# translation

lexentry: eng/hospitality__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hospitality
trans_list: hospitalité
sense:
The act or service of welcoming, receiving, hosting, or entertaining guests; an appropriate attitude of openness, respect, and generosity toward guests.


lexentry: eng/hospitality__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: hospitality
trans_list: hôtellerie-restauration
sense:
(business) The business of providing catering, lodging and entertainment service; the industry which includes the operation of hotels, restaurants, and similar enterprises.


lexentry: eng/hospitalization__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hospitalization
trans_list: hospitalisation
sense:
The hospitalizing of a patient, the condition of being hospitalized, or the period a patient stays in hospital.


lexentry: eng/host__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: host
trans_list: hôte
sense:
(ecology) A cell or organism which harbors another organism or biological entity, usually a parasite.


lexentry: eng/host__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: host
trans_list: armée | ost
sense:
A multitude of people arrayed as an army; used also in religious senses, as: Heavenly host (of angels)


lexentry: eng/host_desecration__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: host desecration
trans_list: Accusation de profanation d'hosties contre les Juifs
sense:
(Christianity) The sacrilegious mistreatment or malicious use of the host (consecrated bread of the Eucharist).


lexentry: eng/hostage__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hostage
trans_list: otage
sense:
A person given as a pledge or security for the performance of the conditions of a treaty or similar agreement, such as to ensure the status of a vassal.


lexentry: eng/hostel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hostel
trans_list: auberge | pension
sense:
A commercial overnight lodging place, with dormitory accommodation and shared facilities, especially a youth hostel.


lexentry: eng/hostile__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hostile
trans_list: hostile
sense:
Not friendly; appropriate to an enemy; showing the disposition of an enemy; showing ill will and malevolence or a desire to thwart and injure.


lexentry: eng/hostility__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: hostility
trans_list: hostilité
sense:
(countable) A hostile action, especially a military action. See hostilities for specific plural definition.


lexentry: eng/hot-air_balloon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hot-air balloon
trans_list: montgolfière | ballon à air chaud
sense:
A balloon-shaped aircraft whose bag is inflated with hot air, carrying passengers and crew in a gondola slung underneath.


lexentry: eng/hot_air__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hot air
trans_list: air chaud
sense:
(literal) Air that has been heated, especially so as to function as the lifting agent of a hot-air balloon.


lexentry: eng/hot_dog__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hot dog
trans_list: hot-dog | chien chaud | roteux
sense:
A sandwich consisting of a frankfurter or wiener, in a bread roll, usually topped with ketchup, mustard, relish, etc.


lexentry: eng/hot_flush__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hot flush
trans_list: bouffée de chaleur
sense:
(UK, Canada, AU, NZ) A sudden, but brief, sensation of heat over the entire body; a common symptom of the menopause.


lexentry: eng/hot_pot__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: hot pot
trans_list: fondue chinoise
sense:
A communal meal, popular in China, where diners share a bowl of hot broth or stock into which uncooked foods such as mushrooms, vegetables, and cuts of meat are dipped until they are cooked enough to be eaten.


lexentry: eng/hot_potato__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hot potato
trans_list: patate chaude
sense:
(uncountable) A child's game in which players pass a ball or other item between them, with the object of avoiding being left holding the item when time expires.


lexentry: eng/hot_spot__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hot spot
trans_list: point chaud
sense:
(geology, planetology) The surface manifestation of a plume of molten material that rises from deep in a celestial body's mantle.


lexentry: eng/hot_water_bottle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hot water bottle
trans_list: bouillotte
sense:
A flexible, saclike bottle, usually made of rubber, intended to be filled with hot water and placed on some part of the body for thermotherapy, or simple warming.


lexentry: eng/hot_water_heater__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hot water heater
trans_list: chauffe-eau
sense:
An apparatus, usually fuel-burning, electric or solar-powered, in which water is heated to be used directly as domestic hot water or process hot water (but not for supplying space heating, calorifiers etc, for which a boiler or furnace is used).


lexentry: eng/hotbed__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: hotbed
trans_list: nid
sense:
(by extension) An environment that is ideal for the growth or development of something, especially of something undesirable.


lexentry: eng/hotchpot__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: hotchpot
trans_list: rapport à succession
sense:
(civil law, inheritance) The blending together of property so as to achieve equal division, mainly in the case of inheritance.


lexentry: eng/hotel__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: hotel
trans_list: hôtel
sense:
An establishment that provides accommodation and other services for paying guests; normally larger than a guesthouse, and often one of a chain. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/hotheaded__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hotheaded
trans_list: exalté
sense:
Pertaining to or characteristic of a hothead or hotheadedness; (of a person) easily excited or angered.


lexentry: eng/hothouse__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: hothouse
trans_list: vivier
sense:
(figurative) An environment in which growth or development is encouraged naturally or artificially; a hotbed.


lexentry: eng/hound's_tongue__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hound's tongue
trans_list: cynoglosse
sense:
A biennial weed (Cynoglossum officinale) with soft tongue-shaped leaves and an offensive odour. It bears nutlets covered with barbed or hooked prickles.


lexentry: eng/hour__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: hour
trans_list: heures | heure
sense:
(Christianity, in the plural) The set times of prayer, the canonical hours, the offices or services prescribed for these, or a book containing them.


lexentry: eng/houri__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: houri
trans_list: houri
sense:
(Islam) A nymph in the form of a beautiful virgin supposed to dwell in Paradise for the enjoyment of the faithful.


lexentry: eng/house-search__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: house-search
trans_list: perquisition
sense:
A thorough search of a home or other privately owned real estate as part of an official (notably judicial) investigation.


lexentry: eng/house__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: house
trans_list: chambre | maison
sense:
A building used for something other than a residence (typically with qualifying word). [from 10th c.]


lexentry: eng/house__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: house
trans_list: maison
sense:
A place of business; a company or organisation, especially a printing press, a publishing company, or a couturier. [from 10th c.]


lexentry: eng/house__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: house
trans_list: maison
sense:
A place of public accommodation or entertainment, especially a public house, an inn, a restaurant, a theatre, or a casino; or the management thereof. [from 10th c.]


lexentry: eng/house__Noun__1
sense_num: 08
written_rep: house
trans_list: chambre | maison
sense:
(politics) A building where a deliberative assembly meets; whence the assembly itself, particularly a component of a legislature. [from 10th c.]


lexentry: eng/house__Noun__1
sense_num: 09
written_rep: house
trans_list: maison
sense:
A dynasty; a family with its ancestors and descendants, especially a royal or noble one. [from 10th c.]


lexentry: eng/house_arrest__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: house arrest
trans_list: résidence surveillée | assignation à résidence
sense:
(legal) Confinement of a person to his or her residence, sometimes with a limited travel allowance, ordered by a judge or other authority as a more lenient alternative to imprisonment.


lexentry: eng/house_music__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: house music
trans_list: house | house music | musique house
sense:
(music genre) A particular type of electronic dance music with an uptempo beat and recurring kickdrum.


lexentry: eng/house_number__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: house number
trans_list: numéro de maison
sense:
The number (street address) assigned to a particular house to distinguish it from other buildings on the same street.


lexentry: eng/house_of_correction__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: house of correction
trans_list: correction
sense:
(UK, historical) A kind of residential penitentiary facility, built after the passing of the Elizabethan Poor Law (1601), where those who were "unwilling to work", including vagrants and beggars, were set to work.


lexentry: eng/house_points__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: house points
trans_list: bon point
sense:
(usually, in the plural, British) Point awarded to a member of the house of a grammar school or public school for sporting and other achievement.


lexentry: eng/house_sparrow__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: house sparrow
trans_list: moineau domestique | piaf | moineau franc
sense:
A bird of the species Passer domesticus, native to much of Eurasia, introduced in many other temperate environments.


lexentry: eng/house_wine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: house wine
trans_list: vin de maison | vin de pays
sense:
A relatively inexpensive wine sold in a restaurant, often by the glass as well as by the bottle or unmarked carafe; both red and white are normally offered.


lexentry: eng/housebreaker__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: housebreaker
trans_list: cambrioleur
sense:
A criminal who breaks into and enters another's house or premises with the intent of committing a crime.


lexentry: eng/housekeeper__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: housekeeper
trans_list: gouvernante
sense:
Someone (traditionally a woman) employed to look after the home, typically by managing domestic servants or superintending household management; also someone with equivalent duties in a hotel, institution etc. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/housekeeper__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: housekeeper
trans_list: ménagère
sense:
Someone who manages the running of a home, traditionally the female head of the household. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/housemaid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: housemaid
trans_list: femme de ménage
sense:
A female domestic worker attached to the non-servant quarter part of the house, as opposed to a scullery maid.


lexentry: eng/housewife__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: housewife
trans_list: femme au foyer | garce | maîtresse de maison | mère au foyer
sense:
(plural "housewives") The wife of a householder; the mistress of a family; the female head of a household.


lexentry: eng/housewife__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: housewife
trans_list: boîte à ouvrage | trousse de couture
sense:
(plural "housewifes") A little case or bag for materials used in sewing, and for other articles of female work.


lexentry: eng/housing_estate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: housing estate
trans_list: lotissement | grand ensemble
sense:
A group of often architecturally similar buildings constructed at the same time. Primarily for residential accommodation, estates may also include commercial facilities.


lexentry: eng/hover__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: hover
trans_list: placer le curseur [[au-dessus]] [[d'un]] hyperlien
sense:
(computing) Chiefly followed by over: to use a mouse or other device to place a cursor over something on a screen such as a hyperlink or icon without clicking, so as to produce a result (such as the appearance of a tooltip).


lexentry: eng/hovercraft__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hovercraft
trans_list: aéroglisseur
sense:
(vehicle, genericized trademark) A vehicle supported on a cushion of air, able to traverse many different types of terrain and travel over water, used for transport.


lexentry: eng/hoverfly__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hoverfly
trans_list: syrphe
sense:
Any of various flies from the family Syrphidae that hover in the air and feed on the nectar of flowers.


lexentry: eng/how__Adverb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: how
trans_list: comme | que | comment
sense:
(exclamative) Used as a modifier to indicate surprise, delight, or other strong feelings in an exclamation.


lexentry: eng/how_about_that__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: how about that
trans_list: ça alors | ça par exemple
sense:
(rhetorical question) A general statement of surprise or bemusement with regard to a particular event.; isn't that good, or unexpected, etc.


lexentry: eng/how_are_you__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: how are you
trans_list: comment vas-tu | comment ça va | comment allez-vous | ça va
sense:
(idiomatic) An informal greeting, not requiring a literal response. In form a question, and thus followed by a question mark. Typical responses include:


lexentry: eng/how_do_you_do__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: how do you do
trans_list: enchanté | enchantée
sense:
(formal) A greeting used upon being introduced to someone. Alternatives are how are you, pleased to meet you, and nice to meet you. (Sometimes used as a rhetorical question among familiar parties, depending on the region).


lexentry: eng/howitzer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: howitzer
trans_list: obusier
sense:
A cannon that combines certain characteristics of field guns and mortars, delivering projectiles with medium velocities, usually with relatively high trajectories; normally a cannon with a tube length of 20 to 30 calibers.


lexentry: eng/hoy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hoy
trans_list: heu
sense:
(nautical) A small coaster vessel, usually sloop-rigged, used in conveying passengers and goods, or as a tender to larger vessels in port.


lexentry: eng/huddle__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: huddle
trans_list: se blottir
sense:
(intransitive) To curl one's legs up to the chest and keep one's arms close to the torso; to crouch; to assume a position similar to that of an embryo in the womb.


lexentry: eng/hue_and_cry__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: hue and cry
trans_list: clameur
sense:
(by extension) A loud and persistent public clamour, especially one associated with protest or the making of some demand.


lexentry: eng/huff__Verb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: huff
trans_list: frimer
sense:
(intransitive) To bluster or swell with anger, arrogance, or pride; to storm; to take offense. [from the 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/hug__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hug
trans_list: étreinte | câlin | embrassade | accolade
sense:
A close embrace, especially when charged with an emotion such as affection, joy, relief, lust, anger, aggression, compassion, and the like, as opposed to being characterized by formality, equivocation or ambivalence (a half-embrace or "little hug").


lexentry: eng/hugbox__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: hugbox
trans_list: hugbox
sense:
(slang, derogatory, offensive) An environment or thing which validates or reinforces a limited set of feelings or ideas.


lexentry: eng/huh__Interjection__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: huh
trans_list: hein | oh
sense:
(slang, with falling pitch) Used either to belittle the issuer of a statement/question, or sarcastically to indicate utter agreement, and that the statement being responded to is an extreme understatement. The intonation is changed to distinguish between the two meanings - implied dullness for belittlement, and feigned surprise for utter agreement.


lexentry: eng/huke__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: huke
trans_list: huque
sense:
(historical) An outer garment (robe or cloak) worn by men and women in Europe in the Middle Ages, either as civilian clothing or over armor.


lexentry: eng/hula_hoop__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hula hoop
trans_list: hula hoop
sense:
A toy in the form of a large hoop which is twirled around various parts of the body, especially the waist.


lexentry: eng/hulk__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hulk
trans_list: épave
sense:
(by extension) A non-functional but floating ship, usually stripped of equipment and rigging, and often put to other uses such as accommodation or storage.


lexentry: eng/hull__Noun__2
sense_num: 02
written_rep: hull
trans_list: coque
sense:
(mathematics, geometry, of a set A) The smallest set that possesses a particular property (such as convexity) and contains every point of A; slightly more formally, the intersection of all sets which possess the specified property and of which A is a subset.


lexentry: eng/huller__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: huller
trans_list: décortiqueuse
sense:
One who, or that which, hulls; especially, an agricultural machine for removing the hulls from grain; a hulling machine.


lexentry: eng/hum__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hum
trans_list: fredonner
sense:
(intransitive) To make a sound from the vocal chords without pronouncing any real words, with one's lips closed.


lexentry: eng/human_being__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: human being
trans_list: être humain | homme | humain | humaine
sense:
A person; a large sapient, bipedal primate, with notably less hair than others of that order, of the species Homo sapiens.


lexentry: eng/human_capital__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: human capital
trans_list: capital humain
sense:
(economics) The stock of competencies, knowledge, habits, social and personality attributes, including creativity, cognitive abilities, embodied in the ability to perform labor so as to produce economic value.


lexentry: eng/human_chain__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: human chain
trans_list: chaîne humaine
sense:
(politics) A form of demonstration in which people link their arms as a show of political solidarity.


lexentry: eng/human_condition__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: human condition
trans_list: condition humaine
sense:
(usually, preceded by the) What it means to be human; the experiences, characteristics, and limitations of life shared by all humans, as opposed to other lifeforms.


lexentry: eng/human_immunodeficiency_virus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: human immunodeficiency virus
trans_list: virus de l'immunodéficience humaine
sense:
(virology) Either of the two related viruses, human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) and human immunodeficiency virus 2 (HIV-2) that progressively destroy the body's immune system and can potentially lead to AIDS.


lexentry: eng/human_resources__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: human resources
trans_list: ressources humaines
sense:
(management) The personnel department of an organization, dealing with the recruitment, administration, management and training of employees; abbreviated as HR.


lexentry: eng/human_rights__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: human rights
trans_list: droits de l'homme | droits humains | droits de la personne
sense:
(international law) The set of basic rights and freedoms that all humans should be guaranteed, including the right to life and liberty, freedom of thought and expression, and equality before the law.


lexentry: eng/human_shield__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: human shield
trans_list: bouclier humain
sense:
(military) Civilians which a military group has deliberately placed combat targets near to deter an enemy from attacking those targets.


lexentry: eng/human_trafficking__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: human trafficking
trans_list: traite | trafic [[d']]êtres humains
sense:
A criminal activity in which people are recruited, harboured, transported, bought, or kidnapped to serve an exploitative purpose, such as sexual slavery, forced labor, or child soldiery.


lexentry: eng/humane__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: humane
trans_list: humain
sense:
Pertaining to branches of learning concerned with human affairs or the humanities, especially classical literature or rhetoric.


lexentry: eng/humanism__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: humanism
trans_list: humanisme
sense:
(historical, often capitalized) Specifically, a cultural and intellectual movement in 14th-16th century Europe characterised by attention to classical culture and a promotion of vernacular texts, notably during the Renaissance. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/humanism__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: humanism
trans_list: humanisme
sense:
An ethical system that centers on humans and their values, needs, interests, abilities, dignity and freedom; especially used for a secular one which rejects theistic religion and superstition. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/humanitarian_corridor__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: humanitarian corridor
trans_list: corridor humanitaire | couloir humanitaire
sense:
A type of temporary demilitarized zone intended to allow the safe transit of humanitarian aid into, and/or refugees out of, a crisis-hit region.


lexentry: eng/humanoid__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: humanoid
trans_list: humanoïde
sense:
Having the appearance or characteristics of a human; being anthropomorphic under some criteria (physical, mental, genetical, ethological, ethical etc.).


lexentry: eng/humid__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: humid
trans_list: humide | mouillé
sense:
Containing perceptible moisture (usually describing air or atmosphere); damp; moist; somewhat wet or watery.


lexentry: eng/humidor__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: humidor
trans_list: humidor
sense:
A container designed to keep its contents at a constant humidity; especially such a box for storing cigars.


lexentry: eng/hummus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hummus
trans_list: houmous
sense:
A Levantine Arab dip made of chickpea paste with various additions, such as olive oil, fresh garlic, lemon juice, and tahini, often eaten with pitta bread, or as a meze.


lexentry: eng/humorist__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: humorist
trans_list: humoriste
sense:
A humorous or witty person, especially someone skilled in humorous writing or performance. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/humour__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: humour
trans_list: humeur | disposition
sense:
(uncountable) A mood, especially a bad mood; a temporary state of mind or disposition brought upon by an event; an abrupt illogical inclination or whim.


lexentry: eng/humour__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: humour
trans_list: humeur
sense:
(archaic, or, historical) Any of the fluids in an animal body, especially the four "cardinal humours" of blood, yellow bile, black bile and phlegm that were believed to control the health and mood of the human body.


lexentry: eng/humour__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: humour
trans_list: humour
sense:
(medicine) Either of the two regions of liquid within the eyeball, the aqueous humour and vitreous humour.


lexentry: eng/humph__Interjection__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: humph
trans_list: hum
sense:
(onomatopoeia) A sound, usually made with a closed mouth pouting, indicating annoyance, indignation, disapproval, doubt, or sighing.


lexentry: eng/humuhumunukunukuapuaa__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: humuhumunukunukuapuaa
trans_list: baliste écharpe
sense:
Either of two species, Rhinecanthus aculeatus and Rhinecanthus rectangulus, of triggerfishes native to the reefs of Hawaii.


lexentry: eng/humus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: humus
trans_list: humus
sense:
A large group of natural organic compounds, found in the soil, formed from the chemical and biological decomposition of plant and animal residues and from the synthetic activity of microorganisms.


lexentry: eng/hundredweight__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hundredweight
trans_list: quintal
sense:
(historical) Various units of ancient measurement systems consisting of 100 units usually translated as "pounds".


lexentry: eng/hung__Adjective__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: hung
trans_list: lent | mou
sense:
(computing, colloquial) Of a computer or similar device, receiving power but not functioning as desired; working very slowly or not at all. The condition is often corrected by rebooting the computer.


lexentry: eng/hung__Adjective__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: hung
trans_list: bien membré | bien monté | burné
sense:
(colloquial, of a person, slightly, _, vulgar) Having a large penis (often preceded by an adverb, e.g. well hung).


lexentry: eng/hunger__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: hunger
trans_list: avoir soif
sense:
(figuratively, intransitive, usually, _, with 'for' or 'after') To have a desire (for); to long; to yearn.


lexentry: eng/hunger_stone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hunger stone
trans_list: pierre de la faim
sense:
A stone, either naturally exposed or intentionally embedded in a river during a drought, which is dated and often inscribed to mark the water level as a warning to future generations that they may face famine if the water reaches that low level again. Such stones are common in Central Europe.


lexentry: eng/hunter-gatherer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hunter-gatherer
trans_list: chasseur-cueilleur
sense:
A member of a group of people who live by hunting animals and gathering edible plants for their main food sources, and who do not keep animals or farm land.


lexentry: eng/hunting__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hunting
trans_list: chasse | vènerie
sense:
The act of finding and killing a wild animal, either for sport or with the intention of using its parts to make food, clothes, etc.


lexentry: eng/hunting_horn__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hunting horn
trans_list: trompe de chasse | cor de chasse | huchet
sense:
(music) A bugle, being either simply curved (especially in heraldry), or having from one (in e.g. some Roman horns) to three (in many modern musical horns) spirals, on which signals are blown during a hunt.


lexentry: eng/hunting_knife__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hunting knife
trans_list: couteau de chasse
sense:
A knife optimized for use in hunting animals, usually with a substantial belly and sometimes with a back edge that is partially serrated#Adjective for sawing#Noun; fixed-blade and folding versions are both popular, and tasks such as field dressing, skinning#Noun, and bushcraft are anticipated.


lexentry: eng/hunting_whip__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hunting whip
trans_list: le fouet de chasse
sense:
A whip with a hooked horn handle (that can be used for opening gates), a short shaft or stock, and a long leather thong with a silk or cord lash.


lexentry: eng/hurdle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hurdle
trans_list: haie | obstacle
sense:
(athletics, horses) An artificial barrier, variously constructed, over which athletes or horses jump in a race.


lexentry: eng/hurdle__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: hurdle
trans_list: claie
sense:
A movable frame of wattled twigs, osiers, or withes and stakes, or sometimes of iron, used for enclosing land, for folding sheep and cattle, for gates, etc.; also, in fortification, used as revetments, and for other purposes.


lexentry: eng/hurdy-gurdy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hurdy-gurdy
trans_list: vielle à roue
sense:
(musical instrument) A stringed instrument that produces a droning sound by turning a handle that connects to a wheel that rubs against a rosined string, with a keyboard also used to alter the pitch of the string.


lexentry: eng/hurricane__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hurricane
trans_list: ouragan
sense:
A severe tropical cyclone in the North Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea, Gulf of Mexico, or in the eastern North Pacific off the west coast of Mexico, with winds of 119 km/h (74 miles per hour) or greater accompanied by rain, lightning, and thunder that sometimes moves into temperate latitudes.


lexentry: eng/hurt_a_fly__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hurt a fly
trans_list: ne pas faire de mal à une mouche
sense:
(idiomatic, chiefly in the negative, chiefly with a conditional) To hurt or damage something even a little.


lexentry: eng/hurtle__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hurtle
trans_list: foncer | élancer
sense:
To cause (someone or something) to collide with or hit another person or thing; or (two people or things) to collide with or hit each other.


lexentry: eng/husband_and_wife__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: husband and wife
trans_list: mari et femme
sense:
Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see husband,‎ and,‎ wife. (This entry is a translation hub.)


lexentry: eng/husband_stitch__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: husband stitch
trans_list: point du mari
sense:
An extra stitch made by a doctor after an episiotomy in order to make the opening of the vagina smaller, supposedly to increase the pleasure of a male partner during sex.


lexentry: eng/husbandry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: husbandry
trans_list: agriculture
sense:
The occupation or work of a husbandman or farmer; the cultivation of crops and the raising of livestock; agriculture.


lexentry: eng/husk__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: husk
trans_list: écale
sense:
The dry, leafy or stringy exterior of certain vegetables or fruits, which must be removed before eating the meat inside.


lexentry: eng/hut__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hut
trans_list: hutte
sense:
A small, simple one-storey dwelling or shelter, often with just one room, and generally built of readily available local materials.


lexentry: eng/hutong__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hutong
trans_list: hutong
sense:
A narrow alley or street in a traditional residential district of a city in China, especially Beijing. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/hyaluronic_acid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hyaluronic acid
trans_list: acide hyaluronique
sense:
(organic compound, biochemistry) A mucopolysaccharide (a kind of polymer) that forms a gel-like substance within animal connective tissue.


lexentry: eng/hybrid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hybrid
trans_list: hybride
sense:
(biology) Offspring resulting from cross-breeding different entities, e.g. two different species or two purebred parent strains.


lexentry: eng/hybrid__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: hybrid
trans_list: hybride
sense:
Something of mixed origin or composition; often, a tool or technology that combines the benefits of formerly separate tools or technologies.


lexentry: eng/hybrid_warfare__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hybrid warfare
trans_list: guerre hybride
sense:
a military strategy that blends conventional warfare and irregular warfare across the full spectrum of conflict.


lexentry: eng/hydathode__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hydathode
trans_list: hydathode
sense:
(botany) A tissue, in the leaves of many plants, that contains microscopic pores through which water is excreted.


lexentry: eng/hydra__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hydra
trans_list: hydre
sense:
Any of several small freshwater polyps of the genus Hydra and related genera, having a naked cylindrical body and an oral opening surrounded by tentacles.


lexentry: eng/hydracid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hydracid
trans_list: hydracide
sense:
(chemistry) An acid that does not contain any oxygen as opposed to an oxyacid; they are all binary compounds of hydrogen and a halogen or pseudohalogen.


lexentry: eng/hydraulic_engineering__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hydraulic engineering
trans_list: génie hydraulique
sense:
A sub-discipline of civil engineering concerned with the flow and conveyance of fluids, principally water and sewage.


lexentry: eng/hydraulic_fracturing__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hydraulic fracturing
trans_list: fracking | fracturation hydraulique | hydrofracturation
sense:
(oil drilling) A technique in which a mixture of water and sand is forced down an oil well (or similar) in order to create fractures in the oil-bearing rock and thus release more oil.


lexentry: eng/hydraulics__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hydraulics
trans_list: hydraulique
sense:
The engineering science that deals with practical applications where liquid is in motion and transmits energy.


lexentry: eng/hydrazide__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hydrazide
trans_list: hydrazide
sense:
(chemistry) any compound derived from an oxoacid by replacing the hydroxide group with -NHNH2 or derived forms -NRNR2


lexentry: eng/hydro__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: hydro
trans_list: énergie hydraulique
sense:
(Canada, uncountable) electrical power supply; specifically, electrical power provided by a utility (as a publicly-owned one); payment or bills for this.


lexentry: eng/hydrocephalus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hydrocephalus
trans_list: hydrocéphalie
sense:
(medicine) A usually congenital condition in which an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the cerebral ventricles causes enlargement of the skull and compression of the brain, destroying much of the neural tissue


lexentry: eng/hydrochloric_acid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hydrochloric acid
trans_list: acide chlorhydrique | acide muriatique
sense:
(inorganic compound) A strong acid made by dissolving the gas hydrogen chloride in water. It reacts with alkalis, bases and many metals to form chlorides; it has many industrial applications.


lexentry: eng/hydroelectric__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hydroelectric
trans_list: hydro-électrique | hydroélectrique
sense:
that generates electricity by converting the energy of moving water, or of steam escaping under high pressure


lexentry: eng/hydrogen_bomb__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hydrogen bomb
trans_list: bombe à hydrogène
sense:
A thermonuclear bomb that derives its destructive power from the fusion of isotopes of hydrogen (deuterium and tritium).


lexentry: eng/hydrogen_bromide__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hydrogen bromide
trans_list: bromure d’hydrogène
sense:
(inorganic compound) A colourless gas having an irritating smell; it has the molecular formula HBr, and dissolves in water to form hydrobromic acid; it has many industrial applications including the production of barbiturates and synthetic hormones.


lexentry: eng/hydrogen_chloride__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hydrogen chloride
trans_list: chlorure d'hydrogène
sense:
(inorganic compound) An inorganic compound with the formula HCl. Forms hydrochloric acid when dissolved in water.


lexentry: eng/hydrogen_fluoride__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hydrogen fluoride
trans_list: fluorure d’hydrogène
sense:
(inorganic compound) a colorless fuming liquid or gas, with molecular formula HF. It dissolves in water to form hydrofluoric acid and has many industrial uses including the production of Teflon and the refining of uranium; it corrodes skin, flesh and bone, and any skin contact must be avoided


lexentry: eng/hydrogen_peroxide__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hydrogen peroxide
trans_list: eau oxygénée | peroxyde d'hydrogène
sense:
(inorganic compound) A colourless liquid, H2O2, soluble in water, used as a mild antiseptic, bleaching agent (especially for bleaching hair), oxidizing agent and chemical reagent.


lexentry: eng/hydrogen_sulfide__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hydrogen sulfide
trans_list: hydrogène sulfuré | sulfure d'hydrogène
sense:
(inorganic compound) A toxic gas, H2S, smelling like rotten eggs and used in analytical chemistry and industry.


lexentry: eng/hydrogen_vehicle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hydrogen vehicle
trans_list: moteur à hydrogène
sense:
Any vehicle that uses hydrogen as its principal fuel, normally via the electricity produced by a fuel cell.


lexentry: eng/hydrogenate__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hydrogenate
trans_list: hydrogéner
sense:
(chemistry, transitive) to treat something, or react something, with hydrogen; especially to react an unsaturated fat with hydrogen, in the presence of a nickel catalyst, to produce a harder saturated fat


lexentry: eng/hydrogenated__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hydrogenated
trans_list: hydrogéné
sense:
that has been treated, or reacted with hydrogen; especially describing a saturated fat so obtained from an unsaturated fat


lexentry: eng/hydrogenation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hydrogenation
trans_list: hydrogénation
sense:
(chemistry) The chemical reaction of hydrogen with another substance, especially with an unsaturated organic compound, and usually under the influence of temperature, pressure and catalysts.


lexentry: eng/hydrogeology__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hydrogeology
trans_list: hydrogéologie
sense:
The geology of groundwater, especially concerning the physical, biological and chemical properties of its occurrence and movement.


lexentry: eng/hydrography__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hydrography
trans_list: hydrographie
sense:
(nautical) The scientific measurement and description of the physical features and conditions of navigable waters and the shoreline.


lexentry: eng/hydrology__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hydrology
trans_list: hydrologie
sense:
The science of the properties, distribution, and effects of water on a planet's surface, in the soil and underlying rocks, and in the atmosphere


lexentry: eng/hydrolysis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hydrolysis
trans_list: hydrolyse
sense:
(chemistry) A chemical process of decomposition involving the splitting of a bond and the addition of the hydrogen cation and the hydroxide anion of water.


lexentry: eng/hydrometeorology__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hydrometeorology
trans_list: hydrométéorologie
sense:
The branch of meteorology that studies the occurrence, movement and changes of state of water in the atmosphere.


lexentry: eng/hydrophilic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hydrophilic
trans_list: hydrophile
sense:
(physics, chemistry) Having an affinity for water; able to absorb, or be wetted by water; water-loving.


lexentry: eng/hydroplane__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: hydroplane
trans_list: glisser
sense:
(automotive, UK) For a car or similar vehicle to slide along the road on a thin film of water between the road and the tyres. This occurs when a car has some speed and comes to somewhere with more water on the road than the weight of the car and the grooves in the tyre tread pattern (if any) can push away. The result is almost no traction at all for steering or braking.


lexentry: eng/hydrostatic_equilibrium__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: hydrostatic equilibrium
trans_list: équilibre hydrostatique
sense:
(astronomy) The state in which a sufficiently massive or warm solid body has relaxed under its own gravity into the plastic shape that it would have if it were liquid, apart possibly from rigid features in the crust.


lexentry: eng/hydrotherapy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hydrotherapy
trans_list: hydrothérapie
sense:
(alternative medicine) Any of various techniques that use water, either externally or internally, for the treatment of disease and for the soothing of pain.


lexentry: eng/hydrotropism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hydrotropism
trans_list: hydrotaxie | hydrotropisme
sense:
(biology) The movement of a plant (or other organism) in response to water, either towards or away from water.


lexentry: eng/hydroxychloroquine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hydroxychloroquine
trans_list: hydroxychloroquine
sense:
(pharmaceutical drug) A drug derived from quinolone that is taken orally in the form of its sulfate C18H26ClN3O·H2SO4 to treat malaria, rheumatoid arthritis, and lupus erythematosus.


lexentry: eng/hydroxyl__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hydroxyl
trans_list: hydroxyle
sense:
(chemistry) A univalent radical or functional group (–OH) in organic chemistry; present in alcohols, phenols, carboxylic acids and certain other classes of compounds.


lexentry: eng/hyena__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hyena
trans_list: hyène
sense:
Any of the medium-sized to large feliform carnivores of the subfamily Hyaenidae, native to Africa and Asia and noted for the sound similar to laughter which they can make if excited.


lexentry: eng/hyena__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: hyena
trans_list: hyène
sense:
(Sub-Saharan Africa) A man that performs ritualized sex acts with recently widowed women and menarchal girls.


lexentry: eng/hygrometer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hygrometer
trans_list: hygromètre
sense:
(meteorology) An instrument that measures the humidity of the air or other gases, especially the relative humidity.


lexentry: eng/hylomorphism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hylomorphism
trans_list: hylémorphisme
sense:
(philosophy) The doctrine that every physical substance is the sum of its component matter and the form taken by that matter.


lexentry: eng/hylozoism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hylozoism
trans_list: hylozoïsme
sense:
A philosophical doctrine espousing that all or some material things possess life, or that all life is inseparable from matter.


lexentry: eng/hypallage__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hypallage
trans_list: hypallage
sense:
(rhetoric, grammar) A construction in which a modifier with meaning associated with one word appears grammatically applied to another, often used as a literary device.


lexentry: eng/hyperbaric_chamber__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hyperbaric chamber
trans_list: caisson hyperbare
sense:
A vessel containing air at an elevated pressure, especially one used to administer oxygen to a patient


lexentry: eng/hyperbaton__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hyperbaton
trans_list: hyperbate
sense:
(grammar) An inversion of the usual or logical order of words or phrases, for emphasis or poetic effect.


lexentry: eng/hyperbola__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hyperbola
trans_list: hyperbole
sense:
(geometry) A conic section formed by the intersection of a cone with a plane that intersects the base of the cone and is not tangent to the cone. The function y(x) = 1/x draws a hyperbola.


lexentry: eng/hyperbole__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hyperbole
trans_list: hyperbole
sense:
(uncountable, rhetoric, literature) Deliberate or unintentional overstatement, particularly extreme overstatement.


lexentry: eng/hyperbolic__Adjective__2
sense_num: 05
written_rep: hyperbolic
trans_list: hyperbolique
sense:
(topology) Of, pertaining to, or in a hyperbolic space (a space having negative curvature or sectional curvature).


lexentry: eng/hyperbolic_cosine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hyperbolic cosine
trans_list: cosinus hyperbolique
sense:
(mathematics) a hyperbolic function that is written in symbol cosh and defined as the following: \cosh(x) = \tfrac 1 2 (e^x + e^{-x})


lexentry: eng/hyperbolic_sine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hyperbolic sine
trans_list: sinus hyperbolique
sense:
(mathematics) A hyperbolic function that is the analogue of the sine function for hyperbolic spaces, taking in a hyperbolic angle as an argument and returning the y-coordinate for the corresponding point on the unit hyperbola. It is written in symbol sinh and can be represented as: \sinh(x) = \tfrac 1 2 (e^x - e^{-x})


lexentry: eng/hyperborean__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hyperborean
trans_list: hyperboréen
sense:
Pertaining to the extreme north of the earth, or (usually jocular) to a specific northern country or area.


lexentry: eng/hyperborean__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hyperborean
trans_list: Hyperboréen
sense:
(Greek mythology, usually capitalised) One of a race of people living in the extreme north, beyond the north wind.


lexentry: eng/hypercorrection__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hypercorrection
trans_list: hypercorrection | fausse régression
sense:
(linguistics) Nonstandard language use that results from the over-application of a perceived prescriptive rule.


lexentry: eng/hypergeometric_distribution__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hypergeometric distribution
trans_list: loi hypergéométrique
sense:
(probability theory, statistics) A discrete probability distribution that describes the probability of k "successes" in a sequence of n draws without replacement from a finite population.


lexentry: eng/hyperhidrosis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hyperhidrosis
trans_list: hyperhidrose
sense:
(pathology) A medical condition with the primary symptom of excessive sweating, in excess of that required for regulation of body temperature.


lexentry: eng/hyperkalemia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hyperkalemia
trans_list: hyperkaliémie
sense:
(biology, medicine) The condition of having an abnormally high concentration of potassium ions in the blood (above the reference range).


lexentry: eng/hyperkinetic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hyperkinetic
trans_list: hyperkinétique
sense:
(neurology, pathology, psychiatry, psychology) Of, relating to, or affected with hyperkinesis or hyperactivity.


lexentry: eng/hyperkinetic_disorder__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hyperkinetic disorder
trans_list: hyperkinésie | trouble hyperkinétique
sense:
(neurology, pathology, psychiatry, psychology) A developmental disorder in which a person has a persistent and pervasive pattern of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity.


lexentry: eng/hyperlink__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hyperlink
trans_list: hyperlien | hypertexte | lien
sense:
Some text or a graphic in an electronic document that can be activated to display another document or trigger an action.


lexentry: eng/hypermedia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hypermedia
trans_list: hypermédia
sense:
(computing) The use of text, data, graphics, audio and video as elements of an extended hypertext system in which all elements are linked so that the user can move among them at will.


lexentry: eng/hypernucleus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hypernucleus
trans_list: hypernoyau
sense:
(physics) a nucleus that consists of protons, neutrons and at least one hyperon, such as a lambda baryon


lexentry: eng/hypernym__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hypernym
trans_list: hyperonyme
sense:
(semantics) A superordinate word or phrase; a term whose referents form a set which includes as a subset the referents of a subordinate term—as, for example, insect being (a hypernym) for ant.


lexentry: eng/hyperon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hyperon
trans_list: hypéron
sense:
(physics) Any baryon (a three-quark particle) with a non-zero strangeness (i.e., whose composition includes one or more strange or anti-strange quarks).


lexentry: eng/hyperparameter__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hyperparameter
trans_list: hyperparamètre
sense:
(Bayesian, _, statistics) A parameter of a prior (as distinguished from inferred parameters of the model for the underlying system under analysis).


lexentry: eng/hyperplane__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hyperplane
trans_list: hyperplan
sense:
(geometry) An n-dimensional generalization of a plane; an affine subspace of dimension n − 1 that splits an n-dimensional space. (In a one-dimensional space, it is a point; in two-dimensional space it is a line; in three-dimensional space, it is an ordinary plane.)


lexentry: eng/hypersexuality__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hypersexuality
trans_list: hypersexualité
sense:
Excessive desire for sexual activity, especially when considered high enough to be clinically significant.


lexentry: eng/hypersonic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hypersonic
trans_list: hypersonique
sense:
(of a speed, aviation) Equal to, or greater than, or capable of achieving, five times the speed of sound.


lexentry: eng/hyperspace__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: hyperspace
trans_list: hyperespace
sense:
(science fiction) A notional space orthogonal to the usual dimensions of space-time often used for faster-than-light travel.


lexentry: eng/hypersphere__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hypersphere
trans_list: hypersphère
sense:
(geometry) The set of all points in a given hyperspace that are at a given distance from a given point; a generalization of a sphere in four or more dimensions.


lexentry: eng/hypertext__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hypertext
trans_list: hypertexte
sense:
(uncountable) Digital text in which the reader may navigate related information through embedded hyperlinks.


lexentry: eng/hyperthymesia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hyperthymesia
trans_list: hyperthymésie
sense:
(neuroscience) A rare condition in which an individual possesses a superior autobiographical memory and is able to recall the vast majority of personal events and experiences in life.


lexentry: eng/hypertrophic_osteoarthropathy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
sense: (medicine) A medical condition of clubbing and periostitis of smaller joints in the hand.
written_rep: hypertrophic osteoarthropathy
trans_list:
ostéoarthropathie hypertrophiante pneumique | syndrome de Pierre-Marie et Foix | syndrome de Pierre-Marie-Bamberger


lexentry: eng/hypertrophy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hypertrophy
trans_list: hypertrophie
sense:
(countable, medicine) An increase in the size of an organ or tissue due to the enlargement of its individual cells.


