# translation

lexentry: eng/pinecone_fish__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pinecone fish
trans_list: poisson ananas
sense:
A beryciform marine fish of the family Monocentridae, with a rounded, compressed body covered in strong plate-like scales fortified with ridges.


lexentry: eng/pinene__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pinene
trans_list: pinène
sense:
(organic compound) Either of two isomeric bicyclic monoterpene hydrocarbons that are the principal components of pine resin


lexentry: eng/pinesap__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pinesap
trans_list: monotrope sucepin
sense:
A myco-heterotroph (Monotropa hypopitys), formerly thought to be a saprophyte, having racemes of drooping flowers.


lexentry: eng/pingo__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pingo
trans_list: mamelon
sense:
(geomorphology) A conical mound of earth with an ice core caused by permafrost uplift, particularly if lasting more than a year. [from 1920s]


lexentry: eng/pink__Verb__3
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pink
trans_list: pétiller
sense:
Of a motor car, to emit a high "pinking" noise, usually as a result of ill-set ignition timing for the fuel used (in a spark ignition engine).


lexentry: eng/pinko__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pinko
trans_list: rose
sense:
(informal, often, derogatory, chiefly, US) A socialist, particularly one who is not completely communist. [from mid-1930s]


lexentry: eng/pinna__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pinna
trans_list: pavillon | pavillon de l’oreille
sense:
(anatomy, zoology) The visible part of the ear in most therians that resides outside of the head, the auricle; outer ear excluding the ear canal.


lexentry: eng/pinnacle__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: pinnacle
trans_list: pinacle
sense:
(architectural element) An upright member, generally ending in a small spire, used to finish a buttress, to constitute a part in a proportion, as where pinnacles flank a gable or spire.


lexentry: eng/pinnate__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pinnate
trans_list: penné
sense:
(botany) Having two rows of branches, lobes, leaflets, or veins arranged on each side of a common axis


lexentry: eng/pinniped__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pinniped
trans_list: pinnipède
sense:
Any of various large marine mammals belonging to the parvorder Pinnipedia comprising walruses, eared seals and earless seals.


lexentry: eng/pinocytosis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pinocytosis
trans_list: micropinocytose | pinocytose
sense:
(biology) A form of endocytosis in which material enters a cell through its membrane and is incorporated in vesicles for digestion.


lexentry: eng/pins_and_needles__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pins and needles
trans_list: avoir des fourmis dans les jambes | fourmis
sense:
(informal) A tingling or prickling sensation, felt in a limb when a nerve compression is relieved and in other situations.


lexentry: eng/pinwheel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pinwheel
trans_list: moulin à vent | moulinet
sense:
An artificial flower with a stem, usually plastic, for children: the flower spins round in the wind, like a small paper windmill.


lexentry: eng/pion__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pion
trans_list: pion
sense:
(particle) Any of three semistable mesons, having positive, negative or neutral charge, composed of up and down quarks/antiquarks.


lexentry: eng/pioneer__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: pioneer
trans_list: pionnier
sense:
(military) A soldier detailed or employed to form roads, dig trenches, and make bridges, as an army advances; a sapper.


lexentry: eng/pioneer__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: pioneer
trans_list: pionnier
sense:
(Communism) A member of a children’s organization operated by the Communist Party, typically in the second of three stages toward becoming a member of the Party itself.


lexentry: eng/pioneering__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pioneering
trans_list: novateur | pionnier
sense:
Involving accomplishments or activities that have not been done before, or developing or using new methods or techniques.


lexentry: eng/pip__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pip
trans_list: pépin
sense:
(UK) A seed inside certain fleshy fruits, such as the stone (pit) of a stonefruit or the smaller seeds of an orange or apple.


lexentry: eng/pip__Noun__4
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pip
trans_list: bip | top
sense:
One of a series of very short, electronically produced tones, used, for example, to count down the final few seconds before a given time or to indicate that a caller using a payphone needs to make further payment to continue the call.


lexentry: eng/pipe-dream__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pipe-dream
trans_list: rêver
sense:
(intransitive) To have a desire or idea which is unlikely to materialize, or to imagine a plan which is unlikely to work; to dream of a near impossibility.


lexentry: eng/pipe__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pipe
trans_list: cornemuse | tuyau
sense:
(woodwind instrument) A wind instrument consisting of a tube, often lined with holes to allow for adjustment in pitch, sounded by blowing into the tube. [from 10th c.]


lexentry: eng/pipe__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pipe
trans_list: tuyau | conduit
sense:
A rigid tube that transports water, steam, or other fluid, as used in plumbing and numerous other applications. [from 10th c.]


lexentry: eng/pipe_bomb__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pipe bomb
trans_list: bombe tuyau
sense:
An improvised explosive device consisting of blasting powder or other explosive material encased in a metal pipe to increase the blast effect.


lexentry: eng/pipe_cleaner__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pipe cleaner
trans_list: nettoie-pipe | cure-pipe | chenillette
sense:
A piece of flexible wire in which tufted fabric is twisted and which is used to clean out the stem of a tobacco pipe or other narrow tube. It can be also used for arts and crafts.


lexentry: eng/pipe_dream__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pipe dream
trans_list: rêve chimérique | chimère
sense:
(idiomatic, originally, US) A desire or idea which is unlikely to materialize, or a plan which is unlikely to work; a near impossibility. [from late 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/pipe_organ__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pipe organ
trans_list: orgue à tuyaux | orgue
sense:
(musical instrument) The largest of all musical instruments, played from an organ console. The organ produces its sound by sending air through organ pipes- either reed pipes or flue pipes, which are seated on wind chests. The valves controlling each pipe may be actuated electronically or using long wooden poles called trackers.


lexentry: eng/pipe_wrench__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pipe wrench
trans_list: clé serre tube
sense:
An adjustable wrench (British spanner) with a toothed jaw for gripping pipe, frequently used by a plumber or pipe fitter, to loosen and tighten pipes with threaded connections.


lexentry: eng/pipefish__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pipefish
trans_list: syngnathe
sense:
A small fish of subfamily Syngnathinae in the seahorse family, having a long thin body covered with partially ossified plates, the head long, and the jaws elongated so as to form a tubular snout.


lexentry: eng/pipette__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pipette
trans_list: pipette
sense:
(sciences) A small tube, often with an enlargement or bulb in the middle, and usually graduated, used for transferring or delivering measured quantities of a liquid. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/pipeweed__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pipeweed
trans_list: tube
sense:
Any of a number of plants having thin and straight stems resembling pipes, often hollow or lacking branches.


lexentry: eng/pipit__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pipit
trans_list: pipit
sense:
Any of various small passerine birds, mainly from the genus Anthus, that are often drab, ground feeding insectivores of open country.


lexentry: eng/pique__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pique
trans_list: provoquer
sense:
To excite (someone) to action, especially by causing jealousy, resentment, etc.; also, to stimulate (an emotion or feeling, especially curiosity or interest).


lexentry: eng/piquet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: piquet
trans_list: piquet
sense:
(card games) A game of cards for two people, with thirty-two cards, all the deuces, threes, fours, fives, and sixes being set aside.


lexentry: eng/piracatinga__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: piracatinga
trans_list: piracatinga
sense:
(fish) A species of catfish, Calophysus macropterus, endemic to the Amazon and Orinoco river basins.


lexentry: eng/piracy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: piracy
trans_list: piraterie | piratage
sense:
(crime, nautical) Robbery at sea, a violation of international law; taking a ship away from the control of those who are legally entitled to it.


lexentry: eng/piranha__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: piranha
trans_list: piranha
sense:
(ichthyology) Any of certain freshwater fish of the subfamily Serrasalminae, native to South America; they are characterised by razor-sharp teeth and a reputation of being ferocious predators (despite most species being omnivorous).


lexentry: eng/pirate__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pirate
trans_list: piraté
sense:
Illegally imitated or reproduced, said of a trademarked product or copyrighted work, or of the counterfeit itself.


lexentry: eng/pirate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pirate
trans_list: pirate | corsaire | boucanier | flibustier
sense:
(crime) A criminal who plunders at sea; commonly attacking merchant vessels, though often pillaging port towns.


lexentry: eng/pirate__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: pirate
trans_list: pirate
sense:
(by extension) One who breaks intellectual property laws by reproducing protected works without permission.


lexentry: eng/pirate_radio__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pirate radio
trans_list: radio pirate
sense:
(radio) The act or practice of broadcasting without having the necessary license that covers the territory where the signals are received.


lexentry: eng/pirate_ship__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pirate ship
trans_list: bateau pirate
sense:
Any ship manned by pirates, especially a large wooden sailing ship armed with cannons and flying a Jolly Roger, as stereotyped in literature and film.


lexentry: eng/pirozhki__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pirozhki
trans_list: pirojki
sense:
Small pastries filled with finely chopped meat, vegetables or fruit baked or fried, from eastern European cuisine, or a serving of these.


lexentry: eng/piscatory_ring__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: piscatory ring
trans_list: anneau pêcheur
sense:
(Roman Catholicism) A ring worn by popes, representing the first pope and Christian apostle Peter, who had been a fisherman.


lexentry: eng/piss__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: piss
trans_list: pisse
sense:
(countable, _, and, _, uncountable) Alcoholic beverage, especially of inferior quality. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/piss_oneself__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: piss oneself
trans_list: pisser dans sa culotte | pisser dans son froc
sense:
(slang, vulgar, figuratively) To be very scared (to the extent that one might lose control of one's bladder).


lexentry: eng/piss_oneself__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: piss oneself
trans_list: pisser dans sa culotte | pisser dans son froc
sense:
(slang, vulgar, figuratively) To laugh uncontrollably (to the extent that one might lose control of one's bladder).


lexentry: eng/pissaladière__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pissaladière
trans_list: pissaladière
sense:
A pie from southern France, similar to pizza, without tomatoes or cheese, usually topped with onions, anchovies and black olives.


lexentry: eng/pistil__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pistil
trans_list: pistil
sense:
(botany) A discrete organ in the center of a flower capable of receiving pollen and producing a fruit, it is divided into an ovary, style and stigma. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/piston__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: piston
trans_list: piston
sense:
(mechanics) A solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder, and moves under pressure (as in an engine) or displaces fluid (as in a pump)


lexentry: eng/piston_engine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: piston engine
trans_list: moteur à explosion
sense:
Any of several types of engine having cylinders containing reciprocating pistons, in which a crankshaft is turned by pistons moving up and down within cylinders; many internal combustion engines and many steam engines have such a mechanism.


lexentry: eng/pit__Noun__1
sense_num: 13
written_rep: pit
trans_list: fosse
sense:
Formerly, that part of a theatre, on the floor of the house, below the level of the stage and behind the orchestra; now, in England, commonly the part behind the stalls; in the United States, the parquet; also, the occupants of such a part of a theatre.


lexentry: eng/pit_stop__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pit stop
trans_list: arrêt au stand
sense:
(motor racing) A stop made during an automobile race at the pit to refuel and perform other periodic maintenance on the vehicle.


lexentry: eng/pit_viper__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pit viper
trans_list: crotale
sense:
Any of various venomous snakes, of the subfamily Crotalinae, found in Asia and the Americas, with a deep pit or fossa on either side of the head that enables them to detect prey by infrared.


lexentry: eng/pitch-perfect__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: pitch-perfect
trans_list: parfait
sense:
(figurative) Utterly flawless and suitable with respect to appearance, atmosphere or tone, expression, or other characteristics.


lexentry: eng/pitch__Noun__2
sense_num: 03
written_rep: pitch
trans_list: terrain | jet | tir
sense:
(sports, UK, Australia, NZ) The field on which cricket, soccer, rugby, gridiron or field hockey is played. (In cricket, the pitch is in the centre of the field; see cricket pitch.) (Not often used in the US or Canada, where "field" is the preferred word.)


lexentry: eng/pitch__Noun__2
sense_num: 07
written_rep: pitch
trans_list: pas | écartement
sense:
The distance between evenly spaced objects, e.g. the teeth of a saw or gear, the turns of a screw thread, the centres of holes, or letters in a monospace font.


lexentry: eng/pitch__Noun__2
sense_num: 09
written_rep: pitch
trans_list: tangage | assiette
sense:
(nautical, aviation) The degree to which a vehicle, especially a ship or aircraft, rotates on such an axis, tilting its bow or nose up or down.


lexentry: eng/pitch__Noun__2
sense_num: 24
written_rep: pitch
trans_list: descente
sense:
The point where a declivity begins; hence, the declivity itself; a descending slope; the degree or rate of descent or slope; slant.


lexentry: eng/pitch__Verb__2
sense_num: 09
written_rep: pitch
trans_list: tanguer
sense:
(ambitransitive, aviation, or, nautical) To move so that the front of an aircraft or boat goes alternatively up and down.


lexentry: eng/pitch_accent__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pitch accent
trans_list: accent de hauteur | accent tonal
sense:
(phonology) Any of a variety of restricted tone systems that use variations in pitch to give prominence to a syllable or mora within a word. The placement of this tone or the way it is realized can give different meanings to otherwise similar words.


lexentry: eng/pitch_pine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pitch pine
trans_list: pitchpin
sense:
Any of various other pine trees from which pitch can be obtained, or which have very resinous wood, including members of species:


lexentry: eng/pitched_battle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pitched battle
trans_list: bataille rangée
sense:
(military) A battle which opposing forces anticipate and commit to fighting; a sustained, intense and confrontational fight.


lexentry: eng/pitcher__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pitcher
trans_list: pichet | cruche
sense:
A wide-mouthed, deep vessel for holding liquids, with a spout or protruding lip and a handle; a water jug or jar with a large ear or handle.


lexentry: eng/pitcher_plant__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pitcher plant
trans_list: sarracénie
sense:
Any of various insectivorous plants of the genera Sarracenia, Darlingtonia, Heliamphora (in order Ericales); Nepenthes (in order Caryophyllales), or Cephalotus (in order Oxalidales) that have pitcher-like leaves or parts of leaves with slippery sides that attract and trap insects.


lexentry: eng/pitchfork__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pitchfork
trans_list: fourche
sense:
An agricultural tool comprising a fork with sparse, light tines, attached to a long handle, used for pitching hay (especially loose hay) high up onto a stack (as on a wagon or haystack, or into a haymow).


lexentry: eng/pitchman__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pitchman
trans_list: bonimenteur
sense:
A salesman, especially one who aggressively markets wares from a street stall, or a carnival or side show act.


lexentry: eng/pitfall__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pitfall
trans_list: piège | écueil
sense:
(figurative) A potential, unsuspected, hidden problem, hazard, or danger that is easily encountered but not immediately obvious.


lexentry: eng/pitfall__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pitfall
trans_list: trappe | chausse-trape
sense:
(literal) A type of trap consisting of a concealed pit in the ground, which the victim is supposed to fall into and not be able to get out from.


lexentry: eng/pith__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pith
trans_list: moelle
sense:
The soft, spongy substance inside plant parts; specifically, the parenchyma in the centre of the roots and stems of many plants and trees.


lexentry: eng/piton__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: piton
trans_list: cale
sense:
(climbing) A spike, wedge, or peg that is driven into a rock or ice surface as a support (as for a mountain climber).


lexentry: eng/pitot_tube__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pitot tube
trans_list: tube de Pitot
sense:
(aviation) A pressure measuring instrument used to measure fluid flow velocity, especially used to determine the airspeed of an aircraft.


lexentry: eng/pituitary_gland__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pituitary gland
trans_list: hypophyse | glande pituitaire
sense:
(anatomy) An endocrine gland, about the size of a pea, that sits in a small, bony cavity at the base of the brain whose secretions control the other endocrine glands and influence growth, metabolism, and maturation.


lexentry: eng/pivot__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pivot
trans_list: pivot
sense:
A thing on which something turns; specifically a metal pointed pin or short shaft in machinery, such as the end of an axle or spindle.


lexentry: eng/pivot_table__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pivot table
trans_list: tableau croisé dynamique
sense:
(computing) A summary table used for automatic sorting, counting and averaging of the data in another table or spreadsheet.


lexentry: eng/pizza__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pizza
trans_list: pizza
sense:
(uncountable) A baked Italian dish of a thinly rolled bread crust typically topped before baking with tomato sauce, cheese, and other ingredients such as meat or vegetables.


lexentry: eng/piñata__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: piñata
trans_list: piñata | pignata | pinata | piniata | pinyata
sense:
(Latin American culture) A doll or other decorated container that is filled with candy and hit with a hammer or a stick by blindfolded children during birthday parties or other celebrations until the candy falls out.


lexentry: eng/placard__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: placard
trans_list: affiche | pancarte
sense:
A sheet of paper or cardboard with a written or printed announcement on one side for display in a public place.


lexentry: eng/placate__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: placate
trans_list: apaiser | calmer
sense:
(transitive) To calm; to bring peace to; to influence someone who was furious to the point that they become content or at least no longer irate.


lexentry: eng/place__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: place
trans_list: placer | mettre | poser | arriver | se placer
sense:
(ergative) To earn a given spot in a competition; to rank at a certain position ((often followed by an ordinal)).


lexentry: eng/place__Verb__1
sense_num: 08
written_rep: place
trans_list: faire | placer
sense:
(transitive) To recruit or match an appropriate person for a job, or a home for an animal for adoption, etc.


lexentry: eng/place_mat__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: place mat
trans_list: napperon
sense:
A protective mat, usually heat-resistant, placed under a single person's tableware (including cutlery) at the dining table.


lexentry: eng/place_of_articulation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: place of articulation
trans_list: point d'articulation | lieu d'articulation
sense:
(phonetics, of a consonant) The point of contact, where an obstruction occurs in the vocal tract between an active (moving) articulator (typically some part of the tongue) and a passive (stationary) articulator (typically some part of the roof of the mouth).


lexentry: eng/place_of_worship__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: place of worship
trans_list: lieu de culte
sense:
A place, usually a building such as a church, mosque, synagogue or temple where believers can practise their faith.


lexentry: eng/place_setting__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: place setting
trans_list: couvert
sense:
Items of cutlery, crockery and glassware, and sometimes a place mat, arranged for a person at a dining table.


lexentry: eng/place_value__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: place value
trans_list: importance
sense:
(arithmetic) The value of a digit of numbers. For example, ones, tens, hundreds in the decimal counting; ones, sixes, thirty-sixes in the senary counting.


lexentry: eng/placebo_effect__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: placebo effect
trans_list: effet placebo
sense:
(medicine, especially, pharmacology) A phenomenon where a person's health improves after receiving a treatment that has no direct therapeutic mechanism.


lexentry: eng/placeholder__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: placeholder
trans_list: marque substitutive | placeholder | substitut
sense:
Something used or included temporarily or as a substitute for something that is not known or must remain generic; that which holds, denotes or reserves a place for something to come later.


lexentry: eng/placement__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: placement
trans_list: placement
sense:
The act of placing or putting in place; the act of locating or positioning; the state of being placed.


lexentry: eng/placenta__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: placenta
trans_list: placenta
sense:
(botany) In flowering plants, the part of the ovary where ovules develop; in non-flowering plants where the spores develop.


lexentry: eng/placode__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: placode
trans_list: placode
sense:
(biology, anatomy, comparative anatomy) A platelike thickening of the epithelial layer of an embryo from which an organ, especially a sense organ, develops.


lexentry: eng/placozoan__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: placozoan
trans_list: placozoaire
sense:
(zoology) Any of a group of balloon-shaped marine organisms, of the phylum Placozoa, considered to be the simplest living animals.


lexentry: eng/plagal_cadence__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plagal cadence
trans_list: cadence plagale
sense:
(music) A falling cadence in which a subdominant chord precedes the tonic; especially used in an ending Amen.


lexentry: eng/plagiarism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plagiarism
trans_list: plagiat
sense:
(uncountable) Copying of another person's ideas, text, or other creative work, and presenting it as one's own, especially without permission; plagiarizing.


lexentry: eng/plagiarist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plagiarist
trans_list: plagiaire
sense:
One who plagiarizes; or lifts the words, writings, or ideas of another, and passes them off as his or her own, thus engaging in plagiarism; a literary thief


lexentry: eng/plagiarize__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plagiarize
trans_list: plagier
sense:
(ambitransitive) To use, and pass off as one's own, someone else's writing, speech, ideas, or other intellectual or creative work, especially in an academic context; to commit plagiarism.


lexentry: eng/plagioclase__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plagioclase
trans_list: plagioclase
sense:
(mineral) Any of a group of aluminum silicate feldspathic minerals ranging in their ratio of calcium to sodium.


lexentry: eng/plague__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plague
trans_list: peste
sense:
(often used with the, sometimes capitalized: the Plague) The bubonic plague, the pestilent disease caused by the virulent bacterium Yersinia pestis.


lexentry: eng/plague__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: plague
trans_list: peste | plaie
sense:
(pathology) An epidemic or pandemic caused by any pestilence, but specifically by the above disease.


lexentry: eng/plague__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: plague
trans_list: plaie | fléau | calamité
sense:
A widespread affliction, calamity, or destructive influx, especially when seen as divine retribution.


lexentry: eng/plaice__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plaice
trans_list: carrelet | plie
sense:
Pleuronectes platessa (European plaice), commonly found in the North Sea and Irish Sea, with smooth brown skin and red or orange spots.


lexentry: eng/plaid__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: plaid
trans_list: plaid | tissu écossais
sense:
A length of such material used as a piece of clothing, formerly worn in the Scottish Highlands and other parts of northern Britain and remaining as an item of ceremonial dress worn by members of Scottish pipe bands. [from 16thc.]


lexentry: eng/plain_English__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plain English
trans_list: langage clair
sense:
English that does not use any jargon or technical or scientific terminology; simple or easily comprehensible words or language, usually denoting a form restricted by good sense alone, as contrasted with a codified form via controlled natural language.


lexentry: eng/plain__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: plain
trans_list: simple texte
sense:
(computing) Containing no extended or nonprinting characters (especially in plain text). [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/plain_as_the_nose_on_one's_face__Adjective__1
written_rep: plain as the nose on one's face
trans_list:
clair comme le jour | crever les yeux | gros comme une maison | sauter aux yeux | se voir comme le nez au milieu de la figure


lexentry: eng/plainclothes__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plainclothes
trans_list: en bourgeois | en civil | en habit bourgeois
sense:
(usually, of a police officer) Wearing ordinary civilian clothes instead of a uniform, in order to avoid detection.


lexentry: eng/plainsong__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plainsong
trans_list: plain-chant
sense:
(music) A form of monophonic chant in unison using the Gregorian scale, sung in various Christian churches.


lexentry: eng/plaintiff__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plaintiff
trans_list: demandeur | demandeuse | plaignant | plaignante
sense:
(law, UK, _, historic, otherwise, current) A party bringing a suit in civil law against a defendant; accuser.


lexentry: eng/plan__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plan
trans_list: schéma | plan
sense:
A drawing showing technical details of a building, machine, etc., with unwanted details omitted, and often using symbols rather than detailed drawing to represent doors, valves, etc.


lexentry: eng/plan__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: plan
trans_list: plan
sense:
A two-dimensional drawing of a building as seen from above with obscuring or irrelevant details such as roof removed, or of a floor of a building, revealing the internal layout; as distinct from the elevation.


lexentry: eng/planarian__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: planarian
trans_list: planaire
sense:
Any of various flatworms of the order Tricladida living in marine, freshwater, or terrestrial environments.


lexentry: eng/planche__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: planche
trans_list: planche
sense:
(gymnastics) A position where the gymnast is horizontal and face-down, using only the hands as support.


lexentry: eng/plane__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: plane
trans_list: plan
sense:
(geometry) A flat surface extending infinitely in all directions (e.g. horizontal or vertical plane); a bounded portion thereof.


lexentry: eng/plane_angle__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: plane angle
trans_list: angle plan
sense:
(geometry) An angle formed by two intersecting planes, measured by the angle between two intersecting straight lines that are in respective planes and perpendicular to the intersection of the planes.


lexentry: eng/planer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: planer
trans_list: raboteuse
sense:
(woodworking) A tool which smooths a surface or makes one surface of a workpiece parallel to the tool's bed.


lexentry: eng/planer__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: planer
trans_list: raboteuse
sense:
(mechanical engineering) A large machine tool in which the workpiece is traversed linearly (by means of a reciprocating bed) beneath a single-point cutting tool. (Analogous to a shaper but larger and with the workpiece moving instead of the tool.) Planers can generate various shapes, but were most especially used to generate large, accurate flat surfaces. The planer is nowadays obsolescent, having been mostly superseded by large milling machines.


lexentry: eng/planet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: planet
trans_list: planète
sense:
(now, historical, or, astrology) Each of the seven major bodies which move relative to the fixed stars in the night sky—the Moon, Mercury, Venus, the Sun, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn. [from 14thc.]


lexentry: eng/planet__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: planet
trans_list: planète
sense:
(astronomy, historical) Any body that orbits the Sun, including the asteroids (as minor planets) and sometimes the moons of those bodies (as satellite planets)


lexentry: eng/planet__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: planet
trans_list: planète
sense:
(astronomy, current) A body which is massive enough to be in hydrostatic equilibrium (generally resulting in being an ellipsoid) but not enough to attain nuclear fusion and, in IAU usage, which directly orbits a star (or multiple star) and dominates the region of its orbit; specifically, in the case of the Solar system, the eight major bodies of Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. [from 2006]


lexentry: eng/planet_gear__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: planet gear
trans_list: planétaire
sense:
(engineering) An epicyclic gear; the middle gears in a planetary gear system, spun by the central sun gear


lexentry: eng/planetarium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: planetarium
trans_list: planétarium
sense:
A display museum in which images of stars and other astronomical phenomena are projected onto a domed ceiling.


lexentry: eng/planetary_gear__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: planetary gear
trans_list: train planétaire | train épicycloïdal
sense:
A system of gears that has a central gear wheel (sun gear) around which others (planet gears) rotate, often within an outer ring.


lexentry: eng/planetary_nebula__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: planetary nebula
trans_list: nébuleuse planétaire
sense:
(astronomy) A nebulosity surrounding a dying red giant, consisting of material expelled by the star.


lexentry: eng/planetesimal__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: planetesimal
trans_list: planétésimal
sense:
(astronomy) Any of many small, solid astronomical objects that orbit a star and form protoplanets through mutual gravitational attraction.


lexentry: eng/planisphere__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: planisphere
trans_list: planisphère
sense:
(astronomy) Any of several charts of the celestial sphere having an overlay or window that may be adjusted to show the stars visible at a particular time, or from a particular place.


lexentry: eng/planned_obsolescence__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: planned obsolescence
trans_list: obsolescence programmée
sense:
A policy of deliberately planning or designing a product with a limited useful life, so it will become obsolete or nonfunctional after a certain period.


lexentry: eng/planner__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: planner
trans_list: agenda
sense:
A notebook or software in which one keeps reminders of items such as appointments, tasks, projects, and contacts.


lexentry: eng/planning_permission__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: planning permission
trans_list: permis de construire
sense:
(Britain, construction, law) Legal permission granted by a government authority to construct on one's land, or to change the use of the land. [from mid 1940s]


lexentry: eng/plant__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plant
trans_list: plante | herbacée | matériel
sense:
(botany) An organism that is not an animal, especially an organism capable of photosynthesis. Typically a small or herbaceous organism of this kind, rather than a tree.


lexentry: eng/plant__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: plant
trans_list: matériel | végétal | plante
sense:
(botany) An organism of the kingdom Plantae. Now specifically, a living organism of the Embryophyta (land plants) or of the Chlorophyta (green algae), a eukaryote that includes double-membraned chloroplasts in its cells containing chlorophyll a and b, or any organism closely related to such an organism.


lexentry: eng/plant__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: plant
trans_list: végétal | plante
sense:
(ecology) Now specifically, a multicellular eukaryote that includes chloroplasts in its cells, which have a cell wall.


lexentry: eng/plant__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plant
trans_list: planter
sense:
(ambitransitive) To place (a seed or plant) in soil or other substrate in order that it may live and grow.


lexentry: eng/plant__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: plant
trans_list: placer
sense:
(transitive) To place (an object, or sometimes a person), often with the implication of intending deceit.


lexentry: eng/plantain__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plantain
trans_list: plantain
sense:
A plant of the genus Plantago, with a rosette of sessile leaves about 10 cm (4") long with a narrow part instead of a petiole, and with a spike inflorescence with the flower spacing varying widely among the species. See also psyllium.


lexentry: eng/plantation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plantation
trans_list: plantation
sense:
A large farm; estate or area of land designated for agricultural growth. Often includes housing for the owner and workers.


lexentry: eng/planter__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: planter
trans_list: planteur
sense:
Any member of a similar landed class of (often wealthy) farm owners elsewhere, such as plantation owners whose lands are worked by farm workers, wage slaves, or slaves.


lexentry: eng/plantigrade__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plantigrade
trans_list: plantigrade
sense:
(zoology) A plantigrade animal; an animal that walks with the entire sole of the foot on the ground.


lexentry: eng/plaque__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: plaque
trans_list: plaque
sense:
(countable) A piece of flat metal with writing on it, attached to a building, monument, or other structure to remind people of a person or an event.


lexentry: eng/plaque__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: plaque
trans_list: plaque
sense:
(uncountable, dentistry) An accumulation of biofilm, or bacteria, on teeth, which may develop into dental calculus (tartar).


lexentry: eng/plasma_cell__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plasma cell
trans_list: plasmocyte
sense:
(immunology) A form of B cell that produces antibodies after having reacted with its specific antigen in follicle centers.


lexentry: eng/plasma_display__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plasma display
trans_list: écran plasma
sense:
A flat-screen display, for television or personal computers, consisting of a matrix of cells filled with an inert, ionized gas; three cells (red, green and blue) constituting a single pixel


lexentry: eng/plasma_lamp__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plasma lamp
trans_list: lampe à plasma
sense:
A kind of gas-discharge lamp: a clear glass container, often an orb, filled with a mixture of various noble gases at low pressure, and driven by high frequency alternating current at high voltage.


lexentry: eng/plasmid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plasmid
trans_list: plasmide
sense:
(cytology) A loop of double-stranded DNA that is separate from — and replicates independently of — the chromosomes; such loops are most commonly found in bacteria, but they are also sometimes found in archaeans and eukaryotic cells, and they are used in genetic engineering as a vector for gene transfer.


lexentry: eng/plasmodesma__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plasmodesma
trans_list: plasmodesme
sense:
(biology) A microscopic channel traversing the cell walls of plant cells and some algal cells, enabling transport and communication between them.


lexentry: eng/plasmolysis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plasmolysis
trans_list: plasmolyse
sense:
(biology) the shrinking of protoplasm away from the cell wall of a plant or bacterium due to water loss.


lexentry: eng/plasmon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plasmon
trans_list: plasmon
sense:
(physics, astronomy) The quantum of waves produced by the collective effects of large numbers of electrons when disturbed from equilibrium.


lexentry: eng/plasmonic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plasmonic
trans_list: plasmonique
sense:
(physics, nanotechnology) Of or pertaining to plasmons, the quasiparticles resulting from the quantization of plasma oscillations.


lexentry: eng/plaster__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: plaster
trans_list: plâtre | enduit
sense:
(uncountable) A mixture of lime or gypsum, sand, and water, sometimes with the addition of fibres, that hardens to a smooth solid and is used for coating walls and ceilings; render, stucco.


lexentry: eng/plaster_cast__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plaster cast
trans_list: plâtre
sense:
(surgery) A cast made of a stiff material (often plaster of Paris and gauze) in order to immobilize a broken bone for the period of healing.


lexentry: eng/plaster_of_Paris__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plaster of Paris
trans_list: plâtre
sense:
A hemihydrate of calcium sulfate, made by calcining gypsum, that hardens when moistened and allowed to dry; used to make casts, molds and sculpture.


lexentry: eng/plasterboard__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plasterboard
trans_list: placoplâtre
sense:
A construction material consisting of a rigid panel of several layers of fibreboard or paper bonded to a gypsum core.


lexentry: eng/plastic__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: plastic
trans_list: plastique
sense:
(figurative, slang) Insincerity; fakeness; a person who is fake or arrogant, or believes that they are better than the rest of the population; a narcissistic, affected person.


lexentry: eng/plastic_art__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plastic art
trans_list: arts plastiques
sense:
An art form which involves physical manipulation of a three-dimensional medium by moulding or modeling such as sculpture or ceramics.


lexentry: eng/plastic_bag__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plastic bag
trans_list: cornet | sac plastique
sense:
A type of packaging made of thin, flexible, plastic film, starch, or plastic textile, used for containing and transporting food, waste, and consumer goods. (This entry is a translation hub.)


lexentry: eng/plasticizer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plasticizer
trans_list: plastifiant
sense:
Any of various substances added to a material (such as plastic or concrete) in order to make it more pliable.


lexentry: eng/plastid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plastid
trans_list: plaste | plastide
sense:
(cytology) Any of various organelles found in the cells of plants and algae, often used for photosynthesis.


lexentry: eng/plastination__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plastination
trans_list: plastination
sense:
(anatomy) A technique for preserving bodies or body parts by replacing the water and fat with certain plastics.


lexentry: eng/plastron__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plastron
trans_list: plastrão
sense:
The nearly flat part of the shell structure of a tortoise or other animal, similar in composition to the carapace.


lexentry: eng/plate__Noun__1
sense_num: 10
written_rep: plate
trans_list: assiette
sense:
A layer of a material on the surface of something, usually qualified by the type of the material; plating


lexentry: eng/plate__Noun__1
sense_num: 16
written_rep: plate
trans_list: planche
sense:
(printing, publishing) An illustration in a book, either black and white, or colour, usually on a page of paper of different quality from the text pages.


lexentry: eng/plate__Noun__1
sense_num: 17
written_rep: plate
trans_list: dentier
sense:
(dentistry) A shaped and fitted surface, usually ceramic or metal that fits into the mouth and in which teeth are implanted; a dental plate.


lexentry: eng/plate__Noun__1
sense_num: 23
written_rep: plate
trans_list: plaque
sense:
(engineering, electricity) A flat electrode such as can be found in an accumulator battery, or in an electrolysis tank.


lexentry: eng/plateau__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plateau
trans_list: stabiliser | atteindre | plafonner | plateau | stagner
sense:
(intransitive) (of a varying quantity) To reach a stable level after a period of increase; to level off.


lexentry: eng/platelet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: platelet
trans_list: thrombocyte | plaquette
sense:
(hematology, cytology) A small colorless disk-shaped particle found in the blood of mammals, which plays an important role in the formation of blood clots.


lexentry: eng/platen__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: platen
trans_list: plaque
sense:
(printing) The part of a printing press which presses the paper against the type and by which the impression is made.


lexentry: eng/platen__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: platen
trans_list: plaque
sense:
The movable table of a planer or other machine tool, on which the work is fastened, and presented to the action of the tool.


lexentry: eng/platform__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: platform
trans_list: quai | podium | scène
sense:
A raised floor for any purpose, e.g. for workmen during construction, or formerly for military cannon.


lexentry: eng/platform__Noun__1
sense_num: 09
written_rep: platform
trans_list: plateforme | plate-forme
sense:
(computing) Ellipsis of computing platform (“a particular type of operating system or environment such as a database or other specific software, and/or a particular type of computer or microprocessor, used to describe a particular environment for running other software”).


lexentry: eng/platform_edge__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: platform edge
trans_list: bordure du quai
sense:
A special zone at the edge of the metro platform that passengers are not allowed to enter, except when the vehicle stands still and is available for getting in or out.


lexentry: eng/platform_game__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: platform game
trans_list: jeu de platforme
sense:
(video game genre) A video game of the genre characterized by jumping (or otherwise moving) to and from suspended platforms or over obstacles.


lexentry: eng/platinoid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: platinoid
trans_list: platinoïde
sense:
(chemistry) Any of several metals that resemble platinum in their chemistry; especially osmium, iridium and palladium


lexentry: eng/platitude__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: platitude
trans_list: platitude
sense:
(countable) An often-quoted saying that is supposed to be meaningful but has become unoriginal or hackneyed through overuse.


lexentry: eng/platoon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: platoon
trans_list: peloton
sense:
(military) A unit of thirty to forty soldiers typically commanded by a lieutenant and forming part of a company.


lexentry: eng/platter_lift__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: platter lift
trans_list: téléski à perche
sense:
A kind of mechanized ski lift having a segment that the skier/snowboarder straddles in order to ride up the slope.


lexentry: eng/platykurtic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: platykurtic
trans_list: platykurtique
sense:
(statistics) Of a distribution: having kurtosis less than that of a normal distribution; equivalently, having negative excess kurtosis.


lexentry: eng/platykurtosis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: platykurtosis
trans_list: platykurticité
sense:
(statistics) The property of having kurtosis less than that of a normal distribution; equivalently, having negative excess kurtosis.


lexentry: eng/platypus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: platypus
trans_list: ornithorynque
sense:
A semi-aquatic, egg-laying monotreme mammal with a bill resembling that of a duck, that has a mole-like body, a tail resembling that of a beaver, a waterproof pelt, and flat webbed feet – males have poisonous spurs on the inside of the back legs; Ornithorhynchus anatinus.


lexentry: eng/plausibility__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: plausibility
trans_list: probable
sense:
(now in more positive sense) The fact of being believable; believability, credibility. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/plausible_deniability__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plausible deniability
trans_list: déni plausible
sense:
(politics, business, military, espionage) The organization of clandestine activity in such a way that knowledge of its existence may be denied by those in authority.


lexentry: eng/play-acting__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: play-acting
trans_list: comédie
sense:
(figuratively) The act of engaging in pretence or insincere behavior, often in order to mislead someone or gain an advantage.


lexentry: eng/play__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: play
trans_list: jeu
sense:
(uncountable, sports, with certain prepositions, also figurative) The sphere or circumstance in which a playing implement, such as a ball, is available to be played (see also in play, out of play).


lexentry: eng/play__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: play
trans_list: pièce | pièce de théâtre
sense:
(countable) A literary composition, intended to be represented by actors impersonating the characters and speaking the dialogue.


lexentry: eng/play__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: play
trans_list: jouer | amuser
sense:
(intransitive) To act in a manner such that one has fun; to engage in activities expressly for the purpose of recreation or entertainment.


lexentry: eng/play__Verb__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: play
trans_list: jouer | lancer | mettre | reproduire | tourner
sense:
(transitive, of a person) To operate (a device or media) so as to cause sound (especially music) or moving pictures to be produced.


lexentry: eng/play__Verb__1
sense_num: 16
written_rep: play
trans_list: jouer | lancer | mettre | reproduire | tourner
sense:
(AAVE, intransitive) To kid; to joke; to say something for amusement; to act, or to treat something, unseriously.


lexentry: eng/play_by_ear__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: play by ear
trans_list: jouer à l'oreille
sense:
(transitive, and, intransitive, of, music) To play guided by one's musical perception and intuition, rather than from a written score.


lexentry: eng/play_by_ear__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: play by ear
trans_list: improviser
sense:
(transitive, and, intransitive, idiomatic) To do by guessing, intuition, or trial and error; to react to events as they occur, often with risk of negative outcomes; to improvise.


lexentry: eng/play_doctor__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: play doctor
trans_list: jouer au docteur
sense:
(sexuality, usually of minors) To explore or sexually engage with another person's private parts, particularly in the context of roleplay of a medical nature.


