# translation

lexentry: eng/Near_East__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Near East
trans_list: Blízký východ
sense:
(historical) The geographic region of Western Asia located southeast of Eastern Europe, comprising Anatolia, Transcaucasia, the Levant, and Mesopotamia; used primarily in historical contexts.


lexentry: eng/Nefertem__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nefertem
trans_list: Nefertum
sense:
(Egyptian god) An ancient Egyptian god, who represented the first sunlight and the delightful smell of the Egyptian blue lotus flower


lexentry: eng/Neogrammarian__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Neogrammarian
trans_list: mladogramatik
sense:
(linguistics, historical) A member or follower of a 19th-century school of German linguists who first advanced the theory of regular sound change.


lexentry: eng/Neoplatonism__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Neoplatonism
trans_list: novoplatonismus
sense:
A school of philosophy based on the teachings of Plato and, subsequently, Plotinus; it was the foundation for paganism.


lexentry: eng/Nepal__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nepal
trans_list: Nepál
sense:
A country in South Asia, located between China and India. Official name: Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal. Capital and largest city: Kathmandu.


lexentry: eng/Neptune__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Neptune
trans_list: Neptun
sense:
(Roman mythology) The god of the ocean and of earthquakes, equivalent to Poseidon in Greek mythology.


lexentry: eng/Nereid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nereid
trans_list: Nereida
sense:
(Greek mythology) Any one of the fifty sea-nymphs who were daughters of the sea-god Nereus and attendants upon Poseidon (Neptune), and were represented as riding on sea horses, sometimes in human form and sometimes with the tail of a fish.


lexentry: eng/Nestorianism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nestorianism
trans_list: nestoriánství
sense:
(Christianity) The Christological doctrine ascribed to Nestorius, condemned as heretical by the Council of Ephesus but later also ascribed to the Church of the East, holding that within Christ there are two distinct hypostases, divine and human.


lexentry: eng/Netherlands_Antilles__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Netherlands Antilles
trans_list: Nizozemské Antily
sense:
(historical) A former autonomous country and set of islands within the Kingdom of the Netherlands in the Caribbean, composed of the islands of Aruba, Curaçao, Bonaire, Sint Eustatius, Saba and Sint Maarten, dissolved in 2010.


lexentry: eng/Netherlands__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Netherlands
trans_list: Nizozemsko | Holandsko
sense:
The Kingdom of the Netherlands. A country in Western Europe, consisting of four constituent countries: the Netherlands per se, Aruba, Curaçao and Sint Maarten.


lexentry: eng/Netherlands__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Netherlands
trans_list: Nizozemsko | Holandsko
sense:
(rare, chiefly, historical) the Low Countries, a region of Western Europe located around the low-lying areas in and around the Rhine–Meuse–Scheldt delta, including the countries of the Netherlands, Belgium and Luxembourg.


lexentry: eng/New_Caledonia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: New Caledonia
trans_list: Nová Kaledonie
sense:
An archipelago and overseas territory of France in Oceania. Official name: Territory of New Caledonia and Dependencies.


lexentry: eng/New_England__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: New England
trans_list: Nová Anglie
sense:
A geographic region of the northeastern United States, consisting of Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island and Vermont.


lexentry: eng/New_France__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: New France
trans_list: Nová Francie
sense:
(historical) A group of former French colonies in North America, existing from 1534 to 1763 in much of modern eastern Canada and the United States.


lexentry: eng/New_Guinea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: New Guinea
trans_list: Nová Guinea
sense:
A large island in the Pacific Ocean north of Australia, in Oceania, whose territory is divided between Indonesia in the west and Papua New Guinea in the east.


lexentry: eng/New_Latin__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: New Latin
trans_list: nová latina
sense:
The reformed Latin language as written or spoken as a lingua franca from 14th century Renaissance Latin to Contemporary Latin beginning in the late 19th century.


lexentry: eng/New_Objectivity__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: New Objectivity
trans_list: nová věcnost
sense:
An anti-expressionist artistic movement of the first half of the twentieth century that espoused direct, unadorned, matter-of-fact aesthetics.


lexentry: eng/New_Orleans__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: New Orleans
trans_list: New Orleans
sense:
The largest city in Louisiana, United States and the parish seat of Orleans Parish, which is coterminous with the city.


lexentry: eng/New_South_Wales__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: New South Wales
trans_list: Nový Jižní Wales
sense:
A state of Australia, located in the southeastern part of the continent; a former British colony from 1788 to 1901. Capital: Sydney.


lexentry: eng/New_Spain__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: New Spain
trans_list: Nové Španělsko
sense:
(historical) A former viceroyalty (a type of colony) in North America and Central America that existed from 1521 to 1821. It comprised of Spain's territorial possessions in the New World including the southwestern United States, Mexico, Central America, and the Philippines, established following the Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire in 1521.


lexentry: eng/New_Testament__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: New Testament
trans_list: Nový zákon
sense:
(bible, Christianity) The second half of the Christian Bible, which includes the four Gospels, the Book of Acts, the Epistles, and the Book of Revelation.


lexentry: eng/New_World_Order__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: New World Order
trans_list: nový světový řád
sense:
A vision for the world in which greater peace and stability is achieved through a new political order.


lexentry: eng/New_Year's_Day__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: New Year's Day
trans_list: Nový rok
sense:
A holiday celebrating the first day of the New Year, celebrated on January 1 in cultures following the Gregorian calendar.


lexentry: eng/New_Year's_Eve__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: New Year's Eve
trans_list: silvestr
sense:
The holiday occurring on the last day of the year, celebrated on December 31st in cultures following the Gregorian calendar.


lexentry: eng/New_Year__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: New Year
trans_list: Nový rok
sense:
In particular, January 1 in the Julian and Gregorian calendar (New Year’s Day) and the days following.


lexentry: eng/New_York_City__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: New York City
trans_list: New York
sense:
The largest city in the United States, situated in the state of New York at the mouth of the Hudson River on the northeastern Atlantic Coast.


lexentry: eng/New_York__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: New York
trans_list: New York
sense:
The largest city in the state of New York, and the largest city in the United States, a metropolis extending into neighboring New Jersey.


lexentry: eng/New_Zealand__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: New Zealand
trans_list: Nový Zéland | novozélandský
sense:
A country and archipelago of Oceania, to the east of Australia. Official name: New Zealand. Capital: Wellington.


lexentry: eng/Newfoundland__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Newfoundland
trans_list: Newfoundland
sense:
A large island off the coast of eastern Canada, which, along with Labrador, has composed the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador since 1949, and the Dominion of Newfoundland, before it.


lexentry: eng/Newspeak__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Newspeak
trans_list: newspeak
sense:
(computer languages) A highly dynamic and reflective programming language descended from Smalltalk, supporting both object-oriented and functional programming.


lexentry: eng/Niagara_Falls__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Niagara Falls
trans_list: Niagarské vodopády
sense:
A waterfall in Niagara river, Niagara region, on the international border between Canada and United States, in both Ontario and New York state; Massive waterfalls located on the Niagara River.


lexentry: eng/Nice__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nice
trans_list: Nice
sense:
A coastal city, the capital of Alpes-Maritimes department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in southeast France.


lexentry: eng/Nicene_Creed__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nicene Creed
trans_list: Nicejské vyznání
sense:
The first official creed of the early Christian church, stating the basic tenets of the Christian faith, including the homoousian nature of the Holy Trinity.


lexentry: eng/Nietzschean__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nietzschean
trans_list: nietzscheovský | nietzschovský
sense:
Of, pertaining to or characteristic of Friedrich Nietzsche (1844–1900), German philosopher, or his writings.


lexentry: eng/Nigeria__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nigeria
trans_list: Nigérie
sense:
A country in West Africa, south of the country of Niger. Official name: Federal Republic of Nigeria. Capital: Abuja. Largest city: Lagos.


lexentry: eng/Nihilism__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nihilism
trans_list: nihilismus
sense:
(Russia, politics, historical) A movement of the 1860s that rejected all authority and promoted the use of violence for political change.


lexentry: eng/Nile__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nile
trans_list: Nil
sense:
A large river in Africa flowing through Khartoum and Cairo into the Mediterranean Sea, usually considered to be the longest river in the world.


lexentry: eng/Ningxia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ningxia
trans_list: Ning-sia
sense:
A Hui autonomous region of China. Official name: Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. Capital: Yinchuan. [from late 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/Nintendocore__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nintendocore
trans_list: Nintendocore
sense:
(music genre, video games) An aggressive genre of modern rock music influenced by chiptunes and video game music. [from 2001]


lexentry: eng/Nintendrone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nintendrone
trans_list: počít
sense:
(slang, derogatory, video games) A slavish supporter of Nintendo's video games or consoles; a Nintendo fanboy


lexentry: eng/Nisan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nisan
trans_list: nisan
sense:
(Judaism) The seventh month of the civil year and the first month of the ecclesiastical year in the Jewish calendar, after Adar and before Iyar.


lexentry: eng/Niue__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Niue
trans_list: Niue
sense:
An island and country in Polynesia in Oceania, a self-governing state in free association with New Zealand. Official name: Republic of Niue. Capital: Alofi.


lexentry: eng/Nizhny_Novgorod__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Nizhny Novgorod
trans_list: Nižnij Novgorod
sense:
The capital city of Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, Russia; the fourth-largest in the country by population.


lexentry: eng/Nobel_Prize__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nobel Prize
trans_list: Nobelova cena
sense:
Any of the international prizes awarded annually by the Nobel Foundation for outstanding achievements in the fields of physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, literature and for the promotion of world peace; or the prize in economics awarded by the Swedish National Bank, in memorial of Alfred Nobel.


lexentry: eng/Nogai__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nogai
trans_list: nogajština
sense:
A Turkic language spoken in the northern Caucasus region of southwestern Russia and in Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan.


lexentry: eng/Nordic_combined__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nordic combined
trans_list: severská kombinace
sense:
(skiing) An event in which individual skiers take part in runs on a cross-country skiing course and a ski jumping hill.


lexentry: eng/Norfolk_Island__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Norfolk Island
trans_list: Norfolk
sense:
An external territory consisting of three islands of Australia in the Pacific Ocean, the main island of which is also named Norfolk Island.


lexentry: eng/Norma__Proper_noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Norma
trans_list: Pravítka
sense:
(constellation) An inconspicuous constellation of the southern sky, said to resemble a carpenter's square. It lies south of the constellations Scorpius and Centaurus.


lexentry: eng/Norman__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Norman
trans_list: Norman
sense:
A member of the mixed Scandinavian and Frankish peoples who, in the 11th century, were a major military power in Western Europe and who conquered the English in 1066.


lexentry: eng/Normandy__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Normandy
trans_list: Normandie
sense:
An administrative region, historical province, and medieval kingdom in northwest France, on the English Channel. The modern region was created in 2016 with the merger of Upper Normandy and Lower Normandy.


lexentry: eng/North_Africa__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: North Africa
trans_list: Severní Afrika
sense:
A geographic region comprising the northern part of Africa, usually referring to specifically the regions north of the Sahara Desert where Arabic is widely spoken as a mother tongue.


lexentry: eng/North_America__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: North America
trans_list: Severní Amerika
sense:
The continent forming the northern part of the Americas; that part east of the Pacific Ocean, west of the Atlantic Ocean, north of South America and south of the Arctic Ocean.


lexentry: eng/North_Carolina__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: North Carolina
trans_list: Severní Karolína
sense:
A state of the United States, situated on the east coast of the North American mainland north of South Carolina and south of Virginia. Capital: Raleigh.


lexentry: eng/North_East__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: North East
trans_list: Severovýchodní Anglie
sense:
(UK) One of nine official administrative regions of England, comprising Northumberland, Tyne and Wear and County Durham as well as a small part of North Yorkshire.


lexentry: eng/North_Germanic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: North Germanic
trans_list: severogermánské jazyky
sense:
(linguistics) A branch of the Germanic language family which comprises Danish, Faroese, Icelandic, Norwegian and Swedish


lexentry: eng/North_Karelia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: North Karelia
trans_list: Severní Karélie
sense:
A county and region in northern Karelia, in southeast Finland. (Since 2022, the English term officially prescribed as the name for the Finnish administrative unit long known as a “region” was changed to be called a “county”, although reference to counties as regions is still common. See Counties of Finland.)


lexentry: eng/North_Korea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: North Korea
trans_list: Severní Korea
sense:
A country in East Asia, whose territory consists of the northern part of Korea. Official name: Democratic People's Republic of Korea. Capital: Pyongyang.


lexentry: eng/North_Macedonia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: North Macedonia
trans_list: Severní Makedonie
sense:
A country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe. Official name: Republic of North Macedonia. Capital and largest city: Skopje. Part of Yugoslavia until 1992. The current name was adopted in 2019 to resolve a naming dispute with Greece.


lexentry: eng/North_Sea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: North Sea
trans_list: Severní moře
sense:
A marginal sea of the Atlantic Ocean between Britain (in the west), Scandinavia (in the east) and Germany, Netherlands, Belgium and France (in the south).


lexentry: eng/North_Star__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: North Star
trans_list: Polárka | Severka
sense:
(astronomy) The current northern pole star, the star nearest the northern celestial pole, which has been Polaris for the last 1500 years.


lexentry: eng/North_Vietnam__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: North Vietnam
trans_list: Severní Vietnam
sense:
(historical) A former Communist country in Southeast Asia that governed northern Vietnam from 1945 to 1975. Official name: Democratic Republic of Vietnam.


lexentry: eng/Northern_Cape__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Northern Cape
trans_list: Severní Kapsko
sense:
A province of South Africa created in 1994 when Cape Province was split into three. Its capital is in Kimberley.


lexentry: eng/Northern_Cyprus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Northern Cyprus
trans_list: Severní Kypr
sense:
A geographic region and de facto unrecognized country comprising the northeastern part of the island of Cyprus, internationally recognized as part of the country of Cyprus. Official name: Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. Capital: North Nicosia.


lexentry: eng/Northern_Europe__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Northern Europe
trans_list: severní Evropa
sense:
A sociopolitical region of Europe including such countries as Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania.


lexentry: eng/Northern_Ireland__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Northern Ireland
trans_list: Severní Irsko
sense:
A constituent country and province of the United Kingdom, situated in the northeastern part of the island of Ireland.


lexentry: eng/Northern_Mariana_Islands__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Northern Mariana Islands
trans_list: Severní Mariany
sense:
An archipelago, commonwealth and dependent territory (technically, an unincorporated territory) of the United States in the Pacific Ocean. Official name: Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands.


lexentry: eng/Northern_Sami__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Northern Sami
trans_list: severní sámština
sense:
The most widely spoken Sami language; it is spoken in northern Norway, Sweden, and Finland. It includes three dialects: Torne, Finnmark and Sea Sami.


lexentry: eng/Northern_Sea_Route__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Northern Sea Route
trans_list: Severní mořská cesta
sense:
(geography) A shipping lane from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean along the Russian Arctic coast from the Barents Sea, along Siberia, to the Far East.


lexentry: eng/Norway_spruce__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Norway spruce
trans_list: smrk ztepilý
sense:
A species of spruce native to Europe and naturalized in temperate northeastern North America, Picea abies.


lexentry: eng/Norwegian__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Norwegian
trans_list: norština | norský
sense:
(uncountable) The language of Norway, which has two official forms (written standards): Bokmål and Nynorsk.


lexentry: eng/Novorossiya__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Novorossiya
trans_list: Nové Rusko
sense:
(historical) An area north of the Black Sea which was conquered by the Russian Empire at the end of the 18th century, located in present-day Ukraine.


lexentry: eng/Numbers__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Numbers
trans_list: Numeri
sense:
The Book of Numbers, the fourth of the Books of Moses in the Old Testament of the Bible, the fourth book in the Torah.


lexentry: eng/Numidia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Numidia
trans_list: Numidie
sense:
(historical) A historical region and ancient Berber kingdom located in North Africa, initially situated in modern Algeria but later expanding into Tunisia and Libya.


lexentry: eng/Nîmes__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nîmes
trans_list: Nîmes
sense:
A city in Occitania, southern France, the capital of the department of Gard, formerly in the region of Languedoc-Roussillon.


lexentry: eng/Occidental__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Occidental
trans_list: západní
sense:
An artificial language, created by Edgar de Wahl later renamed Interlingue shortly before the publication of Interlingua


lexentry: eng/Occitan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Occitan
trans_list: okcitánština | okcitánský
sense:
A Romance language spoken in Occitania, a region of Europe that includes Southern France, Auvergne, Limousin, and some parts of Catalonia and Italy.


lexentry: eng/Occitania__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Occitania
trans_list: Okcitánie
sense:
A cultural region in southwestern Europe where Occitan has historically been spoken, consisting of southern France, parts of Catalonia in Spain, and some valleys in northwestern Italy.


lexentry: eng/Oceania__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Oceania
trans_list: Oceánie
sense:
A continent or continental region composed of many islands (Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia) plus Australasia, located between Asia, Antarctica and the Americas.


lexentry: eng/Oceanus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Oceanus
trans_list: Ókeanos
sense:
(Greek god) Personification of vast waters or the world ocean. He was the first-born of the Titans, son of Uranus and Gaia, the god that encircled the earth. With his sister-wife, Tethys, he fathered all rivers and the Oceanids.


lexentry: eng/Ocheretyne__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Ocheretyne
trans_list: Očeretyne
sense:
A rural settlement, the administrative centre of the settlement hromada of the same name, Pokrovsk Raion, Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine, founded in 1880.


lexentry: eng/Odense__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Odense
trans_list: Odense
sense:
The largest city in the Region of Southern Denmark (Region Syddanmark) and third-largest city in Denmark.


lexentry: eng/Oder__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Oder
trans_list: Odra
sense:
A river in central Europe, that flows from the Czech Republic through Poland and Germany to the Baltic Sea.


lexentry: eng/Odin__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Odin
trans_list: Ódin
sense:
(Norse mythology, and, paganism) A major Germanic god, often described as chief of the pantheon, in his Norse form a member of the Æsir, married to Frigg and associated with knowledge, poetry and war. Wednesday refers to him by way of interpretatio germanica.


lexentry: eng/Odysseus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Odysseus
trans_list: Odysseus | Ulixes
sense:
(Greek mythology) The son of Laertes and Anticlea and father of Telemachus. A Greek leader during the Trojan War, he was responsible for the Trojan horse. He was also king of Ithaca, hero of the Iliad and protagonist of the Odyssey.


lexentry: eng/Oedipus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Oedipus
trans_list: Oidipus
sense:
(Greek mythology) A son of Laius and Jocasta, who unwittingly killed his father and married his mother.


lexentry: eng/Oedipus_complex__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Oedipus complex
trans_list: oidipovský komplex
sense:
(psychoanalysis) In Freudian theory, the complex of emotions aroused in a child by an unconscious sexual desire for the parent of the opposite sex.


lexentry: eng/Ohm's_law__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ohm's law
trans_list: Ohmův zákon
sense:
(physics) Ohm's observation that the direct current flowing in an electrical circuit consisting only of resistances is directly proportional to the voltage applied.


lexentry: eng/Okazaki_fragment__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Okazaki fragment
trans_list: Okazakiho fragment
sense:
(genetics, often, _, in the plural) One of many short, newly synthesized DNA fragments formed on the lagging template strand (i.e. lagging strand) during DNA replication.


lexentry: eng/Old_Catholic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Old Catholic
trans_list: starokatolický
sense:
Pertaining to a group of churches that split from the Roman Catholic Church over the dogma of papal infallibility, which they did not agree with.


lexentry: eng/Old_East_Slavic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Old East Slavic
trans_list: staroruština | stará ruština
sense:
(historical) A Slavic language used from the 10th to the 14th centuries by East Slavs in the state of Kievan Rus and its successors. The ancestor of Belarusian, Russian, Rusyn and Ukrainian.


lexentry: eng/Old_English_Sheepdog__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Old English Sheepdog
trans_list: bobtail | staroanglický ovčák
sense:
A herding dog of a particular breed (also used as a pet), with shaggy grey and white fur also covering its face, and a docked tail.


lexentry: eng/Old_English__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Old English
trans_list: stará angličtina
sense:
(linguistics, history) The ancestor language of Modern English, also called Anglo-Saxon, spoken in most of Britain from about 400 to 1100.


lexentry: eng/Old_High_German__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Old High German
trans_list: starohornoněmčina | stará horní němčina
sense:
The early recorded form of the High German language, spoken from the 8th century to the 11th century.


lexentry: eng/Old_Italian__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Old Italian
trans_list: staroitalština | stará italština
sense:
The continuum of languages derived from Vulgar Latin spoken in the Italian peninsula between circa 960 and the establishment of the Accademia della Crusca in 1582.


lexentry: eng/Old_Latin__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Old Latin
trans_list: archaická latinka
sense:
The Latin language in the period before the age of Classical Latin; particularly Latin before 75 BC.


lexentry: eng/Old_Maid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Old Maid
trans_list: všivý
sense:
(uncountable) A children's card game, sometimes played with a special deck, where the object of the game is for each player to find matches for all the cards in his hand, without being stuck with the single unmatchable card.


lexentry: eng/Old_Norse__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Old Norse
trans_list: stará severština
sense:
The language of Scandinavia until the 14th century, the common ancestor of modern Swedish, Danish, Norwegian, Faroese, and Icelandic.


lexentry: eng/Old_Spanish__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Old Spanish
trans_list: prašpanělština
sense:
Set of West Iberian language varieties spoken on the Iberian Peninsula from the 10th century until roughly the beginning of the 15th century, before a consonantic readjustment gave rise to the evolution of Modern Spanish, differentiating Spanish proper from Ladino and Ḥaketía.


lexentry: eng/Old_Testament__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Old Testament
trans_list: Starý zákon
sense:
(religion, chiefly, Christianity) The first major part of the Christian Bible, covering events before the coming of Christ, corresponding roughly to the Jewish Tanakh. Usually subdivided into the categories of law, history, poetry (or wisdom books), and prophecy.


lexentry: eng/Oleshky__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Oleshky
trans_list: Olešky
sense:
A city, the administrative centre of Oleshky urban hromada, Kherson Raion, Kherson Oblast, Ukraine, founded in 1784 on the site of a much older settlement.


lexentry: eng/Olivia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Olivia
trans_list: Olivia | Olivie
sense:
A city, the county seat of Renville County, Minnesota, United States, named for a female station agent named Olive.


lexentry: eng/Olomouc_cheese__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Olomouc cheese
trans_list: olomoucké syrečky | olomoucké tvarůžky
sense:
a kind of ripened soft cheese, characteristic with its strong scent, distinctive pungent taste and yellowish colour, traditionally made in central Moravia, the Czech Republic


lexentry: eng/Olympiad__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Olympiad
trans_list: olympiáda
sense:
(by, _, extension, usually, _, preceded, _) A competition aspiring to the importance of the Olympic Games or considered similar to them, especially one occurring at 4-year intervals, representing a national or international range of amateur student rather than professional adult competition, and/or requiring the highest level of ability in the field for success.


lexentry: eng/Olympian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Olympian
trans_list: olympijský
sense:
(not comparable) Of or relating to Mount Olympus, the highest mountain in Greece; or (Greek mythology) the Greek gods and goddesses who were believed to live there.


lexentry: eng/Olympic_Games__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Olympic Games
trans_list: olympijské hry
sense:
An international multi-sport event (inspired by the ancient festival) taking place every fourth year. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/Olympic_village__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Olympic village
trans_list: olympijská vesnice
sense:
An area where participating athletes, as well as officials and trainers, are accommodated during the Olympic Games.


lexentry: eng/Omsk__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Omsk
trans_list: Omsk
sense:
A city, the administrative center of Omsk Oblast, Russia, the seventh-largest in the country by population.


lexentry: eng/Onega__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Onega
trans_list: Oněžské jezero
sense:
a freshwater lake in the north-west European part of Russia, located on the territory of Republic of Karelia, Leningrad Oblast and Vologda Oblast


lexentry: eng/Ophiuchus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ophiuchus
trans_list: Hadonoš
sense:
(zodiac constellations) A zodiacal constellation of the northern summer said to depict a man (Asclepius) holding a serpent; the serpent is the constellation Serpens.


lexentry: eng/Orcus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Orcus
trans_list: Orcus
sense:
(astronomy) A plutino and planetoid, possibly a dwarf planet; sometimes referred to as the “anti-Pluto”.


lexentry: eng/Oregon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Oregon
trans_list: Oregon
sense:
A state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. Capital: Salem. Largest city: Portland.


lexentry: eng/Oregon_grape__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Oregon grape
trans_list: mahónie
sense:
An evergreen shrub (Berberis aquifolium, syn. Mahonia aquifolium) native to the northwestern United States and southwestern Canada, having broadly serrated, glossy leaves and clusters of yellow flowers that develop into dark bluish-purple fruits.


lexentry: eng/Oriental__Adjective__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: Oriental
trans_list: asijský
sense:
Pertaining to the regions east of the Mediterranean, beyond the Roman Empire or the early Christian world; of the Near East, the Middle East or the Far East, now especially relating to East Asia. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/Oriental_studies__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Oriental studies
trans_list: orientalistika
sense:
(humanities) an academic field of study that embraces Near Eastern and Far Eastern societies and cultures, languages, peoples, history and archaeology


lexentry: eng/Orion__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Orion
trans_list: Orion
sense:
(constellation) A constellation on the celestial equator close to Gemini and Taurus, containing the stars Betelgeuse and Rigel.


lexentry: eng/Orleanian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Orleanian
trans_list: orleánský
sense:
Of or relating to a period of geologic time 20 to 16 million years ago, within the Miocene, preceding the Astaracian age and following the Agenian age.


lexentry: eng/Orpheus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Orpheus
trans_list: Orfeus
sense:
(Greek mythology) A Thracian musician and poet, who failed to retrieve his wife Eurydice from Hades.


lexentry: eng/Orthodox__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Orthodox
trans_list: pravoslavný | pravověrný
sense:
(Christianity, loosely) Of or pertaining to a particular Orthodox Church, usually the Eastern Orthodox Church, sometimes the Oriental Orthodox Church or the Church of the East.


lexentry: eng/Orthodoxy__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Orthodoxy
trans_list: pravoslaví
sense:
The aggregate of the definitive elements of the Eastern Orthodox Church, such as its faith, worship, theology, and traditions.


lexentry: eng/Orwellian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Orwellian
trans_list: orwellovský
sense:
Resembling the totalitarian political methods decried in the works of writer George Orwell, particularly in the dystopian novel Nineteen Eighty-Four; characterized by use of misleading terminology, propaganda, censorship, surveillance and repression. [1950]


lexentry: eng/Ossetia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ossetia
trans_list: Osetie
sense:
An ethnolinguistic region on the border of Europe and Asia, located on both sides of the Greater Caucasus Mountains, largely inhabited by the Ossetians. The northern part of the region forms North Ossetia-Alania federal subject of Russia. The southern part is South Ossetia.


lexentry: eng/Ostaš__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ostaš
trans_list: Ostaš
sense:
A mesa in the Broumovsko Protected Landscape Area near Police nad Metují in Náchod District in the Hradec Králové Region of the Czech Republic.


lexentry: eng/Other__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Other
trans_list: druhý
sense:
(philosophy, psychoanalysis) Radical alterity or otherness conceived or reified as a separate entity; “other people” altogether in their difference from oneself.


lexentry: eng/Ottoman_Empire__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ottoman Empire
trans_list: Osmanská říše | Otomanská říše
sense:
(historical) A large former Turkish empire which began as a sultanate centered in modern Turkey and at its height ruled over much of Southeast Europe, West Asia and North Africa; founded in the late 13th century, it lasted until the end of World War I.


lexentry: eng/Our_Lady_of_Sorrows__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Our Lady of Sorrows
trans_list: Panna Maria Sedmibolestná
sense:
(Christianity, chiefly, _, Catholicism) Synonym of Mary, mother of Jesus, in particular reference to her grief at the Christ's crucifixion.


lexentry: eng/Oval_Office__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Oval Office
trans_list: Oválná pracovna
sense:
The official office of the President of the United States, located in the West Wing of the White House.


lexentry: eng/P45__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: P45
trans_list: zápočtový list
sense:
(UK, Ireland) A form that an employee receives when they terminate their employment, detailing income for social security and taxation purposes for the current financial year.


lexentry: eng/PS__Noun__1
sense_num: 10
written_rep: PS
trans_list: P.S. | PS
sense:
Initialism of post scriptum, postscriptum, or postscript, initialism written at the end of a text as a footnote.


lexentry: eng/PTO__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: PTO
trans_list: patentový úřad
sense:
Initialism of patent and trademark office (United States Patent and Trademark Office), usually abbreviated USPTO.


lexentry: eng/Pacific_Ocean__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pacific Ocean
trans_list: Tichý oceán | Pacifik
sense:
An ocean, the world's largest body of water, to the east of Asia and Australasia and to the west of the Americas.


lexentry: eng/Paki_shop__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Paki shop
trans_list: Arab
sense:
(UK, Ireland, offensive, _, slang, derogatory) A corner shop run by a Pakistani or any other person of South-West Asian and South-Asian descent. Hence also any corner shop.


lexentry: eng/Palace_of_Westminster__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Palace of Westminster
trans_list: Westminsterský palác
sense:
An extensive building on the north bank of the River Thames in London, housing the House of Commons and the House of Lords.


lexentry: eng/Palau__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Palau
trans_list: Palau
sense:
A country consisting of around 340 islands in Micronesia, in Oceania. Official name: Republic of Palau. Capital: Ngerulmud.


lexentry: eng/Paleocene__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Paleocene
trans_list: paleocén
sense:
(geology) A geologic epoch within the Paleogene period from about 65 to 56 million years ago; marked by the rise of the first large mammals in a tropical climate.


lexentry: eng/Palestine__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Palestine
trans_list: Palestina
sense:
(historical, technical) A British colonial entity administering approximately the lands mentioned in definition 1.


lexentry: eng/Palestine__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: Palestine
trans_list: Palestina
sense:
(historical, technical, rare) The British League of Nations Mandate for Palestine, of which this region was a part (the remainder being Transjordan, which covered approximately the lands of the modern Kingdom (originally Emirate) of Jordan).


lexentry: eng/Pallas's_gull__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pallas's gull
trans_list: racek velký
sense:
Ichthyaetus ichthyaetus, a large migratory gull that breeds in colonies in marshes and islands from southern Russia to Mongolia.


lexentry: eng/Palmyra__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Palmyra
trans_list: Palmýra
sense:
An ancient city, an oasis in the Syrian Desert, in present-day central Syria, recorded historically from around 2000 BCE, subsequently subject to various empires and destroyed in 273 CE and again in 1400, when it was reduced to a village.


lexentry: eng/Pan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pan
trans_list: Pan
sense:
(Greek god) Greek god of nature, often visualized as half goat and half man playing pipes. His Roman counterpart is Faunus.


lexentry: eng/Panchen_Lama__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Panchen Lama
trans_list: Pančhenlama
sense:
(Tibetan Buddhism) The second-highest-ranking lama of the Gelug sect of Tibetan Buddhism, after the Dalai Lama.


lexentry: eng/Pandora__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pandora
trans_list: Pandóra
sense:
(Greek mythology) The first woman on earth, who had been given a box by the gods and instructed not to open it, but who disobeyed the instructions out of curiosity, releasing all manner of evils into the world.


lexentry: eng/Pangaea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pangaea
trans_list: Pangea
sense:
(geology) A former supercontinent that included all the landmasses of the earth before the Triassic period and that broke up into Laurasia and Gondwana.


lexentry: eng/Pannonia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pannonia
trans_list: Panonie
sense:
(historical) A geographic region and former province of the Roman Empire in central-eastern Europe, existing as a single province from c. 9 AD to 107 AD and as multiple related provinces until 433 AD; located in modern western Hungary, western Slovakia, eastern Austria, northern Croatia, northwestern Serbia, northern Slovenia and northern Bosnia and Herzegovina.


lexentry: eng/Panzerfaust__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Panzerfaust
trans_list: pancéřová pěst
sense:
A light, single-shot anti-tank grenade launcher developed in Germany in the latter stages of the Second World War.


lexentry: eng/Paphlagonia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Paphlagonia
trans_list: Paflagonia
sense:
(historical) A historical region in northern Asia Minor in modern Turkey, on the shore of the Black Sea, between Bithynia and Pontus.


lexentry: eng/Papua_New_Guinea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Papua New Guinea
trans_list: Papua-Nová Guinea
sense:
A country in Oceania. Official name: Independent State of Papua New Guinea. Capital and largest city: Port Moresby.


lexentry: eng/Papua__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Papua
trans_list: Papua
sense:
The southern part of what is now called Papua New Guinea, formerly administered as a separate territory to New Guinea.


lexentry: eng/Paraguay__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Paraguay
trans_list: Paraguay
sense:
A country in South America. Official name: Republic of Paraguay. Capital and largest city: Asunción.


lexentry: eng/Paralympic_Games__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Paralympic Games
trans_list: paralympijské hry | paralympiáda
sense:
An international sports competition participated in by sportspeople with physical disabilities, which is held every four years as a counterpart of the Olympic Games and nowadays at the same venue.


lexentry: eng/Paralympics__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Paralympics
trans_list: paralympiáda
sense:
(sports) Synonym of Paralympic Games (“an international sports competition participated in by sportspeople with physical disabilities, which is held every four years as a counterpart of the Olympic Games and nowadays at the same venue”).


lexentry: eng/Pareto_distribution__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pareto distribution
trans_list: Paretovo rozdělení
sense:
(statistics) A probability distribution such that for a random variable X with that distribution holds that the probability that X is greater than some number x is given by\Pr(X>x)=\left(\frac{x}{x_\mathrm{m}}\right)^{-k}for all x ≥ xm, where xm is the (necessarily positive) minimum possible value of X, and k is a positive parameter.


lexentry: eng/Pareto_principle__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pareto principle
trans_list: Paretův princip
sense:
The principle that describes the phenomenon wherein a small percentage of a population accounts for a large proportion of a particular characteristic of that population.


lexentry: eng/Parkinson's_disease__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Parkinson's disease
trans_list: Parkinsonova nemoc
sense:
(neurology, disease) A chronic neurological disorder affecting movement, characterized by tremor, slowness of movement (bradykinesia), cogwheel or lead-pipe rigidity, and postural instability.


lexentry: eng/Parthian_Empire__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Parthian Empire
trans_list: Parthská říše
sense:
(historical) An ancient empire of Western Asia founded as a kingdom by Arsaces I with his 3rd-century-BCE conquest of Parthia (only recently a satrapy of the Seleucid Empire) and subsequently greatly expanded by Mithridates I.


lexentry: eng/Parvati__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Parvati
trans_list: Párvatí
sense:
(Hinduism) A Hindu goddess, the goddess of love, devotion and power; nominally the second consort of Shiva, the Hindu god of destruction and rejuvenation.


lexentry: eng/Pascal's_law__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pascal's law
trans_list: Pascalův zákon
sense:
(physics) The law that states that a confined fluid transmits externally applied pressure uniformly in all directions; the basis of hydraulics.


lexentry: eng/Pascal's_triangle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pascal's triangle
trans_list: Pascalův trojúhelník
sense:
(mathematics) A geometric representation of the binomial coefficients in a triangle, each entry being the sum of the two entries above.


lexentry: eng/Pashto__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pashto
trans_list: Paštština
sense:
The native Indo-Iranian language of the Pashtun people; an official language of Afghanistan and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.


lexentry: eng/Passau__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Passau
trans_list: Pasov
sense:
An independent town in the Lower Bavaria region, Bavaria, Germany, on the confluence of Inn and Ilz into Danube.


lexentry: eng/Passover__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Passover
trans_list: pesach
sense:
The one-day Biblical feast or festival (not a holy day) that begins at twilight at the beginning of the fourteenth day of the first month (Abib 14 / Nisan 14), during which the first-born sons of the Israelites were passed over while those of the Egyptians were killed; this feast day is then immediately followed by the seven-day Feast of Unleavened Bread (Nisan 15 to 21; the first and seventh days are holy days or annual or yearly Sabbaths).


lexentry: eng/Pasterska_Góra__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pasterska Góra
trans_list: Pastýřská hora
sense:
A hill (maximum elevation: 711 m) in the Table Mountains on the border of Czech Republic and Poland, near and named for the Polish village of Pasterka.


lexentry: eng/Patagonia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Patagonia
trans_list: Patagonie
sense:
A geographical region in southern South America, including the southern parts of Chile and Argentina.


lexentry: eng/Patras__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Patras
trans_list: Patras
sense:
The third most populated Greek city (after Athens and Thessaloniki), the most populated city in the Peloponnese and the capital of Western Greece (administrative region of Greece).


lexentry: eng/Pavo__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pavo
trans_list: Páva
sense:
(constellation) A constellation of the southern sky, said to resemble a peacock. It lies between the constellations Telescopium and Octans.


lexentry: eng/Pecheneg__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pecheneg
trans_list: Pečeněh
sense:
(historical) A member of a specific semi-nomadic Turkic people from central Asia, some of whom migrated into eastern Europe.


lexentry: eng/Pegasus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pegasus
trans_list: Pegas
sense:
(Greek mythology) A winged horse fabled to have sprung from the blood of Medusa when she was slain. He is noted for causing, with a blow of his hoof, Hippocrene, the inspiring fountain of the Muses, to spring from Mount Helicon. Bellerophon tamed and rode upon Pegasus when he defeated the Chimaera.


lexentry: eng/Pegasus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pegasus
trans_list: Pegas
sense:
(constellation) A constellation of the northern sky, near the vernal equinoctial point, representing the winged horse. Its three brightest stars, with the brightest star of Andromeda, form the asterism of the Great Square of Pegasus.


lexentry: eng/Pelagianism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pelagianism
trans_list: pelagianismus
sense:
(Christianity) A Christian belief that denies the view of original sin and the necessity of grace, asserting that man is capable of achieving salvation by his own efforts.


lexentry: eng/Peloponnese__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Peloponnese
trans_list: Peloponés
sense:
A peninsula in Greece, separated from mainland Europe by the Gulf of Corinth and connected to it by the Isthmus of Corinth.


lexentry: eng/Pennsylvanian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Pennsylvanian
trans_list: pensylvánský
sense:
(geology) Of any of the three geologic epochs (lower, middle and upper) within the Carboniferous period from 318 to 299 million years ago; marked by a high oxygen atmosphere and the rise of reptiles and winged insects.


lexentry: eng/Pentecost__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Pentecost
trans_list: Letnice
sense:
A festival which falls on the seventh Sunday after Easter which commemorates the event described in Acts 2 of the Bible when the Holy Spirit descended upon the Apostles during the Jewish festival of Pentecost (sense 1), conferring on them the miraculous ability to explain the gospel in languages they did not know; also, the Sunday on which the festival is celebrated; Whitsunday.


lexentry: eng/Pentecostalism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pentecostalism
trans_list: pentekostalismus | letniční hnutí
sense:
(Christianity) A religious movement that emphasizes the Holy Spirit and is known for speaking in tongues. [20th c.]


lexentry: eng/People's_Liberation_Army__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: People's Liberation Army
trans_list: Lidová osvobozenecká armáda
sense:
(military) People's Liberation Army Ground Force, the army branch of the military arm of the People's Republic of China.


lexentry: eng/Peronism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Peronism
trans_list: perónismus
sense:
(politics) The eclectic political ideology attributed to the former Argentine leaders Juan Perón and Eva Duarte de Perón, combining populism, nationalism and state intervention, but originally chiefly centred on their personalities.


lexentry: eng/Persephone__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Persephone
trans_list: Persefona
sense:
(Greek god) A minor deity, the queen of the Underworld/Hades, and goddess of the seasons and vegetation. Originally named Kore/Core, she is the daughter of Zeus and Demeter; and the wife of Hades. Her Roman counterpart is Proserpina.


lexentry: eng/Perseus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Perseus
trans_list: Perseus
sense:
(Greek mythology) The mythological Greek warrior who slew the Gorgon Medusa by decapitating her. He married Andromeda after rescuing her from Ceto and founded Mycenae. He was the son of Zeus and Danae.


lexentry: eng/Perseus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Perseus
trans_list: Perseus
sense:
(constellation) An autumn constellation of the northern sky, said to resemble the mythical hero. It includes the stars Algenib, Algol, and Mirfak.


lexentry: eng/Persia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Persia
trans_list: Persie
sense:
Persia proper (Persis), the land of the ancient Persians, corresponding to modern-day Fars province in southwestern Iran.


lexentry: eng/Peter__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Peter
trans_list: Petrův | Petr
sense:
(biblical) The epistles of Peter in the New Testament of the Bible, 1 Peter and 2 Peter attributed to St. Peter.


