# translation

lexentry: eng/acetylcysteine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acetylcysteine
trans_list: acetylocysteina
sense:
(organic compound, pharmaceutical drug) An acetylated form of the amino acid cysteine (trademark Mucomyst), which is an antioxidant used as a mucolytic agent and in the treatment of paracetamol poisoning.


lexentry: eng/acetylene__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: acetylene
trans_list: acetylen
sense:
(organic compound, uncountable) Ethyne; the simplest alkyne, a hydrocarbon of formula HC≡CH. It is a colourless, odourless, extremely flammable, explosive gas, formerly used as an illuminating gas, but now used in welding and metallurgy.


lexentry: eng/acetylenic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acetylenic
trans_list: acetylenowy
sense:
(organic chemistry) Of or pertaining to acetylene or its derivatives; having a carbon-to-carbon triple bond


lexentry: eng/acetylglucosamine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acetylglucosamine
trans_list: acetyloglikozamina
sense:
(biochemistry) An amide derivative of glucose that forms part of the peptidoglycan of bacterial cell walls


lexentry: eng/acetylsalicylic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acetylsalicylic
trans_list: acetylosalicylowy
sense:
(organic chemistry) Describing any derivative of salicylic acid in which the phenolic hydroxyl has been acetylated.


lexentry: eng/ache__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ache
trans_list: boleć
sense:
(intransitive, stative) To suffer pain; to be the source of, or be in, pain, especially continued dull pain; to be distressed.


lexentry: eng/acheiropoieton__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acheiropoieton
trans_list: acheiropita
sense:
(chiefly, Eastern Orthodoxy) A religion icon (chiefly of Christ or the Virgin Mary) believed not to have been created by human hands; a miraculous image.


lexentry: eng/achieve__Verb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: achieve
trans_list: osiągnąć | osiągać
sense:
(transitive) To obtain, or gain (a desired result, objective etc.), as the result of exertion; to succeed in gaining; to win. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/achromatopsia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: achromatopsia
trans_list: achromatopsja | achromatyzm
sense:
Full or partial color blindness; the inability to distinguish colors due to the absence of cone cells in the eyes.


lexentry: eng/acid_jazz__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acid jazz
trans_list: acid jazz
sense:
(music genre, jazz) A genre of popular music combining jazz with elements of soul music, funk and disco.


lexentry: eng/acid_rain__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acid rain
trans_list: kwaśny deszcz
sense:
Rain which is unusually acidic (pH of less than the natural range of 5 to 6); caused mainly by atmospheric pollution with sulphur dioxide, carbon dioxide and nitrogen compounds.


lexentry: eng/acidaemia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acidaemia
trans_list: acydemia | acydoza | kwasica
sense:
(medicine) a medical condition marked by an abnormally high concentration of hydrogen ions in a person's blood


lexentry: eng/acidic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acidic
trans_list: kwasowy
sense:
(chemistry) Having a pH less than 7, or being sour, or having the strength to neutralize alkalis, or turning a litmus paper red.


lexentry: eng/acidimetry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acidimetry
trans_list: acydymetria
sense:
(chemistry) The measurement of the strength of acids, especially by a chemical process based on the law of chemical combinations, or the fact that, to produce a complete reaction, a certain definite weight of reagent is required.


lexentry: eng/acknowledge__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: acknowledge
trans_list: uznawać | uznać
sense:
(transitive) To own or recognize in a particular quality, character or relationship; to admit the claims or authority of; to give recognition to.


lexentry: eng/acknowledgment__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: acknowledgment
trans_list: akceptacja
sense:
The act of recognizing in a particular character or relationship; recognition of existence, authority, truth, or genuineness.


lexentry: eng/acknowledgment__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: acknowledgment
trans_list: kwit
sense:
A message from the addressee informing the originator that the originator's communication has been received and understood.


lexentry: eng/acknowledgment__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: acknowledgment
trans_list: kwit
sense:
(telecommunications, computing, networking) A response (ACK) sent by a receiver to indicate successful receipt of a transmission (See Wikipedia article on transmission).


lexentry: eng/acme__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acme
trans_list: apogeum
sense:
A high point: the highest point of any range, the most developed stage of any process, or the culmination of any field or historical period. [c. 1610]


lexentry: eng/acolyte__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acolyte
trans_list: akolita | akolitka
sense:
(Christianity) One who has received the highest of the four minor orders in the Catholic Church, being ordained to carry the wine, water and lights at Mass.


lexentry: eng/aconite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aconite
trans_list: tojad | akonit
sense:
The herb wolfsbane, or monkshood; any plant of the genus Aconitum, all the species of which are poisonous.


lexentry: eng/acorn__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: acorn
trans_list: żołądź
sense:
(nautical) A cone-shaped piece of wood on the point of the spindle above the vane, on the mast-head.


lexentry: eng/acoustic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: acoustic
trans_list: akustyczny
sense:
(music, musical instrument) Naturally producing or produced by an instrument without electrical amplification or the need thereof.


lexentry: eng/acoustic__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acoustic
trans_list: akustyka
sense:
(usually, in the plural) The properties or qualities of a room or building that determine how sound is transmitted in it.


lexentry: eng/acqua_alta__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acqua alta
trans_list: acqua alta
sense:
A phenomenon that regularly occurs in the city of Venice, Italy, typically during high and spring tide, involving the flooding of the most low-lying areas of Venice.


lexentry: eng/acquaintance__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acquaintance
trans_list: znajomość
sense:
(uncountable) A state of being acquainted with a person; originally indicating friendship, intimacy, but now suggesting a slight knowledge less deep than that of friendship; acquaintanceship. [from 12th c.]


lexentry: eng/acquiesce__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acquiesce
trans_list: przyzwalać
sense:
(intransitive, with in (or sometimes with, to)) To rest satisfied, or apparently satisfied, or to rest without opposition and discontent (usually implying previous opposition or discontent); to accept or consent by silence or by omitting to object.


lexentry: eng/acquiesce__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: acquiesce
trans_list: godzić się
sense:
(intransitive) To concur upon conviction; to assent to; usually, to concur, not heartily but so far as to forbear opposition.


lexentry: eng/acquiescence__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acquiescence
trans_list: potulność | przyzwolenie
sense:
A silent or passive assent or submission, or a submission with apparent consent, distinguished from avowed consent on the one hand, and on the other, from opposition or open discontent; quiet satisfaction.


lexentry: eng/acquired_taste__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: acquired taste
trans_list: specyficzny
sense:
(idiomatic) Something that is appreciated only after having initially been regarded as unappealing or unpleasant; a person who is regarded as difficult or dislikable but of whom at least some have grown to approve.


lexentry: eng/acquittal__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: acquittal
trans_list: uniewinnianie
sense:
(legal) A legal decision that someone is not guilty with which they have been charged, or the formal dismissal of a charge by some other legal process. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/acridine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acridine
trans_list: akrydyna
sense:
(uncountable, organic compound) A tricyclic aromatic heterocycle, dibenzopyridine, obtained from coal tar; it is used in the manufacture of dyes and drugs


lexentry: eng/acrimonious__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: acrimonious
trans_list: kłótliwy | ostry
sense:
(figuratively) Angry, acid, and sharp in delivering argumentative replies: bitter, mean-spirited, sharp in language or tone. [from early 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/acritarch__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acritarch
trans_list: acritarcha
sense:
(paleontology, palynology) Any small, non-acid-soluble (i.e. non-carbonate, non-siliceous) organic fossil that cannot be classified.


lexentry: eng/acrobat__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acrobat
trans_list: akrobata | akrobatka
sense:
An athlete who performs acts requiring skill, agility and coordination, often as part of a circus performance.


lexentry: eng/acrocyanosis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acrocyanosis
trans_list: akrocyjanoza
sense:
(pathology) A persistent blue or cyanotic discoloration of the digits, most commonly occurring in the hands although also occurring in the face and feet as well.


lexentry: eng/acrolein__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acrolein
trans_list: akroleina
sense:
(organic compound) A pungent, acrid, poisonous liquid aldehyde, CH2=CH-CH=O, made by the destructive distillation of glycerol.


lexentry: eng/acromegaly__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acromegaly
trans_list: akromegalia
sense:
(disease) A chronic disease marked by enlargement of the bones of the extremities, face, and jaw that is caused by over-activity of the pituitary gland.


lexentry: eng/acropolis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acropolis
trans_list: akropol
sense:
A promontory (usually fortified with a citadel) forming the hub of many Grecian cities, and around which many were built for defensive purposes before and during the classical period; compare Acropolis.


lexentry: eng/across__Preposition__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: across
trans_list: naprzeciwko | przez | po drugiej stronie | poprzez
sense:
(Southern US, AAVE) across from: on the opposite side, relative to something that lies between, from (a point of interest).


lexentry: eng/acrostic__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acrostic
trans_list: akrostych
sense:
A poem or other text in which certain letters, often the first in each line, spell out a name or message. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/acroterium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acroterium
trans_list: akroterion | akroterium | naszczytnik
sense:
(architecture) One of the small pedestals, for statues or other ornaments, placed on the apex and at the basal angles of a pediment, or upon the gables in Gothic architecture.


lexentry: eng/acrow_prop__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acrow prop
trans_list: stempel
sense:
An adjustable-height steel support used in the construction industry, typically to temporarily support structures while work is carried out.


lexentry: eng/acrylamide__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acrylamide
trans_list: akrylamid
sense:
(organic compound) The amide of acrylic acid, CH2=CH.CONH2; used in the manufacture of polyacrylamides.


lexentry: eng/acrylonitrile__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acrylonitrile
trans_list: akrylonitryl
sense:
(organic compound) A toxic colourless liquid organic compound, CH2=CH.CN, synthesized from propylene and ammonia; used as a monomer in the production of acrylic resins and synthetic rubber.


lexentry: eng/act__Verb__1
sense_num: 11
written_rep: act
trans_list: postąpić | postępować | zachować się | zachowywać
sense:
(intransitive, law) To carry out work as a legal representative in relation to a particular legal matter.


lexentry: eng/act__Verb__1
sense_num: 12
written_rep: act
trans_list: grać | postąpić | postępować | zachować się | zachowywać
sense:
(intransitive, mathematics, construed with on or upon, of an algebraic structure) To possess an action onto (some other structure). Examples include the group action of a group on a set, the action of a ring on a module by scalar multiplication, and the action of a group or algebra on a vector space via a representation.


lexentry: eng/act_of_parliament__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: act of parliament
trans_list: prawo
sense:
A law which has received assent (royal, presidential or gubernatorial) after having been passed by the houses (or house) of a parliament.


lexentry: eng/actin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: actin
trans_list: aktyna
sense:
(protein, uncountable) A globular structural protein that polymerizes in a helical fashion to form an actin filament (or microfilament).


lexentry: eng/acting__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acting
trans_list: p.o. | pełniąca obowiązki | pełniący obowiązki
sense:
Temporarily assuming the duties or authority of another person when they are unable to do their job.


lexentry: eng/actinic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: actinic
trans_list: aktyniczny
sense:
(chemistry, photography) Of or relating to actinism, the range of photochemical effects produced by exposure to EM radiation, particularly sunlight.


lexentry: eng/actinide__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: actinide
trans_list: aktynowiec
sense:
(chemistry) Any of the 15 radioactive elements of the periodic table from actinium to lawrencium that are positioned under the lanthanides, to which they have similar chemistry.


lexentry: eng/actinism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: actinism
trans_list: aktyniczność
sense:
(chemistry, physics) That property of electromagnetic radiation that leads to the production of photochemical effects


lexentry: eng/actinium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: actinium
trans_list: aktyn
sense:
A radioactive, metallic chemical element (symbol: Ac) with an atomic number of 89; found in uranium ores.


lexentry: eng/actinolite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: actinolite
trans_list: aktynolit
sense:
(mineral) A mineral with monoclinic crystals of the chemical formula Ca2(Mg,Fe)5Si8O22(OH)2, belonging to the amphibole group.


lexentry: eng/actinometer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: actinometer
trans_list: aktynometr
sense:
(physics) A device used to measure the heating power of electromagnetic radiation, especially that of solar radiation.


lexentry: eng/actinometry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: actinometry
trans_list: aktynometria
sense:
the measurement of the heating power of electromagnetic radiation, especially that of solar radiation


lexentry: eng/actinomycin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: actinomycin
trans_list: aktynomycyna
sense:
(protein, pharmaceutical drug) Any of a class of toxic polypeptide antibiotics found in soil bacteria of genus Streptomyces.


lexentry: eng/actinomycosis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: actinomycosis
trans_list: aktynomikoza | promienica
sense:
(pathology) An infectious bacterial disease of cattle and swine, sometimes transmitted to man, characterized by the formation of painful abscesses in the mouth, lungs, or gastrointestinal tract, caused by Actinomyces israelii, Actinomyces gerencseriae, and Propionibacterium propionicum.


lexentry: eng/action__Noun__1
sense_num: 11
written_rep: action
trans_list: akcja | czynność | działanie | czyn
sense:
(mathematics) A way in which each element of some algebraic structure transforms some other structure or set, in a way which respects the structure of the first. Formally, this may be seen as a morphism from the first structure into some structure of endomorphisms of the second; for example, a group action of a group G on a set S can be seen as a group homomorphism from G into the set of bijections on S (which form a group under function composition), while a module M over a ring R can be defined as an abelian group together with a ring homomorphism from R into the ring of group endomorphisms of M (which is also called the action of R on M).


lexentry: eng/action_movie__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: action movie
trans_list: film akcji
sense:
A motion picture whose storyline involves fast-paced activity and conflict, usually including such elements as a heroic protagonist, violent fights, acrobatic stunts, chase scenes, and gunplay.


lexentry: eng/activate__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: activate
trans_list: aktywować | uaktywniać | uaktywnić
sense:
(transitive) To put a device, mechanism (alarm etc.) or system into action or motion; to trigger, to actuate, to set off, to enable.


lexentry: eng/activated_carbon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: activated carbon
trans_list: węgiel aktywowany
sense:
A very absorbent form of finely powdered carbon; used in purifying gases, and as an antidote for many poisons.


lexentry: eng/active__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: active
trans_list: aktywny | czynny
sense:
Having the power or quality of acting; causing change; communicating action or motion; acting;—opposed to passive, that receives.


lexentry: eng/active_duty__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: active duty
trans_list: służba czynna
sense:
(military) A state in which person in the military performs military duties on a full-time basis, as opposed to reserve, where one only occasionally performs military duties.


lexentry: eng/active_ingredient__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: active ingredient
trans_list: substancja czynna
sense:
(pharmacology) The specific compound in a natural or man-made mixture that is responsible for the mixture's activity.


lexentry: eng/active_participle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: active participle
trans_list: imiesłów czynny
sense:
(grammar) A participle indicating an ongoing or completed action or state in the active voice, where a noun modified by the participle is taken to represent the agent of the action denoted by the verb.


lexentry: eng/active_volcano__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: active volcano
trans_list: wulkan czynny | czynny wulkan
sense:
(vulcanology, geology) A volcano that has erupted in the last 10,000 years, although not necessarily venting lava or gases now.


lexentry: eng/activism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: activism
trans_list: aktywizm
sense:
The practice of using action to achieve a result, such as political demonstration or a strike in support of or in opposition to an issue.


lexentry: eng/activity__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: activity
trans_list: aktywność | działalność
sense:
(countable) Something done for pleasure or entertainment, especially one involving movement or an excursion.


lexentry: eng/actor__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: actor
trans_list: aktor | aktorka
sense:
A person who acts a part in a theatrical play or (later) in film or television; a dramatic performer. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/actual__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: actual
trans_list: prawdziwy | właściwy
sense:
Existing in reality, not just potentially; really acted or acting; occurring in fact. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/actualism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: actualism
trans_list: aktualizm
sense:
(philosophy) The belief that actuality and existence are co‐extensive: i.e., that only actual things exist, and merely possible things do not.


lexentry: eng/actuarial_science__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: actuarial science
trans_list: wiedza aktuarialna
sense:
(applied mathematics, insurance, finance) The discipline within applied mathematics dealing with risk assessment and the modelling of uncertainty; the rigorous application of mathematical and statistical methods to assess risk, in industries including insurance and finance.


lexentry: eng/actuary__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: actuary
trans_list: aktuariusz
sense:
A professional who calculates financial values associated with uncertain events subject to risk, such as insurance premiums or pension contributions.


lexentry: eng/acumen__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acumen
trans_list: bystrość | przenikliwość
sense:
Quickness of perception or discernment; penetration of mind; the faculty of nice discrimination; acuity of mind.


lexentry: eng/acupressure__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acupressure
trans_list: akupresura
sense:
(uncountable) An alternative medicine technique, derived from acupuncture, in which physical pressure is applied to acupoints.


lexentry: eng/acupuncture__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acupuncture
trans_list: akupunktura
sense:
The insertion of needles into the (living) tissue of the body affecting the Qi or energy along energetic pathways of the body called meridians. This modality is traditionally used as a form of internal medical treating all disease and illnesses, in Western countries it is widely used for the purposes of pain relief.


lexentry: eng/acupuncturist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acupuncturist
trans_list: akupunkturzysta | akupunkturzystka
sense:
A healthcare professional who is qualified or professionally engaged in the practice of acupuncture.


lexentry: eng/acute_accent__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acute accent
trans_list: akcent akutowy | akcent ostry | akut
sense:
(orthography) : A diacritical mark ( ´ ) that can be placed above a number of letters in many languages of the Latin, Greek and Cyrillic writing systems.


lexentry: eng/acyl__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acyl
trans_list: acyl
sense:
(organic compound) Any of class of organic radicals, RCO-, formed by the removal of a hydroxyl group from a carboxylic acid.


lexentry: eng/acyltransferase__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acyltransferase
trans_list: acylotransferaza
sense:
(enzyme) Any of several transferase enzymes that catalyze the transfer of acyl groups between lipids.


lexentry: eng/adagio__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adagio
trans_list: adagio
sense:
(music) A tempo mark directing that a passage is to be played rather slowly, leisurely and gracefully.


lexentry: eng/adamant__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adamant
trans_list: adamant
sense:
An imaginary rock or mineral of impenetrable hardness; a name given to the diamond and other substances of extreme hardness.


lexentry: eng/adamantine__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adamantine
trans_list: adamantowy
sense:
Made of adamant, or having the qualities of adamant; incapable of being broken, dissolved, or penetrated.


lexentry: eng/adaptability__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: adaptability
trans_list: adaptabilność | przystosowawczość
sense:
(biology) Variability in respect to, or under the influence of, external conditions; susceptibility of an organism to that variation whereby it becomes suited to or fitted for its conditions of environment; the capacity of an organism to be modified by circumstances.


lexentry: eng/adaptation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adaptation
trans_list: przystosowanie | adaptacja
sense:
(uncountable) The process of adapting something or becoming adapted to a situation; adjustment, modification.


lexentry: eng/adaptation__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: adaptation
trans_list: adaptacja
sense:
(countable, evolutionary theory) An instance of an organism undergoing change, or the structure or behavior that is changed.


lexentry: eng/adapter__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: adapter
trans_list: przedłużacz | rozgałęźnik | złodziejka
sense:
Specifically, a device that permits two or more plugs to be used at a single electrical power point.


lexentry: eng/adapter__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: adapter
trans_list: adapter | przejściówka
sense:
Specifically, an AC adapter: a device that reduces voltage and converts AC to DC to allow a battery-powered device to use mains power.


lexentry: eng/adaptogen__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adaptogen
trans_list: adaptogen
sense:
(alternative medicine) Any natural herbal substance, such as ginseng, that is purported to assist the body to adapt to stress, and to exert a normalizing effect upon body functions.


lexentry: eng/adaptometer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adaptometer
trans_list: adaptometr
sense:
An optometric instrument that measures the minimum threshold of brightness that can be detected or how well the human eye can adapt to a recently darkened environment.


lexentry: eng/add-on__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: add-on
trans_list: dodatek
sense:
(computer hardware, software) A software extension or hardware peripheral that provides additional functions or customization for a core application or system.


lexentry: eng/add_insult_to_injury__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: add insult to injury
trans_list: na domiar złego
sense:
(idiomatic) To further a loss with mockery or indignity; to worsen an already unfavourable situation.


lexentry: eng/addend__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: addend
trans_list: dodajnik | składnik
sense:
(mathematics) Addendum, any one of two or more numbers or other terms that are to be added together.


lexentry: eng/adder's_tongue__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adder's tongue
trans_list: nasięźrzał
sense:
Any of several ferns in the genus Ophioglossum, whose spores are produced on a spike resembling a serpent's tongue.


lexentry: eng/adder__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: adder
trans_list: żmija
sense:
Agkistrodon contortrix mokasen, the northern copperhead, a venomous viper found in the eastern United States


lexentry: eng/additive__Adjective__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: additive
trans_list: addytywny
sense:
(genetics) Of or pertaining to genes (or the interaction etc. of such genes) which govern the same trait and whose effects work together on the phenotype.


lexentry: eng/address__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: address
trans_list: adres
sense:
(computing) A number identifying a specific storage location in computer memory; a string of characters identifying a location on the internet or other network; sometimes (specifically) an e-mail address. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/address__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: address
trans_list: adres
sense:
A description of the location of a property, usually with at least a street name and number, name of a town, and now also a postal code; such a description as superscribed for direction on an envelope or letter. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/address__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: address
trans_list: adres
sense:
A formal approach to a sovereign, especially an official appeal or petition; later (specifically) a response given by each of the Houses of Parliament to the sovereign's speech at the opening of Parliament. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/address__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: address
trans_list: przemowa | przemówienie
sense:
An act of addressing oneself to a person or group; a discourse or speech, or a record of this. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/address__Verb__1
sense_num: 09
written_rep: address
trans_list: adresować | zaadresować
sense:
(transitive) To direct speech to; to make a communication to, whether spoken or written; to apply to by words, as by a speech, petition, etc., to speak to.


lexentry: eng/address__Verb__1
sense_num: 13
written_rep: address
trans_list: adresować | zaadresować
sense:
(transitive) To address oneself to; to prepare oneself for; to apply oneself to; to direct one's speech, discourse or efforts to.


lexentry: eng/address_bar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: address bar
trans_list: pasek adresu
sense:
(computing, graphical user interface) A bar in a web browser that displays the address (uniform resource identifier) of the page or resource being displayed.


lexentry: eng/addressee__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: addressee
trans_list: adresat | odbiorca | adresatka | odbiorczyni
sense:
The person or organization to which something, such as a letter or message, is addressed or sent, for whom the item is intended.


lexentry: eng/adductor__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adductor
trans_list: adduktor | przywodziciel
sense:
(anatomy) A muscle which draws a limb or part of the body toward the middle line of the body, or closes extended parts of the body; -- opposed to abductor.


lexentry: eng/adelphophagy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adelphophagy
trans_list: adelfofagia
sense:
The consumption of one embryo by another in utero, particularly among certain amphibians, sharks and fishes.


lexentry: eng/adenine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adenine
trans_list: adenina
sense:
(biochemistry, genetics) A base, C5H5N5, found in certain glands and tissues, which pairs with thymine in DNA and uracil in RNA.


lexentry: eng/adenoid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adenoid
trans_list: adenoid | migdałek gardłowy
sense:
(symptom) an abnormally enlarged mass of lymphatic tissue at the back of the pharynx, often obstructing the nasal and ear passages and hindering speaking and breathing in young children.


lexentry: eng/adenoidectomy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adenoidectomy
trans_list: adenotomia
sense:
(surgery) Surgical removal of the adenoids, or of adenoid growths in the nasopharynx; commonly performed along with tonsillectomy.


lexentry: eng/adenopathy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adenopathy
trans_list: adenopatia
sense:
(pathology) Swelling or enlargement of the glands (especially the lymph nodes); any glandular disease.


lexentry: eng/adenosine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adenosine
trans_list: adenozyna
sense:
(biochemistry, genetics, organic compound) A nucleoside derived from adenine and ribose, found in striated muscle tissue. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/adenosine_monophosphate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adenosine monophosphate
trans_list: adenozynomonofosforan
sense:
(biochemistry) a nucleotide, found in all animal muscle cells, reversibly convertible to adenosine diphosphate and adenosine triphosphate


lexentry: eng/adenosine_triphosphate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adenosine triphosphate
trans_list: adenozynotrójfosforan
sense:
(biochemistry, neurotransmitter) a nucleotide that is used as a source of energy in cellular reactions, in the synthesis of nucleic acids, and as a neurotransmitter recognised by purinergic receptors


lexentry: eng/adenovirus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adenovirus
trans_list: adenowirus
sense:
(medicine) Any virus of the family Adenoviridae, many of which are responsible for respiratory infections in humans


lexentry: eng/adessive_case__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adessive case
trans_list: adessivus
sense:
(grammar) A noun case used to indicate adjacent location. In English, this is usually expressed by the prepositions near, at, or by, as in "by the house." Languages that use the adessive case include Finnish, Hungarian, Estonian, Lezgi and Lithuanian.


lexentry: eng/adhan__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adhan
trans_list: adhan
sense:
(Islam) The call to prayer, which consisted originally of simply four takbirs followed by the statement (أَشْهَدُ أَنْ) لَا إِلٰهَ إِلَّا ٱلله.


lexentry: eng/adhocracy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adhocracy
trans_list: adhokracja
sense:
(business, organizational theory) An organizational system designed to be flexible and responsive to the needs of the moment rather than excessively bureaucratic. [from 1964.]


lexentry: eng/adiabat__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adiabat
trans_list: adiabata
sense:
(physics) The curve on a graph of pressure and temperature which gives the adiabatic heating or cooling of a gas.


lexentry: eng/adiabatic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adiabatic
trans_list: adiabatyczny
sense:
(physics, thermodynamics, of a process) That occurs without gain or loss of heat (and thus with no change in entropy, in the quasistatic approximation).


lexentry: eng/adicity__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adicity
trans_list: argumentowość
sense:
(logic, mathematics, computer science) The number of arguments or operands a function or operation takes. For a relation, the number of domains in the corresponding Cartesian product.


lexentry: eng/adipic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adipic
trans_list: adypinowy
sense:
(organic chemistry) Pertaining to, or derived from, fatty or oily substances; applied to certain acids obtained from fats by the action of nitric acid.


lexentry: eng/adipic_acid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adipic acid
trans_list: kwas adypinowy
sense:
(carboxylic acid) A white crystalline dicarboxylic acid, C4H8(COOH)2; it has many industrial applications; when condensed with hexamethylene diamine it produces nylon.


lexentry: eng/adipocere__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adipocere
trans_list: tłuszczowosk
sense:
A brown, fatty, waxy substance (fatty acids) that forms on dead animal tissues in response to hydrolysis


lexentry: eng/adit__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adit
trans_list: sztolnia
sense:
A horizontal or nearly horizontal passage from the surface into a mine, as contrasted with a shaft or vertical entry passage. An adit may be used for ventilation, haulage, drainage, or other purposes.


lexentry: eng/adjika__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adjika
trans_list: adżika | adżyka
sense:
A hot, spicy but subtly flavoured paste often used to flavour food, mainly in the Caucasian regions of Abkhazia and Samegrelo.


lexentry: eng/adjunct_professor__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adjunct professor
trans_list: adiunkt | adiunktka
sense:
(US, education) A college professor who is employed part-time or for a limited time, is junior to a full professor, or is otherwise not eligible for tenure.


lexentry: eng/adjunction__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: adjunction
trans_list: adiunkcja
sense:
(category theory, strictly) A natural isomorphism between a pair of functors satisfying certain conditions, whose existence implies a close relationship between the functors and between their (co)domains; the natural isomorphism, functors, and their (co)domains thought of as a single object.


lexentry: eng/adjutant__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adjutant
trans_list: adiutant | adiutantka
sense:
(military rank) A lower-ranking officer who assists a higher-ranking officer with administrative affairs.


lexentry: eng/adjuvant__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: adjuvant
trans_list: adiuwant
sense:
(agriculture) An additive (often a separate product) that enhances the efficacy of pesticide products, but has little or no pesticidal activity itself. [from mid 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/admin__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: admin
trans_list: admin
sense:
(countable, informal, computing) A systems administrator (one who maintains a computer system or network).


lexentry: eng/administer__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: administer
trans_list: administrować | zarządzać
sense:
(transitive) To manage or supervise the conduct, performance or execution of; to govern or regulate the parameters for the conduct, performance or execution of; to work in an administrative capacity.


lexentry: eng/administer__Verb__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: administer
trans_list: aplikować | podawać | podać | zaaplikować | zadawać | zadać
sense:
(transitive, medicine) To cause (a patient, human or animal) to ingest (a drug), either by openly offering or through deceit.


lexentry: eng/administration__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: administration
trans_list: administracja
sense:
(uncountable) The act of administering; government of public affairs; the service rendered, or duties assumed, in conducting affairs; the conducting of any office or employment; direction.


lexentry: eng/administration__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: administration
trans_list: administracja
sense:
(countable, government, politics) The executive part of government; the persons collectively who are entrusted with the execution of laws and the superintendence of public affairs; the chief magistrate and his cabinet or council; or the council, or ministry, alone, as in Great Britain.


lexentry: eng/administrator__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: administrator
trans_list: administrator | zarządca | administratorka | zarządczyni
sense:
One who administers affairs; one who directs, manages, executes, or dispenses, whether in civil, judicial, political, or ecclesiastical affairs; a manager


lexentry: eng/administrator__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: administrator
trans_list: zarządca | zarządczyni
sense:
(legal) A person who manages or settles the estate of an intestate, or of a testator when there is no competent executor; one to whom the right of administration has been committed by competent authority


lexentry: eng/administrator__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: administrator
trans_list: administrator | administratorka
sense:
(computing) One who is responsible for software installation, management, information and maintenance of a computer or network


lexentry: eng/admiral__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: admiral
trans_list: admirał
sense:
(military) A high rank in the British and American Navies, NATO grade OF-9, equivalent ranks in other navies, in coast guards, etc.


lexentry: eng/admiral__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: admiral
trans_list: admirał
sense:
(zoology) Any of several species of nymphalid butterflies of the genera Kaniska, Limenitis and Vanessa. [1799]


lexentry: eng/admiral_of_the_fleet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: admiral of the fleet
trans_list: admirał floty
sense:
(military, UK) The highest rank in the Royal Navy and other Commonwealth navies, NATO grade OF-10, currently only ceremonial.


lexentry: eng/admiralty_law__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: admiralty law
trans_list: prawo morskie
sense:
(legal) The area of law that deals with ships at sea and the rights of sailors, passengers, and owners of cargo.


lexentry: eng/admit__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: admit
trans_list: dopuszczać | wpuścić | dopuścić | wpuszczać
sense:
(transitive) To allow to enter; to grant entrance (to), whether into a place, into the mind, or into consideration


lexentry: eng/admit__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: admit
trans_list: przyznawać | przyznać
sense:
(transitive, or, intransitive) To concede as true; to acknowledge or assent to, as an allegation which it is impossible to deny (+ to).


lexentry: eng/admonish__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: admonish
trans_list: ostrzec
sense:
(transitive, with of or against) To advise against wrongdoing; to caution; to warn against danger or an offense.


lexentry: eng/adoption__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: adoption
trans_list: adopcja | adoptacja | przysposobienie | usynowienie
sense:
The state of being adopted; the acceptance of a child of other parents as if he or she were one's own child.


lexentry: eng/adoptionism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adoptionism
trans_list: adopcjanizm
sense:
(Christianity) A form of Christianity which maintains that Jesus is divine only in the sense that God the Father adopted him, either at Jesus' birth, or at his death, as opposed to the orthodox understanding of the nature of the Trinity.


lexentry: eng/adposition__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adposition
trans_list: przyimek
sense:
(grammar) An element that combines syntactically with a phrase and indicates how that phrase should be interpreted in the surrounding context; a preposition or postposition.


lexentry: eng/adrenal_gland__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adrenal gland
trans_list: nadnercze
sense:
(anatomy) In mammals, either of a pair of complex endocrine glands, situated above each kidney, secreting hormones which control the heart rate, blood pressure, and metabolism.


lexentry: eng/adrenaline_junkie__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adrenaline junkie
trans_list: adrenalinowiec
sense:
(colloquial) One who is seemingly addicted to the sensation of exhilaration associated with risky behaviors or exciting situations, and who actively seeks such opportunities.


lexentry: eng/adret__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adret
trans_list: adret
sense:
(geography) The sun-facing side of a mountain; in the northern hemisphere, especially south-facing slope.


lexentry: eng/adsorber__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adsorber
trans_list: adsorber
sense:
Something which adsorbs, especially a solid material, such as activated carbon, that has a high surface area and is used to capture a gas or liquid


lexentry: eng/adsorption__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adsorption
trans_list: adsorpcja
sense:
The adhesion of a liquid or gas on the surface of a solid material, forming a thin film on the surface.


lexentry: eng/adstratum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adstratum
trans_list: adstrat
sense:
(linguistics) Any language having elements that are responsible for change in neighbouring languages


lexentry: eng/adularia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adularia
trans_list: adular
sense:
(mineral) A variety of orthoclase feldspar found as colorless to white prismatic crystals in cavities in metamorphic rocks. Some specimens reflect a bluish sheen along crystal faces. This phenomenon is called adularescence, and adularia with this property is called moonstone. (See sanidine).


lexentry: eng/adultery__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adultery
trans_list: cudzołóstwo | zdrada małżeńska
sense:
(narrowly) Sexual intercourse by a married person with someone other than their spouse. See more synonyms at Thesaurus:cuckoldry


lexentry: eng/adulthood__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: adulthood
trans_list: dorosłość
sense:
The time period of a human being's majority; the time during which a human being has reached physical maturity, and ending with its death.


lexentry: eng/adumbration__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: adumbration
trans_list: ślad
sense:
(countable, uncountable, figuratively) A rough or symbolic representation; a vague indication of what is to come, a foreshadowing.


lexentry: eng/advance__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: advance
trans_list: awanse
sense:
(often, in the plural) An opening approach or overture, now especially of an unwelcome or sexual nature.


lexentry: eng/advance__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: advance
trans_list: zaawansować
sense:
To provide (money or other value) before it is due, or in expectation of some work; to lend. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/advance_guard__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: advance guard
trans_list: awangarda
sense:
A unit or units leading the way of advancing or marching troops, guarding them from ambushes, reconnoitering and pursuing the enemy, etc.


lexentry: eng/advance_payment__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: advance payment
trans_list: akonto | awans | zadatek | zaliczka
sense:
The part of a contractually due sum that is paid or received in advance for a good, service or social security payment.


lexentry: eng/advantage__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: advantage
trans_list: korzyść | zaleta
sense:
(countable) Any condition, circumstance, opportunity or means, particularly favorable or chance to success, or to any desired end.


lexentry: eng/advantage__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: advantage
trans_list: awantaż | przewaga
sense:
(obsolete) Superiority; mastery; — used with of to specify its nature or with over to specify the other party.


lexentry: eng/advection__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: advection
trans_list: adwekcja
sense:
(meteorology, earth science, physical chemistry) The horizontal movement of a body of atmosphere (or other fluid) along with a concurrent transport of its temperature, humidity etc.


lexentry: eng/advection_fog__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: advection fog
trans_list: mgła adwekcyjna
sense:
(physics, meteorology) A type of fog caused by the passage of moist air horizontally over a relatively colder surface and the consequent cooling of that air to below its dew point.


lexentry: eng/adventure__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: adventure
trans_list: przygoda | awantura
sense:
A daring feat; a bold undertaking, in which dangers are likely to be encountered, and the issue is staked upon unforeseen events; the encountering of risks.


lexentry: eng/adventure_game__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adventure game
trans_list: gra przygodowa | przygodówka
sense:
(video games) A computer or video game of the genre characterized by investigation, exploration, puzzle-solving, interaction with game characters, and a focus on narrative rather than reflex-based challenges.


lexentry: eng/adventurism__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: adventurism
trans_list: awanturnictwo
sense:
(politics) The taking of excessive risks by a government in their political, economic or foreign affairs. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/adventurous__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adventurous
trans_list: żądny przygód | awanturniczy | zawadiacki | śmiały
sense:
(of a, person) Inclined to adventure; willing to take risks; prone to embark on hazardous enterprises; daring.


lexentry: eng/adverb__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adverb
trans_list: przysłówek | adverbium | adwerbium
sense:
(grammar) A word that modifies a verb, adjective, other adverbs, or various other types of words, phrases, or clauses.


lexentry: eng/adverb__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: adverb
trans_list: przysłówek | adverbium | adwerbium
sense:
(programming) In the Raku programming language, a named parameter that modifies the behavior of a routine.


lexentry: eng/adverbial_participle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adverbial participle
trans_list: imiesłów przysłówkowy
sense:
(grammar) A participle that modifies a verb in the same sentence and is equivalent to an adverbial clause in English. Adverbial participles may denote time, condition, cause, concession, manner, means, purpose, or attendant circumstance.


lexentry: eng/adverse__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adverse
trans_list: niekorzystny | niepomyślny | niesprzyjający
sense:
Unfavorable; antagonistic in purpose or effect; hostile; actively opposing one's interests or wishes; contrary to one's welfare; acting against; working in an opposing direction.


lexentry: eng/adverse_possession__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adverse possession
trans_list: zasiedzenie
sense:
(legal) A means of acquiring title to another's real property without compensation by occupying the property in a manner that has under common law the requirements of being actual, open and notorious, exclusive, hostile, under cover of claim or right, and continuous for a certain number of years.


lexentry: eng/advertise__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: advertise
trans_list: ogłaszać | ogłosić
sense:
(transitive) To give (especially public) notice of (something); to announce publicly. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/advertise__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: advertise
trans_list: ogłaszać
sense:
(intransitive) To provide information about a person or goods and services to influence others. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/advertise__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: advertise
trans_list: reklamować
sense:
(transitive) To provide public information about (a product, service etc.) in order to attract public awareness and increase sales. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/advertising_agency__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: advertising agency
trans_list: agencja reklamowa
sense:
a business enterprise dedicated to creating, planning and handling advertising on behalf of its client companies.


lexentry: eng/advisory_opinion__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: advisory opinion
trans_list: opinia doradcza
sense:
(legal) An opinion issued by a court that does not have the effect of resolving a specific legal case, but merely advises on the constitutionality or interpretation of a law.


lexentry: eng/advocacy_group__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: advocacy group
trans_list: grupa interesu
sense:
A group of people, always allied and sometimes also formally organised, who use various forms of advocacy to influence public opinion and policy.


lexentry: eng/adware__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adware
trans_list: adware | oprogramowanie reklamowe
sense:
(computing) A software application that includes advertisements, which are displayed while the software is running. Developers use adware as a source of income and to keep the costs of the software down (usually making it free). Some adware programs can include spyware.


lexentry: eng/adytum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adytum
trans_list: adyton
sense:
(Ancient Greece, religion) The innermost sanctuary or shrine in a temple, from where oracles were given.


lexentry: eng/adze__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adze
trans_list: ciesak | ciosła | cieślica | cioska | topór ciesielski
sense:
A cutting tool that has a curved blade set at a right angle to the handle and is used in shaping wood.


lexentry: eng/aedile__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aedile
trans_list: edyl
sense:
(historical, Ancient Rome) An elected official who was responsible for the maintenance of public buildings, regulation of festivals, supervision of markets and the supply of grain and water.


lexentry: eng/aegis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aegis
trans_list: egida
sense:
(Greek mythology, Roman mythology) A mythological shield associated with the Greek deities Zeus and Athena (and their Roman counterparts Jupiter and Minerva) shown as a short cloak made of goatskin worn on the shoulders, more as an emblem of power and protection than a military shield. The aegis of Athena or Minerva is usually shown with a border of snakes and with the head of Medusa in the center. [from early 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/aeolian_harp__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aeolian harp
trans_list: harfa eolska
sense:
(musical instrument) An open box over which strings are stretched that sound when the wind passes over them.


lexentry: eng/aequorin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aequorin
trans_list: akworyna
sense:
(biochemistry) A photoprotein, isolated from luminescent jellyfish and other marine organisms, composed of two distinct units: the apoprotein apoaequorin and the prosthetic group coelenterazine.


lexentry: eng/aeration__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: aeration
trans_list: aeracja
sense:
By extension, a process in which other gases (such as carbon dioxide or nitrogen or argon) are circulated through or mixed with a substance (usually liquid), sometimes with the consequence of increasing the transfer of air into the same liquid at the surface due to the induced circulation.


