# translation

lexentry: eng/palanquin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: palanquin
trans_list: palankin
sense:
A covered type of litter for a stretched-out passenger, carried on four poles on the shoulders of four or more bearers, as formerly used (also by colonials) in eastern Asia.


lexentry: eng/palatalization__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: palatalization
trans_list: palatalizacja | zmiękczenie
sense:
(phonology, uncountable) The state or quality of being palatalized, of pronouncing a sound with the tongue against the palate of the mouth that normally is not.


lexentry: eng/palatalize__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: palatalize
trans_list: palatalizować
sense:
(phonetics, transitive) To pronounce a sound with the tongue against the palate of the mouth when that sound normally would not be so pronounced.


lexentry: eng/palate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: palate
trans_list: podniebienie
sense:
(anatomy) The roof of the mouth, separating the cavities of the mouth and nose in vertebrates. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/palatine_tonsil__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: palatine tonsil
trans_list: migdałek
sense:
(anatomy) One of the two tonsils that can be seen on the left and right sides at the back of the throat.


lexentry: eng/paleobotany__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paleobotany
trans_list: paleobotanika
sense:
The branch of paleontology that deals with the study of plant fossils. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]


lexentry: eng/paleontology__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paleontology
trans_list: paleontologia
sense:
(American spelling) Study of the forms of life existing in prehistoric or geologic times, especially as represented by fossils.


lexentry: eng/palilalia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: palilalia
trans_list: palilalia
sense:
(clinical psychology) A complex tic comprising the repetition or echoing of one's own spoken words, which may sound like stuttering.


lexentry: eng/palimpsest__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: palimpsest
trans_list: palimpsest
sense:
A manuscript or document that has been erased or scraped clean, for reuse of the paper, parchment, vellum, or other medium on which it was written.


lexentry: eng/palindrome__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: palindrome
trans_list: palindrom
sense:
A word, phrase, number or any other sequence of units which has the property of reading the same forwards as it does backwards, character for character, sometimes disregarding punctuation, capitalization and diacritics.


lexentry: eng/pall__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pall
trans_list: rosocha
sense:
(heraldic charge) A charge representing an archbishop's pallium, having the form of the letter Y, sometimes charged with crosses.


lexentry: eng/pallet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pallet
trans_list: paleta
sense:
A portable platform, usually designed to be easily moved by a forklift, on which goods can be stacked, for transport or storage.


lexentry: eng/pallet_jack__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pallet jack
trans_list: paleciak | wózek ręczny paletowy unoszący
sense:
A manually operated device used to lift and move pallets chiefly within a warehouse; the most basic form of a forklift.


lexentry: eng/palliate__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: palliate
trans_list: zatrzeć
sense:
To cover or disguise the seriousness of (a mistake, offence etc.) by excuses and apologies. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/palliative__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: palliative
trans_list: paliatywny
sense:
(medicine) Minimising the progression of a disease and relieving undesirable symptoms for as long as possible, rather than attempting to cure the (usually incurable) disease.


lexentry: eng/pallisander__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pallisander
trans_list: palisander
sense:
a dense, heavy wood, similar to teak or mahogany, mostly from species of Dalbergia and Pterocarpus, as well as Machaerium


lexentry: eng/palm__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: palm
trans_list: dłoń
sense:
The inner and somewhat concave part of the human hand that extends from the wrist to the bases of the fingers.


lexentry: eng/palm_card__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: palm card
trans_list: fiszka
sense:
A small card listing items to be discussed in a speech or presentation, usually in bullet point form, to assist the speaker.


lexentry: eng/palm_cockatoo__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: palm cockatoo
trans_list: żałobnica palmowa
sense:
Probosciger aterrimus, a large smoky-grey or black parrot of the cockatoo family native to New Guinea and far north Queensland, Australia, with a large black beak and prominent red cheek patches.


lexentry: eng/palm_oil__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: palm oil
trans_list: olej palmowy
sense:
An edible plant oil derived from the mesocarp (reddish pulp) of the fruit of the oil palm (Elaeis guineensis).


lexentry: eng/palm_tree__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: palm tree
trans_list: palma
sense:
A tree of the family Arecaceae usually characterised by having a single stem or trunk, directly from which sprout several leaves or fronds giving a shape like an outstretched hand.


lexentry: eng/palmitic_acid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: palmitic acid
trans_list: kwas palmitynowy
sense:
(fatty acid) One of the most common saturated fatty acids; it is found in all animal and most vegetable oils and fats; it is used in the manufacture of soap etc.


lexentry: eng/palpate__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: palpate
trans_list: macać
sense:
To examine or otherwise explore through touch, particularly (medical) in reference to an area or organ of the human body.


lexentry: eng/palpitation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: palpitation
trans_list: palpitacja
sense:
An abnormal beating of the heart that may be perceived by the patient, a result of excitement, exertion, or illness.


lexentry: eng/palsy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: palsy
trans_list: paraliż | porażenie | bezwład
sense:
(pathology) Complete or partial muscle paralysis of a body part, often accompanied by a loss of feeling and uncontrolled body movements such as shaking.


lexentry: eng/palynology__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: palynology
trans_list: palinologia
sense:
(science) The scientific study of spores, pollen and particulate organic matter in various matrices including the air (pollen counts), crime scenes, and sedimentary rocks.


lexentry: eng/pamphlet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pamphlet
trans_list: pamflet
sense:
A small, brief printed work, consisting either of a folded sheet of paper, or several sheets bound together into a booklet with only a paper cover, formerly containing literary compositions, newsletters, and newspapers, but now chiefly informational matter.


lexentry: eng/panacea__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: panacea
trans_list: panaceum
sense:
A remedy believed to cure all disease and prolong life that was originally sought by alchemists; a cure-all.


lexentry: eng/pancreas__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pancreas
trans_list: trzustka
sense:
(anatomy) A gland near the stomach which secretes a fluid into the duodenum to help with food digestion. The fluid contains protease, carbohydrase and lipase, which breaks down larger molecules into smaller pieces. The pancreas also produces the hormones insulin and glucagon which regulate blood sugar. These hormones are released into the cardiovascular system.


lexentry: eng/pandeiro__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pandeiro
trans_list: pandeiro
sense:
A type of hand-held frame drum with a round wooden frame and six pairs of metal discs fit along the sides, and an animal skin or nylon head; similar to a tambourine but with head tension that can be tuned and crisper, drier, and less sustained jingles, used in a number of Brazilian music forms.


lexentry: eng/pandeism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pandeism
trans_list: pandeizm
sense:
(religion) A belief in a god who is both pantheistic and deistic, in particular a god who designed the universe and then became it and ceased to exist separately and act consciously with respect to it.


lexentry: eng/pandemic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pandemic
trans_list: pandemiczny
sense:
(epidemiology) Of a disease: epidemic over a wide geographical area and affecting a large proportion of the population; also, of or pertaining to a disease of this nature.


lexentry: eng/pandemic__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pandemic
trans_list: pandemia
sense:
(epidemiology) A pandemic disease; a disease that affects a wide geographical area and a large proportion of the population.


lexentry: eng/pandemonium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pandemonium
trans_list: pandemonium
sense:
A loud, wild, tumultuous protest, disorder, or chaotic situation, usually of a crowd, often violent.


lexentry: eng/pander__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pander
trans_list: przymilać się | przymilić się
sense:
(intransitive) To tempt with, to appeal or cater to (improper motivations, etc.); to assist in gratification.


lexentry: eng/panel__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: panel
trans_list: panel
sense:
A group of people gathered to judge, interview, discuss etc. as on a television or radio broadcast for example.


lexentry: eng/panelling__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: panelling
trans_list: wykładzina
sense:
(British spelling) The panels with which a surface (especially an indoor wall) is covered, considered collectively.


lexentry: eng/panentheism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: panentheism
trans_list: panenteizm
sense:
(philosophy, religion) A doctrine that the universe subsists within God, but that God nevertheless transcends or has some existence separate from the universe.


lexentry: eng/panforte__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: panforte
trans_list: panforte | piernik seneński
sense:
A dense flat cake made with honey, hazelnuts, almonds, candied fruit, cocoa and spices; a speciality of Siena.


lexentry: eng/pang__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pang
trans_list: ból
sense:
(often, in the plural) A paroxysm of extreme physical pain or anguish; a feeling of sudden and transitory agony; a throe.


lexentry: eng/pang__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pang
trans_list: atak
sense:
(often, in the plural) A sudden sharp feeling of an emotional or mental nature, as of joy or sorrow.


lexentry: eng/pang_of_conscience__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pang of conscience
trans_list: wyrzuty sumienia
sense:
(often, in the plural) A feeling of shame, guilt, or embarrassment, resulting from behavior which one regrets.


lexentry: eng/pangolin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pangolin
trans_list: łuskowiec
sense:
The scaly anteater; any of several long-tailed, scale-covered mammals of the order Pholidota of tropical Africa and Asia, the sole extant genus of which is Manis.


lexentry: eng/panhandle__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: panhandle
trans_list: cypel | worek
sense:
(cartography, US) On a map, any arm or projection suggestive of the handle of a pan; an especially elongate salient.


lexentry: eng/panhandler__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: panhandler
trans_list: żebrak
sense:
One who panhandles; an urban beggar who typically stands on a street with an outstretched container in hand, begging for loose change or money.


lexentry: eng/panic__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: panic
trans_list: panika
sense:
(uncountable) Overwhelming fear or fright, often affecting groups of people or animals; (countable) an instance of this; a fright, a scare.


lexentry: eng/panic_attack__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: panic attack
trans_list: atak paniki
sense:
A sudden period of intense anxiety, mounting physiological arousal, fear, stomach problems and discomfort that are associated with a variety of somatic and cognitive symptoms.


lexentry: eng/panna_cotta__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: panna cotta
trans_list: panna cotta
sense:
A northern Italian dessert consisting of flavoured double cream set with gelatine, often served with fruit sauce or caramel syrup.


lexentry: eng/pannier__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pannier
trans_list: sakwa
sense:
A large basket or bag fastened, usually in pairs, to the back of a bicycle or pack animal, or carried in pairs over the shoulders.


lexentry: eng/pannier__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: pannier
trans_list: rogówka
sense:
(historical, fashion) One of a pair of hoops used to expand the volume of a woman's skirt to either side.


lexentry: eng/panopticon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: panopticon
trans_list: panoptikon
sense:
A type of prison where all the cells are visible from the center, particularly if it is not possible for those in a cell to know if they are being watched.


lexentry: eng/panpipes__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: panpipes
trans_list: fletnia Pana
sense:
(musical instrument) An instrument consisting of a series of ten or more tubes of different lengths, typically closed at the bottom and open at the top. The instrument is played by blowing across the open end at the top.


lexentry: eng/pansexuality__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pansexuality
trans_list: panseksualizm
sense:
A sexual orientation characterized by the potential for aesthetic attraction, romantic love and/or sexual desire for people regardless of their gender or sex.


lexentry: eng/pant__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pant
trans_list: dyszeć | sapać
sense:
(ambitransitive) To breathe quickly or in a labored manner, as after exertion or from eagerness or excitement; to respire with heaving of the breast; to gasp.


lexentry: eng/pantaloons__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pantaloons
trans_list: spodnie
sense:
An article of clothing covering each leg separately, that covers the area from the waist to the ankle.


lexentry: eng/pantheism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pantheism
trans_list: panteizm
sense:
(religion) The belief that the Universe is in some sense divine and should be revered. Pantheism identifies the universe with God but denies any personality or transcendence of such a God.


lexentry: eng/pantheon__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pantheon
trans_list: panteon
sense:
(mythology) All the gods of a particular people or religion, particularly the ancient Greek gods residing on Olympus, considered as a group.


lexentry: eng/pantograph__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pantograph
trans_list: pantograf
sense:
A mechanical linkage based on parallelograms causing two objects to move in parallel; notably as a drawing aid.


lexentry: eng/pantograph__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: pantograph
trans_list: pantograf
sense:
(rail transport) A similarly-formed conductive device, now usually Z-shaped, that collects electric current from overhead lines for trains and trams.


lexentry: eng/pantomime__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: pantomime
trans_list: pantomima
sense:
(UK) A traditional theatrical entertainment, originally based on the commedia dell'arte, but later aimed mostly at children and involving physical comedy, topical jokes, call and response, and fairy-tale plots. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/pantry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pantry
trans_list: spiżarnia | spiżarka
sense:
A small room, closet, or cabinet usually located in or near the kitchen, dedicated to shelf-stable food storage and/or storing kitchenware, like a larder, but smaller.


lexentry: eng/pantryman__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pantryman
trans_list: spiżarny
sense:
A person in charge of the pantry, or food store, on a ship, train, or other transport where food is kept for passengers and crew. Also in a hospital, school, or hotel, etc.


lexentry: eng/pants__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pants
trans_list: spodnie | gacie | galoty | pantalony | portki
sense:
(chiefly, North America, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, India, Philippines) An outer garment that covers the body from the waist downwards, covering each leg separately, usually as far as the ankles; trousers. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/pants__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pants
trans_list: majtki | gacie | gatki
sense:
(chiefly, UK) An undergarment that covers the genitals and often the buttocks and the neighbouring parts of the body; underpants. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/pap__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pap
trans_list: papka
sense:
(uncountable) Food in the form of a soft paste, often a porridge, especially as given to very young children.


lexentry: eng/papakha__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: papakha
trans_list: papacha
sense:
A fur or sometimes wool hat traditionally worn by men throughout the Caucasus and Central Asia; its shape varies from hemispherical to cylindrical, which may be slightly tapered in either direction.


lexentry: eng/papal_infallibility__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: papal infallibility
trans_list: nieomylność papieska | nieomylność papieża
sense:
(Roman Catholicism) The concept that the Pope, under certain circumstance (when making a statement on faith or morals, etc.) is protected by the Holy Spirit from being able to make a mistake.


lexentry: eng/paparazzo__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paparazzo
trans_list: paparazzo
sense:
A freelance photographer who sells photographs of celebrities to the media, especially one who pursues celebrities and attempts to obtain candid photographs.


lexentry: eng/paper__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paper
trans_list: papier
sense:
A sheet material typically used for writing on or printing on (or as a non-waterproof container), usually made by draining cellulose fibres from a suspension in water.


lexentry: eng/paper__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: paper
trans_list: papier
sense:
(rock paper scissors) An open hand (a handshape resembling a sheet of paper), that beats rock and loses to scissors. It loses to lizard and beats Spock in rock-paper-scissors-lizard-Spock.


lexentry: eng/paper__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: paper
trans_list: artykuł | papier
sense:
A written document, generally shorter than a book (white paper, term paper), in particular one written for the Government.


lexentry: eng/paper_over__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paper over
trans_list: dzieło
sense:
(transitive, figurative) To superficially hide or disguise (a problem or a defect) without addressing it; to provide a veneer of normality or success.


lexentry: eng/paper_tiger__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paper tiger
trans_list: papierowy tygrys
sense:
(idiomatic) A seemingly fierce or powerful person, country or organisation without the ability to back up their words; apparently powerful but actually ineffective.


lexentry: eng/papers__Noun__2
sense_num: 02
written_rep: papers
trans_list: papiery
sense:
A collection of documents, unpublished writing or correspondence in an archive or library collection.


lexentry: eng/paperweight__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paperweight
trans_list: przycisk do papieru
sense:
A small, decorative, somewhat weighty object placed on one or more pieces of paper to keep them from fluttering away.


lexentry: eng/papier-mâché__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: papier-mâché
trans_list: papier mâché
sense:
Torn-up paper and other possible materials mixed with paste or glue used to create, when the mass is dried, a durable sculptural object.


lexentry: eng/papist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: papist
trans_list: papista | papistka
sense:
(religious slur, Christianity) A Roman Catholic, whose loyalties are seen to be with the papacy in Rome.


lexentry: eng/paprikash__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paprikash
trans_list: paprykarz
sense:
A Hungarian dish resembling goulash (a paprika-based potato stew), but without potatoes and using meat instead, often chicken and sometimes veal.


lexentry: eng/papule__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: papule
trans_list: grudka
sense:
A small, inflammatory, irritated spot on the skin, similar in appearance to a pimple, but not containing pus.


lexentry: eng/papyrology__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: papyrology
trans_list: papirologia
sense:
The study of papyrus, particularly the branch of archeology concerning ancient texts written on papyrus.


lexentry: eng/papyrus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: papyrus
trans_list: papirus
sense:
(usually, uncountable) A plant (Cyperus papyrus) in the sedge family, native to the Nile river valley, paper reed.


lexentry: eng/parabola__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parabola
trans_list: parabola
sense:
(geometry) The conic section formed by the intersection of a cone with a plane parallel to a tangent plane to the cone; the locus of points equidistant from a fixed point (the focus) and line (the directrix).


lexentry: eng/paraboloid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paraboloid
trans_list: paraboloida
sense:
(mathematics) A surface having a parabolic cross section parallel to an axis, and circular or elliptical cross section perpendicular to the axis; especially the surface of revolution of a parabola.


lexentry: eng/parachute__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parachute
trans_list: spadochron
sense:
(aviation) A device, generally constructed from fabric, that is designed to employ air resistance to control the fall of an object or person, causing them to float instead of falling.


lexentry: eng/parachute__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: parachute
trans_list: chusta animacyjna
sense:
A large sheet of fabric used in children's physical education, often colorful, with handles allowing many people to control its motion.


lexentry: eng/paraconsistent__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paraconsistent
trans_list: parakonsystentny
sense:
(logic) Dealing with contradictions in a discriminating way, in order to avoid acceptance of one from entailing acceptance of all contradictions.


lexentry: eng/paraconsistent_logic__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paraconsistent logic
trans_list: logika parakonsystentna
sense:
(logic, countable) A particular formal logical system which allows some contradictions to be true without all contradictions or all statements becoming true; i.e. in which the principle of explosion does not hold.


lexentry: eng/paradiddle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paradiddle
trans_list: młyn
sense:
(music) A percussive exercise (one of 26 drum rudiments per the National Association of Rudimental Drummers or one of 40 per the Percussive Arts Society) which involves playing four even strokes in the order ‘right left right right’ or ‘left right left left.’


lexentry: eng/paradigm__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paradigm
trans_list: paradygmat
sense:
A pattern, a way of doing something, especially a pattern of thought, a system of beliefs, a conceptual framework.


lexentry: eng/paradigm__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: paradigm
trans_list: paradygmat
sense:
(linguistics) A set of all forms which contain a common element, especially the set of all inflectional forms of a word or a particular grammatical category.


lexentry: eng/paradigm_shift__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paradigm shift
trans_list: zmiana paradygmatu
sense:
(sciences) A radical change in thinking from an accepted point of view to a new one, necessitated when new scientific discoveries produce anomalies in the current paradigm. [from 1962]


lexentry: eng/paraffin_wax__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paraffin wax
trans_list: parafina
sense:
A waxy white solid hydrocarbon mixture used to make candles, wax paper, lubricants, and sealing materials.


lexentry: eng/paragraph__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paragraph
trans_list: akapit | paragraf
sense:
A passage in text that starts on a new line, the first line sometimes being indented, and usually marks a change of topic.


lexentry: eng/paragraph__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: paragraph
trans_list: akapit | paragraf
sense:
(originally) A mark or note set in the margin to call attention to something in the text, such as a change of subject.


lexentry: eng/parallax__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parallax
trans_list: paralaksa
sense:
An apparent shift in the position of two stationary objects relative to each other as viewed by an observer, due to a change in observer position.


lexentry: eng/parallel_bars__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parallel bars
trans_list: poręcz
sense:
A set of apparatus consisting of two horizontal bars at a small distance apart, upon which acts of swinging and holding and jumping and dips are performed.


lexentry: eng/parallel_parking__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parallel parking
trans_list: parkowanie równoległe
sense:
The action of parking a vehicle with its side parallel to the curb or the side of the road and facing in the direction of the traffic in the adjacent lane.


lexentry: eng/parallel_universe__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parallel universe
trans_list: świat równoległy
sense:
(sciences, scifi, cosmology) A universe that exists separately alongside another universe, as part of a multiverse.


lexentry: eng/parallelepiped__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parallelepiped
trans_list: równoległościan
sense:
(geometry) A solid figure, having six faces, all parallelograms, all opposite faces being similar and parallel.


lexentry: eng/parallelogram__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parallelogram
trans_list: równoległobok
sense:
(geometry) A convex quadrilateral in which each pair of opposite edges are parallel and of equal length.


lexentry: eng/paralogism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paralogism
trans_list: paralogizm
sense:
A fallacious argument or illogical conclusion, especially one committed by mistake, or believed by the speaker to be logical.


lexentry: eng/paralysis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paralysis
trans_list: paraliż | porażenie | bezwład
sense:
(pathology) The complete loss of voluntary control of part of a person's body, such as one or more limbs.


lexentry: eng/paramagnetism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paramagnetism
trans_list: paramagnetyzm
sense:
(physics) The tendency of magnetic dipoles to align with an external magnetic field; materials that exhibit this tendency become temporary magnets.


lexentry: eng/paramedic__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paramedic
trans_list: ratowniczka | ratowniczka medyczna | ratownik | ratownik medyczny
sense:
An individual trained to medically stabilize people through various interventions, victims of trauma or medical events outside of a hospital setting and preparing them for transport to a medical facility.


lexentry: eng/parameter__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parameter
trans_list: parametr
sense:
A value kept constant during an experiment, equation, calculation, or similar, but varied over other versions of the experiment, equation, calculation, etc.


lexentry: eng/parameter__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: parameter
trans_list: parametr
sense:
(programming) An input variable of a function definition, that gets an actual value (argument) at execution time.


lexentry: eng/paramilitary__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paramilitary
trans_list: bojówka
sense:
A group of civilians trained and organized in a military fashion, but which do not represent the formal forces of a sovereign power.


lexentry: eng/paranoia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paranoia
trans_list: paranoja
sense:
The obsolete name for a psychotic disorder, now called delusional disorder, often (in one of 6 subtypes) characterized by delusions of persecution and perceived threat against the individual affected with the disorder, and often associated with false accusations and general mistrust of others


lexentry: eng/paranoid_personality_disorder__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paranoid personality disorder
trans_list: paranoidalne zaburzenie osobowości
sense:
(psychiatry) A mental disorder characterized by paranoia and a pervasive, long-standing suspiciousness and generalized mistrust of others.


lexentry: eng/paranoid_schizophrenia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paranoid schizophrenia
trans_list: schizofrenia paranoidalna
sense:
(psychiatry) A form of schizophrenia that is accompanied by delusions, either of persecution, grandeur or jealousy.


lexentry: eng/paranormal__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paranormal
trans_list: paranormalny
sense:
That (ostensibly) cannot be explained by what scientists know; supernatural; especially of or pertaining to ghosts, spirits, and supposed abilities like telepathy.


lexentry: eng/paraphernalia__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: paraphernalia
trans_list: parafernalia
sense:
(archaic, family, _, law) Things a married woman owns, such as clothing and jewellery, apart from her dowry.


lexentry: eng/paraphilia__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: paraphilia
trans_list: parafilia
sense:
(sexology) Sexual arousal in response to sexual objects or situations which may interfere with the capacity for reciprocal affectionate sexual activity or lead to clinically significant distress or impairment (e.g. are obligatory, require participation of unconsenting individuals, lead to legal issues).


lexentry: eng/paraprosdokian__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paraprosdokian
trans_list: niespodzianka
sense:
Figure of speech in which the latter part of a sentence or phrase is surprising or unexpected; frequently used in a humorous situation.


lexentry: eng/parapsychology__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parapsychology
trans_list: parapsychologia
sense:
The study of alleged paranormal phenomena; psychic or occult phenomena, such as telepathy and ghosts.


lexentry: eng/parashah__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: parashah
trans_list: parasza
sense:
(Judaism) One of 54 sections of the Torah read weekly by religious Jews, particularly in the synagogue on the morning of the Jewish Sabbath


lexentry: eng/parasite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parasite
trans_list: pasożyt | darmozjad
sense:
(pejorative) A person who lives on other people's efforts or expense and gives little or nothing back. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/parasite__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: parasite
trans_list: pasożyt
sense:
(biology) An organism that lives on or in another organism of a different species, deriving benefit from living on or in that other organism, while not contributing towards that other organism sufficiently to cover the cost to that other organism.


lexentry: eng/parasitic_element__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parasitic element
trans_list: element pasożytniczy
sense:
(electronics) A circuit element or property that is present within an electrical component, and has a negative effect on the performance of the circuit.


lexentry: eng/parasitism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parasitism
trans_list: pasożytnictwo
sense:
(ecology) Interaction between two organisms, in which one organism (the parasite) benefits and the other (the host) is harmed.


lexentry: eng/parasitoid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parasitoid
trans_list: parazytoid
sense:
Any organism that is parasitic during part of its life cycle, especially one that eventually kills its host.


lexentry: eng/parasol_mushroom__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parasol mushroom
trans_list: czubajka kania
sense:
Macrolepiota procera (syn. Lepiota procera, a basidiomycete fungus with a large, prominent fruiting body resembling a parasol.


lexentry: eng/parasympathetic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parasympathetic
trans_list: przywspółczulny
sense:
(neuroanatomy, neurology, relational) Of or relating to the part of the autonomic nervous system that inhibits or opposes the effects of the sympathetic nervous system. It consists of nerves arising from the brain and the lower end of the spinal cord and supplying the internal organs, blood vessels, and glands.


lexentry: eng/parataxis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parataxis
trans_list: parataksa
sense:
(grammar) Speech or writing in which clauses or phrases are placed together without being separated by conjunctions, for example "I came; I saw; I conquered".


lexentry: eng/parathyroid_gland__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parathyroid gland
trans_list: gruczoł przytarczyczny | przytarczyca
sense:
(anatomy) Any one of four endocrine glands situated in the neck, usually within a thyroid gland, which produce parathyroid hormone.


lexentry: eng/paravane__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paravane
trans_list: parawan
sense:
(nautical) A device, stabilized with vanes, towed alongside a vessel such that the cable attaching it cuts the moorings of submerged mines.


lexentry: eng/pardon__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pardon
trans_list: ułaskawienie | łaska
sense:
(legal) An order that releases a convicted criminal without further punishment, prevents future punishment, or (in some jurisdictions) removes an offence from a person's criminal record, as if it had never been committed.


lexentry: eng/pardon_my_French__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pardon my French
trans_list: za przeproszeniem
sense:
(intransitive, idiomatic, often, humorous) To excuse the speaker's frankness of expression or profanity.


lexentry: eng/pare__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pare
trans_list: obierać
sense:
(transitive) To remove the outer covering or skin of something with a cutting device, typically a knife.


lexentry: eng/pare__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pare
trans_list: obniżać
sense:
(transitive, often, with down or back) To reduce, diminish or trim gradually something as if by cutting off.


lexentry: eng/pareidolia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pareidolia
trans_list: pareidolia
sense:
(psychology) The tendency to interpret a vague stimulus as something known to the observer, such as interpreting marks on Mars as canals, seeing shapes in clouds, or hearing hidden messages in music.


lexentry: eng/parenchyma__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parenchyma
trans_list: parenchyma
sense:
(anatomy) The functional tissue of an organ as distinguished from the connective and supporting tissue.


lexentry: eng/parent__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parent
trans_list: rodzic
sense:
One of the two persons from whom one is immediately biologically descended; a mother or father. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/parent__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: parent
trans_list: roślina mateczna
sense:
(biology) An organism from which a plant or animal is immediately biologically descended. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/parenteral__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parenteral
trans_list: pozajelitowy
sense:
(medicine) Administered by some means that avoids the gastrointestinal tract, particularly intravenously or by injection.


lexentry: eng/parenthesis__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: parenthesis
trans_list: nawias
sense:
Either of a pair of brackets, especially round brackets, ( and ) (used to enclose parenthetical material in a text).


lexentry: eng/parenthesis__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: parenthesis
trans_list: nawias
sense:
(mathematics, logic) Such brackets as used to clarify expressions by grouping those terms affected by a common operator, or to enclose the components of a vector or the elements of a matrix.


lexentry: eng/parentification__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parentification
trans_list: parentyfikacja
sense:
(sociology, psychology) A process of role reversal whereby a child is obliged to act as a parent to its own parent or sibling.


lexentry: eng/parents'_evening__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parents' evening
trans_list: wywiadówka
sense:
(UK, education) An evening consisting of short meetings between a parent and their child's teachers to discuss the child's academic progress.


lexentry: eng/pariah__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pariah
trans_list: parias
sense:
Synonym of outcast: A person despised and excluded by their family, community, or society, especially a member of the untouchable castes in Indian society.


lexentry: eng/paring_knife__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paring knife
trans_list: nóż do obierania
sense:
A thin-bladed knife intended for coring and paring (peeling) fruit such as apples as well as slicing small ingredients. It is especially used for precise and controlled cutting.


lexentry: eng/parish__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parish
trans_list: parafia
sense:
In the Anglican, Eastern Orthodox, Lutheran and Roman Catholic Church, an administrative part of a diocese that has its own church.


lexentry: eng/parish__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: parish
trans_list: parafia
sense:
(US) An ecclesiastical society, usually not bounded by territorial limits, but composed of those persons who choose to unite under the charge of a particular priest, clergyman, or minister; also, loosely, the territory in which the members of a congregation live.


lexentry: eng/parish_church__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parish church
trans_list: kościół parafialny
sense:
A church that serves as the religious centre of a parish; the basic administrative unit of episcopal churches.


lexentry: eng/park__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: park
trans_list: park
sense:
A tract of ground kept in its natural state, about or adjacent to a residence, such as for the preservation of game, for walking, riding, or the like.


lexentry: eng/parking_lot__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parking lot
trans_list: parking
sense:
(North America, Philippines, Malaysia) An open area, generally paved, where automobiles may be left when not in use.


lexentry: eng/parking_meter__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parking meter
trans_list: parkometr
sense:
A device, located by a parking space, that collects payment in exchange for the right to park a vehicle for a specified time.


lexentry: eng/parkour__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parkour
trans_list: parkour
sense:
(sport) An athletic discipline, in which practitioners traverse any environment in the most efficient way possible using their physical abilities, and which commonly involves running, jumping, vaulting, rolling, flipping, and other similar physical movements.


lexentry: eng/parlance__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parlance
trans_list: dykcja
sense:
A certain way of speaking, of using words; especially that associated with a particular job or interest.


lexentry: eng/parliament__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: parliament
trans_list: parlament | sejm
sense:
In many countries, the legislative branch of government, a deliberative assembly or set of assemblies whose elected or appointed members meet to debate the major political issues of the day, make, amend, and repeal laws, authorize the executive branch of government to spend money, and in some cases exercise judicial powers; a legislature. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/parliament__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: parliament
trans_list: parlament | sejm
sense:
A particular assembly of the members of such a legislature, as convened for a specific purpose or period of time (commonly designated with an ordinal number – for example, first parliament or 12th parliament – or a descriptive adjective – for example, Long Parliament, Short Parliament and Rump Parliament). [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/parliamentarian__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parliamentarian
trans_list: parlamentarzysta | parlamentarzystka
sense:
(Commonwealth) A member of a parliament, congress or an elected national legislative body of another name.


lexentry: eng/parlor__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parlor
trans_list: izba
sense:
The living room of a house, or a room for entertaining guests; a room for talking; a sitting-room or drawing room


lexentry: eng/parochial__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: parochial
trans_list: parafiański | prowincjonalny | zaściankowy
sense:
Characterized by an unsophisticated focus on local concerns to the exclusion of wider contexts; elementary in scope or outlook.


lexentry: eng/parole__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parole
trans_list: wykazanie się
sense:
(with on) Originally, one's oath or word of honour, given as a condition of release from custody; now specifically, describing the release of a former prisoner under certain conditions, especially the promise of good behaviour. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/parole__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: parole
trans_list: wykazanie się
sense:
Conditional release of a prisoner (now especially before the end of a custodial sentence), or the term or state of such release; the system governing such releases. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/parosmia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parosmia
trans_list: kakosmia | parosmia
sense:
(pathology) A distorted sense of smell, often resulting in the apparent detection of non-existent smells which are mostly unpleasant.


lexentry: eng/parrot__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parrot
trans_list: papuga
sense:
A kind of bird, many species of which are colorful and able to mimic human speech, of the order Psittaciformes or (narrowly) of the family Psittacidae.


lexentry: eng/parrot__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parrot
trans_list: papugować
sense:
(transitive) To repeat (exactly what has just been said) without necessarily showing understanding, in the manner of a parrot.


lexentry: eng/parrotfish__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parrotfish
trans_list: sparysoma
sense:
Any of several tropical marine fish of the family Scaridae known for their beak-like mass of teeth used to scrape algae from rocks or coral.


lexentry: eng/parse__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: parse
trans_list: parsować
sense:
(computing, ambitransitive) To split (a file or other input) into pieces of data that can be easily manipulated or stored.


lexentry: eng/parsley__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parsley
trans_list: pietruszka
sense:
(countable, uncountable) A bright green, biennial herb, Petroselinum crispum, having many cultivars.


lexentry: eng/part-time__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: part-time
trans_list: na pół etatu | niepełnoetatowy
sense:
For, during, or involving less than the normal time for some activity, especially the number of hours an employee works.


lexentry: eng/part_of_speech__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: part of speech
trans_list: część mowy
sense:
(grammar) A linguistic category of words sharing syntactic or morphological behaviour and semantic properties, such as noun or verb.


lexentry: eng/parthenogenesis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parthenogenesis
trans_list: partenogeneza | dzieworództwo
sense:
(biology, countable, uncountable) (An instance of) reproduction by the development of a single gamete (an ovum or ovule) without fertilisation by a gamete of the opposite sex; compare monogenesis, metagenesis, and heterogamy.


lexentry: eng/partial__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: partial
trans_list: stronniczy | tendencyjny | uprzedzony
sense:
biased in favor of a person, side, or point of view, especially when dealing with a competition or dispute


lexentry: eng/partial_derivative__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: partial derivative
trans_list: pochodna cząstkowa
sense:
(mathematics) A derivative with respect to one variable of a function of several variables with the other variables held constant.


lexentry: eng/partial_differential_equation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: partial differential equation
trans_list: równanie różniczkowe cząstkowe
sense:
(calculus) A differential equation that involves the partial derivatives of a function of several variables.


lexentry: eng/participatory_democracy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: participatory democracy
trans_list: demokracja uczestnicząca
sense:
A kind of democracy not limiting participation of citizens to voting, but striving to create opportunities for everybody to make meaningful contributions to decision-making.


lexentry: eng/participle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: participle
trans_list: imiesłów
sense:
(grammar) A form of a verb that may function as an adjective or noun. English has two types of participles: the present participle and the past participle. In other languages, there are others, such as future, perfect, and future perfect participles.


lexentry: eng/particle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: particle
trans_list: cząstka | partykuła
sense:
A very small piece of matter, a fragment; especially, the smallest possible part of something. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/particle__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: particle
trans_list: cząstka | partykuła
sense:
(physics) Any of various physical objects making up the constituent parts of an atom; an elementary particle or subatomic particle. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/particle__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: particle
trans_list: partykuła | cząstka
sense:
(linguistics) A part of speech that has no inherent lexical definition but must be associated with another word to impart meaning, often a grammatical category: for example, the English word to in a full infinitive phrase (to eat) or O in a vocative phrase (O Canada), or as a discourse marker (mmm).


lexentry: eng/particle_accelerator__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: particle accelerator
trans_list: akcelerator cząstek | akcelerator
sense:
A device that accelerates electrically charged particles to extremely high speeds, for the purpose of inducing high energy reactions or producing high energy radiation.


lexentry: eng/particle_board__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: particle board
trans_list: płyta wiórowa
sense:
(US, Canada, AU) a structural material manufactured from wood particles (such as chips and shavings) by pressing, and binding through resin


lexentry: eng/particulate_matter__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: particulate matter
trans_list: cząstki stałe | pył zawieszony
sense:
Any solid or liquid in a finely subdivided state, especially when considered as an atmospheric pollutant.


lexentry: eng/partisan__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: partisan
trans_list: partyzana | kapralski kij
sense:
(historical) A long-handled spear with a triangular, double-edged blade having lateral projections, in some forms also used in boar hunting.


lexentry: eng/partner__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: partner
trans_list: partner | partnerka
sense:
(nautical) One of the pieces of wood comprising the framework which strengthens the deck of a wooden ship around the holes through which the mast and other fittings pass.


lexentry: eng/partner__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: partner
trans_list: partner | partnerka
sense:
(Jamaica) A group financial arrangement in which each member contributes a set amount of money over a set period.


lexentry: eng/partridge__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: partridge
trans_list: kuropatwa
sense:
(ornithology) Any bird of a number of genera in the family Phasianidae, notably in the genera Perdix and Alectoris.


lexentry: eng/party__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: party
trans_list: partia
sense:
(now, rare, _, in general sense) A group of people forming one side in a given dispute, contest etc.


lexentry: eng/party_animal__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: party animal
trans_list: balangowicz | balangowiczka | imprezowicz | imprezowiczka
sense:
(idiomatic) A person known for frequent, enthusiastic attendance at parties, especially one whose partying behavior is exuberant or excessive.


lexentry: eng/parvenu__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: parvenu
trans_list: dorobkiewicz | nowobogacki | nuworysz | parweniusz
sense:
A person who has risen, climbed up, or has been promoted to a higher social class, especially through acquisition of wealth, privileges, or political authority but has not gained social acceptance by those within that new class.


lexentry: eng/pascal__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pascal
trans_list: paskal
sense:
In the International System of Units, the derived unit of pressure and stress; one newton per square metre. Symbol: Pa.


lexentry: eng/pasha__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pasha
trans_list: basza | pasza | pascha
sense:
(historical) A high-ranking Turkish military officer, especially as a commander or regional governor; the highest honorary title during the Ottoman Empire.


lexentry: eng/pasque_flower__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pasque flower
trans_list: sasanka
sense:
Any of various deciduous perennial flowering plants, of the genus Pulsatilla, found in clumps in certain grassland areas.


lexentry: eng/pass__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pass
trans_list: przełęcz
sense:
An opening, road, or track, available for passing; especially, one through or over some dangerous or otherwise impracticable barrier such as a mountain range; a passageway; a defile; a ford.


lexentry: eng/pass__Noun__1
sense_num: 13
written_rep: pass
trans_list: przepustka
sense:
A document granting permission to pass or to go and come; a passport; a ticket permitting free transit or admission


lexentry: eng/pass__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pass
trans_list: podawać | podać
sense:
(ditransitive) To cause to move or go; to send; to transfer from one person, place, or condition to another.


lexentry: eng/pass__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pass
trans_list: przebrnąć | przejść
sense:
(transitive) To cause to advance by stages of progress; to carry on with success through an ordeal, examination, or action; specifically, to give legal or official sanction to; to ratify; to enact; to approve as valid and just.


lexentry: eng/passacaglia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: passacaglia
trans_list: passacaglia
sense:
(music genre) A form of historical Spanish or Italian dance characterised by a serious nature, triple metre, and use of a ground bass.


lexentry: eng/passenger_seat__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: passenger seat
trans_list: siedzenie pasażera
sense:
(automotive) A seat in a vehicle for a passenger, especially the front seat next to the driver in a motor vehicle.


lexentry: eng/passing_loop__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: passing loop
trans_list: mijanka
sense:
(rail) On a single-track railway or tramway, an extra track provided at a certain place to allow two trains travelling in opposite directions to pass each other. It can also allow a faster train to overtake a slower one.


lexentry: eng/passion__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: passion
trans_list: męka | pasja
sense:
(Christianity, usually capitalized) The suffering of Jesus leading up to and during his crucifixion.


lexentry: eng/passionflower__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: passionflower
trans_list: męczennica | passiflora
sense:
Any of very many vines, in North America and elsewhere, of the genus Passiflora that bear edible fruit called passion fruit, and showy flowers of a structure symbolic of the Passion of Christ.