lexentry: eng/hyphen__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hyphen
trans_list: trait d'union | tiret | tiret du 6
sense:
The symbol "‐", typically used to join two or more words to form a compound term, or to indicate that a word has been split at the end of a line.


lexentry: eng/hyphenate__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hyphenate
trans_list: mettre la césure
sense:
(transitive) to break a word at the end of a line according to the hyphenation rules by adding a hyphen on the end of the line.


lexentry: eng/hypnagogic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: hypnagogic
trans_list: hypnagogique
sense:
That accompanies falling asleep; especially, pertaining to the semi-conscious period immediately preceding sleep.


lexentry: eng/hypnosis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hypnosis
trans_list: hypnose
sense:
A trancelike state, artificially induced, in which a person has a heightened suggestibility, and in which suppressed memories may be experienced.


lexentry: eng/hypocaust__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hypocaust
trans_list: hypocauste
sense:
An underfloor space or flue through which heat from a furnace passes to heat the floor of a room or a bath.


lexentry: eng/hypochondria__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hypochondria
trans_list: hypocondrie
sense:
(medicine) A psychological disorder characterized by excessive preoccupation or worry about having a serious illness.


lexentry: eng/hypochondriasis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hypochondriasis
trans_list: hypocondrie
sense:
(medicine) A mental disorder characterized by excessive fear of or preoccupation with a serious illness, despite medical testing and reassurance to the contrary.


lexentry: eng/hypocrisy__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: hypocrisy
trans_list: hypocrisie | faux-culterie | tartuferie | tartufferie
sense:
The practice of engaging in the same behaviour or activity for which one criticises another; moral self-contradiction whereby the behavior of one or more people belies their own claimed or implied possession of certain beliefs, standards or virtues.


lexentry: eng/hypocrite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hypocrite
trans_list: hypocrite | pharisien | pharisienne | tartufe | tartuffe
sense:
Someone who practices hypocrisy, who pretends to hold beliefs, or whose actions are not consistent with their claimed beliefs. [from early 13th c.]


lexentry: eng/hypocycloid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hypocycloid
trans_list: hypocycloïde
sense:
(geometry) The locus of a point on the circumference of a circle that rolls without slipping inside the circumference of another circle.


lexentry: eng/hypodermic_needle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hypodermic needle
trans_list: aiguille hypodermique
sense:
A hollow needle with a sharp point intended to puncture the skin to draw a fluid from under the skin or inject a fluid under the skin, used as part of a hypodermic syringe.


lexentry: eng/hypodermis__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: hypodermis
trans_list: hypoderme
sense:
(anatomy) A subcutaneous layer of loose connective tissue containing fat cells, lying beneath the dermis.


lexentry: eng/hypoglossal_nerve__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hypoglossal nerve
trans_list: nerf hypoglosse
sense:
(neuroanatomy) Either of the 12th and final pair of cranial nerves which are motor nerves arising from the medulla oblongata and supplying muscles of the tongue in higher vertebrates.


lexentry: eng/hypolimnion__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hypolimnion
trans_list: hypolimnion
sense:
(geography) The perpetually cold layer of water that lies beneath the thermocline of a thermally stratified lake.


lexentry: eng/hypomagnesemia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hypomagnesemia
trans_list: hypomagnésémie
sense:
(biology, medicine) The condition of having an abnormally low concentration of magnesium (Mg) ions in the blood (below the reference range).


lexentry: eng/hypomania__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hypomania
trans_list: hypomanie
sense:
(medicine) A mild form of mania, especially the phase of several mood disorders characterized by euphoria or hyperactivity.


lexentry: eng/hyponym__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hyponym
trans_list: hyponyme
sense:
(semantics) A more specific term; a subordinate grouping word or phrase; a term designating a subclass of another more general class described by the given word.


lexentry: eng/hypophosphatemia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hypophosphatemia
trans_list: hypophosphatémie
sense:
(medicine) An electrolyte disturbance in which there is an abnormally low level of phosphate in the blood, most commonly seen when malnourished patients are given large amounts of carbohydrates, creating a high phosphorus demand in the cells of the body.


lexentry: eng/hypopituitarism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hypopituitarism
trans_list: hypopituitarisme
sense:
(medicine) A decrease in secretion of one or more of the eight hormones normally produced by the pituitary gland.


lexentry: eng/hypoplasia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hypoplasia
trans_list: hypoplasie
sense:
underdevelopment or incomplete development of a tissue or organ, especially when caused by an inadequate or below-normal number of cells


lexentry: eng/hypospadias__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hypospadias
trans_list: hypospadias
sense:
(anatomy) A congenital condition in males in which the opening of the urethra is on the underside of the penis.


lexentry: eng/hypostasis__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: hypostasis
trans_list: hypostase
sense:
(theology) The essential person, specifically the single person of Christ (as distinguished from his two ‘natures’, human and divine), or of the three ‘persons’ of the Trinity (sharing a single ‘essence’). [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/hypostasis__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: hypostasis
trans_list: hypostase
sense:
(psychology) Referring to the hypostatic model of personality; i.e., asserting that humans present themselves in many different aspects or hypostases, depending on the internal and external realities they relate to, including different approaches to the study of personality.


lexentry: eng/hypothalamus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hypothalamus
trans_list: hypothalamus
sense:
(neuroanatomy) A region of the forebrain located below the thalamus, forming the basal portion of the diencephalon, and functioning to regulate body temperature, some metabolic processes and governing the autonomic nervous system.


lexentry: eng/hypothesis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hypothesis
trans_list: hypothèse
sense:
(sciences) Used loosely, a tentative conjecture explaining an observation, phenomenon or scientific problem that can be tested by further observation, investigation and/or experimentation. As a scientific term of art, see the attached quotation. Compare to theory, and quotation given there.


lexentry: eng/hypothyroidism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hypothyroidism
trans_list: hypothyroïdisme
sense:
(pathology) The disease state caused by insufficient production of thyroid hormone by the thyroid gland. [from 1900s]


lexentry: eng/hypotrochoid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hypotrochoid
trans_list: hypotrochoïde
sense:
(geometry) A geometric curve traced by a fixed point on the radius line outside one circle which rotates inside the perimeter of another circle.


lexentry: eng/hypovolemic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hypovolemic
trans_list: hypovolémique
sense:
Of, pertaining to hypovolemia, or characterized by low volume of blood in the circulatory system; as hypovolemic shock.


lexentry: eng/hypoxemia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hypoxemia
trans_list: hypoxémie
sense:
(medicine) An abnormal deficiency in the concentration of oxygen in the blood, be it the partial pressure of oxygen (mm Hg), the content of oxygen (ml oxygen per dl of blood) or the per cent saturation of the blood's hemoglobin, singly or in combination.


lexentry: eng/hypoxia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hypoxia
trans_list: hypoxie
sense:
(pathology) A condition in which tissues (especially the blood) are deprived of an adequate supply of oxygen; anoxia [from 1940s]


lexentry: eng/hyrax__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hyrax
trans_list: daman
sense:
Any of several small, paenungulate herbivorous mammals of the order Hyracoidea, with a bulky frame and fang-like incisors, native to Africa and the Middle East.


lexentry: eng/hyssop__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hyssop
trans_list: hysope
sense:
Any of several aromatic bushy herbs, of the genus Hyssopus, native to Southern Europe and once used medicinally.


lexentry: eng/hysteresis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hysteresis
trans_list: hystérésis | hystérèse
sense:
A property of a system such that an output value is not a strict function of the corresponding input, but also incorporates some lag, delay, or history dependence, and in particular when the response for a decrease in the input variable is different from the response for an increase. For example, a thermostat with a nominal setpoint of 75° might switch the controlled heat source on when the temperature drops below 74°, and off when it rises above 76°.


lexentry: eng/hysteria__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hysteria
trans_list: hystérie
sense:
Behavior exhibiting excessive or uncontrollable emotions, in a wide range from joy to panic but usually including anxiety or fear.


lexentry: eng/háček__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: háček
trans_list: caron | hatchek | accent hirondelle | chevron | háček
sense:
(orthography, and, typography) A caron; a diacritical mark (ˇ) usually resembling an inverted circumflex, but in the cases of ď, Ľ, ľ, and ť resembling a prime (′) instead.


lexentry: eng/hübnerite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: hübnerite
trans_list: hübnérite
sense:
(mineral) A manganese tungstate mineral that forms reddish-brown to black monoclinic prismatic submetallic crystals.


lexentry: eng/iPhone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: iPhone
trans_list: iPhone
sense:
(trademark) A smartphone of a series produced by Apple, which typically combine a camera phone, PDA, multimedia player, and wireless communication device.


lexentry: eng/iamb__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: iamb
trans_list: ïambe
sense:
(prosody) A metrical foot in verse consisting of an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable.


lexentry: eng/iambic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: iambic
trans_list: iambique
sense:
(prosody) Consisting of iambs (metrical feet with an unstressed-stressed pattern) or characterized by their predominance. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]


lexentry: eng/iambic_pentameter__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: iambic pentameter
trans_list: pentamètre iambique
sense:
A poetic meter consisting of lines with five iambic feet each, meaning the even syllables are dominant.


lexentry: eng/iatrogenic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: iatrogenic
trans_list: iatrogène | iatrogénique
sense:
(medicine, of a disease, injury, or other adverse outcome) Induced by the words or actions of the physician or by medical treatment or diagnostic procedure.


lexentry: eng/ibis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ibis
trans_list: ibis
sense:
Any of various long-legged wading birds in the family Threskiornithidae, having long downcurved bills used to probe the mud for prey such as crustaceans.


lexentry: eng/ibisbill__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ibisbill
trans_list: bec-d'ibis tibétain
sense:
Ibidorhyncha struthersii, a species of wading bird in the monotypic family Ibidorhynchidae, inhabiting the shingle riverbanks of the high plateau of Central Asia and the Himalayas.


lexentry: eng/ibrik__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ibrik
trans_list: brick
sense:
A long-spouted pitcher, typically made of brass. Occasionally confused with a Turkish coffee pot, which is properly called "jezve".


lexentry: eng/ice__Verb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: ice
trans_list: glacer
sense:
(transitive) To cover with icing (frosting made of sugar and milk or white of egg); to frost; as cakes, tarts, etc.


lexentry: eng/ice_age__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ice age
trans_list: âge de glace
sense:
(scientific) A period of long-term reduction in the temperature of Earth's surface and atmosphere, resulting in the presence of major polar ice sheets that reach the ocean and calve icebergs.


lexentry: eng/ice_age__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: ice age
trans_list: période glaciaire | glaciation | englaciation
sense:
(colloquial) Any of several glacial periods (within a scientific ice age) marked by episodes of extensive glaciation alternating with episodes of relative warmth (interglacial).


lexentry: eng/ice_cap__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ice cap
trans_list: calotte glaciaire
sense:
A permanent expanse of ice encompassing a large geographical area, as for example in Earth's polar zones (polar ice) or at high elevation. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]


lexentry: eng/ice_cider__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ice cider
trans_list: cidre de glace
sense:
an apple cider made from frozen apples harvested after freezing winter weather has descended on the orchard.


lexentry: eng/ice_core__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ice core
trans_list: carotte de glace
sense:
A core sample removed from an ice sheet, most commonly from the polar ice caps of Antarctica, Greenland or from high mountain glaciers elsewhere, the properties of which can be used to reconstruct a climatic record of a given area.


lexentry: eng/ice_cream_cone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ice cream cone
trans_list: cornet de glace
sense:
A thin, conical confection baked from crepe batter, sealed at its apex, used to hold ice cream while it is being eaten.


lexentry: eng/ice_hole__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ice hole
trans_list: trou glace
sense:
A hole in the ice of a frozen body of water, often man-made with the scope of fishing. (This entry is a translation hub.)


lexentry: eng/ice_rink__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ice rink
trans_list: patinoire
sense:
A specially frozen surface of water on which people skate or play ice hockey; the building that houses such a surface.


lexentry: eng/ice_shelf__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ice shelf
trans_list: plateforme de glace
sense:
A thick, floating platform of ice that forms where a glacier or ice sheet flows down to a coastline and onto the ocean surface. Ice shelves are found in Antarctica, Greenland, and Canada only.


lexentry: eng/ice_tray__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ice tray
trans_list: bac à glaçons
sense:
A household item usually in the form of a plastic or metal device with a series of indentations such that the item may be easily filled with water (or another liquid) for the purpose of being placed in a freezer, from which it will later be removed, at which point it will contain easily separable ice cubes (or frozen cubes of whatever liquid was placed in it).


lexentry: eng/ice_wine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ice wine
trans_list: vin de glace
sense:
A sweet dessert wine made from grapes that are harvested after they have naturally frozen on the vine.


lexentry: eng/iceberg__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: iceberg
trans_list: iceberg | montagne de glace
sense:
A huge mass of ocean-floating ice which has broken off a glacier or ice shelf [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]


lexentry: eng/iceberg_lettuce__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: iceberg lettuce
trans_list: laitue iceberg
sense:
A lettuce cultivar (Lactuca sativa var. capitata) noted for its crunchiness; the most familiar of all lettuces sold in the United States.


lexentry: eng/icebox__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: icebox
trans_list: compartiment à glaçons | congélateur
sense:
(UK) A compartment in a refrigerator that is colder than the rest of the refrigerator and is used as a freezer.


lexentry: eng/icebreaker__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: icebreaker
trans_list: brise-glace
sense:
A ship designed to break through ice so that it, or other ships coming behind, can navigate on frozen seas.


lexentry: eng/icehouse__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: icehouse
trans_list: glacière
sense:
A deep cellar or outdoor building used for the storage of ice or snow; sometimes also used to store food at low temperature.


lexentry: eng/ichor__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ichor
trans_list: ichor
sense:
(Greek mythology) The liquid said to flow in place of blood in the veins of the gods. [from late 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/ichthyosaur__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ichthyosaur
trans_list: ichtyosaure
sense:
Any of several fishlike marine reptiles of the extinct order †Ichthyosauria of the early Triassic to the late Cretaceous period, that had a body somewhat like a porpoise. [from c. 1830]


lexentry: eng/icing__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: icing
trans_list: glaçage
sense:
(cooking) A sweet, often creamy and thick glaze made primarily of sugar, often enriched with ingredients like butter, egg whites, or flavorings, typically used for baked goods.


lexentry: eng/icing_on_the_cake__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: icing on the cake
trans_list: cerise sur le gâteau
sense:
(idiomatic) Something that intensifies the appreciation of something already good (or bad in an ironic sense depending on the context).


lexentry: eng/icon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: icon
trans_list: icône
sense:
An image, symbol, picture, portrait, or other representation usually as an object of religious devotion.


lexentry: eng/icon__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: icon
trans_list: icône
sense:
(religion, especially, Eastern Christianity) A type of religious painting portraying a saint or scene from Scripture, often done on wooden panels.


lexentry: eng/iconoclasm__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: iconoclasm
trans_list: iconoclasme
sense:
The belief in, participation in, or sanction of destroying religious icons and other symbols or monuments, usually with religious or political motives.


lexentry: eng/iconoclast__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: iconoclast
trans_list: iconoclaste
sense:
(historical, Christianity) One who destroys religious images or icons, especially an opponent of the Orthodox Church in the 8th and 9th centuries, or a Puritan during the European Reformation.


lexentry: eng/iconoclastic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: iconoclastic
trans_list: iconoclaste
sense:
Characterized by attack on established and accepted beliefs, customs, or institutions; of or pertaining to iconoclasm.


lexentry: eng/iconography__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: iconography
trans_list: iconographie
sense:
A set of specified or traditional symbolic forms associated with the subject or theme of a stylized genre of art.


lexentry: eng/iconostasis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: iconostasis
trans_list: iconostase
sense:
(Eastern Orthodoxy) A wall of icons between the sanctuary and the nave in an Eastern Orthodox church.


lexentry: eng/icosidodecadodecahedron__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: icosidodecadodecahedron
trans_list: icosidodécadodécaèdre
sense:
a polyhedron having 44 faces, 60 vertices, 120 edges, 12 self intersected faces and 12 nonconvex faces


lexentry: eng/id__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: id
trans_list: ça
sense:
(psychoanalysis) The unconscious impulsive component of the personality in the Freudian psychoanalytic model.


lexentry: eng/ide__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ide
trans_list: ide mélanote
sense:
A freshwater fish of the family Cyprinidae, found across northern Europe and Asia, especially Leuciscus idus. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/idea__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: idea
trans_list: pensée | idée
sense:
More generally, any result of mental activity; a thought, a notion; a way of thinking. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/idea__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: idea
trans_list: idée
sense:
A conception in the mind of something to be done; a plan for doing something, an intention. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/ideal_gas__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ideal gas
trans_list: gaz parfait
sense:
(physics) a hypothetical gas, whose molecules exhibit no interaction, and undergo elastic collision with each other and with the walls of the container


lexentry: eng/idealism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: idealism
trans_list: idéalisme
sense:
The property of a person of having high ideals that are usually unrealizable or at odds with practical life.


lexentry: eng/idealism__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: idealism
trans_list: idéalisme
sense:
(philosophy) An approach to philosophical enquiry, which asserts that direct and immediate knowledge can only be had of ideas or mental pictures.


lexentry: eng/idempotence__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: idempotence
trans_list: idempotence
sense:
(mathematics, computing) A quality of an action such that repetitions of the action have no further effect on outcome – being idempotent.


lexentry: eng/identical__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: identical
trans_list: identique
sense:
(not comparable) Bearing full likeness by having precisely the same set of characteristics; indistinguishable.


lexentry: eng/identical__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: identical
trans_list: identique | même | mêmes
sense:
(not comparable) Not different or other; not another or others; not different as regards self; selfsame; numerically identical.


lexentry: eng/identification__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: identification
trans_list: identification
sense:
(broadly, often) The combination of identifying (which one, which thing) and validating the identity (proving or confirming it); identifying and authenticating viewed as a unitary concept in cognition.


lexentry: eng/identifier__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: identifier
trans_list: identificateur
sense:
(programming, operating systems) A formal name used in source code to refer to a variable, function, procedure, package, etc. or in an operating system to refer to a process, user, group, etc.


lexentry: eng/identikit__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: identikit
trans_list: portrait-robot
sense:
A picture of a person, reconstructed from strips showing facial features selected to match witnesses' descriptions; used by the police to build a likeness of a person sought for a crime.


lexentry: eng/identity__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: identity
trans_list: identité
sense:
The difference or character that marks off an individual or collective from the rest of the same kind; selfhood; the sense of who something or someone or oneself is, or the recurring characteristics that enable the recognition of such an individual or group by others or themselves.


lexentry: eng/identity_element__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: identity element
trans_list: identité
sense:
(algebra) An element of an algebraic structure which when applied, in either order, to any other element via a binary operation yields the other element.


lexentry: eng/identity_function__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: identity function
trans_list: identité
sense:
(mathematics) A function whose value is always the same as its independent variable, and for which the codomain equals the domain.


lexentry: eng/identity_parade__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: identity parade
trans_list: comparaison
sense:
(UK, Ireland, law enforcement) A process by which a witness confirms the identity of a criminal suspect, by viewing the suspect together with other people who were not involved in the crime.


lexentry: eng/identity_politics__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: identity politics
trans_list: politique identitaire
sense:
(politics) Politics focusing on the self-interest and perspectives of people in various groupings, such as ethnicity, race, religion, gender, sexual orientation, and gender identity.


lexentry: eng/identity_theft__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: identity theft
trans_list: usurpation d'identité
sense:
(law, criminology) The deliberate assumption of another person's identity, usually to gain access to that person's finances or to frame a person for a crime.


lexentry: eng/ideogram__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ideogram
trans_list: idéogramme | idéographe
sense:
A picture or symbol which represents the idea of something without indicating the sequence of sounds used to pronounce it. Examples include digits, traffic signs, and graphic symbols such as @.


lexentry: eng/ideological__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: ideological
trans_list: idéologique
sense:
Based on an ideology or misleading studies or statistics, especially based on the media or propaganda. Not based on scientific evidence or reality.


lexentry: eng/ideophone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ideophone
trans_list: idéophone
sense:
A word that utilizes sound symbolism to express aspects of events that can be experienced by the senses, like smell, color, shape, sound, action, or movement.


lexentry: eng/ides__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ides
trans_list: ides
sense:
(historical, often, _, capitalized) The notional full-moon day of a Roman month, occurring on the 15th day of the four original 31-day months (March, May, Quintilis or July, and October) and on the 13th day of all other months.


lexentry: eng/idiocy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: idiocy
trans_list: idiotie
sense:
(dated, psychology, now, , pejorative) The state or condition of being an idiot; the quality of having an intelligence level far below average; mental retardation; intellectual disability.


lexentry: eng/idiom__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: idiom
trans_list: idiome | idiotisme
sense:
A manner of speaking, a mode of expression peculiar to a language, language family, or group of people.


lexentry: eng/idiom__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: idiom
trans_list: idiome
sense:
A language or language variety; specifically, a restricted dialect used in a given historical period, context etc.


lexentry: eng/idiom__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: idiom
trans_list: idiome | idiotisme
sense:
An established phrasal expression whose meaning may not be deducible from the literal meanings of its component words.


lexentry: eng/idiomaticity__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: idiomaticity
trans_list: idiomaticité
sense:
(linguistics, countable, rare) The state of a linguistic expression which exists when the expression exhibits semantic-pragmatic divergence, when the semantic value of the expression differs from its pragmatic value; that is to say, idiomaticity exists when the inherent meaning of the words expressed does not match the meaning of the expression as understood by the users: the sayer(s) and hearer(s).


lexentry: eng/idiophone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: idiophone
trans_list: idiophone
sense:
Any musical instrument that produces its sound by its own vibration (without any strings or membranes).


lexentry: eng/idiot_light__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: idiot light
trans_list: voyant
sense:
(automotive, slang) Any warning light or indicator on the dashboard of a car, designed to alert the driver to problems, such as the parking brake being on or the oil being low.


lexentry: eng/idiotic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: idiotic
trans_list: idiot | idiotique | stupide
sense:
(of a person or animal) Pertaining to or resembling an idiot; characterised with behaviour resembling idiocy.


lexentry: eng/idioticon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: idioticon
trans_list: glossaire | lexique
sense:
A dictionary of a specific dialect, or of the words and phrases peculiar to one part of a country; a glossary.


lexentry: eng/idol__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: idol
trans_list: idole
sense:
A graven image or representation of anything that is revered, or believed to convey spiritual power.


lexentry: eng/idyll__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: idyll
trans_list: idylle
sense:
Any poem or short written piece composed in the style of Theocritus's short pastoral poems, the Idylls.


lexentry: eng/idyll__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: idyll
trans_list: idylle
sense:
An episode or series of events or circumstances of pastoral or rural simplicity, fit for an idyll; a carefree or lighthearted experience.


lexentry: eng/idée_fixe__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: idée fixe
trans_list: idée fixe | marotte
sense:
(psychology) An idea dominating the mind and maintained despite evidence to the contrary; (loosely), an obsession.


lexentry: eng/if_I_were_you__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: if I were you
trans_list: si j'étais toi | si j'étais vous | à ta place | à votre place
sense:
A phrase said to introduce advice, i.e. to express what one would do in the interlocutor's situation.


lexentry: eng/if__Conjunction__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: if
trans_list: si
sense:
(computing) In the event that a statement is true (a programming statement that acts in a similar manner).


lexentry: eng/if__Conjunction__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: if
trans_list: si | que | soit
sense:
(sometimes, _, proscribed) Whether; used to introduce a noun clause, an indirect question, that functions as the direct object of certain verbs.


lexentry: eng/if_and_only_if__Conjunction__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: if and only if
trans_list: si et seulement si
sense:
(logic, mathematics) Is equivalent to; implies and is implied by; is true and false in the same cases as.


written_rep: if it looks like a duck, swims like a duck, and quacks like a duck, then it probably is a duck
lexentry:
eng/if_it_looks_like_a_duck,_swims_like_a_duck,_and_quacks_like_a_duck,_then_it_probably_is_a_duck__Proverb__1

trans_list:
si ça ressemble à un canard, si ça nage comme un canard et si ça cancane comme un canard, c’est qu’il s’agit sans doute d’un canard


lexentry: eng/if_the_mountain_won't_come_to_Muhammad__Proverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: if the mountain won't come to Muhammad
trans_list: si la montagne ne va pas à toi, va à la montagne
sense:
If something one wishes to be done cannot be commanded done, one must find another way to achieve one's goal.


lexentry: eng/if_the_shoe_fits,_wear_it__Proverb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: if the shoe fits, wear it
trans_list: si le chapeau te fait, mets-le
sense:
(idiom) If it works, there is not a problem using it. Often a response to being judged when using an incorrect tool.


lexentry: eng/if_you_say_so__Interjection__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: if you say so
trans_list: si tu le dis
sense:
(colloquial, dismissive) Used to convey lack of agreement together with a refusal to enter into or continue an argument.


lexentry: eng/ifs,_ands,_or_buts__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ifs, ands, or buts
trans_list: mais
sense:
Modifications, limitations, or addenda; qualifications of any kind; speculations about whether a particular idea or enterprise is good.


lexentry: eng/igneous__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: igneous
trans_list: igné | magmatique
sense:
(geology) Resulting from, or produced by, great heat. With rocks, it could also mean formed from lava or magma.


lexentry: eng/igneous_rock__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: igneous rock
trans_list: roche magmatique
sense:
(geology) one of the major groups of rock that makes up the crust of the Earth; formed by the cooling of molten rock, either below the surface (intrusive) or on the surface (extrusive)


lexentry: eng/ignosticism__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: ignosticism
trans_list: ignosticisme
sense:
The lack of belief that "creator and designer of the universe" is a coherently defined phrase, thus modern religionists do not believe in any god but only have the illusion that they do, and that modern atheists do not disbelieve in any god, or even lack belief in any god, but only have the illusion that they do.


lexentry: eng/iguana__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: iguana
trans_list: iguane
sense:
Colloquially, in Africa, any large member of the genus Varanus, especially the aquatic Nile monitor (see leguan).


lexentry: eng/ileum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ileum
trans_list: iléon
sense:
(anatomy) The last, and usually the longest, division of the small intestine; the part between the jejunum and large intestine.


lexentry: eng/ileus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ileus
trans_list: iléus
sense:
(medicine, modern usage) Disruption of the normal propulsive ability of the gastrointestinal tract, due to failure of peristalsis.


lexentry: eng/ilk__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ilk
trans_list: espèce
sense:
A type, race or category; a group of entities that have common characteristics such that they may be grouped together.


lexentry: eng/ilkhan__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ilkhan
trans_list: ilkhan
sense:
(historical) A provincial khan (originally of the Mongol Empire), especially in Iran between the 13th and 14th centuries.


lexentry: eng/ill-advised__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ill-advised
trans_list: déraisonnable
sense:
Carried out without the benefit of wise counsel or careful deliberation, or carried out with unwise counsel.


lexentry: eng/illegal_combatant__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: illegal combatant
trans_list: combattant illégal
sense:
A person who engages in combat without meeting the requirements for a lawful belligerent according to the laws of war as specified in the Third Geneva Convention.


lexentry: eng/illiquidity__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: illiquidity
trans_list: illiquidité
sense:
(economics) The condition of being illiquid; a lack of liquidity; difficulty in selling out an asset


lexentry: eng/illite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: illite
trans_list: illite
sense:
(mineral) A micaceous phyllosilicate clay mineral with aggregates of grey or white monoclinic crystals.


lexentry: eng/illiterate__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: illiterate
trans_list: analphabète
sense:
Having less than an expected standard of familiarity with language and literature, or having little formal education.


lexentry: eng/illocution__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: illocution
trans_list: illocution
sense:
(linguistics) The aim of a speaker in making an utterance as opposed to the meaning of the terms used.


lexentry: eng/illogically__Adverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: illogically
trans_list: illogiquement
sense:
In an illogical manner, without following methods of sane and correct reasoning, in a manner lacking thought or logic.


lexentry: eng/illustrate__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: illustrate
trans_list: illustrer
sense:
To provide a book or other publication with pictures, diagrams or other explanatory or decorative features.


lexentry: eng/illustration__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: illustration
trans_list: illustration | représentation
sense:
Something which illustrates; a comparison or example intended to make clear or apprehensible, or to remove obscurity.


lexentry: eng/ilmenite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ilmenite
trans_list: ilménite
sense:
(mineral) A weakly magnetic dark gray mineral found in metamorphic and igneous rocks; it is a mixed oxide of iron and titanium, FeTiO3


lexentry: eng/image_processing__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: image processing
trans_list: traitement d'images
sense:
Any form of information processing whose input and output are both images, such as photographs or frames of video.


lexentry: eng/imaginary__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: imaginary
trans_list: imaginaire
sense:
(mathematics, of a number) Having no real part; that part of a complex number which is a multiple of \sqrt{-1} (called imaginary unit).


lexentry: eng/imaginary_axis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: imaginary axis
trans_list: axe imaginaire
sense:
(mathematics) The vertical line in the complex plane, every point on which corresponds to a complex number having zero real component


lexentry: eng/imaginary_number__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: imaginary number
trans_list: nombre imaginaire pur | nombre imaginaire
sense:
(complex analysis, strict sense) A number of the form bi, where b is any real number and i denotes the imaginary unit.


lexentry: eng/imaginary_number__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: imaginary number
trans_list: nombre imaginaire
sense:
(complex analysis, broad sense) A number of the form a + bi, where a and b are real numbers and b is nonzero.


lexentry: eng/imaginary_unit__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: imaginary unit
trans_list: unité imaginaire
sense:
(number theory, complex analysis, quaternion theory) An imaginary number (in the case of complex numbers, usually denoted i) that is defined as a solution to the equation x^2 = -1.


lexentry: eng/imagination__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: imagination
trans_list: imagination
sense:
The image-making power of the mind; the act of mentally creating or reproducing an object not previously perceived; the ability to create such images.


lexentry: eng/imam__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: imam
trans_list: imam
sense:
(usually capitalized) A Shi'ite Muslim leader descended from the prophet Muhammad and functioning as his spiritual successor.


lexentry: eng/imbecile__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: imbecile
trans_list: imbécile
sense:
(obsolete) A person with limited mental capacity who can perform tasks and think only like a young child, in medical circles meaning a person who lacks the capacity to develop beyond the mental age of a normal five- to seven-year-old child.


lexentry: eng/imbue__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: imbue
trans_list: imprégner
sense:
In general, to act in a way which results in an object becoming completely permeated or impregnated by some quality.


lexentry: eng/immersion__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: immersion
trans_list: immersion
sense:
(astronomy) The disappearance of a celestial body, by passing either behind another, as in the occultation of a star, or into its shadow, as in the eclipse of a satellite.


lexentry: eng/immersion_blender__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: immersion blender
trans_list: mélangeur à main
sense:
A long, electric, hand-held tool with sharp blades at the end, designed for immersion into food to mash or liquefy it.


lexentry: eng/immersion_heater__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: immersion heater
trans_list: thermoplongeur
sense:
A device for supplying domestic hot water in which a thermostatically-controlled heating element is immersed within a tank of water


lexentry: eng/immigration__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: immigration
trans_list: immigration
sense:
The act of immigrating; the passing or coming into a country of which one is not native born for the purpose of permanent residence.


lexentry: eng/immiserization__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: immiserization
trans_list: paupérisation
sense:
The process of making miserable or poor, especially of a population as a whole; impoverishment, pauperization.


lexentry: eng/immobiliser__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: immobiliser
trans_list: antidémarrage
sense:
An electronic security device fitted to an automobile that prevents the engine from running unless the correct key (or other token) is present.


lexentry: eng/immoral__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: immoral
trans_list: immoral
sense:
Breaching principles of natural law, rectitude, or justice, and so inconsistent with the demands of virtue, purity, or "good morals"; not right, not moral. (Compare unethical, illegal.)


lexentry: eng/immune_complex__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: immune complex
trans_list: complexe immun
sense:
(biochemistry, immunology) A molecule formed from the integral binding of an antibody to a soluble antigen; an antigen-antibody complex.


lexentry: eng/immune_system__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: immune system
trans_list: système immunitaire
sense:
(anatomy, immunology) The system that differentiates self from non-self and protects the body from foreign substances and pathogenic organisms by producing an immune response. It includes organs such as the thymus, the spleen and lymph nodes; tissue such as bone marrow, and lymphoid tissues such as the tonsils; cells such as lymphocytes including the B cells and T cells, and cell products such as antibodies.


lexentry: eng/immunochemistry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: immunochemistry
trans_list: immunochimie
sense:
(chemistry, immunology) The study of the structure of antibody molecules (immunoglobulins) and of their ability to bind with antigens of diverse chemical structure.


lexentry: eng/immunoglobulin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: immunoglobulin
trans_list: immunoglobuline
sense:
(protein, immunology) Any of the glycoproteins in blood serum that respond to invasion by foreign antigens and that protect the host by removing pathogens; an antibody.


lexentry: eng/immunosuppressive__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: immunosuppressive
trans_list: immunosuppresseur
sense:
(pharmaceutical effect, immunology) Having the capability to suppress the immune system, capable of immunosuppression.


lexentry: eng/immunotherapy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: immunotherapy
trans_list: immunothérapie
sense:
(immunology) The treatment of disease (especially cancers and autoimmune diseases) by adjusting the body's immune response.


lexentry: eng/immunotherapy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: immunotherapy
trans_list: immunothérapie
sense:
(immunology, oncology) The treatment of cancer by improving the ability of the host to reject a tumour immunologically: cancer immunotherapy.


lexentry: eng/immure__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: immure
trans_list: emmurer
sense:
(transitive) To cloister, confine, imprison or hole up: to lock someone up or seclude oneself behind walls.


lexentry: eng/immurement__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: immurement
trans_list: emmurement
sense:
Capital punishment, human sacrifice or life imprisonment by entombing for life or sealing behind walls.


lexentry: eng/imp__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: imp
trans_list: diablotin | lutin
sense:
(chiefly, fiction, and, mythology) A small, mischievous sprite or a malevolent supernatural creature, somewhat comparable to a demon but smaller and less powerful, formerly regarded as the child of the devil or a demon (see sense 3.2). [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/impact_crater__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: impact crater
trans_list: cratère d'impact
sense:
(geology, astronomy) A crater formed from a hypervelocity impact, typically of a meteorite, as opposed to one formed by other means such as vulcanism.


lexentry: eng/impaction__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: impaction
trans_list: enclavement | inclusion
sense:
(dentistry) Failure of a tooth to erupt into the dental arch, because of adjacent teeth, dense overlying bone, excessive soft tissue, or other factor.


lexentry: eng/impala__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: impala
trans_list: impala
sense:
An African antelope, Aepyceros melampus, noted for its leaping ability; the male has ridged, curved horns.


lexentry: eng/impalpable__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: impalpable
trans_list: impalpable
sense:
Not able to be perceived by the senses (especially by touch); intangible or insubstantial; not easily grasped or understood.


lexentry: eng/impatience__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: impatience
trans_list: impatience
sense:
The quality of being impatient; lacking patience; restlessness and intolerance of delays; anxiety and eagerness, especially to begin something.


lexentry: eng/impeachment__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: impeachment
trans_list: impeachment | destitution
sense:
(countable, law, chiefly, US) The act of impeaching or charging a public official with misconduct, especially if serious, often with the aim of having the official dismissed from office.


lexentry: eng/impedance__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: impedance
trans_list: impédance
sense:
(physics) A measure of the opposition to the flow of an alternating current in a circuit; the aggregation of its resistance, and inductive and capacitive reactances; the ratio of voltage to current treated as complex quantities.


lexentry: eng/imperative_mood__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: imperative mood
trans_list: impératif
sense:
(grammar) The grammatical mood generally expressing a command, though also used to express a request or permission.


lexentry: eng/imperfection__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: imperfection
trans_list: imperfection
sense:
(uncountable) Those qualities or features that are imperfect; the characteristic, state, or quality of being imperfect.


lexentry: eng/imperfective_aspect__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: imperfective aspect
trans_list: imperfectif
sense:
(grammar) A feature of a verb which denotes that its action or condition does not have a fixed temporal boundary, but is habitual, unfinished, continuous, repetitive or in progress.


lexentry: eng/imperialism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: imperialism
trans_list: impérialisme
sense:
The policy of forcefully extending a nation's authority by territorial gain or by the establishment of economic and political dominance over other nations.


lexentry: eng/impersonal__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: impersonal
trans_list: impersonnel
sense:
(grammar, of a verb or other word) Not having a subject, or having a third person pronoun without an antecedent.


lexentry: eng/impetigo__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: impetigo
trans_list: impétigo | gourme
sense:
(pathology) A contagious bacterial skin disease forming pustules and yellow crusty sores, chiefly on the face and hands. It is common in children and infection is often through cuts or insect bites.


lexentry: eng/implant__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: implant
trans_list: implant
sense:
(medicine) Anything surgically implanted in the body, such as a tissue graft or prosthesis, particularly breast implants.


lexentry: eng/implantation__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: implantation
trans_list: implantation
sense:
(physics) The insertion of ions into the crystal structure of another material through ion bombardment.


lexentry: eng/implementation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: implementation
trans_list: mise en œuvre
sense:
The process of moving an idea from concept to reality. In business, engineering and other fields, implementation refers to the building process rather than the design process.


lexentry: eng/implicit_function__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: implicit function
trans_list: fonction implicite
sense:
(analysis, algebraic geometry) A function defined by a (multivariable) implicit equation when one of the variables is regarded as the value of the function, especially where said equation is such that the value is not directly calculable from the other variables.


lexentry: eng/implore__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: implore
trans_list: implorer
sense:
(intransitive) Often followed by for (a thing) or of (a person): to express an earnest or urgent plea.


lexentry: eng/impluvium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: impluvium
trans_list: impluvium
sense:
(architecture) A low basin in the center of a household atrium, into which rainwater flowed down from the roof through the compluvium.


lexentry: eng/imply__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: imply
trans_list: sous-entendre | insinuer
sense:
(transitive, of a person or proposition) to hint; to insinuate; to suggest tacitly and avoid a direct statement


lexentry: eng/impostor_syndrome__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: impostor syndrome
trans_list: syndrome de l'autodidacte | syndrome de l'imposteur
sense:
(psychology) A psychological phenomenon in which a person is unable to internalize his or her accomplishments, remaining convinced that he or she does not deserve any accompanying success.


lexentry: eng/imposture__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: imposture
trans_list: fraude
sense:
The act or conduct of an impostor; deception practiced under a false or assumed character; fraud or imposition


lexentry: eng/impoverished__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: impoverished
trans_list: appauvri
sense:
Having lost a component, an ingredient, a faculty or a feature; rendered poor in something; depleted.


lexentry: eng/imprecation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: imprecation
trans_list: exécrer | lancer des imprécations contre | maudire
sense:
The act of imprecating, or invoking evil upon someone; a prayer that a curse or calamity may befall someone.


lexentry: eng/impregnable__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: impregnable
trans_list: inattaquable
sense:
(military) Of a fortress or other fortified place: able to withstand all attacks; impenetrable, inconquerable, unvanquishable.


lexentry: eng/impregnation__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: impregnation
trans_list: imprégnation
sense:
The fact or process of imbuing or saturating with something; diffusion of some element, idea etc. through a medium or substance.


lexentry: eng/impressionism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: impressionism
trans_list: impressionnisme
sense:
(arts) An art movement characterized by visible brushstrokes, ordinary subject matter, and an emphasis on light and its changing qualities.


lexentry: eng/impressionism__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: impressionism
trans_list: impressionnisme
sense:
(music genre) A style that avoided traditional harmony, and sought to invoke the impressions of the composer.


lexentry: eng/impressionistic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: impressionistic
trans_list: impressionniste
sense:
Based on impression rather than reason or fact; based on trying to impress somebody rather than trying for accuracy.


lexentry: eng/impromptu__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: impromptu
trans_list: impromptu
sense:
(by extension) Any composition, musical or otherwise, that is created on the spot without preparation.