lexentry: eng/aerial__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aerial
trans_list: antena
sense:
(chiefly, _, UK) A rod, wire, or other structure for receiving or transmitting radio, television signals etc.


lexentry: eng/aerobe__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aerobe
trans_list: aerob | aerobiont | oksybiont | tlenowiec
sense:
(biology) Any organism (but especially a bacterium) that can tolerate the presence of oxygen, or that needs oxygen to survive.


lexentry: eng/aerobics__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aerobics
trans_list: aerobik
sense:
A form of exercise, designed to enhance one's cardiovascular fitness, normally performed to music. [1968]


lexentry: eng/aerobiology__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aerobiology
trans_list: aerobiologia
sense:
(biology) The study of the dispersion of airborne biological materials, as pollen, spores, microorganisms, or viruses.


lexentry: eng/aerodynamics__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aerodynamics
trans_list: aerodynamika
sense:
The science of the dynamics of bodies moving relative to gases, especially the interaction of moving objects with the atmosphere.


lexentry: eng/aerogel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aerogel
trans_list: aerożel
sense:
A porous, ultralight solid-state substance, similar to gel, in which the liquid component is replaced with gas.


lexentry: eng/aerogram__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: aerogram
trans_list: aerogram
sense:
A thin piece of foldable and gummed paper for writing a letter and serving as its own envelope for transit via airmail.


lexentry: eng/aerology__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aerology
trans_list: aerologia
sense:
The branch of meteorology involving the observation of the atmosphere by means of balloons, kites, rockets, drones, airplanes, etc.


lexentry: eng/aeromechanics__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aeromechanics
trans_list: aeromechanika
sense:
(physics) The branch of mechanics that deals with the motion of gases; it comprises aerostatics and aerodynamics


lexentry: eng/aerometric__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aerometric
trans_list: aerometryczny
sense:
Describing any measurement of a physical property of air (or other gases), but especially of temperature, pressure and velocity.


lexentry: eng/aerometry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aerometry
trans_list: aerometria
sense:
The science of measuring the air, including its pressure, density, quality, direction and condensation; pneumatics.


lexentry: eng/aeronomy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aeronomy
trans_list: aeronomia
sense:
A branch of science that deals with the upper atmosphere of the Earth and the other planets with reference to their chemical composition, physical properties, relative motion, and responses to radiation from space.


lexentry: eng/aerophobia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aerophobia
trans_list: aerofobia
sense:
(medical) A pathological aversion or sensitivity to air or the movement of air, especially as a symptom of rabies.


lexentry: eng/aerophone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aerophone
trans_list: aerofon
sense:
Any musical instrument which produces sound primarily by causing a body of air to vibrate, without the use of strings or membranes, and without the vibration of the instrument itself adding considerably to the sound.


lexentry: eng/aerophore__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: aerophore
trans_list: aerofor
sense:
(underwater diving, historical) A predecessor of the aqualung, invented by Benoit Rouquayrol and Auguste Denayrouze 1865


lexentry: eng/aeroscope__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: aeroscope
trans_list: aeroskop
sense:
A type of compressed air camera for making films, constructed by Polish inventor Kazimierz Prószyński in 1909


lexentry: eng/aerostat__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aerostat
trans_list: aerostat
sense:
An aircraft, such as a dirigible or balloon, that derives its lift from buoyancy rather than from wings or rotors.


lexentry: eng/aerostat__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: aerostat
trans_list: aerostat
sense:
A moored balloon flown in a semi-permanent manner, such as a border patrol monitoring balloon affixed at 18,000 feet (~6 km).


lexentry: eng/aerostatics__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aerostatics
trans_list: aerostatyka
sense:
(physics) the study of gases in equilibrium and of balloons or aircraft in varying atmospheric conditions


lexentry: eng/aerothermodynamics__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aerothermodynamics
trans_list: aerotermodynamika | gazodynamika
sense:
(physics) The scientific study of the thermodynamic properties of gases, especially when travelling at a high velocity.


lexentry: eng/aesthete__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aesthete
trans_list: esteta | estetka
sense:
(often, derogatory) Someone who cultivates an unusually high sensitivity to beauty, as in art or nature, often in a manner perceived to prioritize beauty over other qualities such as virtue and utility.


lexentry: eng/aetiology__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: aetiology
trans_list: etiologia
sense:
(medicine, uncountable) The study or investigation of the causes of disease; a scientific explanation for the origin of a disease.


lexentry: eng/affable__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: affable
trans_list: arcymiły | sympatyczny
sense:
Receiving others kindly and conversing with them in a free and friendly manner; friendly, courteous, sociable.


lexentry: eng/affair__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: affair
trans_list: sprawa
sense:
(often in the plural) Something which is done or is to be done; business of any kind, commercial, professional, or public.


lexentry: eng/affect__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: affect
trans_list: afekt
sense:
(psychology) A subjective feeling experienced in response to a thought or other stimulus; mood, emotion, especially as demonstrated in external physical signs. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/affect__Verb__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: affect
trans_list: afektować
sense:
(transitive) To make a show of; to put on a pretense of; to feign; to assume. To make a false display of. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/affection__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: affection
trans_list: afekt
sense:
The state of being affected, especially: a change in, or alteration of, the emotional state of a person or other animal, caused by a subjective affect (a subjective feeling or emotion), which arises in response to a stimulus which may result from either thought or perception.


lexentry: eng/affiliate__Verb__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: affiliate
trans_list: afiliować
sense:
(intransitive, followed by "to" or "with") To attach (to) or unite (with); to receive into a society as a member, and initiate into its mysteries, plans, etc.


lexentry: eng/affiliate_marketing__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: affiliate marketing
trans_list: marketing afiliacyjny
sense:
A specialized form of marketing where an advertiser seeks to advertise or sell products or services through an affiliate network.


lexentry: eng/affination__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: affination
trans_list: afinacja
sense:
Part of the traditional sugar refining process in which molasses is removed from sugar crystals by washing with a heavy syrup


lexentry: eng/affine__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: affine
trans_list: afiniczny
sense:
(not comparable, geometry) Of or pertaining to a function expressible as f(\vec x)= A \vec x + \vec b (where A is a linear transformation and \vec b is a constant), which, regarded as a transformation, maps parallel lines to parallel lines and finite points to finite points.


lexentry: eng/affinity__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: affinity
trans_list: powinowactwo
sense:
A family relationship through marriage of a relative (e.g. sister-in-law), as opposed to consanguinity (e.g. sister).


lexentry: eng/affirm__Verb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: affirm
trans_list: afirmować | potwierdzać | potwierdzić
sense:
To make firm; to confirm, or ratify; especially (legal) to assert or confirm, as a judgment, decree, or order, brought before an appellate court for review.


lexentry: eng/affirmative_action__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: affirmative action
trans_list: akcja afirmatywna
sense:
(uncountable) A set of policies or programs providing advantages for people of a group who are seen to have traditionally been the target of discrimination


lexentry: eng/afford__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: afford
trans_list: pozwalać | pozwolić
sense:
To incur, stand, or bear without serious detriment, as an act which might under other circumstances be injurious; (usually, after an expression of ability, as could, able, difficult) to be able or rich enough; to spare.


lexentry: eng/affordability__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: affordability
trans_list: przystępność
sense:
The extent or degree to which something is affordable, as measured by its cost relative to the amount that the purchaser is able to pay.


lexentry: eng/affordance__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: affordance
trans_list: afordancja | dostarczant
sense:
(human-machine interaction) A potential transaction or operation that is made possible by a given object or environment; especially, one that is made easily discoverable.


lexentry: eng/afforestation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: afforestation
trans_list: zalesianie | zalesienie
sense:
The act or process of creating a new forest where none had existed before, or reforestation of areas long deforested.


lexentry: eng/afield__Adverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: afield
trans_list: nieopodal
sense:
Away (from the home or starting point, physical or conceptual); usually preceded by far (or farther, further).


lexentry: eng/aflatoxin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aflatoxin
trans_list: aflatoksyna
sense:
(poison) Any of a family of mycotoxins, produced by molds of the Aspergillus genus, that can be toxic, carcinogenic, mutagenic or teratogenic; typically found as contaminants of animal food or peanuts.


lexentry: eng/afrobeat__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: afrobeat
trans_list: afrobeat
sense:
(music) Music that combines West African musical styles (such as traditional Yoruba music and highlife) with American funk, jazz, and soul influences, with a focus on chanted vocals, complex intersecting rhythms, and percussion.


lexentry: eng/after__Preposition__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: after
trans_list: za
sense:
(Irish, Newfoundland, usually, preceded by a form of be, followed by an -ing form of a verb) Used to indicate recent completion of an activity.


lexentry: eng/after_all__Prepositional_phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: after all
trans_list: w końcu | przecież | wszak | wszakże
sense:
(idiomatic) anyway, in any case; indicates a statement is true regardless of other considerations; used to reinforce or explain a point.


lexentry: eng/after_all__Prepositional_phrase__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: after all
trans_list: jednak
sense:
(idiomatic) in the end, however; used in referring to something that was believed to be the case, but is not; or to an outcome that is not what was expected or predicted.


lexentry: eng/afterbirth__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: afterbirth
trans_list: ostatni
sense:
The placenta and other material expelled via the birth canal following childbirth or parturition in mammals.


lexentry: eng/afterlife__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: afterlife
trans_list: życie pozagrobowe | zaświaty
sense:
A conscious existence after death; a supernatural life that follows one's natural life, in some worldviews.


lexentry: eng/aftermath__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aftermath
trans_list: otawa | potraw
sense:
(obsolete, agriculture) A second mowing; the grass which grows after the first crop of hay in the same season.


lexentry: eng/aftermath__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: aftermath
trans_list: następstwo | pokłosie
sense:
That which happens after, that which follows, usually of strongly negative connotation in most contexts, implying a preceding catastrophe.


lexentry: eng/afternoon_tea__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: afternoon tea
trans_list: podwieczorek
sense:
(Australia, NZ, Hong Kong) A small meal or snack eaten between lunch and dinner (supper); a period of time set aside for this purpose, taken as a break from work or from a conference.


lexentry: eng/aftershock__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aftershock
trans_list: wstrząs wtórny
sense:
An earthquake that follows in the same vicinity as another, usually larger, earthquake (the "mainshock").


lexentry: eng/again__Adverb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: again
trans_list: znów
sense:
Tell me again, say again; used in asking a question to which one may have already received an answer that one cannot remember.


lexentry: eng/again__Adverb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: again
trans_list: znowu | znów | ponownie | od nowa | apiać | jeszcze raz
sense:
Used metalinguistically, with the repetition being in the discussion, or in the linguistic or pragmatic context of the discussion, rather than in the subject of discussion. [from 16thc.]


lexentry: eng/against__Preposition__1
sense_num: 16
written_rep: against
trans_list: przeciw | pod
sense:
(Hollywood) To be paid now in contrast to the following amount to be paid later under specified circumstances, usually that a movie is made or has started filming.


lexentry: eng/against_the_grain__Prepositional_phrase__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: against the grain
trans_list: pod prąd | pod wiatr | pod włos
sense:
(idiomatic) Contrary to what is expected; especially, of behavior different from what society expects.


lexentry: eng/agalmatolite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: agalmatolite
trans_list: agalmatolit | pagodyt
sense:
(mineral) A soft, compact stone, of a grayish, greenish, or yellowish color, carved into images by the Chinese, and hence called figure stone, and pagodite. It is probably a variety of pinite.


lexentry: eng/agape__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: agape
trans_list: agapa | agape
sense:
(uncountable, Christianity) The love of God for mankind, or the benevolent love of Christians for others.


lexentry: eng/agape__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: agape
trans_list: agapa | agape
sense:
(countable) A love feast, especially one held in the early Christian Church in connection with the Eucharist.


lexentry: eng/agar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: agar
trans_list: agar-agar | agar
sense:
A gelatinous material obtained from red algae, especially Gracilaria species, used as a bacterial culture medium, in electrophoresis and as a food additive.


lexentry: eng/agarwood__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: agarwood
trans_list: agar
sense:
Heartwood from trees of genus Aquilaria, especially Aquilaria malaccensis (syn. A. agallocha), infected with mold (Phialophora parasitica), which produce an aromatic resin in response to this infestation.


lexentry: eng/agate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: agate
trans_list: agat
sense:
(countable, uncountable, mineral) A semitransparent, uncrystallized silicate mineral and semiprecious stone, presenting various tints in the same specimen, with colors delicately arranged and often curved in parallel alternating dark and light stripes or bands, or blended in clouds; various authorities call it a variety of chalcedony, a variety of quartz, or a combination of the two.


lexentry: eng/agave__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: agave
trans_list: agawa
sense:
Any plant in the large, variable genus Agave: succulent plants, commonly armed with formidable prickles; they flower at maturity after several years, and generally die thereafter; large species, such as the maguey or century plant, (Agave americana), produce gigantic inflorescences. Several are of economic importance as sources of fibre such as sisal, and alcoholic beverages such as tequila.


lexentry: eng/age__Noun__1
sense_num: 13
written_rep: age
trans_list: era | wiek
sense:
(countable, poker) The right of the player to the left of the dealer to pass the first round in betting, and then to come in last or stay out; also, the player holding this position; the eldest hand.


lexentry: eng/age__Noun__1
sense_num: 14
written_rep: age
trans_list: wiek | życie
sense:
(uncountable) That part of the duration of a being or a thing which is between its beginning and any given time; specifically the size of that part.


lexentry: eng/age__Noun__1
sense_num: 15
written_rep: age
trans_list: dorosłość | pełnoletniość
sense:
(uncountable) Mature age; especially, the time of life at which one attains full personal rights and capacities.


lexentry: eng/age__Noun__1
sense_num: 16
written_rep: age
trans_list: wiek | etap | starość
sense:
(uncountable) An advanced period of life; the latter part of life; the state of being old, old age, senility; seniority.


lexentry: eng/age_limit__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: age limit
trans_list: granica wieku
sense:
A restriction placed on an activity based on the age of the participants; either lower or higher limit.


lexentry: eng/age_of_consent__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: age of consent
trans_list: wiek przyzwolenia
sense:
(legal) The age at which a person is legally considered to be mature enough to engage willingly in sexual intercourse, so that it is not a crime for someone else to have sex with the person.


lexentry: eng/age_of_majority__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: age of majority
trans_list: pełnoletniość | pełnoletność
sense:
(legal) The age at which the rights and privileges of an adult are legally granted or recognized; i.e.; the age where a person ceases to be a minor legally and becomes a legal adult.


lexentry: eng/age_of_reason__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: age of reason
trans_list: wiek rozumu
sense:
(Roman Catholicism) Seven years of age, at which age a person is morally liable for the sins that he or she commits.


lexentry: eng/age_of_reason__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: age of reason
trans_list: wiek rozumu
sense:
(by extension) Age at which a person is able to distinguish right from wrong and make their own decisions.


lexentry: eng/ageism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ageism
trans_list: ageizm
sense:
The treating of a person or people, especially youth or seniors, differently from others based on assumptions, prejudices or/and stereotypes relating to their age.


lexentry: eng/agency__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: agency
trans_list: agencja
sense:
The office or function of an agent; also, the relationship between a principal and that person's agent.


lexentry: eng/agency__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: agency
trans_list: agencja
sense:
An establishment engaged in doing business for another; also, the place of business or the district of such an agency.


lexentry: eng/agency__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: agency
trans_list: agencja
sense:
A department or other administrative unit of a government; also, the office or headquarters of, or the district administered by such unit of government.


lexentry: eng/agent__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: agent
trans_list: pełnomocnik | plenipotent
sense:
One who acts for, or in the place of, another (the principal), by that person's authority; someone entrusted to act on behalf of or in behalf of another, such as to transact business for them.


lexentry: eng/agent__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: agent
trans_list: agent | agentka
sense:
Someone who works for an intelligence agency: whether an officer or employee thereof or anyone else who agrees to help their efforts (for ideology, for money, as blackmailee, or otherwise).


lexentry: eng/agent__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: agent
trans_list: czynnik | środek
sense:
An active power or cause or substance; something (e.g. biological, chemical, thermal, etc.) that has the power to produce an effect.


lexentry: eng/agent__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: agent
trans_list: agent
sense:
(computing) In the client-server model, the part of the system that performs information preparation and exchange on behalf of a client or server. Especially in the phrase “intelligent agent” it implies some kind of autonomous process which can communicate with other agents to perform some collective task on behalf of one or more humans.


lexentry: eng/agent__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: agent
trans_list: agens
sense:
(grammar) The participant of a situation that carries out the action in this situation, e.g. "the boy" in the sentences "The boy kicked the ball" and "The ball was kicked by the boy".


lexentry: eng/agent_noun__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: agent noun
trans_list: wykonawca czasownika
sense:
(grammar) A noun that denotes an agent (human or nonhuman) that performs the action denoted by the verb from which the noun is derived, such as "rider" derived from "to ride", or "cutter" derived from "to cut".


lexentry: eng/agent_provocateur__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: agent provocateur
trans_list: prowokator
sense:
A person who secretly disrupts a group's activities from within the group, particularly by encouraging or committing illegal acts to discredit the group or expose them to prosecution; an instigator, troublemaker.


lexentry: eng/aggiornamento__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aggiornamento
trans_list: reforma
sense:
A bringing up to date, especially of the Roman Catholic Church by the Second Vatican Council of 1962-65; modernization.


lexentry: eng/agglomerate__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: agglomerate
trans_list: aglomerat
sense:
(geology, vulcanology) A mass of angular volcanic fragments united by heat; distinguished from conglomerate.


lexentry: eng/agglomeration__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: agglomeration
trans_list: aglomeracja
sense:
(geography) An extended city area comprising the built-up area of a central city and any suburbs linked by continuous urban area.


lexentry: eng/agglutinate__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: agglutinate
trans_list: aglutynować
sense:
(transitive) To unite, or cause to adhere, as with glue or other viscous substance; to unite by causing an adhesion of substances.


lexentry: eng/agglutination__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: agglutination
trans_list: aglutynacja
sense:
(linguistics) Combination in which root words are united with little or no change of form or loss of meaning. See agglutinative.


lexentry: eng/agglutinin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: agglutinin
trans_list: aglutynina
sense:
A substance that causes particles or cells to clump#Verb; it may be an antibody, a lectin, or otherwise.


lexentry: eng/aggravate__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aggravate
trans_list: pogarszać
sense:
To make (an offence) worse or more severe; to increase in offensiveness or heinousness. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/aggravating_circumstance__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aggravating circumstance
trans_list: okoliczność obciążająca
sense:
(legal, or general usage, chiefly, in the plural) A factor that increases the culpability or deleterious consequences of a wrongful act.


lexentry: eng/aggravation__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: aggravation
trans_list: pogarszający
sense:
An extrinsic circumstance or accident which increases the guilt of a crime or the misery of a calamity.


lexentry: eng/aggregate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aggregate
trans_list: agregat
sense:
A mass, assemblage, or sum of particulars; something consisting of elements but considered as a whole.


lexentry: eng/aggregate__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: aggregate
trans_list: agregat
sense:
A mass formed by the union of homogeneous particles; – in distinction from a compound, formed by the union of heterogeneous particles.


lexentry: eng/aggregate__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: aggregate
trans_list: kruszywo
sense:
Solid particles of low aspect ratio added to a composite material, as distinguished from the matrix and any fibers or reinforcements; especially the gravel and sand added to concrete.


lexentry: eng/aggressive__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aggressive
trans_list: agresywny | napastliwy | wojowniczy
sense:
Characterized by aggression; unjustly attacking; prone to behave in a way that involves attacking or arguing.


lexentry: eng/aggressor__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aggressor
trans_list: agresor | agresorka
sense:
The person or country that first attacks or makes an aggression; that begins hostility or a quarrel; an assailant.


lexentry: eng/agility__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: agility
trans_list: zwinność | zręczność
sense:
(uncountable) The quality of being agile; the power of moving the limbs quickly and easily; quickness of motion


lexentry: eng/agio__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: agio
trans_list: ażio
sense:
(economics, finance) The premium or percentage on a better sort of money when it is given in exchange for an inferior sort. The premium or discount on foreign bills of exchange is sometimes called agio.


lexentry: eng/agitation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: agitation
trans_list: agitacja
sense:
The act of agitating, or the state of being agitated; the state of being disrupted with violence, or with irregular action; commotion.


lexentry: eng/agnosticism__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: agnosticism
trans_list: agnostycyzm
sense:
The view that the existence of God or of all deities is unknown, unknowable, unproven, or unprovable.


lexentry: eng/agnotology__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: agnotology
trans_list: agnotologia
sense:
The study of culturally-induced ignorance or doubt, particularly the publication of inaccurate or misleading scientific data.


lexentry: eng/agonist__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: agonist
trans_list: agonista
sense:
(biochemistry, pharmacology) A molecule that can combine with a receptor on a cell to produce a physiological reaction.


lexentry: eng/agorism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: agorism
trans_list: agoryzm
sense:
(politics, economics) A revolutionary political philosophy that advocates the creation of a voluntaryist society by means of counter-economics (i.e. black market).


lexentry: eng/agranulocyte__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: agranulocyte
trans_list: agranulocyt
sense:
(biochemistry) Any of several kinds of white blood cell characterised by the absence of granules in the cytoplasm.


lexentry: eng/agranulocytosis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: agranulocytosis
trans_list: agranulocytoza
sense:
(disease) An acute condition involving a severe and dangerous leukopenia, particularly of neutrophils, causing a neutropenia in the circulating blood.


lexentry: eng/agree__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: agree
trans_list: zgadzać się | zgodzić się | uzgadniać | uzgodnić
sense:
(intransitive) To be in harmony about an opinion, statement, or action; to have a consistent idea between two or more people.


lexentry: eng/agreement__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: agreement
trans_list: zgoda | porozumienie
sense:
(uncountable) A state whereby several parties share a view or opinion; the state of not contradicting one another.


lexentry: eng/agreement__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: agreement
trans_list: kongruencja | związek zgody
sense:
(uncountable, linguistics, grammar) Rules that exist in many languages that force some parts of a sentence to be used or inflected differently depending on certain attributes of other parts.


lexentry: eng/agreement_in_principle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: agreement in principle
trans_list: porozumienie co do zasady
sense:
(legal) A legally enforceable, but incompletely specified, agreement between parties that identifies the fundamental terms that are intended to be or are agreed upon.


lexentry: eng/agribusiness__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: agribusiness
trans_list: agrobiznes
sense:
(uncountable) Business (especially big business) connected to agriculture, either owning or operating large-scale farms, or catering to those who do. [from 1950s]


lexentry: eng/agribusiness__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: agribusiness
trans_list: agrobiznes
sense:
(countable) A business or group of businesses engaged in agriculture, particularly if using modern farming techniques in the process.


lexentry: eng/agriculture__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: agriculture
trans_list: rolnictwo
sense:
The art or science of cultivating the ground, including the harvesting of crops, and the rearing and management of livestock.


lexentry: eng/agrimony__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: agrimony
trans_list: rzepik | jabłecznik
sense:
Any of several perennial herbaceous plants, of the genus Agrimonia, that have spikes of yellow flowers.


lexentry: eng/agritourism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: agritourism
trans_list: agroturystyka
sense:
A form of tourism in which tourists stay in farms or agricultural villages, either to experience farm life, or as a base for exploring the countryside


lexentry: eng/agrochemical__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: agrochemical
trans_list: agrochemikalia
sense:
(chemistry) A chemical compound, such as a hormone, fungicide, or insecticide, that improves the production of crops.


lexentry: eng/agroecosystem__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: agroecosystem
trans_list: agroekosystem
sense:
A conceptual model of an agricultural system (crop, farm or whole economy), relating its functions to its inputs and outputs.


lexentry: eng/agroforestry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: agroforestry
trans_list: agroleśnictwo
sense:
An agricultural approach of using the interactive benefits from combining trees and shrubs with crops and/or livestock.


lexentry: eng/agronomy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: agronomy
trans_list: agronomia
sense:
The science of utilizing plants, animals and soils for food, fuel, feed, and fiber and more. To do this effectively and sustainably, agronomy encompasses work in the areas of plant genetics, plant physiology, meteorology, animal sciences and soil science.


lexentry: eng/ah__Interjection__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ah
trans_list: a | ach
sense:
An expression of relief, relaxation, comfort, confusion, understanding, wonder, awe, etc. according to uttered inflection.


lexentry: eng/ahead_of_one's_time__Prepositional_phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ahead of one's time
trans_list: wyprzedzać swoje czasy
sense:
(idiomatic) In advance of concurrent commonly accepted ideas; showing characteristics of changes yet to be.


lexentry: eng/aide-de-camp__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aide-de-camp
trans_list: adiutant | adiutantka
sense:
A military officer who serves as an adjutant to a higher-ranking officer, prince or other high political dignitary.


lexentry: eng/aiglet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aiglet
trans_list: aglet | skuwka
sense:
A tip, originally of metal and often decorative, on a ribbon or cord that makes lacing two parts of a garment or garments together easier, as in corset lacings, "points" (lacing hose or trousers to jacket or doublet) or sleeves to a bodice.


lexentry: eng/ail__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ail
trans_list: brakować
sense:
(transitive) To cause to suffer; to trouble, afflict. (Now chiefly in interrogative or indefinite constructions.)


lexentry: eng/ailette__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ailette
trans_list: skrzydełko
sense:
(historical) A small square piece of armour, normally made of boiled leather, worn on the shoulders of knights.


lexentry: eng/aim__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: aim
trans_list: celować | mierzyć | wycelować
sense:
(transitive) To direct or point (e.g. a weapon), at a particular object; to direct, as a missile, an act, or a proceeding, at, to, or against an object


lexentry: eng/aioli__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aioli
trans_list: ailloli
sense:
A type of sauce made from garlic and olive oil, often with egg and lemon juice and similar to mayonnaise.


lexentry: eng/air__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: air
trans_list: powietrze
sense:
(uncountable, usually, with the) The apparently open space above the ground which this substance fills, (historical) formerly thought to be limited by the firmament but (meteorology) now considered to be surrounded by the near-vacuum of outer space.


lexentry: eng/air_filter__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: air filter
trans_list: filtr powietrza
sense:
A filter for removing dust and other particles from a stream of air, typically used in the air intake of an internal combustion engine, the output of an air compressor, the supply duct of a forced-air furnace, etc.


lexentry: eng/air_gun__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: air gun
trans_list: wiatrówka
sense:
A gun that propels a projectile by compressed air or similar compressed gas (such as carbon dioxide).


lexentry: eng/air_out__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: air out
trans_list: przewietrzać | przewietrzyć
sense:
(idiomatic) To expose to air; to leave open or spread out, as to allow odor or moisture to dissipate.


lexentry: eng/air_supremacy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: air supremacy
trans_list: przewaga w powietrzu
sense:
In a war, the most favorable state of control of the air: air superiority so complete that the opposing air force is incapable of effective interference.


lexentry: eng/air_traffic_control__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: air traffic control
trans_list: kontrola ruchu lotniczego
sense:
A system designed to give assistance to aircraft, to prevent collisions and to manage aircraft flow.


lexentry: eng/airbag__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: airbag
trans_list: poduszka powietrzna
sense:
(automotive) A protective system in automobiles in which when a crash occurs, a bag containing nitrogen, formed by the explosive decomposition of sodium azide, quickly inflates in front of the driver or passenger, preventing injury to the head. Side air bags, including the back seat passengers, also prevent injury.


lexentry: eng/airbrush__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: airbrush
trans_list: aerograf
sense:
A miniature, handheld paint sprayer, powered by compressed air or other gas, used for delicate, artistic painting, or sometimes retouching of photographs.


lexentry: eng/aircraft_carrier__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aircraft carrier
trans_list: lotniskowiec | awiomatka
sense:
A warship designed to carry aircraft, serving as a seagoing air base, with a deck on which aircraft can be launched and landed.


lexentry: eng/airfield__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: airfield
trans_list: aerodrom | lotnisko | lądowisko
sense:
(aviation) An open field designated for the taking off and landing of aircraft, but which, unlike an airport, does not necessarily have terminals or paved runways.


lexentry: eng/airport__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: airport
trans_list: lotnisko | port lotniczy | aerodrom | aeroport
sense:
An airfield (an area designated for the takeoff and landing of aircraft), including one or more runways and (for commercial airports) one or more passenger terminals.


lexentry: eng/airspace__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: airspace
trans_list: przestrzeń powietrzna
sense:
(politics, aviation) A specified portion of the atmosphere, especially that under the technical aviation control and/or jurisdiction of a particular state over which territory (and territorial waters) it lies.


lexentry: eng/ajvar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ajvar
trans_list: ajwar
sense:
A relish made principally out of red bell peppers, sometimes with eggplant, garlic and chili pepper, predominantly popular in the Western Balkans.


lexentry: eng/ajwain__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ajwain
trans_list: ajowan | chropawiec wonny
sense:
A plant in the family Apiaceae (Trachyspermum ammi), and its seed-like fruit, which is used (especially in South Asian cooking) for its thyme-like flavor.


lexentry: eng/akanye__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: akanye
trans_list: akanie
sense:
(phonology) A case of vowel reduction in Slavic languages; the merger of pretonic non-high vowel phonemes (/o/, /e/ and /a/).


lexentry: eng/akin__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: akin
trans_list: pokrewny | spokrewniony | zbliżony
sense:
(often, followed by to) Allied by nature; similar; partaking of the same properties; of the same kind.


lexentry: eng/alalia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alalia
trans_list: alalia
sense:
(medicine, obsolete) The loss of the ability to speak, especially due to paralysis of the vocal cords.


lexentry: eng/alanine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alanine
trans_list: alanina
sense:
(amino acid, uncountable) A nonessential amino acid 2-aminopropanoic acid found in most animal proteins


lexentry: eng/alarm__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: alarm
trans_list: alarm
sense:
Any sound or information intended to give notice of approaching danger; a warning sound to arouse attention; a warning of danger.


lexentry: eng/alarm__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: alarm
trans_list: alarm
sense:
Sudden surprise with fear or terror excited by apprehension of danger; in the military use, commonly, sudden apprehension of being attacked by surprise.


lexentry: eng/alarm__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: alarm
trans_list: alarmować | zaalarmować
sense:
(transitive) To give (someone) notice of approaching danger or necessary action; to rouse to vigilance; to put on the alert.


lexentry: eng/alarm__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: alarm
trans_list: alarmować | zaalarmować
sense:
(transitive, of a device) To produce a warning of approaching danger or necessary action; to emit a signal intended to rouse a recipient to vigilance or put them on the alert.


lexentry: eng/alb__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alb
trans_list: alba
sense:
(Christianity, chiefly, _, Anglicanism, Roman Catholicism) A long, white robe worn by priests and other ministers, underneath most of the other vestments.


lexentry: eng/albatross__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: albatross
trans_list: albatros
sense:
Any of various large seabirds of the family Diomedeidae ranging widely in the Southern Ocean and the North Pacific and having a hooked beak and long narrow wings.


lexentry: eng/albatross_around_one's_neck__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: albatross around one's neck
trans_list: kamień u szyi
sense:
(idiomatic, figurative) A characteristic, possession, associate, or previous deed that hinders one's ability to succeed.


lexentry: eng/albedo__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: albedo
trans_list: albedo
sense:
(physics, meteorology, astronomy, optics) The fraction of incident light or radiation reflected by a surface or body, commonly expressed as a percentage.


lexentry: eng/albedo__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: albedo
trans_list: albedo
sense:
(botany) The whitish inner portion of the rind of citrus fruits that is a source of pectin, commonly referred to as the pith.


lexentry: eng/albinism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: albinism
trans_list: albinizm | bielactwo
sense:
Congenital lack of melanin pigmentation in the skin, eyes, and hair or feathers (or more rarely only in the eyes); the condition of being albino.


lexentry: eng/albino__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: albino
trans_list: albinotyczny | bielaczy
sense:
Congenitally lacking melanin pigmentation in the skin, eyes, and hair or feathers (or more rarely only in the eyes); born with albinism.


lexentry: eng/albino__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: albino
trans_list: albinos | albinoska
sense:
(countable) A person or animal congenitally lacking melanin pigmentation in the skin, eyes, and hair or feathers (or more rarely only in the eyes); one born with albinism.


lexentry: eng/albumin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: albumin
trans_list: albumina
sense:
(protein) Any of a class of monomeric proteins that are soluble in water, and are coagulated by heat; they occur in egg white, milk etc; they function as carrier protein for steroids, fatty acids, and thyroid hormones and play a role in stabilizing extracellular fluid volume.


lexentry: eng/alchemy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alchemy
trans_list: alchemia | alchimia
sense:
(uncountable) The premodern and early modern study of physical changes, particularly in Europe, Arabia, and China; and chiefly in pursuit of an elixir of immortality, a universal panacea, and/or a philosopher's stone able to transmute base metals into gold, eventually developing into chemistry.


lexentry: eng/alcid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alcid
trans_list: alka krzywonosa
sense:
(ornithology) A bird of the family Alcidae, including auks, auklets, razorbills, dovekies, guillemots, and puffins.


lexentry: eng/alcohol__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alcohol
trans_list: alkohol
sense:
(organic compound, countable) Any of a class of organic compounds (such as ethanol) containing a hydroxyl functional group (-OH).


lexentry: eng/alcoholate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alcoholate
trans_list: alkoholan
sense:
(obsolete, organic chemistry) A crystalline salt containing alcohol in place of water of crystallization.


lexentry: eng/alcoholism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alcoholism
trans_list: alkoholizm | pijaństwo
sense:
A chronic disease caused by compulsive and uncontrollable consumption of alcoholic beverages, leading to addiction and deterioration in health and social functioning.


lexentry: eng/alcoholize__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alcoholize
trans_list: alkoholizować
sense:
To convert into alcohol by fermentation, or to increase the concentration of alcohol by rectification


lexentry: eng/alcohology__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alcohology
trans_list: alkohologia
sense:
(sociology) The study of the effects of alcohol; on living organisms, people or social environments.


lexentry: eng/aldehyde__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aldehyde
trans_list: aldehyd
sense:
(organic compound) Any of a large class of reactive organic compounds (R·CHO) having a carbonyl functional group attached to one hydrocarbon radical and a hydrogen atom.


lexentry: eng/alder_buckthorn__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alder buckthorn
trans_list: kruszyna pospolita
sense:
A deciduous shrub, Frangula alnus, native to Europe and neighboring areas of Asia and Africa, bearing glossy leaves, flowers in sessile umbels, and inedible red berries that turn black when ripe, and historically used as a laxative and to produce dyes.


lexentry: eng/aldolase__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aldolase
trans_list: aldolazy
sense:
(enzyme) An enzyme, present in some tissue, that catalyses the conversion of phosphates of fructose to those of glyceraldehyde and dihydroxyacetone


lexentry: eng/aldose__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aldose
trans_list: aldoza
sense:
(organic chemistry, carbohydrate) Any of a class of monosaccharides having an aldehyde or hemiacetal functional group.


lexentry: eng/aldosterone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aldosterone
trans_list: aldosteron
sense:
(steroid hormone) A mineralocorticoid hormone, secreted by the adrenal cortex, that regulates the balance of sodium and potassium in the body.


lexentry: eng/alembic__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alembic
trans_list: alembik
sense:
An early chemical apparatus, consisting of two retorts connected by a tube, used to purify substances by distillation.


lexentry: eng/aleph-null__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aleph-null
trans_list: alef zero
sense:
(set theory) The first of the transfinite cardinal numbers; corresponds to the number of natural numbers.


lexentry: eng/aleph__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aleph
trans_list: alef
sense:
The first letter of the Proto-Canaanite alphabet, and its descendants in descended Semitic scripts, such as Phoenician 𐤀 (ʾ, ʾaleph), Aramaic 𐡀 (ʾ), Classical Syriac ܐ ('ālaph), Hebrew א (aleph) and Arabic ا (ʾalif).


lexentry: eng/alexandrine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alexandrine
trans_list: aleksandryn
sense:
(poetry) A line of poetic meter having twelve syllables, usually divided into two or three equal parts.


lexentry: eng/alexandrite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alexandrite
trans_list: aleksandryt
sense:
(mineral) A form of chrysoberyl that displays a colour change dependent upon the light source, along with strong pleochroism.


lexentry: eng/alexia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alexia
trans_list: aleksja
sense:
(psychiatry) Word blindness, the inability, due to a cerebral disorder, to comprehend or understand writing.


lexentry: eng/alexin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alexin
trans_list: aleksyna | dopełniacz
sense:
(biochemistry, dated) A protective substance that exists in the serum or other bodily fluid and is capable of killing microorganisms; complement.


lexentry: eng/alga__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alga
trans_list: glon | alga
sense:
(biology) Any of many aquatic photosynthetic organisms, including the seaweeds, whose size ranges from a single cell to giant kelps and whose biochemistry and forms are very diverse, some being eukaryotic.


lexentry: eng/algebra__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: algebra
trans_list: algebra
sense:
(uncountable, mathematics) Elementary algebra: A system for representing and manipulating unknown quantities (variables) in equations.


lexentry: eng/algebra__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: algebra
trans_list: algebra
sense:
(uncountable, medicine, historical, rare) The surgical treatment of a dislocated or fractured bone. Also (countable) : a dislocation or fracture.


lexentry: eng/algebraic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: algebraic
trans_list: algebraiczny
sense:
(mathematics, of an expression, equation, or function) Containing only numbers, letters, and arithmetic operators.


lexentry: eng/algebraic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: algebraic
trans_list: algebraiczny
sense:
(algebra, number theory, of a number) Which is a root of some polynomial whose coefficients are rational.


lexentry: eng/algebraic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: algebraic
trans_list: algebraiczny
sense:
(chess, of notation) Describing squares by file (referred to in intrinsic order rather than by the piece starting on that file) and rank, both with reference to a fixed point rather than a player-dependent perspective.


lexentry: eng/algebraic_geometry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: algebraic geometry
trans_list: geometria algebraiczna
sense:
(mathematics) A branch of mathematics that studies algebraic varieties (solution sets of polynomial equations) and their generalisations, using techniques from both algebra (chiefly commutative algebra) and geometry.


lexentry: eng/algid__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: algid
trans_list: chłodny
sense:
(medicine) Cold, chilly; used of low body temperature, especially in connection with certain diseases such as malaria and cholera.


lexentry: eng/algin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: algin
trans_list: algina
sense:
Any of various gelatinous gums, derivatives of alginic acid, derived from marine brown algae and used especially as emulsifiers or thickeners.


lexentry: eng/alginic_acid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alginic acid
trans_list: kwas alginowy
sense:
(biochemistry) An insoluble colloidal acid (C6H8O6)n that in the form of its salts is a constituent of the cell walls of brown algae and is used as a food additive.


lexentry: eng/algolagnia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: algolagnia
trans_list: algolagnia
sense:
A physical condition that causes a person to gain sexual pleasure by suffering pain, particularly to erogenous zones.


lexentry: eng/algorithm__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: algorithm
trans_list: algorytm
sense:
(countable) A collection of ordered steps that solve a mathematical problem. A precise step-by-step plan for a computational procedure that possibly begins with an input value and yields an output value in a finite number of steps.


lexentry: eng/algorithm__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: algorithm
trans_list: algorytm
sense:
(loosely) A flowchart illustrating a decision-making process for human users, especially health care professionals.


lexentry: eng/alias__Adverb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: alias
trans_list: alias
sense:
(legal) Used to connect the different names of a person who has gone by two or more, and whose true name is for any cause doubtful


lexentry: eng/aliasing__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aliasing
trans_list: krenelaż
sense:
(signal processing, graphics, sound recording) Distortion caused by a low sampling rate, such as a moiré effect or jaggies.


lexentry: eng/alibi__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alibi
trans_list: alibi
sense:
(legal) The plea or mode of defense under which a person on trial for a crime proves or attempts to prove being in another place when the alleged act was committed.


lexentry: eng/alicyclic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alicyclic
trans_list: alicykliczny
sense:
(organic chemistry) Of a class of organic compounds having both aliphatic (chain) and cyclic (ring) structure


lexentry: eng/alien__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alien
trans_list: cudzoziemski
sense:
Not belonging to the same country, land, or government, or to the citizens or subjects thereof; foreign.


lexentry: eng/alien__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alien
trans_list: obcy
sense:
A person, animal, plant, or other thing which is from outside the family, group, organization, or territory under consideration.


lexentry: eng/alienate__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alienate
trans_list: alienować
sense:
To convey or transfer to another, as title, property, or right; to part voluntarily with ownership of.