lexentry: eng/Petrarchan_sonnet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Petrarchan sonnet
trans_list: Petrarcový sonet | italský sonet
sense:
(poetry) A sonnet comprising an octave and a closing sestet, following the rhyme scheme of either abba abba cde cde or abba abba cd cd cd or abba abba cce dde or abba abba cdd cee.


lexentry: eng/Petri_net__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Petri net
trans_list: Petriho síť
sense:
One of several mathematical representations of discrete distributed systems, a 5-tuple (S,T,F,M_0,W)\!, where


lexentry: eng/Petrograd__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Petrograd
trans_list: Petrohrad
sense:
A region of Saint Petersburg city, Saint Petersburg, Northwest Russia district, European Russia, Russia.


lexentry: eng/Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky
trans_list: Petropavlovsk-Kamčatskij
sense:
A city in the far East of Russia, administrative centre of Kamchatka kray, also called Petropavlovsk


lexentry: eng/Philemon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Philemon
trans_list: List Filemonovi | Filemonovi
sense:
The eighteenth book of the New Testament of the Bible, the epistle of Saint Paul to a fellow Christian called Philemon.


lexentry: eng/Philippians__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Philippians
trans_list: Filipským
sense:
(biblical) The eleventh book of the New Testament of the Bible, the epistle of St Paul to the Philippians.


lexentry: eng/Philippine_eagle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Philippine eagle
trans_list: orel opičí
sense:
Pithecophaga jefferyi, a species of eagle endemic to forests in the Philippines that has brown and white-coloured plumage, and a shaggy crest.


lexentry: eng/Philistine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Philistine
trans_list: Filištín
sense:
(historical) A non-Semitic person from ancient Philistia, a region in the southwest Levant in the Middle East.


lexentry: eng/Phoenicia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Phoenicia
trans_list: Fénicie
sense:
The land of city states of the Phoenicians which around 1000 BC was situated on the coast of present day Syria and Lebanon, and included the cities of Tyre and Sidon.


lexentry: eng/Phoney_War__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Phoney War
trans_list: podivná válka
sense:
(historical) During World War II, the period of limited military activity from the outbreak of hostilities on September 3rd, 1939 until Germany's attack on the Low Countries on May 10th, 1940.


lexentry: eng/Phosphorus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Phosphorus
trans_list: jitřenka
sense:
An Ancient Greek name for the morning star (the planet Venus when it is visible in the eastern sky before sunrise).


lexentry: eng/Phrygia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Phrygia
trans_list: Frýgie
sense:
(historical) A geographic region and ancient kingdom in the west central part of Asia Minor, in what is now modern-day Turkey.


lexentry: eng/Phrygian_cap__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Phrygian cap
trans_list: frygická čapka
sense:
(Ancient Greece, Ancient Rome) A soft, close-fitting conical cap with the top bent forward, represented in Greek and Roman art as worn by ancient Phrygians, and later associated with the Roman liberty cap.


lexentry: eng/Piarist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Piarist
trans_list: piarista
sense:
A member of the Order of Poor Clerics Regular of the Mother of God of the Pious Schools, a Catholic educational order founded in the sixteenth century.


lexentry: eng/Picard__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Picard
trans_list: pikart
sense:
Of, from or relating to Picardy, a cultural region part of the administrative region of Hauts-de-France, France.


lexentry: eng/Picardy__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Picardy
trans_list: Pikardie
sense:
A former administrative region and historical province of France; since 2016, part of the administrative region of Hauts-de-France region.


lexentry: eng/Pictor__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pictor
trans_list: malíř
sense:
(constellation) A summer constellation of the southern sky, said to resemble an easel. It lies between the constellations Carina and Dorado.


lexentry: eng/Pied_Piper__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pied Piper
trans_list: Krysař z Hamelnu
sense:
A folk tale or legend, dating back to the Middle Ages, about a ratcatcher in variegated attire, hired by the German town of Hamelin, who is not paid for his services and retaliates by luring away the local children by playing a flute.


lexentry: eng/Pikachu__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pikachu
trans_list: Pikachu
sense:
(video games, anime, manga) A small yellow rodent-like Pokémon species that has red cheeks and a tail shaped like a lightning bolt, and has electricity-related powers.


lexentry: eng/Pilate__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pilate
trans_list: Pilát
sense:
(biblical character) Pontius Pilate, the man who, according to the Bible, ordered the crucifixion of Jesus.


lexentry: eng/Piltdown_Man__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Piltdown Man
trans_list: piltdownský člověk
sense:
(taxonomy) A supposed early human theorized from bone fragments said to have been found in a gravel pit in Piltdown, England, in 1912, but later identified as a forgery.


lexentry: eng/Pinyin__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pinyin
trans_list: pchin-jin | pinyin
sense:
A system of romanization for Standard Mandarin, used in the People’s Republic of China, and more recently in other Mandarin Chinese-speaking areas as well. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/Piraeus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Piraeus
trans_list: Pireus
sense:
A municipality and port in Greece, part of Athens agglomeration, the chief port of Athens, located on the Saronic Gulf.


lexentry: eng/Pirandellian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pirandellian
trans_list: pirandellovský
sense:
Of, pertaining to, or characteristic of the works of Luigi Pirandello (1867–1936), Italian dramatist and poet; especially describing drama in which actors become inseparable and indistinct from the characters that they play.


lexentry: eng/Pisces__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pisces
trans_list: Ryby
sense:
(zodiac constellations) The Fish, a Greco-Roman constellation of the zodiac named for its presumed resemblance to a pair of fish


lexentry: eng/Pisces__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Pisces
trans_list: Ryby
sense:
(astrology) The zodiac sign for the fish, supposed to be ruled by Neptune or Jupiter and to influence events occurring between February 20 and March 20 (tropical) or, less often, between March 15 and April 14 (sidereal).


lexentry: eng/Piscis_Austrinus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Piscis Austrinus
trans_list: Jižní ryba
sense:
(constellation) An autumn constellation of the northern sky, said to resemble a fish. It contains the star Fomalhaut.


lexentry: eng/Planck's_constant__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Planck's constant
trans_list: Planckova konstanta
sense:
(quantum mechanics) the constant of proportionality (symbol ℎ), relating the energy and frequency of a photon (6.626×10−34 joule-second); also related to the indeterminacy limit in the Heisenberg uncertainty principle; the quantum of action


lexentry: eng/Pleiades__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pleiades
trans_list: Plejády | Kuřátka
sense:
(Greek god) The "seven sisters", companions of Artemis and daughters of the Titan Atlas and the sea-nymph Pleione.


lexentry: eng/Pleiades__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Pleiades
trans_list: Plejády | Kuřátka
sense:
(astronomy) An open cluster of hot blue stars in the constellation Taurus, and the most easily visible such cluster from Earth.


lexentry: eng/Plutarch__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Plutarch
trans_list: Plútarchos
sense:
The classical historian and essayist Lucius Mestrius Plutarchus (46-120 C.E.). Often used as a byword for a biographer, to suggest that the writer is especially skilled or has other attributes associated with Plutarch.


lexentry: eng/Pluto__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Pluto
trans_list: Pluto
sense:
(astronomy) The largest dwarf planet and formerly the ninth planet, represented by the symbol ♇ or ⯓, both now used mostly in astrology. [from 1930]


lexentry: eng/Plutonian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: Plutonian
trans_list: plutonský | plutský
sense:
(by extension, geology, historical) Synonym of plutonic (“of, pertaining to, or supporting plutonism, the theory that the rocks of the Earth were formed in fire by volcanic activity, with a continuing gradual process of weathering and erosion, then deposited on the sea bed, re-formed into layers of sedimentary rock by heat and pressure, and raised again”).


lexentry: eng/Poisson_distribution__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Poisson distribution
trans_list: Poissonovo rozdělení
sense:
(statistics) Any of a class of discrete probability distributions that express the probability of a given number of events occurring in a fixed time interval, where the events occur independently and at a constant average rate; describable as a limit case of either binomial or negative binomial distributions.


lexentry: eng/Pokémon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pokémon
trans_list: Pokémon
sense:
A Japanese media franchise featuring fictional creatures that are captured by humans and trained to battle each other.


lexentry: eng/Polaris__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Polaris
trans_list: Polárka | Severka
sense:
(star) α Ursae Minoris, a trinary star in the constellation Ursa Minor located near the north celestial pole for the last 1500 years.


lexentry: eng/Polesia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Polesia
trans_list: Polesí
sense:
A forested swampland geographic region in Eastern Europe, located in eastern Poland, northern Ukraine and southern Belarus.


lexentry: eng/Polish_People's_Republic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Polish People's Republic
trans_list: Polská lidová republika
sense:
(historical) Former official name of Poland: a country in Central Europe; used from 1952 to 1989 when it was a one-party, Marxist-Leninist state; officially known as the Republic of Poland from 1947 to 1952, but under the same form of government.


lexentry: eng/Polish_notation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Polish notation
trans_list: polská notace
sense:
(arithmetic, logic) A notation for arithmetic (and logical) formulae in which operations (respectively, quantifiers and operands) are written immediately before their operands, used to avoid the need for parentheses; for example, 3 * (4 + 7) is written as * 3 + 4 7 and A AND B is written as AND A B.


lexentry: eng/Polish_studies__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Polish studies
trans_list: polonistika
sense:
(humanities) An academic discipline that includes the study of literatures written in the Polish language, Polish linguistics, and Polish sociolinguistics.


lexentry: eng/Polynesia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Polynesia
trans_list: Polynésie
sense:
A continental region of Oceania, including Easter Island, Hawaii, New Zealand, and most of the islands between them.


lexentry: eng/Pomerania__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pomerania
trans_list: Pomořansko | Pomořany
sense:
A former duchy, historical province of Prussia, and now a geographic region of Central Europe split between Germany and Poland on the southern shore of the Baltic Sea.


lexentry: eng/Pomeranian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pomeranian
trans_list: pomořanský
sense:
Of, from or relating to Pomerania, a historic region split between the German states of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern and Brandenburg and the Pomeranian Voivodeship, West Pomeranian Voivodeship and Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship of Poland.


lexentry: eng/Pomerelia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pomerelia
trans_list: Pomoří
sense:
(historical) A region, located on the southern shore of the Baltic in eastern Pomerania, to the west of the Vistula, centered on the city of Danzig/Gdańsk.


lexentry: eng/Pontus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Pontus
trans_list: Pontus
sense:
An ancient kingdom and cultural region covering the eastern half of the southern coast of the Black Sea, in Anatolia in modern Turkey; traditionally Greek-speaking.


lexentry: eng/Popemobile__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Popemobile
trans_list: papamobil
sense:
(informal) Any of various vehicles with bulletproof glass sides used to transport the Pope through crowds safely while allowing an open view.


lexentry: eng/Portugal__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Portugal
trans_list: Portugalsko
sense:
A country in Southern Europe, on the Iberian Peninsula. Official name: Portuguese Republic. Capital and largest city: Lisbon.


lexentry: eng/Portuguese__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Portuguese
trans_list: portugalština | portugalský
sense:
A Romance language originating in Portugal, and now the official language of Portugal, Angola, Mozambique, São Tomé and Príncipe, Guiné Bissau (Guinea-Bissau), Cape Verde, East Timor, and Brazil.


lexentry: eng/Portuguese_oak__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Portuguese oak
trans_list: dub portugalský
sense:
A species of oak, Quercus faginea, native to the western Mediterranean region of the Iberian Peninsula and the Balearic Islands.


lexentry: eng/Poseidon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Poseidon
trans_list: Poseidón | Poseidon
sense:
(Greek god) The god of the sea and other waters, earthquakes and horses; corresponds to the Roman god Neptune.


lexentry: eng/Praetorian__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Praetorian
trans_list: pretorián
sense:
(historical, Ancient Rome) A member of a special bodyguard force used by Roman emperors, their symbol being the scorpion.


lexentry: eng/Prague__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Prague
trans_list: Praha | pražský
sense:
The capital city of the Czech Republic; the former capital of Czechoslovakia; the former capital of the Kingdom of Bohemia.


lexentry: eng/Prakrit__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Prakrit
trans_list: prákrt
sense:
Any one of several Middle Indo-Aryan languages, all derived from dialects of Old Indo-Aryan languages. [from 1766]


lexentry: eng/Primat__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Primat
trans_list: primát
sense:
A very large champagne bottle with the capacity of about 27 liters, equivalent to 36 standard bottles.


lexentry: eng/Procyon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Procyon
trans_list: Prokyon
sense:
(star) A star in the constellation Canis Minor; Alpha (α) Canis Minoris. The eighth brightest star in the night sky.


lexentry: eng/Promethean__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Promethean
trans_list: prométheovský
sense:
Of or pertaining to Prometheus, a demigod in Greek mythology who created mortals from clay and stole fire from Zeus to give to them, for which Zeus punished him by chaining him to a rock and having an eagle feed on his liver which grew back each night; he was later rescued by Heracles.


lexentry: eng/Prometheus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Prometheus
trans_list: Prométheus
sense:
(Greek god) The Titan chiefly honored for stealing fire from Zeus in the stalk of a fennel plant and giving it to mortals for their use. The god of fire and craft.


lexentry: eng/Promised_Land__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Promised Land
trans_list: eldorádo | země zaslíbená
sense:
(idiomatic, sometimes, lower case) Any place to which one eagerly seeks to go and which one expects to greatly improve one's situation.


lexentry: eng/Promised_Land__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Promised Land
trans_list: země zaslíbená
sense:
(Judaism, Christianity) The area historically known as Judea, which was promised to the Israelites by God according to oral tradition recorded in the Book of Genesis.


lexentry: eng/Protectorate_of_Bohemia_and_Moravia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia
trans_list: Protektorát
sense:
(historical) A former protectorate of Nazi Germany, established in 1939 and covering present-day Czech Republic.


lexentry: eng/Proterozoic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Proterozoic
trans_list: proterozoikum | starohory
sense:
(geology) The eon from 2,500 Ma to 541.0±1.0 Ma, the beginning of the Phanerozoic, marked by the build up of oxygen in the atmosphere and the emergence of primitive multicellular life.


lexentry: eng/Protestant__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Protestant
trans_list: protestant
sense:
(Christianity) A member of any of several Christian denominations which separated from the Roman Catholic Church based on theological or political differences during the Reformation (or in some cases later).


lexentry: eng/Proto-Czech__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Proto-Czech
trans_list: pračeština
sense:
ancestor language of the Czech language, descendant of Proto-Slavic, spoken between the 10th and the mid 12th century


lexentry: eng/Proto-Indo-European__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Proto-Indo-European
trans_list: praindoevropský
sense:
(linguistics, anthropology) Of or pertaining to the Proto-Indo-European language, or the people who spoke it.


lexentry: eng/Proto-Indo-European__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Proto-Indo-European
trans_list: praindoevropština
sense:
(linguistics, uncountable) The reconstructed ancestor language or protolanguage of the Indo-European family of languages, which includes most European, Iranian, and Indian languages.


lexentry: eng/Proto-Slavic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Proto-Slavic
trans_list: praslovanština
sense:
(linguistics) A hypothetical, reconstructed language whence all the Slavic languages later descended.


lexentry: eng/Provence__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Provence
trans_list: Provence | Provensálsko
sense:
A maritime geographic region and former province of southeastern France bordering Italy; since 2016 included in the administrative region of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur.


lexentry: eng/Provençal__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Provençal
trans_list: provensálský
sense:
Of, from or relating to Provence, a traditional geographic region roughly corresponding to the modern administrative region of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France.


lexentry: eng/Prussia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Prussia
trans_list: Prusko
sense:
(historical) A former duchy, kingdom and (after German unification in 1871) a province of Germany, existing in various forms from 1525 to 1947 in parts of modern Germany, Poland and Russia; it originated from the historical region of Prussia and expanded over time through conquest.


lexentry: eng/Prussia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Prussia
trans_list: Prusko
sense:
(countable) A country known for exceptional military professionalism in her region. Historically used for Bulgaria as the "Prussia of the Balkans".


lexentry: eng/Prussian_blue__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Prussian blue
trans_list: berlínská (pruská) modř
sense:
(inorganic compound) An insoluble dark, bright blue pigment, ferric ferrocyanide (equivalent to ferrous ferricyanide), used in painting and dyeing, and as an antidote for certain kinds of heavy metal poisoning.


lexentry: eng/Przemyśl__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Przemyśl
trans_list: Přemyšl
sense:
A county, a powiat in Subcarpathia, in southeastern Poland; in full, Przemyśl County. County seat: Przemyśl.


lexentry: eng/Psyche__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Psyche
trans_list: Psyché | Psýché
sense:
(Greek mythology, Roman mythology) The personification of the soul. Originally a mortal princess who later married Eros/Cupid, (the god of love), was deified, and bore him a daughter, Hedone/Voluptas.


lexentry: eng/Ptah__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ptah
trans_list: Ptah
sense:
(Egyptian god) A god of creativity and craftsmen, sometimes also identified with the gods of death and the birth of the sun.


lexentry: eng/Ptolemaic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ptolemaic
trans_list: ptolemaiovský
sense:
(historical) Of or pertaining to the Ptolemy dynasty of pharaohs, the Ptolemies, rulers of Hellenistic Egypt.


lexentry: eng/Punch_and_Judy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Punch and Judy
trans_list: loutkové divadlo
sense:
A traditional sideshow often found at seaside resorts, consisting of various glove puppets operated by one person in a small tent-style booth theatre.


lexentry: eng/Punjab__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Punjab
trans_list: Paňdžáb
sense:
A geographical region of South Asia, divided (by the Radcliffe Line) between India and Pakistan. Pakistani Punjab includes the (West) Punjab Province and parts of the Islamabad Capital Territory; Indian Punjab includes (East) Punjab State and some other territories.


lexentry: eng/Punjabi__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Punjabi
trans_list: paňdžábský | paňdžábština
sense:
Of, pertaining to, descended from the people or culture of the Punjab, or written in the Punjabi language.


lexentry: eng/Punjabi__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Punjabi
trans_list: paňdžábština
sense:
(uncountable) The main language spoken in the Punjab region, in eastern Pakistan and Northern India.


lexentry: eng/Purgatory__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Purgatory
trans_list: očistec
sense:
(Christianity) An intermediate state after death in which some of those ultimately destined for Heaven must first undergo purification.


lexentry: eng/Puss_in_Boots__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Puss in Boots
trans_list: Kocour v botách
sense:
A 17th-century French literary fairy tale about a cat who uses trickery and deceit to gain power, wealth, and the hand of a princess in marriage for his penniless and low-born master.


lexentry: eng/Putinism__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Putinism
trans_list: putinismus
sense:
(politics) The political policies of Vladimir Putin; the Russian political system during Putin’s tenure in power.


lexentry: eng/Pyrenees__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pyrenees
trans_list: Pyreneje
sense:
The mountain range separating Spain from France, inhabited by Basques in the west, Occitans in the centre-north, Aragonese in the centre-south, and Catalans in the east.


lexentry: eng/Pyrrhic_victory__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pyrrhic victory
trans_list: Pyrrhovo vítězství
sense:
A very costly victory, wherein the considerable losses outweigh the gain, so as to render the struggle not worth the cost.


lexentry: eng/Pyrrhus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pyrrhus
trans_list: Pyrrhos
sense:
Ancient Greek given name, particularly worn by the king of Epirus (319-272 BC) who defeated Romans in several battles, but sustained heavy losses, from which the term Pyrrhic victory was coined.


lexentry: eng/Pythagorean_theorem__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pythagorean theorem
trans_list: Pythagorova věta
sense:
(geometry) A mathematical theorem which states that the square of the length of the hypotenuse of a right triangle is equal to the sum of the squares of those of the two other sides.


lexentry: eng/Q_fever__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Q fever
trans_list: Q horečka
sense:
An infectious disease, resembling influenza, caused by the bacterium Coxiella burnetii (previously classified as Rickettsia burnetii).


lexentry: eng/Qom__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Qom
trans_list: guma
sense:
A city in Iran, the seat of Qom County's Central District and the capital of Qom Province, a shrine city and center of Shi'ite seminarian learning.


lexentry: eng/Quaker__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Quaker
trans_list: kvaker
sense:
A believer of the Quaker faith and a member of the Society of Friends, known for their pacifist views.


lexentry: eng/Quaternary__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Quaternary
trans_list: kvartér | čtvrtohory
sense:
(geology) The geological period of the Cenozoic Era immediately following the Tertiary. It is subdivided into the Pleistocene and the Holocene Epochs.


lexentry: eng/Quidditch__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Quidditch
trans_list: famfrpál
sense:
A fictional ball game played between two teams of seven players riding flying broomsticks, using four balls and six elevated ring-shaped goals.


lexentry: eng/Rabbinic_Judaism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rabbinic Judaism
trans_list: rabínský judaismus
sense:
The mainstream form of Judaism since the 6th century CE, after the codification of the Babylonian Talmud, having its roots in Pharisaic Judaism and based on the belief that Moses at Mount Sinai received two items from God: the written Torah and the oral Torah.


lexentry: eng/Ragnarok__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ragnarok
trans_list: Ragnarök
sense:
(Norse mythology) A series of future events culminating in a battle, fought between the Æsir and einherjar on one side, and the forces of Surtr, Loki, and Loki's children on the other, in which all of creation is burned down and almost all life is extinguished.


lexentry: eng/Ramadan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ramadan
trans_list: ramadán
sense:
(Islam) The holy ninth month of the Islamic lunar calendar, during which Muslims fast between the break of dawn until sunset; they also refrain from drinking liquids, smoking and having sexual relations.


lexentry: eng/Rapture__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rapture
trans_list: nadšení
sense:
(Christianity) In some forms of fundamentalist Protestant eschatology, a prophesied sudden removal of Christian believers from the Earth before the Tribulation or simultaneous with the second coming of Jesus Christ.


lexentry: eng/Rapunzel__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rapunzel
trans_list: Locika
sense:
A German fairy tale about a girl imprisoned in a tower who lets down her long hair for a rescuer to climb.


lexentry: eng/Ravenclaw__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ravenclaw
trans_list: Havraspár
sense:
A person having traits associated with Ravenclaw house from the Harry Potter series, including intelligence, creativity, and love of learning or an affinity for eagles or the colours blue and bronze.


lexentry: eng/Red_Army_Faction__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Red Army Faction
trans_list: družstvo
sense:
(historical) A far-left terrorist organization active from 1970 to 1998, mainly in West Germany and West Berlin.


lexentry: eng/Red_Sea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Red Sea
trans_list: Rudé moře
sense:
A long, narrow sea between Africa and the Arabian Peninsula; links the Suez Canal with the Arabian Sea.


lexentry: eng/Reform_Judaism__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Reform Judaism
trans_list: reformní judaismus
sense:
(Judaism) A movement in Judaism, characterized by the loosening of the strictures of much of traditional Jewish law that is seen as irrelevant to modern society, and by the shortening, simplification, and translation to the vernacular of Jewish ritual.


lexentry: eng/Reformation__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Reformation
trans_list: reformace
sense:
(historical) The religious movement initiated in the 16th century against the Roman Catholic Church.


lexentry: eng/Regensburg__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Regensburg
trans_list: Řezno
sense:
An independent city, the administrative seat of the Upper Palatinate region, on the River Danube in Bavaria, Germany; also called Ratisbon.


lexentry: eng/Rehoboam__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rehoboam
trans_list: Rechabeám
sense:
King of Israel after Solomon, whose folly split the kingdom in two; the father of Abijah (biblical character)


lexentry: eng/Renaissance__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Renaissance
trans_list: renesance
sense:
(historical) The 14th-century revival of classical art, architecture, literature and learning that originated in Italy and spread throughout Europe over the following two centuries.


lexentry: eng/Renaissance__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Renaissance
trans_list: renesance
sense:
The period of this revival, typically lasting from the late 14th to the late 16th centuries; the transition from medieval to modern times.


lexentry: eng/Republic_of_Armenia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Republic of Armenia
trans_list: Arménská republika
sense:
Official name of Armenia: a country in the South Caucasus region of Asia, sometimes considered to belong politically to Europe. [20th c.]


lexentry: eng/Republic_of_China__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Republic of China
trans_list: Čínská republika
sense:
Official name of Taiwan: a partly-recognized country in East Asia; the rump state left over from the Republic of China on the mainland after 1949.


lexentry: eng/Republic_of_Cyprus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Republic of Cyprus
trans_list: Kyperská republika
sense:
Official name of Cyprus: an island country in the Mediterranean Sea, normally considered politically part of Southeast Europe but geographically part of Western Asia.


lexentry: eng/Republic_of_Macedonia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Republic of Macedonia
trans_list: Republika Makedonie
sense:
(historical) Former official name of North Macedonia: a country in Southeast Europe, on the Balkan Peninsula.


lexentry: eng/Republican__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Republican
trans_list: republikán
sense:
(US politics) A member or supporter of the Republican Party, the more right-wing of the two main political parties in the United States.


lexentry: eng/Reticulum__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Reticulum
trans_list: pavučina
sense:
(constellation) A small constellation of the southern summer sky, said to resemble a reticle. It lies between the constellations of Horologium and Dorado.


lexentry: eng/Reye's_syndrome__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Reye's syndrome
trans_list: Reyeův syndrom
sense:
(disease) A potentially fatal disease that causes numerous detrimental effects to many organs, especially the brain and liver.


lexentry: eng/Rhea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rhea
trans_list: Rhea
sense:
(Greek god) A Titan, the daughter of Uranus and Gaia, the mother of Demeter, Hades, Hera, Hestia, Poseidon, and Zeus.


lexentry: eng/Rhine__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rhine
trans_list: Rýn
sense:
A major river in western Europe, which flows through Switzerland, Austria, Liechtenstein, Germany, France and the Netherlands, before emptying into the North Sea.


lexentry: eng/Rhineland__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rhineland
trans_list: Porýní
sense:
(usually, with the definite article) An area on both sides of the river Rhine, in the west of Germany. Roughly equivalent to the former Prussian Rhine Province, now the greater part of Rhineland-Palatinate plus the south-western half of North Rhine-Westphalia.


lexentry: eng/Rhodesia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Rhodesia
trans_list: Republika Rhodesie
sense:
(historical) A historical region of Southern Africa, the area now occupied by Zimbabwe and Zambia. [used from 1895 to 1964]


lexentry: eng/Rhodopes__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rhodopes
trans_list: Rodopy
sense:
A mountain range in Southeastern Europe, with over 83% of its area in southern Bulgaria and the remainder in Greece.


lexentry: eng/Richter_scale__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Richter scale
trans_list: Richterova stupnice | Richterova škála
sense:
(seismology) a logarithmic scale used to express the energy released by an earthquake, each increase of 1 representing a 32-fold increase in energy.


lexentry: eng/Ring_of_Fire__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ring of Fire
trans_list: ohnivý kruh
sense:
(geology, volcanology) An area of frequent earthquakes and volcanic activity, around the Pacific Ocean.


lexentry: eng/Roblox__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Roblox
trans_list: Roblox
sense:
A massively multiplayer online game and creation system platform (introduced in 2004) in which users design and play video games.


lexentry: eng/Rom__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Rom
trans_list: Rom | Cikán | Cikánka
sense:
(in particular) A male member of the Romani people who is married and considered respectable amongst the family.


lexentry: eng/Roman_Empire__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Roman Empire
trans_list: římská říše
sense:
(historical) An ancient empire based out of Rome, which succeeded the Roman Republic and existed between 27 B.C.E. and 476 C.E. in the west (and until 1453 C.E. in the east; see Byzantine Empire), encompassing vast territories in Europe, Asia and Africa, stretching from Britain and Germany to Spain, North Africa and the Persian Gulf. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/Roman_mile__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Roman mile
trans_list: míle
sense:
An ancient Roman unit of itinerant distance of 1000 paces (mille passus, hence also "mile" from Latin mille, "1000"). Indirectly standardized to 5000 Roman feet by Agrippa in 29 BC. In modern times, Agrippa's Imperial Roman mile is empirically estimated to have been around 1481 meters (1620 yards, 4860 English feet, 0.92 English miles); compared with a modern mile, which is 5280 feet.


lexentry: eng/Roman_road__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Roman road
trans_list: Římská cesta
sense:
(historical) Any of many roads built in Europe, including Britain, by the Ancient Romans, many of which survive in various forms.


lexentry: eng/Romance__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Romance
trans_list: románský
sense:
Of or dealing with languages or cultures derived from Roman influence and Latin: French, Italian, Portuguese, Spanish, Galician, Romanian, Catalan, Occitan, etc.


lexentry: eng/Romanesque__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Romanesque
trans_list: román
sense:
Somewhat resembling the Roman; applied sometimes to the debased style of the later Roman Empire, but especially to the more developed art and architecture prevailing from the 8th century to the 12th.


lexentry: eng/Romani__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Romani
trans_list: cikánština | romština
sense:
The Indo-Aryan lect of the Roma people, or one of its sublects (such as Roma, Sinti, Romanichal, etc), closely related to Hindi and Rajasthani.


lexentry: eng/Romani_studies__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Romani studies
trans_list: romistika
sense:
(humanities) A field of study concerned with the culture, history and language of the Romani people.


lexentry: eng/Romanization__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Romanization
trans_list: latinizace | romanizace
sense:
(usually, uncountable) The act or process of putting text into the Latin (Roman) alphabet, by means such as transliteration and transcription.


lexentry: eng/Romans__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Romans
trans_list: Římanům
sense:
(biblical) The sixth book of the New Testament of the Bible, the epistle of St Paul to the Christians in Rome.


lexentry: eng/Romansch__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Romansch
trans_list: rétorománština
sense:
(strict sense) A Rhaeto-Romance language (or dialect continuum) spoken in the Graubünden/Grisons canton of Switzerland; it is one of the four official languages of Switzerland.


lexentry: eng/Romanticism__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Romanticism
trans_list: romantismus
sense:
(arts, music) An artistic, literary, musical, and intellectual movement that originated in Europe towards the end of the 18th century, peaking from 1800 to 1850, characterized by its emphasis on emotion and individualism as well as glorification of all the past and nature, preferring the medieval rather than the classical.


lexentry: eng/Rome__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rome
trans_list: Řím
sense:
A major city, the capital of Italy and the Italian region of Lazio, located on the Tiber River; the ancient capital of the Roman Empire.


lexentry: eng/Rome__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: Rome
trans_list: Řím
sense:
(historical) An ancient empire based out of the city of Rome, covering vast territories in Europe, Asia and Africa; in full, Roman Empire.


lexentry: eng/Rosetta_Stone__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rosetta Stone
trans_list: Rosettská deska
sense:
A large inscribed stone found near Rosetta, Egypt, in 1799, later used as a basis for understanding many previously undecipherable examples of hieroglyphic writing.


lexentry: eng/Ross's_gull__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ross's gull
trans_list: racek růžový
sense:
Rhodostethia rosea, a small gull breeding in the high Arctic of northernmost North America, and northeast Siberia.


lexentry: eng/Rouen__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rouen
trans_list: Rouen
sense:
The prefecture of the department of Seine-Maritime, and the capital of the region of Normandy, France, on the Seine River.


lexentry: eng/Rubicon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rubicon
trans_list: Rubikon
sense:
(historical) A small river in northeastern Italy which flowed into the Adriatic Sea marking the boundary between the Roman province of Gaul and the Roman heartland. Its crossing by Julius Caesar in 49 B.C.E. began a civil war.


lexentry: eng/Rubik's_cube__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rubik's cube
trans_list: Rubikova kostka
sense:
A mechanical puzzle in the shape of a cube, all sides able to be rotated, each side divided into 9 squares, the moving pieces allowing the cube to be rearranged. The goal is to get the colored squares aligned so that each side of the cube is the same color.


lexentry: eng/Rumpelstiltskin__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rumpelstiltskin
trans_list: Rampelník
sense:
A fairy tale about a dwarf who saves the miller’s daughter by spinning straw into gold in exchange for her first-born child, but is foiled when she guesses his name.


lexentry: eng/Rus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rus
trans_list: Rus
sense:
A people made up of Scandinavian warrior merchants who travelled Eastern European river-roads from the eighth century, and whose settlements around Novgorod, Kiev/Kyiv and the Volga and Dnieper/Dnipro gave rise to the Rus' principalities. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/Rus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Rus
trans_list: Rus
sense:
Kievan Rus', the medieval East Slavic state established by these same warrior merchants in the 9th century, whose capital was in Kiev.


lexentry: eng/Ruscism__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ruscism
trans_list: rašismus
sense:
(politics, neologism, slang, derogatory) Russian fascism, Russianism, Great Russian chauvinism; the ideology of Russia, seen as fascism or as fascist.


lexentry: eng/Russia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Russia
trans_list: Rusko
sense:
A transcontinental country in Eastern Europe and North Asia. Official name: Russian Federation. Capital and largest city: Moscow. It borders the Pacific and Arctic Oceans and the Baltic, Black, and Caspian Seas. Part of the Soviet Union from 1917 through 1991.


lexentry: eng/Russia_leather__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Russia leather
trans_list: juchta
sense:
A form of bark-tanned cow leather, made hard-wearing, flexible, and waterproof with the use of birch oil.


lexentry: eng/Russian_SFSR__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Russian SFSR
trans_list: Ruská SFSR
sense:
Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, the name for modern day Russia before the collapse of the Soviet Union (1917-1991).


lexentry: eng/Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic
trans_list: Ruská sovětská federativní socialistická republika
sense:
The official name for modern-day Russia under the Communist Party from 1936 to 1991 (from 1918 to 1937, according to the Constitution of the RSFSR, called the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic). Part of the USSR from 1922 to 1991.


lexentry: eng/Russian_oven__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Russian oven
trans_list: kamna
sense:
A kind of oven/furnace that first appeared in the 15th century, used for both cooking and domestic heating in traditional Russian, Ukrainian and Belarusian households, and designed to retain heat for long periods of time by channeling the smoke and hot air of combustion through a labyrinth of passages.


lexentry: eng/Russian_roulette__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Russian roulette
trans_list: ruská ruleta
sense:
(idiomatic, games) A deadly game in which a person loads a single bullet in the cylinder of a revolver, spins the cylinder so that the bullet's location is unknown, points the muzzle at his/her head, and pulls the trigger. In its most lethal form, played by multiple participants each of whom takes a turn until the weapon discharges.


lexentry: eng/Russian_studies__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Russian studies
trans_list: rusistika
sense:
(humanities) An academic discipline that includes the study of literatures written in the Russian language, Russian linguistics, and Russian sociolinguistics.


lexentry: eng/Russianism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Russianism
trans_list: rusismus
sense:
(countable) A word or other feature originating in the Russian language that has been borrowed by another language.


lexentry: eng/Russophobia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Russophobia
trans_list: rusofobie
sense:
Contempt or hatred towards Russia or Russians, especially the political system, or the customs of the former Soviet Union.


lexentry: eng/Rusyn__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rusyn
trans_list: Rusín
sense:
A member of a people living in the eastern Carpathian Mountains, in part of western Ukraine, south-eastern Poland and north-eastern Slovakia.


lexentry: eng/Ruthenia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ruthenia
trans_list: Rus
sense:
The territory between Central and Eastern Europe inhabited by Rusyns, on the slopes of the Carpathian Mountains in parts of Ukraine, Poland and Slovakia.


lexentry: eng/Ruthenia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Ruthenia
trans_list: Rus
sense:
(historical) Lands inhabited by Ukrainians (Ruthenians) of the former Austrian Empire kingdom of Galicia (1772–1918), corresponding to parts of Western Ukraine.


lexentry: eng/Ruy_Lopez__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ruy Lopez
trans_list: španělský
sense:
(chess) A common chess opening, an Open Game characterized by the moves 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5, in which White moves king's bishop to the fifth rank.


lexentry: eng/Réunion__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Réunion
trans_list: Réunion
sense:
An island, overseas department, and administrative region of France, located in the Indian Ocean to the west of Mauritius and to the east of Madagascar.


lexentry: eng/Rügen__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rügen
trans_list: Rujána
sense:
An island of the state of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, located in the Baltic Sea; the largest island of Germany.


lexentry: eng/S-train__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: S-train
trans_list: Esko
sense:
(chiefly in German-speaking countries and Copenhagen, Denmark) A commuter rail/metro system (generally overground) serving a metropolitan area; a train in such a system.


lexentry: eng/SIM_card__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: SIM card
trans_list: SIM karta
sense:
A small, removable card smaller than a credit card which stores mobile phone data such as contact names and numbers, SMSs and security information.


lexentry: eng/SMS__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: SMS
trans_list: esemeska | textovka
sense:
(uncountable, telecommunications) Initialism of short message service: a system enabling cell phones to send or receive text messages.


lexentry: eng/SNAFU__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: SNAFU
trans_list: bordel
sense:
A confused, muddled, or messed-up condition or state; a ridiculously chaotic situation; confusion or chaos regarded as the normal state.


lexentry: eng/Saba__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Saba
trans_list: Saba
sense:
An island, dependent territory, and special municipality of the Netherlands in the Caribbean, in the southern part off the west coast of Venezuela.


lexentry: eng/Sachertorte__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sachertorte
trans_list: Sacherův dort | sacher
sense:
A torte made of butter, eggs, confectioner's sugar, toasted breadcrumbs, spices, and chocolate, which is baked in layers, put together with apricot jam and finally frosted with chocolate.


lexentry: eng/Sagitta__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sagitta
trans_list: Šíp
sense:
(constellation) A small autumn constellation of the northern sky, said to resemble an arrow. It lies between the constellations of Vulpecula and Aquila.


lexentry: eng/Sagittarius__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sagittarius
trans_list: Střelec
sense:
(zodiac constellations) A constellation of the zodiac supposedly shaped like a centaur who is an archer. It contains the stars Kaus Australis and Nunki.


lexentry: eng/Sagittarius__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Sagittarius
trans_list: Střelec
sense:
(astrology) The zodiac sign for the archer, ruled by Jupiter and covering November 23 - December 21 (tropical astrology) or December 16 - January 14 (sidereal astrology).


lexentry: eng/Saigon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Saigon
trans_list: Saigon
sense:
(historical, or, informal) The former name of Ho Chi Minh City, the largest city in Vietnam; the former capital of South Vietnam.


lexentry: eng/Saint_Barbara__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Saint Barbara
trans_list: Svatá Barbora
sense:
The patron of armourers, military engineers, gunsmiths, miners and anyone else who worked with cannon and explosives.


lexentry: eng/Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Saint Kitts and Nevis
trans_list: Svatý Kryštof a Nevis
sense:
A country comprising the islands of Saint Kitts and Nevis in the Caribbean. Official name: Federation of Saint Christopher and Nevis.


lexentry: eng/Saint_Martin__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Saint Martin
trans_list: Svatý Martin
sense:
An island in the northeast of the Caribbean Sea, whose northern portion is a dependent territory and overseas collectivity of France and whose southern portion is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands.


lexentry: eng/Saint_Michael__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Saint Michael
trans_list: Svatý Michael
sense:
Ellipsis of Town of Saint Michael, former name of Bridgetown: a city in Saint Michael parish, Barbados.


lexentry: eng/Saint_Nicholas__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Saint Nicholas
trans_list: Svatý Mikuláš
sense:
(Christianity) A 4th-century Greek bishop from Myra, Anatolia, patron saint of children, mariners and the unwed among others, functioning in multiple countries as a gift-giving figure around his feast day of December 6.


lexentry: eng/Saint_Valentine's_Day__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Saint Valentine's Day
trans_list: Den svatého Valentýna
sense:
A holiday in remembrance of Saint Valentine, February 14th, celebrated by sending cards or similar tokens of love.


lexentry: eng/Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
trans_list: Svatý Vincenc a Grenadiny
sense:
An archipelago and country in the Caribbean, comprising the islands of Saint Vincent and the island chain of the Grenadines.


lexentry: eng/Salafism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Salafism
trans_list: salafismus
sense:
(Islam) A movement comparing itself to Sunni Islam, claiming to taking the pious ancestors, the salaf of the patristic period of early Islam, as exemplary models.


lexentry: eng/Salamis__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Salamis
trans_list: Salamis
sense:
The largest island in the Saronic Gulf, near Athens, Greece, where a famous battle in the Persian Wars took place.


lexentry: eng/Salekhard__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Salekhard
trans_list: Salechard
sense:
A town, the administrative center of Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug (Yamalia), Russia, located on the Arctic Circle and the Ob Region.


lexentry: eng/Samara__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Samara
trans_list: Samara
sense:
A city, the administrative center of Samara Oblast, Russia, the sixth-largest in the country by population.


lexentry: eng/Samaria__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Samaria
trans_list: Samařsko
sense:
(historical) An ancient region of the region of Palestine, mostly in the northern part of the modern West Bank.


