's-Hertogenbosch /-toʊx-/ /-tɑx-/ /-tɑɡ-/ /-tɒx-/ /-tɒɡ-/ /-təʊx-/ /-əˈ-/ /ˌsɛə-/ /ˌsɛəɹ-/ /ˌsɜɹtoʊɡənˈbɔs/ /ˌsɜːtəʊɡənˈbɒs/ pn
's-Hertogenbosch
capital city of North Brabant

able /ə.bl̩/ suffix
alny elny
able to be done

aemia suffix
emia
condition of the blood

archy suffix
archia
form of government or rule

arium suffix
arium
a place associated with a specified thing

ase suffix
aza
forms the names of enzymes

ate /eɪt/ /ət/ suffix
an
chemical derivative
ować
to act in the specified manner

ation /ˈeɪʃn̩/ suffix
acja
-ation (suffix)

biont /ˈbaɪ.ɑnt/ /ˈbaɪ.ɒnt/ suffix
biont
discrete living organism that has a specified mode of living

biosis suffix
bioza

blast suffix
blast
an immature cell or tissue

cene suffix
cen
suffix indicating a geologic period

centric suffix
centryczny
having a specified object at the centre

centrism suffix
centryzm

cephaly suffix
cefalia
head

chrome suffix
chromia

cide /-saɪd/ suffix
cyd
killing of
killer of

cracy /-kɹəsi/ suffix
kracja
rule

cyte /-saɪt/ suffix
cyt
cell names and classifications

drome suffix
drom
suffix

ed /d/ /dəd/ /t/ /əd/ /ɪd/ suffix
ł
past tense
ny y
having an object of a particular quality

ene /-iːn/ suffix
en
alkene

er /ə/ /ɚ/ suffix
acz aczka arka arz ca ciel
person whose occupation is...
ak
(with numbers, measurements or quantified sets) ranked by or having...
ardziej
used to form the comparative of adjectives
used to form the comparative of adverbs

ery /əɹi/ suffix
eria
characteristic of
class or group, collection of
nia
place of art, craft or practice

ess /əs/ /ɛs/ /ɪs/ suffix
ka
female suffix

est /əst/ /ɪst/ suffix
aj- ajbardziej
superlative of adjectives and adverbs
asz esz isz ysz
second-person singular present tense of verbs

ferous suffix
dajny nośny
producing a certain material

fold suffix
krotnie kroć
used to make adverbs
krotny
used to make adjectives

gamy /-ɡəmi/ suffix
gamia
describing forms of marriage

gen suffix
gen
producer of something

genic suffix
genny rodny twórczy
generated

geny suffix
genia

gony suffix
gonia

gram suffix
gram
something written

graph suffix
graf
something related to writing etc.

grapher suffix
graf
someone who writes about a specified subject

graphy /-ɡɹəfi/ suffix
grafia
Suffix denoting a written or represented in the specified manner, or about a specified subject

hood /hʊd/ suffix
ość ctwo stwo
condition or state
stwo
group

hour-old suffix
godzinny
suffix used to indicate the age of something or someone, in terms of hours

ian /iːən/ suffix
ski
belonging to
related to

iatry suffix
iatria
(forms names of specialized fields of medical practice)

ics suffix
ika yka
fields of knowledge or practice

ide suffix
ek
binary compound of a nonmetal
id ida yd
any of a group of related compounds

ification /ɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/ suffix
fikacja yfikacja

ify /ɪfaɪ/ suffix
fikować
to produce verbs meaning to make

ing /in/ /iŋ/ /ən/ /ɪn/ /ɪŋ/ /ɪŋk/ /ɪŋɡ/ suffix
cie nie
to form gerunds
act of doing something
ący
to form present participles

ish /ɪʃ/ suffix
awy
appended to adjectives
iczny yczny
appended to words
ski
appended to roots denoting names of nations or regions
oło koło
appended to numbers

ism /ɪ.zəm/ [ɪ.zm̩] suffix
izm yzm
a principle, belief or movement

ist /-əst/ /-ɪst/ suffix
ista istka ysta ystka
A person who holds biased views
A person who uses something
ista ysta istka ystka
One who follows a particular ideology, doctrine, belief system or theory

ite /-aɪt/ suffix
anin ita
a descendant of a specified historical person
in yn
a salt or ester of an acid whose name ends in -ous
it yt
used to form names of minerals and rocks

itude suffix
ituda ość stwo
suffix

ity /əti/ [əɾi] [ɪti] [ɾi] suffix
ość
Used to form nouns from adjectives.

ive /ɪv/ suffix
czy ny
adjectival suffix: of the nature of; tending to

ization /-əˈzeɪʃ(ə)n/ /-əˈzeɪʃn̩/ /-ˌaɪˈzeɪʃ(ə)n/ /-ˌaɪˈzeɪʃn̩/ suffix
izacja yzacja
act, process, or result of doing something

ize /-aɪz/ suffix
izować yzować
suffix used to form verbs

lalia suffix
lalia

less /ləs/ /lɪs/ suffix
ez-
lacking

like suffix
podobny
having some of the characteristics of (used to form adjectives from nouns)

ling suffix
ę
Diminutive

lite /-ˌlaɪt/ /-ˌlʌɪt/ suffix
lit
forms names of rocks or minerals

lith suffix
lit

logist suffix
log
person who studies or is an expert in the related -logy

logy /ləd͡ʒi/ suffix
logia
branch of learning

ly /li/ [li] [liː] [lɪ] [ɫiː] suffix
o
used to form adverbs from adjectives

lysis suffix
ilza
disintegration
liza
decomposition or breakdown
dissolving

mancy suffix
mancja
specified forms of divination

mania suffix
mania
indicating a compulsion or obsession

mer suffix
mer

mere suffix
mer

meter suffix
metr mierz
used to form a measuring device

mycin /ˈmaɪ.sɪn/ suffix
mycyna

nd suffix
gi
second

ness /nəs/ /nɛs/ /nɪs/ [nɘs] suffix
ość stwo
appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning "the state of being...", "the quality of being...", or "the measure of being..."

nomy suffix
nomia
system of rules, laws, or knowledge about a particular field

oid /-oɪd/ /-ɔɪd/ suffix
oid
suffix meaning similar but not the same

ology /ˈɑləd͡ʒi/ /ˈɒləd͡ʒi/ suffix
logia
branch of learning

one suffix
on
ketone

onym suffix
onim
name

opia suffix
opia

opsia /ˈɒpsɪə/ suffix
opsja

ose /-oʊs/ /-əʊs/ suffix
oza
suffix used to form the names of sugars

osis suffix
oza
suffix for functional disorders

ous /-əs/ suffix
awy ny y
suffix to form adjectives

path suffix
pata
used to form nouns indicating someone with a particular capability, as a type of remedial treatment
used to form nouns indicating someone with a particular disorder

pathy /-pəθi/ suffix
patia
in whichever sense

pedia suffix
pedia

phage /feɪd͡ʒ/ suffix
fag
something that eats, or consumes

phagy suffix
fagia
the consumption of

phasia suffix
fazja

phile /faɪ̯l/ suffix
fil
Forming nouns and adjectives denoting "friend"

philia /-ˈfɪliə, -ˈfiːliə/ suffix
filia
forming words denoting abnormal linking towards a given thing

phobe /-foʊb/ suffix
fob
used to form nouns denoting a person having a fear of a specific thing

phobia /-ˈfoʊ.bi.ə/ /-ˈfəʊ.bi.ə/ suffix
fobia
used to form nouns meaning fear
used to form nouns meaning hate

phone suffix
fon
device that makes a sound
type of sound

phony /-fəni/ suffix
fonia

phore suffix
for
bearer or carrier of

phoresis /fəˈɹiː.sɪs/ suffix
foreza

phrenia suffix
frenia

phyte /faɪt/ /fʌɪt/ suffix
fit
plant that grows in a specified form or habit
plant that grows in a specified habitat
taxonomic group of plants or algae

plast /plæst/ suffix
plast

plasty /-ˈplæsti/ suffix
plastyka

ploid suffix
ploid

proof suffix
odporny
denoting an impervious quality

rd suffix
ci
third

saur suffix
zaur

scope suffix
skop
suffix to name viewing instruments

scopy /-skəpi/ suffix
skopia
observation, viewing

ship suffix
stwo
Property or state of being

sophy suffix
zofia

st suffix
szy
first

stat /stat/ /stæt/ suffix
stat

sterone /stə.ɹəʊn/ /stəˌɹoʊn/ suffix
steron
steroid hormone

teen suffix
naście
to form numbers 13 - 19

th /-θ/ suffix
ty y
used to form the ordinal numeral

therm suffix
terma

thermy suffix
termia

time suffix
krotny
suffix used to indicate how many times something has occurred

tion /-tʃən/ /-ʃən/ suffix
cja
producing a noun meaning the action or effect of a verb

tomy /-təmi/ suffix
tomia
cutting, incision, section

troph suffix
trof

trophy /tɹə.fi/ suffix
trofia

tropin /ˈtɹoʊ.pɪn/ /ˈtɹəʊ.pɪn/ suffix
tropina

tropy suffix
tropia

type suffix
typia

uria /-ˈjʊəɹɪə/ suffix
uria
relating to urine

y suffix
liwy
inclined to
ny owy
having the quality of
ek ka ko
forming diminutive nouns
ś
forming familiar names
ość stwo
forming abstract nouns

zoic suffix
zoik

1 Chronicles pn
Pierwsza Księga Kronik
book of the Bible

1 Kings pn
Pierwsza Księga Królewska
book of the Bible

1 Maccabees pn
Pierwsza Księga Machabejska
first book of Maccabees

1 Peter pn
1 P Pierwszy List Piotra Pierwszy List [[św.]] Piotra Pierwszy List świętego Piotra Apostoła
Book of the Bible

1 Samuel pn
Pierwsza Księga Samuela
book of the Bible

100th adj
100.
abbreviation of hundredth

101 /ˈwʌnˌoʊ̯ˈwʌn/ adj
abc od początku początkujący podstawy
basic, beginner

10th adj
10.
abbreviation of tenth

11th adj
11.
abbreviation of eleventh

12th adj
12.
abbreviation of twelfth

13th adj
13.
abbreviation of thirteenth

14th adj
14.
abbreviation of fourteenth

15 minutes of fame n
piętnaście minut sławy swoje pięć minut
fifteen minutes of fame

15th adj
15.
abbreviation of fifteenth

16th /ˌsɪksˈtiːnθ/ /ˌsɪksˈtiːnθ/ adj
16.
abbreviation of sixteenth

17th adj
17.
abbreviation of seventeenth

18th adj
18.
abbreviation of eighteenth

19th adj
19.
abbreviation of nineteenth

1st /fɜːst/ /fɝst/ /fɜːst/ /fɝst/ adj
1.
abbreviation of first

2 Chronicles pn
Druga Księga Kronik
book of the Bible

2 Kings pn
Druga Księga Królewska
book of the Bible

2 Maccabees pn
Druga Księga Machabejska
second book of Maccabees

2 Peter pn
2 P Drugi List Piotra Drugi List [[św.]] Piotra Drugi List świętego Piotra Apostoła
Book of the Bible

2 Samuel pn
Druga Księga Samuela
book of the Bible

20th /ˈtwɛn.ti.əθ/ /ˈtwɛn.ti.əθ/ adj
20.
abbreviation of twentieth

2nd /ˈsɛkənd/ /ˈsɛkənd/ adj
2.
abbreviation of second

30th /ˈθɜː.ti.əθ/ /ˈθɝ.ɾi.əθ/ adj
30.
abbreviation of thirtieth

3D adj
3D
abbreviation

3rd adj
3.
abbreviation of third

40th adj
40.
abbreviation of fortieth

4th adj
4.
abbreviation of fourth

5th adj
5.
abbreviation of fifth

610 Office pn
biuro 610
The Public Security Anti-Xie-Jiao Organization

6th adj
6.
abbreviation of sixth

7th adj
7.
abbreviation of seventh

8-bit /ˌeɪtˈbɪt/ adj
bitowy ośmiobitowy
represented using 8 bits

8th adj
8.
abbreviation of eighth

9th adj
9.
abbreviation of ninth

A /eɪ̯/ /æɪ/ n
A
playing card

A-bomb n
bomba atomowa
atomic bomb

A-flat n
as
tone four fifths below C

A-sharp n
ais
tone

A-sharp major n
Ais-dur

AA pn
AA
Alcoholics Anonymous

ABC /eɪ biː siː/ n
abecadło
rudiments

AC n
prąd przemienny prąd zmienny
alternating current

ACAB phraseologicalUnit
CHWDP HWDP
Anti-police slogan

AD /ˌeɪˈdi/ adv
p.n.Chr. po Chr.
anno Domini

ADHD /ˌeɪ diː ˌeɪtʃ ˈdiː/ n
ADHD
the abbreviation ADHD

AIDS /eɪdz/ n
AIDS
acquired immune deficiency syndrome

AKA preposition
aka alias
also known as

ASAP /ˈeɪ.sæp/ /ˌeɪ.ɛs.eɪˈpiː/ adv
ASAP asap jak najszybciej
as soon as possible

ATM n
ATM
(telecommunication, electronics) Asynchronous Transfer Mode
bankomat
(banking) automated teller machine

AWOL /ˈeɪ̯.wɑl/ /ˈeɪ̯.wɔl/ /ˈʔɐ.wɔl/ adj
nieobecny bez zezwolenia
absent without permission

Aachen /ˈɑkən/ /ˈɑxən/ /ˈɑːkən/ pn
Akwizgran
city in North Rhine-Westphalia

Aalborg /ˈɑlˌbɔɹɡ/ /ˈɑːlbɔːɡ/ /ˈɔlˌbɔɹɡ/ pn
Aalborg
city in northern Denmark

Aalenian pn
aalen
subdivision of the Middle Jurassic epoch

Aargau /ˈɑrˌɡaʊ/ /ˈɑːɡaʊ/ pn
Argowia
canton

Aarhus /ˈɑrˌ(h)us/ /ˈɑːhuːs/ /ˈɔrˌ(h)us/ pn
Aarhus
Danish city

Aaron /aaron/ /ahăron/ /ærən/ /ɛəɹən/ /ˈæɹ.ən/ /ˈæɹən/ /ˈɛə.ɹən/ /ˈɛəɹən/ /ˈɛɹ.ən/ /ˈɛɹən/ pn
Aaron
biblical brother of Moses
male given name

Aaron's beard /ˈæɹ.ənz bɪəd/ /ˈæɹ.ənz bɪɹd/ /ˈɛəɹ.ənz bɪəd/ /ˈɛɹ.ənz bɪɹd/ n
Aronowa broda
name for certain plants

Aaronite /ˈeə(ɹ).n̩aɪt/ /ˈæɹ.əˌnaɪt/ /ˈɛɹ.əˌnaɪt/ n
Aaronita
descendant of Aaron

Abakan /ˌɑ.bəˈkɑn/ pn
Abakan
city in Russia
river

Abaza /əˈbɑ.zə/ /əˈbɑː.zə/ adj
abazyński
of or relating to the Abazа people or their language

Abaza /əˈbɑ.zə/ /əˈbɑː.zə/ n
Abazyjczyk Abazyn Abazyńczyk
member of an ethnic group living in the northwest Caucasus

Abaza /əˈbɑ.zə/ /əˈbɑː.zə/ pn
abaza abazyjski abazyński
language

Abdera pn
Abdera
town

Abderian /æbˈdɛɹ.i.ən/ /æbˈdɪɹ.i.ən/ adj
abderycki
of or belonging to Abdera

Abderite /ˈæb.dəˌɹaɪt/ n
abderyta abderytka
native of Abdera, Thrace

Abdon pn
Abdon
biblical judge of Israel

Abdul /ɑbˈdʊl/ pn
Abdul
male given name

Abdullah /æbˈdʌlə/ /ˌɑb.dʊlˈɑ/ pn
Abdullah
Muslim given name

Abel /ˈeɪ.bl̩/ pn
Abel
male given name
son of Adam and Eve

Abidjan /ˈæb.əˌd͡ʒɑn/ /ˌæb.əˈd͡ʒɑn/ /ˌæb.ɪˈd͡ʒɑn/ pn
Abidżan
the largest city of Ivory Coast

Abidjanian adj
abidżański
of or pertaining to Abidjan

Abigail /ˈæb.ə.ɡeɪl/ pn
Abigail
biblical wife of David
female given name

Abkhaz /æbˈkæz/ /æbˈkɑz/ /ɑbˈkɑz/ adj
abchaski
of or pertaining to Abkhazia

Abkhaz /æbˈkæz/ /æbˈkɑz/ /ɑbˈkɑz/ n
Abchaz Abchazka
person from Abkhazia

Abkhaz /æbˈkæz/ /æbˈkɑz/ /ɑbˈkɑz/ pn
abchaski
a Northwest Caucasian language spoken in Abkhazia

Abkhazia /æbˈkeɪ.zi.ə/ /æbˈkeɪ.ʒi.ə/ /æbˈkeɪ.ʒə/ /æbˈkɑ.zi.ə/ /æbˈkɑ.ʒi.ə/ pn
Abchazja
territory in the Caucasus

Aboriginal /ˌæb.əˈɹɪd͡ʒ.n̩.l̩/ /ˌæb.əˈɹɪd͡ʒ.ɪ.nəl/ /ˌæb.əˈɹɪd͡ʒ.ɪn.l̩/ adj
aborygeński
of or pertaining to aborigines

Aboriginal /ˌæb.əˈɹɪd͡ʒ.n̩.l̩/ /ˌæb.əˈɹɪd͡ʒ.ɪ.nəl/ /ˌæb.əˈɹɪd͡ʒ.ɪn.l̩/ n
Aborygen Aborygenka
original inhabitant of Australia

Abraham /ˈeɪ.bɹæm/ /ˈeɪ.bɹə.hæm/ /ˈeɪ.bɹə.həm/ /ˈeɪ.bɹəˌhæm/ pn
Abraham
prophet in the Old Testament
male given name
surname

Abraham's bosom pn
łono Abrahama
waiting place for the faithful dead

Abrahamic /eɪ.bɹəˈhæm.ɪk/ adj
Abrahamowy
pertaining to Abraham
abrahamiczny abrahamowy
pertaining to Abrahamic religions

Abrahamism n
abrahamizm
Abrahamic religions collectively

Abrahamite n
Abrahamita
member of 18th century sect

Abram /ˈeɪ.bɹəm/ pn
Abram
Old Testament patriarch

Abruka pn
Abruka
Estonian island located in the Gulf of Riga

Abruzzian adj
abruzyjski
of, from or relating to Abruzzo

Abruzzian n
Abruzyjczyk
native of Abruzzo

Abruzzo pn
Abruzja
region of central Italy

Absalom /ˈæb.sə.ləm/ pn
Absalom
Biblical character

Absolute /ˈæb.səˌlut/ /ˈæb.səˌluːt/ n
absolut

Abu Dhabi /ˈɑ.bu ˈdæ.bi/ /ˈɑ.bu ˈdɑ.bi/ /ˈɑ.bu ˈðɑ.bi/ pn
Abu Zabi
capital of UAE

Abuja /əˈbuːd͡ʒə/ pn
Abudża
The capital city of Nigeria

Abundius pn
Abundiusz
male given name

Abyssinia /ˌæb.əˈsɪn.i.ə/ /ˌæb.əˈsɪn.jə/ /ˌæb.ɪˈsɪn.i.ə/ pn
Abisynia
historical name of the Ethiopian Empire - Ethiopia and Eritrea

Abyssinian /ˌæb.əˈsɪn.i.ən/ /ˌæb.əˈsɪn.jən/ /ˌæb.ɪˈsɪn.i.ən/ /ˌæb.ɪˈsɪn.ɪ.ən/ adj
abisyński
of or pertaining to Abyssinia

Abyssinian /ˌæb.əˈsɪn.i.ən/ /ˌæb.əˈsɪn.jən/ /ˌæb.ɪˈsɪn.i.ən/ /ˌæb.ɪˈsɪn.ɪ.ən/ n
Abisyńczyk Abisynka
a native of Abyssinia
abisynka abisyńczyk kot abisyński
cat

Abyssinian well n
studnia abisyńska

Acarnania pn
Akarnania
region of Greece

Accra /ə.ˈkɹɑ/ /ˈæk.ɹə/ pn
Akra
capital of Ghana

Achaea pn
Achaja
a region in the northern head of the Peloponnese

Achaemenid /əˈkiːmənɪd/ /əˈkɛmənɪd/ adj
achemenidzki
relating to the dynasty which ruled the Persian empire c. 550–330 BCE

Achilles /əˈkɪliːz/ pn
Achilles
Greek mythical hero

Achilles heel /əˌkɪl.iːz ˈhiːl/ n
pięta Achillesa pięta achillesowa
vulnerability in an otherwise strong situation

Achilles tendon n
ścięgno Achillesa
strong tendon in the calf of the leg

Acmeism /ˈæk.miː.ɪz.əm/ n
akmeizm
a literary movement in early twentieth-century Russia

Acmeist /ˈæk.mi.ɪst/ adj
akmeistyczny
pertaining to Acmeism

Acmeist /ˈæk.mi.ɪst/ n
akmeista akmeistka
a poet member of the Acmeist school

Acre /ˈeɪ.kɚ/ /ˈɑː.kɚ/ pn
Akka
city

Acropolis /əˈkɹɒpəlɪs/ pn
Akropol
Athenian Acropolis

Acts of the Apostles pn
Dzieje Apostolskie
fifth book of the New Testament

Adam /ˈæ.dəm/ [ˈæɾm̩] [ˈæɾəm] pn
Adam
first man in Abrahamic religions
male given name

Adam and Eve pn
Adam i Ewa
the first man and woman (according to Genesis)

Adam's apple n
grdyka jabłko Adama
lump in the throat

Adam's needle n
Adamowa szpilka

Adana pn
Adana
city

Addis Ababa /ˌædɪs ˈæbəbə/ pn
Addis Abeba
capital of Ethiopia

Adela /ə.ˈdɛ.lə/ /ˈæ.də.lə/ pn
Adela
female given name

Adelaide /ˈæ.də.leɪd/ /ˈæ.dɜ.læɪ̯d/ pn
Adelajda
female given name
state capital of South Australia

Aden pn
Aden
seaport of Yemen

Adenese adj
adeński

Adige /ˈadɪdʒeɪ/ pn
Adyga
river in South Tyrol

Adjara /əˈd͡ʒɑːɹə/ pn
Adżaria
autonomous republic of Georgia

Adjaran adj
adżarski
of, from, or pertaining to Adjara or its people

Adjaran n
Adżar Adżarka
person

Adonis /əˈdoʊ.nɪs/ /əˈdɑn.ɪs/ /əˈdɒn.ɪs/ n
adonis
beautiful man

Adonis /əˈdoʊ.nɪs/ /əˈdɑn.ɪs/ /əˈdɒn.ɪs/ pn
Adonis
the young man loved by Aphrodite
male given name

Adrian /ˈeɪ.dɹiː.ən/ pn
Adrian
male given name

Adriatic /ˌeɪ.dɹiˈæt.ɪk/ adj
adriatycki
of or pertaining to the Adriatic

Adriatic Sea /eɪ.dɹiˈæt.ɪk/ pn
Morze Adriatyckie
sea that stretches from the Ionian Sea to the Gulf of Venice

Advaita /əd.ˈvaɪ.tə/ pn
adwaita adwajta
Hindu doctrine holding that differences in the human condition are illusory

Advent pn
adwent
season before Christmas

Advent calendar n
kalendarz adwentowy
calendar used to count down the days of Advent

Advent wreath n
wieniec adwentowy
usually evergreen wreath adorned with four candles

Adventism n
adwentyzm
Adventist Christian movement founded by William Miller

Adventist adj
adwentystyczny
relating to Seventh-day Adventism / the Seventh-day Adventist Church
relating to believers in the Second Advent of Jesus; relating to Adventism

Adventist n
adwentysta adwentystka
member of the Seventh-day Adventist Church
adwentystka adwentysta
believer in the Second Advent of Jesus; an advocate of Adventism

Adygea /ɑːdɪˈɡeɪ.ə/ pn
Adygeja
republic of south-west Russia

Adyghe /ɑːdɪˈɡeɪ/ /ˈɑː.dɪ.ɡeɪ/ pn
adygejski
language spoken in the Republic of Adygea

Aeaea /iːˈ(j)iː.ə/ pn
Ajaja
mythical island home to Circe

Aegean /iˈd͡ʒi.ən/ adj
egejski
of or relating to the Aegean Sea

Aegean Sea /əˈdʒi.ən ˈsi/ pn
Morze Egejskie
sea of the northeastern part of the Mediterranean Sea

Aegina /iˈd͡ʒaɪnə/ pn
Egina
island

Aeneas /ɪˈniː.əs/ pn
Eneasz
Trojan hero

Aeneid /əˈniː.ɪd/ /ˈiː.ni.ɪd/ pn
Eneida
Classic epic poem that tells the story of Aeneas fleeing Troy and settling in Italy.

Aeolus /iˈoʊləs/ pn
Eol
character in Greek mythology

Aeroflot pn
Aerofłot
Russian airline

Aeronian pn
aeron
subdivision of the Silurian period

Aeschylus /ˈɛ.skə.ləs/ /ˈɛs.kə.ləs/ pn
Ajschylos
Greek tragedian

Aesculapian snake n
wąż Eskulapa
a European species of nonvenomous snake, Zamenis longissimus, syn. Coluber longissimus, associated with Aesculapius in Ancient Greek mythology

Aesculapius /ˌiːskjʊˈleɪpɪəs/ pn
Eskulap
Roman god

Aesop /ˈiːsɒp/ pn
Ezop
ancient Greek author

Aesopian /iːˈsoʊpi.ən/ /iːˈsəʊpɪən/ adj
ezopowy
related to Aesop

Aether pn
Ajter Eter
Greek primordial deity

Aetna /ˈɛtnə/ pn
Ajtne
Sicilian nymph

Aetolia /iːˈtəʊ.liː.ə/ pn
Etolia
region of Greece

Aetolian adj
etolski
of or relating to Aetolia

Aetolian n
Etol Etolczyk Etolka
native of Aetolia

Afar n
Afar
member of this people

Afar pn
Afar
region
afarski
language

Affenpinscher n
pinczer małpi
Affenpinscher

Afghan /ˈæf(ˌ)ɡɑːn/ /ˈæfɡən/ /ˈæfˌɡæn/ adj
afgański
pertaining to Afghanistan
pasztuński
pertaining to Pashtun

Afghan /ˈæf(ˌ)ɡɑːn/ /ˈæfɡən/ /ˈæfˌɡæn/ n
Afgan Afganka Pasztun Pasztunka
person of Pashtun ethnicity
Afgańczyk Afganka
person from Afghanistan
afgan chart afgański
Afghan hound

Afghan /ˈæf(ˌ)ɡɑːn/ /ˈæfɡən/ /ˈæfˌɡæn/ pn
afgański paszto pasztuński
Pashto language

Afghan Hound /ˌæfɡæn ˈhau̯nd/ n
chart afgański
Afghan Hound

Afghanistan /æfˈɡæn.ɪˌstæn/ /æfˈɡæn.ɪˌstɑːn/ /æfˈɡɑːn.ɪˌstɑːn/ pn
Afganistan
country

Africa /ɛfrɨkə/ /ˈæf.ɹɪ.kə/ pn
Afryka
continent

African /ˈæf.ɹɪ.kən/ adj
afrykański
of or pertaining to Africa

African /ˈæf.ɹɪ.kən/ n
Afrykanin Afrykanka
a native of Africa

African blue tit n
modraszka kanaryjska
Cyanistes teneriffae

African buffalo n
bawół afrykański
large bovid

African hunting dog n
likaon likaon pstry
Lycaon pictus

African jacana n
długoszpon afrykański
Actophilornis africanus

African violet n
sępolia
perennial plant of the genus Saintpaulia

African-American [ˈæfɹʷɪkən əˈmɛɹʷɪkən] adj
afroamerykański
American and black

African-American [ˈæfɹʷɪkən əˈmɛɹʷɪkən] n
Afroamerykanin Afroamerykanka
A black American

Africanism n
afrykanizm
Eurocentric representation of Africans

Africanization n
afrykanizacja
the act or process of Africanizing

Africanize v
afrykanizować
to make African

Africanness n
afrykańskość
the state or quality of being African

Afrikaans /ˌɑːfɹɪˈkɑːnz/ adj
afrykanerski
of or pertaining to the Afrikaans language

Afrikaans /ˌɑːfɹɪˈkɑːnz/ pn
afrikaans afrykanerski
language

Afrikaner /ˌæfɹɪˈkɑːnɚ/ n
Afrykaner Afrykanerka
member of ethnic group

Afro- /ˈæfɹoʊ-/ prefix
afro-
African

Agadir pn
Agadir
a city in Morocco

Agamemnon /ˌæɡəˈmɛmnɒn/ /ˌæɡəˈmɛmnən/ pn
Agamemnon
Greek hero

Agatha /ˈæɡəθə/ pn
Agata
female given name

Age of Enlightenment pn
Oświecenie oświecenie
period of history

Aghori n
aghori
an order of Hindu ascetics

Agnes /ˈæɡ.nɪs/ pn
Agnieszka Jagna
female given name

Agra pn
Agra
city in India

Ahriman pn
Aryman
the hypostasis of chaos, destruction, evil in Zoroastrianism

Ainu /ˈaɪnuː/ n
Ajnos Ajnoska
member of an ethnic group

Ainu /ˈaɪnuː/ pn
ajnuski
language

Aion pn
Aion
Greek god associate with time, the universe and the zodiac

Aisha /aɪˈiːʃə/ pn
Aisza
female given name

Ajax /ˈeɪ.d͡ʒæks/ pn
Ajas
either of two heroes of the Trojan War

Ajman pn
Adżman
one of the United Arab Emirates

Akan pn
akan
Niger-Congo language
language group spoken in Ghana

Akkadian /əˈkeɪ.di.ən/ /əˈkɑ.di.ən/ adj
akadyjski
pertaining to the language

Akkadian /əˈkeɪ.di.ən/ /əˈkɑ.di.ən/ pn
akadyjski
Semitic language

Al Jazeera /æl dʒəˈziːɹə/ pn
Al-Dżazira
Arabic satellite TV news channel

Alabama /ˌæ.lə.ˈbæ.mə/ pn
Alabama
U.S. State
river

Aladdin /əˈlædɪn/ pn
Aladyn
the fictional young man
the Arabic tale

Alanic /əˈleɪnɪk/ /əˈlɑnɪk/ /əˈlɑːnɪk/ adj
alański
of or pertaining to Alans or their language

Alaska /əˈlæs.kə/ pn
Alaska
US state

Alaska pollock n
mintaj
Gadus chalcogrammus

Alaskan /əˈlæskən/ adj
alaskański alaski alaskijski
of or pertaining to Alaska, its people or its culture

Alaskan /əˈlæskən/ n
Alaskanin Alaskanka Alaskijczyk Alaskijka
someone from Alaska

Albania /ælˈbeɪ.ni.ə/ /ɔːlˈbeɪ.ni.ə/ pn
Albania
country in south-eastern Europe

Albanian /ælˈbeɪ.ni.ən/ adj
albański
of or pertaining to Albania

Albanian /ælˈbeɪ.ni.ən/ n
Albańczyk Albanka albański
person from Albania

Albanian /ælˈbeɪ.ni.ən/ pn
albański
language

Alberta /ˌælˈbɜː(ɹ).tə/ pn
Alberta
province

Alcaic /ælˈkeɪ.ɪk/ adj
alcejski
pertaining to a type of verse invented by the Greek poet Alcaeus

Alchevsk pn
Ałczewsk
city

Alcibiades /ˌælsəˈbaɪədiz/ pn
Alkibiades Alcybiades
Greek name

Alcmene /ælkˈmiːni/ pn
Alkmena
the wife of Amphitryon and mother, by Zeus, of Heracles

Alcoholics Anonymous pn
Anonimowi Alkoholicy
proper noun

Aldebaran /alˈdɛbəɹən/ pn
Aldebaran
star

Alecto pn
Alekto
Greek goddess of vengeance

Alectryon pn
Alektryon
character in Greek mythology

Aleppo /əˈlɛpoʊ/ /əˈlɛpəʊ/ pn
Aleppo
city in Syria

Aleut /əˈluːt/ /ˈæ.liːˌuːt/ /ˌæ.liːˈuːt/ adj
aleucki
of the Aleutian Islands

Aleut /əˈluːt/ /ˈæ.liːˌuːt/ /ˌæ.liːˈuːt/ n
Aleuta Aleutka
native of the Aleutian Islands

Aleut /əˈluːt/ /ˈæ.liːˌuːt/ /ˌæ.liːˈuːt/ pn
aleucki
language of the Aleutian Islands

Aleutian Islands /ˌæliːˈuːʃən ˈɑɪlændz/ pn
Aleuty
archipelago

Alexander /ˌa.lɪɡˈzɑːn.də/ /ˌæ.lɪɡˈzæn.dɚ/ [ˌæ.lɪɡˈzeən.də] [ˌæ.lɪɡˈzeən.dɚ] pn
Aleksander Aleksy
male given name

Alexander the Great pn
Aleksander Wielki Aleksander Macedoński
King of Macedonia

Alexandra /ˌæ.lɪɡˈzæn.dɹə/ /ˌæ.lɪɡˈzɑn.dɹə/ /ˌæ.lɪɡˈzɑːn.dɹə/ [ˌæ.lɪɡˈzeən.dɹə] pn
Aleksandra
female given name

Alexandria /æləkˈzændɹi.ə/ /æləɡˈzændɹi.ə/ pn
Aleksandria
city in Egypt

Alexandroupoli pn
Aleksandropolis
city

Alexia pn
Aleksja
female given name

Alexius pn
Aleksy
male given name

Alfonso /ælˈfɑnzoʊ/ pn
Alfons
male given name

Algeria /ælˈdʒɪəɹi.ə/ /ælˈdʒɪɹi.ə/ pn
Algieria
country

Algerian /ælˈd͡ʒɪɹi.ən/ adj
algierski
of Algeria or its people

Algerian /ælˈd͡ʒɪɹi.ən/ n
Algierczyk Algierka
person from Algeria

Alghero /alˈɡɛəɹəʊ/ /ɑlˈɡɛɹoʊ/ pn
Alghero
port town in Sardinia

Algic pn
algijski
language family

Algiers /ælˈdʒɪə(ɹ)z/ /ælˈd͡ʒiɹz/ pn
Algier
the capital of Algeria

Ali Baba n
Ali Baba
a fictional character

Alice /ˈæl.ɪs/ pn
Alicja
female given name

All Saints' Day pn
Wszystkich Świętych
feast day

All Souls' Day pn
Dzień Zaduszny Zaduszki
Christian feast day

Allah /əˈlɑː/ /ˈæ.lə/ /ˈɑːlɑː/ /ˈɑːlə/ /ˌɑːˈlɑː/ pn
Allah Allach Ałłach
God, in Islam

Allahu akbar /əˌlɑːhuː ˈakbɑː/ /ˌaləhuː ˈakbɑː/ interjection
Allach akbar Allachu akbar
Muslim takbir (proclamation)

Allasch n
alasz

Almaty pn
Ałmaty Ałma Ata
city

Almazna pn
Ałmazna
city

Almería /ˌælməˈɹi.ə/ /ˌɑːlməˈɹi.ə/ pn
Almeria Almería
city in Andalusia

Almighty /ɔːlˈmaɪti/ pn
Wszechmogący
God, the supreme being

Aloysius /æl.əʊˈɪs.ɪəs/ /æl.əʊˈɪʃ.əs/ pn
Alojzy
male given name

Alpha Centauri pn
Alfa Centauri
brightest star in the southern constellation of Centaurus

Alpheus /ælˈfiːəs/ pn
Alfeusz
male given name

Alpine /ˈæl.paɪn/ /ˈæl.pɪn/ adj
alpejski
relating to the Alps

Alps /ælps/ pn
Alpy
a mountain range in Western Europe

Alsace /ælˈseɪs/ /ælˈsæs/ /ˈæl.seɪs/ /ˈæl.sæs/ pn
Alzacja
region on the west bank of the upper Rhine

Alsace-Lorraine pn
Alzacja-Lotaryngia
historical state of Germany

Alsatian /ælˈseɪʃən/ adj
alzacki
of or relating to Alsace

Alsatian /ælˈseɪʃən/ n
Alzatczyk Alzatka
person from Alsace

Alsatian /ælˈseɪʃən/ pn
alzacki
language of Alsace

Altai pn
Ałtaj
mountain range

Altai Republic pn
Republika Ałtaju
federal subject of Russia

Altaic /ælˈteɪ.ɪk/ adj
ałtajski
pertaining to the group of languages

Altair /ˈæltaɪə(ɹ)/ /ˈɔːltaɪə(ɹ)/ /ˈɔːltɛə(ɹ)/ /ˌɑltaɪˈɪə(ɹ)/ pn
Altair
star

Alumel n
alumel

Alupka pn
Ałupka
city

Alushta pn
Ałuszta
city

Alvin /ˈælvɪn/ pn
Alvin
male given name meaning "elf friend"

Alytus /ə.liːˈtʊs/ /əˈliːtəs/ pn
Olita
city in Lithuania

Alzheimer's disease /ˈæl(t)shaɪmə(ɹ)z/ /ˈɑːl(t)shaɪmə(ɹ)z/ /ˈɔːl(t)shaɪmə(ɹ)z/ /ˈɔːlzhaɪmə(ɹ)z/ n
alzheimer choroba Alzheimera
mental disorder from brain tissue changes

Amadeus /ˌæməˈdeɪəs/ pn
Amadeusz
male given name

Amalthea pn
Amaltea
third most distant moon Jupiter
Amalteja
goat or nymph who suckled Zeus

Amanda /əˈmændə/ [əˈmɛəndə] pn
Amanda
female given name

Amaterasu /ɑːmətɛɹˈɑːsuː/ pn
Amaterasu
Japanese sun goddess

Amazon /-ɒn/ /ˈæm.ə.zɔn/ /ˈæm.ə.zən/ /ˈæm.əˌzɑn/ /ˈɛm.ə.zɔn/ n
Amazonka
Mythological female warrior

Amazon /-ɒn/ /ˈæm.ə.zɔn/ /ˈæm.ə.zən/ /ˈæm.əˌzɑn/ /ˈɛm.ə.zɔn/ pn
Amazonka
river

Amazonas pn
Amazonas
state of Brazil

Amazonia /ˌæm.əˈzəʊ.ni.ə/ pn
Amazonia
region

Amazonian antshrike n
chronka amazońska
Thamnophilus amazonicus

Ambrose /ˈæmbɹoʊz/ /ˈæmbɹəʊz/ pn
Ambroży
male given name

Amelia /əˈmiːli.ə/ /əˈmiːljə/ pn
Amelia
female given name

American /əˈmɛɹ.ɪ.kən/ /əˈmɝ.ə.kən/ adj
amerykański
of or pertaining to the Americas
of or pertaining to the U.S., its people or its culture

American /əˈmɛɹ.ɪ.kən/ /əˈmɝ.ə.kən/ n
Amerykanin Amerykanka
person born in, or a citizen of, the U.S.
inhabitant of the Americas

American Bulldog n
buldog amerykański
American Bulldog

American Civil War pn
wojna secesyjna
civil war in the United States (1861-1865)

American Dream n
amerykański sen
determination
philosophy

American English pn
amerykański amerykański angielski amerykańszczyzna
English of the United States

American Samoa /əˈmɛɹ.ɪ.kən səˈmoʊ.ə/ /əˈmɛɹ.ɪ.kən səˈməʊ.ə/ pn
Samoa Amerykańskie
US overseas territory in Oceania

American alligator n
aligator amerykański
Alligator mississippiensis

American bison /əˈmɛɹɪkən ˈbaɪ̯sən/ n
bizon
mammal

American bittern n
bąk amerykański
Botaurus lentiginosus

American black bear n
baribal niedźwiedź czarny
Ursus americanus

American black duck n
Brązówka
Anas rubripes

American cliff swallow n
jaskółka rdzawoszyja
Petrochelidon pyrrhonota

American football n
futbol amerykański futbol
American football

American foulbrood n
zgnilec amerykański
bee disease caused by the bacterium Paenibacillus larvae

American mink n
norka amerykańska wizon wizon amerykański
Mustela vison

American robin n
drozd wędrowny
Turdus migratorius

American studies n
amerykanistyka
an interdisciplinary field dealing with the study of the Americas, with a historical emphasis upon the United States

American sweetgum n
ambrowiec amerykański
deciduous tree

American tree sparrow n
spizela drzewna
Spizelloides arborea

American wigeon n
świstun amerykański
Anas americana

Americana /əˌmɛɹɪˈkeɪnə/ /əˌmɛɹɪˈkænə/ /əˌmɛɹɪˈkɑːnə/ n
amerykańszczyzna
all things American

Americanisation n
amerykanizacja
assimilation

Americanism n
amerykanizm
custom
linguistic feature

Americanist n
amerykanista amerykanistka
expert in the study of America

Americanistic adj
amerykanistyczny
relating to American studies

Americanize v
amerykanizować zamerykanizować
to make American

Americanness /əˈmɛɹəkənəs/ /əˈmɛɹɪkənəs/ n
amerykańskość
quality of being American

Americas /əˈmɛɹəkəz/ pn
Ameryka
North and South America

Americophilic adj
proamerykański

Amharic /æmˈhæɹɪk/ pn
amharski
language

Amman /ɑːˈmɑːn/ /əˈmɑːn/ pn
Amman
the capital of Jordan

Amorgos pn
Amorgos
a village in Greece
an island in Greece

Amorite /ˈæ.məˌɹaɪt/ /ˈæ.mɚˌaɪt/ [ˈɛə̯mɚ.ʌɪ̯t̚] n
Amoryta Amorytka
member of an ancient Semitic people who lived to the west of the Euphrates

Amos /ˈeɪ.məs/ pn
Amos Księga Amosa
figure mentioned in the Old Testament
Księga Amosa Amos
book of the Old Testament

Amphitrite /ˌæm.fɪˈtɹaɪ.ti/ pn
Amfitryta
Greek goddess

Amphitryon n
amfitrion

Amsterdam /ˈæmstəɹˌdæm/ /ˌæmstəˈdæm/ pn
Amsterdam
capital of the Netherlands

Amu Darya /ˌɑːmuːˈdɑːɹɪə/ pn
Amu-daria
river

Amur pn
Amur
the river between the Far East Russia and China

Amur falcon n
kobczyk amurski
Falco amurensis

Amvrosiivka pn
Amwrosijiwka
city

Anabaptism /ænəˈbæptɪzm/ n
anabaptyzm
doctrine of Anabaptists

Anabaptist adj
anabaptystyczny
relating to Anabaptism or the Anabaptists during the Protestant Reformation

Anabaptist n
anabaptysta anabaptystka
member of radical wing of Christians during Reformation

Anafi pn
Anafi
island

Ananiv pn
Ananiów Anańjiw
city

Anansi pn
Anansi
trickster spider in West African and Caribbean folklore

Anastasia /æn.ə.ˈsteɪ.ʃi.ə/ /æn.ə.ˈsteɪ.ʃə/ /æn.ə.ˈsteɪ.ʒə/ /æn.ə.ˈstɑ.si.ə/ /æn.əˈsteɪ.ʒi.ə/ /ɑ.nə.ˈstɑ.si.ə/ /ɑ.nə.ˈstɑ.ʃə/ pn
Anastazja
female given name

Anastasius pn
Anastazy Anastazjusz
male given name

Anatoli /æ.nə.ˈtoʊ.li/ /æ.nə.ˈtɑ.li/ /ˌæ.nə.ˈtɒ.li/ /ˌæ.nə.ˈtəʊ.li/ pn
Anatol
transliteration of }}

Anatolia /ˌænəˈtəʊli.ə/ pn
Anatolia
peninsula of Western Asia

Anatolian /anəˈtəʊlɪən/ /ænəˈtoʊliən/ adj
anatolijski
of or pertaining to Anatolia or its people, culture, etc.

Anatolian /anəˈtəʊlɪən/ /ænəˈtoʊliən/ n
Anatolijka Anatolijczyk
native or inhabitant of Anatolia

Anatolius pn
Anatol
male given name

Ancien Régime pn
Ancien Régime
aristocratic system in France before the French Revolution

Ancient Greece pn
Starożytna Grecja
ancient civilization of the Mediterranean

Ancient Greek pn
starożytna greka starogrecki
the Greek language of classical antiquity

Ancient Rome pn
Starożytny Rzym
civilization associated with Rome from the 9th century BC to the 5th century AD

Andalusia /ˌændəluːˈsiːə/ /ˌændəˈluːsi.ə/ /ˌændəˈluːzi.ə/ /ˌændəˈluːʃə/ /ˌændəˈluːʒə/ pn
Andaluzja
autonomous community of Spain

Andaman Sea pn
Morze Andamańskie
part of the Indian Sea east of the Andaman Islands and west of Thailand

Andean /ænˈdiː.ən/ /ˈæn.di.ən/ adj
andyjski
of or pertaining to the Andes mountains

Anderson /ˈæn.dɚ.sən/ pn
Andrzejewicz
surname meaning "son of Andrew"

Andes /ˈæn.diːz/ pn
Andy
mountain range in South America

Andijan pn
Andiżan

Andorra /ænˈdoɹ.ə/ /ænˈdɔː.ɹə/ [ænˈdo̞ɹ.ə] pn
Andora
country

Andorra la Vella /ænˈdɔː.ɹə lə ˈveɪl.jə/ /ˈveɪ.ə/ /ˈvɛl.jə/ pn
Andorra Andora
capital of Andorra

Andorran /ænˈdɔːɹən/ adj
andorski
pertaining to Andorra

Andorran /ænˈdɔːɹən/ n
Andorczyk Andorka
person from Andorra

Andrew /ˈæn.dɹuː/ [ˈeᵊnˌd̠ɹ̠˔ʷʊ̈u] [ˈænˌd̠ɹ̠ʷ˔ʊ̈u] pn
Andrzej
the Apostle
Andrzej Jędrzej
male given name

Andromache /ænˈdɹɒməki/ pn
Andromacha
the wife of Hector

Andromeda /ænˈdɹɑmɪdə/ /ænˈdɹɒmɪdə/ pn
Andromeda
constellation
mythical daughter of Cepheus
spiral galaxy

Andromeda Galaxy pn
Galaktyka Andromedy

Andrushivka pn
Andruszówka
city

Andøya pn
Andøya
largest island of the Vesterålen archipelago

Angara pn
Angara
river in Russia

Angelus n
Anioł Pański
Christian devotion in memory of the Incarnation

Angevin adj
andegaweński
pertaining to Anjou

Angevin n
Andegawenka Andegaweńczyk
native of Anjou

Angkor Wat /ˈɑŋ.kɔɹ ˈwɑt/ pn
Angkor Wat
Cambodian temple complex

Angle /ˈæŋ.ɡəl/ n
Angl
a member of the ancient Germanic tribe

Anglia pn
Anglia
region of England

Anglican /ˈæŋ.ɡlɪ.kən/ adj
anglikański
pertaining to the Church of England and related churches

Anglican /ˈæŋ.ɡlɪ.kən/ n
anglikanin anglikanka
member of an Anglican church

Anglican Communion pn
Wspólnota Anglikańska
worldwide network of churches

Anglicanism n
anglikanizm
beliefs and practices of the Anglican Church

Anglicist n
anglista anglistka
expert on Anglistics

Anglo- /ˈæŋ.ɡləʊ/ prefix
anglo-
prefix: relating to England, English, or the English

Anglo-Egyptian Sudan /ˌæŋɡləʊ ɪˌdʒɪpʃən suːˈdɑːn/ pn
Sudan Anglo-Egipski
Sudan, during the time when it was ruled jointly by Egypt and the United Kingdom

Anglo-Saxon /ˌæŋ.ɡloʊˈsæk.sən/ /ˌæŋ.ɡləʊˈsæk.sən/ adj
anglosaski
related to the Anglo-Saxon peoples or language

Anglo-Saxon /ˌæŋ.ɡloʊˈsæk.sən/ /ˌæŋ.ɡləʊˈsæk.sən/ n
Anglosas
member of the Germanic peoples who settled in England during the early fifth century

Anglomania n
anglomania
exaggerated enthusiasm for anything English

Anglomaniac n
angloman
one affected with Anglomania

Anglophile n
anglofil angloman
person who loves or admires the country, culture or people of England

Anglophilia /ˌæŋ.ɡləʊˈfɪ.li.ə/ n
anglofilia anglofilizm anglofilstwo
the love of the country, culture or people of England

Anglophilic /ˌæŋ.ɡlə.ˈfɪ.lɪk/ adj
anglofilski
fond of what is English

Anglophobe /ˈaŋ.ɡlə(ʊ).fəʊb/ n
anglofob
person who dislikes or fears England, its people or anything English

Anglophobia n
anglofobia
hatred or fear of England or anything English

Anglophone /ˈæŋɡləˌfəʊn/ adj
angielskojęzyczny anglojęzyczny
English-speaking

Anglophone /ˈæŋɡləˌfəʊn/ n
anglofon
one who speaks English

Angola /æŋˈɡoʊlə/ /æŋˈɡəʊlə/ n
Angola
country in Southern Africa

Angolan /æŋˈɡoʊlən/ adj
angolski
of, from or pertaining to Angola or its people

Angolan /æŋˈɡoʊlən/ n
Angolczyk Angolka
person from Angola or of Angolan descent

Angrapa pn
Węgorapa
river

Anguilla /æŋˈɡwɪ.lə/ pn
Anguilla
British overseas territory in the Caribbean

Ani pn
Ani
a ruined medieval Armenian city-site

Anita /əˈniːtə/ pn
Anita
female given name

Anjou /ˈɒnʒuː/ pn
Andegawenia
former county of France

Ankara /ˈæŋ.kə.ɹə/ pn
Ankara
capital of Turkey

Ann /eən/ /æn/ pn
Anna
female given name

Anna's hummingbird n
koliberek żarogłowy

Annas pn
Annasz
A Jewish high priest in the first century CE.

Annette /əˈnɛt/ pn
Aneta
female given name

Anno Domini adv
Anno Domini
in the year of our Lord

Anointing of the Sick pn
namaszczenie chorych ostatnie namaszczenie
sacrament

Anschluss /ˈan.ʃlʊs/ n
Anschluss anszlus
the annexation of Austria into Germany in 1938 or an analogy

Anselm /ˈanˌsɛlm/ /ˈænˌsɛlm/ [ˈænˌsɛlm] pn
Anzelm
male given name

Antabuse n
antabus
medicine for the treatment of alcoholism

Antaeus pn
Antajos Anteusz
son of Poseidon

Antananarivo pn
Antananarywa
city

Antarctic /ænˈtɑɹ(k)tɪk/ /ænˈtɑː(k)tɪk/ adj
antarktyczny antarktydzki
pertaining to Antarctica

Antarctic /ænˈtɑɹ(k)tɪk/ /ænˈtɑː(k)tɪk/ pn
Antarktyka
Major ecozone

Antarctic Circle pn
koło podbiegunowe południowe
geographical line

Antarctic Peninsula pn
Półwysep Antarktyczny
the northernmost part of the mainland of Antarctica

Antarctica /enˈtɐːktɪkə/ /ænˈtɑɹ(k)tɪkə/ /ˌænˈtɑː(k)tɪkə/ /ˌænˈɑːtɪkə/ [æˈɾ̃ɑɹɾɪkə] pn
Antarktyda
southernmost continent

Antares pn
Antares
star

Anthony /ˈæn.tə.ni/ /ˈæn.θə.ni/ pn
Antoni Antek
given name

Anthropocene /ænˈθɹɑp.əˌsin/ /ˈæn.θɹə.pəˌsin/ /ˈæn.θɹə.pəˌsiːn/ pn
antropocen
the current geological period

Anthropozoic adj
antropozoiczny

Antichrist pn
Antychryst
one under the direct control of the Devil

Antifa /ænˈtiːfə/ /ˈæntifɑː/ pn
Antifa
anti-fascist movement

Antigua and Barbuda /ænˌti.ɡ(w)ə ənd bɑɹˈbju.də/ /ænˌtiː.ɡə ən(d) bɑːˈbjuː.də/ pn
Antigua i Barbuda
country

Antiguan /ænˈtiːɡən/ adj
antiguański
of, from, or pertaining to Antigua, or the Antiguan people

Antiochian /ˌæntiˈoʊkiən/ /ˌæntiˈɑkiən/ /ˌæntiˈɒkiən/ adj
antiocheński
of or pertaining to ancient Antioch

Antipater pn
Antypater
Macedonian general

Antiqua n
antykwa

Antiquity pn
starożytność
period of history

Antlia pn
Pompa
constellation

Antonia /ænˈtəʊni.ə/ /ænˈtəʊnjə/ pn
Antonia
female given name

Antonina pn
Antonina
female given name

Antonovka n
Antonówka antonówka
apple cultivar

Antratsyt pn
Antracyt
city

Antwerp /ˈæn.twɝp/ pn
Antwerpia
city
province

Anubis pn
Anubis
Egyptian god of the dead and tombs

Aosta /ɑːˈɒstə/ pn
Aosta
city in Italy

Apache /ə.ˈpæ.t͡ʃi/ n
Apacz Apaczka
Apache person
Apacze
Apache people

Apennine /ˈæpənaɪn/ adj
apeniński
pertaining to the Apennines

Aphrodite /æfɹoʊˈdaɪti/ /æfɹəˈdaɪti/ pn
Afrodyta
Greek goddess

Apia pn
Apia
capital of Samoa

Apocalypse /əˈpɑkəlɪps/ /əˈpɒkəlɪps/ pn
Apokalipsa Apokalipsa Świętego Jana
book of the Bible
apokalipsa Apokalipsa Świętego Jana
the written account of a revelation of hidden things given by God to a chosen prophet

Apocrypha pn
apokryf
writings recognized by some but not all Christians

Apollo /əˈpɑloʊ/ /əˈpɒləʊ/ pn
Apollo
the son of Zeus
apollo
a very handsome young man

Apollonia pn
Apolonia
female given name

Apostle n
apostoł
any of the group of twelve disciples

Apostles' Creed pn
Skład Apostolski Symbol Apostolski
statement of Christian belief

Apostolove pn
Apostołowo
city

April /ˈeɪ.pɹaɪl/ /ˈeɪ.pɹəl/ /ˈeɪ.pɹɪl/ pn
kwiecień
fourth month of the Gregorian calendar

April Fools' Day n
prima aprilis
First day of April

April fool n
prank primaaprilisowy
practical joke played on April Fools' Day

Aptian pn
apt
subdivision of the Early Cretaceous epoch

Apuleius /ˌæpjuˈli.əs/ pn
Apulejusz
author in the Roman Empire

Apulia pn
Apulia
region of Italy

Apulian /əˈpuːliːən/ adj
apulijski
of or pertaining to Apulia

Apulian /əˈpuːliːən/ n
Apulijczyk Apulijka
resident of Apulia

Apus /ˈeɪpəs/ pn
Ptak Rajski
a constellation of the southern sky

Aquarius /əˈkwɛə.ɹɪ.əs/ /əˈkwɛɚ.i.əs/ pn
Wodnik
astrological sign
constellation

Aquila /ˈækwələ/ /ˈækwɪlə/ /ˈɑːkwələ/ pn
Orzeł
constellation

Aquitaine /ˈækwɪteɪn/ /ˌækwɪˈteɪn/ pn
Akwitania
former region of France

Aquitanian adj
akwitański
of or pertaining to Aquitania
of or pertaining to the Aquitanian Age

Ara /ˈeɪ.ɹə/ /ˈɛɹ.ə/ pn
Ołtarz
constellation

Arab /ˈeɪ.ɹæb/ /ˈæɹ.əb/ /ˈɛɹ.əb/ adj
arabski
of or pertaining to Arabs and their nations

Arab /ˈeɪ.ɹæb/ /ˈæɹ.əb/ /ˈɛɹ.əb/ n
Arab Arabka Arabus
Semitic person
arab Arab
horse

Arab Republic of Egypt pn
Arabska Republika Egiptu
Official name of Egypt

Arab Spring pn
Arabska wiosna
movement

Arab World pn
świat arabski
Arabic speaking world

Arabia /əˈɹeɪbiə/ pn
Arabia
region
Półwysep Arabski
a peninsula between the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf

Arabian /əˈɹeɪ.bi.ən/ adj
arabski
related to Arabia

Arabian /əˈɹeɪ.bi.ən/ n
Arab arabus
person
arab
horse

Arabian Peninsula pn
Półwysep Arabski
peninsula in the Middle East

Arabian Sea pn
Morze Arabskie
part of the Indian Ocean

Arabian jasmine n
dzielżamin wielkolistny jaśmin sambac jaśmin sambak jaśmin wielkolistny
Jasminum sambac, a shrubby, fragrant vine

Arabian oryx n
oryks arabski
Oryx leucoryx

Arabic /ˈæ.ɹə.bɪk/ /ˈæɹ.ə.bɪk/ /ˈɛɹ.ə.bɪk/ adj
arabski
of, from, or pertaining to Arab countries or cultural behaviour

Arabic /ˈæ.ɹə.bɪk/ /ˈæɹ.ə.bɪk/ /ˈɛɹ.ə.bɪk/ pn
arabski arabszczyzna
language

Arabic numeral n
cyfra arabska
any of the ten symbols from 0 through 9

Arabically adv
arabsko
in an Arabic fashion

Arabism n
arabizm
an idiom characteristic of the Arabic language

Arabist /ˈaɹəbɪst/ n
arabista arabistka
a scholar who studies Arab or Arabic culture, politics, or language

Arabophone adj
arabskojęzyczny

Arafura Sea pn
Morze Arafura
sea between Arnhem Land and West Papua

Aragon /ˈæɹəɡən/ /ˈɛɹəɡɑn/ pn
Aragonia
an autonomous community in Spain

Aragonese /ˌærəɡɒˈniːz/ adj
aragoński
from Aragon

Aral Sea /ˈɑːɹəl siː/ pn
Jezioro Aralskie
Aral Sea

Aramaean /æ.ɹəˈmiː.ən/ /æɹ.əˈmiː.ən/ /ɛɹ.əˈmiː.ən/ n
Aramejczyk
member of a West Semitic semi-nomadic and pastoralist people

Aramaic /ˌæ.ɹə.ˈmeɪ.ɪk/ /ˌæɹ.ə.ˈmeɪ.ɪk/ /ˌɛɹ.ə.ˈmeɪ.ɪk/ adj
aramejski
pertaining to the language, alphabet, culture or poetry

Aramaic /ˌæ.ɹə.ˈmeɪ.ɪk/ /ˌæɹ.ə.ˈmeɪ.ɪk/ /ˌɛɹ.ə.ˈmeɪ.ɪk/ pn
aramejski
the language

Ararat /ˈæɹəˌɹæt/ pn
Ararat
mountain

Arbil pn
Irbil
city

Arbëresh /ˌɑːbəˈɹɛʃ/ pn
arbaryjski
form of Albanian spoken in southern Italy

Arc de Triomphe pn
Łuk Triumfalny
the Parisian monument

Arcadia /ɑɹˈkeɪ.di.ə/ /ɑːˈkeɪ.dɪ.ə/ n
Arkadia
a district or a prefecture in the central and mid SE Peloponnese

Arcadius pn
Arkadiusz
male given name

Archaean /ɑɹˈkiːən/ /ɑːˈkiːən/ pn
archaik
Archaean eon

Archaeozoic adj
archeozoiczny
of or pertaining to the Archaeozoic

Archaeozoic pn
archeozoik
period of time determined to exist prior to 2.5 thousand million years ago

Archilochus pn
Archiloch
Ancient Greek name

Archimedes /ˌɑɹ.kəˈmiː.diːz/ /ˌɑːkɪˈmiːdiːz/ /ˌɑːɹkɪˈmiːdiːz/ pn
Archimedes
an ancient Greek mathematician

Archimedes' screw n
śruba Archimedesa
A screwlike device that raises water

Arctic /ˈɑɹ(k)tɪk/ /ˈɑː(k)tɪk/ adj
arktyczny
cold, snowy, or having other properties of extreme winter associated with the Arctic
pertaining to the northern polar region of the planet

Arctic /ˈɑɹ(k)tɪk/ /ˈɑː(k)tɪk/ pn
Arktyka
a region of the Earth

Arctic Ocean pn
Ocean Arktyczny
the smallest of the five oceans of the Earth, on and around the North Pole

Arctic cod n
dorsz arktyczny dorszyk polarny
Arctogadus glacialis

Arctic warbler n
świstunka północna
Phylloscopus borealis

Arcturus /ɑɹkˈtjʊəɹəs/ pn
Arktur
Alpha Boötis

Area 51 pn
Strefa 51
military base in Nevada rumored to contain extraterrestrial life

Areopagite /æɹiːˈɒpəɡaɪt/ n
areopagita
a member of the ancient Athenian conciliary court of the Areopagus

Areopagus /æriˈɒpəɡəs/ pn
areopag
supreme council in Athens

Ares /ˈeəɹiːz/ pn
Ares
Greek god of war

Argand lamp n
kinkiet
a lamp with a circular hollow wick and glass chimney

Argentina /ˌɑɹ.d͡ʒən.ˈti.nə/ /ˌɑː.d͡ʒən.ˈtiː.nə/ pn
Argentyna
Argentine Republic

Argentine /ˈɑː.dʒən.taɪn/ /ˈɑː.dʒən.tiːn/ adj
argentyński
pertaining to Argentina
pertaining to an Argentine or the Argentines

Argentine /ˈɑː.dʒən.taɪn/ /ˈɑː.dʒən.tiːn/ n
Argentyńczyk Argentynka
person from Argentina

Argentine Republic pn
Republika Argentyńska
official name of Argentina

Argo pn
Argo
mythical ship

Argo Navis pn
Okręt Argo
constellation

Argonaut /ˈɑːrɡənɔːt/ pn
Argonauta
member of the Argo crew

Argos pn
Argos
city in Greece

Argus /ˈɑːɡəs/ pn
Argus
giant with many eyes

Argus-eyed adj
argusowe oko
ever vigilant

Ariadne /ˈæ.ɹiˌæd.ni/ /ˌæ.ɹiˈæd.ni/ pn
Ariadna
daughter of King Minos

Arian /ˈɛəɹi.ən/ adj
ariański
pertaining to Arianism

Arian /ˈɛəɹi.ən/ n
arianin arianka
believer of Arian Christianity

Arianism /ˈɛəɹɪənɪzəm/ n
arianizm antytrynitaryzm ariaństwo
nontrinitarian Christian teaching

Aries /ˈɛə.ɹiːz/ /ˈɛɚ.iz/ n
Baran
Someone with an Aries star sign

Aries /ˈɛə.ɹiːz/ /ˈɛɚ.iz/ pn
Baran
astrological sign
constellation

Aristotelian /ˌæɹɪstəˈtiːliən/ adj
arystotelesowy arystotelesowski arystoteliczny
of or pertaining to the philosophy taught by Aristotle

Aristotelian /ˌæɹɪstəˈtiːliən/ n
arystotelik
disciple of Aristotle

Aristotelianism pn
arystotelizm
philosophical system

Aristotle /ˈæɹɪˌstɑtəl/ /ˈæɹɪˌstɒtəl/ /ˈɛɹɪˌstɑtəl/ [ˈæɹɪˌstɑɾɫ̩] [ˈæɹɪˌstɒtᵊɫ̩] [ˈɛɹɪˌstɑɾɫ̩] pn
Arystoteles
ancient Greek philosopher

Arizona /ˌæɹɪˈzoʊnə/ /ˌæɹɪˈzəʊnə/ /ˌɛɹɪˈzoʊnə/ pn
Arizona
a state of the United States of America

Arizonan adj
arizoński
of or pertaining to Arizona

Ark of the Covenant pn
Arka Przymierza
the sacred container, a gold-plated wooden chest

Arkansas /ɑɹˈkæn.zəs/ /ˈɑɹ.kən.sɔ/ pn
Arkansas
US state

Arkhangelsk pn
Archangielsk
city in Russia

Armageddon /-ˈɡɛ.dən/ /ˌɑɹ.məˈɡɛ.dn̩/ /ˌɑː(ɹ).məˈɡɛ.dn̩/ pn
Armagedon
site

Armagnac n
armaniak
brandy

Armenia /ɑɹˈmi.ni.ə/ /ɑːˈmiː.ni.ə/ pn
Armenia
ancient kingdom and country

Armenian /ɑɹˈmini.ən/ /ɑːˈmiːni.ən/ adj
ormiański armeński
of, from, or pertaining to Armenia, Armenians, the language or alphabet

Armenian /ɑɹˈmini.ən/ /ɑːˈmiːni.ən/ n
Armeńczyk Ormianin Armenka Ormianka
person

Armenian /ɑɹˈmini.ən/ /ɑːˈmiːni.ən/ pn
ormiański armeński
language

Armenian Highland pn
Wyżyna Armeńska
plateau

Armenian SSR pn
Armeńska SSR
Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic

Armiansk pn
Armiańsk
city

Arminian n
arminianin
follower the soteriological doctrine of Jacobus Arminius

Arminianism n
arminianizm
school of thought

Armorica /ɑːˈmɒɹɪkə/ pn
Armoryka
historic French region

Aromanian /æɹoʊˈmeɪniən/ /æɹəʊˈmeɪnɪən/ n
Arumun Arumunka
person

Art Deco /ɑːɹ(t) ˈdɛkəʊ/ pn
art déco
style of decorative art and architecture

Art Nouveau pn
secesja
style of art and architecture

Artaxerxes /ˌɑːtə(ɡ)ˈzɜːksiːz/ pn
Artakserkses
the name of several Persian kings

Artemis /ˈɑɹtəmɪs/ pn
Artemida
Greek goddess

Arthur /ˈɑɹθɚ/ /ˈɑːɹtəɹ/ /ˈɑːθə(ɹ)/ pn
Artur
male given name

Arthurian adj
arturiański
pertaining to the legend of King Arthur

Artinskian pn
artinsk

Artsyz pn
Arcyz
city

Aruba /əˈɹuː.bə/ pn
Aruba
territory in the Caribbean

Aruküla pn
Aruküla
small borough in Estonia

Aryan /ˈɑɹi.ən/ /ˈɑɹjən/ /ˈɑːjən/ /ˈɑːɹi.ən/ /ˈɛəjən/ /ˈɛəɹi.ən/ /ˈɛɹi.ən/ /ˈɛɹjən/ adj
aryjski
pertaining to the (alleged) Aryan master race

Aryan /ˈɑɹi.ən/ /ˈɑɹjən/ /ˈɑːjən/ /ˈɑːɹi.ən/ /ˈɛəjən/ /ˈɛəɹi.ən/ /ˈɛɹi.ən/ /ˈɛɹjən/ n
Aryjczyk Aryjka
in Nazism: a member of an alleged master race of non-Jewish Caucasians

Arzamas pn
Arzamas
city in Russia

Asa /ˈeɪ.sə/ pn
Asa Aza
biblical king

Ascension pn
Wniebowstąpienie
Jesus' rise to heaven

Ascension Day pn
Wniebowstąpienie Pańskie Wniebowstąpienie
the fortieth day of Easter

Asclepius /æsˈkliːpi.əs/ /əˈskliːpi.əs/ pn
Asklepios Eskulap
Greek god of medicine and healing

Ash Wednesday n
Popielec Środa Popielcowa
the Christian day of penitence 46 days before Easter

Ashgabat pn
Aszchabad
the capital of Turkmenistan

Ashkelon /ˈæʃkəlɒn/ pn
Aszkelon
city in Israel

Ashkenazi /ˌæʃkɪnəˈziː/ /ˌæʃkɪˈnɑːzi/ /ˌɑːʃkɪnəˈziː/ /ˌɑːʃkɪˈnɑːzi/ adj
aszkenazyjski askenazyjski
of, or relating to Jews from Central Europe

Ashkenazi /ˌæʃkɪnəˈziː/ /ˌæʃkɪˈnɑːzi/ /ˌɑːʃkɪnəˈziː/ /ˌɑːʃkɪˈnɑːzi/ n
aszkenazyjczyk askenazyjczyk askenazyjka aszkenazyjka
Jew from Germany or Eastern Europe

Ashmiany pn
Oszmiana
A city in Belarus

Ashoka /əˈʃoʊkə/ /əˈʃəʊkə/ pn
Aśoka
emperor

Ashura pn
Aszura
(Islam) a holy day falling on the 10th day of Muharram

Asia /ˈeɪ.ʃja/ /ˈeɪ.ʃə/ /ˈeɪ.ʒə/ /ˈeː.ʃja/ pn
Azja
the continent of Asia
province of Roman empire

Asia Minor pn
Azja Mniejsza
peninsula between the Mediterranean Sea, the Aegean Sea and the Black Sea

Asia-Pacific pn
Azja-Pacyfik
part of the world in or near the western Pacific Ocean

Asian /ˈeɪʃən/ /ˈeɪʒən/ adj
azjatycki
of, relating to or from Asia

Asian /ˈeɪʃən/ /ˈeɪʒən/ n
Azjata Azjatka
person from Asia

Asian black bear n
niedźwiedź himalajski niedźwiedź księżycowy niedźwiedź obrożny
Ursus thibetanus

Asian brown flycatcher n
muchołówka brunatna
Muscicapa dauurica

Asian desert warbler n
pokrzewka pustynna
Sylvia nana

Asian lion /ˈeɪʒən ˈlaɪən/ n
lew azjatycki lew indyjski lew perski
species of lion that inhabited Asia

Asianness n
azjatyckość
quality or characteristic of being Asian

Asipovichy pn
Osipowicze

Asmodean adj
dotyczący Asmodeusza

Asparukh pn
Asparuch
name of а ruler of Bulgars

Asperger's syndrome /ˈæspɜːdʒəz ˈsɪndɹəʊm/ /ˈæspɜːɡəz ˈsɪndɹəʊm/ /ˈæspɝɡɚz ˈsɪndɹoʊm/ n
zespół Aspergera
autism related developmental disorder

Asselian pn
assel

Assisi pn
Asyż
city

Assumption pn
Wniebowzięcie
a Catholic dogma
a holy day of obligation

Assyria /əˈsɪɹi.ə/ pn
Asyria
Semitic Akkadian kingdom

Assyrian /əˈsiɹi.ɪn/ adj
asyryjski
of or pertaining to the ancient region on the Upper Tigris river
of or pertaining to the ancient nation and empire, including the northern half of Mesopotamia

Assyrian /əˈsiɹi.ɪn/ n
Asyryjczyk Asyryjka
a person who resided in the ancient region on the Upper Tigris river
Asyryjka Asyryjczyk
a citizen of an ancient nation and empire, including the northern half of Mesopotamia

Astana /æsˈtɑːnə/ /əsˈtɑːnə/ pn
Astana
the capital city of Kazakhstan

Asterix pn
Asteriks
A fictional character from French comic books

Astrakhan /æstɹəˈkæn/ pn
Astrachań
city and region in Russia

Astravyets pn
Ostrowiec
A city in Belarus

Asturia pn
Asturia
Translations

Asturian /æsˈtʊə.ɹi.ən/ /æsˈtʊɹ.i.ən/ /əˈstjʊə.ɹi.ən/ /əˈstʊɹ.i.ən/ adj
asturyjski
of or pertaining to Asturias in Spain
of or pertaining to the Asturian language

Asturias /æsˈtʊə.ɹi.əs/ /æsˈtʊɹ.i.əs/ /əˈstjʊə.ɹi.əs/ /əˈstʊɹ.i.əs/ pn
Asturia
autonomous community and province of Spain

Asura n
asura
deity in Hinduism

Atacama pn
Atakama
desert

Atari n
atari
video game system

Athanasius /ˌæθəˈneɪzi.əs/ /ˌæθəˈneɪʃəs/ pn
Atanazy
male given name

Athena /əˈθiːnə/ pn
Atena
Greek goddess

Athenaeum /aθɪˈniːəm/ n
Ateneum
temple

Athenian /əˈθiː.ni.ən/ n
ateńczyk atenka
an inhabitant, resident, or citizen of Athens, Greece

Athens /ˈeɪθənz/ /ˈæθənz/ pn
Ateny
capital city of Greece

Atlanta /ætˈlæntə/ [ætˈlænə] [ætˈlæɾ̃ə] pn
Atlanta
capital and largest city of the State of Georgia

Atlantic /ætˈlæn.tɪk/ /ətˈlæn.tɪk/ adj
atlantycki
pertaining to the Atlantic Ocean

Atlantic Ocean /ətˈlæntɪk ˈəʊʃən/ pn
Ocean Atlantycki Atlantyk
the ocean lying between the Americas to the west and Europe and Africa to the east

Atlantic cod n
dorsz dorsz atlantycki pomuchla wątłusz
Gadus morhua

Atlantic herring n
śledź pospolity
Clupea harengus

Atlantic horse mackerel n
ostrobok europejski ostrobok pospolity
Trachurus trachurus

Atlantic puffin n
maskonur
Fratercula arctica

Atlantic salmon n
łosoś atlantycki łosoś europejski łosoś pospolity łosoś szlachetny
species of fish

Atlantic tomcod n
tomkod atlantycki
Microgadus tomcod

Atlantis /ətˈlæntəs/ pn
Atlantyda
mythical country said to have sunk into the ocean

Atlas /ˈætləs/ pn
Atlas
Greek mythology
a crater of the moon
a moon of Saturn

Atomic Age /əˈtɑːmɪk ˌeɪd͡ʒ/ /əˈtɒmɪk ˌeɪd͡ʒ/ pn
era atomu
era during which nuclear energy was developed

Attica pn
Attyka
periphery

Atwood machine n
spadkownica

Auckland /ˈɑːk.lənd/ /ˈɔːk.lənd/ pn
Auckland
the largest conurbation in New Zealand

Audouin's gull n
mewa sródziemnomorska
Ichthyaetus audouinii

Augean stables /ɑˌd͡ʒiən-/ /ɔˌd͡ʒiən ˈsteɪb(ə)lz/ /ɔːˌd͡ʒiːən ˈsteɪbl̩z/ /ˈɑˌɡiən-/ /ˈɔˌɡiən-/ n
stajnia Augiasza
place or situation characterized by corruption or moral decay

Augeas /ɔːˈd͡ʒiːəs/ pn
Augiasz
king

Augsburg pn
Augsburg
city in southern Germany
augsburski
As a substantive adjective: Of or related to Augsburg

August /ˈɑ.ɡəst/ /ˈɔ.ɡəst/ /ˈɔː.ɡəst/ pn
sierpień
eighth month of the Gregorian calendar

Augusta /əɡʌstə/ pn
Augusta
female given name

Augustine /ɔːˈɡʌstɪn/ /əˈɡʌstɪn/ /ˈɑɡəˌstin/ /ˈɔɡəˌstin/ /ˈɔːɡəˌstiːn/ pn
Augustyn
male given name

Augustinism pn
augustianizm augustynizm
philosophy of Augustine of Hippo

Augustus /ɔːˈɡʌstəs/ pn
August
male given name

Augustów pn
Augustów
city

Aukštaitija pn
Auksztota
region of Lithuania

Aurelia pn
Aurelia
female given name

Aurelius pn
Aureli Aureliusz
male given name

Auriga /ɔːˈɹaɪɡə/ pn
Woźnica
constellation

Aurora pn
Aurora
Roman goddess of dawn
female given name

Auschwitz /ˈaʊʃ.vɪts/ /ˈaʊʃ.wɪts/ pn
Auschwitz Auschwitz-Birkenau
concentration camp
Oświęcim
city in Poland

Austerlitz /ˈaʊstəlɪts/ /ˈaʊstɚlɪts/ /ˈɔstɚlɪts/ /ˈɔːstəlɪts/ pn
Austerlitz
former name of Slavkov u Brna

Australasia /ˌɒstɹ(ə)lˈeɪʒə/ /ˌɔstɹl̩ˈæɪʒɐ/ pn
Australazja
Australia, NZ, New Guinea and neighbouring islands

Australia /-ɹe.jə/ /-ɹeɪl-/ /-ɹɛl-/ /ɑˈstɹɛ.li.ə/ /ɑˈstɹɛl.jə/ /ɒˈstɹeɪ.li.jə/ /ɒˈstɹeɪ.liː.ə/ /ɒˈstɹeɪl.jə/ /ɔˈstɹɛ.li.ə/ /ɔˈstɹɛl.jə/ /ɔːˈstɹeɪ.lɪ.jə/ /ɔːˈstɹeɪ.lɪ.ə/ /əˈstɹeɪl.jə/ /əˈstɹæɪ.jə/ /əˈstɹæɪ.liː.ə/ /əˈstɹæɪl.jə/ /əˈstɹɛ.liː.ə/ pn
Australia
Commonwealth of Australia
continent of Australia

Australian /-ɹejə/ /-ɹeɪ(l)-/ /-ɹɛl-/ /ɑˈstɹɛ.li.ən/ /ɑˈstɹɛl.jən/ /ɒˈstɹeɪ.li.jən/ /ɒˈstɹeɪ.liː.ən/ /ɒˈstɹeɪljən/ /ɔˈstɹɛ.li.ən/ /ɔˈstɹɛl.jən/ /ɔːˈstɹeɪlɪjən/ /ɔːˈstɹeɪlɪən/ /əˈstɹeɪljən/ /əˈstɹæɪ.liː.ən/ /əˈstɹæɪ.ljən/ /əˈstɹæɪl.jən/ /əˈstɹɛliːən/ adj
australijski
of or pertaining to Australia, the Australian people or languages
of or pertaining to a person (people) of the continent of Australia
of or pertaining to a person (people) of the country of Australia
of or pertaining to the continent of Australia
of or pertaining to the country of Australia

Australian /-ɹejə/ /-ɹeɪ(l)-/ /-ɹɛl-/ /ɑˈstɹɛ.li.ən/ /ɑˈstɹɛl.jən/ /ɒˈstɹeɪ.li.jən/ /ɒˈstɹeɪ.liː.ən/ /ɒˈstɹeɪljən/ /ɔˈstɹɛ.li.ən/ /ɔˈstɹɛl.jən/ /ɔːˈstɹeɪlɪjən/ /ɔːˈstɹeɪlɪən/ /əˈstɹeɪljən/ /əˈstɹæɪ.liː.ən/ /əˈstɹæɪ.ljən/ /əˈstɹæɪl.jən/ /əˈstɹɛliːən/ n
Australijczyk Australijka
a person from the country of Australia or of Australian descent

Australian magpie n
dzierzbowron
Australian magpie

Australian white ibis n
ibis czarnopióry
species of wading bird

Austria /ˈɑs.tɹi.ə/ /ˈɒs.tɹɪə/ /ˈɔs.tɹi.ə/ /ˈɔːs.tɹɪə/ pn
Austria Rakusy
country in Central Europe

Austria-Hungary pn
Austro-Węgry
former country in Central Europe

Austrian /ˈɑ.stɹi.ən/ /ˈɒs.tɹi.ən/ /ˈɔs.tɹi.ən/ adj
austriacki
related to Austria

Austrian /ˈɑ.stɹi.ən/ /ˈɒs.tɹi.ən/ /ˈɔs.tɹi.ən/ n
Austriak Austriaczka
Austrian person

Austro-Hungarian adj
austro-węgierski austrowęgierski
of or pertaining to the monarchy composed of Austria and Hungary

Avar /ˈævɑɹ/ adj
awarski
of or pertaining to the Avar language or people

Avar /ˈævɑɹ/ n
Awar Awarka
person

Avar /ˈævɑɹ/ pn
awarski
language

Avdiivka /ɑːvˈdiːɪvkə/ /əvˈdiːɪvkə/ pn
Awdijiwka
city

Averroes /əˈvɛɹəʊiːz/ pn
Awerroes
Andalusian polymath

Avestan /əˈvɛst(ə)n/ adj
awestyjski
of or pertaining to Avesta

Avestan /əˈvɛst(ə)n/ pn
awestyjski
Old Iranian language

Avicenna /ˌævɪˈsɛnə/ pn
Awicenna
Persian polymath

Avignon /ˈævɪnjɒn/ pn
Awinion
city in Provence

Avogadro's number pn
stała Avogadra
number of atoms present in 0.012 kilograms of isotopically pure carbon-12

Axis power n
Oś
member country of the World War II Axis

Aydarken pn
Ajdarken

Ayurveda /aɪ.ɚˈveɪ.də/ /aɪ.ʊəˈveɪ.də/ n
ajurweda
traditional Hindu alternative medicine

Azerbaijan /ə.ˈzɛː(ɹ).baɪˌdʒɑːn/ /ə.ˈzɛː(ɹ).baɪˌʒɑːn/ /ˌæz.ə(ɹ).baɪˈdʒɑːn/ /ˌæz.ə(ɹ).baɪˈʒɑːn/ pn
Azerbejdżan
country

Azerbaijan SSR pn
Azerbejdżańska SRR
Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic

Azerbaijani /ˌæzəbaɪˈdʒɑːni/ /ˌæzəɹbaɪˈd͡ʒɑːni/ adj
azerbejdżański azerski
pertaining to Azerbaijan

Azerbaijani /ˌæzəbaɪˈdʒɑːni/ /ˌæzəɹbaɪˈd͡ʒɑːni/ n
Azerbejdżanin Azerbejdżanka
Azerbaijani person

Azerbaijani /ˌæzəbaɪˈdʒɑːni/ /ˌæzəɹbaɪˈd͡ʒɑːni/ pn
azerski
language of Azerbaijan

Azores /əˈzɔːz/ /ˈeɪzɔːɹz/ pn
Azory
an archipelago and an autonomous region

Azrael /ˈæzɹeɪ.əl/ /ˈæzɹi.əl/ /ˈʌzɹɑːˌɛl/ pn
Azrael
angel of death

Aztec /ˈæz.tɛk/ adj
aztecki
of or pertaining to the Mexica people

Aztec /ˈæz.tɛk/ n
Aztek Azteczka
a Mexica

B major n
H-dur
the major chord with a root of B
the major key with B as its tonic

B-flat n
b
musical note

BBC /biː biː siː/ pn
BBC
British Broadcasting Corporation

BBS n
BBS
bulletin board system

BC adv
p.n.Chr. przed Chr.
before Christ

BCE adv
p.Chr. p.n.e.
before the common era

BDSM n
BDSM
sexual practice

BRIC pn
BRIC
Brazil, Russia, India, and China

BRICS pn
BRICS
BRICS

Baal /bɑːˈɑːl/ /ˈbeɪl/ /ˈbeɪəl/ /ˈbɑːl/ pn
Baal
deity

Baalism pn
baalizm
pagan religion centred on the worship of Baal

Baathism /bəˈʔɑːθɪzəm/ /ˈbɑːθɪzəm/ n
baasizm
ideology

Baathist /ˈbɑːθɪst/ adj
baasistowski

Bab el Mandeb /ˈbɑːb ɛl ˈmændɛb/ /ˈbɑːb ɛl ˈmɑndɛb/ pn
Bab al-Mandab
strait

Baba Yaga /ˌbɑːbə ˈjɑːɡə/ pn
Baba Jaga Baba Jędza Baba Rogu
hag in Slavic mythology who flies in a mortar

Babbitt /ˈbæbət/ /ˈbæbɪt/ n
drobnomieszczanin drobnomieszczanka filister
person who subscribes complacently to materialistic middle-class ideals

Babel /ˈbeɪ.bl̩/ /ˈbæb.l̩/ pn
Babel
Biblical city and tower

Babism n
babizm
19th-century Persian pantheistical religious sect

Babouvism n
babuwizm

Babouvist /bəˈbuːvɪst/ n
babuwista

Babouvistic adj
babuwistyczny
of or pertaining to Babouvism

Babruysk pn
Bobrujsk
A city in Belarus

Babylon /ˈbæb.ɪ.lɑn/ /ˈbæb.ɪ.lɒn/ pn
Babilon
capital of Babylonia

Babylonia /ˌbæbɪˈloʊni.ə/ /ˌbæbɪˈləʊnɪə/ pn
Babilonia
ancient region and empire of southern Mesopotamia

Babylonian adj
babiloński
pertaining to the city or empire of Babylon

Babylonian n
babilonka babilończyk
person from the kingdom of Babylonia
babilończyk babilonka
person from the city of Babylon

Bacchanalia /ˌbækəˈneɪli.ə/ n
bachanalia
feast in honor of Bacchus

Bacchanalian n
bachant bachantka
a drunken reveler

Bacchus /ˈbækəs/ pn
Bachus
the Roman god of wine

Baconian /bəˈkəʊn.ɪən/ n
bakonista
one who adheres to the philosophy of Francis Bacon

Baconianism n
bakonizm
the scientific methods of Francis Bacon

Bactria /ˈbæktɹɪə/ pn
Baktria
Greek name for ancient country

Bactrian camel /ˈbæktɹɪən ˈkæməl/ n
baktrian wielbłąd dwugarbny
Camelus bactrianus

Badakhshan pn
Badachszan
historical region

Baden /ˈbɑːdən/ pn
Badenia
former state

Baden-Württemberg /ˌbɑːdən ˈvɜː(ɹ)təmbɜː(ɹ)ɡ/ pn
Badenia-Wirtembergia
state of Germany

Baffin Bay pn
Morze Baffina
sea between Greenland and Nunavut

Baghdad /bæɡˈdæd/ /ˈbæɡdæd/ pn
Bagdad
city

Baghlan pn
Baghlan
province

Bagram pn
Bagram
town in Afghanistan

Bahamas /bəˈhɑː.məz/ pn
Bahamy
country in the Caribbean

Bahamian /bəˈheɪm.ɪən/ adj
bahamski
pertaining to the Bahamas

Bahamian /bəˈheɪm.ɪən/ n
Bahamczyk Bahamka
person from the Bahamas

Bahrain /bɑː(h)ˈɹeɪn/ pn
Bahrajn
country in the Middle East

Bahraini adj
bahrański bahrajński
of, from, or pertaining to Bahrain or the Bahraini people

Bahraini n
Bahrajnka Bahrajńczyk Bahranka Bahrańczyk
a person from Bahrain or of Bahraini descent

Baháʼí /bəˈhɑː.i/ adj
bahajski
pertaining to Baháʼís or beliefs held in the Baháʼí Faith

Baháʼí /bəˈhɑː.i/ n
bahaj
follower of the Baháʼí Faith / follower of Baháʼu'lláh

Baikal /baɪ.ˈkæl/ /ˌbaɪ.ˈkɑːl/ pn
Bajkał
a large lake in Russia

Baikonur /ˌbaɪ.kəˈnɪɚ/ pn
Bajkonur
city and cosmodrome in Kazakhstan

Baird's sandpiper n
biegus długoskrzydły
Calidris bairdii

Bajocian pn
bajos

Bakelite /ˈbeɪk.ə.laɪt/ n
bakelit
heat-resisting chemically inert resin

Baker pn
Piekarz
Occupational surname

Bakhchisaray pn
Bakczysaraj
city in Crimea

Bakhmach pn
Bachmacz
city

Bakhmut /bɑkˈmut/ /bɑxˈmut/ pn
Bachmut
city

Baku /bɑːˈkuː/ /ˈbækuː/ pn
Baku
the capital city of Azerbaijan

Bakuninism n
bakuninizm bakunizm
adherence to Bakunin

Bakuninist adj
bakuninistyczny bakunistyczny
related to Bakunin

Bakuninist n
bakuninist bakunist
adherent of Bakunin

Bakuvian adj
bakijski
of or relating to Baku

Bakuvian n
bakijczyk bakijka
inhabitant or native of Baku

Balakliya pn
Bałaklija
city

Balearic /bæliˈæɹɪk/ adj
balearski
of the Balearic Islands

Balearic Islands pn
Baleary
group of Mediterranean islands

Balearic Sea pn
Morze Balearskie
sea

Bali /ˈbɑːli/ pn
Bali
island of Indonesia

Balkan /ˈbɔːlkən/ adj
bałkański
of or relating to the Balkan Peninsula

Balkan Peninsula pn
Półwysep Bałkański
peninsula in southeastern Europe

Balkanization /ˌbɑl.kən.aɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/ /ˌbɔːl.kən.aɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/ n
bałkanizacja
fragmentation of a region into several small states

Balkans /ˈbɑl.kənz/ /ˈbɒl.kənz/ /ˈbɔl.kənz/ /ˈbɔːl.kənz/ pn
Bałkany
geographical region in the southeast of Europe

Baloch n
Beludża Beludżyjka

Balochistan pn
Beludżystan
region on the Iranian plateau in south-western Asia

Balt [bɑlt] [bɔːlt] n
Bałt Bałtyjka
inhabitant of one of the modern Baltic states

Balta pn
Bałta
a city in Ukraine

Balthazar /bælˈθeɪzə/ /bælˈθeɪzɚ/ /ˈbælθəˌzɔɹ/ pn
Baltazar
Babylonian king
male given name
one of the Magi

Baltic /ˈbɑl.tɪk/ /ˈbɔl.tɪk/ /ˈbɔːl.tɪk/ adj
bałtycki
of the Baltic region or sea
pertaining to the Baltic languages
pertaining to the Balts

Baltic Sea pn
Morze Bałtyckie Bałtyk
a sea

Baltic herring n
sałaka
Clupea harengus membras

Baltiysk pn
Piława

Balto-Slavic adj
bałtosłowiański
of or pertaining o the Balto-Slavic language, people or culture

Balykchy pn
Bałykczy

Balzac pn
Balzac Balzak
surname

Balzacian /balˈzakɪ.ən/ /bælˈzæki.ən/ /bɔlˈzæki.ən/ adj
balzakowski
of or pertaining to Honoré de Balzac or his writings

Balzacian /balˈzakɪ.ən/ /bælˈzæki.ən/ /bɔlˈzæki.ən/ n
balzakista
follower of Honoré de Balzac

Bambara /-ɑ/ /bɑmˈbɑɹ.ə/ pn
bamana bambara
language

Bamboo Curtain pn
Bambusowa kurtyna
political barrier between communist and capitalist in Asia

Bamyan pn
Bamian
city
province

Banach space n
przestrzeń Banacha
complete normed vector space

Bandar Seri Begawan /ˌbɑːndəɹ sɪˌɹiː bɪˈɡaʊ.ən/ pn
Bandar Seri Begawan
capital of Brunei

Banderite [ˈbændəɹaɪ̯t] adj
banderowski
of or related to Stepan Bandera or his political movement

Banderite [ˈbændəɹaɪ̯t] n
banderowiec banderówka
a member of Stepan Bandera's movement

Bangalore /ˈbæŋ.ɡə.loɹ/ /ˌbæŋ.ɡəˈloɹ/ /ˌbæŋ.ɡəˈlɔː/ pn
Bangalur
state capital of Karnataka, India

Bangka Belitung Islands pn
Bangka i Belitung
province of Indonesia

Bangkok /bæŋˈkɒk/ pn
Bangkok
the capital of Thailand

Bangladesh /ˌbæŋ.ɡlə.ˈdɛʃ/ /ˌbɑːŋ.ɡlə.ˈdɛʃ/ pn
Bangladesz
country

Bangladeshi adj
bangladeski banglijski
of, from, or pertaining to Bangladesh

Bangladeshi n
Banglijczyk Banglijka
person from Bangladesh or of Bangladeshi descent

Banglaphone adj
banglajęzyczny bengalskojęzyczny
Bengali-speaking

Banglaphone n
banglafon
one who speaks Bengali

Banská Bystrica pn
Bańska Bystrzyca
city

Bantu /ˈbæntu/ n
Bantu
member of the ethnic group
bantu
language family

Bantu knot n
węzeł Bantu

Bantuize v
czynić bantuskim

Baptist /ˈbæbdəs/ /ˈbæbdɪs(t)/ /ˈbæbtɪst/ /ˈbæptɪst/ adj
baptystyczny
of the Baptist religious denomination

Baptist /ˈbæbdəs/ /ˈbæbdɪs(t)/ /ˈbæbtɪst/ /ˈbæptɪst/ n
baptysta baptystka
adherent of a Protestant denomination (or various subdenominations) of Christianity

Bar pn
Bar
town

Barabbas /bəˈɹæbəs/ pn
Barabasz
insurrectionary whom Pontius Pilate freed instead of releasing Jesus

Baran pn
Barań
A city in Belarus

Baranavichy pn
Baranowicze
A city in Belarus

Baranivka pn
Baranówka
city

Barbadian /bɑɹˈbeɪdi.ən/ /bɑːˈbeɪdi.ən/ adj
barbadoski
of or relating to Barbados

Barbados /bɑɹˈbeɪ.doʊs/ /bɑɹˈbeɪ.doʊz/ /bɑɹˈbeɪ.dəs/ /bɑː(ɹ)ˈbeɪ.dɒs/ pn
Barbados
country in the Caribbean

Barbara /ˈbɑɹb(ə)ɹə/ /ˈbɑːb(ə)ɹə/ pn
Barbara
cognates and transliterations of female given name

Barbary /ˈbɑː(ɹ)bəɹi/ pn
Berberia
Mediterranean North Africa

Barbary macaque n
magot makak berberyjski makak magot
Macaca sylvanus

Barbie /ˈbɑɹbi/ /ˈbɑːbi/ n
Barbie
doll

Barcelona /ˌbɑɹsəˈloʊnə/ /ˌbɑɹsɪˈloʊnə/ /ˌbɑːsəˈləʊnə/ pn
Barcelona
capital of Catalonia

Barcelonian adj
barceloński
from Barcelona

Barcelonian n
barcelonka barcelończyk
someone from Barcelona

Barents Sea /ˈbæɹənts ˈsi/ /ˈbɛəɹənts ˈsi/ pn
Morze Barentsa
part of the Arctic Ocean

Barnabas /ˈbɑɹnəbəs/ pn
Barnaba
An early Christian
male given name

Barnabite n
barnabita

Barnaul pn
Barnauł
city in Russia

Baroque /bəˈɹoʊk/ /bəˈɹɒk/ /bəˈɹəʊk/ adj
barokowy
relating or belonging to the Baroque period

Baroque /bəˈɹoʊk/ /bəˈɹɒk/ /bəˈɹəʊk/ pn
barok
period in architecture
period in art
period in music

Baroque guitar n
gitara barokowa
archaic form of guitar from the Baroque era

Barrow's goldeneye n
sierpiec
a duck in the goldeneye genus, Bucephala islandica

Bartholomew /bɑɹˈtɑləmi/ /bɑɹˈθɑləmju/ /bɑːˈθɒləmjuː/ pn
Bartłomiej
the Apostle
Bartłomiej Bartosz
male given name

Bartonian pn
barton

Baruch /bəˈrux/ /ˈbä rəx/ /ˈbɑr.ux/ /ˈbɛ rəx/ pn
Baruch
Biblical figure
given name
Księga Barucha
book of the Bible

Barvinkove pn
Barwinkowe
city

Barysaw pn
Borysów
A city in Belarus

Basel pn
Bazylea
city in Switzerland

Basel-Landschaft /ˈbɑːzəɫ ˈlændʃæft/ pn
Bazylea-Okręg
canton

Basel-Stadt pn
Bazylea-Miasto
canton

Bashkir /bæʃˈkɪə/ /bɑːʃˈkɪɚ/ adj
baszkirski
of or relating to Bashkortostan or its people

Bashkir /bæʃˈkɪə/ /bɑːʃˈkɪɚ/ n
Baszkir Baszkirka
a Bashkir person

Bashkir /bæʃˈkɪə/ /bɑːʃˈkɪɚ/ pn
baszkirski
language

Bashkirian adj
baszkirski
of or relating to Bashkiria

Bashkirian n
Baszkir Baszkirka
native or inhabitant of Bashkiria

Bashkirian pn
baszkir
Bashkirian geologic stage

Bashkortostan [baʃˈko̞ː(ɹ)təʉ̯stæn] [bɑʃˈkɔɹtoə̯stɛən] pn
Baszkortostan Baszkiria
federal subject of Russia

Bashtanka pn
Basztanka
city

Basil /ˈbæz.əl/ pn
Bazyli
male given name

Basque /bæsk/ /bɑːsk/ adj
baskijski
relating to the Basque people or their language

Basque /bæsk/ /bɑːsk/ n
Bask Baskijka
member of a people

Basque /bæsk/ /bɑːsk/ pn
baskijski język baskijski
language

Basque Country pn
Baskonia Kraj Basków
geographical region in Spain and France
the region where the Basque language is spoken
Kraj Basków Baskonia
autonomous community within Spain

Basse-Terre /bæsˈtɛə(ɹ)/ pn
Basse-Terre
capital city of Guadeloupe

Basseterre /bæsˈtɛə(ɹ)/ pn
Basseterre
capital of Saint Kitts and Nevis

Bathonian pn
baton

Bathsheba /bæθˈʃiːbə/ pn
Batszeba
biblical character
female given name

Batken /bætˈkɛn/ pn
Batken
a city in Kyrgyzstan

Batman /bætˈmɑːn/ pn
Batman
a city in Turkey

Batman /ˈbæt.mæn/ pn
Batman
fictional hero

Bats pn
bacbijski
language

Battambang pn
Bătdâmbâng
city in Cambodia

Battle of Britain pn
bitwa o Anglię
series of air engagements between the British Royal Air Force and the German Luftwaffe during World War II

Batumi pn
Batumi
city

Baturyn pn
Baturyn
city

Baudelairean /ˌboʊdəˈlɛɹi.ən/ /ˌbəʊd(ə)ˈlɛəɹɪ.ən/ adj
baudelairowski
of or pertaining to Baudelaire or his works

Bautzen /ˈbaʊtsən/ pn
Budziszyn
town in Germany

Bavaria /bəˈveəɹɪə/ pn
Bawaria
state

Bavarian /bəˈvɛəɹɪən/ adj
bawarski
of or pertaining to Bavaria

Bavarian /bəˈvɛəɹɪən/ n
Bawar Bawarczyk Bawarka
person from Bavaria or of Bavarian descent

Bay of Bengal pn
Zatoka Bengalska
Large bay in the northeastern Indian Ocean

Bay of Biscay pn
Zatoka Biskajska
gulf

Bayesian /ˈbeɪziən/ /ˈbeɪʒən/ adj
bayesowski
of or pertaining to Thomas Bayes

Bayonne pn
Bajonna
city and commune of southwest France

Bačka /ˈbɑːt͡ʃ.kə/ pn
Baczka
historical region divided between Serbia and Hungary

Bear Island pn
Wyspa Niedźwiedzia
island of the Svalbard archipelago

Beatrice /biˈætrɪs/ /ˈbiː(ə)tɹɪs/ pn
Beata
female given name

Beaufort scale pn
Beauforta skala
measure for the intensity of the wind

Bechuanaland /ˌbɛt͡ʃuˈɑːnəlænd/ pn
Beczuana
former name for Botswana

Beethoven /ˈbeɪtˌhəʊvən/ /ˈbeɪˌtoʊvən/ /ˈbeɪˌtəʊvən/ pn
Beethoven
German surname

Beethovenian /ˌbeɪt(h)əʊˈviːnɪən/ /ˌbeɪtoʊˈvini.ən/ adj
beethovenowski
of or pertaining to Ludwig van Beethoven

Beetle n
garbus
Volkswagen car

Beghard /bəˈɡɑːɹd/ n
begard
one of an association of religious laymen

Beguine /beɪˈɡiːn/ n
beginka

Beijing /beɪˈd͡ʒɪŋ/ /beɪˈʒɪŋ/ /ˌbeɪˈd͡ʒɪŋ/ /ˌbeɪˈʒɪŋ/ pn
Pekin
capital of China

Beirut /beɪˈɹuːt/ pn
Bejrut
capital and largest city of Lebanon

Belainsky pn
Belansky
surname​

Belansky pn
Belansky

Belarus /ˈbɛ.lɑ.ɹus/ /ˈbɛləɹuːs/ /ˌbɛ.ləˈɹus/ /ˌbɛ.ləˈɹuːs/ pn
Białoruś
country

Belarusian /ˌbɛləˈɹuːsi.ən/ /ˌbɛləˈɹuːʃən/ /ˌbɛləˈɹuːʒən/ /ˌbɛləˈɹʌʃən/ adj
białoruski
pertaining to Belarus

Belarusian /ˌbɛləˈɹuːsi.ən/ /ˌbɛləˈɹuːʃən/ /ˌbɛləˈɹuːʒən/ /ˌbɛləˈɹʌʃən/ n
Białorusin Białorusinka
person from Belarus or of Belarusian descent
białoruski
language

Belarusian People's Republic pn
Białoruska Republika Ludowa
the first state of Belarus

Belarusianness n
białoruszczyzna
quality

Belarusophone adj
białoruskojęzyczny
Belarusian-speaking

Belfast /ˈbɛl.fæst/ /ˈbɛl.fɑːst/ pn
Belfast
capital of Northern Ireland

Belgian /ˈbɛl.d͡ʒən/ [ˈbɛl.ɡi.ən] adj
belgijski
of or pertaining to Belgians or Belgian people
of or pertaining to Belgium

Belgian /ˈbɛl.d͡ʒən/ [ˈbɛl.ɡi.ən] n
Belg Belgijka
Belgian, person from Belgium

Belgian Sheepdog n
owczarek belgijski
Umbrella term for the four Belgian sheepdog variants

Belgian franc n
frank belgijski

Belgium /ˈbɛld͡ʒəm/ pn
Belgia
country in Europe

Belgorod /ˈbɛl.ɡəˌɹɑd/ /ˈbɛl.ɡəˌɹɒd/ pn
Biełgorod Białygród
a city in Russia

Belgrade /ˈbɛlɡɹeɪd/ pn
Belgrad Białygród
capital of Serbia

Belgradian adj
belgradzki
of, from or pertaining to Belgrade

Belgradian n
belgradka belgradczyk
someone from Belgrade

Belize /beɪlˈiːz/ /bəˈliːz/ /bɛlˈiːz/ pn
Belize
country

Belizean adj
belizeński
Pertaining to Belize

Belizean n
Belizenka Belizeńczyk
person from Belize

Belmopan pn
Belmopan
Belmopan

Belz pn
Bełz
city

Benedict /ˈbɛnədɪkt/ pn
Benedykt
equivalent male given name

Benedict's reagent pn
odczynnik Benedicta

Benedicta pn
Benedykta
feminine form of Benedict

Benedictine adj
benedyktyński
of or pertaining to St. Benedict of Nursia
of or pertaining to the Benedictine Order

Benedictine n
benedyktyn benedyktynka
monk or nun
liqueur

Benelux pn
Benelux Beneluks
an economic and customs union made up of Belgium, the Netherlands and Luxembourg

Benevento pn
Benewent
capital of Benevento province

Bengal /bɛŋ.ˈɡɔːl/ /bɛŋˈɡɑl/ /bɛŋˈɡɑːl/ /bɛŋˈɡɔːl/ /ˈbɛŋˌɡəl/ pn
Bengal
region in South Asia

Bengal fox n
lis bengalski
Vulpes bengalensis

Bengal tiger n
tygrys bengalski
population of Panthera tigris tigris

Bengali /bɛŋˈɡɑli/ /bɛŋˈɡɔːli/ n
Bengalczyk Bengalka
person from Bengal
bengali język bengalski
language

Bengalism /bɛŋˈɡɔːlɪzəm/ n
bengalyzm
word or idiom of the Bengali language used in another language

Benghazi /bɛnˈɡɑ.zi/ pn
Bengazi
Benghazi, Libya

Benin /bəˈnin/ /bəˈnɪn/ /bɛˈniːn/ /bɛˈnɪn/ pn
Benin
country

Beninese /bɛnɪˈniːz/ adj
beniński
of, from, or pertaining to Benin

Beninese /bɛnɪˈniːz/ n
Beninka Benińczyk
person

Benjamin /ˈbɛnd͡ʒəmɪn/ /ˈbɛnd͡ʒɚmɪn/ /ˈbɪnd͡ʒəmɪn/ /ˈbɪnd͡ʒɚmɪn/ pn
Beniamin
male given name
the youngest son of Jacob

Benzion pn
Bencijjon Bencijon Bencjon
given name

Berber /ˈbɜːbə/ /ˈbɝ.bɚ/ adj
berberyjski
of the Berber people

Berber /ˈbɜːbə/ /ˈbɝ.bɚ/ n
Berber Berberyjka
Member of northwest African ethnic group

Berdiansk pn
Berdiańsk
city

Berdichev pn
Berdyczów
city in Ukraine

Berehove pn
Berehowo
city

Berestechko pn
Beresteczko
city

Berezan pn
Berezań
city

Berezhany pn
Brzeżany
city

Berezivka pn
Berezówka
city

Berezne pn
Bereźne
city

Bergamo /ˈbɜːɡəˌməʊ/ /ˈbɝɡəˌmoʊ/ pn
Bergamo
province of Italy
city and capital of Bergamo

Berger Picard /bɛəˌʒeɪ pɪˈkɑː/ /bɛɹˌʒeɪ pɪˈkɑɹ/ n
owczarek pikardyjski
breed of sheepdog

Bergsonism n
bergsonizm

Bergsonist n
bergsonista

Bering Sea /ˈbɛɹɪŋ ˈsiː/ pn
Morze Beringa
sea

Bering Strait pn
Cieśnina Beringa
strait between Russia and Alaska

Beringia /bəˈrɪnd͡ʒiə/ pn
Beringia

Berkeleianism n
berkeleizm

Berkshire /bɚkʃɚ/ /ˈbɑːkʃə/ n
berkszyr
Berkshire pig

Berkshire /bɚkʃɚ/ /ˈbɑːkʃə/ pn
Berkshire
inland county in England

Berlin /bəˈlɪn/ /bɛə̯ˈlɪn/ /bɜːˈlɪn/ /ˈbɜː.lɪn/ /ˈbɝ.lɪn/ [bɚˈlɪn] pn
Berlin
capital city of Germany
berliński
attributive form - relating to Berlin

Berlin Wall /bɜːˈlɪn wɔːl/ /bɝˈlɪn wɔl/ /ˈbɜː-/ /ˈbɝ-/ pn
Mur Berliński mur berliński
wall that parted Berlin

Bermuda /bəˈmjuːdə/ /bɚˈmjuːdə/ pn
Bermudy
island group

Bermuda Triangle n
trójkąt bermudzki
any area where things mysteriously disappear

Bermuda Triangle pn
Trójkąt Bermudzki
area in the Atlantic Ocean

Bermuda shorts n
bermudy
a type of knee-high shorts

Bermudian /bə(ɹ)ˈmjuːdiən/ adj
bermudzki
of, from or pertaining to Bermuda

Bermudian /bə(ɹ)ˈmjuːdiən/ n
Bermudczyk Bermudka
person from Bermuda or of Bermudian descent

Bern /bɛ(ɹ)n/ /bɜː(ɹ)n/ pn
Berno
city
canton

Bernadette /ˌbɝ.nəˈdɛt/ pn
Bernadeta
female given name

Bernard /bəɹˈnɑɹd/ /ˈbɜːnəd/ pn
Bernard
male given name

Bernardine adj
bernardyński
of or pertaining to the Cistercian monks

Bernardine n
bernardyn bernardynka
Cistercian monk

Bernese /ˌbɜːˈniːz/ adj
berneński
of, from, or pertaining to Bern

Bershad pn
Berszad
city

Beryslav pn
Berysław
city

Berytian /bəˈɹɪʃən/ adj
beryteński
of or pertaining to Berytus

Beskids /ˈbɛskɪdz/ pn
Beskidy
mountain range

Bessarabia pn
Besarabia
region

Bessel function n
funkcja Bessela

Betelgeuse /ˈbidlˌdʒus/ /ˈbidlˌdʒuz/ /ˈbiːtldʒuːs/ /ˈbiːtldʒuːz/ /ˈbɛdlˌdʒus/ /ˈbɛdlˌdʒuz/ pn
Betelgeza
supergiant

Bethesda /bəˈθɛz.də/ pn
Betesda
pool in Jerusalem

Bethlehem /ˈbɛθlihɛm/ /ˈbɛθləhɛm/ pn
Betlejem
City

Bełchatów pn
Bełchatów
city

Bhubaneswar pn
Bhubaneśwar Bhubaneswar
capital of Odisha, India

Bhutan /buːˈtæn/ /buːˈtɑːn/ pn
Bhutan
Himalayan country

Bhutanese /bu.təˈniːz/ adj
bhutański
pertaining to Bhutan

Bhutanese /bu.təˈniːz/ n
Bhutańczyk Bhutanka
person from Bhutan

Bianca /biˈæŋkə/ /biˈɑŋkə/ pn
Bianka
female given name
moon of Uranus

Biaroza pn
Bereza Bereza Kartuska
A city in Belarus

Bias pn
Bias
one of the Seven Sages

Biała pn
Biała

Białystok pn
Białystok
city

Bible /ˈbaɪbəl/ pn
Biblia Pismo Święte
Christian holy book

Bibrka pn
Bóbrka
city

Bicol /ˈbikol/ /ˈbikɔl/ /ˈbiːkɔːl/ pn
Język bikolski
language

Biden /ˈbaɪdən/ pn
Biden
surname

Biedermeier pn
biedermeier

Bielsko-Biała pn
Bielsko-Biała
city in Silesian Voivodeship

Bierwurst n
bierwurst kiełbasa piwna
beerwurst

Big Apple pn
Wielkie Jabłko
nickname for New York City

Big Bad Wolf /bɪɡ bæd ˈwʊlf/ n
wilk
fictional evil wolf

Big Bang pn
Wielki Wybuch
cosmic event

Big Brother pn
Wielki Brat
unwarranted and invasive government surveillance
a figurehead representing oppressive control

Big Dipper pn
Wielki Wóz
bright circumpolar asterism of the northern sky

Big Mac /bɪɡ mæk/ n
Big Mac
burger

Big Rip pn
Wielkie Rozdarcie
hypothetical end of the universe

Bigfoot /ˈbɪɡˌfʊt/ pn
Wielka Stopa
unidentified yeti-like animal }}

Bihar /bɪˈhɑɹ/ /bɪˈhɑː/ /bɪˈɦɑːɾ/ pn
Bihar
a state in eastern India

Bila Tserkva pn
Biała Cerkiew
city

Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi pn
Białogród nad Dniestrem
city

Biliaivka pn
Bielajewka
city

Bilohirsk pn
Biłohirsk
city

Bilopillia pn
Białopole
city

Bilozerske pn
Biłozerśke
city

Bilytske pn
Biłyćke
city

Birobidzhan pn
Birobidżan
city in Russia

Bishkek /bɪʃˈkɛk/ pn
Biszkek
capital of Kyrgyzstan

Bishkeker n
biszkekańczyk biszkekanka
native or inhabitant of Bishkek

Bithynia /bɪˈθɪni.ə/ pn
Bitynia
ancient region

Bitola pn
Bitola
city in Macedonia

Black Death pn
czarna śmierć
14th century pandemic outbreak

Black Forest pn
Czarny Las Schwarzwald
German forest and mountain range

Black Forest gâteau n
tort szwarcwaldzki
type of gâteau originating in the Black Forest region of Germany

Black Friday pn
czarny piątek
day after U.S. Thanksgiving Day
sales period involving heavy price reductions

Black Legend pn
Czarna Legenda hiszpanii
the depiction of Spain as cruel, greedy and fanatical

Black Panthers pn
Czarne Pantery
Black Power political party in the United States from the 1960s to the 1980s

Black Sea pn
Morze Czarne
an inland sea between southeastern Europe and Asia Minor

Blackbeard pn
Czarnobrody
pirate's name

Blagoevgrad pn
Błagojewgrad
town in Bulgaria

Blagoveshchensk /ˌblɑɡəˈvɛʃt͡ʃɛnsk/ pn
Błagowieszczeńsk
city in Siberia

Blahovishchenske pn
Błahowiszczenśke
city

Blaise pn
Błażej
male given name

Blanche pn
Blanka
female given name

Blanford's fox n
lis afgański
Vulpes cana

Blanquism n
blankizm

Blanquist adj
blankistowski

Blanquist n
blankista

Blasius pn
Błażej
male given name

Blitzen pn
Błyskawiczny
reindeer of Santa Claus

Bloemfontein /ˈbluːmfɒnˌteɪn/ pn
Bloemfontein
city

Bluebeard pn
Sinobrody
the famous fairy tale
the title character

Bluetooth /ˈblutuθ/ /ˈbluːtuːθ/ pn
Bluetooth
personal area wireless network
Sinozęby
nickname of a Danish king

Bluey pn
marchewka rudzielec wiewiórka
nickname commonly given to a red-headed person

Blyth's pipit n
świergotek stepowy
Anthus godlewskii

Blyth's reed warbler n
zaroślówka
Acrocephalus dumetorum

Bobrovytsia pn
Bobrowica
city

Bobrynets pn
Bobryniec
city

Boeotia /biːˈəʊʃə/ pn
Beocja
a district in Greece

Boeotian /biːˈəʊʃən/ adj
beocki
pertaining to Boeotia

Boer /bo(ɹ)/ /bɔː(ɹ)/ /ˈbɔɚ/ /ˈbʊɚ/ n
Bur
South African of Dutch descent

Bogdan pn
Bogdan
male given name

Bogo-Indian Defence n
Obrona Bogolubowa

Bogomil /ˈbɒɡəmɪl/ n
bogomił
member of a dualist Christian sect

Bogotá /ˌboʊɡəˈtɑː/ /ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː/ pn
Bogota
capital city of Colombia

Bohemia /boʊˈhimiə/ n
bohema

Bohemia /boʊˈhimiə/ pn
Czechy Bohemia
The region of the Czech Republic

Bohemian /boʊˈhimi.ən/ adj
czeski
of, or relating to Bohemia or its language

Bohemian waxwing n
jemiołuszka jemiołucha jemiołuszka zwyczajna
Bombycilla garrulus

Bohemism n
bohemizm czechizm
a word or idiom of the Czech language

Bohodukhiv pn
Bogoduchów
city

Bohuslav pn
Bohusław
city

Bokmål pn
bokmål
language

Bokovo-Khrustalne pn
Bokowo-Chrustalne
city

Bolekhiv pn
Bolechów
city

Bolhrad pn
Bołgrad
city

Bolivia /boʊ.ˈlɪv.i.ə/ /bə.ˈlɪv.i.ə/ pn
Boliwia
country in South America

Bolivian /bəˈlɪv.i.ən/ adj
boliwijski
pertaining to Bolivia

Bolivian /bəˈlɪv.i.ən/ n
Boliwijczyk Boliwijka
Bolivian person

Bologna /bəˈloʊnjə/ /bəˈlɒnjə/ /bəˈləʊnjə/ pn
Bolonia
city
province

Bolognese /ˌbɒləˈneɪz/ /ˌbɒləˈniːz/ /ˌbɒləˈnjeɪz/ adj
boloński
of or relating to Bologna

Bolshevik /ˈboʊ̯lʃəvɪk/ /ˈbɑlʃəvɪk/ /ˈbɒlʃəvɪk/ /ˈbɔlʃəvɪk/ n
bolszewik bolszewiczka
a member of the majority faction of the Russian Social Democratic Party, which seized power in the October Revolution of 1917

Bolshevism /ˈboʊl-/ /ˈbɑlʃəˌvɪzəm/ /ˈbɒlʃəˌvɪz(ə)m/ n
bolszewizm
Communist political ideology

Bolshevization n
bolszewizacja
the act of bolshevizing

Bolzano pn
Bolzano
town and capital of South Tyrol

Bombay duck n
bombajka harpadon bombil
An edible lizardfish, found around Mumbai

Bonaparte's gull n
mewa kanadyjska
Chroicocephalus philadelphia

Bonapartism /ˈbəʊnəpɑːtɪzəm/ /ˌboʊnəˈpɑɹ(ˌ)tɪzəm/ n
bonapartyzm
pratices and ideology of Napoleon Bonaparte

Bonapartist adj
bonapartystyczny
relating to Bonapartism

Bonapartist n
bonapartysta bonapartystka
one attached to Napoleon's policy

Bonaventure pn
Bonawentura
male given name

Bond girl n
dziewczyna Bonda
young women who appear in James Bond movies

Bonifatius pn
Bonifacy
male given name

Boolean /buːˈli.ən/ /ˈbuli.ən/ /ˈbuːl.i.ən/ adj
boolowski
logic: pertaining to data items that have values “true” and “false”

Bordeaux /bɔɹˈdoʊ/ /bɔːˈdəʊ/ pn
Bordeaux
city

Boreas /ˈbɔɹɪəs/ /ˈbɔːɹɪəs/ pn
Boreasz
Greek god

Borel measure n
miara borelowska

Borel set n
zbiór borelowski

Borel summation n
suma borelowska

Borel transform n
transformacja borelowska
transform used in Borel summation

Borel σ-algebra n
σ-algebra borelowska

Boris /ˈbɔɹɪs/ pn
Borys
male given name

Borjomi pn
Bordżomi
resort town

Bornean adj
borneański
from or pertaining to Borneo

Bornean n
Borneańczyk
someone from Borneo

Borneo /ˈbo(ː)ɹnioʊ/ /ˈboənioʊ/ /ˈbɔɹnioʊ/ /ˈbɔːni.əʊ/ pn
Borneo
island

Bornholm /ˈbɔɹn.həʊm/ pn
Bornholm
Danish island in the Baltic Sea

Borshchiv pn
Borszczów
city

Boryslav pn
Borysław
city

Boryspil pn
Boryspol
city

Borzna pn
Borzna
city

Bose-Einstein condensate n
kondensat Bosego-Einsteina
gaseous superfluid

Bosnia /ˈbɑz.ni.ə/ /ˈbɒz.ni.ə/ pn
Bośnia
northern part of the country of Bosnia and Herzegovina, a geographic and historical entity
short for 'Bosnia and Herzegovina'

Bosnia and Herzegovina /ˈbɒz.ni.ə ænd hɜɹ.t͡sɨˈɡoʊ.vɨn.ə/ /ˈbɒz.ni.ə ænd ˌhɜɹ.t͡sɨ.ɡoʊˈviː.nə/ /ˈbɒz.ni.ə ənd hɜɹ.t͡sɨˈɡoʊ.vɨn.ə/ /ˈbɒz.ni.ə ənd ˌhɜɹ.t͡sɨ.ɡoʊˈviː.nə/ pn
Bośnia i Hercegowina
country on the Balkan peninsula

Bosniak n
Boszniaczka Boszniak
a person with ties to Bosnia, traditional adherence to Islam, and common culture and language
person belonging to autochthonous South Slavic people

Bosnian /ˈbɑːzni.ən/ /ˈbɒzni.ən/ /ˈbɔːzni.ən/ adj
bośniacki
of or pertaining to Bosnia

Bosnian /ˈbɑːzni.ən/ /ˈbɒzni.ən/ /ˈbɔːzni.ən/ n
Bośniak Bośniaczka
the people
bośniacki język bośniacki
the standardized variety of Serbo-Croatian

Bosphorus /ˈbɑs.fɚ.əs/ /ˈbɑs.pɚ.əs/ /ˈbɒs.fəɹ.əs/ /ˈbɒs.pəɹ.əs/ pn
Bosfor
a strait that passes through Istanbul

Boston butt n
karczek karkówka

Boston ivy n
winobluszcz trójklapowy
Parthenocissus tricuspidata

Bostonian /bɒsˈtəʊniən/ n
bostonka bostończyk
person from Boston

Botox /ˈboʊtɑks/ /ˈbəʊtɒks/ pn
botoks
toxic compound

Botoșani pn
Botoszany
city in Romania

Botswana /bɑːtˈswɑːnə/ /bɒtˈswɑːnə/ pn
Botswana
Republic of Botswana

Botswanan adj
botswański
pertaining to Botswana

Botswanan n
Botswańczyk Botswanka
person from Botswana

Boudica /bəʊˈdɪkə/ /ˈbuːdɪkə/ pn
Boudika Budyka
queen of the British Iceni tribe

Bouvet Island pn
Wyspa Bouveta
uninhabited volcanic island in the South Atlantic Ocean

Bowen /ˈboʊ.ən/ /ˈbəʊ.ən/ pn
Bowen
coastal Australian town

Boxing Day /ˈbɑːksɪŋ deɪ/ /ˈbɒksɪŋ deɪ/ n
drugi dzień świąt
the day after Christmas: 26 December

Boyarka pn
Bojarka
city in Ukraine

Boötes /boʊˈoʊtiːz/ pn
Wolarz
a constellation

Brabant /bɹəˈbænt/ /ˈbɹæbənt/ /ˈbɹɑːbənt/ pn
Brabancja
historical region
former province of central Belgium

Brabantian adj
brabancki
pertaining to Brabant

Brahma /ˈbɹɑmə/ pn
Brahma
Hindu god of creation

Brandenburg pn
Brandenburgia
state in northeast Germany

Braslaw pn
Brasław

Brasília /bɹəˈziːli.ə/ pn
Brasília
the capital of Brazil

Bratislava /ˌbɹætɨˈslɑːvə/ /ˌbɹɑːtɨˈslɑːvə/ pn
Bratysława
the capital of Slovakia

Bratislavan adj
bratysławski
of, from or pertaining to Bratislava

Bratislavan n
bratysławianin bratysławianka
someone from Bratislava

Bratslav pn
Bracław
town in Ukraine

Brazil /bɹə.ˈzɪl/ [-ˈzɪɫ] pn
Brazylia
Portuguese-speaking country in South America

Brazilian /bɹə.ˈzɪ.lɪ.ən/ /bɹə.ˈzɪl.jən/ adj
brazylijski
pertaining to Brazil

Brazilian /bɹə.ˈzɪ.lɪ.ən/ /bɹə.ˈzɪl.jən/ n
Brazylijczyk Brazylijka
person from Brazil

Brazilian wandering spider n
Ptasznik brazylijski Wałęsak brazylijski
Dangerous spider of the Phoneutria genus, esp. P. fera, P. nigriventer, and P. boliviensis

Brașov pn
Braszów
city in Romania

Breda /bɹeɪˈdɑ/ /bɹeɪˈdɑː/ /ˈbɹeɪdɑ/ /ˈbɹeɪdɑː/ /ˈbɹeɪdə/ /ˈbɹidə/ /ˈbɹiːdə/ pn
Breda
city in North Brabant

Bregenz /ˈbɹeɪɡənt͡s/ pn
Bregencja
capital of and third largest city in the state of Vorarlberg, Austria

Bremen /ˈbɹeɪmən/ /ˈbɹɛmən/ pn
Brema
city
state

Brescia /ˈbɹɛʃə/ pn
Brescia
city and province of Italy

Brest /bɹɛst/ pn
Brest
a city in Brittany
Brześć
a city in Belarus

Breton /ˈbɹɛtən/ adj
bretoński
pertaining to Brittany

Breton /ˈbɹɛtən/ n
(język) bretoński
the language
Bretonka Bretończyk
person from Brittany

Brezhnev /ˈbɹɛʒnəv/ /ˈbɹɛʒnɛv/ pn
Breżniew
surname

Brezhnevian adj
breżniewowski
of or pertaining to Brezhnev

Brianka pn
Brianka
city in Ukraine

Bridget /ˈbɹɪd͡ʒɪt/ pn
Brygida
female given name

Bridgetown /ˈbɹɪd͡ʒˌtaʊn/ pn
Bridgetown
capital of Barbados

Briseis /bɹaɪˈsiːɪs/ pn
Bryzejda
legendary figure featured in the Iliad

Bristol /ˈbɹɪstəl/ pn
Bristol
city in south-west England

Britain /ˈbɹɪt.ən/ [ˈbɹɪt.n̩] [ˈbɹɪɾ.ᵊn̩] [ˈbɹɪʔ.ᵊn̩] pn
Brytania
island

British /ˈbɹɪtɪʃ/ [ˈbɹɪɾɪʃ] [ˈbɹɪʔɪʃ] adj
brytyjski
of Britain
colloquial: of the UK

British /ˈbɹɪtɪʃ/ [ˈbɹɪɾɪʃ] [ˈbɹɪʔɪʃ] n
Brytyjczycy
citizens or inhabitants of Britain
the citizens or inhabitants of the UK

British Columbia /ˈbɹɪt.ɪʃ kə.ˈlʌm.bi.ə/ pn
Kolumbia Brytyjska
province of Canada

British Empire pn
Imperium Brytyjskie
empire

British English n
brytyjski angielski
English language as in Britain, especially in England

British Guiana pn
Gujana Brytyjska
former British colony

British Isles /ˌbɹɪ.tɪʃ ˈaɪlz/ pn
Wyspy Brytyjskie
group of islands

British Virgin Islands pn
Brytyjskie Wyspy Dziewicze
British overseas territory

Briton /ˈbɹɪt.ən/ n
Brytyjczyk Brytyjka
citizen of Great Britain

Brittany /ˈbɹɪtəni/ pn
Bretania
region of North West France

Brno /ˈbɜːnəʊ/ /ˈbɝnoʊ/ pn
Brno
city in Czech Republic

Brody /bɹoʊdi/ pn
Brody
city

Bronx /bɹɑŋks/ /bɹɒŋks/ pn
Bronx
borough of New York City

Bronze Age pn
epoka brązu
archaeology

Brovary pn
Browary
city

Brown pn
Brązowski
surname meaning "brown", or indicating a dark complexion

Brownie /ˈbɹaʊni/ n
zuchenka zuchna
junior Girl Guide

Brownshirt n
brunatna koszula
a uniformed member of the Nazi party

Bruges /bɹuːʒ/ pn
Brugia
city in Belgium
town in Gironde, France

Brumaire /bɹuːˈmɛː/ /bɹʊˈmɛəɹ/ pn
brumaire
the second month of the French Republican Calendar

Brunei /bɹuːˈnaɪ/ pn
Brunei
a country in Southeast Asia

Bruneian adj
brunejski
pertaining to Brunei

Bruneian n
Brunejczyk Brunejka
person from Brunei

Brunswick pn
Brunszwik
Braunschweig, Germany

Brusselian adj
brukselski
of, from, or pertaining to, Brussels

Brusselian n
brukselczyk brukselka
someone from Brussels

Brussels /ˈbɹʌsəlz/ pn
Bruksela
capital of Belgium

Brussels sprout n
brukselka kapusta brukselska
vegetable

Brutalism n
brutalizm
style of modernist architecture

Brutus /ˈbɹutəs/ pn
Brutus
Roman cognomen

Bryansk pn
Briańsk
city in Russia

Brythonic /bɹɪˈθɒnɪk/ adj
brytański
of or relating to the Brythonic language subgroup

Bucephalus pn
Bucefał
the warhorse of Alexander the Great

Bucha /ˈbuːt͡ʃə/ pn
Bucza
city in Ukraine

Buchach pn
Buczacz
city in Ukraine

Bucharest /ˌb(j)uːkəˈɹɛst/ pn
Bukareszt
capital city of Romania

Bucharestian adj
bukareszteński
of, from, or pertaining to Bucharest

Bucharestian n
bukaresztenka bukareszteńczyk
someone from Bucharest

Buckingham Palace pn
pałac Buckingham
the official London residence of the British monarch

Buda-Kashalyova pn
Buda Koszelewska
A city in Belarus

Budapest /ˈbjuːdəpɛst/ /ˈbuːdəpɛst/ /ˈbʊdəpɛst/ /ˌbjuːdəˈpɛst/ /ˌbuːdəˈpɛst/ pn
Budapeszt
the capital city of Hungary

Budapestian adj
budapeszteński
of, from or pertaining to Budapest

Budapestian n
budapesztenka budapeszteńczyk
native or inhabitant of Budapest

Buddha /ˈbudə/ /ˈbʊdə/ /ˈbʊdːʰə/ pn
Budda
spiritual and philosophical teacher

Buddhahood n
oświecenie stan buddy
state of being enlightened by Buddhist teachings

Buddhism /ˈbu.dɪ.zəm/ /ˈbʊ.dɪ.zəm/ n
buddyzm
religion and philosophy

Buddhist /ˈbudɪst/ /ˈbʊdɪst/ adj
buddyjski
of, relating to, or practicing Buddhism

Buddhist /ˈbudɪst/ /ˈbʊdɪst/ n
buddysta buddystka buddyjka
practitioner of Buddhism

Buenos Aires /-nɒs/ /-ɹiːz/ /-ɹɪz/ /ˈɛ(ə)ɹ-/ /ˈɛ(ə)ɹɪs/ /ˌbweɪnoʊs ˈaɪɹɪs/ /ˌbweɪnəs ˈaɪɹɪs/ /ˌbwɛn-/ pn
Buenos Aires
capital of Argentina

Bug pn
Bug
river between Belarus and Poland

Buginese pn
bugijski
language

Bujumbura /ˌbuːdʒəmˈbʊəɹə/ /ˌbuːd͡ʒəmˈbʊɹə/ pn
Bużumbura
former capital of Burundi

Bukhara /buˈkɑːɹə/ pn
Buchara
city in Uzbekistan

Bukharan adj
bucharski
related to Bukhara

Bukovina pn
Bukowina
historical region

Bulgaria /bʊlˈɡɛɹ.i.ə/ /bʌlˈɡɛə.ɹi.ə/ /bʌlˈɡɛɹ.i.ə/ pn
Bułgaria
country

Bulgarian /bʊlˈɡɑɹi.ən/ /bʊlˈɡɛɹi.ən/ /bʌlˈɡɛə.ɹi.ən/ /bʌlˈɡɛɹi.ən/ adj
bułgarski
relating to Bulgaria, its people or the Bulgarian language

Bulgarian /bʊlˈɡɑɹi.ən/ /bʊlˈɡɛɹi.ən/ /bʌlˈɡɛə.ɹi.ən/ /bʌlˈɡɛɹi.ən/ n
Bułgar Bułgarka Bułgarzyn
native of Bulgaria
bułgarski
language

Bunhe pn
Bunhe
city in Ukraine

Bunsen burner n
palnik Bunsena
small laboratory gas burner

Burdigalian pn
burdygał

Burgas pn
Burgas
city in Bulgaria

Burgundy /ˈbɜːɡəndi/ /ˈbɝːɡəndi/ n
burgund
wine

Burgundy /ˈbɜːɡəndi/ /ˈbɝːɡəndi/ pn
Burgundia
region

Burkina Faso /bəɹˈkiːnə ˈfɑsoʊ/ pn
Burkina Faso
country

Burkinabe /bɜɹˌkinəˈbeɪ/ /bɜː(ɹ)ˌkiːnəˈbeɪ/ /ˌbɜɹkinəˈbeɪ/ /ˌbɜː(ɹ)kiːnəˈbeɪ/ adj
burkiński
from Burkina Faso

Burkinabe /bɜɹˌkinəˈbeɪ/ /bɜː(ɹ)ˌkiːnəˈbeɪ/ /ˌbɜɹkinəˈbeɪ/ /ˌbɜː(ɹ)kiːnəˈbeɪ/ n
Burkinka Burkińczyk
person from Burkina Faso

Burma /ˈbɜːmə/ /ˈbɝmə/ pn
Birma
Southeast Asian country (former name)

Burmese /bɜːˈmiːz/ /bɝˈmiz/ adj
birmański mjanmański
of or relating to Burma

Burmese /bɜːˈmiːz/ /bɝˈmiz/ n
Birmanka Birmańczyk Mjanmanka Mjanmańczyk
a person from Myanmar or of Burmese descent
kot burmański kot burmski
cat

Burmese /bɜːˈmiːz/ /bɝˈmiz/ pn
birmański
language

Burshtyn pn
Bursztyn
city in Ukraine

Burundi /bʊˈɹʊndi/ pn
Burundi
a country in Eastern Africa

Burundian adj
burundyjski
pertaining to Burundi

Burundian n
Burundyjczyk Burundyjka
person from Burundi

Burusho pn
Burusz

Buryat adj
buriacki
from, of, or pertaining to, Buryatia

Buryat n
Buriat Buriatka
person

Buryatia pn
Buriacja
Buryatia, Russia

Buryn pn
Buryń
city in Ukraine

Busan pn
Pusan
Busan, South Korea

Bushism pn
buszyzm
political philosophy

Busk pn
Busk
city in Ukraine

Byalynichy pn
Białynicze
A city in Belarus

Byarozawka pn
Brzozówka

Byblos pn
Byblos
port city in Lebanon

Bydgoszcz pn
Bydgoszcz
a city in Poland

Byelaazyorsk pn
Białooziersk
A city in Belarus

Byelorussian SSR /ˌbjɛləˈrʌʃən/ pn
Białoruska SRR
Soviet republic

Byerazino pn
Berezyna
A city in Belarus

Bykhaw pn
Bychów
A city in Belarus

Byron /ˈbaɪɹən/ pn
Bajron Byron
famous English poet

Byronic /baɪˈɹɒn.ɪk/ adj
bajroniczny bajronowski bajroński

Byronically adv
bajronicznie

Byronism /ˈbaɪ.ɹən.ɪzm̩/ n
bajronizm
admiration, emulation of Lord Byron

Byronist n
bajronista bajronistka

Byronize v
bajronizować
to look at the world as if one were a Byronic character

Byzantine /baɪˈzæntaɪn/ /bɪˈzæntaɪn/ /ˈbɪzəntaɪn/ /ˈbɪzəntiːn/ adj
bizantyjski bizantyński
of or pertaining to Byzantium
overly complex or intricate

Byzantine /baɪˈzæntaɪn/ /bɪˈzæntaɪn/ /ˈbɪzəntaɪn/ /ˈbɪzəntiːn/ n
Bizantyjczyk Bizantyńczyk Bizantyjka
native of Byzantine Empire

Byzantine Empire /ˈbɪzəntiːn ˈɛmpaɪə(ɹ)/ pn
Bizancjum cesarstwo bizantyjskie
Greek-speaking empire in the Eastern Mediterranean region

Byzantium /bɪˈzænti.əm/ pn
Bizancjum
ancient Greek city

Bălți pn
Bielce
a city and a municipality of Moldova

Będzin /ˈbɛnd͡ʒiːn/ /ˈbɛnd͡ʒɪn/ pn
Będzin
the city Będzin
the lake Będzin
the village Będzin in the Lower Silesian
the village Będzin in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship

C clef n
k klucz C
a clef

C minor n
c-moll
the minor chord with a root of C
the minor key with C as its tonic

C++ pn
C++
C++

CCP pn
KPCh
Chinese Communist Party

CCTV n
telewizja przemysłowa telewizja obserwacyjna
closed circuit television

CD /ˌsiːˈdiː/ n
CD
abbreviation of compact disc

CD burner n
nagrywarka CD
CD burner

CD-ROM /siː.diːˈɹɒm/ n
CD-ROM
CD-ROM

CE pn
n.e.
Common/Current/Christian Era

CIS pn
WNP
Commonwealth of Independent States

CJK pn
CJK
Chinese, Japanese, Korean

COPD n
POChP
disease

COVID-19 /ˈkoʊ.vɪd naɪnˈtin/ /ˈkɒ.vɪd naɪnˈtiːn/ /ˈkəʊ.vɪd naɪnˈtiːn/ /ˈkʌ.vɪd naɪnˈtin/ pn
COVID-19
disease

CPR n
RKO
cardiopulmonary resuscitation

CPU /(ˌ)siː(ˌ)piːˈjuː/ /ˌsi(ˌ)piˈju/ n
procesor
central processing unit

CSTO pn
OUBZ
Collective Security Treaty Organisation

CV n
CV cefałka curriculum vitae życiorys
curriculum vitae

Cadiz /kəˈdɪz/ /ˈkeɪ.diːz/ /ˈkɑːdɪz/ pn
Kadyks
port city in Andalusia, Spain

Caelum /ˈsiːləm/ pn
Rylec
constellation

Caesar /ˈkaɪzɑɹ/ /ˈkaɪzɑː/ /ˈkaɪzə/ /ˈkaɪzəɹ/ /ˈsizəɹ/ /ˈsiːzə/ n
cezar
a title of Roman emperors

Caesar /ˈkaɪzɑɹ/ /ˈkaɪzɑː/ /ˈkaɪzə/ /ˈkaɪzəɹ/ /ˈsizəɹ/ /ˈsiːzə/ pn
Cezar
ancient Roman family name

Caesar salad n
Cezar sałatka Cezar
Caesar salad

Caesarea /ˌsiːzəˈɹiːə/ pn
Cezarea
any of the places called Caesarea

Caesarean section n
cesarskie cięcie
incision in the womb

Cagliari /ˈkæljəɹi/ /ˈkɑːljəɹi/ /ˌkæliˈɑːɹi/ pn
Cagliari
capital city of Sardinia
province

Caiaphas /ˈkaɪ.ə.fəs/ pn
Kajfasz
A Jewish high priest in the first century CE.

Cain /keɪn/ [kʰeɪn] pn
Kain
son of Adam and Eve

Cairene adj
kairski
of or pertaining to Cairo

Cairo /keɪɹoʊ/ /kɛɹoʊ/ /ˈkaɪɹoʊ/ pn
Kair
capital of Egypt

Cajetan /ˈkæd͡ʒətən/ pn
Kajetan
male given name

Calabria /kəˈleɪbɹiːə/ /kəˈlæbɹiːə/ pn
Kalabria
region of Italy

Calabrian /kəˈleɪbɹiːən/ /kəˈlæbɹiːən/ pn
kalabr
subdivision of the Pleistocene

Calais /kæˈleɪ/ /ˈkæleɪ/ /ˈkælɪs/ pn
Calais
a town in France

Calapan /ˈkɑlɑpæn/ pn
Calapan
city in the Philippines

Caledonia /kælɪˈdəʊnɪə/ pn
Kaledonia
Latin-based name for Scotland

Caledonian /ˌkæləˈdoʊni.ən/ /ˌkæləˈdəʊni.ən/ adj
kaledoński
in or from Caledonia

California /-njə/ /ˌkæl.ɪˈfoɹ.ni.ə/ /ˌkæl.ɪˈfoɹ.njə/ /ˌkæl.ɪˈfɔɹ.njə/ /ˌkæl.ɪˈfɔː.ni.ə/ /ˌkæl.ɪˈfɔː.njə/ /ˌkæl.ɪˈfɔː.nɪ.ə/ [ˌkʰæl.ɪˈfo̞ɹ.njə] pn
Kalifornia
US state

Californian adj
kalifornijski
of or relating to California

Californian n
Kalifornijczyk Kalifornijka
an inhabitant of California

Calliope /kə.ˈlaɪ.ə.pi/ /kə.ˈliː.ə.pi/ pn
Kaliopa
the Muse of eloquence and epic

Callisto /kəˈlɪs.toʊ̯/ pn
Kallisto
in Greek mythology
satellite of Jupiter

Callovian pn
kelowej

Calvary /ˈkælvəɹi/ pn
Golgota Kalwaria
the hill outside Jerusalem

Calvin /ˈkælvɪn/ pn
Kalwin
surname

Calvinism n
kalwinizm
Christian religious tradition

Calvinist /ˈkælvənɪst/ /ˈkælvɪnɪst/ adj
kalwiński kalwinistyczny
of or pertaining to Calvinism or the Calvinists

Calvinist /ˈkælvənɪst/ /ˈkælvɪnɪst/ n
kalwinista kalwinistka
follower

Cambodia [kæmˈboʊdi.ə] pn
Kambodża
country in Southeast Asia

Cambodian adj
kambodżański
of, from, or pertaining to Cambodia, the Cambodian people, or the Khmer language

Cambodian n
Kambodżanin Kambodżanka
a person from Cambodia or of Cambodian descent

Cambrian /ˈkam.bɹɪ.ən/ /ˈkeɪm.bɹi.ən/ /ˈkæm.bɹi.ən/ pn
kambr
the Cambrian geologic period

Cambrian explosion /ˈkam.bɹɪ.ən ɪkˈspləʊ.ʒən/ /ˈkæm.bɹi.ən ɛkˈsploʊ.ʒən/ pn
eksplozja kambryjska
the rapid appearance, around 541 million years ago, of most major animal phyla

Camelopardalis pn
Żyrafa
constellation

Cameroon /kæməˈɹuːn/ pn
Kamerun
country in Central Africa

Cameroonian adj
kameruński
pertaining to Cameroon

Cameroonian n
Kameruńczyk Kamerunka
person from Cameroon

Camilla /kəˈmɪlə/ pn
Kamila
female given name

Camorra /kəˈmɒɹə/ /kəˈmɔɹə/ pn
kamora camorra kamorra
crime organization from Naples

Camorrista /ˌkaməˈɹɪstə/ /ˌkɑməˈɹistə/ n
kamorysta kamorystka
member of the Camorra

Canaan /ˈkeɪneɪən/ /ˈkeɪniən/ /ˈkeɪnən/ pn
Kanaan
historic region

Canaan Dog n
pies kananejski
Canaan Dog

Canada /ˈkænədə/ [kʰeənədə] [kʰɛəɾ̃əɾə] pn
Kanada
country in North America

Canadian /kə.ˈneɪ.di.ən/ [kʰə.ˈneɪ.ɾi.ən] adj
kanadyjski
of or pertaining to Canada
of or pertaining to Canadian (the language), Canadian English

Canadian /kə.ˈneɪ.di.ən/ [kʰə.ˈneɪ.ɾi.ən] n
Kanadyjczyk Kanadyjka
person from Canada

Canadian football n
futbol kanadyjski
sport

Canary Islands /kəˈnɛəɹi ˌaɪləndz/ pn
Wyspy Kanaryjskie
an archipelago off the coast of north-western Africa

Canberra /ˈkæmbɹə/ /ˈkænbəɹə/ /ˈkænbɹə/ /ˈkænˌbɛɹə/ pn
Canberra
capital of Australia

Cancer /ˈkænsə/ /ˈkænsɚ/ pn
Rak
constellation
astrological sign

Candace /ˈkæn.dɪs/ n
Kandake
female given name

Canes Venatici pn
Psy Gończe
constellation

Canis Major pn
Wielki Pies
winter constellation of the northern sky

Canis Minor pn
Mały Pies
small winter constellation of the northern sky

Cannes /ˈkæn/ pn
Cannes
a city in France

Cannizzaro reaction n
reakcja Cannizzaro
reaction

Cantabria /kænˈtæbɹiə/ pn
Kantabria
autonomous community

Cantabrian adj
kantabryjski
pertaining to Cantabria

Cantabrian n
Kantabryjczyk
person from Cantabria

Cantabrian pn
kantabryjski
language

Cantabrian Mountains pn
Góry Kantabryjskie
mountain range

Canterbury /ˈkæntəbəɹi/ /ˈkæntəbəɹɪ/ /ˈkæntəbɹɪ/ /ˈkɛntɘbɘɹi/ /ˈkɛntɘbɹi/ pn
Canterbury
cathedral city in England

Cantonese /kæn.təˈniz/ /kæn.təˈniːz/ adj
kantoński
relating to Canton
relating to the Cantonese language
relating to the Cantonese people

Cantonese /kæn.təˈniz/ /kæn.təˈniːz/ n
kantonka kantończyk
person from Canton
kantoński
language

Canute /kəˈn(j)uːt/ pn
Kanut
Male given name

Cape Town /ˈkeɪp ˌtaʊn/ pn
Kapsztad
legislative capital of South Africa

Cape Verde /keɪp ˈvɝd/ /keɪp ˈvɝdi/ pn
Republika Zielonego Przylądka Zielony Przylądek
country in Western Africa

Cape Verdean n
Kabowerdyjczyk Kabowerdyjka
a person from Cape Verde or of Cape Verdean descent

Cape fox n
lis przylądkowy
Vulpes chama

Cape gooseberry n
miechunka peruwiańska
plant

Cape of Good Hope pn
Przylądek Dobrej Nadziei
a cape in southwestern South Africa

Cape wagtail n
pliszka obrożna
Motacilla capensis

Capernaum pn
Kafarnaum
The biblical town

Capitanian pn
kapitan
subdivision of the Permian

Capitol pn
Kapitol Stanów Zjednoczonych
legislative building in Washington, D.C.