lexentry: eng/alienation__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: alienation
trans_list: alienacja | wyobcowanie
sense:
(Marxism) The estrangement of people from aspects of their human nature as a consequence of the division of labour and living in a society of stratified social classes.


lexentry: eng/align__Verb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: align
trans_list: wpłacać
sense:
(intransitive, reflexive) To identify (oneself) with, match, or support the behaviour, thoughts, etc. of another person, organization, or country.


lexentry: eng/align__Verb__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: align
trans_list: wpłacać
sense:
(transitive, computing) To store (data) in a way that is consistent with the memory architecture, i.e. by beginning each item at an offset equal to some multiple of the word size.


lexentry: eng/alignment__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: alignment
trans_list: nastawienie
sense:
The process of adjusting a mechanism such that its parts are aligned; the condition of having its parts so adjusted.


lexentry: eng/alimony__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alimony
trans_list: alimenty
sense:
(legal, sometimes, pejorative) A court-mandated allowance made to a former spouse by a divorced or legally separated person.


lexentry: eng/aliphatic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aliphatic
trans_list: alifatyczny
sense:
(organic chemistry) Of a class of organic compounds in which the carbon atoms are arranged in an open chain.


lexentry: eng/alive_and_kicking__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alive and kicking
trans_list: o dobrym zdrowiu
sense:
(idiomatic) Healthy; vital; in good health, particularly in opposition to unfavorable circumstances.


lexentry: eng/alizarin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alizarin
trans_list: alizaryna
sense:
(organic compound) A red substance, 1,2-dihydroxyanthraquinone, extracted from madder root and used as a dye.


lexentry: eng/alkali__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alkali
trans_list: alkalia
sense:
(chemistry) One of a class of caustic bases, such as soda, soda ash, caustic soda, potash, ammonia, and lithia, whose distinguishing characteristics are dissolving in alcohol and water, uniting with oils and fats to form soap, neutralizing and forming salts with acids, turning to brown several vegetable yellows, and changing reddened litmus to blue.


lexentry: eng/alkali_metal__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alkali metal
trans_list: litowiec
sense:
(inorganic chemistry) Any of the soft, light, reactive metals of Group 1 of the periodic table; lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, and francium.


lexentry: eng/alkaline_earth_metal__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alkaline earth metal
trans_list: berylowiec | metal ziem alkalicznych | wapniowiec
sense:
(inorganic chemistry) Any of the elements of group II of the periodic table; they are low-density metals that react readily with water to form strongly basic hydroxides, and with many acids to form salts.


lexentry: eng/alkaliphile__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alkaliphile
trans_list: alkalifil
sense:
Any organism that lives and thrives in an alkaline environment, such as a soda lake; a form of extremophile.


lexentry: eng/alkaloid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alkaloid
trans_list: alkaloid | alkaloidy
sense:
(organic chemistry) Any of many organic (often heterocyclic) bases that occur in nature and often have medicinal properties.


lexentry: eng/alkene__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alkene
trans_list: alken
sense:
(organic compound) An unsaturated, aliphatic hydrocarbon with one or more carbon–carbon double bonds.


lexentry: eng/alkoxide__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alkoxide
trans_list: alkoholan
sense:
(organic compound) Any organic compound derived from an alcohol by replacement of a hydrogen atom with a metal or other cationic species


lexentry: eng/alkyl__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alkyl
trans_list: alkil
sense:
(organic chemistry) Any of a series of univalent radicals of the general formula CnH2n+1 derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons. In other words, an alkane minus one hydrogen atom.


lexentry: eng/alkylate__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alkylate
trans_list: alkilować
sense:
(organic chemistry) To add one or more alkyl groups to a compound, especially by reacting with an alkylating agent


lexentry: eng/alkylation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alkylation
trans_list: alkilacja
sense:
(organic chemistry) Any reaction in which an alkyl group is added to a molecule; used in the production of high-octane petroleum fuels.


lexentry: eng/all-points_bulletin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: all-points bulletin
trans_list: list gończy
sense:
(law enforcement) A broadcast issued from one law enforcement agency to another, typically containing information about a wanted suspect or a person of interest.


lexentry: eng/all-you-can-eat__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: all-you-can-eat
trans_list: rodzaj bufetu
sense:
(literally) Offering unlimited food to a diner at a restaurant for a fixed price for as long as the diner continues to eat.


lexentry: eng/all__Determiner__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: all
trans_list: wszystek | wszystko
sense:
Every individual or anything of the given class, with no exceptions (the noun or noun phrase denoting the class must be plural or uncountable).


lexentry: eng/all_cats_are_grey_in_the_dark__Proverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: all cats are grey in the dark
trans_list: w nocy wszystkie koty są czarne
sense:
(UK, sometimes, _, vulgar, _, &, _) Sex is enjoyable regardless of the physical attractiveness or social station of one's partner.


lexentry: eng/all_hands_on_deck__Interjection__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: all hands on deck
trans_list: wszystkie ręce na pokład
sense:
(nautical) An order, on board ship, for all seamen of all watches to muster on deck immediately; normally shortened to "All hands"


lexentry: eng/all_rights_reserved__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: all rights reserved
trans_list: wszelkie prawa zastrzeżone
sense:
(idiomatic, legal) The copyright holder of a creative work reserves all copyright-related rights, typically including the right to publish the work, to make derivative works of it, to distribute it, to make profit from it, to license a number of these rights to other people, and to forbid these uses by any unauthorized people, thus being entitled to take legal action against infringement.


lexentry: eng/all_that_glitters_is_not_gold__Proverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: all that glitters is not gold
trans_list: nie wszystko złoto, co się świeci
sense:
Things that appear valuable or worthwhile might not actually be so; things that look nice might not be as good as they look.


lexentry: eng/all_the_more__Adverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: all the more
trans_list: tym bardziej
sense:
Even more; notably, but even more notably due to additional information, either preceding or following the statement.


lexentry: eng/all_the_tea_in_China__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
sense: (idiomatic, hyperbole) Something very valuable or priceless.
written_rep: all the tea in China
trans_list:
za Chiny | za Chiny ludowe | za chińskiego boga | za nic na świecie | za skarby świata | za żadne pieniądze


lexentry: eng/allantois__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: allantois
trans_list: omocznia
sense:
(anatomy) A sac, having a number of functions, that develops in the alimentary canal of the embryos of mammals, birds and reptiles.


lexentry: eng/allative_case__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: allative case
trans_list: allatyw
sense:
(grammatical case) A case used to indicate movement onto, or to the adjacency of something. In English, this is usually expressed by the prepositions to or onto, as in "to the house," "onto the house." Languages that use the allative case include Basque, Dyirbal, Estonian, Finnish, Hungarian, and Lithuanian.


lexentry: eng/allegory__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: allegory
trans_list: alegoria
sense:
A symbolic representation which can be interpreted to reveal a hidden meaning, usually a moral or political one.


lexentry: eng/allegory__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: allegory
trans_list: alegoria
sense:
(mathematics, category theory) A category that retains some of the structure of the category of binary relations between sets, representing a high-level generalisation of that category.


lexentry: eng/allegro__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: allegro
trans_list: allegro
sense:
(music) A tempo mark directing that a passage is to be played in a quick, lively tempo, faster than allegretto but slower than presto.


lexentry: eng/allele__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: allele
trans_list: allel | allelomorf
sense:
(genetics) One of a number of alternative forms of the same gene occupying a given position, or locus, on a chromosome.


lexentry: eng/allergy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: allergy
trans_list: alergia | uczulenie
sense:
(medicine, immunology, broadly) A disorder of the immune system causing adverse reactions to substances (allergens) not harmful to most and marked by the body's production of histamines and associated with atopy, anaphylaxis, and asthma; any condition of hypersensitivity to a substance.


lexentry: eng/allergy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: allergy
trans_list: alergia | uczulenie
sense:
(medicine, immunology, strictly) Specifically, hypersensitivity of class I in the modern classification thereof: the immunoglobulin E–mediated type.


lexentry: eng/alley__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alley
trans_list: uliczka | aleja | alejka
sense:
A narrow street or passageway, especially one through the middle of a block giving access to the rear of lots of buildings.


lexentry: eng/alliance__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: alliance
trans_list: alians | przymierze | sojusz
sense:
(countable) A union or connection of interests between families, states, parties, etc., especially between families by marriage and states by compact, treaty, or league.


lexentry: eng/alliance__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: alliance
trans_list: alians | sojusz
sense:
(countable) Any union resembling that of families or states; union by relationship in qualities; affinity.


lexentry: eng/allicin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: allicin
trans_list: allicyna
sense:
(organic compound) An organic compound, diallyl thiosulfinate, obtained from garlic, with a variety of medicinal and antibacterial properties.


lexentry: eng/allied_health__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: allied health
trans_list: pramedyczny
sense:
The range of health care services outside the scope of the medicine, dentistry and nursing professions, e.g. music therapy, physiotherapy, optometry, etc.


lexentry: eng/alligator__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alligator
trans_list: aligator
sense:
Either of two species of large amphibious reptile, Alligator mississippiensis or Alligator sinensis, in the genus Alligator within order Crocodilia, which have sharp teeth and very strong jaws and are native to the Americas and China, respectively.


lexentry: eng/alligator_clip__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alligator clip
trans_list: krokodylek
sense:
(electronics) A spring-loaded metal clip, usually attached to a wire and used to make temporary electrical connections.


lexentry: eng/alligator_gar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alligator gar
trans_list: niszczuka krokodyla
sense:
A species of gar native to the US, Atractosteus spatula, known for its extremely large size (in excess of 200 lbs).


lexentry: eng/allision__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: allision
trans_list: alizja
sense:
(nautical) The striking of a vessel against a fixed object; the act of alliding or an instance thereof.


lexentry: eng/alliteration__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alliteration
trans_list: aliteracja
sense:
The repetition of consonant sounds or letters at the beginning of two or more words immediately succeeding each other, or at short intervals; such repetition specifically involving stressed syllables.


lexentry: eng/allodial__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: allodial
trans_list: alodialny
sense:
(usually, historical) Pertaining to land owned by someone absolutely, without any feudal obligations; held without acknowledgement of any superior; allodial title. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/allodium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: allodium
trans_list: alodium
sense:
(dated, or, historical) Freehold land or property; land held in allodial tenure, or one's title to such land.


lexentry: eng/allogamy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: allogamy
trans_list: alogamia | obcopylność
sense:
(biology) The fertilization of an ovum from one individual with the spermatozoa of another; cross-fertilization


lexentry: eng/allonge__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: allonge
trans_list: alonż | przedłużek | przedłużka
sense:
(legal, banking) A slip of paper attached to a negotiable instrument to hold endorsements should the document itself be unable to hold any more.


lexentry: eng/allosteric__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: allosteric
trans_list: allosteryczny
sense:
(biochemistry, of an enzyme) That binds a compound on an inactive site and thus changes macromolecular conformation or dynamics in order to become either active or inactive


lexentry: eng/allotrope__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: allotrope
trans_list: alotrop
sense:
(chemistry) Any form of an element that has a distinctly different molecular structure to another form of the same element, with different physical properties and often different chemical properties. [from 1847]


lexentry: eng/allotropy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: allotropy
trans_list: alotropia
sense:
(chemistry) A property, exhibited by some elements, of existing in multiple forms with different atomic structures.


lexentry: eng/allowance__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: allowance
trans_list: pozwolenie
sense:
An amount, portion, or share that is allotted or granted; a sum granted as a reimbursement, a bounty, or as appropriate for any purpose


lexentry: eng/allowance__Noun__1
sense_num: 08
written_rep: allowance
trans_list: pozwolenie
sense:
(minting) A permissible deviation in the fineness and weight of coins, owing to the difficulty in securing exact conformity to the standard prescribed by law.


lexentry: eng/allowance__Noun__1
sense_num: 11
written_rep: allowance
trans_list: konkurs
sense:
(engineering) A planned deviation between an exact dimension and a nominal or theoretical dimension.


lexentry: eng/alloy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alloy
trans_list: stop | aliaż
sense:
A metal that is a combination of two or more elements, at least one of which is a metal, a base metal.


lexentry: eng/allspice__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: allspice
trans_list: ziele angielskie
sense:
(uncountable) A spice; the dried and ground unripe fruit of Pimenta dioica, thought to combine the flavours of several spices, such as cinnamon, nutmeg and cloves.


lexentry: eng/allusion__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: allusion
trans_list: aluzja
sense:
An indirect reference; a hint; a reference to something supposed to be known, but not explicitly mentioned.


lexentry: eng/alluvium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alluvium
trans_list: aluwium
sense:
soil, clay, silt or gravel deposited by flowing water, as it slows, in a river bed, delta, estuary or flood plain


lexentry: eng/ally__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: ally
trans_list: sojusznik | aliant | aliantka | sojuszniczka
sense:
A person, group, state, etc., which is associated or united by treaty with another for a common (especially military or political) purpose; a confederate.


lexentry: eng/almah__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: almah
trans_list: almeja
sense:
An Egyptian singer or dancing-girl used for entertainment; a dancing-girl, a prostitute. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/almanac__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: almanac
trans_list: almanach
sense:
(astronomy, navigation) A book or table listing nautical, astronomical, astrological or other events for the year; sometimes, but not essentially, containing historical and statistical information.


lexentry: eng/almandine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: almandine
trans_list: almandyn
sense:
(mineral) A type of garnet having a deep red color, inclining to purple, with the chemical formula Fe3Al2(SiO4)3.


lexentry: eng/almond__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: almond
trans_list: migdał
sense:
(uncountable) The colour of the kernel of an almond without its shell and thin seed coat, a creamy off-white colour.


lexentry: eng/almond_paste__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: almond paste
trans_list: pasta migdałowa
sense:
A type of confection made from ground almonds and sugar in equal quantities, bound with some syrup or other similar substance in order to form a paste.


lexentry: eng/almost__Adverb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: almost
trans_list: prawie | niemal
sense:
(mathematics) Up to, except for a negligible set (where negligible is not universally but contextually defined).


lexentry: eng/almucantar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: almucantar
trans_list: almukantarat | almukantar
sense:
(astronomy, archaic, or, historical) A small circle on the celestial sphere, parallel to the horizon, that is used in astronomy and navigation to show altitude of a star or any other heavenly body.


lexentry: eng/alnico__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alnico
trans_list: alniko
sense:
An alloy of aluminium, nickel and cobalt, sometimes alloyed with smaller amounts of iron, copper, titanium and used primarily in the manufacture of magnets.


lexentry: eng/alocasia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alocasia
trans_list: alokazja | zakleśń
sense:
Any of several tropical Asian plants, of the genus Alocasia, having heart- or arrowhead-shaped leaves.


lexentry: eng/aloe__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aloe
trans_list: aloes
sense:
(in the plural) The resins of the tree Aquilaria malaccensis (syn. Aquilaria agallocha), known for their fragrant aroma, produced after infection by the fungus Phialophora parasitica.


lexentry: eng/aloe_vera__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aloe vera
trans_list: aloes zwyczajny
sense:
A plant of the species Aloe vera, grown as an ornamental, thought to have medicinal value; an extract, often a gel, made from the plant.


lexentry: eng/aloha_shirt__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aloha shirt
trans_list: koszula hawajska
sense:
A collared shirt of a type originating in Hawaii, often brilliantly colored with floral or Polynesian patterns. [from 1930s]


lexentry: eng/alopecia__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: alopecia
trans_list: łysienie | alopecja
sense:
(medicine) Loss of hair (especially on the head) or loss of wool or feathers, whether natural or caused by disease.


lexentry: eng/alpaca__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alpaca
trans_list: alpaka
sense:
A sheep-like domesticated animal of the Andes, Vicugna pacos, in the camel family, closely related to the llama, guanaco, and vicuña.


lexentry: eng/alpha__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alpha
trans_list: alfa
sense:
The name of the first letter of the Greek alphabet (Α, α), followed by beta. In the Latin alphabet it is the predecessor to A.


lexentry: eng/alpha_fucks,_beta_bucks__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alpha fucks, beta bucks
trans_list: alfa szmaci, beta płaci
sense:
(vulgar, slang) Women prefer sex with alpha males but are willing to use beta males as a source of financial support.


lexentry: eng/alpha_male__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: alpha male
trans_list: samiec alfa
sense:
(by extension) A dominant, assertive, protective, oftentimes successful, leadership-type man or male. [from 1990s]


lexentry: eng/alpha_particle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alpha particle
trans_list: cząstka alfa
sense:
(physics) A doubly positively charged nucleus of a helium-4 atom (consisting of two protons and two neutrons), emitted as a consequence of radioactivity; α-particle


lexentry: eng/alpha_version__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alpha version
trans_list: wersja alfa
sense:
(computer, technology) An early version of a program or application, typically unstable, but useful to show what the product will do. Sometimes this stage is referred to as a preview version. Sometimes no more features are added after this release, but bug fixes continue. This release comes after a pre-alpha version and before a beta version. As opposed to a beta version an alpha version is usually not feature complete.


lexentry: eng/alphabet__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: alphabet
trans_list: alfabet | abecadło
sense:
A writing system in which letters represent phonemes. (Contrast e.g. logography, a writing system in which each character represents a word, and syllabary, in which each character represents a syllable.)


lexentry: eng/alphabetical_order__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alphabetical order
trans_list: porządek alfabetyczny
sense:
The sequence of a collection of items (such as words in a dictionary) arranged in order by position in the alphabet.


lexentry: eng/alphanumeric__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alphanumeric
trans_list: alfanumeryczny
sense:
Consisting of, or limited to, letters and/or numbers, especially the characters A to Z (lowercase and uppercase) and 0 to 9.


lexentry: eng/alphasyllabary__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alphasyllabary
trans_list: abugida
sense:
A segmental writing system in which consonant–vowel sequences are written as a unit, and where each unit is based on a consonant letter, and vowel notation is secondary; an abugida.


lexentry: eng/alphorn__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alphorn
trans_list: róg alpejski
sense:
(musical instruments) A long, curved, wooden horn used by mountain-dwelling herders in the Alps, originally to call cattle but now only as musical instrument in classical and folk tunes.


lexentry: eng/alpine_chough__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alpine chough
trans_list: wieszczek
sense:
A species of bird in the crow family (Corvidae) (Pyrrhocorax graculus), that breeds locally in the highest mountains of southern Europe, the Alps, across central Asia and India.


lexentry: eng/alt-right__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alt-right
trans_list: alt-right | neoreakcja
sense:
(uncountable) An amorphous movement of right-wing white nationalists opposed to multiculturalism and egalitarianism by race and sex, mostly active on the Internet.


lexentry: eng/alt_key__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alt key
trans_list: alt
sense:
(computing) A key on a personal computer or terminal keyboard used in combination to alter the function of other keys.


lexentry: eng/altar_server__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: altar server
trans_list: ministrant
sense:
(Christianity) A layperson, often a child or adolescent, who assists a member of the clergy during a Christian liturgy, attending to supporting tasks at the altar.


lexentry: eng/altazimuth__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: altazimuth
trans_list: altazymut
sense:
A telescope or surveying instrument that has a mount permitting both horizontal and vertical rotation.


lexentry: eng/alter_ego__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: alter ego
trans_list: alter ego | drugie ja
sense:
(law) A corporation used by a person to conduct personal business in an attempt to shield himself or herself from personal liability, and which a court may penetrate by "piercing the corporate veil" to impose liability on the person when they commit fraud or injustice.


lexentry: eng/alternate__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alternate
trans_list: alternować
sense:
Happening by turns; one following the other in succession of time or place; first one and then the other (repeatedly).


lexentry: eng/alternating_current__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alternating current
trans_list: prąd przemienny | prąd zmienny
sense:
(physics) An electric current in which the direction of flow of the electrons reverses periodically.


lexentry: eng/alternation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alternation
trans_list: alternacja
sense:
The reciprocal succession of (normally two) things in time or place; the act of following and being followed by turns; alternate succession, performance, or occurrence


lexentry: eng/alternative__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alternative
trans_list: alternatywa | dysjunkcja
sense:
A situation which allows a mutually exclusive choice between two or more possibilities; a choice between two or more possibilities. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/alternative_medicine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alternative medicine
trans_list: medycyna niekonwencjonalna
sense:
Any of various pseudoscientific medical methods and practices used in place of, or as well as, conventional (scientific) medicine.


lexentry: eng/alternativity__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alternativity
trans_list: alternatywność
sense:
A characteristic of something having alternative connotations, akin to the representation of choice between two or more possibilities.


lexentry: eng/alternator__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alternator
trans_list: alternator
sense:
(electrical engineering) An electric generator which produces alternating current through mechanical means.


lexentry: eng/although__Conjunction__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: although
trans_list: chociaż | aczkolwiek | choć | acz | lubo | mimo że
sense:
Though, even though, in spite of or despite the fact that: introducing a clause that expresses a concession.


lexentry: eng/altitude_sickness__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: altitude sickness
trans_list: choroba wysokościowa
sense:
(medicine) A pathological condition caused by oxygen deficiency at high altitudes; symptoms include shortness of breath, nausea, and nosebleed.


lexentry: eng/alto__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alto
trans_list: alt
sense:
A musical part or section higher than tenor and lower than soprano, formerly the part that performed a countermelody above the tenor or main melody.


lexentry: eng/altocumulus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: altocumulus
trans_list: altocumulus
sense:
(physics, meteorology) A fleecy cloud formation consisting of large whitish or greyish globular cloudlets with shaded portions, often grouped in flocks or rows. (Abbreviated Ac.)


lexentry: eng/altostratus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: altostratus
trans_list: altostratus
sense:
(physics, meteorology) A principal medium-level cloud type in the form of a gray or bluish (never white) sheet or layer of striated, fibrous, or uniform appearance.


lexentry: eng/altruism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: altruism
trans_list: altruizm
sense:
Regard for others, both natural and moral without regard for oneself; devotion to the interests of others; brotherly kindness.


lexentry: eng/altruism__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: altruism
trans_list: altruizm
sense:
(biology, sociobiology) Action or behaviour that benefits another or others at some cost to the performer.


lexentry: eng/aludel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aludel
trans_list: aludel
sense:
A pear-shaped pot with an opening at each end, formerly used, especially by alchemists, for sublimation.


lexentry: eng/alum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alum
trans_list: ałun
sense:
An astringent salt, usually occurring in the form of pale crystals, much used in the dyeing and tanning trade and in certain medicines, and now understood to be a double sulphate of potassium and aluminium (K2SO4·Al2(SO4)3·24H2O). [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/alum__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: alum
trans_list: ałun
sense:
(inorganic compound) Any similar double sulphate in which either or both of the potassium and aluminium is wholly or partly replaced by other univalent or tervalent cations. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/alumina__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alumina
trans_list: tlenek glinu
sense:
Aluminum oxide, especially when used in mining, material sciences or ceramics, a refractory solid compound.


lexentry: eng/aluminium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aluminium
trans_list: glin | aluminium
sense:
A light, silvery metal extracted from bauxite, and a chemical element (symbol Al) with an atomic number of 13.


lexentry: eng/aluminium_foil__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aluminium foil
trans_list: folia aluminiowa
sense:
(Australia, Britain, New Zealand) A very thin, pliable, easily torn sheet of aluminium used for cooking, packaging, cosmetics, and insulation.


lexentry: eng/aluminium_oxide__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aluminium oxide
trans_list: tritlenek diglinu
sense:
(inorganic compound) The solid, Al2O3, commonly known as alumina; it occurs as bauxite, sapphire, ruby and other forms; it is used in the manufacture of ceramics


lexentry: eng/alunite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alunite
trans_list: ałunit
sense:
(mineral) A gray whitish, water-soluble mineral, potassium aluminium sulphate; the natural source of alum, KAl3(SO4)2(OH)6.


lexentry: eng/alveolar__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: alveolar
trans_list: dziąsłowy | alweolarny
sense:
(phonetics) Formed with the tongue touching or approaching the inner ridge of the gums of the upper front teeth.


lexentry: eng/alveolar_ridge__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alveolar ridge
trans_list: wał dziąsłowy
sense:
(anatomy) A ridge that forms the borders of the maxilla and the mandible and contains the alveoli of the teeth.


lexentry: eng/alveolus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alveolus
trans_list: pęcherzyk płucny
sense:
(anatomy) Any of the many tiny air sacs in the lungs in which the bronchioles terminate and where oxygen and carbon dioxide are rapidly exchanged with the pulmonary capillaries.


lexentry: eng/alveopalatal__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alveopalatal
trans_list: alweopalatalny | dziąsłowo-podniebienny | przedniopodniebienny
sense:
(phonetics) Of or relating to those consonants that are intermediate in articulation between the coronal and dorsal consonants.


lexentry: eng/alveopalatal__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alveopalatal
sense:
(phonetics) Any consonant that is intermediate in articulation between the coronal and dorsal consonants.

trans_list:
spółgłoska [[dziąsłowo-podniebienny|dziąsłowo-podniebienna]] | spółgłoska alweopalatalna | spółgłoska przedniopodniebienna


lexentry: eng/always__Adverb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: always
trans_list: zawsze | ciągle | stale
sense:
Constantly during a certain period, or regularly at stated intervals (opposed to sometimes or occasionally).


lexentry: eng/alyssum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: alyssum
trans_list: smagliczka
sense:
Any of several plants, of the genus Alyssum, mostly of Eurasian origin, that have racemes of white or yellow flowers.


lexentry: eng/amadou__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amadou
trans_list: hubka
sense:
A spongy, flammable substance prepared from bracket fungi, formerly used as a styptic and as tinder.


lexentry: eng/amalgamation__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: amalgamation
trans_list: amalgamacja
sense:
(specifically) The production of an alloy of mercury and another metal, especially used in antiquity to extract gold and silver from ores.


lexentry: eng/amanitin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amanitin
trans_list: amanityna
sense:
(protein) A deadly amatoxin found in Amanita phalloides (the death cap), the four destroying angels (Amanita bisporigera, Amanita ocreata, Amanita verna, and Amanita virosa), and some other amanitas.


lexentry: eng/amaretto__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amaretto
trans_list: amaretto
sense:
(uncountable, countable) A sweet-bitter liqueur originating from Italy (but also produced in Turkey), flavored with almonds and a secret blend-specific mix of some 200 ingredients such as the pits from apricots, peaches, cherries or other stone fruits.


lexentry: eng/amateur__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: amateur
trans_list: amator | amatorka
sense:
A person attached to a particular pursuit, study, science, or art (such as music or painting), especially one who cultivates any study, interest, taste, or attachment without engaging in it professionally.


lexentry: eng/amateur_radio__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amateur radio
trans_list: krótkofalarstwo
sense:
The hobby or pastime of communicating by two-way radio, often striving for “DX” QSOs that are challenging because of distance.


lexentry: eng/amateurish__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amateurish
trans_list: amatorski
sense:
(pejorative) Suggesting or reflecting the efforts of an amateur; not seeming professional or polished.


lexentry: eng/amazed__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amazed
trans_list: zdumiony
sense:
Astonished or confounded with fear, surprise, or wonder; greatly surprised (often with ensuing adpositions e.g. at, with, or by).


lexentry: eng/amazement__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amazement
trans_list: zdumienie
sense:
(uncountable) The condition of being amazed; a state of overwhelming wonder, as from surprise or sudden fear, horror, or admiration; astonishment.


lexentry: eng/ambassador__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ambassador
trans_list: ambasador | ambasadorka
sense:
A minister of the highest rank sent to a foreign court to represent there his sovereign or country. (Sometimes called ambassador-in-residence)


lexentry: eng/amber__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: amber
trans_list: bursztyn | jantar
sense:
A hard, generally yellow to brown translucent or transparent fossil resin from extinct coniferous trees of the pine genus, used for jewellery, decoration and later dissolved as a binder in varnishes. One variety, blue amber, appears blue rather than yellow under direct sunlight. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/amber__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: amber
trans_list: żółte
sense:
(British, AU) The intermediate light in a set of three traffic lights, which when illuminated indicates that drivers should stop when safe to do so. See also yellow light.


lexentry: eng/ambergris__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ambergris
trans_list: ambra
sense:
A solid, waxy, flammable substance of a dull grey or blackish color, produced in the intestines of the sperm whale. It is used in perfumes.


lexentry: eng/amberjack__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amberjack
trans_list: kaszalot
sense:
Any of several large food and game yellowtail fishes of the genus Seriola, found in warm waters of all oceans.


lexentry: eng/ambigram__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ambigram
trans_list: ambigram
sense:
A calligraphic design that may be read as the same word or phrase (or sometimes different words or phrases) when oriented in two different ways, usually when reflected along a vertical or horizontal axis or when rotated through 180 degrees.


lexentry: eng/ambiguity__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ambiguity
trans_list: wieloznaczność
sense:
(countable) words or statements that are open to more than one interpretation, explanation or meaning, especially if that meaning cannot be determined from its context.


lexentry: eng/ambiophonics__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ambiophonics
trans_list: ambiofonia
sense:
A technique using digital signal processing and two loudspeakers directly in front of the listener in order to improve reproduction of stereophonic and surround sound.


lexentry: eng/ambition__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ambition
trans_list: ambicja
sense:
(uncountable, countable) Eager or inordinate desire for some object that confers distinction, as preferment, honor, superiority, political power, or fame; desire to distinguish one's self from other people.


lexentry: eng/ambition__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: ambition
trans_list: ambicja
sense:
(obsolete) The act of going about to solicit or obtain an office, or any other object of desire; canvassing.


lexentry: eng/ambitious__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ambitious
trans_list: ambitny | ambicjonalny
sense:
(of a person or their character) Having or showing ambition; wanting a lot of power, honor, respect, superiority, or other distinction.


lexentry: eng/ambivalence__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ambivalence
trans_list: ambiwalencja
sense:
The coexistence of opposing attitudes or feelings (such as love and hate) towards a person, object or idea.


lexentry: eng/ambivalent__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ambivalent
trans_list: ambiwalentny
sense:
Simultaneously experiencing or expressing opposing or contradictory feelings, beliefs, or motivations.


lexentry: eng/ambivert__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ambivert
trans_list: ambiwertyk
sense:
(psychology) A person who is neither clearly extroverted nor introverted, but has characteristics of each.


lexentry: eng/amblygonite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amblygonite
trans_list: ambligonit
sense:
(mineral) A mineral, a mixed fluoride and aluminophosphate of sodium and lithium that is an important ore of lithium.


lexentry: eng/amblyopia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amblyopia
trans_list: ambliopia | niedowidzenie
sense:
Dimness or blurring of the eyesight due to a fault in transmission of signals to the brain from an otherwise healthy eye.


lexentry: eng/ambrosia__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: ambrosia
trans_list: ambrozja
sense:
Any fungus of a number of species that insects such as ambrosia beetles carry as symbionts, "farming" them on poor-quality food such as wood, where they grow, providing food for the insect.


lexentry: eng/ambulance__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ambulance
trans_list: karetka | ambulans
sense:
An emergency vehicle designed for transporting seriously ill or injured people to a hospital. [1854]


lexentry: eng/ambush_marketing__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ambush marketing
trans_list: marketing pasożytniczy | marketing podstępny
sense:
(business) A marketing strategy wherein advertisers associate themselves with, and therefore capitalize on, a particular event without paying any sponsorship fee.


lexentry: eng/ameliorative__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: ameliorative
trans_list: amelioracyjny
sense:
(philosophy) Of or relating to conceptual engineering, the normative study of which conceptual demarcation is most conducive to solve the problems the concept is a priori taken to solve.


lexentry: eng/amendment__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: amendment
trans_list: nowela | nowelizacja | poprawka
sense:
In public bodies, any alteration made or proposed to be made in a bill or motion that adds, changes, substitutes, or omits.


lexentry: eng/amenity__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: amenity
trans_list: miejsce
sense:
(cartography) A unit pertaining to the infrastructure of a community, such as a public toilet, a postbox, a library, etc.


lexentry: eng/ametropia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ametropia
trans_list: ametropia
sense:
(medicine, ophthalmology) Any of several disorders of the eye (spherical or cylindrical) resulting from faulty refractive ability.


lexentry: eng/amide__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amide
trans_list: amid
sense:
(organic chemistry) Any derivative of an oxoacid in which the hydroxyl group has been replaced with an amino or substituted amino group; especially such derivatives of a carboxylic acid, the carboxamides or acid amides


lexentry: eng/amino_acid__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: amino acid
trans_list: aminokwas
sense:
(amino acid) Any of the twenty naturally occurring α-amino acids (having the amino, and carboxylic acid groups on the same carbon atom), and a variety of side chains, that combine, via peptide bonds, to form proteins.


lexentry: eng/amino_sugar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amino sugar
trans_list: aminocukier | aminosacharyd
sense:
(organic chemistry) any monosaccharide in which a single hydroxy group has been replaced by an amino group


lexentry: eng/aminoacylation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aminoacylation
trans_list: aminoacylacja | aminoacylowanie
sense:
(biochemistry, organic chemistry) The addition of an aminoacyl group to a compound, especially as part of the process of synthesizing proteins via aminoacyl tRNA synthetase


lexentry: eng/aminopeptidase__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aminopeptidase
trans_list: aminopeptydaza
sense:
(enzyme) Any of several enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of the peptide bond of the terminal amino acid at the amino end of a polypeptide or protein


lexentry: eng/ammonia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ammonia
trans_list: amoniak
sense:
(inorganic compound) A gaseous compound of hydrogen and nitrogen, NH3, with a pungent smell and taste.


lexentry: eng/ammonification__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ammonification
trans_list: amonifikacja
sense:
(biochemistry) The formation of ammonia or its compounds from nitrogenous compounds, especially as a result of bacterial decomposition.


lexentry: eng/ammonite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ammonite
trans_list: amonit
sense:
(paleontology) Any of an extinct group of cephalopods of the subclass Ammonoidea; a fossil shell of such an animal.


lexentry: eng/ammonite__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ammonite
trans_list: amonit
sense:
An explosive prepared from a mixture of TNT and ammonium nitrate; a form of amatol, popular in Eastern Europe and China.


lexentry: eng/ammonium_nitrate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ammonium nitrate
trans_list: azotan amonu
sense:
(inorganic compound) The ammonium salt of nitric acid, NH4NO3; it is used in fertilizers and explosives (notoriously in improvised explosive devices, though its main importance is as an explosive in its own right and in mixtures such as amatol and ANFO).


lexentry: eng/ammunition__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ammunition
trans_list: amunicja | strzeliwo
sense:
Articles used in charging firearms and ordnance of all kinds; as powder, balls, shot, shells, percussion caps, rockets, etc.


lexentry: eng/amnesty__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: amnesty
trans_list: amnestia
sense:
An act of the sovereign power granting oblivion, or a general pardon, for a past offense, as to subjects concerned in an insurrection.


lexentry: eng/amniocentesis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amniocentesis
trans_list: amniocenteza | amniopunkcja
sense:
(medicine) A procedure for obtaining amniotic fluid from a pregnant animal, by inserting a hollow needle through the abdominal wall and into the amniotic sac. Used in diagnosing possible genetic defects and/or obstetric complications.


lexentry: eng/amnion__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amnion
trans_list: amnion | owodnia
sense:
(anatomy) The innermost membrane of the fetal membranes of reptiles, birds, and mammals; the sac in which the embryo is suspended.


lexentry: eng/amniote__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amniote
trans_list: owodniowiec
sense:
(biology) Any of the Amniota group of vertebrates having an amnion during the development of the embryo; mammals, birds and reptiles.


lexentry: eng/amniotic_fluid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amniotic fluid
trans_list: wody płodowe | płyn owodniowy
sense:
(zoology) In placental mammals, a fluid contained within the amnion membrane that surrounds a developing embryo or fetus.


lexentry: eng/amoeba__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amoeba
trans_list: ameba | pełzak
sense:
(biology) A member of the genus Amoeba of unicellular protozoa that moves by means of temporary projections called pseudopodia.


lexentry: eng/amoebiasis__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: amoebiasis
trans_list: amebiaza | ameboza | pełzakowica
sense:
(medicine) An infectious disease caused by the parasitic protozoan Entamoeba histolytica; amoebic dysentery.


lexentry: eng/amortization__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: amortization
trans_list: amortyzacja
sense:
The distribution of the cost of an intangible asset, such as an intellectual property right, over the projected useful life of the asset.


lexentry: eng/amount__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amount
trans_list: kwota | ilość | liczba | suma
sense:
The total, aggregate or sum of material (not applicable to discrete numbers or units or items in standard English).


lexentry: eng/amount_of_substance__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amount of substance
trans_list: liczność materii
sense:
(physical chemistry) The number of particles or formula units (depending on type) present of some substance in some sample; SI unit: mole.


lexentry: eng/ampelography__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ampelography
trans_list: ampelografia
sense:
(botany, oenology) The discipline within botany concerned with the taxonomy of cultivars in the grapevine genus, Vitis.


lexentry: eng/ampere-hour__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ampere-hour
trans_list: amperogodzina
sense:
(physics) a unit of electric charge, equal to the charge transferred by a current of one ampere in one hour through a specified point in a circuit, equal to 3600 coulombs.


lexentry: eng/ampere__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ampere
trans_list: amper
sense:
A unit of electrical current, the standard base unit in the International System of Units; colloquially amp. Abbreviation: amp, Symbol: A


lexentry: eng/amperometry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amperometry
trans_list: amperometria
sense:
(physical chemistry) An analytical technique that involves the continuous measurement of electric current during a reaction or titration


lexentry: eng/amphibian__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amphibian
trans_list: płaz | amfibia
sense:
An animal of the Amphibia; any four-legged vertebrate that does not have amniotic eggs, living both on land and in water.


lexentry: eng/amphibole__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amphibole
trans_list: amfibol
sense:
(mineral) Any of a large group of structurally similar hydrated double silicate minerals, containing various combinations of sodium, calcium, magnesium, iron, and aluminium.


lexentry: eng/amphibrach__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: amphibrach
trans_list: amfibrach
sense:
(prosody) A metrical foot in modern prosody, consisting of three syllables, the middle one of which is stressed (e.g. Jamaica).


lexentry: eng/amphibrachic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amphibrachic
trans_list: amfibrachiczny
sense:
Consisting of amphibrachs, metrical feet consisting of either a long syllable between two that are short, or an accented syllable between two that are not accented.


lexentry: eng/amphictyony__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amphictyony
trans_list: amfiktionia
sense:
A religious foundation or co-operative shared between Greek city states during the classical period, typically to support the temple or cult of a deity shared by the city states. Also used academically to refer to similar arrangements in non-Greek cultures.


lexentry: eng/amphimacer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amphimacer
trans_list: amfimacer | amfimakr
sense:
A metrical foot consisting of an unaccented or light syllable between two accented or heavy syllables; a cretic.


lexentry: eng/amphiprotic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amphiprotic
trans_list: amfoteryczny
sense:
(chemistry) Able to both donate and accept a proton, and thus able to react both as an acid and a base; amphoteric.


lexentry: eng/amphisbaena__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amphisbaena
trans_list: amfisbaena
sense:
(mythological creature) A mythical serpent having a head at each end of its body, able to move in either direction.


lexentry: eng/amphitheatre__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amphitheatre
trans_list: amfiteatr
sense:
An open, outdoor theatre (which may be a theatre in the round, or have a stage with seating on only one side), especially one from the classical period of ancient Greece or Rome, or a modern venue of similar design.


lexentry: eng/amphora__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amphora
trans_list: amfora
sense:
(chiefly, _, historical) A large vessel, especially a thin-necked clay vat used in ancient Greece and Rome for storing and transporting wine and oil.


lexentry: eng/amphoric__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: amphoric
trans_list: amforyczny
sense:
(medicine) Produced by or indicating a hollow cavity in the lungs, giving a sound like that produced by blowing into an empty decanter.


lexentry: eng/amphoteric__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amphoteric
trans_list: amfoteryczny
sense:
(chemistry) Having the characteristics of both an acid and a base, and capable of reacting as either; amphiprotic. [from 1832]


lexentry: eng/amplification__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: amplification
trans_list: amplifikacja
sense:
(organic chemistry) A procedure used in the nomenclature of complex organic compounds in which the superatoms of a basic structure (a phane) are replaced by cyclic structures (amplificants).


lexentry: eng/amplification__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: amplification
trans_list: amplifikacja
sense:
(translation studies) A translation technique that involves adding content that is not present in the source text to the target text, usually to improve the fluency of the translation.


lexentry: eng/amplifier__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: amplifier
trans_list: amplifikator | wzmacniacz
sense:
(electronics) An appliance or circuit that increases the strength of a weak electrical signal without changing the other characteristics of the signal.


