintain electrical contact between the stationary and rotating parts of a machine.


lexentry: eng/brush_one's_teeth__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brush one's teeth
trans_list: se brosser les dents
sense:
To clean one's teeth, especially by using a toothbrush and toothpaste. (This entry is a translation hub.)


lexentry: eng/brushtail_possum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brushtail possum
trans_list: phalanger vulpin | phalanger-renard
sense:
Any nocturnal, arboreal, Australian possum of the genus Trichosurus, having a furred tail with a naked tip.


lexentry: eng/brute__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: brute
trans_list: brute
sense:
A person with the characteristics of an unthinking animal; a coarse or brutal person, particularly one who is dim-witted. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/brute_force__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brute force
trans_list: manière forte
sense:
A method of accomplishing something primarily by means of strength, without the use of great skill, mechanical aids or thought.


lexentry: eng/brute_force__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: brute force
trans_list: brute force | force brute
sense:
(computer science) A method of computation wherein the computer is let to try all permutations of a problem until one is found that provides a solution, in contrast to the implementation of a more intelligent algorithm.


lexentry: eng/bruxism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bruxism
trans_list: bruxisme
sense:
(dentistry) The habit or practice of grinding the teeth, as while sleeping, or due to stress or certain drugs.


lexentry: eng/bryophyte__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bryophyte
trans_list: bryophyte
sense:
(botany) Any plant of the division Bryophyta, defined sensu lato to comprise the mosses, liverworts and hornworts and corresponding to all embryophytes that are not vascular plants.


lexentry: eng/bubble__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: bubble
trans_list: bulle
sense:
(economics) A period of intense speculation in a market, causing prices to rise quickly to irrational levels as the metaphorical bubble expands, and then fall even more quickly as the bubble bursts.


lexentry: eng/bubble__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bubble
trans_list: bouillonner | bulle
sense:
(intransitive) To produce bubbles, to rise up in bubbles (such as in foods cooking or liquids boiling).


lexentry: eng/bubble_bath__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bubble bath
trans_list: bain moussant
sense:
A bath in which an additive, usually soap, is poured directly into the water that creates bubbles; a foam bath.


lexentry: eng/bubble_sort__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bubble sort
trans_list: tri à bulles
sense:
(computing) A sorting algorithm in which pairs of neighboring values are compared and swapped into the right order if necessary in the innermost loop.


lexentry: eng/bubble_tea__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bubble tea
trans_list: thé aux bulles | thé aux perles
sense:
Sweetened tea with milk and tapioca pearls, often including fruit juice, syrup and other ingredients.


lexentry: eng/bubble_wrap__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bubble wrap
trans_list: papier bulle
sense:
Cushioning material consisting of small spheres of air trapped in plastic, sold on long rolls for tearing off, and used as packaging for fragile items.


lexentry: eng/bubblegum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bubblegum
trans_list: chewing-gum | gomme balloune | gomme à bulles | gomme à claquer
sense:
(usually, _, uncountable) A sweet chewing gum formulated to be stretchy so the chewer can blow bubbles with it.


lexentry: eng/bubbler__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: bubbler
trans_list: pipe à eau
sense:
(cannabis, _, subculture) A device used for smoking marijuana, similar to a cannabis pipe but with a section that holds water, like a bong


lexentry: eng/bubo__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bubo
trans_list: bubon
sense:
(pathology) An inflamed swelling of a lymph node, especially in the armpit or groin, due to an infection such as bubonic plague, gonorrhea, tuberculosis, or syphilis.


lexentry: eng/bubonic_plague__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bubonic plague
trans_list: peste bubonique
sense:
(disease) A contagious, often fatal, epidemic disease caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis, transmitted by the bite of fleas from an infected person or rodent, especially a rat, and characterized by delirium, chills, fever, vomiting, diarrhea, and the formation of buboes.


lexentry: eng/buccal__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: buccal
trans_list: joue
sense:
(pharmacology) Administered in the mouth, not by swallowing but by absorption through the skin of the cheek; often by placing between the top gum and the inside of the lip.


lexentry: eng/buccaneer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: buccaneer
trans_list: boucanier
sense:
(nautical) Any of a group of seamen who cruised on their own account on the Spanish Main and in the Pacific in the 17th century, who were similar to pirates but did not prey on ships of their own nation.


lexentry: eng/buck__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: buck
trans_list: bouc
sense:
A male deer, antelope, sheep, goat, rabbit, hare, and sometimes the male of other animals such as the hamster, ferret, shad and kangaroo.


lexentry: eng/buck__Verb__2
sense_num: 02
written_rep: buck
trans_list: ruer
sense:
(intransitive, of a horse, _, or similar saddle or pack animal) To leap upward arching its back, coming down with head low and forelegs stiff, forcefully kicking its hind legs upward, often in an attempt to dislodge or throw a rider or pack.


lexentry: eng/bucket_list__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bucket list
trans_list: liste de choses à faire avant de mourir
sense:
(by extension) A list of things to accomplish before a certain deadline or in a certain time period.


lexentry: eng/bucket_of_bolts__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bucket of bolts
trans_list: tas de ferraille
sense:
(idiomatic, slang) A piece of machinery that is not worth more than its scrap value, often an old car.


lexentry: eng/buckle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: buckle
trans_list: boucle
sense:
A metal clasp with a hinged tongue or a spike through which a belt or strap is passed and penetrated by the tongue or spike, in order to fasten the ends of the belt together or to secure the strap to something else.


lexentry: eng/buckle__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: buckle
trans_list: boucler
sense:
To fasten (something) using a buckle (noun sense 1); hence (obsolete) , to fasten (something) in any way.


lexentry: eng/buckle__Verb__2
sense_num: 02
written_rep: buckle
trans_list: céder | renoncer | s’affaisser | s’écrouler
sense:
(figurative) Of a person: to (suddenly) cease resisting pressure or stress; to give in or give way, to yield.


lexentry: eng/buckle__Verb__2
sense_num: 02
written_rep: buckle
trans_list: se déformer
sense:
Of a thing (especially a slender structure under compression): to collapse or distort under physical pressure.


lexentry: eng/buckle_down__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: buckle down
trans_list: se concentrer
sense:
(intransitive, originally, US, idiomatic) To apply oneself to study, or a task or work; to focus on or take a serious attitude towards something; to put forth the needed effort.


lexentry: eng/buckler__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: buckler
trans_list: bocle | bouclier
sense:
(obsolete) A shield resembling the Roman scutum. In modern usage, a smaller variety of shield is usually implied by this term.


lexentry: eng/buckling__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: buckling
trans_list: flambage
sense:
The action of giving in (slightly) to pressure or stress by developing a bulge, bending or kinking (with the eventual risk of collapsing).


lexentry: eng/buckram__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: buckram
trans_list: bougran
sense:
A coarse cloth of cotton, linen or hemp, stiffened with size or glue, used in bookbinding to cover and protect the books, in garments to keep them in the form intended, and for wrappers to cover merchandise.


lexentry: eng/buckshot__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: buckshot
trans_list: chevrotine
sense:
(chiefly, US) Lead shot used in shotgun cartridges, made of larger pellets than birdshot and suitable for hunting larger game. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]


lexentry: eng/bud__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: bud
trans_list: bourgeon
sense:
A small rounded body in the process of splitting from an organism, which may grow into a genetically identical new organism.


lexentry: eng/bud__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: bud
trans_list: beu
sense:
(usually uncountable, slang) Potent cannabis taken from the flowering part of the plant (the "bud"), or marijuana generally.


lexentry: eng/buddleia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: buddleia
trans_list: buddleia
sense:
A tree or shrub of the genus Buddleja, especially Buddleja davidii, a large ornamental shrub whose lilac flowers attract butterflies.


lexentry: eng/budgerigar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: budgerigar
trans_list: perruche ondulée
sense:
A species of small green parrot, Melopsittacus undulatus, native to inland Australia; a common cagebird throughout the world and bred in many colour varieties.


lexentry: eng/buff-breasted_sandpiper__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: buff-breasted sandpiper
trans_list: bécasseau roussâtre
sense:
Any of species Calidris subruficollis of sandpipers, that breed in the North American tundra and migrate as far as Argentina.


lexentry: eng/buff_out__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: buff out
trans_list: poncer
sense:
To remove paint or light scratches from the surface by friction, wearing it out by polishing or blasting with sand or by employing some similar method.


lexentry: eng/buff_out__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: buff out
trans_list: fignoler
sense:
(idiomatic) To bring something to proper shape by removing or masking minor defects, by straightening out the residual shortcomings.


lexentry: eng/buffalo__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: buffalo
trans_list: buffle
sense:
An animal from the subtribe Bubalina, also known as true buffalos, such as the Cape buffalo, Syncerus caffer, or the water buffalo, Bubalus bubalis.


lexentry: eng/buffer__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: buffer
trans_list: solution tampon
sense:
(chemistry) A solution used to stabilize the pH (acidity) of a liquid, such as by resisting a change in pH when an acid or alkali is added.


lexentry: eng/buffer__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: buffer
trans_list: tampon | mémoire tampon
sense:
(telecommunications) A routine or storage medium used to compensate for a difference in rate of flow of data, or time of occurrence of events, when transferring data from one device to another.


lexentry: eng/buffer_stop__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: buffer stop
trans_list: heurtoir
sense:
(rail, UK) a device installed at the end of a railway line or siding, which is intended to stop trains and other rail vehicles going any further.


lexentry: eng/bufotoxin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bufotoxin
trans_list: bufotoxine
sense:
(organic compound) Any of a family of toxic substances found in toads, other amphibians, and some plants and mushrooms.


lexentry: eng/bug__Noun__1
sense_num: 12
written_rep: bug
trans_list: pixel de tracking | traceur
sense:
A small and usually invisible file (traditionally a single-pixel image) on a World Wide Web page, primarily used to track users.


lexentry: eng/bug__Noun__1
sense_num: 14
written_rep: bug
trans_list: logo
sense:
(television) A small, usually transparent or translucent image placed in a corner of a television program to identify the broadcasting network or cable channel.


lexentry: eng/bug__Noun__1
sense_num: 26
written_rep: bug
trans_list: insecte | petite bête
sense:
(gambling, slang) A metal clip attached to the underside of a table, etc. to hold hidden cards, as a form of cheating.


lexentry: eng/bugbear__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: bugbear
trans_list: croque-mitaine
sense:
(folklore, fantasy) A generic creature, often described as a large goblin, meant to inspire fear in children.


lexentry: eng/bugger__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: bugger
trans_list: abruti | glandu | tête de nœud
sense:
(slang, derogatory, Commonwealth, Hawaii) A foolish or worthless person or thing; a despicable person.


lexentry: eng/bugger_off__Interjection__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bugger off
trans_list: chiotte | flûte | merde | punaise | putain
sense:
(idiomatic, vulgar, UK, Commonwealth, Ireland, emphatic , colloquial) An expression of disagreement or disbelief.


lexentry: eng/bugger_off__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
sense: (intransitive, idiomatic, vulgar) To leave, go away, disappear.
written_rep: bugger off
trans_list:
aller chier dans sa caisse | aller se rhabiller | allez voir là-bas si j'y suis | décarrer | déguerpir | foutre le camp


lexentry: eng/bughouse_chess__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bughouse chess
trans_list: Blitz à quatre
sense:
A variant of chess played on two chessboards by four players in teams of two. Each player plays the other colour of pieces than their teammate, to whom they pass the pieces they capture from their opponent. The teammate can then choose to put one of these pieces on their board as an alternative way of making a move.


lexentry: eng/bugle__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bugle
trans_list: clairon
sense:
(brass instrument) A simple brass instrument consisting of a horn with no valves, playing only pitches in its harmonic series


lexentry: eng/build__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: build
trans_list: carrure
sense:
(countable, uncountable) The physique of a human or animal body, or other object; constitution or structure.


lexentry: eng/build__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: build
trans_list: version
sense:
(computing, countable) Any of various versions of a software product as it is being developed for release to users.


lexentry: eng/build__Verb__1
sense_num: 08
written_rep: build
trans_list: compiler
sense:
(intransitive, computing, of source code) To be converted into software by compilation, usually with minimal human intervention.


lexentry: eng/build_castles_in_the_air__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: build castles in the air
trans_list: bâtir des châteaux en Espagne | bâtir des plans sur la comète | tirer des plans sur la comète
sense:
(transitive, idiomatic) To have any desire, idea, or plan that is unlikely to be realized; to imagine visionary projects or schemes; to have an idle fancy or a pipe dream; to daydream.


lexentry: eng/building_block__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: building block
trans_list: cube
sense:
A block made of wood or plastic that is used as a children's toy and can be stacked or joined to form a larger structure.


lexentry: eng/building_site__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: building site
trans_list: chantier
sense:
(construction) The site, the place where a building is located, is currently under construction, or shall be constructed (including structures other than buildings).


lexentry: eng/building_society__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: building society
trans_list: caisse d'épargne
sense:
(UK, Ireland, Commonwealth, banking ) A type of financial institution which traditionally was based on lending money (as mortgages) to society members to buy houses, from other members' pooled savings and/or money borrowed wholesale.


lexentry: eng/built-in_function__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: built-in function
trans_list: fonction intégrée
sense:
(computing) Any function that is provided as part of a high-level language and can be executed by a simple reference with specification of arguments


lexentry: eng/built_different__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: built different
trans_list: particulié
sense:
(originally, AAVE, idiomatic, slang) Able to do things which others cannot; extremely talented or unusual.


lexentry: eng/buisine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: buisine
trans_list: buisine
sense:
(musical instruments, historical) A medieval wind instrument with a very long, straight and slender body, usually made of metal.


lexentry: eng/bulb__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bulb
trans_list: bulbe | oignon
sense:
The bulb-shaped underground portion of a plant such as a tulip, consisting of a shortened stem and many fleshy scale leaves, from which the rest of the plant may be regrown.


lexentry: eng/bulb__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: bulb
trans_list: bulbe
sense:
Any solid object rounded at one end and tapering on the other, possibly attached to a larger object at the tapered end.


lexentry: eng/bulbul__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bulbul
trans_list: bulbul
sense:
Any of the bulbul species of the Middle East, popular in poetry; sometimes known as the ‘nightingale of the East’.


lexentry: eng/bulge__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bulge
trans_list: bombement | protubérance | bosse
sense:
An object which is sticking out from a surface; a swelling, protuberant part; a bending outward, especially when caused by pressure.


lexentry: eng/bulimia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bulimia
trans_list: boulimie
sense:
(pathology) A chronic eating disorder characterized by a binge-and-purge cycle: extreme overeating followed by self-induced vomiting.


lexentry: eng/bulk__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: bulk
trans_list: vrac
sense:
(uncountable, transport) Unpackaged goods when transported in large volumes, e.g. coal, ore, or grain.


lexentry: eng/bulk_carrier__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bulk carrier
trans_list: vraquier | transporteur de vrac | vracquier
sense:
(nautical) Any ocean-going cargo vessel (merchant ship) designed to carry unpackaged bulk cargo, such as grains, coal, ore, steel coils and cement, in its holds.


lexentry: eng/bulkhead__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bulkhead
trans_list: cloison
sense:
(nautical) A vertical partition dividing the hull into separate compartments; often made watertight to prevent excessive flooding if the ship's hull is breached.


lexentry: eng/bull_bar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bull bar
trans_list: pare-buffle
sense:
(chiefly, Australia, NZ) A welded framework of metal bars at a vehicle's front, designed to protect it during collisions with animals, but often purchased as a fashion accessory.


lexentry: eng/bull_market__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bull market
trans_list: marché haussier
sense:
(finance) A stock market where a majority of investors are buying ("bulls"), causing overall stock prices to rise.


lexentry: eng/bulldog__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bulldog
trans_list: bouledogue
sense:
A breed of dog developed in England by the crossing of the bullbaiting dog and the Pug to produce a ladies' companion dog, having a very smooth coat, a flattened face, wrinkly cheeks, powerful front legs, and smaller hind legs.


lexentry: eng/bulldozer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bulldozer
trans_list: bulldozer
sense:
A tractor with caterpillar tracks and an attached blade for pushing earth and building debris for coarse preliminary surface grading, demolishing building structures, etc.


lexentry: eng/bullet__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bullet
trans_list: balle | projectile
sense:
(informal) An entire round of unfired ammunition for a firearm, including the projectile, the cartridge casing, the propellant charge, etc.


lexentry: eng/bullet__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: bullet
trans_list: puce
sense:
(typography) A printed symbol in the form of a solid circle, “•”, often used to mark items in a list.


lexentry: eng/bullet_time__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bullet time
trans_list: bullet time
sense:
(film, video games) A visual effect in which the camera pans around a slowed-down object, such as a flying bullet.


lexentry: eng/bulleted_list__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bulleted list
trans_list: liste à puces
sense:
A list whose items start with the typographical bullet, that is •, or with other symbols other than numbers.


lexentry: eng/bulletin_board_system__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bulletin board system
trans_list: système babillard electronique
sense:
(computing, historical) A type of computer system, now largely obsolete, used to exchange messages and data over a telecommunications network.


lexentry: eng/bullhead__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bullhead
trans_list: barbote brune
sense:
(North America) any of a variety of related species of generally dark-colored catfish in the family Ictaluridae.


lexentry: eng/bullion__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bullion
trans_list: lingot
sense:
A bulk quantity of precious metal, usually gold or silver, assessed by weight and typically cast as ingots.


lexentry: eng/bullionism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bullionism
trans_list: bullionisme
sense:
(economics, historical) An economic theory that defines wealth by the amount of precious metals owned; a primitive form of mercantilism.


lexentry: eng/bullroarer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bullroarer
trans_list: rhombe
sense:
A ritual musical instrument and means of communicating over extended distances, consisting of a slat of wood tied to the end of a thong or string, with which the slat is whirled so as to cause an intermittent roaring noise.


lexentry: eng/bullshit__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bullshit
trans_list: baratin | conneries | foutaises | n’importe quoi | pipeau
sense:
(vulgar, slang, usual sense) Statements that are false or exaggerated to impress or cheat the listener.


lexentry: eng/bullshitter__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bullshitter
trans_list: baratineur | marchand de tapis | menteur | menteuse
sense:
(vulgar) Someone who lies or exaggerates a lot, especially in order to preserve or enhance their reputation.


lexentry: eng/bully__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bully
trans_list: tyran | brimeur | brute
sense:
A person who is intentionally physically or emotionally cruel to others, especially to those whom they perceive as being vulnerable or of less power or privilege. [from late 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/bulrush__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: bulrush
trans_list: jonc | scirpe
sense:
(AU) Any of various reed-like plants growing near water, especially Typha domingensis and Typha orientalis; cumbungi, wonga. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/bulwark__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: bulwark
trans_list: bastingage | pavois
sense:
(nautical) The planking or plating along the sides of a nautical vessel above her gunwale that reduces the likelihood of seas washing over the gunwales and people being washed overboard.


lexentry: eng/bum's_rush__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bum's rush
trans_list: course à l'échalote | débarquement
sense:
(originally, North America, slang, idiomatic) The forcible ejection of someone, such as a bum or a hobo, from an establishment.


lexentry: eng/bum_wine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bum wine
trans_list: colostrum
sense:
(colloquial, pejorative) Cheap wine of very low quality, sold solely for the purposes of intoxication.


lexentry: eng/bumble__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bumble
trans_list: flageoler
sense:
(intransitive) To act or move in an awkward or confused manner (often clumsily, incompetently, or carelessly). [from 1530s]


lexentry: eng/bumf__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bumf
trans_list: paperasse
sense:
(pejorative) Useless papers; now especially official documents, standardized forms, sales and marketing print material, etc.


lexentry: eng/bumfuck_nowhere__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bumfuck nowhere
trans_list: Macapète | Trou-en-Cambrousse | au milieu de nulle part | bled | trou du cul du monde
sense:
(vulgar) The middle of nowhere; a nondescript, isolated, and underdeveloped locale whose precise location may be difficult to ascertain.


lexentry: eng/bump__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: bump
trans_list: bosse
sense:
(obsolete) One of the protuberances on the cranium which, in phrenology, are associated with distinct faculties or affections of the mind. Also (dated, metonymically) the faculty itself


lexentry: eng/bump__Noun__1
sense_num: 19
written_rep: bump
trans_list: boum
sense:
(card games) In the game of khanhoo, the act of claiming a newly discarded card when it is not one's turn, permitted when one can use the card to form a meld other than a sequence.


lexentry: eng/bump__Verb__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: bump
trans_list: heurter
sense:
(transitive) To move (a booked passenger) to a later flight because of earlier delays or cancellations.


lexentry: eng/bump_up__Verb__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: bump up
trans_list: faire un bond
sense:
(intransitive, idiomatic) To figuratively collide with something; to come into conflict over something.


lexentry: eng/bumper__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: bumper
trans_list: pare-chocs | pare-choc
sense:
(automotive) Parts at the front and back of a vehicle which are meant to absorb the impact of a collision; fender.


lexentry: eng/bunch__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bunch
trans_list: grappe | botte | bouquet | groupe
sense:
A group of similar things, either growing together, or in a cluster or clump, usually fastened together.


lexentry: eng/bunch__Noun__1
sense_num: 08
written_rep: bunch
trans_list: mouche | nid | poche | poche de minerai | poche minéralisée
sense:
(geology, mining) An unusual concentration of ore in a lode or a small, discontinuous occurrence or patch of ore in the wallrock.


lexentry: eng/bunch__Noun__1
sense_num: 09
written_rep: bunch
trans_list: réserve
sense:
(textiles) The reserve yarn on the filling bobbin to allow continuous weaving between the time of indication from the midget feeler until a new bobbin is put in the shuttle.


lexentry: eng/bungalow__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bungalow
trans_list: bungalow
sense:
A thatched or tiled one-story house in India surrounded by a wide veranda; a similar house in this style.


lexentry: eng/bungle__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bungle
trans_list: foirer | rater
sense:
(transitive) To incompetently perform (a task); to ruin (something) through incompetent action; to botch up, to bumble.


lexentry: eng/bunion__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bunion
trans_list: oignon
sense:
(pathology) A bump or bulge on the first joint of the big toe caused by the swelling of a sac of fluid under the skin.


lexentry: eng/bunk__Verb__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bunk
trans_list: buissonner | faire l’école buissonnière
sense:
(British, India) To fail to attend school or work without permission; to play truant (usually as in 'to bunk off').


lexentry: eng/bunk_bed__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bunk bed
trans_list: lits superposés | lit superposé
sense:
Two or more beds fixed on top of one another, so that one person can sleep in each bunk at a different height.


lexentry: eng/bunker__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bunker
trans_list: bunker
sense:
(military) A hardened shelter, often partly buried or fully underground, designed to protect the inhabitants from falling bombs or other attacks.


lexentry: eng/bunker__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bunker
trans_list: bunker
sense:
(nautical) A compartment for storing coal for the ship's boilers; or a tank for storing fuel oil for the ship's engines.


lexentry: eng/bunny_girl__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bunny girl
trans_list: bunny girl
sense:
(slang) A club hostess or other female entertainer wearing a sexually provocative outfit with rabbit-like ears and tail.


lexentry: eng/bunt__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: bunt
trans_list: amorti
sense:
(baseball, softball) A ball that has been intentionally hit softly so as to be difficult to field, sometimes with a hands-spread batting stance or with a close-hand, choked-up hand position. No swinging action is involved.


lexentry: eng/buoy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: buoy
trans_list: bouée | balise | flotteur
sense:
(nautical) A float moored in water to mark a location, warn of danger, indicate a navigational channel or for other purposes


lexentry: eng/buprestid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: buprestid
trans_list: bupreste | buprestidé
sense:
Any of the many beetles of the family Buprestidae, which in the larval stage are destructive wood borers and as adults are often brightly coloured.


lexentry: eng/bur-reed__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bur-reed
trans_list: rubanier
sense:
A group (genus Sparganium) of widespread flowering perennial marsh plants widespread in wet areas in temperate regions.


lexentry: eng/burbot__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: burbot
trans_list: lotte | lote
sense:
A freshwater fish, taxonomic name Lota lota, which is similar to the ling and the cusk and spawns in the winter.


lexentry: eng/burden_of_proof__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: burden of proof
trans_list: charge de la preuve
sense:
(legal) The duty of a party in a legal proceeding to prove an assertion of fact; it includes both the burden of production and the burden of persuasion; the onus probandi.


lexentry: eng/burden_of_proof__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: burden of proof
trans_list: charge de la preuve
sense:
(epistemology) The obligation of the person making a claim in a dispute to provide sufficient evidence for their position.


lexentry: eng/bureau__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: bureau
trans_list: bureau | secrétaire
sense:
(chiefly, British) A desk, usually with a cover and compartments that are located above the level of the writing surface rather than underneath, and often used for storing papers.


lexentry: eng/bureaucracy__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bureaucracy
trans_list: bureaucratie
sense:
(business, organizational theory) A system of administration based upon organisation into bureaus, division of labour, a hierarchy of authority, etc., designed to dispose of a large body of work in a routine manner.


lexentry: eng/bureaucratese__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bureaucratese
trans_list: baratin | charabia | langue de bois
sense:
(informal, pejorative) A style of language, used by bureaucrats, that involves jargon or euphemism to the detriment of broader understanding.


lexentry: eng/bureaucratic_centralism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bureaucratic centralism
trans_list: centralisme bureaucratique
sense:
A set of principles of organization whereby power is centralized and subordinate bureaucrats must follow decisions and carry out orders made by their superiors.


lexentry: eng/burette__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: burette
trans_list: burette
sense:
(chemistry) A glass tube with fine gradations and a stopcock at the bottom, used in laboratory procedures for accurate fluid dispensing and titration.


lexentry: eng/burgee__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: burgee
trans_list: guidon
sense:
A flag, usually a broad tapering pennant, often with a swallowtail, flown by yachts to identify the owner's yacht club.


lexentry: eng/burglary__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: burglary
trans_list: cambriolage
sense:
(law) Under the common law, breaking and entering of the dwelling of another at night with the intent to commit a felony.


lexentry: eng/burglary__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: burglary
trans_list: cambriolage
sense:
The crime of unlawfully breaking into a vehicle, house, store, or other enclosure with the intent to steal.


lexentry: eng/burgomaster__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: burgomaster
trans_list: bourgmestre
sense:
The mayor, or head magistrate, of a town in the Netherlands, Belgium, Germany and certain other countries.


lexentry: eng/burgonet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: burgonet
trans_list: bourguignotte
sense:
(historical) A light helmet worn by infantrymen, bearing a crest and hinged cheekpieces, but typically without a visor.


lexentry: eng/burgrave__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: burgrave
trans_list: burgrave
sense:
(historical) The military governor of a town or castle in the Middle Ages, especially in German-speaking Europe; a nobleman of the same status.


lexentry: eng/burgrave__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: burgrave
trans_list: burgrave
sense:
One who holds a hereditary title, with an associated domain, descended from an ancestor who commanded a burg, especially in German-speaking Europe.


lexentry: eng/burn-in__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: burn-in
trans_list: burn-in
sense:
The phase preceding a burn-out in which a worker's productivity and engagement with their work declines.


lexentry: eng/burn__Verb__1
sense_num: 09
written_rep: burn
trans_list: brûler | avoir
sense:
(transitive) To consume, damage, or change the condition of, as if by action of fire or heat; to affect as fire or heat does.


lexentry: eng/burn__Verb__1
sense_num: 11
written_rep: burn
trans_list: brûler | griller | incendier | oxyder | se consumer | surchauffer
sense:
(chemistry, transitive) To cause to combine with oxygen or other active agent, with evolution of heat; to consume; to oxidize.


lexentry: eng/burn__Verb__1
sense_num: 13
written_rep: burn
trans_list: graver | brûler
sense:
(transitive, computing) To write data to a permanent storage medium like a compact disc or a ROM chip.


lexentry: eng/burn_notice__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: burn notice
trans_list: discrimination
sense:
(espionage) An announcement of dismissal of an agent or source which an intelligence agency considers to have become unreliable.


lexentry: eng/burn_one's_bridges__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: burn one's bridges
trans_list: brûler ses vaisseaux | brûler les ponts | couper les ponts | faire sauter les ponts
sense:
(idiomatic) To destroy one's path, connections, reputation, opportunities, etc., particularly intentionally.


lexentry: eng/burn_out__Verb__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: burn out
trans_list: s'épuiser
sense:
(transitive) To cause (someone) to tire due to overwork; to cause (someone) to overwork to one's limit.


lexentry: eng/burn_phone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: burn phone
trans_list: téléphone graveur
sense:
(informal) A cell phone purchased anonymously with cash, used for only a short time and then discarded, usually used as a means of conducting illegal business or harassment without being traceable to the purchaser.


lexentry: eng/burn_the_candle_at_both_ends__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: burn the candle at both ends
trans_list: brûler la chandelle par les deux bouts
sense:
(idiomatic) To work hard night and day; to sleep late and wake up early; to overwork or overexert oneself.


lexentry: eng/burnet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: burnet
trans_list: pimprenelle
sense:
Any of the herbs of genus Sanguisorba (syn. Poterium), including salad burnet (Sanguisorba minor), an herb used in salads and herbal teas.


lexentry: eng/burning_bush__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: burning bush
trans_list: buisson ardent
sense:
(Judaism, Christianity) A biblical object described in Exodus 3:1-22, used by Yahweh to communicate with Moses.


lexentry: eng/burnish__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: burnish
trans_list: brunir | fourbir
sense:
To make (something, such as a surface) bright, shiny, and smooth by, or (by extension) as if by, rubbing; to polish, to shine.


lexentry: eng/burnout__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: burnout
trans_list: burn
sense:
(automotive) Use of the throttle to spin the wheels of a vehicle being held stationary, causing the spinning tires to produce smoke and burn rubber.


lexentry: eng/buro__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: buro
trans_list: bureau | secrétaire
sense:
a desk, usually with a cover and compartments for storing papers etc. located above the level of the writing surface rather than underneath.


lexentry: eng/burpee__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: burpee
trans_list: burpee
sense:
A physical exercise performed by bending over, performing a squat thrust, returning to a standing position, and jumping once.


lexentry: eng/burqa__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: burqa
trans_list: burqa | voile intégral
sense:
(strictly) An enveloping Central Asian garment which covers the whole body, incorporating a netted screen to cover the eyes, chiefly worn by women in fundamentalist denominations of Islam to observe sartorial hijab (the practice of wearing concealing clothing in front of adult men after the age of puberty).


lexentry: eng/burqini__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: burqini
trans_list: burkini
sense:
A head-to-toe swimsuit, enabling women to conform to the Islamic dress code when bathing on a public beach.


lexentry: eng/burr__Noun__1
sense_num: 09
written_rep: burr
trans_list: bardane
sense:
(engineering) A revolving disk or cone with abrasive surfaces used to grind hard products in a grinder or mill.


lexentry: eng/burrito__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: burrito
trans_list: burrito
sense:
A Mexican dish consisting of a flour tortilla wrapped around a filling of meat and/or beans, cheese etc.


lexentry: eng/bursa__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bursa
trans_list: bourse
sense:
(anatomy) Any of the many small fluid-filled sacs located at the point where a muscle or tendon slides across bone. These sacs serve to reduce friction between the two moving surfaces.


lexentry: eng/burst_someone's_bubble__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: burst someone's bubble
trans_list: casser le morceau | casser le mythe
sense:
(idiomatic) To disillusion; to disabuse someone of a false notion or rationalization that has grown comfortable.


lexentry: eng/bus__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bus
trans_list: bus
sense:
An electrical conductor or interface serving as a common connection for two or more circuits or components.


lexentry: eng/bus_rapid_transit__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bus rapid transit
trans_list: bus à haut niveau de service | service rapide par bus
sense:
(transport) A form of rapid transit using buses, which have dedicated rights-of-way or laneways, purpose-built bus stations, and dedicated traffic signalling.


lexentry: eng/bus_shelter__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bus shelter
trans_list: abribus
sense:
A building or other structure constructed at a bus stop, to provide seating and protection from the weather for the convenience of waiting passengers.


lexentry: eng/busbar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: busbar
trans_list: barre omnibus | jeu de barres
sense:
An electrical conductor that carries a large current, especially one that is part of a power distribution system; typically a thick strip, or a tube, of copper or aluminium.


lexentry: eng/bush__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bush
trans_list: buisson | arbrisseau
sense:
(horticulture) A woody plant distinguished from a tree by its multiple stems and lower height, being usually less than six metres tall; a horticultural rather than strictly botanical category.


lexentry: eng/bush__Noun__3
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bush
trans_list: brousse | cambrousse | maquis
sense:
(Australia) The countryside area of Australia that is less arid and less remote than the outback; loosely, areas of natural flora even within conurbations.


lexentry: eng/bush__Noun__3
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bush
trans_list: brousse | cambrousse | maquis
sense:
(often with "the") Tracts of land covered in natural vegetation that are largely undeveloped and uncultivated.


lexentry: eng/bush_hammer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bush hammer
trans_list: boucharde
sense:
A square-headed hammer with spikes used in stoneworking to either even the surface before polishing, or give it a pockmarked and weathered aspect.


lexentry: eng/bush_pilot__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bush pilot
trans_list: pilote de brousse
sense:
(chiefly, Canada, AU, New Guinea) A pilot who flies small aircraft to and from remote locations, over expanses of relatively unpopulated territory.


lexentry: eng/bushing__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bushing
trans_list: coussinet
sense:
(mechanical engineering) A type of bearing, a cylindrical lining designed to reduce friction and wear inside a hole, often used as a casing for a shaft, pin or hinge.


lexentry: eng/bushranger__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bushranger
trans_list: forçat réfugié dans la brousse
sense:
(Australia, historical) A convict or outlaw who escapes to the bush to avoid capture; a roving bandit who lives in the bush.


lexentry: eng/business_administration__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: business administration
trans_list: administration des affaires | gestion [[d']]entreprise
sense:
(business, education) A course of study in higher education intended to prepare the students for a career in business.


lexentry: eng/business_as_usual__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: business as usual
trans_list: comme si de rien n'était
sense:
(idiomatic) The normal course of an activity, particularly in circumstances that are out of the ordinary.


lexentry: eng/business_card__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: business card
trans_list: carte de visite
sense:
A small card with a person's name and professional information (such as occupation, business phone number, e-mail address, etc.).


lexentry: eng/business_class__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: business class
trans_list: classe affaires
sense:
A high-quality class of travelling (especially in airlines), higher than economy class or budget, lower than first class.


lexentry: eng/business_intelligence__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: business intelligence
trans_list: informatique décisionnelle
sense:
A set of techniques and tools for the acquisition and transformation of raw data into meaningful and useful information for business analysis purposes.


lexentry: eng/business_model__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: business model
trans_list: modèle de gestion d'entreprise
sense:
The particular way in which a business ensures that it generates income, one that includes the choice of offerings, strategies, infrastructure, organizational structures, trading practices, and operational processes and policies.


lexentry: eng/business_park__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: business park
trans_list: zone d’activité
sense:
An area of land consisting solely of commercial buildings and enterprises, as opposed to industrial or residential concerns.


lexentry: eng/business_plan__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: business plan
trans_list: business plan | plan d'affaires
sense:
(business) A summary of how a business owner, manager, or entrepreneur intends to organize an entrepreneurial endeavor and implement activities necessary and sufficient for the venture to succeed.


lexentry: eng/busker__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: busker
trans_list: artiste de rue
sense:
A person who solicits donations while entertaining the public, often by playing a musical instrument, on a street or in another public area such as a park or marketplace.


lexentry: eng/buskin__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: buskin
trans_list: cothurne
sense:
(historical) A type of soft calf- or knee-high boot that laces up the front, sometimes featuring open toes or thick soles, worn in the Greco-Roman world by hunters and horsemen, as well as by actors in Athenian tragedy.


lexentry: eng/bust__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: bust
trans_list: bouziller | choper | gauler | niquer | pincer | prendre la main dans le sac
sense:
(transitive, slang) To catch (someone) in the act of doing something wrong, socially and morally inappropriate, or illegal, especially when being done in a sneaky or secretive state.


lexentry: eng/bust_someone's_balls__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bust someone's balls
trans_list: briser les couilles | casser les couilles | les briser | les casser
sense:
(slang, vulgar) To give someone a hard time, whether by playfully teasing or sincerely harassing them.


lexentry: eng/bustard__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bustard
trans_list: outarde
sense:
Any of several large terrestrial birds of the family Otididae in the order Otidiformes that inhabit dry open country and steppes in the Old World.


lexentry: eng/buster__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: buster
trans_list: pote
sense:
(colloquial, variously expressing familiarity, admiration, or hostility) A form of address, particularly of men: guy, dude, fella, mack, buddy, loser. (Originally as 'old buster.)


lexentry: eng/bustier__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bustier
trans_list: bustier
sense:
A tight-fitting women's top, often strapless, which covers the bust and sometimes extends over the belly, worn either as an undergarment or as outerwear.


lexentry: eng/bustle__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: bustle
trans_list: tournure
sense:
(historical, countable) A frame worn underneath a woman's skirt, typically only protruding from the rear as opposed to the earlier more circular hoops.


lexentry: eng/bustle__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bustle
trans_list: activer
sense:
To teem or abound (usually followed by with); to exhibit an energetic and active abundance (of a thing).


lexentry: eng/busy_work__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: busy work
trans_list: bassotage
sense:
(idiomatic, chiefly, US) Work or activity performed with the intention or result of occupying time, and not necessarily to accomplish something productive; routine work of low priority undertaken for the sake of avoiding idleness.


lexentry: eng/but__Conjunction__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: but
trans_list: mais | cependant
sense:
However, although, nevertheless, on the other hand (introducing a clause contrary to prior belief or in contrast with the preceding clause or sentence).


lexentry: eng/but__Conjunction__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: but
trans_list: sauf | excepté | en dehors de | mais pas | mis à part | à part
sense:
Except that (introducing a subordinate clause which qualifies a negative statement); also, with omission of the subject of the subordinate clause, acting as a negative relative, "except one that", "except such that".


lexentry: eng/butadiene__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: butadiene
trans_list: butadiène
sense:
(organic compound) An unsaturated hydrocarbon, CH2=CH-CH=CH2; it is obtained from petroleum and is used in the preparation of the synthetic rubber polybutadiene.


lexentry: eng/butane__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: butane
trans_list: butane
sense:
(organic compound) A hydrocarbon (either of the two isomers of C4H10 n-butane, and 2-methyl-propane) found in gaseous petroleum fractions.


lexentry: eng/butanone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: butanone
trans_list: butanone
sense:
(organic compound) A simple aliphatic ketone, CH3CH2COCH3, prepared industrially as a solvent, for use in the manufacture of paints etc.