lexentry: eng/play_gooseberry__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: play gooseberry
trans_list: tenir la chandelle
sense:
(dated, UK, _, slang) To be an unwanted third party accompanying two lovers, to serve as a chaperon.


lexentry: eng/play_hard_to_get__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: play hard to get
trans_list: faire durer le plaisir | se faire désirer
sense:
(courtship) To be coy; to feign lack of romantic interest in a certain person, so as to force that person to be more overt in expressing interest.


lexentry: eng/play_house__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: play house
trans_list: jouer au papa et à la maman
sense:
(children's games) To pretend to be a family in the household, acting out housekeeping and different family roles.


lexentry: eng/play_with_fire__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: play with fire
trans_list: jouer avec le feu
sense:
(idiomatic) To put oneself in a precarious situation with a high risk of getting harmed, particularly emotionally or financially.


lexentry: eng/playback_singer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: playback singer
trans_list: chanteur de playback | chanteuse de playback
sense:
(singing, cinematography) A singer whose songs are pre-recorded for use in films, especially Bollywood musicals, where actors lip-sync them.


lexentry: eng/playboy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: playboy
trans_list: play-boy | playboy
sense:
A single man, especially a wealthy one, who devotes himself to a life of leisure and pleasure, often sexual, without commitments or responsibilities.


lexentry: eng/playground__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: playground
trans_list: aire de jeux | terrain de jeu | cour de récré | cour de récréation | plaine de jeux
sense:
(outdoors) A large open space for children to play in, usually having dedicated play equipment (such as swings and slides). [1780]


lexentry: eng/playing_card__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: playing card
trans_list: carte à jouer
sense:
(cards) Any of the usually 52 rectangular pieces of card used to play numerous games, featuring either one to 10 pips or a picture and belonging of one of four suits.


lexentry: eng/playing_field__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: playing field
trans_list: terrain
sense:
(figuratively) Any place or context within which competitive activity takes place, such as market competition between companies.


lexentry: eng/playlist__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: playlist
trans_list: liste de lecture | playlist
sense:
(computing) A list of tracks or videos to be played in a particular sequence, as from an audio CD or a streaming service.


lexentry: eng/plea_bargain__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plea bargain
trans_list: négociation de peine
sense:
(US, legal) An agreement in which a defendant agrees to plead guilty to a lesser charge instead of not guilty to a greater one


lexentry: eng/pleach__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pleach
trans_list: plessage | plessis
sense:
An act or result of interweaving; specifically, (horticulture) a hedge or lattice created by interweaving the branches of shrubs, trees, etc.


lexentry: eng/pleach__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pleach
trans_list: plesser
sense:
(transitive) To unite by interweaving, as (horticulture) branches of shrubs, trees, etc., to create a hedge; to interlock, to plash.


lexentry: eng/please_repeat_after_me__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: please repeat after me
trans_list: répétez après moi, s'il vous plaît
sense:
A request for the interlocutor to repeat what the speaker says next. Often used in language training.


lexentry: eng/please_turn_left__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: please turn left
trans_list: tournez à gauche, s'il vous plaît
sense:
When giving directions to a person (for example, a taxi driver), indicates that he or she should turn left.


lexentry: eng/please_turn_right__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: please turn right
trans_list: tournez à droite, s'il vous plaît
sense:
When giving directions to a person (for example, a taxi driver), indicates that he or she should turn right.


lexentry: eng/pleasure_principle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pleasure principle
trans_list: principe de plaisir
sense:
(psychology, psychoanalysis, Freudianism) The principle that human decisions and behavior are strongly motivated by the instinctual desire of the id, arising in infancy, to experience pleasure and avoid pain.


lexentry: eng/pleat__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pleat
trans_list: pli
sense:
(sewing) A fold in the fabric of a garment, usually a skirt, as a part of the design of the garment, with the purpose of adding controlled fullness and freedom of movement, or taking up excess fabric. There are many types of pleats, differing in their construction and appearance.


lexentry: eng/plebiscite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plebiscite
trans_list: plébiscite
sense:
(law, politics) A direct popular vote on an issue of public importance, such as an amendment to the constitution, a change in the sovereignty of the nation, or some government policy.


lexentry: eng/plebiscitum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plebiscitum
trans_list: plébiscite
sense:
(Ancient Rome) A law enacted by the plebs, under the superintendence of a tribune or some subordinate plebeian magistrate, without the senate's intervention.


lexentry: eng/plectrum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plectrum
trans_list: plectre | médiator | onglet | pick
sense:
(music) A small piece of plastic, metal, ivory, etc., for plucking the strings of a guitar, lyre, mandolin, etc.


lexentry: eng/plenary_indulgence__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plenary indulgence
trans_list: indulgence plénière
sense:
(Roman Catholicism) An indulgence that remits all of a person’s sins, and thus the whole of their time in purgatory.


lexentry: eng/plenipotentiary__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plenipotentiary
trans_list: plénipotentiaire
sense:
A person invested with full powers, especially as the diplomatic agent of a sovereign state, (originally) charged with handling a certain matter. [from c. 1645]


lexentry: eng/pleonasm__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pleonasm
trans_list: pléonasme
sense:
(countable) A phrase involving pleonasm; a phrase containing one or more words which are redundant because their meaning is expressed elsewhere in the phrase.


lexentry: eng/pleophony__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pleophony
trans_list: pléophonie
sense:
(phonology) The phenomenon by which the Late Proto-Slavic "liquid diphthongs", formed from a vowel followed by a liquid *r or *l, become disyllabic -oro-, -ere- and -olo- reflexes in East Slavic languages.


lexentry: eng/pleroma__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pleroma
trans_list: plérôme
sense:
(Christianity) A state of perfect fullness, especially of God's being as incarnated in Jesus Christ.


lexentry: eng/pleroma__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pleroma
trans_list: plérôme
sense:
(Gnosticism, historical) Often preceded by the: the spiritual universe seen as the totality of the essence and powers of God.


lexentry: eng/plesiosaur__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plesiosaur
trans_list: plésiosaure
sense:
Any of the order †Plesiosauria of extinct marine reptiles, from the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods. [from c. 1840]


lexentry: eng/pleura__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pleura
trans_list: plèvre
sense:
(anatomy) Each of a pair of smooth serous membranes which line the thorax and envelop the lungs in humans and other mammals.


lexentry: eng/plexiglass__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plexiglass
trans_list: plexiglas
sense:
polymethyl methacrylate (polymer of methyl methacrylate), a tough transparent plastic used sometimes in lieu of glass.


lexentry: eng/pleximeter__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pleximeter
trans_list: plessimétre
sense:
(medicine) Something used to absorb the energy generated by the strike from a percussion hammer, during medical percussion. Usually this is simply the doctor's hand.


lexentry: eng/plicate__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plicate
trans_list: plicaturé | plissé
sense:
(biology) Folded multiple times lengthwise like a fan, usually lending stiffness to a flat structure such as a leaf; corrugated; pleated.


lexentry: eng/pliers__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pliers
trans_list: pince | pinces
sense:
A pincer-like gripping tool that multiplies the strength of the user's hand, often used for bending things.


lexentry: eng/plimsoll__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plimsoll
trans_list: tennis
sense:
(UK, Irish) A rubber-soled lace-up canvas shoe for sports or onboard ships; a precursor of trainers.


lexentry: eng/plodder__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: plodder
trans_list: bâilleur | bâilleuse
sense:
A person who works slowly, making a great effort with little result; a person who studies laboriously.


lexentry: eng/plosion__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plosion
trans_list: plosion
sense:
(phonetics) Pronunciation of a consonant that is characterised by completely blocking the flow of air through the mouth.


lexentry: eng/plot__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plot
trans_list: intrigue | trame
sense:
(narratology) The course of a story, comprising a series of incidents which are gradually unfolded, sometimes by unexpected means. [from 1640s]


lexentry: eng/plot__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: plot
trans_list: complot
sense:
A secret plan to achieve an end, the end or means usually being illegal or otherwise questionable. [from 1580s]


lexentry: eng/plot_hole__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plot hole
trans_list: intriguérence
sense:
(authorship) A gap or inconsistency in a storyline that goes against the flow of logic established by the story's plot.


lexentry: eng/plot_twist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plot twist
trans_list: coup de théâtre | rebondissement | retournement de situation
sense:
A change in the direction or expected outcome of the plot of a film, novel, or other narrative work.


lexentry: eng/plotter__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: plotter
trans_list: traceur
sense:
(computing) An output device that draws graphs and other pictorial images on paper, sometimes using attached pens.


lexentry: eng/plough__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plough
trans_list: charrue | araire
sense:
(agriculture) A device pulled through the ground in order to break it open into furrows for planting.


lexentry: eng/plough__Verb__1
sense_num: 08
written_rep: plough
trans_list: labourer
sense:
(joinery) To cut a groove in, as in a plank, or the edge of a board; especially, a rectangular groove to receive the end of a shelf or tread, the edge of a panel, a tongue, etc.


lexentry: eng/pluck__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: pluck
trans_list: pincer
sense:
(transitive, music) To play (a single string on a musical instrument) by pulling and then releasing it, such as on a guitar.


lexentry: eng/plug__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plug
trans_list: fiche
sense:
(electricity) A pronged connecting device which fits into a mating socket, especially an electrical one.


lexentry: eng/plug__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: plug
trans_list: faire la promo | faire la pub
sense:
(transitive) To promote (something, especially a product or service); to mention (something) as if promoting or advertising it.


lexentry: eng/plum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plum
trans_list: prune
sense:
An edible, fleshy stone fruit of Prunus domestica (European plum), often of a dark red or purple colour. [from 8th c.]


lexentry: eng/plum__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: plum
trans_list: meilleur morceau
sense:
A desirable or choice thing of its kind; a prize selection; a choice appointment, assignment etc. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/plumage__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plumage
trans_list: plumage | pennage | plume | plumée
sense:
(ornithology, collective noun) Layer or collection of feathers covering a bird’s body; feathers used ornamentally; feathering.


lexentry: eng/plumb__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plumb
trans_list: balle
sense:
A little mass of lead, or the like, attached to a line, and used by builders, etc., to indicate a vertical direction.


lexentry: eng/plumber's_snake__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plumber's snake
trans_list: furet | vrille à déboucher
sense:
A long, flexible tool, often with rotating blades at its forward end, which is inserted into a plumbing pipe system and used to remove clogs or other obstructions.


lexentry: eng/plumber__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: plumber
trans_list: plombier | homme à pipe | tuyauteur
sense:
One who furnishes, fits, and repairs pipes and other apparatus for the conveyance of water, gas, or drainage.


lexentry: eng/plumbing__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plumbing
trans_list: plomberie | tuyauterie
sense:
The pipes, together with the joints, tanks, stopcocks, taps, and other fixtures of a water, gas, or sewage system in a house or other building.


lexentry: eng/plumbing__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: plumbing
trans_list: plombage
sense:
(countable) A Murasugi sum where each disk summed along has its boundary subdivided into four segments.


lexentry: eng/plumbism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plumbism
trans_list: saturnisme | colique de plomb
sense:
(medicine) A diseased condition, produced by the absorption of lead, common among workers in this metal or in its compounds, as among painters, typesetters, etc. Symptoms include lead colic, lead line, and wrist drop.


lexentry: eng/plume__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plume
trans_list: plume
sense:
(archaic, literary, and, poetic) A feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration.


lexentry: eng/plume__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: plume
trans_list: panache | plumet
sense:
(archaic, literary, and, poetic) A cluster of feathers worn as an ornament, especially on a helmet; a hackle.


lexentry: eng/plume__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: plume
trans_list: plumet
sense:
(botany) A large and flexible panicle of an inflorescence resembling a feather, such as is seen in certain large ornamental grasses.


lexentry: eng/plume__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: plume
trans_list: panache
sense:
(geology) Ellipsis of mantle plume (“an upwelling of abnormally hot molten material from the Earth's mantle which spreads sideways when it reaches the lithosphere”).


lexentry: eng/plume__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: plume
trans_list: panache
sense:
The furry tail of certain dog breeds (such as the Samoyed) that curls over their backs or stands erect.


lexentry: eng/plummet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plummet
trans_list: fil à plomb
sense:
(archaic, nautical) A piece of lead attached to a line, used in sounding the depth of water; a plumb bob or a plumb line.


lexentry: eng/plunge__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: plunge
trans_list: plonger | précipiter
sense:
(figuratively, transitive) To cast, stab or throw deep and fast into some thing, state, condition or action.


lexentry: eng/pluperfect_tense__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pluperfect tense
trans_list: plus-que-parfait
sense:
(grammar, of a verb) Tense of a verb used when referring to something that happened before a past setting or the imperfect; formed in English by adding had before the past participle of a verb, or by adding had been before the present participle of the verb.


lexentry: eng/plural__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plural
trans_list: pluriel
sense:
(grammar, uncountable) The plural number. In English, referring to more or less than one of something.


lexentry: eng/plural__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: plural
trans_list: pluriel
sense:
(grammar, countable) A word in the form in which it potentially refers to something other than one person or thing; and other than two things if the language has a dual form.


lexentry: eng/plurale_tantum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plurale tantum
trans_list: plurale tantum
sense:
(grammar) A noun (either in certain of its senses or in all its senses) that does not generally have a singular form.


lexentry: eng/pluralism__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: pluralism
trans_list: pluralisme
sense:
(sociology) A social system that permits smaller groups within a society to maintain their individual cultural identities.


lexentry: eng/plus_sign__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plus sign
trans_list: plus | signe plus
sense:
(arithmetic) The symbol + used to denote the operation of addition, to indicate that a number is positive, and so on.


lexentry: eng/plutonium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plutonium
trans_list: plutonium
sense:
The transuranic chemical element with atomic number 94 and symbol Pu: a silvery-gray fissile radioactive actinide metal that tarnishes when exposed to air.


lexentry: eng/pluviograph__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pluviograph
trans_list: pluviographe
sense:
An instrument for measuring the amount of water that has fallen (i.e. a rain gauge), with a feature to register the data in real time to demonstrate rainfall over a short period, often an automated graphing instrument.


lexentry: eng/ply__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ply
trans_list: plier
sense:
(transitive, obsolete) To bend; to fold; to mould; (figuratively) to adapt, to modify; to change (a person's) mind, to cause (a person) to submit.


lexentry: eng/pneumatocyst__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pneumatocyst
trans_list: aérocyste | pneumatocyste
sense:
(marine biology) A sac or other structure containing air and used for flotation by a marine organism, chiefly used in reference to those of kelps and siphonophores.


lexentry: eng/pneumococcus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pneumococcus
trans_list: pneumocoque
sense:
A gram-positive bacterium, Streptococcus pneumoniae, that causes pneumonia and other infectious diseases


lexentry: eng/pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis
trans_list: pneumonoultramicroscopiquesilicovolcanoconiose
sense:
(nonce) A disease of the lungs, allegedly caused by inhaling microscopic silicate particles originating from the eruption of a volcano.


lexentry: eng/pneumothorax__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pneumothorax
trans_list: pneumothorax
sense:
(medicine) Presence of air inside the pleural cavity, usually caused by injury either to the lung or the chest wall.


lexentry: eng/pnictogen__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pnictogen
trans_list: pnictogène
sense:
(chemistry) Any element from group 15 of the periodic table, which includes nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony and bismuth.


lexentry: eng/po-faced__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: po-faced
trans_list: acariâtre
sense:
(British) Wearing a particularly stern and disapproving expression; humourless; priggish. [from 1930s]


lexentry: eng/poach__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: poach
trans_list: pocher
sense:
(transitive) To cook (something) in simmering or very hot liquid (usually water; sometimes wine, broth, or otherwise).


lexentry: eng/poach__Verb__2
sense_num: 05
written_rep: poach
trans_list: débaucher | détourner
sense:
(business, ambitransitive) To entice (an employee or customer) to switch from a competing company to one's own.


lexentry: eng/poacher__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: poacher
trans_list: braconnier | braconnière
sense:
A person who trespasses in order to take game illegally, one who poaches; a person who illegally takes animals or plants from the wild.


lexentry: eng/pocket__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pocket
trans_list: empocher
sense:
(billiards, snooker, pool) To cause a ball to go into one of the pockets of the table; to complete a shot.


lexentry: eng/pocket_call__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pocket call
trans_list: appel de poche
sense:
An unintentional telephone call made from a cell phone in one's (pants/trouser) pocket due to body movement.


lexentry: eng/podcast__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: podcast
trans_list: podcast | balado
sense:
A program, especially an audio program, produced on a regular basis, delivered over the Internet in a compressed digital format and designed for playback on computers or portable devices such as mobile phones. [from early 21st c.]


lexentry: eng/podiatrist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: podiatrist
trans_list: podologue
sense:
(medicine) A health care practitioner who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of foot ailments.


lexentry: eng/podium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: podium
trans_list: podium
sense:
A platform on which to stand, as when conducting an orchestra or preaching at a pulpit; any low platform or dais.


lexentry: eng/podium__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: podium
trans_list: podium
sense:
(sports, and, other competitions) A steepled platform upon which the three competitors with the best results may stand when being handed their medals or prize.


lexentry: eng/poetic_justice__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: poetic justice
trans_list: justice immanente
sense:
(by extension, generally) The fact of someone experiencing what they deserve for their actions, especially when this happens in an ironic manner.


lexentry: eng/poetic_licence__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: poetic licence
trans_list: licence poétique
sense:
Any departure from convention or from factual accuracy taken by a writer to achieve a desired effect.


lexentry: eng/poetry__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: poetry
trans_list: poésie
sense:
(figurative) An artistic quality that appeals to or evokes the emotions, in any medium; something having such a quality.


lexentry: eng/pogo_stick__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pogo stick
trans_list: bâton sauteur
sense:
A toy, used for hopping up and down on, consisting of a pole with a T-bar handle at one end, and spring-loaded footpads on the other.


lexentry: eng/poinsettia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: poinsettia
trans_list: poinsettia | étoile de Noël
sense:
A plant, Euphorbia pulcherrima, with rather small and insignificant flowers surrounded by large bright red leaves; native to Mexico and Central America and widely cultivated as a garden plant.


lexentry: eng/point-blank__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: point-blank
trans_list: de but en blanc | à bout portant
sense:
(ballistics) The distance between a firearm and a target where a projectile in flight is expected to strike the centre of the target without adjusting the elevation of the firearm.


lexentry: eng/point-to-point__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: point-to-point
trans_list: point à point
sense:
(telecommunications) Employing a simple network topology with a dedicated link between two endpoints.


lexentry: eng/point__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: point
trans_list: point
sense:
(mathematics, science) A zero-dimensional mathematical object representing a location in one or more dimensions; something considered to have position but no magnitude or direction. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/point__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: point
trans_list: point
sense:
Each of the marks or strokes written above letters, especially in Semitic languages, to indicate vowels, stress etc. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/point__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: point
trans_list: virgule | avis | opinion | point de vue
sense:
(automotive, mostly, in the plural) Either of the two metal surfaces in a distributor which close or open to allow or prevent the flow of current through the ignition coil. There is usually a moving point, pushed by the distributor cam, and a fixed point, and they are built together as a unit.


lexentry: eng/point__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: point
trans_list: point
sense:
(typography) a unit of measure equal to 1/12 of a pica, or approximately 1/72 of an inch (exactly 1/72 of an inch in the digital era). [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/point__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: point
trans_list: case | flèche
sense:
(backgammon) Each of the twelve triangular positions in either table of a backgammon board, on which the stones are played. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/point__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: point
trans_list: point
sense:
(heraldry) One of the "corners" of the escutcheon: the base (bottom center) unless a qualifier is added (point dexter, point dexter base, point sinister, point sinister base), generally when separately tinctured. (Compare terrace, point champaine, enté en point.) This is sometimes blazoned argent, four points gules; otherwise, it is vêtu.


lexentry: eng/point__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: point
trans_list: indiquer | pointer | montrer
sense:
(intransitive) To extend the index finger in the direction of something in order to show where it is or to draw attention to it.


lexentry: eng/point_blank__Adverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: point blank
trans_list: à bout portant
sense:
Horizontally (as the angle at which a projectile is launched); directly or straight (at the target).


lexentry: eng/point_guard__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: point guard
trans_list: meneur
sense:
(basketball) A guard who is usually the shortest of the five basketball positions, and specializes in handling the ball, distributing it to the other players and generally running the team's offense.


lexentry: eng/point_of_inflection__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: point of inflection
trans_list: point d’inflexion
sense:
(mathematics) A point on a curve at which the sign of the curvature changes; at this point the second derivative of the underlying function will be zero, but positive on one side and negative on the other.


lexentry: eng/point_of_interest__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: point of interest
trans_list: point d'intérêt
sense:
A location that is worth visiting because it is a tourist attraction or the base for some type of service such as a restaurant or shop.


lexentry: eng/point_of_no_return__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: point of no return
trans_list: point de non-retour
sense:
(aviation) The point in an aircraft's flight when there is insufficient fuel to reverse direction and return to the place of origin.


lexentry: eng/point_of_sale__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: point of sale
trans_list: caisse | point de vente
sense:
(retail) The location at which payment for goods is made in an establishment that sells goods or services.


lexentry: eng/point_out__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: point out
trans_list: pointer
sense:
(transitive, idiomatic) To identify among a group of similar subjects, or in a scene where the subject might not be readily seen or noticed, with a gesture of the body.


lexentry: eng/pointer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pointer
trans_list: pointeur | aiguille
sense:
A needlelike component of a timepiece or measuring device that indicates the time or the current reading of the device.


lexentry: eng/points__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: points
trans_list: aiguille
sense:
(rail transport, UK, Ireland, Commonwealth) Movable rails which can be used to switch a train from one railway track to another.


lexentry: eng/poison_ivy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: poison ivy
trans_list: herbe à puce | sumac vénéneux
sense:
Any of three ivy-like species of Toxicodendron, known for their ability to cause an itching rash and blistering for most people, through urushiol, an oil that is a skin irritant.


lexentry: eng/poisoned_chalice__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: poisoned chalice
trans_list: cadeau empoisonné | tunique de Nessus
sense:
(idiomatic) Something which is initially regarded as advantageous but which is later recognized to be disadvantageous or harmful; an apparently beneficial or benign instrument or scheme for causing death or harm.


lexentry: eng/poker__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: poker
trans_list: tisonnier
sense:
A metal rod, generally of wrought iron, for adjusting the burning logs or coals in a fire; a firestick. [from earlier 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/poker_face__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: poker face
trans_list: l’air de rien
sense:
(poker) An impassive facial expression cultivated to prevent other players from determining whether one's actions in the game are the result of a quality hand, or of bluffing.


lexentry: eng/polar__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polar
trans_list: polaire
sense:
(geography) Of, relating to, measured from, or referred to a geographic pole (the North Pole or South Pole); within the Arctic or Antarctic circles.


lexentry: eng/polar__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polar
trans_list: polaire
sense:
(mathematics) Of a coordinate system, specifying the location of a point in a plane by using a radius and an angle.


lexentry: eng/polar_bear__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polar bear
trans_list: ours blanc | ours polaire
sense:
A hypercarnivorous species of bear, Ursus maritimus, whose native range lies largely within the Arctic Circle.


lexentry: eng/polar_circle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polar circle
trans_list: cercle polaire
sense:
(geography) Either of the two parallels of the Earth located at the latitude of 66° 33′ 44″ N and 66° 33′ 44″ S.


lexentry: eng/polar_coordinates__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: polar coordinates
trans_list: coordonnées polaires
sense:
(mathematics) The coordinates of a point in three-dimensional space, measured as its Cartesian distance from the origin, the angle measured from the z-axis to a line joining the point to the origin, and the angle measured counterclockwise from the x-axis to this line.


lexentry: eng/polar_night__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polar night
trans_list: nuit polaire
sense:
A period of continual darkness that occurs in winter in the polar regions of Earth, during which the sun never rises above the horizon.


lexentry: eng/polar_vortex__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polar vortex
trans_list: tourbillon polaire | vortex polaire
sense:
A large-scale cyclone located in the middle and upper troposphere and stratosphere that surround the polar highs and lay in the wake of the polar front.


lexentry: eng/polariton__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polariton
trans_list: polariton
sense:
(physics) Any of a class of quasiparticles comprising elements of electromagnetic waves and excited states of matter.


lexentry: eng/polarity__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: polarity
trans_list: polarité
sense:
(chemistry) The dipole-dipole intermolecular forces between the slightly positively-charged end of one molecule to the negative end of another or the same molecule. Wp


lexentry: eng/polarization__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polarization
trans_list: polarisation
sense:
(chemistry, physics) The separation of positive and negative charges in a nucleus, atom, molecule or system.


lexentry: eng/polarization__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polarization
trans_list: polarisation
sense:
(physics) The production of polarized light; the direction in which the electric field of an electromagnetic wave points.


lexentry: eng/polaron__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polaron
trans_list: polaron
sense:
(physics) The object (a quasiparticle) that results when an electron (or hole) in the conduction band of a crystalline insulator or semiconductor polarizes the lattice in its vicinity.


lexentry: eng/pole__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pole
trans_list: perche
sense:
Originally, a stick; now specifically, a long and slender piece of metal or (especially) wood, used for various construction or support purposes.


lexentry: eng/pole__Noun__2
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pole
trans_list: pôle
sense:
A point of magnetic focus, especially each of the two opposing such points of a magnet (designated north and south).


lexentry: eng/pole__Noun__2
sense_num: 03
written_rep: pole
trans_list: pôle
sense:
(figuratively, by extension) Any of a small set of extremes; especially, either of two extremes that are possible or available.


lexentry: eng/pole__Noun__2
sense_num: 05
written_rep: pole
trans_list: pôle
sense:
(electricity) A contact on an electrical device (such as a battery) at which electric current enters or leaves.


lexentry: eng/pole__Noun__2
sense_num: 06
written_rep: pole
trans_list: pôle
sense:
(complex analysis) For a meromorphic function f(z), any point a for which f(z) \rightarrow \infty as z \rightarrow a.


lexentry: eng/pole_position__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pole position
trans_list: pole position | position de tête
sense:
(motor racing) The top qualifying position for a race, on the inside of the front row at the starting line.


lexentry: eng/pole_star__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pole star
trans_list: étoile polaire
sense:
(star) The star visible to the naked eye which was in the past, is now, or will be in the future nearest a celestial pole of a planet.


lexentry: eng/pole_vault__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pole vault
trans_list: saut à la perche
sense:
(athletics) a jumping event contested in track and field which requires an athlete to carry a fiberglass pole down a runway, plant the pole into a vaulting box and vault over a fiberglass bar, landing on a matted pit


lexentry: eng/polearm__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polearm
trans_list: arme d'hast
sense:
A close-quarter combat weapon with the main fighting part of the weapon placed on the end of a long shaft, typically of wood.


lexentry: eng/polemical__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polemical
trans_list: polémique
sense:
(somewhat, _, derogative) Prone to causing disputes; inclined to causing the expression of opposing opinions, disputatious, contentious, edgy.


lexentry: eng/polenta__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polenta
trans_list: poleinte
sense:
Any of various types and consistencies of a starchy accompaniment to a meal made from coarse maize-meal porridge, sometimes fried or grilled.


lexentry: eng/police__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: police
trans_list: police | gendarmerie
sense:
(North America, &, _, historical) A department of local (usually municipal) government responsible for general law enforcement.


lexentry: eng/police_brutality__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: police brutality
trans_list: brutalité policière | violence policière
sense:
The use of excessive, unjustified force, typically of a physical nature, but also including verbal abuse and psychological intimidation, by a police officer while carrying out, or under the cover of carrying out, law enforcement duties.


lexentry: eng/police_court__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: police court
trans_list: tribunal de police
sense:
(historical, _, in UK, law) A court of justice for trying minor criminal cases brought before it by the police, often in summary proceedings.


lexentry: eng/police_procedural__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: police procedural
trans_list: roman policier
sense:
A subgenre of crime fiction which portrays the activities of a police force as they investigate crimes. Unlike in other types of crime fiction, the perpetrator may be known at the outset of the story.


lexentry: eng/police_state__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: police state
trans_list: État policier
sense:
(usually, pejorative) A polity whose government exercises strict and repressive control of the people.


lexentry: eng/police_station__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: police station
trans_list: hôtel de police | poste de police | bureau de police | commissariat de police | office de police
sense:
A building serving as the headquarters of a branch of the police force, and sometimes as a temporary place of confinement for offenders.


lexentry: eng/policy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: policy
trans_list: politique
sense:
A principle of behaviour, conduct which an entity (government, organization, etc.) applies or seeks to follow, especially as formally expressed by an authoritative body. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/policy__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: policy
trans_list: politique
sense:
Wise, advantageous, or politic conduct; prudence, formerly also with connotations of craftiness. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/poliomyelitis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: poliomyelitis
trans_list: poliomyélite | polio
sense:
(pathology) Acute infection by the poliovirus, especially of the motor neurons in the spinal cord and brainstem, leading to muscle weakness, paralysis and sometimes deformity.


lexentry: eng/politburo__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: politburo
trans_list: politburo | bureau politique
sense:
(communism, Marxism) The governing council and chief policymaking body of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and other Marxist-Leninist political systems.


lexentry: eng/political__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: political
trans_list: politique
sense:
(pejorative) Motivated, especially inappropriately, by political (electoral; or, more generally, power, standing, influence or conflict) calculation.


lexentry: eng/political__Adjective__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: political
trans_list: politique
sense:
Of or relating to views about social relationships that involve power, standing, influence or conflict.


lexentry: eng/political_asylum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: political asylum
trans_list: asile politique
sense:
The protection, by a sovereign state, of a person who is persecuted in their own country for their political opinions or activity


lexentry: eng/political_economy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: political economy
trans_list: économie politique
sense:
(economics, politics) Interdisciplinary studies drawing upon economics, law, and political science in explaining how political institutions, the political environment, and the economic system — capitalist, socialist, mixed, and so on — influence each other.


lexentry: eng/political_opposition__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: political opposition
trans_list: opposition
sense:
A recognized political party or group of parties in multiparty political systems that is present in Parliament or some other legislative body and does not control the floor (usually due to being in the minority).


lexentry: eng/political_party__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: political party
trans_list: parti | parti politique
sense:
A political organization that subscribes to a certain ideology and seeks to attain political power through representation in government.


lexentry: eng/political_system__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: political system
trans_list: système politique
sense:
A complete set of institutions, political organizations, interest groups (such as political parties, trade unions, lobby groups), the relationships between those institutions and the political norms and rules that govern their functions (constitution, election law).


lexentry: eng/politico__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: politico
trans_list: politicard
sense:
(colloquial, often, _, derogatory) Someone involved in the professional life of a politician or a political campaign to varying degrees.


lexentry: eng/polity__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: polity
trans_list: politie
sense:
(political science, countable) A politically organized unit, especially a nation of people, a class or ingroup that governs it, or the state ruled thereby.


lexentry: eng/pollard__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pollard
trans_list: trogne
sense:
(horticulture) To prune a tree heavily, cutting branches back to the trunk, so that it produces dense new growth.


lexentry: eng/pollen_tube__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pollen tube
trans_list: tube pollinique
sense:
(botany) The tube that develops from the wall of a pollen grain and, in seed plants, provides a passage through which the male nuclei reach the embryo sac to effect fertilization.


lexentry: eng/pollination__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pollination
trans_list: pollinisation
sense:
(botany) The transfer of pollen from an anther to a stigma; effected by insects, birds, bats and the wind etc.


lexentry: eng/polling_station__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polling station
trans_list: bureau de vote
sense:
(Britain, Canada, Australia) a place where voters go to cast their ballot in an election or referendum; a voting station


lexentry: eng/pollute__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pollute
trans_list: polluer
sense:
(transitive) To make something or somewhere less suitable for some activity, especially by the introduction of some unnatural factor.


lexentry: eng/pollution__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pollution
trans_list: pollution
sense:
Physical contamination, now especially the contamination of the environment by harmful substances, or by disruptive levels of noise, light etc. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/pollution__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: pollution
trans_list: pollution
sense:
(now, archaic) The ejaculation of semen outside of sexual intercourse, especially a nocturnal emission. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/polo__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polo
trans_list: polo
sense:
(uncountable) A ball game where two teams of players on horseback use long-handled mallets to propel the ball along the ground and into their opponent's goal.


lexentry: eng/polo_shirt__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polo shirt
trans_list: polo
sense:
A casual, usually short-sleeved, shirt with a protruding collar and a small number of buttons extending a short distance below the collar (and not all the way down the front of the shirt).


lexentry: eng/poltergeist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: poltergeist
trans_list: poltergeist | esprit frappeur
sense:
(parapsychology) An unseen ghost which makes noises and causes disruption, especially by causing physical objects to move or fly about.


lexentry: eng/polyamide__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polyamide
trans_list: polyamide
sense:
(organic chemistry) Any of a range of polymers containing amide (or peptide) repeat units; examples include proteins and nylon.


lexentry: eng/polyamorous__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polyamorous
trans_list: polyamoureux
sense:
Having relationships with multiple partners, with the knowledge and consent of all involved; engaging in polyamory.


lexentry: eng/polyamory__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polyamory
trans_list: polyamour
sense:
Any of various practices involving romantic or sexual relationships with multiple partners with the knowledge and consent of all involved.


lexentry: eng/polyandry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polyandry
trans_list: polyandrie
sense:
The having of a plurality of husbands at the same time; usually, the marriage of a woman to more than one man, or the practice of having several husbands, at the same time.


lexentry: eng/polycarbonate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polycarbonate
trans_list: polycarbonate
sense:
(chemistry) Any of a range of polymers of aromatic carbonates; they are used to make light, flexible alternatives to glass. Abbreviation: PC


lexentry: eng/polychete__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polychete
trans_list: polychète
sense:
Any of many annelid worms, of the class Polychaeta, such as the lugworm; they have a segmented body with pairs of bristles on each segment.


lexentry: eng/polychoric__Adjective__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polychoric
trans_list: polychorique
sense:
(statistics) Of or pertaining to the relationship between two latent variables, each assumed to have a normal distribution and associated with an ordinal variable.


lexentry: eng/polycondensation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polycondensation
trans_list: polycondensation
sense:
(chemistry) Any condensation reaction, of a monomer having two functional groups, which leads to the formation of a polymer (a polycondensate).


lexentry: eng/polycyclic_aromatic_hydrocarbon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon
trans_list: hydrocarbure aromatique polycyclique
sense:
(organic chemistry) Any of a class of organic compounds composed of multiple aromatic rings, many of which are found in coal and in oil deposits, and are produced by the combustion of organic matter.


lexentry: eng/polycystic_ovary_syndrome__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polycystic ovary syndrome
trans_list: syndrome de Stein-Leventhal
sense:
(medicine) A syndrome characterised by polycystic ovaries, menstrual disturbance, and high levels of androgens or insulin.


lexentry: eng/polycythemia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polycythemia
trans_list: polycythémie | polyglobulie
sense:
(disease) A rare disorder in which the bone marrow produces an abnormally large amount of blood cells, often red blood cells.


lexentry: eng/polydactyly__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polydactyly
trans_list: polydactylie | polydactylisme
sense:
(medicine, teratology) A congenital condition in which a person or animal has more than the usual number of digits (fingers or toes) on at least one of their hands or feet.


lexentry: eng/polyene__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polyene
trans_list: polyène
sense:
(chemistry) An organic compound containing several double bonds, especially one containing a sequence of many alternating single and double bonds


lexentry: eng/polyethism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polyethism
trans_list: polyéthisme
sense:
The presence of different work activities among different members of an insect community, or at different times in an insect's life


lexentry: eng/polyethylene__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polyethylene
trans_list: polyéthylène | polyméthylène | polyéthène
sense:
(organic compound) A polymer consisting of many ethylene monomers bonded together; used for kitchenware, containers etc.


lexentry: eng/polyethylene_terephthalate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polyethylene terephthalate
trans_list: polytéréphtalate d'éthylène | PET | polyéthylène téréphtalate
sense:
(organic compound) A thermoplastic resin of the polyester family used particularly in the manufacture of plastic bottles (PET) and fabrics (Terylene).


lexentry: eng/polygamy__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: polygamy
trans_list: polygamie
sense:
(often, especially in common use) Synonym of polygyny (“marriage of a man to more than one wife, the practice of having several wives at the same time”).


lexentry: eng/polyglot__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: polyglot
trans_list: polyglotte
sense:
Containing, or made up of, several languages; specifically, of a book (especially a bible): having text translated into several languages.


lexentry: eng/polyglot__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polyglot
trans_list: polyglotte
sense:
A publication in several languages; specifically, a book (especially a bible) containing several versions of the same subject matter or text in several languages.


lexentry: eng/polygon_mesh__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polygon mesh
trans_list: maillage | paillage polygonal
sense:
(computer graphics) A collection of vertices, edges and faces that defines the shape of a polyhedral object.


lexentry: eng/polygyny__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polygyny
trans_list: polygynie
sense:
The state or practice of having several wives at the same time; plurality of wives; marriage to several wives.


lexentry: eng/polylectic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polylectic
trans_list: polylectique
sense:
(entomology) Of or relating to an insect (especially a bee) which collects pollen from the flowers of a variety of unrelated plants.


lexentry: eng/polymer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polymer
trans_list: polymère
sense:
(organic chemistry) A long or larger molecule consisting of a chain or network of many repeating units, formed by chemically bonding together many identical or similar small molecules called monomers. A polymer is formed by polymerization, the joining of many monomer molecules.


lexentry: eng/polymerase__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polymerase
trans_list: polymérase
sense:
(enzyme) Any of various enzymes that catalyze the formation of polymers of DNA or RNA using an existing strand of RNA or DNA respectively as a template.


lexentry: eng/polymerase_chain_reaction__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polymerase chain reaction
trans_list: réaction en chaîne par polymérase
sense:
(genetics, molecular biology, organic chemistry) A technique in molecular biology for creating multiple copies of DNA from a sample; used in genetic fingerprinting etc.


lexentry: eng/polymerization__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polymerization
trans_list: polymérisation
sense:
(organic chemistry) The chemical process, normally with the aid of a catalyst, to form a polymer by bonding together multiple identical units (monomers).


lexentry: eng/polymethyl_methacrylate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polymethyl methacrylate
trans_list: polyméthacrylate de méthyle
sense:
(organic compound) A thermoplastic transparent plastic manufactured by the polymerization of methyl methacrylate, often used in place of glass - it being lighter, softer and not shattering on impact.


lexentry: eng/polymethyl_methyacrylate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polymethyl methyacrylate
trans_list: plexiglas
sense:
(chemistry) A tough, transparent thermoplastic polymer of methyl methyacrylate; it is used as a substitute for glass under the proprietary names of Perspex, Plexiglass and Lucite


lexentry: eng/polymicrogyria__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polymicrogyria
trans_list: polymicrogyrie
sense:
(pathology) A deformity of the brain such that it has an excessive number of small folds, causing mental retardation.


lexentry: eng/polymorphism__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: polymorphism
trans_list: polymorphisme
sense:
(biology) The coexistence, in the same locality, of two or more distinct forms independent of sex, not connected by intermediate gradations, but produced from common parents.


lexentry: eng/polymorphism__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: polymorphism
trans_list: polymorphisme
sense:
(object-oriented programming) A feature pertaining to the dynamic treatment of data elements based on their type, allowing for a method to have several definitions.


