# translation

lexentry: eng/-aemia__Suffix__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: -aemia
trans_list: -aemia
sense:
(British spelling, medicine) Blood; presence in blood (of a substance denoted by an affixed combining form); state or condition of the blood.


lexentry: eng/-an__Suffix__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: -an
trans_list: -ānus
sense:
Of or pertaining to; an adjectival suffix appended to various words, often nouns, to make an adjective form. (Often added to words of Latin origin, but also used with words of other origins. When a word ends in a, -n is used instead.)


lexentry: eng/-er__Suffix__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: -er
trans_list: -tor
sense:
(added to verbs) A person or thing that does an action indicated by the root verb; used to form an agent noun.


lexentry: eng/-er__Suffix__5
sense_num: 01
written_rep: -er
trans_list: -ior | -or
sense:
(added to certain adjectives and adverbs, now especially short ones) More; used to form the comparative.


lexentry: eng/-ese__Suffix__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: -ese
trans_list: -anus | -ensis | -inus | -ita | -ites | -ius
sense:
Used to form adjectives and nouns describing things and characteristics of a city, region, or country, such as the people and the language spoken by these people.


lexentry: eng/-est__Suffix__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: -est
trans_list: -as | -es | -is | -s
sense:
(archaic, dialectal) Used to form the second-person singular present tense and past tense of verbs. (if thou is the subject; not used with you)


lexentry: eng/-gon__Suffix__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: -gon
trans_list: -gōnum
sense:
(geometry) Forms the names of plane figures containing a given number of angles, and thus bounded by that number of line segments (polygons). If the number is large enough, it can take the hyphenated suffix directly.


lexentry: eng/-ic__Suffix__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: -ic
trans_list: -icus
sense:
(chemistry) Used to denote certain chemical compounds in which a specified chemical element has a higher oxidation number than in the equivalent compound whose name ends in the suffix -ous. For example sulphuric acid (H₂SO₄) has more oxygen atoms per molecule than sulphurous acid (H₂SO₃).


lexentry: eng/-ism__Suffix__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: -ism
trans_list: -ismus | -isma
sense:
Used to form names of a tendency of action, behaviour, condition, opinion, or state belonging to a class or group of persons, or the result of a doctrine, ideology, or principle or lack thereof.


lexentry: eng/-itis__Suffix__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: -itis
trans_list: -itis
sense:
(pathology) Suffix denoting diseases characterized by inflammation, itself often caused by an infection.


lexentry: eng/-ity__Suffix__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: -ity
trans_list: -itas
sense:
Used to form an uncountable noun from an adjective; especially, to form the noun referring to the state, property, or quality of conforming to the adjective's description.


lexentry: eng/-ive__Suffix__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: -ive
trans_list: -ivus | -iva | -ivae | -ivi | -ivum
sense:
An adjective suffix signifying relating or belonging to, of the nature of, tending to, or serving to; as: affirmative, active, conclusive, corrective, diminutive.


lexentry: eng/-less__Suffix__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: -less
trans_list: sine | in- | ne- | se-
sense:
Lacking (something); without (something). Added usually to a noun to form an adjective signifying a lack of that noun.


lexentry: eng/-mancy__Suffix__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: -mancy
trans_list: -mantīa
sense:
(fantasy) Variety of magic, especially that controlling or related to a specific element, substance, or theme.


lexentry: eng/-ness__Suffix__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: -ness
trans_list: -itas
sense:
Appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning "the state of being (the adjective)", "the quality of being (the adjective)", or "the measure of being (the adjective)".


lexentry: eng/-oid__Suffix__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: -oid
trans_list: -oīdēs
sense:
Resembling; having the likeness of (usually including the concept of not being the same despite the likeness, but counterexamples exist).


lexentry: eng/-ology__Suffix__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: -ology
trans_list: -logia
sense:
(often, humorous) added to an ordinary English word to create a name for a (possibly non-existent) field of study.


lexentry: eng/-oma__Suffix__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: -oma
trans_list: -ōma
sense:
(pathology, specifically) Forming nouns indicating tumors or masses, which may be non-neoplastic or (more often) neoplastic, and (if the latter) either benign or cancerous (malignant); in accord with present-day understanding of histopathology, the suffix is now nonproductive for non-neoplastic senses.


lexentry: eng/-ship__Suffix__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: -ship
trans_list: -as
sense:
Appended to a noun to form a new noun denoting a property or state of being, time spent in a role, or a specialised union. In particular, the way a set of social duties associated with a particular role shapes or develop's one's character.


lexentry: eng/-tion__Suffix__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: -tion
trans_list: -tiō
sense:
(non-productive) Used to form nouns meaning "the action of (a verb)" or "the result of (a verb)". Words ending in this suffix are almost always derived from a similar Latin word; a few (e.g. gumption) are not derived from Latin and are unrelated to any verb. More often, -ation is used.


lexentry: eng/-y__Suffix__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: -y
trans_list: -osus
sense:
Added to nouns and adjectives to form adjectives meaning “having the quality of”, either “involving the referent” or “analogous to it”.


lexentry: eng/2CV__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: 2CV
trans_list: anas
sense:
deux chevaux (conventional French shortening of deux chevaux-vapeur "two horsepower") (a model of car by French manufacturer, Citroën)


lexentry: eng/A-bomb__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: A-bomb
trans_list: bomba atomica
sense:
(slang) An atomic bomb; a weapon that derives its energy from nuclear reactions and has enormous destructive power.


lexentry: eng/ABC__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: ABC
trans_list: abecedaria
sense:
(obsolete) A primer for teaching the Latin alphabet and first elements of reading. [Attested from around (1350 to 1470) until the mid-17th century.]


lexentry: eng/A_level__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: A level
trans_list: maturitas
sense:
A non-compulsory examination taken in the final two years in British high schools; the qualification obtained by passing such an exam


lexentry: eng/Aarau__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Aarau
trans_list: Araugia
sense:
A municipality and town, the capital of Aargau canton, in northern Switzerland; capital of the Helvetic Republic between 1798 and 1803.


lexentry: eng/Abba__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Abba
trans_list: pater
sense:
(Christianity) Father, an honorific title given to God in the New Testament, especially used in prayers. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/Abednego__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Abednego
trans_list: Abdenago | Azarīās
sense:
(biblical character) Azariah, one of the captives in the Bible who came out of the fiery furnace unharmed.


lexentry: eng/Abiturient__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Abiturient
trans_list: abituriens
sense:
A pupil / student in the German education system who is taking, or who has taken and passed, the Abitur. [from mid 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/Abkhazia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Abkhazia
trans_list: Abasci
sense:
A region and de-facto independent but largely unrecognized country on the coast of the Black Sea and the south-western flank of the Caucasus, which considers itself an independent state called the Republic of Abkhazia; considered part of Georgia's territory by the Georgian government and the vast majority of the international community.


lexentry: eng/Aboriginal__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Aboriginal
trans_list: indigena
sense:
Of or pertaining to Australian Aboriginal peoples, or their languages. [First attested in the 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/Aboriginal__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Aboriginal
trans_list: verna
sense:
(potentially offensive) An Aboriginal inhabitant of Australia or other land. [First attested in the 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/Abraham__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Abraham
trans_list: Ābrahām | Abraham
sense:
(Judaism, Christianity, Islam, Baha'i) A prophet in the Old Testament, Qur'an and Aqdas; a Semitic patriarch son of Terah who practiced monotheism, father of the Jewish patriarch Isaac by Sarah and the Arab patriarch Ishmael by Hagar. [First attested prior to 1150.]


lexentry: eng/Absurdistan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Absurdistan
trans_list: Absurdistania
sense:
(informal, humorous, derogatory) Any country where absurdity is the norm, especially in its public authorities and government.


lexentry: eng/Abyssinia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Abyssinia
trans_list: Abesinia
sense:
(historical) The Ethiopian Empire, a former empire in East Africa, consisting of modern-day Ethiopia and Eritrea.


lexentry: eng/Abyssinian__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Abyssinian
trans_list: Abessinus
sense:
A short-haired domestic cat descended from cats of ancient Egypt making it one of the oldest breeds in the world; Abyssinian cat. [First attested in the late 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/Achaea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Achaea
trans_list: Achāia
sense:
An ancient region in the northern part of the Peloponnese peninsula, Greece, occupying the coastal strip north of Arcadia, contanining mostly mountains.


lexentry: eng/Acheron__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Acheron
trans_list: Acherōn
sense:
(Greek mythology) A river in the infernal regions; also, the infernal regions themselves. By some of the English poets, it was supposed to be a flaming lake or gulf.


lexentry: eng/Acherontic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Acherontic
trans_list: Accherunticus
sense:
Of, pertaining to or resembling Acheron (one of the rivers located in the underworld according to ancient Greek mythology).


lexentry: eng/Achilles__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Achilles
trans_list: Achillēs | Achilles
sense:
(Greek mythology) A mythical semidivine hero, the son of Peleus by the nereid Thetis, and prince of the Myrmidons, who features in the Iliad as a central character and the foremost warrior of the Achaean (Greek) camp.


lexentry: eng/Achilles_tendon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Achilles tendon
trans_list: tendo Achillis | tendo calcaneus
sense:
(anatomy) The strong tendon formed of the united tendons of the large muscles in the calf of the leg, and inserted into the bone of the heel.


lexentry: eng/Actium__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Actium
trans_list: Actium
sense:
a promontory of Acarnania in Ancient Greece where Mark Antony and Cleopatra were defeated by Octavian in a naval battle in 31 BC


lexentry: eng/Adam's_apple__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Adam's apple
trans_list: prominentia laryngea
sense:
(anatomy) The lump in the throat, usually more noticeable in men than in women; the laryngeal prominence.


lexentry: eng/Adria__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Adria
trans_list: Hadria | Adria
sense:
A town and comune of Rovigo, Veneto, Italy, situated on the site of an Etruscan city of the same name.


lexentry: eng/Adriatic_Sea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Adriatic Sea
trans_list: Mare Hadriaticum | Mare Superum
sense:
A sea and arm of the Mediterranean Sea, stretching north from the Ionian Sea to Venice, separating the Italian and Balkan Peninsulas.


lexentry: eng/Advent__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Advent
trans_list: adventus
sense:
(Christianity) The period or season of the Christian church year between Advent Sunday and Christmas.


lexentry: eng/Aegle__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Aegle
trans_list: Aeglē
sense:
(Greek god) The goddess/personification of good health and the glow of health, one of the daughters of Asclepius.


lexentry: eng/Aeneid__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Aeneid
trans_list: Aeneis
sense:
A classic epic poem, written in Latin by Virgil in the 1st century BCE (between 29 and 19 BCE), that tells the legendary story of Aeneas fleeing Troy and settling in Italy as ancestor of the Romans.


lexentry: eng/Aeolus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Aeolus
trans_list: Aeolus
sense:
(Greek god) The name of a number of characters in Greek mythology, including the founder of the Aeolian race, and a god with power over wind.


lexentry: eng/Aeschines__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Aeschines
trans_list: Aeschinēs
sense:
(Ancient Greece) A celebrated Greek statesman and orator (389–314 B.C.E.; full name Αἰσχίνης Ἀτρομήτου Κοθωκίδης, Aeschines Atrometi f. Cothocides), one the Canon of Ten Attic Orators.


lexentry: eng/Aeschylus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Aeschylus
trans_list: Aeschylus
sense:
A Greek dramatic poet (525 BCE—456 BCE); Aeschylus was the earliest of the three greatest Greek tragedians.


lexentry: eng/Aesculapian_snake__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Aesculapian snake
trans_list: lamenis longissimus
sense:
A European species of nonvenomous snake, Zamenis longissimus, syn. Coluber longissimus, associated with Aesculapius in Ancient Greek mythology.


lexentry: eng/Aether__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Aether
trans_list: Aether
sense:
(Greek god) One of the Greek primordial deities who was the personification of light, brother-husband of Hemera and grandson of Chaos.


lexentry: eng/Aetna__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Aetna
trans_list: Aetna | Aetnē
sense:
(Greek mythology, and, Roman mythology) A nymph in Sicily who, according to legend, gave her name to the volcanic Mount Etna.


lexentry: eng/Aetna__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Aetna
trans_list: Aetna | Aetnē | Inēssa
sense:
(historical) An ancient city in Sicily, in modern Italy, situated at the foot of Mount Etna, on its southern declivity.


lexentry: eng/Aetolia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Aetolia
trans_list: Aetolia
sense:
A mountainous region of Greece on the north coast of the Gulf of Corinth, forming the eastern part of the modern prefecture of Aetolia-Acarnania.


lexentry: eng/Afghanistan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Afghanistan
trans_list: Afgania | Ariana
sense:
A landlocked country between Central Asia and South Asia. Official name: Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan. Capital and largest city: Kabul.


lexentry: eng/Africa__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Africa
trans_list: Libya | Āfrica | Africa
sense:
The continent that is south of Europe, east of the Atlantic Ocean, west of the Indian Ocean and north of Antarctica.


lexentry: eng/Afrikaans__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Afrikaans
trans_list: afrički
sense:
A Germanic language descending from Dutch; the primary language of the descendants of Dutch and other European settlers, as well as many mixed-race (e.g. Rehoboth Basters) living in South Africa and in Namibia. Also, one of the eleven official languages of South Africa and until 1990 one of three official languages of Namibia.


lexentry: eng/Agamemnon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Agamemnon
trans_list: Agamemnon
sense:
(Greek mythology) One of the most distinguished heroes of Greek mythology. He is the son of King Atreus of Mycenae and Queen Aerope and the brother of Menelaus. He is famous for rallying the Greeks in the Trojan War, yet infamous for the sacrifice of his daughter Iphigenia at the commencement of the war.


lexentry: eng/Agrippa__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Agrippa
trans_list: Agrippa
sense:
A Latin cognomen; borne by important figures of the classical era such as Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa and several kings of Judea, mentioned in the bible.


lexentry: eng/Ainu__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ainu
trans_list: lingua Ainuana
sense:
The endangered language spoken by the Ainu ethnic group, generally considered a language isolate with no known relation to other languages.


lexentry: eng/Aion__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Aion
trans_list: Aeon
sense:
(Greek god) A Hellenistic deity associated with time, the orb or circle encompassing the universe, and the zodiac.


lexentry: eng/Akkadian__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Akkadian
trans_list: accadicus
sense:
The now extinct Semitic language of ancient Mesopotamia, formerly used as an international language of diplomacy.


lexentry: eng/Alan__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Alan
trans_list: Alānī
sense:
(historical) A member of a group of Sarmatian tribes, nomadic pastoralists of the 1st millennium AD who spoke an Eastern Iranian language derived from Scytho-Sarmatian and which in turn evolved into modern Ossetian.


lexentry: eng/Alania__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Alania
trans_list: Alania
sense:
(historical) The medieval kingdom of Alans (proto-Ossetians) that flourished in Northern Caucasus, roughly in the location of latter-day Circassia and modern North Ossetia-Alania, from the 8th or 9th century until 1238-39. Its capital was Maghas, and it controlled a vital trade route through the Darial Pass.


lexentry: eng/Alanic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Alanic
trans_list: Alanicus | Alanus
sense:
of or pertaining to Alans—an Iranian nomadic pastoral people of antiquity and middle ages—or their language


lexentry: eng/Alaska__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Alaska
trans_list: Alasca
sense:
A state of the United States, formerly a territory. Capital: Juneau. Postal code: AK, largest city: Anchorage.


lexentry: eng/Alazani__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Alazani
trans_list: Alāzōn
sense:
A river that flows for 351km, from its headwaters to the south of the main ridge of the Greater Caucasus in the north-west of Georgia’s Akhmeta municipality, through the Caucasus, until it feeds into the River Kura at Azerbaijan’s Mingachevir Reservoir.


lexentry: eng/Albania__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Albania
trans_list: Albania
sense:
A country in Southeast Europe. Official name: Republic of Albania. Capital and largest city: Tirana.


lexentry: eng/Albany__Proper_noun__3
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Albany
trans_list: Albania
sense:
The capital city of the state of New York in the United States, and the county seat of Albany County.


lexentry: eng/Albigenses__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Albigenses
trans_list: Albigensis
sense:
(historical, Christianity) A sect of reformers opposed to the Roman Catholic Church in the 12th century AD, considered heretics who were subject to the Albigensian Crusade; a branch of the Catharists, distinct from the Waldenses.


lexentry: eng/Alcibiades__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Alcibiades
trans_list: Alcibiadēs | Alcibiades
sense:
A Greek en given name, notably borne by Alcibiades (450–404 B.C.), a prominent Athenian statesman, orator, and general.


lexentry: eng/Alcmene__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Alcmene
trans_list: Alcmēna | Alcmēnē | Alcumēna
sense:
(Greek mythology) Descendant of Perseus and Andromeda, the wife of Amphitryon, and mother, by Zeus, of Heracles/Hercules.


lexentry: eng/Aldebaran__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Aldebaran
trans_list: Aldebaran
sense:
(star) One of the brightest stars in the sky, now recognised to be a binary star in the constellation Taurus (alpha (α) Tauri); an orange giant, 68 light years from Earth. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/Aleutian_Islands__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Aleutian Islands
trans_list: Aleutiae | Insulae Aleutiae | Insulae Aleuticae
sense:
An archipelago of more than 300 small volcanic islands forming an island arc in the Northern Pacific Ocean, between Alaska and the Kamchatka Peninsula of Asia; part of the United States.


lexentry: eng/Alexander_the_Great__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Alexander the Great
trans_list: Alexander Magnus
sense:
(356–323 BCE) A king (basileus) of the Ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon and conqueror of much of Asia.


lexentry: eng/Alexandria__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: Alexandria
trans_list: Alexandrēa | Alexandrīa
sense:
A former town in the United Counties of Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry, Ontario, Canada; now a part of the township of North Glengarry.


lexentry: eng/Algeria__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Algeria
trans_list: Algerium | Algeria
sense:
A country in North Africa. Official name: People's Democratic Republic of Algeria. Capital and largest city: Algiers.


lexentry: eng/Algic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Algic
trans_list: algicus
sense:
An indigenous language family of North America, comprising Wiyot, Yurok, and many Algonquian languages.


lexentry: eng/All_Saints'_Day__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: All Saints' Day
trans_list: Omnium Sanctorum
sense:
(Christianity) In Christian tradition, the annual feast day celebrating the life of all saints, taking place on the first day of November, or (in the Greek church) on the first Sunday after Pentecost.


lexentry: eng/All_Souls'_Day__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: All Souls' Day
trans_list: Commemoratio Omnium Fidelium Defunctorum
sense:
(Christianity) An annual feast day celebrating the faithful departed on the second day of November, immediately following All Saints' Day.


lexentry: eng/Alpes-de-Haute-Provence__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Alpes-de-Haute-Provence
trans_list: Alpes Provinciae
sense:
One of the départements in Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France. Capital: Digne-les-Bains (INSEE code 04).


lexentry: eng/Alpha_Centauri__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Alpha Centauri
trans_list: Alpha Centauri
sense:
(star) The brightest star in the southern constellation of Centaurus. It is actually a binary star with Proxima Centauri as a third component.


lexentry: eng/Alps__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Alps
trans_list: Alpes
sense:
(usually, with "the") A mountain range in Western Europe, running from France to Slovenia, the highest peak of which is Mont Blanc, at 4808 metres.


lexentry: eng/Alsace__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Alsace
trans_list: Alsatia | Elisatia
sense:
A region, former administrative region, and historical province of France, located on the west bank of the upper Rhine; since 2016, part of the administrative region of Grand Est. It has changed hands between France and Germany several times throughout history.


lexentry: eng/Altair__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Altair
trans_list: Altair
sense:
(star) The brightest star in the constellation Aquila; Alpha (α) Aquilae. It is the twelfth brightest star in the sky, and forms one corner of the Summer Triangle.


lexentry: eng/Alzette__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Alzette
trans_list: Alisontia
sense:
A river in Europe that flows for 73 km (45 mi) through France and Luxembourg; it empties into the Sauer near Ettelbruck.


lexentry: eng/Alzheimer's_disease__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Alzheimer's disease
trans_list: morbus Alzheimer
sense:
(neurology, disease) A disorder involving loss of mental functions resulting from brain tissue changes; senile dementia of the Alzheimer's type.


lexentry: eng/Amalthea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Amalthea
trans_list: Amalthea
sense:
(Greek mythology) The most frequently mentioned foster mother of Zeus, sometimes represented as the goat who suckled the infant-god in a mountain cave, sometimes as a goat-tending nymph.


lexentry: eng/Amazon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Amazon
trans_list: Amazonius
sense:
(sometimes, attributive) A river in South America, that flows through Brazil for about 4000 miles to the Atlantic.


lexentry: eng/Amazon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Amazon
trans_list: Amazonum flumen
sense:
(sometimes, attributive) A region including much of this river; specifically, the region of the Amazon Rainforest, or of the Amazon River Basin.


lexentry: eng/American_English__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: American English
trans_list: Americanus
sense:
The form of the English language that is chiefly used in the United States, contrasted with British English or Canadian English and that of other places.


lexentry: eng/American_Samoa__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: American Samoa
trans_list: Samoa Americana
sense:
An archipelago and overseas territory of the United States in the Pacific Ocean. Official name: Territory of American Samoa. It is distinct from Samoa (formerly: Western Samoa).


lexentry: eng/American__Adjective__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: American
trans_list: Americanus
sense:
(archaic) Synonym of American Indian and Native American, of, from, or pertaining to the indigenous inhabitants of the Americas.


lexentry: eng/American_football__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: American football
trans_list: harpastum americanum
sense:
A game similar to rugby football played on a field of 100 yards long and 53 1/3 yards wide (with two 10 yard-long endzones) in which two teams of 11 players attempt to get an ovoid ball into each other's territory.


lexentry: eng/American_foulbrood__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: American foulbrood
trans_list: histolysis infectiosa perniciosa larvae apium
sense:
A highly contagious and destructive disease of bees caused by the spore-forming bacterium Paenibacillus larvae.


lexentry: eng/Americas__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Americas
trans_list: Amerī̆ca
sense:
North America and South America taken together; that is, North America, Central America, and South America taken together.


lexentry: eng/Amu_Darya__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Amu Darya
trans_list: Ōxus
sense:
A major river in Central Asia flowing across the border of Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan parallel to Syr Darya and into the Aral Sea. Known in classical times as Oxus.


lexentry: eng/Amun__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Amun
trans_list: Ammōn
sense:
(Egyptian god) An Egyptian wind deity associated with the town of Thebes; later (post-16th century BCE) the creator deity, often depicted with curling ram horns.


lexentry: eng/Anatolia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Anatolia
trans_list: Asia Minor
sense:
A peninsula in Western Asia, comprising most of the modern Republic of Turkey. Bounded by the Black Sea to the north, the Armenian Highland to the east, the Mediterranean Sea to the south and the Aegean Sea to the west.


lexentry: eng/Ancient_Greece__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Ancient Greece
trans_list: Graecia | Graecia antiqua
sense:
The civilization that flourished around the Mediterranean Sea from the 3rd millennium to the 1st century BCE (including the first two European civilizations, Minoan and Mycenaean), known as the cradle of Western civilization.


lexentry: eng/Ancient_Greek__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ancient Greek
trans_list: graece antique
sense:
Any of the various forms of the Greek language of classical antiquity, particularly the classical Attic dialect used in Athenian literature.


lexentry: eng/Ancient_Rome__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ancient Rome
trans_list: Roma antiqua
sense:
The civilization associated with Rome from the 9th century BCE to the 5th century C.E. and the Roman Empire centered on it.


lexentry: eng/Andalusia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Andalusia
trans_list: Vandalitia
sense:
The most populated and second largest of the seventeen autonomous communities that constitute Spain, whose capital is Seville.


lexentry: eng/Andorra__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Andorra
trans_list: Andorra
sense:
A microstate in Southern Europe, between Spain and France. Official name: Principality of Andorra. Capital and largest city: Andorra la Vella.


lexentry: eng/Andromeda__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Andromeda
trans_list: Andromeda | Andromedē
sense:
(Greek mythology) The daughter of Cepheus and Cassiopeia, king and queen of Eritrea, rescued from her sacrifice to the sea monster Cetus by Perseus, who married her; mother of Perses, ancient king of Persia.


lexentry: eng/Andromeda__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Andromeda
trans_list: Andromeda
sense:
(constellation) A constellation of the northern sky representing the "chained woman" Andromeda in Greek mythology, which is surrounded by the constellations of Cassiopeia, Perseus, and Pegasus, among others.


lexentry: eng/Andromeda__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Andromeda
trans_list: Andromeda
sense:
(galaxy) The nearest spiral galaxy to the Milky Way, located within the Andromeda constellation (see Andromeda Galaxy); M31.


lexentry: eng/Angle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Angle
trans_list: Angliī
sense:
(historical) A member of a Germanic tribe first mentioned by Tacitus, one of several which invaded Britain and merged to become the Anglo-Saxons; an Anglian.


lexentry: eng/Anglesey__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Anglesey
trans_list: Mona
sense:
An island and traditional county at the northwestern extremity of north Wales. It is separated from Caernarfonshire on the mainland by a narrow stretch of water called the Menai Strait. The county was merged into Gwynedd in 1974.


lexentry: eng/Anglican_Communion__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Anglican Communion
trans_list: Commūniō Anglicāna
sense:
A worldwide network of Churches that are are in communion with the Church of England as represented by the Archbishop of Canterbury.


lexentry: eng/Anicetus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Anicetus
trans_list: Anīcētus
sense:
(Greek god) One of the twin sons of Heracles and Hebe, his twin brother is Alexiares. Along with their father, Anicetus and Alexiares are the guardians and gatekeepers of the gates of Mount Olympus.


lexentry: eng/Annunciation__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Annunciation
trans_list: Annuntiatio
sense:
(Christianity) The announcement by the archangel Gabriel to Mary that she would give birth to a son, namely Jesus. Celebrated on 25th March.


lexentry: eng/Antarctic_Circle__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Antarctic Circle
trans_list: Circulus Antarcticus
sense:
(geography) The line which marks approximately the northernmost place in the Southern Hemisphere where the sun does not set on the summer solstice and does not rise on the winter solstice.


lexentry: eng/Antarctic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Antarctic
trans_list: Antarctica
sense:
One of the major ecozones of the world, covering the south polar regions. Especially those south of the Antarctic Convergence or the 60th parallel south (everywhere south of this parallel being administered by the Antarctic Treaty System).


lexentry: eng/Antares__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Antares
trans_list: Antarēs
sense:
(star) Alpha Scorpii (α Sco), the brightest star in the constellation Scorpius. It is a M type red giant, and is a binary with a B type companion visible in greenish.


lexentry: eng/Anthropocene__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Anthropocene
trans_list: anthropocaenum
sense:
(geology, formal, strictly) A proposed but rejected geological epoch, in which the effect of human activities on the global environment has disrupted the natural variability of the Holocene, ending the Holocene. (It was rejected as formal scientific nomenclature in 2024 owing to not meeting a bar for how a geological epoch is formally defined.) [from 1960s]


lexentry: eng/Antichrist__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Antichrist
trans_list: Antichristus
sense:
(Christianity, Islam) A false messiah who, under direct control of the Devil, will usher in the abomination in the end times; a false prophet.


lexentry: eng/Antinous__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Antinous
trans_list: Antinous
sense:
(history, astronomy) A constellation created by the emperor Hadrian, now considered by astronomers to be a part of Aquila.


lexentry: eng/Antisthenes__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Antisthenes
trans_list: Antisthenēs
sense:
A Greek en given name, notably borne by Antisthenes of Athens (445–365 B.C.), a Greek philosopher, founder of the school of Cynicism and a pupil of Socrates


lexentry: eng/Antlia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Antlia
trans_list: Antlia
sense:
(constellation) A faint winter constellation of the northern sky, said to resemble a pump. The common English name is "Air pump".


lexentry: eng/Anuket__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Anuket
trans_list: Hestia | Vesta
sense:
An Ancient Egyptian goddess of the cataracts of the Nile River. Sometimes treated as an aspect of the god of the Nile.


lexentry: eng/Anzac_Day__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Anzac Day
trans_list: dies
sense:
April 25, a public holiday in Australia and New Zealand that originally commemorated the sacrifices made by members of the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps (ANZAC) who fought at Gallipoli against the Ottoman Empire during World War I, and now honours people from those countries who have served in all wars, conflicts, and peacekeeping operations.


lexentry: eng/Apamea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Apamea
trans_list: Ăpămēa
sense:
(historical) The name of several Hellenistic cities in western Asia, after Apama, the Sogdian wife of Seleucus I Nicator, several of which are also former bishoprics and Catholic titular see


lexentry: eng/Apennines__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Apennines
trans_list: Appennīnī | Ā̆pennīnus
sense:
A mountain range in Italy, stretching 1,200 km from the north to the south of the country, along its east coast, traversing the entire Apennine Peninsula, and often called the "spine of Italy".


lexentry: eng/Aphrodite__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Aphrodite
trans_list: Aphrodite | Venus
sense:
(Greek god) The goddess of beauty and love, born when Cronus castrated his father, Uranus, and threw his genitalia into the sea. Her Roman counterpart is Venus.


lexentry: eng/Aphroditus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Aphroditus
trans_list: Aphrodītus
sense:
(Greek god) A male Aphrodite, from Cyprus, represented as a herm with a phallus, who in later mythology became known as Hermaphroditus, the son of Hermes and Aphrodite.


lexentry: eng/Apocalypse__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Apocalypse
trans_list: Apocalypsis
sense:
(countable, biblical) The written account of a revelation of hidden things given by God to a chosen prophet.


lexentry: eng/Apocalypse__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Apocalypse
trans_list: Apocalypsis
sense:
(Christianity) Revelation (last book of the Bible, composed of twenty-two chapters, which narrates the end of times)


lexentry: eng/Apollo__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Apollo
trans_list: Apollo
sense:
(astronomy) An asteroid possessing an orbit that crosses the orbit of the Earth and an orbital period of over one year, with semimajor axes greater than 1 AU, and perihelion distances less than 1.017 AU.


lexentry: eng/Apollo__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Apollo
trans_list: Apollō | Apollo
sense:
(Greek god, Roman god) The son of Zeus and Leto (or Jupiter and Latona), and the twin brother of Artemis (or Diana). He was the god of light, music, medicine, and poetry; and prophecy, dance, manly beauty, and more.


lexentry: eng/Apostle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Apostle
trans_list: apostolus
sense:
(Christianity) Any of the group of twelve disciples chosen by Jesus to preach and spread the Gospel.


lexentry: eng/Apostles'_Creed__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Apostles' Creed
trans_list: Symbolum Apostolorum
sense:
(Christianity) A statement of Christian belief, traditionally ascribed to the twelve Apostles of Jesus.


lexentry: eng/Appalachia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Appalachia
trans_list: Appalachia
sense:
A region in the eastern United States, covering a part of the Appalachian Mountains, that stretches from southwestern Pennsylvania to northern Alabama, usually excluding New York State and New England.


lexentry: eng/Appenzell__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Appenzell
trans_list: Abbatis cella
sense:
A historic canton in the northeast of Switzerland that split up into the two modern half-cantons in 1597.


lexentry: eng/Appian__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Appian
trans_list: Appianus
sense:
A Roman en given name, notably borne by Appian of Alexandria (c. 95 – c. 165), a Roman historian of Greek descent


lexentry: eng/Appius__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Appius
trans_list: Appius
sense:
A Roman en given name, notably borne by Appius Claudius Caecus, a Roman politician of the 4th and 3rd century BC, builder of the Appian Way


lexentry: eng/April__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: April
trans_list: Aprīlis | Aprilis
sense:
The fourth month of the Gregorian calendar, following March and preceding May. Abbreviation: Apr or Apr.


lexentry: eng/Aquarius__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Aquarius
trans_list: Aquarius
sense:
(astrology) The zodiac sign for the water carrier, ruled by Uranus covering January 20 – February 18 (tropical astrology) or February 15 – March 14 (sidereal astrology).


lexentry: eng/Aquila__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Aquila
trans_list: Aquila
sense:
(constellation) A summer constellation of the northern sky, said to resemble an eagle. It includes the star Altair.


lexentry: eng/Arab_World__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Arab World
trans_list: orbis Arabicus
sense:
(as a minimum) Those Arabic-speaking independent states where Arabic is the main official and spoken language.


lexentry: eng/Arabia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Arabia
trans_list: Arabia
sense:
A peninsula of Western Asia between the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf; includes Jordan, Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Oman, Qatar, Bahrain, Kuwait, and the United Arab Emirates.


lexentry: eng/Arabic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Arabic
trans_list: arabice
sense:
The Aramaic-derived alphabet used to write the Arabic, Persian, Pashto, Urdu, and Uyghur languages, among others.


lexentry: eng/Arachne__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Arachne
trans_list: Arachnē
sense:
(Greek mythology) A woman famous for her skill at weaving. She was changed into a spider by the goddess Athena.


lexentry: eng/Arachosia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Arachosia
trans_list: Arachōsia
sense:
An ancient Achaemenid and Seleucid satrapy in the eastern part of their respective empires, around modern-day southern Afghanistan.


lexentry: eng/Aragonese__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Aragonese
trans_list: lingua Aragonensis
sense:
The language of Aragon, nowadays only spoken as a mother tongue by a few thousand people in some valleys of the Pyrenees.


lexentry: eng/Aral_Sea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Aral Sea
trans_list: Lacus Oxianus
sense:
A saline lake, straddling the Kazakhstan-Uzbekistan border, that was once large, but shrank to a quarter of its original size after the Amu Darya and Syr Darya rivers, which previously flowed into it, were diverted for irrigation purposes during the Soviet era.


lexentry: eng/Aratus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Aratus
trans_list: Arātus
sense:
(Greek god) A healer and a son of Asclepius and his lover, Aristodama, and the paternal halfbrother of Aceso, Aglaea, Hygieia, Iaso, Meditrina, Panacea, Machaon, Podaleirios, Telesphoros.


lexentry: eng/Arc_de_Triomphe__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Arc de Triomphe
trans_list: arcus triumphalis
sense:
A war monument in Paris, France, designed by Jean Chalgrin in 1806, started in 1808 and inaugurated in 1836.


lexentry: eng/Archaean__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Archaean
trans_list: archaicus
sense:
(geology) Of, or relating to the geologic eon from about 3,800 to 2,500 million years ago; comprises the Eoarchean, Paleoarchean, Mesoarchean and Neoarchean eras; marked by an atmosphere with little oxygen, the formation of the first continents and oceans and the emergence of simple life.


lexentry: eng/Archimedean_solid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Archimedean solid
trans_list: corpus irrēgulātum
sense:
(geometry) Any of a class of convex semiregular polyhedra, composed of two or more types of regular polygon meeting in identical vertices.


lexentry: eng/Archimedes'_screw__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Archimedes' screw
trans_list: mortarium
sense:
(engineering) A screwlike device invented by Greek mathematician Archimedes, ca. 200 B.C.E., which when twisted inside a cylinder, raises water from a lower level to a higher level, allowing irrigation of fields.


lexentry: eng/Arctic_Ocean__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Arctic Ocean
trans_list: Oceanus Arcticus
sense:
The smallest of the five oceans of the Earth, on and around the North Pole, bordered by the three continents of Asia, Europe and North America.


lexentry: eng/Arctic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Arctic
trans_list: septemtrionalis
sense:
(geography) Pertaining to the northern polar region of the planet, characterised by extreme cold and an icy landscape. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/Arctic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Arctic
trans_list: glacialis
sense:
Extremely cold, snowy, or having other properties of extreme winter associated with the Arctic. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/Arctic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Arctic
trans_list: Oceanus Arcticus
sense:
(geography) The region of the Earth above the Arctic Circle, containing the North Pole. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/Arcturus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Arcturus
trans_list: Arcturus
sense:
(star) A bright yellow-orange star in the constellation Boötes; Alpha (α) Boötis. It is the fourth-brightest star in the night sky.


lexentry: eng/Ares__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ares
trans_list: Arēs
sense:
(Greek god) The Greek god of war, considered equivalent to the Roman Mars and usually described as a son of Zeus and Hera, companion of Eris and Enyo, and by Aphrodite father of Deimos and Phobos.


lexentry: eng/Argo_Navis__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Argo Navis
trans_list: Argo Navis
sense:
(constellation) : A former constellation of the southern sky, said to represent the mythical ship Argo. In 1763, it was divided into the three new constellations: Carina (keel), Puppis (stern), and Vela (sail).


lexentry: eng/Argolid__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Argolid
trans_list: Argolis
sense:
A regional unit in eastern Peloponnese, Greece, which has its modern capital at Nafplio. Its original capital was at Argos.


lexentry: eng/Argonaut__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Argonaut
trans_list: Argonauta
sense:
(Greek mythology) One of the members of the Argo who sailed with Jason in search of the Golden Fleece.


lexentry: eng/Ariana__Proper_noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ariana
trans_list: Ariana
sense:
(historical) a general geographical term used by some Greek and Roman authors of ancient period for a district of wide extent between Central Asia and the Indus River, comprehending the eastern provinces of the Achaemenid Empire that covered entire modern-day Afghanistan, east and southeast of Iran, Tajikistan and northwestern Pakistan


lexentry: eng/Arianism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Arianism
trans_list: Arīānismus
sense:
(Christianity) A Christological doctrine, condemned as heretical by the Council of Nicaea, which holds that Jesus was created by God, rather than being God himself.


lexentry: eng/Aries__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Aries
trans_list: Aries
sense:
(astrology) The zodiac sign for the ram, ruled by Mars and covering March 20 – April 20 (tropical astrology) or April 15 – May 15 (sidereal astrology).


lexentry: eng/Aristophanes__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Aristophanes
trans_list: Aristophanēs | Aristophanes
sense:
An Ancient Greek male name, most famously borne by a playwright who lived from circa 446 BC to circa 386 BC.


lexentry: eng/Aristotle__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Aristotle
trans_list: Aristotelēs | Aristoteles
sense:
An ancient Greek philosopher, logician, and scientist (382–322 BCE), student of Plato and teacher of Alexander the Great.


lexentry: eng/Arius__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Arius
trans_list: Arīus
sense:
A Greek en given name, notably borne by Arius, circa 250–336, a priest in Alexandria, the founder of Arianism


lexentry: eng/Ark_of_the_Covenant__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ark of the Covenant
trans_list: Arca foederis
sense:
(Judaism, Christianity, Islam) The sacred container, a gold-plated wooden chest, of the two tablets of law (the Ten Commandments) given to Moses by the Hebrew God.


lexentry: eng/Arlberg__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Arlberg
trans_list: Arula
sense:
A massif in Austria shared between the states of Vorarlberg and Tyrol, bordered by the Verwall in the south, the Lechquellen in the northwest and the Lechtal Alps in the northeast; the region has a long tradition of winter sports (mainly skiing) and its villages rely on tourism as their main source of income.


lexentry: eng/Armageddon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Armageddon
trans_list: Armagedōn
sense:
(Christianity, Islam) Mount Megiddo, the site of a prophesied final battle between the forces of good and evil.


lexentry: eng/Armenia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Armenia
trans_list: Armenia
sense:
(historical) Ancient kingdom in the Armenian Highland southeast of Black Sea and southwest of Caspian Sea; area now divided between Turkey, Republic of Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia and Iran.


lexentry: eng/Armenian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Armenian
trans_list: Armeniacus
sense:
Of, from, or pertaining to Armenia, the Armenian people, the Armenian language, or the Armenian alphabet.


lexentry: eng/Arminius__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Arminius
trans_list: Arminius
sense:
(history) A chieftain of the Cherusci (an ancient Germanic tribe) who defeated the Romans in the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest.


lexentry: eng/Aromanian__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Aromanian
trans_list: Aromanica
sense:
An endangered Eastern Romance language spoken mainly in Greece, but also in Albania, North Macedonia, Romania, Bulgaria, Serbia and relatively intelligible with Romanian and Megleno-Romanian.


lexentry: eng/Arras__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Arras
trans_list: Nemetacum | Atrebatum
sense:
A city, the capital of the Pas-de-Calais department, Hauts-de-France, France, the historic centre of the Artois region


lexentry: eng/Art_Nouveau__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Art Nouveau
trans_list: secessus
sense:
A decorative style of art and architecture that especially used the sinuous and flowing lines of plants.


lexentry: eng/Artemis__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Artemis
trans_list: Artemis
sense:
(Greek god) The Greek goddess of the hunt, wild animals, and wilderness; the daughter of Leto and Zeus; the sister of Apollo. (Compare Diana.)


lexentry: eng/Asa__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Asa
trans_list: Asa
sense:
(biblical character) The third king of Judah mentioned in the Books of Kings who succeeded his father Abijah; the father of King Jehoshaphat. (Matthew calls him "Asaph" in Matthew 1:7.)


lexentry: eng/Ascanius__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ascanius
trans_list: Ascanius
sense:
(Greek mythology, Roman mythology) A legendary king of Alba Longa, and the son of the Trojan hero Aeneas.


lexentry: eng/Asclepius__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Asclepius
trans_list: Aesculāpius | Asclēpius
sense:
(Greek god) A Greek mythological deity, the god of doctors, medicine and healing; a son of Apollo and the Thessalian princess Coronis, husband to the goddess Epione and father of the Asclepiades; identified with the Roman god Aesculapius.


lexentry: eng/Ash_Wednesday__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ash Wednesday
trans_list: Diēs Cinerum | fēria quārta cinerum
sense:
(Christianity) The Wednesday 46 days before Easter in a given year, (Catholicism) traditionally observed as the beginning of Lent and a day of strict abstention from certain foods and pleasures.


lexentry: eng/Asia_Minor__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Asia Minor
trans_list: Asia Minor
sense:
A large peninsula, mostly coterminous with Anatolia, between the Mediterranean Sea, the Aegean Sea and the Black Sea; it makes up the Asian part of Turkey.


lexentry: eng/Asia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Asia
trans_list: Asia
sense:
A continent located east of Europe (typically delimited by the Urals), west of the Pacific Ocean, north of Oceania and south of the Arctic Ocean.


lexentry: eng/Asiarch__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Asiarch
trans_list: Āsiarcha
sense:
(historical) One of the chiefs or pontiffs of the Roman province of Asia, who had the superintendence of the public games and religious rites.


lexentry: eng/Assyria__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Assyria
trans_list: Assyria
sense:
A Semitic Akkadian kingdom, extant from the mid-23rd century BC to 608 BC and centred on the Upper Tigris river in northern Mesopotamia (present day northern Iraq), which came to rule regional empires a number of times through history.