lexentry: eng/butcher_block__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: butcher block
trans_list: billot
sense:
A style of assembled wood (often sugar maple, teak, or walnut) used as heavy duty chopping blocks, table tops, and cutting boards.


lexentry: eng/butler__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: butler
trans_list: majordome
sense:
The chief male servant of a household who has charge of other employees, receives guests, directs the serving of meals, and performs various personal services.


lexentry: eng/butt__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: butt
trans_list: crosse
sense:
(countable) The larger or thicker end of something; the blunt end, in distinction from the sharp or narrow end


lexentry: eng/butt_in__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: butt in
trans_list: ramener sa fraise | s’incruster
sense:
(idiomatic, informal) To join a conversation or situation in which one is not welcome or invited; to interject (connotes a rude or discourteous interruption).


lexentry: eng/butter__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: butter
trans_list: beurre
sense:
Any of various foodstuffs made from other foods or oils, similar in consistency to, eaten like or intended as a substitute for butter (preceded by the name of the food used to make it).


lexentry: eng/butter_dish__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: butter dish
trans_list: beurrier
sense:
A specialized dish for serving butter, typically consisting of a base with a separate fitting lid with its own handle.


lexentry: eng/butter_knife__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: butter knife
trans_list: couteau à beurre
sense:
A non-serrated or unilaterally serrated table knife with a dull edge and rounded point, designed for spreading butter on a piece of bread without tearing it.


lexentry: eng/butter_mountain__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: butter mountain
trans_list: montagne de beurre
sense:
A large surplus of butter, especially as produced by the European Economic Community or its successors.


lexentry: eng/butter_one's_bread_on_both_sides__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: butter one's bread on both sides
trans_list: avoir [[le beurre et l'argent du beurre]]
sense:
(idiomatic) To profit from two things at the same time, especially when those things seem contradictory or incompatible.


lexentry: eng/butter_wouldn't_melt_in_someone's_mouth__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: butter wouldn't melt in someone's mouth
trans_list: on lui donnerait le bon Dieu sans confession
sense:
(idiomatic) The identified person appears to be benign, mild-mannered, or calm (but with an integral suggestion that, to the contrary, he or she really is untrustworthy, disagreeable, or mean-spirited).


lexentry: eng/butterbur__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: butterbur
trans_list: pétasite
sense:
Any of several Eurasian herbs, of the genus Petasites, having dense clusters of often purple flowers.


lexentry: eng/buttercream__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: buttercream
trans_list: crème au beurre
sense:
(cooking) A type of thick, sweet icing or cake-filling made by creaming butter (or sometimes another fat, such as margarine) with powdered sugar.


lexentry: eng/butterfly__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: butterfly
trans_list: papillon
sense:
A flying insect of the order Lepidoptera, distinguished from moths by their diurnal activity and generally brighter colouring. [from 11th c.]


lexentry: eng/butterfly__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: butterfly
trans_list: pansement papillon
sense:
Any of several plane curves that look like a butterfly; see Butterfly curve (transcendental) and Butterfly curve (algebraic).


lexentry: eng/butterfly_door__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: butterfly door
trans_list: porte papillon
sense:
(automotive) A car door similar to scissor door, but while scissor doors move straight up via hinge points at the bottom of the A-pillar, butterfly doors move up and out via hinges along the A-pillar.


lexentry: eng/butterfly_door__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: butterfly door
trans_list: porte papillon
sense:
(architecture) A door which pivots on a central axis, used in locations with a pressure differential between the two sides of the door, so that forces exhibited do not inhibit opening and closing of the door, due to contrary action of forces on the two halves of the door which open inwards and outwards at the same time.


lexentry: eng/butterfly_knot__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: butterfly knot
trans_list: nœud d'encordement | nœud de papillon | nœud de papillon alpin | nœud de vire
sense:
A type of knot used to provide an anchor point on a long line. Much used by mountaineers. Also known as the alpine butterfly knot.


lexentry: eng/butterfly_stroke__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: butterfly stroke
trans_list: papillon
sense:
A swimming stroke in which the body is prone, the arms are moved in simultaneous circles, and the feet are kicked up and down.


lexentry: eng/butterflyfish__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: butterflyfish
trans_list: poisson-papillon
sense:
Any of a group of conspicuous tropical marine fish of the family Chaetodontidae; the bannerfish and coralfish are also included in this group. Butterflyfish are fairly small, mostly from 12 to 22 cm (c.7-9 in) in length.


lexentry: eng/buttermilk__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: buttermilk
trans_list: babeurre | lait battu
sense:
The liquid left over after producing butter from full cream milk by the churning process, also called traditional buttermilk.


lexentry: eng/butthead__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: butthead
trans_list: beauf
sense:
(sometimes, _, vulgar, colloquial, pejorative) An annoying person or someone who is difficult to get along with.


lexentry: eng/butthurt__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: butthurt
trans_list: coincé du cul | offusqué
sense:
(Internet slang, vulgar) Overly annoyed or bothered by a perceived insult or injustice; needlessly offended.


lexentry: eng/buttock__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: buttock
trans_list: fesse
sense:
(usually, in the plural) Each of the two large fleshy halves of the posterior part of the body between the base of the back, the perineum, and the top of the legs.


lexentry: eng/button__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: button
trans_list: bouton
sense:
(clothing) A knob or disc that is passed through a loop or (buttonhole), serving as a fastener. [from mid-13th c.]


lexentry: eng/button__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: button
trans_list: bouton | touche
sense:
A mechanical device meant to be pressed with a finger in order to open or close an electric circuit or to activate a mechanism.


lexentry: eng/button__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: button
trans_list: bouton
sense:
(graphical user interface) An on-screen control that can be selected as an activator of an attached function.


lexentry: eng/button_quail__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: button quail
trans_list: turnix d'Andalousie
sense:
A small quail, especially of species Turnix sylvaticus (common buttonquail), found from Spain to Indonesia.


lexentry: eng/butyl__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: butyl
trans_list: butyle
sense:
(organic chemistry) Any of four isomeric univalent hydrocarbon radicals, C4H9, formally derived from butane by the loss of a hydrogen atom.


lexentry: eng/butylene__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: butylene
trans_list: butylène
sense:
(organic compound) Any of three isomeric aliphatic alkenes containing four carbon atoms and one double bond; their polymers are used as synthetic rubber.


lexentry: eng/butyric__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: butyric
trans_list: butyreux | butyrique
sense:
(organic chemistry) Of, pertaining to, or derived from butyric acid or any of the isomeric univalent radicals of formula C3H7CO2-


lexentry: eng/butyric_acid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: butyric acid
trans_list: acide butyrique
sense:
(fatty acid) Either of the two isomeric carboxylic acids, normal butyric acid and isobutyric acid, with the chemical formula C3H7COOH, occurring in animal milk fat.


lexentry: eng/buy__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: buy
trans_list: acheter | acquérir
sense:
(transitive, archaic) To suffer consequences for (something) through being deprived of something; to pay for (something one has done).


lexentry: eng/buy_into__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: buy into
trans_list: marcher
sense:
(idiomatic) To believe (something, especially something implausible); to accept (a craze, fad, or notion) as valid.


lexentry: eng/buy_the_farm__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
sense: (idiomatic, US, informal, euphemistic) To die; generally, to die in battle or in a plane crash.
written_rep: buy the farm
trans_list:
casser sa pipe | avaler son extrait de naissance | calancher | canner | crever | passer de vie à trépas


lexentry: eng/buyer's_remorse__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: buyer's remorse
trans_list: remords de [[l']]acheteur
sense:
A feeling of anxiety or regret after making, or after promising to make, a purchase, especially a purchase encouraged by a high-pressure sales pitch.


lexentry: eng/buzz__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: buzz
trans_list: bourdonner
sense:
(intransitive) To make a low, continuous, humming or sibilant sound, like that made by bees with their wings.


lexentry: eng/buzz__Verb__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: buzz
trans_list: raser
sense:
(aviation) To fly at high speed and at a very low altitude over a specified area, as to make a surprise pass.


lexentry: eng/buzzard__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: buzzard
trans_list: sale bougre | sale bougresse
sense:
(colloquial, derogatory, slang, often preceded by "old", the "old buzzard") In North America, a curmudgeonly or cantankerous man; an old person; a mean, greedy person.


lexentry: eng/buzzword__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: buzzword
trans_list: formule
sense:
(sometimes, derogatory) A word drawn from, or imitative of, technical jargon, used more to impress others than to convey meaning.


lexentry: eng/by_a_long_shot__Prepositional_phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: by a long shot
trans_list: de loin | haut la main | largement
sense:
(idiomatic, dated, usually, with a negative) By a wide margin; indicates a very big difference or disparity.


lexentry: eng/by_ear__Prepositional_phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: by ear
trans_list: à l'oreille
sense:
(music) To learn to play (an instrument) or sing by listening to recorded music without reading or memorizing sheet music or without any formal instruction.


lexentry: eng/by_no_means__Prepositional_phrase__1
sense_num: 01
sense: (idiomatic) Certainly not; definitely not; not at all.
written_rep: by no means
trans_list:
aucunement | en aucun cas | en aucune façon | en aucune manière | pas du tout | pas le moins du monde


lexentry: eng/by_right__Prepositional_phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: by right
trans_list: de droit | en toute justice | légalement | légitimement
sense:
According to what is right, or what one is legally or morally entitled to; justly, properly, rightfully.


lexentry: eng/by_the_same_token__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: by the same token
trans_list:
dans le même esprit | dans le même ordre d'idées | de la même façon | de la même manière | de même | pour les mêmes raisons


lexentry: eng/by_the_way__Prepositional_phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: by the way
trans_list: au fait | à propos | d'ailleurs | soit dit en passant | tout bien considéré
sense:
(conjunctive, idiomatic) Incidentally; used in referencing a parenthetical statement not timely, central, or crucial to the topic at hand; foregone, passed by, something that has already happened.


lexentry: eng/by_virtue_of__Preposition__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: by virtue of
trans_list: en vertu de | eu égard à | vu | étant donné
sense:
(idiomatic) (originally) By the authority or power of; (now) because of; on the grounds of; by reason of.


lexentry: eng/by_way_of__Phrase__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: by way of
trans_list: du fait de | en passant par | par | par le fait de | pas loin de | via
sense:
(UK, often followed by being) Possessing the characteristics, nature, or standing of; in the state or condition of.


lexentry: eng/bycatch__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bycatch
trans_list: prise accessoire | capture accessoire
sense:
Any fish (or other creatures) that are not targeted as a catch but are unintentionally caught, and often discarded back into the sea.


lexentry: eng/bycoket__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bycoket
trans_list: bicoquet
sense:
(historical) A type of medieval cap with a wide brim that comes to a point in the front and is turned up at the rear, originally worn by Western European nobility and royalty.


lexentry: eng/bypass__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bypass
trans_list: rocade | déviation | contournement
sense:
A replacement road for obsolete road that is no longer in use because devastating natural disasters (earthquakes, tsunamis, landslides).


lexentry: eng/bypass__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: bypass
trans_list: pontage | dérivation
sense:
(medicine) An alternative passage created to divert a bodily fluid around a damaged organ; the surgical procedure to construct such a bypass.


lexentry: eng/byssus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: byssus
trans_list: byssus
sense:
The long fine silky filaments excreted by several mollusks (particularly Pinna nobilis) by which they attach themselves to the sea bed, and from which sea silk is manufactured.


lexentry: eng/bystander__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bystander
trans_list: passant | badaud
sense:
A person who, although present at some event, does not take part in it; an observer, witness, or spectator.


lexentry: eng/byte__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: byte
trans_list: octet | multiplet
sense:
(computing) A short sequence of bits (binary digits) that can be operated on as a unit by a computer; the smallest usable machine word.


lexentry: eng/byte__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: byte
trans_list: octet | multiplet
sense:
(computing, most commonly) A unit of computing storage equal to eight bits, which can represent any of 256 distinct values.


lexentry: eng/bytecode__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bytecode
trans_list: bytecode | code à octets | p-code
sense:
(computing) P-code (various forms of instruction sets designed for efficient execution by a software interpreter as well as being suitable for further compilation into machine code).


lexentry: eng/béarnaise_sauce__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: béarnaise sauce
trans_list: béarnaise | sauce béarnaise
sense:
(cooking) A sauce made of clarified butter emulsified in egg yolks and white wine vinegar and flavored with herbs.


lexentry: eng/bête_noire__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bête noire
trans_list: bête noire
sense:
Someone or something that is unbearable and so particularly avoided or disliked; the bane of someone's existence; an object of aversion; an anathema.


lexentry: eng/c!slash!o__Preposition__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: c/o
trans_list: a/s
sense:
(shipping) Abbreviation of care of, used to identify an intermediary who is responsible for transferring a piece of mail between the postal system and the final addressee.


lexentry: eng/cabaret__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cabaret
trans_list: cabaret
sense:
Live entertainment held in a restaurant or nightclub; the genre of music associated with this form of entertainment, especially in early 20th century Europe.


lexentry: eng/cabassou__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cabassou
trans_list: kabassou
sense:
(obsolete) The southern naked-tailed armadillo, a type of large armadillo native to South America, with five toes and enormous claws (Cabassous unicinctus).


lexentry: eng/cabin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cabin
trans_list: cabane
sense:
(US) A small dwelling characteristic of the frontier, especially when built from logs with simple tools and not constructed by professional builders, but by those who meant to live in it.


lexentry: eng/cabin_boy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cabin boy
trans_list: mousse | moussaillon
sense:
(dated) A boy or young man who is employed to serve as an attendant for passengers or crew members on a ship.


lexentry: eng/cabin_crew__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cabin crew
trans_list: personnel navigant
sense:
(aviation) The members of staff aboard a commercial aircraft, employed to ensure the safety and comfort of their passengers.


lexentry: eng/cabinet__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: cabinet
trans_list: cabinet
sense:
(politics, often, capitalized) In parliamentary and some other systems of government, the group of ministers responsible for creating government policy and for overseeing the departments comprising the executive branch.


lexentry: eng/cabinet_minister__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cabinet minister
trans_list: ministre
sense:
(politics) A member of the executive branch of a government who has been appointed to the cabinet, the group of leading policy makers, advisers, and overseers of governmental departments who report to the prime minister.


lexentry: eng/cable__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cable
trans_list: câble | fil électrique
sense:
An assembly of two or more wires, used for electrical power or data circuits; one or more and/or the whole may be insulated.


lexentry: eng/cable__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cable
trans_list: câble
sense:
(communications) A system for transmitting television or Internet services over a network of coaxial or fibreoptic cables.


lexentry: eng/cable_ferry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cable ferry
trans_list: bac à câble
sense:
(watercraft) a type of ferry which propels itself by means of one or more steel cables laid across a body of water.


lexentry: eng/cable_television__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cable television
trans_list: télévision par câble | câblodiffusion | câblodistribution
sense:
Television received through coaxial cables; specifically, a TV service that provides reception to suburbs or other residential areas through utility lines and offering a wide variety of TV channels through satellite reception.


lexentry: eng/cache-sexe__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cache-sexe
trans_list: cache-sexe
sense:
An article of clothing sufficient to cover the genitalia, primarily as used by an exotic dancer or in certain aboriginal cultures.


lexentry: eng/cache__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cache
trans_list: cache | mémoire cache
sense:
(computing) A fast temporary storage where recently or frequently used information is stored to avoid having to reload it from a slower storage medium.


lexentry: eng/cachexia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cachexia
trans_list: cachexie
sense:
(pathology) A systemic wasting of muscle tissue, with or without loss of fat mass, that accompanies a chronic disease. [from mid 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/cackling_goose__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cackling goose
trans_list: bernache de Hutchins
sense:
Branta hutchinsii, a North American bird of the genus Branta of black geese, which contains species with largely black plumage, distinguishing them from the grey Anser species.


lexentry: eng/cactus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cactus
trans_list: cactus
sense:
(botany) Any member of the family Cactaceae, a family of flowering New World succulent plants suited to a hot, semi-desert climate.


lexentry: eng/cad__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cad
trans_list: goujat
sense:
A low-bred, presuming person; a mean, vulgar fellow, especially one that cannot be trusted with a lady.


lexentry: eng/cad__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cad
trans_list: contrôleur
sense:
(archaic) A person who stands at the door of an omnibus to open and shut it, and to receive fares; a bus conductor.


lexentry: eng/cadastre__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cadastre
trans_list: cadastre
sense:
(cartography) A public survey of land, originally for the purpose of taxation and to create an official register of land ownership.


lexentry: eng/cadaver__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cadaver
trans_list: cadavre
sense:
(literary, medicine) A dead body; especially the corpse of a human to be dissected. [from late 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/cadaverine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cadaverine
trans_list: cadavérine
sense:
A foul-smelling diamine produced by protein hydrolysis during putrefaction of animal tissue. Cadaverine is a toxic diamine with the formula NH2(CH2)5NH2.


lexentry: eng/caddie__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: caddie
trans_list: caddie
sense:
(by extension, golf, also, attributively) A person hired to assist a golfer by carrying their golf clubs and providing advice.


lexentry: eng/caddis_fly__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caddis fly
trans_list: caset
sense:
Any insect, of the order Trichoptera, having two pairs of hairy wings; they are found near lakes and streams.


lexentry: eng/caddy__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: caddy
trans_list: boîtier
sense:
A movable tray or other mechanism for holding (sometimes within a piece of equipment or machinery), securing, and transporting a removable component.


lexentry: eng/cadelle_beetle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cadelle beetle
trans_list: mauresque
sense:
A beetle, known as a common pest in storehouses and granaries throughout the world, Tenebroides mauritanicus.


lexentry: eng/cadence__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: cadence
trans_list: cadence
sense:
(music) A progression of at least two chords which conclude a piece of music, section or musical phrases within it. Sometimes referred to analogously as musical punctuation.


lexentry: eng/cadenza__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cadenza
trans_list: cadence
sense:
(music) A part of a piece of music, such as a concerto, that is very decorative and is played by a single musician.


lexentry: eng/cadge__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cadge
trans_list: extorquer
sense:
(US, British, slang) To obtain something by wit or guile; to convince people to do something they might not normally do.


lexentry: eng/cadre__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cadre
trans_list: cadres
sense:
(military) The framework or skeleton upon which a new regiment is to be formed; the officers of a regiment forming the staff.


lexentry: eng/caduceus__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: caduceus
trans_list: caducée
sense:
A symbol (☤) representing a staff with two snakes wrapped around it, used to indicate merchants and messengers. It is also sometimes incorrectly substituted for the rod of Asclepius as a symbol of medicine.


lexentry: eng/caecum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caecum
trans_list: cæcum | cécum
sense:
(anatomy) A cavity open at one end (such as the blind end of a duct), especially a blind pouch connected to the large intestine between the ileum and the colon.


lexentry: eng/caesaropapism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caesaropapism
trans_list: césaropapisme
sense:
(government, religion) The combination of state (originally imperial) power with religious authority; state authority over ecclesiastical matters.


lexentry: eng/caesium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caesium
trans_list: césium | cæsium
sense:
The chemical element (symbol Cs) with an atomic number of 55. It is a soft, gold-colored, highly reactive alkali metal.


lexentry: eng/cafeteria__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cafeteria
trans_list: cafétéria | cantine | cafèt’
sense:
(chiefly, US, Canada) A restaurant in which customers select their food at a counter then carry it on a tray to a table to eat.


lexentry: eng/cafeteria__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cafeteria
trans_list: cantine | caféteria | réfectoire
sense:
(chiefly, US, Canada) A dining area in an institution where meals may be purchased (as above), provided, or brought in from elsewhere.


lexentry: eng/caffeine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caffeine
trans_list: caféine
sense:
An alkaloid, C8H10N4O2, found naturally in tea and coffee plants, which acts as a mild stimulant on the central nervous system. [from 1830]


lexentry: eng/café__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: café
trans_list: café
sense:
A coffee shop; an establishment selling coffee and sometimes other non-alcoholic beverages, simple meals or snacks, with a facility to consume them on the premises.


lexentry: eng/cahoots__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cahoots
trans_list: ligue
sense:
Chiefly preceded by in: collaboration or collusion, chiefly for a nefarious reason. [from early 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/caiman__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caiman
trans_list: caïman
sense:
(narrowly) Any of the relatively small crocodilians of the genus Caiman, within the family Alligatoridae.


lexentry: eng/caique__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caique
trans_list: caïque
sense:
(nautical) A small wooden trading vessel, brightly painted and rigged for sail, traditionally used for fishing and trawling.


lexentry: eng/cairn__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cairn
trans_list: cairn
sense:
A rounded or conical heap of stones erected by early inhabitants of the British Isles, apparently as a sepulchral monument.


lexentry: eng/cairn__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cairn
trans_list: montjoie
sense:
A pile of stones heaped up as a landmark, to guide travelers on land or at sea, or to arrest attention, as in surveying, or in leaving traces of an exploring party, etc.


lexentry: eng/caisson__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caisson
trans_list: caisson
sense:
(engineering) An enclosure from which water can be expelled, in order to give access to underwater areas for engineering works etc.


lexentry: eng/cajole__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cajole
trans_list: contraindre
sense:
(ambitransitive) To persuade someone to do something which they are reluctant to do, especially by flattery or promises; to coax.


lexentry: eng/cajón__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cajón
trans_list: caisse
sense:
(musical instrument) A box-shaped percussion instrument played by slapping the front or rear faces (generally thin plywood) with the hands, fingers, or sometimes various implements.


lexentry: eng/cake__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cake
trans_list: gâteau | pâtisserie
sense:
A rich, sweet dessert food, typically made of flour, sugar, and eggs and baked in an oven, and often covered in icing.


lexentry: eng/cake__Noun__1
sense_num: 09
written_rep: cake
trans_list: batterie d'artifice | batterie de feu d'artifice
sense:
(pyrotechnics) A multishot fireworks assembly comprising several tubes, each with a fireworks effect, lit by a single fuse.


lexentry: eng/cake_mix__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cake mix
trans_list: mélange à gâteau
sense:
A powdered mixture of the dry ingredients used to produce a cake or the finished mixture before baking.


lexentry: eng/calabash__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: calabash
trans_list: calebasse
sense:
The bottle gourd (calabash vine, Lagenaria siceraria), believed to have originated in Africa, which is grown for its fruit that are used as a vegetable and to make containers (sense 3); the fruit of this plant.


lexentry: eng/calabash__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: calabash
trans_list: calebasse
sense:
A container made from the mature, dried shell of the fruit of one of the above plants; also, a similarly shaped container made from some other material.


lexentry: eng/calamine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calamine
trans_list: calamine
sense:
(inorganic compound) Synonym of smithsonite, a pink form of zinc oxide (mainly zinc carbonate ZnCO3) formed as a byproduct of zinc sublimation, now used in skin lotions.


lexentry: eng/calandra_lark__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calandra lark
trans_list: alouette calandre
sense:
Any bird in the genus Melanocorypha, but especially in the species Melanocorypha calandra of the Mediterranean region and central Asia.


lexentry: eng/calcification__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calcification
trans_list: calcification
sense:
The process of change into a stony or calcareous substance by the deposition of lime salt; normally, as in the formation of bone and of teeth; abnormally, as in the calcareous degeneration of tissue.


lexentry: eng/calcination__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calcination
trans_list: calcination
sense:
The process of calcining: heating a substance to a high temperature, but below its melting point, to bring about thermal decomposition.


lexentry: eng/calcine__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calcine
trans_list: calciner
sense:
(physical chemistry) To heat (a substance) without melting in order to drive off water, etc., and to oxidize or reduce it; specifically, to decompose (carbonates) into oxides, and, especially, to heat (limestone) to form quicklime.


lexentry: eng/calcite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calcite
trans_list: calcite
sense:
(mineral) A very widely distributed crystalline form of calcium carbonate, CaCO3, found as limestone, chalk and marble.


lexentry: eng/calcium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calcium
trans_list: calcium
sense:
The chemical element (Symbol Ca), with an atomic number 20. It is a soft, silvery-white alkaline earth metal which occurs naturally as carbonate in limestone and as silicate in many rocks.


lexentry: eng/calcium_carbide__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calcium carbide
trans_list: carbure de calcium
sense:
(inorganic compound) A black, solid, of formula CaC2, manufactured from lime and carbon at high temperatures; reacts with water to form acetylene.


lexentry: eng/calcium_carbonate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calcium carbonate
trans_list: carbonate de calcium
sense:
(inorganic compound) A colourless or white inorganic compound, CaCO3, occurring as chalk, limestone, marble etc. Reacts with acids to liberate carbon dioxide.


lexentry: eng/calcium_chloride__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calcium chloride
trans_list: chlorure de calcium
sense:
(inorganic compound) The calcium salt of hydrochloric acid, CaCl2; used as a drying agent and to melt ice on roads.


lexentry: eng/calcium_hydroxide__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calcium hydroxide
trans_list: chaux éteinte
sense:
(inorganic compound) A soft, white powder, Ca(OH)2, obtained by the action of water on calcium oxide; slaked lime.


lexentry: eng/calcium_sulfate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calcium sulfate
trans_list: sulfate de calcium
sense:
(inorganic compound) The calcium salt of sulfuric acid, CaSO4, the hydrates of which are known as gypsum or plaster of Paris, and the anhydrous mineral form being anhydrite.


lexentry: eng/calculate__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calculate
trans_list: calculer
sense:
(transitive, mathematics) To determine the value of something or the solution to something by a mathematical process.


lexentry: eng/calculate__Verb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: calculate
trans_list: calculer
sense:
To ascertain or predict by mathematical or astrological computations the time, circumstances, or other conditions of; to forecast or compute the character or consequences of.


lexentry: eng/calculation__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: calculation
trans_list: calcul
sense:
(chess, uncountable) The act or process of imagining sequences of potential moves and responses without actually moving the pieces.


lexentry: eng/calculator__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calculator
trans_list: calculatrice | calculette
sense:
A mechanical or electronic device that performs mathematical calculations; sometimes, an electronic one specifically.


lexentry: eng/calculus__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: calculus
trans_list: calcul
sense:
(countable, mathematics) Any formal system in which symbolic expressions are manipulated according to fixed rules.


lexentry: eng/calculus__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: calculus
trans_list: calcul
sense:
(uncountable, often, definite, the calculus) Differential calculus and integral calculus considered as a single subject.


lexentry: eng/calculus_of_variations__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calculus of variations
trans_list: calcul des variations
sense:
(calculus) The form of calculus that deals with the maxima and minima of definite integrals of functions of many variables.


lexentry: eng/calefactory__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calefactory
trans_list: caléfactoire | chauffoir
sense:
(architecture) The room or building in a monastery holding its communal fire, kept warm and used as a sitting room.


lexentry: eng/calendar__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: calendar
trans_list: calendrier
sense:
A means to determine the date consisting of a document containing dates and other temporal information.


lexentry: eng/calendar_month__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calendar month
trans_list: mois calendaire
sense:
The period of duration from the first date of one month to the last date of the same month, which can thus vary from 28 to 31 days in length.


lexentry: eng/calendar_year__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calendar year
trans_list: an | année civile
sense:
The length of time between the beginning and end of a year as marked on a calendar, such as from 0:00 January 1 to 24:00 December 31 in the Gregorian calendar.


lexentry: eng/calender__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calender
trans_list: calandre
sense:
Calender machine
 A machine, used for the purpose of giving cloth, paper etc., a smooth, even, and glossy or glazed surface, by cold or hot pressure, or for watering them and giving them a wavy appearance; it consists of two or more cylinders revolving nearly in contact, with the necessary apparatus for moving and regulating.


lexentry: eng/caliber__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: caliber
trans_list: calibre
sense:
Unit of measure used to express the length of the bore of a weapon. The number of calibres is determined by dividing the length of the bore of the weapon, from the breech face of the tube to the muzzle, by the diameter of its bore. A gun tube the bore of which is 40 feet (480 inches) long and 12 inches in diameter is said to be 40 calibers long.


lexentry: eng/calico__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calico
trans_list: calicot
sense:
(textiles) A kind of rough cloth made from unbleached and not fully processed cotton, often printed with a bright pattern.


lexentry: eng/californium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: californium
trans_list: californium
sense:
A strongly radioactive and highly fissile transuranic chemical element (symbol Cf) with an atomic number of 98.


lexentry: eng/caliphate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caliphate
trans_list: califat
sense:
Monarchical government based on a claim of succession to the Islamic State of Muhammad, ruled by a caliph.


lexentry: eng/calisthenics__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calisthenics
trans_list: callisthénie
sense:
(in the plural) Physical exercises with the participation of a multitude of muscles and often minimal equipment (thus, usually bodyweight exercises); strength training aspects and cardio aspects are both involved, and stamina is often a focus.


lexentry: eng/call__Noun__1
sense_num: 16
written_rep: call
trans_list: astreinte
sense:
(poker) The act of matching a bet made by a player who has previously bet in the same round of betting.


lexentry: eng/call__Noun__1
sense_num: 22
written_rep: call
trans_list: cri | chant
sense:
(US, law) A reference to, or statement of, an object, course, distance, or other matter of description in a survey or grant requiring or calling for a corresponding object, etc., on the land.


lexentry: eng/call__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: call
trans_list: visiter
sense:
To pay a (social) visit (often used with "on", "round", or "at"; used by salespeople with "again" to invite customers to come again).


lexentry: eng/call__Verb__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: call
trans_list: suivre
sense:
(intransitive, poker, proscribed) To match the current bet amount, in preparation for a raise in the same turn. (Usually, players are forbidden to announce one's play this way.)


lexentry: eng/call_a_spade_a_spade__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: call a spade a spade
trans_list: appeler un chat un chat | appeler les choses par leur nom
sense:
(idiomatic) To put it bluntly, to be outspoken; to speak the truth, to say things as they really are.


lexentry: eng/call_box__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: call box
trans_list: borne d'appel d'urgence
sense:
A box containing a telephone for use in emergency, usually mounted on a post in an area where normal access to telephones is inconvenient (such as on an interstate highway or a very long highway bridge)


lexentry: eng/call_center__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: call center
trans_list: centre d'appels
sense:
(business, telephony) A communications facility where phone calls are handled; especially, a commercial one for customer service, sales and telemarketing.


lexentry: eng/call_collect__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: call collect
trans_list: appeler en PCV
sense:
(US, intransitive) To make a telephone call in which the cost of the call is paid by the person receiving the call; to place a collect call.


lexentry: eng/call_it_quits__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: call it quits
trans_list: arrêter | démissionner
sense:
To conclude; to quit or stop an activity, especially after applying oneself to it for a significant period of time.


lexentry: eng/call_number__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: call number
trans_list: cote
sense:
(library science) An identification number, usually consisting of a combination of numbers and characters, used to identify and locate materials within a library; the shelfmark that conveys it.


lexentry: eng/call_option__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: call option
trans_list: option d'achat
sense:
(finance) An option to buy a stated quantity of an asset or financial product, such as stock, at a stated price (the strike price), on a stated future date (or range of dates).


lexentry: eng/call_to_arms__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: call to arms
trans_list: appel aux armes
sense:
(figurative) An appeal to undertake a particular course of action or to support a specific cause; a call to action.


lexentry: eng/call_to_prayer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: call to prayer
trans_list: appel à la prière
sense:
A public proclamation made five times a day in Muslim societies, broadcast from the mosques, to mark out the ordained occasions for worship.


lexentry: eng/calla__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calla
trans_list: anguine | calla | calla des marais
sense:
A marsh plant native to cooler areas throughout the northern hemisphere, Calla palustris, having pale green flowers in a white spathe.


lexentry: eng/calligraphy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calligraphy
trans_list: calligraphie | chirographie
sense:
(uncountable) The art or practice of writing letters and words in a decorative style; the letters and words so written.


lexentry: eng/calling_card__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: calling card
trans_list: marque de fabrique
sense:
(figurative) An attribute, symptom, object, or behavior which is distinctly characteristic of someone or something.


lexentry: eng/callus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: callus
trans_list: cal | calus | durillon
sense:
A hardened area of the skin (especially on the foot or hand) caused by repeated friction, wear or use.


lexentry: eng/callus__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: callus
trans_list: cal | calus | durillon
sense:
The material of repair in fractures of bone; a substance exuded at the site of fracture, which is at first soft or cartilaginous in consistency, but is ultimately converted into true bone and unites the fragments into a single piece.


lexentry: eng/calm__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calm
trans_list: calme
sense:
(in a person) The state of being calm; peacefulness; absence of worry, anger, fear or other strong negative emotion.


lexentry: eng/calm_before_the_storm__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calm before the storm
trans_list: calme avant la tempête
sense:
(idiomatic) A period of peace before a disturbance or crisis; an unnatural or false calm before a storm.


lexentry: eng/calomel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calomel
trans_list: calomel
sense:
(inorganic compound) Mercurous chloride Hg2Cl2, formerly used as a laxative and disinfectant and to treat syphilis.


lexentry: eng/calorie__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: calorie
trans_list: calorie
sense:
(physical chemistry, physics) The gram calorie or small calorie, a non-SI unit of energy, equivalent to 4.184 joules. This unit was formerly widely used in chemistry and physics, being the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1°C.


lexentry: eng/calorimeter__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calorimeter
trans_list: calorimètre
sense:
(physics) An apparatus for measuring the heat generated or absorbed by either a chemical reaction, change of phase or some other physical change.


lexentry: eng/calorimetry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calorimetry
trans_list: calorimétrie
sense:
(physics) The science of measuring the heat absorbed or evolved during the course of a chemical reaction or change of state.


lexentry: eng/calque__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calque
trans_list: calque
sense:
(linguistics, translation studies) A word or phrase in a language formed by word-for-word or morpheme-by-morpheme translation of a word in another language.


lexentry: eng/calque__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calque
trans_list: calquer
sense:
(linguistics, translation studies, transitive) To adopt (a word or phrase) from one language to another by semantic translation of its parts.


lexentry: eng/caltrop__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caltrop
trans_list: chausse-trape | pied de corbeau
sense:
(weaponry) A metal object, usually small, with spikes arranged so that, when thrown onto the ground, one always faces up as a threat to pedestrians, horses, and vehicles (also used as a heraldic charge).


lexentry: eng/caltrop__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: caltrop
trans_list: tribule terrestre
sense:
Any of a number of flowering plants in the family Zygophyllaceae, including several members of the genus Kallstroemia and the species Tribulus terrestris, native to warm temperate and tropical regions.


lexentry: eng/calve__Verb__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: calve
trans_list: abandonner | perdre | se briser | se casser | se fractionner | se fragmenter
sense:
(transitive, figuratively, especially of an ice shelf, a glacier, an ice sheet, or even an iceberg) To shed (a large piece, e.g. an iceberg); to set loose (a mass of ice), e.g. a block of ice (coming off an iceberg).


lexentry: eng/calx__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calx
trans_list: cendre
sense:
(now, chiefly, historical) The substance which remains after a metal or mineral has been thoroughly burnt, once seen as being the essential substance left after the expulsion of phlogiston, but now recognised as being the metallic oxide (or, in some cases, the metal in a state of sublimation).


lexentry: eng/calyptra__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calyptra
trans_list: calyptre
sense:
(botany) In bryophytes, a thin hood of tissue that forms from the archegonium and covers the developing sporophyte and is shed as it ripens.


lexentry: eng/calyx__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calyx
trans_list: calice
sense:
(botany) The outermost whorl of flower parts, comprising the sepals, which covers and protects the petals as they develop.


lexentry: eng/cam__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cam
trans_list: came
sense:
A turning or sliding piece which imparts motion to a rod, lever or block brought into sliding or rolling contact with it.


lexentry: eng/cambarysu__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cambarysu
trans_list: cambarysu
sense:
A device reportedly used by the Catuquinaru to communicate, consisting of a wooden drum, filled with various materials and half-buried; when one was beaten, the vibrations (travelling through the earth) could be heard on the devices in other villages up to 1.5 km away.


lexentry: eng/camber__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: camber
trans_list: carrossage
sense:
(automotive) The alignment on the roll axis of the wheels of a road vehicle, where positive camber signifies that the wheels are closer together at the bottom than the top.


lexentry: eng/cambium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cambium
trans_list: cambium
sense:
(botany) A layer of cells between the xylem and the phloem that is responsible for the secondary growth of roots and stems.


lexentry: eng/camcorder__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: camcorder
trans_list: caméra vidéo | caméscope
sense:
A camera recorder: a portable electronic device for recording images and audio on to a storage device, hence functioning as a camera and a recorder in a single unit.


lexentry: eng/came__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: came
trans_list: plomb
sense:
A grooved strip of metal, traditionally usually lead or brass and today sometimes stainless steel, used to hold panes of glass together in glazing.


lexentry: eng/camel_driver__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: camel driver
trans_list: chamelier | chamelière
sense:
One whose occupation is to direct, handle and care for camels, especially as a part of a caravan travelling long distances.


lexentry: eng/camel_spider__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: camel spider
trans_list: solifuge
sense:
Any fast-moving, predatory desert arachnid belonging to the order Solifugae having massive paired chelicerae and a long body covered with tactile hairs.


lexentry: eng/camellia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: camellia
trans_list: camélia
sense:
Any plant of the genus Camellia, shrubs and small trees native to Asia; Camellia japonica is the most popular as a garden plant; Camellia sinensis is the tea plant.


lexentry: eng/camera-shy__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
sense: Reluctant or resisting to be photographed.
written_rep: camera-shy
trans_list:
qui [[n']]aime pas être filmé | qui [[n']]aime pas être pris en photo | timide devant [[l']]objectif | timide devant la caméra


lexentry: eng/camo__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: camo
trans_list: camouflage
sense:
(textiles) A pattern on clothing consisting of irregularly shaped patches that are either greenish/brownish, brownish/whitish, or bluish/whitish, as used by ground combat forces.


lexentry: eng/camomile__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: camomile
trans_list: camomille
sense:
Matricaria recutita (formerly known as Matricaria chamomilla), German chamomile or Hungarian chamomile, with fragrant flowers used for tea, and as an herbal remedy.


lexentry: eng/camomile_tea__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: camomile tea
trans_list: camomille | thé à la camomille
sense:
A beverage made by infusing the leaves of the camomile plant (either Matricaria recutita or Chamaemelum nobile) in hot water.


lexentry: eng/camouflage__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: camouflage
trans_list: camouflage
sense:
(military) The use of natural or artificial material on personnel, objects, or tactical positions with the aim of confusing, misleading, or evading the enemy.


lexentry: eng/camp__Verb__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: camp
trans_list: camper
sense:
(intransitive, obsolete) To fight; contend in battle or in any kind of contest; to strive with others in doing anything; compete.