lexentry: eng/polymorphism__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: polymorphism
trans_list: polymorphisme
sense:
(mathematics, type theory) The property of certain typed formal systems of allowing for the use of type variables and binders/quantifiers over those type variables; likewise, the property of certain expressions (within such typed formal systems) of making use of at least one such typed variable.


lexentry: eng/polymorphism__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: polymorphism
trans_list: polymorphisme
sense:
(crystallography) The ability of a solid material to exist in more than one form or crystal structure; pleomorphism.


lexentry: eng/polymorphism__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: polymorphism
trans_list: polymorphisme
sense:
(genetics) The regular existence of two or more different genotypes within a given species or population; also, variability of amino acid sequences within a gene's protein.


lexentry: eng/polynomial__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polynomial
trans_list: polynôme
sense:
(algebra, strict sense) An expression consisting of a sum of a finite number of terms, each term being the product of a constant coefficient and one or more variables raised to a non-negative integer power, such as a_n x^n + a_{n-1}x^{n-1} + ... + a_0 x^0.


lexentry: eng/polynomial_function__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polynomial function
trans_list: fonction polynomiale
sense:
(mathematics) Any function whose value is the solution of a polynomial; an element of a subring of the ring of all functions over an integral domain, which subring is the smallest to contain all the constant functions and also the identity function. (If the polynomial is multivariate then there is a different identity function corresponding to each variable.)


lexentry: eng/polynya__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polynya
trans_list: polynia
sense:
(hydrology, oceanography) A naturally formed transient area of open water surrounded by sea ice, especially in polar or subpolar seas. [from mid 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/polyomino__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polyomino
trans_list: polyomino
sense:
(geometry) A plane polyform made by joining one or more squares edge to edge in various arrangements; a similar polyform made from triangles or hexagons (or any polygon that can tile a plane)


lexentry: eng/polyphony__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polyphony
trans_list: polyphonie
sense:
(music) Musical texture consisting of several independent melodic voices, as opposed to music with just one voice (monophony) or music with one dominant melodic voice accompanied by chords (homophony).


lexentry: eng/polypropylene__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polypropylene
trans_list: polypropylène
sense:
A thermoplastic resin made by the polymerization of propylene, and used for films, fibres, or moulding materials.


lexentry: eng/polyptoton__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polyptoton
trans_list: polyptote
sense:
(rhetoric) A stylistic scheme in which words from the same root are used together, or a word is repeated in a different inflection or case.


lexentry: eng/polyradiculoneuropathy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polyradiculoneuropathy
trans_list: polyradiculonévrite
sense:
(medicine) A condition in which polyneuropathy and polyradiculopathy occur together, such as Guillain-Barré syndrome.


lexentry: eng/polyseme__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polyseme
trans_list: polysémie
sense:
(semantics) A word or phrase that has multiple meanings, or, more specifically, multiple etymologically related meanings.


lexentry: eng/polysemy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polysemy
trans_list: polysémie
sense:
(semantics) The quality characteristic of a polyseme, a sign (such as a word or symbol) that has multiple meanings (senses), often including multiple similar ones.


lexentry: eng/polysynthetic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polysynthetic
trans_list: polysynthétique
sense:
(grammar, of languages) Characterized by a prevalence of relatively long words containing a large number of morphemes. Typically, the morphemes are bound.


lexentry: eng/polytechnic__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polytechnic
trans_list: polytechnique
sense:
(UK, dated) An educational institute that teaches applied arts and sciences rather than academic subjects.


lexentry: eng/polytonic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polytonic
trans_list: polytonique
sense:
Of or using the Greek system of diacritics which employs the rough and smooth breathings and the grave, acute, and circumflex accents. Replaced by the monotonic system in 1982.


lexentry: eng/polytope__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polytope
trans_list: polytope
sense:
(geometry) A geometric shape (of any number of dimensions) which is fully enclosed and has flat sides, making it a member of the generalized class of shapes which includes the two-dimensional polygon and three-dimensional polyhedron; (formally) a finite region of n-dimensional space bounded by hyperplanes.


lexentry: eng/polytrauma__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polytrauma
trans_list: polytraumatisme
sense:
(emergency medicine) The condition of a person who has been subjected to multiple traumatic injuries.


lexentry: eng/polyunsaturated_fat__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polyunsaturated fat
trans_list: graisse polyinsaturée
sense:
(fatty acid) A fat or oil, almost exclusively from vegetable sources, containing a high proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids.


lexentry: eng/polyunsaturated_fatty_acid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polyunsaturated fatty acid
trans_list: acide gras polyinsaturé
sense:
(fatty acid) A fatty acid, such as arachidonic acid, that contains two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds


lexentry: eng/polyurethane__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polyurethane
trans_list: polyuréthane
sense:
(organic chemistry) Any of various polymeric resins containing urethane links; used in very many industrial and domestic applications.


lexentry: eng/polyvinyl_chloride__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polyvinyl chloride
trans_list: polychlorure de vinyle | PVC
sense:
A thermoplastic resin produced by the polymerization of vinyl chloride; used as an electrical insulator and in many other applications. Can be compounded into flexible and rigid forms through the use of plasticizers, stabilizers, fillers and other modifiers.


lexentry: eng/pomander__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pomander
trans_list: pomme de senteur
sense:
(countable, uncountable, historical) A mixture of aromatic substances, made into a ball and carried by a person to impart a sweet smell or as a protection against infection. [from late 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/pome__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pome
trans_list: piridion | péridion | péridium
sense:
(botany) A type of fruit in which the often edible flesh arises from the swollen base of the flower and not from the carpels.


lexentry: eng/pomegranate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pomegranate
trans_list: grenade | grenadier
sense:
The fruit of the Punica granatum, about the size of an orange with a thick, hard, reddish skin enclosing many seeds, each with an edible pink or red pulp tasting both sweet and tart.


lexentry: eng/pomelo__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pomelo
trans_list: pomélo
sense:
The large fruit of the Citrus maxima (syn. C. grandis), native to South Asia and Southeast Asia, with a thick green or yellow rind, a thick white pith, and semi-sweet translucent pale flesh.


lexentry: eng/pommel_horse__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pommel horse
trans_list: cheval d'arçons
sense:
An apparatus for gymnastic exercises with a cylindrical body covered with leather and two upright pommels, as hand grips, near the centre; held upright with adjustable legs.


lexentry: eng/pompadour__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pompadour
trans_list: banane
sense:
A women's hairstyle in which the hair is swept upwards from the face and worn high over the forehead.


lexentry: eng/pompano__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pompano
trans_list: pompaneau
sense:
Any of various carangid fish of genus Trachinotus or species Alectis ciliaris (African pompano), from coastal parts of the North Atlantic. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/pompom__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pompom
trans_list: pompon
sense:
A decorative ball made of pieces of soft fabric, tinsel, plastic, or paper streamers bound at the center, most notably held, waved, and shaken in cheerleading.


lexentry: eng/pompon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pompon
trans_list: pompon
sense:
A bundle of yarn, string, ribbon, etc. tied in the middle and left loose at the ends, so as to form a puff or ball, as for decoration or a showy prop for cheerleading.


lexentry: eng/pond_hockey__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pond hockey
trans_list: hockey d'antan
sense:
(sports) A form of ice hockey played outdoors on the surface of a frozen lake or pond, or other body of water.


lexentry: eng/pondweed__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pondweed
trans_list: potamogéton | potamot
sense:
opposite-leaved pondweed, Groenlandia densa, only plant of its genus, found chiefly in the Mediterranean region.


lexentry: eng/poniard__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: poniard
trans_list: poignard
sense:
(now, chiefly, historical) A dagger typically having a slender square or triangular blade. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/pontificate__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pontificate
trans_list: pontifier
sense:
(intransitive) To act like a pontiff; to express one's position or opinions dogmatically and pompously as if they were absolutely correct.


lexentry: eng/pontoon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pontoon
trans_list: ponton | flotteur
sense:
A flat-bottomed boat or other floating structure used as a buoyant support for a temporary bridge, dock or landing stage.


lexentry: eng/ponytail__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ponytail
trans_list: queue-de-cheval
sense:
A hairstyle where the hair is pulled back and tied into a single "tail" which hangs down behind the head.


lexentry: eng/pood__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pood
trans_list: poud
sense:
An obsolete Russian unit of mass, equal to 40 Russian funt, or about 16.38 kg (approximately 36.11 pounds).


lexentry: eng/poodle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: poodle
trans_list: caniche
sense:
A breed of dog originating in Europe as hunting dogs, and having heavy, curly coat in a solid color; their shoulder height indicates their classification as standard, medium, miniature, or toy.


lexentry: eng/poof__Interjection__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: poof
trans_list: pouf
sense:
Onomatopoeia indicating a small explosion with a cloud of smoke; as caused by a deflating object, or a magical disappearance.


lexentry: eng/pool__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pool
trans_list: flaque | groupe | pool | réserve
sense:
A small and rather deep area of (usually) fresh water, as one supplied by a spring, or occurring in the course of a stream or river; a reservoir for water.


lexentry: eng/pool__Noun__2
sense_num: 03
written_rep: pool
trans_list: billard
sense:
(sport) A cue sport played on a pool table. There are 15 balls, 7 of one colour or solids, 7 of another color or stripes, and the black ball (also called the 8 ball). A player must pocket all their own colour balls and then the black ball in order to win.


lexentry: eng/pool__Verb__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pool
trans_list: réunir
sense:
(transitive) To put together; contribute to a common fund, on the basis of a mutual division of profits or losses; to make a common interest of.


lexentry: eng/pool__Verb__2
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pool
trans_list: mettre en commun
sense:
(intransitive) To combine or contribute with others, as for a commercial, speculative, or gambling transaction.


lexentry: eng/pool_noodle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pool noodle
trans_list: frite | nouille de piscine
sense:
A long, slender tube or rod, extruded from buoyant foam and usually brightly coloured, used as an exercise tool or toy in swimming pools.


lexentry: eng/pooper__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pooper
trans_list: rabat-joie
sense:
(slang) One who poops out on an activity; one who dampens the mood by lack of participation or negative attitude. Mostly used in the phrase party pooper.


lexentry: eng/pop-up__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pop-up
trans_list: pop-up
sense:
(internet) A pop-up advertisement; an advertisement that is triggered to appear on a computer screen when the user accesses a particular web page.


lexentry: eng/pop-up__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pop-up
trans_list: éphémère
sense:
(baseball) A pop-up ball: a ball that has been hit to a considerable height above the infield or the shallow outfield; a pop fly.


lexentry: eng/pop-up_advertisement__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pop-up advertisement
trans_list: fenêtre instruse | intruse
sense:
(Internet, advertising) An advertisement that takes the form of a window that appears automatically on a computer screen when certain websites are visited.


lexentry: eng/pop_music__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pop music
trans_list: musique pop | pop
sense:
Music intended for or accepted by a wide audience, usually with a commercial basis and distinguished from other genres such as classical music and folk music, and nowadays also from rock music.


lexentry: eng/popery__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: popery
trans_list: papisme
sense:
(usually, derogatory, Christianity) The teachings, practices and accoutrements of the Roman Catholic Church.


lexentry: eng/poplit__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: poplit
trans_list: jarret | fosse poplitée
sense:
The shallow depression (fossa) located at the back of the knee joint; the popliteal fossa or knee pit.


lexentry: eng/popliteus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: popliteus
trans_list: muscle poplité
sense:
(anatomy) A small muscle at the back of the knee that aids in bending the knee and in the rotation of the lower leg.


lexentry: eng/poppy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: poppy
trans_list: pavot | coquelicot
sense:
Any plant of the genus Papaver or the family Papaveraceae, with crumpled, often red, petals and a milky juice having narcotic properties; especially a common poppy or corn poppy (Papaver rhoeas) which has orange-red flowers; the flower of such a plant.


lexentry: eng/poppy__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: poppy
trans_list: coquelicot | pavot
sense:
(chiefly, Australia, Britain, Canada) A simple artificial poppy flower worn in a buttonhole or displayed in other contexts to remember those who died in the two World Wars and other armed conflicts, especially around Remembrance Day/Remembrance Sunday.


lexentry: eng/popsicle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: popsicle
trans_list: sucette glacée
sense:
(chiefly, _, US, Canada) Frozen fruit juice, flavored sugar water, or the like, on a stick, of a size to be one serving.


lexentry: eng/popular_culture__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: popular culture
trans_list: culture populaire | pop culture
sense:
The prevailing vernacular culture in any given society, including art, cooking, clothing/fashion, entertainment, fads, films, mass media, music, sports, and style.


lexentry: eng/popular_music__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: popular music
trans_list: musique populaire
sense:
(music) Any genre of music that has wide appeal amongst the general public of a society, typically distributed widely by the music industry; typically as seen in contrast to classical music and folk music.


lexentry: eng/popular_science__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: popular science
trans_list: de vulgarisation scientifique
sense:
(attributive) Of, or having to do with science, but aimed at ordinary people as opposed to scientists; intended for general consumption.


lexentry: eng/popularise__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: popularise
trans_list: vulgariser
sense:
(transitive, communication) To present information in a form which the general public better understands or accepts, especially by excluding details and jargon found in technical or academic publications.


lexentry: eng/popularity__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: popularity
trans_list: popularité
sense:
The quality or state of being popular; especially, the state of being widely liked or in favor with the people at large.


lexentry: eng/population__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: population
trans_list: population
sense:
A count of the number of residents within a political or geographical boundary such as a town, a nation or the world.


lexentry: eng/population__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: population
trans_list: population
sense:
(biology) A collection of organisms of a particular species, sharing a particular characteristic of interest, most often that of living in a given area.


lexentry: eng/population__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: population
trans_list: population
sense:
(statistics) A group of units (persons, objects, or other items) enumerated in a census or from which a sample is drawn.


lexentry: eng/population_density__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: population density
trans_list: densité de population
sense:
Average population per unit area; especially, the average number of people who live per square kilometer (or square mile) of land.


lexentry: eng/population_pyramid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: population pyramid
trans_list: pyramide des âges
sense:
(demography) A graphical illustration of the distribution of a population (typically that of a country or region of the world) by age groups and sex; it typically forms the shape of a pyramid when the population is growing.


lexentry: eng/populism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: populism
trans_list: populisme
sense:
(philosophy) A political doctrine or philosophy that proposes that the rights and powers of ordinary people are exploited by a privileged elite, and supports their struggle to overcome this.


lexentry: eng/porcelain__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: porcelain
trans_list: porcelaine
sense:
(usually, uncountable) A hard white translucent ceramic, originally made by firing kaolin, quartz, and feldspar at high temperatures but now also inclusive of similar artificial materials; also often (figurative) such a material as a symbol of the fragility, elegance, etc. traditionally associated with porcelain goods.


lexentry: eng/porcelain__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: porcelain
trans_list: porcelaine
sense:
(countable, now, _, usually, in the plural) An object made of porcelain, (particularly) art objects or items of tableware.


lexentry: eng/porch__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: porch
trans_list: porche | véranda | portique
sense:
(architectural element) A covered entrance to a building, whether taken from the interior, and forming a sort of vestibule within the main wall, or projecting without and with a separate roof. A porch often has chair(s), table(s) and swings.


lexentry: eng/porcupine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: porcupine
trans_list: porc-épic
sense:
Any of several rodents of either of the taxonomic families Hystricidae (Old World porcupines) or Erethizontidae (New World porcupines), both from the infraorder Hystricognathi, noted for their sharp spines or quills, which are raised when the animal is attacked or surprised.


lexentry: eng/porcupine_fish__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: porcupine fish
trans_list: poisson porc-épic
sense:
Any of several tropical fish species in the family Diodontidae that are covered with sharp spines and inflate themselves when threatened. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/pore__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pore
trans_list: pore
sense:
By extension any small opening or interstice, especially one of many, or one allowing the passage of a fluid.


lexentry: eng/pork-barrelling__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pork-barrelling
trans_list: clientélisme
sense:
(politics) The practice of an elected politician giving favours or money to some or all voters in the politician's electorate, or to certain organizations, as compensation or payback for support from those voters or organizations in the past.


lexentry: eng/pork_barrel__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: pork barrel
trans_list: assiette au beurre
sense:
(chiefly, US politics, often, attributively) State funds as assigned for local or regional expenditure; especially, central money used for regional projects which are eyecatching or designed to appeal to voters. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/pornocracy__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pornocracy
trans_list: pornocratie
sense:
(Roman Catholicism, historical, often, capitalized) The period of the papacy known as the saeculum obscūrum (Latin for “dark age”), and also as the “Rule of the Harlots”, which began with the installation of Pope Sergius III in 904 and lasted for sixty years until the death of Pope John XII in 964, during which time the popes were strongly influenced by the Theophylacti, a powerful and corrupt aristocratic family. [from mid-19th c.]


lexentry: eng/pornography__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pornography
trans_list: pornographie
sense:
The explicit literary or visual depiction of sexual subject matter; any display of material of an erotic nature. [from mid-19th c.]


lexentry: eng/porosity__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: porosity
trans_list: porosité
sense:
(countable) A measure of how porous a material is; the ratio of the volume of pores to the total volume


lexentry: eng/porphyrogenite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: porphyrogenite
trans_list: porphyrogénète
sense:
(historical) An honorific title given to a son of a reigning emperor in the Byzantine Empire, notably borne by Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus.


lexentry: eng/porridge__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: porridge
trans_list: bouillie | gruau | porridge
sense:
A dish made of grain or legumes, milk or water, heated and stirred until thick and typically eaten for breakfast.


lexentry: eng/porron__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: porron
trans_list: pichet à vin
sense:
A glass container for wine for table use, with a long neck at the top for filling and holding and a long thin spout at the side to enable pouring into the mouth from a distance


lexentry: eng/port__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: port
trans_list: bâbord | port | babord | porter
sense:
(nautical, aviation, uncountable) The left-hand side of a vessel, including aircraft, when one is facing the front. Used to unambiguously refer to directions relative to the vessel structure, rather than to a person or object on board.


lexentry: eng/port__Noun__2
sense_num: 02
written_rep: port
trans_list: port | bâbord | babord
sense:
An opening or doorway in the side of a ship, especially for boarding or loading; an embrasure through which a cannon may be discharged; a porthole.


lexentry: eng/port__Noun__2
sense_num: 07
written_rep: port
trans_list: porter
sense:
(also, networking) A number that delimits a connection for specific processes or parts of a network service.


lexentry: eng/port__Noun__2
sense_num: 07
written_rep: port
trans_list: port
sense:
A logical or physical construct in and from which data are transferred. Computer port on Wikipedia.Wikipedia


lexentry: eng/port__Verb__2
sense_num: 02
written_rep: port
trans_list: port | bâbord | babord
sense:
(transitive, military) To hold or carry (a weapon) with both hands so that it lies diagonally across the front of the body, with the barrel or similar part near the left shoulder and the right hand grasping the small of the stock; or, to throw (the weapon) into this position on command.


lexentry: eng/port_city__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: port city
trans_list: ville portuaire | port
sense:
A city built around a port, for its defence, to provide infrastructural support, or as parasitic urban sprawl.


lexentry: eng/port_of_call__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: port of call
trans_list: escale
sense:
(nautical) Any port (except its home port) being visited by a ship, especially to load or unload cargo or passengers or to take on supplies.


lexentry: eng/portability__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: portability
trans_list: portabilité
sense:
(software) The ability of a program (or software system) to execute properly on multiple hardware platforms.


lexentry: eng/portable_art__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: portable art
trans_list: art mobilier
sense:
(archaeology) Small pieces of prehistoric art that could be carried, as opposed to art applied to walls or cliffs, for example.


lexentry: eng/portable_toilet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: portable toilet
trans_list: WC chimique | toilette autonome | toilette mobile | toilette portable
sense:
A movable toilet, particularly a portable outhouse used where other lavatories are unavailable (as at a construction site) or insufficient (as at special events).


lexentry: eng/portal_vein__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: portal vein
trans_list: veine porte
sense:
(anatomy) A short, wide vein located in the abdominal cavity formed by the union of the superior mesenteric and splenic veins that channels blood from the gastrointestinal tract and spleen to capillary beds in the liver.


lexentry: eng/portamento__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: portamento
trans_list: port de voix
sense:
(music) A smooth, gliding transition from one note to another; used especially with stringed instruments, and sometimes on brass.


lexentry: eng/portcullis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: portcullis
trans_list: herse
sense:
A gate in the form of a grating which is lowered into place at the gateway of a castle, a fort, etc.


lexentry: eng/porte_cochère__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: porte cochère
trans_list: porte cochère
sense:
A porch, or roof without walls over a driveway, next to the entrance of a building which a vehicle can stop in or under to allow passengers to embark or disembark without being affected by bad weather.


lexentry: eng/porter__Noun__2
sense_num: 03
written_rep: porter
trans_list: porter
sense:
(countable, uncountable, beer) A strong, dark ale, originally favored by porters (etymology 1, sense 1), similar to a stout but less strong.


lexentry: eng/portfolio__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: portfolio
trans_list: portefeuille
sense:
(politics) The post and the responsibilities of a cabinet minister or other head of a government department. [from 1930s]


lexentry: eng/portfolio__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: portfolio
trans_list: portefeuille | portfolio
sense:
(business) A collection of assets; (figurative) any collection of things considered as investments or assets, (rarely) also liabilities.


lexentry: eng/portmanteau_word__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: portmanteau word
trans_list: mot-valise | amalgame
sense:
(linguistics) A word which combines the meaning of two words (or, rarely, more than two words), formed by combining the words, usually, but not always, by adjoining the first part of one word and the last part of the other, the adjoining parts often having a common vowel.


lexentry: eng/portolan__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: portolan
trans_list: portulan
sense:
(historic, nautical) A chart of European navigable waters based on descriptions of coasts. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/portrait__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: portrait
trans_list: portrait
sense:
(computing, printing) A print orientation where the vertical sides are longer than the horizontal sides.


lexentry: eng/poser__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: poser
trans_list: colle
sense:
Someone who, or something which, poses; a person who sets their body in a fixed position, such as for photography or painting.


lexentry: eng/poseur__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: poseur
trans_list: poseur | crâneur | crâneuse | poseuse
sense:
One who affects some behaviour, style, attitude or other condition, often to impress or influence others.


lexentry: eng/position_paper__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: position paper
trans_list: programme
sense:
(philosophy, government) An essay or report which expresses a position, conclusion, or recommendation concerning a contested issue or undecided question and which usually contains arguments or reasons in support of this position.


lexentry: eng/positive__Adjective__1
sense_num: 10
written_rep: positive
trans_list: positif
sense:
(grammar) Describing the primary sense of an adjective, adverb or noun; not comparative, superlative, augmentative nor diminutive.


lexentry: eng/positive__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: positive
trans_list: positif
sense:
(photography) A positive image; one that displays true colors and shades, not their opposites or complements.


lexentry: eng/positive_degree__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: positive degree
trans_list: degré positif | positif
sense:
(grammar) That state of an adjective or adverb indicating simple quality, without comparison or relation to increase or diminution; as in wise, noble.


lexentry: eng/positive_reinforcement__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: positive reinforcement
trans_list: renforcement positif
sense:
The giving of encouragement to a person who exhibits a particular behaviour with the result that such behaviour is repeated.


lexentry: eng/positivism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: positivism
trans_list: positivisme
sense:
(philosophy) A doctrine that states that the only authentic knowledge is scientific knowledge, and that such knowledge can only come from positive affirmation of theories through strict scientific method, refusing every form of metaphysics.


lexentry: eng/positron_emission_tomography__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: positron emission tomography
trans_list: TEP | tomographie par émission de positons
sense:
(medicine) A medical imaging technique which detects the gamma rays produced by positrons emitted from injected radionuclides.


lexentry: eng/positronium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: positronium
trans_list: positronium
sense:
(physics, chemistry) An exotic atom (specifically, an onium) consisting of a positron (anti-electron) and an electron, as a particle–anti-particle bound pair with no nucleus.


lexentry: eng/posology__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: posology
trans_list: posologie
sense:
(countable, uncountable, pharmacy, pharmacology) The study of the dosages of drugs, especially the determination of appropriate dosages. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/possess__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: possess
trans_list: posséder | s'emparer de
sense:
Of a supernatural entity, especially one regarded as evil: to take control of (an animal or person's body or mind).


lexentry: eng/possessee__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: possessee
trans_list: complément | possédé
sense:
(grammar) Verb complement in some languages or some constructions of a given language; the noun which is possessed.


lexentry: eng/possessive_case__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: possessive case
trans_list: possessif
sense:
(grammar) case used to express direct possession, ownership, origin, etc. Though similar in many ways to the genitive case, it is not always the same. Languages that have the possessive case include English and Quenya.


lexentry: eng/possessive_determiner__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: possessive determiner
trans_list: déterminant possessif
sense:
(grammar) A determiner used to demonstrate the possession of the object referenced by the following noun; in English, they include my, his, her, our, your, its and their.


lexentry: eng/possessive_suffix__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: possessive suffix
trans_list: suffixe possessif
sense:
(linguistics) A suffix that indicates possession, occurs in some Uralic, Turkic, Semitic and Indo-European languages.


lexentry: eng/possibly__Adverb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: possibly
trans_list: possiblement
sense:
(modifying a verb) In the realm of possibility; indicates that the action may successfully be performed (is not impossible) regardless of any facts or circumstances known to, stated by or implied by the speaker that might limit the performance.


lexentry: eng/possum__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: possum
trans_list: possum
sense:
Any of the marsupials in several families of the order Diprotodontia of Australia and neighboring islands.


lexentry: eng/post-Soviet__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: post-Soviet
trans_list: post-soviétique | postsoviétique
sense:
(geopolitics, international relations) Relating to the countries which emerged from the dissolution of the Soviet Union, especially in the context of Russia.


lexentry: eng/post-production__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: post-production
trans_list: post-production
sense:
(cinematography, television) The stages of film (or audio) production happening between the actual filming (or recording) and the completed product.


lexentry: eng/post-transition_metal__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: post-transition metal
trans_list: métal de post-transition | métal pauvre | métal post-transitionnel
sense:
(chemistry) A poor metal, usually including gallium, indium, tin, thallium, lead, and bismuth, also known as B-subgroup metals, other metals, and p-block metals.


lexentry: eng/post-traumatic_stress_disorder__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: post-traumatic stress disorder
trans_list: trouble de stress post-traumatique
sense:
(psychology) A psychological condition that develops following some stressful situation or event, with symptoms such as sleep disturbance, recurrent dreams, flashbacks, hypervigilance, depression, dissociation, withdrawal or lack of concentration.


lexentry: eng/post-truth__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: post-truth
trans_list: post-vérité
sense:
(chiefly, politics, media) Beyond or superseding the importance of truth; pertaining to an era or situation when truth is no longer significant, relevant, or expected; (usually, pejorative) not caring about factual accuracy.


lexentry: eng/post-war__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: post-war
trans_list: après-guerre
sense:
Pertaining to a period of time immediately following the end of a war; where there is a cessation of conflict.


lexentry: eng/post__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: post
trans_list: poste | courrier
sense:
(obsolete) Each of a series of men stationed at specific places along a postroad, with responsibility for relaying letters and dispatches of the monarch (and later others) along the route. [16th–17th c.]


lexentry: eng/post__Noun__2
sense_num: 02
written_rep: post
trans_list: poste | courrier
sense:
(dated) A station, or one of a series of stations, established for the refreshment and accommodation of travellers on some recognized route.


lexentry: eng/post__Noun__2
sense_num: 06
written_rep: post
trans_list: poste | courrier
sense:
(UK, Australia, New Zealand) A single delivery of letters; the letters or deliveries that make up a single batch delivered to one person or one address. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/post__Verb__2
sense_num: 03
written_rep: post
trans_list: poster | mettre à la poste
sense:
(UK, Australia, New Zealand) To send (an item of mail etc.) through the postal service. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/post_chaise__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: post chaise
trans_list: diligence
sense:
(historical) An enclosed horse-drawn carriage with four wheels, used to transport mail and passengers.


lexentry: eng/post_office__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: post office
trans_list: bureau de poste | poste
sense:
(countable) A place (building, office, shop, or counter) concerned with the business of delivering letters, post or mail and selling stamps, etc.


lexentry: eng/post_office_box__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: post office box
trans_list: boîte postale | case postale
sense:
A uniquely addressable lockable box located on the premises of a post office that may be hired as collection point for mail.


lexentry: eng/postage_stamp__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: postage stamp
trans_list: timbre | timbre postal
sense:
A small piece of printed paper stuck on an item to be mailed, indicating that postage has been paid.


lexentry: eng/postal_address__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: postal address
trans_list: adresse postale
sense:
The address (of a person or business) to which mail is delivered, as distinct from the actual street address.


lexentry: eng/postally_used__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: postally used
trans_list: ayant circulé
sense:
(philately) Of a postage stamp, cancelled in the normal course of postal business, rather than to devalue it for sale to collectors.


lexentry: eng/postalveolar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: postalveolar
trans_list: postalvéolaire
sense:
(phonetics) Any sound articulated with the tongue near or touching the back of the alveolar ridge, such as English sh in the word shoe.


lexentry: eng/postcard__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: postcard
trans_list: carte postale
sense:
(post) A rectangular piece of thick paper or thin cardboard, typically used for sending messages by mail without the need for an envelope.


lexentry: eng/postcode__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: postcode
trans_list: code postal
sense:
(UK, Irish) A sequence of letters and numbers added to a postal address to aid the sorting and delivery of post or mail.


lexentry: eng/postcolonialism__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: postcolonialism
trans_list: études postcoloniales
sense:
An academic discipline that attempts to analyse, explain, and respond to the cultural legacies of colonialism and imperialism.


lexentry: eng/postdoctoral__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: postdoctoral
trans_list: postdoctoral
sense:
After receiving a doctorate; especially of academic research or study beyond the level of a doctoral degree.


lexentry: eng/poster_child__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: poster child
trans_list: figure emblématique
sense:
(chiefly, North America, idiomatic) One who is a prototypical or quintessential example of something.


lexentry: eng/posterior__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: posterior
trans_list: postérieur
sense:
(anatomy) Nearer the rear or hind end; nearer the caudal end of the body in quadrupeds or the dorsal end in bipeds.


lexentry: eng/posterior__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: posterior
trans_list: derrière
sense:
(sometimes, euphemistic, sometimes, humorous) The posterior portions of the human body; especially, the buttocks.


lexentry: eng/postern__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: postern
trans_list: poterne
sense:
(architecture) A back gate, back door, side entrance, or other gateway distinct from the main entrance, especially in a city wall or fortification.


lexentry: eng/postglossator__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: postglossator
trans_list: postglossateur
sense:
(historical, law) A legal scholar of the late Middle Ages, in the period after the glossators; a commentator.


lexentry: eng/posthumous_name__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: posthumous name
trans_list: nom posthume
sense:
(historical) A respectful alias used in Chinese or sometimes more broadly East Asian contexts to refer to a dead person, particularly royalty.


lexentry: eng/postindustrial__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: postindustrial
trans_list: postindustriel
sense:
Describing the economy of a nation in which manufacturing industry becomes less important and the service and information industries become more important.


lexentry: eng/postlude__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: postlude
trans_list: postlude
sense:
(music) The final part of a piece; especially music played (normally on the organ) at the end of a church service.


lexentry: eng/postmark__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: postmark
trans_list: cachet de la poste
sense:
A marking made by a postal service on a delivery, usually indicating the place where and the date and time when the item was received or processed for the first time, mostly serving to cancel a postage stamp.


lexentry: eng/postmodern__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: postmodern
trans_list: postmoderne
sense:
Of, relating to, or having the characteristics of postmodernism, especially as represented in art, architecture, literature, science, or philosophy that reacts against an earlier modernism.


lexentry: eng/postmodernism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: postmodernism
trans_list: postmodernisme | post-modernisme
sense:
Any style in art, architecture, literature, philosophy, etc., that reacts against an earlier modernist movement.


lexentry: eng/postpartum__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: postpartum
trans_list: post-partum
sense:
(of a mother, a symptom, a diagnosis or treatment, etc) After giving birth (often defined as within 30 days after childbirth).


lexentry: eng/postsynaptic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: postsynaptic
trans_list: postsynaptique
sense:
(cytology) In a synapse, of or pertaining to the neuron that bears receptors for neurotransmitter released into the synaptic cleft by the presynaptic neuron.


lexentry: eng/posttranslational__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: posttranslational
trans_list: post-traductionnel
sense:
(genetics, biochemistry) Of or pertaining to the period after a protein has been translated from mRNA.


lexentry: eng/postulate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: postulate
trans_list: postulat
sense:
Something assumed without proof as being self-evident or generally accepted, especially when used as a basis for an argument. Sometimes distinguished from axioms as being relevant to a particular science or context, rather than universally true, and following from other axioms rather than being an absolute assumption.


lexentry: eng/postulate__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: postulate
trans_list: postuler
sense:
(ambitransitive, Christianity, historical) To appoint or request one's appointment to an ecclesiastical office.


lexentry: eng/pot_calling_the_kettle_black__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pot calling the kettle black
sense:
(idiomatic) A situation in which somebody comments on or accuses someone else of a fault which the accuser shares.

trans_list:
c'est l'hôpital qui se moque de la charité | c'est l'hôpital qui se fout de la charité | c'est l'hôpital qui se moque de l'infirmerie | c'est la pelle qui se moque du fourgon | c'est la poêle qui se fout du chaudron | c'est la poêle qui se moque du chaudron


lexentry: eng/pot_roast__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pot roast
trans_list: viande braisée
sense:
A dish made by browning a roast-sized piece of beef (often taken from the tougher chuck cut) to induce a Maillard reaction, then slow-cooking in liquid in a covered dish.


lexentry: eng/potash__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: potash
trans_list: potasse
sense:
The water-soluble part of the ash formed by burning plant material; used for making soap and glass and as a fertilizer.


lexentry: eng/potassium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: potassium
trans_list: potassium
sense:
A soft, waxy, silvery reactive metal that is never found unbound in nature; an element (symbol K) with an atomic number of 19 and atomic weight of 39.0983. The symbol is derived from the Latin kalium.


lexentry: eng/potassium_carbonate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: potassium carbonate
trans_list: carbonate de calcium
sense:
(inorganic compound) The alkaline salt K2CO3, that is the major constituent of potash; it is used in the production of glass and some soaps.


lexentry: eng/potassium_chloride__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: potassium chloride
trans_list: chlorure de potassium
sense:
(inorganic compound) The potassium salt of hydrochloric acid, KCl; it is used as a salt substitute for table salt (NaCl), a medication, a fertilizer, and a feedstock.


lexentry: eng/potassium_cyanide__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: potassium cyanide
trans_list: cyanure de potassium
sense:
(inorganic compound) The potassium salt of hydrocyanic acid, KCN; the colourless crystals are soluble in water, and it is extremely poisonous, and is used in electroplating, the extraction of gold and silver from their ores, and in photography.


lexentry: eng/potassium_dichromate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: potassium dichromate
trans_list: dichromate de potassium
sense:
(inorganic compound) A potassium salt of chromic acid, K2Cr2O7; the orange crystals are soluble in water, and it is used as an oxidizing agent and in photography.


lexentry: eng/potassium_hydroxide__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: potassium hydroxide
trans_list: hydroxyde de potassium | potasse caustique
sense:
(inorganic compound) The alkaline base KOH, once known as caustic potash; it has a number of industrial uses, including the manufacture of bleach.


lexentry: eng/potassium_nitrate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: potassium nitrate
trans_list: salpêtre | salpêtre du Chili
sense:
(inorganic chemistry) KNO3, a naturally occurring salt, notably used as an ingredient of gunpowder; also used a food preservative and as an ingredient in toothpaste for sensitive gums; historically used in the production of nitric acid (HNO3).


lexentry: eng/potassium_permanganate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: potassium permanganate
trans_list: permanganate de potassium
sense:
(chemistry) KMnO4, the most readily available commercial permanganate; it is used as an oxidizing agent both in industry and in the analytical laboratory.


lexentry: eng/potato__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: potato
trans_list: pomme de terre
sense:
(humorous, slang, computing) An underpowered computer or other device, especially when small in size.


lexentry: eng/potato_bread__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: potato bread
trans_list: pain aux pommes de terre
sense:
A type of bread made with potatoes, often served shallow-fried as part of a cooked breakfast, common in Northern Ireland and Scotland.


lexentry: eng/potato_chip__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: potato chip
trans_list: chips | croustille
sense:
(UK, Irish) One of a batch of pieces of potato cut into elongated cubes and fried; a chip or chipped potato, usually larger than American french fries.


lexentry: eng/potato_crisp__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: potato crisp
trans_list: chips de pomme de terre
sense:
(Ireland, UK, chiefly, in the plural) A thin slice of potato that has been deep-fried until it is brittle and crispy, and which is eaten when cool; they are typically packaged and sold as a snack.


lexentry: eng/potato_starch__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: potato starch
trans_list: fécule de pomme de terre
sense:
(gastronomy) A widely diffused vegetable substance found in the extracted material of potatoes used in cooking.


lexentry: eng/poteen__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: poteen
trans_list: poitín | potcheen | poteen
sense:
(Ireland, countable, by extension) An unlicensed drinking establishment selling illegally produced Irish whiskey.


lexentry: eng/potential__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: potential
trans_list: potentiel
sense:
(physics) The gravitational potential: the radial (irrotational, static) component of a gravitational field, also known as the Newtonian potential or the gravitoelectric field.


lexentry: eng/potential__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: potential
trans_list: potentiel
sense:
(physics) The work (energy) required to move a reference particle from a reference location to a specified location in the presence of a force field, for example to bring a unit positive electric charge from an infinite distance to a specified point against an electric field.


lexentry: eng/potential_energy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: potential energy
trans_list: énergie potentielle
sense:
The energy possessed by an object because of its position (in a gravitational or electric field), or its condition (as a stretched or compressed spring, as a chemical reactant, or by having rest mass).


lexentry: eng/potentiometer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: potentiometer
trans_list: potentiomètre
sense:
(electronics) A user-adjustable three-terminal variable resistor that can be used as a voltage divider.


lexentry: eng/pothole__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pothole
trans_list: nid de poule | fondrière
sense:
A shallow pit or other edged depression in a road's surface, especially when caused by erosion by weather or traffic.


lexentry: eng/pothos__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pothos
trans_list: pothos
sense:
Any vine of species Epipremnum aureum, widely cultivated as a houseplant, once classified in the genus Pothos.


lexentry: eng/potlatch__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: potlatch
trans_list: potlatch
sense:
(Canada, US, also, figuratively) A ceremony amongst certain indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest in which gifts are bestowed upon guests and personal property is destroyed in a show of generosity and wealth.


lexentry: eng/potoo__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: potoo
trans_list: ibijau
sense:
Any species of the family Nyctibiidae within the order Nyctibiiformes related to the nightjars (order Caprimulgiformes), and found from southern Mexico to southern Brazil.


lexentry: eng/poult__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: poult
trans_list: fils
sense:
A young bird, a chick; now especially, a young game bird (turkey, partridge, grouse etc.). [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/poultice__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: poultice
trans_list: cataplasme | emplâtre
sense:
A soft, moist mass, usually wrapped in cloth and warmed, that is applied topically to a sore, aching or lesioned part of the body to soothe it.