lexentry: eng/Samoa__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Samoa
trans_list: Samoa
sense:
A country consisting of the western part of the Samoan archipelago in Polynesia, in Oceania. Official name: Independent State of Samoa. Capital and largest city: Apia. Formerly Western Samoa, and, before that, German Samoa. It is distinct from American Samoa.


lexentry: eng/Samoyed__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Samoyed
trans_list: Samojed
sense:
(anthropology) A member of the Samoyedic peoples of the Siberian Urals, who speak Samoyedic languages.


lexentry: eng/Samoyedic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Samoyedic
trans_list: samojedské jazyky
sense:
Any of a group of languages spoken in the Urals that, along with Finno-Ugric, make up the Uralic language group.


lexentry: eng/Samson__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Samson
trans_list: Samson
sense:
(biblical character) An Israelite judge in the Old Testament who performed feats of strength against the Philistines but was betrayed by Delilah his mistress.


lexentry: eng/San_Marino__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: San Marino
trans_list: San Marino
sense:
A landlocked microstate in Southern Europe, located within the borders of Italy. Official name: Republic of San Marino.


lexentry: eng/San_Salvador__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: San Salvador
trans_list: San Salvador
sense:
(historical) A former province of El Salvador of the Spanish Empire and then of the United Provinces of Central America.


lexentry: eng/Sanskrit__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sanskrit
trans_list: sanskrt
sense:
A classical Indo-European language of South Asia, which is the liturgical language of Hinduism, Buddhism, Sikhism, Jainism.


lexentry: eng/Santo_Domingo__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Santo Domingo
trans_list: Santo Domingo
sense:
(historical) The Spanish-colonized portion of the island of Hispaniola, which later became the Dominican Republic, especially as contrasted with Saint-Domingue, the French-controlled portion.


lexentry: eng/Saracen__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Saracen
trans_list: Saracén
sense:
A member of a nomadic people from the Sinai near the Roman province of Arabia in the early centuries CE, who were specifically distinct from Arabs.


lexentry: eng/Sarandë__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sarandë
trans_list: Saranda
sense:
A coastal town in extreme southern Albania that is an important tourist attraction due to its coastal access and Mediterranean climate, located at the southern end of the Albanian Riviera on a slope by a gulf of the Ionian Sea 14 km east of the island of Corfu's northern end; it is the seat of its eponymous municipality and municipal unit.


lexentry: eng/Saratov__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Saratov
trans_list: Saratov
sense:
A city, the administrative center of Saratov Oblast, Volga Region, Volga Federal District, European Russia, Russia.


lexentry: eng/Saronic_Islands__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Saronic Islands
trans_list: Saronské ostrovy | Sarónské ostrovy
sense:
A group of Greek islands located in the Saronic Gulf in the south-east Ionian Sea at the opening to the Aegean Sea.


lexentry: eng/Satan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Satan
trans_list: satan | Satan
sense:
(religion) The supreme evil spirit in the Abrahamic religions, who tempts humanity into sin; the Devil; (in, _, Theistic Satanism) the same figure, regarded as a deity to be revered and worshipped.


lexentry: eng/Satanism__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Satanism
trans_list: satanismus
sense:
A profession, philosophy, or ideological construct featuring a positive, admirable, or useful association to the figure, character or entity known as 'Satan'; or, featuring opposition to all morality and the procurement of what is wanted regardless of the consequences concerning others.


lexentry: eng/Satanist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Satanist
trans_list: satanista
sense:
One who identifies with Anton Szandor LaVey's philosophical teachings and the religion, Satanism, founded upon it.


lexentry: eng/Saturday__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Saturday
trans_list: sobota
sense:
The seventh day of the week in many religious traditions, and the sixth day of the week in systems using the ISO 8601 norm; the Jewish Sabbath; it follows Friday and precedes Sunday.


lexentry: eng/Saturn__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Saturn
trans_list: Saturn
sense:
(astronomy) The sixth planet of the solar system, known for its large rings, and until recent times the furthest known; represented in astronomy and astrology by ♄.


lexentry: eng/Saudi_Arabia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Saudi Arabia
trans_list: Saúdská Arábie
sense:
A country in Western Asia in the Middle East. Official name: Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Capital: Riyadh.


lexentry: eng/Saussurean__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Saussurean
trans_list: saussurovský
sense:
(linguistics) Of or pertaining to, characteristic of, associated with, or suggestive of Ferdinand de Saussure or his works.


lexentry: eng/Save__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Save
trans_list: Sáva
sense:
A river in southeastern Africa that flows about 400 km (250 mi) from south of Harare in Zimbabwe, through Mozambique, to the Indian Ocean.


lexentry: eng/Save__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Save
trans_list: Sáva
sense:
A river in southern France that flows about 143 km (89 mi) from the Pyrenees to the Garonne at Grenade.


lexentry: eng/Savi's_warbler__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Savi's warbler
trans_list: cvrčilka slavíková
sense:
Locustella luscinioides, an Old World warbler, found in parts of Europe, Western Asia, and sub-Saharan Africa.


lexentry: eng/Savoy__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Savoy
trans_list: Savojsko
sense:
(historical) A historical region shared between the modern countries of France, Italy and Switzerland.


lexentry: eng/Savoy__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Savoy
trans_list: Savojsko
sense:
(historical) A former duchy existing from 1416 to 1847, whose maximal extent included parts of modern southeastern France, northwestern Italy, and southwestern Switzerland; in full, Duchy of Savoy.


lexentry: eng/Saxon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Saxon
trans_list: Sas
sense:
A member of an ancient West Germanic tribe that lived at the eastern North Sea coast and south of it.


lexentry: eng/Saxony-Anhalt__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Saxony-Anhalt
trans_list: Sasko-Anhaltsko
sense:
One of the component states of Germany according to the current administrative division of the nation. Its capital is Magdeburg.


lexentry: eng/Saxony__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Saxony
trans_list: Sasko
sense:
A state of modern Germany, located in the east, far from historical Saxon lands. Official name: Free State of Saxony.


lexentry: eng/Scandinavia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Scandinavia
trans_list: Skandinávie
sense:
A geographic region of Northern Europe, consisting of Denmark, Norway, and Sweden collectively and sometimes Finland, Iceland, and the Faroe Islands.


lexentry: eng/Scandinavian_Peninsula__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Scandinavian Peninsula
trans_list: Skandinávie
sense:
A peninsula comprising the mainlands of Norway and Sweden, and the northwestern part of Finland (compared to Fennoscandia which comprises all the three countries Norway, Sweden and Finland); the largest peninsula in Europe (with an area of three-quarter million square kilometres).


lexentry: eng/Scandinavian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Scandinavian
trans_list: skandinávský
sense:
(of a language) Of or relating to the North Germanic family of languages to which Swedish, Norwegian (Bokmål, Nynorsk), Danish, Icelandic, and Faeroese belong.


lexentry: eng/Scandinavian_mile__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Scandinavian mile
trans_list: míle
sense:
A Scandinavian unit of distance of 10 kilometers. Standardized to 10,688.54 meters in 1649, before being defined as 10 km in 1889.


lexentry: eng/Scandinavian_studies__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Scandinavian studies
trans_list: skandinavistika
sense:
(humanities) An academic discipline that focuses on the Scandinavian languages and cultural studies pertaining to Scandinavia


lexentry: eng/Scania__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Scania
trans_list: Skánie
sense:
A former province, historical region, and peninsula in Sweden, roughly coterminous with Skåne County and occupying the southern tip of the Scandinavian Peninsula.


lexentry: eng/Scheherazade__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Scheherazade
trans_list: Šahrazád | Šeherezáda
sense:
A fictional character, the wife and storyteller of the king Shahryar in One Thousand and One Nights.


lexentry: eng/Schengen_Area__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Schengen Area
trans_list: Schengenský prostor
sense:
(European politics) The group of European countries that have signed the Schengen Agreement, abolishing border controls between each other.


lexentry: eng/Schleswig-Holstein__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Schleswig-Holstein
trans_list: Šlesvicko-Holštýnsko
sense:
One of the component states of Germany according to the current administrative division of the nation.


lexentry: eng/Schleswig__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Schleswig
trans_list: Šlesvicko | Šlesvik
sense:
A geographic area and former Danish duchy in Northern Europe, located on the southern Jutland peninsula between the rivers Eider and Kongeå; now politically divided between Denmark and Germany.


lexentry: eng/Schrödinger's_cat__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Schrödinger's cat
trans_list: Schrödingerova kočka
sense:
The thought experiment which was devised by Erwin Schrödinger, is usually considered a paradox, involves a Schrödinger's cat and is typically supposed to be analysed from the point of view of quantum mechanics.


lexentry: eng/Scientologist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Scientologist
trans_list: scientolog
sense:
A follower of Scientology, whether belonging to the "official" Church of Scientology or being outside in the so-called Free Zone.


lexentry: eng/Scientology__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Scientology
trans_list: scientologie
sense:
A belief system with certain religious aspects, developed in 1952, focused on the teachings of L. Ron Hubbard.


lexentry: eng/Scorpio__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Scorpio
trans_list: Štír
sense:
(astrology) The zodiac sign for the scorpion, ruled by Mars and covering October 23 - November 22 (tropical astrology) or November 16 - December 15 (sidereal astrology).


lexentry: eng/Scorpius__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Scorpius
trans_list: Štír
sense:
(constellation) A constellation of the zodiac, roughly shaped like a scorpion. Its brightest star is the red giant Antares.


lexentry: eng/Scots__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Scots
trans_list: skotština
sense:
A Germanic language closely related to English and descended from northern dialects of Middle English, spoken in parts of Scotland, now especially in the northeastern and southern regions of the country.


lexentry: eng/Scottish_crossbill__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Scottish crossbill
trans_list: křivka skotská
sense:
Loxia scotica, a small passerine bird in the finch family Fringillidae. It is endemic to the Caledonian Forests of Scotland


lexentry: eng/Scouts__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Scouts
trans_list: skauting
sense:
A worldwide youth movement with the aim of supporting young people in their physical, mental and spiritual development, so that they may play a constructive role in the society [1].


lexentry: eng/Scrabble__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Scrabble
trans_list: Scrabble
sense:
A board game in which players draw letter tiles and take turns to make interlocking words like a crossword, scoring points according to the letters played and their positions on the board.


lexentry: eng/Sculptor__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sculptor
trans_list: Sochař
sense:
(constellation) A dim spring constellation of the southern sky. It lies between Aquarius and Phoenix and lies in the direction of the southern pole of the Milky Way.


lexentry: eng/Scutum__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Scutum
trans_list: Štít Sobieského
sense:
(constellation) A small autumn constellation of the northern sky, said to resemble a shield. It lies between the constellations of Aquila, Sagittarius, and the tail of Serpens.


lexentry: eng/Scythia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Scythia
trans_list: Skythie
sense:
(historical) A geographic region encompassing the Pontic-Caspian steppe in Eastern Europe and Central Asia, inhabited by nomadic Scythians from at least the 11th century BCE to the 2nd century CE.


lexentry: eng/Sea_of_Azov__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sea of Azov
trans_list: Azovské moře
sense:
A very shallow sea bounded by Russia, Ukraine, and the Crimean peninsula, linked to the Black Sea by the Strait of Kerch.


lexentry: eng/Sea_of_Marmara__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sea of Marmara
trans_list: Marmarské moře
sense:
A deep inland sea in north-western Turkey connecting the Black Sea to the Aegean Sea via the straits of Bosphorus and Dardanelles.


lexentry: eng/Sea_of_Okhotsk__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sea of Okhotsk
trans_list: Ochotské moře
sense:
A sea between the Kamchatka Peninsula on the east, the Kuril Islands on the southeast, the island of Hokkaidō to the far south, the island of Sakhalin along the west, and a long stretch of eastern Siberian coast along the west and north.


lexentry: eng/Second_World__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Second World
trans_list: východ
sense:
Those countries aligned with the East during the Cold War, particularly in contrast to those aligned with the West (First World).


lexentry: eng/Sekhmet__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sekhmet
trans_list: Sachmet
sense:
(Egyptian god) The goddess of death, war, violence, plague, and medicine; one of the "Eyes / Daughters of Ra", the consort of Ptah; depicted as having the head of a lioness.


lexentry: eng/Semite__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Semite
trans_list: Semita
sense:
A member of any of a number of peoples of ancient southwestern Asia and East Africa such as the Akkadians, Assyrians, Arameans, Phoenicians, Canaanites, Hebrews, Arabs, or Aksumites.


lexentry: eng/Senate__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Senate
trans_list: senát
sense:
Any of several legislative bodies. (In countries which have multiple legislative bodies, the Senate is often the more senior.)


lexentry: eng/Seoul__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Seoul
trans_list: Soul
sense:
The capital city of South Korea, also the historical capital of Korea from 1394 until the country was divided in 1945.


lexentry: eng/September__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: September
trans_list: září
sense:
The ninth month of the Gregorian calendar, following August and preceding October, containing the southward equinox.


lexentry: eng/Septuagint__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Septuagint
trans_list: Septuaginta
sense:
(bible) An influential Greek translation of the Hebrew Bible produced in Alexandria in the 3rd and 2nd centuries BC.


lexentry: eng/Serbia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Serbia
trans_list: Srbsko
sense:
A country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe. Official name: Republic of Serbia. Capital and largest city: Belgrade. Part of Yugoslavia until 1992, then part of Serbia and Montenegro until 2006.


lexentry: eng/Serbia_and_Montenegro__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Serbia and Montenegro
trans_list: Srbsko a Černá Hora
sense:
(historical) A former country in Southeast Europe on the Balkan Peninsula, existing from 1992 to 2006, previously part of Yugoslavia; composed of modern Serbia and Montenegro and known until 2003 as the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.


lexentry: eng/Serbo-Croatian__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Serbo-Croatian
trans_list: srbochorvatština | srbochorvatský
sense:
The South Slavic language of which Bosnian, Croatian, Montenegrin and Serbian are literary standards.


lexentry: eng/Serpens__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Serpens
trans_list: Had
sense:
(constellation) A large summer constellation of the northern sky said to resemble a snake. It is the only constellation consisting of two parts (Serpens Caput and Serpens Cauda) separated by the constellation Ophiuchus, representing the snake handler Asclepius.


lexentry: eng/Set__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Set
trans_list: Set
sense:
(Egyptian god) An ancient Egyptian god, variously described as the god of chaos, the god of thunder and storms, or the god of destruction.


lexentry: eng/Sevastopol__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sevastopol
trans_list: Sevastopol
sense:
A port city in Crimea, internationally recognized as part of Ukraine but de facto in Russia. It is the base of the Black Sea Fleet.


lexentry: eng/Sextans__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sextans
trans_list: Sextant
sense:
(constellation) A dim spring constellation of the northern sky, said to resemble a sextant. It lies south of the constellation of Leo.


lexentry: eng/Seychelles__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Seychelles
trans_list: Seychely
sense:
An archipelago and country in East Africa, in the Indian Ocean. Official name: Republic of Seychelles.


lexentry: eng/Shaanxi__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Shaanxi
trans_list: Šen-si
sense:
A province of China, including the Wei River valley and the fertile southern half of the Ordos Loop, comprising much of the Loess Plateau. Capital: Xi'an.


lexentry: eng/Shakespeare__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Shakespeare
trans_list: Shakespeare
sense:
William Shakespeare, an English playwright and poet of the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries.


lexentry: eng/Shakespearean__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Shakespearean
trans_list: shakespearovský
sense:
(literature) Of or pertaining to, characteristic of, associated with, or suggestive of William Shakespeare (an English playwright), his works, or his authorship, or the time in which he lived.


lexentry: eng/Shakespearean_sonnet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Shakespearean sonnet
trans_list: anglický sonet
sense:
(poetry) A sonnet comprising three quatrains and a final couplet, in iambic pentameter with the rhyme scheme of abab cdcd efef gg.


lexentry: eng/Shangri-La__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Shangri-La
trans_list: Šangri-La
sense:
A place of complete bliss, delight, and peace, especially one seen as an escape from ordinary life; a paradise.


lexentry: eng/Sheba__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sheba
trans_list: Sába
sense:
(biblical) A former kingdom in the Red Sea region. An ancient kingdom in Arabia or possibly in Africa. Frequently equated with ancient Saba.


lexentry: eng/Shetland_Islands__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Shetland Islands
trans_list: Shetlandy
sense:
An archipelago and council area of Scotland, roughly north-east of the Orkney Islands; the northernmost part of Scotland and the United Kingdom.


lexentry: eng/Shibuya__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Shibuya
trans_list: Šibuja
sense:
A special ward of Tokyo prefecture, Japan that is surrounded by (clockwise from north) Shinjuku, Minato, Shinagawa, Meguro, Setagaya, Suginami, and Nakano special wards.


lexentry: eng/Shinto__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Shinto
trans_list: šintoismus
sense:
Formerly the state religion of Japan, a type of animism involving the worship of ancestors and nature spirits.


lexentry: eng/Shiraz__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Shiraz
trans_list: Šíráz
sense:
A city in Iran, the seat of Shiraz County's Central District and the capital of Fars Province, near the remains of Persepolis.


lexentry: eng/Shiva__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Shiva
trans_list: Šiva
sense:
(Hinduism) The god of destruction and transformation, and together with Brahma and Vishnu, one of the principal deities in Hinduism. Within Shaivism he is viewed as the Supreme deity, whereas in other branches of Hinduism such as the Smarta tradition he is worshipped as one of the six manifestations of the Divine.


lexentry: eng/Shkodër__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Shkodër
trans_list: Skadar
sense:
A city in northwestern Albania (the country's fifth largest), located on a plain between the marshlands of Lake Shkodër and the foothills of the Albanian Alps, surrounded on three sides by the rivers Kir, Drin and Buna; it is the seat of its eponymous county, municipality and administrative unit.


lexentry: eng/Shrovetide__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Shrovetide
trans_list: masopust
sense:
The three days immediately preceding Lent; Shrove Sunday, Shrove Monday, and Shrove Tuesday, preceding Ash Wednesday.


lexentry: eng/Siamese_cat__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Siamese cat
trans_list: siamská kočka
sense:
A short-haired breed of domestic cat having blue eyes and pointed coat pattern, that is, a pale body and dark extremities.


lexentry: eng/Siberian_Husky__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Siberian Husky
trans_list: sibiřský husky
sense:
(zoology) A medium-sized spitz breed of dog originally used for herding reindeer and pulling sleighs.


lexentry: eng/Sicilian_Defence__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sicilian Defence
trans_list: sicilská obrana
sense:
A chess opening characterized by the moves 1.e4 c5, in which both the white king's pawn and the black king's bishop's pawn advance two squares as the first moves.


lexentry: eng/Sicily__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sicily
trans_list: Sicílie
sense:
The largest island in the Mediterranean Sea, an autonomous region of Italy, close to Africa and separated from Tunisia and Libya by the Strait of Sicily.


lexentry: eng/Sikhism__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sikhism
trans_list: sikhismus
sense:
A revealed, monotheistic religion originating in northern India, in the 15th century, through Guru Nanak and his successors.


lexentry: eng/Silesia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Silesia
trans_list: Slezsko
sense:
A cultural region of Central Europe, now chiefly in Poland, with small portions in the Czech Republic and Germany, from early modernity until 1945 predominantly German-speaking with Slavic-speaking minorities (and local majorities).


lexentry: eng/Silesian__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Silesian
trans_list: Slezská němčina
sense:
(uncountable) Lower Silesian, a Germanic language or dialect spoken in southwestern parts of what is now Poland (Lower Silesia).


lexentry: eng/Silesian__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Silesian
trans_list: slezština
sense:
(uncountable) Upper Silesian, a West Slavic language spoken in southwestern parts of Poland and the Czech Republic.


lexentry: eng/Silicon_Valley__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Silicon Valley
trans_list: Křemíkové údolí | Silicon Valley
sense:
(informal) Originally, the region of the San Francisco Bay Area in which there were a high number of industries producing silicon chips; later extended to mean the entire concentration of high-tech businesses in this area.


lexentry: eng/Silk_Road__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Silk Road
trans_list: hedvábná cesta
sense:
(historical) An extensive interconnected network of trade routes across Asia, North and Northeast Africa, and Europe, historically used by silk traders.


lexentry: eng/Simferopol__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Simferopol
trans_list: Simferopol
sense:
The capital city and raion of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, Ukraine and capital city of the Republic of Crimea, Russia.


lexentry: eng/Sindarin__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sindarin
trans_list: sindarština
sense:
A constructed language, partly inspired by Welsh, spoken by certain elves and others in J. R. R. Tolkien's works.


lexentry: eng/Singapore__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Singapore
trans_list: Singapur
sense:
An island and city-state in Southeast Asia, located off the southernmost tip of the Malay Peninsula; a former British crown colony and state of Malaysia (1963-1965). Official name: Republic of Singapore.


lexentry: eng/Sinhalese__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sinhalese
trans_list: sinhálský
sense:
Of or pertaining to the majority ethnic group of Sri Lanka, their Indo-Aryan language, or their culture.


lexentry: eng/Sint_Eustatius__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sint Eustatius
trans_list: Svatý Eustach
sense:
A dependent territory and special municipality of the Netherlands; an island in the northern Leeward Islands portion of the West Indies in the Caribbean.


lexentry: eng/Sint_Maarten__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sint Maarten
trans_list: Svatý Martin
sense:
A dependent territory and constituent country of the Netherlands, located on the southern half of the island of Saint Martin in the Caribbean Sea. Capital: Philipsburg.


lexentry: eng/Sisyphus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sisyphus
trans_list: Sisyfos
sense:
(Greek mythology) Son of Aeolus and Enarete, and king of Ephyra, as tragic figure doomed eternally to roll a boulder up a hill in Tartarus, a part of Hades.


lexentry: eng/Sjögren's_syndrome__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sjögren's syndrome
trans_list: Sjögrenův syndrom
sense:
An autoimmune disorder in which immune cells attack and destroy the exocrine glands that produce tears and saliva.


lexentry: eng/Slavic_studies__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Slavic studies
trans_list: slavistika
sense:
(humanities, US) A field of academic study concerned with Slavic areas, Slavic languages, literature, history, and culture.


lexentry: eng/Slavism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Slavism
trans_list: slavismus
sense:
(countable) A linguistic feature of one or more Slavic languages, especially a Slavic idiom or phrasing that appears in a non-Slavic language.


lexentry: eng/Slavonia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Slavonia
trans_list: Slavonie
sense:
In early modern times: Kingdom of Slavonia, covering north-eastern parts of modern Croatia and region of Syrmia in modern Serbia.


lexentry: eng/Slavophilia__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Slavophilia
trans_list: slavjanofilství
sense:
An ideological commitment to maintaining traditional Slavic culture and values and resisting non-Slavic influences (as first formulated in 19th-century imperial Russia).


lexentry: eng/Sleeping_Beauty__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Sleeping Beauty
trans_list: Šípková Růženka
sense:
The main character in this story, who is in unbroken slumber under a magical spell, awaiting the kiss of a prince.


lexentry: eng/Slovenia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Slovenia
trans_list: Slovinsko
sense:
A country on the Balkan Peninsula in Central Europe. Official name: Republic of Slovenia. Capital and largest city: Ljubljana. Part of Yugoslavia until 1991.


lexentry: eng/Slovio__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Slovio
trans_list: slovio
sense:
An artificial language based on the Slavic languages and written in either the Latin or Cyrillic script, intended to be readily understandable by speakers of any modern Slavic language.


lexentry: eng/Slytherin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Slytherin
trans_list: Zmijozelan | Zmijozelák
sense:
A person having traits associated with Slytherin house from the Harry Potter series, including ambition, cunning, or an affinity for snakes or the colours green and silver.


lexentry: eng/Snow_White__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Snow White
trans_list: Sněhurka
sense:
A fictional character in the fairy tale Snow-White and Rose-Red, from Schneeweißchen und Rosenrot collected by the Brothers Grimm.


lexentry: eng/Society_of_Jesus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Society of Jesus
trans_list: Tovaryšstvo Ježíšovo
sense:
An order of Roman Catholic clergy, the Jesuits, having a tradition of education, theological scholarship, and missionary work; formed during the 16th century.


lexentry: eng/Sod's_law__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sod's law
trans_list: zákon schválnosti
sense:
(chiefly, UK) The principle that what can go wrong, will go wrong, usually with some observed degree of irony


lexentry: eng/Sodom__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sodom
trans_list: Sodoma
sense:
(biblical, Quranic) A city in the Middle East which, according to the Bible and Islamic tradition, but not specifically named in the Qur'an, was destroyed by God (along with Gomorrah) for the sins of its inhabitants.


lexentry: eng/Sogdiana__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sogdiana
trans_list: Sogdiana
sense:
An ancient Iranian-speaking civilization of what is today eastern Uzbekistan and western Tajikistan.


lexentry: eng/Solar_System__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Solar System
trans_list: sluneční soustava | Sluneční soustava
sense:
(astronomy) The Sun and all the heavenly bodies that orbit around it, including the eight planets, their moons, the asteroids, and comets.


lexentry: eng/Solidarity__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Solidarity
trans_list: Solidarita
sense:
(historical) A political movement begun in the labor unions of Poland that contributed to the fall of Communism in that country.


lexentry: eng/Solomon_Islands__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Solomon Islands
trans_list: Šalamounovy ostrovy
sense:
A country consisting of the majority of the Solomon Islands archipelago in Melanesia, in Oceania, as well as the Santa Cruz Islands. Official name: Solomon Islands. Capital and largest city: Honiara.


lexentry: eng/Solomon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Solomon
trans_list: Šalamoun
sense:
(Biblical character) In the Old Testament and Qur'an, a king of Israel famous for his wisdom; father of King Rehoboam and the son of King David.


lexentry: eng/Somali__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Somali
trans_list: somálština
sense:
(chiefly, countable, collective) An ethnic group native to the Somali Peninsula; a Somali, a group of Somalis, the Somalis.


lexentry: eng/Somali__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Somali
trans_list: Somálec | Somálka
sense:
(countable, collective) A citizen or resident from the country of Somalia. The term Somalian is sometimes used as an alternative to Somali to emphasize civic affiliations to the Republic of Somalia and de-emphasize ethnic affiliations. Using the term Somalian may be offensive to some Somalis as it is deemed nonstandard. Some Somali ethnonationalists do not consider all citizens of Somalia to be Somali. Some Somali separatists prefer terms such as Somalian or Somalilander in civic contexts over the ethnolinguistic connoted term Somali.


lexentry: eng/Somalia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Somalia
trans_list: Somálsko
sense:
A country in East Africa, in the Horn of Africa. Official name: Federal Republic of Somalia. Capital: Mogadishu.


lexentry: eng/Somaliland__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Somaliland
trans_list: Somaliland
sense:
An ethnically Somali geographic region of East Africa comprising Somalia, Djibouti, and parts of Ethiopia.


lexentry: eng/Somaliland__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Somaliland
trans_list: Somaliland
sense:
A geographic region and de facto independent unrecognized state in East Africa, internationally recognized as part of Somalia; formerly the Somali Coast Protectorate. Official name: Republic of Somaliland.


lexentry: eng/Song_of_Songs__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Song of Songs
trans_list: Píseň písní
sense:
(biblical) The twenty-second book of the Christian Old Testament and the seventeenth book of the Hebrew Bible.


lexentry: eng/Sophocles__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sophocles
trans_list: Sofoklés
sense:
A Greek dramatic poet (ca. 497 BCE – 405 BCE); Sophocles was one of the three greatest Greek tragedians. In the Athenian dramatic competitions of the Festival of Dionysus, he won more first prizes (around 20) than any other playwright, and placed second in all others he participated in. He is best remembered for his Oedipus Cycle of plays.


lexentry: eng/Sound__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sound
trans_list: Öresund
sense:
The strait that separates Zealand (an island of Denmark) from Scania (part of Sweden); also sometimes called by the Danish name, Øresund.


lexentry: eng/South_Africa__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: South Africa
trans_list: Jižní Afrika | Jihoafrická republika
sense:
A country in Southern Africa. Official name: Republic of South Africa. Capitals: Pretoria, Cape Town, and Bloemfontein.


lexentry: eng/South_African_Republic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: South African Republic
trans_list: Jihoafrická republika
sense:
A former country in Southern Africa, the official English name of the Transvaal "Boer republic" state that existed from 1852 to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland's annexation of it in 1902.


lexentry: eng/South_America__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: South America
trans_list: Jižní Amerika
sense:
The continent forming the southern part of the Americas; east of the Pacific Ocean, west of the Atlantic Ocean, south of North America and north of Antarctica.


lexentry: eng/South_Asia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: South Asia
trans_list: Jižní Asie
sense:
A geographic region of Asia, comprising all the countries of the Indian subcontinent (principally India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal, and Bhutan) and the Indian Ocean (principally Sri Lanka, Maldives).


lexentry: eng/South_Australia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: South Australia
trans_list: Jižní Austrálie
sense:
A state of Australia, located in the central southern part of the continent; a former British colony until 1901. Capital: Adelaide.


lexentry: eng/South_Caucasus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: South Caucasus
trans_list: Zakavkazsko
sense:
A mountainous region of West Asia and Eastern Europe, lying between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea, comprising the republics of Georgia, Armenia and Azerbaijan.


lexentry: eng/South_China_Sea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: South China Sea
trans_list: Jihočínské moře
sense:
The western arm of the Pacific Ocean, between the Asian mainland and Taiwan, Borneo and the Philippines.


lexentry: eng/South_Dakota__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: South Dakota
trans_list: Jižní Dakota
sense:
A state in the Upper Midwest region of the United States. Capital: Pierre. Largest city: Sioux Falls.


lexentry: eng/South_Georgia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: South Georgia
trans_list: Jižní Georgie
sense:
An island in the southern Atlantic Ocean, part of the South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, United Kingdom, a British-owned territory.


lexentry: eng/South_Korea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: South Korea
trans_list: Jižní Korea
sense:
A country in East Asia, comprising the southern part of the Korean Peninsula. Official name: Republic of Korea. Capital: Seoul.


lexentry: eng/South_Ossetia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: South Ossetia
trans_list: Jižní Osetie
sense:
A disputed geographic region and de-facto independent but largely unrecognized country in the South Caucasus on the border of Europe and Asia, which considers itself an independent state called the Republic of South Ossetia; considered part of Georgia's territory by the Georgian government and the vast majority of the international community. Capital: Tskhinvali.


lexentry: eng/South_Pole__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: South Pole
trans_list: jižní pól
sense:
(geography) The Geographic South Pole or Terrestrial South Pole; the point which south is oriented towards, and therefore the southernmost point on Earth (having a latitude of -90°).


lexentry: eng/South_Sudan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: South Sudan
trans_list: Jižní Súdán
sense:
A country in East Africa. Official name: Republic of South Sudan, formerly the southern part of Sudan.


lexentry: eng/South_Vietnam__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: South Vietnam
trans_list: Jižní Vietnam
sense:
(historical) A former country in Southeast Asia that governed southern Vietnam from 1955 to 1975. Official name: Republic of Vietnam.


lexentry: eng/South_Yemen__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: South Yemen
trans_list: Jižní Jemen
sense:
(historical) A former country in West Asia on the Arabian Peninsula, existing from 1967 until 1990. Official name: People's Democratic Republic of Yemen.


lexentry: eng/South__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: South
trans_list: jih
sense:
(US) The south-eastern states of the United States, including many of the same states as formed the Confederacy.


lexentry: eng/Southeast_Asia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Southeast Asia
trans_list: Jihovýchodní Asie
sense:
A geographic region of Asia, comprising the territories of Brunei, Cambodia, East Timor, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar (Burma), the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam.


lexentry: eng/Southeast_Europe__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Southeast Europe
trans_list: Jihovýchodní Evropa
sense:
A political designation for a region of southeast Europe mostly comprising the states of the Balkans.


lexentry: eng/Southern_Ocean__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Southern Ocean
trans_list: Jižní oceán | Antarktický oceán
sense:
The portion of the World Ocean surrounding Antarctica, variously taken as the waters south of the Antarctic Circle, the waters south of 60° S, or the waters bounded by the Antarctic Convergence.


lexentry: eng/Southern_Rhodesia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Southern Rhodesia
trans_list: Jižní Rhodesie
sense:
(historical) A former colony of the United Kingdom; a name used to refer to the area now called Zimbabwe, officially introduced in 1901. A self-governing colony of Britain from 1923, its government began to refer to itself simply as Rhodesia in 1964, when Northern Rhodesia became Zambia. The name Zimbabwe was adopted in 1980.


lexentry: eng/Southern_Sami__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Southern Sami
trans_list: jižní sámština
sense:
Relating to the Southern Sami people living in east central Norway south of the Arctic Circle and across the border in Sweden, and their language and culture.


lexentry: eng/Soviet_Union__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Soviet Union
trans_list: Sovětský svaz
sense:
(historical) A former transcontinental country in Europe and Asia (1922–1991), now split into Russia and 14 other countries. Official name: Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.


lexentry: eng/Spain__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Spain
trans_list: Španělsko
sense:
A country in Southern Europe, including most of the Iberian peninsula. Official name: Kingdom of Spain. Capital and largest city: Madrid.


lexentry: eng/Spanish_fly__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Spanish fly
trans_list: puchýřník
sense:
(uncountable) A supposed aphrodisiac extracted from the beetle Lytta vesicatoria; cantharidin, the active ingredient, a vesicant used as a defence by L. vesicatoria and other blister beetles.


lexentry: eng/Spanish_influenza__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Spanish influenza
trans_list: španělská chřipka
sense:
(pathology) A form of influenza that spread to nearly every part of the world in a pandemic between 1918 and 1920, killing from 20 to 100 million people.


lexentry: eng/Spartacus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Spartacus
trans_list: Spartakus
sense:
A Thracian name, notably borne by a gladiator who was one of the slave leaders in a major slave uprising against the Roman Republic.


lexentry: eng/Spiritism__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Spiritism
trans_list: spiritismus
sense:
A philosophical doctrine, established in France in the mid nineteenth century, postulating that humans are essentially immortal spirits that temporarily inhabit physical bodies, and may have influence on the physical world.


lexentry: eng/Srebrenica__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Srebrenica
trans_list: Srebrenica
sense:
A town and municipality in the easternmost part of Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina, which was the site of an ethnic cleansing massacre in July 1995.


lexentry: eng/Sri_Jayawardenepura_Kotte__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte
trans_list: Šrí Džajavardanapura Kotte
sense:
The administrative capital of Sri Lanka, located next to the executive and judicial capital of Colombo.


lexentry: eng/Sri_Lanka__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sri Lanka
trans_list: Srí Lanka | Šrí Lanka
sense:
An island and country in South Asia, off the coast of India. Official name: Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka. Capital: Colombo.


lexentry: eng/Srinagar__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Srinagar
trans_list: Šrínagar
sense:
A city and district, the summer capital of Jammu and Kashmir, India. It is situated in the Kashmir valley on the banks of the river Jhelum and famous for its gardens.


lexentry: eng/St._Elmo's_fire__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: St. Elmo's fire
trans_list: oheň svatého Eliáše
sense:
An electrical discharge, or corona, seen around pointed objects, caused by ionization of the atmosphere during storms.


lexentry: eng/St._John's_wort__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: St. John's wort
trans_list: třezalka
sense:
Any of several plants, of the genus Hypericum, especially Hypericum perforatum, that have yellow flowers and traditionally ward off evil.


lexentry: eng/St._Stephen's_Day__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: St. Stephen's Day
trans_list: Svátek svatého Štěpána
sense:
(Christianity) A Christian holiday commemorating Saint Stephen the protomartyr (first Christian martyr; died 34 C.E.), falling immediately after Christmas Day (on December 26 in the Western Church and on December 27 in the Eastern Orthodox Church).


lexentry: eng/Stakhanovite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Stakhanovite
trans_list: stachanovec
sense:
(historical) An extremely productive or hard-working worker, especially in the former USSR, who may earn special rewards; a workaholic.


lexentry: eng/Stalin__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Stalin
trans_list: Stalin
sense:
A surname from Russian; usually referring to the Georgian revolutionary and General Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU Joseph Stalin.


lexentry: eng/Stalingrad__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Stalingrad
trans_list: Stalingrad
sense:
(historical) Former name of Volgograd: a city, the administrative center of Volgograd Oblast, Russia, and site of a famous World War II battle; used from 1925–1961.


lexentry: eng/Star_Wars__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Star Wars
trans_list: Hvězdné války
sense:
An American epic space opera franchise centered on a film series created by George Lucas in a setting where futuristic technology co-exists with a semi-sentient form of magic/religion called the Force.


lexentry: eng/Star_of_Bethlehem__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Star of Bethlehem
trans_list: Betlémská hvězda | Vánoční hvězda
sense:
(Biblical) The bright star in the Gospel of Matthew that lead the "wise men from the East" to travel to Bethlehem.


lexentry: eng/Star_of_David__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Star of David
trans_list: Davidova hvězda
sense:
(Judaism) A symbol of Jewish identity and Judaism, having the shape of a hexagram, the compound of two equilateral triangles.


lexentry: eng/Staré__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Staré
trans_list: Staré
sense:
A village and municipality in okres Michalovce, Košice kraj, eastern Slovakia, first mentioned in 1273.


lexentry: eng/Stasi__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Stasi
trans_list: Stasi
sense:
(derogatory) People who engage in covert surveillence or similar activities associated with secret police.


lexentry: eng/Statue_of_Liberty__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Statue of Liberty
trans_list: Socha Svobody
sense:
A very large statue in New York harbor, representing the Roman goddess Libertas, and considered emblematic of the United States and its attractiveness to immigrants.


lexentry: eng/Stendhalian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Stendhalian
trans_list: Stendhalův | stendhalovský
sense:
Of, pertaining to, or in the style of French novelist Marie-Henri Beyle (1783–1842), known as Stendhal.


lexentry: eng/Stockholm__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Stockholm
trans_list: Stockholm
sense:
A municipality, the capital and largest city of Sweden; the county seat of Stockholm County, Sweden.


lexentry: eng/Stone_Age__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Stone Age
trans_list: doba kamenná
sense:
(archaeology, paleontology) A broad prehistoric period during which humans widely used stone for toolmaking.


lexentry: eng/Stone__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Stone
trans_list: Skála
sense:
(countable) An English occupational and habitational surname from Old English, for someone who lived near a stone worked with stone, from Old English stan.


lexentry: eng/Stradivarius__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Stradivarius
trans_list: stradivárky
sense:
(musical instruments) A stringed instrument built by members of the Stradivari family, particularly Antonio Stradivari.


lexentry: eng/Strait_of_Dover__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Strait of Dover
trans_list: Doverská úžina | Calaiská úžina
sense:
A strait in the English Channel, connecting to the North Sea, between Dover (England) and Calais (France)


lexentry: eng/Strait_of_Magellan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Strait of Magellan
trans_list: Magalhãesův průliv
sense:
A navigable sea route between the southern coast of Chile and the northern coast of Tierra del Fuego.


lexentry: eng/Strait_of_Messina__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Strait of Messina
trans_list: Messinská úžina
sense:
The narrow section of water between the eastern tip of Sicily and the southern tip of mainland Italy.


lexentry: eng/Strasbourg__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Strasbourg
trans_list: Štrasburk
sense:
The capital city of Bas-Rhin department, France; the capital city of the region of Grand Est; located in the historic region of Alsace, near the border with Germany and at various historical points a part of Germany.


lexentry: eng/Student's_t_distribution__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Student's t distribution
trans_list: Studentovo t-rozdělení
sense:
(statistics) A distribution that arises when the population standard deviation is unknown and has to be estimated from the data.


lexentry: eng/Stuttgart__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Stuttgart
trans_list: Stuttgart | Štíhrad
sense:
An unincorporated community in Phillips County, Kansas, located in the north of the state off U.S. Route 36 7.6 mi west-northwest of Phillipsburg and 6.6 mi east-southeast of Prairie View.


lexentry: eng/Sukhumi__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sukhumi
trans_list: Suchumi
sense:
The capital city of Abkhazia, a de-facto independent country internationally recognized as part of the country of Georgia.


lexentry: eng/Sukkot__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sukkot
trans_list: Sukot
sense:
(Judaism) An ancient biblical / Israelite / Jewish festival lasting seven days, celebrating the autumn harvest and commemorating the passage through the wilderness: observed from the 15th day to the 21st day of the month of Tishrei (Tishri).


lexentry: eng/Sun__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sun
trans_list: Slunce
sense:
The star at the center of the Solar System (our solar system), which shines in our sky, represented in astronomy and astrology by ☉.