lexentry: eng/camp_follower__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: camp follower
trans_list: vivandier
sense:
(chiefly, historical) A civilian who follows an army, typically a family member of a soldier or someone who provides services to the soldiers, e.g. prostitution, sale of liquor, cooking and laundry.


lexentry: eng/campaigner__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: campaigner
trans_list: activiste
sense:
A person who campaigns for a person running for political office or works, or supports, in an organised and active way towards a goal; an activist.


lexentry: eng/campanile__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: campanile
trans_list: campanile
sense:
A bell tower (especially one that is freestanding), often associated with a church or other public building, especially in Italy.


lexentry: eng/camper__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: camper
trans_list: campeur
sense:
(video games, derogatory) A person who stays in one spot during a first-person shooting game, to guard an item etc.


lexentry: eng/campfire__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: campfire
trans_list: feu de camp
sense:
A fire at a campground or on a camping trip, often used for cooking, to provide light and heat, to drive away bugs, and as a focal point for sitting around in the evening and talking, telling stories, and singing.


lexentry: eng/camphor__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: camphor
trans_list: camphre
sense:
(organic compound) A white transparent waxy crystalline isoprenoid ketone, 1,7,7-trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-one, with a strong pungent odour, used in pharmacy.


lexentry: eng/camphor_tree__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: camphor tree
trans_list: arbre à camphre | bois de Shiu | camphrier | laurier de Chine
sense:
An aromatic, glossy-leaved evergreen tree native to eastern Asia (Cinnamomum camphora, Camphora officinarum) grown as a shade tree as well as for timber and camphor.


lexentry: eng/camping__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: camping
trans_list: camping | campisme
sense:
(uncountable) The recreational or educational activity of temporarily living in a tent or similar accommodation.


lexentry: eng/campus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: campus
trans_list: campus
sense:
The grounds or property of a school, college, university, business, church, or hospital, often understood to include buildings and other structures.


lexentry: eng/can_I_use_your_phone__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: can I use your phone
trans_list: puis-je utiliser votre téléphone
sense:
Indicates that the speaker wants to communicate with someone via the interlocutor's telephone, if it is available.


lexentry: eng/can__Verb__1
sense_num: 09
written_rep: can
trans_list: pouvoir | savoir
sense:
(Manglish, Singlish, intransitive) To be fine or acceptable; to be possible; (with liao or already) to be enough. Often used in conjunction with a variety of clause-final particles, e.g., lah, meh or one, to express different attitudes towards the subject matter.


lexentry: eng/can_of_worms__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: can of worms
trans_list: sac de nœuds
sense:
(idiomatic) A complex, troublesome situation arising when a decision or action produces considerable subsequent problems.


lexentry: eng/canaigre__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: canaigre
trans_list: canaigre
sense:
(US) Rumex hymenosepalus, a species of dock native to southwestern North America with edible red stems and taproots containing tannin. [from mid 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/canapé__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: canapé
trans_list: canapé
sense:
An hors d’oeuvre, a bite-sized open-faced sandwich made of thin bread or toast topped with savory garnish.


lexentry: eng/canard__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: canard
trans_list: avion-canard | canard
sense:
(aviation) A type of aircraft in which the primary horizontal control and stabilization surfaces are in front of the main wing.


lexentry: eng/canard__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: canard
trans_list: aileron | moustache | plan canard
sense:
(transport, engineering, by extension) Any small winglike structure on a vehicle, usually used for stabilization.


lexentry: eng/canary_in_a_coal_mine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: canary in a coal mine
trans_list: avant-coureur | canari dans une mine de charbon
sense:
(idiomatic) Something whose sensitivity to adverse conditions makes it a useful early indicator of such conditions; something which warns of the coming of a greater danger or trouble by a deterioration in its health or welfare.


lexentry: eng/canasta__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: canasta
trans_list: canasta
sense:
(uncountable, games, card games) A card game similar to rummy and played using two packs, where the object is to meld groups of the same rank.


lexentry: eng/cancel__Verb__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: cancel
trans_list: annuler | éliminer
sense:
(transitive, mathematics) To remove a common factor from both the numerator and denominator of a fraction, or from both sides of an equation.


lexentry: eng/cancel__Verb__1
sense_num: 10
written_rep: cancel
trans_list: oblitérer | annuler
sense:
(transitive, neologism) To cease to provide financial or moral support to (someone deemed unacceptable); to disinvite. Compare cancel culture.


lexentry: eng/cancel_culture__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cancel culture
trans_list: cancel culture | culture de l'annulation
sense:
(neologism, often, derogatory) The cultural phenomenon of publicly shaming, rejecting, and ceasing to provide support to people, companies, stores, etc. that are deemed unacceptable, and calling on others to boycott them.


lexentry: eng/cancellation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cancellation
trans_list: annulation | résiliation | suppression | élimination
sense:
The act, process, or result of cancelling; as, the cancellation of certain words in a contract, or of the contract itself.


lexentry: eng/cancellous__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cancellous
trans_list: spongieux
sense:
(anatomy, of bone) Having low density and strength but high surface area, of the kind that fills the inner cavity of long bones.


lexentry: eng/cancer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cancer
trans_list: cancer
sense:
(medicine, oncology, disease) A disease in which the cells of a tissue undergo uncontrolled (and often rapid) proliferation.


lexentry: eng/candareen__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: candareen
trans_list: minute
sense:
A traditional unit of weight in East Asia, approximately 378 milligrams and equivalent to ten cash. A troy candareen is approximately 374 milligrams.


lexentry: eng/candela__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: candela
trans_list: candela | candéla
sense:
In the International System of Units, the base unit of luminous intensity; the luminous intensity, in a given direction, of a source that emits monochromatic radiation of frequency 540 × 1012 hertz and that has a radiant intensity in that direction of 1/683 watt per steradian. Symbol: cd


lexentry: eng/candid_camera__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: candid camera
trans_list: caméra cachée
sense:
(photography) A camera which is concealed or unobtrusive, used to obtain candid photographs of people who usually are unaware; the practice of taking such photos.


lexentry: eng/candle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: candle
trans_list: bougie | chandelle
sense:
A light source consisting of a wick embedded in a solid, flammable substance such as wax, tallow, or paraffin.


lexentry: eng/candrabindu__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: candrabindu
trans_list: chandrabindu | tchandrabindou
sense:
A diacritic used in Indic scripts like Devanagari (ँ), Bengali (ঁ), Gurmukhi ( ਁ), Gujarati (ઁ), Odia (ଁ), and Telugu (ఁ) scripts. It usually indicates that the previous vowel is nasalized. Shown here over the letter "ka" (or in the case of Telugu, after the "ka"):


lexentry: eng/candy_cane__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: candy cane
trans_list: canne de Noël | canne de bonbon | sucre d'orge
sense:
(US, Canada) An edible candy in the shape of a cane or staff, generally consumed during Christmas time and usually having a peppermint flavor.


lexentry: eng/cane__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cane
trans_list: canne | tige
sense:
(uncountable) The slender, flexible main stem of a plant such as bamboo, including many species in the grass family Gramineae


lexentry: eng/cane__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: cane
trans_list: canne | canne blanche
sense:
(countable) A long rod often collapsible and commonly white (for visibility to other persons), used by vision impaired persons for guidance in determining their course and for probing for obstacles in their path


lexentry: eng/cane_toad__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cane toad
trans_list: crapaud-buffle
sense:
A large toad, Rhinella marina (formerly Bufo marinus), of Central and South America, introduced to Australia and various Pacific islands where it is now an invasive pest species.


lexentry: eng/canelé__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: canelé
trans_list: canelé
sense:
A small French pastry (from Bordeaux) with a soft center and a golden crust, made with rum-flavoured crepe batter, cooked in small molds.


lexentry: eng/canid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: canid
trans_list: canidé
sense:
Any member of the family Canidae, including canines (dogs, wolves, coyotes and jackals) and vulpines (foxes).


lexentry: eng/canister__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: canister
trans_list: cartouche
sense:
A component of canister-type protective masks containing a mechanical filter and chemical filling to filter, neutralize and/or absorb toxic chemical, biological and radiological agents.


lexentry: eng/canker__Noun__1
sense_num: 08
written_rep: canker
trans_list: jaune
sense:
An avian disease affecting doves, poultry, parrots and birds of prey, caused by Trichomonas gallinae.


lexentry: eng/cannabis__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cannabis
trans_list: cannabis
sense:
A mildly euphoriant or sedating, intoxicating hallucinogenic drug prepared from various parts of this plant.


lexentry: eng/cannoli__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cannoli
trans_list: cannolo
sense:
(chiefly, _, in the plural) A tube of fried pastry, typical of Sicily, filled with ricotta or similar cream cheese, and flavorings, eaten as a dessert.


lexentry: eng/cannon__Noun__1
sense_num: 12
written_rep: cannon
trans_list: canon
sense:
(Chinese chess) A piece which moves horizontally and vertically like a rook but captures another piece by jumping over a different piece in the line of attack.


lexentry: eng/canoe__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: canoe
trans_list: canoë
sense:
(watercraft) A small long and narrow boat, propelled by one or more people (depending on the size of canoe), using single-bladed paddles. The paddlers face in the direction of travel, in either a seated position, or kneeling on the bottom of the boat. Canoes are open on top, and pointed at both ends.


lexentry: eng/canola_oil__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: canola oil
trans_list: huile de canola
sense:
(US, Canada, Australia) vegetable oil pressed from canola seeds, used in cooking or as basis for biodiesel.


lexentry: eng/canon__Noun__1
sense_num: 08
written_rep: canon
trans_list: canon
sense:
A piece of music in which the same melody is played by different voices, but beginning at different times; a round.


lexentry: eng/canon__Noun__1
sense_num: 10
written_rep: canon
trans_list: canon
sense:
(chiefly, _, fandom, uncountable) Those sources, especially including literary works, which are considered part of the main continuity regarding a given fictional universe; (metonymically) these sources' content.


lexentry: eng/canon__Noun__1
sense_num: 12
written_rep: canon
trans_list: gros-canon
sense:
(printing, dated, uncountable) A large size of type formerly used for printing the church canons, standardized as 48-point.


lexentry: eng/canonization__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: canonization
trans_list: canonisation
sense:
(Christianity) The final process or decree (following beatification) by which the name of a deceased person is placed in the catalogue (canon) of saints and commended to perpetual veneration and invocation.


lexentry: eng/canonize__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: canonize
trans_list: canoniser
sense:
(chiefly, Roman Catholicism) To declare (a deceased person) as a saint, and enter them into the canon of saints.


lexentry: eng/cant__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cant
trans_list: argot
sense:
(countable, uncountable) A private or secret language used by a religious sect, gang, or other group.


lexentry: eng/cant__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: cant
trans_list: armes parlantes
sense:
(countable, heraldry) A blazon of a coat of arms that makes a pun upon the name (or, less often, some attribute or function) of the bearer, canting arms.


lexentry: eng/cantaloupe__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cantaloupe
trans_list: cantaloup
sense:
Cucumis melo Cantalupensis Group, a cultivar group melon with sweet aromatic orange flesh, including two main types:


lexentry: eng/cantata__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cantata
trans_list: cantate
sense:
(music) A vocal composition accompanied by instruments and generally containing more than one movement, typical of 17th and 18th century Italian music.


lexentry: eng/canteen__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: canteen
trans_list: cantine | cafétéria | cafèt’
sense:
A small cafeteria or snack bar, especially one in a military establishment, school, or place of work.


lexentry: eng/canteen__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: canteen
trans_list: gourde | bidon
sense:
A water bottle, flask, or other vessel, typically used by a soldier or camper as a bottle for carrying water or liquor for drink


lexentry: eng/canter__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: canter
trans_list: petit galop
sense:
A gait of a horse between a trot and a gallop, consisting of three beats and a "suspension" phase, where there are no feet on the ground. Also describing this gait on other four-legged animals.


lexentry: eng/cantilever__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cantilever
trans_list: porte-à-faux
sense:
(architecture) A beam anchored at one end and projecting into space, such as a long bracket projecting from a wall to support a balcony.


lexentry: eng/cantillation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cantillation
trans_list: cantillation
sense:
The intonation of a sentence, especially in Hebrew script, codified by marks which are read as sequences of musical pitches.


lexentry: eng/canton__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: canton
trans_list: canton
sense:
A subdivision of a flag, the rectangular inset on the upper hoist (i.e., flagpole) side, the upper-left quadrant of a flag, (the stars of the US national flag are in a canton).


lexentry: eng/cantonist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cantonist
trans_list: cantoniste
sense:
(historical) A young boy in the Russian Empire who was taken to a special school to be trained for future compulsory military service.


lexentry: eng/canvas__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: canvas
trans_list: toile
sense:
A type of coarse cloth, woven from hemp, useful for making sails and tents or as a surface for paintings.


lexentry: eng/canvass__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: canvass
trans_list: soliciter
sense:
(specifically, politics) To seek the support of (voters or a constituency) in a forthcoming election or poll through personal solicitation or public addresses.


lexentry: eng/cap__Noun__1
sense_num: 19
written_rep: cap
trans_list: chapeau | carpophore | pileus | tête
sense:
(nautical) A collar of iron or wood used in joining spars, as the mast and the topmast, the bowsprit and the jib boom; also, a covering of tarred canvas at the end of a rope.


lexentry: eng/cap_and_trade__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cap and trade
trans_list: bourse du carbone
sense:
A market-based approach to control pollution by providing economic incentives for achieving reductions in emissions, participating companies being assigned an emissions quota that can be traded with others if not used.


lexentry: eng/capable__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: capable
trans_list: capable
sense:
Able and efficient; having the ability needed for a specific task; having the disposition to do something; permitting or being susceptible to something.


lexentry: eng/capacitance__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: capacitance
trans_list: capacité électrique
sense:
(physics, uncountable) The property of an electric circuit or its element that permits it to store charge, defined as the ratio of stored charge to potential over that element or circuit (Q/V); SI unit: farad (F).


lexentry: eng/capacitor__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: capacitor
trans_list: condensateur
sense:
(electronics) An electronic component capable of storing electrical energy in an electric field; especially one consisting of two conductors separated by a dielectric.


lexentry: eng/cape__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cape
trans_list: cap
sense:
(geography) A piece or point of land, extending beyond the adjacent coast into a sea or lake; a promontory; a headland.


lexentry: eng/cape__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cape
trans_list: cape
sense:
A sleeveless garment or part of a garment, hanging from the neck over the back, arms, and shoulders.


lexentry: eng/caper__Noun__3
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caper
trans_list: câpre
sense:
The pungent grayish green flower bud of the European and Oriental caper (Capparis spinosa), which is pickled and eaten.


lexentry: eng/caperberry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caperberry
trans_list: capron
sense:
Capparis spinosa, a perennial winter-deciduous plant that bears rounded, fleshy leaves and large white to pinkish-white flowers, often eaten as pickled buds (capers).


lexentry: eng/capercaillie__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: capercaillie
trans_list: grand tétras | grand coq de bruyère
sense:
A large, black grouse of the genus Tetrao in the bird family Phasianidae, especially the western capercaillie, Tetrao urogallus.


lexentry: eng/capillarity__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: capillarity
trans_list: capillarité
sense:
The interaction between the surfaces of a solid and liquid in contact that distorts the normal geometry of the liquid surface; especially the rise or fall of a liquid in a fine tube.


lexentry: eng/capillary__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: capillary
trans_list: capillaire
sense:
(anatomy) Any of the small blood vessels (from 5 to 10 micrometres/micrometers (μm) in diameter) that connect arteries to veins (They are the smallest blood vessels in the body: they convey blood between the arterioles and venules).


lexentry: eng/capillary_action__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: capillary action
trans_list: capillarité
sense:
(physics) The drawing of a liquid (often against gravity) into or up narrow interstices due to surface tension


lexentry: eng/capital__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: capital
trans_list: capital
sense:
(uncountable, business, finance, insurance) Money and wealth. The means to acquire goods and services, especially in a non-barter system.


lexentry: eng/capital_city__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: capital city
trans_list: capitale | chef-lieu
sense:
A city (or cities) much larger or more important to a country than all others, regardless of the actual seat of government (cf., Moscow and Saint Petersburg regardless of moves of the Russian government; Amsterdam despite the Dutch government having been situated in The Hague since 1588).


lexentry: eng/capital_flight__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: capital flight
trans_list: fuite des capitaux
sense:
(economics) The rapid flow of money or assets out of a country in response to globalization or some other economic event.


lexentry: eng/capital_gain__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: capital gain
trans_list: plus-value
sense:
(business, finance) An amount by which the value or the proceeds of the sale of a capital asset by its owner exceed its cost to the owner.


lexentry: eng/capitalisation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: capitalisation
trans_list: capitalisation
sense:
(in particular) The act or process of writing (something: either an entire word or text, or just the initial letter(s) thereof) in capital letters.


lexentry: eng/capitalisation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: capitalisation
trans_list: capitalisation
sense:
Choice of case (when writing a word); the act or process of writing a word in a particular case, such as ALL CAPS, Title Case, CamelCase, Sentence case, or all lowercase.


lexentry: eng/capitalism__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: capitalism
trans_list: capitalisme
sense:
(politics, economic liberalism) A socio-economic system based on private property rights, including the private ownership of resources or capital, with economic decisions made largely through the operation of a market unregulated by the state.


lexentry: eng/capitalize__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: capitalize
trans_list: capitaliser
sense:
(transitive) In writing or editing, to write (something: either an entire word or text, or just the initial letter(s) thereof) in capital letters, in upper case.


lexentry: eng/capitalize__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: capitalize
trans_list: capitaliser
sense:
(transitive, finance) To convert into capital, i.e., to get cash or similar immediately fungible resources for some less fungible property or source of future income.


lexentry: eng/capitulate__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: capitulate
trans_list: capituler | rendre
sense:
(intransitive, originally only in military setting) To surrender on stipulated terms, end all resistance, give up, go along with or comply. [from the end of the 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/capitulation__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: capitulation
trans_list: capitulation
sense:
The act of capitulating or surrendering to an enemy upon stipulated terms; the act of ceasing to resist an opponent or an unwelcome demand.


lexentry: eng/capoeira__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: capoeira
trans_list: capoeira
sense:
(uncountable) A martial art developed in Brazil, involving complex acrobatic maneuvers and flowing movements.


lexentry: eng/caponier__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caponier
trans_list: caponnière
sense:
(military, historical) A work made across or in a ditch, to protect it from the enemy (as fire from it could cover the ditch), or to serve as a covered passageway (e.g. to outworks).


lexentry: eng/capotasto__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: capotasto
trans_list: capodastre
sense:
(music) A device, placed across the strings of a fretted instrument such as a guitar, to shorten the strings and thus allow upward transposition without altered fingering


lexentry: eng/cappuccino__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cappuccino
trans_list: cappuccino
sense:
(uncountable) An Italian coffee-based beverage made from espresso to which milk that has been steamed and/or frothed is added; (countable) a cup of this beverage.


lexentry: eng/capri_pants__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: capri pants
trans_list: capri | corsaire | pantacourt
sense:
Casual pants or trousers, usually for women, with the bottom hem reaching to below the knee but above the ankle (at midcalf, more or less); usually lightweight and summery.


lexentry: eng/capric_acid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: capric acid
trans_list: acide caprique
sense:
(fatty acid) A fatty acid, CH3(CH2)8COOH, obtained from animal fats, and used in the manufacture of perfumes and flavours.


lexentry: eng/caproic_acid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caproic acid
trans_list: acide caproïque
sense:
(fatty acid) A liquid fatty acid, CH3(CH2)4COOH, obtained from animal fats, and used in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals and flavours.


lexentry: eng/caprolactam__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caprolactam
trans_list: caprolactame
sense:
(organic compound) A lactam (cyclic amide) manufactured from cyclohexanone and used in the manufacture of nylon.


lexentry: eng/caprylic_acid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caprylic acid
trans_list: acide caprylique
sense:
(fatty acid) A fatty acid, CH3(CH2)6COOH, obtained from butter and other animal fats, and used in the manufacture of perfumes and flavours.


lexentry: eng/capsaicin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: capsaicin
trans_list: capsaïcine
sense:
(organic compound) A chemical compound found in chilli peppers, which is responsible for their piquancy.


lexentry: eng/capsicum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: capsicum
trans_list: piment | piment doux
sense:
Any of various tropical American plants, of the genus Capsicum, principally the species Capsicum annuum and Capsicum frutescens, that are cultivated as edible peppers.


lexentry: eng/capstan__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: capstan
trans_list: cabestan
sense:
(especially, nautical) A vertical cylindrical machine that revolves on a spindle, typically surmounted by a drumhead with sockets for levers for turning it; used to apply force to cables, ropes, etc.


lexentry: eng/capstan__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: capstan
trans_list: cabestan
sense:
(electronics) A rotating spindle used to move recording tape through the mechanism of a tape recorder.


lexentry: eng/capsule__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: capsule
trans_list: capsule
sense:
(botany) A type of simple, dehiscent, dry fruit (seed-case) produced by many species of flowering plants, such as poppy, lily, orchid, willow and cotton.


lexentry: eng/capsule__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: capsule
trans_list: capsule
sense:
(astronautics) A detachable part of a rocket or spacecraft (usually in the nose) containing the crew's living space.


lexentry: eng/captain__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: captain
trans_list: capitaine | capitaine de vaisseau
sense:
A commissioned officer in the United States Navy, Coast Guard, NOAA Corps, or PHS Corps of a grade superior to a commander and junior to a rear admiral (lower half). A captain is equal in grade or rank to a United States Army, Marine Corps, or Air Force colonel.


lexentry: eng/captain__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: captain
trans_list: capitaine
sense:
One of the athletes on a sports team who is designated to make decisions, and is allowed to speak for his team with a referee or official.


lexentry: eng/caption__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: caption
trans_list: sous-titre | légende | sous-titrage pour sourds et malentendants
sense:
(cinematography, television) A piece of text appearing on screen as a subtitle or other part of a film or broadcast, describing dialogue (and sometimes other sound) for viewers who cannot hear.


lexentry: eng/captious__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: captious
trans_list: piège
sense:
(obsolete) That captures; especially, (of an argument, words etc.) designed to capture or entrap in misleading arguments; sophistical.


lexentry: eng/captivate__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: captivate
trans_list: captiver
sense:
(figuratively) To attract and hold (someone's) attention and interest; to charm, to entrance, to fascinate, to enchain.


lexentry: eng/capture__Verb__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: capture
trans_list: prendre
sense:
(transitive) To remove or take control of an opponent’s piece in a game (e.g., chess, go, checkers).


lexentry: eng/car__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: car
trans_list: voiture | automobile | auto | char
sense:
A wheeled vehicle that moves independently, with at least three wheels, powered mechanically, steered by a driver and mostly for personal transportation.


lexentry: eng/car_battery__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: car battery
trans_list: batterie de voiture
sense:
(automotive) A 12-volt battery used to run the electric starter motor in order to ignite the internal combustion engine of an automobile, and power accessories when the engine is off and the alternator is not turning.


lexentry: eng/car_bomb__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: car bomb
trans_list: voiture piégée
sense:
An automobile laden with a large amount of explosives, and used as a bomb primarily in order to cause external damage.


lexentry: eng/car_bomb__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: car bomb
trans_list: voiture piégée
sense:
An explosive device installed in an automobile with the primary purpose of killing the occupants of the car.


lexentry: eng/car_chase__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: car chase
trans_list: course-poursuite
sense:
(road transport) A chase, usually high-speed, between people in two or more cars or other vehicles, normally between the police or other law enforcement and an offender.


lexentry: eng/car_part__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: car part
trans_list: pièce de voiture
sense:
(automotive) A part that can be fitted to a car, often as a replacement for a worn-out or damaged part.


lexentry: eng/car_radio__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: car radio
trans_list: autoradio
sense:
A radio receiver fitted in a car, typically on or just below the dashboard, sometimes with specific features for use while driving, such as traffic alert interrupts and alternative frequency functions (switching frequencies as one moves in and out of range of transmitters).


lexentry: eng/car_radio__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: car radio
trans_list: autoradio
sense:
An on-board entertainment system in a car, usually including a radio receiver as well as the capability to play audio from recorded media.


lexentry: eng/car_wash__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: car wash
trans_list: station de lavage | lave-auto
sense:
A place at which a car is washed, usually for a fee and often mechanically by driving the car through a tunnel.


lexentry: eng/carabiner__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carabiner
trans_list: mousqueton
sense:
A metal link with a gate that can open and close, generally used for clipping ropes to anchors or other objects.


lexentry: eng/caracal__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caracal
trans_list: caracal
sense:
A type of cat native to Southern Africa, West Asia, and parts of Central and South Asia, Caracal caracal.


lexentry: eng/carapace__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carapace
trans_list: carapace
sense:
A hard protective covering of bone or chitin, especially one which covers the dorsal portion of an animal.


lexentry: eng/carat__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carat
trans_list: carat
sense:
A metric unit of mass equal to exactly 200 mg, chiefly used for measuring precious stones and pearls.


lexentry: eng/carat__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: carat
trans_list: carat
sense:
(historical) Any of several small units of mass used for measuring precious stones and pearls, equivalent to 189–212 mg.


lexentry: eng/caravan__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caravan
trans_list: caravane
sense:
A convoy or procession of travellers, their cargo and vehicles, and any pack animals, especially camels crossing a desert.


lexentry: eng/caravan_city__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caravan city
trans_list: cité caravanière
sense:
(historical) A city, such as some of those in the ancient Near East, which derives its prosperity from its location on a major trans-desert trade route.


lexentry: eng/caravanserai__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caravanserai
trans_list: caravansérail
sense:
(chiefly, historical) A roadside inn, usually having a central courtyard where caravans (see sense 3) can rest, providing accommodation for travellers along trade routes in Asia and North Africa.


lexentry: eng/caravel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caravel
trans_list: caravelle
sense:
(nautical, historical) A light, usually lateen-rigged sailing ship used by the Portuguese and Spanish for about 300 years from the 15th century, first for trade and later for voyages of exploration.


lexentry: eng/carbamazepine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carbamazepine
trans_list: carbamazépine
sense:
(organic compound, pharmaceutical drug) A synthetic compound of the benzodiazepine class, used as an anticonvulsant and analgesic drug.


lexentry: eng/carbamic_acid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carbamic acid
trans_list: acide carbamique
sense:
(organic compound) amino-formic acid, NH2COOH; it is too unstable to have been isolated, but its esters and salts are known.


lexentry: eng/carbide_lamp__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carbide lamp
trans_list: lampe à acétylène
sense:
A simple lamp that produces and burns acetylene (C2H2) created by the reaction of calcium carbide (CaC2) with water.


lexentry: eng/carbohydrate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carbohydrate
trans_list: glucide
sense:
(organic chemistry, nutrition) A sugar, starch, or cellulose that is a food source of energy for an animal or plant.


lexentry: eng/carbon-nitrogen-oxygen_cycle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carbon-nitrogen-oxygen cycle
trans_list: cycle carbone-azote-oxygène
sense:
(physics, astronomy) A group of nuclear reactions, involving the interaction of protons with carbon, nitrogen and oxygen nuclei, thought to be the main source of energy in main-sequence stars of greater than 1.4 solar mass.


lexentry: eng/carbon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carbon
trans_list: carbone
sense:
(uncountable) The chemical element (symbol C) with an atomic number of 6. It can be found in pure form for example as graphite, a black, shiny and very soft material, or diamond, a colourless, transparent, crystalline solid and the hardest known material.


lexentry: eng/carbon_black__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carbon black
trans_list: noir de carbone
sense:
(petrochemistry) A fine black powder of amorphous carbon manufactured by the incomplete combustion of natural gas or oil, and used as a pigment in the manufacture of ink and paint. Used as a filler in rubber and rubber-like polymers, it helps prevent deterioration by ultraviolet rays.


lexentry: eng/carbon_cycle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carbon cycle
trans_list: cycle du carbone
sense:
The physical cycle of carbon through the Earth’s biosphere, geosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere that includes such processes as photosynthesis, decomposition, respiration and carbonification.


lexentry: eng/carbon_dioxide__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carbon dioxide
trans_list: dioxyde de carbone | anhydride carbonique | gaz carbonique
sense:
(inorganic compound) The normal oxide of carbon, CO₂; a colorless, odorless gas formed during respiration and combustion and consumed by plants during photosynthesis.


lexentry: eng/carbon_fiber__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: carbon fiber
trans_list: PRFC | fibre de carbone
sense:
Ellipsis of carbon fiber reinforced polymer/plastic, a type of strong and lightweight composite material, especially epoxied composite laminate.


lexentry: eng/carbon_fixation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carbon fixation
trans_list: photosynthèse
sense:
any process, such as photosynthesis, whereby atmospheric carbon dioxide is converted into organic compounds


lexentry: eng/carbon_footprint__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carbon footprint
trans_list: empreinte carbone
sense:
A measure of the amount of carbon dioxide produced by a person, organization or state in a given time.


lexentry: eng/carbon_group__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carbon group
trans_list: cristallogène
sense:
(chemistry) The vertical group of the periodic table containing carbon, silicon, germanium, tin and lead; the elements have a valence of 4, and show the typical gradation from nonmetal to metal


lexentry: eng/carbon_nanotube__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carbon nanotube
trans_list: nanotube de carbone
sense:
Any nanostructure, a member of the fullerene family, having graphene layers wrapped into perfect cylinders.


lexentry: eng/carbon_offset__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carbon offset
trans_list: compensation carbone | compensation des émissions de carbone
sense:
A reduction in carbon dioxide emission by a third party purchased by a heavy carbon dioxide producer as part of carbon emissions trading.


lexentry: eng/carbon_sink__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carbon sink
trans_list: puits de carbone
sense:
A natural or artificial reservoir that accumulates and stores some carbon-containing chemical compound for an indefinite period.


lexentry: eng/carbon_tax__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carbon tax
trans_list: taxe carbone
sense:
A tax levied on the carbon contents used by the burning fossil fuels, so as to discourage the production of the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide.


lexentry: eng/carbon_tetrachloride__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carbon tetrachloride
trans_list: tétrachlorure de carbone
sense:
(organic chemistry) The halogenated hydrocarbon tetrachloromethane; a toxic, nonflammable liquid, used as a solvent, formerly used in dry cleaning and in fire extinguishers.


lexentry: eng/carbonado__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carbonado
trans_list: carbonado
sense:
(mineral) A dark, non-transparent, impure form of polycrystalline diamond (also containing graphite and amorphous carbon) used in drilling.


lexentry: eng/carbonated__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carbonated
trans_list: gazeux | gazéifié
sense:
Containing carbon dioxide gas under pressure, especially pertaining to beverages, as natural mineral water or man-made drinks.


lexentry: eng/carbonated_water__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carbonated water
trans_list: eau gazeuse
sense:
(idiomatic) Water that contains carbon dioxide dissolved in it under pressure and is intended for drinking.


lexentry: eng/carbonic_acid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carbonic acid
trans_list: acide carbonique
sense:
(inorganic compound) A weak unstable acid, H2CO3, known only in solution, and as carbonate salts; it is present in carbonated drinks, and sparkling wine, but decomposes to form carbon dioxide and water.


lexentry: eng/carboxyl__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carboxyl
trans_list: carboxyle
sense:
(organic chemistry) A univalent functional group consisting of a carbonyl and a hydroxyl functional group (-CO.OH); characteristic of carboxylic acids.


lexentry: eng/carbuncle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carbuncle
trans_list: carboucle
sense:
(archaic) A deep-red or fiery colored garnet or other dark red precious stone, especially when cut cabochon.


lexentry: eng/carburetor__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carburetor
trans_list: carburateur
sense:
(US, Canada) A device in an internal combustion engine where fuel is vaporized and mixed with air prior to ignition. [from 1890s]


lexentry: eng/carcinization__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carcinization
trans_list: carcinisation
sense:
(evolutionary theory, zoology) The convergent evolution of decapod crustaceans from forms dissimilar to true crabs into similar forms. [from 1916]


lexentry: eng/carcinoma__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carcinoma
trans_list: carcinome
sense:
(countable) An invasive malignant tumour derived from epithelial tissue that tends to metastasize to other areas of the body.


lexentry: eng/card__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: card
trans_list: carte
sense:
(uncountable) Paper that is thicker and more durable than normal writing or printing paper, but thinner and more flexible than paperboard, used for postcards, playing cards, etc.; card stock.


lexentry: eng/card__Noun__2
sense_num: 03
written_rep: card
trans_list: carde
sense:
(textiles) A hand-held tool formed similarly to a hairbrush but with bristles of wire or other rigid material. It is used principally with raw cotton, wool, hair, or other natural fibers to prepare these materials for spinning into yarn or thread on a spinning wheel, with a whorl or other hand-held spindle. The card serves to untangle, clean, remove debris from, and lay the fibers straight.


lexentry: eng/cardboard_box__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cardboard box
trans_list: carton
sense:
An industrially prefabricated box made from cardboard, primarily used for packaging goods or materials and often recycled.


lexentry: eng/cardiac__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cardiac
trans_list: cardiaque
sense:
(biology, medicine) Pertaining to the cardia of the stomach; cardial (cardial is the usual adjective in this sense).


lexentry: eng/cardiac_arrest__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cardiac arrest
trans_list: arrêt cardiaque
sense:
(cardiology, pathology) The sudden and complete cessation of the heartbeat resulting in the loss of effective circulation of the blood.


lexentry: eng/cardiac_output__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cardiac output
trans_list: débit cardiaque
sense:
(physiology) The volume of blood ejected from the left ventricle of the heart per unit time, typically per minute.


lexentry: eng/cardigan__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cardigan
trans_list: cardigan | veste
sense:
A type of sweater or jumper that fastens up the front with buttons or a zipper, usually machine- or hand-knitted from wool.


lexentry: eng/cardinal__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: cardinal
trans_list: cardinal
sense:
Describing a “natural” number used to indicate quantity (e.g., zero, one, two, three), as opposed to an ordinal number indicating relative position.


lexentry: eng/cardinal__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cardinal
trans_list: cardinal
sense:
(Roman Catholic) One of the officials appointed by the pope in the Roman Catholic Church, ranking only below the pope, equal to the patriarchs, constituting the special college which elects the pope.


lexentry: eng/cardinal__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cardinal
trans_list: cardinal
sense:
Any of various species of New-World passerine songbird in the genus Cardinalis, or in the family Cardinalidae more generally, or of similar appearance and once considered to be related to the former; so called because of their red plumage. (See Wikipedia article for taxonomical information.)


lexentry: eng/cardinal__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: cardinal
trans_list: rouge cardinal
sense:
A deep red color, somewhat less vivid than scarlet, the traditional colour of a Catholic cardinal's cassock. (same as cardinal red)


lexentry: eng/cardinal__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: cardinal
trans_list: cardinal
sense:
(math) Ellipsis of cardinal number, a number indicating quantity, or the size of a set (e.g., 0, 1, 2, 3). (See Cardinal_number.)


lexentry: eng/cardinal_number__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cardinal number
trans_list: nombre cardinal
sense:
(mathematics) A generalized kind of number used to denote the size of a set, including infinite sets.


lexentry: eng/cardinal_tetra__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cardinal tetra
trans_list: tétra cardinal
sense:
A freshwater fish (Paracheirodon axelrodi, family Characidae), native to rivers in South America, popular as an aquarium fish.


lexentry: eng/cardinal_virtue__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cardinal virtue
trans_list: vertu cardinale
sense:
(Christianity, often, in the plural) One of the four foundational virtues identified by Greek and Christian philosophers, on which other virtues depend: justice, temperance, prudence, or fortitude.


lexentry: eng/cardioid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cardioid
trans_list: cardioïde
sense:
(geometry) An epicycloid with exactly one cusp; the plane curve with polar equation \rho = 1 + \cos\,\theta - approximately heart-shaped


lexentry: eng/cardiopulmonary_resuscitation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cardiopulmonary resuscitation
trans_list: RCP | RCR | réanimation cardio-pulmonaire | réanimation cardio-respiratoire
sense:
A first aid procedure for cardiac arrest involving compression of the chest wall alternating with artificial respiration.


lexentry: eng/cardiovascular_disease__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cardiovascular disease
trans_list: maladie cardiovasculaire
sense:
A disease involving the heart or blood vessels, i.e. arteries and veins, such as coronary heart disease.


lexentry: eng/cardoon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cardoon
trans_list: cardon | artichaut à cardes
sense:
Any of species Cynara cardunculus of prickly perennial plants which has leaf stalks eaten as a vegetable, related to the artichoke.


lexentry: eng/care__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: care
trans_list: intéresser | soucier
sense:
(transitive, intransitive) To be concerned (about), to have an interest (in); to feel concern (about).


lexentry: eng/care_for__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: care for
trans_list: soigner
sense:
(transitive, mostly, in the negative) To like or appreciate; to consider to be appealing, tasteful, or suitable.


lexentry: eng/careen__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: careen
trans_list: caréner | se coucher
sense:
(nautical, transitive) To heave a ship down on one side so as to expose the other, in order to clean it of barnacles and weed, or to repair it below the water line.


lexentry: eng/careerism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: careerism
trans_list: carriérisme
sense:
(derogatory) The overwhelming desire or urge to advance one's own career or social status, usually at the expense of other personal interests, social growth, or ethics.


lexentry: eng/careerism__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: careerism
trans_list: carriérisme
sense:
(chiefly, US) The perception that being a member of the military is a career, rather than an obligation to serve one's country.


lexentry: eng/careless__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: careless
trans_list: négligent | distrait | étourdi
sense:
Not giving sufficient attention or thought, especially concerning the avoidance of harm or mistakes. [from 16thc.]


lexentry: eng/carer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carer
trans_list: soignant | soignante
sense:
(UK, Ireland, Commonwealth) Someone who regularly looks after another person, either as a job or often through family responsibilities.


lexentry: eng/caretaker__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caretaker
trans_list: concierge | gardien | gardienne
sense:
Someone who takes care of a place or thing; someone looking after a place, or responsible for keeping it in good repair.


lexentry: eng/caretaker_government__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caretaker government
trans_list: gouvernement provisoire | gouvernement [[d']]affaires courantes
sense:
(politics) A government that rules temporarily, for example after a no-confidence motion in a parliamentary system.


lexentry: eng/cargo_bike__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cargo bike
trans_list: vélo cargo | vélo de fret
sense:
A bicycle designed for carrying large or heavy loads; by extension, any other pedal cycle such as a tricycle or quadricycle designed in this way.