lexentry: eng/pounce__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pounce
trans_list: poudre | sable
sense:
(historical) A type of fine powder, as of sandarac, or cuttlefish bone, sprinkled over wet ink to dry the ink after writing or on rough paper to smooth the writing surface.


lexentry: eng/pound__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pound
trans_list: livre
sense:
A unit of mass equal to 16 avoirdupois ounces (= 453.592 g). Today this value is the most common meaning of "pound" as a unit of weight.


lexentry: eng/pound_cake__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pound cake
trans_list: quatre-quarts
sense:
(US) A dense yellow cake, the traditional recipe for which consists of equal quantities (nominally one pound) of butter, eggs, flour, and sugar.


lexentry: eng/pour__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pour
trans_list: verser | se déverser
sense:
(transitive, figurative) To send out as in a stream or a flood; to cause (an emotion) to come out; to cause to escape.


lexentry: eng/powder__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: powder
trans_list: poudre
sense:
The fine particles which are the result of reducing a dry substance by pounding, grinding, or triturating, or the result of decay; dust.


lexentry: eng/powder__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: powder
trans_list: poudre
sense:
(cosmetics) A mixture of fine dry, sweet-smelling particles applied to the face or other body parts, to reduce shine or to alleviate chaffing.


lexentry: eng/powdered_sugar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: powdered sugar
trans_list: sucre glace | sucre impalpable | sucre à glacer | sucre en poudre
sense:
(US) Very finely ground sugar to which cornstarch is added to prevent lumping, mostly used in icings and confections to produce a smooth texture.


lexentry: eng/power__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: power
trans_list: pouvoir | puissance
sense:
The ability or authority to control, govern, command, coerce, etc., such as in a legal, political or business sphere.


lexentry: eng/power__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: power
trans_list: puissance
sense:
(physics, mechanics) A measure of the effectiveness that a force producing a physical effect has over time. If linear, the quotient of: (force multiplied by the displacement of or in an object) ÷ time. If rotational, the quotient of: (force multiplied by the angle of displacement) ÷ time.


lexentry: eng/power__Noun__1
sense_num: 08
written_rep: power
trans_list: puissance
sense:
(statistics) The probability that a statistical test will reject the null hypothesis when the alternative hypothesis is true.


lexentry: eng/power__Noun__1
sense_num: 08
written_rep: power
trans_list: puissance
sense:
A product of equal factors (and generalizations of this notion): x^n, read as "x to the power of n" or the like, is called a power and denotes the product x \times x \times \cdots \times x, where x appears n times in the product; x is called the base and n the exponent.


lexentry: eng/power__Noun__1
sense_num: 09
written_rep: power
trans_list: pouvoir
sense:
(biblical, in plural) In Christian angelology, an intermediate level of angels, ranked above archangels, but exact position varies by classification scheme.


lexentry: eng/power_behind_the_throne__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: power behind the throne
trans_list: éminence grise
sense:
(idiomatic) Someone who appears to be without special status, but who has great covert influence on a person in authority.


lexentry: eng/power_broker__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: power broker
trans_list: éminence grise
sense:
A person or group having the ability to influence important decisions, especially in public policy, politics, and business.


lexentry: eng/power_car__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: power car
trans_list: locomotive
sense:
A vehicle that propels, and commonly also controls, a passenger train or tram, often as the lead vehicle.


lexentry: eng/power_forward__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: power forward
trans_list: ailier fort
sense:
(basketball) A forward who is the taller of the two forward positions, and is often responsible for scoring near the basket, collecting rebounds and blocking shots in defense.


lexentry: eng/power_inverter__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: power inverter
trans_list: onduleur
sense:
(electrical engineering) A device that converts direct current electricity to alternating current electricity.


lexentry: eng/power_law__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: power law
trans_list: loi de puissance
sense:
(mathematics) A mathematical relationship in which the magnitude of something is proportional to a fixed power of the magnitude of something else (i.e. the relationship takes the form f(x) = ax^k). [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/power_line__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: power line
trans_list: ligne haute tension | ligne à haute tension | ligne électrique
sense:
An electrical wire, cable or conduit, suspended in air by utility poles or transmission towers, or buried underground, used for the carrying of electricity either from a power source such as a generating station to a substation, or from a substation to a building such as a plant, commercial building or a home.


lexentry: eng/power_play__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: power play
trans_list: supériorité numérique
sense:
(ice hockey) A situation where a team has a numerical advantage on the ice due to one or more penalties given to the opposing team.


lexentry: eng/power_politics__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: power politics
trans_list: politique de la force
sense:
A form of international relations in which sovereign entities protect their own interests by threatening one another with military, economic or political aggression.


lexentry: eng/power_set__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: power set
trans_list: ensemble des parties
sense:
(set theory, of a set S) The set whose elements comprise all the subsets of S (including the empty set and S itself).


lexentry: eng/power_steering__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: power steering
trans_list: direction assistée
sense:
(automotive) A system for reducing the driver's effort to steer, by using a power source to assist in turning the wheels. (Traditionally hydraulic; now sometimes electric.)


lexentry: eng/power_strip__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: power strip
trans_list: multiprise
sense:
A block of electrical sockets that attaches to the end of a flexible cable and allows multiple electrical devices to be plugged in.


lexentry: eng/power_supply__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: power supply
trans_list: alimentation électrique
sense:
That part of a piece of electronic apparatus that provides appropriate voltages for the rest of the electronics from the connected AC source.


lexentry: eng/power_tool__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: power tool
trans_list: appareil électrique
sense:
Any of a wide class of tools powered by a motor (usually an electric motor); most especially such tools as are handheld, portable, and not stationary.


lexentry: eng/power_vacuum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: power vacuum
trans_list: vacance du pouvoir
sense:
A lack of centralised political authority, especially following a conflict, revolution, change of power, etc.


lexentry: eng/powers_that_be__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: powers that be
trans_list: autorités constituées
sense:
(idiomatic) The holders of power or the authorities in a given situation, especially if seen as being faceless or unreasonably bureaucratic.


lexentry: eng/powertrain__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: powertrain
trans_list: groupe motopropulseur
sense:
The group of components in a vehicle that generate power and deliver it to the road surface, water, or air.


lexentry: eng/practice__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: practice
trans_list: pratique
sense:
(uncountable, especially, medicine, arts) The ongoing pursuit of a craft or profession, particularly in medicine or the fine arts.


lexentry: eng/practicum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: practicum
trans_list: travaux pratiques
sense:
(US) A college course designed to give a student supervised practical knowledge of a subject previously studied theoretically.


lexentry: eng/praedial__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: praedial
trans_list: agraire
sense:
Attached to the land (of slavery etc.); having to work on the land or an estate; deriving from the land.


lexentry: eng/pragmatic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pragmatic
trans_list: pragmatique
sense:
Practical, concerned with making decisions and actions that are useful in practice, not just theory.


lexentry: eng/pragmatics__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pragmatics
trans_list: pragmatique
sense:
(linguistics, translation studies) The study of the use of language, especially meaning, in a social context; it includes extratextual aspects of language including exophoric reference, phatic utterances, and nonverbal channels.


lexentry: eng/pragmatism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pragmatism
trans_list: pragmatisme
sense:
The pursuit of practicality over aesthetic qualities; a concentration on facts rather than emotions or ideals.


lexentry: eng/pragmatism__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pragmatism
trans_list: pragmatisme
sense:
(philosophy) The idea that beliefs are identified with the actions of a believer, and the truth of beliefs with success of those actions in securing a believer's goals; the doctrine that ideas must be looked at in terms of their practical effects and consequences.


lexentry: eng/pragmatism__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: pragmatism
trans_list: pragmatisme
sense:
(politics) The theory that political problems should be met with practical solutions rather than ideological ones.


lexentry: eng/prairie__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prairie
trans_list: prairie
sense:
An extensive area of relatively flat grassland with few, if any, trees, especially in North America.


lexentry: eng/prairie_dog__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prairie dog
trans_list: chien de prairie | chienne de prairie
sense:
Any of genus Cynomys, small, stout-bodied burrowing rodents with shallow cheek pouches, native to North America and Central America.


lexentry: eng/praseodymium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: praseodymium
trans_list: praséodyme
sense:
A chemical element (symbol Pr) with an atomic number of 59, a soft, silvery, malleable and ductile metal, valued for its magnetic, electrical, chemical, and optical properties.


lexentry: eng/prawn_cocktail__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prawn cocktail
trans_list: cocktail de crevettes
sense:
A salad dish made from cooked, peeled, chilled prawns with a Marie Rose sauce, served on lettuce with lemon.


lexentry: eng/pray__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pray
trans_list: prier
sense:
(religion) To direct words, thoughts, or one's attention to a deity or any higher being, for the sake of adoration, thanks, petition for help, etc.


lexentry: eng/prayer_flag__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prayer flag
trans_list: drapeau de prière
sense:
A colourful rectangular cloth hung from a thread and strung along mountain ridges and peaks high in the Himalayas by practitioners of Tibetan Buddhism to bless the surrounding countryside or for other purposes.


lexentry: eng/prayer_wheel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prayer wheel
trans_list: roue de prière | moulin à prières
sense:
(Buddhism) A rotating cylinder either inscribed with or containing prayers, mainly used by Tibetan Buddhists.


lexentry: eng/praying_mantis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: praying mantis
trans_list: mante religieuse
sense:
Any of various predatory, cannibalistic insects of the order Mantodea that have a prayer-like stance.


lexentry: eng/pre-Columbian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pre-Columbian
trans_list: précolombien
sense:
Referring to the cultures of the Americas before the European influence, specifically to the era before the continent was visited by Christopher Columbus.


lexentry: eng/pre-Socratic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pre-Socratic
trans_list: présocratique
sense:
(historical) Existing in Ancient Greece before the flourishing of the philosopher Socrates (circa 469–399 BCE).


lexentry: eng/pre-Socratic__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pre-Socratic
trans_list: présocratique
sense:
(historical) Any of the pre-Socratic philosophers, viz. Thales (circa 624–546 BCE), Anaximander (circa 610–546 BCE), Anaximenes (circa 585–525 BCE), Pythagoras (circa 576–495 BCE), Xenophanes (circa 570–480 BCE), Heraclitus (circa 535–475 BCE), Parmenides (early-5th century BCE), Anaxagoras (circa 500–428 BCE), Empedocles (circa 490–430 BCE), and Democritus (circa 460–370 BCE).


lexentry: eng/preacher__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: preacher
trans_list: prédicateur | prêcheur
sense:
Someone who preaches a worldview, philosophy, or religion, especially someone who preaches the gospel and especially a clergyman or clergywoman.


lexentry: eng/preaching_band__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: preaching band
trans_list: rabat
sense:
(Christianity, in the plural) Two bands (strips of linen) worn as formal neckwear by members of the Christian clergy.


lexentry: eng/preadolescence__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: preadolescence
trans_list: préadolescence
sense:
The period between childhood and adolescence, between the ages of about 9 and 11 for girls, and 10 and 12 for boys.


lexentry: eng/preamble__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: preamble
trans_list: préambule
sense:
A short preliminary statement or remark, especially an explanatory introduction to a formal document or statute.


lexentry: eng/preamplifier__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: preamplifier
trans_list: préampli | préamplificateur
sense:
A voltage amplifier for amplifying a low-level input signal; its output is the input to a higher-level amplifier.


lexentry: eng/precalculus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: precalculus
trans_list: pré-calcul
sense:
(education, mathematics) A course, or set of courses, that includes (specifically) trigonometry and algebra at an appropriate level to prepare students to study calculus.


lexentry: eng/precariat__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: precariat
trans_list: précariat
sense:
(sociology, collective) People suffering from precarity, especially as a social class; people living a precarious existence, without security or predictability, especially job security.


lexentry: eng/precarity__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: precarity
trans_list: précarité
sense:
(sociology) A condition of existence without predictability or security, affecting material or psychological welfare.


lexentry: eng/precedent__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: precedent
trans_list: précédent
sense:
An act in the past which may be used as an example to help decide the outcome of similar instances in the future.


lexentry: eng/precedent__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: precedent
trans_list: décision de principe
sense:
(legal) A decided case which is cited or used as an example to justify a judgment in a subsequent case.


lexentry: eng/precession__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: precession
trans_list: précession
sense:
(physics, countable) The wobbling motion of the axis of a spinning body when there is an external force acting on the axis.


lexentry: eng/precinct__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: precinct
trans_list: commissariat | arrondissement de commune | district
sense:
(US, law enforcement) A subdivision of a city under the jurisdiction of a specific group of police; the police station situated in that district.


lexentry: eng/precious_metal__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: precious metal
trans_list: métal précieux
sense:
A rare metallic chemical element of high economic value, such as gold, platinum, palladium, or rhodium.


lexentry: eng/precious_stone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: precious stone
trans_list: pierre précieuse
sense:
Any gem, such as a diamond or ruby, that is expensive because of its rarity or desirability; especially one set into a piece of jewelry.


lexentry: eng/precipitation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: precipitation
trans_list: précipitation
sense:
(meteorology) Any or all of the forms of water particles, whether liquid or solid, that fall from the upper atmosphere (e.g., rain, hail, snow or sleet). It is a major class of hydrometeor, but it is distinguished from cloud, fog, dew, rime, frost, etc., in that it must fall. It is distinguished from cloud and virga in that it must reach the ground.


lexentry: eng/precipitation__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: precipitation
trans_list: précipitation
sense:
(countable, uncountable, chemistry) A reaction that leads to the formation of a heavier solid in a lighter liquid; the precipitate so formed at the bottom of the container.


lexentry: eng/preclude__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: preclude
trans_list: exclure
sense:
(transitive) To remove the possibility of; to rule out; to prevent or exclude; to render impossible.


lexentry: eng/precognition__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: precognition
trans_list: précognition
sense:
(parapsychology) Knowledge of the future; understanding of something in advance, especially as a form of supernatural or extrasensory perception. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/preconception__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: preconception
trans_list: préconception
sense:
An opinion formed before obtaining adequate evidence, especially as the result of bias or prejudice.


lexentry: eng/precondition__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: precondition
trans_list: condition préalable | précondition
sense:
A medical illness, ailment, or adverse condition that exists before an insurance policy takes effect.


lexentry: eng/precontract__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: precontract
trans_list: avant-contrat
sense:
(legal) A contract preceding another, especially a contract of marriage which, according to the ancient law, rendered void a subsequent marriage solemnized in violation of it.


lexentry: eng/precursor__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: precursor
trans_list: précurseur | réactif
sense:
(chemistry) One of the compounds that participates in the chemical reaction that produces another compound.


lexentry: eng/predate__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: predate
trans_list: antédater
sense:
To designate a date earlier than the actual one; to move a date, appointment, event, or period of time to an earlier point (contrast "postdate".)


lexentry: eng/predator__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: predator
trans_list: prédateur
sense:
Any animal or other organism that hunts and kills other non-plant organisms (their prey), primarily for food.


lexentry: eng/predecessor__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: predecessor
trans_list: prédécesseur | prédécesseuse | prédécessrice
sense:
One who precedes; one who has preceded another in any state, position, office, etc.; one whom another follows or comes after, in any office or position.


lexentry: eng/predecessor__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: predecessor
trans_list: précédent
sense:
A model or type of machinery or device which precedes the current (or later) one. Usually used to describe an earlier, outdated model.


lexentry: eng/predicate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: predicate
trans_list: prédicat
sense:
(grammar) The part of the sentence (or clause) which states a property that a subject has or is characterized by.


lexentry: eng/predicate__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: predicate
trans_list: prédicat
sense:
(logic) A term of a statement, where the statement may be true or false depending on whether the thing referred to by the values of the statement's variables has the property signified by that (predicative) term.


lexentry: eng/predicate_calculus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: predicate calculus
trans_list: calcul des prédicats
sense:
(logic) The branch of logic that deals with quantified statements such as "there exists an x such that..." or "for any x, it is the case that...", where x is a member of the domain of discourse.


lexentry: eng/predicate_logic__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: predicate logic
trans_list: calcul des prédicats | logique des prédicats
sense:
(logic) The generic term for symbolic formal systems like first-order logic, second-order logic, many-sorted logic or infinitary logic.


lexentry: eng/predicative__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: predicative
trans_list: attributif
sense:
(grammar, of an adjectival or nominal phrase) Modifying a noun from within a predicate. contrasts with attributive.


lexentry: eng/predicative__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: predicative
trans_list: attribut | prédicatif
sense:
(grammar) An element of the predicate of a sentence which complements the subject or object by means of the verb. Predicatives may be nominal or adjectival.


lexentry: eng/predicative_adjective__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: predicative adjective
trans_list: adjectif attribut
sense:
(grammar) An adjective that is not part of the noun clause it modifies, but is linked to it with a copula.


lexentry: eng/predicative_case__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: predicative case
trans_list: attributif
sense:
(grammar) A term that may sometimes be used to describe the case marking a predicative nominative (a noun that renames the subject often following a linking verb), or for the adjective that agrees with it (predicative adjective).


lexentry: eng/predict__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: predict
trans_list: prédire
sense:
(transitive) To make a prediction: to forecast, foretell, or estimate a future event on the basis of knowledge and reasoning; to prophesy a future event on the basis of mystical knowledge or power.


lexentry: eng/predisposition__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: predisposition
trans_list: prédisposition
sense:
The state of being predisposed or susceptible to something, especially to a behavior or a health condition.


lexentry: eng/preeclampsia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: preeclampsia
trans_list: pré-éclampsie
sense:
(pathology) A complication of pregnancy, affecting about 2-20% of women, depending on location, characterized by hypertension and damage to the linings of the blood vessels of the brain, liver, lungs and kidneys, which can lead to multiple organ failure, convulsions, coma and death. The only cure is delivery of the child.


lexentry: eng/preeminent__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: preeminent
trans_list: prééminent
sense:
Exceeding others in quality or rank; of outstanding excellence, extremely notable or important. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/preen__Verb__2
sense_num: 02
written_rep: preen
trans_list: endimancher
sense:
(of people, intransitive, reflexive) To spend time making oneself attractive and admiring one's appearance, e.g. in front of a mirror.


lexentry: eng/preestablished_harmony__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: preestablished harmony
trans_list: harmonie préétablie
sense:
(philosophy) Gottfried Leibniz's philosophical theory of causation, according to which every substance affects only itself, but all the substances in the world (both bodies and minds) nevertheless seem to interact with each other causally because they have been programmed in advance by God to harmonize with each other.


lexentry: eng/preface__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: preface
trans_list: préface
sense:
A beginning or introductory portion that comes before the main text of a document or book, typically serving to contextualize or explain the writing of the book and sometimes to acknowledge others' contributions; especially, such a discussion written by the work's own author.


lexentry: eng/preface__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: preface
trans_list: préface
sense:
(Christianity) A variable prayer forming the prelude or introduction to the Eucharistic Prayer or canon of the Mass, following the Sursum corda dialogue and leading into the Sanctus.


lexentry: eng/prefect__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prefect
trans_list: préfet
sense:
(historical) An official of Ancient Rome who controlled or superintended a particular command, charge, department, etc.


lexentry: eng/prefecture__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: prefecture
trans_list: préfecture
sense:
The jurisdiction of a prefect; the region administered by a prefect, especially as a translation of certain French, Chinese, and Japanese administrative divisions.


lexentry: eng/prefer__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prefer
trans_list: préférer
sense:
(transitive) To be in the habit of choosing something rather than something else; to favor; to like better. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/preferred_stock__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: preferred stock
trans_list: action privilégié
sense:
(finance) Stock with a dividend, usually fixed, that is paid out of profits before any dividend can be paid on common stock and that has priority to common stock in liquidation.


lexentry: eng/prefix__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prefix
trans_list: préfixe
sense:
(grammar, linguistic morphology) A morpheme added to the beginning of a word to modify its meaning, for example as, pre- in prefix, con- in conjure, re- in reheat, etc.


lexentry: eng/prefix__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: prefix
trans_list: préfixer
sense:
(transitive) To put or fix before, or at the beginning of something; to place at the start. [from 16thc.]


lexentry: eng/prefrontal_cortex__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prefrontal cortex
trans_list: cortex préfrontal
sense:
(neuroanatomy) The anterior part of the frontal lobes of the mammalian brain, lying in front of the motor and premotor areas.


lexentry: eng/pregabalin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pregabalin
trans_list: prégabaline
sense:
(pharmaceutical drug) An anticonvulsant drug used for neuropathic pain and as an adjunct therapy for seizures.


lexentry: eng/pregnancy_test__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pregnancy test
trans_list: test de grossesse
sense:
a piece of test equipment that determines whether a woman, or by extension, a female animal is pregnant


lexentry: eng/prehensile__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prehensile
trans_list: préhensif | préhensile
sense:
(zoology) Able to take hold of and clasp objects; adapted for grasping especially by wrapping around an object.


lexentry: eng/prehung__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prehung
trans_list: prêt
sense:
(of a door or window) Delivered to the customer as installation-ready unit, already attached to its frame.


lexentry: eng/preimage__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: preimage
trans_list: image réciproque | préimage
sense:
(mathematics) For a given function, the set of all elements of the domain that are mapped into a given subset of the codomain; (formally) given a function ƒ : X → Y and a subset B ⊆ Y, the set ƒ−1(B) = {x ∈ X : ƒ(x) ∈ B}.


lexentry: eng/preindustrial__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: preindustrial
trans_list: préindustriel
sense:
Of or relating to the period before the Industrial Revolution and the global industrialisation that followed.


lexentry: eng/prejudice__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: prejudice
trans_list: préjugé
sense:
(countable) An irrational hostile attitude, fear or hatred towards a particular group, race or religion.


lexentry: eng/prelapsarian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prelapsarian
trans_list: prélapsarien
sense:
(Judaism, Christianity) Of, or relating to the period of innocence before the Fall of man; innocent, unspoiled.


lexentry: eng/prelate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prelate
trans_list: prélat
sense:
A clergyman of high rank and authority, having jurisdiction over an area or a group of people; normally a bishop.


lexentry: eng/prelude__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: prelude
trans_list: prélude
sense:
(music) A short, free-form piece of music, originally one serving as an introduction to a longer and more complex piece; later, starting with the Romantic period, generally a stand-alone piece. [from 1650s]


lexentry: eng/premature_birth__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: premature birth
trans_list: prématurité
sense:
(medicine) Childbirth occurring earlier than 37 completed weeks of gestation, but later than 20th week, which is regarded a miscarriage.


lexentry: eng/premature_ejaculation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: premature ejaculation
trans_list: éjaculation précoce
sense:
A medical condition where a man, when initiating sexual intercourse, will experience an orgasm and expel semen after a time period far below the average, generally defined as one minute or less.


lexentry: eng/premedication__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: premedication
trans_list: prémédication
sense:
(medicine) The administration of a drug (or mixture of drugs) prior to an anesthetic, especially to induce sedation; the drug so administered.


lexentry: eng/premenstrual__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: premenstrual
trans_list: prémenstruel
sense:
Occurring in the time period during the menstrual cycle leading up to the beginning of menstruation.


lexentry: eng/premenstrual_syndrome__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: premenstrual syndrome
trans_list: syndrome prémenstruel
sense:
The physical and psychological malaise experienced by many women between ovulation and the onset of menstruation; premenstrual tension. [1953]


lexentry: eng/premier__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: premier
trans_list: premier ministre
sense:
(politics, non-Westminster) The government leader in a legislative congress or leader of a government-level administrative body; the head of government.


lexentry: eng/premiere__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: premiere
trans_list: première
sense:
The first showing of a film, play or other form of entertainment, often held as a special event with celebrity guests.


lexentry: eng/premise__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: premise
trans_list: prémisse
sense:
A proposition antecedently supposed or proved; something previously stated or assumed as the basis of further argument; a condition; a supposition.


lexentry: eng/premise__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: premise
trans_list: prémisse
sense:
(usually, in the plural, legal) Matters previously stated or set forth; especially, that part in the beginning of a deed, the office of which is to express the grantor and grantee, and the land or thing granted or conveyed, and all that precedes the habendum; the thing demised or granted.


lexentry: eng/premolar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: premolar
trans_list: prémolaire
sense:
A tooth situated in front of the molar teeth; especially a tooth in humans with two cusps which is between the canines and the molars (Latin: singular dens premolaris, plural dentes premolares)


lexentry: eng/premonition__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: premonition
trans_list: prémonition
sense:
A clairvoyant or clairaudient experience, such as a dream, which resonates with some event in the future.


lexentry: eng/premonition__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: premonition
trans_list: prémonition
sense:
A strong intuition that something is about to happen (usually something negative, but not exclusively).


lexentry: eng/prenuptial_agreement__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prenuptial agreement
trans_list: contrat de mariage
sense:
A legal document, signed by both parties before marriage, stating the legal claims on each other's estate upon a subsequent divorce.


lexentry: eng/prep_school__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prep school
trans_list: lycée
sense:
(US) A private or public school intended to prepare its students to gain admission into prestigious universities.


lexentry: eng/preparatory__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: preparatory
trans_list: préparatoire
sense:
Of or pertaining to preparation, having the purpose of making something or someone ready, preparative.


lexentry: eng/prepare__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prepare
trans_list: préparer
sense:
(transitive) To make ready for a specific future purpose; to set up; to assemble or equip; to forearm.


lexentry: eng/prepend__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prepend
trans_list: préfixer
sense:
(computing, linguistics, transitive) To attach (an expression, phrase, etc.) to another, as a prefix.


lexentry: eng/preposition__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: preposition
trans_list: préposition
sense:
(grammar, strict sense) Any of a class of non-inflecting words and multiword terms typically employed to connect a following noun or a pronoun, in an adjectival or adverbial sense, with some other word: a particle used with a noun or pronoun (in English always in the objective case) to make a phrase limiting some other word.


lexentry: eng/prepositional_article__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prepositional article
trans_list: préposition composée
sense:
(grammar) In some languages, such as French, Italian, Portuguese and Spanish, a contraction of a preposition and an article, e.g. au in French (a contraction of à and le).


lexentry: eng/prepositional_case__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prepositional case
trans_list: prépositionnel
sense:
(grammar) A noun case serving as object of a preposition. Prepositions that often govern the prepositional case include "about", "in", "on", and "near". Russian is an example of a language that uses the prepositional case.


lexentry: eng/prepositional_phrase__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prepositional phrase
trans_list: syntagme prépositionnel
sense:
(grammar) A phrase containing both a preposition and its object or complement and which may be used as an adjunct or a modifier.


lexentry: eng/prepossess__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prepossess
trans_list: préjuger
sense:
Chiefly followed by by or with: to preoccupy (someone) in an emotional or mental way, so as to preclude other things.


lexentry: eng/prepossess__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: prepossess
trans_list: préjuger
sense:
(by extension) To cause (someone) to have a previous inclination against, for, or to something; to bias or prejudice; specifically, to induce in (someone) a favourable opinion beforehand, or at the outset.


lexentry: eng/preprocessor__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: preprocessor
trans_list: préprocesseur
sense:
(computing) program that processes its input data to produce output that is used as input to another program


lexentry: eng/preproduction__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: preproduction
trans_list: préproduction
sense:
All the preliminary arrangements that are made before the start of a project, especially before the filming of a movie.


lexentry: eng/prequel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prequel
trans_list: prequel | préquelle | antépisode
sense:
(narratology) In a series of works, an installment that is set chronologically before its predecessor, especially the original narrative or (perhaps improper usage) any narrative work with at least one sequel.


lexentry: eng/prerequisite__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: prerequisite
trans_list: prérequis | préalable
sense:
In education, a course or topic that must be completed before another course or topic can be started. May be colloquially referred to as a prereq.


lexentry: eng/prerogative__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: prerogative
trans_list: prérogative
sense:
A right, or power that is exclusive to a monarch etc, especially such a power to make a decision or judgement.


lexentry: eng/presbycusis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: presbycusis
trans_list: presbyacousie
sense:
(otolaryngology, pathology) Inability of the ears, due to aging, to perceive and focus on high-pitched sounds.


lexentry: eng/presbypropria__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: presbypropria
trans_list: presbyproprie
sense:
Inability of the proprioceptive system to accurately interpret actual limb position or movement due to physiological aging.


lexentry: eng/prescribe__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prescribe
trans_list: prescrire | ordonner | indiquer
sense:
(medicine) To order (a drug or medical device) for use by a particular patient (under licensed authority).


lexentry: eng/prescribe__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: prescribe
trans_list: prescrire | ordonner
sense:
To specify by writing as a required procedure or ritual; to lay down authoritatively as a guide, direction, or rule of action.


lexentry: eng/prescription__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prescription
trans_list: ordonnance | prescription
sense:
(medicine, pharmacy, pharmacology) A written order from an authorized medical practitioner for provision of a medicine or other treatment, such as (ophthalmology) the specific lenses needed for a pair of glasses.


lexentry: eng/prescription__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: prescription
trans_list: prescription
sense:
(legal) Synonym of enactment, the act of establishing a law, regulation, etc., particularly in writing; an instance of this.


lexentry: eng/prescription__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: prescription
trans_list: prescription
sense:
(linguistics) The act of establishing or formalizing ideal norms for language use, as opposed to describing the actual norms of such use; an instance of this.


lexentry: eng/prescriptivism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prescriptivism
trans_list: normativisme | prescriptivisme
sense:
(linguistics) The practice of prescribing idealistic norms, as opposed to describing realistic forms, of linguistic usage.


lexentry: eng/presence__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: presence
trans_list: présence
sense:
A quality of poise and effectiveness that enables a performer to achieve a close relationship with their audience.


lexentry: eng/presence__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: presence
trans_list: présence
sense:
A quality that sets an individual out from others; a quality that makes them noticed and/or admired even if they are not speaking or performing.


lexentry: eng/presence_of_mind__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: presence of mind
trans_list: présence d'esprit
sense:
Focused alertness, good sense, quick-thinking resourcefulness, or stability of feeling and thought, especially in spite of circumstances which are distracting, stressful, or otherwise challenging.


lexentry: eng/present__Adjective__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: present
trans_list: présent | actuel
sense:
Relating to something a person is referring to in the very context, with a deictic use similar to the demonstrative adjective this.


lexentry: eng/present__Verb__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: present
trans_list: présenter | exposer
sense:
(transitive) To put (something) forward in order for it to be seen; to show, exhibit. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/present_arms__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: present arms
trans_list: présentez armes
sense:
(military) A position of salute in the manual of arms in which the gun is held in both hands vertically in front of the body, with the muzzle upward and the trigger side forward.


lexentry: eng/present_continuous__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: present continuous
trans_list: présent progressif | présent continu
sense:
(grammar) A tense that describes an ongoing action in the present. In English it is formed by use of a form of be with a present participle.


lexentry: eng/present_participle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: present participle
trans_list: participe présent
sense:
(grammar) A nonfinite verb form that indicates an ongoing action or state and which can function as an adjective.


lexentry: eng/present_perfect__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: present perfect
trans_list: parfait | présent parfait
sense:
(grammar) A perfect tense that expresses action in the past (usually completed) with consequences in the present time.


lexentry: eng/present_tense__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: present tense
trans_list: présent
sense:
(grammar) A grammatical tense whose principal function is to locate a situation or event in the present time.


lexentry: eng/presentative__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: presentative
trans_list: présentatif
sense:
(grammar) A construct that serves to present something, or draw it to the attention of the interlocutor.


lexentry: eng/presenteeism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: presenteeism
trans_list: présentéisme
sense:
(chiefly, UK) The fact of being present at work, especially if one is too sick to be productive, or working beyond the expected hours. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/presentism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: presentism
trans_list: présentisme
sense:
(philosophy) The view that neither the future nor the past exist (events and entities that are wholly past or wholly future do not exist at all).


lexentry: eng/president-elect__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: president-elect
trans_list: président élu | présidente élue
sense:
(sum of parts) A person who has been elected to a presidency but has not yet been inducted into office. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/president__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: president
trans_list: président | présidente
sense:
Primary leader of a corporation. Not to be confused with CEO, which is a related but separate position that is sometimes held by a different person.


lexentry: eng/press__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: press
trans_list: presser | appuyer
sense:
(ambitransitive) To exert weight or force against, to act upon with force or weight; to exert pressure upon.


lexentry: eng/press__Verb__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: press
trans_list: repasser
sense:
(transitive, sewing) To flatten a selected area of fabric using an iron with an up-and-down, not sliding, motion, so as to avoid disturbing adjacent areas.


lexentry: eng/pressed_duck__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pressed duck
trans_list: canard au sang
sense:
A traditional French dish consisting of various parts of a duck served in a sauce of its blood and bone marrow, which are extracted by way of a press.


lexentry: eng/presser_foot__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: presser foot
trans_list: pied presseur
sense:
(sewing) The part of a sewing machine which rests on the fabric and presses it down upon the table of the machine and against the feed dog.


lexentry: eng/presstitute__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: presstitute
trans_list: journalope | journapute
sense:
(derogatory, sometimes, attributive) A person or media entity that misleadingly tailors news to fit a particular partisan agenda.


lexentry: eng/pressure__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: pressure
trans_list: pression
sense:
(physics) The amount of force that is applied over a given area divided by the size of this area; force per unit area.


lexentry: eng/pressure_cooker__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pressure cooker
trans_list: autocuiseur | cocotte-minute | marmite à pression
sense:
(cookware) A sealed cooking vessel that allows cooking in greater than atmospheric pressure and at a temperature above the boiling point of water.


lexentry: eng/pressure_point__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pressure point
trans_list: point d'acupression | point de pression
sense:
(martial arts) A specific small area of the body targeted, due to a cluster of nerves being close to the skin, usually not protected by bone.


lexentry: eng/prestige__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prestige
trans_list: prestige
sense:
The quality of how good the reputation of something or someone is, how favourably something or someone is regarded.


lexentry: eng/presume__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: presume
trans_list: présumer | supposer
sense:
(transitive) To assume or suggest to be true (without proof); to take for granted, to suppose. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/presumption__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: presumption
trans_list: présomption
sense:
(legal) An inference that a trier of fact is either permitted or required to draw under certain factual circumstances (as prescribed by statute or case law) unless the party against whom the inference is drawn is able to rebut it with admissible, competent evidence.


lexentry: eng/presumption_of_innocence__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: presumption of innocence
trans_list: présomption d'innocence
sense:
(legal) The precept that someone will not be convicted of a crime unless (the judge, prosecutor, officer) proves guilt beyond a reasonable doubt and is non liquet, with there being no present burden of proof duty subjected on the accused to prove innocence.


lexentry: eng/presumptive__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: presumptive
trans_list: présomptif
sense:
Often postpositive, as in heir presumptive: of an heir or heiress: presumed to be entitled to inherit unless someone with a superior entitlement is born.


lexentry: eng/presumptuous__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: presumptuous
trans_list: présomptueux | outrecuidant
sense:
Making unwarranted presumptions or assumptions, often out of arrogance or excessive self-confidence, and thus exceeding what is appropriate or right.


lexentry: eng/presuppose__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: presuppose
trans_list: présupposer
sense:
To assume some truth without proof, usually for the purpose of reaching a conclusion based on that truth.


lexentry: eng/presymptomatic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: presymptomatic
trans_list: présymptomatique
sense:
(medicine) relating to the early stages of a disease, before all symptoms have developed and when therefore accurate diagnosis is not possible.


lexentry: eng/presynaptic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: presynaptic
trans_list: présynaptique
sense:
(cytology) In a synapse, of or pertaining to the neuron that releases neurotransmitter into the synaptic cleft.


lexentry: eng/pretend__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pretend
trans_list: prétendre | faire semblant
sense:
(intransitive, or, with 'that' clause, or, 'to' infinitive) To speak or behave so as to give a false or simulated appearance. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/pretender__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pretender
trans_list: prétendant | prétendante
sense:
A claimant to a throne or the office of a ruler; originally in a neutral sense, but now always applied to a claimant who is held to have no just title.


lexentry: eng/pretense__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pretense
trans_list: prétention
sense:
(countable, or, uncountable) The action of pretending; false or simulated show or appearance; false or hypocritical assertion or representation.


lexentry: eng/preterite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: preterite
trans_list: prétérit
sense:
(grammar) A grammatical tense or verb form serving to denote events that took place or were completed in the past.


lexentry: eng/prettify__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prettify
trans_list: enjoliver
sense:
To make pretty or prettier, to make more attractive, especially only in a superficial way. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/pretty_Polly__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pretty Polly
trans_list: Bonjour Jacquot
sense:
A phrase traditionally said to parrots, and a phrase that parrots are traditionally taught to speak.


lexentry: eng/pretty_penny__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pretty penny
trans_list: coûter les yeux de la tête | coûter un bras
sense:
(idiomatic, informal) Chiefly preceded by a: a considerable amount of money; a high income or price.


lexentry: eng/prevail__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prevail
trans_list: prévaloir | l'emporter | dominer
sense:
(intransitive) To be superior in strength, dominance, influence, or frequency; to have or gain the advantage over others; to have the upper hand; to outnumber others.


lexentry: eng/prevalence__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: prevalence
trans_list: prévalence
sense:
(epidemiology) The total number of cases of a disease in a given statistical population at a given time, divided by the number of individuals in that population.


lexentry: eng/prevaricate__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: prevaricate
trans_list: prévariquer
sense:
(intransitive, legal) To collude, as where an informer colludes with the defendant, and makes a sham prosecution.


lexentry: eng/prevarication__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: prevarication
trans_list: subterfuge | échappatoire | dérobade | faux-fuyant
sense:
(law) A false or deceitful seeming to undertake a thing for the purpose of defeating or destroying it.


lexentry: eng/prevention__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: prevention
trans_list: prévention
sense:
(medicine) Any measure intended to limit health-related risks (such as information campaigns, vaccination, early diagnosis etc.).


lexentry: eng/preverbal__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: preverbal
trans_list: préverbal
sense:
(psychology, linguistics) At an early stage of development in which one is not yet able to communicate by means of words.


lexentry: eng/preview__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: preview
trans_list: aperçu | prévisualisation
sense:
(computing) A facility for viewing and checking a document or photo, or changes to it, before saving or printing it.


lexentry: eng/preview__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: preview
trans_list: diffuser | prévisualiser | prévoir
sense:
(computing, transitive) To show something in advance, a facility for viewing and checking a document or photo, or changes to it, before saving or printing it.


lexentry: eng/prey__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: prey
trans_list: butin | prise
sense:
(archaic) Anything, such as goods, etc., taken or got by violence; something taken by force from an enemy in war.


lexentry: eng/priapism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: priapism
trans_list: priapisme
sense:
(pathology) A potentially painful or harmful medical condition in which the erect penis does not return to its flaccid state (despite the absence of both physical and psychological stimulation), often as a result of a spinal injury.


lexentry: eng/price_skimming__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: price skimming
trans_list: écrémage
sense:
(business) A price-setting strategy in which a new product or service is offered at the highest practical price (to capture consumer surplus or exploit a monopolistic position), and that price is then lowered over time.


lexentry: eng/price_war__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: price war
trans_list: guerre des prix
sense:
A situation where commercial competitors repeatedly undercut each other's prices in order to attract buyers.


lexentry: eng/prickly_saltwort__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prickly saltwort
trans_list: soude brûlée
sense:
Salsola kali (syn. Kali turgidum), a coastal, halophilic, annual plant, with succulent, spiny leaves.


lexentry: eng/prickteaser__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prickteaser
trans_list: allumeuse
sense:
(slang, vulgar, mostly, derogatory) A seductive woman, especially one who does not deliver what she promises.


