# translation

lexentry: eng/black_letter__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: black letter
trans_list: gotyk
sense:
(typography) A Northern European style of type, with contrasting thick-and-thin, angular strokes forming upright letterforms, and usually set with a dark typographic colour on the page.


lexentry: eng/black_locust__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: black locust
trans_list: robinia
sense:
A tree, Robinia pseudoacacia, in the subfamily Faboideae of the pea family Fabaceae, native to the southeastern United States, but widely planted and naturalized elsewhere in temperate North America, Europe and Asia; considered an invasive species in some areas.


lexentry: eng/black_magic__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: black magic
trans_list: czarna magia
sense:
Magic derived from evil forces, as distinct from good or benign forces; or magic performed with the intention of doing harm.


lexentry: eng/black_pepper__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: black pepper
trans_list: pieprz | czarny pieprz
sense:
The dried, unripe berries (peppercorns) of the Piper nigrum plant which are commonly used as a spice and seasoning. They are either used whole, or in a ground or crushed form.


lexentry: eng/black_pudding__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: black pudding
trans_list: kaszanka
sense:
A blood sausage made from pork blood, a high proportion of cereal (oats or barley), and spices; eaten at breakfast and combined in starters and salads.


lexentry: eng/black_rat__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: black rat
trans_list: szczur śniady
sense:
A common species of rat, Rattus rattus, originating anciently in Asia but now distributed worldwide.


lexentry: eng/black_rice__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: black rice
trans_list: ryż czarny
sense:
A type of rice of the species Oryza sativa L. which is black or dark purple in colour and often glutinous.


lexentry: eng/black_salsify__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: black salsify
trans_list: wężymord czarny korzeń | skorzonera | wężymord
sense:
A perennial member of the sunflower family (Asteraceae), cultivated as a root vegetable (Pseudopodospermum hispanicum, syn. Scorzonera hispanica).


lexentry: eng/black_smoker__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: black smoker
trans_list: czarny komin
sense:
(geology, oceanography) A kind of hydrothermal vent found on the seabed, emitting clouds of black material.


lexentry: eng/black_swan__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: black swan
trans_list: łabędź czarny
sense:
Cygnus atratus, a swan with black plumage and a red bill which is endemic to Australia. [from c. 1700]


lexentry: eng/black_tea__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: black tea
trans_list: czarna herbata
sense:
Tea leaves which have been "fermented" (actually, oxidized) before drying to enhance their flavour (cf. green tea).


lexentry: eng/blackamoor__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blackamoor
trans_list: maur
sense:
(archaic, old, _, heraldry, often, offensive, ethnic slur) A person with dark black skin, especially one from north Africa.


lexentry: eng/blackbird__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blackbird
trans_list: kos | kos zwyczajny
sense:
A common true thrush, Turdus merula, found in woods and gardens over much of Eurasia, and introduced elsewhere.


lexentry: eng/blackboard__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blackboard
trans_list: tablica
sense:
A large flat surface, finished with black slate or a similar material, that can be written upon with chalk and subsequently erased; a chalkboard.


lexentry: eng/blackbody__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blackbody
trans_list: ciało doskonale czarne
sense:
(physics) a theoretical body, approximated by a hole in a hollow black sphere, that absorbs all incident electromagnetic radiation and reflects none; it has a characteristic emission spectrum


lexentry: eng/blackhead__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blackhead
trans_list: wągier
sense:
(countable, medicine) A comedo, a skin blemish, a type of acne vulgaris, where a pore becomes clogged with a dark, hard, cheesy keratin-filled substance forming a hard black "head" on the skin's surface.


lexentry: eng/blackjack__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blackjack
trans_list: blackjack
sense:
(card games) A common gambling card game in casinos, where the object is to get as close to 21 without going over.


lexentry: eng/blackleg__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: blackleg
trans_list: szuler
sense:
(countable) A person who cheats in a game; a cheater, especially a dishonest bookmaker. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/blacklist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blacklist
trans_list: czarna lista | wilczy bilet
sense:
(legal, computing) A list or set of people or entities to be shunned or banned, disallowed or blocked.


lexentry: eng/blackshirt__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blackshirt
trans_list: czarna koszula
sense:
(historical, chiefly, in the plural) A uniformed member of a paramilitary wing of the Italian Fascist Party.


lexentry: eng/blackthorn__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blackthorn
trans_list: tarnina | śliwa tarnina | tarka | tarń
sense:
A large shrub or small tree, Prunus spinosa, that is native to Europe, western Asia, and north Africa. It has a dark bark and bears thorns.


lexentry: eng/blacktop__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blacktop
trans_list: bitum
sense:
(US, uncountable) Asphalt concrete or similar bituminous black paving material used for the surface of roads (e.g., tarmacadam, tarmac). [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/bladder_cherry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bladder cherry
trans_list: miechunka rozdęta
sense:
A plant, Alkekengi officinarum (syn. Physalis alkekengi), having a bright paper-like covering over its fruit, native to southern Europe.


lexentry: eng/bladdernut__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bladdernut
trans_list: kłokoczka
sense:
Any of several species of large shrubs or small trees, of the genus Staphylea, in the family Staphyleaceae


lexentry: eng/bladderpod__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bladderpod
trans_list: lobelia rozdęta
sense:
Any of various flowering plants, including Cleome isomeris (= Isomeris arborea), Peritoma arborea, Lobelia inflata, and species of Physaria (= Lesquerella) and Paysonia.


lexentry: eng/bladderwort__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bladderwort
trans_list: pływacz
sense:
Any of many aquatic carnivorous plants, of the genus Utricularia, that have open bladders that trap minute insects and crustaceans.


lexentry: eng/blade__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: blade
trans_list: końcówka | pióro | płoza | łopata | łopatka
sense:
The flat functional end or piece of a propeller, oar, hockey stick, chisel, screwdriver, skate, etc.


lexentry: eng/blade__Noun__1
sense_num: 17
written_rep: blade
trans_list: skrzydło | łopata | łopatka | źdźbło
sense:
(biology) The four large shell plates on the sides, and the five large ones of the middle, of the carapace of the sea turtle, which yield the best tortoise shell.


lexentry: eng/blade__Noun__1
sense_num: 20
written_rep: blade
trans_list: ostrze | końcówka | pióro | płoza | łopata | łopatka
sense:
(mathematics) An exterior product of vectors. (The product may have more than two factors. Also, a scalar counts as a 0-blade, a vector as a 1-blade; an exterior product of k vectors may be called a k-blade.)


lexentry: eng/blame__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: blame
trans_list: wina
sense:
(computing) A source control feature that can show which user was responsible for a particular portion of the source code.


lexentry: eng/blame__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: blame
trans_list: obwiniać | obwinić | winić
sense:
(transitive, usually followed by "for") To assert or consider that someone is the cause of something negative; to place blame, to attribute responsibility (for something negative or for doing something negative).


lexentry: eng/blank_verse__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blank verse
trans_list: wiersz biały
sense:
(poetry) A poetic form with regular meter, particularly iambic pentameter, but no fixed rhyme scheme.


lexentry: eng/blanket__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blanket
trans_list: koc
sense:
A heavy, loosely woven fabric, usually large and woollen, used for warmth while sleeping or resting.


lexentry: eng/blasphemy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blasphemy
trans_list: bluźnierstwo | blasfemia | profanacja | świętokradztwo
sense:
An act of irreverence or contempt toward a god or toward something considered sacred; an impious act, utterance, view, etc.


lexentry: eng/blast_furnace__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: blast furnace
trans_list: wielki piec
sense:
(metallurgy) As above, but specifically such a furnace where the fuel and the ore are intermixed, as for example when coke and iron ore are burned together.


lexentry: eng/blastema__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blastema
trans_list: blastema
sense:
(physiology) A clump of undifferentiated cells or blasts, from which an organ or body part will develop, either during the normal growth of an embryo or in the regeneration of a lost body part.


lexentry: eng/blastula__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blastula
trans_list: blastula
sense:
(embryology) An early form in the development of an embryo, consisting of a spherical layer of cells filled with fluid; a blastosphere.


lexentry: eng/blat__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blat
trans_list: blat
sense:
The Soviet system of connections and social relationships; one's social or business network (in Russian or Soviet society).


lexentry: eng/blazar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blazar
trans_list: blazar
sense:
(galaxy) A very compact quasar, associated with a supermassive black hole at the center of an active galaxy.


lexentry: eng/bleach__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bleach
trans_list: wybielacz
sense:
(uncountable) A chemical, such as sodium hypochlorite or hydrogen peroxide, or a preparation of such a chemical, used for disinfecting or whitening.


lexentry: eng/bleach__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bleach
trans_list: bielić | wybielić
sense:
(transitive) To treat with bleach, especially so as to whiten (fabric, paper, etc.) or lighten (hair).


lexentry: eng/bleacher__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bleacher
trans_list: trybuna
sense:
(US, usually, in the plural) A stand of tiered planks used as seating for spectators, often outdoors.


lexentry: eng/bleed__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: bleed
trans_list: krawędź
sense:
(printing) A narrow edge around a page layout, to be printed but cut off afterwards (added to allow for slight misalignment, especially with pictures that should run to the edge of the finished sheet).


lexentry: eng/bleed__Verb__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: bleed
trans_list: rozprzestrzeniać się
sense:
(intransitive, of an ink or dye) To spread from the intended location and stain the surrounding cloth or paper.


lexentry: eng/bleed__Verb__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: bleed
trans_list: stukać | stuknąć
sense:
(transitive) To tap off high-pressure gas (usually air) from a system that produces high-pressure gas primarily for another purpose.


lexentry: eng/bleeder__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bleeder
trans_list: hemofilik
sense:
A person who is easily made to bleed, or who bleeds in unusually large amounts, particularly a hemophiliac.


lexentry: eng/blender__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blender
trans_list: blender | mikser
sense:
A machine with sharp rotating blades in a bowl, for mashing, crushing, or liquefying food ingredients.


lexentry: eng/blepharospasm__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blepharospasm
trans_list: blefarospazm
sense:
(medicine) A physiological condition characterized by recurring involuntary twitches or closing of the eyelids.


lexentry: eng/blessed__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: blessed
trans_list: błogosławiony
sense:
(Roman Catholicism) A title indicating the beatification of a person, thus allowing public veneration of those who have lived in sanctity or died as martyrs.


lexentry: eng/blessed_thistle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blessed thistle
trans_list: drapacz
sense:
Centaurea benedicta (formerly usually called Cnicus benedictus), a thistle-like plant native to the Mediterranean.


lexentry: eng/blight__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: blight
trans_list: zgnilizna
sense:
(pathology, dated) A diseased condition of the face or skin; specifically, bleeding under the conjunctiva of the eye, a form of skin rash, or a palsy of the face due to cold.


lexentry: eng/blighter__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: blighter
trans_list: gagatek | ziółko
sense:
(British, Irish, Commonwealth, often, disrespectful) A person, usually male, especially one who behaves in an objectionable or pitiable manner.


lexentry: eng/blimey__Interjection__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blimey
trans_list: szczupły
sense:
(Australia, Britain, New Zealand, Ireland) Used to express anger, excitement, surprise, etc. [From late 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/blind__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blind
trans_list: zasłona
sense:
A movable covering for a window to keep out light, made of cloth or of narrow slats that can block light or allow it to pass.


lexentry: eng/blind_carbon_copy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blind carbon copy
trans_list: kopia ukryta | ukryta kopia | ukryte do wiadomości
sense:
(Internet) A copy of an email message that is sent to a person (often one of many) other than the primary recipient without the express knowledge of the other recipients.


lexentry: eng/blind_drunk__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
sense: So intoxicated as to appear to have difficulty seeing.
written_rep: blind drunk
trans_list:
nawalony jak Messerschmitt | pijany jak bela | pijany jak szewc | pijany jak świnia | pijany w sztok | urżnięty


lexentry: eng/blind_leading_the_blind__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blind leading the blind
trans_list: ślepiec prowadzi ślepca
sense:
(idiomatic) A situation in which an unqualified person is attempting to guide, advise, or train others.


lexentry: eng/blind_spot__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blind spot
trans_list: plamka ślepa | plamka Mariotte'a
sense:
The place where the optic nerve attaches to the retina, and so where the retina cannot detect light.


lexentry: eng/blind_spot__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: blind spot
trans_list: martwe pole
sense:
(rail transport) The part of the railway/tramway track that cannot be seen in the side mirror or the side window.


lexentry: eng/blindage__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blindage
trans_list: blindaż
sense:
(military) A cover or protection for an advanced trench or approach, formed of fascines and earth supported by a framework.


lexentry: eng/blini__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blini
trans_list: blin
sense:
A small pancake, of Russian origin, made from buckwheat flour; traditionally served with melted butter, sour cream and caviar or smoked salmon.


lexentry: eng/blinker__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: blinker
trans_list: klapka
sense:
Chiefly in the plural: a shield attached to the bridle of a horse or other domesticated animal to prevent it from seeing things behind it and to its side.


lexentry: eng/blinkers__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blinkers
trans_list: klapki na oczach
sense:
A pair of leather or rubber eye cups attached to a horse hood in order to impede the rear vision of racehorses and harness horses; blinders in (USA).


lexentry: eng/blip__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blip
trans_list: kropka
sense:
(electronics) A small dot registered on electronic equipment, such as a radar or oscilloscope screen.


lexentry: eng/blister__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blister
trans_list: pęcherz | bąbel | pęcherzyk
sense:
A small bubble between the layers of the skin that contains watery or bloody fluid and is caused by friction and pressure, burning, freezing, chemical irritation, disease, or infection.


lexentry: eng/blister_pack__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blister pack
trans_list: blister
sense:
One of several types of pre-formed plastic packaging, used for consumer goods and pharmaceuticals, consisting of a cavity and lidding.


lexentry: eng/blitzkrieg__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blitzkrieg
trans_list: blitzkrieg | wojna błyskawiczna
sense:
A fast military offensive, typically involving a large and highly mobile tank force with air support.


lexentry: eng/blizzard__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blizzard
trans_list: zamieć | zadymka | śnieżyca
sense:
A large snowstorm accompanied by strong winds and greatly reduced visibility caused by blowing snow.


lexentry: eng/blob__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blob
trans_list: amorficzny
sense:
A shapeless or amorphous mass; a vague shape or amount, especially of a liquid or semisolid substance; a clump, group or collection that lacks definite shape.


lexentry: eng/bloc__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bloc
trans_list: blok
sense:
A group of countries acting together for political or economic goals, an alliance: e.g., the eastern bloc, the western bloc, a trading bloc, the Eurozone, the European Union.


lexentry: eng/block__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: block
trans_list: bloczydło | blok
sense:
(cellular automata) In Conway's Game of Life, a still life consisting of four living cells arranged in a two-by-two square.


lexentry: eng/block__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: block
trans_list: blok
sense:
(philately) A joined group of four (or in some cases nine) postage stamps, forming a roughly square shape.


lexentry: eng/block__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: block
trans_list: blok
sense:
(volleyball) A defensive play by one or more players meant to deflect a spiked ball back to the hitter’s court.


lexentry: eng/block__Verb__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: block
trans_list: blokować | zablokować | zablokowywać
sense:
(transitive, theater) To specify the positions and movements of the actors for (a section of a play or film).


lexentry: eng/block_and_tackle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: block and tackle
trans_list: wielokrążek
sense:
A system in which a rope, cable, or chain (the tackle) is passed over pulleys enclosed in two (or rarely more) blocks, one fixed and one attached to a load, which is used to gain mechanical advantage to lift or pull heavy loads.


lexentry: eng/blockade__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blockade
trans_list: blokada
sense:
The physical blocking or surrounding of a place, especially a port, in order to prevent commerce and traffic in or out.


lexentry: eng/blockade__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: blockade
trans_list: blokada
sense:
(by extension) Any form of formal isolation or inhibition of something, especially with the force of law or arms.


lexentry: eng/blockbuster__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: blockbuster
trans_list: blockbuster | hit
sense:
(informal) Something, such as a film or book, that sustains exceptional and widespread popularity and achieves enormous sales, as opposed to a box office bomb.


lexentry: eng/blockchain__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blockchain
trans_list: łańcuch bloków
sense:
A shared record of past transactions in a distributed network, typically used for cryptocurrency. [from 2010s]


lexentry: eng/blog__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blog
trans_list: blog
sense:
(Internet) A website that allows users to reflect, share opinions, and discuss various topics in the form of an online journal, sometimes letting readers comment on their posts. Most blogs are written in a slightly informal tone (personal journals, news, businesses, etc.)


lexentry: eng/blogosphere__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blogosphere
trans_list: blogosfera
sense:
(Internet) The totality of blogs, especially the unique jargons, cultures and shared interests created by their interconnection. [1999]


lexentry: eng/bloke__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: bloke
trans_list: facet | koleś
sense:
(Britain, Ireland, Australia, New Zealand, informal) A fellow, a man; especially an ordinary man, a man on the street. [From 1847]


lexentry: eng/blood-brain_barrier__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blood-brain barrier
trans_list: bariera krew-mózg
sense:
(anatomy) A structure in the central nervous system (CNS) that keeps various substances found in the bloodstream out of the brain while allowing in the substances essential to metabolic function, e.g. oxygen.


lexentry: eng/blood__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blood
trans_list: krew | farba | jucha | posoka
sense:
A vital liquid flowing in the bodies of many types of animals that usually conveys nutrients and oxygen. In vertebrates, it is colored red by hemoglobin, is conveyed by arteries and veins, is pumped by the heart and is usually generated in bone marrow.


lexentry: eng/blood__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: blood
trans_list: krew
sense:
A family relationship due to birth, such as that between siblings; contrasted with relationships due to marriage or adoption. (See blood relative, blood relation.)


lexentry: eng/blood_cell__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blood cell
trans_list: krwinka
sense:
(hematology, cytology) Any of the cells normally found in blood, namely erythrocytes and leukocytes, sometimes including the platelets.


lexentry: eng/blood_clot__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blood clot
trans_list: zakrzep | skrzeplina
sense:
(hematology, pathology) A clot formed from platelets and other elements; that forms in a blood vessel in a living organism, and causes thrombosis or obstruction of the vessel at its point of formation or travel to other areas of the body.


lexentry: eng/blood_drive__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blood drive
trans_list: akcja krwiodawstwa
sense:
An activity, usually charitable, in which persons are requested to donate blood, either to maintain a general supply or in response to a specific shortage or emergency.


lexentry: eng/blood_is_thicker_than_water__Proverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blood is thicker than water
trans_list: krew nie woda
sense:
(family, idiomatic) Family relations and loyalties are stronger than relationships with people who are not family members.


lexentry: eng/blood_plasma__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blood plasma
trans_list: osocze | osocze krwi
sense:
(hematology) The clear fluid portion of blood in which the red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets are suspended; forms serum upon clotting.


lexentry: eng/blood_pressure__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blood pressure
trans_list: ciśnienie krwi | ciśnienie tętnicze
sense:
The pressure exerted by the blood against the walls of the arteries and veins; it varies during the heartbeat cycle, and according to a person's age, health and physical condition.


lexentry: eng/blood_test__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blood test
trans_list: badanie krwi
sense:
A serologic analysis of a sample of blood; a test in which blood is removed from a subject and analyzed to determine the presence or levels of any of a variety of substances which indicate whether the subject has health problems.


lexentry: eng/blood_transfusion__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blood transfusion
trans_list: transfuzja krwi | transfuzja
sense:
(medicine) The taking of blood from one individual and inserting it or blood-based products into the circulatory system of another.


lexentry: eng/blood_type__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blood type
trans_list: grupa krwi
sense:
A classification of blood that is based on the presence or absence of antigens in the red blood cells of an individual. For the purposes of blood transfusion three antigens referred to as "A", "B" and "RhD" (out of a total of 29) are the most important. Based on their presence the human blood can be classified to A, AB, B, and O blood types which are further divided to Rh positive or negative.


lexentry: eng/blood_vessel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blood vessel
trans_list: naczynie krwionośne
sense:
(anatomy) A component of the circulatory system, such as an artery, capillary, or vein, that carries blood.


lexentry: eng/bloodhound__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bloodhound
trans_list: ogar
sense:
A large scenthound famed for its ability to follow a scent many days old, over vast distances. This dog is often used as a police dog to track missing people, fleeing suspects, or escaped prisoners.


lexentry: eng/bloodletting__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bloodletting
trans_list: upust krwi
sense:
(historical, medicine) The archaic practice of treating illness by removing some blood, believed to be tainted, from the stricken person.


lexentry: eng/bloodroot__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bloodroot
trans_list: krwiożerczy
sense:
A North American plant, Sanguinaria canadensis, of the poppy family, which has a red root and sap and a single white flower in early spring.


lexentry: eng/bloodsucker__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bloodsucker
trans_list: krwiopijca
sense:
An animal that drinks the blood of others, especially by sucking blood through a puncture wound; a hemovore.


lexentry: eng/bloody_dock__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bloody dock
trans_list: szczaw gajowy
sense:
A herb named for its characteristic red or purple veins, used in moderate amounts in salads and as ornamental vegetable, Rumex sanguineus.


lexentry: eng/bloody_mary__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bloody mary
trans_list: krwawa mary
sense:
A cocktail made from vodka, tomato juice, and usually other spices or flavorings, such as Worcestershire sauce, Tabasco sauce, beef consommé or bouillon, horseradish, celery or celery salt, salt, black pepper, cayenne pepper, and lemon juice.


lexentry: eng/bloom__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: bloom
trans_list: barwa
sense:
(uncountable) The opening of flowers in general; the state of blossoming or of having the flowers open.


lexentry: eng/bloom__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: bloom
trans_list: kwiat
sense:
(figuratively) A state or time of beauty, freshness, and vigor; an opening to higher perfection, analogous to that of buds into blossoms.


lexentry: eng/bloom__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: bloom
trans_list: pruïna
sense:
The delicate, powdery coating upon certain growing or newly-gathered fruits or leaves, as on grapes, plums, etc.


lexentry: eng/bloom__Noun__1
sense_num: 12
written_rep: bloom
trans_list: woal
sense:
(culinary) A white area of cocoa butter that forms on the surface of chocolate when warmed and cooled.


lexentry: eng/blooming__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: blooming
trans_list: kwitnący
sense:
Thriving in health, beauty, and vigor, vigour; indicating the freshness and beauties of youth or health.


lexentry: eng/blooper__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: blooper
trans_list: awaria
sense:
(film, informal) A filmed or videotaped outtake that has recorded an amusing accident and/or mistake.


lexentry: eng/blossom__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blossom
trans_list: kwiat
sense:
A flower, especially one indicating that a fruit tree is fruiting; (collectively) a mass of such flowers.


lexentry: eng/blouse__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: blouse
trans_list: bluzka | bluza
sense:
(fashion) A shirt for women or girls, particularly a shirt with buttons and often a collar; a dress shirt tailored for women.


lexentry: eng/blow__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: blow
trans_list: zdmuchnąć | dmuchać
sense:
(transitive) To propel by an air current (or, if under water, a water current), usually with the mouth.


lexentry: eng/blow_hot_and_cold__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blow hot and cold
sense:
(intransitive, idiomatic) To behave inconsistently; to vacillate or to waver, as between extremes of opinion or emotion.

trans_list:
Panu Bogu świeczkę i diabłu ogarek | siedzieć jednym tyłkiem na dwóch stołkach | siedzieć na dwóch stołkach


lexentry: eng/blow_off_steam__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blow off steam
trans_list: wyszaleć się | wyszumieć się
sense:
(idiomatic) To vent; to talk or take action (especially in a ranting or unrestrained way) so as to relieve stress.


lexentry: eng/blow_one's_nose__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blow one's nose
trans_list: smarkać | smarknąć | wydmuchać | wydmuchiwać | wydmuchnąć | wysmarkiwać
sense:
To expel mucus or other matter from one's nasal passages, via one's nostril, by force of lung power.


lexentry: eng/blow_up__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: blow up
trans_list: wybuchać | wysadzać
sense:
(transitive) To cause (something or someone) to explode, or to destroy (something) or maim or kill (someone) by means of an explosion.


lexentry: eng/blowfish__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blowfish
trans_list: ryba rozdymkowata
sense:
Any species of fish of the family Tetraodontidae that have the ability to inflate themselves to a globe several times their normal size by swallowing water or air when threatened.


lexentry: eng/blowfly__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blowfly
trans_list: plujkowate
sense:
Any of various flies of the family Calliphoridae that lay their eggs in rotting meat, dung, or open wounds.


lexentry: eng/blowjob__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blowjob
trans_list: obciąganie | robienie loda | ssanie chuja | ssanie fiuta | ssanie pały
sense:
(sex, vulgar, slang) An act of fellatio, or sucking a penis or other phallic object (such as a dildo). Stimulation of somebody's penis or testicles with a person's lips, tongue or mouth with the purpose of giving the receiver sexual pleasure. It may or may not result in orgasm.


lexentry: eng/blowtorch__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blowtorch
trans_list: lampa lutownicza | opalarka | palnik lutowniczy
sense:
A tool which projects a controlled stream of a highly flammable gas over a spark in order to produce a controlled flame.


lexentry: eng/blue-eyed_boy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blue-eyed boy
trans_list: beniaminek | pupil
sense:
(idiomatic, informal, usually, derogatory) The favourite, especially a young one, of especially someone in power; a fair-haired boy (US), (Australian)


lexentry: eng/blue-sky_thinking__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blue-sky thinking
trans_list: mrzonka
sense:
(idiomatic) Thinking that is not grounded or in touch with the realities of the present; open-minded thinking.


lexentry: eng/blue__Noun__1
sense_num: 10
written_rep: blue
trans_list: modraszek
sense:
(entomology) Any of the butterflies of the subfamily Polyommatinae in the family Lycaenidae, most of which have blue on their wings.


lexentry: eng/blue_catfish__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blue catfish
trans_list: sumik błękitny
sense:
A very large freshwater catfish native from central North America south to Central America, os species Ictalurus furcatus


lexentry: eng/blue_giant__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blue giant
trans_list: błękitny olbrzym
sense:
(star) a very hot and very luminous star that emits visible light in the blue portion of the spectrum


lexentry: eng/blue_jay__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blue jay
trans_list: modrosójka błękitna
sense:
Any of species Cyanocitta cristata of North American jays with blue feathering from the top of its head to midway down its back.


lexentry: eng/blue_light__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: blue light
trans_list: elektryczne światło
sense:
Visible light towards the blue end of the spectrum generated from the screen of an electronic device.


lexentry: eng/blue_mussel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blue mussel
trans_list: omułek
sense:
A medium-sized edible mussel, Mytilus edulis, found on the North Atlantic coast of North America, Europe, and in other temperate and polar waters around the world.


lexentry: eng/blue_rock_thrush__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blue rock thrush
trans_list: modrak
sense:
Monticola solitarius, a thrush-like flycatcher found in southern Europe, northern Africa and parts of Asia


lexentry: eng/blue_screen_of_death__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blue screen of death
trans_list: niebieski ekran śmierci
sense:
(computing, informal) An error screen displayed by some operating systems, especially Microsoft Windows, after encountering an unrecoverable error which causes the system to shut down.


lexentry: eng/blue_tit__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blue tit
trans_list: sikora modra
sense:
Cyanistes caeruleus, a small bird of the tit family Paridae, with an azure blue crown and dark blue line passing through the eye and encircling the white cheeks to the chin.


lexentry: eng/blueberry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blueberry
trans_list: borówka | jagoda
sense:
(countable) An edible round berry, belonging to the cowberry group (Vaccinium sect. Cyanococcus), with flared crowns at the end, that turns blue on ripening.


lexentry: eng/bluebird__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bluebird
trans_list: błękitnik
sense:
Any of various North American birds of the genus Sialia in the thrush family. Their plumage is blue or blue and red.


lexentry: eng/blueprint__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: blueprint
trans_list: plan
sense:
(architecture, engineering, by extension) A detailed technical drawing (now often in some electronically storable and transmissible form).


lexentry: eng/blues__Noun__2
sense_num: 02
written_rep: blues
trans_list: blues
sense:
(music genre) A musical form, African-American in origin, generally featuring an eight-bar or twelve-bar blues structure and using the blues scale.


lexentry: eng/bluethroat__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bluethroat
trans_list: podróżniczek
sense:
A small Old World passerine bird, of species Luscinia svecica, the male in spring having a bright blue throat.


lexentry: eng/bluff__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bluff
trans_list: blef | bluff
sense:
An act of bluffing; a false expression of the strength of one's position in order to intimidate; braggadocio.


lexentry: eng/bluff__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bluff
trans_list: blefować | bluffować | zablefować | zabluffować
sense:
(by analogy) To frighten or deter with a false show of strength or confidence; to give a false impression of strength or temerity in order to intimidate and gain some advantage.


lexentry: eng/blunderbuss__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blunderbuss
trans_list: gardłacz | garłacz | szturmak | tromblon
sense:
An old style of muzzleloading firearm and early form of shotgun with a distinctive short, large caliber barrel that is flared at the muzzle, therefore able to fire scattered quantities of nails, stones, shot, etc. at short range.


lexentry: eng/blush__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blush
trans_list: czerwienieć | poczerwienieć | rumienić | sczerwienieć
sense:
(intransitive) To become red in the face (and sometimes experience an associated feeling of warmth), especially due to shyness, shame, excitement, or embarrassment.


lexentry: eng/boa__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: boa
trans_list: boa
sense:
Any of a group of large American snakes, of the genus Boa, subfamily Boinae, or family Boidae, including the boa constrictor and the emperor boa of Mexico.


lexentry: eng/boa__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: boa
trans_list: boa
sense:
(plural "boas") A type of long scarf; typically made from synthetic or real feathers (or occasionally fur), and usually worn by being draped across the shoulders with the ends hanging low, sometimes also with a loop around the neck.


lexentry: eng/board__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: board
trans_list: deska
sense:
A relatively long, wide and thin piece of any material, usually wood or similar, often for use in construction or furniture-making.


lexentry: eng/board__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: board
trans_list: panel
sense:
A device (e.g., switchboard) containing electrical switches and other controls and designed to control lights, sound, telephone connections, etc.


lexentry: eng/board__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: board
trans_list: plansza | tablica
sense:
Short for blackboard, whiteboard, chessboard, surfboard, circuit board, message board (on the Internet), etc.


lexentry: eng/board__Verb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: board
trans_list: abordażować | dokonać abordażu | dokonywać abordażu
sense:
(transitive, nautical) To (at least attempt to) capture an enemy ship by going alongside and grappling her, then invading her with a boarding party.


lexentry: eng/board_game__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: board game
trans_list: gra planszowa | planszówka
sense:
Any of many games of strategy or chance played on a specially designed board; often involves one or more players moving pieces and using dice or cards.


lexentry: eng/board_meeting__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: board meeting
trans_list: posiedzenie zarządu | zebranie zarządu
sense:
a meeting held by the board (of directors) of a company, or any other organisation that has a governing board.


lexentry: eng/board_of_directors__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: board of directors
trans_list: zarząd
sense:
A group of people elected by stockholders to establish corporate policies and make management decisions.


lexentry: eng/board_up__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: board up
trans_list: zabijać | zabić
sense:
(transitive) To block doors or windows with boards, either to prevent access or as protection from storms, etc.


lexentry: eng/boarder__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: boarder
trans_list: kapar
sense:
(nautical) A sailor attacking an enemy ship by boarding her, or one repelling such attempts by an enemy.


lexentry: eng/boarding_pass__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: boarding pass
trans_list: karta pokładowa
sense:
A document or card, similar to a ticket, needed in order to board an airplane or other mode of transport.


lexentry: eng/boarding_school__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: boarding school
trans_list: internat
sense:
A school which provides board and lodging as well as tuition, with students going home at weekends or between terms.


lexentry: eng/boardroom__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: boardroom
trans_list: sala posiedzeń
sense:
The room where a group of people (especially the board of a company or organization) conducts its meetings


lexentry: eng/boardwalk__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: boardwalk
trans_list: promenada
sense:
A slightly elevated path for pedestrians over sandy or swampy ground, typically made out of wood; specifically (Canada, US) one running alongside a body of water or beach.


lexentry: eng/boat__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: boat
trans_list: łódź | łódka
sense:
A craft used for transportation of goods, fishing, racing, recreational cruising, or military use on or in the water, propelled by oars or outboard motor or inboard motor or by wind.


lexentry: eng/boathook__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: boathook
trans_list: osęk | osęka | bosak
sense:
A hook attached to a pole used for pulling or pushing boats, rafts, logs or other objects to or from the side of a boat.


lexentry: eng/boatswain__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: boatswain
trans_list: bosman
sense:
The officer (or warrant officer) in charge of sails, rigging, anchors, cables etc. and all work on deck of a sailing ship.


lexentry: eng/bob__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bob
trans_list: podskakiwać
sense:
(intransitive) To move gently and vertically, in either a single motion or repeatedly up and down, at or near the surface of a body of water, or similar medium.


lexentry: eng/bob_haircut__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bob haircut
trans_list: bob
sense:
A women's haircut in which both the bangs and back are cut in a straight line, with the back generally off the neck.


lexentry: eng/bobolink__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bobolink
trans_list: ryżojad
sense:
An American migratory songbird, Dolichonyx oryzivorus, resembling a blackbird with the bill of a finch.


lexentry: eng/bocal__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bocal
trans_list: słoik
sense:
A curved, tapered metal tube which connects the reed of several double reed woodwind instruments (such as the cor anglais, bassoon, and contrabassoon) to the rest of the instrument.


lexentry: eng/bocce__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bocce
trans_list: bocce
sense:
(sports, uncountable) A game, similar to bowls or pétanque, played on a long, narrow, dirt-covered court


lexentry: eng/bodice__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: bodice
trans_list: dublet
sense:
Underbodice: an undershirt for women, (archaic) particularly a corset or other undershirt stiffened with whalebone.


lexentry: eng/bodily_fluid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bodily fluid
trans_list: płyn ustrojowy
sense:
(anatomy) Any liquid portion of the body, such as blood, urine, semen, saliva, especially when expelled.


lexentry: eng/body__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: body
trans_list: karoseria | kadłub | korpus
sense:
The largest or most important part of anything, as distinct from its appendages or accessories. [from 11th c.]


lexentry: eng/body_double__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: body double
trans_list: dubler
sense:
A film stand-in for an actor, in scenes not involving the face, especially during scenes of nudity, or of dangerous activity.


lexentry: eng/body_heat__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: body heat
trans_list: ciepłota
sense:
heat produced from within the body of a (warmblooded) animal as opposed to absorbed from the environment


lexentry: eng/body_language__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: body language
trans_list: mowa ciala | mowa ciała
sense:
Nonverbal communication by means of facial expressions, eye behavior, gestures, posture, and the like; often thought to be involuntary.


lexentry: eng/body_language__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: body language
trans_list: mowa ciala | mowa ciała
sense:
Deliberate, usually culturally influenced, nonverbal communication using the body through facial expressions, gestures, dance, mime, etc.


lexentry: eng/body_of_water__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: body of water
trans_list: akwen
sense:
Any significant accumulation of water, usually covering the Earth or another planet, such as an ocean, a river, lake or a bay.


lexentry: eng/body_temperature__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: body temperature
trans_list: temperatura ciała
sense:
The current temperature of the body of a person or animal, especially when used as a simple guide to health.


lexentry: eng/bodybuilder__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bodybuilder
trans_list: kulturysta | kulturystka
sense:
(bodybuilding) A person who uses diet and exercise to build an aesthetically muscular physique, in order to compete in bodybuilding.


lexentry: eng/bodyweight__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bodyweight
trans_list: masą ciała
sense:
Employing (only) a person's own weight as resistance to movement for the purpose of physical exercise.


lexentry: eng/boffin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: boffin
trans_list: naukowiec
sense:
(Australia, New Zealand, Britain, Ireland, informal) An engineer or scientist, especially one engaged in technological or military research. [from 1930s]


lexentry: eng/bog_bilberry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bog bilberry
trans_list: borówka bagienna | łochynia
sense:
A shrub native of the cool temperate areas of northern hemisphere, Vaccinium uliginosum, and the berry of that shrub.


lexentry: eng/bogan__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bogan
trans_list: bydło
sense:
(Australia, NZ, slang, derogatory stereotype) An unsophisticated person from a working class background.


lexentry: eng/bogie__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bogie
trans_list: wózek
sense:
(by extension, rail transport, also, attributively) One of two sets of wheels under a locomotive or railcar; also, a structure with axles and wheels under a locomotive, railcar, or semi which provides support and reduces vibration for the vehicle.


lexentry: eng/boil_down__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: boil down
trans_list: streszczać
sense:
(intransitive) To become reduced (to the most central elements or ingredients: to the essence, core, or implication for action).


lexentry: eng/boiler__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: boiler
trans_list: bojler | kocioł
sense:
A device consisting of a heat source and a tank for storing hot water, typically for space heating, domestic hot water etc., disregarding the source of heat.


lexentry: eng/boilerplate__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: boilerplate
trans_list: gotowiec | szablon
sense:
(computing) Standard text or program code used routinely and added with a text editor or word processor; text of a legal or official nature added to documents or labels.


lexentry: eng/boiling_point__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: boiling point
trans_list: temperatura wrzenia
sense:
(physics, chemistry) The temperature at which a liquid boils, with the vapor pressure equal to the given external pressure.


lexentry: eng/bok_choy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bok choy
trans_list: kapusta właściwa chińska
sense:
Chinese cabbage, Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis, an East Asian leafy vegetable related to the Western cabbage.


lexentry: eng/bokeh__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bokeh
trans_list: bokeh
sense:
(photography) A subjective aesthetic quality of out-of-focus areas of an image projected by a camera lens.


lexentry: eng/bolete__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bolete
trans_list: borowik
sense:
A type of fruiting body produced by certain fungus species in the order Boletales, especially those of genus Boletus, many of which are prized for their flavour; any species of said order that produces such a fruiting body.


lexentry: eng/boll_weevil__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: boll weevil
trans_list: kwieciak
sense:
A beetle (Anthonomus grandis) measuring an average length of six millimeters (¼ inch), which feeds on cotton buds and flowers, native to Central America.


lexentry: eng/bollard__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bollard
trans_list: pachołek | słupek
sense:
A similar post preventing vehicle access to a pedestrian area, to delineate traffic lanes, or used for security purposes.


lexentry: eng/bollocks__Interjection__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bollocks
trans_list: cholera
sense:
(Britain, Ireland, Australia, New Zealand, Commonwealth, vulgar, slang) An expression of anger, frustration, etc.


lexentry: eng/bollocks__Interjection__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bollocks
trans_list: cholera
sense:
(Britain, Ireland, Australia, New Zealand, Commonwealth, vulgar, slang) An expression of incredulity.


lexentry: eng/bollocks__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: bollocks
trans_list: dureń
sense:
(Ireland, Britain, Australia, New Zealand, Commonwealth, vulgar, used as singular) An idiot, an ignorant or disagreeable person.


lexentry: eng/bolt__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bolt
trans_list: bełt
sense:
A (usually) metal fastener consisting of a cylindrical body that is threaded, with a larger head on one end. It can be inserted into an unthreaded hole up to the head, with a nut then threaded on the other end; a heavy machine screw.


lexentry: eng/bolt__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: bolt
trans_list: śruba | rygiel | antaba
sense:
A bar of wood or metal dropped in horizontal hooks on a door and adjoining wall or between the two sides of a double door, to prevent the door(s) from being forced open.


lexentry: eng/bolt__Verb__1
sense_num: 10
written_rep: bolt
trans_list: ryglować
sense:
(US, politics) To refuse to support a nomination made by a party or caucus with which one has been connected; to break away from a party.


lexentry: eng/bolthole__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bolthole
trans_list: luka
sense:
A hole in an animal's den, or through a wall or fence, used for escape or emergency exit; i.e. a hole the animal may bolt through.


lexentry: eng/bomb_crater__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bomb crater
trans_list: lej po bombie
sense:
A hole in the ground created by the explosion of a large bomb, usually one dropped by a bomber (aircraft).


lexentry: eng/bombard__Verb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: bombard
trans_list: bombardować | zbombardować
sense:
(physics) To direct at a substance an intense stream of high-energy particles, usually sub-atomic or made of at most a few atoms.


lexentry: eng/bombardier_beetle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bombardier beetle
trans_list: bombowiec
sense:
A beetle whose defence mechanism enables it to eject a hot aqueous mixture of chemicals at predators. They come from a number of subfamilies: Carabinae (e.g., Brachinus crepitans), Metriinae (e.g., Stenaptinus insignis) and Paussinae (e.g., Goniotropis nicaraguensis).


lexentry: eng/bombastic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bombastic
trans_list: pompatyczny
sense:
(of a person, their language or writing) showy in speech and given to using flowery or elaborate terms; grandiloquent; pompous


lexentry: eng/bonanza__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: bonanza
trans_list: bonanza
sense:
(by extension, figurative) Anything which is a great source of wealth or yields a large income or return.