lexentry: eng/cargo_cult__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cargo cult
trans_list: culte du cargo
sense:
Any of several religious movements among the people of Melanesia that anticipate the arrival of material cargo or cultural restoration, typically through the ritual imitation of the activities of colonial or technological cultures.


lexentry: eng/cargo_hold__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cargo hold
trans_list: cale | cale arrière | cale avant
sense:
(nautical) A hold on a ship (a ship's hold includes the forehold and stern hold), used to store cargo during a voyage.


lexentry: eng/carillon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carillon
trans_list: carillon
sense:
(musical instrument) A set of bells, often in a bell tower, sometimes operated by means of a keyboard (manual or pedal), originating from the Low Countries.


lexentry: eng/caritive_case__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caritive case
trans_list: caritif
sense:
(grammatical case) A case used to express the lack or absence of something. It has the meaning of the English preposition "without." The caritive case is found in some Caucasian languages.


lexentry: eng/carminative__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carminative
trans_list: carminatif
sense:
(medicine) Relieving the discomfort of gas in the digestive tract, either by reducing its production (by the gut microbiota) or by inducing its expulsion (whether as belches [upper GI action] or as flatus [lower GI action]).


lexentry: eng/carminative__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carminative
trans_list: carminatif
sense:
(medicine) A drug or substance that relieves the discomfort of gas in the digestive tract, either by reducing its production (by the gut microbiota) or by inducing its expulsion (whether as belches [upper GI action] or as flatus [lower GI action]).


lexentry: eng/carnassial__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carnassial
trans_list: bosselure
sense:
One of the teeth used by a carnivore for shearing flesh, being the last upper premolar and the first lower molar.


lexentry: eng/carnation__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: carnation
trans_list: œillet
sense:
The type of flower they bear, originally flesh-coloured, but since hybridizing found in a variety of colours.


lexentry: eng/carnet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carnet
trans_list: abonnement
sense:
A ticket book, a collection of tickets in the form of a booklet often sold at a discount to single tickets.


lexentry: eng/carnivore__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carnivore
trans_list: carnivore
sense:
An organism that feeds chiefly on animals; an animal that feeds on meat as the main part of its diet.


lexentry: eng/carny__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carny
trans_list: forain
sense:
(informal, countable) A person who works in a carnival (often one who uses exaggerated showmanship or fraud).


lexentry: eng/carnyx__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carnyx
trans_list: carnyx | carnix
sense:
(brass instrument, historical) A bronze wind instrument used by Iron Age Celts (c. 200 B.C.E. – 200 C.E.) as a type of battle trumpet; held vertically when played, it was shaped like an elongated S with a mouthpiece at the lower end and a bell (often resembling an animal with an open mouth) at the upper end.


lexentry: eng/carom__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carom
trans_list: carambolage
sense:
(countable, cue sports, especially billiards) A shot in which the ball struck with the cue comes in contact with two or more balls on the table; a hitting of two or more balls with the player's ball.


lexentry: eng/carom_billiards__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carom billiards
trans_list: billard carambole
sense:
A family of billiards games generally played on cloth-covered, pocketless tables, which often feature heated slate beds, typically having as the objective to score points or "counts" by caroming one's own cue ball off both the opponent's cue ball and the object ball(s) on a single shot.


lexentry: eng/carotene__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carotene
trans_list: carotène
sense:
(organic chemistry) A class of tetraterpene plant pigments; they vary in colour from yellow, through orange to red, this colour originating in a chain of alternating single and double bonds.


lexentry: eng/carotenoid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carotenoid
trans_list: caroténoïde
sense:
(organic chemistry) Any of a class of yellow to red organic pigments including the carotenes and xanthophylls.


lexentry: eng/carotid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carotid
trans_list: carotide
sense:
(anatomy) Either of the two main arteries that supply blood to the head of which the left in humans arises from the arch of the aorta and the right by bifurcation of the brachiocephalic artery with each passing up the side of the neck and dividing opposite the upper border of the thyroid cartilage into an external branch supplying the face, tongue, and external parts of the head and an internal branch supplying the brain, eye, and other internal parts of the head.


lexentry: eng/carp__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carp
trans_list: carpe
sense:
Any of various freshwater fish of the family Cyprinidae; specifically the common carp, Cyprinus carpio.


lexentry: eng/carp__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carp
trans_list: maugréer
sense:
To criticize or complain about a fault, especially for frivolous or petty reasons; to cavil. [(often) with at]


lexentry: eng/carpal_tunnel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carpal tunnel
trans_list: canal carpien
sense:
(countable, anatomy) A fibro-osseous passageway on the palmar side of the wrist that connects the distal forearm to the middle compartment of the deep plane of the palm.


lexentry: eng/carpal_tunnel_syndrome__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carpal tunnel syndrome
trans_list: syndrome du canal carpien
sense:
(neurology) form of repetitive strain injury caused by compression of the median nerve travelling through the carpal tunnel.


lexentry: eng/carpel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carpel
trans_list: carpelle
sense:
(botany) A constituent part of a flower pistil: the female reproductive organs in a flower. A carpel is composed of an ovary, a style, and a stigma, although some flowers have carpels without a distinct style. In origin, carpels are leaves (megasporophylls) that have evolved to enclose the ovules. A pistil may be composed of a single carpel or of several carpels fused together.


lexentry: eng/carpenter__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carpenter
trans_list: charpentier | menuisier | charpentière | menuisière
sense:
A person skilled at carpentry, the trade of cutting and joining timber in order to construct buildings or other structures.


lexentry: eng/carpenter__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: carpenter
trans_list: charpentier | menuisier | charpentière | menuisière
sense:
(nautical) A senior rating in ships responsible for all the woodwork onboard; in the days of sail, a warrant officer responsible for the hull, masts, spars and boats of a ship, and whose responsibility was to sound the well to see if the ship was making water.


lexentry: eng/carpentry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carpentry
trans_list: charpenterie
sense:
(uncountable) The trade of cutting and joining timber in order to construct buildings or other structures; woodworking.


lexentry: eng/carpet_beater__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carpet beater
trans_list: battoir à tapis
sense:
A tool for beating dust out of carpets, cushions, etc., used in housecleaning before the invention of the vacuum cleaner.


lexentry: eng/carpet_bombing__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carpet bombing
trans_list: tapis de bombes
sense:
Large area bombardment done in a progressive manner to inflict damage in every part of a selected area of land.


lexentry: eng/carpet_snake__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carpet snake
trans_list: python tapis
sense:
A harmless snake found in New Guinea and Australia, the carpet python (Morelia spilota) and its six to eight subspecies.


lexentry: eng/carpetbag__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carpetbag
trans_list: sac de voyage
sense:
A traveling bag made from scraps of carpet and widely used in the United States (and elsewhere) in the 19th century.


lexentry: eng/carpetbagger__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: carpetbagger
trans_list: opportuniste
sense:
(pejorative, by extension) One who comes to a place or organisation with which they have no previous connection with the sole or primary aim of personal gain, especially political or financial gain.


lexentry: eng/carpool__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carpool
trans_list: covoiturage
sense:
An arrangement whereby several people travel together in the same car in order to save costs, reduce pollution etc.


lexentry: eng/carport__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carport
trans_list: auvent
sense:
A roofed structure for automobile storage, usually attached to a house and not fully enclosed like a garage but with at least one side open to the outdoors. [from 1936]


lexentry: eng/carrack__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carrack
trans_list: caraque | nef
sense:
(historical) A large European sailing vessel of the 14th to 17th centuries similar to a caravel but square-rigged on the foremast and mainmast and lateen-rigged on the mizzenmast.


lexentry: eng/carriage__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: carriage
trans_list: carrosse
sense:
A (mostly four-wheeled) lighter vehicle chiefly designed to transport people, generally drawn by horse power.


lexentry: eng/carriage_return__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: carriage return
trans_list: retour chariot
sense:
(computing) The control character (0x0D in ASCII, abbreviated as CR) that originally signaled a device to perform a carriage return, but now merely indicates the end of a line of text (newline).


lexentry: eng/carriage_return__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: carriage return
trans_list: retour chariot | entrée
sense:
The key or lever that initiates the carriage return action (on a typewriter) or generates the carriage return character (on a computer).


lexentry: eng/carrier__Noun__1
sense_num: 09
written_rep: carrier
trans_list: porteur
sense:
(genetics, pathology) A person or other organism that has a genetic trait, mutation or infection liable to cause a disease, but displays no symptoms.


lexentry: eng/carrier_bag__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carrier bag
trans_list: sac de caisse | sac plastique
sense:
(UK) A bag made of thin polythene or paper, generally used for carrying groceries or other purchased items.


lexentry: eng/carrier_pigeon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carrier pigeon
trans_list: pigeon voyageur
sense:
A domestic pigeon which transports attached messages or very small parcels from the place where it is released to a familiar destination.


lexentry: eng/carrier_wave__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carrier wave
trans_list: porteuse | onde porteuse
sense:
(physics) A wave that can be modulated, either in amplitude, frequency, or phase, to carry or transmit images, music, speech, or other signals.


lexentry: eng/carrot__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carrot
trans_list: carotte
sense:
A vegetable with a nutritious, juicy, sweet root that is often orange in colour, Daucus carota, family Apiaceae, especially the subspecies sativus.


lexentry: eng/carry-on__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carry-on
trans_list: bagages en cabine | bagages à main
sense:
That luggage or baggage which is taken onto an airplane (or a ferry, etc.) with a passenger, rather than checked.


lexentry: eng/carry__Verb__1
sense_num: 09
written_rep: carry
trans_list: retenir
sense:
(transitive, arithmetic) In an addition, to transfer the quantity in excess of what is countable in the units in a column to the column immediately to the left in order to be added there.


lexentry: eng/carry_oneself__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: carry oneself
trans_list: tenir
sense:
(idiomatic) To behave, especially with respect to how one's speech, body language, facial expressions, and grooming convey one's opinion concerning oneself.


lexentry: eng/carrying_basket__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carrying basket
trans_list: hotte
sense:
A basket fitted with a strap or straps to allow it to be carried on the back with the carrier's arms free.


lexentry: eng/cart__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cart
trans_list: chariot | charrette
sense:
A small, open, wheeled vehicle, drawn or pushed by a person or animal, often with two wheels on one axle, more often used for transporting goods than passengers.


lexentry: eng/cartel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cartel
trans_list: cartel
sense:
(economics) A group of businesses or nations that collude to limit competition within an industry or market.


lexentry: eng/cartilage__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cartilage
trans_list: cartilage
sense:
(skeleton, uncountable) A usually translucent and somewhat elastic, dense, nonvascular connective tissue found in various forms in the larynx and respiratory tract, in structures such as the external ear, and in the articulating surfaces of joints. It composes most of the skeleton of vertebrate embryos, being replaced by bone during ossification in the higher vertebrates.


lexentry: eng/cartilaginous_fish__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cartilaginous fish
trans_list: poisson cartilagineux
sense:
Any member of the taxonomic class Chondrichthyes, having a skeleton made of cartilage rather than bone. They can be contrasted with the Osteichthyes or bony fishes.


lexentry: eng/cartography__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cartography
trans_list: cartographie
sense:
(uncountable) The creation of charts and maps based on the layout of a territory's geography. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/carton__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carton
trans_list: carton
sense:
An inexpensive, disposable box-like container fashioned from either paper, paper with wax-covering (wax paper), or other lightweight material.


lexentry: eng/cartoonist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
sense: (comics) One who creates a cartoon or strip cartoon.
written_rep: cartoonist
trans_list:
cartooniste | dessinatrice | dessinateur | dessinateur de bande dessinée | dessinateur de dessins animés | dessinatrice de dessins animés


lexentry: eng/cartouche__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cartouche
trans_list: cartouche
sense:
(Egyptology, hieroglyphs) An oval figure containing the characters of an important personal name, such as that of royal or divine people.


lexentry: eng/cartridge__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cartridge
trans_list: cartouche
sense:
(firearms) The package consisting of the bullet, primer, and casing containing gunpowder; a round of ammunition.


lexentry: eng/cartridge__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: cartridge
trans_list: cartouche
sense:
(computing) A vessel which contains the ink or toner for a computer printer and can be easily replaced with another.


lexentry: eng/cartwheel__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cartwheel
trans_list: roue
sense:
A gymnastic maneuver whereby the gymnast rotates to one side or the other while keeping arms and legs outstretched, spinning for one or more revolutions.


lexentry: eng/carve__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: carve
trans_list: entailler
sense:
To shape to sculptural effect; to produce (a work) by cutting, or to cut (a material) into a finished work, especially with cuts that are curved rather than only straight slices.


lexentry: eng/carving_fork__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carving fork
trans_list: fourchette à découper
sense:
A fork with a long handle and two or three whetted flat tines, used in the process of serving meat, sausage, cheese or similar with care.


lexentry: eng/caryatid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caryatid
trans_list: cariatide | caryatide
sense:
A sculpted female figure serving as an architectural support taking the place of a column or a pillar supporting an entablature on her head.


lexentry: eng/caryopsis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caryopsis
trans_list: caryopse
sense:
(botany) A type of fruit in which the fruit skin is stuck to the seed coat; especially the grain of a cereal.


lexentry: eng/cascabel__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cascabel
trans_list: serpent à sonnette
sense:
A knob at the end of a cannon, cast onto the gun breech, to which a heavy rope is attached in order to control recoil.


lexentry: eng/cascade__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: cascade
trans_list: cascade
sense:
A series of electrical (or other types of) components, the output of any one being connected to the input of the next.


lexentry: eng/case__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: case
trans_list: cas
sense:
A piece of work, specifically defined within a profession; the set of tasks involved in addressing the situation of a specific person or event.


lexentry: eng/case__Noun__2
sense_num: 06
written_rep: case
trans_list: vitrine
sense:
A piece of furniture, constructed partially of transparent glass or plastic, within which items can be displayed.


lexentry: eng/case__Noun__2
sense_num: 09
written_rep: case
trans_list: casse
sense:
(typography, by extension) The nature of a piece of alphabetic type, whether a “capital” (upper case) or “small” (lower case) letter.


lexentry: eng/case_closed__Phrase__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: case closed
trans_list: l'incident est clos
sense:
Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see A case is closed; specifically, a police investigation or similar is resolved.


lexentry: eng/case_fatality_rate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: case fatality rate
trans_list: létalité
sense:
(pathology, epidemiology, statistics) A percentage derived by the division of the number of fatalities by the number of confirmed (diagnosed) cases (sufferers) of a disease.


lexentry: eng/case_law__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: case law
trans_list: jurisprudence
sense:
Law developed by judges through court decisions and opinions, as distinct from statute and other legislation.


lexentry: eng/case_sensitive__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: case sensitive
trans_list: sensible à la casse
sense:
(computer science) Distinguishing upper- and lower-case letters. Often used in computer science to indicate a distinction is made in comparison or equality of letters based on case. For example, a case-sensitive password will not recognize "Password" and "password" as the same, but a case insensitive comparison would.


lexentry: eng/case_study__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: case study
trans_list: étude de cas
sense:
(uncountable) Research performed in detail on a single individual, group, incident or community, as opposed to, for instance, a sample of the whole population.


lexentry: eng/casemate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: casemate
trans_list: casemate
sense:
(military) A bombproof chamber, usually of masonry, in which cannon may be placed, to be fired through embrasures; or one capable of being used as a magazine, or for quartering troops.


lexentry: eng/cash__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cash
trans_list: liquide | espèces | comptant
sense:
(uncountable) Money in the form of notes or bills and coins, as opposed to checks, credit or electronic transactions.


lexentry: eng/cash_basis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cash basis
trans_list: comptabilité de trésorerie
sense:
(finance, accounting, often, attributive) A method of accounting that tracks income and expenditure when they actually occur, rather than when they become due.


lexentry: eng/cash_desk__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cash desk
trans_list: caisse
sense:
A place in a restaurant, bar, or shop etc, typically containing a cash register, where a customer can pay the bill.


lexentry: eng/cash_in__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: cash in
trans_list: profiter | tirer parti | tirer profit
sense:
(figurative) To profit from something; to take advantage of an opportunity in order to profit, especially financially.


lexentry: eng/cash_on_delivery__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cash on delivery
trans_list: contre remboursement
sense:
A kind of transaction in which goods are paid for in full in cash or by certified check only once they are received by the buyer.


lexentry: eng/cash_register__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cash register
trans_list: caisse enregistreuse
sense:
A machine that tabulates the amount of sales transactions, makes a permanent and cumulative record of them, and has a drawer in which cash can be kept.


lexentry: eng/cashew__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cashew
trans_list: anacardier | cajou
sense:
A tree, Anacardium occidentale, native to northeastern Brazil, now widely grown in tropical climates for its cashew nuts and cashew apples.


lexentry: eng/cashless__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cashless
trans_list: par virement
sense:
Operating without the need for cash, such as by accepting nondigital, noncash forms of payment (e.g., chit, cheques, money orders) or (in the 21st century, usually) using digital payment methods (e-payment).


lexentry: eng/cask__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cask
trans_list: tonneau | fût | barrique
sense:
A large barrel for the storage of liquid, especially of alcoholic drinks. (See a diagram of cask sizes.)


lexentry: eng/cassata_siciliana__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cassata siciliana
trans_list: cassata
sense:
A rich cake, typical of Sicily, containing liqueur layered with ricotta, candied fruit and chocolate.


lexentry: eng/casserole__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: casserole
trans_list: cocotte | casserole
sense:
(countable) A dish of glass or earthenware, with a lid, in which food is baked and sometimes served.


lexentry: eng/cassette__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cassette
trans_list: cassette | K7 | audiocassette | cassette audio | cassette vidéo | vidéocassette
sense:
A small flat case containing magnetic tape on two reels, used to record and play back audio and video material.


lexentry: eng/cassock__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cassock
trans_list: soutane
sense:
An item of clerical clothing: a long, sheath-like, close-fitting, ankle-length robe worn by clergy members of some Christian denominations. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/cassowary__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cassowary
trans_list: casoar
sense:
Any large flightless bird of the genus Casuarius that is native to Australia and New Guinea, has a characteristic bony crest on its head, and can be very dangerous.


lexentry: eng/cast__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: cast
trans_list: distribution
sense:
(art) The collective group of actors performing a play or production together. Contrasted with crew.


lexentry: eng/cast__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cast
trans_list: muer
sense:
(of an animal) To throw off (the skin) as a process of growth; to shed the hair or fur of the coat. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/cast__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: cast
trans_list: additionner | sommer
sense:
(dated, _, except in, _, accounting) To add up (a column of figures, accounts etc.); cross-cast refers to adding up a row of figures. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/cast__Verb__1
sense_num: 08
written_rep: cast
trans_list: fondre | couler
sense:
To shape (molten metal etc.) by pouring into a mould; to make (an object) in such a way. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/cast__Verb__1
sense_num: 10
written_rep: cast
trans_list: lancer | retyper | transtyper
sense:
(nautical) To bring the bows of a sailing ship on to the required tack just as the anchor is weighed by use of the headsail; to bring (a ship) round. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/cast_off__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cast off
trans_list: larguer les amarres
sense:
(ambitransitive, nautical) To let go (a cable or rope securing a vessel to a buoy, wharf, etc.) so that the vessel may make way.


lexentry: eng/cast_off__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: cast off
trans_list: fermer | rabattre
sense:
(intransitive, knitting) To finish the last row of knitted stitches and remove them securely from the needle.


lexentry: eng/cast_out_nines__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cast out nines
trans_list: preuve par neuf
sense:
(arithmetic) To apply a procedure for verifying whether an arithmetic operation is probably correct or certainly incorrect using modulo characteristics of the digit 9.


lexentry: eng/castanet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: castanet
trans_list: castagnette
sense:
(musical instruments, chiefly, in the plural) A single handheld percussion instrument consisting of a pair of concave shells or shell-shaped parts joined on one edge by string.


lexentry: eng/caste__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caste
trans_list: caste
sense:
Any of the hereditary social classes and subclasses of South Asian societies or similar found historically in other cultures.


lexentry: eng/castellan__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: castellan
trans_list: châtelain
sense:
(chiefly, _, historical) The governor or caretaker entrusted to oversee a castle or keep for its lord.


lexentry: eng/caster__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: caster
trans_list: roulette
sense:
(automotive) The angle of the axis around which a car's front wheels rotate when the steering wheel is turned, with a vertical axis being defined as zero caster.


lexentry: eng/caster_sugar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caster sugar
trans_list: sucre semoule
sense:
Granulated sugar that has been sifted to have a finer crystal size, so that it can be shaken out of the holes of a caster.


lexentry: eng/casting__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: casting
trans_list: pelote de réjection | réjection
sense:
The regurgitation of fur, feathers, and other undigestible material by hawks, to clean and empty their crops.[W]


lexentry: eng/castle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: castle
trans_list: château | château-fort
sense:
A large residential building or compound that is fortified and contains many defences; in previous ages often inhabited by a nobleman or king. Also, a house or mansion with some of the architectural features of medieval castles.


lexentry: eng/castle__Verb__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: castle
trans_list: roquer
sense:
(usually, _, intransitive, shogi) To create a similar defensive position in Japanese chess through several moves.


lexentry: eng/castle_in_the_air__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: castle in the air
trans_list: châteaux en Espagne
sense:
(idiomatic) A desire, idea, or plan that is unlikely to ever be realized; a visionary project or scheme; a daydream, an idle fancy, a near impossibility. [from mid 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/castling__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: castling
trans_list: roque
sense:
(chess) A move in which the king moves two squares towards a rook, and the rook moves to the other side of the king; the action of the verb to castle.


lexentry: eng/castor_oil__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: castor oil
trans_list: huile de ricin
sense:
The pale yellow vegetable oil extracted from the castor bean; used as a laxative and an industrial lubricant.


lexentry: eng/castor_oil_plant__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: castor oil plant
trans_list: ricin
sense:
A plant of the species Ricinus communis, used in the production of castor oil and of the poison ricin.


lexentry: eng/castoreum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: castoreum
trans_list: castoréum
sense:
The bitter exudate of the castor sacs of mature beavers, used as a scent mark, and as a tincture in some perfumes.


lexentry: eng/castrato__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: castrato
trans_list: castrat
sense:
A male soprano or alto voice produced by castration of the treble singer before puberty, intended to conserve his voice; the singer.


lexentry: eng/casualisation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: casualisation
trans_list: précarisation
sense:
(economics) The process by which employment shifts from a preponderance of full-time and permanent or contract positions to higher levels of casual positions.


lexentry: eng/casualty__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: casualty
trans_list: victime | blessé
sense:
(military) A person in military service who becomes unavailable for duty, for any reason (notably death, injury, illness, capture, or desertion).


lexentry: eng/casuistry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: casuistry
trans_list: casuistique
sense:
The process of answering practical questions via interpretation of rules, or of cases that illustrate such rules, especially in ethics; case-based reasoning.


lexentry: eng/cat's-paw__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: cat's-paw
trans_list: arrache-clou
sense:
(US, _, carpentry) A small crowbar with a handle at a right angle to a blade with a V-shaped notch, principally used by carpenters to remove nails.


lexentry: eng/cat's_eye__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cat's eye
trans_list: œil de chat
sense:
(countable, especially, Commonwealth, usually, _, in the plural) A retroreflective device placed on a road surface as a marking that can be seen even at night.


lexentry: eng/cat's_tongue__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cat's tongue
trans_list: langue de chat
sense:
A small chocolate bar or (sometimes chocolate-covered) cookie/biscuit which is shaped somewhat like the tongue of a cat.


lexentry: eng/cat-o'-nine-tails__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cat-o'-nine-tails
trans_list: chat à neuf queues
sense:
(nautical) A scourge (multi-tail whip) having nine, often knotted, whipcords, formerly used for flogging as naval punishment.


lexentry: eng/cat__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cat
trans_list: félin | félidé | féliforme | féliformes | féliné | féloidé
sense:
Any similar animal of the family Felidae, which includes lions, tigers, bobcats, leopards, cougars, cheetahs, caracals, lynxes, and other such non-domesticated species.


lexentry: eng/cat__Noun__1
sense_num: 11
written_rep: cat
trans_list: gus | mec
sense:
(historical) A wheeled shelter, used in the Middle Ages as a siege weapon to allow assailants to approach enemy defences.


lexentry: eng/cat_and_mouse__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cat and mouse
trans_list: jeu du chat et de la souris
sense:
A relationship in which two parties closely monitor and challenge one another in a suspicious or self-protective manner, often because each party is attempting to gain an advantage over the other.


lexentry: eng/cat_and_mouse__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: cat and mouse
trans_list: jeu du chat et de la souris
sense:
A children's game in which one player (the "cat") attempts to break through a ring of players to catch another player (the "mouse") in the centre.


lexentry: eng/cat_burglar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cat burglar
trans_list: gentleman cambrioleur
sense:
A particularly stealthy burglar, especially one who gains undetected entry through the use of agility.


lexentry: eng/cat_flap__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cat flap
trans_list: chatière
sense:
A small, hinged panel, usually cut into a door, with an opening just large enough for a cat to enter.


lexentry: eng/cat_food__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cat food
trans_list: nourriture pour chat
sense:
A type of food specially formulated for the feeding of cats, typically composed of processed grain and meat byproducts as dry food or canned fish or meat as wet food.


lexentry: eng/cat_lady__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cat lady
trans_list: femme à chats
sense:
(informal, sometimes, derogatory) A woman, often elderly, who devotes her time and attention to one or usually many domestic cats.


lexentry: eng/cat_litter__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cat litter
trans_list: litière pour chat
sense:
Fuller's earth, clay pellets, wood chips, or similar loose absorbent materials used for the waste of pet cats.


lexentry: eng/cat_thyme__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cat thyme
trans_list: germandrée des chats
sense:
A low-growing herb, Teucrium marum, related to germander, which has a pungent scent that causes sneezing, but is attractive to cats.


lexentry: eng/catabolism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: catabolism
trans_list: catabolisme
sense:
(biochemistry) Destructive (lytic) metabolism or metabolization, usually including the release of energy and breakdown of materials.


lexentry: eng/catachresis__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: catachresis
trans_list: catachrèse
sense:
(rhetoric) A misapplication or overextension of a figurative or analogical description; a wrongly applied metaphor or trope.


lexentry: eng/catacomb__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: catacomb
trans_list: catacombe
sense:
(often plural) An underground system of tunnels and chambers with recesses for graves, used (in former times) as a cemetery; a tunnel system used for burying the dead, as in Paris or Ancient Rome.


lexentry: eng/catalepsy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: catalepsy
trans_list: catalepsie
sense:
(pathology) A severe bodily condition, described in psychiatric pathology, marked by sudden rigidity, fixation of posture, and loss of contact with environmental conditions.


lexentry: eng/catalyst__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: catalyst
trans_list: catalyseur
sense:
(chemistry) A substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed in the process.


lexentry: eng/catalytic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: catalytic
trans_list: catalytique
sense:
(chemistry) Of or relating to a catalyst; having properties facilitating chemical reaction or change.


lexentry: eng/catalytic_converter__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: catalytic converter
trans_list: pot catalytique
sense:
(automotive) A chamber containing a finely divided platinum catalyst in which carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons from vehicle exhaust are oxidized to carbon dioxide.


lexentry: eng/cataphatic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cataphatic
trans_list: cataphatique
sense:
(theology) Pertaining to the expression of God in terms of what God is, rather than in terms of what God is not (apophatic).


lexentry: eng/cataphile__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cataphile
trans_list: cataphile
sense:
A type of urban explorer who visits the ancient catacombs and quarries linked by tunnels beneath Paris, France. [from late 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/cataphora__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cataphora
trans_list: cataphore
sense:
(linguistics, rhetoric) The use of a pronoun, or other linguistic unit, before the noun phrase to which it refers, sometimes used for rhetorical effect.


lexentry: eng/cataphract__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cataphract
trans_list: cataphractaire
sense:
(military, historical) A soldier (especially a horseman) covered with a cataphract (etymology 1, sense 1).


lexentry: eng/cataphyll__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cataphyll
trans_list: cataphylle
sense:
(botany) A leaf, sometimes abortive, sometimes persistent, that does not develop into a photosynthetic structure, but instead fulfills protective or storage functions. Examples include cotyledons, bud-scales, glochids, rhizome-scales, and bulb-scales.


lexentry: eng/catatonia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: catatonia
trans_list: catatonie
sense:
A severe psychiatric condition, often associated with schizophrenia, characterized by a tendency to remain in a rigid state of stupor for long periods which give way to short periods of extreme agitation.


lexentry: eng/catatonic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: catatonic
trans_list: catatonique
sense:
(medicine) Of, relating to, or suffering from catatonia; having a tendency to remain in a rigid state of stupor for long periods which give way to short periods of extreme agitation.


lexentry: eng/catch__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: catch
trans_list: prise | conquête | touche
sense:
(countable, colloquial, by extension) A find, in particular a boyfriend or girlfriend or prospective spouse.


lexentry: eng/catch__Noun__1
sense_num: 09
written_rep: catch
trans_list: couille | hic
sense:
(countable, sometimes, _, noun adjunct) A concealed difficulty, especially in a deal or negotiation.


lexentry: eng/catch__Noun__1
sense_num: 17
written_rep: catch
trans_list: arrest
sense:
(countable, cricket, baseball) The act of catching a hit ball before it reaches the ground, resulting in an out.


lexentry: eng/catch__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: catch
trans_list: attraper | choper
sense:
(intransitive) To engage with some mechanism; to stick, to succeed in interacting with something or initiating some process.


lexentry: eng/catch__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: catch
trans_list: attraper | saisir
sense:
(transitive) To seize or intercept an object moving through the air (or, sometimes, some other medium). [from 16thc.]


lexentry: eng/catch_heat__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
sense: (colloquial, idiomatic) To get into trouble with somebody; to be scolded or chastised.
written_rep: catch heat
trans_list:
se faire appeler Arthur | se faire enguirlander | se faire remonter les bretelles | se faire sonner les cloches | se faire tirer les oreilles


lexentry: eng/catch_of_the_day__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: catch of the day
trans_list: bon parti
sense:
(informal, idiomatic) A person who is a popular or desirable choice to be a partner in a prospective marital or romantic relationship.


lexentry: eng/catchment__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: catchment
trans_list: bassin
sense:
(often, attributive) Any structure or land feature which catches and holds water; the collection of such water.


lexentry: eng/catchword__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: catchword
trans_list: conservateur
sense:
(printing, historical) A word under the right-hand side of the last line on a book page that repeats the first word on the following page.


lexentry: eng/catechize__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: catechize
trans_list: catéchiser
sense:
To give oral instruction, especially of religion; (specifically) by the formal question-and-answer method; in the Church of England and Roman Catholic Church, to teach the catechism as preparation for confirmation.


lexentry: eng/catecholamine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: catecholamine
trans_list: catécholamine
sense:
(biochemistry) Any of a class of aromatic amines derived from pyrocatechol that are hormones produced by the adrenal gland.


lexentry: eng/catechumen__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: catechumen
trans_list: catéchumène
sense:
A convert to Christianity under instruction before baptism; a young or recent Christian preparing for confirmation.


lexentry: eng/categorical_imperative__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: categorical imperative
trans_list: impératif catégorique
sense:
(ethics) A fundamental ethical principle intended as a guide for determining whether any contemplated action is morally right, based on the concept that an action is good or bad in and of itself regardless of what the actor's aims or preferences are.


lexentry: eng/category__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: category
trans_list: catégorie
sense:
A group, often named or numbered, to which items are assigned based on similarity or defined criteria.


lexentry: eng/category__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: category
trans_list: catégorie
sense:
(mathematics) A collection of objects, together with a transitively closed collection of composable arrows between them, such that every object has an identity arrow, and such that arrow composition is associative.


lexentry: eng/category_theory__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: category theory
trans_list: théorie des catégories
sense:
(mathematics) A branch of mathematics which deals with spaces and maps between them in abstraction, taking similar theorems from various disparate more concrete branches of mathematics and unifying them.


lexentry: eng/catenaccio__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: catenaccio
trans_list: catenaccio
sense:
(football) A system of defensive play focused on nullifying opponents' attacks and preventing goal-scoring opportunities, typically using a libero.


lexentry: eng/catenary__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: catenary
trans_list: chaînette | caténaire
sense:
(engineering) Any physical cable, rope, chain, or other weight-supporting structure taking such geometric shape, as a suspension cable for a bridge or a power-transmission line or an arch for a bridge or roof.


lexentry: eng/caterer__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: caterer
trans_list: traiteur | traiteuse
sense:
A person or company hired to provide and serve food, usually for a large group and at a location separate from where the food is prepared.


lexentry: eng/caterpillar_track__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caterpillar track
trans_list: chenille
sense:
A generic trademark name for a continuous track in the form of a steel or rubber belt fitted around the wheels of crawlers, bulldozers, excavators, loaders, backhoes, tanks and similar off-road vehicles in such a manner as to spread the load on the ground surface and thereby improve traction and reduce sinking into soft surfaces.


lexentry: eng/catgirl__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: catgirl
trans_list: fille-chat
sense:
(Japanese fiction) A female fictional character who has a cat's ears, tail, or other feline characteristics on an otherwise humanoid body.


lexentry: eng/catharsis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: catharsis
trans_list: catharsis | défoulement
sense:
(drama) A release of emotional tension after an overwhelming vicarious experience, resulting in the purging or purification of the emotions, as through watching a dramatic production (especially a tragedy).


lexentry: eng/catharsis__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: catharsis
trans_list: défoulement
sense:
(psychology) A therapeutic technique to relieve tension by reestablishing the association of an emotion with the memory or idea of the event that first caused it, and then eliminating it by complete expression (called the abreaction).


lexentry: eng/cathedral__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cathedral
trans_list: cathédrale
sense:
The principal church serving as the office (and some as place of residence) of an archdiocese's/a diocese's archbishop/bishop which is symbolized by an episcopal throne known as the cathedra.


lexentry: eng/catheter__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: catheter
trans_list: cathéter
sense:
(medicine) A small tube inserted into a body cavity to administer a drug, create an opening, distend a passageway, or remove fluid.


lexentry: eng/cathetus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cathetus
trans_list: cathète
sense:
(geometry) A line perpendicular to a surface (or line); in particular, either of the sides of a right triangle other than its hypotenuse.


lexentry: eng/cathode__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cathode
trans_list: cathode
sense:
(electricity) An electrode, of a cell or other electrically polarized device, through which a positive current of electricity flows outwards (and thus, electrons flow inwards). It can have either a negative or a positive voltage with respect to anode of the same polarized device (depending on whether the device is a load or a source, respectively).


lexentry: eng/cathode_ray__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cathode ray
trans_list: rayon cathodique
sense:
(electricity) A ray consisting of a stream of electrons in a vacuum tube that are emitted by the cathode and accelerated towards the anode by an electric field.


lexentry: eng/cathode_ray_tube__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cathode ray tube
trans_list: tube cathodique
sense:
(electronics) A vacuum tube that displays still or moving images (such as for a television), by controlling the direction of a cathode ray emitted towards the front of the tube. The front is coated by a layer of fluorescent material, so that it emits light when struck by the beam.


lexentry: eng/catkin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: catkin
trans_list: chaton | iule
sense:
(botany) A type of inflorescence, consisting of an axis with many unisexual apetalous flowers along its sides, as in the willow and poplar.


lexentry: eng/catnip__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: catnip
trans_list: cataire | chataire | herbe à chat
sense:
Nepeta cataria and Nepeta grandiflora (and perhaps other species), which are well-known for causing an apparently harmless pheromone-based intoxication among certain cats.


lexentry: eng/catoblepas__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: catoblepas
trans_list: catoblépas
sense:
A legendary creature from Ethiopia, said to have the body of a Cape buffalo, scales on its back, and the head of a wild boar, which always points downward because of its weight.


lexentry: eng/cattail__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cattail
trans_list: massette | quenouille
sense:
(US, historically, Yorkshire, Lincolnshire) Any of several perennial herbs, of the genus Typha, that have long flat leaves, and grow in marshy places.


lexentry: eng/cattle_grid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cattle grid
trans_list: barrière canadienne
sense:
A grid of parallel metal bars set into a road as an obstacle to prevent hooved animals from passing.


lexentry: eng/cattle_prod__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cattle prod
trans_list: petit squale-chagrin
sense:
A stick designed to goad cows, steers, and similar animals in order to prompt them to move in a desired direction, now usually electrified to administer a stimulating shock to the animal.


lexentry: eng/catty__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: catty
trans_list: méchant | rosse | rosserie
sense:
(informal, of a person or remark) With subtle hostility in an effort to hurt, annoy, or upset, particularly among women.


lexentry: eng/caucus_race__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caucus race
trans_list: course à l'échalote
sense:
(US, idiomatic) The competitive process in which a political party selects their candidate, especially presidential; a primary election via caucus.


lexentry: eng/caucus_race__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: caucus race
trans_list: course à l'échalote
sense:
(US, idiomatic) A political competition; the game of campaigning and one-upmanship to get votes and be elected.


lexentry: eng/caucus_race__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caucus race
trans_list: course à l'échalote
sense:
(originally, British, idiomatic) A laborious but arbitrary and futile activity; an activity that amounts to running around in a circle, expending great energy but not accomplishing anything.


lexentry: eng/caudal_peduncle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caudal peduncle
trans_list: pédoncule caudal
sense:
(ichthyology) The narrow part of a fish's body to which the caudal or tail fin is attached. Its proportions, such as the length and breadth, and attached organs, such as spines of surgeonfishes or caudal keels and finlets of Scombridae often are important in descriptions of fish species.


lexentry: eng/caul__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caul
trans_list: coiffe
sense:
(historical) A style of close-fitting circular cap worn by women in the sixteenth century and later, often made of linen. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/caul__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: caul
trans_list: coiffe céphalique
sense:
The amnion which encloses the foetus before birth, especially that part of it which sometimes shrouds a baby’s head at birth (traditionally considered to be good luck). [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/caul_fat__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caul fat
trans_list: mésentère
sense:
The fatty, transparent serous membrane that covers the intestines of cows, sheep, and pigs, often used as a casing for sausages and other meat dishes.


lexentry: eng/cauliflower__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cauliflower
trans_list: chou-fleur
sense:
Brassica oleracea var. botrytis, an annual variety of cabbage, of which the cluster of young flower stalks and buds is eaten as a vegetable.


lexentry: eng/cauliflower_ear__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cauliflower ear
trans_list: oreille en chou-fleur
sense:
(boxing, wrestling, sport, pathology) An ear swollen and deformed by repeated blows, common among boxers and rugby players.


lexentry: eng/caulking__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caulking
trans_list: étoupe
sense:
A sealing material used to seal joints between heterogeneous materials in many kinds of construction and manufacture.