lexentry: eng/passive_participle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: passive participle
trans_list: imiesłów przymiotnikowy bierny
sense:
(grammar) A participle indicating an ongoing or completed action or state in the passive voice, where a noun modified by the participle is taken to represent the patient of the action denoted by the verb.


lexentry: eng/passive_vocabulary__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: passive vocabulary
trans_list: słownik bierny
sense:
The words and phrases, collectively, that someone understands in speech and writing but does not commonly use.


lexentry: eng/passport__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: passport
trans_list: paszport
sense:
An official document normally used for international journeys, which proves the identity and nationality of the person for whom it was issued.


lexentry: eng/password__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: password
trans_list: hasło | parol
sense:
(military, security) A word relayed to a person to gain admittance to a place or to gain access to information.


lexentry: eng/password__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: password
trans_list: hasło
sense:
(computing, cryptography) A string of characters used to log in to a computer or network, to access a level in a video game, and so on; archetypally a word#Noun but nowadays often an alphanumeric#Adjective string or a phrase#Noun.


lexentry: eng/past__Adjective__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: past
trans_list: przeszłość
sense:
(grammar) Of a tense, expressing action that has already happened or a previously-existing state. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/past_historic_tense__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: past historic tense
trans_list: czas przeszły
sense:
(grammar) A tense used in some languages (such as French and Italian) in narrative, and in spoken language primarily when reading narrative or in storytelling, for completed actions in the past or in speaking of the dead. It is semantically the same as the simple past in many languages, including English.


lexentry: eng/past_perfect__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: past perfect
trans_list: czas zaprzeszły
sense:
A tense which describes actions that occurred before another action or event in the past; the pluperfect or the past anterior tense.


lexentry: eng/past_tense__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: past tense
trans_list: czas przeszły
sense:
(grammar) A grammatical form (often a verb form) that refers to an event, transaction, occurrence, or object that happened (or had happened), or existed, at some time before now (the applicable reference time).


lexentry: eng/pasta__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pasta
trans_list: makaron
sense:
(uncountable) Dough made from wheat and water and sometimes mixed with egg and formed into various shapes; often sold in dried form and typically boiled for eating.


lexentry: eng/paste__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: paste
trans_list: wklejać
sense:
(transitive, computing) To insert a piece of media (e.g. text, picture, audio, video) previously copied or cut from somewhere else.


lexentry: eng/pasteurisation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pasteurisation
trans_list: pasteryzacja
sense:
(British spelling) Heat-treatment of a perishable food to destroy heat-sensitive vegetative cells followed by immediate cooling to limit growth of the surviving cells and germination of spores.


lexentry: eng/pasteurize__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pasteurize
trans_list: pasteryzować
sense:
(transitive) To heat food for the purpose of killing harmful organisms such as bacteria, viruses, protozoa, molds, and yeasts.


lexentry: eng/pastiche__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pastiche
trans_list: pastisz
sense:
A work of art, drama, literature, music, or architecture that imitates the work of a previous artist.


lexentry: eng/pastille__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: pastille
trans_list: pastylka
sense:
A candy- or sweet-like lozenge, which, when sucked, releases substances that soothe a sore throat, and sometimes vapours to help unblock the nose or sinuses.


lexentry: eng/pastoral__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: pastoral
trans_list: pastoralny | duszpasterski | pasterski
sense:
Relating to the care of souls, to the pastor of a church or to any local religious leader charged with the service of individual parishioners, i.e. a priest or rabbi.


lexentry: eng/pastoral__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pastoral
trans_list: sielanka
sense:
A poem describing the life and manners of shepherds; a poem in which the speakers assume the character of shepherds; an idyll; a bucolic.


lexentry: eng/patch__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: patch
trans_list: łata | łatka
sense:
A piece of cloth, or other suitable material, sewed or otherwise fixed upon a garment to repair or strengthen it, especially upon an old garment to cover a hole.


lexentry: eng/patch__Noun__1
sense_num: 12
written_rep: patch
trans_list: łata
sense:
(computing) A patch file, a file that describes changes to be made to a computer file or files, usually changes made to a computer program that fix a programming bug.


lexentry: eng/patch__Noun__1
sense_num: 14
written_rep: patch
trans_list: flejtuch
sense:
(firearms) A piece of greased cloth or leather used as wrapping for a rifle ball, to make it fit the bore.


lexentry: eng/patch_file__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: patch file
trans_list: łata
sense:
(computing) A file containing changes to be applied to another file or files, usually changes made to a computer program that fix a programming bug.


lexentry: eng/patchouli__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: patchouli
trans_list: paczulka
sense:
Any of several East Indian plants in the genus Pogostemon, especially Pogostemon cablin, which yield a highly fragrant oil.


lexentry: eng/patchwork_quilt__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: patchwork quilt
trans_list: patchwork
sense:
(literally) A decorative quilt made of pieces of cloth having diverse sizes, colors, and shapes, sewn together either to form a regular pattern or in a deliberately mismatched fashion without a pattern.


lexentry: eng/patent__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: patent
trans_list: patent
sense:
A declaration issued by a government agency that the inventor of a new invention has the sole privilege of making, selling, or using the claimed invention for a specified period.


lexentry: eng/patent__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: patent
trans_list: opatentować | patentować
sense:
To (successfully) register (a new invention) with a government agency to obtain the sole privilege of its manufacture, sale, and use for a specified period.


lexentry: eng/patent_troll__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: patent troll
trans_list: troll patentowy
sense:
(patent law, informal, derogatory) A company, person, etc., that owns and enforces patents in an aggressive and opportunistic manner, often with no intention of producing, marketing, or promoting the subjects of the patents.


lexentry: eng/paternal_grandfather__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paternal grandfather
trans_list: dziadek ojczysty | dziadek po mieczu
sense:
Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see paternal,‎ grandfather. (This entry is a translation hub.)


lexentry: eng/paternal_grandmother__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paternal grandmother
trans_list: babcia
sense:
Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see paternal,‎ grandmother. (This entry is a translation hub.)


lexentry: eng/paternoster__Noun__1
sense_num: 08
written_rep: paternoster
trans_list: Ojcze Nasz
sense:
(archaic) A patent medicine, so named because salesmen would pray the Lord's Prayer over it before selling it.


lexentry: eng/path__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: path
trans_list: ścieżka
sense:
(computing) A human-readable specification for a location within a hierarchical or tree-like structure, such as a file system or as part of a URL.


lexentry: eng/pathogen__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pathogen
trans_list: patogen
sense:
(pathology, immunology) Any organism or substance, especially a microorganism, capable of causing disease, such as bacteria, viruses, protozoa or fungi. Microorganisms are not considered to be pathogenic until they have reached a population size that is large enough to cause disease.


lexentry: eng/pathologist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pathologist
trans_list: patolog
sense:
An expert in pathology; a specialist who examines samples of body tissues for diagnostic or forensic purpose.


lexentry: eng/pathology__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pathology
trans_list: patologia
sense:
(academic, _, medicine) The academic biomedical specialty that advances the aspects of the biomedical sciences that allow for those clinical applications and their advancements over time.


lexentry: eng/pathology__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pathology
trans_list: patologia
sense:
Pathosis: any deviation from a healthy or normal structure or function; abnormality; illness or malformation.


lexentry: eng/pathos__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pathos
trans_list: patos
sense:
The quality or property of anything which touches the feelings or excites emotions and passions, especially that which awakens tender emotions, such as pity, sorrow, and the like; contagious warmth of feeling, action, or expression; pathetic quality.


lexentry: eng/pathway__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pathway
trans_list: droga
sense:
(biochemistry) A sequence of biochemical compounds, and the reactions linking them, that describe a process in metabolism or catabolism.


lexentry: eng/patient__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: patient
trans_list: pacjens
sense:
(linguistics, grammar) The noun or noun phrase that is semantically on the receiving end of a verb's action.


lexentry: eng/patina__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: patina
trans_list: patyna | śniedź | patena
sense:
The colour or incrustation which age and wear give to (mainly metallic) objects; especially, the green rust which covers works of art such as ancient bronzes, coins and medals.


lexentry: eng/patriarch__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: patriarch
trans_list: patriarcha
sense:
(Christianity) The highest form of bishop, in the ancient world having authority over other bishops in the province but now generally as an honorary title; in Roman Catholicism, considered a bishop second only to the Pope in rank. [from 9th c.]


lexentry: eng/patriarchy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: patriarchy
trans_list: patriarchat
sense:
(anthropology, history) A social system in which the father is head of the household, having authority over women and children, and in which lineage is traced through the male line.


lexentry: eng/patrician__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: patrician
trans_list: patrycjusz | patrycjuszka
sense:
(Ancient Rome) A member of any of the families constituting the populus Romanus, or body of Roman citizens, before the development of the plebeian order; later, one who, by right of birth or by special privilege conferred, belonged to the senior class of Romans, who, with certain property, had by right a seat in the Roman Senate.


lexentry: eng/patriotic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: patriotic
trans_list: patriotyczny
sense:
Inspired by or showing patriotism; done out of love of one's country; zealously and unselfishly devoted to the service of one's country


lexentry: eng/patriotism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: patriotism
trans_list: patriotyzm
sense:
Love of one's country; devotion to the welfare of one's compatriots; passion which inspires one to serve one's country.


lexentry: eng/patrol__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: patrol
trans_list: patrol
sense:
(military) A going of the rounds along the chain of sentinels and between the posts, by a guard, usually consisting of three or four men, to insure greater security from attacks on the outposts.


lexentry: eng/patrol__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: patrol
trans_list: patrol
sense:
(military) A movement, by a small body of troops beyond the line of outposts, to explore the country and gain intelligence of the enemy's whereabouts.


lexentry: eng/patron_saint__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: patron saint
trans_list: święty patron
sense:
(Christianity) A saint conceived as the patron (protector or supporter) of a particular place, group, person, or activity, for whom or for which his or her intercession is specially invoked.


lexentry: eng/patronage__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: patronage
trans_list: klientyzm
sense:
(politics) Granting favours or giving contracts or making appointments to office in return for political support.


lexentry: eng/patronize__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: patronize
trans_list: wywyższać się
sense:
(transitive) To assume a tone of unjustified superiority toward; to talk down to, to treat condescendingly.


lexentry: eng/patronymic__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: patronymic
trans_list: patronim
sense:
(by extension) A name acquired from one's father's, grandfather's or earlier (male) ancestor's first name. Some cultures use a patronymic where other cultures use a surname or family name; other cultures (like Russia) use both a patronymic and a surname.


lexentry: eng/patsy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: patsy
trans_list: frajer
sense:
(informal, derogatory) A person who is taken advantage of, especially by being cheated or blamed for something.


lexentry: eng/pattern__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pattern
trans_list: wykrój
sense:
(textiles) The paper or cardboard template from which the parts of a garment are traced onto fabric prior to cutting out and assembling.


lexentry: eng/patty__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: patty
trans_list: hamburger | kotlet mielony
sense:
(US, Australia, New Zealand) A flattened portion of ground meat or a vegetarian equivalent, usually round but sometimes square in shape.


lexentry: eng/pattypan_squash__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pattypan squash
trans_list: patison
sense:
A summer squash of the species Cucurbita pepo, notable for its small size, round and shallow shape, and scalloped edges, which cause it to somewhat resemble a small toy top or a flying saucer.


lexentry: eng/pauldron__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pauldron
trans_list: pacha
sense:
A component of plate armor that protects the shoulder, generally covering more than a spaulder, also protecting the armpit and overlapping with other armor over the upper chest and back.


lexentry: eng/pave__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pave
trans_list: brukować
sense:
(Canada, US) To cover with stone, concrete, blacktop or other solid covering, especially to aid travel.


lexentry: eng/pavement__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: pavement
trans_list: bruk | nawierzchnia drogi
sense:
(now, chiefly, North America) A paving (paved part) of a road or other thoroughfare; the roadway or road surface. [from 13th c.]


lexentry: eng/pavis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pavis
trans_list: pawęż
sense:
(military, history) A very large shield, like a small moveable wall, carried in front to protect all or most of the bearer's body, often with a projecting ridge running vertically down the center.


lexentry: eng/paw__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paw
trans_list: łapa
sense:
The soft foot of a mammal or other animal, generally a quadruped, that has claws or nails; comparable to a human hand or foot.


lexentry: eng/pawa__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pawa
trans_list: słuchotka | ucho morskie
sense:
(New Zealand) An edible univalve mollusc of the genus Haliotis, having a shell lined with mother-of-pearl.


lexentry: eng/pawl__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pawl
trans_list: zapadka
sense:
A pivoted catch designed to fall into a notch on a ratchet wheel so as to allow movement in only one direction (e.g. on a windlass or in a clock mechanism), or alternatively to move the wheel in one direction.


lexentry: eng/pawn__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pawn
trans_list: pionek | pion
sense:
(chess) The most numerous chess piece, or a similar piece in a similar game. In chess, each side starts with eight; moves are only forward, and attacks are only diagonally or en passant.


lexentry: eng/pawnbroker__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pawnbroker
trans_list: lombardzista
sense:
A person who makes monetary loans at interest, taking personal property as security – which may be sold if not redeemed.


lexentry: eng/paximadi__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paximadi
trans_list: grzanka
sense:
Various forms of Greek rusk, made commonly from barley or chickpea flour, and softened with wine, water or oil before eating.


lexentry: eng/pay_grade__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pay grade
trans_list: ranga
sense:
(figuratively) Level of authority or responsibility (since pay rate, authority and responsibility generally increase similarly).


lexentry: eng/payment__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: payment
trans_list: zapłata
sense:
(countable) An instance of that act; a sum of money paid in exchange#Noun for goods or services, or the transaction#Noun that conveys it.


lexentry: eng/payment_card__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: payment card
trans_list: karta płatnicza
sense:
(banking) A card, such as a credit card or debit card, which can be used for payment of goods or services.


lexentry: eng/payment_order__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: payment order
trans_list: asygnata
sense:
(finance, chiefly, banking) An instruction from a sender to a receiving bank, transmitted orally, electronically, or in writing, to pay, or to cause another bank to pay a fixed and determinable amount of money to a beneficiary.


lexentry: eng/payola__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: payola
trans_list: łapówka
sense:
(US) A bribe given in exchange for a favor, such as one given in exchange for the promotion of goods or services (originally one given to a disk jockey to play a record).


lexentry: eng/payphone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: payphone
trans_list: automat | automat telefoniczny | telefon samoinkasujący
sense:
A public telephone that requires prepayment to operate, generally via the insertion of coins or a credit card.


lexentry: eng/payslip__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: payslip
trans_list: pasek wynagrodzenia
sense:
A small document, included with an employee's wage or salary, giving details of money earned and tax and insurance paid.


lexentry: eng/paywall__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: paywall
trans_list: paywall
sense:
(informal, computing) A feature of a website, application or service that only allows access to certain content or functions upon payment.


lexentry: eng/peace_pipe__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peace pipe
trans_list: fajka pokoju
sense:
A tobacco pipe smoked ceremonially in certain Native American cultures that symbolizes peace among those who smoke it, and among whom it is passed around from person to person.


lexentry: eng/peace_talks__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peace talks
trans_list: rozmowy pokojowe
sense:
A series of formal discussions between two or more nation-states or groups of people held to resolve existing conflict between them.


lexentry: eng/peaceable__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peaceable
trans_list: bezkonfliktowy
sense:
Favouring peace rather than conflict; not aggressive, tending to avoid violence (of people, actions etc.). [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/peacekeeping__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peacekeeping
trans_list: utrzymywanie pokoju
sense:
The act of preserving peace, specifically between hostile groups or states, especially by a sanctioned military force. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/peach__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peach
trans_list: brzoskwinia
sense:
A tree (Prunus persica), native to China and now widely cultivated throughout temperate regions, having pink flowers and edible fruit.


lexentry: eng/peach__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: peach
trans_list: brzoskwinia
sense:
The soft juicy stone fruit of the peach tree, having yellow flesh, downy, red-tinted yellow skin, and a deeply sculptured pit or stone containing a single seed.


lexentry: eng/peafowl__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peafowl
trans_list: paw
sense:
A pheasant of the genus Pavo or Afropavo, notable for the extravagant tails of the males; a peacock (unspecified sex).


lexentry: eng/peal__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peal
trans_list: grzmot
sense:
A loud sound, or a succession of loud sounds, as of bells, thunder, cannon, shouts, laughter, of a multitude, etc.


lexentry: eng/pearl__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pearl
trans_list: perła
sense:
A shelly concretion, usually rounded, and having a brilliant luster, with varying tints, found in the mantle, or between the mantle and shell, of certain bivalve mollusks, especially in the pearl oysters and river mussels, and sometimes in certain univalves. It is usually due to a secretion of shelly substance around some irritating foreign particle. Its substance is the same as nacre, or mother-of-pearl. Round lustrous pearls are used in jewellery.


lexentry: eng/pearl__Noun__1
sense_num: 09
written_rep: pearl
trans_list: perła
sense:
(uncountable, typography, printing, dated) The size of type between diamond and agate, standardized as 5-point.


lexentry: eng/peasant__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peasant
trans_list: chłop | włościanin | chłopka | włościanka
sense:
A member of the lowly social class that toils on the land, constituted by small farmers and tenants, sharecroppers, farmhands and other laborers on the land where they form the main labor force in agriculture and horticulture.


lexentry: eng/peat__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peat
trans_list: torf
sense:
Soil formed of dead but not fully decayed plants found in bog areas, often burned as fuel. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/pecking_order__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pecking order
trans_list: porządek dziobania
sense:
The usually informal hierarchy of authority or command, often partial or approximate, as determined by the especially natural propensity for domination of different members of a specific group over each other, such as older brothers and sisters over their younger siblings.


lexentry: eng/pectin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pectin
trans_list: pektyna
sense:
(carbohydrate) A polysaccharide extracted from the cell walls of plants, especially of fruits; under acidic conditions it forms a gel. It is often used in processed foods, especially jellies and jams where it causes thickening (setting).


lexentry: eng/pectoral_sandpiper__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pectoral sandpiper
trans_list: biegus arktyczny
sense:
Calidris melanotos, a small migratory wader that breeds in North America and Asia, wintering in South America and Oceania, and eats small invertebrates.


lexentry: eng/pedal__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pedal
trans_list: pedał
sense:
A lever operated by one's foot that is used to control or power a machine or mechanism, such as a bicycle or piano


lexentry: eng/pedal_pushers__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pedal pushers
trans_list: rybaczki
sense:
(originally, US) Women's casual trousers, usually fairly form-fitting, that end at the calves. [from mid 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/pedalo__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pedalo
trans_list: rower wodny
sense:
(UK, watercraft) A small boat propelled by pedals that directly turn external paddles, used for recreation.


lexentry: eng/pedelec__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pedelec
trans_list: Pedelec
sense:
(informal) A bicycle with an electric motor which assists the rider but only while they are pedalling.


lexentry: eng/pedestrian_precinct__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pedestrian precinct
trans_list: deptak | strefa dla pieszych
sense:
An area in a town or city intended for pedestrians only, where vehicles (in particular motor vehicles) are not normally allowed.


lexentry: eng/pediatric__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pediatric
trans_list: pediatryczny
sense:
(American spelling) Of or pertaining to pediatrics, the branch of medicine dealing with the care and treatment of children.


lexentry: eng/pediatrician__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pediatrician
trans_list: pediatra
sense:
(American spelling) A physician that specializes in pediatrics; the medical care of infants, children, adolescents, and young adults.


lexentry: eng/pediatrics__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pediatrics
trans_list: pediatria
sense:
(American spelling, medicine) The branch of medicine that deals with the treatment of children and adolescents.


lexentry: eng/pedicel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pedicel
trans_list: szypułka
sense:
(botany) A stalk of an individual flower (or fruit, e.g., once fertilised); a stalk bearing a single flower or spore-producing body within a cluster.


lexentry: eng/pedigree__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pedigree
trans_list: rodowód
sense:
A chart, list, or record of ancestors, to show breeding, especially distinguished breeding. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/pediment__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pediment
trans_list: fronton | przyczółek
sense:
(architectural element) A classical architectural element consisting of a triangular section or gable found above the horizontal superstructure (entablature) which lies immediately upon the columns; fronton.


lexentry: eng/pedipalp__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pedipalp
trans_list: szczękonóżka
sense:
(zoology) Either of a second pair of appendages near the mouth of many arachnids, variously specialized as pincers, sensory or locomotory organs.


lexentry: eng/pedology__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pedology
trans_list: gleboznawstwo
sense:
The sub-discipline of soil science that: studies soils as a component of natural systems or deals with soil genesis and soil classification or studies the soil profile or solum in its natural setting.


lexentry: eng/pedometer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pedometer
trans_list: krokomierz
sense:
A device, often electronic, that measures the number of steps taken, and thus estimates the distance walked.


lexentry: eng/pedophile__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pedophile
trans_list: pedofil
sense:
(by extension, common use) An adult who is sexually attracted to or engages in sexual acts with a child.


lexentry: eng/pedophilia__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pedophilia
trans_list: pedofilia
sense:
(by extension, proscribed) Sexual activity between adults and children; the act of child molestation.


lexentry: eng/pedosexual__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pedosexual
trans_list: pedoseksualny
sense:
(uncommon, of an act or behavior) Being or constituting pedosexuality, sexual activity between an adult and a child.


lexentry: eng/peekaboo__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peekaboo
trans_list: a kuku
sense:
(games) A game for a small child in which one covers one's face, then suddenly reveals it, saying "Boo!" or "Peekaboo!".


lexentry: eng/peel__Noun__3
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peel
trans_list: lofer | łopata
sense:
A shovel or similar instrument, now especially a pole with a flat disc at the end used for removing pizza or loaves of bread from a baker's oven.


lexentry: eng/peel_off__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peel off
trans_list: złuszczać
sense:
(intransitive) To separate off from the main body, to move off to one side; as in troop movements on a parade ground or an organized retreat, or columns in a procession.


lexentry: eng/peephole__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peephole
trans_list: judasz | wizjer
sense:
A small hole, opening, or piece of glass, especially in a door, through which one can look without being seen.


lexentry: eng/peeping_tom__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peeping tom
trans_list: podglądacz
sense:
A person who watches another without the other's permission and usually without the other's knowledge, especially for the purpose of deriving sexual pleasure from the sight of the other.


lexentry: eng/peer__Noun__2
sense_num: 03
written_rep: peer
trans_list: par
sense:
A noble with a title, i.e., a peerage, and in times past, with certain rights and privileges not enjoyed by commoners.


lexentry: eng/peer_review__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peer review
trans_list: recenzowanie
sense:
(education) The scholarly process whereby manuscripts intended to be published in an academic journal are reviewed by independent researchers (referees) to evaluate the contribution, i.e. the importance, novelty and accuracy of the manuscript's contents.


lexentry: eng/peignoir__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peignoir
trans_list: peniuar
sense:
A long outer garment for women, usually sheer and made of chiffon and often sold with matching nightgown, negligee or underwear


lexentry: eng/pejoratively__Adverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pejoratively
trans_list: lekceważąco
sense:
In a pejorative manner. Insultingly, disparagingly; so as to belittle another or harm their reputation.


lexentry: eng/pellagra__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pellagra
trans_list: pelagra
sense:
(pathology) A disease characterised by skin lesions and mental confusion, primarily caused by a niacin deficiency. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/peloton__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peloton
trans_list: peleton
sense:
(cycle racing) A group of riders formed during a cycling road race; especially, the main group of riders; the pack.


lexentry: eng/pelt__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pelt
trans_list: skóra
sense:
The skin of an animal with the hair or wool on; either a raw or undressed hide, or a skin preserved with the hair or wool on it (sometimes worn as a garment with minimal modification).


lexentry: eng/pelvic_floor__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pelvic floor
trans_list: przepona miednicy
sense:
(anatomy) A muscular partition, formed by the muscle fibers of the levator ani, the coccygeus, and associated connective tissue, which spans the area underneath the pelvis.


lexentry: eng/pelvis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pelvis
trans_list: miednica
sense:
(anatomy) The large compound bone structure at the base of the spine that supports the legs. It consists of hip bone, sacrum and coccyx.


lexentry: eng/pemmican__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pemmican
trans_list: pemikan
sense:
A food made from meat which has been dried and beaten into a paste, mixed with berries and rendered fat, and shaped into little patties. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/pen__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pen
trans_list: pióro | długopis
sense:
A tool, originally made from a feather but now usually a small tubular instrument, containing ink used to write or make marks.


lexentry: eng/penalty__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: penalty
trans_list: kara
sense:
(ice hockey) A punishment for an infraction of the rules, often in the form of being removed from play for a specified amount of time.


lexentry: eng/penalty_area__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: penalty area
trans_list: pole karne
sense:
(football, futsal) An area of a pitch or field, inside which a penalty is given to the offensive team if a foul is made by the defensive team.


lexentry: eng/penalty_box__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: penalty box
trans_list: bosman
sense:
(ice hockey) An enclosed bench where a player must remain for timed period (a penalty) that is assessed after an infraction.


lexentry: eng/penalty_goal__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
sense: (ice hockey, soccer, rugby) A goal scored from a penalty.
written_rep: penalty goal
trans_list:
bramka strzelona z rzutu karnego | bramka z rzutu karnego | bramka zdobyta z rzutu karnego | gol strzelony z rzutu karnego | gol z rzutu karnego | gol zdobyty z rzutu karnego


lexentry: eng/penalty_kick__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: penalty kick
trans_list: rzut karny
sense:
(soccer) A form of direct free kick, taken from the penalty spot after a defensive foul in the penalty box, with only the goalkeeper defending the goal.


lexentry: eng/penalty_shootout__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: penalty shootout
trans_list: seria rzutów karnych
sense:
(football, field hockey) A series of penalties (penalty kicks in soccer), taken to decide a winner after a game has resulted in a tie and extra time has been played.


lexentry: eng/penalty_shot__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: penalty shot
trans_list: rzut karny
sense:
(ice hockey) A penalty awarded when a team loses a clear scoring opportunity on a breakaway because of a foul committed by an opposing player. A player from the non-offending team is given an attempt to score a goal without opposition from any defending players except the goaltender.


lexentry: eng/penance__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: penance
trans_list: pokuta
sense:
A voluntary self-imposed punishment for a sinful act or wrongdoing. It may be intended to serve as reparation for the act.


lexentry: eng/pencil__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pencil
trans_list: ołówek
sense:
A writing utensil with a graphite (commonly referred to as lead) shaft, usually blended with clay, clad in wood, and sharpened to a taper. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/pencil_lead__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pencil lead
trans_list: cera
sense:
The material (usually black or dark gray) which allows a pencil to work. Usually a mixture of graphite and smaller amounts of other material, but not actual lead.


lexentry: eng/pencil_pusher__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pencil pusher
trans_list: biurokrata | gryzipiórek | urzędas | zarękawek
sense:
(informal, often, derogatory) One who does routine office work; someone involved mainly in paperwork.


lexentry: eng/pendant__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pendant
trans_list: wisiorek | brelok | wisior
sense:
A piece of jewellery which hangs down as an ornament, especially worn on a chain around the neck. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/pendeloque__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pendeloque
trans_list: kapka
sense:
(also, attributive) A drop-shaped diamond or other gem used as a pendant; also, a piece of jewellery in pendant form. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/pendentive__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pendentive
trans_list: pendentyw
sense:
(architecture) The concave triangular sections of vaulting that provide the transition between a dome and the square base on which it is set and transfer the weight of the dome.


lexentry: eng/penduline_tit__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: penduline tit
trans_list: remizy
sense:
Any of the family of small passerine birds Remizidae, which nearly all make nests which hang from trees; found in Eurasia, Africa, and North America.


lexentry: eng/pendulum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pendulum
trans_list: wahadło
sense:
(clocks, mechanics) A body suspended from a fixed support so that it swings freely back and forth under the influence of gravity, commonly used to regulate various devices such as clocks.


lexentry: eng/penguin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: penguin
trans_list: pingwin | bezlotek
sense:
Any of several flightless sea birds, of order Sphenisciformes, found in the Southern Hemisphere, marked by their usual upright stance, walking on short legs, and (generally) their stark black and white plumage. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/penicillin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: penicillin
trans_list: penicylina
sense:
(pharmaceutical drug) Any of a group of narrow-spectrum antibiotics obtained from Penicillium molds or synthesized, that have a beta-lactam structure and are active against gram-positive bacteria and used in the treatment of various infections and diseases.


lexentry: eng/penitente__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: penitente
trans_list: penitent
sense:
A tall thin blade of hardened snow or ice, found closely spaced in large quantities at high altitudes.


lexentry: eng/penny__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: penny
trans_list: pens
sense:
(historical) In the United Kingdom and Ireland, a unit of currency worth 1⁄240 of a pound sterling or Irish pound before decimalisation, or a copper coin worth this amount. Abbreviation: d.


lexentry: eng/penny_for_your_thoughts__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: penny for your thoughts
trans_list: grosik za twoje myśli
sense:
(idiomatic) Used to inquire into the thoughts and feelings of another, especially when the person appears pensive or conflicted.


lexentry: eng/pension__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pension
trans_list: emerytura
sense:
An annuity paid regularly as benefit due to a retired employee, serviceman etc. in consideration of past services, originally and chiefly by a government but also by various private pension schemes. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/pension__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pension
trans_list: pensjonat
sense:
A boarding house or small hotel, especially in continental Europe, which typically offers lodging and certain meals and services. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/pentagram__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pentagram
trans_list: pentagram | gwiazda pitagorejska
sense:
The shape of a five-pointed star constructed of five intersecting lines meeting at the vertices, such that a central pentagon and five surrounding isosceles triangles are formed; often with magical connotations; a 5/2 (or 5/3) star polygon.


lexentry: eng/pentakis_dodecahedron__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pentakis dodecahedron
trans_list: dwunastościan Pentakisa
sense:
(mathematics) A Catalan solid equivalent to a dodecahedron with a pentagonal pyramid covering each face


lexentry: eng/pentalogy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pentalogy
trans_list: pentalogia
sense:
A set of five works of art that are connected, and that can be seen either as a single work or as five individual works.


lexentry: eng/pentane__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pentane
trans_list: pentan
sense:
(organic compound) An aliphatic hydrocarbon of chemical formula C5H12; either of the three isomers n-pentane, methyl-butane (isopentane), and di-methyl-propane (neopentane); volatile liquids under normal conditions.


lexentry: eng/pentaquark__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pentaquark
trans_list: pentakwark
sense:
(particle) Any of a class of subatomic particles (previously hypothetical, since detected, subject to confirmation) consisting of a group of five quarks (compared to three quarks in normal baryons and two in mesons), or more specifically four quarks and one antiquark (symbol Θ).


lexentry: eng/pentathlon__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: pentathlon
trans_list: pięciobój
sense:
(athletics) Ellipsis of modern pentathlon.; a discipline with five events based on late-19th century basic military skills


lexentry: eng/penthouse__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: penthouse
trans_list: przybudówka
sense:
(now, historical) A structure or annexe (especially one with a sloping roof) extending from the side of a building, sometimes as protection from the weather. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/pentimento__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pentimento
trans_list: pentimento
sense:
(art, literature) The presence of traces of a previous work in an artistic or literary work; especially (painting) an image which has been painted over but is still detectable.


lexentry: eng/penultimate__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: penultimate
trans_list: przedostatni
sense:
(UK, in, _, US, _, usually, formal) Next to last, second to last; immediately preceding the end of a sequence, list, etc.


lexentry: eng/peonage__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peonage
trans_list: peonaż
sense:
The state of being a peon; the system of paying back debt through servitude and labour; loosely, any system of involuntary servitude.


lexentry: eng/people's__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: people's
trans_list: ludowy | narodowy
sense:
In certain socialist states: of, from, or controlled (at least in name) by the common people rather than a ruling elite.


lexentry: eng/people__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: people
trans_list: lud | naród
sense:
(countable, collective) Persons forming or belonging to a particular group, such as a nation, class, ethnic group, country, family, etc.


lexentry: eng/people__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: people
trans_list: ludzie | naród
sense:
A group of persons regarded as being servants, followers, companions or subjects of a ruler or leader.


lexentry: eng/people__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: people
trans_list: lud | naród
sense:
The mass of a community as distinguished from a special class (elite); the commonalty; the populace; the vulgar; the common crowd; the citizens.


lexentry: eng/people_person__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: people person
trans_list: towarzyska osoba
sense:
(idiomatic) One who interacts skilfully with other people and who receives satisfaction from such interaction.


lexentry: eng/people_who_live_in_glass_houses_shouldn't_throw_stones__Proverb__1
sense_num: 01
sense: Do not criticize others if you have similar weaknesses yourself.
written_rep: people who live in glass houses shouldn't throw stones
trans_list:
nie sądźcie, a nie będziecie sądzeni | źdźbło w oku bliźniego widzisz, a belki w swoim nie dostrzegasz


lexentry: eng/pepo__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pepo
trans_list: dynia
sense:
A fruit of plants of the gourd family Cucurbitaceae, possessing a hard rind and producing many seeds in a single, central, pulpy chamber.


lexentry: eng/pepper__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: pepper
trans_list: papryka | chili | papryka ostra
sense:
(UK, US, Ireland, and, Canada) A bell pepper, a fruit of the capsicum plant: red, green, yellow or white, hollow and containing seeds, and in very spicy and mild varieties.


lexentry: eng/pepper_mill__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pepper mill
trans_list: młynek do pieprzu
sense:
A small handheld grinder containing a supply of peppercorns for grinding fresh at the table or in the kitchen.


lexentry: eng/pepper_shaker__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pepper shaker
trans_list: pieprzniczka
sense:
A small container designed to hold pepper and facilitate sprinkling it on food for seasoning purposes.


lexentry: eng/peppercorn__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peppercorn
trans_list: pieprz
sense:
The seeds of the plant Piper nigrum. Commonly used as a spice, usually but not always ground or crushed.


lexentry: eng/peppermint__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peppermint
trans_list: mięta pieprzowa
sense:
A hybrid herb of the mint family (Mentha × piperita), formed by crossing watermint and spearmint, which has a high menthol content and a sharp flavor and is used in cooking, especially in herb teas and in confections. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/peppermint__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: peppermint
trans_list: mięta pieprzowa | miętówka
sense:
(countable) Any of various sweets containing extract of the peppermint herb; peppermint confectionery. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/pepperwort__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pepperwort
trans_list: pieprzyca
sense:
Any of several species of perennial plant in the genus Lepidium (originally specifically dittander, species Lepidium latifolium), which is a member of the mustard and cabbage family. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/pepsin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pepsin
trans_list: pepsyna
sense:
(enzyme) A digestive enzyme that chemically digests, or breaks down, proteins into shorter chains of amino acids.


lexentry: eng/peptide__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peptide
trans_list: peptyd
sense:
(organic compound) Any of a class of organic compounds consisting of various numbers of amino acids in which the amine of one is reacted with the carboxylic acid of the next to form an amide bond.


lexentry: eng/peptide_bond__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peptide bond
trans_list: wiązanie peptydowe
sense:
(chemistry) An amide bond formed between the amino and carboxyl functional groups of separate amino acids.


lexentry: eng/per_fess__Adverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: per fess
trans_list: coupé
sense:
(heraldry) (Partitioned) horizontally; (especially) partitioned horizontally into two halves (formally party per fess).


lexentry: eng/per_pale__Adverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: per pale
trans_list: partia
sense:
(heraldry) (Partitioned) vertically; (especially) partitioned vertically into two halves (formally party per pale).


lexentry: eng/percale__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: percale
trans_list: perkal
sense:
(textiles) A fine, closely woven fabric, made from cotton, polyester or a mix of these, and used for sheets and clothing.


lexentry: eng/percentile__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: percentile
trans_list: centyl
sense:
(statistics) Any of the ninety-nine points that divide an ordered distribution into one hundred parts, each containing one per cent of the population.


lexentry: eng/percontation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: percontation
trans_list: ankieta
sense:
(formal, rare, or, obsolete) A question which cannot properly be given a one-word answer like “yes” or “no”. [from early 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/percussion__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: percussion
trans_list: perkusja
sense:
(music) The section of an orchestra or band containing percussion instruments; such instruments considered as a group; in bands, may be separate from drum kits.


lexentry: eng/percussion_cap__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: percussion cap
trans_list: kapiszon
sense:
a metal cap found on muzzleloading firearms that contains chemical substances such as fulminate that explode upon impact


lexentry: eng/percussionist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: percussionist
trans_list: perkusista | bębniarz
sense:
A trained musician who plays percussion instruments, as opposed to a drummer who lacks formal training.


lexentry: eng/peremptory__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: peremptory
trans_list: dogmatyczny | zdecydowany
sense:
Positive in opinion or judgment; absolutely certain, overconfident, unwilling to hear any debate or argument (especially in a pejorative sense); dogmatic.


lexentry: eng/perennial__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: perennial
trans_list: odwieczny
sense:
Continuing without cessation or intermission for several years, or for an undetermined or infinite period; neverending or never failing; perpetual, unceasing.


lexentry: eng/perennial__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: perennial
trans_list: wieloletni
sense:
(botany) Of a plant: active throughout the year, or having a life cycle of more than two growing seasons.


lexentry: eng/perennial__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: perennial
trans_list: bylina | roślina wieloletnia
sense:
(botany) A plant that is active throughout the year, or has a life cycle of more than two growing seasons.


lexentry: eng/perestroika__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: perestroika
trans_list: pieriestrojka | pierestrojka
sense:
(historical, uncountable) A program of political and economic reform carried out in the Soviet Union in the 1980s and early 1990s under the leadership of Mikhail Gorbachev.


lexentry: eng/perfect_fifth__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: perfect fifth
trans_list: kwinta czysta
sense:
(music) An interval equal to that of between the second and third harmonics of the harmonic series. In twelve-tone equal temperament, it spans seven semitones or five degrees of the diatonic scale.


lexentry: eng/perfect_pitch__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: perfect pitch
trans_list: słuch absolutny
sense:
(music, uncountable) The ability to identify a note by name on hearing it, or to re-create a specified note from memory, without the benefit of an externally provided reference pitch.


lexentry: eng/perfect_tense__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: perfect tense
trans_list: doskonały
sense:
A verb form indicating that an action or state has been completed at the present time, in the past, or shall be completed in the future.


lexentry: eng/perfection__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: perfection
trans_list: perfekcja | doskonałość
sense:
The quality or state of being perfect or complete, so that nothing substandard remains; the highest attainable state or degree of excellence


lexentry: eng/perfectionist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: perfectionist
trans_list: perfekcjonista | perfekcjonistka
sense:
Someone who is unwilling to settle for anything that is not perfect or does not meet extremely high standards. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/perfective_aspect__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: perfective aspect
trans_list: aspekt dokonany
sense:
(grammar) A feature of the verb which denotes viewing the event the verb describes as a completed whole, rather than from within the event as it unfolds. For example, "she sat down" as opposed to "she was sitting down". Since the focus is on the completion of what is expressed by the verb, this aspect is generally associated with the past and future tenses. This term is often used interchangeably with aorist aspect. This is not to be confused with the perfect tense.


lexentry: eng/perfidious__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: perfidious
trans_list: perfidny | wiarołomny
sense:
Of, pertaining to, or representing perfidy; disloyal to what should command one's fidelity or allegiance. [from late 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/perform__Verb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: perform
trans_list: wykonać
sense:
(ambitransitive) To do (something) in front of an audience, such as acting or music, often in order to entertain.


lexentry: eng/performance__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: performance
trans_list: wykonanie
sense:
The act of performing; carrying into execution or action; execution; achievement; accomplishment; representation by action.


lexentry: eng/performance_art__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: performance art
trans_list: performans
sense:
(arts) A form of art in which the artist creates a live performance, often using a variety of media.