Capitoline Hill pn
Kapitol
hill in Rome

Cappadocia /-ˈdoʊkiə/ /kæpəˈdoʊʃə/ pn
Kapadocja
ancient region

Cappadocian /kæpəˈdəʊʃi.ən/ /kæpəˈdəʊʃən/ adj
kapadocki
of or pertaining to Cappadocia

Capricorn /ˈkæp.ɹɪˌkɔɹn/ /ˈkæp.ɹɪˌkɔːn/ pn
Koziorożec
astrological sign

Capricornus /ˌkæpɹɪˈkɔːnəs/ /ˌkæpɹɪˈkɔːɹnəs/ pn
Koziorożec
constellation

Captain Obvious /-ən -/ /ˌkæptən ˈɑbviəs/ /ˌkæptɪn ˈɒbviəs/ n
Kapitan Oczywisty
someone who makes superfluous statements

Capuchin n
kapucyn
a member of the Roman Catholic order

Caracalla /ˌkærəˈkælə/ pn
Karakalla
emperor

Caracas /kəˈɹækəs/ pn
Caracas
capital of Venezuela

Carboniferous adj
karboński
relating to the geologic period

Carboniferous pn
karbon
the geologic period

Care Bears pn
Troskliwe Misie
fictional group of multi-colored bear characters

Caria pn
Karia
a historical region in the southwest corner of Asia Minor

Carian /ˈkɛə.ɹɪ.ən/ /ˈkɛɚ.i.ən/ /ˈkɛɹ.i.ən/ /ˈkɛː.ɹɪ.ən/ adj
karyjski
of, or relating to Caria

Carian /ˈkɛə.ɹɪ.ən/ /ˈkɛɚ.i.ən/ /ˈkɛɹ.i.ən/ /ˈkɛː.ɹɪ.ən/ pn
karyjski
language

Caribbean /kəˈɹɪbiən/ /ˌkæɹɪˈbiːən/ adj
karaibski
pertaining to the sea and region bounded by the American continent and the West Indies

Caribbean /kəˈɹɪbiən/ /ˌkæɹɪˈbiːən/ n
Karaib Karaibka
people from the Caribbean region

Caribbean /kəˈɹɪbiən/ /ˌkæɹɪˈbiːən/ pn
Karaiby
countries
Morze Karaibskie

Caribbean Sea pn
Morze Karaibskie
a tropical sea in the Western Hemisphere

Carina pn
Kil
constellation

Carinthia /kəˈrɪnθiə/ pn
Karyntia
state of Austria

Carmelite n
karmelita karmelitanka
member of a certain Catholic religious order

Carniola /kɑɹniˈoʊlə/ pn
Kraina
historical regional comprising parts of modern Slovenia

Carniolan honeybee n
krainka pszczoła kraińska pszczoła krajeńska
subspecies of the honeybee

Caro-Kann Defence n
obrona Caro-Kann
chess opening

Carolina chickadee n
sikora karolińska
Poecile carolinensis

Caroline /ˈkæ.ɹəˌlaɪn/ /ˈkæ.ɹəˌlɪn/ /ˈkɛɹ.əˌlaɪn/ pn
Karolina
female given name

Carpathian adj
karpacki
relating to the Carpathians

Carpathians /kɑː(ɹ)ˈpeɪ.θi.ənz/ pn
Karpaty
mountainous system in Central Europe

Cartesian /kɑɹˈti.ʒən/ /kɑːɹ ˈtiːziən/ adj
kartezjański
of or pertaining to Descartes
of or pertaining to coordinates based on orthogonal axes

Cartesian /kɑɹˈti.ʒən/ /kɑːɹ ˈtiːziən/ n
kartezjanin
follower of Cartesianism

Cartesian coordinates n
współrzędne kartezjańskie
coordinates of a point

Cartesian plane n
płaszczyzna kartezjańska
coordinate plane with Cartesian coordinates

Cartesian product n
iloczyn kartezjański produkt kartezjański
set of possible pairs

Cartesianism n
kartezjanizm
The philosophy of René Descartes

Carthage /ˈkɑɹθɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈkɑːθɪdʒ/ pn
Kartagina
ancient city in North Africa

Carthaginian /ˌkɑɹθəˈd͡ʒɪniən/ /ˌkɑːθəˈd͡ʒɪniən/ adj
kartagiński
of or pertaining to Carthage

Carthaginian peace n
nierówny pokój

Casablanca /kæsəˈblæŋkə/ pn
Casablanca Casablanka
largest city of Morocco

Casanova /ˌkæsəˈnoʊvə/ /ˌkæsəˈnəʊvə/ /ˌkæzəˈnoʊvə/ /ˌkæzəˈnəʊvə/ n
Don Juan casanova donżuan
promiscuous, philandering man
casanova Don Juan donżuan
man considered romantic and gallant

Casimir /ˈkæzɪmɪɚ/ pn
Kazimierz
male given name

Caspar pn
Kacper
male given name
one of the Magi

Caspian /ˈkæspi.ən/ adj
kaspijski
Of or pertaining to Caspian Sea or the region around it.

Caspian Sea /ˈkæspi.ən ˈsiː/ pn
Morze Kaspijskie
landlocked sea

Caspian gull n
mewa białogłowa
Larus cachinnans

Cassandra /kəˈsæn.dɹə/ /kəˈsɑːn.dɹə/ n
kasandra
person who makes dire predictions

Cassandra /kəˈsæn.dɹə/ /kəˈsɑːn.dɹə/ pn
Kasandra
prophetess who was daughter of King Priam of Troy

Cassia crossbill n
krzyżodziób wyżynny
Loxia sinesciuris

Cassiopeia /ˌkæs.i.əˈpiː.ə/ pn
Kasjopeja
constellation
mythical wife of Cepheus

Castelnau's antshrike n
chronka smolista
passerine bird of the antbird family

Castile /kasˈtiːɫ/ /kəsˈtiːl/ pn
Kastylia
medieval Iberian kingdom

Castile and León pn
Kastylia i León
autonomous community of Spain

Castile soap n
mydło kastylijskie
type of soap

Castilian /kəˈstɪljən/ pn
kastylijski
standard variety of European Spanish

Castries /ˈkæstɹiːz/ pn
Castries
capital of Saint Lucia

Catalan /ˈkæ.tə.lən/ /ˈkæ.tə.ˌlæn/ adj
kataloński
Of or pertaining to Catalonia

Catalan /ˈkæ.tə.lən/ /ˈkæ.tə.ˌlæn/ n
Katalonka Katalończyk
person from Catalonia

Catalan /ˈkæ.tə.lən/ /ˈkæ.tə.ˌlæn/ pn
kataloński
language of Catalonia

Catalanness n
katalońskość
identification or conformity with Catalan values and customs

Catalonia /ˌkæt.əˈləʊn.i.ə/ pn
Katalonia
autonomous community in Spain

Catania pn
Katania
capital of Catania
province of Sicily

Catch-22 n
Paragraf 22 błędne koło paradoks literacki
difficult situation

Cathar /ˈkæθɑɹ/ n
katar
member of one or more medieval Christian sects

Cathay /kæˈθeɪ/ pn
Kataj
Medieval northern China

Catherine /ˈkæθ(ə)ɹɪn/ pn
Katarzyna
female given name

Catholic /ˈkæθ(ə)lɪk/ adj
katolicki
of the Western Christian church, as differentiated from the Orthodox church
rzymskokatolicki katolicki
of the Roman Catholic church

Catholic /ˈkæθ(ə)lɪk/ n
katolik katoliczka
member of a Catholic church

Catholic Church n
Kościół katolicki
24 particular churches in full communion with the Pope as the Bishop of Rome

Catholicism /kəˈθɒlɪsɪzm/ n
katolicyzm
faiths, practices and doctrines of a Catholic Church

Caucasian /-ʃən/ /kɑˈkeɪ.ʒən/ /kɔˈkeɪ.ʒən/ /kɔːˈkeɪ.zɪ.ən/ /kɔːˈkeɪ.ʒən/ adj
kaukaski
of a racial classification pertaining to people having certain phenotypical features such as straight, curly, or wavy hair and very light to brown pigmented skin
of or relating to the Caucasus region or its culture, languages, and people

Caucasology n
Kaukazologia
the historical, linguistic or geopolitical studies of the Caucasus

Caucasus /ˈkɔːkəsəs/ pn
Kaukaz
geographic region

Cayenne /kaɪˈɛn/ /keɪˈɛn/ pn
Kajenna
capital city of French Guiana

Cayman Islands pn
Kajmany
British territory in the Caribbean

Ceará /seɪ.əˈɹɑː/ pn
Ceará
state in north-eastern Brazil

Cebes pn
Kebes
An ancient Greek philosopher

Cecil /ˈsiːsəl/ /ˈsɛsəl/ pn
Cecyliusz
male given name

Cecilia /sɪˈsiːli.ə/ /sɪˈsɪli.ə/ pn
Cecylia
female given name

Celia pn
Celia Celina
female given name

Celine pn
Celina
female given name

Celt /kɛlt/ /sɛlt/ n
Celt
ancient

Celtiberian /ˌkɛlt.aɪˈbɪ(ə)r.i.ən/ /ˌkɛlt.ɪˈbɪ(ə)r.i.ən/ /ˌsɛlt.aɪˈbɪ(ə)r.i.ən/ /ˌsɛlt.ɪˈbɪ(ə)r.i.ən/ pn
celtyberyjski
language

Celtic /ˈkɛltɪk/ /ˈsɛltɪk/ adj
celtycki
of the Celts; of the style of the Celts

Celtic /ˈkɛltɪk/ /ˈsɛltɪk/ pn
celtycki
branch of languages

Celtic Sea pn
Morze Celtyckie
sea

Celtic cross n
krzyż celtycki

Celtic studies n
celtologia
academic discipline

Cenomanian pn
cenoman

Cenozoic /k/ /s/ /ˌkeɪnəʊˈzəʊɪk/ /ˌkɛnɵˈzoʊɪk/ /ˌsinɵˈzoʊɪk/ /ˌsiːnɵˈzəʊɪk/ /ˌsɛnɵˈzoʊɪk/ /ˌsɛnɵˈzəʊɪk/ adj
kenozoiczny
of a geological era from 65 million years ago to present

Cenozoic /k/ /s/ /ˌkeɪnəʊˈzəʊɪk/ /ˌkɛnɵˈzoʊɪk/ /ˌsinɵˈzoʊɪk/ /ˌsiːnɵˈzəʊɪk/ /ˌsɛnɵˈzoʊɪk/ /ˌsɛnɵˈzəʊɪk/ pn
era kenozoiczna kenozoik
geological epoch

Centaurus /sɛnˈtɒrəs/ /sɛnˈtɔːrəs/ pn
Centaur
spring constellation of the northern sky

Central African Republic /ˈsɛntɹəl ˈæfɹɪkən ɹɪˈpʌblɪk/ pn
Republika Środkowoafrykańska
country in Central Africa

Central America /ˌsɛntɹəl əˈmɛɹɪkə/ pn
Ameryka Centralna Ameryka Środkowa
part of North America

Central American adj
środkowoamerykański
relating to Central America

Central Asia pn
Azja Środkowa
smaller area of Central Asia

Central Asian adj
środkowoazjatycki
of Central Asia

Central Europe /ˈsɛntɹəl ˈjʊəɹəp/ /ˈsɛntɹəl ˈjʊɹəp/ pn
Europa Środkowa
geographical region in the center of Europe

Central European adj
środkowoeuropejski centralnoeuropejski
of or from Central Europe

Central European n
Centralna Europejka centralny Europejczyk Środkowa Europejka Środkowoeuropejczyk Środkowoeuropejka Środkowy Europejczyk
Central European person

Central Luzon pn
Centralny Luzon
region of the Philippines

Cephalonia /ˌkɛfəˈləʊniə/ /ˌsɛfəˈləʊniə/ pn
Kefalinia
Greek island

Cephas /ˈsi.fəs/ pn
Kefas
apostle Peter
male given name

Cepheus /ˈsiːfi.əs/ /ˈsiːfjuːs/ pn
Cefeusz
mythical husband of Cassiopeia
constellation

Cerberus /ˈsɝbəɹəs/ pn
Cerber
mythological three-headed dog

Ceres /ˈsɪəɹiːz/ pn
Ceres
Roman goddess
asteroid

Cetinje pn
Cetynia
city

Cetti's warbler /ˈtʃɛtiz/ n
wierzbówka zwyczajna
Cetti's warbler

Cetus pn
Wieloryb
winter constellation of the northern sky

Ceylon /seɪˈlɑn/ /siˈlɑn/ /sɪˈlɒn/ pn
Cejlon

Chad /t͡ʃæd/ pn
Czad
country
lake

Chadian adj
czadyjski
pertaining to Chad

Chadian n
Czadyjczyk Czadyjka
person from Chad

Chadic adj
czadyjski
belonging or relating to the Chadic language family

Chakavian pn
czakawski

Chaldea /kælˈdi.ə/ pn
Chaldeja
region in the southern portion of Babylonia

Chaldean /kælˈdi.ən/ adj
chaldejski
of Chaldea

Chaldean /kælˈdi.ən/ n
Chaldejczyk Chaldejka
native of Chaldea

Chamaeleon pn
Kameleon
small circumpolar constellation of the southern sky

Champa /ˈtʃæm.pə/ pn
Czampa
Cham polities

Champagne n
Szampania
region of France

Changhsingian pn
czangsing

Channel Islands /ˈtʃænəl ˌaɪləndz/ pn
Wyspy Normandzkie
group of islands in the English Channel

Chapman's antshrike n
chronka jasnobrzucha
bird

Charlemagne /ˈʃɑɹləˌmeɪn/ /ˈʃɑːləˌmeɪn/ /ˈʃɑːrləmeɪn/ /ˌʃɑːrləˈmeɪn/ pn
Karol Wielki
king of the Franks

Charles /t͡ʃɑɹlz/ /t͡ʃɑːlz/ /t͡ʃɑ˞lz/ pn
Karol
given name

Charles's law /ˌtʃɑːlz ˈlɔː/ pn
prawo Charles'a
physical law stating the density of an ideal gas is inversely proportional to its temperature at constant pressure

Charlotte /ˈʃaɹlət/ /ˈʃaːlət/ /ˈʃɑɹlət/ /ˈʃɑːlət/ pn
Szarlota
female given name

Charon /-ɹən/ /ˈkɛəɹɑn/ /ˈkɛəɹɒn/ /ˈkɛəɹən/ /ˈkɛːrən/ /ˈʃɛəɹɑn/ pn
Charon
a moon of Pluto
the ferryman of Hades

Chartism pn
czartyzm
a movement for political and social reform in the United Kingdom during the mid-19th century

Chartist adj
czartystowski
relating to Chartism

Chartist n
czartysta
a supporter of the Chartism reform movement

Charybdis /kəˈɹɪbdɪs/ pn
Charybda
Greek mythological monster

Chasiv Yar pn
Czasiw Jar Czasów Jar

Chattian pn
szat
a subdivision of the Oligocene epoch

Cheboksary /ˌt͡ʃɛbɒkˈsæɹiː/ pn
Czeboksary
city

Chechen /ˈtʃɛ.tʃən/ /ˈtʃɛ.tʃɛn/ adj
czeczeński
of or relating to the Chechen people

Chechen /ˈtʃɛ.tʃən/ /ˈtʃɛ.tʃɛn/ n
Czeczen Czeczenka
A member of the Chechen people

Chechen /ˈtʃɛ.tʃən/ /ˈtʃɛ.tʃɛn/ pn
czeczeński
language

Chechenization n
czeczenizacja
process of Chechen

Chechenize v
czeczenizować
to make or render Chechen

Chechnya /ˈt͡ʃɛtʃ.ni.ə/ [ˈt͡ʃɛtʃ.ɲi.ə] pn
Czeczenia
republic of Russia

Cheka /ˈtʃɛkə/ pn
Czeka
Soviet security organization

Chekist n
czekista czekistka
agent of the Cheka

Chelm [χɛlm] pn
Chełm
city in Poland

Chelyabinsk /tʃɛlˈjæbɪnsk/ pn
Czelabińsk
city

Chemnitz /ˈkɛmnɪts/ pn
Kamienica Saska
city in Saxony

Chennai /ˈt͡ʃɛnaɪ/ pn
Chennai
state capital of Tamil Nadu, India

Cherkasy pn
Czerkasy
city
Obwód czerkaski
oblast

Cherkessk pn
Czerkiesk
city in Russia

Chernihiv /-ˈnihɪv/ /t͡ʃəɹˈnihiv/ /t͡ʃəˈniːhiːv/ /t͡ʃɛɹ-/ /ˈt͡ʃəɹnəˌhiv/ pn
Czernihów
city
Obwód czernihowski
oblast

Chernivtsi /t͡ʃəniːvˈtsiː/ /t͡ʃəɹnivˈtsi/ /t͡ʃəɹˈnivtsi/ /t͡ʃəˈniːvtsi/ pn
Czerniowce
city
Obwód czerniowiecki
oblast

Chernobyl /tʃɜːˈnɒbəl/ /tʃɜːˈnəʊbəl/ /t͡ʃɚˈnoʊbəl/ pn
Czarnobyl
city in Ukraine

Chernyakhovsk pn
Czerniachowsk Wystruć

Cherokee /ˈt͡ʃɛ.ɹə.ˌkiː/ pn
Czirokezi
indigenous North American people
czirokeski
language

Chervonohrad pn
Czerwonogród
city

Cheshire cat /ˌtʃɛʃə ˈkat/ /ˌtʃɛʃɚ ˈkæt/ pn
Kot z Cheshire Kot-Dziwak z Cheshire
fictional grinning cat

Cheshire cheese n
cheshire chester
type of cheese

Cheyenne /ʃaɪˈɛn/ n
Czejen Czejenka
member of the Cheyenne people

Chiang Mai /t͡ʃi.ɑːŋ ˈmaɪ/ pn
Chiang Mai
city in Thailand

Chicago /ʃəˈkɑː.ɡo/ /ʃəˈkɔː.ɡo/ /ʃɪˈkɑ.ɡoʊ/ /ʃɪˈkɑː.ɡəʊ/ /ʃɪˈkɔ.ɡoʊ/ [ʃɪˈkä(ː).ɡo] pn
Chicago
large US city

Chieti pn
Chieti
capital of Chieti province
province of Italy

Chihuahua /t͡ʃɪˈwaʊ(w).ə/ /t͡ʃɪˈwɑːwɑː/ n
chihuahua
breed of dog

Chile /ˈt͡ʃileɪ/ /ˈt͡ʃilɛ/ /ˈt͡ʃiː.leɪ/ /ˈt͡ʃɪl.e/ /ˈt͡ʃɪli/ pn
Chile
country in South America

Chilean /t͡ʃɪˈleɪən/ /t͡ʃɪˈliːən/ /ˈt͡ʃɪli.ən/ adj
chilijski
pertaining to Chile
pertaining to a Chilean person or Chileans

Chilean /t͡ʃɪˈleɪən/ /t͡ʃɪˈliːən/ /ˈt͡ʃɪli.ən/ n
Chilijka Chilijczyk
person from Chile

Chimera /kaɪˈmɪɹə/ /kəˈmɪɹə/ /kɪˈmɪəɹə/ /kʌɪˈmɪəɹə/ pn
Chimera
Greek myth: monster killed by Bellerophon

China /ˈt͡ʃaɪnə/ [ˈt͡ʃ(ʰ)aɪ̯nə] pn
Chiny
region corresponding to the People's Republic of China and Taiwan
civilization of the Chinese people
Chiny Chińska Republika Ludowa
country in East Asia

China syndrome n
chiński syndrom
meltdown of a nuclear reactor

Chinaman /ˈt͡ʃaɪnəmən/ /ˈt͡ʃaɪnəmɪn/ n
chinol
a man who is Chinese, a Chinese man

Chinatown /ˈtʃaɪnətaʊn/ /ˈt͡ʃaɪnəˌtaʊn/ n
chińska dzielnica
a Chinese district outside China

Chinese /t͡ʃaɪˈniːz/ /ˈt͡ʃaɪniːz/ /ˈt͡ʃaɪˌniz/ /ˈt͡ʃʌɪˌniz/ /ˌt͡ʃaɪˈniz/ /ˌt͡ʃʌɪˈniz/ [ˈt͡ʃəɪˌniˑz] [ˌt͡ʃəɪˈniːz] adj
chiński
of, from, or relating to China, its people, its culture, and its language

Chinese /t͡ʃaɪˈniːz/ /ˈt͡ʃaɪniːz/ /ˈt͡ʃaɪˌniz/ /ˈt͡ʃʌɪˌniz/ /ˌt͡ʃaɪˈniz/ /ˌt͡ʃʌɪˈniz/ [ˈt͡ʃəɪˌniˑz] [ˌt͡ʃəɪˈniːz] n
Chińczyk Chinka
person from China or of Chinese descent
chińszczyzna
Chinese food

Chinese /t͡ʃaɪˈniːz/ /ˈt͡ʃaɪniːz/ /ˈt͡ʃaɪˌniz/ /ˈt͡ʃʌɪˌniz/ /ˌt͡ʃaɪˈniz/ /ˌt͡ʃʌɪˈniz/ [ˈt͡ʃəɪˌniˑz] [ˌt͡ʃəɪˈniːz] pn
Chińczycy
the people of China
chiński mandaryński
the standard language of China
pismo chińskie Chiński
writing system of Chinese

Chinese Crested Dog n
grzywacz chiński
Chinese Crested Dog

Chinese Taipei pn
Chińskie Tajpej
a name under which Taiwan participates in international organisations

Chinese alligator n
aligator chiński

Chinese water torture n
chińska tortura wodna
torture method

Chinese whispers n
głuchy telefon
game

Chink /t͡ʃɪŋk/ n
kitajec Żółtek
offensive: Chinese person

Chios /ˈki.ɑs/ /ˈkiː.ɒs/ pn
Chios
city
island

Chita /t͡ʃɪˈtɑː/ /t͡ʃɪˈtə/ pn
Czyta
city in Russia

Chitral pn
Czitral
Chitral (all senses)

Chișinău /ˌkɪʃɪˈnaʊ/ pn
Kiszyniów
capital city and a municipality of Moldova

Chloe /ˈkloʊ.i/ pn
Chloe
female given name

Chloris pn
Chloris
goddess of flora

Chop pn
Czop

Chopin pn
Chopin Szopen
surname

Chornobaivka pn
Czornobajiwka

Chornomorsk pn
Czarnomorsk

Chortkiv pn
Czortków
city

Chorzów pn
Chorzów
city on the Rawa in southern Poland

Chosen People n
naród wybrany

Chow Chow n
chow-chow czau-czau
dog breed

Christ /kɹaɪst/ n
Chrystus
figure or other artistic depiction of Jesus Christ

Christ /kɹaɪst/ pn
Chrystus
title for Jesus of Nazareth
messiah predicted in Jewish prophesy

Christ child pn
Boże Dziecię Dzieciąteczko Dzieciątko Dzieciątko Jezus Jezusek
Child Jesus

Christ the Redeemer pn
Chrystus Zbawiciel Statua Chrystusa Zbawiciela
the Brazilian statue

Christadelphian n
chrystadelfianin
a member of a certain nontrinitarian Christian denomination

Christian /ˈkɹɪstjən/ /ˈkɹɪst͡ʃən/ /ˈkɹɪʃt͡ʃən/ adj
chrześcijański chrześcijanin
of, like or relating to Christianity or Christians

Christian /ˈkɹɪstjən/ /ˈkɹɪst͡ʃən/ /ˈkɹɪʃt͡ʃən/ n
chrześcijanin chrześcijanka
member of the Christian religion

Christian /ˈkɹɪstjən/ /ˈkɹɪst͡ʃən/ /ˈkɹɪʃt͡ʃən/ pn
Krystian
male given name

Christian Democracy n
chadecja chrześcijańska demokracja
political ideology

Christian Democrat n
chadek
supporter

Christian Democratic adj
chadecki
of or pertaining to Christian Democracy or Christian Democrats

Christian name n
imię chrzcielne
first name at Christian baptism

Christianity /ˌkɹɪstiˈænɪti/ /ˌkɹɪst͡ʃiˈænɪti/ pn
chrześcijaństwo
monotheistic religion

Christianization n
chrystianizacja
converting to Christianity

Christianize v
chrystianizować schrystianizować
to (cause to) convert to Christianity

Christianophobia n
chrystianofobia

Christina /kɹɪsˈtiːnə/ pn
Krystyna
female given name

Christmas /ˈkɹɪsməs/ pn
Boże Narodzenie
festival or holiday commemorating the birth of Jesus Christ which in Western Christianity is celebrated on December 25 in most places

Christmas Day n
Boże Narodzenie pierwszy dzień świąt
the 25th of December

Christmas Eve pn
Wigilia
day before Christmas Day
evening before Christmas Day

Christmas Island pn
Wyspa Bożego Narodzenia
non self-governing territory of Australia

Christmas carol n
kolęda
hymn whose lyrics are on the theme of Christmas

Christmas season n
okres bożonarodzeniowy okres świąteczny
Christmas season, yuletide, Christmastide

Christmas tree /ˈkɹɪsməs tɹiː/ n
choinka
tree used during the Christmas holiday season

Christo- prefix
chrysto-

Christological adj
chrystologiczny
of or pertaining to Christology

Christology /kɹɪˈstɒləd͡ʒi/ n
chrystologia
field of study
particular theory

Christopher /ˈkɹɪs.tə.fɚ/ pn
Krzysztof
a male given name

Chromel n
chromel

Chronicles pn
Księga Kronik
book of the Bible

Chrysanthemum Throne pn
Chryzantemowy tron
Japanese monarchy

Chrysostom /ˈkɹɪsəstəm/ pn
Chryzostom
epithet

Chudniv pn
Cudnów
city

Chudskoye pn
Jezioro Czudzkie Pejpus
a lake between Russia and Estonia

Chuhuiv pn
Czuhujew
city

Chukchi /ˈt͡ʃukt͡ʃiː/ adj
czukocki
relating to Chukotka

Chukchi /ˈt͡ʃukt͡ʃiː/ n
Czukcza
person

Chukchi /ˈt͡ʃukt͡ʃiː/ pn
czukocki
language

Chukchi Sea pn
Morze Czukockie
part of the Arctic Ocean

Chukotka pn
Czukotka
short for Chukchi Peninsula
short for Chukotka Autonomous Okrug

Church Father /ˈt͡ʃɜːt͡ʃ fɑːðə(ɹ)/ /ˈt͡ʃɝt͡ʃ fɑ.ðɚ/ n
Ojciec Kościoła
authoritative ancient male Christian author

Church Slavonic pn
cerkiewno-słowiański
liturgical language

Church of England pn
Kościół Anglii
established Christian church in England

Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints pn
Kościół Jezusa Chrystusa Świętych w Dniach Ostatnich
major denomination of the Latter Day Saint movement

Church of Scotland pn
Kościół Szkocji
national Presbyterian church of Scotland

Chuukese n
język chuuk
member of an ethnic group

Chuvash /t͡ʃʊˈvɑːʃ/ adj
czuwaski
from, or pertaining to Chuvashia

Chuvash /t͡ʃʊˈvɑːʃ/ n
Czuwasz Czuwaszka
person

Chuvashia /t͡ʃuːˈvɑːʃɪə/ pn
Czuwaszja
federal subject of Russia

Chyhyryn pn
Czehryń

Chystiakove pn
Czystiakowe
city

Chöd pn
czod
spiritual practice

Cicero /ˈkɪkɛɹoʊ/ /ˈkɪkɛɹəʊ/ /ˈsɪsəɹoʊ/ /ˈsɪsəɹəʊ/ pn
Cyceron
Roman statesman and orator

Cieszyn pn
Cieszyn
city in Poland

Cilicia /sɪˈlɪsɪə/ /sɪˈlɪʃə/ pn
Cylicja
ancient region

Cimmerian /sɪˈmɪəɹ.ɪ.ən/ /sɪˈmɪɹ.i.ən/ n
Kimmeryjczyk Kimmeryjka
any of the mythical people supposed to inhabit a land of perpetual darkness

Cinderella /ˌsɪndəˈɹɛlə/ pn
Kopciuszek
fairy tale
main character in this fairy tale

Cipriano pn
Cyprian
male given name

Circassia pn
Czerkiesja

Circinus pn
Cyrkiel
a small constellation of the southern winter sky

Cistercian n
cysters
member of the Cistercian Order

Cisuralian pn
cisural
Cisuralian epoch

Citroën /ˈsɪtɹoʊn/ /ˈsɪtɹən/ /ˈsɪtɹəʊn/ pn
Citroën
car brand

City of Angels pn
Miasto Aniołów

Clara /ˈklæɹə/ /ˈklɑːɹə/ /ˈklɛəɹə/ pn
Klara
cognates and transliterations of the name Clara

Clarissa /kləˈɹɪsə/ n
Klarysa
female given name

Classical Arabic pn
klasyczny język arabski
Classical Arabic

Claude /klɔːd/ pn
Klaudiusz
male given name

Claudia /ˈklaʊ.di.ə/ /ˈklɔː.di.ə/ pn
Klaudia
female given name

Cleopatra /kliːoʊˈpætɹə/ pn
Kleopatra
a given name of women in the Ptolemy dynasty

Cleveland /ˈkliːv.lənd/ pn
Cleveland
city in Ohio

Clio /ˈklaɪ.oʊ/ /ˈkliːoʊ/ pn
Klio
the Muse of history and heroic poetry

Cloelia pn
Klelia
legendary woman

Cluj-Napoca pn
Kluż-Napoka
city in Romania

Clytemnestra /ˌklaɪtəmˈnɛstɹə/ /ˌklaɪtɪmˈnɛstɹə/ pn
Klitajmestra
Agamemnon's wife

Coca-Cola pn
coca-cola cola kola
particular carbonated soft drink

Cocha antshrike n
chronka ekwadorska
passerine bird of the antbird family

Cockaigne /kɒˈkeɪn/ /kəˈkeɪn/ pn
Kraj Kròla Goždzika Kukania
mythical land

Cocytus pn
Kocyt Kokytos
river of the underworld

Coele-Syria /ˌsiːliˈsɪɹi.ə/ pn
Celesyria
region of Syria

Coimbra /kuːˈĩbɹə/ /kəʊˈĩbɹə/ /ˈkwĩbɹə/ pn
Coimbra
city and municipality in Coimbra, Portugal

Cold War /ˌkoʊld ˈwɔɹ/ /ˌkəʊld ˈwɔː/ pn
zimna wojna
period of hostility short of open war between the Soviet Bloc and the Western powers, 1945–1991

Collective Security Treaty Organisation pn
OUBZ Organizacja Układu o Bezpieczeństwie Zbiorowym
intergovernmental military alliance

Cologne /kəˈloʊn/ pn
Kolonia
city in Germany

Colombia /kəˈlʌm.bi.ə/ pn
Kolumbia
country in South America

Colombian adj
kolumbijski
pertaining to Colombia

Colombian n
Kolumbijczyk Kolumbijka
A person from Colombia

Colombo /kəˈlɒm.bəʊ/ /kəˈlʌm.bəʊ/ /ˈkɒl.əm.bəʊ/ pn
Kolombo
capital of Sri Lanka

Colophon pn
Kolofon
city

Colorado /kɑləˈɹædoʊ/ /kɑləˈɹɑdoʊ/ /kɒləˈɹeɪdoʊ/ /kɒləˈɹɑːdəʊ/ pn
Kolorado
US state
major river

Colorado beetle n
stonka ziemniaczana
beetle

Colosseum pn
Koloseum
ancient stadium in Rome

Colossians pn
List do Kolosan
book of the Bible

Columba /kəˈlʌm.bə/ /ˈkɑ.ləm.bə/ /ˈkɒ.ləm.bə/ pn
Gołąb
constellation

Columbus /kəˈlʌmbəs/ n
Kolumb
Christopher Columbus
given male name

Com. n
tow.
abbreviation of comrade

Coma Berenices pn
Warkocz Bereniki
small dim summer constellation of the northern sky

Comecon pn
RWPG
Comecon

Comet pn
Kometek
reindeer of Santa Claus

Comintern /ˈkɒmɪntəːn/ pn
Komintern
international association of Communist parties

Common Era pn
naszej ery
secular equivalent of anno Domini and the Christian Era

Commonwealth of Australia /ˈkɒmənˌwelθ əv ɒˈstreɪljə/ pn
Związek Australijski
formal and full name of Australia

Commonwealth of Independent States pn
WNP Wspólnota Niepodległych Państw
alliance of former Soviet republics

Comorian /ˈkɒm.ə.ɹiən/ adj
komoryjski
pertaining to the Comoros

Comorian /ˈkɒm.ə.ɹiən/ n
Komoryjczyk
person

Comoros /ˈkɒm.ə.ɹoʊz/ pn
Komory
country in Eastern Africa

Conakry /ˈkɑːnəkɹiː/ /ˌkɒnəˈkɹiː/ pn
Konakry
capital of Guinea

Confucian adj
konfucjański
of, pertaining to, or conforming to the teachings of Confucius

Confucianism n
konfucjanizm
philosophy

Confucius /kənˈfju.ʃəs/ pn
Konfucjusz
Chinese philosopher

Congo /ˈkɑŋɡoʊ/ /ˈkɒŋɡəʊ/ /ˈkɔŋɡoʊ/ pn
Demokratyczna Republika Konga
country with Kinshasa as capital
Kongo
river
Kongo Kongo (Brazzaville)
country with Brazzaville as capital

Congolese /ˌkɒŋ.ɡəˈliːz/ adj
kongijski
people or language of Democratic Republic of Congo
people or language of Republic of Congo

Congolese /ˌkɒŋ.ɡəˈliːz/ n
Kongijczyk Kongijka
person from either of the Congos
person from Democratic Republic of Congo
person from Republic of Congo

Congress pn
Kongres
the two legislative bodies of the USA

Congress Poland pn
Królestwo Kongresowe Kongresówka Królestwo Polskie
Polish state established 1815 and ruled by the Russian tsar

Coniacian pn
koniak
a subdivision of the Late (Upper) Cretaceous epoch

Connecticut /kə.ˈnɛ.tɪ.kət/ pn
Connecticut
a state of the United States of America

Constantine /ˈkɑns.tənˌtiːn/ /ˈkɒns.tənˌtaɪn/ pn
Konstantyn Konstanty
male given name

Constantinople /ˌkɑn.stæn.tɪˈnoʊ.pəl/ /ˌkɒn.stæn.tɪˈnəʊ.pəl/ pn
Konstantynopol
Name of present-day Istanbul from 330–1930 }}. Previously known as Byzantium

Constantinopolitan /ˌkɑnˌstæn.tɪ.noʊˈpɑ.lɪ.tən/ /ˌkɑnˌstæn.tɪ.nəˈpɑ.lɪ.tən/ /ˌkɒnˌstæn.tɪ.nəʊˈpɒ.lɪ.tən/ /ˌkɒnˌstæn.tɪ.nəˈpɒ.lɪ.tən/ adj
konstantynopolitański
relating to Constantinople

Constantinopolitan /ˌkɑnˌstæn.tɪ.noʊˈpɑ.lɪ.tən/ /ˌkɑnˌstæn.tɪ.nəˈpɑ.lɪ.tən/ /ˌkɒnˌstæn.tɪ.nəʊˈpɒ.lɪ.tən/ /ˌkɒnˌstæn.tɪ.nəˈpɒ.lɪ.tən/ n
konstantynopolitanka konstantynopolitańczyk
native or inhabitant of Constantinople

Constanța /kɒnˈstæntsə/ /kənˈstɑːn(t)sə/ pn
Konstanca
city in Romania

Conté /ˈkɑnteɪ/ /ˈkɒnteɪ/ n
Conté
drawing medium

Cook Islands /ˈkʊk ˈaɪ̯.ləndz/ pn
Wyspy Cooka
self-governing country in Oceania

Copenhagen /ˈkoʊpənˌheɪɡən/ /ˈkoʊpənˌhɑɡən/ /ˌkəʊpənˈheɪɡən/ /ˌkəʊpənˈhɑːɡən/ pn
Kopenhaga
capital of Denmark

Copenhagener n
kopenhażanin kopenhażanka
someone from Copenhagen

Copernican adj
Kopernikowy
pertaining to Nicolaus Copernicus
kopernikański kopernikowski
pertaining to his theories

Copernicus pn
Kopernik
surname of Nicolaus Copernicus

Copt /kɑpt/ /kɒpt/ n
Kopt
member of the Coptic Church

Coptic /ˈkɑp.tɪk/ /ˈkɒp.tɪk/ adj
koptyjski
of or pertaining to the Copts, Coptic Orthodox Church or to the Coptic language

Coptic /ˈkɑp.tɪk/ /ˈkɒp.tɪk/ n
język koptyjski
language

Coral Sea pn
Morze Koralowe
part of the Pacific Ocean

Corfu /ˈkɔɹ.fju/ pn
Korfu
island
city

Corinth /ˈkɒɹ.ɪnθ/ /ˈkɔɹ.ɪnθ/ pn
Korynt
city in Greece

Corinthia pn
Koryntia
region in northeast Peloponnese

Corinthian /kəˈɹɪnθiən/ adj
koryncki koryntyjski
of or relating to Corinth
of that classical order

Corinthian /kəˈɹɪnθiən/ n
koryntczyk koryntianin koryntianka koryntyjczyk
an inhabitant or a resident of Corinth

Corinthians pn
List do Koryntian
book in the Bible

Cornelia /kɔɹˈniliə/ /kɔːˈniːlɪə/ pn
Kornelia
female given name

Cornelius /kɔɹˈniliəs/ /kɔːˈniːlɪəs/ pn
Korneliusz Kornel
male given name

Cornish /ˈkɔːnɪʃ/ /ˈkɔːɹnɪʃ/ adj
kornwalijski
of Cornwall

Cornish /ˈkɔːnɪʃ/ /ˈkɔːɹnɪʃ/ pn
kornijski
A Celtic language

Cornishman n
Kornwalijczyk
man from Cornwall

Cornishwoman n
Kornwalijka
woman from Cornwall

Cornwall /ˈkɔrn.wɑl/ /ˈkɔɹn.wɔl/ /ˈkɔː(ɹ)n.wəl/ pn
Kornwalia
county of England

Corona Australis pn
Korona Południowa
a constellation

Corona Borealis pn
Korona Północna
a constellation

Corpus Christi pn
Boże Ciało
festival in honour of the Eucharist

Corse-du-Sud pn
Korsyka Południowa
French department in Corsica

Corsica /ˈkɔɹsɪkə/ /ˈkɔːsɪkə/ pn
Korsyka
island in the Mediterranean

Corsican /ˈkɔɹsəkən/ /ˈkɔː(ɹ)sɪkən/ adj
korsykański
of, from, or pertaining to Corsica

Corsican /ˈkɔɹsəkən/ /ˈkɔː(ɹ)sɪkən/ n
Korsykanin Korsykanka
person from Corsica or of Corsican descent

Corsican /ˈkɔɹsəkən/ /ˈkɔː(ɹ)sɪkən/ pn
korsykański język korsykański
language

Corvus pn
Kruk
constellation of the southern sky

Cosmas /ˈkɔzmæs/ /ˈkɔzmɑːs/ pn
Kosma
given name

Cossack /ˈkɑsˌæk/ /ˈkɒsˌæk/ /ˈkɔsˌæk/ n
Kozak Kozaczka
member of a population
kozak
member of a Cossack military unit

Costa Rica /ˌkoʊ.stə ˈɹi.kə/ /ˌkɑ.stə ˈɹi.kə/ /ˌkɒs.tə ˈɹiː.kə/ pn
Kostaryka
country

Costa Rican adj
kostarykański
pertaining to Costa Rica

Costa Rican n
Kostarykanin Kostarykanka
person from Costa Rica

Cottbus /ˈkɑtbʌs/ /ˈkɒtbʌs/ pn
Chociebuż
city in Germany

Coulomb gauge n
Coulomba prawo

Count Dracula pn
Hrabia Drakula
fictional vampire

Counter-Reformation pn
kontrreformacja
period of Roman Catholic revival that aimed to combat the Reformation

Courland /ˈkʊə(ɹ)lənd/ pn
Kurlandia
region in western Latvia

Courlander n
Kurlandczyk Kurlandka
someone from Courland

Coventry /ˈkɑvəntɹi/ /ˈkɒvəntɹi/ /ˈkʌvəntɹi/ [ˈkʰɑvəntʃɹi] [ˈkʰɒvəntʃɹi] pn
Coventry
an industrial city in central England

Cracovian /kɹəˈkəʊvɪən/ adj
krakowski
of or from Cracow

Cracovian /kɹəˈkəʊvɪən/ n
krakowianin krakowianka
person from Kraków

Cracow /ˈkɹækaʊ/ /ˈkɹɑkaʊ/ pn
Kraków
city

Crater pn
Puchar
a constellation

Creator pn
Stwórca
God

Cree /kɹiː/ pn
Kri
an aboriginal nation of North America

Creole /ˈkɹeɪəʊl/ /ˈkɹeɪˌoʊl/ /ˈkɹiˌoʊl/ /ˈkɹiːəʊl/ n
Kreol Kreolka
descendant of settlers born in a colonial country

Cretaceous /kɹəˈteɪ.ʃəs/ pn
kreda
geologic period within the Mesozoic

Cretan /ˈkɹiːtən/ adj
kreteński
relating to Crete

Cretan /ˈkɹiːtən/ n
Kreteńczyk
inhabitant

Crete /ˈkɹiːt/ pn
Kreta
island

Cretzschmar's bunting n
trznadel modrogłowy
Emberiza caesia

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease n
choroba Creutzfeldta-Jakoba
Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease

Crimea /kɹaɪˈmiːə/ /kɹaɪˈmɪə/ pn
Krym
peninsula

Crimean /kɹaɪˈmi.ən/ adj
krymski
referring to the Crimea region

Crimean /kɹaɪˈmi.ən/ n
Krymianin Krymianka
native or inhabitant of Crimea

Crimean Tatar n
krymskotatarski
Crimean Tatar (a Turkic language)

Crimean War pn
wojna krymska
war

Crimean peninsula pn
Półwysep Krymski
peninsula

Crimplene n
bistor kremplina

Crispin /ˈkɹɪspɪn/ pn
Kryspin
male given name

Croatia /-ʃi.ə/ /ˌkɹoʊˈeɪ.ʃə/ /ˌkɹəʊˈeɪ.ʃə/ pn
Chorwacja
country in Europe

Croatian /ˌkɹoʊˈeɪ.ʃən/ /ˌkɹəʊˈeɪ.ʃən/ adj
chorwacki
of or pertaining to Croatia

Croatian /ˌkɹoʊˈeɪ.ʃən/ /ˌkɹəʊˈeɪ.ʃən/ n
Chorwat Chorwatka
person of Croatia

Croatian /ˌkɹoʊˈeɪ.ʃən/ /ˌkɹəʊˈeɪ.ʃən/ pn
chorwacki
the standardized variety of Serbo-Croatian

Croatian Sheepdog n
owczarek chorwacki
Croatian Sheepdog

Croatian studies n
kroatystyka
academic discipline

Croesus /ˈkɹiːsəs/ n
krezus
figuratively: a rich person

Cronus pn
Kronos
youngest of the twelve Titans

Crusade n
krucjata
campaigns by Christian forces to the Holy Land

Crux /kɹʌks/ pn
Krzyż Południa
constellation

Ctesiphon /ˈstɛsɪfɒn/ /ˈtɛsɪfɒn/ pn
Ktezyfon
ancient ruined city

Cthulhu /kəˈtuːluː/ /kəˈθuːluː/ pn
Cthulhu
a huge fictional humanoid alien god

Cuba /ˈkjuːbə/ [ˈkjuː.bə] [ˈkjʉː.bə] pn
Kuba
country and largest island in Caribbean

Cuban /ˈkjuːbən/ [ˈkju.bən] [ˈkjuː.bən] [ˈkjʉː.bən] adj
kubański
of or pertaining to Cuba

Cuban /ˈkjuːbən/ [ˈkju.bən] [ˈkjuː.bən] [ˈkjʉː.bən] n
Kubanka Kubańczyk
a person from Cuba

Cuman /ˈk(j)uːmən/ n
Połowiec
member of the Cuman people

Cupid /ˈkjuːpɪd/ pn
Amor Kupidyn Kupido
god of love, son of Venus
Amorek
reindeer of Santa Claus
Kupid
moon of Uranus

Curaçao /ˈkjuːɹəsaʊ/ /ˌkuːɹəˈsaʊ/ pn
Curaçao
Island

Curia pn
kuria
Roman Catholic Church administration

Curitiba pn
Kurytyba
State capital of Paraná

Curonian adj
kuroński
of, from, or pertaining to Courland

Cyclades /saɪkleɪdz/ /ˈsɪklədiːz/ pn
Cyklady
island chain

Cygnus pn
Łabędź
constellation

Cynthia /ˈsɪnθiə/ pn
Cyntia
female given name

Cypriot /ˈsɪp.ɹi.ət/ adj
cypryjski
Of, from or relating to Cyprus

Cypriot /ˈsɪp.ɹi.ət/ n
Cypryjczyk Cypryjka
Person from Cyprus

Cyprus /ˈsaɪ.pɹəs/ pn
Cypr
island or country

Cyrenaica /saɪɹəˈneɪ.ɪkə/ pn
Cyrenajka
province on the North African coast

Cyrene /saɪˈɹiːni/ pn
Cyrena
an Ancient Greek colony in North Africa

Cyril /ˈsaɪɹəl/ /ˈsɪɹəl/ pn
Cyryl
male given name

Cyrillic /sɪˈɹɪl.ɪk/ adj
cyrylicki
of or pertaining to Cyrillic

Cyrillic /sɪˈɹɪl.ɪk/ pn
cyrylica
a script or alphabet

Cyrillization /ˌsɪrɪlɪˈzeɪʃən/ n
cyrylizacja
putting text into the Cyrillic alphabet

Cyrillize /ˈsɪɹəɫ.aɪz/ v
cyrylizować
to transliterate to Cyrillic script

Czech /t͡ʃɛk/ adj
czeski
of, from, or pertaining to the country, people, culture or language

Czech /t͡ʃɛk/ n
Czech Czeszka
person

Czech /t͡ʃɛk/ pn
czeski
language

Czech Republic /ˈtʃɛk ɹɪˈpʌblɪk/ pn
Republika Czeska Czechy
country in Central Europe

Czech hedgehog n
jeż
antitank obstacle

Czech studies n
bohemistyka
academic study of the Czech language, etc.

Czechia /ˈt͡ʃɛkiə/ pn
Czechy
country in Europe

Czechism n
bohemizm czechizm
a word or idiom of the Czech language

Czechize v
bohemizować czechizować
to make or render Czech

Czechness n
czeszczyzna
state or quality of being Czech

Czecho-Slovakia pn
Czecho-Słowacja
dated form of Czechoslovakia

Czechophone adj
czeskojęzyczny
Czech-speaking

Czechoslovak adj
czechosłowacki
pertaining to

Czechoslovak n
Czechosłowak Czechosłowaczka
inhabitant

Czechoslovak Socialist Republic pn
Czechosłowacka Republika Socjalistyczna
anticapitalist country

Czechoslovakia /ˌtʃɛk.əʊ.sləʊ.ˈvæk.ɪ.ə/ /ˌt͡ʃɛk.oʊ.sloʊ.ˈvɑk.i.ə/ /ˌt͡ʃɛk.ə.sloʊ.ˈvæk.i.ə/ /ˌt͡ʃɛk.ə.sloʊ.ˈvɑk.i.ə/ /ˌt͡ʃɛk.ə.sləˈvæk.i.ə/ /ˌt͡ʃɛk.ə.sləˈvɑ.ki.ə/ pn
Czechosłowacja
former country in Central Europe

Czechoslovakian /ˈtʃɛk.əz.lə.væk.i.ən/ /ˌt͡ʃɛk.ə.sloʊ.ˈvɑk.i.ən/ adj
czechosłowacki
of or pertaining to Czechoslovakia

Częstochowa /ˌt͡ʃɛnstəˈkəʊvə/ pn
Częstochowa
city in Poland

Côte d'Ivoire /ˌkoʊt diˈvwɑɹ/ /ˌkəʊt diːˈvwɑː/ pn
Wybrzeże Kości Słoniowej
the Ivory Coast

D-flat n
des
a tone one semitone lower than a D, denoted D♭

D-sharp n
dis
a tone one semitone higher than a D, denoted D♯

DBMS n
SZBD
database management system

DE n
równanie różniczkowe
initialism of differential equation

DIY /ˌdi.aɪˈwaɪ/ v
majsterkować pomajsterkować

DNA /ˌdiˌɛnˈeɪ/ /ˌdiːɛnˈeɪ/ n
DNA
initialism of deoxyribonucleic acid (for full forms, see deoxyribonucleic acid)

DPR pn
DRL
Donetsk People's Republic

DPRK pn
KRLD
Democratic People's Republic of Korea

DVD /ˌdi vi ˈdi/ /ˌdiː viː ˈdiː/ n
DVD
digital video disc

DVD player n
DVD
DVD player

Dacia /ˈdeɪsɪə/ /ˈdeɪʃə/ pn
Dacja
ancient kingdom and Roman province

Daco-Romanian n
dakorumuński
a more specific name for the Romanian language

Dada /ˈdɑːdɑː/ n
dadaizm
cultural movement

Daedalus /ˈdeɪdələs/ /ˈdiːdələs/ /ˈdɛdələs/ pn
Dedal
Greek mythological figure

Daffy Duck pn
Kaczor Daffy
comic duck

Dagestan /ˌdæɡɪˈstæn/ /ˌdæɡɪˈstɑːn/ pn
Dagestan
federal subject of Russia

Dagestani /ˌdæɡɪˈstæni/ /ˌdæɡɪˈstɑːni/ n
Dagestanka Dagestańczyk
someone from Dagestan

Dagmar /ˈdæɡmɑː(ɹ)/ pn
Dagmara
female given name

Dakota /dəˈkəʊtə/ n
Dakotyjczyk Dakotyjka
a member of the Dakota people

Dakota /dəˈkəʊtə/ pn
Dakota
Native American people

Dalai Lama /ˈdælaɪ ˈlɑːmə/ /ˈdɑːlaɪ ˈlɑːmə/ n
dalajlama
the supreme head of Tibetan Buddhism

Dall sheep n
owca śnieżna
species of wild sheep

Dalmatia /dælˈmeɪʃə/ pn
Dalmacja
Roman province
region in Croatia

Dalmatian /dælˈmeɪ.ʃən/ adj
dalmacki dalmatyński
relating to Dalmatia or its people

Dalmatian /dælˈmeɪ.ʃən/ n
Dalmata Dalmatyńczyk Dalmatka Dalmatynka
person from Dalmatia
dalmatyńczyk
breed of dog

Damascene /ˈdæməˌsiːn/ adj
damasceński
of or relating to Damascus

Damascus /dəˈmæskəs/ /dəˈmɑːskəs/ pn
Damaszek
the capital city of Syria

Damascus steel n
stal damasceńska
ancient kind of steel used in sword making

Damian /ˈdeɪmɪən/ pn
Damian
male given name

Danbo /ˈdænbəʊ/ n
Danbo
cheese originating in Denmark

Dancer pn
Tancerz
reindeer of Santa Claus

Dane /deɪn/ n
Duńczyk Dunka
person from Denmark or of Danish descent

Danian pn
dan
a subdivision of the Paleocene epoch

Daniel /ˈdænjəl/ /ˈdænəl/ [ˈdanjəl] pn
Daniel Księga Daniela
biblical person
male given name
Księga Daniela Daniel
book of the Bible

Danish /ˈdeɪ.nɪʃ/ adj
duński
of Denmark

Danish /ˈdeɪ.nɪʃ/ pn
duński
language

Dante /ˈdænteɪ/ /ˈdænti/ /ˈdɑnteɪ/ pn
Dante
male given name

Dantesque /ˌdæntɪˈɛsk/ adj
dantejski
of or pertaining to Dante or his style, with elevated tone and somber focus

Danube /ˈdænjuːb/ pn
Dunaj
river of Europe that flows to the Black Sea

Daphne /ˈdæfni/ pn
Dafne
mythological dryad

Dar es Salaam /ˌdɑɹ.ɛs.səˈlɑm/ /ˌdɑːɹ.ɛs.səˈlɑːm/ pn
Dar es Salaam
city

Dard /dɑɹd/ /dɑːd/ n
Dakotyjka Darda
member of an ethnic group mainly from northern Pakistan, Kashmir, and parts of Afghanistan

Dardanelles /ˌdɑɹ.dənˈɛlz/ /ˌdɑː.dənˈɛlz/ [ˌdɑɹ.dənˈɛɫz] [ˌdɑː.dənˈɛɫz] pn
Dardanele
strait

Dari /ˈdɑːɹi/ pn
dari
Eastern Persian
variety of Middle Persian

Daria /ˈdæɹɪə/ /ˈdɑːɹɪə/ pn
Daria
female given name

Darius /dəˈɹaɪ.əs/ /ˈdæɹi.əs/ /ˈdɑɹi.əs/ pn
Dariusz
any of several Persian kings

Dark Ages pn
wieki ciemne
historic period

Darriwilian pn
darriwil

Dartford warbler n
pokrzewka kasztanowata
Sylvia undata

Darwin /ˈdɑɹwɪn/ /ˈdɑːwɪn/ pn
Darwin
city in Australia
surname

Darwinian /dɑɹˈwɪ.ni.ən/ /dɑːˈwɪ.ni.ən/ adj
darwinistyczny darwinowski
of or pertaining to the scientific views advanced by Charles Darwin, especially his theory that living organisms evolve through natural selection

Darwinian /dɑɹˈwɪ.ni.ən/ /dɑːˈwɪ.ni.ən/ n
darwinista darwinistka
adherent of Charles Darwin’s theory of the origin of species, or of Darwinism

Darwinism /ˈdɑːwɪnɪzəm/ n
darwinizm
principles of natural selection

Dasher pn
Fircyk
reindeer of Santa Claus

Daugava pn
Dźwina
river in Europe

Daugavpils pn
Dyneburg Dźwinów Dźwińsk
city in Latvia

Daurian jackdaw n
kawka srokata
Corvus dauuricus

David /ˈdeɪvɪd/ pn
Dawid
king of Israel
male given name

Davidson /ˈdeɪvɪdsən/ pn
Dawidowicz
surname meaning "son of David" in other languages

Dažbog pn
Dadźbog
Slavic god of the Sun

Dead Sea pn
Morze Martwe
lake in the Middle East

Debaltseve pn
Debalcewo
city

Debar pn
Debar
a city in western North Macedonia

Debrecen pn
Debreczyn
city in Hungary

Decalogue /ˈdɛkəlɒɡ/ n
dekalog
set of rules

Decameron /dɪˈkaməɹən/ /dɪˈkæməɹɑn/ /dɪˈkæməɹən/ pn
Dekameron
collection of 100 short stories by Boccaccio

Decapolis pn
Dekapol
ten cities on the eastern frontier of the Roman Empire

December /dɪˈsɛm.bəɹ/ /dɪˈsɛmbə/ pn
grudzień
twelfth month of the Gregorian calendar

Decembrist adj
dekabrystowski
derived from the Decembrists

Decembrist n
dekabrysta dekabrystka
participant in or sympathizer with the Decembrist revolt

Deimos /ˈdaɪməs/ pn
Deimos Dejmos
the outermost natural satellite of Mars
Dejmos
a son of Ares

Delaware /ˈdɛləweə(ɹ)/ /ˈdɛləwɛɹ/ pn
Delaware
US state
major river

Delhi /ˈdɛl.i/ pn
Delhi
city in India

Delphi /ˈdɛlfi/ [ˈdɛɫfi] pn
Delfy
city of ancient Greece

Delphic /ˈdɛlfɪk/ adj
delficki
of or relating to Delphi

Delphinus pn
Delfin
constellation

Deluge pn
Potop
the Biblical flood

Demeter /dəˈmiːtəɹ/ /dɪˈmiːtə/ /ˈdɛmɪtəɹ/ pn
Demeter
Greek goddess of the harvest

Demetrius /dɪˈmiːtɹɪəs/ pn
Demetriusz Dymitr
male given name

Democratic People's Republic of Korea /ˌdɛməˈkɹætɪk ˈpiːpəlz ɹɪˈpʌblɪk əv kəˈɹiːə/ pn
Koreańska Republika Ludowo-Demokratyczna KRLD
country in East Asia (official name)

Democratic Republic of the Congo /ˌdɛməˈkɹætɪk ɹɪˈpʌblɪk əv ðə ˈkɒŋɡəʊ/ pn
Demokratyczna Republika Konga
large central African nation, formerly called Zaire

Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka pn
Demokratyczno-Socjalistyczna Republika Sri Lanki
Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka

Democritus /dɪˈmɒkɹɪtəs/ pn
Demokryt
Greek philosopher

Denmark /ˈdɛn.mɑɹk/ /ˈdɛn.mɑːk/ pn
Dania
country in Northern Europe

Denmark-Norway pn
Królestwo Danii i Norwegii
former political entity

Dennis /ˈdɛnɪs/ pn
Dionizy
male given name

Derazhnia pn
Derażnia Dzierażnia
city

Derby /ˈdɑːbi/ n
Derby
city in England

Derek /ˈdɛɹɪk/ pn
Teodoryk
given name

Derhachi pn
Dergacze
city

Dervish /ˈdɜː(ɹ)vɪʃ/ n
derwisz
a Sufi Muslim ascetic fraternity

Desdemona /ˌdɛzdəˈmoʊnə/ pn
Desdemona
character
moon of Uranus
main-belt asteroid

Desiderius /ˌdɛzɪˈdɪəɹɪəs/ pn
Dezyder Dezyderiusz Dezydery
given name

Detroit /dɪˈtɹɔɪt/ /dɪˈt͡ʃɹɔɪt/ /ˈdiːtɹɔɪt/ pn
Detroit
largest city and former capital of Michigan

Deuteronomy /djuːtəˈɹɒnəmi/ /dutəˈɹɑnəmi/ /dʒuːtəˈɹɒnəmi/ pn
Księga Powtórzonego Prawa Deuteronomium
book of the Bible

Deutsche Mark n
marka
former currency unit of Germany

Devanagari /ˌdeɪvəˈnɑɡəɹi/ /ˌdeɪvəˈnɑːɡ(ə)ɹɪ/ /ˌdɛvəˈnɑːɡ(ə)ɹɪ/ pn
dewanagari
abugida alphabet of India and Nepal

Dhaka /ˈdækə/ pn
Dhaka
capital of Bangladesh

Dhivehi n
malediwski
an Indo-Aryan language

Diana /daɪˈænə/ pn
Diana
Roman goddess
female given name

Dickens /ˈdɪkɪnz/ pn
Dickens
Transliterations of the surname

Diego /diˈeɪ.ɡoʊ/ pn
Diego
male given name

Dijon mustard n
Musztarda Dijon
kind of mustard

Diogenes /daɪˈɒdʒəniːz/ pn
Diogenes
Ancient Greek name

Dionysius /daɪəˈnɪsɪəs/ /daɪəˈnɪzɪəs/ pn
Dionizy
Ancient Greek male given name

Dionysus /daɪəˈnaɪsəs/ /daɪəˈnaɪsɪs/ pn
Dionizos
Greek god of wine

Discordianism /dɪsˈkɔɹdi.ənɪzəm/ /dɪsˈkɔː.di.ən.ɪzm̩/ pn
dyskordianizm
parodic religion based on the worship of Eris

Disney /ˈdɪzni/ pn
Disney
surname

Disneyan adj
disnejowski disneyowski
of or relating to Walt Disney or his Walt Disney Company

Disneyland /ˈdɪzniːˌlænd/ pn
Disneyland
Disneyland, theme park

District of Columbia pn
Dystrykt Kolumbii
federal capital of the United States of America

Djerba pn
Dżerba

Djibouti /d͡ʒɪˈbuːtiː/ pn
Dżibuti
Republic of Djibouti
the capital city of Djibouti

Dmitry pn
Demetriusz Dymitr
transliteration of Дмитрий

Dniester /ˈniːstər/ pn
Dniestr
river in Europe

Dnipro /dniːˈprəʊ/ /niˈproʊ/ /nɪˈproʊ/ /ˈdnɪ.prə/ /ˈni.proʊ/ /ˈnɪ.proʊ/ pn
Dniepr
river
Dniepr Dniepropetrowsk
city

Dniprodzerzhynsk pn
Dnieprodzierżyńsk
Former name of Kamianske

Dnipropetrovsk pn
Dniepropetrowsk
former name of Dnipro
Obwód dniepropetrowski
oblast

Dniprorudne pn
Dniprorudne
city

Dobermann n
doberman
large dog originating in Germany

Dobromyl pn
Dobromil
city

Dobropillia pn
Dobropole
city

Dodecanese /ˌdəʊdɛkəˈniːz/ pn
Dodekanez
an island chain consisting of twelve main islands

Doha /ˈdoʊ.hɑː/ /ˈdəʊ.hɑː/ pn
Ad-Dauha Doha Dauha
capital of Qatar

Dokuchaievsk pn
Dokuczajewsk
city

Dolomites /ˈdoʊl.əˌmaɪts/ /ˈdɒl.əˌmaɪts/ pn
Dolomity
section of the Alps

Dolyna pn
Dolina
city

Dolynska pn
Dołynśka
city

Dome of the Rock pn
Kopuła na Skale
shrine in Jerusalem

Dominic /ˈdɒ.məˌnɪk/ pn
Dominik
male given name

Dominica /də.ˈmɪ.nɪ.kə/ /ˌdɑ.mɪ.ˈniː.kə/ /ˌdɒ.mɪ.ˈniː.kə/ pn
Dominika
island and country (Commonwealth of Dominica) in the Caribbean

Dominican /də.ˈmɪn.ɪ.kən/ /ˌdɑ.mɪ.ˈni.kən/ /ˌdɒ.mɪ.ˈniː.kən/ adj
dominikański
of or belonging to the religious order

Dominican /də.ˈmɪn.ɪ.kən/ /ˌdɑ.mɪ.ˈni.kən/ /ˌdɒ.mɪ.ˈniː.kən/ n
Dominikanin
person from Dominica
dominikanin
member of religious order

Dominican Republic /doʊˌmɪn.ɪ.kən ɹəˈpʌb.lɪk/ /dɒmˌɪn.ɪ.kən ɹɪˈpʌb.lɪk/ pn
Dominikana Republika Dominikańska
country in the Caribbean

Domodedovo pn
Domodiedowo
airport in Russia

Don /dɑn/ /dɒn/ pn
Don
River in European Russia

Don Juan n
donżuan Romeo bałamut casanova kobieciarz lowelas
a man who obsessively seduces women; a philanderer

Don Quixote /dɒn ˈkwɪksəʊt/ /ˌdɑn kiˈhoʊteɪ/ /ˌdɑn kiˈhoʊti/ /ˌdɒn kiːˈhəʊtɪ/ pn
Don Kichot Donkiszot
the protagonist of a famous Spanish novel

Donald /ˈdɑn.əld/ /ˈdɒn.əld/ pn
Donald
male given name

Donald Duck pn
Kaczor Donald
Disney character
asteroid

Donatism n
donatyzm
Christian belief

Donbas /-bæs/ /-ˈbɑːs/ /dɒnˈbɑːs/ /dʌnˈbæs/ /ˈdɑːnbɑːs/ /ˈdɒnbæs/ /ˈdɒnbɑːs/ pn
Donbas
an industrial region in eastern Ukraine.

Donets pn
Doniec
one of several rivers

Donetsk /dəˈnɛtsk/ pn
Donieck
city
Obwód doniecki
oblast

Donetsk People's Republic pn
Doniecka Republika Ludowa
secessionist state in Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine

Donna /ˈdänːə/ /ˈdɑnə/ /ˈdɒnə/ pn
Donna
female given name

Donner pn
Profesorek
reindeer of Santa Claus

Donohue syndrome n
krasnoludkowatość leprechaunizm zespół Donohue
rare genetic disorder

Doppler effect n
efekt Dopplera
change in frequency or wavelength

Dorado pn
Złota Ryba
a particular constellation

Dorian /ˈdɔːɹiən/ n
Dor
a member of the Dorians

Doric pn
dorycki
Greek dialect

Dorothy /ˈdɑɹ.ə.θi/ /ˈdɒɹ.ə.θi/ /ˈdɔɹ.ə.θi/ /ˈdɔɹ.θi/ pn
Dorota
female given name

Dorset /ˈdɔː(ɹ).sɪt/ pn
Dorset
county of England

Dortmund pn
Dortmund
a city in western Germany

Dot pn
Dosia
diminutive of Dorothy

Douro pn
Douro Duero
river in northern Spain and Portugal

Dovhe pn
Dowhe
a town in Ukraine

Dovzhansk pn
Dołżańsk
city

Down syndrome /-dɹəm/ /daʊn ˈsɪndɹoʊm/ /daʊn ˈsɪndɹəʊm/ pn
zespół Downa
genetic disorder caused by a chromosomal excess

Dr n
dr
Doctor

Draco /ˈdɹeɪkoʊ/ /ˈdɹeɪkəʊ/ pn
Drakon
Athenian lawgiver
Smok
constellation

Dracula /ˈdɹækjələ/ /ˈdɹækjʊlə/ pn
Drakula
fictional vampire
Wład Palownik
former prince of Wallachia

Drahichyn pn
Drohiczyn
A city in Belarus

Drava /ˈdɹɑːvə/ pn
Drawa
river

Dravet syndrome n
zespół Dravet

Dravidian /dɹəˈvɪdɪən/ n
Drawida Drawidyjka
person

Dravidian /dɹəˈvɪdɪən/ pn
drawidyjski
family of languages
single language

Drenthe /ˈdɹɛntə/ pn
Drenthe
province of the Netherlands

Dresden /ˈdɹɛzdən/ pn
Drezno
capital city of the German Federal State of Saxony
drezdeński
attributive form - relating to Dresden

Drin pn
Drin
the longest river in Albania

Drina pn
Drina
river that flows northward 160 miles along the border of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Serbia

Drohobych adj
drohobycki
Of, from, or pertaining to Drohobych, a city in Ukraine.

Drohobych pn
Drohobycz
city in Ukraine

Drumian pn
drum

Drummond light n
światło Drummonda

Druskininkai pn
Druskieniki
city in Lithuania

Druzhba pn
Drużba
city

Druzhkivka pn
Drużkiwka
city

Dubai /duːˈbaɪ/ /dʊˈbaɪ/ pn
Dubaj
city
emirate

Dubliany pn
Dublany
city

Dublin /ˈdʊbᵊlən/ /ˈdʌblən/ /ˈdʌblɪn/ pn
Dublin
the capital of the Republic of Ireland

Dubliner n
dublinianka dublińczyk
Someone from Dublin

Dubna pn
Dubna
city

Dubno pn
Dubno
city

Dubrovnik pn
Dubrownik
Croatian port-city

Dubrovytsia pn
Dąbrowica
city

Duckburg /ˈdʌkbɝɡ/ pn
Kaczogród
fictional city where Donald Duck lives

Dunaivtsi pn
Dunajowce
city

Dunajec pn
Dunajec
river

Dunkirk /ˈdʌŋkɜː(ɹ)k/ pn
Dunkierka
town in France

Dushanbe pn
Duszanbe
capital of Tajikistan

Dutch /dʌt͡ʃ/ adj
holenderski niderlandzki
of the Netherlands, people, or language

Dutch /dʌt͡ʃ/ n
Holendrzy Niderlandczycy
people from the Netherlands

Dutch /dʌt͡ʃ/ pn
holenderski niderlandzki
the Dutch language

Dutch auction /ˌdʌtʃ ˈɔːk.ʃən/ n
aukcja holenderska
reverse auction

Dutch elm disease n
holenderska choroba wiązu
disease of elm trees

Dutchman /ˈdʌt͡ʃmən/ n
Holender Niderlandczyk
a Dutch man

Dutchwoman /dʌt͡ʃˌwʊmən/ n
Holenderka Niderlandka
a Dutch woman

Dzhankoi pn
Dżankoj
city

Dzyarzhynsk pn
Dzierżyńsk

Dönmeh n
Donmeh Dönme
Sabbatean crypto-Jews

Düsseldorf /ˈduːsəldɔɹf/ /ˈdʊsəldɔɹf/ /ˈdʊsəldɔːf/ pn
Düsseldorf
a city in Germany
rejencja Düsseldorf
an administrative region of North Rhine-Wesphalia

EBRD pn
EBOR EBOiR
European Bank for Reconstruction and Development

ECB pn
EBC
European Central Bank

ED n
SOR
emergency department

EEA pn
EOG
European Economic Area

EEC pn
EWG
European Economic Community

EFTA /ɛf.tɑː/ pn
EFTA
European Free Trade Association

Earth /ɜːθ/ /ɝθ/ pn
Ziemia
third planet of the Solar System

Earthling /ˈɜːθlɪŋ/ /ˈɝθlɪŋ/ n
Ziemianin Ziemianka
inhabitant of Earth, as opposed to one of another planet

East /iːst/ pn
Orient Wschód
Eastern world

East African adj
wschodnioafrykański
relating to East Africa

East Anglia pn
Anglia Wschodnia
area of eastern England

East Asia pn
Azja Wschodnia
eastern subregion of Asia

East Asian adj
wschodnioazjatycki
of, from, or pertaining to East Asia

East Asian n
Wschodni Azjata Wschodni Azjatka
a person from East Asia

East Berlin pn
Berlin Wschodni
the Soviet sector of Berlin between 1949 and 1990

East China Sea pn
Morze Wschodniochińskie
a sea

East Coast pn
Wschodnie Wybrzeże
the eastern seaboard of the United States

East Flanders pn
Flandria Wschodnia
East Flanders

East German adj
wschodnioniemiecki
East German
of or pertaining to East Germany

East Germany pn
Niemcy Wschodnie
former European country

East Malaysia pn
Malezja Wschodnia
eastern half of Malaysia

East Siberian Sea pn
Morze Wschodniosyberyjskie
part of the Arctic Ocean

East Slavic adj
wschodniosłowiański
of or relating to the East Slavs

East Timor pn
Timor Wschodni
Country in Southeast Asia

East Timorese /ˈiːst tɪ.məɹ.iːz/ adj
wschodniotimorski
of, from, or pertaining to East Timor or the East Timorese people

East Turkestan /isːt ˈtɜɹkɪˌstæn/ /isːt ˌtɜɹkɪˈstæn/ /isːt ˌtɜː(ɹ)kɪˈstɑːn/ pn
Turkiestan Wschodni
a historical region in Asia

Easter /ˈistɚ/ /ˈiːstə/ n
Wielkanoc Pascha
Christian feast commemorating the resurrection of Jesus Christ

Easter Bunny /ˈiːs.tə ˈbʌ.ni/ /ˈiːs.tɚ ˈbʌ.ni/ pn
zając wielkanocny
Symbolic rabbit sometimes depicted delivering Easter eggs to children

Easter Island pn
Wyspa Wielkanocna
Island in the Pacific

Easter Sunday pn
Niedziela Wielkanocna
Easter Sunday

Easter egg /ˈiː.stəɹ ˌɛɡ/ n
easter egg
an undocumented function hidden in a program
image, feature, or other content that is hidden on a video disc or in a movie
pisanka kraszanka jajko wielkanocne
a dyed or decorated egg

Eastern Bloc pn
blok wschodni
the largely Communist countries of the eastern world

Eastern Bonelli's warbler n
świstunka złotorzytna
Phylloscopus orientalis

Eastern Europe pn
Europa Wschodnia
Eastern Europe

Eastern European adj
wschodnioeuropejski
Eastern European

Eastern Herzegovinian pn
wschodniohercegowiński
a Shtokavian subdialect

Eastern Orthodox adj
prawosławny
pertaining to the Eastern Orthodox Church

Eastern Orthodox Church pn
Kościół ortodoksyjny Kościół prawosławny
division of Christianity

Eastern Roman Empire /ˈistɚn ˈɹoʊmən ˈɛmpaɪɚ/ /ˈiːstən ˈɹəʊmən ˈɛmpaɪə/ pn
Cesarstwo wschodniorzymskie

Ebenezer /ɛbəˈnizɚ/ /ɛbəˈniːzə/ pn
Ebenezer
male given name

Ebisu n
Ebisu
god

Ebola /iˈboʊlə/ /ɪˈboʊlə/ /ɪˈbəʊlə/ n
ebola
shortening for Ebola virus and Ebola fever

Ebro /ˈeɪbɹəʊ/ /ˈɛbɹəʊ/ pn
Ebro
Spanish river

Ecclesiastes pn
Księga Koheleta Księga Eklezjastesa
book of the Bible

Ecclesiastical Latin pn
łacina kościelna
Latin language

Ecclesiasticus pn
Mądrość Syracha
book of the Bible

Ecuador /ˈɛk.wə.dɔɹ/ /ˈɛk.wə.dɔː/ pn
Ekwador
country in South America

Ecuadorian adj
ekwadorski
pertaining to Ecuador

Ecuadorian n
Ekwadorczyk Ekwadorka
person from Ecuador

Edam cheese n
ser edamski
type of cheese

Eden /ˈiːdən/ n
eden
paradise on Earth

Eden /ˈiːdən/ pn
Eden
biblical garden

Edenic /iːˈdɛnɪk/ /ɪˈdɛnɪk/ n
edeński
of or suggesting Eden

Edgar /ˈɛdɡɚ/ pn
Edgar
male given name

Edinburgh /ˈɛd.ən.bʌɹ.ə/ /ˈɛd.ənˌbɝ.ə/ /ˈɛd.ɪn.bə.ɹə/ /ˈɛd.ɪn.bɹə/ /ˈɛd.ɪn.bʌɹ.ə/ [ˈɛd.n̩.bə.ɹə] pn
Edynburg
capital of Scotland

Edirne /ɛˈdiɹnɛ/ pn
Edirne
a city in Eastern Thrace

Edith /ˈidɪθ/ pn
Edyta
female given name

Edmonton /ˈɛdməntən/ pn
Edmonton
city in Alberta, Canada

Edmund /ˈɛdmənd/ pn
Edmund
male given name

Edom /ˈi.dəm/ pn
Edom
name given to Esau in the Hebrew Bible
region whose inhabitants traditionally traced their ancestry to Esau

Edward /ˈɛdwəd/ /ˈɛdwɚd/ pn
Edward
male given name

Edwin /ˈɛdwɪn/ pn
Edwin
male given name

Eeyore /ˈiː.jɔː(ɹ)/ n
Kłapouchy
negative or pessimistic person

Egypt /ˈiː.d͡ʒɪpt/ pn
Egipt
country in North Africa

Egyptian /ɪˈd͡ʒɪp.ʃən/ adj
egipski
of, from, or pertaining to Egypt
of, from, or pertaining to Egyptians

Egyptian /ɪˈd͡ʒɪp.ʃən/ n
Egipcjanin Egipcjanka
person from Egypt

Egyptian /ɪˈd͡ʒɪp.ʃən/ pn
egipski
language

Egyptian Arabic pn
egipski arabski
Egyptian Arabic

Egyptian goose n
gęsiówka egipska gęś egipska kazarka egipska
Alopochen aegyptiacus

Egyptian plover n
pijawnik
Pluvianus aegyptius

Egyptian vulture n
białosęp ścierwnik
Neophron percnopterus

Egyptological adj
egiptologiczny

Egyptologist /ˌid͡ʒɪpˈtɑləd͡ʒɪst/ n
egiptolog
A person; one who is skilled professes or practices Egyptology

Egyptology /ˌid͡ʒɪpˈtɑləd͡ʒi/ /ˌiːd͡ʒɪpˈtɒləd͡ʒi/ n
egiptologia
the study of ancient Egypt

Eid al-Fitr /ˌiːd æl ˈfiːtəɹ/ pn
Id al-Fitr
religious celebration

Eifelian pn
Eifel

Eiffel Tower pn
wieża Eiffla
tower in Paris

Einstein /ˈaɪnstaɪn/ /ˈaɪnʃtaɪn/ pn
Einstein
Albert Einstein

Ekavian pn
ekawski
Dialect or a group of dialects

El Dorado pn
Eldorado
a legendary lost city of gold
eldorado
any place of fabulous wealth

El Salvador /ɛl ˈsæl.və.dɔɹ/ /ɛl ˈsæl.və.dɔː/ pn
Salwador
country in Central America

Elamite adj
elamicki
of or pertaining to Elam

Elamite n
Elamita Elamitka
an inhabitant of ancient Elam

Elamite pn
elamicki
language of ancient Elam

Elbe /ɛlb/ /ˈɛlbə/ pn
Łaba
European river

Elbląg /ˈɛlblɔŋk/ pn
Elbląg
a city in Poland

Eleanor /ˈɛlənɚ/ pn
Eleonora
female given name

Elector n
elektor
German prince entitled to elect the emperor of the Holy Roman Empire

Electra complex n
kompleks Elektry
Psychoanalytical theory

Elektrėnai pn
Elektreny

Eleonora's falcon n
sokół skalny
Falco eleonorae

Elephant pn
Słoń
105th sura of the Qur'an

Elisabeth /əˈlɪzəbəθ/ pn
Elżbieta
mother of John the Baptist

Elizabeth /əˈlɪzəbəθ/ pn
Elżbieta
female given name

Elizabethan /əˌlɪzəˈbiθ(ə)n/ /ɪˌlɪzəˈbiːθ(ə)n/ adj
elżbietański
pertaining to the reign of Queen Elizabeth I, monarch of England and Ireland; or to the reign of Queen Elizabeth II, monarch of the United Kingdom

Elizabethan /əˌlɪzəˈbiθ(ə)n/ /ɪˌlɪzəˈbiːθ(ə)n/ n
elżbietanka elżbietańczyk
person who lived during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I, monarch of England and Ireland; or the reign of Queen Elizabeth II, monarch of the United Kingdom

Elliott wave n
fala Elliotta
wave pattern

Elohim /ɛˈloʊˌhim/ /ɛˈloʊˌhɪm/ /ˌɛ.loʊˈhim/ /ˌɛ.loʊˈhɪm/ pn
Elohim
name for God

Elsinore /ˈɛlsəˌnɔɹ/ /ˈɛlsɪnɔː/ /ˌɛlsɪˈnɔː/ pn
Elsynor Helsingør
Danish city

Elvira pn
Elwira
female given name

Ember day /ˈɛmbə ˌdeɪ/ /ˈɛmbɚ ˌdeɪ/ n
suche dni
any of the three days within the same week, four separate sets of which occur roughly equidistant in the circuit of the year, set aside for fasting and prayer

Emesa /ˈɛməsə/ /ˈɛmɛsə/ pn
Emesa
the ancient city of Homs

Emesene /ˈɛməˌsiːn/ /ˌɛməˈsiːn/ adj
emeseński
of or pertaining to Emesa or its region

Emil pn
Emil
male given name

Emily pn
Emilia
given name

Emmentaler /ˈɛmənˌtɑlɚ/ /ˈɛmənˌtɑːlə/ pn
ementaler
Swiss cheese

Empedocles /ɛmˈpɛdəkliːz/ pn
Empedokles
philosopher

Emsian pn
Ems

Enceladus /ɛnˈsɛlədəs/ pn
Enceladus
moon of Saturn

Enerhodar pn
Enerhodar
city

England /ˈɪŋlənd/ /ˈɪŋɡlənd/ /ˈɪŋɡələnd/ pn
Anglia
Kingdom in southeastern Britain, now part of the UK

English /ˈɪŋlɪʃ/ /ˈɪŋɡləʃ/ /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/ /ˈɪŋɡəlɪʃ/ adj
angielski angielska
of or pertaining to England
angielski język angielski
of or pertaining to the English language

English /ˈɪŋlɪʃ/ /ˈɪŋɡləʃ/ /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/ /ˈɪŋɡəlɪʃ/ n
Anglik Angielka
people from England

English /ˈɪŋlɪʃ/ /ˈɪŋɡləʃ/ /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/ /ˈɪŋɡəlɪʃ/ pn
angielski język angielski
the English language

English Channel pn
La Manche Kanał La Manche
The part of the Atlantic Ocean between Great Britain and France

English muffin n
proziak
flat, round bread

English studies n
anglistyka filologia angielska
academic discipline

Englishman /ˈɪŋ.lɪʃ.mən/ /ˈɪŋ.ɡlɪʃ.mən/ n
Anglik
(male) native or inhabitant of England

Englishness /ˈɪŋ(ɡ)lɪʃnəs/ n
angielszczyzna
being English

Englishwoman n
Angielka
a female native or inhabitant of England

Enlightenment pn
Oświecenie
17th- and 18th-century philosophical movement

Eocene /ˈiːəsiːn/ adj
eoceński
of the Eocene epoch

Eocene /ˈiːəsiːn/ pn
eocen
Eocene epoch

Eos /ˈiɑs/ /ˈiːɒs/ pn
Eos
Greek goddess of the dawn

Ephesian /ɪˈfiːʒən/ adj
efeski
of, from, or pertaining to Ephesus

Ephesians pn
List do Efezjan
book of the Bible

Ephesus /ˈɛfɪsəs/ pn
Efez
ancient city

Ephraim /ˈifɹi.əm/ /ˈifɹəm/ /ˈɛf.ɹəm/ pn
Efraim
given name
the younger son of Joseph

Epicureanism n
epikureizm
system of philosophy based upon the teachings of Epicurus

Epimetheus pn
Epimeteusz
son of Iapetus and Clymene

Epiphany /ɛˈpɪfəni/ /ɪˈpɪfni/ /ɪˈpɪfəni/ pn
Epifania Objawienie Pańskie
appearance of Jesus Christ to the Magi
Epifania Objawienie Pańskie Trzech Króli
annual Christian feast celebrating this event

Epirus /ɪˈpaɪəɹəs/ pn
Epir
one of the 13 peripheries
region; historical kingdom

Equatorial Guinea /ˌɛkwəˈtɔːɹiəl ˈɡɪni/ pn
Gwinea Równikowa
country in Western Africa

Equuleus pn
Źrebię
second smallest constellation of the northern sky

Erasmus /ɪˈɹæzməs/ pn
Erazm
Desiderius Erasmus Roterodamus, known as Erasmus or Erasmus of Rotterdam

Eric /ˈɛɹɪk/ pn
Eryk
male given name

Eridanus pn
Erydan
constellation

Erinyes /ɪˈɹɪniˌiːz/ pn
Erynie
Greek goddesses of vengeance

Eris /ˈɛɹɪs/ /ˈɪəɹɪs/ pn
Eris
dwarf planet
Eris Eryda
Greek goddess of discord

Eritrea /ˌɛɹɪˈtɹ(e)ɪə/ /ˌɛɹɪˈtɹeɪə/ /ˌɛɹɪˈtɹi.ə/ /ˌɪɹɪˈtɹ(e)ɪə/ /ˌɪɹɪˈtɹeɪə/ pn
Erytrea
country in Eastern Africa

Eritrean adj
erytrejski
Of, from, or pertaining to Eritrea, the Eritrean people or the Eritrean culture

Eritrean n
Erytrejczyk Erytrejka
A person from Eritrea or of Eritrean descent

Ernest /ˈɜː(ɹ)nɪst/ pn
Ernest
given name

Ernestine pn
Ernestyna
female given name

Eros /ˈɛɹɒs/ pn
Eros
God of love
433 Eros (asteroid)

Esau /ˈisɑ/ /ˈiːsɔː/ pn
Ezaw
son of Isaac and Rebekah

Esbjerg /ˈɛsbjɜː(ɹ)/ /ˈɛsbjɜːɡ/ /ˈɛsbjɝ/ /ˈɛsbjɝɡ/ pn
Esbjerg
Danish city

Esdras pn
Księga Ezdrasza
any of four books

Eskimo /ˈɛs.kɪ.moʊ/ /ˈɛs.kɪ.məʊ/ adj
eskimoski
of, or relating to an Eskimo, Eskimos or their language, languages

Eskimo /ˈɛs.kɪ.moʊ/ /ˈɛs.kɪ.məʊ/ n
Eskimos Eskimoska
member of the Eskimo people(s)

Eskimo /ˈɛs.kɪ.moʊ/ /ˈɛs.kɪ.məʊ/ pn
Eskimosi
group of native peoples
eskimoski
language

Esperantist n
esperantysta esperantystka
specialist or speaker of Esperanto

Esperanto /ˌɛspəˈɹæntoʊ/ /ˌɛspəˈɹæntəʊ/ /ˌɛspəˈɹɑntoʊ/ /ˌɛspəˈɹɑːntəʊ/ pn
esperanto
auxiliary language

Esperantology n
esperantologia
study of Esperanto

Espoo pn
Espoo
city of Finland

Esther /ˈɛstə/ /ˈɛstɚ/ pn
Estera Księga Estery
female given name
the heroine of the Book of Esther
Księga Estery Estera
book of the Bible

Estonia /ɛsˈtoʊ.ni.ə/ /ɛsˈtoʊn.jə/ /ɛsˈtəʊ.nɪ.ə/ pn
Estonia
country

Estonian adj
estoński
of, from, or pertaining to the country of Estonia, its people or their language

Estonian n
Estończyk Estonka
person
estoński
language

Estonian SSR pn
Estońska SRR
former soviet republic

Estuary English pn
Estuary English
variety of English accent

Esztergom /ˈɛstɛɹɡom/ pn
Ostrzyhom
a city in Hungary

Eternal City pn
Wieczne Miasto
nickname for Rome

Ethiopia /iθiˈoʊpi.ə/ pn
Etiopia
country in Eastern Africa

Ethiopian /ˌiːθiˈəʊpi.ən/ adj
etiopski
of, from, or pertaining to Ethiopia

Ethiopian /ˌiːθiˈəʊpi.ən/ n
Etiopczyk Etiopka
person

Ethiopist n
etiopista
A person; one who is skilled professes or practices Ethiopian studies

Etna /ˈɛtnə/ pn
Etna
volcano in Sicily, Italy

Etruria /ɪˈtɹʊə.ɹɪ.ə/ pn
Etruria
ancient country

Etruscan /ɪˈtɹʌskən/ adj
etruski
pertaining to the region and culture of Etruria

Etruscan /ɪˈtɹʌskən/ n
Etrusk Etruska
inhabitant of Etruria

Etruscan /ɪˈtɹʌskən/ pn
język etruski
extinct language of Etruria

Euboea /juːˈbiːə/ pn
Eubea Eubeja
Greek island

Eucharist /ˈjuːkəɹɪst/ /ˈjuːkɹɪst/ n
eucharystia
sacrament
ceremony
substances

Euclidean geometry n
geometria euklidesowa
mathematical system

Euclidean space n
przestrzeń euklidesowa
ordinary space

Eugene /juˈd͡ʒin/ /ˈjuː.d͡ʒin/ pn
Eugeniusz
male given name

Eugenia /juːˈd͡ʒiːniə/ /juːˈd͡ʒɛniə/ pn
Eugenia
female given name

Eulalie pn
Eulalia
female given name

Euler's formula pn
wzór Eulera
Euler's formula

Euphemia /juˈfimi.ə/ /juːˈfiːmɪ.ə/ pn
Eufemia
female given name

Euphrates /juːˈfɹeɪtiːz/ pn
Eufrat
river in the Middle East

Eurasia /jəˈɹeɪ.ʒə/ /jʊˈɹeɪ.ʒə/ pn
Eurazja
the largest landmass on Earth, consisting of Europe and Asia

Eurasian adj
eurazjatycki
pertaining to Eurasia

Eurasian Economic Union pn
Unia Euroazjatycka
economic union

Eurasian black vulture n
sęp kasztanowaty
Aegypius monachus

Eurasian blackbird n
kos zwyczajny
Turdus merula

Eurasian blackcap n
kapturka
Sylvia atricapilla

Eurasian bullfinch n
gil zwyczajny
Pyrrhula pyrrhula

Eurasian crag martin n
jaskółka skalna
Ptyonoprogne rupestris

Eurasian eagle owl n
puchacz puchacz zwyczajny
Bubo bubo

Eurasian hobby n
kobuz
Falco subbuteo

Eurasian lynx n
ryś ryś euroazjatycki
Lynx lynx

Eurasian magpie n
sroka zwyczajna sroka
Pica pica

Eurasian nuthatch n
bargiel kowalik zwyczajny
Sitta europaea

Eurasian pygmy owl n
sóweczka sóweczka zwyczajna
Glaucidium passerinum

Eurasian scops owl n
syczek syczek zwyczajny
Otus scops

Eurasian siskin n
czyżyk czyż
Spinus spinus

Eurasian sparrowhawk n
krogulec
Accipiter nisus

Eurasian spoonbill n
warzęcha
Platalea leucorodia

Eurasian teal n
cyraneczka cyraneczka zwyczajna
Anas crecca

Eurasian three-toed woodpecker n
dzięcioł trójpalczasty
Picoides tridactylus

Eurasian treecreeper n
pełzacz leśny
Certhia familiaris

Eurasian wigeon /jəˌɹeɪʒənˈwɪd͡ʒən/ n
świstun
dabbling duck

Eurasian woodcock n
słonka
Scolopax rusticola

Eurasian wren n
strzyzyk zwyczajny
Troglodytes troglodytes

Euripides /jəˈɹɪp.ɪˌdiz/ /jʊˈɹɪp.ɪˌdiz/ pn
Eurypides
a Greek tragedian

Euro- prefix
euro-
pertaining to Europe

Euro-American /ˈjɝ.oʊ.əˈmɛɹ.ɪ.kən/ /ˈjʊɹ.oʊ.əˈmɛɹ.ɪ.kən/ adj
euroamerykański
of or relating to Euroamericans

Euro-American /ˈjɝ.oʊ.əˈmɛɹ.ɪ.kən/ /ˈjʊɹ.oʊ.əˈmɛɹ.ɪ.kən/ n
Euroamerykanin Euroamerykanka
person

Eurocentrism n
eurocentryzm europocentryzm
practice of viewing the world from a European perspective

Eurocrat n
eurokrata
employee of the EU

Eurocurrency n
eurowaluta
foreign currency deposits

Eurodance n
eurodance
A type of European synthesizer-driven dance music

Eurodeterrent /ˌjʊəɹəʊdɪˈtɛɹənt/ /ˌjʊɹoʊdiˈtɛɹənt/ pn
Eurodeterrent
proposed unified nuclear deterrent of the European Union

Eurodollar n
eurodolar
a deposit, in US dollars, held in a bank outside of the United States

Europa /jʊˈɹoʊpə/ pn
Europa
a moon of Jupiter
princess abducted to Crete by Zeus

Europe /ˈjoː.ɹəp/ /ˈjɔː.ɹəp/ /ˈjɝ.əp/ /ˈjʉə.ɹəp/ /ˈjʊə.ɹəp/ /ˈjʊɚ.əp/ pn
Europa
continent

European /(ˌ)jʊə.ɹəˈpiː.ən/ /(ˌ)jʊə.ɹəˈpɪ.ən/ /ˌjɝ.əˈpi.ən/ /ˌjʊɚ.əˈpi.ən/ adj
europejski unijny
relating to Europe or the European Union

European /(ˌ)jʊə.ɹəˈpiː.ən/ /(ˌ)jʊə.ɹəˈpɪ.ən/ /ˌjɝ.əˈpi.ən/ /ˌjʊɚ.əˈpi.ən/ n
Europejczyk Europejka
person

European Central Bank pn
Europejski Bank Centralny
central bank for the European Union

European Commission pn
Komisja Europejska
executive branch

European Economic Area pn
Europejski Obszar Gospodarczy

European Parliament /jʊˈroʊpiən ˈpɑrləmənt/ /jʊˈrəʊpiən ˈpɑːrləmənt/ pn
Parlament Europejski
legislative chamber of the European Union

European Union /ˌjɔːɹəˈpiːən ˈjuːnjən/ /ˌjɝɹəˈpi.ən ˈjunjən/ /ˌjʊəɹəˈpiːən ˈjuːnjən/ /ˌjʊɹəˈpiən ˈjunjən/ pn
Unia Europejska
European supranational organisation

European beaver n
bóbr europejski bóbr zwyczajny
European beaver

European bison /jʊɹəˌpiːən ˈbaɪsn̩/ n
żubr
the wisent species Bison bonasus

European bullhead n
głowacz białopłetwy głowacz pospolity
species

European goldfinch n
szczygieł
Carduelis carduelis

European greenfinch n
dzwoniec dzwoniec zwyczajny
Chloris chloris

European hedgehog n
jeż europejski jeż zachodni
Erinaceus europaeus

European herring gull n
mewa srebrzysta
Larus argentatus

European honey buzzard n
trzmielojad pszczołojad trzmielojad zwyczajny
Pernis apivorus

European hophornbeam n
chmielograb europejski
Ostrya carpinifolia

European larch n
modrzew europejski
Larix decidua

European mink n
norka europejska
mink species

European penduline tit n
remiz remiz zwyczajny
Remiz pendulinus

European pied flycatcher n
muchołówka żałobna
Ficedula hypoleuca

European polecat n
tchórz
Mustela putorius

European robin n
rudzik
Erithacus rubecula

European roller n
kraska
Coracias garrulus

European serin n
kulczyk kulczyk zwyczajny
Serinus serinus

European shag n
kormoran czubaty
Gulosus aristotelis

European smelt n
stynka
Osmerus eperlanus

European stonechat n
kląskawka kląskawka zwyczajna
Saxicola rubicola

European studies n
europeistyka
an academic field of study offered by many colleges and universities that focuses on current developments in European integration

European toad n
ropucha szara
Bufo bufo

European turtle dove n
turkawka
Streptopelia turtur

European white elm n
wiąz szypułkowy
deciduous tree

European windstorm n
orkan

Europeanisation n
europeizacja
assimilation

Europeanity n
europejskość
quality or characteristic of being European

Europeanly adv
europejsko
In European manner.

Europeanness n
europejskość
quality or characteristic of being European

Euroscepticism n
eurosceptycyzm
scepticism of increasing powers of the EU

Eurovision /ˈjɝ.əˌvɪ.ʒ(ə)n/ /ˈjʊə.ɹə(ˌ)vɪ.ʒ(ə)n/ pn
Eurowizja
song contest
television network

Euroyen n
eurojen

Eurozone pn
strefa euro obszar euro
those European Union members whose official currency is the euro

Eurydice /jʊˈɹɪdɪsi/ pn
Eurydyka
mythology

Eustachian tube /ju.ˈsteɪʃən ˈtjuːb/ /ju.ˈsteɪʃən ˈtuːb/ n
trąbka Eustachiusza
tube that links the pharynx to the cavity of the middle ear

Euterpe /juˈtɝpi/ /juːˈtɜːpi/ pn
Euterpe
the Muse of music and lyric poetry

Eve /iːv/ pn
Ewa
given name
the first woman

Evelyn /ˈiːvlɪn/ /ˈɛvəlɪn/ pn
Ewelina
female given name

Evertonian n
Evertonka Evertończyk

Excellency n
ekscelencja
Form of address for certain high officials or dignitaries

Exodus /ˈɛksədəs/ pn
Exodus Księga Wyjścia
departure of Hebrew slaves
Księga Wyjścia Exodus
book of Torah and Old Testament

Extremadura /ˌɛkstɹəməˈdʊəɹə/ pn
Estremadura
autonomous province of Spain

Ezekiel /ɪˈziːkil/ pn
Ezechiel Księga Ezechiela
male given name
prophet
Księga Ezechiela Ezechiel
book of the Bible

Ezra /ˈɛzɹə/ pn
Ezdrasz
Jewish high priest
male given name
Księga Ezdrasza
book of the Bible

F clef n
klucz basowy
a clef

F-sharp n
fis
a tone one semitone higher than an F, denoted F♯

FRG pn
RFN
West Germany

FSB pn
FSB
Russian FSB

FUBAR /ˈfuːbɑːɹ/ adj
POPOLUPO
fucked up (or, bowdlerized, fouled up) beyond all recognition (or beyond all repair)

Fabian /ˈfeɪbi.ən/ pn
Fabian
male given name

Fabianist n
fabianin
supporter of Fabianism

Facebook /ˈfeɪs.bʊk/ pn
Facebook
social-networking website

Falernian adj
falerneński
of or pertaining to the region

Falernian n
falerno
wine

Falkland Islands /ˈfɒlklənd ˌaɪləndz/ /ˈfɔːklənd ˌaɪləndz/ /ˈfɔːlklənd ˌaɪləndz/ pn
Falklandy Malwiny
overseas territory of the UK in the South Atlantic

Falkland Islands wolf n
wilczak falklandzki wilk falklandzki
Dusicyon australis

Falklands War pn
wojna o Falklandy wojna o Malwiny
a conflict between Argentina and the United Kingdom

Fallopian tube n
jajowód
duct

Famennian pn
Famen

Far East pn
Daleki Wschód
East and Southeast Asia

Far Eastern adj
dalekowschodni
of or pertaining to the Far East

Farmer pn
Rolnik
Equivalent surnames of "}}" in other languages

Faroe Islands /ˈfɛəɹəʊ ˌaɪləndz/ pn
Wyspy Owcze
group of islands between Scotland and Iceland

Faroese /fæɹoʊˈiz/ /ˌfɛ(ə)ɹoʊˈiz/ /ˌfɛəɹəʊˈiːz/ pn
farerski
language

Fastiv pn
Fastów
city

Fat Thursday n
tłusty czwartek

Fata Morgana /ˌfɑtə mɔɹˈɡɑnə/ /ˌfɑːtə mɔːˈɡɑːnə/ n
fatamorgana
form of mirage caused by temperature inversion

Father n
ojciec
term of address for a Christian priest

Father Frost pn
Dziadek Mróz
Slavic equivalent to Santa Claus

Father Time pn
Ojciec Czas
Personification of time

Father's Day n
Dzień Ojca
holiday in celebration of fatherhood

Faunus pn
Faun
Roman god

Faustian /ˈfaʊstiən/ /ˈfaʊstɪən/ adj
faustowski faustyczny
of or pertaining to Faust

Faustian bargain /-ɡɪn/ /ˈfaʊstiən ˈbɑːɹɡən/ /ˈfaʊstɪən ˈbɑːɡən/ n
pakt z diabłem
agreement in which a person abandons spiritual values or moral principles in order to obtain benefits

February /j/ /ɹi/ /ɹə.ɹi/ /ˈfɛb.j(ʊ.)ə.ɹi/ /ˈfɛb.juˌɛ(ə)ɹi/ /ˈfɛb.ɹi/ /ˈfɛb.ɹuˌɛɹi/ /ˈfɛb.ɹə.ɹi/ /ˈfɛb.ɹʊ.ə.ɹi/ pn
luty
second month of the Roman, Julian, and Gregorian calendars

Federal Republic of Germany pn
Republika Federalna Niemiec
official name of Germany

Federative Republic of Brazil pn
Federacyjna Republika Brazylii
official name of Brazil

Felicia /fəˈliʃə/ pn
Felicja
female given name

Felix /ˈfiːlɪks/ pn
Feliks Szczęsny
male given name

Feodosia pn
Teodozja
port and resort city

Ferdinand /ˈfɜːdɪnænd/ /ˈfɝdn̩.ænd/ /ˈfɝdən-/ pn
Ferdynand
male given name

Ferghana pn
Fergana
city in Uzbekistan
fergański
attributive form - relating to Ferghana

Ferris wheel /ˈfɛɹɪs wil/ /ˈfɛɹɪs wiːl/ /ˈfɛɹɪs ʍil/ /ˈfɛɹɪs ʍiːl/ n
diabelski młyn
ride at a fair consisting of large wheel

Fertile Crescent /ˈfɜːtaɪl ˈkɹɛsənt/ /ˈfɝːtəl ˈkɹɛsənt/ pn
Żyzny Półksiężyc
crescent-shaped arc of fertile land

Feynman diagram /ˈfaɪnmən ˈdaɪəɡɹæm/ n
diagram Feynmana
pictorial representation of the interactions of subatomic particles

Fez /fɛz/ pn
Fez Fes
city in Morocco

Fiji /fiːˈdʒiː/ /ˈfi.d͡ʒi/ /ˈfiː.dʒiː/ pn
Fidżi
Fiji - a country in Oceania comprising over 300 islands

Fijian /fiːˈd͡ʒiːən/ /fɪˈd͡ʒiːən/ adj
fidżyjski
Pertaining to Fiji, or its language or people

Fijian /fiːˈd͡ʒiːən/ /fɪˈd͡ʒiːən/ n
Fidżyjczyk
a person from Fiji or of Fijian descent

Fijian /fiːˈd͡ʒiːən/ /fɪˈd͡ʒiːən/ pn
fidżyjski
language

Filipino /fɪlɪˈpinoʊ/ /piliˈpino/ adj
Filipiński
of or pertaining to the Philippines or its people

Filipino /fɪlɪˈpinoʊ/ /piliˈpino/ n
Filipińczyk Filipinka
inhabitant of the Philippines

Finland /ˈfɪn.lənd/ pn
Finlandia
Nordic country

Finlandization n
finlandyzacja
the influence of a large state on a smaller one

Finn /ˈfɪn/ n
Fin Finka
ethnic Finn

Finnish /ˈfɪnɪʃ/ adj
fiński
of the Finnish language
fiński finlandzki
of Finland

Finnish /ˈfɪnɪʃ/ n
język fiński fiński
language

Fiona /fiˈoʊnə/ /fiːˈəʊnə/ pn
Fiona
female given name

First Communion n
komunia pierwsza komunia
celebration consisting of a mass and a party
first time that a person receives the sacrament of Communion

First Lady n
pierwsza dama
the wife of the President of a country

First World pn
Pierwszy Świat
countries aligned with the West during the Cold War

Fisher /ˈfɪʃɚ/ pn
Rybak
Equivalent surnames of "}}" in other languages

Flanders /ˈflæn.dɚz/ /ˈflɑːn.dəz/ pn
Flandria
community and region in the north of federal Belgium
historical county
former province and region of northern France

Flaubertian /floʊˈbɝti.ən/ /fləʊˈbɜːtɪən/ adj
flaubertowski
relating to Gustave Flaubert

Flemish /ˈflɛmɪʃ/ adj
flamandzki
of or relating to Flanders
of or relating to the Flemish variety of the Dutch language

Flemish /ˈflɛmɪʃ/ pn
flamandzki
the Dutch language as it is spoken in Flanders

Flemish Brabant pn
Brabancja Flamandzka
province

Flevoland pn
Flevoland
province of the Netherlands

Floian pn
Floj

Flood pn
Potop
the flood referenced in the Book of Genesis

Flora /ˈflɔːɹə/ pn
Flora
female given name
the goddess of flowers

Florence /ˈflɑɹɪns/ /ˈflɒɹəns/ /ˈflɔɹəns/ pn
Florencja
city in Tuscany, Italy
province in Tuscany, Italy
female given name

Florentine /ˈflɒɹəntaɪn/ /ˈflɔɹəntin/ adj
florencki
of or relating to the Italian city of Florence

Florentine /ˈflɒɹəntaɪn/ /ˈflɔɹəntin/ n
florentczyk florentka florentynka florentyńczyk
a native or resident of the Italian city of Florence
florentynka
Florentine biscuit

Florida /ˈfloɹ.də/ /ˈfloɹ.ə.də/ /ˈfloɹ.ɪ.də/ /ˈflɑɹ.ɪ.də/ /ˈflɒɹ.ə.də/ /ˈflɒɹ.ɪ.də/ /ˈflɔ.ɹə.də/ /ˈflɔ.ɹɪ.də/ pn
Floryda
American state

Floréal /ˈflɔːɹɪ.əl/ /ˌflɔɹeɪˈɑl/ pn
floréal
the eighth month of French Republican Calendar

Flying Dutchman /ˌflaɪ.ɪŋ ˈdʌtʃ.mən/ pn
Latający Holender
mythical ghost ship

Flying Fortress pn
Latająca Forteca
B-17 bomber

Flying Spaghetti Monster pn
Latający Potwór Spaghetti
spaghetti deity

Fomalhaut pn
Fomalhaut
star

Fordism n
fordyzm
Fordism

Formosa /fɔɹˈmoʊ.sə/ /fɔɹˈmoʊ.zə/ /fɔːˈməʊ.sə/ pn
Formoza
Taiwan island

Formula One pn
Formuła 1 Formuła Jeden
discipline in motor racing

Fornax pn
Piec
constellation

Forster's tern n
rybitwa czarnoucha
Sterna forsteri

Fort-de-France /ˌfɔː də ˈfɹɑːns/ /ˌfɔː də ˈfɹɒ̃s/ /ˌfɔː(ɹ)t də ˈfɹæns/ pn
Fort-de-France
capital city of Martinique

Fortran /ˈfɔːrtræn/ /ˈfɔːˌtran/ pn
Fortran
Computer language

Foucault's pendulum n
Wahadło Foucaulta
pendulum free to move in any direction

Fountain of Youth pn
fontanna młodości
legendary spring of water that restores youth

Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse pn
czterej jeźdźcy Apokalipsy
Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse

Fourier transform n
transformacja Fouriera
mathematics: a type of integral transform

Fourth Reich pn
Czwarta Rzesza IV Rzesza
Hypothetical resurrection of the Third Reich

Fourth World pn
Czwarty Świat
Traditional civilizations

France /fɹæns/ /fɹɑːns/ pn
Francja
country

Frances /ˈfɹænsɪz/ /ˈfɹɑːnsɪz/ pn
Franciszka
feminine form of Francis

Francis /ˈfɹænsɪs/ /ˈfɹɑːnsɪs/ pn
Franciszek
male given name

Franciscan /fɹænˈsɪskən/ adj
franciszkański
Of or related to the Franciscans

Franciscan /fɹænˈsɪskən/ n
franciszkanin
a member of the OFM

Franco- /ˈ fɹeɪ̯ŋ.koʊ̯/ prefix
franko-
relating to France or French

Francoism pn
frankizm
the dictatorship of Francisco Franco in Spain

Francoist adj
frankistowski

Francoist n
frankista frankistka

Franconia /fɹæŋˈkoʊ.ni.ə/ /fɹæŋˈkoʊ.njə/ /fɹæŋˈkəʊ.ni.ə/ /fɹæŋˈkəʊ.njə/ pn
Frankonia
region of Germany

Franconian /fɹæŋˈkoʊ.ni.ən/ /fɹæŋˈkəʊ.ni.ən/ adj
frankoński
of or relating to Franconia or its inhabitants

Francophile /ˈ fɹeɪ̯ŋ.koʊ̯ˌfaɪ̯l/ /ˈ fɹeɪ̯ŋ.kəˌfaɪ̯l/ adj
francofiel
loving France, the French people or French culture

Francophile /ˈ fɹeɪ̯ŋ.koʊ̯ˌfaɪ̯l/ /ˈ fɹeɪ̯ŋ.kəˌfaɪ̯l/ n
francofiel
one who loves France

Francophobia /ˈfɹæŋ.kəˈfoʊ.bi.ə/ n
frankofobia
hatred or fear of France, the French or French culture

Francophone /ˈfɹæŋkɒfəʊn/ adj
francuskojęzyczny
French-speaking

Frankfurt /ˈfɹæŋkfə(ɹ)t/ pn
Frankfurt Frankfurt nad Menem
Frankfurt-am-Main
Frankfurt Frankfurt nad Odrą
Frankfurt-an-der-Oder

Frankfurt am Main /ˈfɹæŋkfɜː(ɹ)t æm ˈmaɪn/ pn
Frankfurt nad Menem
city in Hesse, Germany

Frankfurt an der Oder pn
Frankfurt nad Odrą
city in Brandenburg, Germany

Frankish /ˈfɹæŋkɪʃ/ adj
frankijski
of or pertaining to the Franks

Frankism n
frankizm
offshoot of Judaism

Franklin's gull n
mewa preriowa
Leucophaeus pipixcan

Frasch process pn
metoda Frascha

Frasnian pn
Fran

Frederick /ˈfɹɛd(ə)ɹɪk/ pn
Fryderyk
male given name

Free City of Danzig pn
Wolne Miasto Gdańsk
former sovereign state

FreeCell pn
FreeCell
card game

Freemason n
mason wolnomularz
member of the Free and Accepted Masons

Freemasonry pn
masoneria wolnomularstwo
institutions and ways of the Freemasons

Freiburg /fɹaɪ.bɜː(ɹ)ɡ/ pn
Fryburg Bryzgowijski
a German city

French /fɹɛnt͡ʃ/ /fɹɛnʃ/ adj
francuski
of or relating to France
of or relating to the French people
francuski język francuski
of or relating to the French language

French /fɹɛnt͡ʃ/ /fɹɛnʃ/ n
Francuzi francuski
people of France, collectively

French /fɹɛnt͡ʃ/ /fɹɛnʃ/ pn
francuski francuszczyzna
principal language of France and other related countries

French Guiana pn
Gujana Francuska
overseas department

French Polynesia /ˈfɹɛntʃ pɑ.ləˈni.ʒə/ /ˈfɹɛntʃ pɑ.lɪˈni.ʒə/ /ˈfɹɛntʃ pɒl.ɪˈniː.zi.ə/ /ˈfɹɛntʃ pɒl.ɪˈniː.ʃə/ /ˈfɹɛntʃ pɒl.ɪˈniː.ʒə/ pn
Polinezja Francuska
Overseas territory of France

French Republic pn
Republika Francuska
country

French Republican Calendar pn
francuski kalendarz republikański francuski kalendarz rewolucyjny
calendar used for twelve years in revolutionary France

French Revolution pn
rewolucja francuska Wielka Rewolucja Francuska
revolution in France from 1789-1799

French Riviera pn
Lazurowe Wybrzeże
French Riviera

French bean n
fasola szparagowa fasolka szparagowa
haricot bean

French curve n
krzywik
drafting template

French franc n
frank francuski

French horn n
waltornia
musical instrument

French kiss /frɛntʃˈkɪs/ /frɛnʃˈkɪs/ n
francuski pocałunek pocałunek z języczkiem
a kiss involving the tongue

French kiss /frɛntʃˈkɪs/ /frɛnʃˈkɪs/ v
całować
to give a French kiss

French leave n
wyjście po angielsku
sudden or unannounced departure

French onion soup n
cebulowa
soup

French window n
okno francuskie portfenetr
door

Frenchified /ˈfɹɛnt͡ʃɪˌfaɪd/ adj
sfrancuziały
made French or more French-like

Frenchman n
Francuz
person of French birth or nationality

Frenchness /ˈfɹɛnt͡ʃnəs/ n
francuszczyzna
being French

Frenchwoman n
Francuzka
Frenchwoman (a French woman)

Freudian /ˈfɹɔɪ.di.ən/ adj
freudowski
relating to or influenced by Sigmund Freud

Freudian /ˈfɹɔɪ.di.ən/ n
freudysta freudystka
a follower of Sigmund Freud

Freudian slip /ˌfɹɔɪdi.ən ˈslɪp/ /ˌfɹɔɪdɪ.ən ˈslɪp/ n
freudowska pomyłka
subconscious mistake in speech or action

Freudianism n
freudyzm
Freudian beliefs and practices

Freya /ˈfɹeɪə/ pn
Freja
Norse goddess of love
female given name

Fribourg pn
Fryburg
canton
city

Friday /-di/ /-ˌdi/ /ˈfɹaɪdeɪ/ /ˈfɹaɪˌdeɪ/ n
piątek
day of the week

Friesland /fɹiːzlænd/ /ˈfɹiːzlənd/ pn
Fryzja
province of the Netherlands

Frimaire /fɹiˈmɛəɹ/ /fɹɪˈmɛː/ pn
frimaire
the third month of the French Republican Calendar

Frisbee /ˈfɹɪzbi/ n
frisbee
sport
toy

Frisian /ˈfɹiː.ʒən/ /ˈfɹɪz.i.ən/ /ˈfɹɪʒ.ən/ adj
fryzyjski
of or in the or a Frisian language
of or pertaining to the Dutch province of Friesland
of or relating to the people of Frisia
of or relating to the people of the Dutch province of Friesland
of or relating to the region of Frisia

Frisian /ˈfɹiː.ʒən/ /ˈfɹɪz.i.ən/ /ˈfɹɪʒ.ən/ n
Fryz Fryzyjka
person from the Dutch province of Friesland

Frisian /ˈfɹiː.ʒən/ /ˈfɹɪz.i.ən/ /ˈfɹɪʒ.ən/ pn
fryzyjski
the Frisian language group

Fritz /fɹɪts/ n
fryc helmut szkop szwab
derogatory: a German person

Friuli-Venezia Giulia pn
Friuli-Wenecja Julijska
region

Friulian /fɹiːuːli(ː)ən/ adj
friulski
relating to Friuli

Friulian /fɹiːuːli(ː)ən/ pn
friulski
language spoken in Friuli

Frodo pn
Frodo
male given name

Froude number n
liczba Froude'a

Fructidor /ˈfɹʊktɪdɔː/ /ˌfɹʊktəˈdɔɹ/ /ˌfɹʏktəˈdɔɹ/ pn
fructidor
the twelfth month of the French Republican Calendar

Fulk pn
Fulcjusz
historical given name

Furies pn
Furie
Greek goddesses of vengeance

Fury pn
Furia
female personification of vengeance

Fusha /ˈfʊshə/ pn
fusha standardowy język arabski
standard Arabic

G clef n
klucz wiolinowy
treble clef

G-d pn
B-g
deliberately incomplete spelling of God

G-sharp n
gis
a tone one semitone higher than a G, denoted G♯

G-spot /ˈdʒiː.spɒt/ n
punkt G
sensitive, erogenous zone on the anterior wall of the vagina

G-string n
stringi
a scanty piece of underwear or lingerie

G8 pn
G8
Group of 8

GDP /ˌd͡ʒiːdiːˈpiː/ n
PKB
gross domestic product

GDPR pn
RODO
2018 EU regulation concerning personal data

GDR pn
NRD
German Democratic Republic

GFY phraseologicalUnit
idź się jebać pierdol się
Go fuck yourself

GMO n
GMO
genetically modified organism

GPS n
GPS
Global Positioning System

GPS receiver n
nawigacja
GPS receiver

GRU pn
GRU
Soviet and Russian GRU

Gabon /ɡəˈbɒn/ pn
Gabon
Gabonese Republic

Gabonese /ɡæ.bəˈniːz/ adj
gaboński
Of, from, or pertaining to Gabon or the Gabonese people

Gabonese /ɡæ.bəˈniːz/ n
Gabonka Gabończyk
A person from Gabon or of Gabonese descent

Gabriel /ˈɡeɪbɹi.əl/ pn
Gabriel
male given name
archangel

Gabriela pn
Gabriela
female given name

Gaea /d͡ʒiːə/ /ˈɡaɪə/ pn
Gaja
earth goddess

Gaelic /ˈɡalɪk/ /ˈɡeɪlɪk/ /ˈɡælɪk/ adj
gaelicki
relating to the Gaels or their language

Gaelic football /ˌɡeɪlɪk ˈfʊtbɔl/ /ˌɡeɪlɪk ˈfʊtbɔːl/ /ˌɡæ-/ [-ˈfʊʔ-] n
futbol gaelicki
Irish form of football

Gagauz /ˌɡæɡɑːˈuːz/ adj
gagauski
of, from, or pertaining to Gagauzia, Gagauz people, or the language

Gagauz /ˌɡæɡɑːˈuːz/ n
Gagauz Gagauzka
person

Gagauz /ˌɡæɡɑːˈuːz/ pn
gagauski
language

Gagauzia pn
Gagauzja
Autonomous region

Gaia /ˈɡaɪə/ /ˈɡeɪə/ pn
Gaja
the ecosystem of the Earth regarded as a self-regulating organism

Galapagos Islands pn
Galapagos
Ecuadorian archipelago

Galatia pn
Galacja
region of Asia Minor

Galatian /ɡəˈleɪ.ʃən/ adj
galacki
pertaining to Galatia

Galatian /ɡəˈleɪ.ʃən/ n
Galacjanin Galacjanka Galata Galatka
person from Galatia

Galatians /ɡəˈleɪʃənz/ pn
List do Galatów
book of the Bible

Galicia /ɡəˈlɪ.si.ə/ /ɡəˈlɪ.ʃə/ pn
Galicia Galicja
Iberian kingdom, region of Spain
Galicja
historical kingdom in Central Europe

Galician /ɡəˈlɪs.i.ən/ /ɡəˈlɪʃ.ən/ adj
galicyjski galisyjski
pertaining to Galicia in Iberia
galicyjski
pertaining to Galicia in Central Europe

Galician /ɡəˈlɪs.i.ən/ /ɡəˈlɪʃ.ən/ n
Galicjanin Galicjanka
person(s) from Galicia, Spain
galicyjski
Romance language spoken in Galicia
Galicjanin Galicjanka
inhabitant of Galicia in Central Europe

Galilean n
Galilejczyk Galilejka
person from Galilee

Galilee pn
Galilea
region of northern Israel

Galileo /ˌɡæl.ɪˈleɪ.oʊ/ /ˌɡæl.ɪˈleɪ.əʊ/ /ˌɡæl.ɪˈliː.oʊ/ /ˌɡæl.ɪˈlæɪ.əʉ/ pn
Galileusz
Galileo Galilei

Gallic /ˈɡælɪk/ adj
galijski
of or relating to ancient Gaul or its inhabitants

Gallo- prefix
gallo-

Gallurese adj
gallurski galluryjski
of or pertaining to Gallura

Gallurese n
Gallur Galluryjka
person

Gallurese pn
gallurski
language

Galway /ˈɡɔlweɪ/ /ˈɡɔːlweɪ/ pn
Galway
city in Ireland
county in Ireland

Galway Bay pn
Zatoka Galway
bay off the west coast of Ireland

Gambia /ˈɡæm.bi.ə/ pn
Gambia
The Republic of The Gambia

Gambian adj
gambijski
of Gambia

Gambian n
Gambijczyk Gambijka
person from Gambia

Ganesha /ɡəˈne(ɪ)ʃ(ə)/ /ɡəˈneɪʃə/ pn
Ganeśa
Hindu god

Gang of Four pn
banda czworga
leftist political faction

Ganges /ˈɡændʒiːz/ /ˈɡænd͡ʒiz/ pn
Ganges
the river

Gansu pn
Gansu
province of China

Ganymede /ˈɡænɪmiːd/ pn
Ganimedes
satellite of Jupiter
in Greek mythology

Gascon /ˈɡæskən/ n
Gaskon Gaskonka Gaskończyk
inhabitant

Gascony pn
Gaskonia
former region of France

Gatling gun /ˈɡætlɪŋ ˌɡʌn/ n
kartaczownica Gatlinga
a type of machine gun

Gaul /ɡɑl/ /ɡɔːl/ n
Gal Galijka
person

Gaul /ɡɑl/ /ɡɔːl/ pn
Galia
region

Gaulish /ɡɑlɪʃ/ /ɡɔːlɪʃ/ adj
galijski
of or pertaining to Gaul

Gaulish /ɡɑlɪʃ/ /ɡɔːlɪʃ/ pn
galijski
Celtic language of Gaul

Gaza /ˈɡɑːzə/ pn
Gaza
city

Gaza Strip /ˌɡɑːzə ˈstɹɪp/ pn
Strefa Gazy Gaza
Gaza Strip

Gazan /ˈɡɑːzən/ adj
gazański
of or from Gaza

Gazan /ˈɡɑːzən/ n
Gazanka Gazańczyk Gazejczyk Gazejka
person from Gaza

Gdańsk /ɡəˈdænsk/ /ɡəˈdɑːnsk/ pn
Gdańsk
city of Poland

Gdynia /ɡəˈdɪniə/ pn
Gdynia
city

Gdynian adj
gdyński
from Gdynia

Gehenna /ɡəˈhɛ.nə/ pn
gehenna
hell, in Abrahamic religions

Gelasian pn
gelas
geological age

Gelderland pn
Geldria
province of the Netherlands

Gelendzhik pn
Gelendżyk
city

Gemini /ˈd͡ʒɛmɪnaɪ/ /ˈd͡ʒɛmɪniː/ pn
Bliźnięta
astrological sign
constellation

Gemma /ˈd͡ʒɛmə/ pn
Gemma
Alpha (α) Coronae Borealis
feminine given name

General Secretary /ˈd͡ʒɛnəɹəl ˈsɛk.ɹəˌtə.ɹi/ n
sekretarz generalny
chief administrator of political parties or organizations

Generation X /ˌdʒɛnəɹeɪʃn̩ ˈɛks/ /ˌdʒɛnəˌɹeɪʃən ˈɛks/ pn
Pokolenie X
generation of people born after the baby boom that followed World War II

Genesis /ˈd͡ʒɛ.nə.səs/ pn
Księga Rodzaju Genesis
the book of the Bible

Geneva /d͡ʒəˈniːvə/ pn
Genewa
city
canton

Geneva Convention pn
konwencja genewska
international treaty

Genevan adj
genewski
pertaining to Geneva

Genevieve /ˈdʒɛn.ɪˌviːv/ pn
Genowefa
female given name

Genghis Khan /ˈdʒɛŋɡɪs ˈkɑːn/ /ˈɡɛŋɡɪs ˈkɑːn/ pn
Czyngis-chan Dżyngis-chan
Genghis Khan

Genoa /dʒɛnˈəʊ.ə/ /d͡ʒɛnˈoʊ.ə/ /ˈdʒɛn.əʊ.ə/ /ˈd͡ʒɛn.oʊ.ə/ pn
Genua
Italian city
province

Genoese /ˌd͡ʒɛnəʊˈiːz/ adj
genueński
of, from or relating to Genoa

Genseric pn
Genzeryk
male given name

George /dʒɔː(ɹ)dʒ/ pn
Jerzy
male given name

Georgeson /ˈdʒɔː(ɹ)dʒsən/ pn
Jerzewicz
surname meaning "son of George"

Georgia /ˈd͡ʒɔɹ.d͡ʒə/ /ˈd͡ʒɔʊ.d͡ʒə/ /ˈd͡ʒɔː.d͡ʒə/ pn
Gruzja
country
Georgia Gruzja
state of the USA

Georgian /ˈd͡ʒoːd͡ʒən/ /ˈd͡ʒɔɹd͡ʒən/ /ˈd͡ʒɔʊ.d͡ʒən/ /ˈd͡ʒɔːd͡ʒən/ adj
gruziński
pertaining to the country, people or language of Georgia

Georgian /ˈd͡ʒoːd͡ʒən/ /ˈd͡ʒɔɹd͡ʒən/ /ˈd͡ʒɔʊ.d͡ʒən/ /ˈd͡ʒɔːd͡ʒən/ n
Gruzin Gruzinka
person from the country of Georgia
gruziński
language of the country of Georgia

Geraldine pn
Geraldyna
female given name

German /ˈd͡ʒɜː.mən/ /ˈd͡ʒɝ.mən/ adj
niemiecki Niemiec
of or relating to the country of Germany
of or relating to the German people
of or relating to the German language

German /ˈd͡ʒɜː.mən/ /ˈd͡ʒɝ.mən/ n
Germanin Germanka
member of a Germanic tribe
Niemiec Niemka
member of the Germanic ethnic group which is the most populous ethnic group in Germany
Niemiec Niemka niemiecki
native or inhabitant of Germany; person of German citizenship or nationality

German /ˈd͡ʒɜː.mən/ /ˈd͡ʒɝ.mən/ pn
niemiecki niemczyzna
the German language

German Democratic Republic pn
Niemiecka Republika Demokratyczna
East Germany from 1949 to 1990

German Empire pn
Cesarstwo Niemieckie
Germany between 1871 and 1918

German shepherd n
owczarek niemiecki
breed of dog

German studies n
filologia germańska germanistyka filologia niemiecka
academic discipline

Germania pn
Germania
historical region

Germanic /d͡ʒɜːˈmæn.ɪk/ /d͡ʒɝˈmæn.ɪk/ adj
germański
relating to the Germanic peoples
relating to the language or group of languages known as Germanic
having German characteristics

Germanic /d͡ʒɜːˈmæn.ɪk/ /d͡ʒɝˈmæn.ɪk/ pn
germański
early language
germańskie
group of Indo-European languages

Germanism n
germanizm
a word or idiom of the German language

Germanization n
germanizacja
Making more German

Germanize /ˈdʒɜːmənaɪz/ /ˈd͡ʒɝmənaɪz/ v
germanizować niemczyć zniemczać
make more German

Germanness n
niemczyzna niemiecczyzna
being German

Germano- prefix
germano-
relating to Germany and German culture

Germanophone adj
niemieckojęzyczny
German-speaking

Germany /ˈd͡ʒɜː.mə.ni/ /ˈd͡ʒɝ.mə.ni/ pn
Niemcy
country in Central Europe

Germinal /ˈdʒɜːmɪnəl/ /ˈd͡ʒɝmənəl/ pn
germinal
the seventh month of the French Republican Calendar

Gertrude /ˈɡɝtɹud/ pn
Gertruda
female given name

Gervase pn
Gerwazy
male given name

Gesamtkunstwerk n
synteza sztuki
operatic performance

Gestapo /ɡəˈʃtɑpoʊ/ /ɡɛˈstɑpoʊ/ pn
Gestapo gestapo
the secret police of Nazi Germany

Gethsemane /ɡɛθˈsɛməni/ pn
Getsemani Ogród Oliwny Ogrójec
garden in ancient Jerusalem

Gettier problem n
problem Gettiera

Ghana /ˈɡænə/ /ˈɡɑnə/ /ˈɡɑːnə/ pn
Ghana
The Republic of Ghana

Ghanaian /ɡɑː.ˈneɪ.ən/ /ˈɡɑ.ni.ən/ adj
ghański
of, from, or pertaining to Ghana or the Ghanaian people

Ghanaian /ɡɑː.ˈneɪ.ən/ /ˈɡɑ.ni.ən/ n
Ghanka Ghańczyk
person from Ghana or of Ghanaian descent

Ghazni pn
Ghazni
city in Afghanistan
province of Afghanistan

Ghent /ˈɡɛnt/ pn
Gandawa
capital city of the province of East Flanders, Belgium

Ghibelline /ˈɡɪbəlaɪn/ /ˈɡɪbəlin/ /ˈɡɪbələn/ /ˈɡɪbɪlaɪn/ n
gibelin
member of a medieval Italian faction that supported the German emperors

Ghost of Christmas Past pn
Duch minionych świąt Bożego Narodzenia
the fictional ghost

Ghost of Christmas Present pn
duch teraźniejszych świąt Bożego Narodzenia
the fictional ghost

Ghost of Christmas Yet to Come pn
duch przyszłych świąt Bożego Narodzenia
the fictional ghost

Giant Mountains pn
Karkonosze
the particular mountain range

Gibraltar /d͡ʒɪˈbɹɒltə(ɹ)/ /d͡ʒɪˈbɹɔːltə(ɹ)/ pn
Gibraltar
British overseas territory

Gibson's paradox pn
paradoks Giffena

Gilead /ˈɡɪliæd/ /ˈɡɪliəd/ pn
Gilead
Biblical region east of the Jordan

Giles /d͡ʒaɪlz/ pn
Idzi
male given name

Gilgamesh /ˈɡɪl.ɡə.mɛʃ/ pn
Gilgamesz
legendary king of Uruk

Girl Scout n
skautka
a member of the Girl Scouts

Gironde /dʒɪˈɹɒnd/ /d͡ʒɪˈɹɑnd/ /ʒɪˈɹɒnd/ pn
Żyronda
French department in New Aquitaine

Girondist n
żyrondysta
member of a moderate faction during the French revolution

Glagolitic /ˌɡlæɡəʊˈlɪtɪk/ /ˌɡlæɡəˈlɪtɪk/ adj
głagolicki głagoliczny
of or pertaining to the Glagolitic alphabet

Glagolitic /ˌɡlæɡəʊˈlɪtɪk/ /ˌɡlæɡəˈlɪtɪk/ n
głagolica
the oldest known Slavonic alphabet

Glarus pn
Glarus
canton of Switzerland

Glasgow /ˈɡlaz.ɡo/ /ˈɡles.kə/ /ˈɡlez.ɡə/ /ˈɡlæs-/ /ˈɡlæz-/ /ˈɡlæz.ɡoʊ/ /ˈɡlæz.ɡəʉ/ /ˈɡlɐːz.ɡɐʉ/ /ˈɡlɐːz.ɡəʉ/ /ˈɡlɑːs-/ /ˈɡlɑːz.ɡəʊ/ /ˈɡlɛz.ɡɐʉ/ pn
Glasgow
largest city of Scotland

Glaswegian /ɡlaz.ˈwiːdʒən/ adj
glasgowski

Glauber's salt n
siarczan sodu

Gliwice pn
Gliwice
city in Poland

Gnostic /ˈnɑstɪk/ /ˈnɒstɪk/ adj
gnostycki gnostyczny
relating to Gnosticism

Gnostic /ˈnɑstɪk/ /ˈnɒstɪk/ n
gnostyczka gnostyk
a believer in Gnosticism

Gnosticism /ˈnɑstəsɪzəm/ /ˈnɒstɪsɪzəm/ n
gnostycyzm
Gnosticism

Goa pn
Goa
state in western India

Gobelin n
arras gobelin tapiseria
a mainly French and Flemish type of tapestry

God /ɡɑ(d)/ /ɡɑd/ /ɡɒd/ /ɡɔːd/ n
Bóg
an omnipotent being

God /ɡɑ(d)/ /ɡɑd/ /ɡɒd/ /ɡɔːd/ pn
Bóg
single male deity of duotheism

God bless you interjection
na zdrowie
said to somebody who has sneezed
niech cię Bóg błogosławi szczęść Boże
said as a short prayer for the recipient

God complex n
Kompleks Boga
inflated feelings of personal ability etc.