lexentry: eng/Assyrian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Assyrian
trans_list: Assyrius
sense:
(historical) Of or pertaining to the ancient region on the Upper Tigris river, with capital city of Assur.


lexentry: eng/Assyrian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Assyrian
trans_list: Assyrius
sense:
(historical) Of, or characteristic of, or pertaining to the ancient nation and empire, including the northern half of Mesopotamia, with capital city of Nineveh.


lexentry: eng/Asterix__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Asterix
trans_list: Asterix
sense:
A series of French comic books written by René Goscinny and illustrated by Albert Uderzo about an Ancient Gaul named Asterix.


lexentry: eng/Astraea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Astraea
trans_list: Astraea
sense:
(Greek god) The Greek goddess of stars and justice; similar to Dike, equivalent to the Roman goddess Justitia.


lexentry: eng/Asturias__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Asturias
trans_list: Principatus Asturiarum
sense:
An autonomous community and province of Spain, on the Spanish north coast facing the Cantabrian Sea. The capital city is Oviedo.


lexentry: eng/Atalanta__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Atalanta
trans_list: Atalanta
sense:
(Greek mythology) A huntress and heroine in Greek mythology, renowned for her great speed and strength; depending on the version of the myth, either the daughter of Iasus (a prince of Arcadia) by Clymene or of King Schoeneus of Boeotia.


lexentry: eng/Athamas__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Athamas
trans_list: Athamās
sense:
(Greek mythology) A Boeotian king, father of Phrixus and Helle by his first wife Nephele, whom he deserted for Ino.


lexentry: eng/Athena__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Athena
trans_list: Athēna | Athena
sense:
(Greek god) The goddess of wisdom, especially strategic warfare, the arts, and especially crafts, in particular, weaving; daughter of Zeus and Metis. Her Roman counterpart is Minerva.


lexentry: eng/Athenian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Athenian
trans_list: Atticus
sense:
(Greek mythology) Of or related to Athena, the Greek goddess of wisdom, technology, and skillful warfare.


lexentry: eng/Atlas__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Atlas
trans_list: Atlas
sense:
(Greek god) The son of Iapetus and Clymene, war leader of the Titans ordered by the god Zeus to support the sky on his shoulders; father to the Hesperides, the Hyades, and the Pleiades; king of the legendary Atlantis.


lexentry: eng/Atreid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Atreid
trans_list: Atrīdēs
sense:
(Greek mythology) Any of the family and descendants of the mythical Mycenaean king Atreus, including either of his sons Menelaus and Agamemnon, who both feature in the Iliad.


lexentry: eng/Attic_Greek__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Attic Greek
trans_list: Atthis
sense:
The dialect of Ancient Greek used in Attica, the region surrounding Athens, from 500 to 300 B.C.E., closely related to Ionic Greek and a main contributor to Koine Greek. The language of Thucydides, Plato, Aeschylus, Xenophon, etc.


lexentry: eng/Atticize__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Atticize
trans_list: atticisso
sense:
(intransitive) To use the Attic idiom or style; to conform to the customs or modes of thought of the Athenians.


lexentry: eng/Attila_the_Hun__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Attila the Hun
trans_list: Attila
sense:
(historical) Attila, kingly ruler of the tribe of the Huns and vast Eurasian Hunnic Empire and feared enemy of the Roman Empire, from 434 until his death in 453.


lexentry: eng/Auckland__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Auckland
trans_list: Aucopolis | Querquetula
sense:
A region of New Zealand which includes the city, situated between the Northland region to the north and the Waikato region to the south.


lexentry: eng/Audouin's_gull__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Audouin's gull
trans_list: Ichthyaetus audouinii
sense:
Ichthyaetus ichthyaetus, a large gull restricted to the Mediterranean and the western coast of Saharan Africa and the Iberian Peninsula.


lexentry: eng/Augsburg__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Augsburg
trans_list: Vindelicus
sense:
A rural district of Swabia, Bavaria, Germany, partially surrounding but not including the city of Augsburg, which nevertheless serves as its administrative seat


lexentry: eng/August__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: August
trans_list: augustus | sextilis | Augustus
sense:
The eighth month of the Roman, Julian, and Gregorian calendars, following July and preceding September.


lexentry: eng/Augustus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Augustus
trans_list: Augustus
sense:
The Roman emperor Augustus, also called Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus (63 B.C.E. – 14 C.E.); heir to Julius Caesar


lexentry: eng/Aulis__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Aulis
trans_list: Aulis
sense:
(historical) An ancient port town in Boeotia, Greece, where, according to legend, the Greek fleet gathered to set off for Troy, and where Agamemnon sacrificed his daughter Iphigenia.


lexentry: eng/Auriga__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Auriga
trans_list: Auriga
sense:
(constellation) A winter constellation of the northern sky, said to resemble a charioteer. It includes the star Capella.


lexentry: eng/Austin__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: Austin
trans_list: Austinopolis | Augustinopolis
sense:
The capital city of Texas, USA and the county seat of Travis County; named for American empresario Stephen F. Austin.


lexentry: eng/Australia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Australia
trans_list: Australia
sense:
A country in Oceania comprising the islands of Australia, Tasmania and other smaller islands in the Pacific Ocean, as well as its precursor colony in the British Empire. Official name: Commonwealth of Australia. Capital: Canberra.


lexentry: eng/Australia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Australia
trans_list: Australia
sense:
(geology) A continent consisting of the islands of Australia, New Guinea and intervening islands. New Guinea and the intervening islands are also on the Australian tectonic plate and are thus geologically considered part of the continent.


lexentry: eng/Austrofascism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Austrofascism
trans_list: Austrofascism
sense:
(historical) A fascist political movement in Austria between 1933 and 1938 until the country's annexation by Nazi Germany.


lexentry: eng/Auvergne__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Auvergne
trans_list: Arvernia
sense:
A former administrative region and historical province of France, since 2016 part of the region of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes.


lexentry: eng/Av__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Av
trans_list: Aab
sense:
(Judaism) The eleventh month of the civil year and the fifth month of the ecclesiastical year in the Jewish calendar, after Tammuz and before Elul.


lexentry: eng/Avalon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Avalon
trans_list: Avallōnia | īnsula Avallōnis
sense:
(Arthurian legend) An island, represented as an earthly paradise in the western seas, to which King Arthur and other heroes were carried at death.


lexentry: eng/Axis_power__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Axis power
trans_list: axis
sense:
(chiefly, in the plural) A country in the alliance (in effect before and during World War II) of Nazi Germany, fascist Italy, imperial Japan, and a few other countries, which opposed the Allies.


lexentry: eng/Azerbaijan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Azerbaijan
trans_list: Ātropātia | Ātropātēna | Āzerbāidzānia | Āzerbāigiānia | Āzerbāizānia
sense:
A country in the South Caucasus, Asia and Europe. Official name: Republic of Azerbaijan. Capital: Baku.


lexentry: eng/Azores__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Azores
trans_list: Azores
sense:
An archipelago of nine volcanic islands in the North Atlantic and an autonomous region of Portugal comprising this archipelago, officially the Autonomous Region of the Azores.


lexentry: eng/BCE__Adverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: BCE
trans_list: ante aer. comm. | ante aer. vulg.
sense:
(chronology) Initialism of Before Common Era (Before the Common Era, before Common Era, before the Common Era), Before Current Era (Before the Current Era, before current era, before the current era), or before Christian Era.


lexentry: eng/Baal__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Baal
trans_list: Baal
sense:
(mythology, biblical) A storm and fertility god of the Phoenician and Canaanite pantheons, reckoned as chief of the gods by the 1st millennium BC.


lexentry: eng/Babel__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Babel
trans_list: Babel
sense:
(biblical) The city and tower in the land of Shinar where the confusion of languages took place, according to the Bible.


lexentry: eng/Babylon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Babylon
trans_list: Babylon
sense:
(historical) An ancient city in Mesopotamia, built on the banks of the Euphrates, which was the capital of Babylonia.


lexentry: eng/Bactria__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Bactria
trans_list: Bactria | Bactriana
sense:
The ancient Greek name of the country between the range of the Hindu Kush and the Amu Darya in the Middle East, encompassing parts of northern Afghanistan, eastern Turkmenistan, southern Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and northern Pakistan.


lexentry: eng/Bahrain__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Bahrain
trans_list: Bachrania
sense:
An archipelago, island, and country in Western Asia, in the Persian Gulf. Official name: Kingdom of Bahrain. Capital: Manama.


lexentry: eng/Baja_California__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Baja California
trans_list: California Inferior
sense:
A peninsula in Mexico A mountainous peninsula of western Mexico between the Pacific Ocean and the Gulf of California; administered as the states of Baja California and Baja California Sur.


lexentry: eng/Balaton__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Balaton
trans_list: Pelso
sense:
A freshwater lake in Hungary, the largest lake in Central Europe, and one of the region's foremost tourist destinations.


lexentry: eng/Balearic_Islands__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Balearic Islands
trans_list: Baliares Insulae
sense:
A group of Mediterranean islands of the east coast of Spain, formed by Majorca, Minorca, Ibiza, and Formentera.


lexentry: eng/Balkan_Peninsula__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Balkan Peninsula
trans_list: Balcania
sense:
A large peninsula in southeastern Europe surrounded by water on three sides: the Adriatic Sea to the west, the Mediterranean Sea (including the Ionian and Aegean Seas) to the south and the Black Sea to the east. Its northern boundary is often given as the Danube, Sava and Kupa rivers.


lexentry: eng/Balkans__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Balkans
trans_list: Balcania
sense:
A geographical region in southeastern Europe, roughly equivalent to the area covered by Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Greece, Kosovo, North Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia, sometimes including Romania, Slovenia, and European Turkey. [19th c.]


lexentry: eng/Bambara__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Bambara
trans_list: lingua Bambara
sense:
A West Sudanic language spoken mainly in Mali by as many as six million people, and by smaller numbers of people in Senegal Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire, and Gambia.


lexentry: eng/Barabbas__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Barabbas
trans_list: Barabbās
sense:
(Christianity) In the accounts of the Passion of Christ, an insurrectionary whom Pontius Pilate freed at the Passover feast in Jerusalem, instead of Jesus.


lexentry: eng/Barbary_macaque__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Barbary macaque
trans_list: Macaca sylvanus
sense:
Macaca sylvanus, an Old World monkey found in Gibraltar and the Atlas Mountains in Algeria and Morocco.


lexentry: eng/Baroque__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Baroque
trans_list: barocus
sense:
(arts, music) A period in western architecture, art and music from ca. 1600 to ca. 1760 CE, known for its abundance of drama, rich color, and extensive ornamentation.


lexentry: eng/Baruch__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Baruch
trans_list: Baruch
sense:
(biblical character) Any of a number of Old Testament men, including the scribe and companion of Jeremiah.


lexentry: eng/Basque__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Basque
trans_list: lingua Vasconica
sense:
A member of a cultural and ethnic people living in the western Pyrenees and the Bay of Biscay between France and Spain.


lexentry: eng/Basse-Terre__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Basse-Terre
trans_list: Ima Tellus
sense:
The capital city of the overseas department of the Guadeloupe, France, located in the Lesser Antilles.


lexentry: eng/Baton_Rouge__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Baton Rouge
trans_list: Rubribaculum
sense:
The capital city of the state of Louisiana in the United States and the parish seat of East Baton Rouge Parish.


lexentry: eng/Bavaria__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Bavaria
trans_list: Bavaria
sense:
One of the component states of Germany according to the current administrative division of the nation, which includes the historical Bavaria and parts of Swabia and Franconia.


lexentry: eng/Bay_of_Biscay__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Bay of Biscay
trans_list: Mare Cantabricum
sense:
a gulf of the North Atlantic Ocean along the western coast of France from Brest south to the Spanish border, and the northern coast of Spain, named for the Spanish province of Biscay


lexentry: eng/Beas__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Beas
trans_list: Hypasis
sense:
A river of Himachal Pradesh and Punjab in northern India, rising in the Himalayas and emptying into the Sutlej.


lexentry: eng/Beast__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Beast
trans_list: animal
sense:
(biblical) A figure in the Book of Revelation (Apocalypse), often identified with Satan or the Antichrist.


lexentry: eng/Beetle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Beetle
trans_list: coleopterum
sense:
(UK, Australia, NZ) A small car, the Volkswagen Beetle (original version made 1938–2003, similar models made 1997–2010 and since 2011).


lexentry: eng/Belarusian__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Belarusian
sense:
(uncountable) The Slavic language spoken in Belarus (formerly called White Ruthenia or White Russia).

trans_list:
lingua Alborussa | lingua Alborussica | lingua Alborūthēna | lingua Alborūthēnica | lingua Rūthēna Alba | lingua Rūthēnica Alba


lexentry: eng/Belgium__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Belgium
trans_list: Belgium | Belgica | Belgia
sense:
A country in Western Europe that has borders with the Netherlands, Germany, Luxembourg and France. Official name: Kingdom of Belgium. Capital and largest city: Brussels.


lexentry: eng/Belisarius__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Belisarius
trans_list: Belisarius
sense:
(history) a general of the Byzantine Empire, who was instrumental to Emperor Justinian's ambitious project of reconquering much of the Mediterranean territory of the former Western Roman Empire, which had been lost less than a century previously


lexentry: eng/Benedict__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Benedict
trans_list: Benedictus
sense:
(countable) A en given name, particularly of the sixth-century founder of the Benedictine order, and of several popes.


lexentry: eng/Bengal__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Bengal
trans_list: Bengala
sense:
A region in the northeast of South Asia, today divided between Bangladesh and India (particularly the state of West Bengal).


lexentry: eng/Bering_Strait__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Bering Strait
trans_list: Fretum Beringianum
sense:
A strait between Chukotka, Russia and Alaska, United States, linking the Arctic Ocean to the Bering Sea.


lexentry: eng/Berlin_Wall__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Berlin Wall
trans_list: mūrus Berolīnēnsis | vallum Berolīnēnse
sense:
(history) A wall that parted the city of Berlin until 1989, constructed by the German Democratic Republic to keep East Germans from escaping to West Berlin.


lexentry: eng/Betelgeuse__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Betelgeuse
trans_list: Betelgeuze | Betelgeuse
sense:
(star) A bright-red supergiant intrinsic variable star, the second brightest star in the constellation Orion; Alpha (α) Orionis. It is the tenth brightest star in the nighttime, and one of the largest stars known.


lexentry: eng/Big_Dipper__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Big Dipper
trans_list: Plaustrum | septentriō | septentriōnēs
sense:
(constellation, especially, US) A bright circumpolar asterism of the northern sky, said to resemble a ladle or cart, and a part of the constellation Ursa Major which includes the stars Mizar, Dubhe, and Alkaid. [from 1845] The other stars comprising it are Alioth, Megrez, Merak, and Phecda.


lexentry: eng/Bilbao__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Bilbao
trans_list: Amanun Portus | Bilbaum | Flaviobriga
sense:
The largest city in the Basque Country, in northern Spain, and capital city of the province of Biscay, Spain.


lexentry: eng/Bithynia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Bithynia
trans_list: Bīthȳnia | Bithynia
sense:
(historical) A region, ancient kingdom, and historical province of the Roman Empire, in the northwest of Asia Minor in modern Turkey.


lexentry: eng/Black_Death__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Black Death
trans_list: atra mors
sense:
(disease, historical) A pandemic outbreak of bubonic plague throughout Europe and most of Asia in the 14th century that killed nearly half the population of Europe and Asia.


lexentry: eng/Black_Sea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Black Sea
trans_list: Pontus Euxinus | Pontus
sense:
An inland sea bound by Southeastern Europe in the west, Eastern Europe in the north and northeast, and Turkey in the south.


lexentry: eng/Bob's_your_uncle__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Bob's your uncle
trans_list: promptus
sense:
(UK, Commonwealth, Hong Kong, idiomatic) "No problem", "the solution is simple", "there you have it", "It's that easy", "you have what you want", "all will be well": indicates a desirable conclusion has been reached with ease.


lexentry: eng/Boeotia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Boeotia
trans_list: Boeotia
sense:
A district of Ancient Greece, formerly renowned for the French proverbially equating the residents with philistinism; now, a district in east Central Greece, situated on the peninsula, west of Euboea, north of Attica and Megaris, and east of Phocis. The present-day capital of the prefecture is Livadeia.


lexentry: eng/Bogdania__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Bogdania
trans_list: Bogdania | Bogdania Nigra | Nigra Bogdania
sense:
(historical) Moldavia, Great Wallachia, the territory between Transylvania and the Dniester north of Wallachia and south of Lithuania, conquered by the Ottomans in 1512


lexentry: eng/Boise__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Boise
trans_list: Boscatum | Xylopolis
sense:
The capital and largest city of Idaho, United States, and the county seat of Ada County; probably named for the river.


lexentry: eng/Bolivia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Bolivia
trans_list: Bolivia
sense:
A country in South America. Official name: Plurinational State of Bolivia. Capitals: La Paz and Sucre.


lexentry: eng/Bonaire__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Bonaire
trans_list: Boni Aëris
sense:
An island in the southern part of the Caribbean Sea off the west coast of Venezuela, a special municipality of the Netherlands.


lexentry: eng/Bonn__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Bonn
trans_list: Bonna | Castra Bonnensia | Verona
sense:
A city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, on the River Rhine, which was the capital of the former West Germany.


lexentry: eng/Bordeaux__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Bordeaux
trans_list: Burdigala
sense:
The capital city of the Gironde department, France; capital city of the region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine.


lexentry: eng/Boreas__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Boreas
trans_list: Boreas
sense:
(Greek god) The god of the North Wind, Storms, Winter, Ice, Snow, Loneliness, Solitude, Absence, Lack, Sadness,Depression, Calmness, and Serenity .


lexentry: eng/Bosnia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Bosnia
trans_list: Bosnia
sense:
The northern three-fourths of the country of Bosnia and Herzegovina, as a geographic and historical entity, not an administrative unit.


lexentry: eng/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Bosnia and Herzegovina
trans_list: Bosnia et Herzegovina | Bosnia et Herzegovia
sense:
A country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe. Official name: Bosnia and Herzegovina. Capital and largest city: Sarajevo. Part of Yugoslavia until 1992.


lexentry: eng/Bosphorus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Bosphorus
trans_list: Bosporus | Bosporus Thracius
sense:
The narrow strait beside Istanbul, Turkey connecting the Black Sea to the Sea of Marmara, the northern end of the Turkish Straits connecting the Black Sea with the Aegean and Mediterranean.


lexentry: eng/Bouches-du-Rhône__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Bouches-du-Rhône
trans_list: Ostia Rhodani
sense:
One of the departments in Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France; located in the historical region and province of Provence. Capital: Marseille.


lexentry: eng/Boudica__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Boudica
trans_list: Boudicca
sense:
A queen of the British Iceni tribe that led an uprising against the occupying forces of the Roman Empire, died c. 61 CE


lexentry: eng/Boötes__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Boötes
trans_list: Bootes | Arctophylax | Arcturus
sense:
(constellation) A circumpolar constellation of the northern sky, called the “bear-guard” or the “herdsman”. It includes the fourth-brightest star in the night sky, Arcturus.


lexentry: eng/Brabant__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Brabant
trans_list: Brabantia
sense:
(historical) Until 1995, a province of central Belgium; since divided into Flemish Brabant, Brussels-Capital Region and Walloon Brabant.


lexentry: eng/Brazil__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Brazil
trans_list: Brasilia
sense:
A large Portuguese-speaking country in South America. Official name: Federative Republic of Brazil. Capital: Brasília.


lexentry: eng/Bregenz__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Bregenz
trans_list: Brigantium | Brigantia
sense:
The capital of and third largest city in the state of Vorarlberg, Austria, located on the eastern shore of Lake Constance on a plateau at the foot of the Pfänder; it is best known for hosting numerous festivals throughout the summer months, most notably the Bregenzer Festspiele; the city is the administrative centre of its eponymous district.


lexentry: eng/Brezhnev__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Brezhnev
trans_list: Brežnev
sense:
A transliteration of the Russian surname Бре́жнев (Bréžnev); usually refers to the Russian revolutionary and Soviet Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU(b) Leonid Brezhnev.


lexentry: eng/Briseis__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Briseis
trans_list: Briseis
sense:
(Greek mythology) A legendary figure who features in the Iliad; a princess granted as concubine to Achilles after the sacking of her city, Lyrnessus, before the beginning of the story.


lexentry: eng/Bristol__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Bristol
trans_list: Bristolium
sense:
A city, ceremonial county, and unitary authority in southwest England bordering Gloucestershire, Somerset and The River Severn.


lexentry: eng/British_English__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: British English
trans_list: Anglica Britannica
sense:
The English language as written and spoken in the United Kingdom (in contrast with other places, particularly other countries where English is predominant or at least an important language)


lexentry: eng/British_Isles__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: British Isles
trans_list: Britanniae | Britannicae insulae
sense:
An archipelago in Northern Europe, consisting of the islands of Great Britain, Ireland, Anglesey, the Isle of Man, the Isle of Wight, the Hebrides, the Shetland Islands, the Orkney Islands, the Isles of Scilly, the Channel Islands and many smaller islands.


lexentry: eng/Britisher__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Britisher
trans_list: Britannicus
sense:
(India) The British colonial authorities; a European member of the British Raj, especially an officer from the colonial authorities.


lexentry: eng/Briton__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Briton
trans_list: Britannus
sense:
An inhabitant of Great Britain, particularly (historical) a Celt from the area of Roman Britain or (obsolete) a Welshman.


lexentry: eng/Brno__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Brno
trans_list: Bruna
sense:
The capital of the South Moravian Region, Czech Republic, and the second-largest city in the Czech Republic.


lexentry: eng/Bronze_Age__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Bronze Age
trans_list: aetas aënea | aetas aenea
sense:
(archaeology) A period in a civilization's development when the most advanced metalworking has developed the techniques of smelting copper from natural outcroppings and alloys it to cast bronze.


lexentry: eng/Brooklyn__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Brooklyn
trans_list: Brooklynium | Brooklynum | Bruclinum
sense:
A borough of New York City, New York, United States. It is located on the western end of Long Island.


lexentry: eng/Brumaire__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Brumaire
trans_list: brumarius
sense:
(historical) The second month of the French Republican Calendar, from October 22, 23 or 24 to November 20, 21 or 22.


lexentry: eng/Brussels_sprout__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Brussels sprout
trans_list: Cauliculus Bruxellanus
sense:
(chiefly, in the plural) The green vegetable Brassica oleracea var. gemmifera, a cabbage variety native to Belgium.


lexentry: eng/Bulgaria__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Bulgaria
trans_list: Bulgaria
sense:
A country in Southeast Europe. Official name: Republic of Bulgaria. Capital and largest city: Sofia.


lexentry: eng/Burgundy__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Burgundy
trans_list: Burgundia
sense:
A region and former administrative region of France; since 2016, part of the administrative region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté.


lexentry: eng/Burma__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Burma
trans_list: Birmania
sense:
A country in Southeast Asia. Official name: Republic of the Union of Myanmar. Capital: Naypyidaw. Officially known as Myanmar.


lexentry: eng/Busan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Busan
trans_list: Pusanum
sense:
A metropolitan city of South Korea. It is the second largest city and the largest port city in Korea. It is also well known for its beaches and port.


lexentry: eng/Byzantine_Empire__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Byzantine Empire
trans_list: Imperium Byzantinum | Bȳzantium | Imperium Romanum Orientale
sense:
(historical) The predominantly Greek-speaking continuation of the Roman Empire during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages with its capital city being Constantinople (modern-day Istanbul), originally known as Byzantium, which fell in 1453.


lexentry: eng/Byzantium__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Byzantium
trans_list: Bȳzantium | Byzantium
sense:
An ancient Greek city situated on the Bosporus in modern Turkey, named Constantinople in 330 C.E.; modern Istanbul.


lexentry: eng/CE__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: CE
trans_list: A. D. | AD | aer. comm. | aer. vulg. | p. Chr. | p. Chr. n.
sense:
Initialism of Common Era, Current Era or Christian Era. Equivalent of AD. Like other era initialisms, often written in small caps.


lexentry: eng/Caelus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Caelus
trans_list: Uranus
sense:
(Roman god) The personification of the sky and heavens. Either the brother-husband or son-&-husband of Terra, with whom he fathered the Titans and the Cyclops. He is the Roman counterpart of Uranus.


lexentry: eng/Caesar_salad__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Caesar salad
trans_list: Caesar
sense:
(gastronomy, countable, and, uncountable) A type of salad, generally made from romaine lettuce, croutons, parmesan cheese, coddled or hard-boiled eggs, fresh-ground black pepper and Worcestershire sauce.


lexentry: eng/Caesarea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Caesarea
trans_list: Caesarēa
sense:
Former name of Cherchell, a city in northern Algeria and the former capital of Mauretania and Numidia.


lexentry: eng/Calvary__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Calvary
trans_list: Calvarium
sense:
The hill outside Jerusalem which is traditionally held to be the location of the crucifixion of Jesus.


lexentry: eng/Cambodia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Cambodia
trans_list: Cambosia | Cambodia
sense:
A country in Southeast Asia. Official name: Kingdom of Cambodia. Capital: Phnom Penh. Former name: Kampuchea.


lexentry: eng/Cameroon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Cameroon
trans_list: Cameronia
sense:
A country in Central Africa. Official name: Republic of Cameroon. Capital: Yaoundé. It also claims Ambazonia.


lexentry: eng/Canary_Islands__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Canary Islands
trans_list: Canāriae | Canāriae Īnsulae | Fortūnātae Īnsulae
sense:
An archipelago off the coast of northwestern Africa, near Morocco and belonging to Spain as an autonomous community.


lexentry: eng/Cancer__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Cancer
trans_list: Cancer
sense:
(astrology) The zodiac sign for the crab, ruled by the Moon and covering June 22 - July 22 (tropical astrology) or July 16 - August 15 (sidereal astrology).


lexentry: eng/Candlemas__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Candlemas
trans_list: missa candelarum
sense:
The festival in the Christian year celebrated on February 2nd. It commemorates the purification of the Virgin Mary and the presentation of the infant Jesus in the Temple.


lexentry: eng/Canes_Venatici__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Canes Venatici
trans_list: Canes Venatici
sense:
(constellation) A dim spring constellation of the northern sky, said to resemble a pair of hunting dogs (Chara and Asterion) held on a leash by Boötes and following the bear Ursa Major.


lexentry: eng/Canis_Major__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Canis Major
trans_list: Canis Maior
sense:
(constellation) A winter constellation of the northern sky, said to resemble a dog following the hunter Orion. It includes the brightest star in the night sky, Sirius (sometimes called the Dog Star).


lexentry: eng/Canis_Minor__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Canis Minor
trans_list: Canis Minor
sense:
(constellation) A small winter constellation of the northern sky, said to resemble a dog following the hunter Orion. It is most notable for including the eighth brightest star in the night sky, Procyon.


lexentry: eng/Cannae__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Cannae
trans_list: Cannae
sense:
(historical) A village in the Apulia region of south east Italy, known as the site of a battle in 216 B.C. in which the Carthaginians under Hannibal defeated the Romans


lexentry: eng/Canopus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Canopus
trans_list: Canōpus
sense:
(star) A yellowish-white supergiant star in the constellation Carina; Alpha (α) Carinae. It is the second brightest star in the night sky.


lexentry: eng/Canterbury__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Canterbury
trans_list: Durovernum | Cantuāria
sense:
A local government district of Kent, England, the City of Canterbury, formed in 1974, with its headquarters in the city itself.


lexentry: eng/Cantonese__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Cantonese
trans_list: cantonensis
sense:
(uncountable) A dialect of the Cantonese language, spoken in Guangzhou (Canton), Hong Kong, Macau, and treated as the standard dialect of the Cantonese language.


lexentry: eng/Capricorn__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Capricorn
trans_list: Capricornus
sense:
(astrology) : The zodiac sign for the goat, ruled by Saturn and covering December 22 – January 20 (tropical astrology) or January 15 – February 14 (sidereal astrology).


lexentry: eng/Carcassonne__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Carcassonne
trans_list: Carcaso | Carcassona
sense:
An old walled city, capital of Aude department, formerly in Languedoc-Roussillon, now Occitanie, France.


lexentry: eng/Caribbean_Sea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Caribbean Sea
trans_list: Mare Caribicum
sense:
A tropical sea in the Western Hemisphere, part of the Atlantic Ocean, southeast of the Gulf of Mexico.


lexentry: eng/Carina__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Carina
trans_list: Carina
sense:
(constellation) A summer constellation of the southern sky, said to resemble the keel of a ship. It contains the star Canopus, the second brightest star in the night sky. Until 1763, it was part of a larger constellation, Argo Navis.


lexentry: eng/Carniola__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Carniola
trans_list: Carniola | Carneola
sense:
(historical) A historical region of the Holy Roman and Austrian empires that comprised parts of what is now Slovenia.


lexentry: eng/Carolingian__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Carolingian
trans_list: Carolingi
sense:
Any member of a Frankish noble family with its origins in the Arnulfing and Pippinid clans of the seventh century.


lexentry: eng/Carpathians__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Carpathians
trans_list: Alpes Bastarnicae
sense:
A large mountainous system in Central Europe, mainly in Transylvania (Romania) and the Polish (Silesian)-Slovak border region.


lexentry: eng/Carson_City__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Carson City
trans_list: Carsonia
sense:
The capital city of Nevada, United States. It is an independent city, and the former Ormsby County was merged with the city in 1969.


lexentry: eng/Cartesian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Cartesian
trans_list: Cartesiānus
sense:
Of, or pertaining to, Descartes, his mathematical methods, or his philosophy, especially with regard to its emphasis on logical analysis and its mechanistic interpretation of physical nature.


lexentry: eng/Carthusian__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Carthusian
trans_list: Cartusiānus
sense:
A member of a Christian contemplative order of monks founded by Bruno of Cologne (St Bruno) in 1084.


lexentry: eng/Caspian_Sea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Caspian Sea
trans_list: Caspium mare | Mare Caspium
sense:
A landlocked sea (properly a saline lake) between Eastern Europe and Asia, and the Earth’s largest inland body of water.


lexentry: eng/Cassandra__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Cassandra
trans_list: Cassandra
sense:
(Greek mythology) A prophetess who was daughter of King Priam of Troy and his queen Hecuba. She captured the eye of Apollo and was granted the ability to see the future; however, she was destined never to be believed.


lexentry: eng/Cassiopeia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Cassiopeia
trans_list: Cassiopeia
sense:
(Greek mythology) Proud wife of Cepheus and mother of Andromeda, queen of Ethiopia. When she boasted that her beauty was equal to that of the Nereids, she was punished by Poseidon.


lexentry: eng/Cassiopeia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Cassiopeia
trans_list: Cassiopeia
sense:
(constellation) A circumpolar constellation of the northern sky representing Queen Cassiopeia from Greek myth. The constellation lies between Cepheus and Perseus and contains the stars Schedar and Caph.


lexentry: eng/Castile__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Castile
trans_list: Castella
sense:
A vaguely defined region of central Spain generally corresponding to the regions of Old and New Castile.


lexentry: eng/Catalan_Countries__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Catalan Countries
trans_list: Catalonia
sense:
A name given to the country that will be formed in a hypothetical and independent political union of all Catalan-speaking regions.


lexentry: eng/Catalan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Catalan
trans_list: lingua Catalana | catalana
sense:
The Romance language of Catalonia, an autonomous region in the northeast of Spain, also spoken in the Valencian autonomous region (where the language is officially named valencià), the Balearic Islands, Andorra, Roussillon in France, and the Sardinian city of Alghero.


lexentry: eng/Catch-22__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Catch-22
trans_list: circulus in definiendo
sense:
(idiomatic) A difficult situation from which there is no escape because it involves mutually conflicting or dependent conditions.


lexentry: eng/Cathar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Cathar
trans_list: Cathara | Catharus | Catharī
sense:
A member of certain so self-styled Novatian and other medieval Christian sects embracing a form of dualism and extraordinary practices purportedly adhering to Mary Magdalene's teachings, persecuted by Roman Catholics as heretics.


lexentry: eng/Cathay__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Cathay
trans_list: Cataya | Cathaya | Serica
sense:
(archaic) China, specifically medieval northern China as reached by the overland Silk Road to Xi'an or Beijing, not known at the time to be related to southern China as reached by the maritime routes to Guangzhou.


lexentry: eng/Catholic_Church__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Catholic Church
trans_list: Ecclesia Catholica
sense:
The Catholic Church, which consists of 24 particular churches in full communion with the Pope as the Bishop of Rome.


lexentry: eng/Caucasian_Albania__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Caucasian Albania
trans_list: Albānia
sense:
An ancient region and former kingdom in Western Asia, south of the Caucasus mountains, east of Armenia and west of the Caspian Sea.


lexentry: eng/Caucasian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Caucasian
trans_list: albus
sense:
(anthropology, dated) Of a racial classification pertaining to people having certain phenotypical features such as straight, curly, or wavy hair and very light to brown pigmented skin, and originating from Europe, parts of Northern Africa and Central, South, and Western Asia.


lexentry: eng/Caucasus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Caucasus
trans_list: Caucasus
sense:
(geopolitical) A geopolitical region in Eastern Europe and Western Asia, deriving its name from the aforementioned mountains.


lexentry: eng/Celtiberian__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Celtiberian
trans_list: Celtibērī
sense:
A member of a Celtic people living in the Iberian Peninsula, chiefly in what is now north central Spain, before and during the Roman Empire.


lexentry: eng/Celtic_Sea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Celtic Sea
trans_list: Mare Verginium
sense:
A sea in British Isles, Europe, in the Atlantic The area of the Atlantic Ocean off the south coast of Ireland bounded by Saint George's Channel, the Bristol Channel, the English Channel, and the Bay of Biscay.


lexentry: eng/Centaurus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Centaurus
trans_list: Centaurus
sense:
(constellation) A spring constellation of the northern sky (and autumn of the southern sky) with the outline of a centaur. It includes the stars Alpha Centauri (Rigil Kentaurus and Toliman), Proxima Centauri, and Hadar.


lexentry: eng/Central_Europe__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Central Europe
trans_list: Europa Centralis
sense:
A geographic region in the center of Europe, usually including Austria, Switzerland, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia, Croatia and Germany.


lexentry: eng/Cepheus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Cepheus
trans_list: Cepheus
sense:
(Greek mythology) Husband of Cassiopeia, king of Eritrea, father of Andromeda. There may be two mythical kings by this name.


lexentry: eng/Cepheus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Cepheus
trans_list: Cepheus
sense:
(constellation) A circumpolar constellation of the northern sky, located between Draco and Cassiopeia and representing the king Cepheus from Greek myth. It contains the star Alderamin.


lexentry: eng/Cerberus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Cerberus
trans_list: Cerberus
sense:
(Greek mythology) The giant three-headed dog who guards the entrance to Hades; and one of the many offspring of Echidna and Typhon.


lexentry: eng/Ceres__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Ceres
trans_list: Cerēs | Ceres
sense:
(astronomy) A celestial body orbiting between Mars and Jupiter, the innermost dwarf planet; officially called (1) Ceres. (see usage notes)


lexentry: eng/Cetus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Cetus
trans_list: Cētus | Cetus
sense:
(constellation) A winter constellation of the northern sky, said to resemble a whale. It includes the star Mira.


lexentry: eng/Chad__Proper_noun__2
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Chad
trans_list: Tzadia
sense:
Lake Chad (a freshwater lake at the junction of Nigeria, Niger, Chad and Cameroon in Central Africa).


lexentry: eng/Chalcedon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Chalcedon
trans_list: Calchēdōn
sense:
An ancient maritime town of Bithynia, in Asia Minor in modern Turkey, almost directly opposite Byzantium.


lexentry: eng/Chaldea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Chaldea
trans_list: Chaldaea
sense:
A region in the southern portion of Babylonia, Lower Mesopotamia, lying chiefly on the right bank of the Euphrates, but commonly used to refer to the whole of the Mesopotamian plain.


lexentry: eng/Chaldean_Catholic_Church__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Chaldean Catholic Church
trans_list: Ecclesia Chaldaeorum Catholica
sense:
(Christianity) An Eastern Catholic particular church (sui juris), which uses the Chaldean rite, in full communion with the Holy See and the rest of the Catholic Church.


lexentry: eng/Chamaeleon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Chamaeleon
trans_list: Chamaeleon
sense:
(constellation) A small circumpolar constellation of the southern sky, imagined to resemble a chameleon, which lies south of the constellations Carina and Musca.


lexentry: eng/Channel_Islands__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Channel Islands
trans_list: Insulae Normannicae | Insulae Normannorum
sense:
A group of islands of the Duchy of Normandy in the English Channel: Jersey, Guernsey, Alderney, Sark, Herm, Brecqhou, Lihou, Jethou and Burhou.


lexentry: eng/Charlemagne__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Charlemagne
trans_list: Carolus Magnus
sense:
One of the kings of the Franks from 768 to 814, crowned Holy Roman Emperor in 800 until his death in 814.


lexentry: eng/Chenab__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Chenab
trans_list: Acesines
sense:
a river in Punjab, Pakistan and the union territory of Jammu and Kashmir and the state of Himachal Pradesh in India.


lexentry: eng/Cheops__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Cheops
trans_list: Cheops
sense:
a pharaoh of Egypt, who ruled in the first half of the Old Kingdom period (26th century BC) and is renowned as the builder of the Great Pyramid of Giza


lexentry: eng/Chernihiv__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Chernihiv
trans_list: Czernihovia
sense:
A port city, the administrative centre of Chernihiv Raion, Chernihiv Oblast, in northern Ukraine, on the Desna River.


lexentry: eng/Cheyenne__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Cheyenne
trans_list: Cheyenna
sense:
A river in the United States; flowing 295 miles from the confluence of the Antelope and Dry Fork creeks in Thunder Basin National Grassland, Wyoming into Lake Oahe, a reservoir of the Missouri River, at Mission Ridge, South Dakota.


lexentry: eng/Chicago__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Chicago
trans_list: Sicagum
sense:
A large city, the county seat of Cook County, in northeastern Illinois, United States, located on Lake Michigan.


lexentry: eng/Chimera__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Chimera
trans_list: Chimaera
sense:
(Greek mythology) A supposed fire-breathing monster in Lycia with the head of a lion, body of a goat, and tail of a dragon or snake, killed by the hero Bellerophon.


lexentry: eng/China__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: China
trans_list: Sina | Sinae | Chinae | Serica
sense:
A nation or civilization occupying the country around the Yellow, Yangtze, and Pearl Rivers in East Asia, taken as a whole under its various dynasties.


lexentry: eng/China__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: China
trans_list: Sina | Sinae
sense:
The principal state in this country, including (historical) an empire under various dynasties and (since 1949) the People's Republic of China.


lexentry: eng/Chinese__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Chinese
trans_list: Sinensis | Sinesis
sense:
Of, from, or related to a language native to Han Chinese persons, often used generally of Chinese characters or particularly to refer to Standard Mandarin.


lexentry: eng/Chinese__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Chinese
trans_list: Sinesis
sense:
(uncountable, collective) The citizens of China, particularly citizens of the People's Republic of China.


lexentry: eng/Chinese__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: Chinese
trans_list: sinica | sinēnsis | Sinesis
sense:
(uncountable) The branch of the Sino-Tibetan language family including Mandarin, Cantonese, Shanghainese, Southern Min, and other closely related language varieties and dialects.


lexentry: eng/Chinese_whispers__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Chinese whispers
trans_list: telephonum
sense:
(games, mostly, UK) A game for several players in which a phrase, whispered by each person in turn to their neighbour, is often unwittingly misunderstood as it is transferred, to humorous effect by the time it reaches the last person and is compared with the original phrase.


lexentry: eng/Chiron__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Chiron
trans_list: Chiron
sense:
(astronomy, astrology) A centaur (minor planet) and comet-like/asteroid-like object, orbiting between Saturn and Uranus.


lexentry: eng/Chloris__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Chloris
trans_list: Chloris
sense:
(Greek god) A nymph and the goddess of flowers and spring. She is a daughter of Oceanus and Tethys, the wife of Zephyrus, and mother of Karpos. Her Roman counterpart is Flora.


lexentry: eng/Christ's_thorn__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Christ's thorn
trans_list: paliurus
sense:
Paliurus spina-christi, a deciduous shrub or small tree of the Mediterranean and parts of Asia, with spiny shoots.


lexentry: eng/Christmas_Day__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Christmas Day
trans_list: Nativitas
sense:
The day on which Christmas is celebrated. It is December 25 in the West, and January 7 in some Eastern Orthodox churches.


lexentry: eng/Christmas__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Christmas
trans_list: Christi Natalis | festum Nativitatis Domini | nativitas
sense:
(originally, Christianity) A festival or holiday commemorating the birth of Jesus Christ and incorporating various Christian, pre-Christian, pagan, and secular customs, which in Western Christianity is celebrated on December 25 (Christmas Day) in most places.


lexentry: eng/Christmas_tree__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Christmas tree
trans_list: arbor natalicia
sense:
A conifer used during the Christmas holiday season, typically decorated with lights and ornaments and often a star or angel at its tip.


lexentry: eng/Christology__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Christology
trans_list: christologia
sense:
(uncountable) A field of study within Christian theology which is concerned with the nature of Jesus Christ, particularly with how the divine and human are related in his person.


lexentry: eng/Chronicles__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Chronicles
trans_list: Paralipomenon | Verba dierum
sense:
(book of the bible) A book of the Jewish Tanakh, divided into two Books of Chronicles in the Christian Bible.


lexentry: eng/Chrysostom__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Chrysostom
trans_list: Chrysostomus
sense:
The epithet of John Chrysostom, Dio Chrysostom and several other people, given to them for their eloquence.


lexentry: eng/Church_Father__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Church Father
trans_list: Pater Ecclēsiae
sense:
(Christianity) One of a number of male Christian writers from Antiquity whose doctrinal work is considered authoritative by the later church.


lexentry: eng/Church_of_England__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Church of England
trans_list: Ecclesia Anglicana
sense:
The English branch of the Christian Church; (since the 16th century) specifically the established Protestant church in England which is the mother church of the Anglican Communion.


lexentry: eng/Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
trans_list: Ecclesia Iesu Christi Diebus Ultimis Sanctorum
sense:
The major denomination of the Latter Day Saint movement, founded in the United States by Joseph Smith; the Mormon Church.


lexentry: eng/Cilicia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Cilicia
trans_list: Cilicia
sense:
(historical) An ancient region in southeastern Asia Minor, famed for cilice — haircloth made from the hair of Cilician goats


lexentry: eng/Circinus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Circinus
trans_list: Circinus
sense:
(constellation) A small constellation of the southern winter sky, said to resemble a compass. It lies between the constellations of Centaurus and Triangulum Australe.