lexentry: eng/bond__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: bond
trans_list: więź
sense:
An emotional link, connection or union; that which holds two or more people together, as in a friendship; a tie.


lexentry: eng/bond__Noun__1
sense_num: 12
written_rep: bond
trans_list: wątek
sense:
(construction) In building, a specific pattern of bricklaying, based on overlapping rows or layers to give strength.


lexentry: eng/bone-eating_snot_flower_worm__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bone-eating snot flower worm
trans_list: robak
sense:
A worm-like creature, Osedax mucofloris, that feeds on the carcasses of minke whales in the North Sea.


lexentry: eng/bone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bone
trans_list: kość
sense:
(uncountable) A composite material consisting largely of calcium phosphate and collagen and making up the skeleton of most vertebrates.


lexentry: eng/bone_density__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bone density
trans_list: mineralna gęstość kości
sense:
(medicine) A measure of the amount of mineral in bones, used to estimate the risk of osteoporosis or fractures.


lexentry: eng/bone_marrow__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bone marrow
trans_list: szpik kostny | szpik
sense:
(anatomy) The fatty vascular tissue that fills the cavities of bones, being the place where new blood cells are produced.


lexentry: eng/bonfire__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bonfire
trans_list: stos
sense:
A fire lit outdoors to burn unwanted items; originally (historical) , heretics or other offenders, or banned books; now, generally agricultural or garden waste, or rubbish.


lexentry: eng/bong__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bong
trans_list: fajka wodna
sense:
A vessel, usually made of glass or ceramic and filled with water, used in smoking various substances, especially cannabis.


lexentry: eng/bong__Noun__2
sense_num: 03
written_rep: bong
trans_list: lejek z wężem
sense:
A device for rapidly consuming beer, usually consisting of a funnel or reservoir of beer and a length of tubing.


lexentry: eng/boning_knife__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: boning knife
trans_list: nóż do filetowania
sense:
a sharp-pointed and narrow-bladed kitchen knife, used for removing the bones of poultry, meat, and fish.


lexentry: eng/bonnet__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: bonnet
trans_list: maska
sense:
(Australia, British, NZ, South Africa, automotive) The hinged cover over the engine of a motor car; a hood.


lexentry: eng/bony_fish__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bony fish
trans_list: ryba kostna
sense:
A fish belonging to either the Actinopterygii taxonomic class or the Sarcopterygii taxonomic class; a finfish.


lexentry: eng/boo__Interjection__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: boo
trans_list: bu
sense:
A loud exclamation intended to scare someone. Usually used when one has been hidden from the target, and then appears unexpectedly.


lexentry: eng/booby__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: booby
trans_list: głuptak
sense:
Any of various large tropical seabirds from the genera Sula and Papasula in the gannet family Sulidae, traditionally considered to be stupid.


lexentry: eng/book__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: book
trans_list: książka | księga
sense:
A collection of sheets of paper bound together to hinge at one edge, containing printed or written material, pictures, etc.


lexentry: eng/book__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: book
trans_list: książka
sense:
A long work fit for publication, typically prose, such as a novel or textbook, and typically published as such a bound collection of sheets, but now sometimes electronically as an e-book.


lexentry: eng/book_of_hours__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: book of hours
trans_list: godzinki
sense:
(Christianity, chiefly, _, historical) An illuminated Catholic devotional book, popular in the Middle Ages.


lexentry: eng/book_value__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: book value
trans_list: wartość księgowa
sense:
The value of an asset as reflected on an entity's accounting books, without accounting for appreciation or depreciation.


lexentry: eng/book_value__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: book value
trans_list: wartość księgowa
sense:
The price for which an item or service should be bought or sold, usually as related in a printed collection of prices for similar items or services.


lexentry: eng/bookcrossing__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bookcrossing
trans_list: bookcrossing
sense:
The practice of leaving a book in a public location to be found and read by others, who then do the same.


lexentry: eng/bookkeeping__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bookkeeping
trans_list: księgowość
sense:
(accounting) The skill or practice of keeping books or systematic records of financial transactions, e.g. income and expenses.


lexentry: eng/bookmaker__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: bookmaker
trans_list: bukmacher
sense:
(gambling) A person (or a business) who calculates odds and accepts bets, especially on horse racing; a bookie.


lexentry: eng/bookmobile__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bookmobile
trans_list: bibliobus | bibliowóz
sense:
A mobile library; especially, a large van designed to transport a portion of some library's collection.


lexentry: eng/bookplate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bookplate
trans_list: ekslibris
sense:
A printed piece of paper pasted on one of the pages of a book, most often on the inside front cover, showing ownership and thus deterring theft.


lexentry: eng/boom__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: boom
trans_list: bom
sense:
(sailing) A spar extending the foot of a sail; a spar rigged outboard from a ship's side to which boats are secured in harbour.


lexentry: eng/boom_barrier__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: boom barrier
trans_list: szlaban | rogatka
sense:
A bar or pole that can be lowered to block vehicular access through a controlled location, or raised to allow traffic to pass.


lexentry: eng/boomerang__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: boomerang
trans_list: bumerang
sense:
A flat curved airfoil that spins about an axis perpendicular to the direction of flight, originally used in various parts of the world as a hunting weapon or, in returnable types, for sports or training.


lexentry: eng/boon__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: boon
trans_list: błogosławieństwo
sense:
(Hindu mythology) A blessing, typically a supernatural power, granted to an ascetic by a god or goddess.


lexentry: eng/boondoggle__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: boondoggle
trans_list: strata czasu
sense:
(North American, figuratively, usually, politics) A waste of time and/or money; a pointless activity.


lexentry: eng/boot__Verb__3
sense_num: 01
written_rep: boot
trans_list: uruchomić | wykonać rozruch
sense:
(computing) To bootstrap; to start a system, e.g. a computer, by invoking its boot process or bootstrap.


lexentry: eng/booted_eagle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: booted eagle
trans_list: orzełek włochaty | orzełek
sense:
Hieraaetus pennatus, a medium-sized mostly migratory bird of prey with a wide distribution in the Palearctic and southern Asia.


lexentry: eng/bora__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bora
trans_list: bora
sense:
A cold, often dry, northeasterly wind which blows, sometimes in violent gusts, down from mountains on the eastern shore of the Adriatic Sea. It also applies to cold, squally, downslope winds in other parts of the world.


lexentry: eng/borage__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: borage
trans_list: ogórecznik lekarski | ogórecznik
sense:
Borago officinalis, a Mediterranean plant with rough, cucumber-flavored leaves and stems, used in salads and cooked.


lexentry: eng/borax__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: borax
trans_list: boraks
sense:
A white or gray/grey crystalline salt, with a slight alkaline taste, used as a flux, in soldering metals, making enamels, fixing colors/colours on porcelain, and as a soap, etc.


lexentry: eng/borax__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: borax
trans_list: boraks
sense:
(chemistry) The sodium salt of boric acid, Na2B4O7, either anhydrous or with 5 or 10 molecules of water of crystallization; sodium tetraborate.


lexentry: eng/border_collie__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: border collie
trans_list: border collie
sense:
A herding dog of a breed originating near the border between England and Scotland, and specifically bred for intelligence and obedience.


lexentry: eng/bore__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: bore
trans_list: wiercić | borować | świdrować
sense:
(intransitive) To make a hole with, or as if with, a boring instrument; to cut a circular hole by the rotary motion of a tool.


lexentry: eng/boric_acid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: boric acid
trans_list: kwas borowy
sense:
(chemistry) H3BO3; B(OH)3; a white crystalline solid, soluble in hot water to form a weak acid. Used as a mild antiseptic, flame retardant, insecticide, and in the manufacture of borax and other borate salts.


lexentry: eng/boron__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: boron
trans_list: bor
sense:
The chemical element (symbol B) with an atomic number of 5, which is a metalloid found in its pure form as a dark amorphous powder.


lexentry: eng/borrow__Verb__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: borrow
trans_list: zapożyczać | zapożyczyć
sense:
(arithmetic) In a subtraction, to deduct (one) from a digit of the minuend and add ten to the following digit, in order that the subtraction of a larger digit in the subtrahend from the digit in the minuend to which ten is added gives a positive result.


lexentry: eng/boson__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: boson
trans_list: bozon
sense:
(particle) A particle with totally symmetric composite quantum states, which exempts them from the Pauli exclusion principle, and that hence obeys Bose-Einstein statistics. They have integer spin. Among them are many elementary particles, and some (gauge bosons) are known to carry the fundamental forces. Compare fermion.


lexentry: eng/bossa_nova__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bossa nova
trans_list: bossa nova
sense:
A genre of music originating from Brazil, similar to a fusion of jazz and samba music, no longer closely associated with the Brazilian dance.


lexentry: eng/bossage__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bossage
trans_list: boniowanie
sense:
(architecture) A rough, unfinished stone block, which is left projecting from the wall of a building to be later sculpted.


lexentry: eng/bot__Noun__2
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bot
trans_list: bot
sense:
(computing) A piece of software designed to perform a minor but repetitive task automatically or on command, especially when operating with the appearance of a (human) user profile or account.


lexentry: eng/bota_bag__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bota bag
trans_list: bukłak
sense:
A traditional Greek or Spanish wineskin bag. Typically it is made of leather, and is used to carry wine, although any liquid can be carried.


lexentry: eng/botanical_garden__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: botanical garden
trans_list: ogród botaniczny
sense:
A place where a variety of plants are grown, primarily for scientific or educational reasons, but are normally open to the public, and include ornamental plants from around the world.


lexentry: eng/botany__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: botany
trans_list: botanika | roślinoznawstwo
sense:
(uncountable) The scientific study of plants, a branch of biology. Typically those disciplines that involve the whole plant.


lexentry: eng/botch__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: botch
trans_list: amatorszczyzna | chałtura | fuszerka | partanina
sense:
An action, job, or task that has been performed very badly; a ruined, defective, or clumsy piece of work.


lexentry: eng/botch__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: botch
trans_list: knocić | fuszerować | partaczyć | partolić | sfuszerować | sknocić
sense:
(transitive) To perform (a task) in an unacceptable or incompetent manner; to make a mess of something


lexentry: eng/botfly__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: botfly
trans_list: giez
sense:
One of several dipterous insects of the family Oestridae, the larvae of which are parasites on many animals, including humans.


lexentry: eng/bottle_crate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bottle crate
trans_list: skrzynka (na butelki)
sense:
A container used for transport of beverage containers. In the present day they are usually made of plastic, but before the widespread use of plastic they tended to be made of wood or metal.


lexentry: eng/bottle_deposit__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bottle deposit
trans_list: zaliczka za butelkę
sense:
A monetary deposit collected at the point of sale when a bottled beverage is purchased, and fully or partially refunded when the empty bottle is returned.


lexentry: eng/bottle_episode__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bottle episode
trans_list: epizod butelkowy | odcinek butelkowy
sense:
(originally, US, television) An episode of a television series designed to be inexpensive and restricted in its use of sets, effects, cast members, etc.


lexentry: eng/bottlenose_dolphin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bottlenose dolphin
trans_list: butlonos zwyczajny
sense:
One of the species of gray dolphin in the genus Tursiops, between 2 and 4 meters in length inhabiting warm and temperate seas worldwide.


lexentry: eng/bottom-up__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bottom-up
trans_list: oddolny
sense:
Of or relating to a hierarchical system that progresses from multiple small subunits to a single, large basic unit.


lexentry: eng/bottom__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: bottom
trans_list: dno
sense:
(uncountable, British, slang) Character, reliability, staying power, dignity, integrity or sound judgment.


lexentry: eng/bottom__Noun__1
sense_num: 16
written_rep: bottom
trans_list: pasyw
sense:
(LGBT, _, slang) A man, trans woman, or other person with a penis, who prefers the receptive role in anal sex.


lexentry: eng/bottom_line__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bottom line
trans_list: saldo
sense:
(countable, uncountable, business) The final balance; the amount of money or profit left after everything has been tallied.


lexentry: eng/bottom_quark__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bottom quark
trans_list: kwark b
sense:
(particle) A quark having a fractional electric charge of -\frac{1}{3} and a mass of about 4,100 to 4,400 MeV.Symbol: b


lexentry: eng/botulism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: botulism
trans_list: botulizm
sense:
(pathology) Poisoning caused by the toxin from Clostridium botulinum, an anaerobic bacterium that grows in improperly prepared food.


lexentry: eng/bougainvillea__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bougainvillea
trans_list: bugenwilla
sense:
Any of several South American flowering shrubs or lianas, of the genus Bougainvillea, having three showy, colorful bracts attached below each group of three inconspicuous flowers.


lexentry: eng/bouillon_cube__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bouillon cube
trans_list: kostka rosołowa | rosołek
sense:
(Canada, US) A small cube, consisting of dry ingredients, that can be dissolved to make a broth or soup stock.


lexentry: eng/bouncer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bouncer
trans_list: bramkarz | wykidajło
sense:
(informal) A member of security personnel employed by bars, nightclubs, etc to maintain order and deal with patrons who cause trouble.


lexentry: eng/bouncing_castle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bouncing castle
trans_list: dmuchany zamek
sense:
A large inflatable structure, resembling a castle etc., on which children jump and play as on a trampoline.


lexentry: eng/bound__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bound
trans_list: granica
sense:
(often, used in plural) A boundary, the border which one must cross in order to enter or leave a territory.


lexentry: eng/boundary__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: boundary
trans_list: brzeg
sense:
(topology) (of a set) The set of points in the closure of a set S, not belonging to the interior of that set.


lexentry: eng/bourgeois__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: bourgeois
trans_list: burżuazyjny
sense:
(Marxism) Of or relating to the capitalist class, (usually, _, pejorative) the capitalist exploitation of the proletariat.


lexentry: eng/boustrophedon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: boustrophedon
trans_list: bustrofedon
sense:
(historical, calligraphy, of writing) Writing that is right-to-left and left-to-right on alternate lines.


lexentry: eng/bovarysm__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bovarysm
trans_list: bovaryzm | bowaryzm
sense:
(psychology) An anxiety to escape from a social or sentimental condition judged to be unsatisfactory, sometimes by building a fictitious personality.


lexentry: eng/bovine_spongiform_encephalopathy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bovine spongiform encephalopathy
trans_list: chorobą szalonych krów | gąbczasta encefalopatia bydła
sense:
(disease, neurology) A fatal, neurodegenerative disease of cattle, which is transmissible to humans through misshaped prion proteins, caused by eating infected tissues.


lexentry: eng/bovver_boots__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bovver boots
trans_list: glany
sense:
(1970s, _, British, _, slang) Stout lace-up boots, especially Dr. Martens, perceived to be worn for the purpose of kicking people in fights, and popular with skinheads or other troublemakers out looking for bovver.


lexentry: eng/bow__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bow
trans_list: łuk | smyczek
sense:
A weapon made of a curved piece of wood or other flexible material whose ends are connected by a string, used for shooting arrows.


lexentry: eng/bow__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: bow
trans_list: kokarda
sense:
A type of knot with two loops, used to tie together two cords such as shoelaces or apron strings, and frequently used as decoration, such as in gift-wrapping.


lexentry: eng/bow__Noun__1
sense_num: 09
written_rep: bow
trans_list: łuk | smyczek
sense:
Any instrument consisting of an elastic rod, with ends connected by a string, employed for giving reciprocating motion to a drill, or for preparing and arranging hair, fur, etc., used by hatters.


lexentry: eng/bow__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bow
trans_list: pokłon | ukłon
sense:
A gesture, usually showing respect, made by inclining the head or bending forward at the waist; a reverence


lexentry: eng/bow__Verb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: bow
trans_list: wygiąć | zgiąć
sense:
(transitive, figurative) To exercise powerful or controlling influence over; to bend, figuratively; to turn; to incline.


lexentry: eng/bow_grip__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bow grip
trans_list: wózek dziecięcy
sense:
(musical instruments, lutherie) The small section of a stringed instrument's bow near the heel having grippy material such as goatskin leather or snakeskin wrapped tightly around the bow stick between the lapping and the frog, so as to facilitate it being held and to protect the stick.


lexentry: eng/bow_saw__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bow saw
trans_list: kabłąkowa
sense:
A lightweight metal-framed saw in the shape of a bow with a removable coarse wide blade, used for cutting tree trunks.


lexentry: eng/bower_bird__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bower bird
trans_list: altannik
sense:
Any bird of the Australasian family Ptilonorhynchidae noted for building display structures (bowers) and decorating them with bright objects such as shells, glass, flowers, etc.


lexentry: eng/bowfin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bowfin
trans_list: amia | miękławka
sense:
A voracious ganoid fish, Amia calva, the last survivor of the order Amiiformes, found in the fresh waters of the United States.


lexentry: eng/bowl__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bowl
trans_list: misa
sense:
A roughly hemispherical container used to hold, mix or present food, such as salad, fruit or soup, or other items.


lexentry: eng/bowl__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: bowl
trans_list: czerpak
sense:
(cooking) A dish comprising a mix of different foods, not all of which need be cooked, served in a bowl.


lexentry: eng/bowl_cut__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bowl cut
trans_list: fryzura na grzybka | grzybek
sense:
(hairstyling) A haircut where the hair is cut short on the sides and back and allowed to grow long on the top, as though only the hair not covered by an inverted bowl had been removed.


lexentry: eng/bowleg__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bowleg
trans_list: kolana szpotawe
sense:
A leg that curves outward at the knee. It might refer to the leg of a human, animal or even a piece of furniture.


lexentry: eng/bowline__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bowline
trans_list: węzeł ratowniczy
sense:
(nautical) A knot tied so as to produce an eye or loop in the end of a rope that will not slip or jam.


lexentry: eng/bowling__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bowling
trans_list: bowling | kręgle
sense:
A game played by rolling a ball down an alley and trying to knock over a triangular group of ten pins; ten-pin bowling/five-pin bowling


lexentry: eng/bowsprit__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bowsprit
trans_list: bukszpryt | dziobak
sense:
(nautical) A spar projecting over the prow of a sailing vessel to provide the means of adding sail surface.


lexentry: eng/box__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: box
trans_list: ochraniacz na jądra
sense:
(cricket) A hard protector for the genitals worn inside the underpants by a batsman or close fielder.


lexentry: eng/box__Noun__2
sense_num: 05
written_rep: box
trans_list: bukszpan
sense:
(Australia) Various species of Eucalyptus trees are popularly called various kinds of boxes, on the basis of the nature of their wood, bark, or appearance for example, the drooping box (Eucalyptus bicolor), shiny-leaved box (Eucalyptus tereticornis), black box, or ironbark box trees.


lexentry: eng/box_plot__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: box plot
trans_list: wykres pudełkowy
sense:
(statistics) A graphical summary of a numerical data sample through five statistics: median, lower quartile, upper quartile, and some indication of more extreme upper and lower values.


lexentry: eng/box_tree__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: box tree
trans_list: bukszpan
sense:
(botany) Any of several trees, of the genus Buxus, often used as a hedge, for topiary, and as a source of boxwood


lexentry: eng/boxing__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: boxing
trans_list: boks
sense:
(sports) A sport where two opponents punch each other with gloved fists to head and torso; the object being to score more points by the end of the match or by knockout, or technical knockout.


lexentry: eng/boxwood__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: boxwood
trans_list: bukszpan
sense:
(uncountable) The hard, close-grained wood of this tree, used in delicate woodwork and in making inlays.


lexentry: eng/boy__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: boy
trans_list: chłopiec
sense:
(obsolete) A male of low station, (especially as pejorative) a worthless male, a wretch; a mean and dishonest male, a knave. [14th–17th c.]


lexentry: eng/boyar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: boyar
trans_list: bojar | bojarzyn
sense:
(historical) A member of a rank of aristocracy (second only to princes) in Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Bulgaria, North Macedonia, Serbia and Romania.


lexentry: eng/boyau__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: boyau
trans_list: jelito
sense:
(military) A small trench or ditch, typically built in a zigzag pattern, serving to connect or provide communication between two trenches, particularly the rear and front lines.


lexentry: eng/boycott__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: boycott
trans_list: bojkotować
sense:
To abstain, either as an individual or a group, from using, buying, or dealing with someone or some organization as an expression of protest.


lexentry: eng/boys_will_be_boys__Proverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: boys will be boys
trans_list: chłopcy zawsze będą chłopcami
sense:
It is hard, often fruitless, to attempt to curb the natural playfulness and tendency to mischief of most growing boys.


lexentry: eng/brace__Noun__1
sense_num: 11
written_rep: brace
trans_list: ankier
sense:
A piece of material used to transmit, or change the direction of, weight or pressure; any one of the pieces, in a frame or truss, which divide the structure into triangular parts. It may act as a tie, or as a strut, and serves to prevent distortion of the structure, and transverse strains in its members. A boiler brace is a diagonal stay, connecting the head with the shell.


lexentry: eng/brace__Noun__1
sense_num: 12
written_rep: brace
trans_list: para
sense:
(nautical) A rope reeved through a block at the end of a yard, by which the yard is moved horizontally; also, a rudder gudgeon.


lexentry: eng/brachiopod__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brachiopod
trans_list: ramienionóg
sense:
Any of many marine invertebrates, of the phylum Brachiopoda, that have bivalve dorsal and ventral shells with two tentacle-bearing arms that capture food


lexentry: eng/brachiosaur__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brachiosaur
trans_list: brachiozaur
sense:
Any of several massive, herbivorous sauropod dinosaurs, of the genus Brachiosaurus, from the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods.


lexentry: eng/brachiosaurus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brachiosaurus
trans_list: brachiozaur
sense:
A large herbivorous sauropod dinosaur, Brachiosaurus altithorax, which lived during the Jurassic period.


lexentry: eng/brachytherapy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brachytherapy
trans_list: brachyterapia
sense:
Radiotherapy using radioactive sources positioned within (or close to) the treatment volume, typically with radiopharmaceuticals as opposed to external-beam sources.


lexentry: eng/bracken__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bracken
trans_list: orlica
sense:
(uncountable, countable) Any of several coarse ferns, of the genus Pteridium, that form dense thickets; often poisonous to livestock.


lexentry: eng/bracket__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: bracket
trans_list: nawias
sense:
Any of the characters "(", ")", "[", "]", "{", "}", "<" and ">", used in pairs to enclose parenthetic remarks, sections of mathematical expressions, etc.


lexentry: eng/bracket_fungus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bracket fungus
trans_list: tykać
sense:
Any of various fungi of the family Polyporaceae, whose fruiting bodies form on trees and resemble shelves.


lexentry: eng/brackish__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brackish
trans_list: słonawy
sense:
(of water) Salty or slightly salty, as a mixture of fresh and sea water, such as that found in estuaries.


lexentry: eng/bract__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bract
trans_list: przykwiatek
sense:
(botany) A leaf or leaf-like structure from the axil out of which a stalk of a flower or an inflorescence arises.


lexentry: eng/bracteole__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bracteole
trans_list: plewinka
sense:
(botany) A small leaf of leaf-like structure directly subtending a flower or inflorescence whose stalk itself is subtended by a bract.


lexentry: eng/brag__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brag
trans_list: przechwalać się | chełpić się
sense:
(intransitive) To boast; to talk with excessive pride about what one has, is able to do, or has done; often as an attempt to popularize oneself.


lexentry: eng/braid__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: braid
trans_list: warkocz | kosa
sense:
A weave of three or more strands of fibers, ribbons, cords or hair often for decoration. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/braid__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: braid
trans_list: pleść | splatać | spleść
sense:
(transitive) To weave together, intertwine (strands of fibers, ribbons, etc.); to arrange (hair) in braids.


lexentry: eng/braille__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: braille
trans_list: alfabet Braille’a
sense:
A system of writing in which letters and some combinations of letters are represented by raised dots arranged in three rows of two dots each and are read by the blind and partially sighted using the fingertips.


lexentry: eng/brain-dead__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brain-dead
trans_list: w stanie śmierci mózgu
sense:
(medicine, not comparable) Having an irreversible loss of brain function and cessation of brain activity.


lexentry: eng/brain-washing__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brain-washing
trans_list: pranie mózgu
sense:
A form of indoctrination that forces people to abandon their beliefs in favour of another set of beliefs by conditioning through various forms of pressure or torture


lexentry: eng/brain__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brain
trans_list: mózg
sense:
The control center of the central nervous system of an animal located in the skull which is responsible for perception, cognition, attention, memory, emotion, and action.


lexentry: eng/brain_drain__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brain drain
trans_list: drenaż mózgów
sense:
The migration of educated or talented people from less economically advanced areas to more economically advanced areas, especially to large cities or richer countries.


lexentry: eng/brain_stem__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brain stem
trans_list: pień mózgu
sense:
(neuroanatomy, anatomy) The part of the brain that connects the spinal cord to the cerebrum and the rest of the forebrain.


lexentry: eng/brainwash__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brainwash
trans_list: prać mózg komu | wyprać mózg komu
sense:
(psychology) To affect one's mind by using extreme mental pressure or any other mind-affecting process. (e.g. hypnosis)


lexentry: eng/braise__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: braise
trans_list: dusić
sense:
(cooking) To cook in a small amount of liquid, in a covered pan, somewhere between steaming and boiling.


lexentry: eng/brake__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brake
trans_list: hamulec
sense:
(engineering) An apparatus for testing the power of a steam engine or other motor by weighing the amount of friction that the motor will overcome; a friction brake.


lexentry: eng/brake__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brake
trans_list: hamulec
sense:
A device used to slow or stop the motion of a wheel, or of a vehicle, usually by friction (although other resistive forces, such as electromagnetic fields or aerodynamic drag, can also be used); also, the controls or apparatus used to engage such a mechanism such as the pedal in a car. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/brake_fluid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brake fluid
trans_list: płyn hamulcowy
sense:
A special fluid for operating hydraulic brakes and clutches, which are linked by pipe to a master cylinder.


lexentry: eng/brambling__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brambling
trans_list: jer
sense:
A finch, Fringilla montifringilla of northern Eurasia, the male having a black head in summer and an orange breast with white belly and a long white rump.


lexentry: eng/bran__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bran
trans_list: otręby
sense:
The broken coat of the seed of wheat, rye, or other cereal grain, separated from the flour or meal by sifting or bolting; the coarse, chaffy part of ground grain.


lexentry: eng/branch__Verb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: branch
trans_list: rozgałęziać się
sense:
(intransitive, computing) To jump to a different location in a program, especially as the result of a conditional statement.


lexentry: eng/branchial__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: branchial
trans_list: skrzelowy
sense:
Of, pertaining to, or resembling gills; of or pertaining to the embryonic branchial arches and clefts from which the gills arise.


lexentry: eng/brand__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: brand
trans_list: marka
sense:
The symbolic identity, represented by a name and/or a logo, which indicates a certain product or service to the public.


lexentry: eng/brand_loyalty__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brand loyalty
trans_list: lojalność wobec marki
sense:
The positive feelings towards a brand and dedication to purchase the same product or service repeatedly, regardless of deficiencies, a competitor's actions, or changes in the environment.


lexentry: eng/brandish__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brandish
trans_list: wymachiwać
sense:
(transitive) To move or swing a weapon back and forth, particularly if demonstrating anger, threat or skill.


lexentry: eng/brane__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brane
trans_list: brana
sense:
(physics) A hypothetical object extending across a number of (often specified) spatial dimensions, with strings in string theory seen as one-dimensional examples.


lexentry: eng/brant__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brant
trans_list: bernikla
sense:
(North American) Any of several wild geese, of the genus Branta, that breed in the Arctic, but especially the brent goose, Branta bernicla.


lexentry: eng/bras_d'honneur__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bras d'honneur
trans_list: gest Kozakiewicza | wał
sense:
An obscene gesture in which an arm is bent into an L-shape, with the closed palm pointing upwards, while the other hand then grips the biceps of the bent arm, and the bent forearm is then raised vertically; it conveys the sense of “up yours!”.


lexentry: eng/brash__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brash
trans_list: zuchwały
sense:
(of people or behaviour) Overly bold or self-assertive to the point of being insensitive, tactless or impudent; shameless.


lexentry: eng/brass__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brass
trans_list: mosiądz
sense:
(countable, uncountable) A metallic alloy of copper and zinc used in many industrial and plumbing applications.


lexentry: eng/brass__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: brass
trans_list: instrument dęty blaszany | mosiężny
sense:
(music) A class of wind instruments, usually made of metal (such as brass), that use vibrations of the player's lips to produce sound; the section of an orchestra that features such instruments


lexentry: eng/brass__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: brass
trans_list: łuska
sense:
Spent shell casings (usually made of brass); the part of the cartridge left over after bullets have been fired.


lexentry: eng/brass_instrument__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brass instrument
trans_list: instrument dęty blaszany | blacha
sense:
Any musical instrument whose tone is produced by vibration of the lips as the player blows into a mouthpiece (or tubular resonator).


lexentry: eng/brawn__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: brawn
trans_list: salceson
sense:
(chiefly, British) Head cheese; a terrine made from the head of a pig or calf; originally boar's meat.


lexentry: eng/bray__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bray
trans_list: drzeć
sense:
(intransitive) Of an animal (now chiefly of animals related to the ass or donkey, and the camel): to make its cry.


lexentry: eng/bray__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: bray
trans_list: drzeć
sense:
(transitive) To make or utter (a shout, sound, etc.) discordantly, loudly, or in a harsh and grating manner.


lexentry: eng/braze__Verb__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: braze
trans_list: zgrzewać
sense:
To join two metal pieces, without melting them, using heat and diffusion of a jointing alloy of capillary thickness.


lexentry: eng/brazen__Adjective__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: brazen
trans_list: bezwstydny | bezczelny | arogancki | hucpiarski | impertynencki | rozpanoszony
sense:
Shamelessly shocking and offensive; audacious; impudent; barefaced; immodest, unblushing. [from 1570s.]


lexentry: eng/brazen_bull__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brazen bull
trans_list: byk Falarisa | byk spiżowy | byk sycylijski | byk z brązu
sense:
An ancient torture device, supposed to have been devised by Perillos of Athens, consisting of a hollow bull fashioned from brass in which victims were imprisoned and burned to death.


lexentry: eng/brazier__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brazier
trans_list: koksiak | koksownik | mosiężnik
sense:
An upright standing or hanging metal bowl used for holding burning coal for a source of light or heat.


lexentry: eng/brazilwood__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brazilwood
trans_list: fernambuk
sense:
A Brazilian timber tree (Paubrasilia echinata, syn. Caesalpinia echinata), used primarily to make bows for string instruments.


lexentry: eng/breach__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: breach
trans_list: wyłom | wyrwa
sense:
A gap or opening made by breaking or battering, as in a wall, fortification or levee / embankment; the space between the parts of a solid body rent by violence


lexentry: eng/bread_and_circuses__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bread and circuses
trans_list: chleba i igrzysk
sense:
(idiomatic) Food and entertainment provided by the state, particularly if intended to placate the people.


lexentry: eng/breadcrumb__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: breadcrumb
trans_list: bułka tarta
sense:
(chiefly, in the plural) A tiny piece of bread, either one that falls from bread as it is cut or eaten, or one made deliberately by crumbling bread.


lexentry: eng/breadfruit__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: breadfruit
trans_list: chlebowiec właściwy
sense:
An evergreen tree, Artocarpus altilis, native to islands of the east Indian Ocean and western Pacific Ocean.


lexentry: eng/breadstick__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: breadstick
trans_list: grissini | paluch | paluszek
sense:
A long, very slender loaf of crisp bread smaller than a baguette; for example, grissini from Italy and rosquilletas from Spain.


lexentry: eng/breadth-first_search__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: breadth-first search
trans_list: przeszukiwanie wszerz
sense:
(graph theory) A search algorithm that begins at the root node and explores all the neighboring nodes.


lexentry: eng/break-even_point__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: break-even point
trans_list: próg rentowności
sense:
(business, management) The point where total costs equal total revenue and the organization neither makes a profit nor suffers a loss.


lexentry: eng/break__Verb__1
sense_num: 28
written_rep: break
trans_list: łamać | złamać | rozbijać | połamać się | rozbić się | rujnować
sense:
(intransitive, of a voice) To alter in type due to emotion or strain: in men, generally to go up, in women, sometimes to go down; to crack.


lexentry: eng/break_a_lance__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: break a lance
trans_list: walczyć
sense:
(intransitive) to take a stand, to contend [+ for (to the benefit of)] [+ in favour of (to the benefit of)] [+ against (in opposition to)] [+ with (in opposition to)]


lexentry: eng/break_a_leg__Interjection__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: break a leg
trans_list: powodzenia! | połamania nóg!
sense:
(idiomatic) Said to someone wishing they perform well in a theatrical production or comparable endeavor.


lexentry: eng/break_bad__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: break bad
trans_list: zejść na złą drogę
sense:
(colloquial, especially, Southern US, and, Midwest US, of a person) To go bad; to turn toward immorality or crime.


lexentry: eng/break_one's_fast__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: break one's fast
trans_list: jeść śniadanie
sense:
(dated) To eat breakfast; to eat the first meal of the day after a night of not eating or to conclude any period of fasting by consuming food.


lexentry: eng/break_up__Verb__1
sense_num: 08
written_rep: break up
trans_list: zerwać
sense:
(intransitive, telecommunications) Of a conversation, to cease to be understandable because of a bad connection; of a signal, to deteriorate.


lexentry: eng/break_wind__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: break wind
trans_list: psuć powietrze | puszczać gazy | puścić gazy | zepsuć powietrze
sense:
(idiomatic, euphemistic) To expel gases generated during digestion, especially through the anus; to fart or flatulate.


lexentry: eng/breakdancing__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: breakdancing
trans_list: breakdance
sense:
(dance) An urban style of acrobatic street dance that originated in the hip hop culture of New York City in the late 20th century.


lexentry: eng/breaker__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: breaker
trans_list: bałwan | grzywacz
sense:
(chiefly, in the plural) A wave breaking into foam against the shore, or against a sandbank, or a rock or reef near the surface, considered a useful warning to ships of an underwater hazard


lexentry: eng/breakfast_cereal__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: breakfast cereal
trans_list: płatki śniadaniowe
sense:
A food made from processed grains, such as maize, oats, wheat or rice, usually eaten for breakfast with milk and sometimes sugar.


lexentry: eng/breakwater__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: breakwater
trans_list: falochron
sense:
A construction in or around a harbour designed to break the force of the sea and to provide shelter for vessels lying inside.


lexentry: eng/breakwater__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: breakwater
trans_list: ostroga brzegowa
sense:
(on beaches) A wooden or concrete barrier, usually perpendicular to the shore, intended to prevent the movement of sand along a coast.


lexentry: eng/bream__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bream
trans_list: leszcz
sense:
A European fresh-water cyprinoid fish of the genus Abramis, little valued as food. Several species are known.


lexentry: eng/bream__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: bream
trans_list: leszcz
sense:
An American fresh-water fish, of various species of Lepomis and allied genera, which are also called sunfishes and pondfishes.


lexentry: eng/breast__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: breast
trans_list: pierś | biust | cycek
sense:
(anatomy) Either of the two organs on the front of a female human's chest, which contain the mammary glands; also the analogous organs in males.


lexentry: eng/breast__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: breast
trans_list: pierś
sense:
A choice cut of poultry, especially chicken or turkey, taken from the bird’s breast; also a cut of meat from other animals, breast of mutton, veal, pork.


lexentry: eng/breast_augmentation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: breast augmentation
trans_list: implant piersi
sense:
(surgery) A cosmetic procedure to increase the size of a breast (the organ on the front of the chest).


lexentry: eng/breastbone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: breastbone
trans_list: mostek
sense:
(anatomy) The central narrow bone in the front of the chest, connecting the collarbone and the top ribs.


lexentry: eng/breaststroke__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: breaststroke
trans_list: styl klasyczny | żabka
sense:
A swimming stroke in which the swimmer lies face down, the arms being swept forward, outward and back under the water and the legs are kicked like a frog's


lexentry: eng/breathalyzer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: breathalyzer
trans_list: alkomat | balonik
sense:
A device that measures alcohol in expired air so as to estimate the concentration of alcohol in a person's blood; used by traffic police in cases of suspected driving while under the influence of alcohol.


lexentry: eng/breathe__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: breathe
trans_list: oddychać | odetchnąć | wdychać
sense:
(intransitive) To draw air into (inhale), and expel air from (exhale), the lungs in order to extract oxygen and excrete waste gases.


lexentry: eng/breccia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: breccia
trans_list: szczerba
sense:
(petrology) A rock composed of angular fragments in a matrix that may be of a similar or a different material.


lexentry: eng/breech__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: breech
trans_list: spodnie
sense:
(historical, now only, _, in the plural, or, attributive) A garment whose purpose is to cover or clothe the buttocks. [from 11th c.]


lexentry: eng/breech_birth__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: breech birth
trans_list: poród pośladkowy
sense:
A birth in which the baby comes through the birth canal posterior (buttocks), feet, or knees first, instead of the more usual position of headfirst.


lexentry: eng/bribe__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bribe
trans_list: przekupić | dawać łapówkę
sense:
(transitive) To give a bribe to; specifically, to ask a person to do something against his/her original will, in exchange for some type of reward or relief from potential trouble.


lexentry: eng/bribery__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bribery
trans_list: łapownictwo | łapówkarstwo
sense:
the making of illegal payment, or bribes, to persons in official positions as a means of influencing their decisions


lexentry: eng/brick_and_mortar__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brick and mortar
trans_list: fizyk
sense:
(business) Buildings and property for the conduct of business, particularly in the sale of retail goods to the general public. (Used to contrast an Internet-based sales operation that lacks customer-oriented store fronts and a "traditional" one for which most capital investment might be in the building infrastructure.) [from mid-1990s]


lexentry: eng/bridal_couple__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bridal couple
trans_list: państwo młodzi | młoda para
sense:
The bride and bridegroom on their wedding day, and possibly for a short time thereafter, for example during their honeymoon.


lexentry: eng/bridal_shower__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bridal shower
trans_list: wieczór kawalerski
sense:
(US) A party held for a bride-to-be in anticipation of her wedding, involving guests (typically female friends and relatives) giving her gifts.


lexentry: eng/bride_price__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bride price
trans_list: wiano
sense:
A sum of money or other valuables paid by a bridegroom or on his behalf to the family of the bride, in some cultures.


lexentry: eng/bridge__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bridge
trans_list: most
sense:
(music, lutherie) The piece, on string instruments, that supports the strings from the sounding board.


lexentry: eng/bridge__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bridge
trans_list: mostek kapitański | most
sense:
(nautical) An elevated platform above the upper deck of a mechanically propelled ship from which it is navigated and from which all activities on deck can be seen and controlled by the captain, etc; smaller ships have a wheelhouse, and sailing ships were controlled from a quarterdeck.


lexentry: eng/bridge_loan__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bridge loan
trans_list: ubezpieczenie pomostowe
sense:
(business, finance) A sum of money loaned or borrowed for a short period of time in order to cover expenses until new expected funds become available.


lexentry: eng/bridgehead__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: bridgehead
trans_list: przyczółek
sense:
(military) An area of ground on the enemy's side of a river or other obstacle, especially one that needs to be taken and defended in order to secure an advance.


lexentry: eng/brigade__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: brigade
trans_list: brygada
sense:
(military) Military unit composed of several regiments (or battalions) and including soldiers from different arms of service.


lexentry: eng/brigantine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brigantine
trans_list: brygantyna
sense:
(nautical) a two-masted vessel, square-rigged on the foremast, but fore-and-aft-rigged mainsail with a square-rig above it on the mainmast.


lexentry: eng/brine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brine
trans_list: solanka
sense:
Salt water; water saturated or strongly impregnated with salt; a salt-and-water solution for pickling.


lexentry: eng/bring_a_knife_to_a_gunfight__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bring a knife to a gunfight
trans_list: przychodzić nieprzygotowany | przyjść nieprzygotowany
sense:
(idiomatic) To enter into a confrontation or other challenging situation without being adequately equipped or prepared.


lexentry: eng/bring_home_the_bacon__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bring home the bacon
trans_list: przynosić mamuta do domu
sense:
(idiomatic) To have employment which provides remuneration to satisfy the basic needs of oneself and one's family.


lexentry: eng/bring_to_justice__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bring to justice
trans_list: postawić przed sądem | stawiać przed sądem
sense:
(idiomatic) To cause a person alleged to have committed criminal acts to be brought to trial on the offenses.


lexentry: eng/bristle__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: bristle
trans_list: szczecina | sierść | włosie
sense:
The hairs or other filaments that make up a brush, broom, or similar item, typically made from plant cellulose, animal hairs, or synthetic polymers.


lexentry: eng/bristletail__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bristletail
trans_list: rybik cukrowy
sense:
Any of various small, active six-legged arthropods that have two or three bristles at the ends of their abdomens and that do not have wings. These were formerly classified together in the insect subclass Apterygota or the order Thysanura but are no longer considered closely related:


lexentry: eng/brittle_star__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brittle star
trans_list: wężowidło
sense:
Any of various echinoderms, of the class Ophiuroidea, that resemble starfish and have long, slender arms that regenerate when snapped off.