lexentry: eng/performance_metric__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: performance metric
trans_list: kluczowe mierniki dokonań | ﻿kluczowe wskaźniki efektywności
sense:
(business) A measurement of performance, often financial performance, either against peers or against a predetermined target.


lexentry: eng/perfume__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: perfume
trans_list: perfumy | zapach | aromat | woń
sense:
A pleasant smell; the scent, odor, or odoriferous particles emitted from a sweet-smelling substance; a pleasant odor


lexentry: eng/pergola__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pergola
trans_list: pergola
sense:
A framework in the form of a passageway of columns that supports a trelliswork roof; used to support and train climbing plants.


lexentry: eng/peridotite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peridotite
trans_list: perydotyty
sense:
(geology) A rock consisting of small crystals of olivine, pyroxene and hornblende; the major constituent of the Earth's mantle.


lexentry: eng/perigee__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: perigee
trans_list: perygeum
sense:
(astronomy) The point, in an orbit about the Earth, that is closest to the Earth: the periapsis of an Earth orbiter.


lexentry: eng/perihelion__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: perihelion
trans_list: peryhelium
sense:
(astronomy) The point in the elliptical orbit of a comet, planet, etc., where it is nearest to the Sun.


lexentry: eng/period__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: period
trans_list: kropka
sense:
(now, chiefly, North America, Philippines) The punctuation mark “.” (indicating the ending of a sentence or marking an abbreviation).


lexentry: eng/period__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: period
trans_list: okres | cykl | period
sense:
The length of time during which the same characteristics of a periodic phenomenon recur, such as the repetition of a wave or the rotation of a planet. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/period__Noun__1
sense_num: 13
written_rep: period
trans_list: okres | period
sense:
(rhetoric) A complete sentence, especially one expressing a single thought or making a balanced, rhythmic whole. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/period__Noun__1
sense_num: 16
written_rep: period
trans_list: okres | lekcja
sense:
(geology) A geochronologic unit of millions to tens of millions of years; a subdivision of an era, and subdivided into epochs.


lexentry: eng/periodic_function__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: periodic function
trans_list: funkcja okresowa
sense:
(mathematics) Any function whose value repeats after the regular addition of a period to its independent variable; i.e., a function ƒ such that, for some positive constant p, ƒ(x + p) = ƒ(x) for all x.


lexentry: eng/periodic_table__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: periodic table
trans_list: układ okresowy pierwiastków | układ okresowy | tablica Mendelejewa
sense:
(chemistry) A tabular chart of the chemical elements according to their atomic numbers so that elements with similar properties are in the same group (column).


lexentry: eng/periodical__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: periodical
trans_list: czasopismo | periodyk
sense:
A regularly issued thematic publication that contains the most current information in its field, often the primary means for communication of original scholarship or creative work at the cutting edge of research in its field.


lexentry: eng/periodontitis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: periodontitis
trans_list: choroby przyzębia
sense:
(periodontology) A serious form or stage of periodontal disease which may lead to loss of bone and falling out of teeth.


lexentry: eng/peripheral_device__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peripheral device
trans_list: urządzenie peryferyjne
sense:
(computer hardware) An electronic device that is outside the computer's system unit (external to the computer's enclosing case), but used by the computer to which it is connected, such as a printer or a scanner.


lexentry: eng/periplus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: periplus
trans_list: opłynięcie
sense:
(literature) An account of a voyage, particularly those of Hanno and Arrian, recording ports and coastal landmarks. [1613]


lexentry: eng/periscope__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: periscope
trans_list: peryskop
sense:
A form of viewing device that allows the viewer to see things at a different height level and usually with minimal visibility.


lexentry: eng/peristalsis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peristalsis
trans_list: perystaltyka
sense:
(medicine) The rhythmic, wave-like contraction and relaxation of muscles so as to propagate motion, as of food in the digestive tract.


lexentry: eng/peristyle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peristyle
trans_list: perystyl
sense:
A colonnade surrounding a courtyard, temple, etc., or the yard enclosed by such columns. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/peritoneum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peritoneum
trans_list: otrzewna
sense:
(anatomy) In mammals, the serous membrane lining the cavity of the abdomen and that is folded over the viscera.


lexentry: eng/peritonitis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peritonitis
trans_list: zapalenie otrzewnej
sense:
(pathology) Inflammation of the peritoneum, especially when caused by an infectious organism introduced into the abdominal cavity.


lexentry: eng/permaculture__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: permaculture
trans_list: permakultura
sense:
(agriculture) Any system of sustainable agriculture that renews natural resources and enriches local ecosystems. [from 1978]


lexentry: eng/permeable__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: permeable
trans_list: przemakalny
sense:
(by extension) Allowing the passage of persons, information, or other things, especially when such passage occurs despite hopes or expectations otherwise.


lexentry: eng/permeate__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: permeate
trans_list: przenikać
sense:
(transitive) To pass through the pores or interstices of; to penetrate and pass through without causing rupture or displacement; applied especially to fluids which pass through substances of loose texture


lexentry: eng/pernoctation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pernoctation
trans_list: nocleg
sense:
(uncountable) The action of abiding through the night at a location; (countable) an instance of this; an overnight stay.


lexentry: eng/peroration__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peroration
trans_list: streszczenie
sense:
The concluding section of a discourse, either written or oral, in which the orator or writer sums up and commends his topic to his audience, particularly as used in the technical sense of a component of ancient Roman oratorical delivery.


lexentry: eng/peroxide__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peroxide
trans_list: nadtlenek
sense:
(inorganic chemistry) A divalent radical or anion containing two oxygen atoms linked by a covalent bond; any substance containing this group which yields hydrogen peroxide when treated with an acid.


lexentry: eng/perpetual_motion_machine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: perpetual motion machine
trans_list: perpetuum mobile
sense:
(physics, pseudoscience) A hypothetical, pseudoscientific device that exhibits perpetual motion, especially one that does useful work with no input of energy.


lexentry: eng/perpetuate__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: perpetuate
trans_list: uwiecznić | uwieczniać
sense:
(transitive) To make (something) perpetual; to make (something) continue for an indefinite time; also, to preserve (something) from extinction or oblivion.


lexentry: eng/persecute__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: persecute
trans_list: prześladować
sense:
To pursue in a manner to do harm or cruelty to; especially, because of the victim's race, sexual identity, or adherence to a particular belief.


lexentry: eng/persevere__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: persevere
trans_list: wytrwać | dotrwać
sense:
(intransitive) To persist steadfastly in pursuit of an undertaking, task, journey, or goal, even if hindered by distraction, difficulty, obstacles, or discouragement.


lexentry: eng/persimmon__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: persimmon
trans_list: persymona | hurma | hebanowiec | kaki | szaron
sense:
The tree this fruit grows on, generally one of two species of ebony: Diospyros kaki (Asian) or Diospyros virginiana (North American).


lexentry: eng/persistent__Adjective__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: persistent
trans_list: trwały
sense:
(computing) Of data or a data structure: not transient or temporary, but remaining in existence after the termination of the program that creates it.


lexentry: eng/person-to-person__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: person-to-person
trans_list: osoba
sense:
(of a telephone call) Such that the caller is only connected and charged if the person he specified is available to speak.


lexentry: eng/person__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: person
trans_list: człowiek | istota ludzka | osoba
sense:
(in a compound noun or noun phrase) A human of unspecified gender (in terms usually constructed with man or woman).


lexentry: eng/person__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: person
trans_list: miłośnik | zwolennik
sense:
(in a compound noun or noun phrase) Someone who likes or has an affinity for (a specified thing). [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/person__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: person
trans_list: osoba | persona
sense:
(grammar) A linguistic category used to distinguish between the speaker of an utterance and those to whom or about whom they are speaking. See grammatical person. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/personal__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: personal
trans_list: osobisty | personalny
sense:
Of or pertaining to a particular person; relating to, or affecting, an individual, or each of many individuals


lexentry: eng/personal_effect__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: personal effect
trans_list: rzeczy osobiste
sense:
(usually, in the plural) An item of personal property that one carries on one's person, including identification, jewelry, and clothing.


lexentry: eng/personal_space__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: personal space
trans_list: przestrzeń osobista
sense:
The physical space closely surrounding a person, which can lead to discomfort, anger or anxiety if encroached on.


lexentry: eng/personal_trainer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: personal trainer
trans_list: trener osobisty | trener personalny
sense:
Someone employed to help another with their fitness, especially by means of a personalised diet program and exercise regime.


lexentry: eng/personality__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: personality
trans_list: osobowość
sense:
(of people) A set of non-physical psychological and social qualities that make one person distinct from another.


lexentry: eng/personality_disorder__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: personality disorder
trans_list: zaburzenie osobowości
sense:
(psychiatry) Any of a class of mental disorders characterized by ongoing rigid patterns of thought and action.


lexentry: eng/personify__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: personify
trans_list: animizować
sense:
(transitive) To create a representation of (an abstract quality) in the form of a character or persona.


lexentry: eng/personnel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: personnel
trans_list: personel | kadra
sense:
Collection of people in an organization, such as employees and office staff, members of the military, etc.


lexentry: eng/persuade__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: persuade
trans_list: przekonać | przekonywać
sense:
(transitive, now, rare, regional) To urge, plead; to try to convince (someone to do something). [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/persuasion__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: persuasion
trans_list: perswazja
sense:
The act of persuading, or trying to do so; the addressing of arguments to someone with the intention of changing their mind or convincing them of a certain point of view, course of action etc. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/peruke__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peruke
trans_list: peruka
sense:
A wig, especially one with long hair on the sides and back, worn mainly by men in the 17th and 18th centuries.


lexentry: eng/pescetarianism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pescetarianism
trans_list: pescowegetarianizm
sense:
A dietary choice in which a person, known as a pescetarian, eats any combination of vegetables, fruit, nuts, beans and fish or seafood, but not mammals or birds. Some animal products, such as eggs and dairy, may or may not be part of the diet.


lexentry: eng/peso__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peso
trans_list: peso
sense:
(historical) A former unit of currency in Spain and Spain's colonies, worth 8 reales; the Spanish dollar.


lexentry: eng/pesticide__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pesticide
trans_list: pestycyd | pestycydy
sense:
Anything, especially a synthetic substance but also any substance (e.g. sulfur), or virus, bacterium, or other organism, which kills or suppresses the activities of pests.


lexentry: eng/pesto__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pesto
trans_list: pesto
sense:
A sauce, especially for pasta, originating from the Genoa region in Italy, made from basil, garlic, pine nuts, olive oil and cheese (usually pecorino).


lexentry: eng/petal__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: petal
trans_list: płatek | płatek korony
sense:
(botany) One of the component parts of the corolla of a flower. It applies particularly, but not necessarily only, when the corolla consists of separate parts, that is when the petals are not connately fused. Petals are often brightly colored.


lexentry: eng/petasus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: petasus
trans_list: petasos
sense:
(historical) A broad-brimmed, low-crowned hat worn by the Ancient Greeks and Romans, especially for travelling, and as often pictured to be worn by Hermes (or Mercury); (later also) the brimless winged cap worn by Hermes in later artistic depictions. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/peter_out__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peter out
trans_list: zamierać | zamrzeć | zanikać | zaniknąć
sense:
(intransitive, originally, US) Synonym of peter (“to diminish to nothing, (originally) to refer to a vein of ore”)


lexentry: eng/petition__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: petition
trans_list: petycja
sense:
A formal, written request made to an official person or organized body, often containing many signatures.


lexentry: eng/petrification__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: petrification
trans_list: petryfikacja
sense:
Turning to stone: the process of replacement of the organic residues of plants (and animals) with insoluble salts, with the original shape and topography being retained.


lexentry: eng/petrochemistry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: petrochemistry
trans_list: petrochemia
sense:
(petrochemistry) The branch of chemistry that deals with petroleum, natural gas and their derivatives.


lexentry: eng/petrodollar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: petrodollar
trans_list: petrodolar
sense:
(oil industry, mostly, in the plural, also, attributively) Money (either notionally or specifically in dollars or other currencies) earned from the sale of oil, often especially as considered among a national economy's principal revenue streams.


lexentry: eng/petroleum_jelly__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: petroleum jelly
trans_list: wazelina
sense:
A pale yellow semisolid mixture of hydrocarbons obtained from petroleum; used in lubricants and ointments.


lexentry: eng/petticoat__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: petticoat
trans_list: halka
sense:
A light woman's undergarment worn under a dress or skirt, and hanging either from the shoulders or (now especially) from the waist; a kind of slip, worn to make the skirt fuller, or for extra warmth.


lexentry: eng/petty__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: petty
trans_list: drobny | błahy | małostkowy | nieistotny
sense:
Of persons or their behaviour: marked by or reflective of undesirably limited interests, sympathies, or views; begrudging, selfish, small-minded; also, preoccupied with subjects having little or no importance and not mindful of broader concerns. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/petty_bourgeoisie__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: petty bourgeoisie
trans_list: drobnomieszczaństwo
sense:
(Marxism) A social class of that bourgeoisie that typically works alongside their employees if they have any, exemplified by shopkeepers and professionals.


lexentry: eng/petty_officer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: petty officer
trans_list: bosman | starszy bosman
sense:
A non-commissioned officer in the Canadian, US and UK Navy and the US Coast Guard; roughly equivalent to a sergeant in the army


lexentry: eng/petty_theft__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: petty theft
trans_list: kradzież
sense:
A theft of property having a value lower than a certain small amount set forth in a statute, and considered to be a less serious class of crime.


lexentry: eng/pew__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: pew
trans_list: ławka
sense:
Any structure shaped like a church pew, such as a stall, formerly used by money lenders, etc.; a box in a theatre; or a pen or sheepfold.


lexentry: eng/peyote__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: peyote
trans_list: pejotl
sense:
A small, spineless cactus (Lophophora williamsii) found from southwest United States to central Mexico that produces buttonlike tubercles that can be chewed for its psychedelic effect, primarily from the drug mescaline.


lexentry: eng/phagocyte__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phagocyte
trans_list: fagocyt
sense:
(cytology) A cell of the immune system, such as a neutrophil, macrophage or dendritic cell, that engulfs and destroys viruses, bacteria and waste materials, or in the case of mature dendritic cells; displays antigens from invading pathogens to cells of the lymphoid lineage.


lexentry: eng/phalanx__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phalanx
trans_list: falanga
sense:
(historical, plural phalanxes) An ancient Greek and Macedonian military unit that consisted of several ranks and files (lines) of soldiers in close array with joined shields and long spears.


lexentry: eng/phalanx__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: phalanx
trans_list: falanga
sense:
(plural phalanxes or (rare) phalanges) A large group of people, animals or things, compact or closely massed, or tightly knit and united in common purpose.


lexentry: eng/phalloplasty__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phalloplasty
trans_list: falloplastyka
sense:
(surgery) Plastic surgery to construct or repair a penis, performed to repair injury or as part of sex reassignment surgery.


lexentry: eng/phantom__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: phantom
trans_list: fantom
sense:
Something apparently seen, heard, or sensed, but having no physical reality; an image that appears only in the mind; an illusion or delusion.


lexentry: eng/phantom_limb__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phantom limb
trans_list: kończyna fantomowa
sense:
(pathology) The false sensation, which is often painful, that an amputated limb is still present and attached.


lexentry: eng/phantom_pain__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phantom pain
trans_list: ból fantomowy
sense:
(medicine, pathology) A sensation of pain coming from a part of the body that has been amputated, or in which the nerves have been destroyed.


lexentry: eng/pharaoh__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pharaoh
trans_list: faraon
sense:
(historical) The supreme ruler of Ancient Egypt; a formal address for the sovereign seat of power as personified by the "king" in an institutional role of Horus son of Osiris; often used by metonymy for Ancient Egyptian sovereignty


lexentry: eng/pharmacist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pharmacist
trans_list: aptekarz | aptekarka
sense:
(pharmacy) A health professional who controls, formulates, preserves, and dispenses medications and provides medical advice and counseling on how medicines should be used in order to achieve maximum benefit, and minimal side effects in order to avoid drug interactions.


lexentry: eng/pharmacokinetics__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pharmacokinetics
trans_list: farmakokinetyka
sense:
(pharmacology) A branch of pharmacology concerned with the rate at which drugs are absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and eliminated by the body.


lexentry: eng/pharmacology__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pharmacology
trans_list: farmakologia
sense:
(medicine) The science of drugs including their origin, composition, pharmacokinetics, therapeutic use, and toxicology.


lexentry: eng/pharmacovigilance__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pharmacovigilance
trans_list: nadzór farmakologiczny
sense:
(medicine, pharmacology) The detection, assessment, understanding and prevention of adverse effects of medicines. [from 1970s]


lexentry: eng/pharmacy__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pharmacy
trans_list: farmacja | aptekarstwo | farmaceutyka
sense:
(uncountable) The science of medicinal substances, inclusive of pharmaceutics, pharmaceutical chemistry, pharmacology, phytochemistry, and forensics.


lexentry: eng/pharyngeal__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pharyngeal
trans_list: gardło
sense:
(phonetics) Articulated with the pharynx; a term usually describing a consonant which is articulated by the rear area of the tongue being raised to below the region between the uvula and the pharyngeal wall. The term cannot apply to a plosive or stop consonant.


lexentry: eng/pharynx__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pharynx
trans_list: gardło
sense:
(anatomy) The part of the alimentary canal and respiratory tract that extends from the back of the mouth and nasal cavity to the larynx and esophagus.


lexentry: eng/phascogale__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phascogale
trans_list: myszowór
sense:
Any of several Australian dasyurid marsupials, of the genus Phascogale, the males of which die shortly after mating.


lexentry: eng/phase-shift_keying__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phase-shift keying
trans_list: kluczowanie fazy | modulacja PSK
sense:
A form of phase modulation in which digital information is transmitted through discrete changes of the phase of a carrier wave.


lexentry: eng/phase__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: phase
trans_list: faza
sense:
(physics) Any one point or portion in a recurring series of changes, as in the changes of motion of one of the particles constituting a wave or vibration; one portion of a series of such changes, in distinction from a contrasted portion, as the portion on one side of a position of equilibrium, in contrast with that on the opposite side.


lexentry: eng/phase_modulation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phase modulation
trans_list: modulacja fazy
sense:
A method of sending information by modifying (modulating) the difference in phase (fraction of a wave length) between a signal and a reference.


lexentry: eng/phase_out__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phase out
trans_list: wyrzec siẹ
sense:
(transitive) To remove or relinquish the use of (something) little by little, either via discrete diminishing phases or (by extension) by continuous gradations; to remove in phases, or as if by phases (gradually).


lexentry: eng/phase_space__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phase space
trans_list: przestrzeń fazowa
sense:
(mathematics, physics, dynamical system theory) Given a (dynamical) system, any topological space such that every point in the space's underlying set uniquely represents a state of the system and every possible state is represented by some point;(less formally) the underlying set of such a topological space.


lexentry: eng/phase_transition__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phase transition
trans_list: przemiana fazowa
sense:
(physics) The transition between thermodynamic phases of a physical system, especially one between the solid, liquid, and gaseous phases of a substance.


lexentry: eng/phase_velocity__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phase velocity
trans_list: prędkość fazowa
sense:
(physics) The velocity of propagation of a pure sine wave of infinite extent and infinitesimal amplitude.


lexentry: eng/phasmid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phasmid
trans_list: patyczak | straszyk
sense:
(entomology) Any insect of the order Phasmida: a leaf insect or walking stick (stick insect). [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/phasor__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: phasor
trans_list: wskaz
sense:
(sciences, engineering) A plotted line whose length and angle represent the amplitude and phase, respectively, of a sinusoidally varying quantity such as an alternating current.


lexentry: eng/pheasant's_eye__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pheasant's eye
trans_list: miłek
sense:
Any of genus Adonis of flowering plants in the buttercup family (Ranunculaceae), native to Europe and Asia, particularly


lexentry: eng/phenacetin__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: phenacetin
trans_list: acetfenetydyna | fenacetyna
sense:
(pharmaceutical drug) A specific antipyretic drug, also called acetophenetidin, with the formula C10H13NO2.


lexentry: eng/phenol__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phenol
trans_list: fenol
sense:
(organic compound, uncountable) A caustic, poisonous, white crystalline compound, C6H5OH, derived from benzene and used in resins, plastics, and pharmaceuticals and in dilute form as a disinfectant and antiseptic; once called carbolic acid


lexentry: eng/phenol__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: phenol
trans_list: fenol
sense:
(organic chemistry, countable) Any of a class of aromatic organic compounds having at least one hydroxyl group attached directly to the benzene ring (or other aromatic ring)


lexentry: eng/phenolic_resin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phenolic resin
trans_list: fenoplast
sense:
(chemistry) Any of a particular class of thermosetting resin made through the condensation of phenol (or a phenol derivative) with an aldehyde.


lexentry: eng/phenomenography__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phenomenography
trans_list: fenomenografia
sense:
A qualitative methodology applied in educational research that investigates the qualitatively different ways in which people experience something or think about something.


lexentry: eng/phenomenology__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phenomenology
trans_list: fenomenologia
sense:
(philosophy) The study of structures of consciousness as experienced from the first-person point of view.


lexentry: eng/phenomenon__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: phenomenon
trans_list: fenomen | zjawisko
sense:
(philosophy, chiefly, Kantian, _, idealism) An experienced object whose constitution reflects the order and conceptual structure imposed upon it by the human mind (especially by the powers of perception and understanding).


lexentry: eng/phenotype__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phenotype
trans_list: fenotyp
sense:
(genetics, evolutionary theory) The appearance of an organism based on a multifactorial combination of genetic traits and environmental factors, especially used in pedigrees.


lexentry: eng/phenyl__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phenyl
trans_list: fenyl
sense:
(organic chemistry) A univalent hydrocarbon radical (C6H5) formally derived from benzene by the removal of a hydrogen atom, and the basis of an immense number of aromatic derivatives.


lexentry: eng/phenylalanine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phenylalanine
trans_list: fenyloalanina
sense:
(amino acid) An essential amino acid C9H11NO2 found in most animal proteins; it is essential for growth; the inability to metabolize it leads to phenylketonuria; it is a constituent of aspartame.


lexentry: eng/pheromone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pheromone
trans_list: feromon
sense:
(biology) A chemical secreted by an animal, especially an insect, that affects the development or behavior of other members of the same species, functioning often as a means of attracting a member of the opposite sex.


lexentry: eng/philanthropy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: philanthropy
trans_list: filantropia
sense:
(chiefly, _, uncountable) Benevolent altruism with the intention of increasing the well-being of humankind.


lexentry: eng/philhellenism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: philhellenism
trans_list: filhellenizm
sense:
A 19th-century intellectual movement which supported the independence of Greece from the Ottoman Empire.


lexentry: eng/philistine__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: philistine
trans_list: filisterski
sense:
(derogatory) Ignorant or uneducated; specifically, lacking appreciation for or antagonistic towards art or culture, and having pedestrian tastes.


lexentry: eng/philistine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: philistine
trans_list: filister
sense:
(derogatory) A person who is ignorant or uneducated; specifically, a person who lacks appreciation of or is antagonistic towards art or culture, and who has pedestrian tastes.


lexentry: eng/philologist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: philologist
trans_list: filolog | filolożka
sense:
A person who engages in philology (historical linguistics), especially as a profession; a collector of words and their etymologies.


lexentry: eng/philosopher's_stone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: philosopher's stone
trans_list: kamień filozoficzny | tynktura
sense:
(alchemy, uncountable) A supposed substance able to turn base metals, such as lead or mercury, into gold or silver, also sometimes claimed to cure any illness (as panacea) or confer immortality (as elixir of life), among other functions.


lexentry: eng/philosopher__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: philosopher
trans_list: filozof | filozofka | mędrzec
sense:
(archaic) A person who applies the principles of philosophy to the conduct of their life, as by acting calmly and rationally in the face of inevitable change.


lexentry: eng/philosopher__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: philosopher
trans_list: filozof | filozofka | mędrzec
sense:
(archaic) A student, scholar, or expert in any branch of knowledge, especially those branches studied prior to being considered part of pure science.


lexentry: eng/philosophy__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: philosophy
trans_list: filozofia
sense:
(uncountable) An academic discipline that seeks truth through reasoning rather than empiricism, often attempting to provide explanations relating to general concepts such as existence and rationality.


lexentry: eng/philter__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: philter
trans_list: filtr
sense:
A kind of potion, charm, or drug; especially a love potion intended to make the drinker fall in love with the giver. [from the 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/phimosis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phimosis
trans_list: stulejka
sense:
(symptom) A contraction of the foreskin (either as a stage of development or a pathological condition), which prevents it from being retracted.


lexentry: eng/phlegm__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: phlegm
trans_list: flegma | śluz
sense:
Viscid mucus produced by the body, later especially mucus expelled from the bronchial passages by coughing. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/phloem__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phloem
trans_list: łyko | floem
sense:
(botany) A vascular tissue in land plants primarily responsible for the distribution of sugars and nutrients manufactured in the shoot.


lexentry: eng/phlogiston__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phlogiston
trans_list: flogiston
sense:
(chemistry, historical) The hypothetical fiery principle formerly assumed to be a necessary constituent of combustible bodies and to be given up by them in burning.


lexentry: eng/phlogopite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phlogopite
trans_list: flogopit
sense:
(mineral) A mica mineral with the chemical formula KMg3AlSi3O10(F,OH)2, a basic potassium magnesium aluminosilicate, used as an insulator


lexentry: eng/phocomelia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phocomelia
trans_list: fokomelia
sense:
A congenital disorder of the limbs, the affected person being born with abnormally short or missing bones and flipper-like hands or feet.


lexentry: eng/phoenix__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: phoenix
trans_list: feniks
sense:
(Chinese mythology) A mythological Chinese chimerical bird whose physical body symbolizes the six celestial bodies; a fenghuang.


lexentry: eng/phon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phon
trans_list: fon
sense:
(acoustics) A unit of apparent loudness, equal in number to the intensity in decibels of a 1,000-hertz tone judged to be as loud as the sound being measured.


lexentry: eng/phone__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phone
trans_list: głoska
sense:
(phonetics) A speech segment that possesses distinct physical or perceptual properties, considered as a physical event without regard to its place in the phonology of a language.


lexentry: eng/phoneme__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phoneme
trans_list: fonem
sense:
An indivisible unit of sound in a given language. A phoneme is an abstraction of the physical speech sounds (phones) and may encompass several different phones.


lexentry: eng/phonemic_merger__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phonemic merger
trans_list: utożsamienie
sense:
(phonology) The phenomenon in which two different phonemes merge and become replaced by a single phoneme.


lexentry: eng/phonetics__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phonetics
trans_list: fonetyka
sense:
(linguistics) The study of the physical sounds of human speech, concerned with the physical properties of speech sounds (phones), and the processes of their physiological production, auditory reception, and neurophysiological perception, and their representation by written symbols.


lexentry: eng/phonology__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phonology
trans_list: fonologia
sense:
(uncountable) The study of the way sounds function in languages, including accent, intonation, phonemes, stress, and syllable structure, and which sounds are distinctive units within a language; (countable) the way sounds function within a given language; a phonological system. [from late 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/phonology__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: phonology
trans_list: fonologia
sense:
(by extension, uncountable) The study of the way components of signs function in a sign language, and which components are distinctive units within the language; (countable) the way components of signs function within a given sign language.


lexentry: eng/phonon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phonon
trans_list: fonon
sense:
(physics) The quantum of acoustic or vibrational energy (sound), considered a discrete particle rather than a wave.


lexentry: eng/phonotactics__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phonotactics
trans_list: fonotaktyka
sense:
(linguistics, phonology) A branch of phonology that deals with the restrictions a language applies to combinations of phonemes.


lexentry: eng/phosphor__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phosphor
trans_list: luminofor
sense:
(chemistry) Any of various compounds of transition metals or of rare earths that exhibit phosphorescence.


lexentry: eng/phosphorescent__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phosphorescent
trans_list: fosforescencyjny
sense:
Having the property of emitting light for a period of time after the source of excitation is taken away, e.g., in electrostatic storage tubes and cathode-ray tubes.


lexentry: eng/phosphoric__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phosphoric
trans_list: fosfor
sense:
(chemistry) Pertaining to the element phosphorus; containing phosphorus, especially in its higher valency (5). [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/phosphoric_acid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phosphoric acid
trans_list: kwas fosforowy
sense:
(inorganic compound) A colourless liquid, H3PO4, used in the manufacture of fertilizers, detergents and pharmaceuticals and as an additive in cola drinks.


lexentry: eng/phosphorus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phosphorus
trans_list: fosfor
sense:
(chemistry) a chemical element (symbol P) with an atomic number of 15, that exists in several allotropic forms.


lexentry: eng/phosphorylation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phosphorylation
trans_list: fosforylacja
sense:
(biochemistry) the process of transferring a phosphate group from a donor to an acceptor; often catalysed by enzymes.


lexentry: eng/photic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: photic
trans_list: fotyczny | świetlny
sense:
Of, related to, or irradiated by light; especially describing that part of the near-surface ocean is which photosynthesis is possible.


lexentry: eng/photic_zone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: photic zone
trans_list: strefa fotyczna
sense:
The part of the near-surface body of an ocean or lake that receives enough sunlight for photosynthesis to be possible.


lexentry: eng/photoconductivity__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: photoconductivity
trans_list: fotoprzewodnictwo
sense:
(physics) The increase in the electrical conductivity of a material as a result of incident electromagnetic radiation.


lexentry: eng/photocopier__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: photocopier
trans_list: kserokopiarka | fotokopiarka | ksero | kserograf
sense:
A machine which reproduces documents by photographing the original over a glass plate and printing duplicates.


lexentry: eng/photoelectric__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: photoelectric
trans_list: fotoelektryczny
sense:
Of or relating to the electric effects of electromagnetic radiation, especially the ejection of an electron from a surface by a photon.


lexentry: eng/photoelectric_effect__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: photoelectric effect
trans_list: fotoefekt
sense:
(physics) The emission of electrons from the surface of a material following the absorption of electromagnetic radiation.


lexentry: eng/photograph__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: photograph
trans_list: fotografia | zdjęcie | fotka
sense:
A picture created by projecting an image onto a photosensitive surface such as a chemically treated plate or film, CCD receptor, etc.


lexentry: eng/photon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: photon
trans_list: foton
sense:
(particle) The quantum of light and other electromagnetic energy, regarded as a discrete particle having zero rest mass, no electric charge, and an indefinitely long lifetime. It is a gauge boson.


lexentry: eng/photonics__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: photonics
trans_list: fotonika
sense:
(sciences) The science and technology of generating and controlling photons, particularly in the visible and near infrared light spectrum.


lexentry: eng/photosynthesis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: photosynthesis
trans_list: fotosynteza
sense:
(biology) Any process by which plants and other photoautotrophs convert light energy into chemical energy.


lexentry: eng/phrase__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: phrase
trans_list: fraza | wypowiedzenie
sense:
(grammar) A word or, more commonly, a group of words that functions as a single unit in the syntax of a sentence, usually consisting of a head, or central word, and elaborating words.


lexentry: eng/phrase_book__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phrase book
trans_list: rozmówki
sense:
A usually pocket-sized book consisting of everyday expressions and vocabulary in two languages and intended for travellers who wish to communicate with locals while in other countries.


lexentry: eng/phrasing__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: phrasing
trans_list: fraza | sformułowanie
sense:
(music) The way the musical phrases are put together in a composition or in its interpretation, with changes in tempo, volume, or emphasizing one or more instruments over others.


lexentry: eng/phrenology__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phrenology
trans_list: frenologia
sense:
(medicine, biology) The science or now discredited pseudo-science, which studies the relationships between a person's character and the morphology (structure) of the skull.


lexentry: eng/phylactery__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phylactery
trans_list: tefilin
sense:
(Judaism) Either of the two small leather cases, containing biblical scrolls, worn by Jewish men at morning prayer; the tefilla.


lexentry: eng/phyllo__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phyllo
trans_list: ciasto filo
sense:
A type of dough, originating in Mediterranean cuisine, that is used in thin layers to make pastries (such as baklava and apple strudel) and pies and becomes very flaky when cooked.


lexentry: eng/phylloxera__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phylloxera
trans_list: filoksera
sense:
An insect, Daktulosphaira vitifoliae of the family Phylloxeridae (not the genus Phylloxera), that is very destructive to grape vines; also, the diseased condition of a vine caused by this insect. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/phylogenetics__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phylogenetics
trans_list: filogeneza
sense:
(biology, systematics) The study of the evolutionary history and relationships among or within groups of organisms, through computational methods that focus on observed heritable traits.


lexentry: eng/phylum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phylum
trans_list: typ
sense:
(taxonomy) A rank in the classification of organisms, below kingdom and above class; also called a divisio or a division, especially in describing plants; a taxon at that rank


lexentry: eng/physical__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: physical
trans_list: fizyczny | cielesny
sense:
Pertaining to the world as understood through the senses rather than the mind; tangible, concrete; real. Having to do with the material world. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/physical_chemistry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: physical chemistry
trans_list: chemia fizyczn
sense:
(chemistry, physics) The science that uses theories and techniques from physics to study chemical systems.


lexentry: eng/physical_education__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: physical education
trans_list: wychowanie fizyczne | gimnastyka | wuef
sense:
An element of an educational curriculum concerned with bodily development, physical health and wellness, strength, physical co-ordination, and agility.


lexentry: eng/physical_quantity__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: physical quantity
trans_list: wielkość fizyczna
sense:
(physics) A physical property that can be measured or calculated from other physical property and expressed as the product of a numerical value and a physical unit.


lexentry: eng/physician__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: physician
trans_list: doktorka | lekarka | medyczka
sense:
A practitioner of physic, i.e. a specialist in internal medicine, especially as opposed to a surgeon; a practitioner who treats with medication rather than with surgery.


lexentry: eng/physicist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: physicist
trans_list: fizyk
sense:
A person whose occupation specializes in the science of physics, especially at a professional level.


lexentry: eng/physics__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: physics
trans_list: fizyka
sense:
The branch of science concerned with the study of the properties and interactions of space, time, matter and energy.


lexentry: eng/physiography__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: physiography
trans_list: fizjografia
sense:
(geography) The subfield of geography that studies physical patterns and processes of the Earth. It aims to understand the forces that produce and change rocks, oceans, weather, and global flora and fauna patterns.


lexentry: eng/physiology__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: physiology
trans_list: fizjologia
sense:
A branch of biology that deals with the functions and activities of life or of living matter (as organs, tissues, or cells) and of the physical and chemical phenomena involved.


lexentry: eng/phytic_acid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: phytic acid
trans_list: kwas fitowy
sense:
(organic compound) The compound inositol hexaphosphoric acid present in cereals etc as alkali and alkaline earth salts; it is a source of phosphorus for ruminants but is indigestible for carnivores


lexentry: eng/pi__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pi
trans_list: pi
sense:
(mathematics) An irrational and transcendental constant representing the ratio of the circumference of a Euclidean circle to its diameter; approximately 3.14159265358979323846264338327950; usually written π.


lexentry: eng/piano__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: piano
trans_list: pianino | fortepian
sense:
(musical instruments) a percussive keyboard musical instrument, usually ranging over seven octaves, with white and black colored keys, played by pressing these keys, causing hammers to strike strings [from 1803]


lexentry: eng/piano_nobile__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: piano nobile
trans_list: piano nobile
sense:
(architecture) The floor of a building where the principal bedrooms and main reception rooms are found, very often on the first or second floor in older buildings.


lexentry: eng/piccolo__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: piccolo
trans_list: flet piccolo | piccolo | pikolo | pikulina
sense:
A piccolo flute
 A transverse flute that is smaller than a Western concert flute and pitched nearly an octave higher.


lexentry: eng/piccolo__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: piccolo
trans_list: piccolo
sense:
A bottle of champagne containing 0.1875 litres of fluid, one quarter the volume of a standard bottle.


lexentry: eng/pick__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pick
trans_list: zbierać | zrywać
sense:
To harvest a fruit or vegetable for consumption by removing it from the plant to which it is attached; to harvest an entire plant by removing it from the ground.


lexentry: eng/pick__Verb__1
sense_num: 15
written_rep: pick
trans_list: dłubać | gmerać | grzebać
sense:
(dated) To peck at, as a bird with its beak; to strike at with anything pointed; to act upon with a pointed instrument; to pierce; to prick, as with a pin.


lexentry: eng/pick_one's_nose__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pick one's nose
trans_list: dłubać w nosie
sense:
(idiomatic) To insert a finger or other object into one's nostril to remove obstructions, especially dried mucus.


lexentry: eng/pick_up__Verb__1
sense_num: 14
written_rep: pick up
trans_list: podrywać | bałamucić | chodzić za kimś | poderwać | podwalać się | robić zaloty
sense:
(transitive, and, intransitive, _, with on) To meet and seduce somebody for romantic purposes, especially in a social situation.


lexentry: eng/pick_up_the_pace__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
sense: (idiomatic) To begin moving or working faster.
written_rep: pick up the pace
trans_list:
podkręcać tempo | podkręcić tempo | przyspieszać tempo | przyspieszyć tempo | zwiększać tempo | zwiększyć tempo


lexentry: eng/pickaxe__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pickaxe
trans_list: kilof | czekan | oskard
sense:
A heavy iron tool with a wooden handle; one end of the head is pointed, the other has a chisel edge.


lexentry: eng/pickelhaube__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pickelhaube
trans_list: pikielhauba
sense:
(historical) A spiked helmet worn by German troops, especially during the First World War. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/pickle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pickle
trans_list: ogórek kiszony | ogórek w occie
sense:
(chiefly, US, Canada, Australia) A cucumber preserved in a solution, usually a brine or a vinegar syrup.


lexentry: eng/pickle__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pickle
trans_list: kisić
sense:
(transitive, ergative) To preserve food (or sometimes other things) in a salt, sugar or vinegar solution.


lexentry: eng/pickup__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pickup
trans_list: przetwornik | przystawka
sense:
An electronic device for detecting sound, vibration, etc., such as one fitted to an electric guitar or record player.


lexentry: eng/pickup__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: pickup
trans_list: podryw
sense:
An instance of approaching someone and engaging in romantic flirtation and courting with the intent to pursue romance, a date, or a sexual encounter.


lexentry: eng/pickup__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: pickup
trans_list: znajdźka
sense:
(video games) An item that can be picked up by the player, conferring some benefit or effect; a power-up.


lexentry: eng/picric_acid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: picric acid
trans_list: kwas pikrynowy
sense:
(chemistry) 2,4,6-trinitrophenol, C6H2(NO2)3, prepared by the nitration of phenol or of aspirin; a toxic, yellow, explosive substance used in dyes, explosives, and as an antiseptic


lexentry: eng/picture__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: picture
trans_list: obraz | rysunek
sense:
A representation of anything (as a person, a landscape, a building) upon canvas, paper, or other surface, by drawing, painting, printing, photography, etc.


lexentry: eng/picture_card__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: picture card
trans_list: malarka
sense:
A playing card which has a picture on it (usually Jack, Queen or King (coat card), but sometimes including Ace or Joker).


lexentry: eng/picturesque__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: picturesque
trans_list: malowniczy
sense:
Resembling or worthy of a picture or painting; having the qualities of a picture or painting; pleasingly beautiful.


lexentry: eng/pidgin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pidgin
trans_list: pidżyn | pidgin | pidżin
sense:
(linguistics) An amalgamation of two disparate languages, used by two populations having no common language as a lingua franca to communicate with each other, lacking formalized grammar and having a small, utilitarian vocabulary and no native speakers.


lexentry: eng/piece__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: piece
trans_list: pionek
sense:
(chess) One of the figures used in playing chess, specifically a higher-value figure as distinguished from a pawn; by extension, a similar counter etc. in other games.


lexentry: eng/piece__Noun__1
sense_num: 14
written_rep: piece
trans_list: moneta
sense:
(baseball, uncountable) Used to describe a pitch that has been hit but not well, usually either being caught by the opposing team or going foul. Usually used in the past tense with get.