lexentry: eng/improvement__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: improvement
trans_list: amélioration
sense:
The act of making profitable use or application of anything, or the state of being profitably employed; practical application, for example of a doctrine, principle, or theory, stated in a discourse.


lexentry: eng/improvise__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: improvise
trans_list: improviser
sense:
To make something up or invent it as one goes on; to proceed guided only by imagination, intuition, and guesswork rather than by a careful plan.


lexentry: eng/improvised_explosive_device__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: improvised explosive device
trans_list: dispositif explosif improvisé | engin explosif de circonstance | engin explosif improvisé
sense:
An unconventional or amateur explosive weapon made from nonmilitary components, especially one used by guerillas, commandos or terrorists.


lexentry: eng/imprudence__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: imprudence
trans_list: imprudence
sense:
(uncountable) The quality or state of being imprudent; lack of prudence, caution, discretion or circumspection.


lexentry: eng/imprudent__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: imprudent
trans_list: imprudent
sense:
Not prudent; lacking prudence or discretion; indiscreet; injudicious; not paying attention to the consequences of one's actions.


lexentry: eng/impugn__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: impugn
trans_list: attaquer | contester | contredire
sense:
(transitive) To verbally assault, especially to argue against an opinion, motive, or action; to question the truth or validity of.


lexentry: eng/impulsive__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: impulsive
trans_list: impulsif
sense:
Actuated by impulse or by transient feelings; inclined to make rapid decisions without due consideration.


lexentry: eng/impunity__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: impunity
trans_list: impunité
sense:
(uncountable) Freedom from punishment or retribution; security from any reprisal or injurious consequences of an action, behaviour etc.


lexentry: eng/impure_s__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: impure s
trans_list: s impur
sense:
In Italian, an /s/ followed by another consonant. When used immediately before a masculine noun beginning with an impure s, the definite article changes from il to lo in the singular and from i to gli in the plural, the indefinite article changes from un to uno, the partitive article changes from dei to degli, and some adjectives and pronouns also change form.This also happens before words beginning with gn, pn, ps, x, y, and z and before certain words starting with ch that are derived from French.


lexentry: eng/impurity__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: impurity
trans_list: impureté
sense:
The condition of being impure; because of contamination, pollution, adulteration or insufficient purification.


lexentry: eng/imputation__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: imputation
trans_list: imputation
sense:
(theology) A setting of something to the account of; the attribution of personal guilt or personal righteousness of another.


lexentry: eng/in-line__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: in-line
trans_list: en rang d'oignons
sense:
(engineering, of an internal-combustion engine) Having all cylinders in a single straight line; straight.


lexentry: eng/in__Adverb__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: in
trans_list: dedans | à l'intérieur
sense:
(in combination, after a verb) Denotes a gathering of people assembled for the stated activity, sometimes, though not always, suggesting a protest.


lexentry: eng/in_a_word__Prepositional_phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: in a word
trans_list: en un mot
sense:
(abbreviative action or effect): In summarization: briefly, concisely, summarily, in short; to sum up


lexentry: eng/in_articulo_mortis__Adverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: in articulo mortis
trans_list: à l'article de la mort
sense:
At the moment of death. (In law, especially canon, or church, law, this expression can mean that someone has been given special permission by a competent authority to enter an organization or to receive some sort of exemption or permission at some point not long before they die, such as receiving diaconal or presbyteral ordination or entering religious profession.)


lexentry: eng/in_black_and_white__Prepositional_phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: in black and white
trans_list: noir sur blanc
sense:
(idiomatic) Explicitly, in writing, clearly and without doubt or misunderstanding, without any grey areas.


lexentry: eng/in_cold_blood__Prepositional_phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: in cold blood
trans_list: de sang froid
sense:
(idiomatic) In a ruthless and unfeeling manner, particularly as applied to first-degree murder committed without provocation and with malice aforethought.


lexentry: eng/in_for_a_penny,_in_for_a_pound__Proverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: in for a penny, in for a pound
trans_list: le premier pas engage au second | quand le vin est tiré, il faut le boire | qui dit A, doit dire B
sense:
Having started something, one must see it through to its end, rather than stopping short; one must “go the whole hog”.


lexentry: eng/in_living_memory__Prepositional_phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: in living memory
trans_list: de mémoire d'homme
sense:
(idiomatic) In recent history, in recorded history amongst the lifespan of extant people; events or situations which can be remembered by people that are still alive.


lexentry: eng/in_my_humble_opinion__Prepositional_phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: in my humble opinion
trans_list: à mon humble avis | à mon humble opinion
sense:
Used to introduce or qualify a statement, as expressing one's own view, not one backed by external authority or to be accepted without question


lexentry: eng/in_other_words__Prepositional_phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: in other words
trans_list: autrement dit | en d'autres termes
sense:
(conjunctive, idiomatic) Stated or interpreted another way; Used to introduce an explanation, simplification, or clarification.


lexentry: eng/in_power__Prepositional_phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: in power
trans_list: au pouvoir
sense:
(politics) Currently ruling; being the present controlling authority, as of a government or country.


lexentry: eng/in_right_of__Preposition__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: in right of
trans_list: du chef du
sense:
(law, government, often, capitalized) jurisdiction of a person who is head of state of more than one state


lexentry: eng/in_terms_of__Preposition__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: in terms of
trans_list: en termes de
sense:
(by extension) in relation to a particular aspect; with respect to; as regards; concerning; regarding.


lexentry: eng/in_the_act__Prepositional_phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: in the act
trans_list: sur le fait
sense:
(idiomatic) In the process of doing something considered criminal or otherwise wrong; used to emphasize the eye-witness evidence.


lexentry: eng/in_the_black__Prepositional_phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: in the black
trans_list: dans le noir
sense:
(accounting, idiomatic) Having positive net income; having greater income than expenses; making a profit.


lexentry: eng/in_the_fast_lane__Prepositional_phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: in the fast lane
trans_list: vie de patachon
sense:
(idiomatic) In a lifestyle, employment position, or other set of circumstances where the rapid pace is exciting, frantic, or risky.


lexentry: eng/in_the_land_of_the_blind,_the_one-eyed_man_is_king__Proverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: in the land of the blind, the one-eyed man is king
trans_list: au royaume des aveugles, les borgnes sont rois
sense:
Even someone with limited abilities or opportunities is dominant over, and considered special by, those who have even fewer abilities and opportunities; the value of any ability depends on its prevalence.


lexentry: eng/in_the_middle_of__Preposition__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: in the middle of
trans_list: en train de
sense:
(often followed by the -ing form of a verb) Engaged in, but not finished with, often with something unpleasant.


lexentry: eng/in_the_offing__Prepositional_phrase__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: in the offing
trans_list: en perspective | à l'horizon
sense:
(idiomatic) Soon to come; likely to happen; in the foreseeable future; projected to occur; on the horizon; in the wind.


lexentry: eng/in_touch__Prepositional_phrase__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: in touch
trans_list: en touche
sense:
(rugby, of a ball or a player) outside the playing area or touching the touchlines of the playing area.


lexentry: eng/in_turn__Prepositional_phrase__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: in turn
trans_list: à leur tour | à son tour
sense:
Having a relationship sequentially comparable to one just mentioned; accordingly or similarly, with respect to sequence, precedence, or hierarchy.


lexentry: eng/in_vain__Adverb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: in vain
trans_list: à la légère
sense:
(idiomatic) In a disrespectful manner, without honoring the proper meaning; insincerely or without proper respect.


lexentry: eng/in_vitro_fertilization__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: in vitro fertilization
trans_list: fécondation in vitro
sense:
(medicine) The fertilization of an egg by sperm outside of a woman's body; normally used as a treatment for infertility.


lexentry: eng/in_your_dreams__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: in your dreams
trans_list: dans tes rêves
sense:
(idiomatic, colloquial) Used to express the speaker's skepticism about another's preceding statement about a desired or assumed state of affairs.


lexentry: eng/inanimacy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: inanimacy
trans_list: inanimacité | inaniméité
sense:
(linguistics) In some languages, opposite of animacy, which affects grammatical features (it can modify verbs used with the noun, affect the noun's declension, etc.).


lexentry: eng/inanition__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: inanition
trans_list: inanition
sense:
(medicine) A state of advanced lack of adequate nutrition, food, or water or a physiological inability to utilize them, with resulting weakness.


lexentry: eng/inanition__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: inanition
trans_list: ineptie | vacuité
sense:
(philosophy) A spiritual emptiness or lack of purpose or will to live, akin to nausea in existentialist philosophy.


lexentry: eng/inanity__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: inanity
trans_list: inanité
sense:
(uncountable) The property of being inane, of lacking material of interest or satisfaction, emptiness.


lexentry: eng/inauguration__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: inauguration
trans_list: inauguration | investiture
sense:
The act of inaugurating, or inducting into office with solemnity; investiture by appropriate ceremonies.


lexentry: eng/inbox__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: inbox
trans_list: boîte de réception
sense:
(computing) An electronic folder serving the same purpose, but for electronic files, especially email.


lexentry: eng/inbreeding__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: inbreeding
trans_list: consanguinité
sense:
(biology) Breeding between members of a relatively small population, especially one in which most members are related.


lexentry: eng/incantation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: incantation
trans_list: incantation
sense:
The act or process of using formulas and/or usually rhyming words, sung or spoken, with occult ceremonies, for the purpose of raising spirits, producing enchantment, or creating other magical results.


lexentry: eng/incel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: incel
trans_list: incel
sense:
A member of an online subculture of people (mostly men) who define themselves as unable to find a romantic or sexual partner despite desiring one.


lexentry: eng/incest__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: incest
trans_list: inceste
sense:
Sexual relations between close relatives, especially immediate family members and sometimes first cousins, usually considered taboo; in many jurisdictions, close relatives are not allowed to marry, and incest is a crime.


lexentry: eng/inchoative__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: inchoative
trans_list: arctique
sense:
(grammar) Aspectually indicating that a state is about to be entered or is in the process of being entered.


lexentry: eng/incidence__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: incidence
trans_list: incidence
sense:
(epidemiology) A measure of the rate of new occurrence of a given medical condition in a population within a specified period of time.


lexentry: eng/incident__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: incident
trans_list: incident
sense:
An event that causes or may cause an interruption or a crisis, such as a workplace illness or a software error.


lexentry: eng/incision__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: incision
trans_list: incision
sense:
A cut, especially one made by a scalpel or similar medical tool in the context of surgical operation; the scar resulting from such a cut.


lexentry: eng/incisor__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: incisor
trans_list: incisive
sense:
(anatomy, zootomy) A narrow-edged tooth at the front of the mouth of mammals, between the canines and adapted for cutting; in humans there are four in each jaw.


lexentry: eng/incline__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: incline
trans_list: avoir tendance
sense:
(transitive) To bend or move (something) out of a given plane or direction, often the horizontal or vertical.


lexentry: eng/incline__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: incline
trans_list: avoir tendance
sense:
(mostly, intransitive, mostly, in the passive) To tend to do or believe something, or move or be moved in a certain direction, away from a point of view, attitude, etc.


lexentry: eng/inclined_plane__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: inclined plane
trans_list: plan incliné
sense:
(mechanics) One of the simple machines; a sloping surface such as a ramp such that an object can be raised with less effort than being lifted vertically.


lexentry: eng/inclusive__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: inclusive
trans_list: inclusif
sense:
(linguistics) Of, or relating to the first-person plural pronoun when including the person being addressed.


lexentry: eng/inclusive_or__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: inclusive or
trans_list: ou inclusif
sense:
(logic, computing) A logical connective joining two or more predicates that yields the logical value "true" when at least one of the predicates is true.


lexentry: eng/incoherence__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: incoherence
trans_list: incohérence
sense:
(countable) Something incoherent; something that does not make logical sense or is not logically connected.


lexentry: eng/income_statement__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: income statement
trans_list: compte de résultat
sense:
(accounting) A calculation which shows the profit or loss of an accounting unit (company, municipality, foundation etc.) during a specific period of time, providing a summary of how the profit or loss is calculated from gross revenue and expenses.


lexentry: eng/incompatible__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: incompatible
trans_list: incompatible
sense:
Of two things: that cannot coexist; not congruous because of differences; unable to function together due to dissimilarities.


lexentry: eng/incomplete_sentence__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: incomplete sentence
trans_list: phrase incomplète
sense:
(grammar) A group of words that appear to convey only part of a complete thought, lacking some component which is grammatically necessary to complete the thought.


lexentry: eng/inconsolable__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: inconsolable
trans_list: inconsolable
sense:
Not consolable; unable to be consoled or comforted, usually due to grief, disappointment, or other distress.


lexentry: eng/incontinence__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: incontinence
trans_list: incontinence
sense:
(urology) The inability of any of the physical organs to restrain discharges of their contents; involuntary discharge or evacuation (of urine or feces).


lexentry: eng/incontinent__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: incontinent
trans_list: incontinent
sense:
Plagued by incontinence; unable to retain natural discharges or evacuations, most commonly of urine or feces.


lexentry: eng/incorporate__Verb__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: incorporate
trans_list: incorporer
sense:
(US, legal) To include (another clause or guarantee of the US constitution) as a part (of the Fourteenth Amendment, such that the clause binds not only the federal government but also state governments).


lexentry: eng/incredibly__Adverb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: incredibly
trans_list: incroyablement
sense:
Used to note the surprising or hard-to-believe nature of what is being said and suggest that it is nevertheless true.


lexentry: eng/incredulity__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: incredulity
trans_list: incrédulité
sense:
Unwillingness or inability to believe; doubt about the truth or verisimilitude of something; disbelief.


lexentry: eng/incubate__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: incubate
trans_list: incuber
sense:
(transitive) To brood, raise, or maintain eggs, organisms, or living tissue through the provision of ideal environmental conditions.


lexentry: eng/incubation_period__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: incubation period
trans_list: période d'incubation
sense:
(epidemiology) The time elapsed between an exposure to a pathogenic organism, a chemical or radiation, and the appearance of signs and symptoms.


lexentry: eng/incubus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: incubus
trans_list: incube
sense:
(medieval folklore) An evil spirit supposed to oppress people while asleep, especially to have sex with women as they sleep.


lexentry: eng/incumbent__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: incumbent
trans_list: en titre | titulaire
sense:
(zoology) Of a body part such as a hair, spine, or wing: bent downwards or otherwise positioned so that it, or part of it, rests on or touches something else; specifically (ornithology) , of the hind toe of a bird: fully resting on a support.


lexentry: eng/incumbent__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: incumbent
trans_list: en titre | titulaire
sense:
Being the current holder of an office or a title; specifically (Christianity, obsolete) , of an ecclesiastical benefice.


lexentry: eng/incumbent__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: incumbent
trans_list: titulaire
sense:
The current holder of an office or title; (specifically, Christianity) the holder of an ecclesiastical benefice.


lexentry: eng/incur__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: incur
trans_list: encourir | impliquer | occasioner | s'attirer | subir
sense:
(transitive) to bring upon oneself or expose oneself to, especially something inconvenient, harmful, or onerous; to become liable or subject to


lexentry: eng/indecent_assault__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: indecent assault
trans_list: débauche
sense:
(criminal law, Hong Kong, historical, _, in, _, UK) Sexual contact with another person, who does not want it, that does not result in, or is not considered to be, rape.


lexentry: eng/indecent_exposure__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: indecent exposure
trans_list: attentat à la pudeur
sense:
(legal) The crime of intentionally exposing one's own private parts in public; in some cases also including the act of public urination and defecation.


lexentry: eng/indefinite__Adjective__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: indefinite
trans_list: indéfini
sense:
(linguistics) Designating an unspecified or unidentified person or thing or group of persons or things


lexentry: eng/indefinite_article__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: indefinite article
trans_list: article indéfini
sense:
(grammar) A word preceding a noun to indicate that the noun refers to any member of the class of objects named by the noun.


lexentry: eng/indemnity__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: indemnity
trans_list: compensation
sense:
(insurance) A principle of insurance which provides that when a loss occurs, the insured should be restored to the approximate financial condition occupied before the loss occurred, no better, no worse.


lexentry: eng/indent__Verb__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: indent
trans_list: s'engager
sense:
(intransitive, reflexive, obsolete) To enter into a binding agreement by means of such documents; to formally commit (to doing something); to contract.


lexentry: eng/indent__Verb__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: indent
trans_list: renfoncer
sense:
(typography) To begin (a line or lines) at a greater or lesser distance from the margin. See indentation, and indention. Normal indent pushes in a line or paragraph. "Hanging indent" pulls the line out into the margin.


lexentry: eng/indentation__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: indentation
trans_list: indentation
sense:
(typography) The act of beginning a line or series of lines at a little distance within the flush line of the column or page, as in the common way of beginning the first line of a paragraph.


lexentry: eng/indenture__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: indenture
trans_list: accord
sense:
(legal) A contract which binds a person to work for another, under specified conditions, for a specified time (often as an apprentice).


lexentry: eng/independence__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: independence
trans_list: indépendance
sense:
The quality or state of being independent; lack of dependence; the state of not being reliant on, or controlled by, others.


lexentry: eng/independence_day__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: independence day
trans_list: jour de l'indépendance
sense:
An annual celebration commemorating the anniversary of a nation's assumption of independent statehood.


lexentry: eng/indeterminate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: indeterminate
trans_list: indéterminée
sense:
(algebra, strict sense) A symbol that resembles a variable or parameter but is used purely formally and neither signifies nor is ever assigned a particular value;(loose sense) a variable.


lexentry: eng/index__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: index
trans_list: indexer
sense:
(chiefly, economics) To normalise in order to account for inflation; to correct for inflation by linking to a price index in order to maintain real levels.


lexentry: eng/index_case__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: index case
trans_list: patient zéro
sense:
(epidemiology) The first documented patient in a disease epidemic within a population or the first case of interest in an epidemiological investigation; the case of patient zero.


lexentry: eng/indicator__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: indicator
trans_list: clignotant | signofile
sense:
(UK, Australia, New Zealand, Ireland , automotive ) A turn signal; each of the flashing lights on each side of a vehicle which indicate a turn is being made to left or right, or a lane change etc.


lexentry: eng/indict__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: indict
trans_list: inculper
sense:
(legal) To make a formal accusation or indictment for a crime against (a party) by the findings of a jury, especially a grand jury.


lexentry: eng/indictable_offence__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: indictable offence
trans_list: crime
sense:
(legal, British, Canadian, Australian, Hong Kong) An offence which can only be tried on an indictment after a preliminary hearing to determine whether there is a prima facie case to answer or by a grand jury, in contrast to a summary offence.


lexentry: eng/indiction__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: indiction
trans_list: indiction
sense:
(historical) A fiscal period of fifteen years, instituted by Constantine in 313 C.E. (but counting from 1st September 312), used throughout the Middle Ages as a way of dating events, documents etc.


lexentry: eng/indictment__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: indictment
trans_list: acte d'accusation
sense:
(legal) The official legal document outlining the charges concerned; bill of indictment. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/indigenous__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: indigenous
trans_list: indigène | autochtone | aborigène
sense:
In particular, of or relating to a people (or their language or culture) that inhabited a region prior to the arrival of people of other cultures which became dominant (e.g., through colonialism), and which maintains a distinct culture.


lexentry: eng/indigestion__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: indigestion
trans_list: indigestion
sense:
A condition of heartburn, nausea, or other stomach-related pain, sometimes caused by eating too quickly.


lexentry: eng/indigo__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: indigo
trans_list: indigo
sense:
An indigo-colored dye obtained from certain plants (the indigo plant or woad), or a similar synthetic dye.


lexentry: eng/indirect_free_kick__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: indirect free kick
trans_list: coup franc indirect
sense:
(soccer) a free kick from which a goal may be scored only after the ball has been played by at least one other player


lexentry: eng/indirect_kiss__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: indirect kiss
trans_list: baiser indirect
sense:
The act of kissing an object that someone else kissed recently, symbolizing a kiss between the two people.


lexentry: eng/indirect_object__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: indirect object
trans_list: COI | complément d'objet indirect | complément d'objet second | objet indirect
sense:
(grammar) A grammatical role of a ditransitive verb that manifests a secondary or passive participant in an action, often a recipient or goal.


lexentry: eng/indispensable__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: indispensable
trans_list: indispensable
sense:
(ecclesiastical, obsolete) Not admitting ecclesiastical dispensation; not subject to release or exemption; that cannot be allowed by bending the canonical rules. [16th–17th c.]


lexentry: eng/indistinguishable__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: indistinguishable
trans_list: indistinguable | indistinguible
sense:
Not distinguishable; not capable of being perceived, known, or discriminated as separate and distinct


lexentry: eng/individual__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: individual
trans_list: individu
sense:
(legal) A single physical human being as a legal subject, as opposed to a legal person such as a corporation.


lexentry: eng/individual_pursuit__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: individual pursuit
trans_list: poursuite individuelle
sense:
(cycle racing) A discipline in track cycling where two opposing cyclists start on opposite sides of the track and try to catch their opponent, or get a faster time over a pre-decided distance.


lexentry: eng/individualism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: individualism
trans_list: individualisme
sense:
The tendency for a person to act without reference to others, particularly in matters of style, fashion or mode of thought.


lexentry: eng/individualism__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: individualism
trans_list: individualisme
sense:
The moral stance, political philosophy, or social outlook that promotes independence and self-reliance of individual people, while opposing the interference with each person's choices by society, the state, or any other group or institution.


lexentry: eng/individuality__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: individuality
trans_list: individualité
sense:
(uncountable) The characteristics that contribute to the differentiation or distinction of someone or something from a group of otherwise comparable identity.


lexentry: eng/indole__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: indole
trans_list: indole
sense:
(organic compound) An organic compound, C8H7N, found in coal tar, and produced in the gut by the bacterial decomposition of tryptophan; it is an aromatic bicyclic heterocycle having a benzene ring fused with a pyrrole ring; indole and its derivatives occur widely in nature and have many industrial applications.


lexentry: eng/inductance__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: inductance
trans_list: inductance
sense:
(physics) The property of an electric circuit by which a voltage is induced in it by a changing magnetic field.


lexentry: eng/inductance__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: inductance
trans_list: induction
sense:
The quantity of the resulting electromagnetic flux divided by the current that produces it, measured in henries (SI symbol: H.)


lexentry: eng/induction__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: induction
trans_list: induction
sense:
(embryology) Given a group of cells that emits or displays a substance, the influence of this substance on the fate of a second group of cells


lexentry: eng/inductive_reasoning__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: inductive reasoning
trans_list: induction magnétique
sense:
The process of making inferences based upon observed patterns, or simple repetition. Often used in reference to predictions about what will happen or does happen, based upon what has happened.


lexentry: eng/indulgence__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: indulgence
trans_list: indulgence
sense:
(Roman Catholicism) A pardon or release from the expectation of punishment in purgatory, after the sinner has been granted absolution.


lexentry: eng/indulgent__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: indulgent
trans_list: indulgent
sense:
Disposed or prone to indulge, humor, gratify, or yield to one's own or another's desires, etc., or to be compliant, lenient, or forbearing;


lexentry: eng/industrial_action__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: industrial action
trans_list: conflit social
sense:
(chiefly, British, Irish) A workplace protest by employees designed to inconvenience or disrupt the business of the employer.


lexentry: eng/industrial_design__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: industrial design
trans_list: design industriel
sense:
A process of design applied to products that are to be manufactured through techniques of mass production.


lexentry: eng/industrial_engineering__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: industrial engineering
trans_list: gestion et affaires d'entreprise
sense:
an engineering profession concerned with the optimization of complex processes, systems, or organizations by developing, improving and implementing integrated systems of people, money, knowledge, information and equipment.


lexentry: eng/industrial_peace__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: industrial peace
trans_list: paix industrielle
sense:
A state in industrial relations in which both employer and employees abstain from industrial action, such as strikes and lockouts.


lexentry: eng/industrial_strength__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: industrial strength
trans_list: industrie
sense:
Made for use by businesses or manufacturers, as opposed to home consumers, and therefore typically larger, stronger, more difficult to operate, and less attractive in appearance.


lexentry: eng/industrialism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: industrialism
trans_list: industrialisme
sense:
The socio-economic system based upon the industrial production of manufactured goods, rather than on agriculture.


lexentry: eng/industrialization__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: industrialization
trans_list: industrialisation
sense:
A process of social and economic change whereby a human society is transformed from a preindustrial to an industrial state.


lexentry: eng/inebriate__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: inebriate
trans_list: enivrer
sense:
(transitive, figurative) To disorder the senses of; to exhilarate, elate or stupefy as if by spirituous drink.


lexentry: eng/inequality__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: inequality
trans_list: inéquation | inégalité
sense:
(mathematics) A statement that of two quantities one is specifically less than (or greater than) another. Symbol: < or \leq or > or \geq or \ne, as appropriate.


lexentry: eng/inertial_frame_of_reference__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: inertial frame of reference
trans_list: référentiel galiléen
sense:
(physics) A frame of reference that is stationary relative to a body moving at constant velocity and on which no force is being exerted.


lexentry: eng/inessive__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: inessive
trans_list: inessif
sense:
(grammar) Of or relating to the grammatical case that in some languages indicates the state of being in or inside a location.


lexentry: eng/infamous__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: infamous
trans_list: tristement célèbre
sense:
(UK, historical) Subject to a judicial punishment that deprived the infamous person of certain rights; this included a prohibition against holding public office, exercising the franchise, receiving a public pension, serving on a jury, or giving testimony in a court of law.


lexentry: eng/infant__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: infant
trans_list: nourrisson | poupon | enfant en bas âge
sense:
A very young human being, from birth to somewhere between six months and two years of age after birth, needing almost constant care and attention.


lexentry: eng/infanticide__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: infanticide
trans_list: infanticide
sense:
(law, Canada) The criminal offence of killing of a newborn, committed by its mother while psychologically disturbed by the effects of childbirth or lactation, not regarded as murder.


lexentry: eng/infantry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: infantry
trans_list: infanterie
sense:
Soldiers who fight on foot (on land), as opposed to cavalry and other mounted units, regardless of external transport (e.g. airborne).


lexentry: eng/infantry__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: infantry
trans_list: infanterie | fantassins
sense:
(uncountable) The part of an army consisting of infantry soldiers, especially opposed to mounted and technical troops.


lexentry: eng/infantry_fighting_vehicle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: infantry fighting vehicle
trans_list: véhicule de combat d'infanterie
sense:
(military) An armoured combat vehicle designed to carry infantry soldiers and provide fire support for them.


lexentry: eng/infect__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: infect
trans_list: infecter | contaminer
sense:
(transitive) To bring (the body or part of it) into contact with a substance that causes illness (a pathogen), so that the pathogen begins to act on the body; (of a pathogen) to come into contact with (a body or body part) and begin to act on it.


lexentry: eng/infect__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: infect
trans_list: infecter | contaminer
sense:
(transitive) To make somebody enthusiastic about one's own passion, or to communicate a feeling to others, or a feeling communicating itself to others.


lexentry: eng/infectious__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: infectious
trans_list: infectieux
sense:
(pathology, of an illness) Caused by an agent that enters the host's body (such as a bacterium, virus, parasite, or prion); often, also, transmitted among hosts via any of various routes (for example, contact, droplet-borne, airborne, waterborne, foodborne, fomite-borne, or bloodborne).


lexentry: eng/infectious_disease__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: infectious disease
trans_list: maladie infectieuse
sense:
(medicine) An illness caused by a specific infectious agent (bacterium, virus, fungus, protozoa, prion etc.), that results from transmission of that agent from an infected person, animal, or reservoir to a susceptible host.


lexentry: eng/infer__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: infer
trans_list: déduire | inférer
sense:
(transitive) To introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/infestation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: infestation
trans_list: infestation
sense:
The presence of a large number of pest organisms in an area or field, on the surface of a host or anything that might contact a host, or in the soil.


lexentry: eng/infidelity__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: infidelity
trans_list: infidélité
sense:
Unfaithfulness in a marriage or an intimate (sexual or romantic) relationship: practice or instance of having a sexual or romantic affair with someone other than one's spouse, without the consent of the spouse.


lexentry: eng/infield__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: infield
trans_list: diamant
sense:
(baseball) The region of the field roughly bounded by the home plate, first base, second base and third base.


lexentry: eng/infiltration__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: infiltration
trans_list: infiltration
sense:
The act or process of infiltrating, as of water into a porous substance, or of a fluid into the cells of an organ or part of the body.


lexentry: eng/infimum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: infimum
trans_list: infimum
sense:
(mathematics) (of a subset) the greatest element of the containing set that is smaller than or equal to all elements of the subset. The infimum may or may not be a member of the subset.


lexentry: eng/infinitesimal__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: infinitesimal
trans_list: infinitésimal
sense:
(mathematics) A non-zero quantity whose magnitude is smaller than any positive number (by definition it is not a real number).


lexentry: eng/infinitive__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: infinitive
trans_list: infinitif
sense:
(grammar) A non-finite verb form considered neutral with respect to inflection; depending on language variously found used with auxiliary verbs, in subordinate clauses, or acting as a gerund, and often as the dictionary form.


lexentry: eng/infinity__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: infinity
trans_list: infini | infinité
sense:
(uncountable) A number which is very large compared to some characteristic number. For example, in optics, an object which is much further away than the focal length of a lens is said to be "at infinity", as the distance of the image from the lens varies very little as the distance increases further.


lexentry: eng/infix__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: infix
trans_list: infixe
sense:
(linguistics, proscribed) A morpheme that always appears between other morphemes in a word, such as -i- and -o- in English (i.e. an interfix).


lexentry: eng/inflammation__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: inflammation
trans_list: inflammation
sense:
(pathology) A condition of any part of the body, consisting of congestion of the blood vessels, with obstruction of the blood current, and growth of morbid tissue. It is manifested outwardly by redness and swelling, attended with heat and pain.


lexentry: eng/inflection__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: inflection
trans_list: flexion
sense:
(grammar, uncountable) Change in the form of a word (morphologic change) to express different grammatical categories.


lexentry: eng/inflexibility__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: inflexibility
trans_list: inflexibilité
sense:
The quality or state of being inflexible, or not capable of being bent or changed; unyielding stiffness


lexentry: eng/inflexibly__Adverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: inflexibly
trans_list: inflexiblement
sense:
With a firmness that resists all importunity or persuasion; in an inflexible, unyielding or immovable manner; relentlessly.


lexentry: eng/inflorescence__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: inflorescence
trans_list: inflorescence
sense:
(botany) Flower cluster; a group or cluster of flowers arranged on a stem that is composed of a main branch or a complicated arrangement of branches.


lexentry: eng/influence__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: influence
trans_list: influence
sense:
The power to affect, control or manipulate something or someone; the ability to change the development of fluctuating things such as conduct, thoughts or decisions.


lexentry: eng/influence__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: influence
trans_list: influence
sense:
(astrology) An element believed to determine someone's character or individual tendencies, caused by the position of the stars and planets at the time of one's birth.


lexentry: eng/influence__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: influence
trans_list: influencer | influer
sense:
(transitive) To have an effect on by using gentle or subtle action; to exert an influence upon; to modify, bias, or sway; to persuade or induce.


lexentry: eng/influence_peddling__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: influence peddling
trans_list: trafic d'influence
sense:
A type of corruption in which people use their connections with governments to gain favors or preferential treatment for a third party, usually in return for money.


lexentry: eng/influencer__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: influencer
trans_list: influenceuse | influenceur
sense:
(social media, marketing) A person who is able to influence consumption, lifestyle, and/or political preferences of their online audience by creating and/or engaging social media content, often as a part of a marketing campaign.


lexentry: eng/influenza__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: influenza
trans_list: grippe
sense:
(disease) An acute contagious disease of the upper airways and lungs, caused by a virus, which rapidly spreads around the world in seasonal epidemics.


lexentry: eng/infomercial__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: infomercial
trans_list: publireportage
sense:
A program-length television commercial, typically between thirty minutes and one hour long, that advertises a product or service by presenting supposedly impartial information about it.


lexentry: eng/inform__Verb__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: inform
trans_list: informer | instruire
sense:
(transitive) To give form or character to; to inspire (with a given quality); to affect, influence (with a pervading principle, idea etc.).


lexentry: eng/informatics__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: informatics
trans_list: informatique | science de l'information
sense:
(computing) A branch of information science and of computer science that focuses on the study of information processing, particularly with respect to systems integration and human interactions with machine and data.


lexentry: eng/information__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: information
trans_list: information | renseignement | informations
sense:
Things that are or can be known about a given topic; communicable knowledge of something. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/information_overload__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: information overload
trans_list: surcharge informationnelle | surinformation
sense:
The inability to process everything one hears and sees; the availability or supply of too much information, or a state of stress which results.


lexentry: eng/information_retrieval__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: information retrieval
trans_list: recherche d'information
sense:
(information science) The science of searching for information in documents, searching for documents themselves, searching for metadata which describe documents, or searching within databases, whether relational stand-alone databases or hypertextually-networked databases such as the World Wide Web.


lexentry: eng/information_science__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: information science
trans_list: sciences de l'information
sense:
(applied science) A broad and interdisciplinary science that deals with the gathering, classification, storage, manipulation, retrieval and analysis of information as an organized resource.


lexentry: eng/information_society__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: information society
trans_list: société de l’information
sense:
(sociology) A society where the creation, distribution, use, integration and manipulation of information is a significant economic, political, and cultural activity.


lexentry: eng/information_theory__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: information theory
trans_list: théorie de l'information
sense:
(mathematics) A branch of applied mathematics and engineering involving the quantification of information sent over a communication channel, disregarding the meaning of the sent messages, exemplified by the noisy-channel coding theorem.


lexentry: eng/information_warfare__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: information warfare
trans_list: guerre de l'information | infoguerre
sense:
The use and management of information in pursuit of an advantage over an opponent, such as propaganda, disinformation, and gathering assurances that one's own information is accurate.


lexentry: eng/infotainment__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: infotainment
trans_list: infodivertissement
sense:
A form of programming (cinematic, television, live action, etc.) that provides both information and entertainment; also known as soft news, the information in infotainment programming consists of mostly celebrity news and human drama. [from 1982]


lexentry: eng/infrared__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: infrared
trans_list: infrarouge
sense:
(uncountable) The electromagnetic radiation of a wavelength longer than visible light, but shorter than microwave radiation, having a wavelength between 700 nm and 1 mm.


lexentry: eng/infrastructure__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: infrastructure
trans_list: infrastructure
sense:
(systems theory) An underlying base or foundation especially for an organization or system. [from 1887]


lexentry: eng/infrastructure__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: infrastructure
trans_list: infrastructure
sense:
The basic facilities, services and installations needed for the functioning of a community or society.


lexentry: eng/infuse__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: infuse
trans_list: infuser
sense:
(transitive) To steep in a liquid, so as to extract the soluble constituents (usually medicinal or herbal).


lexentry: eng/infusion__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: infusion
trans_list: infusion
sense:
A product consisting of a liquid which has had other ingredients steeped in it to extract useful qualities.


lexentry: eng/infusorium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: infusorium
trans_list: infusoire
sense:
(biology) Any of the many minute aquatic creatures, such as protozoa and unicellular algae, found in freshwater habitats.


lexentry: eng/ingest__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ingest
trans_list: ingérer
sense:
(transitive) To take (a substance, e.g., food) into the body of an organism, especially through the mouth and into the gastrointestinal tract.


lexentry: eng/ingestion__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ingestion
trans_list: ingestion
sense:
The process of ingesting, or consuming something orally, whether it be food, drink, medicine, or other substance. It is usually referred to as the first step of digestion.


lexentry: eng/ingot__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ingot
trans_list: lingot
sense:
A solid block of more or less pure metal, often but not necessarily bricklike in shape and trapezoidal in cross-section, the result of pouring out and cooling molten metal, often immediately after smelting from raw ore or alloying from constituents.


lexentry: eng/ingress__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: ingress
trans_list: entrée
sense:
(astronomy) The entrance of the Moon into the shadow of the Earth in eclipses, or the Sun's entrance into a sign, etc.


lexentry: eng/inguinal_canal__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: inguinal canal
trans_list: canal inguinal
sense:
One of the two passages in the anterior abdominal wall which in men convey the spermatic cord and in women the round ligament.


lexentry: eng/inhale__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: inhale
trans_list: inhaler | aspirer
sense:
(transitive) To draw air or any form of gas (either in a pure form, or mixed with small particles in form of aerosols/smoke -sometimes stemming from a medicament) into the lungs, through the nose or mouth by action of the diaphragm.


lexentry: eng/inhaler__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: inhaler
trans_list: inhalateur
sense:
(medicine) A device with a canister holding medicine (either in powder or gas form) which is sprayed and inhaled by the patient, often for treating asthma and other respiratory diseases.


lexentry: eng/inhere__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: inhere
trans_list: être inhérent à
sense:
(uncommon) To be inherent; to be an essential or intrinsic part of; to be fixed or permanently incorporated with something.


lexentry: eng/inherit__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: inherit
trans_list: hériter
sense:
(transitive) To receive (property, a title, etc.), by legal succession or bequest after the previous owner's death.


lexentry: eng/inheritance__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: inheritance
trans_list: héritage
sense:
(programming, object-oriented) The mechanism whereby parts of a superclass are available to instances of its subclass.


lexentry: eng/inheritance_law__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: inheritance law
trans_list: droit des successions
sense:
(legal) The area of law pertaining to passing on property, titles, debts, rights, and obligations upon the death of an individual.


lexentry: eng/inheritance_tax__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: inheritance tax
trans_list: droits de succession
sense:
A tax based on the value of the property of a deceased person, and charged on the beneficiaries of the estate.


lexentry: eng/inhuman__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: inhuman
trans_list: inhumain
sense:
Of or pertaining to inhumanity and the indifferently cruel, sadistic or barbaric behavior it brings.


lexentry: eng/inion__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: inion
trans_list: inion
sense:
(anatomy) A small protuberance on the external surface of the back of the skull near the neck; the external occipital protuberance.


lexentry: eng/iniquity__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: iniquity
trans_list: iniquité
sense:
(countable) An act of great injustice or unfairness; a sinful or wicked act; an unconscionable deed.


lexentry: eng/initial__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: initial
trans_list: initial
sense:
Spatially first, placed at the beginning, in the first position; especially said of the first letter of a word.


lexentry: eng/initial__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: initial
trans_list: initiale
sense:
(phonology) onset, part of a syllable that precedes the syllable nucleus in phonetics and phonology.


lexentry: eng/initial_public_offering__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: initial public offering
trans_list: introduction en bourse
sense:
(business, finance) The first offering to members of the public of stock in a company, normally followed by a listing of that stock on a stock exchange.


lexentry: eng/initialism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: initialism
trans_list: sigle
sense:
(linguistics) A term formed from the initial letters of several words or parts of words, which is itself pronounced letter by letter.


lexentry: eng/initiation__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: initiation
trans_list: initiation
sense:
The form or ceremony by which a person is introduced into any society; mode of entrance into an organized body; especially, the rite of admission into a secret society or order.


lexentry: eng/injection__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: injection
trans_list: injection
sense:
(category theory) A morphism from either one of the two components of a coproduct to that coproduct.


lexentry: eng/injection__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: injection
trans_list: injection
sense:
(computer security) The insertion of program code into an application, URL, hardware, etc.; especially when malicious or when the target is not designed for such insertion.


lexentry: eng/injection__Noun__1
sense_num: 09
written_rep: injection
trans_list: injection
sense:
(set theory) A function that maps distinct x in the domain to distinct y in the codomain; formally, a f: X → Y such that f(a) = f(b) implies a = b for any a, b in the domain.


lexentry: eng/injective__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: injective
trans_list: injectif
sense:
(mathematics) of, relating to, or being an injection: such that each element of the image (or range) is associated with at most one element of the preimage (or domain); inverse-deterministic


lexentry: eng/injera__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: injera
trans_list: injera
sense:
A pancake-like flatbread made from fermented teff flour, a traditional food of Eritrea, Ethiopia, Somalia, Yemen, and the Nuer people of Sudan.