lexentry: eng/Sundaland__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sundaland
trans_list: Sundaland
sense:
(biogeography) A biogeographical region of Southeastern Asia which encompasses the areas of the Asian continental shelf that was exposed during the last ice age [from 1920s]


lexentry: eng/Sunday__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sunday
trans_list: neděle
sense:
The first day of the week in many religious traditions, and the seventh day of the week in systems using the ISO 8601 standard; the Christian Sabbath; the Lord's Day; it follows Saturday and precedes Monday.


lexentry: eng/Sunni__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sunni
trans_list: sunnitský
sense:
Belonging or relating to the branch of Islam based on the Qur'an, the Kutub al-Sittah (the hadiths which record the Sunnah) and that places emphasis on the Sahabah.


lexentry: eng/Suriname__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Suriname
trans_list: Surinam
sense:
A country in South America. Official name: Republic of Suriname. Capital and largest city: Paramaribo.


lexentry: eng/Surzhyk__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Surzhyk
trans_list: suržyk
sense:
A pidgin language or interlanguage combining elements of Russian and Ukrainian, spoken mainly in Ukraine but also some neighbouring regions in Russia (Kursk, Voronezh and Belgorod) or Ukrainians living in Russia.


lexentry: eng/Susa__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Susa
trans_list: Súsy
sense:
(historical) An ancient city, which became the capital of Elam, the Persian Empire, the Seleucid Empire and the Parthian Empire, now known as Shush in modern-day Khuzestan Province, Iran.


lexentry: eng/Svalbard__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Svalbard
trans_list: Špicberky
sense:
An archipelago, territory, and unincorporated area of Norway northeast of Greenland, in the Arctic Ocean.


lexentry: eng/Svetovid__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Svetovid
trans_list: Svantovit
sense:
The chief god of the Slavic tribe of Rani and the Polabian Slavs, ruling over war, fertility, and prosperity.


lexentry: eng/Swabian_Turkey__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Swabian Turkey
trans_list: Švábské Turecko
sense:
A region of southwestern Hungary inhabited by an ethnic German minority who settled there, beginning in the late 1600s after the land was conquered from the Ottoman Empire, from the Palatinate, Hesse, Swabia, Bavaria and elsewhere.


lexentry: eng/Swahili__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Swahili
trans_list: svahilština
sense:
An agglutinative language of the Bantu branch widely spoken in East Africa. Born in its modern form from the hybridization of the Arabic and Bantu cultures, it was the language of the traders in East Africa, and spread along the routes of trade.


lexentry: eng/Swazi__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Swazi
trans_list: Svazijec
sense:
A person from Swaziland/Eswatini or of Swazi/Swati descent originally migrating from Central Africa.


lexentry: eng/Swedish__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Swedish
trans_list: švédština | švédský
sense:
The language of Sweden and Åland (an autonomous part of Finland). Swedish is also one of the two official languages of Finland, spoken by 6% of the citizens. A very small minority in Estonia has Swedish as their mother tongue.


lexentry: eng/Swedish_mile__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Swedish mile
trans_list: míle
sense:
A unit of measure used in Sweden and other parts of Scandinavia, today with a length of 10 kilometres, but formerly with different values.


lexentry: eng/Swiss_Army_knife__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Swiss Army knife
trans_list: švýcarský nůž
sense:
Any of a class of multi-function pocket knives or multitools, having a blade and various tools, such as screwdrivers and can openers.


lexentry: eng/Swiss_roll__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Swiss roll
trans_list: roláda
sense:
A type of sponge cake rolled up into a cylinder, typically but not exclusively with jam or chocolate filling.


lexentry: eng/Switzerland__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Switzerland
trans_list: Švýcarsko
sense:
A country in Western Europe and Central Europe. Official name: Swiss Confederation. Capital: Bern (de facto).


lexentry: eng/Sydney__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sydney
trans_list: Sydney
sense:
(uncountable) A major port city, the state capital of New South Wales, Australia, and the most populous city in Australia.


lexentry: eng/Syria__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Syria
trans_list: Sýrie
sense:
(historical) Syria (an ancient region in the Levant in Western Asia, roughly coextensive with the modern country of Syria).


lexentry: eng/Székely_Land__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Székely Land
trans_list: Sikulsko
sense:
A historic and ethnographic region in Romania, inhabited mainly by Székelys, a subgroup of Hungarians.


lexentry: eng/São_Tomé_and_Príncipe__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: São Tomé and Príncipe
trans_list: Svatý Tomáš a Princův ostrov
sense:
A country and archipelago of Central Africa in the Atlantic Ocean. Official name: Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe. Capital: São Tomé.


lexentry: eng/T-bar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: T-bar
trans_list: kuše
sense:
(skiing) A type of ski lift where skiers/snowboarders are dragged up the ski run while they slide along on their skis/snowboards on the slope. They hang onto a T-shaped bar, a crossbar handle and a lead shaft linking to the drive cable.


lexentry: eng/T-junction__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: T-junction
trans_list: styková křižovatka
sense:
An intersection of routes where one road terminates as it joins a (usually higher priority) road at approximately 90°. In most countries, a give way or stop road sign will be seen at a T-junction.


lexentry: eng/T-shirt__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: T-shirt
trans_list: tričko | triko
sense:
(clothing) A lightweight shirt without buttons, usually with short sleeves and no collar. Often made of cotton and frequently bears a picture or slogan.


lexentry: eng/Taimyr__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Taimyr
trans_list: Tajmyr
sense:
A large peninsula in the Russian North that forms the northernmost part of mainland Eurasia and Asia in Krasnoyarsk kray, Russia.


lexentry: eng/Taipei__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Taipei
trans_list: Tchaj-pej
sense:
The capital city of and a special municipality of Taiwan, located in the northern part of the island of Taiwan. [from late 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/Taiwan_Strait__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Taiwan Strait
trans_list: Tchajwanský průliv
sense:
The strait dividing mainland Asia (China) from Taiwan island and connecting the East and South China Seas.


lexentry: eng/Taiwan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Taiwan
trans_list: Tchaj-wan | Taiwan
sense:
A partly-recognized country in East Asia consisting of a main island and 167 smaller islands. Official name: Republic of China. Capital: Taipei. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/Taj_Mahal__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Taj Mahal
trans_list: Tádž Mahal
sense:
A monument in Agra, India, constructed between 1631 and 1654, considered one of the finest examples of Mughal architecture in the world.


lexentry: eng/Tajik_SSR__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tajik SSR
trans_list: Tádžická SSR
sense:
Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic, the name for the Republic of Tajikistan while under the rule of the Soviet Union (1924–1991).


lexentry: eng/Tajik__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tajik
trans_list: tádžický
sense:
Of, from, or pertaining to Tajikistan, the Tajik people (living in Tajikistan and Afghanistan) or the Tajiki dialect of Persian.


lexentry: eng/Taliban__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Taliban
trans_list: Tálibán
sense:
A Deobandi Islamist and largely Pashtun religious political movement founded in Afghanistan in 1994 by mullah Mohammad Omar, which has governed the country from 1996 to 2001 and since 2021.


lexentry: eng/Talmud__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Talmud
trans_list: Talmud
sense:
(Judaism) A collection of Jewish writings related to the practical application of Judaic law and tradition (may refer to either the Babylonian Talmud or the shorter Jerusalem Talmud).


lexentry: eng/Talmudic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Talmudic
trans_list: talmudický | talmudský
sense:
Of or relating to the era of Jewish history, immediately following the destruction of the Second Temple, during which the Talmud was being compiled (c. 70–500 AD).


lexentry: eng/Tamil__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tamil
trans_list: tamilština | tamilský
sense:
A Dravidian language spoken in the state of Tamil Nadu, India and in Sri Lanka, Singapore, Malaysia.


lexentry: eng/Tanganyika__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Tanganyika
trans_list: Tanganika
sense:
A former British mandate and territory and, between 1961 and 1964, an independent country in East Africa.


lexentry: eng/Tangier__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tangier
trans_list: Tanger
sense:
A port city, the capital of the region of Tangier-Tetouan-Al Hoceima, Morocco, on the Strait of Gibraltar.


lexentry: eng/Taoism__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Taoism
trans_list: taoismus
sense:
A Chinese mystical philosophy traditionally founded by Lao-tzu in the 6th century B.C.E. that teaches conformity to the tao by unassertive action and simplicity.


lexentry: eng/Tasmania__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tasmania
trans_list: Tasmánie
sense:
One of the six federal states of Australia, consisting of one large, eponymous and several much smaller islands, off the eastern part of Australia's south coast; a former British colony, from 1856 to 1901. Capital: Hobart.


lexentry: eng/Tasmania__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Tasmania
trans_list: Tasmánie
sense:
The large island of Australia comprising the majority of the state of Tasmania's land area and on which most of its inhabitants live.


lexentry: eng/Tatar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tatar
trans_list: Tatar | Tatarka
sense:
A person belonging to one of several Turkic, Tatar-speaking ethnic groups in Eastern Europe, Russia and Central Asia.


lexentry: eng/Tatar__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tatar
trans_list: tatarština | tatarský
sense:
An agglutinative language belonging to the Altai group of Turkic languages. It is an official language of Tatarstan. There are some eight million speakers spread across Eastern Europe, Russia and Central Asia.


lexentry: eng/Tatarstan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tatarstan
trans_list: Tatarstán
sense:
A republic and federal subject of south-central Russia. Official name: Republic of Tatarstan. Capital: Kazan.


sense_num: 01
sense: A hill near Pōrangahau, in Hawke's Bay, New Zealand.
written_rep: Taumatawhakatangihangakoauauotamateaturipukakapikimaungahoronukupokaiwhenuakitanatahu
trans_list: Taumatawhakatangihangakoauauotamateaturipukakapikimaungahoronukupokaiwhenuakitanatahu
lexentry:
eng/Taumatawhakatangihangakoauauotamateaturipukakapikimaungahoronukupokaiwhenuakitanatahu__Proper_noun__1


lexentry: eng/Taurus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Taurus
trans_list: Býk
sense:
(zodiac constellations) A constellation of the zodiac supposedly shaped like a bull and containing the star Aldebaran.


lexentry: eng/Taurus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Taurus
trans_list: Býk
sense:
(astrology) The zodiac sign for the bull, ruled by Venus and covering April 21 - May 21 (tropical astrology) or May 16 - June 15 (sidereal astrology).


lexentry: eng/Taylor_series__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Taylor series
trans_list: Taylorova řada
sense:
(calculus) A power series representation of given infinitely differentiable function \textstyle f whose terms are calculated from the function's arbitrary order derivatives at given reference point \textstyle a; the series \textstyle f(a)+\frac {f'(a)}{1!} (x-a)+ \frac{f(a)}{2!} (x-a)^2+\frac{f(a)}{3!}(x-a)^3+ \cdots = \sum_{n=0} ^ {\infty} \frac {f^{(n)}(a)}{n!} (x-a)^{n}.


lexentry: eng/Tchaikovsky__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tchaikovsky
trans_list: Čajkovskij | Čajkovský
sense:
A transliteration of the Russian surname Чайко́вский (Čajkóvskij), usually applying to Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky.


lexentry: eng/Tehran__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tehran
trans_list: Teherán
sense:
The capital city of Iran, the seat of Tehran County's Central District and the capital of Tehran Province.


lexentry: eng/Telangana__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Telangana
trans_list: Telangána
sense:
A state in south-central India, created in 2014 by separation from Andhra Pradesh. Capital: Hyderabad.


lexentry: eng/Telescopium__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Telescopium
trans_list: Dalekohled
sense:
(constellation) A small faint constellation of the southern winter sky, said to resemble a telescope. It lies south of the constellation of Corona Australis.


lexentry: eng/Teletext__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Teletext
trans_list: teletext
sense:
(UK, Ireland) A text-based information retrieval system using television sets with a suitable decoder; developed by the BBC.


lexentry: eng/Temple__Proper_noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Temple
trans_list: chrám
sense:
(Judaism, Christianity, historical) Any of the former chief temples to YHWH in Jerusalem, particularly Solomon's Temple.


lexentry: eng/Temple__Proper_noun__2
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Temple
trans_list: chrám
sense:
Either of two of the Inns of Court in London (the Inner Temple and the Middle Temple), built on a site once occupied by the Knights Templar.


lexentry: eng/Ten_Commandments__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ten Commandments
trans_list: Desatero
sense:
(bible) A particular list of religious and moral imperatives which, according to the Old Testament of the Bible or the Hebrew Bible, were twice given or dictated by God to Moses on Mount Sinai and inscribed on two stone tablets.


lexentry: eng/Tepelenë__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tepelenë
trans_list: Tepelenë
sense:
A city in southern Albania, located on a plateau on the left bank of the river Vjosa about three kilometres downstream from its confluence with the river Drino; it is the seat of its eponymous municipality and the former seat of its now defunct eponymous district.


lexentry: eng/Terpsichore__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Terpsichore
trans_list: Terpsichoré
sense:
(Greek god) The goddess of dance and the dramatic chorus, and one of the Muses; the daughters of Zeus & Mnemosyne.


lexentry: eng/Tetris__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tetris
trans_list: Tetris
sense:
A puzzle video game in which falling tetrominoes must be manipulated to form complete lines, which are then cleared from the grid.


lexentry: eng/Teutonic_Knights__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Teutonic Knights
trans_list: Německý Řád | Řád německých rytířů
sense:
A German religious order founded in the late 12th century and known for conquering the Baltic Prussians and bringing Prussia under German control; the order exists today as a charitable organisation.


lexentry: eng/Thailand__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Thailand
trans_list: Thajsko
sense:
A country in Southeast Asia. Official name: Kingdom of Thailand. Capital: Bangkok. Former name: Siam.


lexentry: eng/Thames__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: Thames
trans_list: Temže
sense:
(with the) A river in the U.S. State of Connecticut flowing 24 km (15 mi.) past New London to Long Island Sound.


lexentry: eng/Thatcherism__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Thatcherism
trans_list: thatcherismus
sense:
(UK politics) The political ideology attributed to the governments of British prime minister Margaret Thatcher (1979–1990), characterised by, among other things, a free market economy, privatisation, low taxation, austerity and opposition to unionisation.


lexentry: eng/The_Game__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: The Game
trans_list: hra
sense:
A mind game where the objective is to avoid thinking about "The Game", and by thinking about it one loses, and subsequently has to announce one's loss to the world in order to make them lose.


lexentry: eng/Thebes__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Thebes
trans_list: Théby
sense:
A city in central Greece, the capital city of Boeotia and an important political centre in antiquity.


lexentry: eng/Thebes__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Thebes
trans_list: Théby
sense:
An ancient city and archaeological site in Upper Egypt, having functioned as capital city at times during the Middle Kingdom and New Kingdom.


lexentry: eng/Thelema__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Thelema
trans_list: theléma
sense:
A spiritual and social philosophy developed in the early 1900s, calling each person to act in alignment with his or her True Will (which may or may not be the same as personal wishes) as a basis for spiritual growth.


lexentry: eng/Themis__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Themis
trans_list: Themis
sense:
(Greek god) A Titan, the embodiment of divine order, law and custom. She was the daughter of Gaia and Uranus.


lexentry: eng/Thermopylae__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Thermopylae
trans_list: Thermopyly
sense:
A narrow pass on the east-central coast of Greece adjacent to the Maliakos Gulf, northwest of Athens. Its name is derived from its hot sulphur springs. It was the site of the Battle of Thermopylae, at which the Spartan King Leonidas stood off, for a time, the Persian armies of Xerxes.


lexentry: eng/Thessalonians__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Thessalonians
trans_list: Tesalonickým
sense:
(biblical) Books in the New Testament of the Bible (1 Thessalonians and 2 Thessalonians), epistles to the Christians in ancient Thessaloniki.


lexentry: eng/Thessaly__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Thessaly
trans_list: Thesálie
sense:
A historical region and administrative region in north-central Greece; one of its 13 peripheries. It contains the prefectures of Karditsa, Larissa, Magnesia and Trikala.


lexentry: eng/Third_World__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Third World
trans_list: třetí svět | rozvojová země
sense:
(attributive, pejorative, informal) Any developing country, or a country lacking the perceived internationally respected ideal standards of a society (e.g. sufficient rule of law and internationally respected level of prosperity).


lexentry: eng/Thor__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Thor
trans_list: Thór
sense:
(Norse mythology, and, paganism) A hammer-wielding god associated with thunder, lightning, storms, sacred groves and trees, strength, and the protection of mankind.


lexentry: eng/Thoth__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Thoth
trans_list: Thovt
sense:
(Egyptian god) The ancient Egyptian moon god of wisdom, learning, and magic, usually depicted as an ibis or baboon.


lexentry: eng/Thucydides__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Thucydides
trans_list: Thúkydidés
sense:
A great ancient Greek historian (c. 460 BCE – c. 395 BCE) and author of the History of the Peloponnesian War, which recounts the 5th century BCE war between Sparta and Athens to the year 411 BCE.


lexentry: eng/Thursday__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Thursday
trans_list: čtvrtek
sense:
The fifth day of the week in many religious traditions, and the fourth day of the week in systems using the ISO 8601 norm; it follows Wednesday and precedes Friday.


lexentry: eng/Tianjin__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tianjin
trans_list: Tchien-ťin
sense:
A direct-administered municipality and major city in northern China, between Beijing and the Bohai Bay.


lexentry: eng/Tiberius__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tiberius
trans_list: Tiberius
sense:
(historical) A en given name of mostly historical use, in particular, the praenomen of the second Roman emperor Tiberius Julius Caesar Augustus, reigning 14-37 C.E..


lexentry: eng/Tibet__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tibet
trans_list: Tibet
sense:
A geographic region in Central Asia (mostly in China), the homeland of the Tibetan people, covering much of the Tibetan Plateau.


lexentry: eng/Tibet__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Tibet
trans_list: Tibet
sense:
(historical) A former country in East Asia that existed from 1912 until its annexation by China in 1951.


lexentry: eng/Tibetan_Mastiff__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tibetan Mastiff
trans_list: tibetská doga | tibetský mastif
sense:
A large dog of a breed from Central Asia, having a medium to long double coat in a wide variety of colors, sometimes with white markings around neck, chest, and legs.


lexentry: eng/Tierra_del_Fuego__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Tierra del Fuego
trans_list: Ohňová země
sense:
An archipelago and geographic region of Chile and Argentina, consisting of this island and a number of smaller surrounding islands.


lexentry: eng/Tigris__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tigris
trans_list: Tigris
sense:
A river in Southwest Asia flowing 1,150 miles east-southeast from the Armenian Highland in Turkey through Iraq. It forms the eastern edge of classical Mesopotamia. It unites with the Euphrates River to form the Shatt al-Arab before flowing into the Persian Gulf.


lexentry: eng/Tirana__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tirana
trans_list: Tirana
sense:
A municipality, the capital and largest city of Albania, located in the center of the country west of the mountain of Dajti on the plain of Tirana; it is the seat of its eponymous county and municipality.


lexentry: eng/Tobit__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tobit
trans_list: Tobiáš
sense:
(biblical character) A book of the Catholic and Eastern Orthodox canon of the Old Testament, considered apocryphal by Protestants.


lexentry: eng/Toltec__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Toltec
trans_list: Tolték
sense:
A member of a pre-Columbian Native American people who dominated much of central Mexico between the 10th and 12th centuries AD.


lexentry: eng/Tom_Thumb__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tom Thumb
trans_list: Paleček
sense:
A fairy-tale character who is the size of a person's thumb; the protagonist and hero of the fairy tale The History of Tom Thumb.


lexentry: eng/Tonga__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tonga
trans_list: Tonga
sense:
A country and archipelago of Polynesia in Oceania. Official name: Kingdom of Tonga. Capital and largest city: Nuku'alofa.


lexentry: eng/Torah__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Torah
trans_list: Tóra
sense:
The first five books of the Hebrew Scriptures, traditionally attributed to Moses and therefore also known as the Five Books of Moses.


lexentry: eng/Torah__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Torah
trans_list: Tóra
sense:
The full body of written Jewish law, including the Tanakh, the Talmud, the Mishnah and the midrashic texts.


lexentry: eng/Tower_of_London__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tower of London
trans_list: Tower
sense:
A riverside fortress in London, used as a palace, a prison and now a museum housing the Crown Jewels.


lexentry: eng/Transdanubia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Transdanubia
trans_list: Zadunají
sense:
A traditional region of Hungary, bounded by the Danube river (north and east), the Drava and Mura rivers (south), and the foothills of the Alps roughly along the border between Hungary and Austria (west).


lexentry: eng/Transnistria__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Transnistria
trans_list: Podněstersko | Podněstří
sense:
A geographic region and de-facto independent but unrecognized country in Eastern Europe that claims statehood as the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic; internationally considered an autonomous territorial unit within Moldova.


lexentry: eng/Transvaal__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Transvaal
trans_list: Transvaal
sense:
A geographical region and former province (until 1994) of South Africa between the Vaal and Limpopo rivers.


lexentry: eng/Trappist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Trappist
trans_list: trapista
sense:
A monk or nun of the Order of Cistercians of the Strict Observance (a branch of the Cistercians Roman Catholic religious brotherhood that use a particularly strict interpretation of the Rule of St Benedict).


lexentry: eng/Treasury__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Treasury
trans_list: poklad
sense:
Any specific instance of a government department responsible for the collection, management, and expenditure of public revenue.


lexentry: eng/Treasury_bill__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Treasury bill
trans_list: pokladniční poukázka
sense:
(finance) A government obligation, sold at a discount, maturing in one year or less, and pays no interest prior to maturity.


lexentry: eng/Triangulum__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Triangulum
trans_list: Trojúhelník
sense:
(constellation) An autumn constellation of the northern sky whose brightest three stars form a small triangle. The constellation lies near Perseus, between Aries and Andromeda.


lexentry: eng/Triassic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Triassic
trans_list: trias | Trias
sense:
(geology) A geologic period within the Mesozoic era, comprising lower, middle and upper epochs from about 250 to 200 million years ago.


lexentry: eng/Tridentine__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Tridentine
trans_list: tridentský
sense:
(Catholicism) Pertaining to the form of Mass promulgated at the Council of Trent, often called the Tridentine Mass.


lexentry: eng/Trinidad_and_Tobago__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Trinidad and Tobago
trans_list: Trinidad a Tobago
sense:
A country consisting of two main islands and several smaller islands in the Caribbean, off the coast of Venezuela. Official name: Republic of Trinidad and Tobago.


lexentry: eng/Trinity__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Trinity
trans_list: trojice | Nejsvětější Trojice
sense:
(Christianity) In Christian belief, the three persons of the Godhead: the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit.


lexentry: eng/Tripoli__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Tripoli
trans_list: Tripolis
sense:
The capital city of Libya, originally three separate settlements known as Oea, Sabratha, and Leptis Magna.


lexentry: eng/Trojan_horse__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Trojan horse
trans_list: trojský kůň
sense:
(Greek mythology) The hollow wooden horse by which the Greeks allegedly gained access to Troy during the Trojan War.


lexentry: eng/Tropic_of_Cancer__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tropic of Cancer
trans_list: obratník Raka
sense:
(geography) The parallel of latitude 23°26′north of the equator, marking the northern boundary of the tropics; the sun is directly overhead at the June solstice.


lexentry: eng/Tropic_of_Capricorn__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tropic of Capricorn
trans_list: obratník Kozoroha
sense:
(geography) The parallel of latitude 23°26′south of the equator, marking the southern boundary of the tropics; the sun is directly overhead at the December solstice.


lexentry: eng/Trotskyism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Trotskyism
trans_list: trockismus
sense:
The left-wing political philosophy named after and based on the ideas of Leon Trotsky that is characterized by international socialism, opposition to Stalinism, the theory of permanent revolution and the theory of the vanguard party.


lexentry: eng/Trotskyite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Trotskyite
trans_list: trockista | trockistka
sense:
(derogatory) An advocate of the communist doctrines of Leon Trotsky (born Лев Дави́дович Бронште́йн / Lev Davidovich Bronstein).


lexentry: eng/Tskhinvali__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tskhinvali
trans_list: Cchinvali
sense:
The capital city of South Ossetia, a de-facto independent country internationally recognized as part of the country of Georgia.


lexentry: eng/Tucana__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tucana
trans_list: tukan
sense:
(constellation) A spring constellation of the southern sky, said to resemble a toucan. It lies south of the constellations Phoenix and Grus.


lexentry: eng/Tuesday__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tuesday
trans_list: úterý
sense:
The third day of the week in many religious traditions, and the second day of the week in systems that use the ISO 8601 norm; it follows Monday and precedes Wednesday.


lexentry: eng/Turing_machine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Turing machine
trans_list: Turingův stroj
sense:
(computing theory) An abstract computing machine that has a finite number of possible internal states and operates on an infinite memory tape by first reading a symbol from a cell in the tape, and then, deterministically, based on that symbol and the machine’s state, writing a symbol in that cell, moving to a neighboring cell, and/or changing state.


lexentry: eng/Turkestan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Turkestan
trans_list: Turkestán
sense:
(historical) The regions of Central Asia lying between Siberia to the north; Tibet (Xizang) and Xinjiang, China, modern-day Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Iran to the south; the Gobi Desert to the east; and the Caspian Sea to the west.


lexentry: eng/Turkey__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Turkey
trans_list: Turecko
sense:
A country located in Eastern Thrace in Southeastern Europe and Anatolia in western Asia. Official name: Republic of Türkiye. Capital: Ankara.


lexentry: eng/Turkish__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Turkish
trans_list: turečtina | turecký jazyk | turecký
sense:
The official language of Turkey, Republic of Cyprus (alongside Greek) and Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus.


lexentry: eng/Turkish_coffee__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Turkish coffee
trans_list: turecká káva
sense:
Coffee prepared by boiling finely powdered roast coffee beans in a pot, possibly with sugar, and serving it into a cup, where the dregs settle.


lexentry: eng/Turkmen_SSR__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Turkmen SSR
trans_list: Turkmenská SSR
sense:
Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic, the name for the Republic of Turkmenistan while under the rule of the Soviet Union (1925–1991).


lexentry: eng/Turner_syndrome__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Turner syndrome
trans_list: Turnerův syndrom
sense:
(medicine, medical genetics) A particular genetic condition, caused by partially or completely missing an X chromosome (monosomy), that leads to sterility and other issues.


lexentry: eng/Tutankhamun__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tutankhamun
trans_list: Tutanchamon
sense:
Ancient Egyptian pharaoh known for his young age and his tomb, which was preserved intact to the modern age.


lexentry: eng/Typhon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Typhon
trans_list: Týfón
sense:
(Greek mythology) The most powerful and feared of all Greek monsters, having the head, arms, and torso of a man, and his bottom half consisting of countless dragons or serpents. Some stories also say that his hands ended in serpents and that he bears 100 heads. He is shrouded in giant wings, his eyes blaze a white fire, and his arms reach towards the stars.


lexentry: eng/Tyre__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tyre
trans_list: Týros
sense:
A city in Lebanon, a major port on the Levantine Sea that was a city-state in Phoenicia in antiquity and the capital of the Kingdom of Jerusalem during the Middle Ages.


lexentry: eng/Tyrol__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Tyrol
trans_list: Tyrolsko | Tyroly
sense:
A geographic region in Central Europe including the state of Tyrol in Austria and the regions of South Tyrol and Trentino in Italy.


lexentry: eng/Tyrrhenian_Sea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tyrrhenian Sea
trans_list: Tyrhénské moře
sense:
A part of the Mediterranean Sea off the western coast of Italy, bounded by Corsica and Sardinia (west), Tuscany, Lazio, Campania, and Calabria (east), and Sicily (south).


lexentry: eng/Tyrtaeus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tyrtaeus
trans_list: Tyrtaios
sense:
An Ancient Greek name, particularly borne by a Greek elegiac poet who lived at Sparta about the middle of the 7th century BC.


lexentry: eng/U-turn__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: U-turn
trans_list: obrat o 180 stupňů
sense:
A turn in a vehicle carried out by driving in a semicircle in order to travel in the opposite direction.


lexentry: eng/UAV__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: UAV
trans_list: bezpilotní letadlo
sense:
(aviation) Initialism of unmanned aerial vehicle or uncrewed aerial vehicle: an aircraft with no onboard pilot, and sometimes completely unpiloted, that is capable of controlled, sustained, level flight.


lexentry: eng/USSR__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: USSR
trans_list: SSSR
sense:
(historical) A former transcontinental country in Europe and Asia (1922–1991), now split into Russia and 14 other countries; the Soviet Union; in full, Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.


lexentry: eng/Udmurtia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Udmurtia
trans_list: Udmurtsko
sense:
A republic and federal subject of Russia, on a plain to the west of the Ural Mountains. Capital: Izhevsk.


lexentry: eng/Ugaritic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ugaritic
trans_list: ugaritština | ugaritský
sense:
The Northwest Semitic language of the ancient city of Ugarit in Syria. Extinct since 1100 B.C.E., it was written in cuneiform.


lexentry: eng/Ukraine__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ukraine
trans_list: Ukrajina
sense:
A country in Eastern Europe, bordering on the north shore of the Black Sea. Capital and largest city: Kyiv.


lexentry: eng/Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic
trans_list: Ukrajinská sovětská socialistická republika
sense:
(historical) The Bolshevik state of Ukraine (1919–91), a constituent republic of the Soviet Union (1922–91), member of the United Nations since 1945.


lexentry: eng/Ukrainian_studies__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ukrainian studies
trans_list: ukrajinistika
sense:
(humanities) An academic discipline that includes the study of Ukrainian linguistics, sociolinguistics, language and literature, along with Ukrainian history and culture.


lexentry: eng/Ulster__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ulster
trans_list: Ulster
sense:
The northern province of Ireland, made up of all six Northern Irish counties and three counties in the Republic of Ireland.


lexentry: eng/Ulyanovsk__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Ulyanovsk
trans_list: Uljanovsk
sense:
A city, the administrative center of Ulyanovsk Oblast, Russia, on the Volga river. Birthplace of Vladimir Lenin (born Ulyanov).


lexentry: eng/Uncle_Sam__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Uncle Sam
trans_list: Strýček Sam
sense:
(colloquial, originally, US) A personification of the United States federal government or (rare) citizens. [from early 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/Unicode__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Unicode
trans_list: Unicode
sense:
(international standards, computing) A series of character encoding standards intended to support the characters used by a large number of the world’s languages.


lexentry: eng/Union_of_Soviet_Socialist_Republics__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
trans_list: Svaz sovětských socialistických republik
sense:
(historical) A former transcontinental country in Europe and Asia (1922–1991), now split into Russia and 14 other countries; short form Soviet Union; abbreviation USSR.


lexentry: eng/Unitarian__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: Unitarian
trans_list: unitární
sense:
A member of a political movement advocating a unitary state rather than a federal one, especially the Unitarios of nineteenth century Argentina (known as the Unitarian Party in English).


lexentry: eng/Unitarianism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Unitarianism
trans_list: unitarismus | unitářství
sense:
A Christian theology that God has one part, rather than the three equal parts (Father, Son, and Holy Spirit) posited by Trinitarianism.


lexentry: eng/United_Kingdom__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: United Kingdom
trans_list: Spojené království
sense:
A kingdom and country in Northern Europe, comprising the four countries of England, Scotland and Wales on the island of Great Britain, and Northern Ireland on the northeastern portion of the island of Ireland since 1922.


lexentry: eng/United_Kingdom_of_Great_Britain_and_Ireland__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
trans_list: Spojené království Velké Británie a Irska
sense:
(historical) Former official name of the United Kingdom: a country in Northern Europe; in use from 1801–1927 (before being renamed by the Royal and Parliamentary Titles Act 1927 following the creation of the Irish Free State in 1922).


lexentry: eng/United_Nations_General_Assembly__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: United Nations General Assembly
trans_list: Valné shromáždění OSN
sense:
One of the six principal organs of the United Nations and the only one in which all member nations have equal representation.


lexentry: eng/United_Nations__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: United Nations
trans_list: Organizace spojených národů
sense:
(in the singular) An international coalition, founded in 1945 and headquartered in New York City, that aims to promote global co-operation and maintain international order.


lexentry: eng/United_States_Virgin_Islands__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: United States Virgin Islands
trans_list: Americké Panenské ostrovy
sense:
An archipelago and dependent territory of the United States, part of the Virgin Islands in the Caribbean. Official name: Virgin Islands of the United States.


lexentry: eng/United_States_of_America__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: United States of America
trans_list: Spojené státy americké | Spojené státy | Amerika
sense:
A country located primarily in North America, stretching from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean and consisting of fifty states (including Alaska and Hawaii) and the District of Columbia, while asserting sovereignty over several territories. Capital: Washington, D.C.. Largest city: New York City.


lexentry: eng/Upanishad__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Upanishad
trans_list: upanišady
sense:
Any of a set of authorless Hindu religious and philosophical texts considered to be an early source of the religion, found mostly as the concluding part of the Brahmanas and in the Aranyakas.


lexentry: eng/Upper_Egypt__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Upper Egypt
trans_list: Horní Egypt
sense:
(Egyptology) The part of Ancient Egypt south of Memphis, so named because the Nile flows south to north.


lexentry: eng/Upper_Silesia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Upper Silesia
trans_list: Horní Slezsko
sense:
A historical region in Central Europe, the southeastern part of Silesia, today mostly within Poland with a small strip located in the Czech Republic.


lexentry: eng/Ural_Mountains__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ural Mountains
trans_list: Ural
sense:
A range of mountains in Russia that stretch from the Arctic to the Caspian Sea; traditionally, the border between Europe and Asia.


lexentry: eng/Uralic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Uralic
trans_list: uralský
sense:
Pertaining to the Finno-Ugric and Samoyedic peoples, whose urheimat was the Ural Mountains, or to their languages, which constitute a language family, the Uralic languages.


lexentry: eng/Uranus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Uranus
trans_list: Uran | Uranos
sense:
(Greek god) The Greek god who personified the sky and heavens and fathered the Titans. Roman counterpart: Caelus.


lexentry: eng/Urdu__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Urdu
trans_list: urdština | urdsky
sense:
Modern Standard Urdu, an Indo-Aryan language with native speakers mainly in Pakistan and North India. It is a standardized and Persianized version of Hindustani.


lexentry: eng/Ursa_Major__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ursa Major
trans_list: Velká medvědice
sense:
(constellation) A large circumpolar constellation of the northern sky, said to resemble a bear. It includes the familiar asterism the Big Dipper and the stars Mizar, Dubhe, and Alkaid.


lexentry: eng/Ursa_Minor__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ursa Minor
trans_list: Malý medvěd
sense:
(constellation) A circumpolar constellation of the northern sky, said to resemble a bear. It includes the familiar asterism of the Little Dipper and, as part of it, the northern pole star Polaris, as well as Kochab.


lexentry: eng/Uruguay__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Uruguay
trans_list: Uruguay
sense:
A country in South America. Official name: Oriental Republic of Uruguay. Capital and largest city: Montevideo.


lexentry: eng/Utraquism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Utraquism
trans_list: kališnictví
sense:
(historical, Christianity) The moderate Hussite ideology that the faithful, specifically including laity, should receive Communion under both kinds (sub utraque specie), that is to say, receive both bread and wine during the Eucharist; moderate Hussitism.


lexentry: eng/Uzbek_SSR__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Uzbek SSR
trans_list: Uzbecká SSR
sense:
Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic, the name for the Republic of Uzbekistan while under the rule of the Soviet Union (1924-1991).


lexentry: eng/Uzhhorod__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Uzhhorod
trans_list: Užhorod
sense:
A city in the Carpathian Mountains, municipal and regional administrative centre of Zakarpattia Oblast in western Ukraine.


lexentry: eng/Valence__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Valence
trans_list: Valencie
sense:
A city and commune, the capital of the department of Drôme, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region, southeastern France.


lexentry: eng/Valle_d'Aosta__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Valle d'Aosta
trans_list: údolí Aosty
sense:
An autonomous region of northwestern Italy, with a significant fraction of the population speaking Franco-Provençal.


lexentry: eng/Valley_of_the_Kings__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Valley of the Kings
trans_list: Údolí králů
sense:
(Egyptology) A valley in Egypt, on the west bank of the Nile, known for the tombs constructed there for the pharaohs.


lexentry: eng/Vandalic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Vandalic
trans_list: vandalský
sense:
The extinct East Germanic language spoken by the Vandals, probably closely related to the Gothic language.


lexentry: eng/Vanuatu__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Vanuatu
trans_list: Vanuatu
sense:
A country and archipelago of Melanesia in Oceania. Official name: Republic of Vanuatu. Capital and largest city: Port Vila.


lexentry: eng/Varuna__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Varuna
trans_list: Varuna
sense:
(Hinduism) A god of the sky, of rain and of the celestial ocean, as well as a god of law and of the underworld.


lexentry: eng/Vatican_City_State__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Vatican City State
trans_list: Městský stát Vatikán
sense:
Official name of Vatican City: a city-state in Southern Europe, an enclave within the city of Rome, Italy.


lexentry: eng/Vatican_City__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Vatican City
trans_list: Vatikán
sense:
A city-state in Southern Europe, an enclave within the city of Rome, Italy. Official name: Vatican City State.


lexentry: eng/Veda__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Veda
trans_list: Věda
sense:
(Hinduism) Any of a large body of texts originating in Ancient India. They form the oldest layer of Sanskrit literature and the oldest sacred texts of Hinduism.


lexentry: eng/Vega__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Vega
trans_list: Vega
sense:
(star) The brightest star in the constellation Lyra; Alpha (α) Lyrae. It forms one corner of the Summer Triangle.


lexentry: eng/Vela__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Vela
trans_list: Plachty
sense:
(constellation) A spring constellation of the northern sky, said to resemble the sails of a ship. Until 1763, it was part of a larger constellation, Argo Navis.


lexentry: eng/Velcro__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Velcro
trans_list: suchý zip
sense:
A fastener consisting of two strips of fabric, one covered with minute fiber hooks and the other with tiny fiber loops, which stick strongly together but can be pulled apart.


lexentry: eng/Velvet_Revolution__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Velvet Revolution
trans_list: sametová revoluce
sense:
Any non-violent political revolution, especially the events in Czechoslovakia that led to the velvet divorce.


lexentry: eng/Venetian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Venetian
trans_list: benátský
sense:
Of, from or relating to the city of Venice or surrounding province, Veneto region, northeastern Italy.


lexentry: eng/Venetian__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Venetian
trans_list: Benátčan | Benátčanka
sense:
A native or inhabitant of the city of Venice or surrounding province, Veneto region, northeastern Italy.


lexentry: eng/Venetian_blind__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Venetian blind
trans_list: žaluzie
sense:
A blind consisting of overlapping horizontal, flat slats, usually made of metal, vinyl or wood, that can be tilted so as to let in more or less light.


lexentry: eng/Venezuela__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Venezuela
trans_list: Venezuela
sense:
A country in South America. Official name: Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela. Capital and largest city: Caracas.


lexentry: eng/Venice__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Venice
trans_list: Benátky | Benátská republika
sense:
A port city and comune, the capital of the Metropolitan City of Venice and the region of Veneto, Italy; former capital of an independent republic.


lexentry: eng/Venice__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: Venice
trans_list: Benátská republika | Benátky
sense:
(historical) A former polity in Europe, a republic and colonial empire around the Adriatic and eastern Mediterranean from CE 697 to 1797 with its capital at Venice.


lexentry: eng/Venn_diagram__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Venn diagram
trans_list: Vennův diagram
sense:
(set theory) A diagram representing some sets by contours of closed shapes, such as circles or ellipses (and sometimes also the universal set as a rectangle enclosing all of these shapes), and indicating the relationships between the sets: by overlapping the shapes to show that the corresponding sets have a non-empty intersection, and by possibly (but not necessarily) enclosing all of the sets (which are proper subsets of the universal set) within a universal set (represented typically by a rectangle); such that the total number of simply connected regions is 2^n, where n is the number of depicted sets which are proper subsets of the universal set.


lexentry: eng/Venus_flytrap__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Venus flytrap
trans_list: mucholapka podivná
sense:
An insectivorous plant of the savannas of North and South Carolina, Dionaea muscipula; the leaves are hinged and bordered with stiff hairs, and close when an insect alights on them.


lexentry: eng/Veps__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Veps
trans_list: vepština
sense:
The Veps language, spoken by the Vepses, belonging to the Finnic group of the Finno-Ugric languages.


lexentry: eng/Verona__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Verona
trans_list: Verona
sense:
A city, the capital of the province of Verona, straddling the river Adige in Veneto, northern Italy.


lexentry: eng/Versailles__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Versailles
trans_list: Versailles
sense:
A city, suburb of Paris and capital of Yvelines department, Île-de-France, and the former capital of France.