lexentry: eng/piece_work__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: piece work
trans_list: akord
sense:
Work that a worker is paid for according to the number of units produced, rather than the number of hours worked; work done and paid for by the piece or by the job.


lexentry: eng/pied_avocet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pied avocet
trans_list: szablodziób
sense:
Recurvirostra avosetta, a black and white wading bird of temperate Europe and western and central Asia, wintering in Africa and south Asia.


lexentry: eng/pier__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pier
trans_list: molo | pomost | pirs
sense:
A raised platform built from the shore out over water, supported on piles; used to secure, or provide access to shipping; a jetty.


lexentry: eng/pier__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: pier
trans_list: filar
sense:
(architecture) A rectangular pillar, or similar structure, that supports an arch, wall or roof, or the hinges of a gate.


lexentry: eng/pierogi__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pierogi
trans_list: pieróg
sense:
(North America) A square- or crescent-shaped dumpling of unleavened dough, stuffed with sauerkraut, cheese, mashed potatoes, cabbage, onion, meat, or any combination of these, or with a fruit filling.


lexentry: eng/pietism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pietism
trans_list: pietyzm
sense:
(Christianity, often capitalized) A movement in the Lutheran church in the 17th and 18th centuries, calling for a return to practical and devout Christianity.


lexentry: eng/pig_Latin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pig Latin
trans_list: świńska łacina
sense:
A type of wordplay in which (English) words are altered by moving the leading phonetic of a word to the end and appending -ay [eɪ̯], except when the word begins with a vowel, in which case "-way" [weɪ̯] is suffixed with no leading phonetic change. {| class="examples floatright" style="background-color: #f8f9fa;border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; border-collapse:separate;-moz-box-sizing: content-box; margin: 6px 0 16px 23px; padding: 5px; width: 18em;"
! style="text-align: left; border-bottom: 1px solid #DDD" | Examples
|-
| style="font-size:100%;padding-left: 10px;" |
"please be quiet or I'll cry" becomes "ease-play e-bay iet-quay or-way I'll-way y-cray"
|}


lexentry: eng/pig__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pig
trans_list: świnia
sense:
Any of several mammalian species of the genus Sus, having cloven hooves, bristles and a nose adapted for digging; especially the domesticated animal Sus domesticus.


lexentry: eng/pig__Noun__1
sense_num: 13
written_rep: pig
trans_list: świntuch
sense:
(engineering) A device for cleaning or inspecting the inside of an oil or gas pipeline, or for separating different substances within the pipeline. Named for the pig-like squealing noise made by their progress.


lexentry: eng/pig_in_a_poke__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pig in a poke
trans_list: kot w worku | kupować kota w worku
sense:
(idiomatic) Something whose true value is concealed or unknown and may be lower than expected by the buyer or claimed by the seller, especially something offered for sale.


lexentry: eng/pig_iron__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pig iron
trans_list: surówka
sense:
A type of crude, brittle iron shaped like a block, unsuitable for working but suitable for casting, commonly used as an industrial raw material.


lexentry: eng/pigeonhole__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pigeonhole
trans_list: przedmiot
sense:
(by extension) One of an array of compartments for receiving mail and other messages at a college, office, etc.


lexentry: eng/pigeonhole_principle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pigeonhole principle
trans_list: zasada szufladkowa
sense:
(mathematics) The theorem which states that any partition of a finite set of n elements into m (< n) subsets (allowing empty subsets) must include a subset with two or more elements; any of certain reformulations concerning the partition of infinite sets where the cardinality of the unpartitioned set exceeds that of the partition (so there is no one-to-one correspondence).


lexentry: eng/piggy_bank__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: piggy bank
trans_list: skarbonka | świnka-skarbonka
sense:
A small container, sometimes in the form of a pig, to store small saved coins in. Often the "bank" must be broken open to retrieve the contents.


lexentry: eng/pigtail__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pigtail
trans_list: kucyk | mysi ogonek | warkocz | warkoczyk
sense:
A braided plait of hair; now especially, either of two braids or "tails" on the side of the head. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/pika__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pika
trans_list: szczekuszka
sense:
Any of several small, furry mammals, similar to guinea pigs, but related to rabbits, of the family Ochotonidae, from the mountains of North America and Asia.


lexentry: eng/pike__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pike
trans_list: pika | dzida | spisa
sense:
(military, historical) A very long spear used two-handed by infantry soldiers for thrusting (not throwing), both for attacks on enemy foot soldiers and as a countermeasure against cavalry assaults.


lexentry: eng/pilaf__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pilaf
trans_list: pilaw
sense:
A dish made by browning grain, typically rice, in oil and then cooking it with a seasoned broth, to which meat and/or vegetables may be added.


lexentry: eng/pilaster__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pilaster
trans_list: pilaster
sense:
(structural, _, architecture) A column or short wing wall attached to the foundation wall which provides lateral support, or to support a vertical load that does not fall on the foundation wall.


lexentry: eng/pile_driver__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pile driver
trans_list: kafar
sense:
A machine for forcing a pile, a long beam, into the ground as part of the construction of a foundation; usually by raising a weight and then dropping it on the beam.


lexentry: eng/pill__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pill
trans_list: pigułka | tabletka | pastylka
sense:
(broadly) A small, usually round or cylindrical object designed for easy swallowing, usually containing some sort of medication.


lexentry: eng/pill__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pill
trans_list: pigułka | tabletka antykoncepcyjna
sense:
(informal, uncountable, definite, i.e. used with "the") Contraceptive medication, usually in the form of a pill to be taken by a woman; an oral contraceptive pill.


lexentry: eng/pillock__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pillock
trans_list: borsuk
sense:
(UK, Ireland, Australia, New Zealand, derogatory, slang) A stupid or annoying person; a simpleton; a fool.


lexentry: eng/pillory__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pillory
trans_list: dyby | gąsior
sense:
A framework on a post, with holes for the hands and head, used as a means of punishment and humiliation.


lexentry: eng/pillow_word__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pillow word
trans_list: epitet
sense:
In Japanese waka poetry, a poetic device where a certain introductory phrase is commonly used to allude to something else.


lexentry: eng/pilot__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pilot
trans_list: pilot
sense:
A person who knows well the depths and currents of a harbor or coastal area, who is hired by a vessel to help navigate the harbor or coast.


lexentry: eng/pilot__Noun__1
sense_num: 10
written_rep: pilot
trans_list: pilot
sense:
(television) A sample episode of a proposed TV series produced to decide if it should be made or not. If approved, typically the first episode of an actual TV series.


lexentry: eng/pimp__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pimp
trans_list: alfons | sutener
sense:
Someone who solicits customers for prostitution and acts as manager for a group of prostitutes; a pander.


lexentry: eng/pimpernel__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pimpernel
trans_list: kurzyślad
sense:
Any of various plants of the genus Anagallis, having small red, white or purple flowers, especially the scarlet pimpernel (Anagallis arvensis). [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/pimple__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pimple
trans_list: pryszcz | krosta
sense:
(dermatology) An inflamed (raised and colored) spot on the surface of the skin that is usually painful and fills with pus.


lexentry: eng/pin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pin
trans_list: szpilka
sense:
A needle without an eye (usually) made of drawn-out steel wire with one end sharpened and the other flattened or rounded into a head, used for fastening.


lexentry: eng/pin__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: pin
trans_list: kręgiel
sense:
A slender object specially designed for use in a specific game or sport, such as skittles or bowling.


lexentry: eng/pin__Noun__1
sense_num: 10
written_rep: pin
trans_list: związanie
sense:
(chess) Either a scenario in which moving a lesser piece to escape from attack would expose a more valuable piece to being taken instead, or one where moving a piece is impossible as it would place the king in check.


lexentry: eng/pinafore__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pinafore
trans_list: fartuch
sense:
A sleeveless dress, often similar to an apron, generally worn over other clothes, and most often worn by young girls as an overdress.


lexentry: eng/pinball__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pinball
trans_list: flipper
sense:
(games) A game, played on a device with a sloping base, in which the player operates a spring-loaded plunger to shoot a ball, between obstacles, and attempts to hit targets and score points.


lexentry: eng/pinch__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: pinch
trans_list: szczypta
sense:
A small amount of powder or granules, such that the amount could be held between fingertip and thumb tip.


lexentry: eng/pincushion__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pincushion
trans_list: poduszeczka | podduszeczka na igły
sense:
(sewing) A device, originally like a small, stuffed cushion, designed to have sewing pins and needles stuck into it to store them safely; some modern pincushions hold the objects magnetically.


lexentry: eng/pine_nut__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pine nut
trans_list: orzeszek piniowy
sense:
The edible seed of any of several species of evergreen pine, especially Pinus pinea, Pinus cembra, and Pinus cembroides.


lexentry: eng/pineal_gland__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pineal gland
trans_list: szyszynka
sense:
(anatomy, neuroanatomy) A small, pinecone-shaped endocrine gland found near the centre of the brain that produces melatonin.


lexentry: eng/pinery__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pinery
trans_list: ananasarnia
sense:
A hothouse or (tropical) area used as a plantation for the cultivation of pineapple plants (genus Ananas) and production of their homonymous fruit.


lexentry: eng/pinesap__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pinesap
trans_list: korzeniówka
sense:
A myco-heterotroph (Monotropa hypopitys), formerly thought to be a saprophyte, having racemes of drooping flowers.


lexentry: eng/pinko__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pinko
trans_list: róźowy
sense:
(informal, often, derogatory, chiefly, US) A socialist, particularly one who is not wholly communist. [from mid-1930s]


lexentry: eng/pinna__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pinna
trans_list: małżowina uszna | ucho zewnętrzne
sense:
(anatomy) The visible part of the ear that resides outside of the head, the auricle; outer ear excluding the ear canal.


lexentry: eng/pinnacle__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: pinnacle
trans_list: pinakiel | sterczyna | fiala
sense:
(architectural element) An upright member, generally ending in a small spire, used to finish a buttress, to constitute a part in a proportion, as where pinnacles flank a gable or spire.


lexentry: eng/pinniped__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pinniped
trans_list: płetwonogie
sense:
Any of various large marine mammals belonging to the superfamily (formerly considered a suborder) Pinnipedia comprising walruses, eared seals and earless seals.


lexentry: eng/pinocytosis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pinocytosis
trans_list: pinocytoza
sense:
(biology) A form of endocytosis in which material enters a cell through its membrane and is incorporated in vesicles for digestion.


lexentry: eng/pinwheel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pinwheel
trans_list: wiatraczek
sense:
An artificial flower with a stem, usually plastic, for children: the flower spins round in the wind, like a small paper windmill.


lexentry: eng/pion__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pion
trans_list: pion
sense:
(particle) Any of three semistable mesons, having positive, negative or neutral charge, composed of up and down quarks/antiquarks.


lexentry: eng/pioneer__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: pioneer
trans_list: pionier
sense:
(obsolete, military) A soldier detailed or employed to form roads, dig trenches, and make bridges, as an army advances; a sapper.


lexentry: eng/pioneer__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: pioneer
trans_list: pionier
sense:
(Communism) A member of a children’s organization operated by the Communist Party, typically in the second of three stages toward becoming an member of the Party itself.


lexentry: eng/pioneering__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pioneering
trans_list: pionierski | nowatorski
sense:
Involving accomplishments or activities that have not been done before, or developing or using new methods or techniques.


lexentry: eng/pipe__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pipe
trans_list: fujarka | piszczałka
sense:
(musical instrument) A wind instrument consisting of a tube, often lined with holes to allow for adjustment in pitch, sounded by blowing into the tube. [from 10th c.]


lexentry: eng/pipe__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pipe
trans_list: rura
sense:
A rigid tube that transports water, steam, or other fluid, as used in plumbing and numerous other applications. [from 10th c.]


lexentry: eng/pipe__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: pipe
trans_list: potok
sense:
(computing) A mechanism that enables one program to communicate with another by sending its output to the other as input. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/pipette__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pipette
trans_list: pipeta
sense:
(sciences) A small tube, often with an enlargement or bulb in the middle, and usually graduated, used for transferring or delivering measured quantities of a liquid. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/pipit__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pipit
trans_list: świergotek
sense:
Any of various small passerine birds, mainly from the genus Anthus, that are often drab, ground feeding insectivores of open country.


lexentry: eng/piquet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: piquet
trans_list: sztacheta
sense:
(card games) A game of cards for two people, with thirty-two cards, all the deuces, threes, fours, fives, and sixes being set aside.


lexentry: eng/piracy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: piracy
trans_list: piractwo
sense:
(nautical) Robbery at sea, a violation of international law; taking a ship away from the control of those who are legally entitled to it.


lexentry: eng/piranha__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: piranha
trans_list: pirania
sense:
(ichthyology) Any of the carnivorous or frugivorous freshwater fish living in South American rivers and belonging to the subfamily Serrasalminae.


lexentry: eng/pirate__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pirate
trans_list: piracki
sense:
Illegally imitated or reproduced, said of a trademarked product or copyrighted work, or of the counterfeit itself.


lexentry: eng/pirate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pirate
trans_list: pirat | korsarz
sense:
A criminal who plunders at sea; commonly attacking merchant vessels, though often pillaging port towns.


lexentry: eng/pirate__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: pirate
trans_list: pirat
sense:
(by extension) One who breaks intellectual property laws by reproducing protected works without permission.


lexentry: eng/pirozhki__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pirozhki
trans_list: pirożki
sense:
Small pastries filled with finely chopped meat, vegetables or fruit baked or fried, from eastern European cuisine, or a serving of these.


lexentry: eng/piss_oneself__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: piss oneself
trans_list: poszczać się (ze strachu) | zeszczać się (ze strachu)
sense:
(UK, Ireland, Australia, New Zealand, Commonwealth, slang, vulgar) To be very scared (to the extent that one might lose control of one's bladder).


lexentry: eng/piss_oneself__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: piss oneself
trans_list: poszczać się (ze śmiechu) | zeszczać się (ze śmiechu)
sense:
(UK, Ireland, Australia, New Zealand, Commonwealth, slang, vulgar) To laugh uncontrollably (to the extent that one might lose control of one's bladder).


lexentry: eng/pissed_as_a_newt__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
sense: (slang, simile) Drunk to the point of incapacity; inebriated.
written_rep: pissed as a newt
trans_list:
nawalony jak Messerschmitt | nawalony jak stodoła | nawalony jak szpadel | pijany jak świnia | zalany w sztok | zalany w trupa


lexentry: eng/pistil__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pistil
trans_list: słupek
sense:
(botany) A discrete organ in the center of a flower capable of receiving pollen and producing a fruit, it is divided into an ovary, style and stigma. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/piston__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: piston
trans_list: tłok | odrzut
sense:
A solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder, and moves under pressure (as in an engine) or displaces fluid (as in a pump)


lexentry: eng/piston_engine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: piston engine
trans_list: silnik spalinowy
sense:
Any of several types of engine having cylinders containing reciprocating pistons, in which a crankshaft is turned by pistons moving up and down within cylinders; many internal combustion engines and many steam engines have such a mechanism.


lexentry: eng/piston_ring__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: piston ring
trans_list: pierścień tłokowy
sense:
A ring or seal that fits around a piston, sealing between the piston and the bore in which it slides.


lexentry: eng/pit__Noun__1
sense_num: 13
written_rep: pit
trans_list: dół | jama
sense:
Formerly, that part of a theatre, on the floor of the house, below the level of the stage and behind the orchestra; now, in England, commonly the part behind the stalls; in the United States, the parquet; also, the occupants of such a part of a theatre.


lexentry: eng/pit_viper__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pit viper
trans_list: grzechotnik
sense:
Any of various venomous snakes, of the subfamily Crotalinae, found in Asia and the Americas, with a deep pit or fossa on either side of the head that enables them to detect prey by infrared.


lexentry: eng/pitch__Noun__2
sense_num: 03
written_rep: pitch
trans_list: boisko | pole | rzut
sense:
(sports, UK, Australia, NZ) The field on which cricket, soccer, rugby, gridiron or field hockey is played. (In cricket, the pitch is in the centre of the field; see cricket pitch.) (Not often used in the US or Canada, where "field" is the preferred word.)


lexentry: eng/pitch__Noun__2
sense_num: 07
written_rep: pitch
trans_list: odstęp | rozstaw
sense:
The distance between evenly spaced objects, e.g. the teeth of a saw or gear, the turns of a screw thread, the centres of holes, or letters in a monospace font.


lexentry: eng/pitch__Noun__3
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pitch
trans_list: wysokość dźwięku
sense:
(music) The standard to which a group of musical instruments are tuned or in which a piece is performed, usually by reference to the frequency to which the musical note A above middle C is tuned.


lexentry: eng/pitch_accent__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pitch accent
trans_list: akcent toniczny
sense:
(phonology) Any of a variety of restricted tone systems that use variations in pitch to give prominence to a syllable or mora within a word. The placement of this tone or the way it is realized can give different meanings to otherwise similar words.


lexentry: eng/pitcher__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pitcher
trans_list: dzban
sense:
A wide-mouthed, deep vessel for holding liquids, with a spout or protruding lip and a handle; a water jug or jar with a large ear or handle.


lexentry: eng/pitcher_plant__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pitcher plant
trans_list: dzbanecznik | kapturnica
sense:
Any of various insectivorous plants of the genera Sarracenia, Darlingtonia, Heliamphora, Nepenthes, or Cephalotus that have pitcher-like leaves or parts of leaves with slippery sides that attract and trap insects.


lexentry: eng/pitchfork__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pitchfork
trans_list: widły
sense:
An agricultural tool comprising a fork with sparse, light tines, attached to a long handle, used for pitching hay (especially loose hay) high up onto a stack (as on a wagon or haystack, or into a haymow).


lexentry: eng/pitchstone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pitchstone
trans_list: smołowiec
sense:
(geology) a natural glass, rich in microscopic crystallites, formed by the rapid cooling of lava or magma


lexentry: eng/pitfall__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pitfall
trans_list: odrzucić
sense:
(figurative) A potential, unsuspected, hidden problem, hazard, or danger that is easily encountered but not immediately obvious.


lexentry: eng/pitfall__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pitfall
trans_list: potrzask
sense:
(literal) A type of trap consisting of a concealed pit in the ground, which the victim is supposed to fall into and not be able to get out from.


lexentry: eng/pith__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pith
trans_list: medula | miękisz
sense:
The soft, spongy substance inside plant parts; specifically, the parenchyma in the centre of the roots and stems of many plants and trees.


lexentry: eng/piton__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: piton
trans_list: klin
sense:
(climbing) A spike, wedge, or peg that is driven into a rock or ice surface as a support (as for a mountain climber).


lexentry: eng/pituitary_gland__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pituitary gland
trans_list: przysadka mózgowa
sense:
(anatomy) An endocrine gland, about the size of a pea, that sits in a small, bony cavity at the base of the brain whose secretions control the other endocrine glands and influence growth, metabolism, and maturation.


lexentry: eng/pivot__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pivot
trans_list: rdzeń | sworzeń | trzpień
sense:
A thing on which something turns; specifically a metal pointed pin or short shaft in machinery, such as the end of an axle or spindle.


lexentry: eng/pivot_table__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pivot table
trans_list: tabela przestawna
sense:
(computing) A summary table used for automatic sorting, counting and averaging of the data in another table or spreadsheet.


lexentry: eng/pizza__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pizza
trans_list: pizza
sense:
(uncountable) A baked Italian dish of a thinly rolled bread crust typically topped before baking with tomato sauce, cheese, and other ingredients such as meat or vegetables.


lexentry: eng/piñata__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: piñata
trans_list: piniata
sense:
(Latin American culture) A doll or other decorated container that is filled with candy and hit with a hammer or a stick by blindfolded children during birthday parties or other celebrations until the candy falls out.


lexentry: eng/placard__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: placard
trans_list: afisz | plakat
sense:
A sheet of paper or cardboard with a written or printed announcement on one side for display in a public place.


lexentry: eng/placate__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: placate
trans_list: udobruchać
sense:
(transitive) To calm; to bring peace to; to influence someone who was furious to the point that they become content or at least no longer irate.


lexentry: eng/place_of_articulation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: place of articulation
trans_list: miejsce artykulacji
sense:
(phonetics, of a consonant) The point of contact, where an obstruction occurs in the vocal tract between an active (moving) articulator (typically some part of the tongue) and a passive (stationary) articulator (typically some part of the roof of the mouth).


lexentry: eng/place_of_worship__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: place of worship
trans_list: miejsce modlitwy
sense:
A place, usually a building such as a church, mosque, synagogue or temple where believers can practise their faith.


lexentry: eng/place_setting__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: place setting
trans_list: blaszka
sense:
Items of cutlery, crockery and glassware, and sometimes a place mat, arranged for a person at a dining table.


lexentry: eng/placebo_effect__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: placebo effect
trans_list: efekt placebo
sense:
(pharmacology) The tendency of any medication or treatment, even an inert or ineffective one, to exhibit results simply because the recipient believes that it will work.


lexentry: eng/placeholder__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: placeholder
trans_list: symbol zastępczy | zamiennik
sense:
Something used or included temporarily or as a substitute for something that is not known or must remain generic; that which holds, denotes or reserves a place for something to come later.


lexentry: eng/placenta__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: placenta
trans_list: łożysko
sense:
(botany) In flowering plants, the part of the ovary where ovules develop; in non-flowering plants where the spores develop.


lexentry: eng/plagiarism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plagiarism
trans_list: plagiat
sense:
(uncountable) Copying of another person's ideas, text, or other creative work, and presenting it as one's own, especially without permission; plagiarizing.


lexentry: eng/plagiarist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plagiarist
trans_list: plagiator | plagiatorka
sense:
One who plagiarizes; or lifts the words, writings, or ideas of another, and passes them off as his or her own, thus engaging in plagiarism; a literary thief


lexentry: eng/plagiarize__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plagiarize
trans_list: plagiatować | zrzynać
sense:
(ambitransitive) To use, and pass off as one's own, someone else's writing, speech, ideas, or other intellectual or creative work, especially in an academic context; to commit plagiarism.


lexentry: eng/plague__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plague
trans_list: dżuma
sense:
(often used with the, sometimes capitalized: the Plague) The bubonic plague, the pestilent disease caused by the virulent bacterium Yersinia pestis.


lexentry: eng/plague__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: plague
trans_list: mangina
sense:
A widespread affliction, calamity or destructive influx, especially when seen as divine retribution.


lexentry: eng/plaice__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plaice
trans_list: gładzica
sense:
Pleuronectes platessa (European plaice), commonly found in the North Sea and Irish Sea, with smooth brown skin and red or orange spots.


lexentry: eng/plaid__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: plaid
trans_list: pled
sense:
A length of such material used as a piece of clothing, formerly worn in the Scottish Highlands and other parts of northern Britain and remaining as an item of ceremonial dress worn by members of Scottish pipe bands. [from 16thc.]


lexentry: eng/plaintiff__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plaintiff
trans_list: powód | powódka
sense:
(law, UK, _, historic, otherwise, current) A party bringing a suit in civil law against a defendant; accuser.


lexentry: eng/plan__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plan
trans_list: abrys | schemat
sense:
A drawing showing technical details of a building, machine, etc., with unwanted details omitted, and often using symbols rather than detailed drawing to represent doors, valves, etc.


lexentry: eng/plan__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: plan
trans_list: plan
sense:
A two-dimensional drawing of a building as seen from above with obscuring or irrelevant details such as roof removed, or of a floor of a building, revealing the internal layout; as distinct from the elevation.


lexentry: eng/planche__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: planche
trans_list: deska
sense:
(gymnastics) A position where the gymnast is horizontal and face-down, using only the hands as support.


lexentry: eng/plane__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: plane
trans_list: płaszczyzna
sense:
(geometry) A flat surface extending infinitely in all directions (e.g. horizontal or vertical plane).


lexentry: eng/plane_angle__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: plane angle
trans_list: kąt płaski
sense:
(geometry) An angle formed by two intersecting planes, measured by the angle between two intersecting straight lines that are in respective planes and perpendicular to the intersection of the planes.


lexentry: eng/planer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: planer
trans_list: hebel
sense:
(woodworking) A tool which smooths a surface or makes one surface of a workpiece parallel to the tool's bed.


lexentry: eng/planet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: planet
trans_list: planeta
sense:
(now, historical, or, astrology) Each of the seven major bodies which move relative to the fixed stars in the night sky—the Moon, Mercury, Venus, the Sun, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn. [from 14thc.]


lexentry: eng/planet__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: planet
trans_list: planeta
sense:
(astronomy) A body which is massive enough to be in hydrostatic equilibrium (generally resulting in being an ellipsoid) but not enough to attain nuclear fusion and, in IAU usage, which directly orbits a star (or star cluster) and dominates the region of its orbit; specifically, in the case of the Solar system, the eight major bodies of Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. [from 2006]


lexentry: eng/planetarium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: planetarium
trans_list: planetarium
sense:
A display museum in which images of stars and other astronomical phenomena are projected onto a domed ceiling.


lexentry: eng/planetary_nebula__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: planetary nebula
trans_list: mgławica planetarna
sense:
(astronomy) A nebulosity surrounding a dying red giant, consisting of material expelled by the star.


lexentry: eng/planetesimal__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: planetesimal
trans_list: planetozymal
sense:
(astronomy) Any of many small, solid astronomical objects that orbit a star and form protoplanets through mutual gravitational attraction.


lexentry: eng/planner__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: planner
trans_list: agenda
sense:
A notebook or software in which one keeps reminders of items such as appointments, tasks, projects, and contacts.


lexentry: eng/planning_permission__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: planning permission
trans_list: projekt budowlany
sense:
(Britain, construction, law) Legal permission granted by a government authority to construct on one's land, or to change the use of the land. [from mid 1940s]


lexentry: eng/plant__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plant
trans_list: roślina | roślina zielna
sense:
(botany) An organism that is not an animal, especially an organism capable of photosynthesis. Typically a small or herbaceous organism of this kind, rather than a tree.


lexentry: eng/plant__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: plant
trans_list: roślina
sense:
(botany) An organism of the kingdom Plantae; now specifically, a living organism of the Embryophyta (land plants) or of the Chlorophyta (green algae), a eukaryote that includes double-membraned chloroplasts in its cells containing chlorophyll a and b, or any organism closely related to such an organism.


lexentry: eng/plant__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: plant
trans_list: roślina
sense:
(ecology) Now specifically, a multicellular eukaryote that includes chloroplasts in its cells, which have a cell wall.


lexentry: eng/plant__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plant
trans_list: sadzić | zasadzić
sense:
(ambitransitive) To place (a seed or plant) in soil or other substrate in order that it may live and grow.


lexentry: eng/plant__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: plant
trans_list: podkładać | podrzucać | podrzucić | podłożyć
sense:
(transitive) To place (an object, or sometimes a person), often with the implication of intending deceit.


lexentry: eng/plantain__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plantain
trans_list: babka
sense:
A plant of the genus Plantago, with a rosette of sessile leaves about 10 cm (4") long with a narrow part instead of a petiole, and with a spike inflorescence with the flower spacing varying widely among the species. See also psyllium.


lexentry: eng/plantaris__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plantaris
trans_list: mięsień podeszwowy
sense:
(muscles) A muscle running at the posterior compartment of the calf from the knee to over the hump of the heel.


lexentry: eng/plantation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plantation
trans_list: plantacja
sense:
A large farm; estate or area of land designated for agricultural growth. Often includes housing for the owner and workers.


lexentry: eng/plaque__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plaque
trans_list: płyta | tablica
sense:
(countable) Any flat, thin piece of clay, ivory, metal, etc., used for ornament, or for painting pictures upon, as a dish, plate, slab, etc., hung upon a wall; also, a smaller decoration worn by a person, such as a brooch.


lexentry: eng/plaque__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: plaque
trans_list: tablica pamiątkowa
sense:
(countable) A piece of flat metal with writing on it, attached to a building, monument, or other structure to remind people of a person or an event.


lexentry: eng/plaque__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: plaque
trans_list: blaszka
sense:
(countable, uncountable, pathology) An abnormal accumulation of material in or on an organ of the body, often associated with disease.


lexentry: eng/plasmon__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: plasmon
trans_list: plazmon
sense:
(physics, astronomy) The quantum of waves produced by the collective effects of large numbers of electrons when disturbed from equilibrium.


lexentry: eng/plaster__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: plaster
trans_list: gips | tynk
sense:
(uncountable) A mixture of lime or gypsum, sand, and water, sometimes with the addition of fibres, that hardens to a smooth solid and is used for coating walls and ceilings; render, stucco.


lexentry: eng/plaster_cast__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plaster cast
trans_list: gips
sense:
(surgery) A cast made of a stiff material (often plaster of Paris and gauze) in order to immobilize a broken bone for the period of healing.


lexentry: eng/plaster_of_Paris__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plaster of Paris
trans_list: gips
sense:
A hemihydrate of calcium sulfate, made by calcining gypsum, that hardens when moistened and allowed to dry; used to make casts, molds and sculpture.


lexentry: eng/plasterboard__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plasterboard
trans_list: płyta gipsowo-kartonowa
sense:
A construction material consisting of a rigid panel of several layers of fibreboard or paper bonded to a gypsum core.


lexentry: eng/plastic__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: plastic
trans_list: plastik
sense:
(figurative, slang) insincerity; fakeness, or a person who is fake or arrogant, or believes that they are better than the rest of the population.


lexentry: eng/plastic_art__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plastic art
trans_list: sztuki plastyczne
sense:
An art form which involves physical manipulation of a three-dimensional medium by moulding or modeling such as sculpture or ceramics.


lexentry: eng/plastic_bag__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plastic bag
trans_list: reklamówka | foliówka | zrywka
sense:
A type of packaging made of thin, flexible, plastic film, starch, or plastic textile, used for containing and transporting food, waste, and consumer goods. (This entry is a translation hub.)


lexentry: eng/plasticity__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: plasticity
trans_list: plastyczność
sense:
(physics) The property of a solid body whereby it undergoes a permanent change in shape or size when subjected to a stress exceeding a particular value (the yield value).


lexentry: eng/plasticizer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plasticizer
trans_list: plastifikator | zmiękczacz
sense:
Any of various substances added to a material (such as plastic or concrete) in order to make it more pliable.


lexentry: eng/plastid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plastid
trans_list: plastyd
sense:
(cytology) Any of various organelles found in the cells of plants and algae, often concerned with photosynthesis


lexentry: eng/plastron__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plastron
trans_list: plastron
sense:
The nearly flat part of the shell structure of a tortoise or other animal, similar in composition to the carapace.


lexentry: eng/plastron__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: plastron
trans_list: plastron
sense:
A film of air trapped by specialized hairs against the body of an aquatic insect, and which acts as an external gill.


lexentry: eng/platelet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: platelet
trans_list: trombocyt | płytka krwi
sense:
(hematology, cytology) A small colorless disk-shaped particle found in the blood of mammals, which plays an important role in the formation of blood clots.


lexentry: eng/platform__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: platform
trans_list: peron | platforma
sense:
A raised floor for any purpose, e.g. for workmen during construction, or formerly for military cannon.


lexentry: eng/platform_game__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: platform game
trans_list: gra platformowa | platformówka
sense:
(video game genre) A video game of the genre characterized by jumping (or otherwise moving) to and from suspended platforms or over obstacles.


lexentry: eng/platinum__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: platinum
trans_list: platynowa | platynowy
sense:
Of a musical recording that has sold over one million copies (for singles), or two million (for albums).


lexentry: eng/platitude__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: platitude
trans_list: frazes
sense:
(countable) An often-quoted saying that is supposed to be meaningful but has become unoriginal or hackneyed through overuse.


lexentry: eng/platoon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: platoon
trans_list: pluton
sense:
(military) A unit of thirty to forty soldiers typically commanded by a lieutenant and forming part of a company.


lexentry: eng/platypus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: platypus
trans_list: dziobak
sense:
A semi-aquatic, egg-laying monotreme mammal with a bill resembling that of a duck, that has a mole-like body, a tail resembling that of a beaver, a waterproof pelt, and flat webbed feet – males have poisonous spurs on the inside of the back legs; Ornithorhynchus anatinus.


lexentry: eng/plausibility__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: plausibility
trans_list: prawdopodobnie
sense:
(now in more positive sense) The fact of being believable; believability, credibility. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/plausible_deniability__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plausible deniability
trans_list: wiarygodne zaprzeczenie
sense:
(politics, business, military, espionage) The organization of clandestine activity in such a way that knowledge of its existence may be denied by those in authority.


lexentry: eng/play__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: play
trans_list: sztuka
sense:
(countable) A literary composition, intended to be represented by actors impersonating the characters and speaking the dialogue.


lexentry: eng/play__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: play
trans_list: bawić się | grać
sense:
(intransitive) To act in a manner such that one has fun; to engage in activities expressly for the purpose of recreation or entertainment.


lexentry: eng/play__Verb__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: play
trans_list: grać | muzykować
sense:
(transitive, especially, of a, person) To produce music (or a specified song or musical style) using (a specified musical instrument).


lexentry: eng/play_by_ear__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: play by ear
trans_list: grać ze słuchu
sense:
(transitive, and, intransitive, of, music) To play guided by one's musical ear, rather than from a written score.


lexentry: eng/play_by_ear__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: play by ear
trans_list: improwizować | puszczać na żywioł | puścić na żywioł
sense:
(transitive, and, intransitive, idiomatic) To do by guessing, intuition, or trial and error; to react to events as they occur, often with risk of negative outcomes; improvise


lexentry: eng/play_doctor__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: play doctor
trans_list: bawić się w doktora
sense:
(sexuality, usually of minors) To explore or sexually engage with another person's private parts, particularly in the context of roleplay of a medical nature.


lexentry: eng/play_gooseberry__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: play gooseberry
trans_list: być piątym kołem u wozu
sense:
(dated, UK, _, slang) To be an unwanted third party accompanying two lovers, to serve as a chaperon.


lexentry: eng/play_hooky__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: play hooky
trans_list: iść na wagary | pójść na wagary
sense:
(idiomatic, US) To play truant; to avoid (informally: skip) school, work, or other duties (stay away from these without permission nor an excuse); to skive or to bunk off (UK);


lexentry: eng/play_with__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: play with
trans_list: bawić się
sense:
(transitive) To fiddle with; make small adjustments to, for example to something mechanical in order to improve its performance.


lexentry: eng/play_with_fire__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: play with fire
trans_list: igrać z ogniem | bawić się zapałkami
sense:
(idiomatic) To put oneself in a precarious situation with a high risk of getting harmed, particularly emotionally or financially.


lexentry: eng/playboy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: playboy
trans_list: playboy
sense:
A single man, especially a wealthy one, who devotes himself to a life of leisure and pleasure, often sexual, without commitments or responsibilities.


lexentry: eng/playdate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: playdate
trans_list: kinderbal
sense:
The occasion of a child having a friend come over to play at their house, traditionally scheduled by both children's parents.


lexentry: eng/playground__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: playground
trans_list: plac zabaw
sense:
(outdoors) A large open space for children to play in, usually having dedicated play equipment (such as swings and slides). [1780]


lexentry: eng/playing_card__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: playing card
trans_list: karta | karta do gry
sense:
Any of the usually 52 rectangular pieces of card used to play numerous games, featuring either one to 10 pips or a picture and belonging of one of four suits.


lexentry: eng/playlist__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: playlist
trans_list: lista odtwarzania | playlista
sense:
(computing) A list of tracks or videos to be played in a particular sequence, as from an audio CD or a streaming service.


lexentry: eng/pleach__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pleach
trans_list: plecenie | plecionka
sense:
An act or result of interweaving; specifically, (horticulture) a hedge or lattice created by interweaving the branches of shrubs, trees, etc.


lexentry: eng/pleach__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pleach
trans_list: pleść
sense:
(transitive) To unite by interweaving, as (horticulture) branches of shrubs, trees, etc., to create a hedge; to interlock, to plash.


lexentry: eng/please_repeat_after_me__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: please repeat after me
trans_list: proszę powtarzać za mną
sense:
A request for the interlocutor to repeat what the speaker says next. Often used in language training.


lexentry: eng/please_say_that_again__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
sense: Used as request for the interlocutor to repeat what he or she said previously.
written_rep: please say that again
trans_list:
Mogłabyś powtórzyć? | Mógłbyś powtórzyć? | Przepraszam, mogłaby pani powtórzyć? | Przepraszam, mógłby pan powtórzyć?


lexentry: eng/please_turn_left__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: please turn left
trans_list: proszę skręcić w lewo
sense:
When giving directions to a person (for example, a taxi driver), indicates that he or she should turn left.


lexentry: eng/please_turn_right__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: please turn right
trans_list: proszę skręcić w prawo
sense:
When giving directions to a person (for example, a taxi driver), indicates that he or she should turn right.


lexentry: eng/pleased_to_meet_you__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
sense: A polite formula used when being introduced to somebody.
written_rep: pleased to meet you
trans_list:
miło mi Pana poznać | miło mi Panią poznać | miło mi Państwa poznać | miło mi cię poznać | miło mi was poznać


lexentry: eng/pleat__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pleat
trans_list: plisa
sense:
(sewing) A fold in the fabric of a garment, usually a skirt, as a part of the design of the garment, with the purpose of adding controlled fullness and freedom of movement, or taking up excess fabric. There are many types of pleats, differing in their construction and appearance.


lexentry: eng/plebiscite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plebiscite
trans_list: plebiscyt
sense:
(law, politics) A direct popular vote on an issue of public importance, such as an amendment to the constitution, a change in the sovereignty of the nation, or some government policy.


lexentry: eng/plectrum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plectrum
trans_list: plektron | kostka
sense:
(music) A small piece of plastic, metal, ivory, etc., for plucking the strings of a guitar, lyre, mandolin, etc.


lexentry: eng/plenipotentiary__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plenipotentiary
trans_list: pełnomocnik | ambasador
sense:
A person invested with full powers, especially as the diplomatic agent of a sovereign state, (originally) charged with handling a certain matter. [from c. 1645]


lexentry: eng/pleonasm__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pleonasm
trans_list: pleonazm
sense:
(countable) A phrase involving pleonasm; a phrase containing one or more words which are redundant because their meaning is expressed elsewhere in the phrase.


lexentry: eng/pleophony__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pleophony
trans_list: pełnogłos
sense:
(phonology) The phenomenon by which the Late Proto-Slavic "liquid diphthongs", formed from a vowel followed by a liquid *r or *l, become disyllabic -oro-, -ere- and -olo- reflexes in East Slavic languages.


lexentry: eng/plesiosaur__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plesiosaur
trans_list: plezjozaur
sense:
Any of several extinct marine reptiles, of the order †Plesiosauria, from the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods. [from c. 1840]


lexentry: eng/pleura__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pleura
trans_list: opłucna
sense:
(anatomy) Each of a pair of smooth serous membranes which line the thorax and envelop the lungs in humans and other mammals.


lexentry: eng/plexiglass__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plexiglass
trans_list: pleksiglas
sense:
polymethyl methacrylate (polymer of methyl methacrylate), a tough transparent plastic used sometimes in lieu of glass.


lexentry: eng/plicate__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plicate
trans_list: składany
sense:
(biology) Folded multiple times lengthwise like a fan, usually lending stiffness to a flat structure such as a leaf; corrugated; pleated.


lexentry: eng/pliers__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pliers
trans_list: cęgi | szczypce | cążki | kombinerki | kleszcze
sense:
A pincer-like gripping tool that multiplies the strength of the user's hand, often used for bending things.


lexentry: eng/plodder__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: plodder
trans_list: grzebuła | guzdrała | maruda | maruder | ślamazara | ślamazarnik
sense:
A person who works slowly, making a great effort with little result; a person who studies laboriously.


lexentry: eng/plop__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plop
trans_list: pluśnięcie
sense:
(countable) A sound or action like liquid hitting a hard surface, or an object falling into a body of water.


