# translation

lexentry: eng/Mediterranean_diet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mediterranean diet
trans_list: dieta mediterranea
sense:
A diet typical of that eaten by people in the Mediterranean region (with olive oil, legumes, unrefined cereals, fruits and vegetables, etc. and limited meat other than fish); thought to increase life expectancy and protect against heart disease and cancer.


lexentry: eng/Megaera__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Megaera
trans_list: Megera
sense:
(Greek god) One of the Furies, Erinyes in Greek mythology, the cause of jealousy and envy, who punishes people who commit crimes, especially marital infidelity.


lexentry: eng/Megleno-Romanian__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Megleno-Romanian
trans_list: meglenoromeno
sense:
A member of a small Eastern Romance people, originally inhabiting seven villages in the Moglena region spanning the Pella and Kilkis regional units of Central Macedonia, Greece, and one village, Huma, across the border in North Macedonia.


lexentry: eng/Megleno-Romanian__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Megleno-Romanian
trans_list: lingua meglenorumena
sense:
An endangered Eastern Romance language spoken in northern Greece, North Macedonia and parts of Romania, and related to Romanian, Aromanian and Istro-Romanian.


lexentry: eng/Mekong__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mekong
trans_list: Mekong
sense:
TemplateParserError:LuaError that flows about 4,183 km (2,600 miles) from Tibet to the South China Sea in Vietnam.


lexentry: eng/Melk__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Melk
trans_list: Melk
sense:
TemplateParserError:LuaError, in the federal state of Lower Austria, known as the site of a massive baroque Benedictine monastery.


lexentry: eng/Melkite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Melkite
trans_list: melchita
sense:
(historical) In 5th-century Syria and Egypt, a sobriquet applied to Chalcedonians by their opponents, denoting the Chalcedonians' fidelity to the Byzantine emperor.


lexentry: eng/Melkite__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Melkite
trans_list: melchita
sense:
(since the Great Schism) A member of the Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Alexandria, the Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Antioch or the Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Jerusalem; ellipsis of Orthodox Melkite.


lexentry: eng/Member_of_Parliament__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Member of Parliament
trans_list: inviato
sense:
(UK, Canada, Australia, NZ) A representative elected by the voters of an electoral district to a house of a parliament.


lexentry: eng/Memnon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Memnon
trans_list: Memnone | Mennone
sense:
(Greek mythology) An Ethiopian king and son of Tithonus and Eos. Considered a great warrior, he fought on the side of Troy and was killed by Achilles.


lexentry: eng/Mendelism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mendelism
trans_list: mendelismo
sense:
The whole body of principles of heredity, formulated by G. Mendel, that represent the basis of genetics.


lexentry: eng/Menelaus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Menelaus
trans_list: Menelao
sense:
(Greek mythology) the king of Mycenaean Sparta, the husband of Helen of Troy, the brother of Agamemnon, the leader of the Spartan contingent of the Greek army during the Trojan War


lexentry: eng/Mennonite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mennonite
trans_list: mennonita
sense:
A member of any of a group of Protestant churches or denominations in the Anabaptist tradition, practicing credobaptism and committed to nonresistance and nonviolence, many of whom may wear plain dress and shun modern technology.


lexentry: eng/Mensa__Proper_noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mensa
trans_list: Mensa
sense:
(constellation) A summer constellation of the southern sky, originally named after Table Mountain in South Africa. It lies between the constellations of Hydrus and Volans.


lexentry: eng/Mercury__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mercury
trans_list: Mercurio
sense:
(astronomy) The planet in the solar system with the closest orbit to the Sun, named after the god; represented by ☿.


lexentry: eng/Mercury__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Mercury
trans_list: Mercurio
sense:
(Roman god) The Roman god associated with speed, sometimes used as a messenger, wearing winged sandals; the Roman counterpart of the Greek god Hermes.


lexentry: eng/Meroitic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Meroitic
trans_list: meroitico
sense:
Describing the language once used in Meroë, or the script, related to hieroglyphs, in which it was written.


lexentry: eng/Merovingian__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Merovingian
trans_list: Merovingio
sense:
One of a Salian Frankish dynasty that came to rule the Franks in a region (known as Francia in Latin) largely corresponding to ancient Gaul from the middle of the 5th century, and whose politics involved frequent civil warfare among branches of the family.


lexentry: eng/Mesoamerica__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mesoamerica
trans_list: Mesoamerica
sense:
A pre-Columbian cultural region extending from the southern part of Mexico to an area that comprises some parts of the countries of Central America


lexentry: eng/Mesopotamia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mesopotamia
trans_list: Mesopotamia
sense:
A region in Southwest Asia spanning from the rivers Euphrates and Tigris that is the site of one of the most ancient civilizations in the history of man.


lexentry: eng/Messidor__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Messidor
trans_list: messidoro
sense:
(historical) The tenth month of the French Republican Calendar, from June 19 or 20 to July 18 or 19.


lexentry: eng/Messinian_salinity_crisis__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Messinian salinity crisis
trans_list: crisi di salinità del Messiniano | evento messiniano
sense:
(geology) A geological event, characterised by the partial desiccation of the Mediterranean basin, which occurred throughout the latter part of the Messinian age of the Miocene epoch, from 5.96 to 5.33 million years ago, and finally ended with the Zanclean flood.


lexentry: eng/Methodist__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Methodist
trans_list: metodista
sense:
Of or pertaining to the branch of Christianity that descends from the religious societies overseen by John Wesley (1703–1791) among others.


lexentry: eng/Meuse__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Meuse
trans_list: Mosa
sense:
TemplateParserError:LuaError that flows about 901 km (560 mi) from France through Belgium (Wallonia region) to the North Sea at the Netherlands.


lexentry: eng/Mexican_Spanish__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mexican Spanish
trans_list: messicano
sense:
A set of variations of the Spanish language as spoken in Mexico and in some parts of the United States and Canada, where there are communities of Hispanic origin influenced by North American Spanish-speaking media.


lexentry: eng/Mexican_wave__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mexican wave
trans_list: onda
sense:
(UK, Ireland, Australia, NZ) A phenomenon that primarily occurs at sports events, where the members of the crowd stand up and/or raise their hands in turn, creating the illusion of a wave passing through the crowd.


lexentry: eng/Meänkieli__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Meänkieli
trans_list: meänkieli
sense:
A language spoken by some 40,000–70,000 people mainly in Northern Sweden. It is a variant of Finnish with a structure and grammar similar to Finnish, but the vocabulary considerably influenced by Swedish.


lexentry: eng/Mi'kmaq__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Mi'kmaq
trans_list: combinazione
sense:
The polysynthetic Eastern Algonquian language spoken by this people, closely related to Maliseet and Passamaquoddy.


lexentry: eng/Miami__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Miami
trans_list: Miami
sense:
Ellipsis of Miami River.; TemplateParserError:LuaError, a river flowing past the city of Miami, Dade.


lexentry: eng/Micah__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Micah
trans_list: Michea
sense:
An Ephraimite featured in Judges 17–18 and protagonist of the Micah’s idol narrative. Also called Michas.


lexentry: eng/Michael__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Michael
trans_list: Michele
sense:
(Judaism, Christianity, Islam) An archangel associated with defending the faithful in the tribulation.


lexentry: eng/Michelangelo__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Michelangelo
trans_list: Michelangelo
sense:
A 15th- and 16th-century Italian artist, full name Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni (1475–1564).


lexentry: eng/Mickey_Mouse__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mickey Mouse
trans_list: Topolino
sense:
The most famous Disney cartoon character, an anthropomorphic mouse with a falsetto voice and a cheerful disposition.


lexentry: eng/Microscopium__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Microscopium
trans_list: Microscopio
sense:
(constellation) A faint constellation of the southern spring sky, said to resemble a microscope. It lies south of the constellation of Capricornus.


lexentry: eng/Midas_touch__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Midas touch
trans_list: tocco di Mida
sense:
(idiomatic) The ability to achieve financial reward (or, more generally, success) from one's actions easily and consistently.


lexentry: eng/Middle_Ages__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Middle Ages
trans_list: Medioevo
sense:
(history) The period of primarily European history between the decline of the Western Roman Empire (antiquity) and the early modern period or the Renaissance; the time between c. 500 and 1500.


lexentry: eng/Middle_Chinese__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Middle Chinese
trans_list: medio cinese
sense:
Chinese language spoken during Southern and Northern Dynasties and the Sui, Tang, and Song dynasties (6th century – 10th century)


lexentry: eng/Middle_Dutch__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Middle Dutch
trans_list: olandese medio
sense:
Collective name for a number of closely related West Germanic dialects (whose ancestor was Old Dutch) which were spoken and written between 1150 and 1500 in the present-day Dutch-speaking area. There was at that time as yet no overarching standard language, but they were all mutually intelligible.


lexentry: eng/Middle_East__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Middle East
trans_list: Medio Oriente
sense:
(geopolitics) The region comprising West Asia without the South Caucasus and additionally including all of Egypt (not just the Sinai) and all of Turkey (not just Asian Turkey).


lexentry: eng/Middle_English__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Middle English
trans_list: inglese media
sense:
The ancient or older language of Modern English, spoken in England and parts of Scotland (where it became Lowland Scots) from about 1100 AD to 1500 AD. It developed from Anglo-Saxon, also called Old English, with heavy influence from French and Latin after the Norman invasion.


lexentry: eng/Middle_French__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Middle French
trans_list: francese medio
sense:
A historical division of the French language, spoken roughly from 1340 to 1610, during which French became established as the official language of France.


lexentry: eng/Middle_High_German__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Middle High German
trans_list: alto tedesco medio | medio alto tedesco
sense:
An ancestor to the modern (High) German language, spoken from 1050 to about 1500. Some linguists prefer to use 1350 as the end of the Middle High German period, calling the period from 1350 to 1650 Early New High German in a broad sense.


lexentry: eng/Middle_Korean__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Middle Korean
trans_list: Medio Coreano
sense:
The Korean language of the 10th (or 13th, depending on the analysis) century to 16th century, or from the era of Goryeo to the middle of Joseon, based on the dialect of Kaesong because the new Goryeo dynasty moved its capital city to northern area of Korean peninsula.


lexentry: eng/Milky_Way__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Milky Way
trans_list: Via Lattea | via lattea
sense:
(galaxy) The Milky Way Galaxy, the galaxy in which Earth is located; extension of the night sky phenomenon.


lexentry: eng/Milky_Way__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Milky Way
trans_list: Via Lattea
sense:
(astronomy) A broad band of diffuse white light, visible in the night sky; our view of the dense portions of the Milky Way Galaxy from inside the galaxy. [from late 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/Minecraft__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Minecraft
trans_list: Minecraft
sense:
(video games) A sandbox video game (released 2011) in which players explore a three-dimensional world made of blocks and can craft items and build structures.


lexentry: eng/Minerva__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Minerva
trans_list: Minerva
sense:
(Roman god) The goddess of wisdom, especially strategic warfare, and the arts, especially crafts and in particular weaving. She is the Roman counterpart of Athena.


lexentry: eng/Minoan__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Minoan
trans_list: minoico
sense:
Of or relating to the civilization that developed in Crete from the neolithic period to the Bronze Age (about 3000-1050 B.C.E.).


lexentry: eng/Minos__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Minos
trans_list: Minosse
sense:
(Greek mythology) The mythological first king of Crete, a son of Zeus by Europa, who imprisoned the Minotaur in a labyrinth and after death was made a judge of the dead in Hades; a putative corresponding historical person.


lexentry: eng/Mirandese__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mirandese
trans_list: lingua mirandese
sense:
An endangered Romance language spoken in the northeastern corner of Portugal, principally in the municipalities of Miranda do Douro and Vimioso.


lexentry: eng/Miss__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Miss
trans_list: signorina
sense:
Form of address, now used chiefly for an unmarried woman; used chiefly of girls before the mid-1700s, and thereafter used also of adult women without regard to marital status.


lexentry: eng/Mithraism__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mithraism
trans_list: mitraismo
sense:
An astrology-based, middle-platonic mystery religion of the 1st-4th century Roman Empire that claimed to have been founded by Zoroaster, admitted only men, and was especially popular among the Roman military.


lexentry: eng/Mithridatic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mithridatic
trans_list: mitridatico
sense:
(historical) Of or pertaining to the dynasty begun by Mithridates I of Pontus or any of its kings named Mithridates, especially Mithridates VI of Pontus, also known as Mithridates the Great.


lexentry: eng/Mixolydian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mixolydian
trans_list: misolidio
sense:
(music) Designating the Mixolydian mode, the highest of the ancient Greek modes, and now having final G and D dominant.


lexentry: eng/Mnemosyne__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mnemosyne
trans_list: Mnemosine
sense:
(Greek god) A Titaness and the personification of thought, intellect and memory. She is the daughter of Gaia and Uranus, and the mother of the Muses by Zeus.


lexentry: eng/Moabite__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Moabite
trans_list: moabitico
sense:
An extinct Canaanite Semitic language, spoken in Moab (modern-day northwestern Jordan). Extinct since 5th century BCE.


lexentry: eng/Modern_Monetary_Theory__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Modern Monetary Theory
trans_list: Teoria della Moneta Moderna
sense:
A heterodox economic school of thought that posits that fiscal policy, set to constrain inflation and enable full employment, should be the primary economic stabiliser and prioritises reflection on the nature of money from a chartalist perspective.


lexentry: eng/Modiglianiesque__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Modiglianiesque
trans_list: modiglianesco
sense:
(art) Relating to or characteristic of Amedeo Modigliani (1884–1920), Italian Jewish painter and sculptor.


lexentry: eng/Moebius_syndrome__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Moebius syndrome
trans_list: sindrome di Moebius | sindrome di Möbius
sense:
(neurology) A rare congenital disorder characterized by facial paralysis and an inability to move one's eyes from side to side.


lexentry: eng/Mohawk__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Mohawk
trans_list: mohawk | moicana
sense:
A hairstyle where both sides are shaved, with the hair along the crest of the head kept long, and usually styled so as to stand straight up.


lexentry: eng/Mohism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mohism
trans_list: moismo
sense:
(Chinese philosophy) The doctrines of Mozi and his followers, especially the concept of universal love.


lexentry: eng/Moksha__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Moksha
trans_list: moksha | moxel
sense:
A language of the Finnic branch of the Uralic language family, spoken by about 428,000 people in the western and southern parts of Mordovia, a dependent republic within Russia, and the adjacent regions of Tambov, Penza, Samara, Ulyanovsk, Saratov, Tatarstan, Buguruslan and Bashkortostan.


lexentry: eng/Moldovan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Moldovan
trans_list: moldavo
sense:
The dialect of Romanian spoken in the Republic of Moldova, which may be written in either the Cyrillic or the Roman alphabet.


lexentry: eng/Molotov_cocktail__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Molotov cocktail
trans_list: bomba Molotov
sense:
A crude incendiary bomb made from a glass bottle, either filled with a flammable liquid such as petroleum and supplied with a rag for a fuse that is lit just before being hurled, or filled with such a mix of flammable liquids that it ignites itself when it is smashed and its contents are exposed to air.


lexentry: eng/Monday__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Monday
trans_list: lunedì
sense:
The second day of the week in many religious traditions, and the first day of the week in systems using the ISO 8601 norm. It follows Sunday and precedes Tuesday.


lexentry: eng/Mongolia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Mongolia
trans_list: Mongolia
sense:
Region in East Asia, including Inner Mongolia and Outer Mongolia, sometimes also including Buryatia, Tuva, Altay.


lexentry: eng/Mongolian__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Mongolian
trans_list: mongolico | mongolica
sense:
(uncountable) A group of languages from Mongolia, specifically Khalkha, the official language of Mongolia.


lexentry: eng/Mongolian_spot__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mongolian spot
trans_list: macchia mongolica
sense:
A benign, flat, congenital, usually blue to blue-black birthmark on the lower back with wavy borders and irregular shape, prevalent among East Asians, South-East Asians, Polynesians, Native Americans, East Africans, and the Turkish people. It normally disappears three to five years after birth and almost always by puberty.


lexentry: eng/Monoceros__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Monoceros
trans_list: Unicorno
sense:
(constellation) A winter constellation of the northern sky, said to resemble a unicorn. It lies amid the Milky Way, just east of the constellation Orion.


lexentry: eng/Monophysite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Monophysite
trans_list: monofisista
sense:
(Christianity) A member of a Christian sect which held that Jesus Christ has one nature, as opposed to the Chalcedonian view that Christ has two natures, both fully man and fully God, and is co-eternal and co-substantial with the Father.


lexentry: eng/Monopoly__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Monopoly
trans_list: Monopoli
sense:
(games, board games) A board game in which players use play money to buy and trade properties, with the objective of forcing opponents into bankruptcy.


lexentry: eng/Monopoly_money__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Monopoly money
trans_list: denaro del Monopoli
sense:
(slang, often, derogatory) Banknotes of foreign currency; especially those which are vibrant or flimsy.


lexentry: eng/Monothelete__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Monothelete
trans_list: monotelita
sense:
(Christianity, historical) Someone who believed Christ had two natures (human and divine), but one single will; a Monothelite.


lexentry: eng/Montanism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Montanism
trans_list: montanismo
sense:
(Christianity) The doctrines of a heretical sect of the second to fifth centuries in Asia Minor, who held millenarian beliefs.


lexentry: eng/Montenegrin__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Montenegrin
trans_list: montenegrino
sense:
(uncountable) The standardized variety of Serbo-Croatian, a South Slavic language, spoken in Montenegro.


lexentry: eng/Montenegro__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Montenegro
trans_list: Montenegro
sense:
TemplateParserError:LuaError. Part of Yugoslavia until 1992, then part of Serbia and Montenegro until 2006.


lexentry: eng/Montgolfier_balloon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Montgolfier balloon
trans_list: mongolfiera
sense:
The most common type of hot-air balloon, a balloon lifted by only heated air with onboard burners, and a usually-manned platform at the base.


lexentry: eng/Moon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Moon
trans_list: Luna
sense:
The Earth's moon; the sole natural satellite of the Earth, represented in astronomy and astrology by ☾.


lexentry: eng/Moor__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Moor
trans_list: moro | mori
sense:
(historical) A member of an Islamic people of Arab or Berber origin ruling Spain and parts of North Africa from the 8th to the 15th centuries.


lexentry: eng/Mordecai__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mordecai
trans_list: Mardocheo
sense:
(Biblical character) One of the main personalities in the Book of Esther. He adopted and raised his cousin Esther and foiled a plot to assassinate the king.


lexentry: eng/Morea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Morea
trans_list: Morea
sense:
(archaic) Synonym of Peloponnese, TemplateParserError:LuaError, particularly (historical) under Turkish rule.


lexentry: eng/Morgan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Morgan
trans_list: Morgana | Morgan
sense:
A en or female given name, possibly from (Welsh môr) or (Old Welsh maur) + (Welsh cant), meaning “great chief” or “sea chief”.


lexentry: eng/Morley's_trisector_theorem__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Morley's trisector theorem
trans_list: teorema di Morley
sense:
(geometry) A theorem stating that in any triangle, the three points of intersection of the adjacent angle trisectors form an equilateral triangle.


lexentry: eng/Morley_triangle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Morley triangle
trans_list: primo triangolo di Morley | triangolo di Morley
sense:
(geometry) Any of a number of triangles described in Morley's trisector theorem, especially the equilateral triangle formed from the points of intersection of adjacent angle trisectors of a given triangle.


lexentry: eng/Mormonism__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mormonism
trans_list: mormonismo
sense:
Religious, ideological, and cultural aspects of the various denominations of the Latter-day Saint movement.


lexentry: eng/Morpheus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Morpheus
trans_list: Morfeo
sense:
(Greek mythology) The god and personification of dreams; according to the Roman poet Ovid, one of the sons of Somnus, the god of sleep.


lexentry: eng/Morris_column__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Morris column
trans_list: colonna delele affissioni
sense:
A cylindrical outdoor sidewalk structure (like a column) used for advertising; an advertising column


lexentry: eng/Morrison_Formation__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Morrison Formation
trans_list: Formazione Morrison
sense:
(geology) A sequence of Upper Jurassic sedimentary rock in the western United States, noted as the most fertile source of dinosaur fossils in North America.


lexentry: eng/Morse_code__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Morse code
trans_list: codice Morse | alfabeto Morse
sense:
(telecommunications) A character code represented by dots and dashes (or short and long pulses), originally used to send messages by telegraph, later by flashes of light or by radio.


lexentry: eng/Moses__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Moses
trans_list: Mosè
sense:
The pharaonic patriarch who led the enslaved Hebrews out of Egypt, the brother of Aaron and Miriam described in the Book of Exodus and the Quran.


lexentry: eng/Most_Serene_Republic_of_Venice__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Most Serene Republic of Venice
trans_list: Serenissima Repubblica di Venezia
sense:
(history) A sovereign state and maritime republic in what is now northeastern Italy, which lasted from 697 AD until 1797 AD.


lexentry: eng/Mother's_Day__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mother's Day
trans_list: festa della mamma
sense:
(US, Canada) A day in honor of one's mother on the second Sunday in May in the United States and Canada.


lexentry: eng/Mother_of_God__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mother of God
trans_list: Madre di Dio
sense:
(Christianity) A dogmatic title of Mary, mother of Jesus, in particular reference to her role as mother of God.


lexentry: eng/Mount_of_Olives__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mount of Olives
trans_list: Monte degli Ulivi
sense:
A mountain ridge east of and adjacent to the Old City of Jerusalem, a holy place for both Judaism and Christianity.


lexentry: eng/Mozarabic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mozarabic
trans_list: mozarabico
sense:
A continuum of closely related Romance dialects spoken in Muslim-dominated areas of the Iberian Peninsula during the early stages of Romance language development in Iberia.


lexentry: eng/Mozart_effect__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mozart effect
trans_list: effetto Mozart
sense:
The supposed phenomenon by which listening to Mozart's music may induce a short-term improvement in spatiotemporal reasoning or in mental performance generally.


lexentry: eng/Mozartian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mozartian
trans_list: mozartiano
sense:
Of or pertaining to Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756–1791), prolific and influential composer of classical music.


lexentry: eng/Mr.__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mr.
trans_list: Sig.
sense:
(US, Canada) A title used before the surname in theory, though not generally in practice, above some undefined social level, too old to be addressed as “Master”, not a knight or of some higher rank, and, in Britain though not in the United States, not entitled to be addressed as “Dr.”.


lexentry: eng/Mrs__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mrs
trans_list: Sig.ra
sense:
(used before an adult woman's name or surname, used for any high-status woman without regard to marital status until the 1800s, after which it began to be reserved for married, divorced and widowed women and used with their married surnames)


lexentry: eng/Ms__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ms
trans_list: Signora
sense:
Title used before an adult woman's name or surname, especially when it is not desired or possible to indicate her marital status with Miss or Mrs.


lexentry: eng/Muay_Thai__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Muay Thai
trans_list: boxe thailandese | thai boxe
sense:
(martial arts) A sport practiced in Thailand which is similar to boxing but also allows strikes with the shins, feet, elbows, and knees.


lexentry: eng/Muhammad__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Muhammad
trans_list: Maometto
sense:
(uncountable) The figure who introduced Islam, the man to whom the Qur'an was revealed; considered a prophet by Muslims and Baháʼís.


lexentry: eng/Murphy_bed__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Murphy bed
trans_list: letto a scomparsa
sense:
(North America) A light type of bed designed to be folded up or swung into a wall or closet for storage when not in use. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/Musca__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Musca
trans_list: Mosca
sense:
(constellation) An autumn constellation of the southern sky, said to resemble a fly, between the constellations of Carina and Apus.


lexentry: eng/Muscovy__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Muscovy
trans_list: Moscovia
sense:
The Russian territory around and ruled from Moscow by grand princes until it became the nucleus of a united Russia, which its dynasty ruled first as czars (kings) from Moscow, later as emperors from Saint Petersburg


lexentry: eng/Muzak__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Muzak
trans_list: muzak
sense:
(music, trademark) Recorded background music characterized by soft, soothing instrumental sounds which is transmitted by wire, radio, or recorded media (originally on a subscription basis) to doctors' offices, shops, and other business premises. [from 1934]


lexentry: eng/Mycenae__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mycenae
trans_list: Micene
sense:
An ancient Greek city in the NE Peloponnesus on the plain of Argos, inhabited since about 4000 B.C.E.


lexentry: eng/Möbius_strip__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Möbius strip
trans_list: nastro di Möbius
sense:
(topology) A one-sided surface formed by identifying two opposite edges of a square in opposite senses;a narrow strip given a half twist and joined at the ends, forming a three-dimensional embedding of said surface.


lexentry: eng/Möbius_transformation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Möbius transformation
trans_list: trasformazione di Möbius
sense:
(geometry, complex analysis) A transformation of the extended complex plane that is a rational function of the form f(z) = (az + b) / (cz + d), where a, b, c, d are complex numbers such that ad − bc ≠ 0; an automorphism of the complex projective line.


lexentry: eng/NP-complete__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: NP-complete
trans_list: NP-completo
sense:
(computing theory, of a, decision problem) That is both NP (solvable in polynomial time by a non-deterministic Turing machine) and NP-hard (such that any (other) NP problem can be reduced to it in polynomial time).


lexentry: eng/Nanjing__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Nanjing
trans_list: Nanchino
sense:
(historical) Various other Chinese cities during periods when they acted as a southern capital of a kingdom or imperial dynasty.


lexentry: eng/Naples__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Naples
trans_list: Napoli
sense:
(historical) Synonym of Kingdom of Naples, a former kingdom that controlled southern Italy in the early modern period


lexentry: eng/Naples__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Naples
trans_list: Napoli
sense:
(historical) Synonym of Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, a former kingdom that controlled southern Italy and Sicily in the 19th century


lexentry: eng/Narcissus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Narcissus
trans_list: Narciso
sense:
(Greek mythology) A youth who spurned the love of Echo and fell in love with his own reflection in a pool: in some versions of the myth, he drowned trying to reach it, while in others he sat fixated until a god took pity and transformed him into a flower.


lexentry: eng/Narnia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Narnia
trans_list: Narnia
sense:
(fantasy) A land in which a series of seven children's books, The Chronicles of Narnia by C. S. Lewis are set.


lexentry: eng/Nash_equilibrium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nash equilibrium
trans_list: equilibrio di Nash
sense:
(game theory) The set of choices of players' strategies for which no player can benefit by changing his or her strategy assuming that the other players keep theirs unchanged.


lexentry: eng/Nasserism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nasserism
trans_list: nasserismo
sense:
An Arab nationalist political ideology based on the thinking of the former Egyptian President Gamal Abdel Nasser.


lexentry: eng/Natal__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Natal
trans_list: Natale
sense:
A former British colony and province of South Africa, itself beforehand the Natalia Republic. It is now called KwaZulu-Natal province.


lexentry: eng/National_Bolshevism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: National Bolshevism
trans_list: nazionalbolscevismo | bolscevismo nazionale
sense:
A neo-fascist ultranationalist ideology primarily originated from Russia that combines strong elements of classical fascism with economical communism.


lexentry: eng/National_Socialism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: National Socialism
trans_list: nazionalsocialismo
sense:
The ideology of the NSDAP (National Socialist German Workers' Party) in Germany, including an authoritarian government, ethnic nationalism (including but not limited to Pan-Germanism) and adequate territory (Lebensraum), and economic cooperation between the state and capital.


lexentry: eng/National_Socialist_German_Workers'_Party__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: National Socialist German Workers' Party
trans_list: Partito Nazionalsocialista Tedesco dei Lavoratori
sense:
(historical, Nazism, German politics) Far-Right political party from Germany, commonly known as the Nazi Party


lexentry: eng/Navajo__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Navajo
trans_list: navajo
sense:
An Apachean (Southern Athabaskan) language of the Athabascan language family belonging to the Na-Dené phylum. It is spoken by 149,000 people in the American Southwest (Arizona, New Mexico, Utah, and Colorado).


lexentry: eng/Navarre__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: Navarre
trans_list: Navarra
sense:
A part of the Northern Basque Country (France), often referred to as Basse Navarre (Lower Navarre) in French, to distinguish it from the Navarre belonging to Spain.


lexentry: eng/Naypyidaw__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Naypyidaw
trans_list: Naypyidaw
sense:
TemplateParserError:LuaError, located in Pyinmana Township, Mandalay Division (approximately 320 kilometres north of Yangon).


lexentry: eng/Nazarite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nazarite
trans_list: nazareno
sense:
A Jew bound by a vow to leave the hair uncut, to abstain from alcohol, and to practice extraordinary purity of life and devotion.


lexentry: eng/Nazi__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nazi
trans_list: nazista
sense:
(historical) Of or pertaining to the Nazi Party specifically, or to Nazism, neo-Nazism, or neo-Nazis more generally.


lexentry: eng/Nazi__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nazi
trans_list: nazista
sense:
(historical) A member of the Nazi Party (the National Socialist German Workers' Party or NSDAP). [1930]


lexentry: eng/Nazism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nazism
trans_list: nazismo
sense:
The ideology of the Nazi Party (the National Socialist German Workers' Party or NSDAP), being a form of fascism characterised by Adolf Hitler's cult of personality, hate propaganda, white supremacy, extreme bigotry (especially antisemitism and racism), eugenics, mass violence, genocide, ethnonationalist territorial expansion (Lebensraum) and state capitalism.


lexentry: eng/Near_East__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Near East
trans_list: Vicino Oriente
sense:
The region located south of Eastern Europe, comprising Anatolia, Transcaucasia, the Levant, and Mesopotamia.


lexentry: eng/Nebra_sky_disc__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nebra sky disc
trans_list: Disco di Nebra
sense:
(archaeology) A bronze disc featuring gold symbols inlaid on a blue-green patina, generally interpreted as depicting the Sun or full moon, a lunar crescent and stars (including a group that may be the Pleiades), dated to circa 1800–1600 BCE and attributed to the Unetice culture of the early European Bronze Age.


lexentry: eng/Nebuchadnezzar__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nebuchadnezzar
trans_list: Nabucodonosor
sense:
A ruler of Babylon in the Chaldean Dynasty who reigned c. 605 B.C.E. – 562 B.C.E.. According to the Bible, he conquered Judah and Jerusalem, and sent the Israelites into exile.


lexentry: eng/Neckar__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Neckar
trans_list: Neckar
sense:
TemplateParserError:LuaError, a major tributary of the Rhine, mostly flowing through Baden-Württemberg


lexentry: eng/Nemean_Lion__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nemean Lion
trans_list: leone Nemeo | leone di Nemea
sense:
(Greek mythology) A mythical lion of ancient Nemea that was invulnerable to attack by weapons and was slain by Hercules as one of his labours.


lexentry: eng/Neogrammarian__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Neogrammarian
trans_list: Neogrammatico
sense:
(linguistics, historical) A member or follower of a 19th-century school of German linguists who first advanced the theory of regular sound change.


lexentry: eng/Neoplatonism__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Neoplatonism
trans_list: neoplatonismo
sense:
A school of philosophy based on the teachings of Plato and, subsequently, Plotinus; it was the foundation for paganism.


lexentry: eng/Neptune__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Neptune
trans_list: Nettuno
sense:
(Roman mythology) The god of the ocean and of earthquakes, equivalent to Poseidon in Greek mythology.


lexentry: eng/Neptunian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Neptunian
trans_list: nettunio
sense:
(Roman mythology) Of or pertaining to Neptune, the Roman god of fresh water and the sea, the counterpart of the Greek god Poseidon.


lexentry: eng/Nestorian__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nestorian
trans_list: nestoriano | nestoriana
sense:
(sometimes, pejorative) A perceived follower of Nestorius in the fourth and fifth centuries. A member of a Nestorian church.


lexentry: eng/Nestorianism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nestorianism
trans_list: nestorianesimo
sense:
(Christianity) The Christological doctrine ascribed to Nestorius, condemned as heretical by the Council of Ephesus but later also ascribed to the Church of the East, holding that within Christ there are two distinct hypostases, divine and human.


lexentry: eng/Netherlands_Antilles__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Netherlands Antilles
trans_list: Antille olandesi | Antille Olandesi
sense:
(historical) TemplateParserError:LuaError, within the Kingdom of the Netherlands, composed of the islands of Aruba, Curaçao, Bonaire, Sint Eustatius, Saba and Sint Maarten, dissolved in 2010.


lexentry: eng/Neustria__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Neustria
trans_list: Neustria
sense:
(historical) The western part of the Frankish empire, corresponding roughly to modern-day northern France.


lexentry: eng/New_Caledonia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: New Caledonia
trans_list: Nuova Caledonia
sense:
(historical) A district of the west coast of British North America traded by the Hudson's Bay Company. It became the colony of British Columbia in 1858.


lexentry: eng/New_England__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: New England
trans_list: Nuova Inghilterra
sense:
TemplateParserError:LuaError, namely Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island and Vermont.


lexentry: eng/New_France__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: New France
trans_list: Nuova Francia
sense:
(historical) France's former possessions and colonies in North America, including Canada (now Quebec and Ontario and Ohio plains), Acadia (now New Brunswick and Nova Scotia), and Louisiana (now the Mississippi plains), before 1763.


lexentry: eng/New_Guinea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: New Guinea
trans_list: Nuova Guinea
sense:
A large Oceanian island in the Pacific Ocean, north of Australia, whose territory is divided between Indonesia in the west and Papua New Guinea in the east.


lexentry: eng/New_Ireland__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: New Ireland
trans_list: Nuova Irlanda
sense:
An island of the Bismarck Archipelago, a German colony from 1884 to 1921; governed by Australia from 1921 and then by Papua New Guinea from 1975 to the present day.


lexentry: eng/New_Objectivity__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: New Objectivity
trans_list: nuova oggettività
sense:
An anti-expressionist artistic movement of the first half of the twentieth century that espoused direct, unadorned, matter-of-fact aesthetics.


lexentry: eng/New_Orleans__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: New Orleans
trans_list: New Orleans | Nuova Orleans
sense:
TemplateParserError:LuaError, which is coterminous with the city. It is an industrial and distribution center and major seaport located along the Mississippi near the Gulf of Mexico, known for its rich cultural heritage, especially its music and cuisine.


lexentry: eng/New_Spain__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: New Spain
trans_list: Nuova Spagna
sense:
(historical) The colony comprising Spain's territorial possessions in the New World north of the Isthmus of Panama, established following the Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire in 1521.


lexentry: eng/New_Testament__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: New Testament
trans_list: Nuovo Testamento
sense:
The second half of the Christian Bible, which includes the four Gospels, the Book of Acts, the Epistles, and the Book of Revelation.


lexentry: eng/New_World_monkey__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: New World monkey
trans_list: scimmia del Nuovo Mondo
sense:
Any monkey from any of the five families of primates that are found in Central America and South America: the Callitrichidae, the Cebidae, Aotidae, Pitheciidae, and Atelidae.


lexentry: eng/New_Year's_Day__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: New Year's Day
trans_list: capodanno
sense:
A holiday celebrating the first day of the New Year, celebrated on January 1 in cultures following the Gregorian calendar.


lexentry: eng/New_Year's_Eve__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: New Year's Eve
trans_list: capodanno | vigilia di Capodanno
sense:
The holiday occurring on the last day of the year, celebrated on December 31st in cultures following the Gregorian calendar


lexentry: eng/New_Year__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: New Year
trans_list: capodanno | anno nuovo
sense:
In particular, January 1 in the Julian and Gregorian calendar (New Year’s Day) and the days following.


lexentry: eng/New_York__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: New York
trans_list: Nuova York | New York | Stato di New York
sense:
TemplateParserError:LuaError and the largest city in the United States, a metropolis extending into neighboring New Jersey.


lexentry: eng/Newfoundland__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Newfoundland
trans_list: terranova | cane di Terranova
sense:
A very large breed of working dog from Newfoundland, with a shaggy, usually black coat, known for its water rescue ability, strength, and gentle disposition.


lexentry: eng/Newfoundland__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Newfoundland
trans_list: Terranova
sense:
TemplateParserError:LuaError, which, along with Labrador, has composed the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador since 1949, and the Dominion of Newfoundland, before it.


lexentry: eng/Newspeak__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Newspeak
trans_list: neolingua
sense:
(computer languages) A highly dynamic and reflective programming language descended from Smalltalk, supporting both object-oriented and functional programming.


lexentry: eng/Nicene_Creed__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nicene Creed
trans_list: credo niceno
sense:
The first official creed of the early Christian church, stating the basic tenets of the Christian faith, including the nature of the Holy Trinity.


lexentry: eng/Nicene__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Nicene
trans_list: niceno
sense:
Of or pertaining to the First Council of Nicaea convened by the Roman Emperor Constantine I, or to the churches that profess the Nicene Creed, the formulation of which began at this council.


lexentry: eng/Nietzschean__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nietzschean
trans_list: nietzschiano | nicciano | nietzscheano
sense:
Of, pertaining to or characteristic of Friedrich Nietzsche (1844–1900), German philosopher, or his writings.


lexentry: eng/Nihilism__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nihilism
trans_list: nichilismo
sense:
(Russia, politics, historical) A movement of the 1860s that rejected all authority and promoted the use of violence for political change.


lexentry: eng/Nile__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nile
trans_list: Nilo
sense:
A large river in Africa flowing through Khartoum and Cairo into the Mediterranean Sea, usually considered to be the longest river in the world.


lexentry: eng/Nimzowitsch_Defence__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nimzowitsch Defence
trans_list: difesa Nimzowitsch
sense:
A chess opening characterized by the moves 1.e4 Nc6, in which the white king's pawn advances two squares and the black queen's knight advances to the bishop file.


lexentry: eng/Nintendrone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nintendrone
trans_list: concepire
sense:
(slang, derogatory, video games) A slavish supporter of Nintendo's video games or consoles; a Nintendo fanboy


lexentry: eng/Nivôse__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nivôse
trans_list: nevoso
sense:
(historical) The fourth month of the French Republican Calendar, from December 21, 22 or 23 to January 19, 20 or 21.


lexentry: eng/Niçoise_salad__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Niçoise salad
trans_list: insalata nizzarda
sense:
A salad, originating from the French town of Nice, with various ingredients including tuna, anchovies, hard-boiled eggs, tomatoes, black olives, and lettuce.


lexentry: eng/Nobel_Prize__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nobel Prize
trans_list: premio Nobel
sense:
Any of the international prizes awarded annually by the Nobel Foundation for outstanding achievements in the fields of physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, literature and for the promotion of world peace; or the prize in economics awarded by the Swedish National Bank, in memorial of Alfred Nobel.


lexentry: eng/Nordic_combined__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nordic combined
trans_list: combinata nordica
sense:
(skiing) An event in which individual skiers take part in runs on a cross-country skiing course and a ski jumping hill.


lexentry: eng/Norma__Proper_noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Norma
trans_list: Regolo
sense:
(constellation) An inconspicuous constellation of the southern sky, said to resemble a carpenter's square. It lies south of the constellations Scorpius and Centaurus.


lexentry: eng/North_Africa__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: North Africa
trans_list: Nordafrica | Africa del Nord
sense:
The northern part of the continent of Africa, usually referring to specifically the regions north of the Sahara Desert where Arabic is widely spoken as a mother tongue.


lexentry: eng/North_America__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: North America
trans_list: America del Nord
sense:
The continent that is the northern part of the Americas; that part east of the Pacific Ocean, west of the Atlantic Ocean, north of South America and south of the Arctic Ocean.


lexentry: eng/North_Atlantic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: North Atlantic
trans_list: Atlantico del Nord
sense:
The portion of the Atlantic Ocean that lies primarily between North America and the northeast coast of South America to the east, and Europe and the northwest coast of Africa to the west.


lexentry: eng/North_Carolina__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: North Carolina
trans_list: Carolina del Nord
sense:
TemplateParserError:LuaError situated on the east coast of the North American mainland north of South Carolina and south of Virginia. Capital: Raleigh.


lexentry: eng/North_Channel__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: North Channel
trans_list: canale del Nord
sense:
The strait between Northern Ireland and southwestern Scotland, connecting the Irish Sea with the Atlantic Ocean.


lexentry: eng/North_East__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: North East
trans_list: Nord Est
sense:
(UK) TemplateParserError:LuaError, consisting of the counties of Northumberland, Tyne and Wear, County Durham and the part of North Yorkshire that was part of the former county of Cleveland or the former county borough of Teesside.


lexentry: eng/North_Karelia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: North Karelia
trans_list: Carelia Settentrionale
sense:
TemplateParserError:LuaError. (Since 2022, the English term officially prescribed as the name for the Finnish administrative unit long known as a “region” was changed to be called a “county”, although reference to counties as regions is still common. See Counties of Finland.)


lexentry: eng/North_Macedonia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: North Macedonia
trans_list: Macedonia del Nord
sense:
TemplateParserError:LuaError. Part of Yugoslavia until 1992. The current name was adopted in 2019 to resolve a naming dispute with Greece.


lexentry: eng/North_Pole__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: North Pole
trans_list: polo nord
sense:
(geography) The Geographic North Pole or Terrestrial North Pole; the point which north is oriented towards, and therefore the northernmost point on Earth (having a latitude of 90°).