God forbid interjection
broń Boże nie daj Bóg niech Pan Bóg broni
Don't let it be

God knows phraseologicalUnit
Bóg jeden wie Bóg jedyny wie Bóg raczy wiedzieć Bóg wie
Only known to God; only known to the gods

God the Father pn
Bóg Ojciec Pan Bóg
person of the Trinity

God the Holy Ghost pn
Bóg Duch Święty
person of the Trinity

God the Son pn
Syn Boży Syn Człowieczy
the person of the Trinity that became flesh in Jesus Christ

God willing interjection
daj Boże jak Bóg da
God willing

God works in mysterious ways proverb
niezbadane są wyroki Boskie
a situation may be beneficial later

God-fearing adj
bogobojny pobożny
following the precepts of a religious practice and respects and reveres god and his authority

Godfrey /ˈɡɑdfɹi/ /ˈɡɒdfɹi/ pn
Godfryd
male given name

Godspeed /ˌɡɑdˈspid/ /ˌɡɒdˈspiːd/ interjection
powodzenia szczęść Boże z Bogiem
used, especially at a parting, to express the wish that the outcome of the actions of a person (typically someone about to start a journey or a daring endeavour) is positive for them

Godzilla /ɡɑdˈzɪlə/ /ɡɒdˈzɪlə/ pn
Godzilla
Japanese science-fiction monster

Goethean adj
goethowski
relating to Goethe

Gogol pn
Gogol
Gogol

Goidelic /ɡɔɪˈdɛlɪk/ n
gaelicki goidelski
division of the Celtic languages

Golan Heights pn
Wzgórza Golan
plateau

Golden Fleece /ˈɡoʊl.dən fliːs/ /ˈɡəʊl.dən fliːs/ [ˈɡɒʊ̯ɫ.dn̩ ˈfliːs] [ˈɡəɫ.dn̩ ˈfliːs] pn
złote runo
in mythology

Golden Gate Bridge pn
Golden Gate Bridge most Golden Gate
suspension bridge in California

Golden Horde pn
Złota Orda
the Mongol khanate

Golden Horn pn
Złoty Róg
waterway and inlet

Golden Retriever n
golden retriever
breed of dog

Goldilocks /ˈɡəʊldilɒks/ pn
Złotowłosa
fairy tale character

Goldilocks zone n
strefa Złotowłosej
the planetary zone that could sustain life

Golgotha /ɡɒlˈɡɒθə/ /ˈɡɒlɡəθə/ pn
Golgota
the crucifixion hill

Goliard n
goliard wagant
wandering student

Goliath /ɡəˈlaɪəθ/ pn
Goliat
biblical giant

Gomel pn
Gomel Homel
city

Gomorrah /ɡəˈmɔɹ.ə/ /ɡəˈmɔː.ɹə/ pn
Gomora
city in the Middle East

Gondwana /ɡɑndˈwɑnə/ /ɡɒndˈwɑːnə/ pn
Gondwana
southern supercontinent

Good Book pn
Pismo Święte
the Good Book

Good Friday pn
Wielki Piątek
The Friday before Easter Sunday, the commemoration of the day on which Christ was crucified

Good Samaritan n
Dobry Samarytanin
kind person
subject of the parable

Good Samaritan law n
prawo dobrego Samarytanina
law that exempts from legal liability

Good Shepherd pn
Dobry Pasterz
Jesus Christ

Goofy pn
Goofy
Disney character

Google /ˈɡuːɡəl/ pn
Google
Google

Gorbachev pn
Gorbaczow
Russian surname

Gorbachevian adj
gorbaczowowski

Gordian knot /ˈɡoʊɹdɪən ˈnɑt/ /ˈɡɔːdɪən ˈnɒt/ n
węzeł gordyjski
intricate problem
mythical knot

Gorizia pn
Gorycja
town & province

Gorno-Altaysk pn
Gornoałtajsk
town, centre of the Altai Republic, Russia

Gorstian pn
Gorst

Gorzuchów /ɡɔːˈʒuːxuːf/ pn
Gorzuchów
village in Kłodzko, Lower Silesia, Poland

Gorzów pn
Gorzów
city

Gorzów Wielkopolski pn
Gorzów Wielkopolski
city

Gorzów Śląski pn
Gorzów Śląski
city

Gosplan /ˈɡɒsplæn/ pn
Gosplan

Goth /ɡɑθ/ /ɡɒθ/ n
Got Gotka
member of the East Germanic people

Gothenburg /ˈɡɑθn̩bɝɡ/ /ˈɡɒθn̩bɜːɡ/ pn
Göteborg
city on the west coast of Sweden

Gothenburger n
göteborczyk göteborka
person from, or an inhabitant of, Gothenburg

Gothic /ˈɡɑ.θɪk/ /ˈɡɒθ.ɪk/ adj
gocki
of or relating to the Goths
gotycki
of or relating to a style of fictional writing
of or relating to the architectural style
of a sans serif typeface
of or relating to the goth subculture or lifestyle
of the type formerly used for printing German

Gothic /ˈɡɑ.θɪk/ /ˈɡɒθ.ɪk/ pn
gocki
extinct Germanic language

Gotland pn
Gotlandia
island of Sweden

Gozo /ˈɡoʊzoʊ/ /ˈɡəʊzəʊ/ pn
Gozo
island

Graham bread n
graham
bread baked of graham flour

Granada /ɡɹəˈnɑː.də/ pn
Granada
city in Spain

Grand Duchy of Lithuania pn
Wielkie Księstwo Litewskie
former European state

Grand Duchy of Luxembourg pn
Wielkie Księstwo Luksemburga
official name of Luxembourg

Grand Prix /ɡɹæn(d) ˈpɹiː/ /ɡɹɑn ˈpɹiː/ /ɡɹɑ̃ ˈpɹiː/ /ɡɹɒn ˈpɹiː/ /ɡɹɒ̃ ˈpɹiː/ n
grand prix
any of several international races, especially one of a series for Formula One racing cars

Grand Slam pn
Wielki Szlem
tennis

Grandmaster n
arcymistrz arcymistrzyni
highest title for chess player

Great Barrier Reef pn
Wielka Rafa Koralowa
Great Barrier Reef

Great Bear pn
Wielka Niedźwiedzica
a bright circumpolar asterism of the northern sky

Great Britain pn
Wielka Brytania
island
United Kingdom

Great Dane n
dog niemiecki
mastiff

Great Depression pn
Wielki kryzys
economic collapse

Great Game pn
wielka gra
the strategic rivalry and conflict

Great Hours n
Wielkie Godziny
a particularly solemn celebration in the Eastern Orthodox Church

Great Lakes pn
Wielkie Jeziora Północnoamerykańskie
a group of five lakes on the United States–Canada border

Great Leap Forward pn
Wielki skok naprzód
Great Leap Forward (in China)

Great Patriotic War pn
wielka wojna ojczyźniana
the war between the USSR and Nazi Germany between 1941 and 1945

Great Pyramid of Giza pn
Piramida Cheopsa
the largest and most famous of the Egyptian pyramids

Great Salt Lake pn
Wielkie Jezioro Słone
saltwater lake

Great Satan pn
Wielki Szatan
pejorative: United States of America

Great Schism pn
Wielka schizma wschodnia
schism in 1054
Wielka schizma zachodnia
schism from 1378 to 1417

Great Vowel Shift pn
wielka przesuwka samogłoskowa
major change in the pronunciation of the English language

Great Wall of China pn
Wielki Mur Chiński
Chinese fortification

Great War pn
Wielka Wojna
epithet for World War I

Greater Armenia pn
Armenia Większa
Greater Armenia

Greater London pn
Wielki Londyn
administrative area

Greater Poland pn
Wielkopolska
region of Poland

Greater Poland Voivodeship pn
województwo wielkopolskie
Greater Poland Voivodeship

Grecism /ˈɡɹiːsɪzəm/ n
grecyzm
word or idiom of the Greek language used in another language

Greece /ɡɹiːs/ pn
Grecja
country in Southeastern Europe

Greek /ɡɹiːk/ adj
grecki Grek
of or relating to Greece, its people, its language, or its culture

Greek /ɡɹiːk/ n
Grek Greczynka
person from Greece or of Greek descent

Greek /ɡɹiːk/ pn
grecki greka
language of the Greek people

Greek Orthodox Church pn
Grecki Kościół Prawosławny
group of Eastern Orthodox churches

Greek fire n
ogień grecki
flammable substance

Greek salad n
sałatka grecka
salad

Greenland /ˈɡɹiːn.lænd/ /ˈɡɹiːn.lənd/ pn
Grenlandia
a large self-governing island in North America

Greenlander n
Grenlandczyk Grenlandka
a person from Greenland or of Greenlandic descent

Greenlandic adj
grenlandzki
of, from, or pertaining to Greenland, its people or language

Greenlandic pn
grenlandzki
language

Gregorian /ɡɹɪɡɔːɹi.ən/ adj
gregoriański
of, or relating to a person named Gregory

Gregorian calendar pn
kalendarz gregoriański
calendar

Gregorian chant n
chorał gregoriański śpiew gregoriański
unaccompanied monotonic singing style

Gregory /ˈɡɹɛɡəɹi/ pn
Grzegorz
male given name

Grenada /ɡɹəˈneɪdə/ pn
Grenada
Caribbean country

Gretel pn
Gosia Małgosia
given name
Małgosia
character in the fairy tale Hansel and Gretel

Gretzky pn
Grecki
surname

Grigory pn
Grzegorz
given name

Grim Reaper /ˈɡɹɪm ˈɹi.pɚ/ /ˈɡɹɪm ˈɹiː.pə/ pn
kostucha śmiertka
personification of Death

Grisons pn
Gryzonia
canton of Switzerland

Grodno pn
Grodno
city

Groningen pn
Groningen
city
province

Gronkow pn
Gronków

Groundhog Day pn
Dzień Świstaka
festival

Grozny pn
Grozny
city in Russia

Grudziądz pn
Grudziądz
city

Grus pn
Żuraw
spring constellation of the southern sky

Gryffindor n
Gryffindor
Gryffindor House Harry Potter
Gryfon
a person having traits associated with Gryffindor House Harry Potter

Guadalcanal /ˌɡwɑː.dəl.kəˈnɑːl/ pn
Guadalcanal
Pacific island

Guadalquivir /ˌɡwɑdəlkiˈvɪɹ/ /ˌɡwɑdəlˈkwɪvɚ/ /ˌɡwɑːdəlkɪˈvɪə/ pn
Gwadalkiwir
river in southern Spain

Guadalupian pn
gwadalup
Guadalupian epoch

Guadeloupe /ɡwɑdə.ˈlʊp/ /ɡwɑːdə.ˈluːp/ /ˌɡwɑːdə.ˈluːp/ pn
Gwadelupa
overseas department and region of France

Guadiana /ɡwɑdˈjɑnə/ /ˌɡwɑdiˈɑnə/ /ˌɡwɑːdɪˈɑːnə/ pn
Gwadiana
river in Spain and Portugal

Guam /ɡwæm/ /ɡwɑm/ /ɡwɑːm/ /ɡwɒm/ pn
Guam
Territory of Guam

Guangzhou /ɡwæŋˈdʒəʊ/ /ˈɡwɑŋˈd͡ʒoʊ/ pn
Kanton
Chinese city

Guatemala /ˌɡwɑː.təˈmɑː.lə/ pn
Gwatemala
country in Central America

Guatemala City pn
Gwatemala
capital of Guatemala

Guatemalan adj
gwatemalski
of, from, or pertaining to Guatemala or its people

Guelph /ɡwɛlf/ n
gwelf
member of a medieval Italian faction that supported the Pope

Guernsey /ˈɡɜːnzi/ /ˈɡɝnzi/ pn
Guernsey
island

Guianan slaty antshrike n
chronka plamista
bird

Guidonian adj
gwidoński
Of or relating to Guido of Arezzo

Guillain-Barré syndrome /-bɑɹˈeɪ-/ /ɡiːˈæn bəˈɹeɪ ˈsɪndɹoʊm/ /ɡiːˈɑːn-/ /ˈɡiːlæn ˈbɑɹeɪ ˈsɪndɹəʊm/ n
zespół Guillaina-Barrégo
rapid-onset muscle weakness resulting from impaired peripheral nervous system function

Guinea /ˈɡɪniː/ pn
Gwinea
short form of the Republic of Guinea

Guinea-Bissau pn
Gwinea Bissau
Republic of Guinea-Bissau

Guinean adj
gwinejski
from Guinea

Guinevere /ˈɡwɪ.nə.vɪə/ /ˈɡwɪ.nə.vɪɹ/ pn
Ginewra
female given name
wife of King Arthur

Guizhou /(ˈ)ɡweɪˈd͡ʒoʊ/ pn
Kuejczou
province of China

Gujarat /ɡʊ.dʒə.ˈɾaːt̪/ /ˌɡʊd͡ʒəˈɹɑːt/ pn
Gudźarat Gudżarat
state in western India

Gujarati /ˌɡuːd͡ʒəˈrɑːti/ /ˌɡʊd͡ʒəˈrɑːti/ adj
gudźaracki gudżaracki
of, from, or pertaining to Gujarat, or the Gujarati people

Gujarati /ˌɡuːd͡ʒəˈrɑːti/ /ˌɡʊd͡ʒəˈrɑːti/ n
Gudźar Gudźarka Gudżar Gudżarka
person

Gujarati /ˌɡuːd͡ʒəˈrɑːti/ /ˌɡʊd͡ʒəˈrɑːti/ pn
gudżarati gudźarati
language

Gulf Stream pn
Golfsztrom Prąd Zatokowy Golfstrom
warm ocean current

Gulf of Aden pn
Zatoka Adeńska
a gulf

Gulf of Alaska pn
Zatoka Alaska
arm of the Pacific Ocean

Gulf of Bothnia /ˌɡʌlf əv ˈbɒθniə/ pn
Zatoka Botnicka
arm of the Baltic

Gulf of California pn
Zatoka Kalifornijska
body of water

Gulf of Finland pn
Zatoka Fińska
arm of the Baltic Sea

Gulf of Guinea pn
Zatoka Gwinejska
part of the Atlantic Ocean

Gulf of Mexico pn
Zatoka Meksykańska
gulf between USA and Mexico

Gulf of Naples pn
Zatoka Neapolitańska
Mediterranean gulf along the coast of Campania

Gulf of Riga pn
Zatoka Ryska
inland body of water that is part of the Baltic Sea in eastern Europe and is near Latvia and Estonia

Gulf of Thailand pn
Zatoka Tajlandzka
body of water

Gummy Bears pn
gumiś
candy

Gunpowder Plot pn
spisek prochowy
failed plot to kill the king of England

Gustav pn
Gustaw
given name

Gustavian adj
gustawiański

Guy /ɡaɪ/ pn
Gwido Wit
male given name

Guy Fawkes Day pn
Noc Guya Fawkesa
celebration

Guy Fawkes Night pn
Noc Guya Fawkesa
celebration

Guyana /ɡaɪˈæn.ə/ /ɡaɪˈɑː.nə/ pn
Gujana
country

Guyanese /ˌɡaɪəˈniːz/ adj
gujański
pertaining to Guyana

Guyanese /ˌɡaɪəˈniːz/ n
Gujanka Gujańczyk
person from Guyana

Guzhangian pn
Paib

Gypsy /ˈd͡ʒɪp.si/ n
Cygan Cyganka
a member of the Romani people or another nomadic group

Gzhelian /ˈʒɛli.ən/ pn
gżel

Görlitz pn
Zgorzelec Görlitz
city in Saxony, Germany

Göttingen pn
Getynga

Gülenist /ˈɡjulənɪst/ n
gulenista
supporter of social movement

HIV /ˌeɪt͡ʃ.aɪˈviː/ n
HIV
human immunodeficiency virus

HIV negative adj
chory na HIV
not having HIV

HIV positive adj
nie chory na HIV
infected by the HIV virus

HTML pn
HTML
initialism

HTTP cookie n
ciasteczko cookie
packet of information

Haapsalu pn
Haapsalu
town

Habakkuk /həˈbæk.ək/ /ˈhæb.ə.kək/ pn
Habakuk Księga Habakuka
male given name
prophet
Księga Habakuka
book of the Bible

Hades /ˈhadiːz/ /ˈheɪdiːz/ pn
Hades
from Greek mythology
the underworld, the domain of Hades

Hadiach pn
Hadziacz
city

Hadrian /ˈheɪ.dɹiː.(j)ən/ pn
Hadrian
the Roman emperor

Hagar /ˈheɪɡɑː/ /ˈheɪɡɑːɹ/ pn
Hagar
mother of Ishmael

Haggai /ˈhæɡaɪ/ pn
Księga Aggeusza
book of The Bible

Hagia Sophia /ˈhɑːɡiə soʊˈfiə/ pn
Hagia Sofia
a former basilica, now a mosque in Turkey

Haifa pn
Hajfa
a city in northern Israel

Hail Mary n
zdrowaśka Zdrowaś Mario
prayer

Hail Mary pass n
stawiać wszystko na jedną kartę
act done in desperation

Hainaut pn
Hainaut
province

Haisyn pn
Hajsyn
city

Haiti /ˈheɪ.ti/ pn
Haiti
a country in the Caribbean

Haitian /ˈheɪ.ʃən/ adj
haitański
pertaining to the country, people, or language

Haitian /ˈheɪ.ʃən/ n
Haitanka Haitańczyk
person from Haiti

Haivoron pn
Hajworon
city

Halloween /ˌha.ləʊˈiːn/ /ˌha.ləˈwiːn/ /ˌhæ.loʊˈiːn/ /ˌhæ.ləˈwiːn/ /ˌhɑ.ləˈwiːn/ pn
Halloween
October 31st

Halych pn
Halicz
a historic city

Ham /hæm/ pn
Cham
a son of Noah and the brother of Japheth and Shem

Hamas /həˈmæs/ /həˈmɑs/ pn
Hamas
Palestinian militant group

Hamburg /ˈhæmbɜːɡ/ /ˈhæmbɝɡ/ pn
Hamburg
city and state of Germany
hamburski
attributive form - relating to Hamburg

Hamburger /ˈhæmbɜːɡə/ /ˈhæmbɝɡɚ/ n
hamburczyk
A person from Hamburg

Hamiltonian cycle n
Hamiltonian
graph theory: a cycle visiting all vertices once

Hamiltonian graph n
graf hamiltonowski
graph for which there is a Hamiltonian cycle

Hamiltonian path n
ścieżka hamiltonowska
path which visits each vertex exactly once

Hamlet /ˈhæm.lət/ /ˈhæm.lɪt/ pn
Hamlet
the main character of the play Hamlet

Hampshire /ˈhæmpʃə(ɹ)/ /ˈhæmpʃɪə(ɹ)/ pn
Hampshire
county in the south of England

Han /hæn/ /hɑn/ pn
Chińczycy Han Han Hanowie
Chinese ethnicity
Han dynastia Han
dynasty

Hanakian adj
hanacki
pertaining to Hanakia

Hanakian n
Hanaczka Hanak
person from Moravia

Hand of Fatima n
ręka Fatimy
symbol

Hangeul /ˈhɑnˌɡul/ n
hangul hangyl hangeul
Korean phonetic script

Hannah /ˈhænə/ pn
Hanna
female given name

Hanoi /hæˈnɔɪ/ /hɑːˈnɔɪ/ pn
Hanoi
capital of Vietnam

Hanover /ˈhænəvə/ /ˈhænˌoʊvɚ/ pn
Hanower
German city

Hansard /ˈhænsɑːd/ /ˈhænsəd/ /ˈhænsɚd/ n
Hansard
official report of debates and other proceedings in the British and some Commonwealth parliaments

Hanse /hæns/ /hænzə/ n
hanza
merchant guild

Hanseatic adj
hanzeatycki
of or pertaining to the German Hanse

Hanseatic League pn
Hanza Liga Hanzeatycka
former commercial and military alliance

Hansel pn
Jaś
fictional character in Hansel and Gretel

Hansel and Gretel pn
Jaś i Małgosia
the fairy tale

Hantsavichy pn
Hancewicze

Hanukkah /ˈhæn.ə.kə/ /ˈhɑː.nə.kə/ /ˈhʌ.nʊ.kə/ /ˈxɑː.nə.kə/ pn
Chanuka Święto Świateł Święto Świec
the Jewish festival

Happy Ramadan phraseologicalUnit
szczęśliwego Ramadnu
An expression used during Ramadan

Harare pn
Harare
capital of Zimbabwe

Haratin n
Haratyni
a member of a certain North African people

Hari pn
Hari
a Hindu god

Hartley County pn
Hrabstwo Hartley
county

Hartley oscillator n
Generator Hartleya

Harvey process pn
proces Harveya

Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan pn
Jordańskie Królestwo Haszymidzkie
Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan

Hasid n
chasyd
a member of a Hasidic movement

Hasidic adj
chasydzki
of Hasidic Judaism

Hasidism pn
chasydyzm
Jewish movement

Haskell /ˈhæskəl/ pn
Haskell
language

Hasmonean /hæzməˈniːən/ /æzməˈniːən/ adj
hasmonejski
Of or pertaining to the family to which the Maccabees belonged

Hasmonean /hæzməˈniːən/ /æzməˈniːən/ n
Hasmoneusz
Any member of the family to which the Maccabees belonged

Hausa /ˈhaʊsə/ n
Hausa
people

Hausa /ˈhaʊsə/ pn
hausa Hausa
language

Hausdorff space n
przestrzeń Hausdorffa

Havana /həˈvænə/ pn
Hawana
capital city of Cuba

Havanan adj
hawański
of or relating to Havana

Havel pn
Hawela
the river

Havířov pn
Hawierzów
a city in the Czech Republic

Hawaii /həˈvaɪʔi/ /həˈvɑːʔi/ /həˈwaɪ(j)i/ /həˈwaɪ.i/ /həˈwɑ(j)i/ /həˈwɔ(j)i/ [hʊ̈ˈwaɪ̯(j)i] [hʊ̈ˈwɑ(j)i] [hʊ̈ˈwɔ(j)i] pn
Hawaje
state of the United States
chain of islands
largest of the Hawaiian Islands

Hawaiian /hə.ˈwaɪ.jən/ /hə.ˈwaɪ.ən/ adj
hawajski
of or having to do with the Hawaiian race, culture, or language
descended from the peoples inhabiting the Hawaiian islands prior to European contact
of or having to do with a resident of the US state of Hawaii
of or having to do with the culture of the US state of Hawaii

Hawaiian /hə.ˈwaɪ.jən/ /hə.ˈwaɪ.ən/ n
Hawajczyk Hawajka
a descendant of the peoples inhabiting the Hawaiian Islands prior to European contact
a resident of the US state of Hawaii

Hawaiian /hə.ˈwaɪ.jən/ /hə.ˈwaɪ.ən/ pn
hawajski język hawajski
Hawaiian language

Hazara adj
Hazar Hazarka
person

Headless Horseman pn
Jeździec bez głowy
mythical figure

Hebe /ˈhiːbi/ pn
Hebe
goddess of youth

Hebraist n
hebraista hebraistka
a scholar who specializes in the study of the Hebrew language

Hebraization n
hebraizacja

Hebrew /ˈhiːbɹuː/ adj
hebrajski
pertaining to the people
pertaining to the language

Hebrew /ˈhiːbɹuː/ n
Hebrajczyk Hebrajka
person
hebrajski hebrajska
language

Hebrews pn
List do Hebrajczyków
book of the Bible

Hecate /ˈhɛkəti/ /ˈhɛkɪt/ pn
Hekate Hekata
Greek goddess

Hector /ˈhɛktə/ /ˈhɛktɚ/ pn
Hektor
Trojan hero
male given name

Hedwig pn
Jadwiga
female given name

Hegel /ˈheɪɡəl/ pn
Hegel
surname

Hegelian /heɪˈɡeɪlɪən/ /heɪˈɡiːlɪən/ /həˈɡeɪli.ən/ /hɪˈɡiːlɪən/ adj
heglistowski heglowski
of or pertaining to Hegel's ideas

Hegelian /heɪˈɡeɪlɪən/ /heɪˈɡiːlɪən/ /həˈɡeɪli.ən/ /hɪˈɡiːlɪən/ n
heglista heglistka
follower of Hegel's philosophy

Hegelianism n
heglizm
the system of logic and philosophy

Heidelberg /ˈhaɪdəlbɜːɡ/ pn
Heidelberg
city

Hejaz pn
Hidżaz
area

Helen /ˈhɛlən/ pn
Helena
(Greek mythology) the daughter of Zeus and Leda
female given name

Helenus pn
Helenos
the son of King Priam

Helios /ˈhiːliɒs/ pn
Helios
god

Hellene n
Hellen
a Greek

Hellenic /həˈlɛnɪk/ adj
helleński
of or relating to the ancient Greek culture and civilization

Hellenic Republic pn
Republika Grecka
official name of Greece

Hellenist /ˈhɛl.ə.nɪst/ /ˈhɛl.ɪ.nɪst/ n
hellenista hellenistka
specialist in the study of Greek culture or history

Helsinki /hɛlˈsɪŋ.ki/ pn
Helsinki
the capital city of Finland

Helsinkian adj
helsiński
of, from, or pertaining to, Helsinki

Helsinkian n
helsinka helsińczyk
person

Helvetia /hɛlˈviːʃi.ə/ /hɛlˈviːʃə/ pn
Helwecja
Switzerland; the national personification of Switzerland
an ancient Celtic country in central Europe

Helvetian adj
helwecki
from the ancient country of Helvetia

Helvetian n
Helweta Helwetka
someone from ancient country of Helvetia

Hemera /ˈhɛməɹə/ pn
Hemera
personification of the day

Henichesk pn
Geniczesk
city

Henrietta /hɛnˈɹiː.ɛt.ə/ pn
Henryka
feminine form of Henry

Henry /ˈhɛn.ɹi/ pn
Henryk
given name

Hephaestus /hɪˈfiːstəs/ /hɪˈfɛstəs, -eɪstəs/ pn
Hefajstos
Greek god

Her Majesty pronoun
Jej Królewska Mość
title of respect when referring to a queen

Hera /ˈhɪəɹə/ /ˈhɪɹə/ /ˈhɪːɹə/ pn
Hera
queen of the gods, wife of Zeus

Heracles /ˈhɛɹəkliːz/ pn
Herakles
the son of Zeus

Heraclitus /he(ɪ).ɹɑ(ː)ˈkli(ː).tus/ /hɛɹ.əˈkli(ː).təs/ /ˌhɛɹ.əˈklaɪ.təs/ pn
Heraklit
given name

Herat pn
Herat
city in Afghanistan
province of Afghanistan

Herbert /ˈhɜːbət/ /ˈhɝbɚt/ pn
Herbert
male given name

Herculean /hɜːɹˈkjuːliən/ /ˌhɜːɹkjəˈliːən/ adj
benedyktyński
requiring a huge amount of work

Hercules /ˈhɜːkjəliːz/ /ˈhɜːkjʊliːz/ /ˈhɝːkjəliːz/ /ˈhɝːkjʊliːz/ pn
Herkules
constellation
The Roman name of Heracles

Hermaphroditus /hɚˌmæf.ɹəˈdaɪ.təs/ pn
Hermafrodyta
Greek god

Hermes /ˈhɝmiːz/ pn
Hermes
Greek god Hermes

Hermitian /hɜː(ɹ)ˈmɪʃən/ adj
hermitowski
equal to its transpose conjugate

Hermitian matrix /hɝ.ˈmɪ.ʃən ˈmeɪ.tɹɪks/ n
macierz hermitowska
square matrix equal to its own conjugate transpose

Herod /ˈhɛɹəd/ pn
Herod
king

Herodotus /həˈɹɑːdətəs/ /həˈɹɒdətəs/ pn
Herodot
ancient historian

Herostratus pn
Herostrates
ancient arsonist

Hertsa pn
Herca
city

Hertzsprung-Russell diagram n
diagram Hertzsprunga-Russella
plot of the absolute magnitude of stars

Herzeg-Bosnia pn
Herceg-Bośnia
country on the Balkan peninsula

Herzeg-Bosnian adj
hercegbośniacki
of or pertaining to Bosnia

Herzegovina /ˌhɜɹtsəɡoʊˈviːnə/ /ˌhɜːtsəˈɡɒvɪnə/ pn
Hercegowina
Southern wedge of the country of Bosnia and Herzegovina

Herzegovinian adj
hercegowiński
of, from, or pertaining to Herzegovina and its inhabitants

Herzegovinian n
Hercegowinka Hercegowińczyk
a person from Herzegovina

Hesiod /ˈhiː.si.əd/ /ˈhɛs.i.əd/ pn
Hezjod
Greek poet

Hesse pn
Hesja
state

Hessian /ˈhɛsɪən/ /ˈhɛsɪɛn/ /ˈhɛʃən/ adj
heski
pertaining to Hesse

Hestia /ˈhɛsti.ə/ pn
Hestia
Greek goddess

Hettangian pn
hettang
age/stage of the Jurassic period/system

Hezbollah /-bɒ-/ /ˈhɛz.bə.lə/ /ˌhɛz.bəˈlɑ/ /ˌhɛzˈboʊ.lɑ/ pn
Hezbollah
Lebanese Shia islamic organisation

Hierocles /ˈhaɪəɹəkliːz/ pn
Hierokles
An Ancient Greek-derived male given name

Hieronymus pn
Hieronim
male given name

Higgs boson n
bozon Higgs'a
elementary particle

Highness n
wysokość
form of address

Highway Code pn
kodeks drogowy
road manual

Hiiumaa pn
Hiuma
island of Estonia

Hijra /ˈhɪd͡ʒɹə/ n
hidżra hedżra
Muhammad's departure from Mecca

Hilary /ˈhɪləɹi/ pn
Hilaria
female given name
Hilary
male given name

Hilbert cube n
kostka Hilberta
topological space

Hilda /ˈhɪldə/ pn
Hilda
female given name

Himalayan adj
himalajski
of or relating to the Himalayas

Himalayan black-lored tit n
sýkora chocholatá
Machlolophus xanthogenys

Himalayas /hɪˈmɑl.ə.jəz/ /ɦɪ.ˈmaː.lə.jəz/ /ˌhɪm.əˈleɪ.əz/ pn
Himalaje
a mountain range of south-central Asia

Hindi /ˈhɪndi/ pn
hindi Hindi
language

Hindu /ˈhɪnduː/ adj
hinduistyczny hinduski
of or relating to Hinduism

Hindu /ˈhɪnduː/ n
hinduista hinduistka hindus hinduska
religious adherent

Hindu Kush pn
Hindukusz
mountain range

Hinduism /ˈhɪnduɪzəm/ pn
hinduizm
religion

Hindustan pn
Hindustan
alternative name for India
northern region of India

Hindustani pn
hindustani
language

Hippocrates /hɪˈpɒkɹəˌtiːz/ pn
Hipokrates
an Ancient Greek male given name

Hippocratic oath n
przysięga Hipokratesa
oath sworn by newly-qualified physicians

Hirnantian pn
Hirnant

Hirnyk pn
Hirnyk
city

Hiroshima /hɪ(ə)ɹəˈʃiːmə/ /hɪ(ə)ˈɹɒʃɪmə/ /hɪɹoʊˈʃiːmə/ /hɪˈɹoʊʃɪmə/ pn
Hiroshima Hirosima Hiroszima
a city in Honshu, Japan

Hirske pn
Hirśke
city

His Eminence n
eminencja
honorific title

His Holiness n
jego świątobliwość
honorific title

His Majesty pronoun
Jego Królewska Mość
title of respect used when referring to a king

Hispanic America pn
Hispanoameryka
parts of the Americas which speak Spanish

Hispaniolan crossbill n
krzyżodziób karaibski
Loxia megaplaga

Hispanophone adj
hiszpańskojęzyczny
Spanish-speaking

Hitler /ˈhɪtlɚ/ pn
Hitler
Adolf Hitler

Hitler's buzzsaw n
karabin maszynowy MG 42
slang: MG 42

Hitlerian adj
hitlerowski
related to Adolf Hitler

Hitlerism n
hitleryzm
political philosophy of Hitler

Hitlerite n
hitlerowiec hitlerówka
a supporter of Adolf Hitler's regime

Hittite /ˈhɪ.taɪt/ adj
hetycki
of or relating to the Hittite people, language or kingdom

Hittite /ˈhɪ.taɪt/ n
Chetyta Chittyta Hetyta
person

Hittite /ˈhɪ.taɪt/ pn
hetycki
language

Hittitologist n
hetytolog
a person specialised in Hittitology

Hittitology n
hetytologia
the study of Hittites and their language and culture

Hlobyne pn
Hłobyne
city

Hlukhiv pn
Głuchów
city

Hlyniany pn
Gliniany
city

Hmong /h(ə)ˈmɑŋ/ /h(ə)ˈmɒŋ/ /h(ə)ˈmɔŋ/ /ˈmɑŋ/ /ˈmɒŋ/ /ˈmɔŋ/ /ˈmʌŋ/ n
Hmong Miao
people

Hnivan pn
Gniewań Hniewań Hniwań
city

Ho Chi Minh City /ˌhəʊ tʃiː ˌmɪn ˈsɪti/ pn
Ho Chi Minh Sajgon
largest city of Vietnam

Hogwarts /ˈhɒɡ.wɔːts/ /ˈhɒɡ.wəts/ /ˈhɔɡ.wɔɹts/ /ˈhɔɡ.wɚts/ pn
Hogwart
fictional school for learning magic

Hokkaido /hɒˈkaɪdəʊ/ /həˈkaɪdəʊ/ pn
Hokkaido
a northern largest island of Japan, or a prefecture based in itself

Hola Prystan pn
Hoła Prystań
city

Holland /ˈhɑlənd/ /ˈhɒlənd/ pn
Holandia
region of the Netherlands

Hollywood /ˈhɒl.i.wʊd/ [ˈhɑɫ.i.wʊd] [ˈhɒɫ.i.wʊd] pn
Hollywood
area of Los Angeles
the American motion picture industry

Holocaust /ˈhɑləkɑst/ /ˈhɑləkɔst/ /ˈhɒləkɔːst/ pn
Holocaust Holokaust
the mass murder of 11–14 million people by Nazi Germany
the mass murder of six million Jews by Nazi Germany

Holocene /ˈhɒl.əˌsiːn/ adj
aluwialny holoceński
relating to the epoch from about 11,000 years ago to the present

Holocene /ˈhɒl.əˌsiːn/ pn
holocen aluwium
The Holocene epoch

Holodomor /ˌhɒlədəˈmɔː(ɹ)/ pn
Wielki Głód Hołodomor
1932–33 famine in Ukraine

Holofernes /hɑːləˈfɝːniːz/ /hɒləˈfɜːniːz/ pn
Holofernes
character in the Book of Judith

Holovanivsk pn
Hołowaniwsk
city

Holstein pn
Holsztyn
region

Holubivka pn
Hołubiwka
city

Holy Communion pn
eucharystia komunia
Christian sacrament

Holy Family pn
Święta Rodzina
Jesus Christ, the Virgin Mary, and Joseph

Holy Grail pn
Graal Święty Graal
artifact in Christian mythology

Holy Land pn
Ziemia Święta
that part of Asia in which most Biblical events are set

Holy Roman Empire pn
Święte Cesarstwo Rzymskie Narodu Niemieckiego
state

Holy Saturday n
Wielka Sobota
the Saturday immediately after Good Friday

Holy See /ˌhəʊli ˈsiː/ pn
Stolica Apostolska Stolica Święta
episcopal see of the Catholic Church

Holy Sepulchre pn
Boży Grób

Holy Spirit pn
Duch Święty Duch Boży
Christian: person of the Holy Trinity

Holy Trinity pn
Trójca Święta
the three persons of the Godhead

Holy Wednesday n
Wielka Środa
day

Holy Week pn
Wielki Tydzień
week preceding Easter

Homburg hat n
homburg
a stiff felt hat similar to a fedora

Home Army pn
Armia Krajowa
Polish resistance movement

Honda pn
Honda
automotive manufacturer

Honduran adj
honduraski
Pertaining to Honduras

Honduran n
Honduranin Honduranka
Person from Honduras

Honduras /hɑnˈdjʊɹ.əs/ /hɑnˈdʊɹ.əs/ /hɒnˈdjʊə.ɹəs/ pn
Honduras
a country in Central America

Hong Kong /ˌhɑŋˈkɑŋ/ /ˌhɒŋˈkɒŋ/ /ˌhɔŋˈkɔŋ/ [hɔŋ˥ kʰɔŋ˥] pn
Hongkong
coastal administrative region in south-east China

Hongkongese adj
hongkoński
relating to Hong Kong

Hongkongese n
Hongkonka Hongkończyk
Hongkongese

Honiara /ˌhəʊnɪˈɑːɹə/ pn
Honiara
the capital of the Solomon Islands

Honolulu /ˌhoʊ.nəˈluː.luː/ /ˌhɒn.əˈluː.luː/ pn
Honolulu
the capital of Hawaii

Honorius pn
Honoriusz
male given name

Hope /ˈhoʊp/ /ˈhəʊp/ pn
Nadzieja Nadia
female given name

Hopi /ˈhoʊ.pi/ /ˈhəʊ.pi/ n
Hopi
tribe

Hopi /ˈhoʊ.pi/ /ˈhəʊ.pi/ pn
hopi
Hopi language

Horace /ˈhɒrɪs/ /ˈhɒɹəs/ /ˈhɔɹəs/ pn
Horacy
male given name
poet

Horishni Plavni pn
Horiszni Pławni
city

Horki pn
Horki
town in Belarus

Horlivka pn
Gorłówka
city

Horn of Africa pn
Półwysep Somalijski Róg Afryki
peninsula in East Africa

Horodenka pn
Horodence Horodenka
city

Horodnia pn
Horodnia
city in Ukraine

Horodok pn
Gródek
city

Horodyshche pn
Horodyszcze
city

Horokhiv pn
Horochów
city

Horologium pn
Zegar
constellation

Hortense pn
Hortensja
female given name

Horus [hɔːɹəs] pn
Horus
ancient Egyptian god

Hosea /hoʊˈzeɪə/ /ˌhoʊˈziːə/ pn
Księga Ozeasza Ozeasz
book of the Bible
Ozeasz
prophet

Hostomel pn
Hostomel
city

House of Commons pn
Izba Gmin
lower house in UK or Canadian parliament

House of Lords pn
Izba Lordów
upper chamber of UK parliament

House of Representatives pn
izba reprezentantów
lower house of parliament

Hradec Králové pn
Hradec Králové
city in the Czech republic

Hrebinka pn
Hrebinka
city

Hubble constant pn
prawo Hubble'a
number

Hubert /ˈhjubɚt/ pn
Hubert
male given name

Hudson Bay pn
Zatoka Hudsona
Canadian sea

Hudsonian godwit n
szlamnik amerykanski
Limosa haemastica

Hugh /hjuː/ pn
Hugo Hugon
male given name

Huguenot /ˈhju.ɡə.nɒt/ /ˈhjuː.ɡə.nəʊ/ [ˈɕu.ɡə.nɒt] adj
hugenocki hugonocki
of, like or relating to Huguenotism
of, like or relating to a Huguenot, Huguenots

Huguenot /ˈhju.ɡə.nɒt/ /ˈhjuː.ɡə.nəʊ/ [ˈɕu.ɡə.nɒt] n
hugenot hugenotka hugonot hugonotka
member of the Protestant Reformed Church of France during the 16th and 17th century

Huliaipole pn
Hulajpołe
city

Humboldt penguin n
pingwin peruwiański
Spheniscus humboldti

Humboldt squid n
kałamarnica Humboldta
the squid

Hume's leaf warbler n
świstunka ałtajska
Phylloscopus humei

Hun /hʌn/ n
Hun Hunka
member of nomadic tribe

Hungarian /hʌŋˈɡɛə.ɹi.ən/ adj
węgierski
of, from, or pertaining to Hungary

Hungarian /hʌŋˈɡɛə.ɹi.ən/ n
Węgier Węgierka
person from Hungary
węgierski
the language

Hungarian People's Republic pn
Węgierska Republika Ludowa
anticapitalist country

Hungarian hound n
gończy węgierski
hunting dog

Hungarian notation /hʌŋˈɡɛɹi.ən noʊˈteɪʃən/ n
notacja węgierska
Hungarian notation

Hungarian studies n
filologia węgierska hungarystyka
a field of study concerned with Hungarian language, literature, ethnology, culture, history or society

Hungarianism n
hungaryzm
a word or idiom of the Hungarian language

Hungarianness n
węgierszczyzna
state or quality

Hungary /ˈhʌŋ.ɡəɹ.i/ pn
Węgry
the country

Hunnic /ˈhʌnɪk/ adj
huński
relating to the Huns

Husayn pn
Husajn
Husayn

Hussite n
husyta husytka
follower

Hussitism pn
husytyzm
religious reform movement of the Bohemian Reformation

Hutsul n
Hucuł Hucułka
member of an East Slavic ethnic group spanning parts of western Ukraine and Romania

Hyacinth pn
Hiacynt Jacek Jacenty
male given name
Hiacynta
female given name

Hyades /ˈhaɪ.ədiːz/ pn
Hiady
an open cluster

Hyde Park pn
Hyde Park
name of a park

Hydra /ˈhaɪ̯dɹə/ [ˈhaɪ̯dɹə] [ˈhaɪ̯d͡ʒɹə] pn
Hydra
constellation
one of Pluto's moons
mythical serpent

Hydrus pn
Wąż Wodny Wąż Morski Wąż Wodny Mały
constellation

Hygieia pn
Higieja
Greek goddess of health, hygiene, cleanliness, and sanitation

Hymen pn
Hymen
Greek god of marriage

Hyperborea pn
Hyperborea
The mythical land of sunshine and plenty

Hypnos /ˈhɪpnoʊs/ /ˈhɪpnɒs/ pn
Hypnos
Hypnos, the Greek god of sleep

I /aɪ/ [aɪ̯] [aː] [ɑe̯] pronoun
ja
personal pronoun

I am English phraseologicalUnit
jestem Angielką jestem Anglikiem
I am English

I am HIV positive phraseologicalUnit
jestem nosicielem wirusa HIV
I am HIV positive

I am a doctor phraseologicalUnit
jestem lekarką jestem lekarzem
I am a doctor (a physician)

I beg your pardon phraseologicalUnit
przepraszam pardon wypraszam sobie

I came, I saw, I conquered phraseologicalUnit
przyszedłem, zobaczyłem, zwyciężyłem przyszłam, zobaczyłam, zwyciężyłam
used to indicate a total swift victory

I can't find my ... phraseologicalUnit
nie mogę znaleźć moich ... nie mogę znaleźć mojego ... nie mogę znaleźć mojej ...
I can't find my ...

I can't swim phraseologicalUnit
nie umiem pływać
I can't swim

I could eat a horse phraseologicalUnit
jestem głodny jak wilk zjadłbym konia z kopytami
I am very hungry

I don't care phraseologicalUnit
to mnie nie obchodzi
I don't care

I don't drive phraseologicalUnit
nie kieruję nie prowadzę
I don't drive (a car, a vehicle)

I don't eat beef phraseologicalUnit
nie jem wołowiny
I don't eat beef

I don't eat fish phraseologicalUnit
nie jem ryb
I don't eat fish

I don't eat meat phraseologicalUnit
nie jadam mięsa nie jem mięsa
I don't eat meat

I don't eat pork phraseologicalUnit
nie jem wieprzowiny
I don't eat pork

I don't have all day phraseologicalUnit
nie mam całego dnia
you want someone to do something faster

I don't know [m˦˩˦] [ɑɪ̯ ɾoʊ̯(ʔ)t̚ noʊ̯] [ə˦˩˦] phraseologicalUnit
nie wiem nie znam
I don’t know

I don't speak English phraseologicalUnit
nie mówię po angielsku
I don't speak English (specifically English)
nie mówię po polsku
I don't speak (fill with the name of the current foreign language)

I don't think so /aɪ dəʊnt θɪŋk səʊ/ /aː doʊnt θɪŋk soʊ/ phraseologicalUnit
myślę, że nie
I think that what has been said is untrue
no chyba nie
sarcastic

I don't understand phraseologicalUnit
nie rozumiem
I don't understand

I don't want it phraseologicalUnit
nie chcę tego
I don't want it

I don't want to buy anything phraseologicalUnit
nie chcę kupić nic
I don't want to buy anything

I don't want to talk about it phraseologicalUnit
nie chcę o tym rozmawiać
I don't want to talk about it

I hate you phraseologicalUnit
nienawidzę ciebie nienawidzę cię
expression of intense dislike

I have a cold /aɪ hæv ə koʊld/ phraseologicalUnit
jestem przeziębiona jestem przeziębiony
I have a cold

I have a fever phraseologicalUnit
mam gorączkę
I have a fever

I have a headache phraseologicalUnit
boli mnie głowa
I have a headache

I have a question phraseologicalUnit
mam pytanie
I have a question

I have asthma phraseologicalUnit
mam astmę
I have asthma

I have cancer phraseologicalUnit
mam raka
I have cancer

I have diabetes phraseologicalUnit
mam cukrzycę
I have diabetes

I have high blood pressure phraseologicalUnit
mam nadciśnienie mam wysokie ciśnienie
I have high blood pressure

I have low blood pressure phraseologicalUnit
mam niskie ciśnienie
I have low blood pressure

I have no money phraseologicalUnit
nie mam pieniędzy
I have no money

I kid you not phraseologicalUnit
nie żartuję

I know phraseologicalUnit
wiem znam
response indicating agreement with prior statement before it was made

I know you are but what am I phraseologicalUnit
chyba ty
assertion that an insult made by the party to whom the phrase is directed is actually true of that party

I like you phraseologicalUnit
lubię cię podobasz mi się
I like you

I live in Melbourne phraseologicalUnit
mieszkam w Melbourne
I live in Melbourne (example city)

I lost my backpack phraseologicalUnit
zgubiłam plecak zgubiłem plecak
I lost my backpack

I lost my glasses phraseologicalUnit
zgubiłam okulary zgubiłem okulary
I lost my glasses

I lost my handbag phraseologicalUnit
zgubiłam torebkę
I lost my handbag

I lost my keys phraseologicalUnit
zgubiłam klucze zgubiłem klucze
I lost my keys

I lost my wallet phraseologicalUnit
zgubiłam portfel zgubiłem portfel
I lost my wallet

I love you /aɪ ˈlʌv juː/ phraseologicalUnit
kocham cię
affirmation of affection or deep caring
affirmation of romantic feeling
platonic expression of inclination or liking

I mean particle
cóż no wiesz to znaczy
delaying filler
no wiesz
mild intensifier
no wiesz to znaczy znaczy się
indicating approximation or uncertainty

I miss you phraseologicalUnit
brakuje mi ciebie tęsknię za tobą
I miss you

I must go phraseologicalUnit
muszę iść
I must go

I need ... phraseologicalUnit
potrzebuję
I need ... (something)

I need a guide phraseologicalUnit
potrzebuję przewodnika
I need a guide (a person who guides)

I need to vomit /aɪ nid tu ˈvɑmit/ phraseologicalUnit
muszę wymiotować
I need to vomit

I rest my case phraseologicalUnit
to by było na tyle
the previous encapsulates my view
to koniec sprawy
my argument is proven

I see phraseologicalUnit
rozumiem

I tell a lie phraseologicalUnit
pomyliłem się
I am mistaken

I think so phraseologicalUnit
myślę że tak
I think so

I think therefore I am phraseologicalUnit
myślę, więc jestem
philosophical proof of existence

I told you phraseologicalUnit
mówiłem ci
I told you

I told you so phraseologicalUnit
a nie mówiłem
told you so!

I want my money back phraseologicalUnit
chcę zwrot pieniędzy
words to request a refund

I want to go to the toilet phraseologicalUnit
muszę korzystać z łazienki
I want to go to the toilet

I want to know phraseologicalUnit
chcę wiedzieć chcę znać
I want to know

I was born in ... phraseologicalUnit
urodziłam się w ... roku urodziłem się w ... roku
I was born in ... (year)
urodziłam się w ... urodziłem się w ...
I was born in ... (place name)

I wish phraseologicalUnit
gdyby tylko jeśli by jeśliby o ile
I would very much like that to be so

I'd like to kiss you phraseologicalUnit
chciałbym ciebie pocałować
I'd like to kiss you

I'd like to know phraseologicalUnit
chciałabym wiedzieć chciałabym znać chciałbym wiedzieć chciałbym znać
phrase

I'll call the police phraseologicalUnit
zadzwonię na policję zadzwonię po policję
I'll call the police

I'll say phraseologicalUnit
mało powiedziane nie powiem
emphatic agreement

I'm ... year(s) old phraseologicalUnit
mam ... lat mam ... lata mam 1 rok
I am ... year(s) old

I'm American phraseologicalUnit
Jestem Amerykaninem Jestem Amerykanka
I'm American

I'm British phraseologicalUnit
Jestem jestem Brytyjczyka jestem Brytyjczykiem
I'm British

I'm Canadian phraseologicalUnit
Jestem Kanadyjczykiem Jestem Kanadyjką
I'm Canadian

I'm Hindu phraseologicalUnit
jestem Hindusem jestem Hinduską
indicates that the speaker is Hindu

I'm Jewish phraseologicalUnit
jestem Żydem jestem Żydówką
I'm Jewish (ethnic)
I'm Jewish (religious)

I'm a Buddhist phraseologicalUnit
jestem buddystką jestem buddystą
I'm a Buddhist

I'm a Catholic phraseologicalUnit
jestem katoliczką jestem katolikiem
I'm a Catholic

I'm a Christian phraseologicalUnit
jestem chrześcijaninem jestem chrześcijanką
I'm a Christian

I'm a Muslim phraseologicalUnit
jestem muzułmaninem jestem muzułmanką
I'm a Muslim

I'm a Protestant phraseologicalUnit
jestem protestantem jestem protestantką
I'm a Protestant

I'm a girl phraseologicalUnit
jestem dziewczyną jestem kobietą
I'm a girl

I'm a guy phraseologicalUnit
jestem chłopakiem
I'm a guy

I'm a vegan phraseologicalUnit
jestem weganinem jestem weganką
I'm vegan

I'm a vegetarian phraseologicalUnit
jestem wegetarianinem jestem wegetarianką
I'm a vegetarian

I'm afraid not phraseologicalUnit
niestety, nie obawiam się, że nie
unfortunately, no

I'm afraid so phraseologicalUnit
niestety, tak obawiam się, że tak
unfortunately, yes

I'm allergic to aspirin phraseologicalUnit
mam alergię na aspirynę
I'm allergic to aspirin

I'm allergic to nuts phraseologicalUnit
mam uczulenie na orzechy
I'm allergic to nuts

I'm allergic to penicillin phraseologicalUnit
mam alergię na penicylinę
I'm allergic to penicillin

I'm an atheist phraseologicalUnit
jestem ateistką jestem ateistą
I'm an atheist

I'm ashamed phraseologicalUnit
wstydzę się
I'm ashamed

I'm bleeding phraseologicalUnit
krwawię
I'm bleeding

I'm blind /aɪm ˈblaɪnd/ phraseologicalUnit
jestem ślepa jestem ślepy
I'm blind

I'm busy phraseologicalUnit
jestem zajęta jestem zajęty
I'm busy

I'm cold phraseologicalUnit
jest mi zimno mnie jest zimno
I'm cold

I'm confused phraseologicalUnit
jestem zagubiona jestem zagubiony jestem zdezorientowana jestem zdezorientowany jestem zmieszana jestem zmieszany
I am confused

I'm deaf /aɪm ˈdɛf/ phraseologicalUnit
jestem głucha jestem głuchy
I'm deaf

I'm dying phraseologicalUnit
umieram
I'm dying

I'm embarrassed phraseologicalUnit
jestem zażenowana jestem zażenowany wstyd mi
I'm embarrassed

I'm fine phraseologicalUnit
mam się dobrze
response

I'm fine, thank you phraseologicalUnit
dziękuję, dobrze
expected, polite response to How are you?

I'm full phraseologicalUnit
najadłam się najadłem się
I'm full

I'm gay phraseologicalUnit
jestem gejem jestem homoseksualistką jestem homoseksualistą jestem lesbijką
I'm gay

I'm good phraseologicalUnit
nie, dziękuję
no, thank you

I'm hot phraseologicalUnit
gorąco mi
I'm hot

I'm hungry phraseologicalUnit
chce mi się jeść jestem głodna jestem głodny
I'm hungry

I'm in love with you phraseologicalUnit
jestem w tobie zakochana jestem w tobie zakochany
declaration of romantic feeling

I'm looking for a grocery store phraseologicalUnit
szukam sklepu spożywczego
I'm looking for a grocery store

I'm looking for a job phraseologicalUnit
szukam pracy
I'm looking for a job

I'm lost phraseologicalUnit
zabłądziłem zgubiłam się zgubiłem się
indicates that the speaker is unable to find his or her way

I'm married phraseologicalUnit
jestem mężatką jestem żonaty
I'm married

I'm mute /aɪm ˈmjuːt/ phraseologicalUnit
jestem niema jestem niemy
I'm mute

I'm not interested phraseologicalUnit
nie jestem zainteresowana nie jestem zainteresowany
I'm not interested

I'm not religious phraseologicalUnit
nie jestem religijna nie jestem religijny nie jestem wierząca nie jestem wierzący
I'm not religious

I'm pregnant phraseologicalUnit
jestem ciężarna jestem w ciąży
I'm pregnant

I'm scared phraseologicalUnit
boję się jestem przestraszona jestem przestraszony
I'm scared

I'm sick phraseologicalUnit
choruję jestem chora jestem chory
I'm sick/ill

I'm single phraseologicalUnit
jestem niezamężna jestem nieżonaty jestem singielką jestem singlem
I'm single

I'm sorry phraseologicalUnit
przepraszam
I'm sorry, I apologize
przykro mi żałuję
I'm sorry, I feel bad

I'm straight phraseologicalUnit
jestem heteroseksualna jestem heteroseksualny
I'm straight

I'm thirsty phraseologicalUnit
jestem spragniona jestem spragniony pić mi się chce
I need a drink

I'm tired phraseologicalUnit
jestem zmęczona jestem zmęczony
I am tired (in need of rest or sleep)

I'm twenty years old phraseologicalUnit
mam dwadzieścia lat
I am twenty years old

I'm worried phraseologicalUnit
martwię się
Indicates that the speaker is worried

I've been raped phraseologicalUnit
zostałam zgwałcona zostałem zgwałcony
I've been raped

I've been robbed phraseologicalUnit
obrabowano mnie zostałam obrabowana zostałem obrabowany
I've been robbed

I've been shot phraseologicalUnit
zostałam postrzelona zostałem postrzelony
I've been shot

I've burned myself phraseologicalUnit
poparzyłam się poparzyłem się
I've burned myself

I-beam n
dwuteownik
I-shaped beam

I/O n
I/O
computing: input/output

IBM /ˈˌʌɪbiːˈɛm/ pn
IBM
International Business Machines

ICCL phraseologicalUnit
mam gdzieś
abbreviation used to express an uncaring opinion towards a subject

ICU n
OIT OITM
intensive care unit

IDK phraseologicalUnit
nwm

IE pn
ie.
Indo-European

IKEA /aɪˈkiːə/ /i-/ /ɪˈkeɪ.ə/ /ɪˈki.a/ /ˈaɪˌki.ə/ pn
IKEA
international, originally Swedish retailer

IMF pn
MFW
International Monetary Fund

IMO pn
Międzynarodowa Organizacja Morska
International Maritime Organization

IOC pn
MKOl
initialism of International Olympic Committee

IOU n
kwit dłużny skrypt dłużny
informal promissory note that is not a negotiable instrument

IPA /ˌaɪ.piːˈeɪ/ [ˌaɪ.pʰiːˈeɪ] pn
IPA MAF
International Phonetic Alphabet

IQ /ˌaɪ ˈkjuː/ n
IQ
abbreviation of intelligence quotient

ISS pn
MSK
International Space Station

Iași pn
Jassy
city in Romania

Iberian adj
iberyjski
Native to Iberia

Iberian Peninsula pn
Półwysep Iberyjski Półwysep Pirenejski
peninsula

Iberian chiffchaff n
świstunka iberyjska
Phylloscopus ibericus

Ibiza /aɪˈbiːθə/ /iˈbiːsə/ /ɪˈbiːsə/ /ɪˈbiːzə/ /ɪˈbiːθə/ pn
Ibiza
island

Icarus /ˈɪkəɹəs/ pn
Ikar

Iceland /ˈaɪs.lənd/ pn
Islandia
country in Europe

Iceland gull n
mewa polarna
Larus glaucoides

Icelandic /aɪsˈlændɪk/ adj
islandzki
of or relating to Iceland

Icelandic /aɪsˈlændɪk/ pn
islandzki
language

Icelandic Sheepdog n
pasterski islandzki
Icelandic Sheepdog

Ichkeria pn
Iczkeria

Ichnia pn
Icznia

Ida /ˈaɪdə/ pn
Ida
female given name

Idaho /ˈaɪdəhəʊ/ /ˈaɪdəˌhoʊ/ pn
Idaho
state of the United States

Ido /ˈidoʊ/ pn
ido
artificial language reformed from Esperanto

Idumaea pn
Idumea
region south of Judea inhabited by the Edomites

Ignatius /ɪɡˈneɪʃəs/ pn
Ignacy
male given name

Igor /ˈaɪɡɔːɹ/ /ˈiːɡɔːɹ/ pn
Igor
male given name

Ijekavian pn
ijekawski jekawski
Ijekavian dialect(s)

Ikavian pn
ikawski
dialect or a group of dialects

Il Duce /il ˈdutʃeɪ/ /iːl ˈduːtʃeɪ/ pn
duce
title assumed by Mussolini

Illinois /ˌɪləˈnɔɪ/ /ˌɪləˈnɔɪz/ pn
Illinois
a state of the United States of America

Illintsi pn
Ilińce Lińce
city

Illyria pn
Iliria
region in the Balkan Peninsula

Ilovaisk pn
Iłowajśk
city

Immaculate Conception pn
Niepokalane Poczęcie
doctrine
feast

Inca /ˈɪŋkə/ n
Inka
member of the group of Quechuan peoples

Incarnation pn
Wcielenie
doctrine that the second person of the Trinity assumed human form in the person of Jesus Christ and is fully divine and fully human

India /ˈɪn.di.ə/ /ˈɪn.dɪə/ /ˈɪn.dɪə̯/ /ˈɪɳ.ɖɪ.jaː/ pn
Indie
the country

Indian /ˈɪn.di.ən/ /ˈɪn.dɪ.ən/ /ˈɪɳ.ɖɪə̯n/ adj
indiański
of, or related to, the aboriginal people of the Americas
indyjski hinduski
of or pertaining to India

Indian /ˈɪn.di.ən/ /ˈɪn.dɪ.ən/ /ˈɪɳ.ɖɪə̯n/ n
Hindus Hinduska
a person from India
Indianin Indianka
individual of, or related to, the aboriginal people of the Americas

Indian English n
indyjska odmiana języka angielskiego
Indian dialect of English

Indian Ocean pn
Ocean Indyjski
the ocean separating Africa, southern Asia, Australia and Antarctica

Indian black-lored tit n
sikora indyjska
Machlolophus aplonotus

Indian myna n
majna brunatna

Indian style adv
po turecku
cross-legged

Indian summer /ˈɪn.di.ən ˈsʌ.mɚ/ /ˈɪn.dɪ.ən ˈsʌ.mə(ɹ)/ n
babie lato złota jesień
stretch of warm days in autumn
pogodna jesień życia
late autumn of life; late flowering of activity before old age

Indian sunburn n
pokrzywka
prank

Indiana /ˌɪndiˈænə/ pn
Indiana
US state

Indianapolis /ɪndiəˈnæpəlɪs/ pn
Indianapolis
capital of the State of Indiana, USA

Indo-European /ˌɪndəʊˌjʊəɹəˈpiːən/ adj
indoeuropejski
of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia

Indo-European /ˌɪndəʊˌjʊəɹəˈpiːən/ n
Indoeuropejczyk
member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group

Indo-European studies n
indoeuropeistyka
academic study of the Indo-European languages in relation to Proto-Indo-European, and sometimes of related humanities

Indo-Europeanist n
indoeuropeista indoeuropeistka
person specialised in Indo-European studies

Indochina /ˈɪndoʊ̯ˌt͡ʃaɪ̯nə/ /ˌɪndoʊ̯ˈt͡ʃaɪ̯nə/ pn
Indochiny
part of Southeast Asia

Indonesia /-doʊ-/ /-zi.ə/ /ˌɪndə(ʊ)ˈniːʒə/ /ˌɪndəˈniʒə/ pn
Indonezja
country

Indonesian /ˌɪndəˈniːʒən/ adj
indonezyjski
referring to Indonesia

Indonesian /ˌɪndəˈniːʒən/ n
Indonezyjczyk Indonezyjka
person
indonezyjski
language

Induan pn
ind

Indus /ˈɪndəs/ pn
Indus
the river
Indianin
constellation

Industrial Revolution pn
rewolucja przemysłowa
major technological change in the late 18th and early 19th century

Ingushetia /ɪŋɡʊˈʃɛtiə/ pn
Inguszetia
federal subject of Russia

Inkerman pn
Inkerman
city

Inner Mongolia pn
Mongolia Wewnętrzna
autonomous region in northern China

Inquisition pn
inkwizycja
harsh or rigorous interrogation
tribunal of the Roman Catholic Church

Instagram /ˈɪnstəɡɹæm/ pn
Instagram
online photo-sharing service

Interlaken pn
Interlaken
town in Switzerland

Interlingua /ˈɪntə(ɹ)ˌlɪŋɡwə/ pn
interlingua
interlanguage based on Romance languages

International Court of Justice pn
Międzynarodowy Trybunał Sprawiedliwości
UN court

International Phonetic Alphabet /ˌɪntəˈnæʃ(ə)nəl fəˈnɛtɪk ˈælfəˌbɛt/ /ˌɪntɚˈnæʃ(ə)n(ə)l fəˈnɛɾɪk ˈælfəˌbɛt/ [ˌɪntəˈnæʃ(ə)nəɫ fəˈnɛtɪk ˈæɫfəˌbɛt] [ˌɪntɚˈnæʃ(ə)n(ə)ɫ fəˈnɛɾɪk ˈæɫfəˌbɛt] [ˌɪɾ̃ɚ-] pn
międzynarodowy alfabet fonetyczny
standardized symbols for speech

Internationale /ˌɪn.tɚˈnæˌʃən.əl/ /ˌɪn.tɚˌnæ.ʃənˈæl/ /ˌɪn.tɚˌnæ.ʃənˈɑl.eɪ/ pn
Międzynarodówka
proletarian song

Internet /ˈɪntəˌnɛt/ /ˈɪntɚˌnɛt/ [ˈɪɾ̃ɚˌnɛt] pn
Internet Sieć międzysieć
specific internet consisting of the global network of computers

Internet address n
adres internetowy
Any address used to identify a place or resource on the Internet

Internet cafe n
kawiarenka (internetowa)
place where one can use a computer with Internet

Internet forum n
forum internetowe
system for messages

Interslavic /ˌɪntɚˈslɑːvɪk/ adj
międzysłowiański
between Slavs or Slavic nations

Interslavic /ˌɪntɚˈslɑːvɪk/ pn
międzysłowiański
auxiliary Slavic language

Inuit /ˈɪnjuːɪt/ /ˈɪnʊɪt/ adj
inuicki
of or pertaining to Inuit people, language, or culture

Inuit /ˈɪnjuːɪt/ /ˈɪnʊɪt/ n
Inuita Inuitka
the people

Inuit /ˈɪnjuːɪt/ /ˈɪnʊɪt/ pn
inuicki
the language

Inuktitut /ɪˈnʊktɪtʊt/ pn
eskimoski inuktitut
language

Ioannina /jɔˈɑninɑ/ pn
Janina
capital of Epirus

Ionian /aɪˈəʊniən/ adj
joński
Ionic, of Ionia

Ionian Sea /aɪˈəʊ.ni.ən ˈsiː/ pn
Morze Jońskie
European sea

Iowa /ˈaɪəweɪ/ /ˈaɪəwə/ pn
Iowa
A state in Midwestern US

Iphigenia /ˌɪfɪd͡ʒɪˈnaɪə/ /ˌɪfɪˈd͡ʒiːnɪə/ pn
Ifigenia
Greek mythological figure

Iraklion pn
Heraklion
The capital city of Crete

Iran /aɪˈɹæn/ /ɪˈɹæn/ /ɪˈɹɑːn/ pn
Iran
country in Western Asia

Iranian /aɪˈɹeɪni.ən/ /iˈɹɑːni.ən/ /ɪˈɹeɪni.ən/ /ɪˈɹɑːni.ən/ adj
irański
pertaining to the Iranian languages or the Iranian peoples

Iranian /aɪˈɹeɪni.ən/ /iˈɹɑːni.ən/ /ɪˈɹeɪni.ən/ /ɪˈɹɑːni.ən/ n
Irańczyk Iranka
person from Iran or of Iranian descent

Iranian Plateau pn
Wyżyna Irańska
plateau in Asia

Iraq /aɪˈɹæk/ /ɪˈɹak/ /ɪˈɹæk/ /ɪˈɹɑk/ /ɪˈɹɑːk/ pn
Irak
country

Iraqi adj
iracki
from or pertaining to Iraq

Iraqi n
Irakijczyk Irakijka
person from Iraq

Ireland /ˈaɪə(ɹ)lənd/ [ˈaɪɚlənd] [ˈäɪɚɫɪ̈nd] [ˈɑɚlənd] [ˈɑɪələnd] [ˈɑɪɚlənd] [ˈəɪɚlənd] [ˈʌɪɚlənd] pn
Irlandia
island
country

Irenaeus pn
Ireneusz
male given name

Irene /aɪˈɹiːn/ pn
Irena
female given name

Iriomote tit n
sikora oliwkowogrzbieta
Sittiparus olivaceus

Irish /ˈaɪəɹɪʃ/ /ˈaɪɹəʃ/ /ˈaɪɹɪʃ/ adj
irlandzki
pertaining to or originating from Ireland or the Irish people
pertaining to the language

Irish /ˈaɪəɹɪʃ/ /ˈaɪɹəʃ/ /ˈaɪɹɪʃ/ n
tryktrak irlandzki
board game

Irish /ˈaɪəɹɪʃ/ /ˈaɪɹəʃ/ /ˈaɪɹɪʃ/ pn
Irlandczyk Irlandka
the people
irlandzki iryjski
the language

Irish Sea pn
Morze Irlandzkie
a sea between the islands of Great Britain and Ireland

Irish goodbye n
wyjść po angielsku
French exit

Irish setter /ˈaɪɹɪʃ ˈsɛt.ə/ n
seter irlandzki
a breed of gun dog

Irishman /ˈaɪɹɪʃmən/ n
Irlandczyk
man from Ireland

Irishwoman n
Irlandka
woman from Ireland

Irkutsk /iɹˈkʊtsk/ pn
Irkuck
city in Siberia

Irmino pn
Irmino
city

Iron Age /ˈʌɪən eɪdʒ/ pn
epoka żelaza
archaeology
mythology

Iron Curtain pn
żelazna kurtyna
the dividing line between western Europe and the Soviet controlled regions

Iroquoian adj
irokeski
of or pertaining to a Native American language family including the Iroquois and Cherokee

Iroquoian n
Irokez Irokezka
a member of the Iroquois people

Iroquois /ˈɪɹ.ə.kwɑː/ /ˈɪɹ.ə.kwɔɪ/ /ˈɪɹ.ə.kɔɪ/ n
Irokez Irokezka
a person belonging to an Iroquois tribe
Irokezi

Iroquois /ˈɪɹ.ə.kwɑː/ /ˈɪɹ.ə.kwɔɪ/ /ˈɪɹ.ə.kɔɪ/ pn
irokeski
any of the Iroquois languages

Irpin pn
Irpień
city

Irrawaddy /ˈɪɹəˌwɑdi/ pn
Irawadi
river that flows through Burma

Irshava pn
Irszawa
city

Irtysh /ˈɪə(ɹ)tɪʃ/ pn
Irtysz
river in Siberia

Isaac /ˈaɪzæk/ /ˈaɪzək/ pn
Izaak
male given name
son of Abraham and Sarah

Isabel /ˈɪzəbɛl/ pn
Izabela Izabella
female given name

Isaiah /aɪˈzaɪ.ə/ /aɪˈzeɪ.ə/ pn
Izajasz Księga Izajasza
male given name
prophet
Księga Izajasza
book of the Bible

Isar pn
Izara
river in Austria and Germany

Isauria /aɪˈsɔːɹi.ə/ pn
Izauria
ancient region

Iseult /ɪˈsuːlt/ /ɪˈzuːlt/ pn
Izolda
female given name

Isidora pn
Izydora
female given name

Isidore pn
Izydor
male given name

Isis /ˈaɪsɪs/ /ˈiaɪsəs/ pn
Izyda Izis
ancient Egyptian goddess of fertility

Islam /-læm/ /ɪsˈlɑːm/ /ɪzˈlɑːm/ /ˈɪs.lɑːm/ /ˈɪz.lɑːm/ pn
islam
Abrahamic religion

Islamabad /ɪsˈlɑːməˌbɑːd/ /ɪzˈlæməˌbæd/ /ɪzˈlɑːməˌbɑːd/ pn
Islamabad
the capital of Pakistan

Islamic /ɪsˈlɑːmɪk/ /ɪzˈlæmɪk/ /ɪzˈlɑːmɪk/ adj
islamski
related to Islam

Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan pn
Islamski Emirat Afganistanu
full, official name of Afghanistan

Islamic Republic of Afghanistan pn
Islamska Republika Afganistanu
official name of Afghanistan

Islamic Republic of Iran pn
Islamska Republika Iranu
full, official name of Iran

Islamic Republic of Pakistan pn
Islamska Republika Pakistanu
Islamic Republic of Pakistan

Islamic State pn
Państwo Islamskie
jihadist group

Islamism /ɪzˈlæmɪz(ə)m/ /ɪzˈlɑːmɪz(ə)m/ /ˈɪzləmɪz(ə)m/ n
islamizm
Islamic fundamentalism

Islamist /-ˈlæmɪst/ /-ˈlɑːmɪst/ /ˈɪsləmɪst/ /ˈɪzləmɪst/ n
islamista islamistka
person with Islamic fundamentalist beliefs
islamista islamistka islamoznawca islamoznawczyni
person who specializes in Islamic studies

Islamization n
islamizacja
the conversion of a society to Islam

Islamologist n
islamista

Islamophobia n
islamofobia
fear or hatred of Islam or Muslims

Isle of Man /ˌaɪl ə(v) ˈmæn/ pn
Wyspa Man
island

Isle of Wight /ˌaɪl ə(v) ˈwaɪt/ pn
Wyspa Wight
island and county off the south coast of England

Israel /ˈɪz.ɹaɪ.ɛl/ /ˈɪz.ɹeɪ.əl/ /ˈɪz.ɹeɪ.ɛl/ /ˈɪz.ɹi.əl/ /ˈɪz.ɹɛəl/ pn
Izrael
the state
Biblical: name given to Jacob
given name

Israeli /ɪzˈɹeɪli/ adj
izraelski
of, from, or pertaining to Israel, the Israeli people

Israeli /ɪzˈɹeɪli/ n
Izraelczyk Izraelka
person from Israel or of Israeli descent

Istanbul /ɪstænˈbʊl/ pn
Stambuł Istambuł
largest city of Turkey and last capital of the Ottoman Empire

Istanbulite n
stambulczyk stambułka
person from Istanbul

Istro-Romanian pn
istrorumuński
language

Italian /ɪˈtæljən/ /ˌaɪˈtæljən/ adj
włoski
of or pertaining to Italy
of or pertaining to Italians
włoski włoskojęzyczny
of or pertaining to the Italian language

Italian /ɪˈtæljən/ /ˌaɪˈtæljən/ n
Włoch Włoszka
inhabitant of Italy
włoski język włoski
language

Italian Peninsula pn
Półwysep Apeniński
peninsula

Italian Republic pn
Republika Włoska
official name of Italy

Italian honeysuckle n
kapryfolium wiciokrzew przewiercień
Lonicera caprifolium

Italian oak n
dąb węgierski
Quercus frainetto, an oak native to southeastern Europe

Italianism n
italianizm

Italianization /ɪˌtæljənaɪˈzeɪʃən/ /ɪˌtæljənəˈzeɪʃən/ pn
italianizacja
process of forced assimilation into the Italian culture

Italianize /ɪˈtæljəˌnaɪz/ v
italizować
transitive

Italianness n
włoskość włoszczyzna
quality of being Italian

Italophile n
italofil

Italophone adj
włoskojęzyczny
Italian-speaking

Italy /ˈɪtəli/ pn
Włochy Italia
country in southern Europe

Ithaca /ˈɪθəkə/ pn
Itaka
island

Ivalo pn
Ivalo
village in Northern Finland

Ivan /ɪˈvɑːn/ /ˈaɪ.vən/ /ˈivɑːn/ pn
Iwan
male given name

Ivan the Terrible pn
Iwan Groźny

Ivano-Frankivsk pn
Iwano-Frankiwsk Iwano-Frankowsk Stanisławów
city
Obwód iwanofrankiwski
oblast

Ivanovich /ɪˈvænəvɪt͡ʃ/ /ɪˈvɑːnəvɪt͡ʃ/ pn
Iwanowicz
patronymic

Ivanovo pn
Iwanowo
city in Russia

Ivorian /aɪˈvɔːɹiən/ adj
iworyjski
of, from, or pertaining to Côte d'Ivoire

Ivorian /aɪˈvɔːɹiən/ n
Iworyjczyk Iworyjka
a person from Côte d'Ivoire or of Ivorian descent

Iwo Jima pn
Iwo Jima
Japanese islands

Ixion /ɪkˈsaɪ.ən/ pn
Ixion
a Kuiper Belt object
king of Lapiths

Izhevsk pn
Iżewsk
capital of Udmurtia

Iziaslav pn
Zasław
city

Izium /ɪˈzjuːm/ pn
Izium
city in Kharkiv Oblast, Ukraine

Izmail pn
Izmaił
city

Izmir /ˈɪzmɪə/ pn
Izmir
city

Iłża pn
Iłża
town in Poland

J /d͡ʒeɪ/ n
W
playing card

Jabalpur pn
Dżabalpur Jabalpur
city in India

Jabberwock pn
Dziaberlak Dziaberliada Dziwolęki Dżabbersmok Dżabrokłap Żabrołak
fantastical monster

Jablonec nad Nisou pn
Jablonec nad Nysą
city in the Czech republic

Jablunkov pn
Jabłonków
city in the Czech Republic

Jack /d͡ʒæk/ pn
Jakub
anglicized form of Jacques
Jasiek Jaś
pet name of John

Jack the Ripper pn
Kuba Rozpruwacz
19th century murderer

Jacob /ˈd͡ʒeɪkəb/ pn
Jakub
one of the sons of Isaac and Rebecca
male given name (the standard form)

Jacob's ladder n
drabina Jakuba
high-voltage device
wielosił
flowering plant

Jacqueline /ˈdʒækəlɪn/ pn
Jakubina
female given name

Jaffa /ˈd͡ʒæfə/ /ˈd͡ʒɑfə/ pn
Jafa
a port in western Israel

Jaffa cake n
delicja
small, biscuit-like cake

Jaffna pn
Dżafna
city

Jain /d͡ʒaɪn/ /d͡ʒeɪn/ adj
dżinijski
of or pertaining to Jainism

Jain /d͡ʒaɪn/ /d͡ʒeɪn/ n
dżinista dżinistka
follower of Jainism

Jainism /ˈd͡ʒeɪnɪzm̩/ pn
dżinizm
religion and philosophy

Jakarta /d͡ʒəˈkɑː(ɹ)tə/ pn
Dżakarta
capital of Indonesia

Jakartan adj
dżakarcki
from Jakarta

Jalal-Abad pn
Dżalalabad
Kyrgyz city

Jalalabad pn
Dżalalabad
a city in eastern Afghanistan

Jalandhar pn
Dźalandhar
city in India

Jamahiriya n
dżamahirijja
state of the masses (Libya)

Jamaica /d͡ʒəˈmeɪ.kə/ pn
Jamajka
country in the Caribbean

Jamaican /d͡ʒəˈmeɪkən/ adj
jamajski
of, from, or pertaining to Jamaica, the Jamaican people or the Jamaican language

Jamaican /d͡ʒəˈmeɪkən/ n
Jamajczyk Jamajka
person of Jamaican descent

James /d͡ʒeɪmz/ pn
Jakub
male given name (the standard form)
one of two Apostles
List Jakuba Jakub
book of the Bible

Jamila pn
Dżamila
Female name in Muslim communities

Jammu and Kashmir pn
Dżammu i Kaszmir
portion of the territory which is governed by India

Jan Mayen /jɑn ˈmaɪən/ pn
Jan Mayen
Norwegian territory

Jane /d͡ʒeɪn/ pn
Janina Joanna
feminine form of John

January /ˈd͡ʒæn.j(ʊ.)ə.ɹi/ /ˈd͡ʒænjuˌæɹi/ /ˈd͡ʒænjuˌɛɹi/ /ˈd͡ʒænjəɹi/ /ˈd͡ʒænjʉˌeːɹi/ /ˈd͡ʒænɹi/ /ˈd͡ʒɪnəˌweɪɹi/ /ˈd͡ʒɪnəˌwɛəɹi/ pn
styczeń
first month of the Gregorian calendar

Janus /ˈdʒæɪ̯nəs/ /ˈd͡ʒeɪnəs/ pn
Janus
Roman god of doorways, gates and transitions
moon of Saturn

Japan /d͡ʒəˈpæn/ pn
Japonia
a country in East Asia

Japanese /ˌd͡ʒæpəˈniːz/ adj
japoński Japończyk
of or relating to Japan

Japanese /ˌd͡ʒæpəˈniːz/ n
Japończyk Japonka
person of Japan

Japanese /ˌd͡ʒæpəˈniːz/ pn
japoński japońszczyzna
Japanese language

Japanese flying squid n
strzalik japoński
the squid

Japanese jack mackerel n
ostrobok japoński
Trachurus japonicus

Japanese knotweed n
rdestowiec ostrokończysty
Fallopia japonica

Japanese macaque n
makak japoński
Macaca fuscata

Japanese studies n
japonistyka
academic discipline

Japanese wagtail n
pliszka duza
Motacilla grandis

Japaneseness n
japońszczyzna
quality of being Japanese

Japanologist n
japonista japonistka
one who studies Japanology

Japheth /(d)ʒeɪ̯ˈfɛt/ /ˈdʒɛ̯ɪfɪf/ /ˈd͡ʒeɪfɛð/ /ˈd͡ʒeɪfɛθ/ /ˈd͡ʒeɪfɪθ/ pn
Jafet
third son of Noah

Jason /ˈdʒeɪsən/ pn
Jazon
leader of Argonauts

Jassy pn
Jassy
city in Romania

Java /ˈd͡ʒɑːvə/ pn
Java
programming language
Jawa
island of Indonesia

Java Sea pn
Morze Jawajskie
a sea

Java sparrow n
ryżowiec siwy
Java sparrow

JavaScript /ˈdʒɑː.və.skɹɪpt/ pn
JawaSkrypt
scripting programming language

Javan rhinoceros n
nosorożec jawajski
Rhinoceros sondaicus

Javanese /dʒɑː.vəˈniːz/ n
Jawajczyk Jawajka
person

Javanese /dʒɑː.vəˈniːz/ pn
jawajski
language

Jeannette /d͡ʒəˈnɛt/ pn
Żaneta
female given name

Jeddah pn
Dżudda
city in Saudi Arabia

Jedi /ˈd͡ʒɛd.aɪ/ n
Jedi
one of a fictional order of beings

Jehoshaphat /d͡ʒəˈhoʊ.ʃəˌfæt/ /d͡ʒəˈhɒʃ.ə.fæt/ /d͡ʒɪˈhɒʃ.ə.fæt/ pn
Jozafat
biblical name

Jehovah /d͡ʒəˈhoʊvə/ pn
Jehowa
transliteration of the Masoretic vocalization of the Tetragrammaton

Jehovah's Witness n
świadek Jehowy jehowy
member of the Jehovah's Witnesses

Jehovah's Witnesses pn
Świadkowie Jehowy
denomination

Jelenia Góra pn
Jelenia Góra
city

Jelgava pn
Jełgawa
city in Latvia

Jena /ˈd͡ʒiːnə/ /ˈjeɪnə/ pn
Jena
independent city in Thuringia, Germany

Jephthah pn
Jefte
Israelite judge

Jeremiah /ˌd͡ʒɛɹəˈmaɪə/ pn
Jeremiasz
biblical prophet
male given name
Księga Jeremiasza Jeremiasz
book of the Bible

Jericho /ˈd͡ʒɛɹɪkəʊ/ /ˈd͡ʒɛɹɪˌkoʊ/ pn
Jerycho
city

Jerome /d͡ʒəˈɹəʊm/ pn
Hieronim
male given name

Jerusalem /d͡ʒəˈɹuːsələm/ /d͡ʒəˈɹuːzələm/ pn
Jerozolima Jeruzalem
city

Jerusalem artichoke n
topinambur
plant and tuber

Jerusalem cross n
krzyż jerozolimski
(heraldry)

Jesse /ˈd͡ʒɛs.i/ pn
Jesse
biblical father of David
male given name

Jessica /ˈd͡ʒɛsɪkə/ pn
Dżesika Jessica
a female given name

Jesuit /ˈd͡ʒɛz(j)uɪt/ /ˈd͡ʒɛzuɪt/ /ˈd͡ʒɛʒuɪt/ n
jezuita jezuitka
member of the Society of Jesus

Jesus /heɪˈsuːs/ /hɛˈsuːs/ /ˈd͡ʒizəs/ /ˈd͡ʒiːzəs/ /ˈd͡ʒiːˌzʌs/ /ˈheɪsuːs/ /ˈhɛsuːs/ interjection
Jezus, Maria! o, Jezu!
expletive

Jesus /heɪˈsuːs/ /hɛˈsuːs/ /ˈd͡ʒizəs/ /ˈd͡ʒiːzəs/ /ˈd͡ʒiːˌzʌs/ /ˈheɪsuːs/ /ˈhɛsuːs/ pn
Jezus
the Christian Messiah

Jesus Christ /ˌd͡ʒiːzəs ˈkɹaɪst/ pn
Jezus Chrystus
Jesus of Nazareth

Jethro /ˈd͡ʒɛθɹoʊ/ pn
Jetro
the father-in-law of Moses

Jew /d͡ʒuʊ̯/ /d͡ʒuː/ n
Żyd Żydówka
member or descendant of the Jewish people
żyd żydówka
person of the Jewish faith

Jew's harp n
drumla
musical instrument

Jew's-ear n
uszak bzowy
fungus Auricularia auricula-judae

Jewess n
Żydówka żydówka
female Jew

Jewish /ˈd͡ʒuː.ɪʃ/ adj
żydowski
of or relating to a Jew or Jews, their ethnicity, religion or culture

Jewish Autonomous Oblast pn
Żydowski Obwód Autonomiczny
Jewish autonomous oblast in Russia

Jewish Bolshevism n
żydokomuna
Soviet Communism from right-wing point of view

Jewry /ˈd͡ʒuːɹi/ n
żydostwo
Jews in general, the Jewish population of a locale

Jezebel /ˈd͡ʒɛzəˌbɛl/ pn
Izebel
Biblical character Jezebel

Jiangshanian n
Tremadok

Jicarilla pn
jicarilla
Jicarilla language

Joachim /joʊ.əˈkiːm/ /ˈd͡ʒoʊ.ə.kɪm/ /ˈd͡ʒəʊ.ə.kɪm/ /ˈjoʊ.kɪm/ pn
Joachim
male given name

Joanna /ˌd͡ʒoʊˈænə/ pn
Joanna
biblical follower of Jesus

Job /d͡ʒɒb/ /d͡ʒɔb/ /d͡ʒəʊb/ pn
Hiob Job
Biblical and Qur'anic character
Księga Hioba Hiob Job
book of the Bible

Job's comforter n
pocieszyciel Hioba
person who aggravates someone's distress under the guise of consoling them

Job's news n
hiobowa wieść
bad news

Joe /d͡ʒoʊ/ /d͡ʒəʊ/ pn
Józio
pet form of Joseph

Joe Average n
Jan Kowalski
hypothetical average or generic individual

Joel /d͡ʒoʊˈɛl/ /d͡ʒəʊˈɛl/ /ˈd͡ʒoʊ(ə)l/ /ˈd͡ʒəʊ(ə)l/ pn
Joel Księga Joela
male given name
Księga Joela
book of the Bible

Johannesburg /d͡ʒoʊˈhænɪsbɜːrɡ/ /d͡ʒoʊˈhɑːnɪsbɜːrɡ/ /d͡ʒœʊ̯ˈhɛnɨsbøːɡ/ pn
Johannesburg
a city in South Africa

John /d͡ʒɑn/ /d͡ʒɒn/ pn
Ewangelia (wg św.) Jana
fourth gospel
Jan Iwan
male given name
biblical persons
List (św.) Jana Jan
one of the epistles of John

John Doe n
Jan Kowalski Kowalski
any unknown or anonymous male person

John Doe pn
NN
male name used in legal documents

John Dory n
paszczak piotrosz
edible marine fish

John the Baptist pn
Jan Chrzciciel Jan Baptysta
biblical prophet

Johnny /ˈd͡ʒɑni/ /ˈd͡ʒɒni/ pn
Jaś
diminutive of John

Johnny-come-lately /ˌdʒɑːni.kʌmˈleɪtli/ /ˌdʒɒni.kʌmˈleɪtli/ n
nowicjusz nowicjuszka żółtodziób
newcomer

Johnson /ˈd͡ʒɑnsən/ /ˈd͡ʒɒnsən/ pn
Janowicz
surname meaning "son of John"

Jolly Roger /ˌdʒɑli ˈɹɑdʒɚ/ /ˌdʒɒli ˈɹɒdʒə/ n
bandera piratów
traditional flag used on pirate ships

Jonah /ˈd͡ʒoʊnə/ /ˈd͡ʒəʊnə/ pn
Jonasz Księga Jonasza
given name
prophet
Księga Jonasza Jonasz
tenth sūra of the Qurʾān
Biblical: a book of the Old Testament

Jonathan /ˈd͡ʒɑnəθən/ /ˈd͡ʒɒnəθən/ pn
Jonatan
biblical character
male given name

Jonava pn
Janów

Jordan /ˈd͡ʒɔɹdən/ /ˈd͡ʒɔːdən/ /ˈd͡ʒɝdn̩/ /ˈd͡ʒɝdən/ pn
Jordan
river
male given name
Jordania
country

Jordanian /d͡ʒɔɹˈdeɪniən/ /d͡ʒɔːˈdeɪnɪən/ adj
jordański
of, from, or pertaining to Jordan or the Jordanian people

Jordanian /d͡ʒɔɹˈdeɪniən/ /d͡ʒɔːˈdeɪnɪən/ n
Jordańczyk Jordanka
person

Joseph /ˈd͡ʒoʊsəf/ /ˈd͡ʒoʊzəf/ /ˈd͡ʒəʊzəf/ pn
Józef
male given name
favorite son of Jacob
husband of Virgin Mary
Józef z Arymatei
Joseph of Arimathea

Josephine /ˈd͡ʒoʊ.sə.fiːn/ /ˈd͡ʒoʊ.zə.fiːn/ /ˈd͡ʒəʊ.sə.fiːn/ /ˈd͡ʒəʊ.zə.fiːn/ pn
Józefina
feminine form of Joseph

Joshua /ˈd͡ʒɒʃ(j)uːə/ pn
Jozue Księga Jozuego
male given name
Księga Jozuego Jozue
book of the Bible

Joshua tree n
drzewo Jozuego
Yucca brevifolia

Josiah /d͡ʒoʊˈzaɪə/ pn
Jozjasz
biblical king

Joule heating n
prawo Joula

Jovian /ˈd͡ʒoʊ.vi.ən/ /ˈd͡ʒəʊ.vi.ən/ adj
jowiszowy
pertaining to the planet Jupiter

Jovian /ˈd͡ʒoʊ.vi.ən/ /ˈd͡ʒəʊ.vi.ən/ n
Jowiszanin Jowiszanka
inhabitant of Jupiter

Joycean /ˈd͡ʒɔɪsi.ən/ /ˈd͡ʒɔɪsɪ.ən/ adj
joyce'owski
pertaining to James Joyce or his writings

Jr. adj
junior
junior, postnomial title used by a son sharing the same name as the father

Juba pn
Dżuba
capital of South Sudan

Juche /ˈd͡ʒuːt͡ʃeɪ/ n
dżucze
North Korean self-reliance state ideology

Judah /ˈd͡ʒuː.də/ pn
Juda
fourth son of Jacob
one of the Israelite tribes
male given name

Judaism /d͡ʒuˈdeɪˌɪz.əm/ /ˈd͡ʒuː.deɪˌɪz.əm/ /ˈd͡ʒuː.diˌɪz.əm/ /ˈd͡ʒuː.dəˌɪz.əm/ /ˈd͡ʒuːˌdeɪ.ɪz.əm/ pn
judaizm
world religion

Judaization n
judaizacja
Judaization

Judas /ˈd͡ʒuːdəs/ n
judasz
traitor

Judas /ˈd͡ʒuːdəs/ pn
Judasz List Judy
one of the Apostles
List Judy
book of the Bible

Judas kiss n
judaszowy pocałunek pocałunek Judasza
act of treachery under the guise of kindness

Judas tree n
judaszowiec południowy judaszowiec wschodni
Cercis siliquastrum

Judea /d͡ʒuˈdeɪ.ə/ /d͡ʒuˈdiːə/ pn
Judea Juda
Judea

Judean /d͡ʒuˈdiː.ən/ adj
judzki
of or pertaining to Judea

Judean /d͡ʒuˈdiː.ən/ n
Judejczyk Judejka
A native or inhabitant of Judea.

Judges pn
Księga Sędziów
book of the Bible

Judith /ˈd͡ʒuːdɪθ/ pn
Judyta
female given name
Księga Judyty
book of the Bible

Julia /ˈd͡ʒuːli.ə/ pn
Julia
female given name

Julian /d͡ʒuː.liˈæn/ /ˈd͡ʒuː.li.ən/ adj
juliański
of or relating to Julius Caesar

Julian calendar n
kalendarz juliański
calendar

Juliet /ˈd͡ʒuliət/ /ˈd͡ʒuːlɪɛt/ /ˌd͡ʒuliˈɛt/ pn
Julia
character in Romeo and Juliet
moon of Uranus
Julita
female given name

Julius /ˈd͡ʒuːliəs/ /ˈd͡ʒuːljəs/ /ˈd͡ʒuːləs/ pn
Juliusz Julek
male given name

July /d͡ʒuˈlaɪ/ /d͡ʒəˈlaɪ/ /d͡ʒʊˈlaɪ/ pn
lipiec
seventh month of the Gregorian calendar

June /d͡ʒjuːn/ /d͡ʒuːn/ pn
czerwiec
sixth month of the Gregorian calendar

Juno /ˈd͡ʒunoʊ/ pn
Junona
Roman goddess

Jupiter /ˈd͡ʒupɪtɚ/ [ˈd͡ʒupɪɾɚ] pn
Jowisz Jupiter
planet
god

Jura /ˈd͡ʒʊəɹə/ /ˈd͡ʒʊɹə/ pn
Jura
canton in Switzerland

Jurassic adj
jurajski
of period from 200 to 145 million years ago

Jurassic pn
jura
Jurassic period

Jurchen n
dżurdżen dżurdżenka
Tungusic people

Justice of the Peace n
sędzia pokoju sędzina pokoju
judicial officer

Justin /ˈd͡ʒʌs.tɪn/ pn
Justyn
male given name

Justine pn
Justyna
female given name

Jute /d͡ʒuːt/ /juːt/ n
Jut
member of the Germanic tribe that existed in modern-day Denmark

Jutland /ˈd͡ʒʌt.lənd/ pn
Jutlandia
peninsula

Jörmungandr /-mʊn-/ /-ˌɡænd-/ /ˈjɔɹmunˌɡɑndɹ̩/ pn
Jormungand
World Serpent

Jūrmala pn
Jurmała
city in Latvia

K /keɪ/ [kʰeɪ] n
K
playing card

K-pop n
K-pop
Korean pop music

K2 /keɪˈtuː/ pn
Czogori K2
the world’s second highest mountain

KGB pn
KGB
Committee for State Security of the Soviet Union
security service of Belarus

Kaaba /ˈkɑːbə/ pn
Kaaba
cubical stone temple in Mecca

Kabardian /kəˈbɑː(ɹ)diən/ pn
kabardyjski
language spoken in Kabardino-Balkaria, Russia

Kabardino-Balkariya pn
Kabardo-Bałkaria
Kabardino-Balkariya, Russia

Kabballah pn
kabała
body of teachings

Kabul /ˈkɑːbəl/ pn
Kabul
capital and largest city of Afghanistan

Kabyle /kəˈbaɪl/ n
Kabyl Kabylka
person

Kabyle /kəˈbaɪl/ pn
kabylski
language

Kachin pn
Kaczin
a state of Myanmar

Kadiivka pn
Kadyjewka
city

Kadzidło pn
Kadzidło
village in Poland

Kafkaesque /ˌkæfkəˈɛsk/ /ˌkæfkəˈɹɛsk/ /ˌkɑfkəˈɛsk/ adj
kafkowski
marked by menacing complexity

Kaharlyk pn
Kaharłyk
city

Kaiser /ˈkaɪzə(ɹ)/ /ˈkaɪzɚ/ n
kajzer
German Emperor

Kaiser roll n
kajzerka
star-emblazoned round bread roll

Kakhovka pn
Kachowka
city

Kalash n
Kalasze
Kalash (people)

Kalashnikov /kəˈlæʃ.nɪˌkɒf/ /kəˈlæʃnəˌkɑf/ pn
kałasznikow kałach kałasz
model of Russian assault rifle

Kali /ˈkæli/ /ˈkɑːli/ pn
Kali
goddess

Kaliningrad /kəˈlinɪnɡræd/ /kəˈliːnɪnɡrad/ pn
Kaliningrad Królewiec
Kaliningrad

Kalmiuske pn
Kalmiuskie
city

Kalmyk adj
kałmucki
of, or pertaining to, Kalmykia

Kalmyk n
Kałmuczka Kałmuk
person

Kalmyk pn
(język) kałmucki
language

Kalmykia pn
Kałmucja
Kalmykia, Russia

Kalush pn
Kałusz
city

Kalynivka pn
Kalinówka
city

Kamchadal n
Kamczadał
a member of the ethnic group who are the original inhabitants of the Kamchatka peninsula in Russia

Kamchatka pn
Kamczatka
peninsula in the Russian Far East
river in Russia
Kraj Kamczacki
krai of Russia

Kamchatkan adj
kamczacki

Kamianets-Podilskyi pn
Kamieniec Podolski
city

Kamianka pn
Kamionka Kamjanka
city

Kamianka-Buzka pn
Kamionka Bużańska
city

Kamianka-Dniprovska pn
Kamionka Dnieprzańska
city

Kamianske pn
Kamieńskie
city

Kamin-Kashyrskyi pn
Kamień Koszyrski
city

Kampuchea /kæmpəˈt͡ʃiːə/ pn
Kampucza
former name for Cambodia

Kandahar pn
Kandahar
city and province in southern Afghanistan

Kangchenjunga /-ˈd͡ʒʊŋ-/ /ˌkʌn-/ /ˌkʌŋt͡ʃənˈd͡ʒʌŋɡə/ pn
Kanczendzonga
Himalayan mountain

Kaniv pn
Kaniów
city

Kannada /ˈkænədə/ /ˈkɑːnədə/ n
kannada
language

Kansas /ˈkæn.zəs/ pn
Kansas
US state

Kansas City /ˌkænzəˈsɪti/ [kæ̃ˈsɪɾi] pn
Kansas City
a large city straddling the border between Kansas and Missouri, USA

Kantian adj
kantowski
of, pertaining to, or resembling the philosophical views of Immanuel Kant

Kantian n
kantysta kantystka
person who subscribes to philosophical views associated with Immanuel Kant

Kantianism /ˈkæntɪənɪzəm/ pn
kantyzm
philosophical system

Kaohsiung /ˈkaʊ ˈʃjʊŋ/ /ˈɡaʊ ˈʃjʊŋ/ pn
Kaohsiung
a large city in Taiwan

Karachay-Cherkessia pn
Karaczajo-Czerkiesja
Karachay-Cherkessia, Russia

Karachi /kəˈrɑːt͡ʃi/ pn
Karaczi
the capital of the province of Sindh, Pakistan

Karaganda /kæɹəˈɡændə/ /kɑɹəˈɡɑndə/ pn
Karaganda
a city in Kazakhstan

Karelia /kəˈɹeɪlɪə/ /kəˈɹiːlɪə/ /kəˈɹɛlɪə/ pn
Karelia
region in Russia and Finland
Karelia Republika Karelii
autonomous republic of Russia

Karelian adj
karelski
of, from, or pertaining to Karelia

Karelian n
Karel Karelka
Karelian person

Karelian pn
karelski
language

Karen /ˈkæɹən/ /ˈkɛɹən/ n
Karyna
stereotypical woman

Karlivka pn
Karliwka Karlówka
city

Karlovac pn
Karlovac
city and municipality

Karnataka /kɑːɹˈnɑːtəkə/ /kəɹˈnɑːtəkə/ pn
Karnataka
state in southern India

Kartvelian studies n
Kartwelistyka kartwelologia
a field of humanities covering Kartvelian history, languages, religion and/or culture

Karu pn
język baniwa
the Karu language

Kashan /kɑːʃɑːn/ pn
Kaszan
city in Iran

Kashgar pn
Kaszgar
prefecture, city

Kashmir /kæʃ.ˈmiɹ/ /kæʒ.ˈmiɹ/ /ˈkæʃ.miɹ/ /ˈkæʒ.miɹ/ pn
Kaszmir
region

Kashmiri /kæʃˈmiɹi/ adj
kaszmirski
related to Kashmir

Kashmiri /kæʃˈmiɹi/ n
Kaszmirczyk Kaszmirka
person

Kashmiri /kæʃˈmiɹi/ pn
kaszmirski
language

Kashub n
Kaszub Kaszuba Kaszubka
member of a West Slavic ethnic group

Kashubia pn
Kaszuby

Kashubian /kəˈʃuːbɪən/ adj
kaszubski
of the Kashubian people and their language

Kashubian /kəˈʃuːbɪən/ n
Kaszub Kaszuba Kaszubka
person of the Kashubian ethnic group

Kashubian /kəˈʃuːbɪən/ pn
kaszubski
Slavic language spoken in the Pomeranian region of Poland

Kasimovian pn
kasimow
subdivision of the Carboniferous period

Katharevousa /ˌkaθəˈɹɛvuːsə/ /ˌkɑθəˈɹɛvusɑ/ /ˌkɑθəˈɹɛvəsɑ/ pn
katharewusa
purist variant of Modern Greek

Kathmandu /ˌkætmænˈduː/ pn
Katmandu
capital city of Nepal

Katian pn
Kat
subdivision of the Ordovician period

Katikkiro n
Katikkiro

Katowice /ˌkatəˈviːtsə/ /ˌkɑtəˈvitsə/ pn
Katowice
city in Poland

Katyusha n
katiusza
rocket launcher

Kaunas pn
Kowno
city

Kavala pn
Kawala
city

Kazakh /kəˈzak/ /kəˈzɑk/ /kəˈzɑːk/ /ˈkazak/ adj
kazachski
pertaining to the Kazakh people or the Kazakh language

Kazakh /kəˈzak/ /kəˈzɑk/ /kəˈzɑːk/ /ˈkazak/ n
Kazach Kazaszka
a person from Kazakhstan or of that descent
kazachski
language

Kazakhstan /ˈkæzəkstæn/ /ˈkæzəkˌstæn/ /ˈkɑzəkˌstæn/ /ˈkɑzəkˌstɑn/ /ˈkɑːzəkstɑːn/ pn
Kazachstan
country in Central Asia

Kazakhstani adj
kazachstański
of or pertaining to Kazakhstan

Kazakhstani n
Kazachstanka Kazachstańczyk
person from Kazakhstan

Kazan pn
Kazań
city in Russia

Kelmentsi pn
Kelmieńce

Kemerovo pn
Kemerowo
city in Siberia

Kent /kɛnt/ pn
Kent
the English maritime county

Kentish plover n
sieweczka morska
Charadrius alexandrinus

Kentucky /kənˈtʌki/ /kɛnˈtʌki/ pn
Kentucky
US state

Kenya /ˈkiːn.jə/ /ˈkɛn.jə/ [ˈkɛ.ɲa] pn
Kenia
country in Eastern Africa

Kenyan adj
kenijski
Of, from, or pertaining to Kenya or the Kenyan people

Kerch pn
Kercz
city

Ket pn
ketyjski
language

Khabarovsk /ˈkɑbəɹɑfsk/ /ˈkɑːbəɹɒfsk/ pn
Chabarowsk
city in Russia

Khabarovsk Krai pn
Kraj Chabarowski
krai

Khakas n
Chakas Chakaska
people

Khakassia pn
Chakasja
a republic of central south Russia

Khan Tengri pn
Chan Tengri
mountain

Khanty-Mansiysk pn
Chanty-Mansyjsk
city in Russia

Kharkiv /hɑɹˈkiv/ /hɑːˈkiːv/ /kɑɹˈkiv/ /kɑːˈkiːv/ /ˈhɑɹkiv/ /ˈhɑɹkɪv/ /ˈhɑːkiːv/ /ˈhɑːkɪv/ /ˈkɑɹkiv/ /ˈkɑɹkɪv/ /ˈkɑːkiːv/ /ˈkɑːkɪv/ /ˈxɑɹkiv/ /ˈxɑːkiːv/ pn
Charków
city
Obwód charkowski
oblast

Kharkivian adj
charkowski
Pertaining of Kharkiv

Khartoum /kɑː(ɹ)ˈtuːm/ pn
Chartum
capital of Sudan

Khartsyzk pn
Charcysk

Khashoggi pn
Chaszukdżi
surname

Khazar /kəˈzɑː/ /kəˈzɑːɹ/ n
Chazar Chazarka
member of a semi-nomadic Turkic tribe

Kherson /hɜː(ɹ)ˈsɔːn/ /kɜː(ɹ)ˈsɔːn/ /xɜː(ɹ)ˈsɔːn/ pn
Chersoń
city in Ukraine
Obwód chersoński
oblast in Ukraine

Khersonite adj
chersoński
of or from Kherson

Khinalug pn
chinalugijski
language

Khmelnytskyi /k(ə)mɛlˈnɪtski/ /x(ə)mɛlˈnɪtski/ pn
Chmielnicki
city
Obwód chmielnicki
oblast

Khmer /kəˈmɛə(ɹ)/ /ˈkmɛə(ɹ)/ [kʰəˈmɛɹ] adj
khmerski
of or pertaining to the Khmer people or their language

Khmer /kəˈmɛə(ɹ)/ /ˈkmɛə(ɹ)/ [kʰəˈmɛɹ] n
Khmer Khmerka
member of ethnolinguistic group
khmerski
language

Khmer Rouge /kəˈmɛəɹ ˈɹuːʒ/ /ˈkmɛəɹ ˈɹuːʒ/ pn
Czerwoni Khmerzy
Cambodian communist guerrilla force

Khmilnyk pn
Chmielnik
city

Khodoriv pn
Chodorów
city

Khodorkovsky pn
Chodorkowska Chodorkowski
Russian surname

Khorasan pn
Chorasan
A region in Persia

Khorol pn
Chorol

Khorostkiv pn
Chorostków
city

Khotyn pn
Chocim Chotyn

Khrestivka pn
Chrestiwka

Khrushchev /-t͡ʃɒv/ /-t͡ʃɛv/ /ˈkruːʃ-/ /ˈkrʊʃ.t͡ʃɒf/ pn
Chruszczow
surname

Khrushchevian adj
chruszczowowski

Khrustalnyi pn
Chrustalnyj
city

Khrystynivka pn
Chrystyniwka Chrystynówka

Khujand pn
Chodżent
city in Tajikistan

Khust pn
Chust
city

Khyriv pn
Chyrów
city

Kiel pn
Kilonia
city in Holstein, Germany

Kielce pn
Kielce
city

Kierkegaardian /ˌkɪəkəˈɡɑːdɪ.ən/ /ˌkɪɹkəˈɡɑɹdi.ən/ adj
kierkegaardowski
of or pertaining to Søren Kierkegaard or his philosophy

Kierz pn
Kierz
toponym

Kievan Rus pn
Ruś Kijowska
medieval principality

Kihnu pn
Kihnu
island

Kikuyu n
Kikuju
member of Bantu people

Kikuyu pn
kikuju
language

Kiliia pn
Kilia
city

Kilimanjaro /ˌkɪləmənˈd͡ʒɑɹoʊ/ /ˌkɪlɪmənˈd͡ʒɑːɹəʊ/ pn
Kilimandżaro
volcano

Killing Fields pn
pola śmierci
sites in Cambodia where mass slaughter was carried out

Kimmeridgian pn
kimeryd
subdivision of the Jurassic period

King Arthur pn
Król Artur
legendary king of Britain

King Kong pn
King Kong
a fictional giant ape

Kingdom Hall n
sala królestwa
place where Jehovah's Witnesses meet

Kingdom of Bahrain pn
Królestwo Bahrajnu
official name of Bahrain

Kingdom of Belgium pn
Królestwo Belgii
official name of Belgium

Kingdom of Cambodia pn
Królestwo Kambodży
official name of Cambodia

Kingdom of Denmark pn
Królestwo Danii
official name of Denmark

Kingdom of England pn
Królestwo Anglii
Kingdom of England

Kingdom of Great Britain pn
Królestwo Wielkiej Brytanii

Kingdom of Italy pn
Królestwo Włoch Królestwo Włoskie

Kingdom of Morocco pn
Królestwo Marokańskie
official name of Morocco

Kingdom of Norway pn
Królestwo Norwegii
official name of Norway

Kingdom of Saudi Arabia pn
Królestwo Arabii Saudyjskiej
official name of Saudi Arabia

Kingdom of Scotland pn
Królestwo Szkocji
Kingdom of Scotland

Kingdom of Spain pn
Królestwo Hiszpanii
official name of Spain

Kingdom of Sweden pn
Królestwo Szwecji
official name of Sweden

Kingdom of Thailand pn
Królestwo Tajlandii
official name of Thailand

Kingdom of the Netherlands pn
Królestwo Niderlandów
monarchy consisting of the Netherlands and the Caribbean independent constituent countries

Kings pn
Księga Królewska Księga Królów
book of the Bible

Kingston /ˈkɪŋ.stən/ pn
Kingston
capital of Jamaica

Kingstown pn
Kingstown
capital of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

Kinshasa /kɪnˈʃɑːsə/ pn
Kinszasa
the capital of the Democratic Republic of the Congo

Kiribati /kiː.ɹɪˈbæs/ /ˈkiː.ɹɪ.bæs/ /ˈkɪrəbæs/ /ˈkɪrəbɑːti/ /ˌkiː.ɹɪˈbɑ.ti/ /ˌkiː.ɹɪˈbɑs/ pn
Kiribati
Republic of Kiribati

Kirill pn
Cyryl
Kirill, Russian male given name

Kirov pn
Kirow
Russian surname
city in Russia

Kirovohrad pn
Kirowograd Kirowogród Kirowohrad
city
Obwód kirowohradzki
oblast

Kirundi /kɪˈruːndi/ /kɪˈrʊndi/ pn
kirundi rundi urundi
language

Kitsman pn
Kicmań Kocmań
city

Kivertsi pn
Kiwerce
city

Klaipėda pn
Kłajpeda
city in Lithuania

Klaukkala pn
Klaukkala
village in Southern Finland

Kletsk pn
Kleck
A city in Belarus

Klinefelter syndrome n
zespół Klinefeltera
genetic condition

Klingon /ˈkliŋɑn/ /ˈklɪŋɑn/ /ˈklɪŋɒn/ n
Klingon Klingonka
member of an alien warrior race in the Star Trek universe

Klingon /ˈkliŋɑn/ /ˈklɪŋɑn/ /ˈklɪŋɒn/ pn
klingoński
the language

Klyuchevskaya Sopka pn
Kluczewska Sopka
volcano in Kamchatka, Russia

Knesset /kəˈnɛsət/ /kəˈnɛsɛt/ /ˈknɛsɛt/ /ˈnɛsət/ /ˈnɛsɛt/ pn
Kneset
the Israeli parliament

Knossos pn
Knossos
an archaeological site

Kobeliaky pn
Kobelaky
city

Kobryn pn
Kobryń
A city in Belarus

Kodiak bear /ˈkoʊdiˌæk/ n
niedźwiedź kodiacki
large brown bear

Kodyma pn
Kodyma
city

Kokand pn
Kokand

Kolomyia pn
Kołomyja

Kolovrat pn
Kolowrat

Kolyma /kəlɪˈma/ pn
Kołyma
area
river

Komarno pn
Komarno
city

Komi /ˈkoʊmi/ n
Komi
ethnic group (plural)

Komi /ˈkoʊmi/ pn
Komi
republic
język komi komi
language

Komodo dragon /kəˈmoʊdoʊ ˈdɹæɡən/ n
waran z Komodo
large monitor lizard

Komondor n
komondor
breed of dog

Komotini pn
Komotini
city

Komsomol pn
Komsomoł
Young Communist League in the USSR

Komsomolsk pn
Komsomolsk
Komsomolsk, towns and rural localities in Russia and Ukraine
Komsomolsk nad Amurem
Komsomolsk-na-Amure, Russia

Kongo pn
kikongo
Bantu language

Konotop pn
Konotop
city in Ukraine

Konstanz pn
Konstancja
city

Konya /ˈkoʊnjə/ /ˈkɒnjə/ pn
Ikonium Konya
city

Kopychyntsi pn
Kopyczyńce
city

Korea /kəˈɹi.ə/ /kəˈɹiːə/ [kʰɵˈɹi.ə] [kʰɵˈɹiːə] pn
Korea
ancient country or both Koreas as a whole

Korea Strait pn
Cieśnina Koreańska
a strait between Korea and Japan

Korean /kəˈɹɪən/ adj
koreański
relating to the Korean Peninsula

Korean /kəˈɹɪən/ n
Koreanka Koreańczyk
person

Korean /kəˈɹɪən/ pn
koreański
language

Korean Peninsula pn
Półwysep Koreański
peninsula

Korean Wave /kəˈɹɪən ˈweɪv/ pn
koreańska fala
popularity of South Korean culture elsewhere

Korets pn
Korzec
city

Koriukivka pn
Koriukówka
city

Korosten pn
Korosteń
city

Korostyshiv pn
Korosteszów
city

Korsun-Shevchenkivskyi pn
Korsuń Szewczenkowski
city

Koryak n
Koriaczka Koriak
person

Koryak pn
koriacki
language

Kos pn
Kos
island

Koschei pn
Kościej Kościej Nieśmiertelny
Koschei the Immortal

Kosiv pn
Kosów
city

Kosovan adj
kosowski
related to Kosovo

Kosovan n
Kosowianin Kosowianka
person from Kosovo

Kosovo /ˈkɒsəvə/ /ˈkɒsəvəʊ/ /ˈkɔsəˌvoʊ/ pn
Kosowo
disputed region in the Balkans

Kostanay /kɒstəˈnaɪ/ pn
Kostanaj
a Kazakh city

Kostiantynivka pn
Konstantynówka
city

Kostopil pn
Kostopol
city

Kotek pn
Kotek

Kotor pn
Kotor
town

Kovac's reagent n
odczynnik Kovacsa

Kovel pn
Kowel
city

Koziatyn pn
Koziatyn
city

Kozlowski pn
Kozłowski

Košice pn
Koszyce
city

Kraken /-kɪn/ /ˈkɹeɪ.kən/ /ˈkɹæ.kən/ /ˈkɹɑː.kən/ pn
kraken
Sea monster

Kramatorsk /kɹæməˈtɔɹsk/ /kɹæməˈtɔːsk/ pn
Kramatorsk
city

Krasnodar pn
Krasnodar
a city in Russia

Krasnohorivka pn
Krasnohoriwka
city

Krasnohrad pn
Krasnohrad
city

Krasnoperekopsk pn
Krasnoperekopsk
city

Krasnoyarsk pn
Krasnojarsk
city

Krasyliv pn
Krasiłów
city

Kraut /kɹaʊt/ /kɹʌʊt/ n
szkop szwab szwabka
derogatory: German

Kremenchuk pn
Krzemieńczuk
city

Kremenets pn
Krzemieniec
city

Kreminna /kreɪmiˈnɑ/ /krɛmɪˈnɑ/ /krɛˈminə/ /krɛˈmɪnə/ /ˈkrɛmɪnə/ pn
Kreminna
city

Kremlin /ˈkɹɛmlɪn/ pn
Kreml
the Moscow Kremlin
the Russian or Soviet government

Kremlinology n
sowietologia
study of Soviet / Russian politics

Kretinga pn
Kretynga

Krishna /ˈkɹɪʃnə/ pn
Kryszna
avatar
river

Kriva Palanka pn
Kriwa Pałanka
a city in the Republic of Macedonia

Krnov pn
Krnów
Upper Silesian town on the Opava in the Czech Republic

Krolevets pn
Królewiec
city

Kropyvnytskyi pn
Kropywnycki
city

Kryvyi Rih /kɹɪˌvi ˈri/ pn
Krzywy Róg
city

Ku Klux Klan /ˌkuː klʌks ˈklæn/ pn
Ku Klux Klan
Ku Klux Klan

Kuala Lumpur /kuˈɑːlə ˈlʊmpə(ɹ)/ /kuˈɑːlə ˈlʊmpʊə/ /ˈkuala ˈlumpʊr/ /ˈkuala ˈlumpʊə/ pn
Kuala Lumpur
capital of Malaysia

Kuban /kuːˈbɑːn/ pn
Kubań
the Kuban river

Kufic adj
kufickie
Relating to original Arabic script

Kufic pn
kufickie
Original Arabic script

Kuiper belt /ˈkaɪ.pə(ɹ).bɛlt/ /ˈkaɪ.pɚ.bɛlt/ /ˈkʌɪpə bɛlt/ pn
Pas Kuipera
region of space in the Solar System

Kumiko pn
Kumiko
Japanese female given name

Kumyk n
Kumyczka Kumyk
a Kumyk person

Kumyk pn
kumycki
Turkic language

Kunduz pn
Kunduz
a city in Afghanistan
a province of Afghanistan

Kungurian pn
kungur
subdivision of the Permian period

Kuopio pn
Kuopio
city

Kupiansk pn
Kupiańsk
city

Kurakhove pn
Kurachowe
city

Kurbyko pn
Kurbyko
Slavic surname

Kurdish /ˈkɜː(ɹ)dɪʃ/ adj
kurdyjski
of, from, or pertaining to Kurdistan, the Kurdish people or the Kurdish language family

Kurdish /ˈkɜː(ɹ)dɪʃ/ n
kurdyjski
language family of Kurdistan

Kurdistan pn
Kurdystan
a region in the Middle East inhabited mostly by the Kurds

Kuril Islands pn
Kuryle Wyspy Kurylskie
archipelago between Japan and Kamchatka

Kursk pn
Kursk
city in Russia

Kuršėnai pn
Kurszany

Kutenai /ˈkuːtəneɪ/ n
kutenajowie
an indigenous people of North America

Kuwait /kjuːˈweɪt/ /kuːˈweɪt/ /kʊˈweɪt/ pn
Kuwejt
country in the Middle East

Kuwaiti adj
kuwejcki
of, from, or pertaining to Kuwait or the Kuwaiti people

Kuwaiti n
Kuwejtczyk Kuwejtka
A person from Kuwait or of Kuwaiti descent

Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship pn
województwo kujawsko-pomorskie
Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship

Kyakhta pn
Kiachta
town in Buryatia, Russia on the border between Russia and Mongolia

Kyiv /kiːˈɪv/ /ˈkiːv/ /ˈkiːɪv/ /ˈkjɪv/ pn
Kijów
capital city of Ukraine

Kyivan /kiːˈɪvən/ /ˈkiːɪvən/ adj
kijowski
of or associated with the city of Kyiv

Kyivan /kiːˈɪvən/ /ˈkiːɪvən/ n
kijowianin kijowianka
resident of Kyiv

Kyoto /kiˈjoʊtoʊ/ /ˈkjoʊtoʊ/ pn
Kioto
Kyōto, Japan

Kypuche pn
Kypucze
city

Kyrgyz /ˈkɜː(ɹ)ɡɪz/ /ˈkɪə(ɹ)ɡɪz/ /ˈkɪɹɡɪz/ adj
kirgiski
of, from, or pertaining to Kyrgyzstan, the Kyrgyz people or the Kyrgyz language

Kyrgyz /ˈkɜː(ɹ)ɡɪz/ /ˈkɪə(ɹ)ɡɪz/ /ˈkɪɹɡɪz/ n
Kirgiz Kirgizka
member of a Turkic people

Kyrgyz /ˈkɜː(ɹ)ɡɪz/ /ˈkɪə(ɹ)ɡɪz/ /ˈkɪɹɡɪz/ pn
kirgiski
language

Kyrgyz Republic pn
Republika Kirgiska
official name of Kyrgyzstan

Kyrgyz Soviet Socialist Republic pn
Kirgiska Socjalistyczna Republika Radziecka

Kyrgyzization n
kirgizizacja
the process or result of Kyrgyzizing

Kyrgyzophone adj
kirgiskojęzyczny
Kyrgyz-speaking

Kyrgyzstan /-stæn/ /ˈkɛːɹ.ɡɪˌstɑːn/ /ˈkɪəɹ.ɡɪˌstɑːn/ /ˌkɛːɹ.ɡɪˈstɑːn/ /ˌkɪəɹ.ɡɪˈstɑːn/ pn
Kirgistan
country in Central Asia

Kyrgyzstani n
Kirgistanka Kirgistańczyk Kirgiz Kirgizka
person from Kyrgyzstan

Kythira pn
Cytera Kithira Kytera
Greek island

Kyusakamoto pn
Kyusakamoto
asteroid

Kyzyl pn
Kyzył
city in Russia

Königsberg /ˈkeɪ.nɪɡzˌbɝɡ/ /ˈkɜ.nɪɡzˌbɝɡ/ /ˈkɜː.nɪɡzˌbɜːɡ/ pn
Królewiec
the former capital of East Prussia

Kėdainiai pn
Kiejdany
city and municipality of Kaunas

L'Aquila pn
L'Aquila
province

L'Hôpital's rule /ˌloʊpiːˈtɑːlz ˈɹuːl/ pn
reguła de l'Hospitala
a rule which uses derivatives to help evaluate limits involving indeterminate forms

LGBT /ɛl d͡ʒiː biː tiː/ adj
LGBT lesbijki, geje, osoby biseksualne i transgenderyczne
lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender/transsexual

LHC pn
Wielki Zderzacz Hadronów

LLC n
sp. z o.o.
Limited Liability Company

LOL /loʊl/ /lɑl/ /lɒl/ /lɔl/ /lɔːl/ /ɛl.oʊˈɛl/ /ɛl.əʊˈɛl/ interjection
lol
expression of laughter

La Pérouse Strait pn
Cieśnina La Pérouse'a
strait

La Rioja pn
La Rioja
autonomous community and province

LaVeyan Satanism pn
satanizm laveyański
the religion of the Church of Satan

Labourite /ˈleɪbəˌɹaɪt/ n
laburzysta
member or supporter of the Labour Party

Labrador /ˈlæb.ɹəˌdɔɹ/ /ˈlæb.ɹəˌdɔː(ɹ)/ pn
Labrador
mainland portion of the province of Newfoundland and Labrador

Labrador retriever n
labrador
breed of dog

Labrador tea /ˈlæb.ɹə.dɔː(ɹ) ti/ n
bagno
Rhododendron subsect. Ledum

Lacedaemonian n
Lacedemonka Lacedemończyk
inhabitant of Lacedaemonia

Lacerta pn
Jaszczurka
a constellation

Lada pn
Łada
a Russian car

Ladin /ləˈdiːn/ pn
ladyński
the Romance language

Ladinian pn
ladyn
subdivision of the Triassic period

Ladislaus pn
Władysław Włodzisław
male given name

Ladoga pn
Ładoga
a lake in Russia

Lady n
Pani
aristocratic title for a woman

Ladyzhyn pn
Ładyżyn
city

Laestrygonian /lɛstɹɪ.ˈɡoʊni.ən/ n
Lajstrygon
tribe

Lagrangian function n
lagranżjan
function

Lahore /ləˈhɔːr/ pn
Lahaur
Lahore

Laius /ˈlaɪ.əs/ pn
Lajos
father of Oedipus and husband of Jocasta

Lake Constance pn
Jezioro Bodeńskie
lake on the Rhein located at the intersection of Germany, Switzerland and Austria

Lake Erie pn
Erie
the lake

Lake Geneva pn
Jezioro Genewskie
Lake Geneva in Europe

Lake Huron pn
Huron
the lake

Lake Michigan pn
Michigan
one of the five Great Lakes

Lake Ontario pn
Jezioro Ontario Ontario
the lake

Lake Superior pn
Jezioro Górne
the lake

Lake Victoria pn
Jezioro Wiktorii
African lake

Lalibela pn
Lalibela
town in Ethiopia

Lamb of God pn
Baranek Boży
Jesus, symbolized as a sacrifice

Lamentations pn
Lamentacje Jeremiasza
book of the Bible

Land of the Rising Sun pn
Kraj Wschodzącego Słońca
Japan

Langhian pn
lang
subdivision of the Miocene epoch

Languedoc pn
Langwedocja
French province

Lanivtsi pn
Łanowce
city

Lantern Festival /ˌlæn(t)ɚn ˈfɛstəv(ə)l/ /ˌlæntən ˈfɛstɪvl̩/ n
Święto Latarni
festival marking the end of the Chinese New Year period

Lao /laʊ/ /ˈlɑːoʊ/ adj
laotański
of, from, or pertaining to Laos, the people or their language

Lao /laʊ/ /ˈlɑːoʊ/ n
Laotanka Laotańczyk
person
laotański
language

Laocoön /leɪˈɒkoʊˌɒn/ /leɪˈɒkəˌwɒn/ /leɪˈɒkɵ.ɒn/ pn
Laokoon
Trojan or Argonaut

Laos /ˈlaʊ(s)/ /ˈlɑːoʊ(s)/ pn
Laos
country in Southeast Asia

Laotian /leɪˈoʊʃən/ /ˈlaʊʃən/ adj
laotański
of, from, or pertaining to Laos

Laotian /leɪˈoʊʃən/ /ˈlaʊʃən/ pn
laotański
language

Laplace operator n
laplasjan
mathematics, physics: differential operator used in modeling of wave propagation, heat flow and many other applications

Lapland pn
Laponia
region in Scandinavia

Lapland longspur n
poświerka zwyczajna
Calcarius lapponicus

Lapp adj
lapoński
from Lapland

Lapp n
Lapończyk Laponka
person

Lapp pn
lapoński
language

Laptev Sea pn
Morze Łaptiewów
part of the Arctic Ocean

Laputa /ləˈpjuːtə/ pn
Laputa
flying island

Large Magellanic Cloud pn
Wielki Obłok Magellana
largest satellite of Milky Way

Larkinism n
filozofia Larkina

Las Vegas /lɑs ˈveɪɡəs/ /lɒs ˈveɪɡəs/ pn
Las Vegas
city

Last Judgment pn
Sąd Ostateczny Dzień Sądu Sądny Dzień
judgment day

Last Supper pn
Ostatnia Wieczerza
last meal Jesus ate with disciples

Lateran pn
Lateran
church and palace in Rome

Latgale pn
Łatgalia
region of Latvia

Latin /ˈlæt.ɪn/ [ˈlæt.n̩] [ˈlæʔ.n̩] adj
latynoski
of/from Latin America
rzymski łaciński
of ancient Rome
łaciński język łaciński
of the language
łaciński rzymski
of the script

Latin /ˈlæt.ɪn/ [ˈlæt.n̩] [ˈlæʔ.n̩] pn
łacina język łaciński łaciński
language of the ancient Romans

Latin America pn
Ameryka Łacińska
parts of the Americas which speak Spanish or Portuguese

Latin American adj
latynoamerykański
Of or relating to Latin America

Latin American n
latynoamerykanin latynoamerykanka
A native or inhabitant of Latin America

Latin Church pn
Kościół łaciński
one of the particular churches

Latin alphabet n
alfabet łaciński łacinka
the 26-letter alphabet

Latin square n
kwadrat łaciński
an n-by-n arrangement of n different integers

Latinism n
latynizm
Latinism

Latinist n
latynista łacinnik
scholar who studies Latin

Latinity n
łacińskość
essence of being Latin

Latinization /ˌlæt.ɪ.naɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/ n
latynizacja
act or process of Latinizing

Latino /læˈtinoʊ/ /ləˈtinoʊ/ n
Latynos Latynoska
person from Latin America

Latvia /ˈlæt.vi.ə/ /ˈlɑːt.vi.ə/ pn
Łotwa
country

Latvian /ˈlætvi.ən/ /ˈlɑːtvi.ən/ adj
łotewski
pertaining to Latvia or the Latvian language

Latvian /ˈlætvi.ən/ /ˈlɑːtvi.ən/ n
Łotysz Łotyszka
person from Latvia
łotewski
Baltic language of Latvia

Latvian SSR pn
Łotewska SRR
Soviet republic

Lauenburg pn
Lębork
city in Pomerania

Laura /ˈlɔɹə/ /ˈlɔːɹə/ pn
Laura
female given name

Laurence /ˈlɑɹəns/ /ˈlɒ.ɹəns/ /ˈlɔɹəns/ pn
Wawrzyniec Laurencjusz Laurenty
male given name

Lazarus /ˈlæzəɹəs/ pn
Łazarz
New Testament characters

Lazio pn
Lacjum
Italian region

Le Chatelier's principle pn
reguła przekory
chemical principle

Le Havre /lə ˈhɑː(ɹ)v/ /lə ˈhɑːvɹə/ pn
Hawr
city

LePenism n
lepenizm
support of Jean-Marie Le Pen

League of Nations pn
Liga Narodów
international organization

Leaning Tower of Pisa pn
Krzywa Wieża w Pizie
the leaning bell tower in the Italian town of Pisa

Lebanese /lɛ.bəˈniːz/ adj
libański
of, from, or pertaining to Lebanon, its people or language

Lebanese /lɛ.bəˈniːz/ n
Libańczyk Libanka
A person from Lebanon

Lebanese Republic pn
Republika Libańska
official name of Lebanon

Lebanon /-ɒn/ /ˈlɛbənɑn/ /ˈlɛbənɔn/ /ˈlɛbənən/ pn
Liban
Lebanese Republic
mountain range

Lebedyn pn
Łebedyn
city

Lecce /ˈlɛtʃeɪ/ pn
Lecce
city and province

Lecco pn
Lecco
province
town

Lechitic adj
lechicki
related to the Polish language group

Legnica pn
Legnica
city

Leiden /ˈlaɪdən/ /ˈleɪdən/ pn
Lejda
city in South Holland

Leipzig /ˈlaɪp.sɪk/ /ˈlaɪp.sɪɡ/ /ˈlaɪp.tsɪk/ /ˈlaɪp.zɪɡ/ pn
Lipsk
city in Saxony, Germany

Leitha pn
Litawa
river in Austria

Lena pn
Lena
river in Russia
female given name

Lenin pn
Lenin
a Russian revolutionary and politician

Leningrad /ˈlɛn.ənˌɡræd/ /ˈlɛn.ənˌɡrɑd/ /ˈlɛn.ɪnˌɡræd/ /ˈlɛn.ɪnˌɡrɑd/ pn
Leningrad
name of Saint Petersburg, 1924-1991
Obwód leningradzki
Leningrad oblast

Leninism /lɛnɪnɪzm̩/ n
leninizm
political philosophy

Leninist /ˈlɛnənɪst/ /ˈlɛnɪnɪst/ adj
leninowski
of or relating to Lenin

Leninist /ˈlɛnənɪst/ /ˈlɛnɪnɪst/ n
leninista leninowiec
an adherent of Lenin or Leninism

Lent /lɛnt/ n
Wielki Post
Christian period of penitence before Easter

Lenten /ˈlɛntən/ adj
wielkopostny
pertaining to Lent

Lentvaris pn
Landwarów

Leo /ˈliːoʊ/ /ˈliːəʊ/ pn
Lew
constellation
astrological sign
Lew Leon
male given name

Leo Minor pn
Mały Lew
spring constellation of the northern sky

Leona pn
Leonia
female given name

Leonard /ˈlɛnɚd/ pn
Leonard
male given name

Leonardeschi /lənɑɹˈdɛʃi/ /ˌli.ənɑɹˈdɛski/ /ˌli.ənɑɹˈdɛʃi/ /ˌlɪ.ənɑːˈdɛskɪ/ /ˌlɪ.ənɑːˈdɛʃɪ/ n
leonardianie
group of artists who worked in the studio of, or under the influence of, Leonardo da Vinci

Leopold /ˈliːəpoʊld/ /ˈliːəpəʊld/ /ˈlɛpəld/ pn
Leopold
male given name

Lepus pn
Zając
winter constellation of the northern sky

Lesbos /ˈlɛz.bɒs/ pn
Lesbos
island

Lesothan adj
lesotyjski sotyjski
of, from, or pertaining to Lesotho

Lesothan n
Lesotyjczyk Lesotyjka Sotyjczyk Sotyjka
person

Lesotho /ləˈsuːtuː/ pn
Lesotho Lesoto
country in Southern Africa

Lesser Poland pn
Małopolska
a historical region of Poland

Lesser Poland Voivodeship pn
województwo małopolskie
Lesser Poland Voivodeship

Let's Player n
zagrajmer zagrajmerka
one who makes Let’s Plays

Leto pn
Leto
mother of Apollo

Levant /ləˈvænt/ /ləˈvɑnt/ /lɛvɑnt/ /ˈlɛv.ənt/ pn
Lewant
the countries bordering the eastern Mediterranean Sea

Levi /ˈliː.vaɪ/ pn
Lewi
third son of Jacob
male given name
one of the Israelite tribes

Levite /ˈliː.vaɪt/ n
lewita
member of the Hebrew tribe of Levi

Leviticus /ləˈvɪtɪkəs/ pn
Księga Kapłańska
the book of the Bible and Torah

Leyden jar /ˈlaɪdən ˌdʒɑɹ/ n
butelka lejdejska
glass jar used to accumulate static electricity

Lezgi n
Lezgin Lezginka
member of an ethnic group

Lhasa /ˈlɑːsə/ pn
Lhasa
Capital of Tibet

Lhotecký Šefel pn
Machowski Szczyt
693m hill near Machovská Lhota in Czechia

Liberec pn
Liberec
city in the Czech Republic

Liberia /laɪˈbɪəɹ.i.ə/ /laɪˈbɪɹ.i.ə/ pn
Liberia
country in Western Africa

Liberian adj
liberyjski
pertaining to Liberia

Liberian n
Liberyjczyk Liberyjka
A person from Liberia

Libra /ˈliːbɹə/ pn
Waga
astrological sign
constellation

Libya /ˈlɪbi.ə/ pn
Libia
country in Northern Africa

Libyan /ˈlɪbi.ən/ adj
libijski
Of, from, or pertaining to Libya, the Libyan people or the Libyan language

Libyan /ˈlɪbi.ən/ n
Libijczyk Libijka
person

Liechtenstein /ˈlɪk.tən.staɪn/ pn
Liechtenstein
Principality of Liechtenstein

Liechtensteiner n
Liechtensteińczyk
A person from Liechtenstein or of Liechtenstein descent

Liepāja pn
Lipawa
city in Latvia

Liguria /lɪˈɡjʊəɹiə/ /lɪˈɡjʊɹiə/ pn
Liguria
region

Lilith pn
Lilit Lilith
mythological demon

Lille /lil/ /liːl/ pn
Lille
city in France

Lilongwe /ləˈlɑŋwi/ /lɪˈlɒŋw(e)ɪ/ /lɪˈlɔŋweɪ/ pn
Lilongwe
capital of Malawi

Lima /ˈlaɪmə/ /ˈliːmə/ pn
Lima
the capital city of Peru

Limassol pn
Limassol
port of Cyprus

Limburg /lɪmbɜːrɡ/ /lɪmbɜːɡ/ /lɪmbɝːɡ/ pn
Limburgia
province of the Netherlands or Belgium

Limburgish pn
limburski
the Germanic language

Limerick /ˈlɪm(ə)ɹɪk/ pn
Limerick
county
town

Linear B pn
linearne B
syllabary used to write Mycenaean Greek

Lingala /lɪŋˈɡɑːlə/ pn
lingala
Bantu language

Linus /ˈlaɪnəs/ pn
Linus
male given name

Linux /ˈlɪnəks/ /ˈlɪnʊks/ pn
Linux
operating system

Linuxer n
linuksiarz linuksowiec

Lion of Judah pn
Lew Judy
Jewish cultural symbol

Lionheart pn
Lwie Serce
nickname of Richard I of England

Lipetsk pn
Lipieck
city in Russia

Lisbon /ˈlɪzbən/ pn
Lizbona
capital city of Portugal

Lisboner adj
lizboński
from Lisbon

Lisboner n
lizbonka lizbończyk
someone from Lisbon

Lithuania /ˌlɪð.juˈeɪ.ni.ə/ /ˌlɪθ.juˈeɪ.ni.ə/ /ˌlɪθ.uˈeɪ.ni.ə/ /ˌlɪθˈweɪ.ni.ə/ pn
Litwa
country

Lithuania Minor pn
Litwa Mniejsza Litwa Pruska
Lithuania Minor

Lithuanian /ˌlɪð.juˈeɪ.ni.ən/ /ˌlɪθ.juˈeɪ.ni.ən/ /ˌlɪθ.uˈeɪ.ni.ən/ /ˌlɪθˈweɪ.ni.ən/ adj
litewski
of or relating to Lithuania

Lithuanian /ˌlɪð.juˈeɪ.ni.ən/ /ˌlɪθ.juˈeɪ.ni.ən/ /ˌlɪθ.uˈeɪ.ni.ən/ /ˌlɪθˈweɪ.ni.ən/ n
Litwin Litwinka
person from Lithuania
litewski
language

Lithuanianness n
litewszczyzna
quality

Lithuanization n
lituanizacja
assimilation into Lithuanian culture; making something Lithuanian

Little Dipper pn
Mały Wóz
bright circumpolar asterism

Little Red Riding Hood /ˈlɪtl̩ ɹɛd ɹaɪ.dɪŋ hʊd/ pn
Czerwony Kapturek
a folktale
the main character in this story

Little Russia pn
Małorosja Małoruś
a historical area

Liturgy of the Hours n
liturgia godzin
liturgy for daily use at each of the canonical hours

Liuboml pn
Luboml
city

Liubotyn pn
Lubotyn
city

Liverpool /ˈlɪvə(ɹ)ˌpuːl/ pn
Liverpool
Liverpool, England
NY, Canada or Australia

Liverpudlian adj
liverpoolski
of or relating to Liverpool in England

Liverpudlian n
liverpoolczyk liverpoolka
a native or resident of Liverpool in England
someone connected with Liverpool FC

Livonia /lɪˈvoʊniə/ pn
Inflanty Liwonia
historical region

Livonian adj
liwski liwijski
pertaining to Livonia or Livonians

Livonian n
Liw Liwijka
person

Livonian pn
liwski liwijski
language

Liège pn
Liège
province in Belgium

Ljubljana /ˌl(j)ʊbliˈɑːnə/ pn
Lublana
capital city of Slovenia

Ljubljanan adj
lublański
of, from or pertaining to Ljubljana

Ljubljanan n
lublanka lublańczyk
someone from Ljubljana

Local Supercluster /ˌloʊkl̩ ˈsupɚˌklʌstɚ/ pn
Supergromada Lokalna
Supercluster that includes the Milky Way

Lochkovian pn
Lochkow

Lodz /lɒdz/ /wuːt͡ʃ/ pn
Łódź
city in Poland

Lodz Voivodeship pn
województwo łódzkie
Lodz Voivodeship

Loire /ləˈwɑː(ɹ)/ /ˈlwɑː(ɹ)/ pn
Loara
department
river

Lojban /ˈloʊʒbæn/ /ˈloʊʒbɑːn/ /ˈlɒʒbæn/ pn
lojban Lożban
artificial logical language based on Loglan

Lokhvytsia pn
Łochwica
city

Lom n
Lomowie
ethnic group

Lombardic /lɒmˈbɑː(ɹ)dɪk/ adj
longobardzki
related to the Lombards

Lombardic /lɒmˈbɑː(ɹ)dɪk/ pn
longobardzki
the language of the Lombards

Lombardy /ˈlɑmbəɹdi/ /ˈlɒmbədi/ pn
Lombardia
region in northern Italy

London /ˈlʌ.nən/ /ˈlʌn.dən/ pn
London Londyn
in Canada
Londyn
in the United Kingdom
londyński
of, from or pertaining to London in the UK

London Underground pn
metro w Londynie
the London underground

Londoner /ˈlʌn.dən.ə(ɹ)/ n
londyńczyk londynka
person from or inhabitant of London

Londonish adj
londyński
of or from London

Longyearbyen pn
Longyearbyen
settlement

Lopingian pn
loping
Lopingian epoch

Lord /lɔɹd/ /lɔːd/ pn
Pan
God
Jesus

Lord willing and the creek don't rise phraseologicalUnit
jak Bóg pozwoli
phrase

Lord's Day n
Dzień Pański
Lord's Day

Lord's Prayer pn
Ojcze nasz Modlitwa Pańska
the prayer taught by Jesus Christ to his disciples

Lorraine /lɔˈɹeɪn/ /ləˈɹeɪn/ pn
Lotaryngia
former region in Grand Est, France

Lothario /loʊˈθɛəɹioʊ/ n
casanova uwodziciel
seducer

Louis /ˈlu.əs/ /ˈlu.ɪs/ /ˈluː.i/ /ˈlʉ.əs/ /ˈlʉː.i/ pn
Ludwik
male given name

Louise /luːˈiːz/ /ləˈwiːz/ pn
Luiza
feminine form of Louis

Louisiana /luːˌiːziˈænə/ /ləˌwiːziˈænə/ /ˌluːziˈænə/ pn
Luizjana
US state

Lourdes /lʊəd(z)/ /lʊɹd(z)/ pn
Lourdes
a town in the Pyrenees

Louvain pn
Lowanium
Belgian city

Louvre /ˈluːv(ɹə)/ /ˈluːvə(ɹ)/ pn
Luwr
an art museum in France

Lovecraftian /lʌvˈkɹæfti.ən/ adj
lovecraftowski
of, pertaining to, or emulating the style or works of author H. P. Lovecraft (1890-1937)

Low Countries pn
Niderlandy
countries around the Rhine, Scheldt and Meuse rivers

Low German n
dolnoniemiecki
West Germanic language

Low Saxon pn
dolnosaksoński
language or dialect group

Lower Austria pn
Dolna Austria
the northeasternmost state of Austria

Lower Canada /ˈloʊɚ ˈkænədə/ pn
Dolna Kanada
Former colony

Lower Saxony pn
Dolna Saksonia
state of Germany

Lower Silesian n
dolnośląski
language

Lower Silesian Voivodeship pn
województwo dolnośląskie
Lower Silesian Voivodeship

Lower Sorbian pn
dolnołużycki
a Slavic language spoken in part of Brandenburg

Lozova pn
Łozowa
city

Ltd. n
sp. z o.o.