lexentry: eng/amplify__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: amplify
trans_list: amplifikować
sense:
(transitive, rhetorical) To enlarge by addition or commenting; to treat copiously by adding particulars, illustrations, etc.; to expand.


lexentry: eng/amplitude__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: amplitude
trans_list: amplituda
sense:
(mathematics) The maximum absolute value of the vertical component of a curve or function, especially one that is periodic.


lexentry: eng/amplitude_modulation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amplitude modulation
trans_list: modulacja amplitudy | modulacja amplitudowa
sense:
(radio) A method of sending information by modifying (modulating) the intensity (amplitude) of a carrier wave.


lexentry: eng/amulet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amulet
trans_list: amulet
sense:
A kind of protective charm or ornament, often bearing magical symbols, worn for protection against ill will, negative influences, or evil spirits.


lexentry: eng/amuse__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amuse
trans_list: bawić | zabawiać | rozbawić | rozerwać
sense:
(transitive) To entertain or occupy (someone or something) in a pleasant manner; to stir (someone) with pleasing emotions.


lexentry: eng/amygdala__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amygdala
trans_list: ciało migdałowate
sense:
(neuroanatomy) Each one of the two regions of the brain, located as a pair in the medial temporal lobe, believed to play a key role in processing emotions, such as fear and pleasure, in both animals and humans.


lexentry: eng/amygdalin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amygdalin
trans_list: amigdalina
sense:
(biochemistry) A glycoside of benzaldehyde and hydrogen cyanide found in bitter almonds, and in the kernels of some other fruit.


lexentry: eng/amylase__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amylase
trans_list: amylaza | diastaza
sense:
(enzyme) Any of a class of digestive enzymes, present in saliva and also contributed to the gut by the exocrine pancreas, that break down complex carbohydrates such as starch into simpler sugars such as glucose.


lexentry: eng/amyloidosis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amyloidosis
trans_list: amyloidoza | skrobiawica
sense:
(medicine) Any of a group of disorders in which the fibrous protein amyloid is deposited in an organ of the body.


lexentry: eng/amyloplast__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amyloplast
trans_list: amyloplast
sense:
(biology) A specialized leucoplast responsible for the storage of amylopectin through the polymerization of glucose.


lexentry: eng/amylose__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amylose
trans_list: amyloza
sense:
(carbohydrate) The soluble form of starch (the insoluble form being amylopectin) that is a linear polymer of glucose.


lexentry: eng/amyotrophic_lateral_sclerosis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
trans_list: stwardnienie zanikowe boczne
sense:
(neurology, pathology) A chronic, progressive disease characterized by degeneration of the central nervous system and the loss of voluntary muscle control.


lexentry: eng/an_arm_and_a_leg__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: an arm and a leg
trans_list: kosztować majątek
sense:
(idiomatic, hyperbole) Usually used after the verb cost, but also often charge, pay, and spend: a very high price for an item or service; an exorbitant price


lexentry: eng/an_eye_for_an_eye,_a_tooth_for_a_tooth__Proverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth
trans_list: oko za oko, ząb za ząb
sense:
(idiomatic) compensation for injury caused by a person, in the form of inflicting of an identical injury on that person.


lexentry: eng/anabasine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anabasine
trans_list: anabazyna
sense:
A pyridine alkaloid similar to nicotine, found in Nicotiana glauca (tree tobacco), a close relative of the common tobacco plant, formerly used as an insecticide.


lexentry: eng/anabiosis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anabiosis
trans_list: anabioza
sense:
(biology) A state of suspended animation, especially during extreme drought; the act of recovering from this state.


lexentry: eng/anachronism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anachronism
trans_list: anachronizm | anachroniczność
sense:
A chronological mistake; the erroneous dating of an event, circumstance, or object. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]


lexentry: eng/anachronism__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: anachronism
trans_list: anachronizm | anachroniczność
sense:
A person or thing which seems to belong to a different time or period of time. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]


lexentry: eng/anachronistic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anachronistic
trans_list: anachroniczny
sense:
Erroneous in date; containing an anachronism; in a wrong time; not applicable to or not appropriate for the time.


lexentry: eng/anachronistic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: anachronistic
trans_list: anachroniczny
sense:
(of a person) Having opinions from the past; preferring things or values of the past; behind the times; overly conservative.


lexentry: eng/anaconda__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anaconda
trans_list: anakonda
sense:
Any of various large nonvenomous snakes of the genus Eunectes, found mainly in northern South America. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]


lexentry: eng/anacreontic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anacreontic
trans_list: anakreontyczny
sense:
(prosody) Pertaining to the style of the Greek poet Anacreon, who wrote of wine and love; (specifically) designating a metre based on an anaclastic ionic dimeter. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/anadiplosis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anadiplosis
trans_list: anadiploza
sense:
(figure of speech) A figure of speech in which a word or phrase used at the end of a clause or expression is repeated near the beginning of the next clause or expression.


lexentry: eng/anaerobically__Adverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anaerobically
trans_list: beztlenowo
sense:
In an anaerobic manner; in a way that does not require oxygen. Generally used of metabolic processes.


lexentry: eng/anagenesis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anagenesis
trans_list: anageneza
sense:
The evolution of a new species by the large scale change in gene frequency so that the new species replaces the old rather than branching to produce an additional species.


lexentry: eng/anaglyph__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: anaglyph
trans_list: anaglif
sense:
A matched pair of images designed to produce a three-dimensional effect when viewed using spectacles that have usually one red and one bluish-green lens, corresponding to the colors of the pairs of images.


lexentry: eng/anagnorisis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anagnorisis
trans_list: anagnoryzm
sense:
The moment in the plot of a drama in which the hero makes a discovery that explains previously unexplained events or situations; a denouement.


lexentry: eng/anal-retentive__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anal-retentive
trans_list: cywilne
sense:
(psychology, Freudian) Preoccupied with achieving perfection, order and control and with collecting, possessing, and retaining objects.


lexentry: eng/anal__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: anal
trans_list: analny | odbytowy
sense:
(psychoanalysis) Of the stage in psychosexual development when the child's interest is alleged to be concentrated on the anal region. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]


lexentry: eng/anal__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: anal
trans_list: pedantyczny
sense:
(psychology) Of a person, compulsive and stubborn, obsessed with neatness and accuracy, supposedly from not having progressed beyond the anal stage. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]


lexentry: eng/anal_sex__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anal sex
trans_list: seks analny | anal | branie do dupy | branie w dupę
sense:
A sexual activity involving stimulation of a sexual partner's anus or rectum, especially by penetration with a penis or object.


lexentry: eng/analcime__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: analcime
trans_list: analcym
sense:
(mineral) A sodium aluminosilicate with a chemical formula NaAlSi2O6·H2O, having a zeolite structure, found in alkaline basalts.


lexentry: eng/analgesic__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: analgesic
trans_list: analgetyk | lek przeciwbólowy
sense:
(pharmacology) Any medicine, such as aspirin, that reduces pain, especially without inducing a loss of other sensation. (Contrast anesthetic.)


lexentry: eng/analog-to-digital_converter__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: analog-to-digital converter
trans_list: przetwornik analogowo-cyfrowy
sense:
(electronics) A device that converts an infinite resolution analog signal to a finite resolution digital signal.


lexentry: eng/analog__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: analog
trans_list: analogowy
sense:
(of a device or system) In which the value of a data item (such as time) is represented by a continuous(ly) variable physical quantity that can be measured (such as the shadow of a sundial).


lexentry: eng/analog__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: analog
trans_list: analog
sense:
(chemistry) A structural derivative of a parent compound that differs from it by only one or a few atoms or substituent groups; (usually, especially) such a molecule that retains most of the same chemical properties.


lexentry: eng/analogous__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: analogous
trans_list: analogiczny
sense:
Having analogy, the status of an analogue; corresponding to something else; bearing some resemblance or similar proportion (often followed by "to".)


lexentry: eng/analogy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: analogy
trans_list: analogia
sense:
A relationship of resemblance or equivalence between two situations, people, or objects, especially when used as a basis for explanation or extrapolation.


lexentry: eng/analphabet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: analphabet
trans_list: analfabeta | analfabetka
sense:
A person who does not know the letters of the alphabet; a partly or wholly illiterate person. [from mid 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/analysis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: analysis
trans_list: analiza
sense:
(countable) Decomposition into components in order to study (a complex thing, concept, theory etc.).


lexentry: eng/analysis__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: analysis
trans_list: analiza
sense:
(uncountable, mathematics) A broad field of study in modern mathematics (often mentioned alongside algebra) which developed out of the calculus, concerned with the behavior of functions, sequences, series, limits, metric spaces, measures and more.


lexentry: eng/analysis__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: analysis
trans_list: analiza
sense:
(countable, analytical chemistry, physical chemistry) The process of breaking down a substance into its constituent parts, or the result of this process.


lexentry: eng/analytic_geometry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: analytic geometry
trans_list: geometria analityczna
sense:
(geometry) The subbranch of geometry that investigates geometrical figures via the mathematical properties of their representations in a coordinate system.


lexentry: eng/analyze__Verb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: analyze
trans_list: analizować | przeanalizować | zanalizować
sense:
(transitive) To examine in such a manner as to ascertain the elements or nature of the thing examined; as, to analyze a fossil substance, to analyze a sentence or a word, or to analyze an action to ascertain its morality.


lexentry: eng/anamorphosis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anamorphosis
trans_list: anamorfoza
sense:
A distorted image of an object that may be viewed correctly from a specific angle or with a specific mirror.


lexentry: eng/anapest__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: anapest
trans_list: anapest | antydaktyl
sense:
(prosody) In quantitative meter, a metrical foot consisting of three syllables, two short, then one long.


lexentry: eng/anaphase__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anaphase
trans_list: anafaza
sense:
(cytology) The stage of mitosis and meiosis during which the chromosomes separate; the chromatid moving to opposite poles of the cell.


lexentry: eng/anaphora__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anaphora
trans_list: anafora
sense:
(figure of speech) The repetition of a phrase at the beginning of phrases, sentences, or verses, used for emphasis.


lexentry: eng/anaphora__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: anaphora
trans_list: anafora
sense:
(Christianity) The most solemn part of the Divine Liturgy or the Mass during which the offerings of bread and wine are consecrated as body and blood of Christ.


lexentry: eng/anaphylactic_shock__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anaphylactic shock
trans_list: wstrząs anafilaktyczny
sense:
A severe and rapid systemic allergic reaction to an allergen, constricting the trachea and causing generalized vasodilation.


lexentry: eng/anarchism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anarchism
trans_list: anarchizm
sense:
A political and philosophical belief that all forms of involuntary rule or government are undesirable, unnecessary, or unethical, and as such that society would function without a state.


lexentry: eng/anarchist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anarchist
trans_list: anarchista | anarchistka
sense:
One who believes in or advocates the absence of hierarchy and authority in most forms (compare anarchism), especially one who works toward the realization of such.


lexentry: eng/anarcho-capitalism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anarcho-capitalism
trans_list: anarchokapitalizm
sense:
(politics, economics) A political and economic philosophy that advocates the elimination of the state and other coercive institutions in favour of individual self-ownership and free market.


lexentry: eng/anarcho-communism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anarcho-communism
trans_list: anarchokomunizm
sense:
(politics, economics) A form of anarchism advocating the abolition of the state and capitalism in favor of a horizontal network of voluntary associations through which people would satisfy their needs.


lexentry: eng/anarcho-syndicalism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anarcho-syndicalism
trans_list: anarchosyndykalizm
sense:
A branch or field of anarchism that focuses on the abolition of capitalism through the organization of revolutionary worker syndicates.


lexentry: eng/anarthria__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anarthria
trans_list: anartria
sense:
(neurology, neuropsychology) A speech impairment in which the ability to articulate is lost completely.


lexentry: eng/anastatic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: anastatic
trans_list: anastatyczny
sense:
(printing, historical) Of or relating to a printing process in which copies of drawings are printed from facsimiles produced in relief on zinc plates.


lexentry: eng/anastomosis__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: anastomosis
trans_list: anastomoza
sense:
(surgery) The surgical creation of a connecting passage between blood vessels, bowels or other channels.


lexentry: eng/anastylosis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anastylosis
trans_list: anastyloza
sense:
(archaeology) The reassembly of ruined monuments or other artifacts from remaining fragments in an archeologically responsible way (with use of modern materials when needed).


lexentry: eng/anathema__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anathema
trans_list: anatema
sense:
(ecclesiastical, historical) A ban or curse pronounced with religious solemnity by ecclesiastical authority, often accompanied by excommunication; something denounced as accursed. [from early 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/anatomical_snuffbox__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anatomical snuffbox
trans_list: tabakierka anatomiczna
sense:
(anatomy) A triangular deepening on the radial, dorsal aspect of the hand, bounded by extensor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis.


lexentry: eng/anatomy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anatomy
trans_list: anatomia
sense:
The art of studying the different parts of any organized body, to discover their situation, structure, and economy.


lexentry: eng/ancestor__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ancestor
trans_list: przodek | antenat | antenatka | wstępny
sense:
One from whom a person is descended, whether on the father's or mother's side, at any distance of time; a progenitor; a forefather.


lexentry: eng/anchor__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: anchor
trans_list: kotwica
sense:
Any instrument serving a purpose like that of a ship's anchor, such as an arrangement of timber to hold a dam fast; a device to hold the end of a bridge cable etc.; or a device used in metalworking to hold the core of a mould in place.


lexentry: eng/anchorman__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anchorman
trans_list: gospodarz | prezenter | prowadzący
sense:
(television, radio) The main host of a television or radio program, particularly one relating to the broadcast of news.


lexentry: eng/anchovy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anchovy
trans_list: sardela | anchois
sense:
Any small saltwater fish of the Engraulidae family, consisting of 160 species in 16 genera, of which the genus Engraulis is widely sold as food.


lexentry: eng/ancient__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: ancient
trans_list: pradawny
sense:
Existent or occurring in time long past, usually in remote ages; belonging to or associated with antiquity; old, as opposed to modern.


lexentry: eng/ancient_history__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ancient history
trans_list: historia starożytna
sense:
A period of history generally seen as occurring before the Middle Ages, that is, before the fall of the Roman Empire. Includes Ancient Egypt, Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome.


lexentry: eng/ancient_monument__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ancient monument
trans_list: zabytek
sense:
an old or ancient building or other structure, or a site of historical interest that is usually looked after by an official organization.


lexentry: eng/and!slash!or__Conjunction__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: and/or
trans_list: i/lub
sense:
Joins two alternatives to mean either or both; indicates that inclusive or is meant where or alone might be taken to mean exclusive or.


lexentry: eng/and__Conjunction__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: and
trans_list: i | a
sense:
(now, colloquial, or, literary) Used to connect more than two elements together in a chain, sometimes to stress the number of elements.


lexentry: eng/and__Conjunction__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: and
trans_list: i | a | oraz | tudzież
sense:
Used to connect certain numbers: connecting units when they precede tens (not dated); connecting tens and units to hundreds, thousands etc. (now often omitted in US); to connect fractions to wholes. [from 10th c.]


lexentry: eng/and_then_some__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: and then some
trans_list: a nawet więcej
sense:
(idiomatic, colloquial) Used to confirm preceding utterance, while implying that what was said or asked is an understatement.


lexentry: eng/andalusite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: andalusite
trans_list: andaluzyt
sense:
(mineral) An aluminium nesosilicate mineral, Al2SiO5, which can be cut into a gem and displays strong pleochroism, shifting between red, green, and yellow.


lexentry: eng/andesine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: andesine
trans_list: andezyn
sense:
(mineral) Sodium calcium aluminum silicate, (Na_xCa_xAlSi_3O_8), a plagioclase feldspar, the third member of the albite-anorthite solid solution series. Found in fine-grained andesite lavas; crystals are rarely seen.


lexentry: eng/andesite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: andesite
trans_list: andezyt
sense:
(geology) Any of a class of fine-grained intermediate igneous rock, of volcanic origin, containing mostly plagioclase feldspar.


lexentry: eng/andiron__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: andiron
trans_list: kozioł
sense:
(usually, in plural) A utensil for supporting wood when burning in a fireplace, one being placed on each side


lexentry: eng/androcentrism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: androcentrism
trans_list: androcentryzm
sense:
An ideological focus on males and men, and issues affecting them, possibly to the detriment of non-males.


lexentry: eng/androgen__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: androgen
trans_list: androgen
sense:
(steroid hormone) Any natural or synthetic compound, usually a steroid hormone, that stimulates or controls the development and maintenance of masculine characteristics in vertebrates. A male sex hormone such as testosterone or anabolic steroids.


lexentry: eng/andrology__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: andrology
trans_list: andrologia
sense:
(medicine) The branch of medicine concerned with male diseases, especially those affecting the male reproductive system.


lexentry: eng/andropause__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: andropause
trans_list: andropauza | męskie klimakterium
sense:
(medicine, endocrinology) The male equivalent of the menopause in women; characterized by a decline in libido and overall energy.


lexentry: eng/androsterone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: androsterone
trans_list: androsteron
sense:
(steroid hormone) An androgenic hormone, excreted in the urine, somewhat less active than testosterone.


lexentry: eng/anecdote__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: anecdote
trans_list: anegdota
sense:
An account which supports an argument, but which is not supported by scientific or statistical analysis.


lexentry: eng/anemia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anemia
trans_list: anemia | niedokrwistość
sense:
(American spelling, uncountable, pathology) A medical condition in which the capacity of the blood to transport oxygen to the tissues is reduced, either because of too few red blood cells, or because of too little hemoglobin, resulting in pallor and fatigue.


lexentry: eng/anemoscope__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anemoscope
trans_list: anemoskop | wiatrowskaz
sense:
An instrument that shows the direction of the wind; a wind vane; a weathercock; usually applied to a contrivance consisting of a vane above, connected in the building with a dial or index with pointers to show the changes of the wind.


lexentry: eng/anencephaly__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anencephaly
trans_list: anencefalia | bezmózgowie
sense:
A lethal birth defect in which most of the brain and parts of the skull are missing; absence of the encephalon.


lexentry: eng/aneroid_barometer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aneroid barometer
trans_list: aneroid
sense:
A barometer in which variations in pressure are measured using a partially evacuated capsule whose sides move in and out.


lexentry: eng/anesthesia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anesthesia
trans_list: znieczulenie | anestezja
sense:
(medicine, American spelling, Canadian spelling) An artificial method of preventing sensation, used to eliminate pain without causing loss of vital functions, by the administration of one or more agents which block pain impulses before transmitted to the brain.


lexentry: eng/anesthesiologist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anesthesiologist
trans_list: anestetysta | anestezjolog
sense:
(American spelling, Canadian spelling) A physician who specializes in anesthesiology and administers anesthesia.


lexentry: eng/anesthetic__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anesthetic
trans_list: anestetyk | narkoza | znieczulenie
sense:
(American spelling, medicine) A substance administered to reduce the perception of pain or to induce numbness for surgery and may render the recipient unconscious.


lexentry: eng/anesthetize__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anesthetize
trans_list: znieczulać
sense:
(transitive) To administer anesthesia to: to render unfeeling or unconscious through the use of narcotic substances, usually either alcohol or pharmaceutical drugs.


lexentry: eng/aneuploidy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aneuploidy
trans_list: aneuploidia
sense:
(genetics) The condition of being aneuploid; the state of possessing a chromosome number that is not an exact multiple of the haploid number of the organism in question.


lexentry: eng/aneurysm__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aneurysm
trans_list: tętniak | aneuryzma | anewryzm
sense:
(pathology) An abnormal blood-filled swelling of an artery or vein, resulting from a localized weakness in the wall of the vessel.


lexentry: eng/angel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: angel
trans_list: anioł
sense:
An incorporeal and sometimes divine messenger from a deity, or other divine entity, often depicted in art as a youthful winged figure in flowing robes.


lexentry: eng/angel_investor__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: angel investor
trans_list: anioł biznesu
sense:
(business) An investor to a start-up, especially one who invests very early or during the company's initial forming, often with a slim chance of a return on investment.


lexentry: eng/angel_shark__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: angel shark
trans_list: anioł morski | raszpla
sense:
A member of the unusual genus Squatina of sharks with flattened bodies and broad pectoral fins resembling skates or rays. There are approximately 16 known species, which are the only members of their taxonomic genus, family and order. They occur worldwide in temperate and tropical seas.


lexentry: eng/angelic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: angelic
trans_list: anielski | angeliczny
sense:
Belonging to, or proceeding from, angels; resembling, characteristic of, or partaking of the nature of, an angel.


lexentry: eng/angelica__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: angelica
trans_list: dzięgiel
sense:
A tall plant, with hollow stems, genus Angelica, especially garden angelica (Angelica archangelica).


lexentry: eng/angelology__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: angelology
trans_list: angelologia | angeologia
sense:
The study of angels. Angels have been grouped into nine categories or “choirs,” from lowest to highest: angel, virtue, archangel, power, principality, dominion, throne, cherub, and seraph.


lexentry: eng/anger__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anger
trans_list: gniew | złość | wkurw
sense:
A strong feeling of displeasure, hostility, or antagonism towards someone or something, usually combined with an urge to harm, often stemming from perceived provocation, hurt, or threat.


lexentry: eng/angiocardiography__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: angiocardiography
trans_list: angiokardiografia
sense:
(medicine) A technique for radiographic examination of the heart chambers and thoracic vessels wherein a liquid radiocontrast agent is injected into the bloodstream, then the tissues are examined using X-rays.


lexentry: eng/angioedema__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: angioedema
trans_list: obrzęk naczynioruchowy
sense:
(pathology) Swelling of the lower layers of the skin, often around the mouth, or of the mucosa or submucosa of the mouth or throat which can appear quickly in response to an allergen or due to other conditions


lexentry: eng/angiography__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: angiography
trans_list: angiografia | arteriografia
sense:
(medicine) A medical imaging technique in which an X-ray image is taken to visualize the inside of blood vessels and organs of the body, with particular interest in the arteries, veins and the heart chambers.


lexentry: eng/angioplasty__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: angioplasty
trans_list: angioplastyka | balonikowanie
sense:
(surgery) The mechanical widening of a narrowed or totally obstructed blood vessel generally caused by atheroma.


lexentry: eng/angiosperm__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: angiosperm
trans_list: nagonasienny
sense:
(botany) Any plant of the clade Angiosperms, characterized by having ovules enclosed in an ovary; a flowering plant.


lexentry: eng/angiotensin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: angiotensin
trans_list: angiotensyna
sense:
(hormone) Any of several polypeptides that narrow blood vessels and thus regulate arterial pressure.


lexentry: eng/angle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: angle
trans_list: kąt
sense:
(geometry) A figure formed by two rays which start from a common point (a plane angle) or by three planes that intersect (a solid angle).


lexentry: eng/angle__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: angle
trans_list: kąt | miara kąta
sense:
(geometry) The measure of such a figure. In the case of a plane angle, this is the ratio (or proportional to the ratio) of the arc length to the radius of a section of a circle cut by the two rays, centered at their common point. In the case of a solid angle, this is the ratio of the surface area to the square of the radius of the section of a sphere.


lexentry: eng/angle_grinder__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: angle grinder
trans_list: szlifierka kątowa | diaks
sense:
A usually hand-held grinder which uses a pair of internal gears to place the rotational axis of the grinding or cutting wheel perpendicular to that of the driving motor.


lexentry: eng/angle_of_attack__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: angle of attack
trans_list: kąt natarcia
sense:
(aeronautics) The angle between the chord line of an airfoil and the airflow over it; one of the determiners of the amount of lift produced by an airfoil.


lexentry: eng/anglerfish__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anglerfish
trans_list: diabeł morski | żabnica
sense:
Any fish of the bony fish order Lophiiformes, which have an outgrowth they wiggle to lure and catch their prey.


lexentry: eng/anglicism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anglicism
trans_list: anglicyzm
sense:
An Englishism: a word or other feature originating in the English language that has been borrowed by another language.


lexentry: eng/angora__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: angora
trans_list: królik angorski
sense:
A rabbit belonging to the Angora rabbit breed, one of the oldest domestic breeds of rabbits in the world, raised chiefly in Europe for its silky and long hair (a subspecies of the European rabbit, Oryctolagus cuniculus).


lexentry: eng/angostura__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: angostura
trans_list: angostura
sense:
A South American tree, with bark used in tradition medicine and as an ingredient in various bitters (but not Angostura bitters), Angostura trifoliata.


lexentry: eng/angst__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: angst
trans_list: lęk
sense:
A feeling of acute but vague anxiety or apprehension often accompanied by depression, especially philosophical anxiety.


lexentry: eng/angstrom__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: angstrom
trans_list: angstrem
sense:
(physics, metrology) A unit of length equal to 10−10 meters (that is, one ten-billionth of a meter), approximately the size of an atom, and denoted by the symbol Å, used especially to measure the wavelength of electromagnetic radiation or distances between atoms.


lexentry: eng/angular_velocity__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: angular velocity
trans_list: prędkość kątowa
sense:
(mathematics, physics) The angle turned, per unit time, by a body rotating about an axis; the rate of rotation through an angle.


lexentry: eng/angélique__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: angélique
trans_list: anielski
sense:
A plucked bowl lute with two necks and most often sixteen strings, played in the manner of a harp, and popular in Baroque Europe.


lexentry: eng/anhedonia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anhedonia
trans_list: anhedonia
sense:
(symptom, psychiatry) The inability to feel pleasure from activities usually found enjoyable, such as exercise, hobbies, music, sexual activities or social interactions.


lexentry: eng/anhydride__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anhydride
trans_list: bezwodnik
sense:
(chemistry) Any compound formally derived from another (or from others) by the loss of a water molecule, especially acid anhydrides.


lexentry: eng/aniline__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aniline
trans_list: anilina | aminobenzen
sense:
(organic compound) The simplest aromatic amine, C6H5NH2, synthesized by the reduction of nitrobenzene; it is a colourless oily basic poisonous liquid used in the manufacture of dyes and pharmaceuticals.


lexentry: eng/animal__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: animal
trans_list: zwierzę
sense:
(science) Any eukaryote of the clade Animalia; a multicellular organism that is usually mobile, whose cells are not encased in a rigid cell wall (distinguishing it from plants and fungi) and which derives energy solely from the consumption of other organisms (distinguishing it from plants).


lexentry: eng/animal_feed__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: animal feed
trans_list: przydział
sense:
Material, of an animal or most often vegetable origin, prepared (especially industrially) as feed for domestic or farm animals.


lexentry: eng/animal_husbandry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: animal husbandry
trans_list: chów
sense:
The management and care of farm animals by humans for profit, in which genetic qualities and behaviour, considered to be advantageous to humans, are further developed.


lexentry: eng/animal_rights__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: animal rights
trans_list: prawa zwierząt
sense:
Certain fundamental rights that animals are entitled to, such as the right to be spared undue suffering.


lexentry: eng/animated_cartoon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: animated cartoon
trans_list: film rysunkowy | animacja | film animowany
sense:
Any of several types of film / movie, the frames of which are drawn by hand in order to give a sense of movement when projected in rapid sequence.


lexentry: eng/animation__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: animation
trans_list: animacja
sense:
(animation, in the sense of a cartoon) A sequence of still drawings or inanimate objects displayed in rapid succession to create the illusion of movement in motion pictures or computer graphics; the object (film, computer game, etc.) produced


lexentry: eng/anime__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anime
trans_list: anime
sense:
(uncountable) An artistic style originating in, and associated with, Japanese animation, and that has also been adopted by a comparatively low number of animated works from other countries.


lexentry: eng/anise__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anise
trans_list: anyż | anise
sense:
An umbelliferous plant (Pimpinella anisum) growing naturally in Egypt, and cultivated in Spain, Malta, etc., for its carminative and aromatic seeds, which are used as a spice. It has a licorice scent.


lexentry: eng/aniseed__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aniseed
trans_list: anyż | anyżek
sense:
(countable, and, uncountable) The seed-like fruit of the anise, used in baking and in the flavouring of liqueurs such as ouzo.


lexentry: eng/anisotropic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anisotropic
trans_list: anizotropowy
sense:
(physics, mathematics) Having properties that differ according to the direction of measurement; exhibiting anisotropy.


lexentry: eng/ankerite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ankerite
trans_list: ankeryt
sense:
(mineral) Any of a group of mixed carbonate minerals, principally of calcium with iron, magnesium and manganese.


lexentry: eng/ankh__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ankh
trans_list: anch | ankh
sense:
A cross shaped like a T with a loop at the top, the Egyptian hieroglyph representing the Egyptian triliteral ꜥnḫ and often used as an amulet or charm for this concept.


lexentry: eng/ankle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ankle
trans_list: kostka
sense:
The skeletal joint which connects the foot with the leg; the uppermost portion of the foot and lowermost portion of the leg, which contain this skeletal joint.


lexentry: eng/anklebone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anklebone
trans_list: kość skokowa
sense:
The bone of the ankle, forming the lower part of the ankle joint and joining with the tibia and fibula.


lexentry: eng/ankyloglossia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ankyloglossia
trans_list: łamaniec językowy
sense:
(medicine) A congenital oral anomaly in which the lingual frenulum is unusually short and thick, decreasing mobility of the tongue and affecting eating, speech, etc.


lexentry: eng/ankylosaurus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ankylosaurus
trans_list: ankylozaur
sense:
A large herbivorous dinosaur, of genus Ankylosaurus, that lived in the Cretaceous period, noted for its heavy armor and club-like tail.


lexentry: eng/anlaut__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anlaut
trans_list: nagłos
sense:
(linguistics) The first sound of a word (word-initial position) or syllable (syllable-initial position).


lexentry: eng/anneal__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anneal
trans_list: rozpalać
sense:
(metallurgy) To subject to great heat and then (often slow) cooling, and sometimes reheating and further cooling, for the purpose of rendering less brittle; to temper; to toughen.


lexentry: eng/annelid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: annelid
trans_list: pierścienica
sense:
Any of various wormlike animals, of the phylum Annelida, having a segmented body; they include the earthworm and the leech.


lexentry: eng/anniversary__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anniversary
trans_list: rocznica | aniwersarz
sense:
A day that is an exact number of years (to the day) since a given significant event occurred. Often preceded by an ordinal number indicating the number of years.


lexentry: eng/annoy__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: annoy
trans_list: irytować
sense:
(transitive) To disturb or irritate, especially by continued or repeated acts; to bother with unpleasant deeds.


lexentry: eng/annual__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: annual
trans_list: roczny | coroczny | doroczny | jednoroczny
sense:
Of, for, or relating to a whole year, often as a recurring cycle; determined or reckoned by the year; accumulating in the course of a year; performed, executed, or completed over the course of a year. See also circannual.


lexentry: eng/annual__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: annual
trans_list: rocznik
sense:
An annual publication; a book, periodical, journal, report, comic book, yearbook, etc., which is published serially once a year, which may or may not be in addition to regular weekly or monthly publication.


lexentry: eng/annual_leave__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: annual leave
trans_list: urlop
sense:
(workplace) Amount of time expressed as the number of days per year that an employee is entitled to be away from work.


lexentry: eng/annuity__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: annuity
trans_list: emerytura
sense:
(insurance, pensions) A right to receive amounts of money regularly over a certain fixed period, in perpetuity, or, especially, over the remaining life or lives of one or more beneficiaries.


lexentry: eng/annular_eclipse__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: annular eclipse
trans_list: zaćmienie obrączkowe
sense:
(astronomy) a solar eclipse in which the thin outer disk of the sun can be seen as a ring around the moon


lexentry: eng/annulus__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: annulus
trans_list: pierścień kołowy
sense:
(botany) A structure surrounding a sporangium (or part of it) which shrinks and causes it to rupture for spore dispersal; specifically, in a fern: a structure around about two-thirds of the sporangium consisting of differentially thick-walled cells which dry and distort the sporangium; and in a moss: a complete ring of cells around the tip of the sporangium which dissolves to cause the tip to detach.


lexentry: eng/annulus__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: annulus
trans_list: pierścień kołowy
sense:
(topology) Any topological space homeomorphic to the region in a plane between two concentric circles of different radii.


lexentry: eng/anocracy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anocracy
trans_list: anokracja
sense:
(politics) A political system which is neither fully democratic nor fully autocratic, often being vulnerable to political instability.


lexentry: eng/anode__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anode
trans_list: anoda
sense:
(electricity) An electrode, of a cell or other electrically polarized device, through which a positive current of electricity flows inwards (and thus, electrons flow outwards). It can have either a positive or a negative voltage with respect to cathode of the same polarized device (depending on whether the device is a load or a source, respectively).


lexentry: eng/anodontia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anodontia
trans_list: anodoncja | bezzębie | bezzębność
sense:
(dentistry, teratology) The congenital absence of some or all primary or permanent teeth, caused by a rare genetic disorder.


lexentry: eng/anoint__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: anoint
trans_list: namaszczać
sense:
(transitive) To apply oil to or to pour oil upon, etc., as a sacred rite, especially for consecration.


lexentry: eng/anomaly__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: anomaly
trans_list: anomalia | nieprawidłowość
sense:
(science) Any event or measurement that is out of the ordinary regardless of whether it is exceptional or not.


lexentry: eng/anorthosite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anorthosite
trans_list: anortozyt
sense:
(rock) A phaneritic, intrusive igneous rock characterized by a predominance of plagioclase feldspar.


lexentry: eng/anoscopy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anoscopy
trans_list: anoskopia
sense:
(medicine) An examination using a small, rigid, tubular instrument called an anoscope which is inserted into the anal canal


lexentry: eng/another__Determiner__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: another
trans_list: kolejny | następny
sense:
One more further, in addition to the quantity by then; a second or additional one, similar in likeness or in effect.


lexentry: eng/anoxia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anoxia
trans_list: anoksja
sense:
(ecology, pathology) A condition in which a body tissue or an environment is severely or totally deprived of oxygen; severe hypoxia.


lexentry: eng/answer__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: answer
trans_list: odpowiedź
sense:
(legal) A document filed in response to a complaint, responding to each point raised in the complaint and raising counterpoints.


lexentry: eng/answer__Verb__1
sense_num: 09
written_rep: answer
trans_list: odpowiadać | odpowiedzieć
sense:
To be or act in conformity, or by way of accommodation, correspondence, relation, or proportion; to conform; to correspond; to suit; usually with to.


lexentry: eng/answer__Verb__1
sense_num: 14
written_rep: answer
trans_list: odpowiadać | odpowiedzieć
sense:
(obsolete) To be or act as an equivalent to, or as adequate or sufficient for; to serve for; to repay.


lexentry: eng/ant__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ant
trans_list: mrówka
sense:
Any of various insects in the family Formicidae in the order Hymenoptera, typically living in large colonies composed almost entirely of flightless females.


lexentry: eng/antacid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: antacid
trans_list: kwasoodporny
sense:
An agent that counteracts or neutralizes acidity, especially in the stomach. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]


lexentry: eng/antagonist__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: antagonist
trans_list: antagonista
sense:
(biochemistry) A chemical that binds to a receptor but does not produce a physiological response, blocking the action of agonist chemicals.


lexentry: eng/ante__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: ante
trans_list: stawka
sense:
(poker) In poker and other games, the contribution made by all players to the pot before dealing the cards.


lexentry: eng/anteater__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anteater
trans_list: mrówkojad
sense:
Any of several animals of South and Central America, in suborder Vermilingua, which are noted for eating ants and termites which they catch with their long sticky tongues.


lexentry: eng/antecedent__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: antecedent
trans_list: antecedens
sense:
(logic) The conditional part of a hypothetical proposition, i.e. p \rightarrow q, where p is the antecedent, and q is the consequent.


lexentry: eng/antediluvian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: antediluvian
trans_list: przedpotopowy
sense:
(biblical) Belonging or pertaining to, or existing in, the time prior to the great flood described in Genesis, or (by extension) to a great or destructive flood or deluge described in other mythologies.


lexentry: eng/antefix__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: antefix
trans_list: antefiks
sense:
(architecture) The vertical blocks which terminate the covering tiles of the roof of a Roman, Etruscan, or Greek temple.


lexentry: eng/antelope__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: antelope
trans_list: antylopa
sense:
Any of several African mammals of the family Bovidae distinguished by hollow horns, which, unlike deer, they do not shed.


lexentry: eng/antenna__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: antenna
trans_list: antena | czułek
sense:
An apparatus to receive or transmit electromagnetic waves and convert respectively to or from an electrical signal.


lexentry: eng/anterior_chamber__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anterior chamber
trans_list: komora przednia gałki ocznej
sense:
(anatomy, ophthalmology) A space inside the eye between the cornea and the iris, filled with aqueous humour.


lexentry: eng/anterograde_amnesia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anterograde amnesia
trans_list: amnezja następowa
sense:
(pathology) The inability to remember new information from the period beginning the amnesic episode.


lexentry: eng/antheridium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: antheridium
trans_list: plemnia
sense:
(botany, mycology) An organ producing male gametes called antherozoids, found in some algae, ferns, and bryophytes.


lexentry: eng/anthill__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anthill
trans_list: mrowisko
sense:
A cone-shaped structure built from sediment and other available materials by ants or white ants (termites), and beneath which the colony nests.


lexentry: eng/anthocyanin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anthocyanin
trans_list: antocyjan | antocyjanina
sense:
(botany, organic chemistry) Any of many water-soluble red to violet plant pigments related to the flavonoids (more noticeable in autumn after the chlorophyll decomposes)


lexentry: eng/anthodium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anthodium
trans_list: koszyczek
sense:
(botany) The inflorescence of a compound flower in which many florets are gathered into an involucrate head.


lexentry: eng/anthology__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anthology
trans_list: antologia
sense:
A collection of literary works, such as poems or short stories, especially a collection from various authors.


lexentry: eng/anthracene__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anthracene
trans_list: antracen
sense:
(organic compound) A tricyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (an acene containing three fused rings) obtained from coal tar; used in the manufacture of wood preservatives, insecticides and the dye alizarin; it is isomeric with phenanthrene.


lexentry: eng/anthrax__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anthrax
trans_list: wąglik | antraks
sense:
(pathology) An acute infectious disease of herbivores, especially sheep and cattle, caused by Bacillus anthracis.


lexentry: eng/anthropocentric__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anthropocentric
trans_list: antropocentryczny
sense:
Placing humans at the center of something, giving preference to humans above all other considerations.


lexentry: eng/anthropocentrism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anthropocentrism
trans_list: antropocentryzm
sense:
A viewpoint or theory that places human beings at the center of everything, giving preference to human beings above all other considerations.


lexentry: eng/anthropogeography__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anthropogeography
trans_list: antropogeografia
sense:
(anthropology) The study of the geographical distribution of humankind and the relationship between human beings and their environment


lexentry: eng/anthropography__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anthropography
trans_list: antropografia
sense:
The branch of anthropology that deals with the geographical distribution of the human race in its different divisions, as distinguished by physical character, language, institutions, and customs, in contradistinction to ethnography, which deals historically with the origin and filiation of races and nations.


lexentry: eng/anthropology__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anthropology
trans_list: antropologia
sense:
The scientific study of humans, systematically describing the ethnographic, linguistic, archaeological, and evolutionary dimensions of humanity using a holistic methodological framework.


lexentry: eng/anthropometry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anthropometry
trans_list: antropometria
sense:
The science of measuring the human body to ascertain the ranges and averages of dimensions of the human form, for various purposes including physical anthropology, epidemiology, the ergonomics of industrial design, and so on.


lexentry: eng/anthroposcopy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anthroposcopy
trans_list: antroposkopia
sense:
A form of anthropology based upon visual observation of the physical characteristics of the human body.


lexentry: eng/anthroposophy__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: anthroposophy
trans_list: antropozofia
sense:
A philosophy founded in the early 20th century by the esotericist Rudolf Steiner (also capitalized as Anthroposophy), postulating the existence of an objective, intellectually comprehensible spiritual world accessible to direct experience through inner development.


lexentry: eng/anthropozoonosis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anthropozoonosis
trans_list: antropozoonoza
sense:
(pathology) Any pathogen that is transmitted from animals to humans. Specifically, it refers to infections that primarily affect animals but can be naturally transmitted to humans.


lexentry: eng/anthurium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anthurium
trans_list: anturium
sense:
Any of several tropical American evergreen plants, of the genus Anthurium, grown for their ornamental leaves and spathes.


lexentry: eng/anti-Semitism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anti-Semitism
trans_list: antysemityzm
sense:
(narrower sense) Prejudice, discrimination, hostility or political or religious opposition directed against ethnic or religious Jews or against Judaism; antijudaism; judeophobia.