lexentry: eng/North_Sea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: North Sea
trans_list: mare del Nord | Mare del Nord
sense:
A marginal sea of the Atlantic Ocean between Britain (in the west), Scandinavia (in the east) and Germany, Netherlands, Belgium and France (in the south).


lexentry: eng/North_Star__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: North Star
trans_list: stella polare
sense:
(astronomy) The current northern pole star, the star nearest the northern celestial pole, which has been Polaris for the last 1500 years.


lexentry: eng/Northern_Europe__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Northern Europe
trans_list: Europa settentrionale
sense:
A sociopolitical region of Europe including such countries as Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania.


lexentry: eng/Northern_Sami__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Northern Sami
trans_list: sami settentrionale
sense:
The most widely spoken Sami language; it is spoken in northern Norway, Sweden, and Finland. It includes three dialects: Torne, Finnmark and Sea Sami.


lexentry: eng/Norway_spruce__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Norway spruce
trans_list: abete rosso
sense:
A species of spruce native to Europe and naturalized in temperate northeastern North America, Picea abies.


lexentry: eng/Norwegian__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Norwegian
trans_list: norvegese
sense:
(uncountable) The language of Norway, which has two official forms (written standards): Bokmål and Nynorsk.


lexentry: eng/Norwegian_forest_cat__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Norwegian forest cat
trans_list: gatto delle foreste norvegesi
sense:
A domestic cat breed noted for its above average size, long, water-repellent fur and woolly undercoat.


lexentry: eng/Nostratic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nostratic
trans_list: nostratico
sense:
A conjectural and not widely accepted grouping of languages including the Indo-European, Uralic, Altaic, Chukchi-Kamchatkan, Eskimo-Aleut, Dravidian, Elamite, Sumerian, Kartvelian, and Afroasiatic languages, and less commonly including the Aegean and Ainu languages as well.


lexentry: eng/Nova_Scotia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Nova Scotia
trans_list: Nuova Scozia
sense:
TemplateParserError:LuaError, comprising most of the province of Nova Scotia; Nova Scotia peninsula.


lexentry: eng/November__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: November
trans_list: novembre
sense:
The eleventh month of the Gregorian calendar, following October and preceding December. Abbreviation: Nov or Nov.


lexentry: eng/Novorossiya__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Novorossiya
trans_list: Nuova Russia
sense:
(historical) An area north of the Black Sea which was conquered by the Russian Empire at the end of the 18th century, located in present-day Ukraine.


lexentry: eng/Nubia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nubia
trans_list: Nubia
sense:
The region of the valley of the upper Nile, now part of Sudan (Upper Nubia) and far-southern Egypt (Lower Nubia);(by extension, historical) the polity ruling said region.


lexentry: eng/Numbers__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Numbers
trans_list: Numeri
sense:
The Book of Numbers, the fourth of the Books of Moses in the Old Testament of the Bible, the fourth book in the Torah.


lexentry: eng/Nuragic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nuragic
trans_list: nuragico
sense:
Of or relating to a civilization of Sardinia, which lasted from the Mediterranean Bronze Age until the 2nd century CE and built monuments of a type called nuraghe.


lexentry: eng/Nutella__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nutella
trans_list: Nutella
sense:
A sweet spread made from hazelnuts, sugar, vegetable oils, cocoa solids and skimmed milk, generically called chocolate spread.


lexentry: eng/Nîmes__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nîmes
trans_list: Nîmes
sense:
TemplateParserError:LuaError, the capital of the department of Gard, formerly in the region of Languedoc-Roussillon.


lexentry: eng/Occidental__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Occidental
trans_list: occidentale
sense:
An artificial language, created by Edgar de Wahl later renamed Interlingue shortly before the publication of Interlingua


lexentry: eng/Occitan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Occitan
trans_list: occitano | lingua d'oc
sense:
A Romance language spoken in Occitania, a region of Europe that includes Southern France, Auvergne, Limousin, and some parts of Catalonia and Italy.


lexentry: eng/Occitania__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Occitania
trans_list: Occitania
sense:
A region of Europe corresponding to Southern France, Auvergne, Limousin, and some parts of Catalonia and Italy, where the Occitan language was widely spoken and is still spoken.


lexentry: eng/Oceania__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Oceania
trans_list: Oceania
sense:
A geographical region or continent composed of many islands (Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia) plus Australasia. It is located between Asia, Antarctica and the Americas.


lexentry: eng/Oceanus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Oceanus
trans_list: Oceano
sense:
(Greek god) Personification of vast waters or the world ocean. He was the first-born of the Titans, son of Uranus and Gaia, the god that encircled the earth. With his sister-wife, Tethys, he fathered all rivers and the Oceanids.


lexentry: eng/Octans__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Octans
trans_list: Ottante
sense:
(constellation) A small circumpolar constellation of the southern sky, said to resemble an octant. It lies closest to the southern celestial pole of any constellation.


lexentry: eng/October__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: October
trans_list: ottobre
sense:
The tenth month of the Gregorian calendar, following September and preceding November. Abbreviation: Oct.


lexentry: eng/Odin__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Odin
trans_list: Odino
sense:
(Norse mythology, and, paganism) A major Germanic god, often described as chief of the pantheon, in his Norse form a member of the Æsir, married to Frigg and associated with knowledge, poetry and war. Wednesday refers to him by way of interpretatio germanica.


lexentry: eng/Odysseus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Odysseus
trans_list: Ulisse
sense:
(Greek mythology) The son of Laertes and Anticlea and father of Telemachus. A Greek leader during the Trojan War, he was responsible for the Trojan horse. He was also king of Ithaca, hero of the Iliad and protagonist of the Odyssey.


lexentry: eng/Oedipus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Oedipus
trans_list: Edipo
sense:
(Greek mythology) A son of Laius and Jocasta, who unwittingly killed his father and married his mother.


lexentry: eng/Oedipus_complex__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Oedipus complex
trans_list: complesso di Edipo
sense:
(psychoanalysis) In Freudian theory, the complex of emotions aroused in a child by an unconscious sexual desire for the parent of the opposite sex.


lexentry: eng/Okazaki_fragment__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Okazaki fragment
trans_list: frammento di Okazaki
sense:
(genetics, often, _, in the plural) One of many short, newly synthesized DNA fragments formed on the lagging template strand (i.e. lagging strand) during DNA replication.


lexentry: eng/Old_Armenian__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Old Armenian
trans_list: armeno classico | grabar
sense:
The oldest attested form of the Armenian language, first written down at the beginning of the 5th century AD and spoken until 12th century; then replaced by Middle Armenian. Served as a literary language until the 18-19th centuries. Partly intelligible to speakers of modern Armenian.


lexentry: eng/Old_Catholic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Old Catholic
trans_list: veterocattolico | vetero-cattolico
sense:
Pertaining to a group of churches that split from the Roman Catholic Church over the dogma of papal infallibility, which they did not agree with.


lexentry: eng/Old_Dutch__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Old Dutch
trans_list: antico olandese
sense:
A branch of Old Low Franconian, with a Frisian substrate, spoken and written during the Middle Ages (c. 9th to 12th century) in the Netherlands and the northern part of present-day Belgium, as well as in areas of northern France along the North Sea coast and adjoining Belgium. This language represents the first attested stage of the Dutch language and its dialects, being succeeded by Middle Dutch in the later Middle Ages.


lexentry: eng/Old_English__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Old English
trans_list: anglosassone | inglese antico
sense:
(linguistics, history) The ancestor language of Modern English, also called Anglo-Saxon, spoken in most of Britain from about 400 to 1100.


lexentry: eng/Old_Frisian__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Old Frisian
trans_list: antico frisone
sense:
a West Germanic language spoken on parts of the North Sea coast of modern Netherlands and Germany until the 16th century


lexentry: eng/Old_Greek__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Old Greek
trans_list: greco
sense:
A form of the Greek language intermediate between Ancient Greek and Modern Greek; spoken roughly between the 1st and 16th centuries.


lexentry: eng/Old_High_German__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Old High German
trans_list: alto tedesco antico
sense:
The early recorded form of the High German language, spoken from the 8th century to the 12th century.


lexentry: eng/Old_Irish__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Old Irish
trans_list: irlandese antico
sense:
The Irish language as attested from the sixth to the tenth centuries C.E., the oldest form of the Goidelic languages for which extensive texts (written in the Latin alphabet) are extant.


lexentry: eng/Old_Korean__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Old Korean
trans_list: coreano antico
sense:
The language spoken in Korea and written in hanja, which evolved into Middle Korean by the 10th or 13th century, depending on the analysis.


lexentry: eng/Old_Latin__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Old Latin
trans_list: latino arcaico
sense:
The Latin language in the period before the age of Classical Latin; particularly Latin before 75 BC.


lexentry: eng/Old_Maid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Old Maid
trans_list: asino
sense:
(uncountable) A children's card game, sometimes played with a special deck, where the object of the game is for each player to find matches for all the cards in his hand, without being stuck with the single unmatchable card.


lexentry: eng/Old_Norse__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Old Norse
trans_list: antico nordico | norreno
sense:
The language of Scandinavia until the 14th century, the common ancestor of modern Swedish, Danish, Norwegian, Faroese, and Icelandic.


lexentry: eng/Old_Prussian__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Old Prussian
trans_list: antico prussiano
sense:
An extinct Baltic language, once spoken by the Old Prussians, the indigenous peoples of the historical region of Prussia (now north-eastern Poland, the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia and Lithuania).


lexentry: eng/Old_Spanish__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Old Spanish
trans_list: spagnolo antico
sense:
Western Ibero-Romance language that was spoken on the Iberian Peninsula from the 10th century until roughly the beginning of the 15th century, before a consonantic readjustment gave rise to the evolution of Modern Spanish, differentiating Spanish proper from Judæo-Spanish and Haketia.


lexentry: eng/Old_Testament__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Old Testament
trans_list: Antico Testamento
sense:
(religion, chiefly, Christianity) The first major part of the Christian Bible, covering events before the coming of Christ, corresponding roughly to the Jewish Tanakh. Usually subdivided into the categories of law, history, poetry (or wisdom books), and prophecy.


lexentry: eng/Old_World_flycatcher__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Old World flycatcher
trans_list: acchiappamosche
sense:
Any of various small birds of the passerine family Muscicapidae, of Africa and Eurasia; a muscicapid.


lexentry: eng/Olympiad__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Olympiad
trans_list: olimpiade
sense:
(by, _, extension, usually, _, preceded, _) A competition aspiring to the importance of the Olympic Games or considered similar to them, especially one occurring at 4-year intervals, representing a national or international range of amateur student rather than professional adult competition, and/or requiring the highest level of ability in the field for success.


lexentry: eng/Olympian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Olympian
trans_list: olimpiaco | olimpico | olimpio
sense:
(not comparable) Of or relating to Mount Olympus, the highest mountain in Greece; or (Greek mythology) the Greek gods and goddesses who were believed to live there.


lexentry: eng/Olympic_Games__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Olympic Games
trans_list: giochi olimpici
sense:
(historical, Ancient Greece) A sporting festival held every four or five years on the Plain of Olympia in southern Greece, in honour of Zeus. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/Olympic_Games__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Olympic Games
trans_list: giochi olimpici
sense:
An international multi-sport event (inspired by the ancient festival) taking place every fourth year. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/Onega__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Onega
trans_list: lago Onega
sense:
a freshwater lake in the north-west European part of Russia, located on the territory of Republic of Karelia, Leningrad Oblast and Vologda Oblast


lexentry: eng/Oort_Cloud__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Oort Cloud
trans_list: nube di Oort
sense:
(astronomy) The Solar System's Oort cloud, extending from 50,000 to 100,000 astronomical units (approximately 1 light year) from the sun; supposedly the source of most comets around the Solar System.


lexentry: eng/Ophiuchus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ophiuchus
trans_list: Ofiuco
sense:
(zodiac constellations) A zodiacal constellation of the northern summer said to depict a man (Asclepius) holding a serpent; the serpent is the constellation Serpens.


lexentry: eng/Oriental__Adjective__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: Oriental
trans_list: orientale
sense:
Pertaining to the regions east of the Mediterranean, beyond the Roman Empire or the early Christian world; of the Near East, the Middle East or the Far East, now especially relating to East Asia. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/Oriental_studies__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Oriental studies
trans_list: orientalistica
sense:
(humanities) an academic field of study that embraces Near Eastern and Far Eastern societies and cultures, languages, peoples, history and archaeology


lexentry: eng/Orion's_Belt__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Orion's Belt
trans_list: bastone di Giacobbe
sense:
(constellation) A bright asterism located near the celestial equator; it consists of three bright stars lined up and visibly close together. It is part of the constellation Orion and includes the stars Alnitak (ζ Ori), Alnilam (ε Ori), and Mintaka (δ Ori).


lexentry: eng/Orion__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Orion
trans_list: Orione | Orion
sense:
(constellation) A constellation on the celestial equator close to Gemini and Taurus, containing the stars Betelgeuse and Rigel.


lexentry: eng/Orontes__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Orontes
trans_list: Oronte
sense:
TemplateParserError:LuaError, about 400 km (250 mi) long, flowing from Lebanon through Syria before entering the Mediterranean Sea near Samandağ in Turkey.


lexentry: eng/Orpheus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Orpheus
trans_list: Orfeo
sense:
(Greek mythology) A Thracian musician and poet, who failed to retrieve his wife Eurydice from Hades.


lexentry: eng/Orphism__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Orphism
trans_list: orfismo
sense:
(religion, Ancient Greece) A religious movement in antiquity, supposed to have been founded by Orpheus.


lexentry: eng/Orthodox__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Orthodox
trans_list: ortodosso
sense:
(Christianity, loosely) Of or pertaining to a particular Orthodox Church, usually the Eastern Orthodox Church, sometimes the Oriental Orthodox Church or the Church of the East.


lexentry: eng/Orthodoxy__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Orthodoxy
trans_list: ortodossia
sense:
The aggregate of the definitive elements of the Eastern Orthodox Church, such as its faith, worship, theology, and traditions.


lexentry: eng/Ortler__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ortler
trans_list: Ortles
sense:
The highest mountain in the Eastern Alps outside the Bernina Range, located in South Tyrol in Italy.


lexentry: eng/Orwellian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Orwellian
trans_list: orwelliano
sense:
Resembling the totalitarian political methods decried in the works of writer George Orwell, particularly in the dystopian novel Nineteen Eighty-Four; characterized by use of misleading terminology, propaganda, censorship, surveillance and repression. [1950]


lexentry: eng/Ossetia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ossetia
trans_list: Ossezia
sense:
TemplateParserError:LuaError. The northern part of the region forms North Ossetia-Alania federal subject of Russia. The southern part is South Ossetia.


lexentry: eng/Ostrogoth__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ostrogoth
trans_list: ostrogoto
sense:
Any member of an ancient East Germanic tribe, one branch of the Goths (the Visigoths being the other), which invaded Italy in the sixth century


lexentry: eng/Ostrogothic_Kingdom__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ostrogothic Kingdom
trans_list: Regno d'Italia | Regno ostrogoto
sense:
(historical) A kingdom (493—553 CE), founded by Theodoric the Great, corresponding to present-day Italy (including Sicily but not Sardinia) and neighbouring areas.


lexentry: eng/Other__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Other
trans_list: altro
sense:
(philosophy, psychoanalysis) Radical alterity or otherness conceived or reified as a separate entity; “other people” altogether in their difference from oneself.


lexentry: eng/Ottoman_Empire__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ottoman Empire
trans_list: Impero ottomano
sense:
(historical) A large Turkish empire which began as a Turkish sultanate centered in modern Turkey; founded in the late 13th century, it lasted until the end of World War I.


lexentry: eng/Ottoman_Turkish__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ottoman Turkish
trans_list: turca ottomana
sense:
The variety of the Turkish language that was used as the administrative and literary language of the Ottoman Empire.


lexentry: eng/Ouija__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ouija
trans_list: ouija | tavola ouija
sense:
(countable) A board, having letters of the alphabet and the words yes and no; used with a planchette during a seance to "communicate" with spirits.


lexentry: eng/Our_Lady_of_Sorrows__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Our Lady of Sorrows
sense:
(Christianity, chiefly, _, Catholicism) Synonym of Mary, mother of Jesus, in particular reference to her grief at the Crucifixion.

trans_list:
Madonna Addolorata | Maria Addolorata | Maria Dolorosa | Addolorata | Madonna dei Sette Dolori | Madre Dolorosa


lexentry: eng/Oval_Office__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Oval Office
trans_list: studio ovale
sense:
The official office of the President of the United States, located in the West Wing of the White House.


lexentry: eng/P_U__Interjection__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: P U
trans_list: bleah
sense:
(euphemistic) An interjection in response to smelling an unpleasant scent; an exaggerated pronunciation of pew.


lexentry: eng/Pacific_saury__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pacific saury
trans_list: costardella del Pacifico
sense:
A species of the saury family native to north Pacific Ocean from Yellow Sea to Gulf of Alaska; Cololabis saira.


lexentry: eng/Paki_shop__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Paki shop
trans_list: araba
sense:
(UK, Ireland, offensive, _, slang, derogatory) A corner shop run by a Pakistani or any other person of South-West and North-West Asian descent.


lexentry: eng/Palace_of_Westminster__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Palace of Westminster
trans_list: Palazzo di Westminster
sense:
An extensive building on the north bank of the River Thames in London, housing the House of Commons and the House of Lords.


lexentry: eng/Palaic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Palaic
trans_list: lingua palaica
sense:
An extinct Indo-European language belonging to Anatolian branch, attested in cuneiform tablets in Bronze Age Hattusa.


lexentry: eng/Palauan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Palauan
trans_list: palauana
sense:
A language spoken in the Pacific, in the Republic of Palau. It is a member of the Austronesian family of languages, and is considered to be one of two languages in Micronesia belonging to the Western Austronesian group, all others considered to be members of the Oceanic subgroup.


lexentry: eng/Palearctic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Palearctic
trans_list: Paleartico
sense:
(geography, biogeography) One of the major ecozones of the world, covering Europe, the old USSR territories, part of North Africa, and North Asia including the Himalaya foothills.


lexentry: eng/Palermitan__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Palermitan
trans_list: palermitana | palermitano
sense:
A person who was born in, or is a citizen or inhabitant of, Palermo on the island of Sicily in Italy.


lexentry: eng/Palestine__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Palestine
trans_list: Palestina
sense:
The territory of the current State of Israel, West Bank and Gaza Strip combined, the homeland of the Palestinian people.


lexentry: eng/Palestine__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: Palestine
trans_list: Palestina
sense:
(historical, technical) A British colonial entity administering approximately the lands mentioned in definition 3.


lexentry: eng/Palestine__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: Palestine
trans_list: Palestina
sense:
(historical, technical, rare) The British League of Nations Mandate for Palestine, of which this region was a part (the remainder being Transjordan, which covered approximately the lands of the modern Kingdom (originally Emirate) of Jordan).


lexentry: eng/Palestine__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: Palestine
trans_list: Palestina
sense:
(historical) Any of four Ancient Roman and Byzantine provinces in the eastern Mediterranean: Syria Palaestina, Palaestina Prima, Palaestina Secunda and Palaestina Salutaris.


lexentry: eng/Pali__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pali
trans_list: pali
sense:
A Middle Indo-Aryan language of north India, closely related to Sanskrit; the sacred language of the Buddhist scriptures. [from 1690s]


lexentry: eng/Palio_di_Siena__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Palio di Siena
trans_list: Palio delle Contrade
sense:
A horse race that takes place regularly in the main square of Siena, with horses and riders representing the "contrade" of the city


lexentry: eng/Pallas's_leaf_warbler__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pallas's leaf warbler
trans_list: lui de Pallas
sense:
Phylloscopus proregulus, a leaf warbler that breeds in mountain forests from southern Siberia east to northern Mongolia and northeast China.


lexentry: eng/Pan-American__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pan-American
trans_list: panamericano
sense:
Covering or representing all of the Americas (both North America and South America), particularly with respect to events involving representatives of most or all countries in the Americas.


lexentry: eng/Pan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pan
trans_list: Pan
sense:
(Greek god) Greek god of nature, often visualized as half goat and half man playing pipes. His Roman counterpart is Faunus.


lexentry: eng/Panathenaea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Panathenaea
trans_list: Panatenee
sense:
(Ancient Greece, historical) A festival formerly held annually in Athens to honour the city's patron goddess Athena, involving animal sacrifices, a grand procession, and, every fourth year, athletic and musical contests.


lexentry: eng/Panchen_Lama__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Panchen Lama
trans_list: Panchen Lama
sense:
(Tibetan Buddhism) The second-highest-ranking lama of the Gelug sect of Tibetan Buddhism, after the Dalai Lama.


lexentry: eng/Pandora__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pandora
trans_list: Pandora
sense:
(Greek mythology) The first woman on earth, who had been given a box by the gods and instructed not to open it, but who disobeyed the instructions out of curiosity, releasing all manner of evils into the world.


lexentry: eng/Pangaea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pangaea
trans_list: Pangea
sense:
(geology) A supercontinent that included all the landmasses of the earth before the Triassic period and that broke up into Laurasia and Gondwana.


lexentry: eng/Pantocrator__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pantocrator
trans_list: pantocratore
sense:
The ruler of everything, especially as an epithet for Jesus Christ; an artistic depiction of Jesus in this aspect.


lexentry: eng/Panzerfaust__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Panzerfaust
trans_list: Panzerfaust
sense:
A light, single-shot anti-tank grenade launcher developed in Germany in the latter stages of the Second World War.


lexentry: eng/Pap_smear__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pap smear
trans_list: striscio
sense:
(chiefly, gynaecology) A screening test meant to detect pre-cancerous and cancerous cells by taking a sample (‘smear’) of cells from the cervix.


lexentry: eng/Papal_States__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Papal States
trans_list: Stato Pontificio | Stato della Chiesa
sense:
(historical) TemplateParserError:LuaError that existed until 1870, comprising the territories of Italy over which the pope was the ruler in a civil as well as a spiritual sense.


lexentry: eng/Paracelsus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Paracelsus
trans_list: Paracelso
sense:
The adopted name of Philippus von Hohenheim, a Swiss thinker of the 16th century known for his pioneering scientific work and his research into the occult and alchemy.


lexentry: eng/Paraclete__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Paraclete
trans_list: Paraclito
sense:
(Christianity) The Holy Spirit, the Holy Ghost, especially in its role as comforter of the faithful.


lexentry: eng/Paralympic_Games__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Paralympic Games
trans_list: Giochi paralimpici
sense:
An international sports competition participated in by sportspeople with physical disabilities, which is held every four years as a counterpart of the Olympic Games and nowadays at the same venue.


lexentry: eng/Paralympics__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Paralympics
trans_list: Giochi paralimpici
sense:
(sports) Synonym of Paralympic Games (“an international sports competition participated in by sportspeople with physical disabilities, which is held every four years as a counterpart of the Olympic Games and nowadays at the same venue”)


lexentry: eng/Pareto_principle__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pareto principle
trans_list: principio
sense:
The principle that describes the phenomenon wherein a small percentage of a population accounts for a large proportion of a particular characteristic of that population.


lexentry: eng/Paris_syndrome__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Paris syndrome
trans_list: sindrome di Parisi | sindrome di Parigi
sense:
An alleged transient psychological disorder encountered by some people visiting or vacationing in Paris, France, resulting from shock at their discovery that Paris is not what they had expected it to be.


lexentry: eng/Parkes_process__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Parkes process
trans_list: zincaggio
sense:
(inorganic chemistry) A process for removing silver from lead by preferential solution in liquid zinc


lexentry: eng/Parkinson's_disease__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Parkinson's disease
trans_list: malattia di Parkinson
sense:
(neurology, disease) A chronic neurological disorder affecting movement, characterized by tremor, slowness of movement (bradykinesia), cogwheel or lead-pipe rigidity, and postural instability.


lexentry: eng/Parmenides__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Parmenides
trans_list: Parmenide
sense:
An Ancient Greek philosopher born in Elea, in southern Italy. Founder of the Eleatic school of philosophy.


lexentry: eng/Parthenon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Parthenon
trans_list: Partenone
sense:
An ancient temple to Athena and monument in the city of Athens. It is a symbol of Greek achievement in the arts and of Athenian democracy.


lexentry: eng/Parthian_Empire__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Parthian Empire
trans_list: Impero partico
sense:
(historical) An ancient empire of Western Asia founded as a kingdom by Arsaces I with his 3rd-century-BCE conquest of Parthia (only recently a satrapy of the Seleucid Empire) and subsequently greatly expanded by Mithridates I.


lexentry: eng/Pascal's_triangle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pascal's triangle
trans_list: triangolo di Tartaglia | triangolo di Pascal
sense:
(mathematics) A geometric representation of the binomial coefficients in a triangle, each entry being the sum of the two entries above.


lexentry: eng/Paschal_Lamb__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Paschal Lamb
trans_list: agnello pasquale
sense:
(heraldiccharge) A lamb depicted with nimbus and bearing a flag (usually St. George's cross: argent a cross gules).


lexentry: eng/Paschal_Triduum__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Paschal Triduum
trans_list: Triduo pasquale
sense:
(Roman Catholicism) A period of three days that begins with the liturgy on the evening of Maundy Thursday


lexentry: eng/Pashtunistan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pashtunistan
trans_list: Pashtunistan | Paskunistan
sense:
The geographic region historically inhabited by the indigenous Pashtun people of modern-day Afghanistan and Pakistan.


lexentry: eng/Pasiphae__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pasiphae
trans_list: Pasifae | Pasife
sense:
(Greek mythology) The daughter of Helios and the sister of Circe. She was raised as a princess at Cholchis, and then given in marriage to King Minos of Crete. With Minos, she was the mother of Ariadne, Androgeus, Glaucus, Deucalion, Phaedra, and Catreus. She was also the mother of the Minotaur.


lexentry: eng/Passionist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Passionist
trans_list: passionista
sense:
A member of a Roman Catholic religious institute with a special emphasis on the Passion of Jesus Christ.


lexentry: eng/Passover__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Passover
trans_list: pasqua | pasqua ebraica
sense:
The one-day Biblical feast or festival (not a holy day) that begins at twilight on the fourteenth day of the first month (Nisan 14), which is then immediately followed by the seven-day Feast of Unleavened Bread (Nisan 15 to 21; the first and seventh days are holy days or annual Sabbaths).


lexentry: eng/Pastafarianism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pastafarianism
trans_list: pastafarianesimo
sense:
A parody religion centered around the Flying Spaghetti Monster, a creator deity who resembles spaghetti and meatballs.


lexentry: eng/Patavine__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Patavine
trans_list: patavino
sense:
Of or pertaining to ancient Patavium (modern Padua), especially the Latin dialect common to that place.


lexentry: eng/Pauli_exclusion_principle__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pauli exclusion principle
trans_list: principio di esclusione di Pauli
sense:
(physics) A principle in quantum mechanics that states that no two identical fermions may occupy the same quantum state simultaneously.


lexentry: eng/Pauline__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pauline
trans_list: paolino
sense:
(Christianity) Of or relating to the Apostle Paul, his writings, his doctrines, and the form of Christianity that arose from them.


lexentry: eng/Paulist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Paulist
trans_list: paolino
sense:
A member of various religious orders associated with either of the saints Paul of Thebes and Paul of Tarsus.


lexentry: eng/Pavlovian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pavlovian
trans_list: pavloviano
sense:
Of or relating to the theories of the Russian physiologist, psychologist, and physician Ivan Petrovich Pavlov, especially those related to behavioral conditioning.


lexentry: eng/Pavo__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pavo
trans_list: Pavone
sense:
(constellation) A constellation of the southern sky, said to resemble a peacock. It lies between the constellations Telescopium and Octans.


lexentry: eng/Pegasus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pegasus
trans_list: Pegaso
sense:
(Greek mythology) A winged horse fabled to have sprung from the blood of Medusa when she was slain. He is noted for causing, with a blow of his hoof, Hippocrene, the inspiring fountain of the Muses, to spring from Mount Helicon. Bellerophon tamed and rode upon Pegasus when he defeated the Chimaera.


lexentry: eng/Pegasus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Pegasus
trans_list: Pegaso
sense:
(constellation) A constellation of the northern sky, near the vernal equinoctial point, representing the winged horse. Its three brightest stars, with the brightest star of Andromeda, form the asterism of the Great Square of Pegasus.


lexentry: eng/Pelagianism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pelagianism
trans_list: pelagianesimo
sense:
(Christianity) A Christian belief that denies the view of original sin and the necessity of grace, asserting that man is capable of achieving salvation by his own efforts.


lexentry: eng/Pell's_equation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pell's equation
trans_list: equazione di Pell
sense:
(number theory) The Diophantine equation x^2 - my^2 = 1 for a given integer m, to be solved in integers x and y.


lexentry: eng/Peloponnese__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Peloponnese
trans_list: Peloponneso
sense:
TemplateParserError:LuaError, separated from mainland Europe by the Gulf of Corinth and connected to it by the Isthmus of Corinth.


lexentry: eng/Peltier_effect__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Peltier effect
trans_list: effetto Peltier
sense:
(physics) A thermoelectric effect which occurs when current is passed through a thermocouple causing one side of the Peltier to heat up and the other to cool down, used in computing as a cooling process.


lexentry: eng/Pennsylvania__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Pennsylvania
trans_list: Pennsylvania | Pensilvania
sense:
(historical) TemplateParserError:LuaError, which grew progressively larger before becoming the present state.


lexentry: eng/Pentelic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pentelic
trans_list: pentelico
sense:
Of or relating to Mount Pentelicus (Penteliko Mountain), near Athens, famous for its fine white marble quarries.


lexentry: eng/People's_Liberation_Army__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: People's Liberation Army
trans_list: Esercito Popolare di Liberazione
sense:
(military) People's Liberation Army Ground Force, the army branch of the military arm of the People's Republic of China.


lexentry: eng/Periclean__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Periclean
trans_list: pericleo
sense:
Of or relating to Pericles, an Ancient Greek politician, or to the golden age of art and literature in Athens.


lexentry: eng/Peronism__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Peronism
trans_list: peronismo
sense:
(politics) The eclectic political ideology attributed to the former Argentine leaders Juan Perón and Eva Duarte de Perón, combining populism, nationalism and state intervention, but originally chiefly centred on their personalities.


lexentry: eng/Perseid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Perseid
trans_list: Perseidi
sense:
(astronomy) Any of the meteors in a meteor shower that appears to come from the constellation Perseus.


lexentry: eng/Persephone__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Persephone
trans_list: Persefone
sense:
(Greek god) A minor deity, the queen of the Underworld/Hades, and goddess of the seasons and vegetation. Originally named Kore/Core, she is the daughter of Zeus and Demeter; and the wife of Hades. Her Roman counterpart is Proserpina.


lexentry: eng/Perseus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Perseus
trans_list: Perseo
sense:
(Greek mythology) The mythological Greek warrior who slew the Gorgon Medusa by decapitating her. He married Andromeda after rescuing her from Ceto and founded Mycenae. He was the son of Zeus and Danae.


lexentry: eng/Perseus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Perseus
trans_list: Perseo
sense:
(constellation) An autumn constellation of the northern sky, said to resemble the mythical hero. It includes the stars Algenib, Algol, and Mirfak.


lexentry: eng/Persia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Persia
trans_list: Persia
sense:
Persia proper (Persis), the land of the ancient Persians, corresponding to modern-day Fars province in southwestern Iran.


lexentry: eng/Persian__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Persian
trans_list: persiano
sense:
(uncountable) The Persian language, or a family of languages spoken primarily in Iran, Afghanistan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan.


lexentry: eng/Pest__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pest
trans_list: peste
sense:
(historical) One of the originally three separate cities that were united in 1873 to become the Hungarian capital, Budapest.


lexentry: eng/Peter_Pan_syndrome__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Peter Pan syndrome
trans_list: sindrome di Peter Pan
sense:
(idiomatic) The supposed psychological phenomenon of immaturity among some men, who, like the fictional character, remain childish and fail to assume appropriate adult social roles and responsibilities.


lexentry: eng/Peter__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Peter
trans_list: Pietro | Piero
sense:
(biblical) The epistles of Peter in the New Testament of the Bible, 1 Peter and 2 Peter attributed to St. Peter.


lexentry: eng/Petrarchan_sonnet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Petrarchan sonnet
trans_list: sonetto petrarchesco
sense:
(poetry) A sonnet comprising an octet and a closing sestet, following the rhyme scheme of either abba abba cde cde or abba abba cd cd cd or abba abba cce dde or abba abba cdd cee.


lexentry: eng/Petronius__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Petronius
trans_list: Petronio
sense:
A male given name of historical usage, notably borne by a Roman courtier during the reign of Nero and the patron saint of Bologna


lexentry: eng/Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky
trans_list: Petropavlovsk-Kamčatskij
sense:
A city in the far East of Russia, administrative centre of Kamchatka kray, also called Petropavlovsk


lexentry: eng/Pharisee__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pharisee
trans_list: fariseo
sense:
(historical) A member of an ancient Jewish political party, a social movement, and a school of thought among Jews that flourished during the Second Temple Era (536 B.C.E.–70 C.E.). The movement was ultimately the basis for most contemporary forms of Judaism.


lexentry: eng/Phaëthon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Phaëthon
trans_list: Fetonte
sense:
(Greek mythology) the son of the sun god Helios who was killed by Zeus while trying to drive his father's chariot across the sky


lexentry: eng/Philemon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Philemon
trans_list: Filemone | Lettera a Filemone
sense:
The eighteenth book of the New Testament of the Bible, the epistle of Saint Paul to a fellow Christian called Philemon.


lexentry: eng/Philippians__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Philippians
trans_list: Filippesi | Filipesi
sense:
(biblical) The eleventh book of the New Testament of the Bible, the epistle of St Paul to the Philippians.


lexentry: eng/Philippine_eagle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Philippine eagle
trans_list: aquila delle Filippine | aquila delle scimmie
sense:
Pithecophaga jefferyi, a species of eagle endemic to forests in the Philippines that has brown and white-coloured plumage, and a shaggy crest.


lexentry: eng/Philistine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Philistine
trans_list: filisteo | filistea
sense:
(historical) A non-Semitic person from ancient Philistia, a region in the southwest Levant in the Middle East.


lexentry: eng/Phocis__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Phocis
trans_list: Focide
sense:
TemplateParserError:LuaError. It is located north northeast of the Peloponnese, which included Delphi.


lexentry: eng/Phoenicia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Phoenicia
trans_list: Fenicia
sense:
The land of city states of the Phoenicians which around 1000 BC was situated on the coast of present day Syria and Lebanon, and included the cities of Tyre and Sidon.


lexentry: eng/Phoenix__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Phoenix
trans_list: Fenice
sense:
(constellation) A spring constellation of the southern sky, said to resemble the mythical bird. It lies north of Tucana.


lexentry: eng/Phoney_War__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Phoney War
trans_list: strana guerra
sense:
(historical) During World War Two, the period of limited military activity from the outbreak of hostilities on September 3rd, 1939 until Germany's attack on the Low Countries on May 10th, 1940.


lexentry: eng/Phorcys__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Phorcys
trans_list: Forci | Forcide | Forco
sense:
(Greek mythology) A primordial sea god, son of Pontus and Gaia, who by Ceto fathered numerous monsters including Echidna and the gorgons.


lexentry: eng/Phorcys__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Phorcys
trans_list: Forci | Forcine
sense:
(Greek mythology) Phorcys of Phrygia, a Phrygian ally of the King Priam of Troy during the Trojan War.


lexentry: eng/Phosphorus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Phosphorus
trans_list: Venere
sense:
An Ancient Greek name for the morning star (the planet Venus when it is visible in the eastern sky before sunrise).


lexentry: eng/Phrixus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Phrixus
trans_list: Frisso
sense:
(Greek mythology) Son of Athamas and brother of Helle, with whom he fled to Colchis on a golden winged ram.


lexentry: eng/Phrygia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Phrygia
trans_list: Frigia
sense:
(historical) Ancient kingdom in the west central part of Anatolia, in what is now modern-day Turkey.


lexentry: eng/Phrygian_cap__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Phrygian cap
trans_list: berretto di Frigia | berretto frigio | cappello frigio
sense:
(Ancient Rome, Ancient Greece) A soft, close-fitting cap represented in Greek and Roman art as worn by Orientals, assumed to have been conical in shape, with the top bent forward.


lexentry: eng/Piarist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Piarist
trans_list: scolopio
sense:
A member of the Order of Poor Clerics Regular of the Mother of God of the Pious Schools, a Catholic educational order founded in the sixteenth century.


lexentry: eng/Pictor__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pictor
trans_list: Pittore
sense:
(constellation) A summer constellation of the southern sky, said to resemble an easel. It lies between the constellations Carina and Dorado.


lexentry: eng/Piedmont__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Piedmont
trans_list: Piemonte
sense:
The region of the eastern US between the Appalachian mountains and the coastal plain, extending from eastern Alabama to northern New Jersey.


lexentry: eng/Pierrot__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pierrot
trans_list: Pedrolino
sense:
A character from French pantomime; a buffoon in a loose white outfit; a popular choice for a masquerade costume.


lexentry: eng/Pijin__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pijin
trans_list: lingua pijin
sense:
In full Solomon Islands Pijin, Solomon Pijin, or Solomons Pijin: a language spoken on the Solomon Islands, which is a form of Melanesian Pidgin.


lexentry: eng/Pikachu__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pikachu
trans_list: Pikachu
sense:
(ACG, video games, anime, manga) A small yellow rodent-like Pokémon species that has red cheeks and a tail shaped like a lightning bolt, and has electricity-related powers.


lexentry: eng/Pilate__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pilate
trans_list: Pilato
sense:
(biblical character) Pontius Pilate, the man who, according to the Bible, ordered the crucifixion of Jesus.


lexentry: eng/Pillars_of_Hercules__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pillars of Hercules
trans_list: Colonne d'Ercole
sense:
(historical) The two promontories at the Strait of Gibraltar, and thus the western limit of the Mediterranean world.


lexentry: eng/Piltdown_Man__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Piltdown Man
trans_list: uomo di Piltdown
sense:
(taxonomy) A supposed early human theorized from bone fragments said to have been found in a gravel pit in Piltdown, England, in 1912, but later identified as a forgery.


lexentry: eng/Pindaric_flight__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pindaric flight
trans_list: volo pindarico
sense:
A literary passage that has no logical connection to the surrounding work, or is a long digression that becomes less and less related to the original passage.


lexentry: eng/Pinocchio__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pinocchio
trans_list: Pinocchio
sense:
The fictional boy made from wood whose nose gets longer with each lie he tells, protagonist of the story The Adventures of Pinocchio (1881–1883) by Carlo Collodi.


lexentry: eng/Pinyin__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pinyin
trans_list: pinyin
sense:
A system of romanization for Standard Mandarin, used in the People’s Republic of China, and more recently in other Mandarin Chinese-speaking areas as well. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/Pippi_Longstocking__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pippi Longstocking
trans_list: Pippi Calzelunghe
sense:
A person, especially a girl or woman, with long or flamboyant red hair, especially in pigtails or parted down the middle, and prominent freckles.


lexentry: eng/Piraeus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Piraeus
trans_list: Il Pireo | Pireo
sense:
TemplateParserError:LuaError, part of Athens agglomeration, the chief port of Athens, located on the Saronic Gulf.


lexentry: eng/Pirandellian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pirandellian
trans_list: pirandelliano
sense:
Of, pertaining to, or characteristic of the works of Luigi Pirandello (1867–1936), Italian dramatist and poet; especially describing drama in which actors become inseparable and indistinct from the characters that they play.


lexentry: eng/Pisces__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pisces
trans_list: Pesci
sense:
(zodiac constellations, astrology) The Fish, a Greco-Roman constellation of the zodiac named for its presumed resemblance to a pair of fish and supposed to be ruled by Neptune and to influence events occurring between February 20 and March 20 (tropical) or, less often, between March 15 and April 14 (sidereal).


lexentry: eng/Piscis_Austrinus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Piscis Austrinus
trans_list: Pesce Australe
sense:
(constellation) An autumn constellation of the northern sky, said to resemble a fish. It contains the star Fomalhaut.


lexentry: eng/Planck's_constant__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Planck's constant
trans_list: costante di Planck
sense:
(quantum mechanics) the constant of proportionality (symbol ℎ), relating the energy and frequency of a photon (6.626×10−34 joule-second); also related to the indeterminacy limit in the Heisenberg uncertainty principle; the quantum of action


lexentry: eng/Planet_X__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Planet X
trans_list: pianeta X
sense:
(astronomy) A hypothetical planet in the Solar system, beyond the currently known outermost planet. (The term was applied to Eris for a short while, when Pluto was still considered the ninth planet.)


lexentry: eng/Platonic_solid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Platonic solid
trans_list: solido platonico
sense:
(geometry) Any of five convex polyhedra with congruent regular polygonal faces, which have a high degree of symmetry and have been studied since antiquity.