lexentry: eng/Vesta__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Vesta
trans_list: Vesta
sense:
(Roman god) The virgin goddess of the hearth, fire, and the household, and therefore a deity of domestic life. The Roman counterpart of Hestia.


lexentry: eng/Victorian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Victorian
trans_list: viktoriánský
sense:
(figuratively) Of or displaying the (supposed) ideals or standards of morality of that period; conservative; also, old-fashioned, out-of-date.


lexentry: eng/Victory_Day__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Victory Day
trans_list: Den vítězství
sense:
Any of various public holidays in various countries to commemorate victories in important battles or wars in the countries' history.


lexentry: eng/Vienne__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Vienne
trans_list: Vídeň
sense:
A left tributary of the Loire in southwest France, flowing through the departments of Corrèze, Creuse, Haute-Vienne, Charente, Vienne and Indre-et-Loire.


lexentry: eng/Vietnamese_studies__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Vietnamese studies
trans_list: vietnamistika
sense:
(humanities) An academic discipline that includes the study of literature written in the Vietnamese language, Vietnamese linguistics, Vietnamese history, and Vietnamese ethnology.


lexentry: eng/Viking__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Viking
trans_list: viking
sense:
(historical) Scandinavian/Northern European seafarers, most familiarly raiders and pirates during the Viking age.


lexentry: eng/Virgin_Islands__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Virgin Islands
trans_list: Panenské ostrovy
sense:
An archipelago of the Caribbean Sea, comprising the British Virgin Islands and the United States Virgin Islands.


lexentry: eng/Virgo__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Virgo
trans_list: Panna
sense:
(zodiac constellations) : A constellation in the zodiac, imagined in the shape of a maiden, that contains the bright binary star Spica.


lexentry: eng/Virgo__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Virgo
trans_list: Panna
sense:
(astrology) : The zodiac sign for the virgin, ruled by Mercury, that covers August 23 – September 23 (tropical astrology) or September 16 – October 15 (sidereal astrology).


lexentry: eng/Vishnu__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Vishnu
trans_list: Višnu
sense:
(Hinduism) One of the Trimurti (trinity) in Hindu mythology, and the most venerated god in Hinduism.


lexentry: eng/Visigoth__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Visigoth
trans_list: Vizigót
sense:
Any member of an ancient East Germanic tribe, one branch of the Goths (the Ostrogoths being the other), which participated in several wars with Rome and established a kingdom with Toulouse for its capital.


lexentry: eng/Vladislav__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Vladislav
trans_list: Vladislav
sense:
A transliteration of the Macedonian, Pannonian Rusyn, Russian, or Ukrainian male given name Владисла́в (Vladisláv).


lexentry: eng/Vladivostok__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Vladivostok
trans_list: Vladivostok
sense:
A city and seaport in the Russian Far East, on the Sea of Japan, near North Korea; the administrative centre of Primorsky Krai.


lexentry: eng/Volga__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Volga
trans_list: Volha
sense:
A river in Russia, the longest river in Europe, flowing 2,325 miles through western Russia to the Caspian Sea.


lexentry: eng/Volhynia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Volhynia
trans_list: Volyň
sense:
(historical) A geographic region of Eastern Europe, now divided between southeastern Poland, northwestern Ukraine, and southwestern Belarus.


lexentry: eng/Voltairean__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Voltairean
trans_list: voltairovský
sense:
(philosophy) Of or pertaining to François-Marie Arouet (1694-1778; pen name "Voltaire"), French writer, essayist, and philosopher known for his wit and defence of civil liberties.


lexentry: eng/Vulcan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Vulcan
trans_list: Vulkán
sense:
(Roman god) The god of volcanoes and fire, especially the forge, also the patron of all craftsmen, especially blacksmiths. The Roman counterpart of Hephaestus.


lexentry: eng/Vulcan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Vulcan
trans_list: Vulkán
sense:
(astronomy, historical) A hypothetical planet proposed in the 19th century to exist in an orbit between Mercury and the Sun. Coined by Jacques Bobinet


lexentry: eng/Vulcan_salute__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Vulcan salute
trans_list: Vulkánský pozdrav
sense:
A gesture of greeting among Star Trek fans, consisting of a raised hand with the palm forward and the thumb extended, and the fingers parted between the middle finger and ring finger.


lexentry: eng/Vulgar_Latin__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Vulgar Latin
trans_list: vulgární latina
sense:
(linguistics, historical) The Latin language as spoken by the Roman people, as opposed to Classical Latin as written in formal literature. Developed into Proto-Romance and descendant languages in the Early Middle Ages.


lexentry: eng/Võro__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Võro
trans_list: võruština
sense:
A language belonging to the Finnic branch of the Uralic languages. It is sometimes considered a dialect of Estonian.


lexentry: eng/Wadden_Sea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Wadden Sea
trans_list: Waddenzee
sense:
A shallow and narrow sea peripheral to the North Sea, situated between the Frisian Islands and the mainland coasts of Denmark, Germany and the Netherlands.


lexentry: eng/Wahhabism__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Wahhabism
trans_list: wahhábismus
sense:
(Islam) A Sunni Islamic fundamentalist reform movement based on the teachings of Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab (c. 1703–1792), followed primarily in Saudi Arabia and Qatar.


lexentry: eng/Wallis_and_Futuna__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Wallis and Futuna
trans_list: Wallis a Futuna
sense:
An archipelago and overseas territory of France in Oceania. Official name: Territory of the Wallis and Futuna Islands.


lexentry: eng/Wallonia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Wallonia
trans_list: Valonsko
sense:
A federal region of southern Belgium where French and German are the official languages, and where Lorrain, Luxembourgish, Picard, Franconian and Walloon languages are also spoken.


lexentry: eng/Walloon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Walloon
trans_list: Wallonský
sense:
A Romance language traditionally spoken in parts of southern Belgium and a small strip of northern France (around Givet).


lexentry: eng/Warsaw_Pact__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Warsaw Pact
trans_list: Varšavská smlouva
sense:
(historical) A pact (long-term alliance treaty) signed on May 14, 1955 in Warsaw by the Soviet Union and its Communist military allies in Europe.


lexentry: eng/Warsaw_Uprising__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Warsaw Uprising
trans_list: varšavské povstání
sense:
(historical) a major World War II operation, in the summer of 1944, by the Polish underground resistance, led by the Home Army, to liberate Warsaw from German occupation.


lexentry: eng/Washington,_D.C.__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Washington, D.C.
trans_list: Washington, D.C.
sense:
The capital city of the United States, formally known as the District of Columbia. Abbreviated as D.C. or DC.


lexentry: eng/Watergate__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Watergate
trans_list: aféra Watergate
sense:
An American political scandal (beginning with a burglary in the Watergate Hotel in Washington, DC, in 1972) that eventually led to the resignation of US President Richard Nixon.


lexentry: eng/Way_of_the_Cross__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Way of the Cross
trans_list: křížová cesta
sense:
A series of pictures or statues depicting the Stations of the Cross, as laid out around a church, along a road etc.


lexentry: eng/Wednesday__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Wednesday
trans_list: středa
sense:
The fourth day of the week in many religious traditions, and the third day of the week in systems using the ISO 8601 norm; it follows Tuesday and precedes Thursday.


lexentry: eng/Weimar_Republic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Weimar Republic
trans_list: Výmarská republika
sense:
(history) The democratic regime of Germany from 1919 to the assumption of power by Adolf Hitler in 1933.


lexentry: eng/Wellington__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Wellington
trans_list: Wellington
sense:
(card games) In the game of nap, a bid that results in the bidder winning quadruple, or losing double, the amount staked.


lexentry: eng/Wellington_boots__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Wellington boots
trans_list: gumovka
sense:
(British) Waterproof rubber boots, intended to be worn in wet or muddy conditions. Short forms: wellies (singular welly or wellie)


lexentry: eng/Weltschmerz__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Weltschmerz
trans_list: světabol
sense:
An apathetic or pessimistic view of life; depression concerning or discomfort with the human condition or state of the world; mal du siècle, world-weariness.


lexentry: eng/Weser__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Weser
trans_list: Vezera
sense:
A river in northwestern Germany, the longest entirely in the country, flowing north from south Lower Saxony into the North Sea.


lexentry: eng/West_Asia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: West Asia
trans_list: Západní Asie
sense:
The westernmost geographic region of Asia, which includes Anatolia, the Arabian Peninsula, Iran, the Levant, Mesopotamia, the Sinai Peninsula, and Transcaucasia.


lexentry: eng/West_Bank__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: West Bank
trans_list: Západní břeh Jordánu
sense:
A Palestinian territory on the west bank of the Jordan river, claimed by and under the partial administration of State of Palestine, and illegally occupied by Israel.


lexentry: eng/West_Flanders__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: West Flanders
trans_list: Západní Flandry
sense:
The larger western part of the historic countship of Flanders, also comprising part of French Flanders (in northern France) and retaining a distinctive type of dialects


lexentry: eng/West_Frisian__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: West Frisian
trans_list: fríské jazyky
sense:
A language spoken mostly in the province of Friesland, in the north of the Netherlands; one of the Frisian languages (or language varieties).


lexentry: eng/West_Germany__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: West Germany
trans_list: Západní Německo
sense:
(historical, 1949–1990) A former country in Central Europe, distinguished from the German Democratic Republic, commonly known as East Germany. Official name: Federal Republic of Germany.


lexentry: eng/West_Slavic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: West Slavic
trans_list: západoslovanský
sense:
A subgrouping of the Slavic language family spoken mainly in Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Lusatia (a small area in Germany).


lexentry: eng/West__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: West
trans_list: Okcident | Západ
sense:
The western world; i.e. Western Europe, the US and Canada (sometimes includes Latin America), and Australia and New Zealand.


lexentry: eng/Western_Australia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Western Australia
trans_list: Západní Austrálie
sense:
A state of Australia, occupying the western third of the continent; a former British colony until 1901. Capital: Perth.


lexentry: eng/Western_Sahara__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Western Sahara
trans_list: Západní Sahara
sense:
A territory and former Spanish colony in North Africa, now mostly occupied by Morocco, which claims ownership over the territory.


lexentry: eng/Western_Wall__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Western Wall
trans_list: Zeď nářků | Západní zeď
sense:
(Judaism) An ancient wall on the western side of the Temple Mount in Jerusalem, remnant of the Jewish Second Temple. It is the holiest site in Judaism.


lexentry: eng/Western__Adjective__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: Western
trans_list: západ
sense:
Of or pertaining to a certain genre of film, television, literature, and so on, dealing with the American Old West.


lexentry: eng/Westernism__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Westernism
trans_list: západnictví
sense:
(historical) An 19th-century intellectual ideology which saw Russia's development as dependent upon the adoption of Western European technology and liberal government.


lexentry: eng/Westernizer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Westernizer
trans_list: západník
sense:
(historical) A member of a group of 19th-century intellectuals who believed that Russia's development depended upon the adoption of Western European technology and liberal government.


lexentry: eng/Westminster_Abbey__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Westminster Abbey
trans_list: Westminsterské opatství
sense:
A large Gothic church, on the scale of a cathedral, next to the Houses of Parliament in London; the traditional place of coronation and burial of English monarchs.


lexentry: eng/Westphalia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Westphalia
trans_list: Vestfálsko
sense:
(politics) Westfalen, a subdivision (“Landschaftsverband”) of the state of North Rhine-Westphalia in Germany.


lexentry: eng/Westphalian__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Westphalian
trans_list: Vestfálec
sense:
A native or inhabitant of Westphalia, a geographic region, part of the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.


lexentry: eng/Wheel_of_Fortune__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Wheel of Fortune
trans_list: kolo štěstí
sense:
(tarot) A tarot card with an image of Fortuna's wheel (sense 1), generally the tenth of 22 trumps of the major arcana in most tarot decks.


lexentry: eng/White's_thrush__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: White's thrush
trans_list: drozd pestrý
sense:
A thrush found mainly in eastern Asia and Siberia and rare vagrant to western Europe, of species Zoothera aurea (or formerly, sometimes of subspecies Zoothera dauma aurea).


lexentry: eng/Whitsunday__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Whitsunday
trans_list: Svatodušní svátky | letnice
sense:
(Christianity) The Sunday on which the feast or festival of Pentecost falls, seven weeks after Easter.


lexentry: eng/Wi-Fi__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Wi-Fi
trans_list: Wi-Fi | bezdrátové připojení
sense:
(networking, uncountable) Any of several standards for short-range wireless data transmission (IEEE 802.11).


lexentry: eng/Wicca__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Wicca
trans_list: magie
sense:
A neopagan religion that was first popularized by books written in 1949, 1954, and 1959 by Englishman Gerald Gardner, involving the worship of a horned male god and a moon goddess, the observance of eight Sabbats, and the performance of various rituals.


lexentry: eng/Wikipedian__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Wikipedian
trans_list: wikipedistka | wikipedista
sense:
(WMF) A person who contributes to Wikipedia, especially a regular contributor well versed in the ways of the website.


lexentry: eng/Wiktionary__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Wiktionary
trans_list: Wikislovník | Wikcionář
sense:
A particular version of this dictionary project, written in a certain language, such as the English-language Wiktionary (often known simply as the English Wiktionary).


lexentry: eng/Wild_West__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Wild West
trans_list: bordel
sense:
(by extension) A place or situation in which disorderly behavior prevails, especially due to a lack of regulatory oversight or an inadequate legal system.


lexentry: eng/Wilson's_disease__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Wilson's disease
trans_list: Wilsonova choroba
sense:
(medicine) An autosomal-recessive genetic disorder in which copper accumulates in tissues, resulting in neurological or psychiatric symptoms and liver disease.


lexentry: eng/Winnie_the_Pooh__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Winnie the Pooh
trans_list: medvídek Pů
sense:
A talking bear from an English children's book series carrying the same name, noted for his sweet, simple nature, and his love of honey.


lexentry: eng/Wisdom_of_Solomon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Wisdom of Solomon
trans_list: Kniha Moudrosti | Moudrost Šalomounova
sense:
A book of the Catholic and Eastern Orthodox canon of the Old Testament, considered apocryphal by Protestants.


lexentry: eng/Woden__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Woden
trans_list: Wodan
sense:
The Germanic chief god, distributor of talents and god of wisdom and war (corresponding to Odin), especially in his Anglo-Saxon form.


lexentry: eng/Worcestershire_sauce__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Worcestershire sauce
trans_list: Worcestrová omáčka
sense:
An English condiment made with vinegar, onions, garlic, etc.; a thin piquant sauce used as a table sauce, to flavour casseroles etc. and as an ingredient in Bloody Marys.


lexentry: eng/World_Bank__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: World Bank
trans_list: Světová banka
sense:
A group of five financial organizations whose purpose is economic development and the elimination of poverty.


lexentry: eng/World_Exposition__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: World Exposition
trans_list: Světová výstava
sense:
Any of various large international expositions held since the mid 19th century, often called "Expo".


lexentry: eng/World_Trade_Organization__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: World Trade Organization
trans_list: Světová obchodní organizace
sense:
An international organization designed by its founders to supervise and liberalize international trade.


lexentry: eng/World_War_II__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: World War II
trans_list: druhá světová válka
sense:
(history) The war from 1939 to 1945 of the Allied forces, including the United Kingdom, the Soviet Union, the United States, France, and China, against the Axis Powers, including Germany, Italy, and Japan.


lexentry: eng/World_War_I__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: World War I
trans_list: první světová válka
sense:
(history) The war from 1914 to 1918 between the Entente Powers of the British Empire, Russian Empire, France, Italy, the United States and other allied nations, against the Central Powers represented by the German Empire, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire, and Bulgaria.


lexentry: eng/World_Wide_Web__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: World Wide Web
trans_list: síť
sense:
(Internet) Usually preceded by the: collectively, all of the hypertext documents (web pages) on the Internet stored in different computers around the world that hyperlink to each other and to other kinds of media, and are typically retrieved by the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) and Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS).


lexentry: eng/Wrocław__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Wrocław
trans_list: Vratislav
sense:
A city, located in Silesia in what is now southwestern Poland. (At different points in history, the city has been part of Bohemia, Prussia, Germany, and Poland.)


lexentry: eng/Wu__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Wu
trans_list: u
sense:
(historic) The kingdom ruled by the Ji family from Wuxi and then Suzhou during the Spring and Autumn period of China's Zhou dynasty.


lexentry: eng/Wu__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Wu
trans_list: u
sense:
The family of Chinese languages spoken in that region, including Shanghainese and Suzhounese, the second-most spoken family after Mandarin.


lexentry: eng/Wyandot__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Wyandot
trans_list: fretka
sense:
A member of a Native American people, formed from the Huron confederacy, that lived in and around Ohio.


lexentry: eng/X-ray__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: X-ray
trans_list: rentgen | rentgenové záření | rentgenový paprsek
sense:
Short wavelength electromagnetic radiation usually produced by bombarding a metal target in a vacuum. Used to create images of the internal structure of objects; this is possible because X-rays pass through most objects and can expose photographic film.


lexentry: eng/XHTML__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: XHTML
trans_list: XHTML
sense:
Initialism of w:Extensible Hypertext Markup Language, a reformulation of HTML as an XML application.


lexentry: eng/Xavier__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Xavier
trans_list: Xaver
sense:
Any of various notable people with this name as given name or surname, especially Saint Francis Xavier, a Spanish Catholic saint and missionary (1506–1552).


lexentry: eng/Xenophon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Xenophon
trans_list: Xenofón
sense:
Athenian historian and philosopher born 427 B.C.E. and author of the Anabasis and Memorabilia. He was a pupil of Socrates and became a general during the Persian wars.


lexentry: eng/Xinjiang__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Xinjiang
trans_list: Sin-ťiang
sense:
A Uyghur autonomous region of China, located in the sparsely populated northwest. Official name: Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. Capital: Ürümqi.


lexentry: eng/YHWH__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: YHWH
trans_list: Jahve
sense:
Known as the "Tetragrammaton", the four Hebrew letters יהוה which are transliterated into the Latin alphabet as YHWH (also IHVH, JHVH, or YHVH). Usually vowels are added to produce the spelling Jehovah, Yehovah or Yahweh (Jahaveh, Jahve, Jahveh, Jahweh, Yahve, Yahveh, Yahwe).


lexentry: eng/Y_chromosome__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Y chromosome
trans_list: Y chromozom
sense:
(genetics) A mammalian sex chromosome, occurring only in male cells. Cells of females have a pair of X chromosomes while cells of males have an X and a Y.


lexentry: eng/Yangon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Yangon
trans_list: Rangún
sense:
The largest city and former capital of Myanmar; formerly, Rangoon (19th–21st c.), Dagon (16th–18th c.), and Dagoon (rare).


lexentry: eng/Yangtze__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Yangtze
trans_list: Jang-c'-ťiang
sense:
The chief river of central China and the third longest river in the world, flowing a total of 6300 km.


lexentry: eng/Yankee__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: Yankee
trans_list: Yankee
sense:
(chiefly southern, _, Louisiana) An Anglo, as opposed to someone with French ancestry; a native or inhabitant of the rest of the United States.


lexentry: eng/Yekaterinburg__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Yekaterinburg
trans_list: Jekatěrinburg
sense:
A city, the administrative center of Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia, the fifth-largest in the country by population.


lexentry: eng/Yellow_River__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Yellow River
trans_list: Chuang-che | Žlutá řeka
sense:
The chief river of the North China Plain, the second-longest river in China and sixth-longest river system on Earth, historically prone to massive floods which repeatedly drastically changed its course; it passes through Qinghai, Sichuan, Gansu, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Henan and Shandong provinces as well as Ningxia and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Regions.


lexentry: eng/Yenisei__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Yenisei
trans_list: Jenisej
sense:
A river in Russia, the longest river of Siberia. It flows from south to north into the Arctic Ocean, splitting Siberia in two parts: the Eastern Siberia and the Western Siberia.


lexentry: eng/Yevpatoria__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Yevpatoria
trans_list: Jevpatorija
sense:
A resort city and raion in Crimea, internationally recognized as part of Ukraine but de facto in Russia. It is located on the Black Sea coast.


lexentry: eng/Yggdrasil__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Yggdrasil
trans_list: Yggdrasil
sense:
(Norse mythology) An immense ash tree that is central in Norse cosmology, believed to connect the nine worlds.


lexentry: eng/Yiddish__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Yiddish
trans_list: jidiš
sense:
A West Germanic, or more specifically High German, language that developed from Middle High German dialects, with an admixture of vocabulary from multiple source languages including Hebrew-Aramaic, Romance, Slavic, English, etc., and mostly written in Hebrew characters which is used mainly among Ashkenazic Jews from central and eastern Europe.


lexentry: eng/Yom_Kippur__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Yom Kippur
trans_list: Jom kipur
sense:
(Judaism) A particular Jewish holiday, the day of atonement, falling on the tenth day of the Hebrew month of Tishrei.


lexentry: eng/Yoruba__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Yoruba
trans_list: Yoruba
sense:
A sub-Saharan language. It belongs to the Benue-Congo branch of the Niger-Congo language family, and has nearly 40 million speakers in Nigeria, Benin, Togo, and Sierra Leone, as well as communities in The United States, Brazil and Cuba.


lexentry: eng/Yoruba__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Yoruba
trans_list: náboženství
sense:
An African traditional religion which spawned various offshoots in the Americas in the 15th to 19th centuries, including santería and Lucumí. (See Yoruba religion.)


lexentry: eng/Young_Poland__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Young Poland
trans_list: Mladé Polsko
sense:
(historical) The modernist period in Polish visual arts, literature, and music which lasted from the end of the 19th century to 1918.


lexentry: eng/Your_Excellency__Pronoun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Your Excellency
trans_list: pan
sense:
(formal) A title of respect used when addressing heads of state other than monarchs, heads of government, governors, ambassadors, certain ecclesiastics, royalty, and others holding equivalent rank.


lexentry: eng/Your_Majesty__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Your Majesty
trans_list: Vaše Veličenstvo
sense:
(formal) A term of address used in direct address to a monarch of higher rank than a prince, such as a king, queen, emperor, or empress.


lexentry: eng/Yucatán__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Yucatán
trans_list: Yucatán
sense:
A peninsula in North America incorporating the Mexican states of Yucatán, Campeche, and Quintana Roo as well as Belize and northeastern Guatemala.


lexentry: eng/Yugoslavia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Yugoslavia
trans_list: Jugoslávie
sense:
(historical) A former country in Southeast Europe in the Balkans, now split into 7 countries: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, North Macedonia, Montenegro, Kosovo, Serbia, and Slovenia.


lexentry: eng/Yule__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Yule
trans_list: Vánoce
sense:
Christmastide, the Christmas season, the Twelve Days of Christmas (between December 25th and January 5th).


lexentry: eng/Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk
trans_list: Južno-Sachalinsk
sense:
A city, the administrative centre of Sakhalin Oblast, on Sakhalin Island, in the Far East of Russia.


lexentry: eng/Zaire__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Zaire
trans_list: Zair
sense:
(historical) Former name of the Democratic Republic of the Congo: a country in Central Africa; used from 1971–1997.


lexentry: eng/Zaporizhzhia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Zaporizhzhia
trans_list: Záporoží
sense:
An industrial city and urban hromada, the administrative center of Zaporizhzhia Raion and Zaporizhzhia Oblast, in south-central Ukraine, on the Dnipro River.


lexentry: eng/Zechariah__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Zechariah
trans_list: Zachariáš
sense:
(biblical character) A Hebrew prophet traditionally considered the author of the Book of Zechariah, the eleventh of the Twelve Minor Prophets.


lexentry: eng/Zen__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Zen
trans_list: zen
sense:
(religion) A school of Mahayana Buddhism characterized by sudden enlightenment achieved by indirect means and principally associated with China and Japan.


lexentry: eng/Zephyrus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Zephyrus
trans_list: Zefyros
sense:
(Greek god) The Ancient Greek god of the west wind, supposed to be the gentlest of the winds and the messenger of spring. His parents are Eos/Aurora and Astraeus, and his brothers are Boreas, Notus and Eurus, (the Anemoi), and the Astra Planeta. His wife is Chloris and their son is Karpos. His Roman counterpart is Favonius.


lexentry: eng/Zeppelin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Zeppelin
trans_list: zepelín
sense:
(aviation) A type of large dirigible rigid airship of the early 20th century, built by the German Luftschiffbau Zeppelin and designed to carry passengers or bombs.


lexentry: eng/Zimbabwe__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Zimbabwe
trans_list: Zimbabwe
sense:
A country in Southern Africa. Official name: Republic of Zimbabwe. Formerly called Southern Rhodesia or Rhodesia.


lexentry: eng/Zion__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Zion
trans_list: Sión | Sijón
sense:
(biblical) A hill in Jerusalem, Israel, on which ancient Jerusalem was partly built; a centrepiece to Biblical accounts of old days and future eschatological events.


lexentry: eng/Zionism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Zionism
trans_list: sionismus
sense:
(politics) Jewish nationalism, the movement which supported first the reestablishment of a Jewish homeland and now supports the continuation of a Jewish state in Israel.


lexentry: eng/Zmiivka__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Zmiivka
trans_list: Zmijivka
sense:
Former name of Kidosh: a village in Berehove urban hromada, Berehove Raion, Zakarpattia Oblast, Ukraine; used from 1946 to 1991, first mentioned in 1332.


lexentry: eng/Zouave__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Zouave
trans_list: zuáv
sense:
(military, historical) One of a body of soldiers in the French service, originally Kabyle, but now composed of Frenchmen who wear the Kabyle dress.


lexentry: eng/Zulu__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Zulu
trans_list: zulský
sense:
A member of an African ethnic group living mainly in the KwaZulu-Natal Province in eastern South Africa.


lexentry: eng/a.m.__Adverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: a.m.
trans_list: dopoledne
sense:
(used after the hour) In the 12-hour period from midnight to noon (the first half of the day) when using the 12-hour clock.


lexentry: eng/a_bad_penny_always_turns_up__Proverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: a bad penny always turns up
trans_list: čert nikdy nespí
sense:
A person or thing which is unpleasant, dishonorable, or unwanted tends to appear (or reappear), especially at inopportune times.


lexentry: eng/a_few__Determiner__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: a few
trans_list: několik
sense:
A small number of (a set of countable items); more than one but not very many; especially, more than two but not very many (explained in usage note at several).


lexentry: eng/a_hit_dog_will_holler__Proverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: a hit dog will holler
trans_list: potrefená husa nejvíc kejhá
sense:
(US) An offended or defensive response to a statement suggests that the statement applies to the person complaining.


lexentry: eng/a_stitch_in_time_saves_nine__Proverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: a stitch in time saves nine
trans_list: co můžeš udělat dnes, neodkládej na zítra
sense:
A little effort expended sooner to fix a small problem prevents it from becoming a larger problem requiring more effort to fix later.


lexentry: eng/a_stopped_clock_is_right_twice_a_day__Proverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: a stopped clock is right twice a day
trans_list: i slepá slepice někdy zrnko najde
sense:
A normally unreliable person or instrument can occasionally provide correct information, even if only by accident.


lexentry: eng/aardvark__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aardvark
trans_list: hrabáč kapský | hrabáč
sense:
The nocturnal, insectivorous primarily eating ants and termites, burrowing, mammal Orycteropus afer, of the order Tubulidentata, somewhat resembling a pig, common in some parts of sub-Saharan Africa. [from late 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/aardwolf__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aardwolf
trans_list: hyena cibetková | hyenka hřivnatá
sense:
A nocturnal, insectivorous mammal, Proteles cristatus, of southern and eastern Africa, related to and resembling the hyena. [First attested in the mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/ab_initio__Adverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ab initio
trans_list: počátek
sense:
(legal) From the time when a law, legal right or decree, contract, ownership interest, partnership (etc.) comes into force. [Early 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/aba__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: aba
trans_list: abája
sense:
A loose-fitting sleeveless garment, made from aba or silk, worn by Arabs. [First attested in the early 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abaca__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abaca
trans_list: manilské konopí
sense:
(uncountable) The fiber of this plant, used in rope, fibers, and cloth. [First attested in the mid 18th century.]


lexentry: eng/aback__Adverb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: aback
trans_list: s větrem z přídě
sense:
(nautical) Backward against the mast; said of the sails when pressed by the wind from the "wrong" (forward) side, or of a ship when its sails are set that way. [First attested in the late 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/abacus__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abacus
trans_list: abakus | počítadlo
sense:
A device used for performing arithmetical calculations; (rare) a table on which loose counters are placed, or (more commonly) an instrument with beads sliding on rods, or counters in grooves, with one row of beads or counters representing units, the next tens, etc. [from late 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/abacus__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: abacus
trans_list: abakus
sense:
(architecture) The uppermost portion of the capital of a column immediately under the architrave, in some cases a flat oblong or square slab, in others more decorated. [from mid 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/abaft__Preposition__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abaft
trans_list: na zádi
sense:
(nautical) Behind; toward the stern relative to some other object or position; aft of. [First attested around the late 15th century.]


lexentry: eng/abalone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abalone
trans_list: ušeň
sense:
(North America, Australia, Hong Kong) An edible univalve mollusc of the genus Haliotis, having a shell lined with mother-of-pearl. [mid 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/abandon__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abandon
trans_list: vzdát se | vzdávat se
sense:
(transitive) To give up or relinquish control of, to surrender or to give oneself over, or to yield to one's emotions. [First attested from around (1350 to 1470)]


lexentry: eng/abandon__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abandon
trans_list: opustit | nechat | opouštět
sense:
(transitive) To desist in doing, practicing, following, holding, or adhering to; to turn away from; to permit to lapse; to renounce; to discontinue. [First attested from around (1350 to 1470)]


lexentry: eng/abandoned__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abandoned
trans_list: opuštěný
sense:
No longer maintained by its former owners, residents, or caretakers; forsaken, deserted. [Late 15th century]


lexentry: eng/abandonment__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abandonment
trans_list: opuštění
sense:
The act of abandoning, or the state of being abandoned; total desertion; relinquishment. [Late 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/abase__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abase
trans_list: pokořit | ponížit
sense:
(transitive) To lower, as in condition in life, office, rank, etc., so as to cause pain or hurt feelings; to degrade, to depress, to humble, to humiliate. [from c. 1350–1470]


lexentry: eng/abash__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abash
trans_list: zahanbit
sense:
(transitive) To make ashamed; to embarrass; to destroy the self-possession of, as by exciting suddenly a consciousness of guilt, mistake, or inferiority; to disconcert; to discomfit. [First attested from around (1150 to 1350).]


lexentry: eng/abate__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abate
trans_list: odečíst | odpočítat | srazit
sense:
To lower in price or value; (law) specifically, of a bequest in a will: to lower in value because the testator's estate is insufficient to satisfy all the bequests in full. [from early 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/abatement__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abatement
trans_list: snížení
sense:
The act of abating, or the state of being abated; a lessening, diminution, or reduction; a moderation; removal or putting an end to; the suppression. [First attested from 1340 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/abbacy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abbacy
trans_list: opatství
sense:
The dignity, estate, term, or jurisdiction of an abbot or abbess. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/abbess__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abbess
trans_list: abatyše
sense:
A female superior or governess of a nunnery, or convent of nuns, having the same authority over the nuns which the abbots have over the monks. [First attested around 1150 to 1350]


lexentry: eng/abbey__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abbey
trans_list: opatství
sense:
A monastery or society of people, secluded from the world and devoted to religion and celibacy, which is headed by an abbot or abbess; also, the monastic building or buildings. [First attested around 1150 to 1350.]


lexentry: eng/abbreviate__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: abbreviate
trans_list: zkracovat | zkrátit
sense:
(transitive) To make shorter; to shorten (in time); to abridge; to shorten by ending sooner than planned. [First attested from around (1350 to 1470).]


lexentry: eng/abbreviation__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abbreviation
trans_list: zkratka | zkrácení
sense:
(linguistics) A shortened or contracted form of a word or phrase used to represent the whole, using omission of letters, and sometimes substitution of letters, or duplication of initial letters to signify plurality, including signs such as +, =, @. [Late 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/abbreviature__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: abbreviature
trans_list: zkratka
sense:
A shortened form of a word or phrase, used in place of the whole; an abbreviation. [since the mid 17th century]


lexentry: eng/abdicate__Verb__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: abdicate
trans_list: abdikovat | odstoupit
sense:
(transitive) To surrender, renounce or relinquish, as sovereign power; to withdraw definitely from filling or exercising, as a high office, station, dignity; to fail to fulfill responsibility for. [from mid 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/abdicate__Verb__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: abdicate
trans_list: abdikovat
sense:
(intransitive) To relinquish or renounce a throne, or other high office or dignity; to renounce sovereignty. [First attested in the early 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/abdication__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abdication
trans_list: abdikace
sense:
The act of abdicating; the renunciation of a high office, dignity, or trust, by its holder. [First attested in the early 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/abdomen__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: abdomen
trans_list: břicho
sense:
(anatomy) The cavity of the belly, which is lined by the peritoneum, and contains the viscera; often restricted in humans to the part between the diaphragm and the commencement of the pelvis, the remainder being called the pelvic cavity. [from early 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/abdominal_cavity__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abdominal cavity
trans_list: dutina břišní
sense:
(anatomy) The hollow portion of the torso within the abdomen, containing the abdominal organs, in mammals below the diaphragm.


lexentry: eng/abdominoplasty__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abdominoplasty
trans_list: abdominoplastika
sense:
(surgery, uncountable) The surgical removal of excess flesh from the abdomen, usually for cosmetic reasons.


lexentry: eng/abducens_nerve__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abducens nerve
trans_list: odtahující nerv
sense:
(neuroanatomy) Each of the sixth pair of cranial nerves that are the motor nerves supplying the lateral rectus in the eye. [19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abduct__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abduct
trans_list: unést
sense:
(transitive) To take away by force; to carry away (a human being) wrongfully and usually with violence or deception; to kidnap. [Early 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/abduction__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abduction
trans_list: abdukce
sense:
(anatomy) The act of abducing or abducting; a drawing apart; the movement which separates a limb or other part from the axis, or middle line, of the body. [from mid-17th century.]


lexentry: eng/abecedary__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abecedary
trans_list: abeceda
sense:
One that teaches or learns the alphabet or the fundamentals of any subject; abecedarian. [from late 16th century]


lexentry: eng/abelian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abelian
trans_list: Abelova | abelovská | komutativní
sense:
(mathematics) Of an algebraic structure (usually a group or algebra), having a commutative defining operation. [Mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/aberrance__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aberrance
trans_list: odchylka
sense:
State of being aberrant; a wandering from the right way; deviation from truth, rectitude. [Mid 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/aberrant__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: aberrant
trans_list: scestný
sense:
(sometimes, figuratively) Straying from the right way; deviating from morality or truth. [First attested in the mid 18th century.]


lexentry: eng/aberrant__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: aberrant
trans_list: aberující
sense:
(botany, zoology) Deviating from the ordinary or natural type; exceptional; abnormal. [First attested in the mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/aberration__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: aberration
trans_list: aberace
sense:
(optics) The convergence to different foci, by a lens or mirror, of rays of light emanating from one and the same point, or the deviation of such rays from a single focus; a defect in a focusing mechanism that prevents the intended focal point. [Mid 18th century.]


lexentry: eng/aberration__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: aberration
trans_list: aberace
sense:
(astronomy) A small periodical change of the apparent positions of the stars and other heavenly bodies, due to the combined effect of the motion of light and the motion of the observer. [Mid 18th century.]


lexentry: eng/aberration__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: aberration
trans_list: aberace
sense:
(zoology, botany) Atypical development or structure; deviation from the normal type; an aberrant organ. [Mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abet__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abet
trans_list: napomáhat | navádět | podněcovat | pomáhat
sense:
(transitive, crime) To incite; to assist or encourage by aid or countenance in crime. [ca. 1350–1470]


lexentry: eng/abet__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abet
trans_list: napomáhat | podporovat | umožňovat
sense:
(transitive) To support, countenance, maintain, uphold, or aid (any good cause, opinion, or action). [late 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/abhor__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abhor
trans_list: nenávidět
sense:
(transitive) To regard (someone or something) as horrifying or detestable; to feel great repugnance toward. [First attested from around (1350 to 1470).]


lexentry: eng/abhorrence__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abhorrence
trans_list: nenávist
sense:
(uncountable, countable) Extreme aversion or detestation; the feeling of utter dislike or loathing. [Mid 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/abide__Verb__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: abide
trans_list: bydlet
sense:
(intransitive, archaic, Scotland) To stay; to continue in a place; to remain stable or fixed in some state or condition; to be left. [from ca. 1150—1350]


lexentry: eng/abide__Verb__1
sense_num: 11
written_rep: abide
trans_list: bydlet
sense:
(transitive, obsolete) To endure or undergo a hard trial or a task; to stand up under. [from ca. 1150—1350 to early 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/abide__Verb__1
sense_num: 12
written_rep: abide
trans_list: bydlet
sense:
(transitive, archaic) To await submissively; accept without question; submit to. [from ca. 1350—1470]


lexentry: eng/abide_by__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abide by
trans_list: poslouchat
sense:
(transitive) To accept (a decision or law) and act in accordance with it; to conform to (a decision or law); to acquiesce to (a decision or law).


lexentry: eng/ability__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: ability
trans_list: schopnost
sense:
(uncountable) The quality or state of being able; capacity to do or of doing something; having the necessary power. [First attested from around (1350 to 1470).]


lexentry: eng/abiogenesis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abiogenesis
trans_list: abiogeneze
sense:
(evolutionary theory) The origination of living organisms from lifeless matter; such genesis as does not involve the action of living parents. [from 1870]


lexentry: eng/abiotic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abiotic
trans_list: abiotický
sense:
Nonliving, inanimate, characterised by the absence of life; of inorganic matter. [Mid 20th century.]


lexentry: eng/abiotrophy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abiotrophy
trans_list: abiotrofie
sense:
(medicine) Premature degeneration of cells or tissues, especially with genetic causes; loss of function of organ or cell, not due to injury.


lexentry: eng/abject__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abject
trans_list: ubohý
sense:
Existing in or sunk to a low condition, position, or state; contemptible, despicable, miserable. [from early 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/abject__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: abject
trans_list: ohavný
sense:
Of a person: cast down in hope or spirit; showing utter helplessness, hopelessness, or resignation; also, grovelling; ingratiating; servile. [from mid 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/abject__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abject
trans_list: bídník
sense:
A person in the lowest and most despicable condition; an oppressed person; an outcast; also, such people as a class. [from early 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/abjuration__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abjuration
trans_list: abjurace
sense:
A solemn recantation or renunciation on oath; as, an abjuration of heresy. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/abjure__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abjure
trans_list: zříci se | odvolat | vzdát se | zavrhnout
sense:
(historical) To renounce (something) upon oath; to forswear; specifically, to recant or retract (a heresy or some other opinion); to withdraw. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/abjure__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abjure
trans_list: zříci se | odvolat | vzdát se | zavrhnout
sense:
To solemnly reject (someone or something); to abandon (someone or something) forever; to disavow, to disclaim, to repudiate. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/ablation__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: ablation
trans_list: eroze
sense:
(sciences) The progressive removal of material by any of a variety of processes such as melting or vaporization under heat or chipping. [Mid 20th century.]


lexentry: eng/ablative__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ablative
trans_list: ablativ
sense:
(grammar) Applied to one of the cases of the noun in some languages, the fundamental meaning of the case being removal, separation, or taking away, and to a lesser degree, instrument, place, accordance, specifications, price, or measurement. [First attested from around (1350 to 1470).]


lexentry: eng/ablative_case__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ablative case
trans_list: ablativ
sense:
(grammar) A noun case used in some languages to indicate movement away from something, removal, separation. In English grammar, it corresponds roughly to the use in English of prepositions "of", "from", "away from", and "concerning". In Latin grammar, the ablative case (cāsus ablātīvus) includes functions derived from the Indo-European ablative, instrumental, comitative, associative and locative cases; these cases express concepts similar to those of the English prepositions "of"/"from", "by", "with", "to"/"with", and "at"/"in", respectively. Here/hence/hither, there/thence/thither, and where/whence/whither are the only English words with separate forms for the ablative (motion away from) and lative (motion towards) cases.


lexentry: eng/ablaut__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ablaut
trans_list: střída | kmenostup
sense:
(phonology) The substitution of one root vowel for another, thus indicating a corresponding modification of use or meaning; vowel permutation, distinct from the phonetic influence of a succeeding vowel. [Mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/able__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: able
trans_list: schopný
sense:
Free from constraints preventing completion of task; permitted to; not prevented from. [First attested from around (1350 to 1470).]