lexentry: eng/bro__Pronoun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bro
trans_list: brach | braciak
sense:
(originally, AAVE, Internet slang) A person previously mentioned, usually male. Chiefly equivalent to he and him.


lexentry: eng/broadband__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: broadband
trans_list: szerokopasmowy dostęp do Internetu
sense:
(Internet) An internet connection provisioned over an existing service using alternate signal frequencies such as ADSL or cable modem.


lexentry: eng/broadcast__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: broadcast
trans_list: emisja | nadawanie
sense:
A transmission of a radio or television programme intended to be received by anyone with a receiver.


lexentry: eng/broadcaster__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: broadcaster
trans_list: nadawca | nadawczyni
sense:
A person whose job it is to effect such broadcasts; specifically, one who presents radio or television programmes (especially documentaries or news programmes); a presenter.


lexentry: eng/broadcloth__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: broadcloth
trans_list: sukno
sense:
(historical) A fine smooth-faced woolen cloth for men’s garments, usually of double width (i.e., a yard and a half); so called in distinction from woolens three quarters of a yard wide.


lexentry: eng/broadleaf__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: broadleaf
trans_list: liść
sense:
Pertaining to trees with relatively broad, flat leaves as opposed to needles, or woodlands made up of such trees.


lexentry: eng/broadside__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: broadside
trans_list: salwa burtowa
sense:
(nautical) One side of a ship above the water line; all the guns on one side of a warship; their simultaneous firing.


lexentry: eng/brocade__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brocade
trans_list: brokat
sense:
(countable, uncountable) A thick heavy fabric into which raised patterns have been woven, originally in gold and silver; more recently any cloth incorporating raised, woven patterns.


lexentry: eng/broccoli__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: broccoli
trans_list: brokuł
sense:
A plant, Brassica oleracea var. italica, of the cabbage family, Brassicaceae; especially, the tree-shaped flower and stalk that are eaten as a vegetable.


lexentry: eng/brogue__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brogue
trans_list: dialekt
sense:
A strong dialectal accent. In Ireland it used to be a term for Irish spoken with a strong English accent, but gradually changed to mean English spoken with a strong Irish accent as English control of Ireland gradually increased and Irish waned as the standard language.


lexentry: eng/broiler__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: broiler
trans_list: grill
sense:
(cookware, North America) A device used to broil food; part of an oven or a small stove; known as a grill in British English.


lexentry: eng/brokenhearted__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brokenhearted
trans_list: mieć złamane serce
sense:
Grieved and disappointed, especially with the loss of a beloved person or thing, such as the repudiation of a romantic relationship.


lexentry: eng/brolga__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brolga
trans_list: Żuraw australijski
sense:
A large grey crane (Antigone rubicunda, syn. Grus rubicunda), of northern and eastern Australia. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/bromine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bromine
trans_list: brom
sense:
(uncountable) A nonmetallic chemical element (symbol Br) with an atomic number of 35; one of the halogens, it is a fuming red-brown liquid at room temperature.


lexentry: eng/bromoacetone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bromoacetone
trans_list: bromoaceton
sense:
(organic chemistry) The brominated derivative of acetone CH3-CO-CH2Br, once used as a lachrymatory agent


lexentry: eng/bromoform__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bromoform
trans_list: bromoform
sense:
(organic compound) The haloform CHBr3, a very heavy liquid that is the bromine analogue of chloroform.


lexentry: eng/bronchitis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bronchitis
trans_list: zapalenie oskrzeli | bronchit
sense:
(uncountable) An inflammation of the bronchi of the lungs, that causes the cilia of the bronchial epithelial cells to stop functioning.


lexentry: eng/bronze__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bronze
trans_list: brąz | brązy
sense:
(uncountable) A naturally occurring or man-made alloy of copper, usually in combination with tin, but also with one or more other metals.


lexentry: eng/brooch__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brooch
trans_list: brosza | broszka
sense:
A piece of ornamental jewellery having a pin allowing it to be fixed to garments worn on the upper body.


lexentry: eng/broom__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: broom
trans_list: miotła | szczotka
sense:
(countable) A domestic utensil with fibers bound together at the end of a long handle, used for sweeping.


lexentry: eng/broom__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: broom
trans_list: szczotka
sense:
(countable, curling) An implement with which players sweep the ice to make a stone travel further and curl less; a sweeper.


lexentry: eng/broom__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: broom
trans_list: miotła | janowiec | szczotka
sense:
Any of several yellow-flowered shrubs of the family Fabaceae, with long, stiff, thin branches and small or few leaves used for the domestic utensil.


lexentry: eng/brow_ridge__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brow ridge
trans_list: łuk brwiowy
sense:
a bony projection in humans and other primates located above eye sockets delimiting the bottom of the forehead


lexentry: eng/brown_bread__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brown bread
trans_list: ciemne pieczywo
sense:
Bread with a brown colour as distinct from white bread, wholemeal, granary or other specific types of bread.


lexentry: eng/brown_dwarf__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brown dwarf
trans_list: brązowy karzeł
sense:
(star) A starlike object that contracts to about the volume of Jupiter after its formation phase; its mass may range from several times that of Jupiter, such that it fuses deuterium, up to just below the threshold of sustained hydrogen fusion.


lexentry: eng/brown_hyena__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brown hyena
trans_list: hiena brunatna
sense:
A comparatively rare species of hyena, Hyaena brunnea, endemic to desert and semi-desert areas and open woodland savannahs of southern Africa.


lexentry: eng/brown_rice__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brown rice
trans_list: brązowy ryż
sense:
Rice with the brownish hull not polished off as in white rice. The hull contains important vitamins, including vitamin B complex, which are missing in white rice.


lexentry: eng/brown_shrike__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brown shrike
trans_list: dzierzba brązowa
sense:
Lanius cristatus, a bird in the shrike family (Lanius) that is found mainly in Asia. It is closely related to the red-backed shrike (L. collurio) and isabelline shrike (L. isabellinus).


lexentry: eng/brown_trout__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brown trout
trans_list: pstrąg
sense:
A nonmigratory freshwater trout of species Salmo trutta, with dark spotted skin, native to Europe and Asia.


lexentry: eng/brownie__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brownie
trans_list: brownie
sense:
(usually, countable, culinary, originally, US) A small square piece of rich cake, usually made with chocolate. [from 1897]


lexentry: eng/browse__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: browse
trans_list: przeglądać
sense:
To scan, to casually look through in order to find items of interest, especially without knowledge of what to look for beforehand.


lexentry: eng/browse__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: browse
trans_list: przeglądać
sense:
(transitive, computing) To navigate through hyperlinked documents on a computer, usually with a browser.


lexentry: eng/brucellosis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brucellosis
trans_list: bruceloza
sense:
(disease) Infection by a bacterium of the genus Brucella, which is carried by ruminants and other mammals, with symptoms include recurring fevers, sweating, weakness, anorexia, headaches, depression, and generalized aches and pains.


lexentry: eng/bruise__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bruise
trans_list: siniak | siniec | stłuczenie
sense:
A purplish mark on the skin due to leakage of blood from capillaries under the surface that have been damaged by a blow.


lexentry: eng/bruise__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bruise
trans_list: posiniaczyć | siniaczyć
sense:
(transitive) To strike (a person), originally with something flat or heavy, but now specifically in such a way as to discolour the skin without breaking it.


lexentry: eng/bruiser__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bruiser
trans_list: buchaj
sense:
(sports) In contact sports, an athlete whose size, strength, and/or aggressiveness make it likely that they will cause athletes on the opposing team to suffer physical punishment.


lexentry: eng/bruiser__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bruiser
trans_list: goryl
sense:
(by extension, colloquial, derogatory) A tall, strong, heavily built person, usually a man, especially one prone to physical violence; a strong and tough person.


lexentry: eng/brunch__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brunch
trans_list: brunch
sense:
A meal eaten later in the day than breakfast and earlier than lunch, and often consisting of typical foods from both of those meals.


lexentry: eng/brunette__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brunette
trans_list: brunetka | brunet | bruneta
sense:
A person, especially female, with brown or black hair and, often, dark eyes and darkish or olive skin.


lexentry: eng/brush__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brush
trans_list: szczotka | pędzel
sense:
An implement consisting of multiple more or less flexible bristles or other filaments attached to a handle, used for any of various purposes including cleaning, painting, and arranging hair.


lexentry: eng/brush__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: brush
trans_list: szczotka
sense:
A piece of conductive material, usually carbon, serving to maintain electrical contact between the stationary and rotating parts of a machine.


lexentry: eng/brute__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: brute
trans_list: brutal | bestia
sense:
A person with the characteristics of an unthinking animal; a coarse or brutal person. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/bruxism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bruxism
trans_list: bruksizm
sense:
(dentistry) The habit or practice of grinding the teeth, as while sleeping, or due to stress or certain drugs.


lexentry: eng/bryophyte__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bryophyte
trans_list: bagno
sense:
(botany) Any plant of the division Bryophyta, defined sensu lato to comprise the mosses, liverworts and hornworts and corresponding to all embryophytes that are not vascular plants.


lexentry: eng/bubble_wrap__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bubble wrap
trans_list: folia bąbelkowa | folia pęcherzykowa
sense:
Cushioning material consisting of small spheres of air trapped in plastic, sold on long rolls for tearing off, and used as packaging for fragile items.


lexentry: eng/bubblegum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bubblegum
trans_list: balonówka | guma balonowa
sense:
(usually, _, uncountable) A sweet chewing gum formulated to be stretchy so the chewer can blow bubbles with it.


lexentry: eng/bubo__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bubo
trans_list: dymienica
sense:
(pathology) An inflamed swelling of a lymph node, especially in the armpit or groin, due to an infection such as bubonic plague, gonorrhea, tuberculosis, or syphilis.


lexentry: eng/bubonic_plague__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bubonic plague
trans_list: dżuma dymienicza
sense:
(disease) A contagious, often fatal, epidemic disease caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis, transmitted by the bite of fleas from an infected person or rodent, especially a rat, and characterized by delirium, chills, fever, vomiting, diarrhea, and the formation of buboes.


lexentry: eng/buccal__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: buccal
trans_list: policzkowy
sense:
(pharmacology) Administered in the mouth, not by swallowing but by absorption through the skin of the cheek; often by placing between the top gum and the inside of the lip.


lexentry: eng/buccaneer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: buccaneer
trans_list: bukanier | kaper | korsarz
sense:
(nautical) Any of a group of seamen who cruised on their own account on the Spanish Main and in the Pacific in the 17th century, who were similar to pirates but did not prey on ships of their own nation.


lexentry: eng/buckbean__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: buckbean
trans_list: bobrek trójlistkowy | trójliść
sense:
A plant of speciesMenyanthes trifoliata, with racemes of white or reddish flowers and intensely bitter leaves, sometimes used in medicine.


lexentry: eng/buckle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: buckle
trans_list: sprzączka | klamra
sense:
A metal clasp with a hinged tongue or a spike through which a belt or strap is passed and penetrated by the tongue or spike, in order to fasten the ends of the belt together or to secure the strap to something else.


lexentry: eng/buckle_down__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: buckle down
trans_list: przykładać się | przysiąść sadła | przyłożyć się
sense:
(intransitive, originally, US, idiomatic) To apply oneself to study, or a task or work; to focus on or take a serious attitude towards something; to put forth the needed effort.


lexentry: eng/buckler__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: buckler
trans_list: puklerz
sense:
(obsolete) A shield resembling the Roman scutum. In modern usage, a smaller variety of shield is usually implied by this term.


lexentry: eng/buckram__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: buckram
trans_list: kula
sense:
A coarse cloth of cotton, linen or hemp, stiffened with size or glue, used in bookbinding to cover and protect the books, in garments to keep them in the form intended, and for wrappers to cover merchandise.


lexentry: eng/buckshot__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: buckshot
trans_list: śrut gruby
sense:
(chiefly, US) Lead shot used in shotgun cartridges, made of larger pellets than birdshot and suitable for hunting larger game. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]


lexentry: eng/budgerigar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: budgerigar
trans_list: papużka falista
sense:
A species of small green parrot, Melopsittacus undulatus, native to inland Australia; a common cagebird throughout the world and bred in many colour varieties.


lexentry: eng/budyonovka__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: budyonovka
trans_list: budionowka
sense:
(history) a distinctive type of hat and an essential part of the Red Army uniform during the Russian Civil War and later


lexentry: eng/buffalo__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: buffalo
trans_list: bawół | bawolica
sense:
An animal from the subtribe Bubalina, also known as true buffalos, such as the Cape buffalo, Syncerus caffer, or the water buffalo, Bubalus bubalis.


lexentry: eng/buffer__Noun__2
sense_num: 03
written_rep: buffer
trans_list: bufor
sense:
(telecommunications) A routine or storage medium used to compensate for a difference in rate of flow of data, or time of occurrence of events, when transferring data from one device to another.


lexentry: eng/bug__Noun__1
sense_num: 14
written_rep: bug
trans_list: logo
sense:
(broadcasting) A small, usually transparent or translucent image placed in a corner of a television program to identify the broadcasting network or cable channel.


lexentry: eng/bug__Noun__1
sense_num: 26
written_rep: bug
trans_list: owad | insekt | robak | robal
sense:
(gambling, slang) A metal clip attached to the underside of a table, etc. to hold hidden cards, as a form of cheating.


lexentry: eng/bugbear__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: bugbear
trans_list: skrzat
sense:
(archaic, folklore) A generic creature, often described as a large goblin, meant to inspire fear in children.


lexentry: eng/bugger__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: bugger
trans_list: skurwysyn
sense:
(slang, UK, Ireland, Australia, New Zealand, Hawaii, Commonwealth) Someone viewed with affection; a chap.


lexentry: eng/bugger_off__Interjection__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bugger off
trans_list: cholera
sense:
(idiomatic, vulgar, UK, Australia, New Zealand, Ireland, emphatic ) An expression of disagreement or disbelief.


lexentry: eng/bughouse_chess__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bughouse chess
trans_list: kloc
sense:
A variant of chess played on two chessboards by four players in teams of two. Each player plays the other colour of pieces than their teammate, to whom they pass the pieces they capture from their opponent. The teammate can then choose to put one of these pieces on their board as an alternative way of making a move.


lexentry: eng/bugle__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bugle
trans_list: róg
sense:
A simple brass instrument consisting of a horn with no valves, playing only pitches in its harmonic series


lexentry: eng/bugle__Noun__3
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bugle
trans_list: dąbrówka
sense:
A plant in the family Lamiaceae grown as a ground cover Ajuga reptans, and other plants in the genus Ajuga.


lexentry: eng/build__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: build
trans_list: budowa ciała
sense:
(countable, uncountable) The physique of a human or animal body, or other object; constitution or structure.


lexentry: eng/build__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: build
trans_list: kompilacja
sense:
(computing, countable) Any of various versions of a software product as it is being developed for release to users.


lexentry: eng/build_bridges__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: build bridges
trans_list: budować mosty
sense:
(intransitive, idiomatic) Often followed by between or to: to establish friendly relations or links.


lexentry: eng/build_castles_in_the_air__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: build castles in the air
trans_list: budować zamki na lodzie
sense:
(transitive, idiomatic) To have any desire, idea, or plan that is unlikely to be realized; to imagine visionary projects or schemes; to have an idle fancy or a pipe dream; to daydream.


lexentry: eng/builder's_cleavage__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: builder's cleavage
trans_list: dekolt hydraulika
sense:
(chiefly, British) the top of the buttocks showing when a pair of trousers are worn too low, or when the wearer is bending over.


lexentry: eng/building_site__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: building site
trans_list: budowa | plac budowy
sense:
(construction) The site, the place where a building is located, is currently under construction, or shall be constructed (including structures other than buildings).


lexentry: eng/bulbul__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bulbul
trans_list: bilbil
sense:
Any of several passerine songbirds, of the family Pycnonotidae (currently, 27 genera recognized), native to Africa and parts of Asia, sometimes known as the ‘nightingale of the East’.


lexentry: eng/bulge__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bulge
trans_list: wypukłość
sense:
Something sticking out from a surface; a swelling, protuberant part; a bending outward, especially when caused by pressure.


lexentry: eng/bulimia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bulimia
trans_list: bulimia nervosa | żarłoczność psychiczna
sense:
(pathology) A chronic eating disorder characterized by a binge-and-purge cycle: extreme overeating followed by self-induced vomiting.


lexentry: eng/bulkhead__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bulkhead
trans_list: gródź
sense:
(nautical) A vertical partition dividing the hull into separate compartments; often made watertight to prevent excessive flooding if the ship's hull is breached.


lexentry: eng/bull_market__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bull market
trans_list: hossa
sense:
(finance) A stock market where a majority of investors are buying ("bulls"), causing overall stock prices to rise.


lexentry: eng/bulldog__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bulldog
trans_list: buldog
sense:
A breed of dog developed in England by the crossing of the bullbaiting dog and the Pug to produce a ladies' companion dog, having a very smooth coat, a flattened face, wrinkly cheeks, powerful front legs, and smaller hind legs.


lexentry: eng/bulldozer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bulldozer
trans_list: buldożer | spychacz | spycharka
sense:
A tractor with an attached blade for pushing earth and building debris for coarse preliminary surface grading, demolishing building structures, etc.


lexentry: eng/bullet__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bullet
trans_list: kula | pocisk
sense:
(informal) An entire round of unfired ammunition for a firearm, including the projectile, the cartridge casing, the propellant charge, etc.


lexentry: eng/bullion__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bullion
trans_list: sztaba
sense:
A bulk quantity of precious metal, usually gold or silver, assessed by weight and typically cast as ingots.


lexentry: eng/bullionism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bullionism
trans_list: bulionizm
sense:
(economics, historical) An economic theory that defines wealth by the amount of precious metals owned; a primitive form of mercantilism.


lexentry: eng/bullroarer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bullroarer
trans_list: czurynga
sense:
A ritual musical instrument and means of communicating over extended distances, consisting of a slat of wood tied to the end of a thong or string, with which the slat is whirled so as to cause an intermittent roaring noise.


lexentry: eng/bullshit__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bullshit
trans_list: bzdura | gówno prawda | pieprzenie | pierdolenie | pierdoły | pierdzielenie o Chopinie
sense:
(vulgar, slang, usual sense) Statements that are false or exaggerated to impress or cheat the listener.


lexentry: eng/bulrush__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: bulrush
trans_list: sitowie
sense:
(AU) Any of various reed-like plants growing near water, especially Typha domingensis and Typha orientalis; cumbungi, wonga. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/bum_wine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bum wine
trans_list: alpaga | bełt | jabol | mamrot | siara | żur
sense:
(colloquial, pejorative) Cheap wine of very low quality, sold solely for the purposes of intoxication.


lexentry: eng/bumfuck_nowhere__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bumfuck nowhere
trans_list: zadupie | pierdziszewo | wypiździejewo
sense:
(vulgar) The middle of nowhere; a nondescript, isolated, and underdeveloped locale whose precise location may be difficult to ascertain.


lexentry: eng/bump__Noun__1
sense_num: 18
written_rep: bump
trans_list: bum | łup
sense:
(card games) In the game of khanhoo, the act of claiming a newly discarded card when it is not one's turn, permitted when one can use the card to form a meld other than a sequence.


lexentry: eng/bumper__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: bumper
trans_list: zderzak
sense:
(automotive) Parts at the front and back of a vehicle which are meant to absorb the impact of a collision; fender.


lexentry: eng/bunch__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bunch
trans_list: kiść | grono | bukiet | pęk
sense:
A group of similar things, either growing together, or in a cluster or clump, usually fastened together.


lexentry: eng/bungalow__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bungalow
trans_list: bungalow
sense:
A thatched or tiled one-story house in India surrounded by a wide veranda; a similar house in this style.


lexentry: eng/bungle__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bungle
trans_list: amatorstwo | amatorszczyzna
sense:
(transitive) To incompetently perform (a task); to ruin (something) through incompetent action; to botch up, to bumble.


lexentry: eng/bunion__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bunion
trans_list: haluks | paluch koślawy | halluks
sense:
(pathology) A bump or bulge on the first joint of the big toe caused by the swelling of a sac of fluid under the skin.


lexentry: eng/bunk_bed__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bunk bed
trans_list: łóżko piętrowe
sense:
Two or more beds fixed on top of one another, so that one person can sleep in each bunk at a different height.


lexentry: eng/bunker__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bunker
trans_list: bunkier | schron
sense:
(military) A hardened shelter, often partly buried or fully underground, designed to protect the inhabitants from falling bombs or other attacks.


lexentry: eng/bunny_girl__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bunny girl
trans_list: króliczek
sense:
(slang) A club hostess or other female entertainer wearing a sexually provocative outfit with rabbit-like ears and tail.


lexentry: eng/bunting__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bunting
trans_list: trznadel
sense:
Any of various songbirds, mostly of the genus Emberiza, having short bills and brown or gray plumage.


lexentry: eng/buoy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: buoy
trans_list: boja | pława
sense:
(nautical) A float moored in water to mark a location, warn of danger, indicate a navigational channel or for other purposes


lexentry: eng/bur-reed__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bur-reed
trans_list: jeżogłówka
sense:
A group (genus Sparganium) of widespread flowering perennial marsh plants widespread in wet areas in temperate regions.


lexentry: eng/burbot__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: burbot
trans_list: miętus
sense:
A freshwater fish, taxonomic name Lota lota, which is similar to the ling and the cusk and spawns in the winter.


lexentry: eng/burden_of_proof__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: burden of proof
trans_list: ciężar dowodu
sense:
(legal) The duty of a party in a legal proceeding to prove an assertion of fact; it includes both the burden of production and the burden of persuasion; the onus probandi.


lexentry: eng/burden_of_proof__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: burden of proof
trans_list: ciężar dowodu
sense:
(epistemology) The obligation of the person making a claim in a dispute to provide sufficient evidence for their position.


lexentry: eng/bureau__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: bureau
trans_list: biurko | biurka
sense:
(chiefly, British) A desk, usually with a cover and compartments that are located above the level of the writing surface rather than underneath, and often used for storing papers.


lexentry: eng/bureaucracy__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bureaucracy
trans_list: biurokracja | biuralizm
sense:
(business, organizational theory) A system of administration based upon organisation into bureaus, division of labour, a hierarchy of authority, etc., designed to dispose of a large body of work in a routine manner.


lexentry: eng/burette__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: burette
trans_list: biureta
sense:
(chemistry) A glass tube with fine gradations and a stopcock at the bottom, used in laboratory procedures for accurate fluid dispensing and titration.


lexentry: eng/burgee__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: burgee
trans_list: proporzec
sense:
A flag, usually a broad tapering pennant, often with a swallowtail, flown by yachts to identify the owner's yacht club.


lexentry: eng/burglary__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: burglary
trans_list: kradzież z włamaniem
sense:
(law) Under the common law, breaking and entering of the dwelling of another at night with the intent to commit a felony.


lexentry: eng/burglary__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: burglary
trans_list: kradzież z włamaniem
sense:
The crime of unlawfully breaking into a vehicle, house, store, or other enclosure with the intent to steal.


lexentry: eng/burgomaster__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: burgomaster
trans_list: burmistrz
sense:
The mayor, or head magistrate, of a town in the Netherlands, Belgium, Germany and certain other countries.


lexentry: eng/burgrave__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: burgrave
trans_list: burgrabia
sense:
(historical) The military governor of a town or castle in the Middle Ages, especially in German-speaking Europe; a nobleman of the same status.


lexentry: eng/burka__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: burka
trans_list: burka
sense:
A Central Asian garment that covers the whole body, which has a net screen covering the eyes so they cannot be seen, and is worn by women.


lexentry: eng/burlesque__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: burlesque
trans_list: burleska
sense:
A variety adult entertainment show, usually including titillation such as striptease, most common from the 1880s to the 1930s.


lexentry: eng/burn__Verb__1
sense_num: 09
written_rep: burn
trans_list: pojazd | wjazd
sense:
(transitive) To consume, damage, or change the condition of, as if by action of fire or heat; to affect as fire or heat does.


lexentry: eng/burn__Verb__1
sense_num: 11
written_rep: burn
trans_list: palić | płonąć | oparzyć | spalić się | spalić | przypalić się
sense:
(chemistry, transitive) To cause to combine with oxygen or other active agent, with evolution of heat; to consume; to oxidize.


lexentry: eng/burn__Verb__1
sense_num: 13
written_rep: burn
trans_list: wypalać | nagrywać | wypalić
sense:
(transitive, computing) To write data to a permanent storage medium like a compact disc or a ROM chip.


lexentry: eng/burn_one's_bridges__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: burn one's bridges
trans_list: palić za sobą mosty
sense:
(idiomatic) To destroy one's path, connections, reputation, opportunities, etc., particularly intentionally.


lexentry: eng/burn_phone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: burn phone
trans_list: jednorazowy telefon | telefon na kartę
sense:
(informal) A cell phone bought anonymously with cash, used for only a short time and then thrown away, usually used as a means of conducting illegal business or harassment without being traceable to the purchaser.


lexentry: eng/burn_the_candle_at_both_ends__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: burn the candle at both ends
trans_list: pracować od świtu do nocy
sense:
(idiomatic) To work hard night and day; to sleep late and wake up early; to overwork or overexert oneself.


lexentry: eng/burnet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: burnet
trans_list: krwiściąg
sense:
Any of the herbs of genus Sanguisorba (syn. Poterium), including salad burnet (Sanguisorba minor), an herb used in salads and herbal teas.


lexentry: eng/burning_bush__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: burning bush
trans_list: krzew gorejący
sense:
(Judaism, Christianity) A biblical object described in Exodus 3:1-22, used by Yahweh to communicate with Moses.


lexentry: eng/burnish__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: burnish
trans_list: polerować | wypolerować
sense:
To make (something, such as a surface) bright, shiny, and smooth by, or (by extension) as if by, rubbing; to polish, to shine.


lexentry: eng/buro__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: buro
trans_list: biurko
sense:
a desk, usually with a cover and compartments for storing papers etc. located above the level of the writing surface rather than underneath.


lexentry: eng/burqini__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: burqini
trans_list: burkini
sense:
A head-to-toe swimsuit, enabling women to conform to the Islamic dress code when bathing on a public beach.


lexentry: eng/burrito__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: burrito
trans_list: burito | burrito
sense:
A Mexican dish consisting of a flour tortilla wrapped around a filling of meat and/or beans, cheese etc.


lexentry: eng/bursa__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bursa
trans_list: kaletka | kaletka maziowa
sense:
(anatomy) Any of the many small fluid-filled sacs located at the point where a muscle or tendon slides across bone. These sacs serve to reduce friction between the two moving surfaces.


lexentry: eng/bury__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: bury
trans_list: zakopywać | zakopać
sense:
(transitive, often, figurative) To hide or conceal as if by covering with earth or another substance.


lexentry: eng/bus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bus
trans_list: autobus | autokar
sense:
(automotive) A motor vehicle for transporting large numbers of people along roads; by extension, the driver of said vehicle


lexentry: eng/bus__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bus
trans_list: magistrala | szyna
sense:
An electrical conductor or interface serving as a common connection for two or more circuits or components.


lexentry: eng/bus_shelter__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bus shelter
trans_list: wiata przystankowa
sense:
A building or other structure constructed at a bus stop, to provide seating and protection from the weather for the convenience of waiting passengers.


lexentry: eng/busbar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: busbar
trans_list: szyna prądowa | szynoprzewód
sense:
An electrical conductor that carries a large current, especially one that is part of a power distribution system; typically a thick strip, or a tube, of copper or aluminium.


lexentry: eng/bush__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bush
trans_list: krzew | krzak
sense:
(horticulture) A woody plant distinguished from a tree by its multiple stems and lower height, being usually less than six metres tall; a horticultural rather than strictly botanical category.


lexentry: eng/bush_hammer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bush hammer
trans_list: groszkownik
sense:
A square-headed hammer with spikes used in stoneworking to either even the surface before polishing, or give it a pockmarked and weathered aspect.


lexentry: eng/bushido__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bushido
trans_list: bushido
sense:
An ethical code of the samurai that was prevalent in feudal Japan that advocated unquestioning loyalty to the master at all costs and obedience in all deeds, valuing honor above life.


lexentry: eng/business__Noun__1
sense_num: 12
written_rep: business
trans_list: biznes
sense:
(travel, uncountable) Business class, the class of seating provided by airlines between first class and coach.


lexentry: eng/business_administration__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: business administration
trans_list: administracja
sense:
(business, education) A course of study in higher education intended to prepare the students for a career in business.


lexentry: eng/business_analyst__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: business analyst
trans_list: analityk biznesowy
sense:
(business, operations) A person who analyzes the operations of an organization in order to develop a solution to its problems.


lexentry: eng/business_before_pleasure__Proverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: business before pleasure
trans_list: służba nie drużba
sense:
Discharging one's obligations must take precedence over devoting time to pursuits meant solely for one's own gratification.


lexentry: eng/business_card__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: business card
trans_list: wizytówka | karta wizytowa | bilet wizytowy
sense:
A small card with a person's name and professional information (such as occupation, business phone number, e-mail address, etc.).


lexentry: eng/business_class__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: business class
trans_list: klasa biznes
sense:
A high-quality class of travelling (especially in airlines), higher than economy class or budget, lower than first class.


lexentry: eng/business_intelligence__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: business intelligence
trans_list: analityka biznesowa
sense:
A set of techniques and tools for the acquisition and transformation of raw data into meaningful and useful information for business analysis purposes.


lexentry: eng/business_model__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: business model
trans_list: model biznesowy
sense:
The particular way in which a business ensures that it generates income, one that includes the choice of offerings, strategies, infrastructure, organizational structures, trading practices, and operational processes and policies.


lexentry: eng/business_park__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: business park
trans_list: park biznesu
sense:
An area of land consisting solely of commercial buildings and enterprises, as opposed to industrial or residential concerns.


lexentry: eng/business_plan__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: business plan
trans_list: biznesplan
sense:
(business) A summary of how a business owner, manager, or entrepreneur intends to organize an entrepreneurial endeavor and implement activities necessary and sufficient for the venture to succeed.


lexentry: eng/bustard__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bustard
trans_list: drop
sense:
Any of several large terrestrial birds of the family Otididae that inhabit dry open country and steppes in the Old World.


lexentry: eng/buster__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: buster
trans_list: idiota
sense:
(chiefly, colloquial, with 'of') Someone who or something that 'breaks', tames, or overpowers a specified person or thing.


lexentry: eng/buster__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: buster
trans_list: chłop
sense:
(colloquial, variously expressing familiarity, admiration, or hostility) A form of address, particularly of men: guy, dude, fella, mack, buddy, loser. (Originally as 'old buster.)


lexentry: eng/but__Conjunction__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: but
trans_list: ale | chociaż
sense:
However, although, nevertheless, on the other hand (introducing a clause contrary to prior belief or in contrast with the preceding clause or sentence).


lexentry: eng/but__Conjunction__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: but
trans_list: oprócz | z wyjątkiem
sense:
Except that (introducing a subordinate clause which qualifies a negative statement); also, with omission of the subject of the subordinate clause, acting as a negative relative, "except one that", "except such that".


lexentry: eng/butane__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: butane
trans_list: butan
sense:
(organic compound) A hydrocarbon (either of the two isomers of C4H10 n-butane, and 2-methyl-propane) found in gaseous petroleum fractions.


lexentry: eng/butler__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: butler
trans_list: kamerdyner
sense:
The chief male servant of a household who has charge of other employees, receives guests, directs the serving of meals, and performs various personal services.


lexentry: eng/butt__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: butt
trans_list: kolba
sense:
(countable) The larger or thicker end of something; the blunt end, in distinction from the sharp or narrow end


lexentry: eng/butt_in__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: butt in
trans_list: zakłócić
sense:
(idiomatic, informal) To join a conversation or situation in which one is not welcome or invited; to interject (connotes a rude or discourteous interruption).


lexentry: eng/butter__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: butter
trans_list: masło
sense:
Any of various foodstuffs made from other foods or oils, similar in consistency to, eaten like or intended as a substitute for butter (preceded by the name of the food used to make it).


lexentry: eng/butter__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: butter
trans_list: smarować masłem
sense:
(skiing, snowboarding) To move one's weight backwards or forwards onto the tips or tails of one's skis or snowboard so only the tip or tail is in contact with the snow. Similar to applying butter to bread with then end of a butterknife.


lexentry: eng/butter_dish__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: butter dish
trans_list: maselniczka
sense:
A specialised dish for serving butter. It typically has a base with a separate fitting lid with its own handle.


lexentry: eng/butter_knife__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: butter knife
trans_list: nóż do masła
sense:
A non-serrated or unilaterally serrated table knife with a dull edge and rounded point, designed for spreading butter on a piece of bread without tearing it.


lexentry: eng/butterbur__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: butterbur
trans_list: lepiężnik
sense:
Any of several Eurasian herbs, of the genus Petasites, having dense clusters of often purple flowers.


lexentry: eng/butterfish__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: butterfish
trans_list: teista
sense:
A rock gunnel, Pholis gunnellus, an eel-like fish found in the intertidal and subtidal zones of the North Atlantic.


lexentry: eng/butterfly__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: butterfly
trans_list: motyl
sense:
A flying insect of the order Lepidoptera, distinguished from moths by their diurnal activity and generally brighter colouring. [from 11th c.]


lexentry: eng/butterfly_stroke__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: butterfly stroke
trans_list: delfin | motyl | motylek | styl motylkowy | delfinek
sense:
A swimming stroke in which the body is prone, the arms are moved in simultaneous circles, and the feet are kicked up and down.


lexentry: eng/buttermilk__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: buttermilk
trans_list: maślanka
sense:
The liquid left over after producing butter from full cream milk by the churning process, also called traditional buttermilk.


lexentry: eng/butthead__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: butthead
trans_list: idiota
sense:
(sometimes, _, vulgar, colloquial, pejorative) An annoying person or someone who is difficult to get along with.


lexentry: eng/buttock__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: buttock
trans_list: pośladek
sense:
(usually, in the plural) Each of the two large fleshy halves of the posterior part of the body between the base of the back, the perineum and the top of the legs.


lexentry: eng/button__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: button
trans_list: guzik
sense:
A knob or disc that is passed through a loop or (buttonhole), serving as a fastener. [from mid-13th c.]


lexentry: eng/button__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: button
trans_list: guzik | przycisk
sense:
A mechanical device meant to be pressed with a finger in order to open or close an electric circuit or to activate a mechanism.


lexentry: eng/button__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: button
trans_list: przycisk | guzik
sense:
(graphical user interface) An on-screen control that can be selected as an activator of an attached function.


lexentry: eng/butyl__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: butyl
trans_list: butyl
sense:
(organic chemistry) Any of four isomeric univalent hydrocarbon radicals, C4H9, formally derived from butane by the loss of a hydrogen atom.


lexentry: eng/butyric_acid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: butyric acid
trans_list: kwas masłowy
sense:
(organic compound) Either of the two isomeric carboxylic acids, normal butyric acid and isobutyric acid, with the chemical formula C3H7COOH, occurring in animal milk fat.


lexentry: eng/buy__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: buy
trans_list: kupować | kupić | nabywać | nabyć
sense:
(transitive, archaic) To suffer consequences for (something) through being deprived of something; to pay for (something one has done).


lexentry: eng/buyer's_remorse__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: buyer's remorse
trans_list: wyrzuty sumienia po zakupie
sense:
A feeling of anxiety or regret after making, or after promising to make, a purchase, especially a purchase encouraged by a high-pressure sales pitch.


lexentry: eng/buzz__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: buzz
trans_list: bzykać | bzyczeć | bzyknąć | bąkać | bąknąć
sense:
(intransitive) To make a low, continuous, humming or sibilant sound, like that made by bees with their wings.


lexentry: eng/buzzard__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: buzzard
trans_list: piernik | zgred
sense:
(colloquial, derogatory, slang, often preceded by "old", the "old buzzard") In North America, a curmudgeonly or cantankerous man; an old person; a mean, greedy person.


lexentry: eng/buzzword__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: buzzword
trans_list: buzzword
sense:
(pejorative) A word drawn from, or imitative of, technical jargon, used more to impress others than to convey meaning.


lexentry: eng/by_a_long_shot__Prepositional_phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: by a long shot
trans_list: jeszcze
sense:
(idiomatic, usually, with a negative) By a wide margin; indicates a very big difference or disparity.


lexentry: eng/by_right__Prepositional_phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: by right
trans_list: zgodnie z prawem
sense:
According to what is right, or what one is legally or morally entitled to; justly, properly, rightfully.


lexentry: eng/by_the_way__Prepositional_phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: by the way
trans_list: nawiasem mówiąc | przy okazji | à propos | na marginesie | swoją drogą | tak w ogóle
sense:
(conjunctive, idiomatic) Incidentally; used in referencing a parenthetical statement not timely, central, or crucial to the topic at hand; foregone, passed by, something that has already happened.


lexentry: eng/by_virtue_of__Preposition__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: by virtue of
trans_list: z racji
sense:
(idiomatic) (originally) By the authority or power of; (now) because of; on the grounds of; by reason of.


lexentry: eng/by_way_of__Phrase__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: by way of
trans_list: drogą
sense:
(UK, often followed by being) Possessing the characteristics, nature, or standing of; in the state or condition of.


lexentry: eng/bypass__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: bypass
trans_list: bajpas
sense:
(medicine) An alternative passage created to divert a bodily fluid around a damaged organ; the surgical procedure to construct such a bypass.


lexentry: eng/byssus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: byssus
trans_list: bisior
sense:
The long fine silky filaments excreted by several mollusks (particularly Pinna nobilis) by which they attach themselves to the sea bed, and from which sea silk is manufactured.


lexentry: eng/bystander__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bystander
trans_list: naoczny świadek
sense:
A person who, although present at some event, does not take part in it; an observer, witness, or spectator.


lexentry: eng/byte__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: byte
trans_list: bajt
sense:
(computing) A short sequence of bits (binary digits) that can be operated on as a unit by a computer; the smallest usable machine word.


lexentry: eng/byte__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: byte
trans_list: bajt
sense:
(computing, most commonly) A unit of computing storage equal to eight bits, which can represent any of 256 distinct values.


lexentry: eng/béarnaise_sauce__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: béarnaise sauce
trans_list: sos bearneński
sense:
(cooking) A sauce made of clarified butter emulsified in egg yolks and white wine vinegar and flavored with herbs.


lexentry: eng/bête_noire__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bête noire
trans_list: czarny lud
sense:
An anathema; someone or something which is particularly disliked or avoided; an object of aversion, the bane of one’s existence.


lexentry: eng/cabaret__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cabaret
trans_list: kabaret
sense:
Live entertainment held in a restaurant or nightclub; the genre of music associated with this form of entertainment, especially in early 20th century Europe.


lexentry: eng/cabbage_white__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cabbage white
trans_list: bielinek kapustnik | kapustnik
sense:
(entomology) Any of various largely white butterflies with dark markings in the family Pieridae, especially the species Pieris brassicae, Pieris canidia, and Pieris rapae.


lexentry: eng/cabin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cabin
trans_list: chata
sense:
(US) A small dwelling characteristic of the frontier, especially when built from logs with simple tools and not constructed by professional builders, but by those who meant to live in it.


lexentry: eng/cabin__Noun__1
sense_num: 09
written_rep: cabin
trans_list: kabina
sense:
(Indian English) A private office; particularly of a doctor, businessman, lawyer, or other professional.


lexentry: eng/cabin_boy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cabin boy
trans_list: chłopiec okrętowy
sense:
(dated) A boy or young man who is employed to serve as an attendant for passengers or crew members on a ship.


lexentry: eng/cabin_crew__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cabin crew
trans_list: steward
sense:
(aviation) The members of staff aboard a commercial aircraft, employed to ensure the safety and comfort of their passengers.


lexentry: eng/cabinet__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: cabinet
trans_list: gabinet | rada ministrów | rząd
sense:
(politics, often, capitalized) In parliamentary and some other systems of government, the group of ministers responsible for creating government policy and for overseeing the departments comprising the executive branch.


lexentry: eng/cabinet_minister__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cabinet minister
trans_list: minister
sense:
(politics) A member of the executive branch of a government who has been appointed to the cabinet, the group of leading policy makers, advisers, and overseers of governmental departments who report to the prime minister.


lexentry: eng/cable__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cable
trans_list: kabel | przewód
sense:
An assembly of two or more wires, used for electrical power or data circuits; one or more and/or the whole may be insulated.


lexentry: eng/cable_internet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cable internet
trans_list: internet kablowy
sense:
Internet connectivity received through coaxial cables, usually via the same medium as cable television.


lexentry: eng/cable_modem__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cable modem
trans_list: modem kablowy
sense:
(Internet) A modem that provides data communication via radio frequency channels over any of a variety of cable types to establish a cable internet connection.


lexentry: eng/cable_television__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cable television
trans_list: kablówka | telewizja kablowa
sense:
Television received through coaxial cables; specifically, a TV service that provides reception to suburbs or other residential areas through utility lines and offering a wide variety of TV channels through satellite reception.