lexentry: eng/Pleiades__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pleiades
trans_list: Pleiadi
sense:
(Greek god) The "seven sisters", companions of Artemis and daughters of the Titan Atlas and the sea-nymph Pleione.


lexentry: eng/Pleiades__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Pleiades
trans_list: Pleiadi
sense:
(astronomy) An open cluster of hot blue stars in the constellation Taurus, and the most easily visible such cluster from Earth.


lexentry: eng/Plutarch__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Plutarch
trans_list: Plutarco
sense:
The classical historian and essayist Lucius Mestrius Plutarchus (46-120 C.E.). Often used as a byword for a biographer, to suggest that the writer is especially skilled or has other attributes associated with Plutarch.


lexentry: eng/Pluto__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Pluto
trans_list: Plutone
sense:
(astronomy) The largest dwarf planet and formerly the ninth planet, represented by the symbol ♇ or ⯓, both now used mostly in astrology. [from 1930]


lexentry: eng/Plutonian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: Plutonian
trans_list: plutoniano
sense:
(by extension, geology, historical) Synonym of plutonic (“of, pertaining to, or supporting plutonism, the theory that the rocks of the Earth were formed in fire by volcanic activity, with a continuing gradual process of weathering and erosion, then deposited on the sea bed, re-formed into layers of sedimentary rock by heat and pressure, and raised again”)


lexentry: eng/Pluviôse__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pluviôse
trans_list: piovoso
sense:
(historical) The fifth month of the French Republican Calendar, from January 20, 21 or 22 to February 18, 19 or 20.


lexentry: eng/Pnyx__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pnyx
trans_list: Pnice
sense:
(Ancient Greece, historical) TemplateParserError:LuaError west of the Acropolis with a stone platform and steps set into its side, which was used as the meeting place of the democratic assembly in Ancient Greece.


lexentry: eng/Poisson's_ratio__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Poisson's ratio
trans_list: modulo di Poisson
sense:
Of a material in tension or compression, the ratio of the strain in the direction of the applied load to the strain normal to the load. Abbreviated ν.


lexentry: eng/Poisson_process__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Poisson process
trans_list: processo di Poisson
sense:
(mathematics, statistics, probability theory) A stochastic process in which events occur continually and independently of one another.


lexentry: eng/Polaris__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Polaris
trans_list: Polaris
sense:
(star) α Ursae Minoris, a trinary star in the constellation Ursa Minor located near the north celestial pole for the last 1500 years.


lexentry: eng/Polish_People's_Republic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Polish People's Republic
trans_list: Repubblica Popolare di Polonia
sense:
(historical) A Marxist-Leninist country in Central Europe that existed from 1947 to 1989, the predecessor of the current Republic of Poland.


lexentry: eng/Polish_notation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Polish notation
trans_list: notazione polacca
sense:
(arithmetic, logic) A notation for arithmetic (and logical) formulae in which operations (respectively, quantifiers and operands) are written immediately before their operands, used to avoid the need for parentheses; for example, 3 * (4 + 7) is written as * 3 + 4 7 and A AND B is written as AND A B.


lexentry: eng/Polish_plait__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Polish plait
trans_list: lue sarmatica
sense:
(now, possibly, offensive) A medical condition resulting from deficient hair care in which the uncombed hair becomes irreversibly entangled, forming a matted mass, which can become malodorous and encrusted or sticky.


lexentry: eng/Polonize__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Polonize
trans_list: polonizzare
sense:
(transitive) To make Polish as to custom, culture, language, or style; to adapt to the norms of the Republic of Poland.


lexentry: eng/Ponzi_scheme__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ponzi scheme
trans_list: schema Ponzi
sense:
A fraudulent scheme where earlier investors are paid with the money taken from new investors, giving the impression that the scheme is a viable investment.


lexentry: eng/Popemobile__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Popemobile
trans_list: papamobile
sense:
(informal) Any of various vehicles with bulletproof glass sides used to transport the Pope through crowds safely while allowing an open view.


lexentry: eng/Popeye__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Popeye
trans_list: Braccio di Ferro
sense:
A tough cartoon sailor, full name Popeye the Sailor, characterized by bulging forearm muscles, a squinty eye, and an affinity for spinach.


lexentry: eng/Portuguese__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Portuguese
trans_list: portoghese
sense:
A Romance language originating in Portugal, and now the official language of Portugal, Angola, Mozambique, São Tomé and Príncipe, Guiné Bissau (Guinea-Bissau), Cape Verde, East Timor, and Brazil.


lexentry: eng/Portuguese_man-of-war__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Portuguese man-of-war
trans_list: caravella portoghese
sense:
Physalia physalis, a marine cnidarian consisting of a floating colony of hydrozoans attached to a float, superficially resembling a jellyfish.


lexentry: eng/Poseidon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Poseidon
trans_list: Poseidone
sense:
(Greek god) The god of the sea and other waters, earthquakes and horses; corresponds to the Roman god Neptune.


lexentry: eng/Prakrit__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Prakrit
trans_list: pracrito
sense:
Any one of several Middle Indo-Aryan languages, all derived from dialects of Old Indo-Aryan languages. [from 1766]


lexentry: eng/Precambrian__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Precambrian
trans_list: precambriano
sense:
(geology) The Precambrian supereon; spanning from the formation of the Earth around 4.6 billion years ago to the emergence of hard-shelled creatures 541 million years ago.


lexentry: eng/Priapus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Priapus
trans_list: Priapo
sense:
(Greek god) The son of Aphrodite and Dionysus, god of procreation, and guardian of gardens and vineyards; personification of the phallus.


lexentry: eng/Primat__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Primat
trans_list: primate
sense:
A very large champagne bottle with the capacity of about 27 liters, equivalent to 36 standard bottles.


lexentry: eng/Prince_Charming__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Prince Charming
trans_list: principe azzurro | principe azzurro sul cavallo bianco
sense:
(by extension) A heterosexual woman's prototypical ideal romantic partner, especially but not necessarily if he embodies common characteristics of the fictional princes, such as being courageous or chivalrous.


lexentry: eng/Prince_Edward_Island__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Prince Edward Island
trans_list: Isola del Principe Edoardo
sense:
an island in the subantarctic Indian Ocean, part of the Prince Edward Islands, under the care and protection of South African Environmental Management


lexentry: eng/Procopius__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Procopius
trans_list: Procopio
sense:
A male given name of historical usage, notably borne by Saint Procopius, an early Christian martyr of the 3rd century C.E.


lexentry: eng/Procopius__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Procopius
trans_list: Procopio
sense:
A male given name of historical usage, notably borne by Procopius, a Roman imperial usurper of the 4th century C.E.


lexentry: eng/Procopius__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: Procopius
trans_list: Procopio
sense:
A male given name of historical usage, notably borne by Procopius of Caesarea, a Byzantine Greek historian of the 6th century C.E.


lexentry: eng/Procrustes__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Procrustes
trans_list: Procuste
sense:
(Greek mythology) A celebrated legendary highwayman of Attica, who tied his victims upon an iron bed, and, as the case required, either stretched or cut off their legs to adapt them to its length.


lexentry: eng/Procyon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Procyon
trans_list: Procione
sense:
(star) A star in the constellation Canis Minor; Alpha (α) Canis Minoris. The eighth brightest star in the night sky.


lexentry: eng/Promethean__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Promethean
trans_list: prometeico
sense:
Of or pertaining to Prometheus, a demigod in Greek mythology who created mortals from clay and stole fire from Zeus to give to them, for which Zeus punished him by chaining him to a rock and having an eagle feed on his liver which grew back each night; he was later rescued by Heracles.


lexentry: eng/Prometheus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Prometheus
trans_list: Prometeo
sense:
(Greek god) The Titan chiefly honored for stealing fire from Zeus in the stalk of a fennel plant and giving it to mortals for their use. The god of fire and craft.


lexentry: eng/Promised_Land__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Promised Land
trans_list: terra promessa
sense:
(idiomatic, sometimes, lower case) Any place to which one eagerly seeks to go and which one expects to greatly improve one's situation.


lexentry: eng/Promised_Land__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Promised Land
trans_list: Terra Promessa
sense:
(Judaism, Christianity) The area historically known as Judea, which was promised to the Israelites by God according to oral tradition recorded in the Book of Genesis.


lexentry: eng/Proterozoic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Proterozoic
trans_list: proterozoico
sense:
(geology) The eon from 2,500 Ma to 541.0±1.0 Ma, the beginning of the Phanerozoic, marked by the build up of oxygen in the atmosphere and the emergence of primitive multicellular life.


lexentry: eng/Protestant__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Protestant
trans_list: protestante
sense:
(Christianity) Of or pertaining to several denominations of Christianity that separated from the Roman Catholic Church based on theological or political differences during the Reformation.


lexentry: eng/Protestant__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Protestant
trans_list: protestante
sense:
(Christianity) A member of any of several Christian denominations which separated from the Roman Catholic Church based on theological or political differences during the Reformation (or in some cases later).


lexentry: eng/Proth_number__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Proth number
trans_list: numero di Proth
sense:
(number theory) Any number of the form k·2n + 1, where k is odd, n is a positive integer, and 2n > k.


lexentry: eng/Proto-Altaic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Proto-Altaic
trans_list: Proto-altaico
sense:
The hypothetical prehistoric ancestor of all Altaic languages, the existence of which is now often rejected.


lexentry: eng/Proto-Indo-European__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Proto-Indo-European
trans_list: protoindoeuropeo
sense:
(linguistics, uncountable) The reconstructed ancestor language or protolanguage of the Indo-European family of languages, which includes most European, Iranian, and Indian languages.


lexentry: eng/Proto-Norse__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Proto-Norse
trans_list: proto-norreno
sense:
An Indo-European language spoken in Scandinavia and ancestral to Old Norse that evolved from Proto-Germanic over the first centuries AD.


lexentry: eng/Proto-Slavic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Proto-Slavic
trans_list: lingua protoslava | protoslavo
sense:
(linguistics) A hypothetical, reconstructed language whence all the Slavic languages later descended.


lexentry: eng/Proxima_Centauri__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Proxima Centauri
trans_list: Proxima Centauri
sense:
(star) A red dwarf star, part of the Alpha Centauri system and the nearest star to Earth's solar system.


lexentry: eng/Prussia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Prussia
trans_list: Prussia
sense:
(historical) A German province which was originally located in this area but later greatly expanded, and which was the predecessor to and a member of the German Empire; abolished as an administrative unit at the end of the Second World War.


lexentry: eng/Prussia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: Prussia
trans_list: Prussia
sense:
(countable) A country known for exceptional military professionalism in her region. Historically used for Bulgaria as the "Prussia of the Balkans".


lexentry: eng/Psyche__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Psyche
trans_list: Psiche
sense:
(Greek mythology, Roman mythology) The personification of the soul. Originally a mortal princess who later married Eros/Cupid, (the god of love), was deified, and bore him a daughter, Hedone/Voluptas.


lexentry: eng/Ptolemaic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ptolemaic
trans_list: tolemaico
sense:
(historical) Of or pertaining to the Ptolemy dynasty of pharaohs, the Ptolemies, rulers of Hellenistic Egypt.


lexentry: eng/Punjab__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Punjab
trans_list: Pangiab | Panjab | Pengiab | Punjab
sense:
TemplateParserError:LuaError which has union territory Chandigarh as its capital; its biggest city is Ludhiana.


lexentry: eng/Punjabi__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Punjabi
trans_list: punjabi
sense:
Of, pertaining to, descended from the people or culture of the Punjab, or written in the Punjabi language.


lexentry: eng/Punjabi__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Punjabi
trans_list: punjabi | panjabi
sense:
(uncountable) The main language spoken in the Punjab region, in eastern Pakistan and Northern India.


lexentry: eng/Puppis__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Puppis
trans_list: Poppa
sense:
(constellation) A winter constellation of the northern sky, said to resemble the stern of a ship. Until 1763, it was part of a larger constellation, Argo Navis.


lexentry: eng/Purgatory__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Purgatory
trans_list: purgatorio
sense:
(Christianity) An intermediate state after death in which some of those ultimately destined for Heaven must first undergo purification prior to entering Heaven.


lexentry: eng/Purim__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Purim
trans_list: Purim
sense:
(Judaism) A Jewish festival, celebrated on the 14th day of Adar, commemorating the deliverance of the Persian Jews from a complete massacre at the hand of Haman the Amalekite.


lexentry: eng/Puss_in_Boots__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Puss in Boots
trans_list: Gatto con gli Stivali
sense:
A 17th-century French literary fairy tale about a cat who uses trickery and deceit to gain power, wealth, and the hand of a princess in marriage for his penniless and low-born master.


lexentry: eng/Putinism__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Putinism
trans_list: putinismo
sense:
(politics) The political policies of Vladimir Putin; the Russian political system during Putin’s tenure in power.


lexentry: eng/Putonghua__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Putonghua
trans_list: pechinese
sense:
Standard Mandarin, the official language of the People's Republic of China; the state-designated national speech of the Han nationality using Beijing pronunciation as the standard pronunciation, Beijing speech as the basic dialect, and the model writing of the modern vernacular prose as the norm for grammar.


lexentry: eng/Pyrenean_chamois__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pyrenean chamois
trans_list: camoscio dei Pirenei
sense:
Rupicapra pyrenaica, a goat-antelope that lives in the Pyrenees and the Apennine Mountains of central Italy.


lexentry: eng/Pyrenees__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pyrenees
trans_list: Pirenei
sense:
The mountain range separating Spain from France, inhabited by Basques in the west, Occitans in the centre-north, Aragonese in the centre-south, and Catalans in the east.


lexentry: eng/Pyrrhic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Pyrrhic
trans_list: pirrico
sense:
Achieved at too great a cost or detriment to have been worthwhile (as a victory, accomplishment, etc).


lexentry: eng/Pyrrhic_victory__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pyrrhic victory
trans_list: vittoria di Pirro | vittoria pirrica
sense:
A very costly victory, wherein the considerable losses outweigh the gain, so as to render the struggle not worth the cost.


lexentry: eng/Pyrrhus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pyrrhus
trans_list: Pirro
sense:
Ancient Greek given name, particularly worn by the king of Epirus (319-272 BC) who defeated Romans in several battles, but sustained heavy losses, from which the term Pyrrhic victory was coined.


lexentry: eng/Pythagorean_theorem__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pythagorean theorem
trans_list: teorema di Pitagora
sense:
(geometry) A mathematical theorem which states that the square of the length of the hypotenuse of a right triangle is equal to the sum of the squares of those of the two other sides.


lexentry: eng/Pyxis__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pyxis
trans_list: Bussola
sense:
(constellation) A spring constellation of the southern sky, said to resemble the compass of a ship. It is associated with the larger Argo Navis, although it was never officially part of that constellation.


lexentry: eng/QAnon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: QAnon
trans_list: QAnon
sense:
(US politics) An anonymous poster on the Internet message boards 4chan, 8chan and 8kun, claiming to possess Q clearance, who originated a pro-Trump conspiracy theory claiming that Donald Trump is working against a cabal of Satanic, cannibalistic pedophiles comprised of his political opponents.


lexentry: eng/Q_fever__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Q fever
trans_list: febbre Q
sense:
An infectious disease, resembling influenza, caused by the bacterium Coxiella burnetii (previously classified as Rickettsia burnetii).


lexentry: eng/Quaker__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Quaker
trans_list: quacchero
sense:
A believer of the Quaker faith and a member of the Society of Friends, known for their pacifist views.


lexentry: eng/Quakerism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Quakerism
trans_list: quacquerismo
sense:
The belief system of the members of the Religious Society of Friends, an ostensibly Christian religious denomination that began in England in the 17th century.


lexentry: eng/Quaternary__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Quaternary
trans_list: quaternario
sense:
(geology) The geological period of the Cenozoic Era immediately following the Tertiary. It is subdivided into the Pleistocene and the Holocene Epochs.


lexentry: eng/Queen_of_Heaven__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Queen of Heaven
trans_list: Regina del Cielo
sense:
(Christianity, chiefly, _, Catholicism) Synonym of Mary, mother of Jesus, in particular reference to her role as queen of Heaven.


lexentry: eng/Quidditch__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Quidditch
trans_list: Quidditch | quidditch
sense:
A fictional ball game played between two teams of seven players riding flying broomsticks, using four balls and six elevated ring-shaped goals.


lexentry: eng/R&D__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: R&D
trans_list: R&S
sense:
(business) Initialism of Research and Development (a department within a company (or governmental division) dedicated to that task, or the fiscal category that represents it in fiscal reporting.)


lexentry: eng/REM_sleep__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: REM sleep
trans_list: sonno paradossale
sense:
The stage of sleep during which most brain activity and dreams occur, characterised by rapid eye movement (REM).


lexentry: eng/Rabbinic_Judaism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rabbinic Judaism
trans_list: ebraismo rabbinico
sense:
The mainstream form of Judaism since the 6th century CE, after the codification of the Babylonian Talmud, having its roots in Pharisaic Judaism and based on the belief that Moses at Mount Sinai received two items from God: the written Torah and the oral Torah.


lexentry: eng/Ragnarok__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ragnarok
trans_list: Ragnarök
sense:
(Norse mythology) A series of future events culminating in a battle, fought between the Æsir and einherjar on one side, and the forces of Surtr, Loki, and Loki's children on the other, in which all of creation is burned down and almost all life is extinguished.


lexentry: eng/Ramadan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ramadan
trans_list: ramadan
sense:
(Islam) The holy ninth month of the Islamic lunar calendar, during which Muslims fast between the break of dawn until sunset; they also refrain from drinking liquids, smoking and having sexual relations.


lexentry: eng/Rapunzel__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rapunzel
trans_list: Raperonzolo
sense:
A German fairy tale about a girl imprisoned in a tower who lets down her long hair for a rescuer to climb.


lexentry: eng/Rastafarianism__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rastafarianism
trans_list: rastafarianismo
sense:
A religion that emerged in Jamaica in the 1930s out of biblical prophecy and rising black aspirations.


lexentry: eng/Ravenclaw__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ravenclaw
trans_list: Corvonero
sense:
A person having traits associated with Ravenclaw house from the Harry Potter series, including intelligence, creativity, and love of learning or an affinity for eagles or the colours blue and bronze.


lexentry: eng/Raëlism__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Raëlism
trans_list: raelismo
sense:
A UFO religion with liberal sexual views, holding that all life on Earth was created in scientific laboratories by extraterrestrials.


lexentry: eng/Received_Pronunciation__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Received Pronunciation
trans_list: Received Pronunciation
sense:
The form of pronunciation of the English language traditionally spoken by the educated classes of the south-east of England, considered to be a standard (see received) and used as such in the pronunciation schemes of most British dictionaries. Abbreviation: RP


lexentry: eng/Red_Army_Faction__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Red Army Faction
trans_list: gruppo
sense:
(historical) A far-left terrorist organization active from 1970 to 1998, mainly in West Germany and West Berlin.


lexentry: eng/Red_Sea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Red Sea
trans_list: Mar Rosso
sense:
(US politics) The states of the western and southern United States which consistently vote Republican in presidential elections.


lexentry: eng/Redemptorist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Redemptorist
trans_list: liguorino | redentorista
sense:
A member of the Roman Catholic missionary congregation of the Most Holy Redeemer (i.e. Jesus Christ), founded in 1732 by Saint Alphonsus Maria of Liguori


lexentry: eng/Reformation__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Reformation
trans_list: riforma protestante | scisma protestante
sense:
(historical) The religious movement initiated in the 16th century against the Roman Catholic Church.


lexentry: eng/Reformed__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Reformed
trans_list: riformato
sense:
Of the Protestant movement typically associated with John Calvin, as separated from the Lutheran Church to pursue more extensive reformation.


lexentry: eng/Reggio_Calabria__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Reggio Calabria
trans_list: Reggio Calabria
sense:
(history) Regium, an important flourishing Ancient Greek colonial settlement in Magna Graecia on the Strait of Messina from the early 1st millennium BCE thru the Hellenistic, Ancient Roman, Byzantine Roman and medieval epochs.


lexentry: eng/Rehoboam__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rehoboam
trans_list: Roboamo
sense:
King of Israel after Solomon, whose folly split the kingdom in two; the father of Abijah (biblical character)


lexentry: eng/Renaissance__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Renaissance
trans_list: Rinascimento
sense:
(historical) The 14th-century revival of classical art, architecture, literature and learning that originated in Italy and spread throughout Europe over the following two centuries.


lexentry: eng/Renaissance__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Renaissance
trans_list: Rinascimento
sense:
The period of this revival, typically lasting from the late 14th to the late 16th centuries; the transition from medieval to modern times.


lexentry: eng/Republic_of_China__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Republic of China
trans_list: Repubblica di Cina | Taiwan
sense:
TemplateParserError:LuaError; modern-day Taiwan (began in the early 20th century in mainland China).


lexentry: eng/Republic_of_North_Macedonia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Republic of North Macedonia
trans_list: Repubblica della Macedonia del Nord | Repubblica di Macedonia del Nord
sense:
Country situated north of Greece and west of Bulgaria on the Balkan Peninsula, formerly partially recognised as the Republic of Macedonia.


lexentry: eng/Republic_of_South_Africa__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Republic of South Africa
trans_list: Repubblica del Sudafrica
sense:
(proscribed) The Transvaal statelet from 1852 to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland's annexation of it in 1902.


lexentry: eng/Republic_of_Texas__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Republic of Texas
trans_list: Repubblica del Texas
sense:
(historical) A former sovereign state that successfully revolted from Mexico in 1839-1845 and was then annexed into the United States of America as the state of Texas.


lexentry: eng/Republican__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Republican
trans_list: repubblicana | repubblicano
sense:
(US politics) A member or supporter of the Republican Party, the more right-wing of the two main political parties in the United States.


lexentry: eng/Reticulum__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Reticulum
trans_list: Reticolo
sense:
(constellation) A small constellation of the southern summer sky, said to resemble a reticle. It lies between the constellations of Horologium and Dorado.


lexentry: eng/Reuleaux_triangle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Reuleaux triangle
trans_list: triangolo di Reuleaux
sense:
(geometry) A figure consisting of three circular arcs, each centered on the intersection of the other two.


lexentry: eng/Rexism__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rexism
trans_list: rexismo
sense:
(politics, historical) A fascist movement active in Belgium from 1935 to 1945; the ideology of the Rexist Party


lexentry: eng/Reynold__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Reynold
trans_list: Rinaldo
sense:
A en given name, today more popular in the forms Reginald and Ronald. Modern use is partly transferred from the surname.


lexentry: eng/Rhaeto-Romance__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rhaeto-Romance
trans_list: retoromanzo
sense:
(linguistics) A group of related Romance languages spoken in north and north-eastern Italy and southeastern Switzerland, or any of these languages individually. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/Rhea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rhea
trans_list: Rea
sense:
(Greek god) A Titan, the daughter of Uranus and Gaia, the mother of Demeter, Hades, Hera, Hestia, Poseidon, and Zeus.


lexentry: eng/Rhine__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rhine
trans_list: Reno
sense:
A river in western Europe, that flows through Switzerland, Austria, Liechtenstein, Germany, France and the Netherlands, before emptying into the North Sea.


lexentry: eng/Rhineland-Palatinate__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rhineland-Palatinate
trans_list: Renania-Palatinato
sense:
One of the component states of Germany according to the current administrative division of the nation.


lexentry: eng/Rhineland__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rhineland
trans_list: Renania
sense:
(usually, with the definite article) TemplateParserError:LuaError. Roughly equivalent to the former Prussian Rhine Province, now the greater part of Rhineland-Palatinate plus the south-western half of North Rhine-Westphalia.


lexentry: eng/Ricci_calculus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ricci calculus
trans_list: calcolo tensoriale
sense:
(mathematics) A formal system in which index notation is used to define tensors and tensor fields and the rules for their manipulation; the theory of tensor calculus as developed by Gregorio Ricci-Curbastro, which formed the foundation of the modern theory.


lexentry: eng/Richard's_pipit__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Richard's pipit
trans_list: calandro maggiore
sense:
Anthus richardi, a medium-sized passerine bird which breeds in open grasslands in the East Palearctic.


lexentry: eng/Richter_scale__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Richter scale
trans_list: scala Richter
sense:
(seismology) a logarithmic scale used to express the energy released by an earthquake, each increase of 1 representing a 32-fold increase in energy.


lexentry: eng/Riemann_hypothesis__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Riemann hypothesis
trans_list: congettura di Riemann | ipotesi di Riemann
sense:
(mathematics, analysis, number theory) The conjecture that the zeros of the Riemann zeta function exist only at the negative even integers and certain complex numbers whose real part is ½.


lexentry: eng/Riemann_sphere__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Riemann sphere
trans_list: sfera di Riemann
sense:
(topology, complex analysis) The complex numbers extended with the number ∞; the complex plane (representation of the complex numbers as a Euclidean plane) extended with a single idealised point at infinity and consequently homeomorphic to a sphere in 3-dimensional Euclidean space.


lexentry: eng/Riemann_sphere__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Riemann sphere
trans_list: sfera di Riemann
sense:
(topology, complex analysis) The 2-sphere embedded in Euclidean three-dimensional space and often represented as a unit sphere, regarded as a homeomorphic representation of the extended complex plane and thus the extended complex numbers.


lexentry: eng/Riemann_zeta_function__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Riemann zeta function
trans_list: funzione zeta di Riemann
sense:
(number theory, analytic number theory, uncountable) The function ζ defined by the Dirichlet series \textstyle \zeta(s)=\sum_{n=1}^\infty \frac 1 {n^s} = \frac1{1^s} + \frac1{2^s} + \frac1{3^s} + \frac1{4^s} + \cdots, which is summable for points s in the complex half-plane with real part > 1; the analytic continuation of said function, being a holomorphic function defined on the complex numbers with pole at 1.


lexentry: eng/Riemannian_manifold__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Riemannian manifold
trans_list: varietà riemanniana
sense:
(differential geometry, Riemannian geometry) A real, smooth differentiable manifold whose each point has a tangent space equipped with a positive-definite inner product;(more formally) an ordered pair (M, g), where M is a real, smooth differentiable manifold and g its Riemannian metric.


lexentry: eng/Rigel__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rigel
trans_list: Rigel
sense:
(star) A blue supergiant star in the constellation Orion; Beta (β) Orionis. The seventh brightest star in the night sky.


lexentry: eng/Righteous_Among_the_Nations__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Righteous Among the Nations
trans_list: Giusto tra le Nazioni
sense:
(State of Israel) Title given to a non-Jew who risked his or her life during the Holocaust to save Jews from extermination by the Nazis.


lexentry: eng/Ripuarian__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ripuarian
trans_list: ripuario
sense:
A West Central German dialect group, spoken in the northern Rhineland (including the cities of Bonn, Cologne, Düsseldorf and Aachen), as well as parts of German-speaking Belgium and south-eastern Limburg (Netherlands); linguistically, the least affected by the consonant shift of all High German dialects


lexentry: eng/Robin_Hood__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Robin Hood
trans_list: Robin Hood
sense:
A legendary English outlaw famous for his skill in archery and his vow to defend the poor and the oppressed against established authority.


lexentry: eng/Roblox__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Roblox
trans_list: Roblox
sense:
A massively multiplayer online game and creation system platform (introduced in 2004) in which users design and play video games.


lexentry: eng/Roche_limit__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Roche limit
trans_list: limite di Roche
sense:
(astronomy) The closest a satellite can approach its parent body before the gravitational forces holding it together are overwhelmed by tidal forces pulling it apart.


lexentry: eng/Rolle's_theorem__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rolle's theorem
trans_list: teorema di Rolle
sense:
(calculus) The theorem that any real-valued differentiable function that attains equal values at two distinct points must have a point somewhere between them where the first derivative (the slope of the tangent line to the graph of the function) is zero. In mathematical terms, if f : \mathbb{R} \rightarrow \mathbb{R} is differentiable on (a,b) and f(a)=f(b) then \exists c \in (a,b) : f'(c)=0.


lexentry: eng/Rom__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Rom
trans_list: zingara | zingaro
sense:
(in particular) A male member of the Romani people who is married and considered respectable amongst the family.


lexentry: eng/Roman_Empire__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Roman Empire
trans_list: Impero romano
sense:
(historical) The empire which succeeded the Roman Republic and existed between 27 B.C.E. and 476 C.E. in the west (and until 1453 C.E. in the east; see Byzantine Empire), encompassing territories stretching from Britain and Germany to Spain, North Africa and the Persian Gulf. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/Roman_candle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Roman candle
trans_list: candela romana
sense:
A type of firework with a long, thick paper tube that contains layers of "stars" and lifting charges. When ignited, pyrotechnic stars shoot from the tube one at a time.


lexentry: eng/Roman_mile__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Roman mile
trans_list: miglio
sense:
An ancient Roman unit of itinerant distance of 1000 paces (mille passus, hence also "mile" from Latin mille, "1000"). Indirectly standardized to 5000 Roman feet by Agrippa in 29 BC. In modern times, Agrippa's Imperial Roman mile is empirically estimated to have been around 1481 meters (1620 yards, 4860 English feet, 0.92 English miles); compared with a modern mile, which is 5280 feet.


lexentry: eng/Roman_road__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Roman road
trans_list: strada romana
sense:
(historical) Any of many roads built in Europe, including Britain, by the Ancient Romans, many of which survive in various forms.


lexentry: eng/Romance__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Romance
trans_list: romanzo | neolatino | romanico
sense:
Of or dealing with languages or cultures derived from Roman influence and Latin: French, Italian, Portuguese, Spanish, Galician, Romanian, Catalan, Occitan, etc.


lexentry: eng/Romanesque__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Romanesque
trans_list: romanico
sense:
Somewhat resembling the Roman; applied sometimes to the debased style of the later Roman Empire, but especially to the more developed art and architecture prevailing from the 8th century to the 12th.


lexentry: eng/Romani__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Romani
trans_list: romaní
sense:
The Indo-Aryan lect of the Roma people, or one of its sublects (such as Roma, Sinti, Romanichal, etc), closely related to Hindi and Rajasthani.


lexentry: eng/Romani_studies__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Romani studies
trans_list: romanologia
sense:
(humanities) A field of study concerned with the culture, history and language of the Romani people.


lexentry: eng/Romanian_deadlift__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Romanian deadlift
trans_list: stacco rumeno
sense:
(weightlifting) A form of deadlift in which the body is bent at the hips and the knees are not bent.


lexentry: eng/Romanic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Romanic
trans_list: romana
sense:
Of or relating to any or all of the various languages which, during the Middle Ages, sprung out of the old Roman, or popular form of Latin, as the Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, French, Provencal, etc.


lexentry: eng/Romanization__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Romanization
trans_list: romanizzazione
sense:
(usually, uncountable) The act or process of putting text into the Latin (Roman) alphabet, by means such as transliteration and transcription.


lexentry: eng/Romans__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Romans
trans_list: Romani
sense:
(biblical) The sixth book of the New Testament of the Bible, the epistle of St Paul to the Christians in Rome.


lexentry: eng/Romansch__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Romansch
trans_list: romancio
sense:
A Rhaeto-Romance language (or dialect continuum) spoken in the Graubünden/Grisons canton of Switzerland; it is one of the four official languages of Switzerland. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/Romanticism__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Romanticism
trans_list: Romanticismo
sense:
(arts, music) An artistic, literary, musical, and intellectual movement that originated in Europe towards the end of the 18th century, peaking from 1800 to 1850, characterized by its emphasis on emotion and individualism as well as glorification of all the past and nature, preferring the medieval rather than the classical.


lexentry: eng/Rome__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: Rome
trans_list: Roma
sense:
The Holy See, the leadership of the Roman Catholic Church, particularly prior to the establishment of the Vatican City in the 19th century.


lexentry: eng/Romeo__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Romeo
trans_list: Romeo
sense:
(fiction) One of the main characters of Romeo and Juliet by William Shakespeare: the ardent lover of Juliet.


lexentry: eng/Roncesvalles__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Roncesvalles
trans_list: Roncisvalle
sense:
TemplateParserError:LuaError, in the Pyrenees, traditionally the site of the death of Roland in the Chanson de Roland.


lexentry: eng/Rorschach_test__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rorschach test
trans_list: test di Rorschach
sense:
(psychology) A method of psychological evaluation that uses a person's interpretations of inkblots or similar images to discover information concerning his or her personality, emotional functioning, or unconscious mind.


lexentry: eng/Rosetta_Stone__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rosetta Stone
trans_list: Stele di Rosetta
sense:
A large inscribed stone found near Rosetta, Egypt, in 1799, later used as a basis for understanding many previously undecipherable examples of hieroglyphic writing.


lexentry: eng/Rosh_Hashanah__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rosh Hashanah
trans_list: Rosh ha-Shana
sense:
The Jewish holiday marking the start of the liturgical year, taking place on the first two days of Tishrei, 163 days after the first day of Passover.


lexentry: eng/Ross's_gull__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ross's gull
trans_list: gabbiano di Ross
sense:
Rhodostethia rosea, a small gull breeding in the high Arctic of northernmost North America, and northeast Siberia.


lexentry: eng/Round_Table__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Round Table
trans_list: Tavola Rotonda
sense:
(Arthurian legend) King Arthur's table in the Arthurian legend, around which he and his knights congregate, all having equal status since the table has no head.


lexentry: eng/Roussillon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Roussillon
trans_list: Rossiglione
sense:
TemplateParserError:LuaError, approximately coterminous with Pyrénées-Orientales, that was once a part of Catalonia.


lexentry: eng/Roy_G._Biv__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Roy G. Biv
trans_list: RAGVAIV
sense:
(mnemonic) An acronym used to remember the color sequence of the visible spectrum: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet.


lexentry: eng/Royal_Navy__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Royal Navy
trans_list: Marina Reale
sense:
The British navy; formed in the 16th century, although England has had naval ships since before the time of Alfred the Great.


lexentry: eng/Rudolph_the_Red-Nosed_Reindeer__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer
trans_list: Rudolph la renna dal naso rosso
sense:
A legendary reindeer with a nose that glows red, the subject of a comic Christmas song; often added among Santa Claus's reindeer as the leading one.


lexentry: eng/Rumpelstiltskin__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Rumpelstiltskin
trans_list: Tremotino
sense:
A fairy tale about a dwarf who saves the miller’s daughter by spinning straw into gold in exchange for her first-born child, but is foiled when she guesses his name.


lexentry: eng/Ruritanian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ruritanian
trans_list: chimerico
sense:
Of or having the characteristics of adventure, romance, and intrigue, as in works of romantic fiction.


lexentry: eng/Ruritanian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Ruritanian
trans_list: Borduria
sense:
Used to describe a fictitious and generic foreign government or person, used to state a general or hypothetical situation.


lexentry: eng/Rus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Rus
trans_list: Rutenia
sense:
Kievan Rus', the medieval East Slavic state established by these same warrior merchants in the 9th century, whose capital was in Kiev.


lexentry: eng/Russia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: Russia
trans_list: Russia
sense:
(dated, countable) Any of several East Slavic states descended from Kievan Rus, typically including Russia (Great Russia), Belarus (White Russia) and Ukraine (Little Russia).


lexentry: eng/Russia_leather__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Russia leather
trans_list: cuoio di Russia
sense:
A form of bark-tanned cow leather, made hard-wearing, flexible, and waterproof with the use of birch oil.


lexentry: eng/Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic
trans_list: Repubblica Socialista Federativa Sovietica Russa
sense:
The official name for modern-day Russia under the Communist Party from 1936 to 1991 (from 1918 to 1937, according to the Constitution of the RSFSR, called the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic). Part of the USSR from 1922 to 1991.


lexentry: eng/Russian__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Russian
trans_list: russo | russa
sense:
(countable) An ethnic Russian: a member of the East Slavic ethnic group which is native to, and constitutes the majority of the population of, Russia.


lexentry: eng/Russian_oven__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Russian oven
trans_list: forno
sense:
A kind of oven/furnace that first appeared in the 15th century, used for both cooking and domestic heating in traditional Russian, Ukrainian and Belarusian households, and designed to retain heat for long periods of time by channeling the smoke and hot air of combustion through a labyrinth of passages.


lexentry: eng/Russian_roulette__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Russian roulette
trans_list: roulette russa
sense:
(idiomatic, games) A deadly game in which a person loads a single bullet in the cylinder of a revolver, spins the cylinder so that the bullet's location is unknown, points the muzzle at his/her head, and pulls the trigger. In its most lethal form, played by multiple participants each of whom takes a turn until the weapon discharges.


lexentry: eng/Russianism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Russianism
trans_list: russismo
sense:
(countable) A word or other feature originating in the Russian language that has been borrowed by another language.


lexentry: eng/Russophobia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Russophobia
trans_list: russofobia
sense:
The contempt or disgust towards Russians or Russia, especially the political system, or the customs of the former Soviet Union.


lexentry: eng/Ruthenia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ruthenia
trans_list: Rutenia
sense:
The territory between Central and Eastern Europe inhabited by Rusyns, on the slopes of the Carpathian Mountains in parts of Ukraine, Poland and Slovakia.


lexentry: eng/Ruthenia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Ruthenia
trans_list: Rutenia
sense:
(historical) Lands inhabited by Ukrainians (Ruthenians) of the former Austrian Empire kingdom of Galicia (1772–1918), corresponding to parts of Western Ukraine.


lexentry: eng/Ruy_Lopez__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ruy Lopez
trans_list: partita spagnola
sense:
(chess) A common chess opening, an Open Game characterized by the moves 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5, in which White moves king's bishop to the fifth rank.


lexentry: eng/S-train__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: S-train
trans_list: Servizio ferroviario
sense:
(chiefly in German-speaking countries and Copenhagen, Denmark) A commuter rail/metro system (generally overground) serving a metropolitan area; a train in such a system.


lexentry: eng/SIM_card__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: SIM card
trans_list: carta SIM | SIM card
sense:
A small, removable card smaller than a credit card which stores mobile phone data such as contact names and numbers, SMSs and security information.


lexentry: eng/SMS__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: SMS
trans_list: SMS
sense:
(telecommunications) Initialism of Short Message Service. A service to send text messages on a cell phone.


lexentry: eng/Saba__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Saba
trans_list: Saba
sense:
TemplateParserError:LuaError; in the southern part of the Caribbean off the west coast of Venezuela.


lexentry: eng/Sachertorte__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sachertorte
trans_list: torta Sacher
sense:
A torte made of butter, eggs, confectioner's sugar, toasted breadcrumbs, spices, and chocolate, which is baked in layers, put together with apricot jam and finally frosted with chocolate.


lexentry: eng/Sadducee__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sadducee
trans_list: sadduceo
sense:
(historical) A member of an ancient Jewish sect possibly formed as a political party in the 2nd century BCE and existing until around the 1st century CE.


lexentry: eng/Safavid__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Safavid
trans_list: safavide
sense:
Relating to the Safavid dynasty, a Muslim dynasty which ruled Iran between the 16th and 18th centuries.


lexentry: eng/Sagitta__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sagitta
trans_list: Freccia
sense:
(constellation) A small autumn constellation of the northern sky, said to resemble an arrow. It lies between the constellations of Vulpecula and Aquila.


lexentry: eng/Sagittarius__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sagittarius
trans_list: Sagittario
sense:
(zodiac constellations) A constellation of the zodiac supposedly shaped like a centaur who is an archer. It contains the stars Kaus Australis and Nunki.


lexentry: eng/Sagittarius__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Sagittarius
trans_list: Sagittario
sense:
(astrology) The zodiac sign for the archer, ruled by Jupiter and covering November 23 - December 21 (tropical astrology) or December 16 - January 14 (sidereal astrology).


lexentry: eng/Saint_Barbara__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Saint Barbara
trans_list: Santa Barbara
sense:
The patron of armourers, military engineers, gunsmiths, miners and anyone else who worked with cannon and explosives.


lexentry: eng/Saint_Martin__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Saint Martin
trans_list: San Martino
sense:
An island in the northeast of the Caribbean Sea, whose northern portion is part of France and whose southern portion is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands.


lexentry: eng/Saint_Nicholas__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Saint Nicholas
trans_list: San Niccolò
sense:
(Christianity) A 4th-century Greek bishop from Myra, Anatolia, patron saint of children, mariners and the unwed among others, functioning in multiple countries as a gift-giving figure around his feast day of December 6.


lexentry: eng/Saint_Petersburg__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Saint Petersburg
trans_list: San Pietroburgo
sense:
TemplateParserError:LuaError, known between 1914 and 1924 as Petrograd and between 1924 and 1991 as Leningrad, and former capital of Russia (1713–1728, 1732–1918).


lexentry: eng/Saint_Valentine's_Day__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Saint Valentine's Day
trans_list: San Valentino
sense:
A holiday in remembrance of Saint Valentine, February 14th, celebrated by sending cards or similar tokens of love.


lexentry: eng/Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
trans_list: Saint Vincent e Grenadine
sense:
TemplateParserError:LuaError, comprising the islands of Saint Vincent and the island chain of the Grenadines.