lexentry: eng/Cistercian__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Cistercian
trans_list: Cisterciensis
sense:
A member of a monastic order which follows the Benedictine rule and emphasizes silent contemplative prayer.


lexentry: eng/Cleopatra__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Cleopatra
trans_list: Cleopatra
sense:
A given name of women in the Ptolemaic dynasty of Egypt; notably Queen Cleopatra VII of Egypt (69–30 BCE); last of the Ptolemy line.


lexentry: eng/Clio__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Clio
trans_list: Clīō | Clio
sense:
(Greek god) The goddess of history and heroic poetry, and one of the Muses; the daughters of Zeus and Mnemosyne.


lexentry: eng/Clotho__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Clotho
trans_list: Clōthō
sense:
(Greek mythology) The youngest of the three Fates, a daughter of Zeus and Themis; the spinner of the thread of life. Her Roman equivalent is Nona.


lexentry: eng/Cognac__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Cognac
trans_list: Coniacum
sense:
A city in the Charente department, former region of Poitou-Charentes, region of New Aquitaine, France; famous for cognac brandy.


lexentry: eng/Colchis__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Colchis
trans_list: Colchis
sense:
(historical) An ancient region and kingdom on the coast of the Black Sea, corresponding to what is now western Georgia.


lexentry: eng/Cold_War__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Cold War
trans_list: Bellum Frigidum
sense:
(historical) The period of hostility short of open war between the Soviet Bloc and the Western powers, especially the United States, between 1945 and 1991.


lexentry: eng/Colorado__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Colorado
trans_list: Flūmen Colōrātum
sense:
A major river of western North America, running from the Rocky Mountains in the United States to the Gulf of California in Mexico.


lexentry: eng/Colorado_beetle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Colorado beetle
trans_list: Leptinotarsa decemlineata
sense:
A beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata, formerly Doryphora decemlineata, with black and yellow stripes, that is a serious pest of potatoes.


lexentry: eng/Colossians__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Colossians
trans_list: Colossenses
sense:
(biblical) The twelfth book of the New Testament of the Bible, an epistle to the people of Colossae which is attributed to Paul the Apostle.


lexentry: eng/Colossus_of_Rhodes__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Colossus of Rhodes
trans_list: Colossus Rhodi
sense:
A statue of Greek god Helios in ancient Rhodes, Greece. One of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.


lexentry: eng/Columba__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Columba
trans_list: Columba
sense:
Saint Columba of Iona, one of the Gaelic missionary monks who reintroduced Christianity to Scotland during the Dark Ages.


lexentry: eng/Columbia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: Columbia
trans_list: Kolumbija
sense:
District of Columbia The federal capital region of the United States of America, including Washington, D.C.


lexentry: eng/Columbian__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: Columbian
trans_list: lectio
sense:
(uncountable, US, _, printing, dated) A size of type between English and great primer, standardized as 16-point.


lexentry: eng/Coma_Berenices__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Coma Berenices
trans_list: Coma Berenices
sense:
(constellation) A small dim summer constellation of the northern sky, said to represent an offering of hair from Queen Berenice II of Egypt. Originally considered to represent the tuft of hair on the end of Leo's tail.


lexentry: eng/Commagene__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Commagene
trans_list: Commagene
sense:
(historical) An ancient Armenian kingdom in northeastern Anatolia, modern Turkey, with a capital at Samosata.


lexentry: eng/Common_Era__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Common Era
trans_list: aera communis
sense:
(chronology) The secular equivalent of anno Domini and the Christian Era, the internationally recognized method of numbering years on the Gregorian calendar.


lexentry: eng/Commonwealth_of_Independent_States__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Commonwealth of Independent States
trans_list: Independentium Civitatum Foederatio
sense:
An alliance and confederation of nine former Soviet republics: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan formed as a successor to the Soviet Union.


lexentry: eng/Commonwealth_of_Nations__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Commonwealth of Nations
trans_list: Consortio Populorum
sense:
An association of independent, sovereign states most of which formerly constituted the British Empire.


lexentry: eng/Confederate_States_of_America__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Confederate States of America
trans_list: Civitates Confoederatae Americae
sense:
(historical) An unrecognized nation existing from 1861–1865, consisting of the eleven Southern states who sought independence from the United States of America over the issue of slavery.


lexentry: eng/Confucianism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Confucianism
trans_list: confucianismus
sense:
The philosophy and teaching of Confucius, which emphasizes self-cultivation, collective harmony, righteousness and the family structure.


lexentry: eng/Congress_Poland__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Congress Poland
trans_list: Regnum Poloniae
sense:
(historical) The Kingdom of Poland created in 1815 by the Congress of Vienna as a sovereign state of the Russian part of Poland connected by personal union with the Russian Empire under the Constitution of the Kingdom of Poland until 1832.


lexentry: eng/Copernicus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Copernicus
trans_list: Copernicus
sense:
Nicolaus Copernicus, a mathematician and astronomer who formulated a model of the universe that placed the Sun rather than the Earth at the center of the universe.


lexentry: eng/Coptic__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Coptic
trans_list: lingua coptica | lingua Coptica
sense:
The Afroasiatic language traditionally spoken by the Copts in Egypt, now extinct and used only as a liturgical language.


lexentry: eng/Corduene__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Corduene
trans_list: Corduēna
sense:
(antiquity, historical) An ancient historical region, located south of Lake Van, in present-day eastern Turkey.


lexentry: eng/Corfu__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Corfu
trans_list: Corcyra
sense:
An island in Greece, one of the Ionian Islands. The ancient name is Corcyra (Κόρκυρα), in Modern Greek Kérkira (Κέρκυρα).


lexentry: eng/Corinthians__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Corinthians
trans_list: Corinthios
sense:
(biblical) Either of the two books in the New Testament of the Bible that are written as epistles to the people of Corinth and which are attributed to Paul the Apostle, Sosthenes and Timothy.


lexentry: eng/Cornwall__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Cornwall
trans_list: Cornubia
sense:
The country of the Cornish, currently having the status of a royal duchy in England belonging to the male heir apparent to the reigning monarch, and consisting at least of the Cornwall County and the Isles of Scilly.


lexentry: eng/Cornwall__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Cornwall
trans_list: Cornubia
sense:
The westernmost of the three historical counties of Jamaica, bordered by the county of Middlesex in the east; named for the English county.


lexentry: eng/Corsica__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Corsica
trans_list: Corsica
sense:
An island, department, and administrative region of France, in the Mediterranean to the north of Sardinia.


lexentry: eng/Corvus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Corvus
trans_list: Corvus
sense:
(constellation) A constellation of the southern sky south of the constellation Virgo, said to resemble a crow.


lexentry: eng/Council_of_Europe__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Council of Europe
trans_list: Consilium Europae
sense:
An international organisation focused on protecting human rights, democracy, rule of law in Europe, with headquarters in Strasbourg, France.


lexentry: eng/Crater__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Crater
trans_list: Crater
sense:
(constellation) A dim spring constellation of the northern sky, said to resemble a cup. It lies between the constellations Virgo and Hydra.


lexentry: eng/Cretaceous__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Cretaceous
trans_list: creta
sense:
(geology) The geologic period within the Mesozoic era that comprises lower and upper epochs from about 146 to 66 million years ago.


lexentry: eng/Crimea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Crimea
trans_list: Crimaea
sense:
Synonym of Crimean peninsula: A peninsula in the Black Sea, Europe, officially part of Ukraine, annexed by Russia. A peninsula which juts southwards out of the Ukrainian mainland (to which it is connected by the Isthmus of Perekop) into the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov, separating the Sea of Azov from the Black Sea.


lexentry: eng/Crimea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Crimea
trans_list: Crimaea
sense:
(historical) Synonym of Crimean Khanate: A historical country in Crimean Peninsula, Europe. The Crimean Khanate, which for much of its history controlled most of the Crimean peninsula and various adjacent areas of the mainland.


lexentry: eng/Croatia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Croatia
trans_list: Croātia | Croatia
sense:
A country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe. Official name: Republic of Croatia. Capital and largest city: Zagreb. Part of Yugoslavia until 1991.


lexentry: eng/Cronus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Cronus
trans_list: Cronus
sense:
(Greek mythology) The youngest of the twelve Titans, son of Uranus and Gaia; father to the first generation of Olympian gods and goddesses.


lexentry: eng/Crusade__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Crusade
trans_list: expeditio sacra | Cruciata
sense:
Any of a series of religious campaigns by Christian forces from the 11th to the 13th century, mostly to capture the Holy Land from the Muslims who occupied it.


lexentry: eng/Crux__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Crux
trans_list: Crux
sense:
(constellation) A distinctive winter constellation of the southern sky, shaped like a cross. It appears in the flags of several countries in Oceania.


lexentry: eng/Ctesiphon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ctesiphon
trans_list: Ctēsiphōn
sense:
(historical) An ancient capital of Parthia and later of the Sassanid Persian Empire, on the Tigris near Baghdad in present-day Iraq, abandoned in the 7th and 8th centuries.


lexentry: eng/Cuba__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Cuba
trans_list: Cuba
sense:
A country, and the largest island (based on land area) in the Caribbean. Capital and largest city: Havana.


lexentry: eng/Cupid__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Cupid
trans_list: Amor | Cupīdō
sense:
(Roman god) The god of love, son of Venus; sometimes depicted as a cherub (a naked, winged boy with bow and arrow). The Roman counterpart of Eros.


lexentry: eng/Curaçao__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Curaçao
trans_list: Cucensis | Curatius | Cūrātiō | īnsula Cūrātiōnis
sense:
An island in the southern part of the Caribbean Sea off the west coast of Venezuela, a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands.


lexentry: eng/Cyclades__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Cyclades
trans_list: Cyclades
sense:
An Aegean island chain in southeast-central Greece, surrounding the main island Delos, further including the islands of Andros, Naxos, Paros, Santorini, Syra, Tinos and Zea.


lexentry: eng/Cygnus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Cygnus
trans_list: Cygnus
sense:
(constellation) A summer constellation of the northern sky, said to resemble a swan. It includes the triple star system HD 188753 and the stars Deneb and Albireo.


lexentry: eng/Cynic__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Cynic
trans_list: Cynicus
sense:
A member of a sect of Ancient Greek philosophers who believed virtue to be the only good and self-control to be the only means of achieving virtue.


lexentry: eng/Cyprus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Cyprus
trans_list: Cyprus | Cypros
sense:
An island and country in the Mediterranean Sea, normally considered politically part of Southeast Europe but geographically part of Western Asia. Official name: Republic of Cyprus. Capital: Nicosia.


lexentry: eng/Cyrillic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Cyrillic
trans_list: cyrillicum
sense:
Denoting an alphabet devised for writing the Old Church Slavonic liturgical language, and its adaptations used for several languages of Eastern Europe and Asia; of or relating to this writing system.


lexentry: eng/Czech_hedgehog__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Czech hedgehog
trans_list: erinacaeus
sense:
(military) A static antitank and anti-landing craft obstacle, widely used during World War II, constructed from three mutually-perpendicular steel rails connected in the form of a tripod.


lexentry: eng/DNA__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: DNA
trans_list: ADN
sense:
(biochemistry, genetics) Initialism of deoxyribonucleic acid (“a nucleic acid found in all living things (and some non-living things such as certain viruses) which consists of two polynucleotide chains that coil around each other to form a double helix; encoded in its structure are genetic instructions for development, functioning, growth, and reproduction”).


lexentry: eng/DNA__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: DNA
trans_list: natura
sense:
(figuratively) The fundamental nature or values of a person, or an organization or other thing, especially when considered as innate and/or immutable.


lexentry: eng/DVD__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: DVD
trans_list: disculus visionis digitalis
sense:
(countable) Initialism of digital video/versatile disc; an optical disc on which video is recorded in digital format, such as commercially-released movies and other video media.


lexentry: eng/Dacia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Dacia
trans_list: Dacia
sense:
An ancient region and former kingdom located in the area now known as Romania. The Dacian kingdom was conquered by the Romans and later named Romania after them.


lexentry: eng/Daco-Romanian__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Daco-Romanian
trans_list: lingua Daco-Romana
sense:
The standard Romanian language, distinguished from the Aromanian (Macedo-Romanian), Megleno-Romanian and Istro-Romanian languages.


lexentry: eng/Dada__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Dada
trans_list: dada
sense:
A cultural movement that began in Zürich, Switzerland during and as a reaction to World War I and peaked from 1916 to 1920, which primarily involved visual arts, literature (mainly poetry), theatre, and graphic design, and was characterized by deliberate irrationality, disillusionment, cynicism, nihilism, randomness, and rejection of the prevailing standards in art.


lexentry: eng/Danish_pastry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Danish pastry
trans_list: portiuncula
sense:
A sweet and flaky yeast-raised roll made from a dough using butter or margarine and filled with remonce (butter and sugar) or custard.


lexentry: eng/Danube__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Danube
trans_list: Danubius | Danuvius | Ister
sense:
A river in Europe; flowing 2850 km from the confluence of the Breg and Brigach at Donaueschingen, Germany, into the Black Sea in Romania.


lexentry: eng/Danzig__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Danzig
trans_list: Dantiscum
sense:
Gdańsk (especially in reference to the times when it was part of a German-speaking state such as Prussia or Germany).


lexentry: eng/Darwinism__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Darwinism
trans_list: Darvinismus
sense:
The principles of natural selection set out in Charles Darwin's On the Origin of Species (1859), more strictly defined by August Weismann and developed by other authors into a central part of the modern evolutionary synthesis.


lexentry: eng/David__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: David
trans_list: David
sense:
(biblical character) The second king of Judah and Israel, the successor of King Saul in the Old Testament; the son of Jesse and the father of Nathan and King Solomon.


lexentry: eng/Dead_Sea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Dead Sea
trans_list: lacus Asphaltites
sense:
A lake in the Middle East in Israel, Palestine and Jordan, noted for high salinity and for its banks being the lowest land-based elevation on Earth.


lexentry: eng/Death__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Death
trans_list: Persephonē
sense:
The personification of death, often a skeleton with a scythe, and one of the four horsemen of the apocalypse.


lexentry: eng/December__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: December
trans_list: december | December
sense:
The twelfth and last month of the Gregorian calendar, following November and preceding the January of the following year, containing the southern solstice.


lexentry: eng/Delphinus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Delphinus
trans_list: Delphinus
sense:
(constellation) A small summer constellation of the northern sky, said to resemble a dolphin. It lies between the constellations Cygnus and Aquila.


lexentry: eng/Demeter__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Demeter
trans_list: Dēmētēr
sense:
(Greek god) The goddess of the fertility of the Earth and harvests, protector of marriage and social order; daughter of Cronos and Rhea, mother to Persephone.


lexentry: eng/Demiurge__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Demiurge
trans_list: damiurgus
sense:
(gnosticism) A prideful, inferior being that creates the material world; frequently identified with the creator God of the Hebrew Bible.


lexentry: eng/Democritus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Democritus
trans_list: Democritus
sense:
A Greek philosopher (c.460-c.370 BC). The originator of the atomic theory together with his teacher Leucippus.


lexentry: eng/Demosthenes__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Demosthenes
trans_list: Dēmosthenēs
sense:
An Ancient Greek en given name, famously borne by Demosthenes, the Athenian statesman and orator of 4th century BC.


lexentry: eng/Demotic_Greek__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Demotic Greek
trans_list: lingua Graeca Demotica
sense:
The Modern Greek vernacular language. It became the official Modern Greek in 1976 when Katharevousa was replaced, and was written in polytonic script until 1982, and in monotonic script after 1982.


lexentry: eng/Denmark__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Denmark
trans_list: Dania | Dānia
sense:
A town and local government area (Shire of Denmark) in the Great Southern region, Western Australia.


lexentry: eng/Desdemona__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Desdemona
trans_list: Desdemona
sense:
Othello's wife in Shakespeare's play The Tragedy of Othello, the Moor of Venice, noted for being a victim of jealousy.


lexentry: eng/Detroit__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Detroit
trans_list: Detroitum | Sinus Michiganus
sense:
The largest city and former capital of Michigan, United States, a major port on the Detroit River, known as the traditional automotive center of the U.S. It is the county seat of Wayne County.


lexentry: eng/Devon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Devon
trans_list: Devōnia
sense:
A county of England bordered by Cornwall, Somerset, Dorset, the Bristol Channel and the English Channel.


lexentry: eng/Diana__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Diana
trans_list: Diāna | Dīvāna | Dīāna | Iāna | Jāna
sense:
(Roman god) The daughter of Latona and Jupiter, and twin sister of Apollo; the goddess of the hunt, associated wild animals and the forest or wilderness, and an emblem of chastity; the Roman counterpart of Artemis.


lexentry: eng/Diocletian__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Diocletian
trans_list: Dioclētiānus
sense:
Roman cognomen, particularly borne by the Roman emperor Gaius Aurelius Valerius Diocletianus (245-313).


lexentry: eng/Dionysus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Dionysus
trans_list: Dionysus
sense:
(Greek god) The god of wine, ivy and grapes, specifically its intoxication and social influence, but also the patron of agriculture and the theater. Also related to the mystery of religion, as in "spiritual intoxication".


lexentry: eng/Dirae__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Dirae
trans_list: Dirae
sense:
(Roman god) The goddesses of vengeance; they were also known to accompany Invidia. They are the Roman counterparts of the Furies/Erinyes.


lexentry: eng/Disneyland__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Disneyland
trans_list: Disneylandia
sense:
The archetypical theme park, located in Anaheim, California. Other Disneyland theme parks exist in other cities such as Chessy (Seine-et-Marne, France), Tokyo, Shanghai, and Hong Kong.


lexentry: eng/Dobruja__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Dobruja
trans_list: Scythia Minor
sense:
A historical region shared by Bulgaria and Romania, located between the lower Danube river and the Black Sea.


lexentry: eng/Doctor__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Doctor
trans_list: clinicus
sense:
The title of an academic or medical doctor (a person who holds a doctorate); used before or instead of the doctor's name.


lexentry: eng/Domesday_Book__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Domesday Book
sense:
(historical) The Book of Winchester; the principal record of the Domesday survey of England carried out in 1086 for William the Conqueror, comprising of two volumes: the Great Domesday Book and the Little Domesday Book.

trans_list:
Angliae Notitia et Lustratio | Censualis Angliae | Liber Censualis | Liber Judicarius | Liber Judiciarius | Liber Regis


lexentry: eng/Don_Quixote__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Don Quixote
trans_list: Dominus Quixotus
sense:
A famous 1605–1615 Spanish novel by Miguel de Cervantes (1547–1616), whose full title is El ingenioso hidalgo don Quijote de la Mancha (The Ingenious Gentleman Don Quixote of La Mancha).


lexentry: eng/Don__Proper_noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Don
trans_list: Tanais
sense:
A river, the fifth-longest in Europe, in Tula, Lipetsk, Voronezh, Volgograd and Rostov Oblasts, Russia. It flows 1870 kilometers (1160 miles) to the Sea of Azov.


lexentry: eng/Donald_Duck__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Donald Duck
trans_list: Donaldus Anas
sense:
One of the Disney cartoon characters, an anthropomorphic white-feathered duck who usually wears a sailor suit and is known for his voice especially in tantrums.


lexentry: eng/Dorado__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Dorado
trans_list: Xiphias | Dorado
sense:
(constellation) A small constellation of the southern sky, said to resemble a goldfish or swordfish. It lies between the constellations Pictor and Reticulum, and is notable for containing most of the Large Magellanic Cloud.


lexentry: eng/Dorchester__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Dorchester
trans_list: Durnovaria
sense:
A town and civil parish with a town council in Dorset, southern England, which is the county town (OS grid ref SY6990).


lexentry: eng/Dorset__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Dorset
trans_list: Dorcestria | Dorsetia
sense:
A maritime county of England, bounded by Somerset, Wiltshire, Hampshire, Devon and the English Channel.


lexentry: eng/Draco__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Draco
trans_list: Draco
sense:
(constellation) A circumpolar constellation of the northern sky, said to resemble a dragon. It features a line of stars (including Thuban) that winds between Ursa Major and Ursa Minor.


lexentry: eng/Drin__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Drin
trans_list: Drinō
sense:
The longest river in Albania, flowing about 190 km across the north of the country from the confluence of the rivers Black Drin and White Drin near Kukës, west through the Fierza Reservoir then south through Lake Koman to the town of Vau i Dejës; it then splits into the Large Drin which flows into the river Buna at the Rozafa Castle near Shkodër and the Small Drin which flows into the Gulf of Drin southwest of Lezhë.


lexentry: eng/Duchy_of_Naples__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Duchy of Naples
trans_list: Ducatus Neapolitanus
sense:
(historical) A mediaeval duchy in southern Italy, established in the 7th century CE as the Byzantine outpost Ducatus Neapolitanus; especially from 661, when Emperor Constans II appointed Basil I of Naples as the new .


lexentry: eng/Dutch__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Dutch
trans_list: Batāvī | batavus
sense:
(collective) The people of the Netherlands, or one of certain ethnic groups descending from the people of the Netherlands.


lexentry: eng/Dutch__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Dutch
trans_list: batavice | nederlandice
sense:
The main language of the Netherlands, Flanders (i.e., the northern half of Belgium) and Suriname; Netherlandic.


lexentry: eng/Earthling__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Earthling
trans_list: pedester
sense:
(chiefly, science fiction) An inhabitant of Earth, as opposed to one of another planet; specifically, a sentient member of any species native to Earth. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]


lexentry: eng/East_Indies__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: East Indies
trans_list: India Orientalis
sense:
Southeast Asia, especially Island Southeast Asia or Indonesia, but also including India, Indochina, Malaya and the Malay Archipelago, from the Philippines to Indonesia.


lexentry: eng/East_Timor__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: East Timor
trans_list: Timoria Orientalis
sense:
A country in Southeast Asia occupying half the island of Timor. Official name: Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste. Capital: Dili.


lexentry: eng/East__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: East
trans_list: oriens
sense:
The Eastern world; the regions, primarily situated in the Eastern Hemisphere, whose culture is derived from Arabia, India, Persia or China.


lexentry: eng/Easter__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Easter
trans_list: pascha | festa paschālia
sense:
A Christian feast commemorating the resurrection of Jesus Christ, celebrated on the first Sunday (and Monday) following the full moon that occurs on or next after the vernal equinox, ranging in most of Western Christianity (such as Protestantism and Roman Catholicism) from March 22 to April 25, and in Eastern Christianity (such as the Coptic Church and Eastern Orthodox Church) from April 4 to May 8.


lexentry: eng/Eastern_Europe__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Eastern Europe
trans_list: Europa Orientalis
sense:
A socio-politic geographical area of eastern Europe usually including the European countries to the east of Germany, Austria and Italy, and to the west of the Urals. However, a less common definition of the region excludes the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Slovakia, the Baltic states and some parts of the Balkans - placing them in Central Europe instead.


lexentry: eng/Ecbatana__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ecbatana
trans_list: Ecbatana | Ecbatanas | Ecbatanis Partiorum
sense:
(historical) The ancient capital of Media, in modern-day Iran, and subsequently a royal residence of Persian and Parthian kings.


lexentry: eng/Echo__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Echo
trans_list: Echo
sense:
(Greek mythology) An oread, punished by Hera by losing her own voice and only being able to mimic that of others.


lexentry: eng/Eden__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Eden
trans_list: Eden
sense:
(biblical) A garden built by God as the home for Adam and Eve; sometimes identified as part of Mesopotamia.


lexentry: eng/Eiffel_Tower__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Eiffel Tower
trans_list: turris Eiffelia | turris Eiffeliana
sense:
An iron tower built in 1889 on the Champ de Mars beside the Seine River in Paris; a global icon of France and one of the most recognizable structures in the world.


lexentry: eng/Eileithyia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Eileithyia
trans_list: Īlīthyia
sense:
(Greek god) The goddess of childbirth and midwifery; the daughter of Zeus and Hera; the Greek counterpart of the Roman Lucina.


lexentry: eng/Elagabalus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Elagabalus
trans_list: Elagabalus | Heliogabalus
sense:
(Ancient Rome) The Roman emperor Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Augustus (reigned 218–222), noted for eccentricity, femininity, decadence, and disregard for Roman religious traditions and sexual taboos.


lexentry: eng/Elba__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Elba
trans_list: Ilva
sense:
An Italian island in the Tuscan Archipelago off the west coast of Italy, between the Italian coast and Corsica


lexentry: eng/Elbe__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Elbe
trans_list: Albis | Alba
sense:
A river in central Europe that passes through the Czech Republic and Germany before flowing into the North Sea.


lexentry: eng/Elector__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Elector
trans_list: elector | princeps elector | princeps elector imperii
sense:
(historical) A German prince entitled to elect the emperor of the Holy Roman Empire; a prince-elector.


lexentry: eng/England__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: England
trans_list: Anglia | Albion
sense:
The kingdom established in southeast Britain by Aethelstan of Wessex in 927 and its various successor states, now the largest and most populous constituent country of the United Kingdom


lexentry: eng/English_Channel__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: English Channel
trans_list: Oceanus Britannicus
sense:
The arm of the Atlantic Ocean that separates the British Isles from northern France, and joins the North Sea to the Atlantic Ocean.


lexentry: eng/English__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: English
trans_list: lingua anglica | Anglicus | Anglus
sense:
The language originating in England but now spoken in all parts of the British Isles, the Commonwealth of Nations, North America, and other parts of the world.


lexentry: eng/Englishman__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Englishman
trans_list: Anglus | anglicus
sense:
A native or inhabitant of England; a man who is English by ancestry, birth, descent, or naturalisation. [from 7th c.]


lexentry: eng/Englishwoman__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Englishwoman
trans_list: Britanna
sense:
A female native or inhabitant of England; a woman who is English by birth, descent or naturalisation.


lexentry: eng/Enlightenment__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Enlightenment
trans_list: lumen
sense:
A 17th- and 18th-century philosophical movement in European history; the Age of Enlightenment or Age of Reason emphasizing rationalism.


lexentry: eng/Eos__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Eos
trans_list: Aurora
sense:
(Greek god) The Greek goddess of the dawn; daughter of Hyperion and Theia, sister of Helios and Selene, wife of Astraeus (god of the dusk), and mother of the four Anemoi ("Winds"), and the five Astra Planeta ("Wandering Stars/Planets"). Her Roman counterpart is Aurora.


lexentry: eng/Ephesians__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ephesians
trans_list: Ephesios | Epistula ad Ephesios
sense:
(biblical) The tenth book of the New Testament of the Bible, an epistle to the people of Ephesus which is attributed to Paul the Apostle.


lexentry: eng/Epimetheus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Epimetheus
trans_list: Epimetheus
sense:
(Greek mythology) Son of Iapetus and Clymene, brother to Atlas, Menoetius and Prometheus, of whom he ignored warnings to beware of any gifts from Zeus. He accepted Pandora as his wife, thereby bringing sorrow to the world; father to Pyrrha.


lexentry: eng/Epirus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Epirus
trans_list: Ēpīros | Ēpīrus | Epirus
sense:
(historical) A larger historical kingdom in roughly the same region, widely extended by the Greek general and king Pyrrhus during the early Hellenistic period.


lexentry: eng/Epirus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Epirus
trans_list: Epirus
sense:
A region in northwest Greece; one of the thirteen peripheries (administrative regions) of modern Greece.


lexentry: eng/Epona__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Epona
trans_list: Epona
sense:
(mythology) In Gallo-Roman religion, a goddess of fertility and protector of horses, ponies, donkeys, and mules.


lexentry: eng/Equuleus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Equuleus
trans_list: Equuleus
sense:
(constellation) The second smallest constellation of the northern sky, said to resemble a little horse. It lies west of the constellation Aquarius.


lexentry: eng/Erinyes__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Erinyes
trans_list: Dirae
sense:
(Greek god) The Furies; the goddesses of vengeance against serious moral offence (such as oath-breaking), latterly known as protectors of Athens, of pre-Olympian origin and variously described as having sprung from the spilled blood of Uranus or as daughters of Nyx; identified with the Roman Dirae.


lexentry: eng/Eris__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Eris
trans_list: Discordia | Eris
sense:
(Greek god) The goddess of discord and strife, whose apple of discord sparked events that eventually led to the Trojan War; equated by Homer with Enyo (goddess of violent war) and identified with the Roman goddess Discordia;(religion, Discordianism) the same figure as principal deity of Discordianism, regarded as the goddess of disorder.


lexentry: eng/Eris__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Eris
trans_list: Discordia | Eris
sense:
(astronomy) The celestial body 136199 Eris, the most-massive known dwarf planet in the Solar System and the largest known object in the scattered disk; formerly nicknamed Xena.


lexentry: eng/Eros__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Eros
trans_list: Eros
sense:
(Greek god) The god of love and sexual desire; son of either Erebus and Nyx or Aphrodite and Ares. His Roman counterpart is Cupid.


lexentry: eng/Esperanto__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Esperanto
trans_list: Lingua Esperantica | Lingua Zamenhofiana
sense:
An international auxiliary language designed by L. L. Zamenhof with a base vocabulary inspired by Indo-European languages such as English, French, German, Italian, Spanish, and Russian, and having a streamlined grammar with completely regular conjugations, declensions, and inflections.


lexentry: eng/Estonia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Estonia
trans_list: Estonia | Æstonia
sense:
A country in northeastern Europe, on the southeastern coast of the Baltic Sea. Official name: Republic of Estonia.


lexentry: eng/Eswatini__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Eswatini
trans_list: Eswatini
sense:
A country in Southern Africa, formerly called Swaziland. Official name: Kingdom of Eswatini. Capitals: Mbabane and Lobamba.


lexentry: eng/Ethelred__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ethelred
trans_list: Adelredus | Aethelredus | Athelredus | Ethelredus | Æthelredus
sense:
A male given name of historical usage, notably borne by Ethelred I, King of Wessex between 865 and his death in 871


lexentry: eng/Ethelred__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ethelred
trans_list: Adelredus | Aethelredus | Athelredus | Ethelredus | Æthelredus
sense:
A male given name of historical usage, notably borne by Ethelred II “the Unready”, King of the English between 978 and his death in 1016


lexentry: eng/Ethiopia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Ethiopia
trans_list: Aethiopia
sense:
(historical) Sub-Saharan Africa, especially the parts south of Egypt and along and east of the Nile.


lexentry: eng/Etruria__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Etruria
trans_list: Etruria
sense:
(historical) An ancient country in Italian Peninsula, located between the Arno and Tiber rivers, corresponding to modern day Tuscany in Western Italy; the home of Etruscans.


lexentry: eng/Eucharist__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Eucharist
trans_list: eucharistia
sense:
The substances received during this sacrament, namely the bread and wine, seen as Christ’s body and blood.


lexentry: eng/Euhemerus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Euhemerus
trans_list: Euhemerus
sense:
(historical) An ancient Greek Sicilian Skeptic philosopher, famed for a lost work proposing most or all mythology derived from historical figures and natural events which became supernatural only through retelling.


lexentry: eng/Euphrates__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Euphrates
trans_list: Euphrates | Eufrates
sense:
A river in the Middle East, 2780 kilometers in length, flowing southwest from Turkey, then southeast, and uniting with the Tigris before entering the Persian Gulf. It forms the Western edge of classical Mesopotamia.


lexentry: eng/Eurasia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Eurasia
trans_list: Eurasia
sense:
The largest and most populous landmass on Earth, consisting of Europe and Asia; sometimes also including neighboring islands. [1881]


lexentry: eng/Eurasia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Eurasia
trans_list: Eurasia
sense:
A region comprising parts of Eastern Europe, the Caucasus and Central Asia; the countries of the former Soviet Union and the sphere of influence of Russia.


lexentry: eng/Eurasian_jay__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Eurasian jay
trans_list: Garrulus glandarius
sense:
A widespread species of jay, usually crested and with pinkish-brown plumage and a harsh screech (Garrulus glandarius).


lexentry: eng/Eurasian_teal__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Eurasian teal
trans_list: anas crecca
sense:
Anas crecca, a common and widespread duck which breeds in temperate Palearctic and migrates south in winter.


lexentry: eng/Euripides__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Euripides
trans_list: Euripides
sense:
A Greek tragedian (c. 480–406 B.C.E.); Euripides was the last of the three great tragedians of classical Athens.


lexentry: eng/Europe__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Europe
trans_list: Europa | Eurōpa
sense:
The portion of Eurasia west of the Urals, traditionally considered a continent in its own right, located north of Africa, west of Asia and east of the Atlantic Ocean.


lexentry: eng/European_Central_Bank__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: European Central Bank
trans_list: Argentaria primaria Europaea
sense:
The Central bank for the European Union, administering the monetary policy of the 17 EU Eurozone member states.


lexentry: eng/European_Council__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: European Council
trans_list: Consilium Europaeum
sense:
an institution of the European Union (EU) charged with defining the EU's overall political direction and priorities, that comprises the heads of state or government of the member states, along with the President of the European Council and the President of the European Commission


lexentry: eng/European_Union__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: European Union
trans_list: Unio Europaea
sense:
A supranational organisation, consisting of 27 member states, created in the 1950s to bring the nations of Europe into closer economic and political connection.


lexentry: eng/European_herring_gull__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: European herring gull
trans_list: Larus argentatus
sense:
A common, large seagull, Larus argentatus, having a white and gray body and a yellow bill with a red spot and found in the coastal areas of Europe.


lexentry: eng/European_polecat__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: European polecat
trans_list: mustella | putorius
sense:
Mustela putorius, related to mink and weasels, native to Europe and parts of Asia, and from which certain of the animals called ferrets have been domesticated.


lexentry: eng/European_seabass__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: European seabass
trans_list: Dicentrarchus labrax
sense:
A highly appreciated marine food fish found in the coastal waters of eastern Atlantic from Cape Verde to southern Norway and in the Mediterranean, (Dicentrarchus labrax).


lexentry: eng/Eustachian_tube__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Eustachian tube
trans_list: tuba auditiva
sense:
(anatomy) In humans and other land vertebrates, a tube that links the nasopharynx to the cavity of the middle ear to allow the equalization of the pressure on both sides of the eardrum.


lexentry: eng/Exodus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Exodus
trans_list: Liber Exodus | Exodus
sense:
(book of the bible) The second of the Books of Moses in the Old Testament of the Bible, the second book in the Torah describing the Exodus.


lexentry: eng/Facebook__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Facebook
trans_list: Prosōpobiblion | Prosōpobiblium
sense:
(trademark) A social-networking website where users can find acquaintances or "friends", exchange messages, and post updates.


lexentry: eng/Falernian__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Falernian
trans_list: Falernum
sense:
A wine produced from Aglianico grapes on the slopes of Mount Falernus, much esteemed in Ancient Rome.


lexentry: eng/Fallopian_tube__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Fallopian tube
trans_list: tuba uterina
sense:
(anatomy) Either of the two ducts in female mammals through which ova pass from the ovaries to the uterus.


lexentry: eng/Faroe_Islands__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Faroe Islands
trans_list: Faerōae
sense:
an archipelago in the north Atlantic Ocean between Scotland and Iceland; a self-governing dependent territory of Denmark.


lexentry: eng/Fata_Morgana__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Fata Morgana
trans_list: fata morgana
sense:
A form of mirage seen just above the horizon, caused by a temperature inversion in the atmosphere, in which multiple upright and inverted images of a distant object appear to be stacked on top of each other in a highly distorted fashion; especially one seen at sea, and particularly in the Strait of Messina.


lexentry: eng/Fates__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Fates
trans_list: Parcae
sense:
(Greek mythology) Atropos, Clotho, and Lachesis; supernatural beings who controlled the destiny of men and of the gods.


lexentry: eng/Father's_Day__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Father's Day
trans_list: diēs Dominica
sense:
A holiday in celebration of fatherhood, or to honor fathers, celebrated on the third Sunday of June in most of the world's countries. See Wikipedia:Father's Day:Dates.


lexentry: eng/Father__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: Father
trans_list: Pater
sense:
(Wicca) One of the triune gods of the Horned God in Wicca, representing a man, younger than the elderly Sage and older than the boyish Master.


lexentry: eng/Favonius__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Favonius
trans_list: Favōnius
sense:
(Roman god) The god of the west wind. He is also the husband of Flora and the father of Karpos. He is the Roman counterpart of Zephyrus.


lexentry: eng/February__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: February
trans_list: Februarius | februārius
sense:
The short month following January and preceding March in the Roman, Julian, and Gregorian calendars, used in all three calendars for intercalation or addition of leap days.


lexentry: eng/Federated_States_of_Micronesia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Federated States of Micronesia
trans_list: Civitates Foederatae Micronesiae
sense:
The official name of Micronesia, a country consisting of about 600 islands in Oceania. Capital: Palikir.


lexentry: eng/Feodosia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Feodosia
trans_list: Theodosia
sense:
A port and resort city and raion in Crimea, internationally recognized as part of Ukraine but de facto in Russia.


lexentry: eng/Ferizaj__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ferizaj
trans_list: Ferizaj
sense:
The sixth largest city in Kosovo, located in the southeast of the country; it is the seat of its eponymous municipality and district.


lexentry: eng/Fiji__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Fiji
trans_list: Viti
sense:
A country and archipelago of over 300 islands in Melanesia in Oceania. Capital and largest city: Suva.


lexentry: eng/Fijian__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Fijian
trans_list: Viti
sense:
an Austronesian language of the Malayo-Polynesian family spoken on Fiji. It has 650,000 speakers, including second language users.


lexentry: eng/Finland__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Finland
trans_list: Finnia | Finlandia | Fennia
sense:
A Nordic country having borders with Sweden, Norway and Russia in Europe. Official name: Republic of Finland.


lexentry: eng/Finnish__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Finnish
trans_list: lingua Finnica
sense:
The Finno-Ugric language spoken by the majority of the people living in Finland, one of the two official languages of the country (the other is Swedish).


lexentry: eng/Flanders__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: Flanders
trans_list: Flandria
sense:
Ellipsis of French Flanders, a former province of France, now constituting the French department Nord.


lexentry: eng/Flora__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Flora
trans_list: Flōra | Flora
sense:
(Roman god) the goddess of flowers, nature and spring; she is also the wife of Favonius and the mother of Karpos. She is the Roman counterpart of Chloris.


lexentry: eng/Floréal__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Floréal
trans_list: florealis
sense:
(historical) The eighth month of the French Republican Calendar, from April 20 or 21 to May 19 or 20.


lexentry: eng/Flying_Spaghetti_Monster__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Flying Spaghetti Monster
trans_list: Macaronoteras Volatile | Monstrum Spacellinum Volatile
sense:
(humorous) A deity consisting of spaghetti and meatballs, the creator of the universe according to the religion of Pastafarianism.


lexentry: eng/Fomalhaut__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Fomalhaut
trans_list: ōs piscis merīdiāni
sense:
(star) The brightest star in the constellation Piscis Austrinus and one of the brightest stars in the night sky; Alpha (α) Piscis Austrini.


lexentry: eng/Fornax__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Fornax
trans_list: Fornax
sense:
(constellation) A winter constellation of the southern sky, said to resemble a furnace. It lies near the constellation Eridanus.


lexentry: eng/Four_Horsemen_of_the_Apocalypse__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse
trans_list: quattuor equitēs apocalypticī
sense:
(biblical) Four beings in Revelation 6:1–8 that bring about the Apocalypse, each embodied as a horseman riding a different-colored horse that represents a different aspect of the Apocalypse.


lexentry: eng/Fourier_series__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Fourier series
trans_list: series Fourieriana
sense:
(mathematics, analysis) Any series resulting from the decomposition of a periodic function into terms involving cosines and sines (or, equivalently, complex exponentials).


lexentry: eng/Franconia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Franconia
trans_list: Franconia
sense:
A region of Germany, comprising the northern area of modern Bavaria and lands to its immediate west.


lexentry: eng/Frank__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Frank
trans_list: Francus
sense:
One of the Franks, a Germanic federation that inhabited parts of what are now France, the Low Countries and Germany.


lexentry: eng/Freemason__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Freemason
trans_list: francomurarius
sense:
A member of the Free and Accepted Masons (sometimes entitled Ancient Free and Accepted Masons), an international fraternal and charitable organization.


lexentry: eng/French_Guiana__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: French Guiana
trans_list: Guiana Francica
sense:
An overseas department and administrative region of France in South America. Official name: Department of French Guiana.


lexentry: eng/French_Indochina__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: French Indochina
trans_list: Indosina Francica
sense:
A former part of the French colonial empire in Indochina in southeast Asia, consisting of the current territories of Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia.


lexentry: eng/French_Revolution__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: French Revolution
trans_list: Res novae Franciae
sense:
A period in France of radical social and political upheaval which saw the country change from a monarchy to a republic (1789–1799).


lexentry: eng/French__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: French
trans_list: lingua Francogallica | lingua francogallica
sense:
(chiefly, _, uncountable) The language of France, shared by the neighboring countries Belgium, Monaco, and Switzerland and by former French colonies around the world.


lexentry: eng/Friday__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Friday
trans_list: diēs Veneris | fēria sexta | parascēvē | dies Veneris
sense:
The sixth day of the week in many religious traditions, and the fifth day of the week in systems using the ISO 8601 norm; the Muslim “Sabbath”; it follows Thursday and precedes Saturday.


lexentry: eng/Frigg__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Frigg
trans_list: Frigga
sense:
(Germanic mythology, Norse mythology) The wife of Odin, and the Norse/Germanic goddess of married love, the heavens, home and hearth, after whom Friday is named (due to her being identified with Venus).


lexentry: eng/Frimaire__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Frimaire
trans_list: frimarius
sense:
(historical) The third month of the French Republican Calendar, from November 21, 22 or 23 to December 20, 21 or 22.


lexentry: eng/Frisia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Frisia
trans_list: Frisia | Magna Frisia
sense:
(historical) A coastal region along the southeastern corner of the North Sea in what today is mostly a large part of the Netherlands (including present-day Frisia (see below)) and smaller parts of northern Germany (including present-day East Frisia). It is the traditional homeland of the Frisians.


lexentry: eng/Frisian__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Frisian
trans_list: frisice
sense:
A member of the Germanic ethnic group which is native to the region of Frisia (which is in the Netherlands, northern Germany, and southern Denmark).


lexentry: eng/Frisian__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Frisian
trans_list: Frisius
sense:
A Germanic language group or language (see Usage notes), or a lect thereof, which descended from Old Frisian, with speakers in the Netherlands, Germany and Denmark.