Lublin pn
Lublin
city in Poland

Lublin Voivodeship pn
województwo lubelskie
Lublin Voivodeship

Lubny pn
Łubnie
city

Lubusz Voivodeship pn
województwo lubuskie
Lubusz Voivodeship

Lucca pn
Lukka
city
province

Lucerne pn
Lucerna
canton
city

Lucian /ˈljuː-/ /ˈluː.sɪən/ /ˈluː.ʃən/ pn
Lucjan
male given name
Lukian Lukianusz
sophist of Syrian origin

Lucifer /ˈluːsɪfə/ pn
Lucyfer
figure mentioned in Isaiah 14:12

Lucius /ˈluːsɪəs/ /ˈluːʃəs/ pn
Lucjusz Łucjusz
male given name

Lucretius pn
Lukrecjusz
Roman poet and philosopher
male given name

Lucy /ˈluːsi/ pn
Łucja
female given name

Ludfordian pn
Ludford

Ludo n
chińczyk
board game

Luhansk /luːˈhænsk/ /luːˈhɑːnsk/ pn
Obwód ługański
oblast
Ługańsk
city

Luhansk People's Republic pn
Ługańska Republika Ludowa
secessionist state in Luhansk Oblast, Ukraine

Lukashenko pn
Łukaszenka Łukaszenko
surname

Luke /luːk/ pn
Ewangelia Łukasza Łukasz
gospel of Luke
Łukasz
given name
evangelist
Łuke
village in North Macedonia

Lunarian n
Selenita Selenitka
imaginary inhabitant of the Moon

Lupus /ˈluːpəs/ pn
Wilk
summer constellation of the northern sky

Lusail pn
Lusajl
Lusail, Al Daayen, Qatar

Lusatia /luˈseɪʃə/ pn
Łużyce
region

Lusatian /luːˈseɪʃən/ adj
łużycki
of or pertaining to Lusatia or the Lusatians

Lusatian Neisse pn
Nysa Łużycka
river

Lusitania /lu.sɪˈteɪ.ni.ə/ /luː.sɪˈteɪ.nɪə/ pn
Luzytania
ancient Roman province

Lusitanian adj
luzytański
of or pertaining to ancient Roman province of Lusitania

Lusophone /ˈlusəˌfoʊn/ /ˈluːsəˌfəʊn/ adj
portugalskojęzyczny
of a person, Portuguese-speaking

Lutetian /luːˈtiːʃən/ pn
Lutet

Luther /ˈluːθə/ /ˈluθɚ/ pn
Luter
Martin Luther

Lutheran /ˈluːθəɹ(ə)n/ /ˈluːθɹ(ə)n/ /ˈluθəɹən/ /ˈluθɹən/ adj
luterański
pertaining to the theology of Martin Luther or his followers, or the Lutheran church

Lutheran /ˈluːθəɹ(ə)n/ /ˈluːθɹ(ə)n/ /ˈluθəɹən/ /ˈluθɹən/ n
luteranin luteranka
member of any Christian church identifying with the theology of Martin Luther

Lutheranism n
luteranizm
branch of Christianity developed by Martin Luther

Lutsk pn
Łuck
city

Lutuhyne pn
Łutuhyne
city

Luwian /ˈluːi.ən/ /ˈluːwi.ən/ pn
luwijski
language

Luxembourg /ˈlʌk.səm.bɜːɡ/ /ˈlʌk.səm.bɝɡ/ pn
Luksemburg
country
capital city
canton in Luxembourg
Luksemburg Luksemburgia
province in Belgium

Luxembourger n
Luksemburczyk Luksemburka
person from Luxembourg

Luxembourgish /ˈlʌksəmˌbɜːɡɪʃ/ /ˈlʌksəmˌbɝɡɪʃ/ adj
luksemburski
of, from, or pertaining to Luxembourg or its people

Luzon /ˈluˌzɔn/ pn
Luzon
largest island of the Philippines

Lviv /ləˈviːv/ pn
Lwów
city in western Ukraine
Obwód lwowski
oblast

Lyakhavichy pn
Lachowicze
A city in Belarus

Lycia /ˈlɪsi.ə/ /ˈlɪʃi.ə/ /ˈlɪʃə/ pn
Licja
ancient region

Lycian /ˈlɪ.si.ən/ /ˈlɪ.sɪ.ən/ /ˈlɪ.ʃi.ən/ /ˈlɪ.ʃən/ /ˈlɪ.ʃɪ.ən/ adj
licyjski
relating to Lycia

Lycian /ˈlɪ.si.ən/ /ˈlɪ.sɪ.ən/ /ˈlɪ.ʃi.ən/ /ˈlɪ.ʃən/ /ˈlɪ.ʃɪ.ən/ n
Licyjczyk Licyjka
native of Lycia

Lycian /ˈlɪ.si.ən/ /ˈlɪ.sɪ.ən/ /ˈlɪ.ʃi.ən/ /ˈlɪ.ʃən/ /ˈlɪ.ʃɪ.ən/ pn
licyjski
language

Lydia /ˈlɪ.di.ə/ pn
Lidia
biblical woman
historical region
Lidia Lidka
female given name

Lydian /ˈlɪ.di.ən/ /ˈlɪ.dɪ.ən/ adj
lidyjski
pertaining to Lydia

Lydian /ˈlɪ.di.ən/ /ˈlɪ.dɪ.ən/ n
Lidyjczyk Lidyjka
native or inhabitant of Lydia

Lydian /ˈlɪ.di.ən/ /ˈlɪ.dɪ.ən/ pn
lidyjski
language

Lyman /liˈmɑn/ /lɪˈmɑn/ /ˈlaɪ.mən/ pn
Łyman
city in Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine

Lyme disease n
borelioza choroba z Lyme
infection by bacteria of the genus Borrelia

Lynchian adj
Lynczowski
of or pertaining to David Lynch

Lynx /lɪŋks/ pn
Ryś
constellation

Lyon pn
Lyon
city in France

Lypovets pn
Lipowiec
city

Lyra /ˈlaɪ.ɹə/ /ˈlɪ(ə)ɹ.ə/ pn
Lutnia
constellation

Lysychansk pn
Lisiczańsk
city

Lyubavichi pn
Lubawicze
village in the Rudnyansky District of the Smolensk Oblast of Russia

Löwchen n
lwi piesek
Löwchen

Lübeck pn
Lubeka
city

M. /ɛm/ n
wz.
abbreviation of model

MANPADS n
ppzr

MEP n
eurodeputowana eurodeputowany europarlamentarzysta europarlamentarzystka europoseł europosłanka
Member of the European Parliament

MFA n
magister sztuk pięknych
Master of Fine Arts

MILF /mɪlf/ n
MILF
woman

MP3 pn
MP3
MPEG-1 Audio Layer 3

MP3 player n
empetrójka odtwarzacz MP3
electronic device for playing digital audio files in the MP3 format

MP4 n
MP4
short for MPEG-4 Part 14

MRSA /ˈmɝsə/ /ˈɛm.ɑɹ.ɛs.eɪ/ /ˈɛm.ɑːɹ.ɛs.eɪ/ n
MRSA
initialism or acronym for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Maastricht /ˈmɑːstrɪkt/ pn
Maastricht
capital city of the Dutch province of Limburg

MacBook n
MacBook
device

Macarius pn
Makary

Macaronesia /ˌmakəɹəˈniːʒə/ pn
Makaronezja
islands in the North Atlantic

Macau /məˈkaʊ/ pn
Makau Macao
a city just west of Hong Kong

Macbeth /məkˈbɛθ/ pn
Makbet
11th-century king of Scotland
a Shakespeare play
the main character of the Shakespeare play Macbeth

Maccabee /ˈmæ.kəˌbi/ n
Machabeusz
Maccabee

Macedonia /ˌmæs.əˈdoʊ.ni.ə/ /ˌmæs.əˈdoʊn.jə/ /ˌmæs.əˈdəʊ.nɪ.ə/ pn
Macedonia
Republic of North Macedonia
ancient kingdom
region of northern Greece

Macedonian /mæsəˈdəʊnɪən/ adj
macedoński
of Macedonia or its people or language

Macedonian /mæsəˈdəʊnɪən/ n
Macedończyk Macedonka
person from Macedonia
macedoński
Slavic language of Macedonia

Macerata pn
Macerata
province
town

Machiavellianism n
makiawelizm
philosophy
ruthless, duplicitous behavior

Machmeter n
machometr
an instrument that measures the speed of an aircraft relative to that of sound and displays it in Mach numbers

Machovská Lhota pn
Machovská Lhota
village in Machov, Náchod, Hradec Králové, Czechia

Machów /ˈmaxuːf/ pn
Machów
former village, current district of Tarnobrzeg, in Subcarpathia, Poland
village in Wilków, Opole Lubelskie, Lublin, Poland

Macintosh n
Macintosh
Apple Macintosh

Madagascar /-ɑː/ /madəˈɡaskə/ /mædəˈɡæskɑɹ/ pn
Madagaskar
country in Southern Africa

Madagascar jacana n
długoszpon madagaskarski
Actophilornis albinucha

Madeira /məˈdɪəɹ.ə/ pn
Madera
island and autonomous region

Madonna /məˈdɒnə/ pn
Madonna
Mary, mother of Jesus

Madras /məˈdɹæs/ /məˈdɹɑːs/ pn
Madras
city

Madrid /məˈdɹɪd/ /ˈmædrɪd/ /ˈmædɹɪd/ pn
Madryt
capital of Spain

Madrilenian adj
madrycki
of Madrid

Madurese pn
madurski
language

Mafioso n
mafioso mafios mafioz mafiozo
member of the mafia

Magdalene /ˈmæɡdəlin/ /ˈmɔːdlɪn/ pn
Magdalena
female given name

Magdeburg /ˈmaɡdəbɜːɡ/ /ˈmæɡdəbɝɡ/ pn
Magdeburg
capital of Saxony-Anhalt, Germany

Magellan /məˈd͡ʒɛlən/ /məˈɡɛlən/ pn
Magellan
surname

Magellanic Cloud n
Obłok Magellana
galaxy

Maggie /ˈmæɡi/ pn
Gosia Marzena Małgosia
female given name

Maghrebi adj
maghrebski
of or relating to the Maghreb

Magna Carta /ˌmæɡnə ˈkɑːtə/ /ˌmæɡnə ˈkɑːɹtə/ [-ɾə] pn
Magna Charta Libertatum
charter granted by King John to the barons at Runnymede in 1215

Magna Graecia pn
Wielka Grecja
Ancient Greek colonies in Italy and Sicily

Maiden's Tower pn
Wieża Leandra Wieża Panny
a tower located in the Bosphorus

Main pn
Men
river in southern Germany

Maine /meɪn/ /mɛn/ pn
Maine
US State
former province in France

Mainz /maɪn(t)s/ /maɪnts/ pn
Moguncja
the state capital of Rhineland-Palatinate

Majesty /ˈmæd͡ʒ.ə.sti/ /ˈmæd͡ʒ.ɪ.sti/ pronoun
wysokość
term of address for royalty and imperiality

Majorca /məˈd͡ʒɔɹ.kə/ /məˈd͡ʒɔː.kə/ /məˈjɔɹ.kə/ /məˈjɔː.kə/ pn
Majorka
island

Makassar pn
Makasar
city in Indonesia

Makhachkala pn
Machaczkała
capital of Dagestan, Russia

Makiyivka /mɑːˈkiːɪvkə/ pn
Makiejewka
city

Mala Vyska pn
Mała Wyska
city

Malachi /ˈmæləkaɪ/ pn
Księga Malachiasza Malachiasz
book of the Bible
Malachiasz
male given name
Malachiasz Księga Malachiasza
minor prophet

Malawi /mɑːˈlɑːwi/ /məˈlɑːwi/ pn
Malawi
Republic of Malawi

Malawian adj
malawijski
Of, from, or pertaining to Malawi or the Malawian people

Malawian n
Malawijczyk Malawijka
A person from Malawi or of Malawian descent

Malay /meɪˈleɪ/ /məˈleɪ/ /ˈmeɪleɪ/ adj
malajski
of the Malay people
in, of or otherwise pertaining to the Malay language
of or pertaining to Malaysia

Malay /meɪˈleɪ/ /məˈleɪ/ /ˈmeɪleɪ/ n
Malaj Malajka
Malay person

Malay /meɪˈleɪ/ /məˈleɪ/ /ˈmeɪleɪ/ pn
malajski
the Malay language

Malay Archipelago pn
Archipelag Malajski
archipelago

Malay Peninsula pn
Półwysep Malajski
peninsula in Southeast Asia

Malayalam /mæləˈjɑːləm/ /ˌmɑː.ləˈjɑː.ləm/ pn
malajalam
language

Malaysia /məlejsiə/ /məlejʃə/ /məˈleɪziə/ /məˈleɪʒə/ pn
Malezja
country in Southeast Asia

Malaysian /məˈleɪ.zi.ən/ /məˈleɪ.ʒən/ adj
malezyjski
Pertaining to Malaysia

Malaysian /məˈleɪ.zi.ən/ /məˈleɪ.ʒən/ n
Malezyjczyk Malezyjka
a native of Malaysia

Maldives /ˈmæl.daɪvz/ /ˈmɑl.daɪvz/ /ˈmɒl.diːvz/ /ˈmɔl.daɪvz/ /ˈmɔːl.daɪvz/ /ˈmɔːl.diːvz/ pn
Malediwy
country in South Asia

Mali /ˈmɑːli/ pn
Mali
a country in Western Africa

Malian adj
malijski
Of, from, or pertaining to Mali or the Malian people

Malian n
Malijczyk Malijka
A person from Mali or of Malian descent

Malmö /ˈmalməʊ/ /ˈmɑlmoʊ/ /ˈmɑlmʊ/ /ˈmɑːlməʊ/ /ˈmɑːlmɜː/ pn
Malmö
city in Sweden

Malta /ˈmɑl.tə/ /ˈmɔl.tə/ /ˈmɔːl.tə/ pn
Malta
republic
island

Maltese /mɑlˈtiz/ /mɒlˈtiːz/ /mɔːlˈtiːz/ adj
maltański
pertaining to Malta or its language

Maltese /mɑlˈtiz/ /mɒlˈtiːz/ /mɔːlˈtiːz/ n
(język) maltański maltański
language of Malta
Maltańczyk Maltanka
inhabitant of Malta
maltańczyk
breed of dog

Malthusian adj
maltuzjański
of, or relating to Malthus or his views

Malyn pn
Malin
city

Malé /ˈmɑːleɪ/ /ˈmɑːlɛ/ pn
Male
capital of the Maldives

Mamoudzou pn
Mamoudzou
capital city of Mayotte

Man pn
człowiek
genus Homo

Manama /məˈnɑːmə/ pn
Manama
the capital city of Bahrain

Manasseh /məˈnæ.sə/ pn
Manasses
the elder son of Joseph

Manchester /mæn.ˈt͡ʃɛs.tə(ɹ)/ /ˈman.t͡ʃɪs.tə/ /ˈmæn.t͡ʃɛs.tɚ/ /ˈmæn.t͡ʃɪs.tə(ɹ)/ pn
Manchester
major city in the north-west of England

Manchu /ˌmænˈt͡ʃuː/ adj
mandżurski
Manchurian, referring to the Manchu language
Manchurian, referring to the Manchu(rian) people

Manchu /ˌmænˈt͡ʃuː/ n
Mandżur Mandżurka
member of the people

Manchu /ˌmænˈt͡ʃuː/ pn
mandżurski
language

Manchuria /mænˈt͡ʃʊəɹiə/ pn
Mandżuria
historical region in Northeast Asia

Manchurian /mænˈt͡ʃʊəɹiən/ n
mandżurski
inhabitant of Manchuria

Mandaean /mænˈdiː.ən/ n
mandaita
a believer in, or follower of, Mandaeism

Mandaeism /ˈmæn.deɪ.ɪ.zəm/ pn
mandaizm mandeizm
a monotheistic religion of the Iraq region

Mandalay /ˌmæn.dəˈleɪ/ pn
Mandalaj
city in Burma

Mandarin /mæn.də.ˈɹɪn/ /ˈmæn.də.ɹɪn/ n
mandaryński
Standard Mandarin

Mangalica /mɑŋɡəˈliːtsə/ n
mangalica
domestic pig of a Hungarian breed

Mangalore pn
Mangalore
city in western India

Manila /məˈnɪl.ə/ pn
Manila
capital of the Philippines

Manila hemp n
abaka manila
the fibre of the abaca

Manitoba /ˌmæn.ɪˈtəʊ.bə/ /ˌmænɪˈtoʊbə/ pn
Manitoba
Province in western Canada

Manjuristics /ˌmæn.d͡ʒə.ˈɹɪs.tɪks/ n
mandżurystyka
the study of the Manchu language

Mansi /ˈmænsi/ /ˈmɑːnsi/ n
Mans Mansyjka
person

Mansi /ˈmænsi/ /ˈmɑːnsi/ pn
mansyjski
Finno-Ugric language

Mantua /ˈmæn.t(j)u.ə/ /ˈmæn.ə.weɪ/ pn
Mantua
city
province

Manx /mæŋks/ n
manx
cat of the Manx breed (these are translations of the word alone; for translations of the phrase "Manx cat", see Manx cat)

Manx /mæŋks/ pn
manx
a Goidelic language spoken on the Isle of Man

Manx cat /mæŋks kæt/ n
manx
mammal

Maoism /ˈmaʊɪzəm/ n
maoizm
philosophy espoused by Mao Zedong

Maoist adj
maoistowski
of Maoism

Maoist n
maoista maoistka
Maoist advocate

Maori /ˈmaʊɹi/ /ˈmæʊɹiː/ /ˈmɐʉɹiː/ [ˈmɑːɔɾi] adj
maoryski
of, from, or pertaining to the Māori

Maori /ˈmaʊɹi/ /ˈmæʊɹiː/ /ˈmɐʉɹiː/ [ˈmɑːɔɾi] n
Maorys Maoryska
member of the Maori people of New Zealand
Maorysi
indigenous people of New Zealand
maoryski
language of the Māori

Marathi /məˈɹɑːti/ n
marathi
language of Maharashtra

Marcel /mɑɹˈsɛl/ /mɑːˈsɛl/ pn
Marcel Marceli
male given name

Marcellus pn
Marcel
male given name

March /mɑɹt͡ʃ/ /mɑːt͡ʃ/ pn
marzec
third month of the Gregorian calendar

March fly n
leniowaty
fly of the family Bibionidae

Marche pn
Marchia
region of central Italy

Marcionism /ˈmɑːsɪənɪz(ə)m/ /ˈmɑːʃənɪz(ə)m/ n
marcjonizm
early Christian teaching

Marfan syndrome n
zespół Marfana
genetic disorder

Margaret /-ət/ /ˈmɑɹɡəɹɪt/ /ˈmɑɹɡɹɪt/ /ˈmɑːɡəɹɪt/ /ˈmɑːɡɹɪt/ pn
Małgorzata
female given name

Marhanets pn
Marganiec
city

Mari El pn
Mari Eł
a republic of Russia

Marian /ˈme(ə)ɹiən/ /ˈmɛəɹiən/ /ˈmɛɹiən/ adj
maryjny
relating to Virgin Mary

Mariana Trench pn
Rów Mariański
trench in the North Pacific Ocean

Marianas pn
Mariany
archipelago in Micronesia

Mariehamn pn
Maarianhamina Mariehamn
city of Finland

Marijampolė pn
Mariampol

Marina /məˈɹiːnə/ pn
Maryna
female given name

Mario /ˈmaɹiəʊ/ /ˈmæɹioʊ/ /ˈmæɹiəʉ/ /ˈmɐːɹiəʉ/ /ˈmɑɹioʊ/ /ˈmɑːɹiəʊ/ /ˈmɛɹioʊ/ pn
Mariusz
the given name

Mariological adj
mariologiczny
Of or pertaining to Mariology

Mariology n
mariologia
The theological of the Mother of God

Mariupol /-pɑl/ /-pəl/ /meɹ.iˈuː.poʊl/ /mæɹ.iˈuː.poʊl/ /mæɹ.iˈuː.pɒl/ /mɑː.ɹiˈuː.poʊl/ /mɛɹ.iˈuː.poʊl/ /ˈmeɹ.iu-/ /ˈmæɹ.iu-/ /ˈmɛɹ.iu-/ pn
Mariupol
city

Mariupolitan adj
mariupolski

Mariupolitan n
mariupolanin mariupolanka

Marius pn
Mariusz
male given name

Mark /maːk/ /mɑɹk/ /mɑː(ɹ)k/ pn
Ewangelia Marka Marek
book of the Bible
Marek
male given name
Marek Margusz Markusz Merkusz
the Evangelist

Markov chain n
łańcuch Markowa
probability theory

Maronite /ˈmærəˌnaɪt/ adj
maronicki
of or pertaining to Saint Maron or the Maronite Church

Maronite /ˈmærəˌnaɪt/ n
maronita maronitka
member of the Maronite Church

Marrakech /məˈɹæ.kɛʃ/ /məˈɹɑ.kɛʃ/ /ˌmæɹ.əˈkɛʃ/ pn
Marrakesz
city in Morocco

Mars /ˈmɑɹz/ /ˈmɑːz/ pn
Mars
planet
god of war
brand of chocolate bar

Marseillais n
marsylczyk marsylianin
native or inhabitant of Marseille

Marseillaise /mɑː.seɪˈjɛz/ /mɑːɹseɪˈjɛz/ pn
Marsylianka
the French national anthem

Marseille soap n
mydło marsylskie
kind of hard soap

Marseilles /mɑː(ɹ)ˈseɪ/ /mɑː(ɹ)ˈseɪlz/ pn
Marsylia
city in southern France

Marshall Islands /ˈmaːʃəl ˈaɪləndz/ /ˈmɑɹ.ʃəl ˈaɪ.ləndz/ /ˈmɑː.ʃəl ˈaɪ.ləndz/ pn
Wyspy Marshalla
Republic of the Marshall Islands

Martha /ˈmɑɹθə/ /ˈmɑːθə/ pn
Marta
female given name

Martian /ˈmɑɹʃən/ /ˈmɑːʃən/ adj
marsjański
of or relating to the planet Mars

Martian /ˈmɑɹʃən/ /ˈmɑːʃən/ n
Marsjanin Marsjanka
inhabitant of the planet Mars

Martian /ˈmɑɹʃən/ /ˈmɑːʃən/ pn
marsjański
hypothetical language spoken on Mars

Martin /ˈmɑɹ.tn̩/ /ˈmɑː.tɪn/ pn
Marcin
given name

Martina /mɑɹˈtinə/ pn
Martyna
female given name

Martinique /ˌmɑː(ɹ)tɪˈniːk/ pn
Martynika
Island and, overseas department and region of France

Martinmas n
Dzień Świętego Marcina
St. Martin's Day

Marxism n
marksizm
ideology
philosophy

Marxist /ˈmɑːksɪst/ /ˈmɑːɹksɪst/ adj
marksistowski
following Marxism

Mary /ˈmeː.ɹi/ /ˈmɛə.ɹi/ /ˈmɛɚ.i/ /ˈmɛɹ.i/ pn
Maria Maryja
female given name
Maryja Maria
Mary, mother of Jesus

Mary Magdalene pn
Maria Magdalena
female disciple of Jesus

Maryinka pn
Marjinka
city

Maryland /ˈmæɹɪlənd/ /ˈmɛəɹɪlənd/ /ˈmɛɹələn/ /ˈmɛɹɪlənd/ pn
Maryland
US state

Mascarene Islands pn
Maskareny
islands

Masoretic /mæsəˈɹɛtɪk/ adj
masorecki
relating to the Masora or to its authors

Masovia /məˈzoʊ.vi.ə/ pn
Mazowsze
Region of Poland

Masovian adj
mazowiecki
of, or pertaining to, Masovia

Masovian n
Mazowszanin Mazowszanka
someone from Masovia

Masovian Voivodeship pn
województwo mazowieckie
Masovian Voivodeship

Mass /ˈmæs/ n
msza
Roman Catholic Church: the principal liturgical service
a musical composition set to portions of the Mass

Massachusetts /ˌmæsəˈtʃuːzɪts/ /ˌmæsəˈt͡ʃuːsɪts/ pn
Massachusetts
a state of the United States of America

Master of Arts n
magister
degree

Master of Science n
magister
a degree

Masuria pn
Mazury
an area in northeastern Poland

Masurian adj
mazurski
of, from, or pertaining to Masuria

Masurian n
Mazur Mazurka
someone from Masuria

Mathewson pn
Matejewicz
surname meaning "son of Matthew"

Matilda /məˈtɪldə/ pn
Matylda
female given name, cognates and transliterations

Matsuyama pn
Matsuyama
a city of Japan

Mattathias /ˌmætəˈθaɪ.əs/ pn
Matatiasz
all senses

Matthew /ˈmæθjuː/ pn
Mateusz
biblical disciple
Mateusz Ewangelia Mateusza Ewangelia według świętego Mateusza
gospel of Matthew
Mateusz Maciej
male given name

Matthias /məˈθaɪəs/ pn
Maciej
male given name
the Apostle replacing Judas

Mau Mau pn
makao
card game

Maundy Thursday pn
Wielki Czwartek
Thursday before Easter

Maurice /mɔˈɹis/ /məˈɹis/ /məˈɹiːs/ /ˈmɒɹɪs/ pn
Maurycy
male given name

Mauritania /ˌmɒɹɪˈteɪni.ə/ /ˌmɔːɹɪˈteɪni.ə/ pn
Mauretania
Islamic Republic of Mauritania

Mauritanian adj
mauretański
Mauritanian

Mauritanian n
Mauretanka Mauretańczyk
Mauritanian person

Mauritian adj
maurytyjski
of, from, or pertaining to Mauritius, its people, or their language or culture

Mauritian n
Maurytyjczyk Maurytyjka
person from Mauritius or of Mauritian descent

Mauritius /mɔːˈɹɪʃəs/ /məˈɹɪʃiəs/ /məˈɹɪʃəs/ pn
Mauritius
country
island

Mauser n
mauzer
firearm

Maximilian pn
Maksymilian
male given name

May /meɪ/ pn
maj
fifth month of the Gregorian calendar

May Day n
Święto Pracy
workers' holiday

Maya /ˈmaɪə/ pn
Maja
name

Maykop /maɪˈkɒp/ pn
Majkop
city in Russia

Mayotte /maɪˈɒt/ pn
Majotta
Territorial Collectivity of Mayotte

Mazar-i-Sharif pn
Mazar-i Szarif
city in Afghanistan

Mažeikiai pn
Możejki
city in Lithuania

McCarthyism pn
maccartyzm makkartyzm
intense opposition to Communism

McDonald's pn
McDonald's
fast-food restaurant

McDonaldization n
makdonaldyzacja
process by which institutions in society become standardized and focused on efficiency and predictability

Mecca /ˈmɛkə/ n
mekka
important place to visit by people with a particular interest

Mecca /ˈmɛkə/ pn
Mekka
city in Saudi Arabia

Mecklenburg pn
Meklemburgia
region of Germany

Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania pn
Meklemburgia-Pomorze Przednie
one of the component states of Germany

Mede n
Med Medyjczyk Medyjka
inhabitant of Media

Medea /məˈdiːə/ /mɪˈdiːə/ pn
Medea
enchantress in Greek mythology

Media /ˈmiːdɪə/ pn
Media
historical region in northwestern Iran
territories corresponding to the empire ruled by dynasts from Media

MediaWiki /ˈmiːdi.əˌwɪki/ pn
MediaWiki

Medina /məˈdinə/ pn
Medyna
city in Saudi Arabia

Mediterranean /ˌmɛdɪtəˈɹeɪnɪən/ [mɛdɪtəˈɹeɪnjən] [mɛɾəɾəˈɹeɪnɪən] adj
śródziemnomorski
Of or pertaining to the Mediterranean Sea and the region around it

Mediterranean Sea /ˌmɛ.də.təˈɹeɪ.ni.ən ˈsi/ /ˌmɛ.də.təˈɹeɪ.njən ˈsi/ /ˌmɛ.dɪ.təˈɹeɪ.nɪ.ən ˈsiː/ pn
Morze Śródziemne
sea between Europe and Africa

Mediterranean gull n
mewa czarnogłowa
Ichthyaetus melanocephalus

Medusa /məˈduːsə/ /mɪˈdjuːsə/ /mɪˈdjuːzə/ pn
Meduza
one of the Gorgons

Medvedev pn
Miedwiediew
transliteration of }}

Medyka pn
Medyka
Medyka, Poland

Megaera pn
Megajra Megiera
Greek goddess of vengeance

Meissen pn
Miśnia
city

Mekong /mɛˈkɔːŋ/ /ˈmikɔŋ/ pn
Mekong
river in Asia

Melanesia /ˌmɛl.əˈni.ʒə/ /ˌmɛl.əˈniː.zi.ə/ pn
Melanezja
part of Oceania

Melanesian adj
melanezyjski
referring to Melanesia

Melanesian n
Melanezyjczyk Melanezyjka
person living in or coming from Melanesia

Melanie pn
Melania
female given name

Melbourne /ˈmelbn̩/ /ˈmælbn̩/ /ˈmɛl.bɔːn/ /ˈmɛl.bən/ /ˈmɛl.bɚn/ pn
Melbourne
city in Australia

Melchior /ˈmɛl.ki.ɔː(ɹ)/ pn
Melchior
male given name
one of the Magi

Melchizedek /mɛlˈkɪzədɛk/ pn
Melchizedek
king and priest

Melitopol pn
Melitopol
city in Ukraine

Melkite /ˈmɛlkaɪt/ /ˈmɛlkʌɪt/ n
melchita melkita
(all senses)

Member of Parliament n
poseł deputowany deputowana parlamentarzysta parlamentarzystka posłanka
representative

Memnon pn
Memnon
Ethiopian king and warrior

Menelaus /ˌmɛn.ɪˈleɪ.əs/ pn
Menelaos
the king of Mycenaean Sparta

Mensa /ˈmɛnsə/ pn
Stół
constellation

Menshevik /ˈmɛnʃəvɪk/ n
mienszewik
member of a faction of the Russian revolutionary movement

Mephistophelean adj
mefistofeliczny
showing the cunning or ingenuity or wickedness typical of a devil

Mephistopheles /ˌmɛ.fɪˈstɒ.fɪ.liːz/ pn
Mefistofeles
Devil to whom Faust sold his soul

Mercedes /məˈseɪdiz/ /mɚˈseɪdiz/ n
Mercedes
short form of Mercedes Benz

Mercurian n
Merkurianin Merkurianka
someone from Mercury

Mercury /ˈmɜː(ɹ)kjʊɹi/ /ˈmɝk(ə)ɹi/ /ˈmɝkjəɹi/ pn
Merkury
Roman god
planet

Merefa pn
Merefa
city

Merlin /ˈmɜːlɪn/ /ˈmɝlɪn/ pn
Merlin
Wizard in Arthurian legend

Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year phraseologicalUnit
wesołych Świąt i szczęśliwego Nowego Roku!
traditional greeting for the Christmas and the new year

Meryl pn
Maryla
female given name

Mesolithic n
mezolit
Mesolithic period

Mesopotamia /mɛsəpəˈteɪmɪə/ pn
Mezopotamia
region between Euphrates and Tigris

Mesopotamian /mɛsəpəˈteɪmɪən/ adj
mezopotamski
of or pertaining to Mesopotamia

Mesozoic adj
mezozoiczny
of era from 230 to 65 milion years ago

Mesozoic pn
era mezozoiczna mezozoik
Mesozoic era

Messiah pn
Mesjasz
(Christianity) Jesus

Messidor /ˈmɛsɪdɔː/ /ˌmɛsɪˈdɔɹ/ pn
messidor
the tenth month of the French Republican Calendar

Messina /mɛˈsiːnə/ pn
Mesyna Messyna
city
province

Messinian pn
messyn

Methodism n
metodyzm
Methodist Christian movement founded by John Wesley

Methodist /ˈmɛθədɪst/ adj
metodystyczny
of or relating to Methodism

Methodist /ˈmɛθədɪst/ n
metodysta metodystka
a member of the Methodist Church

Methodius pn
Metody
male given name

Methuselah pn
Matuzalem Metuszelach
Biblical character

Meuse /mjuːz/ pn
Moza
river

Mexican /ˈmɛksək(ə)n/ /ˈmɛksɪk(ə)n/ adj
meksykański
of or pertaining to Mexico

Mexican /ˈmɛksək(ə)n/ /ˈmɛksɪk(ə)n/ n
Meksykanin Meksykanka
person from Mexico or of Mexican descent

Mexican chickadee n
sikora meksykańska
Poecile sclateri

Mexican wave n
meksykańska fala
A phenomenon at sports events

Mexican wolf n
wilk meksykański
rare subspecies of grey wolf

Mexicanness n
meksykańskość
quality of being Mexican

Mexico /ˈmɛ.hi.koʊ/ /ˈmɛ.hi.kəʊ/ /ˈmɛk.sɪ.koʊ/ /ˈmɛk.sɪ.kəʊ/ pn
Meksyk
country

Mexico City /ˈmɛk.sɪ.koʊ sɪɾi/ /ˈmɛk.sɪ.kəʊ sɪti/ pn
Meksyk
capital of Mexico

MiG n
mig
any of a series of Soviet and Russian fighter aircraft

Miami /maɪˈæmi/ /maɪˈæmə/ pn
Miami
city in Florida, United States

Micah /ˈmaɪkə/ pn
Księga Micheasza Micheasz
book of the Bible
Micheasz Księga Micheasza
Biblical character: Ephraimite featured in Judges 17–18
Biblical character: minor prophet and author
male given name

Michael /ˈmaɪkəl/ [ˈmɐɪ.kɫ̩] pn
Michał
male given name
Michał Święty Michał Archanioł
archangel

Michaela /mɪˈkeɪ.lə/ pn
Michalina
feminine form of Michael

Michelangelo /ˌmaɪkəlˈænd͡ʒəloʊ/ /ˌmaɪkəlˈænd͡ʒɪloʊ/ pn
Michał Anioł
Italian artist

Michigan /ˈmɪʃɪɡən/ pn
Michigan
US state

Mickey D's pn
Mak

Mickey Mouse pn
Myszka Miki
Disney character

Micronesia /ˌmaɪ.kɹoʊˈniː.zi.ə/ /ˌmaɪ.kɹoʊˈniː.ʒə/ /ˌmaɪ.kɹəʊˈniː.zi.ə/ /ˌmaɪ.kɹəʊˈniː.ʃə/ /ˌmaɪ.kɹəʊˈniː.ʒə/ /ˌmaɪkroʊˈniːʒə/ pn
Mikronezja
country
geographical region

Microscopium pn
Mikroskop
faint constellation of the southern spring sky

Microsoft /ˈmaɪkɹoʊˌsɑft/ /ˈmaɪkɹoʊˌsɔft/ /ˈmaɪkɹəˌsɑft/ /ˈmaɪkɹəˌsɒft/ /ˈmaɪkɹəˌsɔft/ pn
Microsoft
Transliterations and translations

Midas /ˈmaɪ.dəs/ pn
Midas
Greek mythology

Middle Ages /ˌmɪdl̩ ˈeɪdʒɪz/ pn
średniowiecze
historical period

Middle America pn
Ameryka Środkowa
geographical region

Middle East pn
Bliski Wschód Środkowy Wschód
region comprising Western Asia without the South Caucasus and additionally including all of Egypt and all of Turkey

Middle Eastern adj
bliskowschodni
of or relating to the Middle East

Middle English pn
średnioangielski
Middle English

Middle High German adj
średnio-wysoko-niemiecki
Middle High German

Middle Kingdom pn
Państwo Środka
nickname for China
Średnie Państwo
Egypt in the late 11th, 12th, and early 13th dynasties

Middle Persian pn
pahlawi średnioperski
ancestor of New Persian spoken from around 300 BC till about 800 AD, evolving from Old Persian

Middle Polish pn
średniopolski
historical form of the Polish language

Middle-earth pn
Śródziemie
fictional place on Earth where most of the stories of J. R. R. Tolkien are set

Midrash /ˈmɪdrɑːʃ/ n
midrasz
Rabbinic exegetical commentary
Rabbinic exegetical technique

Milan /mɪˈlæn/ /mɪˈlɑːn/ pn
Mediolan
city and capital
province
Milan
male given name

Milanese adj
mediolański
pertaining to Milan

Milanese n
mediolańczyk mediolanka
native or inhabitant of Milan

Mileikowsky pn
Milejkowski
surname

Miletus /maɪˈliːtəs/ pn
Milet
ancient Greek city

Milky Way pn
Droga Mleczna
galaxy
light in night sky

Miller /ˈmɪlɚ/ pn
Młynarska Młynarski
surname meaning "a miller"

Miltiades pn
Milcjades
given name

Minecraft /maɪn.kɹæft/ /maɪn.kɹɐːft/ /maɪn.kɹɑːft/ [ˈmaɪ̯ŋ.kɹæft] pn
Minecraft
the game Minecraft

Minecrafter /ˈmaɪnkɹɑːftə/ /ˈmaɪnˌkɹæftɚ/ n
gracz Minecrafta
person who plays the game Minecraft

Minecrafty adj
minecraftowy
characteristic of Minecraft

Minerva /mɪˈnɜː.və/ /mɪˈnɝ.və/ pn
Minerwa
goddess of wisdom, especially strategic warfare, and the arts

Miniature Pinscher n
ratler
Miniature Pinscher

Minnesota /ˌmɪnɪˈsoʊtə/ [ˌmɪnɪˈsoʊɾə] pn
Minnesota
a state of the United States of America

Minorca /mɪˈnɔː(ɹ)kə/ pn
Minorka
An island of Spain

Minsk /mɪnsk/ pn
Mińsk Mieńsk
capital of Belarus

Minsker n
mińszczanin mińszczanka
resident of Minsk

Miocene /ˈmaɪəsiːn/ adj
mioceński
of the Miocene epoch

Miocene /ˈmaɪəsiːn/ pn
miocen
Miocene epoch

Miranda warning n
ostrzeżenie Mirandy

Miskolc pn
Miszkolc
city in Hungary

Miss /mɪs/ /ˈmɪz/ n
panna
title

Mississippi /ˌmɪ.sɪˈsɪ.pi/ pn
Missisipi
river
state

Mississippian /ˌmɪ.sɪˈsɪ.pi.ən/ adj
missisipijski
of Mississippi

Mississippian /ˌmɪ.sɪˈsɪ.pi.ən/ pn
missisip mississip mississipp
geological epoch

Missouri /mə-/ /mɪˈzɔːɹi/ /mɪˈzɝ.i/ /mɪˈzɝ.ə/ /mɪˈzʊəɹi/ /mɪˈzʊɹ.i/ pn
Missouri
US state
river

Mithraic adj
mitraistyczny
of or relating to Mithraism

Mithraism pn
mitraizm
an ancient mystery cult

Mithraist n
mitraita
follower of Mithraism

Miusynsk pn
Miusynśk
city

Mladá Boleslav pn
Mladá Boleslav
city in the Czech republic

Mnemosyne /nɪˈmɒ.sɪ.ni/ /nɪˈmɒ.zɪ.ni/ pn
Mnemosyne
Titaness

Moab /ˈmoʊ.æb/ /ˈməʊ.æb/ pn
Moab

Moabite /ˈmoʊ.əˌbaɪt/ /ˈməʊ.əˌbaɪt/ n
Moabita Moabitka
person

Moabite /ˈmoʊ.əˌbaɪt/ /ˈməʊ.əˌbaɪt/ pn
moabicki
language

Mocha pn
Mokka
city in Yemen

Modena /ˈmoʊdɪnə/ /ˈmɒdɪnə/ pn
Modena
city
province

Modern Greek pn
nowogrecki
Modern Greek

Modern Monetary Theory pn
Nowoczesna teoria monetarna
Economic model

Modern Standard Arabic pn
fusha współczesny standardowy język arabski
Modern Standard Arabic

Moebius syndrome n
zespół Möbiusa
disorder

Mogadishu /-ˈdɪʃ-/ /ˌmoʊ.ɡəˈdi.ʃu/ /ˌmɒɡəˈdiːʃuː/ pn
Mogadiszu
capital city of Somalia

Mogilev pn
Mohylew Mogilew
city

Mohammedan /-n̩/ /moʊˈhæm.ə.dən/ /məˈhæm.ɪ.dən/ adj
mahometański
Muslim, Islamic

Mohammedan /-n̩/ /moʊˈhæm.ə.dən/ /məˈhæm.ɪ.dən/ n
mahometanin mahometanka
Muslim

Mohawk /ˈmoʊhɔːk/ n
irokez
hairstyle

Mohyliv-Podilskyi pn
Mohylów Podolski
city

Moldova /mɑlˈdoʊ.və/ /mɒlˈdəʊ.və/ /mɔlˈdoʊ.və/ /ˈmɒl.də.və/ pn
Mołdawia Mołdowa
country

Moldovan adj
mołdawski
relating to Moldova

Moldovan n
Mołdawianin Mołdawianka
inhabitant of the Republic of Moldova

Molochansk pn
Mołoczanśk
city

Molodohvardiisk pn
Mołodohwardijśk
city

Molotov cocktail /ˈmɒ.ləˌtɒf ˈkɒk.teɪl/ /ˈmɔ.ləˌtɔv ˈkɔk.teɪl/ n
koktajl Mołotowa
simple incendiary bomb

Moltoni's warbler n
pokrzewka wąsata
Sylvia subalpina

Momus pn
Momos
personification of satire and mockery

Mon n
pn. pon.
Monday
Mon Monijka
the people

Mon pn
moński
the language

Mona Lisa /ˌmoʊnə ˈlisə/ /ˌməʊnə ˈliːzə/ pn
Gioconda Mona Lisa
painting by Leonardo da Vinci

Monaco /mɒˈnɑː.kəʊ/ /ˈmɑ.nə.koʊ/ /ˈmɒ.nə.kəʊ/ pn
Monako
country in Europe
capital city

Monastir pn
Bitola
former name of Bitola in Macedonia

Monastyryshche pn
Monasterzyska Monastyryszcze
city

Monastyryska pn
Monasterzyska
city

Monday /ˈmʌn.deɪ/ /ˈmʌn.di/ adv
w poniedziałek poniedziałek
on Monday

Monday /ˈmʌn.deɪ/ /ˈmʌn.di/ n
poniedziałek
day of the week

Mongolia /mɑːŋˈɡoʊli.ə/ /mɒŋˈɡəʊli.ə/ pn
Mongolia
East Asian country

Mongolian /mɒŋˈɡoʊliən/ adj
mongolski
of or relating to Mongolia or its peoples, languages, or cultures

Mongolian /mɒŋˈɡoʊliən/ n
Mongołka Mongoł
native or inhabitant of Mongolia
mongolski
language of Mongolia
person of Mongoloid physical type

Mongolic adj
mongolski
language family

Monica /ˈmɑ.nɪ.kə/ /ˈmɒn.ɪ.kə/ pn
Monika
female given name

Monoceros pn
Jednorożec
winter constellation of the northern sky

Monopoly pn
Monopoly
a board game

Monsignor /mɑnˈsiː.njɚ/ /mɒn.siːˈnjɔː/ /mɒnˈsiː.njə/ n
prałat
ecclesiastic title bestowed on some Roman Catholic clerics by the Pope

Mont Blanc /-ˈblɑŋk/ /ˌmɑn-/ /ˌmɒ̃ ˈblɒ̃(k)/ /ˌmɔn ˈblɑnk/ pn
Mont Blanc
the highest mountain in Europe

Montana /mɒnˈtænə/ pn
Montana
US state

Montenegrin /-ˈneɪɡɹɪn/ /ˌmɒntɪˈniːɡɹɪn/ adj
czarnogórski
relating to Montenegrins
relating to Montenegro

Montenegrin /-ˈneɪɡɹɪn/ /ˌmɒntɪˈniːɡɹɪn/ n
Czarnogórzanin Czarnogórzanka Czarnogórka Czarnogórzec
person from Montenegro
czarnogórski
the standardized variety of Serbo-Croatian

Montenegro /mɒn.tɪˈneɪ.ɡɹəʊ/ /mɒn.tɪˈnɛɡ.ɹəʊ/ /ˌmɑn.təˈneɪ.ɡɹoʊ/ /ˌmɑn.tɪˈni.ɡɹoʊ/ pn
Czarnogóra
country in Europe

Montezuma's revenge /- ɹiˈvɛndʒ/ /- ɹɪˈvɛndʒ/ /ˌmɒn.təˈzuː.məz ɹɪˈvɛndʒ/ /ˌmɔ.ɾ̃əˈzu.məz ɹəˈvɛndʒ/ [ˌmɔ.nəˈzu.məz -] n
zemsta Montezumy
diarrhea experienced by a tourist in Mexico

Montreal /ˌmɑntɹiˈɔl/ /ˌmɒntɹiˈɔːl/ /ˌmɔ̃ɹeɪˈæl/ /ˌmʌntɹiːˈɒl/ pn
Montreal
a city in Quebec

Montrealer n
montrealczyk montrealka
person from Montreal

Montserrat /mɒn(t)səˈɹæt/ /mɒn(t)səˈɹɒt/ pn
Montserrat
island

Monégasque /ˈmɒ.nə.ɡask/ /ˌmɒ.nɪˈɡask/ adj
monakijski
of or relating to Monaco or its inhabitants

Monégasque /ˈmɒ.nə.ɡask/ /ˌmɒ.nɪˈɡask/ n
Monakijczyk Monakijka
a native or inhabitant of Monaco

Moon pn
Księżyc
sole natural satellite of the Earth

Moor /mɔɹ/ /mɔː/ /mʊə/ /mʊɹ/ n
Maur
a member of a certain mixed race of Arab and Berber people
a member of a this race that formerly occupied Spain

Moore's law pn
Prawo Moore’a
empirical observation

Moorish /ˈmɔɹ.ɪʃ/ /ˈmɔː.ɹɪʃ/ /ˈmʊə.ɹɪʃ/ /ˈmʊɹ.ɪʃ/ adj
mauryjski mauretański
of or pertaining to Moors

Morava pn
Morawa
river in Central Europe

Moravia /mɔˈɹeɪvi.ə/ /məˈɹeɪvi.ə/ pn
Morawy
historical region

Moravian n
Morawianin Morawianka
person from Moravia

Mordecai /ˈmɔː(ɹ)dəkaɪ̯/ pn
Mardocheusz
a Biblical character in the Book of Esther
Mordechaj
male given name

Mordovia pn
Mordwa Mordowia
republic of Russia

Mordovian adj
mordwiński
from, of, or pertaining to, Mordovia

Mordovian n
Mordwin Mordwinka
someone from Mordovia

Morgan le Fay /ˌmɔːɡən lə ˈfeɪ/ pn
Morgana Le Fay
half sister of King Arthur

Moroccan adj
marokański
pertaining to Morocco

Moroccan n
Marokańczyk Marokanka
person from Morocco

Morocco /mɔɹˈɑkoʊ/ /məˈɹɑkoʊ/ /məˈɹɒkəʊ/ pn
Maroko
country

Moroni /məˈɹɑni/ /məˈɹəʊni/ pn
Moroni
capital of the Comoros

Morpheus /ˈmɔɹ.fɪ.əs/ /ˈmɔɹˌfjus/ /ˈmɔː.fjuːs/ /ˈmɔː.fɪ.əs/ pn
Morfeusz
Greek god and personification of dreams

Morris column n
słup ogłoszeniowy
pillar for advertisements

Morse code n
alfabet Morse’a kod Morse’a
character code

Morshyn pn
Morszyn Morszyn-Zdrój
city

Mosaic adj
Mojżeszowy
Of or relating to Moses

Moscovian n
moskow
subdivision of the Carboniferous period

Moscow /ˈmɑskaʊ/ /ˈmɑskoʊ/ /ˈmɒskəʊ/ /ˈmɔskɐʉ/ pn
Moskwa
capital city of Russia

Moses /ˈmoʊzəs/ /ˈmoʊzəz/ /ˈməʊzɪs/ /ˈməʊzɪz/ pn
Mojżesz
the biblical patriarch

Moshchun pn
Moszczun

Mospyne pn
Mospyne
city

Mossad pn
Mosad
the national intelligence agency of Israel

Mostyska pn
Mościska
city

Mother Earth pn
Matka Ziemia
personification of Earth

Mother Russia pn
Matka Rosja
national personification of Russia

Mother of God pn
Bogarodzica Bogarodzicielka Bogurodzica Boża Rodzicielka Matka Boska Matka Boża
Mary, mother of Jesus, as the mother of God or God-bearer

Mother's Day n
Dzień Matki
a day in honor of one's mother or all mothers, on whichever day

Mount Athos pn
Athos Góra Athos
Mount Athos

Mount Everest pn
Czomolungma Mount Everest Sagarmatha Qomolangma Szczyt XV
world’s highest mountain, located in the Himalayas

Mount Fuji pn
Fudżi
the highest mountain in Japan

Mount of Olives pn
Góra Oliwna
mountain ridge

Mozambican n
Mozambijczyk Mozambijka
person from Mozambique or of Mozambican descent

Mozambique /ˌmoʊ.zæmˈbiːk/ pn
Mozambik
country in Southern Africa

Mozartian adj
mozartowski
of or pertaining to Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

Mr. /ˈmɪstəɹ/ [ˈmɪstə(ɹ)] [ˈmɪstɚ] n
p. pan
abbreviation of mister

Mr. and Mrs. n
państwo
Title of a married couple

Mrs /ˈmɪs/ /ˈmɪsəz/ /ˈmɪsɪz/ /ˈmɪz/ n
p. pani
title before a woman's name

Ms /məz/ /ˈmɪs/ /ˈmɪz/ n
panienka panna
title

Mstsislaw pn
Mścisław
town of Belarus

Muay Thai /muːeɪ ˈtaɪ/ /mweɪ ˈtaɪ/ n
boks tajski
the martial art/sport

Muggle /ˈmʌɡ(ə)l/ /ˈmʌɡl̩/ n
mugol
person who has no magical abilities

Muhammad /mʊˈhæməd/ /mʊˈhɑməd/ pn
Mahomet
the prophet who introduced Islam

Muhu pn
Muhu
island

Mukachevo pn
Mukaczewo
city

Mulhouse /məˈluːz/ pn
Miluza
a city in France

Mumbai /mʊm.ˈbaɪ/ pn
Bombaj
state capital of Maharashtra

Munich /ˈmjuːnɪk/ pn
Monachium
capital of Bavaria
monachijski
attributive form of Munich

Muntenia /mʊnˈtɛni.ə/ pn
Muntenia
region of Romania

Murcia pn
Murcja
autonomous community
city

Mureș pn
Marusza
river in Romania and Hungary

Murmansk pn
Murmańsk
city

Murphy bed n
składane łóżko
bed that folds up into the wall

Musca pn
Mucha
constellation

Muscat /ˈmʌskæt/ pn
Maskat
capital city

Muscovite /ˈmʌs.kəˌvaɪt/ adj
moskiewski
Relating to Moscow

Muscovite /ˈmʌs.kəˌvaɪt/ n
Moskwicin
resident of Muscovy
moskwianin moskwianka
resident of Moscow

Muscovy duck n
kaczka piżmowa piżmówka amerykańska
duck

Muse /mjuːz/ n
muza
one of the nine Ancient Greek deities of the arts

Muslim /ˈmʊs.ləm/ /ˈmʊs.lɪm/ /ˈmʊz.ləm/ /ˈmʊz.lɪm/ /ˈmʌz.ləm/ adj
muzułmański
relating to believers of Islam

Muslim /ˈmʊs.ləm/ /ˈmʊs.lɪm/ /ˈmʊz.ləm/ /ˈmʊz.lɪm/ /ˈmʌz.ləm/ n
muzułmanin muzułmanka
believer of Islam

Myanmar /mjænˈmɑː/ /ˈmaɪ̯ænˌmɑː/ /ˈmjæn.mɑː/ /ˈmjænˌmɑɹ/ /ˈmjɑnˌmɑɹ/ /ˌmjɑnˈmɑɹ/ pn
Birma Myanmar Mjanma
Southeast Asian country

Mycenae pn
Mykeny
ancient Greek city

Mycenaean /ˌmaɪ.sɪˈniːən/ adj
miceński mykeński
relating to Mycenae

Mycenaean /ˌmaɪ.sɪˈniːən/ n
Mykeńczyk
a native of Mycenae

Mycenaean Greek n
mykeński
ancient Greek language

Mykolaiv /mɪkəˈlɑ(j)ɪv/ /mɪkəˈlɑː(j)ɪv/ pn
Mikołajów
a city in Ukraine
Obwód mikołajowski
oblast

Mykolaivka pn
Mykołajiwka
city

Myrhorod pn
Mirhorod
city

Myrnohrad pn
Myrnohrad
city

Myronivka pn
Mironówka
city

Mysłowice pn
Mysłowice
city in Poland

Málaga /ˈmæləɡə/ pn
Malaga Málaga
port and city in Andalusia

Möbius strip /ˈmoʊ.bi.əs stɹɪp/ /ˈməʊ.bi.əs stɹɪp/ /ˈmɜː.bi.əs stɹɪp/ n
wstęga Möbiusa
one-sided surface
narrow strip given a half twist

N'Djamena /ənd͡ʒɑːˈmeɪnɑː/ pn
Ndżamena
capital city of Chad

NAFLD n
niealkoholowa stłuszczeniowa choroba wątroby
non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

NAM pn
Ruch Państw Niezaangażowanych
Non-Aligned Movement

NASA /ˈnæsə/ pn
NASA
National Aeronautics and Space Administration

NATO /ˈneɪ.toʊ/ /ˈneɪ.təʊ/ pn
NATO
North Atlantic Treaty Organization

Nablus pn
Nablus
city

Nadia /ˈnɑ.di.ə/ pn
Nadia
female given name

Nadvirna pn
Nadwórna
city

Nagarjuna pn
Nagardżuna
Given name
Individual

Nagorno-Karabakh /nəˌɡɔːnəʊ kɑːɹəˈbɑːk/ pn
Górski Karabach
region in South Caucasus

Nagoya pn
Nagoja
a city of Japan

Nagy /ˈnæɡi/ pn
Nagy

Nahuatl /nɑːˈwɑːt(ə)l/ /nəˈwɑːt(ə)l/ /ˈnɑːwɑːt(ə)l/ pn
nahuatl aztecki meksykański
language

Nahum pn
Księga Nahuma
book of the Bible

Naissaar pn
Naissaar
island in northern Estonia

Nakhodka pn
Nachodka
city in Russia

Nalchik pn
Nalczyk
city in Russia

Namibia /nəˈmɪbi.ə/ pn
Namibia
Republic of Namibia

Namibian adj
namibijski
of, from, or pertaining to Namibia

Namibian n
Namibijczyk Namibijka
a person from Namibia or of Namibian descent

Namur pn
Namur
city
province

Nanjingese adj
związany z Nanjing
Of or related to Nanjing

Nantucket red n
łososiowy

Naomi /naɪˈəʊmi/ /neɪˈoʊmi/ /ˈneɪəmi/ pn
Noemi
Biblical character

Naphtali /ˈnæf.təˌlaɪ/ pn
Neftali
male given name
one of the Israelite tribes

Naples /ˈneɪ.pəlz/ pn
Neapol
city in Italy
province in Italy

Napoleon /nəˈpəʊ.li.ən/ pn
Napoleon
Napoleon Bonaparte
male given name

Narcissus pn
Narcyz
mythical youth

Narew /ˈnɑːɹɛf/ pn
Narew
river

Narnia /ˈnɑː(ɹ).ni.ə/ pn
Narnia
a fictional land

Narva pn
Narwa
city in Estonia

Naryan-Mar pn
Narjan-Mar
city in Russia

Naryn /nɚˈrɪn/ pn
Naryn
a river in Kyrgyzstan
the capital of the Naryn Region, Kyrgyzstan

Nassau /ˈnæsɔː/ pn
Nassau
capital of the Bahamas

Natalie pn
Natalia
female given name

Nataraja pn
Nataradźa
dancing posture of the Hindu god Shiva

Natasha /nəˈtɑʃə/ /ˈnətæʃə/ pn
Natasza
female given name

Nathan /ˈneɪθən/ pn
Natan
biblical prophet
male given name

National Assembly pn
zgromadzenie narodowe
national legislature

National Socialism n
narodowy socjalizm
ideology of Adolf Hitler's NSDAP

National Socialist adj
narodowosocjalistyczny

National Socialist n
narodowy socjalista
Adherent of National Socialism

Nativity pn
narodzenie
birth of Jesus

Naumann's thrush n
drozd rdzawy
Turdus naumanni

Nauru /naʊˈru/ /nɑːˈuː.ɹuː/ /nəˈru/ /ˈnaʊ.ɹu/ /ˈn̪ʌ̯u.ru/ pn
Nauru
Republic of Nauru

Nauruan [nɑːˈuː.ɹuːn̩] pn
nauruański
language of Nauru

Navajo /ˈnæ.voʊ/ /ˈnæ.və.hoʊ/ /ˈnæ.və.həʊ/ /ˈnɑ.və.hoʊ/ n
Nawaho
person

Navajo /ˈnæ.voʊ/ /ˈnæ.və.hoʊ/ /ˈnæ.və.həʊ/ /ˈnɑ.və.hoʊ/ pn
Nawaho
language

Navalny pn
Nawalna Nawalny
surname

Navarre /nəˈvɑɹ/ /nəˈvɑː(ɹ)/ pn
Nawarra
autonomous community of Spain

Navoiy pn
Nawoi

Naypyidaw /ˈneɪpjɪˌdɔː/ pn
Naypyidaw
capital of Burma

Nazarene adj
nazaretański
Of or pertaining to Nazareth or its people

Nazarene n
nazarejczyk nazaretanka nazaretańczyk
A person from Nazareth

Nazarene pn
Nazarejczyk
epithet of Jesus Christ

Nazareth /ˈnæzəɹəθ/ pn
Nazaret
a city in northern Israel

Nazi /ˈnætsi/ /ˈnæzi/ /ˈnɑːtsi/ adj
nazistowski
pertaining to the Nazi Party or Nazism

Nazi /ˈnætsi/ /ˈnæzi/ /ˈnɑːtsi/ n
nazista nazistka
member of the Nazi party

Nazi salute n
salut rzymski
greeting in Nazi Germany

Nazianzus /ˌnæzɪˈænzəs/ pn
Nazjanz
Town in the region of Cappadocia

Nazification n
nazyfikacja
act or process of Nazifying

Nazism /ˈnɑːts(i.)ɪzəm/ n
nazizm
the ideology of Adolf Hitler's Nazi Party

Naʼvi n
naʼvi
member of the Na'vi people

Naʼvi pn
na’vi
the Na'vi language

Neanderthal /niˈæn.dɚ.θəl/ /niˈæn.dɚˌtɑl/ /niˈæn.dɚˌθɑl/ /niːˈæn.dəˌtɑːl/ adj
neandertalski
of or pertaining to Homo neanderthalensis

Neanderthal /niˈæn.dɚ.θəl/ /niˈæn.dɚˌtɑl/ /niˈæn.dɚˌθɑl/ /niːˈæn.dəˌtɑːl/ n
neandertalczyk
a Homo neanderthalensis specimen
a primitive person

Neapolitan /ˌniːəˈpɑlətən/ /ˌniːəˈpɑlɪtən/ /ˌniːəˈpɒlɪtən/ adj
neapolitański
pertaining to Naples

Neapolitan /ˌniːəˈpɑlətən/ /ˌniːəˈpɑlɪtən/ /ˌniːəˈpɒlɪtən/ n
neapolitanka neapolitańczyk
inhabitant or resident of Naples

Neapolitan /ˌniːəˈpɑlətən/ /ˌniːəˈpɑlɪtən/ /ˌniːəˈpɒlɪtən/ pn
neapolitański
language of Naples, Italy

Neapolitan chord n
akord neapolitański

Neapolitan wafer n
wafle przekładane
layered wafer biscuit

Near East pn
Bliski Wschód
region in Asia

Nearctic adj
nearktyczny
relating to the Nearctic ecozone

Nearctic pn
Nearktyka
ecozone covering most of the North American continent

Nebraska /nəˈbɹæskə/ pn
Nebraska
US state

Nefertiti pn
Neferetiti Nefertiti Nefretete
a queen of Ancient Egypt

Negev /ˈnɛɡɛv/ pn
Negew
a desert in southern Israel

Nehemiah /ˌniː(h)əˈmaɪə/ pn
Księga Nehemiasza
book of the Bible
Nehemiasz Księga Nehemiasza
male given name

Neman /ˈneɪmən/ pn
Niemen
river to the Baltic Sea

Nemean Lion /ˌnimi.ən ˈlai.ən/ pn
Lew Nemejski
mythical lion of Nemea

Nemesis /ˈnɛməsɪs/ pn
Nemezis
Greek goddess of retribution

Nemyriv pn
Niemirów
city

Nenets n
nieniec
person

Neo-Renaissance pn
neorenesans

Neogene adj
neogeniczny neogeński
of a period from 26 million years ago to present

Neogene pn
neogen
Neogene period

Neolithic /ˌni.oʊˈlɪθ.ɪk/ /ˌni.əʊˈlɪθ.ɪk/ /ˌni.əˈlɪθ.ɪk/ adj
neolityczny
of or relating to the New Stone Age

Neolithic /ˌni.oʊˈlɪθ.ɪk/ /ˌni.əʊˈlɪθ.ɪk/ /ˌni.əˈlɪθ.ɪk/ pn
neolit
the New Stone Age

Neoplatonic adj
neoplatoński
of or pertaining to Neoplatonism

Nepal /nəˈpɑl/ /nəˈpɔːl/ /nɪˈpɔːl/ pn
Nepal
Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal

Nepali /nəˈpɑːli/ /nəˈpɔːli/ adj
nepalski
pertaining to Nepal

Nepali /nəˈpɑːli/ /nəˈpɔːli/ n
Nepalczyk Nepalka
person

Nepali /nəˈpɑːli/ /nəˈpɔːli/ pn
nepalski
language

Nephilim n
Nefilim
(nonstandard) a member of the race of Nephilim

Neptune /ˈneptʃʉːn/ /ˈnɛptjuːn/ /ˈnɛptuːn/ /ˈnɛptʃuːn/ pn
Neptun
eighth planet of the solar system
Roman god of the ocean

Nero /ˈniːroʊ/ pn
Neron
Roman Emperor from 54 to 68

Nessie /ˈnɛsi/ pn
Aga
female given name

Nestorian adj
nestoriański
related to the teachings of Nestorius

Nestorian n
nestorianin nestorianka
A member of a "Nestorian" church

Netherlander /ˈnɛðɚˌlændɚ/ n
Niderlandczyk Niderlandka
someone from the Netherlands

Netherlands /ˈnɛðələndz/ /ˈnɛðɚləndz/ adj
holenderski niderlandzki
pertaining to the Netherlands

Netherlands /ˈnɛðələndz/ /ˈnɛðɚləndz/ pn
Holandia Niderlandy Królestwo Niderlandów
country in northwestern Europe

Netherlands Antilles pn
Antyle Holenderskie
former autonomous territory

Netishyn pn
Niecieszyn
city

Neva pn
Newa
river

Nevada /nəˈveɪdə/ /nəˈvædə/ /nəˈvɑdə/ /nəˈvɑːdə/ /nɪˈvædə/ /nɪˈvɑdə/ /nɪˈvɑːdə/ [nəˈvæɾə] [nəˈvɑɾə] pn
Nevada
US state

New Brunswick /nju ˈbɹʌnz.wɪk/ /njuː ˈbɹʌnz.wɪk/ pn
Nowy Brunszwik
province in eastern Canada

New Caledonia /ˈnjuː ˌkæl.əˈdəʊ.ni.ə/ /ˈnjuː ˌkæl.ɪˈdəʊ.ni.ə/ /ˈnu ˌkæl.əˈdoʊ.ni.ə/ /ˈnu ˌkæl.ɪˈdoʊ.ni.ə/ pn
Nowa Kaledonia
overseas territory of France

New Caledonian adj
nowokaledoński
of, from, or pertaining to New Caledonia

New Deal pn
Nowy Ład
series of domestic programs

New Delhi /n(j)uː ˈdɛli/ pn
Nowe Delhi
capital of India

New England pn
Nowa Anglia
six states of the United States

New France pn
Nowa Francja
France's former possessions and colonies in North America

New Guinea /n(j)uː ˈɡɪn.i/ /ˌnjuː ˈɡɪ.ni/ [njuː ˈɡɪn.i] [nu ˈɡɪn.i] pn
Nowa Gwinea
large island

New Hampshire /nuːˈhæmpʃɚ/ pn
New Hampshire
US state

New Jersey /njuː ˈdʒɜːzi/ /nuːˈdʒɝzi/ pn
New Jersey
a northeast state of the United States of America

New Mexico /nju ˈmɛk.sɪ.koʊ/ /njuː mɛk.sɪ.kəʊ/ /nu ˈmɛk.sɪ.koʊ/ pn
Nowy Meksyk
US State

New Norwegian pn
nynorsk
one of the two major Norwegian (written) languages

New Objectivity pn
Nowa Rzeczowość
artistic movement

New Orleanian adj
nowoorleański
of, or relating to New Orleans

New Orleans /n(j)uː ˈɔɹliːnz/ /nuː ˈɔɹlənz/ /ˈn(j)uː ɔɹˈliːnz/ /ˈnɔɹlənz/ /ˈnɔːlənz/ /ˌnuː ˈɔɹ.li.ənz/ /ˌnuː ˈɔɹ.lɛ.ənz/ pn
Nowy Orlean
city

New South Wales pn
Nowa Południowa Walia
state of Australia

New Spain pn
Nowa Hiszpania
historical colony

New Testament pn
Nowy Testament
second half of the Christian Bible

New World /n(j)u wɝld/ /njuː wɜːld/ pn
Nowy Świat
the Americas and Oceania

New World Order pn
nowy porządek świata
conspiracy theory

New Year n
Nowy Rok
the first few days of a calendar year
Nowy Rok Nowy rok
January 1 in the Julian and Gregorian calendar and the days following

New Year's Day n
Nowy Rok
holiday occurring on the first day of the year

New Year's Eve pn
sylwester
holiday on the last day of the year

New Year's resolution /ˈn(j)u jɪɹz ˌɹɛzəˈl(j)uʃ(ə)n/ /ˈnjuː jɪəz ˌɹɛzəˈluːʃ(ə)n/ n
postanowienie postanowienie noworoczne
vow one makes for the coming year

New York /njuː ˈjɔːk/ /nu ˈjɔək/ /nu ˈjɔɹk/ [nɪ ˈjɔək] [ɲɔək] pn
Nowy Jork
state

New York City pn
Nowy Jork
large city in the USA

New Yorker n
Nowojorczanka Nowojorczyk
a native or resident of the state of New York
nowojorczanka nowojorczyk
a native or resident of New York City

New Yorkian adj
nowojorski
of or relating to New York

New Zealand /- ˈziː-/ /nju ˈziː.lənd/ /njʉː ˈzɪələnd/ /nu ˈzi.lənd/ /ˌnjuː -/ /ˌnu -/ [-ˈzeə-] [njʉ ˈzɪəɫənd] pn
Nowa Zelandia
country in Oceania
nowozelandzki
attributive form - relating to New Zealand

New Zealand scaup n
ogorzałka nowozelandzka
Aythya novaeseelandiae

New Zealander /ˌnjuː ˈziːləndə(ɹ)/ n
Nowozelandczyk Nowozelandka
a person from New Zealand or of New Zealand descent

New Zealandic adj
nowozelandzki
of New Zealand

New Zealandress n
Nowozelandka
female New Zealander

Newcastle /ˈn(j)uˌkæsl̩/ /ˈnjuːˌkɑːsl̩/ [ˈn(j)uˌkʰæsɫ̩] [ˈnjʉˌkʰɑːsɫ̩] [ˌnjʉˈkʰasɫ̩] pn
Newcastle
city

Newfoundland /ˈnjuː.fənd.lænd/ /ˈnjuː.fənd.lənd/ /ˈnjuːˌfaʊnd.lənd/ /ˈnu.fənd.lənd/ /ˈnu.fəndlənd/ /ˈnu.fəndˌlænd/ /ˈnuˌfaʊnd.lænd/ /ˈnuˌfaʊnd.lənd/ /ˌnjuːˈfaʊnd.lænd/ /ˌnu.fəndˈlænd/ n
nowofundland nowofundlandczyk wodołaz
dog

Newfoundland /ˈnjuː.fənd.lænd/ /ˈnjuː.fənd.lənd/ /ˈnjuːˌfaʊnd.lənd/ /ˈnu.fənd.lənd/ /ˈnu.fəndlənd/ /ˈnu.fəndˌlænd/ /ˈnuˌfaʊnd.lænd/ /ˈnuˌfaʊnd.lənd/ /ˌnjuːˈfaʊnd.lænd/ /ˌnu.fəndˈlænd/ pn
Nowa Fundlandia
Island off the coast of Eastern Canada

Newman /ˈnjuːmən/ /ˈnumən/ pn
Nowak
surname meaning "new man"

Newspeak pn
nowomowa
fictional language

Niagara Falls pn
Niagara
waterfalls
Niagara Falls
a city

Niagara River pn
Niagara
river in North America

Niamey /njɑːˈmeɪ/ pn
Niamej Niamey
capital of Niger

Nicaragua /ˌnɪk.əɹˈæɡ.ju.ə/ /ˌnɪk.əˈɹɑ.ɡwə/ pn
Nikaragua
a country in Central America

Nicaraguan adj
nikaraguański
pertaining to Nicaragua

Nice /niːs/ pn
Nicea
city in France

Nicene Creed pn
Nicejskie wyznanie wiary
official creed of the early Christian church stating tenets of the Christian faith

Nicholas /ˈnɪk.ləs/ /ˈnɪk.ə.ləs/ pn
Mikołaj
male given name

Nicholson pn
Mikołajewicz
surname meaning "son of Nicholas"

Nicodemus pn
Nikodem
male given name

Nicole /nɪˈkoʊl/ /nɪˈkəʊl/ pn
Nikola
female given name

Nicosia /ˌnɪkəˈsiːə/ pn
Nikozja
capital of Cyprus

Nicosian adj
nikozyjski
from Nicosia

Nicosian n
nikozyjczyk nikozyjka
someone from Nicosia

Nidwalden pn
Nidwalden
canton of Switzerland

Nietzschean /ˈni.t͡ʃi.ən/ /ˈniː.t͡ʃɪ.ən/ adj
nietzscheański
pertaining to Nietzsche or his writings

Nietzschean /ˈni.t͡ʃi.ən/ /ˈniː.t͡ʃɪ.ən/ n
nietzscheanista
a supporter of Nietzsche's ideas

Nietzscheanism /ˈni.t͡ʃi.ənɪzəm/ /ˈniː.t͡ʃɪ.ənɪzəm/ n
nietzscheanizm
philosophy of Friedrich Nietzsche

Niger /niːˈʒɛə(ɹ)/ /niːˈʒɛɚ/ /ˈnaɪ.d͡ʒə(ɹ)/ /ˈnaɪ.d͡ʒɚ/ pn
Niger
country
river

Nigeria /naɪˈd͡ʒiː.ɹi.ə/ /naɪˈd͡ʒɪə.ɹɪə/ /naɪˈd͡ʒɪɹ.i.ə/ pn
Nigeria
a country in Western Africa

Nigerian /naɪˌd͡ʒɪəɹɪən/ /naɪˌd͡ʒɪɹiən/ adj
nigeryjski
of, from, or pertaining to Nigeria, the Nigerian people or culture

Nigerian /naɪˌd͡ʒɪəɹɪən/ /naɪˌd͡ʒɪɹiən/ n
Nigeryjka Nigeryjczyk
person

Nigerian scam n
nigeryjski przekręt nigeryjski szwindel
attempt to defraud

Nihilism /ˈnaɪ.(h)ɪ.lɪ.z(ə)m/ /ˈnaɪ.əˌlɪ.z(ə)m/ /ˈni.ə-/ /ˈniː-/ /ˈnɪ-/ [-(h)ɨ̞-] pn
nihilizm
movement that rejected all authority and promoted the use of violence for political change

Nijmegen pn
Nijmegen
city in the Netherlands

Nike /ˈnaɪki(ː)/ pn
Nike
Greek goddess of victory

Nikolayevsk pn
Nikołajewsk
former name of Nikolayevsk-on-Amur

Nikolayevsk-on-Amur pn
Nikołajewsk nad Amurem
city

Nikopol pn
Nikopol
city in Ukraine

Nile /naɪl/ pn
Nil
river

Nimzo-Indian Defence pn
Obrona Nimzowitscha

Nina /ˈniːnə/ pn
Nina
female given name

Nineveh /ˈnɪnəvə/ /ˈnɪnɪvə/ pn
Niniwa
capital of Assyria

Nintendo /nɪnˈtɛndoʊ/ /nɪnˈtɛndəʊ/ n
Nintendo
Nintendo Entertainment System, or other video game system made by Nintendo

Niue /ˈnjuːeɪ/ pn
Niue
island of Niue

Nivkh /ni(ː)fk/ /nɪvk/ /nɪvx/ pn
niwchijski
language

Nivôse /niˈvoʊz/ /nɪˈvəʊz/ pn
nivôse
the fourth month of the French Republican Calendar

Nizhny Novgorod /ˌnɪʒ.ni ˈnɑv.ɡə.ɹɑd/ /ˌnɪʒ.ni ˈnɒv.ɡə.ɹɒd/ /ˌnɪʒ.ni ˈnɔːv.ɡə.ɹət/ pn
Niżny Nowogród
large city in Russia

Nizhyn pn
Niżyn
city

Niçois /niːswɑː/ adj
nicejski
relating to city of Nice

Niçoise salad n
sałatka nicejska
salad

Noah /ˈnoʊə/ /ˈnəʊə/ pn
Noe
biblical character
male given name

Noah's ark pn
arka Noego
the vessel built by Noah under God's instructions, as described in Genesis

Noahide /ˈnoʊəˌhaɪd/ /ˈnəʊəˌhaɪd/ n
noachid
subscriber to Noahidism
potomek Noaha
descendant of Noah

Nobel laureate n
noblista noblistka
person who has been awarded a Nobel Prize

Nogai /noʊˈɡaɪ/ adj
nogajski
of or pertaining to the Nogai language or people

Nogai /noʊˈɡaɪ/ n
Nogaj Nogajka
person

Nogai /noʊˈɡaɪ/ pn
nogajski
language

Nordic combined n
kombinacja norweska
cross-country skiing and ski jumping

Nordic countries n
kraje nordyckie
the Nordic countries collectively

Nordic walking n
chodzenie z kijkami
sport

Norfolk Island /ˈnɔɹ.fɔk ˈaɪ.lənd/ /ˈnɔː.fək ˈaɪ.lənd/ pn
Norfolk
external territory of Australia

Norma pn
Węgielnica
constellation

Normandy /ˈnɔː(ɹ)məndi/ pn
Normandia
region of France

North Africa pn
Północna Afryka
the northern part of Africa

North African adj
północnoafrykański
of or pertaining to North Africa

North America /ˌnɔː(ɹ)θ əˈmɛɹɪkə/ pn
Ameryka Północna
continent

North American adj
północnoamerykański
relating to North America

North Atlantic adj
północnoatlantycki
pertaining to the North Atlantic Ocean or locations adjacent to it

North Brabant pn
Brabancja Północna
province

North Carolina /ˌnɔɹθ kæɹəˈlaːnə/ /ˌnɔɹθ kɛɹəˈlaɪnə/ /ˌnɔːθ kæəˈlaːnə/ /ˌnɔːθ kæɹ.əˈlaɪn.ə/ /ˌnɔːθ kæɹəˈlaːnə/ pn
Karolina Północna
state of the United States

North Dakota /ˈnɔɹθ dəˈkoʊ.tə/ pn
Dakota Północna
state of the United States of America

North Frisian pn
północnofryzyjski
Frisian language

North Holland pn
Holandia Północna
province of the Netherlands

North Island pn
Wyspa Północna
one of the two major islands making up New Zealand

North Karelia pn
Karelia Północna
region and county of Finland

North Korea /noɹθ ˌkəˈɹi.ə/ /nɔːθ ˌkəˈɹiː.ə/ pn
Korea Północna
a country in East Asia whose territory consists of the northern part of Korea

North Korean adj
północnokoreański
pertaining to North Korea

North Korean n
Koreanka Koreańczyk
person from North Korea

North Macedonia pn
Macedonia Północna
country in Europe

North Macedonian adj
północnomacedoński
of, or relating to North Macedonia

North Macedonian n
Macedonka Macedończyk
a native or inhabitant of North Macedonia

North Ossetia-Alania pn
Osetia Północna
a federal subject of Russia

North Rhine-Westphalia pn
Nadrenia Północna-Westfalia
state

North Sea pn
Morze Północne
a marginal sea of the Atlantic Ocean between Britain, Scandinavia and Germany, the Netherlands, Belgium and France

North Star pn
Gwiazda Biegunowa Gwiazda Polarna
star near the northern celestial pole

Northern Cyprus pn
Cypr Północny
de facto state comprising the northeastern part of the island of Cyprus

Northern Europe pn
Europa Północna
sociopolitical region of Europe

Northern European adj
północnoeuropejski
Northern European

Northern Ireland /ˈnɔː(ɹ)ðə(ɹ)n ˈaiə(ɹ)lənd/ pn
Irlandia Północna
a country in the United Kingdom, situated in the northeastern part of the island of Ireland

Northern Mariana Islands /ˈnɔɹ.ðɚn ˌmɛɹ.iˈæn.ə ˈaɪ.ləndz/ /ˈnɔː.ðən ˌmæɹ.iˈæn.ə ˈaɪ.ləndz/ pn
Mariany Północne
archipelago

Northern Marianas pn
Mariany Północne
Northern Marianas

Northern Territory /ˈnɔːðən ˈtɛɹɪt(ə)ɹi/ pn
Terytorium Północne
Territory in northern Australia

Northumbria /nɔɹˈθʌm.bɹi.ə/ /nɔːˈθʌm.bɹɪ.ə/ pn
Nortumbria
An Anglo-Saxon kingdom in the Northeast of England.

Northumbrian adj
nortumbryjski
An Adjective.

Northwest Territories pn
Terytoria Północno-Zachodnie
Territory in northern Canada

Norway /ˈnɔɹ.weɪ/ /ˈnɔː.weɪ/ pn
Norwegia
Scandinavian country

Norway maple n
klon zwyczajny
Acer platanoides

Norwegian /nɔɹ.ˈwi.d͡ʒən/ /nɔː.ˈwiː.d͡ʒən/ adj
norweski
of or pertaining to the Norwegian language
of or pertaining to Norway
of or pertaining to Norwegians

Norwegian /nɔɹ.ˈwi.d͡ʒən/ /nɔː.ˈwiː.d͡ʒən/ n
Norweg Norweżka
native of Norway
język norweski norweski
language of Norway

Norwegian Sea pn
Morze Norweskie
part of the Atlantic

Nosivka pn
Nosówka
city

Noteć pn
Noteć
river

Nouakchott /nuːɑːkˈʃɒt/ /nwɑːkˈʃɒt/ pn
Nawakszut
capital of Mauritania

Nova Kakhovka pn
Nowa Kachowka
city

Nova Odesa pn
Nowa Odessa
city

Nova Scotia /ˌnoʊ.və ˈskoʊ.ʃə/ /ˌnəʊ.və ˈskəʊ.ʃə/ pn
Nowa Szkocja
province in eastern Canada

Novaya Zemlya pn
Nowa Ziemia
archipelago in Russia

November /noʊˈvɛmbɚ/ /nəʊˈvɛmbə/ /nəˈvɛmbə/ pn
listopad
eleventh month of the Gregorian calendar

Novgorod /ˈnɑv.ɡə.ɹɑd/ /ˈnɒv.ɡə.ɹɒd/ /ˈnɔːv.ɡə.ɹət/ pn
Nowgorod
city

Novhorod-Siverskyi pn
Nowogród Siewierski
city

Novi Sad pn
Nowy Sad
largest city of the Serbian province of Vojvodina

Novoazovsk pn
Nowoazowsk
city

Novodnistrovsk pn
Nowodniestrowsk
city

Novodruzhesk pn
Nowodrużeśk
city

Novohrad-Volynskyi pn
Nowogród Wołyński
city

Novohrodivka pn
Nowohrodiwka
city

Novokuznetsk pn
Nowokuźnieck
city

Novomoskovsk pn
Nowomoskowsk

Novomyrhorod pn
Nowomyrhorod
city

Novorossiya pn
Noworosja
an area north of the Black Sea

Novorossiysk pn
Noworosyjsk
city

Novoselytsia pn
Nowosielica
city

Novosibirsk pn
Nowosybirsk
city in Russia

Novoukrainka pn
Nowoukrainka
city

Novovolynsk pn
Nowowołyńsk
city

Novoyavorivsk pn
Nowojaworowsk
city

Novyi Buh pn
Nowy Boh
city

Novyi Kalyniv pn
Kalinów Nowy
city

Novyi Rozdil pn
Nowy Rozdół
city

Nowotarski adj
nowotarski
adjective

Nowotarski pn
Powiat Nowotarski
county

Nowy Targ pn
Gminy Nowy Targ Nowy Targ
commune
Nowy Targ
town
village
Powiat Nowotarski
county

Nubia pn
Nubia
ancient kingdom

Numbers pn
Księga Liczb
fourth book of the Bible

Numidia /n(j)uˈmɪdiə/ pn
Numidia
region in northern Africa

Numidian /n(j)uˈmɪdiən/ adj
numidyjski
pertaining to Numidia

Numpad n
klawiatura numeryczna
numeric keypad

Nur-Sultan /ˈnʊəsəltɑːn/ /ˈnʊɹsəlˌtɑːn/ /ˌnʊəsəlˈtɑːn/ pn
Nur-Sułtan
former name of Astana

Nuremberg /ˈn(j)ʊɹəmbɚɡ/ /ˈnjʊəɹəmbəɡ/ pn
Norymberga
city in Germany

Nuuk pn
Nuuk
capital of Greenland

Nynorsk /ˈninɔɹsk/ /ˈniːnɔːsk/ /ˈnjuːnɔːsk/ /ˈnunɔɹsk/ pn
nynorsk
one of the two major Norwegian (written) languages

Nyx pn
Nyks
the primordial goddess of night

Nyíregyháza pn
Nyíregyháza
city in Hungary

O /oʊ/ /əʊ/ particle
o
a vocative particle

O-ring n
O-ring
circular gasket

OCR n
OCR
optical character recognition

ODE n
równanie różniczkowe zwyczajne
initialism of ordinary differential equation

OK /əˈkeɪ/ /ˌoʊˈkeɪ/ /ˌəʊˈkeɪ/ interjection
dobrze w porządku zgoda
acknowledgement or acceptance

OK /əˈkeɪ/ /ˌoʊˈkeɪ/ /ˌəʊˈkeɪ/ n
okej zgoda dobra dobrze pasi pasuje
endorsement; approval

OK /əˈkeɪ/ /ˌoʊˈkeɪ/ /ˌəʊˈkeɪ/ v
OK
computing: to activate the OK button

OS /ˌoʊ ˈɛs/ n
system operacyjny
operating system

OSCE pn
OBWE
Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe

Ob /ɑb/ /ɒb/ pn
Ob
river in Russia

Obadiah /ˌoʊbəˈdaɪə/ pn
Księga Abdiasza
book of the Old Testament

Oberon /ˈoʊbərɒn/ pn
Oberon
moon of Uranus

Obukhiv pn
Obuchów
city

Occam's razor pn
brzytwa Ockhama
principle

Occidental Mindoro pn
Occidental Mindoro
province of the Philippines

Occitan /ˈɑksəˌtæn/ /ˈɑksɪˌtæn/ /ˈɒksəˌtæn/ /ˈɒksɪˌtæn/ pn
okcytański prowansalski
the Romance language

Occitania pn
Oksytania
Occitania, a region of Europe

Oceania /-njə/ /ˌoʊ.ʃiˈæn.i.ə/ /ˌɐʉ.ʃiːˈaː.ni.ə/ /ˌəʉ.ʃiˈaː.ni.ə/ /ˌəʊ.ʃiˈɑː.nɪə/ pn
Oceania
geographical region

Oceanid n
oceanida okeanida
any of the sea nymphs

Ochakiv pn
Oczaków
city

Octans pn
Oktant
a circumpolar constellation

October /ɑkˈtoʊbəɹ/ /ɒkˈtəʊbə/ [ɑkˈtʰoʊbɚ] pn
październik
tenth month of the Gregorian calendar

Odense pn
Odense
city in southern Denmark

Oder pn
Odra
river

Odessa /əʊˈdɛsə/ pn
Obwód odeski
Odessa oblast of Ukraine
Odessa
Ukrainian city

Odessite adj
odeski odesski

Odin /oʊdɪn/ /əʊdɪn/ pn
Odyn
god in Norse mythology

Odisha /oː.ɖɪ.ˈʃaː/ pn
Orisa
state in eastern India

Odysseus /oʊˈdɪsi.əs/ /oʊˈdɪsjuːs/ /əˈdɪsjuːs/ pn
Odyseusz Ulisses Odys
son of Laertes; Greek leader during the Trojan War

Odyssey /ˈɑ.də.si/ /ˈɑ.dɪ.si/ /ˈɒ.də.si/ pn
Odyseja
epic poem describing the journey of Odysseus

Oedipus /ˈiːdɪpəs/ /ˈɛdɪpəs/ pn
Edyp
son of Laius and Jocasta

Oedipus complex /ˈidəpəs ˈkɒmplɛks/ /ˈɛdəpəs ˈkɒmplɛks/ n
kompleks Edypa
Freudian theory

Ogaden pn
Ogaden
region in Ethiopia

Oghuz /oʊˈɡuːz/ n
oguzowie
Oghuz people

Ohio /oʊˈhaɪoʊ/ /əʊˈhʌɪəʊ/ /əˈhaɪoʊ/ /əˈhaɪəʊ/ pn
Ohio
U.S. state
river

Ohrid /ˈɒx.ɹɪd/ /ˈəʊx.ɹɪd/ pn
Ochryda
city in southwestern North Macedonia

Ojibwe /əˈdʒɪbweɪ/ pn
odżibwe
Ojibwe (language)

Okazaki fragment n
fragment Okazaki odcinek Okazaki
one of many newly synthesized DNA fragments formed on the lagging template strand during replication

Okhtyrka pn
Ochtyrka
city

Okinawa [oʊkəˈnɑːwə] pn
Okinawa
prefecture

Okinawan pn
język okinawski
Okinawan language

Oklahoma /ˌoʊk.ləˈhoʊ.mə/ pn
Oklahoma
state

Oklahoman adj
oklahomski
of or relating to Oklahoma

Oklahoman n
Oklahomczyk Oklahomka
native or resident of Oklahoma

Olaf /ˈoʊl.æf/ /ˈoʊl.ɑːf/ /ˈoʊl.əf/ /ˈəʊl.æf/ /ˈəʊl.ɑːf/ /ˈəʊl.əf/ pn
Olaf
male given name

Old Armenian pn
staroormiański
language

Old Believer n
staroobrzędowiec staroobrzędówka starowier starowierca
believer in Russian Orthodoxy as it was before the church reforms

Old Catholic adj
starokatolicki
pertaining to a group of churches that split from the Roman Catholic Church

Old Church Slavonic pn
(język) [[staro-cerkiewno-słowiański]]
the first literary and liturgical Slavic language

Old East Slavic pn
język staroruski staroruski
language

Old English pn
staroangielski
ancestor language of modern English

Old English Sheepdog n
owczarek staroangielski
a breed of herding dog

Old French pn
starofrancuski
French language from 9th to the early 14th century

Old High German adj
staro-wysoko-niemiecki
Old High German

Old High German pn
język [[staro-wysoko-niemiecki]]
Old High German

Old Irish pn
staroirlandzki
language

Old Japanese pn
starojapoński
the Old Japanese language

Old Norse pn
staronordyjski
language of Scandinavia before 1400 }}

Old Novgorodian pn
staronowogrodzki
a dialect of Old East Slavic used in Novgorod

Old Persian pn
staroperski
ancestor language of Middle Persian, and via it of New Persian language

Old Polish pn
język staropolski staropolszczyzna
historical form of the Polish language

Old Prussian adj
staropruski
of or pertaining to the Old Prussian language or people

Old Saxon n
starosaksoński
the Old Saxon language

Old Slavonic pn
prasłowiański
Proto-Slavic
staro-cerkiewno-słowiański
Old Church Slavonic

Old Testament pn
Stary Testament
first half of the Christian Bible

Old Ukrainian pn
staroukraiński
West Russian descendant of Old East Slavic - specific to Old Ukrainian

Old World pn
Stary Świat
The Eastern Hemisphere, especially Europe, Africa and Asia

Old World monkey n
makakowate małpa ogoniasta
primates falling in the superfamily Cercopithecoidea

Oleg pn
Oleg
given name

Oleksandriia pn
Aleksandria
city

Oleksandrivsk pn
Aleksandrowsk
city

Oleksiak pn
Oleksiak

Olenekian pn
olenek
subdivision of the Triassic period

Oleshky pn
Oleszki
city

Olevsk pn
Olewsk
city

Olga /ˈoʊlɡə/ /ˈɒlɡə/ pn
Olga
female given name

Oligocene adj
oligoceński
of the Oligocene epoch

Oligocene pn
oligocen
Oligocene epoch

Oliver /ˈɑlɪvɚ/ /ˈɒlɪvə/ pn
Oliwer Oliwier
male given name

Olivia /oʊˈlɪvi.ə/ /əʊˈlɪvi.ə/ /əˈlɪ.vi.ə/ pn
Oliwia
female given name

Olomouc /ˈɒləmaʊts/ pn
Ołomuniec
city in the Czech Republic
ołomuniecki
city in the Czech Republic (used attributively)

Olomouc Region pn
kraj ołomuniecki
region in the Czech Republic

Olomouc cheese n
serki ołomunieckie twarożki ołomunieckie
Olomouc cheese

Olsztyn /ˈɒlʃtɪn/ pn
Olsztyn
city in northeastern Poland

Olympia /əˈlɪmpi.ə/ pn
Olimpia
ancient city in Greece
female given name

Olympiad /-əd/ /oʊˈlɪmpiˌæd/ /əˈlɪmpiæd/ n
olimpiada
period between celebrations of the ancient or modern Olympic Games
celebration of the ancient or modern Olympic Games

Olympic /oʊˈlɪm.pɪk/ /əˈlɪm.pɪk/ adj
olimpijski
of or pertaining to the Olympic Games

Olympic Games pn
Igrzyska olimpijskie
international multi-sport event inspired by the ancient festival
Igrzyska olimpijskie Olimpiada
sporting festival held every four or five years in southern Greece

Olympic Rings n
Koła Olimpijskie
symbol

Olympic Winter Games pn
Zimowe igrzyska olimpijskie
Olympic Winter Games

Olympic flame n
ogień olimpijski
symbol

Olympics pn
olimpiada
sport event

Olympus /əˈlɪmpəs/ pn
Olimp
mountain

Olza pn
Olza
river

Oman /oʊˈmæn/ /oʊˈmɑn/ /əʊˈmɑːn/ /əˈmɑːn/ pn
Oman
country in the Middle East

Omani adj
omański
Of, from, or pertaining to Oman, the Omani people or the Omani language

Omsk pn
Omsk
large city in Russia

Ondine's curse pn
klątwa Ondyny
medical condition, sufferers of which stop breathing if they fall asleep

Onega pn
Onega
a lake in Russia

Ontario /ɑnˈtɛəɹ.i.oʊ/ /ɒnˈtɛə.ɹi.əʊ/ pn
Ontario
Province in eastern Canada

Oort Cloud /ˈɔːrt klaʊd/ pn
Obłok Oorta
cloud of comets in the Solar System

Ophiuchus /ˌoʊ.fiˈjuː.kəs/ /ˌɑf.iˈjuː.kəs/ pn
Wężownik
zodiacal constellation of the northern summer

Opole pn
Opole
city in southern Poland

Opole Voivodeship pn
województwo opolskie
Opole Voivodeship

Oppenheimer /ˈɒpənˌhaɪmər/ pn
Oppenheimer
surname

Ops pn
Ops Ops Consivia
goddess

Oral pn
Uralsk

Oran pn
Oran
port city in Algeria

Orange Free State pn
Orania
former province of South Africa
former republic in southern Africa

Orcus /ˈɔːrkəs/ pn
Orkus
dwarf planet
god

Ordzhonikidze pn
Ordżonikidze
Former name of Pokrov

Ore Mountains pn
Rudawy
mountain range

Oregon /ˈɑɹɪɡən/ /ˈɒɹɪɡən/ /ˈɔɹəɡɪn/ /ˈɔɹɡən/ /ˈɔɹɪɡɑn/ /ˈɔɹɪɡən/ pn
Oregon
northwestern state of the United States of America

Oregon grape n
mahonia
Berberis aquifolium, syn. Mahonia aquifolium

Orenburg pn
Orenburg
city in Russia

Oresund /ˈɜːsʊnd/ /ˈɝsʊnd/ pn
Sund
strait

Oresund Bridge /ˌɜːsʊnd ˈbɹɪdʒ/ /ˌɜ˞sʊnd ˈbɹɪdʒ/ pn
most Kopenhaga – Malmö most nad Sundem
bridge

Oriental /ɒɹiˈɛntəl/ /ɔːɹiˈɛntəl/ adj
orientalny
of or relating to the Orient or Asia, especially the Far East

Oriental Mindoro pn
Oriental Mindoro
province of the Philippines

Oriental Republic of Uruguay pn
Orientalna Republika Urugwaju
official name of Uruguay

Oriental studies n
orientalistyka
an academic field of study that embraces Near Eastern and Far Eastern societies and cultures, languages, peoples, history and archaeology

Orikhiv pn
Orichiw Orzechów
city

Orinoco /ˌoɹ.ɪˈnoʊ.koʊ/ /ˌoʊ.ɹɪˈnoʊ.koʊ/ /ˌɒɹɪˈnəʊkəʊ/ pn
Orinoko
river

Orion /oʊˈɹaɪ.ən/ /ɒˈɹaɪ.ən/ /əʊˈɹaɪ.ən/ /əˈɹaɪ.ən/ pn
Orion
constellation
in mythology

Orion's Belt pn
Pas Oriona
bright asterism

Oriya pn
orija
language

Orleans /ˈɔɹ.li.ənz/ /ˈɔː.li.ənz/ pn
Orlean
capital city of Centre-Val de Loire, France

Oroch /ɔːɹɔt͡ʃ/ pn
oroczański oroczyński
language

Orontes /ɔːˈɹɒntiːz/ pn
Orontes
river in Western Asia

Orpheus /ˈɔɹfi.əs/ /ˈɔɹfjuːs/ pn
Orfeusz
the musician who searched for Eurydice

Orphic adj
dotyczący Orfeusza
Of or pertaining to Orphism and its doctrines and rituals

Orphism pn
orfizm
religious movement

Orthodox adj
ortodoksyjny (Judaizm)
of Orthodox Judaism
prawosławny prawowierny
of the Orthodox Churches

Orthodox Church n
cerkiew prawosławna
the Eastern body of Christendom

Orthodoxy /ˈɔːɹθədɑːksi/ /ˈɔːθədɒksi/ pn
prawosławie
the Eastern Orthodox Church and its foundations

Orwellian /ɔɹˈwɛli.ən/ /ɔːˈwɛli.ən/ adj
orwellowski
of or relating to Orwell, especially his dystopian novels

Orwellianism n
orwellizm
Orwellian systems or methods generally

Oryol pn
Orzeł
a city in Russia

Osaka /oʊˈsɑ.kə/ /əʊˈsæ.kə/ /əʊˈsɑːkə/ pn
Osaka
city in Honshū, Japan

Osh pn
Osz
Kyrgyz city

Oshnavieh pn
Osznawije
city in West Azerbaijan Province

Osiris /oʊˈsaɪɹɪs/ pn
Ozyrys
Egyptian god of the dead and of the underworld

Oskil pn
Oskoł
river in Russia and Ukraine

Oslo /ˈɑsloʊ/ /ˈɑzloʊ/ /ˈɒzləʊ/ pn
Oslo
Oslo (a county and municipality, the capital city of Norway)

Osmussaar pn
Osmussaar
Island in northwest Estonia

Osroene pn
Osroene
ancient kingdom

Osroenian adj
osroeński

Osroenian n
Osroenka Osroeńczyk

Ossetia /ɑˈsi.ʃə/ /ɑˈsɛt.i.ə/ /ɒˈsi(ː)ʃə/ /ɒˈsɛtɪə/ /əˈsɛt.i.ə/ /əˈsɛtɪə/ pn
Osetia
region in the Caucasus

Ossetian /ɑˈsi.ʃən/ /ɑˈsɛt.i.ən/ /ɑˈsɛt.jən/ /ɒˈsi(ː).ʃən/ /ɒˈsɛt.i.ən/ /ɒˈsɛt.jən/ adj
osetyjski
pertaining to Ossetia

Ossetian /ɑˈsi.ʃən/ /ɑˈsɛt.i.ən/ /ɑˈsɛt.jən/ /ɒˈsi(ː).ʃən/ /ɒˈsɛt.i.ən/ /ɒˈsɛt.jən/ n
Osetyjczyk Osetyjka
member of the people

Ossetian /ɑˈsi.ʃən/ /ɑˈsɛt.i.ən/ /ɑˈsɛt.jən/ /ɒˈsi(ː).ʃən/ /ɒˈsɛt.i.ən/ /ɒˈsɛt.jən/ pn
osetyjski
language

Oster pn
Oster
city in Ukraine

Ostrava pn
Ostrawa
city in the Czech Republic

Ostrogoth /ˈɒstrəɡɒθ/ n
Ostrogot Ostrogotka
member of a tribe of Eastern Goths

Ostrogothic adj
ostrogocki
of or pertaining to the Ostrogoths

Ostroh pn
Ostróg
city

Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski /ɒsˈtɹəʊ.vi.ɛts ʃviˌɛn.təʊkˈʃɪs.ki/ pn
Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski
town in Poland

Oswald pn
Oswald
male given name

Ottawa /ˈɑtəwə/ /ˈɑtəˌwɑ/ /ˈɒtəwə/ [ˈɑɾəwə] pn
Ottawa
capital of Canada

Otto /ˈɑtoʊ/ /ˈɒtəʊ/ pn
Odo Odon Otto Otton
male given name

Ottoman /ˈɑtəmən/ /ˈɒtəmən/ adj
osmański otomański
of the Islamic empire of Turkey

Ottoman Empire /ˈɑtəmən ˈɛmpaɪɹ/ /ˈɒtəmən ˈɛmpaɪə/ pn
Imperium Osmańskie
Turkish empire

Ouagadougou /ˈwɑːɡəˈduːɡuː/ pn
Wagadugu
capital of Burkina Faso

Ouija /ˈwiːd͡ʒi/ /ˈwiːd͡ʒə/ n
ouija
a board with letters of the alphabet and "yes" and "no"

Oulu pn
Oulu
city in Finland

Our Lady pn
Nasza Pani
Mary, mother of Jesus

Our Lady of Sorrows pn
Matka Boska Bolesna Matka Boża Siedmiobolesna
the grieving Mary

Overijssel pn
Overijssel
province of the Netherlands

Ovid /ˈɑvɪd/ /ˈɒvɪd/ pn
Owidiusz
Roman poet

Ovruch pn
Owrucz
city in Korosten Raion

Owston's tit n
sikora rdzawolica
Sittiparus owstoni

Oxford /ˈɑksfɚd/ /ˈɒksfəd/ /ˈɔːksfəd/ pn
Oksford Oxford
city

Oxfordian adj
oksfordzki
of or pertaining to Oxford

Oxfordian n
oksfordczyk oksfordka
native or resident of Oxford

Oxfordian pn
oksford
geologic age

Oxyrhynchus pn
Oksyrynchos
the city

P U interjection
fe fu fuj
response to an unpleasant scent

PDE n
równanie różniczkowe cząstkowe
initialism of partial differential equation

PIE /piː.aɪ.iː/ adj
pie.
Proto-Indo-European

PIN n
PIN
personal identification number

PPR pn
PRL
Polish People's Republic

PRC pn
ChRL
abbreviation of People’s Republic of China

PS n
PS
addendum to a letter

PVC n
wenflon
(medicine) peripheral venous catheter

Pachamama pn
Pachamama
goddess

Pacific adj
pacyficzny
related to the Pacific Ocean

Pacific Northwest pn
Wybrzeże Północno-Zachodnie
region of North America

Pacific Ocean pn
Ocean Spokojny Pacyfik Ocean Wielki
the world's largest body of water

Pacific saury n
sajra
Cololabis saira

Padishah /ˈpɑːdɪʃɑː/ n
padyszach
(historical) a ruler of a Muslim country or state

Padua pn
Padwa
city
province

Paeonia pn
Paeonia
land of the Paeonians

Paibian pn
Paib
subdivision of the Cambrian period

Pakistan /ˈpækəˌstaːn/ /ˈpækəˌstæn/ /ˈpækɪˌstæn/ /ˌpækɪˈstæn/ /ˌpækɪˈstɑːn/ /ˌpɑːkɪˈstɑːn/ pn
Pakistan
country in South Asia

Pakistani adj
pakistański
of, from, or pertaining to Pakistan, or its people

Pakistani n
Pakistańczyk Pakistanka
a person from Pakistan or of Pakistani descent

Palace of Westminster pn
pałac Westminsterski
building in London housing the House of Commons and House of Lords

Palaic /pəˈleɪ.ɪk/ adj
palajski
of or pertaining to Palaic language or its speakers

Palaic /pəˈleɪ.ɪk/ pn
język palajski
Indo-European language

Palanga pn
Połąga

Palatine Hill pn
Palatyn
hill of Rome

Palau /pəˈlaʊ/ pn
Palau Belau
Republic of Palau

Palearctic pn
Palearktyka
One of the major ecozones of the world

Paleo diet n
dieta paleo
paleolithic diet

Paleocene /ˌpeɪ.liː.əʊˈsiːn/ adj
paleoceński
of or pertaining to the Paleocene epoch

Paleocene /ˌpeɪ.liː.əʊˈsiːn/ pn
paleocen
geologic epoch

Paleogene adj
paleogeński
of period from 65 to 23 million years ago

Paleogene pn
paleogen
Paleogene period

Paleolithic /ˈpeɪl.ɪi.əʊˌlɪθ.ɪk/ /ˈpæl.ɪi.oʊˌlɪθ.ɪk/ pn
paleolit
Old Stone Age

Paleoproterozoic pn
paleoproterozoik
era 2,500-1,600 Ma

Paleozoic adj
paleozoiczny

Paleozoic pn
era paleozoiczna paleozoik
Paleozoic era

Palermo /pəˈlɛə(ɹ)məʊ/ /pəˈlɜː(ɹ)məʊ/ pn
Palermo
city
province

Palestine /ˈpæləˌstaɪn/ /ˈpæləˌstiːn/ pn
Palestyna
West Bank and Gaza Strip collectively
geographic region
historical: former British Mandate
historical: former British entity

Palestine sunbird n
nektarnik palestyński
Bird

Palestinian /pæl.əˈstɪn.i.ən/ adj
palestyński
of, from, or pertaining to Palestine and/or the Palestinian people

Palestinian /pæl.əˈstɪn.i.ən/ n
Palestynka Palestyńczyk
inhabitant of Palestine or Arab of Palestinian descent

Palestinian Authority pn
Autonomia Palestyńska

Pali /ˈpɑːli/ pn
pali
a Middle Indo-Aryan language

Pallas's bunting n
trznadel polarny
Emberiza pallasi

Pallas's grasshopper warbler n
świerszczak melodyjny
Locustella certhiola

Pallas's gull n
mewa orlica orlica
Ichthyaetus ichthyaetus

Pallas's leaf warbler n
świstunka złotawa
Phylloscopus proregulus

Palm Sunday n
Niedziela Palmowa
Sunday before Easter

Palma pn
Palma Palma de Mallorca
Palma, Majorca, Spain

Palmyra /pælˈmaɪ.ɹə/ pn
Palmyra
ancient city

Palmyrene /pælˈmaɪ.ɹiːn/ /ˈpæl.mɪˌɹiːn/ /ˌpæl.maɪˈɹiːn/ /ˌpæl.mɚˈiːn/ adj
palmyreński
of, from or relating to ancient Palmyra or Palmyrena

Pamir n
Pamirczyk Pamirka
inhabitant of Pamir

Pamir pn
Pamir Pamiry
mountain range

Pamplona /pæmˈploʊnə/ pn
Pamplona
city in Navarre of northern Spain

Pan pn
Pan
Greek god of nature

Pan-Slavism n
panslawizm
movement

Panama /ˈpæn.ə.mɑː/ pn
Panama
country

Panama Canal pn
Kanał Panamski
Canal

Panama hat n
panama
a type of brimmed hat from South America

Panamanian /pænəˈmeɪni.ən/ adj
panamski
pertaining to Panama

Panamanian /pænəˈmeɪni.ən/ n
Panamczyk Panamka
person from Panama
panamczyk panamka
person from Panama City

Panchatantra pn
Pańćatantra
a collection of Sanskrit and Pali animal fables in verse and prose

Panchen Lama n
panczenlama
second-highest ranking lama of the Gelug sect of Tibetan Buddhism

Pancras /ˈpæŋkɹəs/ pn
Pankracy
saint

Pandora /ˌpænˈdɔɹə/ pn
Pandora
Character in Greek mythology
Asteroid

Pandora's box n
puszka Pandory
a source of unforeseen trouble

Panevėžys pn
Poniewież
city in Lithuania

Pangaea /pænˈd͡ʒiː.ə/ pn
Pangea
supercontinent prior to Triassic

Pangkal Pinang pn
Pangkal Pinang
city in Indonesia

Panhellenic adj
panhelleński

Pannonia pn
Panonia
province of the Roman Empire

Pantheon pn
Panteon

Panzerfaust n
pancerfaust panzerfaust
grenade launcher

Papal States pn
Państwo Kościelne
state

Paphos pn
Pafos
city in Cyprus

Papua New Guinea /ˈpaːpwə ˌnjuː ˈɡɪ.ni/ /ˈpæ.pjuː.ə ˌnjuː ˈɡɪ.ni/ /ˈpæp.u.ə ˌnu ˈɡɪn.i/ /ˈpæp.uː.ə ˌnjuː ˈɡɪn.i/ pn
Papua-Nowa Gwinea
country in Oceania

Papuan adj
papuaski papuański
pertaining to Papua or Papua New Guinea

Paraclete /ˈpæɹəkliːt/ pn
Paraklet
the Holy Spirit, the Holy Ghost, especially in its role as comforter of the faithful

Paraguay /ˈpæɹ.ə.ɡwaɪ/ /ˈpæɹ.ə.ɡweɪ/ /ˈpɛɹ.ə.ɡwaɪ/ /ˈpɛɹ.ə.ɡweɪ/ pn
Paragwaj
country in South America

Paraguayan adj
paragwajski
pertaining to Paraguay

Paraguayan n
Paragwajczyk Paragwajka
person from Paraguay

Paralympian /ˌpæ.ɹəˈlɪm.pi.ən/ /ˌpæ.ɹəˈlɪm.pɪ.ən/ /ˌpɛ-/ n
paraolimpijczyk paraolimpijka
one who competes in the Paralympic Games

Paramaribo /pɑɹəˈmɑːɹɪbəʊ/ /ˌpɑɹəˈmɑɹəˌboʊ/ pn
Paramaribo
capital of Suriname

Paraná /pə.ˈɹɑː.nə/ /ˌpæ.ɹəˈnɑ/ /ˌpæ.ɹəˈnɑː/ pn
Paraná
state in southern Brazil

Paris /ˈpæɹ.ɪs/ /ˈpɛɹ.ɪs/ pn
Paryż
capital of France
cities in the U.S.
Parys Paryż
Trojan prince

Paris syndrome n
syndrom paryski
psychological disorder

Parisian /pəˈɹiʒən/ /pəˈɹɪzɪ.ən/ adj
paryski
of Paris

Parisian /pəˈɹiʒən/ /pəˈɹɪzɪ.ən/ n
paryżanin paryżanka
someone from Paris

Parkinson's disease n
choroba Parkinsona
Parkinson's disease

Parthia /ˈpɑɹθi.ə/ /ˈpɑːθi.ə/ pn
Partia
(historical) region

Parthian /ˈpɑɹθiən/ /ˈpɑːθɪən/ adj
partyjski
relating to Parthia

Parthian /ˈpɑɹθiən/ /ˈpɑːθɪən/ n
Part
person

Parthian Empire pn
Królestwo Pártow
ancient empire of Western Asia

Pasargadae pn
Pasargady
ancient city of Persia

Paschal Lamb /ˈpæs.kəl ˈlæm/ /ˈpɑːs.kəl ˈlæm/ n
Baranek Boży
Jesus Christ symbolized as a sacrifice
heraldry: a lamb depicted with nimbus and bearing a flag
the lamb eaten at Passover

Paschal Triduum /ˈpaskəl ˈtraɪ.dju.əm/ /ˈpaskəl ˈtɹɪ.dju.əm/ pn
Triduum Paschalne
a period of three days that begins with the liturgy on the evening of Maundy Thursday

Pashto /ˈpæʃtəʊ/ /ˈpʌʃtəʊ/ n
paszto
official language of Afghanistan

Pashtun adj
pasztuński
of or relating to the Pashtuns

Pashtun n
Pasztun Pasztunka
Pashtun person

Pashtunistan pn
Pasztunistan
geographic region historically inhabited by the indigenous Pashtun people

Pashtunwali pn
pasztunwali
Pashtun tribal code of conduct

Passarge pn
Pasłęka
river in eastern Europe

Passionist n
pasjonista pasjonistka
member of a Roman Catholic institute with emphasis on the Passion

Passover pn
Pascha
the one-day or multi-day biblical or Jewish festival

Pasterka /pasˈtɛɹkə/ pn
Pasterka
village in Gmina Radków, Kłodzko County, Lower Silesia, Poland

Pasterska Góra /pasˈtɛɹskə ˈɡuːɹə/ pn
Pasterska Góra
711m hill on the Czecho-Polish border

Patagonia /ˌpæ.təˈɡoʊ.ni.ə/ /ˌpæ.təˈɡoʊn.jə/ /ˌpæ.təˈɡəʊ.nɪ.ə/ pn
Patagonia
geographical region

Patricia /pəˈtɹɪʃə/ pn
Patrycja
female given name

Patrick /ˈpætɹɪk/ [ˈpʰæ.t̠ɹ̠̊˔ʷɪk̚] pn
Patryk
given name

Patroclus pn
Patroklos
character in the Iliad

Paul /pɑl/ /pɔl/ /pɔːl/ pn
Paweł
male given name
the Apostle

Paula /ˈpɑlə/ /ˈpɔːlə/ pn
Paulina
female given name

Pauline /ˈpɔːˌliːn/ pn
Paulina
female given name

Paulist n
paulin
a member of the religious order associated with Paul of Thebes, the First Hermit

Paulson pn
Pawelowicz
surname meaning "son of Paul"

Pavia /pəˈvi.ə/ pn
Pawia
capital
province

Pavlohrad pn
Pawłogród Pawłohrad
city

Pavo pn
Paw
constellation of the southern sky

Pax Romana pn
pokój rzymski

Peace Corps pn
Korpus Pokoju
US volunteerism agency

Peano arithmetic n
arytmetyka Peana

Pearl Harbor /ˌpɜːl ˈhɑːbə/ /ˌpɝ˞l ˈhɑɹbɚ/ pn
Pearl Harbor
a harbor on Oahu

Pecheneg /ˈpɛt͡ʃənɛɡ/ n
Pieczynieg
member of a Turkic people

Pechora pipit n
świergotek tundrowy
Anthus gustavi

Pegasus /ˈpɛɡ.ə.səs/ pn
Pegaz
constellation
mythical winged horse

Peking Man pn
człowiek pekiński
Homo erectus pekinensis

Peking duck n
kaczka po pekińsku
dish consisting of duck and pancake

Pekingese n
pekińczyk
dog

Pelagius /pɪˈleɪd͡ʒiəs/ pn
Pelagiusz
a given name of historical usage

Peloponnese /pɛləpəˈniːs/ pn
Peloponez
region of Greece

Penelope /pɪˈnɛləpi/ pn
Penelopa
wife of Odysseus

Pennsylvania /ˌpɛnsɪlˈveɪni.ə/ /ˌpɛnsɪlˈveɪnjə/ pn
Pensylwania
US state

Pennsylvanian /pɛnsʊlˈveɪ̯njɪn/ adj
pensylwański
geology: of a Pennsylvanian epoch
of or pertaining to Pennsylvania

Pennsylvanian /pɛnsʊlˈveɪ̯njɪn/ n
Pensylwanka Pensylwańczyk
resident of Pennsylvania
pensylwan
geology: Pennsylvanian epoch

Pentagon /ˈpɛntəɡɑn/ /ˈpɛntəɡən/ pn
Pentagon
headquarters of the United States Department of Defense

Pentateuch /ˈpɛn.təˌtjuːk/ /ˈpɪn.təˌtjuːk/ pn
Pięcioksiąg Pentateuch
first five books of the Bible

Pentecostal n
zielonoświątkowiec
a member of a Pentecostal church

Pentecostalism n
pentekostalizm
Christian religious movement

Pentecostalist adj
pentekostalny
of or pertaining to Pentecostalism

Pentecostalist n
zielonoświątkowiec
a member of the Pentecostalism movement

People of the Book n
Lud Księgi
Non-Muslims who adhere to an Abrahamic religion

People's Democratic Republic of Algeria pn
Algierska Republika Ludowo-Demokratyczna
official name of Algeria

People's Democratic Republic of Yemen pn
Ludowo-Demokratyczna Republika Jemenu
South Yemen

People's Republic of Bangladesh pn
Ludowa Republika Bangladeszu
People's Republic of Bangladesh

People's Republic of China pn
Chińska Republika Ludowa
official name of China

Pepsi /ˈpɛpsi/ n
pepsi
a portion of Pepsi

Perechyn pn
Pereczyn

Pereiaslav pn
Perejasław

Peremyshliany pn
Przemyślany
city

Pereschepyne pn
Pereszczepyne
city

Perevalsk pn
Perewalśk

Pericles /ˈpɛɹɪkliːz/ pn
Perykles
Greek politician

Perioikoi /ˌpɛɹiˈɔɪkɔɪ/ n
periojkowie
ancient inhabitant of Laconia

Perky effect n
efekt Perky

Perm pn
Perm
city in Russia

Permian /ˈpəːmɪən/ adj
permski
pertaining to the Perm region and its inhabitants
pertaining to the Permian period
pertaining to the Permic languages

Permian /ˈpəːmɪən/ pn
perm
Permian period

Permic pn
języki permskie
group of Finnic languages

Persephone /pəˈsɛfəni/ /pɚˈsɛfəniː/ pn
Persefona
Greek goddess

Perseus /ˈpɜː.si.əs/ /ˈpɜː.sjuːs/ /ˈpɜː.ʃəs/ /ˈpɝ.si.əs/ pn
Perseusz
mythical Greek warrior
constellation

Pershotravensk pn
Perszotrawenśk

Persia /ˈpɜː(ɹ).ʒə/ /ˈpɜː(ɹ)ʃə/ /ˈpɝʒə/ pn
Persja
region of ancient Iran

Persian /ˈpɜː(ɹ)ʃən/ /ˈpɜː.ʒən/ /ˈpɝʒən/ adj
perski
of or pertaining to the Persian language
of or pertaining to the Persian people
of, from, or pertaining to Persia

Persian /ˈpɜː(ɹ)ʃən/ /ˈpɜː.ʒən/ /ˈpɝʒən/ n
Pers Persjanka Persyjka
person from Persia
pers
Persian cat
perski
Persian language

Persian Gulf /ˌpɜːʒən ˈɡʌlf/ /ˌpɝʒən ˈɡʌlf/ pn
Zatoka Perska
gulf between Iran and the Arabian peninsula

Persianization n
czynienie perskim
assimilation of Persian (Iranian) cultural values

Persianize v
czynić perskim uczynić perskim
to make Persian

Perth /pɜːθ/ /pɝθ/ pn
Perth
city in Scotland
city in Western Australia

Peru /pəˈɹuː/ /ˈpɪəɹuː/ pn
Peru
country in South America

Perun pn
Perun Piorun
Slavic god of thunder

Peruvian /pə.ˈɹuː.vi.ən/ adj
peruwiański
pertaining to Peru

Peruvian /pə.ˈɹuː.vi.ən/ n
Peruwianka Peruwiańczyk
person from Peru

Peruvian slaty antshrike n
chronka zmienna
bird

Pervomaisk pn
Perwomajsk
city

Pervomaiskyi pn
Perwomajski
city

Peshawar /pɛˈʃəˌwɑːr/ pn
Peszawar
capital of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

Peter /ˈpitɚ/ /ˈpiːtə/ [ˈpʰitɚ] [ˈpʰiɾɚ] pn
List Piotra List [[św.]] Piotra List świętego Piotra Apostoła P
one of the epistles of Peter
Piotr
male given name
the Apostle

Peter Pan syndrome /piːtə pan ˈsɪndɹəʊm/ pn
syndrom Piotrusia Pana kompleks Piotrusia Pana
Supposed psychological phenomenon

Peter the Great pn
Piotr Wielki

Peters's elephantnose fish n
mruk Petersa
Gnathonemus petersii

Peterson /ˈpitɚsən/ pn
Pietrowicz
surname meaning "son of Peter"

Petey pn
Piotrek Piotruś
diminutive of Peter

Petrarchan sonnet n
sonet Petrarki sonet włoski
type of sonnet

Petrarchism /piˈtɹɑɹkɪzəm/ /pɛˈtɹɑɹkɪzəm/ /pɪˈtɹɑːkɪzəm/ n
petrarkizm
Petrarch's literary style

Petrine /ˈpiˌtɹaɪn/ /ˈpiːtɹaɪn/ adj
Piotrowy
Of or pertaining to people named Peter, particularly Saint Peter

Petrograd pn
Piotrogród
Saint Petersburg

Petropavl /ˈpɛtɹəˌpɑːvəl/ pn
Pietropawłowsk
Kazakh city

Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky pn
Pietropawłowsk Pietropawłowsk Kamczacki
city in Russia

Petrovich pn
Pietrowicz
Russian patronymic

Petrovo-Krasnosillia pn
Petrowo-Krasnosilla

Petrozavodsk pn
Pietrozawodsk
city in Russia

Phaistos /ˈfɛstɒs/ pn
Fajstos
ancient Minoan city in southern Crete

Phanariote n
fanariota
inhabitant of Fener; Ottoman official

Phanerozoic adj
fanerozoiczny
relating to the Phanerozoic eon

Phanerozoic pn
fanerozoik
geologic eon

Pharsalia /ˌfɑːˈseɪli.ə/ pn
Farsalia
poem by Lucan

Phaëthon /ˈfeɪətən/ /ˈfeɪəθən/ pn
Faeton
son of Helios

Philadelphia /fɪləˈdɛlfi.ə/ [fɪɫəˈdɜɫfi.ə] pn
Filadelfia
largest city in Pennsylvania

Philemon /fɪˈliːmɒn/ /fɪˈliːmən/ /ˈfɪləmən/ /ˌfaɪˈliːmɒn/ /ˌfaɪˈliːmən/ pn
Filemon List do Filemona
male given name
List do Filemona
book of the Bible

Philip /ˈfɪləp/ /ˈfɪlɪp/ pn
Filip
male given name
biblical persons

Philippians pn
List do Filipian
book of the Bible

Philippine Sea pn
Morze Filipińskie
sea

Philippine eagle n
małpożer
species of eagle endemic to the Philippines

Philippines /ˈfɪl.ə.pinz/ /ˈfɪl.ɪ.pinz/ pn
Filipiny
Republic of the Philippines

Philistine /-lə-/ /-stin/ /fɪˈlɪstin/ /ˈfɪlɪstaɪn/ /ˈfɪlɪˌstaɪn/ adj
filistyński
originating from ancient Philistia; of or pertaining to the ancient Philistines

Philistine /-lə-/ /-stin/ /fɪˈlɪstin/ /ˈfɪlɪstaɪn/ /ˈfɪlɪˌstaɪn/ n
Filistyn Filistynka
non-Semitic person from ancient Philistia

Phlegethon /ˈflɛd͡ʒɪθɑn/ /ˈflɛd͡ʒɪθɒn/ /ˈflɛɡɪθɑn/ /ˈflɛɡɪθɒn/ pn
Flegeton
river of the underworld

Phobos /ˈfoʊbəs/ pn
Fobos
mythology
moon of Mars

Phoenicia /fəˈniːʃɪə/ /fəˈnɪʃə/ /fəˈnɪʃɪə/ pn
Fenicja
land of the Phoenicians

Phoenician /fəˈniːʃ(ə)n/ /fəˈniːʃən/ /fəˈnɪʃ(ə)n/ adj
fenicki
of, from, or related to the country or civilisation of Phoenicia

Phoenician /fəˈniːʃ(ə)n/ /fəˈniːʃən/ /fəˈnɪʃ(ə)n/ n
Fenicjanin Fenicjanka
inhabitant of Phoenicia

Phoenician /fəˈniːʃ(ə)n/ /fəˈniːʃən/ /fəˈnɪʃ(ə)n/ pn
fenicki
Semitic language spoken by the inhabitants of Phoenicia

Phoenix /ˈfiːnɪks/ pn
Feniks
constellation
mythical firebird
Phoenix
capital city of Arizona, United States

Phoney War pn
dziwna wojna
Phoney War

Phrixus /ˈfrɪksəs/ pn
Friksos Fryksos
son of Athamas

Phrygia /ˈfɹɪd͡ʒ.i.ə/ pn
Frygia
ancient kingdom

Phrygian /ˈfɹɪd͡ʒɪən/ adj
frygijski
of or relating to Phrygia, its people or their culture

Phrygian /ˈfɹɪd͡ʒɪən/ n
Frygijczyk Frygijka
native or inhabitant of Phrygia

Phrygian cap n
czapka frygijska czapka wolności
conical close-fitting cap with the top bent forward

Pi Day /ˈpaɪ deɪ/ pn
Dzień Liczby Pi
March 14th, an annual celebration of the mathematical constant π (pi)

Piacenzian pn
piacent
subdivision of the Pliocene epoch

Piarist n
pijar
member of the Order of Poor Clerics Regular of the Mother of God of the Pious Schools

Piatykhatky pn
Pjatychatky
city

Picardy pn
Pikardia
region of France

Picardy third n
tercja pikardyjska
final major third

Pict /pɪkt/ n
Pikt
member of an ancient people of northern and central Scotland

Pictish /ˈpɪk.tɪʃ/ adj
piktyjski
pertaining to the Picts

Pictor pn
Malarz
constellation

Pidhaitsi pn
Podhajce
city

Pidhorodne pn
Pidhorodne
city

Pied Piper /paɪd ˈpaɪ.pə/ pn
Flecista z Hameln Szczurołap z Hameln
a folk tale
the main character in this story

Piedmont /ˈpiːdmɒnt/ pn
Piemont
region of Italy

Piedmontese /ˌpiːdmɒnˈtiːz/ adj
piemoncki
of, from, or relating to Piedmont

Piedmontese /ˌpiːdmɒnˈtiːz/ n
Piemontczyk Piemontka
inhabitant

Piedmontese /ˌpiːdmɒnˈtiːz/ pn
język piemoncki piemoncki
language

Piekary pn
Piekary
numerous places in Poland

Pijin /ˈpɪd͡ʒ(ɪ)n/ pn
neosalomoński
language spoken on the Solomon Islands, which is a form of Melanesian Pidgin

Pilate /ˈpaɪlət/ pn
Piłat Poncjusz Piłat
Pontius Pilate

Pilates /pɪˈlɑːtiːz/ n
pilates
physical fitness system

Pilsen pn
Pilzno
city in the Czech Republic

Pinocchian adj
pinokiowski
of or relating to Pinocchio

Pinocchio /pɪˈnoʊ.ki.oʊ/ /pɪˈnəʊ.kjəʊ/ /pɪˈnəʊ.kɪ.əʊ/ pn
Pinokio
fairy tale
protagonist

Pinsk pn
Pińsk
city in Belarus

Piraeus pn
Pireus
city

Pirandellian /ˌpɪɹənˈdɛlɪ.ən/ adj
pirandellowski
characteristic of the works of Luigi Pirandello

Pisa pn
Piza
city in Italy

Pisces /ˈpaɪsiːz/ /ˈpɪsiːz/ pn
Ryby
astrological sign
constellation

Piscis Austrinus pn
Południowa Ryba Ryba Południowa
constellation

Pittacus pn
Pittakos
statesman and lawgiver

Pivdenne pn
Piwdenne
city

Planck's constant n
stała Plancka
constant

Plato /ˈpleɪ.toʊ/ /ˈpleɪ.təʊ/ pn
Platon
Greek philosopher

Platonic /pləˈtɒnɪk/ adj
platoński
related to Plato

Platonic solid n
bryła platońska
Any one of five polyhedra

Platonism pn
platonizm
phillosophy of Plato

Platonist n
platonik platończyk
follower of Plato; holder of similar ideas

PlayStation n
PlayStation
series of video game consoles

Pleiades /ˈplaɪ.əˌdiz/ /ˈplaɪ.əˌdiːz/ /ˈpleɪ.əˌdiz/ /ˈpliː.əˌdiz/ pn
Plejady
Greek mythology
astronomy

Pleistocene /-toʊ-/ /ˈplaɪstəˌsiːn/ adj
plejstoceński
of the Pleistocene epoch

Pleistocene /-toʊ-/ /ˈplaɪstəˌsiːn/ pn
plejstocen
(geology) the Pleistocene epoch

Plethon /ˈpliːθɒn/ /ˈpliːθən/ pn
Pleton
Georgios Gemistos Plethon

Pliensbachian pn
pliensbach
a subdivision of the Jurassic period

Pliny /ˈplɪni/ pn
Pliniusz
Roman praenomen

Pliocene /ˈplaɪəsiːn/ adj
plioceński
of the Pliocene epoch

Pliocene /ˈplaɪəsiːn/ pn
pliocen
geology, the Pliocene epoch

Ploiești pn
Ploeszti
city in Romania

Plotinian adj
plotynistyczny

Plotinus /pləʊˈtaɪnəs/ pn
Plotyn
Roman philosopher

Plovdiv pn
Płowdiw
city

Plungė pn
Płungiany
city and municipality of Telšiai

Plurinational State of Bolivia pn
Wielonarodowe Państwo Boliwia
official name of Bolivia

Plutarch /ˈplu.tɑɹk/ /ˈpluː.tɑːk/ pn
Plutarch
Greek historian

Pluto /ˈplutoʊ/ /ˈpluːtəʊ/ [ˈpluɾoʊ] pn
Pluton
Kuiper belt object - a dwarf planet
god

Pluviôse /ˈpluvioʊs/ /ˈpluːvɪəʊs/ pn
pluviôse
the fifth month of the French Republican Calendar

Pnyx /ˈnɪks/ /ˈpnɪks/ pn
Pnyks
hill in Athens west of the Acropolis

Po pn
Pad
longest river in Italy

Po valley pn
Nizina Padańska
large plain in northern Italy

Pochaiv pn
Poczajów
city

Podgorica /ˈpɒdɡəɹɪtsa/ pn
Podgorica
capital and largest city of Montenegro

Podhale pn
Podhale
Poland's southernmost region

Podilsk pn
Podolsk
city

Podlaskie Voivodeship pn
województwo podlaskie
Podlaskie Voivodeship

Podolia pn
Podole

Podolsk pn
Podolsk
city

Podunk /ˈpoʊdʌŋk/ pn
Pcim Dolny Pipidówka
mythical small town of no importance

Pohrebyshche pn
Pehrebyszcze Pohrebyszcze

Poitou /pwɑˈtu/ /ˈpwɑːtuː/ /ˈpwʌtuː/ pn
Poitou Piktawia
historical region in France

Pokrov pn
Pokrow
city

Pokrovsk pn
Pokrowsk

Polabian pn
język połabski
West Slavic language

Polack /ˈpoʊlɑk/ /ˈpəʊlæk/ n
polaczek
derogatory: Polish person

Poland /ˈpoʊ.lənd/ /ˈpəʊ.lənd/ pn
Polska
European country

Poland Is Not Yet Lost pn
Mazurek Dąbrowskiego

Polaris /pɔʊˈlɑɹɪs/ pn
Gwiazda Polarna Polaris
α Ursae Minoris

Pole /poʊl/ /pɔʊl/ /pəʊl/ n
Polak Polka
person from Poland

Poleshuk n
Poleszuczka Poleszuk
member of an ethnic group descended from the people of Polesia

Polesia pn
Polesie
A swampland area in Belarus, Ukraine, Poland and Russia.

Polish /ˈpoʊlɪʃ/ /ˈpəʊlɪʃ/ adj
polski
of Poland or its language

Polish /ˈpoʊlɪʃ/ /ˈpəʊlɪʃ/ n
język polski polszczyzna
the language of Poland

Polish People's Republic pn
Polska Rzeczpospolita Ludowa
former country

Polish notation n
Notacja polska
notation for arithmetic formulae

Polish parliament n
chwiejny parlament
(idiomatic) an indecisive institution, inspired by a parliamentary tradition requiring unanimity

Polish plait n
kołtun
medical condition

Polish studies n
filologia polska polonistyka
academic discipline

Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth pn
Rzeczpospolita Rzeczpospolita Obojga Narodów
confederation of Poland and Lithuania

Polishness n
polskość polszczyzna
quality of being Polish

Polohy pn
Połohy
city

Polonism n
polonizm
word or phrase characteristic of the Polish language

Polonization n
polonizacja spolszczenie
Polonization

Polonize v
polonizować polszczyć spolonizować spolszczać spolszczyć
to make Polish

Polonne pn
Połonne
city

Polonophone adj
polskojęzyczny
Polish-speaking

Polotsk /ˈpɒlətsk/ pn
Połock
city in Belarus

Poltava pn
Obwód połtawski
oblast
Połtawa
city

Polynesia /pɒləˈniːzi.ə/ /ˌpɑːləˈniːʒə/ pn
Polinezja
part of Oceania

Polynesian adj
polinezyjski
of, from, or pertaining to Polynesia

Polynesian n
Polinezyjczyk Polinezyjka
person from Polynesia

Pomerania /ˌpɒməˈɹeɪniə/ pn
Pomorze
region of Europe on the southern shores of the Baltic Sea

Pomeranian /ˌpɒməˈɹeɪniən/ /ˌpɒməˈɹeɪnjən/ adj
pomorski
of, or relative to Pomerania

Pomeranian /ˌpɒməˈɹeɪniən/ /ˌpɒməˈɹeɪnjən/ n
Pomorzanin Pomorzanka
native or inhabitant of Pomerania
Szpic miniaturowy
breed of small, fluffy, energetic spitz dogs

Pomeranian Voivodeship pn
województwo pomorskie
Pomeranian Voivodeship

Pomichna pn
Pomiczna
city

Pompeii /pɑːmˈpeɪ(i)/ /pɒmˈpeɪ(i)/ pn
Pompeje
a historical city
the commune in Campania

Pontic /ˈpɒntɪk/ adj
pontyjski

Pontus /ˈpɑːntəs/ /ˈpɒntəs/ pn
Pont
a region on the southern coast of the Black Sea

Pooh /puː/ pn
Puchatek
short for Winnie the Pooh

Poohsticks /ˈpuːstɪks/ pn
misie-patysie
game

Popasna pn
Popasna
city

Popemobile n
papamobile
any of various vehicles with bulletproof glass sides used to transport the Pope

Poroshenko pn
Poroszenko
Ukrainian surname

Porphyry pn
Porfiriusz
Neoplatonic philosopher

Porsche /ˈpoɹ-/ /ˈpɔɹ.ʃi/ /ˈpɔɹ.ʃə/ /ˈpɔɹʃ/ /ˈpɔː.ʃi/ /ˈpɔː.ʃə/ /ˈpɔːʃ/ n
porsche
car of this brand

Port Louis pn
Port Louis
the capital city of Mauritius

Port of Spain /ˈpɔːt əv ˈspeɪn/ pn
Port-of-Spain
The capital of Trinidad and Tobago

Port-au-Prince /ˌpɔɹtoʊˈpɹæ̃s/ /ˌpɔɹtoʊˈpɹɪns/ /ˌpɔːtəʊˈpɹæ̃s/ /ˌpɔːtəʊˈpɹɪns/ pn
Port-au-Prince
capital of Haiti

Portugal /ˈpɔɹtuɡɑːl/ /ˈpɔɹt͡ʃəɡəl/ /ˈpɔːtjəɡəl/ /ˈpɔːt͡ʃəɡəl/ pn
Portugalia
country

Portuguese /ˈpɔɹ.t͡ʃə.ɡiz/ /ˌpɔː.t͡ʃəˈɡiːz/ adj
portugalski Portugalczyk
of or relating to the region of Portugal

Portuguese /ˈpɔɹ.t͡ʃə.ɡiz/ /ˌpɔː.t͡ʃəˈɡiːz/ n
Portugalczyk Portugalka portugalski
person native to Portugal

Portuguese /ˈpɔɹ.t͡ʃə.ɡiz/ /ˌpɔː.t͡ʃəˈɡiːz/ pn
portugalski Portugalczyk
the language

Portuguese Republic pn
Republika Portugalska
official name of Portugal

Portuguese Water Dog /ˌpɔɹtʃəɡiːz ˈwɔtɚ dɔɡ/ /ˌpɔːtʃəɡiːz ˈwɔːtə dɒɡ/ n
portugalski pies dowodny portugalski pies wodny
Portuguese Water Dog

Portuguese man-of-war /ˈmæn-/ /ˈpoɹ-/ /ˈpoɹ.tʃəˌɡiz ˌmæn.ə(v)ˈwoɹ/ /ˈpɔː.tʃʊˌɡiːz ˌmæn.ə(v)ˈwɔː/ n
żeglarz portugalski aretuza bąbelnica bąbelcowa
Physalia physalis

Portugueseness n
portugalskość
quality

Poseidon /pəˈsaɪdn̩/ pn
Posejdon
the god of the sea

Potawatomi n
Potawatomi
member of the Potawatomi people

Potsdam /ˈpɑtsdæm/ /ˈpɒtsdæm/ pn
Poczdam
city

Poznan /ˈpɒznæn/ pn
Poznań
city in Poland

Praetorian n
pretorianin
member of that force

Pragian pn
Prag
a subdivision of the Devonian period

Prague /pɹeɪ̯ɡ/ /pɹɑːɡ/ pn
Praga
capital of the Czech Republic
praski
attributive form of Prague

Praguer n
prażanin prażanka
A native or resident of Prague

Praia /ˈpɹaɪə/ pn
Praia
capital of Cape Verde

Prairial /pɹɛɹˈjɑl/ /ˈpɹɛːɹɪ.əl/ pn
prairial
the ninth month of French Republican Calendar

Prancer pn
Pyszałek
reindeer of Santa Claus

Prangli pn
Prangli
island

Presbyterian /ˌpɹɛz.bɪˈtɪəɹ.ɪ.ən/ /ˌpɹɛz.bɪˈtɪɹ.i.ən/ adj
prezbiteriański
relating to the Presbyterian Church

Presbyterian /ˌpɹɛz.bɪˈtɪəɹ.ɪ.ən/ /ˌpɹɛz.bɪˈtɪɹ.i.ən/ n
prezbiterianin prezbiterianka
person belonging to the Presbyterian Church

Presbyterianism n
prezbiterianizm
form of Protestantism

Pretoria /pɹəˈtɔːɹi.ə/ pn
Pretoria
administrative capital of South Africa

Prevost's squirrel n
wiewiórczak trójbarwny
a colourful Asian squirrel

Prešov pn
Preszów
City in Slovakia

Priabonian pn
Priabon
subdivision of the Eocene epoch

Pride /pɹaɪd/ pn
Pride
a festival primarily for LGBT people, usually organized annually within a city

Primorsky Krai pn
Kraj Nadmorski
federal subject of Russia

Primus stove n
prymus
portable kerosene stove

Prince Charming n
książę z bajki
romantically ideal man

Prince Edward Island pn
Wyspa Księcia Edwarda
Province in eastern Canada

Prince of Wales pn
książę Walii
royal title

Pripyat pn
Prypeć
abandoned city in Ukraine
river flowing through Ukraine and Belarus

Priscilla /pɹɪˈsɪlə/ pn
Pryscylla
biblical woman
female given name

Pristina pn
Prisztina
capital and largest city of Kosovo

Proclus /ˈpɹɒkləs/ pn
Proklos
An Ancient Greek-derived male given name

Procopius /pɹəˈkoʊ.pi.əs/ /pɹəˈkəʊ.piː.əs/ pn
Prokop Prokopiusz
male given name

Procrustes pn
Prokrust
legendary highwayman of Attica

Prohibition pn
prohibicja
period

Prometheus /pɹoʊˈmiθi.əs/ /pɹəˈmiːθi.əs/ pn
Prometeusz
Greek mythological figure

Promised Land n
ziemia obiecana
place which one eagerly seeks

Promised Land pn
Ziemia Obiecana
land promised by God

Proterozoic /ˌpɹoʊt(ə)ɹoʊˈzoʊɪk/ /ˌpɹoʊt(ə)ɹrəˈzoʊɪk/ /ˌpɹɒt(ə)ɹəʊˈzəʊɪk/ /ˌpɹɒt(ə)ɹəˈzəʊɪk/ pn
proterozoik
eon 2,500-541 Ma

Protestant /ˈpɹɑtɪstənt/ /ˈpɹɒtɪstənt/ adj
protestancki
pertaining to these denominatons

Protestant /ˈpɹɑtɪstənt/ /ˈpɹɒtɪstənt/ n
protestant protestantka
someone who is a member of such a denomination

Protestantism /ˈpɹɑ.tɪs.tən.tɪ.zəm/ /ˈpɹɑ.ɾɪs.tən.tɪ.zm̩/ /ˈpɹɒt.ɪs.tən.tɪ.zəm/ n
protestantyzm
faith

Proto-Germanic pn
pragermański
hypothetical prehistoric ancestor language

Proto-Indo-European /-ˌjɔːɹəˈ-/ /ˌpɹoʊ̯toʊ̯ˌɪndoʊ̯ˌjʊɹəˈpi.ən/ /ˌpɹəʊ̯təʊ̯ˌɪndə(ʊ̯)ˌjʊə̯ɹəˈpiːən/ adj
praindoeuropejski
pertaining to the Proto-Indo-European language, or the people who spoke it

Proto-Indo-European /-ˌjɔːɹəˈ-/ /ˌpɹoʊ̯toʊ̯ˌɪndoʊ̯ˌjʊɹəˈpi.ən/ /ˌpɹəʊ̯təʊ̯ˌɪndə(ʊ̯)ˌjʊə̯ɹəˈpiːən/ n
Praindoeuropejczyk
person who spoke the Proto-Indo-European language

Proto-Indo-European /-ˌjɔːɹəˈ-/ /ˌpɹoʊ̯toʊ̯ˌɪndoʊ̯ˌjʊɹəˈpi.ən/ /ˌpɹəʊ̯təʊ̯ˌɪndə(ʊ̯)ˌjʊə̯ɹəˈpiːən/ pn
praindoeuropejski
ancestor language of most European and Indian languages

Proto-Kartvelian pn
język prakartwelski
prehistoric ancestor language

Proto-Slavic adj
prasłowiański
of or pertaining to Proto-Slavic language or people who spoke it

Proto-Slavic pn
język prasłowiański prasłowiańszczyzna
Proto-Slavic

Proustian /ˈpɹusti.ən/ /ˈpɹuːstɪ.ən/ adj
proustowski
reminiscent of Marcel Proust or his works

Provence /pɹəˈvɒns/ /pɹəˈvɒ̃s/ pn
Prowansja
region in France

Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur pn
Prowansja-Alpy-Lazurowe Wybrzeże
region of France

Provençal /ˌpɹɒvɑːnˈsɑːl/ /ˌpɹɒvɒnˈsɑːl/ /ˌpɹɒvənˈsɑːl/ pn
prowansalski
dialect of the Occitan language

Proverbs pn
Księga Przysłów
book of the Bible

Provo /ˈpɹoʊ.voʊ/ /ˈpɹəʊ.vəʊ/ pn
Provo
city in Utah

Prozac pn
prozak
trade name for fluoxetine

Prudence pn
Prudencja
female given name

Prudnik pn
Prudnik
city in southern Poland

Prussia /ˈpɹʌʃə/ pn
Prusy
former German province
geographical area
former Baltic country

Prussian /ˈpɹʌ.ʃən/ adj
pruski
of Prussia

Prussian /ˈpɹʌ.ʃən/ pn
pruski
language

Prussian blue n
błękit pruski
pigment

Prussian red n
pruska czerwień
colour

Pruzhany pn
Prużana
A city in Belarus

Pryluky pn
Pryłuki Przyłuki
city

Prymorsk pn
Prymorśk

Pryvillia pn
Prywilla

Przemyśl /pəˈʃɛmɪʃəl/ pn
Przemyśl
a city in south-eastern Poland

Przewalski's horse /pʒɛˈvɑːlskiz ˈhɔː(ɹ)s/ n
koń Przewalskiego
Equus ferus przewalskii

Psalms /sæmz/ /sɑlmz/ /sɑmz/ /sɑːmz/ /sɔlmz/ /sɔmz/ pn
Księga Psalmów

Pskov pn
Psków
a city in Russia

Pskovian adj
pskowski
of or pertaining to Pskov

Psyche /ˈsaɪ.ki/ pn
Psyche
Greco-Roman goddess

Ptolemaic /ˌtɑl.əˈmeɪ.ɪk/ /ˌtɒl.əˈmeɪ.ɪk/ adj
ptolemejski Ptolemejski Ptolemeuszowski Ptolemeuszowy ptolemeuszowski
of, or pertaining to, Claudius Ptolemy

Ptolemy /ˈtɑləmi/ /ˈtɒləmi/ pn
Ptolemeusz
name of Greek origin

Puebla pn
Puebla
city

Puerto Galera /ˌpwɛɹtoʊ ɡɑ ˈleɪɹə/ pn
Puerto Galera
municipality of the Philippines

Puerto Rico /ˌpwɛə(ɹ)təˈɹiːkəʊ/ /ˌpwɛɹtoʊˈɹikoʊ/ /ˌpwɜː(ɹ)təˈɹiːkəʊ/ /ˌpɔɹtəˈɹikoʊ/ [ˌpɔɚɾəˈɹikoʊ] pn
Portoryko Puerto Rico
Caribbean Commonwealth

Punjab /pan.ˈdʒaːb/ /pə̃.ˈdʒaːb/ /pʌnˈdʒɑːb/ pn
Pendżab
geographical region in South Asia

Punjabi /pʊnˈd͡ʒɑːbi/ /pʌnˈd͡ʒɑːbi/ adj
pendżabski
of, pertaining to, descended from the people or culture of the Punjab, or written in the Punjabi language

Punjabi /pʊnˈd͡ʒɑːbi/ /pʌnˈd͡ʒɑːbi/ n
Pendżabczyk Pendżabka
resident of or immigrant from the Punjab
pendżabski pańdżabi
language spoken in the Punjab region, in eastern Pakistan and Northern India

Puppis pn
Rufa
constellation

Purgatory pn
czyściec
intermediate state after physical death

Purim /-im/ /puˈɹɪm/ /ˈpjʊəɹ-/ /ˈpʊəɹɪm/ pn
Purim Święto Losów
Jewish festival

Puritanism n
purytanizm
practices of the Puritans

Purkinje cell n
komórka Purkinjego

Pushilin pn
Puszylin
surname

Pushkin pn
Puszkin
Russian surname

Pushkinian adj
puszkinowski
of or relating to Alexander Pushkin

Puss in Boots pn
Kot w butach
fairy tale

Pustomyty pn
Pustomyty
city

Putin /ˈpuː.tɪn/ pn
Putin
surname

Putinesque adj
putinowski
reminiscent of the beliefs or policies of Vladimir Putin

Putinism pn
putinizm
the political policies of Vladimir Putin

Putinist n
putinista putinistka putinowiec putinówka
a supporter of Putinism

Putler [ˈput.lɚ] [ˈpuːt.lə] pn
Putler
derogatory name of Vladimir Putin

Putyvl pn
Putywl

Pyongyang /ˌpjɑŋˈjæŋ/ /ˌpjɒŋˈjæŋ/ /ˌpjɔŋˈjæŋ/ /ˌpjʌŋˈjɑŋ/ /ˌpjʌŋˈjɑːŋ/ pn
Pjongjang Phenian
capital of North Korea

Pyrenean /ˌpɪɹəˈniːən/ adj
pirenejski
of or pertaining to the Pyrenees

Pyrenees pn
Pireneje
the mountain range separating Spain from France

Pyriatyn pn
Pyriatyn

Pyrrhic victory /ˌpɪɹ.ɪk ˈvɪk.t(ə)ɹ.i/ n
pyrrusowe zwycięstwo
a costly victory

Pythagoras /paɪˈθæɡ.əɹ.əs/ /pɪˈθæɡ.əɹ.əs/ pn
Pitagoras
Ancient Greek mathematician and philosopher

Pythagorean /pɪˌθaɡəˈɹiːən/ adj
pitagorejski
of or relating to Pythagoras or his philosophy

Pythagorean theorem pn
twierdzenie Pitagorasa
mathematical theorem

Pythagorean trigonometric identity n
jedynka trygonometryczna
statement that sum of squares of sine and cosine equals one

Pythagorean triple n
trójka pitagorejska
set of three positive integers

Pythagoreanism n
pitagoreizm
beliefs held by Pythagoras and his followers

Python /ˈpaɪθɑn/ /ˈpaɪθɔn/ /ˈpaɪθən/ pn
Python
A programming language
Pyton
Greek mythology

Pyxis pn
Kompas
constellation

Pärnu pn
Parnawa
city in Estonia

Père David's tit n
sikora cynamonowa
Poecile davidi

Płock County pn
powiat płocki

Q /kju/ /kjuː/ /kjʉː/ n
D
playing card

Q and A n
QnA

Q.E.D. /ˌkjuˌiˈdi/ /ˌkjuːiːˈdiː/ phraseologicalUnit
c.b.d.o. c.b.d.u.

Qatar /kəˈtɑɹ/ /ˈkæˌtɑɹ/ /ˈkɑtɑɹ/ /ˈkɑtɚ/ /ˈkʌtəɹ/ /ˈɡɑtəɹ/ /ˈɡʌtəɹ/ pn
Katar
a country in the Middle East

Qatari /kəˈtɑːɹ.i/ adj
katarski
of, from, or pertaining to Qatar or the Qatari people

Qatari /kəˈtɑːɹ.i/ n
Katarczyk Katarka
person from Qatar or of Qatari descent

Quaker /ˈkweɪkɚ/ n
kwakier
believer of the Quaker faith

Quaternary pn
czwartorzęd
geological period

Quebec /keɪˈbɛk/ /kwəˈbɛk/ /kwɪˈbɛk/ /kəˈbɛk/ /kɛˈbɛk/ pn
Quebec
province
city

Quechua /ˈkɛt͡ʃwə/ /ˈkɛt͡ʃəwə/ pn
keczua kiczua
language

Quechuan /ˈkɛt͡ʃwən/ /ˈkɛt͡ʃəwən/ adj
keczuański kiczuański
of or pertaining to the Quechua people or language

Quentin /ˈkwɛntɪn/ /ˈkwɛ̃ʔɪn/ pn
Kwintyn
male given name

Quenya /ˈkwɛnjə/ [ˈkʷwɛɲja] pn
quenya
constructed language

Quezon City /kɛˈzɒn ˈsɪ.ti/ pn
Quezon City
city in Metro Manila, Philippines

Quidditch /ˈkwɪdɪt͡ʃ/ n
quidditch
fictitious ball game

Quinquagesima n
pięćdziesiątnica
Sunday 7 weeks before Easter

Quito /ˈkitoʊ/ /ˈkiːtəʊ/ pn
Quito
capital of Ecuador

Qur'an /koʊˈɹæn/ /kɔˈɹɑn/ /kəˈɹæn/ /kəˈɹɑn/ /kəˈɹɑːn/ pn
Koran
the Islamic holy book

Qur'anic adj
koraniczny
relating to the Quran

RAM /ɹæm/ n
RAM
random access memory

REM sleep n
faza REM
stage of sleep during which most brain activity and dreams occur, characterised by rapid eye movement

RFID n
RFID
radio-frequency identification (initialism)

RIP /ɑː(ɹ) aɪ ˈpiː/ /ɹɪp/ interjection
śp.
abbreviation: rest in peace

RNA n
RNA
abbreviation of ribonucleic acid

ROT13 n
ROT13

RPG n
RPG erpeg gra fabularna gra wyobraźni rolplej
role-playing game
RPG granatnik przeciwpancerny
rocket-propelled grenade
zbiórki na mecz
basketball: rebounds per game

RPN n
ONP
reverse Polish notation

RSS feed n
kanał RSS

Rabat /ɹɑːˈbæt/ /ɹɑːˈbɑːt/ /ɹəˈbæt/ /ɹəˈbɑːt/ pn
Rabat
capital city of Morocco

Rabbinic Judaism n
judaizm rabiniczny
Rabbinic Judaism

Rabinowitz pn
Rabinowicz
Rabinowitz

Rachel /ˈɹeɪt͡ʃəl/ pn
Rachela
younger daughter of Laban

Racibórz pn
Racibórz
city in Poland

Radde's warbler n
świstunka grubodzioba
Phylloscopus schwarzi

Radekhiv pn
Radziechów
city

Radomyshl pn
Radomyśl

Radviliškis pn
Radziwiliszki
city and municipality of Šiauliai

Radyvyliv pn
Radziwiłłów
city

Rajasthani pn
radżastański
Rajasthani language

Rakhiv pn
Rachów
city

Raków /ˈɹækuːf/ pn
Raków
Polish town 1569–1869 and village 1869–present, important centre of Socinianism in the 16th–17th CC.
gmina wiejska in Kielce County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, Poland

Ralph /ɹeɪf/ /ɹælf/ pn
Ralf
male given name

Rama pn
Rama
avatar of Lakshmi
river in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Ramadan /ɹæməˈdɑːn/ /ɹɑːməˈdɑːn/ /ˈɹæmədæn/ /ˈɹɑːmədɑːn/ pn
ramadan ramazan
holy ninth month of Islamic lunar calendar

Ramallah pn
Ramallah
city

Ramesses pn
Ramzes
name of pharaohs

Ranchi pn
Ranchi
capital of Jharkhand, India

Randstad pn
Randstad
a conurbation in the Netherlands

Raphael /ˈɹæf.eɪ.əl/ /ˈɹæf.eɪˌɛl/ /ˈɹæf.i.əl/ /ˈɹæf.ɛəl/ /ˈɹæf.ɪ.əl/ /ˌɹæf.aɪˈɛl/ /ˌɹɑː.faɪˈɛl/ pn
Rafał
Archangel
given name

Rapunzel /ɹəˈpʌnzəl/ pn
Roszpunka
a German fairy tale
the main character of that tale

Rastafarian n
rastafarianin rastafarianka rastaman rastamanka
an adherent of Rastafarianism

Rava-Ruska pn
Rawa Ruska
city

Ravenna pn
Rawenna
city
province

Raymond /ˈɹeɪmənd/ pn
Rajmund
male given name

Reaganomics /ˌreɪɡəˈnɑmɪks/ /ˌreɪɡəˈnɒmɪks/ n
reaganomika
economic idea

Rebecca /ɹɪˈbɛkə/ pn
Rebeka
female given name

Rebekah pn
Rebeka
sister of Laban and wife to Isaac

Red Army pn
Armia Czerwona
name of the Soviet army

Red Army man n
czerwonoarmista czerwonoarmistka
the lowest military rank of the Red Army

Red Crescent pn
Czerwony Półksiężyc
branch of the Red Cross

Red Cross pn
Czerwony Krzyż
Red Cross

Red Sea pn
Morze Czerwone
sea between Africa and Arabia

Red Square pn
Plac Czerwony
Moscow square

Redeemer pn
Odkupiciel Zbawiciel
Jesus Christ

Reformation pn
reformacja
religious movement

Rega pn
Rega
river in northwest Poland

Regensburg pn
Ratyzbona
city in Germany

Rehoboam n
Roboam
Judean king

Reich /ɹaɪk/ /ɹaɪx/ n
rzesza imperium
a German empire or nation

Renaissance /ɹɘˈnæɪsɒns/ /ɹɘˈnæɪsɘns/ /ɹəˈneɪs(ə)ns/ /ɹəˈneɪsɑːns/ /ɹəˈneɪsɒ̃(n)s/ /ɹəˈnæɪsɔns/ /ɹəˈnæɪsəns/ /ˈɹenɘˌsɒns/ /ˈɹenəˌsɔns/ /ˈɹɛnəˌsɑns/ /ˌɹɛnəˈsɑns/ /ˌɹɛnəˈsɒ̃(n)s/ adj
renesansowy
relating to the Renaissance
relating to the style of the Renaissance

Renaissance /ɹɘˈnæɪsɒns/ /ɹɘˈnæɪsɘns/ /ɹəˈneɪs(ə)ns/ /ɹəˈneɪsɑːns/ /ɹəˈneɪsɒ̃(n)s/ /ɹəˈnæɪsɔns/ /ɹəˈnæɪsəns/ /ˈɹenɘˌsɒns/ /ˈɹenəˌsɔns/ /ˈɹɛnəˌsɑns/ /ˌɹɛnəˈsɑns/ /ˌɹɛnəˈsɒ̃(n)s/ pn
Odrodzenie Renesans odrodzenie renesans
14th-century revival
the period
odrodzenie renesans
any similar revival

Renata /ɹəˈnɐːtɐ/ /ɹəˈnɑːtʌ/ pn
Renata
female given name

Reni pn
Reni

Republic of Albania pn
Republika Albanii
Official name of Albania

Republic of Armenia pn
Republika Armenii
official name of Armenia

Republic of Austria pn
Republika Austrii
official name of Austria

Republic of Azerbaijan pn
Republika Azerbejdżanu
official name of Azerbaijan

Republic of Belarus pn
Republika Białorusi
official name of Belarus

Republic of Bulgaria pn
Republika Bułgarii
official name of Bulgaria

Republic of China pn
Republika Chińska Tajwan
state in East Asia

Republic of Croatia pn
Republika Chorwacji
official name of Croatia

Republic of Cyprus pn
Republika Cypryjska
official name of Cyprus

Republic of Estonia pn
Republika Estońska
official name of Estonia

Republic of Finland pn
Republika Finlandii
long form of Finland

Republic of Ghana pn
Republika Ghany
official name of Ghana

Republic of Guinea-Bissau pn
Republika Gwinei Bissau
official name of Guinea-Bissau

Republic of Hungary pn
Republika Węgierska
former official name of Hungary

Republic of Iceland pn
Republika Islandii
conventional descriptive name of Iceland

Republic of India pn
Republika Indii
official name of India

Republic of Indonesia pn
Republika Indonezji
official name of Indonesia

Republic of Iraq pn
Republika Iraku
official name of Iraq

Republic of Ireland /ɹɪˈpʌblɪk əv ˈaɪə(ɹ)lənd/ pn
Republika Irlandii
country

Republic of Kazakhstan pn
Republika Kazachstanu
sovereign state

Republic of Korea pn
Republika Korei
country

Republic of Latvia pn
Republika Łotewska
Official name of Latvia

Republic of Letters pn
Republika listów Rzeczpospolita uczonych
the intellectual community in the late 17th and 18th centuries in Europe and the Americas

Republic of Liberia pn
Republika Liberii

Republic of Lithuania pn
Republika Litewska
Official name of Lithuania

Republic of Macedonia pn
Republika Macedonii
Republic of Macedonia

Republic of Malta pn
Republika Malty
official name of Malta

Republic of North Macedonia pn
Republika Macedonii Północnej
Republic of North Macedonia

Republic of Poland pn
Rzeczpospolita Polska
official name of Poland

Republic of Serbia pn
Republika Serbii
official name of Serbia

Republic of Singapore pn
Republika Singapuru
official name of Singapore

Republic of Slovenia pn
Republika Słowenii
official name of Slovenia

Republic of South Africa pn
RPA Republika Południowej Afryki
official name of South Africa

Republic of South Sudan pn
Republika Sudanu Południowego
official name of South Sudan

Republic of Tajikistan pn
Republika Tadżykistanu
official name of Tajikistan

Republic of Turkey pn
Republika Turcji
former official name of the country of Turkey

Republic of Uzbekistan pn
Republika Uzbekistanu
official name of Uzbekistan

Republic of the Congo pn
Republika Konga
country

Republic of the Philippines pn
Republika Filipin
country in Southeast Asia

Republican n
republikanin
supporter of the Republican Party of the U.S.