lexentry: eng/pride__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pride
trans_list: fierté | orgueil
sense:
A sense of one's own worth; reasonable self-esteem and satisfaction (in oneself, in one's work, one's family, etc).


lexentry: eng/pride__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pride
trans_list: fierté | orgueil
sense:
An unreasonable overestimation of one's own superiority in terms of talents, or looks, wealth, importance, etc., which comes across as being haughty, lofty, and often showing contempt of others; exaggerated self-worth.


lexentry: eng/pride__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pride
trans_list: fierté | orgueil
sense:
Proud or disdainful behavior or treatment that reflects such an attitude (of haughtiness); arrogance.


lexentry: eng/pride__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: pride
trans_list: fierté | orgueil
sense:
That of which one is proud; that which excites self-congratulation and self-esteem (whether reasonable or arrogant), for example beauty, ornament, noble character, children, etc.


lexentry: eng/pride_parade__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pride parade
trans_list: marche des fiertés
sense:
An annual parade, held in communities in many parts of the world, celebrating lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex pride and culture and the acceptance of people belonging to sexual minorities.


lexentry: eng/prie-dieu__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prie-dieu
trans_list: prie-Dieu
sense:
A piece of furniture on which someone can pray, consisting of a cushioned area to kneel on, with a built-in ledge for books. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/priest__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: priest
trans_list: prêtre | prêtresse | sacrificateur | sacrificatrice
sense:
A religious clergyman (clergywoman, clergyperson) who is trained to perform services or sacrifices at a church or temple.


lexentry: eng/prig__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prig
trans_list: bégueule
sense:
A deliberately superior person; a person who demonstrates an exaggerated conformity or propriety, especially in an irritatingly arrogant or smug manner.


lexentry: eng/prima_donna__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: prima donna
trans_list: prima donna
sense:
(derogatory) A person who considers themself much more important than others, has high expectations of others and becomes angry when their standards or demands are not met.


lexentry: eng/primacy_effect__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: primacy effect
trans_list: effet de primauté
sense:
The increased ability to remember items presented earlier, such as the first items in a list: the early-position aspect of the serial position effect.


lexentry: eng/primal__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: primal
trans_list: elemental
sense:
(meat trade) Being one of the pieces of meat initially separated from the carcass during butchering, prior to division into smaller cuts.


lexentry: eng/primary_care__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: primary care
trans_list: soins de santé primaires
sense:
(healthcare) The medical attention that a patient receives upon first contact with a healthcare system; either a general practitioner or the A&E or ER department of a hospital.


lexentry: eng/primary_color__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: primary color
trans_list: couleur primaire
sense:
Any of three colors which, when added to or subtracted from others in different amounts, can generate all other colors


lexentry: eng/primary_colour__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: primary colour
trans_list: couleur primaire
sense:
(British spelling) Any of three colours which, when added to or subtracted from others in different amounts, can generate all other colours


lexentry: eng/primary_education__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: primary education
trans_list: enseignement primaire
sense:
The basic schooling given to children up to the age of puberty, including reading, writing, and basic mathematics.


lexentry: eng/primary_key__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: primary key
trans_list: clé primaire
sense:
(computing, databases) In the design of a database table, the primary key (abbreviated PK) is selected among the non-empty set of candidate keys. The PK is a column (or an irreducible group of columns) able to identify every row of the table.


lexentry: eng/primary_producer__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: primary producer
trans_list: producteur
sense:
(biology) An autotrophic organism producing complex organic matter, using photosynthesis or chemosynthesis.


lexentry: eng/primary_school__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: primary school
trans_list: école primaire
sense:
(British, Australian, sometimes, Philippines, schools) A formal, obligatory kind of school that typically begins with nursery school or first grade and ends at fifth or sixth grade.


lexentry: eng/primary_source__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: primary source
trans_list: source primaire
sense:
(scholarly studies) An original work, especially one by a notable author whose work is now the subject of commentaries (secondary sources).


lexentry: eng/primate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: primate
trans_list: primate | primat
sense:
(zoology) A mammal of the order Primates, including apes (which include humans), monkeys, lemurs, tarsiers, lorisids, and galagos.


lexentry: eng/primate__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: primate
trans_list: primat | primate
sense:
(Christianity) In the Catholic Church, a rare title conferred to or claimed by the sees of certain archbishops, or the highest-ranking bishop of a present or historical, usually political circumscription.


lexentry: eng/primate__Noun__2
sense_num: 03
written_rep: primate
trans_list: primat | primate
sense:
(Christianity) In the Anglican Church, an archbishop, or the highest-ranking bishop of an ecclesiastic province.


lexentry: eng/prime__Adjective__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: prime
trans_list: premier
sense:
(mathematics, lay) Having exactly two integral factors: itself and unity (1 in the case of integers).


lexentry: eng/prime_meridian__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prime meridian
trans_list: méridien d’origine | premier méridien
sense:
The reference line at 0° longitude, passing through Greenwich, England, from which longitude east and west is measured.


lexentry: eng/prime_minister__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prime minister
trans_list: premier ministre | première ministre | chef du gouvernement
sense:
The chief member of the cabinet and head of the government, especially in a parliamentary democracy; often the leader of the majority party.


lexentry: eng/prime_number__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prime number
trans_list: nombre premier
sense:
(number theory) Any natural number greater than 1 that cannot be formed by multiplying two smaller natural numbers.


lexentry: eng/prime_suspect__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prime suspect
trans_list: suspect principal
sense:
(legal) A person who is considered by the law enforcement agency investigating a crime to be the most likely suspect.


lexentry: eng/prime_time__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prime time
trans_list: heure de plus grande écoute | première partie de soirée
sense:
(television, radio) The block of programming on television during the middle of the evening, usually between 7:00 pm and 11:00 pm.


lexentry: eng/primer__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: primer
trans_list: amorce
sense:
Any substance or device, such as priming wire or blasting cap, used to ignite gunpowder or other explosive.


lexentry: eng/primer__Noun__2
sense_num: 07
written_rep: primer
trans_list: amorce
sense:
(biochemistry, genetics) A molecule which initiates the synthesis of an enzyme, (especially) a single-stranded nucleic acid molecule which initiates DNA replication.


lexentry: eng/primeval_forest__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: primeval forest
trans_list: forêt primaire | forêt vierge
sense:
A forest unaffected by humans, typically containing large live trees, large dead trees, and large logs.


lexentry: eng/primipara__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: primipara
trans_list: primipare
sense:
(obstetrics, veterinary medicine) A woman or female animal during or after her first pregnancy. [from mid 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/primitive__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: primitive
trans_list: primitif
sense:
(linguistics) An original or primary word; a word not derived from another, as opposed to derivative.


lexentry: eng/primitive__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: primitive
trans_list: primitive
sense:
(programming) A data type that is built into the programming language, as opposed to more complex structures.


lexentry: eng/primitive_root__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: primitive root
trans_list: racine primitive
sense:
(mathematics, number theory) For a given modulus n, a number g such that for every a coprime to n there exists an integer k such that gk ≡ a (mod n); a generator (or primitive element) of the multiplicative group, modulo n, of integers relatively prime to n.


lexentry: eng/primitivism__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: primitivism
trans_list: primitivisme
sense:
Any of a group of related styles in the arts, influenced by a belief in the superiority of primitive forms.


lexentry: eng/primogeniture__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: primogeniture
trans_list: droit d'aînesse | primogéniture
sense:
The principle that the eldest child, traditionally the eldest male, has an exclusive right of inheritance.


lexentry: eng/primordial_soup__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: primordial soup
trans_list: soupe primordiale
sense:
(informal, evolutionary theory) The state of the Earth's oceans at a very early time in the planet's history, during the early development of multicellular organisms.


lexentry: eng/primorial__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: primorial
trans_list: primorielle
sense:
(number theory) Any number belonging to the integer sequence whose nth element is the product of the first n primes.


lexentry: eng/prince__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: prince
trans_list: prince
sense:
A male member of a royal family other than the ruler; especially (in the United Kingdom) the son or grandson of the monarch. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/prince_bishop__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prince bishop
trans_list: prince-évêque
sense:
A bishop who also holds a secular princely rank, regardless whether its territory concurs wholly or partially with his diocese.


lexentry: eng/prince_regent__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prince regent
trans_list: prince régent
sense:
A prince who rules a country as a regent in place of a monarch who is unfit to rule for a particular reason.


lexentry: eng/princess__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: princess
trans_list: princesse
sense:
A female member of a royal family other than a queen, especially a daughter or granddaughter of a monarch. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/principal__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: principal
trans_list: principal
sense:
(finance, uncountable) The money originally invested or loaned, on which basis interest and returns are calculated.


lexentry: eng/principal__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: principal
trans_list: donneur d'ordre | mandant | maître de l'affaire | principal
sense:
(law) A legal person that authorizes another (the agent) to act on their behalf; or on whose behalf an agent or gestor in a negotiorum gestio acts.


lexentry: eng/principal__Noun__1
sense_num: 09
written_rep: principal
trans_list: directeur | proviseur | principal | directrice | proviseure
sense:
(architecture, engineering) The construction that gives shape and strength to a roof, generally a truss of timber or iron; or, loosely, the most important member of a piece of framing.


lexentry: eng/principal_part__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: principal part
trans_list: lemme
sense:
Any of the forms of a word which contain its stem(s) in the simplest form, or such a form that, when taken with all the other principal parts (showing various inflections), allows the entire paradigm to be derived.


lexentry: eng/principal_photography__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: principal photography
trans_list: tournage principal
sense:
(cinematography) The phase of film production during which the film is actually shot, as distinct from pre-production and post-production.


lexentry: eng/principality__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: principality
trans_list: principauté
sense:
(theology, countable) A spiritual being, specifically in Christian angelology, the third lowest level of angels, ranked above archangels and below powers. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/principate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: principate
trans_list: principat
sense:
(Ancient Rome) The early period of the Roman Empire, during which some characteristics of the government of the Roman Republic were retained; the reign of any particular emperor during said period.


lexentry: eng/principle_of_charity__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: principle of charity
trans_list: principe de charité
sense:
(philosophy, rhetoric) The principle according to which an argument should be evaluated in light of its best, strongest possible interpretation.


lexentry: eng/principle_of_least_astonishment__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: principle of least astonishment
trans_list: principe de moindre surprise
sense:
(software, user interface, design) A principle that the design should match the user's experience, expectations, and mental models.


lexentry: eng/print__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: print
trans_list: imprimé
sense:
(uncountable) Books and other material created by printing presses, considered collectively or as a medium.


lexentry: eng/print__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: print
trans_list: imprimer
sense:
(transitive) To produce one or more copies of a text or image on a surface, especially by machine; often used with out or off: print out, print off.


lexentry: eng/printed_circuit_board__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: printed circuit board
trans_list: circuit imprimé
sense:
(electronics) A flat board that holds chips and other electronic components in layers that interconnect by means of copper pathways, often called traces.


lexentry: eng/printed_matter__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: printed matter
trans_list: imprimé
sense:
Printed material produced by printers and publishers, including books, magazines, brochures, booklets, publicity material and newspapers, especially in relation to less expensive postage rates for such material.


lexentry: eng/printer__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: printer
trans_list: imprimeur | imprimeuse
sense:
(printing) The operator of a printing press or the owner of a printing business; (metonymy) any printing business.


lexentry: eng/printer__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: printer
trans_list: imprimante | imprimeur
sense:
(computer hardware) A device, usually attached to a computer, used to print text or images onto paper; an analogous device capable of producing three-dimensional objects.


lexentry: eng/printing__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: printing
trans_list: imprimerie | tirage
sense:
(uncountable) The process or business of producing printed material by means of inked type and a printing press or similar technology.


lexentry: eng/prion__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prion
trans_list: prion
sense:
(molecular biology) A self-propagating misfolded conformer of a protein that is responsible for a number of diseases that affect the brain and other neural tissue.


lexentry: eng/prior__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: prior
trans_list: a priori
sense:
(Bayesian, _, statistics) Chiefly in prior probability: of the probability of an event: determined without knowledge of the occurrence of other events that bear on it, before additional data is collected.


lexentry: eng/prior__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: prior
trans_list: antécédents | casier (judiciaire)
sense:
(Canada, US, law enforcement, chiefly, in the plural) A previous arrest or criminal conviction on someone's criminal record. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/priority_seat__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: priority seat
trans_list: place prioritaire
sense:
A seat on public transport reserved for use by people with disabilities, the elderly, pregnant women and others in need.


lexentry: eng/prism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prism
trans_list: prisme
sense:
(geometry) A polyhedron with parallel ends of the same polygonal shape and size, the other faces being parallelogram-shaped sides.


lexentry: eng/prism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prism
trans_list: prisme
sense:
(optics) A transparent block in the shape of a prism (sense 1), typically with triangular ends, used to reflect or refract light.


lexentry: eng/prison__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prison
trans_list: prison | pénitencier | geôle | cabane
sense:
A place or institution where people are held against their will, in the US especially for long-term confinement, as of those convicted of serious crimes or otherwise considered undesirable by the government.


lexentry: eng/prison_guard__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prison guard
trans_list: garde-chiourme | gardien de prison | surveillant pénitentiaire
sense:
(law enforcement) An armed person working to provide order, security, discipline, punishment, and prevent escapes of prisoners in a jail that answers to a warden.


lexentry: eng/prisoner_of_war__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prisoner of war
trans_list: prisonnier de guerre | prisonnière de guerre
sense:
A combatant or soldier who is captured by an enemy power during or immediately after an armed conflict. [from early 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/privacy__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: privacy
trans_list: intimité
sense:
(uncountable) Freedom from damaging publicity, public scrutiny, surveillance, and disclosure of personal information, usually by a government or a private organization.


lexentry: eng/privacy_policy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: privacy policy
trans_list: politique de confidentialité
sense:
(legal) A statement detailing policies that an organization or party uses to collect or hide information about an end user or customer of the organization, particularly where it concerns private information.


lexentry: eng/privatdozent__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: privatdozent
trans_list: privat-docent
sense:
In some European countries, an academic who holds all formal qualifications (doctorate and habilitation) to become a tenured university professor.


lexentry: eng/private_car__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: private car
trans_list: voiture personnel
sense:
A car that is for personal use and owned privately, as opposed to a company car or official car etc.


lexentry: eng/private_detective__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: private detective
trans_list: détective privé | privé
sense:
Person who is not a government official who is hired to provide information about a person or group that is not widely available


lexentry: eng/private_first_class__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: private first class
trans_list: soldat de première classe | soldat première
sense:
(US) An enlisted rank in the United States Army, of rank E-3, ranking above a private and below a corporal or specialist.


lexentry: eng/private_international_law__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: private international law
trans_list: droit international privé
sense:
The law of a state that decides the law of which state is applied to legal relationships in civil and commercial matters that contain foreign elements.


lexentry: eng/private_law__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: private law
trans_list: droit privé
sense:
(legal) The area of law pertaining to the relationships between private persons (natural or legal persons including corporations), as opposed to relations between the state and private persons.


lexentry: eng/private_life__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: private life
trans_list: vie privée
sense:
The aspects of one's life that are personal, such as family, friends and other personal relationships, as opposed to the elements that make up one's public or professional life.


lexentry: eng/private_member's_bill__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: private member's bill
trans_list: proposition de loi
sense:
(legal, British, Canadian, Australian) A proposed law introduced by a member of a legislature who is not acting on behalf of the executive government.


lexentry: eng/private_message__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: private message
trans_list: message privé
sense:
(Internet) A message sent to another user of a social media or chat platform through a private channel as opposed to a publicly accessible area or chatroom.


lexentry: eng/private_parts__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: private parts
trans_list: parties intimes
sense:
(euphemistic) Those parts of the human body commonly expected to be covered by clothing when in public; especially, the pubic area.


lexentry: eng/private_property__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: private property
trans_list: propriété privée
sense:
(law, property law) Property to which individuals or corporations have certain exclusive property rights, but do not necessarily possess.


lexentry: eng/private_sector__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: private sector
trans_list: secteur privé
sense:
(business) All organizations in an economy or jurisdiction that are not controlled by government, including privately owned businesses and not-for-profit organizations.


lexentry: eng/privateer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: privateer
trans_list: corsaire
sense:
(historical) A privately owned warship that acted under a letter of marque to attack enemy merchant ships and take possession of their cargo. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/privateer__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: privateer
trans_list: corsaire
sense:
(historical) An officer or any other member of the crew of such a ship; a government-sanctioned pirate. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/privation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: privation
trans_list: privation
sense:
(philosophy) The state of being deprived of or lacking an attribute formerly or properly possessed; the loss or absence of such an attribute.


lexentry: eng/privilege__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: privilege
trans_list: privilège
sense:
(ecclesiastical law, now, chiefly, historical) An exemption from certain laws granted by the Pope. [from 8th c.]


lexentry: eng/privilege__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: privilege
trans_list: privilège
sense:
(countable) A particular benefit, advantage, or favor; a right or immunity enjoyed by some but not others; a prerogative, preferential treatment. [from 10th c.]


lexentry: eng/privilege__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: privilege
trans_list: privilégier
sense:
(archaic, transitive) To grant some particular right or exemption to; to invest with a peculiar right or immunity; to authorize


lexentry: eng/prize__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: prize
trans_list: prix
sense:
An honour or reward striven for in a competitive contest; anything offered to be competed for, or as an inducement to, or reward of, effort.


lexentry: eng/pro-choice__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: pro-choice
trans_list: pro-choix
sense:
Supportive in general of a person's right to choose; supportive of self-determination, bodily integrity, and individual sovereignty.


lexentry: eng/pro_bono__Prepositional_phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pro bono
trans_list: bénévolement
sense:
(legal, medicine) Without charging a fee, done without fee, generally for clients or patients of limited means.


lexentry: eng/pro_forma__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pro forma
trans_list: pour la forme
sense:
Occurring, undertaken, or performed as a perfunctory matter, in the interest of form, or for the sake of formality.


lexentry: eng/proa__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: proa
trans_list: prao
sense:
A sailing vessel found in the waters of Micronesia and Indonesia; it has a single, large outrigger and a triangular sail.


lexentry: eng/probability_measure__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: probability measure
trans_list: mesure de probabilité
sense:
(mathematics) A mathematical measure on a probability space that can take on values between 0 and 1, with 0 corresponding to the empty set and 1 to the entire space.


lexentry: eng/probability_theory__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: probability theory
trans_list: théorie des probabilités | calcul des probabilités | proba
sense:
(mathematics) The mathematical study of probability (the likelihood of occurrence of random events in order to predict the behavior of defined systems).


lexentry: eng/probation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: probation
trans_list: période d'essai
sense:
A period of time when a person occupies a position only conditionally and may be removed if certain conditions are not met.


lexentry: eng/probation__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: probation
trans_list: liberté conditionnelle
sense:
(legal) A type of sentence where convicted criminals are permitted to continue living in a community but will automatically be sent to jail if they violate certain conditions.


lexentry: eng/probation_officer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: probation officer
trans_list: agent de probation
sense:
A law enforcement officer who supervises offenders who have been released from incarceration and, often, recommends sentencing in courts of law.


lexentry: eng/probative__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: probative
trans_list: concluant
sense:
(legal) Tending to prove a particular proposition or to persuade someone of the truth of an allegation.


lexentry: eng/probe-and-drogue__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: probe-and-drogue
trans_list: tuyau et panier
sense:
(aeronautics) Pertaining to a method of aerial refuelling whereby a probe from the receiving aircraft fits into a trailing hose with drogue attachment from a tanker aircraft.


lexentry: eng/probe__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: probe
trans_list: sonde | perche
sense:
(aeronautics) A tube attached to an aircraft which can be fitted into the drogue from a tanker aircraft to allow for aerial refuelling. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/probe__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: probe
trans_list: sonde
sense:
(sciences) A small device, especially an electrode, used to explore, investigate or measure something by penetrating or being placed in it. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/probe__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: probe
trans_list: sonde
sense:
(astronautics) A small, usually uncrewed, spacecraft used to acquire information or measurements about its surroundings. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/probe__Noun__1
sense_num: 09
written_rep: probe
trans_list: sonde
sense:
(biochemistry) Any group of atoms or molecules radioactively labeled in order to study a given molecule or other structure


lexentry: eng/probiotic__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: probiotic
trans_list: probiotique
sense:
(bacteriology) A food or dietary supplement, such as a yogurt, containing live bacteria for therapeutic reasons.


lexentry: eng/problem_child__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: problem child
trans_list: enfant perdu
sense:
(euphemistic) A child who is particularly difficult to raise or educate, especially due to a lack of self-control and disruptive and antisocial behavior.


lexentry: eng/problem_child__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: problem child
trans_list: enfant à problèmes
sense:
(idiomatic, by extension) Someone or something persistently difficult or vexing; a frequent source of trouble or annoyance.


lexentry: eng/proboscis_monkey__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: proboscis monkey
trans_list: nasique
sense:
Nasalis larvatus, a reddish-brown arboreal Old World monkey with an unusually large nose, endemic to Borneo.


lexentry: eng/procedural_law__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: procedural law
trans_list: droit processuel
sense:
(legal) The law that comprises the rule by which a court hears and determines what happens in civil or criminal proceedings.


lexentry: eng/procedure__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: procedure
trans_list: procédure
sense:
(uncountable) The set of established forms or methods of an organized body for accomplishing a certain task or tasks.


lexentry: eng/proceed__Verb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: proceed
trans_list: procéder
sense:
To go on in an orderly or regulated manner; to begin and carry on a series of acts or measures; to act methodically


lexentry: eng/proceeding__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: proceeding
trans_list: acte
sense:
(always in plural) A published collection of papers presented at an academic conference, or representing the acts of a learned society.


lexentry: eng/proceleusmatic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: proceleusmatic
trans_list: procéleusmatique
sense:
(poetry, not comparable) Consisting of four short syllables; composed of metrical feet of four short syllables each.


lexentry: eng/process__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: process
trans_list: digérer
sense:
(transitive, figurative) To think about a piece of information, or a concept, in order to assimilate it, and perhaps accept it in a modified state.


lexentry: eng/processed_cheese__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: processed cheese
trans_list: fromage à pâte fondue
sense:
Any of several types of natural cheese that are pasteurized to lengthen storage life and combined with emulsifiers to aid smoothness. In some cases, processed cheeses contain added colorings and preservatives.


lexentry: eng/procession__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: procession
trans_list: procession | cortège
sense:
A group of people or things moving along in an orderly, stately, or solemn manner; a train of persons advancing in order; a retinue.


lexentry: eng/proclaim__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: proclaim
trans_list: proclamer
sense:
(dated, or, historical) To make [something] the subject of an official proclamation bringing it within the scope of emergency powers


lexentry: eng/proclivity__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: proclivity
trans_list: penchant | tendance | inclination | propension
sense:
A predisposition or natural inclination, propensity, or a predilection; especially, a strong disposition or bent.


lexentry: eng/procrustean_bed__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: procrustean bed
trans_list: lit de Procuste
sense:
An arbitrary standard, especially one that is forced upon people for the sake of conformity and involves the sacrifice of what is useful.


lexentry: eng/proctor__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: proctor
trans_list: surveillant
sense:
(North America, Philippines) A person who supervises students as they take an examination, in the United States at the college/university level; often the department secretary, or a fellow/graduate student; an invigilator.


lexentry: eng/prodigal_son__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prodigal son
trans_list: fils prodigue
sense:
Someone who returns home from travelling or exile or who is welcomed back after disgrace, especially having repented of former extravagant or immoral behavior.


lexentry: eng/prodrome__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: prodrome
trans_list: prodrome
sense:
(medicine) An early sign or symptom (or set of signs and symptoms) warning of the onset of a disease.


lexentry: eng/produce__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: produce
trans_list: produits
sense:
Harvested agricultural goods collectively, especially vegetables and fruit, but possibly including eggs, dairy products and meat; the saleable food products of farms.


lexentry: eng/producer__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: producer
trans_list: producteur | productrice
sense:
(UK, Irish, slang) An arrest for speeding after which the driver is allowed seven (in the UK) or ten (in Ireland) days to produce his/her driving licence and related documents at a police station.


lexentry: eng/producer_price_index__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: producer price index
trans_list: indice des prix à la consommation
sense:
(economics) A price index that measures the average changes in prices received by domestic producers for their output.


lexentry: eng/product__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: product
trans_list: produit
sense:
(mathematics) Any operation or a result thereof which generalises multiplication of numbers, like the multiplicative operation in a ring, product of types or a categorical product.


lexentry: eng/product__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: product
trans_list: produit
sense:
Any tangible or intangible good or service that is a result of a process and that is intended for delivery to a customer or end user.


lexentry: eng/product_placement__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: product placement
trans_list: placement de produit
sense:
(marketing) A form of advertising where a brand or product is incorporated into non-advertising media such as films.


lexentry: eng/production_line__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: production line
trans_list: ligne de production
sense:
(manufacturing) A set of sequential operations established in a factory whereby materials are put through a refining process or components are assembled to make a finished article.


lexentry: eng/productization__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: productization
trans_list: productisation
sense:
(computing, business) The act of modifying something, such as a concept or a tool internal to an organization, to make it suitable as a commercial product.


lexentry: eng/proembryo__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: proembryo
trans_list: pro-embryon | proembryon
sense:
(botany) A cluster of cells in the ovule of a fertilized flowering plant that has not yet formed into an embryo


lexentry: eng/profane__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: profane
trans_list: profaner
sense:
(transitive) To violate (something sacred); to treat with abuse, irreverence, obloquy, or contempt; to desecrate


lexentry: eng/profanity__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: profanity
trans_list: impiété
sense:
(uncountable) The quality of being profane; quality of irreverence, of treating sacred things with contempt.


lexentry: eng/profess__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: profess
trans_list: accepter
sense:
(transitive, chiefly, passive) To administer the vows of a religious order to (someone); to admit to a religious order. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/profess__Verb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: profess
trans_list: affirmer
sense:
(transitive) To make a claim (to be something); to lay claim to (a given quality, feeling etc.), often with connotations of insincerity. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/profession__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: profession
trans_list: profession
sense:
The declaration of belief in the principles of a religion; hence, one's faith or religion. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/profession__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: profession
trans_list: profession | corps de métier
sense:
An occupation, trade, craft, or activity in which one has a professed expertise in a particular area; a job, especially one requiring a high level of skill or training. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/profession_of_faith__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: profession of faith
trans_list: profession de foi
sense:
(religion) A creed; a (typically formulaic) statement of the beliefs of one's religion, often recited during public prayers or liturgies.


lexentry: eng/profession_of_faith__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: profession of faith
trans_list: profession de foi
sense:
(religion, Christianity, specifically) A formulaic declaration asserting the orthodoxy of one's beliefs, usually made at baptism, entry into a particular Church, or upon the acceptance of an ecclesial office, and typically including the recitation of a creed.


lexentry: eng/professional_wrestling__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: professional wrestling
trans_list: catch
sense:
A form of sports entertainment characterized by the performance of choreographed wrestling matches with predetermined outcomes.


lexentry: eng/professionalism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: professionalism
trans_list: professionnalisme
sense:
The status, methods, character or standards expected of a professional or of a professional organization, such as reliability, discretion, evenhandedness, and fair play.


lexentry: eng/professor__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: professor
trans_list: professeur | professeure | professeuse | prof
sense:
(US, Philippines, informal) A teacher or faculty member at a college or university regardless of formal rank.


lexentry: eng/professorial__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: professorial
trans_list: professoral
sense:
Of, relating to, or characteristic of a professor or professors, or of a professorship or professorships.


lexentry: eng/profile__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: profile
trans_list: profil
sense:
(Internet, countable) A specific page or field in which users can provide various types of personal information in software or Internet systems.


lexentry: eng/profinite_group__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: profinite group
trans_list: groupe profini
sense:
(topology, category theory) A topological group that is isomorphic to the inverse limit of some inverse system of discrete finite groups; equivalently, a topological group that is also a Stone space.


lexentry: eng/profit__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: profit
trans_list: bénéfice | profit
sense:
(accounting, economics) Total income or cash flow minus expenditures. The money or other benefit a non-governmental organization or individual receives in exchange for products and services sold at an advertised price.


lexentry: eng/profit_sharing__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: profit sharing
trans_list: participation aux bénéfices
sense:
A system in which some of the profit of an enterprise are divided among the workers, giving them an incentive for profits without an equity interest.


lexentry: eng/profit_warning__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: profit warning
trans_list: alerte sur résultats
sense:
(stock market) An announcement by a company to its shareholders and other investors that its profits are likely to be less than expected.


lexentry: eng/profiteering__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: profiteering
trans_list: escroquerie
sense:
The act of making an unreasonable profit not justified by the corresponding assumption of risk, or by doing so unethically or opportunistically.


lexentry: eng/profound__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: profound
trans_list: profond
sense:
Intellectually deep; entering far into subjects; reaching to the bottom of a matter, or of a branch of learning; thorough


lexentry: eng/progeria__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: progeria
trans_list: progéria
sense:
(pathology) An extremely rare genetic condition wherein symptoms resembling aspects of aging are manifested at an early age.


lexentry: eng/progesterone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: progesterone
trans_list: progestérone
sense:
(steroid hormone, uncountable) A steroid hormone, secreted by the ovaries, whose function is to prepare the uterus for the implantation of a fertilized ovum and to maintain pregnancy.


lexentry: eng/proglacial__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: proglacial
trans_list: proglaciaire
sense:
Situated in front, or outside the margins, of a glacier or ice sheet (and formed from its meltwaters).


lexentry: eng/prognosis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prognosis
trans_list: prognostic
sense:
A forecast of the future course or outcome of a situation based on what is presently known; a prediction. [from mid 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/prognosis__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: prognosis
trans_list: pronostic
sense:
(medicine) A forecast of the future course or outcome of a disease or disorder based on current medical knowledge. [from mid 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/prograde__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prograde
trans_list: prograde
sense:
(astronomy) Moving in a forward direction, especially with respect to other bodies in the same system.


lexentry: eng/program__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: program
trans_list: programme
sense:
(politics) A set of principal goals which are supported by a political party or individual candidate.


lexentry: eng/program__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: program
trans_list: programmer
sense:
(transitive) To enter a program or other instructions into (a computer or other electronic device) to instruct it to do a particular task.


lexentry: eng/program_music__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: program music
trans_list: musique à programme
sense:
(music) A form of art music, generally without vocal parts, that attempts to convey a scene, image, or mood.


lexentry: eng/program_trading__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: program trading
trans_list: trading haute fréquence | trading à haute fréquence
sense:
(business, finance, computing) High-volume and high-speed buying and selling of investment securities, such as stocks and bonds, which is initiated and executed by brokerage firms' computer programs that continually monitor market conditions.


lexentry: eng/programmable_logic_controller__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: programmable logic controller
trans_list: automate programmable industriel
sense:
A programmable electronic device used in industrial automation to provide logic and sequencing controls for machinery.


lexentry: eng/programming_language__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: programming language
trans_list: langage de programmation
sense:
(programming) A code of reserved words and symbols used in computer programs, which give instructions to the computer on how to accomplish certain computing tasks.


lexentry: eng/progress_bar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: progress bar
trans_list: barre de progression
sense:
(graphical user interface) A bar that indicates the progression of a task by gradually filling its empty space with solid colour.


lexentry: eng/progressive_rock__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: progressive rock
trans_list: rock progressif
sense:
(music genre) A rock music genre originating from the late 1960s and early 1970s, heavily influenced by classical music and jazz.


lexentry: eng/project_management__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: project management
trans_list: gestion de projet
sense:
(operations) The discipline of organizing and managing resources (e.g. people) in such a way that a project is completed within defined scope, quality, time and cost constraints.


lexentry: eng/projection__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: projection
trans_list: projection
sense:
The display of an image by devices such as movie projector, video projector, overhead projector or slide projector.


lexentry: eng/projection__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: projection
trans_list: projection
sense:
(psychology) A belief or assumption that others have similar thoughts and experiences to one's own, including making accusations that would more fittingly apply to the accuser.


lexentry: eng/projection__Noun__1
sense_num: 08
written_rep: projection
trans_list: projection
sense:
(cartography) Any of several systems of intersecting lines that allow the curved surface of the earth to be represented on a flat surface. The set of mathematics used to calculate coordinate positions.


lexentry: eng/projectionist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: projectionist
trans_list: opérateur
sense:
A person who operates a film projector, especially one who does so as an occupation at a movie theatre or drive-in theatre.


lexentry: eng/projective_geometry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: projective geometry
trans_list: géométrie projective
sense:
(mathematics) The branch of mathematics that investigates those properties of figures that are invariant under homographies, special kinds of spaces called projective spaces, and the geometric structures that inhabit them.


lexentry: eng/projector__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: projector
trans_list: projecteur
sense:
An optical device that projects a beam of light, especially one used to project an image (or moving images) onto a screen. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/prokaryote__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prokaryote
trans_list: procaryote
sense:
An organism whose cell (or cells) are characterized by the absence of a nucleus or any other membrane-bound organelles.


lexentry: eng/prolactin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prolactin
trans_list: prolactine
sense:
(hormone) A peptide gonadotrophic hormone secreted by the pituitary gland; it stimulates growth of the mammary glands and lactation in females.


lexentry: eng/prolative_case__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prolative case
trans_list: prolatif
sense:
(grammar) A declension, in some languages, of a noun or pronoun that has the basic meaning of "by way of".


lexentry: eng/proleg__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: proleg
trans_list: fausse patte
sense:
(entomology) An appendage of the abdomen of some insect larvae, such as caterpillars, which is used like a leg.


lexentry: eng/prolegomenon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prolegomenon
trans_list: prolégomènes
sense:
(usually, in the plural) A prefatory discussion; a formal essay or critical discussion serving to introduce and interpret an extended work.


lexentry: eng/prolepsis__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: prolepsis
trans_list: prolepse
sense:
(grammar, rhetoric) A construction that consists of placing an element in a syntactic unit before that to which it would logically correspond.


lexentry: eng/proleptic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: proleptic
trans_list: proleptique
sense:
(of a calendar) Extrapolated to dates prior to its first adoption; of those used to adjust to or from the Julian calendar or Gregorian calendar.


lexentry: eng/proletariat__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: proletariat
trans_list: prolétariat
sense:
(often, derogatory, also, figuratively) The lowest class of society; also, the lower classes of society generally; the masses.


lexentry: eng/proletariat__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: proletariat
trans_list: prolétariat
sense:
(Marxism) Wage earners collectively; people who own no capital and depend on their labour for survival; the working class, especially when seen as engaged in a class struggle with the bourgeoisie.


lexentry: eng/proletariat__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: proletariat
trans_list: prolétariat
sense:
(chiefly, Ancient Rome, historical) The lowest class of citizens, who had no property and few rights, and were regarded as contributing only their offspring to the state.


lexentry: eng/proliferation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: proliferation
trans_list: prolifération
sense:
(uncountable) The process by which an organism produces others of its kind; breeding, propagation, procreation, reproduction.


lexentry: eng/prolific__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prolific
trans_list: prolifique | fécond
sense:
Fertile; producing offspring or fruit in abundance, applied to plants producing fruit, animals producing young, etc.


lexentry: eng/proline__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: proline
trans_list: proline
sense:
(amino acid) A nonessential amino acid C5H9NO2 found in most animal proteins, especially collagen; its cyclic structure leads to kinks in the peptide chain of proteins.


lexentry: eng/prom__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: prom
trans_list: bal de promo | bal des finissants | bal du printemps
sense:
(US) A formal ball held at a high school or college on special occasions; e.g., near the end of the academic year.


lexentry: eng/promenade__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: promenade
trans_list: promenoir
sense:
A place where one takes a walk for leisurely pleasure, or for exercise, especially a terrace by the seaside.


lexentry: eng/prominence__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: prominence
trans_list: protubérance
sense:
(astronomy) A gaseous projection, often loop-shaped, springing from the surface of the Sun or a star.


lexentry: eng/promiscuous__Adjective__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: promiscuous
trans_list: promiscue
sense:
(networking) The mode in which an NIC gathers all network traffic instead of getting only the traffic intended for it.


lexentry: eng/promise__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: promise
trans_list: promesse
sense:
(countable, legal) A transaction between two persons whereby the first person undertakes in the future to render some service or gift to the second person or devotes something valuable now and here to his use.


lexentry: eng/promise__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: promise
trans_list: promettre
sense:
(ambitransitive, ditransitive) To commit to (some action or outcome), or to assure (a person) of such commitment; to make an oath or vow.


lexentry: eng/promissory_note__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: promissory note
trans_list: billet à ordre
sense:
(finance) A document saying that someone owes a specific amount of money to someone else, often with the deadline and interest fees; the primary purposes of a promissory note are to evidence the debt obligation incurred, and to establish terms for payment thereof.


lexentry: eng/promote__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: promote
trans_list: faire la promotion de... | promouvoir
sense:
(transitive) To advocate or urge on behalf of (something or someone); to attempt to popularize or sell by means of advertising or publicity.


lexentry: eng/promoter__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: promoter
trans_list: promoteur
sense:
(genetics) The section of DNA that controls the initiation of RNA transcription as a product of a gene.


lexentry: eng/promotional__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: promotional
trans_list: promotionnel | publicitaire
sense:
Of or relating to an advertising promotion; serving to promote a service, institution, business, etc.


lexentry: eng/prompt__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: prompt
trans_list: invite de commande
sense:
(computing) A sequence of characters that is displayed to indicate that a computer is ready to receive input.


lexentry: eng/prompt__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: prompt
trans_list: inciter | souffler
sense:
(transitive, theater, and, television) To show or tell (an actor/person) the words they should be saying, or actions they should be doing.


lexentry: eng/prompt__Verb__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: prompt
trans_list: prompter
sense:
(transitive, ML) To provide textual input in the form of ordinary language to (an artificial intelligence or language model) to have it generate a desired output.


lexentry: eng/prompter's_box__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prompter's box
trans_list: trou
sense:
The raised box in the apron of a stage, opening towards the actors. The prompter sits inside with the prompter's book, ready to give cues for missed or forgotten lines.


lexentry: eng/prone__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: prone
trans_list: couché sur le ventre
sense:
Of the hand, forearm or foot: turned facing away from the body; with the thumb inward or big toe downward.


lexentry: eng/pronoia__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pronoia
trans_list: pronoia
sense:
(historical, Byzantine Empire) An imperial grant to an individual of temporary fiscal rights in the form of land, incomes or taxes from land, fishing rights, etc., sometimes carrying with it an obligation of military service.


lexentry: eng/pronoia__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pronoia
trans_list: pronoïa
sense:
(psychology) A belief (sometimes regarded as irrational) that people conspire to do one good. [from 1981]


lexentry: eng/pronominal_adverb__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pronominal adverb
trans_list: adverbe pronominal
sense:
(grammar) An adverb which contains a pronominal element; generally such an adverb replaces a phrase of preposition + pronoun.


lexentry: eng/pronominal_verb__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pronominal verb
trans_list: verbe pronominal
sense:
(linguistics, grammar) A form of verb that has an attached pronoun in some languages (e.g. French, Spanish).


lexentry: eng/pronoun__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pronoun
trans_list: pronom
sense:
(grammar) A type of word that refers anaphorically to a noun or noun phrase, but which cannot ordinarily be preceded by a determiner and rarely takes an attributive adjective.