lexentry: eng/Fructidor__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Fructidor
trans_list: fructidorus
sense:
(historical) The twelfth and final month of the French Republican Calendar, from August 18 or 19 to September 16 or 17.


lexentry: eng/GPS_receiver__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: GPS receiver
trans_list: navigatio
sense:
An audiovisual device, fitted to a civilian road vehicle, that uses the military Global Positioning System (U.S. Navstar system) as an aid to navigation.


lexentry: eng/Gaia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Gaia
trans_list: Gaea
sense:
(Greek mythology) A Greek goddess, the personification of the earth, and one of the primordial deities from whom all the others descend.


lexentry: eng/Galatians__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Galatians
trans_list: Galatas
sense:
(biblical) The ninth book of the New Testament of the Bible, the epistle of Saint Paul to the Galatians.


lexentry: eng/Galego__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Galego
trans_list: Gallæcus
sense:
A language spoken in the region of Galicia in the Northwestern corner of the Spanish peninsula and which is related to Portuguese. It is believed to be the parent language of Portuguese and shares many similarities with it, but typically uses Spanish orthography.


lexentry: eng/Galician__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Galician
trans_list: lingua gallaeca
sense:
(uncountable) The language of Galicia; a Romance language spoken in the northwestern corner of the Iberian peninsula.


lexentry: eng/Galileo__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Galileo
trans_list: Galilaea
sense:
Galileo Galilei (1564–1642), an Italian thinker and key figure in the scientific revolution who improved the telescope, made astronomical observations, and put forward the basic principle of relativity in physics.


lexentry: eng/Gallicanism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Gallicanism
trans_list: Gallicānismus
sense:
(historical, chiefly, Roman Catholicism) The doctrine that the church of France is autonomous, especially in relation to the pope; also, the intellectual movement in support of this doctrine and the policies expressing it.


lexentry: eng/Galloway__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Galloway
trans_list: Gallovidia
sense:
A formerly Gaelic-speaking region in the southwestern-most corner of Scotland, now part of Dumfries and Galloway council area. Its capital is Kirkcudbright.


lexentry: eng/Ganymede__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ganymede
trans_list: Ganymēdēs
sense:
(Greek god) A Trojan boy who was abducted (either by Zeus or Eos), and ultimately became immortal in order to be Zeus' cupbearer.


lexentry: eng/Garden_of_Eden__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Garden of Eden
trans_list: hortus in Eden | paradisus in Eden | paradisus voluptatis
sense:
(Abrahamic religions) In the Book of Genesis of the Bible and Surat Sad of the Qur'an, a garden at the source of the Gihon, Pishon, Tigris, and Euphrates rivers, where Adam and Eve first lived after being created.


lexentry: eng/Gaugamela__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Gaugamela
trans_list: Gaugamēla
sense:
(historical) a village in Assyria, where in 331 BC Alexander the Great defeated the Persians under Darius III


lexentry: eng/Gaul__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Gaul
trans_list: Gallia
sense:
(chiefly, historic) A historical region roughly corresponding to modern France, Luxembourg, Belgium, most of Switzerland, and parts of Northern Italy (Lombardy), the Netherlands, and Germany west of the Rhine.


lexentry: eng/Gawain__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Gawain
trans_list: Galvaginus
sense:
One of the greatest knights in Arthurian legend; he is King Arthur's nephew and a Knight of the Round Table.


lexentry: eng/Gehenna__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Gehenna
trans_list: gehenna
sense:
In rabbinical literature and Christian and Islamic scripture, the place where the souls of the wicked go after death, where they suffer eternal damnation or annihilation.


lexentry: eng/Gemini__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Gemini
trans_list: Gemini
sense:
(zodiac constellations) A constellation of the zodiac traditionally taken to represent the pair of twins Castor and Pollux in Greek mythology. It contains the stars Castor, Pollux, and Alhena.


lexentry: eng/Gemini__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Gemini
trans_list: Gemini
sense:
(astrology) The zodiac sign for the twins, ruled by Mercury and covering May 22 – June 21 (tropical astrology) or June 16 – July 15 (sidereal astrology).


lexentry: eng/George__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: George
trans_list: Georgius
sense:
A diminutive of the en given names Georgina or Georgia; also used in the conjoined name George Ann(e).


lexentry: eng/Georgia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Georgia
trans_list: Georgia
sense:
A transcontinental country in the Caucasus region of Europe and Asia, on the coast of the Black Sea, often considered to belong politically to Europe. Official name: Georgia. Capital: Tbilisi.


lexentry: eng/Georgia__Proper_noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Georgia
trans_list: Georgia
sense:
A state in the Southern United States. Capital: Atlanta. It is named for George II of Great Britain (1683–1760).


lexentry: eng/Georgian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Georgian
trans_list: georgianus | Hibēricus
sense:
Of, from, or pertaining to the Eastern European country of Georgia, the Georgian people or the Georgian language.


lexentry: eng/German__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: German
trans_list: Germanicus | Germanica
sense:
A member of the Germanic ethnic group which is the most populous ethnic group in Germany; a person of German descent.


lexentry: eng/German__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: German
trans_list: lingua theodisca | lingua germanica | lingua Germana
sense:
(uncountable) An Indo-European (Indo-Germanic) language, primarily spoken in Germany, Austria, Liechtenstein, South Tyrol, Switzerland, Luxembourg, and a small part of Belgium.


lexentry: eng/German_chamomile__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: German chamomile
trans_list: camomilla
sense:
An annual plant, Matricaria recutita, of the aster family, which is the type of camomile most used for tea.


lexentry: eng/Germania__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Germania
trans_list: Germānia | Germania
sense:
(historical) Any of several geographical regions of different historical periods that were mainly inhabited by Germanic peoples.


lexentry: eng/Germanic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Germanic
trans_list: Germanici
sense:
(linguistics) The early, undocumented ancestral language from which other Germanic languages developed, such as Afrikaans, Danish, Dutch, Frisian, English, German, Faroese, Icelandic, Yiddish, Norwegian and Swedish.


lexentry: eng/Germany__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Germany
trans_list: Germania | Alemānnia
sense:
A country in Central Europe, formed in 1949 as West Germany, with its provisional capital Bonn until 1990, when it incorporated East Germany. Official name: Federal Republic of Germany. Capital and largest city: Berlin.


lexentry: eng/Germinal__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Germinal
trans_list: germinalis
sense:
(historical) The seventh month of the French Republican Calendar, starting on the date of the vernal equinox (March 21 or 22) and ending on April 19 or 20.


lexentry: eng/Gethsemane__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Gethsemane
trans_list: Gethsēmanī
sense:
A biblical location in ancient Jerusalem, a garden at the foot of the Mount of Olives where, according to the four Gospels of the New Testament, Jesus underwent the agony in the garden and was arrested the night before his crucifixion.


lexentry: eng/Giza__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Giza
trans_list: Giza | Tipersis
sense:
A city on the west bank of the Nile river, Egypt, famous for its ancient monuments including the Great Sphinx of Giza and the Great Pyramid of Giza.


lexentry: eng/Glagolitic__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Glagolitic
trans_list: Abecedarium Glagoliticum
sense:
(linguistics) The oldest known Slavonic alphabet, designed around 862–863 by Saint Cyril in order to translate the Bible and other texts into Old Church Slavonic. Mostly replaced by Cyrillic alphabet in Orthodox Christian Slavic countries, but still in use in the Croatian Church along the Dalmatian coast, in Czech and Croatian recensions of Church Slavic.


lexentry: eng/Glastonbury__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Glastonbury
trans_list: Glastonia
sense:
A town and civil parish with a town council in Somerset, England, previously in Mendip district (OS grid ref ST5039).


lexentry: eng/Glaucus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Glaucus
trans_list: Glaucus
sense:
(Greek god) A Greek prophetic sea-god, born mortal and turned immortal upon eating a magical herb. It was believed that he commonly came to the rescue of sailors and fishermen in storms, having once been one himself.


lexentry: eng/Gnosticism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Gnosticism
trans_list: gnosticismus
sense:
A wide variety of Jewish and early Christian sects having an interest in gnosis, or divine knowledge, and generally holding the belief that there is a god greater than the Demiurge, or the creator of the world.


lexentry: eng/God-fearing__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: God-fearing
trans_list: pius | sanctus
sense:
(religion) Following the precepts of a religious practice; respecting and revering God and his authority.


lexentry: eng/God__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: God
trans_list: Deus | Dominus
sense:
The single deity of various monotheistic religions, especially the deity of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam.


lexentry: eng/God_the_Father__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: God the Father
trans_list: Deus Pater
sense:
(Christian, _, theology) The person (hypostasis) of the Trinity or Godhead corresponding to the God of Abraham and the Jewish scriptures and considered the creator of mankind and Father of Jesus Christ


lexentry: eng/God_the_Holy_Ghost__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: God the Holy Ghost
trans_list: Deus Spiritus Sanctus
sense:
(Christian, _, theology) The person (hypostasis) of the Trinity or Godhead corresponding to divine essence present in the faithful (particularly, inspired prophets) and considered to proceed either (Eastern Orthodoxy) from God the Father alone or (Roman Catholicism) from Him together with God the Son.


lexentry: eng/God_the_Son__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: God the Son
trans_list: Deus Filius
sense:
(Christian, _, theology) The person (hypostasis) of the Trinity or Godhead corresponding to the Word of God, which became flesh—incarnated—in Jesus Christ, the only-begotten Son of God the Father.


lexentry: eng/God_willing__Interjection__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: God willing
trans_list: Deo volente | Deus vult
sense:
Barring unforeseen circumstances, it is hoped that (while generally also indicating acceptance of God's will).


lexentry: eng/Godspeed__Interjection__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Godspeed
trans_list: feliciter
sense:
(literary) Used, especially at a parting, to express the wish that the outcome of the actions of a person (typically someone about to start a journey or a daring endeavour) is positive for them.


lexentry: eng/Golden_Fleece__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Golden Fleece
trans_list: pellis aurāta | vellus aureum
sense:
(Greek mythology) A magical fleece from a winged ram guarded by the hydra in the tale of Jason and the Argonauts.


lexentry: eng/Golden_Fleece__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Golden Fleece
trans_list: pellis aurāta | vellus aureum
sense:
A chivalric order founded in 1430 by Duke Philip III of Burgundy. Later awarded in Spain and Habsburg Austria.


lexentry: eng/Gomorrah__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Gomorrah
trans_list: Gomorra
sense:
(Biblical, Quranic) A city in the Middle East which, according to the Hebrew Bible and to Islamic tradition, was destroyed by God (along with Sodom) for the sins of its inhabitants.


lexentry: eng/Good_Friday__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Good Friday
trans_list: Diēs Passiōnis Dominī | parasceve
sense:
(Christianity) The Friday before Easter Sunday, the commemoration of the day on which Christ was crucified.


lexentry: eng/Gordias__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Gordias
trans_list: Gordius | Gordiās
sense:
(Greek mythology) The name of at least two members of the royal house of Phrygia, the best-known of which was reputedly the founder of the Phrygian capital city Gordium, the maker of the legendary Gordian knot, and the father of the legendary king Midas.


lexentry: eng/Goth__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Goth
trans_list: Gothus
sense:
A member of the East Germanic people known for their invasion of the western Roman Empire and subsequent founding of successor states in Italy and Spain during Late Antiquity.


lexentry: eng/Gothenburg__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Gothenburg
trans_list: Gothoburgum | Gothenburgum
sense:
A city on the west coast of Sweden, in the province of Västergötland. It is the second-largest city in Sweden.


lexentry: eng/Gotland__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Gotland
trans_list: Gothlandia
sense:
A municipality and county on the island of Gotland, Sweden; the only municipality there, so it, the county and island all have the same area.


lexentry: eng/Grand_Duchy_of_Lithuania__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Grand Duchy of Lithuania
trans_list: Magnus Ducatus Lituaniae
sense:
(historical) A former European state from the 13th century until 1795, encompassing the territory of modern-day Lithuania and Belarus, a large part of Ukraine, and small parts of Russia and Poland


lexentry: eng/Grand_Est__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Grand Est
trans_list: Magnus Oriens
sense:
An administrative region in northeastern France, created in 2016 by the fusion of Alsace, Lorraine and Champagne-Ardenne.


lexentry: eng/Grandmaster__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Grandmaster
trans_list: Grandis magister
sense:
(chess) A player of the highest rank, as determined by FIDE, with an Elo rating of at least 2500. [From 1950.]


lexentry: eng/Granicus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Granicus
trans_list: Granicus
sense:
A river in northwestern Anatolia, where Alexander the Great defeated the forces of the Persian Empire under Darius III


lexentry: eng/Graz__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Graz
trans_list: Graecium
sense:
The capital of and largest city in the state of Styria, Austria, and the second-largest city in the country.


lexentry: eng/Great_Bear__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Great Bear
trans_list: Ursa Major
sense:
(constellation) A bright circumpolar asterism of the northern sky, said to resemble a large bear. It is part of the constellation Ursa Major and includes the stars Mizar, Dubhe, and Alkaid.


lexentry: eng/Great_Britain__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Great Britain
trans_list: Britannia | Britannia Maior
sense:
(geographical) an island and sometimes including some of the surrounding smaller islands) off the north-west coast of Western Europe made up of England, Scotland, and Wales.


lexentry: eng/Great_Game__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Great Game
trans_list: Magnus Ludus
sense:
(historical) The strategic rivalry and conflict between the British Empire and the Russian Empire for supremacy in Central Asia, mainly during the 19th century.


lexentry: eng/Great_Lakes__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Great Lakes
trans_list: Lacus Magni
sense:
A group of five lakes on the United States–Canada border, consisting of Lake Superior, Lake Michigan and Lake Huron (Lake Michigan–Huron), Lake Erie and Lake Ontario.


lexentry: eng/Great_Schism__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Great Schism
trans_list: Schisma graecorum | Schisma orientale
sense:
(Christianity, historical) The split between the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Roman Catholic Church in 1054.


lexentry: eng/Greater_Armenia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Greater Armenia
trans_list: Armenia Major
sense:
(historical) Ancient Armenian kingdom in the Armenian Highlands, stretching from Euphrates to Kura river, Caspian Sea and lake Urmia, and existing from 190 B.C.E. to 428 C.E.. Traditionally divided into 15 provinces: Aghdznik, Artsakh, Ayrarat, Corduene, Gugark, Moxoene, Parskahayk, Paytakaran, Sophene, Syunik, Tayk, Turuberan, Upper Armenia, Utik, Vaspurakan.


lexentry: eng/Greater_London__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Greater London
trans_list: Londinium Maius
sense:
An administrative area in England combining the City of London, the City of Westminster and 31 other London boroughs. Greater London borders (anticlockwise) Essex, Hertfordshire, Buckinghamshire, Berkshire, Surrey and Kent.


lexentry: eng/Greek__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Greek
trans_list: Graecum | graecē | lingua graeca
sense:
The language spoken by people of Greece, particularly, depending on context, Ancient Greek or Modern Greek.


lexentry: eng/Greek_fire__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Greek fire
trans_list: Ignis Graecus
sense:
(historical) A highly flammable substance of unknown composition first used by the Greeks of Constantinople in the 7th century C.E. to set fire to enemy ships, buildings etc.


lexentry: eng/Grim_Reaper__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Grim Reaper
trans_list: letum
sense:
A personification of Death as an old man, or a skeleton, carrying a scythe, taking souls to the afterlife.


lexentry: eng/Grus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Grus
trans_list: Grus
sense:
(constellation) A spring constellation of the southern sky, said to resemble a crane. It contains the star Alnair and lies south of the constellation Piscis Austrinus.


lexentry: eng/Guadeloupe__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Guadeloupe
trans_list: Guadalupa | Guadalupia
sense:
An archipelago, overseas department, and administrative region of France, including the island of Guadeloupe.


lexentry: eng/Guam__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Guam
trans_list: Guama
sense:
An unincorporated territory of the United States, located in the Pacific Ocean. Official name: Territory of Guam.


lexentry: eng/Guinea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Guinea
trans_list: Guinea
sense:
(historical) The coastal region of West Africa between Morocco and the Congo, particularly the north shore of the Gulf of Guinea.


lexentry: eng/Guiscard__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Guiscard
trans_list: Guiscardus | Viscardus
sense:
the sobriquet of Robert de Hauteville, a Norman adventurer remembered for the conquest of southern Italy and Sicily


lexentry: eng/Guyana__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Guyana
trans_list: Guiana
sense:
A country in South America. Official name: Co-operative Republic of Guyana. Capital and largest city: Georgetown.


lexentry: eng/Gypsy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Gypsy
trans_list: Zinganus
sense:
(sometimes, offensive) A member of the Romani people, or one of the sub-groups (Roma, Sinti, Romanichal, etc).


lexentry: eng/HTTP_cookie__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: HTTP cookie
trans_list: testis
sense:
(Internet) A packet of information sent by a server to a World Wide Web browser and then returned by the browser each time it accesses that server, used to maintain state between otherwise stateless HTTP transactions, for example, to identify the user.


lexentry: eng/Habakkuk__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Habakkuk
trans_list: Habacuc | Abacuc
sense:
A prophetic book in the Old Testament of the Bible, one of the minor prophets; or the eighth part of the Tere Asar in the Jewish Tanakh.


lexentry: eng/Hades__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hades
trans_list: Hades
sense:
(Greek god) The god of the underworld and ruler of the dead, son of Cronus and Rhea, brother of Zeus and Poseidon.


lexentry: eng/Hadrian's_Wall__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hadrian's Wall
trans_list: Vallum Aelium
sense:
A fortification of stone and timber built by the Roman Empire across the width of what is now northern England.


lexentry: eng/Haemus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Haemus
trans_list: Haemus
sense:
(Greek mythology) a king of Thrace, the son of Boreas, who was vain and haughty and compared himself and his wife to Zeus and Hera


lexentry: eng/Hagia_Sophia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hagia Sophia
trans_list: Hagia Sophia | Sancta Sapientia
sense:
A mosque in Istanbul, Turkey, (historical) the former patriarchal church of Greek Orthodoxy, operated as a museum 1935–2020.


lexentry: eng/Halloween__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Halloween
trans_list: Pervigilium Omnium Sanctorum
sense:
The eve of All Hallows' Day; October 31st; celebrated (mostly in English-speaking countries) by children going door-to-door in costume and soliciting candy with menaces.


lexentry: eng/Hampshire__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hampshire
trans_list: Hamtonensis | Hantonensis | Hantonia | provincia
sense:
A maritime county in the south of England, United Kingdom bordered by Berkshire, Surrey, West Sussex, Dorset, Wiltshire, the English Channel and the Solent separating it from the Isle of Wight; the county town is Winchester.


lexentry: eng/Hannibal__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hannibal
trans_list: Hannibal
sense:
A en given name of mostly historical use. Most notably borne by the Carthaginian general Hannibal, son of Hamilcar.


lexentry: eng/Hanse__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hanse
trans_list: hansa
sense:
(historical) A merchant guild, particularly the Fellowship of London Merchants (the "Old Hanse") given a monopoly on London's foreign trade by the Normans or its successor, the Company of Merchant Adventurers (the "New Hanse"), incorporated in 1497 and chartered under Henry VII and Elizabeth I.


lexentry: eng/Hansel_and_Gretel__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hansel and Gretel
trans_list: Iōhannēs et Margarīta
sense:
A German fairy tale, recorded by the Brothers Grimm and published in 1812, about the siblings named Hansel and Gretel who are threatened by a cannibalistic witch who lives in a house made of cake and bread.


lexentry: eng/Hanukkah__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hanukkah
trans_list: Encaenia
sense:
(Judaism) An eight-day Jewish festival, starting on the 25th day of Kislev, which commemorates the rededication of the temple in Jerusalem after the victory of the Maccabees over the Greek Syrians.


lexentry: eng/Harran__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Harran
trans_list: Harān | Hellēnopolis
sense:
an ancient city in Upper Mesopotamia, which was a major Assyrian commercial, cultural, and religious center


lexentry: eng/Harvey__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: Harvey
trans_list: Charivius
sense:
The Shire of Harvey, a local government area in this area of Western Australia, which includes the town.


lexentry: eng/Harz__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Harz
trans_list: resina
sense:
A mountain range in central Germany; its rugged terrain extends across parts of in Lower Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt and Thuringia.


lexentry: eng/Hasdrubal__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hasdrubal
trans_list: Asdrūbal | Hasdrūbal
sense:
A male given name of historical usage, notably borne by Hasdrubal Barca and several other Carthaginians


lexentry: eng/Hatra__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hatra
trans_list: Hatra | Hatris
sense:
(historical) A caravan city, the capital of the small kingdom of Araba, in present-day Iraq, which flourished in 2nd-century Mesopotamia.


lexentry: eng/Hauts-de-France__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hauts-de-France
trans_list: Alta Franciae
sense:
An administrative region of France, created in 2016 by the merger of Nord-Pas-de-Calais and Picardy.


lexentry: eng/Hawaii__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Hawaii
trans_list: Havaii | Civitas Havaiorum
sense:
(specifically) An island in Hawaii archipelago, Pacific Ocean, of Hawaii County, State of Hawaii, United States. The largest of the Hawaiian Islands.


lexentry: eng/Hebe__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hebe
trans_list: Hebe
sense:
(Greek god) The goddess of youth, and a daughter of Zeus and Hera. Her Roman counterpart is Juventas.


lexentry: eng/Hebrew__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hebrew
trans_list: hebraeus | hebraea
sense:
(countable) A member or descendant of a Semitic people claiming descent from Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.


lexentry: eng/Hecate__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hecate
trans_list: Hecate
sense:
The powerful goddess, in Greek mythology, of magic, crossroads, fire, light, the moon, and the underworld. Her Roman counterpart is Trivia.


lexentry: eng/Helen__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Helen
trans_list: Helena
sense:
(Greek mythology) the daughter of Zeus and Leda, considered to be the most beautiful woman in the world; her abduction by Paris brought about the Trojan War.


lexentry: eng/Helenus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Helenus
trans_list: Helenus
sense:
(Greek mythology) the son of King Priam and Queen Hecuba of Troy, the twin brother of the prophetess Cassandra.


lexentry: eng/Heliogabalus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Heliogabalus
trans_list: Heliogabalus
sense:
Synonym of Elagabalus (“Roman emperor, noted for decadence, eccentricity, femininity, and disregard for Roman religious traditions and sexual taboos”).


lexentry: eng/Heliopolis__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Heliopolis
trans_list: Hēliopolis
sense:
(historical) The ancient capital of the 13th nome of Lower Egypt, located in the northern suburbs of modern Cairo, Egypt; known in Ancient Egyptian as Iunu and in later Coptic as On.


lexentry: eng/Helios__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Helios
trans_list: Helius
sense:
(Greek god) The god of the Sun; son of Hyperion and Theia, brother of Selene and Eos, father of Phaeton amongst others. His Roman counterpart is Sol.


lexentry: eng/Helle__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Helle
trans_list: Hellē
sense:
(Greek mythology) A daughter of king Athamas, who, together with her brother Phrixus, fled from their stepmother Ino to Colchis on a golden ram. On their way, she fell from its back and was drowned in the strait called, after her, Hellespont.


lexentry: eng/Hellen__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hellen
trans_list: Hellēn
sense:
(Greek mythology) the mythological patriarch of the Hellenes, the son of Deucalion (or sometimes Zeus) and Pyrrha, brother of Amphictyon and father of Aeolus, Xuthus, and Dorus


lexentry: eng/Helvétius__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Helvétius
trans_list: Helvētius
sense:
A surname from French, notably borne by Claude Adrien Helvétius, a French philosopher and littérateur


lexentry: eng/Hephaestus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hephaestus
trans_list: Hephaestus
sense:
(Greek god) The god of fire, smithwork, metallurgy, volcanoes, and artisans, who served as blacksmith of the gods. His Roman counterpart is Vulcan.


lexentry: eng/Hera__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hera
trans_list: Hēra | Hera
sense:
(Greek god) The queen of the gods, and goddess of marriage and birth; daughter of Cronus and Rhea, sister and wife of Zeus, mother of Hephaestus, Ares, Hebe, and Enyo.


lexentry: eng/Heracles__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Heracles
trans_list: Heracles
sense:
(Greek mythology) : Son of Zeus and Alcmene, a celebrated hero who possessed exceptional strength. Most famous for his 12 labours performed to redeem himself after killing his family.


lexentry: eng/Heraclitus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Heraclitus
trans_list: Hēraclītus
sense:
An Ancient Greek en given name, notably borne by Heraclitus of Ephesus, a pre-Socratic Ionian philosopher


lexentry: eng/Herculaneum__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Herculaneum
trans_list: Herculāneum
sense:
(historical) A city in Italy which was entirely destroyed by the same eruption of Vesuvius that also turned Pompeii into a ruin


lexentry: eng/Hercules__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hercules
trans_list: Herculēs | Hercules
sense:
(Roman mythology) The Roman name for the Greek divine hero Heracles, who was the son of Jupiter and Alcmene, a celebrated hero who possessed exceptional strength. Most famous for his 12 labours performed to redeem himself after killing his family.


lexentry: eng/Hercules__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Hercules
trans_list: Hercules | Geniculator | Geniculatus | Ingeniculatus | Ingeniculus | Nixus
sense:
(constellation) A summer constellation of the northern sky, said to resemble the mythical hero. It lies between the constellations Lyra and Corona Borealis.


lexentry: eng/Hereford__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hereford
trans_list: Herefordia
sense:
A city and civil parish (with a city council) in and the county town of Herefordshire, England (OS grid ref SO5140).


lexentry: eng/Hereford__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Hereford
trans_list: Herefordia
sense:
A city, the county seat of Deaf Smith County, Texas, United States, named for Hereford cattle raised there.


lexentry: eng/Hermes__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hermes
trans_list: Hermes
sense:
(Greek god) The herald and messenger of the gods, and the god of roads, commerce, invention, cunning, and theft.


lexentry: eng/Herod__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Herod
trans_list: Hērōdēs
sense:
The name of any of a number of members of the Herodian dynasty who ruled in the Roman province of Judea, most notably Herod the Great, who ordered the Massacre of the Innocents, or Herod Antipas, his son, who met Jesus during his Passion.


lexentry: eng/Herodian__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Herodian
trans_list: Hērōdiānī
sense:
One of a sect or party mentioned in the New Testament as having, in Galilee and Jerusalem, manifested an unfriendly disposition towards Jesus.


lexentry: eng/Herostratus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Herostratus
trans_list: Hērostratus
sense:
an Ancient Greek arsonist who destroyed the Temple of Artemis, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, in order to become famous


lexentry: eng/Hertzsprung-Russell_diagram__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hertzsprung-Russell diagram
trans_list: diagramma Hertzsprung-Russell
sense:
(astronomy) A graphic representation of the absolute magnitude of stars against their color (or surface temperature), which shows the main sequence of stars plus the white dwarfs and red giants.


lexentry: eng/Hesiod__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hesiod
trans_list: Hēsiodus | Hesiodus
sense:
Ancient Greek poet and rhapsodist of the 8th century BCE, known as the first author of didactic verse


lexentry: eng/Hesperia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hesperia
trans_list: Hesperia
sense:
Literally "western land", a term poetically applied by Ancient Greeks to Italy and by Romans to the Iberian Peninsula and Western Africa.


lexentry: eng/Hesperides__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hesperides
trans_list: Hesperides
sense:
(Greek mythology) A group of nymphs who tend a blissful garden filled with trees that grew golden apples in a far western corner of the world, located in Libya or the Atlas Mountains in North Africa at the edge of the encircling Oceanus; they are said to be the daughters of Hesperus.


lexentry: eng/Hesychius__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hesychius
trans_list: Hēsychïus
sense:
A Greek grammarian from the 5th century AD, known for compiling the richest lexicon of unusual and obscure Ancient Greek words.


lexentry: eng/High_Mass__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: High Mass
trans_list: missa sōlemnis
sense:
A Roman Catholic or Anglo-Catholic Mass celebrated in full ceremonial form, in which the celebrant is generally assisted by a deacon and, in the Tridentine form, a subdeacon, and accompanied by acolytes, a thurifer, and a choir.


lexentry: eng/Hijra__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hijra
trans_list: hegira
sense:
The flight of Muhammad and his followers from Mecca to Yathrib (later Medina) in 622 ce, which forms the first year of the Islamic era (ah 1).


lexentry: eng/Himalayas__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Himalayas
trans_list: Himalaja
sense:
The mountain range in south-central Asia which extends about 2,414 km (1,500 mi) through Kashmir, northern India, southern Tibet, Nepal, Sikkim, Bhutan and Assam; it contains nine of the world’s ten highest peaks, including Mount Everest/Qomolongma.


lexentry: eng/Hindi__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Hindi
trans_list: hindice
sense:
The Central Zone of Indo-Aryan languages. These are also spoken in Fiji, Guyana and as a second language by Indians in many other countries.


lexentry: eng/Hinduism__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hinduism
trans_list: Hinduismus
sense:
A religion, philosophy and culture native to India, characterized by the belief in reincarnation and a supreme oneness personified in many forms and natures.


lexentry: eng/Hippocrates__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hippocrates
trans_list: Hippocratēs
sense:
An Ancient Greek en given name, notably borne by Hippocrates of Cos, an Ancient Greek physician, circa 5th century BC, sometimes called the "father of medicine."


lexentry: eng/Hitler__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hitler
trans_list: Hitler
sense:
Ellipsis of w:Adolf Hitler; Führer of the Nazi Party and chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945; particularly as the embodiment of Nazism.


lexentry: eng/Hittite__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Hittite
trans_list: lingua Hetthaea
sense:
Of or relating to the Hittite Kingdom, located in central Anatolia (modern Turkey), that flourished from about 1800 to 1400 B.C.E..


lexentry: eng/Hittite__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hittite
trans_list: Hetthea
sense:
An ancient Indo-European language of the Anatolian branch, attested from the 16th century BC until the 13th century BC.


lexentry: eng/Holland__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Holland
trans_list: Hollandia | Batavia
sense:
A traditional region in the Netherlands formed by two modern provinces, North Holland and South Holland.


lexentry: eng/Holocaust__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Holocaust
trans_list: Soa
sense:
(historical, narrowly) The systematic mass murder (genocide) of six million Jews perpetrated by Nazi Germany shortly before and during World War II.


lexentry: eng/Holocaust__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Holocaust
trans_list: Soa
sense:
(historical, broadly) The systematic mass murder (democide) of somewhere between eleven and fourteen million people, namely six million Jews and from five to eight million others (including Romanis, Slavs, homosexuals, and people with physical and mental disabilities), perpetrated by Nazi Germany shortly before and during World War II.


lexentry: eng/Holofernes__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Holofernes
trans_list: Holofernēs | Holophernēs | Olofernēs | Olophernēs
sense:
a character in the deuterocanonical Book of Judith, an invading general of Nebuchadnezzar, beheaded by Judith.


lexentry: eng/Holstein__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Holstein
trans_list: Holsatia
sense:
The region between the rivers Elbe and Eider, to the south of Schleswig, part of the German state of Schleswig-Holstein.


lexentry: eng/Holy_Communion__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Holy Communion
trans_list: communio
sense:
A Christian sacrament commemorating the Last Supper of Christ, with the physical forms of bread and usually wine which are believed by certain denominations to become Christ himself or to host his spiritual presence.


lexentry: eng/Holy_Grail__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Holy Grail
trans_list: Gradalis Sanctus
sense:
(Arthurian mythology) An artifact in Arthurian mythology, being the cup used by Christ at the Last Supper and in which some of his blood was caught during the crucifixion.


lexentry: eng/Holy_Land__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Holy Land
trans_list: Terra Sancta
sense:
(Judaism, Christianity, Islam) That part of the Middle East, consisting mostly of Israel and Palestine, in which most Biblical events are set.


lexentry: eng/Holy_Prepuce__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Holy Prepuce
trans_list: sanctum praeputium
sense:
Any of several sacred or holy foreskins (Latin sānctum praepūtium) allegedly from the circumcision of the baby Jesus on the eighth day of his life.


lexentry: eng/Holy_Roman_Empire__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Holy Roman Empire
trans_list: Sacrum Romanum Imperium
sense:
(history) A political conglomeration of lands in Central Europe from at least 962 C.E. until 1806. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/Holy_See__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Holy See
trans_list: Sāncta Sēdēs | Sancta Sedes
sense:
The episcopal jurisdiction of the Bishop of Rome, commonly known as the Pope. It is the preeminent see of the Catholic Church. It is also the sovereign entity headed by the Pope which governs the Vatican and represents the Catholic Church in temporal affairs.


lexentry: eng/Holy_Spirit__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Holy Spirit
trans_list: Spīritus Sānctus | Spiritus Sanctus
sense:
(Christianity) The person (hypostasis) of the Trinity or Godhead corresponding to divine essence present in the faithful (particularly inspired prophets) and considered to proceed either from (Eastern Orthodoxy) God the Father alone or (Roman Catholicism) from Him together with God the Son.


lexentry: eng/Holy_Week__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Holy Week
trans_list: Hebdomas Sancta
sense:
The week preceding Easter containing Palm Sunday, Holy Monday, Holy Tuesday, Holy Wednesday (Spy Wednesday), Holy Thursday (Maundy Thursday), Holy Friday (Good Friday), and Holy Saturday.


lexentry: eng/Hong_Kong__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hong Kong
trans_list: Hongcongum | Siamkiamum
sense:
A city in southeastern China, located on an island east of the Pearl River delta in the South China Sea; formerly owned by the United Kingdom.


lexentry: eng/Horologium__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Horologium
trans_list: Horologium
sense:
(astronomy) A constellation of the southern sky, said to resemble a pendulum clock. It lies between the constellations Fornax and Dorado.


lexentry: eng/Hungarian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Hungarian
trans_list: Pannonius
sense:
Of, from, or pertaining to the Kingdom of Hungary, during the days of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, regardless of ethnicity.


lexentry: eng/Hungarian__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Hungarian
trans_list: Hungarus
sense:
A person from the former Kingdom of Hungary, during the Austro-Hungarian Empire, regardless of that person's ethnicity.


lexentry: eng/Hyacinthus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hyacinthus
trans_list: Hyacinthus
sense:
(Greek mythology) A Spartan youth loved and accidentally killed by Apollo. The flower hyacinth sprang from his blood.


lexentry: eng/Hyades__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Hyades
trans_list: Sūculae
sense:
(astronomy) An open cluster of stars in the constellation Taurus, and the nearest visible such cluster to Earth.


lexentry: eng/Hydra__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hydra
trans_list: hydra
sense:
(Greek mythology) A mythological serpent with many heads, slain by Hercules as one of his twelve labours.


lexentry: eng/Hydra__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Hydra
trans_list: Hydra | Anguis
sense:
(constellation) A spring constellation of the northern sky, said to resemble a serpent. It lies just south of the zodiac and contains the star Alphard.


lexentry: eng/Hydrus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hydrus
trans_list: Hydrus
sense:
(constellation) A winter constellation of the southern sky, said to resemble a small serpent. It lies between the constellations Mensa and Tucana. It is not to be confused with the constellation Hydra.


lexentry: eng/Hygieia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hygieia
trans_list: Hygēa | Hygīa
sense:
(Greek deities) The goddess and personification of health and healthiness, a daughter of Asclepius and Epione.


lexentry: eng/Hypatia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Hypatia
trans_list: Hypatia
sense:
(historical) Hypatia of Alexandria (born c. AD 350–370; died 415), an Ancient Greek mathematician, astronomer, and philosopher, and head of the Neoplatonic school at Alexandria.


lexentry: eng/Hypertext_Markup_Language__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hypertext Markup Language
trans_list: lingua annotationis hypertextualis
sense:
A set of tags and rules used in developing hypertext documents to be presented on web browsers, allowing incorporation of text, graphics, sound, video and hyperlinks.


lexentry: eng/Hypnos__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hypnos
trans_list: Somnus
sense:
(Greek god) The god and personification of sleep. The son of Nyx and Erebus, twin brother of Thanatos, husband of Pasithea, and the father of the Oneiroi. His Roman counterpart is Somnus.


lexentry: eng/Hypsipyle__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hypsipyle
trans_list: Hypsipylē
sense:
(Greek mythology) The daughter of Thoas and Myrina, queen of Lemnos at the time of the curse by Aphrodite, the island’s subsequent androcide, and the Argonauts’ two-year sojourn on the island, during which time she bore Jason twin sons.


lexentry: eng/Hyrcania__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hyrcania
trans_list: Hyrcania
sense:
(historical) A region in the southeastern Caspian Sea, corresponding to parts of modern-day Iran (specifically Northern Iran) and Turkmenistan.


lexentry: eng/I_know__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: I know
trans_list: scire
sense:
A response used to indicate that speaker was in agreement with the preceding statement before it was made.


lexentry: eng/I_think,_therefore_I_am__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: I think, therefore I am
trans_list: cōgitō, ergō sum
sense:
(philosophy) I am able to think, therefore I exist. A philosophical proof of existence based on the fact that someone capable of any form of thought necessarily exists.


lexentry: eng/Iapetus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Iapetus
trans_list: Japetus
sense:
(Greek god) A Titan, the son of Uranus and Gaia, and father of Atlas, Prometheus, Epimetheus, and Menoetius.


lexentry: eng/Iberia__Proper_noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Iberia
trans_list: Hibēria
sense:
(historical) Antique and Byzantine name for the ancient Georgian kingdom of Kartli in Eastern Europe, located east of Colchis, corresponding roughly to the eastern parts of present-day Georgia.


lexentry: eng/Iberian_Peninsula__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Iberian Peninsula
trans_list: Hiberia
sense:
A peninsula located in the extreme southwest of Europe which includes modern day Spain, Portugal, Andorra and Gibraltar, bordered on the south and east by the Mediterranean Sea, and on the north and west by the Atlantic Ocean, with the Pyrenees forming the northeast edge of the peninsula, connecting it to the rest of Europe.


lexentry: eng/Idumaea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Idumaea
trans_list: Idūmaea
sense:
(historical) An ancient region in the south of Judea in modern Israel and the West Bank, inhabited by the Edomites during the Hellenistic period and Roman occupation.


lexentry: eng/Illinois__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: Illinois
trans_list: Illinoesia
sense:
A river in Oregon, United States that flows from the southwestern corner of the state into the Rogue River.


lexentry: eng/Illyria__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Illyria
trans_list: Illyricum | Illyria
sense:
A region in Southeast Europe, the western part of what is now the Balkan Peninsula that was inhabited by the Illyrians, ancient Indo-European people.


lexentry: eng/Inca__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Inca
trans_list: Inca
sense:
A member of the group of Quechuan peoples of highland Peru who established an empire from northern Ecuador to central Chile before the Spanish conquest.


lexentry: eng/India__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: India
trans_list: India
sense:
(chiefly, historical, proscribed, _, in modern use) A region of South Asia, traditionally delimited by the Himalayas and the Indus river; the Indian subcontinent.


lexentry: eng/Indian__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Indian
trans_list: Amerinda
sense:
An American Indian, a member of one of the indigenous peoples of the Americas (generally excluding the Aleut, Inuit, Metis, or Yupik). [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/Indian_sunburn__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Indian sunburn
trans_list: urtica
sense:
(slang) The prank of grabbing a victim's forearm in both hands and twisting the skin in opposite directions.


lexentry: eng/Indianapolis__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Indianapolis
trans_list: Indianapolis
sense:
The capital city of Indiana, United States and the county seat of Marion County, with which the city is consolidated.


lexentry: eng/Indo-European_studies__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Indo-European studies
trans_list: disciplina Indoeuropaea
sense:
The academic study of the Indo-European languages in relation to Proto-Indo-European, and sometimes of related humanities. (This entry is a translation hub.)


lexentry: eng/Indochina__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Indochina
trans_list: Indosina | Paeninsula Indosinensis
sense:
(historical) The former French colonial part of Southeast Asia comprising the peninsula containing Vietnam, Cambodia and Laos.


lexentry: eng/Indonesia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Indonesia
trans_list: Indonesia
sense:
A country and archipelago in maritime Southeast Asia. Official name: Republic of Indonesia (since 1950). Capital: Jakarta.


lexentry: eng/Instagram__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Instagram
trans_list: Īnstagramma
sense:
(Internet) An online photo- and video-sharing social networking service, originally designed to mimic old-fashioned instant cameras.


lexentry: eng/Interlingua__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Interlingua
trans_list: Interlingua
sense:
A constructed interlanguage based on Romance languages, English, German, Russian and Latin, developed by the International Auxiliary Language Association, and first published in 1951.


lexentry: eng/International_System_of_Units__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: International System of Units
trans_list: Systema Internationale Unitatum
sense:
(metrology) A standard set of units of measurement for use in scientific literature worldwide. The newest and most widespread version of the metric system.


lexentry: eng/Internet__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Internet
trans_list: interrete
sense:
The specific internet consisting of a global network of computers that communicate using Internet Protocol (IP) and that use Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) to identify the best paths to route those communications.


lexentry: eng/Io__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Io
trans_list: Īō | Io
sense:
(Greek mythology) The daughter of Inachus river god, and a lover of Zeus, turned by the latter into a heifer.


lexentry: eng/Ionia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ionia
trans_list: Iōnia
sense:
(historical) A former settlement in Anatolia, on the coast of the Aegean Sea; An Ancient Greek settlement on the west coast of Asia Minor inhabited by the Ionians, one of the four main Hellenic tribes.


lexentry: eng/Ionian_Islands__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ionian Islands
trans_list: Insulae Ioniae
sense:
A group of islands in the Ionian Sea – one of the 13 peripheries of Greece. The main islands are Cephalonia, Corfu, Ithaca, Kythira, Lefkada, Paxoi and Zante.


lexentry: eng/Ionic_Greek__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ionic Greek
trans_list: Ias
sense:
The dialect of Ancient Greek used on Euboea and other islands in the Aegean Sea and in parts of Asia Minor, from around 1000 to 300 B.C.E., closely related to Attic Greek and contributing a great deal to Epic Greek. The language of Herodotus, Hippocrates, and Archilochus.


lexentry: eng/Iotaba__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Iotaba
trans_list: Iotaba
sense:
(historical) A bishopric in Tiran, Palaestina Tertia, Roman Catholic Church. (A former bishopric located on the island.)


lexentry: eng/Iotaba__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Iotaba
trans_list: Iotaba
sense:
(Roman Catholicism) A titular see in Tiran, Palestina, Roman Catholic Church (located on the island)


lexentry: eng/Iphigenia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Iphigenia
trans_list: Īphigenīa
sense:
(Greek mythology) The daughter of Agamemnon and Clytaemnestra, who is sacrificed by her father to ensure the safe journey of the Greeks to Troy.