lexentry: eng/anti-gravity__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anti-gravity
trans_list: antygrawitacja
sense:
(science fiction) Any concept, system or device that would oppose or cancel out the force of gravity.


lexentry: eng/anti-story__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anti-story
trans_list: antypowieść
sense:
(literature) A work of fiction in which the author breaks in some way the conventional rules of storytelling, usually with some feature (for example, a lack of plot or characters, unusual punctuation, odd subject or presentation, etc.) that strongly challenges the reader's expectations.


lexentry: eng/antiatom__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: antiatom
trans_list: antyatom
sense:
(particle physics) An antiparticle composed of antiprotons, antineutrons, and positrons. An antimatter equivalent of the atom.


lexentry: eng/antibacchius__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: antibacchius
trans_list: antybakch
sense:
(poetry) A rare metrical foot consisting of two accented syllables followed by one unaccented syllable.


lexentry: eng/antibiosis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: antibiosis
trans_list: antybioza
sense:
(ecology) An association between organisms that is detrimental (harmful) to one or more of them; especially that due to a metabolic substance produced by one of them.


lexentry: eng/antibiotic__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: antibiotic
trans_list: antybiotyk
sense:
(pharmaceutical drug) Any substance that can destroy or inhibit the growth of bacteria and similar microorganisms, generally transported by the lymphatic system.


lexentry: eng/anticenter__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anticenter
trans_list: antycentrum
sense:
(astronomy) The point in the sky opposite to that of the centre of the galaxy (when viewed from Earth)


lexentry: eng/antichlor__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: antichlor
trans_list: antychlor
sense:
(chemistry) Any substance used to remove excess chlorine or hypochlorite from textiles etc after bleaching; typically sodium thiosulfate.


lexentry: eng/anticipation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anticipation
trans_list: oczekiwanie
sense:
The act of anticipating, taking up, placing, or considering something beforehand, or before the proper time in natural order.


lexentry: eng/anticipation__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: anticipation
trans_list: antycypacja
sense:
(music) A non-harmonic tone that is lower or higher than a note in the previous chord and a unison to a note in the next chord.


lexentry: eng/anticlimax__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anticlimax
trans_list: antygradacja | antyklimaks
sense:
(narratology) An unsatisfying resolution to a narrative, usually owing to a deus ex machina or similarly trivial resolution of the main conflict.


lexentry: eng/anticlimax__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anticlimax
trans_list: antygradacja | antyklimaks
sense:
(rhetoric) An abrupt descent (either deliberate or unintentional) from the dignity of the idea which the speaker or writer appeared to be aiming for.


lexentry: eng/anticlockwise__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anticlockwise
trans_list: lewoskrętny | przeciwny do ruchu wskazówek zegara
sense:
(UK, Ireland, Commonwealth, of movement) In a circular fashion so as to be moving to the left at the top of the circle and to the right at the bottom (when viewed from the front), in the opposite direction to the hands of an analog clock.


lexentry: eng/antidisestablishmentarianism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: antidisestablishmentarianism
trans_list: antydisestablishmentaryzm
sense:
A political philosophy opposed to the separation of a religious group (church) and a government (state), especially the belief held by those in 19th-century England opposed to separating the Anglican church from the civil government or to refer to separation of church and state. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/antienzyme__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: antienzyme
trans_list: antyenzym
sense:
Any substance, especially an antibody or another enzyme, that counteracts the effects of a specific enzyme


lexentry: eng/antiferroelectric__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: antiferroelectric
trans_list: antyferroelektryczny
sense:
(physics) Describing a state in which dipoles are arranged antiparallel to adjacent ones, resulting in a net zero polarization


lexentry: eng/antiferromagnetism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: antiferromagnetism
trans_list: antyferromagnetyzm
sense:
(physics) a phenomenon, similar to ferromagnetism, in which magnetic domains line up in a regular pattern, but with neighbouring electron spins pointing in opposite directions; materials showing this effect are either ferrimagnetic or diamagnetic, and become paramagnetic above the Neel temperature


lexentry: eng/antifragility__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: antifragility
trans_list: antydelikatność
sense:
The ability of a system to benefit and grow from a certain class of random events, errors, and volatility.


lexentry: eng/antihero__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: antihero
trans_list: antybohater | antybohaterka
sense:
(literature, RPG) A protagonist who proceeds in an unheroic manner, such as by criminal means, via cowardly actions, or for mercenary goals.


lexentry: eng/antihistamine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: antihistamine
trans_list: lek antyhistaminowy
sense:
(pharmaceutical drug) A drug or substance that counteracts the effects of a histamine. Commonly used to alleviate the symptoms of hay fever and other allergies.


lexentry: eng/antihydrogen__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: antihydrogen
trans_list: antywodór
sense:
(particle, uncountable) The antimatter equivalent of hydrogen, consisting of an antiproton and a positron (antielectron).


lexentry: eng/antiking__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: antiking
trans_list: antykról
sense:
(politics) One who declares himself king in opposition to a reigning monarch, especially in an electoral monarchy.


lexentry: eng/antiliterature__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: antiliterature
trans_list: antyliteratura
sense:
(literature) Written works that deliberately avoid the typical conventions of literature, such as antinovels, antiplays and antipoems.


lexentry: eng/antilogy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: antilogy
trans_list: antylogia | oksymoron
sense:
(rhetoric) A contradiction in related terms or ideas. Usually an inconsistency in syllogisms, of a person or group supposedly of one set of ideals.


lexentry: eng/antimetabole__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: antimetabole
trans_list: antymetabola | antymetalepsja | antymetateza
sense:
(rhetoric) The technique of repeating a phrase while reversing the order of certain elements or its grammatical structure, as a form of juxtaposition.


lexentry: eng/antimetabolite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: antimetabolite
trans_list: antymetabolit
sense:
(medicine) Any substance that competes with, or inhibits the normal metabolic process, often by acting as an analogue of an essential metabolite.


lexentry: eng/antimetathesis__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: antimetathesis
trans_list: antymetabola | antymetalepsja | antymetateza
sense:
The inversion of the parts of an antithesis, as in "A poem is a speaking picture; a picture, a mute poem" (Crabbe).


lexentry: eng/antimony__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: antimony
trans_list: antymon
sense:
A chemical element (symbol Sb, from Latin stibium) with an atomic number of 51: in its stable allotrope, a lustrous gray and very brittle metal.


lexentry: eng/antinatalism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: antinatalism
trans_list: antynatalizm
sense:
(philosophy) A family of philosophical views that are critical of reproduction and that consider coming into existence as evil or deem procreation as immoral.


lexentry: eng/antinaturalism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: antinaturalism
trans_list: antynaturalizm
sense:
(sociology) The view that the natural world and the social world are different, related to antipositivism.


lexentry: eng/anting__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anting
trans_list: mrówkowanie | kąpiel mrówkowa
sense:
(ornithology) The practice of some birds of rubbing live ants or occasionally other items into the feathers, possibly as a means of controlling parasites.


lexentry: eng/antinicotinic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: antinicotinic
trans_list: antynikotynowy
sense:
(pharmaceutical effect) That inhibits the actions of nicotine and nicotine-like agents on the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors


lexentry: eng/antinode__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: antinode
trans_list: brzuch
sense:
(physics) A region of maximum amplitude situated between adjacent nodes of a vibrating body, such as a string.


lexentry: eng/antinomianism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: antinomianism
trans_list: antynomizm
sense:
(Christianity) The belief or teaching that because only the spiritual "law of faith" (Romans 3:27) is essential for salvation, obedience to any practical or moral law has no role to play, even as a guide to conduct or as a test of the genuineness of faith.


lexentry: eng/antinomy__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: antinomy
trans_list: antynomia | sprzeczność
sense:
(specifically, epistemology, logic) In the thought of the German philosopher Immanuel Kant (1724–1804): an apparent contradiction between valid conclusions; a paradox.


lexentry: eng/antinuclear__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: antinuclear
trans_list: antynuklearny
sense:
Opposed to the production or use of nuclear weapons, or opposed to the generation of electricity from nuclear power.


lexentry: eng/antiparticle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: antiparticle
trans_list: antycząstka
sense:
(particle) A subatomic particle corresponding to another particle with the same mass, spin and mean lifetime but with charge, parity, strangeness and other quantum numbers flipped in sign; a particle that has a reversed world line to another.


lexentry: eng/antipasto__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: antipasto
trans_list: antypast
sense:
An Italian starter for a meal; normally a cold assortment of salami, cheese, seafood and vegetables.


lexentry: eng/antipathy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: antipathy
trans_list: antypatia
sense:
(uncountable) Often followed by against, between, for, or to: a (deep) feeling of dislike or repugnance, normally towards a person and less often towards a thing, often without any conscious reasoning; aversion, distaste, hostility; (countable) an instance of this.


lexentry: eng/antiperspirant__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: antiperspirant
trans_list: antyperspirant
sense:
(countable, uncountable) A substance used to minimize sweating or perspiration, and usually applied to the underarm area.


lexentry: eng/antiphonal__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: antiphonal
trans_list: antyfonalny
sense:
(music) Characterized by antiphones or antiphony; incorporating alternate, or responsive singing by a choir split into two parts.


lexentry: eng/antiphony__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: antiphony
trans_list: antyfona
sense:
(music, singing) Alternate, or responsive singing by a choir split into two parts; a piece sung or chanted in this manner.


lexentry: eng/antiphrasis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: antiphrasis
trans_list: antyfraza
sense:
(rhetoric) Use of a word or phrase in a sense not in accord with its literal meaning, especially for ironic or humorous effect; especially, use of an antonym with synonymic intent.


lexentry: eng/antipope__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: antipope
trans_list: antypapież
sense:
(Christianity) A person who claims or claimed to be the pope, usually as the result of a disputed election or deposition, but is not considered by the Roman Catholic Church to be the real pope.


lexentry: eng/antiprism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: antiprism
trans_list: antygraniastosłup
sense:
A polyhedron composed of two parallel copies of some particular polygon, connected by an alternating band of triangles.


lexentry: eng/antiquary__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: antiquary
trans_list: antykwariusz | antykwarz | archaista
sense:
A person who is knowledgeable of, or who collects antiques (especially one holding an official position); an antiquarian.


lexentry: eng/antique__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: antique
trans_list: antyczny
sense:
Having existed in ancient times, descended from antiquity; used especially in reference to Greece and Rome.


lexentry: eng/antique_shop__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: antique shop
trans_list: antykwariat | antykwarnia
sense:
(retail) A business dedicated to storing, selling, restoring, and trading in items from previous eras for their superficial and historical value, especially furniture and trinkets.


lexentry: eng/antiquity__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: antiquity
trans_list: starożytność
sense:
(history) The historical period preceding the Middle Ages (c. 500-1500), primarily relating to European history.


lexentry: eng/antiquity__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: antiquity
trans_list: starożytność | antyk
sense:
(often, constructed as an uncountable plural) A relic or monument of ancient times, such as a coin, a statue, etc.; an ancient institution.


lexentry: eng/antirealism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: antirealism
trans_list: antyrealizm
sense:
(philosophy) Any position involving denial of the objective reality of certain entities, or denial that certain general statements are objectively either true or false.


lexentry: eng/antisepsis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: antisepsis
trans_list: antyseptyka
sense:
(hygiene) The science and practice of countering microbial infection, as with the use of antiseptics, and the use of aseptic technique.


lexentry: eng/antiseptic__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: antiseptic
trans_list: antyseptyk | środek antyseptyczny
sense:
(pharmaceutical drug) Any substance that inhibits the growth and reproduction of microorganisms. Generally includes only those that are used on living objects (as opposed to disinfectants) and aren't transported by the lymphatic system to destroy bacteria in the body (as opposed to antibiotics).


lexentry: eng/antisocial_personality_disorder__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: antisocial personality disorder
trans_list: osobowość dyssocjalna
sense:
(psychology) A personality disorder marked by antisocial behavior, a pervasive pattern of disregard for and violation of the rights of others that begins in childhood or early adolescence and continues into adulthood.


lexentry: eng/antistrophe__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: antistrophe
trans_list: antystrofa
sense:
In Greek choruses and dances, the returning of the chorus, exactly answering to a previous strophe or movement from right to left.


lexentry: eng/antisymmetric__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: antisymmetric
trans_list: antysymetryczny
sense:
(set theory, order theory, of a binary relation R on a set S) Having the property that, for any two distinct elements of S, at least one is not related to the other via R; equivalently, having the property that, for any x, y ∈ S, if both xRy and yRx then x=y.


lexentry: eng/antisymmetric__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: antisymmetric
trans_list: antysymetryczny
sense:
(linear algebra, of certain mathematical objects) Whose sign changes on the application of a matrix transpose or some generalisation thereof:


lexentry: eng/antiterrorism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: antiterrorism
trans_list: antyterroryzm
sense:
(law enforcement, military, often, attributive) Activity aiming at opposing or preventing terrorism.


lexentry: eng/antithetical__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: antithetical
trans_list: antytetyczny
sense:
Pertaining to antithesis, or opposition of words and sentiments; containing, or of the nature of, antithesis; contrasted.


lexentry: eng/antitrinitarian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: antitrinitarian
trans_list: antytrynitarski
sense:
(theology) Rejecting the Trinitarian doctrine that God subsists as three distinct Persons in the single substance of the Holy Trinity.


lexentry: eng/antitrinitarianism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: antitrinitarianism
trans_list: antytrynitaryzm
sense:
(theology) Rejection of the Trinitarian doctrine that God subsists as three distinct persons in the single substance of the Holy Trinity; nontrinitarianism.


lexentry: eng/antitrust__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: antitrust
trans_list: antymonopolowy
sense:
(legal) Opposed to or against the establishment or existence of trusts (monopolies), usually referring to legislation.


lexentry: eng/antitype__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: antitype
trans_list: antytyp
sense:
Something that is symbolized or represented by a type, such as Christ by the Paschal Lamb; the fulfillment of a type.


lexentry: eng/antivenom__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: antivenom
trans_list: antytoksyna | przeciwjad
sense:
(medicine) A medicine that counteracts venom, an antidote to biological poisons from venomous animals such as snakes and spiders.


lexentry: eng/antivirus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: antivirus
trans_list: antywirus
sense:
(computing) A piece of software that is used to detect, delete and or neutralize computer-based viruses.


lexentry: eng/antler__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: antler
trans_list: poroże | róg
sense:
A deciduous branching and bony structure on the head of deer, moose and elk, normally in pairs. They are grown and shed each year. (Compare with horn, which is generally not shed.)


lexentry: eng/antlion__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: antlion
trans_list: mrówkolew
sense:
Any of various species of insects, many of them nocturnal, in the family Myrmeleontidae. The adults superficially resemble the unrelated damselflies. The larvae bury themselves in sand below a cone-shaped pit in which they trap insects such as ants.


lexentry: eng/anus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anus
trans_list: odbyt
sense:
(anatomy) The orifice of the rectum in most mammals, teleost fish, and many invertebrates, through which feces and flatus are ejected.


lexentry: eng/anvil__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anvil
trans_list: kowadło
sense:
A heavy iron block used in the blacksmithing trade as a surface upon which metal can be struck and shaped.


lexentry: eng/anxiety__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: anxiety
trans_list: niepokój | trwoga
sense:
An unpleasant state of mental uneasiness, nervousness, apprehension and obsession or concern about some uncertain event.


lexentry: eng/anxiety__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: anxiety
trans_list: lęk
sense:
(pathology) A state of restlessness and agitation, often accompanied by a distressing sense of oppression or tightness in the stomach.


lexentry: eng/anxious__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: anxious
trans_list: zaniepokojony
sense:
Having a feeling of anxiety or disquietude; extremely concerned, especially about something that will happen in the future or that is unknown.


lexentry: eng/any__Determiner__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: any
trans_list: jakiś | żaden
sense:
(negative polarity item, or, interrogative, chiefly with plural or uncountable nouns) One at all; at least one; at least one kind of; some; a positive quantity of.


lexentry: eng/any_other_business__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: any other business
trans_list: jakieś inne sprawy
sense:
The last item on the agenda for a meeting, when any matter not already dealt with may be raised. Abbreviations: a.o.b., AOB.


lexentry: eng/any_port_in_a_storm__Proverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: any port in a storm
trans_list: każda pomoc jest dobra
sense:
(idiomatic) One should accept any passable option when time is of the essence in an adverse situation.


lexentry: eng/aorist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aorist
trans_list: aoryst
sense:
(grammar) A verb paradigm found in certain languages, usually an unmarked form or one that expresses the perfective or aorist aspect.


lexentry: eng/aorist_aspect__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aorist aspect
trans_list: aoryst
sense:
(grammar) A temporal feature of the verb which denotes the speaker's standpoint of the event described by the verb, as from outside of the event and seeing it as a completed whole.


lexentry: eng/aorta__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aorta
trans_list: aorta
sense:
(anatomy) The great artery which carries the blood from the heart to all parts of the body except the lungs; the main trunk of the arterial system.


lexentry: eng/aortic_arch__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aortic arch
trans_list: łuk aorty
sense:
(anatomy) The curving portion of the aorta that bends between the ascending aorta and the descending aorta, from which the brachiocephalic artery, left carotid artery, and left subclavian artery arise.


lexentry: eng/apanage__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: apanage
trans_list: apanaże
sense:
(historical) A grant (especially by a sovereign) of land (or other source of revenue) as a birthright.


lexentry: eng/apartment__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: apartment
trans_list: mieszkanie
sense:
(chiefly, North America, Australia, Philippines) A complete domicile occupying only part of a building, especially one for rent; a flat.


lexentry: eng/apastron__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: apastron
trans_list: apastron
sense:
(astronomy) The point of greatest separation between a celestial object and the star which it orbits.


lexentry: eng/apatheia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: apatheia
trans_list: apatia
sense:
(philosophy) A state of mind in Stoic philosophy in which one is free from emotional disturbance; the freedom from all passions.


lexentry: eng/apatheism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: apatheism
trans_list: apateizm
sense:
(religion) Apathy towards the existence of a god; belief that the question of the existence of a god is unimportant.


lexentry: eng/apathy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: apathy
trans_list: apatia | tępota
sense:
Lack of emotion or motivation; lack of interest or enthusiasm towards something; disinterest (in something).


lexentry: eng/apatite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: apatite
trans_list: apatyt
sense:
(mineral) A calcium fluoride phosphate of variable composition, sometimes used in the manufacture of fertilizer, as a gemstone, and (in powdered form) as a pigment, and also produced biologically in bones and teeth.


lexentry: eng/ape__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ape
trans_list: małpa | małpa człekokształtna
sense:
A primate of the clade Hominoidea, generally larger than monkeys and distinguished from them by having no tail.


lexentry: eng/apeman__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: apeman
trans_list: pitekantrop
sense:
A prehistoric man resembling an ape, especially one held to be a precursor to modern humans; a non-human australopithecine.


lexentry: eng/aperture__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: aperture
trans_list: apertura | przesłona | przysłona
sense:
(astronomy, photography) The diameter of such a hole which restricts the width of the lightpath through the whole system. For a telescope, this is the diameter of the objective lens.


lexentry: eng/apex__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: apex
trans_list: apeks
sense:
(astronomy) The point on the celestial sphere toward which the Sun appears to move relative to nearby stars.


lexentry: eng/apex__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: apex
trans_list: szczyt
sense:
(botany) The end of a leaf, petal or similar organ opposed to the end where it is attached to its support.


lexentry: eng/aphanitic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aphanitic
trans_list: afanitowy
sense:
(geology, petrology) Pertaining to aphanites, igneous rocks composed of microscopic mineral crystals (fine grains too small to be visible to the naked eye.


lexentry: eng/aphasia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aphasia
trans_list: afazja
sense:
(pathology) A partial or total loss of language skills due to brain damage. Usually, damage to the left perisylvian region, including Broca's area and Wernicke's area, causes aphasia.


lexentry: eng/aphelion__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aphelion
trans_list: aphelium | afelium
sense:
(astronomy, also, figuratively) The point in the elliptical orbit of a comet, planet, or other astronomical object, where it is farthest from the Sun.


lexentry: eng/apheresis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: apheresis
trans_list: afereza
sense:
(phonetics, linguistics, prosody) Elision, suppression, or complete loss of a letter or sound (syllable) from the beginning of a word, such as the development of special from especial; procope.


lexentry: eng/aphotic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aphotic
trans_list: afotyczny
sense:
Having no light, especially no sunlight; specifically (biology, oceanography) describing that part of deep lakes and oceans where less than one per cent of sunlight penetrates and where photosynthesis is not possible.


lexentry: eng/aphotic_zone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aphotic zone
trans_list: strefa afotyczna
sense:
(oceanography) That part of the deep body of an ocean or lake that receives insufficient sunlight for photosynthesis to be possible.


lexentry: eng/aplanat__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aplanat
trans_list: aplanat
sense:
(optics) A lens that has been corrected for spherical aberration and coma in order to produce a rectilinear image.


lexentry: eng/aplanatic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aplanatic
trans_list: aplanatyczny
sense:
(optics, of an optical system) Free from, or corrected for, spherical aberration and chromatic aberration


lexentry: eng/aplasia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aplasia
trans_list: aplazja
sense:
(pathology) A condition marked by the incomplete development, or entire absence, of an organ or tissue.


lexentry: eng/aplastic_anemia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aplastic anemia
trans_list: anemia aplastyczna | niedokrwistość aplastyczna
sense:
(disease, hematology) A rare disease in which the bone marrow and the hematopoietic stem cells that reside there are damaged, causing pancytopenia.


lexentry: eng/apnea__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: apnea
trans_list: bezdech
sense:
(pathology) The cessation of breathing, most often in reference to transient instances thereof during sleep.


lexentry: eng/apocalypse__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: apocalypse
trans_list: apokalipsa | objawienie
sense:
(Christianity) The unveiling of events prophesied in the Revelation; the second coming and the end of life on Earth; global destruction. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/apocatastasis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: apocatastasis
trans_list: apokatastaza
sense:
(especially, religion, rare) An apocalypse leading to the remaking of the world rather than a Final Judgment, (Christianity) an Origenist doctrine condemned by the 543 C.E. Synod of Constantinople.


lexentry: eng/apocrypha__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: apocrypha
trans_list: apokryf
sense:
Something, as a writing, that is of doubtful authorship or authority (formerly also used attributively).


lexentry: eng/apocryphal__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: apocryphal
trans_list: apokryficzny | apokryfowy
sense:
(by extension) Of dubious veracity; of questionable accuracy or truthfulness; anecdotal or in the nature of an urban legend.


lexentry: eng/apogee__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: apogee
trans_list: apogeum
sense:
(astronomy) The point, in an orbit about the Earth, that is farthest from the Earth: the apoapsis of an Earth orbiter.


lexentry: eng/apolipoprotein__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: apolipoprotein
trans_list: apolipoproteina
sense:
(protein) Any polypeptide or protein that can serve as an apoprotein by binding with a lipid to form a lipoprotein.


lexentry: eng/apologetics__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: apologetics
trans_list: apologetyka
sense:
The field of study concerned with the systematic defense of a position, or of religious or occult doctrines


lexentry: eng/apologize__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: apologize
trans_list: przepraszać | apologizować | przeprosić
sense:
(intransitive, often followed by “for”) To make an apology or excuse; to acknowledge some fault or offense, with expression of regret for it, by way of amends


lexentry: eng/apology__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: apology
trans_list: przeprosiny | przeproszenie
sense:
An expression of remorse or regret for having said or done something that harmed another: an instance of apologizing (saying that one is sorry).


lexentry: eng/apophatic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: apophatic
trans_list: apofatyczny
sense:
(theology) Pertaining to knowledge of God obtained through negation rather than positive assertions.


lexentry: eng/apophysis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: apophysis
trans_list: apofiza
sense:
(anatomy) A natural outgrowth, swelling or enlargement, usually of an organism; a protuberance on a bone.


lexentry: eng/apoptosis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: apoptosis
trans_list: apoptoza
sense:
(biology, cytology) A process of programmed cell death by which cells undergo an ordered sequence of events which leads to death of the cell, as occurs during growth and development of the organism, as a part of normal cell aging, or as a response to cellular injury. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/aporia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aporia
trans_list: aporia
sense:
(rhetoric) An expression of deliberation with oneself regarding uncertainty or doubt as to how to proceed.


lexentry: eng/aporia__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: aporia
trans_list: aporia
sense:
(philosophy, post-structuralism) An insoluble contradiction, especially in a text's meaning; a logical impasse suggested by a text or speaker.


lexentry: eng/aposematism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aposematism
trans_list: aposematyczne | ubarwienie ostrzegawcze
sense:
(biology, chiefly, zoology) An adaptation, especially a form of coloration, that warns off potential predators.


lexentry: eng/aposiopesis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aposiopesis
trans_list: aposjopeza | apozjopeza
sense:
(rhetoric) An abrupt breaking-off in speech, often indicated in print using an ellipsis (…) or an em dash (—).


lexentry: eng/apostle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: apostle
trans_list: apostoł | apostołka
sense:
A missionary, or leader of a religious mission, especially one in the early Christian Church (but see Apostle).


lexentry: eng/apostle__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: apostle
trans_list: apostoł
sense:
A top-ranking ecclesiastical official in the twelve seat administrative council of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.


lexentry: eng/apostolic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: apostolic
trans_list: apostolski | papieski
sense:
(Christianity) Pertaining to apostles or their practice or teaching; pertaining to the apostles (of early Christianity) or their teachings.


lexentry: eng/apostolic_succession__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: apostolic succession
trans_list: sukcesja apostolska
sense:
(Christianity) The unbroken chain of consecrations by laying on of hands from the Apostles of Jesus Christ to the bishops, and from to bishop to bishop through the ages.


lexentry: eng/apostrophe__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: apostrophe
trans_list: apostrof | apostrofa
sense:
(orthography) The text character ’, which serves as a punctuation mark in various languages and as a diacritical mark in certain rare contexts.


lexentry: eng/apostrophe__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: apostrophe
trans_list: apostrofa
sense:
(rhetoric) A sudden exclamatory piece of dialogue addressed to someone or something, especially absent.


lexentry: eng/apothecium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: apothecium
trans_list: apotecjum | miseczka
sense:
(lichenology & mycology) A type of fructification of some ascomycete fungi, forming cyst structures of various shapes. Often the fungal components of lichens have this sort of fertile structure.


lexentry: eng/apothem__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: apothem
trans_list: apotema
sense:
(geometry) The distance from the center of a regular polygon perpendicular to one of its sides (a special case of the above).


lexentry: eng/apotropaism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: apotropaism
trans_list: apotropaizm
sense:
(religion, mysticism) The use of ritual or other magical means (including charms and/or incantations) to avert evil or bad luck.


lexentry: eng/app__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: app
trans_list: apka | aplikacja
sense:
(computing, mobile phones) An application (program), especially a small one designed for a mobile device.


lexentry: eng/apparent__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: apparent
trans_list: pozorny
sense:
Appearing to the eye or mind (distinguished from, but not necessarily opposed to, true or real); seeming.


lexentry: eng/apparition__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: apparition
trans_list: zjawa
sense:
An unexpected, wonderful, or preternatural appearance; especially something such as a ghost or phantom.


lexentry: eng/appeal__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: appeal
trans_list: apelacja | rewizja
sense:
An application to a superior court or judge for a decision or order by an inferior court or judge to be reviewed and overturned.


lexentry: eng/appeal__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: appeal
trans_list: apelować | odwołać się | odwoływać się | zaapelować
sense:
(intransitive) Often followed by against (the inferior court's decision) or to (the superior court): to apply to a superior court or judge for a decision or order by an inferior court or judge to be reviewed and overturned.


lexentry: eng/appeal__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: appeal
trans_list: apelować | podobać się | spodobać się | zaapelować
sense:
(intransitive) To call upon a person or an authority to corroborate a statement, to decide a controverted question, or to vindicate one's rights; to entreat, to invoke.


lexentry: eng/appear__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: appear
trans_list: stanąć | stawić się
sense:
(intransitive) To stand in presence of some authority, tribunal, or superior person, to answer a charge, plead a cause, etc.; to present oneself as a party or advocate before a court, or as a person to be tried.


lexentry: eng/appearance__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: appearance
trans_list: wygląd | aparycja | powierzchowność
sense:
(legal) An instance of someone coming into a court of law to be part of a trial, lawsuit or other proceeding, either in person or represented by an attorney or such like; a court appearance


lexentry: eng/appellate__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: appellate
trans_list: apelacyjny
sense:
That can be (legally) appealed to, especially of a court that hears appeals of decisions by a lower court.


lexentry: eng/apperceive__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: apperceive
trans_list: apercepcja
sense:
(psychology) To be aware of perceiving; to understand a perception by linking it mentally with a mass of existing ideas of the same object.


lexentry: eng/apperception__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: apperception
trans_list: apercepcja
sense:
(uncountable, psychology, and, philosophy, especially Kantianism) The mind's perception of itself as the subject or actor in its own states, unifying past and present experiences; self-consciousness, perception that reflects upon itself.


lexentry: eng/apperception__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: apperception
trans_list: apercepcja | samoświadomość
sense:
(countable, psychology) The general process or a particular act of mental assimilation of new experience into the totality of one's past experience.


lexentry: eng/applause__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: applause
trans_list: aplauz | poklask | oklaski | brawa
sense:
The act of applauding; approbation and praise publicly expressed by the clapping of hands, stamping or tapping of the feet, acclamation, huzzas, or other means; marked commendation.


lexentry: eng/apple-corer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: apple-corer
trans_list: drylownica do jabłek | wydrążacz do jabłek
sense:
A tool used to remove the apple core from an apple for use in cooking; some forms of the tool segment the apple at the same time as removing its core.


lexentry: eng/apple__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: apple
trans_list: jabłko
sense:
(Christianity) According to postbiblical Christian tradition, the fruit of the tree of knowledge which was eaten by Adam and Eve despite God commanding them not to do so; the forbidden fruit. [from 11th c.]


lexentry: eng/apple__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: apple
trans_list: jabłko
sense:
Often with a qualifying word: any fruit or vegetable, or any other thing (such as a cone or gall) produced by a plant, especially if from a tree and similar to the fruit of Malus domestica (sense 1.1). [from 9th c.]


lexentry: eng/apple__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: apple
trans_list: jabłko
sense:
A tree of the genus Malus; especially Malus domestica which is cultivated for its edible fruit; the apple tree. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/apple_cider_vinegar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: apple cider vinegar
trans_list: ocet jabłkowy
sense:
A vinegar, made from cider or apple must along with yeast and bacteria, that has been matured in wooden barrels.


lexentry: eng/apple_core__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: apple core
trans_list: ogryzek
sense:
The central portion of an apple containing the seeds and where the stem attaches (and the opposed end). Particularly the portion that remains after the main part of the fruit has been eaten.


lexentry: eng/apple_of_Sodom__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: apple of Sodom
trans_list: mleczara wyniosła
sense:
The mudar (Calotropis procera), a flowering plant, found from northern Africa to southeast Asia, which bears poisonous fruit.


lexentry: eng/apple_of_discord__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: apple of discord
trans_list: kość niezgody | jabłko niezgody
sense:
An object or topic which sows anger and dissension; something which causes argument, rivalry, or strife.


lexentry: eng/apple_of_someone's_eye__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: apple of someone's eye
trans_list: oczko w głowie
sense:
(idiomatic) The object of somebody's affections; a person (or sometimes a thing) that someone strongly prefers; a favourite, a loved one.


lexentry: eng/apple_turnover__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: apple turnover
trans_list: jabłecznik
sense:
A pastry dessert filled with pieces of sweetened apples, with the pastry folded over to enclose the filling.


lexentry: eng/apples_and_oranges__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: apples and oranges
trans_list: dwie różne rzeczy
sense:
(idiomatic) A comparison of items that, however categorically similar, is inapt; an incompatible analogy, or the items so compared; disanalogy.


lexentry: eng/applet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: applet
trans_list: aplet
sense:
(computing) A small program module that runs under the control of a larger application, typically a web browser.


lexentry: eng/appliance__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: appliance
trans_list: urządzenie
sense:
A non-manual apparatus or device, powered electrically or by another small motor, used in homes to perform domestic functions (household appliance) and/or in offices.


lexentry: eng/applicate__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: applicate
trans_list: współrzędna Z
sense:
(mathematics) The z-coordinate (the last of the three terms by which a point is referred to, in a system of Cartesian coordinates for a three-dimensional space)


lexentry: eng/application__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: application
trans_list: aplikacja
sense:
The act of directing or referring something to a particular case, to discover or illustrate agreement or disagreement, fitness, or correspondence.


lexentry: eng/application__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: application
trans_list: aplikacja | program komputerowy
sense:
(computing) A computer program or the set of software that the end user perceives as a single entity as a tool for a well-defined purpose. (Also called: application program; application software.)


lexentry: eng/application__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: application
trans_list: aplikacja | wniosek
sense:
A verbal or written request for assistance or employment or admission to a school, course or similar.


lexentry: eng/application__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: application
trans_list: aplikacja
sense:
(bureaucracy, legal) A petition, entreaty, or other request, with the adposition for denoting the subject matter.


lexentry: eng/application__Noun__1
sense_num: 11
written_rep: application
trans_list: aplikacja
sense:
(comptheory) The substitution of a specific value for the parameter in the abstraction, in lambda calculus.


lexentry: eng/applied_linguistics__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: applied linguistics
trans_list: lingwistyka stosowana
sense:
(linguistics) The interdisciplinary field of linguistics that identifies, investigates and offers solutions to language-related real-life problems.


lexentry: eng/applique__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: applique
trans_list: aplika | aplikacja
sense:
(arts) A decorative design made by cutting pieces of material and applying them to the surface of another for decoration.


lexentry: eng/apply__Verb__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: apply
trans_list: zgłosić się
sense:
(intransitive) To submit oneself as a candidate (with the adposition "to" designating the recipient of the submission, and the adposition "for" designating the position).


lexentry: eng/appoint__Verb__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: appoint
trans_list: umawiać | umówić
sense:
(transitive, legal) To fix the disposition of (property) by designating someone to take use of (it).


lexentry: eng/appointment__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: appointment
trans_list: przeznaczenie | wizyta
sense:
(government) The assignment of a person by an official to perform a duty, such as a presidential appointment of a judge to a court.


lexentry: eng/apport__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: apport
trans_list: aport
sense:
(parapsychology) The supposed paranormal transference of an object from one place to another, or the appearance of an object from an unknown source, often associated with poltergeist activity and séances.


lexentry: eng/apportionment__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: apportionment
trans_list: aport
sense:
(US) The distribution of members of the House of Representatives according to the population of the various states.


lexentry: eng/apposition__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: apposition
trans_list: apozycja
sense:
(grammar) A construction in which one noun or noun phrase is placed with another as an explanatory equivalent, both of them having the same syntactic function in the sentence.


lexentry: eng/appraise__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: appraise
trans_list: wyceniać | wycenić
sense:
(transitive) To determine the value or worth of (something), particularly as a person appointed for this purpose.


lexentry: eng/appreciation__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: appreciation
trans_list: uznanie
sense:
A fair valuation or estimate of merit, worth, weight, etc.; recognition of excellence; gratitude and esteem.


lexentry: eng/apprenticeship__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: apprenticeship
trans_list: nauczanie
sense:
The system by which a person learning a craft or trade is instructed by a master for a set time under set conditions.


lexentry: eng/approach__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: approach
trans_list: dojazd | podjazd
sense:
(also, figuratively) An avenue, passage, or way by which a building or place can be approached; an access.


lexentry: eng/approach__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: approach
trans_list: podchodzić | nadciągać | nadciągnąć | podejść | zblizać się | zblizyć się
sense:
(intransitive) To come or go near, in place or time; to move toward; to advance nearer; to draw nigh.


lexentry: eng/approach__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: approach
trans_list: podchodzić | nadciągać | nadciągnąć | podejść | zblizać się | zblizyć się
sense:
(ambitransitive, figuratively) Used intransitively, followed by to: to draw near (to someone or something); to make advances; to approximate or become almost equal.


lexentry: eng/approaches__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: approaches
trans_list: przybliżenie
sense:
(military) The covered roads, trenches, or other works made by besiegers or soldiers in their advances toward a place such as a fortress or military post.


lexentry: eng/approbation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: approbation
trans_list: aprobata
sense:
The act of approving; an assenting to the propriety of a thing with some degree of pleasure or satisfaction; approval, sanction, commendation or official recognition.


lexentry: eng/appropriate__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: appropriate
trans_list: stosowny
sense:
Suitable to the social situation or to social respect or social discreetness; socially correct; socially discreet; well-mannered; proper.


lexentry: eng/appropriate__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: appropriate
trans_list: przywłaszczyć sobie
sense:
(transitive) To set apart for, or assign to, a particular person or use, especially in exclusion of all others; with to or for.


lexentry: eng/approval__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: approval
trans_list: zatwierdzenie | zgoda
sense:
An expression granting permission; an indication of agreement with a proposal; an acknowledgement that a person, thing, or event meets requirements.


lexentry: eng/approximation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: approximation
trans_list: aproksymacja
sense:
(linguistics) The act of producing a near-simulation of the pronunciation of a foreign language for a loanword therefrom, or any given pronunciation resulting from that act.


lexentry: eng/apraxia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: apraxia
trans_list: apraksja
sense:
(neurology) Total or partial loss of the ability to perform coordinated movements or manipulate objects in the absence of motor or sensory impairment; specifically, a disorder of motor planning.


lexentry: eng/apriorism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: apriorism
trans_list: aprioryzm
sense:
(philosophy) The idea that some knowledge of the physical world can be derived logically from general principles.


lexentry: eng/apse__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: apse
trans_list: apsyda | absyda
sense:
(architecture) A semicircular projection from a building, especially the rounded east end of a church that contains the altar.


lexentry: eng/apsis__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: apsis
trans_list: apsyda | absyda
sense:
(astronomy) Either of the points in the elliptical orbit of a planet, comet, or moon where it is closest or furthest from the body it orbits; examples are perihelion, aphelion, perigee, and apogee


lexentry: eng/aqua_regia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aqua regia
trans_list: woda królewska
sense:
(inorganic compound, archaic) A mixture of three parts concentrated hydrochloric acid to one part concentrated nitric acid, named for its ability to dissolve gold.


lexentry: eng/aquafaba__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aquafaba
trans_list: akwafaba | aquafaba
sense:
(cooking, neologism) The liquid left over from boiling chickpeas or similar beans, or from a can of chickpeas.


lexentry: eng/aqualung__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aqualung
trans_list: akwalung
sense:
(underwater diving) A piece of equipment consisting of an oxygen tank and breathing apparatus used by divers to allow them to breathe underwater.


lexentry: eng/aquamanile__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aquamanile
trans_list: akwamanila
sense:
(historical) A ewer or jug-like vessel, shaped like an animal or human figure, used for washing the hands.


lexentry: eng/aquaplane__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aquaplane
trans_list: akwaplan
sense:
(originally, US, water sports) A board on which a person stands to ride for leisure which is pulled on a water surface by a motorboat.


lexentry: eng/aquaplaning__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aquaplaning
trans_list: akwaplanacja
sense:
(automotive, UK) The loss of contact with the road because of surface water. The act of aquaplaning.


lexentry: eng/aquaponics__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aquaponics
trans_list: akwaponika
sense:
(agriculture) A sustainable food production system that combines traditional aquaculture with hydroponics, with effluent from the water in which fish are reared being used as nutrition for plants.


lexentry: eng/aquaporin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aquaporin
trans_list: akwaporyny
sense:
(protein) Any of a class of proteins that form water-permeable pores in the membrane of biological cells.


lexentry: eng/aquatint__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aquatint
trans_list: akwatinta | akwatynta
sense:
A form of etching with acid on a plate partially covered with varnish that produces a print somewhat resembling a watercolour.


lexentry: eng/arabesque__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: arabesque
trans_list: arabeska
sense:
(art, architecture, also, attributively) An elaborate design of intertwined floral figures or complex geometrical patterns, mainly used in Islamic art and architecture.


lexentry: eng/arable__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: arable
trans_list: orny
sense:
(agriculture, of land) Able to be plowed or tilled, capable of growing crops (traditionally contrasted with pasturable lands such as heaths).


lexentry: eng/arable__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: arable
trans_list: orny
sense:
(agriculture, NGO, _, jargon, of land) Under cultivation (within any quinquennial period) for the production of crops sown and harvested within the same agricultural year (contrasted with permanently-cropped lands such as orchards).