lexentry: eng/caulking_gun__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caulking gun
trans_list: pistolet à calfeutrer
sense:
A tool for applying sealant, adhesives, etc., consisting of a metal skeleton with spring-loaded trigger into which a tube of sealant, caulk, etc., is fitted.


lexentry: eng/causalgia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: causalgia
trans_list: causalgie
sense:
(medicine) A disorder with intense burning pain, one of two types of complex regional pain syndrome.


lexentry: eng/causalism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: causalism
trans_list: causalisme
sense:
(philosophy) The doctrine that actions have a direct cause, especially that people's actions are caused by their mental state at the time


lexentry: eng/causality__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: causality
trans_list: causalité
sense:
The relationship between something that happens or exists and the thing that causes it; the cause and consequence relationship.


lexentry: eng/causative__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: causative
trans_list: factitif | causatif
sense:
(linguistics) An expression of an agent causing or forcing a patient to perform an action (or to be in a certain condition).


lexentry: eng/cause__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cause
trans_list: cause | raison
sense:
(countable, often with of, typically of adverse results) The source of, or reason for, an event or action; that which produces or effects a result.


lexentry: eng/cause_célèbre__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cause célèbre
trans_list: fait polémique
sense:
(chiefly, UK) An issue or incident (originally, a legal case) arousing widespread controversy or public debate.


lexentry: eng/cause_of_death__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cause of death
trans_list: cause de la mort | cause du décès
sense:
The official cause of a human death as typically determined by a coroner during an autopsy and included on the death certificate of a deceased person.


lexentry: eng/causeway__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: causeway
trans_list: chaussée
sense:
A road that is raised so as to be above water, marshland, and similar low-lying obstacles, which in some cases may flood periodically (e.g. due to tides). Originally causeways were much like dykes, generally pierced to let water through, whereas many modern causeways are more like bridges or viaducts.


lexentry: eng/caustic__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caustic
trans_list: caustique
sense:
Any substance or means which, applied to animal or other organic tissue, burns, corrodes, or destroys it by chemical action; an escharotic.


lexentry: eng/caustic_soda__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caustic soda
trans_list: soude caustique
sense:
sodium hydroxide (NaOH), a strong alkaline substance used in the manufacture of paint, soap and detergents, or as a drain cleaner.


lexentry: eng/cauterization__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cauterization
trans_list: adustion | cautérisation
sense:
The act of searing organic tissue by the application of a cautery or caustic; also, the effect of such application.


lexentry: eng/cauterize__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cauterize
trans_list: cautériser
sense:
To burn and hence seal open tissue using a heated article or caustic agent so as to stop bleeding or minimise the risk of infection.


lexentry: eng/cautery__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cautery
trans_list: cautérisation
sense:
(surgery) The process of using either extreme heat or extreme cold to either cut or seal body tissue.


lexentry: eng/caution_-_slippery_when_wet__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caution - slippery when wet
trans_list: attention, plancher mouillé | attention, sol glissant
sense:
Warning, often in the form of a sign, that people should pay attention when walking on a wet and slippery floor not to fall down and get injured.


lexentry: eng/caution__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caution
trans_list: avertissement | admonition | mise en garde
sense:
Prudence when faced with, or when expecting to face, danger; care taken in order to avoid risk or harm.


lexentry: eng/caution__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: caution
trans_list: précaution | prudence
sense:
A careful attention to the probable effects of an act, in order that failure or harm may be avoided.


lexentry: eng/cavalier__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cavalier
trans_list: cavalier | chevalier
sense:
(historical) A military man serving on horse, (chiefly) early modern cavalry officers who had abandoned the heavy armor of medieval knights.


lexentry: eng/cavalry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cavalry
trans_list: cavalerie
sense:
(military, usually, _, historical, uncountable) The military arm of service that fights while riding horses.


lexentry: eng/cavatina__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cavatina
trans_list: cavatine
sense:
(music) An operatic song in slow tempo, either complete in itself or (e.g., in Bellini and Verdi) followed by a faster, more resolute section: hence


lexentry: eng/cave_lion__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cave lion
trans_list: lion des cavernes eurasiatique
sense:
An extinct subspecies of lion, Panthera leo spelaea, known from fossils and multiple examples of prehistoric art.


lexentry: eng/cave_painting__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cave painting
trans_list: art pariétal
sense:
(uncountable) The activity of applying pigments to the interior surfaces of caves to create images, especially when carried out in prehistoric times.


lexentry: eng/cave_painting__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cave painting
trans_list: peinture rupestre | art pariétal
sense:
(uncountable) The paintings resulting from this activity regarded collectively, especially if prehistoric; cave art; (countable) an individual painting of this type.


lexentry: eng/cavesson__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cavesson
trans_list: caveçon
sense:
A part of a horse's bridle that consists of a headstall with a noseband. When a martingale is used, it is attached to the horse's head at the cavesson.


lexentry: eng/caviar_spoon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caviar spoon
trans_list: cuillère à caviar
sense:
A small shallow spoon made from inert materials (such as gold, horn, or wood) rather than typical metals, intended for eating caviar.


lexentry: eng/cavitation__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cavitation
trans_list: cavitation
sense:
(fluid dynamics) The formation, in a fluid, of vapor bubbles that rapidly collapse, especially in a rotating marine propeller or pump impeller.


lexentry: eng/cavity__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cavity
trans_list: carie
sense:
(dentistry) A small or large hole in a tooth caused by caries; often also a soft area adjacent to the hole also affected by caries.


lexentry: eng/cedar__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: cedar
trans_list: cèdre
sense:
(uncountable) The aromatic wood from a Cedrus tree, or from any of several not closely related trees.


lexentry: eng/cedilla__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cedilla
trans_list: cédille
sense:
(orthography) In the spelling of Catalan, French, Portuguese and some other languages, a mark ⟨¸⟩ sometimes placed under the letter c to indicate that it is pronounced /s/ rather than /k/, as in Catalan força, French menaçant, and Portuguese almoço, and also used in various other languages to change the sounds of other letters.


lexentry: eng/ceilidh__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ceilidh
trans_list: céilí
sense:
An informal social gathering, especially one where traditional Irish or Scottish folk music is played, with dancing and storytelling.


lexentry: eng/celebrate__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: celebrate
trans_list: célébrer | fêter
sense:
(transitive) To honour by rites, by ceremonies of joy and respect, or by refraining from ordinary business; to observe duly.


lexentry: eng/celebrate__Verb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: celebrate
trans_list: célébrer | fêter
sense:
(transitive) To perform or participate in, as a sacrament or solemn rite; to perform with appropriate rites.


lexentry: eng/celebrity__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: celebrity
trans_list: célébrité | people
sense:
A person who has a high degree of recognition by the general population for his or her success or accomplishments; a famous person. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/celeriac__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: celeriac
trans_list: céleri-rave
sense:
A form of celery, Apium graveolens, having an aromatic taproot eaten as a vegetable. [from mid 18th century]


lexentry: eng/celerity__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: celerity
trans_list: célérité
sense:
(oceanography, meteorology) The speed of an individual wave (as opposed to the speed of groups of waves); often denoted c.


lexentry: eng/celesta__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: celesta
trans_list: célesta
sense:
(musical instruments) A musical instrument consisting principally of a set of graduated steel plates struck with hammers that are activated by a keyboard.


lexentry: eng/celestial_body__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: celestial body
trans_list: astre | corps céleste
sense:
(astronomy, astrology) A natural object which is located outside of Earth's atmosphere, such as a comet, an asteroid, the Moon, a planet, the Sun, or a star.


lexentry: eng/celestial_sphere__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: celestial sphere
trans_list: sphère céleste
sense:
(astronomy) The apparent outer limit of space; an abstract sphere of infinite radius which serves as the imaginary backdrop for celestial objects, and of which the visible sky is one hemisphere.


lexentry: eng/celestine__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: celestine
trans_list: célestine
sense:
(mineral) A mineral with orthorhombic crystals, SrSO4, colourless or white with blue and sometimes red shades.


lexentry: eng/celibate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: celibate
trans_list: célibataire
sense:
One who is not married, especially one who has taken a religious vow not to get married, usually because of being a member of a religious community. [from 1869]


lexentry: eng/cell__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: cell
trans_list: cellule
sense:
(biology, now, chiefly, botany) Any of various chambers in a tissue or organism having specific functions. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/cell__Noun__1
sense_num: 08
written_rep: cell
trans_list: pile | cellule
sense:
(obsolete) Specifically, any of the supposed compartments of the brain, formerly thought to be the source of specific mental capacities, knowledge, or memories. [14th–19th c.]


lexentry: eng/cell__Noun__1
sense_num: 11
written_rep: cell
trans_list: pile | cellule
sense:
A device which stores electrical power; used either singly or together in batteries; the basic unit of a battery. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/cell__Noun__1
sense_num: 12
written_rep: cell
trans_list: cellule
sense:
(biology) The basic unit of a living organism, consisting of a quantity of protoplasm surrounded by a cell membrane, which is able to synthesize proteins and replicate itself. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/cell__Noun__1
sense_num: 16
written_rep: cell
trans_list: cellule | pile
sense:
A small group of people forming part of a larger organization, often an outlawed one. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/cell_theory__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cell theory
trans_list: théorie cellulaire
sense:
(biology) The scientific theory that all living organisms are made of cells as the smallest functional unit.


lexentry: eng/cell_wall__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cell wall
trans_list: paroi cellulaire
sense:
(cytology) A thick, fairly rigid, layer formed around individual cells of bacteria, Archaea, fungi, plants, and algae (but not animals and other protists which generally have cell membranes without cell walls). The cell wall is external to the cell membrane and serves a structural function helping the cell maintain its shape and protecting the cell from damage.


lexentry: eng/cello__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cello
trans_list: violoncelle
sense:
A large unfretted stringed instrument of the violin family with four strings tuned (lowest to highest) C-G-D-A and an endpin to support its weight, usually played with a bow.


lexentry: eng/cellophane_noodle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cellophane noodle
trans_list: dangmyeon
sense:
A transparent Asian noodle made from starch (such as mung bean starch, sweet potato or yam starch, potato starch, cassava starch, or canna starch) and water.


lexentry: eng/cellular_automaton__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cellular automaton
trans_list: automate cellulaire
sense:
(computing theory) An automaton consisting of cells arranged in a regular grid, in one or more dimensions. Each application of an associated rule creates a new generation, where the cells have a new configuration of values.


lexentry: eng/cellulite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cellulite
trans_list: cellulite
sense:
The dimpled appearance of skin caused by the protrusion of subcutaneous adipose tissue, especially on a woman's hips and thighs.


lexentry: eng/celluloid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: celluloid
trans_list: celluloïd
sense:
Any of a variety of thermoplastics created from nitrocellulose and camphor, once used as photographic film.


lexentry: eng/cellulose__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cellulose
trans_list: cellulose
sense:
A complex carbohydrate that forms the main constituent of the cell wall in most plants and is important in the manufacture of numerous products, such as paper, textiles, pharmaceuticals, and explosives.


lexentry: eng/cement__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cement
trans_list: ciment
sense:
(uncountable) The paste-like substance resulting from mixing such a powder with water, or the rock-like substance that forms when it dries.


lexentry: eng/cement__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: cement
trans_list: adhésif | colle
sense:
(uncountable) Any material with strong adhesive and cohesive properties such as binding agents, glues, grout.


lexentry: eng/cement_mixer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cement mixer
trans_list: bétonnière | bétonneuse
sense:
A device used in construction in which cement, aggregate and water are slowly mixed together in a revolving drum to form concrete.


lexentry: eng/cenesthopathy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cenesthopathy
trans_list: cénesthopathie | cénestopathie
sense:
(psychiatry) Disordered cenesthesia; a psychopathological symptom characterised by generalised abnormal sensations in the body.


lexentry: eng/cenotaph__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cenotaph
trans_list: cénotaphe
sense:
A monument, generally in the form of an empty tomb, erected to honour the dead whose bodies lie elsewhere, especially members of the armed forces who died in battle.


lexentry: eng/cenote__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cenote
trans_list: cénote
sense:
A deep natural well or sinkhole, especially in Central America, formed by the collapse of surface limestone that exposes ground water underneath, and sometimes used by the ancient Mayans for sacrificial offerings.


lexentry: eng/censor__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: censor
trans_list: censeur
sense:
(Ancient Rome, historical) One of the two magistrates who originally administered the census of citizens, and by Classical times (between the 8th century B.C.E. and the 6th century C.E.) was a high judge of public behaviour and morality.


lexentry: eng/censor__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: censor
trans_list: censeur | censeure | censeuse
sense:
An official responsible for the removal or suppression of objectionable material (for example, if obscene or likely to incite violence) or sensitive content in books, films, correspondence, and other media.


lexentry: eng/censor__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: censor
trans_list: censurer | caviarder
sense:
To review for, and if necessary to remove or suppress, content from books, films, correspondence, and other media which is regarded as objectionable (for example, obscene, likely to incite violence, or sensitive).


lexentry: eng/censorship__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: censorship
trans_list: censure
sense:
The use of state or group power to control freedom of expression or press, such as passing laws to prevent undesirable media from being published or propagated.


lexentry: eng/censorware__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: censorware
trans_list: logiciel de censure
sense:
(computing) Software or hardware used to filter content on the Internet or block Internet access or restrict the running of applications or computer usage, on the basis of content being regarded as objectionable.


lexentry: eng/census__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: census
trans_list: recensement | recensement de la population
sense:
An official count or enumeration of members of a population (not necessarily human), usually residents or citizens in a particular region, often done at regular intervals.


lexentry: eng/cent__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cent
trans_list: centime | cent | sou
sense:
(money) A subunit of currency equal to one-hundredth of the main unit of currency in many countries. Symbol: ¢.


lexentry: eng/centaur__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: centaur
trans_list: centaure
sense:
(Greek mythology) A mythical beast having a horse's body with a man's head and torso in place of the head and neck of the horse.


lexentry: eng/center__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: center
trans_list: centre | centre de masse | sujet
sense:
(geometry) The point in the interior of any figure of any number of dimensions that has as its coordinates the arithmetic mean of the coordinates of all points on the perimeter of the figure (or of all points in the interior for a center of volume).


lexentry: eng/center__Noun__1
sense_num: 11
written_rep: center
trans_list: centre | milieu
sense:
(engineering) A conical recess or indentation in the end of a shaft or other work, to receive the point of a center, on which the work can turn, as in a lathe.


lexentry: eng/center_of_gravity__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: center of gravity
trans_list: centre de gravité
sense:
(physics) A point, near or within a body, through which its weight can be assumed to act when considering forces on the body and its motion under gravity. This coincides with the center of mass in a uniform gravitational field.


lexentry: eng/centerfold__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: centerfold
trans_list: pin-up
sense:
(by extension) Any very sexually attractive person, who is therefore material for such a photograph.


lexentry: eng/centering__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: centering
trans_list: cintrage
sense:
(countable) A type of formwork which serves as a temporary structure during the construction of arches and bridges.


lexentry: eng/centering__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: centering
trans_list: centrage
sense:
(mostly, uncountable) The process of moving something to a centre, normally before some other process.


lexentry: eng/centi-__Prefix__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: centi-
trans_list: centi-
sense:
(specifically) In the International System of Units and other metric systems of units, multiplying the unit to which it is attached by 10-2. Symbol: c


lexentry: eng/centipede__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: centipede
trans_list: scolopendre | centipède
sense:
Any arthropod of class Chilopoda, which have a segmented body with one pair of legs per segment and from about 20 to 300 legs in total.


lexentry: eng/centner__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: centner
trans_list: quintal
sense:
A unit of weight with different actual definitions in parts of Germany and Scandinavia, typically 100 local pounds.


lexentry: eng/central_bank__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: central bank
trans_list: banque centrale
sense:
(banking) The principal monetary authority of a polity or monetary union; it normally regulates the supply of money, issues currency and controls interest rates. It usually oversees banking activity within its country's borders.


lexentry: eng/central_committee__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: central committee
trans_list: comité central
sense:
(communism) A standing administrative body of communist parties, analogous to a board of directors, of both ruling and nonruling parties of former and existing socialist states.


lexentry: eng/central_heating__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: central heating
trans_list: chauffage central
sense:
Any of various heating systems in which a central source of heat is used to distribute heat (and sometimes hot water) throughout a building in a controlled manner.


lexentry: eng/central_limit_theorem__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: central limit theorem
trans_list: théorème central limite
sense:
(statistics, and, mathematics, singulare tantum) The theorem that states that if the sum of independent identically distributed random variables has a finite variance, then it will be approximately normally distributed.


lexentry: eng/central_nervous_system__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: central nervous system
trans_list: système nerveux central
sense:
(neuroanatomy) In vertebrates, that part of the nervous system comprising the brain, brain stem and spinal cord.


lexentry: eng/central_processing_unit__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: central processing unit
trans_list: processeur central | unité centrale | unité centrale de traitement
sense:
(computer hardware) The part of a computer that fetches, decodes and executes instructions from memory, possibly through a cache.


lexentry: eng/centralization__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: centralization
trans_list: centralisation
sense:
The act or process of centralizing, or the state of being centralized; the act or process of combining or reducing several parts into a whole


lexentry: eng/centre_circle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: centre circle
trans_list: rond central
sense:
(soccer) The circle in the centre of the pitch which, at kick-off, the defending team may not enter until the attacking side has touched the ball.


lexentry: eng/centre_forward__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: centre forward
trans_list: avant-centre | attaquant de pointe
sense:
(British spelling, football) The most central of the strikers; traditionally the player who makes the kick-off.


lexentry: eng/centre_of_mass__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: centre of mass
trans_list: centre de masse
sense:
(mathematics, physics) A point, near, or within a body at which the object's mass can be assumed to be concentrated; it coincides with the centroid for a body of uniform density, and with the centre of gravity in a uniform gravitational field.


lexentry: eng/centreboard__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: centreboard
trans_list: dérive
sense:
(British spelling, nautical) The adjustable keel on a small yacht or dinghy that acts, among other things, as ballast and to counteract the sideways force of the wind.


lexentry: eng/centrifugal_force__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: centrifugal force
trans_list: force centrifuge
sense:
(physics) In circular motion, the 'reactive' centrifugal force is a real force applied by the accelerating body that is equal and opposite to the centripetal force that is acting on the accelerating body.


lexentry: eng/centrifuge__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: centrifuge
trans_list: centrifugeuse
sense:
By extension, any device which rotates in order to produce artificial gravity (in the form of centrifugal force)


lexentry: eng/centriole__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: centriole
trans_list: centriole
sense:
(biology) A barrel-shaped microtubule structure found in most animal cells, important in the process of mitosis (nuclear division).


lexentry: eng/centroid__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: centroid
trans_list: centroïde
sense:
(statistics, cluster analysis, of a cluster of points) the arithmetic mean (alternatively, median) position of a cluster of points in a coordinate system based on some application-dependent measure of distance.


lexentry: eng/centrosome__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: centrosome
trans_list: centrosome
sense:
(cytology) An organelle, near the nucleus in the cytoplasm of most organisms, that controls the organization of its microtubules


lexentry: eng/century__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: century
trans_list: siècle
sense:
A period of 100 consecutive years; often specifically a numbered period with conventional start and end dates, e.g., the twentieth century, which stretches from (strictly) 1901 through 2000, or (informally) 1900 through 1999. The first century AD was from 1 to 100.


lexentry: eng/century__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: century
trans_list: centurie
sense:
A unit in ancient Roman army, originally of 100 army soldiers as part of a cohort, later of more varied sizes (but typically containing 60 to 70 or 80) soldiers or other men (guards, police, firemen), commanded by a centurion.


lexentry: eng/century_egg__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: century egg
trans_list: œuf de cent ans
sense:
A Chinese delicacy made by preserving a duck, chicken or quail egg in a mixture of clay, ash, salt, quicklime and rice hulls for several weeks to several months, depending on the method of processing.


lexentry: eng/cephalosporin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cephalosporin
trans_list: céphalosporine
sense:
Any of a class of natural and synthetic antibiotics developed from Acremonium fungi, having a cepham structure.


lexentry: eng/cepstrum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cepstrum
trans_list: cepstre
sense:
(signal processing) The inverse Fourier transform of the logarithm of a magnitude spectrum; used especially in voice analysis.


lexentry: eng/ceramic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ceramic
trans_list: céramique
sense:
Made of material produced by the high-temperature firing of inorganic, nonmetallic rocks and minerals.


lexentry: eng/ceramic__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ceramic
trans_list: céramique
sense:
(uncountable) A hard, brittle, inorganic, nonmetallic material, usually made from a material, such as clay, then firing it at a high temperature.


lexentry: eng/ceramide__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ceramide
trans_list: céramide
sense:
(biochemistry) Any of various lipids formed by linking a fatty acid to sphingosine and found widely but in small amounts in plant and animal tissue


lexentry: eng/cerate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cerate
trans_list: cérat
sense:
(medicine, archaic, or, historical) An unctuous preparation for external application — mainly wax (or resin or spermaceti) mixed with oil, lard, and various medicinal ingredients — of a consistency between ointment and plaster, so that it can be spread upon cloth without the use of heat, but does not melt when applied to the skin.


lexentry: eng/cercus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cercus
trans_list: cerque
sense:
(entomology) A structure on the end of the abdomen of most insects, sometimes long, hairlike sensory organs and sometimes smaller and rigid.


lexentry: eng/cerebellum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cerebellum
trans_list: cervelet
sense:
(neuroanatomy) Part of the hindbrain in vertebrates. In humans it lies between the brainstem and the back of the cerebrum and is formed of two lateral lobes and a median lobe. It plays an important role in sensory perception, motor output, balance and posture.


lexentry: eng/cerebral_aqueduct__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cerebral aqueduct
trans_list: aqueduc du mésencéphale
sense:
(neuroanatomy) The channel in the brain which connects the third ventricle to the fourth ventricle. It is surrounded by the periaqueductal gray.


lexentry: eng/cerebral_cortex__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cerebral cortex
trans_list: cortex cérébral
sense:
(neuroanatomy) The grey, folded, outermost layer of the cerebrum that is responsible for higher brain processes such as sensation, voluntary muscle movement, thought, reasoning, and memory.


lexentry: eng/cerebral_hemorrhage__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cerebral hemorrhage
trans_list: hémorragie cérébrale
sense:
(medicine) A heavy release of blood within the brain; condition in which ruptured blood vessel cause bleeding inside the brain.


lexentry: eng/cerebral_palsy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cerebral palsy
trans_list: infirmité motrice cérébrale | paralysie cérébrale
sense:
(neurology, pathology) A group of non-progressive, non-contagious conditions, caused by brain damage before birth or during infancy, characterized by impairment of muscular coordination.


lexentry: eng/cerebrospinal_fluid__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cerebrospinal fluid
trans_list: liquide cérébro-spinal
sense:
(neuroanatomy) A bodily fluid filling the third ventricle and surrounding the interthalamic adhesion.


lexentry: eng/cerebrovascular_accident__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cerebrovascular accident
trans_list: accident vasculaire cérébral
sense:
(medicine, formal, sometimes, euphemistic) Stroke (loss of brain function arising when the blood supply to the brain is suddenly interrupted).


lexentry: eng/cerebrum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cerebrum
trans_list: telencéphale
sense:
(neuroanatomy) The principal and most anterior part of the brain in vertebrates, which is located in the front area of the skull and divided into two hemispheres, left and right, separated by a fissure. In humans it is the largest part of the brain and is responsible for the integration of complex sensory functions and the initiation and coordination of voluntary activity, and the higher mental functions such as consciousness, thought, reason, emotion, and memory.


lexentry: eng/ceremonious__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ceremonious
trans_list: solennel | cérémonieux
sense:
According to the required or usual ceremonies, formalities, or rituals; specifically (Christianity, obsolete) , to ceremonial laws in the Bible.


lexentry: eng/ceremony__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: ceremony
trans_list: cérémonie
sense:
(uncountable) A formal socially established behaviour, often in relation to people of different ranks; formality.


lexentry: eng/cerium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cerium
trans_list: cérium
sense:
A chemical element (symbol Ce) with an atomic number of 58, a very soft, ductile, silvery-white metal that tarnishes when exposed to air.


lexentry: eng/certain__Adjective__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: certain
trans_list: certain | quelconque
sense:
(euphemism, preceded by "a") Used to denote that the speaker is referring to a specific person or thing that they do not want to name directly, implying that the listener should infer the identity of the referent.


lexentry: eng/certifiable__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: certifiable
trans_list: fou
sense:
(informal, of a person) Mentally ill to such an extent that involuntary institutionalization is appropriate; crazy.


lexentry: eng/certificate_of_conduct__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: certificate of conduct
trans_list: extrait de casier judiciaire
sense:
An official document issued by a police department or relevant government agency that certifies that an individual has no criminal record or gives details any criminal offenses that may exist.


lexentry: eng/cervical_cancer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cervical cancer
trans_list: cancer du col utérin | cancer cervical | cancer du col de l'utérus
sense:
(pathology, oncology) A type of cancer of the cervix of the uterus which can afflict some female mammals including humans. The term usually does not refer to cancer of the neck or other parts of the anatomy which use the term cervix.


lexentry: eng/cervical_cap__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cervical cap
trans_list: cape cervicale
sense:
A small latex or silicone contraceptive device that fits over the cervix and stays in place either by suction or by surface viscosity.


lexentry: eng/cervical_smear__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cervical smear
trans_list: frottis
sense:
(chiefly, gynaecology) A screening test to detect pre-cancerous and cancerous cells by taking a sample (‘smear’) of cells from the cervix.


lexentry: eng/cervix__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: cervix
trans_list: col de l'utérus
sense:
(now, specifically) The cervix uteri, or lower, narrow portion of the uterus where it joins with the top end of the vagina.


lexentry: eng/cetane__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cetane
trans_list: cétane | hexadécane
sense:
(organic compound) The aliphatic hydrocarbon C16H34 (hexadecane) used as a standard for diesel fuel.


lexentry: eng/cetane_number__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cetane number
trans_list: indice de cétane
sense:
A performance rating of diesel fuel corresponding to the percentage of cetane in a mixture with isocetane (or, formerly, methylnaphthalene) that would have the same performance.


lexentry: eng/cetirizine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cetirizine
trans_list: cétirizine
sense:
(carboxylic acid, pharmaceutical drug) A major metabolite of hydroxyzine, an antihistamine used in the treatment of allergies, hay fever, angioedema, and urticaria.


lexentry: eng/cetology__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cetology
trans_list: cétologie
sense:
The branch of zoology concerned with the infraorder Cetacea, which includes whales, dolphins, and porpoises.


lexentry: eng/ceviche__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ceviche
trans_list: ceviche
sense:
(cooking) Raw seafood cured by marination in an acidic medium such as citrus, vinegar, or other souring agent, found primarily in Latin America.


lexentry: eng/chador__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chador
trans_list: tchador | chador
sense:
A loose robe made from a single cloth, worn as a combination head covering, veil and shawl by chiefly Muslim women (and occasionally by those of other faiths) in Iran and South Asia.


lexentry: eng/chaffinch__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chaffinch
trans_list: pinson des arbres | pinson
sense:
A small passerine bird, Fringilla coelebs, of the finch family, found throughout Europe and eastward to Iran and eastern Mediterranean coastlands.


lexentry: eng/chaga__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chaga
trans_list: chaga
sense:
A parasitic fungus of trees, usually birch, found on the circumboreal region of the Northern hemisphere, Inonotus obliquus.


lexentry: eng/chaga__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: chaga
trans_list: chaga
sense:
The irregular conk of this fungus, used in East European folk medicine to treat a number of conditions.


lexentry: eng/chagrin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chagrin
trans_list: chagrin
sense:
Distress of mind caused by a failure of aims or plans, want of appreciation, mistakes etc; vexation or mortification.


lexentry: eng/chain__Noun__1
sense_num: 08
written_rep: chain
trans_list: chaîne
sense:
(mathematics, set theory, order theory) A totally ordered set, especially a totally ordered subset of a poset.


lexentry: eng/chain__Noun__1
sense_num: 09
written_rep: chain
trans_list: chaîne
sense:
(algebraic topology, originally) A formal sum of cells in a CW complex of a certain dimension k (in which case the formal sums are called k-chains); a formal sum of simplices or cubes of a certain dimension in a simplical complex or cubical complex (respectively).


lexentry: eng/chain_drive__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chain drive
trans_list: transmission par chaîne
sense:
(mechanics) transmission system in which power is transferred to the wheels (for example), by means of a chain.


lexentry: eng/chain_letter__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chain letter
trans_list: chaînette
sense:
A letter that can be mailed successively to different recipients, with each recipient ostensibly (but sometimes sarcastically) being instructed in the body of the letter to mail the letter to another person or persons.


lexentry: eng/chain_of_command__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chain of command
trans_list: chaîne de commandement
sense:
(military) The command hierarchy or structure in which one rank obeys the one above it, which obeys the one above it, and so forth.


lexentry: eng/chain_reaction__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: chain reaction
trans_list: réaction en chaîne
sense:
(nuclear physics) A nuclear reaction in which particles produced by the fission of one atom trigger fissions of other atoms.


lexentry: eng/chain_rule__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chain rule
trans_list: règle de la chaîne | règle de dérivation en chaîne
sense:
(calculus) A formula for computing the derivative of the functional composition of two or more functions.


lexentry: eng/chain_shot__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chain shot
trans_list: boulet chaîné
sense:
(historical, military, nautical) A projectile consisting of two cannon balls or half balls linked by a chain, fired from cannons mostly to attack spars and rigging.


lexentry: eng/chain_store__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chain store
trans_list: chaîne de magasins
sense:
A retail outlet that is one of a group of similar establishments having common format, contents, ownership and management.


lexentry: eng/chainring__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chainring
trans_list: plateau
sense:
The large forward ring on a bicycle that a chain attaches to, in order to transfer energy to a wheel. It consists of one or more sprockets that are driven by the cranks and pedals of the bicycle.


lexentry: eng/chainsaw__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chainsaw
trans_list: tronçonneuse | scie à chaîne
sense:
(forestry, machinery, DIY) A power saw that has a power-driven and fast-revolving chain of metal teeth, usually used to cut trees.


lexentry: eng/chair__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chair
trans_list: chaise | fauteuil
sense:
An item of furniture used to sit on or in, comprising a seat, legs or wheels, back, and sometimes arm rests, for use by one person.


lexentry: eng/chairlift__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chairlift
trans_list: télésiège
sense:
A continuously moving series of open seats, slung from overhead cables, used to transport people (especially skiers) up the sides of mountains.


lexentry: eng/chaise_longue__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chaise longue
trans_list: chaise longue
sense:
(chiefly, _, UK) A reclining chair with a long seat, which can support the outstretched legs of a sitter normally with one armrest.


lexentry: eng/chakra__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chakra
trans_list: chakra | tchakra
sense:
(Hinduism, Ayurveda) Any of (at least) seven centres of spiritual energy in or near the body, according to Ayurveda philosophy.


lexentry: eng/chalaza__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: chalaza
trans_list: chalaze
sense:
(zoology) One of the two spiral bands which attach the yolk of an egg to the eggshell, suspending it in the white.


lexentry: eng/chalazion__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chalazion
trans_list: chalazion
sense:
(ophthalmology, optometry) A cyst in the eyelid, caused by inflammation of a blocked meibomian gland.


lexentry: eng/chalcedony__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chalcedony
trans_list: calcédoine
sense:
A form of fine-grained quartz that is nearly transparent or has a milky translucence; it fractures conchoidally.


lexentry: eng/chalcogen__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chalcogen
trans_list: chalcogène
sense:
(inorganic chemistry) Any element of group 16 of the periodic table: oxygen, sulfur, selenium, tellurium or polonium.


lexentry: eng/chalet__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: chalet
trans_list: chalet
sense:
(Singapore) A recreational lodge or small house within the grounds of a country club, resort, clubhouse or other recreational space, used for events, staycations and social gatherings.


lexentry: eng/chalice__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chalice
trans_list: calice
sense:
A large drinking cup, often having a stem and base and used especially for formal occasions and religious ceremonies.


lexentry: eng/chalk__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: chalk
trans_list: craie
sense:
(countable) A piece of chalk, or nowadays processed compressed gypsum (calcium sulfate, CaSO4), that is used for drawing and for writing on a blackboard (chalkboard).


lexentry: eng/chalk__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: chalk
trans_list: magnésie
sense:
(uncountable, climbing, gymnastics) A white powdery substance used to prevent hands slipping from holds when climbing, or losing grip in weight-lifting or gymnastics, sometimes but not always limestone-chalk, often magnesium carbonate (MgCO3).


lexentry: eng/chalk_and_cheese__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chalk and cheese
trans_list: le jour et la nuit
sense:
(British, NZ, idiomatic) Said of things that are very different, though possibly superficially alike.


lexentry: eng/challah__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: challah
trans_list: hallah | challah
sense:
(countable) A traditional bread eaten by Ashkenazi Jews, usually braided for the Sabbath and round for a yom tov.


lexentry: eng/challenge__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: challenge
trans_list: défi | épreuve | chalenge
sense:
A difficult task, especially one that the person making the attempt finds more enjoyable because of that difficulty.


lexentry: eng/challenge__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: challenge
trans_list: défi | challenge | chalenge
sense:
(legal, rare) A judge's interest in the result of a case, constituting grounds for them to not be allowed to sit the case (e.g., a conflict of interest).


lexentry: eng/challenge__Verb__1
sense_num: 11
written_rep: challenge
trans_list: défier
sense:
(Canada, US, transitive) To take (a final exam) in order to get credit for a course without taking it.


lexentry: eng/challenger__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: challenger
trans_list: challengeur | concurrent
sense:
One who challenges; especially, one who plays against the current champion of a game or contest in hopes of winning and becoming the new champion.


lexentry: eng/chamber_orchestra__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chamber orchestra
trans_list: orchestre de chambre
sense:
An orchestra of modest size, to play chamber music, yet larger than the various chamber ensembles named after their number of instruments (from duo to nonet).


lexentry: eng/chamber_pot__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chamber pot
trans_list: pot de chambre
sense:
A container used for urination and defecation, particularly those used in early modern towns before the advent of the flush toilet.


lexentry: eng/chamberlain__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chamberlain
trans_list: chambellan
sense:
A senior royal official in charge of superintending the arrangement of domestic affairs and often charged with receiving and paying out money kept in the royal chamber, especially in the United Kingdom and in Denmark.


lexentry: eng/chameleon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chameleon
trans_list: caméléon
sense:
A small to mid-size reptile, of the family Chamaeleonidae, and one of the best known lizard families able to change color and project its long tongue.


lexentry: eng/champagne__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: champagne
trans_list: champagne
sense:
(countable, uncountable) A sparkling white wine made from a blend of grapes, especially Chardonnay and pinot, produced in Champagne, France, by the méthode champenoise.


lexentry: eng/champagne_bucket__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: champagne bucket
trans_list: seau à Champagne
sense:
A bowl or bucket designed for holding ice cubes or crushed ice that is used to chill a bottle of champagne.


lexentry: eng/champagne_socialist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: champagne socialist
trans_list: socialiste de salon
sense:
(derogatory) A person who espouses socialism and claims to adhere to its values while enjoying an extravagant lifestyle that is seen as being ostensibly in conflict with their political beliefs.


lexentry: eng/chancel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chancel
trans_list: chancel | clôture de chœur
sense:
The space around the altar in a church, often enclosed, for use by the clergy and the choir. In medieval cathedrals the chancel was usually enclosed or blocked off from the nave by an altar screen.


lexentry: eng/chancellor__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chancellor
trans_list: chancelier | chancelière
sense:
A senior secretary or official with administrative or legal duties, sometimes in charge of some area of government such as finance or justice.


lexentry: eng/chancellor__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: chancellor
trans_list: contremaître de jury
sense:
(Christianity) A senior record keeper of a cathedral; a senior legal officer for a bishop or diocese in charge of hearing cases involving ecclesiastical law.


lexentry: eng/change_horses_in_midstream__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: change horses in midstream
trans_list: changer de cheval au milieu du gué
sense:
(idiomatic) To change one's plan or approach when an effort is already underway or at another inopportune time.


lexentry: eng/change_management__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: change management
trans_list: accompagnement au changement
sense:
(computing) the controlled implementation of required changes to some system; includes version control and planned fallback


lexentry: eng/change_someone's_mind__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: change someone's mind
trans_list: changer d'avis
sense:
(idiomatic) To convince someone to make a choice or develop a preference differing from their previous one.


lexentry: eng/changeling__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: changeling
trans_list: changelin | changeling
sense:
(European folklore, also, figurative) In pre-modern European folklore: an infant of a magical creature that was secretly exchanged for a human infant. In British, Irish and Scandinavian mythology the exchanged infants were thought to be those of fairies, sprites or trolls; in other places, they were ascribed to demons, devils, or witches.


lexentry: eng/changing_room__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: changing room
trans_list: cabine d'essayage
sense:
A room or enclosure, e.g. in a clothes shop, where people try on clothes they are interested in buying.


lexentry: eng/channel__Noun__1
sense_num: 15
written_rep: channel
trans_list: chaîne | chenal
sense:
(broadcasting) A specific radio frequency or band of frequencies, usually in conjunction with a predetermined letter, number, or codeword, and allocated by international agreement.


lexentry: eng/chanterelle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chanterelle
trans_list: girolle | chanterelle
sense:
(mushroom) A widely distributed edible mushroom, Cantharellus cibarius, being yellow and trumpet-shaped; or any similar mushroom of the genera Cantharellus, Polyozellus or Gomphus, not all of which are edible.


lexentry: eng/chantwell__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chantwell
trans_list: chantuelle
sense:
(chiefly, Trinidad and Tobago, music) A (generally female) lead singer of traditional cariso music, or of a calypso band. [from early 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/chaos__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: chaos
trans_list: chaos
sense:
(mathematics) A behaviour of iterative non-linear systems in which arbitrarily small variations in initial conditions become magnified over time.


lexentry: eng/chaos_theory__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chaos theory
trans_list: théorie du chaos
sense:
(mathematics) The study of iterative non-linear systems in which arbitrarily small variations in initial conditions become magnified over time.


lexentry: eng/chap__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: chap
trans_list: crevasser
sense:
(transitive) To cause to open in slits or chinks; to split; to cause the skin of to crack or become rough.


lexentry: eng/chaparral__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chaparral
trans_list: maquis
sense:
(US) A region of shrubs, typically dry in the summer and rainy in the winter. The coast of the Mediterranean is such a region.


lexentry: eng/chapbook__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chapbook
trans_list: livret de colportage
sense:
A small book, usually made from a single sheet, folded several times, containing poems, ballads or religious tracts.