lexentry: eng/cache-sexe__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cache-sexe
trans_list: przepaska
sense:
An article of clothing sufficient to cover the genitalia, primarily as used by an exotic dancer or in certain aboriginal cultures.


lexentry: eng/cache__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cache
trans_list: pamięć podręczna | bufor | schowek | cache
sense:
(computing) A fast temporary storage where recently or frequently used information is stored to avoid having to reload it from a slower storage medium.


lexentry: eng/cachexia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cachexia
trans_list: charłactwo | kacheksja | wyniszczenie
sense:
(pathology) A systemic wasting of muscle tissue, with or without loss of fat mass, that accompanies a chronic disease. [from mid 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/cacique__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: cacique
trans_list: kacyk
sense:
(ornithology) Any of a number of tropical blackbirds from Central America and South America, family Icteridae.


lexentry: eng/cackling_goose__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cackling goose
trans_list: bernikla północna
sense:
Branta hutchinsii, a North American bird of the genus Branta of black geese, which contains species with largely black plumage, distinguishing them from the grey Anser species.


lexentry: eng/cactus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cactus
trans_list: kaktus
sense:
(botany) Any member of the family Cactaceae, a family of flowering New World succulent plants suited to a hot, semi-desert climate.


lexentry: eng/cad__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cad
trans_list: łajdak
sense:
A low-bred, presuming person; a mean, vulgar fellow, especially one that cannot be trusted with a lady.


lexentry: eng/cad__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cad
trans_list: konduktor
sense:
(archaic) A person who stands at the door of an omnibus to open and shut it, and to receive fares; a bus conductor.


lexentry: eng/cadastre__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cadastre
trans_list: kataster
sense:
(cartography) A public survey of land, originally for the purpose of taxation and to create an official register of land ownership.


lexentry: eng/cadaverine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cadaverine
trans_list: kadaweryna
sense:
A foul-smelling diamine produced by protein hydrolysis during putrefaction of animal tissue. Cadaverine is a toxic diamine with the formula NH2(CH2)5NH2.


lexentry: eng/caddie__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: caddie
trans_list: caddie | caddy
sense:
(by extension, golf, also, attributively) A person hired to assist a golfer by carrying their golf clubs and providing advice.


lexentry: eng/caddis_fly__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caddis fly
trans_list: chruścik
sense:
Any insect, of the order Trichoptera, having two pairs of hairy wings; they are found near lakes and streams.


lexentry: eng/caddy__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: caddy
trans_list: stocznia
sense:
A movable tray or other mechanism for holding (sometimes within a piece of equipment or machinery), securing, and transporting a removable component.


lexentry: eng/cadence__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: cadence
trans_list: kadencja
sense:
(music) A progression of at least two chords which conclude a piece of music, section or musical phrases within it. Sometimes referred to analogously as musical punctuation.


lexentry: eng/cadenza__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cadenza
trans_list: kadencja
sense:
(music) A part of a piece of music, such as a concerto, that is very decorative and is played by a single musician.


lexentry: eng/cadge__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cadge
trans_list: wycyganiać | wycyganić | wykusić | wyłudzać | wyłudzić
sense:
(US, British, slang) To obtain something by wit or guile; to convince people to do something they might not normally do.


lexentry: eng/cadre__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cadre
trans_list: kadra
sense:
(military) The framework or skeleton upon which a new regiment is to be formed; the officers of a regiment forming the staff.


lexentry: eng/caduceus__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: caduceus
trans_list: kaduceusz | kerykejon
sense:
A symbol (☤) representing a staff with two snakes wrapped around it, used to indicate merchants and messengers. It is also sometimes incorrectly substituted for the rod of Asclepius as a symbol of medicine.


lexentry: eng/caecum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caecum
trans_list: jelito ślepe
sense:
(anatomy) A cavity open at one end (such as the blind end of a duct), especially a blind pouch connected to the large intestine between the ileum and the colon.


lexentry: eng/caesaropapism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caesaropapism
trans_list: cezaropapizm
sense:
(government, religion) The combination of state (originally imperial) power with religious authority; state authority over ecclesiastical matters.


lexentry: eng/caesium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caesium
trans_list: cez
sense:
The chemical element (symbol Cs) with an atomic number of 55. It is a soft, gold-colored, highly reactive alkali metal.


lexentry: eng/cafeteria__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cafeteria
trans_list: kafeteria | stołówka
sense:
(chiefly, US, Canada) A restaurant in which customers select their food at a counter then carry it on a tray to a table to eat.


lexentry: eng/cafeteria__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cafeteria
trans_list: stołówka
sense:
(chiefly, US, Canada) A dining area in an institution where meals may be purchased (as above), provided, or brought in from elsewhere.


lexentry: eng/caffeine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caffeine
trans_list: kofeina
sense:
An alkaloid, C8H10N4O2, found naturally in tea and coffee plants which acts as a mild stimulant on the central nervous system. [from 1830]


lexentry: eng/café__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: café
trans_list: kawiarnia
sense:
A coffee shop; an establishment selling coffee and sometimes other non-alcoholic beverages, simple meals or snacks, with a facility to consume them on the premises.


lexentry: eng/caiman__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caiman
trans_list: kajman
sense:
(narrowly) Any of the relatively small crocodilians of the genus Caiman, within the family Alligatoridae.


lexentry: eng/cajole__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cajole
trans_list: naciągać | naciągnąć
sense:
(ambitransitive) To persuade someone to do something which they are reluctant to do, especially by flattery or promises; to coax.


lexentry: eng/cajón__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cajón
trans_list: szuflada
sense:
(musical instrument) A box-shaped percussion instrument played by slapping the front or rear faces (generally thin plywood) with the hands, fingers, or sometimes various implements.


lexentry: eng/cake__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cake
trans_list: ciasto | tort | ciastko | ciasteczko
sense:
A rich, sweet dessert food, typically made of flour, sugar, and eggs and baked in an oven, and often covered in icing.


lexentry: eng/calabash__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: calabash
trans_list: tykwa
sense:
The bottle gourd (calabash vine, Lagenaria siceraria), believed to have originated in Africa, which is grown for its fruit that are used as a vegetable and to make containers (sense 3); the fruit of this plant.


lexentry: eng/calabash__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: calabash
trans_list: tykwa
sense:
A container made from the mature, dried shell of the fruit of one of the above plants; also, a similarly shaped container made from some other material.


lexentry: eng/calabur_tree__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calabur tree
trans_list: rozcięg
sense:
A tree (Muntingia calabura) native to the New World tropics, now widely cultivated, with ornamental, economic, and environmental uses.


lexentry: eng/calandra_lark__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calandra lark
trans_list: calhandra-real | kalandra szara
sense:
Any bird in the genus Melanocorypha, but especially in the species Melanocorypha calandra of the Mediterranean region and central Asia.


lexentry: eng/calcination__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calcination
trans_list: kalcynacja
sense:
The process of calcining: heating a substance to a high temperature, but below its melting point, to bring about thermal decomposition.


lexentry: eng/calcine__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calcine
trans_list: prażyć | uprażyć
sense:
(chemistry) To heat (a substance) without melting in order to drive off water, etc., and to oxidize or reduce it; specifically, to decompose (carbonates) into oxides, and, especially, to heat (limestone) to form quicklime.


lexentry: eng/calcite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calcite
trans_list: kalcyt
sense:
(mineral) a very widely distributed crystalline form of calcium carbonate, CaCO3, found as limestone, chalk and marble


lexentry: eng/calcium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calcium
trans_list: wapń
sense:
The chemical element (Symbol Ca), with an atomic number 20. It is a soft, silvery-white alkaline earth metal which occurs naturally as carbonate in limestone and as silicate in many rocks.


lexentry: eng/calcium_carbide__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calcium carbide
trans_list: acetylenek wapnia
sense:
(inorganic compound) A black, solid, of formula CaC2, manufactured from lime and carbon at high temperatures; reacts with water to form acetylene.


lexentry: eng/calcium_carbonate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calcium carbonate
trans_list: węglan wapnia
sense:
(inorganic compound) A colourless or white inorganic compound, CaCO3, occurring as chalk, limestone, marble etc; reacts with acids to liberate carbon dioxide.


lexentry: eng/calcium_chloride__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calcium chloride
trans_list: chlorek wapnia
sense:
(inorganic compound) The calcium salt of hydrochloric acid, CaCl2; used as a drying agent and to melt ice on roads.


lexentry: eng/calculate__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calculate
trans_list: kalkulować | policzyć | wyliczać | rachować | obliczać
sense:
(transitive, mathematics) To determine the value of something or the solution to something by a mathematical process.


lexentry: eng/calculate__Verb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: calculate
trans_list: kalkulować | wyliczać | policzyć | rachować | obliczać
sense:
To ascertain or predict by mathematical or astrological computations the time, circumstances, or other conditions of; to forecast or compute the character or consequences of.


lexentry: eng/calculation__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: calculation
trans_list: kalkulacja | obliczenie | obrachunek
sense:
(chess, uncountable) The act or process of imagining sequences of potential moves and responses without actually moving the pieces.


lexentry: eng/calculus__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: calculus
trans_list: rachunek
sense:
(countable, mathematics) Any formal system in which symbolic expressions are manipulated according to fixed rules.


lexentry: eng/calculus__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: calculus
trans_list: rachunek różniczkowy i całkowy
sense:
(uncountable, often, definite, the calculus) Differential calculus and integral calculus considered as a single subject; analysis.


lexentry: eng/calculus_of_variations__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calculus of variations
trans_list: rachunek wariacyjny
sense:
(calculus) The form of calculus that deals with the maxima and minima of definite integrals of functions of many variables.


lexentry: eng/calendar__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: calendar
trans_list: kalendarz
sense:
A means to determine the date consisting of a document containing dates and other temporal information.


lexentry: eng/calendar_year__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calendar year
trans_list: rok
sense:
The length of time between the beginning and end of a year as marked on a calendar, such as from 0:00 January 1 to 24:00 December 31 in the Gregorian calendar.


lexentry: eng/calender__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calender
trans_list: gładziarka | kalander
sense:
Calander machine
 A machine, used for the purpose of giving cloth, paper etc., a smooth, even, and glossy or glazed surface, by cold or hot pressure, or for watering them and giving them a wavy appearance; it consists of two or more cylinders revolving nearly in contact, with the necessary apparatus for moving and regulating.


lexentry: eng/calender__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calender
trans_list: kalendrować
sense:
To press between rollers for the purpose of making smooth and glossy, or wavy, as woolen and silk stuffs, linens, paper etc., as in a calender.


lexentry: eng/caliber__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: caliber
trans_list: kaliber
sense:
Unit of measure used to express the length of the bore of a weapon. The number of calibres is determined by dividing the length of the bore of the weapon, from the breech face of the tube to the muzzle, by the diameter of its bore. A gun tube the bore of which is 40 feet (480 inches) long and 12 inches in diameter is said to be 40 calibers long.


lexentry: eng/calico__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calico
trans_list: kaliko
sense:
(textiles) A kind of rough cloth made from unbleached and not fully processed cotton, often printed with a bright pattern.


lexentry: eng/californium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: californium
trans_list: kaliforn
sense:
A strongly radioactive and highly fissile transuranic chemical element (symbol Cf) with an atomic number of 98.


lexentry: eng/caliph__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caliph
trans_list: kalif
sense:
The political leader of the Muslim world; the successor of the prophet Muhammad's political authority.


lexentry: eng/calisthenics__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calisthenics
trans_list: kalistenika
sense:
(in the plural) Gymnastic exercises under the participation of a (surface-wise) multitude of muscles and often minimal equipment (thus, usually bodyweight exercises) with a stress on stamina.


lexentry: eng/call_a_spade_a_spade__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: call a spade a spade
trans_list: nazywać rzeczy po imieniu
sense:
(idiomatic) To put it bluntly, to be outspoken; to speak the truth, to say things as they really are.


lexentry: eng/call_center__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: call center
trans_list: biuro obsługi klienta | call center
sense:
(business, telephony) A communications facility where phone calls are handled; especially, a commercial one for customer service, sales and telemarketing.


lexentry: eng/call_it_quits__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: call it quits
trans_list: aresztować
sense:
To conclude; to quit or stop an activity, especially after applying oneself to it for a significant period of time.


lexentry: eng/call_option__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: call option
trans_list: opcja kupna
sense:
(finance) An option to buy a stated quantity of an asset or financial product, such as stock, at a stated price (the strike price), on a stated future date (or range of dates).


lexentry: eng/call_to_prayer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: call to prayer
trans_list: wezwanie do modlitwy
sense:
A public proclamation made five times a day in Muslim societies, broadcast from the mosques, to mark out the ordained occasions for worship.


lexentry: eng/calla__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calla
trans_list: czermień błotna
sense:
A marsh plant native to cooler areas throughout the northern hemisphere, Calla palustris, having pale green flowers in a white spathe.


lexentry: eng/calligraphy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calligraphy
trans_list: kaligrafia
sense:
(uncountable) The art or practice of writing letters and words in a decorative style; the letters and words so written.


lexentry: eng/calling_card__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: calling card
trans_list: podpis
sense:
(figurative) An attribute, symptom, object, or behavior which is distinctly characteristic of someone or something.


lexentry: eng/calliope__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calliope
trans_list: Kaliope
sense:
A musical organ, consisting of steam whistles played with a keyboard. Often used with merry-go-rounds.


lexentry: eng/callus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: callus
trans_list: nagniotek
sense:
A hardened area of the skin (especially on the foot or hand) caused by repeated friction, wear or use.


lexentry: eng/callus__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: callus
trans_list: nagniotek
sense:
The material of repair in fractures of bone; a substance exuded at the site of fracture, which is at first soft or cartilaginous in consistency, but is ultimately converted into true bone and unites the fragments into a single piece.


lexentry: eng/calm__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calm
trans_list: spokój
sense:
(in a person) The state of being calm; peacefulness; absence of worry, anger, fear or other strong negative emotion.


lexentry: eng/calm_before_the_storm__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calm before the storm
trans_list: cisza przed burzą
sense:
(idiomatic) A period of peace before a disturbance or crisis; an unnatural or false calm before a storm.


lexentry: eng/calorie__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: calorie
trans_list: kaloria
sense:
(physics, chemistry, obsolete) The gram calorie or small calorie, a non-SI unit of energy, equivalent to approximately 4.2 joules. This unit was widely used in chemistry and physics, being the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 °C.


lexentry: eng/calque__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calque
trans_list: kalka
sense:
(linguistics, translation studies) A word or phrase in a language formed by word-for-word or morpheme-by-morpheme translation of a word in another language.


lexentry: eng/calx__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calx
trans_list: popiół
sense:
(now, chiefly, historical) The substance which remains after a metal or mineral has been thoroughly burnt, once seen as being the essential substance left after the expulsion of phlogiston, but now recognised as being the metallic oxide (or, in some cases, the metal in a state of sublimation).


lexentry: eng/calyptra__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calyptra
trans_list: czepek
sense:
(botany) In bryophytes, a thin, hood of tissue that forms from the archegonium and covers the developing sporophyte and is shed as it ripens.


lexentry: eng/calyx__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calyx
trans_list: kielich
sense:
(botany) The outermost whorl of flower parts, comprising the sepals, which covers and protects the petals as they develop.


lexentry: eng/cam__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cam
trans_list: dziób
sense:
A turning or sliding piece which imparts motion to a rod, lever or block brought into sliding or rolling contact with it.


lexentry: eng/camber__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: camber
trans_list: wypukłość
sense:
A slight convexity, arching or curvature of a surface of a road, beam, roof, ship's deck etc., so that liquids will flow off the sides.


lexentry: eng/cambium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cambium
trans_list: kambium
sense:
(botany) A layer of cells between the xylem and the phloem that is responsible for the secondary growth of roots and stems.


lexentry: eng/came__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: came
trans_list: ołów
sense:
A grooved strip of metal, traditionally usually lead or brass and today sometimes stainless steel, used to hold panes of glass together in glazing.


lexentry: eng/camel_driver__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: camel driver
trans_list: wielbłądnik
sense:
One whose occupation is to direct, handle and care for camels, especially as a part of a caravan travelling long distances.


lexentry: eng/camellia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: camellia
trans_list: kamelia
sense:
Any plant of the genus Camellia, shrubs and small trees native to Asia; Camellia japonica is the most popular as a garden plant; Camellia sinensis is the tea plant.


lexentry: eng/camomile__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: camomile
trans_list: rumian rzymski
sense:
Chamaemelum nobile (formerly Anthemis nobilis), English chamomile or Roman chamomile, a ground cover with fragrant foliage.


lexentry: eng/camomile__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: camomile
trans_list: rumianek | rumianek pospolity
sense:
Matricaria recutita (formerly known as Matricaria chamomilla), German chamomile or Hungarian chamomile, with fragrant flowers used for tea, and as an herbal remedy.


lexentry: eng/camomile_tea__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: camomile tea
trans_list: rumianek
sense:
A beverage made by infusing the leaves of the camomile plant (either Matricaria recutita or Chamaemelum nobile) in hot water.


lexentry: eng/camouflage__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: camouflage
trans_list: kamuflaż | barwa ochronna | kolor ochronny
sense:
(military) The use of natural or artificial material on personnel, objects, or tactical positions with the aim of confusing, misleading, or evading the enemy.


lexentry: eng/camp__Verb__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: camp
trans_list: biwakować | koczować | obozować
sense:
(intransitive, obsolete) To fight; contend in battle or in any kind of contest; to strive with others in doing anything; compete.


lexentry: eng/camp_follower__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: camp follower
trans_list: markietanka
sense:
(chiefly, historical) A civilian who follows an army, typically a family member of a soldier or someone who provides services to the soldiers, e.g. prostitution, sale of liquor, cooking and laundry.


lexentry: eng/campaigner__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: campaigner
trans_list: aktywista
sense:
A person who campaigns for a person running for political office or works, or supports, in an organised and active way towards a goal; an activist.


lexentry: eng/campanile__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: campanile
trans_list: dzwonnica
sense:
A bell tower (especially one that is freestanding), often associated with a church or other public building, especially in Italy.


lexentry: eng/camper__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: camper
trans_list: camper
sense:
(video games) A person who stays in one spot during a first-person shooting game, to guard an item etc.


lexentry: eng/campfire__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: campfire
trans_list: ognisko
sense:
A fire at a campground or on a camping trip, often used for cooking, to provide light and heat, to drive away bugs, and as a focal point for sitting around in the evening and talking, telling stories, and singing.


lexentry: eng/camphor__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: camphor
trans_list: kamfora
sense:
(organic compound) A white transparent waxy crystalline isoprenoid ketone, 1,7,7-trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-one, with a strong pungent odour, used in pharmacy.


lexentry: eng/camping__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: camping
trans_list: kemping
sense:
(uncountable) The recreational or educational activity of temporarily living in a tent or similar accommodation.


lexentry: eng/campus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: campus
trans_list: kampus
sense:
The grounds or property of a school, college, university, business, church, or hospital, often understood to include buildings and other structures.


lexentry: eng/can_I_use_your_phone__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: can I use your phone
trans_list: czy mogę skorzystać z pana telefonu? | czy mogę skorzystać z pani telefonu?
sense:
Indicates that the speaker wants to communicate with someone via the interlocutor's telephone, if it is available.


lexentry: eng/can_of_worms__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: can of worms
trans_list: beczka
sense:
(idiomatic) A complex, troublesome situation arising when a decision or action produces considerable subsequent problems.


lexentry: eng/canapé__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: canapé
trans_list: kanapka
sense:
An hors d’oeuvre, a bite-sized open-faced sandwich made of thin bread or toast topped with savory garnish.


lexentry: eng/canasta__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: canasta
trans_list: kanasta
sense:
(uncountable, games, card games) A card game similar to rummy and played using two packs, where the object is to meld groups of the same rank.


lexentry: eng/cancel__Verb__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: cancel
trans_list: skrócić
sense:
(transitive, mathematics) To remove a common factor from both the numerator and denominator of a fraction, or from both sides of an equation.


lexentry: eng/cancellation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cancellation
trans_list: anihilacja
sense:
The act, process, or result of cancelling; as, the cancellation of certain words in a contract, or of the contract itself.


lexentry: eng/cancer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cancer
trans_list: rak | nowotwór złośliwy
sense:
(medicine, oncology, disease) A disease in which the cells of a tissue undergo uncontrolled (and often rapid) proliferation.


lexentry: eng/candela__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: candela
trans_list: kandela
sense:
In the International System of Units, the base unit of luminous intensity; the luminous intensity, in a given direction, of a source that emits monochromatic radiation of frequency 540 × 1012 hertz and that has a radiant intensity in that direction of 1/683 watt per steradian. Symbol: cd


lexentry: eng/candle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: candle
trans_list: świeca | świeczka | gromnica
sense:
A light source consisting of a wick embedded in a solid, flammable substance such as wax, tallow, or paraffin.


lexentry: eng/candy_cane__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: candy cane
trans_list: cukrowa laska
sense:
(US, Canada) An edible candy in the shape of a cane or staff, generally consumed during Christmas time and usually having a peppermint flavor.


lexentry: eng/candy_floss__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: candy floss
trans_list: wata cukrowa
sense:
(UK, Ireland, New Zealand, Australia) Heated sugar spun into thin threads and collected into a mass, usually on a stick.


lexentry: eng/cane_toad__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cane toad
trans_list: aga | kururu | ropucha olbrzymia
sense:
A large toad, Rhinella marina (formerly Bufo marinus), of Central and South America, introduced to Australia and various Pacific islands where it is now an invasive pest species.


lexentry: eng/canid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: canid
trans_list: pies
sense:
Any member of the family Canidae, including canines (dogs, wolves, coyotes and jackals) and vulpines (foxes).


lexentry: eng/canker__Noun__1
sense_num: 08
written_rep: canker
trans_list: żółty guzek
sense:
An avian disease affecting doves, poultry, parrots and birds of prey, caused by Trichomonas gallinae.


lexentry: eng/cannabis__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cannabis
trans_list: konopie | konopie siewne
sense:
A mildly euphoriant or sedating, intoxicating hallucinogenic drug prepared from various parts of this plant.


lexentry: eng/canned__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: canned
trans_list: nagranie
sense:
(by extension) Previously prepared; not fresh or new; standardized, mass-produced, or lacking originality or customization.


lexentry: eng/cannoli__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cannoli
trans_list: cannolo
sense:
(chiefly, _, in the plural) A tube of fried pastry, typical of Sicily, filled with ricotta or similar cream cheese, and flavorings, eaten as a dessert.


lexentry: eng/cannon__Noun__1
sense_num: 11
written_rep: cannon
trans_list: armata | działo
sense:
(Chinese chess) A piece which moves horizontally and vertically like a rook but captures another piece by jumping over a different piece in the line of attack.


lexentry: eng/canoe__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: canoe
trans_list: kanu | kanadyjka
sense:
A small long and narrow boat, propelled by one or more people (depending on the size of canoe), using single-bladed paddles. The paddlers face in the direction of travel, in either a seated position, or kneeling on the bottom of the boat. Canoes are open on top, and pointed at both ends.


lexentry: eng/canon__Noun__1
sense_num: 08
written_rep: canon
trans_list: kanon
sense:
A piece of music in which the same melody is played by different voices, but beginning at different times; a round.


lexentry: eng/canon__Noun__1
sense_num: 10
written_rep: canon
trans_list: kanon
sense:
(fandom, uncountable) Those sources, especially including literary works, which are considered part of the main continuity regarding a given fictional universe.


lexentry: eng/canon__Noun__1
sense_num: 12
written_rep: canon
trans_list: kanon
sense:
(printing, dated, uncountable) A large size of type formerly used for printing the church canons, standardized as 48-point.


lexentry: eng/canonical_disjunctive_normal_form__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: canonical disjunctive normal form
trans_list: kanoniczna alternatywna postać normalna
sense:
(logic) Disjunctive normal form with the additional property that all of the terms of the sum contain the same literals, so that the terms differ from each other only in their patterns of complementation (of their literals).


lexentry: eng/canonical_form__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: canonical form
trans_list: postać kanoniczna
sense:
(mathematics, computing) A standard or normal presentation of a mathematical entity or a text string, etc.


lexentry: eng/canonization__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: canonization
trans_list: kanonizacja
sense:
(Christianity) The final process or decree (following beatification) by which the name of a deceased person is placed in the catalogue (canon) of saints and commended to perpetual veneration and invocation.


lexentry: eng/canonize__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: canonize
trans_list: kanonizować
sense:
(chiefly, Roman Catholicism) To declare (a deceased person) as a saint, and enter them into the canon of saints.


lexentry: eng/cant__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cant
trans_list: gwara
sense:
(countable, uncountable) A private or secret language used by a religious sect, gang, or other group.


lexentry: eng/cantaloupe__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cantaloupe
trans_list: kantalupa
sense:
A melon of species Cucumis melo subsp. melo with sweet orange flesh, with numerous cultivars in several cultivar groups.


lexentry: eng/cantata__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cantata
trans_list: kantata
sense:
(music) A vocal composition accompanied by instruments and generally containing more than one movement, typical of 17th and 18th century Italian music.


lexentry: eng/canteen__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: canteen
trans_list: stołówka | kafeteria
sense:
A small cafeteria or snack bar, especially one in a military establishment, school, or place of work.


lexentry: eng/canteen__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: canteen
trans_list: manierka
sense:
A water bottle, flask, or other vessel, typically used by a soldier or camper as a bottle for carrying water or liquor for drink


lexentry: eng/canter__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: canter
trans_list: galop
sense:
A gait of a horse between a trot and a gallop, consisting of three beats and a "suspension" phase, where there are no feet on the ground. Also describing this gait on other four-legged animals.


lexentry: eng/canton__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: canton
trans_list: kanton
sense:
(heraldiccharge) A division of a shield occupying one third of the chief, usually on the dexter side, formed by a perpendicular line from the top meeting a horizontal line from the side.


lexentry: eng/canvas__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: canvas
trans_list: płótno
sense:
A type of coarse cloth, woven from hemp, useful for making sails and tents or as a surface for paintings.


lexentry: eng/cap__Noun__1
sense_num: 19
written_rep: cap
trans_list: kapelusz
sense:
(nautical) A collar of iron or wood used in joining spars, as the mast and the topmast, the bowsprit and the jib boom; also, a covering of tarred canvas at the end of a rope.


lexentry: eng/capable__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: capable
trans_list: zdolny | stać
sense:
Able and efficient; having the ability needed for a specific task; having the disposition to do something; permitting or being susceptible to something.


lexentry: eng/capacitor__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: capacitor
trans_list: kondensator
sense:
(electronics) An electronic component capable of storing electrical energy in an electric field; especially one consisting of two conductors separated by a dielectric.


lexentry: eng/cape__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cape
trans_list: przylądek | cypel
sense:
(geography) A piece or point of land, extending beyond the adjacent coast into a sea or lake; a promontory; a headland.


lexentry: eng/cape__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cape
trans_list: peleryna
sense:
A sleeveless garment or part of a garment, hanging from the neck over the back, arms, and shoulders.


lexentry: eng/caper__Noun__3
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caper
trans_list: kapar
sense:
The pungent grayish green flower bud of the European and Oriental caper (Capparis spinosa), which is pickled and eaten.


lexentry: eng/capercaillie__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: capercaillie
trans_list: głuszec | głuszec zwyczajny
sense:
A large, black grouse of the genus Tetrao in the bird family Phasianidae, especially the western capercaillie, Tetrao urogallus.


lexentry: eng/capillarity__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: capillarity
trans_list: zjawiska kapilarne
sense:
The interaction between the surfaces of a solid and liquid in contact that distorts the normal geometry of the liquid surface; especially the rise or fall of a liquid in a fine tube.


lexentry: eng/capillary__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: capillary
trans_list: kapilara
sense:
(anatomy) Any of the small blood vessels (from 5 to 10 micrometres/micrometers (μm) in diameter) that connect arteries to veins (They are the smallest blood vessels in the body: they convey blood between the arterioles and venules).


lexentry: eng/capillary_action__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: capillary action
trans_list: zjawiska kapilarne
sense:
(physics) The drawing of a liquid (often against gravity) into or up narrow interstices due to surface tension


lexentry: eng/capital-intensive__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: capital-intensive
trans_list: kapitałochłonny
sense:
Needing a relatively large expenditure on capital, especially when compared to that spent on labour.


lexentry: eng/capital__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: capital
trans_list: kapitał
sense:
(uncountable, business, finance, insurance) Money and wealth. The means to acquire goods and services, especially in a non-barter system.


lexentry: eng/capital_city__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: capital city
trans_list: stolica
sense:
A city (or cities) much larger or more important to a country than all others, regardless of the actual seat of government (cf., Moscow and Saint Petersburg regardless of moves of the Russian government; Amsterdam despite the Dutch government having been situated in The Hague since 1588).


lexentry: eng/capital_flight__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: capital flight
trans_list: ucieczka kapitału
sense:
(economics) The rapid flow of money or assets out of a country in response to globalization or some other economic event.


lexentry: eng/capital_gain__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: capital gain
trans_list: zysk kapitałowy
sense:
(business, finance) An amount by which the value or the proceeds of the sale of a capital asset by its owner exceed its cost to the owner.


lexentry: eng/capital_stock__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: capital stock
trans_list: kapitał akcyjny
sense:
(legal, accounting, US) The total amount of common and preferred stock (shares) that a company can issue.


lexentry: eng/capitalisation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: capitalisation
trans_list: kapitalizacja
sense:
Choice of case (when writing a word); the act or process of writing a word in a particular case, such as ALL CAPS, Title Case, CamelCase, Sentence case, or all lowercase.


lexentry: eng/capitalism__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: capitalism
trans_list: kapitalizm
sense:
(politics, economic liberalism) A socio-economic system based on private property rights, including the private ownership of resources or capital, with economic decisions made largely through the operation of a market unregulated by the state.


lexentry: eng/capitalize__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: capitalize
trans_list: pisać wielką literą | pisać z dużej litery
sense:
(transitive) In writing or editing, to write (something: either an entire word or text, or just the initial letter(s) thereof) in capital letters, in upper case.


lexentry: eng/capitalize__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: capitalize
trans_list: spieniężać
sense:
(transitive, finance) To convert into capital, i.e., to get cash or similar immediately fungible resources for some less fungible property or source of future income.


lexentry: eng/capitulation__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: capitulation
trans_list: kapitulacja
sense:
The act of capitulating or surrendering to an enemy upon stipulated terms; the act of ceasing to resist an opponent or an unwelcome demand.


lexentry: eng/capo_di_tutti_capi__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: capo di tutti capi
trans_list: szef wszystkich szefów
sense:
(slang) Boss of all the bosses, especially in the mafia, Cosa Nostra etc. Often used by law enforcement, the media and the public in general to describe a Mafia boss who exerts significant influence on how the Mafia should run.


lexentry: eng/capoeira__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: capoeira
trans_list: capoeira
sense:
(uncountable) A martial art developed in Brazil, involving complex acrobatic maneuvers and flowing movements.


lexentry: eng/caponier__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caponier
trans_list: kaponiera
sense:
(military, historical) A work made across or in a ditch, to protect it from the enemy (as fire from it could cover the ditch), or to serve as a covered passageway (e.g. to outworks).


lexentry: eng/capotasto__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: capotasto
trans_list: kapodaster
sense:
(music) A device, placed across the strings of a fretted instrument such as a guitar, to shorten the strings and thus allow upward transposition without altered fingering


lexentry: eng/cappuccino__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cappuccino
trans_list: cappuccino
sense:
(uncountable) An Italian coffee-based beverage made from espresso to which milk that has been steamed and/or frothed is added; (countable) a cup of this beverage.


lexentry: eng/cappuccino__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: cappuccino
trans_list: cappuccino
sense:
(uncountable, also, attributively) A medium- to dark-brown colour like that of the coffee drink (sense 1) or the habit of a Capuchin monk.


lexentry: eng/capri_pants__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: capri pants
trans_list: rybaczki
sense:
Casual pants or trousers, usually for women, with the bottom hem reaching to below the knee but above the ankle; usually lightweight and summery.


lexentry: eng/capric_acid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: capric acid
trans_list: kwas dekanowy
sense:
(fatty acid) A fatty acid, CH3(CH2)8COOH, obtained from animal fats, and used in the manufacture of perfumes and flavours.


lexentry: eng/caprolactam__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caprolactam
trans_list: kaprolaktam
sense:
(organic compound) A lactam (cyclic amide) manufactured from cyclohexanone and used in the manufacture of nylon.


lexentry: eng/capsaicin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: capsaicin
trans_list: kapsaicyna
sense:
(organic compound) A chemical compound found in chilli peppers, which is responsible for their piquancy.


lexentry: eng/capsicum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: capsicum
trans_list: papryka
sense:
Any of several tropical American plants, of the genus Capsicum, principally the species Capsicum annuum and Capsicum frutescens, that are cultivated as edible peppers.


lexentry: eng/capstan__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: capstan
trans_list: kabestan
sense:
(nautical) A vertical cylindrical machine that revolves on a spindle, used to apply force to ropes, cables, etc. It is typically surmounted by a drumhead with sockets for levers used to turn it.


lexentry: eng/capsule__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: capsule
trans_list: torebka | torebka nasienna
sense:
(botany) A type of simple, dehiscent, dry fruit (seed-case) produced by many species of flowering plants, such as poppy, lily, orchid, willow and cotton.


lexentry: eng/capsule__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: capsule
trans_list: kapsuła | kapsułka
sense:
(astronautics) A detachable part of a rocket or spacecraft (usually in the nose) containing the crew's living space.


lexentry: eng/capsule__Noun__1
sense_num: 09
written_rep: capsule
trans_list: kapturek termokurczliwy
sense:
(winemaking) The covering — formerly lead or tin, now often plastic — over the cork at the top of the wine bottle.


lexentry: eng/captain__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: captain
trans_list: kapitan
sense:
A commissioned officer in the United States Navy, Coast Guard, NOAA Corps, or PHS Corps of a grade superior to a commander and junior to a rear admiral (lower half). A captain is equal in grade or rank to a United States Army, Marine Corps, or Air Force colonel.


lexentry: eng/captain__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: captain
trans_list: kapitan
sense:
One of the athletes on a sports team who is designated to make decisions, and is allowed to speak for his team with a referee or official.


lexentry: eng/caption__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: caption
trans_list: napisy
sense:
(cinematography, television) A piece of text appearing on screen as a subtitle or other part of a film or broadcast, describing dialogue (and sometimes other sound) for viewers who cannot hear.


lexentry: eng/captivate__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: captivate
trans_list: urzekać
sense:
(figuratively) To attract and hold (someone's) attention and interest; to charm, to entrance, to fascinate.


lexentry: eng/capture__Verb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: capture
trans_list: zbić
sense:
(transitive) To remove or take control of an opponent’s piece in a game (e.g., chess, go, checkers).


lexentry: eng/car__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: car
trans_list: samochód | auto | wóz | bryka | gablota
sense:
A wheeled vehicle that moves independently, with at least three wheels, powered mechanically, steered by a driver and mostly for personal transportation.


lexentry: eng/car_battery__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: car battery
trans_list: akumulator samochodowy
sense:
(automotive) A 12-volt battery used to run the electric starter motor in order to ignite the internal combustion engine of an automobile, and power accessories when the engine is off and the alternator is not turning.


lexentry: eng/car_bomb__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: car bomb
trans_list: samochód-pułapka
sense:
An automobile laden with a large amount of explosives, and used as a bomb primarily in order to cause external damage.


lexentry: eng/car_radio__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: car radio
trans_list: radio samochodowe
sense:
(radio) A radio specifically tuned for usage inside cars, i.e. by utilization of traffic programme and alternative frequency functions.


lexentry: eng/car_wash__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: car wash
trans_list: automyjnia | myjnia samochodowa
sense:
A place at which a car is washed, usually for a fee and often mechanically by driving the car through a tunnel.


lexentry: eng/carabiner__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carabiner
trans_list: karabinek | karabińczyk
sense:
A metal link with a gate that can open and close, generally used for clipping ropes to anchors or other objects.


lexentry: eng/caracal__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caracal
trans_list: karakal
sense:
A type of cat native to Southern Africa, West Asia, and parts of Central and South Asia, Caracal caracal.


lexentry: eng/carapace__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carapace
trans_list: karapaks
sense:
A hard protective covering of bone or chitin, especially one which covers the dorsal portion of an animal.


lexentry: eng/carat__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carat
trans_list: karat
sense:
A metric unit of weight equal to exactly 200 mg, chiefly used for measuring precious stones and pearls .


lexentry: eng/carat__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: carat
trans_list: karat
sense:
(historical) Any of several small units of weight used for measuring precious stones and pearls, equivalent to 189–212 mg.


lexentry: eng/caravan__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caravan
trans_list: karawana
sense:
A convoy or procession of travellers, their cargo and vehicles, and any pack animals, especially camels crossing a desert.


lexentry: eng/caravanserai__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caravanserai
trans_list: karawanseraj
sense:
(chiefly, historical) A roadside inn, usually having a central courtyard where caravans (see sense 3) can rest, providing accommodation for travellers along trade routes in Asia and North Africa.


lexentry: eng/caravel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caravel
trans_list: karawela
sense:
(nautical, historical) A light, usually lateen-rigged sailing ship used by the Portuguese and Spanish for about 300 years from the 15th century, first for trade and later for voyages of exploration.


lexentry: eng/carbohydrate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carbohydrate
trans_list: węglowodan | sacharyd
sense:
(organic chemistry, nutrition) A sugar, starch, or cellulose that is a food source of energy for an animal or plant.


lexentry: eng/carbon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carbon
trans_list: węgiel
sense:
(uncountable) The chemical element (symbol C) with an atomic number of 6. It can be found in pure form for example as graphite, a black, shiny and very soft material, or diamond, a colourless, transparent, crystalline solid and the hardest known material.


lexentry: eng/carbon_dioxide__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carbon dioxide
trans_list: dwutlenek węgla
sense:
(inorganic compound) The normal oxide of carbon, CO₂; a colorless, odorless gas formed during respiration and combustion and consumed by plants during photosynthesis.


lexentry: eng/carbon_fiber__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: carbon fiber
trans_list: karbon
sense:
Ellipsis of carbon fiber reinforced polymer/plastic., a type of strong and lightweight composite material.


lexentry: eng/carbon_footprint__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carbon footprint
trans_list: ślad węglowy
sense:
A measure of the amount of carbon dioxide produced by a person, organization or state in a given time.


lexentry: eng/carbon_tax__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carbon tax
trans_list: podatek węglowy
sense:
A tax levied on the carbon contents used by the burning fossil fuels, so as to discourage the production of the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide.


lexentry: eng/carbon_tetrachloride__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carbon tetrachloride
trans_list: tetrachlorometan
sense:
(chemical compound) The halogenated hydrocarbon tetrachloromethane; a toxic, nonflammable liquid, used as a solvent, formerly used in dry cleaning and in fire extinguishers.


lexentry: eng/carbonado__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carbonado
trans_list: karbonado
sense:
(mineral) A dark, non-transparent, impure form of polycrystalline diamond (also containing graphite and amorphous carbon) used in drilling.


lexentry: eng/carbonic_acid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carbonic acid
trans_list: kwas węglowy
sense:
A weak unstable acid, H2CO3, known only in solution, and as carbonate salts; it is present in carbonated drinks, and sparkling wine, but decomposes to form carbon dioxide and water.


lexentry: eng/carboxyl__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carboxyl
trans_list: grupa karboksylowa
sense:
(organic chemistry) A univalent functional group consisting of a carbonyl and a hydroxyl functional group (-CO.OH); characteristic of carboxylic acids.


lexentry: eng/carbuncle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carbuncle
trans_list: karbunkuł
sense:
(archaic) A deep-red or fiery colored garnet or other dark red precious stone, especially when cut cabochon.


lexentry: eng/carbuncle__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: carbuncle
trans_list: karbunkuł
sense:
(pathology) An abscess larger than a boil, usually with one or more openings draining pus onto the skin. It is usually caused by staphylococcal infection.


lexentry: eng/carburetor__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: carburetor
trans_list: gaźnik
sense:
(US, Canada) A device in an internal combustion engine where fuel is vaporized and mixed with air prior to ignition. [from 1890s]


lexentry: eng/carcinoma__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carcinoma
trans_list: rak
sense:
(countable) An invasive malignant tumour derived from epithelial tissue that tends to metastasize to other areas of the body.


lexentry: eng/card__Noun__2
sense_num: 03
written_rep: card
trans_list: zgrzebło
sense:
(textiles) A hand-held tool formed similarly to a hairbrush but with bristles of wire or other rigid material. It is used principally with raw cotton, wool, hair, or other natural fibers to prepare these materials for spinning into yarn or thread on a spinning wheel, with a whorl or other hand-held spindle. The card serves to untangle, clean, remove debris from, and lay the fibers straight.


lexentry: eng/cardboard_box__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cardboard box
trans_list: karton
sense:
An industrially prefabricated box made from cardboard, primarily used for packaging goods or materials and often recycled.