lexentry: eng/Saladin__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Saladin
trans_list: Saladino
sense:
(history) First sultan of Egypt and Syria and the founder of the Ayyubid dynasty, who led the Muslim opposition to the European Crusaders in the Levant.


lexentry: eng/Salafism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Salafism
trans_list: salafismo
sense:
(Islam) A movement comparing itself to Sunni Islam, claiming to taking the pious ancestors, the salaf of the patristic period of early Islam, as exemplary models.


lexentry: eng/Salamis__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Salamis
trans_list: Salamina
sense:
(Greek mythology) A nymph, the daughter of Asopus and Metope, who was carried away by Poseidon to the island that bears her name.


lexentry: eng/Salesian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Salesian
trans_list: salesiano
sense:
Of or pertaining to a Roman Catholic missionary society called the Salesians founded by Saint Francis of Sales in Turin.


lexentry: eng/Saluki__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Saluki
trans_list: levriero persiano
sense:
(cynology) An ancient sighthound breed of dog with a silky coat originating in the Middle East, once sacred to the Egyptians.


lexentry: eng/Salvation_Army__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Salvation Army
trans_list: Esercito della Salvezza
sense:
A Protestant Christian church and an international charitable organisation structured in a quasi-military fashion, originally founded to help the poor of London.


lexentry: eng/Samaritan__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Samaritan
trans_list: samaritano | samaritana
sense:
A native, or inhabitant of Samaria; especially one practising certain ethnoreligious traditions indigenous to that region.


lexentry: eng/Samoa__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Samoa
trans_list: Samoa
sense:
TemplateParserError:LuaError. Formerly Western Samoa, and, before that, German Samoa. It is distinct from American Samoa.


lexentry: eng/Samoyedic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Samoyedic
trans_list: samoiedo
sense:
Any of a group of languages spoken in the Urals that, along with Finno-Ugric, make up the Uralic language group.


lexentry: eng/Samson__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Samson
trans_list: Sansone
sense:
An Israelite judge in the Old Testament who performed feats of strength against the Philistines but was betrayed by Delilah his mistress. (biblical character)


lexentry: eng/San_Francisco__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: San Francisco
trans_list: San Francisco
sense:
A major coastal city in California of over 800,000 widely known for its unique culture, architecture, and LGBT population; formerly Yerba Buena (pre-1847).


lexentry: eng/San_Marco__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: San Marco
trans_list: San Marco
sense:
The central, and most tourist-oriented, of the six sestieri of Venice; includes Saint Mark's Square.


lexentry: eng/San_Salvador__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: San Salvador
trans_list: San Salvador
sense:
(historical) Short for San Salvador Island, TemplateParserError:LuaError discovered on Christopher Columbus's first voyage.


lexentry: eng/Sanskrit__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sanskrit
trans_list: sanscrito
sense:
A classical Indo-European language of South Asia, which is the liturgical language of Hinduism, Buddhism, Sikhism, Jainism. [from 1610s]


lexentry: eng/Santa_Croce__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Santa Croce
trans_list: Santa Croce
sense:
The northwestern of the six sestieri of Venice, including the main port and the modern part of the city.


lexentry: eng/Sappho__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sappho
trans_list: Saffo
sense:
An Ancient Greek female name, particularly borne by a poetess from Lesbos who lived between 630 and 570 BC (exact dates unknown).


lexentry: eng/Saracen__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Saracen
trans_list: saraceno
sense:
A member of a nomadic people from the Sinai near the Roman province of Arabia in the early centuries CE, who were specifically distinct from Arabs.


lexentry: eng/Sarmatia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sarmatia
trans_list: Sarmazia
sense:
(historical) An ancient territory corresponding to the western part of greater Scythia (modern Ukraine, southern Russia, and the eastern Balkans).


lexentry: eng/Saskatchewan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Saskatchewan
trans_list: Saskatchewan
sense:
Prairie province in western Canada (named after the river, which flows through it) which has Regina as its capital city.


lexentry: eng/Sassarese__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sassarese
trans_list: sassarese
sense:
A Romance lect, transitional between Corsican and Sardinian, spoken in the province of Sassari, Sardinia, Italy.


lexentry: eng/Satan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Satan
trans_list: Satana
sense:
(religion) The supreme evil spirit in the Abrahamic religions, who tempts humanity and rules Hell; the Devil; (in, _, Theistic Satanism) the same figure, regarded as a deity to be revered and worshipped.


lexentry: eng/Satanism__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Satanism
trans_list: satanismo
sense:
A profession, philosophy, or ideological construct featuring a positive, admirable, or useful association to the figure, character or entity known as 'Satan'; or, featuring opposition to all morality and the procurement of what is wanted regardless of the consequences concerning others.


lexentry: eng/Satanist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Satanist
trans_list: satanista
sense:
One who identifies with Anton Szandor LaVey's philosophical teachings and the religion, Satanism, founded upon it.


lexentry: eng/Saturday__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Saturday
trans_list: sabato
sense:
The seventh day of the week in many religious traditions, and the sixth day of the week in systems using the ISO 8601 norm; observed as the Sabbath/Shabbat in Judaism (Friday sunset to Saturday sunset); it follows Friday and precedes Sunday.


lexentry: eng/Saturn__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Saturn
trans_list: Saturno
sense:
(astronomy) The sixth planet of the solar system, known for its large rings, and until recent times the furthest known; represented in astronomy and astrology by ♄.


lexentry: eng/Sauris__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sauris
trans_list: Sauris
sense:
TemplateParserError:LuaError, one of the Germanic language islands in Italy, where Sauris Bavarian is spoken.


lexentry: eng/Saussurean__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Saussurean
trans_list: saussuriano
sense:
(linguistics) Of or pertaining to, characteristic of, associated with, or suggestive of Ferdinand de Saussure or his works.


lexentry: eng/Save__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Save
trans_list: Sava
sense:
TemplateParserError:LuaError that flows about 400 km (250 mi) from south of Harare in Zimbabwe, through Mozambique, to the Indian Ocean.


lexentry: eng/Saxon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Saxon
trans_list: sassone
sense:
A member of an ancient West Germanic tribe that lived at the eastern North Sea coast and south of it.


lexentry: eng/Scandinavian_Defence__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Scandinavian Defence
trans_list: Difesa Scandinava
sense:
A chess opening characterized by the moves 1.e4 d5, in which both the white king's pawn and the black queen's pawn advance two squares as the first moves.


lexentry: eng/Scandinavian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Scandinavian
trans_list: scandinavo
sense:
(Of a language) Of or relating to the North Germanic family of languages to which Swedish, Norwegian (Bokmål, Nynorsk), Danish, Icelandic, and Faeroese belong.


lexentry: eng/Scania__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Scania
trans_list: Scania
sense:
A historical region, currently part of Sweden, occupying the southernmost tip of the Scandinavian Peninsula.


lexentry: eng/Schengen_Area__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Schengen Area
trans_list: spazio Schengen | area Schengen | zona Schengen
sense:
(European politics) The group of European countries that have signed the Schengen Agreement, abolishing border controls between each other.


lexentry: eng/Schlegel_diagram__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Schlegel diagram
trans_list: diagramma di Schlegel
sense:
(geometry) A projection of a polytope from n-dimensional space to n-1 dimensions through a point beyond one of its faces; especially such a projection (itself represented in 2 dimensions) of a 3- or 4-dimensional polytope.


lexentry: eng/Schlemm's_canal__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Schlemm's canal
trans_list: canale di Schlemm
sense:
(anatomy) a circular channel in the eye that collects aqueous humour from the anterior chamber and delivers it into the bloodstream; if it is blocked, a glaucoma results


lexentry: eng/Schläfli_symbol__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Schläfli symbol
trans_list: simbolo di Schläfli
sense:
(geometry) A notation that recursively encodes certain properties of a specified regular polytope or tessellation.


lexentry: eng/Schopenhauerian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Schopenhauerian
trans_list: schopenhaueriano
sense:
Of or relating to Arthur Schopenhauer (1788–1860), German philosopher known for his pessimism and clarity.


lexentry: eng/Schrödinger's_cat__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Schrödinger's cat
trans_list: paradosso del gatto di Schrödinger
sense:
The thought experiment which was devised by Erwin Schrödinger, is usually considered a paradox, involves a Schrödinger's cat and is typically supposed to be analysed from the point of view of quantum mechanics.


lexentry: eng/Scientologist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Scientologist
trans_list: scientologo
sense:
A follower of Scientology, whether belonging to the "official" Church of Scientology or being outside in the so-called Free Zone.


lexentry: eng/Scientology__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Scientology
trans_list: scientologia
sense:
A belief system with certain religious aspects, developed in 1952, focused on the teachings of L. Ron Hubbard.


lexentry: eng/Scorpio__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Scorpio
trans_list: Scorpione
sense:
(astrology) The zodiac sign for the scorpion, ruled by Mars and covering October 23 - November 22 (tropical astrology) or November 16 - December 15 (sidereal astrology).


lexentry: eng/Scorpius__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Scorpius
trans_list: Scorpione
sense:
(constellation) A constellation of the zodiac, roughly shaped like a scorpion. Its brightest star is the red giant Antares.


lexentry: eng/Scots__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Scots
trans_list: scozzese
sense:
A Germanic language closely related to English and descended from northern dialects of Middle English, spoken in parts of Scotland, now especially in the northeastern and southern regions of the country.


lexentry: eng/Scottish_Gaelic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Scottish Gaelic
trans_list: gaelico scozzese
sense:
The Gaelic language of Scotland, spoken primarily in the northern and western parts of the country, with important communities in Glasgow and Edinburgh. Scottish Gaelic had its widest influence between 800 and 1200 C.E., as place names throughout Scotland attest.


lexentry: eng/Scouts__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Scouts
trans_list: scautismo
sense:
A worldwide youth movement with the aim of supporting young people in their physical, mental and spiritual development, so that they may play a constructive role in the society [1].


lexentry: eng/Scrabble__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Scrabble
trans_list: Scarabeo
sense:
A board game in which players draw letter tiles and take turns to make interlocking words like a crossword, scoring points according to the letters played and their positions on the board.


lexentry: eng/Sculptor__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sculptor
trans_list: Scultore
sense:
(constellation) A dim spring constellation of the southern sky. It lies between Aquarius and Phoenix and lies in the direction of the southern pole of the Milky Way.


lexentry: eng/Scutum__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Scutum
trans_list: Scudo
sense:
(constellation) A small autumn constellation of the northern sky, said to resemble a shield. It lies between the constellations of Aquila, Sagittarius, and the tail of Serpens.


lexentry: eng/Scylla__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Scylla
trans_list: Scilla
sense:
A dangerous rock on the Italian coast opposite the whirlpool Charybdis on the coast of Sicily. The passage between Scylla and Charybdis was formerly considered perilous; hence, the saying between Scylla and Charybdis signifies a great peril on either hand.


lexentry: eng/Scythia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Scythia
trans_list: Scizia
sense:
(historical) A region of Central Eurasia in the classical era, encompassing parts of the Pontic steppe, Central Asia, Eastern Europe, inhabited by nomadic Scythians from at least the 11th century BCE to the 2nd century CE.


lexentry: eng/Sea_Peoples__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sea Peoples
trans_list: Popoli del mare
sense:
(historical) A confederacy of seafaring raiders of unknown nationality, who invaded the eastern Mediterranean at the end of the Bronze Age.


lexentry: eng/Sea_of_Marmara__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sea of Marmara
trans_list: Mar di Marmara
sense:
A deep inland sea in north-western Turkey connecting the Black Sea to the Aegean Sea via the straits of Bosphorus and Dardanelles.


lexentry: eng/Sea_of_Okhotsk__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sea of Okhotsk
trans_list: mare di Ochotsk
sense:
A sea between the Kamchatka Peninsula on the east, the Kuril Islands on the southeast, the island of Hokkaidō to the far south, the island of Sakhalin along the west, and a long stretch of eastern Siberian coast along the west and north.


lexentry: eng/Sealand__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sealand
trans_list: Zelanda
sense:
A self-proclaimed micronation (full name: the Principality of Sealand) whose capital is HM Fort Roughs, a former British sea fort.


lexentry: eng/Second_World__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Second World
trans_list: est
sense:
Those countries aligned with the East during the Cold War, particularly in contrast to those aligned with the West (First World).


lexentry: eng/Sedna__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Sedna
trans_list: Sedna
sense:
(astronomy) 90377 Sedna, a trans-Neptunian dwarf planet whose eccentric detached orbit is wholly beyond the Kuiper belt.


lexentry: eng/Seebeck_effect__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Seebeck effect
trans_list: effetto Seebeck
sense:
(physics) the thermodynamic effect by which heat being passed through a thermocouple is converted into electricity


lexentry: eng/Sega__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sega
trans_list: SEGA
sense:
(video games, trademark) A Japanese video game developer and publisher and manufacturer of arcade games and formerly of video game consoles.


lexentry: eng/Seleucid_Empire__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Seleucid Empire
trans_list: impero seleucide
sense:
(historical) A Greek-Macedonian empire created by Seleucus out of the eastern conquests of Alexander the Great and ruled by the Seleucid dynasty (312–63 BCE).


lexentry: eng/Seleucid__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Seleucid
trans_list: seleucidico
sense:
Relating to the Greek-Macedonian dynasty which ruled (312–63 BCE) an empire created by Seleucus out of the eastern conquests of Alexander the Great.


lexentry: eng/Semitism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Semitism
trans_list: ebraismo
sense:
(countable) A word or phrase (construction or idiom) typical of or influenced by a Semitic language such as Arabic, Aramaic or Hebrew. (Compare Romanism, Hebraism.)


lexentry: eng/Semitism__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Semitism
trans_list: ebraismo
sense:
(uncountable, strict sense, rare) Judaism; Jewishness (especially when seen as the thing to which anti-Semitism is opposed).


lexentry: eng/Seneca__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Seneca
trans_list: Seneca
sense:
A Roman cognomen, notably borne by Lucius Annaeus Seneca, a Roman stoic philosopher, dramatist, and statesman.


lexentry: eng/Seoul__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Seoul
trans_list: Seul | Seoul
sense:
TemplateParserError:LuaError, also the historical capital of Korea from 1394 until the country was divided in 1945.


lexentry: eng/September__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: September
trans_list: settembre
sense:
The ninth month of the Gregorian calendar, following August and preceding October. Abbreviations: Sep or Sep., Sept or Sept.


lexentry: eng/Septimania__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Septimania
trans_list: Settimania
sense:
(historical) The western region of the Roman province of Gallia Narbonensis (modern-day south France) that passed under the control of the Visigoths in 462, when it was ceded to their king, Theodoric II.


lexentry: eng/Septuagint__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Septuagint
trans_list: Septuaginta
sense:
An influential Greek translation of the Hebrew Bible produced in Alexandria in the 3rd and 2nd centuries BC.


lexentry: eng/Serbia_and_Montenegro__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Serbia and Montenegro
trans_list: Serbia e Montenegro
sense:
(historical) Former country on the Balkan Peninsula, formerly part of Yugoslavia. It disbanded in 2006.


lexentry: eng/Serbo-Croatian__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Serbo-Croatian
trans_list: serbocroato
sense:
The South Slavic language of which Bosnian, Croatian, Montenegrin and Serbian are literary standards.


lexentry: eng/Serpens__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Serpens
trans_list: Serpente
sense:
(constellation) A large summer constellation of the northern sky said to resemble a snake. It is the only constellation consisting of two parts (Serpens Caput and Serpens Cauda) separated by the constellation Ophiuchus, representing the snake handler Asclepius.


lexentry: eng/Set__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Set
trans_list: Seth
sense:
(Egyptian mythology) An ancient Egyptian god, variously described as the god of chaos, the god of thunder and storms, or the god of destruction.


lexentry: eng/Sextans__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sextans
trans_list: Sestante
sense:
(constellation) A dim spring constellation of the northern sky, said to resemble a sextant. It lies south of the constellation of Leo.


lexentry: eng/Shakespearean__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Shakespearean
trans_list: scespiriano | shakespeariano
sense:
(literature) Of or pertaining to, characteristic of, associated with, or suggestive of William Shakespeare (an English playwright), his works, or his authorship, or the time in which he lived.


lexentry: eng/Shakespearean_sonnet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Shakespearean sonnet
trans_list: sonetto scespiriano | sonetto shakespeariano
sense:
(poetry) A sonnet comprising three quatrains and a final couplet, in iambic pentameter with the rhyme scheme of abab cdcd efef gg.


lexentry: eng/Shanghai__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Shanghai
trans_list: Shanghai
sense:
A major international port including the eastern coast of Shanghai Municipality and the northeastern islands of Zhejiang Province.


lexentry: eng/Shavuot__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Shavuot
trans_list: Pentecoste
sense:
A Jewish holiday that occurs in the spring, a harvest festival, also commemorating the anniversary of the giving of the Ten Commandments to Moses and the Israelites at Mount Sinai.


lexentry: eng/Sherlockian__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sherlockian
trans_list: sherlockiano
sense:
A Sherlock Holmes scholar or fan; one who studies and/or appreciates the works of Sir Arthur Conan Doyle.


lexentry: eng/Sherman_necktie__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sherman necktie
trans_list: cravatta di Sherman
sense:
(US, rail transport, historical, chiefly, in the plural) A segment of rail that has been heated and twisted into a loop, as a means of destroying a railway.


lexentry: eng/Sherpa__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sherpa
trans_list: sherpa
sense:
A member of a particular Himalayan ethnic group living in Nepal and Tibet, known especially as mountaineers.


lexentry: eng/Shibuya__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Shibuya
trans_list: Shibuya
sense:
TemplateParserError:LuaError that is surrounded by (clockwise from north) Shinjuku, Minato, Shinagawa, Meguro, Setagaya, Suginami, and Nakano special wards.


lexentry: eng/Shinto__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Shinto
trans_list: scintoismo | shintoismo
sense:
Formerly the state religion of Japan, a type of animism involving the worship of ancestors and nature spirits.


lexentry: eng/Shrovetide__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Shrovetide
trans_list: carnevale
sense:
The three days immediately preceding Lent; Shrove Sunday, Shrove Monday, and Shrove Tuesday, preceding Ash Wednesday.


lexentry: eng/Siamese_cat__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Siamese cat
trans_list: gatto siamese
sense:
A short-haired breed of domestic cat having blue eyes and pointed coat pattern, that is, a pale body and dark extremities.


lexentry: eng/Siberian_Husky__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Siberian Husky
trans_list: husky siberiano
sense:
(zoology) A medium-sized spitz breed of dog originally used for herding reindeer and pulling sleighs.


lexentry: eng/Siberian_crane__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Siberian crane
trans_list: gru siberiana
sense:
(ornithology) A large white crane, Grus leucogeranus, which breeds in Arctic Russia and western Siberia.


lexentry: eng/Siberian_elm__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Siberian elm
trans_list: olmo siberiano
sense:
A medium-sized bushy tree, of species Ulmus pumila, native to northern and eastern Asia, naturalized in most of North America.


lexentry: eng/Sicilian_Defence__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sicilian Defence
trans_list: difesa siciliana
sense:
A chess opening characterized by the moves 1.e4 c5, in which both the white king's pawn and the black king's bishop's pawn advance two squares as the first moves.


lexentry: eng/Sicilian_Vespers__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sicilian Vespers
trans_list: Vespri siciliani
sense:
A rebellion on the island of Sicily, against the rule of Charles I of Anjou, that began at Easter, 1282.


lexentry: eng/Sicilianism__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Sicilianism
trans_list: sicilianismo
sense:
(philology) A word or phrase identified as being Sicilian (language or Italian dialect), as written in Sicily or by a Sicilian, or as expressive of Sicilian mentality or attitudes.


lexentry: eng/Sicily__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Sicily
trans_list: Sicilia
sense:
(historical) Synonym of Kingdom of Sicily, a former kingdom controlling the island and some of southern Italy in the medieval and early modern period


lexentry: eng/Sicily__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: Sicily
trans_list: Sicilia
sense:
(historical) Synonym of Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, a former kingdom controlling the island and most of southern Italy in the 19th century


lexentry: eng/Sienese__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sienese
trans_list: senese
sense:
Of or pertaining to Siena in central Italy, or its school of painting in the 13th and 14th centuries.


lexentry: eng/Sigurd__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sigurd
trans_list: Sigfrido
sense:
(Norse mythology) The principal hero of the Volsungasaga and of the Elder Edda's Niflung cycle, who slew a dragon.


lexentry: eng/Sikhism__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sikhism
trans_list: sikhismo
sense:
A revealed, monotheistic religion originating in northern India, in the 16th century, through Guru Nanak and his successors.


lexentry: eng/Silesia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Silesia
trans_list: Slesia
sense:
TemplateParserError:LuaError, now chiefly in Poland, with small portions in the Czech Republic and Germany, from early modernity until 1945 predominantly German-speaking with Slavic-speaking minorities (and local majorities).


lexentry: eng/Silicon_Valley__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Silicon Valley
trans_list: Silicon Valley
sense:
(informal) Originally, the region of the San Francisco Bay Area in which there are a high number of industries producing silicon chips; later extended to mean the entire concentration of high-tech businesses in this area.


lexentry: eng/Silk_Road__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Silk Road
trans_list: via della seta
sense:
(historical) An extensive interconnected network of trade routes across Asia, North and Northeast Africa, and Europe, historically used by silk traders.


lexentry: eng/Simplified_Chinese__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Simplified Chinese
trans_list: cinese semplificato
sense:
Chinese written using the forms of Chinese characters introduced by the PRC as script reform. The characters are simplified (with a reduced number of strokes, etc.) compared to their pre-reform shapes.


lexentry: eng/Sindhi__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sindhi
trans_list: sindhi
sense:
An Indo-Aryan language spoken in four main dialects in Pakistan and India. There are around 35 million Sindhi speakers in Sindh سنڌ and more than 40 million throughout the world. Sindhi is written with a modified Arabic script that has 52 letters, and in a modified Devanagari script too.


lexentry: eng/Sinocentrism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sinocentrism
trans_list: sinocentrismo
sense:
(historical) The belief, held by the ancient Chinese, that China was literally the centre of the world.


lexentry: eng/Sinop__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sinop
trans_list: Sinope
sense:
TemplateParserError:LuaError, located at the northernmost point of the southern coast of the Black Sea.


lexentry: eng/Sinophone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sinophone
trans_list: sinofono
sense:
a person who speaks one or more of the Sinitic or Chinese language(s) either natively or by adoption, a Chinese-speaking person.


lexentry: eng/Sisyphus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sisyphus
trans_list: Sisifo
sense:
(Greek mythology) Son of Aeolus and Enarete, and king of Ephyra, as tragic figure doomed eternally to roll a boulder up a hill in Tartarus, a part of Hades.


lexentry: eng/Sjögren's_syndrome__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sjögren's syndrome
trans_list: sindrome di Sjögren
sense:
An autoimmune disorder in which immune cells attack and destroy the exocrine glands that produce tears and saliva.


lexentry: eng/Skolt_Sami__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Skolt Sami
trans_list: sami skolt
sense:
A Finno-Ugric language spoken by 300 people in the area north of the lake Inari in Finland and nearby parts of Russia.


lexentry: eng/Slavic_studies__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Slavic studies
trans_list: slavistica
sense:
(humanities, US) A field of academic study concerned with Slavic areas, Slavic languages, literature, history, and culture.


lexentry: eng/Slavism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Slavism
trans_list: slavismo
sense:
(countable) A linguistic feature of one or more Slavic languages, especially a Slavic idiom or phrasing that appears in a non-Slavic language.


lexentry: eng/Slavonia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Slavonia
trans_list: Slavonia | Schiavonia
sense:
In early modern times: Kingdom of Slavonia, covering north-eastern parts of modern Croatia and region of Syrmia in modern Serbia.


lexentry: eng/Slavophilia__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Slavophilia
trans_list: slavofilismo
sense:
Ideological commitment to maintaining traditional Slavic culture and values and resisting non-Slavic influences (as first formulated in 19th-century imperial Russia).


lexentry: eng/Sleeping_Beauty__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Sleeping Beauty
trans_list: La bella addormentata
sense:
The main character in this story, who is in unbroken slumber under a magical spell, awaiting the kiss of a prince.


lexentry: eng/Slovio__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Slovio
trans_list: slovinzo
sense:
An artificial language based on the Slavic languages and written in either the Latin or Cyrillic script, intended to be readily understandable by speakers of any modern Slavic language.


lexentry: eng/Slytherin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Slytherin
trans_list: Serpeverde
sense:
A person having traits associated with Slytherin house from the Harry Potter series, including ambition, cunning, or an affinity for snakes or the colours green and silver.


lexentry: eng/Smyrna__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Smyrna
trans_list: Smirne
sense:
(chiefly, historical) TemplateParserError:LuaError founded in circa the 11th century BC on the site of the present-day Turkish city of İzmir.


lexentry: eng/Snares_penguin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Snares penguin
trans_list: pinguino delle Snares
sense:
A species of crested penguin, Eudyptes robustus, which breed on The Snares, an island group off South Island, New Zealand.


lexentry: eng/Snoopy__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Snoopy
trans_list: Snoopy
sense:
Charlie Brown's pet beagle in the comic strip Peanuts, by Charles M. Schulz; often representing doggish soulfulness.


lexentry: eng/Snow_White__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Snow White
trans_list: Biancaneve
sense:
A fictional character in the fairy tale Snow-White and Rose-Red, from Schneeweißchen und Rosenrot collected by the Brothers Grimm.


lexentry: eng/Society_of_Jesus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Society of Jesus
trans_list: Compagnia di Gesù
sense:
An order of Roman Catholic clergy, the Jesuits, having a tradition of education, theological scholarship, and missionary work; formed during the 16th century.


lexentry: eng/Sodom__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sodom
trans_list: Sodoma
sense:
(biblical, Quranic) A city in the Middle East which, according to the Bible and Islamic tradition, but not specifically named in the Qur'an, was destroyed by God (along with Gomorrah) for the sins of its inhabitants.


lexentry: eng/Sogdiana__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sogdiana
trans_list: Sogdiana
sense:
An ancient Iranian-speaking civilization of what is today eastern Uzbekistan and western Tajikistan.


lexentry: eng/Solar_System__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Solar System
trans_list: sistema solare
sense:
(astronomy) The Sun and all the heavenly bodies that orbit around it, including the eight planets, their moons, the asteroids, and comets.


lexentry: eng/Sologne__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sologne
trans_list: Sologna
sense:
A natural region between the French departments of Loiret, Loir-et-Cher and Cher, in Centre-Val de Loire, France.


lexentry: eng/Solomon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Solomon
trans_list: Salomone
sense:
(Biblical character) In the Old Testament and Qur'an, a king of Israel famous for his wisdom; father of King Rehoboam and the son of King David.


lexentry: eng/Son_of_Man__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Son of Man
trans_list: figlio dell'uomo
sense:
(Christianity) A Christian title of Jesus Christ, referring to his status as a celestial being who presides as an eschatological judge.


lexentry: eng/Song_of_Songs__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Song of Songs
trans_list: Cantico dei Cantici
sense:
(biblical) The twenty-second book of the Christian Old Testament and the seventeenth book of the Hebrew Bible.


lexentry: eng/Sonoran_Desert__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sonoran Desert
trans_list: deserto di Sonora
sense:
A desert which covers large parts of the southwestern United States in Arizona and California, and of Northwestern Mexico.


lexentry: eng/Sophocles__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sophocles
trans_list: Sofocle
sense:
A Greek dramatic poet (ca. 497 BCE – 405 BCE); Sophocles was one of the three greatest Greek tragedians. In the Athenian dramatic competitions of the Festival of Dionysus, he won more first prizes (around 20) than any other playwright, and placed second in all others he participated in. He is best remembered for his Oedipus Cycle of plays.


lexentry: eng/Sound__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sound
trans_list: Øresund
sense:
The strait that separates Zealand (an island of Denmark) from Scania (part of Sweden); also sometimes called by the Danish name, Øresund.


lexentry: eng/South_America__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: South America
trans_list: America meridionale | Sudamerica | America del sud
sense:
The continent that is the southern part of the Americas. It is east of the Pacific Ocean, west of the Atlantic Ocean, south of North America and north of Antarctica.


lexentry: eng/South_Asia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: South Asia
trans_list: Asia meridionale | Asia del Sud
sense:
All the countries of the Indian subcontinent (principally India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal, and Bhutan) and the Indian Ocean (principally Sri Lanka, Maldives)


lexentry: eng/South_China_Sea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: South China Sea
trans_list: Mar Cinese Meridionale
sense:
The western arm of the Pacific Ocean, between the Asian mainland and Taiwan, Borneo and the Philippines.


lexentry: eng/South_India__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: South India
trans_list: India meridionale
sense:
The southern region of India, comprising the states of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, and Tamil Nadu, as well as the union territories of Lakshadweep and Pondicherry. These regions speak mainly Dravidian languages, and have distinct cuisine and culture.


lexentry: eng/South_Ossetia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: South Ossetia
trans_list: Ossezia del Sud
sense:
A disputed region in the South Caucasus. Formally recognized as a part of Georgia by most countries, but de facto an independent country fully named Republic of South Ossetia, with capital city Tskhinvali.


lexentry: eng/South_Pole__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: South Pole
trans_list: polo sud
sense:
(geography) The Geographic South Pole or Terrestrial South Pole; the point which south is oriented towards, and therefore the southernmost point on Earth (having a latitude of -90°).


lexentry: eng/South_Yemen__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: South Yemen
trans_list: Yemen del Sud
sense:
(historical) A former country in the Middle East from 1967 until 1990; full name People's Democratic Republic of Yemen.


lexentry: eng/South__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: South
trans_list: sud
sense:
(US) The south-eastern states of the United States, including many of the same states as formed the Confederacy.


lexentry: eng/Southeast_Asia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Southeast Asia
trans_list: Sud-est asiatico
sense:
TemplateParserError:LuaError, comprising the territories of Brunei, Cambodia, East Timor, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar (Burma), the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam.


lexentry: eng/Southern_Cross__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Southern Cross
trans_list: Croce del Sud
sense:
(constellation) A distinctive winter constellation of the southern sky, shaped like a cross, which appears in the flags of several countries in Oceania.


lexentry: eng/Southern_Ocean__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Southern Ocean
trans_list: Oceano Australe
sense:
The portion of the World Ocean surrounding Antarctica, variously taken as the waters south of the Antarctic Circle, the waters south of 60° S, or the waters bounded by the Antarctic Convergence.


lexentry: eng/Space_Shuttle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Space Shuttle
trans_list: navetta spaziale
sense:
A space transportation system developed by NASA consisting of a reusable winged orbiter, a set of recoverable booster rockets, and a fuel tank.


lexentry: eng/Spanish_Netherlands__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Spanish Netherlands
trans_list: Paesi Bassi spagnoli
sense:
(plurale tantum, historical) The southern part of the Low Countries (Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg) during and after the Eighty Years' War, ruled by Spain and lasting from 1581 to 1713.


lexentry: eng/Spanish_Road__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Spanish Road
trans_list: Cammino Spagnolo | Cammino di Fiandra
sense:
(historical) A land route which was used from 1567–1620 for military supply and trade, and stretched from northern Italy to the Low Countries.


lexentry: eng/Spanish_influenza__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Spanish influenza
trans_list: influenza spagnola
sense:
(pathology) A form of influenza that spread to nearly every part of the world in a pandemic between 1918 and 1920, killing from 20 to 100 million people.


lexentry: eng/Spartacus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Spartacus
trans_list: Spartaco
sense:
A Thracian name, notably borne by a gladiator who was one of the slave leaders in a major slave uprising against the Roman Republic.


lexentry: eng/Sphinx__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sphinx
trans_list: Sfinge
sense:
(usually, with "the") An ancient, large statue in Egypt, with the face of a man and the body of a lion, lying near the Great Pyramids.


lexentry: eng/Sphinx__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Sphinx
trans_list: Sfinge
sense:
(Greek mythology) One of the many offspring of Typhon and Echidna, a winged lion-like creature with a woman's face, who committed suicide out of frustration after Oedipus managed to solve her riddles.


lexentry: eng/Spidey-sense__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Spidey-sense
trans_list: senso di ragno
sense:
(humorous) An intuitive feeling, usually of something being dangerous or risky; (more generally) instinct, intuition.


lexentry: eng/Spiritism__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Spiritism
trans_list: spiritismo
sense:
A philosophical doctrine, established in France in the mid nineteenth century, postulating that humans are essentially immortal spirits that temporarily inhabit physical bodies, and may have influence on the physical world.


lexentry: eng/Spree__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Spree
trans_list: Sprea
sense:
TemplateParserError:LuaError that flows through Lusatia and into Berlin, where it flows into the Havel.


lexentry: eng/Springtime_of_Nations__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Springtime of Nations
trans_list: primavera dei popoli
sense:
(history, European history) A period, sometimes confounded with the Age of Revolution in Europe and/or the pre-March era (Vormärz) specifically in Germany; variously beginning in 1789 (the French Revolution) or (in Germany) either in 1815 (German Confederation) or 1830 (French July Revolution) and leading up to to the Revolutions of 1848.


lexentry: eng/St._Elmo's_fire__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: St. Elmo's fire
trans_list: fuoco di Sant'Elmo
sense:
An electrical discharge, or corona, seen around pointed objects, caused by ionization of the atmosphere during storms.


lexentry: eng/St._Stephen's_Day__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: St. Stephen's Day
trans_list: Giorno di Santo Stefano | Santo Stefano
sense:
(Christianity) A Christian holiday commemorating Saint Stephen the protomartyr (first Christian martyr; died 34 C.E.), falling immediately after Christmas Day (on December 26 in the Western Church and on December 27 in the Eastern Orthodox Church).


lexentry: eng/St_John's_wort__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: St John's wort
trans_list: iperico
sense:
Any of several plants, of the genus Hypericum, especially Hypericum perforatum, that have yellow flowers and traditionally ward off evil.


lexentry: eng/Stakhanovite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Stakhanovite
trans_list: stacanovista | stakanovista
sense:
(historical) An extremely productive or hard-working worker, especially in the former USSR, who may earn special rewards; a workaholic.


lexentry: eng/Stalin__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Stalin
trans_list: Stalin
sense:
A surname from Russian; usually referring to the Russian [empire, republic] revolutionary and Soviet Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU(b) Joseph Stalin.


lexentry: eng/Standard_Model__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Standard Model
trans_list: modello standard
sense:
(particle physics) A theory about the electromagnetic, weak, and strong nuclear interactions that mediate the dynamics of the known subatomic particles.


lexentry: eng/Star_Wars__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Star Wars
trans_list: Guerre Stellari
sense:
An American epic space opera franchise centered on a film series created by George Lucas in a setting where futuristic technology co-exists with a semi-sentient form of magic/religion called the Force.


lexentry: eng/Star_of_Bethlehem__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Star of Bethlehem
trans_list: stella di Betlemme
sense:
(Biblical) The bright star in the Gospel of Matthew that lead the "wise men from the East" to travel to Bethlehem.


lexentry: eng/Star_of_David__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Star of David
trans_list: stella di David
sense:
A symbol of Jewish identity and Judaism, having the shape of a hexagram, the compound of two equilateral triangles.


lexentry: eng/Start_button__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Start button
trans_list: avviamento
sense:
(computing, GUI) a labeled button in some versions of the Microsoft Windows operating system that opens the Start menu.


lexentry: eng/Stasi__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Stasi
trans_list: Stasi
sense:
(derogatory) People who engage in covert surveillence or similar activities associated with secret police.


lexentry: eng/State_of_Palestine__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: State of Palestine
trans_list: Stato di Palestina
sense:
The country established in West Bank and Gaza Strip, including occupied Palestinian territories and those under the jurisdiction of the Palestinian National Authority.


lexentry: eng/Statue_of_Liberty__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Statue of Liberty
trans_list: Statua della Libertà
sense:
A very large statue in New York harbor, representing the Roman goddess Libertas, and considered emblematic of the United States and its attractiveness to voluntary immigrants.


lexentry: eng/Stendhalian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Stendhalian
trans_list: stendhaliano
sense:
Of, pertaining to, or in the style of French novelist Marie-Henri Beyle (1783–1842), known as Stendhal.


lexentry: eng/Stigmata__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Stigmata
trans_list: stigmate | stimmate
sense:
(religion, Christianity) bodily marks or sores, corresponding in location to the crucifixion wounds of Christ; supposed to occur during states of religious ecstasy or hysteria, and sometimes reported to bleed periodically


lexentry: eng/Stone_Age__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Stone Age
trans_list: età della pietra | Età della pietra
sense:
(archaeology, paleontology) A broad prehistoric period during which humans widely used stone for toolmaking.


lexentry: eng/Stone__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Stone
trans_list: mattone
sense:
(countable) An English occupational and habitational surname from Old English, for someone who lived near a stone worked with stone, from Old English stan.


lexentry: eng/Strabo__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Strabo
trans_list: Strabone
sense:
(63/64 B.C.E. – ca. 24 C.E.) Ancient Greek geographer, philosopher, and historian from Amaseia in Pontus.


lexentry: eng/Stradivarius__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Stradivarius
trans_list: stradivario
sense:
(musical instruments) A stringed instrument built by members of the Stradivari family, particularly Antonio Stradivari.


lexentry: eng/Strait_of_Dover__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Strait of Dover
trans_list: stretto di Dover
sense:
A strait in the English Channel, connecting to the North Sea, between Dover (England) and Calais (France)


lexentry: eng/Strait_of_Magellan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Strait of Magellan
trans_list: stretto di Magellano
sense:
A navigable sea route between the southern coast of Chile and the northern coast of Tierra del Fuego.


lexentry: eng/Strait_of_Messina__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Strait of Messina
trans_list: Stretto di Messina | stretto di Messina
sense:
The narrow section of water between the eastern tip of Sicily and the southern tip of mainland Italy.


lexentry: eng/Strasbourg__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Strasbourg
trans_list: Strasburgo
sense:
TemplateParserError:LuaError; located in the historic region of Alsace, near the border with Germany and at various historical points a part of Germany.


lexentry: eng/Streisand_effect__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Streisand effect
trans_list: effetto Streisand
sense:
A phenomenon in which attempting to suppress an item of information attracts even more unwanted attention, thus furthering its dissemination.


lexentry: eng/Stymphalian_bird__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Stymphalian bird
trans_list: avēs Stymphālides | uccelli del lago Stinfalo
sense:
(Greek mythology) A man-eating bird with a bronze beak and sharp metallic feathers it could launch at its victims, which infested Stymphalus. They were slain by Herakles as part of his sixth Labour, who took advantage of their sensitive sense of hearing.


lexentry: eng/Styria__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Styria
trans_list: Stiria
sense:
(historical) The Duchy of Styria, a duchy within the Holy Roman Empire, located in modern-day southern Austria and northern Slovenia.


lexentry: eng/Suebi__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Suebi
trans_list: Svevi
sense:
A group of Germanic tribes living mostly near Elbe in what is now central Germany around the first century BCE.


lexentry: eng/Sukkot__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sukkot
trans_list: Sukkot
sense:
(Judaism) An ancient biblical / Israelite / Jewish festival lasting seven days, celebrating the autumn harvest and commemorating the passage through the wilderness: observed from the 15th day to the 21 day of the month of Tishrei (Tishri).


lexentry: eng/Sumerogram__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sumerogram
trans_list: sumerogramma
sense:
(linguistics) A Sumerian cuneiform symbol used as a logogram in another language, such as Akkadian or Hittite.


lexentry: eng/Summer_Triangle__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Summer Triangle
trans_list: Triangolo Estivo
sense:
(asterism) A bright asterism of the northern summer sky. Its corners are the three 1st-magnitude stars Altair (α Aql), Deneb (α Cyg), and Vega (α Lyr).


lexentry: eng/Sun__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sun
trans_list: sole | Sole
sense:
The star at the center of the Solar System (our solar system), which shines in our sky, represented in astronomy and astrology by ☉.


lexentry: eng/Sunday__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sunday
trans_list: domenica
sense:
The first day of the week in many religious traditions, and the seventh day of the week in systems using the ISO 8601 standard; the Christian Sabbath; the Lord's Day; it follows Saturday and precedes Monday.


lexentry: eng/Sunday_best__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sunday best
trans_list: indomenicato
sense:
(idiomatic) A person's finest clothing, especially the clothes one reserves to wear to church on Sunday.


lexentry: eng/Sunni_Islam__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sunni Islam
trans_list: sunnismo
sense:
(Islam) The largest branch of Islam, followed by around 1.7 billion people, whose adherents believe that Muhammad died without appointing a successor, leading to the election of Abu Bakr as the legitimate leader of the Muslim community.


lexentry: eng/Sunni__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Sunni
trans_list: sunnita
sense:
Belonging or relating to the branch of Islam based on the Qur'an, the Kutub al-Sittah (the hadiths which record the Sunnah) and that places emphasis on the Sahabah.