lexentry: eng/plot__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plot
trans_list: fabuła | sjużet
sense:
(narratology) The course of a story, comprising a series of incidents which are gradually unfolded, sometimes by unexpected means. [from 1640s]


lexentry: eng/plot__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: plot
trans_list: spisek
sense:
A secret plan to achieve an end, the end or means usually being illegal or otherwise questionable. [from 1580s]


lexentry: eng/plot_twist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plot twist
trans_list: zwrot akcji
sense:
A change in the direction or expected outcome of the plot of a film, novel, or other narrative work.


lexentry: eng/plotter__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: plotter
trans_list: ploter | plotter
sense:
(computing) An output device that draws graphs and other pictorial images on paper, sometimes using attached pens.


lexentry: eng/plough__Verb__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: plough
trans_list: orać
sense:
(joinery) To cut a groove in, as in a plank, or the edge of a board; especially, a rectangular groove to receive the end of a shelf or tread, the edge of a panel, a tongue, etc.


lexentry: eng/plug__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plug
trans_list: wtyczka
sense:
(electricity) A pronged connecting device which fits into a mating socket, especially an electrical one.


lexentry: eng/plum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plum
trans_list: śliwka
sense:
An edible, fleshy stone fruit of Prunus domestica (European plum), often of a dark red or purple colour. [from 8th c.]


lexentry: eng/plumage__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plumage
trans_list: pierze
sense:
(ornithology, collective noun) Layer or collection of feathers covering a bird’s body; feathers used ornamentally; feathering.


lexentry: eng/plumb__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plumb
trans_list: pocisk
sense:
A little mass of lead, or the like, attached to a line, and used by builders, etc., to indicate a vertical direction.


lexentry: eng/plumber__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: plumber
trans_list: hydraulik
sense:
One who furnishes, fits, and repairs pipes and other apparatus for the conveyance of water, gas, or drainage.


lexentry: eng/plumbing__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plumbing
trans_list: instalacja wodno-kanalizacyjna
sense:
The pipes, together with the joints, tanks, stopcocks, taps, and other fixtures of a water, gas, or sewage system in a house or other building.


lexentry: eng/plumbism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plumbism
trans_list: ołowica
sense:
(medicine) A diseased condition, produced by the absorption of lead, common among workers in this metal or in its compounds, as among painters, typesetters, etc. Symptoms include lead colic, lead line, and wrist drop.


lexentry: eng/plume__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plume
trans_list: pióro
sense:
(archaic, literary, and, poetic) A feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration.


lexentry: eng/plume__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: plume
trans_list: pióropusz
sense:
(archaic, literary, and, poetic) A cluster of feathers worn as an ornament, especially on a helmet; a hackle.


lexentry: eng/plume__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: plume
trans_list: pióropusz
sense:
(geology) Short for mantle plume (“an upwelling of abnormally hot molten material from the Earth's mantle which spreads sideways when it reaches the lithosphere”).


lexentry: eng/plume__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: plume
trans_list: pióropusz
sense:
The furry tail of certain dog breeds (such as the Samoyed) that curls over their backs or stands erect.


lexentry: eng/plummet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plummet
trans_list: ciężarek | pion
sense:
(archaic, nautical) A piece of lead attached to a line, used in sounding the depth of water; a plumb bob or a plumb line.


lexentry: eng/pluperfect_tense__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pluperfect tense
trans_list: czas zaprzeszły
sense:
(grammar, of a verb) Tense of a verb used when referring to something that happened before a past setting or the imperfect; formed in English by adding had before the past participle of a verb, or by adding had been before the present participle of the verb.


lexentry: eng/plural__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plural
trans_list: liczba mnoga
sense:
(grammar, uncountable) The plural number. In English, referring to more or less than one of something.


lexentry: eng/plural__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: plural
trans_list: liczba mnoga
sense:
(grammar, countable) A word in the form in which it potentially refers to something other than one person or thing; and other than two things if the language has a dual form.


lexentry: eng/plurale_tantum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plurale tantum
trans_list: plurale tantum
sense:
(grammar) A noun (either in certain of its senses or in all its senses) that does not generally have a singular form.


lexentry: eng/plus_sign__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plus sign
trans_list: plus
sense:
(arithmetic) The symbol + used to denote the operation of additio1, to indicate that a number is positive, and so on.


lexentry: eng/plutino__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plutino
trans_list: plutonek
sense:
(astronomy) Any planetoid in the Kuiper belt whose orbit, like that of Pluto, has a resonance of 3:2 with that of Neptune.


lexentry: eng/plutonium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: plutonium
trans_list: pluton
sense:
The transuranic chemical element with atomic number 94 and symbol Pu: a silvery-gray fissile radioactive actinide metal that tarnishes when exposed to air.


lexentry: eng/pneumonia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pneumonia
trans_list: zapalenie płuc
sense:
An acute or chronic inflammation of the lungs caused by viruses, bacteria or other microorganisms, or sometimes by physical or chemical irritants.


lexentry: eng/pneumothorax__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pneumothorax
trans_list: odma opłucnowa
sense:
(medicine) Presence of air inside the pleural cavity, usually caused by injury either to the lung or the chest wall.


lexentry: eng/pnictogen__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pnictogen
trans_list: azotowiec
sense:
(chemistry) Any element from group 15 of the periodic table, which includes nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony and bismuth.


lexentry: eng/po-faced__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: po-faced
trans_list: nieprzystępny
sense:
(British) Wearing a particularly stern and disapproving expression; humourless; priggish. [from 1930s]


lexentry: eng/poacher__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: poacher
trans_list: kłusownik
sense:
A person who trespasses in order to take game illegally, one who poaches; a person who illegally takes animals or plants from the wild.


lexentry: eng/pocket__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: pocket
trans_list: łuza
sense:
(sports, billiards, pool, snooker) An indention and cavity with a net sack or similar structure (into which the balls are to be struck) at each corner and one centered on each side of a pool or snooker table.


lexentry: eng/podcast__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: podcast
trans_list: podcast | słuchowisko
sense:
A programme, especially an audio programme, produced on a regular basis, delivered over the Internet in a compressed digital format and designed for playback on computers or portable devices such as mobile phones. [from early 21st c.]


lexentry: eng/podium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: podium
trans_list: podest | podium
sense:
A platform on which to stand, as when conducting an orchestra or preaching at a pulpit; any low platform or dais.


lexentry: eng/podium__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: podium
trans_list: podium
sense:
(sports, and, other competitions) A steepled platform upon which the three competitors with the best results may stand when being handed their medals or prize.


lexentry: eng/poetic_justice__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: poetic justice
trans_list: poetycka sprawiedliwość
sense:
(by extension, generally) The fact of someone experiencing what they deserve for their actions, especially when this happens in an ironic manner.


lexentry: eng/poetic_licence__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: poetic licence
trans_list: licentia poetica
sense:
Any departure from convention or from factual accuracy taken by a writer to achieve a desired effect.


lexentry: eng/poetry__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: poetry
trans_list: poezja
sense:
(figurative) An artistic quality that appeals to or evokes the emotions, in any medium; something having such a quality.


lexentry: eng/pogo_stick__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pogo stick
trans_list: pogo
sense:
A toy, used for hopping up and down on, consisting of a pole with a T-bar handle at one end, and spring-loaded footpads on the other.


lexentry: eng/poinsettia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: poinsettia
trans_list: poinsecja | gwiazda betlejemska | wilczomlecz piękny | poinsecja nadobna | wilczomlecz nadobny
sense:
A plant, Euphorbia pulcherrima, with rather small and insignificant flowers surrounded by large bright red leaves; native to Mexico and Central America and widely cultivated as a garden plant.


lexentry: eng/point__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: point
trans_list: punkt | kropka
sense:
(mathematics, science) A zero-dimensional mathematical object representing a location in one or more dimensions; something considered to have position but no magnitude or direction. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/point__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: point
trans_list: przecinek | argument | punkt widzenia | racja
sense:
(automotive, mostly, in the plural) Either of the two metal surfaces in a distributor which close or open to allow or prevent the flow of current through the ignition coil. There is usually a moving point, pushed by the distributor cam, and a fixed point, and they are built together as a unit.


lexentry: eng/point__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: point
trans_list: punkt
sense:
(typography) a unit of measure equal to 1/12 of a pica, or approximately 1/72 of an inch (exactly 1/72 of an inch in the digital era). [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/point__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: point
trans_list: wskazywać | wskazać
sense:
(intransitive) To extend the index finger in the direction of something in order to show where it is or to draw attention to it.


lexentry: eng/point_guard__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: point guard
trans_list: baza
sense:
(basketball) A guard who is usually the shortest of the five basketball positions, and specializes in handling the ball, distributing it to the other players and generally running the team's offense.


lexentry: eng/point_of_inflection__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: point of inflection
trans_list: punkt przegięcia
sense:
(mathematics) a point on a curve at which the sign of the curvature changes; at this point the second derivative of the underlying function will be zero, but positive on one side and negative on the other.


lexentry: eng/point_of_interest__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: point of interest
trans_list: ciekawe miejsce
sense:
A location that is worth visiting because it is a tourist attraction or the base for some type of service such as a restaurant or shop.


lexentry: eng/point_of_no_return__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: point of no return
trans_list: punkt bez powrotu
sense:
(aviation) The point in an aircraft's flight when there is insufficient fuel to reverse direction and return to the place of origin.


lexentry: eng/point_out__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: point out
trans_list: wskazywać | wskazać
sense:
(transitive, idiomatic) To identify among a group of similar subjects, or in a scene where the subject might not be readily seen or noticed, with a gesture of the body.


lexentry: eng/pointer__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: pointer
trans_list: wskazówka | wskaźnik
sense:
A needle-like component of a timepiece or measuring device that indicates the time or the current reading of the device.


lexentry: eng/pointlessness__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pointlessness
trans_list: bezcelowość
sense:
(countable) The lack of meaning, purpose, or ideas; the characteristic or condition of being pointless.


lexentry: eng/points__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: points
trans_list: rozjazd
sense:
(rail transport, UK, Ireland, Australia, NZ, India) Movable rails which can be used to switch a train from one railway track to another.


lexentry: eng/poisoned_chalice__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: poisoned chalice
trans_list: niedźwiedzia przysługa | koszula Dejaniry
sense:
(idiomatic) Something which is initially regarded as advantageous but which is later recognized to be disadvantageous or harmful; an apparently beneficial or benign instrument or scheme for causing death or harm.


lexentry: eng/poker__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: poker
trans_list: ożóg | pogrzebacz
sense:
A metal rod, generally of wrought iron, for adjusting the burning logs or coals in a fire; a firestick. [from earlier 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/polar__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polar
trans_list: biegunowy | polarny
sense:
(geography) Of, relating to, measured from, or referred to a geographic pole (the North Pole or South Pole); within the Arctic or Antarctic circles.


lexentry: eng/polar__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polar
trans_list: biegunowy
sense:
(mathematics) Of a coordinate system, specifying the location of a point in a plane by using a radius and an angle.


lexentry: eng/polar_bear__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polar bear
trans_list: niedźwiedź polarny | niedźwiedź biały
sense:
A hypercarnivorous species of bear, Ursus maritimus, whose native range lies largely within the Arctic Circle.


lexentry: eng/polar_circle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polar circle
trans_list: koło podbiegunowe | krąg polarny
sense:
(geography) Either of the two parallels of the Earth located at the latitude of 66° 33′ 44″ N and 66° 33′ 44″ S.


lexentry: eng/polar_night__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polar night
trans_list: noc polarna
sense:
A period of darkness that occurs in winter in polar regions north from the Arctic Circle and south from the Antarctic Circle, and during which the sun stays below the horizon.


lexentry: eng/polarization__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polarization
trans_list: polaryzacja
sense:
(physics) the production of polarized light; the direction in which the electric field of an electromagnetic wave points


lexentry: eng/pole__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pole
trans_list: pręt | drąg
sense:
Originally, a stick; now specifically, a long and slender piece of metal or (especially) wood, used for various construction or support purposes.


lexentry: eng/pole__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: pole
trans_list: tyczka
sense:
A long sports implement used for pole-vaulting; now made of glassfiber or carbon fiber, formerly also metal, bamboo and wood have been used.


lexentry: eng/pole__Noun__2
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pole
trans_list: biegun
sense:
A point of magnetic focus, especially each of the two opposing such points of a magnet (designated north and south).


lexentry: eng/pole__Noun__2
sense_num: 04
written_rep: pole
trans_list: biegun
sense:
(electricity) A contact on an electrical device (such as a battery) at which electric current enters or leaves.


lexentry: eng/pole__Noun__2
sense_num: 05
written_rep: pole
trans_list: biegun
sense:
(complex analysis) For a meromorphic function f(z), any point a for which f(z) \rightarrow \infty as z \rightarrow a.


lexentry: eng/pole_star__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pole star
trans_list: gwiazda polarna
sense:
(star) The star visible to the naked eye which was in the past, is now, or will be in the future nearest a celestial pole of a planet.


lexentry: eng/pole_vault__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pole vault
trans_list: skok o tyczce
sense:
(athletics) a jumping event contested in track and field which requires an athlete to carry a fiberglass pole down a runway, plant the pole into a vaulting box and vault over a fiberglass bar, landing on a matted pit


lexentry: eng/polearm__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polearm
trans_list: broń drzewcowa
sense:
A close-quarter combat weapon with the main fighting part of the weapon placed on the end of a long shaft, typically of wood.


lexentry: eng/polemical__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polemical
trans_list: polemiczny
sense:
(somewhat, _, derogative) Prone to causing disputes; inclined to causing the expression of opposing opinions, disputatious, contentious, edgy.


lexentry: eng/polenta__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polenta
trans_list: polenta
sense:
Any of various types and consistencies of a starchy accompaniment to a meal made from coarse maize-meal porridge, sometimes fried or grilled.


lexentry: eng/police__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: police
trans_list: policja
sense:
(North America, &, _, historical) A department of local (usually municipal) government responsible for general law enforcement.


lexentry: eng/police_brutality__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: police brutality
trans_list: brutalność policji
sense:
The use of excessive, unjustified force, typically of a physical nature, but also including verbal abuse and psychological intimidation, by a police officer while carrying out law enforcement duties.


lexentry: eng/police_state__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: police state
trans_list: państwo policyjne
sense:
(usually, pejorative) A polity whose government exercises strict and repressive control of the people.


lexentry: eng/police_station__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: police station
trans_list: komisariat | posterunek policji | komenda policji
sense:
A building serving as the headquarters of a branch of the police force, and sometimes as a temporary place of confinement for offenders.


lexentry: eng/policy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: policy
trans_list: polityka
sense:
A principle of behaviour, conduct etc. thought to be desirable or necessary, especially as formally expressed by a government or other authoritative body. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/policy__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: policy
trans_list: polityka
sense:
Wise or advantageous conduct; prudence, formerly also with connotations of craftiness. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/poliomyelitis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: poliomyelitis
trans_list: choroba Heinego-Medina | heinemedina | polio | porażenie dziecięce
sense:
(pathology) Acute infection by the poliovirus, especially of the motor neurons in the spinal cord and brainstem, leading to muscle weakness, paralysis and sometimes deformity.


lexentry: eng/politburo__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: politburo
trans_list: politbiuro | Biuro Polityczne
sense:
The governing council and chief policymaking body of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and other Marxist-Leninist political systems.


lexentry: eng/political__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: political
trans_list: polityczny
sense:
(pejorative) Motivated, especially inappropriately, by political (electoral; or, more generally, power, standing, influence or conflict) calculation.


lexentry: eng/political__Adjective__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: political
trans_list: polityczny
sense:
Of or relating to views about social relationships that involve power, standing, influence or conflict.


lexentry: eng/political_asylum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: political asylum
trans_list: azyl
sense:
The protection, by a sovereign state, of a person who is persecuted in their own country for their political opinions or activity


lexentry: eng/political_opposition__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: political opposition
trans_list: opozycja
sense:
A recognized political party or group of parties in multiparty political systems that is present in Parliament or some other legislative body and does not control the floor (usually due to being in the minority).


lexentry: eng/political_party__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: political party
trans_list: partia polityczna | partia | stronnictwo
sense:
A political organization that subscribes to a certain ideology and seeks to attain political power through representation in government.


lexentry: eng/polity__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polity
trans_list: reżim
sense:
(politics, religion, usually, uncountable) Organizational structure and governance, especially of a state or a religion.


lexentry: eng/pollination__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pollination
trans_list: zapylenie
sense:
(botany) The transfer of pollen from an anther to a stigma; effected by insects, birds, bats and the wind etc.


lexentry: eng/polling_station__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polling station
trans_list: lokal wyborczy
sense:
(Britain, Canada, Australia) a place where voters go to cast their ballot in an election or referendum; a voting station


lexentry: eng/pollution__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pollution
trans_list: zanieczyszczenie
sense:
Physical contamination, now especially the contamination of the environment by harmful substances, or by disruptive levels of noise, light etc. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/polo__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polo
trans_list: polo
sense:
(uncountable) A ball game where two teams of players on horseback use long-handled mallets to propel the ball along the ground and into their opponent's goal.


lexentry: eng/polo_shirt__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polo shirt
trans_list: koszulka polo | polo | polówka
sense:
A casual, usually short-sleeved, shirt with a protruding collar and a small number of buttons extending a short distance below the collar (and not all the way down the front of the shirt).


lexentry: eng/poltergeist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: poltergeist
trans_list: poltergeist
sense:
(parapsychology) An unseen ghost which makes noises and causes disruption, especially by causing physical objects to move or fly about.


lexentry: eng/polyamide__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polyamide
trans_list: poliamid
sense:
(organic chemistry) Any of a range of polymers containing amide (or peptide) repeat units; examples include proteins and nylon.


lexentry: eng/polyamory__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polyamory
trans_list: poliamoria
sense:
Any of various practices involving romantic or sexual relationships with multiple partners with the knowledge and consent of all involved.


lexentry: eng/polyandry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polyandry
trans_list: poliandria
sense:
The having of a plurality of husbands at the same time; usually, the marriage of a woman to more than one man, or the practice of having several husbands, at the same time.


lexentry: eng/polycarbonate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polycarbonate
trans_list: poliwęglany
sense:
(chemistry) Any of a range of polymers of aromatic carbonates; they are used to make light, flexible alternatives to glass. Abbreviation: PC


lexentry: eng/polychete__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polychete
trans_list: wieloszczet
sense:
Any of many annelid worms, of the class Polychaeta, such as the lugworm; they have a segmented body with pairs of bristles on each segment.


lexentry: eng/polycondensation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polycondensation
trans_list: polikondensacja
sense:
(chemistry) Any condensation reaction, of a monomer having two functional groups, which leads to the formation of a polymer (a polycondensate).


lexentry: eng/polycystic_ovary_syndrome__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polycystic ovary syndrome
trans_list: zespół policystycznych jajników
sense:
(medicine) A syndrome characterised by polycystic ovaries, menstrual disturbance, and high levels of androgens or insulin.


lexentry: eng/polycythemia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polycythemia
trans_list: nadkrwistość
sense:
(disease) A rare disorder in which the bone marrow produces an abnormally large amount of blood cells, often red blood cells.


lexentry: eng/polyethylene__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polyethylene
trans_list: polietylen
sense:
(organic compound) A polymer consisting of many ethylene monomers bonded together; used for kitchenware, containers etc.


lexentry: eng/polygamy__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: polygamy
trans_list: poligamia | wielożeństwo
sense:
(often, especially in common use) Synonym of polygyny (“marriage of a man to more than one wife, the practice of having several wives at the same time”)


lexentry: eng/polyglot__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polyglot
trans_list: poliglota
sense:
A publication in several languages; specifically, a book (especially a bible) containing several versions of the same subject matter or text in several languages.


lexentry: eng/polygonum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polygonum
trans_list: rdest
sense:
(botany) Any of many plants, of the family Polygonaceae, embracing a large number of species, including bistort, knotweed, smartweed, etc.


lexentry: eng/polygyny__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polygyny
trans_list: poligynia | wielożeństwo
sense:
The state or practice of having several wives at the same time; plurality of wives; marriage to several wives.


lexentry: eng/polymer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polymer
trans_list: polimer
sense:
(organic chemistry) A long or larger molecule consisting of a chain or network of many repeating units, formed by chemically bonding together many identical or similar small molecules called monomers. A polymer is formed by polymerization, the joining of many monomer molecules.


lexentry: eng/polymerase_chain_reaction__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polymerase chain reaction
trans_list: reakcja łańcuchowa polimerazy
sense:
(molecular biology) A technique in molecular biology for creating multiple copies of DNA from a sample; used in genetic fingerprinting etc.


lexentry: eng/polymerization__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polymerization
trans_list: polimeryzacja
sense:
(chemistry) The chemical process, normally with the aid of a catalyst, to form a polymer by bonding together multiple identical units (monomers).


lexentry: eng/polymorphism__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: polymorphism
trans_list: polimorfizm
sense:
(biology) The coexistence, in the same locality, of two or more distinct forms independent of sex, not connected by intermediate gradations, but produced from common parents.


lexentry: eng/polymorphism__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: polymorphism
trans_list: polimorfizm
sense:
(object-oriented programming) The feature pertaining to the dynamic treatment of data elements based on their type, allowing for an instance of a method to have several definitions.


lexentry: eng/polymorphism__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: polymorphism
trans_list: polimorfizm
sense:
(crystallography) The ability of a solid material to exist in more than one form or crystal structure; pleomorphism.


lexentry: eng/polynomial__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polynomial
trans_list: wielomian
sense:
(algebra, strict sense) An expression consisting of a sum of a finite number of terms, each term being the product of a constant coefficient and one or more variables raised to a non-negative integer power, such as a_n x^n + a_{n-1}x^{n-1} + ... + a_0 x^0.


lexentry: eng/polynya__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polynya
trans_list: połynia | płoń
sense:
(hydrology, oceanography) A naturally formed transient area of open water surrounded by sea ice, especially in polar or subpolar seas. [from mid 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/polyphony__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polyphony
trans_list: polifonia
sense:
(music) Musical texture consisting of several independent melodic voices, as opposed to music with just one voice (monophony) or music with one dominant melodic voice accompanied by chords (homophony).


lexentry: eng/polypropylene__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polypropylene
trans_list: polipropylen
sense:
A thermoplastic resin made by the polymerization of propylene, and used for films, fibres, or moulding materials. Also known as polypropene.


lexentry: eng/polysemy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polysemy
trans_list: polisemia | wieloznaczność
sense:
(semantics) The property of a word, sign or symbol that can represent multiple meanings, including multiple similar ones.


lexentry: eng/polysynthetic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polysynthetic
trans_list: polisyntetyczny
sense:
(grammar, of languages) Characterized by a prevalence of relatively long words containing a large number of morphemes. Typically, the morphemes are bound.


lexentry: eng/polytechnic__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polytechnic
trans_list: politechnika
sense:
(UK, dated) An educational institute that teaches applied arts and sciences rather than academic subjects.


lexentry: eng/polytonic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polytonic
trans_list: politonalny
sense:
Of or using the Greek system of diacritics which employs the rough and smooth breathings and the grave, acute, and circumflex accents. Replaced by the monotonic system in 1982.


lexentry: eng/polytope__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polytope
trans_list: wielokomórka | wielotop
sense:
(geometry) A finite region of n-dimensional space bounded by hyperplanes (a geometric shape with flat sides, existing in any number of dimensions); the geometrical entity represented by the general term of the infinite sequence "point, line, polygon, polyhedron, ...".


lexentry: eng/polytunnel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polytunnel
trans_list: foliówka
sense:
A tunnel made of polyethylene, used to grow plants that require a higher temperature and/or humidity than that which is available in the environment.


lexentry: eng/polyunsaturated_fat__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: polyunsaturated fat
trans_list: tłuszcz wielonienasycony
sense:
A fat or oil, almost exclusively from vegetable sources, containing a high proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids.


lexentry: eng/pome__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pome
trans_list: owoc jabłkowy
sense:
(botany) A type of fruit in which the often edible flesh arises from the swollen base of the flower and not from the carpels.


lexentry: eng/pomegranate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pomegranate
trans_list: granat
sense:
The fruit of the Punica granatum, about the size of an orange with a thick, hard, reddish skin enclosing many seeds, each with an edible pink or red pulp tasting both sweet and tart.


lexentry: eng/pomelo__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pomelo
trans_list: pomarańcza olbrzymia | pomelo | szadok
sense:
The large fruit of the Citrus maxima (syn. C. grandis), native to South Asia and Southeast Asia, with a thick green or yellow rind, a thick white pith, and semi-sweet translucent pale flesh.


lexentry: eng/pommel_horse__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pommel horse
trans_list: kozioł | koń
sense:
An apparatus for gymnastic exercises with a cylindrical body covered with leather and two upright pommels, as hand grips, near the centre; held upright with adjustable legs.


lexentry: eng/pompadour__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pompadour
trans_list: banan
sense:
A women's hairstyle in which the hair is swept upwards from the face and worn high over the forehead.


lexentry: eng/pompom__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pompom
trans_list: kutas
sense:
A decorative ball made of pieces of soft fabric bound at the centre, most notably used in cheerleading.


lexentry: eng/pompon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pompon
trans_list: pompon
sense:
A bundle of yarn, string, ribbon, etc. tied in the middle and left loose at the ends, so as to form a puff or ball, as for decoration or a showy prop for cheerleading.


lexentry: eng/ponce__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ponce
trans_list: sutener
sense:
(UK, Ireland, Australia, New Zealand, Commonwealth, derogatory, slang) A man living off another's earnings, especially a woman's.


lexentry: eng/pondweed__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pondweed
trans_list: rdestnica
sense:
opposite-leaved pondweed, Groenlandia densa, only plant of its genus, found chiefly in the Mediterranean region.


lexentry: eng/poniard__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: poniard
trans_list: sztylet
sense:
(now, chiefly, historical) A dagger typically having a slender square or triangular blade. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/pontoon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pontoon
trans_list: ponton
sense:
A flat-bottomed boat or other floating structure used as a buoyant support for a temporary bridge, dock or landing stage.


lexentry: eng/ponytail__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ponytail
trans_list: kucyk | koński ogon
sense:
A hairstyle where the hair is pulled back and tied into a single "tail" which hangs down behind the head.


lexentry: eng/pood__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pood
trans_list: pud
sense:
An obsolete Russian unit of mass, equal to 40 Russian funt, or about 16.38 kg (approximately 36.11 pounds).


lexentry: eng/poodle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: poodle
trans_list: pudel
sense:
A breed of dog originating in Europe as hunting dogs, and having heavy, curly coat in a solid color; their shoulder height indicates their classification as standard, medium, miniature, or toy.


lexentry: eng/poof__Interjection__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: poof
trans_list: puf
sense:
Onomatopoeia indicating a small explosion with a cloud of smoke; as caused by a deflating object, or a magical disappearance.


lexentry: eng/poof__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: poof
trans_list: pedał | pedzio
sense:
(UK, Australia, NZ, Irish, Commonwealth, derogatory, colloquial) A gay man; especially one who is effeminate.


lexentry: eng/pool__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pool
trans_list: kałuża
sense:
A small and rather deep area of (usually) fresh water, as one supplied by a spring, or occurring in the course of a stream or river; a reservoir for water.


lexentry: eng/pool__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pool
trans_list: bilard
sense:
(game, uncountable) A game at billiards, in which each of the players stakes a certain sum, the winner taking the whole; also, in public billiard rooms, a game in which the loser pays the entrance fee for all who engage in the game.


lexentry: eng/pool__Noun__2
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pool
trans_list: bilard
sense:
(sport) A cue sport played on a pool table. There are 15 balls, 7 of one colour, 7 of another, and the black ball (also called the 8 ball). A player must pocket all their own colour balls and then the black ball in order to win.


lexentry: eng/pool__Verb__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pool
trans_list: zsumować
sense:
(transitive) To put together; contribute to a common fund, on the basis of a mutual division of profits or losses; to make a common interest of.


lexentry: eng/pool_noodle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pool noodle
trans_list: makaronik
sense:
A long, slender tube or rod, extruded from buoyant foam and usually brightly coloured, used as an exercise tool or toy in swimming pools.


lexentry: eng/pop-up__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pop-up
trans_list: wyskakujące okienko
sense:
(internet) A pop-up advertisement; an advertisement that is triggered to appear on a computer screen when the user accesses a particular web page.


lexentry: eng/pop-up_advertisement__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pop-up advertisement
trans_list: pop-up
sense:
(Internet, advertising) An advertisement that takes the form of a window that appears automatically on a computer screen when certain websites are visited.


lexentry: eng/pop__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pop
trans_list: napój gazowany
sense:
(uncountable, regional, Midwest US, Canada, Inland North, Midlands, Northwestern US) An effervescent or fizzy drink, most frequently nonalcoholic; soda pop.


lexentry: eng/pop_art__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pop art
trans_list: pop-art | popart
sense:
(arts) A genre of art that uses elements of popular culture, often using techniques from commercial art and advertising.


lexentry: eng/pop_gun__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pop gun
trans_list: pukawka
sense:
A toy gun that emits a loud pop by firing a cork from a barrel in which a piston slides, compressing the air and forcing the cork out. The cork is traditionally attached to the toy by a piece of string.


lexentry: eng/pop_music__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pop music
trans_list: muzyka pop | pop-music
sense:
Music intended for or accepted by a wide audience, usually with a commercial basis and distinguished from other genres such as classical music and folk music.


lexentry: eng/pope__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pope
trans_list: papież | papieżyca
sense:
(Roman Catholicism, _, &, _, generally) An honorary title of the Roman Catholic bishop of Rome as father and head of his church, a sovereign of the Vatican city state.


lexentry: eng/poplit__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: poplit
trans_list: golonka
sense:
The shallow depression (fossa) located at the back of the knee joint; the popliteal fossa or “knee pit”.


lexentry: eng/popliteus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: popliteus
trans_list: mięsień podkolanowy
sense:
(anatomy) A small muscle at the back of the knee that aids in bending the knee and in the rotation of the lower leg.


lexentry: eng/poppy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: poppy
trans_list: mak
sense:
Any plant of the genus Papaver or the family Papaveraceae, with crumpled, often red, petals and a milky juice having narcotic properties; especially a common poppy or corn poppy (Papaver rhoeas) which has orange-red flowers; the flower of such a plant.


lexentry: eng/popsicle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: popsicle
trans_list: lody
sense:
(chiefly, _, US, Canada) Frozen fruit juice, flavored sugar water, or the like, on a stick, of a size to be one serving.


lexentry: eng/popular_culture__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: popular culture
trans_list: popkultura
sense:
The prevailing vernacular culture in any given society, including art, cooking, clothing/fashion, entertainment, fads, films, mass media, music, sports, and style.


lexentry: eng/popular_music__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: popular music
trans_list: pop
sense:
(music) Any genre of music that has wide appeal amongst the general public of a society dominated by urban culture and advanced technology, especially music with less complexity than classical music and less rootsy authenticity than folk music.


lexentry: eng/popular_science__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: popular science
trans_list: popularnonaukowy
sense:
(attributive) Of, or having to do with science, but aimed at ordinary people as opposed to scientists; intended for general consumption.


lexentry: eng/popularity__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: popularity
trans_list: popularność
sense:
The quality or state of being popular; especially, the state of being esteemed by, or of being in favor with, the people at large


lexentry: eng/population__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: population
trans_list: ludność | populacja
sense:
A count of the number of residents within a political or geographical boundary such as a town, a nation or the world.


lexentry: eng/population__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: population
trans_list: populacja | ludność
sense:
(biology) A collection of organisms of a particular species, sharing a particular characteristic of interest, most often that of living in a given area.


lexentry: eng/population__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: population
trans_list: ludność
sense:
(statistics) A group of units (persons, objects, or other items) enumerated in a census or from which a sample is drawn.


lexentry: eng/population_density__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: population density
trans_list: gęstość zaludnienia
sense:
Average population per unit area; especially, the average number of people who live per square kilometer (or square mile) of land.


lexentry: eng/population_pyramid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: population pyramid
trans_list: piramida ludności | piramida populacji
sense:
(demography) A graphical illustration of the distribution of a population (typically that of a country or region of the world) by age groups and sex; it typically forms the shape of a pyramid when the population is growing.


lexentry: eng/populism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: populism
trans_list: populizm
sense:
(philosophy) A political doctrine or philosophy that proposes that the rights and powers of ordinary people are exploited by a privileged elite, and supports their struggle to overcome this.


lexentry: eng/porcelain__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: porcelain
trans_list: porcelana
sense:
(usually, uncountable) A hard white translucent ceramic, originally made by firing kaolin, quartz, and feldspar at high temperatures but now also inclusive of similar artificial materials; also often (figurative) such a material as a symbol of the fragility, elegance, etc. traditionally associated with porcelain goods.


lexentry: eng/porcelain__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: porcelain
trans_list: porcelana
sense:
(countable, now, _, usually, in the plural) An object made of porcelain, (particularly) art objects or items of tableware.


lexentry: eng/porch__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: porch
trans_list: ganek | portyk | przedsionek
sense:
(architectural element) A covered entrance to a building, whether taken from the interior, and forming a sort of vestibule within the main wall, or projecting without and with a separate roof. A porch often has chair(s), table(s) and swings.


lexentry: eng/porcupine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: porcupine
trans_list: jeżozwierz
sense:
Any of several rodents of either of the taxonomic families Hystricidae (Old World porcupines) or Erethizontidae (New World porcupines), both from the infraorder Hystricognathi, noted for their sharp spines or quills, which are raised when the animal is attacked or surprised.


lexentry: eng/pork_barrel__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: pork barrel
trans_list: kiełbasa wyborcza
sense:
(chiefly, US politics, often, attributively) State funds as assigned for local or regional expenditure; especially, central money used for regional projects which are eyecatching or designed to appeal to voters. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/pornocracy__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pornocracy
trans_list: pornokracja
sense:
(Roman Catholicism, historical, sometimes, capitalized) The period of the papacy known as the saeculum obscūrum (Latin for “dark age”), and also as the “Rule of the Harlots”, which began with the installation of Pope Sergius III in 904 and lasted for sixty years until the death of Pope John XII in 964, during which time the popes were strongly influenced by the Theophylacti, a powerful and corrupt aristocratic family. [from mid-19th c.]


lexentry: eng/pornography__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pornography
trans_list: pornografia
sense:
The explicit literary or visual depiction of sexual subject matter; any display of material of an erotic nature. [from mid-19th c.]


lexentry: eng/porosity__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: porosity
trans_list: porowatość
sense:
(countable) A measure of how porous a material is; the ratio of the volume of pores to the total volume


lexentry: eng/porphyria__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: porphyria
trans_list: porfiria
sense:
(pathology) Any of several usually hereditary abnormalities of porphyrin metabolism characterized by excretion of excess porphyrins in the urine.


lexentry: eng/porridge__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: porridge
trans_list: owsianka | kasza
sense:
A dish made of grain or legumes, milk and/or water, heated and stirred until thick and typically eaten for breakfast.


lexentry: eng/port__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: port
trans_list: port | bakburta | bakbort | lewa burta | konwertować | lewoburtowy
sense:
(nautical, aviation, uncountable) The left-hand side of a vessel, including aircraft, when one is facing the front. Used to unambiguously refer to directions relative to the vessel structure, rather than to a person or object on board.


lexentry: eng/port__Noun__2
sense_num: 02
written_rep: port
trans_list: port | bakburta | bakbort | lewa burta | przystań | lewoburtowy
sense:
An opening or doorway in the side of a ship, especially for boarding or loading; an embrasure through which a cannon may be discharged; a porthole.


lexentry: eng/port__Noun__2
sense_num: 06
written_rep: port
trans_list: konwertować
sense:
(also, networking) A number that delimits a connection for specific processes or parts of a network service.


lexentry: eng/port__Noun__2
sense_num: 06
written_rep: port
trans_list: port | złącze
sense:
A logical or physical construct in and from which data are transferred. Computer port on Wikipedia.Wikipedia


lexentry: eng/port__Verb__2
sense_num: 02
written_rep: port
trans_list: port | bakburta | bakbort | lewa burta | przystań | lewoburtowy
sense:
(military) To hold or carry (a weapon) with both hands so that it lays diagonally across the front of the body, with the barrel or similar part near the left shoulder and the right hand grasping the small of the stock; or, to throw (the weapon) into this position on command.


lexentry: eng/port__Verb__2
sense_num: 03
written_rep: port
trans_list: konwertować
sense:
(computing, video games) To adapt, modify, or create a new version of, a program so that it works on a different platform. Porting (computing) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia


lexentry: eng/port_city__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: port city
trans_list: miasto portowe
sense:
A city built around a port, for its defence, to provide infrastructural support, or as parasitic urban sprawl.


lexentry: eng/port_of_call__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: port of call
trans_list: port pośredni
sense:
(nautical) any port (except its home port) being visited by a ship, especially to load or unload cargo or passengers or to take on supplies


lexentry: eng/portable_toilet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: portable toilet
trans_list: przenośna toaleta | toi-toi
sense:
A movable toilet, particularly a portable outhouse used where other lavatories are unavailable (as at a construction site) or insufficient (as at special events).


lexentry: eng/portal_vein__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: portal vein
trans_list: żyła wrotna
sense:
(anatomy) A short, wide vein located in the abdominal cavity formed by the union of the superior mesenteric and splenic veins that channels blood from the gastrointestinal tract and spleen to capillary beds in the liver.


lexentry: eng/portamento__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: portamento
trans_list: portamento
sense:
(music) A smooth, gliding transition from one note to another; used especially with stringed instruments, and sometimes on brass.


lexentry: eng/portcullis__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: portcullis
trans_list: brona
sense:
(historical) An English coin of the reign of Elizabeth I, struck for the use of the East India Company, and bearing the figure of a portcullis on the reverse.


lexentry: eng/portfolio__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: portfolio
trans_list: teka
sense:
(politics) The post and the responsibilities of a cabinet minister or other head of a government department. [from 1930s]


lexentry: eng/portmanteau_word__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: portmanteau word
trans_list: skrzyżowanie wyrazów | zbitka słowna | zbitka wyrazowa
sense:
(linguistics) A word which combines the meaning of two words (or, rarely, more than two words), formed by combining the words, usually, but not always, by adjoining the first part of one word and the last part of the other, the adjoining parts often having a common vowel.


lexentry: eng/poser__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: poser
trans_list: klej
sense:
Someone who, or something which, poses; a person who sets their body in a fixed position, such as for photography or painting.


lexentry: eng/poseur__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: poseur
trans_list: pozer | pozerka
sense:
One who affects some behaviour, style, attitude or other condition, often to impress or influence others.


lexentry: eng/position_vector__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: position vector
trans_list: wektor wodzący
sense:
(geometry) Of a point, a vector going from the origin to that point; equivalently, the transpose of the point.


lexentry: eng/positional_notation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: positional notation
trans_list: system pozycyjny
sense:
A notation for numbers in which the value of a digit depends on its position in the string, examples of which include the decimal system and the binary system


lexentry: eng/positive__Adjective__1
sense_num: 10
written_rep: positive
trans_list: równy
sense:
(grammar) Describing the primary sense of an adjective, adverb or noun; not comparative, superlative, augmentative nor diminutive.


lexentry: eng/positive_degree__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: positive degree
trans_list: stopień równy
sense:
(grammar) That state of an adjective or adverb indicating simple quality, without comparison or relation to increase or diminution; as in wise, noble.


lexentry: eng/positivism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: positivism
trans_list: pozytywizm
sense:
(philosophy) A doctrine that states that the only authentic knowledge is scientific knowledge, and that such knowledge can only come from positive affirmation of theories through strict scientific method, refusing every form of metaphysics.