lexentry: eng/able__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: able
trans_list: schopný
sense:
Gifted with skill, intelligence, knowledge, or competence. [First attested in the mid 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/ablution__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ablution
trans_list: mytí | omývání
sense:
The act of washing or cleansing the body, or some part of it, as a religious rite. [From mid 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/abnormal__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abnormal
trans_list: abnormální
sense:
Not conforming to rule or system; deviating from the usual or normal type. [First attested around the mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abnormal__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abnormal
trans_list: abnormální
sense:
Of or pertaining to that which is irregular, in particular, behaviour that deviates from norms of social propriety or accepted standards of mental health. [First attested around the early 20th century.]


lexentry: eng/abnormality__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abnormality
trans_list: abnormalita
sense:
The state or quality of being abnormal; variation; irregularity. [First attested in the mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abnormality__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abnormality
trans_list: abnormalita
sense:
Something abnormal; an aberration; an abnormal occurrence or feature. [First attested in the mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abnormally__Adverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abnormally
trans_list: abnormální
sense:
In an abnormal manner; in a way that deviates from a standard, norm, or average. [First attested in the mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abode__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abode
trans_list: byt
sense:
(dated, or, legal) Stay or continuance in a place; sojourn. [Attested from (1350 to 1470) to the mid 18th century.]


lexentry: eng/abolitionism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abolitionism
trans_list: abolicionismus
sense:
Support for the abolition of something; the tenets of abolitionists. [First attested in the early 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abomasum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abomasum
trans_list: slez
sense:
(biology, food) The fourth digestive compartment of the stomach of a cow or other ruminant, after the omasum;the lining of said compartment, considered as a foodstuff.


lexentry: eng/abominable__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abominable
trans_list: odporný | hnusný | ohavný | strašný
sense:
Worthy of, or causing, abhorrence, as a thing of evil omen; odious in the utmost degree; very hateful; detestable; loathsome; execrable. [first attested around 1150 to 1350]


lexentry: eng/abonnement__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abonnement
trans_list: abonmá
sense:
A subscription or season ticket in a French-speaking country or another country where abonnement is the local term. [First attested in the late 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/aboriginal__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aboriginal
trans_list: místní
sense:
First according to historical or scientific records; original; indigenous; primitive. [First attested in the mid 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/aborigine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aborigine
trans_list: domorodec
sense:
A native inhabitant of a country; a member of the original people. [First attested in the early 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abort__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abort
trans_list: potratit
sense:
(transitive, intransitive) To cause a premature termination of (a fetus); to end a pregnancy before term. [Attested since at least the 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abort__Verb__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: abort
trans_list: potratit
sense:
(transitive, biology) To cause an organism to develop minimally; to cause rudimentary development to happen; to prevent maturation. [First attested in the mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abortion__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abortion
trans_list: potrat | interrupce
sense:
(medicine) The expulsion from the womb of a foetus or embryo before it is fully developed, with loss of the foetus.[from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/abortion__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: abortion
trans_list: potrat | interrupce
sense:
(biology) Arrest of development of any organ, so that it remains an imperfect formation or is absorbed. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/abortive__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abortive
trans_list: interrupce
sense:
(obsolete) Someone or something born or brought forth prematurely; an abortion. [Attested from around (1150 to 1350) until the mid 18th century.]


lexentry: eng/abound__Verb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: abound
trans_list: hojně se vyskytovat
sense:
(intransitive) To be present or available in large numbers or quantities; to be plentiful. [First attested from around (1350 to 1470).]


lexentry: eng/about-turn__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: about-turn
trans_list: čelem vzad
sense:
(British, military) A turn of 180 degrees, typically in a military formation[First attested in the mid 20th century.].


lexentry: eng/about__Adverb__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: about
trans_list: asi | přibližně
sense:
Nearly; approximately; with close correspondence in quality, manner, degree, quantity, or time; almost. [from before 1150]


lexentry: eng/about_to__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: about to
trans_list: chtít
sense:
(idiomatic, with infinitive verb) Indicates something that will happen very soon; indicates action that is imminent; ready to; went to


lexentry: eng/above__Adverb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: above
trans_list: výše
sense:
Higher in the same page; earlier in the order as far as writing products go. [first attested before 1150.]


lexentry: eng/above__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: above
trans_list: vyšší
sense:
Something, especially a person's name in legal documents, that appears higher on the same page or on a preceding page.


lexentry: eng/abracadabra__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abracadabra
trans_list: simsalabim
sense:
A use of the mystical term ‘abracadabra’, supposed to work as part of a healing charm or a magical spell; any spell or incantation making use of the word. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/abrasion__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: abrasion
trans_list: odřenina
sense:
(medicine) A superficial wound caused by scraping; an area of skin where the cells on the surface have been scraped or worn away. [First attested in the mid 20th century.]


lexentry: eng/abrasive__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abrasive
trans_list: hrubý
sense:
Being rough and coarse in manner or disposition; overly aggressive and causing irritation. [First attested in 1925.]


lexentry: eng/abrasive__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abrasive
trans_list: brusivo
sense:
A hard inorganic substance or material consisting in powder or granule form such as sandpaper, pumice, or emery, used for cleaning, smoothing, or polishing. [First attested in the mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abreaction__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abreaction
trans_list: abreakce
sense:
(psychoanalysis) The re-living of an experience with a view to purging its emotional dross. [First attested in the early 20th century.]


lexentry: eng/abreast__Adverb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: abreast
trans_list: na výši | na úrovni
sense:
Followed by of or with: up to a certain level or line; equally advanced. [First attested in the mid 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/abridge__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: abridge
trans_list: krátit | zkrátit
sense:
(transitive) To make shorter; to shorten in duration or extent. [First attested from around (1350 to 1470)]


lexentry: eng/abridgment__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: abridgment
trans_list: odchod
sense:
(US) An epitome or compend, as of a book; a shortened or abridged form; an abbreviation. [First attested from around (1350 to 1470).]


lexentry: eng/abrogate__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abrogate
trans_list: zrušit
sense:
(transitive, law) To annul by an authoritative act; to abolish by the authority of the maker or their successor; to repeal; — applied to the repeal of laws, decrees, ordinances, the abolition of customs, etc. [First attested in the early 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/abrupt__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abrupt
trans_list: abruptní
sense:
Without notice to prepare the mind for the event; sudden; hasty; unceremonious. [First attested in the late 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/abruptly__Adverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abruptly
trans_list: najednou
sense:
In an abrupt manner; without giving notice, or without the usual forms; suddenly; precipitously. [First attested in the late 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/abscess__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abscess
trans_list: absces | hnisavý vřed
sense:
(pathology) A cavity caused by tissue destruction, usually because of infection, filled with pus and surrounded by inflamed tissue. [First attested in the mid 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/abscissa__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abscissa
trans_list: abscisa
sense:
(geometry) The first of the two terms by which a point is referred to, in a system of fixed rectilinear coordinate (Cartesian coordinate) axes. [First attested in the late 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/abseil__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abseil
trans_list: slanit | slaňovat
sense:
(intransitive) To descend a steep or vertical drop using a rope with a mechanical friction device or (classic abseil) by wrapping the rope around the body; to rappel. [First attested in the mid 20th century.]


lexentry: eng/absent-minded__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absent-minded
trans_list: roztržitý
sense:
Absent in mind; often preoccupied; forgetful or careless due to distraction; easily distracted. [First attested in the mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/absent-mindedness__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absent-mindedness
trans_list: roztržitost
sense:
The characteristic or state of being easily distracted or preoccupied. [First attested in the late 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/absent__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absent
trans_list: nepřítomný
sense:
(not comparable) Being away from a place; withdrawn from a place; existing but not present; (sometimes) missing. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/absentee__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absentee
trans_list: absentér
sense:
A person who is absent from his or her employment, school, post, duty, etc. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/absenteeism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absenteeism
trans_list: absence
sense:
The state of being absent, especially frequently or without good reason; the practice of an absentee. [First attested in the early 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/absinthe__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: absinthe
trans_list: absint | absinth
sense:
A distilled, highly alcoholic, anise-flavored liquor originally made from grande wormwood, anise, and other herbs. [from mid 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/absolute__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absolute
trans_list: absolutní | naprostý
sense:
Free of restrictions, limitations, qualifications or conditions; unconditional. [first attested in the late 1400s]


lexentry: eng/absolute__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: absolute
trans_list: absolutní
sense:
Free from imperfection, perfect, complete; especially, perfectly embodying a quality in its essential characteristics or to its highest degree. [first attested around 1400]


lexentry: eng/absolute__Adjective__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: absolute
trans_list: absolutní | naprostý
sense:
(especially, philosophy) Fundamental, ultimate, intrinsic; not relative; independent of references or relations to other things or standards. [first attested in the late 1700s]


lexentry: eng/absolute_humidity__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absolute humidity
trans_list: absolutní vlhkost
sense:
(meteorology) In a system of moist air, the ratio of the mass of water vapor present to the volume occupied by the mixture, that is, the density of the water vapor component. Absolute humidity is usually expressed in grams of water vapor per cubic meter or, in engineering practice, in grains per cubic foot. Because this measure of atmospheric humidity is not conservative with respect to adiabatic expansion or compression, it is not commonly used by meteorologists. (Also called vapor concentration and vapor density). See relative humidity.


lexentry: eng/absolute_value__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absolute value
trans_list: absolutní hodnota
sense:
(mathematics) For a complex number a+bi, the principal square root of the sum of the squares of its real and imaginary parts, \sqrt{a^2+b^2}. Denoted by vertical bars | \, |.


lexentry: eng/absolute_zero__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absolute zero
trans_list: absolutní nula
sense:
(physics) The coldest possible temperature, equivalent to zero on the Kelvin scale, or approximately −273.15 °C, −459.67 °F; a total absence of heat; the temperature at which the motion of all molecules would cease. [First attested in the early 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/absolution__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: absolution
trans_list: rozhřešení
sense:
An absolving, or setting free from guilt, sin, or penalty; forgiveness of an offense. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/absolution__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: absolution
trans_list: rozhřešení
sense:
(civil, _, legal, obsolete) An acquittal, or sentence of a judge declaring an accused person innocent. [First attested in the early 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/absolutism__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: absolutism
trans_list: absolutismus
sense:
(political science, sociology) The principles or practice of absolute or arbitrary government; Synonym of despotism. [First attested in the early 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/absolve__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absolve
trans_list: zbavit
sense:
(transitive) To set free, release or discharge (from obligations, debts, responsibility etc.). [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/absolve__Verb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: absolve
trans_list: osvobodit
sense:
(transitive, legal) To pronounce not guilty; to grant a pardon for. [First attested in the mid 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/absolve__Verb__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: absolve
trans_list: dokonat
sense:
(transitive, obsolete) To finish; to accomplish. [Attested from the late 16th century until the early 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/absorb__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absorb
trans_list: absorbovat | vstřebat | pohltit
sense:
(transitive) To include so that it no longer has separate existence; to overwhelm; to cause to disappear as if by swallowing up; to incorporate; to assimilate; to take in and use up. [first attested c. 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/absorb__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: absorb
trans_list: vstřebat
sense:
(transitive) To suck up; to drink in; to imbibe, like a sponge or as the lacteals of the body; to chemically take in. [first attested in the early 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/absorbed__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: absorbed
trans_list: pohlcený
sense:
That has been taken in, engulfed, imbibed, or assimilated. [First attested in the mid 18th century.]


lexentry: eng/abstain__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abstain
trans_list: zdržet | zdržet se
sense:
(intransitive) Refrain from (something or doing something); keep from doing, especially an indulgence. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/abstainer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abstainer
trans_list: abstinent
sense:
One who abstains; especially, one who abstains from something, such as the use of alcohol or drugs, or one who abstains for religious reasons; one who practices self-denial. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/abstemious__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abstemious
trans_list: abstinent
sense:
Refraining from freely consuming food or strong drink; sparing in diet; abstinent, temperate. [From early 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/abstention__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abstention
trans_list: abstence
sense:
(obsolete) The act of restraining oneself. [Attested from the early 16th century until the med 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/abstinence__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abstinence
trans_list: abstinence
sense:
Specifically, the practice of abstaining from intoxicating/alcoholic beverages; total abstinence; teetotalism). [First attested around 1150 to 1350.]


lexentry: eng/abstinence__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abstinence
trans_list: zdrženlivost
sense:
Specifically, the practice of abstaining from sexual intercourse, either permanently or until marriage. [First attested around 1150 to 1350.]


lexentry: eng/abstinence__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abstinence
trans_list: abstinence
sense:
The act or practice of abstaining, refraining from indulging a desire or appetite. [First attested around 1150 to 1350.]


lexentry: eng/abstinence__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abstinence
trans_list: abstinence
sense:
The practice of self-denial; self-restraint; forebearance from anything. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/abstinent__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abstinent
trans_list: mírný
sense:
Refraining from indulgence, especially from the indulgence of appetite. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/abstract__Adjective__1
sense_num: 08
written_rep: abstract
trans_list: abstraktní
sense:
(arts, often, capitalized) Free from representational qualities, in particular the non-representational styles of the 20th century. [First attested in the mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abstract__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: abstract
trans_list: výtažek
sense:
(real estate) A summary title of the key points detailing a tract of land, for ownership; abstract of title.


lexentry: eng/abstract_art__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abstract art
trans_list: abstraktní umění
sense:
Art that does not depict objects in the natural world, but instead uses color and form in a non-representational way.


lexentry: eng/abstraction__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: abstraction
trans_list: abstrakce
sense:
The act of focusing on one characteristic of an object rather than the object as a whole group of characteristics; the act of separating said qualities from the object or ideas. [First attested in the late 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/abstraction__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: abstraction
trans_list: abstrakce
sense:
The act of comparing commonality between distinct objects and organizing using those similarities; the act of generalizing characteristics; the product of said generalization. [First attested in the late 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/abstractive__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abstractive
trans_list: abstraktivní
sense:
Having an abstracting nature or tendency; tending to separate; tending to be withdrawn. [First attested in the late 15th century.]


lexentry: eng/absurd__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absurd
trans_list: absurdní
sense:
Contrary to reason or propriety; obviously and flatly opposed to manifest truth; inconsistent with the plain dictates of common sense; logically contradictory; nonsensical; ridiculous; silly. [from mid-16th c.]


lexentry: eng/absurdist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absurdist
trans_list: absurdista
sense:
An advocate of absurdism, in particular a writer of absurd topics. [First attested in the mid 20th century.]


lexentry: eng/absurdity__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absurdity
trans_list: absurdita | absurdnost
sense:
(countable) That which is absurd; an absurd action; a logical contradiction. [First attested in the late 15th century.]


lexentry: eng/absurdity__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: absurdity
trans_list: absurdnost | absurdita
sense:
(uncountable) The quality of being absurd or inconsistent with obvious truth, reason, or sound judgment. [First attested in the early 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/abulia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abulia
trans_list: abulie
sense:
(psychiatry) Absence of willpower or decisiveness, especially as a symptom of mental illness. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/abundance__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abundance
trans_list: hojnost
sense:
An overflowing fullness or ample sufficiency; profusion; copious supply; superfluity; plentifulness. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/abundant__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abundant
trans_list: hojný
sense:
Fully sufficient; found in copious supply; in great quantity; overflowing. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/abundantly__Adverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abundantly
trans_list: bohatý
sense:
In an abundant manner; in a sufficient degree; in large measure. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/abuse__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abuse
trans_list: zneužití
sense:
Improper treatment or usage; application to a wrong or bad purpose; an unjust, corrupt or wrongful practice or custom. [from around 1350 to 1470]


lexentry: eng/abuse__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: abuse
trans_list: urážka
sense:
Coarse, insulting speech; abusive language; language that unjustly or angrily vilifies. [from mid-16th c.]


lexentry: eng/abut__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abut
trans_list: hraničit | přiléhat | sousedit
sense:
(intransitive) To touch by means of a mutual border, edge or end; to border on; to lie adjacent (to); to be contiguous (said of an area of land) [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/abuttal__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abuttal
trans_list: hranice
sense:
(rare, pluralonly) The butting or boundary of land, particularly at the end; buttals. [First attested in the early 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/abyss__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abyss
trans_list: propast
sense:
Hell; the bottomless pit; primeval chaos; a confined subterranean ocean. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/abyss__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abyss
trans_list: propast | hlubina
sense:
(frequently, figurative) A bottomless or unfathomed depth, gulf, or chasm; hence, any deep, immeasurable; any void space. [First attested in the late 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/abyssal__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abyssal
trans_list: abysální
sense:
(geography) Of or belonging to the ocean depths, especially below 2000 metres (6500 ft): abyssal zone. [First attested in the mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/academia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: academia
trans_list: akademi
sense:
(collective) The scientific and cultural community engaged in higher education and research, taken as a whole. [from 1956]


lexentry: eng/academian__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: academian
trans_list: akademik
sense:
(obsolete) A member of an academy, university, or college. [Attested from the mid 16th century until the late 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/academic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: academic
trans_list: akademický
sense:
Belonging to an academy or other higher institution of learning, or a scholarly society or organization. [from late 16th century]


lexentry: eng/academic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: academic
trans_list: akademický
sense:
In particular: relating to literary, classical, or artistic studies like the humanities, rather than to technical or vocational studies like engineering or welding.


lexentry: eng/academic_institution__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: academic institution
trans_list: akademie
sense:
An educational institution, dedicated to higher education and research, that grants academic degrees.


lexentry: eng/academical__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: academical
trans_list: akademický
sense:
Pertaining to a university or other form of higher education. [First attested in the late 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/academically__Adverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: academically
trans_list: vědecký
sense:
In an academic style or way; from an academic perspective. [First attested in the late 16th century]


lexentry: eng/academician__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: academician
trans_list: akademik | akademička
sense:
A member or follower of an academy, or society for promoting science, art, or literature, such as the French Academy, or the Royal Academy of Arts. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/academy__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: academy
trans_list: akademie
sense:
An institution for the study of higher learning; a college or a university; typically a private school. [First attested in the mid 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/academy__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: academy
trans_list: akademie
sense:
A school or place of training in which some special art is taught. [First attested in the late 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/academy__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: academy
trans_list: akademie | akademi
sense:
A society of learned people united for the advancement of the arts and sciences, and literature, or some particular art or science. [First attested in the early 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/academy__Noun__1
sense_num: 09
written_rep: academy
trans_list: akademie
sense:
(UK, education) A school directly funded by central government, independent of local control; a charter school.


lexentry: eng/acai_berry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acai berry
trans_list: acai
sense:
A fruit that grows on the Brazilian wild palmberry tree, Euterpe olearacea, used for nutritive support as an antioxidant. It is similar in size to a grape.


lexentry: eng/acanthite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acanthite
trans_list: argentit
sense:
(mineral) A mineral form of silver sulfide, Ag2S, that is a major ore of silver, that forms slender prisms.


lexentry: eng/acarus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acarus
trans_list: roztoč
sense:
(zoology, acarology) Any member of the subclass Acari (aka Acarina): thus, a mite or a tick; specifically, any mite of the genus Acarus.


lexentry: eng/accede__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: accede
trans_list: přistoupit
sense:
(intransitive, now, _, rare) To give one's adhesion; to join up with (a group, etc.); to become part of. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/accelerant__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: accelerant
trans_list: palivo
sense:
In the context of fire protection, a substance that accelerates the development of a fire, especially some hydrocarbon-based fuel used to spread a fire caused by arson.


lexentry: eng/acceleration__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acceleration
trans_list: zrychlení
sense:
(uncountable) The act of accelerating, or the state of being accelerated; increase of motion or action; as opposed to retardation or deceleration.


lexentry: eng/acceleration__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: acceleration
trans_list: zrychlení
sense:
(countable) The amount by which a speed or velocity increases (and so a scalar quantity or a vector quantity).


lexentry: eng/acceleration__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: acceleration
trans_list: zrychlení | akcelerace
sense:
(physics) The change of velocity with respect to time (can include deceleration or changing direction).


lexentry: eng/accent__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: accent
trans_list: přízvuk
sense:
(linguistics) A higher-pitched or stronger (louder or longer) articulation of a particular syllable of a word or phrase in order to distinguish it from the others or to emphasize it.


lexentry: eng/accent__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: accent
trans_list: přízvuk
sense:
(orthography) A mark or character used in writing, in order to indicate the place of the spoken accent, or to indicate the nature or quality of the vowel marked.


lexentry: eng/accent__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: accent
trans_list: přízvuk
sense:
(linguistics, sociolinguistics) The distinctive manner of pronouncing a language associated with a particular region, social group, etc., whether of a native speaker or a foreign speaker; the phonetic and phonological aspects of a dialect.


lexentry: eng/accentuate__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: accentuate
trans_list: podtrhnout
sense:
(transitive) To bring out distinctly; to make more noticeable or prominent; to emphasize. [from 1865]


lexentry: eng/acceptance__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acceptance
trans_list: přijetí
sense:
(uncountable) The act of accepting; the receiving of something offered, with acquiescence, approbation, or satisfaction; especially, favourable reception; approval.


lexentry: eng/access__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: access
trans_list: přístup
sense:
(uncountable) The right or ability of approaching or entering; admittance; admission; accessibility.


lexentry: eng/accessibility__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: accessibility
trans_list: přístupnost
sense:
(computing, web design) Features that increase software usability for users with certain impairments.


lexentry: eng/accession__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: accession
trans_list: vztah
sense:
(legal) A mode of acquiring property, by which the owner of a corporeal substance which receives an addition by growth, or by labor, has a right to the part or thing added, or the improvement (provided the thing is not changed into a different species).


lexentry: eng/accessory__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: accessory
trans_list: doplněk
sense:
Something that belongs to part of another main thing; something additional and subordinate, an attachment.


lexentry: eng/accident__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: accident
trans_list: nehoda
sense:
An unexpected event with negative consequences occurring without the intention of the one suffering the consequences, and (in the strict sense) not directly caused by humans.


lexentry: eng/accident__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: accident
trans_list: nehoda
sense:
(transportation) A collision or crash of a vehicle, aircraft, or other form of transportation that causes damage to the transportation involved; and sometimes injury or death to the transportation's occupants or bystanders in close proximity. (but see Usage notes)


lexentry: eng/accidental__Adjective__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: accidental
trans_list: náhodný | nahodilý
sense:
Happening by chance, or unexpectedly; taking place not according to the usual course of things; by accident, unintentional. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/acclaim__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: acclaim
trans_list: chválit
sense:
(transitive, rare) To salute or praise with great approval; to compliment; to applaud; to welcome enthusiastically.


lexentry: eng/acclimatize__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: acclimatize
trans_list: aklimatizovat
sense:
(transitive) To make used to a new climate or one that is different from that which is natural; to inure or habituate to other circumstances; to adapt to the peculiarities of a foreign or strange climate.


lexentry: eng/accolade__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: accolade
trans_list: pasování na rytíře
sense:
(historical) A salutation marking the conferring of knighthood, consisting of an embrace or a kiss, and a slight blow on the shoulders with the flat of a sword.


lexentry: eng/accommodation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: accommodation
trans_list: ubytování
sense:
(chiefly, British, usually, a mass noun) Lodging in a dwelling or similar living quarters afforded to travellers in hotels or on cruise ships, or prisoners, etc.


lexentry: eng/accompaniment__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: accompaniment
trans_list: doprovod
sense:
(music) A part, usually performed by instruments, that gives support or adds to the background in music, or adds for ornamentation; also, the harmony of a figured bass.


lexentry: eng/accompany__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: accompany
trans_list: doprovodit
sense:
(transitive) To go with or attend as a companion or associate; to keep company with; to go along with.


lexentry: eng/accomplice__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: accomplice
trans_list: spolupachatel | spoluviník | komplic | spolupachatelka | spoluviníce
sense:
(legal) An associate in the commission of a crime; a participator in an offense, whether a principal or an accessory.


lexentry: eng/accomplish__Verb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: accomplish
trans_list: získat
sense:
(transitive, archaic) To equip or furnish thoroughly; hence, to complete in acquirements; to render accomplished; to polish.


lexentry: eng/accomplishment__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: accomplishment
trans_list: dovednost
sense:
That which completes, perfects, or equips thoroughly; acquirement; attainment; that which constitutes excellence of mind, or elegance of manners, acquired by education or training.


lexentry: eng/according_as__Adverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: according as
trans_list: podle
sense:
Precisely as; the same as; just as; corresponding to the way in which. (Now often expressing accordance with two or more alternatives.) [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/accordion__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: accordion
trans_list: akordeon | harmonika
sense:
A box-shaped musical instrument played by compressing or expanding its bellows while pressing its buttons or its keys, causing pallets to open, which allow air to flow across strips of brass or steel (reeds).


lexentry: eng/account__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: account
trans_list: účet | konto
sense:
(accounting) A registry of pecuniary transactions; a written or printed statement of business dealings or debts and credits, and also of other things subjected to a reckoning or review. [from c. 1300]


lexentry: eng/account__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: account
trans_list: účet | konto
sense:
A statement in general of reasons, causes, grounds, etc., explanatory of some event; a reason of an action to be done.


lexentry: eng/account_for__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: account for
trans_list: objasnit
sense:
(transitive) To explain by relating circumstances; to show that some one, thing or members of a group are present or have been processed.


lexentry: eng/accountability__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: accountability
trans_list: odpovědnost
sense:
The state of being accountable; liability to be called on to render an account or give an explanation; liability to be held responsible or answerable for something.


lexentry: eng/accountancy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: accountancy
trans_list: účetnictví
sense:
(uncountable, British, NZ, often, _, Philippines, accounting) The function of compiling and providing financial information primarily by reports referred to as financial statements, including bookkeeping, systems design, analysis and interpretation of accounting information.


lexentry: eng/accountant__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: accountant
trans_list: účetní
sense:
(accounting) One who is skilled in, keeps, or adjusts, accounts; an officer in a public office, who has charge of the accounts.


lexentry: eng/accountant__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: accountant
trans_list: účetní
sense:
(accounting) One whose profession includes organizing, maintaining and auditing the records of another. The records are usually, but not always, financial records.


lexentry: eng/accounting__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: accounting
trans_list: účetnictví
sense:
(business) The development and use of a system for recording and analyzing the financial transactions and financial status of an individual or a business.


lexentry: eng/accounts_receivable__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: accounts receivable
trans_list: pohledávka
sense:
(accounting) The total monetary amount owed to a financial entity due to debts arising from sales on credit or on account.


lexentry: eng/accredit__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: accredit
trans_list: akreditovat
sense:
(transitive) To send with letters credential, as an ambassador, envoy, or diplomatic agent; to authorize, as a messenger or delegate.


lexentry: eng/accredited__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: accredited
trans_list: akreditovaný
sense:
Given official approval after meeting certain standards, as an accredited university; or as disease free cattle.


lexentry: eng/accretion__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: accretion
trans_list: nárůst | nárůstek
sense:
(uncountable, also, figurative) Increase by natural growth, especially the gradual increase of organic bodies by the internal addition of matter; organic growth; also, the amount of such growth. [from early 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/accretion__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: accretion
trans_list: akrece | narůstání
sense:
(astrophysics) The formation of planets, stars, and other celestial bodies by the aggregating of matter drawn together by gravity; also, the growth of a celestial body through this process.


lexentry: eng/accrual__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: accrual
trans_list: dopravní kongesce
sense:
An increase; something that accumulates, especially an amount of money that periodically accumulates for a specific purpose


lexentry: eng/accumulate__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: accumulate
trans_list: akumulovat
sense:
(transitive) To heap up in a mass; to pile up; to collect or bring together (either literally or figuratively)


lexentry: eng/accumulation__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: accumulation
trans_list: akumulace
sense:
(finance) The action of investors buying an asset from other investors when the price of the asset is low.


lexentry: eng/accusative__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: accusative
trans_list: akuzativ
sense:
(grammar) Applied to the case (as the fourth case of Latin, Lithuanian and Greek nouns) which expresses the immediate object on which the action or influence of a transitive verb has its limited influence. Other parts of speech, including secondary or predicate direct objects, will also influence a sentence’s construction. In German the case used for direct objects.


lexentry: eng/accustom__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: accustom
trans_list: zvykat si
sense:
(transitive, often, passive, or, reflexive, with to) To make familiar by use; to cause to accept; to habituate, familiarize, or inure.


lexentry: eng/ace__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ace
trans_list: eso
sense:
(card games) A playing card showing a single pip, typically the highest or lowest ranking card in a game.


lexentry: eng/ace__Noun__1
sense_num: 12
written_rep: ace
trans_list: eso
sense:
A military aircraft pilot who is credited with shooting down many enemy aircraft, typically five or more.


lexentry: eng/acetaldehyde__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acetaldehyde
trans_list: acetaldehyd
sense:
(organic compound) A colourless organic compound, CH3CHO, occurring widely in nature and being produced on a large scale in industry.


lexentry: eng/acetaminophen__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acetaminophen
trans_list: paracetamol
sense:
(North America) A white crystalline compound used in medicine as an anodyne to relieve pain and reduce fever.


lexentry: eng/acetazolamide__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acetazolamide
trans_list: acetazolamid
sense:
(pharmaceutical drug) A drug that inhibits the enzyme carbonic anhydrase, used in the treatment of glaucoma and epilepsy and as a diuretic (now especially in the prevention of acute mountain sickness).


lexentry: eng/acetic_acid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acetic acid
trans_list: kyselina octová
sense:
(carboxylic acid, fatty acid) A clear colourless organic acid, CH3COOH, formed by the bacterial oxidation of ethanol through acetic fermentation; it is used as a solvent and has very many industrial applications; it is the major acidic component of vinegar.


lexentry: eng/acetylcholine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acetylcholine
trans_list: acetylcholin
sense:
(neurotransmitter) A neurotransmitter in humans and other animals. It is an ester of acetic acid and choline with chemical formula CH3COOCH2CH2N+(CH3)3.


lexentry: eng/ache__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ache
trans_list: bolet
sense:
(intransitive, stative) To suffer pain; to be the source of, or be in, pain, especially continued dull pain; to be distressed.


lexentry: eng/achieve__Verb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: achieve
trans_list: dosahovat | dosáhnout
sense:
(transitive) To obtain, or gain (a desired result, objective etc.), as the result of exertion; to succeed in gaining; to win. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/achievement__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: achievement
trans_list: erb
sense:
(heraldry) An escutcheon or ensign armorial; a full display or depiction of all the heraldic components to which the bearer of a coat of arms is entitled; (now, especially) a funeral shield: the hatchment.


lexentry: eng/achromatopsia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: achromatopsia
trans_list: achromatopsie
sense:
Full or partial color blindness; the inability to distinguish colors due to the absence of cone cells in the eyes.


lexentry: eng/acid_rain__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acid rain
trans_list: kyselý déšť
sense:
Rain which is unusually acidic (pH of less than the natural range of 5 to 6); caused mainly by atmospheric pollution with sulphur dioxide, carbon dioxide and nitrogen compounds.


lexentry: eng/acidic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acidic
trans_list: kyselina
sense:
(chemistry) Having a pH less than 7, or being sour, or having the strength to neutralize alkalis, or turning a litmus paper red.


lexentry: eng/acinus__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: acinus
trans_list: lalůček
sense:
(anatomy) One of the granular masses which constitute a racemose or compound gland, as the pancreas; also, one of the saccular recesses in the lobules of a racemose gland.


lexentry: eng/acme__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acme
trans_list: vrchol
sense:
A high point: the highest point of any range, the most developed stage of any process, or the culmination of any field or historical period. [c. 1610]


lexentry: eng/acolyte__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acolyte
trans_list: akolyta
sense:
(Christianity) One who has received the highest of the four minor orders in the Catholic Church, being ordained to carry the wine, water and lights at Mass.


lexentry: eng/aconitase__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aconitase
trans_list: akonitáza
sense:
(enzyme) Aconitate hydratase, an enzyme that catalyses the stereospecific isomerization of citrate to isocitrate via cis-aconitate in the tricarboxylic acid cycle.


lexentry: eng/aconite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aconite
trans_list: oměj
sense:
The herb wolfsbane, or monkshood; any plant of the genus Aconitum, all the species of which are poisonous.


lexentry: eng/aconitic_acid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aconitic acid
trans_list: kyselina akonitová
sense:
(organic compound) An organic acid involved in the isomerization of citrate to isocitrate in the citric acid cycle.


lexentry: eng/acorn__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: acorn
trans_list: žalud
sense:
(nautical) A cone-shaped piece of wood on the point of the spindle above the vane, on the mast-head.


lexentry: eng/acorn_woodpecker__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acorn woodpecker
trans_list: datel sběrač
sense:
A woodpecker native to the area from the southwestern United States to Colombia, of species Melanerpes formicivorus.


lexentry: eng/acoustic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: acoustic
trans_list: akustický
sense:
(music, musical instrument) Naturally producing or produced by an instrument without electrical amplification or the need thereof.


lexentry: eng/acoustic__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acoustic
trans_list: akustika
sense:
(usually, in the plural) The properties or qualities of a room or building that determine how sound is transmitted in it.


lexentry: eng/acqua_alta__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acqua alta
trans_list: povodeň
sense:
A phenomenon that regularly occurs in the city of Venice, Italy, typically during high and spring tide, involving the flooding of the most low-lying areas of Venice.


lexentry: eng/acquaintance__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acquaintance
trans_list: známost
sense:
(uncountable) A state of being acquainted with a person; originally indicating friendship, intimacy, but now suggesting a slight knowledge less deep than that of friendship; acquaintanceship. [from 12th c.]


lexentry: eng/acquiesce__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: acquiesce
trans_list: kývnout
sense:
(intransitive) To concur upon conviction; to accept tacitly; to assent to; usually, to concur, not heartily but so far as to forbear opposition.


lexentry: eng/acquiescence__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acquiescence
trans_list: souhlas
sense:
A silent or passive assent or submission, or a submission with apparent consent, distinguished from avowed consent on the one hand, and on the other, from opposition or open discontent; quiet satisfaction.


lexentry: eng/acquired_taste__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: acquired taste
trans_list: specifický
sense:
(idiomatic) Something that is appreciated only after having initially been regarded as unappealing or unpleasant; a person who is regarded as difficult or dislikable but of whom at least some have grown to approve.


lexentry: eng/acquittal__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: acquittal
trans_list: rozhřešení
sense:
(legal) A legal decision that someone is not guilty with which they have been charged, or the formal dismissal of a charge by some other legal process. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/acrimonious__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: acrimonious
trans_list: ostrý | prudký | rozhořčený
sense:
(figuratively) Angry, acid, and sharp in delivering argumentative replies: bitter, mean-spirited, sharp in language or tone. [from early 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/acritarch__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acritarch
trans_list: acritarcha
sense:
(paleontology, palynology) Any small, non-acid-soluble (i.e. non-carbonate, non-siliceous) organic fossil that cannot be classified.


lexentry: eng/acrobat__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acrobat
trans_list: akrobat | akrobatka
sense:
An athlete who performs acts requiring skill, agility and coordination, often as part of a circus performance.


lexentry: eng/acromegaly__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acromegaly
trans_list: akromegalie
sense:
(disease) A chronic disease marked by enlargement of the bones of the extremities, face, and jaw that is caused by over-activity of the pituitary gland.


lexentry: eng/acropolis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acropolis
trans_list: akropole | akropolis
sense:
A promontory (usually fortified with a citadel) forming the hub of many Grecian cities, and around which many were built for defensive purposes before and during the classical period; compare Acropolis.


lexentry: eng/across__Preposition__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: across
trans_list: přes
sense:
(Southern US, AAVE) across from: on the opposite side, relative to something that lies between, from (a point of interest).


lexentry: eng/acrostic__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acrostic
trans_list: akrostich
sense:
A poem or other text in which certain letters, often the first in each line, spell out a name or message. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/acrylamide__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acrylamide
trans_list: akrylamid
sense:
(organic compound) The amide of acrylic acid, CH2=CH.CONH2; used in the manufacture of polyacrylamides.


lexentry: eng/act__Verb__1
sense_num: 11
written_rep: act
trans_list: postupovat | chovat
sense:
(intransitive, law) To carry out work as a legal representative in relation to a particular legal matter.


lexentry: eng/act__Verb__1
sense_num: 12
written_rep: act
trans_list: postupovat | hrát | chovat
sense:
(intransitive, mathematics, construed with on or upon, of an algebraic structure) To possess an action onto (some other structure). Examples include the group action of a group on a set, the action of a ring on a module by scalar multiplication, and the action of a group or algebra on a vector space via a representation.


lexentry: eng/act_of_parliament__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: act of parliament
trans_list: zákon
sense:
A law which has received assent (royal, presidential or gubernatorial) after having been passed by the houses (or house) of a parliament.


lexentry: eng/actin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: actin
trans_list: aktin
sense:
(protein, uncountable) A globular structural protein that polymerizes in a helical fashion to form an actin filament (or microfilament).


lexentry: eng/acting__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acting
trans_list: úřadující
sense:
Temporarily assuming the duties or authority of another person when they are unable to do their job.


lexentry: eng/actinide__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: actinide
trans_list: aktinid | aktinoid
sense:
(chemistry) Any of the 15 radioactive elements of the periodic table from actinium to lawrencium that are positioned under the lanthanides, to which they have similar chemistry.


lexentry: eng/actinium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: actinium
trans_list: aktinium | actinium
sense:
A radioactive, metallic chemical element (symbol: Ac) with an atomic number of 89; found in uranium ores.


lexentry: eng/actinolite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: actinolite
trans_list: aktinolit
sense:
(mineral) A mineral with monoclinic crystals of the chemical formula Ca2(Mg,Fe)5Si8O22(OH)2, belonging to the amphibole group.


lexentry: eng/action__Noun__1
sense_num: 11
written_rep: action
trans_list: čin
sense:
(mathematics) A way in which each element of some algebraic structure transforms some other structure or set, in a way which respects the structure of the first. Formally, this may be seen as a morphism from the first structure into some structure of endomorphisms of the second; for example, a group action of a group G on a set S can be seen as a group homomorphism from G into the set of bijections on S (which form a group under function composition), while a module M over a ring R can be defined as an abelian group together with a ring homomorphism from R into the ring of group endomorphisms of M (which is also called the action of R on M).


lexentry: eng/action_potential__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: action potential
trans_list: akční potenciál
sense:
(physiology) A short-term change in the electrical potential that travels along a cell such as a nerve or muscle fiber. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/activate__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: activate
trans_list: aktivovat
sense:
(transitive) To put a device, mechanism (alarm etc.) or system into action or motion; to trigger, to actuate, to set off, to enable.


lexentry: eng/activated_carbon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: activated carbon
trans_list: aktivní uhlí
sense:
A very absorbent form of finely powdered carbon; used in purifying gases, and as an antidote for many poisons.


lexentry: eng/activation_function__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: activation function
trans_list: aktivační funkce
sense:
(computer science) A function that defines the output of a particular node in an artificial neural network on the basis of its inputs.


lexentry: eng/active__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: active
trans_list: aktivní | činný
sense:
Having the power or quality of acting; causing change; communicating action or motion; acting;—opposed to passive, that receives.


lexentry: eng/active_ingredient__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: active ingredient
trans_list: účinná látka
sense:
(pharmacology) The specific compound in a natural or man-made mixture that is responsible for the mixture's activity.


lexentry: eng/activism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: activism
trans_list: aktivismus
sense:
The practice of using action to achieve a result, such as political demonstration or a strike in support of or in opposition to an issue.


lexentry: eng/activities_of_daily_living__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: activities of daily living
trans_list: všední denní činnosti
sense:
(healthcare) A set of common daily activities, including bathing, feeding, and relieving oneself. A person’s ability or inability to perform them is used as a measurement of their functional status.


lexentry: eng/activity__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: activity
trans_list: aktivita | činnost
sense:
(countable) Something done for pleasure or entertainment, especially one involving movement or an excursion.


lexentry: eng/actor__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: actor
trans_list: herec | herečka
sense:
A person who acts a part in a theatrical play or (later) in film or television; a dramatic performer. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/actual__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: actual
trans_list: skutečný
sense:
Existing in reality, not just potentially; really acted or acting; occurring in fact. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/actuarial_science__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: actuarial science
trans_list: pojistná matematika
sense:
(applied mathematics, insurance, finance) The discipline within applied mathematics dealing with risk assessment and the modelling of uncertainty; the rigorous application of mathematical and statistical methods to assess risk, in industries including insurance and finance.


lexentry: eng/actuary__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: actuary
trans_list: pojistný matematik
sense:
A professional who calculates financial values associated with uncertain events subject to risk, such as insurance premiums or pension contributions.


lexentry: eng/acumen__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acumen
trans_list: bystrost
sense:
Quickness of perception or discernment; penetration of mind; the faculty of nice discrimination; acuity of mind.


lexentry: eng/acupressure__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acupressure
trans_list: akupresura
sense:
(uncountable) An alternative medicine technique, derived from acupuncture, in which physical pressure is applied to acupoints.