lexentry: eng/Superman__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Superman
trans_list: Superman
sense:
A fictional comic-book superhero with superhuman strength and speed, X-ray vision, and the ability to fly. [from 1933.]


lexentry: eng/Suprematism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Suprematism
trans_list: suprematismo
sense:
(arts) A genre of abstract art based on simple geometric forms championed by the Russian avant-garde in the early twentieth century.


lexentry: eng/Supreme_Leader__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Supreme Leader
trans_list: Guida suprema
sense:
The head of state and commander-in-chief of the entire armed forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran, with the authority to dismiss the Iranian president. The Supreme Leader is also the highest-ranking spiritual leader in Iran.


lexentry: eng/Svetovid__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Svetovid
trans_list: Svetovit
sense:
The chief god of the Slavic tribe of Rani and the Polabian Slavs, ruling over war, fertility, and prosperity.


lexentry: eng/Swadesh_list__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Swadesh list
trans_list: lista di Swadesh
sense:
(linguistics) One of the lists of vocabulary with universal test meanings/concepts developed by Morris Swadesh in the 1950-70s.


lexentry: eng/Swahili__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Swahili
trans_list: swahili
sense:
An agglutinative language of the Bantu branch widely spoken in East Africa. Born in its modern form from the hybridization of the Arabic and Bantu cultures, it was the language of the traders in East Africa, and spread along the routes of trade.


lexentry: eng/Swazi__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Swazi
trans_list: swati
sense:
A Bantu language primarily spoken in Swaziland/Eswatini and the South African regions adjacent to it.


lexentry: eng/Swedenborgian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Swedenborgian
trans_list: swedenborgiano
sense:
Of or pertaining to Emanuel Swedenborg (born Emanuel Swedberg in 1688), Swedish scientist, philosopher, Christian mystic and theologian.


lexentry: eng/Swedish__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Swedish
trans_list: svedese
sense:
The language of Sweden and Åland (an autonomous part of Finland). Swedish is also one of the two official languages of Finland, spoken by 6% of the citizens. A very small minority in Estonia has Swedish as their mother tongue.


lexentry: eng/Swiss_Army_knife__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Swiss Army knife
trans_list: coltellino svizzero
sense:
Any of a class of multi-function pocket knives or multitools, having a blade and various tools, such as screwdrivers and can openers.


lexentry: eng/Swiss_roll__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Swiss roll
trans_list: dolce arrotolato
sense:
A type of sponge cake rolled up into a cylinder, typically but not exclusively with jam or chocolate filling.


lexentry: eng/Sydney__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Sydney
trans_list: Sydney
sense:
(uncountable) TemplateParserError:LuaError, now part of the amalgamated Cape Breton Regional Municipality on Cape Breton Island.


lexentry: eng/Synoptic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Synoptic
trans_list: sinottico
sense:
Relating to the first three Gospels of the New Testament — Matthew, Mark, and Luke — which are similar in style and content.


lexentry: eng/Syr_Darya__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Syr Darya
trans_list: Syr Darya
sense:
TemplateParserError:LuaError, running parallel to the Amu Darya. Known in classical times as Jaxartes.


lexentry: eng/Syracusan__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Syracusan
trans_list: siracusano
sense:
Of or belonging to Syracuse, a city in Sicily, Italy, or of the city of Syracuse in central New York State.


lexentry: eng/T-bar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: T-bar
trans_list: balestra
sense:
(skiing) A type of ski lift where skiers/snowboarders are dragged up the ski run while they slide along on their skis/snowboards on the slope. They hang onto a T-shaped bar, a crossbar handle and a lead shaft linking to the drive cable.


lexentry: eng/T-beam__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: T-beam
trans_list: profilato a T
sense:
(construction, mechanical engineering) A structural member with a cross section shaped like the letter T.


lexentry: eng/T-shirt__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: T-shirt
trans_list: maglietta
sense:
A lightweight shirt without buttons, usually with short sleeves and no collar. Often made of cotton and frequently bears a picture or slogan.


lexentry: eng/T-square__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: T-square
trans_list: ti
sense:
A rule with a short perpendicular crosspiece at one end, used by draughtsmen to draw parallel lines.


lexentry: eng/Tacitus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tacitus
trans_list: Tacito
sense:
A Roman cognomen, notably borne by Publius (or Gaius) Cornelius Tacitus (c.56–117), a historian of ancient Rome and Marcus Claudius Tacitus (c.200–275), a Roman emperor.


lexentry: eng/Taiwan_Strait__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Taiwan Strait
trans_list: stretto di Formosa | stretto di Taiwan
sense:
The strait dividing mainland Asia (China) from Taiwan island and connecting the East and South China Seas.


lexentry: eng/Taj_Mahal__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Taj Mahal
trans_list: Taj Mahal
sense:
A monument located in Agra, India, constructed between 1631 and 1654, considered one of the finest examples of Mughal architecture in the world.


lexentry: eng/Tajik__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tajik
trans_list: tagiko
sense:
Of, from, or pertaining to Tajikistan, the Tajik people (living in Tajikistan and Afghanistan) or the Tajiki dialect of Persian.


lexentry: eng/Talmud__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Talmud
trans_list: Talmud
sense:
A collection of Jewish writings related to the practical application of Judaic law and tradition (may refer to either the Babylonian Talmud or the shorter Jerusalem Talmud).


lexentry: eng/Tamil__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Tamil
trans_list: tamil
sense:
(uncountable) A Dravidian language spoken in the state of Tamil Nadu, India and in Sri Lanka, Singapore, Malaysia.


lexentry: eng/Tanganyika__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Tanganyika
trans_list: Tanganika
sense:
A former British mandate and territory and, between 1961 and 1964, an independent country in East Africa.


lexentry: eng/Tantalus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tantalus
trans_list: Tantalo
sense:
(Greek mythology) A Phrygian king who was condemned to remain in Tartarus, chin-deep in water, with fruit-laden branches hanging above his head; whenever he tried to drink or eat, the water and fruit receded out of reach.


lexentry: eng/Taoism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Taoism
trans_list: taoismo
sense:
A Chinese mystical philosophy traditionally founded by Lao-tzu in the 6th century B.C.E. that teaches conformity to the tao by unassertive action and simplicity.


lexentry: eng/Tartarus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tartarus
trans_list: Tartaro
sense:
(Greek mythology, Roman mythology) A dark and gloomy part of the realm of Hades, reserved for the damned and the wicked, such as the Titans; an equivalent of hell in Greek and Roman mythology.


lexentry: eng/Tasmania__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tasmania
trans_list: Tasmania
sense:
TemplateParserError:LuaError, consisting of one large, eponymous and several much smaller islands, off the eastern part of Australia's south coast, having its capital at Hobart.


lexentry: eng/Tasmania__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Tasmania
trans_list: Tasmania
sense:
TemplateParserError:LuaError comprising the majority of the state of Tasmania's land area and on which most of its inhabitants live.


lexentry: eng/Tasmanian_devil__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tasmanian devil
trans_list: diavolo della Tasmania
sense:
A medium-sized carnivorous marsupial (Sarcophilus harrisii) found exclusively on the island of Tasmania.


lexentry: eng/Tatar__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tatar
trans_list: tataro
sense:
An agglutinative language belonging to the Altai group of Turkic languages. It is an official language of Tatarstan. There are some eight million speakers spread across Eastern Europe, Russia and Central Asia.


lexentry: eng/Taurus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Taurus
trans_list: Toro
sense:
(zodiac constellations) : A constellation of the zodiac supposedly shaped like a bull and containing the star Aldebaran.


lexentry: eng/Taurus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Taurus
trans_list: Toro
sense:
(astrology) : The zodiac sign for the bull, ruled by Venus and covering April 21 - May 21 (tropical astrology) or May 16 - June 15 (sidereal astrology).


lexentry: eng/Taurus__Proper_noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Taurus
trans_list: Tauro
sense:
TemplateParserError:LuaError, almost 4000 metres high and running parallel to the Mediterranean coast


lexentry: eng/Taylor_series__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Taylor series
trans_list: serie di Taylor
sense:
(calculus) A power series representation of given infinitely differentiable function \textstyle f whose terms are calculated from the function's arbitrary order derivatives at given reference point \textstyle a; the series \textstyle f(a)+\frac {f'(a)}{1!} (x-a)+ \frac{f(a)}{2!} (x-a)^2+\frac{f(a)}{3!}(x-a)^3+ \cdots = \sum_{n=0} ^ {\infty} \frac {f^{(n)}(a)}{n!} (x-a)^{n}.


lexentry: eng/Taylorism__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Taylorism
trans_list: taylorismo
sense:
Scientific management; a theory of management of the early 20th century that analyzed workflows in order to improve efficiency, originally developed by Frederick Winslow Taylor.


lexentry: eng/Tchaikovsky__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tchaikovsky
trans_list: Čajkovskij
sense:
A transliteration of the Russian surname Чайко́вский (Čajkóvskij), usually applying to Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky.


lexentry: eng/Telescopium__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Telescopium
trans_list: Telescopio
sense:
(constellation) A small faint constellation of the southern winter sky, said to resemble a telescope. It lies south of the constellation of Corona Australis.


lexentry: eng/Telesphoros__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Telesphoros
trans_list: Telesforo
sense:
(Greek god) A god/personification of recuperation from illness or injury. He is a healer and a son of Asclepius and Epione.


lexentry: eng/Teletext__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Teletext
trans_list: teletext
sense:
(UK, Ireland) A text-based information retrieval system using television sets with a suitable decoder; developed by the BBC.


lexentry: eng/Temple__Proper_noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Temple
trans_list: tempio
sense:
(Judaism, Christianity, historical) Any of the former chief temples to YHWH in Jerusalem, particularly Solomon's Temple.


lexentry: eng/Temple__Proper_noun__2
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Temple
trans_list: tempio
sense:
Either of two of the Inns of Court in London (the Inner Temple and the Middle Temple), built on a site once occupied by the Knights Templar.


lexentry: eng/Ten_Commandments__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ten Commandments
trans_list: decalogo | dieci comandamenti | Decalogo
sense:
(religion) A particular list of religious and moral imperatives which, according to the Old Testament of the Bible or the Hebrew Bible, were twice given or dictated by God to Moses on Mount Sinai and inscribed on two stone tablets.


lexentry: eng/Tengrism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tengrism
trans_list: tengrismo
sense:
A Central Asian religion characterized by features of shamanism, animism, totemism, both polytheism and monotheism, and ancestor worship. It was the state religion of the six ancient Turkic states.


lexentry: eng/Terpander__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Terpander
trans_list: Terpandro
sense:
An Ancient Greek name, particularly borne by a Greek poet and citharede of Antissa in Lesbos who lived about the first half of the 7th century BC.


lexentry: eng/Terpsichore__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Terpsichore
trans_list: Tersicore
sense:
(Greek god) The goddess of dance and the dramatic chorus, and one of the Muses; the daughters of Zeus & Mnemosyne.


lexentry: eng/Tertiary__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tertiary
trans_list: terziario
sense:
(geology) Of or pertaining to the first part of the Cenozoic era when modern flora and mammals appeared.


lexentry: eng/Tetragrammaton__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tetragrammaton
trans_list: tetragramma
sense:
The four Hebrew letters יהוה (in transliteration, YHWH or JHVH) used as the ineffable name of God in the Hebrew Bible, variously transliterated as Yahweh or Jehovah.


lexentry: eng/Tetris__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tetris
trans_list: Tetris
sense:
A puzzle video game in which falling tetrominoes must be manipulated to form complete lines, which are then cleared from the grid.


lexentry: eng/Teutonic_Knights__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Teutonic Knights
trans_list: Cavalieri Teutonici | Ordine Teutonico
sense:
A German religious order founded in the late 12th century and known for conquering the Baltic Prussians and bringing Prussia under German control; the order exists today as a charitable organisation.


lexentry: eng/Texas__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: Texas
trans_list: Texas
sense:
(historical) a sovereign state in North America that existed from March 2, 1836, to February 19, 1846


lexentry: eng/Thatcherism__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Thatcherism
trans_list: thatcherismo
sense:
(UK politics) The political ideology attributed to the governments of British prime minister Margaret Thatcher (1979–1990), characterised by, among other things, a free market economy, privatisation, low taxation, austerity and opposition to unionisation.


lexentry: eng/The_Call_of_South_Africa__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: The Call of South Africa
trans_list: La chiamata del Sud-Africa
sense:
a former national anthem of South Africa, created during the 1920s and used from the 1930s to the 1990s.


lexentry: eng/The_Game__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: The Game
trans_list: gioco
sense:
A mind game where the objective is to avoid thinking about "The Game", and by thinking about it one loses, and subsequently has to announce one's loss to the world in order to make them lose.


lexentry: eng/The_Hague__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: The Hague
trans_list: L'Aia | L’Aia
sense:
(figuratively, by extension, sometimes, _, hyperbolic) Punishment for a very destructive, harmful or immoral act.


lexentry: eng/Thebes__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Thebes
trans_list: Tebe
sense:
TemplateParserError:LuaError, the capital city of Boeotia and an important political centre in antiquity.


lexentry: eng/Thebes__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Thebes
trans_list: Tebe
sense:
An ancient city and archaeological site in Upper Egypt, having functioned as capital city at times during the Middle Kingdom and New Kingdom.


lexentry: eng/Theophany__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Theophany
trans_list: teofania
sense:
One of the Great Feasts of the Eastern Orthodox Church, commemorating the revelation of Jesus' divinity, especially in his baptism by John the Baptist.


lexentry: eng/Theotokos__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Theotokos
trans_list: Teotoca | Teotoco
sense:
(Christianity, chiefly, _, Orthodoxy) Synonym of Mary, mother of Jesus, in particular reference to her role giving birth to God.


lexentry: eng/Thermidor__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Thermidor
trans_list: termidoro
sense:
(historical) The eleventh month of the French Republican Calendar, from July 19 or 20 to August 17 or 18.


lexentry: eng/Thessalonians__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Thessalonians
trans_list: Tessalonicesi
sense:
(biblical) Books in the New Testament of the Bible (1 Thessalonians and 2 Thessalonians), epistles to the Christians in ancient Thessaloniki.


lexentry: eng/Thessaly__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Thessaly
trans_list: Tessaglia
sense:
TemplateParserError:LuaError; one of its 13 peripheries. It contains the prefectures of Karditsa, Larissa, Magnesia and Trikala.


lexentry: eng/Third_World__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Third World
trans_list: terzo mondo
sense:
(attributive, pejorative, informal) Any developing country, or a country lacking the perceived rudiments of civilization.


lexentry: eng/Thor__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Thor
trans_list: Thor
sense:
(Norse mythology) A hammer-wielding god associated with thunder, lightning, storms, sacred groves and trees, strength, and the protection of mankind.


lexentry: eng/Thoth__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Thoth
trans_list: Theuth | Thot | Thoth | Toth
sense:
The ancient Egyptian moon god of wisdom, learning, and magic, usually depicted as an ibis or baboon.


lexentry: eng/Thrace__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Thrace
trans_list: Tracia
sense:
A historical and geographic area in southeast Europe, now divided between Greece, Bulgaria and Turkey.


lexentry: eng/Thucydides__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Thucydides
trans_list: Tucidide
sense:
(c. 460 BCE – c. 395 BCE) A great ancient Greek historian and author of the History of the Peloponnesian War, which recounts the 5th century BCE war between Sparta and Athens to the year 411 BCE.


lexentry: eng/Thursday__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Thursday
trans_list: giovedì
sense:
The fifth day of the week in many religious traditions, and the fourth day of the week in systems using the ISO 8601 norm; it follows Wednesday and precedes Friday.


lexentry: eng/Tiberius__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tiberius
trans_list: Tiberio
sense:
(historical) A en given name of mostly historical use, in particular, the praenomen of the second Roman emperor Tiberius Julius Caesar Augustus, reigning 14-37 C.E..


lexentry: eng/Tibet__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tibet
trans_list: Tibet
sense:
The Tibetan Plateau, a plateau region in Central Asia, where the Tibetan people traditionally live, encompassing what is now Tibet Autonomous Region (also called Xizang), most of Qinghai, the western half of Sichuan, a small part of Yunnan and a small part of Gansu in the People's Republic of China, and also the country of Bhutan, and the Indian regions of Sikkim and Ladakh.


lexentry: eng/Tibetan_Buddhism__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tibetan Buddhism
trans_list: lamaismo
sense:
The body of Buddhist religious doctrine and institutions characteristic of Tibet, Mongolia, Tuva, Bhutan, Kalmykia, Buryatia and certain regions of the Himalayas, including northern Nepal, and India.


lexentry: eng/Tibetan_Mastiff__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tibetan Mastiff
trans_list: mastino tibetano
sense:
A large dog of a breed from Central Asia, having a medium to long double coat in a wide variety of colors, sometimes with white markings around neck, chest, and legs.


lexentry: eng/Tibetan_fox__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tibetan fox
trans_list: volpe tibetana
sense:
Vulpes ferrilata, a species of true fox endemic to the high Tibetan Plateau in Nepal, China, and India


lexentry: eng/Tigris__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tigris
trans_list: Tigri
sense:
A river in Southwest Asia flowing 1,150 miles east-southeast from the Armenian Highland in Turkey through Iraq. It forms the eastern edge of classical Mesopotamia. It unites with the Euphrates River to form the Shatt al-Arab before flowing into the Persian Gulf.


lexentry: eng/Tironian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tironian
trans_list: tironiano
sense:
Of or pertaining to Marcus Tullius Tiro (died circa 4 BCE), scribe of Cicero and inventor of an early shorthand.


lexentry: eng/Tisiphone__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tisiphone
trans_list: Tisifone
sense:
(Greek god, Roman god) One of the Erinyes/Dirae (Furies, the goddesses of vengeance), and a companion of Nemesis/Invidia.


lexentry: eng/Titan__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Titan
trans_list: Titano
sense:
(mythology) Any of the race of giant gods in Greek mythology that preceded and was overthrown by the Olympian gods.


lexentry: eng/Titoism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Titoism
trans_list: titoismo
sense:
The political ideas or policies associated with Josip Broz Tito; in particular, an adaptation of Marxist-Leninist ideology, characterized by experiments with workers’ self-management instead of central planning and a foreign policy of independence from both the Soviet and Western blocs.


lexentry: eng/Tobias__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tobias
trans_list: Tobia
sense:
The main character in the Book of Tobit, regarded as apocryphal by most Protestants (Biblical character).


lexentry: eng/Tobit__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tobit
trans_list: Tobia
sense:
(biblical character) A book of the Catholic and Eastern Orthodox canon of the Old Testament, considered apocryphal by Protestants.


lexentry: eng/Toblerone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Toblerone
trans_list: Toblerone
sense:
A Swiss chocolate bar with honey, nougat and almonds, shaped like a triangular prism with triangular wedge-shaped pieces.


lexentry: eng/Tocharian__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tocharian
trans_list: tocario
sense:
(linguistics) An extinct branch of the Indo-European language family, consisting of two languages, Tocharian A and Tocharian B, written in an abugida derived from Brahmi.


lexentry: eng/Tollund_Man__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tollund Man
trans_list: uomo di Tollund
sense:
(archaeology) A bog body found preserved in peat on the Jutland peninsula, Denmark, in 1950; the naturally mummified body of a man believed to have lived in the 5th century BCE during the period characterised in Scandinavia as the pre-Roman Iron Age.


lexentry: eng/Tom_Thumb__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tom Thumb
trans_list: Pollicino
sense:
A fairy-tale character who is the size of a person's thumb; the protagonist and hero of the fairy tale The History of Tom Thumb.


lexentry: eng/Torah__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Torah
trans_list: Torà
sense:
The first five books of the Hebrew Scriptures, attributed to Moses and therefore also known as the Five Books of Moses.


lexentry: eng/Tory__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tory
trans_list: conservatore
sense:
(UK politics) A member or supporter of the Conservative Party, which evolved from Royalist politicians; historically associated with upholding the rights of the monarchy and the privileges of the established Church.


lexentry: eng/Tory__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Tory
trans_list: conservatore
sense:
(Canadian politics) A member or supporter of the Conservative Party of Canada, one of that party's predecessors, or an affiliated provincial political party.


lexentry: eng/Tower_of_Babel__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tower of Babel
trans_list: Torre di Babele
sense:
(biblical) A tower erected at Babel by the descendants of Noah's son Ham to reach the sky, and whose completion God thwarted by making the workers speak different languages so that they were unable to understand one another.


lexentry: eng/Tower_of_London__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tower of London
trans_list: Torre di Londra
sense:
A riverside fortress in London, used as a palace, a prison and now a museum housing the Crown Jewels.


lexentry: eng/Towers__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Towers
trans_list: La Tour
sense:
(jocular) [after a name, typically that of the speaker/writer or publication] the putative palatial address of the named person or corporate entity


lexentry: eng/Traditional_Chinese__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Traditional Chinese
trans_list: cinese tradizionale
sense:
Chinese written using the traditional form of Chinese characters, as opposed to Simplified Chinese (introduced by the PRC as script reform).


lexentry: eng/Transfiguration__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Transfiguration
trans_list: Trasfigurazione di Gesù
sense:
(Christianity) An annual feast day, observed on August 6th (Gregorian) or 19th (Julian), celebrating the miracle when the face of Jesus "shone like the sun" before the apostles.


lexentry: eng/Trappist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Trappist
trans_list: trappista
sense:
A monk or nun of the Order of Cistercians of the Strict Observance (a branch of the Cistercians Roman Catholic religious brotherhood that use a particularly strict interpretation of the Rule of St Benedict).


lexentry: eng/Treasury__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Treasury
trans_list: tesoro
sense:
A government department responsible for the collection, management, and expenditure of public revenue.


lexentry: eng/Triangulum_Australe__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Triangulum Australe
trans_list: Triangolo Australe
sense:
(constellation) A winter constellation of the southern sky, which has three bright stars that form a triangle. It lies north of the constellation Apus, between Ara and Circinus.


lexentry: eng/Triangulum__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Triangulum
trans_list: Triangolo
sense:
(constellation) An autumn constellation of the northern sky whose brightest three stars form a small triangle. The constellation lies near Perseus, between Aries and Andromeda.


lexentry: eng/Triassic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Triassic
trans_list: Triassico
sense:
(geology) A geologic period within the Mesozoic era, comprising lower, middle and upper epochs from about 250 to 200 million years ago.


lexentry: eng/Tridentine__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Tridentine
trans_list: trentino | tridentino
sense:
(Catholicism) Pertaining to the form of Mass promulgated at the Council of Trent, often called the Tridentine Mass.


lexentry: eng/Trinidadian_and_Tobagonian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Trinidadian and Tobagonian
trans_list: trinidadiano
sense:
Of, from, or pertaining to Trinidad and Tobago or to the people or language of that country. Trinidadian.


lexentry: eng/Trinity__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Trinity
trans_list: Trinità
sense:
(Christianity) In Christian belief, the three persons (personae) of the Godhead: Father, Son and Holy Spirit.


lexentry: eng/Trojan_War__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Trojan War
trans_list: guerra di Troia
sense:
(Greek mythology) A mythological decade-long war and siege, ending in the destruction of Troy, which, as described in Homer's Iliad, was waged by a coalition of Achaeans (Greeks) led by King Agamemnon against the Trojans to avenge the abduction of Helen, wife of the Spartan King Menelaus, by Paris, son of the Trojan King Priam.


lexentry: eng/Trojan_horse__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Trojan horse
trans_list: cavallo di Troia
sense:
(Greek mythology) The hollow wooden horse by which the Greeks allegedly gained access to Ilium/Troy during the Trojan War.


lexentry: eng/Tropic_of_Cancer__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tropic of Cancer
trans_list: Tropico del Cancro
sense:
(geography) The parallel of latitude 23°30′north of the equator, marking the northern boundary of the tropics; the sun is directly overhead at the June solstice.


lexentry: eng/Tropic_of_Capricorn__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tropic of Capricorn
trans_list: Tropico del Capricorno
sense:
(geography) The parallel of latitude 23°30′south of the equator, marking the southern boundary of the tropics; the sun is directly overhead at the December solstice.


lexentry: eng/Trotskyism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Trotskyism
trans_list: trotskismo | trotschismo
sense:
The left-wing political philosophy named after and based on the ideas of Leon Trotsky that is characterized by international socialism, opposition to Stalinism, the theory of permanent revolution and the theory of the vanguard party.


lexentry: eng/Trotskyite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Trotskyite
trans_list: trockista
sense:
(derogatory) An advocate of the communist doctrines of Leon Trotsky (born Lev Davidovich Bronstein).


lexentry: eng/Trumpian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Trumpian
trans_list: trumpiano | berlusconiano
sense:
Resembling or pertaining to the philosophy, rhetoric, and style of Donald Trump, President of the United States from 2017 to 2021.


lexentry: eng/Tucana__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tucana
trans_list: Tucano
sense:
(constellation) A spring constellation of the southern sky, said to resemble a toucan. It lies south of the constellations Phoenix and Grus.


lexentry: eng/Tuesday__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tuesday
trans_list: martedì
sense:
The third day of the week in many religious traditions, and the second day of the week in systems that use the ISO 8601 norm; it follows Monday and precedes Wednesday.


lexentry: eng/Turing_machine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Turing machine
trans_list: macchina di Turing
sense:
(computing theory) An abstract computing machine that has a finite number of possible internal states and operates on an infinite memory tape by first reading a symbol from a cell in the tape, and then, deterministically, based on that symbol and the machine’s state, writing a symbol in that cell, moving to a neighboring cell, or changing state.


lexentry: eng/Turkification__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Turkification
trans_list: turchizzazione
sense:
Making something more Turkish; assimilation (of a place, people etc) into a Turkic states or culture; introduction of Turks to an institution etc.


lexentry: eng/Turkish__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Turkish
trans_list: turco | turchesco
sense:
The official language of Turkey, Republic of Cyprus (alongside Greek) and Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus.


lexentry: eng/Turkish_coffee__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Turkish coffee
trans_list: caffè turco
sense:
Coffee prepared by boiling finely powdered roast coffee beans in a pot, possibly with sugar, and serving it into a cup, where the dregs settle.


lexentry: eng/Turkologist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Turkologist
trans_list: turcologo
sense:
A scholar specializing in the languages, history or cultures of Turkic peoples, including for example Turkish, Kazakh, Uzbek, Azerbaijani, Kyrgyz, Uyghur, Tuvan, Altai, Shor, and Karakalpak.


lexentry: eng/Turner_syndrome__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Turner syndrome
trans_list: sindrome di Turner
sense:
(medicine, medical genetics) A particular genetic condition, caused by partially or completely missing an X chromosome (monosomy), that leads to sterility and other issues.


lexentry: eng/Tutankhamun__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tutankhamun
trans_list: Tutankhamon
sense:
Ancient Egyptian pharaoh known for his young age and his tomb, which was preserved intact to the modern age.


lexentry: eng/Twelve_Days_of_Christmas__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Twelve Days of Christmas
trans_list: Dodici giorni di Natale
sense:
The season or time made up of the twelve days between Christmas and Epiphany; Christmas season, Christmas time, Christmastide, Twelvetide. The Christmas season traditionally ended with the feast of the Epiphany on January 6.


lexentry: eng/Twelve_Labours_of_Hercules__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Twelve Labours of Hercules
trans_list: dodici fatiche di Ercole
sense:
(Greek mythology, Roman mythology) Twelve tasks carried out by the Greek hero Herakles (romanized as Hercules) as his penance.


lexentry: eng/Tybi__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tybi
trans_list: Tobi
sense:
The fifth month of the later ancient Egyptian civil calendar and Coptic calendar, corresponding to the first month of the season of Peret. Since 25 BCE, when the calendar was reformed to include leap-days, Tybi has been in roughly January.


lexentry: eng/TypeScript__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: TypeScript
trans_list: TypeScript
sense:
(scripting language) A scripting programming language that is a strongly-typed superset of JavaScript.


lexentry: eng/Typhon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Typhon
trans_list: Tifone
sense:
(Greek mythology) The most powerful and feared of all Greek monsters, having the head, arms, and torso of a man, and his bottom half consisting of countless dragons or serpents. Some stories also say that his hands ended in serpents and that he bears 100 heads. He is shrouded in giant wings, his eyes blaze a white fire, and his arms reach towards the stars.


lexentry: eng/Tyre__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tyre
trans_list: Tiro
sense:
(historical) TemplateParserError:LuaError An ancient sea port and city state of Phoenicia, in present-day Lebanon.


lexentry: eng/Tyrol__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Tyrol
trans_list: Tirolo
sense:
TemplateParserError:LuaError that includes the Austrian state of the same name and the Italian regions of South Tyrol and Trentino.


lexentry: eng/Tyrrhenian_Sea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tyrrhenian Sea
trans_list: Mar Tirreno
sense:
A part of the Mediterranean Sea off the western coast of Italy, bounded by Corsica and Sardinia (west), Tuscany, Lazio, Campania, and Calabria (east), and Sicily (south).


lexentry: eng/Tyrtaeus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tyrtaeus
trans_list: Tirteo
sense:
An Ancient Greek name, particularly borne by a Greek elegiac poet who lived at Sparta about the middle of the 7th century BC.


lexentry: eng/Tübingen__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Tübingen
trans_list: Tubinga
sense:
TemplateParserError:LuaError, on the Neckar, with a famous university; once capital of Würtemberg-Hohenzollern


lexentry: eng/U-turn__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: U-turn
trans_list: inversione di marcia
sense:
(literally) A turn in a vehicle carried out by driving in a semicircle in order to travel in the opposite direction.


lexentry: eng/UAV__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: UAV
trans_list: aeromobile a pilotaggio remoto
sense:
(aviation) Initialism of unmanned aerial vehicle; an unpiloted aircraft capable of controlled, sustained, level flight.


lexentry: eng/URL__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: URL
trans_list: indirizzo
sense:
Initialism of Uniform Resource Locator: the address of a web page, FTP site, audio stream or other Internet resource.


lexentry: eng/USB_adapter__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: USB adapter
trans_list: adattatore USB
sense:
(computing) Any of various network or communications controllers that plug into a USB port of a personal computer.


lexentry: eng/US_Virgin_Islands__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: US Virgin Islands
trans_list: Isole Vergini americane | Isole Vergini statunitensi
sense:
A group of islands in the Caribbean that is a territory of the United States. Official name: Virgin Islands of the United States.


lexentry: eng/Ugaritic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ugaritic
trans_list: ugaritico
sense:
The Northwest Semitic language of the ancient city of Ugarit in Syria. Extinct since 1100 B.C.E., it was written in cuneiform.


lexentry: eng/Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic
trans_list: Repubblica Socialista Sovietica Ucraina
sense:
(historical) The Bolshevik state of Ukraine (1919–91), a constituent republic of the Soviet Union (1922–91).


lexentry: eng/Uncle_Sam__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Uncle Sam
trans_list: Zio Sam
sense:
(colloquial, originally, US) A personification of the United States federal government or (rare) citizens. [from early 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/Unicode__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Unicode
trans_list: Unicode
sense:
(international standards, computing) A series of character encoding standards intended to support the characters used by a large number of the world’s languages.


lexentry: eng/Uniform_Resource_Locator__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Uniform Resource Locator
trans_list: indirizzo
sense:
(computing, Internet) A universal address for resources on the internet, which is most commonly used for websites.


lexentry: eng/Unitarian_Universalism__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Unitarian Universalism
trans_list: unitariani universalisti
sense:
A religion which encourages theological liberalism and an individual search for truth and the adherents of which draw on many different theological sources and have a wide range of beliefs and practices.


lexentry: eng/Unitarian__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: Unitarian
trans_list: unitario
sense:
A member of a political movement advocating a unitary state rather than a federal one, especially the Unitarios of nineteenth century Argentina (known as the Unitarian Party in English).


lexentry: eng/United_Kingdom__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: United Kingdom
trans_list: Regno Unito | Regno Unito di Gran Bretagna e Irlanda del Nord
sense:
A kingdom and sovereign state in Western Europe comprising the four countries of England, Scotland and Wales on the island of Great Britain, and Northern Ireland on the northeastern portion of the island of Ireland since 1922.


lexentry: eng/United_Kingdom_of_Great_Britain_and_Ireland__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
trans_list: Regno Unito di Gran Bretagna e Irlanda
sense:
The official name of the United Kingdom 1801-1927 (before being renamed by the Royal and Parliamentary Titles Act 1927 following the creation of the Irish Free State in 1922).


lexentry: eng/United_Nations_Economic_and_Social_Council__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: United Nations Economic and Social Council
trans_list: Consiglio economico e sociale delle Nazioni Unite
sense:
One of the six principal organs of the United Nations, dedicated to coordinate global economical and social affairs.


lexentry: eng/United_Nations__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: United Nations
trans_list: Nazioni Unite | Organizzazione delle Nazioni Unite
sense:
(singular) An international coalition, founded in 1945 and headquartered in New York City, that aims to promote global co-operation and maintain international order.


lexentry: eng/United_States_of_America__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: United States of America
trans_list: Stati Uniti d'America | Stati Uniti
sense:
TemplateParserError:LuaError, stretching from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean, and including Alaska, Hawaii, and several territories.


lexentry: eng/Universal_Serial_Bus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Universal Serial Bus
trans_list: USB
sense:
(computing) An international standard for interconnecting personal computer devices using simple plugs and sockets and lightweight cables.


lexentry: eng/Upper_Egypt__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Upper Egypt
trans_list: Alto Egitto
sense:
(Egyptology) The part of Ancient Egypt south of Memphis, so named because the Nile flows south to north.


lexentry: eng/Upper_Silesia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Upper Silesia
trans_list: Alta Slesia
sense:
The south-eastern part of Silesia, today mostly within Polish borders with a small strip located in the Czech Republic.


lexentry: eng/Ural_Mountains__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ural Mountains
trans_list: Urali
sense:
a range of mountains in Russia that stretch from the Arctic to the Caspian Sea; traditionally, the border between Europe and Asia


lexentry: eng/Uranus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Uranus
trans_list: Urano
sense:
(Greek mythology) The Greek god who personified the sky and heavens and fathered the Titans. Roman counterpart: Caelus.


lexentry: eng/Urdu__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Urdu
trans_list: urdu
sense:
Modern Standard Urdu, an Indo-Aryan language with native speakers mainly in Pakistan and North India. It is a standardized and Persianized version of Hindustani.


lexentry: eng/Ursa_Major__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ursa Major
trans_list: Orsa maggiore
sense:
(constellation) A large circumpolar constellation of the northern sky, said to resemble a bear. It includes the familiar asterism the Big Dipper and the stars Mizar, Dubhe, and Alkaid.


lexentry: eng/Ursa_Minor__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ursa Minor
trans_list: Orsa minore | Orsa Minore
sense:
(constellation) A circumpolar constellation of the northern sky, said to resemble a bear. It includes the familiar asterism of the Little Dipper and, as part of it, the northern pole star Polaris, as well as Kochab.


lexentry: eng/Usenet__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Usenet
trans_list: usenet
sense:
(Internet) A world-wide distributed discussion system consisting of newsgroups classified hierarchically by subject.


lexentry: eng/Utraquism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Utraquism
trans_list: utraquismo
sense:
(historical, Christianity) The moderate Hussite ideology that the faithful, specifically including laity, should receive Communion under both kinds (sub utraque specie), that is to say, receive both bread and wine during the Eucharist; moderate Hussitism.


lexentry: eng/Valencian_Community__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Valencian Community
trans_list: Comunità Valenciana | Comunità Valenzana | Paese Valenciano | Paese Valenzano | Valencia | Valenza
sense:
TemplateParserError:LuaError located in the eastern part of the Iberian Peninsula. Area: 23,255 sq km (8,979 sq mi). Population (2009): 5,111,706. Historically, a kingdom also including the town of Caudete.


lexentry: eng/Valhalla__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Valhalla
trans_list: Valalla | Valhalla | Walhalla
sense:
(Norse mythology) The home of half of all warriors who died gloriously in battle as well as many of the Æsir.


lexentry: eng/Valsalva_manoeuvre__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Valsalva manoeuvre
trans_list: manovra di Valsalva
sense:
(medicine) A self-administered procedure comprising an attempted exhalation against a closed airway, usually performed by closing one's mouth and pinching one's nose shut while attempting, with moderate force, to expel air.


lexentry: eng/Vandalic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Vandalic
trans_list: vandalo
sense:
The extinct East Germanic language spoken by the Vandals, probably closely related to the Gothic language.


lexentry: eng/Vanir__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Vanir
trans_list: abituato
sense:
The principal deities, as a group, of the Norse pantheon that represent chaos, fertility, and cultivation; opponents of the Æsir.


lexentry: eng/Varangian__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Varangian
trans_list: euforia
sense:
(historical) A member of the ethnically Scandinavian people around the borders of Constantinople in the ninth and tenth centuries.


lexentry: eng/Veda__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Veda
trans_list: veda
sense:
(Hinduism) Any of a large body of texts originating in Ancient India. They form the oldest layer of Sanskrit literature and the oldest sacred texts of Hinduism.


lexentry: eng/Vega__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Vega
trans_list: Vega
sense:
(star) The brightest star in the constellation Lyra; Alpha (α) Lyrae. It forms one corner of the Summer Triangle.


lexentry: eng/Vela__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Vela
trans_list: Vele
sense:
(constellation) A spring constellation of the northern sky, said to resemble the sails of a ship. Until 1763, it was part of a larger constellation, Argo Navis.


lexentry: eng/Velcro__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Velcro
trans_list: velcro
sense:
A fastener consisting of two strips of fabric, one covered with minute fiber hooks and the other with tiny fiber loops, which stick strongly together but can be pulled apart.


lexentry: eng/Vendémiaire__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Vendémiaire
trans_list: vendemmiaio | vendemmiale | vendemmiatore
sense:
(historical) The first month of the French Republican Calendar, starting on the date of the autumnal equinox (September 22, 23 or 24) and ending on October 21, 22 or 23.


lexentry: eng/Venetian_blind__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Venetian blind
trans_list: veneziana
sense:
A blind consisting of overlapping horizontal, flat slats, usually made of metal, vinyl or wood, that can be tilted so as to let in more or less light.


lexentry: eng/Venetic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Venetic
trans_list: lingua venetica | venetico
sense:
An extinct Indo-European language that was spoken in ancient times by the Veneti tribe in the North-Italian Veneto and modern Slovenia, between the Po River delta and the southern fringe of the Alps. It should not be confused with Venetian, a Romance language presently spoken in the same region.


lexentry: eng/Venn_diagram__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Venn diagram
trans_list: diagramma di Eulero-Venn
sense:
(set theory) A diagram representing some sets by contours of closed shapes, such as circles or ellipses (and sometimes also the universal set as a rectangle enclosing all of these shapes), and indicating the relationships between the sets: by overlapping the shapes to show that the corresponding sets have a non-empty intersection, and by possibly (but not necessarily) enclosing all of the sets (which are proper subsets of the universal set) within a universal set (represented typically by a rectangle); such that the total number of simply connected regions is 2^n, where n is the number of depicted sets which are proper subsets of the universal set.


lexentry: eng/Ventôse__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ventôse
trans_list: ventoso
sense:
(historical) The sixth month of the French Republican Calendar, from February 19, 20 or 21 to March 20 or 21.


lexentry: eng/Venus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Venus
trans_list: Venere
sense:
(astronomy) The second planet in the Solar system, named for the goddess; represented in astronomy and astrology by ♀.


lexentry: eng/Venus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Venus
trans_list: Venere
sense:
(Roman god) The goddess of love, beauty, fertility, and sexuality; the Roman counterpart of Aphrodite.


lexentry: eng/Venus_flytrap__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Venus flytrap
trans_list: dionea | venere acchiappamosche | acchiappamosche | pigliamosche
sense:
An insectivorous plant of the savannas of North and South Carolina, Dionaea muscipula; the leaves are hinged and bordered with stiff hairs, and close when an insect alights on them.


lexentry: eng/Veps__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Veps
trans_list: vepso
sense:
The Veps language, spoken by the Vepses, belonging to the Finnic group of the Finno-Ugric languages.


lexentry: eng/Vercingetorix__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Vercingetorix
trans_list: Vercingetorige
sense:
72 BCE–46 BCE, the chieftain of the Arverni, leader of the great Gallic revolt against the Romans in 53–52 BCE.


lexentry: eng/Verona__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Verona
trans_list: Verona
sense:
A city straddling the river Adige in Veneto, northern Italy, and the capital city of the province of the same name.


lexentry: eng/Victory_Day__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Victory Day
trans_list: Giorno della Vittoria
sense:
Any of various public holidays in various countries to commemorate victories in important battles or wars in the countries' history.


lexentry: eng/Vietnam_War__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Vietnam War
trans_list: guerra del Vietnam
sense:
(historical) The war that occurred in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia between 1955 and 1975 between South Vietnam (backed by the United States and SEATO) and North Vietnam aiding the South Vietnamese communist guerrilla army known as the Vietcong (supported by the People's Republic of China and the Soviet Union) for the struggle for total Communist control of Vietnam as one state.