lexentry: eng/arachidonic_acid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: arachidonic acid
trans_list: kwas arachidonowy
sense:
(fatty acid) A long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid, having 20 carbon atoms and four double bonds, found in animal fats; it is essential for human nutrition, being a precursor to the production of prostaglandins.


lexentry: eng/arachnoid_mater__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: arachnoid mater
trans_list: opona pajęcza
sense:
(anatomy) The middle layer of the meninges; a membrane that protects the brain and spinal cord below the dura mater and above the subarachnoid space and the pia mater.


lexentry: eng/aragonite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aragonite
trans_list: aragonit
sense:
(mineral) An evaporite consisting of anhydrous calcium carbonate with the chemical formula CaCO3 and occurring in pearls, shells and nacre; it is dimorphous with calcite.


lexentry: eng/arak__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: arak
trans_list: arak
sense:
A clear, unsweetened aniseed-flavoured alcoholic drink, produced and consumed primarily in the Levant.


lexentry: eng/arbitrage__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: arbitrage
trans_list: arbitraż | rozjemstwo
sense:
(finance) A market activity in which a security, commodity, currency or other tradable item is bought in one market and sold simultaneously in another, in order to profit from price differences between the markets.


lexentry: eng/arbitrary__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: arbitrary
trans_list: arbitralny | dowolny | umowny
sense:
(usually, of a decision) Based on individual discretion or judgment; not based on any objective distinction, perhaps even made at random.


lexentry: eng/arbitration__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: arbitration
trans_list: arbitraż
sense:
A process through which two or more parties use an arbitrator or arbiter in order to resolve a dispute.


lexentry: eng/arbor__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: arbor
trans_list: altana
sense:
A shady sitting place or pergola usually in a park or garden, surrounded by climbing shrubs, vines or other vegetation.


lexentry: eng/arborio_rice__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: arborio rice
trans_list: arborio
sense:
A northern Italian variety of short-grained starchy rice with a white dot at the center of each grain, commonly used in risotto.


lexentry: eng/arc__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: arc
trans_list: łuk
sense:
(geometry) A continuous part of the circumference of a circle (circular arc) or of another curve. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/archaeophyte__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: archaeophyte
trans_list: archeofit
sense:
(botany) A plant which was introduced to an area by humans (or arrived naturally, but from an area in which it was present as a human introduction) and became naturalized before 1500 C.E. (but especially in prehistoric times).


lexentry: eng/archaic_smile__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: archaic smile
trans_list: archaiczny uśmiech
sense:
(Ancient Greece, art, sculpture, historical) A smiling facial expression commonly found on Greek statues of the Archaic period (circa 700–500 B.C.E.).


lexentry: eng/archangel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: archangel
trans_list: archanioł
sense:
A powerful angel that leads many other angels, but is still loyal to a deity, and often seen as belonging to a particular archangelical rank or order within a greater hierarchy of angels. (Judeo-Christian examples: Gabriel, Michael, Raphael, Uriel).


lexentry: eng/archbishop__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: archbishop
trans_list: arcybiskup
sense:
A senior bishop who is in charge of an archdiocese, and presides over a group of dioceses called a province (in Catholicism, Eastern Orthodoxy, Anglicanism, etc.)


lexentry: eng/archconfraternity__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: archconfraternity
trans_list: archikonfraternia | arcybractwo
sense:
(Roman Catholicism) A religious confraternity that, as a special concession of the Holy See, can join or affiliate with, and extend privileges to, other similar brotherhoods.


lexentry: eng/archdeacon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: archdeacon
trans_list: archidiakon
sense:
(Anglicanism, Eastern Orthodoxy) A senior administrative official in a diocese, just under the bishop, often in charge of an archdeaconry. As a title, it can be filled by either a deacon or priest.


lexentry: eng/archdiocese__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: archdiocese
trans_list: archidiecezja | arcybiskupstwo | metropolia
sense:
(Christianity) An area administered by an archbishop; the ecclesiastical hierarchy of this area, also under the archbishop.


lexentry: eng/archduchess__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: archduchess
trans_list: arcyksiężna | arcyksiężniczka
sense:
A daughter or granddaughter of the Emperor of Austria-Hungary, or the wife of a son or grandson of the Emperor of Austria-Hungary


lexentry: eng/archegonium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: archegonium
trans_list: rodnia
sense:
(botany) A multicellular reproductive structure that contains a large, non-motile gamete (egg cell), and within which an embryo will develop.


lexentry: eng/archeopteryx__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: archeopteryx
trans_list: archeopteryks
sense:
A specimen of the species Archaeopteryx lithographica, being the earliest and most primitive known bird, representing a transition in the evolution of dinosaurs to birds.


lexentry: eng/archetype__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: archetype
trans_list: archetyp
sense:
An original model of which all other similar concepts, objects, or persons are merely copied, derivative, emulated, or patterned; a prototype. [from mid 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/archetype__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: archetype
trans_list: archetyp
sense:
(psychology) According to Swiss psychologist Carl Jung: a universal pattern of thought, present in an individual's unconscious, inherited from the past collective experience of humanity.


lexentry: eng/archimandrite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: archimandrite
trans_list: archimandryta
sense:
(Eastern Orthodoxy) The superior of a large monastery, or group of monasteries, in the Orthodox Church.


lexentry: eng/architect__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: architect
trans_list: architekt | architektka
sense:
A professional who designs buildings or other structures, or who prepares plans and superintends construction.


lexentry: eng/architecture__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: architecture
trans_list: architektura
sense:
The art and science of designing and managing the construction of buildings and other structures, particularly if they are well proportioned and decorated.


lexentry: eng/archive__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: archive
trans_list: archiwum
sense:
A place for storing earlier, and often historical, material. An archive usually contains documents (letters, records, newspapers, etc.) or other types of media kept for historical interest.


lexentry: eng/archivist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: archivist
trans_list: archiwista | archiwistka | archiwariusz | archiwariuszka
sense:
One who is in charge of, or performs the task of creating, collecting, cataloguing, organising, and archives.


lexentry: eng/archosaur__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: archosaur
trans_list: archozaur
sense:
A reptile of the taxon Archosauria, which includes modern crocodilians and birds, as well as the extinct pterosaurs, non-avian dinosaurs and other taxa.


lexentry: eng/arcology__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: arcology
trans_list: arkologia
sense:
(urban studies, uncountable) Urban development theory proposed by Paolo Soleri involving three-dimensional building methods and efficient use of space and resources.


lexentry: eng/arctic_fox__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: arctic fox
trans_list: piesiec | lis polarny | piesak
sense:
Vulpes lagopus, a fox of the family Canidae, living in the Arctic regions of North America and Eurasia.


lexentry: eng/arctic_hare__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: arctic hare
trans_list: zając polarny
sense:
A North-American hare of species Lepus arcticus, that is white, usually year round, found in the Arctic.


lexentry: eng/arctic_raspberry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: arctic raspberry
trans_list: jeżyna
sense:
A species of slow-growing bramble belonging to the rose family and bearing a dark red, sweet fruit; Rubus arcticus, native to arctic, subarctic, and alpine regions.


lexentry: eng/are__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: are
trans_list: ar
sense:
(rare) An accepted (but deprecated and rarely used) metric unit of area equal to 100 square metres, or a former unit of approximately the same extent. Symbol: a.


lexentry: eng/are_you_doing_anything_tomorrow__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: are you doing anything tomorrow
trans_list: co pan robi jutro? | co pani robi jutro? | co robisz jutro?
sense:
Asks if someone is busy tomorrow, possibly to invite them to do something if they are available. ("Tomorrow" can be replaced by other dates, such as "are you doing anything on the weekend", etc.)


lexentry: eng/are_you_religious__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
sense: A request for information about the listener's (or listeners') religious beliefs.
written_rep: are you religious
trans_list:
jest pan religijny? | jest pan wierzący? | jest pani religijna? | jest pani wierząca? | jesteś religijna? | jesteś religijny?


lexentry: eng/are_you_taking_any_medications__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: are you taking any medications
trans_list: czy bierze pan jakieś leki? | czy bierze pani jakieś leki? | czy bierzesz jakieś leki?
sense:
Asked mostly by doctors and nurses to ascertain whether certain drugs should not be given to patients, as they may interact adversely with other medications.


lexentry: eng/are_your_ears_burning__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: are your ears burning
trans_list: o wilku mowa
sense:
(idiomatic, colloquial, rhetorical question) Asked of somebody who was not present but was the topic of discussion.


lexentry: eng/area__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: area
trans_list: areał | rola
sense:
(British) An open space, below ground level, giving access to the basement of a house, and typically separated from the pavement by railings. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/area_code__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: area code
trans_list: oznajmujący
sense:
(US, Australia, Philippines) A prefix appended to a telephone number indicating the geographical area.


lexentry: eng/areca__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: areca
trans_list: areka
sense:
Any member of the genus Areca of about fifty species of single-stemmed palms in the family Arecaceae, found in humid tropical forests.


lexentry: eng/arena__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: arena
trans_list: arena
sense:
An enclosed area, often outdoor, for the presentation of sporting events (sports arena) or other spectacular events; earthen area, often oval, specifically for rodeos (North America) or circular area for bullfights (especially Hispanic America).


lexentry: eng/arena__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: arena
trans_list: arena
sense:
The building housing such an area; specifically, a very large, often round building, often topped with a dome, designated for indoor sporting or other major events, such as concerts.


lexentry: eng/areng__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: areng
trans_list: arenga
sense:
A palm tree (Arenga pinnata, syn. Saguerus saccharifer) which yields sago, wine, and fibres for ropes.


lexentry: eng/areography__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: areography
trans_list: areografia
sense:
(astronomy, geography) The scientific study of the planet Mars' geographical features; geography of Mars.


lexentry: eng/aretalogy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aretalogy
trans_list: aretalogia
sense:
A form of sacred biography in which a deity's attributes are listed, in the form of poem or text, in the first person.


lexentry: eng/arginine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: arginine
trans_list: arginina
sense:
An amino acid found in animal foods that plays an important role in several physiological processes.


lexentry: eng/argon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: argon
trans_list: argon
sense:
The chemical element (symbol Ar) with an atomic number of 18. The third most abundant gas in the Earth's atmosphere, it is a colourless, odourless, inert noble gas.


lexentry: eng/argonaut__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: argonaut
trans_list: argonauta | żeglarek
sense:
Any of several species of shelled octopods of the family Argonautidae (of which only the genus Argonauta is not extinct).


lexentry: eng/argot__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: argot
trans_list: argot
sense:
The specialized informal vocabulary and terminology used between people with special skill in a field, such as between doctors, mathematicians or hackers.


lexentry: eng/arguably__Adverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: arguably
trans_list: zapewne
sense:
As can be supported or proven by sound logical deduction, evidence, and precedent, but without absolute certainty.


lexentry: eng/aria__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aria
trans_list: aria
sense:
(music) A musical piece written typically for a solo voice with orchestral accompaniment in an opera or cantata.


lexentry: eng/arise__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: arise
trans_list: pojawiać
sense:
(intransitive) To spring up; to come into action, being, or notice; to become operative, sensible, or visible; to begin to act a part; to present itself.


lexentry: eng/aristocrat__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aristocrat
trans_list: arystokrata | arystokratka | szlachcianka | szlachcic
sense:
One of the aristocracy, nobility, or people of rank in a community; one of a ruling class; a noble (originally in Revolutionary France).


lexentry: eng/arithmetic__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: arithmetic
trans_list: arytmetyka
sense:
The mathematics of numbers (integers, rational numbers, real numbers, or complex numbers) under the operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.


lexentry: eng/arithmetic_mean__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: arithmetic mean
trans_list: średnia arytmetyczna
sense:
(statistics, probability) The measure of central tendency of a set of values computed by dividing the sum of the values by their number.


lexentry: eng/arithmetic_progression__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: arithmetic progression
trans_list: ciąg arytmetyczny | postęp arytmetyczny
sense:
(analysis) A sequence in which each term except the first is obtained from the previous by adding a constant value, known as the common difference of the arithmetic progression.


lexentry: eng/arithmetically__Adverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: arithmetically
trans_list: arytmetycznie
sense:
(of the nature of increases or decreases) In a way characterized by addition (of increments) rather than multiplication (by factors) or exponentiation (by exponents): by an arithmetic progression.


lexentry: eng/ark__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: ark
trans_list: arka
sense:
(Judaism, Christianity, Islam) Noah's ark: the ship built by Noah to save his family and a collection of animals from the deluge.


lexentry: eng/arkose__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: arkose
trans_list: arkoza
sense:
(geology) A sedimentary rock consisting of small fragments of feldspar and quartz similar to a coarse sand.


lexentry: eng/arm__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: arm
trans_list: ramię | ręka
sense:
(anatomy) The portion of the upper human appendage, from the shoulder to the wrist and sometimes including the hand.


lexentry: eng/arm__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: arm
trans_list: ramię | ręka
sense:
A long, narrow, more or less rigid part of an object extending from the main part or centre of the object, such as the armrest of an armchair, a crane, a pair of spectacles or a pair of compasses.


lexentry: eng/arm__Verb__2
sense_num: 02
written_rep: arm
trans_list: uzbrajać | uzbroić | zbroić
sense:
(transitive, figurative) To supply with the equipment, knowledge, authority, or other tools needed for a particular task; to furnish with capability; to equip.


lexentry: eng/arm_wrestling__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: arm wrestling
trans_list: siłowanie na rękę | siłowanie się | siłowanie się na rękę
sense:
A strength sport with two participants, in which each participant grips the other's hand and tries to pin the other's arm onto a surface.


lexentry: eng/armadillo__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: armadillo
trans_list: pancernik | pancerniki
sense:
Any of the burrowing mammals covered with bony, jointed, protective plates, order Cingulata, found in the Americas, especially in South America.


lexentry: eng/armband__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: armband
trans_list: rękawek
sense:
(swimming) One of a pair of inflatable plastic bands, normally worn on the upper arms, to help the wearer (often a child) float in water and learn to swim.


lexentry: eng/armed_conflict__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: armed conflict
trans_list: konflikt zbrojny
sense:
(international law, military) A contested incompatibility that entails the use of armed force between two parties including a territory, the government of a state, or both.


lexentry: eng/armed_forces__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: armed forces
trans_list: siły zbrojne | armia | wojsko
sense:
The military forces of a nation, such as the army, navy, air force, marines, and sometimes, coastguard or border guard, which are tasked with the defence of the nation and its citizens, if necessary through use of deadly force.


lexentry: eng/armillary_sphere__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: armillary sphere
trans_list: sfera armilarna
sense:
An instrument consisting of graduated metal circles used to represent the motions of celestial bodies around the earth.


lexentry: eng/arming__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: arming
trans_list: zbrojenie
sense:
The act of supplying (oneself or others) with armor and (now especially) arms and ammunition in preparation for a conflict; the act of providing with the means of defense and attack.


lexentry: eng/armor__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: armor
trans_list: zbroja | pancerz
sense:
(uncountable) A protective layer over a body, vehicle, or other object intended to deflect or diffuse damaging forces.


lexentry: eng/armor__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: armor
trans_list: wojska pancerne
sense:
(military, uncountable) A military formation consisting primarily of tanks or other armoured fighting vehicles, collectively.


lexentry: eng/armoured_fighting_vehicle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: armoured fighting vehicle
trans_list: opancerzony pojazd bojowy
sense:
(military) An armed and armoured military vehicle which runs on wheels or caterpillar track, used by fighting troops.


lexentry: eng/armoured_truck__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: armoured truck
trans_list: bankowóz
sense:
A truck used to transfer valuables between locations, which possesses armour against light firearms.


lexentry: eng/arms__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: arms
trans_list: herb
sense:
(heraldry) A visual design composed according to heraldic rules, consisting of a coat of arms normally displayed upon an escutcheon, sometimes accompanied by other elements of an achievement


lexentry: eng/arms_race__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: arms race
trans_list: wyścig zbrojeń
sense:
A competition for military supremacy between two powers, especially for the most weapons and the best military technology.


lexentry: eng/army__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: army
trans_list: armia | wojsko
sense:
A large, highly organized military force, concerned mainly with ground (rather than air or naval) operations.


lexentry: eng/arnica__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: arnica
trans_list: arnika | kupalnik
sense:
Any of several plants, of the genus Arnica, considered to have medicinal properties, especially Arnica montana.


lexentry: eng/aromatherapy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aromatherapy
trans_list: aromaterapia
sense:
(alternative medicine) The use of selected fragrances in lotions and inhalants in an effort to affect mood and promote health.


lexentry: eng/aromatization__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aromatization
trans_list: aromatyzacja
sense:
(petrochemistry) The conversion of aliphatic components of petroleum into aromatic compounds as part of the refining process.


lexentry: eng/arpeggio__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: arpeggio
trans_list: arpeggio
sense:
(music) The notes of a chord played individually instead of simultaneously, usually moving from lowest to highest.


lexentry: eng/arraignment__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: arraignment
trans_list: oskarżenie
sense:
(legal) The formal charging of a defendant with an offense; in many jurisdictions it includes their response in the form of a plea, typically as guilty, not guilty, or no contest.


lexentry: eng/arrange__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: arrange
trans_list: aranżować | zaaranżować
sense:
(music, transitive, intransitive) To prepare and adapt an already-written composition for presentation in other than its original form.


lexentry: eng/arranged_marriage__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: arranged marriage
trans_list: małżeństwo aranżowane
sense:
The marriage (union) of two people planned by someone other than the two people who are united in it.


lexentry: eng/array__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: array
trans_list: tablica
sense:
(programming) Any of various data structures designed to hold multiple elements of the same type; especially, a data structure that holds these elements in adjacent memory locations so that they may be retrieved using numeric indices.


lexentry: eng/arrest__Verb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: arrest
trans_list: aresztować
sense:
(transitive) To seize (someone) with the authority of the law; to take into legal custody. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/arrest_warrant__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: arrest warrant
trans_list: nakaz aresztowania | list gończy
sense:
(legal) An official document that authorizes law-enforcement officials to arrest a named person and to bring that individual before a court of law or other authority.


lexentry: eng/arris__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: arris
trans_list: krawędź
sense:
(archaeology) A ridge formed on the surface of flaked stone, such as a arrowhead or hand axe, as the result of the intersection of two or more flake removals.


lexentry: eng/arroba__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: arroba
trans_list: małpa
sense:
(historical) A traditional Spanish unit of mass, varying by time, location, and substance but generally around 11.5 kilograms.


lexentry: eng/arrogance__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: arrogance
trans_list: arogancja
sense:
The state of being arrogant; a type of extreme or foolish pride in which someone feels much superior to another.


lexentry: eng/arrow__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: arrow
trans_list: strzała | szyp | strzałka
sense:
(archery) A projectile consisting of a shaft, a point and a tail with stabilizing fins that is shot from a bow.


lexentry: eng/arrowroot__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: arrowroot
trans_list: maranta trzcinowa
sense:
(countable, uncountable) Maranta arundinacea from the Marantaceae family, a large perennial herb native to the Caribbean area with green leaves about 15 centimeters long. [from late 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/arrowroot__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: arrowroot
trans_list: mąka ararutowa
sense:
(uncountable) A starchy substance obtained from the rhizomes of an arrowroot plant used as a thickener.


lexentry: eng/arrowword__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: arrowword
trans_list: krzyżówka z strzałkami
sense:
A kind of crossword puzzle with the clues written in the grid, accompanied by arrows that indicate the position and direction of the answers.


lexentry: eng/arroyo__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: arroyo
trans_list: potok
sense:
A dry creek or streambed, a gulch which temporarily or seasonally fills and flows (after sufficient rain).


lexentry: eng/arsehole__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: arsehole
trans_list: dupek
sense:
(Commonwealth, mildly, vulgar, offensive, or, derogatory) An inconsiderate or mean-spirited person. Less vulgar and intense than fucker or cunt.


lexentry: eng/arsenal__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: arsenal
trans_list: arsenał | cekhauz | zbrojownia
sense:
A military establishment for the storing, development, manufacturing, testing, or repairing of arms, ammunition, and other war materiel; an armoury.


lexentry: eng/arsenic_acid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: arsenic acid
trans_list: kwas arsenowy
sense:
(inorganic compound) A poisonous, white crystalline compound, H3AsO4, formed from arsenic pentoxide and water; it has the same structure as phosphoric acid, and is used in the manufacture of arsenates.


lexentry: eng/arsenic_trioxide__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: arsenic trioxide
trans_list: arszenik
sense:
(inorganic compound) An industrially important and highly toxic oxide of arsenic that occurs as the mineral claudetite; formula As2O3 (though in liquid, gaseous and some solid forms it has molecules of the form As4O6).


lexentry: eng/arsenite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: arsenite
trans_list: arsenin
sense:
(inorganic compound) Any oxyanion of trivalent arsenic, especially the AsO33− anion (or protonated derivatives); any salt containing this anion, or any ester of arsenious acid


lexentry: eng/arsine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: arsine
trans_list: arseniak | arsenowodór
sense:
(inorganic compound, uncountable) A compound of arsenic and hydrogen, AsH3, a colorless and exceedingly poisonous gas, having an odor like garlic.


lexentry: eng/arsis__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: arsis
trans_list: spalone
sense:
(poetry) The stronger part of a metrical foot: the part containing the long (heavy) syllable in quantitative meter, or the stressed syllable in a qualitative meter.


lexentry: eng/arsis__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: arsis
trans_list: spalone
sense:
(music) The elevation of the hand, or that part of the bar at which it is raised, in beating time; the weak or unaccented part of the bar, opposed to the thesis.


lexentry: eng/art__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: art
trans_list: sztuka | umiejętność
sense:
(uncountable) The conscious production or arrangement of sounds, colours, forms, movements, or other elements in a manner that affects the senses and emotions, usually specifically the production of the beautiful in a graphic or plastic medium.


lexentry: eng/art_director__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: art director
trans_list: dyrektor artystyczny | dyrektorka artystyczna
sense:
A person who supervises and unifies the vision of an artistic production, including its visual appearance and psychological appeal to a target audience.


lexentry: eng/art_gallery__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: art gallery
trans_list: pinakoteka
sense:
A room, a group of rooms, or other space where works of art are placed on display, possibly for sale.


lexentry: eng/artemisia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: artemisia
trans_list: bylica
sense:
Any of many aromatic flowering plants of the genus Artemisia, including wormwood, sagebrush, and tarragon, often used as traditional medicine, oral contraceptive and flavoring.


lexentry: eng/artery__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: artery
trans_list: tętnica | arteria
sense:
(anatomy) Any of the muscular- and elastic-walled blood vessels forming part of the circulation system by which blood is conveyed away from the heart regardless of its oxygenation status; see pulmonary artery.


lexentry: eng/arthritis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: arthritis
trans_list: zapalenie stawów | artretyzm
sense:
Inflammation of a joint or joints causing pain and/or disability, swelling and stiffness, and due to various causes such as infection, trauma, degenerative changes or metabolic disorders.


lexentry: eng/arthropod__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: arthropod
trans_list: stawonóg
sense:
An invertebrate animal of the phylum Arthropoda, characterized by a chitinous exoskeleton and multiple jointed appendages.


lexentry: eng/artichoke__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: artichoke
trans_list: karczoch
sense:
A plant related to the thistle with enlarged flower heads eaten as a vegetable while immature, Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus.


lexentry: eng/artichoke_heart__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: artichoke heart
trans_list: karczoch
sense:
The edible base of an artichoke, prepared by removing the outer leaves and the inedible choke covering it.


lexentry: eng/article__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: article
trans_list: artykuł | rodzajnik | przedimek
sense:
A piece of nonfiction writing such as a story, report, opinion piece, or entry in a newspaper, magazine, journal, encyclopedia, etc.


lexentry: eng/article__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: article
trans_list: rodzajnik | przedimek | artykuł
sense:
(grammar) A part of speech that indicates, specifies and limits a noun (a, an, or the in English). In some languages the article may appear as an ending (e.g. definite article in Swedish) or there may be none (e.g. Russian, Pashto).


lexentry: eng/article__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: article
trans_list: artykuł | paragraf | rodzajnik
sense:
A section of a legal document, bylaws, etc. or, in the plural, the entire document seen as a collection of these.


lexentry: eng/articulated_bus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: articulated bus
trans_list: autobus przegubowy | przegubowiec
sense:
A bus fitted with a joint, which is covered by an accordion-shaped weatherproofing, to increase its manoeuvrability.


lexentry: eng/articulation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: articulation
trans_list: artykulacja
sense:
(countable, or, uncountable) A joint or the collection of joints at which something is articulated, or hinged, for bending.


lexentry: eng/articulation__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: articulation
trans_list: artykulacja
sense:
(accounting) The interrelation and congruence of the flow of data between financial statements of an entity, especially between the income statement and balance sheet.


lexentry: eng/artifact__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: artifact
trans_list: artefakt
sense:
A finding or structure in an experiment or investigation that is not a true feature of the object under observation, but is a result of external action, the test arrangement, or an experimental error.


lexentry: eng/artifact__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: artifact
trans_list: artefakt
sense:
(archaeology) An object, such as a tool, ornament, or weapon of archaeological or historical interest, especially such an object found at an archaeological excavation.


lexentry: eng/artifact__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: artifact
trans_list: artefakt
sense:
(computing) A perceptible distortion that appears in an audio or video file or a digital image as a result of applying a lossy compression or other inexact processing algorithm.


lexentry: eng/artificial__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: artificial
trans_list: sztuczny
sense:
Not natural or normal: imposed arbitrarily or without regard to the specifics or normal circumstances of a person, a situation, etc.


lexentry: eng/artificial_insemination__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: artificial insemination
trans_list: sztuczna inseminacja | sztuczne unasienianie
sense:
(biology, medicine) The introduction of semen into the uterus or cervix of a female by a means other than copulation.


lexentry: eng/artificial_intelligence__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: artificial intelligence
trans_list: sztuczna inteligencja
sense:
(computer science) The branch of computer science dealing with the reproduction or mimicking of human-level intelligence, self-awareness, knowledge, conscience, thought in computer programs.


lexentry: eng/artificial_intelligence__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: artificial intelligence
trans_list: sztuczna inteligencja
sense:
The essential quality of a machine which thinks in a manner similar to or on the same general level as a real human being.


lexentry: eng/artificial_selection__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: artificial selection
trans_list: dobór sztuczny
sense:
(evolutionary theory) Intervention by humans in the breeding of plants or animals in order to preserve selected genetic traits.


lexentry: eng/artillery__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: artillery
trans_list: artyleria
sense:
An army unit that uses such weapons, or a military formation using projectile weapons, such as archers.


lexentry: eng/artiodactyl__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: artiodactyl
trans_list: parzystokopytne
sense:
(zoology) Any ungulate mammal with an even number of toes and belonging to the Artiodactyla, including pigs, sheep, deer, cattle, and most grazing animals. In contrast, horses have an odd number of toes and as such are not Artiodactyla, but Perissodactyla. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/arugula__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: arugula
trans_list: rukola
sense:
One of three yellowish-flowered Mediterranean herbs of the mustard family with flavoured leaves, often eaten in salads. Has a distinct, peppery flavor:


lexentry: eng/aryl__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aryl
trans_list: aryl
sense:
(organic chemistry) Any univalent organic radical derived from an aromatic hydrocarbon by removing a hydrogen atom.


lexentry: eng/as__Conjunction__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: as
trans_list: jak
sense:
(dated) Introducing a comparison with a hypothetical state (+ subjunctive, or with the verb elided): as though, as if. [to 19th century]


lexentry: eng/as__Conjunction__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: as
trans_list: jako
sense:
(law) used before a preposition to clarify that the prepositional phrase restricts the meaning of the sentence; specifically.


lexentry: eng/as__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: as
trans_list: jak | jako | ponieważ | tak | bo | gdy
sense:
(numismatics) Any of several coins of Rome, coined in bronze or later copper; or the equivalent value.


lexentry: eng/as_above,_so_below__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: as above, so below
trans_list: jak wyżej, tak niżej
sense:
(occultism) What happens on a higher level of reality also happens on lower levels; the microcosm and macrocosm behave alike.


lexentry: eng/as_far_as_one_knows__Adverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: as far as one knows
trans_list: o ile mi wiadomo | z tego co wiem
sense:
(idiomatic) To the best of one's knowledge, as far as someone knows about the topic, subject, aspect, or situation.


lexentry: eng/as_if_there_were_no_tomorrow__Adverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: as if there were no tomorrow
trans_list: jakby jutra miało nie być | jakby jutro miał się skończyć świat
sense:
(idiomatic) To an excessive degree, oftentimes with little to no regard to future consequences; desperately; recklessly or wantonly; frantically; very quickly or very much.


lexentry: eng/as_is__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: as is
trans_list: taki jaki jest
sense:
(idiomatic, of an object) as it is; in its present state or condition, especially as a contractual condition of sale.


lexentry: eng/as_it_were__Adverb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: as it were
trans_list: niejako
sense:
Used to indicate that a word or statement is perhaps not exact though practically right; as if it were so.


lexentry: eng/as_much_as__Adverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: as much as
trans_list: jakby
sense:
Practically, just as, no less than; indicates an action tantamount to, but not identical to, the action described.


lexentry: eng/as_of__Preposition__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: as of
trans_list: od | począwszy od
sense:
(idiomatic) At or by a specified time, with the implication that the said condition will be true from that time onward.


lexentry: eng/as_of_right__Prepositional_phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: as of right
trans_list: prawnie
sense:
(legal) By virtue of an entitlement or authority which arises from certain legal conditions or circumstances; by operation of law.


lexentry: eng/as_opposed_to__Preposition__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: as opposed to
trans_list: w przeciwieństwie do
sense:
in contrast to, rather than, instead of; particularly used in defining a concept by providing an example that does not fall inside the concept.


lexentry: eng/as_the_case_may_be__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: as the case may be
trans_list: w danym wypadku
sense:
As is appropriate to the circumstances; particularly where a choice must be made between two options.


lexentry: eng/as_the_crow_flies__Adverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: as the crow flies
trans_list: w linii prostej
sense:
(idiomatic) In a straight line distance between two locations, as opposed to the road distance or over land distance.


lexentry: eng/as_you_sow,_so_shall_you_reap__Proverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: as you sow, so shall you reap
trans_list: kto sieje wiatr, zbiera burzę
sense:
The consequences of one's actions to oneself are in proportion to one's good or bad intentions towards others.


lexentry: eng/as_you_were__Interjection__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: as you were
trans_list: spokój
sense:
Disregard the previous partial command or order and return to the most recent formal command or order.


lexentry: eng/as_you_wish__Interjection__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: as you wish
trans_list: jak uważasz
sense:
A formal expression of agreement to something, especially with the connotation that one does not really agree.


lexentry: eng/asafoetida__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: asafoetida
trans_list: asafetyda | czarcie łajno | smrodzieniec
sense:
A resinous gum from the stem and roots of Ferula species such as Ferula foetida and Ferula assa-foetida, having a strong, unpleasant smell, with culinary and medical uses. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/asarabacca__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: asarabacca
trans_list: kopytnik
sense:
An acrid herbaceous plant, Asarum europaeum, the leaves and roots of which are emetic and cathartic.


lexentry: eng/asbestos__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: asbestos
trans_list: azbest
sense:
(mineral) Any of several fibrous mineral forms of magnesium silicate, used for fireproofing, electrical insulation, building materials, brake linings, chemical filters, suits, fireman's gloves, etc.


lexentry: eng/ascariasis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ascariasis
trans_list: askarioza | askarydoza | glistnica
sense:
A disease of humans caused by the parasitic roundworm Ascaris lumbricoides in humans and by other species of Ascaris in other mammals.


lexentry: eng/ascendant__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ascendant
trans_list: ascendent
sense:
(astrology, also, figurative) The degree of the zodiac or point of the ecliptic which rises in an eastern direction above the horizon at a particular moment (especially the moment of a person's birth), which is supposed to have a commanding influence on a person's fortune and life; a horoscope.


lexentry: eng/ascent__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: ascent
trans_list: wzniesienie
sense:
The degree of elevation of an object, or the angle it makes with a horizontal line; inclination; gradient; steepness


lexentry: eng/ascetic__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ascetic
trans_list: asceta | ascetka
sense:
One who is devoted to the practice of self-denial, either through seclusion or stringent abstinence.


lexentry: eng/ascites__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ascites
trans_list: wodobrzusze
sense:
(medicine) An accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity, frequently symptomatic of liver disease.


lexentry: eng/ascorbic_acid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ascorbic acid
trans_list: kwas askorbinowy
sense:
(vitamin) A white crystalline organic compound, C6H8O6, found in citrus fruits and many vegetables; it is an antioxidant and an efficient scavenger of free radicals.


lexentry: eng/ascus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ascus
trans_list: torba
sense:
(mycology) A sac-shaped cell present in ascomycete fungi; it is a reproductive cell in which meiosis and an additional cell division produce eight spores.


lexentry: eng/aseity__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aseity
trans_list: aseitas
sense:
(metaphysics, theology) Usually ascribed to deity: the attribute of being entirely self-derived, in contrast to being derived from or dependent on another; the quality of having within oneself the entire reason for one's being; utter independent self-existence and self-sustenance.


lexentry: eng/asexual__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: asexual
trans_list: aseksualny
sense:
(especially, of a person) Not experiencing sexual attraction; lacking interest in or desire for sex.


lexentry: eng/asexual__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: asexual
trans_list: aseksualista | aseksualistka
sense:
A person who does not experience sexual attraction; a person who lacks interest in or desire for sex.


lexentry: eng/ashcan__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ashcan
trans_list: popielniczka
sense:
A container for ashes, used in times past for accumulating ashes generated from wood and coal fires, for eventual disposal elsewhere.


lexentry: eng/ashlar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ashlar
trans_list: licówka kamienna nieregularna | mur ciosowy
sense:
(architecture) Masonry employing flat and well-squared stone or brick, creating an appearance similar to wooden flooring.


lexentry: eng/aside__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aside
trans_list: komentarz
sense:
An incidental remark to a person next to one made discreetly but not in private, audible only to that person. (theatre) A brief comment by a character addressing the audience, unheard by other characters.


lexentry: eng/askari__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: askari
trans_list: askarys
sense:
(historical) A member of a local African military or police unit, usually one serving in a European colonial force.


lexentry: eng/asocial__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: asocial
trans_list: asocjalny | aspołeczny
sense:
Not sociable; having minimal social connections with others; not inclined to connect with others socially.


lexentry: eng/asparaginase__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: asparaginase
trans_list: asparaginaza
sense:
(biochemistry) An enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of asparagine to aspartic acid, used in chemotherapy.


lexentry: eng/aspartame__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aspartame
trans_list: aspartam
sense:
(organic compound) An artificial sweetener, the methyl ester of a dipeptide formed from aspartic acid and phenylalanine, used in many processed foods and beverages.


lexentry: eng/aspartic_acid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aspartic acid
trans_list: kwas asparaginowy
sense:
(amino acid) A nonessential amino acid, L-α-amino-succinic acid, aminobutanedioic acid, found in animal protein and in sugar beet etc (C4H7NO4).


lexentry: eng/aspect__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: aspect
trans_list: widok
sense:
Position or situation with regard to seeing; that position which enables one to look in a particular direction; position in relation to the points of the compass.


lexentry: eng/aspect__Noun__1
sense_num: 08
written_rep: aspect
trans_list: aspekt
sense:
(grammar) A grammatical quality of a verb which determines the relationship of the speaker to the internal temporal flow of the event which the verb describes, or whether the speaker views the event from outside as a whole, or from within as it is unfolding. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/aspen__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aspen
trans_list: osika
sense:
A poplar tree, especially of section Populus sect. Populus, of medium-size trees with thin, straight trunks of a greenish-white color.


lexentry: eng/aspergillum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aspergillum
trans_list: kropidło
sense:
(Christianity) An implement, in the form of a brush, or of a rod with a perforated container, for sprinkling holy water; a holy water sprinkler.


lexentry: eng/asphalt__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: asphalt
trans_list: asfalt
sense:
A sticky, black to brown and highly viscous liquid or semi-solid, composed almost entirely of bitumen with small mineral particles, that is present in most crude petroleums and in some natural deposits.


lexentry: eng/asphalt_jungle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: asphalt jungle
trans_list: asfaltowa dżungla
sense:
(idiomatic) A city or urban area, where the landscape is covered by pavement and the environment is alienating and unsafe.


lexentry: eng/asphaltene__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: asphaltene
trans_list: asfalten
sense:
(organic chemistry) Any of the dark organic constituents of crude oils and bitumen that are soluble in aromatic solvents but not in aliphatic ones; they are polycyclic aromatic compounds (composed of fused benzene rings) with aliphatic side chains


lexentry: eng/asphodel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: asphodel
trans_list: złotogłów | asfodel | chryzantema | złocień
sense:
Any of the flowering plants of the family Asphodelaceae, especially Asphodelus ramosus and Asphodelus albus; the flower of these plants.


lexentry: eng/asphyxia__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: asphyxia
trans_list: asfiksja | zamartwica
sense:
Loss of consciousness due to the body's inability to deliver oxygen to its tissues, either by the breathing of air lacking oxygen or by the inability of the blood to carry oxygen.


lexentry: eng/asphyxia__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: asphyxia
trans_list: asfiksja | zamartwica
sense:
(medicine, obsolete) A condition in which an extreme decrease in the concentration of oxygen in the body leads to loss of consciousness or death. Replaced in the mid-20th century by the more specific terms anoxia, hypoxia, hypoxemia and hypercapnia.


lexentry: eng/aspidistra__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aspidistra
trans_list: aspidistra
sense:
any of several Asian plants, of the genus Aspidistra, having large leaves and small bell-shaped flowers; widely cultivated as a houseplant


lexentry: eng/aspirate__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: aspirate
trans_list: aspirować
sense:
(ambitransitive, linguistics) To produce an audible puff of breath, especially following a consonant, such as the letter "h" at the beginning of house or hat in standard English.


lexentry: eng/aspirated_h__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aspirated h
trans_list: h przydechowe
sense:
(French phonology) In the French language, usage of the letter h at the start of a word which does not allow liaison with a preceding consonant or elision of a preceding schwa.


lexentry: eng/aspiration__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aspiration
trans_list: ambicja | aspiracja
sense:
The act of aspiring or ardently desiring; an ardent wish or desire, chiefly after what is elevated or spiritual (with common adjunct adpositions being to and of).


lexentry: eng/asplenia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: asplenia
trans_list: asplenia
sense:
(biology, medicine) Physiological absence of splenic function; either substantial or total splenic dysfunction; splenic nonfunction.


lexentry: eng/ass-backwards__Adverb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: ass-backwards
trans_list: od dupy strony
sense:
(idiomatic, colloquial) In a hopelessly misguided manner; in a manner contrary to what is normal, expected, or logical.


lexentry: eng/ass-kisser__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ass-kisser
trans_list: dupoliz
sense:
(North America, vulgar, slang) Someone who kisses ass (who acts obsequiously in order to gain another's favor).


lexentry: eng/ass-licker__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ass-licker
trans_list: dupoliz
sense:
(US, vulgar, slang) Someone who succumbs to authority, doing whatever authority figures ask and attempting to please them in every possible way; (by extension) any contemptible person.


lexentry: eng/ass__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ass
trans_list: osioł
sense:
Any of several species of horse-like animals, especially Equus asinus, the domesticated of which are used as beasts of burden.


lexentry: eng/ass__Noun__2
sense_num: 03
written_rep: ass
trans_list: dupa | dupczenie | jebanie | pierdolenie
sense:
(vulgar, slang, synecdochically, uncountable) Sex; a person to have sex with; with vulgar emphasis on their corporeality (their body) over their personhood.


lexentry: eng/assassin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: assassin
trans_list: asasyn
sense:
(historical, , usually, capitalized) A member of the Nizari Ismaili Muslim community of the Alamut Period.


lexentry: eng/assassin__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: assassin
trans_list: zamachowiec | skrytobójca | skrytobójczyni | zamachowczyni
sense:
Someone who intentionally kills a person, especially a professional who kills a public or political figure.


lexentry: eng/assassinate__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: assassinate
trans_list: zamordować
sense:
To murder someone, especially an important person, by a sudden or obscure attack, especially for ideological or political reasons. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/assassinate__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: assassinate
trans_list: zamordować
sense:
(figuratively) To harm, ruin, or defame severely or destroy by treachery, slander, libel, or obscure attack.