lexentry: eng/Iran__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Iran
trans_list: Irania
sense:
A country in West Asia, in the Middle East. Official name: Islamic Republic of Iran. Capital: Tehran.


lexentry: eng/Iraq__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Iraq
trans_list: Iraquia | Iraca
sense:
A country in Western Asia, in the Middle East. Official name: Republic of Iraq. Capital and largest city: Baghdad.


lexentry: eng/Ireland__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Ireland
trans_list: Hī̆bernia | Hibernia
sense:
A republic occupying the majority-area of the island of Ireland, with Northern Ireland occupying the rest of the island. Also known as the Republic of Ireland since 1949.


lexentry: eng/Irish_Sea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Irish Sea
trans_list: Mare Hibernicum | Mare Vergivium
sense:
A sea in British Isles, Europe, in the Atlantic. A sea between the islands of Great Britain and Ireland; bordered to the north by the North Channel and to the south by St George's Channel and the Celtic Sea.


lexentry: eng/Isaac__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Isaac
trans_list: Isaac | Isaacus
sense:
(biblical character) The son of Abraham and Sarah, father of Esau and Jacob, from whom the Hebrew people trace their descent.


lexentry: eng/Ishmael__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ishmael
trans_list: Ismael | Ismahel
sense:
(Abrahamism, biblical character) The eldest son of Abraham and his wife's handmaiden Hagar who were cast out after the birth of Isaac; traditionally the ancestor of the Arabs via the Ishmaelites.


lexentry: eng/Isis__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Isis
trans_list: Īsis
sense:
(Egyptian god) An ancient Egyptian goddess, the wife of Osiris and mother of Horus, worshiped as the ideal mother and wife and as the matron of nature and magic.


lexentry: eng/Islam__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Islam
trans_list: islam | religio islamica
sense:
A monotheistic Abrahamic religion followed by Muslims that is based on the teachings of Muhammad and the Qur'an.


lexentry: eng/Isle_of_Man__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Isle of Man
trans_list: Monapia
sense:
An island and crown dependency of the United Kingdom in the Irish Sea, part of the British Isles but not of the United Kingdom.


lexentry: eng/Isle_of_Wight__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Isle of Wight
trans_list: Vectis | Vecta
sense:
An island, county and unitary authority off the south coast of England in the English Channel opposite Southampton.


lexentry: eng/Israel__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Israel
trans_list: Israel
sense:
(Biblical) A Biblical region of Western Asia roughly coextensive with the modern State of Israel, known in the Bible as the Land of Israel and considered the ancestral homeland of the Jewish people.


lexentry: eng/Israelite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Israelite
trans_list: Israelita
sense:
A native or inhabitant of (i) the united nation of Israel (under the Judges, and then kings Saul, David and Solomon), or (ii) the later northern kingdom centered in Samaria, distinct from kingdom of Judah centered in Jerusalem.


lexentry: eng/Issus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Issus
trans_list: Issus
sense:
(historical) An ancient settlement in Cilicia, modern Hatay Province, Turkey, where in 333 BCE Alexander the Great defeated the Persians under Darius III


lexentry: eng/Istanbul__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Istanbul
trans_list: Cōnstantīnopolis | Bȳzantium
sense:
A Turkish city, and the largest European city by population, which was the last capital of the Ottoman Empire and the Byzantine Empire (Eastern Roman Empire).


lexentry: eng/Istria__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Istria
trans_list: Histria
sense:
A peninsula in Croatia, Slovenia and Italy, on the northeastern coast of the Adriatic Sea: The Istrian Peninsula.


lexentry: eng/Italian_Peninsula__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Italian Peninsula
trans_list: Paeninsula Italica
sense:
A large peninsula in Southern Europe protruding into the Mediterranean Sea and shaped like a boot. The mountain range of Apennines runs across it from north to south. Occupied almost entirely by Italy.


lexentry: eng/Italian__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Italian
trans_list: lingua italica | italicum
sense:
(uncountable) The official language of Italy, also spoken in San Marino, the Vatican, and parts of Argentina, Slovenia and Switzerland.


lexentry: eng/Italian_oak__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Italian oak
trans_list: aesculus
sense:
Quercus frainetto, a species of oak native to southeastern Europe (parts of Italy, the Balkans, parts of Hungary, Romania) and Turkey.


lexentry: eng/Italy__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Italy
trans_list: Latina | Ītalia | Italia
sense:
A country in Southern Europe. Official names: Italian Republic and Republic of Italy. Capital and largest city: Rome.


lexentry: eng/Ixion__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ixion
trans_list: Ixion
sense:
(Greek mythology) King of Lapiths, who was punished by Zeus for trying to seduce Hera by being bound to a winged fiery wheel that was always spinning.


lexentry: eng/Ixion__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Ixion
trans_list: Ixion
sense:
(astronomy) A Kuiper belt object (KBO), 28978 Ixion (provisional designation 2001 KX76), once thought to be a possible dwarf planet.


lexentry: eng/Izmir__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Izmir
trans_list: Smyrna
sense:
A major Turkish port city situated midway along the western Anatolian seaboard, geographically continuous with the ancient city of Smyrna.


lexentry: eng/Jacob__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Jacob
trans_list: Jacobus | Iacobus
sense:
(biblical character) One of the sons of Isaac and Rebecca, and twin brother of Esau; father of the Israelites (Jews and Samaritans) by 12 sons by 4 consorts, most famously Judah and Joseph who fathered Manasseh; was renamed to Israel.


lexentry: eng/James__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: James
trans_list: Iacobus | Jacomus
sense:
One of two Apostles, James the Greater and James the Less, often identified with James, brother of Jesus.


lexentry: eng/January__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: January
trans_list: iānuārius | Ianuarius
sense:
The first month of the Gregorian calendar, following the December of the previous year and preceding February. Abbreviation: Jan or Jan.


lexentry: eng/Janus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Janus
trans_list: Iānus | Jānus
sense:
(Roman god) The god of doorways, gates and transitions, and of beginnings and endings, having two faces looking in opposite directions.


lexentry: eng/Japanese__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Japanese
trans_list: Iapō | Iapo
sense:
(countable, chiefly, in the plural) A person/people living in or coming from Japan, or of Japanese ancestry.


lexentry: eng/Japheth__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Japheth
trans_list: Iafeth | Iapheth | Iapetus | Iaphet | Iaphetus | Japetus
sense:
(biblical character) The third son of Noah, brother to Shem and Ham, who received a blessing from God with Shem, considered to be the ancestor of the Japhetic people(s) (associated approx. with Indo-Europeans).


lexentry: eng/Jason__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Jason
trans_list: Iason
sense:
(Greek mythology) The leader of the Argonauts, who retrieved the Golden Fleece from king Aeetes of Colchis, for his uncle Pelias.


lexentry: eng/Jehovah's_Witness__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Jehovah's Witness
trans_list: Testis Jehovah
sense:
A member of a monotheistic and nontrinitarian Restoration Christian denomination founded by Charles Taze Russell in 1879 as a small Bible study group. Originally known as International Bible Students or Bible Students.


lexentry: eng/Jehovah's_Witnesses__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Jehovah's Witnesses
trans_list: Testes Iehova
sense:
A monotheistic and nontrinitarian Restoration Christian denomination founded by Charles Taze Russell in 1879 as a small Bible study group. Originally known as International Bible Students or Bible Students.


lexentry: eng/Jeju__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Jeju
trans_list: Ieiu | Jeju | dialectos Jeju
sense:
An endangered language, sometimes considered a dialect of the Korean language, spoken on the island.


lexentry: eng/Jeremiah__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Jeremiah
trans_list: Hieremias | Ieremias
sense:
(Abrahamism, biblical character) An ancient prophet, the author of the Book of Jeremiah, and of the Lamentations.


lexentry: eng/Jeroboam__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Jeroboam
trans_list: Ieroboāmus
sense:
A bottle of champagne or Burgundy wine containing 3 liters of fluid, four times the volume of a standard bottle.


lexentry: eng/Jeroboam__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Jeroboam
trans_list: Ieroboāmus
sense:
A bottle of Bordeaux wine containing 4.5 liters of fluid, six times the volume of a standard bottle.


lexentry: eng/Jersey__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Jersey
trans_list: Caesarea insula
sense:
A dependency of the United Kingdom; the largest of the Channel Islands in the English Channel between France and England.


lexentry: eng/Jerusalem__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Jerusalem
trans_list: Hierosolyma | Hierusalem | Ierosolyma | Jerosolyma | Aelia Capitolina | Hierosolymae
sense:
A city in the Holy Land between the Mediterranean Sea and Dead Sea, holy in Judaism, Christianity and Islam; the claimed capital city of Israel and of Palestine.


lexentry: eng/Jesus_Christ__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Jesus Christ
trans_list: Iesus Christus
sense:
Jesus of Nazareth, a first-century Jewish religious preacher and craftsman (commonly understood to have been a carpenter, see Ancient Greek τέκτων (téktōn, “builder”)) from Galilee, held to be a prophet, teacher and the Messiah, or Christ, in Christianity. Also held to be a prophet in Islam and the Baháʼí Faith.


lexentry: eng/Jesus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Jesus
trans_list: Iēsus | Iesus
sense:
Jesus of Nazareth, a first-century Jewish religious preacher and craftsman (commonly understood to have been a carpenter, see Ancient Greek τέκτων (téktōn, “builder”)) from Galilee held to be a prophet, teacher, the son of God, and the Messiah, or Christ, in Christianity; also called "Jesus Christ" by Christians. Held to be a prophet by Muslims and Baháʼís.


lexentry: eng/Jewry__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Jewry
trans_list: Iudaismus
sense:
(historical) The quarter of a town or city inhabited either partially or exclusively by Jews; historically, its main buildings were the synagogue, the ritual bath or mikve, the kosher-oriented butchery and bakery, etc. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/Jezebel__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Jezebel
trans_list: Hiezabel
sense:
(biblical character) The Phoenician princess and Queen of Ancient Israel who appears in the Old Testament (1 Kings & 2 Kings). She incited heresy and lured the Jews away from their God and back to idols.


lexentry: eng/John__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: John
trans_list: Iōannēs | Ioannes
sense:
(biblical) Persons of the Christian Bible: John the Baptist; and names possibly referring to one, two or three persons, frequently called "Saint": John the Apostle, John the Evangelist and John of Patmos (also called John the Divine or John the Theologian).


lexentry: eng/John__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: John
trans_list: Iōannēs
sense:
(biblical) The Gospel of St. John, a book of the New Testament of the Bible. Traditionally the fourth of the four gospels.


lexentry: eng/John__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: John
trans_list: Ioannes
sense:
(biblical) One of the books in the New Testament of the Bible, the epistles of John (1 John, 2 John and 3 John).


lexentry: eng/Jonestown__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Jonestown
trans_list: Jonesopolis
sense:
A former settlement in northern Guyana founded by the Peoples Temple cult, and the site of an infamous mass murder-suicide in November 1978.


lexentry: eng/Judaism__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Judaism
trans_list: iudaismus
sense:
An Abrahamic religion tracing its origin to the Hebrew people of the ancient Middle East, as documented in their religious writings, the Tanakh.


lexentry: eng/Judas__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Judas
trans_list: Iūdās | Iudas
sense:
(biblical character) One of the twelve original Apostles of Jesus, known for his role in Jesus' betrayal into the hands of Roman authorities.


lexentry: eng/Judas__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Judas
trans_list: Iūdās | Iudas
sense:
(biblical, archaic) Alternative form of Jude, the penultimate book of the Bible and its ascribed author, Jude the Apostle.


lexentry: eng/Judea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Judea
trans_list: Iūdaea | Iūdea
sense:
Roman rendition of Judah. Used after the fall of the Davidic dynasty and through the period as part of the Roman Empire.


lexentry: eng/July__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: July
trans_list: iūlius | Iulius
sense:
The seventh month of the Gregorian calendar, following June and preceding August. Abbreviation: Jul or Jul.


lexentry: eng/June__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: June
trans_list: Iunius | iūnius
sense:
The sixth month of the Gregorian calendar, following May and preceding July. Abbreviation: Jun or Jun.


lexentry: eng/Juntine__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Juntine
trans_list: Juntīnus
sense:
Of, pertaining to, occurring in, or typifying any one or more of the editions of texts published by the Giunti family of Renaissance Florentine printers.


lexentry: eng/Jupiter__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Jupiter
trans_list: Iuppiter
sense:
(Roman god) The King of the Gods, also called Jove. Equivalent to the Greek Zeus, Jupiter was one of the children of Saturn. As supreme god of the Roman pantheon, Jupiter was the god of thunder, lightning, and storms, and appropriately called the god of light and sky.


lexentry: eng/Justinian__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Justinian
trans_list: Justinianus
sense:
A family name in Late Antiquity, notably that of Justinian I, emperor of the Byzantine Empire from 527 to 565.


lexentry: eng/Jutland__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Jutland
trans_list: Iutlandia | Cimbria
sense:
A peninsula in northwestern Europe, which belongs to Denmark (depending on the definition of the southern boundary also Germany).


lexentry: eng/Kabballah__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kabballah
trans_list: Cabbala
sense:
(Judaism) A body of mystical Jewish teachings based on an esoteric reading of the Hebrew scriptures.


lexentry: eng/Kadiivka__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kadiivka
trans_list: Pharangium Lapidōsum
sense:
A city, the administrative centre of the urban hromada of the same name in Alchevsk Raion, Luhansk Oblast, Ukraine, founded in 1814, controlled by the Luhansk People’s Republic since 2014


lexentry: eng/Kaiser__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kaiser
trans_list: imperator
sense:
An emperor of a German-speaking country, particularly the Holy Roman Empire (962–1806), the Austrian Empire/Austria-Hungary (1806–1918), or the German Empire (1871–1918) — often specifically Wilhelm II.


lexentry: eng/Kashmir__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kashmir
trans_list: Casmeria
sense:
A region of the northern part of the Indian subcontinent, located between (and de facto divided between) China, India, and Pakistan.


lexentry: eng/Kent__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kent
trans_list: Cantium
sense:
A maritime county in southeast England bordered by East Sussex, Surrey, Greater London, the North Sea and the English Channel.


lexentry: eng/Kentucky__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kentucky
trans_list: Kentukia | Chentuchia | Kentuckia
sense:
A state of the United States. Capital: Frankfort; largest city: Louisville. Formally known as the Commonwealth of Kentucky, one of four such states known as Commonwealths.


lexentry: eng/Kerch__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kerch
trans_list: Panticapaeum
sense:
A port city in Crimea, internationally recognized as part of Ukraine, but de facto controlled by Russia.


lexentry: eng/Key_lime__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Key lime
trans_list: lima
sense:
A small yellow (when ripe, usually sold green) lime, of hybrid Citrus × aurantiifolia, especially those from southern Florida.


lexentry: eng/Kharkiv__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kharkiv
trans_list: Charcovia
sense:
(city) An industrial city, the administrative centre of Kharkiv Raion, Kharkiv Oblast, in eastern Ukraine.


lexentry: eng/Kherson__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kherson
trans_list: Chersona
sense:
A port city, the administrative centre of Kherson raion, Kherson oblast, Ukraine, located on the Dnieper.


lexentry: eng/Khrushchev__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Khrushchev
trans_list: Chruščëv
sense:
English transliteration of the Russian surname Хрущёв; usually refers to the Russian revolutionary and Soviet Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU(b) Nikita Khrushchev.


lexentry: eng/Kim__Proper_noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kim
trans_list: aurum
sense:
A surname from Korean, the English form of a surname very common in Korea. (^김, hanja: 金), the most common Korean surname.


lexentry: eng/King_Arthur__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: King Arthur
trans_list: Arthurus | Arthurus rex
sense:
A legendary king of Britain, said to have led the defence of Britain against Saxon invaders in the early 6th century.


lexentry: eng/Kingdom_of_Heaven__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kingdom of Heaven
trans_list: Regnum Coelorum
sense:
(Christianity) A concept of heaven as a hierarchical dominion with God at the top and a court of saints, archangels and angels.


lexentry: eng/Kingdom_of_Scotland__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kingdom of Scotland
trans_list: Regnum Scotiae | regnum Scotiae
sense:
A kingdom in western Europe, until the foundation of the United Kingdom of Great Britain on the First of May 1707.


lexentry: eng/Kingdom_of_the_Two_Sicilies__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kingdom of the Two Sicilies
trans_list: Regnum Utriusque Siciliae
sense:
(historical) A former kingdom in southern Italy with its capital at Palermo and Naples between 1816 and 1861, covering Sicily and most of the present-day Mezzogiorno.


lexentry: eng/Kiribati__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kiribati
trans_list: Kiribati
sense:
A country consisting mostly of the Gilbert Islands archipelago, located in Micronesia in Oceania. Official name: Republic of Kiribati. Capital and largest city: South Tarawa.


lexentry: eng/Kislev__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kislev
trans_list: casleu
sense:
(Judaism) The third month of the civil year and the ninth month of the ecclesiastical year in the Jewish calendar, after Cheshvan and before Tevet.


lexentry: eng/Klyazma__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Klyazma
trans_list: Clēsma
sense:
A river wholly within Russia, originating near Solnechnogorsk (Moscow Oblast) in the Moscow Uplands, whence it flows into and through Vladimir Oblast, approximately delineating its border with Ivanovo Oblast from near Repniki to near Mstyora, before returning to Vladimir’s interior, and thereafter approximately delineating its border with Nizhny Novgorod Oblast from near the point at which the river is bridged by the Volga Highway (E22) to its confluence with the Oka, whereof it forms a left tributary.


lexentry: eng/Koblenz__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Koblenz
trans_list: Confluentes
sense:
An independent city in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany, at the confluence of the Rhine and Moselle Rivers.


lexentry: eng/Kola_Peninsula__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kola Peninsula
trans_list: Kola paeninsula
sense:
A peninsula in Murmansk Oblast, in the far north of Russia. It borders upon the Barents Sea on the north and the White Sea on the east and south.


lexentry: eng/Korea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Korea
trans_list: Corēa | Corea
sense:
A nation and peninsula in East Asia. Now divided into two sovereign states, commonly called South Korea and North Korea.


lexentry: eng/Korean__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Korean
trans_list: Lingua Coreana
sense:
(uncountable) Official language of the people residing on the Korean Peninsula, and language of approximately 60 million people, in Asia, North America, and elsewhere.


lexentry: eng/Kosovo__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kosovo
trans_list: Kosovia
sense:
A partly-recognized country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe. Official name: Republic of Kosovo. Capital and largest city: Pristina. Considered by the Republic of Serbia to be one of its two autonomous provinces.


lexentry: eng/Krasnodar__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Krasnodar
trans_list: Crasnodaria
sense:
A city, the administrative center of Krasnodar Krai, Russia, called Yekaterinodar before December 1920.


lexentry: eng/Krnov__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Krnov
trans_list: Carnōvia
sense:
An Upper Silesian town on the River Opava in the northeastern Czech Republic, near the Polish border.


lexentry: eng/Kronstadt__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kronstadt
trans_list: Cronstadium
sense:
A municipal town near Saint Petersburg, Russia. Located on Kotlin Island (also known as Retusaari or Reitskär).


lexentry: eng/Kura__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kura
trans_list: Cyrus
sense:
A river in Turkey, Georgia and Azerbaijan, where receiving waters of Araks empties into Caspian Sea.


lexentry: eng/Kurd__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kurd
trans_list: Corduēnus
sense:
A member of the linguistically and culturally distinct people who speak Kurdish and mainly inhabit those parts of Turkey, Iran, Iraq and Syria sometimes known as Kurdistan.


lexentry: eng/Kurdistan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kurdistan
trans_list: Corduēna
sense:
A region in the Middle East inhabited mostly by the Kurds. It encompasses parts of Turkey, Iraq, Iran and Syria.


lexentry: eng/Kuril_Islands__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kuril Islands
trans_list: Insulae Curilenses
sense:
An archipelago between Japan and Kamchatka, Russia, separating the Sea of Okhotsk from the north Pacific Ocean.


lexentry: eng/Kursk__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Kursk
trans_list: Kurscha
sense:
A city, the administrative center of Kursk Oblast, Russia; scene of a major World War II battle between Soviet and German forces in 1943.


lexentry: eng/Kuwait__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kuwait
trans_list: Cuvaitum
sense:
A country in Western Asia, in the Middle East. Official name: State of Kuwait. Capital: Kuwait City.


lexentry: eng/Kyrgyzstan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kyrgyzstan
trans_list: Chirgisia
sense:
A country in Central Asia, bordering on Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and China. Official name: Kyrgyz Republic. Capital: Bishkek.


lexentry: eng/La_Rochelle__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: La Rochelle
trans_list: Rūpella
sense:
A port city, the capital of the Charente-Maritime department, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France, on the Bay of Biscay, formerly in Poitou-Charentes.


lexentry: eng/Lacerta__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lacerta
trans_list: Lacerta
sense:
(constellation) An inconspicuous autumn constellation of the northern sky, said to resemble a lizard. It lies between the constellations of Cygnus and Andromeda.


lexentry: eng/Laconia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Laconia
trans_list: Laconia
sense:
A region in the southern Peloponnese, Greece, which has had Sparta as its capital for over 3,000 years.


lexentry: eng/Ladin__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ladin
trans_list: dolomiana | ladina | lingua Ladina
sense:
A Rhaeto-Romance language (or dialect continuum), spoken primarily in the Italian portion of Tyrol and the Dolomite Mountains in Northern Italy.


lexentry: eng/Ladoga__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ladoga
trans_list: Ladoga
sense:
A freshwater lake located in the Republic of Karelia and Leningrad Oblast in northwestern Russia, not far from Saint Petersburg. It is the largest lake in Europe.


lexentry: eng/Lady__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lady
trans_list: Domina
sense:
An aristocratic title for a woman; the wife of a lord and/or a woman who holds the position in her own right; a title for a peeress, the wife of a peer or knight, and the daughters and daughters-in-law of certain peers.


lexentry: eng/Lake_Constance__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lake Constance
trans_list: Lacus Bodamicus | Lacus Brigantinus
sense:
A lake on the Rhine located at the intersection of Germany (Bavaria and Baden-Württemberg), Switzerland (St. Gallen, Thurgau and Schaffhausen) and Austria (Vorarlberg). It consists of two parts, the Obersee in the east and northwest (Überlinger See) and the much smaller Untersee in the west.


lexentry: eng/Lake_Geneva__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lake Geneva
trans_list: Genā́va | Lemanus
sense:
A large lake in Europe, mainly in Switzerland, but with most of its southern shore in France; the city of Geneva is situated at its south-west end.


lexentry: eng/Lake_Michigan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lake Michigan
trans_list: Michiganus Lacus
sense:
One of the Great Lakes of North America, and the only one located entirely within the United States. Hydrologically, a bay of Lake Michigan–Huron.


lexentry: eng/Lake_Superior__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lake Superior
trans_list: Lacus Superior
sense:
A lake in North America; the largest of the Great Lakes and second largest lake and largest freshwater lake in the world by area.


lexentry: eng/Lampedusa__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lampedusa
trans_list: Lopadusa
sense:
The largest island of the Italian Pelagie Islands, located in the Mediterranean Sea between Malta and Tunisia.


lexentry: eng/Laocoön__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Laocoön
trans_list: Lāocoōn
sense:
(Greek mythology) A Trojan priest of Poseidon (or Apollo, depending on the author), whose rules he had defied (or whom he had otherwise offended), who tried to warn his fellow citizens against the Trojan horse. He was killed for this, along with his two sons, by giant snakes sent by Minerva (or Poseidon, or Apollo).


lexentry: eng/Lapland__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lapland
trans_list: Lapponia | Laponia
sense:
The northern parts of Scandinavia and Finland with the Kola Peninsula in Russia, traditionally inhabited by the Sami people.


lexentry: eng/Larissa__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Larissa
trans_list: Lārissa | Lārīsa
sense:
A city in western Asia Minor, close to the ancient Greek city of Smyrna and to the contemporary Turkish city of Menemen.


lexentry: eng/Larry__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Larry
trans_list: Laurentius
sense:
A diminutive of the en given name Laurence or Lawrence, popular as a male given name in the U.S. in the 1940s and the 1950s.


lexentry: eng/Latin_Church__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Latin Church
trans_list: Chiesa latina
sense:
(Catholicism) One of the 24 particular churches (sui juris) in full communion with the Holy See and the rest of the Catholic Church which uses the Latin liturgical rites.


lexentry: eng/Latin__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Latin
trans_list: Latīnum | lingua Latīna | lingua Latina
sense:
(uncountable) The language of the ancient Romans, other Latins and of the Roman Catholic church, especially Classical Latin.


lexentry: eng/Latin_alphabet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Latin alphabet
trans_list: alphabetum latinum
sense:
The 26-letter alphabet consisting of the following letters (presented in majuscule and minuscule pairs):


lexentry: eng/Latinity__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Latinity
trans_list: Latīnitās
sense:
(uncountable, countable) The quality of a particular person's Latin speech or writing; the Latin language, as an area of study or interest.


lexentry: eng/Latinize__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Latinize
trans_list: latinizo
sense:
(transitive) To translate something into the Latin language; or make a word similar in appearance or form to a Latin word.


lexentry: eng/Latium__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Latium
trans_list: Latium
sense:
(historical) A historical region of central Italy, in which the city of Rome was founded and grew to be the capital city of the Roman Empire.


lexentry: eng/Lauenburg__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lauenburg
trans_list: Lauenburgum
sense:
A city in Schleswig-Holstein which served as a waypoint on the Old Salt Route and is the southern terminus of the Elbe-Lübeck Canal; its surrounding lands.


lexentry: eng/Lausanne__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lausanne
trans_list: Lausanna | Lausodunum | Lausōna | Lausōnium
sense:
A municipality and city, the capital of Vaud canton, in western Switzerland, in which French is the main language.


lexentry: eng/Lazarus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lazarus
trans_list: Lazarus
sense:
(biblical) Lazarus of Bethany, a man supposedly raised from the dead by Jesus Christ and later (Christianity) revered as a saint.


lexentry: eng/Lazarus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Lazarus
trans_list: Lazarus
sense:
(biblical) A beggar in a parable by Jesus Christ, traditionally (Christianity) believed to have been a leper and often conflated with Lazarus of Bethany.


lexentry: eng/Lazica__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lazica
trans_list: Lazica
sense:
(historical) A region and kingdom in eastern shore of Black Sea corresponding to the ancient Colchis.


lexentry: eng/Lazio__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lazio
trans_list: Latium
sense:
An administrative region of Italy, situated in the central peninsular section of the country with Rome as its capital. It corresponds to ancient Latium.


lexentry: eng/Le_Havre__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Le Havre
trans_list: Franciscopolis | Portus Gratiae
sense:
A city and major port beside the mouth of the River Seine in Seine-Maritime department, Normandy, northern France.


lexentry: eng/League_of_Nations__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: League of Nations
trans_list: Societas Civitatum
sense:
An international organization founded as a result of the Treaty of Versailles, which ended the First World War. Its goals included disarmament, preventing war through collective security, settling disputes between countries through negotiation, diplomacy and improving global quality of life. The predecessor of the United Nations.


lexentry: eng/Lebanon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lebanon
trans_list: Libanus
sense:
A country in Western Asia, in the Middle East. Official name: Lebanese Republic. Capital: Beirut. Also (especially formerly) known as "the Lebanon".


lexentry: eng/Lemuria__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lemuria
trans_list: Lemuria
sense:
(historical) A religious feast of Ancient Rome during which rites were performed to exorcise the malevolent ghosts of the dead from their homes.


lexentry: eng/Lent__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lent
trans_list: quādrāgēsima
sense:
(Christianity) A period of the ecclesiastical year preceding Easter, traditionally involving temporary abstention from certain foods and pleasures.


lexentry: eng/Leo_Minor__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Leo Minor
trans_list: Leo Minor
sense:
(constellation) A spring constellation of the northern sky, said to resemble a small lion. It lies north of the constellation Leo and south of Ursa Major.


lexentry: eng/Leo__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Leo
trans_list: Leo
sense:
(zodiac constellations) A constellation of the zodiac, shaped approximately like a lion and containing the stars Regulus and Denebola.


lexentry: eng/Leo__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Leo
trans_list: Leo
sense:
(astrology) The zodiac sign for the Lion, ruled by the Sun and covering July 23 - August 22 (tropical astrology) or August 16 - September 15 (sidereal astrology).


lexentry: eng/Lepus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lepus
trans_list: Lepus
sense:
(constellation) A winter constellation of the northern sky, said to resemble a rabbit. It lies south of the constellation Orion.


lexentry: eng/Lesbian__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Lesbian
trans_list: Lesbias
sense:
(linguistics, uncountable) The variety of Aeolic Greek spoken on Lesbos from about 800 to 300 b.c., best known from the writings of Sappho and Alcaeus of Mytilene.


lexentry: eng/Lethean__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lethean
trans_list: Lethaeus
sense:
(chiefly, poetic, Greek mythology) Of or relating to the river Lethe, one of the four rivers of Hades. Those who drank from it experienced complete forgetfulness.


lexentry: eng/Levant__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Levant
trans_list: Oriens
sense:
The countries bordering the eastern Mediterranean Sea, namely Syria, Lebanon, Israel, Palestine, Jordan and Cyprus (and sometimes, especially in a historical context, also including Turkey and Egypt, then part of the Ottoman Empire).


lexentry: eng/Lezhë__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lezhë
trans_list: Lissus
sense:
A growing town in northwestern Albania, located 5-6 km southeast of Shëngjin slightly northeast of the southern mouth of the river Drin (Small Drin), which passes through the town; the town is best known for being one of the former centres of the Illyrian kingdom and for its typically Illyrian fortification walls; it is the seat of its eponymous county, municipality and municipal unit.


lexentry: eng/Libertas__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Libertas
trans_list: Lībertās
sense:
(Roman god) the Roman goddess and personification of liberty; equivalent to the Greek goddess Eleutheria.


lexentry: eng/Libra__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Libra
trans_list: Lībra | Libra
sense:
(astrology) The astrological sign for the scales, ruled by Venus and covering September 24 - October 23 (tropical astrology) or October 16 - November 16 (sidereal astrology).


lexentry: eng/Limburgish__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Limburgish
trans_list: Lingua Limburgica
sense:
A Germanic language or dialect continuum spoken near the common border between the Netherlands, Belgium and Germany.


lexentry: eng/Limoges__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Limoges
trans_list: Augustoritum | Lemovicum
sense:
A city, the capital of the Haute-Vienne department, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France, formerly the capital of the old Limousin region.


lexentry: eng/Linz__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Linz
trans_list: Lentia
sense:
The capital of, and largest city in, the state of Upper Austria, Austria, and the third-largest city in the country.


lexentry: eng/Lipari__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lipari
trans_list: Lipara
sense:
The largest of the Aeolian Islands in the Tyrrhenian Sea off the northern coast of Sicily, southern Italy.


lexentry: eng/Lisbon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lisbon
trans_list: Olisīpō | Lisbonum
sense:
A port city on the Iberian Peninsula, at the mouth of the Tagus River on the Atlantic Ocean; capital city of Portugal.


lexentry: eng/Little_Red_Riding_Hood__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Little Red Riding Hood
trans_list: Lacernella Rubra
sense:
A fairy tale about a young girl who walks through the forest to visit her grandmother and encounters the Big Bad Wolf (or another vicious wolf, or werewolf in archaic versions).


lexentry: eng/Liturgy_of_the_Hours__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Liturgy of the Hours
trans_list: liturgia horarum
sense:
(Catholicism) A liturgy for daily use at each of the canonical hours obligatory to all Catholic bishops, priests, and transitional deacons and composed of psalms, hymns, and readings but lacking the eucharist.


lexentry: eng/Liverpool__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Liverpool
trans_list: Liverpolium
sense:
A city and metropolitan borough of Merseyside, England; an important seaport in the United Kingdom, and once one of the biggest in the world.


lexentry: eng/Livonia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Livonia
trans_list: Livonia
sense:
(historic) A historical region in the Baltic, south of the Gulf of Finland, now divided and constituting southern Estonia and northern Latvia.


lexentry: eng/Loch_Ness_monster__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Loch Ness monster
trans_list: Monstrum lacus Nesae
sense:
(cryptozoology) A large creature believed by some to inhabit Loch Ness in Scotland. It is said to have a long neck and one or more humps that protrude from the water.


lexentry: eng/Loir__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Loir
trans_list: Ledo | Ledum | Lidericus | Loedus
sense:
A left tributary of the Sarthe in Centre-Val de Loire and Pays de la Loire, France, indirectly a tributary of the Loire.


lexentry: eng/Loki__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Loki
trans_list: Lokius
sense:
(Norse mythology) The god of mischief and trickery; growing progressively evil, he kills Balder, and is bound until Ragnarok, the end of the world.


lexentry: eng/Lombardy__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lombardy
trans_list: Langobardia | Longobardia
sense:
An administrative region in northern Italy, where its capital and the largest city Milan is founded in the Po Valley.


lexentry: eng/London__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: London
trans_list: Londīnensis
sense:
The capital city of the United Kingdom; capital city of England. Situated on the tidal River Thames in southeast England, with a metropolitan population of more than 13,000,000.


lexentry: eng/London__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: London
trans_list: Londinium | Londonum | Lundonium
sense:
A former administrative county in England, created in 1889 from parts of Kent, Middlesex and Surrey, and merged into Greater London in 1965.


lexentry: eng/Lord's_Prayer__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lord's Prayer
trans_list: Pater noster
sense:
The prayer which, according to the New Testament of the Bible, Jesus Christ taught his disciples in the Sermon on the Mount.


lexentry: eng/Lorraine__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lorraine
trans_list: Lotharingia
sense:
A former administrative region and former duchy in eastern France; since 2016 part of the region of Grand Est.


lexentry: eng/Los_Angeles__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Los Angeles
trans_list: Angelopolis | Angeli
sense:
A city and port, the county seat of Los Angeles County, the largest city in California, and the 2nd largest in the United States, famed for being the center of the American film industry.


lexentry: eng/Louisiana__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Louisiana
trans_list: Lūdovīcia | Lūdovīciāna
sense:
A state in the Deep South and South Central regions of the United States. Capital: Baton Rouge. Largest city: New Orleans.


lexentry: eng/Lourdes__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lourdes
trans_list: Lapurdum
sense:
A town in the Hautes-Pyrénées department, Occitanie in the French Pyrenees, and site of a large Catholic pilgrimage.


lexentry: eng/Low_German__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Low German
trans_list: lingua saxonica
sense:
(linguistics) Any of a number of West Germanic languages, primarily spoken in northern Germany, the Netherlands and Belgium, that did not undergo the High German consonant shift; the group thereof.


lexentry: eng/Low_Saxon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Low Saxon
trans_list: lingua saxonica
sense:
A group of related dialects of Low German, spoken in northern Germany and parts of the Netherlands, formerly also in Denmark.


lexentry: eng/Lower_Egypt__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lower Egypt
trans_list: Aegyptus inferior
sense:
(Egyptology) The half of Ancient Egypt north of Memphis, the Nile Delta, so named because the Nile flows South to North.


lexentry: eng/Lucifer__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Lucifer
trans_list: Lucifer
sense:
(biblical) The King of Babylon who was compared to the planet Venus in first the Wycliffe version then the King James Version of Isaiah 14:12; it is unclear whether this verse refers to a specific king or to a representation of the entire line of kings of Babylon.


lexentry: eng/Lucina__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lucina
trans_list: Lūcīna
sense:
An epithet of the Roman goddess Juno or (less often) Diana in the role of goddess of childbirth, midwives, and newborns.


lexentry: eng/Lucy__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Lucy
trans_list: Lucia
sense:
A surname from Old French derived from place names in Normandy based on a male personal name, from Latin Lucius.


lexentry: eng/Luke__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Luke
trans_list: Lūcās | Lucas
sense:
Luke the Evangelist, an early Christian credited with the authorship of the Gospel of Luke and the Acts of the Apostles.


lexentry: eng/Luke__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Luke
trans_list: Lucas
sense:
(biblical) The Gospel of St. Luke, a book of the New Testament of the Bible. Traditionally the third of the four gospels.


lexentry: eng/Lupus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lupus
trans_list: Lupus | Bestia
sense:
(constellation) A summer constellation of the southern sky, said to resemble a wolf. It lies south of the constellation Libra.


lexentry: eng/Luxembourg__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Luxembourg
trans_list: Luxemburgum
sense:
A small country in Western Europe. Official name: Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. Capital and largest city: Luxembourg.


lexentry: eng/Luxembourgish__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Luxembourgish
trans_list: lingua Luxemburgensis
sense:
A Germanic language spoken in Luxembourg and, traditionally, around the city of Arlon (Belgium); originally included in the Moselle Franconian group of High German dialects, but now usually regarded as a separate language due to its standardisation and official use in the state of Luxembourg.


lexentry: eng/Lycia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lycia
trans_list: Lycia
sense:
(historical) An ancient region and Roman province in the southwest of Asia Minor, between Caria and Pamphylia.


lexentry: eng/Lydian_mode__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lydian mode
trans_list: Lydius
sense:
(music) a mode whose scale is the same as a major key with the fourth scale degree raised by one half step, with the interval pattern:


lexentry: eng/Lyme_disease__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lyme disease
trans_list: borreliosis
sense:
(disease) Infection by one of three or more subspecies of the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi, which is transmitted by four species of tick in genus Ixodes. Symptoms include a rash followed by fever, joint pain, and headaches.


lexentry: eng/Lynx__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lynx
trans_list: Lynx
sense:
(constellation) A faint spring constellation of the northern sky. It lies north of the constellation Cancer.


lexentry: eng/Lyra__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lyra
trans_list: Lyra | Chelys | Fides | Fidicula | Fidis
sense:
(constellation) A summer constellation of the northern sky, said to resemble a lyre. It includes the bright star Vega and the Ring Nebula.


lexentry: eng/Lübeck__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lübeck
trans_list: Lubecca | Lubeca
sense:
A city in Schleswig-Holstein, north-central Germany, northeast of Hamburg; a major Baltic port and industrial center, the present city dates from 1143 and was the leading town of the Hanseatic League after its designation as a free city in 1226; it retained that status until 1937.


lexentry: eng/Macau__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Macau
trans_list: Macaum
sense:
A special administrative region of the People's Republic of China, west of Hong Kong, previously under Portuguese control.


lexentry: eng/Maccabee__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Maccabee
trans_list: Maccabaeus
sense:
(biblical) A member of the Maccabees (a liberation movement in Israel who established Jewish independence in the Land of Israel in the second and first centuries BC).


lexentry: eng/Maccabees__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Maccabees
trans_list: Machabaeorum
sense:
(biblical) One of two books of the Catholic and Eastern Orthodox canon of the Old Testament, considered apocryphal by Protestants.


lexentry: eng/Macedonia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Macedonia
trans_list: Macedonia
sense:
An ancient Greek kingdom, located to the north of Thessaly, comprising the Greek city of Thessaloniki and its surroundings.


lexentry: eng/Macedonia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: Macedonia
trans_list: Macedonia
sense:
A geographical region which includes the Republic of North Macedonia, the Greek region of Macedonia, the Pirin region of Bulgaria, and small parts of Albania and Serbia.


lexentry: eng/Madagascar__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Madagascar
trans_list: Madagascaria
sense:
An island and country off the east coast of Africa. Official name: Republic of Madagascar. Capital: Antananarivo.


lexentry: eng/Mafia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mafia
trans_list: mafia
sense:
Any other specific organized crime syndicate operating internationally in high-level organized crime; often with a modifying adjective, such as a nationality.


lexentry: eng/Mafia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mafia
trans_list: mafia
sense:
The international criminal organization of Sicilian origin operating in Italy and the United States.


lexentry: eng/Magi__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Magi
trans_list: Magi | magi
sense:
(Christianity) Chiefly preceded by the (three): the wise men who visited and gave gifts to the baby Jesus at the Epiphany (traditionally considered to be three in number and sometimes named Balthazar, Caspar, and Melchior, but the Bible does not state how many there were or their names).


lexentry: eng/Magna_Carta__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Magna Carta
trans_list: Magna charta libertatum
sense:
(historical) A charter granted by King John to the barons at Runnymede in 1215, which is one of the bases of English constitutional tradition; a physical copy of this charter, or a later version.


lexentry: eng/Magna_Graecia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Magna Graecia
trans_list: Magna Graecia
sense:
(historical) The ancient coastal regions of Sicily and southern Italy once colonized by Greek settlers.


lexentry: eng/Maine__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Maine
trans_list: Cenomannica
sense:
A state of the United States; probably named for the province in France. Capital: Augusta. Largest city: Portland.


lexentry: eng/Malay__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Malay
trans_list: Malaeorum | Malaicum
sense:
(broad sense) The Malay language, an Austronesian language spoken by most Malay people and by others where it is an official language, including under the name Indonesian.


lexentry: eng/Maldives__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Maldives
trans_list: Divi
sense:
An archipelago and country in South Asia, located in the Indian Ocean off the coast of India. Official name: Republic of Maldives. Capital: Malé.


lexentry: eng/Manchester__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: Manchester
trans_list: Mancunium
sense:
The largest city in New Hampshire, United States and one of the two county seats of Hillsborough County.


lexentry: eng/Mandarin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mandarin
trans_list: lingua Sinensis Mandarinica
sense:
Standard Mandarin, an official language of China and Taiwan, and one of four official languages in Singapore; Putonghua, Guoyu or Huayu.


lexentry: eng/Manichaeism__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Manichaeism
trans_list: Manichaeismus | Manichæismus
sense:
(religion) A syncretic, dualistic religion that combines elements of Zoroastrian, Christian, and Gnostic thought, founded by the Iranian prophet Mani in 3rd century AD.


lexentry: eng/Mantineia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mantineia
trans_list: Mantinea
sense:
(historical) A city in ancient Arcadia, Greece that was the site of two significant battles in Classical Greek history.


lexentry: eng/Manx_cat__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Manx cat
trans_list: felis Manx
sense:
A domestic cat of a breed that is native to the Isle of Man, principally characterized by suppression of the tail, and with a short-haired coat and a medium-sized, rounded, cobby body.


lexentry: eng/Marathon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Marathon
trans_list: Marathōn
sense:
A town in Attica, Greece, the site of the victory in 490 BC of heavily outnumbered Athenians against Persians.


lexentry: eng/March__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: March
trans_list: mārtius | Martius
sense:
The third month of the Gregorian calendar, following February and preceding April. Abbreviation: Mar or Mar.