lexentry: eng/acupuncture__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acupuncture
trans_list: akupunktura
sense:
The insertion of needles into the (living) tissue of the body affecting the Qi or energy along energetic pathways of the body called meridians. This modality is traditionally used as a form of internal medical treating all disease and illnesses, in Western countries it is widely used for the purposes of pain relief.


lexentry: eng/acute__Adjective__1
sense_num: 10
written_rep: acute
trans_list: akutní
sense:
(medicine) Of an abnormal condition of recent or sudden onset, in contrast to delayed onset; this sense does not imply severity, unlike the common usage.


lexentry: eng/acute__Adjective__1
sense_num: 11
written_rep: acute
trans_list: akutní
sense:
(medicine) Of a short-lived condition, in contrast to a chronic condition; this sense also does not imply severity.


lexentry: eng/acute_accent__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acute accent
trans_list: čárka
sense:
(orthography) : A diacritical mark ( ´ ) that can be placed above a number of letters in many languages of the Latin, Greek and Cyrillic writing systems.


lexentry: eng/adapt__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: adapt
trans_list: adaptovat
sense:
(transitive) To make by altering or fitting something else; to produce by change of form or character


lexentry: eng/adapter__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: adapter
trans_list: rozbočka | rozdvojka
sense:
Specifically, a device that permits two or more plugs to be used at a single electrical power point.


lexentry: eng/adapter__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: adapter
trans_list: adaptér
sense:
Specifically, an AC adapter: a device that reduces voltage and converts AC to DC to allow a battery-powered device to use mains power.


lexentry: eng/adaptometer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adaptometer
trans_list: adaptometr
sense:
An optometric instrument that measures the minimum threshold of brightness that can be detected or how well the human eye can adapt to a recently darkened environment.


lexentry: eng/add-on__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: add-on
trans_list: doplněk
sense:
(computer hardware, software) A software extension or hardware peripheral that provides additional functions or customization for a core application or system.


lexentry: eng/addend__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: addend
trans_list: sčítanec
sense:
(mathematics) Addendum, any one of two or more numbers or other terms that are to be added together.


lexentry: eng/adder__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: adder
trans_list: zmije
sense:
A northern copperhead (Agkistrodon contortrix mokasen), a venomous viper found in the eastern United States


lexentry: eng/additive__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: additive
trans_list: aditivum
sense:
A substance added to another substance or product to produce specific properties in the combined substance.


lexentry: eng/address__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: address
trans_list: adresa
sense:
(networking, Internet) A string of characters identifying a node or range of nodes on a network (especially the Internet), such as an e-mail address, IP address or URL. [from 1960s]


lexentry: eng/address__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: address
trans_list: adresa
sense:
A description of the location of a property, usually with at least a street name and number, name of a town, and now also a postal code; such a description as superscribed for direction on an envelope or letter. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/address__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: address
trans_list: proslov
sense:
An act of addressing oneself to a person or group; a discourse or speech, or a record of this. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/address__Verb__1
sense_num: 09
written_rep: address
trans_list: adresovat
sense:
(transitive) To direct speech to; to make a communication to, whether spoken or written; to apply to by words, as by a speech, petition, etc., to speak to.


lexentry: eng/address_space__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: address space
trans_list: adresový prostor
sense:
(computing) A range of discrete addresses, all the address locations available in a particular, named, subset of a computer's (virtual or real) memory.


lexentry: eng/addressee__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: addressee
trans_list: adresát | příjemce | adresátka | příjemkyně
sense:
The person or organization to which something, such as a letter or message, is addressed or sent, for whom the item is intended.


lexentry: eng/adduce__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adduce
trans_list: předložit | uvést
sense:
(transitive) To bring forward or offer, as an argument, passage, or consideration which bears on a statement or case; to cite; to allege.


lexentry: eng/adenine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adenine
trans_list: adenin
sense:
(biochemistry, genetics) A base, C5H5N5, found in certain glands and tissues, which pairs with thymine in DNA and uracil in RNA.


lexentry: eng/adenohypophysis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adenohypophysis
trans_list: adenohypofýza
sense:
(anatomy) The anterior lobe of the pituitary gland, producing and secreting several peptide hormones that regulate many physiological processes including stress, growth, and reproduction.


lexentry: eng/adenoid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adenoid
trans_list: nosní mandle
sense:
(symptom) an abnormally enlarged mass of lymphatic tissue at the back of the pharynx, often obstructing the nasal and ear passages and hindering speaking and breathing in young children.


lexentry: eng/adenoidectomy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adenoidectomy
trans_list: adenotomie
sense:
(surgery) Surgical removal of the adenoids, or of adenoid growths in the nasopharynx; commonly performed along with tonsillectomy.


lexentry: eng/adenosine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adenosine
trans_list: adenozin
sense:
(biochemistry, genetics, organic compound) A nucleoside derived from adenine and ribose, found in striated muscle tissue. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/adenosine_triphosphate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adenosine triphosphate
trans_list: adenosintrifosfát
sense:
(biochemistry, neurotransmitter) A nucleotide that is used as a source of energy in cellular reactions, in the synthesis of nucleic acids, and as a neurotransmitter recognized by purinergic receptors.


lexentry: eng/adhan__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adhan
trans_list: azán
sense:
(Islam) The call to prayer, which consisted originally of simply four takbirs followed by the statement (أَشْهَدُ أَنْ) لَا إِلٰهَ إِلَّا ٱلله.


lexentry: eng/adiabatic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adiabatic
trans_list: adiabatický
sense:
(physics, thermodynamics, of a process) Without gain or loss of heat (and thus with no change in entropy, in the quasistatic approximation).


lexentry: eng/adit__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adit
trans_list: štola
sense:
A horizontal or nearly horizontal passage from the surface into a mine, as contrasted with a shaft or vertical entry passage. An adit may be used for ventilation, haulage, drainage, or other purposes.


lexentry: eng/adjectival_noun__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: adjectival noun
trans_list: zpodstatnělé přídavné jméno
sense:
(in Czech and Slovak grammar) Nouns that have the form of adjectives (often originally adjectives used as nouns).


lexentry: eng/adjika__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adjika
trans_list: adžika
sense:
A hot, spicy but subtly flavoured paste often used to flavour food, mainly in the Caucasian regions of Abkhazia and Samegrelo.


lexentry: eng/adjunct__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: adjunct
trans_list: podání
sense:
(grammar) A phrase within a clause or sentence that is grammatically dispensable but not semantically so, modifying its meaning.


lexentry: eng/adjustable_pliers__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adjustable pliers
trans_list: hasák
sense:
A type of pliers used by plumbers that can be quickly changed in size and is primarily used for tightening nuts on water pipes.


lexentry: eng/adjutant__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adjutant
trans_list: pobočník
sense:
(military rank) A lower-ranking officer who assists a higher-ranking officer with administrative affairs.


lexentry: eng/adjuvant__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: adjuvant
trans_list: adjuvans
sense:
(pharmacology) An additive (as in a drug) that aids or modifies the action of the principal ingredient. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/administer__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: administer
trans_list: spravovat
sense:
(transitive) To manage or supervise the conduct, performance or execution of; to govern or regulate the parameters for the conduct, performance or execution of; to work in an administrative capacity.


lexentry: eng/administer__Verb__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: administer
trans_list: podat
sense:
(transitive, medicine) To cause (a patient, human or animal) to ingest (a drug), either by openly offering or through deceit.


lexentry: eng/administration__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: administration
trans_list: správa | administrativa
sense:
(uncountable) The act of administering; government of public affairs; the service rendered, or duties assumed, in conducting affairs; the conducting of any office or employment; direction.


lexentry: eng/administration__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: administration
trans_list: správa | administrativa | administrace
sense:
(countable, government, politics) The executive part of government; the persons collectively who are entrusted with the execution of laws and the superintendence of public affairs; the chief magistrate and his cabinet or council; or the council, or ministry, alone, as in Great Britain.


lexentry: eng/administrator__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: administrator
trans_list: správce | administrátor | administrátorka | správkyně
sense:
One who administers affairs; one who directs, manages, executes, or dispenses, whether in civil, judicial, political, or ecclesiastical affairs; a manager.


lexentry: eng/administrator__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: administrator
trans_list: správce | správkyně
sense:
(legal) A person who manages or settles the estate of an intestate, or of a testator when there is no competent executor; one to whom the right of administration has been committed by competent authority


lexentry: eng/administrator__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: administrator
trans_list: správce | správkyně
sense:
(computing) One who is responsible for software installation, management, information and maintenance of a computer or network


lexentry: eng/admiral__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: admiral
trans_list: admirál
sense:
(military) A high rank in the British and American Navies, NATO grade OF-9, equivalent ranks in other navies, in coast guards, etc.


lexentry: eng/admiral__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: admiral
trans_list: babočka admirál
sense:
(zoology) Any of several species of nymphalid butterflies of the genera Kaniska, Limenitis and Vanessa. [1799]


lexentry: eng/admiral_of_the_fleet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: admiral of the fleet
trans_list: admirál loďstva | velkoadmirál
sense:
(military, UK) The highest rank in the Royal Navy and other Commonwealth navies, NATO grade OF-10, currently only ceremonial.


lexentry: eng/admit__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: admit
trans_list: přiznat | přiznávat | připustit
sense:
(transitive, or, intransitive) To concede as true; to acknowledge or assent to, as an allegation which it is impossible to deny (+ to).


lexentry: eng/adoption__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: adoption
trans_list: adopce | osvojení
sense:
The state of being adopted; the acceptance of a child of other parents as if he or she were one's own child.


lexentry: eng/adoptionism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adoptionism
trans_list: adopcionismus
sense:
(Christianity) A form of Christianity which maintains that Jesus is divine only in the sense that God the Father adopted him, either at Jesus' birth, or at his death, as opposed to the orthodox understanding of the nature of the Trinity.


lexentry: eng/adposition__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adposition
trans_list: předložka
sense:
(grammar) An element that combines syntactically with a phrase and indicates how that phrase should be interpreted in the surrounding context; a preposition or postposition.


lexentry: eng/adrenal_gland__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adrenal gland
trans_list: nadledvinky
sense:
(anatomy) In mammals, either of a pair of complex endocrine glands, situated above each kidney, secreting hormones which control the heart rate, blood pressure, and metabolism.


lexentry: eng/adstratum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adstratum
trans_list: adstrát
sense:
(linguistics) Any language having elements that are responsible for change in neighbouring languages


lexentry: eng/adultery__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adultery
trans_list: cizoložství | manželská nevěra
sense:
(narrowly) Sexual intercourse by a married person with someone other than their spouse. See more synonyms at Thesaurus:cuckoldry


lexentry: eng/adumbration__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: adumbration
trans_list: metafora
sense:
(countable, uncountable, figuratively) A rough or symbolic representation; a vague indication of what is to come, a foreshadowing.


lexentry: eng/advance_guard__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: advance guard
trans_list: avantgarda
sense:
A unit or units leading the way of advancing or marching troops, guarding them from ambushes, reconnoitering and pursuing the enemy, etc.


lexentry: eng/advance_payment__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: advance payment
trans_list: záloha
sense:
The part of a contractually due sum that is paid or received in advance for a good, service or social security payment.


lexentry: eng/advantage__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: advantage
trans_list: výhoda
sense:
(countable) Any condition, circumstance, opportunity or means, particularly favorable or chance to success, or to any desired end.


lexentry: eng/advantage__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: advantage
trans_list: výhoda
sense:
(obsolete) Superiority; mastery; — used with of to specify its nature or with over to specify the other party.


lexentry: eng/advection__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: advection
trans_list: advekce
sense:
(meteorology, earth science, physical chemistry) The horizontal movement of a body of atmosphere (or other fluid) along with a concurrent transport of its temperature, humidity etc.


lexentry: eng/adventure__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: adventure
trans_list: dobrodružství
sense:
A daring feat; a bold undertaking, in which dangers are likely to be encountered, and the issue is staked upon unforeseen events; the encountering of risks.


lexentry: eng/adventure_game__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adventure game
trans_list: adventura
sense:
(video games) A computer or video game of the genre characterized by investigation, exploration, puzzle-solving, interaction with game characters, and a focus on narrative rather than reflex-based challenges.


lexentry: eng/adverb__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adverb
trans_list: příslovce | adverbium
sense:
(grammar) A word that modifies a verb, adjective, other adverbs, or various other types of words, phrases, or clauses.


lexentry: eng/adverb__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: adverb
trans_list: příslovce | adverbium
sense:
(programming) In the Raku programming language, a named parameter that modifies the behavior of a routine.


lexentry: eng/adverbial_participle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adverbial participle
trans_list: přechodník
sense:
(grammar) A participle that modifies a verb in the same sentence and is equivalent to an adverbial clause in English. Adverbial participles may denote time, condition, cause, concession, manner, means, purpose, or attendant circumstance.


lexentry: eng/adverse_possession__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adverse possession
trans_list: vydržení
sense:
(legal) A means of acquiring title to another's real property without compensation by occupying the property in a manner that has under common law the requirements of being actual, open and notorious, exclusive, hostile, under cover of claim or right, and continuous for a certain number of years.


lexentry: eng/advertise__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: advertise
trans_list: oznámit
sense:
(transitive) To give (especially public) notice of (something); to announce publicly. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/advertise__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: advertise
trans_list: inzerovat
sense:
(intransitive) To provide information about a person or goods and services to influence others. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/advertise__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: advertise
trans_list: nabídnout
sense:
(transitive) To provide public information about (a product, service etc.) in order to attract public awareness and increase sales. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/advertising_agency__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: advertising agency
trans_list: reklamní agentura
sense:
a business enterprise dedicated to creating, planning and handling advertising on behalf of its client companies.


lexentry: eng/advise__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: advise
trans_list: informovat
sense:
(transitive) To formally give information or notice to; to inform or counsel. [with of ‘what is communicated’]


lexentry: eng/advisedly__Adverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: advisedly
trans_list: cílevědomý
sense:
With intentionality, and deliberately, usually also with a connotation of due consideration and wise choosing.


lexentry: eng/adware__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adware
trans_list: adware | reklamní program | reklamní software
sense:
(computing) A software application that includes advertisements, which are displayed while the software is running. Developers use adware as a source of income and to keep the costs of the software down (usually making it free). Some adware programs can include spyware.


lexentry: eng/adze__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adze
trans_list: skoble | tesla | teslice
sense:
A cutting tool that has a curved blade set at a right angle to the handle and is used in shaping wood.


lexentry: eng/aedile__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aedile
trans_list: aedil
sense:
(historical, Ancient Rome) An elected official who was responsible for the maintenance of public buildings, regulation of festivals, supervision of markets and the supply of grain and water.


lexentry: eng/aeration__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: aeration
trans_list: provzdušnění
sense:
By extension, a process in which other gases (such as carbon dioxide or nitrogen or argon) are circulated through or mixed with a substance (usually liquid), sometimes with the consequence of increasing the transfer of air into the same liquid at the surface due to the induced circulation.


lexentry: eng/aerial__Adjective__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: aerial
trans_list: letecký
sense:
(aviation) Pertaining to a vehicle which travels through the air; airborne; relating to or conducted by means of aircraft. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/aerial__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aerial
trans_list: anténa
sense:
(chiefly, _, UK) A rod, wire, or other structure for receiving or transmitting radio, television signals etc.


lexentry: eng/aerobics__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aerobics
trans_list: aerobik
sense:
A form of exercise, designed to enhance one's cardiovascular fitness, normally performed to music. [1968]


lexentry: eng/aerodynamics__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aerodynamics
trans_list: aerodynamika
sense:
The science of the dynamics of bodies moving relative to gases, especially the interaction of moving objects with the atmosphere.


lexentry: eng/aerogel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aerogel
trans_list: aerogel
sense:
A porous, ultralight solid-state substance, similar to gel, in which the liquid component is replaced with gas.


lexentry: eng/aerology__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aerology
trans_list: aerologie
sense:
The branch of meteorology involving the observation of the atmosphere by means of balloons, kites, rockets, drones, airplanes, etc.


lexentry: eng/aerostat__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aerostat
trans_list: vzducholoď
sense:
An aircraft, such as a dirigible or balloon, that derives its lift from buoyancy rather than from wings or rotors.


lexentry: eng/aesthete__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aesthete
trans_list: estét
sense:
(often, derogatory) Someone who cultivates an unusually high sensitivity to beauty, as in art or nature, often in a manner perceived to prioritize beauty over other qualities such as virtue and utility.


lexentry: eng/aetiology__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: aetiology
trans_list: etiologie
sense:
(medicine, uncountable) The study or investigation of the causes of disease; a scientific explanation for the origin of a disease.


lexentry: eng/affable__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: affable
trans_list: přívětivý | vlídný
sense:
Receiving others kindly and conversing with them in a free and friendly manner; friendly, courteous, sociable.


lexentry: eng/affair__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: affair
trans_list: záležitost
sense:
(often in the plural) Something which is done or is to be done; business of any kind, commercial, professional, or public.


lexentry: eng/affectation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: affectation
trans_list: přiřazení
sense:
An attempt to assume or exhibit what is not natural or real; false display; artificial show. [from 1548]


lexentry: eng/affection__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: affection
trans_list: afekt | emoce | pocit
sense:
The state of being affected, especially: a change in, or alteration of, the emotional state of a person or other animal, caused by a subjective affect (a subjective feeling or emotion), which arises in response to a stimulus which may result from either thought or perception.


lexentry: eng/affiliate__Verb__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: affiliate
trans_list: přidat | připojit se
sense:
(intransitive, followed by "to" or "with") To attach (to) or unite (with); to receive into a society as a member, and initiate into its mysteries, plans, etc.


lexentry: eng/affinity__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: affinity
trans_list: švagrovství
sense:
A family relationship through marriage of a relative (e.g. sister-in-law), as opposed to consanguinity (e.g. sister).


lexentry: eng/affirm__Verb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: affirm
trans_list: podporovat
sense:
To make firm; to confirm, or ratify; especially (legal) to assert or confirm, as a judgment, decree, or order, brought before an appellate court for review.


lexentry: eng/afford__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: afford
trans_list: dovolit | dovolovat
sense:
To incur, stand, or bear without serious detriment, as an act which might under other circumstances be injurious; (usually, after an expression of ability, as could, able, difficult) to be able or rich enough; to spare.


lexentry: eng/affreightment__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: affreightment
trans_list: loď | nájem
sense:
(nautical) The act of hiring, or the contract for use of, a vessel, or some part of it, to convey cargo.


lexentry: eng/afield__Adverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: afield
trans_list: pryč
sense:
Away (from the home or starting point, physical or conceptual); usually preceded by far (or farther, further).


lexentry: eng/aft__Adverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aft
trans_list: záďový
sense:
(nautical) At, near, or towards the stern of a vessel (with the frame of reference within the vessel).


lexentry: eng/after__Preposition__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: after
trans_list: za
sense:
(Irish, Newfoundland, usually, preceded by a form of be, followed by an -ing form of a verb) Used to indicate recent completion of an activity.


lexentry: eng/after_all__Prepositional_phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: after all
trans_list: konečně
sense:
(idiomatic) anyway, in any case; indicates a statement is true regardless of other considerations; used to reinforce or explain a point.


lexentry: eng/afterbirth__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: afterbirth
trans_list: placenta
sense:
The placenta and other material expelled via the birth canal following childbirth or parturition in mammals.


lexentry: eng/afterlife__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: afterlife
trans_list: onen svět | posmrtný život
sense:
A conscious existence after death; a supernatural life that follows one's natural life, in some worldviews.


lexentry: eng/aftermath__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: aftermath
trans_list: důsledek | následek
sense:
That which happens after, that which follows, usually of strongly negative connotation in most contexts, implying a preceding catastrophe.


lexentry: eng/afternoon_tea__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: afternoon tea
trans_list: svačina
sense:
(Australia, NZ, Hong Kong) A small meal or snack eaten between lunch and dinner (supper); a period of time set aside for this purpose, taken as a break from work or from a conference.


lexentry: eng/aftershock__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aftershock
trans_list: dotřes
sense:
An earthquake that follows in the same vicinity as another, usually larger, earthquake (the "mainshock").


lexentry: eng/again__Adverb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: again
trans_list: opět | zase
sense:
Tell me again, say again; used in asking a question to which one may have already received an answer that one cannot remember.


lexentry: eng/again__Adverb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: again
trans_list: opět | zase | znova
sense:
Used metalinguistically, with the repetition being in the discussion, or in the linguistic or pragmatic context of the discussion, rather than in the subject of discussion. [from 16thc.]


lexentry: eng/against__Preposition__1
sense_num: 16
written_rep: against
trans_list: proti
sense:
(Hollywood) To be paid now in contrast to the following amount to be paid later under specified circumstances, usually that a movie is made or has started filming.


lexentry: eng/agar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: agar
trans_list: agar
sense:
A gelatinous material obtained from red algae, especially Gracilaria species, used as a bacterial culture medium, in electrophoresis and as a food additive.


lexentry: eng/agaric__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: agaric
trans_list: lupenatá houba
sense:
Any of various fungi, principally of the order Agaricales, having fruiting bodies consisting of umbrella-like caps, on stalks, with numerous gills beneath.


lexentry: eng/agate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: agate
trans_list: achát
sense:
(countable, uncountable, mineral) A semitransparent, uncrystallized silicate mineral and semiprecious stone, presenting various tints in the same specimen, with colors delicately arranged and often curved in parallel alternating dark and light stripes or bands, or blended in clouds; various authorities call it a variety of chalcedony, a variety of quartz, or a combination of the two.


lexentry: eng/agave__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: agave
trans_list: agáve
sense:
Any plant in the large, variable genus Agave: succulent plants, commonly armed with formidable prickles; they flower at maturity after several years, and generally die thereafter; large species, such as the maguey or century plant, (Agave americana), produce gigantic inflorescences. Several are of economic importance as sources of fibre such as sisal, and alcoholic beverages such as tequila.


lexentry: eng/age__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: age
trans_list: plnoletost
sense:
(uncountable) Maturity; especially, the time of life at which one attains full personal rights and capacities.


lexentry: eng/age__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: age
trans_list: věk
sense:
(astrology) One of the twelve divisions of a Great Year, equal to roughly 2000 years and governed by one of the zodiacal signs; a Platonic month.


lexentry: eng/age__Noun__1
sense_num: 11
written_rep: age
trans_list: věk
sense:
(countable) Lifespan, lifetime; the total time that some being is alive from birth to death (or some category of beings, on average).


lexentry: eng/age__Noun__1
sense_num: 12
written_rep: age
trans_list: věk | doba
sense:
(countable, poker) The entitlement of the player to the left of the dealer to pass the first round in betting, and then to come in last or stay out; also, the player holding this position; the eldest hand.


lexentry: eng/age_of_consent__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: age of consent
trans_list: legální věk způsobilosti k pohlavnímu styku
sense:
(legal) The age at which a person is legally considered to be mature enough to engage willingly in sexual intercourse, so that it is not a crime for someone else to have sex with the person.


lexentry: eng/age_of_majority__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: age of majority
trans_list: plnoletost | zletilost
sense:
(legal) The age at which the rights and privileges of an adult are legally granted or recognized; i.e.; the age where a person ceases to be a minor legally and becomes a legal adult.


lexentry: eng/ageism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ageism
trans_list: ageismus
sense:
The treating of a person or people, especially older people, differently from others based on assumptions, prejudices or/and stereotypes relating to their age.


lexentry: eng/ageless__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ageless
trans_list: věčný
sense:
(relative to past) Having existed for so great a period of time that its longevity cannot be expressed.


lexentry: eng/agency__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: agency
trans_list: agentura
sense:
The office or function of an agent; also, the relationship between a principal and that person's agent.


lexentry: eng/agency__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: agency
trans_list: agentura | kancelář
sense:
An establishment engaged in doing business for another; also, the place of business or the district of such an agency.


lexentry: eng/agency__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: agency
trans_list: agentura
sense:
A department or other administrative unit of a government; also, the office or headquarters of, or the district administered by, such unit of government.


lexentry: eng/agent__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: agent
trans_list: agent | zástupce
sense:
One who acts for, or in the place of, another (the principal), by that person's authority; someone entrusted to act on behalf of or in behalf of another, such as to transact business for them.


lexentry: eng/agent__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: agent
trans_list: agent
sense:
Someone who works for an intelligence agency: whether an officer or employee thereof or anyone else who agrees to help their efforts (for ideology, for money, as blackmailee, or otherwise).


lexentry: eng/agent_noun__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: agent noun
trans_list: činitelské jméno
sense:
(grammar) A noun that denotes an agent (human or nonhuman) that performs the action denoted by the verb from which the noun is derived, such as "rider" derived from "to ride", or "cutter" derived from "to cut".


lexentry: eng/agent_provocateur__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: agent provocateur
trans_list: agent provokatér
sense:
A person who secretly disrupts a group's activities from within the group, particularly by encouraging or committing illegal acts to discredit the group or expose them to prosecution; an instigator, troublemaker.


lexentry: eng/aggravate__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aggravate
trans_list: zhoršit | zostřit | ztížit
sense:
To make (an offence) worse or more severe; to increase in offensiveness or heinousness. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/aggressive__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aggressive
trans_list: agresivní | útočný
sense:
Characterized by aggression; highly combative; prone to behave in a way that involves attacking (especially if unjustly) or arguing.


lexentry: eng/aggressor__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aggressor
trans_list: agresor | útočnice | agresorka | útočník
sense:
The person or country that first attacks or makes an aggression; that begins hostility or a quarrel; an assailant.


lexentry: eng/aggrieved_party__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aggrieved party
trans_list: poškozený
sense:
(law) An individual or collective whose rights have been violated and who is entitled to commence a lawsuit; victim.


lexentry: eng/aggro__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: aggro
trans_list: provokovat
sense:
(gaming, transitive) To cause (a non-player character) to become aggressive towards the player's character.


lexentry: eng/agility__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: agility
trans_list: bystrost | hbitost | pohyblivost
sense:
(uncountable) The quality of being agile; the power of moving the limbs quickly and easily; quickness of motion


lexentry: eng/agio__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: agio
trans_list: ážio
sense:
(economics, finance) The premium or percentage on a better sort of money when it is given in exchange for an inferior sort. The premium or discount on foreign bills of exchange is sometimes called agio.


lexentry: eng/agitation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: agitation
trans_list: agitace
sense:
The act of agitating, or the state of being agitated; the state of being disrupted with violence, or with irregular action; commotion.


lexentry: eng/agnosticism__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: agnosticism
trans_list: agnosticismus
sense:
The view that the existence of God or of all deities is unknown, unknowable, unproven, or unprovable.


lexentry: eng/agnotology__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: agnotology
trans_list: agnotologie
sense:
The study of culturally-induced ignorance or doubt, particularly the publication of inaccurate or misleading scientific data.


lexentry: eng/agon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: agon
trans_list: boj
sense:
(countable) A struggle or contest; conflict; especially between the protagonist and antagonist in a literary work.


lexentry: eng/agonist__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: agonist
trans_list: agonista
sense:
(biochemistry, pharmacology) A molecule that can combine with a receptor on a cell to produce a physiological reaction.


lexentry: eng/agorism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: agorism
trans_list: agorismus
sense:
(politics, economics) A revolutionary political philosophy that advocates the creation of a voluntaryist society by means of counter-economics (i.e. black market).


lexentry: eng/agranulocytosis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: agranulocytosis
trans_list: agranulocytóza
sense:
(disease) An acute condition involving a severe and dangerous leukopenia, particularly of neutrophils, causing a neutropenia in the circulating blood.


lexentry: eng/agree__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: agree
trans_list: souhlasit | shodovat
sense:
(intransitive) To be in harmony about an opinion, statement, or action; to have a consistent idea between two or more people.


lexentry: eng/agree__Verb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: agree
trans_list: dohodnout | souhlasit | vyhovovat
sense:
(intransitive) To make a stipulation by way of settling differences or determining a price; to exchange promises; to come to terms or to a common resolve; to promise.


lexentry: eng/agree__Verb__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: agree
trans_list: shodovat
sense:
(intransitive, grammar) To correspond to (another word) in a grammatical category, such as gender, number, case, or person.


lexentry: eng/agreement__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: agreement
trans_list: domluva
sense:
(uncountable) A state whereby several parties share a view or opinion; the state of not contradicting one another.


lexentry: eng/agreement__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: agreement
trans_list: shoda
sense:
(uncountable, linguistics, grammar) Rules that exist in many languages that force some parts of a sentence to be used or inflected differently depending on certain attributes of other parts.


lexentry: eng/agriculture__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: agriculture
trans_list: zemědělství
sense:
The art or science of cultivating the ground, including the harvesting of crops, and the rearing and management of livestock.


lexentry: eng/agrimony__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: agrimony
trans_list: řepík
sense:
Any of several perennial herbaceous plants, of the genus Agrimonia, that have spikes of yellow flowers.


lexentry: eng/agritourism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: agritourism
trans_list: agroturistika
sense:
A form of tourism in which tourists stay in farms or agricultural villages, either to experience farm life, or as a base for exploring the countryside


lexentry: eng/agronomy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: agronomy
trans_list: agronomie
sense:
The science of utilizing plants, animals and soils for food, fuel, feed, and fiber and more. To do this effectively and sustainably, agronomy encompasses work in the areas of plant genetics, plant physiology, meteorology, animal sciences and soil science.


lexentry: eng/ah__Interjection__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ah
trans_list: a
sense:
An expression of relief, relaxation, comfort, confusion, understanding, wonder, awe, etc. according to uttered inflection.


lexentry: eng/aiglet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aiglet
trans_list: návlečka
sense:
A tip, originally of metal and often decorative, on a ribbon or cord that makes lacing two parts of a garment or garments together easier, as in corset lacings, "points" (lacing hose or trousers to jacket or doublet) or sleeves to a bodice.


lexentry: eng/ail__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ail
trans_list: trápit
sense:
(transitive) To cause to suffer; to trouble, afflict. (Now chiefly in interrogative or indefinite constructions.)


lexentry: eng/aim__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: aim
trans_list: zamýšlet
sense:
(intransitive) To direct the intention or purpose; to attempt the accomplishment of a purpose; to try to gain; to endeavor;—followed by at, or by an infinitive


lexentry: eng/aim__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: aim
trans_list: zamířit | mířit | namířit
sense:
(transitive) To direct or point (e.g. a weapon), at a particular object; to direct, as a missile, an act, or a proceeding, at, to, or against an object


lexentry: eng/air__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: air
trans_list: vzduch
sense:
(uncountable, usually, with the) The apparently open space above the ground which this substance fills, (historical) formerly thought to be limited by the firmament but (meteorology) now considered to be surrounded by the near-vacuum of outer space.


lexentry: eng/air_filter__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: air filter
trans_list: vzduchový filtr
sense:
A filter for removing dust and other particles from a stream of air, typically used in the air intake of an internal combustion engine, the output of an air compressor, the supply duct of a forced-air furnace, etc.


lexentry: eng/air_gun__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: air gun
trans_list: vzduchovka
sense:
A gun that propels a projectile by compressed air or similar compressed gas (such as carbon dioxide).


lexentry: eng/air_rifle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: air rifle
trans_list: vzduchovka
sense:
A rifle that propels a pellet or other projectile by using compressed gas, rather than an explosion of gunpowder or other means.


lexentry: eng/air_traffic_control__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: air traffic control
trans_list: řízení letového provozu
sense:
A system designed to give assistance to aircraft, to prevent collisions and to manage aircraft flow.


lexentry: eng/airbag__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: airbag
trans_list: airbag
sense:
(automotive) A protective system in automobiles in which when a crash occurs, a bag containing nitrogen, formed by the explosive decomposition of sodium azide, quickly inflates in front of the driver or passenger, preventing injury to the head. Side air bags, including the back seat passengers, also prevent injury.


lexentry: eng/airbrush__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: airbrush
trans_list: fixírka
sense:
A miniature, handheld paint sprayer, powered by compressed air or other gas, used for delicate, artistic painting, or sometimes retouching of photographs.


lexentry: eng/aircraft_carrier__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aircraft carrier
trans_list: letadlová loď
sense:
A warship designed to carry aircraft, serving as a seagoing air base, with a deck on which aircraft can be launched and landed.


lexentry: eng/airfield__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: airfield
trans_list: letiště
sense:
(aviation) An open field designated for the taking off and landing of aircraft, but which, unlike an airport, does not necessarily have terminals or paved runways.


lexentry: eng/airport__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: airport
trans_list: letiště
sense:
An airfield (an area designated for the takeoff and landing of aircraft), including one or more runways and (for commercial airports) one or more passenger terminals.


lexentry: eng/airspace__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: airspace
trans_list: vzdušný prostor
sense:
(politics, aviation) A specified portion of the atmosphere, especially that under the technical aviation control and/or jurisdiction of a particular state over which territory (and territorial waters) it lies.


lexentry: eng/ajwain__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ajwain
trans_list: adžvan | ajowan | kmín koptský | koptský kmín
sense:
A plant in the family Apiaceae (Trachyspermum ammi), and its seed-like fruit, which is used (especially in South Asian cooking) for its thyme-like flavor.


lexentry: eng/akin__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: akin
trans_list: podobný | blízký | pokrevní | příbuzný | srovnatelný
sense:
(often, followed by to) Allied by nature; similar; partaking of the same properties; of the same kind.


lexentry: eng/alanine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alanine
trans_list: alanin
sense:
(amino acid, uncountable) A nonessential amino acid 2-aminopropanoic acid found in most animal proteins


lexentry: eng/alb__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alb
trans_list: alba
sense:
(Christianity, chiefly, _, Anglicanism, Roman Catholicism) A long, white robe worn by priests and other ministers, underneath most of the other vestments.


lexentry: eng/albatross__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: albatross
trans_list: albatros
sense:
Any of various large seabirds of the family Diomedeidae ranging widely in the Southern Ocean and the North Pacific and having a hooked beak and long narrow wings.


lexentry: eng/albedo__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: albedo
trans_list: albedo
sense:
(physics, meteorology, astronomy, optics) The fraction of incident light or radiation reflected by a surface or body, commonly expressed as a percentage.


lexentry: eng/albinism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: albinism
trans_list: albinismus
sense:
Congenital lack of melanin pigmentation in the skin, eyes, and hair or feathers (or more rarely only in the eyes); the condition of being albino.


lexentry: eng/albino__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: albino
trans_list: albínský
sense:
Congenitally lacking melanin pigmentation in the skin, eyes, and hair or feathers (or more rarely only in the eyes); born with albinism.


lexentry: eng/albino__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: albino
trans_list: albin
sense:
(countable) A person or animal congenitally lacking melanin pigmentation in the skin, eyes, and hair or feathers (or more rarely only in the eyes); one born with albinism.


lexentry: eng/albumin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: albumin
trans_list: albumin
sense:
(protein) Any of a class of monomeric proteins that are soluble in water, and are coagulated by heat; they occur in egg white, milk etc; they function as carrier protein for steroids, fatty acids, and thyroid hormones and play a role in stabilizing extracellular fluid volume.


lexentry: eng/alchemy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alchemy
trans_list: alchymie
sense:
(uncountable) The premodern and early modern study of physical changes, particularly in Europe, Arabia, and China; and chiefly in pursuit of an elixir of immortality, a universal panacea, and/or a philosopher's stone able to transmute base metals into gold, eventually developing into chemistry.


lexentry: eng/alcohol__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alcohol
trans_list: alkohol
sense:
(organic compound, countable) Any of a class of organic compounds (such as ethanol) containing a hydroxyl functional group (-OH).


lexentry: eng/alcoholism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alcoholism
trans_list: alkoholismus | alkoholizmus
sense:
A chronic disease caused by compulsive and uncontrollable consumption of alcoholic beverages, leading to addiction and deterioration in health and social functioning.


lexentry: eng/aldehyde__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aldehyde
trans_list: aldehyd
sense:
(organic compound) Any of a large class of reactive organic compounds (R·CHO) having a carbonyl functional group attached to one hydrocarbon radical and a hydrogen atom.


lexentry: eng/aldolase__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aldolase
trans_list: aldoláza
sense:
(enzyme) An enzyme, present in some tissue, that catalyses the conversion of phosphates of fructose to those of glyceraldehyde and dihydroxyacetone


lexentry: eng/aldosterone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aldosterone
trans_list: aldosteron
sense:
(steroid hormone) A mineralocorticoid hormone, secreted by the adrenal cortex, that regulates the balance of sodium and potassium in the body.


lexentry: eng/alembic__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alembic
trans_list: alembik
sense:
An early chemical apparatus, consisting of two retorts connected by a tube, used to purify substances by distillation.


lexentry: eng/aleph-null__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aleph-null
trans_list: alef nula
sense:
(set theory) The first of the transfinite cardinal numbers; corresponds to the number of natural numbers.


lexentry: eng/aleph__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aleph
trans_list: funkce alef
sense:
The first letter of the Proto-Canaanite alphabet, and its descendants in descended Semitic scripts, such as Phoenician 𐤀 (ʾ, ʾaleph), Aramaic 𐡀 (ʾ), Classical Syriac ܐ ('ālaph), Hebrew א (aleph) and Arabic ا (ʾalif).


lexentry: eng/alexandrine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alexandrine
trans_list: alexandrín
sense:
(poetry) A line of poetic meter having twelve syllables, usually divided into two or three equal parts.


lexentry: eng/alexandrite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alexandrite
trans_list: alexandrit
sense:
(mineral) A form of chrysoberyl that displays a colour change dependent upon the light source, along with strong pleochroism.


lexentry: eng/alexia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alexia
trans_list: alexie
sense:
(medicine, neurology) The inability, due to a cerebral disorder, to comprehend or understand writing.


lexentry: eng/alexin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alexin
trans_list: druhý pád
sense:
(biochemistry, dated) A protective substance that exists in the serum or other bodily fluid and is capable of killing microorganisms; complement.


lexentry: eng/alga__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alga
trans_list: řasa
sense:
(biology) Any of many aquatic photosynthetic organisms, including the seaweeds, whose size ranges from a single cell to giant kelps and whose biochemistry and forms are very diverse, some being eukaryotic.


lexentry: eng/algebra__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: algebra
trans_list: algebra
sense:
(uncountable, mathematics) Elementary algebra: A system for representing and manipulating unknown quantities (variables) in equations.


lexentry: eng/algebra__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: algebra
trans_list: algebra
sense:
(uncountable, medicine, historical, rare) The surgical treatment of a dislocated or fractured bone. Also (countable) : a dislocation or fracture.


lexentry: eng/algebraic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: algebraic
trans_list: algebraický
sense:
(mathematics, of an expression, equation, or function) Containing only numbers, letters, and arithmetic operators.


lexentry: eng/algebraic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: algebraic
trans_list: algebraický
sense:
(algebra, number theory, of a number) Which is a root of some polynomial whose coefficients are rational.


lexentry: eng/algebraic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: algebraic
trans_list: algebraický
sense:
(chess, of notation) Describing squares by file (referred to in intrinsic order rather than by the piece starting on that file) and rank, both with reference to a fixed point rather than a player-dependent perspective.


lexentry: eng/algebraic_function__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: algebraic function
trans_list: algebraická funkce
sense:
(algebraic geometry) Informally, any function expressible using (only) the operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication, division and raising to a rational power; more precisely, any continuous function definable as the root of some polynomial equation.


lexentry: eng/algebraic_geometry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: algebraic geometry
trans_list: algebraická geometrie
sense:
(mathematics) A branch of mathematics that studies algebraic varieties (solution sets of polynomial equations) and their generalisations, using techniques from both algebra (chiefly commutative algebra) and geometry.


lexentry: eng/algebraic_number__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: algebraic number
trans_list: algebraické číslo
sense:
(algebra, number theory) A complex number (more generally, an element of a number field) that is a root of a polynomial whose coefficients are integers; equivalently, a complex number (or element of a number field) that is a root of a monic polynomial whose coefficients are rational numbers.


lexentry: eng/algebraic_structure__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: algebraic structure
trans_list: algebraická struktura
sense:
(more formally) A mathematical object comprising a carrier set (aka underlying set or domain), an optional scalar set, a set of operations (typically binary operations, but otherwise each of finite arity) and a set of identities (axioms) which the operations must satisfy.


lexentry: eng/algid__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: algid
trans_list: prochladlý
sense:
(medicine) Cold, chilly; used of low body temperature, especially in connection with certain diseases such as malaria and cholera.


lexentry: eng/algorithm__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: algorithm
trans_list: algoritmus
sense:
(countable) A collection of ordered steps that solve a mathematical problem. A precise step-by-step plan for a computational procedure that possibly begins with an input value and yields an output value in a finite number of steps.