lexentry: eng/assault_rifle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: assault rifle
trans_list: karabin automatyczny
sense:
A military select-fire rifle or carbine that fires a shortened rifle caliber round or lower-power smaller-calibre round, from a high-capacity magazine.


lexentry: eng/assay__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: assay
trans_list: esej
sense:
The act or process of ascertaining the proportion of a particular metal in an ore or alloy; especially, the determination of the proportion of gold or silver in bullion or coin.


lexentry: eng/assegai__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: assegai
trans_list: assagaj
sense:
A slim hardwood spear or javelin with an iron tip, especially those used by Bantu peoples of Southern Africa.


lexentry: eng/assemblage__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: assemblage
trans_list: asamblaż | assemblage
sense:
(arts) A visual art form similar to collage, which combines two-dimensional and three-dimensional, often found, elements into works of art.


lexentry: eng/assembler__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: assembler
trans_list: asembler | assembler
sense:
(programming, countable) A program that reads source code written in assembly language and produces executable machine code, possibly together with information needed by linkers, debuggers and other tools.


lexentry: eng/assembly_language__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: assembly language
trans_list: asembler | assembler
sense:
(computer languages) A programming language in which the source code of programs is composed of mnemonic instructions, each of which corresponds directly to a machine instruction for a particular processor.


lexentry: eng/assembly_line__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: assembly line
trans_list: linia montażowa
sense:
(manufacturing) A system of workers and machinery in which a product is assembled in a series of consecutive operations; typically the product is conveyed by a continuously moving belt.


lexentry: eng/assert__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: assert
trans_list: bronić
sense:
To maintain or defend, as a cause or a claim, by words or measures; to vindicate a claim or title to.


lexentry: eng/assert__Verb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: assert
trans_list: zaklinać się
sense:
(reflexive) To insist on the legitimacy of one's rights, opinion, etc; not to allow oneself to be dismissed; to ensure that one is taken into consideration; to make oneself respected; to be assertive. See assert oneself.


lexentry: eng/assertion__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: assertion
trans_list: potwierdzenie
sense:
(computer programming) A statement in a program asserting a condition expected to be true at a particular point, used in debugging.


lexentry: eng/asshole__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: asshole
trans_list: dupek | cham | dziad | dziadyga | gad | gadzina
sense:
(vulgar, derogatory, or, offensive, synecdochically) A jerk; an inappropriately or objectionably mean, inconsiderate, contemptible, obnoxious, intrusive, stupid, or rude person.


lexentry: eng/assimilation__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: assimilation
trans_list: upodobnienie | asymilacja
sense:
(phonology) A sound change process by which the phonetics of a speech segment becomes more like that of another segment in a word (or at a word boundary), so that a change of phoneme occurs.


lexentry: eng/assimilation__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: assimilation
trans_list: asymilacja
sense:
(sociology, cultural studies) The adoption, by a minority group, of the customs and attitudes of the dominant culture.


lexentry: eng/assimilationist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: assimilationist
trans_list: asymilant | asymilator | asymilatorka
sense:
(sociology) An advocate of the policy or practice of the assimilation of immigrant or other minority cultures into a mainstream culture.


lexentry: eng/assistant_professor__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: assistant professor
trans_list: adiunkt | adiunktka
sense:
(education) An entry-level position in a university faculty, lower than an associate professor and a full professor.


lexentry: eng/associate_professor__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: associate professor
trans_list: docent | adiunkt
sense:
(education) A teacher in a higher education institution who ranks above an assistant professor and below a professor.


lexentry: eng/association_football__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: association football
trans_list: piłka nożna
sense:
A ball game played between two teams of eleven players, each attempting to win by scoring more goals than their opponent.


lexentry: eng/associationism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: associationism
trans_list: asocjacjonizm
sense:
(psychology) A theory that association (of experiences etc) is the basis of consciousness and mental activity


lexentry: eng/associative__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: associative
trans_list: łączny | asocjatywny
sense:
(algebra, of a binary operator *) Such that, for any operands a, b and c, (a * b) * c = a * (b * c); (of a ring, etc.) whose multiplication operation is associative.


lexentry: eng/associative_array__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: associative array
trans_list: słownik | tablica asocjacyjna
sense:
(computing) An array-like data structure where the indices (called keys) are not limited to integers.


lexentry: eng/assonance__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: assonance
trans_list: asonacja | asonancja | asonans
sense:
(prosody) The repetition of similar or identical vowel sounds (though with different consonants), usually in literature or poetry.


lexentry: eng/assumption__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: assumption
trans_list: przypuszczenie
sense:
The act of taking for granted, or supposing a thing without proof; a supposition; an unwarrantable claim.


lexentry: eng/assurance__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: assurance
trans_list: obietnica
sense:
(insurance) Insurance; a contract for the payment of a sum on occasion of a certain event, as loss or death. Assurance is used in relation to life contingencies, and insurance in relation to other contingencies. It is called temporary assurance, in the time within which the contingent event must happen is limited.


lexentry: eng/assure__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: assure
trans_list: zapewnić | upewniać | upewnić | zapewniać
sense:
(transitive, followed by that or of) To give (someone) confidence in the trustworthiness of (something).


lexentry: eng/asswipe__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: asswipe
trans_list: srajtaśma
sense:
(North America, informal, mildly, vulgar, offensive, or, derogatory) An annoying, contemptible, or worthless person.


lexentry: eng/asterism__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: asterism
trans_list: asteryzm
sense:
(mineralogy) A star-shaped figure exhibited by some crystals by reflected light (as in a star sapphire) or by transmitted light (as in some mica).


lexentry: eng/asteroid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: asteroid
trans_list: planetoida | asteroida
sense:
(astronomy) A naturally occurring solid object, which is smaller than a planet and a dwarf planet, larger than a meteoroid and not a comet, that orbits a star and often has an irregular shape.


lexentry: eng/asteroid_belt__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: asteroid belt
trans_list: pas planetoid
sense:
(astronomy) The main asteroid belt, the region of the orbital plane of the Solar System located between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter which is occupied by numerous minor planets (asteroids) and the dwarf planet Ceres.


lexentry: eng/asteronym__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: asteronym
trans_list: asteronim
sense:
(typography, rare) An asterism (⁂) or similar symbol which replaces the name of the author in a literary work.


lexentry: eng/asthma__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: asthma
trans_list: astma | dychawica | zadyszka
sense:
(pathology) A long-term respiratory condition, in which the airways may unexpectedly and suddenly narrow, often in response to an allergen, cold air, exercise, or emotional stress. Symptoms include wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing.


lexentry: eng/astigmatism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: astigmatism
trans_list: astygmatyzm
sense:
(optics) A defect of a lens such that light rays coming from a point do not meet at a focal point so that the image is blurred.


lexentry: eng/astigmatism__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: astigmatism
trans_list: astygmatyzm
sense:
(pathology) A disorder of the vision, usually due to a misshapen cornea, such that light does not focus correctly on the retina causing a blurred image.


lexentry: eng/astragalomancy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: astragalomancy
trans_list: astragalomancja
sense:
Divination by dice made from huckle-bones. They have four flat sides and two round sides which were marked.


lexentry: eng/astral__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: astral
trans_list: astralny | gwiezdny
sense:
(parapsychology, theosophy, fantasy) Composed of ethereal material or non-physical (sometimes supersensible), and capable of sometimes separating from the physical body (as an astral body) to travel to other places or to other realms of existence (in or via the astral plane).


lexentry: eng/astral_body__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: astral body
trans_list: ciało astralne
sense:
(parapsychology, theosophy, fantasy) A ghost-like replica of one's physical body which supposedly inhabits or is somehow associated with the physical body, conceived as a subtle body composed of some sort of ethereal material or as being non-physical and capable of sometimes separating from the physical body to travel to other places or to other realms of existence.


lexentry: eng/astrological_sign__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: astrological sign
trans_list: znak | znak zodiaku
sense:
(astrology) Any of twelve signs, corresponding to constellations, that are used as the basis of astrology


lexentry: eng/astrology__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: astrology
trans_list: astrologia
sense:
Divination about human affairs or natural phenomena from the relative positions of celestial bodies. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/astrometry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: astrometry
trans_list: astrometria
sense:
(astronomy) The branch of astronomy that deals with the measurement of the positions and motions of celestial bodies, particularly stars.


lexentry: eng/astronaut__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: astronaut
trans_list: astronauta | astronautka | kosmonauta | kosmonautka
sense:
A member of the crew of a spaceship or other spacecraft that travels beyond Earth's atmosphere, or someone trained to serve that purpose.


lexentry: eng/astronomer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: astronomer
trans_list: astronom | astronomka
sense:
(astronomy) One who studies astronomy, the stars or the physical universe; a scientist whose area of research is astronomy or astrophysics


lexentry: eng/astronomical_unit__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: astronomical unit
trans_list: jednostka astronomiczna
sense:
(astronomy) 149,597,870,700 metres, the approximate mean distance from the Earth to the Sun (the semi-major axis of Earth's orbit), (symbol AU), used to measure distances in the solar system.


lexentry: eng/astronomy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: astronomy
trans_list: astronomia
sense:
The study of the physical universe beyond the Earth's atmosphere, including the process of mapping locations and properties of the matter and radiation in the universe.


lexentry: eng/astrophotography__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: astrophotography
trans_list: astrofotografia
sense:
(astronomy, photography) The photography or imaging of astronomical objects, celestial events or areas of the night sky.


lexentry: eng/astrophysics__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: astrophysics
trans_list: astrofizyka
sense:
The branch of astronomy or physics that deals with the physical properties of celestial bodies and with the interaction between matter and radiation in celestial bodies and in the space between them.


lexentry: eng/asylum__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: asylum
trans_list: dom obłąkanych | szpital psychiatryczny
sense:
(dated) A place of protection or restraint for one or more classes of the disadvantaged, especially the mentally ill.


lexentry: eng/asylum_seeker__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: asylum seeker
trans_list: azylant | azylantka | azylowiec
sense:
A person who has applied for asylum in a foreign country but has not yet been granted refugee status by that country.


lexentry: eng/asymmetry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: asymmetry
trans_list: asymetria
sense:
Absence of symmetry or proportion between the parts of a thing, or a distinction that produces such a lack of symmetry.


lexentry: eng/asymptote__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: asymptote
trans_list: asymptota
sense:
(analysis) A straight line which a curve approaches arbitrarily closely as it goes to infinity. The limit of the curve; its tangent "at infinity".


lexentry: eng/asyndetic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: asyndetic
trans_list: asyndetyczny
sense:
(grammar, rhetoric) Of, related to, or characterized by asyndeton, lacking conjunctions or purposefully omitting conjunctions.


lexentry: eng/at__Preposition__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: at
trans_list: w | o
sense:
(indicating time) Indicating occurrence in an instant of time or a period of time relatively short in context or from the speaker’s perspective.


lexentry: eng/at_a_loss_for_words__Prepositional_phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: at a loss for words
trans_list: brak komuś słów
sense:
(idiomatic) Having nothing to say; not knowing what to say; stunned to the point of being speechless.


lexentry: eng/at_all__Adverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: at all
trans_list: ani trochę | całkiem | nic a nic | w ogóle | wcale
sense:
(idiom) Indicating degree, quantity or frequency greater than zero: to the slightest degree, in any way, at any time or in any circumstance.


lexentry: eng/ataman__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ataman
trans_list: ataman | atamanka
sense:
(historical) A title of Cossack and haidamak leaders of various kinds. The term was also used for the leader of a fisherman artel and of a band of robbers or thieves.


lexentry: eng/atavism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: atavism
trans_list: atawizm
sense:
The reappearance of an ancestral characteristic in an organism after several generations of absence; a throwback.


lexentry: eng/atavistic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: atavistic
trans_list: atawistyczny
sense:
(biology) Of the recurrence of a trait reappearing after an absence of one or more generations due to a chance recombination of genes.


lexentry: eng/ataxia__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: ataxia
trans_list: ataksja
sense:
(physical chemistry, organic chemistry) The condition of a polymer in which the orientation of the subunits is random


lexentry: eng/atelectasis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: atelectasis
trans_list: niedodma
sense:
(medicine) The collapse of a part of or the whole lung caused by inner factors rather than a pneumothorax.


lexentry: eng/athame__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: athame
trans_list: sztylet
sense:
A ceremonial pointed knife or dagger, used especially in Wicca and other neopagan traditions and typically having a black handle with magical symbols on it. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/athanor__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: athanor
trans_list: atanor
sense:
(historical) A furnace or stove designed and used to maintain uniform heat, primarily used by alchemists. [from late 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/atheism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: atheism
trans_list: ateizm | bezbożność
sense:
(broadly) A lack of belief in deities, or a belief that there is insufficient evidence to believe in a god.


lexentry: eng/atheist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: atheist
trans_list: ateista | ateistka | bezbożnik | ateusz | ateuszka | bezbożnica
sense:
(broadly) A person who doubts the existence of deities (therefore, an agnostic may be considered an atheist).


lexentry: eng/atheist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: atheist
trans_list: ateista | ateistka | bezbożnik | ateusz | ateuszka | bezbożnica
sense:
(narrowly) A person who is certain that no deities exist or who thinks that the existence of deities can be disproven.


lexentry: eng/athematic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: athematic
trans_list: atematyczny
sense:
(linguistics) Of a root, not having a thematic vowel and thus attaching inflections directly to the root.


lexentry: eng/atherosclerosis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: atherosclerosis
trans_list: arterioskleroza | miażdżyca
sense:
(pathology) The clogging or hardening of arteries or blood vessels caused by plaques (accumulations of fatty deposits, usually cholesterol).


lexentry: eng/athetosis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: athetosis
trans_list: atetoza
sense:
(symptom) A series of involuntary writhing movements of the limbs, typically bilateral and symmetric and predominantly affecting the distal parts of the limbs.


lexentry: eng/athlete's_foot__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: athlete's foot
trans_list: grzybice skóry
sense:
(disease) A fungal infection of the skin of the foot, usually between the toes, caused by pathogen fungi, such as Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton interdigitale, syn. Trichophyton mentagrophytes, or Epidermophyton floccosum


lexentry: eng/athlete__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: athlete
trans_list: atleta | atletka | lekkoatleta | lekkoatletka
sense:
A participant in any of a group of sporting activities including track and field, road running, cross country running and racewalking.


lexentry: eng/athlete__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: athlete
trans_list: atleta | atletka | sportowiec | sportsmenka
sense:
(US, Canada) A person who actively participates in physical sports, especially with great skill; a sportsperson.


lexentry: eng/athletics__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: athletics
trans_list: atletyka
sense:
(sports, especially Britain) A group of sporting activities including track and field, road running, cross country and racewalking.


lexentry: eng/athletics__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: athletics
trans_list: lekkoatletyka | atletyka
sense:
(sports, especially US) Physical activities such as sports and games requiring stamina, fitness and skill.


lexentry: eng/atlas__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: atlas
trans_list: atlas | dźwigacz
sense:
(anatomy) The uppermost vertebra of the cervical spine in the neck in humans and some other animals.


lexentry: eng/atlatl__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: atlatl
trans_list: atlatl
sense:
A spearthrower consisting of a wooden stick with a thong or perpendicularly protruding hook on the rear end that grips a grove or socket on the butt of its accompanying spear (or dart), intended to steady the spear immediately prior to throwing, to increase its potential range when thrown, and to increase its force of penetration of the target. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/atmosphere__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: atmosphere
trans_list: atmosfera
sense:
A unit of measurement for pressure equal to 101325 Pa (symbol: atm), approximately the atmospheric pressure at sea level.


lexentry: eng/atoll__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: atoll
trans_list: atol
sense:
A type of island consisting of a ribbon reef that nearly or entirely surrounds a lagoon and supports, in most cases, one to many islets on the reef platform.


lexentry: eng/atom__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: atom
trans_list: atom
sense:
(chemistry, physics) The smallest possible amount of matter which still retains its identity as a chemical element, now known to consist of a nucleus surrounded by electrons. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/atom__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: atom
trans_list: atom
sense:
(history of science) A hypothetical particle posited by Greek philosophers as an ultimate and indivisible component of matter. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/atomic_clock__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: atomic clock
trans_list: zegar atomowy
sense:
An extremely accurate reference clock whose operation is based on an atomic process, typically the frequency of electromagnetic radiation associated with a specified energy-level transition in an element such as cesium.


lexentry: eng/atomic_nucleus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: atomic nucleus
trans_list: jądro atomowe
sense:
(physics) A nucleus of an atom; consisting of protons and neutrons, surrounded by an electron cloud.


lexentry: eng/atomic_weight__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: atomic weight
trans_list: masa atomowa
sense:
(physics) A term used to represent the mean relative atomic mass of an element in nature, as distinct from the relative atomic mass of a single isotope.


lexentry: eng/atomism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: atomism
trans_list: atomizm | atomistyka
sense:
(philosophy) The ancient Greek theory that all matter is composed of very small indestructible and indivisible particles.


lexentry: eng/atomizer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: atomizer
trans_list: atomizator | atomizer | opryskiwacz | rozpylacz
sense:
An instrument for reducing a liquid to spray or vapor for disinfecting, cooling, medical use or perfume spraying.


lexentry: eng/atone__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: atone
trans_list: odpokutować | pokutować | odpokutowywać | zadośćuczynić
sense:
(ambitransitive) To make reparation, compensation, amends or satisfaction for an offence, crime, mistake or deficiency. [from 1680s]


lexentry: eng/atopy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: atopy
trans_list: atopia
sense:
(medicine) A hereditary disorder marked by the tendency to develop localized immediate hypersensitivity reactions to allergens such as pollen, food etc and is manifested by hay fever, asthma, or similar allergic conditions; generally considered to be caused by the interaction of environmental and genetic factors.


lexentry: eng/atrium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: atrium
trans_list: atrium
sense:
(architecture) A central room or space in ancient Roman homes, open to the sky in the middle; a similar space in other buildings.


lexentry: eng/atrium__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: atrium
trans_list: atrium
sense:
(architecture) A square hall lit by daylight from above, into which rooms open at one or more levels.


lexentry: eng/atrium__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: atrium
trans_list: atrium | przedsionek
sense:
(palynology) A cavity inside a porate aperture of a pollen grain formed by the separation of the sexine and nexine layers, widening toward the interior of the grain.


lexentry: eng/atrophy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: atrophy
trans_list: atrofia
sense:
(pathology) A reduction in the functionality of an organ caused by disease, injury or lack of use. [from early 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/atropine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: atropine
trans_list: atropina
sense:
(poison, pharmaceutical drug) An alkaloid extracted from the plant deadly nightshade (Atropa belladonna) and other sources, such as the seeds of the thorn-apple. Though overdoses would be fatal it is used as a drug in medicine for its paralytic effects (e.g. in surgery to relax muscles, in dentistry to dry the mouth, in ophthalmology to dilate the pupils).


lexentry: eng/attack__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: attack
trans_list: atak
sense:
An attempt to detract from the worth or credibility of, a person, position, idea, object, or thing, by physical, verbal, emotional, or other assault.


lexentry: eng/attack__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: attack
trans_list: atak
sense:
(volleyball) Any contact with the ball other than a serve or block which sends the ball across the plane of the net.


lexentry: eng/attack__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: attack
trans_list: atakować | zaatakować | napadać | napaść
sense:
(transitive) To begin to affect; to act upon injuriously or destructively; to begin to decompose or waste.


lexentry: eng/attack__Verb__1
sense_num: 08
written_rep: attack
trans_list: atakować | zaatakować
sense:
(soccer) To move forward in an active attempt to score a point, as opposed to trying not to concede.


lexentry: eng/attack_aircraft__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: attack aircraft
trans_list: szturmowiec
sense:
A tactical military aircraft designed to carry out precise airstrikes against ground or naval targets


lexentry: eng/attack_helicopter__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: attack helicopter
trans_list: helikopter szturmowy
sense:
(military) An armed helicopter with the offensive capability of engaging ground targets such as enemy infantry, military vehicles, and fortifications. [from 1950s]


lexentry: eng/attacker__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: attacker
trans_list: napastnik
sense:
(soccer) One of the players on a team in football (soccer) in the row nearest to the opposing team's goal, who are therefore principally responsible for scoring goals.


lexentry: eng/attain__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: attain
trans_list: osiągać | osiągnąć
sense:
(transitive) To reach or come to, by progression or motion; to arrive at (a place, time, state, etc.).


lexentry: eng/attainment__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: attainment
trans_list: korzyść
sense:
The act of attaining; the act of arriving at or reaching; the act of obtaining by exertion or effort.


lexentry: eng/attend__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: attend
trans_list: atentować | brać udział | uczęszczać
sense:
(transitive) To be present at (an event or place) in order to take part in some action or proceedings; also, to regularly go to (an event or place). [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/attendant__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: attendant
trans_list: gość
sense:
(mostly, archaic) A visitor or caller; one who attends (is present at or regularly goes to) some event or place.


lexentry: eng/attention__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: attention
trans_list: atencja | względy
sense:
(countable) An action or remark expressing concern for or interest in someone or something, especially romantic interest.


lexentry: eng/attention_deficit_hyperactivity_disorder__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
sense:
(neurology, pathology, psychiatry, psychology) A developmental disorder in which a person has difficulty to concentrate and a persistent pattern of impulsiveness and inattention, with or without a component of hyperactivity.

trans_list:
zespół nadpobudliwości psychoruchowej z deficytem uwagi | ADHD | zaburzenia hiperkinetyczne | zespół nadpobudliwości psychoruchowej z brakiem koncentracji uwagi


lexentry: eng/attention_span__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: attention span
trans_list: koncentracja uwagi
sense:
The length of time, or span that one can pay attention, or concentrate on one topic without becoming distracted.


lexentry: eng/attenuation__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: attenuation
trans_list: tłumienie
sense:
(physics) A reduction in the level of some property with distance, especially the amplitude of a wave or the strength of a signal.


lexentry: eng/atter__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: atter
trans_list: jad
sense:
(archaic, or, UK, _, dialectal) poisonous bodily fluid, especially venom of a venomous animal, such as a snake, dragon or other reptile; corrupt or morbid matter from the body, such as pus from a sore or wound; bitter substance, such as bile


lexentry: eng/attestation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: attestation
trans_list: atest | certyfikat | zaświadczenie | świadectwo
sense:
A thing that serves to bear witness, confirm, or authenticate; validation, verification, documentation.


lexentry: eng/attic__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: attic
trans_list: strych | poddasze | mansarda
sense:
The space, often unfinished and with sloped walls, directly below the roof in the uppermost part of a house or other building, generally used for storage or habitation.


lexentry: eng/attitudinize__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: attitudinize
trans_list: bawić
sense:
To give the appearance of, or make a show of, (something) by assuming an affected or exaggerated attitude.


lexentry: eng/attitudinize__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: attitudinize
trans_list: pozować
sense:
To assume an attitude or pose, especially one which is affected, exaggerated, or unnatural; to posture, to posturize; also, to excessively practise adopting attitudes or poses.


lexentry: eng/atto-__Prefix__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: atto-
trans_list: atto-
sense:
In the International System of Units and other metric systems of units, multiplying the unit to which it is attached by 10−18 (short scale quintillionth or long scale trillionth). Symbol: a


lexentry: eng/attorney-in-fact__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: attorney-in-fact
trans_list: pełnomocnik | plenipotent
sense:
(US, legal) An agent of the person giving him/her the power of attorney (for a specific purpose or for general purposes) to act on his or her behalf. The attorney-in-fact’s power and responsibilities depend on the specific powers granted in the power of attorney document.


lexentry: eng/attorney_general__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: attorney general
trans_list: prokurator generalny
sense:
A major government officer throughout the English-speaking world, generally responsible for interpreting the law for the head of government and executive department and functioning as chief prosecutor, with the ability to bring civil and criminal actions directly.


lexentry: eng/attract__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: attract
trans_list: pociągać
sense:
(transitive) To draw by moral, emotional or sexual influence; to engage or fix, as the mind, attention, etc.; to invite or allure.


lexentry: eng/attractor__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: attractor
trans_list: atraktor
sense:
(mathematics, physics) A set of points or states to which a dynamical system evolves after a long enough time. That is, points that get close enough to the attractor remain close even if slightly disturbed.


lexentry: eng/attributive_adjective__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: attributive adjective
trans_list: epitet
sense:
(grammar) An adjective that modifies the head of the noun phrase in which it occurs; an adjective that precedes the word or phrase it modifies.


lexentry: eng/attrition__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: attrition
trans_list: zmniejszenie
sense:
(human resources) A gradual, natural reduction in membership or personnel, as through injury, incapacitation, retirement, resignation, or death.


lexentry: eng/au_pair__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: au pair
trans_list: au pair
sense:
A single girl (or, rarely, a boy), usually a foreigner, who helps a host family with childcare, housework, or both while staying as a guest with a host family, and generally receives a small allowance (or pocket money).


lexentry: eng/auctioneer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: auctioneer
trans_list: aukcjoner
sense:
An individual who conducts an auction on behalf of a vendor, accepting bids to find the best price for the vendor.


lexentry: eng/audience__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: audience
trans_list: publika | widownia | audytorium
sense:
A group of people within hearing; specifically, a large gathering of people listening to or watching a performance, speech, etc. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/audience_hall__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: audience hall
trans_list: aula
sense:
A room in which a ruler or religious official holds audience (i.e. a formal meeting with a dignitary).


lexentry: eng/audio_guide__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: audio guide
trans_list: audioprzewodnik
sense:
Any of various forms of apparatus, either fixed or mobile, used to provide audio information at an exhibition, archeological site etc.


lexentry: eng/audiobook__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: audiobook
trans_list: audiobook | książka mówiona
sense:
A recording, usually made available for sale, of a reading of the full text or of an abridgement of a book.


lexentry: eng/audiology__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: audiology
trans_list: audiologia
sense:
An allied health profession pertaining to the assessment and rehabilitation of hearing and balance disorders.


lexentry: eng/audiometry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: audiometry
trans_list: audiometria
sense:
(medicine) The quantitative assessment of a person's hearing ability, especially by means of an audiometer.


lexentry: eng/audit__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: audit
trans_list: audyt
sense:
An independent review and examination of records and activities to assess the adequacy of system controls, to ensure compliance with established policies and operational procedures, and to recommend necessary changes in controls, policies, or procedures


lexentry: eng/auditor__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: auditor
trans_list: audytor
sense:
In many jurisdictions, an elected or appointed public official in charge of the public accounts; a comptroller.


lexentry: eng/augite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: augite
trans_list: augit
sense:
(mineral) A variety of pyroxene, usually of a black or dark green color, occurring in igneous rocks, such as basalt.


lexentry: eng/augment__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: augment
trans_list: augment
sense:
(Indo-European languages) In some languages, a prefix *é- (अ- in Sanskrit, ἐ- in Greek) indicating a past tense of a verb.


lexentry: eng/augmentation__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: augmentation
trans_list: augmentacja | powiększenie
sense:
(heraldry) A particular mark of honour, granted by the sovereign in consideration of some noble action, or by favour; and either quartered with the family arms, or on an escutcheon or canton.


lexentry: eng/augmentation__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: augmentation
trans_list: augmentacja
sense:
(music) A compositional technique where the composer lengthens the melody by lengthening its note values.


lexentry: eng/augur__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: augur
trans_list: augur | wróżbita | wróżbitka
sense:
A diviner who foretells events by the behaviour of birds or other animals, or by signs derived from celestial phenomena, or unusual occurrences.


lexentry: eng/augur__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: augur
trans_list: przepowiadać | wróżyć | zapowiadać
sense:
To foretell events; to exhibit signs of future events; to indicate a favorable or an unfavorable outcome.


lexentry: eng/aunt__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: aunt
trans_list: ciotka | ciocia
sense:
(affectionate) A woman of an older generation than oneself, especially a friend of one's parents, by means of fictive kin.


lexentry: eng/auricular__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: auricular
trans_list: audialny | audytywny | słuchowy | uszny
sense:
(art, relational) Pertaining to a style of ornamental decoration, originating in Northern Europe in the first half of the 17th century, that uses softly flowing abstract shapes in relief some of which bear a resemblance to the human ear; commonly used in silverware, picture frames, and architecture.


lexentry: eng/aurora__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aurora
trans_list: zorza polarna | aurora | zorza poranna
sense:
An atmospheric phenomenon created by charged particles from the sun striking the upper atmosphere, creating coloured lights in the sky. It is usually named australis or borealis based on whether it is in the Southern or Northern Hemisphere respectively.


lexentry: eng/auscultation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: auscultation
trans_list: auskultacja
sense:
(medicine) Diagnosis of disorders by listening to the sounds of the internal organs, usually using a stethoscope.


lexentry: eng/autarky__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: autarky
trans_list: autarkia | autarchia | autarkizm
sense:
(uncountable) (A policy of) national economic self-sufficiency, aimed at ending reliance on foreign imports to sustain a domestic economy.


lexentry: eng/auteur__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: auteur
trans_list: autor
sense:
A creative artist, especially a film director, seen as having a specific, recognisable artistic vision, and who is seen as the single or preeminent ‘author’ of their works.


lexentry: eng/authenticate__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: authenticate
trans_list: okazać
sense:
(transitive) To render authentic; to give authority to, by the proof, attestation, or formalities required by law, or sufficient to entitle to credit.


lexentry: eng/authenticity__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: authenticity
trans_list: autentyczność | prawdziwość | autentyka | autentyzm
sense:
The quality of being genuine or not corrupted from the original, of having the same origin (or attribution, commitment, intention, etc.) as claimed.


lexentry: eng/author__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: author
trans_list: autor | autorka
sense:
The originator or creator of a work, especially of a literary composition; or, one of the creators of a collaborative work.


lexentry: eng/authoritarian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: authoritarian
trans_list: autorytarny | autorytatywny
sense:
Of, or relating to, or exhibiting strict obedience to an authority; favoring authoritarianism over civic and individual liberties.


lexentry: eng/authoritarianism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: authoritarianism
trans_list: autorytaryzm
sense:
A form of government in which the governing body has absolute, or almost absolute, control. Typically this control is maintained by force, and little heed is paid to public opinion or the judicial system.


lexentry: eng/authority__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: authority
trans_list: autorytet | władza | powaga
sense:
(uncountable) Power or right to make or enforce rules or give orders; or a position having such power or right.


lexentry: eng/authorization__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: authorization
trans_list: umocowanie | upoważnienie | zezwolenie
sense:
(uncountable) The state of being authorized to do something or to be somewhere; formally granted permission.


lexentry: eng/authorize__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: authorize
trans_list: autoryzować
sense:
(transitive) To grant (someone) the permission or power necessary to do (something); to permit; to sanction or consent to.


lexentry: eng/autism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: autism
trans_list: autyzm
sense:
(clinical psychology) A pervasive neurological condition that is observable in early childhood and persists throughout the lifespan, characterised by atypical communication, language development, eye contact, and sensory experiences.


lexentry: eng/autism__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: autism
trans_list: autyzm
sense:
(clinical psychology, obsolete) A diagnosis involving a pathological tendency to engage in self-centered fantasy thinking, historically considered a symptom of insanity and/or schizophrenia.


lexentry: eng/auto_racing__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: auto racing
trans_list: automobilizm | sport samochodowy
sense:
(motor racing) Any of various sports in which automobiles (motor cars) are raced, either around a track, on roads or across country


lexentry: eng/auto_rickshaw__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: auto rickshaw
trans_list: autoriksza
sense:
A motorized rickshaw of South, Southeast and East Asia, often available for hire in the manner of a taxi.


lexentry: eng/autoblock__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: autoblock
trans_list: bloker
sense:
(climbing) A technique used in rappelling and ascending, with a friction hitch around the climbing rope.


lexentry: eng/autocephaly__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: autocephaly
trans_list: autokefalia
sense:
(Christianity) The condition where a church's leaders have severed ties to a larger body and thus no longer report to a higher authority.


lexentry: eng/autochory__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: autochory
trans_list: autochoria | samosiewność
sense:
(ecology) Self-dispersal of seeds, the physical and often explosive discharge of seeds from the fruit.


lexentry: eng/autochthon__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: autochthon
trans_list: autochton
sense:
(geology) A large mass of rock in the place of its original formation, rooted to its basement (foundation rock) as opposed to an allochthon or nappe which has shifted from the place of formation; an autochthonous rock formation.


lexentry: eng/autoclave__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: autoclave
trans_list: autoklaw
sense:
A strong, pressurized, heated vessel, as for laboratory experiments, sterilization, cooking or mineral processing.


lexentry: eng/autocratic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: autocratic
trans_list: autokratyczny | absolutystyczny | jedynowładczy
sense:
Of or pertaining to autocracy or to an autocrat; absolute; holding independent and arbitrary powers of government.


lexentry: eng/autocross__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: autocross
trans_list: autocross
sense:
A form of motorsport that tests the skill and speed of a driver over a course marked out with traffic cones


lexentry: eng/autocycle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: autocycle
trans_list: autocykl
sense:
A vehicle somewhat like a moped, having a small motor where the pedals would be, and a petrol tank located within the frame.


lexentry: eng/autofocus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: autofocus
trans_list: autofocus | autofokus
sense:
(electronics, photography) A feature of some cameras and other optical systems that allows a correct focus on the subject to be obtained automatically


lexentry: eng/autogamy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: autogamy
trans_list: autogamia | samopylność | samozapłodnienie
sense:
Self-fertilization, the fertilizing pollen being derived from the same blossom as the pistil acted upon.


lexentry: eng/autogenic_training__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: autogenic training
trans_list: trening autogeniczny
sense:
A type of self-hypnotic relaxation technique developed by German psychiatrist Johannes Heinrich Schultz.


lexentry: eng/autogiro__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: autogiro
trans_list: autożyro | wiatrakowiec
sense:
(aircraft) An aircraft in which lift is provided by unpowered rotating wings and thrust is provided by a conventional propeller.


lexentry: eng/autogynephilia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: autogynephilia
trans_list: autoginefilia
sense:
In Ray Blanchard's transsexualism typology, the proposed paraphilic tendency of someone who is anatomically male to be sexually aroused by the thought of being a female, sometimes framed as a form of gender identity disorder or transvestic fetishism.


lexentry: eng/autohemotherapy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: autohemotherapy
trans_list: autohemoterapia
sense:
(medicine) The intramuscular or subcutaneous, immediate hypodermic reinjection of blood previously removed from the patient.


lexentry: eng/autolysis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: autolysis
trans_list: autoliza
sense:
(pathology, cytology) The destruction of an organism's cells by enzymes produced by the organism itself.


lexentry: eng/automagical__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: automagical
trans_list: automagiczny
sense:
(computing, technology, informal) Automatic, but with an apparent element of magic. Commonly referring to complex technical processes hidden from the view of users or operators, resulting in technology that "just works".


lexentry: eng/automated_teller_machine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: automated teller machine
trans_list: bankomat
sense:
(banking) A device that provides bank customers with cash withdrawal and other services without the need for a human teller.


lexentry: eng/automatic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: automatic
trans_list: automatyczny
sense:
(of a firearm such as a machine gun) Firing continuously as long as the trigger is pressed until ammunition is exhausted.


lexentry: eng/automatic_transmission__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: automatic transmission
trans_list: automat
sense:
(automotive) A vehicle transmission which shifts gears automatically in response to vehicle speed and/or load, and does not require any driver input to manually change gears under normal driving conditions; an automatic gearbox.


lexentry: eng/automation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: automation
trans_list: automatyzacja
sense:
The act or process of converting the controlling of a machine or device to a more automatic system, such as computer or electronic controls.


lexentry: eng/automatism__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: automatism
trans_list: automatyzm
sense:
(countable, psychology) An action performed subconsciously, without any apparent direction from the mind; a thought which appears spontaneously in one's consciousness.


lexentry: eng/automaton__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: automaton
trans_list: automat
sense:
A person who acts like a machine or robot, often defined as having a monotonous lifestyle and lacking in emotion.


lexentry: eng/automobile__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: automobile
trans_list: samochód | auto | automobil | fura
sense:
(US, Canada, Philippines, AU, NZ) A type of motor vehicle designed to move on the ground under its own stored power and intended to carry a driver, a small number of additional passengers, and a very limited amount of other load. A car or motorcar.


lexentry: eng/autonomic_nervous_system__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: autonomic nervous system
trans_list: autonomiczny układ nerwowy | wegetatywny układ nerwowy
sense:
(neuroanatomy) In humans and other vertebrates, the part of the nervous system that regulates the involuntary activity of the heart, intestines and glands. These activities include digestion, respiration, perspiration, metabolism, and the modulation of blood pressure.


lexentry: eng/autonomous__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: autonomous
trans_list: autonomiczny | samodzielny
sense:
Acting on one's own or independently; of a child, acting without being governed by parental or guardian rules.


lexentry: eng/autonomous_oblast__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: autonomous oblast
trans_list: obwód autonomiczny
sense:
One of the administrative divisions of the former Soviet Union created for certain “smaller” nations and characterized by following features: they were given an autonomy within a union republic or, in the RSFSR, within a krai; had a status lower than an autonomous republic; had a different titular nation from that of their union republic/krai. Abbreviated as AO.


lexentry: eng/autonomous_sensory_meridian_response__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: autonomous sensory meridian response
trans_list: samoistna odpowiedź meridianów czuciowych
sense:
A frisson characterized by a tingling sensation on the skin that typically begins on the scalp and moves down the back of the neck and upper spine.


lexentry: eng/autonomous_vehicle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: autonomous vehicle
trans_list: samochód autonomiczny
sense:
A vehicle that uses mechatronics, artificial intelligence and a multi-agent system to assist its human operator.


lexentry: eng/autonomy__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: autonomy
trans_list: autonomia | autonomiczność
sense:
(mechanics, uncountable) The capacity of a system to make a decision about its actions without the involvement of another system or operator.


lexentry: eng/autonomy__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: autonomy
trans_list: autonomia | autonomiczność
sense:
(Christianity, uncountable) The status of a church whose highest-ranking bishop is appointed by the patriarch of the mother church, but which is self-governing in all other respects. Compare autocephaly.


lexentry: eng/autophagy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: autophagy
trans_list: autofagia | autofagocytoza
sense:
(cytology) The process of self-digestion by a cell through the action of enzymes originating within the same cell, and often a defensive or self-preservation measure.


lexentry: eng/autopilot__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: autopilot
trans_list: automatyczny pilot | autopilot
sense:
(aviation, nautical) A mechanical, electrical, or hydraulic system used to guide a vehicle without assistance from a human being.


lexentry: eng/autoplasty__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: autoplasty
trans_list: przeszczep
sense:
(medicine, surgery, dated) The process of artificially repairing lesions by taking a piece of healthy tissue, as from a neighboring part, to supply the deficiency caused by disease or wounds. In present-day contexts likelier to be called autotransplantation or autografting.


lexentry: eng/autoprotolysis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: autoprotolysis
trans_list: autojonizacja | autoprotoliza
sense:
(chemistry) The autoionization of water (or similar compounds) in which a proton (hydrogen ion) is transferred to form a cation and an anion e.g. 2H2O => H3O+ + OH-


lexentry: eng/autoregulation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: autoregulation
trans_list: autoregulacja
sense:
(biology) Any of several physiological processes in which an inhibitory feedback system counteracts change.


lexentry: eng/autotelic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: autotelic
trans_list: autoteliczny
sense:
(psychology, of an activity, process, person or personality) Containing its own meaning or purpose; deriving meaning and purpose from within.


lexentry: eng/autotherapy__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: autotherapy
trans_list: autoterapia
sense:
(medicine) Treament of a disease by administration of filtrates from the patient's own pathological secretions, such as the ingestion of discharge from wounds.


lexentry: eng/autotomy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: autotomy
trans_list: autotomia
sense:
(chiefly, _, zoology) The spontaneous removal of a limb, tail etc, especially by some invertebrates as a self-defense mechanism.


lexentry: eng/autotroph__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: autotroph
trans_list: autotrof
sense:
(ecology) Any organism that can synthesize its food from inorganic substances, using heat or light as a source of energy.


lexentry: eng/autotrophy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: autotrophy
trans_list: autotrofia | autotrofizm | samożywność
sense:
(biology) The synthesis of food from inorganic substances, using heat or light as a source of energy


lexentry: eng/autumn__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: autumn
trans_list: jesień
sense:
Traditionally the third of the four seasons, when deciduous trees lose their leaves; typically regarded as being from September 24 to December 22 in parts of the Northern Hemisphere, and the months of March, April and May in the Southern Hemisphere.