lexentry: eng/injunction__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: injunction
trans_list: injonction
sense:
(legal) A writ or process, granted by a court of equity, and, in some cases, under statutes, by a court of law, whereby a party is required to do or to refrain from doing certain acts, according to the exigency of the writ.


lexentry: eng/injury_time__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: injury time
trans_list: arrêts de jeu | temps additionnel
sense:
(sports) Additional time played after each period of a game in order to compensate for stoppages due to player injuries; loosely extended to include time added on to compensate for all types of stoppages, i.e. synonymous with stoppage time.


lexentry: eng/ink-pad__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ink-pad
trans_list: tampon encreur
sense:
A piece of absorbent material, soaked with ink used for rubber stamps. The ink gets onto the stamp by pressing the stamp on the ink-pad.


lexentry: eng/ink_eraser__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ink eraser
trans_list: effaceur d'encre
sense:
An instrument used to remove ink from a writing surface, either (traditionally) a metal scraper or (more recently) a special pen dispensing a chemical that eradicates ink.


lexentry: eng/inkjet_printer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: inkjet printer
trans_list: imprimante à jet d'encre
sense:
(computer hardware) A device for the printing of documents which that operates by propelling tiny droplets of liquid ink onto paper.


lexentry: eng/inkwell__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: inkwell
trans_list: encrier
sense:
A container for ink, designed and usually positioned so that a person may conveniently dip a pen into it whenever a refill is needed.


lexentry: eng/inland_sea__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: inland sea
trans_list: mer intérieure
sense:
A large but relatively shallow expanse of water within a landmass, sometimes connected to the ocean.


lexentry: eng/inland_taipan__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: inland taipan
trans_list: Taïpan du désert
sense:
(zoology) Oxyuranus microlepidotus, a highly venomous snake endemic to semiarid regions of central east Australia.


lexentry: eng/inlay__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: inlay
trans_list: incruster
sense:
(also, figuratively) To place (pieces of a foreign material) within another material to form a decorative design.


lexentry: eng/inmate__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: inmate
trans_list: pensionnaire | résident | résidente
sense:
A person who shares a residence (such as a hotel guest, a lodger, or a student living on campus), or other place.


lexentry: eng/inner__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: inner
trans_list: intérieur
sense:
Being or occurring (farther) inside, situated farther in, located (situated) or happening on the inside of something, situated within or farther within contained within something.


lexentry: eng/inner_child__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: inner child
trans_list: enfant intérieur
sense:
(psychology) The childlike aspect of a person's psyche — typically, the personality and the memories of one's childhood — especially in the context of coexisting with, and being suppressed by, an adult aspect of the person.


lexentry: eng/inner_city__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: inner city
trans_list: coeur de la ville
sense:
(urban studies) The central part of a city, especially an older, populous area of low-income or immigrant families as opposed to centrally-located commercial areas.


lexentry: eng/inner_ear__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: inner ear
trans_list: oreille interne
sense:
(anatomy) The portion of the ear located within the temporal bone which includes the semicircular canals, vestibule, and cochlea and is responsible for hearing and balance.


lexentry: eng/inner_emigration__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: inner emigration
trans_list: émigration intérieure
sense:
(derogatory) The choice of some German writers to remain in Nazi Germany despite being opposed to Nazism.


lexentry: eng/inner_planet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: inner planet
trans_list: planète interne
sense:
(astronomy, planets) Any planet of the Solar System whose orbit is located between the asteroid belt and the sun, i.e., any of Mercury, Venus, Earth, or Mars.


lexentry: eng/inning__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: inning
trans_list: manche
sense:
(baseball) A period of play in which members of a visiting baseball team attempt to hit a baseball pitched by the opposing home team until three players are called out, followed by a similar attempt by members of the home baseball team against the visiting team's pitching. There are nine or more innings in a regulation baseball game.


lexentry: eng/inoculate__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: inoculate
trans_list: inoculer
sense:
(transitive, immunology) To introduce an antigenic substance or vaccine into something (e.g. the body) or someone, such as to produce immunity to a specific disease. [from c. 1722]


lexentry: eng/inoculation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: inoculation
trans_list: inoculation
sense:
(immunology) The introduction of an antigenic substance or vaccine into the body to produce immunity to a specific disease.


lexentry: eng/inorganic_chemistry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: inorganic chemistry
trans_list: chimie inorganique
sense:
(chemistry) The chemistry of the elements (including carbon), and those compounds that do not contain carbon.


lexentry: eng/inpatient__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: inpatient
trans_list: patient hospitalier
sense:
(healthcare) A patient whose treatment needs at least one night's residence in a hospital; a hospitalized patient.


lexentry: eng/input!slash!output__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: input/output
trans_list: entrée-sortie
sense:
(computing, usually used attributively) The flow of information to and from human users or other client systems.


lexentry: eng/inquiline__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: inquiline
trans_list: inquilin
sense:
(biology) An animal that lives commensally in the nest, burrow, gall, or dwelling place of an animal of another species.


lexentry: eng/inquiry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: inquiry
trans_list: enquête
sense:
The act of inquiring; a seeking of information by asking questions; interrogation; a question or questioning.


lexentry: eng/inroad__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: inroad
trans_list: incursion | percée
sense:
(military, also, figuratively) An advance into enemy territory, an attempted invasion; an encroachment, an incursion.


lexentry: eng/inroad__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: inroad
trans_list: avancée | pas en avant | percée
sense:
(figuratively, usually, in the plural) Often followed by in, into, or on: initial progress made toward accomplishing a goal or solving a problem.


lexentry: eng/inscribe__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: inscribe
trans_list: graver
sense:
(transitive) To write or cut (words) onto (something, especially a hard surface, or a book to be given to another person); to engrave.


lexentry: eng/insect__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: insect
trans_list: insecte
sense:
An arthropod (in the Insecta class) characterized by six legs, up to four wings, and a chitinous exoskeleton.


lexentry: eng/insemination__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: insemination
trans_list: insémination
sense:
The introduction of sperm into a female’s reproductive system for the purpose of impregnating (making pregnant).


lexentry: eng/insert__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: insert
trans_list: encart
sense:
A promotional or instructive leaflet inserted into a magazine, newspaper, tape or disk package, etc.


lexentry: eng/inshallah__Interjection__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: inshallah
trans_list: Dieu veuille | Inch'Allah | si Dieu le veut | si Dieu veut
sense:
(chiefly, Islam) Expressing the speaker’s wish for a given future event to occur, and also generally their emphasis on its contingency upon the divine will.


lexentry: eng/inside__Adverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: inside
trans_list: dedans | au-dedans | là-dedans
sense:
Within or towards the interior of something; within the scope or limits of something (a place), especially a building.


lexentry: eng/inside_joke__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: inside joke
trans_list: private joke | blague entre nous
sense:
(idiomatic) A joke that is understood or meant to be understood only by certain people who are aware of the details.


lexentry: eng/insider__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: insider
trans_list: initié
sense:
A person who has special knowledge about the inner workings of a group, organization, or institution.


lexentry: eng/insider_trading__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: insider trading
trans_list: délit d'initié
sense:
(finance) The illegal buying or selling of securities of a publicly held company by a person who has privileged access to information concerning the company's financial condition or plans.


lexentry: eng/insight__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: insight
trans_list: introspection
sense:
A sight or view of the interior of anything; a deep inspection or view; introspection; frequently used with into.


lexentry: eng/insignia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: insignia
trans_list: insigne
sense:
A patch or other object that indicates a person's official or military rank, or membership in a group or organization.


lexentry: eng/insignia__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: insignia
trans_list: insigne
sense:
A symbol or token of personal power, status, or office, or of an official body of government or jurisdiction.


lexentry: eng/insinuate__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: insinuate
trans_list: insinuer
sense:
(figurative, by extension) To ingratiate; to obtain access to or introduce something by subtle, cunning or artful means.


lexentry: eng/insinuation__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: insinuation
trans_list: insinuation
sense:
The act of gaining favor, affection, or influence, by gentle or artful means; — formerly used in a good sense, as of friendly influence or interposition.


lexentry: eng/insolation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: insolation
trans_list: insolation
sense:
The incident radiant energy emitted by the sun which reaches a unit area over a period of time, typically measured over a horizontal area at the Earth's surface or at the top of Earth's atmosphere.


lexentry: eng/insolation__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: insolation
trans_list: insolation
sense:
The act or process of exposing to the rays of the sun, such as for the purpose of medical treatment, drying or maturing, as fruits, drugs, etc., or of rendering acid, as vinegar.


lexentry: eng/insolvency__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: insolvency
trans_list: insolvabilité
sense:
(finance) The condition of being insolvent; the state or condition of a person who is insolvent; the condition of one who is unable to pay his debts as they fall due, or in the usual course of trade and business.


lexentry: eng/inspect__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: inspect
trans_list: inspecter
sense:
To examine critically or carefully; especially, to search out problems or determine condition; to scrutinize.


lexentry: eng/inspector_general__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: inspector general
trans_list: inspecteur général
sense:
A senior official responsible for inspecting conformance to the standards in a civil or military organization.


lexentry: eng/inspiration__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: inspiration
trans_list: inspiration
sense:
A supernatural divine influence on the prophets, apostles, or sacred writers, by which they were qualified to communicate moral or religious truth with authority; a supernatural influence which qualifies people to receive and communicate divine truth; also, the truth communicated.


lexentry: eng/inspiration__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: inspiration
trans_list: inspiration
sense:
A person, object, or situation which quickens or stimulates an influence upon the intellect, emotions or creativity.


lexentry: eng/inspire__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: inspire
trans_list: inspirer
sense:
(transitive) To infuse into the mind; to communicate to the spirit; to convey, as by a divine or supernatural influence; to disclose preternaturally; to produce in, as by inspiration.


lexentry: eng/inspire__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: inspire
trans_list: inspirer
sense:
(transitive) To infuse into; to affect, as with a superior or supernatural influence; to fill with what animates, enlivens or exalts; to communicate inspiration to.


lexentry: eng/installation__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: installation
trans_list: installation
sense:
Something installed, especially the whole of a system of machines, apparatus, and accessories, when set up and arranged for practical working, as in electric lighting, transmission of power, etc.


lexentry: eng/installment__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: installment
trans_list: volet | épisode
sense:
One of a series of parts, whether equal or unequal to the other parts of the series, of a given entity or a given process, which part presents or is presented at a particular scheduled interval.


lexentry: eng/installment__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: installment
trans_list: au fur et à mesure
sense:
(banking, finance) One member of a series of portions of a debt or sum of money, which portions may or may not be equated (depending in part on whether the interest rate is fixed or variable), payment of which portions are serially exacted at regularly scheduled intervals toward satisfaction of the total. Payments of installments are generally mensual, quarterly, triannual, biannual, or annual.


lexentry: eng/installment_loan__Noun__1
written_rep: installment loan
trans_list:
crédit à tempérament | prêt remboursable par tranches | prêt à tempérament | prêt à versements périodiques | prêt échelonné


lexentry: eng/instance__Noun__1
sense_num: 08
written_rep: instance
trans_list: instance
sense:
(computing) A specific occurrence of something that is created or instantiated, such as a database, or an object of a class in object-oriented programming. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/instant_coffee__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: instant coffee
trans_list: café instantané | café soluble
sense:
A beverage in the form of a powder, granules, or concentrated liquid, made from coffee and able to be quickly reconstituted by adding water.


lexentry: eng/instant_messaging__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: instant messaging
trans_list: messagerie instantanée
sense:
(communication, computing) A form of realtime communication where two or more people exchange text messages, usually short, using computers or other devices with communications capabilities.


lexentry: eng/instant_messenger__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: instant messenger
trans_list: messagerie instantanée
sense:
(communication, computing) A computer application which allows instant text communication between two or more people through a network or the Internet in its entirety.


lexentry: eng/instant_noodle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: instant noodle
trans_list: nouilles instantanées
sense:
(chiefly, in the plural) One of a mass of dried precooked noodles fused with oil, usually soaked in boiling water for a few minutes before being eaten.


lexentry: eng/instantaneous__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: instantaneous
trans_list: instantané
sense:
Occurring, arising, or functioning without any delay; happening within an imperceptibly brief period of time. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/instantiate__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: instantiate
trans_list: instancier
sense:
(transitive) To represent#Verb (a concept#Noun, theme#Noun, or principle#Noun) by an instance#Noun. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/instantiate__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: instantiate
trans_list: instancier
sense:
(transitive, object-oriented programming) To create an object (an instance) of a specific class. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/instar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: instar
trans_list: stade
sense:
Any one of the several stages of postembryonic development which an arthropod undergoes, between molts, before it reaches sexual maturity.


lexentry: eng/instigation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: instigation
trans_list: instigation
sense:
The act of instigating, or the state of being instigated; incitement; especially to evil or wickedness.


lexentry: eng/instigator__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: instigator
trans_list: instigateur | instigatrice | incitateur | incitatrice
sense:
A person who intentionally instigates, incites, or starts something, especially one that creates trouble.


lexentry: eng/institution__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: institution
trans_list: institution
sense:
A long established and respected organization, particularly one involved with education, public service, or charity work.


lexentry: eng/instructive__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: instructive
trans_list: instructif
sense:
(linguistics) A case in the Finnish and Estonian languages. It expresses the means or the instrument used to perform an action.


lexentry: eng/instructive_case__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: instructive case
trans_list: instructif
sense:
(grammar) : noun case used to indicate means. It answers the question "how?", and in English, this is usually expressed by the prepositional phrase by means of, as in "by means of the house". Languages that use the instructive case include Finnish and (rarely) Estonian.


lexentry: eng/instrumental__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: instrumental
trans_list: instrumental
sense:
(music) Pertaining to, made by, or prepared for an instrument, especially a musical instrument (rather than the human voice).


lexentry: eng/instrumental__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: instrumental
trans_list: instrumentale | musique instrumentale
sense:
(music) A composition written or performed without lyrics or singing, using a lead instrument to replace vocals.


lexentry: eng/instrumental_case__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: instrumental case
trans_list: cas instrumental | instrumental
sense:
(grammar) A noun case used to express means or agency—and is generally indicated in English by by or with with the objective. Languages that use the instrumental case include Armenian, Serbo-Croatian, Czech, Dyirbal, Georgian, Latvian, Slovene, Polish, Ukrainian, Quechua, Russian, Assamese, Turkish and Sanskrit. Extinct languages that used the instrumental case include Old English, Old Saxon and Old High German.


lexentry: eng/insubordination__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: insubordination
trans_list: insubordination
sense:
The quality or state of being insubordinate; disobedience to lawful authority; specifically, an employee's failure or refusal to comply with a request or an assignment given by his/her supervisor.


lexentry: eng/insular__Adjective__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: insular
trans_list: insulaire
sense:
(linguistics, anthropology) (often with a capital letter) Relating to the varieties of a language or languages spoken chiefly on islands. Insular Latin, Latin as it was spoken in Britain and Ireland. Insular Celtic, the Celtic languages of Britain, Ireland and also Brittany, as opposed to those spoken in mainland Europe other than Brittany. Insular Scandinavian, relating to the Icelandic and Faroese languages as opposed to the ones spoken in Sweden, Denmark and Norway.


lexentry: eng/insulate__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: insulate
trans_list: isoler
sense:
To separate a body or material from others, e.g. by non-conductors to prevent the transfer of electricity, heat, etc.


lexentry: eng/insulation__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: insulation
trans_list: isolation | isolement
sense:
(engineering) The act of separating a body from others by nonconductors, so as to prevent the transfer of electricity, heat, or sound


lexentry: eng/insulator__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: insulator
trans_list: isolateur | isolant
sense:
A substance that does not transmit heat (thermal insulator), sound (acoustic insulator) or electricity (electrical insulator).


lexentry: eng/insult__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: insult
trans_list: insulte
sense:
(uncountable) Action or form of speech deliberately intended to be rude; (countable) a particular act or statement having this effect.


lexentry: eng/insult__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: insult
trans_list: insulter
sense:
(transitive) To be insensitive, insolent, or rude to (somebody); to affront or demean (someone). [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/insurance_fraud__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: insurance fraud
trans_list: fraude à l'assurance
sense:
(legal) Receiving insurance policy-based compensation by deceitfully causing an event that, if it were accidental, would lead to a rightful claim for said compensation.


lexentry: eng/insurance_policy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: insurance policy
trans_list: police d'assurance | contrat [[d']]assurance
sense:
(insurance) A legal document outlining a particular insurance cover for an insured entity for a given risk.


lexentry: eng/insure__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: insure
trans_list: assurer
sense:
(transitive) To provide for compensation if some specified risk occurs. Often agreed by policy (contract) to offer financial compensation in case of an accident, theft or other undesirable event.


lexentry: eng/insurgent__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: insurgent
trans_list: insurgé | insurgée
sense:
One of several people who take up arms against the local state authority; a participant in insurgency.


lexentry: eng/insurrection__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: insurrection
trans_list: insurrection
sense:
(uncountable) The action of part or all of a national population violently rising up against the government or other authority; (countable) an instance of this; a revolt, an uprising; specifically, one that is at an initial stage or limited in nature.


lexentry: eng/intangible_asset__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: intangible asset
trans_list: actif incorporel | immobilisation incorporelle
sense:
(business, accounting) Any valuable property of a business that is not a physical by nature, including intellectual property, customer lists, and goodwill. Intangible assets may or may not be shown on the balance sheet.


lexentry: eng/intangible_cultural_heritage__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: intangible cultural heritage
trans_list: patrimoine culturel immatériel | patrimoine culturel immatériel de l'humanité
sense:
practices, representations, expressions, knowledge, or skills, as well as the instruments, objects, artifacts, and cultural spaces that are considered by UNESCO to be part of a place's cultural heritage.


lexentry: eng/integer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: integer
trans_list: nombre entier | entier relatif | entier
sense:
(arithmetic) A number that is not a fraction; an element of the infinite and numerable set {..., -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, ...}.


lexentry: eng/integral__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: integral
trans_list: intégrale | intégral
sense:
(mathematics) One of the two fundamental operations of calculus (the other being differentiation), whereby a function's displacement, area, volume, or other qualities arising from the study of infinitesimal change are quantified, usually defined as a limiting process on a sequence of partial sums. Denoted using a long s: ∫, or a variant thereof.


lexentry: eng/integral_calculus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: integral calculus
trans_list: calcul intégral
sense:
(calculus) The calculus that generalizes summation to find areas, masses, volumes, sums, and totals of quantities described by continuously varying functions.


lexentry: eng/integral_domain__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: integral domain
trans_list: anneau d'intégrité
sense:
(algebra, ring theory) Any nonzero commutative ring in which the product of nonzero elements is nonzero. [from 1911]


lexentry: eng/integrated_circuit__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: integrated circuit
trans_list: circuit intégré
sense:
(semiconductors) A thin chip, usually of silicon, consisting of at least two interconnected semiconductor devices, mainly transistors.


lexentry: eng/integration__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: integration
trans_list: intégration
sense:
(biology) In evolution, the process by which the manifold is compacted into the relatively simple and permanent; supposed to alternate with differentiation as an agent in species' development.


lexentry: eng/integration_by_parts__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: integration by parts
trans_list: intégration par parties
sense:
(analysis) A method of integration directly related to the rule for differentiation of products; can be written as \int u\ dv = uv - \int v\ du.


lexentry: eng/integrin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: integrin
trans_list: intégrine
sense:
(biochemistry) Any of many heterodimeric transmembrane proteins that function as receptors in communication between cells.


lexentry: eng/intellect__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: intellect
trans_list: intellect
sense:
(uncountable) The faculty of thinking, judging, abstract reasoning, and conceptual understanding; the cognitive faculty.


lexentry: eng/intellectual__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: intellectual
trans_list: intellectuel
sense:
Endowed with intellect; having a keen sense of understanding; having the capacity for higher forms of knowledge or thought; characterized by intelligence or cleverness


lexentry: eng/intellectual_property__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: intellectual property
trans_list: propriété intellectuelle
sense:
(uncountable) Any product of someone's intellect that has commercial value: a piece of literature, a painting, an invention, a trademark, a trade secret, etc. Works protected under intellectual property law, and accorded intellectual property rights such as copyrights and patents.


lexentry: eng/intelligence__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: intelligence
trans_list: intelligence
sense:
(mostly, uncountable) The quality of making use or having made use of such capacities: depth of understanding, mental quickness.


lexentry: eng/intelligence__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: intelligence
trans_list: renseignements | intelligence
sense:
(countable) A political or military department, agency or unit designed to gather information, usually secret, about the enemy or about hostile activities.


lexentry: eng/intelligence_agency__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: intelligence agency
trans_list: service de renseignement | service de renseignements
sense:
A governmental agency that is devoted to the information gathering (known in the context as "intelligence") for purposes of national security and defense.


lexentry: eng/intelligence_quotient__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: intelligence quotient
trans_list: quotient intellectuel
sense:
A score derived from one of several different standardized tests attempting to measure a person's intelligence relative to that of the general population, with the average usually calibrated to a number around 100.


lexentry: eng/intelligent_design__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: intelligent design
trans_list: dessein intelligent
sense:
The belief that biological life on Earth, or more broadly, the universe as a whole, was created by an intelligent agent (specified or unspecified) rather than being the result of undirected natural processes.


lexentry: eng/intend__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: intend
trans_list: prévoir | envisager | avoir l'intention | concevoir
sense:
(ambitransitive, usually followed by particle "to" + verb, or "on"/"upon" + noun) To fix the mind upon (something, or something to be accomplished); be intent upon


lexentry: eng/intendment__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: intendment
trans_list: loi
sense:
(legal) the sense in which the legal system interprets something, especially the intention of legislation


lexentry: eng/intensive_care__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: intensive care
trans_list: réa | réanimation | soins intensifs | traitement intensif
sense:
(medicine) The support and monitoring of critically ill patients, especially by the use of instrumentation and specialized staff and equipment.


lexentry: eng/intensive_care_unit__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: intensive care unit
trans_list: unité de soins intensifs | soins intensifs | unité de traitement intensif
sense:
A hospital ward into which critically ill patients, in danger of dying, are admitted and closely monitored (abbreviation: ICU).


lexentry: eng/intentional_walk__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: intentional walk
trans_list: base-sur-balles intentionnel | but-sur-balles intentionnel
sense:
(baseball) The intentional pitching of four balls (bad pitches), or of a fourth ball, in order to give the batter a walk (for example, so as to avoid the risk of a home run).


lexentry: eng/intentionalism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: intentionalism
trans_list: intentionnalisme
sense:
The theory that the meaning of any text is determined by the intentions of its author, whether stated or not.


lexentry: eng/intentionality__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: intentionality
trans_list: intentionnalité
sense:
(philosophy) The characteristic of a mental state whereby it is about something, which relates to mental states in an analogous way as meaning relates to a word.


lexentry: eng/interaction__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: interaction
trans_list: interaction
sense:
The situation or occurrence in which two or more objects or events act upon one another to produce a new effect; the effect resulting from such a situation or occurrence.


lexentry: eng/interactive__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: interactive
trans_list: interactif
sense:
Interacting with or communicating with and reacting to each other; influencing or having an effect on each other; acting or capable of acting on each other or with the other.


lexentry: eng/interactome__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: interactome
trans_list: interactome
sense:
(biology) All the interactions between biological entities in cells and organisms considered as a whole.


lexentry: eng/intercalary__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: intercalary
trans_list: intercalaire
sense:
(botany) of a meristem: situated between zones of permanent tissue, thus a shoot growing at the base of a leaf, in comparison with apical growth at the tip of a root or plant.


lexentry: eng/intercept__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: intercept
trans_list: intercepter
sense:
(transitive, American football) Of a defensive player: to steal a pass thrown by the opposing team, gaining possession of the ball.


lexentry: eng/intercession__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: intercession
trans_list: intercession
sense:
A prayer to God on behalf of another person; especially, such a prayer offered by a heavenly saint on behalf of a mere mortal who has prayed to the saint for such help.


lexentry: eng/interchange__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: interchange
trans_list: échangeur autoroutier | sortie | échangeur | échangeur routier
sense:
(countable) A junction in which traffic may merge to enter or diverge to exit a limited-access highway to access a surface street, without crossing traffic on the main highway.


lexentry: eng/interchange__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: interchange
trans_list: échangeur autoroutier | échangeur | échangeur routier
sense:
(rail transport, countable) A connection between two or more lines, services or modes of transport; a station at which such a connection can be made.


lexentry: eng/intercontinental_ballistic_missile__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: intercontinental ballistic missile
trans_list: missile balistique intercontinental
sense:
(military, rocketry) A class of long-range missiles associated especially with carrying nuclear warheads.


lexentry: eng/interdict__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: interdict
trans_list: interdit
sense:
A papal decree prohibiting the administration of the sacraments from a political entity under the power of a single person (e.g., a king or an oligarchy with similar powers). Extreme unction/Anointing of the Sick is excepted.


lexentry: eng/interdict__Verb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: interdict
trans_list: interdire
sense:
(transitive, US, military) To impede (an enemy); to interrupt or destroy (enemy communications, supply lines etc). [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/interest__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: interest
trans_list: intérêt
sense:
(uncountable, finance) The price paid for obtaining, or price received for providing, money or goods in a credit transaction, calculated as a fraction of the amount or value of what was borrowed. [from earlier 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/interest__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: interest
trans_list: intérêt
sense:
(uncountable) A great attention and concern from someone or something; intellectual curiosity. [from later 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/interest__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: interest
trans_list: intéresser
sense:
(obsolete, often, _, impersonal) To be concerned with or engaged in; to affect; to concern; to excite.


lexentry: eng/interest_rate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: interest rate
trans_list: taux d'intérêt
sense:
(finance) The percentage of an amount of money charged for its use per some period of time (often a year).


lexentry: eng/interface__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: interface
trans_list: interface
sense:
(chemistry, physics) A thin layer or boundary between different substances or two phases of a single substance.


lexentry: eng/interface__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: interface
trans_list: interface
sense:
(computing, object-oriented) The connection between parts of software; also the public or published sections of an object or module,


lexentry: eng/interface__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: interface
trans_list: interface
sense:
(computing, object-oriented) In object-oriented programming, a piece of code defining a set of operations that other code must implement.


lexentry: eng/interface__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: interface
trans_list: interface
sense:
(object-oriented programming) In some languages, a block of code declaring the interface (point of interconnection) between a class and code that interacts with it.


lexentry: eng/interferometer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: interferometer
trans_list: interféromètre
sense:
(physics) any of several instruments that use the interference of waves to determine wavelengths and wave velocities, determine refractive indices, measure small distances, temperature changes, stresses, and many other useful measurements.


lexentry: eng/interferon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: interferon
trans_list: interféron
sense:
(biochemistry) Any of a group of glycoproteins, produced by the immune system, that prevent viral replication in infected cells.


lexentry: eng/interfix__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: interfix
trans_list: interfixe
sense:
(linguistic morphology) A morph inserted between two morphemes in the process of word formation, such as the empty morphs English -i- and -o-.


lexentry: eng/interjection__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: interjection
trans_list: interjection
sense:
(grammar) An exclamation or filled pause; a word or phrase with no particular grammatical relation to a sentence, often an expression of emotion.


lexentry: eng/interlanguage__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: interlanguage
trans_list: interlangue
sense:
A language generated by a student of a foreign language that incorporates aspects of their native language and the target language.


lexentry: eng/interleave__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: interleave
trans_list: entrelacer | imbriquer | intercaler
sense:
(transitive) To intersperse (something) at regular intervals between the parts of a thing or between items in a group.


lexentry: eng/interloper__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: interloper
trans_list: intrus
sense:
One who interferes, intrudes or gets involved where not welcome, particularly a self-interested intruder.


lexentry: eng/intermezzo__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: intermezzo
trans_list: intermède
sense:
(music, arts) A short piece of music or act in the interval of the main spectacle; a theatrical interlude.


lexentry: eng/intermission__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: intermission
trans_list: entracte | interlude | intermède
sense:
A break, especially between two performances or sessions, such as at a concert, play, seminar, or religious assembly.


lexentry: eng/internal_combustion_engine__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: internal combustion engine
trans_list: moteur à combustion interne | moteur à explosion
sense:
A heat engine in which intermittent or the continuous burning of a fuel takes place inside a combustion chamber; the resulting pressurized gas acts directly on the engine to do useful work, such as a piston engine, gas turbine, jet engine or rocket.


lexentry: eng/internal_monologue__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: internal monologue
trans_list: conscience
sense:
A person's "inner voice" which provides a running verbal monologue of what they are thinking, important in planning, problem solving, self-reflection, etc.


lexentry: eng/international_law__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: international law
trans_list: droit international
sense:
Set of rules generally regarded and accepted as binding in relations between states and between nations, serving as a framework for the practice of stable and organized international relations.


lexentry: eng/international_organization__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: international organization
trans_list: organisation internationale
sense:
(international law) An organisation established by a treaty or other instrument governed by international law and possessing its own international legal personality.


lexentry: eng/international_rules_football__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: international rules football
trans_list: football de règles internationales | football international
sense:
A sport created as a mixture of Australian rules football and Gaelic football, to allow international matches between Australia and Ireland.


lexentry: eng/international_unit__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: international unit
trans_list: unité internationale
sense:
(pharmacology) A particular, minute unit of mass, defined differently for different substances, but so that varying substances of the same general type have the property that one international unit of the one has the same effect on the human body as one international unit of the other.


lexentry: eng/international_waters__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: international waters
trans_list: eaux internationales
sense:
(international law) Those parts of the ocean that are not legally recognized as being under the jurisdiction of any national government.


lexentry: eng/internationalization__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: internationalization
trans_list: internationalisation
sense:
(software engineering) The act or process of making a product suitable for international markets, typically by making text messages easily translatable and ensuring support of non-Latin character sets, languages, and regions.


lexentry: eng/internet__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: internet
trans_list: interneter
sense:
(intransitive, Internet, informal) To use the Internet; specifically, to search for information using the Internet.


lexentry: eng/internment_camp__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: internment camp
trans_list: camp d'internement
sense:
(euphemism) a concentration camp, especially a non-Nazi one from before or during WWII; a detention center; a relocation camp.


lexentry: eng/interoperability__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: interoperability
trans_list: interopérabilité | interfonctionnement
sense:
(military) The capacity for a service, piece of equipment etc., to be operated by different forces or groups.


lexentry: eng/interpellate__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: interpellate
trans_list: interpeller
sense:
(transitive, chiefly, politics) To question (someone) formally concerning official or governmental policy or business.


lexentry: eng/interpellation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: interpellation
trans_list: interpellation
sense:
(politics) The act of interpellating (questioning); the period in which government officials are questioned about and explain an act, a policy or a point raised during a debate.


lexentry: eng/interpolate__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: interpolate
trans_list: interpoler
sense:
(transitive, intransitive) To introduce (something) between other things; especially to insert (possibly spurious) words into a text.


lexentry: eng/interpolation__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: interpolation
trans_list: interpolation
sense:
(mathematics, science) The process of estimating the value of a function at a point from its values at nearby points.


lexentry: eng/interposition__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: interposition
trans_list: interposition
sense:
The act of interposing, or the state of being interposed; a being, placing, or coming between; mediation.


lexentry: eng/interpret__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: interpret
trans_list: interpréter | traduire
sense:
To decode the meaning of a topic and then act, whether to continue researching the topic, follow through, act in opposition, or further the understanding through sharing an interpretation.


lexentry: eng/interpret__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: interpret
trans_list: interpréter
sense:
To explain or tell the meaning of; to translate orally into intelligible or familiar language or terms. applied especially to language, but also to dreams, signs, conduct, mysteries, etc.


lexentry: eng/interpretation__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: interpretation
trans_list: interprétation
sense:
(uncountable, linguistics, translation studies) The discipline or study of translating one spoken or signed language into another (as opposed to translation, which concerns itself with written language).


lexentry: eng/interpreter__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: interpreter
trans_list: interprète
sense:
A person who converts spoken or signed language into a different language for the benefit of one or more others who do not understand the first language being used (especially if in real time or shortly after that person has finished communicating). (Contrasted with translator.)


lexentry: eng/interpreter__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: interpreter
trans_list: interpréteur | interprète
sense:
(computing) A program that executes another program written in a high-level language by reading the instructions in real time rather than by compiling it in advance.


lexentry: eng/interquartile_range__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: interquartile range
trans_list: écart interquartile
sense:
(statistics) The difference between the first and third quartiles; a robust measure of sample dispersion.


lexentry: eng/interrex__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: interrex
trans_list: interroi
sense:
(history) An official in Ancient Rome who acted as single head of state during the interregnum between two consulates.


lexentry: eng/interrobang__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: interrobang
trans_list: point exclarrogatif
sense:
The nonstandard punctuation mark ‽ (a combination of ? and !), which may be used at the end of a sentence to express excitement or disbelief, or to indicate that it is a rhetorical question. [from 1962.]


lexentry: eng/interrogative_pronoun__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: interrogative pronoun
trans_list: pronom interrogatif
sense:
(grammar) A pronoun used in a question. In English, the five interrogative pronouns are what, which, who, whom, and whose (also used as relative pronouns). These require no antecedent.


lexentry: eng/interrupt__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: interrupt
trans_list: interrompre | couper
sense:
(ambitransitive) To disturb or halt (an ongoing process or action, or the person performing it) by interfering suddenly, especially by speaking.


lexentry: eng/intersection__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: intersection
trans_list: intersection
sense:
(geometry) The point or set of points common to two geometrical objects (such as the point where two lines meet or the line where two planes intersect).


lexentry: eng/intersectionality__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: intersectionality
trans_list: intersectionnalité
sense:
The study of (or a sociological methodology of studying) overlapping or intersecting social identities and related systems of oppression, domination, or discrimination.


lexentry: eng/intersex__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: intersex
trans_list: intersexe | intersexué
sense:
(of an individual) Having any of a variety of inherent conditions (in a species with distinct sexes) in which one's sex characteristics differ from those of a typical male and female; for example, having sex characteristics relating to both male and female sexes.


lexentry: eng/intersexual__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: intersexual
trans_list: intersexuel
sense:
(biology) Having both male and female characteristics, or characteristics intermediate between the sexes.


lexentry: eng/intersexuality__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: intersexuality
trans_list: intersexualité | intersexuation
sense:
The state of having the physical features of both sexes, or of having ambiguous sex, i.e. not unambiguously male or female.


lexentry: eng/interstate__Adverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: interstate
trans_list: interétatique
sense:
(chiefly, US, and, Australia) Crossing states (usually provincial state, but also e.g. multinational sense).


lexentry: eng/interstice__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: interstice
trans_list: interstice
sense:
A small opening or space between objects, especially adjacent objects or objects set closely together, as between cords in a rope or components of a multiconductor electrical cable or between atoms in a crystal.


lexentry: eng/interstitial__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: interstitial
trans_list: publicité interstitielle
sense:
(Internet, advertising) A web page, usually carrying advertising, displayed when leaving one content page for another.


lexentry: eng/intertextuality__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: intertextuality
trans_list: intertextualité
sense:
The idea that a given text is a response to what has already been written, be it explicit or implicit.


lexentry: eng/intertidal_zone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: intertidal zone
trans_list: batture | estran
sense:
(oceanography) The part of a shore between high water and low water, especially the beach exposed at maximum ebb spring tides.


lexentry: eng/interval__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: interval
trans_list: intervalle
sense:
(music) The difference (a ratio or logarithmic measure) in pitch between two notes, often referring to those two pitches themselves (otherwise known as a dyad).


lexentry: eng/intervene__Verb__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: intervene
trans_list: intervenir
sense:
(legal) In a suit to which one has not been made a party, to put forward a defense of one's interest in the subject matter.


lexentry: eng/interview__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: interview
trans_list: interview | entretien | entrevue
sense:
A conversation in person (or, by extension, over the telephone, Internet etc.) between a journalist and someone whose opinion or statements he or she wishes to record for publication, broadcast etc. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/interwar__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: interwar
trans_list: entre-deux-guerres
sense:
During or relating to the period of time between two wars, especially the two World Wars (1919–1939).


lexentry: eng/intestine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: intestine
trans_list: intestin | boyau
sense:
(anatomy, often pluralized) The alimentary canal of an animal through which food passes after having passed all stomachs.


lexentry: eng/intestine__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: intestine
trans_list: intestin
sense:
One of certain subdivisions of this part of the alimentary canal, such as the small or large intestine in human beings.


lexentry: eng/intifada__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: intifada
trans_list: intifada
sense:
An uprising, resistant struggle or rebellious protest, especially the Palestinian uprisings against Israel.


lexentry: eng/intimacy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: intimacy
trans_list: intimité
sense:
(uncountable, countable) Feeling or atmosphere of closeness and openness towards someone else, often but not necessarily involving sexuality.


lexentry: eng/intimidate__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: intimidate
trans_list: intimider
sense:
(transitive) To make timid or afraid; to cause to feel fear or nervousness; to deter, especially by threats of violence


lexentry: eng/intimism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: intimism
trans_list: intimisme
sense:
(arts) A genre of art (or literature) involving the depiction of quiet, domestic scenes, usually of domestic interiors


lexentry: eng/intinction__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: intinction
trans_list: intinction
sense:
The act of steeping or soaking the bread (or 'body' of Christ) in the wine (or 'blood' of Christ) so the communicant may receive both aspects of the Eucharist simultaneously.


lexentry: eng/into__Preposition__1
sense_num: 08
written_rep: into
trans_list: en
sense:
(mathematics) Expressing the operation of division, with the denominator given first. Usually with "goes".


lexentry: eng/intolerance__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: intolerance
trans_list: intolérance
sense:
(countable, medicine) Extreme sensitivity to a food or drug; of a food that is generally considered edible, an individual inability to digest it.


lexentry: eng/intolerant__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: intolerant
trans_list: intolérant
sense:
Not tolerant; close-minded about new or different ideas; indisposed to tolerate contrary opinions or beliefs; impatient of dissent or opposition; denying or refusing the right of private opinion or choice in others; inclined to persecute or suppress dissent.


lexentry: eng/intonation__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: intonation
trans_list: intonation
sense:
Reciting in a musical prolonged tone; intonating or singing of the opening phrase of a plain-chant, psalm, or canticle by a single voice, as of a priest.


lexentry: eng/intractable__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: intractable
trans_list: intraitable
sense:
(maths) (of a mathematical problem) Not able to be solved in polynomial time; too difficult to attempt to solve.


lexentry: eng/intrathecal__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: intrathecal
trans_list: intrathécal
sense:
(medicine) Delivered into the spinal canal (intrathecal space surrounding the spinal cord), e.g. a spinal anesthesia.


lexentry: eng/intrauterine_device__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: intrauterine device
trans_list: DIU | dispositif intra-utérin | stérilet
sense:
A contraceptive device consisting of a spiral or similar shape of plastic or metal inserted through the vagina into the uterus in order to prevent the implantation of a fertilized egg.


lexentry: eng/intrauterine_insemination__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: intrauterine insemination
trans_list: insémination intra-utérine
sense:
(medicine) The insertion of sperm directly into a woman's uterus, typically as a way of increasing the chances of conception.


lexentry: eng/intrigue__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: intrigue
trans_list: intrigue
sense:
A complicated or clandestine plot or scheme intended to effect some purpose by secret artifice; conspiracy; stratagem.


lexentry: eng/intrigue__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: intrigue
trans_list: intrigue
sense:
The plot of a play, poem or romance; the series of complications in which a writer involves their imaginary characters.


lexentry: eng/intrinsic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: intrinsic
trans_list: intrinsèque
sense:
(anatomy, of a body part) Situated, produced, secreted in, or coming from inside an organ, tissue, muscle or member.


lexentry: eng/intrinsic_motivation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: intrinsic motivation
trans_list: motivation intrinsèque
sense:
The incentive to undertake an activity based on the expected enjoyment of the activity itself, rather than external benefits that might result.


lexentry: eng/intrinsic_value__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: intrinsic value
trans_list: valeur propre
sense:
the real value of something within itself, which may not take into account its market value or face value.