lexentry: eng/algorithm__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: algorithm
trans_list: algoritmus
sense:
(loosely) A flowchart illustrating a decision-making process for human users, especially health care professionals.


lexentry: eng/alibi__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alibi
trans_list: alibi
sense:
(legal) The plea or mode of defense under which a person on trial for a crime proves or attempts to prove being in another place when the alleged act was committed.


lexentry: eng/alien__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alien
trans_list: cizinec
sense:
A person, animal, plant, or other thing which is from outside the family, group, organization, or territory under consideration.


lexentry: eng/alienate__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alienate
trans_list: převést
sense:
To convey or transfer to another, as title, property, or right; to part voluntarily with ownership of.


lexentry: eng/alienation__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: alienation
trans_list: odcizení
sense:
(Marxism) The estrangement of people from aspects of their human nature as a consequence of the division of labour and living in a society of stratified social classes.


lexentry: eng/alight__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: alight
trans_list: vystoupit | sesednout | vysednout
sense:
Often followed by from or off: to get off an animal which one has been riding; to dismount; to descend or exit from a vehicle; hence, to complete one's journey; to stop.


lexentry: eng/align__Verb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: align
trans_list: hlasovat
sense:
(intransitive, reflexive) To identify (oneself) with, match, or support the behaviour, thoughts, etc. of another person, organization, or country.


lexentry: eng/align__Verb__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: align
trans_list: hlasovat
sense:
(transitive, computing) To store (data) in a way that is consistent with the memory architecture, i.e. by beginning each item at an offset equal to some multiple of the word size.


lexentry: eng/alignment__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: alignment
trans_list: adjustace | justáž | seřazení | seřazení do řady | uspořádání | zarovnání
sense:
The process of adjusting a mechanism such that its parts are aligned; the condition of having its parts so adjusted.


lexentry: eng/alimony__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alimony
trans_list: alimenty | výživné
sense:
(legal, sometimes, pejorative) A court-mandated allowance made to a former spouse by a divorced or legally separated person.


lexentry: eng/aliphatic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aliphatic
trans_list: alifatický
sense:
(organic chemistry) Of a class of organic compounds in which the carbon atoms are arranged in an open chain.


lexentry: eng/alive_and_kicking__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alive and kicking
trans_list: živ a zdráv
sense:
(idiomatic) Healthy; vital; in good health, particularly in opposition to unfavorable circumstances.


lexentry: eng/alkali__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alkali
trans_list: alkálie
sense:
(chemistry) One of a class of caustic bases, such as soda, soda ash, caustic soda, potash, ammonia, and lithia, whose distinguishing characteristics are dissolving in alcohol and water, uniting with oils and fats to form soap, neutralizing and forming salts with acids, turning to brown several vegetable yellows, and changing reddened litmus to blue.


lexentry: eng/alkali_metal__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alkali metal
trans_list: alkalický kov
sense:
(inorganic chemistry) Any of the soft, light, reactive metals of Group 1 of the periodic table; lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, and francium.


lexentry: eng/alkaloid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alkaloid
trans_list: alkaloid | alkaloidy
sense:
(organic chemistry) Any of many organic (often heterocyclic) bases that occur in nature and often have medicinal properties.


lexentry: eng/alkene__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alkene
trans_list: alken
sense:
(organic compound) An unsaturated, aliphatic hydrocarbon with one or more carbon–carbon double bonds.


lexentry: eng/alkylation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alkylation
trans_list: alkylace
sense:
(organic chemistry) Any reaction in which an alkyl group is added to a molecule; used in the production of high-octane petroleum fuels.


lexentry: eng/all-you-can-eat__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: all-you-can-eat
trans_list: Viking
sense:
(literally) Offering unlimited food to a diner at a restaurant for a fixed price for as long as the diner continues to eat.


lexentry: eng/all__Determiner__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: all
trans_list: všichni
sense:
Every individual or anything of the given class, with no exceptions (the noun or noun phrase denoting the class must be plural or uncountable).


lexentry: eng/all_cats_are_grey_in_the_dark__Proverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: all cats are grey in the dark
trans_list: potmě každá kráva černá
sense:
(UK, sometimes, _, vulgar, _, &, _) Sex is enjoyable regardless of the physical attractiveness or social station of one's partner.


lexentry: eng/all_hail__Interjection__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: all hail
trans_list: ať žije
sense:
Used as a friendly or respectful salutation to acclaim, greet, or welcome someone: (I wish you) all health or good fortune!


lexentry: eng/all_hail__Interjection__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: all hail
trans_list: ať žije
sense:
Chiefly followed by to (someone or something): used as a salutation to indicate that someone or something is respected or welcome.


lexentry: eng/all_rights_reserved__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: all rights reserved
trans_list: všechna práva vyhrazena
sense:
(idiomatic, legal) The copyright holder of a creative work reserves all copyright-related rights, typically including the right to publish the work, to make derivative works of it, to distribute it, to make profit from it, to license a number of these rights to other people, and to forbid these uses by any unauthorized people, thus being entitled to take legal action against infringement.


lexentry: eng/all_talk_and_no_action__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: all talk and no action
trans_list: prázdný sud nejvíc duní
sense:
(informal) Speaking, promising, or boasting much, but doing little; overpromising, but underdelivering.


lexentry: eng/all_that_glitters_is_not_gold__Proverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: all that glitters is not gold
trans_list: není všechno zlato, co se třpytí
sense:
Things that appear valuable or worthwhile might not actually be so; things that appear nice might not be as good as they appear.


lexentry: eng/allantois__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: allantois
trans_list: alantois
sense:
(anatomy) A sac, having a number of functions, that develops in the alimentary canal of the embryos of mammals, birds and reptiles.


lexentry: eng/allegorize__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: allegorize
trans_list: alegorizovat
sense:
To create an allegory from (a character, an event or situation, etc.); also, to use one or more symbols to depict (a hidden, broader message about real-world issues and occurrences).


lexentry: eng/allegory__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: allegory
trans_list: alegorie | jinotaj
sense:
(uncountable, rhetoric) The use of symbols which may be interpreted to reveal a hidden, broader message, usually a moral or political one, about real-world issues and occurrences; also, the interpretation of such symbols.


lexentry: eng/allegory__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: allegory
trans_list: alegorie | jinotaj
sense:
A picture, story, or other form of communication in which one or more characters, events, or places are used to reveal a hidden, broader message about real-world issues and occurrences.


lexentry: eng/allele__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: allele
trans_list: alela
sense:
(genetics) One of a number of alternative forms of the same gene occupying a given position, or locus, on a chromosome.


lexentry: eng/allemande__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: allemande
trans_list: allemanda
sense:
A popular instrumental dance form in Baroque music, and a standard element of a suite, generally the first or second movement.


lexentry: eng/allergic_rhinitis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: allergic rhinitis
trans_list: alergická rýma
sense:
(pathology, immunology) A group of symptoms similar to those of a cold such as runny nose and sore throat, caused by an allergic reaction to an allergen such as dust, plant pollens or animal dander.


lexentry: eng/allergy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: allergy
trans_list: alergie
sense:
(medicine, immunology, broadly) A disorder of the immune system causing adverse reactions to substances (allergens) not harmful to most and marked by the body's production of histamines and associated with atopy, anaphylaxis, and asthma; any condition of hypersensitivity to a substance.


lexentry: eng/allergy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: allergy
trans_list: alergie
sense:
(medicine, immunology, strictly) Specifically, hypersensitivity of class I in the modern classification thereof: the immunoglobulin E–mediated type.


lexentry: eng/alley__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alley
trans_list: ulička
sense:
A narrow street or passageway, especially one through the middle of a block giving access to the rear of lots of buildings.


lexentry: eng/alliance__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: alliance
trans_list: aliance
sense:
(countable) A union or connection of interests between families, states, parties, etc., especially between families by marriage and states by compact, treaty, or league.


lexentry: eng/allicin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: allicin
trans_list: alicin
sense:
(organic compound) An organic compound, diallyl thiosulfinate, obtained from garlic, with a variety of medicinal and antibacterial properties.


lexentry: eng/alligator__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alligator
trans_list: aligátor
sense:
Either of two species of large amphibious reptile, Alligator mississippiensis or Alligator sinensis, in the genus Alligator within order Crocodilia, which have sharp teeth and very strong jaws and are native to the Americas and China, respectively.


lexentry: eng/alliteration__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alliteration
trans_list: aliterace
sense:
The repetition of consonant sounds or letters at the beginning of two or more words immediately succeeding each other, or at short intervals; such repetition specifically involving stressed syllables.


lexentry: eng/allodium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: allodium
trans_list: alod | alodium
sense:
(dated, or, historical) Freehold land or property; land held in allodial tenure, or one's title to such land.


lexentry: eng/allonge__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: allonge
trans_list: alonž | přívěsek
sense:
(legal, banking) A slip of paper attached to a negotiable instrument to hold endorsements should the document itself be unable to hold any more.


lexentry: eng/allosteric__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: allosteric
trans_list: alosterický
sense:
(biochemistry, of an enzyme) That binds a compound on an inactive site and thus changes macromolecular conformation or dynamics in order to become either active or inactive


lexentry: eng/allotropy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: allotropy
trans_list: alotropie
sense:
(chemistry) A property, exhibited by some elements, of existing in multiple forms with different atomic structures.


lexentry: eng/allowance__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: allowance
trans_list: dávka
sense:
An amount, portion, or share that is allotted or granted; a sum granted as a reimbursement, a bounty, or as appropriate for any purpose.


lexentry: eng/allowance__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: allowance
trans_list: dovolení
sense:
(minting) A permissible deviation in the fineness and weight of coins, owing to the difficulty in securing exact conformity to the standard prescribed by law.


lexentry: eng/allowance__Noun__1
sense_num: 10
written_rep: allowance
trans_list: hra
sense:
(engineering) A planned deviation between an exact dimension and a nominal or theoretical dimension.


lexentry: eng/alloy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alloy
trans_list: slitina
sense:
A metal that is a combination of two or more elements, at least one of which is a metal, a base metal.


lexentry: eng/allspice__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: allspice
trans_list: nové koření
sense:
(uncountable) A spice; the dried and ground unripe fruit of Pimenta dioica, thought to combine the flavours of several spices, such as cinnamon, nutmeg and cloves.


lexentry: eng/allude__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: allude
trans_list: dělat narážky | narážet
sense:
(intransitive) To refer to something indirectly or by suggestion; to invoke it by implication rather than mention.


lexentry: eng/allusion__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: allusion
trans_list: aluze
sense:
An indirect reference; a hint; a reference to something supposed to be known, but not explicitly mentioned.


lexentry: eng/alluvium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alluvium
trans_list: naplavenina
sense:
soil, clay, silt or gravel deposited by flowing water, as it slows, in a river bed, delta, estuary or flood plain


lexentry: eng/ally__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: ally
trans_list: spojenec | spojenkyně
sense:
A person, group, state, etc., which is associated or united by treaty with another for a common (especially military or political) purpose; a confederate.


lexentry: eng/allyl__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: allyl
trans_list: allyl
sense:
(organic chemistry, especially in combination) The univalent radical, CH2=CH-CH2-, existing especially in oils of garlic and mustard.


lexentry: eng/almanac__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: almanac
trans_list: almanach
sense:
(astronomy, navigation) A book or table listing nautical, astronomical, astrological or other events for the year; sometimes, but not essentially, containing historical and statistical information.


lexentry: eng/almandine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: almandine
trans_list: almandin
sense:
(mineral) A type of garnet having a deep red color, inclining to purple, with the chemical formula Fe3Al2(SiO4)3.


lexentry: eng/almond__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: almond
trans_list: mandle
sense:
(uncountable) The colour of the kernel of an almond without its shell and thin seed coat, a creamy off-white colour.


lexentry: eng/aloe__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aloe
trans_list: aloe
sense:
(in the plural) The resins of the tree Aquilaria malaccensis (syn. Aquilaria agallocha), known for their fragrant aroma, produced after infection by the fungus Phialophora parasitica.


lexentry: eng/alopecia__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: alopecia
trans_list: alopecie
sense:
(medicine) Loss of hair (especially on the head) or loss of wool or feathers, whether natural or caused by disease.


lexentry: eng/alpaca__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alpaca
trans_list: alpaka
sense:
A sheep-like domesticated animal of the Andes, Vicugna pacos, in the camel family, closely related to the llama, guanaco, and vicuña.


lexentry: eng/alpha__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alpha
trans_list: alfa
sense:
The name of the first letter of the Greek alphabet (Α, α), followed by beta. In the Latin alphabet it is the predecessor to A.


lexentry: eng/alpha_particle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alpha particle
trans_list: částice alfa
sense:
(physics) A doubly positively charged nucleus of a helium-4 atom (consisting of two protons and two neutrons), emitted as a consequence of radioactivity; α-particle


lexentry: eng/alphabet__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: alphabet
trans_list: abeceda
sense:
A writing system in which letters represent phonemes. (Contrast e.g. logography, a writing system in which each character represents a word, and syllabary, in which each character represents a syllable.)


lexentry: eng/alphabetical_order__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alphabetical order
trans_list: abecední řazení
sense:
The sequence of a collection of items (such as words in a dictionary) arranged in order by position in the alphabet.


lexentry: eng/alphorn__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alphorn
trans_list: alpský roh
sense:
(musical instruments) A long, curved, wooden horn used by mountain-dwelling herders in the Alps, originally to call cattle but now only as musical instrument in classical and folk tunes.


lexentry: eng/alpine_chough__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alpine chough
trans_list: kavče žlutozobé
sense:
A species of bird in the crow family (Corvidae) (Pyrrhocorax graculus), that breeds locally in the highest mountains of southern Europe, the Alps, across central Asia and India.


lexentry: eng/alt-right__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alt-right
trans_list: alternativní pravice
sense:
(uncountable) An amorphous movement of right-wing white nationalists opposed to multiculturalism and egalitarianism by race and sex, mostly active on the Internet.


lexentry: eng/alt_key__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alt key
trans_list: alt
sense:
(computing) A key on a personal computer or terminal keyboard used in combination to alter the function of other keys.


lexentry: eng/altar_server__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: altar server
trans_list: ministrant
sense:
(Christianity) A layperson, often a child or adolescent, who assists a member of the clergy during a Christian liturgy, attending to supporting tasks at the altar.


lexentry: eng/alter_ego__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: alter ego
trans_list: alter ego
sense:
(law) A corporation used by a person to conduct personal business in an attempt to shield himself or herself from personal liability, and which a court may penetrate by "piercing the corporate veil" to impose liability on the person when they commit fraud or injustice.


lexentry: eng/alternate__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alternate
trans_list: střídavý
sense:
Happening by turns; one following the other in succession of time or place; first one and then the other (repeatedly).


lexentry: eng/alternate__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: alternate
trans_list: alternativní | náhradní | střídavý
sense:
(mathematics) Designating the members in a series, which regularly intervene between the members of another series, as the odd or even numbers of the numerals; every other; every second.


lexentry: eng/alternate__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: alternate
trans_list: náhrada
sense:
(US) A substitute; an alternative; one designated to take the place of another, if necessary, in performing some duty.


lexentry: eng/alternate__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alternate
trans_list: střídat se | střídat
sense:
(transitive) To perform by turns, or in succession; to cause to succeed by turns; to interchange regularly.


lexentry: eng/alternating_current__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alternating current
trans_list: střídavý proud
sense:
(physics) An electric current in which the direction of flow of the electrons reverses periodically.


lexentry: eng/alternation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alternation
trans_list: alternace
sense:
The reciprocal succession of (normally two) things in time or place; the act of following and being followed by turns; alternate succession, performance, or occurrence


lexentry: eng/alternative__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alternative
trans_list: alternativa
sense:
A situation which allows a mutually exclusive choice between two or more possibilities; a choice between two or more possibilities. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/alternative_hypothesis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alternative hypothesis
trans_list: alternativní hypotéza
sense:
(statistics) A rival hypothesis to the null hypothesis. Their likelihoods are compared by a statistical hypothesis test.


lexentry: eng/alternative_investment_fund__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alternative investment fund
trans_list: alternativní investiční fond
sense:
(finance) collective investment scheme investing in all asset classes and a wide range of financial instruments


lexentry: eng/alternative_medicine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alternative medicine
trans_list: alternativní medicína
sense:
Any of various pseudoscientific medical methods and practices used in place of, or as well as, conventional (scientific) medicine.


lexentry: eng/alternator__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alternator
trans_list: alternátor
sense:
(electrical engineering) An electric generator which produces alternating current through mechanical means.


lexentry: eng/although__Conjunction__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: although
trans_list: ačkoliv | ač
sense:
Though, even though, in spite of or despite the fact that: introducing a clause that expresses a concession.


lexentry: eng/altitude__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: altitude
trans_list: výška
sense:
(geometry) The distance measured perpendicularly from a figure's vertex to the opposite side of the vertex.


lexentry: eng/altitude_sickness__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: altitude sickness
trans_list: AHN
sense:
(medicine) A pathological condition caused by oxygen deficiency at high altitudes; symptoms include shortness of breath, nausea, and nosebleed.


lexentry: eng/alto__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alto
trans_list: alt
sense:
A musical part or section higher than tenor and lower than soprano, formerly the part that performed a countermelody above the tenor or main melody.


lexentry: eng/alto_saxophone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alto saxophone
trans_list: altsaxofon
sense:
A member of the saxophone family of woodwind instruments that is smaller than the tenor saxophone but larger than the soprano saxophone, with a range of D♭3 to A♭5 or similar.


lexentry: eng/altruism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: altruism
trans_list: altruismus
sense:
Regard for others, both natural and moral without regard for oneself; devotion to the interests of others; brotherly kindness.


lexentry: eng/altruism__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: altruism
trans_list: altruismus
sense:
(biology, sociobiology) Action or behaviour that benefits another or others at some cost to the performer.


lexentry: eng/alum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alum
trans_list: kamenec
sense:
An astringent salt, usually occurring in the form of pale crystals, much used in the dyeing and tanning trade and in certain medicines, and now understood to be a double sulphate of potassium and aluminium (K2SO4·Al2(SO4)3·24H2O). [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/alum__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: alum
trans_list: kamenec
sense:
(inorganic compound) Any similar double sulphate in which either or both of the potassium and aluminium is wholly or partly replaced by other univalent or tervalent cations. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/alumina__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alumina
trans_list: oxid hlinitý
sense:
Aluminum oxide, especially when used in mining, material sciences or ceramics, a refractory solid compound.


lexentry: eng/aluminate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aluminate
trans_list: hlinitan
sense:
(chemistry) A compound, containing aluminium and oxygen with more electropositive elements, that is a salt of the hypothetical aluminic acid


lexentry: eng/aluminium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aluminium
trans_list: hliník
sense:
A light, silvery metal extracted from bauxite, and a chemical element (symbol Al) with an atomic number of 13.


lexentry: eng/aluminium_foil__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aluminium foil
trans_list: alobal
sense:
(Australia, Britain, New Zealand) A very thin, pliable, easily torn sheet of aluminium used for cooking, packaging, cosmetics, and insulation.


lexentry: eng/aluminium_oxide__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aluminium oxide
trans_list: oxid hlinitý
sense:
(inorganic compound) The solid, Al2O3, commonly known as alumina; it occurs as bauxite, sapphire, ruby and other forms; it is used in the manufacture of ceramics


lexentry: eng/alunite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alunite
trans_list: alunit
sense:
(mineral) A gray whitish, water-soluble mineral, potassium aluminium sulphate; the natural source of alum, KAl3(SO4)2(OH)6.


lexentry: eng/alveolar__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: alveolar
trans_list: alveolární | dásňový
sense:
(phonetics) Formed with the tongue touching or approaching the inner ridge of the gums of the upper front teeth.


lexentry: eng/alveolus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alveolus
trans_list: plicní sklípek
sense:
(anatomy) Any of the many tiny air sacs in the lungs in which the bronchioles terminate and where oxygen and carbon dioxide are rapidly exchanged with the pulmonary capillaries.


lexentry: eng/always__Adverb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: always
trans_list: pořád | vždy
sense:
Constantly during a certain period, or regularly at stated intervals (opposed to sometimes or occasionally).


lexentry: eng/amadou__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amadou
trans_list: hubka
sense:
A spongy, flammable substance prepared from bracket fungi, formerly used as a styptic and as tinder.


lexentry: eng/amalgamated__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amalgamated
trans_list: spojený
sense:
Combined from two or more entities into one specific entity whilst retaining the defining characteristics of the original source entities.


lexentry: eng/amalgamation__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: amalgamation
trans_list: slitina
sense:
(specifically) The production of an alloy of mercury and another metal, especially used in antiquity to extract gold and silver from ores.


lexentry: eng/amaranth_family__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amaranth family
trans_list: laskavcovité
sense:
(botany, taxonomic name) The taxonomic family Amaranthaceae, containing plants such as amaranths and goosefoots.


lexentry: eng/amaretto__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amaretto
trans_list: amaretto
sense:
(uncountable, countable) A sweet-bitter liqueur originating from Italy (but also produced in Turkey), flavored with almonds and a secret blend-specific mix of some 200 ingredients such as the pits from apricots, peaches, cherries or other stone fruits.


lexentry: eng/amateurish__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amateurish
trans_list: amatérský
sense:
(pejorative) Suggesting or reflecting the efforts of an amateur; not seeming professional or polished.


lexentry: eng/amatonormativity__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amatonormativity
trans_list: amatonormativita
sense:
(neologism) The assumption that all human beings pursue love or romance, especially by means of a monogamous long-term relationship.


lexentry: eng/amazement__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amazement
trans_list: úžas | ohromení
sense:
(uncountable) The condition of being amazed; a state of overwhelming wonder, as from surprise or sudden fear, horror, or admiration; astonishment.


lexentry: eng/ambassador__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ambassador
trans_list: velvyslanec | velvyslankyně
sense:
A diplomat of the highest rank sent to a foreign court to represent there their sovereign or country. (Sometimes called ambassador-in-residence)


lexentry: eng/amber__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: amber
trans_list: jantar
sense:
A hard, generally yellow to brown translucent or transparent fossil resin from extinct coniferous trees of the pine genus, used for jewellery, decoration and later dissolved as a binder in varnishes. One variety, blue amber, appears blue rather than yellow under direct sunlight. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/ambergris__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ambergris
trans_list: ambra
sense:
A solid, waxy, flammable substance of a dull grey or blackish color, produced in the intestines of the sperm whale. It is used in perfumes.


lexentry: eng/amberjack__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amberjack
trans_list: vorvaň
sense:
Any of several large food and game yellowtail fishes of the genus Seriola, found in warm waters of all oceans.


lexentry: eng/ambigram__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ambigram
trans_list: ambigram
sense:
A calligraphic design that may be read as the same word or phrase (or sometimes different words or phrases) when oriented in two different ways, usually when reflected along a vertical or horizontal axis or when rotated through 180 degrees.


lexentry: eng/ambiguity__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: ambiguity
trans_list: dvojsmysl | mnohoznačnost
sense:
(countable) An instance of this state: words or statements that are open to more than one interpretation, explanation or meaning, especially if that meaning cannot be determined from the context.


lexentry: eng/ambition__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ambition
trans_list: ctižádost | ambice
sense:
(uncountable, countable) Eager or inordinate desire for some object that confers distinction, as preferment, honor, superiority, political power, or fame; desire to distinguish one's self from other people.


lexentry: eng/ambition__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: ambition
trans_list: ctižádost | ambice
sense:
(obsolete) The act of going about to solicit or obtain an office, or any other object of desire; canvassing.


lexentry: eng/ambitious__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ambitious
trans_list: ctižádostivý | ambiciózní
sense:
(of a person or their character) Having or showing ambition; wanting a lot of power, honor, respect, superiority, or other distinction.


lexentry: eng/ambivalent__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ambivalent
trans_list: ambivalentní | rozporuplný
sense:
Simultaneously experiencing or expressing opposing or contradictory feelings, beliefs, motivations, or meanings.


lexentry: eng/amblyopia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amblyopia
trans_list: tupozrakost
sense:
Dimness or blurring of the eyesight due to a fault in transmission of signals to the brain from an otherwise healthy eye.


lexentry: eng/ambrosia__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: ambrosia
trans_list: ambrosie
sense:
Any fungus of a number of species that insects such as ambrosia beetles carry as symbionts, "farming" them on poor-quality food such as wood, where they grow, providing food for the insect.


lexentry: eng/ambulance__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ambulance
trans_list: sanitka | ambulance | sanitní vůz | sanita | sanitní vozidlo
sense:
An emergency vehicle designed for transporting seriously ill or injured people to a hospital. [1854]


lexentry: eng/amend__Verb__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: amend
trans_list: napravit | napravovat
sense:
(transitive) To make a formal alteration (in legislation, a report, etc.) by adding, deleting, or rephrasing.


lexentry: eng/amendment__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: amendment
trans_list: dodatek
sense:
In public bodies, any alteration made or proposed to be made in a bill or motion that adds, changes, substitutes, or omits.


lexentry: eng/amide__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amide
trans_list: amid
sense:
(organic chemistry) Any derivative of an oxoacid in which the hydroxyl group has been replaced with an amino or substituted amino group; especially such derivatives of a carboxylic acid, the carboxamides or acid amides


lexentry: eng/amide__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: amide
trans_list: amid
sense:
(inorganic chemistry) Any ionic derivative of ammonia in which a hydrogen atom has been replaced with a metal cation (R-NH- or R2N-)


lexentry: eng/aminal__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aminal
trans_list: amin
sense:
(organic chemistry) Any organic compound having two amino functional groups attached to the same carbon atom - R2C(NR2)2


lexentry: eng/amino_acid__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: amino acid
trans_list: aminokyselina
sense:
(amino acid) Any of the twenty naturally occurring α-amino acids (having the amino, and carboxylic acid groups on the same carbon atom), and a variety of side chains, that combine, via peptide bonds, to form proteins.


lexentry: eng/amino_sugar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amino sugar
trans_list: aminocukr
sense:
(organic chemistry) any monosaccharide in which a single hydroxy group has been replaced by an amino group


lexentry: eng/aminopeptidase__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aminopeptidase
trans_list: aminopeptidáza
sense:
(enzyme) Any of several enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of the peptide bond of the terminal amino acid at the amino end of a polypeptide or protein


lexentry: eng/ammonia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ammonia
trans_list: amoniak | čpavek
sense:
(inorganic compound) A gaseous, toxic compound of hydrogen and nitrogen, NH3, with a pungent smell and taste.


lexentry: eng/ammonium_chloride__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ammonium chloride
trans_list: chlorid amonný
sense:
(inorganic compound) A water-soluble salt of ammonia and hydrochloric acid, having the formula NH4Cl.


lexentry: eng/ammonium_nitrate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ammonium nitrate
trans_list: dusičnan amonný
sense:
(inorganic compound) The ammonium salt of nitric acid, NH4NO3; it is used in fertilizers and explosives (notoriously in improvised explosive devices, though its main importance is as an explosive in its own right and in mixtures such as amatol and ANFO).


lexentry: eng/ammunition__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ammunition
trans_list: munice | střelivo
sense:
Articles used in charging firearms and ordnance of all kinds; as powder, balls, shot, shells, percussion caps, rockets, etc.


lexentry: eng/amnesty__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: amnesty
trans_list: amnestie
sense:
An act of the sovereign power granting oblivion, or a general pardon, for a past offense, as to subjects concerned in an insurrection.


lexentry: eng/amniocentesis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amniocentesis
trans_list: amniocentéza
sense:
(medicine) A procedure for obtaining amniotic fluid from a pregnant animal, by inserting a hollow needle through the abdominal wall and into the amniotic sac. Used in diagnosing possible genetic defects and/or obstetric complications.


lexentry: eng/amnion__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amnion
trans_list: amnion
sense:
(anatomy) The innermost membrane of the fetal membranes of reptiles, birds, and mammals; the sac in which the embryo is suspended.


lexentry: eng/amniotic_fluid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amniotic fluid
trans_list: plodová voda | amniální tekutina
sense:
(zoology) In placental mammals, a fluid contained within the amnion membrane that surrounds a developing embryo or fetus.


lexentry: eng/amoeba__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amoeba
trans_list: améba | měňavka
sense:
(biology) A member of the genus Amoeba of unicellular protozoa that moves by means of temporary projections called pseudopodia.


lexentry: eng/amoebiasis__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: amoebiasis
trans_list: amébiáza
sense:
(medicine) An infectious disease caused by the parasitic protozoan Entamoeba histolytica; amoebic dysentery.


lexentry: eng/amorphous__Adjective__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: amorphous
trans_list: amorfní
sense:
(physics) In the non-crystalline solid state of, or being a non-crystalline counterpart to, a crystalline solid.


lexentry: eng/amortization__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: amortization
trans_list: odpis
sense:
The distribution of the cost of an intangible asset, such as an intellectual property right, over the projected useful life of the asset.


lexentry: eng/amount__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amount
trans_list: množství
sense:
The total, aggregate or sum of material (not applicable to discrete numbers or units or items in standard English).


lexentry: eng/amount_of_substance__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amount of substance
trans_list: látkové množství
sense:
(physical chemistry) The number of particles or formula units (depending on type) present of some substance in some sample; SI unit: mole.


lexentry: eng/amoxicillin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amoxicillin
trans_list: amoxicilin
sense:
(pharmaceutical drug) A moderate-spectrum, bacteriolytic beta-lactam antibiotic C16H19N3O5S closely related to ampicillin and with similar properties, but more readily absorbed when taken orally. It is used to treat bacterial infections caused by susceptible microorganisms.


lexentry: eng/ampere-hour__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ampere-hour
trans_list: ampérhodina
sense:
(physics) a unit of electric charge, equal to the charge transferred by a current of one ampere in one hour through a specified point in a circuit, equal to 3600 coulombs.


lexentry: eng/ampere__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ampere
trans_list: ampér
sense:
A unit of electrical current, the standard base unit in the International System of Units; colloquially amp. Abbreviation: amp, Symbol: A


lexentry: eng/amphibian__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amphibian
trans_list: obojživelník
sense:
An animal of the Amphibia; any vertebrate that does not have amniotic eggs, living both on land and in water.


lexentry: eng/amphibole__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amphibole
trans_list: amfibol
sense:
(mineral) Any of a large group of structurally similar hydrated double silicate minerals, containing various combinations of sodium, calcium, magnesium, iron, and aluminium.


lexentry: eng/amphitheatre__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amphitheatre
trans_list: amfiteátr
sense:
An open, outdoor theatre (which may be a theatre in the round, or have a stage with seating on only one side), especially one from the classical period of ancient Greece or Rome, or a modern venue of similar design.


lexentry: eng/amphora__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amphora
trans_list: amfora
sense:
(chiefly, _, historical) A large vessel, especially a thin-necked clay vat used in ancient Greece and Rome for storing and transporting wine and oil.


lexentry: eng/amphoric__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: amphoric
trans_list: amforový
sense:
(medicine) Produced by or indicating a hollow cavity in the lungs, giving a sound like that produced by blowing into an empty decanter.


lexentry: eng/amplifier__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: amplifier
trans_list: zesilovač
sense:
(electronics) An appliance or circuit that increases the strength of a weak electrical signal without changing the other characteristics of the signal.


lexentry: eng/amplitude__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: amplitude
trans_list: amplituda
sense:
(mathematics) The maximum absolute value of the vertical component of a curve or function, especially one that is periodic.


lexentry: eng/amplitude_modulation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amplitude modulation
trans_list: amplitudová modulace
sense:
(radio) A method of sending information by modifying (modulating) the intensity (amplitude) of a carrier wave.


lexentry: eng/amulet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amulet
trans_list: amulet
sense:
A religious article, protective charm, or ornament, usually bearing cultural or magical symbols, worn for protection against ill will, negative influences, or evil spirits.


lexentry: eng/amuse__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amuse
trans_list: bavit
sense:
(transitive) To entertain or occupy (someone or something) in a pleasant manner; to stir (someone) with pleasing emotions.


lexentry: eng/amygdala__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amygdala
trans_list: amygdala
sense:
(neuroanatomy) Each one of the two regions of the brain, located as a pair in the medial temporal lobe, believed to play a key role in processing emotions, such as fear and pleasure, in both animals and humans.


lexentry: eng/amygdalin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amygdalin
trans_list: amygdalin
sense:
(biochemistry) A glycoside of benzaldehyde and hydrogen cyanide found in bitter almonds, and in the kernels of some other fruit.


lexentry: eng/amylase__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amylase
trans_list: amyláza
sense:
(enzyme) Any of a class of digestive enzymes, present in saliva and also contributed to the gut by the exocrine pancreas, that break down complex carbohydrates such as starch into simpler sugars such as glucose.


lexentry: eng/an_arm_and_a_leg__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: an arm and a leg
trans_list: ledvina
sense:
(idiomatic, hyperbole) Usually used after the verb cost, but also often charge, pay, and spend: a very high price for an item or service; an exorbitant price


lexentry: eng/an_eye_for_an_eye,_a_tooth_for_a_tooth__Proverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth
trans_list: oko za oko, zub za zub
sense:
(idiomatic) compensation for injury caused by a person, in the form of inflicting of an identical injury on that person.


lexentry: eng/anabiosis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anabiosis
trans_list: anabioze
sense:
(biology) A state of suspended animation, especially during extreme drought; the act of recovering from this state.


lexentry: eng/anachronism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anachronism
trans_list: anachronismus
sense:
A chronological mistake; the erroneous dating of an event, circumstance, or object. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]


lexentry: eng/anachronism__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: anachronism
trans_list: anachronismus
sense:
A person or thing which seems to belong to a different time or period of time. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]


lexentry: eng/anachronistic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anachronistic
trans_list: anachronický
sense:
Erroneous in date; containing an anachronism; in a wrong time; not applicable to or not appropriate for the time.


lexentry: eng/anachronistic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: anachronistic
trans_list: anachronický
sense:
(of a person) Having opinions from the past; preferring things or values of the past; behind the times; overly conservative.


lexentry: eng/anaconda__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anaconda
trans_list: anakonda
sense:
(countable) Any large nonvenomous snake of the genus Eunectes, found mainly in northern South America. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]


lexentry: eng/anal-retentive__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anal-retentive
trans_list: přesný
sense:
(psychology, Freudian) Preoccupied with achieving perfection, order and control and with collecting, possessing, and retaining objects.


lexentry: eng/anal__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: anal
trans_list: anální
sense:
(psychoanalysis) Of the stage in psychosexual development when the child's interest is alleged to be concentrated on the anal region. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]


lexentry: eng/anal_sex__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anal sex
trans_list: anální sex
sense:
A sexual activity involving stimulation of a sexual partner's anus or rectum, especially by penetration with a penis or other object.


lexentry: eng/analgesic__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: analgesic
trans_list: analgetikum
sense:
(pharmacology) Any medicine, such as aspirin, that reduces pain, especially without inducing a loss of other sensation. (Contrast anesthetic.)


lexentry: eng/analog__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: analog
trans_list: analogový | spojitý
sense:
(of a device or system) In which the value of a data item (such as time) is represented by a continuous(ly) variable physical quantity that can be measured (such as the shadow of a sundial).


lexentry: eng/analogous__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: analogous
trans_list: analogický | obdobný
sense:
Having analogy, the status of an analogue; corresponding to something else; bearing some resemblance or similar proportion (often followed by "to".)


lexentry: eng/analogy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: analogy
trans_list: analogie
sense:
A relationship of resemblance or equivalence between two situations, people, or objects, especially when used as a basis for explanation or extrapolation.


lexentry: eng/analphabet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: analphabet
trans_list: analfabet
sense:
A person who does not know the letters of the alphabet; a partly or wholly illiterate person. [from mid 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/analysis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: analysis
trans_list: analýza | rozbor
sense:
(countable) Decomposition into components in order to study (a complex thing, concept, theory etc.).


lexentry: eng/analysis__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: analysis
trans_list: analýza
sense:
(uncountable, mathematics) A broad field of study in modern mathematics (often mentioned alongside algebra) which developed out of the calculus, concerned with the behavior of functions, sequences, series, limits, metric spaces, measures and more.


lexentry: eng/analysis__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: analysis
trans_list: analýza | rozbor
sense:
(countable, analytical chemistry, physical chemistry) The process of breaking down a substance into its constituent parts, or the result of this process.


lexentry: eng/analytic_function__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: analytic function
trans_list: analytická funkce
sense:
(analysis) Any smooth (infinitely differentiable) function f, defined on an open set D\subseteq \mathbb{C}\ (\textit{ or }\subseteq\mathbb{R}), whose value in some neighbourhood of any given point x_0 \in D is given by the Taylor series \textstyle \sum_{n=0}^{\infty} \frac{f^{(n)}(x_0)}{n!} (x-x_0)^{n}.


lexentry: eng/analytic_philosophy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: analytic philosophy
trans_list: analytická filozofie
sense:
(philosophy) An analytical tradition focused on identifying and addressing philosophical problems through structured understanding of logical and language analysis techniques, originating in the early 20th century in Britain and Europe and later gaining prominence in the United States.


lexentry: eng/analyze__Verb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: analyze
trans_list: analyzovat
sense:
(transitive) To examine in such a manner as to ascertain the elements or nature of the thing examined; as, to analyze a fossil substance, to analyze a sentence or a word, or to analyze an action to ascertain its morality.


lexentry: eng/anapest__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: anapest
trans_list: anapest
sense:
(prosody) In quantitative meter, a metrical foot consisting of three syllables, two short, then one long.


lexentry: eng/anaphase__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anaphase
trans_list: anafáze
sense:
(cytology) The stage of mitosis and meiosis during which the chromosomes separate, the chromatid moving to opposite poles of the cell.


lexentry: eng/anaphora__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anaphora
trans_list: anafora
sense:
(figure of speech) The repetition of a phrase at the beginning of phrases, sentences, or verses, used for emphasis.


lexentry: eng/anaphylactic_shock__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anaphylactic shock
trans_list: anafylaktický šok
sense:
A severe and rapid systemic allergic reaction to an allergen, constricting the trachea and causing generalized vasodilation.


lexentry: eng/anarchism__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: anarchism
trans_list: anarchismus
sense:
(by extension) A political and philosophical belief that proposes the establishment of a stateless society as well as the abolition of authority and hierarchy in most or all forms.


lexentry: eng/anarchist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anarchist
trans_list: anarchista | anarchistka
sense:
One who believes in or advocates the absence of hierarchy and authority in most forms (compare anarchism), especially one who works toward the realization of such.


lexentry: eng/anarcho-capitalism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anarcho-capitalism
trans_list: anarchokapitalismus
sense:
(politics, economics) A political and economic philosophy that advocates the elimination of the state and other coercive institutions in favour of individual self-ownership, voluntary society, and free market.


lexentry: eng/anarcho-syndicalism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anarcho-syndicalism
trans_list: anarchosyndikalismus
sense:
A branch or field of anarchism that focuses on the abolition of capitalism through the organization of revolutionary worker syndicates.


lexentry: eng/anastomosis__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: anastomosis
trans_list: anastomóza
sense:
(surgery) The surgical creation of a connecting passage between blood vessels, bowels or other channels.


lexentry: eng/anathema__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anathema
trans_list: anathéma
sense:
(ecclesiastical, historical) A ban or curse pronounced with religious solemnity by ecclesiastical authority, often accompanied by excommunication; something denounced as accursed. [from early 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/anatomy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anatomy
trans_list: anatomie
sense:
The art of studying the different parts of any organized body, to discover their situation, structure, and economy.


lexentry: eng/ancestor__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ancestor
trans_list: předek
sense:
One from whom a person is descended, whether on the father's or mother's side, at any distance of time; a progenitor; a forefather; a forebear.


lexentry: eng/anchorman__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anchorman
trans_list: anker
sense:
(television, radio) The main host of a television or radio program, particularly one relating to the broadcast of news.


lexentry: eng/anchovy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anchovy
trans_list: ančovička | sardel
sense:
Any small saltwater fish of the Engraulidae family, consisting of 160 species in sixteen genera, of which the genus Engraulis is widely sold as food.


lexentry: eng/ancient__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: ancient
trans_list: dávný | starobylý | starověký | pradávný | prastarý
sense:
Existent or occurring in time long past, usually in remote ages; belonging to or associated with antiquity; old, as opposed to modern.


lexentry: eng/ancient__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: ancient
trans_list: antický | starověký
sense:
(history) Relating to antiquity as a primarily European historical period; the time before the Middle Ages.


lexentry: eng/ancient_history__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ancient history
trans_list: Antika
sense:
A period of history generally seen as occurring before the Middle Ages, that is, before the fall of the Roman Empire. Includes Ancient Egypt, Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome.