lexentry: eng/cardiac__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: cardiac
trans_list: sercowy
sense:
(medicine, archaic) Exciting action in the heart, through the medium of the stomach; cordial; stimulant.


lexentry: eng/cardiac_arrest__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cardiac arrest
trans_list: NZK | nagłe zatrzymanie krążenia | zatrzymanie akcji serca
sense:
(cardiology, pathology) Sudden and complete cessation of the heartbeat resulting in the loss of effective circulation of the blood.


lexentry: eng/cardigan__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cardigan
trans_list: kardigan
sense:
A type of sweater or jumper that fastens up the front with buttons or a zipper, usually machine- or hand-knitted from wool.


lexentry: eng/cardinal__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: cardinal
trans_list: kardynalny | kardynał
sense:
Describing a "natural" number used to indicate quantity (e.g., zero, one, two, three), as opposed to an ordinal number indicating relative position.


lexentry: eng/cardinal__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cardinal
trans_list: kardynał
sense:
(Roman Catholic) One of the officials appointed by the pope in the Roman Catholic Church, ranking only below the pope and the patriarchs, constituting the special college which elects the pope. (See Wikipedia article on Catholic cardinals.)


lexentry: eng/cardinal__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: cardinal
trans_list: kardynał
sense:
Any of various related passerine birds of the family Cardinalidae (See Wikipedia article on cardinals) and other similar birds that were once considered to be related.


lexentry: eng/cardinal__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: cardinal
trans_list: purpura
sense:
(color) A deep red color, somewhat less vivid than scarlet, the traditional colour of a Catholic cardinal's cassock. (same as cardinal red)


lexentry: eng/cardinal__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: cardinal
trans_list: liczba kardynalna
sense:
(math) Short for cardinal number, a number indicating quantity, or the size of a set (e.g., 0, 1, 2, 3). (See Cardinal_number.)


lexentry: eng/cardinal_number__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cardinal number
trans_list: liczba kardynalna | liczebnik główny
sense:
(mathematics) A generalized kind of number used to denote the size of a set, including infinite sets.


lexentry: eng/cardinal_virtue__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cardinal virtue
trans_list: cnota kardynalna
sense:
(Christianity, often, in the plural) One of the four foundational virtues identified by Greek and Christian philosophers, on which other virtues depend: justice, temperance, prudence, or fortitude.


lexentry: eng/cardinal_vowel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cardinal vowel
trans_list: samogłoska kardynalna | samogłoska podstawowa
sense:
(phonetics) a vowel sound produced when the tongue is in an extreme position, either front or back, high or low.


lexentry: eng/cardioid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cardioid
trans_list: kardioida
sense:
(geometry) An epicycloid with exactly one cusp; the plane curve with polar equation \rho = 1 + \cos\,\theta - approximately heart-shaped


lexentry: eng/cardiopulmonary_resuscitation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cardiopulmonary resuscitation
trans_list: resuscytacja | resuscytacja krążeniowo-oddechowa
sense:
A first aid procedure for cardiac arrest involving compression of the chest wall alternating with artificial respiration.


lexentry: eng/cardoon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cardoon
trans_list: karczoch hiszpanski
sense:
Cynara cardunculus, a prickly perennial plant related to the artichoke which has leaf stalks eaten as a vegetable.


lexentry: eng/care__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: care
trans_list: martwić się
sense:
(transitive, intransitive) To be concerned (about), to have an interest (in); to feel concern (about).


lexentry: eng/careen__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: careen
trans_list: przechylać | przechylić
sense:
(nautical, transitive) To heave a ship down on one side so as to expose the other, in order to clean it of barnacles and weed, or to repair it below the water line.


lexentry: eng/careerism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: careerism
trans_list: arywizm
sense:
(derogatory) The overwhelming desire or urge to advance one's own career or social status, usually at the expense of other personal interests, social growth, or ethics.


lexentry: eng/careerism__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: careerism
trans_list: arywizm
sense:
(chiefly, US) The perception that being a member of the military is a career, rather than an obligation to serve one's country.


lexentry: eng/careless__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: careless
trans_list: niedbały
sense:
Not giving sufficient attention or thought, especially concerning the avoidance of harm or mistakes. [from 16thc.]


lexentry: eng/carer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carer
trans_list: opiekun | opiekunka
sense:
(UK, Ireland, Australia, New Zealand, Hong Kong) Someone who regularly looks after another person, either as a job or often through family responsibilities.


lexentry: eng/caress__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caress
trans_list: pieszczota
sense:
An act of endearment; any act or expression of affection; an embracing, or touching, with tenderness. [from 1640s]


lexentry: eng/caretaker__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caretaker
trans_list: dozorca | dozorczyni
sense:
Someone who takes care of a place or thing; someone looking after a place, or responsible for keeping it in good repair.


lexentry: eng/caretaker_government__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caretaker government
trans_list: rząd tymczasowy
sense:
(politics) A government that rules temporarily, for example after a motion of no confidence in a parliamentary system.


lexentry: eng/cargo_hold__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cargo hold
trans_list: ładownia
sense:
(nautical) A hold on a ship (a ship's hold includes the forehold and stern hold), used to store cargo during a voyage.


lexentry: eng/carillon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carillon
trans_list: carillon | karylion
sense:
(musical instrument) A set of bells, often in a bell tower, sometimes operated by means of a keyboard (manual or pedal), originating from the Low Countries.


lexentry: eng/carnassial__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carnassial
trans_list: drapieżny
sense:
One of the teeth used by a carnivore for shearing flesh, being the last upper premolar and the first lower molar.


lexentry: eng/carnation__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: carnation
trans_list: goździk
sense:
The type of flower they bear, originally flesh-coloured, but since hybridizing found in a variety of colours.


lexentry: eng/carnet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carnet
trans_list: karnet
sense:
A ticket book, a collection of tickets in the form of a booklet often sold at a discount to single tickets.


lexentry: eng/carnivore__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carnivore
trans_list: mięsożerca | drapieżnik
sense:
An organism that feeds chiefly on animals; an animal that feeds on meat as the main part of its diet.


lexentry: eng/carotene__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carotene
trans_list: karoten
sense:
(organic chemistry) A class of tetraterpene plant pigments; they vary in colour from yellow, through orange to red, this colour originating in a chain of alternating single and double bonds.


lexentry: eng/carotenoid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carotenoid
trans_list: karotenoid
sense:
(organic chemistry) Any of a class of yellow to red organic pigments including the carotenes and xanthophylls.


lexentry: eng/carp__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carp
trans_list: karp
sense:
Any of various freshwater fish of the family Cyprinidae; specifically the common carp, Cyprinus carpio.


lexentry: eng/carpal_tunnel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carpal tunnel
trans_list: Kanał nadgarstka
sense:
(anatomy) A fibro-osseous passageway on the palmar side of the wrist that connects the distal forearm to the middle compartment of the deep plane of the palm.


lexentry: eng/carpel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carpel
trans_list: słupek
sense:
(botany) A constituent part of a flower pistil - the individual female reproductive organs in a flower. A carpel is composed of an ovary, a style, and a stigma, although some flowers have carpels without a distinct style. In origin, carpels are leaves (megasporophylls) that have evolved to enclose the ovules. A pistil may be composed of a single carpel or of several carpels fused together.


lexentry: eng/carpenter__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carpenter
trans_list: stolarz | cieśla | stolarka
sense:
A person skilled at carpentry, the trade of cutting and joining timber in order to construct buildings or other structures.


lexentry: eng/carpenter__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: carpenter
trans_list: stolarz | cieśla | stolarka
sense:
(nautical) A senior rating in ships responsible for all the woodwork onboard; in the days of sail, a warrant officer responsible for the hull, masts, spars and boats of a ship, and whose responsibility was to sound the well to see if the ship was making water.


lexentry: eng/carpentry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carpentry
trans_list: stolarstwo
sense:
(uncountable) The trade of cutting and joining timber in order to construct buildings or other structures; woodworking.


lexentry: eng/carpet_beater__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carpet beater
trans_list: trzepaczka | trzepaczka do dywanów
sense:
A tool for beating dust out of carpets, cushions, etc., used in housecleaning before the invention of the vacuum cleaner.


lexentry: eng/carpet_bombing__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carpet bombing
trans_list: nalot dywanowy
sense:
Large area bombardment done in a progressive manner to inflict damage in every part of a selected area of land.


lexentry: eng/carpetbagger__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: carpetbagger
trans_list: spadochroniarz
sense:
(pejorative, by extension) One who comes to a place or organisation with which they have no previous connection with the sole or primary aim of personal gain, especially political or financial gain.


lexentry: eng/carport__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carport
trans_list: podjazd | wiata | zadaszenie
sense:
A roofed structure for automobile storage, usually attached to a house and not fully enclosed like a garage but with at least one side open to the outdoors. [from 1936]


lexentry: eng/carrack__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carrack
trans_list: karaka
sense:
(historical) A large European sailing vessel of the 14th to 17th centuries similar to a caravel but square-rigged on the foremast and mainmast and lateen-rigged on the mizzenmast.


lexentry: eng/carriage__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: carriage
trans_list: kareta | powóz
sense:
A (mostly four-wheeled) lighter vehicle chiefly designed to transport people, generally drawn by horse power.


lexentry: eng/carriage_return__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: carriage return
trans_list: wejście
sense:
The key or lever that initiates the carriage return action (on a typewriter) or generates the carriage return character (on a computer).


lexentry: eng/carrier__Noun__1
sense_num: 09
written_rep: carrier
trans_list: nosiciel | nosicielka
sense:
(genetics, pathology) A person or other organism that has a genetic trait, mutation or infection liable to cause a disease, but displays no symptoms.


lexentry: eng/carrier_bag__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carrier bag
trans_list: reklamówka
sense:
(UK) A bag made of thin polythene or paper, generally used for carrying groceries or other purchased items.


lexentry: eng/carrier_pigeon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carrier pigeon
trans_list: gołąb pocztowy
sense:
A domestic pigeon which transports attached messages or very small parcels from the place where it is released to a familiar destination.


lexentry: eng/carrier_wave__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carrier wave
trans_list: fala nośna | częstotliwość nośna
sense:
(physics) A wave that can be modulated, either in amplitude, frequency, or phase, to carry or transmit images, music, speech, or other signals.


lexentry: eng/carrot__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carrot
trans_list: marchewka | marchew
sense:
A vegetable with a nutritious, juicy, sweet root that is often orange in colour, Daucus carota, especially the subspecies sativus in the family Apiaceae.


lexentry: eng/carry-on__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carry-on
trans_list: bagaż podręczny
sense:
That luggage or baggage which is taken onto an airplane (or a ferry, etc.) with a passenger, rather than checked.


lexentry: eng/carry_oneself__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: carry oneself
trans_list: nosić
sense:
(idiomatic) To behave, especially with respect to how one's speech, body language, facial expressions, and grooming convey one's opinion concerning oneself.


lexentry: eng/cart__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cart
trans_list: wóz | wózek | fura
sense:
A small, open, wheeled vehicle, drawn or pushed by a person or animal, more often used for transporting goods than passengers.


lexentry: eng/cartel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cartel
trans_list: kartel
sense:
(economics) A group of businesses or nations that collude to limit competition within an industry or market.


lexentry: eng/cartilage__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cartilage
trans_list: chrząstka
sense:
(skeleton, uncountable) A usually translucent and somewhat elastic, dense, nonvascular connective tissue found in various forms in the larynx and respiratory tract, in structures such as the external ear, and in the articulating surfaces of joints. It composes most of the skeleton of vertebrate embryos, being replaced by bone during ossification in the higher vertebrates.


lexentry: eng/cartography__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cartography
trans_list: kartografia
sense:
(uncountable) The creation of charts and maps based on the layout of a territory's geography. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/cartridge__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cartridge
trans_list: nabój
sense:
(firearms) The package consisting of the bullet, primer, and casing containing gunpowder; a round of ammunition.


lexentry: eng/cartridge__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: cartridge
trans_list: kartridż | kartusz | kaseta drukująca | pojemnik z tuszem | wkład drukujący
sense:
(computing) A vessel which contains the ink or toner for a computer printer and can be easily replaced with another.


lexentry: eng/cartwheel__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cartwheel
trans_list: gwiazda
sense:
A gymnastic maneuver whereby the gymnast rotates to one side or the other while keeping arms and legs outstretched, spinning for one or more revolutions.


lexentry: eng/carve__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: carve
trans_list: ryć
sense:
To shape to sculptural effect; to produce (a work) by cutting, or to cut (a material) into a finished work, especially with cuts that are curved rather than only straight slices.


lexentry: eng/caryatid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caryatid
trans_list: kariatyda
sense:
A sculpted female figure serving as an architectural support taking the place of a column or a pillar supporting an entablature on her head.


lexentry: eng/caryopsis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caryopsis
trans_list: ziarniak
sense:
(botany) A type of fruit in which the fruit skin is stuck to the seed coat; especially the grain of a cereal.


lexentry: eng/cascabel__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cascabel
trans_list: grzechotnik
sense:
A knob at the end of a cannon, cast onto the gun breech, to which a heavy rope is attached in order to control recoil.


lexentry: eng/cascade__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: cascade
trans_list: kaskada
sense:
A series of electrical (or other types of) components, the output of any one being connected to the input of the next.


lexentry: eng/case_closed__Phrase__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: case closed
trans_list: sprawa zamknięta
sense:
Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see A case is closed; specifically, a police investigation or similar is resolved.


lexentry: eng/case_law__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: case law
trans_list: prawo precedensowe
sense:
Law developed by judges through court decisions and opinions, as distinct from statute and other legislation.


lexentry: eng/case_sensitive__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: case sensitive
trans_list: rozróżniający wielkość liter
sense:
(computer science) Distinguishing upper- and lower-case letters. Often used in computer science to indicate a distinction is made in comparison or equality of letters based on case. For example, a case-sensitive password will not recognize "Password" and "password" as the same, but a case insensitive comparison would.


lexentry: eng/case_study__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: case study
trans_list: studium przypadku
sense:
(uncountable) Research performed in detail on a single individual, group, incident or community, as opposed to, for instance, a sample of the whole population.


lexentry: eng/casemate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: casemate
trans_list: kazamata
sense:
(military) A bombproof chamber, usually of masonry, in which cannon may be placed, to be fired through embrasures; or one capable of being used as a magazine, or for quartering troops.


lexentry: eng/cash__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cash
trans_list: gotówka | pieniądze
sense:
(uncountable) Money in the form of notes/bills and coins, as opposed to cheques/checks or electronic transactions.


lexentry: eng/cash_desk__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cash desk
trans_list: kasa
sense:
A place in a restaurant, bar, or shop etc, typically containing a cash register, where a customer can pay the bill.


lexentry: eng/cash_on_delivery__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cash on delivery
trans_list: płatność przy odbiorze
sense:
A kind of transaction in which goods are paid for in full in cash or by certified check only once they are received by the buyer.


lexentry: eng/cash_register__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cash register
trans_list: kasa | kasa fiskalna
sense:
A machine that tabulates the amount of sales transactions, makes a permanent and cumulative record of them, and has a drawer in which cash can be kept.


lexentry: eng/cashew__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cashew
trans_list: nerkowiec
sense:
A tree, Anacardium occidentale, native to northeastern Brazil, now widely grown in tropical climates for its cashew nuts and cashew apples.


lexentry: eng/casserole__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: casserole
trans_list: naczynie żaroodporne
sense:
(countable) A dish of glass or earthenware, with a lid, in which food is baked and sometimes served.


lexentry: eng/cassette__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cassette
trans_list: kaseta
sense:
A small flat case containing magnetic tape on two reels, used to record and play back audio and video material.


lexentry: eng/cassock__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cassock
trans_list: sutanna
sense:
An item of clerical clothing: a long, sheath-like, close-fitting, ankle-length robe worn by clergy members of some Christian denominations. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/cassowary__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cassowary
trans_list: kazuar
sense:
A large flightless bird of the genus Casuarius that is native to Australia and New Guinea, has a characteristic bony crest on its head, and can be very dangerous.


lexentry: eng/cast__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cast
trans_list: linieć | ronić | uronić | wylinieć | zrzucać | zrzucić
sense:
(of an animal) To throw off (the skin) as a process of growth; to shed the hair or fur of the coat. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/cast__Verb__1
sense_num: 08
written_rep: cast
trans_list: odlewać | formować | odlać | uformować | ulać | ulewać
sense:
To shape (molten metal etc.) by pouring into a mould; to make (an object) in such a way. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/cast__Verb__1
sense_num: 10
written_rep: cast
trans_list: zarzucać | zarzucić
sense:
(nautical) To bring the bows of a sailing ship on to the required tack just as the anchor is weighed by use of the headsail; to bring (a ship) round. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/cast_off__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: cast off
trans_list: decydować
sense:
(intransitive, knitting) To finish the last row of knitted stitches and remove them securely from the needle.


lexentry: eng/castanet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: castanet
trans_list: kastaniety
sense:
(musical instruments, chiefly, in the plural) A single handheld percussion instrument consisting of a pair of concave shells or shell-shaped parts joined on one edge by string.


lexentry: eng/castellan__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: castellan
trans_list: kasztelan
sense:
(chiefly, _, historical) The governor or caretaker entrusted to oversee a castle or keep for its lord.


lexentry: eng/caster__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: caster
trans_list: koło kastora
sense:
(automotive) The angle of the axis around which a car's front wheels rotate when the steering wheel is turned, with a vertical axis being defined as zero caster.


lexentry: eng/caster_sugar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caster sugar
trans_list: cukier rafinowany
sense:
Granulated sugar that has been sifted to have a finer crystal size, so that it can be shaken out of the holes of a caster.


lexentry: eng/castigate__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: castigate
trans_list: krytykować | piętnować | potępiać
sense:
(transitive, formal) To execrate or condemn something in a harsh manner, especially by public criticism.


lexentry: eng/castle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: castle
trans_list: zamek
sense:
A large residential building or compound that is fortified and contains many defences; in previous ages often inhabited by a nobleman or king. Also, a house or mansion with some of the architectural features of medieval castles.


lexentry: eng/castle__Verb__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: castle
trans_list: wieża
sense:
(usually, _, intransitive, shogi) To create a similar defensive position in Japanese chess through several moves.


lexentry: eng/castle_in_the_air__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: castle in the air
trans_list: marzenia
sense:
(idiomatic) A desire, idea, or plan that is unlikely to ever be realized; a visionary project or scheme; a daydream, an idle fancy, a near impossibility. [from mid 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/castling__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: castling
trans_list: roszada
sense:
(chess) A move in which the king moves two squares towards a rook, and the rook moves to the other side of the king; the action of the verb to castle.


lexentry: eng/castor_oil_plant__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: castor oil plant
trans_list: rącznik pospolity
sense:
A plant of the species Ricinus communis, used in the production of castor oil and of the poison ricin.


lexentry: eng/castrato__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: castrato
trans_list: kastrat | eunuch | rzezaniec | trzebieniec
sense:
A male who has been castrated, especially a male whose testicles have been removed before puberty in order to retain his boyish voice.


lexentry: eng/castrato__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: castrato
trans_list: kastrat
sense:
A male soprano or alto voice produced by castration of the treble singer before puberty, intended to conserve his voice; the singer.


lexentry: eng/casualty__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: casualty
trans_list: ofiara | poszkodowany
sense:
(military) A person in military service who becomes unavailable for duty, for any reason (notably death, injury, illness, capture, or desertion).


lexentry: eng/casuistry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: casuistry
trans_list: kazuistyka
sense:
The process of answering practical questions via interpretation of rules, or of cases that illustrate such rules, especially in ethics; case-based reasoning.


lexentry: eng/cat's_claw__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cat's claw
trans_list: wibudłak
sense:
Martynia annua (small-fruit devil's-claw, tiger's-claw, iceplant), a plant species endemic to Brazil


lexentry: eng/cat-o'-nine-tails__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cat-o'-nine-tails
trans_list: kańczug
sense:
(nautical) A scourge (multi-tail whip) having nine, often knotted, whipcords, formerly used for flogging as naval punishment.


lexentry: eng/cat__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cat
trans_list: kot
sense:
Any similar animal of the family Felidae, which includes lions, tigers, bobcats, leopards, cougars, cheetahs, caracals, lynxes, and other such non-domesticated species.


lexentry: eng/cat_and_mouse__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cat and mouse
trans_list: bawić się w kotka i myszkę
sense:
A relationship in which two parties closely monitor and challenge one another in a suspicious or self-protective manner, often because each party is attempting to gain an advantage over the other.


lexentry: eng/cat_food__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cat food
trans_list: kotów
sense:
A type of food specially formulated for the feeding of cats, typically composed of processed grain and meat byproducts as dry food or canned fish or meat as wet food.


lexentry: eng/cat_thyme__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cat thyme
trans_list: ożanka
sense:
A low-growing herb, Teucrium marum, related to germander, which has a pungent scent that causes sneezing, but is attractive to cats.


lexentry: eng/catabolism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: catabolism
trans_list: katabolizm
sense:
(biochemistry) Destructive (lytic) metabolism or metabolization, usually including the release of energy and breakdown of materials.


lexentry: eng/catachresis__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: catachresis
trans_list: katachreza
sense:
(rhetoric) A misapplication or overextension of figurative or analogical description; a wrongly applied metaphor or trope.


lexentry: eng/catacomb__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: catacomb
trans_list: katakumby | katakumb | katakumba
sense:
(often plural) An underground system of tunnels and chambers with recesses for graves, used (in former times) as a cemetery; a tunnel system used for burying the dead, as in Paris or Ancient Rome.


lexentry: eng/catalectic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: catalectic
trans_list: katalektyczny
sense:
(poetry) (said of a line with incomplete meter) lacking a syllable at the end or ending with an incomplete foot.


lexentry: eng/catalepsy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: catalepsy
trans_list: katalepsja
sense:
(pathology) A severe bodily condition, described in psychiatric pathology, marked by sudden rigidity, fixation of posture, and loss of contact with environmental conditions.


lexentry: eng/catalyst__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: catalyst
trans_list: katalizator
sense:
(chemistry) A substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed in the process.


lexentry: eng/catalytic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: catalytic
trans_list: katalityczny
sense:
(chemistry) Of or relating to a catalyst; having properties facilitating chemical reaction or change.


lexentry: eng/catalytic_converter__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: catalytic converter
trans_list: katalizator
sense:
(automotive) A chamber containing a finely divided platinum catalyst in which carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons from vehicle exhaust are oxidized to carbon dioxide.


lexentry: eng/cataphract__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cataphract
trans_list: katafrakt
sense:
(military, historical) A soldier (especially a horseman) covered with a cataphract (etymology 1, sense 1).


lexentry: eng/catatonia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: catatonia
trans_list: katatonia
sense:
A severe psychiatric condition, often associated with schizophrenia, characterized by a tendency to remain in a rigid state of stupor for long periods which give way to short periods of extreme agitation.


lexentry: eng/catboat__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: catboat
trans_list: ket
sense:
A sailing boat with a single sail, usually rigged on a gaff spar, used for fishing in New England and later adapted for racing and cruising. It has a single mast set near to the bow and a long boom which may extend over the stern.


lexentry: eng/catch__Noun__1
sense_num: 09
written_rep: catch
trans_list: haczyk
sense:
(countable, sometimes, _, noun adjunct) A concealed difficulty, especially in a deal or negotiation.


lexentry: eng/catch__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: catch
trans_list: chwytać | chwycić | złapać | łapać
sense:
(transitive) To seize or intercept an object moving through the air (or, sometimes, some other medium). [from 16thc.]


lexentry: eng/catch_of_the_day__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: catch of the day
trans_list: partia
sense:
(idiomatic) A person who is a popular or desirable choice to be a partner in a prospective marital or romantic relationship.


lexentry: eng/catchment__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: catchment
trans_list: basen
sense:
(often, attributive) Any structure or land feature which catches and holds water; the collection of such water.


lexentry: eng/catchword__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: catchword
trans_list: kustosz
sense:
(printing, historical) A word under the right-hand side of the last line on a book page that repeats the first word on the following page.


lexentry: eng/catecholamine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: catecholamine
trans_list: katecholamina
sense:
(biochemistry) Any of a class of aromatic amines derived from pyrocatechol that are hormones produced by the adrenal gland.


lexentry: eng/catechumen__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: catechumen
trans_list: katechumen | katechumenka
sense:
A convert to Christianity under instruction before baptism; a young or recent Christian preparing for confirmation.


lexentry: eng/category__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: category
trans_list: kategoria
sense:
A group, often named or numbered, to which items are assigned based on similarity or defined criteria.


lexentry: eng/category__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: category
trans_list: kategoria
sense:
(mathematics) A collection of objects, together with a transitively closed collection of composable arrows between them, such that every object has an identity arrow, and such that arrow composition is associative.


lexentry: eng/caterpillar_track__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caterpillar track
trans_list: gąsienica
sense:
A continuous track in the form of a steel or rubber belt fitted instead of wheels to crawlers, bulldozers, excavators, loaders, backhoes, tanks and similar off-road vehicles.


lexentry: eng/catgirl__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: catgirl
trans_list: dziewczyna-kot
sense:
(chiefly, Japanese and Japanese-influenced fiction) A female fictional character who has a cat's ears, tail, or other feline characteristics on an otherwise humanoid body.


lexentry: eng/catharsis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: catharsis
trans_list: katharsis
sense:
(drama) A release of emotional tension after an overwhelming vicarious experience, resulting in the purging or purification of the emotions, as through watching a dramatic production (especially a tragedy).


lexentry: eng/catharsis__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: catharsis
trans_list: katharsis
sense:
(psychology) A therapeutic technique to relieve tension by re-establishing the association of an emotion with the memory or idea of the event that first caused it, and then eliminating it by complete expression (called the abreaction).


lexentry: eng/cathedral__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cathedral
trans_list: katedra
sense:
The principal church of an archbishop's/bishop's archdiocese/diocese which contains an episcopal throne.


lexentry: eng/catheter__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: catheter
trans_list: cewnik | kateter
sense:
(medicine) A small tube inserted into a body cavity to administer a drug, create an opening, distend a passageway, or remove fluid.


lexentry: eng/cathetus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cathetus
trans_list: przyprostokątna
sense:
(geometry) A line perpendicular to a surface (or line); in particular, either of the sides of a right triangle other than its hypotenuse.


lexentry: eng/cathode__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cathode
trans_list: katoda
sense:
(electricity) An electrode, of a cell or other electrically polarized device, through which a positive current of electricity flows outwards (and thus, electrons flow inwards). It can have either a negative or a positive voltage with respect to anode of the same polarized device (depending on whether the device is a load or a source, respectively).


lexentry: eng/catkin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: catkin
trans_list: bazia | kotka
sense:
(botany) A type of inflorescence, consisting of an axis with many unisexual apetalous flowers along its sides, as in the willow and poplar.


lexentry: eng/catnip__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: catnip
trans_list: kocimiętka
sense:
Any of the about 250 species of flowering plant of the genus Nepeta, family Lamiaceae, certain of which are said to have medicinal qualities.


lexentry: eng/catnip__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: catnip
trans_list: kocimiętka właściwa
sense:
Nepeta cataria and Nepeta grandiflora (and perhaps other species), which are well-known for causing an apparently harmless pheromone-based intoxication among certain cats.


lexentry: eng/catoblepas__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: catoblepas
trans_list: katoblepas
sense:
A legendary creature from Ethiopia, said to have the body of a Cape buffalo, scales on its back, and the head of a wild boar, which always points downward because of its weight.


lexentry: eng/catperson__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: catperson
trans_list: kociarz
sense:
(fiction) An anthropomorphic feline, or an individual who has characteristics of a cat on an otherwise human body, such as cat ears and a cat tail.


lexentry: eng/cattail__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cattail
trans_list: pałka
sense:
Any of several perennial herbs, of the genus Typha, that have long flat leaves, and grow in marshy places.


lexentry: eng/catty__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: catty
trans_list: chabet
sense:
(informal, of a person or remark) With subtle hostility in an effort to hurt, annoy, or upset, particularly among women.


lexentry: eng/caul__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: caul
trans_list: czepek
sense:
The amnion which encloses the foetus before birth, especially that part of it which sometimes shrouds a baby’s head at birth (traditionally considered to be good luck). [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/cauliflower__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cauliflower
trans_list: kalafior
sense:
Brassica oleracea var. botrytis, an annual variety of cabbage, of which the cluster of young flower stalks and buds is eaten as a vegetable.


lexentry: eng/caulking_gun__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caulking gun
trans_list: pistolet wyciskowy
sense:
A tool for applying sealant, adhesives, etc., consisting of a metal skeleton with spring-loaded trigger into which a tube of sealant, caulk, etc., is fitted.


lexentry: eng/cause__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cause
trans_list: przyczyna
sense:
(countable, often with of, typically of adverse results) The source of, or reason for, an event or action; that which produces or effects a result.


lexentry: eng/cause_of_death__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cause of death
trans_list: przyczyna śmierci
sense:
The official cause of a human death as typically determined by a coroner during an autopsy and included on the deceased's death certificate.


lexentry: eng/causeway__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: causeway
trans_list: droga na grobli | grobla
sense:
A road that is raised so as to be above water, marshland, and similar low-lying obstacles, which in some cases may flood periodically (e.g. due to tides). Originally causeways were much like dykes, generally pierced to let water through, whereas many modern causeways are more like bridges or viaducts.


lexentry: eng/caution_-_slippery_when_wet__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caution - slippery when wet
trans_list: uwaga - ﻿nawierzchnia śliska, gdy mokra
sense:
Warning, often in the form of a sign, that people should pay attention when walking on a wet and slippery floor not to fall down and get injured.


lexentry: eng/caution__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caution
trans_list: ostrzeżenie | przestroga
sense:
Prudence when faced with, or when expecting to face, danger; care taken in order to avoid risk or harm.


lexentry: eng/caution__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: caution
trans_list: ostrożność | przezorność | roztropność | uwaga
sense:
A careful attention to the probable effects of an act, in order that failure or harm may be avoided.


lexentry: eng/cavalier__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cavalier
trans_list: jeździec
sense:
(historical) A military man serving on horse, (chiefly) early modern cavalry officers who had abandoned the heavy armor of medieval knights.


lexentry: eng/cave_painting__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cave painting
trans_list: malarstwo jaskiniowe | malarstwo naskalne
sense:
(uncountable) The paintings resulting from this activity regarded collectively, especially if prehistoric; cave art; (countable) an individual painting of this type.


lexentry: eng/cavitation__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cavitation
trans_list: kawitacja
sense:
(fluid dynamics) The formation, in a fluid, of vapor bubbles that rapidly collapse, especially in a rotating marine propeller or pump impeller.


lexentry: eng/cavity__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cavity
trans_list: ubytek
sense:
(dentistry) A small or large hole in a tooth caused by caries; often also a soft area adjacent to the hole also affected by caries.


lexentry: eng/cedar__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: cedar
trans_list: cedr
sense:
(uncountable) The aromatic wood from a Cedrus tree, or from any of several not closely related trees.


lexentry: eng/celebrate__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: celebrate
trans_list: obchodzić | celebrować
sense:
(transitive) To honour by rites, by ceremonies of joy and respect, or by refraining from ordinary business; to observe duly.


lexentry: eng/celebrity__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: celebrity
trans_list: gwiazda | celebryta | celebrytka | osobowość medialna
sense:
A person who has a high degree of recognition by the general population for his or her success or accomplishments; a famous person. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/celeriac__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: celeriac
trans_list: seler
sense:
A form of celery, Apium graveolens, having an aromatic taproot eaten as a vegetable. [from mid 18th century]


lexentry: eng/celesta__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: celesta
trans_list: czelesta
sense:
(musical instruments) A musical instrument consisting principally of a set of graduated steel plates struck with hammers that are activated by a keyboard.


lexentry: eng/celestial_body__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: celestial body
trans_list: ciało niebieskie
sense:
(astronomy, astrology) A natural object which is located outside of Earth's atmosphere, such as a comet, an asteroid, the Moon, a planet, the Sun, or a star.


lexentry: eng/celestial_sphere__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: celestial sphere
trans_list: sfera niebieska
sense:
(astronomy) The apparent outer limit of space; an abstract sphere of infinite radius which serves as the imaginary backdrop for celestial objects, and of which the visible sky is one hemisphere.


lexentry: eng/celestine__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: celestine
trans_list: celestyn
sense:
(mineral) A mineral with orthorhombic crystals, SrSO4, colourless or white with blue and sometimes red shades.


lexentry: eng/cell__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: cell
trans_list: komórka
sense:
(biology, now, chiefly, botany) Any of various chambers in a tissue or organism having specific functions. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/cell__Noun__1
sense_num: 08
written_rep: cell
trans_list: ogniwo | komórka
sense:
(obsolete) Specifically, any of the supposed compartments of the brain, formerly thought to be the source of specific mental capacities, knowledge, or memories. [14th–19th c.]


lexentry: eng/cell__Noun__1
sense_num: 11
written_rep: cell
trans_list: ogniwo | komórka
sense:
A device which stores electrical power; used either singly or together in batteries; the basic unit of a battery. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/cell__Noun__1
sense_num: 12
written_rep: cell
trans_list: komórka | cela
sense:
(biology) The basic unit of a living organism, consisting of a quantity of protoplasm surrounded by a cell membrane, which is able to synthesize proteins and replicate itself. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/cell__Noun__1
sense_num: 13
written_rep: cell
trans_list: komórka burzowa
sense:
(meteorology) A small thunderstorm, caused by convection, that forms ahead of a storm front. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/cell__Noun__1
sense_num: 14
written_rep: cell
trans_list: komórka
sense:
(cellular automata) The minimal unit of a cellular automaton that can change state and has an associated behavior. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/cell__Noun__1
sense_num: 16
written_rep: cell
trans_list: ogniwo | komórka
sense:
A small group of people forming part of a larger organization, often an outlawed one. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/cell_wall__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cell wall
trans_list: ściana komórkowa
sense:
(cytology) A thick, fairly rigid, layer formed around individual cells of bacteria, Archaea, fungi, plants, and algae (but not animals and other protists which generally have cell membranes without cell walls). The cell wall is external to the cell membrane and serves a structural function helping the cell maintain its shape and protecting the cell from damage.


lexentry: eng/cello__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cello
trans_list: wiolonczela
sense:
A large unfretted stringed instrument of the violin family with four strings tuned (lowest to highest) C-G-D-A and an endpin to support its weight, usually played with a bow.


lexentry: eng/celluloid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: celluloid
trans_list: celuloid
sense:
Any of a variety of thermoplastics created from nitrocellulose and camphor, once used as photographic film.


lexentry: eng/cellulose__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cellulose
trans_list: celuloza
sense:
A complex carbohydrate that forms the main constituent of the cell wall in most plants and is important in the manufacture of numerous products, such as paper, textiles, pharmaceuticals, and explosives.


lexentry: eng/cellulose_acetate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cellulose acetate
trans_list: acetyloceluloza | octan celulozy
sense:
A biopolymer material of diverse uses including as photographic film stock, as a component in some coatings, as a frame material for eyeglasses, and as a synthetic fiber in the manufacture of cigarette filters and playing cards and in various textiles.


lexentry: eng/cement__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cement
trans_list: cement
sense:
(uncountable) The paste-like substance resulting from mixing such a powder with water, or the rock-like substance that forms when it dries.


lexentry: eng/cement_mixer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cement mixer
trans_list: betoniarka | betonowóz | gruszka do betonu
sense:
A device used in construction in which cement, aggregate and water are slowly mixed together in a revolving drum to form concrete.


lexentry: eng/cenotaph__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cenotaph
trans_list: cenotaf
sense:
A monument, generally in the form of an empty tomb, erected to honour the dead whose bodies lie elsewhere, especially members of the armed forces who died in battle.


lexentry: eng/censor__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: censor
trans_list: cenzurować | ocenzurować
sense:
(transitive) To review for, and if necessary to remove or suppress, content from books, films, correspondence, and other media which is regarded as objectionable (for example, obscene, likely to incite violence, or sensitive).


lexentry: eng/censorship__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: censorship
trans_list: cenzura
sense:
The use of state or group power to control freedom of expression or press, such as passing laws to prevent media from being published or propagated.


lexentry: eng/census__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: census
trans_list: spis ludności | spis statystyczny
sense:
An official count or enumeration of members of a population (not necessarily human), usually residents or citizens in a particular region, often done at regular intervals.


lexentry: eng/cent__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cent
trans_list: cent
sense:
(money) A subunit of currency equal to one-hundredth of the main unit of currency in many countries. Symbol: ¢.


lexentry: eng/centaur__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: centaur
trans_list: centaur
sense:
(Greek mythology) A mythical beast having a horse's body with a man's head and torso in place of the head and neck of the horse.


lexentry: eng/center__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: center
trans_list: centrum | środek
sense:
(geometry) The point in the interior of any figure of any number of dimensions that has as its coordinates the arithmetic mean of the coordinates of all points on the perimeter of the figure (or of all points in the interior for a center of volume).


lexentry: eng/center__Noun__1
sense_num: 12
written_rep: center
trans_list: środek
sense:
(engineering) A conical recess or indentation in the end of a shaft or other work, to receive the point of a center, on which the work can turn, as in a lathe.


lexentry: eng/center_of_gravity__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: center of gravity
trans_list: środek ciężkości
sense:
(physics) A point, near or within a body, through which its weight can be assumed to act when considering forces on the body and its motion under gravity. This coincides with the center of mass in a uniform gravitational field.


lexentry: eng/center_of_gravity__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: center of gravity
trans_list: środek ciężkości
sense:
(metaphorical) The most central or important part of something, which	its other parts are considered in relation to.


lexentry: eng/centerfold__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: centerfold
trans_list: rozkładówka
sense:
The single larger sheet of paper that forms the middle two pages of a magazine or other publication, folded so as to open wider than a standard page spread.


lexentry: eng/centi-__Prefix__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: centi-
trans_list: centy-
sense:
(specifically) In the International System of Units and other metric systems of units, multiplying the unit to which it is attached by 10-2. Symbol: c


lexentry: eng/centimetre__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: centimetre
trans_list: centymetr
sense:
(British spelling, Canadian spelling) (metrology) An SI unit of length equal to 10−2 metres. Symbol: cm


lexentry: eng/centipede__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: centipede
trans_list: stonoga | parecznik
sense:
Any arthropod of class Chilopoda, which have a segmented body with one pair of legs per segment and from about 20 to 300 legs in total.


lexentry: eng/central_bank__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: central bank
trans_list: bank centralny | bank emisyjny
sense:
(banking) The principal monetary authority of a polity or monetary union; it normally regulates the supply of money, issues currency and controls interest rates. It usually oversees banking activity within its country's borders.


lexentry: eng/central_business_district__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: central business district
trans_list: centrum
sense:
The central area of a city in which there is a concentration of certain retail and business activities, especially in older cities with rail transportation.


lexentry: eng/central_heating__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: central heating
trans_list: centralne ogrzewanie
sense:
Any of various heating systems in which a central source of heat is used to distribute heat (and sometimes hot water) throughout a building in a controlled manner.


lexentry: eng/central_nervous_system__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: central nervous system
trans_list: ośrodkowy układ nerwowy
sense:
(neuroanatomy) In vertebrates, that part of the nervous system comprising the brain, brainstem and spinal cord.


lexentry: eng/central_processing_unit__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: central processing unit
trans_list: procesor
sense:
(computer hardware) The part of a computer that fetches, decodes and executes instructions; attached directly to the memory.


lexentry: eng/centralization__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: centralization
trans_list: centralizacja
sense:
The act or process of centralizing, or the state of being centralized; the act or process of combining or reducing several parts into a whole


lexentry: eng/centre-back__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: centre-back
trans_list: stoper
sense:
(soccer) A central defender, a player who plays in the centre of defence, just in front of the goalkeeper


lexentry: eng/centre-left__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: centre-left
trans_list: centrolewicowy
sense:
(politics) Leaning to the left but closer to the centre on the left–right political spectrum than other leftist variants.


lexentry: eng/centre-right__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: centre-right
trans_list: centroprawicowy
sense:
(politics) Leaning to the right but closer to the centre on the left–right political spectrum than other rightist variants.


lexentry: eng/centre_of_mass__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: centre of mass
trans_list: barycentrum | środek ciężkości
sense:
(mathematics, physics) A point, near, or within a body at which the object's mass can be assumed to be concentrated; it coincides with the centroid for a body of uniform density, and with the centre of gravity in a uniform gravitational field.


lexentry: eng/centrifugal_force__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: centrifugal force
trans_list: siła odśrodkowa
sense:
(physics) In circular motion, the 'reactive' centrifugal force is a real force applied by the accelerating body that is equal and opposite to the centripetal force that is acting on the accelerating body.


lexentry: eng/centrifuge__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: centrifuge
trans_list: wirówka | centryfuga
sense:
By extension, any device which rotates in order to produce artificial gravity (in the form of centrifugal force)


lexentry: eng/centriole__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: centriole
trans_list: centriola
sense:
(biology) A barrel-shaped microtubule structure found in most animal cells, important in the process of mitosis (nuclear division).