lexentry: eng/introit__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: introit
trans_list: introït
sense:
(Roman Catholicism, music) A prayer, typically part of a psalm or other portion of the Bible, read or sung at the start of Mass while or immediately after the priest ascends to the altar.


lexentry: eng/introjection__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: introjection
trans_list: introjection
sense:
(psychology) The process whereby the ideas of another are unconsciously incorporated into one's own psyche.


lexentry: eng/intron__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: intron
trans_list: intron
sense:
(genetics) A portion of a split gene that is included in pre-RNA transcripts but is removed during RNA processing and rapidly degraded.


lexentry: eng/introspection__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: introspection
trans_list: introspection
sense:
(psychology) A looking inward; specifically, the act or process of self-examination, or inspection of one's own thoughts and feelings; the cognition which the mind has of its own acts and states


lexentry: eng/introvert__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: introvert
trans_list: introverti
sense:
(zoology) An organ or other body part that is or can be turned inside out, especially an anterior portion of some annelid worms capable of retraction.


lexentry: eng/introvert__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: introvert
trans_list: introverti
sense:
(psychology) An introverted person: one who is considered more thoughtful than social, with a personality more inwardly than outwardly directed; one who often prefers to have time in non-social situations.


lexentry: eng/intrude__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: intrude
trans_list: empiéter | faire intrusion | incruster | être importun
sense:
(intransitive) To thrust oneself in; to come or enter without invitation, permission, or welcome; to encroach; to trespass.


lexentry: eng/intrusive__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: intrusive
trans_list: intrusif
sense:
Tending to intrude; doing that which is not welcome; interrupting or disturbing; entering without permission or welcome.


lexentry: eng/intubation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: intubation
trans_list: intubation | tubage
sense:
(medicine) The introduction of a tube into an organ to keep it open, as into the larynx in cases of croup.


lexentry: eng/intuitionism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: intuitionism
trans_list: intuitionnisme
sense:
(mathematics) An approach to mathematics/logic which avoids proof by contradiction, and which requires that, in order to prove that something exists, one must construct it.


lexentry: eng/inure__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: inure
trans_list: habituer | aguerrir | endurcir | prendre effet
sense:
(transitive) To cause someone to become accustomed to something that requires prolonged or repeated tolerance of one or more unpleasantries. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/invaginate__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: invaginate
trans_list: invaginer
sense:
(medicine, surgery) To fold up or enclose into a sheath-like or pouch-like structure, either naturally or as part of a surgical procedure.


lexentry: eng/invalid__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: invalid
trans_list: invalide
sense:
(dated, sometimes, offensive) A person who is confined to home or bed because of illness, disability or injury; one who is too sick or weak to care for themselves.


lexentry: eng/invariant_theory__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: invariant theory
trans_list: théorie des invariants
sense:
(algebra, representation theory) The branch of algebra concerned with actions of groups on algebraic varieties from the point of view of their effect on functions.


lexentry: eng/invasion__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: invasion
trans_list: invasion
sense:
A military action consisting of armed forces of one geopolitical entity entering territory controlled by another such entity, generally with the objective of conquering territory or altering the established government.


lexentry: eng/invasive__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: invasive
trans_list: [[d']]invasion
sense:
(military, also, figuratively) That invades a foreign country using military force; also, militarily aggressive.


lexentry: eng/invasive__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: invasive
trans_list: invasif | envahissant
sense:
(biology) Of an animal or plant: that grows (especially uncontrollably) in environments which do not harbour natural enemies, often to the detriment of native species or of food or garden flora and fauna.


lexentry: eng/invasive_species__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: invasive species
trans_list: espèce envahissante | espèce invasive
sense:
(biology) Any species that has been introduced to an environment where it is not native, and that has since become a nuisance through rapid spread and increase in numbers, often to the detriment of native species.


lexentry: eng/inveigh__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: inveigh
trans_list: invectiver | opposer | élever
sense:
(intransitive, with against or occasionally about, formerly also with on, at, upon) To complain loudly, to give voice to one's censure or criticism [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/invention__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: invention
trans_list: invention
sense:
(music) A small, self-contained composition, particularly those in J.S. Bach’s Two- and Three-part Inventions.


lexentry: eng/inventive__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: inventive
trans_list: inventif
sense:
Possessed of a particular capacity for the design of new mechanisms or processes, creative or skilful at inventing.


lexentry: eng/inverse_function__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: inverse function
trans_list: fonction réciproque
sense:
(mathematics) For a given function f, another function, denoted f−1, that reverses the mapping action of f; (formally) given a function f: X\rightarrow Y, a function g: Y\rightarrow X such that, \forall x\in X,\ f(x) = y \implies g(y)=x.


lexentry: eng/inverse_matrix__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: inverse matrix
trans_list: matrice inverse
sense:
(linear algebra) Of a matrix A, another matrix B such that A multiplied by B and B multiplied by A both equal the identity matrix.


lexentry: eng/inversion__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: inversion
trans_list: renversement
sense:
(music) The flipping of a melody or contrapuntal line so that high notes become low and vice versa; the reversal of a pitch contour.


lexentry: eng/inversion__Noun__1
sense_num: 09
written_rep: inversion
trans_list: inversion
sense:
(grammar) Deviation from standard word order by putting the predicate before the subject. It takes place in questions with auxiliary verbs and in normal, affirmative clauses beginning with a negative particle, for the purpose of emphasis.


lexentry: eng/inversion_of_control__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: inversion of control
trans_list: inversion de contrôle
sense:
(software architecture) Abstract principle describing an aspect of some software architecture designs in which the flow of control of a system is inverted in comparison to the traditional architecture, getting the flow of control from a generic code part.


lexentry: eng/inversion_pair__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: inversion pair
trans_list: paires en inversion
sense:
(mathematics) a pair of integers (i,j) is an inversion pair of some permutation \sigma if i < j but \sigma(i)>\sigma(j).


lexentry: eng/invert__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: invert
trans_list: invertir
sense:
(transitive) To turn (something) upside down or inside out; to place in a contrary order or direction.


lexentry: eng/invert_sugar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: invert sugar
trans_list: sucre inverti
sense:
An equal mixture of glucose and fructose formed by the enzymatic hydrolysis of sucrose; it is found in honey and some fruits, and also produced industrially.


lexentry: eng/inverted__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: inverted
trans_list: contraire
sense:
Having the order or direction changed; for example turned upside down, reversed or in any other way opposite or contrary.


lexentry: eng/investigation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: investigation
trans_list: investigation
sense:
The act of investigating; the process of inquiring into or following up; research, especially patient or thorough inquiry or examination


lexentry: eng/investigative_journalism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: investigative journalism
trans_list: journalisme d'enquête | journalisme d'investigation
sense:
A form of journalism in which the reporter deeply investigates a single topic of interest, often involving crime or corruption.


lexentry: eng/investiture__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: investiture
trans_list: investiture
sense:
The act of investing, as with possession or power; formal bestowal or presentation of a possessory or prescriptive right.


lexentry: eng/investment__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: investment
trans_list: investissement
sense:
(finance) A placement of capital in expectation of deriving income or profit from its use or appreciation.


lexentry: eng/investment_bank__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: investment bank
trans_list: banque d'investissement
sense:
(banking, finance) A financial institution that deals with raising capital, trading in securities and managing corporate mergers and acquisitions.


lexentry: eng/investment_fund__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: investment fund
trans_list: fonds d'investissement | fonds de placement
sense:
(finance) A fund consisting of investments made by a group of people and managed by a professional investment manager.


lexentry: eng/investment_strategy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: investment strategy
trans_list: stratégie d'investissement
sense:
(finance) set of rules, behaviors or procedures, designed to guide an investor's selection of an investment portfolio


lexentry: eng/invidious__Adjective__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: invidious
trans_list: détestable
sense:
Detestable, hateful, or odious. (Often used in cases of perceived unfairness, or when facing a difficult situation or choice — especially in the phrase invidious position.)


lexentry: eng/invigilator__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: invigilator
trans_list: surveillant
sense:
(UK, Ireland, Canada, India, South Africa, Hong Kong, Singapore) A person who supervises students during an examination; a proctor


lexentry: eng/invisible_hand__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: invisible hand
trans_list: main invisible
sense:
(economics) A metaphor for the principle that in a free market, an individual pursuing his own self-interest also tends to promote the good of his community as a whole.


lexentry: eng/invisible_ink__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: invisible ink
trans_list: encre sympathique
sense:
An ink, invisible on application or soon thereafter, that can later be rendered visible by some process, such as exposing it to heat.


lexentry: eng/invitation__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: invitation
trans_list: invitation
sense:
(bridge) A bid that tells one's partner that game or slam is likely if their hand is at the strong end of what they have indicated.


lexentry: eng/invocation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: invocation
trans_list: invocation
sense:
The act or form of calling for the assistance or presence of some superior being, especially prayer offered to a divine being.


lexentry: eng/invoice__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: invoice
trans_list: facture
sense:
A bill; a commercial document issued by a seller to a buyer indicating the products, quantities and agreed prices for products or services that the seller has already provided the buyer with. An invoice indicates that, unless paid in advance, payment is due by the buyer to the seller, according to the agreed terms.


lexentry: eng/involute__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: involute
trans_list: développante
sense:
(geometry) A curve that cuts all tangents of another curve at right angles; traced by a point on a string that unwinds from a curved object.


lexentry: eng/involution__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: involution
trans_list: involution
sense:
(mathematics) An endofunction whose square is equal to the identity function; a function equal to its inverse.


lexentry: eng/involve__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: involve
trans_list: impliquer
sense:
To cause or engage (someone or something) to become connected or implicated, or to participate, in some activity or situation.


lexentry: eng/involved__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: involved
trans_list: concerné
sense:
Associated with others, be a participant or make someone be a participant (in a crime, process, etc.)


lexentry: eng/iodoform__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: iodoform
trans_list: iodoforme
sense:
(chemistry) A halogenated hydrocarbon, CHI3; a yellow crystalline compound, formerly used as a mild antiseptic


lexentry: eng/ion__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ion
trans_list: ion
sense:
An atom or group of atoms bearing an electrical charge, such as the sodium and chlorine atoms in a salt solution.


lexentry: eng/ion_channel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ion channel
trans_list: canal ionique
sense:
(biochemistry) A protein complex or single protein that spans between both sides of a cell membrane and allows specific ions to pass through.


lexentry: eng/ionic_bond__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ionic bond
trans_list: liaison ionique
sense:
(chemistry) A type of chemical bond where two atoms or molecules are connected to each other by electrostatic attraction.


lexentry: eng/ionization__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ionization
trans_list: ionisation
sense:
(chemistry, physics) Any process that leads to the dissociation of a neutral atom or molecule into charged particles ions; the state of being ionized.


lexentry: eng/ionize__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ionize
trans_list: ioniser
sense:
(physical chemistry) To dissociate atoms or molecules into electrically charged species; to be thus dissociated.


lexentry: eng/ionizing_radiation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ionizing radiation
trans_list: rayonnement ionisant
sense:
(physics) High-energy radiation that is capable of causing ionization in substances through which it passes; also includes high-energy particles.


lexentry: eng/ionosphere__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ionosphere
trans_list: ionosphère
sense:
The part of the Earth's atmosphere beginning at an altitude of about 50 kilometers (31 miles) and extending outward 500 kilometers (310 miles) or more.


lexentry: eng/iota_subscript__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: iota subscript
trans_list: iota souscrit
sense:
(Greek orthography) A small iota written below an alpha, eta or omega – e.g. in ᾠδή – representing a vocalic offglide that was pronounced in early Ancient Greek, but later became silent; invented in the Middle Ages in order to mark those vowels which would originally have had such an offglide.


lexentry: eng/ipsative__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ipsative
trans_list: ipsatif
sense:
(psychology) Denoting a measure that forces an individual to choose among multiple desirable options.


lexentry: eng/irenic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: irenic
trans_list: irénique
sense:
(chiefly, theology) Promoting or fitted to promote peace or peacemaking, especially over disputes; conciliatory, non-confrontational, peaceful.


lexentry: eng/iridescence__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: iridescence
trans_list: iridescence
sense:
The condition or state of being iridescent; exhibition of colors like those of the rainbow; a prismatic play of color.


lexentry: eng/iridium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: iridium
trans_list: iridium
sense:
(uncountable) A chemical element (symbol Ir) with an atomic number of 77: a very hard, brittle, silvery-white transition metal of the platinum group.


lexentry: eng/iris__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: iris
trans_list: iris
sense:
(botany) A plant of the genus Iris, common in the northern hemisphere, and generally having attractive blooms (See w:Iris (plant) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia).


lexentry: eng/iris__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: iris
trans_list: iris
sense:
(anatomy) The contractile membrane perforated by the pupil, which adjusts to control the amount of light reaching the retina, and which forms the colored portion of the eye (See w:Iris (anatomy) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia).


lexentry: eng/iris__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: iris
trans_list: iris
sense:
(photography, cinematography) A diaphragm used to regulate the size of a hole, especially as a way of controlling the amount of light reaching a lens.


lexentry: eng/irksome__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: irksome
trans_list: barbant
sense:
Marked by irritation or annoyance; disagreeable; troublesome by reason of long continuance or repetition


lexentry: eng/iron(II)_sulfate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: iron(II) sulfate
trans_list: couperose
sense:
(inorganic compound) The green, crystalline salt of divalent iron and sulfuric acid, FeSO4, used as a pigment, and in water treatment.


lexentry: eng/iron__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: iron
trans_list: fer
sense:
(uncountable) A common, inexpensive metal, silvery grey when untarnished, that rusts, is attracted by magnets, and is used in making steel: a chemical element having atomic number 26 and symbol Fe.


lexentry: eng/iron__Noun__1
sense_num: 09
written_rep: iron
trans_list: de fer
sense:
(uncountable, figurative) Used as a symbol of great strength or toughness, or to signify a very strong or tough material.


lexentry: eng/iron__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: iron
trans_list: repasser
sense:
(transitive) To pass an iron over (clothing or some other item made of cloth) in order to remove creases.


lexentry: eng/iron_maiden__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: iron maiden
trans_list: vierge de Nuremberg | vierge de fer
sense:
(historical) A falsely or neo-medieval torture device invented in the 18th century consisting of a chamber lined with spikes which closes upon and impales the victim inside.


lexentry: eng/iron_oxide__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: iron oxide
trans_list: oxyde de fer
sense:
(chemistry) The compound obtained by the reaction of oxygen on iron. Either iron(II) oxide (old term ferrous oxide, chemical formula FeO) or iron(III) oxide (old term ferric oxide, chemical formula Fe2O3). Generally known as rust when hydrated.


lexentry: eng/iron_ring__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: iron ring
trans_list: anneau de fer martelé
sense:
(Canada, engineering) The symbol of a Canadian engineer. A faceted stainless steel or iron ring worn on the little finger of the dominant hand, signifying a trained Canadian engineer, awarded in Canada after an accompanying oath of professional conduct, in a private ceremony with dramatic rites.


lexentry: eng/ironing_board__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ironing board
trans_list: planche à repasser | table à repasser
sense:
A long board, often covered with fabric and having on legs that are usually collapsible, on which one can iron clothes.


lexentry: eng/ironwood__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ironwood
trans_list: bois de fer
sense:
Any of numerous tree species known locally for having a particularly solid wood, or the wood of such species itself.


lexentry: eng/irony__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: irony
trans_list: ironie
sense:
(rhetoric) The quality of a statement that, when taken in context, may actually mean something different from, or the opposite of, what is written literally; the use of words expressing something other than their literal intention, often in a humorous context.


lexentry: eng/irony__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: irony
trans_list: ironie du sort | ironie
sense:
(informal) Contradiction between circumstances and expectations; condition contrary to what might be expected. [from the 1640s]


lexentry: eng/irradiate__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: irradiate
trans_list: illuminer
sense:
(often, literary, or, poetic) To make (someone or something) bright by shining light on them or it; to brighten, to illuminate.


lexentry: eng/irrational__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: irrational
trans_list: irrationnel
sense:
(mathematics, arithmetic, number theory, not comparable) Of a real number, that cannot be written as the ratio of two integers.


lexentry: eng/irrationalism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: irrationalism
trans_list: irrationalisme
sense:
A philosophical movement formed as a cultural reaction against positivism in the early 20th century.


lexentry: eng/irregular__Adjective__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: irregular
trans_list: irrégulier
sense:
(grammar, of a word) not following the regular or expected patterns of inflection in a given language


lexentry: eng/irregular__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: irregular
trans_list: irrégulier
sense:
A soldier who is not a member of an official military force and who may not use regular army tactics.


lexentry: eng/irregularity__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: irregularity
trans_list: irrégularité
sense:
(uncountable) The state or condition of being irregular, or the extent to which something is irregular.


lexentry: eng/irrelevant__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: irrelevant
trans_list: non-pertinent
sense:
Not usefully related: not associated in any way that is important or useful to the context being discussed: not materially applicable; having connections not applicable in the present situation.


lexentry: eng/irresistible_grace__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: irresistible grace
trans_list: grâce efficace | grâce irrésistible
sense:
(theology) A Christian doctrine, one of the five points of Calvinism, stating that the salvific benefit of Jesus Christ's substitutionary atonement on the cross is extended to those predestined unto salvation, without any possibility of Satan or sin successfully defeating God's election.


lexentry: eng/irresponsibility__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: irresponsibility
trans_list: irresponsabilité
sense:
The character or state of being irresponsible; lack of or freedom from responsibility; want of accountability.


lexentry: eng/irreverence__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: irreverence
trans_list: irrévérence
sense:
The state or quality of being irreverent; want of proper reverence; disregard of the authority and character of a superior.


lexentry: eng/irreverent__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: irreverent
trans_list: irrespectueux | irrévérencieux
sense:
Lacking respect; not having or not showing respect for or seriousness towards something that is usually treated with respect; going against conventional precepts.


lexentry: eng/irrigation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: irrigation
trans_list: irrigation | irrigate
sense:
The act or process of irrigating, or the state of being irrigated; especially, the operation of causing water to flow over lands, for nourishing plants.


lexentry: eng/irritable_bowel_syndrome__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: irritable bowel syndrome
trans_list: côlon irritable
sense:
(pathology) A functional disorder causing the nerves and muscles of the large intestine to be oversensitive, leading to symptoms such as cramp, bloating, flatulence, diarrhoea and constipation.


lexentry: eng/irritation__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: irritation
trans_list: irritation
sense:
A condition of morbid excitability or oversensitiveness of an organ or part of the body; a state in which the application of ordinary stimuli produces pain or excessive or vitiated action.


lexentry: eng/isabelline_shrike__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: isabelline shrike
trans_list: pie-grièche isabelle
sense:
Lanius isabellinus, a member of the shrike family (Laniidae). It was formerly considered conspecific with the red-tailed shrike and the red-backed shrike.


lexentry: eng/ischemia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ischemia
trans_list: ischémie
sense:
(cardiology, pathology) Local disturbance in blood circulation due to mechanical obstruction of the blood supply (for example, embolism, thrombosis, or vasoconstriction).


lexentry: eng/ischemic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ischemic
trans_list: ischémique
sense:
(pathology) Characteristic of, or accompanied by, ischemia — localised anaemia due to mechanical obstruction of the blood supply, creating a local disturbance in blood circulation.


lexentry: eng/isinglass__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: isinglass
trans_list: ichtyocolle | carlock | colle de poisson
sense:
A form of gelatine obtained from the air bladder of the sturgeon and certain other fish, used as an adhesive and as a clarifying agent for wine and beer.


lexentry: eng/island__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: island
trans_list: île | ile
sense:
(by extension, in place names) A contiguous area of land, smaller than a continent, partially surrounded by water; A peninsula; A half-island.


lexentry: eng/islets_of_Langerhans__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: islets of Langerhans
trans_list: îlots de Langerhans
sense:
(anatomy, biology) Distinctive regions of tissue in the pancreas, which contain its endocrine cells.


lexentry: eng/isobutene__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: isobutene
trans_list: 2-méthylpropène | isobutylène | isobutène | méthylpropène
sense:
(organic compound) The unsaturated hydrocarbon methylpropene, (CH3)2C=CH2; used in the manufacture of polybutene and butyl rubber.


lexentry: eng/isobutyric_acid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: isobutyric acid
trans_list: acide isobutyrique
sense:
(fatty acid) 2-methyl-propanoic acid, (CH3)2CHCOOH, an isomer of butyric acid, that occurs in carob beans and croton oil.


lexentry: eng/isochromosome__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: isochromosome
trans_list: isochromosome
sense:
(cytology) An abnormal chromosome in which one arm has been lost and replaced with an exact copy of the other arm.


lexentry: eng/isodense__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: isodense
trans_list: isodense
sense:
(science, especially biochemistry) Evenly or uniformly dense; of the same density (as an adjacent object, tissue, etc).


lexentry: eng/isoflavone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: isoflavone
trans_list: isoflavone
sense:
(organic chemistry) Any of a class of polyphenolic phytoestrogens found in soybeans and similar plants that may have beneficial health properties.


lexentry: eng/isolation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: isolation
trans_list: isolement
sense:
(chiefly, uncountable) The state of being isolated, detached, or separated; the state of being away from other people.


lexentry: eng/isolation__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: isolation
trans_list: isolement
sense:
(diplomacy, of a country) The state of not having diplomatic relations with other countries (either with most or all other countries, or with specified other countries).


lexentry: eng/isolation__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: isolation
trans_list: isolement
sense:
(medicine) The separation of a patient, suffering from a contagious disease, from contact with others (compare: quarantine)


lexentry: eng/isoleucine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: isoleucine
trans_list: isoleucine
sense:
(amino acid) An essential amino acid, C6H13NO2, isomeric with leucine, found in most animal proteins.


lexentry: eng/isomer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: isomer
trans_list: isomère
sense:
(chemistry) Any of two or more compounds with the same molecular formula but with different structure.


lexentry: eng/isomer__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: isomer
trans_list: isomère
sense:
(physics) Any of two or more atomic nuclei with the same mass number and atomic number but with different radioactive properties.


lexentry: eng/isomerism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: isomerism
trans_list: isomérie
sense:
(chemistry) the phenomenon of the existence of isomers - the existence of different substances with the same molecular formulae


lexentry: eng/isometry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: isometry
trans_list: isométrie
sense:
(mathematics) A function between metric spaces (or on a single metric space) having the property that the distance between two images is equal to the distance between their preimages.


lexentry: eng/isomorphism__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: isomorphism
trans_list: isomorphisme
sense:
(category theory) A morphism which has a two-sided inverse; the composition of the morphism and such an inverse yields either one of two identity morphisms (depending on the order of composition).


lexentry: eng/isomorphism__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: isomorphism
trans_list: isomorphisme
sense:
(group algebra) A bijection f such that both f and its inverse f −1 are homomorphisms, that is, structure-preserving mappings.


lexentry: eng/isopentane__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: isopentane
trans_list: isopentane
sense:
(organic compound) An aliphatic hydrocarbon with the chemical structure CH2CH2CH(CH3)2; isomeric with pentane and neopentane.


lexentry: eng/isoprene__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: isoprene
trans_list: isoprène
sense:
(organic compound) An unsaturated hydrocarbon, C5H8, that is readily polymerized; natural rubber (caoutchouc) is cis-1,4-polyisoprene, and trans-1,4-polyisoprene is present in gutta-percha and balata; it is the structural basis for the terpenes.


lexentry: eng/isopropyl_alcohol__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: isopropyl alcohol
trans_list: alcool isopropylique
sense:
(organic compound) The aliphatic alcohol 2-propanol that is used as a solvent and in many industrial applications.


lexentry: eng/isostasy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: isostasy
trans_list: isostasie
sense:
(geology) The state of balance or pressure equilibrium thought to exist within the Earth's crust, whereby the upper lithosphere floats on denser magma beneath.


lexentry: eng/isotherm__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: isotherm
trans_list: isotherme | ligne isotherme
sense:
A line on a graph or chart, such as a weather map, along which all the points have the same temperature.


lexentry: eng/isotone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: isotone
trans_list: isotone
sense:
(nuclear physics) Any of a number of nuclides of different elements that have the same number of neutrons.


lexentry: eng/isotope__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: isotope
trans_list: isotope
sense:
(nuclear physics) Any of two or more forms of an element where the atoms have the same number of protons, but a different number of neutrons within their nuclei. Thus, isotopes have the same atomic number but a different mass number.


lexentry: eng/isotropy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: isotropy
trans_list: isotropie
sense:
(geometry, physics) The property of being identical, or having the same physical properties, in all directions.


lexentry: eng/issuant__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: issuant
trans_list: issant | mouvant
sense:
(heraldry) Issuing or emerging from something, especially from the bottom (or a division) of the field or chief, or from an ordinary.


lexentry: eng/issuant__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: issuant
trans_list: issant | mouvant
sense:
(heraldry, by extension, of an animal) Having only the upper half depicted, especially if because it is issuing from something (such as a division of the field). (Compare naissant.)


lexentry: eng/issue__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: issue
trans_list: descendance | progéniture | rejeton
sense:
The entire set of some item printed and disseminated during a certain period, particularly (publishing) a single printing of a particular edition of a work when contrasted with other print runs.


lexentry: eng/issue__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: issue
trans_list: drain
sense:
(historical, _, medicine) A small incision, tear, or artificial ulcer, used to drain fluid and usually held open with a pea or other small object.


lexentry: eng/issue__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: issue
trans_list: problème
sense:
(US, originally, _, psychology, usually, in the plural) A psychological or emotional difficulty, (now, _, informal, figurative, _, and, _) any problem or concern considered as a vague and intractable difficulty.


lexentry: eng/issue__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: issue
trans_list: question | point | controverse | descendance | polémique | progéniture
sense:
(law) A point of law or fact in dispute or question in a legal action presented for resolution by the court.


lexentry: eng/it's_a_small_world__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: it's a small world
trans_list: le monde est petit
sense:
Used to express surprise at meeting an acquaintance or discovering a personal connection in a distant place or an unexpected context.


lexentry: eng/it's_about_time__Interjection__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: it's about time
trans_list: bon débarras | c'est pas trop tôt | ce n'est pas trop tôt | il était temps | j'ai failli attendre
sense:
(idiomatic, sarcastic) Used to express impatience at the eventual occurrence of something that the speaker or writer considered to be long overdue.


lexentry: eng/it's_the_thought_that_counts__Proverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: it's the thought that counts
trans_list: c'est l'intention qui compte | c'est le geste qui compte
sense:
When giving someone a present or doing a favour for someone, the kindness behind the act is more important than any other consideration.


lexentry: eng/it__Pronoun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: it
trans_list: il | ce | elle | ça
sense:
The third-person singular personal pronoun used to refer to an inanimate object, abstract entity, or non-human living thing.


lexentry: eng/it__Pronoun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: it
trans_list: il | ce
sense:
The impersonal pronoun, used without referent as the subject of an impersonal verb or statement (known as the dummy pronoun, dummy it or weather it).


lexentry: eng/it__Pronoun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: it
trans_list: il | le
sense:
The impersonal pronoun, used without referent, or with unstated but contextually implied referent, in various short idioms or expressions.


lexentry: eng/it__Pronoun__1
sense_num: 09
written_rep: it
trans_list: le | ce | la | ça | cela
sense:
The impersonal pronoun, used as a placeholder for a delayed subject, or less commonly, object; known as the dummy pronoun (according to some definitions), anticipatory it or, more formally in linguistics, a syntactic expletive. The delayed subject is commonly a to-infinitive, a gerund, or a noun clause introduced by a subordinating conjunction.


lexentry: eng/it_figures__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: it figures
trans_list: tu m'étonnes
sense:
(idiomatic, North America) Used to indicate that a preceding event or statement by another is an unsurprising accompaniment of known facts and circumstances.


lexentry: eng/it_takes_all_kinds_to_make_a_world__Proverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: it takes all kinds to make a world
trans_list: il faut de tout pour faire un monde
sense:
(idiom) Diversity is essential: the world would be incomplete if everyone were alike; an expression of surprise at a person or people's eccentricity.


lexentry: eng/it_takes_one_to_know_one__Proverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: it takes one to know one
trans_list: c'est celui qui dit qui l'est
sense:
(idiomatic) expressing the same underlying character-judgment themes as pot calling the kettle black or set a thief to catch a thief.


lexentry: eng/it_takes_two_to_tango__Proverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: it takes two to tango
trans_list: il faut être deux pour danser le tango
sense:
(idiomatic) Some things need the active cooperation of two parties; blame is to be laid on both parties in a conflict.


lexentry: eng/italic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: italic
trans_list: italique
sense:
(typography, of a typeface or font) Designed to resemble a handwriting style developed in Italy in the 16th century.


lexentry: eng/itch__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: itch
trans_list: démangeaison | prurit
sense:
A sensation felt on an area of the skin that causes a person or animal to want to scratch said area.


lexentry: eng/iterative__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: iterative
trans_list: itératif
sense:
Of a procedure that involves repetition of steps (iteration) to achieve the desired outcome; in computing this may involve a mechanism such as a loop.


lexentry: eng/iterative_aspect__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: iterative aspect
trans_list: fréquentatif
sense:
(grammar) A subclass of imperfective verbs that denote a continuously repeated action. An example in English would be the iterative verb sniffle, as opposed to the noniterative sniff.


lexentry: eng/ithyphallic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: ithyphallic
trans_list: ithyphallique
sense:
Of or pertaining to an upward pointing, erect penis; (specifically) of an artistic depiction of a deity or other figure: possessing an erect penis.


lexentry: eng/itself__Pronoun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: itself
trans_list: se
sense:
(reflexive pronoun) it; A thing as the object of a verb or preposition that also appears as the subject


lexentry: eng/itself__Pronoun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: itself
trans_list: se | soi-même
sense:
(emphatic) it; used to intensify the subject, especially to emphasize that it is the only participant in the predicate


lexentry: eng/ivory__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ivory
trans_list: ivoire
sense:
(uncountable) The hard white form of dentin which forms the tusks of elephants, walruses and other animals.


lexentry: eng/ivory_tower__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ivory tower
trans_list: tour d'ivoire
sense:
(idiomatic) A sheltered, overly-academic existence or perspective, implying a disconnection or lack of awareness of reality or practical considerations.


lexentry: eng/jabiru__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jabiru
trans_list: jabiru
sense:
A species of bird Jabiru mycteria in the monotypic genus Jabiru, of the stork family Ciconiidae, endemic to the Americas.


lexentry: eng/jaboticaba__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jaboticaba
trans_list: guapuru
sense:
The evergreen Brazilian grape tree, Myrciaria cauliflora, a fruit-bearing tree native to Argentina, Brazil and Paraguay.


lexentry: eng/jacana__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jacana
trans_list: jacana
sense:
Any of a group of wading birds in the family Jacanidae, usually having long toes and claws, and found throughout the world.


lexentry: eng/jack-in-the-box__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jack-in-the-box
trans_list: diable en boîte
sense:
Children’s toy consisting of a small box from which a male figure pops out unexpectedly after some turnings of a crank.


lexentry: eng/jack-o'-lantern__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jack-o'-lantern
trans_list: Jack-o’-lantern | citrouille d'Halloween | citrouille-lanterne | lanterne-citrouille
sense:
A carved pumpkin whose top and stem have been cut out and interior removed, leaving a hollow shell that is then decorated to represent a face, illuminated from within by a candle. It is a symbol of Halloween.


lexentry: eng/jack__Noun__2
sense_num: 02
written_rep: jack
trans_list: connecteur | jack | prise jack
sense:
(electronics) A switch for a jack plug, a jackknife switch; (more generally) a socket used to connect a device to a circuit, network etc. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/jack__Noun__2
sense_num: 02
written_rep: jack
trans_list: cric | connecteur | jack | prise jack
sense:
A mechanical device used to raise and (temporarily) support a heavy object, now especially to lift one side of a motor vehicle when (e.g.) changing a tyre. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/jack__Noun__2
sense_num: 02
written_rep: jack
trans_list: baton d’échappement | sautereau
sense:
Each of a series of blocks in a harpsichord or the earlier virginal, communicating the action of the key to the quill; sometime also, a hopper in a modern piano. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/jack__Noun__2
sense_num: 03
written_rep: jack
trans_list: cochonnet
sense:
(bowls) A small, typically white, ball used as the target ball in bowls; a jack-ball. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/jack__Noun__2
sense_num: 03
written_rep: jack
trans_list: âne
sense:
(nautical) A small ship's flag used as a signal or identifying device; a small flag flown at the bow of the vessel. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/jack_mackerel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jack mackerel
trans_list: chinchard
sense:
Any of various edible fish, especially of genus Trachurus, but also genera Caranx, Acanthocybium and Euthynnus.


lexentry: eng/jack_of_all_trades,_master_of_none__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jack of all trades, master of none
trans_list: bon à tout, propre à rien
sense:
(idiomatic) A person who has a competent grasp of many skills but who is not outstanding in any one.


lexentry: eng/jackal__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jackal
trans_list: chacal
sense:
Any of certain wild canids of the genera Lupulella and Canis, native to the tropical Old World and smaller than a wolf.


lexentry: eng/jackalope__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jackalope
trans_list: jackalope
sense:
A folkloric animal, a supposed cross between a jackrabbit and an antelope, goat, or deer, usually portrayed as a rabbit with antlers.


lexentry: eng/jacket__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jacket
trans_list: veste | blouson
sense:
A piece of clothing worn on the upper body outside a shirt or blouse, often waist length to thigh length.


lexentry: eng/jackhammer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jackhammer
trans_list: marteau-piqueur
sense:
A portable percussive power tool that combines a hammer and chisel used to drill or break hard matter, for instance rock or concrete.


lexentry: eng/jade__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jade
trans_list: jade
sense:
A semiprecious stone, either nephrite or jadeite, generally green or white in color, often used for carving figurines.


lexentry: eng/jadeite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jadeite
trans_list: jadéite
sense:
(mineral) A pyroxene mineral, a sodium aluminium silicate with the chemical formula Na(Al,Fe3+)Si2O6, found in metamorphic rocks.


lexentry: eng/jaggery__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jaggery
trans_list: jaggery | jagre | jagré
sense:
A traditional dark-brown unrefined sugar made from palm tree sap which is used throughout South and Southeast Asia; (by extension) other types of unrefined sugar.


lexentry: eng/jaguarundi__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jaguarundi
trans_list: jaguarondi
sense:
A medium-sized Central and South American wild cat, Puma yagouaroundi, Herpailurus yagouaroundi or Felis yagouaroundi.


lexentry: eng/jail__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jail
trans_list: prison | geôle
sense:
A place or institution for the confinement of persons held against their will in lawful custody or detention, especially (in US usage) a place where people are held for minor offenses or with reference to some future judicial proceeding.


lexentry: eng/jailbait__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jailbait
trans_list: lolita
sense:
(slang) A sexually mature person below, or appearing to be below, the legal age of consent, who is regarded, usually by an adult, as being sexually attractive and/or seductive.


lexentry: eng/jake_brake__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jake brake
trans_list: frein moteur
sense:
(slang) Especially on trucks, an engine compression release braking system that opens the exhaust valves in each cylinder near the top of their compression strokes in order to slow the vehicle; an engine retarder.


lexentry: eng/jalousie__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: jalousie
trans_list: jalousie
sense:
Upward sloping window slats which form a blind or shutter, allowing light and air in but excluding rain and direct sun.


lexentry: eng/jam__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jam
trans_list: confiture | marmelade
sense:
(less common in the, _, US) A sweet mixture of fruit boiled with sugar and allowed to congeal. Often spread on bread or toast or used in jam tarts.


lexentry: eng/jam__Verb__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: jam
trans_list: brouiller
sense:
To block or confuse a radio or radar signal by transmitting a more-powerful signal on the same frequency.


lexentry: eng/jam_session__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jam session
trans_list: jam session | bœuf
sense:
(music) An informal gathering of musicians to play music, especially improvised jazz or a similar genre.


lexentry: eng/jamb__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jamb
trans_list: jambage
sense:
(architecture, interior decorating, carpentry) Either of the vertical components that form the side of an opening in a wall, such as that of a door frame, window frame, or fireplace.


lexentry: eng/jambalaya__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jambalaya
trans_list: jambalaya
sense:
Any of various of rice-based dishes common in Louisiana Cajun or Creole cooking; most often with shrimp, oysters, chicken or ham.


lexentry: eng/jangle__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: jangle
trans_list: cliqueter
sense:
(Northern England) Of a person: to speak loudly or too much; to chatter, to prate; of a bird: to make a noisy chattering sound.


lexentry: eng/janissary__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: janissary
trans_list: janissaire
sense:
(historical) An infantry soldier, often of European Christian background from the Balkans as well as Eastern Europe and forcibly converted to Islam, in a former elite Turkish (Ottoman) guard (disbanded in 1826); (by extension) any Turkish soldier, particularly one escorting a traveller.


lexentry: eng/janitor__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: janitor
trans_list: concierge
sense:
(Scotland) A caretaker or custodian; someone who maintains a school building specifically and may serve other administrative roles.


lexentry: eng/jar__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: jar
trans_list: pot | bocal
sense:
A small, approximately cylindrical container, normally made of clay or glass, for holding fruit, preserves, etc., or for ornamental purposes.


lexentry: eng/jarbua_terapon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jarbua terapon
trans_list: violon jarbua
sense:
An edible omnivorous fish of species Terapon jarbua, fawn in color on top, cream-colored below, with a dark nape, and three or four curved dark brown bands run from the nape to the hind part of the body, the lowermost continuing across the middle of the caudal fin, of the Actinopterygii order.


lexentry: eng/jasmine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jasmine
trans_list: jasmin
sense:
Any of several plants, of the genus Jasminum, mostly native to Asia, having fragrant white or yellow flowers.


lexentry: eng/jasper__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: jasper
trans_list: jaspe
sense:
An opaque, impure variety of quartz, of red, yellow, and other dull colors, breaking conchoidally with a smooth surface.


lexentry: eng/jaundice__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jaundice
trans_list: jaunisse | ictère
sense:
(pathology) A morbid condition, characterized by yellowness of the eyes, skin, and urine. [from early 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/javelin_throw__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: javelin throw
trans_list: lancer du javelot
sense:
(athletics) An athletic throwing event where the object to be thrown is the javelin, a spear-like object made of metal, fiberglass and, in some cases, kyshashrek.


lexentry: eng/jaw__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: jaw
trans_list: mordache | mors
sense:
One of a pair of opposing parts which are movable towards or from each other, for grasping or crushing anything between them.


lexentry: eng/jaywalk__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jaywalk
trans_list: traverser en dehors des clous
sense:
(chiefly, US, legal) To behave as a jaywalker; to violate pedestrian traffic regulations by crossing a street away from a designated crossing or to walk in the part of the street intended for vehicles rather than on the sidewalk.


lexentry: eng/jazz__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jazz
trans_list: jazz
sense:
(music genre) A musical art form rooted in West African cultural and musical expression and in the African American blues tradition, with diverse influences over time, commonly characterized by blue notes, syncopation, swing, call and response, polyrhythms and improvisation.


lexentry: eng/jealous__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jealous
trans_list: jaloux | jalouse
sense:
Suspecting rivalry in love; troubled by worries that one might have been replaced in someone's affections; suspicious of a lover's or spouse's fidelity. [from 13th c.]


lexentry: eng/jealous__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: jealous
trans_list: jaloux
sense:
Protective; zealously guarding; careful in the protection of something (or someone) one has or appreciates, especially one's spouse or lover. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/jealous__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: jealous
trans_list: jaloux | envieux
sense:
Envious; feeling resentful or angered toward someone for a perceived advantage or success, material or otherwise. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/jeer__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jeer
trans_list: moquer | railler
sense:
(intransitive, with at) To utter sarcastic or mocking comments; to speak with mockery or derision; to use taunting language.


lexentry: eng/jejunum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jejunum
trans_list: jéjunum
sense:
(anatomy) The central of the three divisions of the small intestine which lies between the duodenum and the ileum


lexentry: eng/jelly__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jelly
trans_list: gelée
sense:
(New Zealand, Australia, British) A dessert made by boiling gelatine, sugar and some flavouring (often derived from fruit) and allowing it to set, known as "jello" in North America.