lexentry: eng/chapel__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: chapel
trans_list: chapelle
sense:
(UK) A place of worship of a denomination not in conformity with the Church of England, usually Protestant.


lexentry: eng/chapel_of_ease__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chapel of ease
trans_list: succursale
sense:
A chapel built in a remote part of a parish to meet the needs of those who live far from the parish church.


lexentry: eng/chapelmaster__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chapelmaster
trans_list: maître de chapelle
sense:
A director of music in a chapel, the musical director of a court and/or major church's choir and/or orchestra; often also a composer.


lexentry: eng/chaperone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chaperone
trans_list: chaperon
sense:
An older person who accompanies other younger people to ensure the propriety of their behaviour, often an older woman accompanying a young woman.


lexentry: eng/chapka__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chapka
trans_list: chapska
sense:
A type of hat worn by 19th-century Polish cavalry, consisting of a high, four-pointed cap with regimental insignia on the front, and now associated with Polish independence and nationalism.


lexentry: eng/chaplain__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chaplain
trans_list: chapelain | aumônier
sense:
A member of a religious body who is (often, although not always, of the clergy) officially assigned to provide pastoral care at an institution, group, private chapel, etc.


lexentry: eng/chaplet__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: chaplet
trans_list: chapelet
sense:
(Catholicism) A set of repetitive prayers, other than the Rosary, typically prayed with a string of beads.


lexentry: eng/chapter__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chapter
trans_list: chapitre | section | branche
sense:
A section of a work, a collection of works, or fragments of works, often manuscripts or transcriptions, created by scholars or advocates, not the original authors, to aid in finding portions of the texts.


lexentry: eng/charabanc__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: charabanc
trans_list: char-à-bancs
sense:
(British, historical) A horse-drawn, and then later, motorized omnibus with open sides, and often, no roof.


lexentry: eng/character__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: character
trans_list: personnage
sense:
(countable) A unique or extraordinary individual; a person characterized by peculiar or notable traits, especially charisma.


lexentry: eng/character__Noun__1
sense_num: 09
written_rep: character
trans_list: caractère
sense:
(countable, computing) One of the basic elements making up a text file or string: a code representing a printing character or a control character.


lexentry: eng/character__Noun__1
sense_num: 11
written_rep: character
trans_list: caractère
sense:
(countable, mathematics) An assignment of complex numbers to each element of a group, in particular a finite abelian group.


lexentry: eng/character_amnesia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: character amnesia
trans_list: amnésie des caractères
sense:
A phenomenon whereby experienced speakers of some East Asian languages forget how to write Chinese characters previously well known to them.


lexentry: eng/character_class__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: character class
trans_list: classe de caractères
sense:
(RPG) One of a number of pre-determined groups into which characters in role-playing games are grouped, based on the focus of their skills.


lexentry: eng/character_reference__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: character reference
trans_list: référence de caractère
sense:
A statement concerning the character of a person, typically for submission during a job application or court proceeding.


lexentry: eng/characteristic_polynomial__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: characteristic polynomial
trans_list: polynôme caractéristique
sense:
(linear algebra) The polynomial produced from a given square matrix by first subtracting the appropriate identity matrix multiplied by an indeterminant and then calculating the determinant.


lexentry: eng/charango__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: charango
trans_list: charango
sense:
A small guitar-like stringed instrument with five courses of eighteen to fifteen strings, originating in traditional Andean folk music.


lexentry: eng/charcoal__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: charcoal
trans_list: charbon de bois
sense:
(countable, uncountable) impure carbon obtained by destructive distillation of wood or other organic matter, that is, heating it in the absence of oxygen.


lexentry: eng/charcoal_burner__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: charcoal burner
trans_list: charbonnier
sense:
A person whose job it is to make charcoal, traditionally by carbonizing wood in a charcoal clamp or a kiln.


lexentry: eng/chard__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chard
trans_list: blette | bette | poirée | jotte
sense:
(uncountable, culinary) An edible leafy vegetable, Beta vulgaris subsp. cicla, with a slightly bitter taste.


lexentry: eng/charge-coupled_device__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: charge-coupled device
trans_list: dispositif à couplage de charge
sense:
A device for the movement of electrical charge, usually from within the device to an area where the charge can be manipulated, for example by conversion into a digital value.


lexentry: eng/charge__Verb__1
sense_num: 11
written_rep: charge
trans_list: charger
sense:
(transitive) To load equipment with material required for its use, as a firearm with powder, a fire hose with water, a chemical reactor with raw materials.


lexentry: eng/charge__Verb__1
sense_num: 12
written_rep: charge
trans_list: armer | charger | s'élancer
sense:
(cricket, of a, batsman) To take a few steps down the pitch towards the bowler as they deliver the ball, either to disrupt the length of the delivery, or to get into a better position to hit the ball.


lexentry: eng/charge__Verb__1
sense_num: 13
written_rep: charge
trans_list: armer | charger
sense:
(transitive, of a, hunting dog) To lie on the belly and be still. (A command given by a hunter to a dog)


lexentry: eng/chargé_d'affaires__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chargé d'affaires
trans_list: chargé d'affaires | chargée d'affaires
sense:
(diplomacy) A diplomat, ranking below an ambassador, who heads a diplomatic mission when no ambassador is present, either temporarily (in the interim between the departure of one ambassador and the accreditation of another) or for an extended time.


lexentry: eng/charism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: charism
trans_list: charisme
sense:
(Christianity, theology, rare) A power or authority, generally of a spiritual nature, believed to be a freely given gift by the Grace of God.


lexentry: eng/charismatic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: charismatic
trans_list: charismatique
sense:
Of, related to, or having charisma: having a form of compelling charm which inspires devotion in others due to their strength of character and being full of personality; charming, fascinating, magnetic


lexentry: eng/charismatic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: charismatic
trans_list: charismatique
sense:
Of, related to, or being a member of a form of Christianity that emphasizes the role of the Holy Spirit.


lexentry: eng/charismatic_megafauna__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: charismatic megafauna
trans_list: mégafaune charismatique
sense:
Large animals with broad popular appeal, especially as used by activists to focus public opinion on environmentalist goals.


lexentry: eng/charity__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: charity
trans_list: charité | bienfaisance
sense:
(uncountable) Benevolence to others less fortunate than ourselves; the providing of goods or money to those in need.


lexentry: eng/charity__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: charity
trans_list: charité
sense:
In general, an attitude of kindness and understanding towards others, now especially suggesting generosity.


lexentry: eng/charity__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: charity
trans_list: charité
sense:
(archaic, Christianity) Christian love; representing God's love of man, man's love of God, or man's love of his fellow-men.


lexentry: eng/charivari__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: charivari
trans_list: charivari
sense:
The noisy banging of pots and pans as a mock serenade to a newly married couple, or similar occasion.


lexentry: eng/charlock__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: charlock
trans_list: moutarde des champs | sanve
sense:
Any of several yellow-flowered cruciferous weeds of grain fields, especially wild mustard (Rhamphospermum arvense, syn. Sinapis arvensis).


lexentry: eng/charlotte_russe__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: charlotte russe
trans_list: charlotte russe
sense:
A dessert of custard or whipped cream enclosed in sponge cake, often in the form of ladyfingers. [from mid 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/charm__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: charm
trans_list: breloque
sense:
A small trinket on a bracelet or chain, etc., traditionally supposed to confer luck upon the wearer.


lexentry: eng/charm__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: charm
trans_list: charme
sense:
(finance) A second-order measure of derivative price sensitivity, expressed as the instantaneous rate of change of delta with respect to time.


lexentry: eng/charm__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: charm
trans_list: ensorceler
sense:
(transitive) To use a magical charm upon; to subdue, control, or summon by incantation or supernatural influence; to ensorcel or exert a magical effect on.


lexentry: eng/charm_quark__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: charm quark
trans_list: quark charm | quark charme | quark charmé
sense:
(particle) A quark having a fractional electric charge of +\frac{2}{3} and a mass of about 1150 to 1350 MeV.Symbol: c


lexentry: eng/chart_of_accounts__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chart of accounts
trans_list: plan comptable
sense:
(accounting) A list of financial accounts set up, usually by an accountant, for an organization, and available for use by the bookkeeper for recording transactions in the organization's general ledger.


lexentry: eng/charter__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: charter
trans_list: charte
sense:
A document issued by some authority, creating a public or private institution, and defining its purposes and privileges.


lexentry: eng/chartist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chartist
trans_list: chartiste
sense:
(finance) A financial analyst who attempts to predict future movements in the prices of shares or other financial instruments by looking for patterns in charts of historical data.


lexentry: eng/charwoman__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: charwoman
trans_list: femme de ménage | nettoyeuse | femme de journée | femme de service | technicienne de surface
sense:
(chiefly, British) A woman employed to do housework, traditionally coming and going on a daily basis and paid weekly wages.


lexentry: eng/chase__Noun__1
sense_num: 08
written_rep: chase
trans_list: poursuite
sense:
(real tennis) The occurrence of a second bounce by the ball in certain areas of the court, giving the server the chance, later in the game, to "play off" the chase from the receiving end and possibly win the point.


lexentry: eng/chasma__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chasma
trans_list: chasma
sense:
(astronomy, geology) A long, narrow, steep-sided depression on a planet (often other than Earth), a moon, or another body in the Solar System.


lexentry: eng/chastity__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chastity
trans_list: chasteté
sense:
The quality of being chaste: the state of abstaining from any sexual activity considered immoral; avoidance of sexual sins.


lexentry: eng/chastity_belt__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chastity belt
trans_list: ceinture de chasteté
sense:
A belt-like garment, designed to be worn over the genitals and locked to prevent sexual intercourse, typically for long periods of time, to maintain chastity, prevent masturbation, or to enforce BDSM submission.


lexentry: eng/chat__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: chat
trans_list: chat | clavardage | discussion
sense:
(countable, uncountable) An exchange of text or voice messages in real time through a computer network, resembling a face-to-face conversation.


lexentry: eng/chat__Verb__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: chat
trans_list: chatter | tchatter | clavarder
sense:
To exchange text or voice messages in real time through a computer network such as a social media chat room or messaging application (as if having a face-to-face conversation instead of SMS or writing emails or letters).


lexentry: eng/chat_up__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chat up
trans_list: allumer | draguer | emballer
sense:
(transitive, idiomatic) To talk to (someone) in a friendly, open, or casual manner, sometimes also in a charming or affected manner, usually to curry favor, and sometimes flirtatiously with the intention of establishing a romantic or sexual encounter or relationship with that person.


lexentry: eng/chatelaine__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: chatelaine
trans_list: châtelaine
sense:
(historical) A chain or clasp worn at the waist by women with handkerchief, keys, etc., attached, supposed to resemble the chain of keys once worn by medieval chatelaines.


lexentry: eng/chauffeur__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chauffeur
trans_list: chauffeur | chauffeuse
sense:
A person employed to drive a private motor car or a hired car of executive or luxury class (like a limousine).


lexentry: eng/chauvinism__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: chauvinism
trans_list: chauvinisme
sense:
(pejorative) Unwarranted bias, favoritism, or devotion to one's own particular group, cause, or idea.


lexentry: eng/chav__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chav
trans_list: racaille | cacou
sense:
(UK, MLE, Ireland, derogatory, offensive ) A working-class youth, especially one associated with aggression, poor education, and a perceived "common" taste in clothing and lifestyle.


lexentry: eng/cheat__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: cheat
trans_list: menteur
sense:
(card games) A card game where the goal is to have no cards remaining in a hand, often by telling lies.


lexentry: eng/cheat__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: cheat
trans_list: cheat
sense:
(video games) A hidden means of gaining an unfair advantage in a video game, often by entering a cheat code.


lexentry: eng/cheat_sheet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cheat sheet
trans_list: antisèche | pompe
sense:
A sheet of paper (or a digital analogue thereof) containing notes used to assist (with or without permission) on a test; especially, such a sheet used secretly and improperly.


lexentry: eng/check__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: check
trans_list: vérifier | cocher
sense:
(transitive, US, often used with "off") To mark items on a list (with a checkmark or by crossing them out) that have been chosen for keeping or removal or that have been dealt with (for example, completed or verified as correct or satisfactory).


lexentry: eng/check_in__Verb__1
sense_num: 09
written_rep: check in
trans_list: enregistrer
sense:
(intransitive, Netherlands, NNSE) to tap on, to touch in, to tap in (to use a smartcard to start a public transport journey)


lexentry: eng/check_out__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: check out
trans_list: examiner | claquer | crever | mater | regarder | régler sa note (d'hôtel)
sense:
(transitive) To examine, inspect, look at closely, ogle; to investigate; to gather information so as to make a decision.


lexentry: eng/check_out__Verb__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: check out
trans_list: emprunter | s'en aller | se barrer | se casser
sense:
(intransitive) To become uninterested in an activity and cease to participate in more than a perfunctory manner; to become uncooperative.


lexentry: eng/check_through__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: check through
trans_list: laisser passer
sense:
(idiomatic) To permit someone to continue onward, e.g. through a security checkpoint, after verifying their identity, tickets, etc.


lexentry: eng/checkbox__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: checkbox
trans_list: case à cocher
sense:
(graphical user interface) An on-screen box that can be optionally filled with a check mark, to enable or disable a setting.


lexentry: eng/checkerboard__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: checkerboard
trans_list: damier | échiquier
sense:
A board, usually square, covered with such a pattern; especially such a board with 8×8 squares, used to play chess and draughts/checkers.


lexentry: eng/checkmate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: checkmate
trans_list: échec et mat | mat
sense:
The conclusive victory in a game of chess that occurs when an opponent's king is threatened with unavoidable capture.


lexentry: eng/checkpoint__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: checkpoint
trans_list: poste-frontière | point de contrôle
sense:
A point or place where a check is performed, especially a point along a road or on a frontier where travellers are stopped for inspection


lexentry: eng/checkpoint__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: checkpoint
trans_list: point de sauvegarde
sense:
(computing) A situation, often represented by a point in time, at which the state of a database system is known to be valid, and to which it can be returned in the event of a crisis by using a combination of backups and logs; the data stored at this event.


lexentry: eng/checkpoint__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: checkpoint
trans_list: sauvegarde
sense:
(video games) A predetermined point in a map, level or scenario that the player may resume from if they die or restart.


lexentry: eng/checks_and_balances__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: checks and balances
trans_list: poids et contrepoids
sense:
(politics) A system for multiple branches of government wherein each has some control over the actions of each of the others.


lexentry: eng/checksum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: checksum
trans_list: somme de contrôle
sense:
(mathematics, computing) A number, derived by applying a suitable algorithm to some data, used to check whether errors have occurred in transmission, storage or data entry.


lexentry: eng/cheek__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cheek
trans_list: joue
sense:
(anatomy) The soft skin on each side of the face, below the eyes; the outer surface of the sides of the oral cavity.


lexentry: eng/cheek__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cheek
trans_list: fesse
sense:
(anatomy, informal, usually, in the plural) The lower part of the buttocks that is often exposed beneath very brief underwear, swimwear, or extremely short shorts.


lexentry: eng/cheek__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: cheek
trans_list: potence de bringuebale
sense:
(nautical) pump-cheek, pump-cheeks, a piece of wood cut out fork-shaped in which the brake is fastened by means of a bolt and can thus move around and move the upper box of the pump up and down


lexentry: eng/cheeky__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cheeky
trans_list: effronté | impertinent | insolent
sense:
(informal) Impudent; impertinent; impertinently bold, often in a way that is regarded as endearing or amusing.


lexentry: eng/cheerleader__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cheerleader
trans_list: pom-pom girl | cheerleader
sense:
(chiefly, US) A person, usually a young, attractive female, who encourages applause and cheers at a sports event, and wearing a specially-designed uniform in the official colors of the team he/she cheers for.


lexentry: eng/cheerleading__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cheerleading
trans_list: cheerleading
sense:
A physical activity in which cheerleaders organize elements of dance, gymnastics, and tumbling for judgment or to cheer on a team.


lexentry: eng/cheers__Interjection__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cheers
trans_list: ciao | salut | à plus
sense:
(chiefly, Commonwealth, informal) goodbye, especially as a sign-off in an email or after writing a comment.


lexentry: eng/cheese_mite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cheese mite
trans_list: artison | artisou | ciron | céron | mite du fromage
sense:
Any of several species of mite that thrive on the surface of cheese and feed on it. They are used on purpose in production of some types of cheese to give the cheese a distinct flavor.


lexentry: eng/cheesecake__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cheesecake
trans_list: cheese-cake | cheesecake | gâteau au fromage | cheese cake | tarte au fromage
sense:
(countable, and, uncountable, obsolete) A pie made of cream, eggs and milk (somewhat resembling the modern American chess cake).


lexentry: eng/cheesecloth__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cheesecloth
trans_list: étamine à fromage
sense:
A loosely woven cotton gauze, originally used to wrap cheese, but now used for various culinary tasks and by farmers to shade crops and keep birds off.


lexentry: eng/cheetah__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cheetah
trans_list: guépard
sense:
(cat) A distinctive member (Acinonyx jubatus) of the cat family, slightly smaller than the leopard, but with proportionately longer limbs and a smaller head; native to Africa and southeast Asia (where it is nearly extinct) and also credited with being the fastest terrestrial animal.


lexentry: eng/chef's_knife__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chef's knife
trans_list: couteau de chef
sense:
A type of general purpose kitchen knife used for food preparation, typically measuring eight inches by one and a half inches.


lexentry: eng/chelicera__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chelicera
trans_list: chélicère
sense:
(zoology) Either of the prehensile claws found on the proboscis of chelicerates (horseshoe crabs, sea spiders and arachnids).


lexentry: eng/chelone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chelone
trans_list: chélone
sense:
(botany) Chelone, a genus of four species of perennial herbaceous plants that are native to eastern North America.


lexentry: eng/chemical_castration__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chemical castration
trans_list: castration chimique
sense:
A medical treatment using an anaphrodisiacal hormonal drug to inhibit the function of a man's testes, intended to have the same effect on the sex drive as surgical castration. It is typically used on sex offenders as a punishment and/or preventative measure, or on people wishing to undergo male-to-female transsexualism.


lexentry: eng/chemical_compound__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chemical compound
trans_list: composé chimique | corps composé
sense:
(chemistry) Any substance formed by the union of two or more chemical elements in a fixed ratio, the union being a chemical bond.


lexentry: eng/chemical_element__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: chemical element
trans_list: élément chimique
sense:
(chemistry) A chemical substance made entirely of one such type of atom; any one of the simplest chemical substances that cannot be decomposed in a chemical reaction or by any chemical means and made up of atoms all having the same number of protons.


lexentry: eng/chemical_engineering__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chemical engineering
trans_list: génie chimique | génie des procédés
sense:
The branch of engineering that deals with the design, construction and operation of industrial process plants, and the physical, chemical and biological processes to create substances or energy in a useful and economic form.


lexentry: eng/chemical_equation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chemical equation
trans_list: équation chimique
sense:
(chemistry) a symbolic representation of a chemical reaction; reactants are represented on the left, and products on the right


lexentry: eng/chemical_reaction__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chemical reaction
trans_list: réaction chimique
sense:
(chemistry) A process, typically involving the breaking or making of interatomic bonds, in which one or more substances are changed into others.


lexentry: eng/chemical_sensitivity__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chemical sensitivity
trans_list: sensibilité chimique
sense:
(medicine) an extreme sensitivity, or allergic reaction, to any of various chemical compounds present in the normal environment


lexentry: eng/chemical_series__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chemical series
trans_list: série chimique
sense:
Any group of chemical elements whose chemical and physical properties have similarities, and that vary progressively through the series; evident within the periodic table


lexentry: eng/chemical_species__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chemical species
trans_list: espèce chimique
sense:
(chemistry) An ensemble of chemically identical molecular entities that can explore the same set of molecular energy levels on the time scale of the experiment.


lexentry: eng/chemical_toilet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chemical toilet
trans_list: toilette chimique
sense:
A toilet or chamber pot which treats waste in place with chemical disinfectants and deodorizers, as in airplane lavatories.


lexentry: eng/chemical_warfare__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chemical warfare
trans_list: guerre chimique
sense:
(military) The use of toxic properties of chemical substances as weapons of war, through the intentional exposure of enemy forces to such substances.


lexentry: eng/chemistry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chemistry
trans_list: chimie
sense:
(uncountable) The branch of natural science that deals with the composition and constitution of substances and the changes that they undergo as a consequence of alterations in the constitution of their molecules.


lexentry: eng/chemistry__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: chemistry
trans_list: chimie
sense:
(medicine, countable, informal, sometimes, proscribed) A blood test to measure the amount of various components of the serum (such as electrolytes, creatinine, and glucose).


lexentry: eng/chemokine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chemokine
trans_list: chimiokine | chémokine
sense:
(protein, immunology) Any of various chemotactic cytokines, produced during inflammation, that organize the leukocytes.


lexentry: eng/chemostratigraphy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chemostratigraphy
trans_list: chimiostratigraphie
sense:
(chemistry, geology) The study and dating of sedimentary strata by the analysis of trace elements and isotopic ratios


lexentry: eng/chemosynthesis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chemosynthesis
trans_list: chimiosynthèse
sense:
the production of carbohydrates and other compounds from simple compounds such as carbon dioxide, using the oxidation of chemical nutrients as a source of energy rather than sunlight; it is limited to certain bacteria and fungi


lexentry: eng/chemotherapy__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: chemotherapy
trans_list: chimiothérapie
sense:
(oncology, most common usage) chemical treatment to kill or halt the replication and/or spread of cancerous cells in a patient.


lexentry: eng/chemtrail__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chemtrail
trans_list: chemtrail
sense:
(often, in plural) A contrail consisting of chemicals or biological agents deliberately sprayed at high altitudes, according to certain conspiracy theories.


lexentry: eng/chengyu__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chengyu
trans_list: chengyu
sense:
(linguistics) A certain kind of Chinese set phrase originating in Classical Chinese, typically four characters in length, and usually proverbial.


lexentry: eng/chequy__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chequy
trans_list: échiqueté
sense:
(heraldry) Chequered; divided into small squares (chequers) by transverse vertical and horizontal lines.


lexentry: eng/chernozem__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chernozem
trans_list: tchernoziom | tchernozème
sense:
(soil science) A fertile black soil containing a very high percentage of humus (3% to 15%) and high percentages of phosphoric acids, phosphorus and ammonia.


lexentry: eng/cherry-pick__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cherry-pick
trans_list: trier sur le volet
sense:
(idiomatic) To pick out the best or most desirable items from a list or group, especially to obtain some advantage or to present something in the best possible light.


lexentry: eng/cherry_laurel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cherry laurel
trans_list: laurier-cerise
sense:
An evergreen cherry in the section Prunus sect. Laurocerasus, some of which are cultivated as ornamentals.


lexentry: eng/cherry_laurel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cherry laurel
trans_list: laurier-cerise
sense:
Prunus laurocerasus, an evergreen shrub, native to regions bordering the Black Sea in southwestern Asia.


lexentry: eng/cherry_picking__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cherry picking
trans_list: picorage | cueillette de cerises
sense:
The selection of desirable items and rejection of undesirable ones in order to obtain an advantage or present something in the best possible light.


lexentry: eng/cherry_tree__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cherry tree
trans_list: cerisier
sense:
A tree of the subgenus Prunus subg. Cerasus, the members of which are valued agriculturally for their fruit, the cherry, and the wood of the tree, cherrywood, used in woodworking.


lexentry: eng/cherrywood__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cherrywood
trans_list: cerisier
sense:
A hardwood obtained from the cherry tree, valued for use in furniture and other woodworking applications.


lexentry: eng/chert__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chert
trans_list: chaille
sense:
(geology, uncountable) Massive, usually dull-colored and opaque, quartzite, hornstone, impure chalcedony, or other flint-like mineral.


lexentry: eng/cherub__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cherub
trans_list: chérubin
sense:
(biblical) A winged creature attending God and guarding his throne described as a being with four faces (man, lion, ox, and eagle), human hands, calf hooves, four wings, and many eyes. A description can be found in Ezekiel chapter 1 and Ezekiel chapter 10; similar to a lamassu (winged bull with a human torso) in the pre-exilic texts of the Hebrew Bible, more humanoid in later texts.


lexentry: eng/chervonets__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chervonets
trans_list: tchervonets
sense:
Any of several former currencies of Russia: applied to various foreign gold coins prior to the reign of Peter I of Russia, then to a Russian gold coin of 1701-1757, and finally to a 1922 currency of the Soviet Union.


lexentry: eng/chess__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chess
trans_list: échecs | jeu d'échecs
sense:
A board game for two players, each beginning with sixteen chess pieces moving according to fixed rules across a chessboard with the objective to checkmate the opposing king.


lexentry: eng/chess_clock__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chess clock
trans_list: pendule d'échecs
sense:
A device consisting of two clocks and a switch for running one at a time, used in chess and other games to measure how much time each player takes.


lexentry: eng/chessboard__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chessboard
trans_list: échiquier
sense:
(chess) The square board used in the game of chess, subdivided into eight rows of eight squares each, the squares in each row and column being of alternating colours.


lexentry: eng/chest__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: chest
trans_list: poitrine
sense:
(anatomy) The portion of the human body from the base of the neck to the top of the abdomen; the homologous area in some other animals.


lexentry: eng/chest_of_drawers__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chest of drawers
trans_list: commode | chiffonnier
sense:
A piece of furniture which has multiple parallel, horizontal drawers stacked one above the other, used mainly for the storage of clean clothes.


lexentry: eng/chest_voice__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chest voice
trans_list: voix de poitrine
sense:
(phonology, music) A kind of voice of a medium or low pitch and a sonorous quality ascribed to resonance in the chest, or thorax; voice of the thick register. It is produced by vibration of the vocal cords through their entire width and thickness, and with convex surfaces presented to each other.


lexentry: eng/chest_wall__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chest wall
trans_list: cage thoracique
sense:
(medicine) The set of tissues that bound the thoracic cavity, including the rib cage, fascia, muscles etc.


lexentry: eng/chevron__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chevron
trans_list: chevron
sense:
A V-shaped pattern; used in architecture, and as an insignia of military or police rank, on the sleeve.


lexentry: eng/chevrotain__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chevrotain
trans_list: chevrotain
sense:
Any of several small hornless ruminants of the family Tragulidae, native to tropical rainforests of South and Southeast Asia, and Central and West Africa; a mouse deer.


lexentry: eng/chew__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chew
trans_list: mâcher | mastiquer | mordiller
sense:
To crush with the teeth by repeated closing and opening of the jaws; done to food to soften it and break it down by the action of saliva before it is swallowed.


lexentry: eng/chew_the_cud__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: chew the cud
trans_list: ruminer
sense:
(figuratively, idiomatic, of a person) To meditate or ponder before answering; to be deep in thought; to ruminate.


lexentry: eng/chew_the_scenery__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chew the scenery
trans_list: cabotiner | surjouer
sense:
(idiomatic, performing arts) To display excessive emotion or to act in an exaggerated manner while performing; to be melodramatic; to be flamboyant.


lexentry: eng/chi__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chi
trans_list: qi
sense:
(philosophy, mysticism) A life force in traditional Chinese philosophy, culture, medicine, etc, related (but not limited) to breath and circulation.


lexentry: eng/chia__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: chia
trans_list: chia
sense:
Salvia columbariae, a sage with similar seeds, native to the southwestern US and northwestern Mexico.


lexentry: eng/chiaroscuro__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chiaroscuro
trans_list: clair-obscur
sense:
(painting) An artistic technique developed during the Renaissance, referring to the use of strong contrasts between light and dark in order to create the illusion of volume.


lexentry: eng/chicane__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: chicane
trans_list: chicane
sense:
The use of dishonest means or subterfuge to achieve one's (especially political) goals; chicanery, trickery. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/chicane__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: chicane
trans_list: chicane
sense:
(motor racing) A sharp double bend on a racecourse, designed to prevent unsafe speeds; an obstacle creating a curve. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/chicken_dance__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chicken dance
trans_list: danse des canards
sense:
(preceded by definite article) A simple modern dance, performed to a version of Werner Thomas's Bird Song or Birdie Song, in which certain moves mimic the movements of a chicken.


lexentry: eng/chicken_out__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chicken out
trans_list: laisser tomber | lâcher | lâcher l'affaire | se dégonfler
sense:
(idiomatic) To shy away from a daring task; to decline, refuse, or avoid something due to fear or uncertainty.


lexentry: eng/chicken_wire__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: chicken wire
trans_list: grillage
sense:
(countable) A type of such material, differentiated by material, coating, wire thickness, width, and mesh size.


lexentry: eng/chickenhawk__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chickenhawk
trans_list: épervier brun
sense:
Any of the North American hawk species (Cooper's hawk, sharp-shinned hawk and red-tailed hawk), or counterparts elsewhere, mistakenly believed to be pests.


lexentry: eng/chickling_vetch__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chickling vetch
trans_list: gesse | gesse commune | lentille d'Espagne | pois carré
sense:
A plant with edible seeds similar to peas and chickpeas of species Lathyrus sativus, used as a famine food but causing lathyrism if eaten in large amounts or over a long time.


lexentry: eng/chicory__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chicory
trans_list: chicorée | chicon | endive
sense:
(chiefly, Britain) Common chicory (Cichorium intybus), source of Belgian endive, radicchio, and certain other cultivars with other names.


lexentry: eng/chicory__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: chicory
trans_list: chicorée
sense:
(uncountable, cooking) A coffee substitute made from the roasted roots of the common chicory, sometimes used as a cheap adulterant in real coffee.


lexentry: eng/chief_executive_officer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chief executive officer
trans_list: PDG
sense:
(business) The highest-ranking corporate officer or executive officer of a corporation, company, or agency, responsible for carrying out the policies of the board of directors on a day-to-day basis; CEO.


lexentry: eng/chief_operating_officer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chief operating officer
trans_list: directeur de l’exploitation
sense:
(business) A corporate officer of a corporation, company, or agency, responsible for executing decisions of the chief executive officer (CEO) according to their decided schedule.


lexentry: eng/chief_technology_officer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chief technology officer
sense:
An executive responsible for the technological development and often the overall technical infrastructure of the products of a business, typically directly accountable to the chief executive officer or the board.

trans_list:
directeur de la technologie | directeur des nouvelles technologies | directrice de la technologie | directrice des nouvelles technologies


lexentry: eng/chiffchaff__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chiffchaff
trans_list: pouillot véloce
sense:
A small, common warbler, Phylloscopus collybita, with yellowish-green plumage that breeds throughout northern and temperate Europe and Asia.


lexentry: eng/chiffon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chiffon
trans_list: chiffon
sense:
A lightweight, balanced plain-woven sheer fabric, or gauze, like gossamer, woven of alternate S- and Z-twist crepe (high-twist) yarns made of silk, polyester, or cotton.


lexentry: eng/chigger__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: chigger
trans_list: aoutat
sense:
A harvest mite (Trombiculidae spp.), a very small, red mite endemic to the Midwestern and Southeastern US, the infestation of which causes intense itching.


lexentry: eng/chilblain__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chilblain
trans_list: engelure
sense:
An itchy purple red inflammation of the skin, especially of the hands, feet and ears, occurring when capillaries below the skin are damaged by exposure to cold weather (but do not freeze, which would lead to frostbite instead).


lexentry: eng/child__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: child
trans_list: enfant
sense:
(with possessive) One's direct descendant by birth, regardless of age; one's offspring; a son or daughter.


lexentry: eng/child__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: child
trans_list: enfant
sense:
(computing) A data item, process, or object which has a subservient or derivative role relative to another.


lexentry: eng/child__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: child
trans_list: enfant
sense:
A person considered a product of a place or culture, a member of a tribe or culture, regardless of age.


lexentry: eng/child_abuse__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: child abuse
trans_list: maltraitance sur mineur
sense:
(criminology) Physical, sexual or emotional mistreatment of a child that causes long-term or permanent damage. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/child_bride__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: child bride
trans_list: enfant mariée
sense:
A very young bride, usually coerced or pressured into nuptials with a much older man, as practiced in some cultures.


lexentry: eng/child_labour__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: child labour
trans_list: travail des enfants
sense:
(British spelling, Canadian spelling) Work performed by a minor that is prohibited by statute law, or under terms and conditions considered inhumane.


lexentry: eng/child_molester__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: child molester
trans_list: pédophile
sense:
(criminology) Someone who has committed an act of child molestation; someone who has sexually abused a minor.


lexentry: eng/child_safety_seat__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: child safety seat
trans_list: siège enfant
sense:
A detachable seat intended to provide additional safety to infants and young children when riding in automobiles, now frequently mandated by law.


lexentry: eng/child_support__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: child support
trans_list: pension alimentaire
sense:
(legal) The ongoing obligation for a periodic payment made directly or indirectly by an obligor, usually the noncustodial parent, to an obligee, usually the custodial parent or other guardian, for the financial care and support of children of a relationship or marriage that has been terminated, or which never existed.


lexentry: eng/children's_home__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: children's home
trans_list: maison d'enfants
sense:
A public institution for the care and protection of children whose parents have died or can no longer care for them.


lexentry: eng/chili__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chili
trans_list: piment
sense:
(countable) The pungent, spicy fresh or dried fruit of any of several cultivated varieties of capsicum peppers, used in cooking.


lexentry: eng/chili_oil__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chili oil
trans_list: huile piquante
sense:
A spicy condiment in which crushed dried red chili peppers (and sometimes other ingredients) have been macerated in oil


lexentry: eng/chili_pepper__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chili pepper
trans_list: piment
sense:
Any fruit of a plant of the botanical genus Capsicum, which contains capsaicin and typically has a spicy or burning flavor.


lexentry: eng/chiliasm__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chiliasm
trans_list: chiliasme | millénarisme
sense:
Belief in an earthly thousand-year period of peace and prosperity, sometimes equated with the return of Jesus for that period.


lexentry: eng/chill__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: chill
trans_list: froid
sense:
A sudden penetrating sense of cold, especially one that causes a brief trembling nerve response through the body; the trembling response itself; often associated with illness: fevers and chills, or susceptibility to illness.


lexentry: eng/chill__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: chill
trans_list: froid | frisson
sense:
An uncomfortable and numbing sense of fear, dread, anxiety, or alarm, often one that is sudden and usually accompanied by a trembling nerve response resembling the body's response to biting cold.


lexentry: eng/chimaera__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: chimaera
trans_list: chimère
sense:
A cartilaginous marine fish in the subclass Holocephali and especially the order Chimaeriformes, with a blunt snout, long tail, and a spine before the first dorsal fin


lexentry: eng/chime__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chime
trans_list: carillon
sense:
(musical instruments) A musical instrument producing a sound when struck, similar to a bell (e.g. a tubular metal bar) or actually a bell. Often used in the plural to refer to the set: the chimes.


lexentry: eng/chime__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: chime
trans_list: carillonner
sense:
(transitive) To cause to sound in harmony; to play a tune, as upon a set of bells; to move or strike in harmony.


lexentry: eng/chimera__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: chimera
trans_list: chimère
sense:
(zoology) , a cartilaginous marine fish in the subclass Holocephali and especially the order Chimaeriformes, with a blunt snout, long tail, and a spine before the first dorsal fin.


lexentry: eng/chimerical__Adjective__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: chimerical
trans_list: chimérique
sense:
(genetics) Resulting from the expression of two or more genes that originally coded for separate proteins.


lexentry: eng/chimney__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chimney
trans_list: cheminée
sense:
A vertical tube or hollow column used to emit environmentally polluting gaseous and solid matter (including but not limited to by-products of burning carbon- or hydrocarbon-based fuels); a flue.


lexentry: eng/chimney_stack__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chimney stack
trans_list: cheminée
sense:
(architectural element) A vertical structure, normally of brick, rising from a roof, containing one or more flues, each one terminating in a chimney pot.


lexentry: eng/chimney_swift__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chimney swift
trans_list: martinet ramoneur
sense:
A rapid-flying bird that feeds on flying insects, Chaetura pelagica, with a breeding range in the eastern US extending into Canada and winter range in northwestern South America.


lexentry: eng/chimpanzee__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chimpanzee
trans_list: chimpanzé
sense:
Pan troglodytes, a species of great ape in the genus Pan, native to Africa, and believed by biologists to be the closest extant relative to humans along with the bonobo.


lexentry: eng/chimpanzee__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: chimpanzee
trans_list: chimpanzé
sense:
(broadly) A member of the genus Pan, including the bonobo which was formerly known as the pygmy chimpanzee.


lexentry: eng/chinchilla__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chinchilla
trans_list: chinchilla
sense:
(countable) Either of two small, crepuscular rodents of the genus Chinchilla, native to the Andes, prized for their very soft fur and often kept as pets.


lexentry: eng/chine__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: chine
trans_list: brosse
sense:
The edge or rim of a cask, etc., formed by the projecting ends of the staves; the chamfered end of a stave.


lexentry: eng/chink__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chink
trans_list: empailler
sense:
(transitive) To fill an opening such as the space between logs in a log house with chinking; to caulk.


lexentry: eng/chinrest__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chinrest
trans_list: mentonnière
sense:
(music, lutherie) A shaped piece of wood, plastic, etc. attached to the body of a violin or viola to aid in the positioning of the player's chin against on the instrument.


lexentry: eng/chintz__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chintz
trans_list: chintz
sense:
A painted or stained calico fabric, originally produced in India, and known for its brightly colored designs.


lexentry: eng/chip_log__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chip log
trans_list: loch à plateau
sense:
(nautical) A simple device for measuring the speed of a vessel, consisting of a wooden board (drag) attached to a line on a reel.


lexentry: eng/chip_on_one's_shoulder__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: chip on one's shoulder
trans_list: complexe
sense:
(idiomatic) A habitually combative attitude, usually because of a harboured grievance, sense of inferiority, or having something to prove.


lexentry: eng/chipmunk__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chipmunk
trans_list: suisse | tamia
sense:
Any of the subtribe Tamiina of small, striped rodents; they are found in North America, with the exception of the Siberian chipmunk which is found primarily in Asia.


lexentry: eng/chipper__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chipper
trans_list: broyeur | hache-paille
sense:
(in particular, US) A machine that reduces organic matter to compost; depending on size, whole tree trunks are reduced to sawdust; a woodchipper.


lexentry: eng/chiral__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chiral
trans_list: chiral
sense:
(geometry, physical chemistry) that exhibits chirality; as in the left-handed and right-handed versions of a helix, or a molecule with L- and D- stereoisomers.


lexentry: eng/chirality__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chirality
trans_list: chiralité
sense:
The phenomenon, in chemistry, physics and mathematics, in which objects are mirror images of each other, but are otherwise identical; handedness.