lexentry: eng/century__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: century
trans_list: wiek | stulecie
sense:
A period of 100 consecutive years; often specifically a numbered period with conventional start and end dates, e.g., the twentieth century, which stretches from (strictly) 1901 through 2000, or (informally) 1900 through 1999. The first century AD was from 1 to 100.


lexentry: eng/century__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: century
trans_list: centuria
sense:
A unit in ancient Roman army, originally of 100 army soldiers as part of a cohort, later of more varied sizes (but typically containing 60 to 70 or 80) soldiers or other men (guards, police, firemen), commanded by a centurion.


lexentry: eng/cephalosporin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cephalosporin
trans_list: cefalosporyna
sense:
Any of a class of natural and synthetic antibiotics developed from Acremonium fungi, having a cepham structure.


lexentry: eng/ceramic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ceramic
trans_list: ceramiczny
sense:
Made of material produced by the high-temperature firing of inorganic, nonmetallic rocks and minerals.


lexentry: eng/ceramic__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ceramic
trans_list: ceramika
sense:
(uncountable) A hard, brittle, inorganic, nonmetallic material, usually made from a material, such as clay, then firing it at a high tempature.


lexentry: eng/ceramide__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ceramide
trans_list: ceramid
sense:
(biochemistry) Any of various lipids formed by linking a fatty acid to sphingosine and found widely but in small amounts in plant and animal tissue


lexentry: eng/cerebellum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cerebellum
trans_list: móżdżek
sense:
(neuroanatomy) Part of the hindbrain in vertebrates. In humans it lies between the brainstem and the back of the cerebrum and is formed of two lateral lobes and a median lobe. It plays an important role in sensory perception, motor output, balance and posture.


lexentry: eng/cerebral_aqueduct__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cerebral aqueduct
trans_list: wodociąg mózgu
sense:
(neuroanatomy) The channel in the brain which connects the third ventricle to the fourth ventricle. It is surrounded by the periaqueductal gray.


lexentry: eng/cerebral_cortex__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cerebral cortex
trans_list: kora mózgowa | kora mózgu
sense:
(neuroanatomy) The grey, folded, outermost layer of the cerebrum that is responsible for higher brain processes such as sensation, voluntary muscle movement, thought, reasoning, and memory.


lexentry: eng/cerebral_palsy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cerebral palsy
trans_list: mózgowe porażenie dziecięce | porażenie mózgowe
sense:
(neurology, pathology) A group of non-progressive, non-contagious conditions, caused by brain damage before birth or during infancy, characterized by impairment of muscular coordination.


lexentry: eng/cerebrovascular_accident__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cerebrovascular accident
trans_list: apopleksja
sense:
(medicine, formal, sometimes, euphemistic) Stroke (loss of brain function arising when the blood supply to the brain is suddenly interrupted).


lexentry: eng/cerebrum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cerebrum
trans_list: kresomózgowie
sense:
(neuroanatomy) The principal and most anterior part of the brain in vertebrates, which is located in the front area of the skull and divided into two hemispheres, left and right, separated by a fissure. In humans it is the largest part of the brain and is responsible for the integration of complex sensory functions and the initiation and coordination of voluntary activity, and the higher mental functions such as consciousness, thought, reason, emotion, and memory.


lexentry: eng/ceremony__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: ceremony
trans_list: ceremonia
sense:
(uncountable) A formal socially established behaviour, often in relation to people of different ranks; formality.


lexentry: eng/cerium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cerium
trans_list: cer
sense:
A chemical element (symbol Ce) with an atomic number of 58, a very soft, ductile, silvery-white metal that tarnishes when exposed to air.


lexentry: eng/certain__Adjective__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: certain
trans_list: jakiś | niejaki
sense:
Particular and definite, but unspecified or unnamed; used to introduce someone or something without going into further detail.


lexentry: eng/certify__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: certify
trans_list: certyfikować
sense:
(transitive) To attest that a product, service, organization, or person has met an official standard.


lexentry: eng/cervical_cancer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cervical cancer
trans_list: rak szyjki macicy
sense:
(pathology, oncology) A type of cancer of the cervix of the uterus which can afflict some female mammals including humans. The term usually does not refer to cancer of the neck or other parts of the anatomy which use the term cervix.


lexentry: eng/cervical_cap__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cervical cap
trans_list: Diaphragma | Wkładka domaciczna
sense:
A small latex or silicone contraceptive device that fits over the cervix and stays in place either by suction or by surface viscosity.


lexentry: eng/cervix__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: cervix
trans_list: szyjka macicy
sense:
(now, specifically) The cervix uteri, or lower, narrow portion of the uterus where it joins with the top end of the vagina.


lexentry: eng/ceviche__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ceviche
trans_list: ceviche
sense:
(cooking) Raw seafood cured by marination in an acidic medium such as citrus, vinegar, or other souring agent, found primarily in Latin America.


lexentry: eng/chador__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chador
trans_list: czador | czadra
sense:
A loose robe, made from a single cloth, worn as a combination head covering, veil and shawl by Muslim women, especially in Iran.


lexentry: eng/chaffinch__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chaffinch
trans_list: zięba
sense:
A small passerine bird, Fringilla coelebs, of the finch family, found throughout Europe and eastward to Iran and eastern Mediterranean coastlands.


lexentry: eng/chagrin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chagrin
trans_list: poczucie klęski
sense:
Distress of mind caused by a failure of aims or plans, want of appreciation, mistakes etc; vexation or mortification.


lexentry: eng/chain__Noun__1
sense_num: 08
written_rep: chain
trans_list: łańcuch
sense:
(mathematics, set theory, order theory) A totally ordered set, especially a totally ordered subset of a poset.


lexentry: eng/chain_letter__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chain letter
trans_list: łańcuszek
sense:
A letter that can be mailed successively to different recipients, with each recipient ostensibly (but sometimes sarcastically) being instructed in the body of the letter to mail the letter to another person or persons.


lexentry: eng/chain_of_command__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chain of command
trans_list: hierarchia służbowa
sense:
(military) The command hierarchy or structure in which one rank obeys the one above it, which obeys the one above it, and so forth.


lexentry: eng/chain_reaction__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chain reaction
trans_list: reakcja łańcuchowa
sense:
(chemistry) A chemical reaction where the products of the reaction influence the reactants of a following reaction, leading to positive feedback.


lexentry: eng/chain_reaction__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: chain reaction
trans_list: reakcja łańcuchowa
sense:
(nuclear physics) A nuclear reaction in which particles produced by the fission of one atom trigger fissions of other atoms.


lexentry: eng/chain_store__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chain store
trans_list: filia
sense:
A retail outlet that is one of a group of similar establishments having common format, contents, ownership and management.


lexentry: eng/chainring__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chainring
trans_list: korona
sense:
The large forward ring on a bicycle that a chain attaches to, in order to transfer energy to a wheel. It consists of one or more sprockets that are driven by the cranks and pedals of the bicycle.


lexentry: eng/chainsaw__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chainsaw
trans_list: piła łańcuchowa | pilarka łańcuchowa
sense:
(forestry, machinery, DIY) A power saw that has a power-driven and fast-revolving chain of metal teeth, usually used to cut trees.


lexentry: eng/chair__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chair
trans_list: krzesło
sense:
An item of furniture used to sit on or in, comprising a seat, legs or wheels, back, and sometimes arm rests, for use by one person. Compare stool, couch, sofa, settee, loveseat and bench.


lexentry: eng/chairlift__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chairlift
trans_list: kolej krzesełkowa | wyciąg krzesełkowy | kolejka krzesełkowa
sense:
A continuously moving series of open seats, slung from overhead cables, used to transport people (especially skiers) up the sides of mountains.


lexentry: eng/chaise_longue__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chaise longue
trans_list: szezlong
sense:
(chiefly, _, UK) A reclining chair with a long seat, which can support the outstretched legs of a sitter normally with one armrest.


lexentry: eng/chakra__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chakra
trans_list: ćakra | czakra | czakram
sense:
(Hinduism, Ayurveda) Any of (at least) seven centres of spiritual energy in or near the body, according to Ayurveda philosophy.


lexentry: eng/chalcedony__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chalcedony
trans_list: chalcedon
sense:
A form of fine-grained quartz that is nearly transparent or has a milky translucence; it fractures conchoidally.


lexentry: eng/chalcogen__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chalcogen
trans_list: tlenowiec
sense:
(inorganic chemistry) Any element of group 16 of the periodic table: oxygen, sulfur, selenium, tellurium or polonium.


lexentry: eng/chalcopyrite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chalcopyrite
trans_list: chalkopiryt
sense:
(mineral) A yellow mineral that is a mixed sulfide of copper and iron, with the chemical formula CuFeS2.


lexentry: eng/chalice__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chalice
trans_list: kielich | puchar
sense:
A large drinking cup, often having a stem and base and used especially for formal occasions and religious ceremonies.


lexentry: eng/chalk__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: chalk
trans_list: kreda
sense:
(countable) A piece of chalk, or nowadays processed compressed gypsum (calcium sulfate, CaSO4), that is used for drawing and for writing on a blackboard (chalkboard).


lexentry: eng/chalk__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: chalk
trans_list: magnezja
sense:
(uncountable, climbing, gymnastics) A white powdery substance used to prevent hands slipping from holds when climbing, or losing grip in weight-lifting or gymnastics, sometimes but not always limestone-chalk, often magnesium carbonate (MgCO3).


lexentry: eng/chalk_and_cheese__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chalk and cheese
trans_list: powierzchownie podobny
sense:
(British, NZ, idiomatic) Said of things that are very different, though possibly superficially alike.


lexentry: eng/challah__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: challah
trans_list: chałka
sense:
(countable) A traditional bread eaten by Ashkenazi Jews, usually braided for the Sabbath and round for a yom tov.


lexentry: eng/challenge__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: challenge
trans_list: wyzwanie
sense:
A difficult task, especially one that the person making the attempt finds more enjoyable because of that difficulty.


lexentry: eng/challenge__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: challenge
trans_list: wyzwanie
sense:
(legal, rare) A judge's interest in the result of a case, constituting grounds for them to not be allowed to sit the case (e.g., a conflict of interest).


lexentry: eng/challenger__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: challenger
trans_list: konkurent
sense:
One who challenges; especially, one who plays against the current champion of a game or contest in hopes of winning and becoming the new champion.


lexentry: eng/chamber_pot__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chamber pot
trans_list: nocnik
sense:
A container used for urination and defecation, particularly those used in early modern towns before the advent of the flush toilet.


lexentry: eng/chamberlain__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chamberlain
trans_list: szambelan
sense:
A senior royal official in charge of superintending the arrangement of domestic affairs and often charged with receiving and paying out money kept in the royal chamber, especially in the United Kingdom and in Denmark.


lexentry: eng/chameleon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chameleon
trans_list: kameleon
sense:
A small to mid-size reptile, of the family Chamaeleonidae, and one of the best known lizard families able to change color and project its long tongue.


lexentry: eng/champagne__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: champagne
trans_list: szampan
sense:
(countable, uncountable) A sparkling white wine made from a blend of grapes, especially Chardonnay and pinot, produced in Champagne, France, by the méthode champenoise.


lexentry: eng/chancel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chancel
trans_list: prezbiterium
sense:
The space around the altar in a church, often enclosed, for use by the clergy and the choir. In medieval cathedrals the chancel was usually enclosed or blocked off from the nave by an altar screen.


lexentry: eng/chancellor__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chancellor
trans_list: kanclerz
sense:
A senior secretary or official with administrative or legal duties, sometimes in charge of some area of government such as finance or justice.


lexentry: eng/chancroid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chancroid
trans_list: szankier
sense:
(pathology) A sexually transmitted infection, caused by bacteria of species Haemophilus ducreyi, characterized by painful sores on the genitalia.


lexentry: eng/change__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: change
trans_list: bilon
sense:
(uncountable) An amount of cash, usually in the form of coins, but sometimes inclusive of paper money.


lexentry: eng/change_horses_in_midstream__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: change horses in midstream
trans_list: zmieniać plan w połowie | zmienić plan w połowie
sense:
(idiomatic) To change one's plan or approach when an effort is already underway or at another inopportune time.


lexentry: eng/changeling__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: changeling
trans_list: odmieniec
sense:
(European folklore, also, figurative) In pre-modern European folklore: an infant of a magical creature that was secretly exchanged for a human infant. In British, Irish and Scandinavian mythology the exchanged infants were thought to be those of fairies, sprites or trolls; in other places, they were ascribed to demons, devils, or witches.


lexentry: eng/changing_room__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: changing room
trans_list: przebieralnia
sense:
A room, especially in a gym, sports center, school, swimming pool, etc, designed for people to change their clothes.


lexentry: eng/changing_room__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: changing room
trans_list: przymierzalnia
sense:
A room or enclosure, e.g. in a clothes shop, where people try on clothes they are interested in buying.


lexentry: eng/channel__Noun__1
sense_num: 15
written_rep: channel
trans_list: kanał
sense:
(broadcasting) A specific radio frequency or band of frequencies, usually in conjunction with a predetermined letter, number, or codeword, and allocated by international agreement.


lexentry: eng/chanterelle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chanterelle
trans_list: kurka | pieprznik
sense:
(mushroom) A widely distributed edible mushroom, Cantharellus cibarius, being yellow and trumpet-shaped; or any similar mushroom of the genera Cantharellus, Polyozellus or Gomphus, not all of which are edible.


lexentry: eng/chaos__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: chaos
trans_list: chaos
sense:
(mathematics) A behaviour of iterative non-linear systems in which arbitrarily small variations in initial conditions become magnified over time.


lexentry: eng/chaos_theory__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chaos theory
trans_list: teoria chaosu
sense:
(mathematics) The study of iterative non-linear systems in which arbitrarily small variations in initial conditions become magnified over time.


lexentry: eng/chapbook__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chapbook
trans_list: książeczka liryczna
sense:
A small book, usually made from a single sheet, folded several times, containing poems, ballads or religious tracts


lexentry: eng/chapel_of_ease__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chapel of ease
trans_list: kaplica filialna
sense:
A chapel built in a remote part of a parish to meet the needs of those who live far from the parish church.


lexentry: eng/chapelmaster__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chapelmaster
trans_list: kapelmistrz
sense:
A director of music in a chapel, the musical director of a court and/or major church's choir and/or orchestra; often also a composer.


lexentry: eng/chaperone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chaperone
trans_list: przyzwoitka
sense:
An older person who accompanies other younger people to ensure the propriety of their behaviour, often an older woman accompanying a young woman.


lexentry: eng/chaperone__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: chaperone
trans_list: białko opiekuńcze
sense:
(biochemistry) A protein that assists the non-covalent folding/unfolding and the assembly/disassembly of other macromolecular structures, but does not occur in these structures when the latter are performing their normal biological functions.


lexentry: eng/chaplain__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chaplain
trans_list: kapelan
sense:
A member of a religious body who is (often, although not always, of the clergy) officially assigned to provide pastoral care at an institution, group, private chapel, etc.


lexentry: eng/chapter__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chapter
trans_list: rozdział | dział | filia
sense:
A section of a work, a collection of works, or fragments of works, often manuscripts or transcriptions, created by scholars or advocates, not the original authors, to aid in finding portions of the texts.


lexentry: eng/charabanc__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: charabanc
trans_list: szaraban
sense:
(British, historical) A horse-drawn, and then later, motorized omnibus with open sides, and often, no roof.


lexentry: eng/character__Noun__1
sense_num: 09
written_rep: character
trans_list: charakter | postać | usposobienie
sense:
(countable, computing) One of the basic elements making up a text file or string: a code representing a printing character or a control character.


lexentry: eng/charades__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: charades
trans_list: kalambury
sense:
A game in which each player acts out a word or phrase, usually based on puns of each syllable and without speaking, for the others to guess.


lexentry: eng/charcoal__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: charcoal
trans_list: węgiel drzewny
sense:
(countable, uncountable) impure carbon obtained by destructive distillation of wood or other organic matter, that is, heating it in the absence of oxygen.


lexentry: eng/chard__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chard
trans_list: botwina | boćwina
sense:
(uncountable, culinary) An edible leafy vegetable, Beta vulgaris subsp. cicla, with a slightly bitter taste.


lexentry: eng/charge__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: charge
trans_list: podopieczna | podopieczny
sense:
Someone or something entrusted to one's care, such as a child to a babysitter or a student to a teacher.


lexentry: eng/charge__Verb__1
sense_num: 10
written_rep: charge
trans_list: ładować | naładować
sense:
(transitive) To load equipment with material required for its use, as a firearm with powder, a fire hose with water, a chemical reactor with raw materials.


lexentry: eng/charge__Verb__1
sense_num: 10
written_rep: charge
trans_list: ładować | naładować
sense:
(transitive) To replenish energy to (a battery, or a device containing a battery) by use of an electrical device plugged into a power outlet.


lexentry: eng/charge__Verb__1
sense_num: 11
written_rep: charge
trans_list: oskarżać | oskarżyć
sense:
(cricket, of a, batsman) To take a few steps down the pitch towards the bowler as they deliver the ball, either to disrupt the length of the delivery, or to get into a better position to hit the ball.


lexentry: eng/charger__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: charger
trans_list: rumak
sense:
(historical, military) A large horse trained for battle and used by the cavalry (of a lighter build than a destrier).


lexentry: eng/chargé_d'affaires__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chargé d'affaires
trans_list: chargé d'affaires
sense:
(diplomacy) A diplomat, ranking below an ambassador, who heads a diplomatic mission when no ambassador is present, either temporarily (in the interim between the departure of one ambassador and the accreditation of another) or for an extended time.


lexentry: eng/charism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: charism
trans_list: charyzmat
sense:
(Christianity, theology) A power or authority, generally of a spiritual nature, believed to be a freely given gift by the Grace of God.


lexentry: eng/charismatic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: charismatic
trans_list: charyzmatyczny
sense:
Of, related to, or being a member of a form of Christianity that emphasizes the role of the Holy Spirit.


lexentry: eng/charismatic_megafauna__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: charismatic megafauna
trans_list: charyzmatyczna megafauna
sense:
Large animals with broad popular appeal, especially as used by activists to focus public opinion on environmentalist goals.


lexentry: eng/charity__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: charity
trans_list: działalność charytatywna | charytatywność
sense:
(uncountable) Benevolence to others less fortunate than ourselves; the providing of goods or money to those in need.


lexentry: eng/charity__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: charity
trans_list: charytatywność
sense:
In general, an attitude of kindness and understanding towards others, now especially suggesting generosity.


lexentry: eng/charity__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: charity
trans_list: działalność charytatywna | charytatywność
sense:
(archaic, Christianity) Christian love; representing God's love of man, man's love of God, or man's love of his fellow-men.


lexentry: eng/charity_shop__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: charity shop
trans_list: sklep charytatywny
sense:
(UK) A shop to where goods are donated, and sold on at cheap prices, with all the profits going to charity


lexentry: eng/charivari__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: charivari
trans_list: szarawary
sense:
The noisy banging of pots and pans as a mock serenade to a newly married couple, or similar occasion.


lexentry: eng/charlock__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: charlock
trans_list: gorczyca polna | ognicha | modrych | rzepnica | świerzop | świrzepa
sense:
Any of several yellow-flowered cruciferous weeds of grain fields, especially wild mustard (Sinapis arvensis).


lexentry: eng/charm__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: charm
trans_list: talizman
sense:
A small trinket on a bracelet or chain, etc., traditionally supposed to confer luck upon the wearer.


lexentry: eng/charm__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: charm
trans_list: urok
sense:
(finance) A second-order measure of derivative price sensitivity, expressed as the instantaneous rate of change of delta with respect to time.


lexentry: eng/charm__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: charm
trans_list: zaczarować
sense:
(transitive) To use a magical charm upon; to subdue, control, or summon by incantation or supernatural influence.


lexentry: eng/charm_quark__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: charm quark
trans_list: kwark c
sense:
(particle) A quark having a fractional electric charge of +\frac{2}{3} and a mass of about 1150 to 1350 MeV.Symbol: c


lexentry: eng/charter__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: charter
trans_list: karta | statut
sense:
A document issued by some authority, creating a public or private institution, and defining its purposes and privileges.


lexentry: eng/charwoman__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: charwoman
trans_list: sprzątaczka
sense:
(chiefly, British) A woman employed to do housework, traditionally coming and going on a daily basis and paid weekly wages.


lexentry: eng/chase__Noun__1
sense_num: 08
written_rep: chase
trans_list: pogoń
sense:
(real tennis) The occurrence of a second bounce by the ball in certain areas of the court, giving the server the chance, later in the game, to "play off" the chase from the receiving end and possibly win the point.


lexentry: eng/chastity__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chastity
trans_list: czystość
sense:
The quality of being chaste: the state of abstaining from any sexual activity considered immoral; avoidance of sexual sins.


lexentry: eng/chastity_belt__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chastity belt
trans_list: pas cnoty
sense:
A belt-like garment, designed to be worn over the genitals and locked to prevent sexual intercourse, typically for long periods of time, to maintain chastity, prevent masturbation, or to enforce BDSM submission.


lexentry: eng/chat__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: chat
trans_list: czat
sense:
(countable, uncountable) An exchange of text or voice messages in real time through a computer network, resembling a face-to-face conversation.


lexentry: eng/chat_up__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chat up
trans_list: podrywać | gawędzić | poderwać
sense:
(transitive, idiomatic) To talk to (someone) in a friendly, open, or casual manner, sometimes also in a charming or affected manner, usually to curry favor, and sometimes flirtatiously with the intention of establishing a romantic or sexual encounter or relationship with that person.


lexentry: eng/chauffeur__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chauffeur
trans_list: szofer | szoferka
sense:
A person employed to drive a private motor car or a hired car of executive or luxury class (like a limousine).


lexentry: eng/chauvinism__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: chauvinism
trans_list: szowinizm
sense:
(pejorative) Unwarranted bias, favoritism, or devotion to one's own particular group, cause, or idea.


lexentry: eng/chav__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chav
trans_list: dres | dresiara | dresiarz
sense:
(UK, MLE, Ireland, derogatory, offensive ) A working-class youth, especially one associated with aggression, poor education, and a perceived "common" taste in clothing and lifestyle.


lexentry: eng/cheat__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: cheat
trans_list: cheat | czit | kod
sense:
(video games) A hidden means of gaining an unfair advantage in a video game, often by entering a cheat code.


lexentry: eng/cheat__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cheat
trans_list: zdradzać
sense:
(intransitive) To be unfaithful to one's spouse or partner; to commit adultery, or to engage in sexual or romantic conduct with a person other than one's partner in contravention of the rules of society or agreement in the relationship.


lexentry: eng/check__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: check
trans_list: kratka
sense:
(textiles, usually, pluralized) A pattern made up of a grid of squares of alternating colors; a checkered pattern.


lexentry: eng/check__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: check
trans_list: sprawdzić | odfajkować | odhaczyć | zaptaszkować | zaznaczyć
sense:
(transitive, US, often used with "off") To mark items on a list (with a checkmark or by crossing them out) that have been chosen for keeping or removal or that have been dealt with (for example, completed or verified as correct or satisfactory).


lexentry: eng/check_out__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: check out
trans_list: wymeldować się
sense:
(intransitive) To confirm and pay for goods and services at a facility (e.g.: supermarket, online store, hotel) when leaving.


lexentry: eng/check_out__Verb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: check out
trans_list: badać | obczaić | obczajać | sprawdzić | wymeldować się | zbadać
sense:
(transitive) To examine, inspect, look at closely, ogle; to investigate; to gather information so as to make a decision.


lexentry: eng/checkmate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: checkmate
trans_list: mat
sense:
The conclusive victory in a game of chess that occurs when an opponent's king is threatened with unavoidable capture.


lexentry: eng/checkpoint__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: checkpoint
trans_list: punkt kontrolny | przejście
sense:
A point or place where a check is performed, especially a point along a road or on a frontier where travellers are stopped for inspection


lexentry: eng/checkpoint__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: checkpoint
trans_list: punkt kontrolny
sense:
(video games) A predetermined point in a map, level or scenario that the player may resume from if they die or restart from if they choose to.


lexentry: eng/checks_and_balances__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: checks and balances
trans_list: mechanizm kontroli i równowagi
sense:
(politics) A system for multiple branches of government wherein each has some control over the actions of each of the others.


lexentry: eng/checksum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: checksum
trans_list: suma kontrolna
sense:
(mathematics, computing) A number, derived by applying a suitable algorithm to some data, used to check whether errors have occurred in transmission, storage or data entry.


lexentry: eng/cheek__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cheek
trans_list: policzek
sense:
(anatomy) The soft skin on each side of the face, below the eyes; the outer surface of the sides of the oral cavity.


lexentry: eng/cheeky__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cheeky
trans_list: bezczelny
sense:
(informal) Impudent; impertinent; impertinently bold, often in a way that is regarded as endearing or amusing.


lexentry: eng/cheerleader__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cheerleader
trans_list: czirliderka | cheerleaderka
sense:
(chiefly, US) A person, usually a young, attractive female, who encourages applause and cheers at a sports event, and wearing a specially-designed uniform in the official colors of the team he/she cheers for.


lexentry: eng/cheers__Interjection__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cheers
trans_list: cześć
sense:
(chiefly, Commonwealth, informal) goodbye, especially as a sign-off in an email or after writing a comment.


lexentry: eng/cheesecake__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cheesecake
trans_list: sernik
sense:
(countable, and, uncountable, obsolete) A pie made of cream, eggs and milk (somewhat resembling the modern American chess cake).


lexentry: eng/cheesecloth__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cheesecloth
trans_list: etamina
sense:
A loosely woven cotton gauze, originally used to wrap cheese, but now used for various culinary tasks and by farmers to shade crops and keep birds off.


lexentry: eng/cheetah__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cheetah
trans_list: gepard
sense:
A distinctive member (Acinonyx jubatus) of the cat family, slightly smaller than the leopard, but with proportionately longer limbs and a smaller head; native to Africa and southeast Asia (where it is nearly extinct) and also credited with being the fastest terrestrial animal.


lexentry: eng/chef's_knife__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chef's knife
trans_list: nóż kucharski
sense:
A type of general purpose kitchen knife used for food preparation, typically measuring eight inches by one and a half inches.


lexentry: eng/chelicera__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chelicera
trans_list: szczękoczułek
sense:
(zoology) Either of the prehensile claws found on the proboscis of chelicerates (horseshoe crabs, sea spiders and arachnids).


lexentry: eng/chelone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chelone
trans_list: żółwik
sense:
(botany) Chelone, a genus of four species of perennial herbaceous plants that are native to eastern North America.


lexentry: eng/chemical_castration__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chemical castration
trans_list: kastracja chemiczna
sense:
A medical treatment using a anaphrodisiacal hormonal drug to inhibit the function of a man's testes, intended to have the same effect on the sex drive as surgical castration. It is typically used on sex offenders as a punishment and/or preventative measure, or on people wishing to undergo male-to-female transsexualism.


lexentry: eng/chemical_composition__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chemical composition
trans_list: skład chemiczny
sense:
(physics, chemistry) The identities, and relative numbers, of the elements that make up any particular compound


lexentry: eng/chemical_compound__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chemical compound
trans_list: związek chemiczny
sense:
(chemistry) Any substance formed by the union of two or more chemical elements in a fixed ratio, the union being a chemical bond.


lexentry: eng/chemical_element__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chemical element
trans_list: pierwiastek chemiczny
sense:
(chemistry) Any one of the simplest chemical substances that cannot be decomposed in a chemical reaction. Chemical elements consist of atoms which have the same number of protons.


lexentry: eng/chemical_reaction__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chemical reaction
trans_list: reakcja chemiczna
sense:
(chemistry) A process, typically involving the breaking or making of interatomic bonds, in which one or more substances are changed into others.


lexentry: eng/chemistry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chemistry
trans_list: chemia
sense:
(uncountable) The branch of natural science that deals with the composition and constitution of substances and the changes that they undergo as a consequence of alterations in the constitution of their molecules.


lexentry: eng/chemosynthesis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chemosynthesis
trans_list: chemosynteza
sense:
the production of carbohydrates and other compounds from simple compounds such as carbon dioxide, using the oxidation of chemical nutrients as a source of energy rather than sunlight; it is limited to certain bacteria and fungi


lexentry: eng/chemotherapy__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: chemotherapy
trans_list: chemoterapia | chemioterapia
sense:
(oncology, most common usage) chemical treatment to kill or halt the replication and/or spread of cancerous cells in a patient.


lexentry: eng/cheque__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cheque
trans_list: czek
sense:
(Australia, Canada, India, New Zealand, UK, Ireland, Hong Kong) A draft directing a bank to pay money to a named person or entity.


lexentry: eng/chernozem__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chernozem
trans_list: czarnoziem
sense:
A fertile black soil containing a very high percentage of humus (3% to 15%) and high percentages of phosphoric acids, phosphorus and ammonia.


lexentry: eng/cherry_laurel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cherry laurel
trans_list: laurowiśnia
sense:
An evergreen cherry in the section Prunus sect. Laurocerasus, some of which are cultivated as ornamentals.


lexentry: eng/cherry_laurel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cherry laurel
trans_list: laurowiśnia
sense:
Prunus laurocerasus, an evergreen shrub, native to regions bordering the Black Sea in southwestern Asia.


lexentry: eng/cherry_picking__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cherry picking
trans_list: cherry picking
sense:
The selection of desirable items and rejection of undesirable ones in order to obtain an advantage or present something in the best possible light.


lexentry: eng/cherry_plum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cherry plum
trans_list: ałycza | śliwa wiśniowa
sense:
Prunus cerasifera, a deciduous ornamental Eurasian shrub or small tree, having white flowers and small red to yellow edible fruits.


lexentry: eng/cherry_tree__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cherry tree
trans_list: wiśnia | czereśnia
sense:
A tree of the subgenus Prunus subg. Cerasus, the members of which are valued agriculturally for their fruit, the cherry, and the wood of the tree, cherrywood, used in woodworking.


lexentry: eng/cherrywood__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cherrywood
trans_list: czereśnia
sense:
A hardwood obtained from the cherry tree, valued for use in furniture and other woodworking applications.


lexentry: eng/chert__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chert
trans_list: rogowiec
sense:
(geology, uncountable) Massive, usually dull-colored and opaque, quartzite, hornstone, impure chalcedony, or other flint-like mineral.


lexentry: eng/cherub__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cherub
trans_list: cherub | cherubin
sense:
(biblical) A winged creature attending God and guarding his throne; similar to a lamassu (winged bull with a human torso) in the pre-exilic texts of the Hebrew Bible, more humanoid in later texts.


lexentry: eng/chervonets__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chervonets
trans_list: czerwoniec
sense:
Any of several former currencies of Russia: applied to various foreign gold coins prior to the reign of Peter I of Russia, then to a Russian gold coin of 1701-1757, and finally to a 1922 currency of the Soviet Union.


lexentry: eng/chess__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chess
trans_list: szachy
sense:
A board game for two players, each beginning with sixteen chess pieces moving according to fixed rules across a chessboard with the objective to checkmate the opposing king.


lexentry: eng/chess_clock__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chess clock
trans_list: zegar szachowy
sense:
A device consisting of two clocks and a switch for running one at a time, used in chess and other games to measure how much time each player takes.


lexentry: eng/chessboard__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chessboard
trans_list: szachownica
sense:
(chess) The square board used in the game of chess, subdivided into eight rows of eight squares each, the squares in each row and column being of alternating colours.


lexentry: eng/chest__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: chest
trans_list: klatka piersiowa
sense:
(anatomy) The portion of the front of the human body from the base of the neck to the top of the abdomen; the thorax. Also the analogous area in other animals.


lexentry: eng/chest_of_drawers__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chest of drawers
trans_list: komoda
sense:
A piece of furniture which has multiple parallel, horizontal drawers stacked one above the other, used mainly for the storage of clean clothes.


lexentry: eng/chest_voice__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chest voice
trans_list: rejestr piersiowy
sense:
(phonology, music) A kind of voice of a medium or low pitch and a sonorous quality ascribed to resonance in the chest, or thorax; voice of the thick register. It is produced by vibration of the vocal cords through their entire width and thickness, and with convex surfaces presented to each other.


lexentry: eng/chest_wall__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chest wall
trans_list: klatka piersiowa
sense:
(medicine) The set of tissues that bound the thoracic cavity, including the rib cage, fascia, muscles etc.


lexentry: eng/chevron__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chevron
trans_list: szewron
sense:
A V-shaped pattern; used in architecture, and as an insignia of military or police rank, on the sleeve.


lexentry: eng/chevrotain__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chevrotain
trans_list: kanczyl
sense:
Any of several small hornless ruminants of the family Tragulidae (genera Hyemoschus, Moschiola, and Tragulus), native to tropical rainforests of South and Southeast Asia, and Central and West Africa; a mouse deer.


lexentry: eng/chew__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chew
trans_list: żuć | przeżuwać
sense:
To crush with the teeth by repeated closing and opening of the jaws; done to food to soften it and break it down by the action of saliva before it is swallowed.


lexentry: eng/chew_the_cud__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: chew the cud
trans_list: przeżuwać
sense:
(figuratively, idiomatic, of a person) To meditate or ponder before answering; to be deep in thought; to ruminate.


lexentry: eng/chi__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chi
trans_list: chi
sense:
(philosophy) A life force in traditional Chinese philosophy, culture, medicine, etc, related (but not limited) to breath and circulation.


lexentry: eng/chia_seed__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chia seed
trans_list: nasiona chia
sense:
An edible seed of Salvia hispanica, a flowering plant in the mint family native to Central America, or of the related Salvia columbariae of southwestern United States and Mexico.


lexentry: eng/chiaroscuro__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chiaroscuro
trans_list: chiaroscuro | światłocień
sense:
(painting) An artistic technique developed during the Renaissance, referring to the use of strong contrasts between light and dark in order to create the illusion of volume.


lexentry: eng/chicane__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: chicane
trans_list: szykana
sense:
(motor racing) A sharp double bend on a racecourse, designed to prevent unsafe speeds; an obstacle creating a curve. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/chicken_out__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chicken out
trans_list: stchórzyć | tchórzyć
sense:
(idiomatic) To shy away from a daring task; to decline, refuse, or avoid something due to fear or uncertainty.


lexentry: eng/chicken_soup__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chicken soup
trans_list: rosół
sense:
Any soup made with either pieces of chicken or chicken broth as its main ingredient, often thought to cure everyday illnesses such as the common cold.


lexentry: eng/chickenhawk__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chickenhawk
trans_list: błotniak
sense:
Any of the North American hawk species (Cooper's hawk, sharp-shinned hawk and red-tailed hawk), or counterparts elsewhere, mistakenly believed to be pests.


lexentry: eng/chickling_vetch__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chickling vetch
trans_list: groszek siewny
sense:
A plant with edible seeds similar to peas and chickpeas of species Lathyrus sativus, used as a famine food but causing lathyrism if eaten in large amounts or over a long time.


lexentry: eng/chicory__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chicory
trans_list: cykoria
sense:
(chiefly, Britain) The common chicory (Cichorium intybus), the source of Belgian endive, radicchio, and sugarloaf.


lexentry: eng/chief_executive_officer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chief executive officer
trans_list: dyrektor zarządzający | dyrektor generalny | prezes
sense:
(business) The highest-ranking corporate officer or executive officer of a corporation, company, or agency, responsible for carrying out the policies of the board of directors on a day-to-day basis; CEO.


lexentry: eng/chief_information_officer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chief information officer
trans_list: kierownik do spraw informatyki
sense:
An executive who is in charge of the technical affairs of a business, notably as head of the information technology department, typically directly under the chief executive officer and/or the board.


lexentry: eng/chief_operating_officer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chief operating officer
trans_list: dyrektor operacyjny
sense:
(business) A corporate officer of a corporation, company, or agency, responsible for executing decisions of the chief executive officer (CEO) according to their decided schedule; often initialised as COO.


lexentry: eng/chiffchaff__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chiffchaff
trans_list: pierwiosnek
sense:
A small, common warbler, Phylloscopus collybita, with yellowish-green plumage that breeds throughout northern and temperate Europe and Asia.


lexentry: eng/chiffon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chiffon
trans_list: szyfon
sense:
A lightweight, balanced plain-woven sheer fabric, or gauze, like gossamer, woven of alternate S- and Z-twist crepe (high-twist) yarns made of silk, polyester, or cotton.


lexentry: eng/chilblain__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chilblain
trans_list: odmrozina
sense:
An itchy purple red inflammation of the skin, especially of the hands, feet and ears, occurring when capillaries below the skin are damaged by exposure to cold weather (but do not freeze, which would lead to frostbite instead).


lexentry: eng/child__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: child
trans_list: dziecko | dziecię
sense:
(with possessive) One's direct descendant by birth, regardless of age; one's offspring; a son or daughter.


lexentry: eng/child__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: child
trans_list: dziecko
sense:
(computing) A data item, process, or object which has a subservient or derivative role relative to another.


lexentry: eng/child__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: child
trans_list: dziecko
sense:
A person considered a product of a place or culture, a member of a tribe or culture, regardless of age.


lexentry: eng/child_labour__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: child labour
trans_list: praca dzieci
sense:
(British spelling, Canadian spelling) Work performed by a minor that is prohibited by statute law, or under terms and conditions considered inhumane.


lexentry: eng/child_prostitution__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: child prostitution
trans_list: dziecięca prostytucja
sense:
The use of a child by others for sexual activities in return for remuneration or any other form of consideration.


lexentry: eng/child_support__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: child support
trans_list: alimenty
sense:
(legal) The ongoing obligation for a periodic payment made directly or indirectly by an obligor, usually the noncustodial parent, to an obligee, usually the custodial parent or other guardian, for the financial care and support of children of a relationship or marriage that has been terminated, or which never existed.


lexentry: eng/children's_home__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: children's home
trans_list: dom dziecka
sense:
A public institution for the care and protection of children whose parents have died or can no longer care for them.


lexentry: eng/chili__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chili
trans_list: chili
sense:
(countable) The pungent, spicy fresh or dried fruit of any of several cultivated varieties of capsicum peppers, used in cooking.


lexentry: eng/chili_pepper__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chili pepper
trans_list: papryka chili
sense:
Any fruit of a plant of the botanical genus Capsicum, which has a spicy/burning flavour because it contains capsaicin. (Not all chili peppers are particularly spicy, but all true chili peppers contain some capsaicin, in contrast to e.g. the bell pepper, which is not a true chili pepper and does not.)


lexentry: eng/chiliasm__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chiliasm
trans_list: chiliazm | millenaryzm
sense:
Belief in an earthly thousand-year period of peace and prosperity, sometimes equated with the return of Jesus for that period.


lexentry: eng/chill__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: chill
trans_list: chłodzić
sense:
A sudden penetrating sense of cold, especially one that causes a brief trembling nerve response through the body; the trembling response itself; often associated with illness: fevers and chills, or susceptibility to illness.


lexentry: eng/chill__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: chill
trans_list: chłodzić
sense:
An uncomfortable and numbing sense of fear, dread, anxiety, or alarm, often one that is sudden and usually accompanied by a trembling nerve response resembling the body's response to biting cold.


lexentry: eng/chimaera__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chimaera
trans_list: chimera | przeraza
sense:
A cartilaginous marine fish in the subclass Holocephali and especially the order Chimaeriformes, with a blunt snout, long tail, and a spine before the first dorsal fin


lexentry: eng/chime__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chime
trans_list: kurant
sense:
(musical instruments) A musical instrument producing a sound when struck, similar to a bell (e.g. a tubular metal bar) or actually a bell. Often used in the plural to refer to the set: the chimes.


lexentry: eng/chime__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: chime
trans_list: błahy
sense:
(transitive) To cause to sound in harmony; to play a tune, as upon a set of bells; to move or strike in harmony.


lexentry: eng/chimera__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: chimera
trans_list: chimera | przeraza
sense:
(zoology) , a cartilaginous marine fish in the subclass Holocephali and especially the order Chimaeriformes, with a blunt snout, long tail, and a spine before the first dorsal fin.


lexentry: eng/chimney__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chimney
trans_list: komin | dymnik
sense:
A vertical tube or hollow column used to emit environmentally polluting gaseous and solid matter (including but not limited to by-products of burning carbon- or hydrocarbon-based fuels); a flue.


lexentry: eng/chimney_stack__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chimney stack
trans_list: komin
sense:
(architectural element) A vertical structure, normally of brick, rising from a roof, containing one or more flues, each one terminating in a chimney pot.


lexentry: eng/chimney_swift__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chimney swift
trans_list: kominiarczyk amerykański
sense:
A rapid-flying bird that feeds on flying insects, Chaetura pelagica, with a breeding range in the eastern US extending into Canada and winter range in northwestern South America.


lexentry: eng/chimpanzee__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chimpanzee
trans_list: szympans | szympans zwyczajny
sense:
Pan troglodytes, a species of great ape in the genus Pan, native to Africa, and believed by biologists to be the closest extant relative to humans along with the bonobo.