lexentry: eng/jelly__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: jelly
trans_list: gelée | confiture
sense:
(North America, Britain (certain specific usages)) A clear or translucent fruit preserve, made from fruit juice and set using either naturally occurring, or added, pectin. Normally known as "jam" in Commonwealth English but see redcurrant jelly and jeely.


lexentry: eng/jelly_bean__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jelly bean
trans_list: Jelly Bean
sense:
A small, bean-shaped, chewy candy/sweet with a firm coating and a jelly-like center, made of sugar, flavoring, coloring and sometimes starch or other thickener, and usually sold assorted in a wide variety of flavors and bright colors.


lexentry: eng/jellyfish__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jellyfish
trans_list: méduse
sense:
An almost transparent aquatic animal; any one of the acalephs, especially one of the larger species, having a jellylike appearance.


lexentry: eng/jerboa__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jerboa
trans_list: gerboise
sense:
Any of a number of species comprising most of the family Dipodidae, native to the deserts of Asia and northern Africa, being a small, jumping rodent with a long tufted tail, very small forefeet and very long hind legs.


lexentry: eng/jeremiad__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jeremiad
trans_list: jérémiade
sense:
A long speech or prose work that bitterly laments the state of society and its morals, and often contains a prophecy of its coming downfall.


lexentry: eng/jerk__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: jerk
trans_list: con | conard | connard | crétin
sense:
(originally, North America, slang, pejorative) A person with unlikable or obnoxious qualities and behavior, typically mean, self-centered, or disagreeable; an arsehole.


lexentry: eng/jerkin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jerkin
trans_list: justaucorps
sense:
(historical) A type of men's garment popular in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries: a close-fitting collarless jacket, with or without sleeves.


lexentry: eng/jersey__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: jersey
trans_list: maillot
sense:
(countable, US) A shirt worn by a member of an athletic team, usually oversized, typically depicting the athlete's name and team number as well as the team's logotype.


lexentry: eng/jet_bridge__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jet bridge
trans_list: doigt
sense:
(aviation) An elevated corridor connecting an airport to a plane, usually enclosed and used for disembarking and embarking passengers and crew.


lexentry: eng/jet_engine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jet engine
trans_list: moteur à réaction
sense:
An engine that obtains thrust by taking in air at the front, using it to burn fuel, then ejecting the hot combustion products at the rear through a propulsive nozzle.


lexentry: eng/jet_engine__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: jet engine
trans_list: moteur à réaction
sense:
Any engine propelled by expelling a high speed fluid jet (jet propulsion), such as a rocket, turbojet, turbofan, ramjet, etc.


lexentry: eng/jet_lag__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jet lag
trans_list: décalage horaire
sense:
(aviation) A physical condition caused by crossing time zones during flight; often the result of disruption to the circadian rhythms of the body.


lexentry: eng/jet_pack__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jet pack
trans_list: réacteur dorsal
sense:
(aviation) A piece of equipment that may be strapped to a person’s back and generate vertical thrust by a downward discharge of jet fluid, thereby rendering the person capable of flight.


lexentry: eng/jet_ski__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jet ski
trans_list: jet ski | moto aquatique | motomarine | scooter des mers
sense:
A small motorized watercraft with a flattish hull and an upright centre, which a rider sits astride.


lexentry: eng/jetty__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jetty
trans_list: jetée
sense:
A structure of wood or stone extended into the sea to influence the current or tide, or to protect a harbor or beach.


lexentry: eng/jeu_de_paume__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jeu de paume
trans_list: jeu de paume
sense:
A precursor of lawn tennis, originally played by hitting the ball with the palm of the hand instead of with a racquet.


lexentry: eng/jewbush__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jewbush
trans_list: pantouflier
sense:
The low-growing tropical American shrub Euphorbia tithymaloides (formerly Pedilanthus tithymaloides).


lexentry: eng/jewel__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: jewel
trans_list: bijou | joyau
sense:
A valuable object used for personal ornamentation, especially one made of precious metals and stones; a piece of jewellery.


lexentry: eng/jewellery__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jewellery
trans_list: joaillerie | bijoux
sense:
Collectively, personal ornamentation such as rings, necklaces, brooches and bracelets, made of precious metals and sometimes set with gemstones.


lexentry: eng/jiangshi__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jiangshi
trans_list: jiangshi
sense:
A reanimated corpse in Chinese legend, which moves around by hopping with its arms outstretched, and kills living creatures to absorb their life force.


lexentry: eng/jiaozi__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jiaozi
trans_list: gyoza | jiaozi
sense:
A Chinese crescent-shaped dumpling filled with a minced stuffing and steamed, boiled or fried; the Chinese equivalent of the Japanese gyoza.


lexentry: eng/jib__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: jib
trans_list: foc
sense:
(nautical, usually with a modifier) Any of a variety of specialty triangular staysails set forward of the foremast.


lexentry: eng/jicama__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jicama
trans_list: jícama | pois patate
sense:
The edible root of the yam bean, Pachyrhizus erosus, used in salads in Central America and as a snack in Mexico.


lexentry: eng/jigger__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jigger
trans_list: doigt
sense:
(US) A double-ended vessel, generally of stainless steel or other metal, one end of which typically measures 1½ fluid ounces (approx. 44 ml), the other typically 1 fluid ounce (approx. 30 ml).


lexentry: eng/jigsaw_puzzle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jigsaw puzzle
trans_list: puzzle
sense:
A type of puzzle in which the aim is to reconstruct a picture that has been cut (originally, with a jigsaw) into many small interlocking pieces.


lexentry: eng/jihadism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jihadism
trans_list: jihadisme
sense:
The ideological movement within modern Islamism that advocates armed jihad and hostility against non-believers.


lexentry: eng/jimsonweed__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jimsonweed
trans_list: stramoine
sense:
(US) A poisonous plant of the Datura stramonium species, part of the nightshade (Solanaceae) family, occasionally ingested as a hallucinogen.


lexentry: eng/jingle__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: jingle
trans_list: grelot
sense:
(music) A small piece of metal attached to a musical instrument, such as a tambourine, so as to make a jangling sound when the instrument is played.


lexentry: eng/jingle__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: jingle
trans_list: jingle
sense:
(broadcasting, advertising, music) A memorable short song, or in some cases a snippet of a popular song with its lyrics modified, used for the purposes of advertising a product or service in a TV or radio commercial.


lexentry: eng/jingle_bell__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jingle bell
trans_list: grelot
sense:
A small, hollow, spherical metal bell with a narrow slit opening or small holes, containing a loose ball or rod as a clapper, which is attached to a horse's harness as a signal, or (percussion instrument) used as a musical instrument.


lexentry: eng/jingoism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jingoism
trans_list: jingoïsme | bellicisme
sense:
(uncountable) Excessive patriotism or aggressive nationalism, especially with regards to foreign policy.


lexentry: eng/jingoist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jingoist
trans_list: chauvin
sense:
One who advocates an aggressive nationalism; one who vociferously supports a nation's military aims.


lexentry: eng/jingoistic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jingoistic
trans_list: chauvin | cocardier
sense:
Overly patriotic or nationalistic, often with an element of favouring war or an aggressive foreign policy.


lexentry: eng/jinn__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jinn
trans_list: djinn | jinn
sense:
(Arabic culture) A human-like spiritual or immaterial being, as opposed to al-ins (people), often invisible but able to manifest in form and also inhabit people or animals; origin of the genie of Western literature, film etc.


lexentry: eng/jive__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: jive
trans_list: dribler
sense:
(intransitive, colloquial) To dance, originally to jive or swing music; later, to jazz, rock and roll, rhythm and blues, disco, etc.


lexentry: eng/job-hopping__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: job-hopping
trans_list: instabilité professionnelle
sense:
The practice of suddenly or frequently changing jobs, especially for financial or career advancement reasons.


lexentry: eng/job__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: job
trans_list: boulot | travail | job | tâche
sense:
(computing) A task, or series of tasks, carried out in batch mode (especially on a mainframe computer).


lexentry: eng/job_interview__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: job interview
trans_list: entretien d'embauche
sense:
A formal interview in which a job applicant must answer questions, especially in a professional manner, to determine whether they are suitable for the job applied for.


lexentry: eng/job_title__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: job title
trans_list: intitulé de poste
sense:
A specific designation of a post within an organization, normally associated with a job description that details the tasks and responsibilities that go with it.


lexentry: eng/jockstrap__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jockstrap
trans_list: suspensoir | coquille
sense:
(sports) An athletic supporter worn by men and boys to support the genitals during strenuous exercise.


lexentry: eng/joint-stock_company__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: joint-stock company
trans_list: société anonyme | société par actions | SA
sense:
(business, finance, legal, UK) A company with transferable ownership interests and limited shareholder liability.


lexentry: eng/joint-stock_company__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: joint-stock company
trans_list: société anonyme | société par actions | SA
sense:
(business, finance, legal, US) A company with transferable ownership interests and unlimited shareholder liability.


lexentry: eng/joint__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: joint
trans_list: articulation | jointure | boui-boui | resto
sense:
(anatomy) Any part of the body where two bones join, in most cases allowing that part of the body to be bent or straightened.


lexentry: eng/joint__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: joint
trans_list: jointure | assemblage
sense:
A cut of meat, especially (but not necessarily) (a) one containing a joint in the sense of an articulation or (b) one rolled up and tied.


lexentry: eng/joint__Noun__1
sense_num: 08
written_rep: joint
trans_list: boui-boui | resto
sense:
(chiefly, US, _, slang, may be somewhat, _, pejorative) A place of business, particularly in the food service or hospitality industries; sometimes extended to any place that is a focus of human connection or activity (e.g., schools, hangouts, party spots).


lexentry: eng/joint_custody__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: joint custody
trans_list: garde alternée | garde conjointe | garde partagée
sense:
(legal) An arrangement whereby the mother and the father share the physical and legal custody of a child.


lexentry: eng/joint_lock__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: joint lock
trans_list: clef
sense:
(combat sports) Any lock designed to hyperextend one of the joints of the body, leading to pain and/or injury.


lexentry: eng/joint_venture__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: joint venture
trans_list: coentreprise | joint-venture | entreprise commune
sense:
A cooperative partnership between two individuals or businesses in which profits and risks are shared.


lexentry: eng/joist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: joist
trans_list: solive
sense:
A piece of timber or steel laid horizontally, or nearly so, to which the planks of the floor, or the laths or furring strips of a ceiling, are nailed.


lexentry: eng/jojoba__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jojoba
trans_list: jojoba
sense:
A shrub native to the southwestern United States and to Mexico, Simmondsia chinensis: the only plant known to store liquid wax in its seed.


lexentry: eng/joker__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: joker
trans_list: joker
sense:
A playing card that features a picture of a joker (that is, a jester) and that may be used as a wild card in some card games.


lexentry: eng/joss_paper__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: joss paper
trans_list: billet funéraire
sense:
A sheet of paper or other papercraft item used as a burnt offering in traditional Chinese veneration of the dead.


lexentry: eng/jot__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jot
trans_list: noter au brouillon
sense:
(transitive) Chiefly followed by down: to write (something) quickly; to make a brief note of (something).


lexentry: eng/jotun__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jotun
trans_list: géant
sense:
(Norse mythology) A member of a race of giants who usually stand in opposition to the Æsir and especially to Thor.


lexentry: eng/joule__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: joule
trans_list: joule
sense:
In the International System of Units, the derived unit of energy, work and heat; the work required to exert a force of one newton for a distance of one metre. Equivalent to one watt of power for a duration of one second. Symbol: J


lexentry: eng/jour_fixe__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jour fixe
trans_list: jour fixe
sense:
(arts) A series of presentations and/or performances, discussions or similar events that happen on a fixed day every month (or similar; for example "every second Sunday of a month"). Used mainly by cultural and artistic organizations.


lexentry: eng/journal__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: journal
trans_list: historique | journal | registre
sense:
(computing) A chronological record of changes made to a database or other system; along with a backup or image copy that allows recovery after a failure or reinstatement to a previous time; a log.


lexentry: eng/joust__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: joust
trans_list: joute équestre
sense:
A tilting match: a mock combat between two mounted knights or men-at-arms using lances in the lists or enclosed field.


lexentry: eng/jowl__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jowl
trans_list: babine | bajoue
sense:
A fold of fatty flesh under the chin, around the cheeks, or lower jaw (as a dewlap, wattle, crop, or double chin).


lexentry: eng/joy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: joy
trans_list: joie
sense:
A feeling of extreme happiness or cheerfulness, especially related to the acquisition or expectation of something good.


lexentry: eng/joystick__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: joystick
trans_list: joystick | manche à balai | manche | manette
sense:
A mechanical device consisting of a handgrip mounted on a base or pedestal and typically having one or more buttons, used to control an aircraft, computer, or other equipment.


lexentry: eng/jubilee__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: jubilee
trans_list: jubilé
sense:
A major anniversary of an event, particularly the fiftieth (50th) anniversary of a coronation or marriage. [from late 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/judge__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: judge
trans_list: juge
sense:
A public official whose duty it is to administer the law, especially by presiding over trials and rendering judgments; a justice.


lexentry: eng/judgement_day__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: judgement day
trans_list: jugement dernier | jour du jugement
sense:
(Christianity, Islam, Judaism) The final trial of all humankind, both the living and the dead, by God expected to take place at the end of the world, when each is rewarded or punished according to their merits; the Final Judgment, the Last Judgment.


lexentry: eng/judgment__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: judgment
trans_list: jugement | sentence | verdict
sense:
The power or faculty of performing such operations; especially, when unqualified, the faculty of judging or deciding rightly, justly, or wisely


lexentry: eng/judgment__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: judgment
trans_list: jugement
sense:
(legal) The act of determining, as in courts of law, what is conformable to law and justice; also, the determination, decision, or sentence of a court, or of a judge.


lexentry: eng/judgment_call__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: judgment call
trans_list: conclusion
sense:
Any decision or other determination based on subjective criteria, especially one which takes into account the particular circumstances of a situation.


lexentry: eng/judicial_branch__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: judicial branch
trans_list: pouvoir judicatif
sense:
The branch of government which is concerned with the administration of justice through the interpretation of the law.


lexentry: eng/jug__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jug
trans_list: cruche | pichet | carafe
sense:
A serving vessel or container, typically circular in cross-section and typically higher than it is wide, with a relatively small mouth or spout, an ear handle and often a stopper or top.


lexentry: eng/juggle__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: juggle
trans_list: jongler
sense:
To manipulate objects, such as balls, clubs, beanbags, rings, etc. in an artful or artistic manner. Juggling may also include assorted other circus skills such as the diabolo, devil sticks, hat, and cigar box manipulation as well.


lexentry: eng/juggling__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: juggling
trans_list: jonglerie | jonglage
sense:
The art of moving objects, such as balls, clubs, beanbags, rings, etc. in an artful or artistic manner.


lexentry: eng/jugular_vein__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jugular vein
trans_list: jugulaire
sense:
(anatomy) Any of several veins on each side of the neck, which drain the brain, face and neck of deoxygenated blood.


lexentry: eng/juice_jacking__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: juice jacking
trans_list: juice jacking
sense:
(computing, technology) The act of stealing information from mobile devices by placing a data-stealing device that appears to be a charging station in a place where passers-by are likely to plug their devices into it.


lexentry: eng/jujitsu__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jujitsu
trans_list: jujitsu
sense:
A method of self-defence established in Japan emphasizing “jū” (soft or gentle) “jutsu” (art or technique). Japanese martial art that utilizes a large variety of techniques in defense against an opponent.


lexentry: eng/jukebox__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jukebox
trans_list: juke-box
sense:
A coin-operated machine that plays recorded music; it has push-buttons to make selections. [from 1939]


lexentry: eng/jumble_sale__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jumble sale
trans_list: brocante
sense:
(British) A sale of used goods by individuals operating tables or stalls, usually held indoors and open to the public.


lexentry: eng/jump-start__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jump-start
trans_list: pontage | ponter
sense:
(transitive) To start a motor vehicle by passing an electrical current from a charged battery to the discharged ("dead" or "flat") battery of the vehicle being started, by using booster cables to temporarily connect the two batteries in parallel.


lexentry: eng/jump__Noun__1
sense_num: 14
written_rep: jump
trans_list: saut
sense:
(mathematics) A discontinuity in the graph of a function, where the function is continuous in a punctured interval of the discontinuity.


lexentry: eng/jump__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jump
trans_list: sauter
sense:
(intransitive) To propel oneself rapidly upward, downward and/or in any horizontal direction such that momentum causes the body to become airborne.


lexentry: eng/jump__Verb__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: jump
trans_list: sursauter
sense:
(intransitive) To react to a sudden, often unexpected, stimulus (such as a sharp prick or a loud sound) by jerking the body violently.


lexentry: eng/jump__Verb__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: jump
trans_list: sauter
sense:
(intransitive) To employ a move in certain board games where one game piece is moved from one legal position to another passing over the position of another piece.


lexentry: eng/jump_cut__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jump cut
trans_list: coup franche | coup sèche
sense:
(film) A cinematographic edit in which a single continuous sequential shot of a subject is broken into two parts, with a piece of footage being removed in order to render the effect of jumping forward in time.


lexentry: eng/jump_rope__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jump rope
trans_list: sauter à la corde
sense:
(idiomatic) To repeatedly jump over a rope, the ends of which are held by the jumper or by two others, while the rope is swung under the feet and over the head of the jumper; to play the game of jump rope; to exercise by jumping rope.


lexentry: eng/jump_scare__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jump scare
trans_list: jump scare
sense:
(narratology) The technique, typically used in horror films and video games, of having something occur suddenly and without warning to frighten the audience.


lexentry: eng/jump_the_gun__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: jump the gun
trans_list: commettre un [[délit d'initié]]
sense:
(idiomatic, finance, investing) To trade securities based on information that is not yet public; to trade on inside information.


lexentry: eng/jump_the_queue__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jump the queue
trans_list: resquiller | passer devant tout le monde
sense:
To move into a queue ahead of others who have been waiting longer or that have a higher priority; push in.


lexentry: eng/jump_the_shark__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jump the shark
trans_list: sauter le requin
sense:
(idiomatic, of a television program or other narrative) To undergo a storyline development which heralds a fundamental and generally disappointing change in direction.


lexentry: eng/jumping_jack__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: jumping jack
trans_list: pantin
sense:
(dated) A toy figure of a person, with jointed limbs, that can be made to jump or dance by means of pulling attached strings.


lexentry: eng/jumping_spider__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jumping spider
trans_list: araignée sauteuse
sense:
Any of very many spiders, of the family Salticidae, that jump from place to place with the aid of a silk tether.


lexentry: eng/junction_box__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: junction box
trans_list: boîte de dérivation
sense:
(electrical engineering) A box through which the main conductors of a system of electric distribution pass, and where connection is made with branch circuits or to extend circuits.


lexentry: eng/juncture__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: juncture
trans_list: joncture
sense:
(linguistics) The manner of moving (transition) or mode of relationship between two consecutive sounds; a suprasegmental phonemic cue, by which a listener can distinguish between two otherwise identical sequences of sounds that have different meanings.


lexentry: eng/jungle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jungle
trans_list: jungle | forêt vierge | forêt tropicale
sense:
A large, undeveloped, humid forest, especially in a tropical region, that is home to many wild plants and animals; a tropical rainforest.


lexentry: eng/jungle_gym__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jungle gym
trans_list: cage à poules
sense:
(US, Israel) A play structure designed for children to climb on, traditionally constructed as a frame of metal bars as introduced in 1920.


lexentry: eng/junior_college__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: junior college
trans_list: institut
sense:
(education) An institution of higher education that awards an associate's degree but not a bachelor's degree or higher.


lexentry: eng/junior_high_school__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: junior high school
trans_list: collège
sense:
(education) A school for children who have completed elementary school or grade school, but are not yet old enough for high school. In the US, it often includes grades 7 and 8, and possibly also 6 or 9.


lexentry: eng/juniper__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: juniper
trans_list: genévrier | genièvre
sense:
Any shrub or tree of the genus Juniperus of the cypress family, which is characterized by pointed, needle-like leaves and aromatic berry-like cones.


lexentry: eng/junk_bond__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: junk bond
trans_list: obligation pourrie
sense:
(finance) A bond (an instrument of debt) which is considered below "investment grade" due to a significant risk of default by the issuer. The interest rate is higher in order to compensate holders for that risk.


lexentry: eng/junk_mail__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: junk mail
trans_list: courrier indésirable | pourriel
sense:
(post) Any mail or letters that are not welcome or solicited and typically sent in bulk; especially mail of a commercial nature such as advertising circulars and form letters.


lexentry: eng/junket__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: junket
trans_list: ballade | excursion | troisième mi-temps | virée
sense:
A pleasure-trip; a journey made for feasting or enjoyment, now especially a trip made ostensibly for business but which entails merrymaking or entertainment.


lexentry: eng/junkyard_dog__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: junkyard dog
trans_list: chien de la casse
sense:
(idiomatic, by extension, hyphenated when used attributively) An animal or person with an especially nasty and combative demeanor.


lexentry: eng/juridical__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: juridical
trans_list: juridique
sense:
Pertaining to the law or rule of law, legal; judicial, related to the administration of justice (as to jurisprudence, or to the function of a judge or court).


lexentry: eng/juridical_act__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: juridical act
trans_list: acte juridique
sense:
(civil, _, law, Louisiana, Philippines) Any conduct by a person intended to create, modify, transfer, preserve, or extinguish a right, obligation, or legal relationship.


lexentry: eng/juristic_act__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: juristic act
trans_list: acte juridique
sense:
(civil, _, law, South Africa) Any conduct by a person intended to create, modify, transfer, preserve, or extinguish a right, obligation, or legal relationship.


lexentry: eng/jury__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jury
trans_list: jury
sense:
(law) A group of individuals chosen from the general population to hear and decide a case in a court of law.


lexentry: eng/jussive__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jussive
trans_list: jussif
sense:
(grammar, uncountable, and, countable) The jussive mood, a verb inflection used to indicate a command, permission or agreement with a request; an instance of a verb so inflected.


lexentry: eng/justiciable__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: justiciable
trans_list: justiciable
sense:
(legal) Of or pertaining to justiciability; able to be evaluated and resolved by the courts; that can be adjudicated.


lexentry: eng/justification__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: justification
trans_list: justification
sense:
(countable) A reason, explanation, or excuse which someone believes provides convincing, morally acceptable support for behavior or for a belief or occurrence.


lexentry: eng/justification__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: justification
trans_list: justification
sense:
(typography, uncountable) The alignment of text to the left margin (left justification), the right margin (right justification), or both margins (full justification).


lexentry: eng/justified__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: justified
trans_list: justifié
sense:
(typography) Of text, arranged on a page or a computer screen such that the left and right ends of all lines within paragraphs are aligned.


lexentry: eng/justify__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: justify
trans_list: justifier
sense:
(transitive, typography) To arrange (text) on a page or a computer screen such that the left and right ends of all lines within paragraphs are aligned.


lexentry: eng/jute__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: jute
trans_list: jute
sense:
The coarse, strong fiber of the East Indian plants, Corchorus olitorius and Corchorus capsularis, used to make mats, paper, gunny cloth etc.


lexentry: eng/kabuki__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kabuki
trans_list: kabuki
sense:
(often, capitalized) A form of Japanese theatre in which elaborately costumed male performers use stylized movements, dances, and songs in order to enact tragedies and comedies.


lexentry: eng/kachelofen__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kachelofen
trans_list: poêle en faïence
sense:
A German type of ceramic tile stove or cocklestove which captures heat from periodic burning of fuel such as wood and radiates it over a long period to heat a living space.


lexentry: eng/kachina__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kachina
trans_list: Katsina | kachina | katchina
sense:
(Pueblo culture) A vaguely ancestral anthropomorphic spirit being, associated with clouds and rain or personifying the power in the sun, the earth, or corn (among other things).


lexentry: eng/kaddish__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kaddish
trans_list: kaddish | qaddich
sense:
(Judaism) A Jewish prayer of praise to God recited during services, and specifically when mourning the death of a close relative.


lexentry: eng/kaffir__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: kaffir
trans_list: cafre
sense:
(countable, South Africa, Rhodesia, ethnic slur, offensive, derogatory) A black person. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/kafir__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kafir
trans_list: kafir | kâfir
sense:
(Islam, countable, offensive, religious slur, political) A disbeliever, a denier: someone who rejects or disbelieves in Allah or the tenets of Islam; or more broadly any non-Muslim.


lexentry: eng/kailan__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kailan
trans_list: brocoli de Chine | gaï lan
sense:
Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra, a long, blue-green vegetable with thick, glossy stems and leaves typically eaten in Chinese and particularly Cantonese cooking.


lexentry: eng/kairomone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kairomone
trans_list: kairomone
sense:
(biochemistry, ecology) Any substance produced by an individual of one species (often an insect) that benefits the recipient which is of a different species but is harmful to the producer. [from 1970]


lexentry: eng/kakapo__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kakapo
trans_list: strigops kakapo
sense:
A large flightless parrot, Strigops habroptila, with greenish plumage, that is nocturnal and native to New Zealand.


lexentry: eng/kakistocracy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kakistocracy
trans_list: kakistocratie
sense:
(political science) Government under the control of a nation's worst or least-qualified citizens. [from 1829.]


lexentry: eng/kakuro__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kakuro
trans_list: kakuro
sense:
(games) A type of number puzzle, similar to a crossword but with numbers. Each "clue" is the sum of the digits to be placed in its group of squares, and no digit can be repeated within a group.


lexentry: eng/kalach__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kalach
trans_list: kalatch
sense:
Traditional East Slavic bread shaped like a padlock or various kinds of wheels. Other Slavic nations have similar but not identical types of pastry, e.g. Czech or Slovak koláč/koláč, Polish kołacz, Bulgarian колач, Serbo-Croatian колач/kolač, etc.


lexentry: eng/kale__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kale
trans_list: chou frisé
sense:
An edible plant, similar to cabbage, with curled leaves that do not form a dense head (Brassica oleracea var. acephala)


lexentry: eng/kaleidoscope__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kaleidoscope
trans_list: kaléidoscope | caléidoscope
sense:
An instrument consisting of a tube containing mirrors and loose, colourful beads or other objects; when the tube is looked into and rotated, a succession of symmetrical designs can be seen. [from 1817]


lexentry: eng/kalokagathia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kalokagathia
trans_list: kalokagathie
sense:
(philosophy) A Platonic teaching consisting of the harmonious combination of bodily, moral and spiritual virtues.


lexentry: eng/kamancheh__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kamancheh
trans_list: lyre
sense:
(musical instrument) A long-necked stringed instrument (a spike fiddle) with a bowl-shaped body, traditionally featuring three silk strings but now more often four metal ones, played with a bow, common among the peoples of the Caucasus, Anatolia and the Near East.


lexentry: eng/kamichi__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kamichi
trans_list: kamichi
sense:
A South American bird with a long, slender, horn-like ornament on its head and two sharp spurs on each wing, the horned screamer, Anhima cornuta.


lexentry: eng/kana__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kana
trans_list: kana
sense:
The hiragana and katakana syllabaries. These are made up of characters that represent individual syllables, which are used to write Japanese words and particles. Kana are derived from kanji.


lexentry: eng/kangaroo__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kangaroo
trans_list: kangourou
sense:
A member of the Macropodidae family of large marsupials with strong hind legs for hopping, native to Australia. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/kangaroo_court__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kangaroo court
sense:
(originally, US, idiomatic) A judicial or quasi-judicial proceeding, or a group of people which conducts such proceedings, which is without proper authority, and often acts abusively or decides unjustly. [from mid 19th c.]

trans_list:
tribunal fantoche | tribunal illégal | tribunal improvisé | tribunal irrégulier | tribunal populaire


lexentry: eng/kaolinite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kaolinite
trans_list: kaolinite
sense:
(mineral) A common hydrous aluminosilicate mineral found in sediments, soils and sedimentary rocks, Al2Si2O5(OH)4; one of the kaolin group of minerals.


lexentry: eng/kaon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kaon
trans_list: kaon
sense:
(particle) any of four unstable subatomic particles, mesons, they are a combination of a strange quark or antiquark and either an up or down quark or antiquark


lexentry: eng/kaph__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kaph
trans_list: kaf | kaph
sense:
The eleventh letter of many Semitic alphabets/abjads (Phoenician, Aramaic, Hebrew, Syriac, Arabic and others).


lexentry: eng/kapo__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kapo
trans_list: kapo
sense:
(historical) A prisoner in a Nazi concentration camp who was given food and privileges in return for supervising other prisoners doing forced labor.


lexentry: eng/kapok__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kapok
trans_list: capoc
sense:
A silky fibre obtained from seed pods of the silk-cotton tree (Ceiba pentandra) used for insulation and stuffing for mattresses, pillows, etc.


lexentry: eng/kapok_tree__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kapok tree
trans_list: fromager
sense:
Ceiba pentandra, a tree of the tropical Americas and west-central Africa, with white flowers, cultivated in south-east Asia for its seed fibre.


lexentry: eng/karaoke__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: karaoke
trans_list: karaoké
sense:
(uncountable) A form of entertainment popular in clubs, at parties, etc, in which individual members of the public sing along to pre-recorded instrumental versions of popular songs, the lyrics of which are displayed for the singer on a screen in time with the music.


lexentry: eng/karate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: karate
trans_list: karaté
sense:
An Okinawan martial art involving primarily punching and kicking, but additionally, advanced throws, arm bars, grappling and all means of fighting.


lexentry: eng/karma__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: karma
trans_list: karma
sense:
(Hinduism, Buddhism, Sikhism, Jainism) The sum total of a person's actions, which determine the person's next incarnation in samsara, the cycle of death and rebirth.


lexentry: eng/karst__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: karst
trans_list: karst
sense:
(geology) A type of land formation, usually with many caves formed through the dissolving of limestone by underground drainage.


lexentry: eng/karyokinesis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: karyokinesis
trans_list: caryocinèse | karyokinèse
sense:
(biology) The process of change that takes place during the division of a cell nucleus at mitosis or meiosis.


lexentry: eng/karyotype__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: karyotype
trans_list: caryotype
sense:
(genetics) The observed characteristics (number, type, shape, etc) of the chromosomes of an individual or species.


lexentry: eng/kasra__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kasra
trans_list: kasra
sense:
In Arabic script, the vowel point for "i", appearing as a small diagonal line placed below a letter ( ⁧ـِ⁩ ) and designating a short i /i/. If the Arabic letter ي immediately follows, it indicates a long ī /iː/.


lexentry: eng/kasra__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: kasra
trans_list: kasra
sense:
In a fully vocalised Persian ـِ represents the vowel /e/ and is only used in front of ـی to represent a diphthong, so unmarked دی is /di/ but دِی with the diacritic is /dej/. This usage is different from Arabic.


lexentry: eng/kasseri__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kasseri
trans_list: kasséri
sense:
A medium-hard pale yellow cheese of Bulgaria, Greece and Turkey, usually made from unpasteurized sheep milk.


lexentry: eng/katabatic_wind__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: katabatic wind
trans_list: vent catabatique
sense:
(climatology) A drainage wind or a fall wind: a wind, such as the bora or Bohemian wind, which moves high density air from a higher elevation down an incline, due to the force of gravity.


lexentry: eng/katakana__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: katakana
trans_list: katakana
sense:
(uncountable) A Japanese syllabary used when writing words borrowed from foreign languages other than Chinese, specific names of plants and animals and other jargon, onomatopoeia, or to emphasize a word or phrase. Also used to write the Ainu language.


lexentry: eng/katal__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: katal
trans_list: katal
sense:
In the International System of Units, the derived unit of catalytic activity; one mole per second. Symbol: kat.


lexentry: eng/katana__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: katana
trans_list: katana
sense:
A type of Japanese longsword or 日本刀, having a single edge and slight curvature, historically used by samurai and ninja.


lexentry: eng/kayak__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kayak
trans_list: kayak
sense:
A type of small boat, covered over by a surface deck, powered by the occupant or occupants using a double-bladed paddle in a sitting position, from a hole in the surface deck


lexentry: eng/kaymak__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kaymak
trans_list: kaïmac
sense:
A creamy dairy product, similar to clotted cream, made in the Balkans, Turkey, the Middle East, Central Asia, Iran, Afghanistan, and India. It is made from the milk of water buffalos in the East or of cows in the West.


lexentry: eng/kazoo__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kazoo
trans_list: gazou | kazoo | kazou
sense:
(musical instrument) A simple musical instrument (a membranophone) consisting of a pipe with a hole in it, producing a buzzing sound when the player hums into it.


lexentry: eng/kebab__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kebab
trans_list: kébab | kebab | kebap
sense:
(British) A dish of pieces of meat, fish, or vegetables roasted on a skewer or spit, especially a doner kebab.


lexentry: eng/keel__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: keel
trans_list: quille
sense:
(nautical) A rigid, flat piece of material anchored to the lowest part of the hull of a ship to give it greater control and stability.


lexentry: eng/keel_over__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: keel over
trans_list: chavirer | se renverser | se retourner
sense:
(intransitive, nautical, also, _, figuratively) Of a vessel: to roll so far on its side that it cannot recover; to capsize or turn turtle.


lexentry: eng/keelson__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: keelson
trans_list: carlingue
sense:
(nautical) A longitudinal beam fastened on top of the keel of a vessel for strength and stiffness. [from c. 1611]


lexentry: eng/keen__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: keen
trans_list: aigu
sense:
(chiefly, Commonwealth) Often with a prepositional phrase, or with to and an infinitive: showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness; eager, enthusiastic, interested.


lexentry: eng/keep_one's_head_above_water__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: keep one's head above water
trans_list: garder la tête hors de l'eau
sense:
(idiomatic) To survive or endure, especially in a situation in which one is struggling to avoid being overwhelmed by adverse financial circumstances.


lexentry: eng/keep_someone_company__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: keep someone company
trans_list: tenir compagnie
sense:
(idiomatic) To remain with or accompany someone, especially to make them feel more comfortable with a certain situation.


lexentry: eng/keep_the_change__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: keep the change
trans_list: gardez la monnaie
sense:
An instruction to a taxi driver, waiter etc. to keep the change from the amount handed over as a tip.


lexentry: eng/keep_up_appearances__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: keep up appearances
trans_list: sauver les apparences
sense:
(idiomatic) To pretend to be all right or that everything is going well; to maintain an appearance of wealth, comfort, or propriety.


lexentry: eng/keeper__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: keeper
trans_list: gardien | conservateur | gardienne | conservatrice | perle
sense:
A person charged with guarding or caring for, storing, or maintaining something; a custodian, a guard; sometimes a gamekeeper.


lexentry: eng/keeper__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: keeper
trans_list: arrêtoir | gâche
sense:
A part of a mechanism that catches or retains another part, for example the part of a door lock that fits in the frame and receives the bolt.


lexentry: eng/keepsake__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: keepsake
trans_list: souvenir
sense:
Some object given by a person and retained in memory of something or someone; something kept for sentimental or nostalgic reasons.


lexentry: eng/kelpie__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kelpie
trans_list: kelpie
sense:
(Celtic mythology) A malevolent shapeshifting spirit, most often in the form of a horse, believed to haunt the rivers and lochs of Scotland.


lexentry: eng/kelvin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kelvin
trans_list: kelvin
sense:
In the International System of Units, the base unit of thermodynamic temperature; 1⁄273.16 of the thermodynamic temperature of the triple point of water. Shown as "K".


lexentry: eng/kenosis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kenosis
trans_list: kénose
sense:
(Christianity) Christ's voluntary abasement consisting of humanity and the simultaneous occultation of the Divinity.


lexentry: eng/keratoconus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: keratoconus
trans_list: kératocône
sense:
(pathology) A degenerative non-inflammatory disorder of the eye in which structural changes within the cornea cause it to thin and change to a more conical shape than its normal even curve


lexentry: eng/keratophyre__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: keratophyre
trans_list: kératophyre
sense:
(petrography) A compact porphyritic rock composed of alkali-feldspars and diopside, and possibly including quartz.


lexentry: eng/kerb__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kerb
trans_list: bordure | bordure du trottoir
sense:
(British, AU, NZ) The raised edge between the pavement and the roadway, typically made of concrete though originally consisting of a line of kerbstones.


lexentry: eng/kerfuffle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kerfuffle
trans_list: brouhaha | désordre | tumulte
sense:
(chiefly, Commonwealth, informal) A disorderly outburst, disturbance, commotion, or tumult. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]


lexentry: eng/kernel__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: kernel
trans_list: cerneau | amande
sense:
(botany) The central (usually edible) part of a nut, especially once the hard shell has been removed.


lexentry: eng/kernel__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: kernel
trans_list: noyau
sense:
(computing) The central part of many computer operating systems which manages the system's resources and the communication between hardware and software components.


lexentry: eng/kernel__Noun__1
sense_num: 11
written_rep: kernel
trans_list: noyau
sense:
(mathematics, linear algebra, group theory, functional analysis) For a given function (especially a linear transformation between vector spaces or homomorphism between groups), the set of elements in the domain which are mapped to zero; (formally) given f : X → Y, the set {x ∈ X : f(x) = 0}.


lexentry: eng/kerosene__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kerosene
trans_list: kérosène
sense:
A thin colorless, blue- or straw-colored petroleum-based fuel heavier than gasoline/petrol or naptha but lighter than diesel, used primarily as jet fuel but also for heating and lighting in some remote or impoverished areas.


lexentry: eng/kerygma__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kerygma
trans_list: kérygme
sense:
The Apostolic proclamation of religious truths; the core teachings of Christianity taught by the early Church.


lexentry: eng/ketamine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ketamine
trans_list: kétamine
sense:
(pharmaceutical drug) A synthetic compound used as an anesthetic and analgesic drug and also (illicitly) as a hallucinogen.


lexentry: eng/ketch__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ketch
trans_list: ketch
sense:
A fore-and-aft rigged sailing vessel with two masts, main and mizzen, the mizzen being stepped forward of the rudder post.


lexentry: eng/ketchup__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ketchup
trans_list: ketchup
sense:
(uncountable, chiefly, US, Canada, UK) Ellipsis of tomato ketchup. A tomato-vinegar-based sauce, sometimes containing spices, onion or garlic, and (especially in the US) sweeteners.


lexentry: eng/ketoacidosis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ketoacidosis
trans_list: acidocétose
sense:
(biology, medicine) A severe form of ketosis, most commonly seen in diabetics, in which so much ketone is produced that acidosis occurs.


lexentry: eng/ketone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ketone
trans_list: cétone
sense:
(organic compound) A homologous series of organic molecules whose functional group is an oxygen atom joined to a carbon atom—by a double bond—in a carbon-hydrogen based molecule.


lexentry: eng/kettlebell__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kettlebell
trans_list: girevoy
sense:
A weight consisting of a cast iron ball with a single handle for gripping the weight during exercise.


lexentry: eng/kettledrum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kettledrum
trans_list: timbale
sense:
(musical instruments) A large percussion instrument with a drumhead that is stretched over a hemispherical metal bowl.


lexentry: eng/kettling__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kettling
trans_list: nasse
sense:
A crowd control technique, used by police, where a hostile group of protesters or rioters are surrounded and not allowed to disperse, sometimes with the use of temporary fencing to corral and isolate portions of the group.


lexentry: eng/key__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: key
trans_list: touche
sense:
(computing) One of several small, usually square buttons on a typewriter or computer keyboard, mostly corresponding to text characters.


lexentry: eng/key__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: key
trans_list: touche | clé | clef
sense:
In instruments with a keyboard such as an organ or piano, one of the levers, or especially the exposed front end of it, which are depressed to cause a particular sound or note to be produced.


lexentry: eng/key__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: key
trans_list: clé | clef
sense:
In musical instruments, one of the valve levers used to select notes, such as a lever opening a hole on a woodwind.