lexentry: eng/Viking__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Viking
trans_list: vichingo
sense:
(historical) Scandinavian/Northern European seafarers, most familiarly raiders and pirates during the Viking age.


lexentry: eng/Virgil__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Virgil
trans_list: Virgilio
sense:
Pūblius Vergilius Marō (70–19 BCE), Roman epic writer from the Augustan period, best known for writing the Aeneid.


lexentry: eng/Virgin_Islands__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Virgin Islands
trans_list: Isole Vergini
sense:
TemplateParserError:LuaError, comprising the British Virgin Islands and the United States Virgin Islands.


lexentry: eng/Virginia_stock__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Virginia stock
trans_list: giuliana de Mahon
sense:
A fragrant flower related to the stock, native to Greece and Albania, but widely grown in gardens elsewhere, Malcolmia maritima.


lexentry: eng/Virgo__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Virgo
trans_list: Vergine
sense:
(zodiac constellations) : A constellation in the zodiac, imagined in the shape of a maiden, that contains the bright binary star Spica.


lexentry: eng/Virgo__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Virgo
trans_list: Vergine
sense:
(astrology) : The zodiac sign for the virgin, ruled by Mercury, that covers August 23 – September 23 (tropical astrology) or September 16 – October 15 (sidereal astrology).


lexentry: eng/Vis__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Vis
trans_list: Lissa
sense:
A town on the eponymous island in the Adriatic Sea in southern Croatia. It has a population of 1,934 residents (as of 2011)


lexentry: eng/Vishnu__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Vishnu
trans_list: Vishnu
sense:
(Hinduism) One of the Trimurti (trinity) in Hindu mythology, and the most popularly venerated god in Hinduism. Vishnu is commonly depicted as being blue in colour and having four arms: with each hand holding either a lotus, a mace, a conch shell or chakram weapon. Vishnu is the Supreme being or Ultimate Reality for Vaishnavas and a manifestation of Brahman in the Advaita or Smarta traditions of Hinduism.


lexentry: eng/Visigoth__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Visigoth
trans_list: visigoto
sense:
Any member of an ancient East Germanic tribe, one branch of the Goths (the Ostrogoths being the other), which participated in several wars with Rome and established a kingdom with Toulouse for its capital.


lexentry: eng/Vladimir__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Vladimir
trans_list: Vladimir
sense:
A transliteration of the Russian male given name Влади́мир (Vladímir), popular throughout the history of Slavic countries and societies.


lexentry: eng/Volans__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Volans
trans_list: Pesce Volante
sense:
(constellation) A small circumpolar constellation of the southern sky, said to resemble a flying fish.


lexentry: eng/Voltairean__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Voltairean
trans_list: volterriano
sense:
(philosophy) Of or pertaining to François-Marie Arouet (1694-1778; pen name "Voltaire"), French writer, essayist, and philosopher known for his wit and defence of civil liberties.


lexentry: eng/Vulcan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Vulcan
trans_list: Vulcano
sense:
(Roman god) The god of volcanoes and fire, especially the forge, also the patron of all craftsmen, especially blacksmiths. The Roman counterpart of Hephaestus.


lexentry: eng/Vulcan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Vulcan
trans_list: Vulcano
sense:
(astronomy, historical) A hypothetical planet proposed in the 19th century to exist in an orbit between Mercury and the Sun. Coined by Jacques Bobinet


lexentry: eng/Vulcan_salute__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Vulcan salute
trans_list: saluto vulcaniano
sense:
A gesture of greeting among Star Trek fans, consisting of a raised hand with the palm forward and the thumb extended, and the fingers parted between the middle finger and ring finger.


lexentry: eng/Vulgar_Latin__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Vulgar Latin
trans_list: latino volgare
sense:
(linguistics, historical) The Latin language as spoken by the Roman people, as opposed to Classical Latin as written in formal literature. Developed into Proto-Romance and descendant languages in the Early Middle Ages.


lexentry: eng/Wadden_Sea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Wadden Sea
trans_list: mare dei Wadden
sense:
A shallow and narrow sea peripheral to the North Sea, situated between the Frisian Islands and the mainland coasts of Denmark, Germany and the Netherlands.


lexentry: eng/Wahhabism__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Wahhabism
trans_list: wahhabismo | wahabismo
sense:
(Islam) A Sunni Islamic fundamentalist reform movement based on the teachings of Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab (c. 1703–1792), followed primarily in Saudi Arabia and Qatar.


lexentry: eng/Waldense__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Waldense
trans_list: valdese
sense:
(historical, Christianity) A member of a sect of dissenters from the ecclesiastical system of the Roman Catholic Church, who in the 13th century were driven by persecution to the valleys of Piedmont.


lexentry: eng/Wall-Sun-Sun_prime__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Wall-Sun-Sun prime
trans_list: primo di Wall-Sun-Sun
sense:
(number theory) A (hypothetical) prime number p such that p^2 divides F_{\pi(p)}, where F_n is the Fibonacci sequence and \pi(p) is the pth Pisano period (the period length of the Fibonacci sequence reduced modulo p).


lexentry: eng/Wallonia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Wallonia
trans_list: Vallonia
sense:
Federal Region of southern Belgium where French and German are the official languages, and where Lorrain, Luxembourgish, Picard, Franconian and Walloon languages are also spoken.


lexentry: eng/Walloon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Walloon
trans_list: vallone
sense:
An inhabitant of Wallonia, of Belgian nationality, nowadays generally French-speaking, but also possibly German-speaking.


lexentry: eng/Walloon__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Walloon
trans_list: vallone
sense:
An inhabitant of the region of southern Belgium and northern France (around Givet), usually of Belgian nationality.


lexentry: eng/Walloon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Walloon
trans_list: vallone
sense:
The Romance language commonly spoken until the middle of the 20th century in parts of southern Belgium and northern France (around Givet).


lexentry: eng/Walpurgis_night__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Walpurgis night
trans_list: Notte di Valpurga
sense:
Walpurgisnacht ("Walpurga's night"), a feast of witchcraft in German folklore, observed on 30 April.


lexentry: eng/Wandering_Jew__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Wandering Jew
trans_list: ebreo errante
sense:
A Jewish shoemaker who, in Christian tradition, taunted Jesus Christ on the way to his (Jesus') crucifixion and for that was condemned to wander the Earth until Jesus' return (ie. the second coming).


lexentry: eng/Wanderwort__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Wanderwort
trans_list: parola viaggiante
sense:
(linguistics) A loanword that has spread to many different languages, often through trade or the adoption of foreign cultural practices.


lexentry: eng/War_of_the_Sicilian_Vespers__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: War of the Sicilian Vespers
trans_list: guerre del Vespro
sense:
(historical) A war between the Crowns of Aragon and Angevin which was triggered by the Sicilian Vespers rebellion of 1282 and resulted in the division of the Kingdom of Sicily, with Aragon taking the island while Angevin retained the peninsular territories.


lexentry: eng/Waray-Waray__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Waray-Waray
trans_list: waray-waray
sense:
(linguistics) A central Philippine Visayan language from the islands of Samar, Biliran, and northeast Leyte.


lexentry: eng/Warholian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Warholian
trans_list: warholiano
sense:
(art) Of or pertaining to Andy Warhol (Andrew Warhola, 1928–1987), American painter, printmaker and filmmaker, or his style or works.


lexentry: eng/Warner__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Warner
trans_list: Guarnieri | Guarnierio | Irnerio | Varnerio
sense:
A surname originating as a patronymic derived from a medieval given name, from Germanic war, warin "cautious; heedful; wary; watchful" + her, heri "army", modern German Werner.


lexentry: eng/Warsaw_Pact__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Warsaw Pact
trans_list: Patto die Varsavia
sense:
(international law) A pact (long-term alliance treaty) signed on May 14, 1955 in Warsaw by the Soviet Union and its Communist military allies in Europe.


lexentry: eng/Warsaw_Uprising__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Warsaw Uprising
trans_list: rivolta di Varsavia
sense:
(historical) a major World War II operation, in the summer of 1944, by the Polish underground resistance, led by the Home Army, to liberate Warsaw from German occupation.


lexentry: eng/Washington,_D.C.__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Washington, D.C.
trans_list: Washington
sense:
TemplateParserError:LuaError, formally known as the District of Columbia. Abbreviated as D.C. or DC.


lexentry: eng/Watergate__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Watergate
trans_list: scandalo Watergate
sense:
An American political scandal (beginning with a burglary in the Watergate Hotel in Washington, DC, in 1972) that eventually led to the resignation of US President Richard Nixon.


lexentry: eng/Way_of_the_Cross__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Way of the Cross
trans_list: Via Crucis
sense:
A series of pictures or statues depicting the Stations of the Cross, as laid out around a church, along a road etc.


lexentry: eng/Weberian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Weberian
trans_list: weberiano
sense:
(sociology, economy) Of or relating to Max Weber (1864–1920), influential German sociologist and political economist.


lexentry: eng/Wednesday__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Wednesday
trans_list: mercoledì
sense:
The fourth day of the week in many religious traditions, and the third day of the week in systems using the ISO 8601 norm; it follows Tuesday and precedes Thursday.


lexentry: eng/Weimar_Republic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Weimar Republic
trans_list: Repubblica di Weimar
sense:
(history) The democratic regime of Germany from 1919 to the assumption of power by Adolf Hitler in 1933.


lexentry: eng/Weimar__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Weimar
trans_list: Weimar
sense:
The period in German history from 1919 to 1933, when the nation was under a constitution drafted in the city of Weimar.


lexentry: eng/Wellington__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Wellington
trans_list: Wellington
sense:
(card games) In the game of nap, a bid that results in the bidder winning quadruple, or losing double, the amount staked.


lexentry: eng/Wellington_boots__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Wellington boots
trans_list: stivale di gomma
sense:
(British) Waterproof rubber boots, intended to be worn in wet or muddy conditions. Short forms: wellies (singular welly or wellie)


lexentry: eng/Wernicke's_area__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Wernicke's area
trans_list: area di Wernicke
sense:
(anatomy) The posterior section of the superior temporal gyrus in the dominant cerebral hemisphere, one of two parts of the cerebral cortex linked with speech (the other being Broca's area).


lexentry: eng/Weser__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Weser
trans_list: Weser
sense:
TemplateParserError:LuaError, the longest entirely in the country, flowing north from south Lower Saxony into the North Sea.


lexentry: eng/West_Asia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: West Asia
trans_list: Asia occidentale
sense:
The westernmost region of Asia, which includes Anatolia, the Arabian Peninsula, Iran, the Levant, Mesopotamia, the Sinai Peninsula, and Transcaucasia.


lexentry: eng/West_Bank__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: West Bank
trans_list: Cisgiordania
sense:
A Palestinian territory on the west bank of the Jordan river, claimed by both Israel and the State of Palestine.


lexentry: eng/West_Flemish__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: West Flemish
trans_list: fiammingo occidentale
sense:
From or relating to West Flanders, the westernmost Belgian province, in the western part of the historic countship of Flanders


lexentry: eng/West_Flemish__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: West Flemish
trans_list: fiammingo occidentale
sense:
A group of Flemish dialects of the Dutch language in the western part of the historic countship of Flanders (now in Belgium and France)


lexentry: eng/West_Frisian__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: West Frisian
trans_list: frisone occidentale
sense:
A language spoken mostly in the province of Friesland, in the north of the Netherlands; one of the Frisian languages (or language varieties).


lexentry: eng/West_Germany__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: West Germany
trans_list: Germania Ovest
sense:
(since 1990) The former areas of the Republic during that time, distinguished from the former East German areas.


lexentry: eng/West_Slavic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: West Slavic
trans_list: Slavo occidentale
sense:
A subgrouping of the Slavic language family spoken mainly in Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Lusatia (a small area in Germany).


lexentry: eng/West_Yorkshire__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: West Yorkshire
trans_list: West Yorkshire | Yorkshire occidentale
sense:
(from 1974) TemplateParserError:LuaError bordering Derbyshire, South Yorkshire, North Yorkshire, Lancashire and Greater Manchester.


lexentry: eng/Westcentrism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Westcentrism
trans_list: occidentalocentrismo
sense:
The practice of viewing the world from a Western perspective, with an implied belief, either consciously or subconsciously, in the preeminence of Western culture.


lexentry: eng/Western_Armenian__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Western Armenian
trans_list: armeno occidentale
sense:
One of the two standardized forms of the modern Armenian language, the other being Eastern Armenian. Following the Genocide of Armenians of 1915, it is now spoken by the descendants of Armenian survivors from the Ottoman Empire fleeing to Armenian diaspora, mainly in North America and South America, Europe and most of the Middle East except for Iran.


lexentry: eng/Western_Hemisphere__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Western Hemisphere
trans_list: emisfero occidentale
sense:
The hemisphere of the Earth to the west of the Greenwich Meridian (zero degree longitude) and east of 180 degrees longitude (approximately the International Date Line).


lexentry: eng/Western_Wall__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Western Wall
trans_list: Muro Occidentale | Muro del Pianto
sense:
(Judaism) An ancient wall on the western side of the Temple Mount in Jerusalem, remnant of the Jewish Second Temple. It is the holiest site in Judaism.


lexentry: eng/Western__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Western
trans_list: ovest
sense:
Of or pertaining to a certain genre of film, television, literature, and so on, dealing with the American Old West.


lexentry: eng/Westernism__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Westernism
trans_list: occidentalismo
sense:
(historical) An 19th-century intellectual ideology which saw Russia's development as dependent upon the adoption of Western European technology and liberal government.


lexentry: eng/Westminster_Abbey__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Westminster Abbey
trans_list: Abbazia di Westminster
sense:
A large Gothic church, on the scale of a cathedral, next to the Houses of Parliament in London; the traditional place of coronation and burial of English monarchs.


lexentry: eng/Westphalia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Westphalia
trans_list: Westfalia
sense:
(politics) Westfalen, a subdivision (“Landschaftsverband”) of the state of North Rhine-Westphalia in Germany.


lexentry: eng/Wi-Fi__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Wi-Fi
trans_list: wi-fi
sense:
(networking, uncountable) Any of several standards for short-range wireless data transmission (IEEE 802.11).


lexentry: eng/Wicca__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Wicca
trans_list: magia
sense:
A neopagan religion that was first popularized by books written in 1949, 1954, and 1959 by Englishman Gerald Gardner, involving the worship of a horned male god and a moon goddess, the observance of eight Sabbats, and the performance of various rituals.


lexentry: eng/Wiimote__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Wiimote
trans_list: Wiimote
sense:
(video games, informal) The Wii Remote, the primary controller for the Nintendo Wii game console, noted for its motion-sensing capabilities.


lexentry: eng/Wikipedian__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Wikipedian
trans_list: wikipediano | wikipediana
sense:
(WMF) A person who contributes to Wikipedia, especially a regular contributor versed in the ways of the website.


lexentry: eng/Wiktionarian__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Wiktionarian
trans_list: wiktionarista
sense:
(Wikimedia jargon) A person who contributes to Wiktionary, especially a regular contributor versed in the ways of the site.


lexentry: eng/Wiktionary__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Wiktionary
trans_list: Wikizionario
sense:
A particular version of this dictionary project, written in a certain language, such as the English-language Wiktionary (often known simply as the English Wiktionary).


lexentry: eng/Wild_West__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Wild West
trans_list: Far West
sense:
(historical) The western United States during the 19th-century era of settlement, commonly believed to be lawless and unruly.


lexentry: eng/Winnie_the_Pooh__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Winnie the Pooh
trans_list: Ninni Puf | Uini il Pu | Winnie Pooh | Winnie Puh | Winnie the Pooh | Winny-Puh
sense:
A talking bear from an English children's book series carrying the same name, noted for his sweet, simple nature, and his love of honey.


lexentry: eng/Winter_Triangle__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Winter Triangle
trans_list: Triangolo Invernale
sense:
[the W- T-] (asterism) A bright asterism of the northern winter sky. Its corners are the three 1st-magnitude stars Betelgeuse (α Ori), Procyon (α CMi), and Sirius (α CMa).


lexentry: eng/Wisdom__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Wisdom
trans_list: Sapienza
sense:
(biblical) The Wisdom of Solomon, a book of the Catholic and Eastern Orthodox canon of the Old Testament, considered apocryphal by Protestants.


lexentry: eng/Woden__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Woden
trans_list: Woden
sense:
The Germanic chief god, distributor of talents and god of wisdom and war (corresponding to Odin), especially in his Anglo-Saxon form.


lexentry: eng/Worcestershire_sauce__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Worcestershire sauce
trans_list: salsa Worcestershire
sense:
An English condiment made with vinegar, onions, garlic, etc.; a thin piquant sauce used as a table sauce, to flavour casseroles etc. and as an ingredient in Bloody Marys.


lexentry: eng/World_Exposition__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: World Exposition
trans_list: esposizione universale
sense:
Any of various large international expositions held since the mid 19th century, often called "Expo".


lexentry: eng/World_Trade_Organization__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: World Trade Organization
trans_list: OMC | Organizzazione Mondiale del Commercio
sense:
An international organization designed by its founders to supervise and liberalize international trade.


lexentry: eng/World_War_II__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: World War II
trans_list: Seconda guerra mondiale
sense:
(history) The war from 1939 to 1945 of the Allied forces, including the United Kingdom, the Soviet Union, the United States, France, and China, against the Axis Powers, including Germany, Italy, and Japan.


lexentry: eng/World_War_I__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: World War I
trans_list: Prima guerra mondiale | Grande Guerra
sense:
(history) The war from 1914 to 1918 between the Entente Powers of the British Empire, Russian Empire, France, Italy, the United States and other allied nations, against the Central Powers represented by the German Empire, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire, and Bulgaria.


lexentry: eng/World_Wide_Web__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: World Wide Web
trans_list: amaca
sense:
(Internet) Usually preceded by the: collectively, all of the hypertext documents (web pages) on the Internet stored in different computers around the world that hyperlink to each other and to other kinds of media, and are typically retrieved by the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) and Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS).


lexentry: eng/Wrocław__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Wrocław
trans_list: Breslavia
sense:
A city, located in Silesia in what is now southwestern Poland. (At different points in history, the city has been part of Bohemia, Prussia, Germany, and Poland.)


lexentry: eng/Wu__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Wu
trans_list: da
sense:
(historic) The kingdom ruled by the Ji family from Wuxi and then Suzhou during the Spring and Autumn period of China's Zhou dynasty.


lexentry: eng/Wu__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Wu
trans_list: da
sense:
The family of Chinese languages spoken in that region, including Shanghainese and Suzhounese, the second-most spoken family after Mandarin.


lexentry: eng/Wyandot__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Wyandot
trans_list: urone
sense:
A member of a Native American people, formed from the Huron confederacy, that lived in and around Ohio.


lexentry: eng/X-ray__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: X-ray
trans_list: radiografare | schermografare
sense:
(transitive, informal) To take a radiograph of; to obtain an image of using X-ray radiation, especially for the purpose of medical diagnostic evaluation.


lexentry: eng/Xavier__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Xavier
trans_list: Saverio
sense:
Any of various notable people with this name as given name or surname, especially Saint Francis Xavier, a Spanish Catholic saint and missionary (1506–1552).


lexentry: eng/Xbox__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Xbox
trans_list: XBox
sense:
(video games, trademark) Any of the home consoles in Microsoft's Xbox product line, especially the original Xbox.


lexentry: eng/Xenocrates__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Xenocrates
trans_list: Senocrate
sense:
(c. 396–314 B.C.E.) An Ancient Greek philosopher, mathematician, and the second leader (scholarch) of the Platonic Academy from 339 to 314 B.C.E..


lexentry: eng/Xenophon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Xenophon
trans_list: Senofonte
sense:
Athenian historian and philosopher born 427 B.C.E. and author of the Anabasis and Memorabilia. He was a pupil of Socrates and became a general during the Persian wars.


lexentry: eng/YHWH__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: YHWH
trans_list: Geova
sense:
Known as the "Tetragrammaton", the four Hebrew letters יהוה which are transliterated into the Latin alphabet as YHWH (or IHVH, JHVH, or YHVH). Usually vowels are added to produce the spelling Jehovah, Yehovah or Yahweh (Jahaveh, Jahve, Jahveh, Jahweh, Yahve, Yahveh, Yahwe).


lexentry: eng/Y_chromosome__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Y chromosome
trans_list: cromosoma Y
sense:
(genetics) A mammalian sex chromosome, occurring only in male cells. Cells of females have a pair of X chromosomes while cells of males have an X and a Y.


lexentry: eng/Yahweh__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Yahweh
trans_list: Geova | Javè
sense:
(history of religion) The name of the God of Israel worshipped by the Jahwist prophets in the kingdoms of Israel and Judah in antiquity.


lexentry: eng/Yangtze__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Yangtze
trans_list: Fiume Azzurro
sense:
The chief river of central China and the third longest river in the world, flowing 6300 km from the Tanggula Mountains in Qinghai, passing Chongqing, Wuhan, and Nanjing, and emptying into the East China Sea beside Shanghai.


lexentry: eng/Yankee__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: Yankee
trans_list: yankee
sense:
(chiefly southern, _, Louisiana) An Anglo, as opposed to someone with French ancestry; a native or inhabitant of the rest of the United States.


lexentry: eng/Yazidi__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Yazidi
trans_list: yazido
sense:
member of a Kurdish-speaking people of northern Iraq, Armenia and Caucasus, whose religion is Yazidism


lexentry: eng/Yellow_River__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Yellow River
trans_list: Fiume Giallo
sense:
The chief river of the North China Plain, currently flowing 5,463 km from the Bayan Har Mountains of Qinghai to the Bohai Sea but historically prone to massive floods which caused its course to vary widely over time.


lexentry: eng/Yenisei__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Yenisei
trans_list: Enisej
sense:
TemplateParserError:LuaError. The longest river of Siberia. It flows from south down to north into the Arctic Ocean, splitting Siberia in two parts: the Eastern Siberia and the Western Siberia.


lexentry: eng/Yggdrasil__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Yggdrasil
trans_list: Yggdrasill
sense:
(Norse mythology) An immense ash tree that is central in Norse cosmology, believed to connect the nine worlds.


lexentry: eng/Yiddish__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Yiddish
trans_list: yiddish
sense:
A West Germanic, or more specifically High German, language that developed from Middle High German dialects, with an admixture of vocabulary from multiple source languages including Hebrew-Aramaic, Romance, Slavic, English, etc., and mostly written in Hebrew characters which is used mainly among Ashkenazic Jews from central and eastern Europe.


lexentry: eng/Yoneda_lemma__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Yoneda lemma
trans_list: lemma di Yoneda
sense:
(category theory) Given a category \mathcal{C} with an object A, let H be a hom functor represented by A, and let F be any functor (not necessarily representable) from \mathcal{C} to Sets, then there is a natural isomorphism between Nat(H,F), the set of natural transformations from H to F, and the set F(A). (Any natural transformation \alpha from H to F is determined by what \alpha_A(\mbox{id}_A) is.)


lexentry: eng/York__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: York
trans_list: York
sense:
The House of York, a dynasty of English kings and one of the opposing factions involved in the 15th century Wars of the Roses. The name comes from the fact that its members were descended from Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of York; their symbol was a white rose.


lexentry: eng/Yorkshire__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Yorkshire
trans_list: Yorkshire
sense:
England's largest county. Situated in the north-east of England; divided into three ridings, (North, West and East, and The City Of York). Since 1974 for administration purposes local government has used different divisions.


lexentry: eng/Yoruba__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Yoruba
trans_list: yoruba
sense:
A sub-Saharan language. It belongs to the Benue-Congo branch of the Niger-Congo language family, and has nearly 40 million speakers in Nigeria, Benin, Togo, and Sierra Leone, as well as communities in Brazil and Cuba.


lexentry: eng/Young_Poland__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Young Poland
trans_list: Giovane Polonia
sense:
(historical) The modernist period in Polish visual arts, literature, and music which lasted from the end of the 19th century to 1918.


lexentry: eng/Your_Excellency__Pronoun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Your Excellency
trans_list: signore
sense:
(formal) A title of respect used when addressing heads of state other than monarchs, heads of government, governors, ambassadors, certain ecclesiastics, royalty, and others holding equivalent rank.


lexentry: eng/Your_Majesty__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Your Majesty
trans_list: Sua Maestà | Vostra Maestà
sense:
(formal) A term of address used in direct address to a monarch of higher rank than a prince, such as a king, queen, emperor, or empress.


lexentry: eng/Yucatán__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Yucatán
trans_list: Yucatán
sense:
A peninsula in North America incorporating the Mexican states of Yucatán, Campeche, and Quintana Roo as well as Belize and northeastern Guatemala.


lexentry: eng/Yugoslavia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Yugoslavia
trans_list: Jugoslavia | Iugoslavia
sense:
(historical) A former country on the Balkan Peninsula, made up of the now-independent nations of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Kosovo, North Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia, and Slovenia; it disintegrated in the 1990s.


lexentry: eng/Yukon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Yukon
trans_list: Yukon
sense:
TemplateParserError:LuaError, the Yukon Territory and Alaska, which gives its name to the territory.


lexentry: eng/Yule__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Yule
trans_list: Yule
sense:
Christmastide, the Christmas season, the Twelve Days of Christmas (between December 25th and January 5th).


lexentry: eng/Yule__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Yule
trans_list: Yule
sense:
A pagan wintertime holiday celebrated by Germanic peoples, particularly the Scandinavian and Anglo-Saxon peoples, or a modern reconstruction of this holiday celebrated by neo-pagans.


lexentry: eng/Yule_log__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Yule log
trans_list: tronchetto di Natale
sense:
A log-shaped Christmas sponge cake, covered in chocolate, traditionally from French-speaking countries.


lexentry: eng/Zambezi__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Zambezi
trans_list: Zambesi
sense:
TemplateParserError:LuaError, flowing south and west from Zambia through east Angola and Zambia and then east along the border between Zambia and Zimbabwe into and through central Mozambique to the Indian Ocean.


lexentry: eng/Zanclean_flood__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Zanclean flood
trans_list: alluvione zancleana | diluvio zancleano
sense:
(geology) A theorised flood, 5.33 million years ago, of the Mediterranean basin, then dry due to the Messinian salinity crisis, triggered by its reconnection with the Atlantic Ocean, that marks the transition from the Miocene epoch (Messinian age) to the Pliocene epoch (Zanclean age).


lexentry: eng/Zaporizhia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: Zaporizhia
trans_list: Zaporiggia | Zaporižžja
sense:
(historical) TemplateParserError:LuaError; The region “beyond the rapids” in the lower reach of the river Dnieper in Ukraine, base of the Zaporozhian Cossacks.


lexentry: eng/Zechariah__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Zechariah
trans_list: Zaccaria
sense:
(biblical character) A Hebrew prophet traditionally considered the author of the Book of Zechariah, the eleventh of the Twelve Minor Prophets.


lexentry: eng/Zeelandic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Zeelandic
trans_list: dialetto zelandese | zelandese
sense:
A regional language similar to Dutch, spoken in the Dutch province of Zeeland and on the South Holland island of Goeree-Overflakkee.


lexentry: eng/Zen__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Zen
trans_list: zen
sense:
(religion) A school of Mahayana Buddhism characterized by sudden enlightenment achieved by indirect means and principally associated with China and Japan.


lexentry: eng/Zephyrus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Zephyrus
trans_list: Zeffiro
sense:
(Greek god) The Ancient Greek god of the west wind, supposed to be the gentlest of the winds and the messenger of spring. His parents are Eos/Aurora and Astraeus, and his brothers are Boreas, Notus and Eurus, (the Anemoi), and the Astra Planeta. His wife is Chloris and their son is Karpos. His Roman counterpart is Favonius.


lexentry: eng/Zeppelin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Zeppelin
trans_list: dirigibile
sense:
(aviation) A type of large dirigible rigid airship of the early 20th century, built by the German Luftschiffbau Zeppelin and designed to carry passengers or bombs.


lexentry: eng/Zerubbabel__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Zerubbabel
trans_list: Zorobabele
sense:
(biblical character) a governor of the Persian Province of Judah, who led the first group of Jews returned from the Babylonian Captivity.


lexentry: eng/Zhuyin_fuhao__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Zhuyin fuhao
trans_list: bopomofo
sense:
A phonetic alphabet used to transcribe Mandarin for students of that language and for inputting Chinese, now used primarily only in Taiwan. Variants also exist for other Chinese lects spoken in Taiwan.


lexentry: eng/Zion__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Zion
trans_list: Sion
sense:
A landmark hill (or "mount") on which ancient Jerusalem was partly built, a centerpiece to Biblical accounts of old days and future eschatological events.


lexentry: eng/Zionism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Zionism
trans_list: sionismo
sense:
(politics) Jewish nationalism, the movement which supported first the re-establishment of a Jewish homeland and now supports the continuation of a Jewish state in Israel.


lexentry: eng/Zoroaster__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Zoroaster
trans_list: Zoroastro
sense:
An ancient Iranian prophet after whom the indigenous Iranian ethnic religion, Zoroastrianism, is named, also venerated in Mithraism.


lexentry: eng/Zorro__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Zorro
trans_list: Zorro
sense:
A fictional character, a daring and mysterious avenger, created in 1919 by pulp writer Johnston McCulley.


lexentry: eng/Zouave__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Zouave
trans_list: zuavo
sense:
(military, historical) One of a body of soldiers in the French service, originally Kabyle, but now composed of Frenchmen who wear the Kabyle dress.


lexentry: eng/Zulu__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Zulu
trans_list: zulù
sense:
A member of an African ethnic group living mainly in the KwaZulu-Natal Province in eastern South Africa.


lexentry: eng/Zweihänder__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Zweihänder
trans_list: brando
sense:
(historical) A two-handed sword primarily of Renaissance Germany, up to a fathom in length, invented in the 14th century.


lexentry: eng/Zwinglian__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Zwinglian
trans_list: zwingliano
sense:
A follower of Zwingli, who disagreed with Luther in rejecting the doctrine of the presence of Christ in the Eucharist.


lexentry: eng/a.m.__Adverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: a.m.
trans_list: mattina
sense:
(used after the hour) In the 12-hour period from midnight to noon (the first half of the day) when using the 12-hour clock.


lexentry: eng/a_bad_penny_always_turns_up__Proverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: a bad penny always turns up
trans_list: l'erba cattiva non muore mai | chi scava una fossa vi cade dentro
sense:
A person or thing which is unpleasant, dishonorable, or unwanted tends to appear (or reappear), especially at inopportune times.


lexentry: eng/a_cappella__Adverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: a cappella
trans_list: a cappella
sense:
(music) In a manner of a choir with no instrumental accompaniment; literally, "in the style of the (Sistine) Chapel (in Rome)", such as a musical Mass done a cappella. [from late 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/a_cat_may_look_at_a_king__Proverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: a cat may look at a king
trans_list: un gatto può ben guardare un re
sense:
A purported inferior has certain rights or prerogatives, even in the presence of a purported superior.


lexentry: eng/a_chain_is_only_as_strong_as_its_weakest_link__Proverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: a chain is only as strong as its weakest link
trans_list: una catena è forte quanto il suo anello più debole
sense:
An organization is only as strong or powerful as its weakest person. A group of associates is only as strong as its laziest member.


lexentry: eng/a_little_bird_told_me__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: a little bird told me
trans_list: un uccellino mi ha detto che&nbsp;...
sense:
(idiomatic, chiefly, humorous) I received the information from a source which I am not prepared to disclose.


lexentry: eng/a_spoonful_of_sugar_helps_the_medicine_go_down__Proverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: a spoonful of sugar helps the medicine go down
trans_list: un poco di zucchero la pillola va giù
sense:
An otherwise unpleasant situation can be pleasant when a pleasant aspect is deliberately introduced.


lexentry: eng/a_stitch_in_time_saves_nine__Proverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: a stitch in time saves nine
trans_list: meglio prevenire che curare | prevenire è meglio che curare | è meglio prevenire che curare
sense:
A little effort expended sooner to fix a small problem prevents it from becoming a larger problem requiring more effort to fix later.


lexentry: eng/a_woman_without_a_man_is_like_a_fish_without_a_bicycle__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: a woman without a man is like a fish without a bicycle
trans_list: una donna senza un uomo è come un pesce senza bicicletta
sense:
(figuratively, humorous, simile) A woman is capable of living a complete and independent life without a man. [from 1970]


lexentry: eng/aa__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aa
trans_list: àa
sense:
(volcanology) A form of lava flow associated with Hawaiian-type volcanoes, consisting of basaltic rock, usually dark-colored with a jagged and loose, clinkery surface. Compare pahoehoe. [From 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/aardvark__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aardvark
trans_list: oritteropo
sense:
The nocturnal, insectivorous, burrowing, mammal Orycteropus afer, of the order Tubulidentata, somewhat resembling a pig, common in some parts of sub-Saharan Africa. [from late 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/aardwolf__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aardwolf
trans_list: protele
sense:
A nocturnal, insectivorous mammal, Proteles cristatus, of southern and eastern Africa, related to and resembling the hyena. [First attested in the mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/ab_initio__Adverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ab initio
trans_list: apparizione
sense:
(legal) From the time when a law, legal right or decree, contract, ownership interest, partnership (etc.) comes into force. [Early 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/aba__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: aba
trans_list: abaya
sense:
A loose-fitting sleeveless garment, made from aba or silk, worn by Arabs. [First attested in the early 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abaca__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abaca
trans_list: abaca
sense:
(uncountable) The fiber of this plant, used in rope, fibers, and cloth. [First attested in the mid 18th century.]


lexentry: eng/abacist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abacist
trans_list: abacista
sense:
One who uses an abacus in casting accounts; a calculator. [First attested from around (1350 to 1470).]


lexentry: eng/aback__Adverb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: aback
trans_list: a collo | di dietro | dietro
sense:
(nautical) Backward against the mast; said of the sails when pressed by the wind from the "wrong" (forward) side, or of a ship when its sails are set that way. [First attested in the late 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/abaculus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abaculus
trans_list: abaculi
sense:
(archaic) A small tile of glass, marble, or other substance, of various colors, used in making ornamental patterns in mosaic pavements; abaciscus.


lexentry: eng/abacus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abacus
trans_list: abaco | abbaco
sense:
(historical, obsolete) A table or tray scattered with sand which was used for calculating or drawing. [attested from c. 1387]


lexentry: eng/abacus__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abacus
trans_list: abaco | pallottoliere | abbaco
sense:
A device used for performing arithmetical calculations; (rare) a table on which loose counters are placed, or (more commonly) an instrument with beads sliding on rods, or counters in grooves, with one row of beads or counters representing units, the next tens, etc. [from late 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/abacus__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: abacus
trans_list: abaco | abbaco
sense:
(architecture) The uppermost portion of the capital of a column immediately under the architrave, in some cases a flat oblong or square slab, in others more decorated. [from mid 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/abacus__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: abacus
trans_list: abaco | credenza
sense:
(Ancient Greece, Ancient Rome, historical) A board, tray, or table, divided into perforated compartments for holding bottles, cups, or the like; a kind of buffet, cupboard, or sideboard. [from late 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/abalone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abalone
trans_list: abalone | orecchia di mare
sense:
(North America, Australia) An edible univalve mollusc of the genus Haliotis, having a shell lined with mother-of-pearl. [from mid-19th c.]


lexentry: eng/abandon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abandon
trans_list: abbandono
sense:
A yielding to natural impulses or inhibitions; freedom from artificial constraint, with loss of appreciation of consequences. [Early 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abandon__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abandon
trans_list: abbandonare
sense:
(transitive) To give up or relinquish control of, to surrender or to give oneself over, or to yield to one's emotions. [First attested from around (1350 to 1470)]


lexentry: eng/abandon__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abandon
trans_list: abbandonare
sense:
(transitive) To desist in doing, practicing, following, holding, or adhering to; to turn away from; to permit to lapse; to renounce; to discontinue. [First attested from around (1350 to 1470)]


lexentry: eng/abandon__Verb__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: abandon
trans_list: bandire
sense:
(transitive, obsolete) To cast out; to banish; to expel; to reject. [Attested from the mid 16th century until the mid 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/abandoned__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abandoned
trans_list: abbandonato
sense:
No longer maintained by its former owners, residents, or caretakers; forsaken, deserted. [Late 15th century]


lexentry: eng/abandonment__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abandonment
trans_list: abbandono
sense:
The act of abandoning, or the state of being abandoned; total desertion; relinquishment. [Late 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/abandonment__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abandonment
trans_list: abbandono
sense:
The voluntary leaving of a person to whom one is bound by a special relation, as a wife, husband or child; desertion.


lexentry: eng/abandonment__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: abandonment
trans_list: rinuncia
sense:
(legal) The relinquishment of a right, claim, or privilege; relinquishment of right to secure a patent by an inventor; relinquishment of copyright by an author. [Early 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abandonment__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: abandonment
trans_list: abbandono | rinuncia
sense:
The cessation of service on a particular segment of the lines of a common carrier, as granted by a government agency.


lexentry: eng/abandonment__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: abandonment
trans_list: rinuncia
sense:
A refusal to receive freight so damaged in transit as to be worthless and render carrier liable for its value.


lexentry: eng/abandonware__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abandonware
trans_list: abandonware | software fuori mercato
sense:
(software, chiefly, _, video games) A software product that is no longer updated or maintained, or whose copyright is no longer defended or which is no longer marketed even by the company who made it.


lexentry: eng/abase__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abase
trans_list: abbassare | umiliare | degradare
sense:
(transitive) To lower, as in condition in life, office, rank, etc., so as to cause pain or hurt feelings; to degrade, to depress, to humble, to humiliate. [from c. 1350–1470]


lexentry: eng/abase__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abase
trans_list: abbassare
sense:
(transitive, archaic) To lower physically; to depress; to cast or throw down; to stoop. [from c. 1350–1470]


lexentry: eng/abash__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abash
trans_list: confondere | imbarazzare | turbare
sense:
(transitive) To make ashamed; to embarrass; to destroy the self-possession of, as by exciting suddenly a consciousness of guilt, mistake, or inferiority; to disconcert; to discomfit. [First attested from around (1150 to 1350).]


lexentry: eng/abate__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abate
trans_list: annullare | eliminare | estinguere
sense:
(chiefly, historical) Of a writ or other legal document: to become null and void; to cease to have effect. [from late 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/abate__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abate
trans_list: ribassare | ridursi
sense:
To lower in price or value; (law) specifically, of a bequest in a will: to lower in value because the testator's estate is insufficient to satisfy all the bequests in full. [from early 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/abatement__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abatement
trans_list: riduzione
sense:
The act of abating, or the state of being abated; a lessening, diminution, or reduction; a moderation; removal or putting an end to; the suppression. [First attested from 1340 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/abatement__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abatement
trans_list: calo | ribasso | riduzione
sense:
(accounting) The deduction of minor revenues incidental to an operation in calculating the cost of the operation.


lexentry: eng/abatement__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: abatement
trans_list: riduzione | diminuzione
sense:
An amount abated; that which is taken away by way of reduction; deduction; decrease; a rebate or discount allowed; in particular from a tax. [Late 15th century.]


lexentry: eng/abatis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abatis
trans_list: abbattuta
sense:
A means of defense formed by felled trees, or sometimes by bent trees, the ends of whose branches are sharpened and directed outwards, or against the enemy, and more recently fortified with barbed wire. [Mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abax__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abax
trans_list: abaco
sense:
An ancient counting board containing grooves in which counters were placed; a forerunner of the abacus.


lexentry: eng/abbacy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abbacy
trans_list: abbazia
sense:
The dignity, estate, term, or jurisdiction of an abbot or abbess. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/abbess__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abbess
trans_list: badessa
sense:
A female superior or governess of a nunnery, or convent of nuns, having the same authority over the nuns which the abbots have over the monks. [First attested around 1150 to 1350]


lexentry: eng/abbey__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abbey
trans_list: abbazia | badia
sense:
A monastery or society of people, secluded from the world and devoted to religion and celibacy, which is headed by an abbot or abbess; also, the monastic building or buildings. [First attested around 1150 to 1350.]


lexentry: eng/abbreviate__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: abbreviate
trans_list: abbreviare | accorciare
sense:
(transitive) To make shorter; to shorten (in time); to abridge; to shorten by ending sooner than planned. [First attested from around (1350 to 1470).]


lexentry: eng/abbreviation__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abbreviation
trans_list: abbreviazione | abbreviatura | acronimo | riassunto
sense:
(linguistics) A shortened or contracted form of a word or phrase, used to represent the whole, utilizing omission of letters, and sometimes substitution of letters, or duplication of initial letters to signify plurality, including signs such as +, =, @. [Late 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/abbreviation__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: abbreviation
trans_list: abbreviazione
sense:
(music) One or more dashes through the stem of a note, dividing it respectively into quavers, semiquavers, demisemiquavers, or hemidemisemiquavers.