lexentry: eng/chiropractic__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chiropractic
trans_list: chiropractie
sense:
(alternative medicine) A system of health care involving manipulation of the spinal column and other body structures, for the purpose of alleviating neuromusculoskeletal dysfunction.


lexentry: eng/chirp__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chirp
trans_list: gazouiller | piailler | pépier
sense:
(intransitive) To make a short, sharp, cheerful note, as of small birds or crickets; to chitter; to twitter.


lexentry: eng/chisel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chisel
trans_list: ciseau | burin
sense:
A cutting tool used to remove parts of stone, wood or metal by pushing or pounding the back when the sharp edge is against the material. It consists of a slim, oblong block of metal with a sharp wedge or bevel formed on one end and sometimes a handle at the other end; there are hand tool versions (the original type) and versions as bits for power tools.


lexentry: eng/chisel__Verb__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: chisel
trans_list: ciseler
sense:
(ambitransitive, informal) To beg or pressure somebody into giving up (something); to haggle excessively; to cheat; to obtain something from (someone) by cheating.


lexentry: eng/chit__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: chit
trans_list: piquer
sense:
(transitive, British, dialect) To initiate sprouting of tubers, such as potatoes, by placing them in special environment, before planting into the soil.


lexentry: eng/chitin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chitin
trans_list: chitine
sense:
(carbohydrate) A complex polysaccharide, a polymer of N-acetylglucosamine, found in the exoskeletons of arthropods and in the cell walls of fungi; thought to be responsible for some forms of asthma in humans.


lexentry: eng/chiton__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chiton
trans_list: chiton
sense:
Any of various rock-clinging marine molluscs of the class Polyplacophora, including the genus Chiton.


lexentry: eng/chivalry__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: chivalry
trans_list: chevalerie
sense:
The ethical code of the knight prevalent in Medieval Europe, having such primary virtues as mercy towards the poor and oppressed, humility, honour, sacrifice, fear of God, faithfulness, courage and courtesy to ladies.


lexentry: eng/chlamydia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chlamydia
trans_list: chlamydia
sense:
(uncountable) Any of several common, often asymptomatic, sexually transmitted diseases caused by the microorganism Chlamydia trachomatis.


lexentry: eng/chlamys__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chlamys
trans_list: chlamyde
sense:
(historical) A short poncho-like cloak caught up on the shoulder, worn by hunters, soldiers, and horsemen in Ancient Greece.


lexentry: eng/chloremia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chloremia
trans_list: chlorémie
sense:
(physiology, medicine) The presence of chloride in the bloodstream (which is always true, in some amount or other).


lexentry: eng/chloric_acid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chloric acid
trans_list: acide chlorique
sense:
(chemistry) a strong acid, HClO3, known only in solution and as its chlorate salts; a powerful oxidizing agent


lexentry: eng/chloride__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chloride
trans_list: chlorure
sense:
(chemistry) Any salt of hydrochloric acid, such as sodium chloride, or any binary compound of chlorine and another element or radical.


lexentry: eng/chlorinate__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chlorinate
trans_list: chlorer
sense:
(transitive, chemistry) To add chlorine to (something, especially water, to purify it; or an auriferous substance, to extract gold from it).


lexentry: eng/chlorite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chlorite
trans_list: chlorite
sense:
(mineral) A dark green mineral resembling serpentine, being a mixed silicate of magnesium, iron and aluminium.


lexentry: eng/chlorofluorocarbon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chlorofluorocarbon
trans_list: chlorofluorocarbure
sense:
(organic chemistry) Any of a class of organic compounds in which the hydrogen atoms of a hydrocarbon are replaced with those of chlorine and fluorine; formerly used as refrigerants and aerosol can propellants but withdrawn due to causing damage to the ozone layer.


lexentry: eng/chloroform__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chloroform
trans_list: chloroforme
sense:
(organic compound) A halogenated hydrocarbon, trichloromethane, CHCl3; it is a volatile, sweet-smelling liquid, used extensively as a solvent and formerly as an anesthetic.


lexentry: eng/chlorophyll__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chlorophyll
trans_list: chlorophylle
sense:
(biochemistry) Any of a group of green pigments that are found in the chloroplasts of plants and in other photosynthetic organisms such as cyanobacteria.


lexentry: eng/chloroplast__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chloroplast
trans_list: chloroplaste
sense:
(cytology) An organelle, found in the cells of green plants and in photosynthetic algae, where photosynthesis takes place, characterized by a high concentration of chlorophyll and two membranes.


lexentry: eng/chloroquine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chloroquine
trans_list: chloroquine
sense:
(pharmaceutical drug) A 4-aminoquinoline drug used to treat and prevent malaria, having the chemical formula C18H26ClN3.


lexentry: eng/chlorosis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chlorosis
trans_list: chlorose
sense:
(medicine, countable) An anaemia, due to deficiency of iron, characterized by a yellow-green coloration of the skin.


lexentry: eng/chlorous__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chlorous
trans_list: chloreux
sense:
(chemistry) Of a compound, containing chlorine with a lower oxidation number than equivalent chloric compounds; especially having an oxidation number of 3.


lexentry: eng/chlorpromazine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chlorpromazine
trans_list: chlorpromazine
sense:
(pharmaceutical drug) A synthetic drug used as a tranquillizer, sedative, and antiemetic. It is a phenothiazine derivative.


lexentry: eng/chock__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chock
trans_list: coinceur
sense:
Any object used as a wedge or filler, especially when placed behind a wheel to prevent it from rolling.


lexentry: eng/chock__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: chock
trans_list: remplissage | tin
sense:
(nautical) Any fitting or fixture used to restrict movement, especially movement of a line; traditionally was a fixture near a bulwark with two horns pointing towards each other, with a gap between where the line can be inserted.


lexentry: eng/chocolate__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: chocolate
trans_list: chocolat
sense:
(uncountable) A dark, reddish-brown colour/color, like that of chocolate (also called chocolate brown).


lexentry: eng/chocolate_bar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chocolate bar
trans_list: tablette de chocolat
sense:
A flat slab of chocolate, usually oblong in shape, which can be broken into smaller segments when being eaten, either solid or with a filling such as nuts or caramel.


lexentry: eng/chocolate_milk__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chocolate milk
trans_list: chocolat au lait
sense:
A sweetened cocoa-flavored drink, typically created by mixing chocolate syrup or chocolate powder with milk, and typically served cold.


lexentry: eng/chocolate_teacake__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chocolate teacake
trans_list: whippet | tête au choco | tête choco | tête de nègre
sense:
A confection consisting of a biscuit base topped with marshmallow-like filling and coated in a hard shell of chocolate.


lexentry: eng/choir__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: choir
trans_list: chœur
sense:
(architecture) Uncommon form of quire (“one quarter of a cruciform church, or the architectural area of a church used by the choir, often near the apse”).


lexentry: eng/choke__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: choke
trans_list: suffoquer | étouffer
sense:
(intransitive) To be unable to breathe because of obstruction of the windpipe (for instance food or other objects that go down the wrong way, or fumes or particles in the air that cause the throat to constrict).


lexentry: eng/choke_collar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: choke collar
trans_list: chaîne d’étranglement
sense:
A dog's collar which tightens itself so as to choke the dog, when it pulls the leash. Used especially for training. W


lexentry: eng/choke_off__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: choke off
trans_list: faire taire
sense:
(idiomatic, transitive) To stop (someone or something) in the execution of a purpose or task; to stop (someone) from doing something.


lexentry: eng/choke_pear__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: choke pear
trans_list: poire d'angoisse
sense:
A metal torture device to be inserted into the body, consisting of a usually pear-shaped piece divided into spoon-like segments that can be spread apart by turning a screw.


lexentry: eng/chokeberry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chokeberry
trans_list: aronie
sense:
Either of two species in Aronia, formerly and sometimes in Photinia, deciduous shrubs, native to Russia and eastern North America and most commonly found in wet woods and swamps.


lexentry: eng/chokehold__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chokehold
trans_list: clé de tête
sense:
(martial arts, wrestling) A grappling hold around the neck that cuts off the flow of air to the brain.


lexentry: eng/choker__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: choker
trans_list: ras-de-cou
sense:
(fashion) A piece of jewelry or ornamental fabric, worn as a necklace or neckerchief, tight to the throat.


lexentry: eng/cholera__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cholera
trans_list: choléra
sense:
(pathology) Any of several acute infectious diseases of humans and domestic animals, caused by certain strains of the Vibrio cholerae bacterium through ingestion of contaminated water or food, usually marked by severe gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea, abdominal cramps, nausea, vomiting, and dehydration.


lexentry: eng/choleric__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: choleric
trans_list: colérique
sense:
(humorism, historical) Having a temperament characterized by an excess of choler; easily becoming angry.


lexentry: eng/cholesteric__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cholesteric
trans_list: cholestérique
sense:
(physics) Of or relating to the chiral nematic phase of some liquid crystals in which the molecules are arranged in parallel planes with adjacent planes rotated slightly


lexentry: eng/cholesterol__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cholesterol
trans_list: cholestérol
sense:
(biochemistry) A sterol lipid synthesized by the liver and transported in the bloodstream to the membranes of all animal cells; it plays a central role in many biochemical processes and, as a lipoprotein that coats the walls of blood vessels, is associated with cardiovascular disease.


lexentry: eng/choline__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: choline
trans_list: choline
sense:
(organic compound) A hydroxy quaternary ammonium compound with formula (CH3)3N+CH2CH2OHX−. It is an essential nutrient for cardiovascular and brain health and for cell membrane formation.


lexentry: eng/cholinergic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cholinergic
trans_list: cholinergique
sense:
(biochemistry) Of, pertaining to, activated by, producing or having the same function as acetylcholine.


lexentry: eng/cholinesterase__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cholinesterase
trans_list: cholinestérase
sense:
(enzyme) An enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of choline-based esters (acetylcholine or butyrylcholine).


lexentry: eng/chop__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: chop
trans_list: égalité
sense:
(poker) A hand where two or more players have an equal-valued hand, resulting in the chips being shared equally between them.


lexentry: eng/chop_suey__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chop suey
trans_list: chop suey
sense:
(US, Philippines, AU) A stir-fried vegetable dish, served with pieces of beef or pork in a semi-thick sauce, and often soy sauce.


lexentry: eng/chop_suey__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: chop suey
trans_list: chop suey
sense:
(Canada, and, British) Steamed bean sprouts served in a semi-thick sauce, and mixed with a choice of meat and/or vegetables.


lexentry: eng/chopped_liver__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: chopped liver
trans_list: moins-que-rien
sense:
(idiomatic, humorous, informal) A person or object not worthy of being noticed; someone or something insignificant.


lexentry: eng/chopper__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: chopper
trans_list: hacheur
sense:
(electronics) Any of various electronic switches used to interrupt one signal under the control of another.


lexentry: eng/chopper__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: chopper
trans_list: galet aménagé
sense:
(archaeology) A crude tool with an irregular cutting edge formed by removing flakes from one side of a stone.


lexentry: eng/chopstick__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chopstick
trans_list: baguette
sense:
(usually, in the plural) An East Asian eating utensil usually used as a pair and held in one hand to grip pieces of food or occasionally to mix liquids or scoop up small pieces of food. The utensil is a stick, usually made of wood and measuring approximately 23cm (10 inches) in length.


lexentry: eng/chopstick_rest__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chopstick rest
trans_list: porte-baguettes | repose-baguettes
sense:
A small ornament on which a pair of chopsticks may be placed to prevent them from becoming contaminated or rolling off the table.


lexentry: eng/chord__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: chord
trans_list: corde
sense:
(rail) A section of subsidiary railway track that interconnects two primary tracks that cross at different levels, to permit traffic to flow between them.


lexentry: eng/chordae_tendineae__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chordae tendineae
trans_list: chordae tendineae | cordes tendineuses
sense:
(anatomy) The cord-like tendons that connect the papillary muscles to the tricuspid valve and the mitral valve in the heart.


lexentry: eng/chordate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chordate
trans_list: chordé
sense:
A member of the phylum Chordata; numerous animals having a notochord at some stage of their development; in vertebrates this develops into the spine.


lexentry: eng/chordophone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chordophone
trans_list: instrument à cordes
sense:
(musical instrument) Any musical instrument that produces sound from one or more vibrating strings; a string instrument.


lexentry: eng/chorea__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: chorea
trans_list: coréen
sense:
(pathology) Any of the various diseases of the nervous system characterized by involuntary muscular movements of the face and extremities; St. Vitus's dance.


lexentry: eng/choreography__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: choreography
trans_list: chorégraphie
sense:
(by extension, figurative) The art of creating and arranging any activities that involve social coordination or orchestration.


lexentry: eng/choreography__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: choreography
trans_list: chorégraphie
sense:
(uncountable) The art of creating, arranging and recording the dance movements of a work, such as a ballet.


lexentry: eng/chorion__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chorion
trans_list: chorion
sense:
(anatomy, biology) The protective and nutritive membrane in higher vertebrates that attaches the fetus to the uterus.


lexentry: eng/chorizo__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chorizo
trans_list: chorizo
sense:
A spicy Spanish sausage flavoured with paprika, often crumbled for use in filling tacos, quesadillas, etc.


lexentry: eng/chorus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chorus
trans_list: chœur | chœur antique
sense:
A group of singers and dancers in a theatrical performance or religious festival who commented on the main performance in speech or song.


lexentry: eng/chorus__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: chorus
trans_list: chœur | chorale
sense:
A group of singers performing together; a choir; specifically, such a group singing together in a musical, an opera, etc., as distinct from the soloists; an ensemble.


lexentry: eng/chosen_one__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chosen one
trans_list: l'élu | l'élue
sense:
(informal, authorship) A character in a narrative work who is predestined to save the world or accomplish some other grand and heroic deed; one who is predestined to become the one.


lexentry: eng/chough__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chough
trans_list: crave
sense:
Either of two species of bird of the genus Pyrrhocorax in the crow family Corvidae that breed mainly in high mountains and on coastal sea cliffs of Eurasia.


lexentry: eng/choux_pastry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: choux pastry
trans_list: pâte à choux
sense:
A type of light pastry (made just from butter, water, flour and eggs) that is used to make profiteroles, éclairs, chouquettes, etc.


lexentry: eng/chrism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chrism
trans_list: chrême
sense:
A mixture of oil and balm, consecrated for use as an anointing fluid in certain Christian ceremonies, especially confirmation.


lexentry: eng/chrismation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chrismation
trans_list: confirmation
sense:
(ecclesiastical) The sacrament of applying chrism to complete baptism in the Orthodox and Eastern Catholic churches.


lexentry: eng/chromakey__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chromakey
trans_list: incrustation
sense:
(television, cinema) The use of a particular color, usually either green or blue) as a key in a studio in order to allow one image to be seamlessly partially superimposed upon another.


lexentry: eng/chromatic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: chromatic
trans_list: chromatique
sense:
Relating to or using notes not belonging to the diatonic scale of the key in which a passage of music is written.


lexentry: eng/chromatic_aberration__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chromatic aberration
trans_list: aberration chromatique
sense:
(optics) An optical aberration in which an image has coloured fringes, caused by differential refraction of light of different wavelengths.


lexentry: eng/chromatin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chromatin
trans_list: chromatine
sense:
(biology) A complex of DNA, RNA and proteins within the cell nucleus out of which chromosomes condense during cell division.


lexentry: eng/chromatogram__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chromatogram
trans_list: chromatogramme
sense:
(analytical chemistry) The visual output from a chromatograph, usually a graphical display or histogram.


lexentry: eng/chromatography__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chromatography
trans_list: chromatographie
sense:
(analytical chemistry) Any of various techniques for the qualitative or quantitative separation of the components of mixtures of compounds; all characterized by the use of a mobile phase (gas or liquid) moving relative to a stationary phase (liquid or solid) – the differences between the rates of migration of the compounds between the two phases affect the separation.


lexentry: eng/chromium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chromium
trans_list: chrome
sense:
A chemical element (symbol Cr) with an atomic number of 24: a steely-grey, lustrous, hard and brittle transition metal.


lexentry: eng/chromosome__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chromosome
trans_list: chromosome
sense:
(cytology, genetics) A linear arrangement of condensed DNA and associated proteins (such as chaperone proteins) which contains the genetic material (genome) of an organism.


lexentry: eng/chromosphere__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chromosphere
trans_list: chromosphère
sense:
(star) The faint pink extension of a star's atmospheric envelope between the corona and the photosphere


lexentry: eng/chroneme__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chroneme
trans_list: chronème
sense:
A basic, theoretical unit of sound that can distinguish words by duration only of a vowel or consonant.


lexentry: eng/chronic_bronchitis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chronic bronchitis
trans_list: pousse
sense:
(diseases) One of the two entities making up chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), defined as having a productive cough for three months in each of two successive years in a patient in whom other causes of chronic cough have been excluded.


lexentry: eng/chronic_obstructive_pulmonary_disease__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
trans_list: bronchopneumopathie chronique obstructive | maladie pulmonaire obstructive chronique
sense:
(medicine, pulmonology, pathology) A type of progressive lung disease characterized by long-term respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation.


lexentry: eng/chronic_wasting_disease__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chronic wasting disease
trans_list: maladie débilitante chronique
sense:
(veterinary, pathology) A transmissible spongiform encephalopathy found in deer, typified by chronic weight loss leading to death.


lexentry: eng/chronobiology__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chronobiology
trans_list: chronobiologie
sense:
(biology) The study of the effects of time on biological systems, especially the effects of periodicity


lexentry: eng/chronogram__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chronogram
trans_list: chronogramme
sense:
A sentence or inscription whose letters, when interpreted according to a system (such as Roman numerals) in which letters correspond to numeric values, stand for a particular date (usually the date of inscription) when rearranged.


lexentry: eng/chronological__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: chronological
trans_list: chronologique
sense:
(films, shows, books, etc) Relating to the arrangement of events in the order in which they occur within a story, rather than the order in which they are released.


lexentry: eng/chronology__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: chronology
trans_list: chronologie
sense:
(countable) An arrangement of events into chronological order; called a timeline when involving graphical elements.


lexentry: eng/chronometric__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: chronometric
trans_list: chronométrique
sense:
Of or related to chronometry, the study of timekeeping and the creation and maintenance of timekeeping devices.


lexentry: eng/chrononormativity__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chrononormativity
trans_list: hétéronormativité
sense:
the use of time to organize individuals toward maximum productivity; for example, the appropriate time range to start working, have children, or to retire.


lexentry: eng/chronophotography__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chronophotography
trans_list: chronophotographie
sense:
(photography) An antique photographic technique from the Victorian era which captures movement in several frames of print.


lexentry: eng/chronospecies__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chronospecies
trans_list: chrono-espèce
sense:
A group of one or more species derived from a sequential development pattern which involves continual and uniform changes from an extinct ancestral form on an evolutionary scale.


lexentry: eng/chronostasis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chronostasis
trans_list: chronostase
sense:
(optics) A visual illusion in which a regular movement seems to pause the first time it is observed.


lexentry: eng/chrysalis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chrysalis
trans_list: chrysalide
sense:
The pupa of a butterfly or moth, particularly bare and hanging or girdled, as opposed to enclosed in a cocoon, in which metamorphosis takes place.


lexentry: eng/chrysanthemum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chrysanthemum
trans_list: chrysanthème
sense:
Any of many flowering perennial plants, of the genus Chrysanthemum, native to China, that have showy radiate heads.


lexentry: eng/chrysoberyl__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chrysoberyl
trans_list: chrysobéryl
sense:
(mineral) A vitreous mineral, often pale green, a mixed oxide of aluminium and beryllium with the chemical formula BeAl2O4, used as a gemstone.


lexentry: eng/chrysotile__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chrysotile
trans_list: chrysotile
sense:
(mineral) A fibrous silicate mineral with the chemical formula Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4; a form of serpentine asbestos.


lexentry: eng/chuchotage__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chuchotage
trans_list: chuchotage
sense:
The interpretation or translation of speech in a whisper to a single person in proximity to other people.


lexentry: eng/chuck__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: chuck
trans_list: mandrin
sense:
(mechanical engineering) A mechanical device that holds an object firmly in place, for example holding a drill bit in a high-speed rotating drill or grinder.


lexentry: eng/chuck_up__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: chuck up
trans_list: vomir
sense:
(dated, transitive and intransitive) To chuck up the sponge; to give up; to admit defeat; to break a contract; to abandon or quit (something).


lexentry: eng/chufa__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chufa
trans_list: souchet
sense:
Cyperus esculentus, a species of sedge native to warm temperate to subtropical regions of the Northern Hemisphere having small edible tubers (tiger nuts).


lexentry: eng/chug__Verb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: chug
trans_list: boire cul sec | caler
sense:
(transitive, colloquial) To drink a large amount (especially of beer) in a single action/without breathing; to chugalug. Usually chanted at the person who is drinking.


lexentry: eng/chunder__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chunder
trans_list: vomir
sense:
(Australia, New Zealand, Britain, slang) To throw up, to vomit, particularly from excessive alcohol consumption.


lexentry: eng/chunk__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: chunk
trans_list: fragment
sense:
(computing) A discrete segment of a file, stream, etc. (especially one that represents audiovisual media); a block.


lexentry: eng/chupacabras__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chupacabras
trans_list: chupacabra
sense:
(cryptozoology) A legendary creature in the folklore of parts of the Americas dating from the 1990s, supposed to attack and drink the blood of livestock, especially goats.


lexentry: eng/church__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: church
trans_list: église
sense:
(countable, Christianity) A Christian house of worship; a building where Christian religious services take place. [from 9th c.]


lexentry: eng/church__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: church
trans_list: église
sense:
(countable) A local group of people who follow the same Christian religious beliefs, local or general. [from 9th c.]


lexentry: eng/church__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: church
trans_list: église | Église
sense:
(uncountable) Organized religion in general or a specific religion considered as a political institution.


lexentry: eng/church_bell__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: church bell
trans_list: cloche
sense:
A bell belonging to a church, usually housed in a tower or steeple, customarily rung before church services or for other occasions such as weddings.


lexentry: eng/church_service__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: church service
trans_list: office religieux
sense:
A formalized period of communal worship, often but not exclusively occurring on Sunday, or Saturday in the case of those churches practicing Sabbatarianism.


lexentry: eng/churchwarden's_pew__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: churchwarden's pew
trans_list: banc d'œuvre
sense:
A type of church pew, typically on the west side, originally reserved for the churchwarden, and often decorated or engraved.


lexentry: eng/churn__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: churn
trans_list: baratter
sense:
(transitive) To agitate rapidly and repetitively, or to stir with a rowing or rocking motion; generally applies to liquids, notably cream.


lexentry: eng/churn__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: churn
trans_list: agiter
sense:
(transitive, figuratively) To produce excessive and sometimes undesirable or unproductive activity or motion.


lexentry: eng/chutney__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chutney
trans_list: chutney
sense:
A sweet or savory but usually spicy condiment, originally from eastern India, made from a variety of fruits and/or vegetables, often containing significant amounts of fresh green or dried red chili peppers. [from 1813]


lexentry: eng/chutzpah__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chutzpah
trans_list: culot | audace | toupet
sense:
(informal) Nearly arrogant courage; utter audacity, effrontery or impudence; supreme self-confidence; exaggerated self-opinion.


lexentry: eng/chytridiomycosis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chytridiomycosis
trans_list: chytridiomycose
sense:
An infectious disease of amphibians caused by Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (amphibian chytrid fungus) or (chiefly in salamanders and newts) by Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans.


lexentry: eng/cicada__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cicada
trans_list: cigale
sense:
Any of several insects in the superfamily Cicadoidea, with small eyes wide apart on the head and transparent well-veined wings.


lexentry: eng/cicero__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cicero
trans_list: Saint-Augustin | cicéro
sense:
(typography, Continental, _, printing) The Continental equivalent of the English pica: a measure of 12 Didot points (4.51368 mm or about 0.178 in.) or a body of type in this size.


lexentry: eng/cicerone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cicerone
trans_list: cicérone
sense:
A guide who accompanies visitors and sightseers to museums, galleries, etc., and explains matters of archaeological, antiquarian, historic or artistic interest.


lexentry: eng/cicisbeo__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cicisbeo
trans_list: sigisbée | cavalier servant | chevalier servant | cicisbée
sense:
(now, chiefly, historical) A man who escorts a married woman to social functions, especially in 18th-century Italy; a married woman's lover.


lexentry: eng/cider__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cider
trans_list: cidre
sense:
(US, Canada) A non-alcoholic still beverage consisting of the juice of early-harvest apples, usually unfiltered and still containing pulp; apple cider; sweet cider (without pulp such a beverage is called apple juice).


lexentry: eng/cigar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cigar
trans_list: cigare
sense:
A cylinder of tobacco rolled and wrapped with an outer covering of tobacco leaves, intended to be smoked.


lexentry: eng/cigarette__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cigarette
trans_list: cigarette
sense:
A small cigar consisting of tobacco or another substance, wrapped up in a thin roll with paper, intended for smoking.


lexentry: eng/cilantro__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cilantro
trans_list: coriandre
sense:
(US) The stems and leaves of the coriander plant, Coriandrum sativum, used as a seasoning and garnish in cooking.


lexentry: eng/cilice__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cilice
trans_list: cilice
sense:
A garment or undergarment made of coarse cloth or animal hair worn close to the skin used by members of various Christian traditions as a self-imposed means of penance (repentance) and mortification of the flesh.


lexentry: eng/cilium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cilium
trans_list: cil
sense:
(cytology) A short microscopic hairlike organelle projecting from a eukaryotic cell (such as a unicellular organism or one cell of a multicelled organism) which serve either for propulsion by causing currents in the surrounding fluid or as sensors.


lexentry: eng/cinchona__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cinchona
trans_list: quinquina
sense:
A tree or shrub of the genus Cinchona, native to the Andes in South America but since widely cultivated in Indonesia and India as well for its medicinal bark.


lexentry: eng/cinder__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cinder
trans_list: cendre
sense:
Partially or mostly burnt material that results from incomplete combustion of coal or wood etc.; it often rides the rising smoke column into the air, and it can pose a fire hazard when it lands, in dry conditions


lexentry: eng/cinematographer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cinematographer
sense:
(cinematography) A photographer who oversees the operations of the cameras and lighting when making a film. The cinematographer may also double as the camera operator of the movie camera, though this is usually done by a cameraman. The film director may also double as the cinematographer, though this is usually a different person.

trans_list:
chef opérateur | cheffe opératrice | directeur de la photographie | directeur photo | directrice de la photographie | directrice photo


lexentry: eng/cingulate_gyrus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cingulate gyrus
trans_list: gyrus cingulaire
sense:
(neuroanatomy) A section of the cerebral cortex, belonging to the fornicate gyrus, which arches over the corpus callosum.


lexentry: eng/cingulotomy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cingulotomy
trans_list: cingulotomie
sense:
(surgery) A form of brain surgery in which an electric current is used to destroy the cortex of the cingulate gyrus and part of the corpus callosum.


lexentry: eng/cinnabar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cinnabar
trans_list: cinabre
sense:
A deep red mineral, mercuric sulfide, HgS; the principal ore of mercury; such ore used as the pigment vermilion.


lexentry: eng/cinnamic_acid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cinnamic acid
trans_list: acide cinnamique
sense:
(carboxylic acid) The aromatic carboxylic acid C6H5-CH=CH-COOH obtained from cinnamon; it is used in perfumery etc


lexentry: eng/cinnamon__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cinnamon
trans_list: cannelier | cannelle
sense:
Several related trees, notably the Indonesian cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmanni) and Chinese cinnamon or cassia (Cinnamomum aromaticum or Cinnamomum cassia).


lexentry: eng/cinnamon__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: cinnamon
trans_list: cannelle | cannelier
sense:
(mostly, uncountable) A spice from the dried aromatic bark of the cinnamon tree, either rolled into strips or ground into a powder. The word is commonly used as trade name for spices made of any of the species above.


lexentry: eng/cinéma_vérité__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cinéma vérité
trans_list: cinéma direct
sense:
(cinema) A style of cinema that appears to be realistic, showing ordinary people in ordinary situations speaking and acting naturally.


lexentry: eng/circadian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: circadian
trans_list: circadien
sense:
(biology) Of, relating to, or showing rhythmic behaviour with a period of 24 hours; especially of a biological process.


lexentry: eng/circadian_rhythm__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: circadian rhythm
trans_list: rythme circadien
sense:
(biology, sleep medicine) The internal body clock that regulates the roughly 24-hour cycle of biological processes in animals and plants.


lexentry: eng/circle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: circle
trans_list: cercle
sense:
(geometry) A two-dimensional geometric figure, a line, consisting of the set of all those points in a plane that are equally distant from a given point (center).


lexentry: eng/circle__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: circle
trans_list: cercle
sense:
(colloquial) A two-dimensional geometric figure, a disk, consisting of the set of all those points of a plane at a distance less than or equal to a fixed distance (radius) from a given point.


lexentry: eng/circle__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: circle
trans_list: cercle
sense:
(Wicca) A ritual circle that is cast three times deosil and closes three times widdershins either in the air with a wand or literally with stones or other items used for worship.


lexentry: eng/circle__Noun__1
sense_num: 10
written_rep: circle
trans_list: cercle
sense:
(astronomy) An instrument of observation, whose graduated limb consists of an entire circle. When fixed to a wall in an observatory, it is called a mural circle; when mounted with a telescope on an axis and in Y's, in the plane of the meridian, a meridian or transit circle; when involving the principle of reflection, like the sextant, a reflecting circle; and when that of repeating an angle several times continuously along the graduated limb, a repeating circle.


lexentry: eng/circlip__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: circlip
trans_list: circlip
sense:
A type of fastener consisting of a flexible metal ring of spring steel with open ends which can be snapped into place. Internal and external forms exist.


lexentry: eng/circuit_board__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: circuit board
trans_list: circuit imprimé
sense:
(electronics, computer hardware) A board on which electronic components and their interconnecting circuits are mounted or etched.


lexentry: eng/circuit_breaker__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: circuit breaker
trans_list: disjoncteur
sense:
(electricity) An electrical switch capable of opening and closing an electrical circuit in all operating conditions, including fault situations.


lexentry: eng/circular_argument__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: circular argument
trans_list: raisonnement circulaire
sense:
(philosophy, logic) An argument which commits the logical fallacy of assuming what it is attempting to prove.


lexentry: eng/circular_breathing__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: circular breathing
trans_list: respiration circulaire
sense:
A particular breathing technique: it involves inhaling via the nose while pushing air, that was stored in the cheeks, out through the lips, so allows for continuous playing of a wind instrument.


lexentry: eng/circular_economy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: circular economy
trans_list: économie circulaire
sense:
(economics) An industrial economy that aims to reduce waste and pollution by means of reuse, recycling, etc.


lexentry: eng/circular_segment__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: circular segment
trans_list: segment circulaire
sense:
(geometry) A region of a circle bounded by an arc and the chord connecting the endpoints of the arc.


lexentry: eng/circulation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: circulation
trans_list: circulation
sense:
The act of moving in a circle, or in a course which brings the moving body to the place where its motion began.


lexentry: eng/circulation__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: circulation
trans_list: circulation
sense:
(narrowly) The movement of the blood in the circulatory system, by which it is brought into close relations with the cells and tissues of the body; (loosely) the circulatory system.


lexentry: eng/circulatory_system__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: circulatory system
trans_list: circulation sanguine
sense:
(physiology) The parts of an animal body comprising the heart, blood vessels (arteries, veins, and capillaries), and blood, which circulate the blood around the body. [from mid 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/circumbinary__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: circumbinary
trans_list: circumbinaire
sense:
(astronomy) Having an orbit around both stars in a binary star system, or relating to such an orbit.


lexentry: eng/circumcircle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: circumcircle
trans_list: cercle circonscrit
sense:
(geometry) A circle that passes through every vertex of a given triangle (or other polygon where possible).


lexentry: eng/circumcise__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: circumcise
trans_list: circoncire
sense:
(sometimes, _, proscribed) To surgically remove the clitoris (clitoridectomy), clitoral hood, or labia.


lexentry: eng/circumcise__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: circumcise
trans_list: circoncire
sense:
(military, nautical, slang) To trim off the portion of the barrel liner of a large-caliber naval gun that protrudes from the end of the barrel as a result of the liner slowly stretching from prolonged fire.


lexentry: eng/circumfix__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: circumfix
trans_list: circonfixe
sense:
(grammar) An affix containing both a prefixing and a suffixing element existing as a single morphological unit.


lexentry: eng/circumflex__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: circumflex
trans_list: accent circonflexe | circonflexe
sense:
A diacritical mark (ˆ) placed over a vowel in the orthography or transliteration of many languages to change its pronunciation; while in some other languages over a consonant.


lexentry: eng/circumscribe__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: circumscribe
trans_list: circonscrire
sense:
(geometry) To draw the smallest circle or higher-dimensional sphere that has (a polyhedron, polygon, etc.) in its interior.


lexentry: eng/circumscription__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: circumscription
trans_list: circonscription
sense:
(taxonomy) The definition of what does and does not belong to a given taxon, from a particular taxonomic viewpoint or taxonomic system.


lexentry: eng/circumstantial__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: circumstantial
trans_list: circonstanciel
sense:
Pertaining to or dependent on circumstances, especially as opposed to essentials; incidental, not essential.


lexentry: eng/circumstantial__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: circumstantial
trans_list: indice
sense:
(law) Involving evidence that relies on inference to connect it to a conclusion of fact, thus, suggesting guilt but not directly proving it.


lexentry: eng/circus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: circus
trans_list: cirque
sense:
A traveling company of performers that may include acrobats, clowns, trained animals, and other novelty acts, that gives shows usually in a circular tent. [from late 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/cirl_bunting__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cirl bunting
trans_list: bruant zizi
sense:
A small Old World passerine bird, Emberiza cirlus, of the bunting family (Emberizidae), very similar to the yellowhammer.


lexentry: eng/cirque__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cirque
trans_list: cirque
sense:
(geology) A curved depression or natural amphitheatre, especially one in a mountainside at the end of a valley.


lexentry: eng/cirrhosis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cirrhosis
trans_list: cirrhose
sense:
(pathology) A chronic disease of the liver caused by damage from toxins (including alcohol), metabolic problems, hepatitis, or nutritional deprivation, characterised by an increase in fibrous tissue and the destruction of liver cells.


lexentry: eng/cirrocumulus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cirrocumulus
trans_list: cirrocumulus
sense:
(physics, meteorology) A principal high-level cloud type appearing as a thin, white patch of cloud without shadows, composed of very small droplets in the form of grains or ripples. The elements may be merged or separate, and more or less regularly arranged; they subtend an angle of less than 1° when observed at an angle of more than 30° above the horizon. Holes or rifts often occur in a sheet of cirrocumulus. Abbreviated Cc.


lexentry: eng/cirrostratus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cirrostratus
trans_list: cirrostratus
sense:
(meteorology) A principal high-level cloud type appearing as a whitish veil, usually fibrous but sometimes smooth, which may totally cover the sky and which often produces halo phenomena. Abbreviated Cs


lexentry: eng/cirrus__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: cirrus
trans_list: cirrus
sense:
(meteorology) A principal high-level cloud type, typically composed of thin, delicate, white filaments, wisps, or narrow bands.


lexentry: eng/cis-__Prefix__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cis-
trans_list: cis-
sense:
(physical chemistry) Forming names of chemical compounds in which two atoms or groups are situated on the same side of some plane of symmetry passing through the compound.


lexentry: eng/cis__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: cis
trans_list: cis
sense:
(physical chemistry) In (or constituting, forming, or describing) a double bond in which the greater radical on both ends is on the same side of the bond.


lexentry: eng/cis__Adjective__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: cis
trans_list: cis
sense:
(physical chemistry) In (or constituting, forming, or describing) a coordination compound in which the two instances of a particular ligand are adjacent to each other.


lexentry: eng/cisgender__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cisgender
trans_list: cisgenre | cissexuel
sense:
Having a gender identity which matches the sex one was assigned at birth; or, pertaining to such people.


lexentry: eng/cissoid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cissoid
trans_list: cissoïde
sense:
(geometry) Any of a family of curves defined as the locus of a point, P, on a line from a given fixed point and intersecting two given curves, C1 and C2, where the distance along the line from C1 to P remains constant and equal to the distance from P to C2.


lexentry: eng/citation__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: citation
trans_list: citation
sense:
The act of citing a passage from a text, or from another person, using the exact words of the original text or speech and giving credit to the original by referencing.


lexentry: eng/citation_needed__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: citation needed
trans_list: refnec | référence nécessaire
sense:
(originally, Internet slang, chiefly, humorous) Used to designate an assertion or other statement as false, inaccurate, or requiring verification.


lexentry: eng/citizen__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: citizen
trans_list: citoyen | citoyenne
sense:
A legally recognized member of a state, with associated rights and obligations; a person considered in terms of this role. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/citizen__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: citizen
trans_list: citoyen | citoyenne | habitant | habitante | civil | civile
sense:
(Christianity) A resident of the heavenly city or (later) of the kingdom of God: a Christian; a good Christian. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/citizen_journalism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: citizen journalism
trans_list: journalisme citoyen
sense:
(media) A form of independent reporting, often carried out by amateurs who are on the scene of an event, and is then disseminated by new media.


lexentry: eng/citizen_of_the_world__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: citizen of the world
trans_list: citoyen du monde | citoyenne du monde
sense:
A person regarded as part of the global citizenry; specifically, one who takes the view that they belong to no particular country or state.


lexentry: eng/citizen_science__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: citizen science
trans_list: science citoyenne
sense:
(science) Scientific research done, in whole or in part, by amateur (or nonprofessional) scientists. [from 1990s]


lexentry: eng/citric_acid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: citric acid
trans_list: acide citrique
sense:
(carboxylic acid) A colourless crystalline compound, 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid, C6H8O7, found in citrus fruit; it is used as a food additive and in the manufacture of citrates.


lexentry: eng/cittern__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cittern
trans_list: cistre
sense:
A stringed instrument (chordophone), played with a plectrum (a pick), and most commonly possessing four wire strings and chromatic frets, which is a precursor to the modern day guitar.


lexentry: eng/city__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: city
trans_list: ville | cité | grande-ville
sense:
A large settlement, bigger than a town; sometimes with a specific legal definition, depending on the place.


lexentry: eng/city__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: city
trans_list: ville | cité | grande-ville
sense:
(UK, historical, _, in, _, Ireland, and) A settlement granted special status by royal charter or letters patent; traditionally, a settlement with a cathedral regardless of size.