lexentry: eng/autumn__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: autumn
trans_list: jesień
sense:
(fashion) A person with relatively dark hair and a warm skin tone, seen as best suited to certain colours in clothing.


lexentry: eng/autumnal_equinox__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: autumnal equinox
trans_list: równonoc jesienna
sense:
(astronomy) The moment when the sun appears to cross the celestial equator while tilting away from the observer, taking place in September in the northern hemisphere and March in the southern hemisphere.


lexentry: eng/auxiliary_verb__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: auxiliary verb
trans_list: czasownik posiłkowy
sense:
(grammar) A verb that accompanies the main verb in a clause in order to make distinctions in tense, mood, voice or aspect.


lexentry: eng/auxin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: auxin
trans_list: auksyna
sense:
(botany, hormone) A class of plant growth substance (often called phytohormones or plant hormones) which play an essential role in coordination of many growth and behavioral processes in the plant life cycle.


lexentry: eng/avail__Verb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: avail
trans_list: chwytać
sense:
(intransitive) To be of use or advantage; to answer or serve the purpose; to have strength, force, or efficacy sufficient to accomplish the object.


lexentry: eng/aval__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aval
trans_list: awal
sense:
(finance, law) A financial guarantee by a third party to assume the burden of a debt, especially a bill of exchange in the event of default.


lexentry: eng/avalanche__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: avalanche
trans_list: lawina | awalansza
sense:
A large mass or body of snow and ice sliding swiftly down a mountain side, or falling down a precipice.


lexentry: eng/avalanche__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: avalanche
trans_list: lawina
sense:
(by extension) A sudden, great, or irresistible descent or influx; anything like an avalanche in suddenness and overwhelming quantity.


lexentry: eng/avania__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: avania
trans_list: afront
sense:
(historical) A tax or fee imposed on foreigners under the Ottoman Empire, especially one considered to be irregular or extortionate.


lexentry: eng/avaricious__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: avaricious
trans_list: chciwy | skąpy
sense:
Actuated by avarice; extremely greedy for wealth or material gain; immoderately desirous of accumulating property.


lexentry: eng/avatar__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: avatar
trans_list: awatar | awatara | personifikacja | ucieleśnienie
sense:
(internet, video games) A complex and dynamic digital representation of a person or being in the form of a digital model, used online as a simulation or emulation of a person, or as a person's online alter ego, in a virtual world, virtual chat room, or metaverse.


lexentry: eng/avenge__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: avenge
trans_list: pomścić | mścić | zemścić
sense:
(transitive) To take vengeance (for); to exact satisfaction for by punishing the injuring party; to vindicate by inflicting pain or evil on a wrongdoer.


lexentry: eng/aventail__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aventail
trans_list: kołnierz
sense:
A curtain or flap of chainmail, fastened to a helmet, or to a coif (hood) of mail, covering the lower face, neck, and shoulders.


lexentry: eng/aventurine__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: aventurine
trans_list: awanturyn | awenturyn | kwarc awenturynowy
sense:
(mineral, by extension) A variety of translucent quartz, spangled throughout with scales of yellow mica.


lexentry: eng/avenue__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: avenue
trans_list: aleja | podjazd
sense:
The principal walk or approach to a house which is withdrawn from the road, especially, such approach bordered on each side by trees; any broad passageway thus bordered.


lexentry: eng/aviary__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aviary
trans_list: ptaszarnia
sense:
A house, enclosure, large cage, or other place for keeping birds confined; a birdhouse. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/aviator__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aviator
trans_list: lotnik | awiator
sense:
An aircraft pilot, especially a military pilot. The use of the word may imply claims of superior airmanship, as in navy aviator vs. air force pilot.


lexentry: eng/avionics__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: avionics
trans_list: awionika
sense:
(aviation) The science and technology of the development and use of electrical and electronic devices in aviation.


lexentry: eng/avocet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: avocet
trans_list: szablodziób
sense:
Any of four species of wading birds in the genus Recurvirostra, of the family Recurvirostridae, with long, slender recurved bills, long legs, and webbed feet. It is the logo of the RSPB (Royal Society for the Protection of Birds)


lexentry: eng/avoidance__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: avoidance
trans_list: uniknięcie
sense:
(obsolete) The act of becoming vacant, or the state of being vacant, specifically used for the state of a benefice becoming void by the death, deprivation, or resignation of the incumbent.


lexentry: eng/avow__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: avow
trans_list: przyznawać
sense:
(transitive) To declare openly and boldly, as something believed to be right; to own, acknowledge or confess frankly.


lexentry: eng/award__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: award
trans_list: nagroda | odznaczenie
sense:
A trophy or medal; something that denotes an accomplishment, especially in a competition. A prize or honor based on merit.


lexentry: eng/awl__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: awl
trans_list: szydło
sense:
A pointed instrument for piercing small holes, as in leather or wood; used by shoemakers, saddlers, cabinetmakers, etc. The blade is differently shaped and pointed for different uses, as in the brad awl, saddler's awl, shoemaker's awl, etc.


lexentry: eng/awning__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: awning
trans_list: markiza
sense:
A rooflike cover, usually of canvas, extended over or before any place as a shelter from the sun, rain, or wind.


lexentry: eng/axe__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: axe
trans_list: siekiera | topór
sense:
A tool for felling trees or chopping wood etc. consisting of a heavy head flattened to a blade on one side, and a handle attached to it.


lexentry: eng/axil__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: axil
trans_list: pacha
sense:
(botany) The angle or point of divergence between the upper side of a branch, leaf, or petiole, and the stem or branch from which it springs.


lexentry: eng/axinite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: axinite
trans_list: aksynit
sense:
(mineral) A borosilicate of aluminum, iron, and lime, commonly found in glassy, brown crystals with acute edges.


lexentry: eng/axiology__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: axiology
trans_list: aksjologia
sense:
(uncountable, philosophy) The study of value(s), as regards origin, nature, functions, types, and interrelations; value theory.


lexentry: eng/axiom__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: axiom
trans_list: aksjomat | pewnik
sense:
(philosophy) A seemingly self-evident or necessary truth which is based on assumption; a principle or proposition which cannot actually be proved or disproved.


lexentry: eng/axiom__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: axiom
trans_list: aksjomat | pewnik
sense:
(logic, mathematics, proof theory) A fundamental assumption that serves as a basis for deduction of theorems; a postulate (sometimes distinguished from postulates as being universally applicable, whereas postulates are particular to a certain science or context).


lexentry: eng/axiom_of_choice__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: axiom of choice
trans_list: aksjomat wyboru | pewnik wyboru
sense:
(set theory) One of the axioms of set theory, equivalent to the statement that an arbitrary direct product of non-empty sets is non-empty; any version of said axiom, for example specifying the cardinality of the number of sets from which choices are made.


lexentry: eng/axiom_of_extensionality__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: axiom of extensionality
trans_list: aksjomat ekstensjonalności
sense:
(set theory) One of the axioms in axiomatic set theory, equivalent to the statement that two sets are equal if and only if they contain the same elements.


lexentry: eng/axiom_of_infinity__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: axiom of infinity
trans_list: aksjomat nieskończoności
sense:
(set theory) One of the axioms in axiomatic set theory that guarantees the existence of an infinite set.


lexentry: eng/axiom_of_pairing__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: axiom of pairing
trans_list: aksjomat pary
sense:
(set theory) One of the axioms in axiomatic set theory, equivalent to the statement that if two sets exist, there exists a set with those two sets as its sole elements.


lexentry: eng/axiom_of_regularity__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: axiom of regularity
trans_list: aksjomat regularności
sense:
(set theory) One of the axioms in axiomatic set theory, equivalent to the statement that every non-empty set contains a member that is disjoint from that set.


lexentry: eng/axiom_of_union__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: axiom of union
trans_list: aksjomat sumy
sense:
(set theory) One of the axioms in axiomatic set theory, equivalent to the statement that a union exists for any set, containing exactly all the elements contained within the sets within that set.


lexentry: eng/axion__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: axion
trans_list: aksjon
sense:
(physics) A hypothetical subatomic particle postulated to resolve certain symmetry problems concerning the strong nuclear force.


lexentry: eng/axis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: axis
trans_list: oś
sense:
(geometry) An imaginary line around which an object spins (an axis of rotation) or is symmetrically arranged (an axis of symmetry).


lexentry: eng/axis__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: axis
trans_list: oś
sense:
(mathematics) A fixed one-dimensional figure, such as a line or arc, with an origin and orientation and such that its points are in one-to-one correspondence with a set of numbers; an axis forms part of the basis of a space or is used to position and locate data in a graph (a coordinate axis)


lexentry: eng/axis_of_evil__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: axis of evil
trans_list: oś zła
sense:
A group of states accused by George W. Bush of sponsoring terrorism and seeking weapons of mass destruction, originally defined as Iran, Iraq, and North Korea.


lexentry: eng/axletree__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: axletree
trans_list: łodyga
sense:
A bar or beam of wood or iron, connecting the opposite wheels of a carriage, on the ends of which the wheels revolve.


lexentry: eng/axon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: axon
trans_list: akson | neuryt
sense:
(cytology) A nerve fibre which is a long slender projection of a nerve cell, and which conducts nerve impulses away from the body of the cell to a synapse.


lexentry: eng/axonometric__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: axonometric
trans_list: aksonometryczny
sense:
(technical drawing) Describing a projection in which the horizontal and vertical axes are to the same scale, but the third axis is reduced to allow for perspective


lexentry: eng/aye-aye__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aye-aye
trans_list: palczak madagaskarski | palczak
sense:
The lemur Daubentonia madagascariensis, a solitary nocturnal quadruped found in Madagascar and remarkable for its long fingers, sharp nails, and rodent-like incisor teeth.


lexentry: eng/aye_aye,_sir__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aye aye, sir
trans_list: tak jest
sense:
(idiomatic, nautical) The correct and seamanlike reply, onboard a Royal Navy (or US Navy) ship, on receipt of an order from someone of senior rank or authority. It means "I understand the command and hasten to comply with the order."


lexentry: eng/azeotrope__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: azeotrope
trans_list: azeotrop
sense:
(physics) A mixture of two or more substances whose liquid and gaseous forms have the same composition (at a certain pressure); the substances cannot be separated by normal distillation.


lexentry: eng/azimuth__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: azimuth
trans_list: azymut
sense:
An arc of the horizon intercepted between the meridian of the place and a vertical circle passing through the center of any object.


lexentry: eng/azo_compound__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: azo compound
trans_list: azozwiązek
sense:
(organic compound) an organic compound of the general formula R-N=N-R1; they are often colored and are the basis of many synthetic dyes; a diazene


lexentry: eng/azotometer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: azotometer
trans_list: azotometr
sense:
(inorganic chemistry, obsolete) An apparatus for measuring or determining the proportion of nitrogen.


lexentry: eng/azure__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: azure
trans_list: błękit | lazur
sense:
(countable, and, uncountable) The clear blue colour of the sky; also, a pigment or dye of this colour.


lexentry: eng/azurite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: azurite
trans_list: azuryt
sense:
(mineral) A blue vitreous mineral; a basic hydrated copper carbonate, with the chemical formula Cu2+3(CO3)2(OH)2, used since antiquity as a blue pigment or ores to extract metallic copper.


lexentry: eng/baba_ganoush__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: baba ganoush
trans_list: baba ghanoush
sense:
A Middle Eastern dish made from a purée of roasted aubergine (eggplant), garlic, and tahini, often eaten as a dip with bread.


lexentry: eng/babiroussa__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: babiroussa
trans_list: babirussa
sense:
Any large hoglike quadruped, of the genus Babyrousa, found in the East Indies, sometimes domesticated, with its upper canine teeth or tusks large and recurved.


lexentry: eng/babirusa__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: babirusa
trans_list: babirusa
sense:
Any of several mammals in the genus Babyrousa in the pig family Suidae, in which the upper tusk grows upward.


lexentry: eng/babka__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: babka
trans_list: babka
sense:
A Central and Eastern European coffee cake flavored with orange rind, rum, almonds, and raisins; or with some single flavoring, e.g. chocolate, lemon, etc.


lexentry: eng/baboon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: baboon
trans_list: pawian
sense:
An Old World monkey of the genus Papio, having dog-like muzzles and large canine teeth, cheek pouches, a short tail, and naked callosities on the buttocks. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]


lexentry: eng/babushka__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: babushka
trans_list: chusta
sense:
(Northern US) A traditional floral headscarf worn by an Eastern European woman, tied under the chin.


lexentry: eng/baby's_breath__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: baby's breath
trans_list: obłok
sense:
A genus, Gypsophila, of about 100 species of flowering plants in the family Caryophyllaceae, native to Europe, Asia and north Africa.


lexentry: eng/baby__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: baby
trans_list: niemowlę | niemowlak | dzidziuś | dziecko | maluch
sense:
A very young human, particularly from birth to a couple of years old or until walking is fully mastered.


lexentry: eng/baby__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: baby
trans_list: kochanie | skarb
sense:
A person's romantic partner; a term of endearment used to refer to or address one's girlfriend, boyfriend or spouse.


lexentry: eng/baby_boom__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: baby boom
trans_list: wyż demograficzny
sense:
(singulare tantum) The increase in the birth rate following the return of servicemen at the end of World War II.


lexentry: eng/baby_face__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: baby face
trans_list: słodki
sense:
(professional wrestling, slang) A headlining wrestler with a persona embodying heroic or virtuous traits and who is regarded as a "good guy", especially one who is handsome and well-conditioned.


lexentry: eng/baby_hatch__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: baby hatch
trans_list: okno życia
sense:
A place where a person (typically the mother) can bring a baby to abandon it so that somebody else can find and care for it.


lexentry: eng/baby_powder__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: baby powder
trans_list: zasypka
sense:
An astringent powder used for preventing diaper rash, as a deodorant, and for other cosmetic purposes.


lexentry: eng/babysitter__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: babysitter
trans_list: baby-sitterka
sense:
A person who cares for one or more babies or children for a short period of time in place of their legal guardians.


lexentry: eng/baccalaureate__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: baccalaureate
trans_list: bakalaureat
sense:
A high school completion exam and qualification awarded in many countries (e.g. Finland, France, Moldova, Romania), designed to enable students to go on to higher education.


lexentry: eng/baccarat__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: baccarat
trans_list: bakarat
sense:
(card games) A card game resembling chemin de fer with many forms - usually entailing the player(s) betting against two or three hands dealt - also bearing some similarities to blackjack.


lexentry: eng/bachelor_pad__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bachelor pad
trans_list: garsoniera
sense:
(US) A nice, well-furnished dwelling where an unmarried man lives, usually by himself, but sometimes with other men.


lexentry: eng/bachelor_party__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bachelor party
trans_list: wieczór kawalerski
sense:
(US, Canada, South Africa) A party held for a man who is about to be married, normally attended only by male friends and relatives.


lexentry: eng/bacillus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bacillus
trans_list: laseczka | pałeczka
sense:
Any of various rod-shaped, spore-forming aerobic bacteria in the genus Bacillus, some of which cause disease.


lexentry: eng/back-formation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: back-formation
trans_list: derywacja wsteczna
sense:
(uncountable, linguistics) The process by which a new word is formed from an older word by interpreting the former as a derivative of the latter, often by removing a morpheme (real or perceived) from the older word, such as the verb burgle, formed by removing -ar (perceived as an agent-noun suffix) from burglar.


lexentry: eng/back-of-the-envelope__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: back-of-the-envelope
trans_list: kapsel do piwa
sense:
(idiomatic, informal) Especially of a calculation, estimation, or other reasoning, or an idea: approximate, rough, simplified. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/back-seat_driver__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: back-seat driver
trans_list: pasażer dający niepożądane rady
sense:
A person sitting (typically) in the back seat of a car issuing (unsolicited and usually unwanted) instructions to the driver.


lexentry: eng/back-seat_driver__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: back-seat driver
trans_list: niepożądany doradca | pasażer dający niepożądane rady
sense:
(figuratively) An opinionated person who offers (unsolicited and often unwanted) advice on the best way to handle a situation.


lexentry: eng/back-translation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: back-translation
trans_list: retranslacja
sense:
(translation studies, uncountable) The process of translating a previously translated document back into the original language.


lexentry: eng/back-transliteration__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: back-transliteration
trans_list: transliteracja wteczna
sense:
(translation studies, uncountable) The process of transliterating a transliteration back into the original script.


lexentry: eng/back__Adjective__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: back
trans_list: tylny | zadni
sense:
(comparable, phonetics) Pronounced with the highest part of the body of the tongue toward the back of the mouth, near the soft palate (most often describing a vowel).


lexentry: eng/back__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: back
trans_list: plecy | tył | koniec | oparcie
sense:
The rear of the body, especially the part between the neck and the end of the spine and opposite the chest and belly.


lexentry: eng/back_and_forth__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: back and forth
trans_list: ruch tam i z powrotem
sense:
The movement (of someone or something) forward followed by a return to the same position. May refer to a concept such as an emotional state or a relationship as well as a physical thing.


lexentry: eng/back_away__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: back away
trans_list: odkładać
sense:
(intransitive) To move in a direction opposite to that which one is facing, keeping one's attention on the thing in front being avoided.


lexentry: eng/back_cover__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: back cover
trans_list: grzbiet
sense:
The cover on the opposite side of the front cover of a book, magazine, etc; back of the book; associated with sports pages in publications.


lexentry: eng/back_down__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: back down
trans_list: dać za wygraną | dawać za wygraną | wycofać
sense:
(idiomatic) To take a less aggressive position in a conflict than one previously has or has planned to.


lexentry: eng/back_in_the_day__Prepositional_phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: back in the day
trans_list: kiedyś | powrotem w dzień
sense:
(temporal location, idiomatic, informal) In the distant past; especially, at a time fondly remembered (the good old days).


lexentry: eng/back_street__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: back street
trans_list: zaułek
sense:
A usually small and narrow street or alley, especially one in inferior or poorer parts of a city, away from the centre.


lexentry: eng/back_vowel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: back vowel
trans_list: samogłoska tylna
sense:
(phonetics) Any vowel sound produced in the back of the mouth, such as /uː/ in rule or /əʊ/ in pole.


lexentry: eng/backbencher__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: backbencher
trans_list: członek parlamentu
sense:
(politics) A Member of Parliament who does not have cabinet rank, and who therefore sits on one of the backbenches or in one of the back rows of the legislature.


lexentry: eng/backbend__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: backbend
trans_list: most
sense:
(gymnastics, dance) A move in which the performer bends backwards until the hands touch the floor or catches him/herself with the hands.


lexentry: eng/backbone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: backbone
trans_list: kręgosłup
sense:
The series of vertebrae, separated by disks, that encloses and protects the spinal cord, and runs down the middle of the back in vertebrate animals.


lexentry: eng/backgammon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: backgammon
trans_list: tryktrak | nardy
sense:
A board game for two players in which each has 15 stones which move between 24 triangular points according to the roll of a pair of dice; the object is to move all of one's pieces around, and bear them off the board.


lexentry: eng/background_music__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: background music
trans_list: podkład
sense:
(music) Any music in a film, video game, or other medium that establishes mood and is not meant to have the audience's focus.


lexentry: eng/backhand__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: backhand
trans_list: bekhend
sense:
(tennis) a stroke made across the chest from the off-hand side to the racquet hand side; a stroke during which the back of the hand faces the shot.


lexentry: eng/backhanded_compliment__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: backhanded compliment
trans_list: dwuznaczny komplement
sense:
(idiomatic) An insult disguised as a compliment; a compliment which can be interpreted as an insult.


lexentry: eng/backheel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: backheel
trans_list: piętka | zagranie piętą
sense:
(soccer) A kick played by the heel which typically travels in the opposite direction from which the player is facing.


lexentry: eng/backhoe__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: backhoe
trans_list: koparkoładowarka
sense:
(chiefly, US, Canada, Australia) A multi-purpose tractor with a front-mounted loading bucket and a rear-mounted digging bucket. The tractor combines a front-end loader/loader (component) and an excavator/digger (component).


lexentry: eng/backlash__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: backlash
trans_list: luz
sense:
(mechanics) The looseness through which one part of connected machinery, such as a wheel, gear, piston, or screw, can be moved without moving the connected parts, or a measurement of the distance moved thereby; either intentional (as allowance) or unintentional (from error or wear).Wagon wheel structure showing felk


lexentry: eng/backpack__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: backpack
trans_list: plecak
sense:
A knapsack, sometimes mounted on a light frame, but always supported by straps, worn on a person’s back for the purpose of carrying things, especially when hiking, or on a student's back when carrying books.


lexentry: eng/backpacker__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: backpacker
trans_list: turysta z plecakiem | turystka z plecakiem
sense:
A traveler whose luggage consists of a backpack; especially, such a traveler who uses hostels, public transport, and other inexpensive services.


lexentry: eng/backpedal__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: backpedal
trans_list: wycofać się | wycofywać się
sense:
(intransitive, idiomatic) To distance oneself from an earlier claim or statement; back off from an idea.


lexentry: eng/backronym__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: backronym
trans_list: wtórny akronim
sense:
A word that is originally not an acronym but is turned into one by devising a full form for it, sometimes as a folk etymology, sometimes as a contrived acronym to name a new organization, proposal, or other entity.


lexentry: eng/backroom__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: backroom
trans_list: zaplecze
sense:
A room near the rear of a premises, especially one that is only accessible to a privileged few and can be used as an inconspicuous meeting place.


lexentry: eng/backside__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: backside
trans_list: tyłek
sense:
The back side of an estate: the backyard and outbuildings behind a main house, especially (UK, _, dialect, euphemism) an outhouse.


lexentry: eng/backspace__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: backspace
trans_list: ustępować
sense:
(computing) A keyboard key used for removing a character behind the cursor, and moving the cursor one position backwards.


lexentry: eng/backstab__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: backstab
trans_list: oszukiwać
sense:
(transitive) To attack someone (especially verbally) unfairly in a deceitful, underhand, or treacherous manner, especially when they're not present in the place or situation that it happens.


lexentry: eng/backstabber__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: backstabber
trans_list: żmija
sense:
A traitor or hypocrite, such as a co-worker or friend assumed trustworthy but who figuratively attacks when one's back is turned.


lexentry: eng/backstage__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: backstage
trans_list: arierscena | zascenie
sense:
The area behind a stage out of view of the audience where performers wait to give their show; especially that of the dressing rooms.


lexentry: eng/backstay__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: backstay
trans_list: achtersztag | aftersztag
sense:
(nautical) A part of the rigging of a sailing ship extending from the top of the mast (masthead) to the back of the ship; they support the strain on all upper masts and provide additional support to the shrouds when the wind is abaft the beam.


lexentry: eng/backstitch__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: backstitch
trans_list: stębnówka | ścieg stębnowy
sense:
(sewing) A type of sewing stitch where the stitch goes backwards on the top side of the fabric and doubles forward on the bottom, coming out farther in front, then repeats. The backstitch is a very tight and secure stitch, and also looks very neat.


lexentry: eng/backstory__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: backstory
trans_list: historia | przedakcja | realia
sense:
The previous experiences and life of a person, specifically (narratology, especially in, _, film, television) a character in a dramatic work.


lexentry: eng/backstroke__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: backstroke
trans_list: styl grzbietowy
sense:
(swimming) A stroke swum lying on one's back, while rotating both arms through the water as to propel the swimmer backwards.


lexentry: eng/backup__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: backup
trans_list: backup | kopia bezpieczeństwa | kopia zapasowa
sense:
(computing) A copy of a file or record, stored separately from the original, that can be used to recover the original if it is damaged or destroyed.


lexentry: eng/backward__Adjective__1
sense_num: 11
written_rep: backward
trans_list: archaiczny | przestarzały
sense:
(chess) Of a pawn, further behind than pawns of the same colour on adjacent files and unable to be moved forward safely.


lexentry: eng/backwardation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: backwardation
trans_list: deport
sense:
In full normal backwardation: the situation in a futures market where the price for future delivery of a commodity (the forward price) is lower than the price for immediate delivery (the spot price) or nearer delivery, generally arising from a near-term shortage of the commodity.


lexentry: eng/backwater__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: backwater
trans_list: prowincja | zaścianek
sense:
(idiomatic) A remote place; somewhere that remains unaffected by new events, progresses, ideas, etc.


lexentry: eng/bacteriochlorophyll__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bacteriochlorophyll
trans_list: bakteriochlorofil | chlorofil bakteryjny
sense:
(biology) A photosynthetic pigment occurring in various phototrophic bacteria, related to the chlorophylls.


lexentry: eng/bacteriology__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bacteriology
trans_list: bakteriologia
sense:
(biology, microbiology) The scientific study of bacteria, especially in relation to disease and agriculture.


lexentry: eng/bacteriostatic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bacteriostatic
trans_list: bakteriostatyczny
sense:
Of or relating to bacteriostasis or a bacteriostat; inhibiting the growth of bacteria without destroying them.


lexentry: eng/bad_apple__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bad apple
trans_list: czarna owca
sense:
(idiomatic, often, in the plural) A person who is not wholesome, honest, or trustworthy, especially one who has an adverse influence on others.


lexentry: eng/bad_breath__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bad breath
trans_list: Cuchnący oddech
sense:
(medicine, dentistry, informal) Breath that produces an unpleasant or foul-smelling odor when exhaled.


lexentry: eng/bad_debt__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bad debt
trans_list: nieściągalne należności | nieściągalne wierzytelności
sense:
(business, accounting) A debt which cannot be recovered from the debtor, either because the debtor lacks the money to pay or because the debtor cannot be found and/or forced to pay.


lexentry: eng/bad_faith__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bad faith
trans_list: zła wiara
sense:
(legal) Intent to deceive or mislead another to gain some advantage; dishonesty or fraud in a transaction (such as knowingly misrepresenting the quality of something that is being bought or sold).


lexentry: eng/bad_faith__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: bad faith
trans_list: zła wiara
sense:
(legal) A malicious motive by a party in a lawsuit. This has an effect on the ability to maintain causes of action and obtain legal remedies.


lexentry: eng/bad_trip__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bad trip
trans_list: bad trip
sense:
(slang, drug use) An acute adverse psychological reaction to effects produced under the influence of psychoactive substances, namely hallucinogens.


lexentry: eng/badass__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: badass
trans_list: hardkorowy | kozacki | okrutny | srogi | zajebisty | zarąbisty
sense:
(US, sometimes considered, _, vulgar, slang, positive connotation) Having an extreme appearance, attitude, or behavior that is considered admirable.


lexentry: eng/badass__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: badass
trans_list: chojrak | hardkor | kozak | sukinkot | zabijaka
sense:
(US, sometimes considered, vulgar, slang, negative connotation) A belligerent or mean person; a person with an unpleasantly extreme appearance, attitudes, or behavior.


lexentry: eng/badass__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: badass
trans_list: hardkor | kozak
sense:
(US, sometimes considered, vulgar, slang, positive connotation) A person considered impressive due to courage, skill, daring, audacity, and/or toughness.


lexentry: eng/badge__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: badge
trans_list: odznaka | blacha
sense:
A distinctive mark, token, sign, emblem or cognizance, worn on one’s clothing, as an insignia of some rank, or of the membership of an organization.


lexentry: eng/badge__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: badge
trans_list: odznaka | blacha
sense:
(heraldry) A distinctive mark worn by servants, retainers, and followers of royalty or nobility, who, being beneath the rank of gentlemen, have no right to armorial bearings.


lexentry: eng/badger__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: badger
trans_list: borsuk | jaźwiec
sense:
Any mammal of three subfamilies, which belong to the family Mustelidae: Melinae (Eurasian badgers), Mellivorinae (ratel or honey badger), and Taxideinae (American badger).


lexentry: eng/badminton__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: badminton
trans_list: badminton
sense:
(uncountable) A racquet sport played indoors on a court by two opposing players (singles) or two opposing pairs of players (doubles), in which a shuttlecock is volleyed over a net and the competitions are presided by an umpire in British English and a referee in American English.


lexentry: eng/bag__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bag
trans_list: torba | torebka
sense:
A container made of leather, plastic, or other material, usually with a handle or handles, in which you carry personal items, or clothes or other things that you need for travelling. Includes shopping bags, schoolbags, suitcases, briefcases, handbags, backpacks, etc.


lexentry: eng/bagatelle__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bagatelle
trans_list: bagatela
sense:
(literature, music) A short piece of literature or of instrumental music, typically light or playful in character.


lexentry: eng/baggage_claim__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: baggage claim
trans_list: odbiór bagażu
sense:
(US) The designated location for receiving checked luggage, such as the baggage carousels at an airport.


lexentry: eng/bagpipes__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bagpipes
trans_list: dudy
sense:
A musical wind instrument possessing a flexible bag inflated by bellows, a double-reed melody pipe and up to four drone pipes; any aerophone that produces sound using air from a reservoir to vibrate enclosed reeds.


lexentry: eng/baiji__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: baiji
trans_list: baji chiński
sense:
A freshwater dolphin (†Lipotes vexillifer), only found in the Yangtze River, and declared functionally extinct in 2006.


lexentry: eng/bail__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bail
trans_list: kaucja
sense:
(uncountable) Security, usually a sum of money, exchanged for the release of an arrested person as a guarantee of that person's appearance for trial.


lexentry: eng/bail_bond__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bail bond
trans_list: posesja
sense:
(US) A surety, used to obtain the release of a criminal defendant who has been required to give bail.


lexentry: eng/bailiff__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bailiff
trans_list: komornik | baliw
sense:
(historical, Norman term) A reeve, (specifically) the chief officer executing the decisions of any English court in the period following the Norman Conquest or executing the decisions of lower courts in the late medieval and early modern period.


lexentry: eng/bailiff__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bailiff
trans_list: baliw
sense:
(historical) A head of a district ("bailiwick") of the Knights Hospitaller; a head of one of the national associations ("tongues") of the Hospitallers' headquarters on Rhodes or Malta.


lexentry: eng/bain-marie__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bain-marie
trans_list: bemar
sense:
(cooking) A large pan containing hot water, into which other smaller pans are set in order to cook food slowly, or to keep food warm.


lexentry: eng/bait__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bait
trans_list: przynęta
sense:
Any substance, especially food, used in catching fish, or other animals, by alluring them to a hook, snare, trap, or net.


lexentry: eng/baize__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: baize
trans_list: baja
sense:
A thick, soft, usually woolen cloth resembling felt; often colored green and used for coverings on card tables, billiard and snooker tables, etc.


lexentry: eng/bake__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bake
trans_list: piec
sense:
(transitive, or, intransitive, or, ditransitive, with person as subject) To cook (something) in an oven (for someone).


lexentry: eng/baked_good__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: baked good
trans_list: pieczywo
sense:
(usually, in the plural) An item or class of items with a flour as a main ingredient, prepared by baking.


lexentry: eng/baking_powder__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: baking powder
trans_list: proszek do pieczenia
sense:
A dry leavening agent used in baking; a mixture of baking soda, an acid (often cream of tartar) and starch to keep it dry; when wetted, carbon dioxide is released.


lexentry: eng/baklava__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: baklava
trans_list: baklawa | baklava
sense:
A sweet pastry found in many cuisines of the Middle East and the Balkans, made of chopped nuts layered with phyllo pastry. [since c. 1650; modern spelling since 1800s]


lexentry: eng/balaclava__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: balaclava
trans_list: kominiarka
sense:
A type of warm headgear covering the neck, head, and often part of the face, with apertures left as necessary, often made out of wool.


lexentry: eng/balalaika__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: balalaika
trans_list: bałałajka | bałabajka
sense:
A plucked stringed instrument with a triangular body, short neck and three strings, of Russian origin.


lexentry: eng/balance__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: balance
trans_list: bilans
sense:
(uncountable) The overall result of conflicting forces, opinions etc.; the influence which ultimately "weighs" more than others.


lexentry: eng/balance__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: balance
trans_list: balansować
sense:
(transitive) To hold (an object or objects) precariously; to support on a narrow base, so as to keep from falling.


lexentry: eng/balance_of_power__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: balance of power
trans_list: równowaga sił
sense:
(politics, government) A situation of equilibrium in which no country is powerful enough to control, or threaten the interests of, the others.


lexentry: eng/balance_of_terror__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: balance of terror
trans_list: równowaga strachu
sense:
(historical) The tenuous peace that existed during the nuclear arms race between the United States and the Soviet Union during the Cold War.


lexentry: eng/balance_of_trade__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: balance of trade
trans_list: bilans handlowy
sense:
(economics, trade) The difference between the monetary value of exports and imports in an economy over a certain period of time.


lexentry: eng/balance_sheet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: balance sheet
trans_list: bilans
sense:
(accounting) A summary of a person's or organization's assets, liabilities and equity as of a specific date.


lexentry: eng/balance_wheel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: balance wheel
trans_list: balans | balansjer
sense:
The timekeeping device normally used in mechanical watches and small clocks, consisting of a wheel which oscillates due to a coiled spring.


lexentry: eng/balcony__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: balcony
trans_list: balkon
sense:
(architectural element) An accessible structure extending from a building, especially outside a window.


lexentry: eng/bald_cypress__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bald cypress
trans_list: cypryśnik błotny
sense:
Taxodium distichum, deciduous conifer trees native to often-flooded areas of the southeastern and south central parts of the United States.


lexentry: eng/bald_eagle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bald eagle
trans_list: bielik amerykański
sense:
Haliaeetus leucocephalus, a species of eagle native to North America and notable for the white plumage on its head.


lexentry: eng/baldric__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: baldric
trans_list: pendent
sense:
A broad belt, originally of leather and often richly ornamented, worn diagonally from shoulder to hip (across the breast and under the opposite arm), which was formerly used to hold a sword, a bugle, etc., and is now chiefly worn for ceremonial purposes; also (loosely) , any belt. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/bale__Noun__3
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bale
trans_list: bela
sense:
A bundle of compressed fibers (especially hay, straw, cotton, or wool), compacted for shipping and handling and bound by twine or wire.


lexentry: eng/baleen__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: baleen
trans_list: fiszbin
sense:
(physiology, uncountable) The keratinous material that makes up the plates in the mouth of the baleen whale, Mysticeti, which it uses to trap its food; formerly used in corsetry.


lexentry: eng/baleen_whale__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: baleen whale
trans_list: fiszbinowiec
sense:
Any of several large whales, of the parvorder Mysticeti, that have plates of whalebone (baleen) instead of teeth.


lexentry: eng/balisong__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: balisong
trans_list: delfin
sense:
A folding pocket knife with two handles counter-rotating around the tang such that, when closed, the blade is concealed within grooves in the handles.


lexentry: eng/balk__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: balk
trans_list: bal | dyl | kloc
sense:
Beam, crossbeam; squared timber; a tie beam of a house, stretching from wall to wall, especially when laid so as to form a loft, "the balks".


lexentry: eng/ball-and-socket_joint__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ball-and-socket joint
trans_list: rzepka
sense:
A joint in which one segment has a rounded end and the next segment has a bowl-shaped end, with the rounded end being fitted into the bowl shape, allowing the first segment to move around an indefinite number of axes which have one common center. Examples include the human shoulder joint and the balljoints of some automotive suspensions.


lexentry: eng/ball__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: ball
trans_list: kula
sense:
(mathematics) The set of points in a metric space of any number of dimensions lying within a given distance (the radius) of a given point.


lexentry: eng/ball__Noun__1
sense_num: 08
written_rep: ball
trans_list: piłka | kula
sense:
(printing, historical) A leather-covered cushion, fastened to a handle called a ballstock; formerly used by printers for inking the form, then superseded by the roller.


lexentry: eng/ball_bearing__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: ball bearing
trans_list: łożysko kulkowe
sense:
(loosely, often) An individual spherical ball, usually made of steel or other hard material, suitable for use in a ball-based rolling element bearing. In precise usage, each such ball is called a bearing ball or simply ball, and the entire bearing is called the ball bearing.


lexentry: eng/ball_boy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ball boy
trans_list: chłopiec do piłek
sense:
(sports) A person, usually male, responsible for retrieving balls from the area of play, and returning them to the players.


lexentry: eng/ball_in_hand__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ball in hand
trans_list: piłka ręczna
sense:
In billiards, a circumstance in which a fault by another player, such as a scratch, permits the competitor to take the cue ball in hand and place it anywhere on the table.


lexentry: eng/ball_lightning__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ball lightning
trans_list: piorun kulisty
sense:
A short-lived glowing ball sometimes observed to float in the air and thought to consist of ionized gas associated with thunderstorms.


lexentry: eng/ballad__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ballad
trans_list: ballada
sense:
A kind of narrative poem, adapted for recitation or singing; especially, a sentimental or romantic poem in short stanzas.


lexentry: eng/ballast__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ballast
trans_list: balast
sense:
(nautical) Heavy material that is placed in the hold of a ship (or in the gondola of a balloon), to provide stability.


lexentry: eng/ballast__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: ballast
trans_list: balast | podsypka
sense:
Coarse gravel or similar material laid to form a bed for roads or railroads, or in making concrete; track ballast.


lexentry: eng/ballast_resistor__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ballast resistor
trans_list: bareter
sense:
An electrical resistor whose resistance varies with the current passing through it, and thus tends to maintain a constant current


lexentry: eng/ballista__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ballista
trans_list: balista
sense:
(weaponry, historical) An ancient military engine, in the form of a crossbow, used for hurling large missiles.


lexentry: eng/ballistic_missile__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ballistic missile
trans_list: pocisk balistyczny | rakieta balistyczna
sense:
(military, rocketry) A missile that is initially guided, but then follows a ballistic (freely falling) trajectory.


lexentry: eng/ballistics__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ballistics
trans_list: balistyka
sense:
(physics) The science of objects that predominantly fly under the effects of gravity, momentum and atmospheric drag, and dealing with details of their behaviour at the origin and destination of their flight, as of bullets or missiles or rockets.


lexentry: eng/balloon_plant__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: balloon plant
trans_list: latarnia
sense:
A flowering vine with large, hollow seedpod and round seeds featuring a heart-shaped mark; Cardiospermum halicacabum


lexentry: eng/ballpoint_pen__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ballpoint pen
trans_list: długopis
sense:
A pen, similar in size and shape to a pencil, having an internal chamber filled with a viscous, quick-drying ink that is dispensed at the tip during use by the rolling action of a metal sphere (around 0.7 mm to 1 mm in diameter).


lexentry: eng/ballroom_dancing__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ballroom dancing
trans_list: taniec towarzyski
sense:
formal social dancing in couples, popular as a recreation and also as a competitive activity. The ballroom dance repertoire includes dances developed from old European folk dances such as the waltz and minuet, Latin American dances such as the tango, rumba, and cha-cha, and dances of 20th-century origin such as the foxtrot and quickstep.


lexentry: eng/balls__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: balls
trans_list: jaja
sense:
(uncountable, vulgar, colloquial) Masculinity, particularly strength, courage, and force of will; chutzpah; brazenness.


lexentry: eng/balsa__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: balsa
trans_list: balsa
sense:
A large tree, Ochroma pyramidale, native to tropical America, with wood that is very light in weight.


lexentry: eng/balsamic_vinegar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: balsamic vinegar
trans_list: ocet balsamiczny
sense:
A dark, sweet vinegar, made from reduced white wine, that has been matured in wooden barrels, the resins of which contribute to its flavour; especially such a vinegar from Modena in Italy.


lexentry: eng/baluster__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: baluster
trans_list: balas | tralka | balasek | balaska
sense:
(architecture) A short column used in a group to support a rail, as commonly found on the side of a stairway; a banister. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]


lexentry: eng/balustrade__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: balustrade
trans_list: balustrada
sense:
A row of balusters topped by a rail, serving as an open parapet, as along the edge of a balcony, terrace, bridge, staircase, or the eaves of a building.


lexentry: eng/bamboo_shoot__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bamboo shoot
trans_list: pęd bambusa
sense:
(chiefly, in the plural) The edible shoot of any of several species of bamboo (especially of the genera Dendrocalamus and Phyllostachys), cooked and eaten as a vegetable in Chinese and similar cuisine.


lexentry: eng/ban__Noun__4
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ban
trans_list: ban
sense:
A title used in several states in central and south-eastern Europe between the 7th century and the 20th century.


lexentry: eng/banana__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: banana
trans_list: banan
sense:
(North America, UK, Ireland) In particular, the sweet, yellow fruit of the Cavendish banana cultivar, which may be eaten raw, as distinct from e.g. a plantain for cooking.


lexentry: eng/banana__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: banana
trans_list: banan
sense:
An elongated curved tropical fruit of a banana plant, which grows in bunches and has a creamy flesh and a smooth skin. [from 1597]