lexentry: eng/key__Noun__1
sense_num: 12
written_rep: key
trans_list: clé | clef
sense:
(historical) A manual electrical switching device primarily used for the transmission of Morse code.


lexentry: eng/key__Noun__1
sense_num: 13
written_rep: key
trans_list: clé | clef
sense:
(cryptography) A piece of information (e.g., a password or passphrase) used to encode or decode a message or messages.


lexentry: eng/key__Noun__1
sense_num: 15
written_rep: key
trans_list: clé | clef
sense:
(databases) In a relational database, a field used as an index into another table (not necessarily unique).


lexentry: eng/key__Noun__1
sense_num: 18
written_rep: key
trans_list: clé | clef
sense:
(biology) A series of logically organized groups of discriminating information which aims to allow the user to correctly identify a taxon.


lexentry: eng/key_fob__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: key fob
trans_list: clé de contact
sense:
An active wireless electronic device that controls access to buildings or vehicles, such as a remote control for a car door lock.


lexentry: eng/key_performance_indicator__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: key performance indicator
trans_list: indicateur clé de performance
sense:
(management) A financial or non-financial metric used to help an organization define and measure progress towards its goals.


lexentry: eng/key_signature__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: key signature
trans_list: armure | armature
sense:
(music) An indication of the key of a composition, giving the number of sharps or flats in the corresponding scale.


lexentry: eng/keyboard__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: keyboard
trans_list: clavier
sense:
(music) A component of many instruments including the piano, organ, and harpsichord consisting of usually black and white keys that cause different tones to be produced when struck.


lexentry: eng/keyboard__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: keyboard
trans_list: clavier électronique | clavier
sense:
(music) A device with keys of a musical keyboard, used to control electronic sound-producing devices which may be built into or separate from the keyboard device.


lexentry: eng/keyboard_instrument__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: keyboard instrument
trans_list: instrument à clavier
sense:
(musical instrument) Any musical instrument which features a keyboard, such as a piano, synthesizer or celesta.


lexentry: eng/keyboard_instrument__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: keyboard instrument
trans_list: instrument à clavier
sense:
(musical instrument) Any musical instrument (a chordophone) that uses a keyboard to manipulate strings which produce sound, including a piano.


lexentry: eng/keyboard_shortcut__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: keyboard shortcut
trans_list: raccourci clavier
sense:
(computing) A key, or more usually a combination of keys, on the keyboard of a personal computer that activates a specific, predefined function.


lexentry: eng/keycard__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: keycard
trans_list: carte clé
sense:
A usually plastic card which stores a digital signature that is used to operate an electronic access control lock.


lexentry: eng/keyframe__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: keyframe
trans_list: image clé
sense:
(computer graphics) A complete video frame, used as a reference for subsequent interframes in video compression.


lexentry: eng/keyhole__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: keyhole
trans_list: trou de la serrure | trou de serrure
sense:
Any small opening resembling the hole for a key in shape or function; especially, one that gives a vista of, or access to, a space beyond.


lexentry: eng/keynote__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: keynote
trans_list: argument
sense:
A speech that sets the main theme of a conference or other gathering; a keynote speech or keynote address.


lexentry: eng/keystroke__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: keystroke
trans_list: frappe d'une touche
sense:
The act of pressing an input key; a keypress on a computer keyboard or a typewriter, or a similar input device.


lexentry: eng/keywork__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: keywork
trans_list: clétage
sense:
(music) Collectively, the mechanisms of a woodwind musical instrument such as a flute or clarinet that support the operation of its keys.


lexentry: eng/khagan__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: khagan
trans_list: grand khan | khagan
sense:
A khan of khans, a ruler of a khaganate; (the holder of) an imperial rank used among certain Turkic and Mongolian peoples, equal in status to an emperor.


lexentry: eng/khamsin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: khamsin
trans_list: chamsin
sense:
A hot, dry wind, common in Egypt, Sudan and the Levant towards the end of March and April, which blows (for about 50 days each year) from the desert, bringing with it hot weather and sand / sandstorms.


lexentry: eng/khat__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: khat
trans_list: khat | qat
sense:
A shrub, Catha edulis, whose leaves are used as a mild stimulant when chewed or brewed as tea; also a drug produced from this plant.


lexentry: eng/khedive__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: khedive
trans_list: khédive
sense:
The title of the hereditary monarch of Egypt from 1805–1914, nominally ruling as a viceroy of the Sultan of Turkey.


lexentry: eng/khorovod__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: khorovod
trans_list: khorovod | ronde
sense:
a Slavic art form, a combination of a circle dance and chorus singing, similar to chorea of ancient Greece, also in Romania (horă)


lexentry: eng/kibbutz__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kibbutz
trans_list: kibboutz
sense:
A community, usually an agricultural one in Israel, based on a high level of social and economical sharing, equality, direct democracy and tight social relations.


lexentry: eng/kibitz__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: kibitz
trans_list: babiller
sense:
(intransitive) To give unsolicited or unwanted advice or make unhelpful or idle comments, especially to someone playing a game.


lexentry: eng/kick-off__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: kick-off
trans_list: lancement
sense:
(music) The opening sequence of notes in a song, usually played by the song's main instrument, to indicate the beginning of the song.


lexentry: eng/kick_into_touch__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kick into touch
trans_list: botter en touche
sense:
(UK, sports) To kick a ball over the touchline in a game of rugby, often to avoid pressure from the opponent team in a difficult situation, to end injury time or to gain territory.


lexentry: eng/kick_off__Verb__1
sense_num: 08
written_rep: kick off
trans_list: barder | craquer | dégénérer
sense:
(intransitive, UK, idiomatic, colloquial) To be overcome with anger, to start an argument or a fight.


lexentry: eng/kick_start__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: kick start
trans_list: relancer
sense:
(transitive, figurative) To make (something) active, functional, or productive again; to reinvigorate (an activity, system, or process).


lexentry: eng/kick_wheel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kick wheel
trans_list: tour de potier
sense:
(ceramics) A wheel or disc used to throw pots, turned by kicking or pushing a heavy stone or concrete base with the foot.


lexentry: eng/kickback__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: kickback
trans_list: rétrocommission
sense:
(countable, informal) A covert, often illegal, payment in return for a favor consisting of providing an opportunity of chargeable transaction; a kind of bribe.


lexentry: eng/kickboxing__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kickboxing
trans_list: kick-boxing
sense:
(martial arts) A hybrid martial art derived from Muay Thai, karate and especially boxing during the 1960s to 1970s; more generally, any stand-up combat sport that combines kicks and punches.


lexentry: eng/kicker__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: kicker
trans_list: blème
sense:
(colloquial) An unexpected situation, detail or circumstance, often unpleasant, serving as a punchline or clincher.


lexentry: eng/kicksled__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kicksled
trans_list: trottinette des neiges
sense:
A type of small sled consisting of a handlebar mounted on a pair of flexible metal runners. The driver stands on the runners and kicks the sled forward with one foot. In front of the handlebar there's often a seat for a passenger.


lexentry: eng/kickstand__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kickstand
trans_list: béquille
sense:
A levered bar that can be folded down from the frame of a bicycle or motorcycle to prop it upright when not being ridden.


lexentry: eng/kidney_dish__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kidney dish
trans_list: rein
sense:
(medicine, surgery) A shallow kidney-shaped basin for holding soiled dressings and other medical waste.


lexentry: eng/kidult__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kidult
trans_list: adulescent
sense:
(informal, marketing, sociology) An adult who participates in youth culture and activities traditionally intended for children.


lexentry: eng/kill_time__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kill time
trans_list: passer le temps | tuer le temps
sense:
(informal, intransitive) To engage in an activity whose only purpose is to make the time seem to pass more quickly; to fill the time between activities.


lexentry: eng/killdeer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: killdeer
trans_list: pluvier kildir
sense:
A North American plover (Charadrius vociferus) with a distinctive cry and territorial behavior that includes feigning injury to attract predators and spare the young in the nest.


lexentry: eng/killer__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: killer
trans_list: fatal | mortel
sense:
(figuratively) That which causes stress or is extremely difficult, especially that which may cause failure at a task.


lexentry: eng/killer__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: killer
trans_list: fatal | mortel
sense:
(figuratively) Something that is so far ahead of its competition that it effectively kills off that competition.


lexentry: eng/kiln__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kiln
trans_list: four | touraille
sense:
An oven or furnace or a heated chamber, for the purpose of hardening, burning, calcining or drying anything; for example, firing ceramics, curing or preserving tobacco, or drying grain.


lexentry: eng/kilo-__Prefix__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kilo-
trans_list: kilo-
sense:
In the International System of Units and other metric systems of units, multiplying the unit to which it is attached by 1,000. Symbol: k


lexentry: eng/kilo__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kilo
trans_list: kilo
sense:
(international standards) Alternative letter-case form of Kilo from the NATO/ICAO Phonetic Alphabet.


lexentry: eng/kilocalorie__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kilocalorie
trans_list: grande calorie | kilocalorie
sense:
A non-SI unit of energy equal to 1,000 calories, used (now rare) in chemistry or physics; equal to 1 calorie as used in nutrition. Symbol kcal.


lexentry: eng/kilogram__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kilogram
trans_list: kilogramme | kilo
sense:
In the International System of Units, the base unit of mass; conceived of as the mass of one litre of water, but now defined by taking the fixed numerical value of the Planck constant h to be 6.626 070 15 × 10-34 when expressed in units of kg⋅m2⋅s−1. Symbol: kg


lexentry: eng/kiloton__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kiloton
trans_list: kilotonne
sense:
A measure of the strength of an explosion or a bomb based on how many thousand tons of TNT would be needed to produce the same energy.


lexentry: eng/kilt__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kilt
trans_list: kilt
sense:
A traditional Scottish garment, usually worn by men, having roughly the same morphology as a wrap-around skirt, with overlapping front aprons and pleated around the sides and back, and usually made of twill-woven worsted wool with a tartan pattern. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/kilt__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: kilt
trans_list: kilt
sense:
A variety of non-bifurcated garments made for men and loosely resembling a Scottish kilt, but most often made from different fabrics and not always with tartan plaid designs.


lexentry: eng/kilter__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kilter
trans_list: condition
sense:
(chiefly in the negative) Chiefly in out of kilter: (good) condition, form, or order; fettle. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/kimberlite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kimberlite
trans_list: kimberlite
sense:
(geology) A variety of peridotite containing a high proportion of carbon dioxide; often contains diamonds.


lexentry: eng/kimchi__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kimchi
trans_list: kimchi
sense:
A Korean dish made of vegetables, such as cabbage or radishes, that are salted, seasoned, and stored in sealed containers to undergo lactic acid fermentation.


lexentry: eng/kimono__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kimono
trans_list: kimono
sense:
A traditional Japanese T-shaped, wrapped-front garment with square sleeves and a rectangular body, now generally worn only on formal occasions.


lexentry: eng/kinase__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kinase
trans_list: kinase
sense:
(enzyme, organic compound) Any of a group of enzymes that transfer phosphate groups from high-energy donor molecules, such as ATP, to specific target molecules (substrates), in a process termed phosphorylation.


lexentry: eng/kindergarten__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kindergarten
trans_list: maternelle | jardin d'enfants | école maternelle
sense:
(North America, Australia) An educational institution for young children, usually between ages 4 and 6; nursery school. [from 1852]


lexentry: eng/kinematics__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kinematics
trans_list: cinématique
sense:
(physics) The branch of mechanics concerned with objects in motion, but not with the forces involved.


lexentry: eng/kinesthesia__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: kinesthesia
trans_list: kinesthésie
sense:
Proprioception or static position sense; the perception of the position and posture of the body; also, more broadly, including the motion of the body as well. See usage notes below.


lexentry: eng/kinetic_energy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kinetic energy
trans_list: énergie cinétique
sense:
(physics) The energy possessed by an object because of its motion, equal (nonrelativistically) to one half the mass of the body times the square of its speed.


lexentry: eng/kinetics__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kinetics
trans_list: cinétique
sense:
(mechanics) The branch of mechanics concerned with motion of objects, as well as the reason i.e. the forces acting on such bodies. This, along with kinematics constitute dynamics, which is concerned purely with the effects of forces on moving bodies.


lexentry: eng/kinetoplastid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kinetoplastid
trans_list: kinétoplastidé
sense:
Any of a group of parasitic flagellate protozoa, of the class Kinetoplastea, responsible for several diseases in humans and animals


lexentry: eng/king__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: king
trans_list: roi
sense:
A male monarch; a man who heads a monarchy. If it is an absolute monarchy, then he is the supreme ruler of his nation.


lexentry: eng/king__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: king
trans_list: roi
sense:
(card games) A playing card with the letter "K" and the image of a king on it, the thirteenth card in a given suit.


lexentry: eng/king__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: king
trans_list: roi
sense:
(chess) The principal chess piece, that players seek to threaten with unavoidable capture to result in a victory by checkmate. It is often the tallest piece, with a symbolic crown with a cross at the top.


lexentry: eng/king__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: king
trans_list: dame
sense:
A checker (a piece of checkers/draughts) that reached the farthest row forward, thus becoming crowned (either by turning it upside-down, or by stacking another checker on it) and gaining more freedom of movement.


lexentry: eng/king_cake__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: king cake
trans_list: galette des rois | couronne des rois | gâteau des rois
sense:
(Louisiana) A decorative cake distributed among friends or visitors on Epiphany. In many traditions it contains a pea, a trinket or some other small object which entitles its finder to be the "king" for one day.


lexentry: eng/king_cobra__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: king cobra
trans_list: cobra royal
sense:
A large venomous snake found in East Asia (Ophiophagus hannah), the longest venomous snake in the world.


lexentry: eng/kingdom__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: kingdom
trans_list: règne | royaume
sense:
(taxonomy) A rank in the classification of organisms, below domain and above phylum; a taxon at that rank (e.g. the plant kingdom, the animal kingdom).


lexentry: eng/kingfisher__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kingfisher
trans_list: martin-pêcheur
sense:
Any of various birds of the suborder Alcedines (or the family Alcedinidae sensu lato), having a large head, short tail and brilliant colouration; they feed mostly on fish.


lexentry: eng/kingpin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kingpin
trans_list: axe
sense:
(transportation) The axis around which steered wheels pivot; a bolt that holds the axis in place—a kingbolt.


lexentry: eng/kingpin__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: kingpin
trans_list: axe
sense:
(transportation) The pivot or connector between a tractor and trailer in the fifth-wheel coupling of semi-trailer truck.


lexentry: eng/kingpin__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: kingpin
trans_list: axe
sense:
(ten-pin, _, bowling) The pin at the centre of the triangle of bowling pins (originally the tallest pin in kayles). Sometimes also the headpin at the apex.


lexentry: eng/kinkajou__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kinkajou
trans_list: kinkajou
sense:
Potos flavus, a carnivorous mammal of Central America and South America with a long, prehensile tail, related to the raccoon.


lexentry: eng/kinky__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: kinky
trans_list: pervers
sense:
(informal) Marked by unconventional sexual preferences or behavior, as fetishism, sadomasochism, and other sexual practices.


lexentry: eng/kintsugi__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kintsugi
trans_list: kintsugi | kintsukuroi
sense:
The Japanese art of repairing broken pottery with lacquer dusted or mixed with powdered gold or similar material, highlighting the cracks instead of disguising them.


lexentry: eng/kiosk__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kiosk
trans_list: kiosque
sense:
A small enclosed structure, often freestanding, open on one side or with a window, used as a booth to sell newspapers, cigarettes, etc.


lexentry: eng/kip__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kip
trans_list: glandouiller
sense:
(informal, chiefly, UK) To sleep; often with the connotation of a temporary or charitable situation, or one borne out of necessity.


lexentry: eng/kirpan__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kirpan
trans_list: kirpan
sense:
(Sikhism) A ceremonial sword that must be worn at all times by baptized Sikhs, and one of the five Ks.


lexentry: eng/kisel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kisel
trans_list: kissel
sense:
A dessert (sometimes consumed as a drink) made from fruit or berry juice and thickened with starch, common in Slavic and Baltic countries as well as Finland.


lexentry: eng/kiss__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kiss
trans_list: embrasser | baiser
sense:
(transitive) To touch with the lips or press the lips against, usually to show love or affection or passion, or as part of a greeting.


lexentry: eng/kiss__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: kiss
trans_list: embrasser | baiser
sense:
(intransitive) Of two or more people, to touch each other's lips together, usually to express love or affection or passion.


lexentry: eng/kiss_ass__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kiss ass
trans_list: lécher le cul | lécher les bottes
sense:
(US, idiomatic, vulgar, colloquial) to flatter or perform favors excessively, especially to receive preferential treatment from a boss or other superior; to behave obsequiously.


lexentry: eng/kiss_me__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kiss me
trans_list: embrasse-moi
sense:
I informally request that you kiss me—that you touch my lips with your lips or press the lips against, as an expression of love or affection.


lexentry: eng/kiss_my_ass__Interjection__1
sense_num: 01
sense: (vulgar, idiomatic) Go away!; an expression of disdain or dismissal.
written_rep: kiss my ass
trans_list:
aller chier | aller se faire cuire un œuf | aller se faire enculer | aller se faire foutre | aller se faire voir chez les Grecs | cul


lexentry: eng/kiss_of_peace__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kiss of peace
trans_list: baiser de paix
sense:
(Christianity) An early Christian greeting consisting of a kiss, originally on the mouth but later on the cheek, still used in some traditional churches.


lexentry: eng/kitchen_cabinet__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kitchen cabinet
trans_list: Kitchen Cabinet
sense:
(informal) An informal group of advisors to a country's chief executive, as distinguished from the official cabinet.


lexentry: eng/kitchen_paper__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kitchen paper
trans_list: essuie-tout
sense:
(UK) Paper towels intended for kitchen purposes such as absorbing spillages and wrapping sandwiches.


lexentry: eng/kitchen_sink__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: kitchen sink
trans_list: bric-à-brac | fourre-tout | n'importe quoi | pot-pourri | tout-venant
sense:
(figurative) A miscellany or a miscellaneous item; an item exemplifying an indiscriminate profusion.


lexentry: eng/kitchenware__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kitchenware
trans_list: ustensiles de cuisine
sense:
Instruments and utensils found in a kitchen, particularly those associated with the preparation and serving of food.


lexentry: eng/kite__Noun__1
sense_num: 09
written_rep: kite
trans_list: cerf-volant
sense:
(geometry) A polygon resembling the shape of a traditional toy kite (sense 3): a quadrilateral having two pairs of edges of equal length, the edges of each pair touching each other at one end.


lexentry: eng/kite__Noun__1
sense_num: 11
written_rep: kite
trans_list: cerf-volant
sense:
(sailing, dated) In a square-rigged ship: originally a sail positioned above a topsail; later a lightweight sail set above the topgallants, such as a studding sail or a jib topsail.


lexentry: eng/kitsch__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kitsch
trans_list: kitsch | kitch
sense:
Art, decorative objects, and other forms of representation of questionable artistic or aesthetic value; a representation that is excessively sentimental, overdone, or vulgar.


lexentry: eng/kitsune__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kitsune
trans_list: kitsune | kitsuné
sense:
(Japanese mythology) A Japanese fox spirit, often but not exclusively female, said to have powers such as shape-shifting, and whose power is symbolized by increase in number of tails.


lexentry: eng/kittiwake__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kittiwake
trans_list: mouette tridactyle
sense:
Either of two small gulls in the genus Rissa of the family Laridae that nest in colonies on sea cliffs and spend the winter on the open ocean.


lexentry: eng/kiviak__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kiviak
trans_list: kiviak
sense:
In Greenland, traditional food made from fermented raw auk flesh stuffed inside a hollowed-out seal's body.


lexentry: eng/kiwi_fruit__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kiwi fruit
trans_list: kiwi
sense:
A Chinese gooseberry vine fruit, having a hairy brown skin and dark green (or in the case of the kiwi fruit gold, yellow) flesh with fine black seeds, almost always varieties of Actinidia deliciosa.


lexentry: eng/klepht__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: klepht
trans_list: voleur
sense:
(historical) An anti-Ottoman insurgent living in the mountains when Greece was a part of the Ottoman Empire.


lexentry: eng/kleptomania__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kleptomania
trans_list: kleptomanie | cleptomanie
sense:
(psychology) A psychological disorder that causes an uncontrollable obsession with stealing without economic or material need.


lexentry: eng/klipspringer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: klipspringer
trans_list: oréotrague | sassa
sense:
A small antelope native to eastern and southern Africa having a dense, brown, speckled coat (Oreotragus oreotragus).


lexentry: eng/kliros__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kliros
trans_list: kliros
sense:
(Christianity) The section of an Eastern Orthodox or Eastern Catholic church dedicated to the choir.


lexentry: eng/kludge__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: kludge
trans_list: expédient
sense:
(informal) Any construction or practice, typically crude yet effective, designed to solve a problem temporarily or expediently.


lexentry: eng/knacker's_yard__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: knacker's yard
trans_list: équarrissoir
sense:
The area of a slaughterhouse where carcasses unfit for human consumption or other purposes are rendered down to produce useful materials such as glue.


lexentry: eng/knackwurst__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: knackwurst
trans_list: knack
sense:
A highly seasoned scalded sausage made from beef, pork, and fatty tissue similar to a frankfurter, but shorter and thicker.


lexentry: eng/knead__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: knead
trans_list: pétrir
sense:
(transitive) To work and press into a mass, usually with the hands; especially, to work, as by repeated pressure with the knuckles, into a well mixed mass, the materials of bread, cake, etc.


lexentry: eng/kneaded_eraser__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kneaded eraser
trans_list: gomme mie de pain | gomme à fusain
sense:
A tool made from pliable material resembling putty or chewing gum used to absorb graphite or charcoal.


lexentry: eng/knee-high__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: knee-high
trans_list: mi-bas | demi-bas
sense:
(US, usually, in the plural) A sock or stocking that reaches to the knees; chiefly, women's nylon stockings that end slightly above the knee and supported by garter belts.


lexentry: eng/knee__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: knee
trans_list: genou
sense:
In humans, the joint or the region of the joint in the middle part of the leg between the thigh and the shank.


lexentry: eng/knife__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: knife
trans_list: couteau
sense:
A utensil or a tool designed for cutting, consisting of a flat piece of hard material, usually steel or other metal (the blade), usually sharpened on one edge, attached to a handle. The blade may be pointed for piercing.


lexentry: eng/knife__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: knife
trans_list: couteau
sense:
A weapon designed with the aforementioned specifications intended for slashing and/or stabbing and too short to be called a sword. A dagger.


lexentry: eng/knife__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: knife
trans_list: frapper d'un coup de couteau
sense:
(transitive) To use a knife to injure or kill by stabbing, slashing, or otherwise using the sharp edge of the knife as a weapon.


lexentry: eng/knife_pleat__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: knife pleat
trans_list: pli couché | pli plat
sense:
(sewing) A type of sharply pressed pleating, especially in a skirt or kilt, in which all of the folds are turned in one direction, with each pleat being three layers of fabric thick.


lexentry: eng/knife_rest__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: knife rest
trans_list: porte-couteau
sense:
A piece of kitchenware for temporarily resting a knife on while it is not in use, and without touching the table.


lexentry: eng/knight-errant__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: knight-errant
trans_list: chevalier errant
sense:
A knight in a medieval romance who wanders in search of adventure and opportunities to prove his chivalry.


lexentry: eng/knight__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: knight
trans_list: cavalier
sense:
(chess) A chess piece, often in the shape of a horse's head, that is moved two squares in one direction and one at right angles to that direction in a single move, leaping over any intervening pieces.


lexentry: eng/knight_banneret__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: knight banneret
trans_list: baneret | banneret
sense:
(law, historical) A knight entitled to subinfeudate his estate and to lead troops under his own banner.


lexentry: eng/knit__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: knit
trans_list: tricoter
sense:
(ambitransitive) To turn thread or yarn into a piece of fabric by forming loops that are pulled through each other. This can be done by hand with needles or by machine.


lexentry: eng/knobhead__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: knobhead
trans_list: tête de nœud
sense:
(Britain, Ireland, Commonwealth, derogatory, vulgar, slang) A fool; an idiot; a contemptible person.


lexentry: eng/knock_about__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: knock about
trans_list: maltraiter
sense:
(transitive) To hit (someone or something) all over repeatedly; hence, to behave violently towards or mistreat (someone or something).


lexentry: eng/knock_down__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: knock down
trans_list: renverser
sense:
(transitive) To hit or knock (something or someone), intentionally or accidentally, so that it falls.


lexentry: eng/knock_it_off__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: knock it off
trans_list: arrêter
sense:
(colloquial, mostly, imperative, idiom) To cease doing something, particulary annoying or unpleasant; to desist.


lexentry: eng/knock_on_wood__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: knock on wood
trans_list: toucher du bois
sense:
(idiomatic, US) To take a customary action to ward off some misfortune that is believed to be attracted by a presumptuous statement.


lexentry: eng/knock_up__Verb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: knock up
trans_list: encloquer
sense:
(dated, intransitive) To become exhausted or worn out; to fail of strength; to become wearied, as with labor; to give out. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/knock_up__Verb__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: knock up
trans_list: encloquer
sense:
(slang, principally American) To impregnate, especially out of wedlock. See knocked up. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/knockoff__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: knockoff
trans_list: faux | imitation
sense:
An imitation of something, particularly a well-known product, usually lower in quality and price than the original.


lexentry: eng/knockout__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: knockout
trans_list: knock-out
sense:
The act of making one unconscious, or at least unable to come back on one's feet within a certain period of time; a TKO.


lexentry: eng/knot__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: knot
trans_list: nœud
sense:
A looping of a piece of string or of any other long, flexible material that cannot be untangled without passing one or both ends of the material through its loops.


lexentry: eng/knot__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: knot
trans_list: nœud
sense:
(mathematics) A non-self-intersecting closed curve in (e.g., three-dimensional) space that is an abstraction of a knot (in sense 1 above).


lexentry: eng/knot__Noun__1
sense_num: 18
written_rep: knot
trans_list: nœud
sense:
(aviation) A unit of indicated airspeed, calibrated airspeed, or equivalent airspeed, which varies in its relation to the unit of speed so as to compensate for the effects of different ambient atmospheric conditions on aircraft performance.


lexentry: eng/knothole__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: knothole
trans_list: trou de nœud
sense:
In a piece of lumber, a void left by a knot in the wood; such holes are often convenient for peering through when they occur in fences.


lexentry: eng/knout__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: knout
trans_list: knout
sense:
A leather scourge (multi-tail whip), in the severe version known as 'great knout' with metal weights on each tongue, notoriously used in imperial Russia.


lexentry: eng/know-it-all__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: know-it-all
trans_list: je-sais-tout | toutologue | ti-Jo Connaissant
sense:
(chiefly, US, pejorative) Someone who claims to be knowledgeable or an expert in something, obnoxiously dismissing the opinions, advice, suggestions, etc. of others.


lexentry: eng/know__Verb__1
sense_num: 13
written_rep: know
trans_list: savoir | connaître | connaitre
sense:
(transitive, philosophy) To maintain (a belief, a position) subject to a given philosophical definition of knowledge; to hold a justified true belief.


lexentry: eng/knowledge__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: knowledge
trans_list: connaissance | science
sense:
The fact of knowing about something; general understanding or familiarity with a subject, place, situation etc. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/knowledge__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: knowledge
trans_list: connaissance
sense:
Awareness of a particular fact or situation; a state of having been informed or made aware of something. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/knowledge_is_power__Proverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: knowledge is power
trans_list: savoir, c'est pouvoir
sense:
Scientia potentia est; with knowledge and/or education, one's potential or ability to succeed in the pursuit of one's objectives will certainly increase.


lexentry: eng/knuckleball__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: knuckleball
trans_list: balle-papillon
sense:
(baseball) A pitch thrown with the ball gripped on the fingertips and released with no rotation, which travels over an unpredictable path to the plate due to micro-turbulence in the air.


lexentry: eng/koala__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: koala
trans_list: koala
sense:
A tree-dwelling marsupial, Phascolarctos cinereus, that resembles a small bear with a broad head, large ears and sharp claws, mainly found in eastern Australia.


lexentry: eng/koan__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: koan
trans_list: aporie
sense:
A riddle with no solution, used to provoke reflection on the inadequacy of logical reasoning, and to lead to enlightenment.


lexentry: eng/kobza__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kobza
trans_list: kobza
sense:
(musical instruments) A lute-like stringed instrument traditionally made from a single block of wood, with a medium-length neck, originating in Ukrainian folk music.


lexentry: eng/kofta__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kofta
trans_list: kafta
sense:
Any of various spicy meatball or meatloaf dishes of the Middle East, Caucasus, South Asia, and the Balkans.


lexentry: eng/kogel_mogel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kogel mogel
trans_list: gogli | gogli-mogli
sense:
An egg-based homemade dessert made from egg yolks, sugar, and flavourings such as honey, vanilla, cocoa or rum, similar to eggnog, popular in Central and Eastern Europe, as well as in Caucasus.


lexentry: eng/kohl__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kohl
trans_list: khôl
sense:
A dark powder, usually powdered antimony, used as eye makeup, especially in Eastern countries; stibnite.


lexentry: eng/koi__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: koi
trans_list: koï
sense:
Ornamental domesticated varieties of the Amur carp (Cyprinus rubrofuscus), of Japan and eastern Asia with red-gold or white coloring.


lexentry: eng/kola_nut__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kola nut
trans_list: cola
sense:
The edible seed of the kola tree, Cola acuminata and related species, used as a flavoring and as a source of caffeine.


lexentry: eng/kolovrat__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kolovrat
trans_list: treuil
sense:
(neopaganism, politics, fascism, nationalism) An eight-spoked swastika used by Slavic neopagan, fascist, and nationalist groups.


lexentry: eng/komboskini__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: komboskini
trans_list: tchotki
sense:
(Christianity) A rope of usually 33, 50 or 100 knots, used in meditative prayer in the Eastern Orthodox and Eastern Catholic tradition, to count one's recitations of the Jesus Prayer.


lexentry: eng/kompromat__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kompromat
trans_list: kompromat
sense:
Compromising material, blackmail material, (real or fabricated) evidence that a person does not want revealed, dirt.


lexentry: eng/konjac__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: konjac
trans_list: cognac
sense:
Any of various food products made from the plant, including a flour and a gelatin, used to make noodles and candies, and as a food supplement for weight reduction.


lexentry: eng/kore__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kore
trans_list: coré
sense:
(arts, sculpture) An Ancient Greek statue of a woman, portrayed standing, usually clothed, painted in bright colours and having an elaborate hairstyle.


lexentry: eng/korfball__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: korfball
trans_list: korfball
sense:
(uncountable) A non-contact unisex team sport originating from the Netherlands, similar to netball, where players attempt to throw a ball into a basket atop a pole.


lexentry: eng/koto__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: koto
trans_list: koto
sense:
(musical instrument) A Japanese stringed instrument having numerous strings, usually seven or thirteen, that are stretched over a convex wooden sounding board and are plucked with three plectra, worn on the thumb, index finger, and middle finger of one hand.


lexentry: eng/kowari__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kowari
trans_list: kowari
sense:
A small carnivorous rat-like marsupial, Dasyuroides byrnei, endemic to the dry grasslands and deserts of central Australia. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/krill__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: krill
trans_list: krill
sense:
any of several small marine crustacean species of plankton in the order Euphausiacea in the class Malacostraca.


lexentry: eng/kroepoek__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kroepoek
trans_list: chips de crevettes
sense:
An Indonesian (Javanese) shrimp cracker, made from tapioca flour, salt, ground shrimps and various spices.


lexentry: eng/krone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: krone
trans_list: couronne
sense:
The currency of Iceland, Denmark (including Greenland and the Faroe Islands) and Norway, divided into 100 øre, except in Iceland where 1 króna = 100 aurar.


lexentry: eng/kroužek__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kroužek
trans_list: cercle
sense:
A ring-shaped diacritical mark (˚), whose use is largely restricted to Å, å and Ů, ů, and whereon it represents an etymological ‘o’.


lexentry: eng/krupuk__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: krupuk
trans_list: chips de crevettes
sense:
An Indonesian (Javanese) cracker, made from tapioca flour, salt, ground shrimps and various traditional spices.


lexentry: eng/krypton__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: krypton
trans_list: krypton
sense:
The chemical element (symbol Kr) with an atomic number of 36. It is a colourless, odourless noble gas that only reacts with fluorine. It is one of the rarest gases in the Earth's atmosphere.


lexentry: eng/kshatriya__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kshatriya
trans_list: kshatriya
sense:
A member of the second-highest of the four castes or varnas in traditional Hindu society: the warrior or military caste.


lexentry: eng/kuduro__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kuduro
trans_list: kuduro
sense:
An energetic, danceable style of music originating in Angola, combining local styles like semba with influences from Caribbean music, especially zouk and soca.


lexentry: eng/kulak__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kulak
trans_list: koulak
sense:
(historical) A prosperous peasant in the Russian Empire or the Soviet Union, who owned land and could hire workers.


lexentry: eng/kumari__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kumari
trans_list: déesse
sense:
(Hinduism, chiefly, _, Nepal) A living goddess; a prepubescent girl worshipped as a manifestation of divine female energy.


lexentry: eng/kumquat__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kumquat
trans_list: kumquat
sense:
A small, orange citrus-like fruit which is native to Asia (Citrus japonica, syn. Fortunella japonica).


lexentry: eng/kunai__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kunai
trans_list: kunaï
sense:
A Japanese tool and weapon, possibly derived from the masonry trowel, used as a weapon by ninja or samurai.


lexentry: eng/kurta__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kurta
trans_list: kurta
sense:
A traditional article of clothing worn in Afghanistan, Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka, consisting of a loose, collarless, long-sleeved, knee-length shirt worn by both men and women.


lexentry: eng/kurtosis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kurtosis
trans_list: coefficient d'aplatissement | kurtosis
sense:
(statistics) A measure of "heaviness of the tails" of a probability distribution, defined as the fourth cumulant divided by the square of the variance of the probability distribution.


lexentry: eng/kuru__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kuru
trans_list: kuru
sense:
A chronic, progressive, fatal central nervous system disease found mainly among the Fore and neighboring peoples of New Guinea, caused by a prion that probably resembles the scrapie agent of sheep, transmissible to nonhuman primates, and believed to be transmitted by ritual cannibalism.


lexentry: eng/kwashiorkor__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kwashiorkor
trans_list: kwashiorkor
sense:
(pathology) A form of malnutrition, found in children, caused by dietary insufficiency of protein in combination with a high-carbohydrate diet.


lexentry: eng/kwassa_kwassa__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kwassa kwassa
trans_list: kwasa kwasa
sense:
A dance rhythm from the Congo (DRC), where the hips move back and forth while the hands move to follow the hips.


lexentry: eng/kype__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kype
trans_list: croc
sense:
The hook that develops in the lower jaw of an adult male of most salmonid species when it is ready to spawn.


lexentry: eng/kyriarchy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kyriarchy
trans_list: kyriarchie
sense:
A system of ruling and oppression in which many people may interact and act as oppressor or oppressed. [from 1992]


lexentry: eng/kyrie__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: kyrie
trans_list: kyrie | kyrie eleison
sense:
(Christianity) A short prayer or petition including the phrase kyrie eleison, meaning “Lord, have mercy”.


lexentry: eng/l'esprit_de_l'escalier__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: l'esprit de l'escalier
trans_list: esprit d'escalier | esprit de l'escalier
sense:
The phenomenon when a conversational rejoinder or remark only occurs to someone after the opportunity to make it has passed.


lexentry: eng/label__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: label
trans_list: étiquette
sense:
A small ticket or sign giving information about something to which it is attached or intended to be attached.


lexentry: eng/label__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: label
trans_list: étiqueter
sense:
(ditransitive) To give a label to (someone or something) in order to categorise that person or thing.


lexentry: eng/labia_majora__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: labia majora
trans_list: grandes lèvres | lèvres externes
sense:
(anatomy) The two outer rounded folds of adipose tissue that lie on either side of the opening of the vagina.


lexentry: eng/labialization__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: labialization
trans_list: labialisation
sense:
(phonology) A secondary articulatory feature of usually consonants that involves the contraction or rounding of the lips (labia) during pronunciation.


lexentry: eng/labium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: labium
trans_list: lèvre | lèvre de la vulve
sense:
(anatomy, usually, in the plural) A liplike structure; especially one of the two pairs of folds of skin on either side of the vulva.


lexentry: eng/labneh__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: labneh
trans_list: labné
sense:
Yogurt that has been strained to filter or remove the whey and thus has a consistency between that of yoghurt and cheese.


lexentry: eng/labor_market__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: labor market
trans_list: marché du travail | marché de l'emploi
sense:
(economics) The market consisting of the supply of unemployed workers in relation to the demand for them.


lexentry: eng/labour__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: labour
trans_list: travail | labeur | besogne | effort | ouvriers | travailleurs
sense:
(uncountable) Workers in general; the working class, the workforce; sometimes specifically the labour movement, organised labour.


lexentry: eng/labour_force__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: labour force
trans_list: main-d'œuvre
sense:
The collective group of people who are available for employment, whether currently employed or unemployed (though sometimes only those unemployed people who are seeking work are included).


lexentry: eng/labyrinth__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: labyrinth
trans_list: labyrinthe
sense:
(anatomy) A complex structure in the inner ear which contains the organs of hearing and balance. It consists of bony cavities (the bony labyrinth) filled with fluid and lined with sensitive membranes (the membranous labyrinth).


lexentry: eng/lac__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lac
trans_list: laque
sense:
A resinous substance or lacquer produced mainly on the banyan tree by the female of Kerria lacca, a scale insect.


lexentry: eng/lace__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lace
trans_list: dentelle
sense:
(uncountable) A light fabric containing patterns of holes, usually built up from a single thread. Wp


lexentry: eng/laches__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: laches
trans_list: incurie
sense:
(legal) An unreasonable delay in bringing a claim alleging a wrong, which means the person who waited shall not be permitted to seek an equitable remedy because the delay prejudiced the moving party.


lexentry: eng/lachrymatory__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lachrymatory
trans_list: lacrymatoire
sense:
(archaeology) A vase supposedly intended to hold tears; formerly used by archaeologists to designate certain urns found in Roman burials.


lexentry: eng/lack_of_sleep__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lack of sleep
trans_list: manque de sommeil
sense:
The condition of not having slept enough at any given time without any specification of cause. (This entry is a translation hub.)


lexentry: eng/lackluster__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: lackluster
trans_list: quelconque
sense:
(figurative) Not exceptional; not worthy of special merit, attention, or interest; having no vitality.


lexentry: eng/lacquer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lacquer
trans_list: laque
sense:
A glossy, resinous material used as a surface coating; either a natural exudation of certain trees, or a solution of nitrocellulose in alcohol, etc.


lexentry: eng/lacrimal_caruncle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lacrimal caruncle
trans_list: caroncule lacrymale
sense:
(anatomy) A small globular nodule at the inner corner of the eye that covers sebaceous and sudoriferous glands.


lexentry: eng/lacrimal_gland__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lacrimal gland
trans_list: glande lacrymale
sense:
(anatomy, ophthalmology) Either of a pair of almond-shaped glands, one for each eye, that secrete the aqueous layer of the tear film.


lexentry: eng/lacrimal_sac__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lacrimal sac
trans_list: sac lacrimal
sense:
(anatomy, ophthalmology) The upper dilated end of the nasolacrimal duct that is situated in a groove formed by the lacrimal bone and the frontal process of the maxilla and receives the lacrimal canaliculi.


lexentry: eng/lacrosse__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lacrosse
trans_list: crosse | lacrosse
sense:
(sports) A sport played on a field between two opposing teams using sticks (crosses) and a ball, whereby one team defeats the other by scoring more goals within the allotted time.


lexentry: eng/lactam__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lactam
trans_list: lactame
sense:
(organic chemistry) Any of a class of cyclic amides that are the nitrogen analogs of lactones, formed by heating amino acids; the tautomeric enol forms are known as lactims.