Reshetylivka pn
Reszetyliwka

Resurrection pn
zmartwychwstanie rezurekcja
resurrection of Jesus

Reticulum pn
Sieć
small constellation of the southern summer sky

Revelation pn
Apokalipsa
book of Bible

Reverend /ˈɹɛvəɹənd/ /ˈɹɛvɹənd/ n
wielebny
honorary title added to the names of Christian clergy

Reykjavík /ˈɹeɪk.jə.vɪk/ /ˈɹɛk.jə.vɪk/ pn
Rejkiawik Reykjavik
capital of Iceland

Rhaeto-Romance /ˌɹiːtəʊɹə(ʊ)ˈmans/ pn
retoromański retycki
a group of related Romance languages

Rhea /ˈɹiː.ə/ pn
Rea Reja
goddess
moon

Rhesus factor n
czynnik Rh
RhD-antigen

Rhine /ɹaɪn/ pn
Ren
river that flows through Europe

Rhineland /ˈɹaɪnlænd/ pn
Nadrenia
land on both sides of the river Rhine

Rhineland-Palatinate pn
Nadrenia-Palatynat
state

Rhode Island /ˌɹoʊd ˈaɪ.lənd/ /ˌɹəʊd ˈaɪ.lənd/ pn
Rhode Island
a state of the United States of America

Rhodes /ɹoʊdz/ /ɹəʊdz/ pn
Rodos
island

Rhodopes pn
Rodopy
mountain range in Southeastern Europe

Rhone pn
Rodan
river

Rhuddanian pn
Rhuddan
subdivision of the Silurian period

Richard /ˈɹɪt͡ʃ.əd/ /ˈɹɪt͡ʃ.ɚd/ pn
Ryszard
male given name

Richard's pipit n
świergotek szponiasty
Anthus richardi

Richter scale pn
skala Richtera
logarithmic scale

Riga /ˈɹiːɡə/ pn
Ryga
capital of Latvia

Rigan adj
ryski
from Riga

Rigan n
ryżanin ryżanka
someone from Riga

Rigel /ˈɹaɪd͡ʒəl/ pn
Rigel
star

Rijeka /ɹiˈjɛkə/ /ɹiːˈɛkə/ /ɹɪˈjɛkə/ pn
Rijeka
coastal city in Croatia

Riksmål pn
riksmål
a variety of Norwegian

Rimini pn
Rimini
a resort town in Italy
province of Italy

Rio Grande /ˌɹiːoʊˈɡɹænd/ /ˌɹiːoʊˈɡɹændeɪ/ /ˌɹiːoʊˈɡɹɑːndeɪ/ pn
Rio Grande
river between Mexico and Texas

Rio de Janeiro /ˈɹiːəʊ de ʒəˈneəɹəʊ/ /ˈɹiːəʊ dɪ ʒəˈnɪəɹəʊ/ pn
Rio de Janeiro
municipality
state

Rivne pn
Obwód rówieński
oblast
Równe
city

Riyadh /ɹiˈjɑːd/ pn
Rijad
capital of Saudi Arabia

Roadian pn
road
subdivision of the Permian period

Robert /ˈɹɑb.ɚt/ /ˈɹɒb.ət/ pn
Robert
given name

Roberta pn
Roberta
female given name

Robin Hood /ˈɹɑbɪn hʊd/ /ˌɹɒbɪn ˈhʊd/ pn
Robin Hood
legendary outlaw

Roblox pn
Roblox
the game Roblox

Rocco pn
Roch
male given name

Rocky Mountains pn
Góry Skaliste
mountain range

Rodnovery pn
rodzimowierstwo rodzimowierstwo słowiańskie słowianowierstwo
Slavic paganism and neopaganism

Rodynske pn
Rodynśke
city

Roger /ˈɹɑ.d͡ʒɚ/ /ˈɹɒd͡ʒ.ə/ pn
Roger
male given name

Rohatyn pn
Rohatyn

Rohingya /ɹoʊˈhɪn.d͡ʒə/ /ɹoʊˈhɪŋ.d͡ʒə/ /ɹoʊˈhɪŋ.jə/ /ɹoʊˈhɪŋ.ɡə/ /ɹəʊˈhɪn.d͡ʒə/ /ɹəʊˈhɪŋ.d͡ʒə/ /ɹəʊˈhɪŋ.jə/ /ɹəʊˈhɪŋ.ɡə/ /ˈɹəʊhɪŋ.d͡ʒə/ /ˈɹəʊhɪŋ.jə/ n
Rohingja
Rohingya-speaking people

Rohingya /ɹoʊˈhɪn.d͡ʒə/ /ɹoʊˈhɪŋ.d͡ʒə/ /ɹoʊˈhɪŋ.jə/ /ɹoʊˈhɪŋ.ɡə/ /ɹəʊˈhɪn.d͡ʒə/ /ɹəʊˈhɪŋ.d͡ʒə/ /ɹəʊˈhɪŋ.jə/ /ɹəʊˈhɪŋ.ɡə/ /ˈɹəʊhɪŋ.d͡ʒə/ /ˈɹəʊhɪŋ.jə/ pn
język rohingya
language

Rojava pn
Rożawa
region in northern and northeastern Syria

Rokiškis pn
Rakiszki
city in Lithuania

Roland pn
Roland
male given name

Rom /ɹoʊm/ /ɹəʊm/ n
Cygan Cyganka Rom Romka
a member of the Romani people

Roma pn
Romowie
the Romani people

Romaine lettuce n
sałata rzymska
Lactuca sativa longifolia

Roman /ˈɹoʊ.mən/ /ˈɹəʊ.mən/ adj
rzymski
of or from Rome
of or from the Roman Empire

Roman /ˈɹoʊ.mən/ /ˈɹəʊ.mən/ n
Rzymianin Rzymianka
a native or inhabitant of the Roman Empire
rzymianin rzymianka
a native or resident of Rome
łacinka
the Roman script

Roman /ˈɹoʊ.mən/ /ˈɹəʊ.mən/ pn
Roman
male given name

Roman Catholic adj
rzymskokatolicki
of or pertaining to the Roman Catholic Church
of or pertaining to the Roman/Latin Rite

Roman Catholic n
katoliczka katolik
person

Roman Catholicism pn
katolicyzm zachodni rzymski katolicyzm
set of beliefs

Roman Empire /ˈɹoʊmən ˈɛmpaɪɚ/ /ˈɹəʊmən ˈɛmpaɪə/ pn
Cesarstwo Rzymskie Imperium Rzymskie
ancient Latin empire

Roman law n
rzymskie prawo
legal system of Ancient Rome

Roman numeral n
cyfra rzymska
numeral represented by letters

Roman road n
droga rzymska
road built by the Romans

Romance adj
romański
of or dealing with languages or cultures derived from Roman influence and Latin

Romanesque /ˌɹoʊməˈnɛsk/ /ˌɹəʊməˈnɛsk/ adj
romański
Applied to the debased style of the later Roman empire

Romani /ɹəˈmɑː.ni/ /ˈɹoʊ.mə.ni/ /ˈɹɑ.mə.ni/ /ˈɹɒ.mə.ni/ /ˈɹɒm.ni/ /ˈɹəʊ.mə.ni/ pn
język cygański język romski romani
language

Romani studies n
romologia
field of study concerned with the culture, history and language of the Romani people

Romania /ɹoʊˈmeɪ.ni.ə/ /ɹəʊˈmeɪ.ni.ə/ pn
Rumunia
South-Eastern European country

Romanian /ɹoʊˈmeɪ.ni.ən/ /ɹoˈmɪ.ni.ən/ /ɹəʊˈmeɪ.ni.ən/ /ɹəˈmeɪ.ni.ən/ adj
rumuński
of or relating to Romania, its people, or language

Romanian /ɹoʊˈmeɪ.ni.ən/ /ɹoˈmɪ.ni.ən/ /ɹəʊˈmeɪ.ni.ən/ /ɹəˈmeɪ.ni.ən/ n
Rumun Rumunka
native of Romania
rumuński Rumuński
official language of Romania

Romanianization n
rumunizacja

Romanization /ˌɹəʊmənaɪˈzeɪʃən/ n
latynizacja romanizacja
putting text into the Latin (Roman) alphabet

Romanoff pn
Romanow
imperial dynasty

Romans /ˈɹoʊmənz/ /ˈɹəʊmənz/ pn
List do Rzymian
30th sura of the Qur'an
book of the Bible

Romansch /ɹoʊˈmænʃ/ /ɹoʊˈmɑnʃ/ /ɹə(ʊ)ˈmanʃ/ pn
romansz
the Romance language

Romantic adj
romantyczny
Of or pertaining to Romanticism
romański
Of or pertaining to Romance

Romanticism pn
romantyzm
artistic and intellectual movement

Rome /ɹoʊm/ /ɹum/ /ɹəʊm/ pn
Rzym
city, capital of Italy

Rome wasn't built in a day proverb
nie od razu Kraków zbudowano nie od razu Rzym zbudowano
it takes a long time to create something complicated or impressive

Romeo /ˈɹoʊmioʊ/ n
casanova donżuan romeo żigolak
man who is a great lover

Romeo /ˈɹoʊmioʊ/ pn
Romeo
character in Romeo and Juliet

Romny pn
Romny
city

Roquefort n
rokfor roquefort
blue cheese made from sheep's milk, produced in France

Rorschach test /ˈɹɔɹʃək tɛst/ /ˈɹɔɹˌʃæk tɛst/ /ˈɹɔːʃæk tɛst/ /ˈɹɔːʃɑːk tɛst/ n
test Rorschacha test plam atramentowych
method of psychological evaluation that uses subject's interpretations of inkblots

Rosalie pn
Rozalia
female given name

Rosamund /ˈroʊzəmənd/ /ˈrɒzəmənd/ pn
Rozamunda
female given name

Rose pn
Róża
female given name

Roseau /ɹəʊˈzəʊ/ pn
Roseau
capital of Dominica

Rosetta Stone pn
Kamień z Rosetty
large inscribed stone

Rosh Hashanah /ˌɹɑʃ (h)əˈʃɑnə/ /ˌɹɒʃ həˈʃɑːnə/ pn
Rosz ha-Szana Święto Trąbek
Jewish holiday

Ross's gull n
mewa różowa
Rhodostethia rosea

Rostov pn
Rostów
Rostov Veliky, Yaroslavl Oblast, Russia

Rostov-on-Don pn
Rostów nad Donem
city in Russia

Rotterdammer n
rotterdamczyk rotterdamka
person from Rotterdam

Rottweiler /ˈɹɒtvaɪlə(ɹ)/ /ˈɹɒtwaɪlə(ɹ)/ n
rottweiler
breed of dog

Round Table pn
Okrągły Stół
King Arthur's table

Rovaniemi /ˈɹəʊvənɪəmɪ/ pn
Rovaniemi
city and municipality in Lapland

Rovenky pn
Roweńki
city

Roxana pn
Roksana
female given name

Rozdilna pn
Rozdzielna
city

Rozhyshche pn
Rożyszcze
city in Lutsk Raion

Rubicon /-k(ə)n/ /ˈɹubəˌkɑn/ /ˈɹuːbɪkɒn/ pn
Rubikon
small river in northeastern Italy

Rubik's cube n
kostka Rubika
cubical mechanical puzzle

Rubizhne pn
Rubiżne
city

Rudky pn
Rudki
city

Rudolph /ˈɹuːdɒ(l)f/ pn
Rudolf
male given name

Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer pn
Rudolf Czerwononosy
the red-nosed reindeer

Ruhr Area pn
Zagłębie Ruhry
area in Germany

Rumpelstiltskin pn
Hałasik
the fairy tale
Titelitury Hałasik Rumpelsztyk Rupiec-Kopeć
the fictional dwarf

Rupelian pn
Rupel
subdivision of the Oligocene epoch

Rus /ɹuːs/ /ɹʌs/ pn
Ruś
any of the medieval East Slavic principalities
medieval East Slavic state
people

Ruscism /ˈɹʌʃɪzm/ pn
raszyzm
(politics, neologism, slang, derogatory) Russian fascism

Rusian adj
ruski
from or related to the medieval state of Kievan Rus
ruski staroruski
related to the Rus (people)

Ruslana pn
Rusłana
a female name

Russia /ˈɹʌʃə/ pn
Rosja Moskwa
country in Eastern Europe and North Asia

Russia leather n
jucht
a form of leather

Russian /ˈɹʌʃ(ə)n/ adj
rosyjski ruski Rosjanin
of or pertaining to Russia
ruski staroruski
of or pertaining to Rus

Russian /ˈɹʌʃ(ə)n/ n
Rosjanin Rosjanka
ethnic Russian
Rosjanin Rosjanka Moskal Moskwicin Rusek Ruski
person from Russia
język rosyjski ruski ruszczyzna rosyjski
Russian (language)

Russian Blue n
kot rosyjski niebieski
cat breed

Russian Empire pn
Cesarstwo Rosyjskie Imperium Rosyjskie
state

Russian Federation pn
Federacja Rosyjska
alternative formal name of Russia

Russian Orthodox Church pn
Rosyjski Kościół Prawosławny
one of the autocephalous Eastern Orthodox Christian churches

Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic /ˈɹɐʃən ˈsɐʉviːət fedəɹətɪv ˈsɐʉʃəɫɪst ɹəˈpɐbɫɪk/ /ˈɹʌʃən ˈsoʊvjət ˈfɛdɚˌɹeɪtɪv ˈsəʊʃəlɪst ɹəˈpʌblɪk/ /ˈɹʌʃən ˈsɒvi.ət ˈfɛd(ə)ɹətɪv ˈsəʊʃəlɪst ɹɪˈpʌblɪk/ pn
Rosyjska Federacyjna Socjalistyczna Republika Radziecka
official name for modern day Russia before the collapse of the Soviet Union

Russian doll n
matrioszka
wooden doll

Russian roulette pn
rosyjska ruletka
deadly game with revolver and random spinning

Russian studies n
rusycystyka
academic discipline

Russianism n
rusycyzm
a word or other feature originating in the Russian language

Russianness n
rosyjskość ruszczyzna
quality of being Russian

Russification n
rusyfikacja
process of making anything Russian

Russify /ˈɹuːsɪˌfaɪ̯/ /ˈɹʌsɪˌfaɪ̯/ v
rusyfikować zrusyfikować
to make or become more Russian

Russki /ˈɹus.ki/ /ˈɹʌs.ki/ n
kacap Moskal Rusek Ruski Ruska kacapka
alternative term for Russian (derogatory)

Russo- /ˈɹuːsoʊ/ /ˈɹʌsoʊ/ prefix
rosyjsko-
relating to Russia or Russian

Russophobe /ˈɹuːsəfoʊ̯b/ /ˈɹʌsə(ʊ̯)fəʊ̯b/ /ˈɹʌsəfoʊ̯b/ n
rusofob
one who hates or fears Russians

Russophobia n
rusofobia
the fear or hatred of Russia or Russians

Russophone adj
rosyjskojęzyczny
Russian-speaking

Rusyn /ˈruːsɪn/ adj
rusiński
of or pertaining to the Rusyn people, culture, or language

Rusyn /ˈruːsɪn/ n
Rusin Rusnak Ruśniak
member of a people

Ruth /ɹuːθ/ pn
Księga Rut Rut
book of the Bible
Rut Księga Rut
female given name

Ruthenia /ɹuːˈθiː.ni.ə/ pn
Ruś
alternative name of Rus

Ruthenian n
Rusak Rusin Rusnak Ruśniak
A person from the Rus people

Ruy Lopez pn
partia hiszpańska
a common chess opening

Rwanda /ɹuˈændə/ /ɹuˈɑndə/ /ɹəˈwændə/ /ɹəˈwɑndə/ /ɹəˈwɒndə/ pn
Rwanda Ruanda
country

Ryazan pn
Riazań
city in Russia

Rzeczpospolita /ʒɛt͡ʃˌpɒspəˈlaɪtə/ /ʒɛt͡ʃˌpɒsˈpɒlɪtə/ pn
Rzeczpospolita
Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth

Rzeszów /ˈʒɛʃuːf/ pn
Rzeszów
city in Poland

Rzhev Meat Grinder pn
bitwy rżewskie
slang: Battles of Rzhev

Rzhyshchiv pn
Rzyszczów
city

Réunion /ɹeɪ.uːniˈɒn/ /ɹiːˈjuːnjən/ pn
Reunion
Overseas department of France

Rügen pn
Rugia
Germany’s largest island

Rüppell's fox n
lis piaskowy
Vulpes rueppellii

Rüppell's warbler n
pokrzewka czarnogardła
Sylvia ruppeli

Rēzekne pn
Rzeżyca
city in Latvia

S-train n
szybka kolej miejska
commuter rail/metro system within a metropolitan area

SIM card n
karta SIM
small, removable card which stores mobile phone data

SKU /skjuː/ /skuː/ /ˌɛsˌkeɪˈjuː/ n
SKU jednostka magazynowa
stock keeping unit

SME n
MŚP
Small and Medium-sized Enterprise

SMS /ˌɛs ɛm ˈɛs/ n
SMS esemes
a text message sent on a cell phone

SMS /ˌɛs ɛm ˈɛs/ v
esemesować
to send a message on a cell phone

SNAFU /snæˈfuː/ /ˈsnɑːfuː/ n
bajer bałagan burdel rozpierducha sajgon
ridiculously chaotic situation
obsuwa potknięcie wpadka
major glitch or breakdown

SSR n
SRR
abbreviation of Soviet Socialist Republic

SW n
PZ
compass point

SWIFT /swɪft/ pn
SWIFT
Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication

Saar /sɑː/ /zɑː/ pn
Saara
river in France and Germany

Saarland pn
Saara
state

Sabbath /ˈsæbəθ/ n
niedziela
Sunday (most denominations of Christianity)
sabat
witches' Sabbath
szabat szabas
Saturday (Judaism, some denominations of Christianity)

Sabina pn
Sabina
female given name

Sabra pn
sabra
native Israeli

Sachertorte / ˈzɑkɚˌtɔɹt/ /ˈsɑkɚˌtɔɹt/ /ˈzaxəˌtɔːtə/ n
tort Sachera
type of chocolate torte

Sadie Hawkins dance n
białe tango

Safi pn
Safi
city in Morocco

Sagitta /səˈd͡ʒɪt.ə/ /səˈɡɪt.ə/ pn
Strzała
constellation

Sagittarius /ˌsadʒɪˈtɛːrɪəs/ /ˌsædʒəˈtɛriəs/ pn
Strzelec
astrological sign
constellation

Sahara /səˈhɑɹə/ /səˈhɑːɹə/ /səˈhɛɹə/ pn
Sahara
desert

Saharan adj
saharyjski
related to the Sahara desert

Sahelian adj
sahelski
of or pertaining to the Sahel

Sahelian n
mieszkaniec Sahelu mieszkanka Sahelu
native or inhabitant of the Sahel

Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic pn
Saharyjska Arabska Republika Demokratyczna
a partially recognised state in Western Sahara

Saigon /ˈsaɪɡɒn/ pn
Sajgon
former name of Ho Chi Minh City

Saigonese adj
sajgoński
related to Saigon

Saigonese n
sajgonka sajgończyk
person from Saigon

Saint /seɪnt/ /sənt/ n
Święta Święty
title given to a saint

Saint Andrew's Day pn
Andrzejki

Saint Andrew's cross n
krzyż świętego Andrzeja
cross that has a form of two intersecting oblique bars

Saint Barbara pn
Święta Barbara
saint

Saint Bernard /ˈseɪnt bəɹˈnɑɹd/ /ˈsənt ˈbəɹnəd/ n
bernardyn
Saint Bernard breed of Dog

Saint George /ˈseɪnt ˈdʒɔː(ɹ)dʒ/ pn
Święty Jerzy
Patron saint of England and several other places

Saint Helena /seɪnt həˈliːnə/ pn
Święta Helena
island in the Atlantic Ocean

Saint Kitts and Nevis /seɪnt ˌkɪts ən ˈniː.vɪs/ pn
Saint Kitts i Nevis Saint Christopher i Nevis
a country in the Caribbean

Saint Lawrence River pn
Rzeka Świętego Wawrzyńca
river

Saint Lucia /seɪnt ˈluː.ʃə/ pn
Saint Lucia
country in the Caribbean

Saint Martin /ˌseɪnt ˈmɑɹ.tən/ /ˌseɪnt ˈmɑɹ.tɪn/ /ˌseɪnt ˈmɑː.tɪn/ pn
Saint-Martin
island in the Caribbean

Saint Mary /ˈseɪnt ˈmɛə.ɹi/ pn
Święta Maria
Mary, mother of Jesus

Saint Michael pn
Święty Michał
equivalent of Saint Michael

Saint Nicholas pn
Święty Mikołaj
4th-century Greek bishop, patron of children and mariners

Saint Petersburg /sənt ˈpiːtə(r)zˌbɜː(r)ɡ/ pn
Petersburg Sankt Petersburg
city in Russia

Saint Pierre and Miquelon pn
Saint-Pierre i Miquelon
overseas territory of France

Saint Valentine's Day /ˌseɪntˈvælənˌtaɪnzˌdeɪ/ /ˌsəntˈvælənˌtaɪnzˌdeɪ/ pn
walentynki
Saint Valentine's Day

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines /seɪnt ˈvɪnt.sənt ən ðə ˈɡɹɛn.əˌdiːnz/ pn
Saint Vincent i Grenadyny
country in the Caribbean

Saint-Denis pn
Saint-Denis
capital city of Réunion

Saiph pn
Saif
a blue star in the constellation Orion

Sakar pn
Sakar
mountain in Bulgaria

Sakhalin /ˌsækəˈliːn/ /ˌsæx-/ pn
Sachalin
island in Russia

Sakmarian pn
sakmar
subdivision of the Permian period

Saladin /ˈsælədɪn/ pn
Saladyn
first sultan of Egypt and Syria and the founder of the Ayyubid dynasty

Salafism n
salafizm
a Sunni Islamic movement

Salekhard pn
Salechard
city in Russia

Salihorsk pn
Soligorsk

Salvadoran adj
salwadorski
of or pertaining to El Salvador

Salé pn
Sala
city near Rabat

Samantha /səˈmænθə/ [səˈmɛənθə] pn
Samanta
female given name

Samara pn
Samara
city in Russia

Samaria /səˈmæː.ɹɪ.ə/ /səˈmɛə.ɹɪ.ə/ /səˈmɛɚ.i.ə/ pn
Samaria
both city and part of ancient Palestine

Samaritan /səˈmæɹɪtən/ /səˈmɛɹɪtən/ adj
samarytański
of or relating to Samaria or the Samaritans

Samaritan /səˈmæɹɪtən/ /səˈmɛɹɪtən/ n
Samarytanin Samarytanka
a native or inhabitant of Samaria

Samarkand /ˈsæmə(ɹ)kænd/ pn
Samarkanda
city in Uzbekistan

Sambir pn
Sambor
city

Sami /ˈsæmi/ /ˈsɑːmi/ n
Laponka Lapończyk
member of indigenous people of Lapland

Sami /ˈsæmi/ /ˈsɑːmi/ pn
język lapoński
any of the languages of the Sami

Samland pn
Sambia
peninsula which juts into the Baltic

Sammarinese adj
sanmaryński
of, or pertaining to, San Marino

Sammarinese n
Sanmarynka Sanmaryńczyk sanmarynka sanmaryńczyk
someone from San Marino

Samoa /saː.mo.a/ /səˈmoʊ.ə/ /səˈmoʊə/ /səˈməʊ.ə/ /ˈsaːˌmaʉ̯.ə/ pn
Samoa
Independent State of Samoa

Samogitia /ˌsa.mə(ʊ)ˈɡiː.ʃə/ /ˌsæ.moʊˈɡi.ʃə/ /ˌsæ.məˈɡi.ʃə/ pn
Żmudź
Samogitia

Samogitian /ˌsa.mə(ʊ)ˈɡiː.ʃən/ /ˌsæ.moʊˈɡi.ʃən/ /ˌsæ.məˈɡi.ʃən/ adj
żmudzki
Of, from, or pertaining to the region of Samogitia, or its people

Samogitian /ˌsa.mə(ʊ)ˈɡiː.ʃən/ /ˌsæ.moʊˈɡi.ʃən/ /ˌsæ.məˈɡi.ʃən/ n
Żmudzin Żmudzinka
a person from Samogitia

Samogitian /ˌsa.mə(ʊ)ˈɡiː.ʃən/ /ˌsæ.moʊˈɡi.ʃən/ /ˌsæ.məˈɡi.ʃən/ pn
żmudzki
Baltic language spoken in Samogitia

Samos /ˈseɪ.mɒs/ pn
Samos
a prefecture in the eastern part of the Aegean
an island belonging to the Sporades and a city

Samosata /səˈmɒsətə/ pn
Samosata
city in Commagene

Samothrace pn
Samotraka
island

Samoyedic /ˈsamɔɪ̯ˌ(j)ɛdɪk/ /ˈsamə(ʊ)ˌjɛdɪk/ /ˈsæmoʊˌjɛdɪk/ /ˈsæmɔɪ̯ˌ(j)ɛdɪk/ /ˈsæməˌjɛdɪk/ adj
samodyjski samojedzki
of or pertaining to these languages

Samsung /ˈsæm.sʊŋ/ /ˈsæm.sʌŋ/ pn
Samsung
South Korean conglomerate company

Samuel /ˈsæmjuəl/ pn
Księga Samuela Samuel
one of two books of the Bible
Samuel Księga Samuela
biblical person
male given name

San pn
San
river

San Francisco /ˌsæn fɹænˈsɪskoʊ/ /ˌsæn fɹənˈsɪskoʊ/ pn
San Francisco
San Francisco, California city

San Marino /ˌsæn məˈɹi.noʊ/ /ˌsæn məˈɹiː.nəʊ/ pn
San Marino
Republic of San Marino
capital city

San Salvador /sæn ˈsælvədɔɹ/ pn
San Salvador
capital of El Salvador

San Sebastián /ˌsæn ˌsɛbəsˈtjɑːn/ pn
San Sebastian San Sebastián
coastal city of Spain

Sanaa pn
Sana
capital of Yemen

Sandbian pn
Sandb
subdivision of the Ordovician period

Sango pn
sango
language

Sanhedrin /sænhid͡ʒɹɪn/ n
Sanhedryn
the assembly of seventy-one judges sitting in Jerusalem

Sanskrit /ˈsænskɹɪt/ n
sanskryt Sanskryt
language

Sanssouci pn
Sanssouci

Santa Claus /ˈsæn.təˌklɑz/ /ˈsæn.təˌklɔz/ /ˈsæn.təˌklɔːz/ /ˈsæːn.təˌkloːz/ pn
Święty Mikołaj
fictional figure

Santo Domingo pn
Santo Domingo
the capital city of the Dominican Republic

Santonian pn
Santon
subdivision of the Late Cretaceous epoch

Santorini /ˌsantɒˈɹiːnɪ/ /ˌsantəˈɹiːnɪ/ /ˌsæntəˈɹini/ pn
Santoryn
Greek island

Sappho /ˈsæfəʊ/ pn
Safona
Greek female name

Saracen /ˈsæɹəˌsən/ n
Saracen
Arab or any Muslim, especially one involved in the Crusades
member of a nomadic people from the Sinai near the Roman province of Arabia in the early centuries CE

Sarah /ˈse(ɪ).ɹə/ /ˈsæ.ɹə/ /ˈsɑɹ.ə/ /ˈsɛə.ɹə/ /ˈsɛɚ.ə/ /ˈsɛɹ.ə/ /ˈsɛː.ɹə/ pn
Sara
given name from Hebrew
Sara Saraj
the wife of Abraham

Sarai pn
Saraj
female given name

Sarajevan adj
sarajewski
of, from, or pertaining to, Sarajevo

Sarajevan n
sarajewianin sarajewianka
someone from Sarajevo

Sarajevo /ˌsɑɹəˈjeɪvəʊ/ pn
Sarajewo
city

Saransk pn
Sarańsk
city in Russia

Saratov pn
Saratów
city

Sardinia /sɑɹˈdɪniə/ /sɑːˈdɪnɪə/ pn
Sardynia
island of Italy

Sardinian adj
sardyński
relating to Sardinia

Sardinian n
Sardynka Sardyńczyk
person from Sardinia

Sardinian pn
język sardyński sardyński
language

Sardinian warbler n
pokrzewka aksamitna
Sylvia melanocephala

Sarmatian /sɑː(ɹ)ˈmeɪʃi.ə/ /sɑː(ɹ)ˈmeɪʃə/ adj
sarmacki
of or relating to Sarmatia

Sarmatism /ˈsɑɹmətɪzəm/ /ˈsɑːmətɪzəm/ n
sarmatyzm
belief that the people of the Polish Commonwealth descended from the ancient Sarmatians

Sarny pn
Sarny
city

Satan /ˈseɪ.tn̩/ /ˈseɪ.tən/ [ˈseɪ.ʔn̩] pn
Szatan
the Devil

Satanism /ˈseɪtənɪzm/ n
satanizm
a religion founded by Anton Szandor LaVey
devil worship

Satanist n
satanista satanistka
one who identifies with Satanism
one who worships Satan

Saturday /ˈsætədeɪ/ /ˈsætədi/ /ˈsætəɹdeɪ/ /ˈsætəɹdi/ /ˈsæɾədæɪ/ [ˈsæɾɚdeɪ̯] [ˈsæɾɚdi] adv
sobota
on Saturday

Saturday /ˈsætədeɪ/ /ˈsætədi/ /ˈsætəɹdeɪ/ /ˈsætəɹdi/ /ˈsæɾədæɪ/ [ˈsæɾɚdeɪ̯] [ˈsæɾɚdi] n
sobota
day of the week

Saturn /ˈsæt.ən/ /ˈsæt.ɚn/ pn
Saturn
god
planet

Saturnian /sæ.tɜː(ɹ)n.jən/ n
Saturnianin Saturnianka
inhabitant of Saturn

Saudi /ˈsaʊdi/ /ˈsɔːdi/ adj
saudyjski
pertaining to Saudi Arabia

Saudi /ˈsaʊdi/ /ˈsɔːdi/ n
Saudyjczyk Saudyjka
person from Saudi Arabia

Saudi Arabia /ˌsaʊ.di əˈɹeɪ.bi.ə/ /ˌsɔː.di əˈɹeɪ.bi.ə/ pn
Arabia Saudyjska
country in the Middle East

Saul /sɑl/ /sɔːl/ pn
Saul
first king of Israel
male given name
Szaweł
Hebrew name of Paul

Sava pn
Sawa
river

Save pn
Sabi
river in Africa

Savi's warbler n
brzęczka
Locustella luscinioides

Savior pn
Odkupiciel Zbawiciel
(Christianity) Jesus Christ

Savoy cabbage n
kapusta warzywna włoska kapusta włoska
cultivar of cabbage

Saxon /ˈsæksən/ adj
saksoński saski
of Saxons, Saxony or Saxon language

Saxon /ˈsæksən/ n
Saksonka Saksończyk Sas
native or inhabitant of Saxony
Sas
member of Saxon tribe

Saxony /ˈsæksəni/ pn
Saksonia
state

Saxony-Anhalt pn
Saksonia-Anhalt
state

Scandinavia /skændɪˈneɪvi.ə/ pn
Skandynawia
Denmark, Norway, and Sweden

Scandinavian /ˌskændɪˈneɪvi.ən/ adj
skandynawski
of or relating to Scandinavia

Scandinavian Peninsula pn
Skandynawia
peninsula in Northern Europe

Scania /ˈskæni.ə/ pn
Skania
historical region currently part of Sweden occupying the southernmost tip of the Scandinavian peninsula

Schaffhausen pn
Szafuza
canton

Scheherazade /ʃəˈhɛɹəzɑd/ /ʃəˌhɛɹəˈzɑːd(ə)/ pn
Szeherezada
female given name
fictional storyteller

Scheldt /skɛlt/ /ʃɛlt/ pn
Skalda
river

Schlemm's canal n
kanał Schlemma
channel in the eye

Schleswig-Holstein pn
Szlezwik-Holsztyn
state

Schnoodle /ˈʃnuːdl̩/ n
pudlosznaucer sznauceropudel
Poodle/Schnauzer hybrid

Schopenhauerian /ˌʃoʊpənhaʊˈɪɹi.ən/ /ˌʃəʊpənhaʊˈɪəɹɪən/ adj
schopenhauerowski
of or relating to Arthur Schopenhauer

Schrödinger's cat pn
kot Schrödingera
thought experiment

Schwartz pn
Swartz Szwarc
surname

Scientology pn
scjentologia
belief system developed by L. Ron Hubbard

Scooby snack /ˈskuːbi ˌsnak/ n
Scooby Chrupki
A treat

Scooby-Doo pn
Scooby Doo
the fictional dog

Scorpio /ˈskɔːpɪəʊ/ /ˈskɔːɹpɪoʊ/ pn
Skorpion
astrological sign

Scorpius /ˈskɔːpɪəs/ /ˈskɔːɹpɪəs/ pn
Skorpion
constellation

Scot /ˈskɑt/ /ˈskɒt/ /ˈskɔʔ/ n
Szkotka Szkot
a person born in or native to Scotland

Scotch /skɑt͡ʃ/ /skɒt͡ʃ/ n
szkocka
uncountable: whisky made in Scotland

Scotch /skɑt͡ʃ/ /skɒt͡ʃ/ pn
Szkoci
people of Scotland

Scotch mist n
przytulia leśna
Galium sylvaticum

Scotland /ˈskɑt.lənd/ /ˈskɒt.lənd/ /ˈskɔʔ.lənd/ pn
Szkocja
country in northwest Europe to the north of England

Scotsman /ˈskɑts.mən/ n
Szkot
a man from Scotland

Scotswoman n
Szkotka
a woman from Scotland

Scottish /ˈskɑ.ɾɪʃ/ /ˈskɒt.ɪʃ/ /ˈskɔt.ɪʃ/ [ˈskɔɾ.ɪʃ] adj
szkocki
of a person
of or pertaining to Scotland

Scottish /ˈskɑ.ɾɪʃ/ /ˈskɒt.ɪʃ/ /ˈskɔt.ɪʃ/ [ˈskɔɾ.ɪʃ] n
Szkoci
the people of Scotland

Scottish Gaelic pn
język szkocki gaelicki
The Gaelic language of Scotland

Scottish crossbill n
krzyżodziób szkocki
Loxia scotica

Scout's honor interjection
słowo harcerza
interjection

Scrabble /ˈskɹæ.bəl/ pn
Scrabble
board game with interlocking words

Sculptor pn
Rzeźbiarz
constellation

Scutum pn
Tarcza
constellation

Scylla /ˈsɪlə/ pn
Scylla Skylla
personification of the rock

Scythia /ˈsɪði.ə/ /ˈsɪθi.ə/ pn
Scytia
region of Central Eurasia

Scythian /ˈsɪði.ən/ /ˈsɪθi.ən/ adj
scytyjski
relating to Scythia or Scythians

Scythian /ˈsɪði.ən/ /ˈsɪθi.ən/ n
Scyta Scytyjka
an inhabitant of Scythia

Scythian /ˈsɪði.ən/ /ˈsɪθi.ən/ pn
scytyjski
Eastern Iranian language of Scythians

Sea of Azov /ˈsiː əv ˈɑːzɒv/ pn
Morze Azowskie
sea

Sea of Cortez pn
Morze Cortéza
body of water

Sea of Japan pn
Morze Japońskie
the sea between Japan and the rest of Asia

Sea of Marmara pn
Morze Marmara
a deep inland sea in north-western Turkey

Sea of Okhotsk /ˌsiː əv əˈxɒtsk/ pn
morze Ochockie
sea

Sebastian /səˈbæst͡ʃən/ /sɪˈbæs.tʃən/ /sɪˈbæsti.ən/ pn
Sebastian
given name

Second Reich pn
Druga Rzesza
German Empire

Second World pn
Drugi Świat
countries aligned with the East during the Cold War

Secretary General n
sekretarz generalny
chief administrator of an international body

Securitate /sɪkjʊəɹɪˈtɑːteɪ/ /sɪkjʊɹɪˈtɑteɪ/ pn
Securitate

Segorbe /sɛˈɡɔːbeɪ/ pn
Segorbe
municipality in Castellón, Spain

Segovia /sɪˈɡəʊviə/ pn
Segowia
city in Castile and León, Spain

Seine /seɪn/ /sɛn/ pn
Sekwana
river of northern France

Seine-Saint-Denis pn
Sekwana-Saint-Denis
department of France

Sejm /seɪm/ pn
Sejm
the lower house of the Polish parliament

Selandian pn
Seland
subdivision of the Paleocene epoch

Selena /səˈlinə/ /sɪˈliːnə/ pn
Celina Selena
female given name

Seleucia /səˈlu.ʃi.ə/ /səˈlu.ʃə/ /sɪˈlu.ʃi.ə/ /sɪˈlu.ʃə/ /sɪˈluː.ʃə/ /sɪˈluː.ʃɪ.ə/ pn
Seleucja
city

Selonia pn
Selonia
A cultural region in Latvia

Selydove pn
Sełydowe
city

Semenivka pn
Semeniwka

Semigallia pn
Semigalia
A region in southern Latvia

Semite /ˈsiː.maɪt/ /ˈsɛ.maɪt/ /ˈsɪ.maɪt/ n
Semita Semitka
descendant of any of these peoples
member of any of a number of ancient peoples

Semitic /səˈmɪt.ɪk/ [səˈmɪɾ.ɪk] adj
semicki
pertaining to the Semites
pertaining to the Semitic subdivision of Afroasiatic languages

Semitic /səˈmɪt.ɪk/ [səˈmɪɾ.ɪk] pn
semicki
Semitic languages in general

Semiticness n
semickość
quality or state

Senate pn
Senat
Roman senate

Seneca /ˈsɛnɪkə/ n
senekowie
tribe

Seneca /ˈsɛnɪkə/ pn
Seneka
Roman cognomen

Senegal /ˌsɛn.ɪ.ˈɡɑːl/ /ˌsɛn.ɪ.ˈɡɔːl/ pn
Senegal
Republic of Senegal

Senegalese /ˌsɛ.nə.ɡəˈliːz/ adj
senegalski
pertaining to Senegal

Senegalese /ˌsɛ.nə.ɡəˈliːz/ n
Senegalczyk Senegalka
person from Senegal

Seoul /soʊl/ /səʊl/ pn
Seul
capital of South Korea

Seoulite adj
seulski
of or from Seoul

Seoulite n
seulczyk seulka
someone from Seoul

Sephardi n
sefardyjczyk sefardyjka
a Jew of Iberian ancestry, whose native language was Ladino

Sephardic adj
sefardyjski
relating to the Sephardi Jews

September /səpˈtɛmbə/ /səpˈtɛmbəɹ/ /sɛpˈtɛmbə/ /sɛpˈtɛmbəɹ/ pn
wrzesień
ninth month of the Gregorian calendar

Septuagint /sɛpˈtju.ə.d͡ʒənt/ /sɛpˈtu.ə.d͡ʒənt/ /ˈsɛp.tjʊ.ə.d͡ʒɪnt/ /ˈsɛp.tə.wəˌd͡ʒɪnt/ /ˈsɛp.t͡ʃə.wəˌd͡ʒɪnt/ /ˈsɛp.t͡ʃʊ.ə.d͡ʒɪnt/ /ˈsɛp.ʃə.wəˌd͡ʒɪnt/ pn
Septuaginta
an ancient translation of the Hebrew Bible into Greek

Sequoyah /səˈkwɔɪə/, /səˈkɔɪə/, /sɪ-/ pn
Sekwoja
Inventor of the syllabary for writing Cherokee

Serb /ˈsɜːb/ /ˈsɝb/ n
Serb Serbka
person of Serb descent

Serbia /ˈsɜː.bi.ə/ /ˈsɝ.bi.ə/ pn
Serbia
a country in southeastern Europe

Serbia and Montenegro pn
Serbia i Czarnogóra
former country on the Balkan Peninsula

Serbian /ˈsɜː(ɹ)biːən/ adj
serbski
pertaining to Serbia and Serbians
pertaining to the Serbian language

Serbian /ˈsɜː(ɹ)biːən/ n
Serb Serbka
person from Serbia
serbski
the standardized variety of Serbo-Croatian

Serbo-Croatian /ˌsɜː(ɹ)bəʊkɹəʊˈeɪʃən/ adj
serbsko-chorwacki serbochorwacki
pertaining to the Serbo-Croatian language

Serbo-Croatian /ˌsɜː(ɹ)bəʊkɹəʊˈeɪʃən/ pn
serbsko-chorwacki
South Slavic language

Seredyna-Buda pn
Seredyna-Buda

Sergius pn
Sergiusz
male given name

Sermon on the Mount pn
kazanie na górze
public discourse given by Jesus

Serpens /ˈsɚpənz/ pn
Wąż
large summer constellation of the northern sky

Serpukhovian pn
serpuchow
subdivision of the Carboniferous period

Serravallian pn
serrawal
subdivision of the Miocene epoch

Sevastopol /səˈvæstəpoʊl/ /ˌsɛvəˈstoʊpəl/ pn
Sewastopol
city

Seven Sages pn
Siedmiu mędrców
seven Ancient Greeks

Seventh-day Adventist n
adwentysta dnia siódmego
member of the Seventh-day Adventist Church

Seventh-day Adventist Church pn
Adwentyści Dnia Siódmego Kościół Adwentystów Dnia Siódmego
Christian denomination

Seville /səˈvɪl/ pn
Sewilla
city in Andalusia, Spain

Sevillian adj
sewilski
of or pertaining to Sevilla

Sevillian n
sewilczyk sewilka
someone from Sevilla

Sextans pn
Sekstant
dim spring constellation of the northern sky

Seychelles /seɪˈʃɛl/ /seɪˈʃɛlz/ /ˈseɪʃɛl/ /ˈseɪʃɛlz/ pn
Seszele
country in East Africa

Sfax pn
Safakis
Tunisian city

Shadow Cabinet n
gabinet cieni
a senior group of opposition politicians who shadow the members of the government

Shahryar pn
Szachrijar
Name of the fictional Persian Sassanid king

Shaivism pn
Śiwaizm
a branch of Hinduism focusing on the worship of Shiva

Shakespeare /ˈʃeɪkspɪə/ /ˈʃeɪkspɪɹ/ pn
Szekspir
English playwright

Shakespearean /ʃeɪkˈspɪəɹi.ən/ /ʃeɪkˈspɪɹi.ən/ adj
Szekspirowski szekspirowski
pertaining to Shakespeare or his works

Shakespearean sonnet n
sonet szekspirowski
type of sonnet

Shakhtarsk pn
Szachtarsk
city

Shan /ʃæn/ /ʃɑn/ pn
szański
Shan language

Shanghai /ʃæŋˈhaɪ/ /ʃɑŋˈhaɪ/ /ˈʃæŋ.haɪ/ pn
Szanghaj
Chinese municipality and port

Shaolin /ˈʃaʊlɪn/ pn
Shaolin Szaolin
a collection of Chinese martial arts that claim affiliation with the Shaolin monastery

Sharhorod pn
Szarogród

Sharon /ˈʃæɹən/ pn
Równina Szaron
a plain in Israel

Shavuot /ʃævuˈɒt/ /ʃɑvuˈoʊt/ /ʃəˈvuːəs/ pn
Pięćdziesiątnica Szawuot Święto Tygodni Święto Zbiorów Święto Żniw
Jewish holiday

Shchastia pn
Szczastia
city

Shcholkine pn
Szczołkine
city

Shebekino pn
Szebiekino
city

Sheinwoodian pn
Sheinwood
subdivision of the Silurian period

Shem pn
Sem
son of Noah

Shepetivka pn
Szepetówka
city

Sheremetyevo pn
Szeremetjewo
airport in Russia

Sherlock Holmes /ˈʃɜɹ.lɒk ˈhoʊmz/ pn
Sherlock Holmes
fictional detective
Sherlock Sherlock Holmes
person with great powers of deduction

Sherpa /ˈʃɝpə/ n
Szerpa Szerpijka
member of an ethnic group

Shetland pony n
kuc szetlandzki
small horse

Shevchenko pn
Szewczenko
surname

Shevchenkove pn
Szewczenkowe
city

Shevchuk pn
Szewczuk
transliteration of a Ukrainian surname (also common in Russia)

Shi'a /ˈʃiːə/ pn
szyizm
branch of Islam

Shi'ism /ˈʃiːɪz(ə)m/ n
szyizm
religion of Shi'i Muslims

Shih Tzu /ˈʃiːtsuː/ /ˈʃɪtzuː/ n
shih tzu
small dog breed which originated in China

Shiite /ˈʃiːaɪt/ n
szyita
member of the Shi'a

Shinto /ˈʃɪn.toʊ/ /ˈʃɪn.təʊ/ pn
shintoizm szinto szintoizm shinto sinto sintoizm
religion

Shiraz /ʃɪˈɹɑːz/ pn
Sziraz
a city in southern Iran

Shiva /ˈʃiːvə/ /ˈʃɪvə/ pn
Śiwa
deity

Shkodër pn
Szkodra
city in northwestern Albania

Shoshone /ʃoʊˈʃoʊni/ n
Szoszon Szoszonka
member of this people

Shoshone /ʃoʊˈʃoʊni/ pn
Szoszoni
Amerind people
szoszon szoszoński
Amerind language

Shostka pn
Szostka

Shota pn
Szota
male given name

Shpola pn
Szpoła

Shrove Tuesday n
tłusty czwartek
day before the beginning of Lent

Shulgin /ˈʃʌlɡɪn/ pn
Szulgin
surname

Shumsk pn
Szumsk

Sialkot pn
Sijalkot
city in northeastern Pakistan

Siam /saɪˈæm/ pn
Syjam
the former name of Thailand

Siamese adj
syjamski
Thai

Siamese cat n
kot syjamski
mammal

Siamese fighting fish n
bojownik syjamski bojownik wspaniały
a freshwater fish

Siamese twin n
bliźnię syjamskie
conjoined twin

Siberia [saɪˈbɪəɹɪə] [saɪˈbɪɹiə] pn
Syberia Sybir
region of Russia

Siberian [saɪˈbɪəɹɪən] [saɪˈbɪɹiən] adj
syberyjski
from, of or pertaining to Siberia

Siberian Husky n
husky syberyjski
Siberian Husky dog

Siberian accentor n
płochacz syberyjski
Prunella montanella

Siberian grouse n
borowiak syberyjski
Falcipennis falcipennis

Siberian jay n
sójka syberyjska
Perisoreus infaustus

Siberian rubythroat n
słowiczek rubinowy
Calliope calliope

Siberian stonechat n
kląskawka syberyjska
Saxicola maurus

Siberian thrush n
drozd ciemny drozdaczek ciemny drozdoń ciemny
Geokichla sibirica

Siberian tiger n
tygrys syberyjski
Siberian tiger

Siberian weasel n
łasica syberyjska
Mustela sibirica

Sibiu pn
Sybin
city

Sichuan /ˈsɛt͡ʃ.wɑn/ /ˈsɛʃ.wɑn/ /ˈsɪt͡ʃ.wɑn/ pn
Syczuan
a province in China

Sichuan tit n
czarnoglówka brazowawa sikora syczuańska
Poecile weigoldicus

Sicilian adj
sycylijski
relating to Sicily or its inhabitants

Sicilian n
Sycylijczyk Sycylijka
person

Sicilian pn
sycylijski język sycylijski
language

Sicilian Defence pn
obrona sycylijska
chess opening

Sicily /ˈsɪsɪli/ pn
Sycylia
island in the Mediterranean Sea

Sidon pn
Sydon
city state of Phoenicia

Siegfried /ˈsiːɡ.fɹiːd/ /ˈsɪɡ.fɹiːd/ pn
Zygfryd
Hero of the Nibelungenlied who defeated the Icelandic queen Brunhild

Sierpinski triangle n
trójkąt Sierpińskiego
a fractal consisting of three copies of itself

Sierra Leone /siˌɛɹə liˈoʊn/ pn
Sierra Leone
Republic of Sierra Leone

Sievierodonetsk pn
Siewierodonieck
city

Sigurd pn
Sygurd
the hero of the Volsungasaga

Sikh /siːk/ /sɪk/ adj
sikhijski
relating to Sikhism

Sikh /siːk/ /sɪk/ n
sikh sikhijka
an adherent of Sikhism

Sikhism /ˈsiːkɪzm̩/ /ˈsɪk-/ pn
sikhizm
religion

Silent Sam /ˌsaɪlənt ˈsæm/ n
milczek
person who speaks seldom and little

Silesia /saɪˈliʒə/ /saɪˈliːziə/ /saɪˈliːʃə/ pn
Śląsk
region

Silesian /saɪˈliːzi.ən/ adj
śląski
of or pertaining to Silesia

Silesian /saɪˈliːzi.ən/ n
Ślązak Ślązaczka
inhabitant of Silesia

Silesian /saɪˈliːzi.ən/ pn
gwara śląska śląszczyzna
Slavic language

Silesian Voivodeship pn
województwo śląskie
Silesian Voivodeship

Siliana pn
Siljana
Tunisian town

Silicon Valley pn
Dolina Krzemowa
nickname for region in San Francisco

Silk Road pn
jedwabny szlak Jedwabny Szlak
routes used by silk traders across Europe, Asia and northern Africa

Silvia /ˈsɪlvi.ə/ pn
Sylwia
female given name

Silvius pn
Sylwiusz
male given name

Simferopol /sɪmfəˈɹɒ.pəl/ /ˌsɪmfəˈɹoʊpəl/ pn
Symferopol
city

Simon /ˈsaɪmən/ pn
Szymon
male given name
biblical characters

Simon says n
Szymon mówi
children's game

Simone /səˈməʊn/ pn
Ksymena Simona Szymona
female given name

Simonides /saɪˈmɑːnɪdiːz/ /saɪˈmɒnɪdiːz/ pn
Symonides
poet

Sinai /ˈsaɪˌnaɪ/ /ˈsiˌnaɪ/ pn
Synaj
mountain
peninsula

Sinaloa pn
Sinaloa
state of Mexico

Sinbad pn
Sindbad
fictional sailor

Sinemurian n
synemur
subdivision of the Jurassic period

Singapore /sɪŋəˈpɔː/ /sɪŋɡəˈpɔː(ɹ)/ /ˈsɪŋə-/ /ˈsɪŋəpoɹ/ /ˈsɪŋəpɔː/ /ˈsɪŋɡəpɔː(ɹ)/ /ˈsɪŋʌpɔː/ [-ɔː˦˧] [ˈsɪŋ˧.a˧.pɔ˦] pn
Singapur
An island and city-state in Southeast Asia

Singaporean /ˌsɪŋ(ɡ)əˈpɔːɹi.ən/ adj
singapurski
of, from, or pertaining to Singapore

Singaporean /ˌsɪŋ(ɡ)əˈpɔːɹi.ən/ n
Singapurczyk Singapurka
a person from Singapore

Singer pn
Zynger
surname

Sinhalese /sɪnhəˈliːz/ /sɪnəˈliːz/ adj
syngaleski
of or pertaining to Sri Lanka

Sinhalese /sɪnhəˈliːz/ /sɪnəˈliːz/ n
Syngalez Syngalezka
Sinhalese person
syngaleski
the language

Sino-Japanese adj
chińsko-japoński
Involving both China and Japan

Sino-Japanese pn
sinojapoński
the Chinese-derived elements in the Japanese language

Sinocentrism /ˌsaɪnoʊˈsɛntɹɪzəm/ /ˌsaɪnəʊˈsɛntɹɪzəm/ /ˌsɪ-/ n
sinocentryzm
belief that China was literally the centre of the world

Sinop pn
Synopa
city in Turkey

Siret pn
Seret
river in Ukraine and Romania

Sirius /ˈsɪɹi.əs/ pn
Syriusz

Sistine adj
sykstyński
of or pertaining to Pope Sixtus

Sisyphean /ˌsɪsəˈfiːən/ adj
syzyfowy
incessant or incessantly recurring, but futile
relating to Sisyphus

Sisyphus /ˈsɪsɪfəs/ pn
Syzyf
figure

Siversk pn
Siewiersk

Sjögren's syndrome n
zespół Sjögrena
autoimmune disorder

Skadovsk pn
Skadowsk

Skalat pn
Skałat

Skeffington's daughter n
bocian

Skole pn
Skole

Skopjan adj
skopijski
from Skopje

Skopjan n
skopijczyk skopijka
someone from Skopje

Skopje /ˈskɔpjɛ/ pn
Skopje Skopie
capital of North Macedonia

Skvyra pn
Skwyra

Slav /slæv/ /slɑːv/ n
Słowianin Słowianka
a member of a group of peoples in Eastern Europe speaking a Slavic language

Slavdom n
Słowiańszczyzna
Slavic people collectively, Slavs as a body
the area inhabited by Slavs, or with Slavic influence

Slavia /ˈslɑːvi.ə/ pn
Słowiańszczyzna
land of the Slavs

Slavic /ˈslævɪk/ /ˈslɑːvɪk/ adj
słowiański
of the Slavs, their culture or languages

Slavic studies n
slawistyka słowianoznawstwo
academic discipline

Slavicness n
słowiańszczyzna
state or quality

Slavism /ˈslɑːvɪzm/ n
slawizm słowianizm
a Slavic idiom or phrase

Slavist n
slawista
specialist in the Slavic languages, literature or culture

Slavo- prefix
słowiano-
Slavic

Slavonia pn
Slawonia
region of Croatia

Slavonic /slə.ˈvɒ.nɪk/ adj
slawoński
related to Slavonia

Slavophile n
słowianofil słowianofilka
person who is interested in the development and prosperity of the Slavic race

Slavophilia n
słowianofilstwo
ideological commitment to maintaining traditional Slavic culture and values

Slavuta pn
Sławuta
city in Shepetivka Raion

Slavutych pn
Sławutycz
city

Sleeping Beauty pn
Śpiąca Królewna
fairy tale
Śpiąca Królewna Śpiąca królewna
main character in this story

Slovak /sləˈvæk/ /sləˈvɑːk/ /ˈsloʊvæk/ /ˈsloʊvɑːk/ [ˈslɑvək] adj
słowacki
of Slovakia or its language

Slovak /sləˈvæk/ /sləˈvɑːk/ /ˈsloʊvæk/ /ˈsloʊvɑːk/ [ˈslɑvək] n
Słowaczka Słowak
native of Slovakia
słowacki język słowacki
language of Slovakia

Slovak Cuvac n
czuwacz słowacki
Slovak Chuvach

Slovak Republic pn
Republika Słowacka
official name of Slovakia

Slovakia /sloʊˈvæ.ki.ə/ /sloʊˈvɑ.ki.ə/ /sləʊˈvæ.ki.ə/ /sləʊˈvɑː.ki.ə/ pn
Słowacja
Slovakia

Slovakness n
słowacczyzna
quality

Slovakophone adj
słowackojęzyczny
Slovak-speaking

Slovene /sləˈviːn/ /ˈsləʊviːn/ adj
słoweński
adjective

Slovene /sləˈviːn/ /ˈsləʊviːn/ n
Słoweniec Słowenka
a person

Slovene /sləˈviːn/ /ˈsləʊviːn/ pn
słoweński
the language

Slovenia /sloʊˈvi.ni.ə/ /sloʊˈvin.jə/ /sləʊˈviː.ni.ə/ /sləʊˈviːn.jə/ pn
Słowenia
country in Europe

Sloviansk pn
Słowiańsk
city

Slovincian /slə(ʊ)ˈvɪnsɪ.ən/ /slə(ʊ)ˈvɪnʃən/ pn
język słowiński słowiński
extinct language of the Slovincian people

Slytherin /ˈslɪðəɹɪn/ n
Ślizgon
Harry Potter team

Small Magellanic Cloud pn
Mały Obłok Magellana
galaxy

Smila pn
Smiła

Smith /smɪθ/ pn
Kowal Kowalczyk Kowalski Kowalczuk
surnames derived from the equivalents of “smith”

Smoke pn
Dym
44th sura of the Qur'an

Smolensk pn
Smoleńsk
city

Snake Island pn
Wyspa Wężowa
Black Sea island of Ukraine bordering Romania

Snark pn
Żmirłacz
fantastical monster

Snell's law /snɛlz lɔ/ n
prawo Snella prawo Snelliusa
law in optics

Sniatyn pn
Śniatyn

Snihurivka pn
Snihuriwka

Snizhne pn
Śnieżne
city

Snoopy pn
Snoopy
pet beagle

Snovsk pn
Snowśk
city in Koriukivka Raion, Chernihiv Oblast, Ukraine

Snow Queen pn
Królowa Śniegu
fairy tale character with power over snow and ice

Snow White /snoʊ (h)waɪt/ /snəʊ waɪt/ pn
Białośnieżka Śnieżka
character from Snow-White and Rose-Red (Schneeweißchen und Rosenrot)
Śnieżka
character from Snow White (Schneewittchen)

Sněžka pn
Śnieżka
mountain

Sobek pn
Sobek

Sochi /ˈsoʊt͡ʃi/ /ˈsɒt͡ʃi/ pn
Soczi
city in Russia

Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia pn
Socjalistyczna Federacyjna Republika Jugosławii
Yugoslav state that existed from 1943 until 1992

Socialist Republic of Vietnam pn
Socjalistyczna Republika Wietnamu
official name of Vietnam

Society of Jesus pn
Towarzystwo Jezusowe
Roman Catholic order

Socinian /soʊˈsɪn.iː.ən/ adj
socyniański ariański
pertaining to the Socinians

Socinian /soʊˈsɪn.iː.ən/ n
socynianin arianin arianka
a member of a certain nontrinitarian Christian denomination

Socinianism pn
antytrynitaryzm arianizm ariaństwo

Socotra pn
Sokotra
An island south of Yemen

Socrates /ˈsɑkɹətiz/ /ˈsɒkɹətiːz/ pn
Sokrates
Greek philosopher

Socratic adj
sokratejski sokratyczny
characteristic of the philosopher Socrates

Socratic irony n
ironia sokratejska
the practice or act of asking someone a question in order to demonstrate their ignorance

Socratic method pn
majeutyka metoda sokratyczna

Socratism pn
sokratyzm
philosophy or method of Socrates

Sodom /ˈsɑ.dəm/ /ˈsɒ.dəm/ pn
Sodoma
city in the Middle East

Sofia /sɒˈfiːə/ /ˈsəʊfi.ə/ pn
Sofia
the capital city of Bulgaria

Sofian adj
sofijski
from Sofia

Sofian n
sofijczyk sofijka
someone from Sofia

Sogdiana pn
Sogdiana
an ancient Iranian-speaking civilization

Sokal pn
Sokal

Sokyriany pn
Sokiriany

Solar System /ˈsoʊ.lɚ ˌsɪs.təm/ /ˈsəʊl.ə ˌsɪs.təm/ pn
Układ Słoneczny System Słoneczny
the Sun and all the heavenly bodies that orbit around it

Soledar pn
Sołedar
city

Solidarity pn
Solidarność
political movement

Solomon /ˈsɑləmən/ /ˈsɒləmən/ pn
Salomon
king of Israel
male given name

Solomon Islands /ˈsɑ.lə.mən ˈaɪ.ləndz/ /ˈsɒl.ə.mən ˈaɪ.ləndz/ /ˈsɒləmən ˈaɪləndz/ pn
Wyspy Salomona
a country in Melanesia

Solomon's seal n
kokoryczka
plant of genus Polygonatum

Solon /ˈsoʊlɒn/ /ˈsoʊlən/ /ˈsəʊlən/ pn
Solon
statesman and lawgiver

Solothurn pn
Solura
canton

Solresol pn
Solresol
constructed language whose phonemes are based upon the solfège

Somali /soʊˈmɑːli/ /səˈmɑːli/ adj
somalijski
pertaining to Somalia

Somali /soʊˈmɑːli/ /səˈmɑːli/ n
Somalijczyk Somalijka
a person from Somalia or of Somali descent
somalijski
a language

Somalia /səˈmɑːliə/ pn
Somalia
country in the Horn of Africa

Son of God pn
Syn Boży Syn Człowieczy

Son of Heaven pn
bogdychan

Son of Man pn
Syn Człowieczy
Jesus Christ

Song of Songs pn
Pieśń nad Pieśniami
book of the Bible

Sony /ˈsoʊni/ pn
Sony
An international electronics and media company based in Tokyo, Japan

Sophia /soʊˈfi.ə/ /səˈfaɪə/ /səˈfiːə/ /ˈsəʊfi.ə/ pn
Zofia
female given name

Sophocles /ˈsɑ.fɑ.kliːz/ /ˈsɒ.fək.kliːz/ pn
Sofokles
Greek dramatic poet

Sorbian /ˈsɔːbi.ən/ /ˈsɔːɹbi.ən/ adj
łużycki
of or pertaining to the Sorbs or to the Sorbian language

Sorbian /ˈsɔːbi.ən/ /ˈsɔːɹbi.ən/ pn
łużycki
language

Sorokyne pn
Sorokyne
city

Sosnivka pn
Sosnówka

Sound pn
Sund
strait that separates Zealand from Scania

South Africa /ˌsaʊθ ˈæf.ɹɪ.kə/ [sɑɤ̯ˈθɛ̞frɘkə] pn
Afryka Południowa Republika Południowej Afryki
country

South African /ˌsaʊθˈaf.ɹɪ.kən/ adj
południowoafrykański
of, from, or pertaining to South Africa

South African /ˌsaʊθˈaf.ɹɪ.kən/ n
Południowoafrykanka Południowoafrykańczyk
person

South America /ˌsaʊθ əˈmɛɹɪkə/ pn
Ameryka Południowa
continent that is the southern part of the Americas

South American adj
południowoamerykański
relating to South America

South Asia pn
Azja Południowa
South Asia

South Asian adj
południowoazjatycki
relating to South Asia

South Australia pn
Australia Południowa
state of Australia

South Carolina /ˌsaʊθ kæɹəˈlaɪnə/ /ˌsaʊθ kɛɹəˈlaɪnə/ pn
Karolina Południowa
US state

South China Sea pn
Morze Południowochińskie
Pacific Ocean, between the Asian mainland and Taiwan, Borneo and the Philippines

South Dakota /ˈsaʊθ dəˈkoʊ.tə/ pn
Dakota Południowa
state of the USA

South Georgia pn
Georgia Południowa
the island

South Holland pn
Holandia Południowa
province

South Island pn
Wyspa Południowa
one of the two major islands making up New Zealand

South Korea pn
Korea Południowa
a country in East Asia, comprising the southern half of the Korean Peninsula

South Korean adj
południowokoreański
of South Korea

South Korean n
Koreanka Koreańczyk
person from or descended from South Korea

South Ossetia pn
Osetia Południowa
South Ossetia

South Pole /ˌsaʊθ ˈpoʊl/ /ˌsaʊθ ˈpəʊl/ pn
biegun południowy
the southernmost point on Earth

South Slavic adj
południowosłowiański
of or relating to South Slavic or the South Slavs

South Sudan pn
Sudan Południowy
country in Africa

South Yemen pn
Jemen Południowy
country

Southeast Asia pn
Azja Południowo-Wschodnia
a subregion of Asia

Southern Bug pn
Boh Południowy Bug

Southern Cross /ˌsʌðə(ɹ)n ˈkɹɒs/ pn
Krzyż Południa
constellation

Southern Europe pn
Europa Południowa
Southern Europe

Southern European adj
południowoeuropejski
Southern European

Southern Ocean pn
Ocean Południowy Ocean Antarktyczny
the ocean surrounding Antarctica

Southern Rhodesia pn
Rodezja Południowa
former name of what is now Zimbabwe

Southerner /ˈsʌðɛnəɹ/ /ˈsʌðᵊnə/ /ˈsʌðᵊnəɹ/ n
południowiec
someone from the area that once formed the CSA

Southwest Asia pn
Azja Południowo-Zachodnia

Sovetsk pn
Sowieck Tylża

Soviet adj
radziecki sowiecki
pertaining to the Soviet Union or its republics

Soviet n
Sowiet Sowietka
citizen

Soviet Russia pn
Rosja Radziecka
Soviet Union in the early stages

Soviet Socialist Republic pn
republika radziecka republika sowiecka socjalistyczna republika radziecka socjalistyczna republika sowiecka
any of the republics belonging to the former Soviet Union

Soviet Union /ˈsoʊviət ˈjuːnjən/ /ˈsɒviət ˈjuːniən/ /ˈsəʊvɪət ˈjuːniən/ pn
Związek Radziecki
USSR

Sovietization n
sowietyzacja
act or process of Sovietizing

Sovietize v
sowietyzować
to adapt to the sociopolitical standards of the Soviet Union

Sovietologist n
sowietolog
a person who engages in Sovietology

Sovietology n
sowietologia
the field of study of the Soviet Union

Sovietwave n
sovietwave

Soyuz /ˈsɔɪjuːz/ /ˈsɔːjuːz/ n
Sojuz
a Soviet/Russian spacecraft

Space Shuttle n
prom kosmiczny
a space transportation system

Spain /speɪn/ /spæɪn/ pn
Hiszpania
country in Europe

Spaniard /ˈspæn.jəd/ /ˈspæn.jɚd/ n
Hiszpan Hiszpanka
somebody from Spain

Spanish /ˈspæn.ɪʃ/ adj
hiszpański
of or pertaining to Spain
of or pertaining to the Spanish language
of or pertaining to the people or culture of Spain

Spanish /ˈspæn.ɪʃ/ n
Hiszpan
people of Spain, collectively

Spanish /ˈspæn.ɪʃ/ pn
hiszpański hiszpańszczyzna
Romance language of Spain and the Americas

Spanish omelette n
tortilla
omelette with fried potatoes

Spanish sparrow n
wróbel śródziemnomorski
Passer hispaniolensis

Spanishness n
hiszpańskość
quality of being Spanish

Sparta /ˈspɑː(ɹ)tə/ pn
Sparta
ancient city-state in southern Greece

Spartacus /ˈspɑːtəkəs/ /ˈspɑːɹtəkəs/ pn
Spartakus
Thracian name

Spartan adj
spartański
of Sparta

Special Region of Yogyakarta pn
okręg Yogyakarta
autonomous region of Indonesia

Speyer pn
Spira
a city in Germany

Sphinx /ˈsfɪŋks/ pn
Sfinks
Greek mythological creature
large monument in Egypt

Spiritism pn
spirytyzm
philosophical doctrine

Split /splɪt/ pn
Split
port city in Croatia

Sprachgefühl n
intuicja językowa poczucie językowe wyczucie językowe
the instinctive or intuitive grasp of a language

Spree /spɹeɪ/ /ʃpɹeɪ/ pn
Sprewa
river in Germany

Springfield pn
Springfield
Any of several towns

Springtime of Nations pn
Wiosna Ludów
period 1848-49 in Europe characterised by revolutions

Sr. adj
senior
senior, post-nomial title used by a father sharing the same name as the son

Srebrenica /-ˈnɪtsə/ /ˌsɹɛbɹəˈniːtsə/ /ˌʃɹɛbɹəˈniːtsə/ pn
Srebrenica
Bosnian town

Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte pn
Sri Dźajawardanapura Kotte
the administrative capital of Sri Lanka

Sri Lanka /sɹ/ /sɹiˈlæŋkə/ /sɹiˈlɑːŋkə/ /ʃɹ/ /ʃɹiˈlɑːŋkə/ pn
Sri Lanka
a country in South Asia

Sri Lankan adj
lankijski
of, from, or pertaining to Sri Lanka or to the Sri Lankan people

Sri Lankan n
Lankijczyk Lankijka
a person from Sri Lanka or of Sri Lankan descent

St n
św.
abbreviation of Saint

St George's Channel pn
Kanał Świętego Jerzego
channel connecting the Irish Sea to the north and the Atlantic Ocean

St John's wort /seɪnt ˈd͡ʒɑnz wɝt/ /sən(t) ˈd͡ʒɒnz wɜːt/ n
dziurawiec
any plant of the genus Hypericum

St. n
ul.
abbreviation of Street

St. Elmo's fire n
ognie świętego Elma
electrical discharge

St. George's /ˈseɪnt ˈdʒɔɹdʒɪz/ pn
Saint George's
capital of Grenada

St. George's Day pn
Dzień Świętego Jerzego
saint's day of Saint George

St. John's /ˈseɪnt ˈd͡ʒɑnz/ pn
Saint John's
capital of Antigua and Barbuda

Stagirite /ˈstæd͡ʒɪɹʌɪt/ /ˈstæɡɪɹʌɪt/ n
Stagiryta
someone from Stagira

Stagirite /ˈstæd͡ʒɪɹʌɪt/ /ˈstæɡɪɹʌɪt/ pn
Stagiryta
Aristotle the Stagirite

Stalin /ˈstɑː.lɪn/ pn
Stalin
Stalin

Stalinism n
stalinizm
Communist philosophies espoused by Josef Stalin

Stalinist adj
stalinowski
of or relating to Stalinism

Stalinist n
stalinista stalinistka stalinowiec
a person who accepts the philosophy of Stalinism

Stanislaus /ˈstænɪslɔːs/ pn
Stanisław
male given name- the standard or most popular form

Star Wars [ˈstɑɹ ˈwɔɹz] [ˈstɑː(ɹ) ˈwɔː(ɹ)z] [ˈstɑ˞ ˈwɔɹz] pn
Gwiezdne wojny
epic space opera franchise
gwiezdne wojny wojny gwiezdne
Strategic Defense Initiative

Star of Bethlehem pn
Gwiazda Betlejemska
star mentioned in the Gospel of Matthew

Star of David pn
gwiazda Dawida
symbol of Jewish identity and Judaism

Starobilsk pn
Starobielsk
city

Starokostiantyniv pn
Konstantynów Starokonstantynów
city

Staryi Krym pn
Stary Krym
city

Staryi Sambir pn
Stary Sambor
city

State of Israel pn
Państwo Izrael
country (official name)

State of Libya pn
Państwo Libia
country (official name)

Statue of Liberty pn
Statua Wolności
large statue in New York harbor

Stavropol pn
Stawropol
city

Stebnyk pn
Stebnik
city

Stella /ˈstɛlə/ pn
Stela Stella
female given name

Steller sea lion /ˈstɛlə siː ˈlaɪən/ n
lew morski Stellera uchatek grzywiasty uchatka grzywiasta
Eumetopias jubatus

Stendhalian /stɒ̃ˈdɑːlɪən/ /stɛnˈdɑli.ən/ /stɛ̃ˈdɑli.ən/ adj
stendhalowski
pertaining to, or in the style of Stendhal

Stepanakert pn
Stepanakert
capital of the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic

Stephanie /ˈstɛfəni/ pn
Stefania
female given name

Stephen /ˈstiːfən/ /ˈstiːvən/ /ˈstɛfən/ pn
Stefan Szczepan
male given name
Szczepan
biblical martyr

Stigmata pn
stygmaty
Stigmata

Stilton /ˈstɪltən/ n
stilton
blue-veined cheese made in England

Stirling number of the second kind n
liczba Stirlinga II rodzaju

Stockholm /ˈstɒkhoʊ(l)m/ /ˈstɒkhɒlm/ pn
Sztokholm
capital city of Sweden

Stockholm syndrome n
syndrom sztokholmski
psychological condition

Stockholmer adj
sztokholmski
of, from or pertaining to Stockholm

Stockholmer n
sztokholmczyk sztokholmka
someone from Stockholm

Stokavian adj
sztokawski
of or pertaining to Štokavian

Stokavian pn
sztokawski
West South Slavic dialect grouping

Stolin pn
Stolin

Stone pn
Kamień
surname meaning "stone"

Stone Age /ˈstoʊn ˌeɪdʒ/ /ˈstəʊn ˌeɪdʒ/ pn
epoka kamienia
prehistoric period

Storozhynets pn
Storożyniec
city

Strait of Dover pn
Cieśnina Kaletańska
strait in the English Channel

Strait of Gibraltar pn
Cieśnina Gibraltarska
Strait of Gibraltar

Strait of Kerch pn
Cieśnina Kerczeńska
strait

Strait of Magellan pn
Cieśnina Magellana
Strait of Magellan

Strait of Malacca pn
Cieśnina Malakka
strait between the Malay Peninsula and Sumatra

Strait of Messina pn
Cieśnina Mesyńska Cieśnina Messyńska
narrow section of water between Sicily and mainland Italy

Strait of Sicily pn
Cieśnina Sycylijska
strait between Sicily and Tunisia

Strasbourg /ˈstɹæsbɜːɡ/ /ˈstɹæzbɜːɡ/ /ˈstɹɑːsbɝːɡ/ pn
Strasburg Sztrasburg
city in Alsace

Stribog pn
Strzybóg
Slavic god

Stryi pn
Stryj
city

Stryjewka pn
Stryjówka

Sturm und Drang /ˈʃtəɹm ʊnt ˈdɹaŋ/ n
okres burzy i naporu
turmoil

Stuttgart /ˈstʊtɡɑː(ɹ)t/ /ˈstʌtɡɑː(ɹ)t/ /ˈʃtʊtɡɑː(ɹ)t/ pn
Stuttgart
the capital and largest city of the state of Baden-Württemberg in Germany

Stymphalian bird n
Ptaki stymfalijskie
man-eating bird

Styria pn
Styria
Austrian state

Styrian adj
styryjski
of, from or relating to Styria

Styrian n
Styryjczyk
someone from Styria

Styx /stɪks/ pn
Styks
river of the underworld

Subaru pn
Subaru
automobile manufacturer

Subcarpathian Voivodeship pn
województwo podkarpackie
Subcarpathian Voivodeship

Subscriber Identity Module n
karta SIM
component on a SIM card that stores information to identify a mobile phone user

Suceava pn
Suczawa
city

Sudak pn
Sudak
resort town

Sudan /suˈdæn/ /suˈdɑn/ /suːˈdɑːn/ /sʉːˈdæn/ /sʉːˈdɐːn/ pn
Sudan
Republic of Sudan

Sudeten adj
sudecki
of or pertaining to Sudeten

Sudeten pn
Sudety
series of mountains

Sudetenland pn
Kraj Sudetów Kraj Sudecki
region in Czechia

Sudetic /suːˈdeɪtɪk/ /suːˈdiːtɪk/ adj
sudecki
relating to the Sudetes or Sudetenland

Sudova Vyshnia pn
Sądowa Wisznia

Suez Canal pn
Kanał Sueski
canal

Sugarloaf Mountain pn
Głowa Cukru
rocky peak in Rio de Janeiro

Sukhodilsk pn
Suchodilśk

Sukhumi /suːˈkuːmi/ /suːˈxuːmi/ pn
Suchumi
capital city

Sukkot pn
Sukkot Święto Szałasów Kuczki Święto Namiotów
seven-day biblical festival

Suleimanic adj
sulejmański

Sumatra /suːˈmɑːtɹə/ pn
Sumatra
the largest island of Indonesia

Sumerian /suˈmɛɚ.i.ən/ /suˈmɪə.ɹɪ.ən/ /səˈmɛɚ.i.ən/ /səˈmɪə.ɹɪ.ən/ adj
sumerski sumeryjski
pertaining to Sumer

Sumerian /suˈmɛɚ.i.ən/ /suˈmɪə.ɹɪ.ən/ /səˈmɛɚ.i.ən/ /səˈmɪə.ɹɪ.ən/ n
Sumer Sumeryjczyk Sumeryjka
person

Sumerian /suˈmɛɚ.i.ən/ /suˈmɪə.ɹɪ.ən/ /səˈmɛɚ.i.ən/ /səˈmɪə.ɹɪ.ən/ pn
sumeryjski
language

Sumy /ˈsumi/ /ˈsuːmɪ/ pn
Obwód sumski
oblast
Sumy
city

Sun /sʌn/ pn
słońce Słońce
star

Sundanese /sʌndəˈniːz/ adj
sundajski
pertaining to the Sudanese people

Sundanese /sʌndəˈniːz/ n
Sundajczyk
ethnic group member

Sundanese /sʌndəˈniːz/ pn
sundajski
language

Sunday /ˈsʌn.deɪ/ /ˈsʌn.di/ n
niedziela
day of the week

Sunday driver n
niedzielny kierowca
one who drives slowly

Sunni /ˈsʊni/ n
sunnita
follower of Sunni Islam

Sunni Islam pn
sunnizm
largest branch of Islam

Supreme Leader n
Najwyższy Prawnik Muzułmański Najwyższy Przywódca
head of state of Iran

Suriname /ˈsʊə.ɹɪ.næm/ /ˈsʊɹ.ɪ.næm/ /ˈsʊɹ.ɪ.nɑm/ /ˌsjʊə.ɹɪˈnæm/ /ˌsʊə.ɹɪˈnæm/ /ˌsʊɹ.ɪˈnɑm/ pn
Surinam
country

Surinamese /ˌsʊəɹɪnəˈmiːz/ adj
surinamski
of, from or pertaining to Suriname

Surinamese /ˌsʊəɹɪnəˈmiːz/ n
Surinamczyk Surinamka
person from Suriname

Surrey /ˈsʌɹi/ pn
Surrey
county in the south east of England

Surzhyk pn
surżyk
language

Susan /ˈsjuː-/ /ˈsuː.zən/ /ˈsuː.zɪn/ pn
Zuzanna
female given name

Susanna pn
Zuzanna
biblical character

Sussex /ˈsʌs.əks/ pn
Sussex
A former county in England.

Suva /ˈsuːvə/ pn
Suva
capital of Fiji

Suvalkija pn
Suwalszczyzna Jaćwież
Suvalkija

Suwalki gap pn
korytarz suwalski przesmyk suwalski
gap between Kaliningrad and Belarus

Svalbard /ˈsvɑːlbɑː(ɹ)/ /ˈsvɑːlbɑː(ɹ)d/ pn
Svalbard
islands north east of Greenland

Svaliava pn
Swalawa
city in Mukachevo Raion

Svan pn
swański
language

Svarog pn
Swaróg
Slavic god of the sun

Svatove pn
Swatowe
city

Svatý Kopeček pn
Svatý Kopeček
part of Olomouc

Sverdlovsk pn
Swierdłowsk
former name of Yekaterinburg

Svetlana pn
Swietłana Świetlana
female given name

Svetovid pn
Świętowit
west Slavic god of war

Sviatohirsk pn
Świętogórsk
town in Ukraine

Svitlodarsk pn
Switłodarśk

Svitlovodsk pn
Switłowodśk

Swabian /ˈsweɪbi.ən/ adj
szwabski
of or pertaining to Swabia
of or pertaining to the Swabian dialect of German
of or pertaining to the Swabian people

Swabian /ˈsweɪbi.ən/ n
Szwab Szwabka
person

Swabian /ˈsweɪbi.ən/ pn
szwabski
Swabian dialect of German

Swadesh list n
Lista Swadesha
lists of vocabulary intended to be available in all languages, so-called "universals"

Swahili /swɑˈhili/ /swəˈhili/ /swəˈhiːli/ pn
suahili
language

Swainson's thrush n
drozdek okularowy
Catharus ustulatus

Swansea /ˈswɒnzi/ pn
Swansea
a city in South Wales

Swazi pn
suazi
Bantu language

Swaziland /ˈswɑːziˌlænd/ pn
Suazi
Kingdom of Swaziland

Swede /swiːd/ n
Szwed Szwedka
person from Sweden or of Swedish descent

Sweden /ˈswi.dən/ /ˈswiː.dən/ pn
Szwecja
Scandinavian country

Swedish /ˈswiː.dɪʃ/ adj
szwedzki
of or pertaining to Sweden
of or pertaining to the Swedish language

Swedish /ˈswiː.dɪʃ/ pn
szwedzki
language

Swedish massage n
masaż szwedzki
style of massage

Swedophone adj
szwedzkojęzyczny
Swedish-speaking

Swiss /swɪs/ adj
szwajcarski
of or pertaining to Swiss language(s) or Swiss dialect(s)
of or pertaining to the Swiss people
szwajcarski Szwajcar
of or pertaining to Switzerland

Swiss /swɪs/ n
Szwajcar Szwajcarka
Swiss person

Swiss Army knife n
szwajcarski nóż oficerski
type of pocket knife

Swiss Confederation pn
Konfederacja Szwajcarska
Official name of Switzerland

Swiss franc n
frank szwajcarski
currency of Switzerland

Swiss pine n
sosna limba
Pinus cembra

Swiss roll n
rolada
type of sponge cake roll

Swissness n
szwajcarskość
quality or state of being Swiss

Switzerland /ˈswɪt.sə.lənd/ /ˈswɪt.sɚ.lənd/ pn
Szwajcaria
sovereign country

Sydney /ˈsɪd.ni/ pn
Sydney
state capital of New South Wales, Australia

Sydney funnel-web spider n
atraks
Atrax robustus

Sykes's warbler n
zaganiacz afgański
Iduna rama

Syktyvkar pn
Syktywkar
city in Russia

Sylvester /sɪlˈvɛstɚ/ pn
Sylwester
male given name

Synelnykove pn
Synelnykowe
city

Syr Darya pn
Syr-daria
river

Syracusan adj
syrakuzański
of, from or relating to Syracuse, Italy

Syracuse /ˈsɛɹəkjus/ /ˈsɪɹəkjuːz/ pn
Syrakuzy
city in New York state
city and port in the province of Syracuse, Sicily
province in Sicily

Syria /ˈsɪɹi.ə/ pn
Syria
country in Western Asia

Syriac /ˈsɪɹiˌæk/ pn
syryjski
language

Syrian /ˈsɪɹi.ən/ adj
syryjski
of, from, or pertaining to Syria, the Syrian people or the Syrian language

Syrian /ˈsɪɹi.ən/ n
Syryjczyk Syryjka
a person from Syria or of Syrian descent

Syrian Arab Republic pn
Syryjska Republika Arabska
official name of Syria

Szczecin pn
Szczecin
city in Poland

Szczedrzyk pn
Szczedrzyk
village

Szeged /ˈsɛɡɛd/ pn
Segedyn
city in Hungary

Szlachta /ˈʃlæxta/ pn
szlachta
nobility of Poland, and Lithuania

Székely /ˈseɪkeɪ/ adj
seklerski
of or pertaining to the Székely people or their dialect

Székely /ˈseɪkeɪ/ n
Sekler Seklerka
member of a subgroup of the Hungarian people

Székesfehérvár pn
Białogród Królewski Białogród Stołeczny Székesfehérvár
city in Hungary

São Paulo /ˌsaʊ ˈpaʊ.loʊ/ pn
São Paulo
city and state

São Tomé pn
São Tomé
capital of São Tomé and Príncipe

São Tomé and Príncipe /ˌsaʊ təˈmeɪ ən ˈpɹɪnsɪpeɪ/ pn
Wyspy Świętego Tomasza i Książęca
Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe

T-bar n
orczyk wyciąg orczykowy
ski lift

T-beam n
teownik
structural member with a cross section shaped like the letter T

T-bone steak n
stek na kości
the beef steak

T-shirt /ˈtiːʃɚt/ /ˈtiːʃɜːt/ n
koszulka T-shirt
type of shirt

T-square n
przykładnica
rule with a short perpendicular crosspiece at one end

TTBOMK adv
o ile mi wiadomo
to one's knowledge

TV guide n
magazyn telewizyjny program telewizyjny
television listing

Tabasco /təˈbæskəʊ/ n
tabasco
spicy pepper sauce

Table Mountains pn
Góry Stołowe
sandstone mountain range in the Central Sudetes

Tacitus /ˈtæsɪtʊs/ pn
Tacyt
Roman cognomen

Taganrog /təɡɐnˈrok/ pn
Taganrog
city in Russia

Tagus /ˈteɪ.ɡəs/ pn
Tag
Iberian river

Tahitian adj
tahitański
relating to Tahiti

Tahitian n
Tahitanka Tahitańczyk
native or inhabitant

Tahitian pn
tahitański
language

Taichung /-t͡ʃʌŋ/ /ˈtaɪˈd͡ʒʊŋ/ /ˌtaɪˈt͡ʃʊŋ/ pn
Taizhong
a large city in Taiwan

Taimyr pn
Tajmyr
large peninsula

Tainan pn
Tainan
a city in Taiwan

Taipei /taɪˈpeɪ/ pn
Tajpej
Taipei

Taiwan /ˌtaɪˈwæn/ /ˌtaɪˈwɑn/ /ˌtaɪˈwɑːn/ /ˌtaɪˈwɒn/ pn
Tajwan
East Asian country
East Asian island

Taiwan Strait pn
Cieśnina Tajwańska
the channel of water between mainland China and Taiwan

Taiwan field mouse n
myszarka tajwańska

Taiwanese /taɪwəˈniːz/ /ˌtaɪwɑˈniːz/ adj
tajwański
relating to Taiwan

Taj Mahal /t̪ɑd͡ʒ mɛhɛl/ /t̪ɑd͡ʒ mɛhɛl̪/ /ˌtɑːdʒ məˈhɑːl/ /ˌtɑːʒ məˈhɑːl/ pn
Tadź Mahal Tadż Mahal
monument in India

Tajik /tæˈd͡ʒiːk/ /ˈtɑːd͡ʒɪk/ adj
tadżycki
of, from, or pertaining to Tajikistan, the Tajik people or the Tajik language

Tajik /tæˈd͡ʒiːk/ /ˈtɑːd͡ʒɪk/ n
Tadżyk Tadżyczka Tadżyjka
person

Tajik /tæˈd͡ʒiːk/ /ˈtɑːd͡ʒɪk/ pn
tadżycki
language

Tajikistan pn
Tadżykistan
Republic of Tajikistan

Taliban /ˈtælɪbæn/ /ˈtælɪbɑːn/ /ˈtɑːlɪbɑːn/ n
talib
member of the Taliban movement or its militia
talibowie
militia

Taliban /ˈtælɪbæn/ /ˈtælɪbɑːn/ /ˈtɑːlɪbɑːn/ pn
Taliban Talibowie
Islamist movement in Afghanistan

Tallinn /ˈtælɪn/ /ˈtɑːlɪn/ pn
Tallinn
capital of Estonia

Tallinner adj
talliński
from Tallinn

Tallinner n
tallinka tallińczyk
someone from Tallin

Talmud /ˈtælməd/ /ˈtælmʊd/ /ˈtɑlmʊd/ pn
Talmud
collection of Jewish writings

Talmudic /tælˈmʊdɪk/ /tɑl-/ adj
talmudyczny
related to the Talmud

Talne pn
Talne
city

Talossan pn
talossański
the language

Tamara /tɑmɑɹə/ /təmæɹə/ /təmɛɹə/ pn
Tamara
female given name

Tambov pn
Tambow
a city in Russia

Tamerlane /ˈtæməleɪn/ /ˈtæməɹleɪn/ pn
Tamerlan
Turco-Mongol conqueror

Tamil /ˈtæməl/ /ˈtæmɪl/ adj
tamilski
of or pertaining to the Tamil people, culture, or language

Tamil /ˈtæməl/ /ˈtæmɪl/ n
Tamil Tamilka
person
tamilski
language

Tamil Tigers pn
Tamilskie Tygrysy
guerrilla organization

Tanakh /tɑˈnɑk/ /tɑˈnɑx/ pn
Tanach
body of Jewish scripture

Tanganyika /tæŋɡənˈjiːkə/ /tæŋɡəˈniːkə/ pn
Tanganika
lake
territory, former country

Tangut /ˈtɑŋ.ɡʊt/ adj
tangucki
relational adjective

Tangut /ˈtɑŋ.ɡʊt/ n
Tanguci
a people of China
Tangut

Tangutologist n
uczona z tanguckiego uczony z tanguckiego

Tangutology n
nauka o tanguckim

Tantalus /ˈtæntələs/ pn
Tantal
condemned Phrygian king

Tanzania /ˌtænzəˈniːə/ pn
Tanzania
United Republic of Tanzania

Tanzanian /ˌtænzəˈniən/ adj
tanzański
of, from, or pertaining to Tanzania and its people

Tanzanian /ˌtænzəˈniən/ n
Tanzańczyk Tanzanka
a person from Tanzania or of Tanzanian descent

Tao /daʊ/ /taʊ/ pn
dao tao
Chinese philosophical term

Taoism /daʊɪzm̩/ /taʊɪzm̩/ n
taoizm daoizm
Chinese philosophy founded by Lao-tzu
religion developed from Taoist philosophy

Taoist /daʊɪst/ /taʊɪst/ adj
daoistyczny taoistyczny
relating to Taoism

Taoist /daʊɪst/ /taʊɪst/ n
taoista taoistka
a follower of Taoism

Tarantino n
tarencki
dialect of Neapolitan
tarentczyk tarentka
native or inhabitant of Taranto

Taranto /təˈɹæn.toʊ/ /ˈtæ.ɹən.təʊ/ /ˈtɛɹ.ən.toʊ/ pn
Tarent
city and province

Tarashcha pn
Taraszcza

Taraškievica pn
taraszkiewica
a classical Belarusian orthography, also a current alternative standard

Tartarean /tɑɹˈtɑɹ.i.ən/ n
mieszkaniec Tartaru
A native or inhabitant of Tartarus

Tartarus pn
Tartar
dark part of Hades

Tartu /ˈtɑɹtu/ pn
Tartu
second-largest city in Estonia

Tarzan /ˈtɑɹzæn/ pn
Tarzan
fictional character

Tarzanian adj
dotyczący Tarzana

Tashkent /ˌtæʃˈkɛnt/ /ˌtɑːʃˈkɛnt/ pn
Taszkent
capital of Uzbekistan

Tasman Sea /ˈtæzmən ˈsiː/ pn
Morze Tasmana
part of the Pacific Ocean

Tasmania /tæzˈmeɪniə/ pn
Tasmania
Australian state
island comprising majority of state

Tasmanian devil n
diabeł tasmański
Sarcophilus harrisii

Tatar /ˈtætɑː(ɹ)/ /ˈtɑtɚ/ adj
tatarski
Tatar (adjective)

Tatar /ˈtætɑː(ɹ)/ /ˈtɑtɚ/ n
Tatar Tatarka
person

Tatar /ˈtætɑː(ɹ)/ /ˈtɑtɚ/ pn
tatarski
language

Tatarbunary pn
Tatarbunary
city

Tatarstan pn
Tatarstan
Tatarstan, Russia

Tatary pn
Tatary
any of several populated places in Poland

Tatiana pn
Tacjana Tatiana
female given name

Tatra pn
Tatry
mountain range on the border of Poland and Slovakia

Tauragė pn
Taurogi

Taurus /ˈtɑɹəs/ /ˈtɔːɹəs/ pn
Byk
astrological sign
constellation

Tavriisk pn
Tawrijśk

Taylor /ˈteɪlɚ/ pn
Krawczyk Krawiec Sznajder
surname associated with "tailor"

Tbilisi /tə.bɪˈliː.si/ /təˈbliː.si/ /təˈbɪ.lɪ.si/ pn
Tbilisi
the capital city of Georgia (the country)

Tchaikovsky /t͡ʃaɪˈkɑfski/ pn
Czajkowski
surname

Tehran /ˈteəɹ.ɑːn/ /ˈtɛ.ɹæn/ pn
Teheran
capital of Iran

Tehrani adj
teherański
of or relating to Tehran

Tehrani n
teheranka teherańczyk
a native of Tehran

Tel Aviv /ˌtɛl.əˈviːv/ /ˌtɛl.əˈvɪv/ pn
Tel Awiw
city in Israel

Tel Aviv-Yafo pn
Tel Awiw-Jafa
municipality in Israel

Telemachus /təˈlɛməkəs/ pn
Telemach
the son of Odysseus

Telescopium pn
Luneta
small faint constellation of the southern winter sky

Telesphoros pn
Telesforos
Son of Asclepius

Teletubby n
teletubiś
TV creature

Telugu /ˈtɛl.ə.ɡuː/ pn
telugu
Dravidian language of India

Telychian pn
Telych

Telšiai pn
Telsze
city in Lithuania

Temminck's stint n
biegus mały
Calidris temminckii

Templar n
templariusz
one of the Knights Templar

Temujin pn
Temudżyn
given name

Ten Commandments pn
dekalog dziesięcioro przykazań dziesięć przykazań
religious ten commandments

Tenerife /ˌtɛnəˈɹiːf/ pn
Teneryfa
one of the Canary Islands

Tengmalm's owl n
włochatka włochatka zwyczajna
species

Tengwar /ˈtɛŋ.ɡwɑɹ/ /ˈtɛŋ.ɡwɑː/ pn
Tengwar

Tennessee /ˌtɛn.əˈsiː/ pn
Tennessee
state

Teplodar pn
Tepłodar

Teramo pn
Teramo
capital
province

Terebovlia pn
Trembowla

Teresa /təˈɹiː.sə/ /təˈɹiː.zə/ pn
Teresa
female given name

Ternivka pn
Terniwka Ternówka

Ternopil pn
Obwód tarnopolski
oblast
Tarnopol
city

Ternopilian adj
tarnopolski

Ternopilian n
tarnopolanin tarnopolanka

Terpsichore /təpˈsɪkəɹi/ /tɚpˈsɪkəɹi/ pn
Terpsychora
Greek mythology: one of the nine muses

Terracotta Army pn
Terakotowa Armia
the Terra Cotta Warriors and Horses of the First Emperor of China

Tertiary pn
trzeciorzęd
first part of the Cenozoic era

Teruel pn
Teruel
city

Tetiiv pn
Tetyjów
city

Tetragrammaton n
tetragram
the four Hebrew letters }}, used as the ineffable name of God

Tetris /ˈtɛtɹɪs/ pn
Tetris
game in which falling shapes must be manipulated

Teuton /ˈt(j)u.tɑn/ /ˈt(j)u.tən/ /ˈt(j)uː.tɒn/ /ˈt(j)uː.tən/ n
Germanin Germanka Teuton
member of a Germanic tribe

Teutonic /ˌtjuːˈtɒn.ɪk/ adj
teutoński germański
relating to the ancient Germanic people

Teutonic Knights pn
Zakon Krzyżacki
order

Texan /ˈtɛksən/ adj
teksaski teksański
of or pertaining to Texas

Texan /ˈtɛksən/ n
Teksanka Teksańczyk
an inhabitant or a resident of Texas

Texas /ˈtɛk.səs/ /ˈtɛk.sɪs/ /ˈtɛk.sɪz/ pn
Teksas
a state of the United States of America

Thaddaeus pn
Tadeusz
the Apostle
male given name

Thai /taɪ/ adj
tajski tajlandzki
of or pertaining to Thailand

Thai /taɪ/ n
Taj Tajka
person from Thailand or of Thai origin
język tajski tajski
language

Thailand /ˈtaɪlænd/ /ˈtaɪlənd/ pn
Tajlandia
country in Southeast Asia

Thais pn
Taida Tais Taisja Tesja
female given name

Thales /ˈθeɪliːz/ pn
Tales
philosopher

Thalia /ˈθɑːliə/ /θəˈlaɪ.ə/ pn
Talia
one of the three Graces
the muse of comedy and idyllic poetry

Thames /tɛmz/ /θeɪmz/ pn
Tamiza
river through London

Thanatos /ˈθænəˌtɒs/ n
Tanatos
Thanatos, the god of death

Thanetian pn
Tanet

Thanksgiving /ˈθæŋksɡɪvɪŋ/ /θæŋksˈɡɪvɪŋ/ pn
Dzień Dziękczynienia Święto Dziękczynienia
Thanksgiving Day

Tharau pn
Tarowo
village in East Prussia

Thatcherism pn
taczeryzm thatcheryzm
political ideology of Thatcher's governments

Thatcherite /ˈθæt͡ʃəɹaɪt/ n
taczerysta taczerystka thatcherysta thatcherystka
advocate of Thatcherism

The End /ði ɛnd/ /ðiː ɛnd/ n
koniec
end of a story or film

The Hague /ðə ˈheɪɡ/ pn
Haga
Dutch city

Theban adj
tebański
pertaining to Thebes

Thebes /θiːbz/ pn
Teby
ancient city in Upper Egypt
city in Greece

Thecla /θiːklə/ /θɛklə/ pn
Tekla
female given name

Theoderic /θiˈɑd.əɹ.ɪk/ /θiːˈɒd.əɹ.ɪk/ pn
Teodoryk
male given name

Theodora pn
Teodora
female given name

Theodore pn
Teodor
male given name

Theodosia pn
Teodozja
female given name

Theodosian adj
teodozjański

Theodosius pn
Teodozjusz
male given name

Theophilus /θiːˈɒfɪləs/ pn
Teofil
biblical character
male given name

Theotokos /ˌθeɪoʊˈtoʊkoʊs/ /θiːˈɒtəˌkɒs/ pn
Bogarodzica Bogurodzica
Mary, mother of Jesus, as God-bearer

Thermidor /ˈθɜːmɪdɔː/ /ˈθɝmədɔɹ/ pn
thermidor
the eleventh month of the French Republican Calendar

Thermopylae /θəˈmɒpɪli/ /θɚˈmɑpɪli/ pn
Termopile
narrow pass in eastern Greece

Theron /ˈθɛəɹən/ /ˈθɛɹən/ pn
Teron
5th century BC tyrant of Akragas

Theseus /ˈθiːsiːəs/ pn
Tezeusz
hero

Thessalonian n
Tesaloniczanin

Thessalonians /θɛsəˈloʊni.ənz/ pn
List do Tesaloniczan
books of the Bible

Thessaloniki /ˌθɛsələˈniːki/ pn
Saloniki
city in Greece

Thessaly /ˈθɛsəli/ pn
Tesalia
region of Greece

Thetis /ˈθɛtɪs/ pn
Tetyda
the mother of Achilles

Thimphu /tɪmˈpuː/ pn
Thimphu
the capital of Bhutan

Third Reich pn
III Rzesza Trzecia Rzesza
Germany under the Nazi regime

Third World pn
trzeci świat
countries not alligned with the west or east during the cold war
trzeci świat Trzeci Świat
developing countries

Thomas /ˈtɑ.məs/ /ˈtɒ.məs/ pn
Tomasz
biblical Apostle
given name
surname

Thomism n
tomizm
the philosophy and theology of Thomas Aquinas

Thomson's gazelle n
gazela Thomsona gazelopka sawannowa
species of gazelle

Thrace /θɹeɪs/ pn
Tracja
historical and geographic area in southeast Europe

Thracian /ˈθɹeɪʃi.ən/ /ˈθɹeɪʃən/ adj
tracki
of or pertaining to Thrace, Thracians of the Thracian language

Thracian /ˈθɹeɪʃi.ən/ /ˈθɹeɪʃən/ n
Trak
Inhabitant of Thrace

Three Emperors' Corner pn
Trójkąt Trzech Cesarzy

Thucydides /θjuːˈsɪdɪdiːz/ pn
Tukidydes
historian

Thumbelina /ˌθʌmbəˈliːnə/ pn
Calineczka Calinka Calóweczka Dziecię elfów Odrobinka Paluszka
a thumb-sized girl, the main character of a fairy tale

Thurgau pn
Turgowia
Canton

Thuringia /θəˈɹɪnd͡ʒiə/ pn
Turyngia
state

Thuringian /θjʊˈɹɪn.d͡ʒi.ən/ /θəˈɹɪn.d͡ʒi.ən/ adj
turyngeński
of or pertaining to Thuringia or its people

Thuringian /θjʊˈɹɪn.d͡ʒi.ən/ /θəˈɹɪn.d͡ʒi.ən/ n
Turynka Turyńczyk
a native or inhabitant of Thuringia

Thursday /ˈθɘːzdæɪ̯/ /ˈθɜːzdeɪ/ /ˈθɜːzdi/ /ˈθɝzdeɪ/ /ˈθɝzdi/ /ˈθɵːzdæe/ n
czwartek
day of the week

Tiachiv pn
Tiaczów
city

Tiananmen Square pn
Plac Niebiańskiego Spokoju Plac Tian'anmen
large plaza in Beijing

Tiber /ˈtaɪbə/ /ˈtaɪbəɹ/ pn
Tyber
river

Tiberias /taɪˈbɪəɹi.æs/ pn
Tyberiada
town

Tiberius /taɪˈbɪəɹ.i.əs/ /tɪˈbɛɹiʊs/ pn
Tyberiusz
given name

Tibet /təˈbɛt/ /tɪˈbɛt/ pn
Tybet
region in Inner Asia
shorthand for the Tibet Autonomous Region

Tibetan /tɪˈbɛtn̩/ adj
tybetański
of or pertaining to Tibet

Tibetan /tɪˈbɛtn̩/ n
(język) tybetański tybetański
a language
Tybetańczyk
a person

Tibetan Mastiff n
mastyf tybetański
Tibetan Mastiff

Tibetan fox n
lis tybetański
Vulpes ferrilata

Tierra del Fuego /tiˌɛɹə dɛl ˈfweɪɡoʊ/ /tɪˌɛːɹə dɛl ˈfweɪɡəʊ/ pn
Ziemia Ognista
archipelago between Chile and Argentina

Tiflis pn
Tyflis
Former name of Tbilisi

Tigger /ˈtɪɡə/ /ˈtɪɡɚ/ n
Tygrysek
overly enthusiastic or energetic person

Tigris /ˈtaɪɡɹɪs/ pn
Tygrys
river in Southwest Asia

Tijuanan /tiˈhwɑnən/ /tɪˈ(h)wɑːnən/ adj
tijuański
of Tijuana

TikToker n
tiktoker tiktokerka
TikToker

Tilsit n
Tylża
former name of Sovetsk
ser tylżycki
cheese

Timișoara /ˌtimiˈʃwɑɹɑ/ pn
Temeszwar Timiszoara
city in Romania

Timon /ˈtaɪmən/ pn
Tymon

Timor Sea pn
Morze Timor
sea between Timor and Australia

Timothy /ˈtɪməθi/ pn
List do Tymoteusza Tymoteusz
books in the New Testament
Tymoteusz
male given name
Tymoteusz List do Tymoteusza
companion of Paul

Tippex n
korektor
brand of correction fluid

Tirana /tɪˈɹɑː.nə/ pn
Tirana
capital and largest city of Albania

Tiranan adj
tirański
from Tirana

Tiranan n
tiranka tirańczyk
someone from Tirana

Tiraspol pn
Tyraspol
capital of Transnistria

Tishrei pn
tiszri
first month of civil year in the Jewish calendar

Tisiphone pn
Tyzyfone
Greek goddess of vengeance

Tisza pn
Cisa
river in Central Europe

Tiszabecs pn
Tiszabecs

Titan /ˈtaɪtən/ n
tytan
mythological giant

Titan /ˈtaɪtən/ pn
Tytan
moon of Saturn

Titanic /taɪˈtænɪk/ adj
tytaniczny
having great size, or great force, power, or strength

Titanomachy /ˌtaɪtəˈnɒməki/ pn
tytanomachia
mythological war between Titans and Olympian gods

Tithonian pn
tyton
age, 152.1-145 mya

Titian /ˈtɪʃən/ pn
Tycjan
sixteenth century Italian painter

Titianesque /tɪʃəˈnɛsk/ adj
tycjanowski
suggesting Titian's style

Titus /ˈtaɪtəs/ pn
List do Tytusa
book of the Bible
Tytus List do Tytusa
biblical character
male given name
Roman Emperor

Tlemcen /ˈtlɛmsɛn/ pn
Tilimsan
a city in Algeria
province of Algeria

Tlumach pn
Tłumacz
city in Ivano-Frankivsk Raion

Toarcian pn
toark

Tobago /təˈbeɪ.ɡəʊ/ pn
Tobago
island of the Caribbean

Tobias /təˈbaɪəs/ pn
Tobiasz
biblical character
male given name

Tobit pn
Księga Tobiasza
the book of the Bible

Tocharian /toʊˈkɑɹi.ən/ /toʊˈkɛɹi.ən/ /təuˈkɑːɹi.ən/ /təuˈkɛəɹi.ən/ adj
tocharski
related to Tocharians

Togo /ˈtoʊɡoʊ/ pn
Togo
Togolese Republic

Togolese adj
togijski
Of, from, or pertaining to Togo or its people

Togolese n
Togijczyk Togijka
A person from Togo or of Togolese descent

Tokelau /ˈtoʊkəlaʊ/ pn
Tokelau
a territory of New Zealand in the Pacific

Tokmak pn
Tokmak
city

Tokmok pn
Tokmok
city

Tokyo /ˈtoʊ.ki.oʊ/ /ˈtoʊ.kjoʊ/ /ˈtəʊ.ki.əʊ/ pn
Tokio
capital of Japan

Tokyoite adj
tokijski
relating to Tokyo

Tokyoite n
tokijczyk tokijka
person from Tokyo

Tolkien /ˈtɒlkiːn/ pn
Tolkien
a surname

Tolyatti /toʊlˈjɑti/ /tɒˈljatɪ/ /tɔlˈjɑti/ /ˌtɒlɪˈatɪ/ pn
Togliatti
city

Tom Thumb pn
Paluszek Tomcio Paluch
the thumb-sized hero of a fairy tale

Tomsk pn
Tomsk
а city in Russia

Tonga /ˈtoʊŋ.ə/ /ˈtɑŋ.ɡə/ /ˈtɒŋ.ə/ /ˈtɒŋ.ɡə/ /ˈtɔŋ.ɡə/ pn
Tonga
country

Tongan /ˈtɒŋən/ /ˈtɒŋɡən/ adj
tongijski
of, from, or pertaining to Tonga, Tongans or their language

Tongan /ˈtɒŋən/ /ˈtɒŋɡən/ n
Tongijczyk Tongijka
person from Tonga or of Tongan descent

Tony /ˈtoʊni/ /ˈtəʊni/ pn
Antek
male given name

Torah /ˈtɔːɹə/ pn
Tora
the Five Books of Moses - the full body of Jewish law

Toretsk pn
Torećk

Toronto /təˈɹɑn(t)oʊ/ /təˈɹɑnoʊ/ [tʰəˈɹɑntʰo(ʊ)] [tʰəˈɹɑɾ̃o(ʊ)] [tʰəˈɹɑɾ̃ə] [tʰɹɑɾ̃ə] [t͡ʃəˈɹɑno(ʊ)] [t͡ʃəˈɹɑnə] [t͡ʃɹɑno(ʊ)] [t͡ʃɹɑnə] pn
Toronto
city in Canada

Torres Strait pn
Cieśnina Torresa
a strait between Australia and New Guinea

Tortonian pn
torton

Toruń /ˈtoʊruːn/ /ˈtɒrʊnjə/ /ˈtɔːruːn(jə)/ pn
Toruń
city in north-central Poland

Toulon /tuːˈlɒn/ pn
Tulon
city in Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France

Tourette syndrome n
zespół Tourette'a
disorder characterized by tics

Tower of Babel pn
wieża Babel
tower erected at Babel

Tower of London pn
Tower Tower of London
a fortress in London

Toyota /taɪˈoʊtə/ /tɔɪˈoʊtə/ /tɔɪˈəʊtə/ [taɪ̯ˈoʊ̯ɾə] [tɔɪ̯ˈoʊ̯ɾə] n
toyota
a Toyota car

Toyota /taɪˈoʊtə/ /tɔɪˈoʊtə/ /tɔɪˈəʊtə/ [taɪ̯ˈoʊ̯ɾə] [tɔɪ̯ˈoʊ̯ɾə] pn
Toyota
Toyota Motor Corporation

Trajan /ˈtɹeɪ.d͡ʒən/ pn
Trajan
the Roman emperor

Trans-Siberian adj
transsyberyjski
across Siberia

Transdanubia pn
Kraj Zadunajski
region of Hungary

Transfiguration pn
Przemienienie Pańskie Transfiguracja
a feast day

Transnistria /tɹænzˈnɪsˌtɹi.ə/ pn
Naddniestrze
Transnistria, an autonomous territory in Moldova

Transnistrian adj
naddniestrzański
from, or pertaining to, Transnistria or its people or culture

Transylvania /tɹænsəlˈveɪni.ə/ pn
Siedmiogród Transylwania
Transylvania

Trapani pn
Trapani
city
province

Trasyanka pn
trasianka
language

Tremadocian n
Tremadok

Trento /ˈtɹɛntoʊ/ pn
Trydent
city

Triangulum pn
Trójkąt
constellation

Triangulum Australe pn
Trójkąt Południowy
constellation

Triassic /tɹaɪˈæsɪk/ adj
triasowy
relating to the Triassic period

Triassic /tɹaɪˈæsɪk/ pn
trias Trias
the geologic period

Tricity /ˌtɹaɪˈsɪti/ pn
Trójmiasto
metropolitan area

Tridentine /tɹaɪˈdɛntaɪn/ /tɹɪˈdɛntaɪn/ /ˈtɹɪdəntin/ adj
trydencki
relating to the Council of Trent
relating to the city of Trent

Trier pn
Trewir
city in Germany

Trieste /tɹiːˈɛst/ /tɹɪˈɛst/ pn
Triest
city
province

Trinidad and Tobago /ˌtɹɪn.ə.dæd ænd təˈbeɪ.ɡoʊ/ /ˌtɹɪn.ə.dæd ænd təˈbeɪ.ɡəʊ/ /ˌtɹɪn.ɪ.dæd ænd toʊˈbeɪ.ɡoʊ/ /ˌtɹɪn.ɪ.dæd ænd təʊˈbeɪ.ɡəʊ/ pn
Trynidad i Tobago
country

Trinity /ˈtɹɪ.nɪ.ti/ pn
Trójca Święta
Christianity: three persons of the Godhead

Trinity Sunday pn
Święto Trójcy Świętej
Sunday after Whitsunday

Tripoli /tɹɪˈpoʊlə/ /ˈtɹɪpəli/ pn
Trypolis
capital of Libya

Triton /ˈtɹaɪtən/ pn
Tryton
god of the sea
seventh moon of Neptune

Trojan /ˈtɹoʊd͡ʒən/ /ˈtɹəʊd͡ʒən/ adj
trojański
relating to the city Troy

Trojan War pn
wojna trojańska
mythological war

Trojan horse n
koń trojański
computing: malicious program
subversive person or device

Trojan horse pn
koń trojański
epic wooden horse

Tromsø pn
Tromsø
municipality in Norway

Tropic of Cancer pn
zwrotnik Raka
the parallel of latitude 23°30′ north of the equator

Tropic of Capricorn pn
zwrotnik Koziorożca
parallel of latitude 23°30' S

Trostianets pn
Trościaniec
city in Ukraine

Trotsky pn
Trocki
surname

Trotskyism n
trockizm
left-wing political philosophy named after Leon Trotsky

Trotskyite n
trockista trockistka
an advocate of the communist doctrines of Leon Trotsky

Troy /tɹɔɪ/ pn
Troja
an ancient city

Trump /tɹʌmp/ pn
Trump
surname

Trumpeldor pn
Trumpeldor
surname

Truskavets pn
Truskawiec
city

Tskhinvali /ˈtskɪnvali/ pn
Cchinwali
A city in Georgia

Tuareg /ˈtwɑɹ.ɛɡ/ /ˈtwɑː.ɹɛɡ/ n
Tuareg
member of the Tuareg people

Tuareg /ˈtwɑɹ.ɛɡ/ /ˈtwɑː.ɹɛɡ/ pn
tuareski
various Berber languages

Tube pn
londyńskie metro
informal: the London underground

Tucana pn
Tukan
constellation

Tuesday /ˈt(j)uzdeɪ/ /ˈt(j)uzdi/ /ˈtjuːzd(e)ɪ/ /ˈt͡ʃuːzd(e)ɪ/ /ˈt͡ʃʉːzdæe/ n
wtorek
day of the week

Tula pn
Tuła
city

Tulchyn pn
Tulczyn
city

Tungusic /tʊŋˈɡʊsɪk/ adj
tunguski
of or pertaining to these languages

Tunis /ˈtjuːnɪs/ /ˈtuːnəs/ pn
Tunis
capital of Tunisia

Tunisia /tjuːˈnɪzi.ə/ /tuˈniʒ.ə/ pn
Tunezja
Republic of Tunisia

Tunisian /tjuːˈnɪzi.ən/ /tuːˈnɪzi.ən/ /tuːˈnɪʒən/ adj
tunezyjski
pertaining to Tunisia

Tunisian /tjuːˈnɪzi.ən/ /tuːˈnɪzi.ən/ /tuːˈnɪʒən/ n
Tunezyjczyk Tunezyjka
person from Tunisia

Turin /tjʊəˈɹɪn/ /təˈɹɪn/ pn
Turyn
city
province

Turinese adj
turyński
of or relating to Turin

Turinese n
turynka turyńczyk
a person from Turin

Turk /tɜːk/ /tɝk/ n
Turek Turczynka
a person from Turkey

Turka pn
Turka
city in Sambir Raion

Turkestan /ˈtɜɹkɪˌstæn/ /ˌtɜɹkɪˈstæn/ /ˌtɜː(ɹ)kɪˈstɑːn/ pn
Turkiestan
a historical region in Asia

Turkey /ˈtɜː.ki/ /ˈtɝ.ki/ pn
Turcja
country at intersection of Europe and Asia

Turkey oak n
dąb burgundzki
Quercus cerris

Turkic adj
turkijski
of or relating to this language group or the people who speak it

Turkification n
turkizacja
Turkification

Turkish /ˈtɜː.kɪʃ/ /ˈtɝ.kɪʃ/ [ˈtɐ˞.kɪʃ] [ˈtɚ.kɪʃ] adj
turecki
of, from or pertaining to Turkey, the Turkish people or the Turkish language

Turkish /ˈtɜː.kɪʃ/ /ˈtɝ.kɪʃ/ [ˈtɐ˞.kɪʃ] [ˈtɚ.kɪʃ] pn
turecki
official language of Turkey, Republic of Cyprus and Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

Turkish coffee n
kawa po turecku
type of coffee

Turkish delight n
rachatłukum
confection

Turkism n
turcyzm
word or idiom of the Turkish language

Turkmen /ˈtɜːk.mən/ /ˈtɝk.mən/ adj
turkmeński
of or pertaining to Turkmenistan, the Turkmen people or the Turkmen language

Turkmen /ˈtɜːk.mən/ /ˈtɝk.mən/ n
Turkmen Turkmenka
person from Turkmenistan or of Turkmen descent

Turkmenistan /tɚkˈmɛn.ɪ.stæn/ /ˌtɜːkmɛn.ɪˈstɑːn/ pn
Turkmenistan
Central Asian country

Turkological adj
turkologiczny
relating to the study of Turkey

Turkologist n
turkolog
scholar specializing in the languages, history or cultures of Turkic peoples

Turkology n
turkologia
discipline studying Turkic peoples

Turks and Caicos Islands /ˈtɜː(ɹ)ks ən ˈkeɪkəs ˌaɪləndz/ pn
Turks i Caicos
a British overseas territory in the Caribbean

Turner syndrome n
zespół Turnera
disease

Tuscany /ˈtʌskəni/ pn
Toskania
region in Italy

Tutankhamun /ˌtu.tæŋˈkɑ.mən/ /ˌtu.tɑŋˈkɑ.mən/ /ˌtutn̩ˈkɑmən/ /ˌtuːtənˈkɑːmən/ pn
Tutanchamon
Egyptian pharaoh

Tuva /ˈtuːvə/ pn
Tuwa
a republic of the Russian Federation

Tuvalu /tuːˈvaːluː/ /tuːˈvɑː.luː/ /ˈtuː.və.luː/ pn
Tuvalu Tuwalu
country in Oceania

Tuvaluan /tuːˈvɑluːən/ adj
tuwalski
Of, from, or pertaining to Tuvalu, the Tuvaluan people or the Tuvaluan language

Tuvan /ˈtuːvən/ adj
tuwański
pertaining to Tuva or its people or culture

Tuvan /ˈtuːvən/ n
Tuwanka Tuwańczyk
person

Tuvan /ˈtuːvən/ pn
tuwański
language

Tuzla pn
Tuzla
a city in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Tver pn
Twer
city

Tweedle-dee pn
Dyludyludi
fictional character

Tweedle-dum pn
Dyludyludam
fictional character

Twitter /ˈtwɪt.ə(ɹ)/ [ˈtʰw̥ɪɾɚ] pn
Twitter
online social networking service

Tychonoff cube n
kostka Tichonowa
topological space

Typhon /ˈtaɪfɒn/ /ˈtaɪfən/ pn
Tyfon
monster with 100 heads

Tyr pn
Tyr
Norse god

Tyrannosaurus rex /taɪˌɹænəˈsɔːɹəs ˈɹɛks/ /təˌɹænəˈsɔːɹəs ˈɹɛks/ n
tyranozaur
dinosaur

Tyre /ˈtaɪə(ɹ)/ pn
Tyr
an ancient sea port and city state of Phoenicia

Tyrian n
Tyryjczyk Tyryjka
person from Tyre

Tyrol /taɪˈɹoʊl/ /tɪˈɹoʊl/ /ˈtaɪ.ɹoʊl/ /ˈtɪɹˌoʊl/ pn
Tyrol
state in the west of Austria

Tyrrhenian Sea pn
Morze Tyrreńskie
Part of the Mediterranean Sea

Tyrtaeus pn
Tyrtajos Tyrteusz
Ancient Greek name

Tysmenytsia pn
Tyśmienica
city

Tyumen pn
Tiumeń
a city in Russia

Tétouan pn
Tetuan
city

Tórshavn pn
Thorshavn
Capital of the Faroe Islands

Tübingen /ˈt(j)uːbɪŋən/ pn
Tybinga
city in Swabia

Třinec pn
Trzyniec
city in the Czech Republic

UAV n
bezpilotowiec bezzałogowiec bezzałogowy statek powietrzny dron
unmanned aerial vehicle

UEFA /juˈeɪfə/ pn
UEFA
Union of European Football Associations

UFO /ˈjufoʊ̯/ /ˈjuːfəʊ̯/ /ˈʌfoʊ̯/ /ˌjuˌɛfˈoʊ/ /ˌjuːɛfˈəʊ/ n
NOL UFO
an unidentified flying object

UN pn
ONZ
Initialism of United Nations

UN Security Council pn
Rada Bezpieczeństwa ONZ
international organ

UNESCO /juːˈnɛskoʊ/ pn
UNESCO
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization

UPS n
UPS
(initialism) uninterruptible power supply

US /juː.ɛs/ pn
St.Zj.
abbreviation of United States

US Virgin Islands pn
Wyspy Dziewicze Stanów Zjednoczonych
islands

USA /juː ɛs ˈeɪ/ /ˌju ˌɛs ˈeɪ/ pn
USA
United States of America

USSR /ˌju.ɛs.ɛsˈɑ(ɹ)/ pn
USRR
Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic
ZSRR
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics

UXO n
niewybuch

Udi pn
udyjski
language

Udine pn
Udine
capital
province

Udmurt adj
udmurcki
pertaining to Udmurts, Udmurtia, or the Udmurt language

Udmurt n
Udmurta Udmurtka Udmurtyjka
person

Udmurt pn
udmurcki
language

Udmurtia pn
Udmurcja
a republic of Russia

Ufa /ˈjuːfə, uːˈfɑː/ pn
Ufa
city

Uganda /(j)uˈɡændə/ /(j)uˈɡɑːndə/ pn
Uganda
Republic of Uganda

Ugandan /juˈɡændən/ /juːˈɡændən/ /jʊ-/ adj
ugandyjski
Of, from, or pertaining to Uganda, the Ugandan people or the Ugandan language

Ugandan /juˈɡændən/ /juːˈɡændən/ /jʊ-/ n
Ugandyjczyk Ugandyjka
A person from Uganda or of Ugandan descent

Ugaritic /ˌjuː.ɡəˈrɪ.tɪk/ /ˌuː.ɡəˈrɪ.tɪk/ adj
ugarycki
pertaining to the ancient city of Ugarit

Ugaritic /ˌjuː.ɡəˈrɪ.tɪk/ /ˌuː.ɡəˈrɪ.tɪk/ pn
ugarycki
language

Ugric /ˈjuːɡrɪk/ /ˈuːɡrɪk/ adj
ugryjski
of or pertaining to a group of languages

Uhniv pn
Uhnów
city

UkSSR pn
USRR
abbreviation of Ukrainian Soviet Social Republic

Ukmergė pn
Wiłkomierz
city in Lithuania

Ukraine /juˈkɹeɪn/ /juːˈkɹeɪn/ /ˈjuˌkɹeɪn/ /ˈjuːˌkɹeɪn/ [ju̟ˈkɹeɪ̯n] [ˈjuˌkɹeɪ̯n] pn
Ukraina
country in Eastern Europe

Ukrainian /juˈkɹeɪ.ni.ən/ /juːˈkɹeɪ.nɪ.ən/ /jʊ-/ adj
ukraiński
relating to Ukraine or its people

Ukrainian /juˈkɹeɪ.ni.ən/ /juːˈkɹeɪ.nɪ.ən/ /jʊ-/ n
Ukrainiec Ukrainka ukraiński
citizen of Ukraine or a person of Ukrainian ethnicity

Ukrainian /juˈkɹeɪ.ni.ən/ /juːˈkɹeɪ.nɪ.ən/ /jʊ-/ pn
ukraiński język ukraiński
East Slavic language of Ukrainians, and the official language of Ukraine

Ukrainian People's Republic pn
Ukraińska Republika Ludowa
the first state of Ukraine

Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic pn
Ukraińska Socjalistyczna Republika Radziecka
the Bolshevik state of Ukraine

Ukrainianism n
ukrainizm
a word or phrase characteristic of Ukrainians

Ukrainianness n
ukraińszczyzna
quality

Ukrainization n
ukrainizacja
the process or result of Ukrainizing

Ukrainka pn
Ukrajinka

Ukrainophobia n
ukrainofobia
the fear of Ukraine or Ukrainian

Ukrainophone n
ukraińskojęzyczny
Ukrainian-speaking

Ukrainsk pn
Ukraińsk Ukrajinśk
city

Ulaanbaatar /ˌuːlɑːn ˈbɑːtə(ɹ)/ pn
Ułan Bator
the capital of Mongolia

Ulan-Ude pn
Ułan Ude
capital of Buryatia, Russia

Ulric /ʊl.ɹɪk/ pn
Ulryk
male given name

Ulrica pn
Ulryka
female given name

Uluru /uːluˈɹuː/ /ˈuːluɹuː/ pn
Uluru
giant rock in Australia

Ulyanovsk /ʊlˈjɑːnɒfsk/ pn
Uljanowsk
city

Uman pn
Humań
city in Ukraine

Umbri n
Umbri
Italic tribe

Umbria /ˈʊmbɹiə/ /ˈʌmbɹiə/ pn
Umbria
region of Italy

Umbrian /ˈʌmbɹi.ən/ adj
umbryjski
relating to Umbria or to its inhabitants or extinct language

Umbrian /ˈʌmbɹi.ən/ n
Umbryjczyk Umbryjka
an inhabitant of Umbria

Umbrian /ˈʌmbɹi.ən/ pn
umbryjski
language

Uncle Sam /ˌəŋ-/ /ˌʌŋkl̩ ˈsæm/ /ˌʌŋkəl ˈsæm/ pn
Wuj Sam
personification of the United States federal government or citizens

Unicode /ˈjunɪˌkoʊd/ /ˈjuːnɪˌkəʊd/ pn
Unicode
series of computer encoding standards

Union of Soviet Socialist Republics pn
Związek Socjalistycznych Republik Radzieckich Związek Socjalistycznych Republik Sowieckich
a country in Eurasia

Unitarian n
unitarianin-uniwersalista
a modern follower of Unitarian Universalism

Unitarianism n
unitarianizm
the religious belief that God is a single person

United Arab Emirates /juˌnaɪtɪd ˌæɹəb ˈɛmɪɹɪts/ pn
Zjednoczone Emiraty Arabskie
country in Western Asia

United Arab Republic pn
Zjednoczona Republika Arabska
former country

United Kingdom /juːˌnaɪ.tɪd ˈkɪŋ.dəm/ /jəˌnaɪ.tɪd ˈkɪŋ.dəm/ /jʊˌnaɪ.tɪd ˈkɪŋ.dəm/ pn
Zjednoczone Królestwo
sovereign state in Europe

United Kingdom of Great Britain pn
Zjednoczone Królestwo Wielkiej Brytanii
United Kingdom of Great Britain

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland pn
Zjednoczone Królestwo Wielkiej Brytanii i Irlandii
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland /jʊˈnaɪtɪd ˈkɪŋdəm əv ˌɡɹeɪt ˈbɹɪtən ən ˌnɔː(ɹ)ðə(ɹ)n ˈaɪə(ɹ)lənd/ pn
Zjednoczone Królestwo Wielkiej Brytanii i Irlandii Północnej
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

United Mexican States /juˌnaɪtɪ̈d ˈmɛk.sɪ.kən ˈsteɪts/ /juːˌnaɪtɨd ˈmɛk.sɪ.kən ˈsteɪts/ pn
Meksykańskie Stany Zjednoczone
United Mexican States

United Nations /juˌnaɪtɪd ˈneɪʃənz/ /jʊ-/ pn
Organizacja Narodów Zjednoczonych
international coalition

United Nations Economic and Social Council pn
Rada Gospodarcza i Społeczna ONZ
one of the six principal organs of the United Nations

United Nations General Assembly pn
ZO ONZ Zgromadzenie Ogólne Organizacji Narodów Zjednoczonych
one of the six principal organs of the United Nations

United States /juˌnaɪtɪ̈d ˈsteɪts/ /juːˌnaɪtɨd ˈsteɪts/ /jʊˌnaɪtɨd ˈsteɪts/ [juˌnaɪ̯ɾɪ̈d ˈsteɪ̯ts] [jɪ̈-] pn
Stany Zjednoczone
the United States

United States Virgin Islands pn
Wyspy Dziewicze Stanów Zjednoczonych
a US overseas territory in the Caribbean

United States of America /juˌnaɪtəd ˌsteɪts əv əˈmɛɹəkə/ /juːˌnaɪtɨd ˌsteɪts əv əˈmɛɹɨkə/ pn
Stany Zjednoczone Ameryki Ameryka
a country in North America

Universiade n
uniwersjada
a sport event

Unix /ˈjuːnɪks/ n
Unix
operating system

Upper Silesia pn
Górny Śląsk
region

Upper Sorbian pn
górnołużycki
a Slavic language spoken in part of Saxony

Upper Volta pn
Górna Wolta
former name of Burkina Faso

Uppsala /ʊpˈsɑlə/ /ˈʊpsɑːlə/ pn
Uppsala
city in eastern central Sweden

Ural Mountains pn
Ural
mountains

Ural owl n
puszczyk uralski sowa uralska
Strix uralensis

Uralic /jʊəˈɹælɪk/ adj
uralski
pertaining to the Finno-Ugric and Samoyedic peoples or their languages

Urania /jʊˈɹeɪ.ni.ə/ pn
Urania
the Muse of astronomy

Uranus /juˈɹeɪnəs/ /jʊˈɹeɪnəs/ /ˈjʊɹənəs/ pn
Uran Uranos
planet
Uranos Uran
god of the sky and heavens

Urban pn
Urban
male given name

Urdu /ˈɜːˌduː/ /ˈʊəɹduː/ /ˈʊəˌduː/ pn
urdu
the Indo-Iranian language

Uriah /jʊəˈɹaɪə/ pn
Uriasz
biblical character
male given name

Urim and Thummim n
Urim i Tumim
sacred devices used for casting lots

Ursa Major /ˌɝsə ˈmeɪdʒɚ/ pn
Wielka Niedźwiedzica
large circumpolar constellation of the northern sky

Ursa Minor /ˌɝsə ˈmaɪnɚ/ pn
Mała Niedźwiedzica
a circumpolar constellation of the northern sky

Ursula /ˈɜː(ɹ).sjʊ.lə/ /ˈɜː(ɹ).ʃʊ.lə/ /ˈɝ.sə.lə/ pn
Urszula
female given name

Uruguay /ˈjʊə.ɹə.ɡwaɪ/ /ˈjʊɹ.ə.ɡwaɪ/ /ˈʊɹ.ə.ɡweɪ/ pn
Urugwaj
country

Uruguayan /uɹuˈɡwaɪən/ adj
urugwajski
of Uruguay

Uruguayan /uɹuˈɡwaɪən/ n
Urugwajczyk Urugwajka
a person from Uruguay

Usedom pn
Uznam
island

Usonian /juːˈsoʊni.ən/ adj
usański

Ussuriysk pn
Ussuryjsk
city in Russia

Ust-Luga pn
Ust-Ługa
Ust-Luga

Ustyluh pn
Uściług

Utah /ˈjuːˌtɑː/ /ˈjuːˌtɔː/ pn
Utah
a state of the United States of America

Utena pn
Uciana

Utrecht /juːˈtɹɛxt/ /ˈjuˌtɹɛkt/ /ˈjuˌtɹɛxt/ pn
Utrecht
city in the Netherlands
province of the Netherlands

Utsunomiya pn
Utsunomiya
a city of Japan

Uyghur /ˈwiːɡ(ʊ)ə/ /ˈwiːɡɚ/ adj
ujgurski
of, from, or pertaining to the Uyghur people or the Uyghur language

Uyghur /ˈwiːɡ(ʊ)ə/ /ˈwiːɡɚ/ n
Ujgur Ujgurka
member of ethnic group

Uyghur /ˈwiːɡ(ʊ)ə/ /ˈwiːɡɚ/ pn
język ujgurski ujgurski
language

Uzbek adj
uzbecki
of, from, or pertaining to Uzbekistan, its people or language

Uzbek n
Uzbeczka Uzbek Uzbekistanka Uzbekistańczyk
person

Uzbek pn
uzbecki
language

Uzbekistan /ʊzˌbɛkɪˈstɑːn/ pn
Uzbekistan
Republic of Uzbekistan

Uzbekistani n
Uzbekistanka Uzbekistańczyk
A person from Uzbekistan

Uzh pn
Uż
river

Uzhhorod pn
Użhorod Użgorod
a city in western Ukraine

Uzyn pn
Uzyn

V-neck n
serek
V-shaped neckline

VAT /væt/ /ˌviːeɪˈtiː/ n
PTU VAT
initialism for value-added tax

VFD n
OSP
US: Volunteer Fire Department

VIP /vɪp/ n
VIP
abbreviation: very important person

Vaduz /vəˈduːts/ pn
Vaduz Waduz
capital of Liechtenstein

Vakhrusheve pn
Wachruszewo
city

Valencia /vəˈlɛnsi.ə/ pn
Walencja
capital of the Valencian Community

Valentine /ˈvæləntaɪn/ n
Walenty
male given name

Valentinus pn
Walentyn
gnostic theologian

Valhalla /vælˈhælə/ /vɑlˈhɑlə/ pn
Walhalla
in Norse mythology, the home of warriors slain gloriously in battle

Valky pn
Wałky
city

Valle d'Aosta /ˌvaleɪ dɑːˈɒstə/ pn
Dolina Aosty
region of northwestern Italy

Valletta /vəˈlɛtə/ pn
Valletta
capital of Malta

Valley of the Kings pn
Dolina Królów
Egyptian valley known for its tombs

Valozhyn pn
Wołożyn

Van Diemen's Land /væn ˈdiːmənz ˌlænd/ pn
Ziemia van Diemena
former name of Tasmania

Vancouver /vænˈkuː.vɚ/ /væŋˈkuː.vɚ/ pn
Vancouver
city

Vandal n
Wandal
member of an ancient east Germanic tribe

Vandalic /vænˈdæl.ɪk/ adj
wandalski
of or pertaining to the Vandals

Vandalic /vænˈdæl.ɪk/ pn
wandalski
extinct East Germanic language

Vantaa pn
Vantaa
city in Finland

Vanuatu /væn.uːˈɑː.tuː/ /vɑ.nuˈɑ.tu/ /ˌvænuːˈaːtuː/ pn
Vanuatu
Republic of Vanuatu

Varash pn
Warasz
city in Ukraine

Varna pn
Warna
city in Bulgaria

Varsovian /vɑː(ɹ)ˈsəʊviən/ adj
warszawski
of, from or relating to Warsaw

Varsovian /vɑː(ɹ)ˈsəʊviən/ n
warszawiak warszawianka warszawianin
someone from Warsaw

Vashkivtsi pn
Waszkowce
city

Vasilievichy pn
Wasilewicze

Vasylivka pn
Wasylówka
city

Vasylkiv pn
Wasylków
city

Vatican /ˈvæ.tɪ.kən/ adj
watykański
Relating to the Vatican City state

Vatican /ˈvæ.tɪ.kən/ pn
Watykan
state

Vatican City /ˈvæ.tɪ.kən ˈsɪt.i/ pn
Watykan
State of the Vatican City

Vatican City State pn
Państwo Watykańskie
official name of Vatican City

Vaticanian n
Watykanka Watykańczyk
a person from Vatican City

Vaticanology n
watykanologia
study of Vatican politics

Vatutine pn
Watutine
city

Vawkavysk pn
Wołkowysk
city in Hrodna Oblast

Veda /ˈveɪdə/ pn
Weda
Sanskrit scriptures

Vela pn
Żagiel
constellation

Velcro /ˈvɛlkɹoʊ/ /ˈvɛlkɹəʊ/ pn
rzep
fastener

Veles pn
Weles Wołos
a pagan Slavic god

Veliky Novgorod /vəˈliː.ki ˈnɑv.ɡə.ɹɑd/ /vəˈliː.ki ˈnɒv.ɡə.ɹɒd/ /vɪˈliː.ki ˈnɔːv.ɡə.ɹət/ pn
Nowogród Wielki
city

Velyki Mosty pn
Mosty Wielkie
city

Vendémiaire /vɛnˌdɛmɪˈɛː/ /ˌvɑndəˈmjɛəɹ/ /ˌvɑ̃deɪˈmjɛəɹ/ pn
vendémiaire
the first month of the French Republican Calendar

Venetian /vəˈniʃən/ /vɪˈniːʃən/ adj
wenecki
relating to Venice

Venetian /vəˈniʃən/ /vɪˈniːʃən/ n
wenecjanin wenecjanka
inhabitant of Venice

Venetian /vəˈniʃən/ /vɪˈniːʃən/ pn
wenecki
Romance language spoken in Veneto

Venetian blind n
żaluzja
blind consisting of overlapping horizontal slats

Venezuela /ˌvɛn.əˈzweɪ.lə/ /ˌvɛn.ɛzˈweɪ.lə/ /ˌvɛn.ɪˈzweɪ.lə/ pn
Wenezuela
country

Venezuelan adj
wenezuelski
of, from, or pertaining to Venezuela or the Venezuelan people

Venezuelan n
Wenezuelczyk Wenezuelka
person from Venezuela or of Venezuelan descent

Venice /ˈvɛnɪs/ pn
Wenecja
city and province in Italy
empire

Ventspils pn
Windawa
city in Latvia

Ventôse /vɑnˈtoʊz/ /vɒ̃ˈtəʊz/ pn
ventôse
the sixth month of the French Republican Calendar

Venus /ˈvinəs/ /ˈviːnəs/ [ˈvinɪ̈s] pn
Wenus
goddess
planet

Venusian /vəˈnjuː.si.ən/ /vəˈnjuː.sjən/ /vəˈnuʃən/ /vəˈnuʒən/ adj
wenusjański
of Venus
of Venusians

Venusian /vəˈnjuː.si.ən/ /vəˈnjuː.sjən/ /vəˈnuʃən/ /vəˈnuʒən/ n
Wenusjanin Wenusjanka
inhabitant of Venus

Venusian /vəˈnjuː.si.ən/ /vəˈnjuː.sjən/ /vəˈnuʃən/ /vəˈnuʒən/ pn
wenusjański
language

Veracruz pn
Veracruz
city in Mexico

Vercingetorix /vɜː(ɹ).sɪnˈd͡ʒɛ.tə.ɹɪks/ pn
Wercyngetoryks
Gallic chieftain

Verkhivtseve pn
Werchiwcewe
city

Verkhnodniprovsk pn
Wierchniednieprowsk
city in Ukraine

Verkhovyna pn
Wierchowina
city

Vermont /vəɹˈmaʊnt/ /vəˈmɒnt/ /vɚˈmɑnt/ /ˈvɜːmɒnt/ [vɚˈmɑn(ʔ)t̚] [vɚˈmɑ̃ʔ] pn
Vermont
a state in the United States

Verona /vɪˈɹəʊnə/ pn
Werona
city straddling the river Adige in Veneto, northern Italy
province in the Veneto region of northern Italy

Veronica /vəˈɹɒnɪkə/ pn
Weronika
female given name

Versailles /vɚˈsaɪ/ /vɚˈzaɪ/ /vɛəˈsaɪ/ pn
Wersal
city in Yvelines, Île-de-France

Vespers pn
nieszpory
A Christian service held in the late afternoon or early evening

Vesuvius /vəˈsu.vi.əs/ pn
Wezuwiusz
volcano in Italy

Vetka pn
Wietka
a town in Belarus

Vicenza pn
Vicenza
city or province in Veneto, Italy

Victor /ˈvɪk.tə(ɹ)/ pn
Wiktor
male given name

Victoria /vɪkˈtɔː.ɹi.ə/ pn
Victoria
capital city of the Seychelles
Wiktoria
female given name

Victorian /vɪkˈtɔ.ɹi.ən/ /vɪkˈtɔː.ɹɪ.ən/ adj
wiktoriański
of or relating to the reign of Queen Victoria or that period
of or displaying the (supposed) ideals or standards of morality of that period
of the style of architecture or furnishings of that period

Victory Day n
Dzień Zwycięstwa
a day to commemorate victories in important battles or wars in the countries' history

Vidzeme pn
Liwonia
A region in northeastern Latvia

Vienna /vaɪˈi.nə/ /vaɪˈæ.nə/ /vaɪˈɛ.nə/ /viˈɛ.nə/ /ˈvaɪ.ə.nə/ pn
Wiedeń
capital of Austria

Vienna sausage n
frankfurterka parówka
sausage

Viennese /ˌviː.əˈniːz/ adj
wiedeński
of or relating to Vienna

Viennese /ˌviː.əˈniːz/ n
wiedeńczyk wiedenka
inhabitant or resident of Vienna

Viennese waltz n
walc wiedeński
ballroom dance

Vientiane /viˌɛntiˈɑːn/ /ˌvjɛnˈtjɑːn/ pn
Wientian
capital of Laos

Vierchniadzvinsk pn
Wierchniedźwińsk

Vietnam /(ˈ)vitˈnæm/ /(ˈ)vitˈnɑm/ /(ˈ)viːətˈnæm/ /(ˈ)viːətˈnɑːm/ /(ˈ)vjɛtˈnæm/ /(ˈ)vjɛtˈnɑm/ /(ˈ)vjɛtˈnɑːm/ /ˌvi.ətˈnæm/ /ˌvi.ətˈnɑm/ /ˌvjɛʔˈnɑːm/ pn
Wietnam
country in Southeast Asia

Vietnam War pn
Wojna wietnamska
war that occurred in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia between 1955 and 1975

Vietnamese /viˌɛt.nəˈmiːz/ /ˌviː.ət.nəˈmiːz/ adj
wietnamski
of or pertaining to Vietnam

Vietnamese /viˌɛt.nəˈmiːz/ /ˌviː.ət.nəˈmiːz/ n
Wietnamczyk Wietnamka wietnamski
Vietnamese person

Vietnamese /viˌɛt.nəˈmiːz/ /ˌviː.ət.nəˈmiːz/ pn
wietnamski język wietnamski
language

Viking /ˈvaɪkɪŋ/ n
wiking
One of the Scandinavian seafaring warriors

Vileyka pn
Wilejka

Vilnian adj
wileński
from Vilnius

Vilniansk pn
Wilnianśk
city in Ukraine

Vilnius /ˈvɪlni.əs/ /ˈvɪlnjəs/ pn
Wilno
capital of Lithuania

Vilnohirsk pn
Wilnohirśk
city

Vincent /ˈvɪnsənt/ pn
Wincenty
male given name

Vinnytsia /ˈviːnɪts(j)ə/ /ˈvɪnɪts(j)ə/ pn
Obwód winnicki
oblast
Winnica
city

Violet pn
Wioleta Wioletta
female given name

Virgil /ˈvɜːdʒɪl/ /ˈvɝdʒɪl/ pn
Wergiliusz
Roman writer

Virgin pn
Panna
Mary, mother of Jesus
constellation or star sign

Virgin Mary pn
Najświętsza Maryja Panna Dziewica Maryja Maryja Panna
Mary, mother of Jesus

Virginia /vɚˈd͡ʒɪn.jə/ pn
Wirginia
state
female given name

Virgo /ˈvɜː.ɡəʊ/ /ˈvɝ.ɡoʊ/ pn
Panna
constellation
astrological sign

Visaginas pn
Wisaginia

Visean pn
wizen
A subdivision of the Carboniferous period

Visegrád pn
Wyszehrad
town in Hungary

Vishnu /ˈvɪʃnu/ pn
Wisznu
the god

Visigoth /ˈvɪzɪɡɒθ/ n
Wizygot Wizygotka
member of an East Germanic tribe

Visigothic adj
wizygocki
of or pertaining to the Visigoths

Vistula /ˈvɪst͡ʃʊlə/ pn
Wisła
Polish river

Vistulan adj
wiślański

Vistulan n
wiślanin

Vitebsk pn
Witebsk
city

Vixen pn
Złośnik
reindeer of Santa Claus

Vladikavkaz pn
Władykaukaz
city

Vladimir /ˈvlæ.dɪ.miə(ɹ)/ pn
Włodzimierz
Russian city
Włodzimierz Władimir
male given name

Vladislav pn
Władysław Włodzisław
Slavic name

Vladivostok /ˌvlædɪˈvɑstɑk/ /ˌvlædɪˈvɒstɒk/ pn
Władywostok
seaport in Russia

Vltava /vəlˈtɑːvə/ pn
Wełtawa
a major river in the Czech Republic

Vojvodina /ˌvɔɪvəˈdiːnə/ pn
Wojwodina
autonomous province of Serbia

Volans pn
Ryba Latająca
small circumpolar constellation of the southern sky

Volapük /volaˈpyk/ /ˈvɒləˌpʊk/ pn
wolapik volapük
language

Volga /ˈvoʊlɡə/ /ˈvɑːlɡə/ /ˈvɒlɡə/ pn
Wołga
longest river in Europe, flowing to the Caspian Sea

Volgograd pn
Wołgograd
Volgograd

Volhynia pn
Wołyń
region

Volnovakha pn
Rejon wołnowaski
raion
Wołnowacha
city

Volochysk pn
Wołoczyska
city in Ukraine

Volodymyr /vələˈdiːmiə(ɹ)/ /vəˈlɒdɪmiə(ɹ)/ pn
Włodzimierz
male given name

Vologda pn
Wołogda
city in Russia

Voltaire /voʊlˈtɛɹ/ /vəʊlˈtɛə(ɹ)/ pn
Wolter
pen name of French philosopher

Volyn pn
Wołyń obwód wołyński
oblast

Vorarlberg /ˈfɔːɹˌɑː(ɹ)lbɜː(ɹ)ɡ/ pn
Przedarulania Vorarlberg
the westernmost federal state of Austria

Vormsi pn
Vormsi
fourth largest island in Estonia

Voronezh /vəˈɹɒniʒ/ pn
Woroneż
city in Russia

Vorozhba pn
Worożba
city

Vosges /voʊʒ/ pn
Wogezy
mountain range in France

Vosnesensk pn
Wozniesieńsk
city

Vovchansk pn
Wołczańsk
city

Voznesenivka pn
Wozneseniwka
city

Voznesensk pn
Wozniesieńsk
city in Ukraine

Vuhledar pn
Wuhłedar
city

Vuhlehirsk pn
Wuhłehirśk
city

Vulcan /ˈvʌlkən/ pn
Wulkan
Roman god of fire
Theoretical planet

Vulcan salute /ˌvʌlkən səˈl(j)uːt/ /ˌvʌlkən səˈlut/ n
salut wolkański
gesture of greeting among Star Trek fans

Vulgar Latin pn
łacina ludowa
the Latin language as spoken by people

Vulgate /ˈvʌlɡeɪt/ /ˈvʌlɡɪt/ pn
Wulgata
Latin Bible translation

Vulpecula /vʌlˈpɛkjələ/ pn
Lisek
autumn constellation

Vyborg /ˈvi.bɚk/ /ˈviˌbɔɹɡ/ /ˈviː.bək/ /ˈviːˌbɔːɡ/ pn
Wyborg
city in Russia

Vyksa pn
Wyksa

Vylkove pn
Wilkowo
city

Vynnyky pn
Winniki
city

Vynohradiv pn
Sewlusz Winogradów Wynohradiw
city

Vyshhorod pn
Wyszogród
city

Vyshneve pn
Wysznewe
city

Vyzhnytsia pn
Wyżnica
city

Váh pn
Wag
river in Slovakia

Vänern pn
Wener
Swedish lake

WC /ˌdʌbəlju ˈsiː/ n
WC w.c.
abbreviation for water closet

WWW /ˈdʌb ˈdʌb ˈdʌb/ /ˈdʌb.jə ˈdʌb.jə ˈdʌb.jə/ /ˈdʌb.əl.juː ˈdʌb.əl.juː ˈdʌb.əl.juː/ [dʌɥʊ̆dʌɥʊ̆dʌbˡju] pn
WWW
World Wide Web (abbreviation)

Wadden Sea pn
Morze Wattowe
Wadden Sea

Wadowice pn
Wadowice
city in Poland

Wakhan Corridor pn
Korytarz Wachański Wachan
area in northeastern Afghanistan

Waldemar pn
Waldemar
male given name

Wales /weɪlz/ [weɪɫz] pn
Walia
a constituent nation of the UK

Wallachia /wɒlˈeɪ.kiː.ə/ pn
Wołoszczyzna
region in Romania

Wallachian /wɒlˈeɪ.kiː.ən/ n
Wołoch
person from Wallachia or of Wallachian descent

Wallis and Futuna /ˈwɒlɪs ən(d) fuːˈtuːnə/ pn
Wallis i Futuna
an overseas territory of France in Oceania

Wallonia /wəˈləʊnɪə/ pn
Walonia
a region

Walloon /wəˈluːn/ adj
waloński
referring to the French-speaking people of southern Belgium
referring to the Romance language

Walloon /wəˈluːn/ n
Walonka Walończyk
an inhabitant of Wallonia

Walloon /wəˈluːn/ pn
waloński
Romance language

Walloon Brabant pn
Brabancja Walońska
province

Walpurgis night n
Noc Walpurgi
feast of witchcraft in German folklore

Walter /ˈwɑltɚ/ /ˈwɔltɚ/ /ˈwɔːltə/ pn
Walter
male given name

Wanda /ˈwɑndə/ /ˈwɒndə/ /ˈwɔndə/ pn
Wanda
female given name

Wandering Jew pn
Żyd Wieczny Tułacz
the Jewish shoemaker from the Christian legend

Waray-Waray pn
warajski
central Philippine Visayan language

Warmian adj
warmiński
of or from Warmia

Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship pn
województwo warmińsko-mazurskie
Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship

Warsaw /ˈwɔɹsɔ/ /ˈwɔːsɔː/ pn
Warszawa
capital city of Poland
metonym for Polish government

Warsaw Pact pn
Układ Warszawski
military alliance
pact

Warsaw Uprising pn
powstanie warszawskie
millitary operation

Warta /ˈvɑɹtə/ /ˈvɑːtə/ pn
Warta
river

Warwick /ˈwɑɹɪk/ /ˈwɒɹɪk/ /ˈwɔɹɪk/ pn
Warwick
county town of Warwickshire

Washington /wɔɹʃɪŋtən/ /ˈwɑʃɪŋtən/ /ˈwɒʃɪŋtən/ /ˈwɔʃɪŋtən/ pn
Waszyngton
name
US state

Washington, D.C. /ˈwɑʃɪŋtən ˈdiː ˌsiː/ pn
Waszyngton
federal capital of the United States of America

Way of the Cross n
droga krzyżowa
series of images

Wałbrzych pn
Wałbrzych
city in southwest Poland

Wednesday /ˈwenzdæe/ /ˈwɛ(ʔə)nzde/ /ˈwɛdnz-/ /ˈwɛnzdeɪ/ /ˈwɛnzdi/ n
środa
day of the week

Weimar /ˈvaɪmɑɹ/ /ˈvaɪmɑː/ /ˈwaɪmɑɹ/ pn
Weimar
city

Weimar Republic /ˈvaɪmɑː(ɹ) ɹɪˈpʌblɪk/ pn
Republika Weimarska
Germany between 1919 and 1933

Wellington /ˈwel.əŋ.tən/ /ˈwɛl.ɪŋ.tən/ [ˈwɛlɪŋtən] n
Wellington
capital of New Zealand

Wellington boots n
gumiaki gumowce kalosze
waterproof rubber boot

Welsh /wɛlʃ/ adj
walijski
of or pertaining to Wales
of or pertaining to the Welsh language

Welsh /wɛlʃ/ n
Walijczycy
collectively, people of Wales
język walijski walijski
language

Welshman /ˈwɛlʃmən/ n
Walijczyk
male native or inhabitant of Wales

Welshwoman n
Walijka
female native or inhabitant of Wales

Weltschmerz /-ˌʃmɜːts/ /ˈvɛltˌʃmɛːts/ /ˈvɛltˌʃmɝts/ n
Weltschmerz weltszmerc
apathetic or pessimistic view of life; depression concerning or discomfort ith the human condition or state of the world

Wenceslaus pn
Wacław
male given name

Wend n
Wend
member of a Slavic people from the borders of Germany and Poland

Weser pn
Wezera
river in Germany

Wessex /ˈwɛs.ɪks/ pn
Wessex
former kingdom in England

West pn
Dziki Zachód
Western states of the United States
Okcydent Zachód
Western Europe, non-Cold War concept
Western block, Western Europe
Western world

West Asia pn
Azja Zachodnia
the westernmost region of Asia

West Asian adj
zachodnioazjatycki
of, from, or pertaining to West Asia

West Asian n
Zachodni Azjata Zachodni Azjatka
a person from West Asia

West Bank pn
Zachodni Brzeg Zachodni Brzeg Jordanu Cisjordania
territory

West Berlin pn
Berlin Zachodni
western Berlin between 1949 and 1990

West Coast pn
Zachodnie Wybrzeże
the western seaboard of the contiguous United States

West Flanders pn
Flandria Zachodnia
Belgian province in Flanders

West Frisian pn
(język) zachodniofryzyjski
language spoken in Friesland
zachodniofryzyjski
the Western Frisian dialect of Dutch

West German adj
zachodnioniemiecki
from or pertaining to West Germany

West Germany pn
Niemcy Zachodnie
former European country

West Papua pn
Papua Zachodnia
province of Indonesia

West Pomeranian Voivodeship pn
województwo zachodniopomorskie
West Pomeranian Voivodeship

West Slavic pn
zachodniosłowiański
of or relating to the West Slavs

West Virginia /ˈwɛst vɚˈdʒɪn.jə/ pn
Wirginia Zachodnia
US state

Western Australia /ˈwɛstə(ɹ)n əˈstɹeɪljə/ pn
Australia Zachodnia
state of Australia

Western Bonelli's warbler n
świstunka górska
Phylloscopus bonelli

Western Europe pn
Europa Zachodnia
Western Europe

Western European adj
zachodnioeuropejski
Western European

Western Roman Empire /ˈwɛstən ˈɹəʊmən ˈɛmpaɪə/ /ˈwɛstɚn ˈɹoʊmən ˈɛmpaɪɚ/ pn
Cesarstwo Zachodniorzymskie

Western Sahara pn
Sahara Zachodnia
a territory in northern Africa

Western Samoa /ˈwestən səˈmoʊə/ /ˈwɛstɚn səˈmoʊə/ pn
Samoa Zachodnie
the former name of Samoa

Western Wall pn
Ściana Płaczu Mur Zachodni
ancient wall in Jerusalem, remnant of the Jewish Second Temple

Western concert flute n
flet poprzeczny
transverse woodwind instrument made of metal or wood

Westernism n
okcydentaliz zapadnictwo zapadniczestwo
19th century ideology

Westminster Abbey pn
Opactwo Westminsterskie
large Gothic church

Westminster Cathedral pn
Katedra Westminsterska
chuerch

Westphalian /wɛstˈfeɪljən/ adj
westfalski
pertaining to Westphalia or its people and culure

Wheel of Fortune pn
Koło Fortuny
television game show

Whirling Dervish n
Wirujący Derwisze
ascetic order

White House pn
Biały Dom
(idiomatic) the US presidency
the official residence of the President of the United States of America

White Sea pn
Morze Białe
a sea to the northwest of Russia

White's thrush n
drozdoń tajgowy
White's thrush

Whitsunday /wɪtˈsʌndeɪ/ /wɪtˈsʌndi/ /ʍ-/ /ˈʍɪtsəndeɪ/ /ˈʍɪtsəndɪ/ n
Zesłanie Ducha Świętego Pięćdziesiątnica Zielone Świątki Zielone Święta
the Sunday of the feast of Pentecost

Wi-Fi /ˈwaɪ.faɪ/ n
bezprzewodowe połączenie internetowe wi-fi
computing: wireless data communication standard

Wiccan /ˈwɪkən/ adj
wikkański
of or pertaining to Wicca

WikiProject n
wikiprojekt
collection of pages

Wikipedia /ˌwɪkiˈpiːdi.ə/ /ˌwɪkəˈpiːdi.ə/ /ˌwɪkɪˈpiːdɪə/ pn
Wikipedia
online encyclopedia

Wikipedian /wɪ.kɪˈpiː.dɪ.ən/ adj
wikipedystyczny
of or relating to Wikipedia

Wikipedian /wɪ.kɪˈpiː.dɪ.ən/ n
wikipedysta wikipedystka
a person who uses, edits, or contributes to Wikipedia

Wiktionarian n
wikisłownikarka wikisłownikarz
a person who contributes to Wiktionary

Wiktionary /ˈwɪkt͡ʃəˌnɛ(ə)ɹi/ /ˈwɪkʃən(ə)ɹi/ /ˈwɪkʃəˌnɛ(ə)ɹi/ /ˈwɪkʃəˌnɛɹi/ /ˈʋɪk.ʃə.nɛ.ri/ /ˈʋɪkʃ.nə.ri/ [ˈwikʃ.nə.ɾi] pn
Wikisłownik
the collaborative project; a particular version of this project written in a certain language

Wilamowice pn
Wilamowice
city in Poland

Wild Hunt n
Dziki Łów
folk myth

Wild West pn
Dziki Zachód
western United States during the 19th-century era of settlement

Wilhelmina /ˌwɪl.(h)ɛl.ˈmiːn.ə/ /ˌwɪl.ə.ˈmiːn.ə/ pn
Wilhelmina
female form of William

William /ˈwɪl.i.əm/ /ˈwɪl.jəm/ pn
Wilhelm
male given name

Wiltshire /ˈwɪlt.ʃə(ɹ)/ pn
Wiltshire
inland county in England

Windhoek /ˈvɪndhʊk/ /ˈwɪndhʊk/ pn
Windhuk
capital of Namibia

Windows pn
Windows
Microsoft Windows

Winnie the Pooh pn
Kubuś Puchatek
the fictional bear

Wisconsin /wəsˈkɑnsən/ /wəˈskɑnsən/ /wɪnˈskɑnsən/ /wɪsˈkɑnsɪn/ [wəsˈkʰɑn.sn̩] [wəˈskɑn.sn̩] pn
Wisconsin
state of the United States of America

Wisdom of Solomon pn
Księga Mądrości
book

Wonder Woman /ˈwʌndə ˈwʊmən/ /ˈwʌndɚ ˈwʊmən/ pn
Wonder Woman
DC Comics character

Worcestershire sauce /ˈwɝʃtəʃɚ ˈsɑs/ /ˈwɝʃtəʃɚ ˈsɔs/ /ˈwɪs.tɚ.ʃaɪɚ ˈsɑs/ /ˈwɪs.tɚ.ʃaɪɚ ˈsɔs/ /ˈwɪs.tɚ.ʃɪɹ ˈsɑs/ /ˈwɪs.tɚ.ʃɪɹ ˈsɔs/ /ˈwʊs.tɚ.ʃaɪɚ ˈsɑs/ /ˈwʊs.tɚ.ʃaɪɚ ˈsɔs/ /ˈwʊs.tɚ.ʃɚ ˈsɑs/ /ˈwʊs.tɚ.ʃɚ ˈsɔs/ /ˈwʊs.tɚ.ʃɪɹ ˈsɑs/ /ˈwʊs.tɚ.ʃɪɹ ˈsɔs/ /ˈwʊstə(ɹ)ʃə(ɹ) ˈsɔːs/ n
sos Worcestershire
English condiment

Word of God pn
Słowo Boże
sacred teaching, writing or book viewed as the work of God

Wordian pn
word
A subdivision of the Permian period.