lexentry: eng/proof__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: proof
trans_list: preuve | démonstration
sense:
(countable) An effort, process, or operation designed to establish or discover a fact or truth; an act of testing; a test; a trial.


lexentry: eng/proof__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: proof
trans_list: preuve
sense:
(uncountable) The degree of evidence which convinces the mind of any truth or fact, and produces belief; a test by facts or arguments which induce, or tend to induce, certainty of the judgment; conclusive evidence; demonstration.


lexentry: eng/proof__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: proof
trans_list: épreuve
sense:
(countable, printing) A proof sheet; a trial impression, as from type, taken for correction or examination.


lexentry: eng/proof__Noun__1
sense_num: 09
written_rep: proof
trans_list: preuve
sense:
(countable, mathematics) A process for testing the accuracy of an operation performed. Compare prove, transitive verb, 5.


lexentry: eng/proof_by_contradiction__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: proof by contradiction
trans_list: preuve par l'absurde | raisonnement par l'absurde
sense:
(mathematics, logic) The proof of a statement adduced by deriving a contradiction from the statement's negation.


lexentry: eng/proofread__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: proofread
trans_list: relire
sense:
(transitive, and, intransitive) To check a written text for errors in spelling, grammar, syntax, and punctuation.


lexentry: eng/prop__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prop
trans_list: accessoire
sense:
(theater, film) An item placed on a stage or set to create a scene or scenario in which actors perform.


lexentry: eng/propaganda__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: propaganda
trans_list: propagande
sense:
(religion, historical) The propagation of the faith by the Catholic Church by means of missionary work etc.


lexentry: eng/propaganda_of_the_deed__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: propaganda of the deed
trans_list: propagande par le fait
sense:
A politically motivated act of violence, meant to broadcast an ideological message and serve as catalyst to ignite a spirit of socialist revolution among the proletariat against perceived oppressors.


lexentry: eng/propagate__Verb__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: propagate
trans_list: se propager
sense:
(biology, intransitive) To produce young; to be produced or multiplied by generation, or by new shoots or plants.


lexentry: eng/propagule__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: propagule
trans_list: propagule
sense:
(biology) A reproductive particle released by an organism in order to propagate itself, by means such as dispersal or infection, to the next stage in its life cycle. E.g., seeds, spores, endospores, microbial cysts, etc.


lexentry: eng/propanoic_acid__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: propanoic acid
trans_list: acide propanoïque
sense:
(fatty acid) The short chain aliphatic carboxylic acid, CH3CH2COOH, used as a preservative, and in the manufacture of many chemical compounds.


lexentry: eng/propel__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: propel
trans_list: propulser | catapulter
sense:
(transitive) To provide an impetus for motion or physical action; to cause to move in a certain direction; to drive or push forward.


lexentry: eng/propel__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: propel
trans_list: catapulter
sense:
(transitive, figurative) To provide an impetus for nonphysical change; to cause to arrive to a certain situation or result.


lexentry: eng/propellant__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: propellant
trans_list: ergol
sense:
fuel, oxidizer, reaction mass or mixture for one or more engines (especially internal combustion engines or jet engines) that is carried within a vehicle prior to use


lexentry: eng/propeller__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: propeller
trans_list: hélice
sense:
A mechanical device with evenly-shaped blades that turn on a shaft to push against air or water, especially one used to propel an aircraft or boat.


lexentry: eng/proper_noun__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: proper noun
trans_list: nom propre
sense:
(grammar) A word or phrase that is a noun denoting a particular person, place, organization, ship, animal, event, or other individual entity.


lexentry: eng/property_rights__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: property rights
trans_list: droit de propriété
sense:
(legal) The exclusive rights pertaining to the ownership and possession of a given piece of property.


lexentry: eng/propitiation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: propitiation
trans_list: expier
sense:
The act of propitiating; placation, atonement, similar to expiation but also involving the appeasement of anger.


lexentry: eng/propolis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: propolis
trans_list: propolis
sense:
An aromatic glue-like substance produced by honeybees from tree resin, waxes, and their own secretions, used in the construction of their hives.


lexentry: eng/proportional__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: proportional
trans_list: proportionnel
sense:
(mathematics) At a constant ratio (to). Two magnitudes (numbers) are said to be proportional if the second varies in a direct relation arithmetically to the first. Symbol: ∝.


lexentry: eng/proportional_representation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: proportional representation
trans_list: représentation proportionnelle
sense:
A voting principle aimed at securing a close match between the percentage of votes that groups of candidates (usually political parties) obtain in elections, and the percentage of seats they receive in the elected body.


lexentry: eng/proposal__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: proposal
trans_list: demande en mariage
sense:
(legal) The offer by a party of what they have in view as to an intended business transaction, which, with acceptance, constitutes a contract.


lexentry: eng/propositional_logic__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: propositional logic
trans_list: logique propositionnelle
sense:
(logic) A formal deductive system in which formulae representing propositions can be formed by combining atomic propositions using logical connectives.


lexentry: eng/propranolol__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: propranolol
trans_list: propranolol
sense:
(pharmaceutical drug) A synthetic compound which acts as a beta blocker and is used mainly in the treatment of cardiac arrhythmia.


lexentry: eng/proprietary__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: proprietary
trans_list: original
sense:
Created or manufactured exclusively by the owner or licensee of intellectual property rights, as with a patent or trade secret.


lexentry: eng/proprietary_eponym__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: proprietary eponym
trans_list: nom de marque générique | nom de marque lexicalisé
sense:
A successful brand name or trademark that has come into general use to refer to the generic class of objects rather than the specific brand type, usually without the exclusive rights to said product being lost by the parent company.


lexentry: eng/propriety__Noun__1
sense_num: 08
written_rep: propriety
trans_list: bienséance | bonnes manières | convenances | correction
sense:
(often, in the plural) Correctness in behaviour and morals; good manners, seemliness. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/propulsion__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: propulsion
trans_list: propulsion
sense:
The process of propelling, driving, or pushing, typically forward or onward; a propulsive force or impulse.


lexentry: eng/propylaeum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: propylaeum
trans_list: propylée
sense:
(historical, especially, _, Ancient Greece, _, &, _) A vestibule or entrance, (especially) to a temple.


lexentry: eng/propylene__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: propylene
trans_list: propylène
sense:
(organic compound) The organic chemical compound propene. An alkene which is a colorless gaseous (at room temperature and pressure) hydrocarbon with the chemical formula C3H6.


lexentry: eng/prorogue__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prorogue
trans_list: proroger
sense:
(transitive) To suspend (a parliamentary session) or to discontinue the meetings of (an assembly, parliament etc.) without formally ending the session. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/prosaic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: prosaic
trans_list: prosaïque
sense:
(main usage, usually of writing or speaking but also figurative) Overly plain, simple or commonplace, to the point of being boring.


lexentry: eng/proscenium__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: proscenium
trans_list: scène
sense:
(in an ancient, _, theater) The row of columns at the front the scene building, at first directly behind the circular orchestra but later upon a stage.


lexentry: eng/prosecution__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: prosecution
trans_list: vindicte
sense:
(legal) In many countries, a legal body and institution, usually part of the state apparatus, empowered to perform prosecution. Prosecutor's Office. See Prosecutor.


lexentry: eng/prosecutor__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: prosecutor
trans_list: procureur | procuratrice | procureuse
sense:
(law) A person, as a complainant, victim, or chief witness, who institutes prosecution in a criminal proceeding.


lexentry: eng/proselytize__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: proselytize
trans_list: prosélytiser
sense:
(by extension, ambitransitive) To advertise a non-religious belief, way of living, cause, point of view, (scientific) hypothesis, social or other position, political party, or other organization; to convince someone to join such a cause or organization or support such a position; to recruit someone.


lexentry: eng/prosopagnosia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prosopagnosia
trans_list: prosopagnosie
sense:
(neurology, pathology, psychology) A form of visual agnosia characterized by difficulty with face recognition despite intact low-level visual processing.


lexentry: eng/prosopopoeia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prosopopoeia
trans_list: prosopopée
sense:
(rhetoric) An act of personifying a person or object when communicating to an audience; a figure of speech involving this.


lexentry: eng/prospective__Adjective__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: prospective
trans_list: prospectif
sense:
(medicine, of research) Being a study that starts with the present situation and follows participants into the future


lexentry: eng/prospectus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prospectus
trans_list: prospectus
sense:
A document, distributed to prospective members, investors, buyers, or participants, which describes an institution (such as a university), a publication, or a business and what it has to offer.


lexentry: eng/prosper__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prosper
trans_list: prospérer
sense:
(intransitive) To be successful; to succeed; to be fortunate or prosperous; to thrive; to make gain.


lexentry: eng/prostaglandin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prostaglandin
trans_list: prostaglandine
sense:
(biochemistry) Any of a group of naturally occurring lipids derived from the C20 acid prostanoic acid; they have a number of physiological functions and may be considered to be hormones.


lexentry: eng/prostate_gland__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prostate gland
trans_list: glande prostatique
sense:
(anatomy) A gland in male mammals surrounding the urethra just below the urinary bladder that controls the release of urine from the bladder and produces a secretion that is the fluid part of semen.


lexentry: eng/prostatism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prostatism
trans_list: prostatisme
sense:
(pathology) Any of various minor disorders of the prostate gland, typically causing obstructed urination; also called lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS).


lexentry: eng/prosthodontics__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prosthodontics
trans_list: prothèse dentaire
sense:
Prosthetic dentistry: a specialty of dentistry concerned with the restoration or replacement of damaged or missing teeth or portions thereof.


lexentry: eng/prostitute__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: prostitute
trans_list: prostituée | prostitué | fille de joie | fille des rues
sense:
A person who does, or offers to do, a demeaning or dishonourable activity for money or personal gain; someone who acts in a dishonourable way for personal advantage. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/prostitute__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prostitute
trans_list: prostituer
sense:
(transitive, reflexive) To offer (oneself or someone else) for sexual activity in exchange for money. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/prostitute__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: prostitute
trans_list: prostituer
sense:
(transitive, derogatory) To sacrifice (oneself, one's talents etc.) in return for profit or other advantage; to exploit for base purposes.


lexentry: eng/protagonist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: protagonist
trans_list: protagoniste | héros | héroïne
sense:
(authorship) The main character, or one of the main characters, in any story, such as a literary work or drama.


lexentry: eng/protected__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: protected
trans_list: protégé
sense:
(programming, of a variable, method, etc.) Having the protected access modifier, indicating that a program element is accessible to subclasses but not to the program in general.


lexentry: eng/protection_money__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: protection money
trans_list: argent de racket
sense:
Money paid, especially at regular intervals, to criminals or to corrupt officials who threaten to cause harm to the payer or to his or her business if the money is not paid.


lexentry: eng/protection_racket__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: protection racket
trans_list: racket
sense:
(crime) A criminal scheme in which victims are required to pay in order to avoid violence or destruction of property.


lexentry: eng/protectionism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: protectionism
trans_list: protectionnisme
sense:
(politics, economics) A system or policy of protecting the domestic producers of a product from foreign competition by imposing tariffs, quotas, duties or other barriers on importations.


lexentry: eng/protectionist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: protectionist
trans_list: protectionniste
sense:
Someone who believes in protecting domestic producers by impeding or limiting the importation of foreign goods and services via actions taken by government.


lexentry: eng/protectorate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: protectorate
trans_list: protectorat
sense:
(UK, historical) Government by a protector; especially, The Protectorate: government of England, Scotland, and Ireland between 1653 and 1659 under the Lord Protector of the Commonwealth Oliver Cromwell, later his son Richard Cromwell.


lexentry: eng/protectorate__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: protectorate
trans_list: protectorat
sense:
The authority assumed by a state over another state deemed inferior or dependent, whereby the former protects the latter from invasion and shares in the management of its affairs but the protected state retains its nominal sovereignty.


lexentry: eng/protein__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: protein
trans_list: protéine | protide
sense:
(biochemistry, countable) Any of numerous large, complex naturally-produced molecules composed of one or more long chains of amino acids, in which the amino acid groups are held together by peptide bonds.


lexentry: eng/protein__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: protein
trans_list: protéine | protide
sense:
(nutrition, uncountable) One of three major classes of food or source of food energy (4 kcal/gram) abundant in animal-derived foods (meat) and some vegetables, such as legumes.


lexentry: eng/protein_shake__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: protein shake
trans_list: boisson protéinée
sense:
A beverage containing protein mixed with milk or water for the purposes of improved nutrition, especially in bodybuilding.


lexentry: eng/proteinuria__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: proteinuria
trans_list: protéinurie
sense:
(medicine) The presence of protein in the urine (which is always true in small amounts); and usually, more specifically, an excess (hyperproteinuria).


lexentry: eng/proteolysis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: proteolysis
trans_list: protéolyse
sense:
(biochemistry) The hydrolysis of proteins into peptides and amino acids, especially as part of the digestion of food.


lexentry: eng/proteome__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: proteome
trans_list: protéome
sense:
(biochemistry, genetics) The complete set of proteins encoded by a particular genome. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/proteomics__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: proteomics
trans_list: protéomique
sense:
(biochemistry) The branch of molecular biology that studies the set of proteins expressed by the genome of an organism.


lexentry: eng/prothesis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prothesis
trans_list: prothèse
sense:
(phonology) The prepending of phonemes at the beginning of a word without changing its morphological structure, as in Spanish esfera from Greek (via Latin) (without prothesis the word would have become *sfera).


lexentry: eng/prothonotary_warbler__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prothonotary warbler
trans_list: paruline orangée
sense:
A small North American bird, Protonotaria citrea, having a yellow body and blue wings; it breeds in swampland.


lexentry: eng/prothrombin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prothrombin
trans_list: prothrombine
sense:
(protein) A glycoprotein, produced in the liver, that is converted into thrombin during bleeding and subsequent clotting.


lexentry: eng/protist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: protist
trans_list: protiste
sense:
(microbiology) Any of the eukaryotic, usually unicellular organisms—including protozoans, slime molds and some algae—historically grouped into the kingdom Protista (or Protoctista), now distributed over several clades; any eukaryote that is not a plant, animal or fungus.


lexentry: eng/protium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: protium
trans_list: protium
sense:
(isotope) The lightest and most common isotope of hydrogen, having a single proton and no neutrons: 11H. It is the only stable nuclide with no neutrons.


lexentry: eng/proto-__Prefix__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: proto-
trans_list: proto-
sense:
(inorganic chemistry) A minimal proportion of a particular substance when in a combination. See protosalt.


lexentry: eng/proto-language__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: proto-language
trans_list: protolangue
sense:
(linguistics) A language which is reconstructed by examining similarities in existing languages in order to deduce the form and aspects of a common ancestor language that is no longer known.


lexentry: eng/proto-oncogene__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: proto-oncogene
trans_list: proto-oncogène
sense:
(genetics) A gene, promoting the specialization and division of normal cells, that could become an oncogene due to mutation.


lexentry: eng/protocol__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: protocol
trans_list: protocole
sense:
(international law, now, _, rare) An official record of a diplomatic meeting or negotiation; later specifically, a draft document setting out agreements to be signed into force by a subsequent formal treaty. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/protocol__Noun__1
sense_num: 08
written_rep: protocol
trans_list: protocole
sense:
The official rules and guidelines for heads of state and other dignitaries, governing accepted behaviour in relations with other diplomatic representatives or over affairs of state. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/protocol__Noun__1
sense_num: 10
written_rep: protocol
trans_list: protocole
sense:
(computing) A set of formal rules describing how to transmit or exchange data, especially across a network. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/protologism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: protologism
trans_list: protologisme
sense:
(neologism) A newly coined word or phrase defined in the hope that it will become common; a recently created term possibly in narrow use but not yet acknowledged.


lexentry: eng/protologue__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: protologue
trans_list: protologue
sense:
(botany, mycology) All the original material associated with a newly published name, comprising its description or diagnosis and any of a number of other elements such as illustrations, synonymy, etc.


lexentry: eng/proton__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: proton
trans_list: proton
sense:
(particle) A positively charged subatomic particle forming part of the nucleus of an atom and determining the atomic number of an element, composed of two up quarks and a down quark.


lexentry: eng/protonation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: protonation
trans_list: protonation
sense:
(chemistry) The addition of a proton (hydrogen ion) to an atom, molecule or ion, normally to generate a cation.


lexentry: eng/protoplanet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: protoplanet
trans_list: protoplanète
sense:
An astronomical object, approximately the size of the Moon, formed from the mutual gravitational attraction of planetesimals; they are thought to collide with each other and slowly form planets


lexentry: eng/protoplasm__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: protoplasm
trans_list: protoplasme
sense:
(cytology) The entire contents of a cell comprising the nucleus and the cytoplasm. It is a semi-fluid, transparent substance which is the living matter of plant and animal cells.


lexentry: eng/protostar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: protostar
trans_list: protoétoile
sense:
(star) A collection of gas and dust in space with high temperature that usually grows to the point of beginning nuclear fusion and becoming a star.


lexentry: eng/prototype__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prototype
trans_list: prototype
sense:
An original form or object which is a basis for other forms or objects (particularly manufactured items), or for its generalizations and models. [from late 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/prototype_pattern__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prototype pattern
trans_list: proto
sense:
(programming) A creational design pattern that determines the type of objects to create by a prototypical instance, which is cloned to produce new objects.


lexentry: eng/protozoan__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: protozoan
trans_list: protozoaire
sense:
(cytology) Any of the diverse group of eukaryotes, of the phylum Protozoa, that are primarily unicellular, existing singly or aggregating into colonies, are usually nonphotosynthetic, and are often classified further into phyla according to their capacity for and means of motility, as by pseudopods, flagella, or cilia.


lexentry: eng/protégé__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: protégé
trans_list: protégé | protégée
sense:
A person who is guided and supported by an older and more experienced person (a protector or mentor).


lexentry: eng/prove__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prove
trans_list: prouver | se révéler | s’avérer
sense:
(transitive) To demonstrate that something is true or viable; to give proof for; to bear out; to testify.


lexentry: eng/proverb__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: proverb
trans_list: proverbe
sense:
(obsolete) Any commonly used turn of phrase expressing a metaphor, simile, or descriptive epithet. [before 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/provincial__Adjective__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: provincial
trans_list: provincial
sense:
Of or pertaining to an ecclesiastical province, or to the jurisdiction of an archbishop; not ecumenical.


lexentry: eng/provision__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: provision
trans_list: provision
sense:
(accounting) A liability or contra account to recognise likely future adverse events associated with current transactions.


lexentry: eng/provisional__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: provisional
trans_list: provisoire | temporaire
sense:
Temporary, but with the intention of eventually becoming permanent or being replaced by a permanent equivalent.


lexentry: eng/provitamin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: provitamin
trans_list: provitamine
sense:
(biochemistry) Any biologically inactive compound that may be converted into a vitamin within an animal organism


lexentry: eng/provost__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: provost
trans_list: prévôt | prévôte
sense:
(religion) The minister of the chief Protestant church of a town or region in Germany, the Low Countries, and Scandinavia.


lexentry: eng/provost__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: provost
trans_list: prévôt | prévôte
sense:
A mayor: the chief magistrate of a town, particularly (Scotland) the head of a burgh or (historical) the former chiefs of various towns in France, Flanders, or (by extension) other Continental European countries.


lexentry: eng/prowess__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prowess
trans_list: adresse | dextérité | habileté
sense:
(uncountable) Skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise; dexterity, mastery, or proficiency.


lexentry: eng/prowl__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prowl
trans_list: rôder
sense:
(ambitransitive) To rove over, through, or about in a stealthy manner; especially, to search in, as for prey or booty.


lexentry: eng/proxemics__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: proxemics
trans_list: proxémie
sense:
The study of the effects of the physical distance between people in different cultures and societies.


lexentry: eng/proxy__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: proxy
trans_list: mesure indirecte
sense:
(sciences) A measurement of one physical quantity that is used as an indicator of the value of another


lexentry: eng/proxy__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: proxy
trans_list: proxy
sense:
(software) An interface for a service, especially for one that is remote, resource-intensive, or otherwise difficult to use directly.


lexentry: eng/proxy_pattern__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: proxy pattern
trans_list: remplaçant
sense:
(software, design) A structural design pattern that is implemented as a class functioning as an interface for a network connection, a large object in memory, a file, or some other resource that is expensive or impossible to duplicate.


lexentry: eng/proxy_server__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: proxy server
trans_list: serveur mandataire
sense:
(computing) A hardware server that acts as an intermediary between a user and another server, usually on the Internet.


lexentry: eng/proxy_war__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: proxy war
trans_list: guerre par procuration | guerre proxy
sense:
A war where two powers use third parties as a supplement to, or a substitute for, fighting each other directly.


lexentry: eng/prude__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prude
trans_list: prude | bégueule | sainte-nitouche
sense:
A person who is or tries to be excessively proper, especially one who is easily offended by matters of a sexual nature.


lexentry: eng/prudence__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prudence
trans_list: prudence | sagesse | précaution
sense:
(uncountable) The quality or state of being prudent: circumspection and good judgment in knowing how best to act; (countable, archaic) an instance of this.


lexentry: eng/prune__Verb__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prune
trans_list: tailler | élaguer | émonder
sense:
(transitive, horticulture) To remove excess material from a tree or shrub; to trim, especially to make more healthy or productive.


lexentry: eng/pruning_shears__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pruning shears
trans_list: sécateur
sense:
(plurale tantum) A tool consisting of two blades with bevel edges, connected by a pivot, used for gardening.


lexentry: eng/psalm__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: psalm
trans_list: psaume
sense:
One of the hymns by David and others, collected into one book of the Old Testament, or a modern metrical version of such a hymn for public worship.


lexentry: eng/psaltery__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: psaltery
trans_list: psaltérion
sense:
(musical instrument) A zither-like musical instrument consisting of a soundboard with multiple strings, played by plucking the strings with the fingers or a plectrum.


lexentry: eng/pseudarthrosis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pseudarthrosis
trans_list: pseudarthrose
sense:
(pathology) A bony, flexible structure, resembling a joint, sometimes found after a poorly united fracture


lexentry: eng/pseudepigrapha__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pseudepigrapha
trans_list: pseudépigraphe
sense:
Writings falsely ascribed to famous persons (historical or mythical) to lend them greater legitimacy, typically composed many centuries after the ostensible author's death.


lexentry: eng/pseudo-anglicism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pseudo-anglicism
trans_list: faux anglicisme
sense:
(linguistics) A word in a language other than English that has an English appearance but does not exist in English itself.


lexentry: eng/pseudocereal__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pseudocereal
trans_list: pseudo-céréale
sense:
Any plant that, although not belonging to the grass family, produces seeds that are used to make flour.


lexentry: eng/pseudocode__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pseudocode
trans_list: pseudo-code
sense:
A description of a computer programming algorithm that uses the structural conventions of programming languages but omits detailed subroutines or language-specific syntax.


lexentry: eng/pseudocyesis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pseudocyesis
trans_list: grossesse nerveuse | pseudocyesis
sense:
A false pregnancy: the appearance of signs and symptoms associated with pregnancy when the person or animal is not pregnant.


lexentry: eng/pseudoephedrine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pseudoephedrine
trans_list: pseudoéphédrine
sense:
(pharmaceutical drug) A sympathomimetic alkaloid commonly used as a decongestant; a chemical compound, an isomer of ephedrine, with the formula C10H15NO.


lexentry: eng/pseudohermaphrodite__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pseudohermaphrodite
trans_list: pseudo-hermaphrodite
sense:
(botany) A flower that has become functionally unisexual by the suppression of either stamens or pistils.


lexentry: eng/pseudohermaphroditism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pseudohermaphroditism
trans_list: pseudo-hermaphrodisme
sense:
A condition in which an individual has the internal reproductive organs of one sex but the external genitalia of the other.


lexentry: eng/pseudonymization__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pseudonymization
trans_list: pseudonymisation
sense:
(computing, law) The replacement of all data (in a database etc) that identifies a person with an artificial identifier or pseudonym.


lexentry: eng/pseudopod__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pseudopod
trans_list: pseudopode
sense:
(cytology) A temporary projection of the cytoplasm of certain cells, such as phagocytes, or of certain unicellular organisms, such as amoebas, that serves in locomotion. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/pseudorandom__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pseudorandom
trans_list: pseudo-aléatoire
sense:
Of a sequence of numbers, such that it has all the properties of a random sequence following some probability distribution (except true randomness), but is actually generated using a deterministic algorithm.


lexentry: eng/pseudoscience__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pseudoscience
trans_list: pseudo-science
sense:
(pejorative) Any body of knowledge that purports to be scientific or to be supported by science (or may appear to be scientific) but which fails to comply with the scientific method (or rather, is not true science). [from 1796]


lexentry: eng/pseudoword__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pseudoword
trans_list: pseudo-mot
sense:
(linguistics) A unit of speech or text that respects the phonotactic restrictions of a language, but is not part of the lexicon; a non-word whose nonexistence is merely an accidental gap.


lexentry: eng/psi__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: psi
trans_list: psi
sense:
(countable) The twenty-third letter of Classical and Modern Greek and the twenty-fifth letter of Old and Ancient Greek.


lexentry: eng/psilocybin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: psilocybin
trans_list: psilocybine
sense:
(biochemistry) A hallucinogenic alkaloid, C12H15N2O·H2PO3, present in several species of Central American mushroom and producing effects similar to LSD. The prodrug of psilocin.


lexentry: eng/psilosis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: psilosis
trans_list: psilose
sense:
(phonology) The sound change by which Greek lost the consonant sound /h/ during antiquity, h-dropping.


lexentry: eng/psittacosis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: psittacosis
trans_list: psittacose
sense:
(disease) An infection by Chlamydia bacteria, caught from infected birds, and characterised by fever, pneumonia and headaches.


lexentry: eng/psoriasis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: psoriasis
trans_list: psoriasis
sense:
(disease) A noncontagious disease whose main symptom is gray or silvery flaky patches on the skin which are red and inflamed underneath when scratched.


lexentry: eng/psychasthenia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: psychasthenia
trans_list: psychasthénie
sense:
(dated) A psychological disorder characterized by phobias, obsessions, compulsions, or excessive anxiety.


lexentry: eng/psyched_up__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: psyched up
trans_list: prêt
sense:
(idiomatic, informal) In a state of heightened mental preparedness for a difficult or hazardous enterprise, or one where success is particularly sought.


lexentry: eng/psychedelic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: psychedelic
trans_list: psychédélique
sense:
Of, containing, generating, or reminiscent of drug-induced hallucinations, distortions of perception, altered awareness, etc.


lexentry: eng/psychedelic__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: psychedelic
trans_list: psychédélique
sense:
Any psychoactive substance (such as LSD or psilocybin) which, when consumed, causes perceptual changes (sometimes erratic and uncontrollable), visual hallucination, and altered awareness of the body and mind.


lexentry: eng/psychedelic_rock__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: psychedelic rock
trans_list: rock psychédélique
sense:
(music genre) A genre of rock music influenced by psychedelia, blues, jazz, folk music, electronic music and the hippie counterculture of the 1960s.


lexentry: eng/psychiatry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: psychiatry
trans_list: psychiatrie
sense:
(medicine) The branch of medicine that focuses on mental and behavioral health by subjectively diagnosing, treating, or preventing mental disorders (mental illnesses) and behavioural conditions.


lexentry: eng/psychic__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: psychic
trans_list: voyant
sense:
A person who possesses, or appears to possess, extra-sensory abilities such as precognition, clairvoyance, and telepathy, or who appears to be susceptible to paranormal or supernatural influences.


lexentry: eng/psychical__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: psychical
trans_list: mental
sense:
Performed by or pertaining to the psyche (the mind, spirit, or both): mental, psychic. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/psycho__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: psycho
trans_list: psychopathe
sense:
(chiefly, derogatory, slang) A person who is psychotic, psychopathic, or (broadly) otherwise insane.


lexentry: eng/psychoanalysis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: psychoanalysis
trans_list: psychanalyse
sense:
A family of theories and methods within the field of psychotherapy that work to find connections among patients' unconscious mental processes.


lexentry: eng/psychogenic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: psychogenic
trans_list: psychogène
sense:
(psychiatry) Originating from or caused by state of mind; having a psychological rather than a physiological cause.


lexentry: eng/psychokinesis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: psychokinesis
trans_list: télékinésie | psychokinèse | psychokinésie
sense:
(parapsychology) The movement of physical systems and objects by the use of psychic power. Abbreviated as PK.


lexentry: eng/psycholinguistics__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: psycholinguistics
trans_list: psycholinguistique
sense:
(linguistics) The interdisciplinary field of study which concerns the acquisition, comprehension and production of language in its spoken, written and signed forms, using concepts and approaches from linguistics, psychology and cognitive science.


lexentry: eng/psychological__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: psychological
trans_list: psychologique
sense:
Relating to the mind and behavior or to the mental, emotional, and behavioral characteristics pertaining to a specified person, group, or activity.


lexentry: eng/psychological_warfare__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: psychological warfare
trans_list: guerre psychologique
sense:
(idiomatic) A mentally manipulative approach to warfare involving use of techniques to demoralize or intimidate someone into surrender.


lexentry: eng/psychology__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: psychology
trans_list: psychologie
sense:
(countable) The mental, emotional, and behavioral characteristics pertaining to a specified person, group, or activity.


lexentry: eng/psychometrics__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: psychometrics
trans_list: psychométrie
sense:
(psychology) The design of psychological tests to measure intelligence, aptitude and personality; and the analysis and interpretation of their results.


lexentry: eng/psychometry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: psychometry
trans_list: psychométrie
sense:
(parapsychology) The paranormal ability to discover information about an object's past, and especially about its past owners, merely by handling it.


lexentry: eng/psychopath__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: psychopath
trans_list: psychopathe
sense:
A person with a personality disorder indicated by a pattern of lying, cunning, manipulating, glibness, exploiting, heedlessness, arrogance, delusions of grandeur, carelessness, low self-control, disregard for morality, lack of acceptance of responsibility, callousness, and lack of empathy and remorse. Such a person may be especially prone to violent and criminal offenses.


lexentry: eng/psychopathology__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: psychopathology
trans_list: psychopathologie
sense:
(medicine, pathology) The study of the origin, development, diagnosis and treatment of mental and behavioural disorders.


lexentry: eng/psychopathy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: psychopathy
trans_list: psychopathie
sense:
A personality disorder characterized by impaired empathy and remorse, and bold, disinhibited, and egocentric traits masked by superficial charm and the outward presence of apparent normality. Violent and criminal offenses may be indicative of this disorder.


lexentry: eng/psychophysics__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: psychophysics
trans_list: psychophysique
sense:
(psychology) The branch of psychology concerned with the effects of physical stimuli on mental processes.


lexentry: eng/psychoplastogen__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: psychoplastogen
trans_list: psychoplastogène
sense:
(medicine, psychiatry, organic compound) Any of a group of small molecule drugs (notably including some psychedelics) that produce rapid and long-lasting effects on neuronal structure and function and whose use is intended to produce therapeutic benefit after a single dose.


lexentry: eng/psychosis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: psychosis
trans_list: psychose
sense:
(psychology) A severe mental disorder, sometimes with physical damage to the brain, marked by a deranged personality and a distorted view of reality.


lexentry: eng/psychotherapy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: psychotherapy
trans_list: psychothérapie
sense:
The treatment of people diagnosed with mental and emotional disorders using dialogue and a variety of psychological techniques.


lexentry: eng/psychrometer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: psychrometer
trans_list: psychromètre
sense:
(meteorology) Any of several instruments used to measure the relative humidity of the atmosphere; especially a wet-and-dry-bulb hygrometer.


lexentry: eng/psychrometrics__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: psychrometrics
trans_list: psychrométrie
sense:
(meteorology, thermodynamics) The measurement or study of the physical and thermodynamic properties of the atmosphere and its water vapour.


lexentry: eng/psychrometry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: psychrometry
trans_list: psychrométrie
sense:
(meteorology, thermodynamics) Synonym of psychrometrics (“the measurement or study of the physical and thermodynamic properties of the atmosphere and its water vapour”).


lexentry: eng/psytrance__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: psytrance
trans_list: psy-trance | psytrance
sense:
A genre of trance music characterized by hypnotic arrangements of synthetic rhythms and complex layered melodies created by high-tempo riffs.


lexentry: eng/ptarmigan__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ptarmigan
trans_list: lagopède | ptarmigan
sense:
Any of three species of small grouse in the genus Lagopus found in subarctic tundra areas of North America and Eurasia.


lexentry: eng/pteranodon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pteranodon
trans_list: ptéranodon
sense:
A member of Pteranodon, a genus of large pterosaurs, the males of which had a bony crest on the back of the head.


lexentry: eng/pteridophyte__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pteridophyte
trans_list: ptéridophyte
sense:
Any plant of the division Pteridophyta, of simple vascular plants that reproduce via spores rather than seeds and that alternate generations of diploid (sporophyte) and haploid (gametophyte or prothallus) forms, the diploid generally being larger and more conspicuous.


lexentry: eng/pterion__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pterion
trans_list: ptérion
sense:
(anatomy) The point corresponding with the posterior end of the sphenoparietal suture; known as the weakest part of the skull.


lexentry: eng/ptilinum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ptilinum
trans_list: ptiline
sense:
(zoology, entomology) A bladder-like pouch on the head of schizophoran flies that by expanding enables the fly to emerge from its puparium.


lexentry: eng/pub__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pub
trans_list: pub | bar | estaminet | taverne
sense:
(UK, Ireland, Commonwealth) A public house where beverages, primarily alcoholic, may be bought and consumed, also providing food and sometimes entertainment such as live music or television.


lexentry: eng/public-private_partnership__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: public-private partnership
trans_list: PPP | partenariat public-privé
sense:
(politics, government, business) An arrangement by which one or more private firms agrees to fund, create, or operate a facility, service, or other element of public infrastructure (such as a school, hospital, or highway) which is usually the sole responsibility of government, in return for all or some of the revenue generated by that facility or service.


lexentry: eng/public__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: public
trans_list: public
sense:
Able to be known or seen by everyone; happening without concealment; open to general view. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/public__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: public
trans_list: public
sense:
Open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it; especially, provided by national or local authorities and supported by money from taxes. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/public__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: public
trans_list: public
sense:
Pertaining to the people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people; concerning the whole community or country. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/public__Adjective__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: public
trans_list: public
sense:
Officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state on behalf of the community, rather than by a private organization. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/public__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: public
trans_list: public
sense:
(countable, uncountable) Chiefly preceded by the: members of the community or the people in general, regardless of membership of any particular group.


lexentry: eng/public_address_system__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: public address system
trans_list: haut-parleurs
sense:
An electronic voice-amplification apparatus, usually containing a set of two loudspeakers and a central control unit, used for singing, giving a speech, play-by-play commentary at events, or broadcasting in public areas like in airports or stations.


lexentry: eng/public_administration__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: public administration
trans_list: administration publique
sense:
the implementation of public policy by governmental bodies; the administration of governmental functions; the administration of a state.


lexentry: eng/public_domain__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: public domain
trans_list: domaine public
sense:
(specifically, law) The realm of intellectual property which is not or no longer protected by copyrights or patents, and thus over which no person can establish a proprietary interest.


lexentry: eng/public_finance__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: public finance
trans_list: finances publiques
sense:
A field of economics concerned with paying for collective or governmental activities, and with the administration and design of those activities.


lexentry: eng/public_health__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: public health
trans_list: santé publique
sense:
The science and practice of community hygiene, which includes preventive healthcare, health education, sanitation and environmental safety.


lexentry: eng/public_holiday__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: public holiday
trans_list: fête | fête légale | jour férié
sense:
A national or regional holiday from work on a specific day, usually for cultural reasons or celebrations.


lexentry: eng/public_key_cryptography__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: public key cryptography
trans_list: cryptographie à clé publique
sense:
The subfield of cryptography in which all information used to encode a message is assumed to be publicly available.


lexentry: eng/public_law__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: public law
trans_list: droit public
sense:
(legal) A category of law governing the relationship between the state on the one hand and persons (citizens or legal persons including corporations) on the other. Constitutional law, administrative law and criminal law are some of the major subdivisions of public law.


lexentry: eng/public_life__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: public life
trans_list: vie publique
sense:
The aspects of social life which occur in public, in the open, as opposed to more private social interaction within families, private clubs, etc.


lexentry: eng/public_limited_liability_company__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: public limited liability company
trans_list: SPRL | Société publique avec responsabilité limitée
sense:
A type or form of for-profit incorporated company where ownership is divided into shares that are publicly tradeable usually in a stock exchange.


lexentry: eng/public_office__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: public office
trans_list: fonction État
sense:
(government) A position or occupation established by law or by the act of a government body, for the purpose of exercising the authority of the government in the service of the public.


lexentry: eng/public_policy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: public policy
trans_list: politique publique
sense:
(legal) The set of policies (laws, plans, actions, behaviors) of a government; plans and methods of action that govern that society; a system of laws, courses of action, and priorities directing a government action.


lexentry: eng/public_purse__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: public purse
trans_list: deniers publics
sense:
(economics, government, idiomatic) A quantity of money collected by a government through taxation and other methods, and used for public purposes; public funds, public money.


lexentry: eng/public_relations__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: public relations
trans_list: relations publiques | PR | RP
sense:
The professional dissemination and management of information by a person or an organization to the public with the purpose of creating a favorable public image.


lexentry: eng/public_school__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: public school
trans_list: école publique
sense:
(North America, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Philippines, formerly Scottish) A publicly funded and administered school; (UK, Ireland) such schools in the context of other countries


lexentry: eng/public_service__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: public service
trans_list: service public
sense:
(countable) A service such as health care, transport, or waste removal provided to the general public, often by the government.


lexentry: eng/public_transport__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: public transport
trans_list: transport en commun | transport collectif | transport public
sense:
(UK, AU, NZ) Any form of transport that can be used by a member of public (who usually pays a fare); as opposed to private ownership of e.g. cars.


lexentry: eng/public_trustee__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: public trustee
trans_list: tiers de confiance
sense:
A public office which acts as a trustee, usually when a sum is required to be deposited as security by legislation, when courts remove another trustee, or for estates where either no executor is named by will or the testator elects wishes to appoint one.


lexentry: eng/publican__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: publican
trans_list: publicain
sense:
(Ancient Rome, historical) A tax collector, especially one working in Judea and Galilee during New Testament times (1st century C.E.) who was generally regarded as sinful for extorting more tax than was due, and as a traitor for serving the Roman Empire.


lexentry: eng/publicist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: publicist
trans_list: agent de publicité | agent publicitaire | publicitaire
sense:
A person whose job is to publicize information or events; a publicity agent; a public relations agent or worker.


lexentry: eng/pudding__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: pudding
trans_list: pudding
sense:
A type of dessert that has a texture similar to custard or mousse but using some kind of starch as the thickening agent.


lexentry: eng/pudu__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pudu
trans_list: pudu
sense:
A very small South American deer of the genus Pudu (in some classifications divided to Pudu and Pudella), native to the Andes.


lexentry: eng/puerperal__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: puerperal
trans_list: puerpéral
sense:
Of, pertaining to, or associated with the puerperium (the first month of postpartum), or, sometimes also:


lexentry: eng/puerperium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: puerperium
trans_list: période postnatal
sense:
(obstetrics) The period of time lasting around a month immediately following childbirth, when the mother’s uterus shrinks back to its prepartum state.