lexentry: eng/chimpanzee__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: chimpanzee
trans_list: szympans
sense:
(broadly) A member of the genus Pan, including the bonobo which was formerly known as the pygmy chimpanzee.


lexentry: eng/chinchilla__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chinchilla
trans_list: szynszyla
sense:
(countable) Either of two small, crepuscular rodents of the genus Chinchilla, native to the Andes, prized for their very soft fur and often kept as pets.


lexentry: eng/chip__Noun__1
sense_num: 09
written_rep: chip
trans_list: chips | czips
sense:
(US, Canada, Australia, and, New Zealand, especially, in the plural) A thin, crisp, fried slice of potato, a crisp; occasionally a similar fried slice of another vegetable or dried fruit.


lexentry: eng/chip__Noun__1
sense_num: 10
written_rep: chip
trans_list: lob
sense:
(sports) A shot during which the ball travels more predominantly upwards than in a regular shot, as to clear an obstacle.


lexentry: eng/chipper__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chipper
trans_list: niszczarka
sense:
(in particular, US) A machine that reduces organic matter to compost; depending on size, whole tree trunks are reduced to sawdust; a woodchipper.


lexentry: eng/chipset__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chipset
trans_list: chipset
sense:
(computing) A group of integrated circuits that are designed to work together, and are usually marketed as a single product.


lexentry: eng/chirality__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chirality
trans_list: chiralność
sense:
The phenomenon, in chemistry, physics and mathematics, in which objects are mirror images of each other, but are otherwise identical; handedness


lexentry: eng/chiropractic__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chiropractic
trans_list: chiropraktyka
sense:
(alternative medicine) A system of health care involving manipulation of the spinal column and other body structures, for the purpose of alleviating neuromusculoskeletal dysfunction.


lexentry: eng/chiropractor__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chiropractor
trans_list: kręgarz | chiropraktyk
sense:
A health-care practitioner who specializes in chiropractic, the hands on or hand-held instrumental movement of the bone structure of the body to improve the function of the joints or nervous system.


lexentry: eng/chisel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chisel
trans_list: dłuto | przecinak
sense:
A cutting tool used to remove parts of stone, wood or metal by pushing or pounding the back when the sharp edge is against the material. It consists of a slim, oblong block of metal with a sharp wedge or bevel formed on one end and sometimes a handle at the other end.


lexentry: eng/chitin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chitin
trans_list: chityna
sense:
(carbohydrate) A complex polysaccharide, a polymer of N-acetylglucosamine, found in the exoskeletons of arthropods and in the cell walls of fungi; thought to be responsible for some forms of asthma in humans.


lexentry: eng/chiton__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chiton
trans_list: chiton
sense:
Any of various rock-clinging marine molluscs of the class Polyplacophora, including the genus Chiton.


lexentry: eng/chivalry__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: chivalry
trans_list: rycerskość
sense:
The ethical code of the knight prevalent in Medieval Europe, having such primary virtues as mercy towards the poor and oppressed, humility, honour, sacrifice, fear of God, faithfulness, courage and courtesy to ladies.


lexentry: eng/chlamydia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chlamydia
trans_list: chlamydia
sense:
(uncountable) Any of several common, often asymptomatic, sexually transmitted diseases caused by the microorganism Chlamydia trachomatis.


lexentry: eng/chlamys__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chlamys
trans_list: chlamida
sense:
(historical) A short poncho-like cloak caught up on the shoulder, worn by hunters, soldiers, and horsemen in Ancient Greece.


lexentry: eng/chloric__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chloric
trans_list: chlorowy
sense:
(chemistry) Of a compound, containing chlorine with a higher oxidation number than equivalent chlorous compounds; especially having an oxidation number of 5.


lexentry: eng/chloric_acid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chloric acid
trans_list: kwas chlorowy
sense:
(chemistry) a strong acid, HClO3, known only in solution and as its chlorate salts; a powerful oxidizing agent


lexentry: eng/chloride__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chloride
trans_list: chlorek
sense:
(chemistry) any salt of hydrochloric acid, such as sodium chloride, or any binary compound of chlorine and another element or radical


lexentry: eng/chlorinate__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chlorinate
trans_list: chlorować
sense:
(transitive, chemistry) To add chlorine to (something, especially water, to purify it; or an auriferous substance, to extract gold from it).


lexentry: eng/chlorine_dioxide__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chlorine dioxide
trans_list: dwutlenek chloru
sense:
a reddish-yellow explosive gas, ClO2, used as a water disinfectant and to bleach flour and wood pulp


lexentry: eng/chlorite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chlorite
trans_list: chloryt
sense:
(mineral) A dark green mineral resembling serpentine, being a mixed silicate of magnesium, iron and aluminium.


lexentry: eng/chloroform__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chloroform
trans_list: chloroform
sense:
(organic compound) A halogenated hydrocarbon, trichloromethane, CHCl3; it is a volatile, sweet-smelling liquid, used extensively as a solvent and formerly as an anesthetic.


lexentry: eng/chlorophyll__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chlorophyll
trans_list: chlorofil
sense:
(biochemistry) Any of a group of green pigments that are found in the chloroplasts of plants and in other photosynthetic organisms such as cyanobacteria.


lexentry: eng/chloroplast__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chloroplast
trans_list: chloroplast
sense:
(cytology) An organelle, found in the cells of green plants and in photosynthetic algae, where photosynthesis takes place, characterized by a high concentration of chlorophyll and two membranes.


lexentry: eng/chlorosis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chlorosis
trans_list: chloroza | bladaczka | blednica
sense:
(pathology, countable) An anaemia, due to deficiency of iron, characterized by a yellow-green colouration of the skin; greensickness.


lexentry: eng/chock__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chock
trans_list: klin
sense:
Any object used as a wedge or filler, especially when placed behind a wheel to prevent it from rolling.


lexentry: eng/chocolate__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: chocolate
trans_list: czekolada
sense:
(uncountable) A dark, reddish-brown colour/color, like that of chocolate (also called chocolate brown).


lexentry: eng/chocolate_bar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chocolate bar
trans_list: tabliczka czekolady
sense:
A flat slab of chocolate, usually oblong in shape, which can be broken into smaller segments when being eaten, either solid or with a filling such as nuts or caramel.


lexentry: eng/chocolate_milk__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chocolate milk
trans_list: kakao
sense:
A sweetened cocoa-flavored drink, typically created by mixing chocolate syrup or chocolate powder with milk, and typically served cold.


lexentry: eng/choke__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: choke
trans_list: dusić | dławić | krztusić | udusić | zadławić | zakrztusić
sense:
(intransitive) To be unable to breathe because of obstruction of the windpipe (for instance food or other objects that go down the wrong way, or fumes or particles in the air that cause the throat to constrict).


lexentry: eng/chokeberry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chokeberry
trans_list: aronia
sense:
Either of two species in Aronia, formerly and sometimes in Photinia, deciduous shrubs, native to Russia and eastern North America and most commonly found in wet woods and swamps.


lexentry: eng/choker__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: choker
trans_list: choker
sense:
(fashion) A piece of jewelry or ornamental fabric, worn as a necklace or neckerchief, tight to the throat.


lexentry: eng/cholera__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cholera
trans_list: cholera
sense:
(pathology) Any of several acute infectious diseases of humans and domestic animals, caused by certain strains of the Vibrio cholerae bacterium through ingestion of contaminated water or food, usually marked by severe gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea, abdominal cramps, nausea, vomiting, and dehydration.


lexentry: eng/cholesterol__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cholesterol
trans_list: cholesterol
sense:
(biochemistry) A sterol lipid synthesized by the liver and transported in the bloodstream to the membranes of all animal cells; it plays a central role in many biochemical processes and, as a lipoprotein that coats the walls of blood vessels, is associated with cardiovascular disease.


lexentry: eng/choline__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: choline
trans_list: cholina
sense:
(organic compound) A hydroxy quaternary ammonium compound with formula (CH3)3N+CH2CH2OHX−. It is an essential nutrient for cardiovascular and brain health and for cell membrane formation.


lexentry: eng/chop_suey__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chop suey
trans_list: chop suey
sense:
(US, Philippines) A stir-fried vegetable dish, served with pieces of beef or pork in a semi-thick sauce, and often soy sauce.


lexentry: eng/chop_suey__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: chop suey
trans_list: chop suey
sense:
(Canada, and, British) Steamed bean sprouts served in a semi-thick sauce, and mixed with a choice of meat and/or vegetables.


lexentry: eng/chopstick__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chopstick
trans_list: pałeczka
sense:
(usually, in the plural) An East Asian eating utensil usually used as a pair and held in one hand to grip pieces of food or occasionally to mix liquids or scoop up small pieces of food. The utensil is a stick, usually made of wood and measuring approximately 23cm (10 inches) in length.


lexentry: eng/chord__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: chord
trans_list: cięciwa
sense:
(rail) A section of subsidiary railway track that interconnects two primary tracks that cross at different levels, to permit traffic to flow between them.


lexentry: eng/chordate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chordate
trans_list: strunowiec
sense:
A member of the phylum Chordata; numerous animals having a notochord at some stage of their development; in vertebrates this develops into the spine.


lexentry: eng/chordophone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chordophone
trans_list: instrument strunowy
sense:
(musical instrument) Any musical instrument that produces sound from one or more vibrating strings; a string instrument.


lexentry: eng/chorea__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: chorea
trans_list: pląsawica
sense:
(pathology) Any of the various diseases of the nervous system characterized by involuntary muscular movements of the face and extremities; St. Vitus's dance.


lexentry: eng/choreography__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: choreography
trans_list: choreografia
sense:
(by extension) The art of creating and arranging sequences of movement for performances of any kind, such as in fight choreography.


lexentry: eng/choreography__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: choreography
trans_list: choreografia
sense:
(uncountable) The art of creating, arranging and recording the dance movements of a work, such as a ballet.


lexentry: eng/chorion__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chorion
trans_list: kosmówka
sense:
(anatomy, biology) The protective and nutritive membrane in higher vertebrates that attaches the fetus to the uterus.


lexentry: eng/chorizo__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chorizo
trans_list: chorizo
sense:
A spicy Spanish sausage flavoured with paprika, often crumbled for use in filling tacos, quesadillas, etc.


lexentry: eng/chorus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chorus
trans_list: chór
sense:
A group of singers and dancers in a theatrical performance or religious festival who commented on the main performance in speech or song.


lexentry: eng/chorus__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: chorus
trans_list: chór
sense:
A group of singers performing together; a choir; specifically, such a group singing together in a musical, an opera, etc., as distinct from the soloists; an ensemble.


lexentry: eng/chorus__Noun__1
sense_num: 08
written_rep: chorus
trans_list: chórek
sense:
(often, attributively) A feature or setting in electronic music that makes one instrument sound like many.


lexentry: eng/chosen_one__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chosen one
trans_list: wybraniec
sense:
(authorship, informal) A character in a narrative work who is predestined to save the world or do some other grand and heroic accomplishment; one who is predestined to become the one


lexentry: eng/chough__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chough
trans_list: wrończyk
sense:
Either of two species of bird of the genus Pyrrhocorax in the crow family Corvidae that breed mainly in high mountains and on coastal sea cliffs of Eurasia.


lexentry: eng/chough__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: chough
trans_list: skałowron
sense:
The white-winged chough, of genus Corcorax in the Australian mud-nest builders family, Corcoracidae, that inhabits dry woodlands.


lexentry: eng/choux_pastry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: choux pastry
trans_list: ciasto parzone
sense:
A type of light pastry (made just from butter, water, flour and eggs) that is used to make profiteroles, éclairs, chouquettes, etc.


lexentry: eng/chrism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chrism
trans_list: krzyżmo
sense:
A mixture of oil and balm, consecrated for use as an anointing fluid in certain Christian ceremonies, especially confirmation.


lexentry: eng/chromakey__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chromakey
trans_list: blue box
sense:
(television, cinema) The use of a particular color, usually either green or blue) as a key in a studio in order to allow one image to be seamlessly partially superimposed upon another.


lexentry: eng/chromatic_aberration__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chromatic aberration
trans_list: aberracja chromatyczna
sense:
(optics) An optical aberration in which an image has coloured fringes, caused by differential refraction of light of different wavelengths.


lexentry: eng/chromatin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chromatin
trans_list: chromatyna
sense:
(biology) A complex of DNA, RNA and proteins within the cell nucleus out of which chromosomes condense during cell division.


lexentry: eng/chromium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chromium
trans_list: chrom
sense:
A chemical element (symbol Cr) with an atomic number of 24: a steely-grey, lustrous, hard and brittle transition metal.


lexentry: eng/chromosome__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chromosome
trans_list: chromosom
sense:
(cytology, genetics) A linear arrangement of condensed DNA and associated proteins (such as chaperone proteins) which contains the genetic material (genome) of an organism.


lexentry: eng/chromosphere__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chromosphere
trans_list: chromosfera
sense:
(star) The faint pink extension of a star's atmospheric envelope between the corona and the photosphere


lexentry: eng/chroneme__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chroneme
trans_list: chronem
sense:
A basic, theoretical unit of sound that can distinguish words by duration only of a vowel or consonant.


lexentry: eng/chronic_wasting_disease__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chronic wasting disease
trans_list: przewlekła choroba wyniszczająca
sense:
(veterinary, pathology) A transmissible spongiform encephalopathy found in deer, typified by chronic weight loss leading to death.


lexentry: eng/chronobiology__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chronobiology
trans_list: biorytmologia | chronobiologia
sense:
(biology) The study of the effects of time on biological systems, especially the effects of periodicity


lexentry: eng/chronogram__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chronogram
trans_list: chronostych
sense:
A sentence or inscription whose letters, when interpreted according to a system (such as Roman numerals) in which letters correspond to numeric values, stand for a particular date (usually the date of inscription) when rearranged.


lexentry: eng/chronology__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: chronology
trans_list: chronologia
sense:
(countable) An arrangement of events into chronological order; called a timeline when involving graphical elements.


lexentry: eng/chrysanthemum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chrysanthemum
trans_list: złocień | chryzantema | jastrun | jastruń
sense:
Any of many flowering perennial plants, of the genus Chrysanthemum, native to China, that have showy radiate heads.


lexentry: eng/chrysoberyl__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chrysoberyl
trans_list: chryzoberyl
sense:
(mineral) A vitreous mineral, often pale green, a mixed oxide of aluminium and beryllium with the chemical formula BeAl2O4, used as a gemstone.


lexentry: eng/chuck__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: chuck
trans_list: uchwyt | zacisk
sense:
(mechanical engineering) A mechanical device that holds an object firmly in place, for example holding a drill bit in a high-speed rotating drill or grinder.


lexentry: eng/chuck_up__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: chuck up
trans_list: rzygać
sense:
(dated, transitive and intransitive) To chuck up the sponge; to give up; to admit defeat; to break a contract; to abandon or quit (something).


lexentry: eng/chug__Verb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: chug
trans_list: napić się
sense:
(transitive, colloquial) To drink a large amount (especially of beer) in a single action/without breathing; to chugalug. Usually chanted at the person who is drinking.


lexentry: eng/chunk__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: chunk
trans_list: fragment
sense:
(computing) A discrete segment of a file, stream, etc. (especially one that represents audiovisual media); a block.


lexentry: eng/church__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: church
trans_list: kościół | cerkiew | zbór
sense:
(countable) A Christian house of worship; a building where Christian religious services take place. [from 9th c.]


lexentry: eng/church__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: church
trans_list: kościół | wspólnota
sense:
(countable) A local group of people who follow the same Christian religious beliefs, local or general. [from 9th c.]


lexentry: eng/church__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: church
trans_list: kościół | cerkiew | zbór
sense:
(uncountable) Organized religion in general or a specific religion considered as a political institution.


lexentry: eng/church_service__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: church service
trans_list: nabożeństwo
sense:
A formalized period of communal worship, often but not exclusively occurring on Sunday, or Saturday in the case of those churches practicing Sabbatarianism.


lexentry: eng/churchkhela__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: churchkhela
trans_list: czurczchela
sense:
A traditional sausage-shaped candy originating from Georgia and made from grape must, nuts and flour.


lexentry: eng/churn__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: churn
trans_list: burzyć | ubijać | ubić | zburzyć
sense:
(transitive) To agitate rapidly and repetitively, or to stir with a rowing or rocking motion; generally applies to liquids, notably cream.


lexentry: eng/chute__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chute
trans_list: zjeżdżalnia
sense:
A framework, trough, or tube, upon or through which objects are made to slide from a higher to a lower level, or through which water passes to a wheel.


lexentry: eng/chutney__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chutney
trans_list: ćatni | czatnej | gąszcz
sense:
A sweet or savory but usually spicy condiment, originally from eastern India, made from a variety of fruits and/or vegetables, often containing significant amounts of fresh green or dried red chili peppers. [from 1813]


lexentry: eng/chutzpah__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chutzpah
trans_list: hucpa | bezczelność | kpina
sense:
(informal) Nearly arrogant courage; utter audacity, effrontery or impudence; supreme self-confidence; exaggerated self-opinion.


lexentry: eng/cicada__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cicada
trans_list: cykada
sense:
Any of several insects in the superfamily Cicadoidea, with small eyes wide apart on the head and transparent well-veined wings.


lexentry: eng/cicerone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cicerone
trans_list: cicerone
sense:
A guide who accompanies visitors and sightseers to museums, galleries, etc., and explains matters of archaeological, antiquarian, historic or artistic interest.


lexentry: eng/cicisbeo__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cicisbeo
trans_list: cicisbeo
sense:
(now, chiefly, historical) A man who escorts a married woman to social functions, especially in 18th-century Italy; a married woman's lover.


lexentry: eng/cider__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cider
trans_list: jabłecznik | cydr
sense:
(US, Canada) A non-alcoholic still beverage consisting of the juice of early-harvest apples, usually unfiltered and still containing pulp; apple cider; sweet cider (without pulp such a beverage is called apple juice).


lexentry: eng/cigar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cigar
trans_list: cygaro
sense:
A cylinder of tobacco rolled and wrapped with an outer covering of tobacco leaves, intended to be smoked.


lexentry: eng/cilantro__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cilantro
trans_list: kolendra
sense:
(US) The stems and leaves of the coriander plant, Coriandrum sativum, used as a seasoning and garnish in cooking.


lexentry: eng/cilice__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cilice
trans_list: włosienica
sense:
A garment or undergarment made of coarse cloth or animal hair worn close to the skin used by members of various Christian traditions as a self-imposed means of penance (repentance) and mortification of the flesh.


lexentry: eng/cilium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cilium
trans_list: rzęska
sense:
(cytology) A short microscopic hairlike organelle projecting from a eukaryotic cell (such as a unicellular organism or one cell of a multicelled organism) which serve either for propulsion by causing currents in the surrounding fluid or as sensors.


lexentry: eng/cinchona__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cinchona
trans_list: chinowiec
sense:
A tree or shrub of the genus Cinchona, native to the Andes in South America but since widely cultivated in Indonesia and India as well for its medicinal bark.


lexentry: eng/cinnabar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cinnabar
trans_list: cynober
sense:
A deep red mineral, mercuric sulfide, HgS; the principal ore of mercury; such ore used as the pigment vermilion.


lexentry: eng/cinnamic_acid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cinnamic acid
trans_list: kwas cynamonowy
sense:
(organic compound) The aromatic carboxylic acid C6H5-CH=CH-COOH obtained from cinnamon; it is used in perfumery etc


lexentry: eng/cinnamon__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cinnamon
trans_list: cynamonowiec | cynamon
sense:
Several related trees, notably the Indonesian cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmanni) and Chinese cinnamon or cassia (Cinnamomum aromaticum or Cinnamomum cassia).


lexentry: eng/cinnamon__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: cinnamon
trans_list: cynamon | cynamonowiec
sense:
(mostly, uncountable) A spice from the dried aromatic bark of the cinnamon tree, either rolled into strips or ground into a powder. The word is commonly used as trade name for spices made of any of the species above.


lexentry: eng/cipher__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: cipher
trans_list: szyfr
sense:
(cryptography) A cryptographic system using an algorithm that converts letters or sequences of bits into ciphertext.


lexentry: eng/circadian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: circadian
trans_list: całodobowy | dwudziestoczterogodzinny
sense:
(biology) Of, relating to, or showing rhythmic behaviour with a period of 24 hours; especially of a biological process.


lexentry: eng/circle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: circle
trans_list: okrąg | krąg | koło
sense:
(geometry) A two-dimensional geometric figure, a line, consisting of the set of all those points in a plane that are equally distant from a given point (center).


lexentry: eng/circle__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: circle
trans_list: koło | okrąg | krąg
sense:
A two-dimensional geometric figure, a disk, consisting of the set of all those points of a plane at a distance less than or equal to a fixed distance (radius) from a given point.


lexentry: eng/circle__Noun__1
sense_num: 10
written_rep: circle
trans_list: koło | okrąg
sense:
(astronomy) An instrument of observation, whose graduated limb consists of an entire circle. When fixed to a wall in an observatory, it is called a mural circle; when mounted with a telescope on an axis and in Y's, in the plane of the meridian, a meridian or transit circle; when involving the principle of reflection, like the sextant, a reflecting circle; and when that of repeating an angle several times continuously along the graduated limb, a repeating circle.


lexentry: eng/circuit_breaker__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: circuit breaker
trans_list: bezpiecznik
sense:
(electricity) An electrical switch capable of opening and closing an electrical circuit in all operating conditions, including fault situations.


lexentry: eng/circular_economy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: circular economy
trans_list: gospodarka o obiegu zamkniętym
sense:
(economics) An industrial economy that aims to reduce waste and pollution by means of reuse, recycling, etc.


lexentry: eng/circulation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: circulation
trans_list: krążenie
sense:
The act of moving in a circle, or in a course which brings the moving body to the place where its motion began.


lexentry: eng/circulation__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: circulation
trans_list: ruch
sense:
(narrowly) The movement of the blood in the circulatory system, by which it is brought into close relations with the cells and tissues of the body; (loosely) the circulatory system.


lexentry: eng/circulatory_system__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: circulatory system
trans_list: układ krwionośny człowieka
sense:
(physiology) The parts of an animal body comprising the heart, blood vessels (arteries, veins, and capillaries), and blood, which circulate the blood around the body. [from mid 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/circumcise__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: circumcise
trans_list: obrzezać | obrzezywać
sense:
(military, nautical, slang) To trim off the portion of the barrel liner of a large-caliber naval gun that protrudes from the end of the barrel as a result of the liner slowly stretching from prolonged fire.


lexentry: eng/circumfix__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: circumfix
trans_list: okołorostek
sense:
(grammar) An affix containing both a prefixing and a suffixing element existing as a single morphological unit.


lexentry: eng/circumflex__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: circumflex
trans_list: daszek
sense:
A diacritical mark (ˆ) placed over a vowel in the orthography or transliteration of many languages to change its pronunciation; while in some other languages over a consonant.


lexentry: eng/circumpolar__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: circumpolar
trans_list: okołobiegunowy
sense:
(astronomy) Of a celestial body, continually visible above the horizon during the entire 360 degrees of daily travel.


lexentry: eng/circumscribe__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: circumscribe
trans_list: opisać | opisywać
sense:
(geometry) To draw the smallest circle or higher-dimensional sphere that has (a polyhedron, polygon, etc.) in its interior.


lexentry: eng/circus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: circus
trans_list: cyrk
sense:
A traveling company of performers that may include acrobats, clowns, trained animals, and other novelty acts, that gives shows usually in a circular tent. [from late 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/cirl_bunting__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cirl bunting
trans_list: cierlik
sense:
A small Old World passerine bird, Emberiza cirlus, of the bunting family (Emberizidae), very similar to the yellowhammer.


lexentry: eng/cirque__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cirque
trans_list: cyrk lodowcowy | kar | kocioł
sense:
(geology) A curved depression or natural amphitheatre, especially one in a mountainside at the end of a valley.


lexentry: eng/cirrhosis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cirrhosis
trans_list: marskość wątroby | marskość
sense:
(pathology) A chronic disease of the liver caused by damage from toxins (including alcohol), metabolic problems, hepatitis, or nutritional deprivation, characterised by an increase in fibrous tissue and the destruction of liver cells.


lexentry: eng/cirrocumulus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cirrocumulus
trans_list: cirrocumulus | baranek
sense:
(physics, meteorology) A principal high-level cloud type appearing as a thin, white patch of cloud without shadows, composed of very small droplets in the form of grains or ripples. The elements may be merged or separate, and more or less regularly arranged; they subtend an angle of less than 1° when observed at an angle of more than 30° above the horizon. Holes or rifts often occur in a sheet of cirrocumulus. Abbreviated Cc.


lexentry: eng/cirrus__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: cirrus
trans_list: cirrus | chmura pierzasta
sense:
(meteorology) A principal high-level cloud type characterised by white, delicate filaments or wisps, of white (or mostly white) patches, or of narrow bands, found at an altitude of above 7000 metres.


lexentry: eng/cisgender__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cisgender
trans_list: cispłciowy | cisseksualny
sense:
Having a gender identity which matches the sex one was assigned at birth; or, pertaining to such people.


lexentry: eng/cissoid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cissoid
trans_list: cisoida
sense:
(geometry) Any of a family of curves defined as the locus of a point, P, on a line from a given fixed point and intersecting two given curves, C1 and C2, where the distance along the line from C1 to P remains constant and equal to the distance from P to C2.


lexentry: eng/citation__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: citation
trans_list: cytat
sense:
The act of citing a passage from a text, or from another person, using the exact words of the original text or speech and giving credit to the original by referencing.


lexentry: eng/citation_needed__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: citation needed
trans_list: potrzebne źródło
sense:
(originally, Internet slang, chiefly, humorous) Used to designate an assertion or other statement as false, inaccurate, or requiring verification.


lexentry: eng/citizen__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: citizen
trans_list: obywatel | obywatelka
sense:
A legally-recognized member of a state, with associated rights and obligations; a person considered in terms of this role. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/citizen__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: citizen
trans_list: obywatel | cywil | mieszkaniec | mieszkanka
sense:
(Christianity) A resident of the heavenly city or (later) of the kingdom of God: a Christian; a good Christian. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/citizen_journalism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: citizen journalism
trans_list: dziennikarstwo obywatelskie
sense:
(media) Independent reporting, often by amateurs on the scene of an event, and disseminated via new media.


lexentry: eng/citizen_of_the_world__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: citizen of the world
trans_list: obywatel świata | obywatelka świata
sense:
A person regarded as part of the global citizenry; specifically, one who takes the view that they belong to no particular country or state.


lexentry: eng/citric_acid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: citric acid
trans_list: kwas cytrynowy
sense:
(carboxylic acid) A colourless crystalline compound, 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid, C6H8O7, found in citrus fruit; it is used as a food additive and in the manufacture of citrates.


lexentry: eng/city__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: city
trans_list: miasto
sense:
(UK) A settlement granted special status by royal charter or letters patent; traditionally, a settlement with a cathedral regardless of size.


lexentry: eng/city_council__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: city council
trans_list: rada miejska
sense:
A governing body of people elected to oversee management of a city and represent the interests of residents.


lexentry: eng/civet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: civet
trans_list: cyweta
sense:
(countable) A carnivorous catlike animal, Civettictis civetta, that produces a musky secretion. It is two to three feet (30–90 cm) long, with black bands and spots on the body and tail.


lexentry: eng/civil__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: civil
trans_list: cywilny
sense:
(uncomparable) Having to do with people and government office as opposed to the military or religion.


lexentry: eng/civil_code__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: civil code
trans_list: kodeks cywilny
sense:
(legal) A systematic collection of laws addressing dealings between private parties, such as business contracts and negligence lawsuits.


lexentry: eng/civil_disobedience__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: civil disobedience
trans_list: obywatelskie nieposłuszeństwo
sense:
A form of social protest, involving the active but non-violent refusal to obey certain laws, demands, or commands of an established authority, because they are considered to be morally wrong or detrimental.


lexentry: eng/civil_engineering__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: civil engineering
trans_list: inżynieria lądowa | inżynieria wodno-lądowa
sense:
The technical design and construction of public works such as bridges, buildings, harbours, public greens, roads, etc., and/or technically equivalent private (usually corporate) ones.


lexentry: eng/civil_law__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: civil law
trans_list: prawo cywilne
sense:
(law) The body of law dealing with the private relations between members of a community; it contrasts with criminal law, military law and ecclesiastical law.


lexentry: eng/civil_rights__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: civil rights
trans_list: prawa obywatelskie
sense:
(US) Those rights which are guaranteed protection by the US Constitution and are considered to be unquestionable, deserved by all people under all circumstances, especially without regard to race, creed, religion, sexual orientation, gender, and disability.


lexentry: eng/civil_society__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: civil society
trans_list: społeczeństwo obywatelskie
sense:
All of the institutions, voluntary organizations and corporate bodies that are less than the state but greater than the family. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/civil_union__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: civil union
trans_list: rejestrowany związek partnerski
sense:
A legal union similar to marriage, established to allow same-sex couples (and, in some jurisdictions, opposite-sex couples) rights similar to those married couples have.


lexentry: eng/civil_war__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: civil war
trans_list: wojna domowa
sense:
A war fought between factions of the inhabitants of a single country, or a similar political entity.


lexentry: eng/civilian__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: civilian
trans_list: cywil
sense:
A person following the pursuits of civil life, especially one who is not an active member of the armed forces.


lexentry: eng/civilian__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: civilian
trans_list: cywil
sense:
(informal) A person who does not belong to a particular group or engage in a particular activity, an outsider.


lexentry: eng/civilization__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: civilization
trans_list: cywilizacja
sense:
An organized culture encompassing many communities, often on the scale of a nation or a people; a stage or system of social, political, or technical development.


lexentry: eng/civilization__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: civilization
trans_list: cywilizacja
sense:
Collectively, those people of the world considered to have a high standard of behavior and / or a high level of development. Commonly subjectively used by people of one society to exclusively refer to their society, or their elite sub-group, or a few associated societies, implying all others, in time or geography or status, as something less than civilised, as savages or barbarians. cf refinement, elitism, civilised society, the Civilised World


lexentry: eng/cladding__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: cladding
trans_list: przebranie
sense:
(construction) A weatherproof, insulating or decorative covering fixed to the outside of a building.


lexentry: eng/clairvoyance__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clairvoyance
trans_list: jasnowidzenie | jasnowidztwo
sense:
(parapsychology) The power to see or perceive things objects or events beyond the natural range of the senses, such as the past or the future.


lexentry: eng/clam__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clam
trans_list: małż
sense:
A bivalve mollusk of many kinds, especially those that are edible; for example soft-shell clams (Mya arenaria), hard clams (Mercenaria mercenaria), sea clams or hen clam (Spisula solidissima), and other species, possibly originally applied to clams of species Tridacna gigas, a huge East Indian bivalve.


lexentry: eng/clan__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: clan
trans_list: klan | ród
sense:
A traditional social group of families in the Scottish Highlands having a common hereditary chieftain


lexentry: eng/clapboard__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clapboard
trans_list: gont
sense:
A narrow board, usually thicker at one edge than the other, used as siding for houses and similar structures of frame construction.


lexentry: eng/clapper__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: clapper
trans_list: serce
sense:
An object so suspended inside a bell that it may hit the bell and cause it to ring; a clanger or tongue.


lexentry: eng/clapperboard__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clapperboard
trans_list: klaps
sense:
(film) A device used in film production, having hinged boards that are brought together with a clap, used to synchronize picture and sound at the start of each take of a motion picture or other video production.


lexentry: eng/clarification__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clarification
trans_list: klaryfikacja
sense:
The act of clarifying; the act or process of making clear or transparent by freeing visible impurities; particularly, the clearing or fining of liquid substances from feculent matter by the separation of the insoluble particles which prevent the liquid from being transparent.


lexentry: eng/clarinet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clarinet
trans_list: klarnet
sense:
(musical instruments) A woodwind musical instrument that has a distinctive liquid tone whose characteristics vary among its three registers: chalumeau (low), clarion (medium), and altissimo (high).


lexentry: eng/clarion__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clarion
trans_list: trąbka
sense:
(brass instrument, historical, or, poetic) A medieval brass instrument chiefly used as a battle signal; related to the trumpet, it had a narrow, straight pipe and a high-pitched, piercing sound.


lexentry: eng/clasp-knife__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clasp-knife
trans_list: kozik
sense:
A knife with a hinged blade or blades that, for safety when not in use, can be folded into a slot in the handle.


lexentry: eng/class__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: class
trans_list: klasa
sense:
(sociology, countable) A social grouping, based on job, wealth, etc. In Britain, society is commonly split into three main classes: upper class, middle class and working class.


lexentry: eng/class__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: class
trans_list: klasa
sense:
(education, countable, and, uncountable) A group of students in a regularly scheduled meeting with a teacher.


lexentry: eng/class__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: class
trans_list: klasa
sense:
(countable) A group of students who commenced or completed their education during a particular year. A school class.


lexentry: eng/class__Noun__1
sense_num: 09
written_rep: class
trans_list: klasa
sense:
(taxonomy, countable) A rank in the classification of organisms, below phylum and above order; a taxon of that rank.


lexentry: eng/class__Noun__1
sense_num: 14
written_rep: class
trans_list: klasa
sense:
(object-oriented, countable) A set of objects having the same behavior (but typically differing in state), or a template defining such a set in terms of its common properties, functions, etc.


lexentry: eng/class_struggle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: class struggle
trans_list: walka klas
sense:
Conflict between social or economic classes (especially between the capitalist and proletariat classes); the active expression of a theoretical class conflict looked at from any kind of socialist perspective.


lexentry: eng/classical_antiquity__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: classical antiquity
trans_list: starożytność
sense:
(history) The era of the height of Greco-Roman civilization in southern Europe, roughly comprising the 6th century BC to the 5th century (AD), although sometimes distinguished from Late Antiquity


lexentry: eng/classical_language__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: classical language
trans_list: język klasyczny
sense:
(literature, linguistics) An ancient language that has an independent tradition that arose mostly on its own, and has a large and rich body of ancient literature.


lexentry: eng/classical_music__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: classical music
trans_list: muzyka poważna
sense:
(music genre) Music of the classical period; the music of Mozart, Haydn, etc; the musical period before the romantic.


lexentry: eng/classicism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: classicism
trans_list: klasycyzm
sense:
(uncountable) All the classical traditions of the art and architecture of ancient Greece and Rome, especially the aspects of simplicity, elegance and proportion.


lexentry: eng/classification__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: classification
trans_list: klasyfikacja
sense:
The act of forming into a class or classes; a distribution into groups, as classes, orders, families, etc., according to some common relations or attributes.


lexentry: eng/classified__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: classified
trans_list: niejawny | zastrzeżony
sense:
Formally assigned by a government to one of several levels of sensitivity, usually (in English) top secret, secret, confidential, and, in some countries, restricted; thereby making disclosure to unauthorized persons illegal.


lexentry: eng/classified_advertisement__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: classified advertisement
trans_list: anons
sense:
Any of a list of newspaper or website advertisements included with others under a heading describing the category of product or service offered.


lexentry: eng/classism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: classism
trans_list: klasizm
sense:
Discrimination or prejudice that is based on social class, especially against those of lower social class.


lexentry: eng/clathrate_compound__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clathrate compound
trans_list: klatrat
sense:
(chemistry) a substance consisting of molecules of one element or compound contained within the cage-like structure of another


lexentry: eng/clause__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: clause
trans_list: zdanie składowe
sense:
(grammar) A verb along with its subject and their modifiers. If a clause provides a complete thought on its own, then it is an independent (superordinate) clause; otherwise, it is (subordinate) dependent.


lexentry: eng/claustrum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: claustrum
trans_list: przedmurze
sense:
(neuroanatomy) A thin, irregular sheet of grey matter underneath the inner part of the neocortex on both sides of the brains of mammals; its exact function is not understood, but it is believed to facilitate coordination between senses


lexentry: eng/clavichord__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clavichord
trans_list: klawikord
sense:
(musical instruments) An early keyboard instrument producing a soft sound by means of metal blades (called tangents) attached to the inner ends of the keys gently striking the strings.


lexentry: eng/clavicle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clavicle
trans_list: obojczyk
sense:
(skeleton) The collarbone; the prominent bone at the top of the chest between the shoulder and the neck connecting the shoulder and the breastbone.


lexentry: eng/clavicytherium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clavicytherium
trans_list: claviciterium | klawicyterium
sense:
(musical instruments) A harpsichord in which the soundboard and strings are mounted vertically facing the player. [early 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/claw__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: claw
trans_list: szczypce | kleszcze
sense:
(botany) A slender appendage or process, formed like a claw, such as the base of petals of the pink.


lexentry: eng/clawed_frog__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clawed frog
trans_list: żaba szponiasta
sense:
Any of a group of aquatic carnivorous frogs in the genus Xenopus, which are very small and have small claws.


lexentry: eng/clay__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clay
trans_list: glina | ił
sense:
A mineral substance made up of small crystals of silica and alumina, that is ductile when moist; the material of pre-fired ceramics.


lexentry: eng/clean_and_jerk__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clean and jerk
trans_list: podrzut
sense:
(weightlifting) The act of lifting the barbell from the floor to a resting position across the front of the shoulders (the clean phase), pausing, and thrusting the barbell over the head to a stationary position in one movement (the jerk phase). The normal technique for both parts of this act involves propelling the barbell upwards, quickly lowering the torso, and then straightening the legs.


lexentry: eng/clear_one's_throat__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clear one's throat
trans_list: odchrząknąć | odchrząkiwać
sense:
Forcibly, sometimes mutedly, expelling air from one's lungs, sometimes to clear mucus, sometimes to attract attention to something; less vigorous than coughing.


lexentry: eng/clearance__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: clearance
trans_list: likwidacja | wyprzedaż
sense:
(retail) A sale of merchandise, especially at significantly reduced prices, usually in order to make room for new merchandise or updated versions of the same merchandise; sometimes as a closeout.


lexentry: eng/clearance__Noun__1
sense_num: 08
written_rep: clearance
trans_list: clearing | kliring
sense:
(banking, finance) The settlement of transactions involving securities or means of payment such as checks by means of a clearing house.


lexentry: eng/clearing__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: clearing
trans_list: clearing | kliring
sense:
(banking, finance) A process of exchanging transaction information and authorisation through a central institution or system to complete and settle those transactions.


lexentry: eng/clearness__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: clearness
trans_list: jasność
sense:
The state of being free from obscurities or opacity; distinctness of light, colour etc. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/cleat__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: cleat
trans_list: knaga
sense:
(nautical) A device to quickly affix a line or rope, and from which it is also easy to release. Nautical cleat


lexentry: eng/clef__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clef
trans_list: klucz
sense:
A symbol found on a musical staff that indicates the pitches represented by the lines and the spaces on the staff [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]


lexentry: eng/clematis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clematis
trans_list: powojnik
sense:
(botany) Any plant of the genus Clematis, vigorous climbing lianas found throughout the temperate zones.


lexentry: eng/clemency__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: clemency
trans_list: ułaskawienie
sense:
(legal) A pardon, commutation, or similar reduction, removal, or postponement of legal penalties by an executive officer of a state.


lexentry: eng/clementine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clementine
trans_list: klementynka
sense:
A type of small, sweet-tasting orange, the result of a hybrid cross between the willowleaf variety of mandarin orange (C. × deliciosa) and a sweet orange (C. × sinensis).


lexentry: eng/clerical_collar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clerical collar
trans_list: koloratka
sense:
A stiff white collar, having no opening at the front, fastened at the back, worn by members of the Christian clergy.


lexentry: eng/clerihew__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clerihew
trans_list: clerihew
sense:
A humorous rhyme of four lines with the rhyming scheme AABB, usually regarding a person mentioned in the first line. [from 1920s]


lexentry: eng/clerk__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clerk
trans_list: urzędniczka | urzędnik
sense:
One who occupationally provides assistance by working with records, accounts, letters, etc.; an office worker.


lexentry: eng/clever_dick__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clever dick
trans_list: chytra sztuka
sense:
(informal, chiefly, British) A person who annoyingly tries too hard to impress with their cleverness.


lexentry: eng/clevis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clevis
trans_list: kapa
sense:
A U-shaped coupling having holes at each end, through which a bolt is run; used especially to fit attachments to a tractor or other vehicle as it allows a degree of rotation about the bolt.


lexentry: eng/cliché__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cliché
trans_list: komunał | banał | frazes | sztampa
sense:
Something, most often a phrase or expression, that is overused or used outside its original context, so that its original impact and meaning are lost. A trite saying; a platitude. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/click__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: click
trans_list: pstryk | trzask
sense:
A brief, sharp, not particularly loud, relatively high-pitched sound produced by the impact of something small and hard against something hard, such as by the operation of a switch, a lock, or a latch.


lexentry: eng/click__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: click
trans_list: mlask
sense:
(phonetics) An ingressive sound made by coarticulating a velar or uvular closure with another closure.