World Exposition n
wystawa światowa
a regular international exposition

World Health Assembly pn
Światowe Zgromadzenie Zdrowia
WHO governance body

World Health Organization pn
Światowa Organizacja Zdrowia
UN public health agency

World Trade Organization pn
Światowa Organizacja Handlu
World Trade Organization

World War I pn
I wojna światowa pierwsza wojna światowa
war

World War II /wɜː(ɹ)ld wɔː(ɹ) tuː/ [wɜːɫd wɔː tuː] [wɝɫd wɔɚ̯ tu] pn
druga wojna światowa II wojna światowa
war from 1939 to 1945

World Wide Web /ˈwɜːld ˌwaɪd ˈwɛb/ /ˈwɝld ˌwaɪd ˈwɛb/ pn
World Wide Web ogólnoświatowa sieć
all of the web pages on the Internet that hyperlink to each other and to other kinds of media

Worms /vɔɹmz/ /vɔːmz/ pn
Wormacja
a city in Germany

Wroclaw /ˈvɹɒtslɑːf/ /ˈvɹɒtslɑːv/ /ˈvɹɒtswɑːf/ /ˈvɹɔts.lɑf/ /ˈvɹɔts.lɑv/ /ˈvɹɔts.wɑf/ pn
Wrocław
a city in southwestern Poland

Wuchiapingian pn
wucziaping
A subdivision of the Permian period.

Wuhan /-ˈhæn/ /uːˈhɑːn/ /ˈwuːˈhɑːn/ pn
Wuhan
sub-provincial city in central China

Wunderkammer /ˈvʊndəˌkamə/ /ˈvʊndɚˌkɑmɚ/ n
gabinet osobliwości kunstkamera
a cabinet of scientific curiosities in the late Renaissance

Wymysorys pn
wilamowicki wilamowski
A West Germanic language spoken in the Polish town of Wilamowice.

Wyoming /waɪˈoʊmɪŋ/ pn
Wyoming
US state

X-ray /ˈɛks ɹeɪ/ /ˈɛks ˌɹeɪ/ n
prześwietlenie
photograph made with X-rays

X-ray /ˈɛks ɹeɪ/ /ˈɛks ˌɹeɪ/ v
prześwietlać prześwietlić
to take a radiograph of

XML pn
XML
extensible markup language

Xanthi pn
Ksanti
city in Greece

Xanthippe /zænˈθɪpi/ n
ksantypa
ill-tempered woman

Xavier /hɑviˈɛɹ/ /ɪɡˈzeɪ.vi.ɚ/ /ɪɡˈzeɪ.vjɚ/ /ɪɡˈzeɪ.vɪə/ /ˈhɑvi.ɛɹ/ /ˈzeɪ.vi.ɚ/ /ˈzeɪ.vjɚ/ /ˈzeɪ.vɪə/ /ˈzæv.ɪə/ pn
Ksawery
male given name

Xbox /ˈɛks bɒks/ n
Xbox
video game console manufactured and distributed by Microsoft

Xenia /ˈziːniə/ pn
Ksenia
female given name

Xenophanes /zɛˈnɒfəniːz/ pn
Ksenofanes
a Greek philosopher and a poet

Xenophon pn
Ksenofont
historian and philosopher

Xerxes /ˈzɜːk.siːz/ /ˈzɝksiːz/ pn
Kserkses
Xerxes I of Persia
Xerxes II of Persia
given name

Xhosa /ˈkoʊ.sə/ /ˈkɔ.sə/ /ˈkɔː.sə/ /ˈkəʊ.sə/ n
xhosa
Xhosa language

Xi'an /ˈʃiˈæn/ /ˈʃiːˈɑːn/ pn
Xi'an
a city of China

Xinjiang /ˈʃin-/ /ˈʃɪnˈd͡ʒjɑŋ/ pn
Sinkiang
Uyghur autonomous region of China

YHWH pn
Jahwe
יהוה (tetragrammaton)

YIVO pn
JIWO YIVO
Acronym of organization

YOLO /ˈjoʊ.loʊ/ /ˈjəʊ.ləʊ/ phraseologicalUnit
Raz kozie śmierć! Raz się żyje!
you only live once

Yagi-Uda antenna n
antena Yagi antena Yagi-Uda
type of directional antenna

Yahotyn pn
Jagodzin

Yahweh /ˈjɑː(h)weɪ/ pn
Jahwe
personal name of God

Yakut /jəˈkuːt/ /jəˈkʊt/ pn
jakucki
language

Yakutia /jəˈkuːtɪə/ /jəˈkuːʃ(i)ə/ pn
Jakucja
region in North Asia

Yakutsk pn
Jakuck
city in Russia

Yalda pn
Noc Yalda

Yalta /ˈjɑːl.tə/ pn
Jałta
city in Crimea

Yamal pn
Jamał
a large peninsula in the Russian North

Yamam pn
Jamam

Yampil pn
Jampol
city

Yandex /ˈjæn.dɛks/ pn
Yandex
Yandex (in other scripts, the trademark may also be written in Roman letters)

Yangon /jæŋˈɡɒn/ /jæŋˈɡəʊn/ /jɑŋˈɡoʊn/ /jɑŋˈɡɑn/ pn
Rangun
largest city in Myanmar

Yangtze /ˈjæŋtsi/ /ˈjæŋzi/ /ˈjɑŋtsə/ /ˈjɑŋzi/ pn
Jangcy
3rd longest river in the world

Yankee /ˈjæŋ.ki/ n
Jankes Jankeska
native or inhabitant of the Northern USA
jankes jankeska
native or inhabitant of the USA

Yanukovych pn
Janukowicz
Ukrainian surname

Yaoundé /jɑːˈuːndeɪ/ /jɑːˈʊndeɪ/ /ˌjɑːʊnˈdeɪ/ pn
Jaunde
capital of Cameroon

Yap pn
Yap
an island in the Caroline Islands of western Micronesia

Yaremche pn
Jaremcza Jaremcze

Yarilo pn
Jaruna Jaryła Jaryło
Slavic god of vegetation and spring

Yarmouk pn
Jarmuk
a river in the Middle East

Yaroslav pn
Jarosław
Slavic name

Yaroslavl pn
Jarosław
city

Yarovit pn
Jarowit
god of war

Yasynuvata pn
Jasynuwata

Yavoriv pn
Jaworów
city

Yazidi n
jezyd Jezyd Jezydka jezydka
member of a Kurdish-speaking people of northern Iraq, whose religion is Yazidism

Yazidism pn
jazydyzm jezydyzm
religion

Yekaterinburg /jɛkətərɪnˈbɜːrɡ/ pn
Jekaterynburg
city in Russia

Yellow River pn
Rzeka Żółta
Main river of the North China Plain

Yellow Sea pn
Morze Żółte
Asian sea

Yeltsin /ˈjɛltsɪn/ pn
Jelcyn
Russian surname

Yeltsinian adj
jelcynowski

Yemen /ˈjɛ.mən/ /ˈjɪ.mən/ pn
Jemen
Republic of Yemen

Yemeni adj
jemeński
of, from, or pertaining to Yemen, or the Yemeni people

Yemeni n
Jemenka Jemeńczyk
a person from Yemen or of Yemeni descent

Yenakiyeve pn
Jenakijewe
city

Yenisei /ˌjɛnəˈseɪ/ pn
Jenisej
river in Russia

Yerevan /jɛɾɛˈvɑn/ /ˌjeɹəˈvæːn/ /ˌjeɹəˈvɑːn/ pn
Erywań
the capital and largest city of Armenia

Yevpatoria pn
Eupatoria
resort city

Yiddish /ˈjɪd.ɪʃ/ adj
jidysz
of or pertaining to the Yiddish language

Yiddish /ˈjɪd.ɪʃ/ pn
jidysz
language

Yiddishist n
jidyszysta jidyszystka
Yiddishist (noun)

Yiddishland pn
Jidyszland
area where Yiddish was spoken

Yoda /ˈjəʊdə/ pn
Yoda
A wise old Jedi Master in the Star Wars films

Yokohama pn
Jokohama
a city of Japan

Yolanda pn
Jolanta
female given name

Yom Kippur /ˌjoʊm kɪˈpʊɹ/ /ˌjoʊm ˈkɪpɚ/ /ˌjoʊm-/ /ˌjɑm kɪˈpʊɹ/ /ˌjɑm ˈkɪpɚ/ /ˌjɒm kɪˈpʊə/ /ˌjɒm ˈkɪpə/ /ˌjɔm kɪˈpʊɹ/ /ˌjɔm ˈkɪpɚ/ /ˌjəʊm kɪˈpʊə/ /ˌjəʊm ˈkɪpə/ pn
Dzień Pojednania Dzień Przebłagania Jom Kippur Sądny Dzień
Day of Atonement

Yorkshire pudding n
Yorkshire pudding
dish made from batter baked in fat

Yoruba /ˈjɒɹʊbə/ /ˈjɔːɹəbə/ pn
joruba
a sub-Saharan language

Yoshkar-Ola /jɒʃˈkɑː(ɹ) oʊˈlɑː/ pn
Joszkar-Oła
capital of Mari El, Russia

YouTube /ˈjutub/ /ˈjuːtjuːb/ /ˈjuːtʃuːb/ /ˈjʉːtʃʉːb/ pn
YouTube
a video-sharing website

YouTuber /ˈjuːˌtjuːbə(ɹ)/ /ˈjuːˌtuːbə(ɹ)/ n
youtuber youtuberka
YouTube video creator

YouTubular adj
youtubowy
of, pertaining to, or characteristic of YouTube

Young Poland pn
Młoda Polska
modernist movement in Poland

Young's modulus n
moduł Younga
coefficient of elasticity of a solid

Your Honour pronoun
Wysoki Sądzie
title used to address a judge or magistrate

Your Majesty pn
Wasza Wysokość
term of address

Ypresian /iːˈpɹɛz.i.ən/ pn
Ipres
subdivision of the Eocene epoch

Yucatán pn
Jukatan
a state in Mexico
Półwysep Jukatan
a peninsula in North America

Yugoslavia /juːɡəˈslɑːvi.ə/ pn
Jugosławia
former country in the Balkans

Yugoslavian adj
jugosłowiański
of or relating to Yugoslavia

Yugoslavian n
Jugosłowianin Jugosłowianka
a native of Yugoslavia

Yukon /ˈjuː.kɒn/ pn
Jukon
territory in northern Canada which has Whitehorse as its capital

Yule /juːl/ pn
Jul
the Christmas season

Yup'ik /ˈjuːpɪk/ pn
język yupik środkowy
a language of the Eskimo-Aleut family

Yuri pn
Jurij
Male given name originating from Russian

Yuzhne pn
Jużne
city

Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk pn
Jużnosachalińsk
city in Russia

Yuzhnoukrainsk pn
Jużnoukrajinśk
city

Yvonne /iːˈvɒn/ /ɪˈvɒn/ pn
Iwona
female given name

Zachary /ˈzækəɹi/ pn
Zachariasz
male given name

Zagreb /ˈzɑːɡɹɛb/ pn
Zagrzeb
capital of Croatia

Zagrebian /zɑˈɡɹɛbiən/ adj
zagrzebski

Zagrebian /zɑˈɡɹɛbiən/ n
zagrzebianin zagrzebianka

Zakarpattia pn
Zakarpacie
oblast

Zakynthos /ˈzakɪnθɒs/ /ˈzɑkɪnθɔs/ pn
Zakintos
Greek island, the third largest of the Ionian Islands

Zalishchyky pn
Zaleszczyk Zaleszczyki
city

Zalizne pn
Zalizne Żelazne
city

Zambia /ˈzæmbiə/ pn
Zambia
country in Southern Africa

Zambian adj
zambijski
Of or pertaining to Zambia or its people or language

Zambian n
Zambijczyk Zambijka
A person from Zambia or of Zambian descent

Zanclean pn
zankl
earliest age of the Pliocene epoch

Zanzibar /ˈzænzɪbɑː(ɹ)/ pn
Zanzibar
island region

Zaporizhia /ˌzæpəˈɹiːʒə/ /ˌzɑːpəˈɹiːʒi.ə/ /ˌzɑːpəˈɹiːʒə/ pn
Obwód zaporoski
oblast
Zaporoże
city

Zaporizhian adj
zaporoski

Zaporizhian n
zaporożanin zaporożanka

Zapotec adj
zapotecki
of or relating to the Zapotec people
of or relating to their language

Zaragoza pn
Saragossa
city in Spain

Zarasai pn
Jeziorosy

Zastavna pn
Zastawna
city

Zavodske pn
Zawodskie Zawodśke
city

Zbarazh pn
Zbaraż
city

Zboriv pn
Zborów
city

Zdolbuniv pn
Zdołbunów
city

Zealand pn
Zelandia
Danish island

Zebedee /ˈzɛbɪdiː/ pn
Zebedeusz
biblical character

Zebulun /zəˈbju.lən/ /zəˈbjuː.lən/ /ˈzɛ.bjəˌlən/ /ˈzɛ.bjʊˌlən/ pn
Zabulon
male given name
ninth son of Jacob
one of the Israelite tribes

Zechariah /ˌzɛkəˈɹaɪə/ pn
Księga Zachariasza Zachariasz
book of the Bible
Zachariasz
king of Israel
Hebrew prophet traditionally considered the author of the Book of Zechariah
father of John the Baptist

Zeeland pn
Zelandia
province

Zeelandic pn
dialekt zelandzki
language

Zelenodolsk pn
Zełenodolśk
city

Zelenskyy /zɪˈlɛnski/ pn
Zełenska Zełenski Zieleńska Zieleński Zielońska Zieloński
surname

Zemfira [zɛɱˈfiɹə] [zɪɱˈfiɹə] pn
Zemfira
transliteration of }}

Zeno /ˈziːnoʊ/ pn
Zenon
Greek name

Zephaniah /zɛfəˈnaɪə/ pn
Księga Sofoniasza
book of the Bible

Zephyr pn
Zefir
Greek god

Zephyrus /ˈzɛfɪɹəs/ pn
Zefir
The Ancient Greek god of the west wind

Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory n
teoria mnogości Zermelo-Fraenkel

Zermelo-Fraenkelian adj
dotyczący Zermelo-Fraenkelian

Zeus /z(j)uːs/ /zus/ pn
Zeus
supreme ruler of all Greek gods

Zhabinka pn
Żabinka
A city in Belarus

Zhashkiv pn
Żaszków
city

Zhdanivka pn
Żdaniwka Żdanówka
city

Zheleznogorsk pn
Żeleznogorsk
town

Zhmerynka pn
Żmerynka
city

Zhovkva pn
Żółkiew
city

Zhovti Vody pn
Żółte Wody
city

Zhukov pn
Żukow
Russian surname

Zhydachiv pn
Żydaczów
city

Zhytomyr /-ˈtoʊm-/ /ʒɪˈtɔmɪɹ/ pn
Obwód żytomierski
oblast
Żytomierz
city

Zielona Góra pn
Zielona Góra
city

Zimbabwe /zɪmˈbɑːbweɪ/ pn
Zimbabwe
Republic of Zimbabwe

Zimbabwean adj
zimbabwejski zimbabweński
Of, from, or pertaining to Zimbabwe or the Zimbabwean people

Zinkiv pn
Zieńków Zinków
city

Zion /ˈzaɪ.ən/ /ˈzaɪˌɒn/ pn
Syjon
hill ("mount") in Israel

Zionism n
syjonizm
Jewish nationalist movement

Zionist adj
syjonistyczny
of or relating to Zionism, a Zionist, or Zionists

Zittau pn
Żytawa
city

Zmiiv pn
Zmijiw
city

Znamianka pn
Znamjanka
city

Zocchihedron n
kość z 100 ścianami

Zolochiv pn
Złoczów
city

Zolote pn
Złote
city

Zolotonosha pn
Złotonosza
city

Zoroaster /ˈzɒɹoʊˌæstəɹ/ /ˌzɒɹoʊˈæstəɹ/ pn
Zoroaster Zaratustra Zaratusztra
founder of Zoroastrianism

Zoroastrian /ˌzoʊɹ.oʊˈæs.tɹi.ən/ /ˌzɒɹəʊˈæstɹɪən/ /ˌzɔɹ.oʊˈæs.tɹi.ən/ adj
zoroastrycki zoroastryjski
relating to or characteristic of Zoroastrianism

Zoroastrianism /ˌzoʊɹ.oʊˈæs.tɹi.əˌnɪz.əm/ /ˌzɒɹəʊˈæstɹɪəˌnɪzəm/ /ˌzɔɹ.oʊˈæs.tɹi.əˌnɪz.əm/ pn
zaratusztrianizm zaratustrianizm zaratustryzm zoroastrianizm zoroastryzm
religion and philosophy ascribed to Zoroaster

Zorynsk pn
Zorynśk
city

Zouave /zuˈɑv/ /zuːˈɑːv/ /zwɑv/ /zwɑːv/ n
żuaw
a Kabyle or French soldier in Kabyle dress

Zucker pn
Cukier

Zuckerman pn
Cukierman

Zuhres pn
Zuhres
city

Zulu /ˈzuːluː/ adj
Zulus
pertaining to the Zulu people, culture, or language

Zulu /ˈzuːluː/ pn
zulu
language

Zurich /-ɪx/ /zʊɹ.ɪk/ /ˈzjʊə.ɹɪk/ /ˈzɜɹ.ɪk/ pn
Zurych
canton
city

Zvenyhorodka pn
Zwinogródka
city

Zviahel pn
Zwiahel
city

Zwickau /ˈtsvɪkaʊ/ pn
Ćwików
city in Germany

Zymohiria pn
Zymohirja
city

Zytkow pn
Żytkow
Polish surname

a /eɪ/ /æ/ /ɑː/ /ˈeɪ/ /ˈæɪ/ n
a
name of the letter A, a

a bad penny always turns up proverb
diabeł nie śpi licho nie śpi złe nie śpi
unwanted person or thing reappears

a bad workman always blames his tools proverb
złej baletnicy przeszkadza rąbek spódnicy
not the tools but how they're employed

a bird in the hand is worth two in the bush proverb
lepszy wróbel w garści niż gołąb na dachu lepszy wróbel w ręku niż cietrzew na sęku lepszy wróbel w ręku niż sokół na sęku
small but certain advantage is preferable

a blessing and a curse n
miecz obosieczny
both a blessing and a burden

a burnt child dreads the fire proverb
kto raz się sparzył, ten na zimne dmucha
a person harmed by something becomes more cautious about it

a cappella /ˌæ.kæˈpɛl.ə/ /ˌæ.kəˈpɛl.ə/ /ˌɑ kəˈpɛl.ə/ adv
a cappella
performed by a choir with no instrumental accompaniment

a closed mouth catches no flies proverb
mowa jest srebrem, a milczenie złotem
It's best not to talk too much

a day after the fair /ə ˈdeɪ ˌæftɚ ðə ˈfɛɚ/ /ə ˈdeɪ ˌɑːftə ðə ˈfɛə/ adv
po herbacie po ptokach po zawodach

a day late and a dollar short adv
rychło w czas
adverbial use of the adjectival form

a drowning man will clutch at a straw proverb
tonący brzytwy się chwyta

a few determiner
kilka kilku niewiele niewielu
a small number of

a few pronoun
kilka
a small number of things

a friend in need is a friend indeed /ə ˌfɹɛnd ən ˈnid ɪz ə ˌfɹɛnd ɪnˈdid/ /ə ˌfɹɛnd ɪn ˈniːd ɪz ə ˌfɹɛnd ɪnˈdiːd/ proverb
prawdziwych przyjaciół poznaje się w biedzie
if a friend helps you when you are in need, they are a true friend

a hit dog will holler proverb
uderz w stół, a nożyce się odezwą

a journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step proverb
podróż tysiąca mil zaczyna się od jednego kroku
a journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step

a la /æ læ/ /ɑ lɑ/ preposition
a la à la
in the style or manner of

a leopard cannot change its spots proverb
natura ciągnie wilka do lasu
one cannot change one's own nature

a lie has no legs proverb
kłamstwo ma krótkie nogi
you can't get away with a lie

a little adv
trochę mało
to a small extent or degree

a little bird told me /ə ˌlɪt(ə)l bɜɹd ˈtoʊld mi/ /ə ˌlɪtl̩ bɜːd ˈtəʊld miː/ [-ˌlɪɾ(ə)l-] phraseologicalUnit
ptaszki o tym ćwierkają
I received the information from a source which I am not prepared to disclose

a lot /əˈ lɑt/ /əˈ lɒt/ adv
często
often
dużo wiele mnóstwo
very much

a lot /əˈ lɑt/ /əˈ lɒt/ pronoun
dużo wiele
a large amount

a man's home is his castle proverb
pan na zagrodzie równy wojewodzie
proverbial expression of personal privacy and security

a new broom sweeps clean proverb
nowy szef, nowe porządki
new management will often make radical changes

a picture is worth a thousand words proverb
jeden obraz jest wart więcej niż tysiąc słów
visualisation is better than verbal description

a posteriori adj
a posteriori
involving deduction of theories from facts

a posteriori adv
a posteriori
in a manner that deduces theories from facts

a priori /ˌeɪ pɹaɪˈɔːɹaɪ/ /ˌeɪ pɹaɪˈɔːɹi/ /ˌɑː pɹiˈɔːɹi/ adj
a priori aprioryczny apriorystyczny
(logic) based on hypothesis rather than experiment.

a priori /ˌeɪ pɹaɪˈɔːɹaɪ/ /ˌeɪ pɹaɪˈɔːɹi/ /ˌɑː pɹiˈɔːɹi/ adv
a priori apriorycznie
derived by logic

a rising tide lifts all boats proverb
przypływ podnosi wszystkie łodzie
A truly good outcome benefits all

a sorrow shared is a sorrow halved proverb
łatwiej jest dzielić się żalem

a stitch in time saves nine proverb
lepiej zapobiegać niż leczyć
a timely effort can prevent larger problems

a stopped clock is right twice a day proverb
trafiło się ślepej kurze ziarno
something or someone unreliable is right sometimes, even by accident

a thing or two phraseologicalUnit
coś niecoś
considerable amount

a watched pot never boils proverb
czekającemu czas się dłuży
a process appears to go more slowly if one waits for it

a woman without a man is like a fish without a bicycle /ə ˈwʊmən wɪðˌaʊt ə ˈmæn ɪz laɪk ə ˈfɪʃ wɪðˌaʊt ə ˈbaɪsɪkl̩/ /ə ˈwʊmən wɪðˌaʊt ə ˈmæn ɪz laɪk ə ˈfɪʃ wɪðˌaʊt ə ˈbaɪˌsɪkəl/ phraseologicalUnit
kobieta tak potrzebuje mężczyzny, jak ryba potrzebuje roweru
a woman is capable of living a complete and independent life

a- /a/ /eɪ/ /ə/ prefix
a-
not, without, opposite of

a.m. adv
przed południem
before noon

aah interjection
ach
expressing amazement or surprise

aah n
ach
expression of amazement or surprise or enthusiasm

aardvark /ˈɑɹd.vɑɹk/ /ˈɑːd.vɑːk/ n
mrównik prosię ziemne
mammal

aardwolf /ˈɑɹd.ˌwʊlf/ /ˈɑːdˌwʊlf/ n
protel
the mammal Proteles cristatus

ab /æb/ n
mięsień prosty brzucha
abdominal muscle

ab intra /ˌæb ˈɪn.tɹə/ adv
ab intra

aba /əˈbɑ/ /əˈbɑː/ n
abaja
loose-fitting sleeveless garment, made from aba or silk

abaca /ˈæb.əˌkɑ/ /ˈæb.əˌkɑː/ /ˈæb.əˌkə/ n
banan manilski
plant

abacavir /əˈbak.əˌvɪə/ /əˈbæk.əˌvɪɹ/ n
abakawir

abacist /ə.ˈbæ.kəst/ /əˈbɑ.kəst/ /ˈæb.ə.kəst/ /ˈæb.ə.səst/ /ˈæb.ə.sɪst/ n
abacysta
One who uses an abacus.

aback /əˈbæk/ adv
bieg wsteczny
said of sails pressed backward
do tyłu wstecz
backwards
z tyłu
in the rear

abactor /æˈbæk.tɚ/ /ˈæˌbæk.tɚ/ n
złodziej bydła
one who steals and drives away cattle or beasts by herds

abacus /ˈæbə.kəs/ n
abakus liczydło
uppermost portion of the capital of a column
abakus liczydło abak
device for performing arithmetical calculations
liczydło abakus abak
(obsolete) table or tray scattered with sand for calculating or drawing

abalone /æb.əˈloʊ.ni/ /æb.əˈləʊ.ni/ /ˈæb.əˌloʊ.ni/ n
słuchotka ucho morskie
edible univalve mollusc

abamectin n
abamektyna
insecticide

abandon /əˈbæn.dən/ v
opuszczać opuścić
to leave behind or desert; to forsake
porzucić porzucać
to give up control of, surrender
wyganiać wygonić
to cast out, expel, reject
wyrzec się wyrzekać się
to no longer exercise a right, relinquish a claim to property

abandon hope all ye who enter here phraseologicalUnit
porzućcie wszelką nadzieję, wy, którzy wchodzicie
supposed inscription at the gate of hell

abandon ship v
dezertować
to leave a person or organization when things become difficult

abandoned /əˈbæn.dn̩d/ adj
opuszczony
no longer maintained, forsaken, deserted

abandonment /əˈbæn.dn̩.mn̩t/ n
abandon
act of abandoning

abandonware n
abandonware
software which has been abandoned by its developer

abash /əˈbæʃ/ v
speszyć zawstydzać
to make ashamed, to embarrass

abashed /əˈbæʃt/ adj
speszony zawstydzony zmieszany
embarrassed

abashment /əˈbæʃ.mənt/ n
zakłopotanie zmieszanie
the state of being abashed; confusion from shame

abasia /ə.ˈbeɪ.zi.ə/ /ə.ˈbeɪ.ʒi.ə/ /ə.ˈbeɪ.ʒə/ n
abazja
incapacity to walk

abatacept n
abatacept
medicine

abatis /ˈæbətiː/ /ˈæbətiːz/ /ˈæbətəs/ n
zasiek
means of defense

abaton n
abaton
enclosure in the temple of Asclepios where patients slept

abattoir /ˈæb.əˌtwɑ/ /ˈæb.əˌtwɑɹ/ /ˈæb.əˌtwɑː(ɹ)/ n
jatka rzeźnia
a place likened to be a slaughterhouse
rzeźnia ubojnia
public slaughterhouse

abaxial /æbˈæk.si.əl/ /ˌæˈbæk.si.əl/ adj
odosiowy
botany, zoology: of a side away from central line

abaxially adv
odosiowo
in an abaxial manner

abaya /əˈbeɪ.jə/ n
abaja
coarse, often striped, felted fabric from the Middle East, woven from goat or camel hair

abbacy /ˈæb.ə.si/ n
opactwo
dignity, estate, or jurisdiction of an abbot

abbatial /əˈbeɪ.ʃl̩/ /ˈæˌbeɪ.ʃl̩/ adj
opacki
belonging to an abbey

abbess /ˈæb.ɛs/ /ˈæb.ɪs/ n
opatka przeorysza ksieni
female superior of a nunnery

abbey /ˈæb.i/ n
opactwo
monastery headed by an abbot
church of a monastery

abbot /ˈæb.ət/ n
opat
superior or head of an abbey or monastery

abbreviate /ə.ˈbɹiː.vi.eɪt/ /əˈbɹi.vi.eɪt/ v
skracać skrócić
to make shorter

abbreviated /əˈbɹi.viˌeɪ.tɪd/ /əˈbɹiːvieɪtɪd/ adj
skrócony
shortened

abbreviation /əˌbɹi.viˈeɪ.ʃn̩/ /əˌbɹiː.viˈeɪ.ʃən/ n
abrewiatura
music: one or more dashes through the stem of a note
redukcja skracanie
mathematics: reduction to lower terms
skrócenie skrót
act or result of shortening or reducing
skrót skrótowiec
shortened or contracted form of a word or phrase

abbreviator /-ɛɪ.tɚ/ /əˈbɹi.viˌeɪ.tɚ/ /əˈbɹiː.viˌeɪ.tɚ/ n
abrewiator
one who abbreviates

abciximab /æbˈsɪk.sɪˌmæb/ n
abciksimab
antiplatelet drug

abdicate /ˈæb.dɪˌkeɪt/ v
abdykować
to surrender or relinquish as sovereign power; to withdraw from filling or exercising
to renounce a throne or other high office

abdication /ˌæb.dəˈkeɪ.ʃən/ n
abdykacja
the act of abdicating; the renunciation of a high office, dignity, or trust, by its holder

abdicational adj
abdykacyjny

abdomen /æbˈdoʊ.mən/ /æbˈdəʊ.mən/ /ˈæb.də.mən/ n
abdomen odwłok
posterior section of an arthropod's body
brzuch abdomen
belly

abdominal /æbˈdɑm.ə.nl̩/ /æbˈdɒm.ə.nl̩/ /əbˈdɑm.ə.nl̩/ /əbˈdɒm.ə.nl̩/ adj
brzuszny abdominalny odwłokowy
of or pertaining to the abdomen

abdominal cavity n
jama brzuszna
hollow portion of the torso, containing abdominal organs

abdominally /æbˈdɑm.ɪ.nə.li/ adv
brzusznie
in the area of the abdomen

abdominoplasty /æbˈdɑm.ɪ.noʊˌplæs.ti/ n
abdominoplastyka
surgery

abduct /æbˈdʌkt/ /əbˈdʌkt/ v
uprowadzać uprowadzić
to take away

abduction /æbˈdək.ʃn̩/ /æbˈdʌk.ʃn̩/ /əbˈdək.ʃn̩/ /əbˈdʌk.ʃn̩/ /ˈeɪ.ˈbiː.dʌk.ʃn̩/ n
abdukcja
physiology: movement separating limb from axis
logic: type of syllogism
porwanie uprowadzenie
leading away, carrying away

abductional adj
abdukcyjny

abductor /æbˈdʌk.tɚ/ n
porywacz porywaczka uprowadziciel uprowadzicielka
kidnapper
abduktor mięsień odwodziciel mięsień odwodzący odwodziciel
muscle

abelian /əˈbi.li.ən/ /əˈbil.jən/ /əˈbiːlɪən/ adj
abelowa przemienna
math: of a group

abelian group /əˈbi.li.ən ɡɹup/ /əˈbil.jən ɡɹup/ n
grupa abelowa grupa przemienna
group in which the group operation is commutative

abelisaur n
abelizaur

abend /əˈbɛnd/ /ˈæbɛnd/ n
przerwanie
abnormal end

aberrant /əˈbeɹ.ənt/ /əˈbɛɹ.ənt/ /ˈæb.ə.ɹənt/ adj
dziwaczny
deviating from the ordinary or natural type; exceptional; abnormal
nienormalny
deviating from the norm

aberration /ˌæb.əˈɹeɪ.ʃn̩/ n
aberracja
astronomy: small periodical change of position of heavenly bodies
minor or temporary mental disorder
optics: convergence to different foci
act of wandering or deviation; abnormality
zoology, botany: atypical development or structure

aberrational /ˌæb.əˈɹeɪ.ʃnl̩/ /ˌæb.əˈɹeɪ.ʃən.l̩/ adj
aberracyjny
characterized by aberration

aberrationality n
aberracyjność

aberrometer n
aberrometr
device that measures refractive aberrations of the eye

abetalipoproteinemia /eɪˌbeɪ.təˌlɪp.oʊˌpɹoʊ.tiˈni.mi.ə/ n
abetalipoproteinemia
rare disorder

abhor /æbˈhɔɹ/ /əbˈhɔɹ/ /əbˈhɔː(ɹ)/ v
czuć odrazę nie cierpieć
to regard with horror or detestation

abide by v
stosować się
accept a decision or law and act in accordance with it

abietic acid /ˌæb.iˈɛd.ɪk ˈæ.sɪd/ n
kwas abietynowy
a yellowish resin acid isolated from rosin and used in varnishes

abietin n
abietyna
a resin obtained from Strasburg turpentine or Canada balsam

abietinic adj
abietynowy

ability /əˈbɪl.ə.ti/ /əˈbɪl.ɪ.ti/ n
zdolność
quality or state of being able

abiogenesis /-nɪ-/ /-ˌbaɪə-/ /-ˌbiːoʊ-/ /-ˌbiːə-/ /ˌeɪbaɪəʊˈdʒɛnəsɪs/ /ˌeɪˌbaioʊˈd͡ʒɛnəsɪs/ n
abiogeneza samorództwo archigonia
origination of living organisms from lifeless matter

abiogenetic /ˌeɪ.bai.oʊ.d͡ʒəˈnɛt.ɪk/ adj
abiogenny
pertaining to or originated by abiogenesis

abiological /ˌeɪ.baɪ.əˈlɑd͡ʒ.ə.kl̩/ /ˌeɪ.baɪ.əˈlɑd͡ʒ.ɪ.kl̩/ adj
abiologiczny
pertaining to inanimate things

abiologically /ˌeɪ.baɪ.əˈlɑd͡ʒ.ə.kli/ /ˌeɪ.baɪ.əˈlɑd͡ʒ.ə.kə.li/ /ˌeɪ.baɪ.əˈlɑd͡ʒ.ɪ.kli/ /ˌeɪ.baɪ.əˈlɑd͡ʒ.ɪ.kə.li/ adv
abiologicznie

abiology n
abiologia
sciences that deal with inorganic bodies

abiotic /ˌeɪ.baɪˈɑt.ɪk/ adj
abiotyczny
Nonliving
Of inorganic matter

abiotically /ˌeɪ.baɪˈɑt.ɪk.li/ adv
abiotycznie
in an abiotic manner

abjad n
abdżad
writing system

abjudication /əbˌd͡ʒuː.dɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/ n
abiudykacja

abjuration /ˌæb.d͡ʒəˈɹeɪ.ʃn̩/ /ˌæb.d͡ʒʊɹˈɹeɪ.ʃn̩/ /ˌæb.d͡ʒʊˈɹeɪ.ʃn̩/ n
abiuracja
a solemn recantation or renunciation on oath

abjure /æbˈd͡ʒʊɹ/ v
wyrzec się wyrzekać się
to renounce with solemnity

ablactation /ˌæb.lækˈteɪ.ʃn̩/ n
ablaktacja
weaning

ablation /æbˈleɪ.ʃn̩/ /əˈbleɪ.ʃn̩/ n
ablacja
progressive removal of material
surgical removal

ablational adj
ablacyjny

ablationally adv
ablacyjnie

ablative /əˈbleɪ.tɪv/ /ˈæb.lə.tɪv/ adj
ablatywny
applied to one of the cases of the noun in other language

ablative case n
ablatyw pochodnik
grammatical case used to indicate movement away from something, removal, separation, source

ablatively /ˌæb.lə.ˈtaɪv.li/ adv
ablatywnie

ablativity /ˌabləˈtɪvɪti/ n
ablatywność
the nature of the ablative case

ablaut /ˈæbˌlaʊt/ /ˈɑbˌlaʊt/ /ˈɑpˌlaʊt/ n
przegłos alternacja apofonia
substitution of one root vowel for another

ablaze /əˈbleɪz/ adj
rozjarzony
in a state of glowing excitement
w ogniu
on fire

able /ˈeɪ.bəl/ [ˈeɪ̯.bɫ̩] adj
mieć możliwość móc potrafić
permitted to
zdolny umiejętny zręczny
skillful

able-bodied seaman n
mat
seaman who has been trained in certain skills

ablegate /ˈæb.lə.ɡeɪt/ /ˈæb.lə.ɡət/ n
ablegat
representative of the pope in foreign countries

ableism /ˈeɪ.bəl.ɪz.m̩/ n
handicapizm ableizm
discrimination against persons with disabilities

abloom /əˈbluːm/ adv
w kwiatach
(postpositive) in or into bloom; in a blooming state

ablution /əˈblu.ʃn̩/ /əˈbluː.ʃn̩/ n
ablucja obmycie
the act of washing or cleansing

ablutive adj
ablucyjny

ably /ˈeɪ.bli/ /ˈeɪ.bə.li/ adv
umiejętnie zręcznie
with great ability

abnormal /əbˈnɔɹ.ml̩/ /ˈæbˌnɔɹ.ml̩/ adj
nienormalny anormalny
not conforming to rule or system
of or pertaining to behaviour that deviates from norms

abnormality /ˌæbˌnɔɹˈmæl.ət.i/ /ˌæbˌnɔɹˈmæl.ɪt.i/ /ˌæbˌnɚˈmæl.ət.i/ /ˌæbˌnɚˈmæl.ɪt.i/ n
anormalność nienormalność
something abnormal
state of being abnormal

abnormally /æbˈnɔɹ.mə.li/ adv
anormalnie nienormalnie
In an abnormal manner

abode /əˈboʊd/ /əˈbəʊd/ [ʔəˈboʊːd̥̚] n
miejsce zamieszkania sadyba siedziba
slightly dated: residence

abolish /əˈbɑl.əʃ/ /əˈbɑl.ɪʃ/ /əˈbɒlɪʃ/ v
znosić obalać obalić znieść
to end a law, system, institution, custom or practice

abolishment /əˈbɑl.ɪʃ.mənt/ n
zniesienie
The act of abolishing

abolitional /ˌæbəˈlɪʃənəl/ adj
abolicyjny
Relating to abolition

abolitionism /ˌæb.əˈlɪʃ.əˌnɪz.m̩/ n
abolicjonizm
opinion in favor of the abolition of something

abolitionist /ˌæ.bə.ˈlɪʃ.n̩.əst/ /ˌæ.bə.ˈlɪʃ.n̩.ɪst/ adj
abolicjonistyczny
in favor of the abolition of slavery

abolitionist /ˌæ.bə.ˈlɪʃ.n̩.əst/ /ˌæ.bə.ˈlɪʃ.n̩.ɪst/ n
abolicjonista abolicjonistka
person who favors the abolition

abomasum /ˌæb.oʊˈmeɪ.səm/ n
trawieniec
fourth or digestive stomach of a ruminant

abominable /ɘˈbɔm.ɘ.nɘ.bɯ/ /əˈbɑm.nə.bl̩/ /əˈbɑm.ə.nə.bl̩/ adj
ohydny niegodziwy odrażający plugawy
hateful; detestable; loathsome

abominable snowman /əˈbɑm.nə.bl̩ ˈsnoʊ.mæn/ /əˈbɑm.ə.nə.bl̩ ˈsnoʊ.mæn/ n
człowiek śniegu
humanoid or apelike animal said to exist in the Himalayas

abomination /əˌbɑ.məˈneɪ.ʃən/ /əˌbɑ.mɪˈneɪ.ʃən/ /əˌbɒ.mɪˈneɪ.ʃən/ n
abominacja
feeling of extreme disgust

aboral /æbˈɔɹ.l̩/ /æbˈɔːɹ.l̩/ adj
aboralny
situated away from the mouth

aborally /æbˈɔɹ.ə.li/ /æbˈɔːɹ.ə.li/ adv
aboralnie
away from the mouth

aboriginal /ˌæb.əˈɹɪd͡ʒ.n̩.l̩/ /ˌæb.əˈɹɪd͡ʒ.ɪn.l̩/ adj
aborygeński
original; indigenous

aborigine /ˌæb.əˈɹɪd͡ʒ.ɪ.ni/ n
aborygen autochton krajowiec tubylec
aboriginal inhabitant of a country

aborning /əˈbɔɹ.nɪŋ/ adv
w powijakach
coming in existence

abort /əˈbɔɹt/ /əˈbɔːt/ v
przerwać
computing: to terminate a process prior to completion

aborter n
aborcjonista aborcjonistka aborter
one who or that which aborts

abortion /əˈbɔɹ.ʃn̩/ n
aborcja abort
induced abortion
act of inducing abortion
poronienie abort
miscarriage

abortional /əˈbɔɹ.ʃn̩.l̩/ adj
aborcyjny
pertaining to abortion

abortionism n
aborcjonizm
advocacy or practice of abortion

abortionist /əˈbɔɹ.ʃə.nɪst/ n
aborcjonista aborcjonistka aborter
person who performs abortions

abortive /əˈbɔɹ.tɪv/ /əˈbɔː.tɪv/ adj
aborcyjny
causing abortion
produced by abortion; born prematurely
nieudany
coming to naught; fruitless

about /əˈbaʊt/ /əˈbɛʊt/ /əˈbʌʊt/ [əˈboʊt] [əˈbɐʊt] adv
dookoła wokoło wokół
on all sides
około niemal prawie
nearly, approximately
tu i tam tu i ówdzie wokoło wszędzie
here and there
wkoło
in circuit
wstecz
to a reversed order, or opposite direction

about /əˈbaʊt/ /əˈbɛʊt/ /əˈbʌʊt/ [əˈboʊt] [əˈbɐʊt] preposition
dookoła wokoło wokół
on every side of
o
concerning
około o
ponad
over or upon different parts of
przy
in the immediate neighborhood of

about time adv
najwyższy czas
far past the desired time
najwyższy czas o czasie
close to the right time

about to phraseologicalUnit
właśnie zaraz
indicating imminence

about-face /əˈbaʊtˌfeɪs/ n
o 180 stopni w tył zwrot
military: abrupt turn to face the opposite direction

above /əˈbʌv/ adj
powyższy
being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page

above /əˈbʌv/ adv
powyżej
earlier in order in writing
powyżej na górze
in a higher place

above /əˈbʌv/ preposition
nad ponad powyżej
superior to, surpassing
nad powyżej
in or to a higher place
ponad
more

above all
przede wszystkim
of prime importance

above average
ponadprzeciętny
Better than average

above board
jawnie otwarcie
openly
uczciwie
honestly

above ground /əˈbʌvˌɡɹaʊnd/
nadziemny
on or above the surface of the ground

above the law
ponad prawem
exempt from the laws that apply to everyone else

above-mentioned /əˈbʌvˌmɛnʃn̩d/ adj
powyższy wyżej ukazany wyżej wymieniony
mentioned or named before; aforesaid

abracadabra /ˌabɹəkəˈdabɹə/ /ˌæ.bɹə.kəˈdæ.bɹə/ interjection
abrakadabra
used to indicate that a magic trick or other illusion has been performed

abracadabra /ˌabɹəkəˈdabɹə/ /ˌæ.bɹə.kəˈdæ.bɹə/ n
abrakadabra
use of term abracadabra
mumbo jumbo, obscure language or technicalities, jargon

abrade /əˈbɹeɪd/ v
abradować
(transitive) to rub or wear off; to waste or wear away by friction

abrasion /əˈbɹeɪ.ʒn̩/ n
abrazja
geology: effect of mechanical erosion of rock
act of abrading
przetarcie abrazja
medicine: superficial wound

abrasional /əˈbɹeɪ.ʒn̩.l̩/ adj
abrazyjny

abrasionally adv
abrazyjnie

abrasive /əˈbɹeɪ.sɪv/ /əˈbɹeɪ.zɪv/ adj
szorstki
rough and coarse in manner or disposition
ścierny
producing abrasion; rough

abreast /əˈbɹɛst/ adv
na bieżąco
informed
obok siebie
side by side

abrenunciation /ˌæb.ɹi.nʌn.siˈeɪ.ʃn̩/ n
abrenuncjacja
absolute renunciation; repudiation

abrin /ˈeɪ.bɹən/ /ˈeɪ.bɹɪn/ /ˈæ.bɹən/ /ˈæ.bɹɪn/ n
abryna

abroad /əˈbɹɑd/ /əˈbɹɔd/ /əˈbɹɔːd/ adv
granica
in foreign countries

abroad /əˈbɹɑd/ /əˈbɹɔd/ /əˈbɹɔːd/ n
zagranica
countries or lands abroad

abrogate /ˈæ.bɹə.ɡeɪt/ /ˈæ.bɹə.ɡət/ /ˈæb.ɹoʊˌɡeɪt/ /ˈæb.ɹəʊ.ɡeɪt/ /ˈæb.ɹəˌɡeɪt/ /ˈæb.ɹəˌɡət/ v
abrogować
to annul by an authoritative act

abrogation /ˌæb.ɹəˈɡeɪ.ʃən/ /ˌæb.ɹəˈɡæɪ.ʃən/ [ˌæb.ɹəˈɡeɪ.ʃn̩] [ˌæb.ɹəˈɡæɪ.ʃn̩] n
abrogacja
act of abrogating

abrotine /ˈæ.bɹəˌtin/ n
abrotyna

abrupt /æbˈɹʌpt/ /əˈbɹʌpt/ adj
nagłe nagły
without notice

abruptly /ə.ˈbɹʌpt.li/ /əˈbɹʌp.li/ adv
nagle bezceremonialnie improwizując raptem
in an abrupt manner

abscess /ˈæbsɛs/ /ˈæbsɪs/ n
ropień absces
cavity filled with pus

abscissa /æbˈsɪs.ə/ n
odcięta abscysa
first of two coordinates

abscond /əbˈskɑnd/ /əbˈskɒnd/ v
uciec od ukryć się przed uniknąć
to withdraw from
uciec zbiec
to flee, often secretly
to hide

abseiler /ˈæb.seɪ.lɚ/ /ˈɑbˌzaɪ.lɚ/ /ˈɑpˌzaɪ.lɚ/ /ˈɑpˌzaɪ.l̩.ɚ/ n
schodząca po linie schodzący po linie
someone who abseils

absence /æbˈsɒns/ /ˈæb.s(ə)n̩s/ /ˈæb.s(ə)n̩ts/ /ˈæb.sn̩ts/ /ˈæbsɒns/ n
absencja nieobecność
failure to be present where one is expected
nieobecność absencja
state of being away
nieobecność absencja brak
lack; deficiency; non-existence

absence makes the heart grow fonder proverb
krótkie rozstania scalają związki
When someone or something is far away, one realizes how much one loves or misses them or it

absent /ˈæb.sn̩t/ adj
nieobecny
being away from a place
inattentive
not existing

absent-minded /ˌæb.sn̩tˈmaɪn.dɪd/ adj
roztargniony
absent in mind

absent-minded professor n
roztargniony profesor
person

absent-mindedness /ˌæb.sn̩tˈmaɪn.dɪd.nəs/ n
roztargnienie
state or quality of being preoccupied

absenteeism /æb.sənˈtiːˌɪz.m̩/ /ˌæb.sənˈtiˌɪz.m̩/ n
absencja
state of being absent

absential adj
absencyjny

absentiality n
absencyjność

absinthe /ˈæb.sænθ/ /ˈæb.sæ̃θ/ /ˈæb.sɪnθ/ n
absynt piołunówka zielona wróżka
liquor
piołun
herb Artemisia absinthium

absinthial /æbˈsɪnθiəl/ adj
absyntowy

absinthian adj
absyntowy

absinthin /ˈæbˌsɪn.θɪn/ n
absyntyna
principal compound found in wormwood

absinthine /ˈæbˌsɪn.θaɪn/ /ˈæbˌsɪn.θən/ adj
absyntowy

absinthol /ˈæb.sənˌθoʊl/ /ˈæb.sənˌθɔl/ n
absyntol

absolute /ˈæb.səˌljuːt/ /ˈæb.səˌlut/ /ˈæb.səˌluːt/ /ˌæb.səˈlut/ adj
absolutny
fundamental, ultimate, intrinsic, independent of references or relations to other things
free from imperfection; complete in itself
absolutny bezwarunkowy bezwzględny
free from limitations or conditions
bezwzględny
in mathematics

absolute /ˈæb.səˌljuːt/ /ˈæb.səˌlut/ /ˈæb.səˌluːt/ /ˌæb.səˈlut/ n
absolut
realm which exists without reference to anything else
perfumery

absolute majority /ˈæb.səˌlut məˈd͡ʒɑɹ.ɪ.ti/ /ˌæb.səˈljut məˈd͡ʒɑɹ.ɪ.ti/ n
większość bezwzględna
>50% of the counted item, esp. votes

absolute monarchy n
monarchia absolutna
rule

absolute value /ˈæb.səˌlut ˈvæl.ju/ /ˌæb.səˈljut ˈvæl.ju/ n
wartość bezwzględna
modulus of a complex number
numerical value of a real number

absolute zero /ˈæb.səˌlut ˈzi.ɹoʊ/ /ˌæb.səˈljut ˈzi.ɹoʊ/ n
zero bezwzględne
coldest possible temperature

absolutely /ˈæb.səˌl(j)uːt.li/ /ˈæb.səˌlut.li/ /ˌæb.səˈl(j)uːt.li/ /ˌæb.səˈlut.li/ adv
absolutnie
in a manner that does not take an object
absolutnie bezwarunkowo bezwzględnie
independently; viewed without relation to other things or factors
absolutnie koniecznie
in an absolute manner

absolutely /ˈæb.səˌl(j)uːt.li/ /ˈæb.səˌlut.li/ /ˌæb.səˈl(j)uːt.li/ /ˌæb.səˈlut.li/ interjection
absolutnie
yes; certainly

absoluteness /ab.səˈluːt.nəs/ /ˈab.sə.luːt.nəs/ /ˈæb.səˌlut.nəs/ n
absolutność
the fact free from any conditions or other beings

absolution /æb.səˈljuː.ʃn̩/ /ˌæb.səˈl(j)u.ʃn̩/ n
absolucja rozgrzeszenie
absolving or setting free from guilt, sin or penalty; forgiveness of an offense
absolving from ecclesiastical penalties

absolutism /ˈæb.sə.ljuː.tɪz.m̩/ /ˈæb.sə.luː.tɪz.m̩/ /ˈæb.səˌljuˌtɪz.m̩/ /ˈæb.səˌluˌtɪz.m̩/ n
absolutyzm
political science: absolute or arbitrary government; despotism
belief in a metaphysical absolute

absolutist /ˈæb.səˌljuː.tɪst/ /ˈæb.səˌlu.tɪst/ /ˈæb.səˌluː.tɪst/ adj
absolutystyczny autokratyczny jedynowładczy
of or pertaining to absolutism

absolutist /ˈæb.səˌljuː.tɪst/ /ˈæb.səˌlu.tɪst/ /ˈæb.səˌluː.tɪst/ n
absolutysta absolutystka
metaphysics
one who favors autocratic government

absolutistically /ˈæb.səˌluˌtɪs.tɪk.li/ /ˈæb.səˌluˌtɪs.tɪk.l̩i/ adv
absolutystycznie

absolutive /ˌæbsəˈluːtɪv/ adj
absolutywny
grammatical case

absolutive case n
absolutyw
case used to indicate the patient or experiencer of a verb’s action

absolutization /ˌæb.səˌljut.əˈzeɪ.ʃn̩/ /ˌæb.səˌlut.əˈzeɪ.ʃn̩/ n
absolutyzacja
act or result of absolutizing

absolutize /ˈæb.sə.lju.taɪz/ /ˈæb.sə.ljuː.taɪz/ /ˈæb.səˌlu.taɪz/ /ˈæb.səˌluː.taɪz/ v
absolutyzować zabsolutyzować
to make absolute

absolve /æbˈsɑlv/ /æbˈzɑlv/ /əbˈsɑlv/ /əbˈzɑlv/ /əbˈzɒlv/ v
rozgrzeszyć absolwować rozgrzeszać
theology: to pronounce free or give absolution from sin

absorb /æbˈsɔɹb/ /æbˈzɔɹb/ /əbˈsɔɹb/ /əbˈsɔːb/ /əbˈzɔɹb/ /əbˈzɔːb/ v
absorbować pochłaniać pochłonąć zaabsorbować
to occupy fully
absorbować wchłaniać wchłonąć zaabsorbować
to consume completely
absorbować zaabsorbować pochłaniać pochłonąć
to include so that it no longer has separate existence
chłonąć pochłonąć
to assimilate mentally

absorbate /æb.sɔɹ.beɪt/ /æb.sɔɹ.bət/ /æb.zɔɹ.beɪt/ /æb.zɔɹ.bət/ /əb.sɔɹ.beɪt/ /əb.sɔɹ.bət/ /əb.zɔɹ.beɪt/ /əb.zɔɹ.bət/ n
absorbat
absorbed substance

absorbency /æb.sɔɹ.bn̩.si/ /æb.zɔɹ.bn̩.si/ /əb.sɔɹ.bn̩.si/ /əb.zɔɹ.bn̩.si/ n
absorbancja
quality of being absorbent
the ratio of the absorbance

absorbent /æbˈsɔɹ.bn̩t/ /æbˈzɔɹ.bn̩t/ /əbˈsɔɹ.bn̩t/ /əbˈsɔː.bn̩t/ /əbˈzɔɹ.bn̩t/ /əbˈzɔː.bn̩t/ adj
absorbujący absorpcyjny chłonny pochłanający wchłanający
absorbing

absorbent /æbˈsɔɹ.bn̩t/ /æbˈzɔɹ.bn̩t/ /əbˈsɔɹ.bn̩t/ /əbˈsɔː.bn̩t/ /əbˈzɔɹ.bn̩t/ /əbˈzɔː.bn̩t/ n
absorbent pochłaniacz
anything which absorbs

absorber /æbˈsɔɹ.bɚ/ /æbˈzɔɹ.bɚ/ /əbˈsɔɹ.bɚ/ /əbˈzɔɹ.bɚ/ n
absorbent absorber pochłaniacz
one who, or that which, absorbs

absorptiometer /æbˌsɔɹp.tiˈɑm.ə.dɚ/ /æbˌsɔɹp.ʃiˈɑm.ə.dɚ/ /æbˌzɔɹp.tiˈɑm.ə.dɚ/ /æbˌzɔɹp.ʃiˈɑm.ə.dɚ/ /əbˌsɔːp.ʃɪˈɒ.mɪ.ɚ/ /əbˌzɔɹp.tiˈɑm.ə.dɚ/ /əbˌzɔɹp.ʃiˈɑm.ə.dɚ/ /əbˌzɔːp.ʃɪˈɒ.mɪ.ɚ/ n
absorpcjometr
instrument that computes absorption rate

absorptiometric /æbˌsɔɹp.ʃi.oʊˈmɛ.tɹɪk/ /æbˌzɔɹp.ʃi.oʊˈmɛ.tɹɪk/ /əbˌsɔɹp.ti.oʊˈmɛ.tɹɪk/ /əbˌsɔɹp.ʃi.oʊˈmɛ.tɹɪk/ /əbˌzɔɹp.ti.oʊˈmɛ.tɹɪk/ /əbˌzɔɹp.ʃi.oʊˈmɛ.tɹɪk/ adj
absorpcjometryczny
pertaining to the measurement of absorption

absorptiometrically adv
absorpcjometrycznie

absorptiometry n
absorpcjometria
analysis using absorptiometer

absorption /æbˈsɔɹp.ʃn̩/ /æbˈzɔɹp.ʃn̩/ /əbˈsɔɹp.ʃn̩/ /əbˈsɔːp.ʃn̩/ /əbˈzɔɹp.ʃn̩/ /əbˈzɔːp.ʃn̩/ n
absorbowanie pochłanianie
act or process of being absorbed and made to disappear
absorpcja
chemistry, physics: imbibing or reception by molecular or chemical action
absorpcja pochłanianie
act or process of absorbing or sucking in anything
przyswajanie absorpcja
physiology: process by which the materials of growth and nutrition are absorbed
zaabsorbowanie
entire occupation of the mind

absorptional adj
absorpcyjny

absorptive /æbˈsɔɹp.tɪv/ /æbˈzɔɹp.tɪv/ /əbˈsɔɹp.tɪv/ /əbˈzɔɹp.tɪv/ adj
absorbujący chłonny pochłanający wchłanający
having capacity to imbibe

absorptive /æbˈsɔɹp.tɪv/ /æbˈzɔɹp.tɪv/ /əbˈsɔɹp.tɪv/ /əbˈzɔɹp.tɪv/ n
absorbent pochłaniacz
any substance that absorbs

absquatulate /æb.ˈskwɑt͡ʃ.ʊ.leɪt/ /æbz.ˈkwɑt͡ʃ.ə.leɪt/ /æbz.ˈkwɑt͡ʃ.ʊ.leɪt/ v
zwiewać
to leave quickly or in a hurry; to take oneself off; to decamp; to depart

abstain /æbˈsteɪn/ /əbˈsteɪn/ v
powstrzymać powstrzymywać
refrain from
wstrzymać wstrzymywać
refrain from voting

abstainer /æbˈsteɪ.nɚ/ n
abstynent abstynentka
one who abstains

abstention /æbˈstɛn.t͡ʃn̩/ /æbˈstɛn.ʃn̩/ /əbˈstɛn.t͡ʃn̩/ /əbˈstɛn.ʃn̩/ n
abstynencja
the act of abstaining

abstersion /æbˈstɜː.ʒn̩/ /æbˈstɝ.ʃn̩/ /æbˈstɝ.ʒn̩/ /əbˈstɝ.ʃn̩/ /əbˈstɝ.ʒn̩/ n
czyszczenie
the act of cleaning

abstinence /ˈæb.stɪ.nəns/ n
abstynencja
specifically, abstinence from alcohol
delay of spending
abstynencja wstrzemięźliwość
the act or practice of abstaining
wstrzemięźliwość abstynencja
specifically, abstinence from sexual intercourse

abstinence syndrome /ˈæb.stə.nn̩s ˈsɪn.dɹoʊm/ /ˈæb.stə.nn̩ts ˈsɪn.dɹoʊm/ n
zespół abstynencyjny
physical symptoms of withdrawing

abstinent /ˈæb.stə.nn̩t/ /ˈæb.stɪ.nn̩t/ adj
wstrzemięźliwy
refraining from indulgence

abstinent /ˈæb.stə.nn̩t/ /ˈæb.stɪ.nn̩t/ n
abstynent
one who abstains

abstinential adj
abstynencyjny
of or pertaining to abstinence

abstract /əbˈstɹækt/ /ˈæbˌstɹækt/ /ˌæbˈstɹækt/ adj
abstrakcyjny
apart from practice or reality; not concrete
art: free from representational qualities
difficult to understand

abstract /əbˈstɹækt/ /ˈæbˌstɹækt/ /ˌæbˈstɹækt/ n
abstrakcja
an abstract work of art
that which is abstract
abstrakcja abstrakt
an abstraction
streszczenie abstrakt podsumowanie
an abridgement or summary

abstract /əbˈstɹækt/ /ˈæbˌstɹækt/ /ˌæbˈstɹækt/ v
abstrahować wyabstrahować
to perform the process of abstraction
odciągać odciągnąć
to draw off
to extract by means of distillation
to remove; to take away; to withdraw
to separate; to disengage

abstract algebra /ˈæbˌstɹækt ˈæl.d͡ʒə.bɹə/ /ˈæbˌstɹækt ˈæl.d͡ʒɪ.bɹə/ n
algebra abstrakcyjna
branch of mathematics

abstractification n
abstraktyzacja

abstraction /æbˈstɹæk.ʃn̩/ /əbˈstɹæk.ʃn̩/ n
abstrakcja
act of abstracting

abstractionism /æbˈstɹæk.ʃn̩ˌɪz.m̩/ n
abstrakcjonizm
abstract art

abstractionist /æbˈstɹæk.ʃən.əst/ adj
abstrakcjonistyczny
Related to abstract art

abstractionist /æbˈstɹæk.ʃən.əst/ n
abstrakcjonista abstrakcjonistka
an idealist
someone who paints or creates abstract art

abstractionistically adv
abstrakcjonistycznie

abstractive /æbˈstɹæk.tɪv/ /əbˈstɹæk.tɪv/ adj
abstrakcyjny
having an abstracting nature or tendency
derived by abstraction

abstractiveness /æbˈstɹæk.tɪv.nəs/ /əbˈstɹæk.tɪv.nəs/ n
abstrakcyjność
the property of being abstractive

abstractly /æbˈstɹækt.li/ adv
abstrakcyjnie
in an abstract manner

abstractness /æbˈstɹæk.nəs/ /æbˈstɹækt.nəs/ n
abstrakcyjność
the quality of being abstract

abstruse /æb-/ /əbˈstɹus/ /əbˈstɹuːs/ adj
mętny
difficult to comprehend or understand

absurd /æbˈsɝd/ /æbˈzɝd/ /əbˈsɜːd/ /əbˈsɝd/ /əbˈzɜːd/ /əbˈzɝd/ adj
absurdalny niedorzeczny bezsensowny
contrary to reason or propriety

absurd /æbˈsɝd/ /æbˈzɝd/ /əbˈsɜːd/ /əbˈsɝd/ /əbˈzɜːd/ /əbˈzɝd/ n
absurd bzdura bajda bezsens brednia niedorzeczność
obsolete: an absurdity

absurdism /æbˈsɝdˌɪz.m̩/ /æbˈzɝdˌɪz.m̩/ /əbˈsɜːdˌɪz.m̩/ /əbˈsɝdˌɪz.m̩/ /əbˈzɝdˌɪz.m̩/ n
absurdyzm
philosophy which holds that the universe is chaotic and irrational

absurdist /æbˈsɝd.əst/ /əbˈsɜːd.əst/ /əbˈsɝd.əst/ adj
absurdystyczny
relating to absurdism

absurdist /æbˈsɝd.əst/ /əbˈsɜːd.əst/ /əbˈsɝd.əst/ n
absurdalista absurdysta
writer of absurd topics

absurdity /æbˈsɝd.ɪ.ti/ /æbˈzɝd.ɪ.ti/ /əbˈsɜːd.ɪ.ti/ /əbˈsɝd.ɪ.ti/ /əbˈzɝd.ɪ.ti/ n
absurd bezsens
that which is absurd, absurd action
absurdalność bezsensowność niedorzeczność
quality of being absurd

absurdly /æbˈsɝd.li/ /æbˈzɝd.li/ /əbˈsɜːd.li/ /əbˈsɝd.li/ /əbˈzɝd.li/ adv
absurdalnie
to an extreme degree
absurdalnie bezsensownie
in an absurd fashion

abulia /əˈb(j)uː.lɪə/ /əˈbu.li.ə/ n
abulia
absence of will-power or decisiveness

abulic /ˌeɪˈbju.lɪk/ /ˌeɪˈbu.lɪk/ adj
abuliczny
relating to abulia

abulic /ˌeɪˈbju.lɪk/ /ˌeɪˈbu.lɪk/ n
abulik

abuna /əˈbuːnə/ n
abuna
head of the Abyssinian church

abundance /əˈbn̩.dn̩s/ /əˈbʌn.dn̩s/ /əˈbʌn.dn̩ts/ n
obfitość
ample sufficiency

abundant /əˈbn̩.dn̩t/ /əˈbʌn.dn̩t/ adj
obfity
fully sufficient; plentiful

abundantly /əˈbn̩.dn̩t.li/ /əˈbʌn.dn̩t.li/ adv
obficie
in an abundant manner

abuse /əˈbjus/ /əˈbjuːs/ n
molestowanie
sexual violation or assault
nadużycie
improper usage
obraza zniewaga
insulting speech
znęcanie się
physical maltreatment

abuse /əˈbjuz/ /əˈbjuːz/ v
gwałcić zgwałcić
to rape
maltretować zmaltretować znęcać się
to hurt

abusively /əˈbju.sɪv.li/ /əˈbjuː.sɪv.li/ adv
abuzywnie
in an abusive manner

abusiveness /əˈbju.sɪv.nəs/ /əˈbjuː.sɪv.nəs/ n
abuzywność
the quality of being abusive

abutilon /əˈbjutˌl̩ɑn/ /əˈbjuː.tɪˌlɒn/ /ˌæb.jəˈti.lɑn/ n
abutilon klonik zaślaz
any plant of the genus Abutilon

abutment /əˈbʌt.mn̩t/ n
przyczółek
architecture: element that shares a common boundary or surface with its neighbor
architecture: support for an arch or vault

abysmal /əˈbɪz.məl/ [əˈbɪz.ml̩] adj
beznadziejny
extremely bad

abyss /æˈbɪs/ /əˈbɪs/ n
otchłań przepaść
bottomless or unfathomed depth
moral depravity, vast intellectual or moral depth
otchłań przepaść czeluść
hell, bottomless pit

abyssal /əˈbɪs.l̩/ adj
abisalny abysalny głębokomorski głębokowodny
belonging to the ocean depths

abyssal zone /əˈbɪs.l̩ zoʊn/ /əˈbɪs.l̩ zəʊn/ n
abisal abysal strefa abisalna strefa głębinowa strefa abysalna
deep ocean

abzyme n
abzymy
antibody with catalytic properties

acacia /əˈkeɪ.sjə/ /əˈkeɪ.ʃə/ n
akacja
shrub or tree

acacia tit n
sikora sawannowa
Melaniparus thruppi

academia /ˌæ.kə.ˈdeɪ.mɪ.ə/ /ˌæ.kə.ˈdi.mi.ə/ /ˌæ.kə.ˈdi.mjə/ /ˌæ.kə.ˈdiː.mɪ.ə/ /ˌæ.kə.ˈdɛ.mjə/ n
akademia
institution of higher education
scientific and cultural community engaged in higher education and research, taken as a whole

academic /ˌækəˈdɛmɪk/ adj
akademicki
belonging to an academy or other higher institution of learning
conforming to set rules and traditions
scholarly; literary or classical, in distinction from vocational

academic /ˌækəˈdɛmɪk/ n
akademik akademiczka
person who attends an academy
akademik platonik platończyk
Platonist

academic institution n
szkoła wyższa
institution dedicated to higher education

academic quarter /ˌækəˈdɛmɪk ˈkwɔrtər/ /ˌækəˈdɛmɪk ˈkwɔːtə(r/ n
kwadrans akademicki

academic year /ˌæk.əˈdɛm.ɪk jɪə/ /ˌæk.əˈdɛm.ɪk jɪɹ/ n
rok akademicki
time period

academical /ˌæk.əˈdɛm.ɪ.kl̩/ adj
akademicki
Pertaining to a university or other form of higher education

academically /ˌæk.əˈdɛm.ɪk.li/ /ˌæk.əˈdɛm.ɪk.ə.li/ adv
akademicko
in an academic style or way

academician /əˌka.dəˈmɪʃ.n̩/ /əˌkæ.dəˈmɪʃ.n̩/ /ˌa.kə.dəˈmɪʃ.n̩/ /ˌæ.kə.dəˈmɪʃ.n̩/ n
akademiczka akademik
member of an academy

academicism /ˌæk.əˈdɛm.əˌsɪz.m̩/ n
akademizm
art: traditional or orthodox formalism.

academicness n
akademickość akademiczność

academization n
akademizacja
the process or action of academizing

academize v
akademizować zakademizować
to make academic

academy /əˈkad.ə.mɪ/ /əˈkæd.ə.mi/ n
akademia
college or university
learned society
specialized school
place of training, school
seminary

acalculia /ˌeɪ.kælˈkjuː.li.ə/ /ˌeɪ.kælˈkjuː.lɪ.ə/ n
akalkulia
condition of lacking basic mathematical skills

acanthine /əˈkæn.θɪn/ /əˈkænt.θɪn/ /əˈkænˌθaɪn/ adj
akantowy

acanthus /əˈkæn.θəs/ n
akant
ornament
plant

acarology /æ.kəˈɹɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/ /æ.kəˈɹɒ.lə.d͡ʒi/ n
akarologia
the study of ticks and mites

acatalectic /ˌeɪ.ˌkæt.ə.ˈlɛk.tɪk/ adj
akatalektyczny

acatalectic /ˌeɪ.ˌkæt.ə.ˈlɛk.tɪk/ n
akataleksa

acathistus n
akatyst
Greek liturgical hymn in honour of Mary

acatholic adj
akatolicki niekatolicki
not Catholic

acaulescent /ˌæk.ɔ.ˈlɛs.nt/ /ˌæk.ɔ.ˈlɛs.ənt/ adj
bezłodygowy
having no stem

acaustobiolith n
akaustobiolit

accede /ækˈsiːd/ /əkˈsiːd/ v
obejmować objąć
to enter upon an office or dignity
przystawać przystać przystąpić przyłączać się przyłączyć się wstąpić
to join a group
przystępować
obsolete: to approach
zgodzić się
to agree to a proposal or view

accelerate /æk.ˈsɛl.ə.ˌɹeɪt/ /ək.ˈsɛl.ə.ˌɹeɪt/ /ɪk.ˈsɛl.ə.ˌɹeɪt/ v
przyśpieszać się przyśpieszyć się
to become faster
to quicken natural or ordinary progression or process
przyśpieszać przyśpieszyć
to cause to move faster
to hasten

acceleration /æk.ˌsɛl.ə.ˈɹeɪ.ʃən/ /ək.ˌsɛl.ə.ˈɹeɪ.ʃən/ /ɪk.ˌsɛl.ə.ˈɹeɪ.ʃən/ n
akceleracja
education
przyspieszenie
(physics)
amount
przyspieszenie akceleracja
act or state

accelerational adj
akceleracyjny

accelerative /æk.ˈsɛl.ə.ˌɹeɪt.ɪv/ /ɪk.ˈsɛl.ə.ˌɹeɪt.ɪv/ adj
akceleracyjny

accelerator /æk.ˈsɛl.ə.ˌɹeɪ.tɚ/ /ək.ˈsɛl.ə.ˌɹeɪ.tɚ/ /ɪk.ˈsɛl.ə.ˌɹeɪ.tɚ/ n
akcelerator
accelerator pedal
device for causing acceleration

accelerometer /æk.ˌsɛl.ə.ˈɹɑm.ə.tɚ/ /ɪk.ˌsɛl.ə.ˈɹɑm.ə.tɚ/ n
akcelerometr przyspieszeniomierz przyśpieszeniomierz
instrument for measuring acceleration

accent /-sənt/ /-sɛnt/ /ˈak.sənt/ /ˈæk.sɛnt/ /ˈɛk.sent/ n
akcent
distinctive pronunciation associated with a region, social group, etc.
orthography: mark to indicate accent
music: recurring stress on a tone
prosody: stress on syllables of a verse
music: expressive emphasis of a passage
music: rhythmical accent
music: special emphasis on a tone
distinctive manner of producing a sign language
modulation of the voice in speaking
word, significant tone or sound
mark to denote feet or inches
math: mark to distinguish magnitudes of similar kind
akcent nacisk
higher-pitched or stronger articulation
emphasis or importance in general

accent /ækˈsɛnt/ /ˈæk.sɛnt/ v
akcentować zaakcentować
to emphasize

accentologist n
akcentolog
one who studies accentology

accentology n
akcentologia
systematic analysis of word or phrase stress

accentor /ək.ˈsɛn.tɚ/ /əkˈsɛntə/ n
płochacz
bird of the Prunella genus

accentual /æk.ˈsɛn.t͡ʃu.əl/ /æk.ˈsɛnt͡ʃ.wəl/ /æk.ˈsɛnt͡ʃ.ə.wəl/ adj
akcentacyjny akcentowy akcentuacyjny
of or pertaining to accent

accentually /ˌæk.ˈsɛn.t͡ʃu.əl.i/ adv
akcentuacyjnie
in an accentual manner

accentuate /ækˈsɛn.t͡ʃuˌeɪt/ /əkˈsɛn.t͡ʃu.eɪt/ v
akcentować
to mark with a written accent
to pronounce with an accent
akcentować podkreślać uwypuklać podkreślić uwydatniać uwydatnić
to bring out distinctly

accentuation /ˌæk.ˌsɛn.t͡ʃə.ˈweɪ.ʃən/ /ˌɪk.ˌsɛn.t͡ʃə.ˈweɪ.ʃən/ n
akcentuacja
act of accentuating

accept /ækˈsɛpt/ /əkˈsɛpt/ /ɪkˈsɛpt/ v
akceptować zaakceptować
to regard as proper, usual, true, or to believe in
akceptować zgadzać się zgodzić się zaakceptować
to agree to
przyjmować przyjąć akceptować
to receive with consent

acceptability /ˌæk.ˌsɛp.tə.ˈbɪl.ət.i/ n
akceptowalność
acceptableness

acceptable /æk.ˈsɛp.tə.bəl/ /ək.ˈsɛp.tə.bəl/ /ɪk.ˈsɛp.tə.bəl/ /ˈæksɛp.tə.bəl/ adj
dopuszczalny akceptowalny
capable, worthy or sure of being accepted

acceptably /æk.ˈsɛp.tə.bli/ adv
akceptowalnie
in an acceptable manner

acceptance /ək.ˈsɛp.təns/ n
akcept
bill of exchange when accepted
akcept akceptacja
assent and engagement by person on whom bill of exchange is drawn
akceptacja przyjęcie
act of accepting

acceptor /æk.ˈsɛp.tɚ/ /ək.ˈsɛp.tɚ/ /əkˈsɛptə(ɹ)/ n
akceptant
in law
akceptor
in chemistry
in physics

access /ˈæksɛs/ /ˈækˌsɛs/ n
dostęp
act of approaching or entering
communication with a computer program or the Internet
computing: process of locating data in memory
way or means of approaching
dostęp akces akcesja
right or ability of approaching or entering

accessibility /əkˌsɛs.əˈbɪl.ə.ti/ /əkˌsɛs.əˈbɪl.ɪ.ti/ [əkˌsɛs.əˈbɪl.ə.ɾi] n
dostępność
the quality of being accessible, or of admitting approach

accessible /əkˈsɛs.ə.bəl/ adj
dostępny
easy of access or approach

accessional /æk.ˈsɛʃ.nəl/ /æk.ˈsɛʃ.ən.l/ /æk.ˈsɛʃ.ən.əl/ adj
akcesyjny
pertaining to accession

accessory /ækˈsɛs(ə)ɹi/ /ækˈsɛsəɹi/ /əkˈsɛs(ə)ɹi/ /əkˈsɛsəɹi/ adj
akcesoryczny akcesoryjny
having a supplementary function
pomocnictwo
assisting a crime

accessory /ækˈsɛs(ə)ɹi/ /ækˈsɛsəɹi/ /əkˈsɛs(ə)ɹi/ /əkˈsɛsəɹi/ n
akcesoria akcesorium
that which belongs to something else deemed the principal, attachment
dodatek dodatki
clothing accessory
współsprawca
contributor to an offense

accessory after the fact n
popleczniczka poplecznik
person who assists someone who has committed a crime

accessory before the fact n
współwinny
one who commands or counsels an offense

accessory fruit n
owoc pozorny
A fruit with tissue not derived from ovary

accessory mineral n
minerał akcesoryczny
mineral present in small amounts

accident /ˈæk.sə.dənt/ /ˈæk.sə.dɛnt/ /ˈæk.sə.dɪnt/ /ˈæk.sɪ.dənt/ n
wypadek
unexpected event with negative consequences
transport: unintended event that causes damage

accidental /ˌæk.sɪ.ˈdɛn.tl̩/ adj
przypadkowy
happening by chance

accidentalism n
accidentalism
belief that events happen by random chance

accidentally /ˌæk.sɪˈdɛnt(ə)li/ adv
przypadkowo
unexpectedly, unintentionally

acclaim /ə.ˈkleɪm/ v
aklamować
to declare by acclamations
to shout

acclamation /æk.lə.ˈmeɪ.ʃən/ n
aklamacja
election of a standby
aklamacja poklask
applause

acclimate /əˈklaɪ.mət/ /ˈæk.lɪ.meɪt/ v
aklimatyzować
(transitive, mainly US) to habituate to a climate not native; to acclimatize

acclimatization /ə.ˌklaɪ.mə.tə.ˈzeɪ.ʃən/ n
aklimatyzacja
the act of acclimatizing
biology

acclimatizational /əˌklaɪmətɪˈzeɪʃənəl/ adj
aklimatyzacyjny

acclimatize /əˈklaɪ.məˌtaɪz/ v
aklimatyzować aklimatyzować się zaaklimatyzować zaaklimatyzować się
to get used to a new climate
to make used to a new climate or a new set of circumstances

accolade /ˈæk.ə.ˌleɪd/ /ˌæk.ə.ˈlɑd/ n
akolada
(music) a brace used to join two or more staves

accommodate /əˈkɑməˌdeɪt/ /əˈkɒməˌdeɪt/ [əˈkʰɑməˌdeɪt] [əˈkʰɒməˌdeɪt] v
akomodować
to render fit or suitable
akomodować się
rare: to adapt oneself
nocować przenocować
to provide housing for

accommodation /ə.ˌkɑm.ə.ˈdeɪ.ʃən/ /ə.ˌkɒm.ə.ˈdeɪ.ʃən/ n
akomodacja
adjustment of the eye
linguistics
akomodacja przystosowanie
state of being fitted and adapted
zakwaterowanie
lodging

accommodational adj
akomodacyjny

accompaniment /ə.ˈkʌm.pə.ni.mənt/ /ə.ˈkʌmp.ni.mənt/ n
akompaniament
music: that which gives support or adds to the background
that which accompanies

accompanist /əˈkʌmp(ə)nɪst/ n
akompaniator akompaniatorka
performer who takes the accompanying part

accompany /əˈkʌm.pə.ni/ /əˈkʌmp.ni/ v
akompaniować basować przygrywać wtórować zaakompaniować zawtórować
to perform an accompanying part next to another instrument
akompaniować zaakompaniować
obsolete: to keep company
towarzyszyć asystować
to attend as a companion

accomplice /ə.ˈkɑm.pləs/ /ə.ˈkɑm.plɪs/ /ə.ˈkʌm.plɪs/ /əˈkɒm.plɪs/ n
współsprawca wspólnik wspólniczka współsprawczyni
associate in the commission of a crime

accomplish /əˈkɐm.plɪʃ/ /əˈkɑm.plɪʃ/ /əˈkɒm.plɪʃ/ /əˈkʌm.plɪʃ/ v
dokonać dokonywać
to finish successfully

accomplished /ə.ˈkɑm.plɪʃt/ /ə.ˈkɒm.plɪʃt/ /ə.ˈkʌm.plɪʃt/ adj
dokonany
completed
osiągnąwszy wiele
having many accomplishments
utalentowany
showing skill

accomplishment /ə.ˈkɑm.plɪʃ.mənt/ /ə.ˈkɒm.plɪʃ.mənt/ /ə.ˈkʌm.plɪʃ.mənt/ n
osiągnięcie
achievement
the act of accomplishing

accord /əˈkɔɹd/ /əˈkɔːd/ n
akord
harmony of sounds
porozumienie
agreement or concurrence of opinion

accord /əˈkɔɹd/ /əˈkɔːd/ v
zgodzić się
transitive: to make to agree or correspond

according to preposition
odpowiednio zgodnie z
in proportion
według podług wedle
based on statement

according to plan /əˈkɔɹdɪŋ tə ˈplæn/
zgodnie z planem
as intended, as planned

accordingly /ə.ˈkɔɹ.dɪŋ.li/ /əˈkɔː(ɹ).dɪŋ.li/ adv
odpowiednio stosownie
agreeably; correspondingly; suitably; in a manner conformable
więc zatem
in natural sequence; consequently; so

accordion /ə.ˈkɔɹ.di.ən/ /əˈkɔ(ɹ).di.ˌən/ n
akordeon harmonia ręczna
a small, portable, keyed wind instrument

accordionist /ə.ˈkɔɹd.i.ə.nəst/ n
akordeonista akordeonistka
player of the accordion

accost /ə.ˈkɑst/ /ə.ˈkɒst/ /ə.ˈkɔst/ v
zaczepiać
to approach and speak too boldly or aggressively, as with a demand or request

accoucheur /ˌæ.ku.ˈʃɜː/ /ˌæ.ku.ˈʃɝ/ n
akuszer akuszerka
person who assists women in childbirth

accoucheuse n
akuszerka
woman who assists women in childbirth

account /ə.ˈkaʊnt/ n
konto rachunek
a registry of pecuniary transactions
an authorization to use a service
relacja
a statement of facts or occurrences

account manager n
opiekun klienta
person in charge of sales

account to v
rozliczać się
to be responsible to

accountability /ə.ˌkaʊn.tə.ˈbɪl.ət.i/ n
odpowiedzialność rozliczalność
state of being accountable

accountable /əˈkaʊntəbl̩/ adj
odpowiedzialny
obliged to answer for one’s deeds

accountancy /ə.ˈkaʊnt.ən.si/ n
rachunkowość
the profession of accounting

accountant /ə.ˈkaʊn.tənt/ [ə.ˈkæʊn.ʔn̩ʔ] n
księgowy księgowa
one whose profession includes organizing, maintaining and auditing the records of another
księgowy księgowa buchalter
a reckoner, or someone who maintains financial matters for a person(s)

accounting /ə.ˈkaʊn.tɪŋ/ n
rachunkowość księgowość
development and maintenance of system for recording and analyzing financial transactions

accounts payable n
należności zobowiązania
total monetary amount owed by a customer to suppliers of its goods and services

accounts receivable n
należność
total monetary amount

accredit /ə.ˈkɹɛd.ɪt/ v
akredytować
To put or bring into credit; to invest with credit or authority; to sanction
To send with letters credential, as an ambassador, envoy, or diplomatic agent; to authorize, as a messenger or delegate.

accreditation /əˌkɹɛd.ɪˈteɪ.ʃən/ [əˌkɹɛd.ɨɾˈeɪ.ʃən] [əˌkɹɛd.ɨˈteɪ.ʃən] [əˌkɹɛd.ɪˈteɪ.ʃən] n
akredytacja
giving of credentials
the granting of approval of achieving an official standard of some sort

accreditational adj
akredytacyjny

accretion /ə.ˈkɹi.ʃən/ n
akrecja
concretion; coherence of separate particles; as, the accretion of particles so as to form a solid mass

accretion disk n
dysk akrecyjny
structure formed by matter falling into a gravitational source

accretional adj
akrecyjny

accrue /ə.ˈkɹu/ /əˈkɹuː/ v
gromadzić
to accumulate
wzrastać wzrosnąć
increase

acculturation /ə.ˌkʌl.t͡ʃə.ˈɹeɪ.ʃən/ n
akulturacja
process by which a person acquires the culture
process by which the culture of an isolated society changes

acculturational /ə.ˌkʌl.t͡ʃə.ˈɹeɪ.ʃnəl/ /ə.ˌkʌl.t͡ʃə.ˈɹeɪ.ʃən.əl/ adj
akulturacyjny
pertaining to acculturation

accumulate /ə.ˈkjum.jə.ˌleɪt/ /əˈkjuːmjʊˌleɪt/ v
akumulować się zakumulować się
to grow in number
akumulować zakumulować
to pile up

accumulation /ə.ˌkjuːm.jə.ˈleɪ.ʃən/ n
akumulacja
act of accumulating, the state of being accumulated
continuous growth of capital by retention of interest or savings

accumulation point n
punkt skupienia
point beyond which periodic orbits give way to chaotic ones
point whose every neighborhood contains an element of a given sequence
point whose every neighborhood contains an element of a given subset of a given topological space

accumulational adj
akumulacyjny

accumulative /ə.ˈkjum.jə.ˌleɪ.tɪv/ /ə.ˈkjum.jə.ˌlə.tɪv/ adj
akumulacyjny
serving to collect or amass

accumulator /ə.ˈkjum.jə.ˌleɪ.tɚ/ n
akumulator
wet-cell storage battery
computer science: register for holding intermediate results

accuracy /ˈakjəɹəsi/ /ˈakjʊɹəsi/ /ˈæk.jɚ.ə.si/ n
dokładność akuratność
state of being accurate

accurate /ˈæk.jə.ɹɪt/ /ˈæk.jɚ.ət/ /ˈæk.jɚ.ɪt/ /ˈæk.jʊ.ɹət/ /ˈæk.ə.ɹət/ adj
dokładny akuratny
exact or careful conformity to truth

accurately /ˈæk.jə.ɹɪt.li/ /ˈæk.jɚ.ɪt.li/ [ˈæk.jə.ɹɪɾ.li] [ˈæk.jɚ.ɪɾ.li] adv
dokładnie akuratnie celnie trafnie
exactly, precisely

accusation /ˌæk.ju.ˈzeɪ.ʃən/ /ˌæk.jə.ˈzeɪ.ʃən/ n
oskarżenie
act of accusing or charging with a crime
declaration of fault or blame against another
that of which one is accused

accusatival /əˌkjuːzəˈtaɪvəl/ adj
biernikowy

accusative /əˈkjuzətɪv/ /əˈkjuːzətɪv/ adj
biernikowy biernik
related to accusative case

accusative /əˈkjuzətɪv/ /əˈkjuːzətɪv/ n
biernik accusativus akuzatiwus akuzatyw
accusative case

accuse /əˈkjuz/ /əˈkjuːz/ v
oskarżać oskarżyć
attribute blame to someone

accused /ə.ˈkjuzd/ n
oskarżony oskarżona
defendant

accuser /əˈkju.zɚ/ /əˈkjuː.zə/ n
oskarżyciel oskarżycielka
one who accuses

accustom /ə.ˈkʌs.təm/ v
przyzwyczaić przyzwyczajać
to make familiar by use

ace /eɪs/ n
as
card with a single spot
excellent military aircraft pilot
expert
single point or spot on a card or die
tennis: point scored without the opponent hitting the ball
es
die face with a single spot

ace up one's sleeve n
as w rękawie
a surprise of which others are not aware

acedia /əˈsiːdɪə/ n
acedia
sloth

acenaphthene n
acenaften
hydrocarbon found in coal tar

acenocoumarol n
acenokumarol

acephalia n
acefalia
birth defect in which the head is absent

acephalous /əˈsɛfələs/ adj
akefaliczny
prosody

acerbic /əˈsɜ(ɹ)bɪk/ /əˈsɜː(ɹ)bɪk/ adj
cierpki
sour or bitter
cierpki uszczypliwy
sharp, biting

acerola /æ.səˈɹəʊ.lə/ n
acerola nadgwiazdka granatolistna wiśnia z Barbados
fruit

acetal /ˈæsɪˌtæl/ n
acetal
any diether of a geminal diol

acetaldehyde /ˌæs.ɪˈtæl.dəˌhaɪd/ n
acetaldehyd aldehyd octowy
the organic compound CH₃CHO

acetalic adj
acetalowy
of or pertaining to an acetal

acetamide n
acetamid etanoamid
amide of acetic acid

acetaminophen /əˌsitəˈmɪnəfən/ n
paracetamol acetaminofen apap tylenol
drug

acetanilide n
acetanilid antyfebryna
amide derived from acetic acid and aniline

acetarsol n
acetarsol
compound sometimes used as an antiinfective

acetate /ˈæsɪteɪ̯t/ n
octan acetat
salt or ester of acetic acid

acetatic adj
acetatowy

acetator /ˈæsɪˌteɪtɚ/ n
acetator

acetic acid n
kwas octowy
clear colourless organic acid, CH₃COOH

acetimeter n
acetometr octomierz
an instrument

acetoacetic acid n
kwas acetylooctowy
organic compound

acetoglyceride n
acetogliceryd

acetoin n
acetoina acetylometylokarbinol
one of the constituents of the flavour of butter

acetone /ˈæ.sə.toʊn/ n
aceton
the organic compound (CH₃)₂CO

acetonemia n
acetonemia
presence of excessive levels of acetone in blood

acetonic /ˈæsɛˌtɒnɪk/ adj
acetonowy
relating to or producing acetone

acetonuria n
acetonuria
presence of acetone in the urine

acetophenone n
acetofenon acetylobenzen fenylometyloketon metylofenyloketon
an aromatic ketone

acetyl /əˈsiːtaɪl/ /əˈsiːtɪl/ /ˈæsətɪl/ n
acetyl
univalent radical

acetylacetone n
acetyloaceton
a diketone used as a solvent and as a coordination ligand

acetylate v
acetylować

acetylation n
acetylacja acetylowanie
reaction of a substance with acetic acid

acetylcholine /əˌsitəlˈkoʊlin/ n
acetylocholina
the neurotransmitter compound

acetylcholinesterase n
acetylocholinoesteraza
enzyme

acetylcholinic adj
acetylocholinowy

acetylcysteine /əˌsi.tl̩ˈsɪ.stəˌin/ /ˌas.ɪ.tɪlˈsɪ.stɪ.iːn/ /ˌas.ɪ.tʌɪlˈsɪ.steɪn/ /ˌas.ɪ.tʌɪlˈsɪ.stɪ.iːn/ /ˌæs.ət.l̩ˈsɪ.stəˌin/ /ˌæs.əˌtilˈsɪ.stəˌin/ n
acetylocysteina
mucolytic drug

acetyldigitoxin n
acetylodigitoksyna
drug

acetylene /əˈsɛtəlˌin/ n
acetylen
ethyne
acetylen etyn
acetylene
karbidówka lampa acetylenowa lampa karbidowa
a lamp powered by acetylene

acetylenic adj
acetylenowy
of or pertaining to acetylene

acetylenically adv
acetylenowo
in an acetylenic manner

acetylesterase n
acetyloesteraza
any enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of an acetate ester

acetylgalactose n
acetylogalaktoza

acetylglucosamine n
acetyloglikozamina
amide derivative of glucose

acetylhydrolase n
acetylohydrolaza

acetylic adj
acetylowy
pertaining to acetyl

acetylide n
acetylenek

acetylpyridine n
acetylopirydyna

acetylsalicylic adj
acetylosalicylowy
derivative

acetylsalicylic acid n
kwas acetylosalicylowy
acetate ester of salicylic acid; aspirin

achalasia n
achalazja

ache /ˈeɪk/ n
tępy ból ból
dull pain

ache /ˈeɪk/ v
boleć
be in pain

ache for v
pożądać
to desire or want very much

achene /əˈkiːn/ n
niełupka
small dry fruit

achieve /əˈt͡ʃiːv/ v
osiągnąć osiągać
to obtain, or gain as the result of exertion
osiągnąć osiągać zrealizować
to carry out successfully; to accomplish

achievement /əˈt͡ʃiːv.mənt/ /əˈt͡ʃiːv.mɪnt/ n
dokonanie osiągnięcie
great or heroic deed
osiągnięcie
a reward in video games
osiągnięcie dokonanie
act of achieving or performing

achilleine n
achileina

achiral adj
[[a-]]chiralny

achirality n
[[a-]]chiralność

acholia n
acholia
deficiency of bile

achondrite n
achondryt
stony meteorite that contains no chondrules

achondroplasia /-ʒ(i)ə/ /eɪˌkɒndɹə(ʊ)ˈpleɪziə/ /ə-/ n
achondroplazja chondrodysplazja chondrodystrofia
the genetic disorder

achondroplastic /eɪkɑndɹəˈplæstɪk/ adj
achondroplastyczny
relating to or suffering from achondroplasia

achoo /ɑːˈt͡ʃuː/ /ɑːˈt͡ʃʰuː/ /əˈt͡ʃuː/ /əˈt͡ʃʰuː/ interjection
apsik a psik
the sound of a sneeze

achrodextrin n
achroodekstryna
a form of dextrin that is not colourable by iodine

achroite n
achroit

achromat /ˈæ.kɹəʊ.mæt/ n
achromat

achromatic /ˌeɪ.kɹəˈmæt.ɪk/ /ˌæk.ɹəˈmæt.ɪk/ adj
achromatyczny
optics: free from colour

achromatin n
achromatyna

achromatinic adj
achromatynowy

achromatism n
achromatopsja achromatyzm
achromatopia
achromatyczność achromatyzm
state or quality of being achromatic

achromatization n
achromatyzacja

achromatope n
achromatop

achromatopsia n
achromatopsja achromatyzm
defective ability to see colours

achronic /eɪˈkɹɒnɪk/ adj
achroniczny
astronomy

achronicity n
achroniczność

achronological adj
achronologiczny
not chronological

achronologically adv
achronologicznie
without chronological order

achylia n
achylia bezsoczność
lack or reduced production of gastric juices

aciclovir /eɪˈsaɪ.kloʊˌvɪɹ/ /eɪˈsʌɪ.klə(ʊ)ˌvɪə/ n
acyklowir

acid /ˈæsɪd/ adj
kwaśny
sour-tempered
of or pertaining to an acid
kwaśny kwas
sour, sharp, or biting to the taste

acid /ˈæsɪd/ n
kwas
in chemistry
a sour substance
LSD

acid rain n
kwaśny deszcz
unusually acidic rain

acidaemia n
acydemia acydoza kwasica
abnormally high concentration of hydrogen ions in blood

acidic /əˈsɪdɪk/ adj
kwasowy
chemistry: having pH less than 7

acidimeter /ˌæsəˈdɪmətə(ɹ)/ n
acydymetr kwasomierz
instrument

acidimetric adj
acydymetryczny

acidimetrically adv
acydymetrycznie

acidimetry n
acydymetria
measurement of the strength of acids

acidity /əˈsɪdɪti/ n
kwasowość
quality or state of being acid

acidless adj
bezkwaśny

acidolysis n
acydoliza
decomposition of a molecule under the influence of an acid

acidophile n
acydofil
organism that thrives under acidic conditions

acidophilic /ˌæsɪdəʊˈfɪlɪk/ /ˌæsɪɾoʊˈfɪlɪk/ adj
acydofilny kwasolubny
thriving under acidic conditions

acidophilicity n
acydofilność

acidophyte n
acydofit

acidosis /ˌæs.ɪˈdoʊ.sɪs/ /ˌæs.ɪˈdəʉ.sɪs/ /ˌæs.ɪˈdəʊ.sɪs/ n
acydemia acydoza kwasica
abnormally increased acidity of the blood

acknowledge /əkˈnɑl.ɪd͡ʒ/ /əkˈnɒl.ɪd͡ʒ/ [əkˈnɑːɫəd͡ʒ] [əkˈnɒlɨ̞d͡ʒ] [əɡˈnɑːɫəd͡ʒ] [əɡˈnɒlɨ̞d͡ʒ] [ɨkˈnɑːɫɨd͡ʒ] [ɨɡˈnɑːɫɨd͡ʒ] v
przyznawać przyznać
to admit the knowledge of
uznawać uznać
to admit the claims or authority of

acne /ˈæk.ni/ n
trądzik
a pattern of blemishes resulting from the skin condition
trądzik wągry
a skin condition

acolyte /ˈæ.kə.laɪt/ n
akolita akolitka
Catholic church: highest of the minor orders; ordained to carry wine, water and lights at the Mass
in general: assistant

aconite /ˈæ.kə.naɪt/ n
tojad akonit
herb wolfsbane

aconitine n
akonityna

acorn /ˈeɪ.kɔɹn/ /ˈeɪ.kɔːn/ /ˈeɪkɚn/ n
żołądź
fruit of the oak tree

acorn-shell n
pąkla
barnacle of the genus Balanus

acosmism n
akosmizm
denial of the existence of the universe as distinct from God

acoustic /əˈkuː.stɪk/ adj
akustyczny
pertaining to hearing or the science of sounds
producing or produced without electrical amplification

acoustic /əˈkuː.stɪk/ n
akustyka
quality of a space for doing music

acoustic guitar n
akustyk gitara akustyczna
hollow-body guitar

acoustically adv
akustycznie
in an acoustic manner

acoustician n
akustyk
One versed in acoustics

acousticness n
akustyczność

acoustics /əˈkuː.stɪks/ n
akustyka
the science of sounds, teaching their nature, phenomena and laws

acoustoelectronic adj
akustoelektroniczny

acoustoelectronics n
akustoelektronika

acoustooptic adj
akustooptyczny

acoustooptics /əˌkuːstəʊˈɒptɪks/ n
akustooptyka
the science that studies the diffraction of light by ultrasonic sound

acqua alta /ˌækwə ˈæltə/ n
acqua alta
regular flooding in Venice

acquaintance /əˈkweɪntəns/ /ʌˈkweɪn.təns/ n
znajomość
state of being acquainted, acquaintanceship
znajomy znajoma
person

acquainted /əˈkweɪntɪd/ /əˈkwæɪntəd/ adj
zaznajomiony
familiar

acquiesce /ˌækwiˈɛs/ v
godzić się
concur upon conviction
przyzwalać
rest satisfied

acquiescence /ˌæk.wiːˈɛs.əns/ n
potulność przyzwolenie
silent or passive assent

acquiescent /æˈkwi.ɛsn̩t/ adj
spolegliwy
willing to acquiesce

acquire /əˈkwaɪə/ /əˈkwaɪɚ/ v
nabyć nabywać
to get

acquired /əˈkwaɪəd/ /əˈkwaɪɹd/ adj
nabyty
medicine: developed after birth

acquired taste n
specyficzny
something or someone that is appreciated only after having initially been regarded as unappealing or unpleasant

acquis /aˈkiː/ /ɑˈki/ n
acquis
short for acquis communautaire

acquisition /ˌæk.wəˈzɪʃ.ən/ /ˌæk.wɪˈzɪʃ.ən/ n
nabycie akwizycja nabywanie
act or process of acquiring
nabytek
thing acquired or gained; an acquirement; a gain

acquisitional adj
akwizycyjny
relating to acquisition

acquit /əˈkwɪt/ v
uniewinnić
to declare or find innocent or not guilty
uniewinnić od zarzutu
to discharge (for example, a claim or debt)

acquittal /əˈkwɪ.d(ə)l/ /əˈkwɪ.t(ə)l/ n
uniewinnianie
legal decision of not guilty

acre /ˈeɪ.kə/ /ˈeɪ.kɚ/ n
akr
unit of surface area

acrichin n
akrychina

acrid /ˈæk.ɹɪd/ adj
ostry cierpki drażniący gryzący
sharp and harsh, or bitter and not to the taste; pungent
uszczypliwy
caustic; bitter; bitterly irritating

acridine n
akrydyna
tricyclic aromatic heterocycle obtained from coal tar

acrimonious /-ɹə-/ /ˌæk.ɹɪˈmoʊ.ni.əs/ /ˌæk.ɹɪˈməʊ.nɪ.əs/ adj
kłótliwy ostry
angry, acid, and sharp in delivering argumentative replies

acroamatic adj
akroamatyczny
based on lectures

acrobat /ˈæk.ɹə.bæt/ n
akrobata akrobatka
athlete who performs acts requiring skill, agility and coordination

acrobatic /ˌækɹəˈbætɪk/ adj
akrobatyczny
of or pertaining to an acrobat

acrobatically adv
akrobatycznie
in an acrobatic manner

acrobatics n
akrobatyka
art of performing acrobatic feats

acrocyanosis /ˌæ.kɹoʊ.ˌsaɪ.ə.ˈnoʊ.sɪs/ n
akrocyjanoza
acrocyanosis

acrolein /əˈkɹoʊliɪn/ /əˈkɹəʊliɪn/ /ˈækɹəliːn/ /ˈækɹəˌlin/ n
akroleina
a pungent, acrid, poisonous liquid aldehyde

acrolith n
akrolit

acromegaly /ˌækroʊˈmɛɡəli/ n
akromegalia
chronic disease marked by enlargement of the bones

acromonogrammatic adj
akromonogramatyczny

acronym /ˈæk.ɹə.nɪm/ n
akronim skrót skrótowiec
any abbreviation formed by initial letters
akronim skrótowiec skrót
word formed by initial letters

acronymic adj
akronimiczny

acronymization n
akronimizacja
act of turning a phrase into an acronym

acronymous adj
akronimiczny

acrophobia n
akrofobia
fear of heights

acropolis /əˈkɹɒpəlɪs/ n
akropol
promontory of Ancient Greek cities

acrosome n
akrosom
end of the head of a spermatozoon

across /əˈkɹɑs/ /əˈkɹɒs/ /əˈkɹɔs/ adv
po drugiej stronie
on the other side
poziomo
crosswords: horizontally

across /əˈkɹɑs/ /əˈkɹɒs/ /əˈkɹɔs/ preposition
naprzeciwko po drugiej stronie
on the opposite side
przez
from one side to another
przez poprzez
from the far side

across the board
bez wyjątku powszechny we wszystkich dziedzinach
pertaining to all categories or things

acrostic /əˈkɹɑstɪk/ /əˈkɹɒstɪk/ /əˈkɹɔstɪk/ n
akrostych
poem or text in which certain letters spell out a name or message

acroterium /ˌækɹəˈtɪəɹi.əm/ n
akroterion akroterium naszczytnik
small pedestal for a statue or ornament

acrow prop n
stempel

acrylate /ˈækɹɪleɪt/ n
akrylan
salt or ester of acrylic acid

acrylic /ə.ˈkɹɪl.ɪk/ adj
akrylowy
containing an acrylic resin
derived from acrylic acid or acrylonitrile

acrylic /ə.ˈkɹɪl.ɪk/ n
akryl
thick sheet of plastic
akryl farba akrylowa
paint containing an acrylic resin

acrylonitrile n
akrylonitryl
toxic colourless liquid

acrylonitrilic adj
akrylonitrylowy

act /æk/ /ækt/ n
akt
drama: division of theatrical performance
formal record of something done
czyn akt
deed
działanie
process of doing
ustawa akt
statute

act /æk/ /ækt/ v
działać robić zdziałać zrobić
to do something
grać
to perform a theatrical role
postąpić postępować zachować się zachowywać
to behave in a certain way

act of God n
siła wyższa
unforeseen occurrence

act of faith n
akt wiary
action that demonstrates one's religious faith

act out /ˌækt ˈaʊ̯t/ v
odegrać odgrywać
to perform a scene from a play, a charade or an exercise

act the goat v
błaznować

actin n
aktyna
a globular structural protein

acting /ˈæk.tɪŋ/ adj
p.o. pełniąca obowiązki pełniący obowiązki
temporarily assuming the duties or authority

acting /ˈæk.tɪŋ/ n
aktorstwo aktorszczyzna
occupation of an actor

actinic /ækˈtɪn ɪk/ adj
aktyniczny
relating to actinism

actinide /ˈæktɪnaɪd/ n
aktynowiec
one of a group of radioactive elements

actinism n
aktyniczność
the property of electromagnetic radiation that leads to the production of photochemical effects

actinium /ækˈtɪniəm/ n
aktyn
chemical element

actino- prefix
aktyno-
having a radial form

actinograph n
aktynograf
recording actinometer

actinolite n
aktynolit
mineral with monoclinic crystals belonging to the amphibole group

actinolitic adj
aktynolitowy
of the nature of, or containing, actinolite

actinology /ˌæk.təˈnɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/ /ˌæk.təˈnɒ.lə.d͡ʒi/ /ˌæk.tɪˈnɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/ /ˌæk.tɪˈnɒ.lə.d͡ʒi/ n
aktynologia
study of the effect of light on chemicals

actinometer n
aktynometr
measuring device

actinometric adj
aktynometryczny
pertaining to actinometry

actinometry /ˌæktɪˈnɒmətɹi/ n
aktynometria
measurement of the heating power of electromagnetic radiation

actinomycin n
aktynomycyna
antibiotic found in bacteria of genus Streptomyces

actinomycosis n
aktynomikoza promienica
infectious disease

actinon n
aktynon

action /ˈæk.ʃən/ interjection
akcja
signifying the start of something

action /ˈæk.ʃən/ n
akcja
fast-paced activity
military: combat
way of motion or functioning
akcja działanie czyn czynność
something done so as to accomplish a purpose

action movie n
film akcji
a type of motion picture

action plan n
rozkład
planned series of actions

actionless adj
bezakcyjny

actions speak louder than words proverb
czyny mówią głośniej niż słowa
it is more effective to act than speak

activate /ˈæktɪˌveɪt/ v
aktywować uaktywniać uaktywnić
to put into operation

activated carbon n
węgiel aktywowany
absorbent form of finely powdered carbon

activation /ˌæktəˈveɪʃən/ /ˌæktɪˈveɪʃən/ n
aktywacja uaktywnianie
making active

activational adj
aktywacyjny
pertaining to activation

activator n
aktywator
something that activates a catalyst
aktywizator
one who activates

active /ˈæk.tɪv/ adj
aktywny
brisk; lively
aktywny czynny
having the quality or power of acting
in action
czynny
in grammar

active duty n
służba czynna
active duty

active vocabulary n
słownik czynny
words and phrases that someone commonly uses

active voice n
strona czynna
the form in which the subject of a verb carries out some action

active volcano n
wulkan czynny czynny wulkan
active volcano

actively /ˈæktɪvli/ adv
aktywnie
in an active manner

activism /ˈæk.tɪ.vɪ.zəm̩/ /ˈæk.tɪ.vɪz.m̩/ n
aktywizm
practice of using action to achieve a result

activist /ˈæk.tɪ.vɪst/ n
aktywista aktywistka działacz działaczka
one who is politically active

activistic /æk.tɪˈvɪst.ɪk/ adj
aktywistyczny
relating to activism or activists

activity /ækˈtɪv.ə.ti/ /ækˈtɪv.ɪ.ti/ /ækˈtɪv.ɪ.tiː/ [ækˈtɪv.ə.ɾi] [ækˈtɪv.ɪ.ɾi] n
aktywność
state or quality of being active
something done as an action or a movement
działalność aktywność
something done for pleasure or entertainment

actomyosin n
aktomiozyna
a protein complex found in muscle fibres

actor /ˈak.tə/ /ˈæk.tɚ/ n
aktor aktorka
person who performs in a theatrical play or film
one who acts; a doer
one who takes part in a situation

actorly adj
aktorsko

actress /ˈæk.tɹɪs/ n
aktorka
female actor

actual /ˈæk(t)ʃ(u)əl/ /ˈæktj(ʊ)əl/ /ˈæt͡ʃəl/ adj
aktualny
in action at the time being
prawdziwy właściwy
factual, real, not just apparent or even false

actualism n
aktualizm
the belief that only actual things exist

actualist n
aktualista
proponent of actualism

actually /ˈak.tjʊ.ə.lɪ/ /ˈak.t͡ʃ(ʊ.)(ə.)li/ /ˈak.t͡ʃʊ.ə.lɪ/ /ˈak.ʃ(ʊ.)(ə.)li/ /ˈat͡ʃ.li/ /ˈat͡ʃ.u.li/ /ˈat͡ʃ.ə.li/ /ˈæk.t͡ʃ(u.)(ə.)li/ /ˈæk.ʃ(u.)(ə.)li/ adv
faktycznie właściwie autentycznie naprawdę
In act or in fact; really; in truth; positively

actuarial science n
wiedza aktuarialna
discipline within applied mathematics dealing with risk assessment; practice of applying mathematical and statistical methods to assess risk

actuary /ˈæktjʊəɹi/ /ˈæktʃuˌɛɹi/ /ˈæktʃəɹi/ /ˈæktʃʊəɹi/ n
aktuariusz
maker of insurance calculations

actuate /ˈæktju.eɪt/ /ˈæktʃu.eɪt/ /ˈækt͡ʃu.eɪt/ v
pobudzać
to incite to action
uruchomić
to activate; put into motion

acuity /əˈkjuːɪti/ n
ostrość
sharpness or acuteness

acumen /æˈkjumən/ /əˈkjumən/ /əˈkjuːmən/ /ˈækjəmən/ /ˈækjəˌmɛn/ /ˈækjʊmən/ n
bystrość przenikliwość
quickness of perception

acupoint n
akupunkt
a specific point on the body where acupuncture is applied

acupressure n
akupresura
alternative medicine technique in which physical pressure is applied to acupoints

acupunctural adj
akupunkturowy
relating to acupuncture

acupuncture /ˈæ.kju.ˌpʌŋk.t͡ʃɝ/ n
akupunktura
insertion of needles for remedial purposes

acupuncturist n
akupunkturzysta akupunkturzystka
healthcare professional

acute /əˈkjut/ /əˈkjuːt/ adj
akutowy
(orthography) after a letter of the alphabet: having an acute accent
ostry
(geometry) of an angle: less than 90 degrees
intense, sensitive, sharp

acute /əˈkjut/ /əˈkjuːt/ n
akcent ostry akut intonacja akutowa
accent or tone higher than others

acute accent n
akcent akutowy akcent ostry akut
acute accent

acute angle n
kąt ostry
angle measuring less than ninety degrees

acute triangle n
trójkąt ostrokątny
triangle all of the angles of which are acute

acute-angled adj
ostrokątny
geometry

acyclic /eɪˈsaɪklɪk/ /eɪˈsɪklɪk/ adj
acykliczny niecykliczny
not cyclic

acyclically adv
acyklicznie

acyclicity n
acykliczność
property of being acyclic

acyl /ˈæ.sɪl/ n
acyl
any of a class of organic radicals

acylate v
acylować

acylation n
acylowanie
the process of adding an acyl to a compound

acylhydrolase n
acylohydrolaza

acyltransferase /ˌasɪlˈtɹansfəɹeɪz/ /ˌeɪsʌɪlˈtɹɑːnzfəɹeɪz/ n
acylotransferaza
any of several enzymes that catalyse the transfer of acyl groups between lipids

ad hoc /ˌæd ˈhɑk/ /ˌæd ˈhɒk/ /ˌæd ˈhɔk/ adj
ad hoc dla tego doraźny
for this particular purpose

ad hoc /ˌæd ˈhɑk/ /ˌæd ˈhɒk/ /ˌæd ˈhɔk/ adv
ad hoc
on the spur of the moment

ad infinitum /ˌæd ɪnfɪˈnaɪtəm/ adv
do nieskończoności nieskończenie
endlessly

ad nauseam /ˌæd ˈnɑziəm/ /ˌæd ˈnɒziəm/ /ˌæd ˈnɔziəm/ /ˌæd ˈnɔːziəm/ adv
do znudzenia
to a sickening degree

ad-free adj
bez reklam

adage /ˈæ.dɪd͡ʒ/ n
przysłowie maksyma porzekadło
old saying

adagio /əˈdæd͡ʒiəʊ/ /əˈdɑːd͡ʒiəʊ/ adj
adagio

adagio /əˈdæd͡ʒiəʊ/ /əˈdɑːd͡ʒiəʊ/ n
adagio
tempo mark indicating that music is to be played slowly

adamant /ˈæd.ə.mænt/ /ˈæd.ə.mənt/ adj
nieustępliwy zdecydowany
determined; unshakeable; unyielding

adamant /ˈæd.ə.mænt/ /ˈæd.ə.mənt/ n
adamant
rock or mineral

adamantane n
adamantan

adamantine /ˌæd.əˈmæn.taɪn/ /ˌæd.əˈmæn.tin/ /ˌæd.əˈmæn.tɪn/ adj
adamantowy
incapable of being broken

adamellite n
adamellit

adamsite n
adamsyt
an organic compound used as a riot-control agent

adapt /əˈdæpt/ v
adaptować się zaadaptować się
to make oneself comfortable to a new thing
adaptować zaadaptować
to fit by alteration
to make suitable

adaptability /ədæptəˈbɪlɪti/ n
adaptabilność przystosowawczość
variability in respect to, or under the influence of, external conditions
adaptowalność
quality of being adaptable; a quality that renders adaptable

adaptable /əˈdæptəbəl/ adj
giętki adaptowalny
capable of adapting or of being adapted

adaptation /ˌædæpˈteɪʃən/ n
adaptacja
change that is made or undergone
artistic work that has been adapted
evolutionary theory: instance of change
evolutionary theory: process of change
process of adapting an artistic work
adaptacja przystosowanie
process of adapting

adaptationism n
adaptacjonizm
view that many traits of organisms are evolved adaptations

adapter /əˈdaptə/ n
adaptator adaptatorka
one who adapts something
adapter
device to allow compatibility (in general)
adapter przejściówka
device allowing plug to fit in an outlet of different type
przedłużacz rozgałęźnik złodziejka
device allowing more plugs at an outlet

adaptionally adv
adaptacyjnie

adaptive /əˈdæp.tɪv/ adj
adaptacyjny adaptatywny
capable of being adapted or of adapting; susceptible of or undergoing accordant change
of, pertaining to, characterized by or showing adaptation; making or made fit or suitable

adaptively adv
adaptatywnie
in an adaptive manner

adaptiveness n
adaptacyjność adaptatywność przystosowalność przystosowawczość
state or quality of being adaptive

adaptivity n
adaptacyjność przystosowalność przystosowawczość

adaptogen n
adaptogen
herbal substance with a normalizing effect upon body functions

adaptogenic adj
adaptogenny
Being or relating to an adaptogen

adaptometer n
adaptometr
instrument that measures the minimum threshold of brightness that can be detected

adaxial adj
doosiowy
on the side that is towards the axis or central line

adblocker n
program blokujący reklamy
piece of software that removes advertising elements from a web page

add /æd/ v
dodawać dodać
to make an addition; to augment; to increase; to add on
dodać
to append (e.g. a statement); to say further information; to add on
dodać dodawać
to perform the arithmetical operation of addition, to add up

add fuel to the fire v
dolać oliwy do ognia dolewać oliwy do ognia
worsen a conflict

add insult to injury v
na domiar złego
to further a loss with mockery or indignity

add up v
dodawać dodać
take a sum
sumować się
amount to

add-on n
dodatek
software: extension of core application

addend /ˈæd.ɛnd/ n
dodajnik
any of various terms added together
dodajnik składnik
term added to another

addendum /əˈden.dəm/ /əˈdɛn.dəm/ n
addendum
something to be added

adder /ˈædɚ/ n
żmija
viper

adder's tongue n
nasięźrzał
fern of the genus Ophioglossum

addict /əˈdɪkt/ /ˈæd.ɪkt/ n
entuzjasta fanatyk maniak
adherent or fan
nałogowiec uzależniony
person who is addicted, especially to a harmful drug

addiction /əˈdɪkʃən/ n
nałóg uzależnienie
a habit or practice
uzależnienie
the state of being addicted
współuzależnienie
a pathological relationship

addictive /əˈdɪktɪv/ adj
uzależniający
tending to cause addiction

addition /əˈdɪʃ.ən/ [əˈdɪʃ.n̩] n
dodatek
thing added
dodawanie
arithmetic: process of adding
act of adding

addition reaction n
addycja
reaction in which radicals are added to both sides of a double or triple bond

additional /əˈdɪʃənəl/ adj
dodatkowy
Supplemental or added to

additionally adv
ponadto
by way of addition

additive /ˈæ.də.tɪv/ /ˈæ.dɪ.tɪv/ [ˈæ.ɾə.tɪv] [ˈæ.ɾə.ɾɪv] adj
addytywny
genetics
math: that can be added

additive inverse /ˌæd.ə.t̬ɪv ˈɪn.vɝːs/ /ˌæd.ɪ.tɪv ˈɪn.vɜːs/ n
liczba przeciwna
mathematical term

additively adv
addycyjnie addytywnie
in an additive manner

additivity n
addycyjność addytywność
the property of being additive

address /əˈdɹɛs/ /ˈæd.ɹɛs/ n
adres
description of the location of a property; direction for correspondence
computing: location in computer memory
string of characters identifying a location on the internet or other network
formal approach to a sovereign
property
przemowa przemówienie
act of addressing oneself to a person or group

address /əˈdɹɛs/ /ˈæd.ɹɛs/ v
adresować zaadresować
to direct in writing
to direct one’s remarks to someone

address bar n
pasek adresu
bar in a web browser that displays the address

addressable adj
adresowalny

addressee n
adresat
grammar term for words indicating who or what the speaker is addressing
adresat odbiorca adresatka odbiorczyni
person or organization to which something is addressed or sent

addressing /əˈdɹɛsɪŋ/ n
adresacja adresografia
any of several methods of locating and accessing information
adresacja adresografia adresowanie
the process of placing an address on something

addressive adj
adresatywny

addressless adj
bezadresowy

addressograph n
adresarka adresograf

adduct /əˈdʌkt/ /ˈæ.dʌkt/ n
addukt
the product of an addition reaction

adduction /əˈdʌk.ʃn̩/ /ˈeɪ.ˈdiː.dʌk.ʃn̩/ n
addukcja
physiology: action

adductor /əˈdʌktɚ/ n
adduktor przywodziciel
muscle

adelphophagy n
adelfofagia
consumption of one embryo by another in utero

adenine /ˈæ.dəˌniːn/ /ˈæ.dɪˌnɪn/ n
adenina
base that pairs with thymine or uracil

adenocarcinoma n
gruczolakorak
any of several forms of carcinoma that originate in glandular tissue

adenoid /ˈad.ɪn.ɔɪd/ /ˈæd.əˌnɔɪd/ /ˈædˌnɔɪd/ n
adenoid migdałek gardłowy
folds of lymphatic tissue

adenoidal adj
adenoidalny
pertaining to the adenoids

adenoma /ædəˈnoʊmə/ n
gruczolak
benign tumour

adenopathy /æ.dəˈnɑ.pə.θi/ n
adenopatia
any glandular disease

adenosine /əˈdɛnə(ʊ)siːn/ /əˈdɛnəsən/ /əˈdɛnəˌsin/ n
adenozyna
nucleoside

adenosine diphosphate n
adenozynodwufosforan

adenosine monophosphate n
adenozynomonofosforan
nucleotide

adenosine triphosphate n
adenozynotrójfosforan
adenosine triphosphate

adenosinic adj
adenozynowy

adenotomy n
adenotomia

adenoviral adj
adenowirusowy

adenovirus /əˈdɛnəʊˌvaɪɹəs/ n
adenowirus
a virus of the family Adenoviridae

adept /ædˈɛpt/ /əˈdɛpt/ /ˈæd.ɛpt/ adj
biegły
well skilled

adept /ædˈɛpt/ /əˈdɛpt/ /ˈæd.ɛpt/ n
ekspert ekspertka mistrz mistrzyni
one fully skilled or well versed in anything

adequacy n
adekwatność odpowiedniość stosowność
sufficiency

adequate /ˈæ.də.kɪt/ /ˈæd.ə.kwɪt/ /ˈæd.ɪ.kwət/ /ˈæd.ɪˌkweɪt/ adj
adekwatny odpowiedni
equal to some requirement

adequately adv
adekwatnie
in an adequate manner

adequateness n
adekwatność właściwość
meeting needs

adessive adj
adesywny

adhan /ɑːˈðɑːn/ /əˈðɑːn/ n
adhan
(Islam) The call to prayer

adherence /ədˈhɪə.ɹəns/ /ədˈhɪɹ.əns/ n
adherencja
support for a cause

adherent /ædˈ(h)ɪə.ɹənt/ /ædˈ(h)ɪɹ.ənt/ /əd-/ n
popleczniczka poplecznik stronniczka stronnik
a person who has membership in some group

adhesion /ˌædˈhiː.ʒən/ n
adhezja
ability of a substance to stick to an unlike substance
biochemistry: binding of a cell

adhesional adj
adhezyjny

adhesionally adv
adhezyjnie

adhesionless adj
bez adhezji

adhesive tape n
taśma taśma klejąca
adhesive tape generally

adhesively adv
adhezyjnie
in an adhesive manner

adhesiveness n
adhezyjność
the quality of being, or the degree to which a thing is, adhesive

adhocracy /adˈhɒkɹəsi/ /ædˈhɑkɹəsi/ n
adhokracja
organization designed to be flexible and responsive to the needs of the moment

adhocrat /adhəˈkɹat/ /ædhəˈkɹæt/ n
adhokrata

adhocratic /adhəˈkɹatɪk/ /ædhəˈkɹædɪk/ adj
adhokratyczny

adhocratically /adhəˈkɹatɪk(ə)li/ /ædhəˈkɹædɪk(ə)li/ adv
adhokratycznie

adiabat n
adiabata
curve

adiabatic /ˌeɪ.daɪ.əˈbæt.ɪk/ /ˌeɪ.dɪəˈbæt.ɪk/ /ˌæd.ɪəˈbæt.ɪk/ adj
adiabatyczny
occurring without gain or loss of heat

adiabatically adv
adiabatycznie
in an adiabatic way

adiabaticity n
adiabatyczność

adiaphoral adj
adiaforalny adiaforyczny

adiaphorist n
adiaforysta

adiaphoristic adj
adiaforystyczny

adiaphorization n
adiaforyzacja

adiaphoron /ˌædiˈæfəɹən/ n
adiafora

adiathermic adj
adiatermiczny

adimensional adj
bezwymiarowy
without dimensions

adipic adj
adypinowy
of or derived from adipic acid

adipic acid n
kwas adypinowy
crystalline dicarboxylic acid

adipocyte n
adipocyt
type of cell

adipose tissue n
tkanka tłuszczowa
tissue

adit /ˈæ.dɪt/ n
sztolnia
a horizontal or nearly horizontal passage from the surface into a mine

adjacent /əˈd͡ʒeɪ.sənt/ adj
przyległy przylegający
lying next to, close, or contiguous; neighboring

adjectival /ˌædʒɛkˈtaɪ.vəl/ /ˌæd͡ʒəkˈtaɪ.vəl/ /ˌæd͡ʒəˈtaɪ.vəl/ adj
przymiotnikowy adiektywalny adiektywny
functioning as an adjective

adjective /ˈæd͡ʒ.ə.tɪv/ /ˈæd͡ʒ.ək.tɪv/ /ˈæd͡ʒ.ɛk.tɪv/ /ˈæd͡ʒ.ɪk.tɪv/ adj
przymiotnikowy
methods of enforcement and rules of procedure

adjective /ˈæd͡ʒ.ə.tɪv/ /ˈæd͡ʒ.ək.tɪv/ /ˈæd͡ʒ.ɛk.tɪv/ /ˈæd͡ʒ.ɪk.tɪv/ n
przymiotnik adiektyw
(grammar) a word that modifies a noun or describes a noun’s referent

adjective /ˈæd͡ʒ.ə.tɪv/ /ˈæd͡ʒ.ək.tɪv/ /ˈæd͡ʒ.ɛk.tɪv/ /ˈæd͡ʒ.ɪk.tɪv/ v
adiektywizować zadiektywizować
to make an adjective of

adjectiveless adj
bezprzymiotnikowy

adjectivity n
adiektywność
state or condition

adjectivization n
adiektywizacja
the process or result of adjectivizing

adjectivize v
adiektywizować zadiektywizować

adjika n
adżika adżyka
spicy paste from the Caucasus

adjunct professor n
adiunkt adiunktka
college professor

adjunction n
adiunkcja
a form of similarity between a pair of categories mapped to each other by dual morphisms
the act of joining

adjunctive adj
adiunktywny
forming an adjunct

adjust /əˈd͡ʒʌst/ v
dostosować dostosowywać
to modify
poprawić
to improve or rectify

adjustable spanner n
klucz francuski klucz angielski klucz nastawny klucz szwedzki
adjustable hand tool

adjustment /əˈd͡ʒʌst.mənt/ n
regulacja ustawienie
result of adjusting, small change

adjutant /ˈæ.d͡ʒə.tənt/ n
adiutant adiutantka
lower-ranking officer

adjutantship n
adiutantostwo adiutantura

adjutor n
adiutor
a male adjutant, a helper or assistant

adjuvant /ˈæd͡ʒ.ə.vənt/ n
adiuwant
pesticides: additive that enhances the efficacy of pesticides

admin /ədˈmɪn/ /ˈædˌmɪn/ n
admin
systems administrator

administer /ədˈmɪn.ɪ.stə/ /ədˈmɪn.ɪ.stɚ/ v
administrować zarządzać
to work in an administrative capacity; to supervise
aplikować podawać podać zaaplikować zadawać zadać
to cause to take by openly offering or through deceit

administration /ədˌmɪnəˈstɹeɪʃən/ n
administracja
the act of administering
the act of administering or tendering something to another
the executive part of government

administrative /ədˈmɪn.əˌstɹeɪ.tɪv/ /ədˈmɪn.ɪ.stɹə.tɪv/ [ədˈmɪn.əˌstɹeɪ.ɾɪv] [ədˈmɪn.ɪ.st̠ɹ̠̊˔ʷə.tʰɪv] adj
administracyjny
of or relating to administering or administration

administratively adv
administracyjnie
in an administrative manner

administrativeness n
administracyjność

administrator /ədˈmɪnɪstɹeɪtə/ /ədˈmɪnɪstɹeɪtɚ/ n
administrator administratorka
computing: one who responsible for software and maintenance of a computer or network
administrator zarządca administratorka zarządczyni
one who administers affairs
zarządca zarządczyni
law: one to whom the right of administration has been committed

administratorship /ædˈmɪnəstɹeɪtɚʃɪp/ n
administratorstwo

admirable /æd.ˈmaɪ.ɹə.bəl/ /ˈæd.məɹ.ə.bəl/ adj
godny podziwu
deserving of the highest esteem or admiration

admiral /ˈæd.mə.ɹəl/ /ˈæd.mɚ.əl/ n
admirał
naval officer of the highest rank
butterfly
a naval officer of high rank, immediately below Admiral of the Fleet

admiral of the fleet n
admirał floty
top naval rank

admiralship n
admiralstwo
state, property, or office of being an admiral

admiralty /ˈæd.mɪ.ɹəl.ti/ n
admiralicja
office or jurisdiction
building
department or officers

admiration /ˌæd.məˈɹeɪ.ʃən/ n
podziw admiracja
adoration; appreciation

admirational adj
admiracyjny

admire /ədˈmaɪə/ /ədˈmaɪɹ/ /ədˈmʌɪɹ/ v
podziwiać zachwycać się admirować
regard with wonder and delight

admirer /ædˈmaɪɚ.ɹɚ/ /ədˈmaɪ.ɹə/ n
wielbiciel admirator admiratorka wielbicielka
one who admires

admissibility n
dopuszczalność
state or quality

admissible adj
dopuszczalny
capable or deserving to be admitted, accepted or allowed; allowable, permissible, acceptable

admission /ædˈmɪʃ.ən/ n
admisja
the act or practice of admitting

admit /ədˈmɪt/ v
dopuszczać dopuścić wpuszczać wpuścić
to allow to enter; to grant entrance
przyznawać przyznać
to concede as true

admittance /ədˈmɪt.n̩s/ n
admitancja
physics: reciprocal of impedance

admittedly adv
co prawda
by admission

admonition /ˌædməˈnɪʃən/ n
admonicja przestroga upomnienie
gentle or friendly reproof

admonitional adj
admonicyjny

admonitory /ædˈmɑnɪˌtɔɹi/ /ədˈmɑnɪˌtɔɹi/ /ədˈmɒnɪtəɹi/ /ədˈmɒnɪtɹi/ adj
admonicyjny
Of or pertaining to an admonition

adnominal adj
adnominalny
related to words that modify nouns

adnominal case n
przypadek adnominalny

adnominality n
adnominalność

adnominally adv
adnominalnie

adnomination n
adnominacja

adobe /əˈdoʊ.bi/ /əˈdəʊ.bi/ /əˈdəʊb/ n
glinobitka
unburnt brick

adolescence /ˌædəˈlɛsəns/ n
adolescencja młodość wiek dojrzewania
period between childhood and maturity

adolescent /ˌædəˈlɛsənt/ adj
nastoletni adolescencyjny dojrzewający
characteristic of adolescence

adolescent /ˌædəˈlɛsənt/ n
adolescent nastolatek nastolatka
a teenager

adopt /əˈdɑpt/ /əˈdɒpt/ v
adoptować przysposabiać przysposobić zaadoptować
to take by choice into relationship, as, child, heir, friend, citizen

adoption /əˈdɑp.ʃən/ /əˈdɒp.ʃən/ n
adopcja adoptacja przysposobienie usynowienie
act of adopting, or state of being adopted

adoptionism n
adopcjanizm
form of Christianity which maintains that Jesus is divine only in the sense that God adopted him

adoptive /əˈdɒptɪv/ adj
adopcyjny
related through adoption

adoptive father n
ojciec adopcyjny
man who has adopted a child

adorably /əˈdɔɹəbli/ adv
uroczo
in an adorable manner

adoration /ˌæ.dəˈɹeɪ.ʃən/ n
adoracja
an act of religious worship
admiration or esteem

adorational adj
adoracyjny

adorationally adv
adoracyjnie

adore /əˈdo(ː)ɹ/ /əˈdoə̯/ /əˈdɔɹ/ /əˈdɔː/ v
uwielbiać adorować ubóstwiać
love with entire heart and soul
uwielbiać adorować wielbić
worship

adorer n
adorator adoratorka
someone who adores

adorn /əˈdɔɹn/ /əˈdɔː(ɹ)n/ v
ozdabiać dekorować adornować
to make more beautiful and attractive; to decorate

adornment n
adornacja ozdoba
a decoration; that which adorns

adposition /ˈæd.pəˌzɪ.ʃən/ n
przyimek
element combining with a phrase and indicating how to interpret the phrase in the context

adrenal /æˈdɹiːnəl/ adj
nadnerczowy
pertaining to adrenal glands

adrenal gland n
nadnercze
endocrine gland situated above the kidney

adrenaline /əˈdɹɛnəlɪn/ n
adrenalina
the compound epinephrine
excitement

adrenaline junkie n
adrenalinowiec
one who is addicted with the sensation of risky, exciting situations

adrenalinic adj
adrenalinowy

adrenalinogenic adj
adrenalinotwórczy

adrenergic adj
adrenergiczny
containing or releasing adrenaline

adrenergically adv
adrenergicznie

adrenocorticotrophin n
adrenokortykotropina

adrenocorticotropic adj
adrenokortykotropowy
that stimulates the adrenal cortex

adrenocorticotropic hormone n
adrenokortykotropina

adsorb /ədˈsɔːb/ /ədˈzɔːb/ v
adsorbować zaadsorbować
to accumulate on a surface

adsorbable adj
adsorbowalny
able to be adsorbed

adsorbate /ədˈsɔːbeɪt/ n
adsorbat
substance that has been adsorbed

adsorbent n
adsorbent
substance on which the adsorbate accumulates

adsorber n
adsorber
something which adsorbs

adsorption n
adsorpcja
process of forming a film on the surface of a solid

adsorptional /ædˈzɔɹpʃənəl/ adj
adsorpcyjny

adsorptionally adv
adsorpcyjnie

adstratal adj
adstratowy

adstratum n
adstrat
Any language having elements that are responsible for change in neighbouring languages

adularia n
adular
variety of orthoclase feldspar

adulatory /ˈædjʊlət(ə)ɹi/ /ˈædjʊləˌtɔɹi/ /ˌædjʊˈleɪtəɹi/ adj
pochlebczy
exhibiting adulation

adult /əˈdʌlt/ /ˈæd.əlt/ /ˈæd.ʌlt/ adj
dla dorosłych
intended for adults
dorosły dorosła
fully grown

adult /əˈdʌlt/ /ˈæd.əlt/ /ˈæd.ʌlt/ n
dorosły dorosła osoba dorosła
fully grown human

adulterer /əˈdʌltəɹə/ /əˈdʌltəɹɚ/ n
cudzołożnik cudzołożnica
husband or wife who commits adultery

adulteress n
cudzołożnica
woman or girl who commits adultery

adulterous /əˈdʌltəɹəs/ adj
cudzołożny pozamałżeński
of or characterized by adultery

adultery /əˈdʌltəɹi/ n
cudzołóstwo zdrada małżeńska
sexual intercourse by a married person with someone other than their spouse

adulthood n
dorosłość
time of life

advance /ədˈvaːns/ /ədˈvæns/ /ədˈvɑːns/ n
awans zaliczka
amount of money
awanse
opening approach

advance /ədˈvaːns/ /ədˈvæns/ /ədˈvɑːns/ v
awansować zaawansować
to raise to a higher rank; to promote
postąpić
to accelerate the growth or progress; to further; to forward
to bring forward; to move towards the front; to make to go on
zaawansować
to furnish, as money or other value, before it becomes due

advance payment n
akonto awans zadatek zaliczka
part of a contractually due sum

advanced /ədˈvænst/ /ədˈvɑːnst/ adj
zaawansowany
at or close to state of the art
in a late stage of development or education; having greatly progressed beyond an initial stage

advantage /ədˈvæn.(t)ɪd͡ʒ/ /ədˈvɑːn.tɪd͡ʒ/ n
awantaż przewaga
superiority; mastery
korzyść
superiority of state, or that which gives it
przewaga
the score where one player wins a point after deuce
zaleta korzyść
any condition, circumstance, opportunity, or means, particularly favorable to success

advantageous /ˌædvənˈteɪd͡ʒəs/ adj
korzystny awantażowny
being of advantage

advantageously adv
awantażownie korzystnie
in an advantageous manner

advection /ædˈvɛkʃən/ n
adwekcja
The horizontal movement of a body of atmosphere (or other fluid) along with a concurrent transport of its temperature, humidity etc.
The transport of a scalar by bulk fluid motion

advection fog n
mgła adwekcyjna
A type of fog caused by the passage of moist air horizontally over a relatively colder surface and the consequent cooling of that air to below its dew point

advectional adj
adwekcyjny

advectively adv
adwekcyjnie

advent /ˈæd.vənt/ /ˈæd.vɛnt/ v
nadejście
coming, arrival

adventure /ædˈvɛnt͡ʃɚ/ /ədˈvɛnt͡ʃə/ /ədˈvɛnt͡ʃɚ/ n
przygoda awantura
encountering of risks
przygoda wydarzenie
remarkable occurrence
przypadek wypadek przygoda
that which happens without design

adventure game n
gra przygodowa przygodówka
video game genre

adventureless adj
bez przygód

adventurer /ædˈvɛn.t͡ʃɚ.ɚ/ n
awanturnik awanturnica
one who enjoys adventures

adventurous /ædˈvɛn.t͡ʃɚ.ʌs/ adj
ryzykowny
full of hazard
żądny przygód awanturniczy zawadiacki śmiały
inclined to adventure

adventurously adv
awanturniczo

adventurousness n
awanturnictwo awanturniczość
quality of being adventurous

adverb /ˈæd.vɜːb/ /ˈæd.vɝb/ n
przysłówek adverbium adwerbium
lexical category

adverbial /ædˈvɝbi.əl/ /ədˈvɜːbi.əl/ adj
przysłówkowy adwerbialny
of or relating to an adverb

adverbial /ædˈvɝbi.əl/ /ədˈvɜːbi.əl/ n
okolicznik
grammar: word or phrase modifying a verb

adverbial clause n
zdanie okolicznikowe
a subordinate clause that functions as an adverb within a main clause

adverbial participle n
imiesłów przysłówkowy
linguistic sense

adverbiality n
adwerbalność adwerbialność przyczasownikowość przysłówkowość
condition

adverbialization n
adwerbializacja
the process of adverbializing

adverbially adv
adwerbalnie adwerbialnie przyczasownikowo przysłówkowo
as an adverb

adverbless adj
bez przysłówków

adversary /ædˈvɜː.sə.ɹi/ /ədˈvɜː.sə.ɹi/ /ˈæd.və.s(ə)ɹi/ /ˈæd.və.sɛɹi/ /ˈæd.vəɹ.sɛɹi/ n
przeciwnik przeciwniczka adwersarz adwersarka oponent oponentka
opponent

adversative adj
adwersatywny
expressing opposition or difference

adverse /ədˈvɜ(ɹ)s/ /ˈæd.və(ɹ)s/ adj
niekorzystny niepomyślny niesprzyjający
contrary, hostile
unfavourable

adverse effect n
skutek uboczny
side-effect, especially a negative one in pharmacology

adverse possession n
zasiedzenie
legal principle

advertise /ˈadvə(ɹ)taɪz/ /ˈædvɚtaɪz/ v
ogłaszać
(intransitive) to provide information about a person or goods and services to influence others
ogłaszać ogłosić
(transitive) to give public notice of; to announce publicly
reklamować
(transitive) to provide public information about (a product, services etc.)