lexentry: eng/puff_pastry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: puff pastry
trans_list: pâte feuilletée
sense:
A light, flaky pastry that is made of alternating buttery and floury dough layers by repeatedly folding the rolled pastry into many layers.


lexentry: eng/puffball__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: puffball
trans_list: vesse-de-loup
sense:
Any of various fungi that produce a cloud of brown dust-like spores from their mature fruiting bodies.


lexentry: eng/pufferfish__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pufferfish
trans_list: poisson-ballon
sense:
(uncountable) The meat of these fish, a delicacy popular in Japan served raw as sushi that may, if improperly prepared, contain deadly levels of neurotoxins; (Japanese) fugu.


lexentry: eng/puffin__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: puffin
trans_list: macareux
sense:
The Atlantic puffin (Fratercula arctica) or (by extension) any of the other various small seabirds of the genera Fratercula and Lunda that are black and white with a brightly-coloured beak. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/pug__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pug
trans_list: carlin
sense:
In full pug dog: a small dog of an ancient breed originating in China, having a snub nose, wrinkled face, squarish body, short smooth hair, and curled tail. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/pull-focus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pull-focus
trans_list: rattrapage de point
sense:
(film, television) A filming technique whereby the focal point is drawn towards the viewer; also a shot (as part of an edit) in which such a technique is used. Also used attributively.


lexentry: eng/pull-up__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pull-up
trans_list: traction
sense:
An exercise done for strengthening the arms and back in which one lifts one's own weight while hanging from a bar. Palms may be facing in any direction.


lexentry: eng/pull__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pull
trans_list: tirer
sense:
(transitive, intransitive) To apply a force to (an object) so that it comes toward the person or thing applying the force.


lexentry: eng/pull__Verb__1
sense_num: 10
written_rep: pull
trans_list: tirer un coup
sense:
To copy or emulate the actions or behaviour associated with the person or thing mentioned (with a and the name of a person, place, event, etc.).


lexentry: eng/pull__Verb__1
sense_num: 25
written_rep: pull
trans_list: tirer un coup
sense:
(transitive, intransitive) (Followed by a preposition or adverb) To drive (a vehicle) in a particular direction or to a particular place.


lexentry: eng/pull_a_fast_one__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pull a fast one
trans_list: décevoir
sense:
(slang, idiomatic, often followed by on) To carry out a trick or act of deception; to behave contrary to expectations.


lexentry: eng/pull_a_sickie__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pull a sickie
trans_list: se faire porter pâle
sense:
(slang, UK, Australia, New Zealand) To skip work or school or avoid an obligation by pretending to be sick.


lexentry: eng/pull_in__Verb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: pull in
trans_list: acquérir
sense:
(idiomatic, transitive) To arrest someone; to take someone to a police station because they may have done something.


lexentry: eng/pull_oneself_together__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pull oneself together
trans_list: ressaisir | se reprendre en main
sense:
(idiomatic, reflexive) To become mentally focused after a period of being unfocused; to regain control of oneself


lexentry: eng/pull_out_of_one's_ass__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pull out of one's ass
trans_list: sucer de son pouce
sense:
(idiomatic, vulgar, transitive) To fabricate (a factual-sounding claim) from no factual basis or evidence.


lexentry: eng/pull_over__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pull over
trans_list: arrêter | ranger
sense:
(transitive) To command or force someone to drive their vehicle to the side of the road or curb and come to a stop.


lexentry: eng/pull_quote__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pull quote
trans_list: relance | relance-citation
sense:
(graphic design) A brief excerpt drawn from a document and set separately from the main text—often in larger type and/or in a frame—in order to draw the eye.


lexentry: eng/pull_request__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pull request
trans_list: demande de fusion
sense:
(computing) A request to a repository maintainer to pull in and merge a proposed source code or other change.


lexentry: eng/pull_someone's_leg__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pull someone's leg
trans_list: faire marcher | mener en bateau
sense:
(idiomatic) To tease someone; to lead someone on; to goad someone into overreacting. It usually implies teasing or goading by jokingly lying.


lexentry: eng/pull_strings__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pull strings
trans_list: faire jouer ses relations | pistonner
sense:
(intransitive, idiomatic) To manipulate a situation, especially by asking favours of others; to use one's influence with others to attain a desired goal.


lexentry: eng/pull_strings__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pull strings
trans_list: tirer les ficelles
sense:
(intransitive, idiomatic, often with “the” or a possessive adjective (such as “his”) before “strings”, pull one's strings) To control a person, organization, or situation by operating behind the scenes, as a puppeteer controls a marionette.


lexentry: eng/pulley__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pulley
trans_list: poulie
sense:
(engineering, countable) One of the simple machines; a sheave, a wheel with a grooved rim, in which a pulled rope or chain lifts an object (more useful when two or more pulleys are used together, as in a block and tackle arrangement, such that a small force moving through a greater distance can exert a larger force through a smaller distance).


lexentry: eng/pullover__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pullover
trans_list: pull-over
sense:
A sweater that must be put on by pulling it over the head; a sweater without buttons or a zipper in front.


lexentry: eng/pulmonary_alveolus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pulmonary alveolus
trans_list: alvéole pulmonaire
sense:
(anatomy) A small air sac in the lungs, where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged with the blood.


lexentry: eng/pulmonary_embolism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pulmonary embolism
trans_list: embolie pulmonaire
sense:
(pathology) The embolism or obstruction of a pulmonary artery, usually by a detached blood clot from a leg or pelvic vein, which causes a stoppage of blood into the lungs; symptoms include shortness of breath, chest pain, fainting, and sometimes death.


lexentry: eng/pulmonary_tuberculosis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pulmonary tuberculosis
trans_list: tuberculose
sense:
(pathology) The most common form of active tuberculosis (TB) infecting the lungs, generally caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis.


lexentry: eng/pulp__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pulp
trans_list: (presse) à sensation
sense:
A magazine or book containing lurid subject matter and characteristically printed on rough, unfinished paper.


lexentry: eng/pulpit__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pulpit
trans_list: chaire
sense:
(Christianity) A raised platform in a church, usually enclosed, where the minister or preacher stands when giving the sermon.


lexentry: eng/pulpitis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pulpitis
trans_list: pulpite
sense:
(dentistry) A reversible or irreversible inflammation of the tooth pulp which is in most cases of endodontic origin but can also be of periodontal origin too. It can lead to apical periodontitis, cysts and tooth loss if not treated.


lexentry: eng/pulque__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pulque
trans_list: pulque
sense:
A milk-colored, somewhat viscous Mexican alcoholic drink made from the fermented sap of certain agave plants.


lexentry: eng/pulse__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pulse
trans_list: pouls
sense:
A normally regular beat felt when arteries near the skin (for example, at the neck or wrist) are depressed, caused by the heart pumping blood through them.


lexentry: eng/pulse__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: pulse
trans_list: pouls
sense:
(music, prosody) The beat or tactus of a piece of music or verse; also, a repeated sequence of such beats.


lexentry: eng/pulse__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pulse
trans_list: légumineuse
sense:
(uncountable) Annual leguminous plants (such as beans, lentils, and peas) yielding grains or seeds used as food for humans or animals; (countable) such a plant; a legume.


lexentry: eng/pulse_oximetry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pulse oximetry
trans_list: oxymétrie colorimétrique | oxymétrie de pouls
sense:
(medicine) A noninvasive method allowing the monitoring of the oxygenation of a patient's hemoglobin, using a sensor placed on a thin part of the patient's anatomy, usually a fingertip or earlobe.


lexentry: eng/pumice__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pumice
trans_list: ponce | pierre ponce
sense:
A light, porous type of pyroclastic igneous rock, formed during explosive volcanic eruptions when liquid lava is ejected into water or air as a froth containing masses of gas bubbles, which are frozen into the rock as the lava solidifies.


lexentry: eng/pump__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pump
trans_list: pomper
sense:
(transitive, intransitive) To use a pump; to move (water or other liquid) by means of a pump. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/pump__Verb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: pump
trans_list: pomper
sense:
(transitive) To gain something, especially information, from (a person) by persistent questioning. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/pump__Verb__1
sense_num: 11
written_rep: pump
trans_list: pomper
sense:
(US, intransitive, slang) Of music: to be loud, to have strong bass and rhythms; (by extension) to be full of energy. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/pump_and_dump__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pump and dump
trans_list: coup d'un soir
sense:
(slang) A situation where a woman uses a breast pump and then discards the milk, typically because she has had an infection, or has been drinking alcohol.


lexentry: eng/pumping_iron__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pumping iron
trans_list: culturisme
sense:
(weightlifting, informal) The activity of weightlifting, especially for the purposes of bodybuilding.


lexentry: eng/pumpkin_pie__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pumpkin pie
trans_list: tarte à la citrouille
sense:
(cooking) A sweet pie made from the flesh of pumpkins and traditionally served as a dessert on Thanksgiving.


lexentry: eng/pun__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pun
trans_list: jeu de mots | calembour
sense:
A joke or type of wordplay in which similar definitions or sounds of two words or phrases, or different definitions of the same word, are deliberately confused.


lexentry: eng/punch__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: punch
trans_list: poinçon | pointeau | poinçonnage
sense:
(countable) A device, generally slender and round, used for creating holes in thin material, for driving an object through a hole in a containing object, or to stamp or emboss a mark or design on a surface.


lexentry: eng/punch_above_one's_weight__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: punch above one's weight
trans_list: [[s']]attaquer à plus fort que soi | [[s']]en prendre à plus fort que soi
sense:
(idiomatic) To (attempt to) achieve or perform at a higher level than would be expected based on one's preparation, attributes, rank, or past accomplishments.


lexentry: eng/punch_card__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: punch card
trans_list: carte perforée
sense:
A card that can have holes or notches cut in it, especially one for storing data, that can be sorted according to combinations of holes present or absent.


lexentry: eng/punch_line__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: punch line
trans_list: chute
sense:
The final part of a joke; the word, sentence, or exchange of sentences that is intended to be funny and provokes laughter from the listeners.


lexentry: eng/punch_line__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: punch line
trans_list: mot de la fin
sense:
(by extension) A final, concluding statement that an explanation has been leading up to; a conclusion.


lexentry: eng/puncheon__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: puncheon
trans_list: levier
sense:
A walkway or short, low footbridge over wet ground constructed with such timbers, made by laying one or more planks or dressed timbers over sills set directly on the ground; also called duck boards, bog boards, or bog bridge.


lexentry: eng/punching_bag__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: punching bag
trans_list: sac de boxe | sac de frappe | punching-ball
sense:
A tough bag, usually cylindrical, filled with air, sand, or other material, often suspended so that it swings freely, which is punched or kicked when practising sports such as boxing or martial arts.


lexentry: eng/punctuation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: punctuation
trans_list: ponctuation
sense:
A set of symbols and marks which are used to clarify meaning in text by separating strings of words into clauses, phrases and sentences; examples include commas, hyphens, and stops (periods).


lexentry: eng/punctuation_mark__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: punctuation mark
trans_list: signe de ponctuation
sense:
Any of various symbols used in writing and printing to indicate pauses, divisions, etc. and to aid the reader in understanding what is written.


lexentry: eng/pundit__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pundit
trans_list: pandit | pontife
sense:
A learned person in India; someone with knowledge of Sanskrit, philosophy, religion and law; a Hindu scholar. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/pungent__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pungent
trans_list: âcre
sense:
Having a strong taste that stings the tongue; said especially of hot (spicy) food, which has a strong and sharp or bitter taste.


lexentry: eng/punish__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: punish
trans_list: punir | châtier
sense:
(transitive) To cause (a child, student, or someone else being looked after, or a suspect or criminal) to suffer for crime or misconduct, to administer disciplinary action, typically by an authority or a person in authority (for example: a parent, teacher, or police officer).


lexentry: eng/punishment__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: punishment
trans_list: punition | châtiment
sense:
The act (action) or process of punishing, imposing and/or applying a sanction, typically by an authority or a person in authority (for example: a parent or teacher), especially when disappointed or dissatisfied with the behavior or actions of a child, student, or someone else being looked after.


lexentry: eng/punk__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: punk
trans_list: punk
sense:
A member of the punk social movement; usually anarchist and socially non-conformist although potentially either left-wing or right-wing.


lexentry: eng/punkah__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: punkah
trans_list: panka
sense:
(South Asia, Myanmar) A fan, particularly a large fan made of leaf or cloth and hung from the ceiling, (historical) formerly often operated by a servant.


lexentry: eng/punnet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: punnet
trans_list: barquette | cagette
sense:
(UK, Irish, Commonwealth) A small basket or receptacle for collecting and selling fruit, particularly strawberries.


lexentry: eng/punt__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: punt
trans_list: coup de pied de volée
sense:
(rugby, American football, soccer) A kick made by a player who drops the ball and kicks it before it hits the ground.


lexentry: eng/punt__Verb__3
sense_num: 02
written_rep: punt
trans_list: composer
sense:
(Australia, Ireland, New Zealand, UK) To stake against the bank, to back a horse, to gamble or take a chance more generally


lexentry: eng/punt_gun__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: punt gun
trans_list: canardière
sense:
(chiefly, historical) A very large shotgun used in the 19th and early 20th centuries for shooting large numbers of waterfowl for commercial harvesting operations and private sport.


lexentry: eng/pupil__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pupil
trans_list: pupille | prunelle
sense:
(anatomy) The hole in the middle of the iris of the eye, through which light passes to be focused on the retina.


lexentry: eng/puppet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: puppet
trans_list: marionnette
sense:
Any small model of a person or animal able to be moved by strings or rods, or in the form of a glove.


lexentry: eng/puppet_show__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: puppet show
trans_list: spectacle de marionnettes | théâtre de marionnettes
sense:
A show, theatrical performance, in which the parts are played by puppets impersonating human or other characters


lexentry: eng/puppeteer__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: puppeteer
trans_list: manipulateur
sense:
(figurative) Someone who is manipulative and thus able to get people to do what they want or to make events develop in the way they want in a puppet-like manner.


lexentry: eng/purchase__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: purchase
trans_list: achat | acquisition
sense:
The acquisition of title to, or property in, anything for a price; buying for money or its equivalent.


lexentry: eng/purchase__Verb__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: purchase
trans_list: acheter
sense:
To apply to (anything) a device for obtaining a mechanical advantage; to get a purchase upon, or apply a purchase to; to raise or move by mechanical means.


lexentry: eng/purchase_order__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: purchase order
trans_list: bon de commande
sense:
(business) A commercial order issued by a buyer (purchaser) to a seller, and the document that defines it, indicating the type, quantities, and agreed prices for products or services the seller will provide to the buyer.


lexentry: eng/purchase_price__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: purchase price
trans_list: prix d'achat
sense:
(management, accounting) The price at which something is actually purchased, especially from the point of view of the purchaser.


lexentry: eng/purchasing_power__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: purchasing power
trans_list: pouvoir d'achat
sense:
(business) The ability of a large collective or company to negotiate more favourable prices and terms than a smaller group or company.


lexentry: eng/purchasing_power_parity__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: purchasing power parity
trans_list: parité de pouvoir d'achat
sense:
(economics) A theory of long-term equilibrium exchange rates based on relative price levels of two countries.


lexentry: eng/purine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: purine
trans_list: purine
sense:
(organic compound) Any of a class of organic heterocyclic compounds, composed of fused pyrimidine and imidazole rings, that constitute one of the two groups of organic nitrogenous bases (the other being the pyrimidines) and are components of nucleic acids.


lexentry: eng/puritan__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: puritan
trans_list: puritain
sense:
(usually, derogative) Acting or behaving according to the Puritan morals (e.g. propagating modesty), especially with regard to pleasure, nudity and sex; ascetic.


lexentry: eng/puritanical__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: puritanical
trans_list: exigeant
sense:
Precise in observance of legal or religious requirements; strict; overscrupulous; rigid (often used by way of reproach or contempt).


lexentry: eng/purity_ring__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: purity ring
trans_list: bague de virginité
sense:
(Christianity) A ring representing a religious vow to abstain from sexual intercourse until marriage.


lexentry: eng/purl__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: purl
trans_list: maille à l’envers
sense:
A particular stitch in knitting in which the working yarn is pulled through an existing stitch from front to back.


lexentry: eng/purloin__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: purloin
trans_list: dépouiller
sense:
(transitive, usually, formal, or, humorous) To take the property of another, often in breach of trust; to appropriate wrongfully; to steal.


lexentry: eng/purple__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: purple
trans_list: pourpre | violet
sense:
(US politics) Not predominantly red or blue, but having a mixture of Democrat and Republican support.


lexentry: eng/purple_dye_murex__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: purple dye murex
trans_list: pourpre
sense:
A medium-sized predatory sea snail of species Haustellum brandaris, which secrets a substance that can be used to make a long-lasting purple dye- Tyrian purple.


lexentry: eng/purple_emperor__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: purple emperor
trans_list: grand mars changeant
sense:
A large, dark brown and white (female), or purple and white (male) butterfly, Apatura iris, of the family Nymphalidae.


lexentry: eng/purple_heron__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: purple heron
trans_list: héron pourpré
sense:
A wading bird, Ardea purpurea, having reddish-brown plumage and found throughout southern Europe and Asia.


lexentry: eng/purple_pitcher_plant__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: purple pitcher plant
trans_list: sarracénie pourpre
sense:
A carnivorous pitcher plant native to much of Canada and parts of the eastern United States, of species Sarracenia purpurea.


lexentry: eng/purple_swamphen__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: purple swamphen
trans_list: poule sultane | talève sultane
sense:
Various species in the Porphyrio genus of the Rallidae family, including Porphyrio porphyrio, Porphyrio madagascariensis, Porphyrio poliocephalus, Porphyrio indicus, Porphyrio pulverulentus, and Porphyrio melanotus.


lexentry: eng/purpura__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: purpura
trans_list: purpura
sense:
(pathology) The appearance of red or purple discolorations on the skin that do not blanch when pressure is applied, caused by subdermal bleeding.


lexentry: eng/purpure__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: purpure
trans_list: pourpre
sense:
(tincture) A purple colour on a coat of arms, represented in engraving by diagonal parallel lines 45 degrees clockwise.


lexentry: eng/purpuric_acid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: purpuric acid
trans_list: acide purpurique
sense:
(chemistry) C8H5N5O6, a nitrogenous acid that yields alloxan and uramil when hydrolysed, known for its purple salts.


lexentry: eng/purser__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: purser
trans_list: commissaire de bord | commissaire du bord
sense:
The person responsible for handling the accounts on a ship, or for dealing with the passengers on a ship or aircraft.


lexentry: eng/pursue__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pursue
trans_list: poursuivre | rechercher
sense:
(ambitransitive) To follow urgently, originally with intent to capture or harm; to chase. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/pus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pus
trans_list: pus
sense:
(medicine, pathology) A whitish-yellow or yellow substance composed primarily of dead white blood cells and dead pyogenic bacteria, normally found in regions of bacterial infection.


lexentry: eng/push-up__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: push-up
trans_list: pompe
sense:
An exercise done to improve upper body strength, performed by resting on one's toes and hands and pushing one's weight off the floor.


lexentry: eng/push__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: push
trans_list: pousser
sense:
(transitive, intransitive) To apply a force to (an object) such that it moves away from the person or thing applying the force.


lexentry: eng/pushdown_automaton__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pushdown automaton
trans_list: automate à pile
sense:
(computing theory) An automaton with finitely many states that can also use one unbounded stack of memory; the automaton may only push, pop, or read the top of the stack. Abbreviation: PDA.


lexentry: eng/pushover__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pushover
trans_list: chochotte
sense:
Someone who is easy to push around and to take advantage of; someone who lets themselves be picked on or bullied without defending or standing up for themselves.


lexentry: eng/pussy__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: pussy
trans_list: minette
sense:
(colloquial, affectionate, now, rare) A woman or girl, seen as having characteristics associated with cats such as sweetness. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/pussywhipped__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pussywhipped
trans_list: chiffe
sense:
(slang, vulgar, of a man) Submissive to or dominated by one's wife or other female partner, frequently with the connotation that this submissive behavior is for the prospect of sex.


lexentry: eng/put_aside__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: put aside
trans_list: faire des économies
sense:
(transitive) To ignore or intentionally disregard (something), temporarily or permanently, so that more important things can occupy one's attention.


lexentry: eng/put_one's_best_foot_forward__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: put one's best foot forward
trans_list: se montrer sous son meilleur jour
sense:
(idiomatic) To show oneself in the best or most positive way possible; to make a favorable impression.


lexentry: eng/put_one's_cards_on_the_table__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: put one's cards on the table
trans_list: abattre ses cartes | abattre son jeu
sense:
(idiomatic) To reveal one's true intentions, beliefs, feelings, or other previously concealed facts about one's situation; to speak frankly.


lexentry: eng/put_one's_foot_in_one's_mouth__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: put one's foot in one's mouth
trans_list: mettre les pieds dans le plat | se prendre les pieds dans le tapis
sense:
(idiomatic) To misspeak; to say something embarrassing or wrong, or to make a mistake in public, or a social blunder, that is embarrassing or offensive.


lexentry: eng/put_one's_house_in_order__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: put one's house in order
trans_list: faire le ménage | mettre de [[l']]ordre | ranger
sense:
(literal) To clean and arrange in an orderly manner the furnishings and other contents of one's house.


lexentry: eng/put_oneself_in_someone's_shoes__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: put oneself in someone's shoes
trans_list: se mettre dans la peau de quelqu'un | se mettre à la place
sense:
(figuratively) To try to look at a situation from a different point of view; as if one were the other person; to empathise.


lexentry: eng/put_option__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: put option
trans_list: option de vente
sense:
(finance) An option to sell a stated quantity of an asset or financial product, such as stock, at a stated price (the strike price), on a stated future date (or range of dates).


lexentry: eng/put_that_in_your_pipe_and_smoke_it__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: put that in your pipe and smoke it
trans_list: je vous laisse y réfléchir
sense:
(idiomatic, colloquial, pejorative) Used after stating something surprising or undesired, to emphasize its truth. Also used after refuting an argument. Sometimes an adjective is inserted before pipe.


lexentry: eng/put_the_cart_before_the_horse__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: put the cart before the horse
trans_list: mettre la charrue avant les bœufs
sense:
(idiomatic) To put things in the wrong order or with the wrong priorities; to put something inconsequential as more important than something more essential.


lexentry: eng/put_the_make_on__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: put the make on
trans_list: draguer | faire des avances
sense:
(informal, transitive) To pursue with romantic interest, especially in an aggressive, sexually suggestive manner.


lexentry: eng/put_to_sea__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: put to sea
trans_list: mettre en mer
sense:
(nautical, of a boat or ship) To leave a port or harbour on a voyage, or for other purposes such as fishing.


lexentry: eng/put_to_the_test__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: put to the test
trans_list: examen
sense:
(transitive, idiomatic) To test (something or someone); to evaluate, scrutinize or explore by testing or experimentation.


lexentry: eng/put_words_in_someone's_mouth__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: put words in someone's mouth
trans_list: faire dire à [[quelqu'un]] ce [[qu']]il [[n'a]] pas dit
sense:
(idiomatic) To say or imply that someone has made a statement or remark which they did not precisely or directly make.


lexentry: eng/putlog__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: putlog
trans_list: barre transversale en bois
sense:
(architecture) One of the pieces of timber, or metal, on which the planks forming the platform of scaffolding are supported, one end resting on the ledger of the scaffold, and the other in a hole made in the wall (a putlog hole) for that purpose.


lexentry: eng/putrefaction__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: putrefaction
trans_list: putréfaction
sense:
The act of causing to rot; the anaerobic splitting of proteins by bacteria and fungi with the formation of malodorous, incompletely oxidized products.


lexentry: eng/putto__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: putto
trans_list: putto
sense:
(art) A representation, especially in Renaissance or Baroque art, of a small, naked, often winged (usually male) child; a cherub.


lexentry: eng/putty_knife__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: putty knife
trans_list: couteau à mastic
sense:
A hand tool with a flexible blade used by glaziers to apply putty to seal window panes to the frame and mullions.


lexentry: eng/putty_knife__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: putty knife
trans_list: couteau à enduire
sense:
A similar tool with a wide, flat blade used by painters, plasterers, and carpenters to spread putty to fill holes and cracks.


lexentry: eng/puzzle__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: puzzle
trans_list: rendre perplexe
sense:
(transitive) To perplex, confuse, or mystify; to cause (someone) to be faced with a mystery, without answers or an explanation.


lexentry: eng/puzzle_box__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: puzzle box
trans_list: boîte à secret
sense:
A box that cannot be opened by the usual obvious means, and therefore challenges a person to find the correct way to open it.


lexentry: eng/pyaemia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pyaemia
trans_list: pyohémie
sense:
(pathology) A type of septicemia caused usually by the presence of Staphylococcus bacteria in the bloodstream; characterised by metastatic abscesses and other symptoms associated with septicemia.


lexentry: eng/pycnometer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pycnometer
trans_list: pycnomètre
sense:
(physics, metrology) A vessel of precisely known volume used by weighing to determine the specific gravity or relative density of a liquid.


lexentry: eng/pygmy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pygmy
trans_list: pygmée
sense:
(often, _, capitalized) A member of one of various Ancient Equatorial African tribal peoples, notable for their very short stature.


lexentry: eng/pygmy_hippopotamus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pygmy hippopotamus
trans_list: hippopotame nain
sense:
A large four-toed, four-legged mammal native to western Africa of species Choeropsis liberiensis (syn. Hexaprotodon liberiensis), similar to but half the height of the common hippopotamus.


lexentry: eng/pylon__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pylon
trans_list: pylône
sense:
(electricity) A tower-like structure, usually one of a series, used to support high-voltage electricity cables.


lexentry: eng/pylorus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pylorus
trans_list: pylore
sense:
(anatomy, biology) In vertebrates, including humans, a zone at the lower end of the stomach that leads to and opens into the duodenum.


lexentry: eng/pyramid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pyramid
trans_list: pyramide
sense:
An ancient massive construction with a square or rectangular base and four triangular sides meeting in an apex, such as those built as tombs in Egypt or as bases for temples in Mesoamerica.


lexentry: eng/pyramid__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: pyramid
trans_list: pyramide
sense:
(geometry) A solid with triangular lateral faces and a polygonal (often square or rectangular) base.


lexentry: eng/pyramid_scheme__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pyramid scheme
trans_list: vente pyramidale | pyramide de Ponzi
sense:
An illicit money-making investment scheme whereby early investors are paid primarily or wholly by later investors. Eventually all such schemes fail to the detriment of recent (later) investors.


lexentry: eng/pyramidology__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pyramidology
trans_list: pyramidologie
sense:
The study of pyramids (especially the Egyptian pyramids) from a supernatural or new-age perspective, rather than the historical or archaeological viewpoint.


lexentry: eng/pyranose__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pyranose
trans_list: pyranose
sense:
(chemistry) any cyclic hemiacetal form of a monosaccharide having a six-membered ring (based on tetrahydropyran)


lexentry: eng/pyrargyrite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pyrargyrite
trans_list: pyrargyrite
sense:
(mineral) A sulfosalt mineral used as a silver ore; it is dark red or black in color with a metallic adamantine luster, a sulfide of antimony and silver, Ag3SbS3, and occurs in rhombohedral crystals.


lexentry: eng/pyrex__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pyrex
trans_list: pyrex
sense:
A kind of heat-resistant borosilicate glass, made by mixing a high concentration of boron oxides into the molten glass to reduce its thermal expansion coefficient.


lexentry: eng/pyridine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pyridine
trans_list: pyridine
sense:
(organic compound) Any of a class of aromatic heterocyclic compounds containing a ring of five carbon atoms and a nitrogen atom; especially the simplest one, C5H5N.


lexentry: eng/pyridoxine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pyridoxine
trans_list: pyridoxine
sense:
(vitamin) A derivative of pyridine, 4,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpyridin-3-ol, found in fish, liver, cereals and yeast, and essential for the metabolism of amino acids and starch.


lexentry: eng/pyrimidine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pyrimidine
trans_list: pyrimidine
sense:
(organic compound) A diazine in which the two nitrogen atoms are in the meta- positions; it is the basis of three of the bases found in DNA and RNA: thymine, uracil and cytosine


lexentry: eng/pyrite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pyrite
trans_list: pyrite
sense:
(mineral) The common mineral iron disulfide (FeS2), of a pale brass-yellow color and brilliant metallic luster, crystallizing in the isometric system.


lexentry: eng/pyrochlore__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pyrochlore
trans_list: pyrochlore
sense:
(mineral) A mineral whose composition is that of a mixed niobate mostly of sodium, calcium and cerium, (Na,Ca)2Nb2O6(OH,F).


lexentry: eng/pyroclastic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pyroclastic
trans_list: pyroclastique
sense:
(vulcanology) Mostly composed of rock fragments of volcanic origin or comminuted during an eruption.


lexentry: eng/pyroclastic_flow__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pyroclastic flow
trans_list: nuée ardente
sense:
(physics, uncountable, uncommon) Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see pyroclastic,‎ flow: flow (uncountable) of pyroclastic particles.


lexentry: eng/pyrogenic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pyrogenic
trans_list: pyrogènique
sense:
(pathology, chemistry) generating or produced by heat, especially in the body; causing or caused by fever


lexentry: eng/pyrograph__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pyrograph
trans_list: pyrograver | faire de la pyrogravure sur
sense:
(transitive, intransitive) To make an image on wood (or other materials) by selectively burning the surface.


lexentry: eng/pyrography__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pyrography
trans_list: pyrogravure
sense:
The freehanded art of decorating wood, leather or other materials with burn marks (resulting in surface burned designs) from the controlled application of a heated object or tool such as a poker.


lexentry: eng/pyrokinesis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pyrokinesis
trans_list: pyrokinésie
sense:
(parapsychology, fantasy, science fiction) The ability to set objects or people on fire or to supernaturally project fire from one's own being through the concentration of psychic power; the power to control fire.


lexentry: eng/pyroligneous_acid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pyroligneous acid
trans_list: vinaigre de bois
sense:
(carboxylic acid) A dark liquid, produced by destructive distillation of wood; containing acetic acid, methanol, oils and tars; once used as a commercial source of acetic acid.


lexentry: eng/pyrolusite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pyrolusite
trans_list: pyrolusite
sense:
(mineral) A dark coloured mineral, consisting of manganese dioxide (MnO2), that is an important ore of manganese.


lexentry: eng/pyrolysis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pyrolysis
trans_list: pyrolyse
sense:
(physical chemistry) The decomposition of a material or compound due to heat, in the absence of oxygen or other reagents.


lexentry: eng/pyromania__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pyromania
trans_list: pyromanie
sense:
(psychology) A compulsive disorder characterized by obsession with fire or uncontrollable urges to start fires.


lexentry: eng/pyrope__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pyrope
trans_list: pyrope
sense:
(mineral) A variety of garnet, of a poppy or blood-red color, frequently with a tinge of orange. It is used as a gemstone.


lexentry: eng/pyrotechnist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pyrotechnist
trans_list: artificier
sense:
(dated) A pyrotechnician: person skilled in the manufacture or setting off of fireworks and firework displays.


lexentry: eng/pyroxene__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pyroxene
trans_list: pyroxène
sense:
(mineral) Any of a group of crystalline minerals containing silicates of iron, magnesium and calcium.


lexentry: eng/pyroxenite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pyroxenite
trans_list: pyroxénite
sense:
(geology) A heavy, dark igneous rock consisting mostly of pyroxene minerals with smaller amounts of olivine and hornblende.


lexentry: eng/pyrrole__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pyrrole
trans_list: pyrrole
sense:
(organic compound) Any of a class of aromatic heterocyclic compounds containing a ring of four carbon atoms and a nitrogen atom; especially the simplest one, C4H5N. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/pythiad__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pythiad
trans_list: pythiade
sense:
(historical) The interval of time between the Pythian Games of Ancient Greece: either four or eight years, depending on the historical period.


lexentry: eng/pyx__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pyx
trans_list: custode | pyxide
sense:
(Roman Catholicism, also, figurative) A small, usually round container used to hold the host, especially when bringing communion to the sick or others unable to attend Mass.


lexentry: eng/qanun__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: qanun
trans_list: loi
sense:
(musical instrument) A Near Eastern and Caucasian musical instrument related to the zither, dulcimer, or harp having either 26 strings and a single bridge, or 42 strings and two bridges.


lexentry: eng/qibla__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: qibla
trans_list: qibla | kibla | kiblat | kiblet
sense:
(Islam) The direction in which Muslims face while praying, currently determined as the direction of the Kaaba in Mecca.


lexentry: eng/qigong__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: qigong
trans_list: qi gong | chi gong | chi kung | qigong
sense:
(fitness, alternative medicine) A Chinese system of breathing control, physical exercise and meditation. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/qilin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: qilin
trans_list: qilin
sense:
A mythical Chinese hooved chimerical creature, said to appear in conjunction with the arrival of a sage.


lexentry: eng/qishlaq__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: qishlaq
trans_list: kichlak
sense:
A rural settlement (originally for the winter period) of seminomadic Turkic peoples of Central Asia, Azerbaijan and Afghanistan.


lexentry: eng/qoph__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: qoph
trans_list: qouf | qof | qoph
sense:
The nineteenth letter of many Semitic alphabets/abjads (Phoenician, Aramaic, Hebrew, Syriac, Arabic and others).


lexentry: eng/quack__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quack
trans_list: charlatan | charlatane
sense:
(pejorative) A fraudulent healer, especially a bombastic peddler in worthless treatments, a doctor who makes false diagnoses for monetary benefit, or an untrained or poorly trained doctor who uses fraudulent credentials to attract patients [from c. 1630]


lexentry: eng/quacksalver__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quacksalver
trans_list: charlatan | médicastre | marchand d'orviétan
sense:
(archaic) One falsely claiming to possess medical or other skills, especially one who dispenses potions, ointments, etc., supposedly having curative powers; a quack. [from c. 1570]


lexentry: eng/quad_bike__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quad bike
trans_list: quad
sense:
A small off-road four-wheeled powered vehicle, especially of a design derived from a motorcycle, usually used for recreation or farm work.


lexentry: eng/quadratic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: quadratic
trans_list: quadratique
sense:
(mathematics) Of a polynomial, equation or function, second-degree: involving the second power (square) of a variable but no higher powers, as ax^2 + bx + c.


lexentry: eng/quadratic_equation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quadratic equation
trans_list: équation du second degré
sense:
(algebra) A polynomial equation of the second degree; an equation that can be rearranged in standard form as ax^2 + bx + c = 0, where x is an unknown value, a, b, and c are known numbers, and where a does not equal zero.


lexentry: eng/quadratic_formula__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quadratic formula
trans_list: formule quadratique
sense:
(mathematics) The formula x = \frac {-b \pm \sqrt{b^2 - 4ac}}{2a} for finding roots of the quadratic equation.


lexentry: eng/quadrature__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: quadrature
trans_list: quadrature
sense:
(astronomy) A situation in which the directions of two celestial bodies (or a celestial body and the Sun) form a right angle from the perspective of the observer.


lexentry: eng/quadrature_amplitude_modulation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quadrature amplitude modulation
trans_list: modulation d'amplitude en quadrature
sense:
(radio) A modulation scheme that conveys data by applying amplitude modulation to two carrier waves at once. These two waves, usually sinusoids, are out of phase with each other by 90° and are thus called quadrature carriers. Commonly abbreviated QAM.


lexentry: eng/quadriceps_femoris__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quadriceps femoris
trans_list: quadriceps fémoral
sense:
(anatomy) A group of four thigh muscles, including the rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, and vastus medialis muscles.


lexentry: eng/quadriga__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: quadriga
trans_list: quadrige
sense:
(historical) A team of four horses, or sometimes other animals, especially as used in chariot racing.


lexentry: eng/quadrille__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quadrille
trans_list: quadrille
sense:
(dance) A dance originating in the mid-1700s with four couples forming a square, rather much like the modern square dance.


lexentry: eng/quadrillion__Numeral__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quadrillion
trans_list: billiard | million de milliards
sense:
(US, modern British and Australian, short scale) A thousand trillion (logic: 1,000 × 1,0004): 1 followed by fifteen zeros, 1015.


lexentry: eng/quadrillion__Numeral__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: quadrillion
trans_list: quadrillion
sense:
(dated, UK, Australia, long scale) A million trillion (logic: 1,000,0004): 1 followed by twenty-four zeros, 1024.


lexentry: eng/quadrivium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quadrivium
trans_list: quadrivium
sense:
(education, historical) The higher division of the seven liberal arts in the Middle Ages, composed of geometry, astronomy, arithmetic, and music.


lexentry: eng/quadruplet__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: quadruplet
trans_list: quadruplé
sense:
One of a group of four, particularly one of four babies born from the same mother during the same birth.


lexentry: eng/quaff__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quaff
trans_list: lamper | vider à longs traits
sense:
To drink or imbibe with vigour or relish; to drink copiously; to swallow in large draughts. [from mid-16th c.]


lexentry: eng/quail-dove__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quail-dove
trans_list: colombe à joues blanches
sense:
Any of several species of bird in the genera Geotrygon and Starnoenas of the pigeon family found in the Americas.


lexentry: eng/quail__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quail
trans_list: caille | caille des blés
sense:
Any of various small game birds of the genera Coturnix, Anurophasis or Perdicula in the Old World family Phasianidae or of the New World family Odontophoridae.


lexentry: eng/quaking_grass__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quaking grass
trans_list: brize
sense:
Any of the genus Briza of annual and perennial grasses, whose flowers and seedheads shake on their stalks in the slightest breeze.


lexentry: eng/qualification__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: qualification
trans_list: qualification
sense:
An ability or attribute that aids someone's chances of qualifying for something; specifically, completed professional training. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/qualifier__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: qualifier
trans_list: apposition
sense:
(grammar) A word or phrase, such as an adjective or adverb, that describes or characterizes another word or phrase, such as a noun or verb; one that adds or subtracts attributes to another.


lexentry: eng/quality__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quality
trans_list: qualité
sense:
(occasionally, proscribed) (attributive) Being of good worth, well made, fit for purpose; of high quality.


lexentry: eng/quality__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: quality
trans_list: qualité
sense:
(uncountable) The degree to which a man-made object or system is free from faults and flaws, as opposed to scope of functions or quantity of items.


lexentry: eng/quality_circle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quality circle
trans_list: cercle de qualité
sense:
a group of employees which meets regularly to resolve problems and improve working methods; part of the kaizen system


lexentry: eng/quality_control__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quality control
trans_list: contrôle qualité
sense:
A control, such as inspection or testing, introduced into an industrial or business process to ensure quality.


lexentry: eng/qualm__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: qualm
trans_list: scrupule
sense:
(now, negative polarity) A prick of the conscience; a moral scruple, a pang of guilt. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/quandary__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quandary
trans_list: embarras | incertitude | perplexité
sense:
A state of not knowing what to decide; a state of difficulty or perplexity; a state of uncertainty, hesitation or puzzlement.


lexentry: eng/quango__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quango
trans_list: autorité administrative indépendante
sense:
(UK, government, often, derogatory) An organization that, although financed by a government, acts independently of it.


lexentry: eng/quantifier__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: quantifier
trans_list: quantificateur
sense:
(logic) An operator, such as the universal quantifier (written as ∀) or the existential quantifier (∃), used in predicate calculus to indicate the degree that predicate is true for a specified set.