lexentry: eng/Mariolatry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mariolatry
trans_list: mariolatria
sense:
(Protestantism, derogatory) Adoration or veneration of the Virgin Mary to an extent regarded as inappropriate or even idolatrous. [from early 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/Mariupol__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mariupol
trans_list: Mariupolis
sense:
A city in Mariupol Raion, Donetsk Oblast, in eastern Ukraine, on the shore of the Sea of Azov, of the Black Sea.


lexentry: eng/Mark__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Mark
trans_list: Marcus
sense:
Mark the Evangelist, also called John Mark, the first patriarch of Alexandria, credited with the authorship of the Gospel of Mark.


lexentry: eng/Mark__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: Mark
trans_list: Marcus
sense:
(biblical) The Gospel of St. Mark, a book of the New Testament of the Bible. Traditionally the second of the four gospels.


lexentry: eng/Marseille__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Marseille
trans_list: Massilia
sense:
The capital city of the Bouches-du-Rhône department, France; capital city of the region of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur.


lexentry: eng/Marshall_Islands__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Marshall Islands
trans_list: Insulae Marsalienses
sense:
A country consisting of two archipelagos in Micronesia, in Oceania. Official name: Republic of the Marshall Islands. Capital and largest city: Majuro.


lexentry: eng/Martial__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Martial
trans_list: Martialis
sense:
A en given name, narrowly applied to certain historic persons (but some of its foreign cognates are modern given names).


lexentry: eng/Martinique__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Martinique
trans_list: Martinica
sense:
An island, overseas department, and administrative region of France, in the Caribbean. Official name: Department of Martinique.


lexentry: eng/Marxism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Marxism
trans_list: placita marxiana
sense:
The socialist and communist philosophy and political program founded by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels.


lexentry: eng/Marxism__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Marxism
trans_list: placita marxiana
sense:
The socialist and communist theory of the followers of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels; a radical, revolutionary political philosophy that aims to capture state power, introduce a dictatorship of the proletariat, and then progress to communism.


lexentry: eng/Mary__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: Mary
trans_list: Maria | Coredemptrix | advocatrix
sense:
(Islam) The 19th sura (chapter) of the Qur'an, recounting the events leading up to the birth of Jesus.


lexentry: eng/Maryland__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Maryland
trans_list: Terra Mariae | Marylandia
sense:
A state of the United States; named for Queen Mary, queen consort of England, Scotland and Ireland. Capital: Annapolis. Largest city: Baltimore.


lexentry: eng/Mascarene_Islands__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mascarene Islands
trans_list: Insulae Mascarenae
sense:
An archipelago in the Indian Ocean, consisting of Mauritius, Réunion, Rodrigues and the Cargados Carajos.


lexentry: eng/Mass__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mass
trans_list: missa
sense:
(Roman Catholic Church) The principal liturgical service of the Church, encompassing both a scripture service (Liturgy of the Word) and a eucharistic service (Liturgy of the Eucharist), which includes the consecration and oblation (offering) of the host and wine.


lexentry: eng/Mattathias__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mattathias
trans_list: Mattathiās
sense:
(Christianity, in Luke’s genealogy of Christ) The son of Amos and father of Joseph, six-times-great–grandfather of Jesus.


lexentry: eng/Mattathias__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mattathias
trans_list: Mattathiās
sense:
(Christianity, in Luke’s genealogy of Christ) The son of Semei and father of Mahath, twelve-times-great–grandfather of Jesus.


lexentry: eng/Matthew__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: Matthew
trans_list: Matthaeus
sense:
(biblical) The Gospel of St. Matthew, the first book of the New Testament of the Bible. Traditionally the first of the four gospels, a book attributed to Matthew the Evangelist.


lexentry: eng/Mauretania_Caesariensis__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mauretania Caesariensis
trans_list: Maurītānia Caesariēnsis
sense:
(history) A province of the Roman Empire, established in AD 42, occupying territory in northwestern Africa roughly corresponding to present-day northern Algeria, with its capital at Caesarēa.


lexentry: eng/Mauretania__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mauretania
trans_list: Maurētānia | Maurītānia
sense:
An ancient Berber kingdom on the Mediterranean coast of north Africa which was annexed by the Romans.


lexentry: eng/Mayotte__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mayotte
trans_list: Maiota
sense:
An archipelago, overseas department, and administrative region of France, formerly an overseas territorial collectivity, located between Africa's mainland and Madagascar


lexentry: eng/Mazaca__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mazaca
trans_list: Mazaca
sense:
(historical) The ancient capital of the Kingdom of Cappadocia in Asia Minor, in modern Turkey; modern Kayseri.


lexentry: eng/Mecca__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mecca
trans_list: Mecca
sense:
A large city, the provincial capital of Mecca Province in the in the Hejaz region, Saudi Arabia, the holiest place in Islam, location of the sacred Ka'ba, and to which Muslims are required to make a hajj at least once in their lifetime, if possible.


lexentry: eng/Medieval_Latin__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Medieval Latin
trans_list: Latinitas medii aevi
sense:
The Latin language as used during the Middle Ages, before it was developed by the Italian humanists into Renaissance Latin.


lexentry: eng/Melusine__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Melusine
trans_list: Melusina
sense:
(mythology) A figure of European folklore and mythology (mostly Celtic), a female spirit of fresh water in a sacred spring or river, usually depicted as a serpent or fish from the waist down, and sometimes with wings.


lexentry: eng/Memnon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Memnon
trans_list: Memnon
sense:
(Greek mythology) An Ethiopian king and son of Tithonus and Eos. Considered a great warrior, he fought on the side of Troy and was killed by Achilles.


lexentry: eng/Menelaus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Menelaus
trans_list: Menelāus
sense:
(Greek mythology) the king of Mycenaean Sparta, the husband of Helen of Troy, the brother of Agamemnon, the leader of the Spartan contingent of the Greek army during the Trojan War


lexentry: eng/Menes__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Menes
trans_list: Mēnēs
sense:
A male given name of historical usage, notably borne by Menes, uniter of Upper and Lower Egypt and founder of the First Dynasty of Egypt.


lexentry: eng/Mensa__Proper_noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mensa
trans_list: Mensa
sense:
(constellation) A summer constellation of the southern sky, originally named after Table Mountain in South Africa. It lies between the constellations of Hydrus and Volans.


lexentry: eng/Mercury__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mercury
trans_list: Mercurius
sense:
(astronomy) The planet in the solar system with the closest orbit to the Sun, named after the god; represented by ☿.


lexentry: eng/Mercury__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Mercury
trans_list: Mercurius
sense:
(Roman god) The Roman god associated with speed, sometimes used as a messenger, wearing winged sandals; the Roman counterpart of the Greek god Hermes.


lexentry: eng/Meshach__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Meshach
trans_list: Misaēl
sense:
(biblical character) Mishael, one of the captives in the biblical Book of Daniel who came out of the fiery furnace unharmed.


lexentry: eng/Mesopotamia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mesopotamia
trans_list: Mesopotamia
sense:
A region in Southwest Asia spanning from the rivers Euphrates and Tigris that is the site of one of the most ancient civilizations in the history of man.


lexentry: eng/Mesozoic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mesozoic
trans_list: mēsozōicus
sense:
(geology) Of a geologic era within the Phanerozoic eon that comprises the Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous periods from about 230 to 65 million years ago, when life on earth was dominated by reptiles.


lexentry: eng/Messenia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Messenia
trans_list: Messenia
sense:
A regional unit in the south-western Peloponnese, Greece, which has its modern capital at Kalamata. The original capital was at Messene.


lexentry: eng/Messidor__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Messidor
trans_list: messidorus
sense:
(historical) The tenth month of the French Republican Calendar, from June 19 or 20 to July 18 or 19.


lexentry: eng/Metis__Proper_noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Metis
trans_list: Metis
sense:
(Greek god) A Titan who was the personification of wisdom, the first spouse of Zeus, and the mother of Athena


lexentry: eng/Meuse__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Meuse
trans_list: Mosa
sense:
A river in Europe that flows about 901 km (560 mi) from France through Belgium and the Netherlands to the North Sea.


lexentry: eng/Mexican_wave__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mexican wave
trans_list: unda
sense:
(UK, Ireland, Australia, NZ) A phenomenon that primarily occurs at sports events, where the members of the crowd stand up and/or raise their hands in turn, creating the illusion of a wave passing through the crowd.


lexentry: eng/Micah__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Micah
trans_list: Michaeas | Michās
sense:
An Ephraimite featured in Judges 17–18 and protagonist of the Micah’s idol narrative. Also called Michas.


lexentry: eng/Michael__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Michael
trans_list: Michaēl
sense:
(Judaism, Christianity, Islam) An archangel associated with defending the faithful in the tribulation.


lexentry: eng/Michaelmas_daisy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Michaelmas daisy
trans_list: amellus
sense:
(botany) Any of several species and hybrids of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae, particularly in the genera Aster or Symphyotrichum; a flower of any such plant. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/Michelangelo__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Michelangelo
trans_list: Michaēl Angelus
sense:
A 15th- and 16th-century Italian artist, full name Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni (1475–1564).


lexentry: eng/Mickey_Mouse__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mickey Mouse
trans_list: Michael Mus | Michael Musculus
sense:
The most famous Disney cartoon character, an anthropomorphic mouse with a falsetto voice and a cheerful disposition.


lexentry: eng/Microscopium__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Microscopium
trans_list: Microscopium
sense:
(constellation) A faint constellation of the southern spring sky, said to resemble a microscope. It lies south of the constellation of Capricornus.


lexentry: eng/Middle_Ages__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Middle Ages
trans_list: Medium Aevum | Aera Mediaevālis | Media Aetās | Medium Tempus
sense:
(history) The period of primarily European history between the decline of the Western Roman Empire (antiquity) and the early modern period or the Renaissance; the time between c. 500 and 1500 CE.


lexentry: eng/Middle_East__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Middle East
trans_list: Oriens Medius
sense:
(geopolitics) The region comprising West Asia without the South Caucasus and additionally including all of Egypt (not just the Sinai) and all of Turkey (not just Asian Turkey).


lexentry: eng/Middle_Frisian__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Middle Frisian
trans_list: Frisius medius
sense:
Language descended from Old Frisian spoken on the North Sea coast of modern Netherlands and Germany from the 16th century until c. 1820.


lexentry: eng/Milky_Way__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Milky Way
trans_list: Via Lactea | via lactea
sense:
(astronomy) A broad band of diffuse white light, visible in the night sky; our view of the dense portions of the Milky Way Galaxy from inside the galaxy. [from late 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/Minecraft__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Minecraft
trans_list: Minecraft
sense:
(video games) A sandbox video game (released on 2011) in which players explore a three-dimensional world made of blocks and can craft items and build structures.


lexentry: eng/Minerva__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Minerva
trans_list: Minerva
sense:
(Roman god) The goddess of wisdom, especially strategic warfare, and the arts, especially crafts and in particular weaving. She is the Roman counterpart of Athena.


lexentry: eng/Mirandese__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mirandese
trans_list: lingua Mirandica
sense:
An endangered Romance language spoken in the northeastern corner of Portugal, principally in the municipalities of Miranda do Douro and Vimioso.


lexentry: eng/Miss__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Miss
trans_list: dominula
sense:
Form of address, now used chiefly for an unmarried woman; used chiefly of girls before the mid-1700s, and thereafter used also of adult women without regard to marital status.


lexentry: eng/Missouri__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Missouri
trans_list: Missuria
sense:
A state in the Midwestern region of the United States. Capital: Jefferson City. Largest city: Kansas City.


lexentry: eng/Missouri__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Missouri
trans_list: Missuria
sense:
The longest river in North America, rising in the Rocky Mountains of western Montana and flowing roughly southeast over 2,300 miles through North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska, Iowa, Kansas and Missouri, before joining the Mississippi at St. Louis.


lexentry: eng/Mnemosyne__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mnemosyne
trans_list: Mnemosyne
sense:
(Greek god) A Titaness and the personification of thought, intellect and memory. She is the daughter of Gaia and Uranus, and the mother of the Muses by Zeus.


lexentry: eng/Modern_Greek__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Modern Greek
trans_list: lingua graeca nova | lingua graeca vulgaris | lingua neograeca
sense:
The Greek language as spoken by the Greek people since the fall of Constantinople in 1453. It was written using polytonic script until 1982, when this was officially dropped in favour of monotonic.


lexentry: eng/Moebius_syndrome__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Moebius syndrome
trans_list: paralysis congenitalis oculofacialis | syndroma Moebianum | syndroma Moebii
sense:
(neurology) A rare congenital disorder characterized by facial paralysis and an inability to move one's eyes from side to side.


lexentry: eng/Moesia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Moesia
trans_list: Moesia
sense:
(historical) An ancient region and later former Roman province situated in the Balkans, along the south bank of the Danube River, mainly in what is now Bulgaria and Serbia.


lexentry: eng/Moldova__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Moldova
trans_list: Moldavia
sense:
A country in Eastern Europe. Official name: Republic of Moldova. Capital and largest city: Chișinău.


lexentry: eng/Moldova__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Moldova
trans_list: Moldavia
sense:
A region in eastern Romania adjacent to the country of Moldova, once part of the principality of Moldova.


lexentry: eng/Moldovan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Moldovan
trans_list: lingua Moldavica
sense:
The dialect of Romanian spoken in the Republic of Moldova, which may be written in either the Cyrillic or the Roman alphabet.


lexentry: eng/Monday__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Monday
trans_list: diēs Lūnae | fēria secunda | dies Lunae
sense:
The second day of the week in many religious traditions, and the first day of the week in systems using the ISO 8601 norm. It follows Sunday and precedes Tuesday.


lexentry: eng/Monoceros__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Monoceros
trans_list: Monoceros
sense:
(constellation) A winter constellation of the northern sky, said to resemble a unicorn. It lies amid the Milky Way, just east of the constellation Orion.


lexentry: eng/Montenegro__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Montenegro
trans_list: Mōns Niger | Mons Niger
sense:
A country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe. Capital and largest city: Podgorica. Part of Yugoslavia until 2003, then part of Serbia and Montenegro until 2006.


lexentry: eng/Montpellier__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Montpellier
trans_list: Mons Pessulus
sense:
A city, the capital of the Hérault department, Occitanie, France, formerly the capital of Languedoc-Roussillon.


lexentry: eng/Moon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Moon
trans_list: luna | Luna
sense:
The Earth's moon; the sole natural satellite of the Earth, represented in astronomy and astrology by ☾.


lexentry: eng/Moor__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Moor
trans_list: infidelis
sense:
(historical) A member of an Islamic people of Arab or Berber origin ruling Spain and parts of North Africa from the 8th to the 15th centuries.


lexentry: eng/Mopsuestia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mopsuestia
trans_list: Mopsuestia | Mopsuhestia
sense:
an ancient city in Cilicia on the Pyramus River (now Ceyhan River) located east of ancient Antiochia in Cilicia (present-day Adana, southern Turkey)


lexentry: eng/Mordecai__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mordecai
trans_list: Mardochaeus | Mardocheus
sense:
(Biblical character) One of the main personalities in the Book of Esther. He adopted and raised his cousin Esther and foiled a plot to assassinate the king.


lexentry: eng/Morea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Morea
trans_list: Morea
sense:
(archaic) Synonym of Peloponnese, a peninsula in Greece, particularly (historical) under Turkish rule.


lexentry: eng/Morpheus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Morpheus
trans_list: Morpheus
sense:
(Greek god) The god and personification of dreams; according to the Roman poet Ovid, one of the sons of Somnus, the god of sleep.


lexentry: eng/Moses__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Moses
trans_list: Mōsēs | Mōȳsēs | Moyses
sense:
(biblical character) The pharaonic patriarch who led the enslaved Hebrews out of Egypt, the brother of Aaron and Miriam described in the Book of Exodus and the Quran.


lexentry: eng/Mother_of_God__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mother of God
trans_list: Mater Dei
sense:
(Christianity) A dogmatic title of Mary, mother of Jesus, in particular reference to her role as mother of God.


lexentry: eng/Mount_Athos__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mount Athos
trans_list: Athōs
sense:
A mountain and peninsula in northeastern Greece which is an important centre of Greek Orthodox monasticism.


lexentry: eng/Mount_Everest__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mount Everest
trans_list: mons Everestis
sense:
A mountain in the Himalayas, on the border of Solukhumbu district, Koshi, Nepal and Tingri County, Shigatse, Tibet Autonomous Region, China; the world's highest mountain above sea level. [from 1856]


lexentry: eng/Mount_Megiddo__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mount Megiddo
trans_list: Mageddo
sense:
A hill in modern Israel near the kibbutz of Megiddo, known for its historical, geographical, and theological importance.


lexentry: eng/Mount_of_Olives__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mount of Olives
trans_list: Mōns Olīvētī
sense:
A mountain ridge east of and adjacent to the Old City of Jerusalem, a holy place for both Judaism and Christianity.


lexentry: eng/Mozambique__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mozambique
trans_list: Mozambicum
sense:
A country in East Africa and Southern Africa. Official name: Republic of Mozambique (since 1990). Capital: Maputo.


lexentry: eng/Mozarabic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mozarabic
trans_list: Mozarabica
sense:
A continuum of closely related Romance dialects spoken in Muslim-dominated areas of the Iberian Peninsula during the early stages of Romance language development in Iberia.


lexentry: eng/Mr.__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mr.
trans_list: dominus
sense:
(US, Canada) Abbreviation of mister. A title used before the surname in theory, though not generally in practice, above some undefined social level, too old to be addressed as “Master”, not a knight or of some higher rank, and, in Britain though not in the United States, not entitled to be addressed as “Dr.”.


lexentry: eng/Mrs__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mrs
trans_list: domina
sense:
Abbreviation of Missus or Mistress (used before an adult woman's name or surname, used for any high-status woman without regard to marital status until the 1800s, after which it began to be reserved for married, divorced and widowed women and used with their married surnames)


lexentry: eng/Ms__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ms
trans_list: coniunx
sense:
Title used before an adult woman's name or surname, especially when it is not desired or possible to indicate her marital status with Miss or Mrs.


lexentry: eng/Muhammad__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Muhammad
trans_list: Machometus | Mahometus
sense:
(Islam, uncountable) The figure who introduced Islam, and the man to whom the Qur'an was revealed; considered a prophet by Muslims and Baháʼís.


lexentry: eng/Mureș__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mureș
trans_list: Marisus
sense:
A river which runs through Romania, starting in the eastern Carpathians and joining the Tisza in Hungary, being about 761 km (473 mi) long.


lexentry: eng/Musca__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Musca
trans_list: Musca
sense:
(constellation) An autumn constellation of the southern sky, said to resemble a fly, between the constellations of Carina and Apus.


lexentry: eng/Muscovy__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Muscovy
trans_list: Magnus Ducatus Moscuensis | Moscovia
sense:
The Russian territory around and ruled from Moscow by grand princes until it became the nucleus of a united Russia, which its dynasty ruled first as czars (kings) from Moscow, later as emperors from Saint Petersburg


lexentry: eng/Myanmar__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Myanmar
trans_list: Birmania
sense:
A country in Southeast Asia. Official name: Republic of the Union of Myanmar. Capital: Naypyidaw. Also known as Burma (which was formerly the official name).


lexentry: eng/Mycenae__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mycenae
trans_list: Mycenae | Mycena
sense:
An ancient Greek city in the NE Peloponnesus on the plain of Argos, inhabited since about 4000 B.C.E.


lexentry: eng/Mycenaean_Greek__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mycenaean Greek
trans_list: Mycenaeus
sense:
The most ancient attested form of the Greek language, spoken on the Greek mainland and on Crete in the 16th to 11th centuries BC, written in Linear B script.


lexentry: eng/Möbius_strip__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Möbius strip
trans_list: moebii taenia
sense:
(topology) A one-sided surface formed by identifying two opposite edges of a square in opposite senses;a narrow strip given a half twist and joined at the ends, forming a three-dimensional embedding of said surface.


lexentry: eng/Nagasaki__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nagasaki
trans_list: Nagasacium | Nagasaki
sense:
A port city, the capital and largest city of Nagasaki Prefecture, in southwestern Kyushu, Japan, famous as the country's early modern entrepot and for its nuclear bombing on 9 August 1945 at the end of World War II.


lexentry: eng/Nanjing__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nanjing
trans_list: Nanchinum
sense:
A major city, the provincial capital of Jiangsu, China, on the lower Yangtze; a former capital of China.


lexentry: eng/Nantes__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nantes
trans_list: Naundes
sense:
The capital city of the department of the Loire-Atlantique, France; capital city of the region of Pays de la Loire, in historical Brittany.


lexentry: eng/Narbonne__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Narbonne
trans_list: Narbo
sense:
A town and commune in Aude department, Occitanie, southern France, formerly in the Languedoc-Roussillon region.


lexentry: eng/Narcissus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Narcissus
trans_list: Narcissus
sense:
(Greek mythology) A youth who spurned the love of Echo and fell in love with his own reflection in a pool: in some versions of the myth, he drowned trying to reach it, while in others he sat fixated until a god took pity and transformed him into a flower.


lexentry: eng/Natal__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Natal
trans_list: Natalis
sense:
A former British colony and province of South Africa, itself beforehand the Natalia Republic. It is now called KwaZulu-Natal province.


lexentry: eng/Nazarite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nazarite
trans_list: Nazaraeus
sense:
A Jew bound by a vow to leave the hair uncut, to abstain from alcohol, and to practice extraordinary purity of life and devotion.


lexentry: eng/Nazianzus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nazianzus
trans_list: Nazianzum
sense:
(historical) A town in the ancient region of Cappadocia, near the modern village of Bekarlar in Gülağaç District, Aksaray Province, Turkey.


lexentry: eng/Nazism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nazism
trans_list: nazismus
sense:
The ideology of the Nazi Party (the National Socialist German Workers' Party or NSDAP), being a form of fascism characterised by Adolf Hitler's cult of personality, hate propaganda, white supremacy, extreme bigotry (especially antisemitism and racism), eugenics, mass violence, genocide, ethnonationalist territorial expansion (Lebensraum) and state capitalism.


lexentry: eng/Near_East__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Near East
trans_list: Oriens Proximus
sense:
The region located south of Eastern Europe, comprising Anatolia, Transcaucasia, the Levant, and Mesopotamia.


lexentry: eng/Nebuchadnezzar__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nebuchadnezzar
trans_list: Nabuchodonosor
sense:
A ruler of Babylon in the Chaldean Dynasty who reigned c. 605 B.C.E. – 562 B.C.E.. According to the Bible, he conquered Judah and Jerusalem, and sent the Israelites into exile.


lexentry: eng/Negroland__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Negroland
trans_list: Nigritia
sense:
(historical, possibly, _, offensive) A vaguely defined region of Africa inland from the Guinea Coast.


lexentry: eng/Nemean_Lion__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nemean Lion
trans_list: Leo Nemeaeus | Leonis Nemeensis
sense:
(Greek mythology) A mythical lion of ancient Nemea that was invulnerable to attack by weapons and was slain by Hercules as one of his labours.


lexentry: eng/Neoplatonism__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Neoplatonism
trans_list: neoplatonismus
sense:
A school of philosophy based on the teachings of Plato and, subsequently, Plotinus; it was the foundation for paganism.


lexentry: eng/Nepal__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nepal
trans_list: Nepalia
sense:
A country in South Asia, located between China and India. Official name: Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal. Capital and largest city: Kathmandu.


lexentry: eng/Nephthys__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nephthys
trans_list: Nephthys
sense:
(Egyptian god) An ancient Egyptian goddess, the wife of Set and sister of Isis, Osiris, and Set, worshiped as a protective goddess and nurse of the pharaoh and associated with funerary rites and the transition from life to death.


lexentry: eng/Neptune__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Neptune
trans_list: Neptunus
sense:
(Roman mythology) The god of the ocean and of earthquakes, equivalent to Poseidon in Greek mythology.


lexentry: eng/Nestorianism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nestorianism
trans_list: Nestoriānismus
sense:
(Christianity) The Christological doctrine ascribed to Nestorius, condemned as heretical by the Council of Ephesus but later also ascribed to the Church of the East, holding that within Christ there are two distinct hypostases, divine and human.


lexentry: eng/Netherlands_Antilles__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Netherlands Antilles
trans_list: Antillae Nederlandenses
sense:
(historical) A former autonomous country in the Caribbean, within the Kingdom of the Netherlands, composed of the islands of Aruba, Curaçao, Bonaire, Sint Eustatius, Saba and Sint Maarten, dissolved in 2010.


lexentry: eng/Netherlands__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Netherlands
trans_list: Nederlandia | Batā̆via
sense:
A country in Western Europe, consisting of four constituent countries: the Netherlands per se, Aruba, Curaçao and Sint Maarten.


lexentry: eng/New_Caledonia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: New Caledonia
trans_list: Nova Caledonia
sense:
An archipelago and overseas territory of France in Oceania. Official name: Territory of New Caledonia and Dependencies.


lexentry: eng/New_England__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: New England
trans_list: Nova Anglia
sense:
Collectively, six states of the United States, namely Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island and Vermont.


lexentry: eng/New_Guinea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: New Guinea
trans_list: Nova Guinea
sense:
A large Oceanian island in the Pacific Ocean, north of Australia, whose territory is divided between Indonesia in the west and Papua New Guinea in the east.


lexentry: eng/New_Latin__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: New Latin
trans_list: nova Latinitas
sense:
The reformed Latin language as written or spoken as a lingua franca from 14th century Renaissance Latin to Contemporary Latin in the late 19th century.


lexentry: eng/New_Netherland__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: New Netherland
trans_list: Nova Belgica
sense:
(historical) A former colony of the Netherlands: A Dutch colonial province along the east coast of North America, capital New Amsterdam


lexentry: eng/New_Orleans__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: New Orleans
trans_list: Nova Aurelia | Novum Aurelianum | Novum Aurelium
sense:
The largest city in Louisiana, United States and the parish seat of Orleans Parish, which is coterminous with the city. It is an industrial and distribution center and major seaport located along the Mississippi near the Gulf of Mexico, known for its rich cultural heritage, especially its music and cuisine.


lexentry: eng/New_South_Wales__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: New South Wales
trans_list: Nova Cambria Australis
sense:
One of the six states of Australia. Capital: Sydney. Situated in the south-eastern part of the continent.


lexentry: eng/New_Testament__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: New Testament
trans_list: Novum Testāmentum | Novum Testamentum
sense:
The second half of the Christian Bible, which includes the four Gospels, the Book of Acts, the Epistles, and the Book of Revelation.


lexentry: eng/New_World_Order__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: New World Order
trans_list: novus ordo seculorum
sense:
A vision for the world in which greater peace and stability is achieved through a new political order.


lexentry: eng/New_Year's_Eve__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: New Year's Eve
trans_list: Sylvester
sense:
The holiday occurring on the last day of the year, celebrated on December 31st in cultures following the Gregorian calendar


lexentry: eng/New_Year__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: New Year
trans_list: annus faustus | annus novus
sense:
In particular, January 1 in the Julian and Gregorian calendar (New Year’s Day) and the days following.


lexentry: eng/New_York_City__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: New York City
trans_list: Novum Eboracum | Neo-Eboracum | Nova Eboraca
sense:
The largest city in the United States, situated in the state of New York at the mouth of the Hudson River on the northeastern Atlantic Coast. It consists of five boroughs: Manhattan, the Bronx, Brooklyn, Queens, and Staten Island.


lexentry: eng/New_York__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: New York
trans_list: Novum Eboracum | Neo-Eboracum | Nova Eboraca
sense:
The largest city in the state of New York and the largest city in the United States, a metropolis extending into neighboring New Jersey.


lexentry: eng/New_Zealand__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: New Zealand
trans_list: Nova Zelandia | Nova Seelandia
sense:
A country and archipelago in Oceania, to the east of Australia. Official name: New Zealand. Capital: Wellington.


lexentry: eng/Newfoundland__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Newfoundland
trans_list: Terra Nova
sense:
A large island off the coast of eastern Canada, which, along with Labrador, has composed the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador since 1949, and the Dominion of Newfoundland, before it.


lexentry: eng/Nice__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nice
trans_list: Nīcaea | Nicaea
sense:
A coastal city, the capital of the Alpes-Maritimes department, in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in southeast France.


lexentry: eng/Nicene_Creed__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nicene Creed
trans_list: Symbolum Nicaenum
sense:
The first official creed of the early Christian church, stating the basic tenets of the Christian faith, including the nature of the Holy Trinity.


lexentry: eng/Nicopolis__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nicopolis
trans_list: Nīcopolis
sense:
(historical) Former name of Preveza, a city in northwestern Greece that served as the provincial capital of Epirus Vetus in the Roman Empire.


lexentry: eng/Nigeria__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nigeria
trans_list: Nigēria | Nigeria
sense:
A country in West Africa, south of the country of Niger. Official name: Federal Republic of Nigeria. Capital: Abuja. Largest city: Lagos.


lexentry: eng/Nile__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nile
trans_list: Nīlus | Nilus
sense:
A large river in Africa flowing through Khartoum and Cairo into the Mediterranean Sea, usually considered to be the longest river in the world.


lexentry: eng/Nintendrone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nintendrone
trans_list: graviditās
sense:
(slang, derogatory, video games) A slavish supporter of Nintendo's video games or consoles; a Nintendo fanboy


lexentry: eng/Niue__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Niue
trans_list: Niue
sense:
An island and country in Polynesia in Oceania, a self-governing state in free association with New Zealand. Official name: Republic of Niue. Capital: Alofi.


lexentry: eng/Nivôse__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nivôse
trans_list: nivosus
sense:
(historical) The fourth month of the French Republican Calendar, from December 21, 22 or 23 to January 19, 20 or 21.


lexentry: eng/Nizhny_Novgorod__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Nizhny Novgorod
trans_list: Novogardia Inferior
sense:
A city, the administrative center of Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, Russia, the fourth-largest in the country by population.


lexentry: eng/Nobel_Prize__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nobel Prize
trans_list: praemium Nobelianum
sense:
Any of the international prizes awarded annually by the Nobel Foundation for outstanding achievements in the fields of physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, literature and for the promotion of world peace; or the prize in economics awarded by the Swedish National Bank, in memorial of Alfred Nobel.


lexentry: eng/Nord-Pas-de-Calais__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nord-Pas-de-Calais
trans_list: Septentrio et Fretum | Septentrio-Fretum
sense:
A former administrative region of France, made up of the two departments of Nord and Pas-de-Calais; since 2016, part of the administrative region of Hauts-de-France.


lexentry: eng/Norma__Proper_noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Norma
trans_list: Norma
sense:
(constellation) An inconspicuous constellation of the southern sky, said to resemble a carpenter's square. It lies south of the constellations Scorpius and Centaurus.


lexentry: eng/Normandy__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Normandy
trans_list: Normannia
sense:
An administrative region, historical province, and medieval kingdom in northwest France, on the English Channel. The modern region was created in 2016 with the merger of Upper Normandy and Lower Normandy.


lexentry: eng/North_America__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: North America
trans_list: Amerī̆ca Septentriōnālis | America Septentrionalis
sense:
The continent that is the northern part of the Americas; that part east of the Pacific Ocean, west of the Atlantic Ocean, north of South America and south of the Arctic Ocean.


lexentry: eng/North_Carolina__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: North Carolina
trans_list: Carolīna Septentriōnālis | Carolina Septentrionalis
sense:
A state of the United States situated on the east coast of the North American mainland north of South Carolina and south of Virginia. Capital: Raleigh.


lexentry: eng/North_Karelia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: North Karelia
trans_list: Carelia Septentrionalis
sense:
A county and region in northern Karelia, in southeast Finland. (Since 2022, the English term officially prescribed as the name for the Finnish administrative unit long known as a “region” was changed to be called a “county”, although reference to counties as regions is still common. See Counties of Finland.)


lexentry: eng/North_Korea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: North Korea
trans_list: Corēa Septentriōnālis | Corea Borealis
sense:
A country in East Asia, whose territory consists of the northern part of Korea. Official name: Democratic People's Republic of Korea. Capital: Pyongyang.


lexentry: eng/North_Macedonia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: North Macedonia
trans_list: Macedonia Septentriōnālis
sense:
A country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe. Official name: Republic of North Macedonia. Capital and largest city: Skopje. Part of Yugoslavia until 1992. The current name was adopted in 2019 to resolve a naming dispute with Greece.


lexentry: eng/North_Sea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: North Sea
trans_list: Mare Germanicum
sense:
A marginal sea of the Atlantic Ocean between Britain (in the west), Scandinavia (in the east) and Germany, Netherlands, Belgium and France (in the south).


lexentry: eng/North_Star__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: North Star
trans_list: stella polaris
sense:
(astronomy) The current northern pole star, the star nearest the northern celestial pole, which has been Polaris for the last 1500 years.


lexentry: eng/Northern_Europe__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Northern Europe
trans_list: Europa Septentrionalis
sense:
A sociopolitical region of Europe including such countries as Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania.


lexentry: eng/Northern_Mariana_Islands__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Northern Mariana Islands
trans_list: Insulae Marianae Septentrionales
sense:
An archipelago, commonwealth and dependent territory (technically, an unincorporated territory) of the United States in the Pacific Ocean. Official name: Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands.


lexentry: eng/Norway_spruce__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Norway spruce
trans_list: picea
sense:
A species of spruce native to Europe and naturalized in temperate northeastern North America, Picea abies.


lexentry: eng/Norwegian__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Norwegian
trans_list: lingua norvegica
sense:
(uncountable) The language of Norway, which has two official forms (written standards): Bokmål and Nynorsk.


lexentry: eng/Nouvelle-Aquitaine__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nouvelle-Aquitaine
trans_list: Nova Aquitania
sense:
An administrative region in southwestern France, established in 2016 by the merger of Aquitaine, Limousin, and Poitou-Charentes.


lexentry: eng/Novatian__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Novatian
trans_list: Novatius
sense:
A Roman priest, who became an antipope against St. Cornelius in 251 AD, and considered by the Catholic Church to be a schismatic heresiarch as founder of a Christian sect known as Novatianism


lexentry: eng/November__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: November
trans_list: november | November
sense:
The eleventh month of the Gregorian calendar, following October and preceding December. Abbreviation: Nov or Nov.


lexentry: eng/Numbers__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Numbers
trans_list: Numerī | Numeri
sense:
The Book of Numbers, the fourth of the Books of Moses in the Old Testament of the Bible, the fourth book in the Torah.


lexentry: eng/Nîmes__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nîmes
trans_list: Nemausus
sense:
A city in Occitanie, southern France, the capital of the department of Gard, formerly in the region of Languedoc-Roussillon.


lexentry: eng/Occitan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Occitan
trans_list: lingua Occitana
sense:
A Romance language spoken in Occitania, a region of Europe that includes Southern France, Auvergne, Limousin, and some parts of Catalonia and Italy.


lexentry: eng/Occitania__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Occitania
trans_list: Occitania
sense:
A region of Europe corresponding to Southern France, Auvergne, Limousin, and some parts of Catalonia and Italy, where the Occitan language was widely spoken and is still spoken.


lexentry: eng/Oceania__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Oceania
trans_list: Oceania
sense:
A geographical region or continent composed of many islands (Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia) plus Australasia. It is located between Asia, Antarctica and the Americas.


lexentry: eng/Oceanus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Oceanus
trans_list: Ōceanus
sense:
(Greek god) Personification of vast waters or the world ocean. He was the first-born of the Titans, son of Uranus and Gaia, the god that encircled the earth. With his sister-wife, Tethys, he fathered all rivers and the Oceanids.


lexentry: eng/Octans__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Octans
trans_list: Octans
sense:
(constellation) A small circumpolar constellation of the southern sky, said to resemble an octant. It lies closest to the southern celestial pole of any constellation.


lexentry: eng/October__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: October
trans_list: october | October
sense:
The tenth month of the Gregorian calendar, following September and preceding November. Abbreviation: Oct.


lexentry: eng/Odense__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Odense
trans_list: Odini | Othania | Othenae | Othima | Ottinium | Ottonia
sense:
The largest city in the Region of Southern Denmark (Region Syddanmark) and third-largest city in Denmark.


lexentry: eng/Oder__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Oder
trans_list: Viadrus | Odera
sense:
A river in central Europe, that flows from the Czech Republic through Poland and Germany to the Baltic Sea.


lexentry: eng/Odin__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Odin
trans_list: Mercurius | Vōdanus | Ōdinus | Othinus
sense:
(Norse mythology, and, paganism) A major Germanic god, often described as chief of the pantheon, in his Norse form a member of the Æsir, married to Frigg and associated with knowledge, poetry and war. Wednesday refers to him by way of interpretatio germanica.


lexentry: eng/Odysseus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Odysseus
trans_list: Odysseus | Ulixēs | Ulyssēs
sense:
(Greek mythology) The son of Laertes and Anticlea and father of Telemachus. A Greek leader during the Trojan War, he was responsible for the Trojan horse. He was also king of Ithaca, hero of the Iliad and protagonist of the Odyssey.


lexentry: eng/Oedipus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Oedipus
trans_list: Oedipus
sense:
(Greek mythology) A son of Laius and Jocasta, who unwittingly killed his father and married his mother.


lexentry: eng/Ohio__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Ohio
trans_list: Ohium
sense:
A river in the United States, flowing 981 miles from the confluence of the Allegheny and Monongahela at Pittsburgh into the Mississippi at Cairo, Illinois.


lexentry: eng/Old_English__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Old English
trans_list: lingua anglosaxonica
sense:
(linguistics, history) The ancestor language of Modern English, also called Anglo-Saxon, spoken in most of Britain from about 400 to 1100.


lexentry: eng/Old_Greek__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Old Greek
trans_list: vetus
sense:
A form of the Greek language intermediate between Ancient Greek and Modern Greek; spoken roughly between the 1st and 16th centuries.


lexentry: eng/Old_Italian__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Old Italian
trans_list: lingua italica antīqua
sense:
The continuum of languages derived from Vulgar Latin spoken in the Italian peninsula between circa 960 and the establishment of the Accademia della Crusca in 1582.


lexentry: eng/Old_Latin__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Old Latin
trans_list: prīsca Latīnitās
sense:
The Latin language in the period before the age of Classical Latin; particularly Latin before 75 BC.


lexentry: eng/Old_Maid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Old Maid
trans_list: foetor
sense:
(uncountable) A children's card game, sometimes played with a special deck, where the object of the game is for each player to find matches for all the cards in his hand, without being stuck with the single unmatchable card.


lexentry: eng/Old_Norse__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Old Norse
trans_list: lingua Nordica antiqua
sense:
The language of Scandinavia until the 14th century, the common ancestor of modern Swedish, Danish, Norwegian, Faroese, and Icelandic.


lexentry: eng/Old_Testament__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Old Testament
trans_list: Vetus Testāmentum
sense:
(religion, chiefly, Christianity) The first major part of the Christian Bible, covering events before the coming of Christ, corresponding roughly to the Jewish Tanakh. Usually subdivided into the categories of law, history, poetry (or wisdom books), and prophecy.


lexentry: eng/Olympiad__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Olympiad
trans_list: Olympias
sense:
(by, _, extension, usually, _, preceded, _) A competition aspiring to the importance of the Olympic Games or considered similar to them, especially one occurring at 4-year intervals, representing a national or international range of amateur student rather than professional adult competition, and/or requiring the highest level of ability in the field for success.


lexentry: eng/Olympian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Olympian
trans_list: Olympius
sense:
(not comparable) Of or relating to Mount Olympus, the highest mountain in Greece; or (Greek mythology) the Greek gods and goddesses who were believed to live there.


lexentry: eng/Olympic_Games__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Olympic Games
trans_list: Olympia
sense:
An international multi-sport event (inspired by the ancient festival) taking place every fourth year. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/Oléron__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Oléron
trans_list: Uliarus
sense:
An island located in Charente-Maritime department, Poitou-Charentes, region of New Aquitaine, France


lexentry: eng/Ophiuchus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ophiuchus
trans_list: Anguifer | Serpentarius | Ophiuchus
sense:
(zodiac constellations) A zodiacal constellation of the northern summer said to depict a man (Asclepius) holding a serpent; the serpent is the constellation Serpens.


lexentry: eng/Ops__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ops
trans_list: Ops
sense:
(Roman god) The goddess of earth and fertility. Equivalent to the Greek Rhea, Ops was the sister-wife of Saturn and mother of Jupiter. After Saturn learned of a prophecy that his children by Ops would overthrow him, he ate each of them just after they were born; however, Ops saved Jupiter by feeding Saturn a stone instead.


lexentry: eng/Oregon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Oregon
trans_list: Oregonia
sense:
A state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. Capital: Salem. Largest city: Portland.


lexentry: eng/Oriental__Adjective__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: Oriental
trans_list: orientalis
sense:
Pertaining to the regions east of the Mediterranean, beyond the Roman Empire or the early Christian world; of the Near East, the Middle East or the Far East, now especially relating to East Asia. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/Orion's_Belt__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Orion's Belt
trans_list: Iugula
sense:
(constellation) A bright asterism located near the celestial equator; it consists of three bright stars lined up and visibly close together. It is part of the constellation Orion and includes the stars Alnitak (ζ Ori), Alnilam (ε Ori), and Mintaka (δ Ori).


lexentry: eng/Orion__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Orion
trans_list: Orion | ensifer
sense:
(constellation) A constellation on the celestial equator close to Gemini and Taurus, containing the stars Betelgeuse and Rigel.


lexentry: eng/Orodes__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Orodes
trans_list: Hyrōdēs | Orōdēs
sense:
(historical) any of several rulers of Parthian Empire and kings of its nearby kingdoms including Elymais, Armenia, and Hatra


lexentry: eng/Orontes__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Orontes
trans_list: Orontēs
sense:
A river in Western Asia, about 400 km (250 mi) long, flowing from Lebanon through Syria before entering the Mediterranean Sea near Samandağ in Turkey.


lexentry: eng/Orpheus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Orpheus
trans_list: Orpheus
sense:
(Greek mythology) A Thracian musician and poet, who failed to retrieve his wife Eurydice from Hades.


lexentry: eng/Ostrogothic_Kingdom__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ostrogothic Kingdom
trans_list: Regnum Italiae
sense:
(historical) A kingdom (493—553 CE), founded by Theodoric the Great, corresponding to present-day Italy (including Sicily but not Sardinia) and neighbouring areas.


lexentry: eng/Other__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Other
trans_list: alius
sense:
(philosophy, psychoanalysis) Radical alterity or otherness conceived or reified as a separate entity; “other people” altogether in their difference from oneself.