lexentry: eng/city_council__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: city council
trans_list: conseil municipal
sense:
A governing body of people elected to oversee management of a city and represent the interests of residents.


lexentry: eng/city_wall__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: city wall
trans_list: rempart
sense:
(usually, in plural) A wall around a city, built to define the city's boundaries, and sometimes to protect it from aggressors.


lexentry: eng/civet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: civet
trans_list: civette
sense:
Any of the small carnivorous catlike mammals encompassing certain species from the families Viverridae, Eupleridae, and Nandiniidae, native to tropical Africa and Asia.


lexentry: eng/civil__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: civil
trans_list: civil
sense:
(uncomparable) Having to do with people and government office as opposed to the military or religion.


lexentry: eng/civil_code__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: civil code
trans_list: code civil
sense:
(legal) A systematic collection of laws addressing dealings between private parties, such as business contracts and negligence lawsuits.


lexentry: eng/civil_disobedience__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: civil disobedience
trans_list: désobéissance civile
sense:
A form of social protest, involving the active but non-violent refusal to obey certain laws, demands, or commands of an established authority, because they are considered to be morally wrong or detrimental.


lexentry: eng/civil_engineering__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: civil engineering
trans_list: génie civil
sense:
The technical design and construction of public works such as bridges, buildings, harbours, public greens, roads, etc., and/or technically equivalent private (usually corporate) ones.


lexentry: eng/civil_law__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: civil law
trans_list: droit civil | droit romano-civiliste | droit romano-germanique
sense:
(law) The body of law dealing with the private relations between members of a community; it contrasts with criminal law, military law and ecclesiastical law.


lexentry: eng/civil_law__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: civil law
trans_list: droit romano-civiliste | droit romano-germanique
sense:
(law) Legal system primarily based on a legal code, which commonly derive from the Corpus Juris Civilis; it contrasts with common law.


lexentry: eng/civil_partnership__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: civil partnership
trans_list: PACS | partenariat civil | partenariat enregistré
sense:
A union similar to marriage which same-sex couples, and in some jurisdictions opposite-sex couples, may form, which affords rights and responsibilities similar or identical to those afforded by civil marriage.


lexentry: eng/civil_registry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: civil registry
trans_list: registre d'état civil | état civil
sense:
A government repository, database recording the vital events (births, deaths, etc.) of its citizens and residents, its office.


lexentry: eng/civil_rights__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: civil rights
trans_list: droits civiques
sense:
(US) Those rights which are guaranteed protection by the US Constitution and are considered to be unquestionable, deserved by all people under all circumstances, especially without regard to race, creed, religion, sexual orientation, gender, and disability.


lexentry: eng/civil_service__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: civil service
trans_list: fonction publique | services publics
sense:
The body of civilian employees of any level of government, not subject to political appointment and removal, normally hired and promoted largely on the basis of competitive examination.


lexentry: eng/civil_society__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: civil society
trans_list: société civile
sense:
All of the institutions, voluntary organizations and corporate bodies that are less than the state but greater than the family. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/civil_union__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: civil union
trans_list: pacte civil de solidarité | partenariat enregistré | union civile
sense:
A legal union similar to marriage, established to allow same-sex couples (and, in some jurisdictions, opposite-sex couples) rights similar to those married couples have.


lexentry: eng/civil_war__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: civil war
trans_list: guerre civile | guerre intestine
sense:
A war fought between factions of the inhabitants of a single country, or a similar political entity.


lexentry: eng/civilian__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: civilian
trans_list: civil | civile
sense:
A person following the pursuits of civil life, especially one who is not an active member of the armed forces.


lexentry: eng/civilian__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: civilian
trans_list: civil | civile
sense:
(informal) A person who does not belong to a particular group or engage in a particular activity, an outsider.


lexentry: eng/civilization__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: civilization
trans_list: civilisation
sense:
An organized culture encompassing many communities, often on the scale of a nation or a people; a stage or system of social, political, or technical development.


lexentry: eng/clack__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clack
trans_list: fracas
sense:
An abrupt, sharp sound, especially one made by two hard objects colliding repetitively; a sound midway between a click and a clunk.


lexentry: eng/clad__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clad
trans_list: habillé | vêtu
sense:
(of a person, preceded by a garment type) Wearing clothing or some other covering (for example, an armour) on the body; clothed, dressed.


lexentry: eng/clad__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: clad
trans_list: revêtu
sense:
(of an object, often in compounds) Covered, enveloped in, or surrounded by a cladding, or a specified material or substance.


lexentry: eng/clad__Verb__2
sense_num: 02
written_rep: clad
trans_list: couvrir
sense:
(past tense clad or cladded) To cover with a cladding or another material (for example, insulation).


lexentry: eng/cladding__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: cladding
trans_list: revêtement
sense:
(construction) A weatherproof, insulating or decorative covering fixed to the outside of a building.


lexentry: eng/claim__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: claim
trans_list: affirmation
sense:
A new statement of something one believes to be the truth, usually when the statement has yet to be verified or without valid evidence provided.


lexentry: eng/clairvoyance__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clairvoyance
trans_list: clairvoyance
sense:
(parapsychology) The power to see or perceive things objects or events beyond the natural range of the senses, such as the past or the future.


lexentry: eng/clam__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clam
trans_list: palourde | praire
sense:
A bivalve mollusk of many kinds, especially those that are edible; for example soft-shell clams (Mya arenaria), hard clams (Mercenaria mercenaria), sea clams or hen clams (Spisula solidissima), and other species, possibly originally applied to clams of species Tridacna gigas, a huge East Indian bivalve.


lexentry: eng/clamp__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: clamp
trans_list: serre-joint
sense:
A pile of materials to be heated in a controlled way, stacked or heaped together with fuel so that the fire permeates the pile; the material of interest may be bricks to be fired, ore for roasting, coal for coking, or wood to be charcoalized.


lexentry: eng/clamp_down_on__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clamp down on
trans_list: faire cesser | lutter contre | mettre un terme
sense:
(transitive, idiomatic) To take measures to stop (something); to put an end to (something); to exert tighter control of (something); to treat (someone or something) more harshly.


lexentry: eng/clan__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: clan
trans_list: clan
sense:
A traditional social group of families in the Scottish Highlands having a common hereditary chieftain.


lexentry: eng/clanger__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: clanger
trans_list: couac
sense:
(chiefly, UK, Commonwealth, Ireland, informal, often in the phrase drop a clanger) A very noticeable mistake; an attention-getting faux pas.


lexentry: eng/clapboard__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clapboard
trans_list: bardeau
sense:
A narrow board, usually thicker at one edge than the other, used as siding for houses and similar structures of frame construction.


lexentry: eng/clapometer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clapometer
trans_list: applaudimètre
sense:
An audience-reaction monitor used to give a visual interpretation of applause; once used on some television game shows.


lexentry: eng/clapper__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: clapper
trans_list: battant | batail
sense:
An object so suspended inside a bell that it may hit the bell and cause it to ring; a clanger or tongue.


lexentry: eng/clapperboard__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clapperboard
trans_list: clap | claquette
sense:
(film) A device used in film production, having hinged boards that are brought together with a clap, used at the start of each take of a motion picture or other video production to be able to synchronize picture and sound during editing.


lexentry: eng/claret__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: claret
trans_list: bordeaux | bordeaux-clairet | clairet
sense:
(chiefly, UK) A dry red wine produced in the Bordeaux region of France, or a similar wine made elsewhere.


lexentry: eng/clarification__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clarification
trans_list: clarification
sense:
The act of clarifying; the act or process of making clear or transparent by freeing visible impurities; particularly, the clearing or fining of liquid substances from impurities via the separation of the insoluble particles which prevent the liquid from being transparent.


lexentry: eng/clarify__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clarify
trans_list: clarifier
sense:
(ergative, of liquids, such as wine or syrup) To make or become clear or bright by freeing from impurities or turbidity.


lexentry: eng/clarify__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: clarify
trans_list: clarifier
sense:
(by extension) To make or become clear or easily understood; to explain or resolve in order to remove doubt or obscurity.


lexentry: eng/clarinet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clarinet
trans_list: clarinette
sense:
(woodwind instrument) A woodwind musical instrument that has a distinctive liquid tone whose characteristics vary among its three registers: chalumeau (low), clarion (medium), and altissimo (high).


lexentry: eng/clarion__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clarion
trans_list: clairon
sense:
(brass instrument, historical, or, poetic) A medieval brass instrument chiefly used as a battle signal; related to the trumpet, it had a narrow, straight pipe and a high-pitched, piercing sound.


lexentry: eng/clash__Verb__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: clash
trans_list: s'affronter
sense:
(intransitive, of clothes, decor, colours) To fail to look good together; to contrast unattractively; to fail to harmonize.


lexentry: eng/clasp__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clasp
trans_list: fermoir
sense:
(countable) A device with interlocking parts used for fastening things together, such as a fastener or a holder.


lexentry: eng/class__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: class
trans_list: classe
sense:
(sociology, countable) A social grouping, based on job, wealth, etc. In Britain, society is commonly split into three main classes: upper class, middle class and working class.


lexentry: eng/class__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: class
trans_list: classe
sense:
(education, countable, and, uncountable) A group of students in a regularly scheduled meeting with a teacher.


lexentry: eng/class__Noun__1
sense_num: 08
written_rep: class
trans_list: promotion | classe
sense:
(countable) A group of students who commenced or completed their education during a particular year. A school class.


lexentry: eng/class__Noun__1
sense_num: 10
written_rep: class
trans_list: classe
sense:
(taxonomy, countable) A rank in the classification of organisms, below phylum and above order; a taxon of that rank.


lexentry: eng/class__Noun__1
sense_num: 13
written_rep: class
trans_list: classe
sense:
(set theory) A collection of sets definable by a shared property, especially one which is not itself a set (in which case the class is called proper).


lexentry: eng/class__Noun__1
sense_num: 15
written_rep: class
trans_list: classe
sense:
(object-oriented, countable) A set of objects having the same behavior (but typically differing in state), or a template defining such a set in terms of its common properties, functions, etc.


lexentry: eng/class_action__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: class action
trans_list: action collective | recours collectif | action de groupe
sense:
(law, chiefly, US, Canada) A lawsuit brought by a single plaintiff or small group of plaintiffs as a representative of a large group of others having a common interest, with everyone in the large group eligible to receive damages if the plaintiff is successful.


lexentry: eng/class_consciousness__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: class consciousness
trans_list: conscience de classe
sense:
(Marxism, social sciences) An individual's awareness of their relative place within the class system of society.


lexentry: eng/class_struggle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: class struggle
trans_list: lutte des classes
sense:
Conflict between social or economic classes (especially between the capitalist and proletariat classes); the active expression of a theoretical class conflict looked at from any kind of socialist perspective.


lexentry: eng/classical__Adjective__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: classical
trans_list: classique
sense:
(informal, music) Describing art music (rather than pop, jazz, blues, etc), especially when played using instruments of the orchestra.


lexentry: eng/classical__Adjective__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: classical
trans_list: classique
sense:
Of or pertaining to the ancient Greeks and Romans, especially to Greek or Roman authors of the highest rank, or of the period when their best literature was produced; of or pertaining to places inhabited by the ancient Greeks and Romans, or rendered famous by their deeds.


lexentry: eng/classical_antiquity__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: classical antiquity
trans_list: Antiquité classique
sense:
(history) The era of the height of Greco-Roman civilization in southern Europe, roughly comprising the 6th century BC to the 5th century (AD), although sometimes distinguished from Late Antiquity


lexentry: eng/classical_conditioning__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: classical conditioning
trans_list: conditionnement classique | conditionnement pavlovien
sense:
(psychology) A learning process in which a previously neutral stimulus (such as a bell) is paired with a potent stimulus (such as food in the case of a dog), so that the neutral stimulus comes to elicit a conditioned response (salivation) similar to the one elicited by the potent stimulus.


lexentry: eng/classical_guitar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: classical guitar
trans_list: guitare classique
sense:
A type of flat-tabled guitar of Spanish origin used primarily for Western classical music, flamenco, and Latin American music, with six nylon (formerly gut) strings, usually played with the fingers rather than with a plectrum.


lexentry: eng/classical_language__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: classical language
trans_list: langue classique
sense:
(literature, linguistics) An ancient language that has an independent tradition that arose mostly on its own, and has a large and rich body of ancient literature.


lexentry: eng/classical_mechanics__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: classical mechanics
trans_list: mécanique classique
sense:
(physics) All of the physical laws of nature that account for the behaviour of the normal world, but break down when dealing with the very small (see quantum mechanics) or the very fast or very heavy (see relativity).


lexentry: eng/classical_music__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: classical music
trans_list: classique | musique classique | musique savante
sense:
(music genre) Music of the classical period; the music of Mozart, Haydn, etc; the musical period before the romantic.


lexentry: eng/classical_studies__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: classical studies
trans_list: lettres classiques
sense:
The study of Ancient Greek and Latin, their literature, history, etc., sometimes inclusive of the study of the ancient Mediterranean generally.


lexentry: eng/classicism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: classicism
trans_list: classicisme
sense:
(uncountable) All the classical traditions of the art and architecture of ancient Greece and Rome, especially the aspects of simplicity, elegance and proportion.


lexentry: eng/classification__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: classification
trans_list: classification
sense:
The act of forming into a class or classes; a distribution into groups, as classes, orders, families, etc., according to some common relations or attributes.


lexentry: eng/classified__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: classified
trans_list: confidentiel
sense:
Formally assigned by a government to one of several levels of sensitivity, usually (in English) top secret, secret, confidential, and, in some countries, restricted; thereby making disclosure to unauthorized persons illegal.


lexentry: eng/classified_advertisement__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: classified advertisement
trans_list: petite annonce
sense:
Any of a list of newspaper or website advertisements included with others under a heading describing the category of product or service offered or sought.


lexentry: eng/classifier__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: classifier
trans_list: classifieur
sense:
(linguistics) A word or morpheme used in some languages (such as CJKV languages and American Sign Language), in certain contexts (such as counting), to indicate the semantic class to which something belongs.


lexentry: eng/classism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: classism
trans_list: classisme
sense:
Discrimination or prejudice that is based on social class, especially against those of lower social class.


lexentry: eng/classpath__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: classpath
trans_list: classpath
sense:
(Java programming language) The path on a file system where the Java virtual machine should look for user-defined classes and packages when running Java programs.


lexentry: eng/clathrate_compound__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clathrate compound
trans_list: clathrate
sense:
(chemistry) a substance consisting of molecules of one element or compound contained within the cage-like structure of another


lexentry: eng/clause__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clause
trans_list: proposition
sense:
(grammar) A group of words that contains a subject and a verb; it may be part of a sentence or may constitute the whole sentence, depending on the syntax in each instance.


lexentry: eng/clause__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: clause
trans_list: proposition
sense:
(grammar) A verb along with its subject and their modifiers. If a clause provides a complete thought on its own, then it is an independent (superordinate) clause; otherwise, it is dependent (subordinate). (Independent clauses can be sentences; they can also be part of a sentence. Dependent clauses can only be part of a sentence.)


lexentry: eng/claves__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: claves
trans_list: bâtons de rythme
sense:
(musical instruments) A percussion instrument, consisting of two sticks or blocks, in which one is struck against the other in order to produce a sound.


lexentry: eng/clavichord__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clavichord
trans_list: clavicorde | manicordion
sense:
(musical instruments) An early keyboard instrument producing a soft sound by means of metal blades (called tangents) attached to the inner ends of the keys gently striking the strings.


lexentry: eng/clavicle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clavicle
trans_list: clavicule
sense:
(skeleton) The collarbone; the prominent bone at the top of the chest between the shoulder and the neck connecting the shoulder and the breastbone.


lexentry: eng/clavicytherium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clavicytherium
trans_list: clavecin verticale | clavicythérium
sense:
(musical instruments) A harpsichord in which the soundboard and strings are mounted vertically facing the player. [early 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/claw__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: claw
trans_list: pince
sense:
(botany) A slender appendage or process, formed like a claw, such as the base of petals of the pink.


lexentry: eng/clay__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clay
trans_list: argile | glaise
sense:
A mineral substance made up of small crystals of silica and alumina, that is ductile when moist; the material of pre-fired ceramics.


lexentry: eng/clay__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: clay
trans_list: terre battue | argile
sense:
(tennis) A tennis court surface made of crushed stone, brick, shale, or other unbound mineral aggregate.


lexentry: eng/clay_pigeon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clay pigeon
trans_list: pigeon d'argile
sense:
A flying target, usually a disc, made of a mixture of pitch and pulverized limestone rock, used as moving target in sport shooting.


lexentry: eng/clean__Adjective__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: clean
trans_list: clean | propre
sense:
Free from (or showing no signs of) corrupt, unlawful, and/or sinister conduct or connections (and (of criminal, driving, etc. records) therefore without restrictions or penalties).


lexentry: eng/clean_and_jerk__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clean and jerk
trans_list: épaulé-jeté
sense:
(weightlifting) The act of lifting the barbell from the floor to a resting position across the front of the shoulders (the clean phase), pausing, and thrusting the barbell over the head to a stationary position in one movement (the jerk phase). The normal technique for both parts of this act involves propelling the barbell upwards, quickly lowering the torso, and then straightening the legs.


lexentry: eng/clean_someone's_clock__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clean someone's clock
trans_list: battre à plate couture
sense:
(idiomatic, informal) To defeat someone decisively, in a physical fight or other competition or negotiation.


lexentry: eng/cleaner__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: cleaner
trans_list: nettoyant
sense:
A substance used for cleaning; especially, one retailed for that purpose and meant for use on things other than one's own body.


lexentry: eng/cleanroom__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cleanroom
trans_list: salle blanche
sense:
A room or environment that is controlled in such a way as to minimize airborne particulate matter, typically for the purpose of fabricating sensitive electronic or other devices.


lexentry: eng/clear__Verb__1
sense_num: 10
written_rep: clear
trans_list: effectuer | passer
sense:
(intransitive) Of a check or financial transaction, to go through as payment; to be processed so that the money is transferred.


lexentry: eng/clear__Verb__1
sense_num: 17
written_rep: clear
trans_list: dégager
sense:
(transitive, intransitive, sports) To hit, kick, head, punch etc. (a ball, puck) away in order to defend one's goal.


lexentry: eng/clear_one's_throat__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clear one's throat
trans_list: se racler la gorge
sense:
Forcibly, sometimes mutedly, expelling air from one's lungs, sometimes to clear mucus, sometimes to attract attention to something; less vigorous than coughing.


lexentry: eng/clearance__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: clearance
trans_list: espace | gabarit
sense:
The height or width of a tunnel, bridge or other passage, or the distance between a vehicle and the walls or roof of such passage; a gap, headroom.


lexentry: eng/clearance__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: clearance
trans_list: liquidation | soldes | braderie
sense:
(retail) A sale of merchandise, especially at significantly reduced prices, usually in order to make room for new merchandise or updated versions of the same merchandise; sometimes as a closeout.


lexentry: eng/clearing_house__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clearing house
trans_list: chambre de compensation
sense:
A central point where clearing banks and other financial firms exchange checks, settle accounts, etc.


lexentry: eng/clearness__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: clearness
trans_list: clarté
sense:
The state of being free from obscurities or opacity; distinctness of light, colour etc. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/cleavage__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cleavage
trans_list: décolleté
sense:
The hollow or separation between a woman's breasts, especially as revealed by a low neckline. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/clef__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clef
trans_list: clé | clef
sense:
(music) A symbol found on a musical staff that indicates the pitches represented by the lines and the spaces on the staff [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]


lexentry: eng/cleft_chin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cleft chin
trans_list: menton fendu | menton fourchu
sense:
An anatomical genetic trait in which a fissure in the lower jaw causes a visible dimple in the center of the chin.


lexentry: eng/cleft_sentence__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cleft sentence
trans_list: phrase clivée
sense:
(linguistics) A complex sentence whose meaning could be expressed by a simple sentence, that has a dependent clause in front of the main clause, and that typically stresses a particular constituent.


lexentry: eng/clematis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clematis
trans_list: clématite
sense:
(botany) Any plant of the genus Clematis, vigorous climbing lianas found throughout the temperate zones.


lexentry: eng/clemency__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: clemency
trans_list: clémence
sense:
(legal) A pardon, commutation, or similar reduction, removal, or postponement of legal penalties by an executive officer of a state.


lexentry: eng/clementine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clementine
trans_list: clémentine
sense:
A type of small, sweet-tasting orange, the result of a hybrid cross between the willowleaf variety of mandarin orange (Citrus × aurantium f. deliciosa) and a sweet orange (Citrus sinensis). Scientific name: Citrus × clementina.


lexentry: eng/clerestory__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clerestory
trans_list: claire-voie | clair-étage
sense:
(architecture) The upper part of a wall containing windows to let in natural light to a building, especially in the nave, transept and choir of a church or cathedral.


lexentry: eng/clerical_collar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clerical collar
trans_list: col pasteur | col romain
sense:
A stiff white collar, having no opening at the front, fastened at the back, worn by members of the Christian clergy.


lexentry: eng/clerk__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clerk
trans_list: greffier | greffière
sense:
One who occupationally provides assistance by working with records, accounts, letters, etc.; an office worker.


lexentry: eng/cleruchy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cleruchy
trans_list: clérouquie
sense:
(historical, Ancient Greece) A form of Athenian colony in the time of Ancient Greece, under which the settlers or cleruchs retained their citizenship, and were assigned plots, or kleroi, of agricultural land, while the community remained a political dependency of Athens.


lexentry: eng/clever_clogs__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clever clogs
trans_list: Monsieur Je-sais-tout
sense:
(slang, UK, and, Ireland) Somebody who is rather too clever; a smart aleck; sometimes used as an epithet.


lexentry: eng/clever_dick__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clever dick
trans_list: Monsieur Je-sais-tout
sense:
(informal, chiefly, British) A person who annoyingly tries too hard to impress with their cleverness.


lexentry: eng/clevis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clevis
trans_list: chape
sense:
A U-shaped coupling having holes at each end, through which a bolt is run; used especially to fit attachments to a tractor or other vehicle as it allows a degree of rotation about the bolt.


lexentry: eng/clevis_pin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clevis pin
trans_list: tige à épaulement
sense:
Part of clevis fastener that allows rotation of the connected parts about the axis of the pin. A clevis pin consists of a head, shank and hole. The hole passes through the shank at the opposite end of the pin from the head. A cotter pin or similar through the hole keeps the clevis pin in place.


lexentry: eng/cliché__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cliché
trans_list: cliché | lieu commun | poncif | platitude
sense:
Something, most often a phrase or expression, that is overused or used outside its original context, so that its original impact and meaning are lost. A trite saying; a platitude. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/click__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: click
trans_list: clic | déclic
sense:
A brief, sharp, not particularly loud, relatively high-pitched sound produced by the impact of something small and hard against something hard, such as by the operation of a switch, a lock, or a latch.


lexentry: eng/click__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: click
trans_list: clic
sense:
(GUI) The act of pressing a button on a computer mouse or similar input device, both as a physical act and a reaction in the software.


lexentry: eng/click__Verb__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: click
trans_list: cliquer
sense:
(transitive, GUI) To select a software item using, usually, but not always, the pressing of a mouse button.


lexentry: eng/click_beetle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: click beetle
trans_list: taupin | agriote
sense:
Any of various beetles of the family Elateridae, generally less than 20 mm long, which, if turned upside down, flip themselves into the air with a clicking sound.


lexentry: eng/clickbait__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clickbait
trans_list: piège à clics | putaclic
sense:
(Internet, _, marketing, pejorative) Website content that is aimed at generating advertising revenue, especially at the expense of quality or accuracy, relying on sensationalist headlines to attract click-throughs; such headlines.


lexentry: eng/clicktivism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clicktivism
trans_list: clictivisme
sense:
(informal, derogatory) Half-hearted activism on the Internet, lacking actual engagement with the real-world issues.


lexentry: eng/client__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: client
trans_list: client
sense:
(computing) The role of a computer application or system that requests and/or consumes the services provided by another having the role of server.


lexentry: eng/clientele__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clientele
trans_list: clientèle
sense:
The body or class of people who frequent an establishment or purchase a service, especially when considered as forming a more-or-less homogeneous group of clients in terms of values or habits.


lexentry: eng/cliff_face__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cliff face
trans_list: falaise
sense:
The very steep, vertical, or overhanging section of rock, earth, or ice slope usually free of any vegetation or loose material.


lexentry: eng/cliffhanger__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cliffhanger
trans_list: cliffhanger
sense:
(narratology) An ending or stopping point calculated to leave a story unresolved, in order to create suspense.


lexentry: eng/climacteric__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: climacteric
trans_list: ménopause
sense:
(medicine) The period of life that leads up to and follows the end of menstruation in women; the menopause. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/climacterium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: climacterium
trans_list: climatère
sense:
(medical) The bodily and mental changes linked to the reproductive and endocrine function in men and women occurring during the latter part of middle age.


lexentry: eng/climate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: climate
trans_list: climat
sense:
The long-term manifestations of weather and other atmospheric conditions in a given area or country, now usually represented by the statistical summary of its weather conditions during a period long enough to ensure that representative values are obtained (generally 30 years).


lexentry: eng/climate_catastrophe__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: climate catastrophe
trans_list: catastrophe climatique
sense:
The severe negative effects of climate change on both the natural world and humanity as a result of extreme weather events, sea level rise, biodiversity loss, etc.


lexentry: eng/climate_change__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: climate change
trans_list: changement climatique | dérèglement climatique
sense:
Rapid, large-scale, and long-term change in the Earth's climatic system produced by global warming; anthropogenic climate change.


lexentry: eng/climate_refugee__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: climate refugee
trans_list: réfugié climatique | réfugié écologique
sense:
A person who is forced to flee their home due to anthropogenic climate change that made their region unliveable. [from 1980s]


lexentry: eng/climate_sceptic__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: climate sceptic
trans_list: climato-sceptique
sense:
A person who does not believe climate change is happening or does not believe it is caused by human activity.


lexentry: eng/climate_strike__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: climate strike
trans_list: grève pour le climat
sense:
A protest in which people absent themselves from professional or educational activities in order to join demonstrations calling for action to counter climate change.


lexentry: eng/climb__Verb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: climb
trans_list: grimper | escalader
sense:
(transitive) To move (especially up and down something) by gripping with the hands and using the feet.


lexentry: eng/climbing__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: climbing
trans_list: escalade
sense:
(uncountable) The sport of climbing, ascending a wall or a rock or another object using available holds, generally with the safety of a rope and belayer.


lexentry: eng/clinch__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: clinch
trans_list: clinch
sense:
(wrestling, combat sports) The act of one or both fighters holding onto the other to prevent being hit or engage in standup grappling.


lexentry: eng/cline__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cline
trans_list: cline
sense:
(systematics, evolution, biogeography) A gradation in a character or phenotype within a species, deme, or other systematic group.


lexentry: eng/clingy__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: clingy
trans_list: collant
sense:
(informal, usually, derogatory) Pathetically attached to, or possessive of someone, usually a significant other.


lexentry: eng/clinic__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clinic
trans_list: clinique
sense:
A medical facility, such as a hospital, especially one for the treatment and diagnosis of outpatients.


lexentry: eng/clinical__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clinical
trans_list: clinique
sense:
(medicine) Dealing with the practical management of patients, in practice#Noun at the point of care; as contrasted with other health care venues (see clinical medicine#Noun for more explanation).


lexentry: eng/clinical_death__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clinical death
trans_list: mort clinique
sense:
(medicine, legal) A state in which usual medically observable vital signs—such as respiration, heartbeat, and corneal reflex—are not present, but from which patients are sometimes revived.


lexentry: eng/clinical_psychology__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clinical psychology
trans_list: psychologie clinique
sense:
(psychology) A branch of psychology with the purpose of understanding, preventing, and relieving psychologically based distress or dysfunction and to promote subjective well-being and personal development.


lexentry: eng/clinically__Adverb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: clinically
trans_list: cliniquement
sense:
In the setting of a medical clinic; in a clinical setting; (of a health condition) to a degree high enough to be relevant to clinical practice.


lexentry: eng/clinician__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: clinician
trans_list: clinicien
sense:
(chiefly, US) Someone who conducts a clinic; an expert or skilled practitioner in a particular field, such as business or education. In this sense, a clinician is someone who provides practical advice or hands-on assistance to others in a specific area of expertise. For example, a business clinician might be an experienced consultant who helps companies improve their operations, while an education clinician might be a skilled teacher who provides professional development and support to other educators.


lexentry: eng/clink__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clink
trans_list: toquer
sense:
(ambitransitive) To make a clinking sound; to make a sound of metal on metal or glass on glass; to strike materials such as metal or glass against one another.


lexentry: eng/clinker-built__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clinker-built
trans_list: bordé à clin
sense:
(nautical) Of a boat or ship: having the hull constructed using planks or plates laid so that each plank overlaps the edge of the plank or plate below it, and in the case of plates, behind it; the planks were traditionally secured by nails which had been clenched (or clinched), that is, after being hammered through the planks the points of the nails were bent to make them unremovable.


lexentry: eng/clinker__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: clinker
trans_list: mâchefer
sense:
Slag or ash produced by intense heat in a furnace, kiln or boiler that forms a hard residue upon cooling. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/clinometer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clinometer
trans_list: clinomètre
sense:
An apparatus for measuring a vertical angle, a slope, or the height of a large object (e.g. a tree).


lexentry: eng/clipboard__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: clipboard
trans_list: planchette à pince | presse-papiers
sense:
(computing) A buffer in memory where the user can store data temporarily while transferring it from one place within an application to another or between applications.


lexentry: eng/clipper__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: clipper
trans_list: clipper
sense:
(nautical) Any of several forms of very fast sailing ships having a long, low hull and a sharply raked stem.


lexentry: eng/clipping__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: clipping
trans_list: troncation | apocope
sense:
(countable, linguistics) A short form (of a longer word) created by removing syllables, often terminal ones.


lexentry: eng/clit_tease__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clit tease
trans_list: allumeur
sense:
(slang, vulgar) A person, usually a man, who teases a woman with a promise (either implicit or explicit) of sexual fulfillment but does not deliver on it.


lexentry: eng/clitellum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clitellum
trans_list: clitellum
sense:
(biology) A glandular swelling in the epidermis of some annelid worms; it secretes a viscous fluid in which the eggs are deposited.


lexentry: eng/clitic__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clitic
trans_list: clitique
sense:
(linguistics) A morpheme that functions like a word, but never appears as an independent word, instead being always attached to a following or preceding word (or, in some cases, within a surrounding word).


lexentry: eng/clitoral_hood__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clitoral hood
trans_list: capuchon clitoridien | capuchon du clitoris | prépuce clitoridien
sense:
A fold of skin that surrounds and protects the clitoris, homologous with the male foreskin; the female prepuce.


lexentry: eng/clitoris__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clitoris
trans_list: clitoris
sense:
(anatomy) A sensitive elongated erectile sex organ at the anterior part of the vulva in female humans and other mammals. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/cloaca__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cloaca
trans_list: cloaque
sense:
(anatomy, zoology) The opening in reptiles, amphibians and birds, as well as elasmobranchians, lobe-finned fishes, marsupials and monotreme mammals, which serves as the common outlet for the urogenital ducts and rectum.


lexentry: eng/clobber__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: clobber
trans_list: écraser
sense:
(transitive, computing, slang) To overwrite (data) or override (an assignment of a value), often unintentionally or unexpectedly.


lexentry: eng/clock__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: clock
trans_list: horloge
sense:
(electronics) An electrical signal that synchronizes timing among digital circuits of semiconductor chips or modules.


lexentry: eng/clock_in__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clock in
trans_list: embaucher | pointer
sense:
(US) To begin working time, especially by punching in (entering a workplace by punching a time card with the time clock).


lexentry: eng/clock_is_ticking__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clock is ticking
trans_list: l'horloge tourne
sense:
(idiomatic, almost always preceded by the and often followed by for) Time is running out; a deadline is approaching.


lexentry: eng/clock_speed__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clock speed
sense:
(computing, computer hardware) The rate, measured in hertz, at which a processor performs its fundamental operations.

trans_list:
fréquence d'horloge | fréquence de base | fréquence de base de temps | fréquence de synchronisation | vitesse d'horloge


lexentry: eng/clock_tower__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clock tower
trans_list: tour de l'horloge
sense:
(architecture) A tower, usually in a prominent position, having a large clock in a high position, often with several faces.


lexentry: eng/clockwork__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clockwork
trans_list: rouage
sense:
A mechanism powered by a coiled spring and regulated by some form of escapement; the power is transmitted through toothed gearwheels and used to drive a mechanical clock, toy, or other device.


lexentry: eng/cloister__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cloister
trans_list: cloître
sense:
A covered walk with an open colonnade on one side, running along the walls of buildings that surround a quadrangle; especially:


lexentry: eng/cloister_vault__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cloister vault
trans_list: voûte cloisonnée
sense:
(architecture) A vault resulting from the intersection of two barrel vaults crossing in a right angle. The angles of intersection are groins with projecting angles at the base, which die away at the summit.


lexentry: eng/clonazepam__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clonazepam
trans_list: clonazépam
sense:
(organic compound, pharmaceutical drug) A benzodiazepine with potent anticonvulsant used especially in the treatment of epilepsy and other seizure disorders; C15H10ClN3O3. It is a derivative of nitrazepam.


lexentry: eng/clone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clone
trans_list: clone
sense:
A living organism (originally a plant) produced asexually from a single ancestor, to which it is genetically identical.


lexentry: eng/cloning__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cloning
trans_list: clonage
sense:
(biology) The production of a cloned embryo by transplanting the nucleus of a somatic cell into an ovum.


lexentry: eng/close,_but_no_cigar__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: close, but no cigar
trans_list: presque réussi, mais raté
sense:
(idiomatic, originally, US, colloquial) Used to indicate that one is almost correct or has almost succeeded, but not quite. [from early 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/close-mid__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: close-mid
trans_list: mi-fermé
sense:
(phonetics, of a vowel) pronounced with the tongue in a position approximately two-thirds of the way between an open and a close vowel


lexentry: eng/close-up__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: close-up
trans_list: gros plan | plan rapproché
sense:
(photography) A photographic (or other) image in which the subject is shown at a relatively large scale, and occupies most or all of the frame.


lexentry: eng/close__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: close
trans_list: fermer | clore
sense:
(ambitransitive) To move a thing, or part of a thing, nearer to another so that the gap or opening between the two is removed.


lexentry: eng/close__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: close
trans_list: conclure | fermer
sense:
(transitive, intransitive, electricity, of a switch, fuse or circuit breaker) To move to a position allowing electricity to flow.


lexentry: eng/close__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: close
trans_list: fermer | clore
sense:
(intransitive) To do the tasks (putting things away, locking doors, etc.) required to prepare a store or other establishment to shut down for the night.


lexentry: eng/close_ranks__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: close ranks
trans_list: serrer les rangs
sense:
(figuratively) To regroup forces, especially when this involves overlooking differences in order to face a challenge or adverse situation. Often implies making a show of unity, especially to the public.


lexentry: eng/close_the_stable_door_after_the_horse_has_bolted__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: close the stable door after the horse has bolted
trans_list: c'est de la moutarde après dîner
sense:
(idiomatic) To attempt to prevent a problem that has already occurred; to design and implement a preventive mechanism that is too late (after the first failure instead of before).


lexentry: eng/closed_caption__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: closed caption
trans_list: sous-titrage
sense:
(television) Text which can be displayed on a television or other video screen with suitable equipment, usually a transcription or description of audio material.


lexentry: eng/closet__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: closet
trans_list: placard
sense:
(figuratively) A secret or hiding place, (particularly) the hiding place in English idioms such as in the closet and skeleton in the closet.


lexentry: eng/closet__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: closet
trans_list: placard
sense:
(obsolete) Clipping of closet of ease, (later, UK) clipping of water closet: a room containing a toilet.


lexentry: eng/closeup__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: closeup
trans_list: gros plan
sense:
(film) A video or film recording made with the camera positioned close to an actor, often so that only the head or face is visible.


lexentry: eng/closure__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: closure
trans_list: fermeture
sense:
(programming) An abstraction that represents a function within an environment, a context consisting of the variables that are both bound at a particular time during the execution of the program and that are within the function's scope.


lexentry: eng/closure_temperature__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: closure temperature
trans_list: température de blocage | température de fermeture
sense:
(geology) The temperature, of a mineral, etc., below which there is no significant diffusion of isotopes into the external environment; the temperature of said mineral at the time it was formed (as calculated by radiometric dating).


lexentry: eng/cloth__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cloth
trans_list: étoffe | tissu
sense:
(countable, uncountable) A fabric, usually made of woven, knitted, or felted fibres or filaments, such as used in dressing, decorating, cleaning or other practical use.


lexentry: eng/clothes_dryer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clothes dryer
trans_list: sèche-linge
sense:
An electrical appliance used for drying clothes, usually by tumbling them in a heated rotating drum.


lexentry: eng/clothes_moth__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clothes moth
trans_list: mite | mite des vêtements | teigne
sense:
Any of several small, yellowish or buff-colored moths of the family Tineidae, feeding on textiles (wool, fur, feathers).


lexentry: eng/clothes_peg__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clothes peg
trans_list: pince à linge | épingle à linge
sense:
(British, Australia, NZ, Canada) An object (usually made of wood or plastic) used to attach wet laundry to a clothesline so that it (the laundry) can dry.


lexentry: eng/clothesline__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: clothesline
trans_list: corde à linge
sense:
(North America, informal) The act of knocking a person over by striking his or her upper body or neck with one's arm, as if he or she had run into a low clothesline.


lexentry: eng/clotted_cream__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clotted cream
trans_list: crème caillée
sense:
A thick, sweet dairy product, made by skimming the thickened layer off the top of unhomogenized cream that has been heated and allowed to stand. Fat content is at least 55%.


lexentry: eng/cloud__Noun__1
sense_num: 10
written_rep: cloud
trans_list: cloud | nuage
sense:
(cloud computing, with "the") The Internet, regarded as an abstract amorphous omnipresent space for processing and storage, the focus of cloud computing.


lexentry: eng/cloud_computing__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cloud computing
trans_list: infonuagique | informatique en nuage
sense:
(informal, computing) Computing services provided over the Internet (or the “cloud”), whereby shared resources, software, and information are provided to computers and other devices on demand.


lexentry: eng/clouded_leopard__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clouded leopard
trans_list: panthère nébuleuse | léopard tacheté | panthère longibande
sense:
(especially) A mainland clouded leopard, a medium-sized, arboreal cat of species Neofelis nebulosa, found in Southeast Asia.