lexentry: eng/click__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: click
trans_list: klik | kliknięcie
sense:
(GUI) The act of pressing a button on a computer mouse or similar input device, both as a physical act and a reaction in the software.


lexentry: eng/click__Verb__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: click
trans_list: klikać
sense:
(transitive, GUI) To select a software item using, usually, but not always, the pressing of a mouse button.


lexentry: eng/click_beetle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: click beetle
trans_list: kowal
sense:
Any of various beetles of the family Elateridae, generally less than 20 mm long, which, if turned upside down, flip themselves into the air with a clicking sound.


lexentry: eng/clickbait__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clickbait
trans_list: clickbait
sense:
(Internet, _, marketing, pejorative) Website content that is aimed at generating advertising revenue, especially at the expense of quality or accuracy, relying on sensationalist headlines to attract click-throughs; such headlines.


lexentry: eng/client__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: client
trans_list: klient
sense:
(computing) The role of a computer application or system that requests and/or consumes the services provided by another having the role of server.


lexentry: eng/client_state__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: client state
trans_list: państwo uzależnione
sense:
A state that is economically, politically and/or militarily dependent on another, more powerful state. Originally, the realm of a client king of Rome.


lexentry: eng/clientele__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clientele
trans_list: klientela
sense:
The body or class of people who frequent an establishment or purchase a service, especially when considered as forming a more-or-less homogeneous group of clients in terms of values or habits.


lexentry: eng/cliff_face__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cliff face
trans_list: ściana skalna
sense:
The very steep, vertical, or overhanging section of rock, earth, or ice slope usually free of any vegetation or loose material.


lexentry: eng/cliffhanger__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cliffhanger
trans_list: cliffhanger | zawieszenie akcji
sense:
(narratology) An ending or stopping point calculated to leave a story unresolved, in order to create suspense.


lexentry: eng/climate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: climate
trans_list: klimat
sense:
The long-term manifestations of weather and other atmospheric conditions in a given area or country, now usually represented by the statistical summary of its weather conditions during a period long enough to ensure that representative values are obtained (generally 30 years).


lexentry: eng/climate_change__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: climate change
trans_list: zmiany klimatu
sense:
Rapid, large-scale, and long-term change in the Earth's climatic system produced by global warming; anthropogenic climate change.


lexentry: eng/climate_refugee__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: climate refugee
trans_list: uchodźca klimatyczny
sense:
A person who is forced to relocate in response to anthropogenic climate change that has made their region unliveable.


lexentry: eng/climax__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: climax
trans_list: klimaks
sense:
(ecology) The culmination of ecological development, whereby species are in equilibrium with their environment.


lexentry: eng/climb__Verb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: climb
trans_list: wdrapać | wdrapywać
sense:
(transitive) To move (especially up and down something) by gripping with the hands and using the feet.


lexentry: eng/climber__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: climber
trans_list: roślina pnąca
sense:
(botany) A plant such as a vine that climbs upwards as it grows by attaching itself to some support.


lexentry: eng/climbing__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: climbing
trans_list: wspinaczka
sense:
(uncountable) The sport of climbing, ascending a wall or a rock or another object using available holds, generally with the safety of a rope and belayer.


lexentry: eng/clinch__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: clinch
trans_list: klamra
sense:
(wrestling, combat sports) The act of one or both fighters holding onto the other to prevent being hit or engage in standup grappling.


lexentry: eng/cling_film__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cling film
trans_list: taśma
sense:
(British) A plastic film (originally polyvinylidene chloride but now polyethylene) that is so light and thin that it clings to any object about which it is wrapped; used to cover and preserve foodstuffs etc.


lexentry: eng/clinic__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clinic
trans_list: klinika | przychodnia
sense:
A medical facility, such as a hospital, especially one for the treatment and diagnosis of outpatients.


lexentry: eng/clinical__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clinical
trans_list: kliniczny
sense:
(medicine) Dealing with the practical management of patients, in practice#Noun at the point of care; as contrasted with other health care venues (see clinical medicine#Noun for more explanation).


lexentry: eng/clinical__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: clinical
trans_list: bezduszny | beznamiętny
sense:
Cool and emotionless; in a professional way, as contrasted with an impetuous#Adjective or unprofessional#Adjective way.


lexentry: eng/clinical_death__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clinical death
trans_list: śmierć kliniczna
sense:
(medicine, legal) A state in which usual medically observable vital signs—such as respiration, heartbeat, and corneal reflex—are not present, but from which patients are sometimes revived.


lexentry: eng/clinical_psychology__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clinical psychology
trans_list: psychologia kliniczna
sense:
(psychology) A branch of psychology with the purpose of understanding, preventing, and relieving psychologically based distress or dysfunction and to promote subjective well-being and personal development.


lexentry: eng/clinical_trial__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clinical trial
trans_list: eksperyment kliniczny
sense:
(medicine) A test of a medication or other medical treatment (such as a medical device), usually a comparison against a placebo, other medications or devices, or the standard medical treatment for a patient's condition.


lexentry: eng/clinician__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: clinician
trans_list: klinicysta | klinicystka
sense:
(chiefly, US) Someone who conducts a clinic; an expert or skilled practitioner in a particular field, such as business or education. In this sense, a clinician is someone who provides practical advice or hands-on assistance to others in a specific area of expertise. For example, a business clinician might be an experienced consultant who helps companies improve their operations, while an education clinician might be a skilled teacher who provides professional development and support to other educators.


lexentry: eng/clink__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clink
trans_list: dzwonić
sense:
(ambitransitive) To make a clinking sound; to make a sound of metal on metal or glass on glass; to strike materials such as metal or glass against one another.


lexentry: eng/clinker__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: clinker
trans_list: samogłoska
sense:
Slag or ash produced by intense heat in a furnace, kiln or boiler that forms a hard residue upon cooling. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/clip__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: clip
trans_list: grzebień
sense:
(military) A frame containing a number of rounds of ammunition which is intended to be inserted into an internal magazine of a firearm to allow for rapid reloading.


lexentry: eng/clip_art__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clip art
trans_list: clipart | klipart
sense:
(computing) A set of images, distributed as files with other software, that may be copied and pasted into documents or other files.


lexentry: eng/clipboard__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: clipboard
trans_list: schowek
sense:
(computing) A buffer in memory where the user can store data temporarily while transferring it from one place within an application to another or between applications.


lexentry: eng/clipper__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: clipper
trans_list: kliper
sense:
(nautical) Any of several forms of very fast sailing ships having a long, low hull and a sharply raked stem.


lexentry: eng/clitellum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clitellum
trans_list: klitellum
sense:
(biology) A glandular swelling in the epidermis of some annelid worms; it secretes a viscous fluid in which the eggs are deposited.


lexentry: eng/clitic__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clitic
trans_list: klityka
sense:
(linguistics) A morpheme that functions like a word, but never appears as an independent word, instead being always attached to a following or preceding word (or, in some cases, within a surrounding word).


lexentry: eng/clitoris__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clitoris
trans_list: łechtaczka
sense:
(anatomy) A sensitive elongated erectile organ at the anterior part of the vulva in female humans and mammals, homologous with the penis. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/cloaca__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cloaca
trans_list: kloaka
sense:
(zoology) The duct in reptiles, amphibians and birds, as well as fish and some mammals, which serves as the common outlet for urination, defecation, and reproduction.


lexentry: eng/cloche__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cloche
trans_list: klosz
sense:
A glass covering, originally bell-shaped, for garden plants to prevent frost damage and promote early growth.


lexentry: eng/clock__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: clock
trans_list: zegar
sense:
(electronics) An electrical signal that synchronizes timing among digital circuits of semiconductor chips or modules.


lexentry: eng/clock_is_ticking__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clock is ticking
trans_list: zegar tyka
sense:
(idiomatic, almost always preceded by the and often followed by for) Time is running out; a deadline is approaching.


lexentry: eng/clock_tower__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clock tower
trans_list: wieża zegarowa
sense:
(architecture) A tower, usually in a prominent position, having a large clock in a high position, often with several faces.


lexentry: eng/clockwork__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clockwork
trans_list: zegarowy mechanizm sprężynowy
sense:
A mechanism powered by a coiled spring and regulated by some form of escapement; the power is transmitted through toothed gearwheels and used to drive a mechanical clock, toy, or other device.


lexentry: eng/cloister__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cloister
trans_list: krużganek
sense:
A covered walk with an open colonnade on one side, running along the walls of buildings that face a quadrangle; especially:


lexentry: eng/clone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clone
trans_list: klon
sense:
A living organism (originally a plant) produced asexually from a single ancestor, to which it is genetically identical.


lexentry: eng/close,_but_no_cigar__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: close, but no cigar
trans_list: prawie robi wielką różnicę
sense:
(idiomatic, originally, US, colloquial) Used to indicate that one is almost correct or has almost succeeded, but not quite. [from early 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/close__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: close
trans_list: zamykać | zamknąć
sense:
(ambitransitive) To move a thing, or part of a thing, nearer to another so that the gap or opening between the two is removed.


lexentry: eng/close_ranks__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: close ranks
trans_list: zewrzeć szeregi | zwierać szeregi
sense:
(figuratively) To regroup forces, especially when this involves overlooking differences in order to face a challenge or adverse situation. Often implies making a show of unity, especially to the public.


lexentry: eng/close_the_stable_door_after_the_horse_has_bolted__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: close the stable door after the horse has bolted
trans_list: mądry Polak po szkodzie
sense:
(idiomatic) To attempt to prevent a problem that has already occurred; to design and implement a preventive mechanism too late (after the first failure instead of before).


lexentry: eng/closer__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: closer
trans_list: bliżej
sense:
(baseball) A relief pitcher who specializes in getting the last three outs of the game. See Wikipedia:closer (baseball)


lexentry: eng/closet__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: closet
trans_list: szafa
sense:
(figuratively) A secret or hiding place, (particularly) the hiding place in English idioms such as in the closet and skeleton in the closet.


lexentry: eng/cloth__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cloth
trans_list: tkanina | materiał | sukno | płótno
sense:
(countable, uncountable) A fabric, usually made of woven, knitted, or felted fibres or filaments, such as used in dressing, decorating, cleaning or other practical use.


lexentry: eng/clothes_dryer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clothes dryer
trans_list: suszarka do ubrań
sense:
An electrical appliance used for drying clothes, usually by tumbling them in a heated rotating drum.


lexentry: eng/clothes_moth__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clothes moth
trans_list: mól
sense:
Any of several small, yellowish or buff-colored moths of the family Tineidae, feeding on textiles (wool, fur, feathers).


lexentry: eng/clothes_peg__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clothes peg
trans_list: klamerka | spinacz | żabka
sense:
(British, Australia, NZ) An object (usually made of wood or plastic) used to attach wet laundry to a clothesline so that it (the laundry) can dry.


lexentry: eng/cloud__Noun__1
sense_num: 10
written_rep: cloud
trans_list: chmura | obłok
sense:
(computing, with "the") The Internet, regarded as an abstract amorphous omnipresent space for processing and storage, the focus of cloud computing.


lexentry: eng/clouded_leopard__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clouded leopard
trans_list: pantera mglista
sense:
A medium-sized, arboreal cat (Neofelis nebulosa) found in Southeast Asia. It has a disproportionately long tail and canines, and a tawny coat with dark, irregular, oval markings.


lexentry: eng/clove__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clove
trans_list: goździk
sense:
(uncountable, countable) A very pungent aromatic spice, the unexpanded flower bud of the clove tree.


lexentry: eng/clove__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: clove
trans_list: drzewo goździkowe | goździkowiec korzenny
sense:
(countable) A clove tree, of the species Syzygium aromaticum (syn. Caryophyllus aromaticus), native to the Moluccas (Indonesian islands), which produces the spice.


lexentry: eng/clove_hitch__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clove hitch
trans_list: wyblinka
sense:
(nautical) a bend formed by two half hitches in the same direction, used to make a line fast to a spar or to a larger rope; it will not slip


lexentry: eng/clover__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clover
trans_list: koniczyna | dzięcielina
sense:
A plant of the genus Trifolium with leaves usually divided into three (rarely four) leaflets and with white or red flowers.


lexentry: eng/cloverleaf_interchange__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cloverleaf interchange
trans_list: koniczynka
sense:
(US, Canada) A junction of two highways, one crossing over the other, having a series of exit and entrance ramps, arranged in the form of a four-leaf clover, such that traffic may proceed from either highway in all directions.


lexentry: eng/clown__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clown
trans_list: klaun | błazen
sense:
A slapstick performance artist often associated with a circus and usually characterized by bright, oversized clothing, a red nose, face paint, and a brightly colored wig.


lexentry: eng/clownfish__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clownfish
trans_list: błazenek
sense:
Any of colorful fish of genera Amphiprion and Premnas in subfamily Amphiprioninae of family Pomacentridae, native to the Pacific and Indian Oceans, notable for their mutual relationship with sea anemones.


lexentry: eng/club__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: club
trans_list: klub | stowarzyszenie
sense:
An association of members joining together for some common purpose, especially sports or recreation.


lexentry: eng/club__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: club
trans_list: trefl | dzwonka | żołądź
sense:
(card games) A black clover shape (♣), one of the four symbols used to mark the suits of playing cards.


lexentry: eng/club_moss__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: club moss
trans_list: widłak
sense:
Any of various simple microphyllous vascular plants, of the family Lycopodiaceae, that resemble mosses and produce spores.


lexentry: eng/club_soda__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: club soda
trans_list: sodówka | woda gazowana | woda sodowa
sense:
(North America) A carbonated beverage consisting mainly of carbonated water, with or without a few other minor ingredients such as potassium citrate.


lexentry: eng/clumsy__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: clumsy
trans_list: niezgrabny
sense:
Awkward or inefficient in use or construction, difficult to handle or manage especially because of shape.


lexentry: eng/cluster__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cluster
trans_list: gromada
sense:
(astronomy) A group of galaxies, nebulae, or stars that appear to the naked eye to be near each other.


lexentry: eng/cluster__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cluster
trans_list: grono
sense:
(linguistics) Synonym of lexical bundle (“a sequence of two or more words that occur in a language with high frequency but are not idiomatic”)


lexentry: eng/cluster_bomb__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cluster bomb
trans_list: bomba kasetowa
sense:
An explosive munition designed to explode in the air and release a cluster of smaller explosives, thus spreading the blast over a larger area.


lexentry: eng/clusterfuck__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clusterfuck
trans_list: pierdolnik | burdel | chujnia | jebutnia | pierdolnia | przypał
sense:
(slang, vulgar) A chaotic situation where everything seems to go wrong, often caused by communication failure, a complex environment, or incompetence.


lexentry: eng/clutch__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: clutch
trans_list: sprzęgło
sense:
A device to interrupt power transmission, commonly used to separate the engine and gearbox in a car. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/clutch__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: clutch
trans_list: sprzęgło | pedał sprzęgła
sense:
The pedal in a car that disengages power and torque transmission from the engine (through the drivetrain) to the drive wheels.


lexentry: eng/cnidarian__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cnidarian
trans_list: parzydełkowiec
sense:
(zoology) Any of various invertebrate animals, such as jellyfish, hydras, sea anemones, corals and formerly sponges and ctenophores that belong to the phylum Cnidaria. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/cnidocyte__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cnidocyte
trans_list: parzydełko
sense:
(biology) A capsule, in certain cnidarians, containing a barbed, string-like tube that transfers a paralyzing sting. Synonyms: nematocyst,cnidoblast


lexentry: eng/co-brother-in-law__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: co-brother-in-law
trans_list: szwagier
sense:
(uncommon) One's spouse's brother-in-law (one's spouse's sibling's husband), especially one's wife's sister's husband; either of two (or more) men who marry sisters, in relation to the other; the brother of one spouse in relation to the siblings of the other spouse.


lexentry: eng/co-cathedral__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: co-cathedral
trans_list: konkatedra
sense:
(Christianity) One of a group of churches (usually a pair) which share the function of being the seat of a bishop.


lexentry: eng/coach__Adverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: coach
trans_list: trenować
sense:
(chiefly, US) Via the part of a commercial passenger airplane or train reserved for those paying the lower standard fares; via the economy section.


lexentry: eng/coagulation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: coagulation
trans_list: koagulacja
sense:
The precipitation of suspended particles as they increase in size by any of several physical or chemical processes. (e.g. coagulation of proteins)


lexentry: eng/coal_gas__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: coal gas
trans_list: gaz koksowniczy | gaz węglowy
sense:
(petrochemistry) The poisonous gas, used domestically for cooking etc and formerly for lighting, prepared by heating coal with steam; it is a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide; sometimes synonymous with synthesis gas or town gas.


lexentry: eng/coalface__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: coalface
trans_list: kuźnia
sense:
(figurative, UK) A place where more tangible, practical, or direct work of an activity is done, as opposed to theoretical or managerial work.


lexentry: eng/coalfish__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: coalfish
trans_list: czarniak
sense:
Any of several blackish fish, especially Pollachius virens, a pollack, and Anoplopoma fimbria, sablefish.


lexentry: eng/coaming__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: coaming
trans_list: zrębnica
sense:
(nautical) On a boat, the vertical side of above-deck structures, such as the coach roof, hatch, and cockpit.


lexentry: eng/coast__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: coast
trans_list: bezideowiec
sense:
(intransitive) To make a minimal effort; to continue to do something in a routine way, without initiative or effort.


lexentry: eng/coaster__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: coaster
trans_list: kabotażowiec
sense:
A merchant vessel that stays in coastal waters, especially one that travels between ports of the same country.


lexentry: eng/coaster__Noun__2
sense_num: 02
written_rep: coaster
trans_list: podstawka | podkładka | serwetka
sense:
A small, flat or tray-like object on which a bottle, cup, glass, mug, etc., is placed to protect a table surface from drink spills, heat, or water condensation.


lexentry: eng/coastline__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: coastline
trans_list: wybrzeże
sense:
The shape, outline, or boundary of a coast. (The term coastline is generally used to describe the approximate boundaries at relatively large spatial scales.)


lexentry: eng/coat_hanger__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: coat hanger
trans_list: wieszak
sense:
A device used to hang up coats, shirts, etc, consisting of a hook with sloping "arms" in the approximate shape of human shoulders.


lexentry: eng/coat_of_arms__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: coat of arms
trans_list: herb
sense:
(heraldry) Hereditary designs and symbols depicted on an escutcheon, sometimes accompanied by other elements of a heraldic achievement, such as a helm, crest, crest coronet, torse, mantling and supporters; described by a blazon.


lexentry: eng/coat_rack__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: coat rack
trans_list: wieszak
sense:
A rack or stand with hooks or pegs for holding hats and coats, often placed near an entrance for temporary use


lexentry: eng/coati__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: coati
trans_list: ostronos
sense:
Any of several omnivorous mammals, of the genus Nasua or Nasuella, in order Carnivora, that live in the range from southern United States to northern Argentina.


lexentry: eng/coax__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: coax
trans_list: dłubać
sense:
(transitive) To wheedle or persuade (a person, organisation, animal etc.) gradually or by use of flattery to do something.


lexentry: eng/coaxial_cable__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: coaxial cable
trans_list: kabel koncentryczny
sense:
(electronics, telecommunications) A transmission line, consisting of a conducting wire surrounded by an insulated spacer, surrounded by a cylindrical conducting sheath; used to carry high frequency signals such as TV.


lexentry: eng/cobbler__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cobbler
trans_list: cobbler
sense:
(US, alcoholic beverages) An (iced) alcoholic drink containing spirit or wine, with lemon juice and sugar.


lexentry: eng/cobbler__Noun__6
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cobbler
trans_list: cobbler
sense:
(US) Often preceded by a descriptive word as in apple cobbler, peach cobbler, etc.: a kind of pie, usually filled with fruit, originally having a crust at the base but nowadays generally lacking this and instead topped with a thick, cake-like pastry layer.


lexentry: eng/cobelligerent__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cobelligerent
trans_list: państwo sojusznicze
sense:
Country that wages war against a common enemy, without the countries on the same side having a formal treaty of military alliance.


lexentry: eng/coca__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: coca
trans_list: koka
sense:
The dried leaf of one of these plants, the South American shrub (Erythroxylum coca), widely cultivated in Andean countries, which is the source of cocaine and used as aphrodisiac in the past.


lexentry: eng/cocaine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cocaine
trans_list: kokaina
sense:
(uncountable, pharmaceutical drug) An addictive drug derived from coca (Erythroxylum) or prepared synthetically, used sometimes medicinally as a local anesthetic and, often illegally, as a stimulant.


lexentry: eng/cock__Verb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: cock
trans_list: nadstawić | postawić | wznieść
sense:
(British, transitive, slang) To copulate with; (by extension, as with fuck) to mess up, to damage, to destroy.


lexentry: eng/cock_up__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cock up
trans_list: nie wykorzystać
sense:
(ambitransitive, Britain, New Zealand, Australia, Ireland, slang, vulgar) To ruin (something) unintentionally; to fuck up, mess up, or screw up.


lexentry: eng/cockatiel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cockatiel
trans_list: nimfa
sense:
Nymphicus hollandicus, a small, rather atypical cockatoo with a distinctive pointed yellow crest, native to Australia. Avicultural forms come in many color mutations such as White Face Gray, White Face Pearl, Fallow, Pearl Pied, Cinnamon Pearl, and White Face Pied.


lexentry: eng/cockatrice__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cockatrice
trans_list: kuroliszek
sense:
(mythology) A legendary creature about the size and shape of a dragon or wyvern, but in appearance resembling a giant rooster, with some lizard-like characteristics.


lexentry: eng/cockfighting__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cockfighting
trans_list: walka kogutów
sense:
A gambling blood sport (illegal in most countries) in which two roosters have spikes placed on their feet and are made to fight each other, usually to the death.


lexentry: eng/cockle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cockle
trans_list: sercówka
sense:
Any of various edible European bivalve mollusks, of the family Cardiidae, having heart-shaped shells.


lexentry: eng/cockpit__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cockpit
trans_list: kokpit | kabina pilotów
sense:
The compartment in an aircraft in which the pilot sits and from where the craft is controlled; an analogous area in a spacecraft. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/cocktail_fork__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cocktail fork
trans_list: widelczyk
sense:
A small fork usually with two or three tines, used for eating dishes served as appetizers (such as fruit cocktails and shrimp cocktails), and for picking up olives and other small snacks.


lexentry: eng/cocoa_powder__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cocoa powder
trans_list: kakao
sense:
(baking, cooking) A powder derived from ground cocoa solids, which is used to make the drink of cocoa, various chocolate products, also used as an ingredient in baking.


lexentry: eng/coconut__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: coconut
trans_list: orzech kokosowy | kokos
sense:
A fruit of the coconut palm (not a true nut), Cocos nucifera, having a fibrous husk surrounding a large seed.


lexentry: eng/coconut_crab__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: coconut crab
trans_list: krab palmowy
sense:
A terrestrial hermit crab of species Birgus latro, that lives on the shores of the Indian Ocean and the central Pacific Ocean and feeds on fruits, nuts, seeds and coconut flesh.


lexentry: eng/coconut_milk__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: coconut milk
trans_list: mleczko kokosowe
sense:
A thick white liquid produced by soaking the white inner flesh of the seed of the coconut in water and straining. It is traditionally used in Southeast Asian cuisine in curry and other gravy.


lexentry: eng/coconut_oil__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: coconut oil
trans_list: olej kokosowy
sense:
A type of cooking oil extracted from the kernel or meat of matured coconuts harvested from the coconut palm.


lexentry: eng/coconut_water__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: coconut water
trans_list: woda kokosowa
sense:
A clear liquid found inside immature coconuts, which suspends the endosperm during the nuclear stage of development. It is a popular drink in tropical regions.


lexentry: eng/cocooning__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cocooning
trans_list: zostawanie w domu
sense:
(by extension) The act of staying inside one's home, insulated from perceived danger, instead of going out.


lexentry: eng/cod__Noun__2
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cod
trans_list: dorsz | wątłusz | pomuchla
sense:
The sea fish of the genus Gadus generally, as inclusive of the Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus) and Greenland cod (Gadus ogac or Gadus macrocephalus ogac).


lexentry: eng/cod_liver_oil__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cod liver oil
trans_list: tran
sense:
Oil derived from the liver of codfish, often used as a nutritional supplement due to its high levels of omega-3 fatty acids, EPA and DHA, and very high levels of vitamin A and vitamin D.


lexentry: eng/coda__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: coda
trans_list: powrót do normalnego poziomu
sense:
(phonology) The optional final sound of a syllable or word, occurring after its nucleus and usually composed of one or more consonants.


lexentry: eng/coda__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: coda
trans_list: powrót do normalnego poziomu
sense:
(geology) In seismograms, the gradual return to baseline after a seismic event. The length of the coda can be used to estimate event magnitude, and the shape sometimes reveals details of subsurface structures.


lexentry: eng/code__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: code
trans_list: kodeks | kod
sense:
A body of law, sanctioned by legislation, in which the rules of law to be specifically applied by the courts are set forth in systematic form; a compilation of laws by public authority; a digest.


lexentry: eng/code__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: code
trans_list: kod | szyfr
sense:
(cryptography) A cryptographic system using a codebook that converts words or phrases into codewords.


lexentry: eng/code__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: code
trans_list: kod
sense:
(programming, uncountable) Instructions for a computer, written in a programming language; the input of a translator, an interpreter or a browser, namely: source code, machine code, bytecode.


lexentry: eng/code_block__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: code block
trans_list: blok
sense:
(programming) A block of source code, often one that is delimited by brackets or in some similar way, depending on the programming language.


lexentry: eng/code_name__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: code name
trans_list: kryptonim
sense:
(business, espionage, military) A name used to clandestinely identify somebody or something, either for military or espionage purposes, or for commercial confidentiality.


lexentry: eng/code_of_honour__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: code of honour
trans_list: kodeks honorowy
sense:
Certain rules by which social intercourse is regulated among a social group, and which are founded on a regard for reputation.


lexentry: eng/codeine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: codeine
trans_list: kodeina
sense:
(pharmaceutical drug) An addictive alkaloid narcotic derived from opium and used as a hypnotic, analgesic and antitussive; often mixed with aspirin etc.


lexentry: eng/codomain__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: codomain
trans_list: przeciwdziedzina
sense:
(mathematics, analysis) The target set into which a function is formally defined to map elements of its domain; the set denoted Y in the notation f : X → Y.


lexentry: eng/codpiece__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: codpiece
trans_list: mieszek | saczek
sense:
A part of male dress in the 15th and 16th centuries, worn in front of the breeches to cover the male genitals.


lexentry: eng/coefficient_of_friction__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: coefficient of friction
trans_list: współczynnik tarcia
sense:
(physics) The ratio between (1) the magnitude of the force of friction which a surface produces on an object (moving along the surface or being pressed statically against it) and (2) the magnitude of the normal force which is produced by the surface on the object and which is perpendicular to that surface.


lexentry: eng/coelacanth__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: coelacanth
trans_list: latimeria
sense:
Either of two species of deep-water fish, Latimeria chalumnae of the Indian Ocean and Latimeria menadoensis of Indonesia.


lexentry: eng/coelenterate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: coelenterate
trans_list: jamochłon
sense:
(zoology, dated) Any simple aquatic animal formerly considered to belong to the phylum Coelenterata, now divided into the cnidarians and ctenophores.


lexentry: eng/coeliac_disease__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: coeliac disease
trans_list: celiakia | choroba trzewna
sense:
(UK) An auto-immune disease characterised by sensitivity of the lining of the small intestine to gluten, causing a failure to digest food properly.


lexentry: eng/coerce__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: coerce
trans_list: zmusić | zmuszać
sense:
(transitive) To use force, threat, fraud, or intimidation in an attempt to compel one to act against their will.


lexentry: eng/coercion__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: coercion
trans_list: przymus
sense:
(uncountable) Actual or threatened force for the purpose of compelling action by another person; the act of coercing.


lexentry: eng/coevolution__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: coevolution
trans_list: koewolucja
sense:
(ecology, evolutionary theory) The evolution of organisms of two or more species in which each adapts to changes in the other.


lexentry: eng/coexist__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: coexist
trans_list: koegzystować | współistnieć
sense:
(intransitive, stative, of two or more things, people, concepts, etc.) To exist contemporaneously or in the same area.


lexentry: eng/coexistence__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: coexistence
trans_list: koegzystencja | współistnienie
sense:
The state of two or more things existing together, usually in a temporal or spatial sense, with or without mutual interaction.


lexentry: eng/coffee_bean__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: coffee bean
trans_list: ziarnko kawy | ziarenko kawy
sense:
The seed of a tropical plant of the genus Coffea. Prepared by drying, roasting and grinding for making the beverage coffee.


lexentry: eng/coffee_break__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: coffee break
trans_list: przerwa na kawę
sense:
A rest period during the business day (usually of about 10 or 15 minutes). So named because it is an opportunity to get coffee.


lexentry: eng/coffee_grinder__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: coffee grinder
trans_list: młynek do kawy
sense:
A device for pulverizing or powdering coffee beans so they can be brewed as coffee. (Technically many of the machines tear the coffee beans).


lexentry: eng/coffee_table__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: coffee table
trans_list: ława
sense:
(furniture) A long, low table, often placed before seating in a living room, on which drinks may be served, and magazines etc placed.


lexentry: eng/cofinal__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cofinal
trans_list: współkońcowy
sense:
(order theory) Of a subset of a partially ordered set; containing elements at least as late as any given element of the set, relative to the given partial order.


lexentry: eng/cofounder__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cofounder
trans_list: współzałożyciel | współzałożycielka
sense:
A joint founder; one of several people involved with the creation of a business, organization, union, or entity.


lexentry: eng/cog__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cog
trans_list: koga
sense:
(historical) A clinker-built, flat-bottomed, square-rigged mediaeval ship of burden, or war with a round, bulky hull and a single mast, typically 15 to 25 meters in length.


lexentry: eng/cognate_accusative__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cognate accusative
trans_list: spokrewniony przedmiot
sense:
(grammar) An object of kindred sense or derivation; specifically, that which may adverbially follow an intransitive verb (for example, the word death in “to die the death”).


lexentry: eng/cognition__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cognition
trans_list: percepcja | poznanie
sense:
The process of knowing, of acquiring knowledge and understanding through thought and through the senses.


lexentry: eng/cognitive__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cognitive
trans_list: poznawczy | kognitywny
sense:
Relating to the part of mental functions that deals with logic, as opposed to affective which deals with emotions.


lexentry: eng/cognitive_behavioral_therapy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cognitive behavioral therapy
trans_list: terapia poznawczo-behawioralna
sense:
(psychology) A psychotherapeutic approach that addresses dysfunctional emotions, behaviors, and cognitions, focussing on a client's current state rather than on their past.


lexentry: eng/cognitive_dissonance__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cognitive dissonance
trans_list: dysonans poznawczy
sense:
(psychology) A conflict or anxiety resulting from inconsistencies between one's beliefs and one's actions or other beliefs.


lexentry: eng/cognitive_psychology__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cognitive psychology
trans_list: psychologia poznawcza
sense:
(psychology) A branch of psychology that examines internal mental processes such as problem solving, memory, and language.


lexentry: eng/cognize__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cognize
trans_list: poznać
sense:
To make into an object of cognition (the process of acquiring knowledge through thought); to cogitate.


lexentry: eng/cognomen__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cognomen
trans_list: nazwisko
sense:
(historical) A personal epithet or clan name added to the given name and family name of Ancient Romans.


lexentry: eng/cohabitation__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: cohabitation
trans_list: kohabitacja
sense:
(politics) Cooperation between politicians of opposing political parties; especially, in France, between a President and Prime Minister.


lexentry: eng/cohort__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cohort
trans_list: kohorta
sense:
(statistics) A demographic grouping of people, especially those in a defined age group, or having a common characteristic.


lexentry: eng/cohort__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: cohort
trans_list: kohorta
sense:
(historical, Ancient Rome, military) Any division of a Roman legion, normally of about 500 or 600 men (equalling about six centuries).


lexentry: eng/cohort_study__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cohort study
trans_list: badanie kohorty
sense:
A type of research project in which participants sharing a common feature (the cohort) are studied over a long period of time.


lexentry: eng/coin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: coin
trans_list: moneta | bilon
sense:
(money) A piece of currency, usually metallic and in the shape of a disc, but sometimes polygonal, or with a hole in the middle.


lexentry: eng/coir__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: coir
trans_list: ambona
sense:
The fibre obtained from the husk of a coconut, used chiefly in making rope, matting and as a peat substitute.


lexentry: eng/coke__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: coke
trans_list: koks
sense:
(uncountable) Solid residue from roasting coal in a coke oven; used principally as a fuel and in the production of steel and formerly as a domestic fuel.


lexentry: eng/colander__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: colander
trans_list: durszlak | cedzak
sense:
A bowl-shaped kitchen utensil with holes in it used for draining food that has been cooking in water, such as pasta.


lexentry: eng/colchicine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: colchicine
trans_list: kolchicyna
sense:
(organic compound, pharmaceutical drug) A highly toxic alkaloid, chemical formula C22H25NO6, originally extracted from plants of the genus Colchicum and formerly used to treat rheumatic complaints, now used mainly in the treatment of gout.


lexentry: eng/cold__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: cold
trans_list: przeziębienie
sense:
(countable, pathology) A common, usually harmless, viral illness, usually with congestion of the nasal passages and sometimes fever.


lexentry: eng/cold_fusion__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cold fusion
trans_list: zimna fuzja
sense:
A hypothetical form of nuclear fusion not requiring the usual immensely high temperatures; nuclear fusion at or near room temperature.


lexentry: eng/cold_sore__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cold sore
trans_list: opryszczka wargi
sense:
(pathology) A small bump (namely a vesicle) on the lips resulting from infection by herpes simplex viruses (mostly HHV1 but also HHV2).


lexentry: eng/cold_turkey__Adverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cold turkey
trans_list: jednocześnie
sense:
(idiomatic) Not gradually; all at once. Refers especially to quitting a habit by force of will rather than by a gradual reduction.


lexentry: eng/cold_war__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cold war
trans_list: zimna wojna
sense:
A period of hostile relations between rivals where direct open warfare between them is largely undesired and avoided. [from 1945]


lexentry: eng/coleslaw__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: coleslaw
trans_list: coleslaw | colesław | kolesław
sense:
A salad of finely shredded raw cabbage and sometimes shredded carrots, dressed with mayonnaise (white slaw) or a vinaigrette (red slaw).


lexentry: eng/colewort__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: colewort
trans_list: kapusta
sense:
A plant of the genus Brassica; now specifically, a Brassica plant without a head used for food, such as kale.


lexentry: eng/coli__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: coli
trans_list: pałeczka okrężnicy
sense:
(often, attributive, bacteriology) Escherichia coli, a Gram-negative bacterium commonly found in the lower intestine of warm-blooded organisms.


lexentry: eng/colic__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: colic
trans_list: kolka
sense:
(pathology) Severe pains that grip the abdomen or the disease that causes such pains (due to intestinal or bowel-related problems).


lexentry: eng/collar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: collar
trans_list: kołnierz | kołnierzyk
sense:
The part of an upper garment (shirt, jacket, etc.) that fits around the neck and throat, especially if sewn from a separate piece of fabric.


lexentry: eng/collard_greens__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: collard greens
trans_list: jarmuż
sense:
A form of Brassica oleracea, sometimes called Brassica oleracea var. acephala or Brassica oleracea var. viridis, similar to kale, that is a popular food in the rural southern United States.


lexentry: eng/collared_flycatcher__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: collared flycatcher
trans_list: muchołówka białoszyja
sense:
Ficedula albicollis, an Old World flycatcher breeding in eastern Europe and across Central Asia, overwintering in Africa


lexentry: eng/collateral__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: collateral
trans_list: fant
sense:
(finance) A security or guarantee (usually an asset) pledged for the repayment of a loan if one cannot procure enough funds to repay.


lexentry: eng/collateral_damage__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: collateral damage
trans_list: straty cywilne
sense:
(military, euphemistic) Damage to civilian property or civilian casualties that are the unintended result of military operations.


lexentry: eng/collect__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: collect
trans_list: kolekta
sense:
(Christianity) The prayer said before the reading of the epistle lesson, especially one found in a prayerbook, as with the Book of Common Prayer.


lexentry: eng/collect__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: collect
trans_list: kolekcjonować
sense:
(transitive) To accumulate (a number of similar or related objects), particularly for a hobby or recreation.


lexentry: eng/collectible__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: collectible
trans_list: kolekcjonerski
sense:
Worthy or suitable for collecting on historical/financial grounds, or for meeting a personal aesthetic.


lexentry: eng/collecting__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: collecting
trans_list: kolekcjonerstwo | zbieractwo
sense:
A hobby including seeking, locating, acquiring, organizing, cataloging, displaying, storing, and maintaining whatever items are of interest to the individual collector.


lexentry: eng/collection__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: collection
trans_list: zbiór | kolekcja
sense:
(set theory, topology, analysis) A set of sets; used because such a thing is in general too large to comply with the formal definition of a set.


lexentry: eng/collection__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: collection
trans_list: zrzutka | składka | zbiórka
sense:
A gathering of money for charitable or other purposes, as by passing a contribution box for donations.


lexentry: eng/collection_plate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: collection plate
trans_list: taca
sense:
A plate or other container passed among the worshipers attending a Christian church service, into which donations of money are placed.


lexentry: eng/collective_agreement__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: collective agreement
trans_list: układ zbiorowy
sense:
A contract specifying terms and conditions of employment between one or more labour unions and employers' associations legally binding for employers organized in these and the employees if they are unionized in them or their employment contract incorporates them by referral.


lexentry: eng/collective_noun__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: collective noun
trans_list: kolektiwum
sense:
(grammar) A noun which, though singular, refers to a group of things or animals. Examples: a school of fish, a pride of lions.


lexentry: eng/collective_security__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: collective security
trans_list: bezpieczeństwo zbiorowe
sense:
The concept of maintaining peace among all nations or members of a group by making the security concerns of one member important to all members.


lexentry: eng/collectively__Adverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: collectively
trans_list: zbiorowo
sense:
In a collective manner; viewed together as a whole; to be treated as a single unit, rather than the items that make up the collection separately.


lexentry: eng/collectivism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: collectivism
trans_list: kolektywizm
sense:
An economic system in which the means of production and distribution are owned and controlled by the people collectively


lexentry: eng/collenchyma__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: collenchyma
trans_list: kolenchyma | zwarcica
sense:
(biology) A living, elongated, mechanical and flexible ground tissue with angular pectin depositions; present just under leaves, tendrils and stems of climbers; formed before vascular differentiation.


lexentry: eng/collider__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: collider
trans_list: zderzacz
sense:
(physics) Any of several forms of particle accelerator in which two opposing beams of particles collide.


lexentry: eng/collier__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: collier
trans_list: węglarz
sense:
A person in the business or occupation of producing (digging or mining) coal or making charcoal or in its transporting or commerce.


lexentry: eng/colloid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: colloid
trans_list: koloid
sense:
(chemistry) A stable system of two phases, one of which is dispersed in the other in the form of very small droplets or particles.


lexentry: eng/colloquialism__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
sense: Colloquial style of speaking.
written_rep: colloquialism
trans_list:
język obiegowy | język pospolity | język potoczny | język powszechny | język swobodny | mowa potoczna


lexentry: eng/colocynth__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: colocynth
trans_list: kolokwinta
sense:
A viny plant, Citrullus colocynthis, native to the Mediterranean Basin and Asia. It produces a lemon-sized, yellowish, green-mottled, spongy, and extremely bitter fruit.


lexentry: eng/colocynth__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: colocynth
trans_list: kolokwinta
sense:
The powdered pulp of this fruit, a powerful hepatic stimulant and hydragogue cathartic used as a strong laxative.


lexentry: eng/cologne__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cologne
trans_list: woda kolońska
sense:
Any of a family of fresh, citrus-based fragrances distilled using extracts from citrus, floral, and woody ingredients, said to have been developed in the early 18th century in Cologne, Germany.


lexentry: eng/colon__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: colon
trans_list: okrężnica
sense:
(anatomy) Part of the large intestine; the final segment of the digestive system, after (distal to) the ileum and before (proximal to) the rectum. (Because the colon is the largest part of the large intestine (constituting most of it), it is often treated as synonymous therewith in broad or casual usage.)


lexentry: eng/colonel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: colonel
trans_list: pułkownik
sense:
A commissioned officer in an armed military organization, typically the highest rank before flag officer ranks (generals). It is generally found in armies, air forces or naval infantry (marines).


lexentry: eng/colonialism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: colonialism
trans_list: kolonializm
sense:
The policy of a country seeking to extend or retain its authority over other people or territories, generally with the aim of economic dominance.


lexentry: eng/colony__Noun__1
sense_num: 09
written_rep: colony
trans_list: kolonia
sense:
A potential new chapter of a fraternity or sorority awaiting official recognition from their headquarters.


lexentry: eng/color__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: color
trans_list: kolor
sense:
(heraldry) Any of the standard dark tinctures used in a coat of arms, including azure, gules, sable, and vert.