advertisement /ədˈvɜːtɪsmənt/ /ədˈvɝtɪzmənt/ /ˈædvəˌtaɪzmənt/ /ˈædvəˌtɪzmənt/ /ˈædvɚˌtaɪzmənt/ /ˌædvəˈtʌɪzmənt/ n
anons ogłoszenie
public notice
reklama ogłoszenie anons inserat
commercial solicitation

advertiser /ˈædvɚˌtaɪzɚ/ n
ogłoszeniodawca reklamodawca
one who advertises

advertising /ˈædvəˌtaɪzɪŋ/ /ˈædvɚˌtaɪzɪŋ/ n
reklama
communication
industry or profession

advertising agency n
agencja reklamowa
business which handles advertising

advice /ædˈvaɪs/ /ədˈvaɪs/ n
rada porada wskazówka
opinion recommended or offered, as worthy to be followed; counsel

adviceless adj
bez rad

advise /ədˈvaɪz/ v
poradzić radzić
to give advice to; to offer an opinion; to counsel; to warn

advisor /ædˈvaɪ.zə(ɹ)/ /ædˈvaɪ.zɚ/ n
doradca doradczyni konsultant konsultantka

advisory /ədˈvaɪzəɹi/ adj
doradczy
able to give advice

advocaat /ˈadvəkɑː/ n
adwokat ajerkoniak jajecznik
liqueur

advocacy /æd.ˈvoʊ.kə.si/ /ˈæd.və.kə.si/ n
adwokatura
the profession of an advocate

advocate /ˈæd.və.keɪt/ /ˈæd.və.kət/ n
adwokat adwokatka
person who speaks in support of something
someone whose job is to speak for someone's case in a court of law
adwokat obrońca adwokatka
person who argues the case of another

advocate /ˈæd.və.keɪt/ /ˈæd.və.kət/ v
adwokatować
argue for
encourage support for

adware n
adware oprogramowanie reklamowe
software application

adynamia n
adynamia
loss of strength due to a disease

adynamic adj
adynamiczny
without strength or vigor

adytum /ˈadətəm/ /ˈadɪtəm/ [-ɾəm] n
adyton
innermost sanctuary or shrine in an ancient temple

adze /ædz/ n
ciesak cieślica ciosła cioska topór ciesielski
cutting tool

adzelike adj
podobny do ciosły

aedicula n
aedicula edykuł
painted framed niche

aedile /ˈiːdaɪl/ n
edyl
elected official in Ancient Rome

aegicrane n
aegikranion

aegis /ˈiːd͡ʒɪs/ n
egida
guidance, protection
mythological shield

aeolian /iˈoʊ.li.ən/ /iˈoʊl.jən/ adj
eoliczny
carried, deposited or eroded by the wind
of, or relating to the wind

aeolian harp n
harfa eolska
type of harp

aequorin n
akworyna
a photoprotein isolated from luminescent jellyfish

aerate /ˈɛːreɪt/ v
napowietrzać napowietrzyć
to supply with oxygen or air

aeration /ɛːˈreɪʃ(ə)n/ n
aeracja
the circulation of air

aerational adj
aeracyjny

aerator n
aerator
a device which mixes air with a substance

aerenchyma n
aerenchyma miękisz powietrzny tkanka powietrzna
airy tissue found in the roots of aquatic plants

aerial /eɪˈɛəɹɪəl/ /eɪˈɪəɹɪəl/ /ˈɛəɹiəl/ /ˈɛəɹɪəl/ /ˈɛɹiəl/ adj
powietrzny
taking place in the air

aerial /eɪˈɛəɹɪəl/ /eɪˈɪəɹɪəl/ /ˈɛəɹiəl/ /ˈɛəɹɪəl/ /ˈɛɹiəl/ n
antena
device for receiving or transmitting

aerial ladder n
autodrabina

aerial photography n
aerofotografia
photographs taken by this means, collectively
taking photographs from the air

aerial survey n
aerofoto aerofotogrametria

aerification n
aeracja

aero- prefix
aero-
air; aircraft

aeroacoustic adj
aeroakustyczny

aeroacoustics n
aeroakustyka

aerobe n
aerob aerobiont oksybiont tlenowiec
organism that can tolerate the presence of oxygen

aerobic /ɛəˈɹoʊ.bɪk/ /ɛəˈɹəʊ.bɪk/ adj
aerobikowy aerobowy
of or relating to aerobics
aerobowy tlenowy
involving or improving oxygen consumption by the body
living or occurring only in the presence of oxygen

aerobically adv
aerobowo
In an aerobic manner

aerobicity n
aerobowość

aerobics /əˈɹoʊbɪks/ n
aerobik
exercise for cardiovascular fitness

aerobiologic adj
aerobiologiczny
pertaining to aerobiology

aerobiology n
aerobiologia
study of the dispersion of airborne biological materials

aerobiontic adj
aerobiontyczny

aerobiosis n
aerobioza
form of life that is sustained by the presence of air

aerobiotic adj
aerobiotyczny

aerocartograph n
aerokartograf

aerocartographic adj
aerokartograficzny

aeroclub n
aeroklub
aeroclub

aerodrome n
aerodrom lotnisko
airfield

aerodynamic adj
aerodynamiczny
aerodynamic

aerodynamical adj
aerodynamiczny
aerodynamic

aerodynamically adv
aerodynamicznie
In an aerodynamic manner

aerodynamicist n
aerodynamik
person who studies aerodynamics

aerodynamicity n
aerodynamiczność

aerodynamics n
aerodynamika
The science of the dynamics of bodies moving relative to gases

aerodyne n
aerodyna
heavier-than-air aircraft

aeroelastic adj
aeroelastyczny aerosprężysty
of or pertaining to aeroelasticity

aeroelasticity n
aeroelastyczność aerosprężystość
scientific study of the effect of aerodynamic loads on structures.

aerogel n
aerożel
ultralight solid-state substance

aerogram n
aerogram
foldable and gummed paper for writing a letter

aerohydrodynamic adj
aerohydrodynamiczny

aerolite /ˈɛə.ɹə.laɪt/ n
aerolit
a meteorite consisting of silicate minerals

aerological adj
aerologiczny

aerologist n
aerolog
one who studies aerology

aerology /ɛəˈɹɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/ /ɛɚˈɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/ n
aerologia
branch of meteorology

aeromagnetic adj
aeromagnetyczny
pertaining to aeromagnetics

aeromancy /ˈeə.ɹə.mæn.si/ n
aeromancja
divination by use of atmospheric conditions

aeromechanical adj
aeromechaniczny

aeromechanics n
aeromechanika
branch of mechanics

aerometer n
aerometr
instrument used to measure mass and density of gases

aerometric adj
aerometryczny
relating to the measurement of a physical property of air

aerometry n
aerometria
the science of measuring the air

aeronaut /ˈɛəɹəˌnɔːt/ /ˈɛɹəˌnɑt/ /ˈɛɹəˌnɔt/ n
aeronauta aeronautka
one who glides through the air in an airship

aeronautic /ˌɛəɹəˈnɔːtɪk/ adj
lotniczy aeronautyczny
having to do with aerial navigation

aeronautical adj
aeronautyczny lotniczy
pertaining to the scientific study of flight

aeronautics /ˌɛə.ɹəʊˈnɔː.tɪks/ /ˌɛɚ.oʊˈnɑ.tɪks/ /ˌɛɚ.oʊˈnɔ.tɪks/ [ˌɛɚ.oʊˈnɑ.ɾɪks] [ˌɛɚ.oʊˈnɔ.ɾɪks] n
aeronautyka lotnictwo
mechanics and science of aircraft
theory and practice of aircraft navigation

aeronavigation n
aeronawigacja
aerial navigation

aeronavigational adj
aeronawigacyjny

aeronomic adj
aeronomiczny

aeronomy n
aeronomia
study of the upper atmosphere

aerophagy n
aerofagia
the swallowing of air

aerophobia n
aerofobia
aversion to air

aerophone n
aerofon
musical instrument

aerophonic adj
aerofoniczny

aerophore n
aerofor
predecessor of the aqualung

aerophotographic adj
aerofotograficzny

aeroplankton n
aeroplankton

aeroponic adj
aeroponiczny
pertaining to aeroponics

aeroponics n
aeroponika
the growing of plants in a mist-laden atmosphere

aerosanitary adj
aerosanitarny

aeroscope n
aeroskop
compressed air camera
device used to collect dust particles, spores etc from the air for subsequent analysis

aerosol /ˈɛə.ɹəˌsɒl/ /ˈɛɚ.əˌsɑl/ /ˈɛɚ.əˌsɔl/ n
aerozol aerosol
fine solid particles or liquid droplets suspended in a gaseous medium

aerosol /ˈɛə.ɹəˌsɒl/ /ˈɛɚ.əˌsɑl/ /ˈɛɚ.əˌsɔl/ v
aerosolować aerozolować

aerosol can n
aerosol aerozol
pressurized canister

aerosolic adj
aerozolowy

aerostat n
aerostat
aircraft
balloon

aerostatic /ˌeɪəɹə(ʊ)ˈstætɪk/ adj
aerostatyczny
pertaining to aerial navigation

aerostatics n
aerostatyka
study of gases in equilibrium

aerotherapeutic adj
aeroterapeutyczny

aerotherapy n
aeroterapia

aerothermal adj
aerotermiczny

aerothermodynamics n
aerotermodynamika gazodynamika
scientific study of the thermodynamic properties of gases

aerotriangulation n
aerotriangulacja

aerotropism n
aerotropizm
growth of an organism either towards, or away from a region of higher oxygen content

aesthete /ˈiːs.θiːt/ /ˈɛs.θiːt/ n
esteta estetka
someone who cultivates an unusually high sensitivity to beauty, as in art or nature

aesthetic /esˈθet.ɪk/ /iːsˈθet.ɪk/ /iːsˈθɛt.ɪk/ /əsˈθɛt.ɪk/ /ɛsˈθɛt.ɪk/ /ɪsˈθɛt.ɪk/ /ɪsˈθɛtɪk/ adj
estetyczny
concerned with beauty

aesthetic /esˈθet.ɪk/ /iːsˈθet.ɪk/ /iːsˈθɛt.ɪk/ /əsˈθɛt.ɪk/ /ɛsˈθɛt.ɪk/ /ɪsˈθɛt.ɪk/ /ɪsˈθɛtɪk/ n
estetyka estetyzm
that which appeals to the senses

aesthetically adv
estetycznie
in an aesthetic manner

aestheticism n
estetyzm
doctrine which holds aesthetics as the highest ideal

aesthetics /ɛsˈtɛt.ɪks/ /ɛsˈθɛt.ɪks/ n
estetyka
study or philosophy of beauty

aetiology /i.tiˈɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/ /iː.tɪˈɒ.lə.dʒi/ n
etiologia
study of causes or origins

afar /əˈfɑɹ/ /əˈfɑː/ adv
w oddali
at, to or from a great distance

affable /ˈæf.ə.bəl/ adj
arcymiły sympatyczny
friendly, courteous, sociable
życzliwy
mild; benign

affably /ˈæfəbli/ adv
arcymile arcymiło
in an affable manner

affair /əˈfɛə/ /əˈfɛɚ/ /əˈfɛɹ/ n
romans
adulterous relationship
sprawa
that which is done or is to be done

affairless adj
bez romansów

affect /ˈæ.fɛkt/ n
afekt
psychology: feeling in response to a stimulus

affect /əˈfɛkt/ v
afektować
to move to emotion
zaafektować
to infect or harm
afektować
to feel affection for; to like, be fond of

affectation /ˌæf.ɛkˈteɪ.ʃən/ n
afektacja
an attempt to assume or exhibit what is not natural or real

affectational adj
afektacyjny

affectationally adv
afektacyjnie

affected /əˈfɛktɪd/ adj
afektowany
simulated in order to impress
dotknięty
influenced or changed by something
dotknięty poruszony
emotionally moved, touched
egzaltowany pretensjonalny
behaving or speaking in an artificial or insincere manner

affectedly adv
afektowanie
in an affected manner

affecter n
afektant
person who affects to know or be something

affection /əˈfɛk.t͡ʃən/ /əˈfɛk.ʃən/ n
afekcja
morbid symptom
afekt
feeling of love or strong attachment
state of being affected

affectional adj
afektowny

affectionate /əˈfɛkʃənət/ adj
czuły kochający
loving
indicating love

affectionately /əˈfɛkʃənətli/ adv
czule
in an affectionate manner

affective /əˈfɛktɪv/ adj
afektywny
emotional; emotionally charged
relating to, resulting from, or influenced by the emotions

affectively adv
afektywnie
in an affective way

affectiveness n
afektywność

affidavit /-ævɪt/ /ˌæfɪˈdeɪvɪt/ n
affidavit
legal, signed document wherein an affiant makes a sworn statement

affiliate /əˈfɪl.i.eɪt/ /əˈfɪl.i.ət/ v
afiliować
to attach (to) or unite (with)

affiliate marketing n
marketing afiliacyjny
form of marketing where an advertiser uses an affiliate network

affiliation /əˌfɪliˈeɪʃən/ n
afiliacja powiązanie
The relationship resulting from affiliating one thing with another
afiliacja związek
A club, society or umbrella organisation so formed, especially a trade union

affination n
afinacja
process in which molasses is removed from sugar

affine /əˈfaɪn/ adj
afiniczny
pertaining to a kind of function that generalises a linear transformation

affine group n
grupa afiniczna
the group of all affine transformations

affinity /əˈfɪnɪti/ n
bliskość
natural attraction or feeling of kinship to a person or thing
powinowactwo
family relationship through marriage of a relative (e.g. sister-in-law), as opposed to consanguinity
kinsman or kinswoman of such relationship

affirm /əˈfɜːm/ /əˈfɝm/ v
afirmować
to support or encourage
afirmować potwierdzać potwierdzić
to agree with or verify

affirmation /æfɝˈmeɪʃn/ n
afirmacja
that which is affirmed
autosuggestion

affirmative /əˈfɜːmətɪv/ /əˈfɝmətɪv/ adj
afirmatywny afirmacyjny
positive

affirmatively adv
afirmatywnie
In an affirming manner

affirmer n
afirmatysta
one who affirms

affix /əˈfɪks/ /ˈæf.ɪks/ n
afiks zrostek formant
linguistics: a bound morpheme added to a word’s stem

affixal adj
afiksalny
as an affix

affixation n
afiksacja
addition of an affix

afflatus /-ɾəs/ /əˈfleɪtəs/ n
inspiracja natchnienie wena
sudden rush of creative impulse or inspiration

affliction /əˈflɪkʃən/ n
cierpienie afekcja przypadłość
a state of pain, suffering, distress or agony

affluence /ˈæf.lu.əns/ n
bogactwo dostatek
abundance of wealth

affluent /æˈfluːənt/ /əˈfluːənt/ /ˈæf.lu.ənt/ /ˈæfluːənt/ adj
zamożny
abounding in goods or riches; materially wealthy

affluently adv
bogato
in an affluent manner

afford /əˈfo(ː)ɹd/ /əˈfoəd/ /əˈfoɹd/ /əˈfɔːd/ [əˈfo̞ɹd] v
pozwalać pozwolić
to incur, stand, or bear

affordability n
przystępność
the extent to which something is affordable

affordable /əˈfɔɹ.də.bəl/ /əˈfɔː(ɹ).də.bəl/ adj
przystępny niedrogi
able to be afforded

affordance n
afordancja dostarczant
A potential action that is made possible by a given object or environment

afforest /əˈfɒɹɪst/ /əˈfɔɹɪst/ v
zalesiać zalesić
make into a forest

afforestation n
zalesianie zalesienie
creating a forest

affricate /ˈæf.ɹə.keɪt/ /ˈæf.ɹə.kət/ /ˈæf.ɹɪ.keɪt/ /ˈæf.ɹɪ.kət/ n
afrykata spółgłoska zwarto-szczelinowa
sound

affront /əˈfɹʌnt/ n
afront awania
open or intentional offense, slight, or insult

affront /əˈfɹʌnt/ v
afrontować
to insult intentionally, especially openly

afghani /æfˈɡɑːni/ n
afgani
national currency of Afghanistan

aflatoxin n
aflatoksyna
poison

aforementioned /əˈfɔɹˌmɛn.ʃənd/ /əˈfɔːˌmɛn.ʃənd/ /ˈæfɚˌmɛn.ʃənd/ adj
powyżej wspomniany wcześniej wspomniany wyżej wspomniany wyżej wymieniony
previously mentioned

aforesaid /əˈfɔɹsɛd/ adj
ww. wyżej wspomniany wyżej wymieniony
previously stated

aforethought /əˈfɔɹ.θɑt/ /əˈfɔɹ.θɔt/ /əˈfɔː.θɔːt/ adj
rozmyślny z premedytacją
premeditated; planned ahead of time

afraid /əˈfɹeɪd/ adj
bać się obawiać się
impressed with fear or apprehension; in fear; apprehensive

afro /ˈæf.ɹoʊ/ n
afro
hairstyle

aftcastle n
kasztel
raised part of the upper deck

after /ˈaf.tə(ɹ)/ /ˈæ.tə(ɹ)/ /ˈæf.tɚ/ /ˈɑː.tə(ɹ)/ /ˈɑːf.tə(ɹ)/ adv
potem
behind; later in time; following

after /ˈaf.tə(ɹ)/ /ˈæ.tə(ɹ)/ /ˈæf.tɚ/ /ˈɑː.tə(ɹ)/ /ˈɑːf.tə(ɹ)/ preposition
po
subsequently; following in time; later than
next in importance or rank
in spite of
po w stylu
in allusion to, in imitation of; following or referencing
za
behind
as a result of
in pursuit of, seeking

after all
jednak
in the end, however
w końcu przecież
anyway, in any case

after dark
po zmroku
after nightfall, at night

after the fact /ˌæftɚ ðə ˈfækt/ /ˌɑːftə ðə ˈfækt/
po fakcie
too late

after you phraseologicalUnit
proszę
polite invitation for another to go first

after-party /ˈæftɚˌpɑɹti/ /ˈɑːftəpɑːti/ n
after afterek afterka afterparty
party that takes place after another party

afterbrain n
rdzeniomózgowie
part of brain

aftereffect /ˈæftəɹ.əˌfɛkt/ /ˈɑːftəɹ.ɪˌfɛkt/ n
efekt konsekwencja
delayed effect

afterfeather n
przypiórko
downy lower barbs of a feather

afterglow n
poświata
light emitted by a phosphor after excitation
poświata zorza wieczorna
glow in the sky after sunset

aftergrass n
otawa potraw
grass that grows after the first crop

afterlife /ˈæftɚˌlaɪf/ /ˈɑːftəˌlaɪf/ n
życie pozagrobowe zaświaty
a conscious existence after death

aftermath /ˈæf.tə.ˌmæθ/ /ˈæf.tɚ.ˌmæθ/ /ˈɑːf.tə.ˌmɑːθ/ n
następstwo pokłosie
that which happens after, that which follows
otawa potraw
second mowing

afternoon /af.təɾˈnʉːn/ /ˌæf.tɚ.ˈnun/ /ˌɑːf.tə.ˈnuːn/ n
popołudnie
part of the day between noon and evening

afternoon tea n
podwieczorek
formal afternoon meal
light meal or snack taken in the mid to late afternoon

afterpeak n
achterpik afterpik skrajnik rufowy
compartment nearest the stern in the hold of a ship

aftersale adj
posprzedażny posprzedażowy

aftertaste n
posmak
The persistence of the taste of something no longer present

afterwards /ˈæf.tɚ.wɚdz/ /ˈɑːftə.wədz/ adv
potem później
at a later or succeeding time

afterword n
posłowie
epilogue

afterworld n
zaświaty
supposed world that is entered after death

again /əˈɡeɪn/ /əˈɡɛn/ [əˈɡɪn] adv
znowu znów ponownie od nowa apiać jeszcze raz
another time

again and again adv
raz po raz wielokrotnie
repeatedly

against /əˈɡeɪnst/ /əˈɡɛ(ɪ)nst/ /əˈɡɛnst/ preposition
o
in physical contact with
przeciw pod
in a contrary direction to
przeciw przeciwko
in opposition to
przeciwko z
in competition with

against all odds
na przekór wszystkiemu wbrew wszystkim przeciwnościom
despite seemingly insurmountable opposition or probability

against the clock
walczyć z czasem
in a time-restricted manner

against the grain /əˈɡɛnst ðə ɡɹeɪn/
pod prąd pod wiatr pod włos
contrary to what is expected

agalmatolite n
agalmatolit pagodyt
soft, compact stone

agamospermy n
agamospermia
asexual production of embryos and seeds

agamy n
agamia
absence of marriage
asexual reproduction

agape /əˈɡɑː.peɪ/ /ˈæɡ.ɑˌpeɪ/ /ˈæɡ.ə.pi/ /ˈæɡ.əˌpeɪ/ n
agapa agape
(Christianity) love of God for mankind; benevolent love for others
love feast
agape agapa
spiritual, altruistic, beneficial love

agar /ˈeɪ.ɡɑː/ /ˈeɪ.ɡə/ /ˈeɪˌɡɑɹ/ /ˈæ.ɡɚ/ /ˈɑˌ.ɡɑɹ/ n
agar-agar agar
material

agate /ˈæɡ.ət/ /ˈæɡ.ɪt/ n
agat
mineral

agathodaemon n
agatodajmon
good spirit

agathology n
dobrologia
the science or theory of the good

agave /əˈɡeɪviː/ /əˈɡɑːveɪ/ n
agawa
genus

age /eɪd͡ʒ/ n
epoka era wiek
particular period of time in history
era wiek
great period in the history of the Earth
pełnoletniość dorosłość
time of life at which one attains full personal rights and capacities
pokolenie
generation
starość wiek
advanced period of life; latter part of life
wiek
part of the duration of a being or thing between its beginning and any given time
wiek etap
one of the stages of life
życie wiek
whole duration of a being

age /eɪd͡ʒ/ v
postarzać
transitive: cause to grow old
starzeć się
intransitive: become old

age before beauty phraseologicalUnit
starsi przodem
Translations

age like a fine wine v
starzeć się dobrze

age of consent n
wiek przyzwolenia
an age at which one is legally mature enough to have sex

age of majority n
pełnoletniość pełnoletność
age at which the rights and privileges of an adult are legally granted

age of reason n
wiek rozumu
age at which a person is able to distinguish right from wrong
age at which a person is morally liable for the sins that he or she commits

age-mate n
jednolatek jednolatka rówieśnica rówieśniczka rówieśnik
one who is the same age as another

aged /eɪdʒd/ /ˈeɪ.dʒɪd/ adj
sędziwy
old

ageism /ˈeɪd͡ʒ.ɪz.əm̩/ /ˈeɪd͡ʒ.ɪzm̩/ n
ageizm
the treating of a person or people differently from others based on assumptions or stereotypes relating to their age

ageless adj
bezczasowy wiecznie młody
youthful

agency /ˈeɪ.d͡ʒən.si/ n
agencja
establishment engaged in doing business for another
office of an agent, or relation between a principal and his agent
government office
sprawczość
capacity of acting or of exerting power

agenda /əˈd͡ʒɛn.də/ n
agenda porządek dzienny
list of matters to be taken up
temporally organized plan

agenesis /eɪˈd͡ʒɛnəsɪs/ n
agenezja
imperfect development of the body

agent /ˈeɪ.d͡ʒənt/ /ˈeɪ.d͡ʒɛnt/ n
agens
grammar: performer of the action in a sentence
agent
computing: part of the system that performs action on behalf of a client or server
agent agentka
someone who works for an intelligence agency
czynnik środek
active power or cause
pełnomocnik plenipotent
one who acts in place of another

agent noun n
wykonawca czasownika
noun that denotes an agent

agent provocateur /ˈeɪ.dʒənt ˌpɹəʊ.vɒk.æ.tʊə(ɹ)/ n
prowokator
a person who disrupts a group's activities from within

agential adj
agencyjny
pertaining to an agent or an agency

agentially adv
agencyjnie

agglomerate /əˈɡlɑ.mɚˌeɪt/ /əˈɡlɑm(ə)ɹət/ /əˈɡlɒm(ə)ɹət/ /əˈɡlɒm(ə)ˌɹeɪt/ n
aglomerat
collection or mass
geology

agglomerate /əˈɡlɑ.mɚˌeɪt/ /əˈɡlɑm(ə)ɹət/ /əˈɡlɒm(ə)ɹət/ /əˈɡlɒm(ə)ˌɹeɪt/ v
aglomerować

agglomeration n
aglomeracja
extended city area
act of collecting in a mass
state of being collected in a mass

agglomerational adj
aglomeracyjny

agglutinate /əˈɡluːtɪneɪt/ /əˈɡluːtɪnət/ v
aglutynować
linguistics: to form through agglutination
to unite with or as with glue

agglutination n
aglutynacja
clumping together of red blood cells or bacteria
combination in which root words are united with little or no change of form or loss of meaning

agglutinative /əˈɡluːtɪnətɪv/ adj
aglutynacyjny
having words derived by combining parts

agglutinatively adv
aglutynacyjnie

agglutinativeness n
aglutynacyjność

agglutinin /əˈɡluːtɪnɪn/ [əˈɡluːʔn̩ɪn] n
aglutynina
substance that causes cells to clump

agglutinogen n
aglutynogen
antigen

aggradation n
agradacja akumulacja depozycja namywanie nanoszenie
increase in land elevation due to the deposition of sediment

aggradational adj
akumulacyjny
pertaining to or formed by aggradation

aggravating circumstance n
okoliczność obciążająca
a factor that increases the culpability or deleterious consequences of a wrongful act

aggregate /ˈæɡ.ɹɪ.ɡət/ /ˈæɡ.ɹɪˌɡeɪt/ adj
zbiorczy
Formed by a collection of particulars into a whole mass or sum

aggregate /ˈæɡ.ɹɪ.ɡət/ /ˈæɡ.ɹɪˌɡeɪt/ n
agregat
a mass formed by the union of homogeneous particles
a mass, assemblage, or sum of particulars
kruszywo
solid particles of low aspect ratio added to a composite material

aggregate /ˈæɡ.ɹɪ.ɡət/ /ˈæɡ.ɹɪˌɡeɪt/ v
sumować zsumować zsumowywać
To bring together; to collect into a mass or sum

aggregation /æɡɹəˈɡeɪʃən/ n
agregacja
act of aggregating, or state of being aggregated
collection into a mass or sum
agregat
aggregate

aggregational adj
agregatowy

aggregative adj
agregatowy
by or of aggregation

aggression /əˈɡɹɛʃən/ n
agresja
act of initiating hostilities or invasion
the practice or habit of launching attacks

aggressive /əˈɡɹɛs.ɪv/ adj
agresywny napastliwy wojowniczy
tending or disposed to aggress

aggressively adv
agresywnie
in an aggressive manner

aggressiveness n
agresywność
state or quality being aggressive

aggressor n
agresor agresorka
the person or country that first attacks or makes an aggression

agile /ˈæd͡ʒ.aɪl/ /ˈæd͡ʒ.əl/ adj
zwinny zręczny
having the faculty of quick motion in the limbs

agilely /ˈæd͡ʒ.aɪl.li/ /ˈæd͡ʒ.ə.li/ /ˈæd͡ʒ.əl.li/ adv
zręcznie zwinnie
in an agile manner

agility /əˈd͡ʒɪl.ə.ti/ /əˈd͡ʒɪl.ɪ.ti/ n
zwinność zręczność
quality of being agile

aging /ˈeɪ.d͡ʒɪŋ/ n
starzenie
the process of becoming older or more mature

agitate /ˈæ.d͡ʒɪ.teɪt/ v
agitować
to move or actuate

agitation /ad͡ʒɪˈteɪʃ(ə)n/ /æ.d͡ʒɪˈteɪ.ʃən/ n
agitacja
excitement of public feeling
act of agitating

agitational adj
agitacyjny

agitationally adv
agitacyjnie

agitator n
agitator agitatorka
one who agitates
mieszadło
implement for shaking or mixing

agnate /ˈæɡneɪt/ adj
agnacki
related by male connections

agnate /ˈæɡneɪt/ n
agnat agnatka
relative whose relation is traced only through male members of the family

agnatic /æɡˈnætɪk/ adj
agnacyjny
of the male bloodline

agnation n
agnacja agnatyzm
consanguinity by a line of males

agnosia /æɡ.ˈnoʊ.ʒə/ n
agnozja
inability to recognize objects

agnostic /aɡˈnɒstɪk/ /æɡˈnɑstɪk/ adj
agnostyczny agnostycystyczny
of or relating to agnosticism

agnostic /aɡˈnɒstɪk/ /æɡˈnɑstɪk/ n
agnostyk agnostyczka
one who holds to a form of agnosticism.

agnostically adv
agnostycznie
in an agnostic manner

agnosticism /æɡˈnɑstɪsɪzəm/ /æɡˈnɒstɪsɪzəm/ n
agnostycyzm
view that the existence of a God or gods is unknown, unknowable, unproven, or unprovable

agnotology n
agnotologia
promotion of inaccurate or misleading scientific data

ago /əˈɡoʊ/ /əˈɡəʊ/ postposition
temu wcześniej
past; gone by; since

agog /əˈɡɑɡ/ /əˈɡɒɡ/ adj
podniecony
in eager desire

agogic n
agogika

agon /ˈæ.ɡoʊn/ /ˈæ.ɡəʊn/ n
agon
a contest in ancient Greece

agonadism n
agonadyzm

agonal adj
agonalny agoniczny
relating to the time before death

agonic /əˈɡɑnik/ /əˈɡɒnɪk/ adj
agoniczny
having a magnetic deviation of zero

agonic line n
agona
a line on a chart or map joining points of zero magnetic declination

agonist n
agonista
molecule that can combine with a receptor on a cell

agonistic /aɡəˈnɪstɪk/ adj
agonistyczny
biochemistry
relating to agons

agony /ˈæ.ɡə.niː/ n
agonia
last struggle of life

agora /ˈæ.ɡə.ɹə/ n
agora
a marketplace
a place for gathering

agora /ˌæɡ.əˈɹɑː/ n
agora

agoraphobia /əˌɡɔɹ.əˈfoʊ.bi.ə/ /əˌɡɔː.ɹəˈfəʊ.bi.ə/ /ˌæɡ.ə.ɹəˈfəʊ.bi.ə/ /ˌæɡ.ɚ.əˈfoʊ.bi.ə/ n
agorafobia
fear of open spaces

agorism /ˈæ.ɡəˌɹɪzm̩/ n
agoryzm
philosophy that advocates the creation of a voluntaryist society through counter-economics

agouti /əˈɡuːti/ n
aguti złocisty
a rodent similar in appearance to a guinea pig but having longer legs

agraffe /əˈɡɹæf/ n
agrafa
a glasp consisting of a hook which fastens onto a ring

agrammatism n
agramatyzm
inability to form sentences

agranulocyte n
agranulocyt
white blood cell characterised by the absence of granules in its cytoplasm

agranulocytosis n
agranulocytoza
acute condition

agraphia n
agrafia dysgrafia
loss of writing ability

agraphon n
agrafa agrafon

agrarian /əˈɡɹɛ(ə)ɹi.ən/ adj
agrarny rolny rolniczy
relating to the cultivation of land

agrarian /əˈɡɹɛ(ə)ɹi.ən/ n
agrarysta

agrarianism n
agraryzm
philosophy that advocates an equitable distribution of land

agree /əˈɡɹi/ /əˈɡɹiː/ v
zgadzać się zgodzić się uzgadniać uzgodnić
harmonize in opinion; be in unison or concord; be united; concur

agreeable /əˈɡɹiːəbl/ adj
przyjemny miły
pleasant to the senses or mind
zgodny
willing; ready to agree or consent

agreed /əˈɡɹid/ /əˈɡɹiːd/ interjection
zgodny
interjection that expresses agreement

agreement /əˈɡɹiːmənt/ n
kongruencja związek zgody
grammatical agreement
umowa
understanding to follow a course of conduct
umowa kontrakt
legally binding contract
zgoda porozumienie
state whereby several parties share a view

agribusiness /-nɪs/ /ˈæɡɹɪˌbɪznəs/ n
agrobiznes
big business connected to agriculture
business or group of businesses engaged in agriculture

agricultural /ˌæɡɹɪˈkʌltjʊəɹəl/ /ˌæɡɹɪˈkʌlt͡ʃəɹəl/ adj
rolniczy
of or pertaining to agriculture

agriculturalism n
agraryzm
ideology that promotes agriculture

agriculture /ˈeɪɡɹɪˌkʌlt͡ʃɚ/ /ˈæɡɹɪˌkʌltʃə/ /ˈæɡɹɪˌkʌlt͡ʃɚ/ n
rolnictwo
the art or science of cultivating the ground

agrimony /ˈæɡ.ɹɪ.mən.i/ /ˈæɡ.ɹɪˌmoʊ.ni/ n
rzepik jabłecznik
plant of the genus Agrimonia

agritourism n
agroturystyka
tourism in which tourists stay in farms

agritouristic adj
agroturystyczny

agro- prefix
agro-
agriculture

agrobiological adj
agrobiologiczny

agrobiologist n
agrobiolog

agrobiology n
agrobiologia
the science of plant life and nutrition

agrochemical adj
agrochemiczny
relating to agrochemistry

agrochemical n
agrochemikalia
chemical that improves crops

agrochemist n
agrochemik
chemist who works in the field of agrochemistry

agrochemistry n
agrochemia
branch of chemistry

agroecological adj
agroekologiczny
pertaining to agroecology

agroecology n
agroekologia
agricultural ecology

agroecosystem n
agroekosystem
conceptual model of an agricultural system

agroforestry n
agroleśnictwo

agrogeological adj
agrogeologiczny

agrogeologist n
agrogeolog

agrogeology n
agrogeologia

agrometeorological adj
agrometeorologiczny
relating to agrometeorology

agrometeorologist n
agrometeorolog

agrometeorology n
agrometeorologia
branch of meteorology dealing with agriculture

agronomic adj
agronomiczny
of or pertaining to agronomy

agronomist /əˈɡɹɑːnəmɪst/ /əˈɡɹɒnəmɪst/ n
agronom agronomka
scientist specialized in agronomy

agronomy /əˈɡɹɑːnəmi/ /əˈɡɹɒnəmi/ n
agronomia
science of utilizing plants, animals, and soils for food, fuel, feed and more

agrophysics n
agrofizyka

agrotourist n
agroturysta agroturystka

ague /ˈeɪ.ɡju/ n
febra
intermittent fever, attended by alternate cold and hot fits

ah /ɑː/ interjection
a ach
an expression

aha /ɑːhɑː/ [ɑˈhɑ] [əˈhɑ] interjection
aha
exclamation of understanding, realization, invention, or recognition

ahead /əˈhɛd/ adv
z przodu
in or to the front

ahead of one's time
wyprzedzać swoje czasy
in advance of commonly accepted ideas

ahead of time
z wyprzedzeniem zawczasu
early

ahistorical /ˌeɪhɪˈstɔɹɪkəl/ adj
ahistoryczny
lacking historical perspective

ahistorically adv
ahistorycznie
in an ahistorical way

ahistoricalness n
ahistoryczność

ahistoricism n
ahistoryzm

ahoy /əˈhɔɪ/ interjection
ahoj
used to hail a ship, etc

aid /eɪd/ n
pomoc
help; succor; assistance; relief
pomocnik
a person that promotes or helps in something being done; a helper

aid /eɪd/ v
pomagać
to support

aide-de-camp /ˌeɪd dɪ ˈkæmp/ /ˌeɪd dɪ ˈkɒmp/ n
adiutant adiutantka
military officer

aiglet /ˈeɪ.ɡlɛt/ n
aglet skuwka
tip on a ribbon or cord

aiguillette /ˌeɪɡwɪˈlɛt/ n
akselbant sznur galowy
ornamental braided cord

aikido /aɪˈkiːdəʊ/ n
aikido
Japanese martial art

aileron /ˈeɪlərɒn/ n
lotka
Hinged part on trailing edge of airplane wing

ailment /ˈeɪlmənt/ n
dolegliwość
something which ails one; a disease; sickness

ailuro- /aɪˈljʊəɹə-/ /aɪˈlʊɹə-/ /eɪˈlʊɹə-/ /ˌaɪljʊəɹə-/ prefix
ailuro-
prefix meaning “cat”

ailurophile /aɪˈljʊəɹəˌfaɪl/ /aɪˈlʊɹəˌfaɪl/ /eɪˈlʊɹəˌfaɪl/ n
kociara kociarz
cat-lover

ailurophobia /aɪˌlʊɹəˈfoʊbi.ə/ /eɪˌlʊɹəˈfoʊbi.ə/ /ˌaɪljʊəɹəˈfəʊbɪ.ə/ n
ailurofobia felinofobia galeofobia gatofobia
irrational fear or hatred for cats

aim /eɪm/ n
cel
intention; purpose
cel tarcza
point intended to be hit

aim /eɪm/ v
celować mierzyć wycelować
to point or direct a missile weapon

aim high v
mierzyć wysoko

aimbot n
aimbot

aimless /ˈeɪm.ləs/ adj
bezcelowy
without aim

aimlessly /ˈeɪmləsli/ adv
bezcelowo bezprzedmiotowo
without an aim

aimlessness n
bezcelowość bezprzedmiotowość
state or quality of being aimless, or without purpose or direction

air /eə̯/ /eː/ /ɛə̯/ /ɛɚ/ /ɛɹ/ /ɛː/ [ɪə̯~eə̯] n
aria
music: a song, an aria
aura otoczka posmak
feeling or sense
eter
television or radio: media broadcasts
powietrze
historical: one of the basic elements
mixture of gases making up the atmosphere of the Earth
the apparently open space above the ground
poza
pretension, snobbishness

air /eə̯/ /eː/ /ɛə̯/ /ɛɚ/ /ɛɹ/ /ɛː/ [ɪə̯~eə̯] v
emitować
to broadcast
napowietrzać wietrzyć
to bring into contact with the air

air base n
baza lotnicza
military airport

air bed n
materac nadmuchiwany
a bed that inflated with air

air conditioner n
klimatyzator
a machine that is used to control temperature and humidity in an enclosed space

air conditioning n
klimatyzacja
an air conditioner or system of air conditioners

air embolism n
aeroembolizm
condition caused by bubbles of gas

air force /ˈɛə(ɹ) ˌfɔː(ɹ)s/ n
siły powietrzne
branch of the military devoted to air warfare

air freshener n
odświeżacz powietrza
device containing substances that neutralize unpleasant odours

air gun /ˈeə(ɹ).ɡʌn/ /ˈɛɹ.ɡə/ n
wiatrówka
gun that propels a projective by compressed air

air hammer n
młot parowo-powietrzny młot pneumatyczny
air tool

air one's dirty laundry in public v
prać brudy ujawniać ujawnić

air out v
przewietrzać przewietrzyć
to expose to air

air raid n
atak powietrzny nalot
attack

air raid siren n
syrena przeciwlotnicza

air resistance n
opór powietrza
friction that slows things moving through air

air show n
air show
a public display of stunt flying, aerobatics, and historical aircraft

air strike n
atak powietrzny
attack by aircraft

air supremacy n
przewaga w powietrzu
most favorable state of control of the air

air ticket n
bilet lotniczy
a pass entitling the holder to travel in an aeroplane

air traffic control n
kontrola ruchu lotniczego
system designed to give assistance to aircraft

air-raid shelter n
schron przeciwlotniczy
reinforced underground shelter designed to give protection against air raids

airan /ˈaɪ.ɹɑn/ n
ajran
a Turkish yoghurt drink

airbag n
poduszka powietrzna
protective system in automobiles

airborne adj
w trakcie lotu
in flight

airbrush n
aerograf
handheld paint sprayer powered by compressed air

airbus n
aerobus
a type of airliner

aircraft /ˈɛə.kɹɑːft/ /ˈɛəɹ.kɹæft/ /ˈɛː.kɹɑːft/ /ˈɛːɹ.kɹæft/ n
statek powietrzny aerodyna
machine capable of atmospheric flight

aircraft carrier n
lotniskowiec awiomatka
warship for launching aircraft

aircrew n
załoga samolotu
team that operates an aircraft

airdrop n
zrzut
act of dropping goods, equipment, or personnel from an aircraft

airfield n
aerodrom lotnisko lądowisko
place where airplanes can take off and land

airhead /ˈɛɹˌ(h)ɛd/ /ˈɛːhɛd/ n
bezmózg kurzy móżdżek ptasi móżdżek
foolish, silly, or unintelligent person

airless /eə(ɹ).ləs/ adj
bezpowietrzny
lacking air

airlift /ˈɛə.lɪft/ n
most powietrzny
the transportation of troops

airline n
linie lotnicze
company that flies airplanes

airliner n
samolot pasażerski
passenger aircraft

airmail /ˈɛə.meɪl/ n
poczta lotnicza
the system of conveying mail using aircraft

airman /ˈɛə.mən/ /ˈɛɹ.mən/ n
lotnik
pilot

airplane /ˈeɹˌpleɪ̯n/ /ˈɛəˌpleɪ̯n/ /ˈɛɚˌpleɪ̯n/ /ˈɛːˌpleɪ̯n/ n
samolot aeroplan
powered aircraft

airplane mode n
tryb samolotowy

airport /ˈɛə.pɔːt/ /ˈɛɹ.pɔɹt/ n
lotnisko port lotniczy aerodrom aeroport
place designated for airplanes

airsickness n
choroba powietrzna
form of motion sickness

airspace n
przestrzeń powietrzna
controlled portion of atmosphere

airstrip /ˈɛə(ɹ)stɹɪp/ n
pas startowy
primitive aircraft landing field

airtight adj
szczelny powietrznoszczelny
impermeable to air or other gases

airtime n
czas antenowy
duration of transmission

airworthiness n
zdatność
the state of being airworthy

aisle /aɪ̯l/ n
alejka
corridor in a supermarket
nawa boczna
wing of a building, notably in a church
przejście
any path through obstructed space
clear path through rows of seating

aisle seat n
miejsce przy przejściu
Seat beside an aisle

aitch /ˈeɪt͡ʃ/ n
h samo h
name of the letter H, h

ajar /əˈd͡ʒɑɹ/ /əˈd͡ʒɑː/ adj
niedomknięty uchylony
slightly turned or opened

ajvar /ˈaɪ.vɑɹ/ n
ajwar
a kind of relish

ajwain /ˈæd͡ʒwaɪn/ /ˈʌd͡ʒwaɪn/ n
ajowan chropawiec wonny
thyme-flavored seed

akanye n
akanie
(phonology) a case of vowel reduction in Slavic languages

akin /əˈkɪn/ /ʌˈkɪn/ adj
pokrewny zbliżony
of the same kind; similar
spokrewniony
of the same kin; related by blood

akinesia n
akineza akinezja
loss of the ability to control muscles

akinete n
akineta
a thick-walled, dormant cell found in cyanobacteria and green algae

akçe n
akcze
Ottoman silver coin

al dente /æl ˈdɛn.teɪ/ /æl ˈdɛn.ti/ adj
al dente
firm

al-Andalus pn
Al-Andalus
Islamic Spain

al-Qaeda /æl ˈkaɪdə/ /æl ˈkeɪdə/ /ɑl ˈkaɪdə/ /ˌæl kaɪˈiːdə/ /ˌæl kɑːˈiːdə/ pn
Al-Kaida
The global network of militant Islamic extremists.

alabaster /ˈæl.əˌbæs.tə/ /ˈæl.əˌbæs.tɚ/ /ˈæl.əˌbɑːs.tə/ adj
alabastrowy
made of alabaster

alabaster /ˈæl.əˌbæs.tə/ /ˈæl.əˌbæs.tɚ/ /ˈæl.əˌbɑːs.tə/ n
alabaster
variety of gypsum

alabastron n
alabastron
type of vase

alacrity [əˈlækɹɨti] n
skwapliwość
eagerness

alalia /eɪˈleɪliə/ /əˈleɪliə/ n
alalia
delay in development of the mechanisms of speech
loss of the ability to speak

alanine n
alanina
nonessential amino acid; C₃H₇NO₂

alar adj
pachowy
anatomy: related to the armpit

alarm /əˈlɑɹm/ /əˈlɑːm/ n
alarm
summons to arms
notice of approaching danger
instance of an alarm ringing or clanging
sudden surprise with fear or terror
budzik
mechanical contrivance for awaking

alarm /əˈlɑɹm/ /əˈlɑːm/ v
alarmować zaalarmować
to give notice (by sound or otherwise) of approaching danger

alarm bell n
dzwonek alarmowy sygnał alarmowy
sudden awareness of danger

alarm clock n
budzik
type of clock

alarming /ə.ˈlɑɹm.ɪŋ/ /ə.ˈlɑːm.ɪŋ/ adj
alarmujący
causing alarm

alarmingly /ə.ˈlɑɹm.ɪŋ.li/ /ə.ˈlɑːm.ɪŋ.li/ adv
alarmująco
in an alarming manner, frighteningly. In a way the induces fear or concern

alarmist /əˈlɑɹmɪst/ adj
alarmistyczny
of or relating to causing others to become alarmed without cause

alarmist /əˈlɑɹmɪst/ n
alarmista panikarka panikarz
one who causes others to become alarmed without cause

alarmistically adv
alarmistycznie

alas /ɘˈlɛs/ /əˈlæs/ /əˈlɑːs/ interjection
biada
exclamation of sorrow, etc.

alas /ɘˈlɛs/ /əˈlæs/ /əˈlɑːs/ n
ałas
type of depression

alaskite n
alaskit

alb /alb/ /ælb/ n
alba
a long white robe worn by priests and other ministers

alba /ˈæl.bə/ n
alba

albatross /ˈæl.bəˌtɹɑs/ /ˈæl.bəˌtɹɒs/ /ˈæl.bəˌtɹɔs/ n
albatros
seabird
three under par

albatross around one's neck n
kamień u szyi
thing that hinders

albedo /ælˈbi.doʊ/ n
albedo
fraction of incident light or radiation reflected by a surface or body
part of citrus fruit rind

albedometer n
albedometr
instrument

albeit /ɑlˈbi.ɪt/ /ɔlˈbi.ət/ /ɔːlˈbiː.ɪt/ conjunction
chociaż aczkolwiek acz
although; despite (it) being

albinism /ˈælbəˌnɪzəm/ n
albinizm bielactwo
lack of melanin pigmentation

albino /alˈbiːnoː/ /ælˈbaɪnoʊ/ /ælˈbiːnəʊ/ adj
albinotyczny bielaczy
congenitally lacking melanin

albino /alˈbiːnoː/ /ælˈbaɪnoʊ/ /ælˈbiːnəʊ/ n
albinos albinoska
one congenitally lacking melanin

albite n
albit
plagioclase feldspar

albitization n
albityzacja
conversion into albite

album /ˈælbəm/ [ˈaɫb̚m̩] n
album
book for photographs, stamps, or autographs
group of audio recordings on any media
phonograph record (LP)

albumen /ælˈbjuːmən/ /ˈalbjʊmɪn/ /ˈælbjʊmən/ n
białko
white part of an egg

albumin /æl.ˈbjuː.mən/ /ˈalbjʊmɪn/ n
albumina
class of monomeric proteins that are soluble in water

albuminimeter /ˌælbjʊmɪˈnɪmɪtɚ/ n
albuminometr

albuminoid n
albuminoid
albuminoid

albuminous /ælˈbjuː.mɪn.əs/ adj
albuminowy
of or pertaining to albumin

albuminuria n
albuminuria białkomocz
the presence of albumin in the urine

alcaide /ælˈkaɪdi/ n
alkad
governor or commander of a Spanish or Portuguese fortress

alcazar /ælˈkɑzɚ/ /ˌalkəˈzɑː/ /ˌælkəˈzɑɹ/ n
alkazar
Moorish fortress in Spain

alchemical adj
alchemiczny
pertaining to alchemy

alchemically adv
alchemicznie
in a manner relating to alchemy

alchemist /ˈæl.kə.mɪst/ n
alchemik alchemista alchimista alchymik
one who practices alchemy

alchemistic /ˈæl.kə.mɪ.stək/ adj
alchemicki
of or pertaining to alchemists

alchemy /ˈælkəmi/ n
alchemia
causing of mysterious transmutation
alchemia alchimia
ancient chemistry

alcohol /ˈæl.kə.hɑl/ /ˈæl.kə.hɒl/ /ˈæl.kə.hɔl/ /ˈɑl.kə.hɑl/ /ˈɑl.kə.hɔl/ n
alkohol
intoxicating beverage
organic chemistry sense

alcohol-free adj
bezalkoholowy
containing no alcohol

alcoholate n
alkoholan
crystalline salt containing alcohol in place of water of crystallization
nalewka
an alcoholic extract of plant material; a tincture

alcoholic /ˌæl.kəˈhɑ.lɪk/ /ˌæl.kəˈhɒl.ɪk/ /ˌæl.kəˈhɔ.lɪk/ adj
alkoholiczny
of alcoholism
alkoholowy alkoholik
of or pertaining to alcohol

alcoholic /ˌæl.kəˈhɑ.lɪk/ /ˌæl.kəˈhɒl.ɪk/ /ˌæl.kəˈhɔ.lɪk/ n
alkoholik alkoholiczka
a person addicted to alcohol
one who abuses alcohol

alcoholism /ˈælkə(ˌ)hɔˌlɪzəm/ /ˈælkəhɒˌlɪzəm/ n
alkoholizm pijaństwo
chronic disease

alcoholist n
alkoholik alkoholista

alcoholization n
alkoholizacja
subjection to the influence of alcoholic spirits

alcoholize v
alkoholizować
convert into alcohol
infuse or saturate with alcoholic spirit
subject to the influence of alcohol

alcoholless adj
bezalkoholowy

alcohologist n
alkoholog
one who studies alcohology

alcohology n
alkohologia
study of the effects of alcohol

alcoholometer n
alkoholometr alkoholomierz
Specialized form of hydrometer used to measure amount of alcohol in liquid

alcoholometry n
alkoholometria
Measurement of concentration of alcohol in liquid

alcoholysis n
alkoholiza
solvolysis using an alcohol

alcove /ˈæl.kəʊv/ n
alkowa nisza wnęka
small recessed area

aldehyde /ˈæl.dɪ.haɪd/ n
aldehyd
organic compound of the general formula R·CHO

aldehydic adj
aldehydowy
relating to an aldehyde

alder /ˈɑldɚ/ /ˈɔldɚ/ /ˈɔːldə/ n
olcha olsza
any tree or shrub of the genus Alnus

alder buckthorn n
kruszyna pospolita

alderman n
radny ławnik
member of a municipal legislative body in a city or town

aldose n
aldoza
any of a class of monosaccharides

aldosterone /ælˈdɑstəˌɹoʊn/ /ælˈdɒstəɹəʊn/ n
aldosteron
aldosterone

aldrin n
aldryna
insecticide

ale /eɪl/ n
ale
beer produced by warm fermentation

aleatoric /eɪliːəˈtɔəɹɪk/ adj
aleatoryczny

aleatorically adv
aleatorycznie

aleatoricism n
aleatoryzm

aleatoricist n
aleatorysta

alembic /əˈlɛm.bɪk/ n
alembik
chemical apparatus

aleph /ˈɑˌlɛf/ /ˈɑˌlɪf/ n
alef
first letter of the Proto-Canaanite alphabet and descendant script

aleph-null pn
alef zero
first of the transfinite cardinal numbers

alert /əˈlɜːt/ /əˈlɝt/ adj
czujny uważny
attentive

alert /əˈlɜːt/ /əˈlɝt/ n
alarm alert
an alarm
alert powiadomienie
a notification

alertly adv
bacznie uważnie
with alertness

alertness /əˈlɝt.nəs/ n
baczenie czujność uwaga
quality of being alert

alewife /ˈeɪlwʌɪf/ /ˈeɪlˌwaɪf/ n
aloza tęczowa aloza wielkooka
Alosa pseudoharengus

alexandrine n
aleksandryn
line of a twelve-syllable poetic meter

alexandrite /ˌæl.ɪɡ.ˈzæn.dɹaɪt/ n
aleksandryt
form of chrysoberyl that displays a colour change

alexia /əˈlɛk.si.ə/ n
aleksja
type of word blindness

alexin n
aleksyna dopełniacz
protective substance that exists in the serum

alexithymia /ˌeɪ.lɛk.səˈθaɪ.mi.ə/ n
aleksytymia
deficiency in understanding emotions

alfalfa /ælˈfælfə/ n
lucerna
Medicago sativa

alga /ˈæl.ɡə/ n
glon alga
any of many aquatic photosynthetic organisms

algal bloom n
zakwit
dense spread of algae

algebra /ˈæl.dʒɪ.bɹə/ /ˈæl.d͡ʒə.bɹə/ /ˈæl.d͡ʒɪ.bɹə/ n
algebra
system for computation
study of algebraic structures
structure

algebraic /ˌæl.d͡ʒɪˈbɹeɪ.ɪk/ /ˌæl.d͡ʒɪˈbɹæɪ.ɪk/ adj
algebraiczny
relating to algebra
containing numbers, letters, and arithmetic operators
which is a root of some polynomial
of a particular notation for chess moves that assigns each square a letter and a number defined from a player-independent perspective

algebraically adv
algebraicznie
using algebra

algebraist n
algebraik
mathematician

algin /ˈæl.dʒɪn/ n
algina
gelatinous gum

alginic /ælˈdʒɪn.ɪk/ adj
alginowy
relating to alginic acid

alginic acid /ælˌdʒɪn.ɪk ˈæs.ɪd/ n
kwas alginowy
colloidal acid

algological adj
algologiczny
pertaining to the study of algae

algologist n
algolog
one who studies algology

algology n
algologia
branch of botany dealing with algae

algometer n
algezymetr
instrument for measuring pain-inducing stimuli

algorithm /ˈælɡəɹɪðəm/ /ˈælɡəˌɹɪðəm/ [ˈæɫɡəɹɪðm̩] [ˈæɫɡəˌɹɪðm̩] n
algorytm
well-defined procedure

algorithmic /ˌælɡəˈɹɪðmɪk/ adj
algorytmiczny
relating to an algorithm

algorithmically adv
algorytmicznie
using an algorithm

algorithmization n
algorytmizacja
the process of algorithmizing

algorithmize v
algorytmizować zalgorytmizować
to convert a process into an algorithm

alias /ˈeɪ.li.əs/ adv
alias
adverb

alias /ˈeɪ.li.əs/ n
alias
another name; an assumed name

alibi /ˈæl.ə.baɪ/ n
alibi
criminal legal defense
excuse

alibiless adj
bez alibi

alicant n
alikant
a kind of wine made near Alicante, Spain

alicyclic adj
alicykliczny
of a class of organic compounds

alidade /ˈæ.lɪ.deɪd/ n
alidada
measuring apparatus

alien /ˈeɪ.li.ən/ adj
cudzoziemski
not belonging to the same country

alien /ˈeɪ.li.ən/ n
cudzoziemiec obcokrajowiec
foreigner
kosmita istota pozaziemska obcy ufoludek zielony ludzik
life form of non-Earth origin
obcy
person, etc. from outside

alienable /ˈeɪljənəbəl/ adj
zbywalny
capable of being alienated, sold or transferred

alienate /ˈeɪ.li.ə.neɪt/ v
alienować
to convey or transfer
alienować wyalienować zalienować
to estrange

alienation [ˌeɪli.əˈneɪʃən] n
alienacja
the act of alienating
transferal of property
alienacja wyobcowanie
the state of being alienated

alight /əˈlaɪt/ adj
płonący
aglow with activity or emotion
burning, lit, on fire

alimonious adj
alimentacyjny

alimony /ˈæl.ə.moʊ.ni/ /ˈæl.ɪ.mə.ni/ n
alimenty
a court-enforced allowance

aliphatic /ælɪˈfætɪk/ adj
alifatyczny
organic chemistry: having carbon atoms arranged in an open chain

alive /əˈlaɪv/ adj
żywy żywcem
having life

alive and kicking adj
o dobrym zdrowiu
healthy, especially in opposition to other circumstances

aliyah /əliːˈjɑː/ /əˈliːjə/ n
alija
immigration of Jews to Israel

alizaric adj
alizarynowy

alizarin /əˈlɪzəɹɪn/ n
alizaryna
1,2-dihydroxyanthraquinone

alkali /ˈæl.kəˌlaɪ/ n
alkalia
class of caustic bases

alkali cellulose n
alkaliceluloza

alkali metal n
litowiec
soft, light, reactive metals of Group 1 of the periodic table

alkalimeter n
alkalimetr
device

alkalimetry n
alkalimetria
process of determining the strength of an alkali

alkaline /ˈæl.kə.laɪn/ /ˈæl.kəl.aɪn/ adj
alkaliczny
of or relating to an alkali
alkaliczny zasadowy
having a pH greater than 7

alkaline earth metal n
berylowiec metal ziem alkalicznych wapniowiec
any element of group II of the periodic table

alkalinely adv
alkalicznie

alkalinity n
alkaliczność
state of being alkaline

alkalinization n
alkalizacja alkalizowanie
the process of becoming more alkaline

alkaliphile n
alkalifil
organism that thrives in an alkaline environment

alkaliphilic adj
alkalifilny
thriving in alkaline conditions

alkalize v
alkalizować zalkalizować
to cause to become alkaline

alkaloid /ˈæl.kə.lɔɪd/ n
alkaloid alkaloidy
organic heterocyclic base

alkaloidal adj
alkaloidowy
pertaining to alkaloids

alkalosis /æl.kəˈləʊ̯sɪs/ n
alkaloza zasadowica
abnormally increased alkalinity in the blood

alkane /ˈæl.keɪn/ n
alkan
acyclic saturated hydrocarbon of formula CnH2n+2

alkanet n
alkanna barwierska
Alkanna tinctoria

alkannin n
alkanina

alkene n
alken
unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon with one or more carbon–carbon double bonds

alkermes /alˈkəːmɪz/ n
alkiermes
red Italian liqueur

alkoxide n
alkoholan
alcohol-derived compound formed by replacing a hydrogen atom with another cationic species

alkyl /ˈælkaɪl/ /ˈælkɪl/ n
alkil
univalent radical of the general formula CnH2n+1

alkylate v
alkilować
to add an alkyl group to a compound

alkylation n
alkilacja
reaction in which an alkyl group is added to a molecule

alkyne n
alkin
hydrocarbon containing at least one carbon-carbon triple bond

all /ɑl/ /ɔl/ /ɔːl/ [oːɫ] [ɔɫ] adv
całkowicie kompletnie zupełnie
wholly

all /ɑl/ /ɔl/ /ɔːl/ [oːɫ] [ɔɫ] determiner
cały wszystko
throughout the whole of (a stated period of time)
wszystek wszystko
every individual of the given class

all /ɑl/ /ɔl/ /ɔːl/ [oːɫ] [ɔɫ] n
wszystko
everything possible

all along adv
od samego początku przez cały czas
for the entire time

all and sundry pronoun
(wszystkie) i bez wyjątku
each one
(wszystkie) i bez wyjątku wszem wobec i każdemu z osobna
all; everyone

all at once /ˌɑl ət ˈwʌn(t)s/ /ˌɔl ət ˈwʌn(t)s/ /ˌɔːl ət ˈwʌn(t)s/ adv
nagle ni stąd ni zowąd znienacka
unexpectedly
wszystko naraz
All at the same time, all together

all bark and no bite adj
krowa, która dużo ryczy, mało mleka daje
full of big talk

all but adv
prawie
very nearly

all cats are grey in the dark proverb
w nocy wszystkie koty są czarne
proverb

all day adv
cały dzień
the entire day

all ears adj
zamieniać się w słuch zamienić się w słuch
listening intensely

all hail interjection
niech żyje
greeting

all hands on deck interjection
wszystkie ręce na pokład
order

all hell breaks loose phraseologicalUnit
rozpętać piekło
the situation becomes chaotic

all in a day's work phraseologicalUnit
dzień jak co dzień
a nonchalant dismissal of a significant accomplishment.

all kidding aside adv
bez jaj bez żartów żarty na bok żarty żartami
idiom, speech act

all of a sudden /ˌɔl əv ə ˈsʌdən/ adv
nagle
colloquial: suddenly

all out adv
(dawać) z siebie wszystko (dać) z siebie wszystko
with maximum effort
iść na całość pójść na całość
without regard for risk

all over adv
całkowicie
over an entire extent
skończony
all over
totalnie
in every way; thoroughly
wszędzie
everywhere

all over the place
od Sasa do Lasa
Inconsistent; lacking a clear pattern; with a large amount of variation.

all right /ˌɑlˈɹaɪt/ /ˌɔlˈɹaɪt/ /ˌɔːlˈɹaɪt/ adj
dobry
good
w porządku zdrowy
in good health

all rights reserved phraseologicalUnit
wszelkie prawa zastrzeżone
copyright notice formula

all roads lead to Rome proverb
wszystkie drogi prowadzą do Rzymu
different paths can take to the same goal

all systems go phraseologicalUnit
wszystkie systemy sprawne
everything is ready in the aerospace industry

all talk and no action n
krowa, która dużo ryczy, mało mleka daje pozornie groźny
idiom

all that glitters is not gold proverb
nie wszystko złoto, co się świeci
things that appear valuable or worthwhile might not actually be so

all that jazz phraseologicalUnit
inne takie
everything else related to something; other similar things

all the best interjection
wszystkiego najlepszego

all the more adv
tym bardziej
even more

all the same adj
wszystko jedno

all the same adv
wszystko jedno
anyway; nevertheless; nonetheless

all the tea in China n
za Chiny za Chiny ludowe za chińskiego boga za nic na świecie za skarby świata za żadne pieniądze
something priceless or invaluable

all the time adv
bez przerwy cały czas ciągle
always
co chwila co chwilę co rusz
frequently

all the way adv
aż aż do
to the end

all there adj
mieć wszystkich w domu
negative form, "not all there": mentally incompetent

all things being equal adv
ceteris paribus
without considering external factors

all things considered adv
biorąc wszystko pod uwagę ogólnie rzecz biorąc
generally speaking, all in all

all thumbs adj
(mieć) dziurawe ręce
clumsy (idiom)

all told adv
sumując
with all included, counted}} or summed

all work and no play makes Jack a dull boy proverb
nie samą pracą żyje człowiek
too much hard work

all's fair in love and war proverb
w miłości i na wojnie wszystko jest dozwolone
unpleasant behavior is acceptable during love and conflict

all's well that ends well proverb
wszystko dobre, co się dobrze kończy
A happy ending makes up for everything that has gone before...

all- prefix
wszech-
to indicate complete power or authority in an area

all-encompassing adj
wszechstronny
including everything

all-expenses-paid adj
z wszystkim opłaconym

all-inclusive adj
all inclusive całkowity obejmujący wszystko
providing all amenities, benefits or perquisites in a single package

all-or-nothing adj
bezkompromisowy

all-points bulletin n
list gończy
all-points bulletin

all-you-can-eat adj
rodzaj bufetu
offering unlimited food to a diner at a restaurant

allantois n
omocznia
sac in the alimentary canal of the embryos of mammals, birds and reptiles

allative /ˈælətɪv/ n
allatyw
allative case

allative case n
allatyw
case used to indicate movement onto, or to the adjacency of something

allegation /ˌæl.əˈɡeɪ.ʃən/ /ˌæl.ɪˈɡeɪ.ʃən/ n
domniemanie zarzut
an assertion or accusation

alleged /əˈlɛdʒd/ /əˈlɛdʒɪd/ adj
domniemany
asserted
rzekomy
supposed

allegedly adv
rzekomo podobno ponoć przypuszczalnie
according to someone's allegation

allegiance /əˈliː.d͡ʒəns/ n
wierność lojalność posłuszeństwo
loyalty to some cause, nation or ruler

allegorical /ˌæl.ɪˈɡɔɹ.ɪ.kəl/ adj
alegoryczny
of, relating to, or containing allegory

allegorically /æl.əˈɡɒɹ.ɪk.(ə.)li/ adv
alegorycznie
in an allegorical manner

allegoricalness n
alegoryczność

allegorics n
alegoryka

allegorise v
alegoryzować
to create an allegory from some event or situation

allegorism n
alegoryzm

allegorization n
alegoryzacja
the act of turning into allegory

allegory /ˈæl.əˌɡɔɹ.i/ /ˈæl.ɪˌɡɔː.ɹi/ n
alegoria
the representation of abstract principles
symbolic representation

allegretto adv
allegretto
musical direction

allegretto n
allegretto
a movement that is to be played fast and lively

allele /əˈ.liː.l/ /ˈæ.liː.l/ n
allel allelomorf
variant of a gene

allelopathic adj
allelopatyczny
Relating to an allelopathy

allelopathy n
allelopatia
release by a plant of a toxin to suppress growth of nearby competing plants

alleluia n
alleluja
liturgical form of hallelujah

allergen /ˈælə(ɹ)ˌd͡ʒɛn/ n
alergen
substance

allergenic adj
alergenny
having the effect of an allergen
of or pertaining to an allergen

allergic /əˈlɜː.dʒɪk/ /əˈlɝ.d͡ʒɪk/ adj
alergiczny uczuleniowy
having an allergy
pertaining to allergy
excessively sensitive

allergic /əˈlɜː.dʒɪk/ /əˈlɝ.d͡ʒɪk/ n
alergiczka alergik uczuleniowiec

allergically adv
alergicznie
because of allergies

allergist n
alergolog alergolożka
doctor who specializes in the treatment of allergies.

allergization n
alergizacja

allergize v
alergizować

allergological adj
alergologiczny
relating to the study and treatment of allergies

allergology n
alergologia
the study of the causes and treatment of allergies

allergy /ˈæl.əɹ.d͡ʒi/ [ˈæl.ə.dʒi] [ˈæl.ɚ.d͡ʒi] n
alergia uczulenie
disorder of the immune system
hypersensitivity
alergia uczulenie awersja
antipathy

alleviate /əˈli.vi.eɪt/ v
łagodzić
make less severe

alley /ˈæ.li/ n
uliczka aleja alejka
narrow street

alley cat n
dachowiec
urban feral cat

alliance /əˈlaɪ.əns/ n
alians
persons or parties allied
alians przymierze sojusz
treaty between nations
alians sojusz
state of being allied
union resembling that of families or states

allicin /ˈælɪsən/ n
allicyna
organic compound

alligator /ˈæl.ɪ.ɡeɪ.tə/ /ˈæl.ɪ.ɡeɪ.tɚ/ n
aligator
large amphibious reptile of genus Alligator

alligator clip n
krokodylek
electronics connector

alligator gar n
niszczuka krokodyla
Atractosteus spatula

allision /əˈlɪʒən/ n
alizja
nautical collision

allistic /æˈlɪstɪk/ /ɑˈlɪstɪk/ /əˈlɪstɪk/ adj
nieautystyczny
not autistic

alliteration /əˌlɪtəˈɹeɪʃən/ [əˌlɪɾəˈɹeɪʃən] n
aliteracja
the repetition of consonants

alliterative adj
aliteracyjny
in the form or style of alliteration

allo- prefix
allo- alo-
different

allocate /ˈæl.ə.keɪt/ v
alokować
computing: to reserve a portion of memory for use by a computer program
asygnować przydzielać przydzielić wyasygnować
to set aside for a purpose
przydzielić
to distribute according to a plan

allocation /ˌæl.əˈkeɪ.ʃən/ n
alokacja dystrybucja
The process or procedure for allocating things, especially money or other resources.

allocational adj
alokacyjny

allochory n
allochoria obcosiewność

allocution /alə(ʊ)ˈkjuːʃən/ n
alokucja
formal, authoritative speech

allodial /əˈləʊdiəl/ adj
alodialny
owned freely and clear of any encumbrances

allodium n
alodium
freehold land or property

allodynia n
allodynia
pain produced by innocuous stimulation of normal skin

allogamic adj
alogamiczny obcopylny

allogamy n
alogamia obcopylność
fertilization

allograph /ˈæləɡɹæf/ /ˈæləɡɹɑːf/ n
allograf alograf
variant form of a letter

allographic adj
alograficzny
relating to allography

allometry /ˈæləˌmɛtɹɪ/ n
allometria alometria
disproportionate growth of a part of a living organism in relation to the whole

allomorph /ˈæl.oʊ.mɔɹf/ /ˈæl.ə.mɔɹf/ /ˈæl.ə.mɔːf/ n
allomorf alomorf
phonological representation of a morpheme

allonge /əˈlɒnʒ/ n
alonż przedłużek przedłużka
attachment to negotiable instrument

allonym n
allonim alonim
the name of another person taken by an author as a pen name

allopath n
alopata
practitioner of allopathy

allopathic /ˌæl.oʊˈpæθ.ɪk/ adj
alopatyczny
of or pertaining to allopathy

allopathy n
alopatia
historical: alternative medicine

allophane n
allofan alofan
an amorphous hydrous aluminium silicate clay mineral

allophone /ˈaləˌfəʊn/ /ˈæləˌfoʊn/ /ˈæləˌfəʉn/ n
allofon alofon
alternative pronunciation for a phoneme

alloplasty n
alloplastyka aloplastyka

allosome n
allosom alosom
sex chromosome that differs from an ordinary autosome

allosomic adj
allosomowy alosomowy

allosteric adj
allosteryczny
of an enzyme: that binds a compound on an inactive site

allot /əˈlɑt/ /əˈlɒt/ v
asygnować przydzielać przydzielić wyasygnować
to assign

allotment /əˈlɔt.mɛnt/ n
działka
plot of land

allotrope /ˈæ.lə.tɹəʊp/ n
alotrop
element form of different molecular structure to another form of the same element

allotropic adj
alotropowy
of an element that exhibits allotropy

allotropy n
alotropia
having multiple atomic structures

allow /əˈlaʊ/ v
pozwalać pozwolić
to grant, give, admit, accord, afford, or yield; to let one have
pozwolić zezwolić
to permit
przyznać
to acknowledge; to accept as true; to concede; to accede to an opinion
to let something happen, to admit, to concede
wziąć pod uwagę
to make allowance
to take into account as a deduction or an addition

allowed /əˈlaʊd/ adj
dozwolony
permitted, authorized

alloy /əˈlɔɪ/ /ˈæ.lɔɪ/ n
stop aliaż
metal combined of more elements

alloy /əˈlɔɪ/ /ˈæ.lɔɪ/ v
stapiać stopić
mix or combine

allspice n
korzennik lekarski
tree
ziele angielskie
spice

allude /əˈluːd/ v
pić przymawiać
refer to something indirectly or by suggestion

allure /əˈl(j)(ʊ)ɚ/ n
czar powab
the power to attract, entice; the quality causing attraction

allure /əˈl(j)(ʊ)ɚ/ v
nęcić przyciągać wabić
to attempt to draw

alluring /əˈlɔːɹɪŋ/ /əˈlɝɪŋ/ /əˈlʊəɹɪŋ/ /əˈlʊɹɪŋ/ adj
nęcący pociągający ponętny powabny przyciągający wabiący
having to power to allure

alluringly /əˈl(j)ʊɹɪŋ/ adv
ponętnie powabnie
in an alluring manner

allusion /əˈlu.ʒən/ n
aluzja
indirect reference, hint

allusive /əˈljuː.sɪv/ /əˈluː.sɪv/ adj
aluzyjny
containing or making use of allusions

allusively adv
aluzyjnie
in an allusive manner

allusiveness n
aluzyjność
the quality of being allusive

alluvial /əˈluː.vi.əl/ adj
aluwialny
pertaining to the soil deposited by a stream

alluvium n
aluwium
deposited material

ally /æˈlaɪ/ /əˈlaɪ/ /ˈælaɪ/ /ˈæˌlaɪ/ n
sojusznik aliant aliantka sojuszniczka
person, group, state, etc., which is associated or united by treaty with another for a common (especially military or political) purpose

alma mater /ˌælmə ˈmeɪtə(ɹ)/ /ˌælmə ˈmɑːtə(ɹ)/ /ˌɑːlmə ˈmɑːtə(ɹ)/ n
Alma Mater
graduated school

almah /ˈæl.mə/ n
almeja
dancing-girl

almanac [ˈæl-] [ˈɑl.mə.næk] [ˈɒl-] [ˈɔl.mə.næk] [ˈɔːl.mə.næk] n
almanach
book or table listing astronomical, nautical or other events for the year
handbook published annually

almandine /ˈal.mən.dʌɪn/ n
almandyn
mineral

almighty /ɔːlˈmaɪti/ adj
wszechmogący wszechmocny
unlimited in might

almond /ˈæ(l).mənd/ /ˈɑ(l).mənd/ /ˈɑː.mənd/ /ˈɔl.mənd/ adj
migdałowy
resembling the colour of an almond nut

almond /ˈæ(l).mənd/ /ˈɑ(l).mənd/ /ˈɑː.mənd/ /ˈɔl.mənd/ n
migdał migdałowiec
nut
migdałowiec
tree

almond milk n
mleko migdałowe
milky liquid from almonds

almond paste n
pasta migdałowa
paste made from ground almonds and sugar in equal quantities

almondless adj
bez migdałów

almoner /ˈæl.mə.nɚ/ n
jałmużnica jałmużnik
person who distributes alms
jałmużnik
person who distributes alms on behalf of another

almost /ɔːɫ.ˈməʊst/ /ˈoʊ.moʊst/ /ˈɑl.moʊst/ /ˈɔl.moʊst/ /ˈɔː(l)məs/ /ˈɔːɫ.məʊst/ [ˈɒːɫmost] adv
prawie niemal
(mathematics)
(measure theory, probability theory)
prawie niemal bez mała blisko niemalże omal
very close to

almost surely adv
prawie na pewno
mathematics: with probability one

alms /æmz/ /ɑlmz/ /ɑmz/ /ɑːmz/ n
jałmużna
something given to the poor as charity

almsless adj
bez darów bez datków bez jałmużny

almucantar /ælməˈkæntə/ /ælməˈkæntɚ/ n
almukantar almukantarat
small circle on the celestial sphere

almuce n
almucja
hood or cape made of fur

alnico n
alniko
alloy of aluminium, nickel and cobalt

alocasia n
alokazja zakleśń
any of several tropical Asian plants of the genus Alocasia

aloe /əˈləʊ.i/ /ˈæ.loʊ/ /ˈæ.ləʊ/ n
aloes
plant of the genus Aloe

aloelike adj
aloesowaty

alogical adj
alogiczny
not based upon logic

alogically adv
alogicznie
in an alogical way

alogicalness n
alogiczność

aloha shirt n
koszula hawajska
Hawaiian shirt

alone /ɐˈluŋ/ /əˈloʊn/ /əˈləʊn/ adj
sam samotny
by oneself

alone /ɐˈluŋ/ /əˈloʊn/ /əˈləʊn/ adv
sam samodzielnie
without outside help
samotnie sam
by oneself

along /əˈlɑŋ/ /əˈlɒŋ/ /əˈlɔŋ/ adv
razem wraz
in company, together

along /əˈlɑŋ/ /əˈlɒŋ/ /əˈlɔŋ/ preposition
wzdłuż po
by the length of; in a line with the length of; lengthwise next to
in a line with, with a progressive motion on; onward on; forward on

along the lines of preposition
w stylu
similar to but not exactly equal

along with preposition
wraz z
in addition to

aloof /əˈluːf/ adj
trzymający się z dala z dystansem z rezerwą
reserved and remote; either physically or emotionally distant

alopecia /æloʊˈpiː.si.ə/ /æloʊˈpiː.ʃ(i)ə/ /ˌæl.əʊˈpiː.ʃə/ n
alopecja łysienie
medicine: loss of hair

alpaca /ælˈpækə/ n
alpaka
camelid animal of the Andes
wool

alpha /ˈælfə/ [ˈæɫ.fə] n
alfa
name of the letter Α, α

alpha and omega n
alfa i omega
the first and the last

alpha female n
samica alfa
dominant female animal
self-assured and strong woman

alpha fucks, beta bucks proverb
alfa szmaci, beta płaci
Women see alpha males as sexual partners, while beta males merely as source of money

alpha male n
samiec alfa
dominant male animal
figuratively: leading man

alpha particle n
cząstka alfa
positively charged nucleus

alpha radiation n
promieniowanie alfa
radiation of alpha particles

alpha version n
wersja alfa
software in an early status

alphabet /ˈæl.fə.bɛt/ /ˈæl.fə.bɪt/ n
alfabet abecadło
an ordered set of letters used in a language

alphabetical /ˌæl.fəˈbɛt.ɪ.kəl/ /ˌælfəˈbɛtɪkəl/ adj
alfabetyczny abecadłowy alfabetowy
in the sequence of the letters of the alphabet
pertaining to the alphabet

alphabetical order n
porządek alfabetyczny
the sequence of a collection of items

alphabetically adv
abecadłowo alfabetycznie
arranged in the sequence of the alphabet
in an alphabetical manner

alphabeticalness n
abecadłowość

alphabetisation n
alfabetyzacja
act of arranging in alphabetical order

alphanumeric /ˌæl.fə.n(j)uːˈmɛ.ɹɪk/ adj
alfanumeryczny
consisting of letters and numbers

alphasyllabary n
abugida
an alphasyllabary

alphorn /ˈalp.hɔːn/ n
róg alpejski
musical instrument

alpine accentor n
płochacz halny
Prunella collaris

alpine chough /ˈalpaɪn ˈtʃʌf/ n
wieszczek
Pyrrhocorax graculus

alpine skiing n
narciarstwo alpejskie narciarstwo zjazdowe
sport

already /ɑlˈɹɛdi/ /ɔlˈɹɛdi/ /ɔːlˈɹɛdi/ adv
już
prior to some time
so soon

also /ˈɑl.soʊ/ /ˈɔl.soʊ/ /ˈɔːl.səʊ/ adv
także też również
in addition; besides; as well; further; too

also known as adv
także znany jako
used to introduce an alternative name

alt key n
alt
computing: a key on a keyboard

alt-girl n
alternatywka

alt-right n
alt-right neoreakcja
group of right-wing ideologies

altar /ˈɑl.tɚ/ /ˈɒl.tə/ /ˈɔl.tɚ/ /ˈɔːl.tə/ n
ołtarz
flat-topped structure used for religious rites

altar boy n
ministrant
A boy serving as an acolyte

altar girl n
ministrantka
a girl serving as an acolyte

altazimuth n
altazymut
the surveying instrument that has a mount permitting both horizontal and vertical rotation

alter /ˈɑl.tɚ/ /ˈɒl.tə/ /ˈɔl.tɚ/ /ˈɔːl.tə/ v
zmieniać zmienić przerabiać przerobić
to change the form or structure of

alter ego /ˈɔl.tɚ iɡoʊ/ /ˈɔːl.təɹ iːɡəʊ/ n
alter ego drugie ja
alternate personality or persona

alter-globalist n
alterglobalista alterglobalistka

alter-globalization n
alterglobalizacja alterglobalizm

alteration /ɑl.tɚˈeɪ.ʃən/ /ɒl.tə(ɹ)ˈeɪ.ʃən/ /ɔl.tɚˈeɪ.ʃən/ n
zmiana modyfikacja
the state of being altered

altercation /ɑltəɹˈkeɪʃən/ /ˌɒl-/ /ˌɔltəɹˈkeɪʃən/ /ˌɔːltəˈkeɪʃn̩/ n
alterkacja kłótnia sprzeczka spór zwada
(countable) angry or heated dispute

alternariosis n
alternarioza

alternat n
alternat

alternate /ɒl.ˈtɜː(ɹ).nət/ /ˈɑl.tɚ.neɪt/ /ˈɑl.tɚ.nət/ /ˈɒl.tə(ɹ).ˌneɪt/ /ˈɔl.tɚ.neɪt/ /ˈɔl.tɚ.nət/ adj
alternować
being or succeeding by turns

alternately /ɔlˈtə(ɹ)nətliː/ /ˈɔl.tɚ.nət.li/ [ɔːlˈtɜɹnətlɪ] adv
na zmianę naprzemiennie przemiennie
succeeding by turns

alternating current n
prąd przemienny prąd zmienny
electric current that reverses direction periodically

alternation /ˈɑl.tɚ.ˌneɪ.ʃən/ /ˈɒl.tə(ɹ).ˌneɪ.ʃən/ /ˈɔl.tɚ.ˌneɪ.ʃən/ n
alternacja
alternate succession

alternational adj
alternacyjny

alternative /ɑl.ˈtɝ.nə.tɪv/ /ɒl.ˈtɜː(ɹ).nə.tɪv/ /ɔl.ˈtɝ.nə.tɪv/ adj
alternatywny
other
relating to a choice
not traditional, outside the mainstream, underground

alternative /ɑl.ˈtɝ.nə.tɪv/ /ɒl.ˈtɜː(ɹ).nə.tɪv/ /ɔl.ˈtɝ.nə.tɪv/ n
alternatywa alternatywny
one of several things which can be chosen
alternatywa dysjunkcja
a situation which allows a choice between two or more possibilities

alternative medicine n
medycyna niekonwencjonalna
any of various medical methods and practices used in place of conventional medicine

alternatively /ɑl.ˈtɝ.nə.tɪv.li/ /ɒl.ˈtɜː(ɹ).nə.tɪv.li/ /ɔl.ˈtɝ.nə.tɪv.li/ adv
alternatywnie ewentualnie
in an alternative way

alternativeness n
alternatywność

alternativity n
alternatywność
representation of choice between two or more possibilities
the quality of being alternative

alternator n
alternator
an electric generator which produces alternating current

although /ɑlˈðoʊ/ /ɔlˈðoʊ/ /ɔːlˈðəʊ/ conjunction
chociaż aczkolwiek choć acz lubo mimo że
in spite of the fact that
jednakże
but

altitude /ˈælt.ɪˌtjuːd/ /ˈælt.ɪˌtuːd/ /ˈælt.ɪˌt͡ʃuːd/ n
wysokość bezwzględna
absolute height

altitude sickness n
choroba wysokościowa
oxygen deficiency at high altitudes

altitudinal adj
wysokościowy
of or in relation to altitude

alto /ˈæl.toʊ/ /ˈæl.təʊ/ n
alt
musical part
alt alcista alcistka altysta altystka
person or instrument

alto saxophonist n
alcista alcistka altysta altystka

altocumulus n
altocumulus
cloud

altogether /ɔl.tuˈɡɛð.ɚ/ /ɔː.tuːˈɡɛð.ə(ɹ)/ /ɔːl.təˈɡɛð.ə/ /ɔːl.tʊˈɡɛð.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈɑl.təˌɡɛð.ɚ/ /ˈɔl.təˌɡɛð.ɚ/ adv
całkiem całkowicie zupełnie
without exception; wholly; completely
summa summarum
on the whole; everything considered

altostratus n
altostratus
cloud type

altruism /ˈæl.tɹu.ɪz.əm/ n
altruizm
policy that benefits others' interests

altruist /ˈæltɹu.ɪst/ /ˈɔːltɹu.ɪst/ n
altruista altruistka
person imbued with altruism

altruistic /ˌæl.tɹuˈɪs.tɪk/ /ˌɑl.tɹuˈɪs.tɪk/ adj
altruistyczny bezinteresowny
regardful of others; beneficent; unselfish

altruistically adv
altruistycznie
in an altruistic manner

aludel /ˈæl.jʊ.dɛl/ n
aludel
pear-shaped pot with an opening at each end

alum /ˈæl.əm/ n
ałun
chemistry: double sulfate

aluminic adj
aluminiowy
of, relating to or containing aluminium

aluminise v
aluminiować
to coat

aluminium /əˈluːmɪnəm/ /ˌæl.(j)uˈmɪn.i.əm/ /ˌæl.(j)uˈmɪn.jəm/ /ˌæl.(j)ʊˈmɪn.i.əm/ /ˌæl.(j)ʊˈmɪn.jəm/ /ˌɛl.(j)ɘˈmɘn.jɘm/ n
glin aluminium
silvery metal

aluminium foil n
folia aluminiowa
very thin, pliable, eaily torn sheet of aluminium

aluminium oxide n
tritlenek diglinu
alumina, Al₂O₃

aluminography n
algrafia aluminografia

aluminothermy n
aluminotermia
the production of a metal from its oxide by heating it with aluminium

aluminous adj
ałunowy
of or pertaining to alumina or alum

alumnus /əˈlʌmnəs/ n
alumn
a male graduate

alunite n
ałunit
mineral

alveolar /al.ˈviː.əl.ə/ /ælˈvi.lɚ/ /ælˈvi.əl.ɚ/ /ˌal.viˈəʊ.lə/ adj
dziąsłowy alweolarny
formed with the tongue touching or approaching the ridge behind the upper teeth

alveolar ridge n
wał dziąsłowy
ridge that forms the borders of the maxilla and the mandible

alveolus /alˈviː.əl.əs/ /ælˈvi.əl.əs/ /ˌal.viˈəʊ.ləs/ n
pęcherzyk płucny
small air sac in the lungs

alveopalatal adj
alweopalatalny dziąsłowo-podniebienny przedniopodniebienny
intermediate in articulation between the coronal and dorsal consonants

alveopalatal n
spółgłoska [[dziąsłowo-podniebienny|dziąsłowo-podniebienna]] spółgłoska alweopalatalna spółgłoska przedniopodniebienna
any consonant that is intermediate in articulation between the coronal and dorsal consonants

always /ˈɑl.weɪz/ /ˈɔl.weɪz/ /ˈɔl.wiz/ /ˈɔl.wəz/ /ˈɔləs/ /ˈɔː(l).weɪz/ /ˈɔːl.wɪz/ [-wɪz] [ˈɑɫ.weɪz] [ˈɒː(ɫ)we(ɪ)z] [ˈɔ.wez] [ˈɔˑɪ̯z] adv
zawsze ciągle stale
constantly during a certain period, or regularly at stated intervals
zawsze zawżdy
at all times

alyssum n
smagliczka
any of several plants, of the genus Alyssum

am I under arrest phraseologicalUnit
czy jestem aresztowany?

amadou /ˈæ.mə.duː/ n
hubka
spongy, flammable substance prepared from bracket fungi

amalaka n
amalaka

amalgam /əˈmæl.ɡəm/ n
amalgam amalgamat
combination
amalgamat ortęć
alloy

amalgamate /əˈmælɡəˌmeɪt/ v
amalgamować
to make an alloy of mercury and another metal

amalgamation /əˌmælɡəˈmeɪʃən/ n
amalgamacja
the production of an alloy of mercury
the process of amalgamating

amanita /ˌæməˈnaɪtə/ n
muchomor
mushroom of the genus Amanita

amanitin n
amanityna
deadly amatoxin

amaranth /-ɹænt/ /ˈæməɹænθ/ /ˈæməˌɹænθ/ n
amarant szarłat
purplish-red colour
szarłat amarant
herb of the genus Amaranthus

amaryllis /ˌæməˈɹɪlɪs/ n
amarylis
Amaryllis belladonna

amass /əˈmæs/ v
gromadzić zgromadzić
to collect into a mass or heap

amastia n
amastia
absence of breast tissue, nipple, and areola

amateur /ˈæ.mə.tə/ /ˈæ.mə.tɚ/ /ˈæ.mə.t͡ʃɚ/ /ˈæ.mə.t͡ʃʊɚ/ adj
amatorski
created, done, or populated by amateurs or non-professional
showing lack of professionalism, experience or talent

amateur /ˈæ.mə.tə/ /ˈæ.mə.tɚ/ /ˈæ.mə.t͡ʃɚ/ /ˈæ.mə.t͡ʃʊɚ/ n
amator amatorka
person attached to a pursuit without pursuing it professionally
someone unqualified

amateur radio n
krótkofalarstwo
hobby

amateurish /ˈæ.mə.tjʊɚ.ɪʃ/ /ˈæ.mə.t͡ʃʊɚ.ɪʃ/ adj
amatorski
reflecting the efforts of an amateur

amateurishly adv
amatorsko
In an amateurish manner

amateurishness n
amatorskość

amateurism n
amatorstwo
the opinion or conviction
amatorstwo amatorszczyzna
amateur beliefs and practices

amateurly /æmət͡ʃɚli/ adv
amatorsko
in an amateur manner

amatol n
amatol
high explosive made from ammonium nitrate and trinitrotoluene

amaze /əˈmeɪz/ v
osłupić zadziwiać zadziwić zdumiewać zdumieć
to fill (someone) with surprise and wonder

amazed /əˈmeɪzd/ adj
zdumiony
astonished; confounded with fear, surprise or wonder

amazement /əˈmeɪz.mənt/ n
zdumienie
the condition of being amazed; overwhelming wonder, as from surprise, sudden fear

amazing /əˈmeɪzɪŋ/ [əˈmeɪ̯zɪŋ] adj
zdumiewający
causing wonder and amazement

amazingly /əˈmeɪzɪŋli/ adv
zaskakująco zdumiewająco
difficult to believe
wonderfully

amazonite /ˈæm.ə.zəˌnaɪt/ n
amazonit
gem

ambassador /æmˈbæs.ə.də(ɹ)/ /æmˈbæs.ə.dɚ/ /æmˈbæs.əˌdɔɹ/ n
ambasador ambasadorka
minister
representative

ambassadorial /æm.bæs.əˈdɔɹ.iəl/ adj
ambasadorski
pertaining to an ambassador

ambassadorless adj
bez ambasadorów

ambassadorship n
ambasadorostwo ambasadorstwo
the post or office of ambassador

ambassadress n
ambasadorka ambasador
female ambassador
ambasadorowa
wife of an ambassador

amber /ˈam.bə/ /ˈæm.bɚ/ adj
bursztynowy
of a brownish yellow colour

amber /ˈam.bə/ /ˈæm.bɚ/ n
bursztyn
colour
bursztyn jantar
fossil resin
żółte
traffic light colour

ambergris /ˈæm.bə.ɡɹɪs/ /ˈæm.bɚ.ɡɹis/ /ˈæm.bɚ.ɡɹɪs/ n
ambra
waxy substance produced by sperm whales

ambi- prefix
ambi- obu-
both, on both sides

ambiance /ˈæm.bi.əns/ /ˈɑm.bi.ɑns/ /ˈɒm.bi.ɒns/ n
atmosfera
particular mood or atmosphere of an environment

ambidextrous /ˌæm.biˈdɛk.stɹəs/ /ˌæm.bɪˈdɛk.stɹəs/ adj
oburęczny
having equal ability in both hands

ambient /ˈæm.bi.ənt/ adj
atmosferyczny
(music) evoking or creating an atmosphere
otaczający
encompassing on all sides

ambient /ˈæm.bi.ənt/ n
ambient
Type of modern music
otoczenie
Something that surrounds

ambigram n
ambigram
design that reads as the same word or phrase in two different orientations

ambiguity /æm.bɪˈɡjuː.ɪ.ti/ /ˌæm.bəˈɡjuː.ə.ti/ n
wieloznaczność
something liable to more than one interpretation

ambiguous /æmˈbɪ.ɡju.əs/ adj
dwuznaczny wieloznaczny
open to multiple interpretations

ambiophonic adj
ambiofoniczny

ambiophonics n
ambiofonia
technique using digital signal processing and two loudspeakers directly in front of the listener

ambitendency n
ambitendencja

ambition /æmˈbɪʃ.ən/ n
ambicja
desire
personal quality

ambitionist n
ambicjant ambicjoner ambicjusz ambitnik

ambitious /æmˈbɪʃ.əs/ adj
ambitny
possessing, or controlled by, ambition
hard to achieve
ambitny ambicjonalny
showy

ambitiously adv
ambicjonalnie ambitnie
in an ambitious manner

ambitus /ˈæmbɪtəs/ n
ambitus
music

ambivalence /æmˈbɪvələns/ n
ambiwalencja
coexistence of opposing attitudes
niezdecydowanie
state of uncertainty

ambivalent /æmˈbɪv.ə.lənt/ adj
ambiwalentny
experiencing or expressing opposing feelings

ambivalently adv
ambiwalentnie
in an ambivalent manner

ambivert /-vəːt/ /ˈæmbəˌvɚt/ /ˈæmbɪvɜːt/ n
ambiwertyk
person who is neither clearly extroverted nor introverted

amble /ˈæm.bəl/ v
spacerować
to stroll or walk slowly and leisurely

amblygonite n
ambligonit
a mineral that is an important ore of lithium

amblyopia /æmblɪˈəʊpɪə/ n
ambliopia niedowidzenie
dimness or blurring of the eyesight

ambo /ˈæm.bəʊ/ n
ambona
stationary podium

ambrosia /æmˈbɹoʊʒə/ n
ambrozja
food of gods or delicious foods

ambrosial /amˈbɹəʊzɪəl/ /æmˈbɹoʊʒəl/ adj
ambrozyjski
succulently sweet or fragrant

ambry /ˈæm.bɹi/ n
almaria armaria
historical wardrobe or chest

ambulacral adj
ambulakralny
pertaining to the ambulacrum

ambulance /ˈæm.bjə.ləns/ /ˈæm.bjəˌlæns/ n
karetka ambulans
emergency vehicle

ambulatory /-bjʊ-/ /ˈam.bjə.ləˌtoɹ.i/ /ˌæm.bjəˈleɪ.tɹi/ adj
ambulatoryjny
performed on or involving an ambulatory patient or an outpatient

ambulatory /-bjʊ-/ /ˈam.bjə.ləˌtoɹ.i/ /ˌæm.bjəˈleɪ.tɹi/ n
ambit
round walkway encircling the altar

ambush /ˈæm.bʊʃ/ n
zasadzka
attack

ambush /ˈæm.bʊʃ/ v
wciągać w zasadzkę wciągnąć w zasadzkę zaczaić się zaczajać się
to attack by ambush; to waylay
zaczaić się zaczajać się
to station in ambush with a view to surprise an enemy

ambush marketing n
marketing pasożytniczy marketing podstępny
strategy wherein advertisers associate themselves with an event without paying any sponsorship fee

amchur n
amchur

amelioration /əˌmiːliəˈɹeɪʃən/ n
amelioracja ulepszenie
act of making better

ameliorative adj
amelioracyjny
(philosophy)
amelioracyjny polepszający
able to repair or ameliorate

ameloblast n
ameloblast
epithelial cell

amen /eɪˈmɛn/ /ɑːˈmɛn/ /ˈeɪ.mɛn/ adv
amen
so be it
truly, verily

amen /eɪˈmɛn/ /ɑːˈmɛn/ /ˈeɪ.mɛn/ interjection
amen
expression of strong agreement

amenable /əˈmiːnəbəl/ /əˈmɛn.ə.bəl/ adj
uległy
willing to comply with; agreeable

amend /əˈmɛnd/ v
poprawiać się poprawić się
to become better
poprawiać poprawić
to make better

amendment /ʌˈmɛnd.mənt/ n
dodatek
that which is added
nowela nowelizacja poprawka
correction or addition to a law

amenorrhoea /əˌmɛnəˈɹiːə/ /ˌeɪmɛnəˈɹiːə/ n
brak miesiączki
lack of a menstrual period

amentia /eɪˈmɛnʃə/ /əˈmɛnʃə/ n
amencja
the state of being mentally handicapped

americano n
americano
drink made of espresso diluted with hot water

americium /ˌæməˈɹɪsiəm/ n
ameryk
chemical element with atomic number 95

ametabolic adj
ametaboliczny
not undergoing metamorphosis

ametabolism n
rozwój ametaboliczny

amethodical adj
ametodyczny

amethyst /ˈæm.ə.θɪst/ adj
ametystowy fioletowy
colour

amethyst /ˈæm.ə.θɪst/ n
ametyst
gem

ametropia n
ametropia
any of several disorders of the eye resulting from faulty refractive ability

amiable /ˈeɪ.mi.ə.bəl/ /ˈæ.mi.ə.bəl/ adj
przyjacielski przyjazny życzliwy
friendly as an amiable temper or mood

amianthus n
amiant
a type of asbestos with long, soft, thin fibers

amic adj
aminowy
relating to amine

amicable /ˈæ.mɪ.kə.bəl/ adj
przyjazny
showing friendliness or goodwill

amicably adv
przyjaźnie
friendly, in an amicable manner

amice n
humerał
hood, or cape with a hood, formerly worn by the clergy

amid /əˈmɪd/ preposition
pośród wśród
surrounded by

amidase /ˈæmɪdeɪz/ n
amidaza

amide /ˈeɪ.maɪd/ /ˈæ.maɪd/ /ˈæ.mɪd/ n
amid
organic chemistry: derivative of an oxoacid

amidol n
amidol
hydrochloride used as a photographic developer

amidships /əˈmɪd.ʃɪps/ adv
na śródokręciu
in the middle of a ship

amidst /aˈmɪdst/ /əˈmɪtst/ preposition
pośród
in the midst or middle of; surrounded or encompassed by; among

amikacin /ˌæm.ɪˈkeɪ.sn̩/ n
amikacyna

amimia n
amimia
inability to express oneself using gestures

aminate v
aminować

amine /əˈmiːn/ /ˈeɪ.miːn/ /ˈæ.miːn/ /ˈæ.mɪn/ n
amina
organic compound containing an amine functional group

amino acid n
aminokwas
any of the twenty α-amino acids
any organic compound containing amino and carboxylic acid

amino sugar n
aminocukier aminosacharyd
any monosaccharide in which a single hydroxy group has been replaced by an amino group

aminoacylation n
aminoacylacja aminoacylowanie
the addition of an aminoacyl group to a compound

aminopeptidase n
aminopeptydaza
any of several enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of the peptide bond of the terminal amino acid

aminophenazone n
aminofenazon
a pyrazolone with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties

aminophenol n
aminofenol

aminoplastic n
aminoplast
melamine/formaldehyde resin

amiss /əˈmɪs/ adj
na opak nie tak
wrong

amitosis n
amitoza

amitotic adj
amitotyczny
pertaining to amitosis

amla n
agrest indyjski amla liściokwiat garbnikowy
tree
amla
fruit

ammeter n
amperomierz amperometr
device that measures an electric current

ammocoete n
robaczyca węgornica ślepica
lamprey larva

ammonal /ˈa.mə.nal/ n
amonal
explosive

ammonia /əˈmoʊn.jə/ n
amoniak
the compound NH₃

ammoniacal /aməˈnʌɪəkəl/ adj
amoniakalny amoniakowy
pertaining to or containing ammonia

ammoniate n
amoniakat
any compound containing ammonia bound as a ligand

ammoniate v
amoniakować

ammonic adj
amoniakalny amoniakowy
of or pertaining to ammonia

ammonical adj
amoniakalny amoniakowy
of or pertaining to ammonia

ammonification n
amonifikacja
the formation of ammonia or its compounds

ammonify v
amoniakować

ammonite /ˈæ.məˌnaɪt/ n
amonit
cephalopod
explosive

ammonitic adj
amonitowy
relating to, or containing, ammonites

ammonium /əˈmoʊni.əm/ n
amon
univalent NH₄+ cation

ammonium nitrate n
azotan amonu
ammonium salt of nitric acid

ammunition /ˌæmjuˈnɪʃən/ n
amunicja strzeliwo
articles used in charging firearms

ammunitional adj
amunicyjny

ammunitionless adj
bez amunicji

amnesia /æmˈniːz.i.ə/ /æmˈniːʒə/ /ˌæmˈniʒə/ n
amnezja niepamięć
loss of memory

amnesiac n
amnezjak

amnesic /æmˈniːsɪk/ /æmˈniːʒɪk/ adj
amnestyczny amnezyjny
of, pertaining to, or suffering from amnesia

amnestied /ˈam.nəs.tiːd/ adj
amnestionowana amnestionowany

amnesty /ˈæm.nɪ.sti/ n
amnestia
act of the sovereign power
niepamięć
forgetfulness

amnesty /ˈæm.nɪ.sti/ v
amnestionować amnestiować
to grant a pardon (to a group)

amniocentesis /ˌamnɪə(ʊ)sɛnˈtiːsɪs/ n
amniocenteza amniopunkcja
procedure for obtaining amniotic fluid

amnion /ˈæm.ni.ɑːn/ /ˈæm.nɪ.ɒn/ n
amnion owodnia
a fetal membrane of reptiles, birds, and mammals

amniote /ˈam.nɪ.əʊt/ n
owodniowiec
vertebrate having an amnion during the development of the embryo

amniotic fluid n
wody płodowe płyn owodniowy
fluid that surrounds a developing embryo or fetus

amniotic sac n
błona płodowa
sac in which foetus develops

amoeba /əˈmiːbə/ n
ameba pełzak
member of a genus of unicellular protozoa

amoebal /əˈmiːbəl/ adj
amebowy pełzakowy

amoebalike adj
amebowaty

amoebiasis n
amebiaza ameboza pełzakowica
disease caused by parasitic protozoan

amoebic /əˈmiːbɪk/ adj
amebowy pełzakowy
relating to an amoeba

amoebocyte n
amebocyt
cell that has the form or motion of an amoeba

amoeboid adj
ameboidalny pełzakowaty

amomum n
amomek
any of several spices of genus Amomum

among /əˈmɒŋ/ /əˈmʌŋ/ preposition
pośród wśród między pomiędzy
mingling or intermixing

amoral /eɪˈmɑɹ.əl/ /eɪˈmɒɹ.əl/ /eɪˈmɔɹ.əl/ adj
amoralny niemoralny
of people
immoralny
of acts

amoralism n
amoralizm
doctrine which advocates ignoring moral issues and norms

amoralist n
amoralista amoralistka
one who practises or who advocates amoralism

amorality n
amoralność niemoralność amoralizm
lack of morality

amorally /eɪˈmɔɹəli/ /æˈmɔɹəli/ adv
amoralnie niemoralnie
in an amoral manner

amoretto n
amorek putto
art: cupid

amorous /ˈæ.mə.ɹəs/ /ˈæ.mɹəs/ adj
kochliwy miłosny
inclined to love
miłosny
of or relating to, or produced by, love
indicating love or sexual desire
zakochany
affected with love

amorously /ˈæ.mə.ɹəs.li/ adv
miłośnie
in an amorous manner

amorousness n
zakochanie
the state or quality of being amorous

amorpha n
amorfa

amorphism n
amorfizm
an amorphous quality

amorphous /eɪˈmɔ(ɹ)fəs/ /əˈmɔ(ɹ)fəs/ adj
amorficzny bezkształtny bezpostaciowy
lacking a definite form or clear shape
bezkształtny amorficzny
being without definite character or nature

amorphously adv
bezkształtnie
in an amorphous manner

amorphousness n
amorfia amorficzność bezkształt bezkształtność bezpostaciowość
quality of being amorphous

amortize /əˈmɔɹtaɪz/ /əˈmɔːtaɪz/ /ˈæmɚtaɪz/ v
amortyzować zamortyzować
decrease (debt) in installments

amount /əˈmaʊnt/ n
ilość kwota liczba
quantity or volume
kwota ilość liczba suma
total or sum of items

amount /əˈmaʊnt/ v
być równoznacznym z wynieść
to be the same as
dawać wynieść
to total or evaluate

ampelography n
ampelografia
science of grapevine cultivars

ampere /ˈæmˌpɛər/ /ˈæmˌpɪər/ /ˌæmˈpɪər/ n
amper
unit of electrical current

ampere-hour n
amperogodzina
unit of electric charge

ampere-turn n
amperozwój
unit of magnetomotive force

amperometry n
amperometria
measurement of electric current

ampersand /ˈæm.pə(ɹ).sænd/ /ˈæmp.ə(ɹ)ˌzænd/ n
ampersand

amphetamine /æmˈfɛt.ə.miːn/ /æmˈfɛt.əm.ɪn/ n
amfetamina
amphetamine

amphetaminic adj
amfetaminowy
relating to or containing an amphetamine

amphi- prefix
amfi-
both

amphibian /æmˈfɪbɪən/ adj
amfibijny płazi
of or relating to the class Amphibia

amphibian /æmˈfɪbɪən/ n
amfibia
vehicle
płaz amfibia
vertebrate

amphibiotic adj
amfibiotyczny
describing insects that initially live in water but live on land as adults

amphibious [æmˈfɪbi.əs] adj
amfibijny
capable of functioning on land or in water
occurring on both land and water

amphibole /ˈæm.fɪˌboʊl/ n
amfibol
Any of a large group of similar hydrated double silicate minerals

amphibolic adj
amfibolowy
resembling or containing amphibole

amphibolite /æmˈfɪb.əˌlaɪt/ n
amfibolit
metamorphic rock composed mainly of amphibole

amphibolitic adj
amfibolitowy
pertaining to or composed of amphibolite

amphibological adj
amfiboliczny
grammatically ambiguous

amphiboly /amˈfɪbəli/ n
amfibolia amfibologia
an ambiguous grammatical construction

amphibrach /ˈam.fɪ.bɹak/ n
amfibrach
metrical foot of three syllables

amphibrachic adj
amfibrachiczny
consisting of amphibrachs

amphibrachically adv
amfibrachicznie

amphictyony n
amfiktionia
religious cooperation among ancient Greek city-states

amphidiploid n
amfidiploid
organism having a diploid set of chromosomes from each of its parents

amphigony n
amfigonia
amphigony

amphimacer n
amfimacer amfimakr

amphimixis n
amfimiksja
sexual reproduction

amphiploid n
amfiploid

amphipod /ˈam.fɪ.pɑd/ /ˈam.fɪ.pɒd/ n
obunóg
species of order Amphipoda

amphiprostyle n
amfiprostylos
amphiprostyle temple

amphiprotic adj
amfoteryczny
able to donate and accept a proton

amphiproticity n
amfoteryczność

amphitheatre /ˈæm.fəˌθi.(j)ə.tɚ/ /ˈæm.pəˌθi.(j)ə.tɚ/ /ˈæmfiˌθiːətə/ /ˈæmfɪˌθiːətə/ /ˈæmfɪˌθɪətə/ n
amfiteatr
an open, outdoor theatre

amphitheatrical adj
amfiteatralny
characteristic of an amphitheatre

amphitheatricality n
amfiteatralność

amphitheatrically adv
amfiteatralnie

ampholyte n
amfolit
amphoteric electrolyte

ampholytic adj
amfolityczny

amphora /ˈæm.fə.ɹə/ n
amfora
large clay vessel used in ancient Greece and Rome for storing wine and oil

amphoric adj
amforyczny
medicine: produced by or indicating a hollow cavity in the lungs

amphoteric adj
amfoteryczny
having the characteristics of both an acid and a base

ampicillin /ˌæm.pɪˈsɪl.ɪn/ n
ampicylina

ample /ˈæm.pəl/ adj
duży obszerny
large; great in size

amplidyne n
amplidyna

amplification /ˌæmplɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/ n
amplifikacja
in genetics
in translation studies
amplifikacja nasilenie wzmocnienie
result of amplifying

amplifier /ˈæm.plə.faɪ.ə/ /ˈæm.plə.faɪ.ɚ/ /ˈæm.plə.faɪɹ/ n
amplifikator wzmacniacz
appliance or circuit

amplify /ˈæmp.lɪ.faɪ/ v
amplifikować
enlarge rhetorically
increase amplitude
render larger etc.

amplitude /ˈæm.plɪ.tud/ n
amplituda
physics: maximum absolute value
maths: maximum absolute value

amplitude modulation n
modulacja amplitudy modulacja amplitudowa
method of sending information

ampoule /ˈæm.pjuːl/ /ˈæm.puːl/ n
ampułka
small glass vial hermetically sealed

amputate /ˈæmpjʊteɪt/ v
amputować
to surgically remove a body part

amputation /ˌæmpjʊˈteɪʃən/ n
amputacja
surgical removal of a limb

amputational adj
amputacyjny

amrita n
amrita amryta
drink of the Hindu gods

amulet /ˈæm.jə.lɪt/ n
amulet
protective charm

amuse /əˈmjuːz/ v
bawić rozśmieszać rozśmieszyć śmieszyć
to cause laughter
bawić zabawiać rozbawić rozerwać
to entertain or occupy in a pleasant manner

amusement /əˈmjuzmənt/ n
zabawa
entertainment

amusement park n
lunapark wesołe miasteczko park rozrywki
commercially-operated collection of rides, games and other entertainment attractions

amuser n
bawiciel zabawiacz
someone who amuses

amusia n
amuzja
the inability to comprehend or respond to music

amusing /əˈmjuːzɪŋ/ adj
zabawny śmieszny
funny

amygdala /əˈmɪɡ.də.lə/ n
ciało migdałowate
region of the brain

amygdalin n
amigdalina
glycoside found in bitter almonds

amylase /ˈæmɪleɪs/ n
amylaza diastaza
enzyme, present in saliva, that breaks down carbohydrates such as starch

amylograph n
amylograf

amyloid n
amyloid
misfolded proteins that disrupt normal organ function

amyloidosis n
amyloidoza skrobiawica
group of disorders

amylopectin n
amylopektyna
insoluble form of starch

amyloplast n
amyloplast
leucoplast responsible for the storage of amylopectin

amylose n
amyloza
soluble form of starch

amyotrophic lateral sclerosis n
stwardnienie zanikowe boczne
disease

amyotrophy n
amiotrofia
atrophy of muscles

an apple a day keeps the doctor away /əˈn‿æpəl‿ə ˈdeɪ ˈkips ðə ˈdɑktɚ əˈweɪ/ /əˈn‿æpəl‿ə ˈdeɪ ˈkiːps ðə ˈdɒktəɹ‿əˈweɪ/ proverb
jabłko dziennie trzyma lekarza z dala
apples are healthy and stave off illnesses

an arm and a leg n
kosztować majątek
exorbitant amount

an army marches on its stomach proverb
armia maszeruje na brzuchu

ana- prefix
ana-
up; upwards

anabasine n
anabazyna
pyridine alkaloid

anabatic adj
anabatyczny
of an air current: rising

anabiosis n
anabioza
state of suspended animation

anabiotic adj
anabiotyczny
relating to or recovering from anabiosis

anabolic /ˌænəˈbɑlɪk/ /ˌænəˈbɒlɪk/ adj
anaboliczny
relating to anabolism

anabolic /ˌænəˈbɑlɪk/ /ˌænəˈbɒlɪk/ n
anabolik
anabolic steroid

anabolic steroid n
anabolik
class of steroid

anabolism /ə.ˈnæ.bə.ˌlɪ.zəm/ n
anabolizm
the constructive metabolism of the body

anachronism /əˈnæ.kɹə.nɪ.z(ə)m/ n
anachronizm anachroniczność
chronological mistake
person or thing which seems to belong to a different time

anachronistic /əˌnæk.ɹəˈnɪs.tɪk/ adj
anachroniczny
erroneous in date
preferring past things and values

anachronistically /əˌnækɹəˈnɪstɪkli/ adv
anachronicznie
in an anachronistic manner

anacoenosis n
apel do opinii przeciwnika

anacoluthic adj
anakolutyczny
pertaining to, being, or resembling an anacoluthon

anacoluthon /ænəkəˈluːθɒn/ n
anakolut
intentional rhetorical structure

anaconda /ˌænəˈkɒndə/ n
anakonda
any of various large nonvenomous snake of the genus Eunectes

anacreontic /əˌnakɹɪˈɒntɪk/ /əˌnækɹiˈɑntɪk/ adj
anakreontyczny
pertaining to the Greek poet Anacreon

anacreontic /əˌnakɹɪˈɒntɪk/ /əˌnækɹiˈɑntɪk/ n
anakreontyk

anacrusis /anəˈkɹuːsɪs/ n
przedtakt anakruza
(music) an unstressed note (or notes) before the first strong beat of a phrase
(prosody) an unstressed syllable at the start of a verse

anadiplosis /ˌænədəˈploʊsɪs/ n
anadiploza
a rhetorical device

anadromous /əˈnad.ɹə.məs/ /əˈnæd.ɹə.məs/ adj
anadromiczny
of migratory fish

anaerobe /ˈænəˌɹoʊb/ n
anaerob anaerobiont anoksybiont beztlenowiec
anaerobic organism

anaerobic /ˌænəˈɹoʊbik/ adj
anaerobowy
relating to anaerobes
beztlenowy
without oxygen

anaerobically adv
beztlenowo
In an anaerobic manner

anaerobiosis n
anaerobioza anoksybioza
life sustained in the absence of air or oxygen

anaerobiotic adj
beztlenowy
relating to anaerobes

anaerobiotically adv
beztlenowo
In an anaerobic manner

anagenesis n
anageneza
evolution of a new species so that the new species replaces the old rather than branching to produce an additional species

anaglyph n
anaglif
decorative ornament
matched pair of images designed to produce a three-dimensional effect

anagnorisis n
anagnoryzm
moment in the plot when a character makes a critical discovery

anagogic adj
anagogiczny
pertaining to or employing an anagoge

anagram /ˈæ.nə.ɡɹæm/ n
anagram
word or phrase created by rearranging letters from another word or phrase

anagram /ˈæ.nə.ɡɹæm/ v
anagramować

anal /ˈeɪ.nəl/ adj
analny odbytowy odbytnicowy odbytniczy
of, related to, intended for or involving the anus
pedantyczny
of a person, compulsive and stubborn

anal sex n
seks analny anal branie do dupy branie w dupę
sex involving the anus

analcime /əˈnæl.saɪm/ /əˈnæl.siːm/ n
analcym
sodium mineral

analects [ˈæ.nəˌlɛk(t)s] n
analekta
a collection of excerpts or quotes

analeptic /ˌænəˈlɛptɪk/ adj
analeptyczny
that restores or stimulates health

analeptic /ˌænəˈlɛptɪk/ n
analeptyk
restorative or stimulative medication

analgesia /ˌæn.əlˈd͡ʒiː.zi.ə/ /ˌæn.əlˈd͡ʒiː.ʒi.ə/ /ˌæn.əlˈd͡ʒiː.ʒə/ n
analgezja
absence of the sense of pain

analgesic /ˌæn.l̩ˈd͡ʒiː.sɪk/ /ˌæn.l̩ˈd͡ʒiː.zɪk/ adj
analgetyczny przeciwbólowy
of or relating to analgesia

analgesic /ˌæn.l̩ˈd͡ʒiː.sɪk/ /ˌæn.l̩ˈd͡ʒiː.zɪk/ n
analgetyk lek przeciwbólowy
medicine that reduces pain

analog /ˈæ.nə.lɑɡ/ /ˈæ.nə.lɒɡ/ /ˈæ.nə.lɔɡ/ adj
analogowy
represented by a continuously variable physical quantity

analog /ˈæ.nə.lɑɡ/ /ˈæ.nə.lɒɡ/ /ˈæ.nə.lɔɡ/ n
analog
something that bears an analogy
structural derivative

analogate n
analogat

analogical adj
analogiczny
analogical

analogically adv
analogicznie
in an analogical manner

analogicalness n
analogiczność
the state or quality of being analogical

analogism n
analogizm
investigation of things by the analogy they bear to each other

analogize v
analogizować
to express as an analogy

analogly adv
analogowo

analogon n
analogon

analogous /əˈnæl.ə.dʒəs/ /əˈnæl.ə.ɡəs/ adj
analogiczny
having analogy; corresponding to something else

analogously /əˈnæl.ə.ɡəs.li/ adv
analogicznie
in an analogous manner

analogy /əˈnæləd͡ʒi/ n
analogia
relationship of resemblance or equivalence

analphabet /ænˈælfəbɛt/ /ˌæˈnælfəbɛt/ n
analfabeta analfabetka
person who does not know the letters of the alphabet

analysand n
analizowany
a person

analysis /æˈnɑ.lə.sɪs/ /əˈnæləsɪs/ /əˈnælɪsɪs/ n
analiza
decomposition into components in order to study
chemistry: process of breaking down a substance or the result of this process
in mathematics
logic: proof by deduction from known truths
result of such process

analyst /ˈænəlɪst/ n
analityk analityczka
person who analyses
psychoanalityk
psychoanalysis practitioner

analytic /ˌænəˈlɪtɪk/ adj
analityczny
able to analyze
relating to analysis
relating to division into elements or principles

analytic geometry n
geometria analityczna
subbranch of geometry

analyticality n
analityczność

analytically /æn.əˈlɪt.ɪk.əl.li/ adv
analitycznie
in an analytical manner

analytics /ˌæn.əˈlɪt.ɪks/ n
analityka
application of computer technology, operational research, and statistics to solve problems

analyze /ˈæn.lɑɪz/ /ˈæn.ə.laɪz/ /ˈæn.ə.lɑɪz/ [ˈɛən.ə.laɪz] [ˈɛːn.ə.laɪz] v
analizować przeanalizować zanalizować
to subject to analysis

analyzer n
analizator
instrument
occupation

anamnesis /ˌænæmˈniːsɪs/ n
anamneza
medical history of a patient

anamnestic adj
anamnestyczny
pertaining to anamnesis

anamniote n
bezowodniowiec

anamorphic /ˌænəˈmɔɹfɪk/ /ˌænəˈmɔːfɪk/ adj
anamorfotyczny
producing distorted images

anamorphosis n
anamorfoza
distorted image that may be viewed correctly from a specific angle or with a specific mirror

anantapodoton n
anantapodoton

ananym n
ananim
pseudonym derived by spelling one's name backwards

anapest /ˈæ.nə.piːst/ /ˈæ.nə.pɛst/ n
anapest
verse using this meter
anapest antydaktyl
metrical foot

anapestic /ˌæ.nə.ˈpiː.stɪk/ adj
anapestyczny
of, or relating to, or composed of anapests

anaphase /ˈænəˌfeɪz/ n
anafaza
stage of mitosis and meiosis during which the chromosomes separate

anaphora /ænəˈfɔɹə/ /ənˈæfəɹə/ n
anafora
repetition of a phrase used for emphasis
linguistics: expression that refers to another expression
Christianity

anaphoresis n
anaforeza
movement of electrically charged particles

anaphoric adj
anaforyczny
relating to an anaphora

anaphylactic adj
anafilaktyczny
pertaining to anaphylaxis

anaphylactic shock n
wstrząs anafilaktyczny
severe allergic reaction

anaphylaxis n
anafilaksja
extreme sensitivity to a substance such as a foreign protein or drug

anarchic /ænˈɑɹ.kɪk/ /ænˈɑː.kɪk/ /əˈnɑɹ.kɪk/ /əˈnɑː.kɪk/ adj
anarchiczny
chaotic, without law or order
relating to anarchy

anarchically adv
anarchicznie
anarchically

anarchism /ˈanəkɪz(ə)m/ /ˈænəɹˌkɪzəm/ /ˈæˌnɑɹˌkɪzəm/ n
anarchizm
belief that proposes the absence and abolition of government in all forms

anarchist /ˈæn.ɑɹ.kɪst/ /ˈæn.ə.kɪst/ n
anarchista anarchistka
believer in anarchism

anarchistic /ˌanəˈkɪstɪk/ /ˌænəɹˈkɪstɪk/ adj
anarchistyczny
of or relating to anarchism or anarchy

anarchistically adv
anarchistycznie
in an anarchistic manner

anarchization n
anarchizacja

anarchize v
anarchizować zanarchizować
to reduce or elevate to a state of anarchy

anarcho- prefix
anarcho-
denoting anarchy or anarchism

anarcho-capitalism n
anarchokapitalizm
philosophy that advocates the elimination of the state and a self-regulating free market

anarcho-collectivism n
anarchokolektywizm

anarcho-communism n
anarchokomunizm
form of anarchism advocating the abolition of the state and capitalism

anarcho-communist adj
anarchokomunistyczny
pertaining or relating to anarcho-communism

anarcho-syndicalism n
anarchosyndykalizm
A branch or field of anarchy that focuses on the abolition of capitalism

anarcho-syndicalist adj
anarchosyndykalistyczny
relating to or advocating anarcho-syndicalism

anarcho-syndicalist n
anarchosyndykalista
person who advocates anarcho-syndicalism

anarchy /ˈæn.ɑɹ.ki/ /ˈæn.ə.ki/ [ˈɛən.ɑɹ.ki] n
anarchia bezprawie swawola
political disorder and confusion
anarchia bezrząd
absence of any form of political authority or government

anarchy symbol n
anarchia

anarthria n
anartria
speech impairment in which the ability to articulate is lost completely

anastasis n
zmartwychwstanie
resurrection in a Christian context

anastatic adj
anastatyczny
printing

anastigmat n
anastygmat

anastomosis /ənæstəˈməʊsɪs/ n
anastomoza
connection between blood vessels
connection between two channels
creation of a connection between blood vessels

anastrophe n
inwersja metateza przekładnia przestawnia szyk przestawny
switching in the syntactical order of words

anastrophic adj
przekładniowy
relating to an anastrophe

anastylosis n
anastyloza
reassembly of ruined monuments

anatase /ˈænəˌteɪs/ /ˈænəˌteɪz/ n
anataz
mineral

anathema /əˈnæθəmə/ n
anatema
ban or curse
przekleństwo
imprecation

anatomical /æn.ə.ˈtɒm.ɪ.kəl/ /æn.ə.ˈtɔm.ɪ.kəl/ /æn.əˈtɑ.mɪ.kəl/ adj
anatomiczny
Of or relating to anatomy or dissection

anatomical snuffbox n
tabakierka anatomiczna
deepening on the hand

anatomically adv
anatomicznie
pertaining to anatomy

anatomist /əˈnæt.ə.mɪst/ n
anatom
one involved in the science of anatomical structures

anatomopathological adj
anatomopatologiczny

anatomopathologist n
anatomopatolog

anatomopathology n
anatomia patologiczna

anatomy /əˈnæt.ə.mi/ n
anatomia
art of studying the different parts of any organized body

anatoxin n
anatoksyna
toxoid

ancestor /ˈæn.sɛs.tə/ /ˈæn.sɛs.tɚ/ n
przodek antenat antenatka wstępny
one from whom a person is descended

ancestral /ænˈsɛs.təɹ.əl/ /ænˈsɛs.tɹəl/ adj
ancestralny antenacki
pertaining to ancestors

ancestress /ˈæn.sɛs.tɹəs/ /ˈæn.sɛs.tɹɪs/ n
antenatka przodkini
female ancestor

ancestry /ˈæn.sɛs.tɹi/ n
pochodzenie
condition as to ancestors
przodkowie
series of ancestors or progenitors

anchor /ˈæŋ.kə/ /ˈæŋ.kɚ/ n
kotwica
tool to moor a vessel into sea bottom
spiker spikerka
(TV) anchorman or anchorwoman

anchor /ˈæŋ.kə/ /ˈæŋ.kɚ/ v
zakotwiczyć
to hold an object to a fixed point

anchorage /ˈæŋkəɹɪd͡ʒ/ n
kotwicowisko
place for anchoring

anchoretically adv
pustelniczo samotniczo

anchoretism n
anachoretyzm

anchorite n
anachoreta
one who lives in seclusion

anchorless adj
bez kotwicy

anchorlessness n
cecha tego, co jest bez kotwicy

anchorman n
gospodarz prezenter prowadzący
TV host
kotwicowy
nautical: person in charge of the anchor

anchorwoman n
prezenterka prowadząca
female anchorperson

anchovy /ænˈt͡ʃoʊ.vi/ /ænˈt͡ʃəʊ.vi/ /ˈæn.t͡ʃə.vi/ /ˈæn.t͡ʃəʊ.vi/ n
sardela anchois
small saltwater fish

ancient /ˈeɪn.ʃənt/ adj
pradawny
existent or occurring in time long past
starożytny antyczny starodawny
having lasted from a remote period

ancient history n
historia starożytna
period of history
stara historia
not worth discussing any more

ancient monument n
zabytek
ancient building, structure or site

ancientness n
antyczność nienowoczesność przestarzałość staroświeckość starożytność
State or quality of being ancient

ancillary /ænˈsɪl.ə.ɹi/ /ˈæns.əˌlɛɹ.iː/ adj
akcesoryczny podporządkowany podrzędny pomocniczy
subordinate, secondary, auxiliary, accessory

ancillary /ænˈsɪl.ə.ɹi/ /ˈæns.əˌlɛɹ.iː/ n
pomoce środek
thing
pomocnik
person

anconeus n
mięsień łokciowy
muscle of the elbow and forearm

ancylostoma n
tęgoryjec
any hookworm of the genus Ancylostoma

and /n̩/ /n̩d/ /æn/ /ænd/ /ən/ /ənd/ /ɛn/ /ɛnd/ conjunction
i oraz
used at the end of a list to indicate the last item
used to show causation
i oraz tudzież
used to connect two similar words, phrases, et cetera

and change phraseologicalUnit
pi razy drzwi z groszami z hakiem
and some quantity, but less than the increment to the next round number

and how /ˈænd ˈhaʊ/ phraseologicalUnit
i to bardzo i to jaki jeszcze jak
strong confirmation of preceding

and so forth phraseologicalUnit
i tak dalej itd. itp.
indicates that a list continues in a similar manner

and that phraseologicalUnit
i tym podobne
and everything related to that

and the like phraseologicalUnit
i tym podobne
and the like

and then some phraseologicalUnit
a nawet więcej
confirming the preceding utterance

and/or /ˈændɔː(ɹ)/ conjunction
i/lub
inclusive "or"

andalusite n
andaluzyt
mineral

andesine n
andezyn
sodium calcium aluminum silicate

andesite /ˈæn.dəˌsaɪt/ /ˈæn.dɪˌsaɪt/ n
andezyt
any of a class of fine-grained intermediate igneous rock

andesitic adj
andezytowy
pertaining to, or composed of andesite

andiron /ˈændaɪə(ɹ)n/ n
kozioł
a utensil for supporting wood while burning

andradite n
andradyt
nesosilicate mineral of the garnet group

andragogy /ˈan.dɹə.ɡɒ.dʒi/ /ˈan.dɹə.ɡɒ.ɡi/ n
andragogika
methods used to teach adults

andragologist n
andragog

andro- /ændɹoʊ-/ prefix
andro-
human
male

androcephalous adj
androkefaliczny
having a human head

androgen n
androgen
androgen

androgenic adj
androgeniczny androgenny
androgenic

androgyne /ˈæn.dɹə.d͡ʒaɪn/ n
androgyne
a person who is androgynous

androgynous /ænˈdɹɑd͡ʒ.ən.əs/ /ænˈdɹɒd͡ʒ.ɪn.əs/ adj
androginiczny androgyniczny
possessing qualities of both sexes

androgynousness n
androginiczność
the quality of being androgynous

androgyny /ænˈdɹɑd͡ʒəni/ /ænˈdɹɒdʒəni/ n
androginia
hermaphroditism

android /ˈænˌdɹɔɪd/ n
android
robot with human form

andrological adj
andrologiczny
relating to andrology

andrologist n
androlog
person who studies andrology

andrology n
andrologia
branch of medicine concerned with male diseases

andropause n
andropauza męskie klimakterium
male equivalent of the menopause

androphobia n
androfobia
fear of men

androsterone n
androsteron
androgenic hormone

anecdotal /ˌænɪkˈdoʊtl̩/ adj
anegdociarski anegdotyczny
containing of anecdotes
anegdotyczny
relating to or of the nature of an anecdote

anecdotalism n
anegdociarstwo
predisposition to relate anecdotes

anecdotality n
anegdotyczność

anecdotally adv
anegdotycznie
in an anecdotal manner

anecdote /ˈæ.nɪk.doʊt/ n
anegdota
short account of an incident

anecdotist n
anegdociarz
one whoe relates anecdotes

anechoic /æn.ɛ.ˈ koʊ.ɪk/ /æn.ɛ.ˈ kəʊ.ɪk/ adj
bezechowy bezodbiciowy
lacking echoes

anecumene n
anekumena
all uninhabited parts of the world

anemia /əˈnimi.ə/ n
niedokrwistość anemia
medical condition with decreased oxygen transport

anemic /ʌˈni.mɪk/ adj
anemiczny
of or pertaining to anemia
listless, lacking vitality

anemic /ʌˈni.mɪk/ n
anemiczka anemik

anemically adv
anemicznie
in an anemic manner

anemization n
anemizacja

anemo- prefix
anemo-
forms words relating to wind

anemochore /əˈniːm.əʊˌkɔː/ /əˈnɛm.əˌkoɹ/ n
anemochor

anemochorous adj
anemochoryczny wiatrosiewny
adapted for dispersal via wind

anemochory n
anemochoria wiatrosiewność
dispersal of seeds, spores, or fruit by wind

anemograph n
anemograf
anemometer that makes a graphical recording

anemometer /ænɪˈmɑmətɚ/ /ænɪˈmɒmətə/ /ænɪˈmɒmɪtə/ n
anemometr wiatromierz
an instrument for measuring and recording the speed of the wind

anemometry n
anemometria
measurement of the direction and velocity of the wind

anemone /əˈnɛm.ə.ni/ /əˈnɛn.ə.mi/ n
zawilec anemon
any plant of genus Anemone

anemophilous adj
anemogamiczny wiatropylny
pollinated by the wind

anemophily n
anemogamia wiatropylność
pollination by the wind

anemoscope n
anemoskop wiatrowskaz
an instrument that shows the direction of the wind

anencephalic adj
anencefaliczny
pertaining to or exhibiting anencephaly

anencephaly /ænɪnˈsɛfəlɪ/ n
anencefalia bezmózgowie
birth defect in which most of the brain and parts of the skull are missing

anepigraph /anˈɛpɪɡɹaf/ /anˈɛpɪɡɹɑːf/ n
anepigraf
work with no title

anergy n
anergia
deficiency of energy
lack of immunity to an antigen

aneroid barometer n
aneroid
barometer that doesn’t use fluid

anesthesia /ˌæn.əsˈti.ʒə/ /ˌæn.əsˈθi.ʒə/ /ˌæn.əsˈθiːz.i.ə/ n
znieczulenie anestezja
loss of bodily sensation

anesthesiological adj
anestezjologiczny
relating to anesthesiology

anesthesiologist n
anestetysta anestezjolog
physician specializing in anesthesiology

anesthesiology n
anestetyka anestezjologia
science of administering anaesthetics

anesthetic /ˌænəsˈtɛtɪk/ /ˌænəsˈθɛtɪk/ adj
anestetyczny anestezyjny
reducing pain sensitivity

anesthetic /ˌænəsˈtɛtɪk/ /ˌænəsˈθɛtɪk/ n
anestetyk
a substance for the reduced perception of pain

anethical adj
aetyczny

aneuploid n
aneuploid

aneuploidy n
aneuploidia
the condition of being aneuploid

aneurysm /ˈan.jʊɹ.ɪz.əm/ /ˈæn.jəɹ.ɪz.əm/ n
tętniak aneuryzma anewryzm
abnormal blood-filled swelling

anew /əˈnjuː/ /əˈnu/ adv
ponownie na nowo znowu znów od nowa
again

angel /ˈeɪn.d͡ʒəl/ /ˈeɪn.d͡ʒɛl/ /ˈæn.d͡ʒəl/ n
anioł
messenger from a deity
in Christian angelology, the lowest order of angels
selfless person

angel investor n
anioł biznesu
angel investor

angel shark n
anioł morski raszpla
a member of the unusual genus Squatina of sharks

angel wings n
chrust chruścik faworek
crisp pastry in the form of twisted ribbons dusted with sugar

angelfish n
skalar
freshwater fish

angelhood n
anielskość anielstwo

angelic /ænˈd͡ʒɛlɪk/ adj
anielski angeliczny
belonging to, proceeding from, or resembling an angel

angelica n
dzięgiel
plants of genus Angelica

angelically /ænˈd͡ʒɛlɪkli/ adv
anielsko
in an angelic manner

angelicness n
anielskość anielstwo
the state or quality of being angelic

angelless adj
bez anioła

angellike adj
aniołkowaty

angelological adj
angelologiczny

angelology n
angelologia angeologia
study of angels

angelophany n
angelofania
appearance of an angel to a person

anger /ˈæŋɡə(ɹ)/ /ˈæŋɡɚ/ n
gniew złość wkurw
strong feeling of displeasure, hostility or antagonism towards someone or something

anger /ˈæŋɡə(ɹ)/ /ˈæŋɡɚ/ v
gniewać się złościć się
to become angry
złościć
to cause such a feeling of antagonism

angerless adj
bezgniewny

angina pectoris /ænˈdʒaɪnə ˈpɛktəˌɹɪs/ /ˈændʒɪnə ˈpɛktəˌɹɪs/ n
dusznica bolesna dławica piersiowa
intermittent chest pain

angio- prefix
angio-
relating to blood vessels or lymph vessels

angiocardiography n
angiokardiografia
radiographic examination using a liquid contrast agent

angioedema /ˌænd͡ʒiəʊ.ɪˈdiːmə/ n
obrzęk naczynioruchowy
swelling of the lower layers of the skin or of other tissues

angiography n
angiografia arteriografia
medical imaging technique

angiology n
angiologia
branch of anatomy

angioplasty /ˈæn.d͡ʒi.əʊ.plæs.ti/ n
angioplastyka balonikowanie
widening of a blood vessel

angiosperm /ˈæn.d͡ʒi.əˌspɝm/ n
nagonasienny
member of plant group

angiostenosis n
angiostenoza

angiotensin /ænd͡ʒɪəʊˈtɛnsɪn/ n
angiotensyna
polypeptides that narrow blood vessels

angle /ˈæŋ.ɡəl/ n
kąt
geometrical figure
kąt miara kąta
measure of such a figure
kąt punkt widzenia
viewpoint
kąt róg węgieł winkiel
corner where two walls intersect

angle iron n
winkiel
L-shaped iron

angle of attack n
kąt natarcia
angle between the chord line of an airfoil and the airflow over it

angler /ˈæŋ.ɡlə(ɹ)/ /ˈæŋ.ɡlɚ/ n
wędkarz
person who fishes with a hook and line

anglerfish /ˈæŋɡləˌfɪʃ/ /ˈæŋɡlɚˌfɪʃ/ n
diabeł morski żabnica
fish of the bony fish order Lophiiformes

anglesite n
anglezyt
crystalline mineral form of lead sulfate

anglicise /ˈæŋɡlɪsaɪz/ v
angielszczyć się anglizować się zanglizować się
become English
angielszczyć anglizować zanglizować
make English

anglicism /ˈæŋɡləˌsɪzəm/ n
anglicyzm
word or other feature borrowed from English to another language

angling n
wędkarstwo
fishing with a rod, line and angle, for recreation or sport

angora /æŋˈɡɔːɹə/ n
królik angorski
subspecies of the European rabbit

angostura n
angostura
Angostura trifoliata
type of bitters

angry /ˈæŋ.ɡɹi/ adj
zły rozgniewany
displaying anger

angstrom /ˈæŋstɹəm/ /ˈæŋstɹʌm/ /ˈɔŋstɹəm/ n
angstrem
a very small unit of length, 10−10 m

anguish /ˈæŋ.ɡwɪʃ/ n
cierpienie
extreme pain

angular /-lɑɹ/ /ˈæŋ.ɡju.lɚ/ adj
kanciasty
relating to or forming an angle; sharp-cornered

angular velocity n
prędkość kątowa
angle turned in a given time

anhedonia /ˌan.hɪˈdəʊ.nɪə/ /ˌæn.hiˈdoʊ.ni.ə/ n
anhedonia
inability to feel pleasure

anhydride n
bezwodnik
Compound formally derived from another by loss of water molecule

anhydrous adj
bezwodny
having no water

ani /ˈɑː.ni/ n
kleszczojad
bird of genus Crotophaga

aniline n
anilina aminobenzen
the simplest aromatic amine

anilinic adj
anilinowy

animal /ˈæn.ə.məl/ /ˈæn.ɪ.məl/ adj
zwierzęcy zwierzę
of animals

animal /ˈæn.ə.məl/ /ˈæn.ɪ.məl/ n
zwierzę
organism
organism other than human
zwierzę bestia
person who behaves wildly

animal magnetism n
magnetyzm zwierzęcy
magnetic fluid or ethereal medium said to reside in the bodies of animate beings

animal rights n
prawa zwierząt
fundamental rights for animals

animal-like adj
animalny zwierzęcy
resembling an animal

animalist n
animalista animalistka
painter or sculptor whose primary subject is animals

animalistic adj
animalistyczny
of or pertaining to animalism
animalny zwierzęcy
in the manner of an animal

animalistically adv
animalnie zwierzęco

animality n
zwierzęcość animalizm
characteristic of animality

animalize v
animalizować
represent in the form of an animal

animate /ˈæn.ə.meɪt/ /ˈæn.ə.mət/ /ˈæn.ɪ.meɪt/ /ˈæn.ɪ.mət/ adj
żywotny
in grammar
żywy
that which lives

animate /ˈæn.ə.meɪt/ /ˈæn.ə.mət/ /ˈæn.ɪ.meɪt/ /ˈæn.ɪ.mət/ v
animować
to impart motion or its appearance

animated cartoon n
film rysunkowy animacja film animowany
any of several types of film/movie, the frames of which are drawn by hand

animation /æn.əˈmeɪ.ʃən/ n
animacja
causing images to appear to move

animational adj
animacyjny

animator /ˈænɪˌmeɪtə(ɹ)/ n
animator animatorka
one who animates something
one who creates an animation

anime /ˈæn.ɪ.meɪ/ /ˈæn.ɪ.mə/ n
anime
an animated work originated in Japan

animism /ˈænɪmɪzəm/ n
animizm
belief in spirits

animist n
animista animistka
believer in animism

animistic adj
animistyczny
of or pertaining to animism

animistically adv
animistycznie
as pertains to animism

animosity /æn.əˈmɑs.ɪ.ti/ n
animozja wrogość ansa
violent hatred leading to active opposition; active enmity; energetic dislike

anion /ˈænˌaɪ.ɑn/ /ˈænˌaɪ.ɒn/ /ˈænˌaɪ.ən/ n
anion
negatively charged ion

anionic adj
anionowy
pertaining to an anion

anionite n
anionit

anise /æˈnis/ /əˈnis/ /əˈniːz/ /ˈæn.ɪs/ n
anyż anise
plant

aniseed /ˈæ.nɪ.sid/ n
anyż anyżek
the seed-like fruit of the anise

anisocoria /-ˈkoʊɹ-/ /ænˌaɪsəˈkɔɹ i ə/ /ˌænaɪ-/ n
anizokoria
unequal size of the pupils

anisogamete n
anizogameta heterogameta

anisogamy /ænaɪˈsɒɡəmi/ n
anizogamia heterogamia
sexual reproduction involving the union or fusion of two dissimilar gametes

anisotropic adj
anizotropowy
exhibiting anisotropy

anisotropy n
anizotropia
the property of being directionally dependent

ankerite /ˈɑŋkɚˌaɪt/ n
ankeryt
any of a group of mixed carbonate minerals

ankh /æŋk/ /ɑŋk/ /ɑːŋk/ n
anch ankh
cross shaped like a T with a loop at the top

ankle /ˈæŋ.kəl/ n
kostka
joint between foot and leg

anklebone /ˈaŋk(ə)lbəʊn/ n
kość skokowa
bone of the ankle

ankylosaurus /ˌæŋkəloʊˈsɔːrəs/ n
ankylozaur
large herbivorous dinosaur of the Cretaceous

ankylosis n
ankiloza
the stiffening of a joint

anlaut /ˈan.laʊt/ n
nagłos
first sound of a word (word-initial position) or syllable (syllable-initial position)

annabergite n
annabergit

annalist /ˈænəlɪst/ n
annalista
writer of annals

annalistic adj
annalistowski annalistyczny

annals /ˈæn.əlz/ n
annały
historical records; chronicles

annate n
annaty
Catholic benefice

annelid n
pierścienica
annelid

annex /əˈnɛks/ /ˈænɛks/ n
aneks
addition or extension to a building
addition, an extension
appendix

annex /əˈnɛks/ /ˈænɛks/ v
anektować zaanektować
to add something to another, to incorporate into

annexation n
aneksja zabór
addition or incorporation of something

annexational adj
aneksyjny

annexationism n
aneksjonizm
tendency to annex territories

annexationist n
aneksjonista
advocate of annexation of territories

annexationistic adj
aneksjonistyczny
pertaining to annexationism

annihilate /əˈnaɪə.leɪt/ v
anihilować
to react with antimatter
unicestwić anihilować unicestwiać
to reduce to nothing, to destroy, to eradicate

annihilation /əˌnaɪ.əˈleɪ.ʃən/ n
anihilacja
(physics) process of a particle and its corresponding antiparticle combining to produce energy
state of being annihilated
zniszczenie niszczenie
act of reducing to nothing

annihilative adj
anihilacyjny
serving to annihilate

anniversary /ˌænəˈvɝs(ə)ɹi/ /ˌænɪˈvɜːs(ə)ɹi/ /ˌænɪˈvɝs(ə)ɹi/ n
gody rocznica ślubu
wedding anniversary
rocznica aniwersarz
day an exact number of years since an event

annona n
flaszowiec
tree of the genus Annona and their fruit

annotate /ˈanəteɪt/ v
adnotować
to add annotation

annotated adj
adnotowany
accompanied by attached notes

annotated bibliography n
bibliografia adnotowana bibliografia rozumowana

annotation /ˈænəteɪʃən/ n
adnotacja
metadata added to a document or program
adnotacja dopisek
comment added to a text

annotative adj
adnotacyjny

announce /əˈnaʊn(t)s/ /əˈnaʊns/ /ˈæ.naʊns/ v
ogłaszać ogłosić oznajmiać oznajmić
give public notice

announcement /əˈnaʊns.mɛnt/ n
anons
content
anons ogłoszenie
act
anons ogłoszenie awizacja obwieszczenie
that which conveys what is announced

announcer /əˈnaʊnsə/ /əˈnaʊnsɚ/ n
konferansjer konferansjerka spiker spikerka
TV or radio announcer
spiker spikerka
announcer

annoy /əˈnɔɪ/ v
irytować
to disturb or irritate

annoyance /əˈnɔɪəns/ n
denerwowanie wnerwianie
an act or instance of annoying
wnerwienie zdenerwowanie
the psychological state of being annoyed or irritated

annoyed /əˈnɔɪd/ adj
drażliwy zirytowany
troubled, irritated by something unwanted or unliked; vexed

annoying /əˈnɔɪ.ɪŋ/ adj
irytujący
causing irritation or annoyance

annoying /əˈnɔɪ.ɪŋ/ v
drażliwy irytujący upierdliwy
causing irritation or annoyance; troublesome; vexatious

annual /ˈæn.ju.əl/ /ˈæn.jəl/ adj
coroczny doroczny
happening once a year
jednoroczny
of a plant
roczny
of, for, or relating to a whole year

annual /ˈæn.ju.əl/ /ˈæn.jəl/ n
rocznik
annual publication

annual accounts n
roczne sprawozdania finansowe
(accounting)

annually /ˈæn.ju.ə.li/ /ˈæn.jʊə.li/ adv
corocznie rokrocznie
once every year

annul /əˈnʌl/ v
anulować
dissolve (a marital union)
formally revoke the validity of

annulment /əˈnʌl.mənt/ n
abolicja anulowanie unieważnienie
act or instance of annulling
invalidation; declaration of something as being invalid
skasowanie
total destruction

annulus /-li/ /ˈænjəlaɪ/ /ˈænjələs/ /ˈænjʊlaɪ/ /ˈænjʊləs/ n
pierścień kołowy
region in a plane between two concentric circles of different radii

anode /ˈæn.oʊd/ /ˈæn.əʊd/ n
anoda
the electrode of an electrochemical cell at which oxidation occurs
the electrode through which current flows into a cell

anodic adj
anodowy
relating to an anode

anodization n
anodyzacja
the process of anodizing

anodize v
anodować anodyzować
to coat the surface of a metal electrolytically with an oxide