lexentry: eng/quantify__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: quantify
trans_list: quantifier
sense:
(logic) To relate a statement (called a predicate) to a given set using a quantifier—either for all (denoted ∀) or there exists (denoted ∃).


lexentry: eng/quantile__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quantile
trans_list: quantile
sense:
(statistics) One of the class of values of a variate which divides the members of a batch or sample into equal-sized subgroups of adjacent values or a probability distribution into distributions of equal probability.


lexentry: eng/quantitative__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: quantitative
trans_list: quantitatif
sense:
(chemistry) Of a form of analysis, that determines the amount of some element or compound in a sample.


lexentry: eng/quantitative_easing__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quantitative easing
trans_list: assouplissement quantitatif
sense:
(economics) A monetary policy in which the central bank increases the money supply in the banking system, as by purchasing bonds from banks.


lexentry: eng/quantity__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quantity
trans_list: quantité
sense:
A fundamental, generic term used when referring to the measurement (count, amount) of a scalar, vector, number of items or to some other way of denominating the value of a collection or group of items.


lexentry: eng/quantization__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quantization
trans_list: quantification
sense:
(uncountable, signal processing) The process of approximating a continuous signal by a set of discrete symbols or integer values


lexentry: eng/quantization__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: quantization
trans_list: quantification
sense:
(countable, physics) A procedure for constructing a quantum field theory starting from a classical field theory; to represent by quanta


lexentry: eng/quantize__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quantize
trans_list: discrétiser | quantifier
sense:
(transitive, physics) To limit the number of possible values of a quantity, or states of a system, by applying the rules of quantum mechanics


lexentry: eng/quantum__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: quantum
trans_list: quantum | quantité
sense:
(physics) The smallest possible, and therefore indivisible, unit of a given quantity or quantifiable phenomenon. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/quantum_chromodynamics__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quantum chromodynamics
trans_list: chromodynamique quantique
sense:
(quantum mechanics) A quantum field theory in particle physics which describes the strong interaction of quarks and gluons employing the concept of color charge.


lexentry: eng/quantum_computer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quantum computer
trans_list: calculateur quantique | ordinateur quantique
sense:
(quantum computing) A computer that exploits quantum mechanical phenomena to transcend classical time complexity limitations.


lexentry: eng/quantum_electrodynamics__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quantum electrodynamics
trans_list: électrodynamique quantique
sense:
(physics) The study of the interaction of electromagnetic radiation with electrically charged matter within the framework of relativity and quantum mechanics.


lexentry: eng/quantum_entanglement__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quantum entanglement
trans_list: intrication quantique | enchevêtrement quantique
sense:
(quantum mechanics) A quantum mechanical phenomenon in which the quantum states of two or more objects have to be described with reference to each other, even though the individual objects are spatially separated.


lexentry: eng/quantum_field_theory__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quantum field theory
trans_list: théorie quantique des champs
sense:
(quantum mechanics) A theory of quantum fields; the result of applying second quantization to Classical Relativistic Field Theory.


lexentry: eng/quantum_fluctuation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quantum fluctuation
trans_list: fluctuation quantique
sense:
(quantum mechanics) A momentary fluctuation in the energy at a point in space due to the Heisenberg uncertainty principle


lexentry: eng/quantum_gravity__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quantum gravity
trans_list: gravité quantique
sense:
(quantum physics) A branch of theoretical physics aiming to unite quantum mechanics with general relativity.


lexentry: eng/quantum_leap__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quantum leap
trans_list: saut quantique
sense:
(quantum mechanics) The discontinuous change of the state of an electron in an atom or molecule from one energy level to another.


lexentry: eng/quantum_logic__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quantum logic
trans_list: logique quantique
sense:
(logic, quantum mechanics) A form of non-classical logic which has been abstracted out of quantum mechanics.


lexentry: eng/quantum_mechanics__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quantum mechanics
trans_list: mécanique quantique | physique quantique
sense:
(physics) The branch of physics which studies matter and energy at the level of atoms and other elementary particles, and substitutes probabilistic mechanisms in place of classical Newtonian ones.


lexentry: eng/quantum_number__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quantum number
trans_list: nombre quantique
sense:
(quantum mechanics) One of certain integers or half-integers that specify the state of a quantum mechanical system (such as an electron in an atom).


lexentry: eng/quantum_teleportation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quantum teleportation
trans_list: téléportation quantique
sense:
(quantum mechanics) the instantaneous transference of a quantum state to a distant location using quantum entanglement and the transmission of classical information


lexentry: eng/quantum_theory__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quantum theory
trans_list: théorie des quanta
sense:
(physics) A theory developed in the early 20th century, according to which nuclear and radiation phenomena can be explained by assuming that energy only occurs in discrete amounts called quanta.


lexentry: eng/quarantine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quarantine
trans_list: quarantaine
sense:
(historical) A 40-day period formerly imposed by the French king upon warring nobles during which they were forbidden from exacting revenge or continuing to fight.


lexentry: eng/quarantine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quarantine
trans_list: quarantaine
sense:
(historical) The 40-day period of isolation required after 1448 at Venice's lazaret to avoid renewed outbreaks of the bubonic plague and identical policies in other locations.


lexentry: eng/quarantine__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: quarantine
trans_list: quarantaine
sense:
A period, instance, or state of isolation from the general public or from native livestock and flora enacted to prevent the spread of any contagious disease.


lexentry: eng/quarantine__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: quarantine
trans_list: quarantaine
sense:
(figurative) A similar period, instance, or state of rigidly enforced or self-enforced detention or isolation.


lexentry: eng/quarantine__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: quarantine
trans_list: quarantaine
sense:
(politics, figurative) A blockade of trade, suspension of diplomatic relations, or other action whereby one country seeks to isolate another.


lexentry: eng/quarantine_flag__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quarantine flag
trans_list: drapeau jaune
sense:
(nautical) A black and yellow flag (signal flag LIMA) formerly hoisted by a ship to show that it has contagious or infectious disease aboard, or by a ship that has been quarantined. This use was listed in Brown’s 1916 code of signals, but this use is no longer listed in contemporary editions of the International Code of Signals.


lexentry: eng/quark__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quark
trans_list: quark
sense:
(particle) In the Standard Model, one of a number of elementary subatomic particles having fractional electric charge that forms matter. They are theorized not to exist in isolation, but only in combinations in hadrons such as neutrons and protons or in quark–gluon plasmas.


lexentry: eng/quark__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quark
trans_list: quark | fromage blanc | caillé | faisselle | maquée
sense:
A soft, creamy, unripened cheese made from cow's milk, originating from and eaten throughout central, northern, eastern, and southeastern Europe, as well as the Low Countries.


lexentry: eng/quarrel__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quarrel
trans_list: carreau
sense:
(countable, archery, historical) An arrow or bolt for a crossbow or an arbalest, traditionally with the head square in its cross section.


lexentry: eng/quarrel__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quarrel
trans_list: se disputer | se quereller
sense:
(intransitive, also, figuratively) To argue fiercely; to contend; to squabble; to cease to be on friendly terms, to fall out.


lexentry: eng/quart__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quart
trans_list: pinte
sense:
A unit of liquid capacity equal to two pints; one-fourth (quarter) of a gallon. Equivalent to 1.136 liters in the UK and 0.946 liter (liquid quart) or 1.101 liters (dry quart) in the U.S.


lexentry: eng/quarter-life_crisis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quarter-life crisis
trans_list: crise de la trentaine
sense:
(psychology) A situation resembling the mid-life crisis but taking place earlier, when roughly a quarter of one's adult life has passed, typically in one's twenties or thirties.


lexentry: eng/quarter__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quarter
trans_list: pièce de [[vingt-cinq]] cents | quarter
sense:
(North America) A quarter-dollar, divided into 25 cents; the coin of that value minted in the United States or Canada. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/quarter__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quarter
trans_list: quart | trimestre | quartier
sense:
(historical) A measure of length; originally a fourth part of an ell, now chiefly a fourth part of a yard. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/quarter__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quarter
trans_list: trimestre
sense:
(now, historical) A fourth part of the night; one of the watches or divisions of the night. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/quarter__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: quarter
trans_list: quartier
sense:
(farriery) The part on either side of a horse's hoof between the toe and heel, the side of its coffin. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/quarter__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: quarter
trans_list: quartier
sense:
A division or section of a town or city, especially having a particular character of its own, or associated with a particular group etc. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/quarter_farthing__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quarter farthing
trans_list: quart de farthing
sense:
(historical, _, numismatics) A British coin, produced for circulation in Ceylon 1839–1853, which, at a face value of ⅟₁₆d. (£⅟₃₈₄₀), is the lowest denomination of coin ever minted for the United Kingdom.


lexentry: eng/quarterback__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quarterback
trans_list: quart-arrière | quarterback
sense:
(American football, Canadian football) An offensive back whose primary job is to pass the ball in a play.


lexentry: eng/quarterfinal__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quarterfinal
trans_list: quart de finale
sense:
(sports) One of the four competitions in a knockout tournament whose winners go on to play in the two semifinals.


lexentry: eng/quartermaster__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quartermaster
trans_list: quartier-maître
sense:
(military rank) An officer whose duty is to provide quarters, provisions, storage, clothing, fuel, stationery, and transportation for a regiment or other body of troops, and superintend the supplies. Master of quartering.


lexentry: eng/quartile__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quartile
trans_list: quartile
sense:
(statistics) Any of the three points that divide an ordered distribution into four parts, each containing a quarter of the population.


lexentry: eng/quartz__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quartz
trans_list: quartz | cristal de roche
sense:
(mineral) The most abundant mineral on the earth's surface, of chemical composition silicon dioxide, SiO2. It occurs in a variety of forms, both crystalline and amorphous. Found in every environment.


lexentry: eng/quasar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quasar
trans_list: quasar
sense:
(galaxy) An extragalactic object, starlike in appearance, that is among the most luminous and (putatively) the most distant objects in the universe.


lexentry: eng/quasiparticle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quasiparticle
trans_list: quasiparticule | quasi-particule
sense:
(particle) Any entity that has some characteristics of a distinct particle, but comprises a grouping of multiple particles


lexentry: eng/quaternion__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: quaternion
trans_list: quaternion
sense:
(mathematics) A type of four-dimensional hypercomplex number consisting of a real part and three imaginary parts (real multiples of distinct, independent square roots of −1 denoted by i, j and k); commonly used in vector mathematics and as an alternative to matrix algebra in calculating the rotation of three-dimensional objects.


lexentry: eng/quatrefoil__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quatrefoil
trans_list: quatrefeuille
sense:
(architecture) A symmetrical shape that forms the overall outline of four partially-overlapping circles of the same diameter.


lexentry: eng/quay__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quay
trans_list: quai
sense:
(nautical) A stone or concrete structure on navigable water used for loading and unloading vessels; a wharf.


lexentry: eng/qubit__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: qubit
trans_list: qubit
sense:
(quantum computing) A quantum bit; the basic unit of quantum information described by a superposition of two states; a quantum bit in a quantum computer capable of being in a state of superposition.


lexentry: eng/quecto-__Prefix__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quecto-
trans_list: quecto-
sense:
In the International System of Units and other metric systems of units, multiplying the unit to which it is attached by 10−30 (short scale nonillionth or long scale quintillionth). Symbol: q


lexentry: eng/queen__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: queen
trans_list: reine | dame
sense:
(cards) A playing card with a depiction of a queen on it, generally ranking next below the king and above the jack in a given suit.


lexentry: eng/queen__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: queen
trans_list: dame | reine
sense:
(chess) A chess piece that, under contemporary rules, is the most powerful, able to move any number of spaces horizontally, vertically, or diagonally.


lexentry: eng/queen_mother__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: queen mother
trans_list: reine mère
sense:
A widowed queen consort (a queen dowager) whose son or daughter from that marriage is the reigning monarch.


lexentry: eng/queer__Adjective__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: queer
trans_list: pédé | gay
sense:
(colloquial, sometimes, pejorative) Non-heterosexual or non-cisgender: homosexual, bisexual, asexual, transgender, etc.


lexentry: eng/quefrency__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quefrency
trans_list: quéfrence
sense:
(signal processing) The inverse of the distance between successive lines in a Fourier transform, measured in seconds.


lexentry: eng/quench__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: quench
trans_list: tremper
sense:
(transitive, metallurgy) To cool rapidly by direct contact with liquid coolant, as a blacksmith quenching hot iron.


lexentry: eng/quenching__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: quenching
trans_list: trempe
sense:
(metallurgy) The rapid cooling of a hot metal object, by placing it in a liquid, in order to harden it.


lexentry: eng/query_language__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: query language
trans_list: langage de requête
sense:
(databases, programming) Any of several generalized computer languages in which users may extract data from selected records in a database


lexentry: eng/quesadilla__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quesadilla
trans_list: quesadilla
sense:
A Mexican dish made by filling a tortilla with cheese and sometimes other ingredients and then cooking it until the cheese is melted.


lexentry: eng/question__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: question
trans_list: question | interrogation
sense:
A worded or expressed sentence, phrase, or only a word on its own, which asks for information, a reply, or a response; an interrogative.


lexentry: eng/question_mark__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: question mark
trans_list: point d'interrogation | polygone à queue violacée
sense:
Polygonia interrogationis, a North American nymphalid butterfly with a silver mark on the underside of its hindwing resembling a question mark (sense 1).


lexentry: eng/question_the_question__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: question the question
sense:
To ask that a proposed question's presuppositions be explicitly justified, especially as a preliminary to answering it, for example a complex question or loaded question.

trans_list:
mettre en doute la question | mettre en question la question | remettre en cause la question | remettre en question la question


lexentry: eng/quetta-__Prefix__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quetta-
trans_list: quetta-
sense:
In the International System of Units and other metric systems of units, multiplying the unit to which it is attached by 1030 (a short scale nonillion or long scale quintillion). Symbol: Q


lexentry: eng/quetzal__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quetzal
trans_list: quetzal | couroucou royal
sense:
Any trogon of the genus Pharomacrus, especially a resplendent quetzal (Pharomacrus mocinno), which has very long tail feathers and is found in Guatemala and Costa Rica.


lexentry: eng/queue__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: queue
trans_list: file
sense:
(computing) A data structure in which objects are added to one end, called the tail, and removed from the other, called the head (in the case of a FIFO queue). The term can also refer to a LIFO queue or stack where these ends coincide. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/queue__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: queue
trans_list: natte
sense:
(now, _, historical) A men's hairstyle with a braid or ponytail at the back of the head, such as that worn by men in Imperial China. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/quibble__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quibble
trans_list: argutie
sense:
An argument or objection based on an ambiguity of wording or similar trivial circumstance; a minor complaint. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/quiche__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quiche
trans_list: quiche
sense:
A pie made primarily of egg and cream, perhaps mixed with chopped meat or vegetables, in a pastry crust.


lexentry: eng/quick-and-dirty__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quick-and-dirty
trans_list: quick-and-dirty
sense:
(idiomatic) Done or constructed in a hasty, approximate, temporarily adequate manner, but not exact, fully formed, or reliable for a long period of time.


lexentry: eng/quicken__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quicken
trans_list: exciter
sense:
(literary, also, figuratively) To give life to (someone or something never alive or once dead); to animate, to resurrect, to revive. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/quicklime__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quicklime
trans_list: chaux vive
sense:
Calcium oxide, which is produced by heating (calcining) limestone and gives slaked lime on treatment with water.


lexentry: eng/quiescence__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: quiescence
trans_list: état de repos
sense:
The action of bringing something to rest or making it quiescent; the action of coming to rest or to a quiescent state.


lexentry: eng/quiff__Noun__3
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quiff
trans_list: toupet
sense:
(UK) A hairstyle whereby the forelock is brushed and/or gelled upward, often associated with the styles of the 1950s. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/quill__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: quill
trans_list: piquant | épine
sense:
A sharply pointed, barbed, and easily detached needle-like structure that grows on the skin of a porcupine or hedgehog as a defense against predators. [from early 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/quill__Noun__1
sense_num: 09
written_rep: quill
trans_list: plume
sense:
Something having the form of a quill, such as the fold or plain of a ruff, or (weaving) a spindle, or spool, upon which the thread for the woof is wound in a shuttle.


lexentry: eng/quillback__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quillback
trans_list: couette
sense:
Carpiodes cyprinus, a freshwater fish of the sucker family with a long filament that extends back from the dorsal fin, native to the eastern and central United States.


lexentry: eng/quillon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quillon
trans_list: quillon
sense:
Synonym of crossguard (“a metal bar fixed between, and at right angles to, the blade and the handle of a sword or other bladed weapon that stops an opponent's similar weapon from sliding along the blade and injuring the hand of the person wielding the sword”).


lexentry: eng/quillwort__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quillwort
trans_list: isoète
sense:
Any of various simple microphyllous vascular plants, of the family Isoetaceae, that resemble rushes and produce spores.


lexentry: eng/quilt__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quilt
trans_list: couette | édredon | courtepointe
sense:
A bed covering consisting of two layers of fabric stitched together, with insulation between, often having a decorative design.


lexentry: eng/quilted__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quilted
trans_list: matelassé | rembourré
sense:
Having the characteristics of a quilt; specifically, having two layers of cloth sewn together, with a layer of padding between them.


lexentry: eng/quinceañera__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quinceañera
trans_list: fête des quinze ans | quinceañera
sense:
(chiefly, US) The fifteenth birthday and particularly the celebration and ceremony surrounding it for a young Latina woman.


lexentry: eng/quincunx__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quincunx
trans_list: quinconce
sense:
An arrangement of five units with four forming the corners of a square and the fifth at the centre of the square, a pattern corresponding to the five-spot on dice, playing cards, or dominoes.


lexentry: eng/quinidine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quinidine
trans_list: quinidine
sense:
(organic compound, pharmaceutical drug) A compound obtained from cinchona bark and used to treat irregularities of heart rhythm. It is an isomer of quinine.


lexentry: eng/quinine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quinine
trans_list: quinine
sense:
(pharmaceutical drug) An alkaloid with the chemical formula C20H24N2O2, originally derived from cinchona bark (from plants of the genus Cinchona), used to treat malaria and as an ingredient of tonic water, which presents as a bitter colourless powder; also, a drug containing quinine or a chemical compound derived from it. [from early 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/quinoline__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quinoline
trans_list: quinoléine
sense:
(organic compound) Any of a class of aromatic heterocyclic compounds containing a benzene ring fused with a pyridine ring; especially the simplest such compound, C9H7N.


lexentry: eng/quintessence__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quintessence
trans_list: quintessence
sense:
A thing that is the most perfect example of its type; the most perfect embodiment of something; epitome, prototype.


lexentry: eng/quintessential__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quintessential
trans_list: quintessentiel
sense:
Of the nature of a quintessence (in all senses); being or relating to the ultimate essence of something.


lexentry: eng/quintet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quintet
trans_list: quintette
sense:
(music) A composition (a type of chamber music) in five parts (typically each a singer or instrumentalist, sometimes several musicians)


lexentry: eng/quintillion__Numeral__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quintillion
trans_list: trillion | milliard de milliards
sense:
(US, modern British and Australian, short scale) A billion billion: 1 followed by eighteen zeros, 1018.


lexentry: eng/quire__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quire
trans_list: cahier
sense:
One-twentieth of a ream of paper; a collection of twenty-four or twenty-five sheets of paper of the same size and quality, unfolded or having a single fold.


lexentry: eng/quire__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: quire
trans_list: cahier
sense:
(bookbinding) A set of leaves which are stitched together, originally a set of four pieces of paper (eight leaves, sixteen pages). This is most often a single signature (i.e. group of four), but may be several nested signatures.


lexentry: eng/quirk__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quirk
trans_list: bizarrerie | excentricité | maniérisme
sense:
An idiosyncrasy; a slight glitch, a mannerism; something unusual about the manner or style of something or someone.


lexentry: eng/quit__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: quit
trans_list: arrêter | abandonner | quitter | démissionner
sense:
(transitive) To set at rest; to free, as from anything harmful or oppressive; to relieve; to clear; to liberate.


lexentry: eng/quiver__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quiver
trans_list: carquois | tremblement | frisson | frémissement
sense:
(weaponry) A container for arrows, crossbow bolts or darts, such as those fired from a bow, crossbow or blowgun.


lexentry: eng/quixotic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quixotic
trans_list: quichottesque
sense:
Resembling or characteristic of the Spanish chivalric hero Don Quixote; possessed with or resulting from the desire to do noble and romantic deeds, without thought of realism and practicality.


lexentry: eng/quixotism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quixotism
trans_list: donquichottisme | don-quichottisme | donquichotterie
sense:
A form of idealism and delusion which leads to extravagant and absurd undertakings or sacrifices in obedience to a morbidly romantic ideal of duty or honor, as illustrated by the exploits of Don Quixote in knight-errantry.


lexentry: eng/qulliq__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: qulliq
trans_list: qulliq
sense:
A kudlik, a lamp used by the Inuit, consisting of a cup of soapstone filled with oil (commonly from blubber) with cottongrass or moss used as a wick.


lexentry: eng/quoll__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quoll
trans_list: chat marsupial | dasyure
sense:
Any of the various carnivorous marsupials of the genus Dasyurus found in Australia and New Guinea, roughly the size of a cat.


lexentry: eng/quorate__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quorate
trans_list: capable
sense:
(British) (of a meeting) Having a quorum; having the minimum number of people necessary to conduct business and to cast votes.


lexentry: eng/quorum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quorum
trans_list: quorum
sense:
The minimum number of members required for a group to officially conduct business and to cast votes, often but not necessarily a majority or supermajority.


lexentry: eng/quotation_marks__Noun__1
written_rep: quotation marks
trans_list: guillemet | guillemets
sense:
Note: These languages use “◌”-style marks or other styles as indicated. Some are singular and some plural.


lexentry: eng/quote_unquote__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quote unquote
trans_list: entre guillemets | soi-disant
sense:
(idiomatic) Emphasizes the following (or sometimes preceding) word or phrase for irony, or marks it as not the normal sense of the term. Used almost exclusively in spoken language. In written language, quotation marks would be used instead.


lexentry: eng/quotidian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: quotidian
trans_list: ordinaire | commun | passe-partout
sense:
Having the characteristics of something which can be seen, experienced, etc, every day or very commonly. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/quotidian__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quotidian
trans_list: quotidien | banalité
sense:
(medicine, now, _, rare, historical) A fever which recurs every day; quotidian malaria. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/quotidian__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: quotidian
trans_list: banalité | quotidien
sense:
(Anglicanism, historical) A daily allowance formerly paid to certain members of the clergy. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/quotient__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quotient
trans_list: quotient | rapport
sense:
(arithmetic) The number (either a fraction or an integer) resulting from the division of one number by another.


lexentry: eng/quotient__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: quotient
trans_list: quotient | rapport
sense:
(mathematics) By analogy, the result of any process that is the inverse of multiplication as defined for any mathematical entities other than numbers.


lexentry: eng/quotient_ring__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quotient ring
trans_list: anneau quotient
sense:
(algebra, ring theory) For a given ring R and ideal I contained in R, another ring, denoted R / I, whose elements are the cosets of I in R.


lexentry: eng/qutrit__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: qutrit
trans_list: qutrit
sense:
(quantum computing) A quantum trit; the unit of quantum information described by a superposition of three states; a ternary qudit.


lexentry: eng/rabbet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: rabbet
trans_list: feuillure
sense:
A longitudinal channel, groove, or recess cut out of the edge or face of a plank of wood or other material; especially, one intended to fit another member to form a joint.


lexentry: eng/rabbit's_foot__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: rabbit's foot
trans_list: patte de lapin
sense:
(chiefly, US) A charm carried to bring good luck, traditionally consisting of the left rear foot of a rabbit.


lexentry: eng/rabbit__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: rabbit
trans_list: lapin
sense:
A mammal of most genera of the family Leporidae, with long ears, long hind legs and a short, fluffy tail.


lexentry: eng/rabbit_ears__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: rabbit ears
trans_list: antenne en V d'intérieur
sense:
An indoor dipole antenna consisting of two usually extensible rods connected to a base to form a V shape.


lexentry: eng/rabbit_hole__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: rabbit hole
trans_list: dédale | méandre | écheveau
sense:
(by extension) A time-consuming tangent or detour, often one from which it is difficult to extricate oneself.


lexentry: eng/rabbit_hole__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: rabbit hole
trans_list: lapin | terrier
sense:
Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see rabbit,‎ hole. The entrance to a rabbit warren or burrow; the whole warren or burrow.


lexentry: eng/rabbit_starvation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: rabbit starvation
trans_list: intoxication protéinée
sense:
A form of acute malnutrition caused by excess consumption of any lean meat (such as rabbit), coupled with a lack of nutrients and usually other stressors such as a cold or dry environment.


lexentry: eng/rabble_rouser__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: rabble rouser
trans_list: agitateur | démagogue | fauteur de troubles
sense:
(idiomatic) Someone or something that tends to inspire mobs; something controversial or provocative.


lexentry: eng/rabies__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: rabies
trans_list: rage
sense:
(disease) An infectious disease caused by species of Lyssavirus that causes acute encephalitis in warm-blooded animals and people, characterised by abnormal behaviour such as biting, excitement, aggressiveness, and dementia, followed by paralysis and death.


lexentry: eng/raccoon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: raccoon
trans_list: raton laveur | chaoui | chat sauvage | chat-chouage | raton laveur commun
sense:
An omnivorous, nocturnal mammal native to the Americas, of the genus Procyon, typically with a mixture of gray, brown, and black fur, a mask-like marking around the eyes and a striped tail.


lexentry: eng/raccoon_dog__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: raccoon dog
trans_list: chien viverrin
sense:
A canid of the genus Nyctereutes, native to East Asia and widely introduced elsewhere in other cool parts of Eurasia.


lexentry: eng/race__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: race
trans_list: course
sense:
A contest between people, animals, vehicles, etc. where the goal is to be the first to reach some objective.


lexentry: eng/race__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: race
trans_list: race
sense:
A group of sentient beings, particularly people, distinguished by common ancestry, heritage or characteristics (see Wikipedia's article on historical definitions of race):


lexentry: eng/race__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: race
trans_list: race
sense:
A large group of people distinguished from others on the basis of common physical characteristics, such as skin color or hair type.


lexentry: eng/race__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: race
trans_list: race
sense:
A large group of people distinguished from others on the basis of shared characteristics or qualities, for example social qualities.


lexentry: eng/race__Noun__2
sense_num: 02
written_rep: race
trans_list: race
sense:
(biology) A population geographically separated from others of its species that develops significantly different characteristics; a mating group.


lexentry: eng/race_card__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: race card
trans_list: programme des courses
sense:
(sports) A printed card or pamphlet giving information about a series of horse races and listing the horses to be run; a racebook.


lexentry: eng/raceme__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: raceme
trans_list: grappe | racème
sense:
(botany) An indeterminate inflorescence in which the flowers are arranged along a single central axis.


lexentry: eng/racemic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: racemic
trans_list: racémique
sense:
(chemistry) Containing equal amounts of dextrorotatory (+) and levorotatory (−) stereoisomers and therefore not optically active.


lexentry: eng/racewalking__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: racewalking
trans_list: marche athlétique
sense:
(sports) A sport in which people try to walk as fast as possible, subject to the constraint that at least one foot must be on the ground at all time (or else they would be running).


lexentry: eng/racism__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: racism
trans_list: racisme
sense:
Prejudice or discrimination based upon race or ethnicity; (countable) an action of such discrimination.


lexentry: eng/racist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: racist
trans_list: raciste
sense:
A person who believes in or supports racism; a person who believes that a particular race is superior to others, or who discriminates against other races.


lexentry: eng/rack__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: rack
trans_list: chevalet
sense:
(historical) A device, incorporating a ratchet, used to torture victims by stretching them beyond their natural limits.


lexentry: eng/racket__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: racket
trans_list: raquette
sense:
(countable, sports) An implement with a handle connected to a round frame strung with wire, sinew, or plastic cords, and used to hit a ball, such as in tennis or a shuttlecock in badminton.


lexentry: eng/racketeer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: racketeer
trans_list: racketteur
sense:
One who commits crimes (especially fraud, bribery, loansharking, extortion etc.) to aid in running a shady or illegal business.


lexentry: eng/rackett__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: rackett
trans_list: cervelas
sense:
(musical instruments) An old wind instrument of the double bassoon kind, having ventages but not keys.


lexentry: eng/ractopamine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ractopamine
trans_list: ractopamine
sense:
(pharmaceutical drug) A drug used as a feed additive to promote leanness in pigs raised for their meat.


lexentry: eng/radar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: radar
trans_list: radar
sense:
(uncountable) A method of detecting distant objects and determining their position, velocity, or other characteristics by analysis of sent radio waves (usually microwaves) reflected from their surfaces.


lexentry: eng/radar_astronomy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: radar astronomy
trans_list: radarastronomie
sense:
(astronomy) A technique that uses radar echoes to examine bodies within the solar system, obtaining information about size, shape, topography, surface density, spin etc.


lexentry: eng/radian__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: radian
trans_list: radian
sense:
(geometry) In the International System of Units, the derived unit of plane angle: the angle subtended at the centre of a circle by an arc of its circumference equal in length to the radius of the circle. Symbol: rad.


lexentry: eng/radiator__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: radiator
trans_list: radiateur
sense:
(automotive) A device that lowers engine coolant temperature by conducting heat to the air, through metal fins.


lexentry: eng/radical__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: radical
trans_list: radical | radicale
sense:
(historical, early 20th-century France) A member of an influential, centrist political party favouring moderate social reform, a republican constitution, and secular politics.


lexentry: eng/radical__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: radical
trans_list: radical | clé
sense:
(linguistics) In logographic writing systems such as the Chinese writing system, the portion of a character (if any) that provides an indication of its meaning, as opposed to phonetic.


lexentry: eng/radicchio__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: radicchio
trans_list: radicchio | trévise
sense:
A cultivar of chicory (Cichorium intybus var. foliosum) with red leaves and a slightly bitter taste, eaten as a salad vegetable or grilled.


lexentry: eng/radio__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: radio
trans_list: radio | radiodiffusion
sense:
(uncountable) The technology that allows for the transmission of sound or other signals by modulation of electromagnetic waves.


lexentry: eng/radio__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: radio
trans_list: radio
sense:
(countable) A device that can capture (receive) the signal sent over radio waves and render the modulated signal as sound.


lexentry: eng/radio_amateur__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: radio amateur
trans_list: radioamateur | radioamatrice
sense:
A person who practises the hobby of amateur radio. Radio amateurs must possess a licence issued by the relevant authority in the country in which they live, and must pass an exam before they can obtain a licence to operate.


lexentry: eng/radio_astronomy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: radio astronomy
trans_list: radioastronomie
sense:
The branch of astronomy which studies celestial bodies and occurrences at radio frequencies by means of radio telescopes.


lexentry: eng/radio_beacon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: radio beacon
trans_list: radiobalise | radioborne
sense:
(communication, aviation, nautical, navigation) A beacon that emits radio wave signals to guide ships or aircraft or to indicate the position of a ship, aircraft, or other object, person, or vehicle.


lexentry: eng/radio_button__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: radio button
trans_list: bouton radio
sense:
Any of a line of preset buttons on a car radio used to select the station to be listened to; pressing one releases the others.


lexentry: eng/radio_button__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: radio button
trans_list: bouton radio
sense:
(graphical user interface) Any of a group of widgets in a graphical user interface that is used to select one of a group of options; the selection of any one deselects the others.


lexentry: eng/radio_drama__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: radio drama
trans_list: radioroman | radiothéâtre | théâtre radiophonique
sense:
Dramatized, purely acoustic performance, broadcast on radio or published on audio media, such as tape or CD.


lexentry: eng/radio_frequency__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: radio frequency
trans_list: radiofréquence
sense:
(uncountable) That part of the electromagnetic spectrum, between about 3 kHz and 300 MHz, within which radio waves are transmitted.


lexentry: eng/radio_silence__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: radio silence
trans_list: silence radio
sense:
(figurative) A period of time during which nothing is heard from a person or organization, especially when such communication would normally be expected.


lexentry: eng/radio_station__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: radio station
trans_list: station de radio
sense:
An installation of a radio transmitter, and possibly a receiver, for the purpose of broadcasting or communication.


lexentry: eng/radio_telescope__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: radio telescope
trans_list: radiotélescope
sense:
(astronomy) A device for observing astronomical sources of radio waves, normally having one or more large parabolic dishes.


lexentry: eng/radio_wave__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: radio wave
trans_list: onde radio | onde radioélectrique
sense:
(physics) electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength between about .5 centimeters and 30,000 meters; used for the broadcasting of radio and television signals.


lexentry: eng/radioactivity__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: radioactivity
trans_list: radioactivité
sense:
Spontaneous emission of ionizing radiation as a consequence of a nuclear reaction, or directly from the breakdown of an unstable nucleus.


lexentry: eng/radioactivity__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: radioactivity
trans_list: radioactivité
sense:
The radiation so emitted; including gamma rays, alpha particles, neutrons, electrons, positrons, etc.


lexentry: eng/radiocarbon_dating__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: radiocarbon dating
trans_list: radiochronologie
sense:
(physics, archaeology, paleontology) A method of estimating the age of an artifact or biological vestige based on the relative amounts of the different isotopes of carbon present in a sample.


lexentry: eng/radiogram__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: radiogram
trans_list: radiogramme
sense:
(telegraphy, historical) Synonym of radiotelegram (“a message, like a telegram, transmitted by wireless telegraphy”).


lexentry: eng/radiograph__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: radiograph
trans_list: radiographie
sense:
An image, often a photographic negative, produced by radiation other than visible light; especially an X-ray photograph.


lexentry: eng/radiolarian__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: radiolarian
trans_list: radiolaire
sense:
Any of many marine amoeboid protozoa, of subclass Radiolaria, having filamentous pseudopodia; they have intricate silica skeletons.


lexentry: eng/radiology__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: radiology
trans_list: radiologie
sense:
(medicine) The specialty of medical imaging and its interpretation, originally and especially radiography#Noun but now including all imaging modalities, including ones that use no radiation#Noun (such as ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging).


lexentry: eng/radish__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: radish
trans_list: radis
sense:
A plant of the Brassicaceae family, Raphanus sativus or Raphanus raphanistrum subsp. sativus, having an edible root.


lexentry: eng/radium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: radium
trans_list: radium
sense:
The chemical element (symbol Ra) with an atomic number of 88. It is a soft, shiny and silvery radioactive alkaline earth metal.


lexentry: eng/radius_of_convergence__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: radius of convergence
trans_list: rayon de convergence
sense:
for a power series \sum_{n=0}^\infty c_n (z-a)^n, the unique number R=[0,\infty] such that the sum is convergent for |z-a|R


lexentry: eng/radius_of_curvature__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: radius of curvature
trans_list: rayon de courbure
sense:
(mathematics, for any point on a curve) The radius of the osculating circle at the point on the curve


lexentry: eng/radix__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: radix
trans_list: base
sense:
(mathematics) The number of distinct symbols used to represent numbers in a particular base, as ten for decimal.


lexentry: eng/radon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: radon
trans_list: radon
sense:
The chemical element (symbol Rn, formerly Ro) with atomic number 86. It is an odorless, colorless, chemically inert but radioactive noble gas.


lexentry: eng/raffia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: raffia
trans_list: raphia
sense:
A fibrous material used for tying plants, originating from the leaves of raffia palm trees (genus Raphia).


lexentry: eng/raffinate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: raffinate
trans_list: raffinat
sense:
(chemistry) A solution from which some material has been removed by extraction with an immiscible liquid


lexentry: eng/raft__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: raft
trans_list: radeau | canot pneumatique
sense:
A flat-bottomed craft able to float and drift on water, used for transport or as a waterborne platform.


lexentry: eng/rafter__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: rafter
trans_list: chevron
sense:
(architecture) One of a series of sloped beams that extend from the ridge or hip to the downslope perimeter or eave, designed to support the roof deck and its associated loads.


lexentry: eng/rafting__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: rafting
trans_list: rafting | radelage
sense:
The sport of guiding a raft while descending a river, especially through rapids known as white water rafting.


lexentry: eng/rag__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: rag
trans_list: chiffon | haillon | guenille | fripe | loque | oripeau
sense:
A piece of old cloth, especially one used for cleaning, patching, etc.; a tattered piece of cloth; a shred or tatter.


lexentry: eng/rag__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: rag
trans_list: canard | torchon
sense:
(slang, pejorative) A newspaper or magazine, especially one whose journalism is considered to be of poor quality.


lexentry: eng/ragdoll__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ragdoll
trans_list: ragdoll
sense:
A modern American breed of domestic cat with a longhair colourpoint coat that relaxes completely when picked up.


lexentry: eng/ragman__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ragman
trans_list: chiffonnier
sense:
A person who collects and sells unwanted household items such as rags and other refuse for a living, a rag and bone man.


lexentry: eng/ragpicker__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ragpicker
trans_list: chiffonnier
sense:
A person who collects and sells unwanted household items such as rags and other refuse for a living, a rag and bone man (UK) or ragman (US).


lexentry: eng/ragweed__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ragweed
trans_list: herbe à poux
sense:
A plant of the genus Ambrosia. These weeds are particularly noted for producing pollen which people with hay fever are allergic to.


lexentry: eng/ragwort__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ragwort
trans_list: séneçon
sense:
Any of a number of wild flowering plants with yellow flowers in the family Asteraceae, mostly belonging to Senecio and related genera.


lexentry: eng/raid__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: raid
trans_list: raid | razzia | descente | rafle
sense:
(law enforcement) An attack or invasion for the purpose of making arrests, seizing property, or plundering.


lexentry: eng/rail_trail__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: rail trail
trans_list: sentier ferroviaire
sense:
(rail transport) A former railway track converted into a multi-use path, typically as a greenway for walking and cycling.


lexentry: eng/rail_transport__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: rail transport
trans_list: chemin de fer
sense:
The transport of passengers and goods by means of wheeled vehicles that are specially designed to run on railways or railroads.


lexentry: eng/rail_yard__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: rail yard
trans_list: gare
sense:
A complex of branching railway lines and other infrastructure in which locomotives and rolling stock are stored and rearranged.


lexentry: eng/railcar__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: railcar
trans_list: autobus sur rails | automotrice
sense:
(rail) A powered single railway vehicle designed for passenger transport, with a driver's cab in both ends; Not to be confused with motor coach/motorcar, which is a powered railway vehicle capable to haul a train.


lexentry: eng/railgun__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: railgun
trans_list: canon électrique | railgun
sense:
An electromagnetic gun that uses a large electrical current to propel a projectile down a track of two parallel conductive rails.


lexentry: eng/railroad_tie__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: railroad tie
trans_list: traverse
sense:
(rail transport, US) A heavy, preserved piece of hewn timber laid crossways to and supporting the rails of a railroad or a member of similar shape and function of another material such as concrete.


lexentry: eng/railroad_track__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: railroad track
trans_list: voie ferrée
sense:
(rail, US) A pair of formed steel rails, separated and supported usually on wooden or concrete ties or sleepers, forming a track along which flange-wheeled railroad vehicles may travel.


lexentry: eng/railway__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: railway
trans_list: chemin de fer
sense:
(chiefly, UK, Ireland, and, Commonwealth) A transport system using rails used to move passengers or goods.