lexentry: eng/abbreviature__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: abbreviature
trans_list: abbreviazione
sense:
A shortened form of a word or phrase, used in place of the whole; an abbreviation. [since the mid 17th century]


lexentry: eng/abc_conjecture__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abc conjecture
trans_list: congettura abc
sense:
(number theory) Given coprime positive integers a, b and c, such that a + b = c, and d the radical of abc (the product of its distinct prime factors), the conjecture that d is usually not much smaller than c (in other words, that if a and b are divisible by large powers of primes, then c usually is not).


lexentry: eng/abciximab__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abciximab
trans_list: abciximab
sense:
(pharmaceutical drug) A powerful anticlotting drug (trademark ReoPro) that inhibits platelet aggregation by binding to a glycoprotein receptor on human platelets and that consists of the Fab fragment from a chimeric monoclonal antibody prepared from humans and mice.


lexentry: eng/abdicate__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abdicate
trans_list: abdicare
sense:
(transitive, obsolete) To disclaim and expel from the family, as a father his child; to disown; to disinherit. [mid 16th – early 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/abdicate__Verb__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: abdicate
trans_list: abdicare
sense:
(transitive) To surrender, renounce or relinquish, as sovereign power; to withdraw definitely from filling or exercising, as a high office, station, dignity; to fail to fulfill responsibility for. [from mid 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/abdicate__Verb__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: abdicate
trans_list: abdicare
sense:
(intransitive) To relinquish or renounce a throne, or other high office or dignity; to renounce sovereignty. [First attested in the early 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/abdication__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abdication
trans_list: abdicazione
sense:
The act of abdicating; the renunciation of a high office, dignity, or trust, by its holder. [First attested in the early 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/abdomen__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: abdomen
trans_list: addome
sense:
(anatomy) The cavity of the belly, which is lined by the peritoneum, and contains the viscera; often restricted in humans to the part between the diaphragm and the commencement of the pelvis, the remainder being called the pelvic cavity. [from early 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/abdominal_cavity__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abdominal cavity
trans_list: cavità addominale
sense:
(anatomy) The hollow portion of the torso within the abdomen, containing the abdominal organs, in mammals below the diaphragm.


lexentry: eng/abdominoplasty__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abdominoplasty
trans_list: addominoplastica
sense:
(surgery, uncountable) The surgical removal of excess flesh from the abdomen, usually for cosmetic reasons.


lexentry: eng/abducens_nerve__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abducens nerve
trans_list: nervo abducente
sense:
(neuroanatomy) Each of the sixth pair of cranial nerves that are the motor nerves supplying the lateral rectus in the eye. [19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abduct__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abduct
trans_list: rapire | sequestrare | abdurre | sottrarre
sense:
(transitive) To take away by force; to carry away (a human being) wrongfully and usually with violence or deception; to kidnap. [Early 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/abduction__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abduction
trans_list: abduzione
sense:
(anatomy) The act of abducing or abducting; a drawing apart; the movement which separates a limb or other part from the axis, or middle line, of the body. [Mid 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/abduction__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: abduction
trans_list: abduzione
sense:
(logic) A syllogism or form of argument in which the major premise is evident, but the minor is only probable. [Late 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/abductive__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abductive
trans_list: abduttivo
sense:
(logic, computing) Being or relating to a logical process of abduction or inference. [Early 20th century.]


lexentry: eng/abeam__Adverb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abeam
trans_list: accanto
sense:
(nautical, aircraft) Alongside or abreast; opposite the center of the side of the ship or aircraft. [Mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abecedary__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abecedary
trans_list: abbecedario
sense:
One that teaches or learns the alphabet or the fundamentals of any subject; abecedarian. [from late 16th century]


lexentry: eng/aberrance__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aberrance
trans_list: aberrazione
sense:
State of being aberrant; a wandering from the right way; deviation from truth, rectitude. [Mid 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/aberrant__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aberrant
trans_list: aberrante
sense:
Differing from the norm. [First attested sometime between the mid 16th century and the early 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/aberrant__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: aberrant
trans_list: aberrante
sense:
(sometimes, figuratively) Straying from the right way; deviating from morality or truth. [First attested in the mid 18th century.]


lexentry: eng/aberrant__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: aberrant
trans_list: aberrante
sense:
(botany, zoology) Deviating from the ordinary or natural type; exceptional; abnormal. [First attested in the mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/aberration__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aberration
trans_list: aberrazione
sense:
The act of wandering; deviation from truth, moral rectitude; abnormal; divergence from the straight, correct, proper, normal, or from the natural state. [Late 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/aberration__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: aberration
trans_list: aberrazione
sense:
(optics) The convergence to different foci, by a lens or mirror, of rays of light emanating from one and the same point, or the deviation of such rays from a single focus; a defect in a focusing mechanism that prevents the intended focal point. [Mid 18th century.]


lexentry: eng/aberration__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: aberration
trans_list: aberrazione | deviazione | alienazione
sense:
(astronomy) A small periodical change of the apparent positions of the stars and other heavenly bodies, due to the combined effect of the motion of light and the motion of the observer. [Mid 18th century.]


lexentry: eng/aberration__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: aberration
trans_list: aberrazione
sense:
(zoology, botany) Atypical development or structure; deviation from the normal type; an aberrant organ. [Mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/aberration__Noun__1
sense_num: 08
written_rep: aberration
trans_list: aberrazione
sense:
(medicine) A deviation of a tissue, organ or mental functions from what is considered to be within the normal range.


lexentry: eng/abessive_case__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abessive case
trans_list: caso abessivo
sense:
(grammatical case) A grammatical case used to express the lack or absence of something. It has the meaning of the English preposition without or the affix -less.


lexentry: eng/abet__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abet
trans_list: sostenere
sense:
(transitive) To support, countenance, maintain, uphold, or aid (any good cause, opinion, or action); to maintain. [from late 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/abetalipoproteinemia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abetalipoproteinemia
trans_list: abetalipoproteinemia
sense:
(disease) A rare autosomal recessive disorder that interferes with the normal absorption of fat and fat-soluble vitamins from food.


lexentry: eng/abettor__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abettor
trans_list: fomentatore | fomentatrice | istigatore | istigatrice | agitatore | agitatrice
sense:
One that abets an offender; one that incites; instigates; encourages. [First attested from 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/abhor__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abhor
trans_list: aborrire | abominare
sense:
(transitive) To regard (someone or something) as horrifying or detestable; to feel great repugnance toward. [First attested from around (1350 to 1470).]


lexentry: eng/abide__Verb__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: abide
trans_list: dimorare | stare | abitare | risiedere | vivere
sense:
(intransitive, archaic, Scotland) To stay; to continue in a place; to remain stable or fixed in some state or condition; to be left. [from ca. 1150—1350]


lexentry: eng/abide__Verb__1
sense_num: 11
written_rep: abide
trans_list: dimorare | abitare | risiedere | vivere
sense:
(transitive, obsolete) To endure or undergo a hard trial or a task; to stand up under. [from ca. 1150—1350 to early 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/abide__Verb__1
sense_num: 12
written_rep: abide
trans_list: dimorare | abitare | risiedere | vivere
sense:
(transitive, archaic) To await submissively; accept without question; submit to. [from ca. 1350—1470]


lexentry: eng/abide_by__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abide by
trans_list: adeguarsi | attenersi | conformarsi a | sottostare
sense:
(transitive) To accept (a decision or law) and act in accordance with it; to conform to (a decision or law); to acquiesce to (a decision or law).


lexentry: eng/abiding__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abiding
trans_list: duraturo | persistente
sense:
Continuing or persisting in the same state: lasting, enduring; steadfast. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/abietin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abietin
trans_list: abietina
sense:
(organic chemistry) A resin obtained from Strasburg turpentine or Canada balsam. It is without taste or smell, is insoluble in water, but soluble in alcohol (especially at the boiling point), in strong acetic acid, and in ether.


lexentry: eng/ability__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: ability
trans_list: abilità
sense:
(uncountable) The quality or state of being able; capacity to do or of doing something; having the necessary power. [First attested from around (1350 to 1470).]


lexentry: eng/ability__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: ability
trans_list: capacità | abilità
sense:
(countable) A skill or competence in doing; mental power; talent; aptitude. [First attested in the early 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/abiogenesis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abiogenesis
trans_list: abiogenesi | archeobiosi | autogonia
sense:
(evolutionary theory) The origination of living organisms from lifeless matter; such genesis as does not involve the action of living parents. [from 1870]


lexentry: eng/abiology__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abiology
trans_list: abiologia
sense:
(science) The sciences, such as geology and astronomy, that collectively deal with inorganic or lifeless bodies.


lexentry: eng/abiotic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abiotic
trans_list: abiotico
sense:
Nonliving, inanimate, characterised by the absence of life; of inorganic matter. [Mid 20th century.]


lexentry: eng/abiotrophy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abiotrophy
trans_list: abiotrofia
sense:
(medicine) Premature degeneration of cells or tissues, especially with genetic causes; loss of function of organ or cell, not due to injury.


lexentry: eng/abjad__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abjad
trans_list: alfabeto consonantico | abjad
sense:
A writing system for Arabic, historically also employed as a numeral system, in which there is one glyph (symbol or letter) for each consonant but vowels are not specified.


lexentry: eng/abjad__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abjad
trans_list: alfabeto consonantico | abjad
sense:
(linguistics) Any writing system in which glyphs are used to represent consonants or consonantal phonemes, but not vowels.


lexentry: eng/abject__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abject
trans_list: abietto
sense:
Existing in or sunk to a low condition, position, or state; contemptible, despicable, miserable. [from early 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/abject__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: abject
trans_list: abbietto
sense:
Of a person: cast down in hope or spirit; showing utter helplessness, hopelessness, or resignation; also, grovelling; ingratiating; servile. [from mid 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/abject__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abject
trans_list: abbietto
sense:
A person in the lowest and most despicable condition; an oppressed person; an outcast; also, such people as a class. [from early 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/abject__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abject
trans_list: abiettare | abiettàre
sense:
To cast down (someone or something); to abase; to debase; to degrade; to lower; also, to forcibly impose obedience or servitude upon (someone); to subjugate. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/abjuration__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abjuration
trans_list: abiura
sense:
A solemn recantation or renunciation on oath; as, an abjuration of heresy. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/abjure__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: abjure
trans_list: abiurare
sense:
(transitive) To reject with solemnity; to abandon forever; to repudiate; to disclaim. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/ablactation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ablactation
trans_list: divezzamento
sense:
The weaning of a child from the breast, or of young animals from their dam. [First attested from around (1350 to 1470).]


lexentry: eng/ablaqueation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ablaqueation
trans_list: ablaqueazione
sense:
(obsolete) The act or process of laying bare the roots of trees to expose them to the air and water. [Attested from around (1350 to 1470) until the mid 18th century.]


lexentry: eng/ablation__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: ablation
trans_list: ablazione
sense:
(surgery) The surgical removal of a body part, an organ, or especially a tumor; the removal of an organ function; amputation. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/ablation__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: ablation
trans_list: ablazione
sense:
(sciences) The progressive removal of material by any of a variety of processes such as melting or vaporization under heat or chipping. [Mid 20th century.]


lexentry: eng/ablative__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ablative
trans_list: ablativo
sense:
(grammar) Applied to one of the cases of the noun in some languages, the fundamental meaning of the case being removal, separation, or taking away, and to a lesser degree, instrument, place, accordance, specifications, price, or measurement. [First attested from around (1350 to 1470).]


lexentry: eng/ablative_absolute__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ablative absolute
trans_list: ablativo assoluto
sense:
(grammar) A construction in Latin and other sister languages in which an independent phrase with a noun in the ablative case has a participle, adjective, or noun, expressed or implied, which agrees with it in gender, number and case – both words forming a clause grammatically unconnected with the rest of the sentence.


lexentry: eng/ablative_case__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ablative case
trans_list: ablativo
sense:
(grammar) A noun case used in some languages to indicate movement away from something, removal, separation. In English grammar, it corresponds roughly to the use in English of prepositions "of", "from", "away from", and "concerning". In Latin grammar, the ablative case (cāsus ablātīvus) includes functions derived from the Indo-European ablative, instrumental, comitative, associative and locative cases; these cases express concepts similar to those of the English prepositions "of"/"from", "by", "with", "to"/"with", and "at"/"in", respectively. Here/hence/hither, there/thence/thither, and where/whence/whither are the only English words with separate forms for the ablative (motion away from) and lative (motion towards) cases.


lexentry: eng/ablaut__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ablaut
trans_list: apofonia
sense:
(phonology) The substitution of one root vowel for another, thus indicating a corresponding modification of use or meaning; vowel permutation, distinct from the phonetic influence of a succeeding vowel. [Mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/able__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: able
trans_list: capace
sense:
Free from constraints preventing completion of task; permitted to; not prevented from. [First attested from around (1350 to 1470).]


lexentry: eng/able__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: able
trans_list: abile
sense:
Gifted with skill, intelligence, knowledge, or competence. [First attested in the mid 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/ablution__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ablution
trans_list: abluzione | abluzioni
sense:
(Western, _, Christianity) The rinsing of the priest's hand and the sacred vessel following the Communion with, depending on rite, water or a mix of it and wine, which may then be drunk by the priest. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/ablution__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ablution
trans_list: abluzione
sense:
The act of washing or cleansing the body, or some part of it, as a religious rite. [From mid 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/abnegate__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abnegate
trans_list: abnegare
sense:
(transitive) To deny (oneself something); to renounce or give up (a right, a power, a claim, a privilege, a convenience). [First attested in the early 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/abnormal__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abnormal
trans_list: anormale | abnorme | anomalo
sense:
Not conforming to rule or system; deviating from the usual or normal type. [First attested around the mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abnormal__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abnormal
trans_list: anormale | anomalo
sense:
Of or pertaining to that which is irregular, in particular, behaviour that deviates from norms of social propriety or accepted standards of mental health. [First attested around the early 20th century.]


lexentry: eng/abnormality__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abnormality
trans_list: anomalia | anormalità
sense:
The state or quality of being abnormal; variation; irregularity. [First attested in the mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abnormally__Adverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abnormally
trans_list: anormalmente
sense:
In an abnormal manner; in a way that deviates from a standard, norm, or average. [First attested in the mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abode__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abode
trans_list: dimora | domicilio | residenza | soggiorno
sense:
(dated, or, legal) Stay or continuance in a place; sojourn. [Attested from (1350 to 1470) to the mid 18th century.]


lexentry: eng/abolitionism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abolitionism
trans_list: abolizionismo
sense:
Support for the abolition of something; the tenets of abolitionists. [First attested in the early 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abolitionist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abolitionist
trans_list: abolizionista
sense:
A person who favors the abolition of any particular institution or practice. [since the late 18th century]


lexentry: eng/abomasum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abomasum
trans_list: abomaso
sense:
(biology, food) The fourth or digestive compartment of the stomach of a cow or other ruminant, after the omasum;the lining of said compartment, considered as a foodstuff.


lexentry: eng/abominable__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abominable
trans_list: odioso | abominabile | detestabile | efferato
sense:
Worthy of, or causing, abhorrence, as a thing of evil omen; odious in the utmost degree; very hateful; detestable; loathsome; execrable. [first attested around 1150 to 1350]


lexentry: eng/abominate__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abominate
trans_list: abominare
sense:
(transitive) To feel disgust towards; to loathe or detest thoroughly; to hate in the highest degree, as if with religious dread. [First attested in the mid 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/abonnement__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abonnement
trans_list: abbonamento
sense:
A subscription or season ticket in a French-speaking country or another country where abonnement is the local term. [First attested in the late 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/aboriginal__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aboriginal
trans_list: aborigeno
sense:
First according to historical or scientific records; original; indigenous; primitive. [First attested in the mid 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/aborigine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aborigine
trans_list: aborigeno
sense:
A native inhabitant of a country; a member of the original people. [First attested in the early 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abort__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abort
trans_list: abortire | interrompere
sense:
(transitive, intransitive) To cause a premature termination of (a fetus); to end a pregnancy before term. [Attested since at least the 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abort__Verb__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: abort
trans_list: abortire | fallire
sense:
(transitive, biology) To cause an organism to develop minimally; to cause rudimentary development to happen; to prevent maturation. [First attested in the mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abortifacient__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abortifacient
trans_list: abortivo
sense:
(pharmaceutical drug) A drug or an agent that induces an abortion. [First attested in the mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abortion__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abortion
trans_list: aborto | abortivo
sense:
(medicine) The expulsion from the womb of a foetus or embryo before it is fully developed, with loss of the foetus.[from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/abortion__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: abortion
trans_list: aborto
sense:
(biology) Arrest of development of any organ, so that it remains an imperfect formation or is absorbed. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/abound__Verb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: abound
trans_list: abbondare | essere abbondante
sense:
(intransitive) To be present or available in large numbers or quantities; to be plentiful. [First attested from around (1350 to 1470).]


lexentry: eng/about-turn__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: about-turn
trans_list: dietro front | dietrofront
sense:
(British, military) A turn of 180 degrees, typically in a military formation[First attested in the mid 20th century.].


lexentry: eng/about__Preposition__1
sense_num: 08
written_rep: about
trans_list: vicino
sense:
(figurative) In or near, as in mental faculties or (literally) in the possession of; under the control of; at one's command; in one's makeup. [from ca. 1350–1470]


lexentry: eng/about_to__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: about to
trans_list: in procinto di | stare per | sul punto di
sense:
(idiomatic, with infinitive verb) Indicates something that will happen very soon; indicates action that is imminent.


lexentry: eng/above__Adverb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: above
trans_list: sopra
sense:
Higher in the same page; earlier in the order as far as writing products go. [first attested before 1150.]


lexentry: eng/abrasion__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abrasion
trans_list: abrasione
sense:
The act of abrading, wearing, or rubbing off; the wearing away by friction. [First attested in the mid 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/abrasion__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: abrasion
trans_list: abrasione
sense:
(geology) The effect of mechanical erosion of rock, especially a river bed, by rock fragments scratching and scraping it. [First attested in the mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abrasion__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: abrasion
trans_list: abrasione
sense:
(medicine) A superficial wound caused by scraping; an area of skin where the cells on the surface have been scraped or worn away. [First attested in the mid 20th century.]


lexentry: eng/abrasive__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abrasive
trans_list: abrasivo
sense:
A hard inorganic substance or material consisting in powder or granule form such as sandpaper, pumice, or emery, used for cleaning, smoothing, or polishing. [First attested in the mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abrasively__Adverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abrasively
trans_list: ruvidamente
sense:
In an abrasive manner; in a rude and unkind manner; acting in a way that may hurt other people's feelings.


lexentry: eng/abreact__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abreact
trans_list: sfogare
sense:
(transitive, psychoanalysis) To eliminate previously repressed emotions by reliving past experiences. [First attested in the early 20th century.]


lexentry: eng/abreaction__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abreaction
trans_list: abreazione
sense:
(psychoanalysis) The re-living of an experience with a view to purging its emotional dross. [First attested in the early 20th century.]


lexentry: eng/abreast__Adverb__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: abreast
trans_list: al traverso
sense:
(nautical) Side by side; also, opposite; on a line with the vessel's beam. [First attested in the late 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/abridge__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: abridge
trans_list: abbreviare | accorciare | ridurre
sense:
(transitive) To make shorter; to shorten in duration or extent. [First attested from around (1350 to 1470)]


lexentry: eng/abridge__Verb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: abridge
trans_list: abbreviare
sense:
(transitive) To shorten or contract by using fewer words, yet retaining the sense; to epitomize; to condense[First attested in 1384.]. [First attested from around (1350 to 1470)]


lexentry: eng/abrogate__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abrogate
trans_list: abrogare
sense:
(transitive, law) To annul by an authoritative act; to abolish by the authority of the maker or her or his successor; to repeal; — applied to the repeal of laws, decrees, ordinances, the abolition of customs, etc. [First attested in the early 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/abrupt__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abrupt
trans_list: brusco | improvviso | inaspettato
sense:
Without notice to prepare the mind for the event; sudden; hasty; unceremonious. [First attested in the late 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/abrupt__Adjective__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: abrupt
trans_list: discontinua | discontinuo | sconnessa | sconnesso
sense:
Having sudden transitions from one subject or state to another; unconnected; disjointed. [First attested in the late 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/abruptly__Adverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abruptly
trans_list: improvvisamente
sense:
In an abrupt manner; without giving notice, or without the usual forms; suddenly; precipitously. [First attested in the late 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/abscess__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abscess
trans_list: ascesso
sense:
(pathology) A cavity caused by tissue destruction, usually because of infection, filled with pus and surrounded by inflamed tissue. [First attested in the mid 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/abscise__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abscise
trans_list: apostatare
sense:
(intransitive, botany) To separate by means of abscission; to shed or drop off. [First attested in the early 20th century.]


lexentry: eng/abscissa__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abscissa
trans_list: ascissa
sense:
(geometry) The first of the two terms by which a point is referred to, in a system of fixed rectilinear coordinate (Cartesian coordinate) axes. [First attested in the late 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/absence__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: absence
trans_list: mancanza
sense:
Failure to be present where one is expected, wanted, or needed; nonattendance; deficiency. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/absence__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: absence
trans_list: assenza
sense:
(medical) Temporary loss or disruption of consciousness, with sudden onset and recovery, and common in epilepsy. [First attested in the mid 20th century.]


lexentry: eng/absence_makes_the_heart_grow_fonder__Proverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absence makes the heart grow fonder
trans_list: la lontananza avvicina i cuori
sense:
(idiom) When someone or something is far away, one realizes how much one loves or misses them or it.


lexentry: eng/absence_of_mind__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absence of mind
trans_list: assenza
sense:
A state or the quality of being absent-minded (abstracted, preoccupied). [First attested in the early 18th century.]


lexentry: eng/absent-minded__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absent-minded
trans_list: svanito
sense:
Absent in mind; often preoccupied; forgetful or careless due to distraction; easily distracted. [First attested in the mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/absent-mindedness__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absent-mindedness
trans_list: distrazione
sense:
The characteristic or state of being easily distracted or preoccupied. [First attested in the late 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/absent__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absent
trans_list: assente
sense:
(not comparable) Being away from a place; withdrawn from a place; not present; missing. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/absent__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: absent
trans_list: assente
sense:
(comparable) Inattentive to what is passing; absent-minded; preoccupied. [First attested in the early 18th century.]


lexentry: eng/absentee__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absentee
trans_list: assente
sense:
A person who is absent from his or her employment, school, post, duty, etc. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/absenteeism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absenteeism
trans_list: assenteismo
sense:
The state of being absent, especially frequently or without good reason; the practice of an absentee. [First attested in the early 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/absinthe__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: absinthe
trans_list: assenzio
sense:
A distilled, highly alcoholic, anise-flavored liquor originally made from grande wormwood, anise, and other herbs. [from mid 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/absolute__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absolute
trans_list: assoluto
sense:
Free of restrictions, limitations, qualifications or conditions; unconditional. [first attested in the late 1400s]


lexentry: eng/absolute__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: absolute
trans_list: assoluto
sense:
Free from imperfection, perfect, complete; especially, perfectly embodying a quality in its essential characteristics or to its highest degree. [first attested around 1400]


lexentry: eng/absolute__Adjective__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: absolute
trans_list: assoluto
sense:
(especially, philosophy) Fundamental, ultimate, intrinsic; not relative; independent of references or relations to other things or standards. [first attested in the late 1700s]


lexentry: eng/absolute__Adjective__1
sense_num: 09
written_rep: absolute
trans_list: assoluto
sense:
(grammar) Not immediately dependent on the other parts of the sentence; not in a syntactical relation with other parts of a text, or qualifying the text as a whole rather than any single word in it, like "it being over" in "it being over, she left". [first attested around 1350 to 1470]


lexentry: eng/absolute_humidity__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absolute humidity
trans_list: umidità assoluta
sense:
(meteorology) In a system of moist air, the ratio of the mass of water vapor present to the volume occupied by the mixture, that is, the density of the water vapor component. Absolute humidity is usually expressed in grams of water vapor per cubic meter or, in engineering practice, in grains per cubic foot. Because this measure of atmospheric humidity is not conservative with respect to adiabatic expansion or compression, it is not commonly used by meteorologists. (Also called vapor concentration and vapor density). See relative humidity.


lexentry: eng/absolute_magnitude__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absolute magnitude
trans_list: magnitudine assoluta
sense:
(astronomy) The intrinsic luminosity that a celestial body would have if viewed from a distance of 10 parsecs or about 32.6 light years.


lexentry: eng/absolute_space__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absolute space
trans_list: spazio assoluto
sense:
(physics) The Newtonian concept of an unchanging and unchangeable reference system of spatial (and temporal) coordinates that is the same for all observers


lexentry: eng/absolute_superlative__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: absolute superlative
trans_list: superlativo assoluto
sense:
In Greek: one of the degrees of comparison in an adjective that stresses an exceptional property without making a direct comparison, its closest equivalent in English being a most important letter, a very high mountain or absolutely pure water. It is formed by adding the suffix -τατος (declined) to the adjective's nominative, neuter singular.


lexentry: eng/absolute_time__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absolute time
trans_list: tempo assoluto
sense:
(physics) The Newtonian concept of an unchanging and unchangeable reference system of time (and spatial) coordinates that is the same for all observers


lexentry: eng/absolute_value__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absolute value
trans_list: valore assoluto | modulo
sense:
(mathematics) For a complex number a+bi, the principal square root of the sum of the squares of its real and imaginary parts, \sqrt{a^2+b^2}. Denoted by | |.


lexentry: eng/absolute_zero__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absolute zero
trans_list: zero assoluto
sense:
(physics) The coldest possible temperature, zero on the Kelvin scale, or approximately −273.15 °C, −459.67 °F; total absence of heat; temperature at which motion of all molecules would cease. [First attested in the early 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/absoluteness__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absoluteness
trans_list: assolutezza
sense:
(obsolete) The fact of being finished or perfected; completeness. [Attested from the mid 16th century until the 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/absoluteness__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: absoluteness
trans_list: assolutezza
sense:
The fact of being without qualifications or conditions; certainty, unconditionality. [First attested in the 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/absolution__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absolution
trans_list: assoluzione
sense:
(ecclesiastical) An absolving of sins from ecclesiastical penalties by an authority. [First attested around 1150 to 1350.]


lexentry: eng/absolution__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: absolution
trans_list: assoluzione
sense:
An absolving, or setting free from guilt, sin, or penalty; forgiveness of an offense. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/absolution__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: absolution
trans_list: assoluzione
sense:
(civil, _, legal, obsolete) An acquittal, or sentence of a judge declaring an accused person innocent. [First attested in the early 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/absolutism__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: absolutism
trans_list: assolutismo
sense:
(political science, sociology) The principles or practice of absolute or arbitrary government; despotism. [First attested in the early 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/absolutive__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absolutive
trans_list: assolutivo
sense:
(grammar) Of or pertaining to the grammatical case used to indicate the patient or experiencer of a verb’s action.


lexentry: eng/absolutive_case__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absolutive case
trans_list: caso assolutivo
sense:
(grammatical case) case used to indicate the patient or experiencer of a verb’s action. The absolutive case is used to mark the subject of an intransitive verb, as well as the object of a transitive verb (inasmuch as they are codified in the English nominative-accusative system). Some languages that employ the absolutive case include Abkhaz, Basque, Chechen, Dyirbal, Hindi, Inuktitut, Hiligaynon, and Yup'ik.


lexentry: eng/absolve__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absolve
trans_list: assolvere
sense:
(transitive) To set free, release or discharge (from obligations, debts, responsibility etc.). [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/absolve__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: absolve
trans_list: assolvere
sense:
(transitive) To pronounce free from or give absolution for a penalty, blame, or guilt. [First attested in the mid 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/absolve__Verb__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: absolve
trans_list: assolvere
sense:
(transitive, obsolete) To finish; to accomplish. [Attested from the late 16th century until the early 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/absorb__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absorb
trans_list: assorbire | assorto | includere | incorporare
sense:
(transitive) To include so that it no longer has separate existence; to overwhelm; to cause to disappear as if by swallowing up; to incorporate; to assimilate; to take in and use up. [first attested c. 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/absorb__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: absorb
trans_list: assorbire | assorbere
sense:
(transitive) To suck up; to drink in; to imbibe, like a sponge or as the lacteals of the body; to chemically take in. [first attested in the early 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/absorbance__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absorbance
trans_list: assorbanza
sense:
(physics) A logarithmic measure of the amount of light that is absorbed when passing through a substance; the capacity of a substance to absorb light of a given wavelength; optical density. [First attested in the mid 20th century.]


lexentry: eng/absorbed__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: absorbed
trans_list: assorbito
sense:
(Of something) That has been taken in, engulfed, imbibed, or assimilated. [First attested in the mid 18th century.]


lexentry: eng/absorbency__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: absorbency
trans_list: capacità di assorbimento
sense:
(physics) The ratio of the absorbance or optical density of a substance to that of a similar body of pure solvent.


lexentry: eng/absorbent__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absorbent
trans_list: assorbente
sense:
Having the ability or tendency to absorb; able to soak up liquid easily; absorptive. [First attested in the early 18th century.]


lexentry: eng/absorber__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absorber
trans_list: assorbitore
sense:
A device which causes gas or vapor to be absorbed by a liquid. [First attested in the mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/absorptiometer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absorptiometer
trans_list: assorbimetro
sense:
An instrument that computes the absorption rate by measuring the pressure of the gas; a colorimeter for liquids. [First attested in the late 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/absorption__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absorption
trans_list: assorbimento
sense:
(chemistry, physics) the imbibing or reception by molecular or chemical action, of radiant energy; the process of being neutrons being absorbed by the nucleus; interception. [First attested in the mid 18th century.]


lexentry: eng/absorption__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absorption
trans_list: assorbimento
sense:
(physiology) in living organisms, the process by which the materials of growth and nutrition are absorbed and conveyed to the tissues and organs; taking in by various means, such as by osmosis. [First attested in the mid 18th century.]


lexentry: eng/absorption_spectrum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absorption spectrum
trans_list: spettro di assorbimento
sense:
(physics) The characteristic pattern of dark lines or bands that occurs when electromagnetic radiation is passed through an absorbing medium into a spectroscope.


lexentry: eng/abstain__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abstain
trans_list: astenersi
sense:
(intransitive) Refrain from (something or doing something); keep from doing, especially an indulgence. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/abstainer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abstainer
trans_list: astinente
sense:
Agent noun of abstain; one who abstains; especially, one who abstains from something, such as the use of alcohol or drugs, or one who abstains for religious reasons; one who practices self-denial. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/abstemious__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abstemious
trans_list: astemio
sense:
Refraining from freely consuming food or strong drink; sparing in diet; abstinent, temperate. [From early 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/abstention__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abstention
trans_list: astensione
sense:
(obsolete) The act of restraining oneself. [Attested from the early 16th century until the med 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/abstentionist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abstentionist
trans_list: astensionista
sense:
A practitioner or advocate of not getting involved politically. [First attested in the late 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abstinence__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abstinence
trans_list: astinenza
sense:
Specifically, the practice of abstaining from intoxicating/alcoholic beverages; total abstinence; teetotalism). [First attested around 1150 to 1350.]


lexentry: eng/abstinence__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abstinence
trans_list: astinenza
sense:
Specifically, the practice of abstaining from sexual intercourse, either permanently or until marriage. [First attested around 1150 to 1350.]


lexentry: eng/abstinence__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abstinence
trans_list: astinenza | astemìa
sense:
The act or practice of abstaining, refraining from indulging a desire or appetite. [First attested around 1150 to 1350.]


lexentry: eng/abstinence__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abstinence
trans_list: astinenza
sense:
The practice of self-denial; self-restraint; forebearance from anything. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/abstinent__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abstinent
trans_list: moderato
sense:
Refraining from indulgence, especially from the indulgence of appetite. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/abstract__Adjective__1
sense_num: 08
written_rep: abstract
trans_list: astratto
sense:
(arts, often, capitalized) Free from representational qualities, in particular the non-representational styles of the 20th century. [First attested in the mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abstract__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abstract
trans_list: sottrarre
sense:
(transitive, euphemistic) To steal; to take away; to remove without permission. [First attested in the late 15th century.]


lexentry: eng/abstract__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abstract
trans_list: astrarre
sense:
To conceptualize an ideal subgroup by means of the generalization of an attribute, as follows: by apprehending an attribute inherent to one individual, then separating that attribute and contemplating it by itself, then conceiving of that attribute as a general quality, then despecifying that conceived quality with respect to several or many individuals, and by then ideating a group composed of those individuals perceived to possess said quality.


lexentry: eng/abstract_algebra__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abstract algebra
trans_list: algebra astratta
sense:
(mathematics) The branch of mathematics concerned with algebraic structures, such as groups, rings, and fields.


lexentry: eng/abstract_harmonic_analysis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abstract harmonic analysis
trans_list: analisi armonica astratta
sense:
(harmonic analysis, representation theory, topology) A branch of harmonic analysis dealing with generalised Fourier transforms that act on functions defined on Hausdorff locally compact topological groups.


lexentry: eng/abstract_noun__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abstract noun
trans_list: nome astratto
sense:
(grammar) A noun that denotes an idea, emotion, feeling, quality, generalization, representation or other abstract or intangible concept, as opposed to a concrete item, or a physical object.


lexentry: eng/abstracted__Adjective__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: abstracted
trans_list: assorbito
sense:
Inattentive to surrounding objects; absent in mind; meditative. [First attested in the early 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/abstraction__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: abstraction
trans_list: astrazione
sense:
The act of focusing on one characteristic of an object rather than the object as a whole group of characteristics; the act of separating said qualities from the object or ideas. [First attested in the late 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/abstraction__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: abstraction
trans_list: astrazione
sense:
The act of comparing commonality between distinct objects and organizing using those similarities; the act of generalizing characteristics; the product of said generalization. [First attested in the late 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/abstractionism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abstractionism
trans_list: astrattismo
sense:
The creation, principles, or ideals of abstractions, in particular art. [First attested in the mid 20th century.]


lexentry: eng/abstractive__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abstractive
trans_list: astrattivo
sense:
Having an abstracting nature or tendency; tending to separate; tending to be withdrawn. [First attested in the late 15th century.]


lexentry: eng/absurd__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absurd
trans_list: assurdo
sense:
Contrary to reason or propriety; obviously and flatly opposed to manifest truth; inconsistent with the plain dictates of common sense; logically contradictory; nonsensical; ridiculous; silly. [from mid-16th c.]


lexentry: eng/absurdism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absurdism
trans_list: absurdism
sense:
(uncountable, philosophy) A philosophy which holds that the universe is chaotic and irrational and that any attempt to impose order will ultimately fail. [First attested in the mid 20th century.]


lexentry: eng/absurdity__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: absurdity
trans_list: assurdità
sense:
(countable) That which is absurd; an absurd action; a logical contradiction. [First attested in the late 15th century.]


lexentry: eng/absurdity__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: absurdity
trans_list: assurdità
sense:
(uncountable) The quality of being absurd or inconsistent with obvious truth, reason, or sound judgment. [First attested in the early 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/abugida__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abugida
trans_list: abugida | alfasillabario
sense:
(linguistics) A kind of syllabary (syllabic alphabet) in which a symbol or glyph representing a syllable contains parts representing a vowel and a consonant, typically such that symbols for different syllables are generated by adding, altering or removing the vowel portion, often by applying a diacritic to a stable consonant symbol.


lexentry: eng/abulia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abulia
trans_list: abulia
sense:
(psychiatry) Absence of willpower or decisiveness, especially as a symptom of mental illness. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/abundance__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abundance
trans_list: abbondanza | cuccagna
sense:
An overflowing fullness or ample sufficiency; profusion; copious supply; superfluity; plentifulness. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/abundant__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abundant
trans_list: abbondante
sense:
Fully sufficient; found in copious supply; in great quantity; overflowing. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/abundant_number__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abundant number
trans_list: numero abbondante
sense:
(number theory) A number that is less than the sum of its proper divisors (all divisors except the number itself).


lexentry: eng/abundantly__Adverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abundantly
trans_list: abbondantemente
sense:
In an abundant manner; in a sufficient degree; in large measure. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/abuse__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abuse
trans_list: abuso | abuso sessuale | violenza carnale
sense:
Improper treatment or usage; application to a wrong or bad purpose; an unjust, corrupt or wrongful practice or custom. [from around 1350 to 1470]


lexentry: eng/abuse__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abuse
trans_list: abusare | insultare | ingannare | violentare
sense:
(transitive) To put to a wrong use; to misapply; to use improperly; to use for a wrong purpose or end; to pervert [from around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/abuse__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: abuse
trans_list: insultare
sense:
(transitive) To attack with coarse language; to insult; to revile; malign; to speak in an offensive manner to or about someone; to disparage. [from early 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/abuse__Verb__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: abuse
trans_list: violentare
sense:
(transitive, archaic) To violate; defile; to rape; (reflexive) to masturbate. [from around 1350 to 1470]


lexentry: eng/abusive__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: abusive
trans_list: abusivo
sense:
(archaic) Tending to misuse; practising or containing abuse. [First attested in the late 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/abut__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abut
trans_list: sboccare
sense:
(intransitive) To touch by means of a mutual border, edge or end; to border on; to lie adjacent (to); to be contiguous (said of an area of land) [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/abyss__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abyss
trans_list: abisso
sense:
Hell; the bottomless pit; primeval chaos; a confined subterranean ocean. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/abyss__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abyss
trans_list: abisso
sense:
(frequently, figurative) A bottomless or unfathomed depth, gulf, or chasm; hence, any deep, immeasurable; any void space. [First attested in the late 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/abyssal__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: abyssal
trans_list: abissale
sense:
(geography) Of or belonging to the ocean depths, especially below 2000 metres (6500 ft): abyssal zone. [First attested in the mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abyssal_zone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: abyssal zone
trans_list: abisso
sense:
(geography) The oceanic realm consisting of the deep ocean, typified by a dearth of plant life, and plentiful carnivorous animals that are able to withstand extreme pressure.


lexentry: eng/academia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: academia
trans_list: accademia
sense:
(collective) The scientific and cultural community engaged in higher education and research, taken as a whole. [from 1956]


lexentry: eng/academian__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: academian
trans_list: accademico
sense:
(obsolete) A member of an academy, university, or college. [Attested from the mid 16th century until the late 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/academic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: academic
trans_list: accademico
sense:
Belonging to an academy or other higher institution of learning, or a scholarly society or organization. [from late 16th century]


lexentry: eng/academic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: academic
trans_list: accademico
sense:
In particular: relating to literary, classical, or artistic studies like the humanities, rather than to technical or vocational studies like engineering or welding.


lexentry: eng/academic_institution__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: academic institution
trans_list: accademia
sense:
An educational institution, dedicated to higher education and research, that grants academic degrees.


lexentry: eng/academical__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: academical
trans_list: accademico
sense:
Pertaining to a university or other form of higher education. [First attested in the late 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/academically__Adverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: academically
trans_list: accademicamente
sense:
In an academic style or way; from an academic perspective. [First attested in the late 16th century]


lexentry: eng/academician__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: academician
trans_list: accademica | accademico
sense:
A member or follower of an academy, or society for promoting science, art, or literature, such as the French Academy, or the Royal Academy of Arts. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/academicism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: academicism
trans_list: accademismo
sense:
(classical studies, sometimes, capitalized) The doctrines of Plato's academy; specifically the skeptical doctrines of the later academy stating that nothing can be known; a tenet of the Academic philosophy; state of being Academic. [First attested in the early 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/academy__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: academy
trans_list: accademia
sense:
An institution for the study of higher learning; a college or a university; typically a private school. [First attested in the mid 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/academy__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: academy
trans_list: accademia
sense:
A school or place of training in which some special art is taught. [First attested in the late 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/academy__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: academy
trans_list: accademia
sense:
A society of learned people united for the advancement of the arts and sciences, and literature, or some particular art or science. [First attested in the early 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/academy__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: academy
trans_list: seminario
sense:
(obsolete) The knowledge disseminated in an Academy. [Attested from the early 17th century until the mid 18th century.]


lexentry: eng/acalculia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acalculia
trans_list: acalculia
sense:
(pathology) The condition of lacking basic mathematical skills caused by a brain injury, or more specifically an injury to the parietal lobe. [First attested in the early 20th century.]


lexentry: eng/acanthite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acanthite
trans_list: acantite
sense:
(mineral) A mineral form of silver sulfide, Ag2S, that is a major ore of silver, that forms slender prisms.


lexentry: eng/acanthosis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acanthosis
trans_list: acantosi
sense:
(pathology) A benign abnormal thickening of the stratum spinosum, or prickle cell, layer of the epidermis.[First attested in the late 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/acanthus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acanthus
trans_list: acanto
sense:
A member of the genus Acanthus of herbaceous prickly plants with toothed leaves, (family Acanthaceae, order Lamiales (formerly Scrophulariales)) found in the south of Europe, Asia Minor, and India. [from mid 16th century]


lexentry: eng/acanthus__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: acanthus
trans_list: acanto
sense:
(architectural element) An ornament resembling the foliage or leaves of Acanthus spinosus, used in the capitals of the Corinthian and composite orders. [from mid 18th century]


lexentry: eng/acarus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acarus
trans_list: acaro
sense:
(zoology, acarology) Any member of the subclass Acari (aka Acarina): thus, a mite or a tick; specifically, any mite of the genus Acarus.