lexentry: eng/posology__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: posology
trans_list: dawkowanie
sense:
(countable, uncountable, pharmacy, pharmacology) The study of the dosages of drugs, especially the determination of appropriate dosages. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/posse__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: posse
trans_list: gromada
sense:
(colloquial) A group of (especially young) people seen as constituting a peer group or band of associates; a gang, a group of friends. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/possess__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: possess
trans_list: opętać
sense:
Of a supernatural entity, especially one regarded as evil: to take control of (an animal or person's body or mind).


lexentry: eng/possessional_adjective__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: possessional adjective
trans_list: przymiotnik jakościowy
sense:
(grammar) An adjective indicating that a noun is in possession of, or has the quality of, some other noun; usually formed in English by the affixation of the suffix -ed, -ful, -y, -ous, -able, -ual, -ish, -ar or -esque, or the suffixoid -like, to the noun being possessed.


lexentry: eng/possessive_case__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: possessive case
trans_list: dopełniacz
sense:
(grammar) case used to express direct possession, ownership, origin, etc. Though similar in many ways to the genitive case, it is not always the same. Languages that have the possessive case include English and Quenya.


lexentry: eng/possibly__Adverb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: possibly
trans_list: może
sense:
(modifying a verb) In the realm of possibility; indicates that the action may successfully be performed (is not impossible) regardless of any facts or circumstances known to, stated by or implied by the speaker that might limit the performance.


lexentry: eng/post-nut_clarity__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: post-nut clarity
trans_list: jasność poorgazmowa
sense:
(internet slang, vulgar) The brief sense of calm and mental acuity experienced by a man after ejaculation.


lexentry: eng/post-production__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: post-production
trans_list: postprodukcja
sense:
(cinematography, television) The stages of film (or audio) production happening between the actual filming (or recording) and the completed product.


lexentry: eng/post-traumatic_stress_disorder__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: post-traumatic stress disorder
trans_list: zespół stresu pourazowego
sense:
(psychology) A psychological condition that develops following some stressful situation or event, with symptoms such as sleep disturbance, recurrent dreams, flashbacks, hypervigilance, depression, dissociation, withdrawal or lack of concentration.


lexentry: eng/post-war__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: post-war
trans_list: powojenny
sense:
Pertaining to a period of time immediately following the end of a war; where there is a cessation of conflict.


lexentry: eng/post__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: post
trans_list: poczta
sense:
(obsolete) Each of a series of men stationed at specific places along a postroad, with responsibility for relaying letters and dispatches of the monarch (and later others) along the route. [16th–17th c.]


lexentry: eng/post__Noun__2
sense_num: 02
written_rep: post
trans_list: poczta
sense:
(dated) A station, or one of a series of stations, established for the refreshment and accommodation of travellers on some recognized route.


lexentry: eng/post__Noun__2
sense_num: 06
written_rep: post
trans_list: poczta
sense:
(UK, Australia, New Zealand) A single delivery of letters; the letters or deliveries that make up a single batch delivered to one person or one address. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/post__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: post
trans_list: opublikować | postować | publikować
sense:
To hold up to public blame or reproach; to advertise opprobriously; to denounce by public proclamation.


lexentry: eng/post__Verb__2
sense_num: 03
written_rep: post
trans_list: wysyłać | wysłać
sense:
(UK, Australia, New Zealand) To send (an item of mail etc.) through the postal service. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/post_chaise__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: post chaise
trans_list: dyliżans pocztowy
sense:
(historical) An enclosed horse-drawn carriage with four wheels, used to transport mail and passengers.


lexentry: eng/post_office__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: post office
trans_list: poczta
sense:
(countable) A place (building, office, shop, or counter) concerned with the business of delivering letters, post or mail and selling stamps, etc.


lexentry: eng/post_office_box__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: post office box
trans_list: skrytka pocztowa
sense:
A uniquely addressable lockable box located on the premises of a post office that may be hired as collection point for mail.


lexentry: eng/postage_stamp__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: postage stamp
trans_list: znaczek pocztowy | znaczek
sense:
A small piece of printed paper stuck on an item to be mailed, indicating that postage has been paid.


lexentry: eng/postalveolar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: postalveolar
trans_list: spółgłoska postalweolarna | spółgłoska zadziąsłowa
sense:
(phonetics) Any sound articulated with the tongue near or touching the back of the alveolar ridge, such as English sh in the word shoe.


lexentry: eng/postcard__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: postcard
trans_list: pocztówka | karta pocztowa | widokówka
sense:
A rectangular piece of thick paper or thin cardboard intended to be written on and mailed without an envelope. In the case of a picture postcard, one side displays a picture or photograph.


lexentry: eng/postcode__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: postcode
trans_list: kod pocztowy
sense:
(Australia, Britain, New Zealand) A sequence of letters and numbers added to a postal address to aid the sorting and delivery of post or mail.


lexentry: eng/posterior__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: posterior
trans_list: tylny | zadni
sense:
(anatomy) Nearer the rear or hind end; nearer the caudal end of the body in quadrupeds or the dorsal end in bipeds.


lexentry: eng/posterior_chamber__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: posterior chamber
trans_list: komora tylna oka
sense:
(anatomy, ophthalmology) A narrow space inside the eye between the iris and the lens, filled with aqueous humour.


lexentry: eng/postholiday__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: postholiday
trans_list: poświąteczny
sense:
Occurring after, or as a consequence of, a holiday; often specifically after the holiday season of late December


lexentry: eng/postindustrial__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: postindustrial
trans_list: postindustrialny
sense:
Describing the economy of a nation in which manufacturing industry becomes less important and the service and information industries become more important.


lexentry: eng/postmark__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: postmark
trans_list: pieczątka
sense:
A marking made by a postal service on a delivery, usually indicating the place where and the date and time when the item was received or processed for the first time, mostly serving to cancel a postage stamp.


lexentry: eng/postmodernism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: postmodernism
trans_list: postmodernizm
sense:
Any style in art, architecture, literature, philosophy, etc., that reacts against an earlier modernist movement.


lexentry: eng/pot__Noun__1
sense_num: 09
written_rep: pot
trans_list: pula
sense:
(gambling, poker) The money available to be won in a hand of poker or a round of other games of chance; (figuratively) any sum of money being used as an enticement.


lexentry: eng/pot_calling_the_kettle_black__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pot calling the kettle black
trans_list: przyganiał kocioł garnkowi
sense:
(idiomatic) A situation in which somebody comments on or accuses someone else of a fault which the accuser shares.


lexentry: eng/potash__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: potash
trans_list: potaż
sense:
The water-soluble part of the ash formed by burning plant material; used for making soap and glass and as a fertilizer.


lexentry: eng/potassium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: potassium
trans_list: potas
sense:
A soft, waxy, silvery reactive metal that is never found unbound in nature; an element (symbol K) with an atomic number of 19 and atomic weight of 39.0983. The symbol is derived from the Latin kalium.


lexentry: eng/potassium_carbonate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: potassium carbonate
trans_list: potaż
sense:
(inorganic compound) The alkaline salt K2CO3, that is the major constituent of potash; it is used in the production of glass and some soaps.


lexentry: eng/potassium_chloride__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: potassium chloride
trans_list: chlorek potasu
sense:
(inorganic compound) The potassium salt of hydrochloric acid, KCl; it is used as a fertilizer, and in lethal injections


lexentry: eng/potassium_cyanide__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: potassium cyanide
trans_list: cyjanek
sense:
(inorganic compound) The potassium salt of hydrocyanic acid, KCN; the colourless crystals are soluble in water, and it is extremely poisonous, and is used in electroplating, the extraction of gold and silver from their ores, and in photography.


lexentry: eng/potassium_dichromate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: potassium dichromate
trans_list: dichromian potasu
sense:
(inorganic compound) A potassium salt of chromic acid, K2Cr2O7; the orange crystals are soluble in water, and it is used as an oxidizing agent and in photography.


lexentry: eng/potassium_hydroxide__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: potassium hydroxide
trans_list: wodorotlenek potasu
sense:
(inorganic compound) The alkaline base KOH, once known as caustic potash; it has a number of industrial uses, including the manufacture of bleach.


lexentry: eng/potassium_nitrate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: potassium nitrate
trans_list: saletra
sense:
(inorganic chemistry) KNO3, a naturally occurring salt, notably used as an ingredient of gunpowder; also used a food preservative and as an ingredient in toothpaste for sensitive gums; historically used in the production of nitric acid (HNO3).


lexentry: eng/potassium_permanganate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: potassium permanganate
trans_list: nadmanganian potasu
sense:
(chemistry) KMnO4, the most readily available commercial permanganate; it is used as an oxidizing agent both in industry and in the analytical laboratory.


lexentry: eng/potato__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: potato
trans_list: ziemniak | kartofel | pyra
sense:
The tuber of a plant, Solanum tuberosum, eaten as a starchy vegetable, particularly in the Americas and Europe; this plant.


lexentry: eng/potato__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: potato
trans_list: ziemniak
sense:
(humorous, slang, computing) An underpowered computer or other device, especially when small in size.


lexentry: eng/potato_chip__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: potato chip
trans_list: francuski
sense:
(British, Australia) One of a batch of pieces of potato cut into elongated cubes and fried; a chip or chipped potato, usually larger than American french fries.


lexentry: eng/potato_crisp__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: potato crisp
trans_list: chips | czips
sense:
(mostly, British) A thin slice of potato that has been fried, typically packaged and sold as a snack.


lexentry: eng/potato_starch__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: potato starch
trans_list: mąka ziemniaczana
sense:
(gastronomy) A widely diffused vegetable substance found in the extracted material of potatoes used in cooking.


lexentry: eng/poteen__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: poteen
trans_list: poitín
sense:
(Ireland, countable, by extension) An unlicensed drinking establishment selling illegally produced Irish whiskey.


lexentry: eng/potential__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: potential
trans_list: potencjał
sense:
(physics) The work (energy) required to move a reference particle from a reference location to a specified location in the presence of a force field, for example to bring a unit positive electric charge from an infinite distance to a specified point against an electric field.


lexentry: eng/potential_energy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: potential energy
trans_list: energia potencjalna
sense:
The energy possessed by an object because of its position (in a gravitational or electric field), or its condition (as a stretched or compressed spring, as a chemical reactant, or by having rest mass).


lexentry: eng/potentiometer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: potentiometer
trans_list: potencjometr
sense:
(electronics) A user-adjustable three-terminal variable resistor that can be used as a voltage divider.


lexentry: eng/pothole__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pothole
trans_list: wybój | wyrwa
sense:
A shallow pit or other edged depression in a road's surface, especially when caused by erosion by weather or traffic.


lexentry: eng/potlatch__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: potlatch
trans_list: potlacz
sense:
(Canada, US, also, figuratively) A ceremony amongst certain indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest in which gifts are bestowed upon guests and personal property is destroyed in a show of generosity and wealth.


lexentry: eng/potoroo__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: potoroo
trans_list: kanguroszczur | poturu
sense:
Any species of the genus Potorous of the rat kangaroo family Potoroidae, endemic to Australia. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/poult__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: poult
trans_list: chłopak
sense:
A young bird, a chick; now especially, a young game bird (turkey, partridge, grouse etc.). [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/poultice__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: poultice
trans_list: koperta
sense:
A soft, moist mass, usually wrapped in cloth and warmed, that is applied topically to a sore, aching or lesioned part of the body to soothe it.


lexentry: eng/pounce__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pounce
trans_list: proszek na atrament
sense:
(historical) A type of fine powder, as of sandarac, or cuttlefish bone, sprinkled over wet ink to dry the ink after writing or on rough paper to smooth the writing surface.


lexentry: eng/pound__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pound
trans_list: funt
sense:
A unit of mass equal to 16 avoirdupois ounces (= 453.592 g). Today this value is the most common meaning of "pound" as a unit of weight.


lexentry: eng/pound_cake__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pound cake
trans_list: babka piaskowa
sense:
(US) A dense yellow cake, the traditional recipe for which consists of equal quantities (nominally one pound) of butter, eggs, flour, and sugar.


lexentry: eng/pour__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pour
trans_list: lać | sypać
sense:
(transitive, figurative) To send out as in a stream or a flood; to cause (an emotion) to come out; to cause to escape.


lexentry: eng/powder__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: powder
trans_list: proszek | puder | przysypka | zasypka
sense:
The fine particles which are the result of reducing a dry substance by pounding, grinding, or triturating, or the result of decay; dust.


lexentry: eng/powder__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: powder
trans_list: proszek | puder | przysypka | zasypka
sense:
(cosmetics) A mixture of fine dry, sweet-smelling particles applied to the face or other body parts, to reduce shine or to alleviate chaffing.


lexentry: eng/powdered_sugar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: powdered sugar
trans_list: cukier puder
sense:
(US) Very finely ground sugar to which cornstarch is added to prevent lumping, mostly used in icings and confections to produce a smooth texture.


lexentry: eng/power__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: power
trans_list: moc | potęga
sense:
(physics, mechanics) A measure of the effectiveness that a force producing a physical effect has over time. If linear, the quotient of: (force multiplied by the displacement of or in an object) ÷ time. If rotational, the quotient of: (force multiplied by the angle of displacement) ÷ time.


lexentry: eng/power__Noun__1
sense_num: 08
written_rep: power
trans_list: potęga
sense:
(statistics) The probability that a statistical test will reject the null hypothesis when the alternative hypothesis is true.


lexentry: eng/power__Noun__1
sense_num: 08
written_rep: power
trans_list: potęga
sense:
A product of equal factors (and generalizations of this notion): x^n, read as "x to the power of n" or the like, is called a power and denotes the product x \times x \times \cdots \times x, where x appears n times in the product; x is called the base and n the exponent.


lexentry: eng/power_broker__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: power broker
trans_list: szara eminencja
sense:
A person or group having the ability to influence important decisions, especially in public policy, politics, and business.


lexentry: eng/power_inverter__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: power inverter
trans_list: falownik | inwerter | przetwornica
sense:
(electrical engineering) A device that converts direct current electricity to alternating current electricity.


lexentry: eng/power_set__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: power set
trans_list: zbiór potęgowy
sense:
(set theory, of a set S) The set whose elements comprise all the subsets of S (including the empty set and S itself).


lexentry: eng/power_steering__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: power steering
trans_list: wspomaganie kierownicy
sense:
(automotive) A system for reducing the driver's effort to steer, by using a power source to assist in turning the wheels.


lexentry: eng/power_strip__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: power strip
trans_list: złodziejka | listwa zasilająca | przedłużacz
sense:
A block of electrical sockets that attaches to the end of a flexible cable and allows multiple electrical devices to be plugged in.


lexentry: eng/power_supply__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: power supply
trans_list: zasilacz
sense:
That part of a piece of electronic apparatus that provides appropriate voltages for the rest of the electronics from the connected AC source.


lexentry: eng/power_tool__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: power tool
trans_list: elektronarzędzie
sense:
Any of a wide class of tools powered by a motor (usually an electric motor); most especially such tools as are handheld, portable, and not stationary.


lexentry: eng/power_vacuum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: power vacuum
trans_list: próżnia władzy
sense:
A lack of centralised political authority, especially following a conflict, revolution, change of power, etc.


lexentry: eng/powers_that_be__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: powers that be
trans_list: grupa trzymająca władzę
sense:
(idiomatic) The holders of power or the authorities in a given situation, especially if seen as being faceless or unreasonably bureaucratic.


lexentry: eng/powwow__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: powwow
trans_list: rada plemienna (Indian północnoamerykańskich)
sense:
(North America) A large gathering during which Indigenous songs and dances are showcased for an audience, essentially a recital or concert. Often also doubles as a fundraiser, or can be held in conjunction with a non-indigneous fair or exhibition in order to attract a large crowd, as at the Calgary Stampede and K-Days.


lexentry: eng/practice__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: practice
trans_list: praktyka
sense:
(uncountable, especially, medicine, arts) The ongoing pursuit of a craft or profession, particularly in medicine or the fine arts.


lexentry: eng/practicum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: practicum
trans_list: praktyka | praktyka studencka
sense:
(US) A college course designed to give a student supervised practical knowledge of a subject previously studied theoretically.


lexentry: eng/pragmatic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pragmatic
trans_list: pragmatyczny
sense:
Practical, concerned with making decisions and actions that are useful in practice, not just theory.


lexentry: eng/pragmatism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pragmatism
trans_list: pragmatyzm
sense:
The pursuit of practicality over aesthetic qualities; a concentration on facts rather than emotions or ideals.


lexentry: eng/pragmatism__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pragmatism
trans_list: pragmatyzm
sense:
(politics) The theory that political problems should be met with practical solutions rather than ideological ones.


lexentry: eng/pragmatism__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: pragmatism
trans_list: pragmatyzm
sense:
(philosophy) The idea that beliefs are identified with the actions of a believer, and the truth of beliefs with success of those actions in securing a believer's goals; the doctrine that ideas must be looked at in terms of their practical effects and consequences.


lexentry: eng/prairie__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prairie
trans_list: preria
sense:
An extensive area of relatively flat grassland with few, if any, trees, especially in North America.


lexentry: eng/prairie_dog__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prairie dog
trans_list: nieświszczuk | piesek preriowy
sense:
Any of genus Cynomys, small, stout-bodied burrowing rodents with shallow cheek pouches, native to North America and Central America.


lexentry: eng/praseodymium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: praseodymium
trans_list: prazeodym
sense:
A chemical element (symbol Pr) with an atomic number of 59, a soft, silvery, malleable and ductile metal, valued for its magnetic, electrical, chemical, and optical properties.


lexentry: eng/pray__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pray
trans_list: modlić się | pomodlić się
sense:
(religion) To direct words, thoughts, or one's attention to a deity or any higher being, for the sake of adoration, thanks, petition for help, etc.


lexentry: eng/prayer_wheel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prayer wheel
trans_list: młynek modlitewny
sense:
(Buddhism) A rotating cylinder either inscribed with or containing prayers, mainly used by Tibetan Buddhists.


lexentry: eng/praying_mantis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: praying mantis
trans_list: modliszka
sense:
Any of various predatory, cannibalistic insects of the order Mantodea that have a prayer-like stance.


lexentry: eng/pre-Socratic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pre-Socratic
trans_list: przedsokratejski
sense:
(historical) Existing in Ancient Greece before the flourishing of the philosopher Socrates (circa 469–399 BCE).


lexentry: eng/pre-Socratic__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pre-Socratic
trans_list: presokratyk
sense:
(historical) Any of the pre-Socratic philosophers, viz. Thales (circa 624–546 BCE), Anaximander (circa 610–546 BCE), Anaximenes (circa 585–525 BCE), Pythagoras (circa 576–495 BCE), Xenophanes (circa 570–480 BCE), Heraclitus (circa 535–475 BCE), Parmenides (early-5th century BCE), Anaxagoras (circa 500–428 BCE), Empedocles (circa 490–430 BCE), and Democritus (circa 460–370 BCE).


lexentry: eng/preacher__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: preacher
trans_list: kaznodzieja
sense:
Someone who preaches a worldview, philosophy, or religion, especially someone who preaches the gospel; a clergyman or clergywoman.


lexentry: eng/preamble__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: preamble
trans_list: preambuła | arenga
sense:
A short preliminary statement or remark, especially an explanatory introduction to a formal document or statute.


lexentry: eng/preamplifier__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: preamplifier
trans_list: przedwzmacniacz
sense:
A voltage amplifier for amplifying a low-level input signal; its output is the input to a higher-level amplifier.


lexentry: eng/preaspiration__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: preaspiration
trans_list: przydech
sense:
(phonetics) A period of voiceless breathing that precedes some consonants in some languages—a sort of mirror-image of aspiration.


lexentry: eng/prebiotic__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prebiotic
trans_list: prebiotyk
sense:
(chiefly, in plural) A substance in food that is hard to digest and promotes the growth of beneficial intestinal microorganisms. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/precariat__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: precariat
trans_list: prekariat
sense:
(sociology, collective) People suffering from precarity, especially as a social class; people living a precarious existence, without security or predictability, especially job security.


lexentry: eng/precedent__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: precedent
trans_list: precedens
sense:
An act in the past which may be used as an example to help decide the outcome of similar instances in the future.


lexentry: eng/precedent__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: precedent
trans_list: precedens
sense:
(legal) A decided case which is cited or used as an example to justify a judgment in a subsequent case.


lexentry: eng/precession__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: precession
trans_list: precesja
sense:
(physics, countable) The wobbling motion of the axis of a spinning body when there is an external force acting on the axis.


lexentry: eng/precinct__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: precinct
trans_list: komisariat
sense:
(US, law enforcement) A subdivision of a city under the jurisdiction of a specific group of police; the police station situated in that district.


lexentry: eng/precious_stone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: precious stone
trans_list: kamień szlachetny | klejnot
sense:
Any gem, such as a diamond or ruby, that is expensive because of its rarity or desirability; especially one set into a piece of jewelry.


lexentry: eng/precipitation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: precipitation
trans_list: opad atmosferyczny
sense:
(meteorology) Any or all of the forms of water particles, whether liquid or solid, that fall from the upper atmosphere (e.g., rain, hail, snow or sleet). It is a major class of hydrometeor, but it is distinguished from cloud, fog, dew, rime, frost, etc., in that it must fall. It is distinguished from cloud and virga in that it must reach the ground.


lexentry: eng/precise__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: precise
trans_list: precyzować
sense:
(nonstandard, NNES, or, European Union, _, documents, transitive) To make or render precise; to specify.


lexentry: eng/precognition__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: precognition
trans_list: prekognicja
sense:
(parapsychology) Knowledge of the future; understanding of something in advance, especially as a form of supernatural or extrasensory perception. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/preconception__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: preconception
trans_list: uprzedzenie
sense:
An opinion formed before obtaining adequate evidence, especially as the result of bias or prejudice.


lexentry: eng/precondition__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: precondition
trans_list: warunek wstępny
sense:
A medical illness, ailment, or adverse condition that exists before an insurance policy takes effect.


lexentry: eng/precontract__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: precontract
trans_list: umowa przedwstępna
sense:
(legal) A contract preceding another, especially a contract of marriage which, according to the ancient law, rendered void a subsequent marriage solemnized in violation of it.


lexentry: eng/precursor__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: precursor
trans_list: prekursor
sense:
(chemistry) One of the compounds that participates in the chemical reaction that produces another compound.


lexentry: eng/predator__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: predator
trans_list: drapieżnik
sense:
Any animal or other organism that hunts and kills other non-plant organisms (their prey), primarily for food.


lexentry: eng/predecessor__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: predecessor
trans_list: poprzednik | poprzedniczka | antecesor
sense:
One who precedes; one who has preceded another in any state, position, office, etc.; one whom another follows or comes after, in any office or position.


lexentry: eng/predecessor__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: predecessor
trans_list: poprzednik
sense:
A model or type of machinery or device which precedes the current (or later) one. Usually used to describe an earlier, outdated model.


lexentry: eng/predicate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: predicate
trans_list: orzeczenie | predykat
sense:
(grammar) The part of the sentence (or clause) which states a property that a subject has or is characterized by.


lexentry: eng/predicate__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: predicate
trans_list: predykat | funkcja zdaniowa
sense:
(logic) A term of a statement, where the statement may be true or false depending on whether the thing referred to by the values of the statement's variables has the property signified by that (predicative) term.


lexentry: eng/predicate_logic__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: predicate logic
trans_list: logika predykatów
sense:
(logic) The generic term for symbolic formal systems like first-order logic, second-order logic, many-sorted logic or infinitary logic.


lexentry: eng/predicative__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: predicative
trans_list: orzecznikowy
sense:
(grammar, of an adjectival or nominal phrase) Modifying a noun while in a predicate phrase, which predicate phrase is other than the noun phrase and occurs after a verb, as a predicate; contrasted with attributive.


lexentry: eng/predicative__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: predicative
trans_list: orzecznik
sense:
(grammar) An element of the predicate of a sentence which complements the subject or object by means of the verb. Predicatives may be nominal or adjectival.


lexentry: eng/predict__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: predict
trans_list: przewidywać | przewidzieć
sense:
(transitive) To make a prediction: to forecast, foretell, or estimate a future event on the basis of knowledge and reasoning; to prophesy a future event on the basis of mystical knowledge or power.


lexentry: eng/predisposition__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: predisposition
trans_list: predyspozycja | zadatek
sense:
The state of being predisposed or susceptible to something, especially to a behavior or a health condition.


lexentry: eng/preeclampsia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: preeclampsia
trans_list: preeklampsja | stan przedrzucawkowy
sense:
(pathology) A complication of pregnancy, affecting about 2-20% of women, depending on location, characterized by hypertension and damage to the linings of the blood vessels of the brain, liver, lungs and kidneys, which can lead to multiple organ failure, convulsions, coma and death. The only cure is delivery of the child.


lexentry: eng/preeminent__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: preeminent
trans_list: celny
sense:
Exceeding others in quality or rank; of outstanding excellence, extremely notable or important. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/preemption__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: preemption
trans_list: wywłaszczenie
sense:
(computing) The temporary interruption of a task without its cooperation and with the intention of resuming it at a later time.


lexentry: eng/preface__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: preface
trans_list: przedmowa | wstęp
sense:
A beginning or introductory portion that comes before the main text of a document or book, typically serving to contextualize or explain the writing of the book and sometimes to acknowledge others' contributions.


lexentry: eng/prefecture__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: prefecture
trans_list: prefektura
sense:
The jurisdiction of a prefect; the region administered by a prefect, especially as a translation of certain French, Chinese, and Japanese administrative divisions.


lexentry: eng/prefer__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prefer
trans_list: woleć | preferować
sense:
(transitive) To be in the habit of choosing something rather than something else; to favor; to like better. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/prefix__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prefix
trans_list: przedrostek | prefiks
sense:
(grammar, linguistic morphology) A morpheme added to the beginning of a word to modify its meaning, for example as, pre- in prefix, con- in conjure, re- in reheat, etc.


lexentry: eng/pregabalin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pregabalin
trans_list: pregabalina
sense:
(pharmaceutical drug) An anticonvulsant drug used for neuropathic pain and as an adjunct therapy for seizures.


lexentry: eng/pregnancy_test__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pregnancy test
trans_list: test ciążowy
sense:
a piece of test equipment that determines whether a woman, or by extension, a female animal is pregnant


lexentry: eng/prehensile__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prehensile
trans_list: chwytny
sense:
(zoology) Able to take hold of and clasp objects; adapted for grasping especially by wrapping around an object.


lexentry: eng/prehung__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prehung
trans_list: gotowy
sense:
(of a door or window) Delivered to the customer as installation-ready unit, already attached to its frame.


lexentry: eng/preimage__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: preimage
trans_list: przeciwobraz
sense:
(mathematics) For a given function, the set of all elements of the domain that are mapped into a given subset of the codomain; (formally) given a function ƒ : X → Y and a subset B ⊆ Y, the set ƒ−1(B) = {x ∈ X : ƒ(x) ∈ B}.


lexentry: eng/preindustrial__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: preindustrial
trans_list: przedindustrialny
sense:
Of or relating to the period before the Industrial Revolution and the global industrialisation that followed.


lexentry: eng/prejudice__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: prejudice
trans_list: uprzedzenie
sense:
(countable) An irrational hostile attitude, fear or hatred towards a particular group, race or religion.


lexentry: eng/prelate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prelate
trans_list: prałat
sense:
A clergyman of high rank and authority, having jurisdiction over an area or a group of people; normally a bishop.


lexentry: eng/prelude__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: prelude
trans_list: preludium
sense:
(music) A short, free-form piece of music, originally one serving as an introduction to a longer and more complex piece; later, starting with the Romantic period, generally a stand-alone piece. [from 1650s]


lexentry: eng/premature_birth__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: premature birth
trans_list: wcześniactwo
sense:
(medicine) Childbirth occurring earlier than 37 completed weeks of gestation, but later than 20th week, which is regarded a miscarriage.


lexentry: eng/premature_ejaculation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: premature ejaculation
trans_list: przedwczesny wytrysk
sense:
A medical condition where a man, when initiating sexual intercourse, will experience an orgasm and expel semen after a time period far below the average, generally defined as one minute or less.


lexentry: eng/premenstrual__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: premenstrual
trans_list: przedmiesiączkowy
sense:
Occurring in the time period during the menstrual cycle leading up to the beginning of menstruation.


lexentry: eng/premier__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: premier
trans_list: premier
sense:
(politics, non-Westminster) The government leader in a legislative congress or leader of a government-level administrative body; the head of government.


lexentry: eng/premiere__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: premiere
trans_list: premiera
sense:
The first showing of a film, play or other form of entertainment, often held as a special event with celebrity guests.


lexentry: eng/premise__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: premise
trans_list: przesłanka
sense:
A proposition antecedently supposed or proved; something previously stated or assumed as the basis of further argument; a condition; a supposition.


lexentry: eng/premise__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: premise
trans_list: przesłanka
sense:
(usually, in the plural, legal) Matters previously stated or set forth; especially, that part in the beginning of a deed, the office of which is to express the grantor and grantee, and the land or thing granted or conveyed, and all that precedes the habendum; the thing demised or granted.


lexentry: eng/premolar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: premolar
trans_list: przedtrzonowiec
sense:
A tooth situated in front of the molar teeth; especially a tooth in humans with two cusps which is between the canines and the molars (Latin: singular dens premolaris, plural dentes premolares)


lexentry: eng/premonition__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: premonition
trans_list: przeczucie
sense:
A strong intuition that something is about to happen (usually something negative, but not exclusively).


lexentry: eng/prenuptial_agreement__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prenuptial agreement
trans_list: intercyza
sense:
A legal document, signed by both parties before marriage, stating the legal claims on each other's estate upon a subsequent divorce.


lexentry: eng/preparatory__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: preparatory
trans_list: przygotowawczy
sense:
Of or pertaining to preparation, having the purpose of making something or someone ready, preparative.


lexentry: eng/preposition__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: preposition
trans_list: przyimek
sense:
(grammar, strict sense) Any of a class of non-inflecting words typically employed to connect a following noun or a pronoun, in an adjectival or adverbial sense, with some other word: a particle used with a noun or pronoun (in English always in the objective case) to make a phrase limiting some other word.


lexentry: eng/prepositional_article__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prepositional article
trans_list: przyimek ściągnięty
sense:
(grammar) In some languages, such as French, Italian, Portuguese and Spanish, a contraction of a preposition and an article, e.g. au in French (a contraction of à and le).


lexentry: eng/prepositional_case__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prepositional case
trans_list: miejscownik
sense:
(grammar) noun case serving as object of a preposition. Prepositions that often govern the prepositional case include "about", "in", "on", and "near". Russian is an example of a language that uses the prepositional case.


lexentry: eng/prepositional_phrase__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prepositional phrase
trans_list: wyrażenie przyimkowe
sense:
(grammar) A phrase containing both a preposition and its object or complement; may be used as an adjunct or a modifier.


lexentry: eng/preproduction__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: preproduction
trans_list: preprodukcja
sense:
All the preliminary arrangements that are made before the start of a project, especially before the filming of a movie.


lexentry: eng/prequel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prequel
trans_list: prequel
sense:
(narratology) In a series of works, an installment that is set chronologically before its predecessor, especially the original narrative or (perhaps improper usage) any narrative work with at least one sequel.


lexentry: eng/prerequisite__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: prerequisite
trans_list: warunek wstępny
sense:
In education, a course or topic that must be completed before another course or topic can be started. May be colloquially referred to as a prereq.


lexentry: eng/prescient__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prescient
trans_list: dalekowzroczny
sense:
Exhibiting or possessing prescience: having knowledge of, or seemingly able to correctly predict, events before they take place. [from early 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/prescribe__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prescribe
trans_list: ordynować | przepisywać | wydać receptę na (lek)
sense:
(medicine) To order (a drug or medical device) for use by a particular patient (under licensed authority).


lexentry: eng/prescribe__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: prescribe
trans_list: nakazywać | dyktować | ordynować | ustanawiać | zarządzać
sense:
To specify by writing as a required procedure or ritual; to lay down authoritatively as a guide, direction, or rule of action.


lexentry: eng/prescription__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prescription
trans_list: recepta
sense:
(medicine, pharmacy, pharmacology) A written order from an authorized medical practitioner for provision of a medicine or other treatment, such as (ophthalmology) the specific lenses needed for a pair of glasses.


lexentry: eng/prescription__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: prescription
trans_list: normotwórstwo | rozporządzanie | rozporządzenie
sense:
(legal) Synonym of enactment, the act of establishing a law, regulation, etc., particularly in writing; an instance of this.


lexentry: eng/prescription__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: prescription
trans_list: kodyfikacja normatywna | kodyfikacja preskryptywna | preskrypcja
sense:
(linguistics) The act of establishing or formalizing ideal norms for language use, as opposed to describing the actual norms of such use; an instance of this.


lexentry: eng/prescriptive__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prescriptive
trans_list: dyrektywalny | preskryptywny
sense:
Of or pertaining to prescribing or enjoining, especially an action or behavior based on a norm or standard.


lexentry: eng/prescriptivism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prescriptivism
trans_list: normatywizm | preskryptywizm
sense:
(linguistics) The practice of prescribing idealistic norms, as opposed to describing realistic forms, of linguistic usage.


lexentry: eng/present__Adjective__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: present
trans_list: obecny
sense:
Relating to something a person is referring to in the very context, with a deictic use similar to the demonstrative adjective this.


lexentry: eng/present_continuous__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: present continuous
trans_list: czas teraźniejszy ciągły
sense:
(grammar) A tense that describes an ongoing action in the present. In English it is formed by use of a form of be with a present participle.


lexentry: eng/present_participle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: present participle
trans_list: imiesłów teraźniejszy
sense:
(grammar) A nonfinite verb form that indicates an ongoing action or state and which can function as an adjective.


lexentry: eng/present_perfect__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: present perfect
trans_list: absolutny
sense:
(grammar) A perfect tense that expresses action in the past (usually completed) with consequences in the present time.


lexentry: eng/present_perfect_continuous__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: present perfect continuous
trans_list: czas teraźniejszy dokonany ciągły
sense:
(grammar) A tense that expresses an unbroken action continuing at the present time, started in the past. In English it is formed by using have been with a present participle.


lexentry: eng/present_tense__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: present tense
trans_list: czas teraźniejszy
sense:
(grammar) A grammatical tense whose principal function is to locate a situation or event in the present time.


lexentry: eng/president__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: president
trans_list: przewodniczący | dyrektor | prezes | rektor
sense:
Primary leader of a corporation. Not to be confused with CEO, which is a related but separate position that is sometimes held by a different person.


lexentry: eng/press__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: press
trans_list: dociskać | docisnąć | przyciskać | przycisnąć
sense:
(ambitransitive) To exert weight or force against, to act upon with force or weight; to exert pressure upon.


lexentry: eng/press__Verb__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: press
trans_list: prasować | uprasować
sense:
(transitive, sewing) To flatten a selected area of fabric using an iron with an up-and-down, not sliding, motion, so as to avoid disturbing adjacent areas.


lexentry: eng/presstitute__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: presstitute
trans_list: dziennikurwa | presstytutka
sense:
(derogatory, sometimes, attributive) A person or media entity that misleadingly tailors news to fit a particular partisan agenda.


lexentry: eng/pressure__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: pressure
trans_list: ciśnienie
sense:
(physics) The amount of force that is applied over a given area divided by the size of this area; force per unit area.


lexentry: eng/pressure_cooker__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pressure cooker
trans_list: szybkowar
sense:
(cookware) A sealed cooking vessel that allows cooking in greater than atmospheric pressure and at a temperature above the boiling point of water.


lexentry: eng/pressure_point__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pressure point
trans_list: punkt nacisku
sense:
(martial arts) A specific small area of the body targeted, due to a cluster of nerves being close to the skin, usually not protected by bone.


lexentry: eng/prestige__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prestige
trans_list: prestiż
sense:
The quality of how good the reputation of something or someone is, how favourably something or someone is regarded.


lexentry: eng/presume__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: presume
trans_list: przypuszczać
sense:
(transitive) To assume or suggest to be true (without proof); to take for granted, to suppose. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/presumption__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: presumption
trans_list: założenie
sense:
(legal) An inference that a trier of fact is either permitted or required to draw under certain factual circumstances (as prescribed by statute or case law) unless the party against whom the inference is drawn is able to rebut it with admissible, competent evidence.


lexentry: eng/presumption_of_innocence__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: presumption of innocence
trans_list: domniemanie niewinności
sense:
(legal) The precept that someone will not be convicted of a crime unless (the judge, prosecutor, officer) proves guilt beyond a reasonable doubt and is non-liquet, with there being no present burden of proof duty subjected on the accused to prove innocence.


lexentry: eng/presumptuous__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: presumptuous
trans_list: zarozumiały | bezczelny
sense:
Making unwarranted presumptions or assumptions, often out of arrogance or excessive self-confidence, and thus exceeding what is appropriate or right.


lexentry: eng/presuppose__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: presuppose
trans_list: antycypować
sense:
To assume some truth without proof, usually for the purpose of reaching a conclusion based on that truth.


lexentry: eng/pretender__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pretender
trans_list: pretendent
sense:
A claimant to a throne or the office of a ruler; originally in a neutral sense, but now always applied to a claimant who is held to have no just title.


lexentry: eng/preterite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: preterite
trans_list: czas przeszły
sense:
(grammar) A grammatical tense or verb form serving to denote events that took place or were completed in the past.


lexentry: eng/prevail__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prevail
trans_list: polonais
sense:
(intransitive) To be superior in strength, dominance, influence, or frequency; to have or gain the advantage over others; to have the upper hand; to outnumber others.


lexentry: eng/prevalence__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: prevalence
trans_list: chorobowość
sense:
(epidemiology) The total number of cases of a disease in a given statistical population at a given time, divided by the number of individuals in that population.


lexentry: eng/prevaricate__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: prevaricate
trans_list: omijać
sense:
(intransitive) To shift or turn from direct speech or behaviour; to deviate from the truth; to evade the truth; to waffle or be (intentionally) ambiguous.


lexentry: eng/preview__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: preview
trans_list: przedsmak
sense:
(computing) a facility for seeing and checking a document or photo, or changes to it, before saving and/or printing it.


lexentry: eng/prey__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: prey
trans_list: zdobycz
sense:
(archaic) Anything, such as goods, etc., taken or got by violence; something taken by force from an enemy in war.


lexentry: eng/priapism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: priapism
trans_list: priapizm | ciągotka
sense:
(pathology) A potentially painful or harmful medical condition in which the erect penis (erection) does not return to its flaccid state (despite the absence of both physical and psychological stimulation), often as a result of a spinal injury.


lexentry: eng/prickly_saltwort__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prickly saltwort
trans_list: solanka kolczysta
sense:
Salsola kali (syn. Kali turgidum), a coastal, halophilic, annual plant, with succulent, spiny leaves.


lexentry: eng/pride__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pride
trans_list: pycha | zarozumiałość | duma
sense:
The quality or state of being proud; an unreasonable overestimation of one's own superiority in terms of talents, looks, wealth, importance etc., which comes across as being lofty, distant, and often showing contempt of others.


lexentry: eng/pride__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pride
trans_list: duma
sense:
(having a positive sense, often with of or in) A sense of one's own worth, and scorn for what is beneath or unworthy of oneself.


lexentry: eng/pride__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: pride
trans_list: duma
sense:
Proud or disdainful behavior or treatment; insolence or arrogance of demeanor; haughty bearing and conduct; insolent exultation.


lexentry: eng/pride__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: pride
trans_list: duma
sense:
That of which one is proud; that which excites boasting or self-congratulation; the occasion or ground of self-esteem, or of arrogant and presumptuous confidence, as beauty, ornament, noble character, children, etc.


lexentry: eng/prie-dieu__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prie-dieu
trans_list: klęcznik
sense:
A piece of furniture on which someone can pray, consisting of a cushioned area to kneel on, with a built-in ledge for books. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/priest__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: priest
trans_list: ksiądz | kapłan | duchowny | klecha | prezbiter
sense:
A religious clergyman (clergywoman, clergyperson) who is trained to perform services or sacrifices at a church or temple.