lexentry: eng/lactase__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lactase
trans_list: lactase
sense:
(enzyme, organic compound) A β-galactosidase enzyme that is involved in the hydrolysis of the disaccharide lactose into constituent galactose and glucose monomers.


lexentry: eng/lactic_acid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lactic acid
trans_list: acide lactique
sense:
(carboxylic acid) 2-hydroxy-propanoic acid (CH3.CHOH.CO2H), a syrupy liquid, soluble in water; found in milk, wine and many fruits; used as a food additive and in many industrial applications.


lexentry: eng/lactose__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lactose
trans_list: lactose
sense:
(carbohydrate) The disaccharide sugar of milk and dairy products, C12H22O11, a product of glucose and galactose used as a food and in medicinal compounds.


lexentry: eng/lactulose__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lactulose
trans_list: lactulose
sense:
(organic compound, pharmaceutical drug) A synthetic disaccharide C12H22O11 consisting of galactose and fructose units, used as a laxative for chronic constipation and as an acidifier to reduce blood ammonia levels causing neurological symptoms in advanced liver disease. It is used in solution for oral or rectal administration.


lexentry: eng/lacuna__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: lacuna
trans_list: lacune
sense:
An absent part, especially in a book or other piece of writing, often referring to an ancient manuscript or similar.


lexentry: eng/ladder__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ladder
trans_list: échelle
sense:
A frame, usually portable, of wood, metal, or rope, used for ascent and descent, consisting of two side pieces to which are fastened rungs (cross strips or rounds acting as steps).


lexentry: eng/ladder__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: ladder
trans_list: échelle
sense:
In the game of go, a sequence of moves following a zigzag pattern and ultimately leading to the capture of the attacked stones.


lexentry: eng/ladette__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ladette
trans_list: garçon manqué | garçonne
sense:
(informal) A young woman who behaves in a laddish manner, namely being boisterous and loud and drinking to excess.


lexentry: eng/ladies'_room__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ladies' room
trans_list: toilettes femmes
sense:
(historical) A waiting room in a railway station or other public building intended exclusively for women and usually including a separate women's lavatory.


lexentry: eng/lady's_slipper__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lady's slipper
trans_list: sabot de Vénus
sense:
Any orchid of the subfamily Cypripedioideae, distinguished by their slipper-shaped pouches which trap insects to improve pollination rates.


lexentry: eng/lady's_thumb__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lady's thumb
trans_list: renouée persicaire
sense:
A perennial plant of the knotweed family, native to Eurasia but introduced to many other regions, Persicaria maculosa.


lexentry: eng/lady-in-waiting__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lady-in-waiting
trans_list: dame d'honneur | dame d'attendre | dame de compagnie | suivante
sense:
A lady, often a noblewoman, in the household of a queen, princess, or other woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant, generally a role considered an honour.


lexentry: eng/lady__Noun__1
sense_num: 11
written_rep: lady
trans_list: dame | madame
sense:
A woman to whom the particular homage of a knight was paid; a woman to whom one is devoted or bound.


lexentry: eng/ladybird__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ladybird
trans_list: coccinelle
sense:
Any of the Coccinellidae family of beetles, typically having a round shape and red or yellow spotted elytra.


lexentry: eng/lagniappe__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lagniappe
trans_list: hommage
sense:
(chiefly, Louisiana, Mississippi, Trinidad and Tobago) An extra or unexpected gift or benefit, such as that given to customers when they purchase something.


lexentry: eng/lahmacun__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lahmacun
trans_list: lahmajoun
sense:
A dish of Arab origin consisting of a round, thin piece of dough topped with minced meat (most commonly beef and lamb).


lexentry: eng/lair__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: lair
trans_list: antre
sense:
(figuratively) A place inhabited by a criminal or criminals, a superhero or a supervillain; a refuge, retreat, haven or hideaway.


lexentry: eng/lake__Noun__4
sense_num: 02
written_rep: lake
trans_list: laque
sense:
In the composition of colors for use in products intended for human consumption, made by extending on a substratum of alumina, a salt prepared from one of the certified water-soluble straight colors.


lexentry: eng/lamassu__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lamassu
trans_list: lamassu
sense:
An Assyrian protective deity, often depicted as having the head of a human, the body of an ox or lion, and the wings of a bird.


lexentry: eng/lamb's_ears__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: lamb's ears
trans_list: oreille d'ours | épiaire laineuse
sense:
Stachys byzantina, an ornamental low-growing perennial related to betony with soft, silky hairs on the leaves which give it an attractive silvery-gray color.


lexentry: eng/lambada__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lambada
trans_list: lambada
sense:
(preceded by definite article) A fast-paced, erotic Brazilian dance in which couples dance with their stomachs touching.


lexentry: eng/lambda__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lambda
trans_list: lambda
sense:
The eleventh letter of the Classical and Modern Greek alphabet, the twelfth of the Old Greek alphabet.


lexentry: eng/lambda_function__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lambda function
trans_list: fonction anonyme | fonction lambda
sense:
(programming) An anonymous function; a function that is defined in an inline, ad-hoc manner, and often doesn't have a name (not bound to an identifier).


lexentry: eng/lambdacism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lambdacism
trans_list: lambdacisme
sense:
(phonology) A pronunciation shift whereby /l/ or other closely related phonemes are substituted for other sounds (typically /r/), as Sally for Sarah or Molly for Mary.


lexentry: eng/lambskin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lambskin
trans_list: agneau
sense:
The skin of a very young sheep, especially prepared with the fleece still attached. A very fine form of leather.


lexentry: eng/lame_duck__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: lame duck
trans_list: canard boiteux
sense:
(US, politics) An elected official who has lost the recent election or is not eligible for reelection and is marking time until leaving office.


lexentry: eng/lamed__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lamed
trans_list: lamed | lamedh | lamèd
sense:
The twelfth letter of many Semitic alphabets/abjads (Phoenician, Aramaic, Hebrew, Syriac, Arabic and others).


lexentry: eng/lamia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lamia
trans_list: lamie
sense:
(Greek mythology) A monster preying upon human beings, who sucked the blood of children, often described as having the head and breasts of a woman and the lower half of a serpent.


lexentry: eng/laminate_flooring__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: laminate flooring
trans_list: laminé | revêtement de sols stratifiés | sol stratifié
sense:
Multi-layer synthetic flooring product fused together with a lamination process and simulating wood.


lexentry: eng/lampblack__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lampblack
trans_list: noir de fumée
sense:
An amorphous form of carbon made from incompletely burned organic matter; used to make pigments and inks.


lexentry: eng/lampoon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lampoon
trans_list: pasquin | libelle
sense:
A written attack or other work ridiculing a person, group, or institution; especially, a satirical one.


lexentry: eng/lamprey__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lamprey
trans_list: lamproie
sense:
Any long slender primitive eel-like freshwater and saltwater fish of the order Petromyzontiformes, having a sucking mouth with rasping teeth but no jaw.


lexentry: eng/lampshade__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lampshade
trans_list: abat-jour
sense:
A cover over a lamp to either diffuse the light or to block it in certain directions to avoid glare in the eyes.


lexentry: eng/lance__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lance
trans_list: lance
sense:
A weapon of war, consisting of a long shaft or handle and a steel blade or head; a spear carried by horsemen.


lexentry: eng/lance__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: lance
trans_list: lance
sense:
A wooden spear, sometimes hollow, used in jousting or tilting, designed to shatter on impact with the opposing knight’s armour.


lexentry: eng/lance_corporal__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lance corporal
trans_list: caporal postiche | caporal suppléant | soldat de première classe
sense:
(US) An enlisted rank of grade E-3 in the United States Marine Corps, ranking above private first class and below corporal. Abbreviated as LCpl.


lexentry: eng/lanceolate__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lanceolate
trans_list: lancéolé
sense:
(botany, mycology) Having the general shape of a lance; much longer than wide, with the widest part lower than the middle and a pointed apex.


lexentry: eng/land__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: land
trans_list: terre | terrain
sense:
Real estate or landed property; a partitioned and measurable area which is owned and acquired and on which buildings and structures can be built and erected.


lexentry: eng/land__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: land
trans_list: terre
sense:
(agriculture) The ground left unploughed between furrows; any of several portions into which a field is divided for ploughing.


lexentry: eng/land_bridge__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: land bridge
trans_list: pont terrestre
sense:
(biogeography) An isthmus or other land connection between what at other times are separate land masses.


lexentry: eng/landgrave__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: landgrave
trans_list: landgrave
sense:
County nobleman in the British, privately held North American colony Carolina, ranking just below the proprietary (chartered equivalent of a royal vassal).


lexentry: eng/landing_craft__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: landing craft
trans_list: chaland de débarquement
sense:
(nautical, military) A type of flat-bottomed boat used to transport infantry and vehicles onto a shore during an assault from the sea.


lexentry: eng/landing_gear__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: landing gear
trans_list: train d'atterrissage
sense:
(uncountable, countable, aviation) The wheels, tyres, brakes, shock absorbers etc of an aircraft; its undercarriage.


lexentry: eng/landing_net__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: landing net
trans_list: épuisette
sense:
(fishing) A fishnet mounted on a ring which is connected to a handle, used by anglers to secure a catch when pulling it out of the water by the line to which it is hooked.


lexentry: eng/landing_page__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: landing page
trans_list: atterripage
sense:
(web design, marketing) A web page at which a user first arrives at a website, now especially one optimized for a marketing campaign or for lead generation.


lexentry: eng/landing_strip__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: landing strip
trans_list: ticket de métro
sense:
(idiomatic) A cultivated pubic hair pattern in which much of the pubic hair is removed, leaving only a central vertical line or rectangle.


lexentry: eng/landline__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: landline
trans_list: ligne fixe
sense:
A fixed telephone communications cable; originally, one run over land, as opposed to a submarine cable.


lexentry: eng/landrace__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: landrace
trans_list: race naturelle
sense:
(often, attributive) Any local variety of a domesticated animal or plant species that has adapted over time to its ecological and cultural environment (including, in some cases, its work). [from late 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/landscape__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: landscape
trans_list: paysage
sense:
A portion of land or territory which the eye can comprehend in a single view, including all the objects it contains.


lexentry: eng/landscape__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: landscape
trans_list: paysage
sense:
A picture representing a real or imaginary scene by land or sea, the main subject being the general aspect of nature, as fields, hills, forests, water, etc.


lexentry: eng/landscape__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: landscape
trans_list: paysage
sense:
(computing, printing, uncountable) a mode of printing where the horizontal sides are longer than the vertical sides


lexentry: eng/landslide__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: landslide
trans_list: glissement de terrain
sense:
A natural disaster that involves the breakup and downhill flow of rock, mud, water and anything caught in the path.


lexentry: eng/language__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: language
trans_list: langue | langage
sense:
(countable) A body of words, and set of methods of combining them (called a grammar), understood by a community and used as a form of communication.


lexentry: eng/language__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: language
trans_list: langage | jargon
sense:
(uncountable) A sublanguage: the slang of a particular community or jargon of a particular specialist field.


lexentry: eng/language__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: language
trans_list: langage | langue
sense:
(countable, uncountable, figurative) The expression of thought (the communication of meaning) in a specified way; that which communicates something, as language does.


lexentry: eng/language_barrier__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: language barrier
trans_list: barrière linguistique
sense:
A conceptual barrier to effective communication, occurring when people who speak different languages attempt to communicate with each other.


lexentry: eng/language_contact__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: language contact
trans_list: contact des langues
sense:
(linguistics) The phenomenon in which speakers of two or more languages or varieties interact and influence each other.


lexentry: eng/language_exchange__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: language exchange
trans_list: échange linguistique
sense:
A method of language learning based on mutual practice by learning partners who speak different languages.


lexentry: eng/language_police__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: language police
trans_list: police de la langue
sense:
(informal, derogatory) Any person or group crusading for a particular usage or omission within a language.


lexentry: eng/language_proficiency__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
sense: (This entry is a translation hub.)
written_rep: language proficiency
trans_list:
compétence linguistique | connaissance en la langue | connaissances linguistiques | maîtrise d’une langue | niveau de langue


lexentry: eng/languid__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: languid
trans_list: faiblard | faible | languide
sense:
Of a person or their actions, character, etc.: lacking drive, emotion, or enthusiasm; apathetic, listless, spiritless, unenthusiastic.


lexentry: eng/languish__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: languish
trans_list: devenir étique | dépérir | se cachectiser | se rabougrir
sense:
(intransitive) To lose strength and become weak; to be in a state of weakness or sickness. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/languish__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: languish
trans_list: languir | mourir
sense:
(intransitive) To pine away in longing for something; to have low spirits, especially from lovesickness. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/languor__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: languor
trans_list: langueur
sense:
(uncountable) A state of the body or mind caused by exhaustion or disease and characterized by a languid or weary feeling; lassitude; (countable) an instance of this.


lexentry: eng/langur__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: langur
trans_list: langur
sense:
Any of the Old World monkeys of the subfamily Colobinae, in the genera Simias, Trachypithecus (lutungs), Presbytis (surilis), and Semnopithecus (gray langurs).


lexentry: eng/lanolin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lanolin
trans_list: lanoline
sense:
A greasy yellow substance chemically akin to wax that is secreted from wooly animals, with a variety of uses from rust prevention, lubrication and waterproofing to cosmetics and skin ointments.


lexentry: eng/lansquenet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lansquenet
trans_list: lansquenet
sense:
(countable, historical) Any of a class of German mercenaries of the 15th and 16th centuries, most of whom were pikemen and foot soldiers.


lexentry: eng/lansquenet__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: lansquenet
trans_list: lansquenet
sense:
(uncountable) A gambling card game in which the dealer is given an initial card and the players another; cards are then turned up until the value (rank) of one of those cards is met.


lexentry: eng/lantern__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lantern
trans_list: lanterne
sense:
A case of translucent or transparent material made to protect a flame, or light, used to illuminate its surroundings.


lexentry: eng/lantern__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: lantern
trans_list: lanterne
sense:
(architecture) A smaller and secondary cupola crowning a larger one, for ornament, or to admit light.


lexentry: eng/lantern__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: lantern
trans_list: lanterne
sense:
(steam engines) A kind of cage inserted in a stuffing box and surrounding a piston rod, to separate the packing into two parts and form a chamber between for the reception of steam, etc.; a lantern brass.


lexentry: eng/lantern_wheel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lantern wheel
trans_list: lanterne | pignon à lanterne
sense:
A pinion with cylindrical staves, instead of teeth, inserted at their ends in two parallel disks or plates.


lexentry: eng/lanternfish__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lanternfish
trans_list: poissons-lanternes
sense:
any of small, deep sea fish of the large family Myctophidae, named after their conspicuous use of bioluminescence.


lexentry: eng/lanthanide__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lanthanide
trans_list: lanthanide
sense:
(chemistry) Any of the 15 rare earth elements from lanthanum to lutetium in the periodic table; because their outermost orbitals are not filled, they have very similar chemistry; below them are the actinides.


lexentry: eng/lanthanum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lanthanum
trans_list: lanthane
sense:
(uncountable) A chemical element (symbol La) with an atomic number of 57: a soft, ductile, silvery-white metal that tarnishes slowly when exposed to air.


lexentry: eng/lanyard__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: lanyard
trans_list: dragonne | lanière
sense:
(by extension) A cord worn around the neck, shoulder, or wrist which is attached to a small object to be carried such as an identity card or security pass, key, knife, or whistle.


lexentry: eng/lap__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: lap
trans_list: giron
sense:
The part of the clothing that lies on the knees or thighs when one sits down; that part of the person thus covered.


lexentry: eng/lap__Verb__2
sense_num: 08
written_rep: lap
trans_list: prendre un tour
sense:
(transitive, sports, motor racing) To overtake a straggler in a race by completing one more whole lap than the straggler.


lexentry: eng/lap__Verb__3
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lap
trans_list: laper
sense:
(ambitransitive) To take (liquid) into the mouth with the tongue; to lick up with a quick motion of the tongue.


lexentry: eng/lap_dance__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lap dance
trans_list: danse-contact | lap dance
sense:
An erotic form of entertainment, typically at a men's club, where a naked or nearly-nude performer straddles a customer and moves in a rhythmic, sexual manner over his or her lap.


lexentry: eng/lap_dog__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lap dog
trans_list: bichon | chien de manchon | chien de salon | chien-chien
sense:
(cynology) A small toy dog, kept as household pet, whose light weight and companionable temperament make it both suited and disposed to spend time resting in the comfort of its master's lap; a dog bred to behave in this manner.


lexentry: eng/laparoscopy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: laparoscopy
trans_list: laparoscopie
sense:
(medicine) Examination of the loins or abdomen, now specifically examination or surgery on the peritoneal cavity using a laparoscope.


lexentry: eng/laparotomy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: laparotomy
trans_list: laparotomie
sense:
(surgery) The surgical procedure for making an incision in the abdominal wall to gain access into the abdominal cavity. Performed either as exploratory surgery, or as the first step in an abdominal operation.


lexentry: eng/lapel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lapel
trans_list: revers | colbac
sense:
Each of the two triangular pieces of cloth on the front of a jacket or coat that are folded back below the throat, leaving a triangular opening between.


lexentry: eng/lapidary__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: lapidary
trans_list: lapidaire
sense:
Of a piece of writing or a writing style: characteristic of or suitable for an inscription; embodying the precision and refinement of inscriptions on monuments; concise and stately.


lexentry: eng/lapping__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: lapping
trans_list: garniture
sense:
(lutherie) Lengths of fine silk, metal wire, or whalebone wrapped tightly around the stick of the bow of a string instrument adjacent to the leather part of the bow grip at the heel.


lexentry: eng/lapti__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lapti
trans_list: lapti
sense:
A pair of the old traditional East Slavic (especially Russian) bast shoes, an obsolete traditional footwear of forest areas of Northern Europe, formerly worn by poorer members of the Finnic peoples, Balts, and East Slavs.


lexentry: eng/lapwing__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lapwing
trans_list: vanneau | vanneau huppé
sense:
Any of several medium-sized wading birds belonging to the subfamily Vanellinae, within family Charadriidae.


lexentry: eng/larceny__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: larceny
trans_list: larcin | vol
sense:
(legal, uncountable) The unlawful taking of personal property as an attempt to deprive the legal owner of it permanently. [from mid-15th c.]


lexentry: eng/largehearted__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: largehearted
trans_list: magnanime
sense:
Possessing the properties associated with the heart as the seat of love; compassionate, generous, benevolent, forgiving, etc.


lexentry: eng/largesse__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: largesse
trans_list: largesses
sense:
(also, figuratively) A specific gift of money, etc., given in this way, specifically (historical) at harvest time; a donation, a gratuity.


lexentry: eng/larkspur__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: larkspur
trans_list: dauphinelle | pied d’alouette
sense:
A delphinium: any plant of the genus Delphinium, especially Delphinium ajacis and other plants of the subgenus Delphinium subg. Consolida


lexentry: eng/larva__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: larva
trans_list: larve
sense:
(figurative) A preliminary stage of someone or something, before it has fully matured, especially a time of growth rather than one of performance.


lexentry: eng/larynx__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: larynx
trans_list: larynx
sense:
(anatomy, zootomy) A hollow muscular organ of the neck of mammals situated just below where the tract of the pharynx splits into the trachea and the oesophagus. It is involved in breath control and protection of the trachea, and, because it houses the vocal cords, sound production.


lexentry: eng/lasagna__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: lasagna
trans_list: lasagne
sense:
An Italian baked dish comprising layers of such pasta with various ingredients (usually a meat ragù (chiefly Bolognese), a fish ragù or a vegetarian/vegetable ragù with bechamel sauce).


lexentry: eng/laser_pointer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: laser pointer
trans_list: pointeur laser
sense:
A device that emits a highly concentrated beam of light to highlight items of interest at some distance


lexentry: eng/laser_printer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: laser printer
trans_list: imprimante à laser
sense:
(computer hardware) A computer printer that uses a laser beam to produce an image on a rotating drum before transferring it to the paper.


lexentry: eng/lassie__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lassie
trans_list: jeunette
sense:
(chiefly, Scotland, Northern England, Geordie, Northumbria) A young girl, a lass, especially one seen as a sweetheart.


lexentry: eng/last_but_not_least__Adverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: last but not least
trans_list: dernier mais non des moindres
sense:
An expression to start the last item of a list, emphasising that while it is listed last, it is just as important as the rest of the items.


lexentry: eng/last_call__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: last call
trans_list: dernier appel
sense:
In a bar, the announcement that the establishment will soon be closing and that this is the final opportunity to buy drinks.


lexentry: eng/last_mile__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: last mile
trans_list: dernier kilomètre
sense:
(telecommunications) The portion of the infrastructure that carries communication signals from the main system to the end user's business or home, often involving greater expense to install and maintain, and lower transmission speeds.


lexentry: eng/last_night__Adverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: last night
trans_list: hier soir
sense:
during the previous day’s nighttime; during the night before today (This entry is a translation hub.)


lexentry: eng/last_night__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: last night
trans_list: hier soir
sense:
(often, used adverbially) The evening or night immediately before the present. (This entry is a translation hub.)


lexentry: eng/last_straw__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: last straw
trans_list: la goutte d’eau qui fait déborder le vase
sense:
(idiomatic, almost always preceded by the) A small addition to a burden which causes it to exceed the capacity.


lexentry: eng/latch-key_child__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: latch-key child
trans_list: enfant ayant la clé de la maison
sense:
(idiomatic) A child who returns home from school to an empty house and therefore must unlock/unlatch the exterior door with a key, especially a child of working or absent parent(s).


lexentry: eng/latch__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: latch
trans_list: loquet | verrou
sense:
A fastening for a door that has a bar that fits into a notch or slot, and is lifted by a lever or string from either side.


lexentry: eng/latchkey_kid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: latchkey kid
trans_list: enfant à clé
sense:
(informal) A schoolchild who carries keys to his or her house because there is usually no parent home when school finishes.


lexentry: eng/late__Adjective__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: late
trans_list: défunt | feu | regretté | regrettée
sense:
(not comparable, euphemistic) Deceased, dead: used particularly when speaking of the dead person's actions while alive. (Generally must be preceded by a possessive or an article, commonly "the"; see usage notes. Can itself only precede the person's name, never follow it.)


lexentry: eng/late_capitalism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: late capitalism
trans_list: capitalisme tardif
sense:
The most recent or current form of capitalism, especially as characterized by monopoly, globalization, exploitation, and excess.


lexentry: eng/lateen__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lateen
trans_list: voile latine
sense:
(nautical) A triangular fore-and-aft sail set on a boom in such way that the tack is attached to the hull of the vessel and the free end of the boom lifts the sail.


lexentry: eng/later__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: later
trans_list: più in ritardo | plus en retard
sense:
Coming afterward in distance (following an antecedent distance as embedded within an adverbial phrase)


lexentry: eng/lateral__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: lateral
trans_list: latéral
sense:
(phonetics, phonology) (of a consonant, especially the English clear l) Pertaining to speech sounds generated by partially blocking the egress of the airstream with the tongue, leaving space on one or both sides of the occlusion for air passage.


lexentry: eng/lateral_line__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lateral line
trans_list: ligne latérale
sense:
A sense organ of a fish running lengthwise down each of its sides from the vicinity of the operculum to the base of the tail, used to detect movement and vibration in the surrounding water.


lexentry: eng/lateral_raise__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lateral raise
trans_list: écarté
sense:
(weightlifting) A shoulder exercise in which the arm is raised and lowered against resistance – such as through use of a dumbbell, cable, or resistance band –, isolating the deltoids.


lexentry: eng/lateral_thinking__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lateral thinking
trans_list: pensée latérale
sense:
Using reasoned thought in a non-standard, or non-linear logical, way to find a solution to a problem.


lexentry: eng/laterite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: laterite
trans_list: latérite
sense:
A red hard or gravel-like soil or subsoil formed in the tropics that has been leached of soluble minerals leaving insoluble iron and aluminium oxides and hydroxides; used to make bricks and roads.


lexentry: eng/lath__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lath
trans_list: latte | liteau | volige
sense:
A thin, narrow strip, fastened to the rafters, studs, or floor beams of a building, for the purpose of supporting a covering of tiles, plastering, etc.


lexentry: eng/lathe__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lathe
trans_list: tour
sense:
(tools, metalworking, woodworking) A machine tool used to shape a piece of material, or workpiece, by rotating the workpiece against a cutting tool.


lexentry: eng/laticlave__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: laticlave
trans_list: laticlave
sense:
(historical) A badge of two wide purple stripes, worn by senators and certain other high-ranking people in ancient Rome.


lexentry: eng/latitude__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: latitude
trans_list: latitude
sense:
(geography, astronomy, countable) The angular distance north or south from a planet's equator, measured along the meridian of that particular point.


lexentry: eng/latitude__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: latitude
trans_list: latitude | parallèle
sense:
(geography) An imaginary line (in fact a circumference) around a planet running parallel to the planet's equator.


lexentry: eng/latrine__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: latrine
trans_list: latrine | latrines
sense:
(India, otherwise, _, military) Any facility or device used for urination or defecation, whether toilet, lavatory, or outhouse.


lexentry: eng/latte__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: latte
trans_list: café au lait
sense:
A similar drink, where the espresso is replaced with some other flavoring ingredient such as chai, maté or matcha (green tea).


lexentry: eng/lattermath__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lattermath
trans_list: constance
sense:
(literally) The latter (i.e. second) mowing, a second crop of grass grown after the first was harvested


lexentry: eng/lattice__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lattice
trans_list: treillis
sense:
A flat panel constructed with widely-spaced crossed thin strips of wood or other material, commonly used as a garden trellis.


lexentry: eng/lattice__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: lattice
trans_list: grille | lattis | quadrillage | réseau
sense:
(crystallography) A regular spacing or arrangement of geometric points, often decorated with a motif.


lexentry: eng/laudanum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: laudanum
trans_list: laudanum
sense:
(pharmacology) A tincture of opium, once widely used for various medical purposes and as a recreational drug.


lexentry: eng/laugh__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: laugh
trans_list: rire
sense:
(intransitive) To show mirth, satisfaction, or derision, by peculiar movement of the muscles of the face, particularly of the mouth, causing a lighting up of the face and eyes, and usually accompanied by the emission of explosive or chuckling sounds from the chest and throat; to indulge in laughter.


lexentry: eng/laugh__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: laugh
trans_list: rire
sense:
(intransitive, figuratively, obsolete) To be or appear cheerful, pleasant, mirthful, lively, or brilliant; to sparkle; to sport.


lexentry: eng/laugh__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: laugh
trans_list: rire | moquer
sense:
(intransitive, followed by "at") To make an object of laughter or ridicule; to make fun of; to deride; to mock.


lexentry: eng/laughing_dove__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: laughing dove
trans_list: tourterelle maillée
sense:
A small pigeon (Spilopelia senegalensis) native to the tropics in Africa south of the Sahara; the Middle East; and southern Asia east to India.


lexentry: eng/laughing_kookaburra__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: laughing kookaburra
trans_list: kookaburra | martin-chasseur géant
sense:
A kookaburra of species Dacelo novaeguineae, native to eastern Australia and famed for its loud laugh-like call.


lexentry: eng/laughter__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: laughter
trans_list: rire
sense:
A movement (usually involuntary) of the muscles of the laughing face, particularly of the lips, and of the whole body, with a peculiar expression of the eyes, indicating merriment, satisfaction or derision, and usually attended by a sonorous and interrupted expulsion of air from the lungs.


lexentry: eng/launch__Verb__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: launch
trans_list: lancer
sense:
(transitive) To send out; to start (someone) on a mission or project; to give a start to (something); to put in operation


lexentry: eng/launcher__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: launcher
trans_list: lanceur
sense:
(computing) An application that launches another or others, often holding icons or menus for frequently used programs.


lexentry: eng/laundry__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: laundry
trans_list: buanderie | laverie | blanchisserie | blanchissage
sense:
A place or room where laundering is done - including, by extension, other forms of laundering than clothes washing.


lexentry: eng/laundry_basket__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: laundry basket
trans_list: panier à linge
sense:
A container, often made of plastic, for holding and transporting clothing and household textiles, especially before and after being laundered.


lexentry: eng/laura__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: laura
trans_list: Laure
sense:
(historical, Eastern Orthodox Church) A cluster of cells or caves for hermits, with a church and sometimes a refectory at the centre.


lexentry: eng/laurel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: laurel
trans_list: laurier
sense:
Laurus nobilis, an evergreen shrub having aromatic leaves of a lanceolate shape, with clusters of small, yellowish white flowers in their axils.


lexentry: eng/lava_lamp__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lava lamp
trans_list: lampe à lave
sense:
A kind of lamp, typically used more for decoration than illumination, in which the gentle flow of randomly-shaped clumps of wax purportedly suggests the flowing of lava.


lexentry: eng/lavash__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lavash
trans_list: lavash
sense:
A soft, thin flatbread made with flour, water, yeast, and salt, baked in a tandoor. Toasted sesame seeds and/or poppy seeds are sometimes sprinkled on it before baking. Traditionally made in Armenia and other countries of the Caucasus and the Middle East.


lexentry: eng/law__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: law
trans_list: loi | droit
sense:
(usually with "the") The body of binding rules and regulations, customs, and standards established in a community by its legislative and judicial authorities.


lexentry: eng/law__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: law
trans_list: loi
sense:
(cricket) One of the official rules of cricket as codified by the its (former) governing body, the MCC.


lexentry: eng/law__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: law
trans_list: loi
sense:
(mathematics, logic) A statement (of relation) that is true under specified conditions; a mathematical or logical rule.


lexentry: eng/law__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: law
trans_list: loi | théorème
sense:
A statement (in physics, etc) of an (observed, established) order or sequence or relationship of phenomena which is invariable under certain conditions. (Compare theory.)


lexentry: eng/law__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: law
trans_list: loi | droit
sense:
Any rule that must or should be obeyed, concerning behaviours and their consequences. (Compare mores.)


lexentry: eng/law_clerk__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: law clerk
trans_list: assistant de justice | assistant du contentieux | référendaire
sense:
A clerk who assists a judge with legal proceedings. Depending on the court, such positions may be professional careers or may be temporary positions for graduating law students.


lexentry: eng/law_enforcement__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: law enforcement
trans_list: forces de l'ordre
sense:
The various government agencies, regarded collectively, involved in the prevention of crime and the apprehension of criminals.


lexentry: eng/law_of_excluded_middle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: law of excluded middle
trans_list: principe du tiers exclu
sense:
(logic) A logical principle which states all statements must be either true or false, i.e. in symbols: P \vee \neg P .


lexentry: eng/law_of_large_numbers__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: law of large numbers
trans_list: loi des grands nombres
sense:
(statistics) The statistical tendency toward a fixed ratio in the results when an experiment is repeated a large number of times; law of averages.


lexentry: eng/lawnmower__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lawnmower
trans_list: tondeuse à gazon | tondeuse
sense:
A device used for cutting grass to a chosen height, typically of landscaped lawns of residences or institutions.


lexentry: eng/lawsuit__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lawsuit
trans_list: procès | poursuite | poursuite judiciaire
sense:
(legal) In civil law, a case where two or more people disagree and one or more of the parties take the case to a court for resolution.


lexentry: eng/lawyer__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: lawyer
trans_list: avocat | avocate | juriste | femme de loi | homme de loi
sense:
A professional person qualified (as by a law degree or bar exam) and authorized to practice law as an attorney-at-law, solicitor, advocate, barrister or equivalent, i.e. represent parties in lawsuits or trials and give legal advice.


lexentry: eng/lay-by__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lay-by
trans_list: place de parking
sense:
(UK) A paved area at the side of a highway designated for drivers to stop in, for emergency parking, or where vehicles can wait, with larger lay-bys possibly having facilities like food vendors or public telephones.


lexentry: eng/lay-by__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: lay-by
trans_list: place de parking
sense:
(UK) A railroad siding; a second, short railroad track just to the side of a railroad track, connected with the main track by a switch and used for unloading, bypassing, etc.


lexentry: eng/lay-by__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: lay-by
trans_list: place de parking
sense:
(Australia, New Zealand, South Africa) A method of retail purchase in which the selected goods are set aside and the customer pays for them in instalments, receiving them when fully paid; layaway.


lexentry: eng/lay_an_egg__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: lay an egg
trans_list: faire un bide | faire un flop
sense:
(idiomatic, of a person, organization, etc.) To produce a failure or flop; to do something which is unsuccessful.


lexentry: eng/lay_down__Verb__1
sense_num: 08
written_rep: lay down
trans_list: se coucher
sense:
(intransitive, nonstandard, proscribed) To lie down; to place oneself in a reclined or horizontal position, on a bed or similar, for the purpose of resting.


lexentry: eng/lay_judge__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lay judge
trans_list: juge laïc
sense:
A lay person who acts as (or is) a judge, or who assists a (professional) judge, in a court proceeding (especially in jurisdictions which do not use juries).


lexentry: eng/lay_off__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lay off
trans_list: licencier | virer
sense:
(transitive, chiefly, US, idiom) (of an employer) To dismiss (workers) from employment, e.g. at a time of low business volume or through no fault of the worker, often with a severance package.


lexentry: eng/lay_open__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lay open
trans_list: dévoiler
sense:
(patents, Japan and South Korea) To publish a patent for initial public review, prior to the formal application for registration.


lexentry: eng/lay_out__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: lay out
trans_list: débourser
sense:
(transitive) To arrange in a certain way, so as to spread or space apart; to display (e.g. merchandise or a collection).


lexentry: eng/lay_out__Verb__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: lay out
trans_list: débourser
sense:
(transitive, colloquial) To render (someone) unconscious; to knock out; to cause to fall to the floor.


lexentry: eng/layer__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: layer
trans_list: calque
sense:
(computer graphics, by analogy to a stack of transparencies) one in a stack of (initially transparent) drawing surfaces that comprise an image; used to keep elements of an image separate so that they can be modified independently from one another.


lexentry: eng/laying_on_of_hands__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: laying on of hands
trans_list: apposition des mains | imposition des mains
sense:
(religion, chiefly, Christianity) The practice of using touch to communicate spiritual energy from one person to another, especially as an act of healing.


lexentry: eng/layoff__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: layoff
trans_list: chômage technique | licenciement économique
sense:
(chiefly, US) A dismissal of employees from their jobs because of tightened budgetary constraints or work shortage (not due to poor performance or misconduct).


lexentry: eng/layout__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: layout
trans_list: mise en page | maquette
sense:
(publishing) The process of arranging editorial content, advertising, graphics and other information to fit within certain constraints.


lexentry: eng/layout__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: layout
trans_list: plan
sense:
(engineering) A map or a drawing of a construction site showing the position of roads, buildings or other constructions.


lexentry: eng/lazaretto__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lazaretto
trans_list: lazaret
sense:
(also, figuratively) A building such as a hospital, or occasionally a ship, used to temporarily isolate sick people to prevent the spread of infectious diseases; a quarantine. [from early 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/lazaretto__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lazaretto
trans_list: lazaret
sense:
A place reserved for people with infectious diseases (especially leprosy or plague) to live on a long-term basis. [from mid 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/lazurite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lazurite
trans_list: lazurite
sense:
(mineral) A mineral of metamorphosed limestones. Lazurite forms the gemstone lapis lazuli, and crushed lazurite provided the ultramarine color in artists' paint of the Old Masters. Sodalite and lazurite form the sodalite group of silicate minerals. Chemical composition: Sodium aluminum silicate with sulphur, Na4-5Al3Si3O12S.


lexentry: eng/lazy_Susan__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: lazy Susan
trans_list: plaque tournante
sense:
A rotating set of shelves used to minimize inaccessible space, usually employed in corner kitchen cabinets.


lexentry: eng/lead__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lead
trans_list: plomb
sense:
(uncountable) A heavy, pliable, inelastic metal element, having a bright, bluish color, but easily tarnished; both malleable and ductile, though with little tenacity. It is easily fusible, forms alloys with other metals, and is an ingredient of solder and type metal. Atomic number 82, symbol Pb (from Latin plumbum).


lexentry: eng/lead__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: lead
trans_list: sonde
sense:
(countable, nautical) A plummet or mass of lead attached to a line, used in sounding depth at sea or (dated) to estimate velocity in knots.


lexentry: eng/lead__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: lead
trans_list: interligne
sense:
(uncountable, typography) Vertical space in advance of a row or between rows of text. Also known as leading.


lexentry: eng/lead__Noun__2
sense_num: 02
written_rep: lead
trans_list: mener | diriger
sense:
(countable) Precedence; advance position; also, the measure of precedence; the state of being ahead in a race; the highest score in an incomplete game.


lexentry: eng/lead__Noun__2
sense_num: 05
written_rep: lead
trans_list: guider | diriger
sense:
(uncountable, card games, dominoes) The act or right of playing first in a game or round; the card suit, or piece, so played


lexentry: eng/lead__Noun__2
sense_num: 13
written_rep: lead
trans_list: guider | diriger
sense:
In a steam engine, the width of port opening which is uncovered by the valve, for the admission or release of steam, at the instant when the piston is at end of its stroke.


lexentry: eng/lead__Noun__2
sense_num: 15
written_rep: lead
trans_list: conduire | mener | guider
sense:
(horology) The action of a tooth, such as a tooth of a wheel, in impelling another tooth or a pallet.


lexentry: eng/lead__Noun__2
sense_num: 17
written_rep: lead
trans_list: diriger | conduire | mener | commander | guider | amener
sense:
Information obtained by a detective or police officer that allows him or her to discover further details about a crime or incident.


lexentry: eng/lead__Noun__2
sense_num: 19
written_rep: lead
trans_list: tuyau
sense:
Information obtained by a news reporter about an issue or subject that allows him or her to discover more details.


lexentry: eng/lead__Noun__2
sense_num: 26
written_rep: lead
trans_list: conduire | mener | guider
sense:
(music) A mark or a short passage in one voice part, as of a canon, serving as a cue for the entrance of others.


lexentry: eng/lead__Verb__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lead
trans_list: diriger | commander
sense:
To conduct or direct with authority; to have direction or charge of; to command, especially a military or business unit.


lexentry: eng/lead__Verb__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lead
trans_list: guider | piste | tuyau
sense:
To guide or conduct in a certain course, or to a certain place or end, by making the way known; to show the way, especially by going with or going in advance of, to lead a pupil; to guide somebody somewhere or to bring somebody somewhere by means of instructions.


lexentry: eng/lead__Verb__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lead
trans_list: conduire | mener | guider | amener
sense:
To guide or conduct oneself in, through, or along (a certain course); hence, to proceed in the way of; to follow the path or course of; to pass; to spend. Also, to cause (one) to proceed or follow in (a certain course).


lexentry: eng/lead__Verb__2
sense_num: 04
written_rep: lead
trans_list: conduire | amener | pousser | prospect
sense:
(transitive) To draw or direct by influence, whether good or bad; to prevail on; to induce; to entice; to allure


lexentry: eng/lead_guitar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lead guitar
trans_list: guitare solo
sense:
An electric guitar in a band that plays soloistically, usually playing melodically as opposed to strumming chords; supported by the rhythm guitar.


lexentry: eng/lead_time__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: lead time
trans_list: délai de livraison | délai de mise en œuvre
sense:
(idiomatic) The amount of time between the initiation of some process and its completion, e.g. the time required to manufacture or procure a product; the time required before something can be provided or delivered.


lexentry: eng/leading_edge__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: leading edge
trans_list: bord d'attaque
sense:
(aeronautics) The frontmost edge of a wing or other airfoil of an aircraft; sometimes contains slots or slats


lexentry: eng/leading_question__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: leading question
trans_list: question orientée | question suggestive | question tendancieuse
sense:
A question that suggests the answer or that contains the information for which the examiner is looking.


lexentry: eng/leaf-cutter_ant__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: leaf-cutter ant
trans_list: fourmi coupe-feuille
sense:
Any of the 41 species of ants in the genera Atta and Acromyrmex, that cut fragments from leaves and takes them to its colony's nest.