lexentry: eng/Our_Lady_of_Sorrows__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Our Lady of Sorrows
trans_list: Beāta Marīa Virgō Perdolēns | Dolōrōsa | Māter Dolōrōsa
sense:
(Christianity, chiefly, _, Catholicism) Synonym of Mary, mother of Jesus, in particular reference to her grief at the Christ's crucifixion.


lexentry: eng/Oviedo__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Oviedo
trans_list: Ovetum
sense:
The capital city of Asturias, in northwestern Spain, near the Cantabrian Mountains, founded circa 760.


lexentry: eng/Pacific_Ocean__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pacific Ocean
trans_list: Ōceanus Pācificus | Oceanus Pacificus
sense:
An ocean, the world's largest body of water, to the east of Asia and Australasia and to the west of the Americas.


lexentry: eng/Paki_shop__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Paki shop
trans_list: Arabs
sense:
(UK, Ireland, offensive, _, slang, derogatory) A corner shop run by a Pakistani or any other person of South-West and North-West Asian descent.


lexentry: eng/Palestine__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Palestine
trans_list: Palaestina
sense:
(historical, technical) A British colonial entity administering approximately the lands mentioned in definition 1.


lexentry: eng/Palestine__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: Palestine
trans_list: Palaestīna | Palēstīna
sense:
(historical, technical, rare) The British League of Nations Mandate for Palestine, of which this region was a part (the remainder being Transjordan, which covered approximately the lands of the modern Kingdom (originally Emirate) of Jordan).


lexentry: eng/Palestine__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: Palestine
trans_list: Palaestīna | Palaestina
sense:
(historical) Any of four Ancient Roman and Byzantine provinces in the eastern Mediterranean: Syria Palaestina, Palaestina Prima, Palaestina Secunda and Palaestina Salutaris.


lexentry: eng/Palladian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Palladian
trans_list: Palladius
sense:
(Greek mythology, rare) Of or relating to Pallas, an epithet of Athena, the goddess of wisdom, and potentially to other female Greek figures such as Pallas the daughter of Triton and granddaughter of Poseidon.


lexentry: eng/Palmyra__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Palmyra
trans_list: Palmīra | Palmȳra
sense:
An ancient city, an oasis in the Syrian Desert, in present-day central Syria, recorded historically from around 2000 BCE, subsequently subject to various empires and destroyed in 273 CE and again in 1400, when it was reduced to a village.


lexentry: eng/Pan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pan
trans_list: Pan
sense:
(Greek god) Greek god of nature, often visualized as half goat and half man playing pipes. His Roman counterpart is Faunus.


lexentry: eng/Panathenaea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Panathenaea
trans_list: Panathēnāica
sense:
(Ancient Greece, historical) A festival formerly held annually in Athens to honour the city's patron goddess Athena, involving animal sacrifices, a grand procession, and, every fourth year, athletic and musical contests.


lexentry: eng/Pandora__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pandora
trans_list: Pandōra | Pandora
sense:
(Greek mythology) The first woman on earth, who had been given a box by the gods and instructed not to open it, but who disobeyed the instructions out of curiosity, releasing all manner of evils into the world.


lexentry: eng/Pangaea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pangaea
trans_list: Pangaea
sense:
(geology) A supercontinent that included all the landmasses of the earth before the Triassic period and that broke up into Laurasia and Gondwana.


lexentry: eng/Pantelleria__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pantelleria
trans_list: Cossūra
sense:
An inhabited volcanic island belonging to the province of Trapani, Sicily, between Italy and Tunisia.


lexentry: eng/Panzerfaust__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Panzerfaust
trans_list: bazuca
sense:
A light, single-shot anti-tank grenade launcher developed in Germany in the latter stages of the Second World War.


lexentry: eng/Papal_States__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Papal States
trans_list: Patrimōnium Petrī | Status Ecclēsiasticus | Status Pontificius | rēspūblica Sanctī Petrī
sense:
(historical) A country in southern Europe that existed until 1870, comprising the territories of Italy over which the pope was the ruler in a civil as well as a spiritual sense.


lexentry: eng/Paphlagonia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Paphlagonia
trans_list: Paphlagonia
sense:
A historical region in northern Asia Minor, on the shore of the Black Sea, between Bithynia and Pontus


lexentry: eng/Papua_New_Guinea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Papua New Guinea
trans_list: Papua Nova Guinea
sense:
A country in Oceania. Official name: Independent State of Papua New Guinea. Capital and largest city: Port Moresby.


lexentry: eng/Papua__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Papua
trans_list: Papua
sense:
The southern part of what is now called Papua New Guinea, formerly administered as a separate territory to New Guinea.


lexentry: eng/Paracelsus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Paracelsus
trans_list: Paracelsus
sense:
The adopted name of Philippus von Hohenheim, a Swiss thinker of the 16th century known for his pioneering scientific work and his research into the occult and alchemy.


lexentry: eng/Paraclete__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Paraclete
trans_list: paraclētus
sense:
(Christianity) The Holy Spirit, the Holy Ghost, especially in its role as comforter of the faithful.


lexentry: eng/Paraguay__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Paraguay
trans_list: Paraguaia | Paraquaria
sense:
A country in South America. Official name: Republic of Paraguay. Capital and largest city: Asunción.


lexentry: eng/Parmenides__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Parmenides
trans_list: Parmenides
sense:
An Ancient Greek philosopher born in Elea, in southern Italy. Founder of the Eleatic school of philosophy.


lexentry: eng/Parthia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Parthia
trans_list: Parthia
sense:
A former country in Central and Western Asia; the empire ruled by dynasts from Parthia; the Parthian Empire; the Arsacid Empire.


lexentry: eng/Passau__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Passau
trans_list: Passavia
sense:
An independent town in Lower Bavaria, Bavaria, Germany, on the confluence of Inn and Ilz into Danube.


lexentry: eng/Passover__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Passover
trans_list: Pascha | phase
sense:
The one-day Biblical feast or festival (not a holy day) that begins at twilight at the beginning of the fourteenth day of the first month (Abib 14 / Nisan 14), during which the first-born sons of the Israelites were passed over while those of the Egyptians were killed; this feast day is then immediately followed by the seven-day Feast of Unleavened Bread (Nisan 15 to 21; the first and seventh days are holy days or annual or yearly Sabbaths).


lexentry: eng/Patagonia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Patagonia
trans_list: Patagonia
sense:
A geographical region in southern South America, including the southern parts of Chile and Argentina


lexentry: eng/Patras__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Patras
trans_list: Patrae
sense:
The third most populated Greek city (after Athens and Thessaloniki), the most populated city in the Peloponnese and the capital of Western Greece (administrative region of Greece).


lexentry: eng/Pavo__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pavo
trans_list: Pavo
sense:
(constellation) A constellation of the southern sky, said to resemble a peacock. It lies between the constellations Telescopium and Octans.


lexentry: eng/Pegasus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pegasus
trans_list: Pegasus | Pegasos
sense:
(Greek mythology) A winged horse fabled to have sprung from the blood of Medusa when she was slain. He is noted for causing, with a blow of his hoof, Hippocrene, the inspiring fountain of the Muses, to spring from Mount Helicon. Bellerophon tamed and rode upon Pegasus when he defeated the Chimaera.


lexentry: eng/Pegasus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Pegasus
trans_list: Pegasus | Pegasos | Equus
sense:
(constellation) A constellation of the northern sky, near the vernal equinoctial point, representing the winged horse. Its three brightest stars, with the brightest star of Andromeda, form the asterism of the Great Square of Pegasus.


lexentry: eng/Pelion__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pelion
trans_list: Pelium
sense:
A mountain in Thessaly, northern Greece, forming a peninsula between the Pagasetic Gulf and the Aegean Sea.


lexentry: eng/Peloponnese__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Peloponnese
trans_list: Peloponnēsus
sense:
A peninsula in Greece, separated from mainland Europe by the Gulf of Corinth and connected to it by the Isthmus of Corinth.


lexentry: eng/Pentelic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pentelic
trans_list: pentelicus
sense:
Of or relating to Mount Pentelicus (Penteliko Mountain), near Athens, famous for its fine white marble quarries.


lexentry: eng/Perioikoi__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Perioikoi
trans_list: Perioecos | Periœcos
sense:
The ancient inhabitants of Laconia who were free residents of the mountains and the beaches of Laconia.


lexentry: eng/Perpignan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Perpignan
trans_list: Perpenniānum | Perpiniācum | Perpiniānum
sense:
A city, the capital of the Pyrénées-Orientales department, Occitanie, France, formerly in Languedoc-Roussillon.


lexentry: eng/Persephone__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Persephone
trans_list: Persephonē
sense:
(Greek god) A minor deity, the queen of the Underworld/Hades, and goddess of the seasons and vegetation. Originally named Kore/Core, she is the daughter of Zeus and Demeter; and the wife of Hades. Her Roman counterpart is Proserpina.


lexentry: eng/Perseus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Perseus
trans_list: Perseus
sense:
(Greek mythology) The mythological Greek warrior who slew the Gorgon Medusa by decapitating her. He married Andromeda after rescuing her from Ceto and founded Mycenae. He was the son of Zeus and Danae.


lexentry: eng/Perseus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Perseus
trans_list: Perseus
sense:
(constellation) An autumn constellation of the northern sky, said to resemble the mythical hero. It includes the stars Algenib, Algol, and Mirfak.


lexentry: eng/Persia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Persia
trans_list: Persia
sense:
Persia proper (Persis), the land of the ancient Persians, corresponding to modern-day Fars province in southwestern Iran.


lexentry: eng/Peter__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Peter
trans_list: Petrus
sense:
(biblical) The epistles of Peter in the New Testament of the Bible, 1 Peter and 2 Peter attributed to St. Peter.


lexentry: eng/Petrarchan_sonnet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Petrarchan sonnet
trans_list: sonētum Petrarchiānum
sense:
(poetry) A sonnet comprising an octave and a closing sestet, following the rhyme scheme of either abba abba cde cde or abba abba cd cd cd or abba abba cce dde or abba abba cdd cee.


lexentry: eng/Pharisee__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pharisee
trans_list: Pharisaeus
sense:
(historical) A member of an ancient Jewish political party, a social movement, and a school of thought among Jews that flourished during the Second Temple Era (536 B.C.E.–70 C.E.). The movement was ultimately the basis for most contemporary forms of Judaism.


lexentry: eng/Phaëthon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Phaëthon
trans_list: Phaëthōn
sense:
(Greek mythology) the son of the sun god Helios who was killed by Zeus while trying to drive his father's chariot across the sky


lexentry: eng/Pherecratean__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pherecratean
trans_list: Pherecratīus
sense:
(Ancient Greek and Latin, _, prosody, of a logaoedic metre or verse) Consisting of three prosodic feet, normally a spondee, dactyl, and spondee (or trochee), but admitting of some variations.


lexentry: eng/Pherecrates__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pherecrates
trans_list: Pherecratēs
sense:
A celebrated Athenian poet of the Old Comedy, living in the fifth century BCE (born after Crates and Cratinus but before Aristophanes, Eupolis, and Plato Comicus – so between c. 519 and c. 446 BCE), victorious at least thrice at the City Dionysia and the Lenaia in the 440s–430s, and inventor of the Pherecratean metre.


lexentry: eng/Philemon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Philemon
trans_list: Philemonem
sense:
The eighteenth book of the New Testament of the Bible, the epistle of Saint Paul to a fellow Christian called Philemon.


lexentry: eng/Philippians__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Philippians
trans_list: Epistula ad Philippenses | Philippenses
sense:
(biblical) The eleventh book of the New Testament of the Bible, the epistle of St Paul to the Philippians.


lexentry: eng/Philistine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Philistine
trans_list: Philistaeus | Philisthaeus | Philisthiim | Philistiim | Philistīnus
sense:
(historical) A non-Semitic person from ancient Philistia, a region in the southwest Levant in the Middle East.


lexentry: eng/Phocis__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Phocis
trans_list: Phocis
sense:
A regional unit of the administrative region of Central Greece, in modern Greece. Capital and largest city: Amphissa. It is located north northeast of the Peloponnese, which included Delphi.


lexentry: eng/Phoenicia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Phoenicia
trans_list: Phoenīcia
sense:
The land of city states of the Phoenicians which around 1000 BC was situated on the coast of present day Syria and Lebanon, and included the cities of Tyre and Sidon.


lexentry: eng/Phoenix__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Phoenix
trans_list: Phoenix
sense:
(constellation) A spring constellation of the southern sky, said to resemble the mythical bird. It lies north of Tucana.


lexentry: eng/Phosphorus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Phosphorus
trans_list: Venus
sense:
An Ancient Greek name for the morning star (the planet Venus when it is visible in the eastern sky before sunrise).


lexentry: eng/Phrixus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Phrixus
trans_list: Phrixus
sense:
(Greek mythology) Son of Athamas and brother of Helle, with whom he fled to Colchis on a golden winged ram.


lexentry: eng/Phrygia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Phrygia
trans_list: Phrygia
sense:
(historical) Ancient kingdom in the west central part of Anatolia, in what is now modern-day Turkey.


lexentry: eng/Picardy__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Picardy
trans_list: Picardia
sense:
A former administrative region and historical province of France; since 2016, part of the administrative region of Hauts-de-France.


lexentry: eng/Pictor__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pictor
trans_list: Pictor
sense:
(constellation) A summer constellation of the southern sky, said to resemble an easel. It lies between the constellations Carina and Dorado.


lexentry: eng/Pilate__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pilate
trans_list: Pilatus
sense:
(biblical character) Pontius Pilate, the man who, according to the Bible, ordered the crucifixion of Jesus.


lexentry: eng/Pillars_of_Hercules__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pillars of Hercules
trans_list: Columnae Herculis
sense:
(historical) The two promontories at the Strait of Gibraltar, and thus the western limit of the Mediterranean world.


lexentry: eng/Pinocchio__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pinocchio
trans_list: Pīnoculus
sense:
The fictional boy made from wood whose nose gets longer with each lie he tells, protagonist of the story The Adventures of Pinocchio (1881–1883) by Carlo Collodi.


lexentry: eng/Piraeus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Piraeus
trans_list: Piraeus | Piraeum
sense:
A municipality and port in Greece, part of Athens agglomeration, the chief port of Athens, located on the Saronic Gulf.


lexentry: eng/Pisces__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pisces
trans_list: Pisces
sense:
(zodiac constellations) The Fish, a Greco-Roman constellation of the zodiac named for its presumed resemblance to a pair of fish


lexentry: eng/Pisces__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Pisces
trans_list: Pisces
sense:
(astrology) The zodiac sign for the fish, supposed to be ruled by Neptune and to influence events occurring between February 20 and March 20 (tropical) or, less often, between March 15 and April 14 (sidereal).


lexentry: eng/Piscis_Austrinus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Piscis Austrinus
trans_list: Pisces Maior | Piscis Aquosus
sense:
(constellation) An autumn constellation of the northern sky, said to resemble a fish. It contains the star Fomalhaut.


lexentry: eng/Platonic_solid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Platonic solid
trans_list: corpus rēgulātum
sense:
(geometry) Any of five convex polyhedra with congruent regular polygonal faces, which have a high degree of symmetry and have been studied since antiquity.


lexentry: eng/Pleiades__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Pleiades
trans_list: Pleiades | Vergiliae
sense:
(astronomy) An open cluster of hot blue stars in the constellation Taurus, and the most easily visible such cluster from Earth.


lexentry: eng/Plutarch__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Plutarch
trans_list: Plutarchus
sense:
The classical historian and essayist Lucius Mestrius Plutarchus (46-120 C.E.). Often used as a byword for a biographer, to suggest that the writer is especially skilled or has other attributes associated with Plutarch.


lexentry: eng/Pluto__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Pluto
trans_list: Pluto | Pluton
sense:
(astronomy) The largest dwarf planet and formerly the ninth planet, represented by the symbol ♇ or ⯓, both now used mostly in astrology. [from 1930]


lexentry: eng/Pluviôse__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pluviôse
trans_list: pluviosus
sense:
(historical) The fifth month of the French Republican Calendar, from January 20, 21 or 22 to February 18, 19 or 20.


lexentry: eng/Polaris__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Polaris
trans_list: Alpha Ursae Minoris | Polaris | Stella Polaris
sense:
(star) α Ursae Minoris, a trinary star in the constellation Ursa Minor located near the north celestial pole for the last 1500 years.


lexentry: eng/Pomerania__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pomerania
trans_list: Pomerania
sense:
A former duchy, historical province of Prussia, and now a region split between Germany and Poland on the southern shore of the Baltic Sea.


lexentry: eng/Popemobile__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Popemobile
trans_list: papocinetum
sense:
(informal) Any of various vehicles with bulletproof glass sides used to transport the Pope through crowds safely while allowing an open view.


lexentry: eng/Portoferraio__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Portoferraio
trans_list: Argōus Portus | Cosmopolis | Portus Argōus | Portus Ferrārius
sense:
A city and comune in the province of Livorno, Tuscany, Italy, in the north of Elba, featuring a prominent harbour.


lexentry: eng/Portugal__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Portugal
trans_list: Portugallia | Portus Cale | Lūsītānia | Portucale
sense:
A country in Southern Europe, on the Iberian Peninsula. Official name: Portuguese Republic. Capital and largest city: Lisbon.


lexentry: eng/Portuguese__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Portuguese
trans_list: lingua Lusitana | lingua lusitana | lingua Lusitanica | lingua lusitanica
sense:
A Romance language originating in Portugal, and now the official language of Portugal, Angola, Mozambique, São Tomé and Príncipe, Guiné Bissau (Guinea-Bissau), Cape Verde, East Timor, and Brazil.


lexentry: eng/Poseidon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Poseidon
trans_list: Neptunus
sense:
(Greek god) The god of the sea and other waters, earthquakes and horses; corresponds to the Roman god Neptune.


lexentry: eng/Poseidonia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Poseidonia
trans_list: Poseidonia
sense:
(historical) Synonym of Paestum, a former colony in Magna Graecia, in the region of Campania on the Italian Peninsula.


lexentry: eng/Prague__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Prague
trans_list: Praga | pragensis
sense:
The capital city of the Czech Republic; former capital of Czechoslovakia; former capital of the Kingdom of Bohemia.


lexentry: eng/Praxiteles__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Praxiteles
trans_list: Prāxitelēs
sense:
(Ancient Greece) The most renowned of the Attic sculptors of the 4th century BCE, and the first to sculpt the nude female form in a life-size statue.


lexentry: eng/Priapus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Priapus
trans_list: Priāpus
sense:
(Greek god) The son of Aphrodite and Dionysus, god of procreation, and guardian of gardens and vineyards; personification of the phallus.


lexentry: eng/Procopius__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Procopius
trans_list: Procopius
sense:
A male given name of historical usage, notably borne by Saint Procopius, an early Christian martyr of the 3rd century C.E.


lexentry: eng/Procopius__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Procopius
trans_list: Procopius
sense:
A male given name of historical usage, notably borne by Procopius, a Roman imperial usurper of the 4th century C.E.


lexentry: eng/Procopius__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: Procopius
trans_list: Procopius
sense:
A male given name of historical usage, notably borne by Procopius of Caesarea, a Byzantine Greek historian of the 6th century C.E.


lexentry: eng/Procrustes__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Procrustes
trans_list: Procrustes
sense:
(Greek mythology) A celebrated legendary highwayman of Attica, who tied his victims upon an iron bed, and, as the case required, either stretched or cut off their legs to adapt them to its length.


lexentry: eng/Procyon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Procyon
trans_list: Antecanis
sense:
(star) A star in the constellation Canis Minor; Alpha (α) Canis Minoris. The eighth brightest star in the night sky.


lexentry: eng/Prometheus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Prometheus
trans_list: Promētheus | Prometheus
sense:
(Greek god) The Titan chiefly honored for stealing fire from Zeus in the stalk of a fennel plant and giving it to mortals for their use. The god of fire and craft.


lexentry: eng/Promised_Land__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Promised Land
trans_list: Terra Promissa
sense:
(Judaism, Christianity) The area historically known as Judea, which was promised to the Israelites by God according to oral tradition recorded in the Book of Genesis.


lexentry: eng/Prophet__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Prophet
trans_list: prophetes
sense:
(Christianity, Judaism) Any of the prophets mentioned in the Bible, especially an author of one of the Prophets.


lexentry: eng/Protestant__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Protestant
trans_list: protestanticus
sense:
(Christianity) Of or pertaining to several denominations of Christianity that separated from the Roman Catholic Church based on theological or political differences during the Reformation.


lexentry: eng/Protestant__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Protestant
trans_list: Protestāns
sense:
(Christianity) A member of any of several Christian denominations which separated from the Roman Catholic Church based on theological or political differences during the Reformation (or in some cases later).


lexentry: eng/Proto-Indo-European__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Proto-Indo-European
trans_list: lingua indogermanica | lingua prisca indoeuropaea
sense:
(linguistics, uncountable) The reconstructed ancestor language or protolanguage of the Indo-European family of languages, which includes most European, Iranian, and Indian languages.


lexentry: eng/Provence__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Provence
trans_list: Provincia
sense:
A maritime region of southeastern France bordering Italy, now included in Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur.


lexentry: eng/Prussia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Prussia
trans_list: Borussia | Prutenia
sense:
(historical) A German province which was originally located in this area but later greatly expanded, and which was the predecessor to and a member of the German Empire; abolished as an administrative unit at the end of the Second World War.


lexentry: eng/Prussia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: Prussia
trans_list: Prutenia | Prussia | Borussia
sense:
(countable) A country known for exceptional military professionalism in her region. Historically used for Bulgaria as the "Prussia of the Balkans".


lexentry: eng/Prussian_blue__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Prussian blue
trans_list: caeruleus berolinensis
sense:
(inorganic compound) An insoluble dark, bright blue pigment, ferric ferrocyanide (equivalent to ferrous ferricyanide), used in painting and dyeing, and as an antidote for certain kinds of heavy metal poisoning.


lexentry: eng/Psyche__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Psyche
trans_list: psyche
sense:
(Greek mythology, Roman mythology) The personification of the soul. Originally a mortal princess who later married Eros/Cupid, (the god of love), was deified, and bore him a daughter, Hedone/Voluptas.


lexentry: eng/Punjab__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Punjab
trans_list: Pengabum | Pentapotamia
sense:
A geographical region of South Asia, divided (by the Radcliffe Line) between India and Pakistan. Pakistani Punjab includes the (West) Punjab Province and parts of the Islamabad Capital Territory; Indian Punjab includes (East) Punjab State and some other territories.


lexentry: eng/Puppis__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Puppis
trans_list: Puppis
sense:
(constellation) A winter constellation of the northern sky, said to resemble the stern of a ship. Until 1763, it was part of a larger constellation, Argo Navis.


lexentry: eng/Purgatory__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Purgatory
trans_list: purgatorium
sense:
(Christianity) An intermediate state after death in which some of those ultimately destined for Heaven must first undergo purification.


lexentry: eng/Pyrenees__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pyrenees
trans_list: Pȳrēnaeī
sense:
The mountain range separating Spain from France, inhabited by Basques in the west, Occitans in the centre-north, Aragonese in the centre-south, and Catalans in the east.


lexentry: eng/Pyrrhic_victory__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pyrrhic victory
trans_list: victoria Pyrrhica
sense:
A very costly victory, wherein the considerable losses outweigh the gain, so as to render the struggle not worth the cost.


lexentry: eng/Pyrrhus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pyrrhus
trans_list: Pyrrhus
sense:
Ancient Greek given name, particularly worn by the king of Epirus (319-272 BC) who defeated Romans in several battles, but sustained heavy losses, from which the term Pyrrhic victory was coined.


lexentry: eng/Pythagorean_theorem__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pythagorean theorem
trans_list: theorema Pythagorae
sense:
(geometry) A mathematical theorem which states that the square of the length of the hypotenuse of a right triangle is equal to the sum of the squares of those of the two other sides.


lexentry: eng/Pyxis__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pyxis
trans_list: Pyxis
sense:
(constellation) A spring constellation of the southern sky, said to resemble the compass of a ship. It is associated with the larger Argo Navis, although it was never officially part of that constellation.


lexentry: eng/Quaker__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Quaker
trans_list: quakerus
sense:
A believer of the Quaker faith and a member of the Society of Friends, known for their pacifist views.


lexentry: eng/Quechua__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Quechua
trans_list: linguae Quechuae
sense:
A member of one of several South American ethnic groups that spans Peru, Bolivia, northwestern Argentina, northern Chile, and in Ecuador and southern Colombia.


lexentry: eng/Queen_of_Heaven__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Queen of Heaven
trans_list: Regina Caeli
sense:
(Christianity, chiefly, _, Catholicism) Synonym of Mary, mother of Jesus, in particular reference to her role as queen of Heaven.


lexentry: eng/Raków__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Raków
trans_list: Racōvia
sense:
A settlement founded in the Sandomierz Voivodeship of Lesser Poland in 1569 as the centre of the Polish Brethren, the site of the Racovian Academy 1602–1638 and of the publication of the Racovian Catechism in 1605; formerly a town until 1869, it is now a village of the Republic of Poland and the seat of the gmina wiejska (rural commune) of the same name.


lexentry: eng/Rapunzel__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rapunzel
trans_list: Rapuncula
sense:
A German fairy tale about a girl imprisoned in a tower who lets down her long hair for a rescuer to climb.


lexentry: eng/Red_Sea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Red Sea
trans_list: Mare Rubrum
sense:
A long, narrow sea between Africa and the Arabian Peninsula; links the Suez Canal with the Arabian Sea.


lexentry: eng/Reformation__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Reformation
trans_list: refōrmātiō
sense:
(historical) The religious movement initiated in the 16th century against the Roman Catholic Church.


lexentry: eng/Regensburg__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Regensburg
trans_list: Ratisbona
sense:
An independent city, the administrative seat of Upper Palatinate, on the River Danube in Bavaria, Germany; also called Ratisbon.


lexentry: eng/Rehoboam__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rehoboam
trans_list: Roboāmus
sense:
King of Israel after Solomon, whose folly split the kingdom in two; the father of Abijah (biblical character)


lexentry: eng/Renaissance__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Renaissance
trans_list: Renascentia litterarum
sense:
(historical) The 14th-century revival of classical art, architecture, literature and learning that originated in Italy and spread throughout Europe over the following two centuries.


lexentry: eng/Renaissance__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Renaissance
trans_list: Renascentia litterarum
sense:
The period of this revival, typically lasting from the late 14th to the late 16th centuries; the transition from medieval to modern times.


lexentry: eng/Republic_of_China__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Republic of China
trans_list: Res publica Sinarum
sense:
A country in East Asia; modern-day Taiwan, the rump state left over from the Republic of China on the mainland after 1949.


lexentry: eng/Republic_of_North_Macedonia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Republic of North Macedonia
trans_list: Res publica Macedonia Septentrionalis
sense:
Country situated north of Greece and west of Bulgaria on the Balkan Peninsula, formerly partially recognised as the Republic of Macedonia.


lexentry: eng/Reticulum__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Reticulum
trans_list: Reticulum
sense:
(constellation) A small constellation of the southern summer sky, said to resemble a reticle. It lies between the constellations of Horologium and Dorado.


lexentry: eng/Rhea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rhea
trans_list: Rhea
sense:
(Greek god) A Titan, the daughter of Uranus and Gaia, the mother of Demeter, Hades, Hera, Hestia, Poseidon, and Zeus.


lexentry: eng/Rhene__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rhene
trans_list: Rhēnē
sense:
the paramour of King Oïleus of Locris and the mother of either or neither of his sons Medon and Ajax.


lexentry: eng/Rhine__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rhine
trans_list: Rhēnus | Rhenus
sense:
A river in western Europe, that flows through Switzerland, Austria, Liechtenstein, Germany, France and the Netherlands, before emptying into the North Sea.


lexentry: eng/Rhineland__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rhineland
trans_list: Rhēnānia | Rhenania
sense:
(usually, with the definite article) An area on both sides of the river Rhine, in the west of Germany. Roughly equivalent to the former Prussian Rhine Province, now the greater part of Rhineland-Palatinate plus the south-western half of North Rhine-Westphalia.


lexentry: eng/Rhode_Island__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rhode Island
trans_list: Rhodensis Insula
sense:
The smallest state of the United States, formerly officially State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations.


lexentry: eng/Rhodopes__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rhodopes
trans_list: Rhodope
sense:
A mountain range in Southeastern Europe, with over 83% of its area in southern Bulgaria and the remainder in Greece.


lexentry: eng/Rom__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Rom
trans_list: cingarus
sense:
(in particular) A male member of the Romani people who is married and considered respectable amongst the family.


lexentry: eng/Roman_Empire__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Roman Empire
trans_list: Imperium Rōmānum | Imperium Romanum
sense:
(historical) The empire which succeeded the Roman Republic and existed between 27 B.C.E. and 476 C.E. in the west (and until 1453 C.E. in the east; see Byzantine Empire), encompassing territories stretching from Britain and Germany to Spain, North Africa and the Persian Gulf. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/Roman_mile__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Roman mile
trans_list: mille | mille passus | mille passuum
sense:
An ancient Roman unit of itinerant distance of 1000 paces (mille passus, hence also "mile" from Latin mille, "1000"). Indirectly standardized to 5000 Roman feet by Agrippa in 29 BC. In modern times, Agrippa's Imperial Roman mile is empirically estimated to have been around 1481 meters (1620 yards, 4860 English feet, 0.92 English miles); compared with a modern mile, which is 5280 feet.


lexentry: eng/Romance__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Romance
trans_list: rōmānicus
sense:
Of or dealing with languages or cultures derived from Roman influence and Latin: French, Italian, Portuguese, Spanish, Galician, Romanian, Catalan, Occitan, etc.


lexentry: eng/Romanesque__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Romanesque
trans_list: fabula
sense:
Somewhat resembling the Roman; applied sometimes to the debased style of the later Roman Empire, but especially to the more developed art and architecture prevailing from the 8th century to the 12th.


lexentry: eng/Romani__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Romani
trans_list: ros marinus
sense:
The Indo-Aryan lect of the Roma people, or one of its sublects (such as Roma, Sinti, Romanichal, etc), closely related to Hindi and Rajasthani.


lexentry: eng/Romans__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Romans
trans_list: Romani
sense:
(biblical) The sixth book of the New Testament of the Bible, the epistle of St Paul to the Christians in Rome.


lexentry: eng/Romansch__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Romansch
trans_list: lingua Rhaetica
sense:
(strict sense) A Rhaeto-Romance language (or dialect continuum) spoken in the Graubünden/Grisons canton of Switzerland; it is one of the four official languages of Switzerland.


lexentry: eng/Rome__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rome
trans_list: Rōma | Roma
sense:
A city on the Tiber River on the Italian peninsula; ancient capital of the Roman Empire; capital city of Italy; capital city of the region of Lazio.


lexentry: eng/Romeo__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Romeo
trans_list: Romaeus
sense:
(fiction) One of the main characters of Romeo and Juliet by William Shakespeare: the ardent lover of Juliet.


lexentry: eng/Round_Table__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Round Table
trans_list: Mensa Rotunda
sense:
(Arthurian legend) King Arthur's table in the Arthurian legend, around which he and his knights congregate, all having equal status since the table has no head.


lexentry: eng/Roussillonese__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Roussillonese
trans_list: septentrionalis
sense:
Representative of, resembling, or related to the dialect of the Catalan language spoken in Roussillon and North-East Catalonia.


lexentry: eng/Rubicon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rubicon
trans_list: Rubicō | Rubicōn
sense:
(historical) A small river in northeastern Italy which flowed into the Adriatic Sea marking the boundary between the Roman province of Gaul and the Roman heartland. Its crossing by Julius Caesar in 49 B.C.E. began a civil war.


lexentry: eng/Rus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rus
trans_list: Ruthenia
sense:
A people made up of Scandinavian warrior merchants who travelled Eastern European river-roads from the eighth century, and whose settlements around Novgorod, Kiev and the Volga and Dnieper gave rise to the Rus' principalities. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/Russia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Russia
trans_list: Russia | Ruthenia
sense:
A transcontinental country in Eastern Europe and North Asia. Official name: Russian Federation. Capital and largest city: Moscow. It borders the Pacific and Arctic Oceans and the Baltic, Black, and Caspian Seas. Part of the Soviet Union from 1917 through 1991.


lexentry: eng/Ruthenia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ruthenia
trans_list: Russia | Rūthēnia
sense:
The territory between Central and Eastern Europe inhabited by Rusyns, on the slopes of the Carpathian Mountains in parts of Ukraine, Poland and Slovakia.


lexentry: eng/Ruthenia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Ruthenia
trans_list: Russia | Rūthēnia
sense:
(historical) Lands inhabited by Ukrainians (Ruthenians) of the former Austrian Empire kingdom of Galicia (1772–1918), corresponding to parts of Western Ukraine.


lexentry: eng/Réunion__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Réunion
trans_list: Reunio
sense:
An island, overseas department, and administrative region of France, located in the Indian Ocean to the west of Mauritius and to the east of Madagascar.


lexentry: eng/Saarland__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Saarland
trans_list: Saravia
sense:
One of the component states of Germany according to the current administrative division of the nation.


lexentry: eng/Sabbath__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sabbath
trans_list: sabbatum | Hērōdis diēs
sense:
Friday evening to Saturday evening, observed in Judaism and some Christian denominations (such as the Coptic Orthodox Church) as a day of rest and worship.


lexentry: eng/Sadducee__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sadducee
trans_list: Saddūcaeus
sense:
(historical) A member of an ancient Jewish sect possibly formed as a political party in the 2nd century BCE and existing until around the 1st century CE.


lexentry: eng/Sagitta__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sagitta
trans_list: Sagitta
sense:
(constellation) A small autumn constellation of the northern sky, said to resemble an arrow. It lies between the constellations of Vulpecula and Aquila.


lexentry: eng/Sagittarius__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sagittarius
trans_list: Sagittarius | Arcitenens
sense:
(zodiac constellations) A constellation of the zodiac supposedly shaped like a centaur who is an archer. It contains the stars Kaus Australis and Nunki.


lexentry: eng/Sagittarius__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Sagittarius
trans_list: Sagittarius | Arcitenens
sense:
(astrology) The zodiac sign for the archer, ruled by Jupiter and covering November 23 - December 21 (tropical astrology) or December 16 - January 14 (sidereal astrology).


lexentry: eng/Saint-Tropez__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Saint-Tropez
trans_list: Sanctus Torpetius
sense:
A town, port and seaside resort on the French Riviera, in the Var department, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France.


lexentry: eng/Saint_Helena__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Saint Helena
trans_list: insulae Sanctae Helenae
sense:
An island of volcanic origin in the South Atlantic Ocean, and an overseas territory of the United Kingdom. Official name: Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha. Formerly named Saint Helena and Dependencies.


lexentry: eng/Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Saint Kitts and Nevis
trans_list: Sanctus Christophorus et Nives
sense:
A country in the Caribbean, comprising the islands of Saint Kitts and Nevis. Official name: Federation of Saint Christopher and Nevis.


lexentry: eng/Saint_Nicholas__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Saint Nicholas
trans_list: Sanctus Nicolaus
sense:
(Christianity) A 4th-century Greek bishop from Myra, Anatolia, patron saint of children, mariners and the unwed among others, functioning in multiple countries as a gift-giving figure around his feast day of December 6.


lexentry: eng/Saint_Petersburg__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Saint Petersburg
trans_list: Petropolis
sense:
A federal city of Russia, known between 1914 and 1924 as Petrograd and between 1924 and 1991 as Leningrad, and former capital of Russia (1713–1728, 1732–1918).


lexentry: eng/Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
trans_list: Sanctus Vincentius et Granatinae
sense:
An archipelago and country in the Caribbean, comprising the islands of Saint Vincent and the island chain of the Grenadines.


lexentry: eng/Saintes__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Saintes
trans_list: Mediolanum
sense:
A city in the Charente-Maritime department, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, southeastern France, the former capital of the Saintonge province.


lexentry: eng/Saladin__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Saladin
trans_list: Saladinus
sense:
(history) First sultan of Egypt and Syria and the founder of the Ayyubid dynasty, who led the Muslim opposition to the European Crusaders in the Levant.


lexentry: eng/Salamis__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Salamis
trans_list: Salamis
sense:
The largest island in the Saronic Gulf, near Athens, Greece, where a famous battle in the Persian Wars took place.


lexentry: eng/Salvation_Army__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Salvation Army
trans_list: Exercitus Salvātiōnis
sense:
A Protestant Christian church and an international charitable organisation structured in a quasi-military fashion, originally founded to help the poor of London.


lexentry: eng/Samaria__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Samaria
trans_list: Samarīa
sense:
(historical) An ancient region in the region of Palestine, mostly in the northern part of the modern West Bank.


lexentry: eng/Samland__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Samland
trans_list: Sambia
sense:
A peninsula, situated in what was historically East Prussia and is now the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia, which juts out into the Baltic, and from which the Vistula Spit (enclosing the Vistula Lagoon) and Curonian Spit (enclosing the Curonian Lagoon) extend.


lexentry: eng/Samoa__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Samoa
trans_list: Samoa
sense:
A country consisting of the western part of the Samoan archipelago in Polynesia, in Oceania. Official name: Independent State of Samoa. Capital and largest city: Apia. Formerly Western Samoa, and, before that, German Samoa. It is distinct from American Samoa.


lexentry: eng/Samson__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Samson
trans_list: Samson
sense:
(biblical character) An Israelite judge in the Old Testament who performed feats of strength against the Philistines but was betrayed by Delilah his mistress.


lexentry: eng/San_Francisco__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: San Francisco
trans_list: Franciscopolis | Urbs Sancti Francisci
sense:
A major coastal city and county in California, United States, of over 800,000, widely known for its unique culture, architecture, and LGBT population; formerly Yerba Buena (pre-1847).


lexentry: eng/San_Marino__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: San Marino
trans_list: Sanctus Marinus
sense:
A landlocked microstate in Southern Europe, located within the borders of Italy. Official name: Republic of San Marino.


lexentry: eng/Sanskrit__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sanskrit
trans_list: lingua Sanscrita
sense:
A classical Indo-European language of South Asia, which is the liturgical language of Hinduism, Buddhism, Sikhism, Jainism. [from 1610s]


lexentry: eng/Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Santa Cruz de Tenerife
trans_list: Sancta Cruz Nivariae
sense:
The largest city on the Spanish island of Tenerife. It is also co-capital, along with Las Palmas, of the Canary Islands.


lexentry: eng/Sappho__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sappho
trans_list: Sapphō
sense:
An Ancient Greek female name, particularly borne by a poetess from Lesbos who lived between 630 and 570 BC (exact dates unknown).


lexentry: eng/Saracen__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Saracen
trans_list: Saracenus
sense:
A member of a nomadic people from the Sinai near the Roman province of Arabia in the early centuries CE, who were specifically distinct from Arabs.


lexentry: eng/Saratov__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Saratov
trans_list: Saratovia
sense:
A city, the administrative center of Saratov Oblast, Volga Region, Volga Federal District, European Russia, Russia.


lexentry: eng/Satan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Satan
trans_list: Satanas | Satan | diabolus
sense:
(religion) The supreme evil spirit in the Abrahamic religions, who tempts humanity and rules Hell; the Devil; (in, _, Theistic Satanism) the same figure, regarded as a deity to be revered and worshipped.


lexentry: eng/Satanism__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Satanism
trans_list: satanismus
sense:
A profession, philosophy, or ideological construct featuring a positive, admirable, or useful association to the figure, character or entity known as 'Satan'; or, featuring opposition to all morality and the procurement of what is wanted regardless of the consequences concerning others.


lexentry: eng/Saturday__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Saturday
trans_list: sabbatum | diēs Saturnī | sabbata | dies Saturni
sense:
The seventh day of the week in many religious traditions, and the sixth day of the week in systems using the ISO 8601 norm; observed as the Sabbath/Shabbat in Judaism (Friday sunset to Saturday sunset); it follows Friday and precedes Sunday.


lexentry: eng/Saturn__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Saturn
trans_list: Saturnus
sense:
(astronomy) The sixth planet of the solar system, known for its large rings, and until recent times the furthest known; represented in astronomy and astrology by ♄.


lexentry: eng/Saudi_Arabia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Saudi Arabia
trans_list: Arabia Saudiana
sense:
A country in Western Asia, in the Middle East. Official name: Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Capital: Riyadh.


lexentry: eng/Sauer__Proper_noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sauer
trans_list: Sura
sense:
A river in Europe that flows for 173 km (103 mi) through Belgium, Luxembourg and Germany; it empties into the Moselle near Wasserbillig.


lexentry: eng/Save__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Save
trans_list: Savus
sense:
A river in southeastern Africa that flows about 400 km (250 mi) from south of Harare in Zimbabwe, through Mozambique, to the Indian Ocean.


lexentry: eng/Save__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Save
trans_list: Savus
sense:
A river in southern France that flows about 143 km (89 mi) from the Pyrenees to the Garonne at Grenade.


lexentry: eng/Savoy__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Savoy
trans_list: Sapaudia | Sabaudia
sense:
(historical) A historical region shared between the modern countries of France, Italy and Switzerland.


lexentry: eng/Scandinavian_Peninsula__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Scandinavian Peninsula
trans_list: Scandia | Scandinavia
sense:
A peninsula comprising the mainlands of Norway and Sweden, and the northwestern part of Finland (compared to Fennoscandia which comprises all the three countries Norway, Sweden and Finland); the largest peninsula in Europe (with an area of a three-quarter million square kilometres).


lexentry: eng/Scandinavian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Scandinavian
trans_list: scandinavicus
sense:
(Of a language) Of or relating to the North Germanic family of languages to which Swedish, Norwegian (Bokmål, Nynorsk), Danish, Icelandic, and Faeroese belong.


lexentry: eng/Scania__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Scania
trans_list: Scania
sense:
A historical region, currently part of Sweden, occupying the southernmost tip of the Scandinavian Peninsula.


lexentry: eng/Scorpio__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Scorpio
trans_list: Scorpio
sense:
(astrology) The zodiac sign for the scorpion, ruled by Mars and covering October 23 - November 22 (tropical astrology) or November 16 - December 15 (sidereal astrology).


lexentry: eng/Scorpius__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Scorpius
trans_list: Scorpius
sense:
(constellation) A constellation of the zodiac, roughly shaped like a scorpion. Its brightest star is the red giant Antares.