lexentry: eng/primary__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: primary
trans_list: prawybory
sense:
(political science) A primary election; a preliminary election to select a political candidate of a political party.


lexentry: eng/primary_education__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: primary education
trans_list: wykształcenie podstawowe
sense:
The basic schooling given to children up to the age of puberty, including reading, writing, and basic mathematics.


lexentry: eng/primary_key__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: primary key
trans_list: klucz główny
sense:
(computing, databases) In the design of a database table, the primary key (abbreviated PK) is selected among the non-empty set of candidate keys. The PK is a column (or an irreducible group of columns) able to identify every row of the table.


lexentry: eng/primary_school__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: primary school
trans_list: szkoła podstawowa | podstawówka
sense:
(British, Australian, schools) A formal, obligatory kind of school that typically begins with nursery school or first grade and ends at fifth or sixth grade.


lexentry: eng/primary_source__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: primary source
trans_list: źródło pierwotne
sense:
(scholarly studies) An original work, especially one by a notable author whose work is now the subject of commentaries (secondary sources).


lexentry: eng/primary_source__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: primary source
trans_list: źródło pierwotne
sense:
(historiography) A historical object, especially a written document, that was created at or near the time of the events studied.


lexentry: eng/primate__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: primate
trans_list: prymas
sense:
(ecclesiastical) In the Catholic Church, a rare title conferred to or claimed by the sees of certain archbishops, or the highest-ranking bishop of a present or historical, usually political circumscription.


lexentry: eng/primate__Noun__2
sense_num: 03
written_rep: primate
trans_list: prymas
sense:
(ecclesiastical) In the Anglican Church, an archbishop, or the highest-ranking bishop of an ecclesiastic province.


lexentry: eng/prime__Adjective__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: prime
trans_list: pierwsza
sense:
(mathematics, lay) Having exactly two integral factors: itself and unity (1 in the case of integers).


lexentry: eng/prime_meridian__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prime meridian
trans_list: południk zerowy
sense:
The reference line at 0° longitude, passing through Greenwich, England, from which longitude east and west is measured.


lexentry: eng/prime_minister__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prime minister
trans_list: premier
sense:
The chief member of the cabinet and head of the government, especially in a parliamentary democracy; often the leader of the majority party.


lexentry: eng/prime_number__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prime number
trans_list: liczba pierwsza
sense:
(number theory) Any natural number greater than 1 that cannot be formed by multiplying two smaller natural numbers.


lexentry: eng/prime_time__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prime time
trans_list: prime time
sense:
(television, radio) The block of programming on television during the middle of the evening, usually between 7:00 pm and 11:00 pm.


lexentry: eng/primeval_forest__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: primeval forest
trans_list: puszcza
sense:
A forest unaffected by humans, typically containing large live trees, large dead trees, and large logs.


lexentry: eng/primitive__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: primitive
trans_list: prymityw
sense:
(programming) A data type that is built into the programming language, as opposed to more complex structures.


lexentry: eng/primitivism__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: primitivism
trans_list: prymitywizm
sense:
Any of a group of related styles in the arts, influenced by a belief in the superiority of primitive forms.


lexentry: eng/primogeniture__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: primogeniture
trans_list: primogenitura
sense:
The principle that the eldest child, traditionally the eldest male, has an exclusive right of inheritance.


lexentry: eng/primordial_soup__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: primordial soup
trans_list: zupa pierwotna
sense:
(informal, evolutionary theory) The state of the Earth's oceans at a very early time in the planet's history, during the early development of multicellular organisms.


lexentry: eng/prince__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: prince
trans_list: książę
sense:
A male member of a royal family other than the ruler; especially (in the United Kingdom) the son or grandson of the monarch. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/princess__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: princess
trans_list: księżniczka | księżna
sense:
A female member of a royal family other than a queen, especially a daughter or granddaughter of a monarch. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/principal__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: principal
trans_list: kapitał
sense:
(finance, uncountable) The money originally invested or loaned, on which basis interest and returns are calculated.


lexentry: eng/principal__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: principal
trans_list: klient | mocodawca
sense:
(legal) A legal person that authorizes another (the agent) to act on their behalf; or on whose behalf an agent or gestor in a negotiorum gestio acts.


lexentry: eng/principle_of_charity__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: principle of charity
trans_list: zasada wielkoduszności
sense:
(philosophy, rhetoric) The principle according to which an argument should be evaluated in light of its best, strongest possible interpretation.


lexentry: eng/print__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: print
trans_list: drukować
sense:
(transitive) To produce one or more copies of a text or image on a surface, especially by machine; often used with out or off: print out, print off.


lexentry: eng/print__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: print
trans_list: pisać drukowanymi literami
sense:
(ambitransitive) To write very clearly, especially, to write without connecting the letters as in cursive.


lexentry: eng/printed_circuit_board__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: printed circuit board
trans_list: obwód drukowany
sense:
(electronics) A flat board that holds chips and other electronic components in layers that interconnect via copper pathways, often called traces.


lexentry: eng/printed_matter__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: printed matter
trans_list: druki
sense:
Printed material produced by printers and publishers, including books, magazines, brochures, booklets, publicity material and newspapers, especially in relation to less expensive postage rates for such material.


lexentry: eng/printer__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: printer
trans_list: drukarz | drukarka
sense:
The operator of a printing press or the owner of a printing business; (metonymy) any printing business.


lexentry: eng/printer__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: printer
trans_list: drukarka
sense:
(now chiefly, _, computer hardware) A device, usually attached to a computer, used to print text or images onto paper; an analogous device capable of producing three-dimensional objects.


lexentry: eng/printing__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: printing
trans_list: druk | drukarstwo
sense:
(uncountable) The process or business of producing printed material by means of inked type and a printing press or similar technology.


lexentry: eng/prion__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prion
trans_list: petrelek
sense:
(molecular biology) A self-propagating misfolded conformer of a protein that is responsible for a number of diseases that affect the brain and other neural tissue.


lexentry: eng/prism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prism
trans_list: graniastosłup
sense:
(geometry) A polyhedron with parallel ends of the same size and shape, the other faces being parallelogram-shaped sides.


lexentry: eng/prism__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: prism
trans_list: pryzmat
sense:
A transparent block in the shape of a prism (typically with triangular ends), used to split or reflect light.


lexentry: eng/prison__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prison
trans_list: więzienie | pierdel
sense:
A place or institution where people are held against their will, in the US especially for long-term confinement, as of those convicted of serious crimes or otherwise considered undesirable by the government.


lexentry: eng/prison_guard__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prison guard
trans_list: strażnik więzienny
sense:
(law enforcement) An armed person working to provide order, security, discipline, punishment, and prevent escapes of prisoners in a jail that answers to a warden.


lexentry: eng/prisoner_of_war__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prisoner of war
trans_list: jeniec wojenny
sense:
A combatant or soldier who is captured by an enemy power during or immediately after an armed conflict. [from early 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/private_international_law__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: private international law
trans_list: prawo prywatne międzynarodowe
sense:
The law of a state that decides the law of which state is applied to legal relationships in civil and commercial matters that contain foreign elements.


lexentry: eng/private_law__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: private law
trans_list: prawo prywatneo | prawo prywatne
sense:
(legal) The area of law pertaining to the relationships between private persons (natural or legal persons including corporations), as opposed to relations between the state and private persons.


lexentry: eng/private_life__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: private life
trans_list: życie osobiste | życie prywatne
sense:
The aspects of one's life that are personal, such as family, friends and other personal relationships, as opposed to the elements that make up one's public or professional life.


lexentry: eng/private_message__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: private message
trans_list: priv | wiadomość prywatna
sense:
(Internet) A message sent to another user of a social media or chat platform through a private channel as opposed to a publicly accessible area or chatroom.


lexentry: eng/private_parts__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: private parts
trans_list: srom
sense:
(euphemistic) Those parts of the human body commonly expected to be covered by clothing when in public.


lexentry: eng/private_property__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: private property
trans_list: własność prywatna
sense:
(law, property law) Property to which individuals or corporations have certain exclusive property rights, but do not necessarily possess.


lexentry: eng/private_sector__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: private sector
trans_list: sektor prywatny
sense:
(business) All organizations in an economy or jurisdiction that are not controlled by government, including privately owned businesses and not-for-profit organizations.


lexentry: eng/privateer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: privateer
trans_list: korsarz
sense:
(historical) A privately owned warship that acted under a letter of marque to attack enemy merchant ships and take possession of their cargo. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/privateer__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: privateer
trans_list: kaper
sense:
(historical) An officer or any other member of the crew of such a ship; a government-sanctioned pirate. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/privation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: privation
trans_list: brak
sense:
(philosophy) The state of being deprived of or lacking an attribute formerly or properly possessed; the loss or absence of such an attribute.


lexentry: eng/privilege__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: privilege
trans_list: przywilej
sense:
(countable) A particular benefit, advantage, or favor; a right or immunity enjoyed by some but not others; a prerogative, preferential treatment. [from 10th c.]


lexentry: eng/prize__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: prize
trans_list: nagroda
sense:
An honour or reward striven for in a competitive contest; anything offered to be competed for, or as an inducement to, or reward of, effort.


lexentry: eng/pro-choice__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: pro-choice
trans_list: pro-choice
sense:
Supportive in general of a person's right to choose; supportive of self-determination, bodily integrity, and individual sovereignty.


lexentry: eng/pro_forma__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pro forma
trans_list: pro forma
sense:
Occurring, undertaken, or performed as a perfunctory matter, in the interest of form, or for the sake of formality.


lexentry: eng/probability_measure__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: probability measure
trans_list: miara probabilistyczna
sense:
(mathematics) A mathematical measure on a probability space that can take on values between 0 and 1, with 0 corresponding to the empty set and 1 to the entire space.


lexentry: eng/probability_theory__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: probability theory
trans_list: rachunek prawdopodobieństwa
sense:
(mathematics) The mathematical study of probability (the likelihood of occurrence of random events in order to predict the behavior of defined systems).


lexentry: eng/probation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: probation
trans_list: okres próbny | staż
sense:
A period of time when a person occupies a position only conditionally and may be removed if certain conditions are not met


lexentry: eng/probation_officer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: probation officer
trans_list: kurator sądowy
sense:
A law enforcement officer who supervises offenders who have been released from incarceration and, often, recommends sentencing in courts of law.


lexentry: eng/probiotic__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: probiotic
trans_list: probiotyk
sense:
(bacteriology) A food or dietary supplement, such as a yogurt, containing live bacteria for therapeutic reasons.


lexentry: eng/proboscis_monkey__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: proboscis monkey
trans_list: nosacz
sense:
Nasalis larvatus, a reddish-brown arboreal Old World monkey with an unusually large nose, endemic to Borneo.


lexentry: eng/proceed__Verb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: proceed
trans_list: kontynuować
sense:
(intransitive) To go on in an orderly or regulated manner; to begin and carry on a series of acts or measures; to act methodically


lexentry: eng/process__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: process
trans_list: asymilować | przyswajać
sense:
(transitive, figurative) To think about a piece of information, or a concept, in order to assimilate it, and perhaps accept it in a modified state.


lexentry: eng/processed_cheese__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: processed cheese
trans_list: ser topiony
sense:
Any of several types of natural cheese that are pasteurized to lengthen storage life and combined with emulsifiers to aid smoothness. In some cases processed cheeses contain added colorings and preservatives.


lexentry: eng/procession__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: procession
trans_list: procesja
sense:
A group of people or things moving along in an orderly, stately, or solemn manner; a train of persons advancing in order; a retinue.


lexentry: eng/proclivity__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: proclivity
trans_list: skłonność
sense:
A predisposition or natural inclination, propensity, or a predilection; especially, a strong disposition or bent.


lexentry: eng/procrustean_bed__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: procrustean bed
trans_list: prokrustowe łoże
sense:
An arbitrary standard, especially one that is forced upon people for the sake of conformity and involves the sacrifice of what is useful.


lexentry: eng/prodigal_son__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prodigal son
trans_list: syn marnotrawny
sense:
Someone who returns home from travelling or exile or who is welcomed back after disgrace, especially having repented of former extravagant or immoral behaviour.


lexentry: eng/producer__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: producer
trans_list: producent | producentka | wytwórca
sense:
(UK, Irish, slang) An arrest for speeding after which the driver is allowed seven (in the UK) or ten (in Ireland) days to produce his/her driving licence and related documents at a police station.


lexentry: eng/producer_good__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: producer good
trans_list: półfabrykat | półprodukt | półwyrób
sense:
(economics) An item of goods, such as partly finished goods, used as an input in the production of other goods.


lexentry: eng/product__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: product
trans_list: iloczyn | produkt
sense:
(mathematics) Any operation or a result thereof which generalises multiplication of numbers, like the multiplicative operation in a ring, product of types or a categorical product.


lexentry: eng/product__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: product
trans_list: produkt
sense:
Any tangible or intangible good or service that is a result of a process and that is intended for delivery to a customer or end user.


lexentry: eng/product_placement__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: product placement
trans_list: lokowanie produktu
sense:
(marketing) A form of advertising where a brand or product is incorporated into non-advertising media such as films.


lexentry: eng/profess__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: profess
trans_list: uczyć
sense:
(transitive, chiefly, passive) To administer the vows of a religious order to (someone); to admit to a religious order. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/profession_of_faith__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: profession of faith
trans_list: wyznanie wiary
sense:
(religion) A creed; a (typically formulaic) statement of the beliefs of one's religion, often recited during public prayers or liturgies.


lexentry: eng/professional_wrestling__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: professional wrestling
trans_list: wrestling
sense:
A form of sports entertainment characterized by the performance of choreographed wrestling matches with predetermined outcomes.


lexentry: eng/professionalism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: professionalism
trans_list: profesjonalizm
sense:
The status, methods, character or standards expected of a professional or of a professional organization, such as reliability, discretion, evenhandedness, and fair play.


lexentry: eng/professor__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: professor
trans_list: profesor | profesorka
sense:
(US, Philippines, informal) A teacher or faculty member at a college or university regardless of formal rank.


lexentry: eng/profit__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: profit
trans_list: profit | przychód
sense:
(accounting, economics) Total income or cash flow minus expenditures. The money or other benefit a non-governmental organization or individual receives in exchange for products and services sold at an advertised price.


lexentry: eng/profound__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: profound
trans_list: głęboki
sense:
Intellectually deep; entering far into subjects; reaching to the bottom of a matter, or of a branch of learning; thorough


lexentry: eng/progeria__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: progeria
trans_list: progeria
sense:
(pathology) An extremely rare genetic condition wherein symptoms resembling aspects of aging are manifested at an early age.


lexentry: eng/progesterone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: progesterone
trans_list: progesteron
sense:
(steroid hormone, uncountable) A steroid hormone, secreted by the ovaries, whose function is to prepare the uterus for the implantation of a fertilized ovum and to maintain pregnancy.


lexentry: eng/prognosis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prognosis
trans_list: prognoza
sense:
A forecast of the future course or outcome of a situation based on what is presently known; a prediction. [from mid 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/prognosis__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: prognosis
trans_list: prognoza | rokowanie
sense:
(medicine) A forecast of the future course or outcome of a disease or disorder based on current medical knowledge. [from mid 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/program__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: program
trans_list: program
sense:
(politics) A set of principle goals which are supported by a political party or individual candidate


lexentry: eng/program__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: program
trans_list: program
sense:
(computing) A software application, or a collection of software applications, designed to perform a specific task.


lexentry: eng/program__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: program
trans_list: programować
sense:
(transitive) To enter a program or other instructions into (a computer or other electronic device) to instruct it to do a particular task.


lexentry: eng/program_counter__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: program counter
trans_list: licznik programu
sense:
(computing) A register that stores the address of the current (or next) instruction to be carried out by the processor.


lexentry: eng/program_music__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: program music
trans_list: muzyka programowa
sense:
(music) A form of art music, generally without vocal parts, that attempts to convey a scene, image, or mood.


lexentry: eng/program_trading__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: program trading
trans_list: handel wysokich częstotliwości | handel wysokiej częstotliwości
sense:
(business, finance, computing) High-volume and high-speed buying and selling of investment securities, such as stocks and bonds, which is initiated and executed by brokerage firms' computer programs that continually monitor market conditions.


lexentry: eng/programming_language__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: programming language
trans_list: język programowania
sense:
(programming) Code of reserved words and symbols used in computer programs, which give instructions to the computer on how to accomplish certain computing tasks.


lexentry: eng/progress__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: progress
trans_list: postęp
sense:
Movement or advancement through a series of events, or points in time; development through time. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/progress_bar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: progress bar
trans_list: pasek postępu
sense:
(graphical user interface) A bar that indicates the progression of a task by gradually filling its empty space with solid colour.


lexentry: eng/progressive__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: progressive
trans_list: postępowiec | progresywista
sense:
A person who actively favors or strives for progress towards improved conditions, as in society or government.


lexentry: eng/project_management__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: project management
trans_list: zarządzanie projektami
sense:
(operations) The discipline of organizing and managing resources (e.g. people) in such a way that a project is completed within defined scope, quality, time and cost constraints.


lexentry: eng/projection__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: projection
trans_list: projekcja | wyświetlenie
sense:
The display of an image by devices such as movie projector, video projector, overhead projector or slide projector.


lexentry: eng/projection__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: projection
trans_list: projekcja
sense:
(psychology) A belief or assumption that others have similar thoughts and experiences to one's own. This includes making accusations that would more fittingly apply to the accuser.


lexentry: eng/projection__Noun__1
sense_num: 08
written_rep: projection
trans_list: projekcja
sense:
(cartography) Any of several systems of intersecting lines that allow the curved surface of the earth to be represented on a flat surface. The set of mathematics used to calculate coordinate positions.


lexentry: eng/projective_geometry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: projective geometry
trans_list: geometria rzutowa
sense:
(mathematics) a branch of mathematics that investigates those properties of figures that are invariant when projected from a point to a line or plane


lexentry: eng/projector__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: projector
trans_list: projektor | rzutnik
sense:
An optical device that projects a beam of light, especially one used to project an image (or moving images) onto a screen. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/prokaryote__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prokaryote
trans_list: prokariont
sense:
An organism whose cell (or cells) are characterized by the absence of a nucleus or any other membrane-bound organelles.


lexentry: eng/prolactin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prolactin
trans_list: prolaktyna
sense:
(hormone) A peptide gonadotrophic hormone secreted by the pituitary gland; it stimulates growth of the mammary glands and lactation in females.


lexentry: eng/proleg__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: proleg
trans_list: posuwka
sense:
(entomology) An appendage of the abdomen of some insect larvae, such as caterpillars, which is used like a leg.


lexentry: eng/proletariat__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: proletariat
trans_list: proletariat
sense:
(often, derogatory, also, figuratively) The lowest class of society; also, the lower classes of society generally; the masses.


lexentry: eng/proletariat__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: proletariat
trans_list: proletariat
sense:
(Marxism) Wage earners collectively, excluding salaried workers; people who own no capital and depend on their labour for survival; the working class, especially when seen as engaged in a class struggle with the bourgeoisie.


lexentry: eng/proletariat__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: proletariat
trans_list: proletariat
sense:
(chiefly, Ancient Rome, historical) The lowest class of citizens, who had no property and few rights, and were regarded as contributing only their offspring to the state.


lexentry: eng/proliferation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: proliferation
trans_list: rozprzestrzenienie
sense:
(uncountable) The process by which an organism produces others of its kind; breeding, propagation, procreation, reproduction.


lexentry: eng/proliferation__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: proliferation
trans_list: proliferacja
sense:
(uncountable) The spread of biochemical, nuclear and other weapons of mass destruction to countries not originally involved in developing them.


lexentry: eng/prolific__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prolific
trans_list: płodny
sense:
Fertile; producing offspring or fruit in abundance — applied to plants producing fruit, animals producing young, etc.


lexentry: eng/proline__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: proline
trans_list: prolina
sense:
(amino acid) A nonessential amino acid C5H9NO2 found in most animal proteins, especially collagen; its cyclic structure leads to kinks in the peptide chain of proteins.


lexentry: eng/prom__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: prom
trans_list: bela
sense:
(US) A formal ball held at a high school or college on special occasions; e.g,. near the end of the academic year.


lexentry: eng/promenade__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: promenade
trans_list: promenada
sense:
A place where one takes a walk for leisurely pleasure, or for exercise, especially a terrace by the seaside.


lexentry: eng/prominence__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: prominence
trans_list: wzniesienie
sense:
(topography) Autonomous height; relative height or prime factor; a concept used in the categorization of hills and mountains.


lexentry: eng/promiscuous__Adjective__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: promiscuous
trans_list: nasłuchujący
sense:
(networking) The mode in which an NIC gathers all network traffic instead of getting only the traffic intended for it.


lexentry: eng/promise__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: promise
trans_list: obiecywać | obiecać
sense:
(ambitransitive) To commit to (some action or outcome), or to assure (a person) of such commitment; to make an oath or vow.


lexentry: eng/promissory_note__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: promissory note
trans_list: weksel własny
sense:
(finance) A document saying that someone owes a specific amount of money to someone else, often with the deadline and interest fees; the primary purposes of a promissory note are to evidence the debt obligation incurred, and to establish terms for payment thereof.


lexentry: eng/promote__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: promote
trans_list: promować | wypromować
sense:
(transitive) To advocate or urge on behalf of (something or someone); to attempt to popularize or sell by means of advertising or publicity.


lexentry: eng/promoter__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: promoter
trans_list: promotor | promotorka
sense:
(genetics) The section of DNA that controls the initiation of RNA transcription as a product of a gene.


lexentry: eng/promotional__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: promotional
trans_list: awansowy | promocyjny
sense:
Of or relating to an advertising promotion; serving to promote a service, institution, business, etc.


lexentry: eng/prompt__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: prompt
trans_list: monit
sense:
(computing) A sequence of characters that is displayed to indicate that a computer is ready to receive input.


lexentry: eng/prompter's_box__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prompter's box
trans_list: dziura
sense:
The raised box in the apron of a stage, opening towards the actors. The prompter sits inside with the prompter's book, ready to give cues for missed or forgotten lines.


lexentry: eng/pronoia__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pronoia
trans_list: pronoja
sense:
(historical, Byzantine Empire) An imperial grant to an individual of temporary fiscal rights in the form of land, incomes or taxes from land, fishing rights, etc., sometimes carrying with it an obligation of military service.


lexentry: eng/pronominal_adverb__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pronominal adverb
trans_list: przysłówek zaimkowy
sense:
(grammar) An adverb which contains a pronominal element; generally such an adverb replaces a phrase of preposition + pronoun.


lexentry: eng/pronominal_verb__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pronominal verb
trans_list: czasownik zwrotny
sense:
(linguistics, grammar) A form of verb that has an attached pronoun in some languages (e.g. French, Spanish).


lexentry: eng/pronoun__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pronoun
trans_list: zaimek
sense:
(grammar) A type of word that refers anaphorically to a noun or noun phrase, but which cannot ordinarily be preceded by a determiner and rarely takes an attributive adjective.


lexentry: eng/proof__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: proof
trans_list: dowód
sense:
(countable) An effort, process, or operation designed to establish or discover a fact or truth; an act of testing; a test; a trial.


lexentry: eng/proof__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: proof
trans_list: dowód
sense:
(uncountable) The degree of evidence which convinces the mind of any truth or fact, and produces belief; a test by facts or arguments which induce, or tend to induce, certainty of the judgment; conclusive evidence; demonstration.


lexentry: eng/proof__Noun__1
sense_num: 09
written_rep: proof
trans_list: dowód
sense:
(countable, mathematics) A process for testing the accuracy of an operation performed. Compare prove, transitive verb, 5.


lexentry: eng/proof_by_contradiction__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: proof by contradiction
trans_list: dowód nie wprost | sprowadzenie do absurdu
sense:
(mathematics, logic) Proof of a statement adduced by deriving a contradiction from the statement's negation.


lexentry: eng/proofread__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: proofread
trans_list: poprawiać
sense:
(transitive, and, intransitive) To check a written text for errors in spelling, grammar, syntax, and punctuation.


lexentry: eng/prop__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prop
trans_list: rekwizyt
sense:
(theater, film) An item placed on a stage or set to create a scene or scenario in which actors perform.


lexentry: eng/propaganda__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: propaganda
trans_list: propaganda
sense:
(as a neutral word, _, dated) Agitation, publicity, public communication aimed at influencing an audience and furthering an agenda.


lexentry: eng/propaganda_of_the_deed__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: propaganda of the deed
trans_list: propaganda czynem
sense:
A politically motivated act of violence, meant to broadcast an ideological message and serve as catalyst to ignite a spirit of socialist revolution among the proletariat against perceived oppressors.


lexentry: eng/propagate__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: propagate
trans_list: propagować
sense:
(transitive) To spread from person to person; to extend the knowledge of; to originate and spread; to carry from place to place; to disseminate.


lexentry: eng/propel__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: propel
trans_list: poruszyć
sense:
(transitive) To provide an impetus for motion or physical action, to cause to move in a certain direction; to drive forward.


lexentry: eng/propellant__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: propellant
trans_list: paliwo
sense:
fuel, oxidizer, reaction mass or mixture for one or more engines (especially internal combustion engines or jet engines) that is carried within a vehicle prior to use


lexentry: eng/propeller__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: propeller
trans_list: śmigło | śruba
sense:
A mechanical device with evenly-shaped blades that turn on a shaft to push against air or water, especially one used to propel an aircraft or boat.


lexentry: eng/proper_fraction__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: proper fraction
trans_list: ułamek właściwy
sense:
(arithmetic) A vulgar fraction in which the magnitude of the numerator is less than or equal to that of the denominator, such as 2/3.


lexentry: eng/proper_noun__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: proper noun
trans_list: nazwa własna
sense:
(grammar) A word or phrase that is a noun denoting a particular person, place, organization, ship, animal, event, or other individual entity.


lexentry: eng/property_tax__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: property tax
trans_list: podatek od nieruchomości
sense:
A tax, usually ad valorem, charged on the basis of the fair market value of property. The scope of taxable property varies by jurisdiction and it may include personal property in addition to real estate.


lexentry: eng/propitiation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: propitiation
trans_list: przebłagiwanie
sense:
The act of propitiating; placation, atonement, similar to expiation but with the added concept of appeasement of anger.


lexentry: eng/propolis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: propolis
trans_list: kit pszczeli | propolis
sense:
An aromatic glue-like substance produced by honeybees from tree resin, waxes, and their own secretions, used in the construction of their hives.


lexentry: eng/proportional__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: proportional
trans_list: proporcjonalny
sense:
(mathematics) At a constant ratio (to). Two magnitudes (numbers) are said to be proportional if the second varies in a direct relation arithmetically to the first. Symbol: ∝.


lexentry: eng/proportional_representation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: proportional representation
trans_list: ordynacja proporcjonala
sense:
A voting principle aimed at securing a close match between the percentage of votes that groups of candidates (usually political parties) obtain in elections, and the percentage of seats they receive in the elected body.


lexentry: eng/proposal__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: proposal
trans_list: oświadczyny | oferta | wniosek
sense:
(legal) The offer by a party of what they have in view as to an intended business transaction, which, with acceptance, constitutes a contract.


lexentry: eng/proposition__Noun__1
sense_num: 08
written_rep: proposition
trans_list: stwierdzenie
sense:
(countable, mathematics) An assertion which is provably true, but not important enough to be called a theorem.


lexentry: eng/propositional_logic__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: propositional logic
trans_list: rachunek zdań
sense:
(logic) A formal deductive system in which formulae representing propositions can be formed by combining atomic propositions using logical connectives.


lexentry: eng/propriety__Noun__1
sense_num: 08
written_rep: propriety
trans_list: forma
sense:
(often, in the plural) Correctness in behaviour and morals; good manners, seemliness. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/propulsion__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: propulsion
trans_list: napęd
sense:
The process of propelling, driving, or pushing, typically forward or onward; a propulsive force or impulse.


lexentry: eng/propyl__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: propyl
trans_list: propyl
sense:
(organic chemistry) Either of two isomeric univalent hydrocarbon radicals, C3H7, formally derived from propane by the loss of a hydrogen atom. [from 1850]


lexentry: eng/propylene__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: propylene
trans_list: propen
sense:
(organic compound) The organic chemical compound propene. An alkene which is a colorless gaseous (at room temperature and pressure) hydrocarbon with the chemical formula C3H6.


lexentry: eng/prosaic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: prosaic
trans_list: prozaiczny
sense:
(main usage, usually of writing or speaking but also figurative) Overly plain, simple or commonplace, to the point of being boring.


lexentry: eng/prosecution__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: prosecution
trans_list: prokuratura | strona oskarżająca
sense:
(legal) In many countries, a legal body and institution, usually part of the state apparatus, empowered to perform prosecution. Prosecutor's Office. See Prosecutor.


lexentry: eng/prosecutor__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: prosecutor
trans_list: prokurator
sense:
(law) a person, as a complainant, victim, or chief witness, who institutes prosecution in a criminal proceeding.


lexentry: eng/proselytize__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: proselytize
trans_list: apostołować
sense:
(ambitransitive, broadly) To advertise one’s religious beliefs; to convert (someone) to one’s own faith or religious movement or encourage them to do so.


lexentry: eng/proselytize__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: proselytize
trans_list: apostołować
sense:
(by extension, ambitransitive) To advertise a non-religious belief, way of living, cause, point of view, (scientific) hypothesis, social or other position, political party, or other organization; to convince someone to join such a cause or organization or support such a position; to recruit someone.


lexentry: eng/prosimian__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prosimian
trans_list: małpiatka
sense:
A primate that is not a monkey or an ape, generally nocturnal with large eyes and ears. Such primates were formerly grouped in the suborder Prosimii, but are now considered a paraphyletic group and not a clade.


lexentry: eng/prosopagnosia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prosopagnosia
trans_list: prozopagnozja
sense:
(neurology, pathology, psychology) A form of visual agnosia characterized by difficulty with face recognition despite intact low-level visual processing.


lexentry: eng/prosopopoeia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prosopopoeia
trans_list: animizacja | ożywienie | prozopopeja
sense:
(rhetoric) An act of personifying a person or object when communicating to an audience; a figure of speech involving this.


lexentry: eng/prosper__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: prosper
trans_list: prosperować
sense:
(intransitive) To be successful; to succeed; to be fortunate or prosperous; to thrive; to make gain.


lexentry: eng/prostate_gland__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prostate gland
trans_list: gruczoł krokowy
sense:
(anatomy) A gland in male mammals surrounding the urethra just below the urinary bladder that controls the release of urine from the bladder and produces a secretion that is the fluid part of semen.


lexentry: eng/prosthodontics__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prosthodontics
trans_list: protetyka stomatologiczna
sense:
Prosthetic dentistry: a specialty of dentistry concerned with the restoration or replacement of damaged or missing teeth or portions thereof.


lexentry: eng/prostitute__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: prostitute
trans_list: prostytutka | kurwa | męska prostytutka
sense:
A person who does, or offers to do, a demeaning or dishonourable activity for money or personal gain; someone who acts in a dishonourable way for personal advantage. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/prostitute__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prostitute
trans_list: prostytuować się | sprostytuować się
sense:
(transitive, reflexive) To offer (oneself or someone else) for sexual activity in exchange for money. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/prostitute__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: prostitute
trans_list: prostytuować | prostytuować się | sprostytuować | sprostytuować się
sense:
(transitive, derogatory) To sacrifice (oneself, one's talents etc.) in return for profit or other advantage; to exploit for base purposes.


lexentry: eng/protagonist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: protagonist
trans_list: protagonista | bohater | główny bohater | protagonistka
sense:
(authorship) The main character, or one of the main characters, in any story, such as a literary work or drama.


lexentry: eng/protection_racket__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: protection racket
trans_list: haracz
sense:
(crime) A criminal scheme in which victims are required to pay in order to avoid violence or destruction of property.


lexentry: eng/protectionism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: protectionism
trans_list: protekcjonizm
sense:
(politics, economics) A system or policy of protecting the domestic producers of a product from foreign competition by imposing tariffs, quotas, duties or other barriers on importations.


lexentry: eng/protectionist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: protectionist
trans_list: protekcjonista | protekcjonistka
sense:
Someone who believes in protecting domestic producers by impeding or limiting the importation of foreign goods and services via actions taken by government.


lexentry: eng/protectorate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: protectorate
trans_list: protektorat
sense:
Government by a protector; especially, the government of England, Scotland, and Ireland by Oliver Cromwell.


lexentry: eng/protectorate__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: protectorate
trans_list: protektorat
sense:
The authority assumed by a superior power over an inferior or a dependent one, whereby the former protects the latter from invasion and shares in the management of its affairs but the protected state retains its nominal sovereignty.


lexentry: eng/protectorate__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: protectorate
trans_list: protektorat
sense:
An autonomous territory that is protected diplomatically or militarily against third parties by a stronger state or entity.


lexentry: eng/protein__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: protein
trans_list: białko | proteina
sense:
(biochemistry, countable) Any of numerous large, complex naturally-produced molecules composed of one or more long chains of amino acids, in which the amino acid groups are held together by peptide bonds.


lexentry: eng/protein__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: protein
trans_list: białko | proteina
sense:
(nutrition, uncountable) One of three major classes of food or source of food energy (4 kcal/gram) abundant in animal-derived foods (i.e. meat) and some vegetables, such as legumes.


lexentry: eng/proteome__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: proteome
trans_list: proteom
sense:
(biochemistry, genetics) The complete set of proteins encoded by a particular genome. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/prothesis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prothesis
trans_list: proteza
sense:
(phonology) The prepending of phonemes at the beginning of a word without changing its morphological structure, as in Spanish esfera from Greek (via Latin) (without prothesis the word would have become *sfera).


lexentry: eng/prothrombin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prothrombin
trans_list: protrombina
sense:
(protein) A glycoprotein, produced in the liver, that is converted into thrombin during bleeding and subsequent clotting.


lexentry: eng/protist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: protist
trans_list: protista
sense:
(microbiology) Any of the eukaryotic unicellular organisms—including protozoans, slime molds and some algae—historically grouped into the kingdom Protista (or Protoctista), now distributed over several clades.


lexentry: eng/protium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: protium
trans_list: prot
sense:
(isotope) The lightest and most common isotope of hydrogen, having a single proton and no neutrons: 11H


lexentry: eng/proto-language__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: proto-language
trans_list: prajęzyk
sense:
(linguistics) A language which is reconstructed by examining similarities in existing languages in order to deduce the form and aspects of a common ancestor language that is no longer known.


lexentry: eng/protocol__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: protocol
trans_list: protokół
sense:
(international law, now, _, rare) An official record of a diplomatic meeting or negotiation; later specifically, a draft document setting out agreements to be signed into force by a subsequent formal treaty. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/protocol__Noun__1
sense_num: 08
written_rep: protocol
trans_list: protokół
sense:
The official rules and guidelines for heads of state and other dignitaries, governing accepted behaviour in relations with other diplomatic representatives or over affairs of state. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/protocol__Noun__1
sense_num: 10
written_rep: protocol
trans_list: protokół
sense:
(computing) A set of formal rules describing how to transmit or exchange data, especially across a network. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/protologism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: protologism
trans_list: protologizm
sense:
(neologism) A newly coined word or phrase defined in the hope that it will become common; a recently created term possibly in narrow use but not yet acknowledged.


lexentry: eng/proton__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: proton
trans_list: proton
sense:
(particle) A positively charged subatomic particle forming part of the nucleus of an atom and determining the atomic number of an element, composed of two up quarks and a down quark.


lexentry: eng/protoplanet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: protoplanet
trans_list: protoplaneta
sense:
An astronomical object, approximately the size of the Moon, formed from the mutual gravitational attraction of planetesimals; they are thought to collide with each other and slowly form planets


lexentry: eng/protoplasm__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: protoplasm
trans_list: protoplazma
sense:
(cytology) The entire contents of a cell comprising the nucleus and the cytoplasm. It is a semi-fluid, transparent substance which is the living matter of plant and animal cells.


lexentry: eng/prototype__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prototype
trans_list: prototyp
sense:
An original form or object which is a basis for other forms or objects (particularly manufactured items), or for its generalizations and models. [from late 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/prototype__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: prototype
trans_list: prototyp
sense:
(semantics) An instance of a category or a concept that combines its most representative attributes.


lexentry: eng/protozoan__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: protozoan
trans_list: pierwotniak
sense:
(cytology) Any of the diverse group of eukaryotes, of the phylum Protozoa, that are primarily unicellular, existing singly or aggregating into colonies, are usually nonphotosynthetic, and are often classified further into phyla according to their capacity for and means of motility, as by pseudopods, flagella, or cilia.


lexentry: eng/protract__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: protract
trans_list: szkicować
sense:
(surveying) To draw to a scale; to lay down the lines and angles of, with scale and protractor; to plot.


lexentry: eng/protégé__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: protégé
trans_list: protegowana | protegowany
sense:
A person who is guided and supported by an older and more experienced person (a protector or mentor).


lexentry: eng/province__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: province
trans_list: prowincja
sense:
(Christianity) An area under the jurisdiction of an archbishop, typically comprising a number of adjacent dioceses. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/provision__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: provision
trans_list: rezerwa
sense:
(accounting) A liability or contra account to recognise likely future adverse events associated with current transactions.


lexentry: eng/provisional__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: provisional
trans_list: tymczasowy
sense:
Temporary, but with the intention of eventually becoming permanent or being replaced by a permanent equivalent.


lexentry: eng/provitamin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: provitamin
trans_list: prowitamina
sense:
(biochemistry) Any biologically inactive compound that may be converted into a vitamin within an animal organism


lexentry: eng/provost__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: provost
trans_list: prepozyt
sense:
(religion) The minister of the chief Protestant church of a town or region in Germany, the Low Countries, and Scandinavia.


lexentry: eng/provost__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: provost
trans_list: prepozyt | prowost
sense:
A mayor: the chief magistrate of a town, particularly (Scotland) the head of a burgh or (historical) the former chiefs of various towns in France, Flanders, or (by extension) other Continental European countries.


lexentry: eng/provost__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: provost
trans_list: prepozyt | prowost
sense:
(historical) A steward or seneschal: a medieval agent given management of a feudal estate or charged with collecting fees; (obsolete, sometimes as ~ of Paradise or ~ of Heaven) a title of the archangel Michael.


lexentry: eng/prowl__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prowl
trans_list: grasować
sense:
(ambitransitive) To rove over, through, or about in a stealthy manner; especially, to search in, as for prey or booty.


lexentry: eng/proxy__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: proxy
trans_list: pośrednik
sense:
(software) An interface for a service, especially for one that is remote, resource-intensive, or otherwise difficult to use directly.


lexentry: eng/proxy_pattern__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: proxy pattern
trans_list: zastępca
sense:
(software, design) A structural design pattern that is implemented as a class functioning as an interface for a network connection, a large object in memory, a file, or some other resource that is expensive or impossible to duplicate.


lexentry: eng/proxy_server__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: proxy server
trans_list: serwer pośredniczący | serwer-pośrednik
sense:
(computing) A hardware server that acts as an intermediary between a user and another server, usually on the Internet.


lexentry: eng/proxy_war__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: proxy war
trans_list: wojna zastępcza
sense:
A war where two powers use third parties as a supplement to, or a substitute for, fighting each other directly.


lexentry: eng/prude__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prude
trans_list: świętoszek | świętoszka
sense:
A person who is or tries to be excessively proper, especially one who is easily offended by matters of a sexual nature.


lexentry: eng/prune__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: prune
trans_list: suszona śliwka
sense:
(intransitive, informal) To become wrinkled like a dried plum, as the fingers and toes do when kept submerged in water.


lexentry: eng/pruning_shears__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pruning shears
trans_list: sekator
sense:
(plurale tantum) A tool consisting of two blades with bevel edges, connected by a pivot, used for gardening.