lexentry: eng/acatalepsy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acatalepsy
trans_list: acatalessia
sense:
Incomprehensibility of things; the doctrine held by the ancient skeptic philosophers, that human knowledge never amounts to certainty, but only to probability.


lexentry: eng/accede__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: accede
trans_list: accettare
sense:
(intransitive, now, _, rare) To give one's adhesion; to join up with (a group, etc.); to become part of. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/accede__Verb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: accede
trans_list: accettare
sense:
(intransitive) To come to an office, state or dignity; to attain, assume (a position). [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/accelerant__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: accelerant
trans_list: accelerante
sense:
(chemistry) Any substance that can bond or mix with, or disturb, another substance and cause an increase in the speed of a natural or artificial chemical process.


lexentry: eng/acceleration__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acceleration
trans_list: accelerazione
sense:
(uncountable) The act of accelerating, or the state of being accelerated; increase of motion or action; as opposed to retardation or deceleration.


lexentry: eng/acceleration__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: acceleration
trans_list: accelerazione
sense:
(countable) The amount by which a speed or velocity increases (and so a scalar quantity or a vector quantity).


lexentry: eng/acceleration__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: acceleration
trans_list: accelerazione
sense:
(physics) The change of velocity with respect to time (can include deceleration or changing direction).


lexentry: eng/accelerationism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: accelerationism
trans_list: accelerazionismo
sense:
The idea that either the prevailing system of capitalism, or certain technosocial processes that historically characterised it, should be expanded and accelerated in order to generate radical social change.


lexentry: eng/accent__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: accent
trans_list: accento
sense:
(linguistics) A higher-pitched or stronger (louder or longer) articulation of a particular syllable of a word or phrase in order to distinguish it from the others or to emphasize it.


lexentry: eng/accent__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: accent
trans_list: accento
sense:
(orthography) A mark or character used in writing, in order to indicate the place of the spoken accent, or to indicate the nature or quality of the vowel marked.


lexentry: eng/accent__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: accent
trans_list: enfasi | modulazione | tono
sense:
Modulation of the voice in speaking; the manner of speaking or pronouncing; a peculiar or characteristic modification of the voice, expressing emotion; tone.


lexentry: eng/accent__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: accent
trans_list: accento | cadenza | calata | inflessione
sense:
(linguistics, sociolinguistics) The distinctive manner of pronouncing a language associated with a particular region, social group, etc., whether of a native speaker or a foreign speaker; the phonetic and phonological aspects of a dialect.


lexentry: eng/accent__Noun__1
sense_num: 09
written_rep: accent
trans_list: accento
sense:
(music) A regularly recurring stress upon the tone to mark the beginning, and, more feebly, the third part of the measure.


lexentry: eng/accent__Noun__1
sense_num: 11
written_rep: accent
trans_list: accento
sense:
(music) A mark used to represent this special emphasis.The third and fourth symbols are accents (marks used to represent special emphasis in music).


lexentry: eng/acceptilation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acceptilation
trans_list: accettilazione
sense:
(civil law) Gratuitous discharge; a release from debt or obligation without payment; free remission.


lexentry: eng/access__Noun__1
sense_num: 11
written_rep: access
trans_list: accesso
sense:
(uncountable, networking) Connection to or communication with a computer program or to the Internet.


lexentry: eng/accession__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: accession
trans_list: accessione
sense:
(legal) A mode of acquiring property, by which the owner of a corporeal substance which receives an addition by growth, or by labor, has a right to the part or thing added, or the improvement (provided the thing is not changed into a different species).


lexentry: eng/accessory__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: accessory
trans_list: accessorio
sense:
Something that belongs to part of another main thing; something additional and subordinate, an attachment.


lexentry: eng/accessory_fruit__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: accessory fruit
trans_list: falso frutto
sense:
(botany) A fruit which includes tissue not derived from the ovary but from some adjacent tissue, as for instance, a strawberry.


lexentry: eng/acciaccatura__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acciaccatura
trans_list: acciaccatura
sense:
(music) A short grace note (theoretically taking no time at all), occurring on the beat occupied by the main note to which it is prefixed, one scale-step higher or lower than that main note. (Sometimes equivalent, therefore, to a short appoggiatura, but in Baroque music interpreted differently and more strictly.) Written as a note lighter in appearance, typically a quaver (eighth note), with an oblique stroke through the stem.


lexentry: eng/accident__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: accident
trans_list: accidente | incidente
sense:
An unexpected event with negative consequences occurring without the intention of the one suffering the consequences, and (in the strict sense) not directly caused by humans.


lexentry: eng/accident__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: accident
trans_list: incidente | accidente
sense:
(transportation) A collision or crash of a vehicle, aircraft, or other form of transportation that causes damage to the transportation involved; and sometimes injury or death to the transportation's occupants or bystanders in close proximity. (but see Usage notes)


lexentry: eng/accidental__Adjective__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: accidental
trans_list: accidentale
sense:
Happening by chance, or unexpectedly; taking place not according to the usual course of things; by accident, unintentional. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/acclaim__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: acclaim
trans_list: acclamare | applaudire | reclamare
sense:
(transitive, rare) To salute or praise with great approval; to compliment; to applaud; to welcome enthusiastically.


lexentry: eng/acclimatize__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: acclimatize
trans_list: acclimatare
sense:
(transitive) To make used to a new climate or one that is different from that which is natural; to inure or habituate to other circumstances; to adapt to the peculiarities of a foreign or strange climate.


lexentry: eng/accolade__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: accolade
trans_list: ordinazione
sense:
(historical) A salutation marking the conferring of knighthood, consisting of an embrace or a kiss, and a slight blow on the shoulders with the flat of a sword.


lexentry: eng/accommodate__Verb__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: accommodate
trans_list: adattare
sense:
(transitive) To show the correspondence of; to apply or make suit by analogy; to adapt or fit, as teachings to accidental circumstances, statements to facts, etc.


lexentry: eng/accommodation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: accommodation
trans_list: alloggio
sense:
(chiefly, British, usually, a mass noun) Lodging in a dwelling or similar living quarters afforded to travellers in hotels or on cruise ships, or prisoners, etc.


lexentry: eng/accommodation__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: accommodation
trans_list: alloggio | sistemazione
sense:
(countable, uncountable, followed by to) The act of fitting or adapting, or the state of being fitted or adapted; adaptation; adjustment.


lexentry: eng/accommodation_ladder__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: accommodation ladder
trans_list: barcarizzo
sense:
(nautical) a flight of stairs or a ladder for lowering over the side of a ship for access to and from a small boat.


lexentry: eng/accompaniment__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: accompaniment
trans_list: accompagnamento
sense:
(music) A part, usually performed by instruments, that gives support or adds to the background in music, or adds for ornamentation; also, the harmony of a figured bass.


lexentry: eng/accompaniment__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: accompaniment
trans_list: accompagnamento
sense:
That which accompanies; something that attends as a circumstance, or which is added to give greater completeness to the principal thing, or by way of ornament, or for the sake of symmetry.


lexentry: eng/accompany__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: accompany
trans_list: accompagnare | corredare
sense:
(transitive) To go with or attend as a companion or associate; to keep company with; to go along with.


lexentry: eng/accomplice__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: accomplice
trans_list: complice | correo | basista | correa
sense:
(legal) An associate in the commission of a crime; a participator in an offense, whether a principal or an accessory.


lexentry: eng/accomplish__Verb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: accomplish
trans_list: rifinire | completare | concretizzare | trascorrere
sense:
(transitive, archaic) To equip or furnish thoroughly; hence, to complete in acquirements; to render accomplished; to polish.


lexentry: eng/accomplishment__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: accomplishment
trans_list: completamento | concretizzazione
sense:
That which completes, perfects, or equips thoroughly; acquirement; attainment; that which constitutes excellence of mind, or elegance of manners, acquired by education or training.


lexentry: eng/according_as__Adverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: according as
trans_list: secondo
sense:
Precisely as; the same as; just as; corresponding to the way in which. (Now often expressing accordance with two or more alternatives.) [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/accordion__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: accordion
trans_list: fisarmonica
sense:
A box-shaped musical instrument with means of keys and buttons, whose tones are generated by play of the wind from a squeezed bellows upon free metallic reeds.


lexentry: eng/account__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: account
trans_list: descrizione | caso | causa | contabilità | giustificazione | motivo
sense:
(accounting) A registry of pecuniary transactions; a written or printed statement of business dealings or debts and credits, and also of other things subjected to a reckoning or review. [from c. 1300]


lexentry: eng/account__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: account
trans_list: conto | descrizione | fruizione | motivo | ragione | resoconto
sense:
A statement in general of reasons, causes, grounds, etc., explanatory of some event; a reason of an action to be done.


lexentry: eng/account_for__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: account for
trans_list: giustificare | rendere conto | spiegare
sense:
(transitive) To explain by relating circumstances; to show that some one, thing or members of a group are present or have been processed.


lexentry: eng/accountability__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: accountability
trans_list: responsabilità | competenza | rendicontabilità | rendicontazione
sense:
The state of being accountable; liability to be called on to render an account or give an explanation; liability to be held responsible or answerable for something.


lexentry: eng/accountability__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: accountability
trans_list: competenza
sense:
(military) The obligation imposed by law or regulation on an officer or other person for keeping accurate record of property, documents, or funds. The person having this obligation may or may not have actual possession of the property, documents, or funds. Accountability is concerned primarily with records, while responsibility is concerned primarily with custody, care, and safekeeping.


lexentry: eng/accountancy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: accountancy
trans_list: contabilità
sense:
(uncountable, British, NZ, often, _, Philippines, accounting) The function of compiling and providing financial information primarily by reports referred to as financial statements, including bookkeeping, systems design, analysis and interpretation of accounting information.


lexentry: eng/accountant__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: accountant
trans_list: ragioniere
sense:
(accounting) One whose profession includes organizing, maintaining and auditing the records of another. The records are usually, but not always, financial records.


lexentry: eng/accounting__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: accounting
trans_list: contabilità | bilancio
sense:
(business) The development and use of a system for recording and analyzing the financial transactions and financial status of an individual or a business.


lexentry: eng/accounts_receivable__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: accounts receivable
trans_list: esigenza
sense:
(accounting) The total monetary amount owed to a financial entity due to debts arising from sales on credit or on account.


lexentry: eng/accredit__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: accredit
trans_list: accreditare
sense:
(transitive) To send with letters credential, as an ambassador, envoy, or diplomatic agent; to authorize, as a messenger or delegate.


lexentry: eng/accretion__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: accretion
trans_list: accrescimento
sense:
The act of increasing by natural growth; especially the increase of organic bodies by the internal accession of parts; organic growth.


lexentry: eng/accretion__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: accretion
trans_list: accrescimento
sense:
(legal) The adhering of property to something else, by which the owner of one thing becomes possessed of a right to another; generally, gain of land by the washing up of sand or soil from the sea or a river, or by a gradual recession of the water from the usual watermark.


lexentry: eng/accretion_disk__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: accretion disk
trans_list: disco di accrescimento
sense:
(astrophysics) A structure formed by matter falling into a gravitational source such as a galaxy, black hole, or protostar.


lexentry: eng/accrual__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: accrual
trans_list: accumulo | rateo
sense:
An increase; something that accumulates, especially an amount of money that periodically accumulates for a specific purpose


lexentry: eng/acculturate__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acculturate
trans_list: acculturare
sense:
(transitive) To change the culture of (a person) by the influence of another culture, especially a more dominant culture.


lexentry: eng/acculturation__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: acculturation
trans_list: acculturazione
sense:
A process by which a person acquires the culture of the society that they inhabit, starting at birth.


lexentry: eng/accumulate__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: accumulate
trans_list: accumularsi | accumulare
sense:
(transitive) To heap up in a mass; to pile up; to collect or bring together (either literally or figuratively)


lexentry: eng/accumulation__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: accumulation
trans_list: accumulazione | accumulo
sense:
(finance) The action of investors buying an asset from other investors when the price of the asset is low.


lexentry: eng/accumulation_point__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: accumulation point
trans_list: punto di accumulazione
sense:
(topology, "of" a subset of a topological space) Given a subset S of a topological space X, a point x whose every neighborhood contains at least one point distinct from x that belongs to S.


lexentry: eng/accusative__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: accusative
trans_list: accusativo
sense:
(grammar) Applied to the case (as the fourth case of Latin, Lithuanian and Greek nouns) which expresses the immediate object on which the action or influence of a transitive verb has its limited influence. Other parts of speech, including secondary or predicate direct objects, will also influence a sentence’s construction. In German the case used for direct objects.


lexentry: eng/accusatorial__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: accusatorial
trans_list: accusatorio
sense:
(legal) Of or pertaining to the system of a public trial in which the facts are ascertained by the judge or jury from evidence presented by the prosecution and the defence.


lexentry: eng/accustom__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: accustom
trans_list: abituarsi | adattarsi | assuefarsi | familiarizzare
sense:
(transitive, often, passive, or, reflexive, with to) To make familiar by use; to cause to accept; to habituate, familiarize, or inure.


lexentry: eng/ace__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ace
trans_list: asso
sense:
(card games) A playing card showing a single pip, typically the highest or lowest ranking card in a game.


lexentry: eng/ace__Noun__1
sense_num: 12
written_rep: ace
trans_list: asso
sense:
A military aircraft pilot who is credited with shooting down many enemy aircraft, typically five or more.


lexentry: eng/acenaphthene__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acenaphthene
trans_list: acenaftene
sense:
(organic compound) A hydrocarbon, found in coal tar, derived from naphthalene by the addition of a short aliphatic bridge.


lexentry: eng/acenaphthylene__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acenaphthylene
trans_list: acenaftilene
sense:
(organic compound) A polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon containing an unsaturated five-membered ring ortho- and peri-fused to the 1- and 9- positions of naphthalene.


lexentry: eng/acetaldehyde__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acetaldehyde
trans_list: acetaldeide
sense:
(organic compound) An organic compound, (CH3CHO). Sometimes called ethanal or acetic aldehyde. See aldehyde.


lexentry: eng/acetaminophen__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acetaminophen
trans_list: paracetamolo
sense:
(North America) A white crystalline compound used in medicine as an anodyne to relieve pain and reduce fever.


lexentry: eng/acetic_acid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acetic acid
trans_list: acido acetico
sense:
(fatty acid) A clear colourless organic acid, CH3COOH, formed by the bacterial oxidation of ethanol through acetic fermentation; it is used as a solvent and has very many industrial applications; it is the major acidic component of vinegar.


lexentry: eng/acetoacetic_acid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acetoacetic acid
trans_list: acido acetoacetico
sense:
(organic compound) The ketonic carboxylic acid CH3-CO-CH2-COOH, that is present in the urine of people suffering from starvation or some forms of diabetes.


lexentry: eng/acetonemia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acetonemia
trans_list: acetonemia
sense:
(veterinary medicine) Presence of excessive levels of acetone in blood, sometimes occurring in cows during the first weeks after giving birth to a calf.


lexentry: eng/acetonitrile__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acetonitrile
trans_list: acetonitrile
sense:
(organic compound) The simplest organic cyanide or nitrile, CH3CN, formally derived from acetic acid


lexentry: eng/acetophenone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acetophenone
trans_list: acetofenone
sense:
(organic compound) The aromatic ketone phenyl methyl ketone, used in the manufacture of very many organic compounds


lexentry: eng/acetylation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acetylation
trans_list: acetilazione
sense:
(organic chemistry) The reaction of a substance with acetic acid or one of its derivatives; the introduction of one or more acetyl groups into a substance.


lexentry: eng/acetylcholine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acetylcholine
trans_list: acetilcolina
sense:
(neurotransmitter) A neurotransmitter in humans and other animals. It is an ester of acetic acid and choline with chemical formula CH3COOCH2CH2N+(CH3)3.


lexentry: eng/acetylcholinesterase__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acetylcholinesterase
trans_list: acetilcolinesterasi
sense:
(enzyme) An enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine into choline and acetic acid.


lexentry: eng/acetylenic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acetylenic
trans_list: acetilenico
sense:
(organic chemistry) Of or pertaining to acetylene or its derivatives; having a carbon-to-carbon triple bond


lexentry: eng/acetylglucosamine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acetylglucosamine
trans_list: acetilglucosammina
sense:
(biochemistry) An amide derivative of glucose that forms part of the peptidoglycan of bacterial cell walls


lexentry: eng/acetylsalicylic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acetylsalicylic
trans_list: acetilsalicilico | acetossibenzoico
sense:
(organic chemistry) Describing any derivative of salicylic acid in which the phenolic hydroxyl has been acetylated.


lexentry: eng/ache__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ache
trans_list: dolere | patire | penare | soffrire | tribolare
sense:
(intransitive, stative) To suffer pain; to be the source of, or be in, pain, especially continued dull pain; to be distressed.


lexentry: eng/acheiropoieton__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acheiropoieton
trans_list: acheropita
sense:
(chiefly, Eastern Orthodoxy) A religion icon (chiefly of Christ or the Virgin Mary) believed not to have been created by human hands; a miraculous image.


lexentry: eng/achieve__Verb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: achieve
trans_list: ottenere
sense:
(transitive) To obtain, or gain (a desired result, objective etc.), as the result of exertion; to succeed in gaining; to win. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/achievement__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: achievement
trans_list: blasone | stemma
sense:
(heraldry) An escutcheon or ensign armorial; a full display or depiction of all the heraldic components to which the bearer of a coat of arms is entitled; (now, especially) a funeral shield: the hatchment.


lexentry: eng/achromatic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: achromatic
trans_list: acromatico
sense:
Containing components such as achromatic lenses and prisms, designed to prevent color-related distortion.


lexentry: eng/achromatopsia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: achromatopsia
trans_list: acromatopsia
sense:
Full or partial color blindness; the inability to distinguish colors due to the absence of cone cells in the eyes.


lexentry: eng/acid_rain__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acid rain
trans_list: pioggia acida
sense:
Rain which is unusually acidic (pH of less than the natural range of 5 to 6); caused mainly by atmospheric pollution with sulphur dioxide, carbon dioxide and nitrogen compounds.


lexentry: eng/acidic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acidic
trans_list: acido
sense:
(chemistry) Having a pH less than 7, or being sour, or having the strength to neutralize alkalis, or turning a litmus paper red.


lexentry: eng/acinus__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: acinus
trans_list: grappolo
sense:
(anatomy) One of the granular masses which constitute a racemose or compound gland, as the pancreas; also, one of the saccular recesses in the lobules of a racemose gland.


lexentry: eng/acknowledge__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: acknowledge
trans_list: riconoscere
sense:
(transitive) To own or recognize in a particular quality, character or relationship; to admit the claims or authority of; to give recognition to.


lexentry: eng/acknowledge__Verb__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: acknowledge
trans_list: confermare
sense:
(transitive) To own as genuine or valid; to assent to (a legal instrument) to give it validity; to avow or admit in legal form.


lexentry: eng/acknowledgment__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: acknowledgment
trans_list: riconoscimento
sense:
The act of recognizing in a particular character or relationship; recognition of existence, authority, truth, or genuineness.


lexentry: eng/acme__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acme
trans_list: acme | apice | climax | culmine
sense:
A high point: the highest point of any range, the most developed stage of any process, or the culmination of any field or historical period. [c. 1610]


lexentry: eng/acolyte__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acolyte
trans_list: accolito
sense:
(Christianity) One who has received the highest of the four minor orders in the Catholic Church, being ordained to carry the wine, water and lights at Mass.


lexentry: eng/aconite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: aconite
trans_list: aconito
sense:
The herb wolfsbane, or monkshood; any plant of the genus Aconitum, all the species of which are poisonous.


lexentry: eng/acorn__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: acorn
trans_list: ghianda
sense:
(nautical) A cone-shaped piece of wood on the point of the spindle above the vane, on the mast-head.


lexentry: eng/acotyledonous__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acotyledonous
trans_list: acotiledone
sense:
Having no seed lobes, as the dodder; also applied to plants which have no true seeds, as ferns, mosses, etc.


lexentry: eng/acoustic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: acoustic
trans_list: acustico
sense:
(music, musical instrument) Naturally producing or produced by an instrument without electrical amplification or the need thereof.


lexentry: eng/acoustic__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acoustic
trans_list: acustica
sense:
(usually, in the plural) The properties or qualities of a room or building that determine how sound is transmitted in it.


lexentry: eng/acqua_alta__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acqua alta
trans_list: acqua alta
sense:
A phenomenon that regularly occurs in the city of Venice, Italy, typically during high and spring tide, involving the flooding of the most low-lying areas of Venice.


lexentry: eng/acquaintance__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acquaintance
trans_list: conoscenza
sense:
(uncountable) A state of being acquainted with a person; originally indicating friendship, intimacy, but now suggesting a slight knowledge less deep than that of friendship; acquaintanceship. [from 12th c.]


lexentry: eng/acquiesce__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acquiesce
trans_list: approvare | conformarsi | sottomettersi
sense:
(intransitive, with in (or sometimes with, to)) To rest satisfied, or apparently satisfied, or to rest without opposition and discontent (usually implying previous opposition or discontent); to accept or consent by silence or by omitting to object.


lexentry: eng/acquiesce__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: acquiesce
trans_list: consentire
sense:
(intransitive) To concur upon conviction; to assent to; usually, to concur, not heartily but so far as to forbear opposition.


lexentry: eng/acquiescence__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acquiescence
trans_list: acquiescenza
sense:
A silent or passive assent or submission, or a submission with apparent content, distinguished from avowed consent on the one hand, and on the other, from opposition or open discontent; quiet satisfaction.


lexentry: eng/acquiescence__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: acquiescence
trans_list: perenzione
sense:
(legal) Inaction, passivity, or neglect to take legal action when it is called for in order to assert, preserve, or safeguard a right, and which inaction implies the abandonment of said right.


lexentry: eng/acquired_immune_deficiency_syndrome__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acquired immune deficiency syndrome
trans_list: sindrome da immunodeficienza acquisita
sense:
(disease) An infectious disease, caused by HIV, that causes the gradual degeneration of the body's immune system.


lexentry: eng/acquit__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: acquit
trans_list: saldare
sense:
(transitive) Followed by of (and formerly by from): to discharge, release, or set free from a burden, duty, liability, or obligation, or from an accusation or charge.


lexentry: eng/acquittal__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: acquittal
trans_list: assoluzione
sense:
(legal) A legal decision that someone is not guilty with which they have been charged, or the formal dismissal of a charge by some other legal process. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/acrimonious__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: acrimonious
trans_list: acrimonioso
sense:
(figuratively) Angry, acid, and sharp in delivering argumentative replies: bitter, mean-spirited, sharp in language or tone. [from early 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/acritarch__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acritarch
trans_list: acritarchi
sense:
(paleontology, palynology) Any small, non-acid-soluble (i.e. non-carbonate, non-siliceous) organic fossil that cannot be classified.


lexentry: eng/acrobat__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acrobat
trans_list: acrobata
sense:
An athlete who performs acts requiring skill, agility and coordination, often as part of a circus performance.


lexentry: eng/acrocentric__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acrocentric
trans_list: acrocentrico
sense:
(genetics) (of a chromosome) Having the centromere very near to one end, and thus having a long arm, and a very short arm.


lexentry: eng/acrodynia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acrodynia
trans_list: acrodinia
sense:
(pathology) An epidemic disease of the skin characterized by increased sensibility of the soles and palms, with pricking sensations in them and rheumatoid pains in the hands and feet.


lexentry: eng/acrolect__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acrolect
trans_list: acroletto
sense:
(sociolinguistics) The variety of speech that is considered most suitable for formal occasions (typically using only standard forms).


lexentry: eng/acrolein__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acrolein
trans_list: acroleina
sense:
(organic compound) A pungent, acrid, poisonous liquid aldehyde, CH2=CH-CH=O, made by the destructive distillation of glycerol.


lexentry: eng/acromegaly__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acromegaly
trans_list: acromegalia
sense:
(disease) A chronic disease marked by enlargement of the bones of the extremities, face, and jaw that is caused by over-activity of the pituitary gland.


lexentry: eng/acrophony__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acrophony
trans_list: acrofonia
sense:
The naming of letters in an alphabetic writing system using words whose initial sounds are represented by the respective letters.


lexentry: eng/acropolis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acropolis
trans_list: acropoli
sense:
A promontory (usually fortified with a citadel) forming the hub of many Grecian cities, and around which many were built for defensive purposes before and during the classical period; compare Acropolis.


lexentry: eng/across__Preposition__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: across
trans_list: attraverso | dall'altra parte
sense:
(Southern US, AAVE) across from: on the opposite side, relative to something that lies between, from (a point of interest).


lexentry: eng/acrostic__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acrostic
trans_list: acrostico
sense:
A poem or other text in which certain letters, often the first in each line, spell out a name or message. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/acroterium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acroterium
trans_list: acroterio
sense:
(architecture) One of the small pedestals, for statues or other ornaments, placed on the apex and at the basal angles of a pediment, or upon the gables in Gothic architecture.


lexentry: eng/acrylamide__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acrylamide
trans_list: acrilammide
sense:
(organic compound) The amide of acrylic acid, CH2=CH.CONH2; used in the manufacture of polyacrylamides.


lexentry: eng/acrylic_resin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acrylic resin
trans_list: acrilico
sense:
(organic chemistry) Any of many thermoplastic or thermosetting polymers or copolymers of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, esters of these acids, or acrylonitrile; used in paint and many plastics.


lexentry: eng/acrylonitrile__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acrylonitrile
trans_list: acrilonitrile
sense:
(organic compound) A toxic colourless liquid organic compound, CH2=CH.CN, synthesized from propylene and ammonia; used as a monomer in the production of acrylic resins and synthetic rubber.


lexentry: eng/act__Verb__1
sense_num: 11
written_rep: act
trans_list: fare | comportarsi
sense:
(intransitive, law) To carry out work as a legal representative in relation to a particular legal matter.


lexentry: eng/act_of_parliament__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: act of parliament
trans_list: legge
sense:
A law which has received assent (royal, presidential or gubernatorial) after having been passed by the houses (or house) of a parliament.


lexentry: eng/actin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: actin
trans_list: actina
sense:
(protein, uncountable) A globular structural protein that polymerizes in a helical fashion to form an actin filament (or microfilament).


lexentry: eng/acting__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acting
trans_list: interino
sense:
Temporarily assuming the duties or authority of another person when they are unable to do their job.


lexentry: eng/actinide__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: actinide
trans_list: attinoide
sense:
(chemistry) Any of the 15 radioactive elements of the periodic table from actinium to lawrencium that are positioned under the lanthanides, to which they have similar chemistry.


lexentry: eng/actinium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: actinium
trans_list: attinio
sense:
A radioactive, metallic chemical element (symbol: Ac) with an atomic number of 89; found in uranium ores.


lexentry: eng/actinolite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: actinolite
trans_list: actinolite
sense:
(mineral) A mineral with monoclinic crystals of the chemical formula Ca2(Mg,Fe)5Si8O22(OH)2, belonging to the amphibole group.


lexentry: eng/actinometer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: actinometer
trans_list: attinometro
sense:
(physics) A device used to measure the heating power of electromagnetic radiation, especially that of solar radiation.


lexentry: eng/actinomycosis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: actinomycosis
trans_list: actinomicosi
sense:
(pathology) An infectious bacterial disease of cattle and swine, sometimes transmitted to man, characterized by the formation of painful abscesses in the mouth, lungs, or gastrointestinal tract, caused by Actinomyces israelii, Actinomyces gerencseriae, and Propionibacterium propionicum.


lexentry: eng/action__Noun__1
sense_num: 13
written_rep: action
trans_list: azione
sense:
(literature) The event or connected series of events, either real or imaginary, forming the subject of a play, poem, or other composition; the unfolding of the drama of events.


lexentry: eng/action_figure__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: action figure
trans_list: figura di azione
sense:
A children's toy in the form of a posable plastic figurine of a character, often from a movie, video game, or television program, with moving parts and often capable of some form of spring-loaded movement. It is used to distinguish from dolls, which have acquired the reputation as a girl's toy, whereas action figures are more marketed toward boys.


lexentry: eng/action_potential__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: action potential
trans_list: potenziale di azione
sense:
(physiology) A short-term change in the electrical potential that travels along a cell such as a nerve or muscle fiber. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/action_replay__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: action replay
trans_list: replica
sense:
In TV broadcasting, the reshowing of a short segment of action, especially slow-motion sporting action, shortly after it was broadcast live or in real-time.


lexentry: eng/actionism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: actionism
trans_list: attivismo
sense:
An excessive emphasis on action, activity, or change in lieu of continuity, stability, and permanence.


lexentry: eng/activate__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: activate
trans_list: attivare
sense:
(transitive) To put a device, mechanism (alarm etc.) or system into action or motion; to trigger, to actuate, to set off, to enable.


lexentry: eng/activated_carbon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: activated carbon
trans_list: carbone attivo
sense:
(chemistry) A very absorbent form of finely powdered carbon; used in purifying gases, and as an antidote for many poisons.


lexentry: eng/activation__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: activation
trans_list: attivazione
sense:
(physics) The process of making a radioisotope by bombarding a stable element with neutrons or protons.


lexentry: eng/activation_analysis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: activation analysis
trans_list: analisi per attivazione
sense:
(chemistry) Any of several similar radiochemical techniques of analysis in which a subatomic particle or gamma ray is captured by a nuclide to form a second stable nuclide which is then measured.


lexentry: eng/activator__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: activator
trans_list: attivatore
sense:
(biology) Any chemical or agent which regulates one or more genes by increasing the rate of transcription.


lexentry: eng/active__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: active
trans_list: attivo
sense:
Having the power or quality of acting; causing change; communicating action or motion; acting;—opposed to passive, that receives.


lexentry: eng/active_ingredient__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: active ingredient
trans_list: principio attivo
sense:
The specific compound in a natural or man-made mixture that is responsible for the mixture's activity.


lexentry: eng/active_volcano__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: active volcano
trans_list: vulcano attivo
sense:
(vulcanology, geology) A volcano that has erupted in the last 10,000 years, although not necessarily venting lava or gases now.


lexentry: eng/activism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: activism
trans_list: attivismo
sense:
The practice of using action to achieve a result, such as political demonstration or a strike in support of or in opposition to an issue.


lexentry: eng/activities_of_daily_living__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: activities of daily living
trans_list: attività della vita quotidiana
sense:
(healthcare) A set of common daily activities, including bathing, feeding, and relieving oneself. A person’s ability or inability to perform them is used as a measurement of their functional status.


lexentry: eng/activity__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: activity
trans_list: attività | svago
sense:
(countable) Something done for pleasure or entertainment, especially one involving movement or an excursion.


lexentry: eng/actor__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: actor
trans_list: attore | attrice | esponente | partecipante
sense:
A person who acts a part in a theatrical play or (later) in film or television; a dramatic performer. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/actual__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: actual
trans_list: reale | effettivo | concreto
sense:
Existing in reality, not just potentially; really acted or acting; occurring in fact. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/actualism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: actualism
trans_list: attualismo
sense:
(philosophy) The belief that actuality and existence are co‐extensive: i.e., that only actual things exist, and merely possible things do not.


lexentry: eng/actuary__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: actuary
trans_list: attuario
sense:
A professional who calculates financial values associated with uncertain events subject to risk, such as insurance premiums or pension contributions.


lexentry: eng/acupressure__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acupressure
trans_list: acupressione
sense:
(uncountable) An alternative medicine technique, derived from acupuncture, in which physical pressure is applied to acupoints.


lexentry: eng/acupuncture__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acupuncture
trans_list: agopuntura
sense:
The insertion of needles into the (living) tissue of the body affecting the Qi or energy along energetic pathways of the body called meridians. This modality is traditionally used as a form of internal medical treating all disease and illnesses, in Western countries it is widely used for the purposes of pain relief.


lexentry: eng/acute__Adjective__1
sense_num: 10
written_rep: acute
trans_list: acuto
sense:
(medicine) Of an abnormal condition of recent or sudden onset, in contrast to delayed onset; this sense does not imply severity, unlike the common usage.


lexentry: eng/acute_accent__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acute accent
trans_list: accento acuto
sense:
(orthography) : A diacritical mark ( ´ ) that can be placed above a number of letters in many languages of the Latin, Greek and Cyrillic writing systems.


lexentry: eng/acyl__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: acyl
trans_list: acile
sense:
(organic chemistry) Any of class of organic radicals, RCO-, formed by the removal of a hydroxyl group from a carboxylic acid.


lexentry: eng/adagio__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adagio
trans_list: adagio
sense:
(music) A tempo mark directing that a passage is to be played rather slowly, leisurely and gracefully.


lexentry: eng/adamant__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adamant
trans_list: adamantino
sense:
An imaginary rock or mineral of impenetrable hardness; a name given to the diamond and other substances of extreme hardness.


lexentry: eng/adamantine__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adamantine
trans_list: adamantino
sense:
Made of adamant, or having the qualities of adamant; incapable of being broken, dissolved, or penetrated.


lexentry: eng/adapt__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: adapt
trans_list: adattare
sense:
(transitive) To make by altering or fitting something else; to produce by change of form or character


lexentry: eng/adaptation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adaptation
trans_list: adattamento
sense:
(uncountable) The process of adapting something or becoming adapted to a situation; adjustment, modification.


lexentry: eng/adaptation__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: adaptation
trans_list: adattamento
sense:
(countable, evolutionary theory) An instance of an organism undergoing change, or the structure or behavior that is changed.


lexentry: eng/adapter__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: adapter
trans_list: adattatore
sense:
Specifically, an AC adapter: a device that reduces voltage and converts AC to DC to allow a battery-powered device to use mains power.


lexentry: eng/add-on__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: add-on
trans_list: espansione
sense:
(computer hardware, software) A software extension or hardware peripheral that provides additional functions or customization for a core application or system.


lexentry: eng/add_insult_to_injury__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: add insult to injury
trans_list: oltre il danno la beffa
sense:
(idiomatic) To further a loss with mockery or indignity; to worsen an already unfavourable situation.


lexentry: eng/addax__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: addax
trans_list: addax | antilope dalle corna a vite
sense:
A large African antelope (Addax nasomaculatus) with long, corkscrewing horns which lives in the desert. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/addend__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: addend
trans_list: elemento
sense:
(mathematics) Addendum, any one of two or more numbers or other terms that are to be added together.


lexentry: eng/adder__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: adder
trans_list: vipera
sense:
Agkistrodon contortrix mokasen, the northern copperhead, a venomous viper found in the eastern United States


lexentry: eng/adding_machine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adding machine
trans_list: addizionatrice | calcolo meccanico
sense:
A simple mechanical or electromechanical calculator that could only perform simple calculations such as addition or subtraction


lexentry: eng/additive__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: additive
trans_list: additivo
sense:
A substance added to another substance or product to produce specific properties in the combined substance.


lexentry: eng/address__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: address
trans_list: indirizzo
sense:
(computing) A number identifying a specific storage location in computer memory; a string of characters identifying a location on the internet or other network; sometimes (specifically) an e-mail address. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/address__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: address
trans_list: indirizzo
sense:
A description of the location of a property, usually with at least a street name and number, name of a town, and now also a postal code; such a description as superscribed for direction on an envelope or letter. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/address__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: address
trans_list: maniera
sense:
A formal approach to a sovereign, especially an official appeal or petition; later (specifically) a response given by each of the Houses of Parliament to the sovereign's speech at the opening of Parliament. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/address__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: address
trans_list: discorso
sense:
An act of addressing oneself to a person or group; a discourse or speech, or a record of this. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/address__Verb__1
sense_num: 09
written_rep: address
trans_list: indirizzare | affrontare | corteggiare | esaminare | mirare | rivolgersi
sense:
(transitive) To direct speech to; to make a communication to, whether spoken or written; to apply to by words, as by a speech, petition, etc., to speak to.


lexentry: eng/address__Verb__1
sense_num: 13
written_rep: address
trans_list: mirare | preparare | prepararsi
sense:
(transitive) To address oneself to; to prepare oneself for; to apply oneself to; to direct one's speech, discourse or efforts to.


lexentry: eng/addressee__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: addressee
trans_list: destinatario | destinataria
sense:
The person or organization to which something, such as a letter or message, is addressed or sent, for whom the item is intended.


lexentry: eng/adduce__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adduce
trans_list: addurre
sense:
(transitive) To bring forward or offer, as an argument, passage, or consideration which bears on a statement or case; to cite; to allege.


lexentry: eng/adductor__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adductor
trans_list: adduttore
sense:
(anatomy) A muscle which draws a limb or part of the body toward the middle line of the body, or closes extended parts of the body; -- opposed to abductor


lexentry: eng/adelomorphous__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adelomorphous
trans_list: adelomorfo
sense:
(medicine) Having a form that is not clearly defined, especially as applied to the principal cells in the pepsin glands of the stomach.


lexentry: eng/adenine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adenine
trans_list: adenina
sense:
(biochemistry, genetics) A base, C5H5N5, found in certain glands and tissues, which pairs with thymine in DNA and uracil in RNA.


lexentry: eng/adenohypophysis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adenohypophysis
trans_list: adenoipofisi
sense:
(anatomy) The anterior lobe of the pituitary gland, producing and secreting several peptide hormones that regulate many physiological processes including stress, growth, and reproduction.


lexentry: eng/adenoid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adenoid
trans_list: adenoide
sense:
(symptom) an abnormally enlarged mass of lymphatic tissue at the back of the pharynx, often obstructing the nasal and ear passages and hindering speaking and breathing in young children.


lexentry: eng/adenoidectomy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adenoidectomy
trans_list: adenoidectomia
sense:
(surgery) Surgical removal of the adenoids, or of adenoid growths in the nasopharynx; commonly performed along with tonsillectomy.


lexentry: eng/adenosine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adenosine
trans_list: adenosina
sense:
(biochemistry, genetics, organic compound) A nucleoside derived from adenine and ribose, found in striated muscle tissue. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/adenosine_monophosphate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adenosine monophosphate
trans_list: adenosina monofosfato
sense:
(biochemistry) a nucleotide, found in all animal muscle cells, reversibly convertible to adenosine diphosphate and adenosine triphosphate


lexentry: eng/adenosine_triphosphate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adenosine triphosphate
trans_list: adenosintrifosfato
sense:
(biochemistry, neurotransmitter) a nucleotide that is used as a source of energy in cellular reactions, in the synthesis of nucleic acids, and as a neurotransmitter recognised by purinergic receptors


lexentry: eng/adenylation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adenylation
trans_list: adenilazione
sense:
(biochemistry) Any reaction or process that forms an adenylate but especially such a posttranslational modification to a protein.


lexentry: eng/adessive_case__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adessive case
trans_list: caso adessivo
sense:
(grammar) A noun case used to indicate adjacent location. In English, this is usually expressed by the prepositions near, at, or by, as in "by the house." Languages that use the adessive case include Finnish, Hungarian, Estonian, Lezgi and Lithuanian.


lexentry: eng/adhesin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adhesin
trans_list: adesina
sense:
(biochemistry) Any of several factors that enable bacteria to adhere to epithelial surfaces as a step towards infection.


lexentry: eng/adiabatic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adiabatic
trans_list: adiabatico
sense:
(physics, thermodynamics, of a process) That occurs without gain or loss of heat (and thus with no change in entropy, in the quasistatic approximation).


lexentry: eng/adicity__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adicity
trans_list: arietà
sense:
(logic, mathematics, computer science) The number of arguments or operands a function or operation takes. For a relation, the number of domains in the corresponding Cartesian product.


lexentry: eng/adipic_acid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adipic acid
trans_list: acido adipico
sense:
(organic compound) A white crystalline dicarboxylic acid, C4H8(COOH)2; it has many industrial applications; when condensed with hexamethylene diamine it produces nylon.


lexentry: eng/adipocere__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adipocere
trans_list: adipocera
sense:
A brown, fatty, waxy substance (fatty acids) that forms on dead animal tissues in response to hydrolysis


lexentry: eng/adit__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adit
trans_list: cunicolo
sense:
A horizontal or nearly horizontal passage from the surface into a mine, as contrasted with a shaft or vertical entry passage. An adit may be used for ventilation, haulage, drainage, or other purposes.


lexentry: eng/adjoin__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: adjoin
trans_list: aggiungere
sense:
(transitive, mathematics, chiefly, algebra, and, number theory) To extend an algebraic object (e.g. a field, a ring, etc.) by adding to it (an element not belonging to it) and all finite power series of (the element).


lexentry: eng/adjunct_professor__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adjunct professor
trans_list: professore associato
sense:
(US, education) A college professor who is employed part-time or for a limited time, is junior to a full professor, or is otherwise not eligible for tenure.


lexentry: eng/adjustable_pliers__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: adjustable pliers
trans_list: pinza a pappagallo | pinza regolabile
sense:
A type of pliers used by plumbers that can be quickly changed in size and is primarily used for tightening nuts on water pipes.