lexentry: eng/Scottish_Gaelic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Scottish Gaelic
trans_list: lingua Scotica
sense:
The Gaelic language of Scotland, spoken primarily in the northern and western parts of the country, with important communities in Glasgow and Edinburgh. Scottish Gaelic had its widest influence between 800 and 1200 C.E., as place names throughout Scotland attest.


lexentry: eng/Scrabble__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Scrabble
trans_list: Scrabularum ludus
sense:
A board game in which players draw letter tiles and take turns to make interlocking words like a crossword, scoring points according to the letters played and their positions on the board.


lexentry: eng/Sculptor__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sculptor
trans_list: Sculptor
sense:
(constellation) A dim spring constellation of the southern sky. It lies between Aquarius and Phoenix and lies in the direction of the southern pole of the Milky Way.


lexentry: eng/Scutum__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Scutum
trans_list: Scutum
sense:
(constellation) A small autumn constellation of the northern sky, said to resemble a shield. It lies between the constellations of Aquila, Sagittarius, and the tail of Serpens.


lexentry: eng/Scylla__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Scylla
trans_list: Scylla
sense:
A dangerous rock on the Italian coast opposite the whirlpool Charybdis on the coast of Sicily. The passage between Scylla and Charybdis was formerly considered perilous; hence, the saying between Scylla and Charybdis signifies a great peril on either hand.


lexentry: eng/Scythia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Scythia
trans_list: Scythia | Scitia
sense:
(historical) A region of Central Eurasia in the classical era, encompassing parts of the Pontic steppe, Central Asia, Eastern Europe, inhabited by nomadic Scythians from at least the 11th century BCE to the 2nd century CE.


lexentry: eng/Sea_of_Azov__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sea of Azov
trans_list: Palus Maeotis
sense:
A very shallow sea bounded by Russia, Ukraine, and the Crimean peninsula, linked to the Black Sea by the Strait of Kerch.


lexentry: eng/Sea_of_Galilee__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sea of Galilee
trans_list: mare Galīlaeae
sense:
A lake in northern Israel, located about 15 miles (24 km) northeast of the ancient city of Nazareth.


lexentry: eng/Sea_of_Marmara__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sea of Marmara
trans_list: Propontis
sense:
A deep inland sea in north-western Turkey connecting the Black Sea to the Aegean Sea via the straits of Bosphorus and Dardanelles.


lexentry: eng/Senate__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Senate
trans_list: senatus
sense:
Any of several legislative bodies. (In countries which have multiple legislative bodies, the Senate is often the more senior.)


lexentry: eng/Seneca__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Seneca
trans_list: Seneca
sense:
A Roman cognomen, notably borne by Lucius Annaeus Seneca, a Roman stoic philosopher, dramatist, and statesman.


lexentry: eng/Sennacherib__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sennacherib
trans_list: Sennacherib
sense:
The king of the Neo-Assyrian Empire from 705 BCE to 681 BCE, famous for the role he plays in the Bible which describes his campaign in the Levant.


lexentry: eng/Seoul__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Seoul
trans_list: Seulum
sense:
The capital city of South Korea, also the historical capital of Korea from 1394 until the country was divided in 1945.


lexentry: eng/September__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: September
trans_list: september | September
sense:
The ninth month of the Gregorian calendar, following August and preceding October. Abbreviations: Sep or Sep., Sept or Sept.


lexentry: eng/Septuagint__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Septuagint
trans_list: Septuaginta
sense:
An influential Greek translation of the Hebrew Bible produced in Alexandria in the 3rd and 2nd centuries BC.


lexentry: eng/Serapis__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Serapis
trans_list: Serapis
sense:
A Graeco-Egyptian god devised during the 3rd century BC as a means to unify the Greeks and Egyptians in the realm of Ptolemy I.


lexentry: eng/Serbia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Serbia
trans_list: Serbia
sense:
A country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe. Official name: Republic of Serbia. Capital and largest city: Belgrade. Part of Yugoslavia until 1992, then part of Serbia and Montenegro until 2006.


lexentry: eng/Serbia_and_Montenegro__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Serbia and Montenegro
trans_list: Serbia et Nigromontium
sense:
(historical) Former country on the Balkan Peninsula, formerly part of Yugoslavia. It disbanded in 2006.


lexentry: eng/Serica__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Serica
trans_list: Serica
sense:
(historical) An ancient empire in East Asia, North China reached overland as opposed to the Sinae, the South Chinese reached by sea.


lexentry: eng/Serpens__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Serpens
trans_list: Serpens
sense:
(constellation) A large summer constellation of the northern sky said to resemble a snake. It is the only constellation consisting of two parts (Serpens Caput and Serpens Cauda) separated by the constellation Ophiuchus, representing the snake handler Asclepius.


lexentry: eng/Sevan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Sevan
trans_list: Lychnitis
sense:
formerly an island in the northwestern part of Lake Sevan in Armenia, which was transformed into a peninsula after the artificial draining during the Soviet era


lexentry: eng/Sevastopol__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sevastopol
trans_list: Sebastopolis
sense:
A port city in Crimea, internationally recognized as part of Ukraine but de facto in Russia. It is the base of the Black Sea Fleet.


lexentry: eng/Sextans__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sextans
trans_list: Sextans
sense:
(constellation) A dim spring constellation of the northern sky, said to resemble a sextant. It lies south of the constellation of Leo.


lexentry: eng/Seychelles__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Seychelles
trans_list: Insulae Seisellenses
sense:
An archipelago and country in East Africa, in the Indian Ocean. Official name: Republic of Seychelles.


lexentry: eng/Shaanxi__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Shaanxi
trans_list: Xensi
sense:
A province in China, including the Wei River valley and the fertile southern half of the Ordos Loop, comprising much of the Loess Plateau. Capital: Xi'an.


lexentry: eng/Shakespeare__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Shakespeare
trans_list: Shakespeārius
sense:
William Shakespeare, an English playwright and poet of the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries


lexentry: eng/Shakespearean_sonnet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Shakespearean sonnet
trans_list: sonētum Shākespēriānum
sense:
(poetry) A sonnet comprising three quatrains and a final couplet, in iambic pentameter with the rhyme scheme of abab cdcd efef gg.


lexentry: eng/Shavuot__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Shavuot
trans_list: Pentecoste
sense:
(Judaism) A Jewish holiday that occurs in the spring, a harvest festival, also commemorating the anniversary of the giving of the Ten Commandments to Moses and the Israelites at Mount Sinai.


lexentry: eng/Sheba__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sheba
trans_list: Saba
sense:
(biblical) A former kingdom in the Red Sea region. An ancient kingdom in Arabia or possibly in Africa. Frequently equated with ancient Saba.


lexentry: eng/Shiva__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Shiva
trans_list: Sivus
sense:
(Hinduism) The god of destruction and transformation, and together with Brahma and Vishnu, one of the principal deities in Hinduism. Within Shaivism he is viewed as the Supreme deity, whereas in other branches of Hinduism such as the Smarta tradition he is worshipped as one of the six manifestations of the Divine.


lexentry: eng/Shkodër__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Shkodër
trans_list: Scodra | Scutarum
sense:
A city in northwestern Albania (the country's fifth largest), located on a plain between the marshlands of Lake Shkodër and the foothills of the Albanian Alps, surrounded on three sides by the rivers Kir, Drin and Buna; it is the seat of its eponymous county, municipality and administrative unit.


lexentry: eng/Shrewsbury__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Shrewsbury
trans_list: Salopia
sense:
A civil parish with a town council which includes the town in Shropshire, which partly replaced Shrewsbury and Atcham District when it was abolished in 2009.


lexentry: eng/Shrovetide__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Shrovetide
trans_list: oblectamenta antequadragesimalia
sense:
The three days immediately preceding Lent; Shrove Sunday, Shrove Monday, and Shrove Tuesday, preceding Ash Wednesday.


lexentry: eng/Sicily__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sicily
trans_list: Sicilia
sense:
The largest island in the Mediterranean Sea, an autonomous region of Italy, close to Africa and separated from Tunisia and Libya by the Strait of Sicily.


lexentry: eng/Sienese__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sienese
trans_list: Senensis
sense:
Of or pertaining to Siena in central Italy, or its school of painting in the 13th and 14th centuries.


lexentry: eng/Sikhism__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sikhism
trans_list: Sichismus
sense:
A revealed, monotheistic religion originating in northern India, in the 15th century, through Guru Nanak and his successors.


lexentry: eng/Silesia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Silesia
trans_list: Silesia
sense:
A region in central Europe, now chiefly in Poland, with small portions in the Czech Republic and Germany, from early modernity until 1945 predominantly German-speaking with Slavic-speaking minorities (and local majorities).


lexentry: eng/Silesian__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Silesian
trans_list: lingua silesica
sense:
(uncountable) Upper Silesian, a West Slavic language spoken in southwestern parts of Poland and the Czech Republic.


lexentry: eng/Silifke__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
sense: A district of Mersin, Turkey, around the town.
written_rep: Silifke
trans_list:
Seleucia | Seleucia Cilicia | Seleucia Isauria | Seleucia Trachea | Seleucia Tracheotis | Seleucia ad Calycadnum


lexentry: eng/Simferopol__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Simferopol
trans_list: Sympheropolis | Neapolis | Neapolis Scythica
sense:
The capital city and raion of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, Ukraine and capital city of the Republic of Crimea, Russia.


lexentry: eng/Simplified_Chinese__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Simplified Chinese
trans_list: lingua sinica simplificata
sense:
Chinese written using the forms of Chinese characters introduced by the PRC as script reform. The characters are simplified (with a reduced number of strokes, etc.) compared to their pre-reform shapes.


lexentry: eng/Singapore__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Singapore
trans_list: Singapura
sense:
An island and city-state in Southeast Asia, located off the southernmost tip of the Malay Peninsula; a former British crown colony. Official name: Republic of Singapore.


lexentry: eng/Sinophone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sinophone
trans_list: Sinophona | Sinophonus
sense:
A person who speaks one or more of the Sinitic or Chinese language(s), usually natively; a Chinese-speaking person.


lexentry: eng/Sisyphus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sisyphus
trans_list: Sisyphus
sense:
(Greek mythology) Son of Aeolus and Enarete, and king of Ephyra, as tragic figure doomed eternally to roll a boulder up a hill in Tartarus, a part of Hades.


lexentry: eng/Sivan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sivan
trans_list: siban
sense:
(Judaism) The ninth month of the civil year and the third month of the ecclesiastical year in the Jewish calendar, after Iyar and before Tammuz.


lexentry: eng/Sixto-Clementine__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sixto-Clementine
trans_list: Sixtō-Clēmentīnus
sense:
Of, pertaining to, or designating the edition or text of the Vulgate (1592, corrected in 1593 and 1598), correcting that of Pope Sixtus V (r. 1585–90), which was revised on the orders of Pope Clement VIII (r. 1592–1605).


lexentry: eng/Sjögren's_syndrome__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sjögren's syndrome
trans_list: syndroma Sjögren
sense:
An autoimmune disorder in which immune cells attack and destroy the exocrine glands that produce tears and saliva.


lexentry: eng/Slavonia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Slavonia
trans_list: Sclavonia
sense:
In early modern times: Kingdom of Slavonia, covering north-eastern parts of modern Croatia and region of Syrmia in modern Serbia.


lexentry: eng/Slovenia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Slovenia
trans_list: Slovēnia | Slovenia
sense:
A country on the Balkan Peninsula in Central Europe. Official name: Republic of Slovenia. Capital and largest city: Ljubljana. Part of Yugoslavia until 1991.


lexentry: eng/Snow_White__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Snow White
trans_list: Albanix
sense:
A fictional character in the fairy tale Snow-White and Rose-Red, from Schneeweißchen und Rosenrot collected by the Brothers Grimm.


lexentry: eng/Society_of_Jesus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Society of Jesus
trans_list: Societas Jesu
sense:
An order of Roman Catholic clergy, the Jesuits, having a tradition of education, theological scholarship, and missionary work; formed during the 16th century.


lexentry: eng/Sodom__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sodom
trans_list: Sodoma
sense:
(biblical, Quranic) A city in the Middle East which, according to the Bible and Islamic tradition, but not specifically named in the Qur'an, was destroyed by God (along with Gomorrah) for the sins of its inhabitants.


lexentry: eng/Sogdiana__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sogdiana
trans_list: Sogdiana
sense:
An ancient Iranian-speaking civilization of what is today eastern Uzbekistan and western Tajikistan.


lexentry: eng/Solar_System__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Solar System
trans_list: Systema solare
sense:
(astronomy) The Sun and all the heavenly bodies that orbit around it, including the eight planets, their moons, the asteroids, and comets.


lexentry: eng/Solomon_Islands__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Solomon Islands
trans_list: Insulae Salomonis
sense:
A country consisting of the majority of the Solomon Islands archipelago in Melanesia, in Oceania, as well as the Santa Cruz Islands. Official name: Solomon Islands. Capital and largest city: Honiara.


lexentry: eng/Solomon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Solomon
trans_list: Salomon
sense:
(Biblical character) In the Old Testament and Qur'an, a king of Israel famous for his wisdom; father of King Rehoboam and the son of King David.


lexentry: eng/Somalia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Somalia
trans_list: Somalia
sense:
A country in East Africa, in the Horn of Africa. Official name: Federal Republic of Somalia. Capital: Mogadishu.


lexentry: eng/Somerset__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Somerset
trans_list: Somersetia
sense:
A maritime county in the west of England bordered by Gloucestershire, Bristol, Wiltshire, Dorset, Devon, the Severn estuary and the Bristol Channel.


lexentry: eng/Son_of_Man__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Son of Man
trans_list: Filius hominis
sense:
(Christianity) A Christian title of Jesus Christ, referring to his status as a celestial being who presides as an eschatological judge.


lexentry: eng/Song_of_Songs__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Song of Songs
trans_list: Canticum Canticorum | Canticum Solomonis
sense:
(biblical) The twenty-second book of the Christian Old Testament and the seventeenth book of the Hebrew Bible.


lexentry: eng/Sophene__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sophene
trans_list: Sōphēnē
sense:
(historical) Province of ancient Armenia and of the Roman Empire, located to the south-west of Greater Armenia. Independent kingdom from 3rd century B.C. until 90's B.C. Lies in modern-day southeastern Turkey.


lexentry: eng/Sophocles__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sophocles
trans_list: Sophocles
sense:
A Greek dramatic poet (ca. 497 BCE – 405 BCE); Sophocles was one of the three greatest Greek tragedians. In the Athenian dramatic competitions of the Festival of Dionysus, he won more first prizes (around 20) than any other playwright, and placed second in all others he participated in. He is best remembered for his Oedipus Cycle of plays.


lexentry: eng/South_Africa__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: South Africa
trans_list: Africa Australis | Africa Meridionalis
sense:
A country in Southern Africa. Official name: Republic of South Africa. Capitals: Pretoria, Cape Town, and Bloemfontein.


lexentry: eng/South_America__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: South America
trans_list: America Austrālis | America Meridionalis
sense:
The continent that is the southern part of the Americas. It is east of the Pacific Ocean, west of the Atlantic Ocean, south of North America and north of Antarctica.


lexentry: eng/South_Australia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: South Australia
trans_list: Australia Australis
sense:
One of the six states of Australia, located in the central southern part of the continent, with its capital at Adelaide.


lexentry: eng/South_China_Sea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: South China Sea
trans_list: Mare Sinense Australe
sense:
The western arm of the Pacific Ocean, between the Asian mainland and Taiwan, Borneo and the Philippines.


lexentry: eng/South_Dakota__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: South Dakota
trans_list: Dacota Meridiana
sense:
A state in the Upper Midwest region of the United States. Capital: Pierre. Largest city: Sioux Falls.


lexentry: eng/South_Korea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: South Korea
trans_list: Corēa Merīdiāna | Corēa Merīdiōnālis
sense:
A country in East Asia, comprising the southern part of the Korean Peninsula. Official name: Republic of Korea. Capital: Seoul.


lexentry: eng/South_Pole__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: South Pole
trans_list: australis
sense:
(geography) The Geographic South Pole or Terrestrial South Pole; the point which south is oriented towards, and therefore the southernmost point on Earth (having a latitude of -90°).


lexentry: eng/South_Sudan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: South Sudan
trans_list: Sudania Australis
sense:
A country in East Africa. Official name: Republic of South Sudan, formerly the southern part of Sudan.


lexentry: eng/Southeast_Asia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Southeast Asia
trans_list: Asia Meridiorientalis
sense:
A subregion of Asia, comprising the territories of Brunei, Cambodia, East Timor, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar (Burma), the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam.


lexentry: eng/Southern_Cross__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Southern Cross
trans_list: Crux
sense:
(constellation) A distinctive winter constellation of the southern sky, shaped like a cross, which appears in the flags of several countries in Oceania.


lexentry: eng/Southern_Ocean__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Southern Ocean
trans_list: Oceanus Antarcticus
sense:
The portion of the World Ocean surrounding Antarctica, variously taken as the waters south of the Antarctic Circle, the waters south of 60° S, or the waters bounded by the Antarctic Convergence.


lexentry: eng/Spain__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Spain
trans_list: Hispania
sense:
A country in Southern Europe, including most of the Iberian peninsula. Official name: Kingdom of Spain. Capital and largest city: Madrid.


lexentry: eng/Spartacus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Spartacus
trans_list: Spartacus
sense:
A Thracian name, notably borne by a gladiator who was one of the slave leaders in a major slave uprising against the Roman Republic.


lexentry: eng/Sphinx__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sphinx
trans_list: Sphinx
sense:
(usually, with "the") An ancient, large statue in Egypt, with the face of a man and the body of a lion, lying near the Great Pyramids.


lexentry: eng/Sphinx__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Sphinx
trans_list: Sphinx
sense:
(Greek mythology) One of the many offspring of Typhon and Echidna, a winged lion-like creature with a woman's face, who committed suicide out of frustration after Oedipus managed to solve her riddles.


lexentry: eng/Spiritism__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Spiritism
trans_list: spiritismus
sense:
A philosophical doctrine, established in France in the mid nineteenth century, postulating that humans are essentially immortal spirits that temporarily inhabit physical bodies, and may have influence on the physical world.


lexentry: eng/Springfield__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Springfield
trans_list: Campifons
sense:
A census-designated place in West Virginia; named for the Battle of Springfield (1780), which took place in the township of Union County, New Jersey.


lexentry: eng/Srebrenica__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Srebrenica
trans_list: Argentaria
sense:
A town and municipality in the easternmost part of Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina, which was the site of an ethnic cleansing massacre in July 1995.


lexentry: eng/Sri_Lanka__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sri Lanka
trans_list: Srilanca | Tāprobanē
sense:
An island and country in South Asia, off the coast of India. Official name: Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka. Capital: Colombo.


lexentry: eng/St._Elmo's_fire__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: St. Elmo's fire
trans_list: corpus sanctum
sense:
An electrical discharge, or corona, seen around pointed objects, caused by ionization of the atmosphere during storms.


lexentry: eng/St._John's_wort__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: St. John's wort
trans_list: ascyron
sense:
Any of several plants, of the genus Hypericum, especially Hypericum perforatum, that have yellow flowers and traditionally ward off evil.


lexentry: eng/Stalin__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Stalin
trans_list: Stalin
sense:
A surname from Russian; usually referring to the Russian [empire, republic] revolutionary and Soviet Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU(b) Joseph Stalin.


lexentry: eng/Star_Wars__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Star Wars
trans_list: Bella Stellaria
sense:
An American epic space opera franchise centered on a film series created by George Lucas in a setting where futuristic technology co-exists with a semi-sentient form of magic/religion called the Force.


lexentry: eng/State_of_Palestine__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: State of Palestine
trans_list: Civitas Palaestinae
sense:
The country established in West Bank and Gaza Strip, including occupied Palestinian territories and those under the jurisdiction of the Palestinian National Authority.


lexentry: eng/Statue_of_Liberty__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Statue of Liberty
trans_list: statua libertatis
sense:
A very large statue in New York harbor, representing the Roman goddess Libertas, and considered emblematic of the United States and its attractiveness to voluntary immigrants.


lexentry: eng/Stigmata__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Stigmata
trans_list: stigmata
sense:
(religion, Christianity) bodily marks or sores, corresponding in location to the crucifixion wounds of Christ; supposed to occur during states of religious ecstasy or hysteria, and sometimes reported to bleed periodically


lexentry: eng/Stone_Age__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Stone Age
trans_list: Aetas Lapidea
sense:
(archaeology, paleontology) A broad prehistoric period during which humans widely used stone for toolmaking.


lexentry: eng/Stone__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Stone
trans_list: lapis
sense:
(countable) An English occupational and habitational surname from Old English, for someone who lived near a stone worked with stone, from Old English stan.


lexentry: eng/Strabo__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Strabo
trans_list: Strabō
sense:
(63/64 B.C.E. – ca. 24 C.E.) Ancient Greek geographer, philosopher, and historian from Amaseia in Pontus.


lexentry: eng/Strait_of_Bonifacio__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Strait of Bonifacio
trans_list: Fretum Gallicum
sense:
A strait between Corsica and Sardinia, connecting the Tyrrhenian Sea and the western Mediterranean Sea.


lexentry: eng/Strait_of_Dover__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Strait of Dover
trans_list: fretum Gallicum
sense:
A strait in the English Channel, connecting to the North Sea, between Dover (England) and Calais (France)


lexentry: eng/Strait_of_Kerch__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Strait of Kerch
trans_list: Bosporus Cimmerius
sense:
A strait that connects the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov, separating the Kerch Peninsula of Crimea in the west from the Taman Peninsula of Russia's Krasnodar Krai in the east.


lexentry: eng/Strait_of_Messina__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Strait of Messina
trans_list: Fretum Messānae | Fretum Siculum | Siculum Fretum | Siculum fretum
sense:
The narrow section of water between the eastern tip of Sicily and the southern tip of mainland Italy.


lexentry: eng/Strasbourg__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Strasbourg
trans_list: Argentoratum | Argentaria | Strasburgum
sense:
The capital city of the Bas-Rhin department, France; capital city of the region of Grand Est; located in the historic region of Alsace, near the border with Germany and at various historical points a part of Germany.


lexentry: eng/Stratford-on-Avon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Stratford-on-Avon
trans_list: Stratfordia super Avonam
sense:
A town in Warwickshire, England, birthplace of William Shakespeare. Often used as a byword for a particularly idyllic or historic town.


lexentry: eng/Stuttgart__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Stuttgart
trans_list: Stutgardia | Stuccardia
sense:
An unincorporated community in Phillips County, Kansas, located in the north of the state off U.S. Route 36 7.6 mi west-northwest of Phillipsburg and 6.6 mi east-southeast of Prairie View.


lexentry: eng/Sukkot__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sukkot
trans_list: scēnopēgia
sense:
(Judaism) An ancient biblical / Israelite / Jewish festival lasting seven days, celebrating the autumn harvest and commemorating the passage through the wilderness: observed from the 15th day to the 21st day of the month of Tishrei (Tishri).


lexentry: eng/Sun__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sun
trans_list: sōl
sense:
The star at the center of the Solar System (our solar system), which shines in our sky, represented in astronomy and astrology by ☉.


lexentry: eng/Sunday__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sunday
trans_list: dies Solis | diēs Dominicus | diēs Sōlis | dies Dominica
sense:
The first day of the week in many religious traditions, and the seventh day of the week in systems using the ISO 8601 standard; the Christian Sabbath; the Lord's Day; it follows Saturday and precedes Monday.


lexentry: eng/Superman__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Superman
trans_list: Superhomō
sense:
A fictional comic-book superhero with superhuman strength and speed, X-ray vision, and the ability to fly. [from 1933.]


lexentry: eng/Suriname__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Suriname
trans_list: Surinamia
sense:
A country in South America. Official name: Republic of Suriname. Capital and largest city: Paramaribo.


lexentry: eng/Susa__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Susa
trans_list: Sūsa
sense:
(historical) Former name of Shush, a city in Iran which served as an ancient capital of Elam, the Persian Empire, the Seleucid Empire and the Parthian Empire.


lexentry: eng/Sussex__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sussex
trans_list: Regnum Sussaxonum
sense:
A former county of south-east England, England, United Kingdom, now divided into East- and West-), then bordered by Surrey, Kent, Hampshire and the English Channel.


lexentry: eng/Svetovid__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Svetovid
trans_list: Suantouitus
sense:
The chief god of the Slavic tribe of Rani and the Polabian Slavs, ruling over war, fertility, and prosperity.


lexentry: eng/Swahili__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Swahili
trans_list: lingua Suahelica | lingua Swahelica
sense:
An agglutinative language of the Bantu branch widely spoken in East Africa. Born in its modern form from the hybridization of the Arabic and Bantu cultures, it was the language of the traders in East Africa, and spread along the routes of trade.


lexentry: eng/Swedenborgianism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Swedenborgianism
trans_list: Swedenborgianismus
sense:
(historical) Any of several related Christian denominations that developed as a new religious movement, informed by the writings of Emanuel Swedenborg.


lexentry: eng/Swedish__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Swedish
trans_list: lingua Suecica
sense:
The language of Sweden and Åland (an autonomous part of Finland). Swedish is also one of the two official languages of Finland, spoken by 6% of the citizens. A very small minority in Estonia has Swedish as their mother tongue.


lexentry: eng/Switzerland__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Switzerland
trans_list: Helvetia | Helvētia
sense:
A country in Western Europe and Central Europe. Official name: Swiss Confederation. Capital: Bern (de facto).


lexentry: eng/Sydney__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sydney
trans_list: Sydneium
sense:
(uncountable) A major port city, the state capital of New South Wales, Australia, and the most populous city in Australia.


lexentry: eng/Sydney__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Sydney
trans_list: Sydneium
sense:
(uncountable) A seaport and former city in Nova Scotia, Canada, now part of the amalgamated Cape Breton Regional Municipality on Cape Breton Island.


lexentry: eng/Syr_Darya__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Syr Darya
trans_list: Iaxartes
sense:
A major river in Central Asia, running parallel to the Amu Darya. Known in classical times as Jaxartes.


lexentry: eng/Syracusan__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Syracusan
trans_list: Syracosius
sense:
Of or belonging to Syracuse, a city in Sicily, Italy, or of the city of Syracuse in central New York State.


lexentry: eng/Syria__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Syria
trans_list: Syria
sense:
(historical) Syria (an ancient region in the Levant in Western Asia, roughly coextensive with the modern country of Syria).


lexentry: eng/Székely_Land__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Székely Land
trans_list: Terra Siculorum
sense:
A historic and ethnographic region in Romania, inhabited mainly by Székelys, a subgroup of Hungarians.


lexentry: eng/São_Tomé_and_Príncipe__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: São Tomé and Príncipe
trans_list: Insulae Sancti Thomae et Principis
sense:
A country and archipelago in Central Africa, in the Atlantic Ocean. Official name: Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe. Capital: São Tomé.


lexentry: eng/Süderbeste__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Süderbeste
trans_list: Horbistena
sense:
The name by which the River Beste is called on its course between the millpond in Lasbek-Gut and its confluence with the River Norderbeste.


lexentry: eng/T-shirt__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: T-shirt
trans_list: tunicula
sense:
A lightweight shirt without buttons, usually with short sleeves and no collar. Often made of cotton and frequently bears a picture or slogan.


lexentry: eng/Tacitus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tacitus
trans_list: Tacitus
sense:
A Roman cognomen, notably borne by Publius (or Gaius) Cornelius Tacitus (c.56–117), a historian of ancient Rome and Marcus Claudius Tacitus (c.200–275), a Roman emperor.


lexentry: eng/Taj_Mahal__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Taj Mahal
trans_list: Taj Mahal
sense:
A monument in Agra, India, constructed between 1631 and 1654, considered one of the finest examples of Mughal architecture in the world.


lexentry: eng/Talmud__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Talmud
trans_list: Talmūd
sense:
A collection of Jewish writings related to the practical application of Judaic law and tradition (may refer to either the Babylonian Talmud or the shorter Jerusalem Talmud).


lexentry: eng/Tamil__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Tamil
trans_list: tamulicus
sense:
(uncountable) A Dravidian language spoken in the state of Tamil Nadu, India and in Sri Lanka, Singapore, Malaysia.


lexentry: eng/Tangier__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tangier
trans_list: Tingis
sense:
A port city, the capital of the region of Tangier-Tetouan-Al Hoceima, Morocco, on the Strait of Gibraltar.


lexentry: eng/Tantalus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tantalus
trans_list: Tantalus
sense:
(Greek mythology) A Phrygian king who was condemned to remain in Tartarus, chin-deep in water, with fruit-laden branches hanging above his head; whenever he tried to drink or eat, the water and fruit receded out of reach.


lexentry: eng/Taoiseach__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Taoiseach
trans_list: Tovisacus
sense:
(Irish politics) The head of the government of Ireland, comparable to a prime minister of a Commonwealth of Nations country.


lexentry: eng/Tartarus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tartarus
trans_list: Tartarus
sense:
(Greek mythology, Roman mythology) A dark and gloomy part of the realm of Hades, reserved for the damned and the wicked, such as the Titans; an equivalent of hell in Greek and Roman mythology.


lexentry: eng/Tasmania__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tasmania
trans_list: Tasmania
sense:
One of the six federal states of Australia, consisting of one large, eponymous and several much smaller islands, off the eastern part of Australia's south coast, having its capital at Hobart.


lexentry: eng/Tasmanian_devil__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tasmanian devil
trans_list: Sarcophilus harrisii
sense:
A medium-sized carnivorous marsupial (Sarcophilus harrisii) found exclusively on the island of Tasmania.


lexentry: eng/Taurica__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Taurica
trans_list: Taurica
sense:
(historical) The name by which the territory of the Crimean peninsula was known to the Greeks and Romans.


lexentry: eng/Taurus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Taurus
trans_list: Taurus
sense:
(zodiac constellations) A constellation of the zodiac supposedly shaped like a bull and containing the star Aldebaran.


lexentry: eng/Taurus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Taurus
trans_list: Taurus
sense:
(astrology) The zodiac sign for the bull, ruled by Venus and covering April 21 - May 21 (tropical astrology) or May 16 - June 15 (sidereal astrology).


lexentry: eng/Taurus__Proper_noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Taurus
trans_list: Taurus
sense:
A mountain range in southern Anatolia, almost 4000 metres high and running parallel to the Mediterranean coast


lexentry: eng/Taygetos__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Taygetos
trans_list: Taygetus
sense:
A mountain range in the prefectures of Laconia, Messenia and Arcadia on the Peloponnese peninsula in southern Greece.


lexentry: eng/Tchaikovsky__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tchaikovsky
trans_list: Čajkovskij
sense:
A transliteration of the Russian surname Чайко́вский (Čajkóvskij), usually applying to Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky.


lexentry: eng/Telangana__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Telangana
trans_list: Telangānā
sense:
A state in south-central India, created in 2014 by separation from Andhra Pradesh. Capital: Hyderabad.


lexentry: eng/Telescopium__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Telescopium
trans_list: Telescopium
sense:
(constellation) A small faint constellation of the southern winter sky, said to resemble a telescope. It lies south of the constellation of Corona Australis.


lexentry: eng/Telesphoros__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Telesphoros
trans_list: Telesphorus
sense:
(Greek god) A god/personification of recuperation from illness or injury. He is a healer and a son of Asclepius and Epione.


lexentry: eng/Temple__Proper_noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Temple
trans_list: templum
sense:
(Judaism, Christianity, historical) Any of the former chief temples to YHWH in Jerusalem, particularly Solomon's Temple.


lexentry: eng/Temple__Proper_noun__2
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Temple
trans_list: templum
sense:
Either of two of the Inns of Court in London (the Inner Temple and the Middle Temple), built on a site once occupied by the Knights Templar.


lexentry: eng/Ten_Commandments__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ten Commandments
trans_list: Decalogus
sense:
(religion) A particular list of religious and moral imperatives which, according to the Old Testament of the Bible or the Hebrew Bible, were twice given or dictated by God to Moses on Mount Sinai and inscribed on two stone tablets.


lexentry: eng/Terpsichore__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Terpsichore
trans_list: Terpsichorē
sense:
(Greek god) The goddess of dance and the dramatic chorus, and one of the Muses; the daughters of Zeus & Mnemosyne.


lexentry: eng/Tertullian__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tertullian
trans_list: Tertullianus
sense:
A Roman cognomen, in particular borne by the Christian theologian Quintus Septimius Florens Tertullianus from Carthage.


lexentry: eng/Tetragrammaton__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tetragrammaton
trans_list: tetragrammaton | Tetragrammaton
sense:
The four Hebrew letters יהוה (in transliteration, YHWH or JHVH) used as the ineffable name of God in the Hebrew Bible, variously transliterated as Yahweh or Jehovah.


lexentry: eng/Teutonic_Knights__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Teutonic Knights
trans_list: Ordo Teutonicus | Ordo domus Sanctae Mariae Theutonicorum Ierosolimitanorum
sense:
A German religious order founded in the late 12th century and known for conquering the Baltic Prussians and bringing Prussia under German control; the order exists today as a charitable organisation.


lexentry: eng/Thailand__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Thailand
trans_list: Thailandia
sense:
A country in Southeast Asia. Official name: Kingdom of Thailand. Capital: Bangkok. Former name: Siam.


lexentry: eng/Thames__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Thames
trans_list: Tamesis | Tamesa
sense:
A river in southern England, flowing 336 km (209 mi.) from Gloucestershire, through Wiltshire, Oxfordshire, Berkshire, Buckinghamshire, Surrey and Greater London to the Thames Estuary and North Sea.


lexentry: eng/Thames__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: Thames
trans_list: Tamesis | Tamesa
sense:
A river in the U.S. State of Connecticut flowing 24 km (15 mi.) past New London to Long Island Sound.


lexentry: eng/Theatine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Theatine
trans_list: theatinus
sense:
(religion) A member of a Catholic order established in 1524 in Italy, which consisted of monks and later, nuns under the direction of the monks.


lexentry: eng/Thebes__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Thebes
trans_list: Thēbae | Thebae
sense:
A city in central Greece, the capital city of Boeotia and an important political centre in antiquity.


lexentry: eng/Thebes__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Thebes
trans_list: Thēbae | Thebae
sense:
An ancient city and archaeological site in Upper Egypt, having functioned as capital city at times during the Middle Kingdom and New Kingdom.


lexentry: eng/Themis__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Themis
trans_list: Themis
sense:
(Greek god) A Titan, the embodiment of divine order, law and custom. She was the daughter of Gaia and Uranus.


lexentry: eng/Theotokos__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Theotokos
trans_list: Dei Genitrix | Deipara | Theotocus
sense:
(Christianity, chiefly, _, Orthodoxy) Synonym of Mary, mother of Jesus, in particular reference to her role giving birth to God.


lexentry: eng/Thermidor__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Thermidor
trans_list: thermidorus
sense:
(historical) The eleventh month of the French Republican Calendar, from July 19 or 20 to August 17 or 18.


lexentry: eng/Thermopylae__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Thermopylae
trans_list: Thermopylae
sense:
A narrow pass on the east-central coast of Greece adjacent to the Maliakos Gulf, northwest of Athens. Its name is derived from its hot sulphur springs. It was the site of the Battle of Thermopylae, at which the Spartan King Leonidas stood off, for a time, the Persian armies of Xerxes.


lexentry: eng/Thessalonians__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Thessalonians
trans_list: Thessalonicenses
sense:
(biblical) Books in the New Testament of the Bible (1 Thessalonians and 2 Thessalonians), epistles to the Christians in ancient Thessaloniki.


lexentry: eng/Thessaly__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Thessaly
trans_list: Thessalia
sense:
A region in north-central Greece; one of its 13 peripheries. It contains the prefectures of Karditsa, Larissa, Magnesia and Trikala.


lexentry: eng/Thor__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Thor
trans_list: Herculēs | Iuppiter | Thōrus
sense:
(Norse mythology) A hammer-wielding god associated with thunder, lightning, storms, sacred groves and trees, strength, and the protection of mankind.


lexentry: eng/Thoth__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Thoth
trans_list: Thoth
sense:
(Egyptian god) The ancient Egyptian moon god of wisdom, learning, and magic, usually depicted as an ibis or baboon.


lexentry: eng/Thrace__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Thrace
trans_list: Thracia
sense:
A historical and geographic area in southeast Europe, now divided between Greece, Bulgaria and Turkey.


lexentry: eng/Thucydides__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Thucydides
trans_list: Thūcȳdidēs
sense:
(c. 460 BCE – c. 395 BCE) A great ancient Greek historian and author of the History of the Peloponnesian War, which recounts the 5th century BCE war between Sparta and Athens to the year 411 BCE.


lexentry: eng/Thursday__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Thursday
trans_list: diēs Iovis | diēs Jovis | fēria quinta
sense:
The fifth day of the week in many religious traditions, and the fourth day of the week in systems using the ISO 8601 norm; it follows Wednesday and precedes Friday.


lexentry: eng/Tiberius__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tiberius
trans_list: Tiberius
sense:
(historical) A en given name of mostly historical use, in particular, the praenomen of the second Roman emperor Tiberius Julius Caesar Augustus, reigning 14-37 C.E..


lexentry: eng/Tibet__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tibet
trans_list: Thibetum
sense:
The Tibetan Plateau, a plateau region in Central Asia, where the Tibetan people traditionally live, encompassing what is now Tibet Autonomous Region (also called Xizang), most of Qinghai, the western half of Sichuan, a small part of Yunnan and a small part of Gansu in the People's Republic of China, and also the country of Bhutan, and the Indian regions of Sikkim and Ladakh.


lexentry: eng/Tigris__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tigris
trans_list: Tigris | Diglitus
sense:
A river in Southwest Asia flowing 1,150 miles east-southeast from the Armenian Highland in Turkey through Iraq. It forms the eastern edge of classical Mesopotamia. It unites with the Euphrates River to form the Shatt al-Arab before flowing into the Persian Gulf.


lexentry: eng/Tiran__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tiran
trans_list: Iotaba
sense:
Ellipsis of Tiran Island. An island formerly of Egypt, since 2017 of Saudi Arabia An island located between the southern end of the Sinai Peninsula and Arabian Peninsula.


lexentry: eng/Tironian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tironian
trans_list: Tīrōniānus
sense:
Of or pertaining to Marcus Tullius Tiro (died circa 4 BCE), scribe of Cicero and inventor of an early shorthand.


lexentry: eng/Tironian_note__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tironian note
trans_list: nota Tīrōniāna
sense:
Any one of thousands of signs in a system of shorthand developed in the 60s BC by Cicero’s scribe Marcus Tullius Tiro.


lexentry: eng/Tisiphone__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tisiphone
trans_list: Tisiphone
sense:
(Greek god, Roman god) One of the Erinyes/Dirae (Furies, the goddesses of vengeance), and a companion of Nemesis/Invidia.


lexentry: eng/Titan__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Titan
trans_list: Titan
sense:
(Greek god) Any of the race of giant gods in Greek mythology that preceded and was overthrown by the Olympian gods.


lexentry: eng/Togarmah__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Togarmah
trans_list: Thogorma
sense:
(biblical character) A grandson of Japheth in the Old Testament; traditional ancestor of Armenians, sometimes also of Georgians.


lexentry: eng/Tonga__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tonga
trans_list: Tonga
sense:
A country and archipelago in Polynesia in Oceania. Official name: Kingdom of Tonga. Capital and largest city: Nuku'alofa.


lexentry: eng/Torah__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Torah
trans_list: Tora
sense:
The first five books of the Hebrew Scriptures, attributed to Moses and therefore also known as the Five Books of Moses.


lexentry: eng/Tours__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tours
trans_list: Caesarodunum | Turonum
sense:
A city, the largest in the region of Centre-Val de Loire, France, and the capital of Indre-et-Loire department.


lexentry: eng/Tower_of_Babel__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tower of Babel
trans_list: Turris Babel
sense:
(biblical) A tower erected at Babel by the descendants of Noah's son Ham to reach the sky, and whose completion God thwarted by making the workers speak different languages so that they were unable to understand one another.


lexentry: eng/Towers__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Towers
trans_list: Caesarodunum
sense:
(jocular) [after a name, typically that of the speaker/writer or publication] the putative palatial address of the named person or corporate entity


lexentry: eng/Traditional_Chinese__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Traditional Chinese
trans_list: lingua sinica traditionalis
sense:
Chinese written using the traditional form of Chinese characters, as opposed to Simplified Chinese (introduced by the PRC as script reform).


lexentry: eng/Transfiguration__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Transfiguration
trans_list: Transfiguratio Domini
sense:
(Christianity) An annual feast day, observed on August 6th (Gregorian) or 19th (Julian), celebrating the miracle when the face of Jesus "shone like the sun" before the apostles.


lexentry: eng/Transnistria__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Transnistria
trans_list: Trānsdanastria | Trānstyrānia
sense:
An autonomous territory within Moldova that claims statehood as the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic, but is not internationally recognized as a sovereign state.


lexentry: eng/Trappist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Trappist
trans_list: Trappista
sense:
A monk or nun of the Order of Cistercians of the Strict Observance (a branch of the Cistercians Roman Catholic religious brotherhood that use a particularly strict interpretation of the Rule of St Benedict).


lexentry: eng/Treasury__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Treasury
trans_list: thesaurus
sense:
Any specific instance of a government department responsible for the collection, management, and expenditure of public revenue.


lexentry: eng/Triangulum_Australe__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Triangulum Australe
trans_list: Triangulum Australe
sense:
(constellation) A winter constellation of the southern sky, which has three bright stars that form a triangle. It lies north of the constellation Apus, between Ara and Circinus.


lexentry: eng/Triangulum__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Triangulum
trans_list: Triangulum
sense:
(constellation) An autumn constellation of the northern sky whose brightest three stars form a small triangle. The constellation lies near Perseus, between Aries and Andromeda.


lexentry: eng/Trinity__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Trinity
trans_list: Trīnitās | trīnitās
sense:
(Christianity) In Christian belief, the three persons (personae) of the Godhead: Father, Son and Holy Spirit.


lexentry: eng/Tripoli__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tripoli
trans_list: Tripolis | Oea
sense:
The capital city of Libya, originally three separate settlements known as Oea, Sabratha, and Leptis Magna.


lexentry: eng/Trojan_War__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Trojan War
trans_list: bellum Troianum
sense:
(Greek mythology) A mythological decade-long war and siege, ending in the destruction of Troy, which, as described in Homer's Iliad, was waged by a coalition of Achaeans (Greeks) led by King Agamemnon against the Trojans to avenge the abduction of Helen, wife of the Spartan King Menelaus, by Paris, son of the Trojan King Priam.