lexentry: eng/psalm__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: psalm
trans_list: psalm
sense:
One of the hymns by David and others, collected into one book of the Old Testament, or a modern metrical version of such a hymn for public worship.


lexentry: eng/psaltery__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: psaltery
trans_list: psałterz
sense:
(musical instrument) A zither-like musical instrument consisting of a soundboard with multiple strings, played by plucking the strings with the fingers or a plectrum.


lexentry: eng/pseudocode__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pseudocode
trans_list: pseudokod
sense:
(computing) A description of a computer programming algorithm that uses the structural conventions of programming languages but omits detailed subroutines or language-specific syntax.


lexentry: eng/pseudoephedrine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pseudoephedrine
trans_list: pseudoefedryna
sense:
(pharmaceutical drug) A sympathomimetic alkaloid commonly used as a decongestant; a chemical compound, an isomer of ephedrine, with the formula C10H15NO.


lexentry: eng/pseudonymization__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pseudonymization
trans_list: pseudonimizacja
sense:
(computing, law) The replacement of all data (in a database etc) that identifies a person with an artificial identifier or pseudonym.


lexentry: eng/pseudopod__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pseudopod
trans_list: nibynóżka
sense:
(cytology) A temporary projection of the cytoplasm of certain cells, such as phagocytes, or of certain unicellular organisms, such as amoebas, that serves in locomotion. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/pseudorandom__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pseudorandom
trans_list: pseudolosowy
sense:
Of a sequence of numbers, such that it has all the properties of a random sequence following some probability distribution (except true randomness), but is actually generated using a deterministic algorithm.


lexentry: eng/pseudoscience__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pseudoscience
trans_list: pseudonauka
sense:
Any body of knowledge that purports to be scientific or to be supported by science but which fails to comply with the scientific method.


lexentry: eng/pseudoscorpion__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pseudoscorpion
trans_list: zaleszczotek
sense:
An arachnid belonging to the order Pseudoscorpiones, also known as Pseudoscorpionida or Chelonethida


lexentry: eng/pseudoword__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pseudoword
trans_list: logatom
sense:
(linguistics) A unit of speech or text that respects the phonotactic restrictions of a language, but is not part of the lexicon; a non-word whose nonexistence is merely an accidental gap.


lexentry: eng/psi__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: psi
trans_list: psi
sense:
(countable) The twenty-third letter of Classical and Modern Greek and the twenty-fifth letter of Old and Ancient Greek.


lexentry: eng/psilocybin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: psilocybin
trans_list: psylocybina
sense:
(biochemistry) A hallucinogenic alkaloid, C12H15N2O·H2PO3, present in several species of Central American mushroom and producing effects similar to LSD. The prodrug of psilocin.


lexentry: eng/psoriasis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: psoriasis
trans_list: łuszczyca
sense:
(disease) A noncontagious disease whose main symptom is gray or silvery flaky patches on the skin which are red and inflamed underneath when scratched.


lexentry: eng/psyched_up__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: psyched up
trans_list: gotowy
sense:
(idiomatic, informal) In a state of heightened mental preparedness for a difficult or hazardous enterprise, or one where success is particularly sought.


lexentry: eng/psychedelic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: psychedelic
trans_list: psychodeliczny
sense:
Of, containing, generating, or reminiscent of drug-induced hallucinations, distortions of perception, altered awareness etc.


lexentry: eng/psychedelic__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: psychedelic
trans_list: psychodelik
sense:
Any psychoactive substance (such as LSD or psilocybin) which, when consumed, causes perceptual changes (sometimes erratic and uncontrollable), visual hallucination, and altered awareness of the body and mind.


lexentry: eng/psychiatry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: psychiatry
trans_list: psychiatria
sense:
(medicine) The branch of medicine that focuses on mental and behavioral health by subjectively diagnosing, treating, or preventing mental disorders (mental illnesses) and behavioural conditions.


lexentry: eng/psychical__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: psychical
trans_list: psychiczny
sense:
Performed by or pertaining to the psyche (the mind, spirit, or both): mental, psychic. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/psychoanalysis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: psychoanalysis
trans_list: psychoanaliza
sense:
A family of theories and methods within the field of psychotherapy that work to find connections among patients' unconscious mental processes.


lexentry: eng/psychokinesis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: psychokinesis
trans_list: psychokineza
sense:
(parapsychology) The movement of physical systems and objects by the use of psychic power. Abbreviated as PK.


lexentry: eng/psychological__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: psychological
trans_list: psychologiczny
sense:
Relating to the mind and behavior or to the mental, emotional, and behavioral characteristics pertaining to a specified person, group, or activity.


lexentry: eng/psychological_warfare__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: psychological warfare
trans_list: wojna psychologiczna
sense:
(idiomatic) A mentally manipulative approach to warfare involving use of techniques to demoralize or intimidate someone into surrender.


lexentry: eng/psychology__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: psychology
trans_list: psychologia
sense:
(countable) The mental, emotional, and behavioral characteristics pertaining to a specified person, group, or activity.


lexentry: eng/psychometry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: psychometry
trans_list: psychometria
sense:
(parapsychology) The paranormal ability to discover information about an object's past, and especially about its past owners, merely by handling it.


lexentry: eng/psychopath__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: psychopath
trans_list: psychopata | psychopatka
sense:
A person with a personality disorder indicated by a pattern of lying, cunning, manipulating, glibness, exploiting, heedlessness, arrogance, delusions of grandeur, carelessness, low self-control, disregard for morality, lack of acceptance of responsibility, callousness, and lack of empathy and remorse. Such an individual may be especially prone to violent and criminal offenses.


lexentry: eng/psychopathology__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: psychopathology
trans_list: psychopatologia
sense:
(medicine, pathology) The study of the origin, development, diagnosis and treatment of mental and behavioural disorders.


lexentry: eng/psychopathy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: psychopathy
trans_list: psychopatia
sense:
A personality disorder indicated by a pattern of lying, exploitation, heedlessness, arrogance, sexual promiscuity, low self-control, and lack of empathy and remorse. Violent and criminal offenses may be indicative of this disorder.


lexentry: eng/psychophysics__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: psychophysics
trans_list: psychofizyka
sense:
(psychology) The branch of psychology concerned with the effects of physical stimuli on mental processes.


lexentry: eng/psychosis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: psychosis
trans_list: psychoza
sense:
(psychology) A severe mental disorder, sometimes with physical damage to the brain, marked by a deranged personality and a distorted view of reality.


lexentry: eng/psychotherapy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: psychotherapy
trans_list: psychoterapia
sense:
The treatment of people diagnosed with mental and emotional disorders using dialogue and a variety of psychological techniques.


lexentry: eng/psyllium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: psyllium
trans_list: babka szerokolistna
sense:
Any of several plants of the subgenus Plantago subg. Psyllium, whose seeds are used commercially for the production of mucilage and their laxative properties.


lexentry: eng/ptarmigan__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ptarmigan
trans_list: pardwa
sense:
Any of three species of small grouse in the genus Lagopus found in subarctic tundra areas of North America and Eurasia.


lexentry: eng/pterosaur__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pterosaur
trans_list: pterozaur | jaszczur latający
sense:
Any of several flying reptiles, of the extinct order †Pterosauria, including the pterodactyls. [from c. 1860]


lexentry: eng/pub__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pub
trans_list: pub | knajpa | gospoda | piwiarnia
sense:
(UK, Ireland, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, South Africa) A public house where beverages, primarily alcoholic, may be bought and consumed, also providing food and sometimes entertainment such as live music or television.


lexentry: eng/public-private_partnership__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: public-private partnership
trans_list: partnerstwo publiczno-prywatne
sense:
(politics, government, business) An arrangement by which one or more private firms agrees to fund, create, or operate a facility, service, or other element of public infrastructure (such as a school, hospital, or highway) which is usually the sole responsibility of government, in return for all or some of the revenue generated by that facility or service.


lexentry: eng/public__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: public
trans_list: publiczny
sense:
Pertaining to the people as a whole (as opposed to a private group); concerning the whole country, community etc. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/public__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: public
trans_list: publiczny
sense:
Officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the state on behalf of the community. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/public__Adjective__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: public
trans_list: publiczny
sense:
Open to all members of a community; especially, provided by national or local authorities and supported by money from taxes. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/public_address_system__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: public address system
trans_list: głośnik
sense:
An electronic voice-amplification apparatus, usually containing a set of two loudspeakers and a central control unit, used for singing, giving a speech, play-by-play commentary at events, or broadcasting in public areas like in airports or stations.


lexentry: eng/public_domain__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: public domain
trans_list: domena publiczna | własność publiczna
sense:
(specifically, law) The realm of intellectual property which is not or no longer protected by copyrights or patents, and thus over which no person can establish a proprietary interest.


lexentry: eng/public_holiday__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: public holiday
trans_list: święto
sense:
A national or regional holiday from work on a specific day, usually for cultural reasons or celebrations.


lexentry: eng/public_law__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: public law
trans_list: prawo publiczne
sense:
(legal) A category of law governing the relationship between the state on the one hand and persons (citizens or legal persons including corporations) on the other. Constitutional law, administrative law and criminal law are some of the major subdivisions of public law.


lexentry: eng/public_limited_liability_company__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: public limited liability company
trans_list: spółka akcyjna
sense:
A type or form of for-profit incorporated company where ownership is divided into shares that are publicly tradeable usually in a stock exchange.


lexentry: eng/public_office__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: public office
trans_list: urząd
sense:
(government) A position or occupation established by law or by the act of a government body, for the purpose of exercising the authority of the government in the service of the public.


lexentry: eng/public_property__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: public property
trans_list: własność publiczna
sense:
(law, property law) Property, assets or information directly owned by or under the control of the state.


lexentry: eng/public_relations__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: public relations
trans_list: PR | public relations
sense:
The professional dissemination and management of information by a person or an organization to the public with the purpose of creating a favorable public image.


lexentry: eng/public_service__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: public service
trans_list: usługa publiczna
sense:
(countable) A service such as health care, transport, or waste removal provided to the general public, often by the government.


lexentry: eng/public_service_announcement__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: public service announcement
trans_list: ogłoszenie społeczne
sense:
An advertisement intended to serve the public interest by raising awareness of an issue, affecting public attitudes and potentially stimulating action.


lexentry: eng/public_transport__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: public transport
trans_list: transport publiczny
sense:
(UK, AU, NZ) Any form of transport that can be used by a member of public (who usually pays a fare); as opposed to private ownership of e.g. cars.


lexentry: eng/publican__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: publican
trans_list: publikanin
sense:
(Ancient Rome, historical) A tax collector, especially one working in Judea and Galilee during New Testament times (1st century C.E.) who was generally regarded as sinful for extorting more tax than was due, and as a traitor for serving the Roman Empire.


lexentry: eng/pudding__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: pudding
trans_list: budyń
sense:
A type of dessert that has a texture similar to custard or mousse but using some kind of starch as the thickening agent.


lexentry: eng/puddle__Verb__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: puddle
trans_list: mętlik
sense:
To collect ideas, especially abstract concepts, into rough subtopics or categories, as in study, research or conversation.


lexentry: eng/puddle_jumper__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: puddle jumper
trans_list: awionetka
sense:
(idiomatic) A small passenger airplane, typically used for shorter connecting trips to smaller airports.


lexentry: eng/puerperium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: puerperium
trans_list: połóg
sense:
(obstetrics) The period of time lasting around a month immediately following childbirth, when the mother’s uterus shrinks back to its prepartum state.


lexentry: eng/puff_pastry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: puff pastry
trans_list: ciasto francuskie | ciasto listkowe
sense:
A light, flaky pastry that is made of alternating buttery and floury dough layers by repeatedly folding the rolled pastry into many layers.


lexentry: eng/puff_piece__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: puff piece
trans_list: laurka
sense:
A journalistic form of puffery; an article or story of exaggerating praise that often ignores or downplays opposing viewpoints or evidence to the contrary.


lexentry: eng/puffball__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: puffball
trans_list: kurzawka | purchawka
sense:
Any of various fungi that produce a cloud of brown dust-like spores from their mature fruiting bodies.


lexentry: eng/pufferfish__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pufferfish
trans_list: najeżka
sense:
(uncountable) The meat of these fish, a delicacy popular in Japan served raw as sushi that may, if improperly prepared, contain deadly levels of neurotoxins; (Japanese) fugu.


lexentry: eng/puffin__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: puffin
trans_list: maskonur
sense:
The Atlantic puffin (Fratercula arctica) or (by extension) any of the other various small seabirds of the genera Fratercula and Lunda that are black and white with a brightly-coloured beak. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/pug__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pug
trans_list: mops
sense:
A small dog of an ancient breed originating in China, having a snub nose, wrinkled face, squarish body, short smooth hair, and curled tail. [from the 18th c]


lexentry: eng/pull-up__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pull-up
trans_list: podciąganie się na drążku
sense:
An exercise done for strengthening the arms and back in which one lifts one's own weight while hanging from a bar. Palms may be facing in any direction.


lexentry: eng/pull__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pull
trans_list: ciągnąć | pociągnąć
sense:
(transitive, intransitive) To apply a force to (an object) so that it comes toward the person or thing applying the force.


lexentry: eng/pull_a_fast_one__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pull a fast one
trans_list: brać na bajer | wystrychnąć na dudka | wziąć na bajer
sense:
(idiomatic, often followed by on) To carry out a trick or deception; to behave contrary to expectations.


lexentry: eng/pull_a_sickie__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pull a sickie
trans_list: udawać chorego
sense:
(slang, UK, Australia, New Zealand) To skip work or school or avoid an obligation by pretending to be sick.


lexentry: eng/pull_oneself_together__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pull oneself together
trans_list: brać się w garść | wziąć się w garść
sense:
(idiomatic, reflexive) To become mentally focused after a period of being unfocused; to regain control of oneself


lexentry: eng/pull_out_of_one's_ass__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pull out of one's ass
trans_list: wyciągać z dupy | wyciągnąć z dupy
sense:
(idiomatic, vulgar, transitive) To fabricate (a factual-sounding claim) from no factual basis or evidence.


lexentry: eng/pull_over__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pull over
trans_list: aresztować
sense:
(transitive) To command or force someone to drive their vehicle to the side of the road or curb and come to a stop.


lexentry: eng/pull_someone's_leg__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pull someone's leg
trans_list: nabrać kogoś | wkręcać | wkręcić
sense:
(idiomatic) To tease someone; to lead someone on; to goad someone into overreacting. It usually implies teasing or goading by jokingly lying.


lexentry: eng/pull_strings__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pull strings
trans_list: pociągać za sznurki
sense:
(intransitive, idiomatic, often with “the” or a possessive adjective (such as “his”) before “strings”, pull one's strings) To control a person, organization, or situation by operating behind the scenes, as a puppeteer controls a marionette.


lexentry: eng/pulley__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pulley
trans_list: wielokrążek
sense:
(engineering, countable) One of the simple machines; a sheave, a wheel with a grooved rim, in which a pulled rope or chain lifts an object (more useful when two or more pulleys are used together, as in a block and tackle arrangement, such that a small force moving through a greater distance can exert a larger force through a smaller distance).


lexentry: eng/pullover__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pullover
trans_list: sweter | pulower
sense:
A sweater that must be put on by pulling it over the head; a sweater without buttons or a zipper in front.


lexentry: eng/pullover__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pullover
trans_list: przenoszenie sztangielki zza głowy
sense:
(weightlifting) An exercise performed lying on the back in which the arms are extended behind the head and exertion lifts the weight above the head.


lexentry: eng/pullover__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: pullover
trans_list: przenoszenie sztangielki zza głowy
sense:
(gymnastics, horizontal bar) An exercise in which the gymnast pulls up from a hang lifting the legs up and over the bar thus rolling into a support position.


lexentry: eng/pulmonary_alveolus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pulmonary alveolus
trans_list: pęcherzyki płucne
sense:
(anatomy) A small air sac in the lungs, where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged with the blood.


lexentry: eng/pulmonary_embolism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pulmonary embolism
trans_list: zatorowość płucna
sense:
(pathology) The embolism or obstruction of a pulmonary artery, usually by a detached blood clot from a leg or pelvic vein, which causes a stoppage of blood into the lungs; symptoms include shortness of breath, chest pain, fainting, and sometimes death.


lexentry: eng/pulmonary_emphysema__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pulmonary emphysema
trans_list: rozedma
sense:
A chronic lung disease characterised by an abnormal increase in the size of the air spaces, resulting in laboured breathing and caused by exposure to toxic chemicals, most commonly tobacco smoke.


lexentry: eng/pulmonary_tuberculosis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pulmonary tuberculosis
trans_list: gruźlica
sense:
(pathology) The most common form of active tuberculosis (TB) infecting the lungs, generally caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis.


lexentry: eng/pulpit__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pulpit
trans_list: ambona | kazalnica
sense:
A raised platform in a church, usually enclosed, where the minister or preacher stands when giving the sermon.


lexentry: eng/pulse__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pulse
trans_list: puls | tętno
sense:
A normally regular beat felt when arteries near the skin (for example, at the neck or wrist) are depressed, caused by the heart pumping blood through them.


lexentry: eng/pulse__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: pulse
trans_list: puls | tętno
sense:
(figuratively) The focus of energy or vigour of an activity, place, or thing; also, the feeling of bustle, busyness, or energy in a place; the heartbeat.


lexentry: eng/pulse_oximetry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pulse oximetry
trans_list: pulsoksymetria
sense:
(medicine) A noninvasive method allowing the monitoring of the oxygenation of a patient's hemoglobin, using a sensor placed on a thin part of the patient's anatomy, usually a fingertip or earlobe.


lexentry: eng/pumice__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pumice
trans_list: pumeks
sense:
A light, porous type of pyroclastic igneous rock, formed during explosive volcanic eruptions when liquid lava is ejected into water or air as a froth containing masses of gas bubbles, which are frozen into the rock as the lava solidifies.


lexentry: eng/pumpkin_pie__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pumpkin pie
trans_list: tarta dyniowa
sense:
(cooking) A sweet pie made from the flesh of pumpkins and traditionally served as a dessert on Thanksgiving.


lexentry: eng/pun__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pun
trans_list: gra słów | kalambur
sense:
A joke or type of wordplay in which similar definitions or sounds of two words or phrases, or different definitions of the same word, are deliberately confused.


lexentry: eng/punch__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: punch
trans_list: dziurka | dziurkacz | otwór
sense:
(countable) A device, generally slender and round, used for creating holes in thin material, for driving an object through a hole in a containing object, or to stamp or emboss a mark or design on a surface.


lexentry: eng/punch_above_one's_weight__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: punch above one's weight
trans_list: wystąpić lepiej, niż się oczekiwało | występować lepiej, niż się oczekiwało
sense:
(idiomatic) To (attempt to) achieve or perform at a higher level than would be expected based on one's preparation, attributes, rank, or past accomplishments.


lexentry: eng/punch_card__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: punch card
trans_list: karta dziurkowana
sense:
A card that can have holes or notches cut in it, especially one for storing data, that can be sorted according to combinations of holes present or absent.


lexentry: eng/punch_line__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: punch line
trans_list: pointa | puenta
sense:
The final part of a joke; the word, sentence, or exchange of sentences that is intended to be funny and provokes laughter from the listeners.


lexentry: eng/punch_line__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: punch line
trans_list: pointa | puenta
sense:
(by extension) A final, concluding statement that an explanation has been leading up to; a conclusion.


lexentry: eng/punching_bag__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: punching bag
trans_list: worek do bica
sense:
A tough bag, usually cylindrical, filled with air, sand, or other material, often suspended so that it swings freely, which is punched or kicked when practising sports such as boxing or martial arts.


lexentry: eng/punctuation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: punctuation
trans_list: interpunkcja | przestankowanie
sense:
A set of symbols and marks which are used to clarify meaning in text by separating strings of words into clauses, phrases and sentences; examples include commas, hyphens, and stops (periods).


lexentry: eng/punctuation_mark__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: punctuation mark
trans_list: znak interpunkcyjny
sense:
Any of various symbols used in writing and printing to indicate pauses, divisions, etc. and to aid the reader in understanding what is written.


lexentry: eng/pundit__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pundit
trans_list: ekspert
sense:
An expert in a particular field, especially as called upon to provide comment or opinion in the media; a commentator, a critic. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/pundit__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pundit
trans_list: pontyfik
sense:
A learned person in India; someone with knowledge of Sanskrit, philosophy, religion and law; a Hindu scholar. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/pungent__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pungent
trans_list: gryzący
sense:
Having a strong taste that stings the tongue; said especially of hot (spicy) food, which has a strong and sharp or bitter taste.


lexentry: eng/punnet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: punnet
trans_list: łubianka
sense:
(UK, Australia, New Zealand) A small basket or receptacle for collecting and selling fruit, particularly strawberries.


lexentry: eng/pupil__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pupil
trans_list: źrenica
sense:
(anatomy) The hole in the middle of the iris of the eye, through which light passes to be focused on the retina.


lexentry: eng/puppet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: puppet
trans_list: lalka
sense:
Any small model of a person or animal able to be moved by strings or rods, or in the form of a glove.


lexentry: eng/puppet_show__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: puppet show
trans_list: teatrzyk
sense:
A show, theatrical performance, in which the parts are played by puppets impersonating human or other characters


lexentry: eng/purchase__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: purchase
trans_list: zakup
sense:
The acquisition of title to, or property in, anything for a price; buying for money or its equivalent.


lexentry: eng/purchase_order__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: purchase order
trans_list: zamówienie
sense:
(business) A commercial document issued by a buyer to a seller, indicating the type, quantities and agreed prices for products or services the seller will provide to the buyer.


lexentry: eng/purchase_price__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: purchase price
trans_list: cena zakupu
sense:
(management, accounting) The price at which something is actually purchased, especially from the point of view of the purchaser.


lexentry: eng/purchasing_power_parity__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: purchasing power parity
trans_list: parytet siły nabywczej
sense:
(economics) A theory of long-term equilibrium exchange rates based on relative price levels of two countries.


lexentry: eng/purine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: purine
trans_list: puryna
sense:
(organic compound) Any of a class of organic heterocyclic compounds, composed of fused pyrimidine and imidazole rings, that constitute one of the two groups of organic nitrogenous bases (the other being the pyrimidines) and are components of nucleic acids.


lexentry: eng/puritan__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: puritan
trans_list: purytanin
sense:
(often, disapproving) Acting or behaving according to the Puritan morals (e.g. propagating modesty), especially with regard to pleasure, nudity and sex.


lexentry: eng/puritanical__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: puritanical
trans_list: ascetyczny
sense:
Precise in observance of legal or religious requirements; strict; overscrupulous; rigid (often used by way of reproach or contempt).


lexentry: eng/purl__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: purl
trans_list: reszka
sense:
A particular stitch in knitting; an inversion of stitches giving the work a ribbed or waved appearance.


lexentry: eng/purloin__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: purloin
trans_list: kraść
sense:
(transitive, usually, formal, or, humorous) To take the property of another, often in breach of trust; to appropriate wrongfully; to steal.


lexentry: eng/purple__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: purple
trans_list: purpurowy | fioletowy
sense:
(US politics) Not predominantly red or blue, but having a mixture of Democrat and Republican support.


lexentry: eng/purple__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: purple
trans_list: fiolet | purpurowy
sense:
(colour theory) Any non-spectral colour on the line of purples on a colour chromaticity diagram or a colour wheel between violet and red.


lexentry: eng/purple_heron__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: purple heron
trans_list: czapla purpurowa
sense:
A wading bird, Ardea purpurea, having reddish-brown plumage and found throughout southern Europe and Asia.


lexentry: eng/purple_swamphen__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: purple swamphen
trans_list: modrzyk
sense:
Various species in the Porphyrio genus of the Rallidae family, including Porphyrio porphyrio, Porphyrio madagascariensis, Porphyrio poliocephalus, Porphyrio indicus, Porphyrio pulverulentus, and Porphyrio melanotus.


lexentry: eng/purpura__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: purpura
trans_list: plamica | purpura
sense:
(pathology) The appearance of red or purple discolorations on the skin that do not blanch when pressure is applied, caused by subdermal bleeding.


lexentry: eng/purser__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: purser
trans_list: ochmistrz
sense:
The person responsible for handling the accounts on a ship, or for dealing with the passengers on a ship or aircraft.


lexentry: eng/pursue__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pursue
trans_list: ścigać
sense:
(ambitransitive) To follow urgently, originally with intent to capture or harm; to chase. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/pus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pus
trans_list: ropa
sense:
A whitish-yellow or yellow substance composed primarily of dead white blood cells and dead pyogenic bacteria; normally found in regions of bacterial infection.


lexentry: eng/push-up__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: push-up
trans_list: pompka | pompek
sense:
An exercise done to improve upper body strength, performed by resting on one's toes and hands and pushing one's weight off the floor.


lexentry: eng/push__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: push
trans_list: pchać | pchnąć | popchnąć
sense:
(transitive, intransitive) To apply a force to (an object) such that it moves away from the person or thing applying the force.


lexentry: eng/push_the_envelope__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: push the envelope
trans_list: jechać po bandzie
sense:
(intransitive, idiomatic, originally, aeronautics) To go beyond established limits; to pioneer. [from mid 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/pushdown_automaton__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pushdown automaton
trans_list: automat ze stosem
sense:
(computing theory) An automaton with finitely many states that can also use one unbounded stack of memory; the automaton may only push, pop, or read the top of the stack. Abbreviation: PDA.


lexentry: eng/pussy_magnet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pussy magnet
trans_list: coś przyciągającego kobiety
sense:
(slang, often, offensive) Something that attracts or is hoped to attract women, such as a fancy car, or a guitar which one can play.


lexentry: eng/pussywhipped__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pussywhipped
trans_list: pod pantoflem
sense:
(slang, vulgar, of a man) Submissive to or dominated by one's wife or other female partner, frequently with the connotation that this submissive behavior is for the prospect of sex.


lexentry: eng/put_aside__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: put aside
trans_list: abstrahować
sense:
(transitive) To ignore or intentionally disregard (something), temporarily or permanently, so that more important things can occupy one's attention.


lexentry: eng/put_lipstick_on_a_pig__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: put lipstick on a pig
trans_list: czynić coś brzydkiego pozornie pięknym | uczynić coś brzydkiego pozornie pięknym
sense:
(idiomatic) To superficially alter something in the hope of making it seem more appealing than it is in actuality.


lexentry: eng/put_one's_cards_on_the_table__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: put one's cards on the table
trans_list: wykładać karty na stół | wyłożyć karty na stół
sense:
(idiomatic) To reveal one's true intentions, beliefs, feelings, or other previously concealed facts about one's situation; to speak frankly.


lexentry: eng/put_one's_foot_in_one's_mouth__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: put one's foot in one's mouth
trans_list: strzelać gafę | strzelić gafę
sense:
(idiomatic) To misspeak; to say something embarrassing or wrong, or to make a mistake in public, or a social blunder, that is embarrassing or offensive.


lexentry: eng/put_one's_house_in_order__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: put one's house in order
trans_list: robić porządki | zrobić porządki
sense:
(literal) To clean and arrange in an orderly manner the furnishings and other contents of one's house.


lexentry: eng/put_one's_house_in_order__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: put one's house in order
trans_list: doprowadzać sprawy do ładu | doprowadzić sprawy do ładu
sense:
(idiomatic) To organize one's financial and other affairs, especially in preparation for a life-changing event.


lexentry: eng/put_oneself_in_someone's_shoes__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: put oneself in someone's shoes
trans_list: postawić się na czyimś miejscu | znaleźć się w czyjejś skórze
sense:
(figuratively) To try to look at a situation from a different point of view; as if one were the other person; to empathise.


lexentry: eng/put_option__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: put option
trans_list: opcja sprzedaży
sense:
(finance) An option to sell a stated quantity of an asset or financial product, such as stock, at a stated price (the strike price), on a stated future date (or range of dates).


lexentry: eng/put_the_cart_before_the_horse__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: put the cart before the horse
trans_list: postawić na głowie | stawiać na głowie coś
sense:
(idiomatic) To put things in the wrong order or with the wrong priorities; to put something inconsequential as more important than something more essential.


lexentry: eng/put_the_make_on__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: put the make on
trans_list: podrywać
sense:
(informal, transitive) To pursue with romantic interest, especially in an aggressive, sexually suggestive manner.


lexentry: eng/put_to_the_test__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: put to the test
trans_list: analiza
sense:
(idiomatic) To test something or someone; to evaluate, scrutinize or explore by testing or experimentation.


lexentry: eng/put_words_in_someone's_mouth__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: put words in someone's mouth
trans_list: wkładać w usta | włożyć w usta
sense:
(idiomatic) To say or imply that someone has made a statement or remark which they did not precisely or directly make.


lexentry: eng/putative__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: putative
trans_list: domniemany | przypuszczalny
sense:
(derogatory) Commonly believed or deemed to be the case; accepted by supposition rather than as a result of proof.


lexentry: eng/putrefaction__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: putrefaction
trans_list: dekompozycja
sense:
The act of causing to rot; the anaerobic splitting of proteins by bacteria and fungi with the formation of malodorous, incompletely oxidized products.


lexentry: eng/putty_knife__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: putty knife
trans_list: szpachla
sense:
A similar tool with a wide, flat blade used by painters, plasterers, and carpenters to spread putty to fill holes and cracks.


lexentry: eng/puukko__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: puukko
trans_list: finka
sense:
A type of sharp, pointed knife of Nordic heritage, with a short blade and flat back; normally worn in a sheath on the waist, and used for woodcrafts and as hunting knife.


lexentry: eng/pyaemia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pyaemia
trans_list: ropnica
sense:
(pathology) A type of septicemia caused usually by the presence of Staphylococcus bacteria in the bloodstream; characterised by metastatic abscesses and other symptoms associated with septicemia.


lexentry: eng/pygmy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pygmy
trans_list: Pigmej
sense:
(often, _, capitalized) A member of one of various Ancient Equatorial African tribal peoples, notable for their very short stature.


lexentry: eng/pygmy_hippopotamus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pygmy hippopotamus
trans_list: hipopotam karłowaty
sense:
A large four-toed, four-legged mammal native to western Africa (Hexaprotodon liberiensis, syn. Choeropsis liberiensis), similar to but half the height of the common hippopotamus.


lexentry: eng/pylon__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: pylon
trans_list: słup wysokiego napięcia
sense:
(electricity) A tower-like structure, usually one of a series, used to support high-voltage electricity cables.


lexentry: eng/pylorus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pylorus
trans_list: odźwiernik
sense:
(anatomy, biology) In vertebrates, including humans, a zone at the lower end of the stomach that leads to and opens into the duodenum.


lexentry: eng/pyramid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pyramid
trans_list: piramida | ostrosłup
sense:
An ancient massive construction with a square or rectangular base and four triangular sides meeting in an apex, such as those built as tombs in Egypt or as bases for temples in Mesoamerica.


lexentry: eng/pyramid__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: pyramid
trans_list: piramida | ostrosłup
sense:
(geometry) A solid with triangular lateral faces and a polygonal (often square or rectangular) base.


lexentry: eng/pyramid_scheme__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pyramid scheme
trans_list: piramida finansowa
sense:
An illicit money-making investment scheme whereby early investors are paid primarily or wholly by later investors. Eventually all such schemes fail to the detriment of recent (later) investors.


lexentry: eng/pyrargyrite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pyrargyrite
trans_list: pirargyryt
sense:
(mineral) A sulfosalt mineral used as a silver ore; it is dark red or black in color with a metallic adamantine luster, a sulfide of antimony and silver, Ag3SbS3, and occurs in rhombohedral crystals.


lexentry: eng/pyridine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pyridine
trans_list: pirydyna
sense:
(organic compound) Any of a class of aromatic heterocyclic compounds containing a ring of five carbon atoms and an nitrogen atom; especially the simplest one, C5H5N.


lexentry: eng/pyridoxine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pyridoxine
trans_list: adermina | pirydoksyna
sense:
(vitamin) A derivative of pyridine, 4,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpyridin-3-ol, found in fish, liver, cereals and yeast, and essential for the metabolism of amino acids and starch.


lexentry: eng/pyrite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pyrite
trans_list: piryt
sense:
(mineral) The common mineral iron disulfide (FeS2), of a pale brass-yellow color and brilliant metallic luster, crystallizing in the isometric system.


lexentry: eng/pyrochlore__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pyrochlore
trans_list: pirochlor
sense:
(mineral) A mineral whose composition is that of a mixed niobate mostly of sodium, calcium and cerium, (Na,Ca)2Nb2O6(OH,F).


lexentry: eng/pyroclastic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pyroclastic
trans_list: piroklastyczny
sense:
(vulcanology) Mostly composed of rock fragments of volcanic origin or comminuted during an eruption.


lexentry: eng/pyroclastic_flow__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pyroclastic flow
trans_list: lawina piroklastyczna
sense:
(volcanology) A dense flow of volcanic ash, dust, rocks and debris that cascades at high speed down the slope of a volcano during an eruption.


lexentry: eng/pyrogenic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pyrogenic
trans_list: pirogeniczny | pirogenny
sense:
(pathology, chemistry) generating or produced by heat, especially in the body; causing or caused by fever


lexentry: eng/pyrography__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pyrography
trans_list: pirografia
sense:
The freehanded art of decorating wood, leather or other materials with burn marks (resulting in surface burned designs) from the controlled application of a heated object or tool such as a poker.


lexentry: eng/pyroligneous_acid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pyroligneous acid
trans_list: ocet drzewny
sense:
(chemistry) A dark liquid, produced by the destructive distillation of wood, containing acetic acid, methanol, oils and tars; once used as a commercial source of acetic acid.


lexentry: eng/pyrolysis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pyrolysis
trans_list: piroliza
sense:
(chemistry, physics) The decomposition of a material or compound due to heat, in the absence of oxygen or other reagents.


lexentry: eng/pyromania__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pyromania
trans_list: piromania
sense:
(psychology) A compulsive disorder characterized by obsession with fire or uncontrollable urges to start fires.


lexentry: eng/pyrope__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pyrope
trans_list: pirop
sense:
(mineral) A variety of garnet, of a poppy or blood-red color, frequently with a tinge of orange. It is used as a gemstone.


lexentry: eng/pyroxene__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pyroxene
trans_list: piroksen
sense:
(mineral) Any of a group of crystalline minerals containing silicates of iron, magnesium and calcium.


lexentry: eng/pyroxenite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pyroxenite
trans_list: piroksenit
sense:
(geology) A heavy, dark igneous rock consisting mostly of pyroxene minerals with smaller amounts of olivine and hornblende.


lexentry: eng/pyrrole__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pyrrole
trans_list: pirol
sense:
(organic compound) Any of a class of aromatic heterocyclic compounds containing a ring of four carbon atoms and a nitrogen atom; especially the simplest one, C4H5N. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/pyx__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: pyx
trans_list: puszka
sense:
(Roman Catholicism, also, figurative) A small, usually round container used to hold the host, especially when bringing communion to the sick or others unable to attend Mass.


lexentry: eng/qanun__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: qanun
trans_list: prawo
sense:
(musical instrument) A Near Eastern and Caucasian musical instrument related to the zither, dulcimer, or harp having either 26 strings and a single bridge, or 42 strings and two bridges.


lexentry: eng/quack__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quack
trans_list: konował | znachor
sense:
(pejorative) A fraudulent healer, especially a bombastic peddler in worthless treatments, a doctor who makes false diagnoses for monetary benefit, or an untrained or poorly trained doctor who uses fraudulent credentials to attract patients [from c. 1630]


lexentry: eng/quacksalver__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quacksalver
trans_list: szarlatan
sense:
(archaic) One falsely claiming to possess medical or other skills, especially one who dispenses potions, ointments, etc., supposedly having curative powers; a quack. [from c. 1570]


lexentry: eng/quad_bike__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quad bike
trans_list: quad
sense:
A small off-road four-wheeled powered vehicle, especially of a design derived from a motorcycle, usually used for recreation or farm work.


lexentry: eng/quadrature_amplitude_modulation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quadrature amplitude modulation
trans_list: kwadraturowa modulacja amplitudowo-fazowa | modulacja QAM
sense:
(radio) A modulation scheme that conveys data by applying amplitude modulation to two carrier waves at once. These two waves, usually sinusoids, are out of phase with each other by 90° and are thus called quadrature carriers. Commonly abbreviated QAM.


lexentry: eng/quadriga__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: quadriga
trans_list: kwadryga
sense:
(historical) A team of four horses, or sometimes other animals, especially as used in chariot racing.


lexentry: eng/quadrille__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quadrille
trans_list: kadryl
sense:
A dance originating in the mid-1700s with four couples forming a square, rather much like the modern square dance.


lexentry: eng/quadrillion__Numeral__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quadrillion
trans_list: biliard
sense:
(US, modern British and Australian, short scale) A thousand trillion (logic: 1,000 × 1,0004): 1 followed by fifteen zeros, 1015.


lexentry: eng/quadrillion__Numeral__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: quadrillion
trans_list: kwadrylion
sense:
(dated, UK, Australia, long scale) A million trillion (logic: 1,000,0004): 1 followed by twenty-four zeros, 1024.


lexentry: eng/quadrivium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quadrivium
trans_list: quadrivium | kwadrywium
sense:
(education, historical) The higher division of the seven liberal arts in the Middle Ages, composed of geometry, astronomy, arithmetic, and music.


lexentry: eng/quadruplet__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: quadruplet
trans_list: czworaczek
sense:
One of a group of four, particularly one of four babies born from the same mother during the same birth.


lexentry: eng/quaff__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quaff
trans_list: napić się
sense:
To drink or imbibe with vigour or relish; to drink copiously; to swallow in large draughts. [from mid-16th c.]


lexentry: eng/quagga__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quagga
trans_list: kwaga | kwagga
sense:
A southern-African subspecies of plains zebra, Equus quagga quagga, which went extinct in 1883. The upper parts of the animal were reddish brown, becoming paler behind and beneath, while the face, neck, and fore part of the body were marked by dark stripes.


lexentry: eng/quail__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quail
trans_list: przepiórka
sense:
Any of various small game birds of the genera Coturnix, Anurophasis or Perdicula in the Old World family Phasianidae or of the New World family Odontophoridae.


lexentry: eng/quaking_grass__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quaking grass
trans_list: drżączka
sense:
Any of the genus Briza of annual and perennial grasses, whose flowers and seedheads shake on their stalks in the slightest breeze.


lexentry: eng/qualification__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: qualification
trans_list: kwalifikacja
sense:
An ability or attribute that aids someone's chances of qualifying for something; specifically, completed professional training. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/qualifier__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: qualifier
trans_list: atrybut
sense:
(grammar) A word or phrase, such as an adjective or adverb, that describes or characterizes another word or phrase, such as a noun or verb; a modifier; that adds or subtracts attributes to another.


lexentry: eng/quality__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: quality
trans_list: jakość
sense:
(uncountable) The degree to which a man-made object or system is free from bugs and flaws, as opposed to scope of functions or quantity of items.


lexentry: eng/quality_control__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quality control
trans_list: kontrola jakości
sense:
A control, such as inspection or testing, introduced into an industrial or business process to ensure quality.


lexentry: eng/quandary__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: quandary
trans_list: niezdecydowanie
sense:
A state of not knowing what to decide; a state of difficulty or perplexity; a state of uncertainty, hesitation or puzzlement.


lexentry: eng/quantifier__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: quantifier
trans_list: kwantyfikator
sense:
(logic) An operator, such as the universal quantifier (written as ∀) or the existential quantifier (∃), used in predicate calculus to indicate the degree that predicate is true for a specified set.


lexentry: eng/quantify__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: quantify
trans_list: określać ilościowo | określić ilościowo
sense:
(logic) To relate a statement (called a predicate) to a given set using a quantifier—either for all (denoted ∀) or there exists (denoted ∃).