anodontia n
bezzębie
congenital absence of teeth

anodyne /ˈæn.ə.daɪn/ n
anodyna
any medicine or other agent that relieves pain

anointed /ə.ˈnɔɪn.tɪd/ n
pomazaniec namaszczony
a person who has been anointed, especially for religious reasons

anomalous /əˈnɑmələs/ /əˈnɒmələs/ /əˈnɔmələs/ adj
anomalny
deviating from the normal

anomaly /əˈnɑ.mə.li/ /əˈnɒm.ə.lɪ/ /əˈnɔm.ə.lɪ/ n
anomalia
astronomy: any of various angular distances
anomalia nieprawidłowość
dated: an irregularity or inconsistency
deviation from norm
science: any event, big or small, out of the ordinary

anomie /a.noʊ̯.ˈmi/ /ˈæn.ə.mi/ n
anomia
alienation or social instability

anonym n
anonim
anonymous person

anonymity /ænəˈnɪmɪti/ n
anonimowość bezimienność anonimat
the quality or state of being anonymous

anonymization n
anonimizacja
act of making anonymous

anonymous /əˈnɒnəməs/ adj
anonimowy bezimienny
of unknown name; whose name is withheld
without any name (of responsible agent) acknowledged
wanting a name, not named and determined
lacking individuality

anonymously /əˈnɒnəməsli/ adv
anonimowo bezimiennie
in an anonymous manner

anorak /ˈænəɹæk/ n
anorak
heavy weatherproof jacket

anorectic /ænəˈɹɛktɪk/ adj
anorektyczny
characterised by a lack of appetite

anorectic /ænəˈɹɛktɪk/ n
anorektyczka anorektyk
person

anorexia /ænəˈɹɛksi.ə/ n
anoreksja jadłowstręt
loss of appetite

anorexia nervosa n
anoreksja jadłowstręt psychiczny
disorder

anorexic /ænəˈɹɛksɪk/ adj
anorektyczny
pertaining to, or suffering from anorexia
thin

anorexic /ænəˈɹɛksɪk/ n
anorektyczka anorektyk
someone suffering from anorexia nervosa

anorexically /anəˈɹɛksɪk(ə)li/ adv
anorektycznie
pertaining to loss appetite or anorexia

anorgasmia n
anorgazmia
failure to achieve orgasm

anorogenic adj
anorogeniczny

anorthite n
anortyt
mineral

anorthitic adj
anortytowy

anorthosite n
anortozyt
a phaneritic, intrusive igneous rock

anoscopy n
anoskopia
examination of the anal canal

anosmia /æˈnɑːzmiːə/ /æˈnɒzmiə/ n
anosmia bezwęch
inability to smell

anosognosia n
anosognozja
inability of a person to recognize personal defects

another /æˈnʌð.ə(ɹ)/ /æˈnʌð.ɚ/ /əˈnʌð.ə(ɹ)/ /əˈnʌð.ɚ/ determiner
inny
not the same; different
kolejny następny
one more, in addition to a former number
nikt inny
any or some

another nail in someone's coffin phraseologicalUnit
gwóźdź do trumny
one in a series of factors which lead, or purport to lead, to downfall

another story n
inna bajka
a different situation entirely

anoxaemia n
anoksemia
critical lack of oxygen in blood

anoxia /ænˈɑk.si.ə/ /ænˈɒk.sɪ.ə/ /æˈnɑk-/ /æˈnɒk-/ n
anoksja
condition in which a body tissue or an environment is severely or totally deprived of oxygen

answer /ˈan.sə/ /ˈæn.sə/ /ˈæn.sɚ/ /ˈɑːn.sə/ [ˈeən.sə] [ˈeən.sɚ] [ˈeːnsə ~ ˈɛːnsə] [ˈɐːnsə] n
odpowiedź
response
reply to email
solution
document filed in response to a complaint

answer /ˈan.sə/ /ˈæn.sə/ /ˈæn.sɚ/ /ˈɑːn.sə/ [ˈeən.sə] [ˈeən.sɚ] [ˈeːnsə ~ ˈɛːnsə] [ˈɐːnsə] v
odpowiadać
to suit a need or purpose satisfactorily
law: to file a response to a complaint
odpowiadać odpowiedzieć
to make a reply or response to
odpowiedzieć
to respond to a call

answer for v
odpowiadać odpowiedzieć
to be held responsible for

answer to v
odpowiadać
to be responsible to

answering machine n
automatyczna sekretarka sekretarka
device that automatically records voice mail

ant /ænt/ /ɑːnt/ /ɛnt/ [eənt] [ɛənt] n
mrówka
insect

anta /ˈæn.tə/ n
anta

antagonism /ænˈtæɡənɪzəm/ n
antagonizm
strong dislike

antagonist /ænˈtæɡənɪst/ n
antagonista
chemical
muscle
antagonista antagonistka
main character or force opposing the protagonist
opponent
one who antagonizes

antagonistic /æn.tæ.ɡə.ˈnɪs.tɪk/ adj
antagonistyczny
contending

antagonistically adv
antagonistycznie
in an antagonistic manner

antagonize v
antagonizować zantagonizować
to oppose

antapex n
antyapeks

antasthmatic adj
przeciwastmatyczny
relieving the symptoms of asthma

ante- /ˌæn.tə/ /ˌæn.tɪ/ prefix
ante- przed-
Prior to in time

anteater /ˈæntˌitɚ/ /ˈæntˌiːtə/ n
mrówkojad
mammal

antebellum /ˌæn.tiˈbɛl.əm/ adj
przedwojenny
of a period of time prior to a war

antecedent /ˌæntɪˈsiːdənt/ adj
uprzedni antecedentny
earlier in time or order

antecedent /ˌæntɪˈsiːdənt/ n
antecedencje antecedens anteriora
Previous principles, conduct, history, etc.
antecedens
conditional part of a hypothetical proposition

antechamber /ˈæn.tiˌt͡ʃeɪm.bə/ /ˈæn.tiˌt͡ʃeɪm.bɚ/ /ˈæn.tɪˌt͡ʃeɪm.bə/ n
przedpokój
small room

antechinus n
chutliwiec
marsupial

anteclise n
antekliza

antedate /ˈæntiˌdeɪt/ v
antydatować antedatować
To assign a date earlier than the actual date; to backdate

antediluvian /-tə-/ /ˌæn.ti.dəˈlu.vi.ən/ /ˌæn.tə(ˌ)daɪˈlu.vi.ən/ /ˌæn.tɪ.dɪˈluː.vɪ.ən/ [-ɾi-] [-ɾə-] adj
przedpotopowy
belonging or pertaining to, or existing in, the time prior to a great or destructive flood or deluge described in other mythologies
of attitudes, ideas, etc.: extremely old-fashioned, especially to a laughable extent
przedpotopowy pradziejowy
of animals and plants: long extinct

antefix n
antefiks
vertical block

antelope /ˈæn.tə.loʊp/ /ˈæn.tɪ.loʊp/ /ˈæn.tɪ.ləʊp/ n
antylopa
mammal of the family Bovidae

antenna /ænˈtɛn.ə/ n
antena czułek
feeler organ

antennaless adj
bez anteny

antependium /ˌæntɪˈpɛndi.əm/ n
antepedium antependium frontale
the hangings in front of the altar

anterior chamber n
komora przednia gałki ocznej
space between cornea and iris

anthelmintic /ænθɛlˈmɪntɪk/ adj
przeciwrobaczy
destructive to parasitic intestinal worms

anthem /ˈæn.təm/ /ˈæn.θəm/ n
hymn
hymn of praise or loyalty
national anthem

anthemion n
antemion anthemion
ornamental design

anther /ˈæn.θə/ /ˈæn.θɚ/ n
pylnik
pollen-bearing part of the stamen of a flower

antheridium n
plemnia
bryophyte organ producing male gametes

anthill /ˈænt.hɪl/ n
mrowisko
home of ants and termites

anthocyanic adj
antocyjanowy

anthocyanin n
antocyjan antocyjanina
any of many water-soluble red to violet plant pigments

anthodium n
koszyczek
the inflorescence of a compound flower in which many florets are gathered into an involucrate head

anthological adj
antologiczny antologijny
pertaining to anthologies

anthologist /ænˈθɒl.ə.dʒɪst/ n
antologista
person who anthologises

anthology /ænˈθɑləd͡ʒi/ /ænˈθɒlədʒi/ n
antologia
collection of literary works

anthophyllite n
antofyllit
mineral

anthracene n
antracen
tricyclic aromatic hydrocarbon

anthracite /ˈænθɹəˌsaɪt/ n
antracyt
type of coal
antracyt antracytowy
dark gray color

anthracnose n
antraknoza
any of several fungal plant diseases

anthraquinone /-ˈkwaɪnoʊn/ /ˌænθrəkwɪˈnoʊn/ n
antrachinon
tricyclic quinone

anthraquinonic adj
antrachinonowy

anthrax /ˈæn.θɹæks/ n
wąglik antraks
disease

anthropo- /ænˈθɹɒpə-/ /ˈænθɹəpə-/ /ˌænθɹoʊpə-/ /ˌænθɹəpoʊ-/ /ˌænθɹəpə-/ /ˌænθɹəˈpɒ-/ prefix
antropo-
men; people

anthropocentric adj
antropocentryczny
giving preference to humans

anthropocentrically adv
antropocentrycznie

anthropocentrism /ˌæn.θɹə.poʊˈsɛn.tɹɪz.m/ n
antropocentryzm
viewpoint

anthropogenesis n
antropogeneza antropogenia
the origin of man

anthropogenic /ˌæn θrə pəˈdʒɛn ɪk/ adj
antropogeniczny
having its origin in the influence of human activity on nature
pertaining to the origin of man

anthropogeny n
antropogeneza antropogenia
study of human origins and development

anthropogeographer n
antropogeograf
one who studies anthropogeography

anthropogeographical adj
antropogeograficzny
of or relating to anthropogeography

anthropogeography n
antropogeografia
study of the geographical distribution of humankind

anthropography n
antropografia
that branch of anthropology

anthropoid /ˈænθɹəpɔɪd/ adj
człekokształtny antropoidalny
having characteristics of a human, usually in terms of shape or appearance

anthropoid /ˈænθɹəpɔɪd/ n
antropoid małpa człekokształtna
an anthropoid animal

anthropolatry n
antropolatria
worship of men

anthropological /æn.θɹə.pə.ˈlɑd͡ʒikəl/ adj
antropologiczny
relating to anthropology

anthropologically adv
antropologicznie
in a manner which pertains to anthropology

anthropologist /ˌæn.θɹoʊˈpɑl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/ /ˌæn.θɹəˈpɑl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/ n
antropolog antropolożka
one who is versed in anthropology

anthropology /ˌænθɹəˈpɑːləd͡ʒi/ /ˌænθɹəˈpɒləd͡ʒi/ n
antropologia
the study of humanity

anthropometer n
antropometr
device used to measure parts of the body

anthropometric adj
antropometryczny
of or relating to anthropometry

anthropometrical adj
antropometryczny

anthropometry /ænθɹəˈpɒmɪtɹɪ/ n
antropometria
science of measuring the human body

anthropomorphic /ænθɹɒpəˈmɔɹfɪk/ [ˌæ̃n̪θɹ̠əpʰəˈmɔɹ̠fɪ̈k] adj
antropomorficzny
given human attributes

anthropomorphism /ˌænθɹəpəˈmɔɹfɪzəm/ n
antropomorfizm antropomorfizacja
the attribution or ascription of human characteristics to something not human

anthropomorphist n
antropomorfista
one who anthropomorphizes
religion

anthropomorphization /-faɪˈzeɪʃən/ /ˌænθrɒpəˌmɔːɹfəˈzeɪʃən/ n
antropomorfizacja antropomorfizm
attribution of human qualities

anthropomorphize /ˌanθrəpəˈmɔːfʌɪz/ v
antropomorfizować
to attribute human-like characteristics to something that is non-human

anthroponym n
antroponim
name of a person

anthroponymous adj
antroponimiczny

anthroponymy /ænθɹəʊˈpɒnɪmɪ/ n
antroponimia
study of personal names

anthropophagy /ˌæn.θɹə.ˈpɒ.fə.d͡ʒi/ n
antropofagia kanibalizm ludożerstwo
the practice of eating human flesh

anthropophobia n
antropofobia
fear of human beings

anthropopressure n
antropopresja

anthroposcopy n
antroposkopia
form of anthropology based upon observation of the physical characteristics of the human body

anthroposophic /ˌænθɹəpəˈsɑfɪk/ /ˌænθɹəpəˈsɒfɪk/ adj
antropozoficzny
of, or pertaining to anthroposophy

anthroposophy /ˌænθɹəˈpɑsəfi/ /ˌænθɹəˈpɒsəfi/ n
antropozofia
philosophy

anthropotechnics n
antropotechnika
study of the interaction between man and machines

anthropozoonosis n
antropozoonoza
disease transmitted from animals and humans

anthurium n
anturium
flower of the genus Anthurium

anti /ˈæn.ti/ adj
anty
opposed

anti- /ˈæn.ti/ /ˈæn.tɪ/ /ˈænˌtaɪ/ /ˈænˌtiː/ prefix
anty- przeciw-
against, hostile to

anti-American adj
antyamerykański
opposing America

anti-Americanism n
antyamerykanizm
the fear or dislike of the United States or American people, policies, culture or government

anti-British adj
antybrytyjski
against Brits or Great Britain

anti-Catholicism n
antykatolicyzm

anti-Christian adj
antychrześcijański
opposed to Christians or Christianity

anti-European adj
antyeuropejski
disliking Europe or Europeans
opposing European integration and the European Union

anti-German adj
antyniemiecki
against Germans or Germany

anti-Jewish adj
antyżydowski
opposed to Jews

anti-Russian adj
antyrosyjski
against or opposing Russians or Russia

anti-Semite /ˌæntaɪ-/ /ˌæntiˈsiːmaɪt/ /ˌæntiˈsɛmaɪt/ n
antysemita antysemitka
anti-Semite

anti-Semitic /ˌæntaɪ-/ /ˌæntiːsəˈmɛtɪk/ /ˌæntiːsəˈmɪtɪk/ adj
antysemicki
exhibiting anti-Semitism

anti-Semitism /ˌæntaɪˈsɛmɪˌtɪzəm/ /ˌæntiˈsɛmɪˌtɪzəm/ /ˌæntɪˈsɛmɪˌtɪzəm/ n
antysemityzm
prejudice or hostility against Jews

anti-Slavism n
antyslawizm
movement

anti-Zionist adj
antysyjonistyczny
opposed to Zionism

anti-Zionistic adj
antysyjonistyczny

anti-aircraft adj
przeciwlotniczy
intended to attack aircraft

anti-fascism n
antyfaszyzm
the opposition to fascist ideologies

anti-globalism n
antyglobalizacja antyglobalizm

anti-imperialism n
antyimperializm
belief or practice which opposes imperialism

anti-imperialist adj
antyimperialistyczny
against imperialism

anti-inflammatory adj
przeciwzapalny
preventing or counteracting inflammation

anti-inflationary adj
antyinflacyjny
intended to counteract or reverse inflation

anti-intellectual adj
antyintelektualny
hostile to intellectual ideas

anti-intellectual n
antyintelektualista

anti-militarism n
antymilitaryzm
a doctrine that opposes war

anti-natalism n
antynatalizm
opposition to the increase in human population

anti-story /ˈæn.ti.ˈstɔːɹi/ n
antypowieść
unconventional work of fiction

anti-utopia n
antyutopia
opposite of utopia

anti-vaxxer n
antyszczepionkowiec antyszczep proepidemik
person who opposes vaccination

anti-villain n
antyzłoczyńca
antagonist who have noble goals

anti-war adj
antywojenny
opposed to war

antiabortion adj
antyaborcyjny
opposed to the practice of abortion

antiaesthetic adj
antyestetyczny
opposing or rejecting what is aesthetic

antialcoholic adj
antyalkoholowy

antialcoholic n
antyalkoholik

antiallergenic adj
antyalergiczny antyuczuleniowy przeciwalergiczny przeciwuczuleniowy
countering allergic reactions

antiarrhythmic adj
antyarytmiczny
used to treat or prevent arrhythmia

antiartistic adj
antyartystyczny
opposing art

antiatherosclerotic adj
przeciwmiażdżycowy
that counters the effects of atherosclerosis

antiatom n
antyatom
atom made up of antiparticles

antiatomic adj
antyatomowy
relating to antiatoms
antyatomowy przeciwatomowy
opposing or countering atomic weapons

antiauthoritarian adj
antyautorytatywny
opposed to authority

antibacterial adj
antybakteryjny przeciwbakteryjny antybakteriologiczny
killing or inhibiting bacteria

antibacterially adv
antybakteryjnie przeciwbakteryjnie

antibiogram n
antybiogram antybiotykogram
table reporting a bacterial isolate’s susceptibility to different antibiotics

antibiosis n
antybioza
an association between organisms that is detrimental to one of them

antibiotic /ˌæn.taɪ.baɪˈɑ.tɪk/ /ˌæn.taɪ.baɪˈɒt.ɪk/ /ˌæn.ti.baɪˈɑ.tɪk/ /ˌæn.ti.baɪˈɒt.ɪk/ /ˌæn.tə.baɪˈɑ.tɪk/ adj
antybiotyczny antybiotykowy
of or relating to antibiotics

antibiotic /ˌæn.taɪ.baɪˈɑ.tɪk/ /ˌæn.taɪ.baɪˈɒt.ɪk/ /ˌæn.ti.baɪˈɑ.tɪk/ /ˌæn.ti.baɪˈɒt.ɪk/ /ˌæn.tə.baɪˈɑ.tɪk/ n
antybiotyk
substance that destroys or inhibits bacteria

antibody n
przeciwciało antyciało immunoglobulina
protein that binds to a specific antigen

antibourgeois adj
antymieszczański
opposed to the bourgeoisie

antibureaucratic adj
antybiurokratyczny
opposed to bureaucracy

antiburglary adj
antywłamaniowy przeciwwłamaniowy
countering burglary

antic /ˈæn.tɪk/ n
błazenada błazeństwo
ludicrous act or behaviour

anticapitalist adj
antykapitalistyczny
opposed to capitalism

anticathode n
antykatoda
the target at which electrons from the cathode in a CRT or x-ray tube are directed

anticatholic adj
antykatolicki
opposed to Catholicism

anticatholic n
antykatolik
a person opposed to Catholicism

anticenter n
antycentrum
geology
the point in the sky opposite to the centre of a galaxy

antichlor n
antychlor
any substance used to remove chlorine

anticholesterol adj
antycholesterolowy

antichrist n
antychryst
someone that works against the teachings of Christ

antichurch adj
antykościelny
opposed to the church

anticipate /ænˈtɪs.ə.peɪt/ /ænˈtɪs.ɪ.peɪt/ /ænˈtɪs.ɪ.pæɪt/ [ɛənˈtɪs.ə.peɪt] v
antycypować przewidzieć
to know of something before it manifests

anticipation /æn.tɪs.əˈpeɪ.ʃən/ /æn.tɪs.ɪˈpeɪ.ʃən/ n
antycypacja
music
oczekiwanie
the act of anticipating

anticipatory /ænˈtɪsɪpətərɪ/ adj
antycypacyjny
characterized by anticipation

anticlerical adj
antyklerykalny
opposed to political influence of clerics

anticlerical n
antyklerykał
one opposed to political influence of clerics

anticlericalism n
antyklerykalizm
opposition to political influence of clerics

anticlimax /ˈan.tiˌklaɪ.mæks/ [ˈa.ɾ̃iˌklaɪ.mæks] n
antygradacja antyklimaks
in narration
rhetoric

anticlinal adj
antyklinalny
geology

anticline /ˈæntiklaɪn/ n
antyklina siodło
anticlinal fold

anticlinorium n
antyklinorium
a series of parallel anticlinal folds on a regional-scale anticline

anticlockwise /ˌæn.tiˈklɑkˌwaɪz/ /ˌæn.tiˈklɒk.waɪz/ /ˌæn.tiˈklɔk.wɑɪz/ /ˌæn.tɪˈklɑkˌwaɪz/ /ˌænˌtaɪˈklɑkˌwaɪz/ adj
lewoskrętny przeciwny do ruchu wskazówek zegara
in the opposite direction to the hands of an analogue clock

anticlockwise /ˌæn.tiˈklɑkˌwaɪz/ /ˌæn.tiˈklɒk.waɪz/ /ˌæn.tiˈklɔk.wɑɪz/ /ˌæn.tɪˈklɑkˌwaɪz/ /ˌænˌtaɪˈklɑkˌwaɪz/ adv
lewoskrętnie przeciwnie do ruchu wskazówek zegara
in the opposite direction to the hands of an analogue clock

anticoagulant adj
przeciwzakrzepowy
acting as an anticoagulant

anticollision adj
antykolizyjny bezkolizyjny
acting to combat or prevent collisions

anticolonial /ˌænt.aɪ.kəˈloʊn.i.əl/ /ˌænt.i.kəˈloʊn.i.əl/ adj
antykolonialny
against colonialism

anticolonialism n
antykolonializm
the movement that opposes colonialism

anticommunism /æntɪˈkɒmjʊnɪzəm/ n
antykomunizm
against communism

anticommunist adj
antykomunistyczny
opposed to communism

anticommunist n
antykomunista antykomunistka
person opposed to communism

anticommutating adj
antykomutatywny

anticommutation n
antykomutacja
the inverse of a commutation

anticommutator n
antykomutator
a function of two elements A and B, defined as AB + BA

anticompetitive adj
antykonkurencyjny
acting to hinder or obstruct competition

anticonstitutional adj
antykonstytucyjny niekonstytucyjny

anticorrosive adj
antykorozyjny
preventing or counteracting corrosion

anticorruption /ˌæntiːkəˈɹʌpʃən/ adj
antykorupcyjny
opposed to or combating corruption

anticrisis adj
antykryzysowy
intended to prevent or counter a crisis

anticult adj
antykultowy
opposed to cults

anticyclone n
antycyklon wyż
system of winds

anticyclonic adj
antycyklonalny antycyklonowy
of, relating to, or consisting of an anticyclone

antidandruff adj
przeciwłupieżowy
countering or preventing dandruff

antidemocratic adj
antydemokratyczny
opposed to the tenets of democracy

antidepressant adj
antydepresyjny przeciwdepresyjny
preventing or counteracting depression

antidepressant n
antydepresant
agent that prevents or counteracts depression

antiderivative n
funkcja pierwotna antypochodna całka nieoznaczona
function whose derivative is a given function

antideuteron n
antydeuteron

antidisestablishmentarianism /ˌæn.taɪˌdɪs.ɛsˌtæb.lɪʃ.məntˈɛː.ɹi.ənˌɪ.zm̩/ /ˌæn.ti-/ /ˌæn.ti.dɪs.ɪsˌtæb.lɪʃ.mənˈtɛə.ɹi.ənˌɪ.z(ə)m/ n
antydisestablishmentaryzm
philosophy opposed to separating church and state

antidiuretic n
antydiuretyna
an agent that prevents or counteracts diuresis

antidogmatic adj
antydogmatyczny
opposed to dogma

antidoping adj
antydopingowy
proscribing or combating doping in sports

antidote /ˈæn.tɪ.doʊt/ n
antidotum odtrutka antydot lek lekarstwo
something that counteracts
odtrutka antidotum antydot
remedy to counteract a poison

antidrama n
antydramat

antidynastic adj
antydynastyczny
opposing a dynasty

antielectron n
antyelektron
positron

antiemetic adj
przeciwwymiotny
that combats nausea and vomiting

antiemetic n
lek przeciwwymiotny
drug that combats nausea and vomiting

antiempire adj
antyimperialny
opposing an empire

antiempiricism n
antyempiryzm
opposition to empiricism

antienzyme n
antyenzym
substance which counteracts an enzyme

antiexport adj
antyeksportowy
opposing exports

antifarmer adj
antychłopski

antifascist adj
antyfaszystowski
opposed to fascism

antifascist n
antyfaszysta antyfaszystka
person opposed to fascism

antifeminism n
antyfeminizm
any belief antagonistic to feminism

antifeminist adj
antyfeministyczny
antagonistic to feminism

antifeminist n
antyfeminista antyfeministka
advocate of antifeminism
person antagonistic to feminism

antiferroelectric adj
antyferroelektryczny
in which dipoles are arranged antiparallel to adjacent ones

antiferroelectricity n
antyferroelektryczność

antiferromagnetic adj
antyferromagnetyczny
exhibiting antiferromagnetism

antiferromagnetism n
antyferromagnetyzm
a phenomenon, similar to ferromagnetism

antifertilizin n
antyfertylizyna

antifeudal adj
antyfeudalny
opposing a feudal system

antifilm n
antyfilm
a film that deliberately avoids or subverts the usual characteristics of films

antiflood adj
przeciwpowodziowy
preventing or countering flooding

antiflu adj
antygrypowy przeciwgrypowy
acting against or serving to prevent flu

antifragility n
antydelikatność
the ability of a system to benefit from a certain class of random events, errors, and volatility

antifreeze n
odmrażacz płyn chłodniczy płyn przeciw zamarzaniu
a substance used to lower the freezing point of water

antifriction adj
antyfrykcyjny przeciwcierny
reducing or intended to reduce friction

antigas adj
przeciwgazowy
countering military gas attacks

antigen n
antygen
substance that induces an immune response

antigene n
antygen

antigenic adj
antygenowy
of or relating to an antigen

antigenically adv
antygenowo
in the manner of an antigen

antiglobalist n
antyglobalista antyglobalistka
a proponent of antiglobalism

antigorite n
antygoryt
brownish-green variety of serpentine

antigovernment adj
antyrządowy
opposed to a government currently in power
opposed to a government in general

antigypsyism n
antycyganizm
prejudice or hostility against Romani people

antihero /ˈæn.tiˌhiɹ.oʊ/ /ˈæn.tɪˌhɪə.ɹəʊ/ /ˈænˌtaɪ.hiɹ.oʊ/ n
antybohater antybohaterka
protagonist who proceeds in an unheroic manner

antiheroic adj
antybohaterski
pertaining to or typical of an antihero

antihistaminic adj
antyhistaminowy przeciwhistaminowy
of or pertaining to antihistamines

antihormonal adj
antyhormonalny
that counteracts the effects of a particular hormone

antihormone n
antyhormon
any material that counteracts the effects of a hormone

antihumanism n
antyhumanizm
opposition to humanism

antihumanist adj
antyhumanistyczny
opposing humanism

antihumanitarian adj
antyhumanitarny
opposing humanitarianism

antihydrogen n
antywodór
antimatter equivalent of hydrogen

antiimport adj
antyimportowy

antiknock n
antydetonator
substance to reduce the occurrence of engine knock

antiliberal adj
antyliberalny
opposing liberalism

antiliberalism n
antyliberalizm
antiliberal beliefs and practices

antiliterature n
antyliteratura
written works that deliberately avoid the typical conventions of literature

antilogarithm n
antylogarytm
number of which a given number is the logarithm

antilogism n
antylogizm
false syllogism in which two premises contradict the third

antilogy /ænˈtɪləd͡ʒi/ n
antylogia oksymoron
contradiction in related terms or ideas

antimagnetic adj
antymagnetyczny
unaffected by a magnetic field

antimatter /ˈæn.tiˌmæt.ɚ/ /ˈænˌtaɪˌmæt.ɚ/ [ˈæ.niˌmæ.ɾɚ] [ˈæ.ɾ̃iˌmæ.ɾɚ] [ˈæn.tiˌmæ.ɾɚ] n
antymateria
matter composed of antiparticles

antimetabole n
antymetabola antymetalepsja antymetateza
rhetorical technique

antimetabolite n
antymetabolit
any substance that competes with, or inhibits the normal metabolic process

antimetathesis n
antymetabola antymetalepsja antymetateza
inversion

antimicrobially adv
antybakteryjnie przeciwbakteryjnie

antimilitary adj
antymilitarystyczny
opposed to the military or to military activities

antimissile adj
przeciwrakietowy
designed to destroy another missile in flight

antimonarchic adj
antymonarchistyczny
opposing monarchy

antimonic adj
antymonowy
of or containing antimony

antimonide n
antymonek
any compound of antimony with more electropositive elements

antimonite n
antymonit
a grey mineral that is the main source of antimony

antimonopolistic adj
antymonopolistyczny antymonopolowy
opposing monopolies

antimony /ˈæn.tɪ.mə.niː/ /ˈæn.tɪˌmoʊ.ni/ n
antymon
chemical element

antimotivational adj
antymotywacyjny

antinarcotic adj
antynarkotykowy
opposing or countering narcotics

antinatalism n
antynatalizm
opposition to the increase in human population

antinational adj
antynarodowy
not founded on the idea of the nation
opposed to one's own nation

antinaturalism n
antynaturalizm
the view that the natural world and the social world are different

antinaturalist adj
antynaturalistyczny
opposing or rejecting naturalism

antineutrino n
antyneutrino
the antiparticle of the neutrino

antineutron n
antyneutron
the antiparticle corresponding to a neutron

anting /ˈæntɪŋ/ n
mrówkowanie kąpiel mrówkowa
bird behaviour

antinicotine adj
antynikotynowy
opposing or countering nicotine

antinicotinic adj
antynikotynowy
that inhibits the actions of nicotine

antinoise adj
antyakustyczny
supresses sound
antyhałasowy
intended to reduce noise

antinomianism /æntiˈnoʊmi.ənɪzəm/ n
antynomizm
a belief or teaching that the spiritual law of faith renders any practical or moral law irrelevant

antinomic adj
antynomiczny antynomijny
exhibiting or pertaining to antinomy; contradictory

antinomy /ænˈtɪn.ə.mi/ n
antynomia sprzeczność
(epistemology, logic) apparent contradiction between valid conclusions

antinuclear adj
antynuklearny
opposed to the use of nuclear weapons or nuclear energy

antinucleus n
antyjądro
the nucleus of an antiatom

antioxidant /ˌæntiˈɒksɪdənt/ n
przeciwutleniacz antyoksydant antyutleniacz
substance that slows oxidation

antipapal adj
antypapieski
characterized by opposition to the pope

antiparticle /ˈæntiˌpɑɹtɪkəl/ n
antycząstka
a subatomic particle

antipasto n
antypast
Italian starter for a meal

antipatheticalness n
antypatyczność

antipathic adj
antypatyczny
characterized by antipathy

antipathically adv
antypatycznie
in an antipathic manner

antipathy /ænˈtɪpəθi/ n
antypatia
contrariety or opposition in feeling

antipatriotic adj
antypatriotyczny niepatriotyczny
opposing patriotism

antipeace adj
antypokojowy
opposed to peace

antipedagogy n
antypedagogika
opposition to pedagogy

antiperistalsis n
antyperystaltyka
peristalsis in the opposite direction

antiperistasis n
antyperystaza
the heightening of the force of an opposing process

antipersonnel adj
przeciwpiechotny

antiperspirant n
antyperspirant
a substance used to minimize sweating

antiphon /ˈæntɪfən/ /ˈæntɪˌfɑn/ n
antyfona
devotional chant; a piece of music sung responsively

antiphonal adj
antyfonalny
characterized by antiphones or antiphony

antiphonal n
antyfonarz
a book of antiphons

antiphrasis n
antyfraza
use of a word or phrase in a sense not in accord with its literal meaning

antipodally adv
antypodycznie
in an antipodal manner
with regard to antipodes

antipode /ˈæn.tɪ.poʊd/ n
antypody
something directly opposite

antipodean /æn.ˌtɪp.ə.ˈdi.ən/ adj
antypodyczny
diametrically opposed
situated at opposite sides of the Earth

antipodean /æn.ˌtɪp.ə.ˈdi.ən/ n
antypoda
inhabitant of the antipodes

antipodes /ænˈtɪp.əˌdiz/ n
antypody
Australia and New Zealand
opposite of something
opposite points on a globe

antipoetry n
antypoetyka
poetry that breaks away from normal conventions

antipope /ˈantɪpəʊp/ n
antypapież
person who claims to be pope

antipopular adj
antyludowy
opposing the people

antipriestly adj
w niekapłański sposób

antiprism n
antygraniastosłup
a polyhedron composed of two parallel copies of some particular polygon, connected by an alternating band of triangles

antiproton n
antyproton
antiparticle of the proton

antipsychiatry n
antypsychiatria
a form of psychoanalysis based on existentialist and sociological concepts

antipsychological adj
antypsychologiczny
opposed to psychological approaches

antipyretic /ˌæntɪpaɪˈɹɛtɪk/ adj
przeciwgorączkowy
that reduces fever

antiquarian /ˌæn.tɪˈkwɛɹ.i.ən/ n
antykwariusz antykwarz
collector, student or expert

antiquarianism n
antykwarstwo
study or love of antiques

antiquark n
antykwark
the antiparticle of a quark

antiquary n
antykwariusz antykwarz archaista
a person who is knowledgeable of, or who collects antiques; an antiquarian

antique /ænˈtiːk/ adj
antyczny
old; out of date
Having existed in ancient times

antique /ænˈtiːk/ n
antyk
old piece

antique shop n
antykwariat antykwarnia
store selling antiques

antiquify v
antykizować

antiquity /ænˈtɪk.wə.ti/ /ænˈtɪk.wɪ.ti/ n
antyczność
the state of being ancient or of ancient lineage
starożytność antyk
ancient times

antirealism n
antyrealizm
any position involving denial of the objective reality of certain entities

antirealistic adj
antyrealistyczny
opposed to realism

antirecession adj
antyrecesyjny
serving to counter a financial recession

antiregime adj
antyreżimowy antyreżymowy
opposing a regime

antireligious adj
antyreligijny
opposed to religion

antirepublican adj
antyrepublikański
opposing the formation of a republic

antirevolutionary adj
antyrewolucyjny
opposing a revolution

antirheumatic adj
antirheumatic przeciwreumatyczny
serving to prevent or counter rheumatism

antirocket adj
antyrakietowy
designed to prevent, or counterattack against, rocket fire

antiroyal adj
antyrojalistyczny

antiroyalist n
antyrojalista
one who opposes royals

antiscientific adj
antynaukowy
contrary to the scientific method

antisepsis n
antyseptyka
countering microbial infection

antiseptic /ˌæntiˈsɛptɪk/ adj
antyseptyczny
capable of preventing microbial infection

antiseptic /ˌæntiˈsɛptɪk/ n
antyseptyk środek antyseptyczny
substance that inhibits the growth of microorganisms

antiseptically adv
antyseptycznie
in an antiseptic manner

antiskid adj
antypoślizgowy
designed to increase friction

antislavery adj
antyniewolniczy przeciwniewolniczy
opposed to the practice of slavery

antislavism n
antyslawizm
movement

antisocial /ˌæntaɪˈsoʊʃəl/ /ˌæntiˈsoʊʃəl/ adj
antyspołeczny
hostile to society
aspołeczny asocjalny
unwilling or unable to associate normally with other people

antisocial personality disorder n
osobowość dyssocjalna
personality disorder marked by disregard and violations of the rights of others

antisocialistic adj
antysocjalistyczny
opposing socialism

antisocially /ˌæntaɪˈsoʊʃəli/ adv
asocjalnie aspołecznie
in an antisocial manner

antisoviet adj
antysowiecki antyradziecki
opposing the Soviet Union

antispam adj
antyspamowy
countering spam (unwanted electronic mail)

antispast n
antyspast
a metrical foot composed of an iambus and a trochee

antistate adj
antypaństwowy
opposed to the state

antistatic adj
antyelektrostatyczny antystatyczny
preventing the buildup of static electricity

antistrophe n
antystrofa
in Greek choruses and dances, the returning of the chorus, exactly answering to a previous strophe or movement from right to left

antisymmetric adj
antysymetryczny
(linear algebra)
(order theory; of a binary relation on a set)

antisymmetry n
antysymetria asymetria
the condition of being antisymmetric

antitank adj
przeciwczołgowy przeciwpancerny
designed for attacking tanks or other armored vehicles

antiterrorism n
antyterroryzm
activity aiming at opposing terrorism

antitheater n
antyteatr
works of theater that go against theatrical conventions

antitheft adj
antykradzieżowy przeciwkradzieżowy
preventing from being stolen

antitheism n
antyteizm
active opposition to theism

antithesis /æn.ˈtɪ.θə.sɪs/ n
antyteza
proposition that is opposite to other proposition

antithetical /ˌæntɪˈθɛtɪkəl/ adj
antytetyczny
pertaining to or being an antithesis

antitheticality n
antytetyczność
the quality of being antithetical

antitobacco adj
antytytoniowy
opposed to the tobacco industry or smoking

antitotalitarian adj
antytotalitarny
opposed to or acting against totalitarianism or totalitarian behavior

antitotalitarianism n
antytotalitaryzm
opposition to totalitarianism

antitoxic adj
antytoksyczny
that counteracts a toxin or poison

antitoxin n
antytoksyna
antibody to a specific toxin

antitrade n
antypasat
the wind that blows from west to east above the trade wind

antitraditional adj
antytradycjonalistyczny
opposed to what is traditional

antitraditionalism n
antytradycjonalizm
opposition to traditionalism

antitrinitarian adj
antytrynitarski
rejecting the doctrine that God subsists as three distinct persons

antitrinitarian n
antytrynitariusz antytrynitarz
one who rejects the Trinitarian doctrine

antitrinitarianism n
antytrynitaryzm
rejection of the doctrine that God subsists as three distinct persons

antitrust /ˌæntiˈtɹʌst/ adj
antymonopolowy
opposed to or against the establishment or existence of trusts

antitussive n
przeciwkaszlowy środek
a cough suppressant or a drug that inhibits coughing

antitype n
antytyp
something that is symbolized or represented by a type

antiunitary adj
[[anty-]]jednostkowy

antivenom n
antytoksyna przeciwjad
treatment for venom

antivenomous adj
antytoksyczny przeciwjadowy
acting against venom

antivibration adj
antywibracyjny
countering or preventing vibration

antivibrational adj
antywibracyjny
preventing vibration

antivibratory adj
antywibracyjny
preventing vibrations

antiviral /æntiˈvaɪɹəl/ adj
antywirusowy
computing

antivirus n
antywirus
computing software

antivitamin n
antywitamina
any compound that inhibits the metabolic action of a vitamin

antiworker adj
antyrobotniczy
opposing workers

antler /ˈænt.lə/ /ˈænt.lɚ/ /ˈænʔ.lɚ/ /ˈænʔ.ɫɚ/ n
poroże róg
bony structure on the head of deer, moose and elk

antlerless adj
bezrożny

antling n
mrówczę
small ant

antlion n
mrówkolew
nocturnal insects

antonomasia /ænˌtɒnəʊˈmeɪzɪə/ /ˌæntənəʊˈmeɪzɪə/ /ˌæntənəˈmeɪʒə/ n
antonomazja
substitution of an epithet or title in place of a proper noun

antonym /ˈæn.təˌnɪm/ n
antonim
word which has the opposite meaning

antonymic adj
antonimiczny
of or relating to an antonym or antonyms

antonymous /ænt.əˈnɪm.ʌs/ /ænˈtɑnɪməs/ /ænˈtɒn.ɪ.məs/ adj
antonimiczny
being an antonym
having an opposite meaning

antonymy /ˈæntə.nɪm.i/ n
antonimia
semantic relation between antonyms

ants in one's pants n
robaki w tyłku
agitated and fidgety state

anuria n
bezmocz anuria
a condition in which the kidneys do not produce urine

anus /ˈeɪ.nəs/ n
odbyt
lower opening of the digestive tract

anvil /ˈæn.vəl/ /ˈæn.vɪl/ n
kowadełko kowadło
bone in inner ear
kowadło
block used in blacksmithing

anxiety /ˌæŋ(ɡ)ˈzaɪ.ə.ti/ n
lęk
pathological condition
niepokój trwoga
concern

anxiety disorder n
zaburzenia lękowe
disorder characterised by excessive anxiety

any /ˈæni/ /ˈɛni/ /ˈɛnɪ/ /ˈɪni/ determiner
jakikolwiek każdy którykolwiek
no matter what kind
jakiś żaden
at least one (kind)

any /ˈæni/ /ˈɛni/ /ˈɛnɪ/ /ˈɪni/ pronoun
ktokolwiek
Any things or persons

any day now phraseologicalUnit
na dniach

any minute now adv
lada chwila
very soon

any more /ˌæ.niˈmoːɹ/ /ˌæ.niˈmɔːɹ/ /ˌɛ.niˈmo(ː)ɹ/ /ˌɛ.niˈmoə/ /ˌɛ.niˈmɔɹ/ /ˌɛ.niˈmɔː/ adv
już (nie)
in negative or interrogative constructions

any old determiner
-kolwiek byle bądź lada popadnie wszelki
any, absolutely any

any other business phraseologicalUnit
jakieś inne sprawy
last item on the agenda of a meeting

any way one slices it /ˌɛni‿weɪ wʌn ˈslaɪsəz‿ət/ /ˌɛni‿weɪ wʌn ˈslaɪsɪz‿ɪt/ phraseologicalUnit
pod każdym względem
from any perspective; in every case

anybody's /ˈɛnibədiz/ pronoun
czyjkolwiek czyjś kogokolwiek
belonging to anybody (possessive form of anybody)

anyhow /ˈæn.i.haʊ/ /ˈɛn.i.haʊ/ adv
jakkolwiek w jakikolwiek sposób
in any way, in any manner

anyone /ˈæniˌwʌn/ /ˈɛniˌwʌn/ pronoun
ktokolwiek byle kto kto bądź
anybody

anything /ˈæ.ni.θɪŋ/ /ˈɛ.ni.θɪŋ/ /ˈɛ.nə.θɪŋ/ /ˈɛ.nɪ.θɪŋ/ /ˈɛn.i.θɪŋ/ /ˈɛn.ɪ.θɪŋ/ pronoun
byle co cokolwiek coś nic wszystko
any thing of any kind

anything goes phraseologicalUnit
wszystko jest dozwolone
there are no rules of restrictions

anytime adv
byle kiedy kiedy bądź kiedykolwiek
at any time

anyway /ˈɛniweɪ/ adv
i tak
regardless

anywhere /ˈɛn.i.(h)wɛɹ/ /ˈɛn.iː.(h)wɛə(ɹ)/ /ˈɛnɪwɛə/ adv
byle gdzie gdzie bądź gdziekolwiek
in or at any location

aorist /ˈeɪ.ə.ɹɪst/ /ˈɛə.ɹɪst/ adj
aorystyczny
pertaining to verb in aorist aspect

aorist /ˈeɪ.ə.ɹɪst/ /ˈɛə.ɹɪst/ n
aoryst
a grammatical aspect

aorta /eɪˈɔɹtə/ /eɪˈɔːtə/ n
aorta
great artery

aortic /eɪˈɔɹ.tɪk/ adj
aortalny aortowy
of or concerning the aorta

aortic arch n
łuk aorty
curving portion of the aorta

aortography n
aortografia
arteriography of the aorta

apadana n
apadana
a large hypostyle hall in ancient Persian palaces

apagogic adj
apagogiczny
proving indirectly, by showing the impossibility, or absurdity of the contrary

apanage /ˈæpənɪd͡ʒ/ n
apanaże
grant as a birthright

apart /əˈpɑɹt/ /əˈpɑː(ɹ)t/ adv
osobno
separately, in regard to space or company

apart from preposition
oprócz poza
except for

apartheid /əˈpɑɹ.taɪd/ /əˈpɑɹthaɪt/ /əˈpɑɹtheɪt/ /əˈpɑːthaɪt/ /əˈpɑːtheɪt/ v
apartheid
policy of racial separation in South Africa

apartment /əˈpɑɹt.mənt/ /əˈpɑːt.mənt/ n
mieszkanie
domicile occupying part of a building

apartment building n
apartamentowiec blok
residential building with multiple flats

apastron /æˈpæstɹ(ə)n/ /æˈpæstɹən/ [ə-] n
apastron
point of greatest separation between a celestial object and the star which it orbits

apatheism /ˌæpəˈθi.ɪzəm/ n
apateizm
apathy concerning the existence of God

apathete /ˈæpəθiːt/ n
apatyk
an apathetic person

apathetic /æp.əˈθɛt.ɪk/ adj
apatyczny
void of feeling

apathetically adv
apatycznie
in an apathetic manner

apathize v
apatycznieć
to become apathetic or insensible

apathy /ˈæ.pə.θi/ n
apatia tępota
lack of emotion or motivation

apatite /ˈæpətaɪt/ /ˈæpəˌtaɪt/ n
apatyt
calcium fluoride phosphate of variable composition

apatitic adj
apatytowy
relating to, containing, or having the structure of apatite

ape /eɪp/ n
małpa małpa człekokształtna
primate of the clade Hominoidea

ape /eɪp/ v
małpować imitować
to imitate

apeirogon /əˈpeɪ̯ɹɵɡɑn/ /əˈpiːɹɵɡɑn/ n
wielokąt z nieskończoną liczbą katów

apepsy n
apepsja
defective digestion

aperiodic adj
aperiodyczny nieokresowy nieperiodyczny
that does not recur periodically

apertural adj
aperturowy
relating to an aperture

aperture /ˈap.ə.tjʊə/ /ˈap.ə.t͡ʃə/ /ˈæp.ɚ.t͡ʃɚ/ /ˈæp.ɚˌtjʊɹ/ /ˈæp.ɚˌtʊɹ/ /ˈæp.ɚˌt͡ʃʊɹ/ n
apertura przesłona przysłona
hole restricting the diameter of the lightpath through one plane
otwór szczelina szpara
opening, hole
przysłona
diameter of the aperture

apetalous adj
bezpłatkowy
having no petals

apex /ˈeɪ.pɛks/ n
apeks
the point on the celestial sphere toward which the Sun appears to move relative to nearby stars
szczyt
end of leaf

apex predator n
drapieżnik alfa drapieżnik szczytowy
an animal atop the food chain

aphagia n
afagia zaburzenie połykania
difficulty in swallowing

aphagic adj
afagiczny

aphanite /ˈæf.əˌnaɪt/ n
afanit

aphanitic /ˌæf.əˈnɪt.ɪk/ adj
afanitowy
having crystals too fine to be seen by the naked eye

aphasia /əˈfeɪzɪə/ /əˈfeɪʒə/ n
afazja
pathological speech disorder

aphasic /əˈfeɪzək/ adj
afatyczny afazyjny
affected by, or pertaining to, aphasia

aphasic /əˈfeɪzək/ n
afatyczka afatyk
one who is afflicted by symptoms of aphasia

aphasically adv
afatycznie
in an aphasic manner

aphasiological adj
afazjologiczny
of or relating to aphasiology

aphasiologist n
afazjolog
one who studies or practices aphasiology

aphasiology n
afazjologia
the study of linguistic problems resulting from brain damage

aphelian adj
apheliczny
relating to aphelion

aphelion /æpˈhi.li.ə/ /æpˈhi.li.ən/ /æpˈhil.jə/ /æpˈhil.jən/ /æpˈhiː.lɪ.ə/ /æpˈhiː.lɪ.ən/ /əˈfi.li.ə/ /əˈfi.li.ən/ /əˈfil.jə/ /əˈfil.jən/ /əˈfiː.lɪ.ə/ /əˈfiː.lɪ.ən/ n
aphelium afelium
point in the elliptical orbit of a planet where it is farthest from the Sun

aphemia n
afemia
type of aphasia in which the ability to speak is lost

apheresis /əˈfɛɹəsɪs/ /əˈfɪəɹɪsɪs/ /ˌæfəˈɹisɪs/ n
afereza
loss of letters or sounds from the beginning of a word

aphid /ˈeɪ.fɪd/ n
mszyca
insect

aphonia n
afonia bezgłos
loss of voice

aphonic adj
afoniczny bezgłośny niemy
exhibiting aphonia

aphorism /ˈæf.ə.ɹɪ.zəm/ [ˈæf.ə.ɹɪ.zm̩] n
aforyzm maksyma sentencja
short phrase conveying some principle or concept of thought

aphorist n
aforysta aforystka
person who writes or recites aphorisms

aphoristic /æfəˈɹɪstɪk/ adj
aforystyczny aforyzmowy
of, relating to, or containing aphorisms

aphoristically adv
aforystycznie
in an aphoristic manner

aphoristicity n
aforystyczność

aphoristicness n
aforystyczność

aphotic /eɪˈfoʊtɪk/ /eɪˈfəʊtɪk/ adj
afotyczny
having no light, especially no sunlight

aphotic zone n
strefa afotyczna
that part an ocean or lake that receives insufficient sunlight for photosynthesis

aphrodisiac /æf.ɹoʊ.ˈdi.zi.æk/ /æf.ɹoʊ.ˈdɪ.zi.æk/ n
afrodyzjak
food or drug

aphthous ulcer n
afta

aphysiological adj
afizjologiczny

apiarian /eɪpɪˈɛəɹɪən/ adj
pszczelarski
pertaining to beekeeping

apiarian /eɪpɪˈɛəɹɪən/ n
pszczelarz
beekeeper

apiary /ˈeɪ.pi.ə.ɹi/ /ˈeɪ.pi.ɛɹ.i/ n
pasieka
a place where bees and hives are kept

apicoalveolar adj
apikalno-alweolarny apikalny dziąsłowy
articulated with the tip of the tongue against the alveolar ridge

apiol n
apiol
oleoresin

apiology n
apiologia
study of bees

apitherapy n
apioterapia apiterapia
the medical use of bee products

aplanat n
aplanat
lens corrected for spherical aberration and coma

aplanatic adj
aplanatyczny
free from, or corrected for, spherical aberration and chromatic aberration

aplasia n
aplazja
incomplete development or absence of organ or tissue

aplastic anemia n
anemia aplastyczna niedokrwistość aplastyczna
rare disease

aplenty /əˈplɛnti/ adj
w bród
in an overlarge quantity

aplite n
aplit
a fine-grained granitic rock composed mostly of quartz and feldspars

apnea n
bezdech
cessation of breathing

apo- prefix
apo-
away from, or separate

apocalypse /əˈpɑkəlɪps/ /əˈpɒkəlɪps/ n
apokalipsa
end of the world
cataclysmic event
apokalipsa objawienie
revealing or revelation

apocalyptic /əˈpɒ.kə.lɪp.tɪk/ adj
apokaliptyczny
of or relating to an apocalypse
relating to a disaster

apocalyptically /əˈpɒ.kə.lɪp.tɪkəli/ adv
apokaliptycznie
in an apocalyptic manner

apocatastasis n
apokatastaza
the doctrine that an apocalypse will lead to the remaking of the world rather than a Final Judgment

apocope /əˈpɒ.kə.pi/ n
apokopa
loss or omission of a sound or syllable from the end of a word

apocrypha /əˈpɒk.ɹə.fə/ n
apokryf
writing of a doubtful authorship

apocryphal /əˈpɑːkɹəfəl/ /əˈpɑːkɹɪfəl/ /əˈpɒkɹəfəl/ /əˈpɒkɹɪfəl/ adj
apokryficzny apokryfowy
of doubtful authenticity
of dubious veracity; urban legend
of or pertaining to Apocrypha

apocryphalness n
apokryficzność
the state or condition of being apocryphal

apodictic /apoʊˈdɪktɪk/ /apəʊˈdaɪktɪk/ /apəʊˈdɪktɪk/ /æpəˈdɪktɪk/ adj
apodyktyczny
incontrovertible

apodictically adv
apodyktycznie
in an apodictical manner

apodicticity n
apodyktyczność
the state of being apodictic

apodosis /əˈpɒdəsɪs/ n
następnik
the consequential clause in a conditional sentence

apoenzyme n
apoenzym
an inactive haloenzyme lacking a cofactor

apogamic adj
apogamiczny
of or relating to apogamy

apogamy /əˈpɒɡəmɪ/ n
apogamia
asexual reproduction of a fully formed plant directly from a bud

apogee /ˈæp.ə.d͡ʒi/ n
apogeum
a point in an orbit around the Earth

apolipoprotein n
apolipoproteina
protein that can bind with a lipid

apolitical adj
apolityczny
Having no interest or involvement in politics

apoliticality n
apolityczność

apologetic /əˌpɑləˈd͡ʒɛtɪk/ /əˌpɒləˈdʒɛtɪk/ adj
apologetyczny
(dated) defending by words
przepraszający skruszony
having the character of apology

apologetically adv
przepraszająco
in an apologetic manner

apologetics n
apologetyka
field of study concerned with the systematic defense of a position

apologist /əˈpɒl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/ n
apologeta apologetyk apologetka
one who speaks or writes in defense of a faith

apologize /əˈpɑləd͡ʒaɪz/ /əˈpɒləd͡ʒaɪz/ v
przepraszać apologizować przeprosić
to make an apology or excuse
przepraszać przeprosić
to express regret

apologue /ˈæpəlɒɡ/ n
apolog
a short story with a moral, often involving talking animals or objects

apology /əˈpɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/ /əˈpɒl.ə.d͡ʒi/ n
apologia apologetyka
formal justification, defence
przeprosiny przeproszenie
an expression of regret

apomixis n
apomiksja
animal reproduction in which the egg cell does not undergo meiosis or fertilization
plant reproduction without fertilization, meiosis, or the production of gametes

aponeurosis /ˌap.ə.njʊˈɹəʊ.sɪs/ /ˌæp.ə.nʊˈɹoʊ.sɪs/ n
rozcięgno

apophenia /æpəˈfiːni.ə/ n
apofenia
the perception of connectedness in unrelated phenomena

apophonic adj
alternacyjny apofoniczny przegłosowy
pertaining to or characterized by apophony

apophysis /əˈpɑfɪsɪs/ /əˈpɒfɪsɪs/ n
apofiza
branch
part of a cone

apoplectic /ˌæp.əˈplɛk.tɪk/ adj
apoplektyczny
of or relating to apoplexy

apoplectic /ˌæp.əˈplɛk.tɪk/ n
apoplektyczka apoplektyk
person suffering from apoplexy

apoplectically adv
apoplektycznie
in an apoplectic manner

apoplexy /ˈæp.ə.plɛk.si/ n
apopleksja
loss of consciousness

apoptosis /ˌapɒpˈtəʊsɪs/ /ˌæ.pəˈtoʊ.sɪs/ /ˌæpəpˈtoʊsəs/ n
apoptoza
death of cells

aporia /əˈpɔɹiə/ /əˈpɔːɹɪə/ n
aporia
contradiction, logical impasse
expression of doubt

aporophobia n
strach przed biednymi
fear, dislike, or hate of poor people

aposelene n
aposelenium

aposematism /-pə-/ /ˌæpoʊsɪˈmætɪz(ə)m/ /ˌæpə(ʊ)sɪˈmætɪz(ə)m/ [-ɾɪ-] n
aposematyczne ubarwienie ostrzegawcze
adaptation that warns off potential predators

aposiopesis /ˌæpəsaɪəˈpiːsɪs/ n
aposjopeza apozjopeza
abrupt breaking-off in speech

apostasy /əˈpɒ.stə.si/ /əˈpɔs.tə.si/ n
apostazja
renunciation of one's religion or faith
apostazja odstępstwo odszczepieństwo
renunciation of set of beliefs

apostate /əˈpɒs.teɪt/ /əˈpɒs.tət/ /əˈpɔs.teɪt/ /əˈpɔs.tət/ /əˈpɔs.tɪt/ adj
apostatyczny
guilty of apostasy

apostate /əˈpɒs.teɪt/ /əˈpɒs.tət/ /əˈpɔs.teɪt/ /əˈpɔs.tət/ /əˈpɔs.tɪt/ n
apostata apostatka odstępca odstępczyni
person who renounces a religion or faith

apostille n
apostille
a special sign

apostle /əˈpɑsl̩/ /əˈpɒs(ə)l/ n
apostoł apostołka
missionary or leader of a mission

apostleship n
apostolat
the position of being an apostle

apostolate n
apostolat
office, or responsibilities of an apostle
apostolat apostolstwo
group of people that exists for the spreading of religious doctrine

apostolic /ˌæpəˈstɑːlɪk/ /ˌæpəˈstɒlɪk/ adj
apostolski
according to the doctrines of the apostles
pertaining to (the) apostles
apostolski papieski
pertaining to the pope or the papacy

apostolic succession n
sukcesja apostolska
chain of consecrations of bishops

apostrophe /əˈpɑs.tɹə.fi/ /əˈpɒs.tɹə.fi/ n
apostrof apostrofa
the character ’
apostrofa
sudden piece of dialogue

apostropheless adj
bez apostrofu bez apostrofy

apostrophic adj
apostroficzny
pertaining to the apostrophe (sudden, exclamatory dialogue)

apostrophically adv
apostroficznie
using apostrophe; with sudden exclamatory dialogue

apostrophize v
apostrofować
to use the apostrophe in writing or speech

apothecium n
apotecjum miseczka
the ascigerous fructification of lichens

apothegm /ˈæ.pə.θɛm/ n
apoftegmat
A short witty instructive saying

apothem /ˈæp.ə.θɛm/ n
apotema
the distance from the center of a polygon to a side
perpendicular distance from the center of a circle to a chord

apotheosis /əˌpɑː.θiˈoʊ.sɪs/ /əˌpɒθ.iːˈəʊ.sɪs/ n
apoteoza
glorification, exaltation

apotheosize v
apoteozować
deify
exalt

apotropaic /ˌæpətɹəˈpeɪ.ɪk/ adj
apotropaiczny apotropeiczny
intended to ward off evil

apotropaism n
apotropaizm
the use of ritual or other magical means to avert evil or bad luck

app /æp/ [ʔæʔp̚] n
apka aplikacja
small computer application

appall /əˈpɔːl/ v
bulwersować zbulwersować
to depress or discourage with fear; to impress with fear

appalling /əˈpɔːlɪŋ/ adj
przerażający zatrważający
That appalls/appals or appall/appal

apparatchik /apəˈɹatʃɪk/ /æpəˈɹæt͡ʃɪk/ n
aparatczyk
blindly loyal bureaucrat
member of a Communist apparat

apparatus /æp.əˈɹeɪ.təs/ /æp.əˈɹæt.əs/ /æp.əˈɹɑː.təs/ n
aparat
complex machine or instrument
bureaucratic organization
aparat aparatura instrumentarium
assortment of tools or instruments
entirety of means for a specific end

apparent /əˈpæɹ.ənt/ /əˈpɛɚ.ənt/ adj
oczywisty
clear
pozorny
seeming
widoczny
visible

apparently /əˈpæɹ.ənt.liː/ adv
najwyraźniej
(archaic) plainly
podobno ponoć rzekomo
according to what the speaker has read or been told
widocznie pozornie pewnie widać zapewne
seemingly

apparition /ˌæp.əɹˈɪʃn̩/ /ˌæp.ɚˈɪ.ʃən/ /ˌæp.ɚˈɪʃ.n̩/ n
pojawienie
act of becoming visible
zjawa
unexpected, wonderful, or preternatural appearance
zjawisko
thing appearing

appaz /əˈpæz/ adv
podobno

appeal /əˈpil/ /əˈpiːl/ n
apelacja rewizja
application to a superior court or judge for a decision or order by an inferior court of judge to be reviewed and overturned

appeal /əˈpil/ /əˈpiːl/ v
apelować odwołać się odwoływać się zaapelować
(intransitive) to apply to a superior court or judge for a decision or order by an inferior court or judge to be reviewed and overturned
apelować zaapelować
to call upon a person or an authority to corroborate a statement, to decide a controverted question, or to vindicate one’s rights
podobać się spodobać się
to be attractive

appear /əˈpiːɹ/ /əˈpɪə/ /əˈpɪɹ/ [əˈpʰɪɹ] v
pojawiać się pojawić się ukazać się ukazywać się zjawiać się zjawić się
to come or be in sight; to be in view; to become visible
stanąć stawić się
to stand in presence of some authority, tribunal, or superior person, to answer a charge, plead a cause, or the like
zdawać się
to seem; to have a certain semblance; to look

appearance /əˈpɪɹ.əns/ n
stawiennictwo
The coming into court of either of the parties
wygląd aparycja powierzchowność
Personal presence, form or look
zjawisko
A thing seen

appeasement /əˈpiːz.mənt/ n
appeasement
policy of giving in to demands

appellant /əˈpɛln̩t/ adj
apelacyjny
of or relating to appeals

appellant /əˈpɛln̩t/ n
apelant
litigant or party that is making an appeal

appellate /əˈpɛlət/ adj
apelacyjny
pertaining to something that is appealed to

appellate court n
sąd apelacyjny
court having jurisdiction to hear appeals

appellation /ˌæpəˈleɪʃən/ n
apelacja
indication for wine that describes its geographic origin

appellativization n
apelatywizacja
the process of a proper name becoming a common noun

append /əˈpɛnd/ /ʌˈpɛnd/ v
doczepić dołączyć
to hang or attach to, as by a string

appendageless adj
bez dodatku bez kończyn

appendectomy n
wycięcie ślepej kiszki
surgical procedure

appendicitis /əˈpɛnd.ɪ.saɪt.əs/ n
zapalenie wyrostka zapalenie wyrostka robaczkowego
inflammation of the vermiform appendix

appendix /əˈpɛn.dɪks/ /əˈpɪn.dɪks/ n
aneks apendyks appendix dodatek uzupełnienie załącznik
text added to the end of a book or an article

appendixless adj
bez wyrostka robaczkowego

apperceive v
apercepcja
to be aware of perceiving

apperception /ˌæpəˈsɛpʃən/ /ˌæpɚˈsɛpʃən/ n
apercepcja
mental perception
mind’s perception of itself as subject
apercepcja samoświadomość
mental assimilation of new experience

appertisation n
apertyzacja
food preservation method created by Nicolas Appert

appetite /ˈæpəˌtaɪt/ /ˈæpɪtaɪt/ n
apetyt
desire of or relish for food
any strong desire
żądza
desire for personal gratification

appetite comes with eating phraseologicalUnit
apetyt rośnie w miarę jedzenia
starting something increases your desire to continue it

appetiteless adj
bez apetytu

appetitelessness n
brak apetytu

appetizer n
zakąska
small, light first course

appetizing /ˈæp.ə.taɪz.ɪŋ/ adj
apetyczny
that appeals to, or stimulates the appetite

appetizingly /ˈæpəˌtaɪzɪŋli/ adv
apetycznie
in an appetizing manner

appetizingness n
apetyczność
The state of being appetizing

applaud /əˈplɑd/ /əˈplɔd/ /əˈplɔːd/ v
oklaskiwać klaskać bić brawo
to express approval by clapping

applause /əˈplɑz/ /əˈplɔz/ /əˈplɔːz/ n
aplauz poklask oklaski brawa
act of applauding

applauseless adj
bez aplauzu

apple /ˈæp.əl/ [ˈæp.ɫ̩] n
jabłko
fruit
jabłoń
wood

apple cider vinegar n
ocet jabłkowy
vinegar

apple core n
ogryzek
the central portion of an apple

apple juice n
sok jabłkowy
the juice of apples, often used as a drink

apple mint n
jabłkowa mięta mięta jabłkowa mięta wonna
aromatic herb

apple of Sodom /ˈæp(ə)l əv ˈsɑdəm/ /ˈæp(ə)l əv ˈsɒdəm/ n
mleczara wyniosła
Calotropis procera

apple of discord /ˈæp(ə)l əv ˈdɪskɔɹd/ /ˈæp(ə)l əv ˈdɪskɔːd/ n
kość niezgody jabłko niezgody
object which sows anger and dissension

apple of someone's eye n
oczko w głowie
favourite, a particular preference, or a loved one

apple pear n
grusza chińska
fruit

apple pie /ˌæp.əlˈpaɪ/ /ˌæp.əlˈpɑɪ/ [ˌæp.ɫ̩ˈpaɪ] [ˌæp.ɫ̩ˈpɑɪ] n
jabłecznik szarlotka
pie with apple filling

apple rose n
róża jabłkowata
Rosa villosa

apple tree /ˈæpl̩ tɹi/ /ˈæpl̩ tɹiː/ n
jabłoń
tree that bears apples

apple turnover n
jabłecznik
a pastry dessert filled with pieces of sweetened apples

apple-cheeked adj
rumiany
having red cheeks

apple-corer n
drylownica do jabłek wydrążacz do jabłek
a tool

appleless adj
bez jabłek

apples and oranges n
dwie różne rzeczy
non-comparable items

applet n
aplet
a small program module that runs under the control of a larger application

appliance /əˈplaɪəns/ n
urządzenie
a device in its own right

applicable /əˈplɪkəbəl/ /ˈæplɪkəbəl/ adj
dotyczący odnoszący się odpowiedni
suitable for application; relevant

applicant /ˈæp.lə.kɪnt/ n
kandydat kandydatka
one who applies

applicate n
współrzędna Z
the z-coordinate

application /ˌæpləˈkeɪʃən/ /ˌæplɪˈkeɪʃən/ n
aplikacja
the act of applying or laying on, in a literal sense
the act of directing or referring something to a particular case
(bureaucracy, law) a petition, entreaty, or other request, with the adposition for denoting the subject matter
aplikacja program komputerowy
a computer program
aplikacja wniosek
a verbal or written request, especially for assistance or employment or admission to a school, course or similar
aplikacja zastosowanie stosowanie
the act of applying as a means

applicational adj
aplikacyjny
of or pertaining to an application

applicator n
aplikator
tool or device used to apply

applied /əˈplaɪd/ adj
stosowany
concerned with practical problems, rather that theoretical abstractions
put into practical use

applied arts n
sztuka użytkowa
design and decoration to make everyday items aesthetically pleasing

applied linguistics n
lingwistyka stosowana
field of linguistic study

applied mathematics n
matematyka stosowana
area of mathematics

applique /əˈpliː.keɪ/ /ˈæ.plɪ.keɪ/ /ˌæ.plɪˈ.keɪ/ n
aplika aplikacja
decorative design

apply /əˈplaɪ/ v
aplikować
to submit oneself as a candidate
zastosować
to put to use for a purpose

appoint /əˈpɔɪnt/ v
umawiać umówić
to fix (the time and place of)

appointment /əˈpɔɪnt.mɛnt/ /əˈpɔɪnt.mɪnt/ [əˈpʰɔɪ̯nʔmɪnʔ] [əˈpʰɔɪ̯̃ʔmɪnʔ] n
przeznaczenie
act of appointing; designation of a person to hold an office
wizyta
arrangement for a meeting; an engagement

apport /əˈpɔɹt/ /əˈpɔːt/ n
aport
an object that appears from an unknown source

apport /əˈpɔɹt/ /əˈpɔːt/ v
aportować zaaportować

apportionment n
aport
The act of apportioning or the state of being apportioned

apposite /əˈpɒzɪt/ /ˈa.pə.zɪt/ /ˈæ.pə.zɪt/ adj
stosowny właściwy
appropriate, relevant, well-suited

apposition /ˌæpəˈzɪʃn̩/ n
apozycja
biology: growth of successive layers of cell wall
grammatical construction

appositional adj
apozycyjny
relating to apposition; side-by-side

appraisal /əˈpɹeɪzəl/ n
ocena wycena
judgement

appraise /əˈpɹeɪz/ v
wyceniać wycenić
determine value or worth

appraiser n
rzeczoznawca rzeczoznawczyni
one who appraises

appreciate /əˈpɹiː.si.eɪt/ /əˈpɹiː.ʃi.eɪt/ /əˈpɹɪʃ.i.eɪt/ v
doceniać docenić
to be grateful for something
to view as valuable
drożeć zdrożeć zyskać (na wartości) zyskiwać (na wartości)
to increase in value
rozumieć zdawać sobie sprawę zdać sobie sprawę zrozumieć
to be aware of

appreciation /əˌpɹiː.ʃiˈeɪ.ʃən/ n
aprecjacja
a rise in value;—opposed to depreciation
uznanie
a just valuation or estimate of merit, worth, weight, etc.; recognition of excellence

appreciational adj
aprecjacyjny

apprehend /æpɹiˈhɛnd/ v
aresztować zatrzymać zatrzymywać
to seize or take (a person) by legal process

apprehension /æp.ɹiˈhɛn.ʃən/ /æp.ɹɪˈhɛn.ʃən/ n
zatrzymanie
arrest

apprehensive /ˌæpɹɪˈhɛnsɪv/ adj
niespokojny strwożony zaniepokojony zatroskany
anticipating something with anxiety or fear
pojętny
perceptive; quick to learn; intelligent; capable of grasping with the mind or intellect

apprentice /əˈpɹɛntɪs/ n
terminator uczeń adept adeptka uczennica
trainee, especially in a skilled trade

apprise /əˈpɹaɪz/ v
zawiadamiać zawiadomić
to make (someone or oneself) aware of some information

approach /əˈpɹoʊt͡ʃ/ /əˈpɹəʊt͡ʃ/ n
dojazd podjazd
avenue, passage, or way by which a building or place can be approached
dostęp
opportunity of drawing near
nadejście podejście zbliżenie
act of drawing near in place or time
podejście
manner of making (a policy) or solving (a problem, etc.)

approach /əˈpɹoʊt͡ʃ/ /əˈpɹəʊt͡ʃ/ v
nadciągać nadciągnąć podchodzić podejść zblizać się zblizyć się
to come near to (someone or something) in place, time, character, or value
to come or go near, in place or time; to advance nearer; to draw nigh

approbative /əˈpɹoʊˈbeɪ.tɪv/ /əˈpɹəʊ.beɪ.tɪv/ /ˈæp.ɹəˌbeɪ.tɪv/ adj
aprobatywny aprobujący
giving authorization or approval

appropriate /əˈpɹoʊ.pɹi.eɪt/ /əˈpɹoʊ.pɹi.ət/ /əˈpɹoʊ.pɹi.ɪt/ /əˈpɹəʊ.pɹi.eɪt/ /əˈpɹəʊ.pɹi.ət/ /əˈpɹəʊ.pɹi.ɪt/ adj
należyty odpowiedni stosowny właściwy
peculiar, suitable, fit, proper
stosowny
suitable to social situation

appropriate /əˈpɹoʊ.pɹi.eɪt/ /əˈpɹoʊ.pɹi.ət/ /əˈpɹoʊ.pɹi.ɪt/ /əˈpɹəʊ.pɹi.eɪt/ /əˈpɹəʊ.pɹi.ət/ /əˈpɹəʊ.pɹi.ɪt/ v
przywłaszczyć sobie
to take to oneself in exclusion of others

appropriately adv
odpowiednio
in an appropriate manner

approval /əˈpɹuvəl/ /əˈpɹuːvəl/ n
aprobata
acceptance
zatwierdzenie zgoda
permission

approve /əˈpɹuːv/ v
aprobować pochwalać zaaprobować
to regard as good; to commend; to be pleased with; to think well of
aprobować zaaprobować
to make or show to be worthy of approbation or acceptance
zatwierdzać zatwierdzić
to sanction officially; to ratify; to confirm; as, to approve the decision of a court-martial

approving /əˈpɹuː.vɪŋ/ adj
aprobujący
expressing approbation; commending

approvingly adv
aprobatywnie aprobująco
in an approving manner

approximate /ə.ˈpɹɑk.sə.meɪt/ /ə.ˈpɹɑk.sə.mət/ /ə.ˈpɹɑk.sɪ.mət/ /ə.ˈpɹɒk.sɪ.meɪt/ /ə.ˈpɹɒk.sɪ.mət/ adj
przybliżony
near correctness; nearly exact; not perfectly accurate;

approximate /ə.ˈpɹɑk.sə.meɪt/ /ə.ˈpɹɑk.sə.mət/ /ə.ˈpɹɑk.sɪ.mət/ /ə.ˈpɹɒk.sɪ.meɪt/ /ə.ˈpɹɒk.sɪ.mət/ v
aproksymować zaproksymować
to estimate

approximately /əˈpɹɑk.sɪ.mət.li/ /əˈpɹɒk.sɪ.mət.li/ adv
około jako tako mniej więcej z grubsza
imprecise but close to in quantity or amount

approximation /əˌpɹɑk.sɪˈmeɪ.ʃən/ /əˌpɹɒk.sɪˈmeɪ.ʃən/ /əˌpɹɔk.sɪˈmæɪ.ʃən/ [əˌpɹɑk.sɪˈmeɪ.ʃn̩] [əˌpɹɒk.sɪˈmeɪ.ʃn̩] [əˌpɹɔk.sɪˈmæɪ.ʃn̩] n
aproksymacja
act of approximating
imprecise solution

approximative adj
aproksymacyjny aproksymatywny
of, relating to, or being an approximation

apraxia /əˈpɹæksɪə/ n
apraksja
disorder of motor planning

apricot /æepɹɪˈkɒt/ /æepɹɪˈkɔt/ /ˈeɪ.pɹɪ.kɑt/ /ˈeɪ.pɹɪ.kɒt/ /ˈæp.ɹɪ.kɑt/ adj
morelowy
colour

apricot /æepɹɪˈkɒt/ /æepɹɪˈkɔt/ /ˈeɪ.pɹɪ.kɑt/ /ˈeɪ.pɹɪ.kɒt/ /ˈæp.ɹɪ.kɑt/ n
morela
fruit
tree

apriorism n
aprioryzm
the idea that some knowledge of the physical world can be derived logically

apriorist n
apriorysta

apriority n
aprioryczność
the quality or state of being known a priori

apron /ˈeɪ.pəɹn/ /ˈeɪ.pɹən/ n
fartuch
clothing

apronless adj
bez fartucha

apropos /ˌæp.ɹəˈpoʊ/ /ˌæp.ɹəˈpəʊ/ adj
à propos dorzeczny stosowny
of an appropriate or pertinent nature

apropos /ˌæp.ɹəˈpoʊ/ /ˌæp.ɹəˈpəʊ/ adv
à propos
by the way
à propos odpowiednio stosownie
timely, at a good time

apropos /ˌæp.ɹəˈpoʊ/ /ˌæp.ɹəˈpəʊ/ preposition
à propos
regarding or concerning

apse /æps/ n
apsyda absyda
semicircular projection from a building

apse chapel n
kaplica z apsydą

apsis /ˈæpsɪs/ n
apsyda absyda
architecture: apse
astronomy: point in elliptical orbit

aptly /ˈæp(t).li/ adv
odpowiednio trafnie
in an apt or suitable manner

apéritif /ɑːˌpɛɹɪˈtiːf/ /əˌpɛɹɪˈtiːf/ n
aperitif
alcoholic drink served before a meal as an appetiser

aqua regia /ˈɑː.kwə ˈɹeɪ.ɡi.ə/ /ˌækwə ˈɹiː.ʒə/ n
woda królewska
mixture of acids

aqua vitae /ˌeɪkwə ˈvaɪti/ /ˌækwə ˈviːteɪ/ n
akwawita okowita
alcohol

aqua- prefix
akwa-
pertaining to water

aquaculture n
akwakultura
the cultivation of the aquatic produce

aquafaba /ˌækwəˈfɑːbə/ /ˌɑːkwəˈfɑːbə/ n
akwafaba aquafaba
liquid left over from beans

aquafortist n
akwaforcista akwaforcistka

aqualung n
akwalung
diving equipment

aquamanile n
akwamanila
water vessel

aquamarine /ˌæk.wə.məˈɹiːn/ /ˌɑ.kwə.məˈɹiːn/ n
akwamaryn akwamaryna
aquamarine colour
type of beryl

aquametrics n
akwametria
the analysis of trace amounts of water in a sample

aquanaut n
akwanauta
underwater explorer

aquapark n
akwapark aquapark
an amusement park with waterplay areas

aquaplane /ˈækwəpleɪn/ /ˈækwəˌpleɪn/ /ˌækwəˈpleɪn/ n
akwaplan
board on which a person stands to ride for leisure which is pulled on a water surface by a motorboat

aquaponics /(ˌ)ækwəˈpɒnɪks/ /ˌækwə-/ /ˌɑkwəˈpɑnɪks/ n
akwaponika
system that combines aquaculture with hydroponics

aquarelle n
akwarela
painting

aquarist n
akwariarz akwarysta akwarystka
a person who maintains an aquarium

aquarium /-ɛɹiəm/ /əˈkwɛɹ.i.jəm/ n
akwarium
tank for keeping fish
public place where live fish are exhibited

aquatic /w/ /ɘ.ˈkwɔ.tɘk/ /ə.ˈkwæ.tɪk/ /ə.ˈkwɑ.tɪk/ /ə.ˈkwɒ.tɪk/ adj
wodny
relating to water; living in or near water, taking place in water

aquatic warbler n
wodniczka
Acrocephalus paludicola

aquatint /ˈækwətɪnt/ n
akwatinta akwatynta
form of etching with acid on a plate
etching or print

aqueduct /ˈæk.wəˌdʌkt/ /ˈæk.wɪˌdʌkt/ /ˈɑk.wəˌdʌkt/ n
akwedukt wodociąg
an artificial channel conveying water
a structure carrying water

aqueous /ˈeɪ.kwi.əs/ /ˈæ.kwi.əs/ /ˈɑ.kwi.əs/ adj
wodnisty wodny
consisting mainly of water

aquifer /ˈækwɪfə/ /ˈækwɪfɝ/ /ˈɑkwɪfɝ/ n
warstwa wodonośna
an underground layer of water-bearing porous stone, earth, or gravel

aquiline /ˈæk.wɪ.laɪn/ adj
orli
of, pertaining to, or characteristic of eagles

aquiline nose n
orli nos jastrzębi nos
human nose with a hooked, bent shape

araba n
arba
carriage

arabesque /ˌæɹ.əˈbɛsk/ n
arabeska
ornamental design used in Islamic Art
(music) ornate composition

arable /ˈæɹəbl̩/ adj
orny
suitable for cultivation

arachnid /əˈɹæknɪd/ n
pajęczak
eight-legged creature

arachno- prefix
arachno-

arachnoid mater n
opona pajęcza
middle layer of the meninges

arachnologic adj
arachnologiczny
of or relating to arachnology, the study of arachnids

arachnologist n
arachnolog

arachnology n
arachnologia
study of the Arachnida

arachnophobia /æˌɹæk.nəˈfəʊ.bɪ.ə/ n
arachnofobia
an abnormal or irrational fear of spiders

aragonite n
aragonit
saline evaporate

aragonitic adj
aragonitowy
of, pertaining to, or formed from aragonite

arak /əˈɹæk/ /ˈɛɹ.ɪk/ n
arak
a Middle Eastern aniseed-flavoured alcoholic drink

arbalest n
arbalet
late form of medieval crossbow

arbiter /ˈɑːbɪtə(ɹ)/ n
arbiter
a person appointed, or chosen, by parties to determine a controversy between them

arbitrage /ˈɑɹ.bɪ.tɹɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈɑɹbɪˌtɹɑʒ/ n
arbitraż rozjemstwo
market activity

arbitrager n
arbitrażysta
one who participates in arbitrage

arbitral /ˈɑːbɪtɹəl/ adj
arbitrażowy
relating to arbitration

arbitrarily adv
arbitralnie
in an arbitrary manner

arbitrariness n
arbitralność
the state of being arbitrary

arbitrary /ˈɑɹ.bɪˌtɹɛ(ə).ɹi/ /ˈɑː.bɪ.tɹi/ /ˈɑː.bɪ.tɹə.ɹi/ adj
arbitralny dowolny umowny
based on individual discretion or judgment
dowolny
(mathematics)
samowolny apodyktyczny arbitralny
unrestrained by law; tyrannical

arbitrate /ˈɑːbɪtreɪt/ v
arbitrażować
to make a judgment on

arbitration /ˌɑɹ.bɪˈtɹeɪ.ʃən/ /ˌɑː.bɪˈtɹeɪ.ʃən/ [ˌɑɹ.bəˈt̠͡ɹ̠eɪ.ʃn̩] [ˌɑː.bəˈt̠͡ɹ̠eɪ.ʃn̩] n
arbitraż
process through which two or more parties use an arbitrator or arbiter in order to resolve a dispute
the act or process of arbitrating

arbitrational adj
arbitrażowy
of or pertaining to arbitration

arboreal /ɑɹˈbɔɹi.əl/ adj
nadrzewny
living in or among trees

arborescence n
drzewkowaty system
tree structure

arboretum /ɑː(ɹ)bəˈɹiːtəm/ n
arboretum dendrarium
place of many varieties of tree

arboricide n
arborycyd
herbicide intended to kill trees

arborio rice /ɑɹˈbɔɹi.oʊ ˈɹaɪs/ /ɑːˈbɔːɹɪ.əʊ ˈɹaɪs/ n
arborio
variety of short-grained rice

arc /ɑɹk/ /ɑːk/ n
łuk
geometry: part of a curve
curve

arcade /ɑɹˈkeɪd/ /ɑːˈkeɪd/ n
arkada
row of arches
arkada galeria pasaż
covered passage, usually with shops on both sides
arkada salon gier
establishment running coin-operated games

arcade game n
automat gra w salonie gier
A coin-operated video game or amusement device

arcadian /ɑɹˈkeɪdɪən/ adj
arkadkowy arkadowy
Pertaining to an arcade

arcading n
arkadowanie
An arrangement of arcades

arcana /ɑɹˈkeɪnə/ /ɑɹˈkɑːnə/ n
arkana arkany
knowledge that is mysterious to the uninitiated

arch /ɑɹk/ /ɑɹt͡ʃ/ /ɑːk/ /ɑːt͡ʃ/ n
łuk
architectural element
inverted U shape
arrangement of trapezoidal stones

arch /ɑɹk/ /ɑɹt͡ʃ/ /ɑːk/ /ɑːt͡ʃ/ v
tworzyć łuk wyginać w łuk
form into arch

arch- /ɑ(ɹ)k/ /ɑː(ɹ)t͡ʃ/ prefix
archi- arcy-
chief, highest, most extreme

archaeo- prefix
archeo-
ancient, early, primitive

archaeographical adj
archeograficzny

archaeographist /ɑːkiːˈɒɡɹəfɪst/ n
archeograf

archaeography /ɑːkiːˈɒɡɹəfɪ/ n
archeografia
treatise on antiquities

archaeological adj
archeologiczny
relating to the science or research of archaeology

archaeologically adv
archeologicznie
in an archaeological manner

archaeologist /ˌɑɹ.kiˈɑ.lə.d͡ʒɪst/ /ˌɑː.kiˈɒl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/ n
archeolog archeolożka
someone who studies or practises archaeology

archaeology /ˌɑɹ.kiˈɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/ /ˌɑː.kiˈɒl.ə.d͡ʒi/ n
archeologia
scientific study of past remains

archaeophyte /ɑɹˈki.əˌfaɪt/ /ɑːˈkiː.əˌfaɪt/ /ˈɑɹ.ki.əˌfaɪt/ /ˈɑː.ki.əˌfaɪt/ n
archeofit
plant introduced to an area by humans (or arrived naturally, but from an area in which it was present as a human introduction) and became naturalized before 1500 C.E.

archaic /ɐːˈkæɪ.ɪk/ /ɑɹ.ˈkeɪ.ɪk/ /ɑː.ˈkeɪ.ɪk/ adj
archaiczny
old-fashioned or antiquated
belonging to the archaic period

archaically adv
archaicznie
in an archaic manner

archaicity /ɑː(ɹ)keɪˈɪsɪti/ n
archaiczność archaika
the quality of being archaic

archaism /ˈaː.kæɪ.ɪz.əm/ /ˈɑɹ.keɪˌɪz.əm/ /ˈɑɹ.kiˌɪz.əm/ /ˈɑː.keɪ.ɪz.əm/ n
archaizm
archaic word, language

archaist n
archaista
a person who uses archaisms in language

archaistic /ɑːkeɪˈɪstɪk/ n
archaistyczny

archaization n
archaizacja
process of becoming or turning something more archaic

archaize /ˈɑː(ɹ).keɪˌaɪz/ v
archaizować zarchaizować
To give an archaic quality or character to

archaizer n
archaizator

archangel /ɑː(ɹ)ˈkeɪn.d͡ʒəl/ /ˈɑː(ɹ).keɪn.d͡ʒəl/ n
archanioł
angel who leads other angels

archangelic adj
archanielski

archbishop /ˈɑː(ɹ)t͡ʃˌbɪʃəp/ /ˌɑː(ɹ)t͡ʃˈbɪʃəp/ n
arcybiskup
senior bishop

archbishopric /ɑɹt͡ʃˈbɪʃəprɪk/ /ɑːt͡ʃˈbɪʃəprɪk/ n
arcybiskupstwo
the rank or office of an archbishop
arcybiskupstwo metropolia
jurisdiction of an archbishop

archconfraternity /ˌɑː(ɹ)t͡ʃˌkɒnfɹəˈtɜː(ɹ)nɪti/ n
archikonfraternia arcybractwo
religious confraternity that can join with and extend privileges to other similar brotherhoods

archdeacon n
archidiakon
administrative official in a diocese

archdeaconry n
archidiakonat
the office of an archdeacon, or the term of that office
archidiakonat archidiakonia
the residence or territorial jurisdiction of an archdeacon

archdeaconship n
archidiakonat

archdiocesan /ˌɑɹt͡ʃˌdaɪˈɑsɪsən/ adj
archidiecezjalny
relating to an archdiocese

archdiocese /-siːz/ /ˌɑɹt͡ʃˈdaɪəsɪs/ /ˌɑːtʃˈdaɪ.ə.sɪs/ n
archidiecezja arcybiskupstwo metropolia
area administered by an archbishop

archducal /ɑːtʃˈdjuːkəl/ adj
arcyksiążęcy
pertaining to archdukes

archduchess n
arcyksiężna arcyksiężniczka
daughter or granddaughter of the Emperor of Austria-Hungary

archduchy n
arcyksięstwo
territory of an archduke

archduke n
arcyksiążę
rank

arche /ˈɑː(ɹ)ki/ n
arche

archegonium n
rodnia
multicellular reproductive structure in certain plants

archegony n
abiogeneza archigonia samorództwo

archenemy n
arcywróg
a principal enemy

archenteron n
prajelito
a primitive alimentary cavity

archeopteryx /ɑɹkiˈɒptəɹɪks/ /ɑːkiːˈɒptəɹɪks/ n
archeopteryks
ancient bird

archer /ˈɑɹt͡ʃɚ/ /ˈɑː(ɹ).t͡ʃə(ɹ)/ n
łucznik łuczniczka
one who shoots an arrow from a bow or a bolt from a crossbow

archeress /ˈɑːtʃəɹɪs/ n
łuczniczka
a female archer

archery /ɑɹt͡ʃəɹiː/ /ɑːt͡ʃəɹiː/ n
łucznictwo
the practice

archetypal /ˈɑɹkɪtaɪpəl/ /ˈɑːkɪtaɪpəl/ adj
archetypiczny archetypowy
of or pertaining to an archetype

archetype /ˈɑɹkɪtaɪp/ /ˈɑːkɪtaɪp/ n
archetyp
original model of which all other similar concepts, objects, or persons are merely copied, derivative, emulated, or patterned
Jungian psychology: universal pattern of thought
character, object, or story based on a known character, object, or story

archiepiscopal adj
arcybiskupi
of or relating to an archbishop or an archbishopric

archimandrite /ˌɑːkɪˈmændɹaɪt/ n
archimandryta
The superior of a large monastery, or group of monasteries, in the Orthodox Church
An honorary title sometimes given to a monastic priest

archipelago /ˌɑɹkəˈpɛləˌɡoʊ/ /ˌɑːkəˈpɛləɡəʊ/ n
archipelag
group of islands

architect /ˈɑɹ.kɪˌtɛkt/ /ˈɑː.kɪˌtɛkt/ n
architekt architektka
designer of buildings
planner

architectonics n
architektonika

architectural /ˌɑɹkɪˈtɛktjəɹəl/ /ˌɑɹkɪˈtɛkt͡ʃəɹəl/ adj
architektoniczny architektoński architekturalny
pertaining to architecture

architecturally adv
architektonicznie
in an architectural manner

architecture /ˈɑɹkɪtɛkt͡ʃɚ/ /ˈɑː.kɪ.ˌtɛk.tʃə/ n
architektura
art and science of designing buildings and other structures
computing: a specific model of a microchip or CPU

architrave /ˈɑɹ.kɪ.tɹeɪv/ n
architraw
the lowest part of an entablature

archival /ɑːˈkaɪv(ə)l/ /ˈɑːkɪv(ə)l/ /ˌɑɹˈkaɪv(ə)l/ adj
archiwalny
of or pertaining to an archive or archiving

archival science n
archiwistyka
the study of archiving

archivally adv
archiwalnie
by archival means

archive /ˈɑɹkaɪv/ /ˈɑːkaɪv/ n
archiwum
place for storing earlier material

archive /ˈɑɹkaɪv/ /ˈɑːkaɪv/ v
archiwizować zarchiwizować
to archive

archivist /ˈɑː(ɹ)kəvɪst/ /ˈɑː(ɹ)kɪvɪst/ /ˈɑː(ɹ)ˌkaɪvɪst/ n
archiwista archiwistka archiwariusz archiwariuszka
one who creates, maintains or controls archives

archivolt n
archiwolta
an ornamental molding or band following the underside of an arch

archly adv
łobuzersko
in an arch manner

archmage /ˈɑːrt͡ʃmeɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈɑːtʃmeɪdʒ/ n
arcymag
a very powerful mage

archon /ˈɑː(ɹ)kən/ n
archont
chief magistrate

archprelate n
arcypasterz
an archbishop or other chief prelate

archpriest n
archiprezbiter
religious title/rank

arcology n
arkologia
urban development theory involving efficient use of space and resources

arcosolium n
arkosolium
a tomb in an arched recess in a wall

arctic fox n
piesiec lis polarny piesak
Vulpes lagopus

arctic hare n
zając polarny
Lepus arcticus

arctic redpoll n
czeczotka tundrowa
Acanthis hornemanni

arcuate fasciculus /ˈɑːkjuːət fəˈsɪkjʊləs/ n
pęczek łukowaty
bundle of axons

ard /ɑɹd/ /ɑːd/ n
radło
simple plough

arduous /ˈɑɹ.d͡ʒu.əs/ /ˈɑː.djuː.əs/ /ˈɑː.d͡ʒuː.əs/ adj
uciążliwy arcytrudny
needing or using up much energy

arduously adv
arcytrudno
in an arduous manner

are /ɛə/ /ɛəɹ/ /ɛɹ/ /ɛː/ n
ar
unit of area

are you OK /ɑɹ juː oʊˈkeɪ/ /ɑː juː əʊˈkeɪ/ [ɑ̟ɹ ju̟ː oʊˈkʰeɪ] [ɑ̟ː ju̟ː əʊˈkʰeɪ] phraseologicalUnit
czy wszystko w porządku?
familiar

are you doing anything tomorrow phraseologicalUnit
co pan robi jutro? co pani robi jutro?
polite
co robisz jutro?
familiar

are you feeling better phraseologicalUnit
czujesz się już lepiej
familiar
pan czuje się już lepiej pani czuje się już lepiej
polite

are you married phraseologicalUnit
czy jest pan żonaty? czy jest pani zamężna?
polite
czy jesteś zamężna? czy jesteś żonaty?
familiar

are you religious phraseologicalUnit
jest pan religijny? jest pan wierzący? jest pani religijna? jest pani wierząca?
polite
jesteś religijna? jesteś religijny? jesteś wierząca? jesteś wierzący?
familiar

are you taking any medications phraseologicalUnit
czy bierze pan jakieś leki? czy bierze pani jakieś leki?
polite
czy bierzesz jakieś leki?
familiar

area /ˈɛɚ.i.ə/ /ˈɛːɹɪə/ n
areał rola
open space, below ground level, between the front of a house and the pavement
dziedzina
figuratively, any extent, scope or range
obszar
any particular extent
obszar rejon
particular geographic region
powierzchnia
maths: measure of extent of a surface

areca n
areka
plant in the genus Areca

areligious adj
areligijny niereligijny

areligiously adv
areligijnie niereligijnie

arena /əˈɹiːnə/ n
arena
an enclosed area, often outdoor
the sand-covered centre of an amphitheatre
a realm in which important events unfold
the building housing such an area

areng n
arenga
Arenga pinnata, a palm tree which yields sago, wine and fibres

arenite n
arenit
sedimentary rock

arenitic adj
arenitowy
of or related to arenite

areo- prefix
areo-

areocentric adj
areocentryczny
having the planet Mars at the center

areographic adj
areograficzny
of or pertaining to areography

areography n
areografia
study of Mars' geographical features

areoid n
marsoid

areola /əˈɹi.ə.lə/ /ˌæ.ɹiˈoʊ.lə/ /ˌæ.ɹiˈəʊ.lə/ /ˌɛ.ɹiˈoʊ.lə/ n
otoczka
circle around the nipple

areometer n
areometr
device used to measure specific gravity

areometric adj
areometrowy areometryczny
relating to, or measured by, an areometer

aretalogy n
aretalogia
biography in which a deity's attributes are listed in the first person

argali n
argali
Ovis ammon

argent /ˈɑɹd͡ʒənt/ /ˈɑːdʒənt/ adj
srebrny
of white or silver tincture on a coat of arms

argent /ˈɑɹd͡ʒənt/ /ˈɑːdʒənt/ n
srebro
silver or metal tincture

argentite n
argentyt
silver sulfide

argillaceous /ɑːd͡ʒɪlˈeɪʃəs/ adj
gliniasty
pertaining to clay

argillic adj
dotyczący gliny
pertaining to or composed of clay or clay minerals

arginine /ˈɑɹɡɪniːn/ n
arginina
an amino acid

argon /ˈɑːɹɡɒn/ n
argon
a chemical element

argonaut n
argonauta
an adventurer on a dangerous but rewarding quest
argonauta żeglarek
a pelagic octopus of the genus Argonauta

argot /ˈɑɹɡoʊ/ /ˈɑɹɡət/ /ˈɑːɡəʊ/ n
argot
secret language of thieves, tramps and vagabonds
specialized vocabulary and terminology of a field

arguably /ˈɑː(ɹ)ɡjuːəbli/ /ˈɑː(ɹ)ɡjəbli/ adv
zapewne
as can be supported or proven by sound logical deduction, evidence, and precedent, but without absolute certainty

argue /ˈɑɹ.ɡju/ /ˈɑː.ɡjuː/ v
argumentować
to present a viewpoint
posprzeczać się sprzeczać się
to have an argument, a quarrel

argument /-ɡju-/ /-ɡjə-/ /ˈɑɹɡjʊmənt/ /ˈɑːɡjʊmənt/ n
argument
variable that is being passed to a function
independent variable
argument racja dowód powód uzasadnienie
fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
argumentacja
process of reasoning
kłótnia sprzeczka batalia
verbal dispute; a quarrel

argumentation n
argumentacja
reasoning

argumentative /ˌɑɹɡjəˈmɛn(t)ətɪv/ /ˌɑːɡjʊmɛnˈteɪtɪv/ /ˌɑːɡjʊˈmɛntətɪv/ [-ɾɪv] adj
kłótliwy sporny swarliwy
prone to argue or dispute

argumentativeness n
kłótliwość
the state of being argumentative

argumentless adj
bezargumentowy

argus n
argus
alert, observant person

arhat /ˈɑːhæt/ n
arhant arhat
a Buddhist saint

aria /ˈɑː.ɹɪə/ n
aria
type of musical piece

arietta n
arieta arietta
a short aria

arigato /-rɪ-/ /-ɡæ-/ /æ-/ /əˈriː.ɡə.toʊ/ /ˌɑː.riˈɡɑː.toʊ/ interjection
arigato
“thank you”, used in the context of, or to evoke, Japanese culture

aril n
osnówka
meat surrounding seed

aristocide n
rozwalenie arystokracji
the destruction of the upper class

aristocracy /ˌæ.ɹɪˈstɒk.ɹə.si/ /ˌɛɹ.ɪˈstɑk.ɹə.si/ n
arystokracja
class of people considered superior to others
government by such a class
the nobility or the hereditary ruling class

aristocrat /əˈɹɪstəkɹæt/ /ˈæɹɪstəˌkɹæt/ n
arystokrata arystokratka szlachcianka szlachcic
one of the aristocracy

aristocratic /ˌæɹɪstəˈkɹætɪk/ adj
arystokratyczny
of or pertaining to an aristocracy
partaking of aristocracy; befitting aristocracy

aristocratically adv
arystokratycznie
in an aristocratic manner

aristocraticness n
arystokratyczność

aristocratism n
arystokratyzm
the principles of aristocrats

arithmetic /æɹɪθˈmɛtɪk/ adj
arytmetyczny
arithmetical

arithmetic /əˈɹɪθmətɪk/ n
arytmetyka
mathematics of numbers, etc.

arithmetic logic unit n
jednostka arytmetyczno-logiczna
part of a CPU that does calculations and logical operations

arithmetic mean n
średnia arytmetyczna
measure of central tendency

arithmetic progression n
ciąg arytmetyczny postęp arytmetyczny
sequence

arithmetical hierarchy n
hierarchia arytmetyczna

arithmetically adv
arytmetycznie
In an arithmetic / arithmetical manner

arithmetician /əˌɹɪθməˈtɪʃ(ə)n/ n
arytmetyk
one with expertise in arithmetic

arithmetization n
arytmetyzacja

arithmo- prefix
arytmo-

arithmology n
arytmologia

arithmomania n
arytmomania
disorder

arithmometer n
arytmograf arytmometr
a calculating machine

arity /ˈeəɹɪti/ /ˈæɹɪti/ n
argumentowość
number of arguments

ark /ɑɹk/ /ɑːk/ n
arka
Noah's ship
consecrated container

arkose n
arkoza
a sedimentary rock consisting of small fragments of feldspar and quartz

arkosic adj
arkozowy
of or pertaining to arkose

arm /ɐːm/ /ɑɹm/ /ɑːm/ n
ramię
part of object
ramię ręka
upper appendage from shoulder to wrist
part of a chromosome
broń uzbrojenie
weapon

arm /ɐːm/ /ɑɹm/ /ɑːm/ v
uzbrajać uzbroić zbroić
to supply with armour or weapons
uzbroić zbroić uzbrajać
to take up weapons; to arm oneself

arm to the teeth v
uzbroić po zęby
to equip with weapons

arm wrestling /ˈɑɹm ˌɹɛs.lɪŋ/ /ˈɑːm ˌɹɛs.lɪŋ/ n
siłowanie na rękę siłowanie się siłowanie się na rękę
a sport

arm-wrestle v
siłować na rękę siłować się siłować się na rękę
to compete in an arm-wrestle

armadillo /ɑɹməˈdɪloʊ/ /ɑːməˈdɪləʊ/ n
pancernik
burrowing mammal covered with bony, jointed, protective plates

armament /ˈɑː(ɹ)məmənt/ n
broń uzbrojenie
any equipment for resistance
uzbrojenie
the process of building up military capacity

armature /ˈɑɹ.mə.tjʊɚ/ /ˈɑɹ.mə.t͡ʃɚ/ /ˈɑɹ.mə.t͡ʃʊɚ/ /ˈɑː.mə.tjə/ /ˈɑː.mə.tjʊə/ n
armatura
sculpting

armband n
opaska
band worn around the arm
rękawek
inflatable band worn round the arms

armchair /ˈɑɹmt͡ʃɛɚ/ /ˈɑː(ɹ)mtʃɛə(ɹ)/ n
fotel
a chair with supports for the arms or elbows

armed /ɑɹmd/ /ɑːmd/ /ˈɑːɹmɪd/ adj
uzbrojony zbrojny
equipped, especially with a weapon

armed forces n
siły zbrojne wojsko armia
the military forces of a nation

armed robbery n
napad z bronią w ręku
instance of robbery where the participants are armed

armful /ˈɑɹmˌfʊl/ /ˈɑːmfʊl/ n
naręcze
amount an arm or arms can hold

armistice /-məstəs/ /ˈɑɹmɪstɪs/ /ˈɑːmɪstɪs/ n
rozejm zawieszenie broni
formal agreement to end combat

armless adj
bezręki
without arms

armlet /ˈɑɹmlət/ /ˈɑːmlət/ n
bransoleta
A band worn on the arm for ornamental or identification purposes

armor /ˈɑː.mə/ /ˈɑːɹ.mɚ/ n
pancerz
natural form of this kind of protection on an animal's body
pojazd opancerzony
other heavy mobile assault vehicle
wojska pancerne
military formation consisting primarily of tanks
zbroja pancerz
protective layer over a body, vehicle, or other object intended to deflect or diffuse damaging forces

armored adj
opancerzony
clad or equipped with arms or armor

armored personnel carrier n
transporter opancerzony
armored vehicle for carrying infantry soldiers in combat

armorless adj
bezzbrojny

armoured car n
samochód opancerzony
automobile equipped with armour

armoured fighting vehicle n
opancerzony pojazd bojowy
type of military vehicle

armoured train n
pociąg pancerny
railway train protected with armour

armoured truck n
bankowóz
truck used to transfer valuables

armoury n
zbrojownia arsenał cekhauz
place where arms are kept, an arsenal

armpit /ˈɑɹmˌpɪt/ n
pacha
cavity beneath the junction of the arm and shoulder

armrest n
podłokietnik
part of a seat

arms dealer n
handlarz bronią

arms race n
wyścig zbrojeń
a competition for military supremacy

army /ˈɐː.mi(ː)/ /ˈɑɹ.mi/ /ˈɑː.miː/ n
armia wojsko
military force concerned mainly with ground operations
government agency in charge of a state's army
large group of people working towards the same purpose
any multitude
large group of social animals working towards the same purpose

armyless adj
bez wojska

arni n
arni
the wild water buffalo, Bubalis arnee

arnica n
arnika kupalnik
plant of genus Arnica

aroma /əˈɹoʊmə/ /əˈɹəʊmə/ n
aromat
a pleasant smell

aromaless adj
bezwonny bezzapachowy

aromatherapeutic adj
aromaterapeutyczny
of or pertaining to aromatherapy

aromatherapist n
aromaterapeuta aromaterapeutka
practitioner of aromatherapy

aromatherapy n
aromaterapia
type of therapy

aromatic /ˌæɹ.əˈmæt.ɪk/ /ˌɛɹ.əˈmæt.ɪk/ [ˌæɹ.əˈmæɾ.ɪk] [ˌɛɹ.əˈmæɾ.ɪk] adj
aromatyczny
in organic chemistry
aromatyczny o intensywnym zapachu
fragrant or spicy

aromatically adv
aromatycznie
in an aromatic manner

aromatization n
aromatyzacja
the conversion into aromatic compounds

aromatize v
aromatyzować zaromatyzować
to make aromatic

aromatizer n
aromatyzer
one who, or that which, renders aromatic

around /əˈɹaʊnd/ adj
dookoła wokół

around /əˈɹaʊnd/ preposition
około
forming a circle or closed curve containing

around the clock
na okrągło non stop przez całą dobę
all the time

around the corner adj
za pasem zaraz
imminent; very soon

arousal /əˈɹaʊzəl/ n
pobudzenie podniecenie
sexual arousal
przebudzenie
arousal from sleep or hibernation

arouse /əˈɹaʊz/ v
budzić obudzić
to awaken
pobudzać pobudzić podniecać podniecić
to sexually stimulate
wzbudzać wzbudzić
to stimulate feelings

arpeggiate v
grać arpeggio
to play (a chord) as an arpeggio

arpeggio /ɑɹˈpɛ.d͡ʒi.oʊ/ n
arpeggio
notes of a chord played individually

arquebusier n
arkebuzer
soldier armed with an arquebus

arrange /əˈɹeɪnd͡ʒ/ v
aranżować zaaranżować
music: to adapt an existing composition for presentation
urządzać aranżować urządzić załatwić ustawić ułożyć
to set up, organise

arranged marriage n
małżeństwo aranżowane
marriage planned by someone else

arrangement /əˈɹeɪnd͡ʒmənt/ n
aranż aranżacja
act of arranging
music: adaptation of a piece of music
układ
collection of things that have been arranged
manner of being arranged
the manner in which items have been organised or positioned
układ umowa
agreement

arranger n
aranżer aranżerka
one who arranges

arras /ˈæɹəs/ n
arras gobelin tapiseria
tapestry or wall hanging

array /əˈɹeɪ/ /əˈɹæɪ/ n
obleczenie odzienie strój ubiór
clothing/ornamentation
tablica
any of various data structures

array /əˈɹeɪ/ /əˈɹæɪ/ v
oblec oblekać odziać odziewać
to clothe, ornament

arrest /əˈɹɛst/ n
areszt
confinement, as after an arrest
act or instance of arresting something
areszt aresztowanie
legal: process of arresting a criminal, suspect etc
zatrzymanie
condition of being stopped

arrest /əˈɹɛst/ v
aresztować
to take into legal custody
powstrzymać
to stop or slow a process etc.
przykuć
to catch the attention of

arrest warrant n
list gończy nakaz aresztowania
document authorizing an arrest

arrestee n
aresztant aresztantka aresztowana aresztowany
a person who is under arrest

arrhizotonic adj
mający akcent na przyrostku
suffix-stressed

arrhythmia /eɪˈɹɪðmɪə/ /əˈɹɪðmi.ə/ n
arytmia

arrhythmic adj
arytmiczny nierytmiczny
suffering from cardiac arrhythmia
without rhythm

arrhythmically adv
arytmicznie nierytmicznie
in an arrhythmic manner

arrhythmicity n
arytmia arytmiczność

arrhythmogenic adj
arytmogenny

arrival /əˈɹaɪ.vəl/ n
przyjazd przybycie przyjście przylot
act of arriving

arrive /əˈɹaɪv/ v
dochodzić dojechać dojeżdżać dojść dolatywać dolecieć
to reach
dojść
to obtain a level of success or fame
przybywać przybyć przyjechać przyjść przychodzić przyjeżdżać
to get to a certain place

arrière-garde n
ariergarda
group of people who favour older, traditional approaches
rearguard

arrogance /ˈæɹ.oʊ.ɡəns/ /ˈæɹ.ə.ɡəns/ n
arogancja
act or habit of arrogating, or making undue claims in an overbearing manner

arrogant /ˈæɹəɡənt/ adj
arogancki
having excessive pride

arrogantly adv
arogancko
in an arrogant manner

arrow /ˈæɹ.oʊ/ /ˈæɹ.ə/ /ˈæɹ.əʊ/ /ˈɛ(ə)ɹ.oʊ/ n
strzała szyp strzałka
projectile
strzałka strzała
symbol

arrow of time n
strzałka czasu
direction of time in 4D

arrowhead n
grot
the pointed part of an arrow

arrowless adj
bez strzały

arrowroot /ˈæɹoʊˌɹut/ /ˈæɹə(ʊ)ɹuːt/ /ˈɛɹoʊˌɹut/ n
maranta trzcinowa
Maranta arundinacea
mąka ararutowa
starchy substance

arrowword n
krzyżówka z strzałkami
crossword puzzle with the clues written in the grid, accompanied by arrows

arsehole /ˈɑː(ɹ)s.hoʊl/ n
dupek
inconsiderate or mean-spirited person

arsenal /ˈɑː(ɹ)snəl/ /ˈɑː(ɹ)sənəl/ n
arsenał
stock of weapons
store or supply of anything
arsenał cekhauz zbrojownia
military establishment

arsenate /ˈɑː(ɹ)səneɪt/ n
arsenian
salt or ester of arsenic acid

arsenic /ɑɹˈsɛnɪk/ /ɑː(ɹ)ˈsɛnɪk/ /ˈɑɹsənɪk/ /ˈɑː(ɹ).sə.nɪk/ adj
arsenowy
of, or containing arsenic with a valence of 5

arsenic /ɑɹˈsɛnɪk/ /ɑː(ɹ)ˈsɛnɪk/ /ˈɑɹsənɪk/ /ˈɑː(ɹ).sə.nɪk/ n
arsen
chemical element
arszenik trójtlenek arsenu
arsenic trioxide

arsenic acid n
kwas arsenowy
H₃AsO₄

arsenic trioxide n
arszenik
an oxide of arsenic

arsenide /ˈaɹsəˌnaɪd/ n
arsenek
compound with arsenic in oxidation state -3

arsenite n
arsenin
oxyanion of trivalent arsenic

arsenopyrite n
arsenopiryt
a silvery-grey ore of arsenic

arsenous adj
arsenawy

arshin n
arszyn
a Russian unit of length

arsine /ˈɑː(ɹ)saɪn/ /ˈɑː(ɹ)siːn/ n
arseniak arsenowodór
AsH₃

arson /ˈɑɹsən/ /ˈɑːsən/ n
podpalenie
crime of setting a fire

arsonist /ˈɑɹsənəst/ /ˈɑːsənɪst/ n
podpalacz
one who has committed the act of arson

art /ɐːt/ /ɑɹt/ /ɑːt/ [-tsʰ] [-t̚] [-ɻ-] [aːt] [äːt] [äˑɹt] [ɐɹt] [ɑɹt] [ɑːt] [ɑːtʰ] [ɑːʔ] [ɑˑɻt] [ɑ̈ɹt] [ɒət] [ɒɹt] [ɒːt] n
dzieło sztuki
artwork
sztuka umiejętność
conscious production or arrangement
human effort
skillful creative activity

art dealer n
marszand
someone who buys and sells works of art

art for art's sake n
sztuka dla sztuki
art, slogan

art historian n
historyczka stuki historyk sztuki
an expert in art history

art history n
historia sztuki
study of the history of the visual arts

art of war n
sztuka wojenna
strategies and tactics

artel /ɑː(ɹ)ˈtɛl/ /ɑːɹˈtɛl/ n
artel
Russian or Soviet craftsmen's collective

artemisia /ɑːtɪˈmɪzɪə/ n
bylica
plant of the genus Artemisia

arterial adj
tętniczy arterialny arteryjny
relating to an artery

arteriographic adj
arteriograficzny
relating to arteriography

arteriole n
arteriola tętniczka
arteriole

arteriosclerosis /ɑɹˌtiɹioʊsklɚˈoʊsəs/ n
arterioskleroza miażdżyca
hardening, narrowing or loss of elasticity in arteries or blood vessel

arteriosclerotic adj
arteriosklerotyczny miażdżycowy
pertaining to arteriosclerosis

artery /ˈɑɹ.təɹ.i/ /ˈɑː.tə.ɹi/ n
arteria
major transit corridor
tętnica arteria
blood vessel from the heart

artesian /ɑɹˈtiʒən/ /ɑːˈtiːʒən/ adj
artezyjski
rising to the surface

artesian aquifer n
wody artezyjskie

artesian bore n
studnia artezyjska
bore-hole drilled in an artesian basin

artesian water n
wody artezyjskie

artesian well n
studnia artezyjska
borehole
źródło artezyjskie
aquifer

arthritic /ɑː(ɹ)θˈɹɪtɪk/ adj
artretyczny
affected by arthritis

arthritic /ɑː(ɹ)θˈɹɪtɪk/ n
artretyczka artretyk

arthritically adv
artretycznie

arthritis /ɑː(ɹ)θˈɹ(a)ɪtɪs/ n
zapalenie stawów artretyzm
inflammation of a joint

arthro- prefix
artro-
biology: referring to a joint or meaning articulation

arthrogryposis n
artrogrypoza
the permanent fixation of a joint in a contracted position

arthrological adj
artrologiczny

arthrology n
artrologia
branch of anatomy dealing with the joints

arthropathy n
artropatia
medicine: any of several diseases of a joint

arthropod /ˈɑːθrəpɒd/ n
stawonóg
animal of Arthropoda

arthroscope n
artroskop
a form of endoscope used in arthroscopy

arthroscopy n
artroskopia
the examination of the interior of a joint (such as the knee) using an arthroscope

arthrosis n
artroza
any degenerative disease of a joint between bones

artichoke /ˈɑɹ.tɪˌtʃoʊk/ /ˈɑː.tɪˌtʃəʊk/ n
karczoch
vegetable

artichoke heart n
karczoch
edible base of an artichoke

article /ˈɑɹtəkl̩/ /ˈɑɹtɪkəl/ /ˈɑːtɪkəl/ [ˈɑ(ː)ɹɾɨkɫ̩] [ˈɑːtʰɪkʰəɫ] n
artykuł paragraf rodzajnik
section of a legal document
artykuł rodzajnik
story, report, or opinion piece
member of a group or class
rodzajnik przedimek artykuł
part of speech that specifies a noun

article of faith n
artykuł wiary
thing that is believed as a matter of faith

articled clerk n
aplikant aplikantka
an apprentice in law

articleless adj
bezrodzajnikowy

articlelessness n
cecha tego, co jest bezrodzajnikowe

articles /ˈɑɹtɪkəlz/ /ˈɑːtɪkəlz/ v
aplikacja aplikantura
law

articulate /ɑː(ɹ)ˈtɪk.jʊ.leɪt/ /ɑːɹˈtɪk.jə.leɪt/ v
artykułować wyartykułować
to speak clearly
music: to attack a note

articulated bus n
autobus przegubowy przegubowiec
articulated bus

articulation /ɑɹˌtɪk.jəˈleɪ.ʃən/ /ɑːˌtɪk.jəˈleɪ.ʃən/ n
artykulacja
clarity of speech
joint or collection of joints
linguistics: means of uttering a phoneme
music: manner of articulation

articulational adj
artykulacyjny

artifact /ˈɑɹtɪfækt/ /ˈɑːtɪfækt/ [-ɾə-] [-ɾɪ-] n
artefakt
archaeological object
artificial feature
biology
computing
artefakt wytwór
object made or shaped by human hand

artificial /ˌɑː(ɹ).təˈfɪʃ.əl/ adj
sztuczny artyficjalny
man-made

artificial insemination n
sztuczna inseminacja
introduction of semen

artificial intelligence n
sztuczna inteligencja
branch of computer science
intelligence exhibited by an artificial entity
quality of a machine

artificial selection n
dobór sztuczny
intervention by humans in the breeding of plants or animals

artificial turf n
sztuczna trawa
artificial grass surface

artificiality /ˌɑː(ɹ).tɪˌfɪʃ.iˈæl.ɪ.ti/ n
sztuczność
The quality of being artificial

artificially adv
afektowanie
in an artificial manner

artillery /ɑɹˈtɪləɹi/ /ɑːˈtɪləɹi/ n
artyleria
weapon
army unit

artilleryman n
artylerzysta
soldier enlisted in an artillery unit

artillerywoman n
artylerzystka

artiodactyl /ˌɑːtɪəʊˈdaktɪl/ n
parzystokopytne
any ungulate mammal with an even number of toes

artisan /ˈɑɹtɪsən/ /ˈɑɹtɪzən/ /ˈɑː(ɹ)tɪzæn/ /ˈɑː(ɹ)tɪzən/ n
rzemieślnik rzemieślniczka
skilled manual worker

artist /ˈɑɹ.tɪst/ /ˈɑːtɪst/ n
artysta artystka
person who creates art as an occupation
artysta artystka fachura
skilled person
artysta artystka malarz malarka twórca twórczyni
person who creates art

artist's impression n
wizja artystyczna

artistic /ɑɹˈtɪstɪk/ /ɑːˈtɪstɪk/ adj
artystyczny
relating to art or artists
having creative skill
kunsztowny artystyczny
aesthetically pleasing

artistically /ɑː(ɹ)ˈtɪstɪkli/ /ɑː(ɹ)ˈtɪstɪkəli/ adv
artystycznie
In an artistic manner

artisticness n
artystyczność
the quality of being artistic

artistry /ˈɑː(ɹ)tɪstɹi/ n
artyzm kunszt
significant artistic skill

arts and crafts n
rękodzieło
handicrafts

artwork /ˈɑɹtˌwɝk/ /ˈɑːtˌwɜːk/ n
dzieło sztuki
painting, drawing, sculpture or other piece of creative, visual art

arugula /əˈɹuɡələ/ /əˈɹʊɡələ/ n
rukola
herb

arum /ˈɛ(ə)ɹəm/ n
obrazki aron
flower or plant in the genus Arum

aryballos n
aryballos
small flask used, in Ancient Greece, to contain perfume or oil

aryl n
aryl
univalent organic radical derived from an aromatic hydrocarbon

arylate v
arylować

arylation n
arylowanie
any reaction that involves the addition of one or more aryl groups

arête /əˈɹeɪt/ /əˈɹɛt/ n
grań
a thin ridge of rock

as /æz/ /əz/ adv
bo ponieważ
considering that, because
jak
in the same way that
Introducing a basis of comparison
jak gdy kiedy
at the same instant that
jako
In the role of
podczas
at the same time that
tak jak
to such an extent or degree

as I live and breathe /æz aɪ lɪv ænd bɹið/ /æz aɪ lɪv ænd bɹiːð/ phraseologicalUnit
jak babcię kocham
used to declare the truth of a statement with emphasis
jak babcię kocham niech mnie niech skonam
used to express surprise at an experience one is witnessing

as I was saying phraseologicalUnit
jak mówiłam jak mówiłem
Used to refer back to one's own previous statement

as a matter of fact
właściwie w rzeczywistości
actually

as a result
w rezultacie
consequently

as a rule adv
z reguły z zasady
in general; most often

as a whole
w ogólnym rozrachunku
considered all together

as above, so below phraseologicalUnit
co jest wyżej, jest jak to, co jest niżej
what happens on a higher level of reality also happens on lower levels

as best one can adv
najlepiej, jak potrafić
in the best possible way, given the circumstances

as far as preposition
jeśli chodzi o
in the scope of

as far as one knows adv
o ile mi wiadomo z tego co wiem
to the best of my knowledge

as far as the eye can see
wzdłuż i wszerz

as fast as one's legs could carry one adv
ile sił w nogach

as follows adv
następująco następujący
in the manner described hereafter

as for preposition
co do jeśli chodzi o
regarding; about

as fuck adv
w chuj
to a great extent

as good as adv
niemal prawie równie dobrze
almost completely

as good as it gets phraseologicalUnit
lepiej być nie może
the best available under the circumstances

as hell adv
cholernie jak cholera jak diabli jak jasna cholera jak jasny gwint jak nie wiem
very

as if /əz‿ˈɪf/ /ˌæz‿ˈɪf/ conjunction
jakby
as though
in mimicry of

as if nothing had happened adv
jak gdyby nigdy nic

as if there were no tomorrow adv
jakby jutra miało nie być jakby jutro miał się skończyć świat
to an excessive degree

as in adv
czyli jako w sensie
in the sense of

as is /æzˈɪz/ adj
taki jaki jest
(of an object) in its present state or condition

as it happens adv
tak się składa
by coincidence

as it is adv
i tak
already

as it stands
w obecnej formie
in the current state or circumstances

as it were adv
niejako
to indicate a word or statement is not exact

as long as conjunction
dopóki skoro
while
o ile
if, assuming

as much as possible adv
jak
as much as is possible

as of preposition
od począwszy od
from a specified time

as of right
prawnie
by virtue of an entitlement or authority which arises from certain legal conditions or circumstances

as one man adv
jak jeden mąż

as opposed to preposition
w przeciwieństwie do
in contrast to

as per /ˌæz ˈpɜː/ /ˌæz ˈpɝ/ preposition
zgodnie z

as quickly as possible
jak najszybciej

as soon as conjunction
jak tylko gdy tylko kiedy tylko
immediately after

as soon as possible adv
[[tak szybko, jak to możliwe]] możliwie jak najszybciej możliwie najszybciej
as soon as is possible

as the crow flies adv
w linii prostej
in a straight line

as the saying goes phraseologicalUnit
jak to się mówi
said as a lead to a proverb or similar

as the twig is bent, so is the tree inclined proverb
czym skorupka za młodu nasiąknie, tym na starość trąci
a person's formative experiences influence their adult character

as they say phraseologicalUnit
jak to mówią

as to preposition
co do
with reference or regard to
według
according to

as usual adv
jak zwykle
as is usually the case

as well /æzwɛl/ /æzˈwɛl/ /əzˈwɛl/ [æˑzˈwɛːɫ] adv
równie dobrze
to the same effect
też także
in addition, also

as well as /əz ˈwɛl æz/ /əz ˈwɛl əz/ /əˈzwɛlz/ conjunction
oraz
and in addition

as well as /əz ˈwɛl æz/ /əz ˈwɛl əz/ /əˈzwɛlz/ preposition
jak i jak również
in addition to

as yet adv
jak dotąd
up to the present

as you know adv
jak pan wie jak pani wie jak państwo wiedzą jak wiadomo jak wiecie jak wiesz
as you know

as you make your bed, so you must lie in it proverb
jak sobie pościelesz, tak się wyśpisz
you shall carry the burden of your poor preparation

as you sow, so shall you reap /əz‿ju ˈsoʊ soʊ‿ʃəl‿ju ˈɹip/ /əz‿ju ˈsəʊ səʊ‿ʃəl‿ju ˈɹiːp/ proverb
kto sieje wiatr, zbiera burzę
consequences of one’s actions to oneself are in proportion to one‘s good or bad intentions towards others

as you wish interjection
jak uważasz
as you wish

asafoetida /ˌæsəˈfɛtɪdə/ n
asafetyda czarcie łajno smrodzieniec
resinous gum from wild fennel

asana /ˈɑːsənə/ n
asana
a body position, typically associated with the practice of yoga

asarabacca n
kopytnik
Asarum europaeum

asbestine adj
azbestowy

asbestine n
azbestyna

asbestos /æsˈbɛs.tɒs/ /æsˈbɛs.təs/ /æzˈbɛs.təs/ n
azbest
any of several fibrous mineral forms of magnesium silicate

asbestosis /ˈæs.bɛsˌtəʊ.sɪs/ n
azbestoza
lung disease caused by exposure to asbestos

ascariasis n
askarioza askarydoza glistnica
a disease of humans caused by the parasitic roundworms Ascaris

ascendant /əˈsɛndənt/ n
ascendent
An ancestor
astrology

ascending colon n
wstępnica
part of the colon

ascensional adj
ascendentalny

ascertain /ˌæsəˈteɪn/ /ˌæsɚˈteɪn/ v
ustalać ustalić
find out; discover or establish

ascesis /æ-/ /əˈsisɪs/ /əˈsiːsɪs/ /əˈskiːsɪs/ n
asceza
(rigorous) self-discipline

ascetic /əˈsɛ.tɪk/ adj
ascetyczny
related to ascetics

ascetic /əˈsɛ.tɪk/ n
asceta ascetka
devotee to the practice of self-denial

ascetically adv
ascetycznie
in an ascetic manner

asceticism /əˈsɛt.əˌsɪz.əm/ n
asceza ascetyzm
the principles and practices of an ascetic

ascidian n
żachwa
any member of the class Ascidiacea

ascites /əˈsaɪtiːz/ n
wodobrzusze
symptom

ascogonium n
askogon
the female organ of an ascomycetous fungus

ascorbic adj
askorbinowy
of or pertaining to ascorbic acid

ascorbic acid n
kwas askorbinowy
the white crystalline organic compound, C₆H₈O₆

ascribe /əˈskɹaɪb/ v
przypisywać przypisać
to attribute a cause or characteristic to

aseismic adj
asejsmiczny
seismically inactive

aseity /əˈ siːɪti/ n
aseitas
divine attribute of self-existence

asemantic adj
asemantyczny bezznaczeniowy
not conveying or involving meaning

asemanticity n
asemantyczność
the quality of being asemantic

asepsis n
aseptyka
state of being free from sepsis
process of removing such organisms

aseptic /əˈsɛptɪk/ adj
aseptyczny
free of microbes

aseptically adv
aseptycznie
in an aseptic manner

asepticity n
aseptyczność

asexual /eɪˈsɛkʃuəl/ adj
aseksualny
having no interest in sex
bezpłciowy
having no distinct sex

asexual /eɪˈsɛkʃuəl/ n
aseksualista aseksualistka
a person who does not experience sexual attraction
something which does not have a sex

asexual reproduction n
rozmnażanie bezpłciowe
form of reproduction that involves neither meiosis nor fusion of gametes

asexuality n
aseksualizm aseksualność
state of not experiencing sexual attraction
bezpłciowość
the quality of a species or organism of reproducing asexually

asexually adv
aseksualnie bezpłciowo
in an asexual manner; without having sex

ash /æʃ/ n
popiół
solid remains of a fire
jesion
wood

ash pan n
popielnik
pan to catch ashes

ash tree n
jesion
Fraxinus tree

ashamed /əˈʃeɪmd/ adj
zawstydzony
feeling shame or guilt

ashen /ˈæʃ.ən/ adj
jesionowy
made of ash-wood
blady
ash-colored; pale
popielaty
of or resembling ashes

ashlar /ˈæʃlə/ /ˈæʃlɚ/ n
licówka kamienna nieregularna mur ciosowy
masonry making use of such blocks

ashless adj
bezpopiołowy
leaving no ash
without ash

ashtray /ˈæʃ.tɹeɪ/ n
popielniczka
receptacle for ashes

aside from preposition
oprócz poza
excluding

asigmatic adj
asygmatyczny

asinine /ˈæs.ə.naɪn/ /ˈæs.ɪ.naɪn/ adj
debilny
failing to exercise intelligence or judgment
ośli
of or relating to a donkey

ask /eəsk/ /ˈask/ /ˈæks/ /ˈæsk/ /ˈɑːks/ /ˈɑːsk/ v
prosić poprosić
make a request
pytać zapytać
request an answer

ask around v
popytać zasięgać języka zasięgnąć języka

ask for it v
o to prosić
provoke an unwanted action

ask for the moon v
chcieć gwiazdki z nieba

ask out v
umawiać się umówić się zapraszać na randkę zaprosić na randkę
invite

askari n
askarys
member of local African military or police

aslant /əˈslænt/ /əˈslɑːnt/ adv
krzywo na bakier na skos na ukos skosem ukośnie
at a slant

asleep /əˈsliːp/ adj
uśpiony śpiący
in a state of sleep

asocial /eɪˈsəʊʃ(ə)l/ adj
asocjalny aspołeczny
not sociable
not social

asociality n
aspołeczność
the character of being asocial

asocially adv
asocjalnie aspołecznie
in an asocial way

asp /æsp/ n
boleń
fish Aspius aspius
żmija żebrowana
Vipera aspis

asparaginase n
asparaginaza
an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of asparagine to aspartic acid

asparagine n
asparagina
nonessential amino acid C₄H₈N₂O₃

asparagus /əˈspæɹ.ə.ɡəs/ /əˈspɛɹ.ə.ɡəs/ n
szparag asparagus
asparagus plant, Asparagus officinalis
asparagus shoots (food)

aspartame /əˈspɑːteɪm/ /ˈæspɚteɪm/ n
aspartam
the artificial sweetener

aspartic acid n
kwas asparaginowy
a nonessential amino acid

aspect /ˈæspɛkt/ n
aspekt
quality of a verb
the way something appears
any specific feature, part, or element of something
widok
position in respect to points of a compass, the sun, etc.

aspect /ˈæspɛkt/ v
aspektować
to look at

aspective n
aspektywa

aspectless adj
bezaspektowy

aspectual /ˌæˈspɛktjʊəl/ adj
aspektowy
of or pertaining to grammatical aspect

aspectual pair n
para aspektowa

aspen /ˈæspən/ n
osika
tree of genus Populus sect. Populus

asperges n
aspersja
Christian rite
kropidło
instrument

aspergillum /ˌæspəɹˈd͡ʒɪləm/ n
kropidło
holy water sprinkler

aspermia n
aspermia
a form of infertility

aspersion n
aspersja
a sprinkling of holy water

asphalt /ˈæsfælt/ /ˈæsfɑlt/ /ˈæsfɔlt/ /ˈæsfɔːlt/ /ˈæsfəlt/ /ˈæʃfælt/ /ˈæʃfɑlt/ /ˈæʃfɔlt/ /ˈæʃfɔːlt/ /ˈæʃfəlt/ /ˈæʃfɛlt/ n
asfalt
asphalt concrete
sticky, black and highly viscous liquid

asphalt /ˈæsfælt/ /ˈæsfɑlt/ /ˈæsfɔlt/ /ˈæsfɔːlt/ /ˈæsfəlt/ /ˈæʃfælt/ /ˈæʃfɑlt/ /ˈæʃfɔlt/ /ˈæʃfɔːlt/ /ˈæʃfəlt/ /ˈæʃfɛlt/ v
asfaltować wyasfaltować zaasfaltować
to pave with asphalt

asphalt concrete n
asfaltobeton

asphalt jungle n
asfaltowa dżungla
type of urban area

asphaltene n
asfalten
dark organic constituents of crude oils

asphalter n
asfalciarz

asphaltic adj
asfaltowy
containing asphalt

asphaltite n
asfaltyt

asphodel /ˈæsfədɛl/ n
złotogłów asfodel chryzantema złocień
plant of the genus Asphodelus

asphyxia n
asfiksja zamartwica
condition with extreme decrease of oxygen and increase of carbon dioxide

aspic /ˈæspɪk/ n
galareta auszpik
dish

aspidistra n
aspidistra
plant of Aspidistra

aspirant /æsˈpaɪɹənt/ /ˈæspəɹənt/ n
aspirant aspirantka
someone who aspires to high office, etc.

aspirate /ˈæs.pə.ɹeɪt/ /ˈæs.pə.ɹɪt/ /ˈæs.pəɹ.eɪt/ /ˈæs.pəɹ.ət/ /ˈæs.pɪ.ɹeɪt/ /ˈæs.pɪ.ɹət/ n
aspiracja
linguistics: puff of air
aspirata
linguistics: sound produced

aspirate /ˈæs.pə.ɹeɪt/ /ˈæs.pə.ɹɪt/ /ˈæs.pəɹ.eɪt/ /ˈæs.pəɹ.ət/ /ˈæs.pɪ.ɹeɪt/ /ˈæs.pɪ.ɹət/ v
aspirować
linguistics: to produce an audible puff of breath
to draw into one's lungs

aspiration /ˌæspəˈɹeɪʃən/ n
ambicja aspiracja
hope or ambition
aspiracja przydech
burst of air that follows the release of some consonants

aspirational /ˌæspəˈɹeɪʃənəl/ adj
ambitny
being ambitious
desiring success

aspirator n
aspirator
pump for removing gases or liquids

aspire /əˈspaɪə(ɹ)/ /əˈspaɪɚ/ v
aspirować pretendować
to hope or dream

aspirin /ˈæsp(ɪ)ɹɪn/ n
aspiryna
analgesic drug
tablet containing acetylsalicylic acid

asplenia n
asplenia
absence of normal spleen function

asport n
asport

ass /æs/ n
osioł
animal
osioł idiota tuman
stupid person
dupa dupczenie jebanie pierdolenie
vulgar slang:sex
dupa tyłek cztery litery dupsko kuper zad
buttocks

ass-backwards adv
od dupy strony
in a hopelessly misguided manner
moving backwards, that is, rear end first

assailant /əˈseɪlənt/ n
agresor atakujący napadający napastnik
an attacker; someone who attacks another violently, or criminally

assassin /əˈsæsɪn/ n
asasyn
member of the historical Ismaili Muslim militant group
zabójca zabójczyni zbójczyni
any ruthless killer
zamachowiec skrytobójca skrytobójczyni zamachowczyni
one who, motivated by political reasons, intentionally kills a particular person

assassination /əˌsæs.ɪ.ˈneɪ.ʃən/ n
zamach morderstwo skrytobójstwo
murder for political reasons or personal gain

assault /əˈsɑlt/ /əˈsɔlt/ /əˈsɔːlt/ /əˈsʌlt/ n
szturm napaść
violent onset or attack with physical means

assault rifle n
karabin automatyczny
a rifle

asscheek /ˈæst͡ʃik/ n
policzek półdupek
slang for a buttock

assemblage /əˈsɛmblɪd͡ʒ/ n
asamblaż assemblage
art form
montaż
process of assembling
zbiorowisko
collection of things

assemble /əˈsɛmbl̩/ v
gromadzić się zbierać się
to gather as a group
montować
to put together

assembler /əˈsɛmb(ə)lɚ/ n
asembler assembler
program that converts assembly language to machine code

assembly /əˈsɛmb.li/ /əˈsɛmb.lɪ/ n
zgromadzenie
legislative body
zgromadzenie apel narada wiec
congregation of people

assembly language n
asembler assembler
programming language

assembly line n
linia montażowa
system of workers and machinery in a series

assent /əˈsɛnt/ n
sankcja
agreement, act of agreeing

assertive /əˈsɝtɪv/ adj
asertywny pewny siebie pewny swego
boldly self-assured

assertively adv
asertywnie

assertiveness n
asertywność
the quality of being assertive

assertoric /ˌæsɚˈtɔɹɪk/ adj
asertoryczny
stating that which is actual

assess /əˈses/ /əˈsɛs/ v
ocenić oceniać
to determine the value of

assessment n
bilans
act of assessing a tax
ocena
appraisal

asset /ˈæsət/ /ˈæsɛt/ /ˈæsɪt/ n
aktywa
something or someone of any value

asset class n
klasa aktywów

asset management n
zarządzanie aktywami
process of managing, monitoring and maintaining the value of a commercial entity

asset stripping n
obdarcie z aktywów

assets /ˈæsɛts/ n
aktywa
the left side of a balance sheet

asshole /ˈæsˌhoʊl/ n
dupa
anus
dupek cham dziad dziadyga gad gadzina
mean or rude person

assibilation /əˌsɪbɪˈleɪʃən/ n
asybilacja

assiduous /əˈsɪdjuːəs/ /əˈsɪd͡ʒu.əs/ /əˈsɪd͡ʒuːəs/ adj
gorliwy sumienny wytrwały
hard-working, diligent

assign /əˈsaɪn/ v
asygnować wyasygnować
to allot or give something as a task
asygnować wyasygnować wyznaczać wyznaczyć
to designate or set apart something for some purpose
przypisać przypisywać
computing: to assign a value to a variable
przypisywać przypisać
to attribute or sort something into categories
wyznaczać wyznaczyć
to appoint or select someone for some office

assignat /asɪˈnja/ /ˈasɪɡnat/ n
asygnata

assignation /æsɪɡˈneɪʃən/ n
asygnacja
the act of assigning or allotting

assignee n
cesjonariusza nabywcy
law: one to whom rights or property is being transferred

assignment n
cesja przelew
transfer of rights or benefits
przypisanie
operation(s) that assign a value to a variable

assignor n
cedenta zbywającego
maker of an assignment

assimilate /əˈsɪm.ɪ.leɪt/ n
asymilat

assimilate /əˈsɪm.ɪ.leɪt/ v
asymilować się zasymilować się
to be incorporated or absorbed into something
asymilować przejmować przejąć zasymilować
to incorporate or absorb knowledge into the mind
asymilować przyswoić przyswajać zasymilować
to incorporate nutrients into the body after digestion
asymilować zasymilować
to absorb a group of people into a community
to bring to a likeness or to conformity; to cause a resemblance between

assimilation /əˌsɪməˈleɪʃən/ n
asymilacja
absorption of new ideas
act or state
adoption of dominant culture
metabolic conversion
upodobnienie asymilacja
phonology: sound change process

assimilational adj
asymilacyjny

assimilationist adj
asymilatorski

assimilationist n
asymilant asymilator asymilatorka
an advocate of the assimilation into a mainstream culture

assimilator n
asymilant asymilator
biology

assist /əˈsɪst/ n
asysta

assist /əˈsɪst/ v
asystować pomagać pomóc
help

assistance /əˈsɪs.təns/ n
pomoc
aid; help; the act or result of assisting

assistant /əˈsɪstənt/ adj
asystencki
having a subordinate or auxiliary position

assistant /əˈsɪstənt/ n
asystent asystentka pomocnik pomocnica
person who assists

assistant professor n
adiunkt adiunktka
teacher

assistantship n
asystentura
occupation of being an assistant
position of employment as an assistant

assload n
pierdyliard
a large amount

associate /əˈsoʊsi.ət/ /əˈsoʊsieɪt/ /əˈsoʊʃi.ət/ /əˈsoʊʃieɪt/ /əˈsəʊsi.ət/ /əˈsəʊsieɪt/ /əˈsəʊʃi.ət/ /əˈsəʊʃieɪt/ n
asesor
member of an institution or society who is granted only partial status or privileges
kolega
companion; comrade
kolega koleżanka
coworker
partner partnerka wspólniczka wspólnik współpracowniczka współpracownik
partner

associate /əˈsoʊsi.ət/ /əˈsoʊsieɪt/ /əˈsoʊʃi.ət/ /əˈsoʊʃieɪt/ /əˈsəʊsi.ət/ /əˈsəʊsieɪt/ /əˈsəʊʃi.ət/ /əˈsəʊʃieɪt/ v
asocjować kojarzyć skojarzyć
to connect in the mind or imagination

associate professor n
docent adiunkt
teacher

association /əˌsoʊsiˈeɪʃən/ /əˌsoʊʃiˈeɪʃən/ /əˌsəʊsiˈeɪʃən/ /əˌsəʊʃiˈeɪʃən/ n
asocjacja skojarzenie
state of being associated; connection to or an affiliation with something
asocjacja stowarzyszenie związek towarzystwo
group of persons associated for a common purpose
skojarzenie współpraca
act of associating

association football n
piłka nożna
soccer

associational adj
asocjacyjny
of, pertaining to or deriving from association

associationally adv
asocjacyjnie

associationism n
asocjacjonizm
theory that association is the basis of consciousness

associationist n
asocjacjonista
psychology

associationistic adj
asocjacjonistyczny
of or pertaining to associationism

associative /əˈsoʊ.si.ə.tɪv/ /əˈsoʊ.ʃi.ə.tɪv/ adj
łączny asocjatywny
algebraic property of an operator

associative array n
słownik tablica asocjacyjna
An array-like data structure

associativity n
asocjatywność łączność działania
condition of being associative

assonance /ˈæsənəns/ /ˈɛsɘnɘns/ n
asonacja asonancja asonans
repetition of similar or identical vowel sounds

assonant adj
asonansowy
characterized by assonance

assonantly adv
asonansowo

assortment /əˈsɔːtmənt/ n
asortyment
collection of varying but related items

assuage /əˈsweɪd͡ʒ/ /əˈswɑʒ/ v
złagodzić łagodzić
mitigate, relieve

assume /əˈsjuːm/ /əˈsuːm/ /əˈzuːm/ /əˈʃuːm/ v
przypuszczać dopuszczać dopuścić przypuścić
to suppose to be true

assumption /əˈsʌm(p).ʃ(ə)n/ n
Wniebowzięcie
festival in honor of the ascent of the Virgin Mary into heaven
przypuszczenie
thing supposed
wniebowzięcie
taking of a person up into heaven

assure /əˈʃɔː/ /əˈʃɝ/ /əˈʃʊə/ /əˈʃʊɹ/ v
asekurować pilnować ubezpieczać zabezpieczyć
to make sure and secure
upewniać upewnić
to reassure
zapewnić upewniać upewnić zapewniać
to give someone confidence in the trustworthiness of something

asswipe /ˈæswaɪp/ n
srajtaśma
Something used to wipe one's anus after defecation

astasia /əsˈteɪ.zi.ə/ /əsˈteɪ.ʒə/ n
astazja

astatic adj
astatyczny
not static

astatine /ˈastətiːn/ /ˈæstəˌtin/ n
astat
the chemical element

astelia n
astelia

aster /ˈæstɚ/ n
aster
plant

astereognosis n
astereognozja

asterisk /ˈæst(ə)ˌɹɪks/ /ˈæstəɹɪsk/ /ˈæstəˌɹɪsk/ /ˈæstɹɪsk/ n
asterysk gwiazdka
star-shaped symbol *; something resembling or shaped like an asterisk symbol
gwiazdka
small star; something resembling or shaped like a star

asterism /ˈæs.təˌɹɪz.əm/ n
asteryzm
a star-shaped figure exhibited by some crystals

asteroid /ˈæst(ə)ɹɔɪd/ n
planetoida asteroida
astronomy: a naturally occurring solid object, which is smaller than a planet and is not a comet, that orbits a star

asteroid belt pn
pas planetoid
region of the solar system

asteronym n
asteronim
asterism or similar symbol which replaces the name of the author in a literary work

asthenia /æsˈθi.ni.ə/ /æsˈθiː.nɪə/ n
astenia
loss of strength

asthenic adj
asteniczny

asthenic n
asteniczka astenik

astheno- prefix
asteno-

asthenopia n
astenopia

asthenosphere /asˈθɛnə(ʊ)sfɪə/ n
astenosfera
the zone of the Earth's upper mantle, below the lithosphere

asthma /ˈasmə/ /ˈasθmə/ /ˈaθsmə/ /ˈæst.mə/ /ˈæzmə/ /ˈæzðmə/ /ˈæðzmə/ n
astma dychawica zadyszka
chronic respiratory disease

asthmatic /æsˈmætɪk/ /æsˈθmætɪk/ /æzˈmætɪk/ adj
astmatyczny
having the characteristics of asthma

asthmatic /æsˈmætɪk/ /æsˈθmætɪk/ /æzˈmætɪk/ n
astmatyczka astmatyk
person who suffers from asthma

asthmatically adv
astmatycznie
in an asthmatic manner

astigmatic adj
astygmatyczny
suffering from astigmatism

astigmatic n
astygmatyczka astygmatyk
one who has astigmatism

astigmatism /əˈstɪɡmətɪzm̩/ n
astygmatyzm
disorder of the vision
defect of a lens

astika n
astika

astonish /əˈstɑnɪʃ/ /əˈstɒnɪʃ/ v
zdumiewać zdumieć
to surprise, astound, flabbergast

astonished adj
zdumiony
amazed

astonishing /əˈstɑnɪʃɪŋ/ /əˈstɒnɪʃɪŋ/ adj
zdumiewający
causing astonishment

astonishment /əˈstɑːnɪʃmənt/ /əˈstɒnɪʃmənt/ n
zdziwienie zdumienie dziw osłupienie zdziwko
amazement, great surprise

astounding adj
zdumiewający
that astounds or astound

astragal n
astragal
semicircular molding

astragalomancy n
astragalomancja
divination by dice made from huckle-bones

astrakhan /æstɹəˈkæn/ n
astrachan
cloth

astral /ˈæstɹəl/ adj
astralny
relating to a supposed supersensible substance
astralny gwiezdny
relating to or resembling the stars

astral body n
ciało astralne
ghost-like replica of one's physical body

astrally adv
astralnie

astringent /əˈstɹɪn.d͡ʒənt/ adj
surowy
sharp, caustic, severe

astro- prefix
astro-
celestial bodies

astrobiological adj
astrobiologiczny egzobiologiczny

astrobiologist n
astrobiolog egzobiolog

astrobiology n
astrobiologia egzobiologia
astrobiology

astrochemical adj
astrochemiczny kosmochemiczny

astrochemistry n
astrochemia kosmochemia
the study of the chemical composition of starts and outer space

astrocompass n
astrokompas

astrocyte n
astrocyt
neuroglial cell in the shape of a star

astrocytoma n
gwiaździak

astrodome n
astrokopuła astrowieżyczka

astrognosy n
astrognozja

astrograph n
astrograf
telescope used for astronomical photography

astrography n
astrografia
art of delineating the stars

astrolabe /ˈæs.tɹəˌleɪb/ n
astrolabium
astronomical and navigational instrument

astrolatry n
astrolatria

astrologer /əˈstrɒl.ə.d͡ʒɚ/ n
astrolog
one who studies astrology

astrological /ˌæstɹəˈlɒd͡ʒɪkəl/ adj
astrologiczny
pertaining to astrology

astrological sign n
znak znak zodiaku
sign that is used as the basis of astrology

astrologically adv
astrologicznie
with regard to astrology

astrology /əˈstɹɒlədʒi/ n
astrologia
star divination

astromancy /ˈæstɹɵmænsi/ n
astromancja
divination by the stars

astromathematics n
[[astro-]]matematyka

astrometeorology n
astrometeorologia

astrometer n
astrometr

astrometric adj
astrometryczny

astrometry /əˈstɹɒmətɹi/ n
astrometria
branch of astronomy

astronaut /ˈæstɹəˌnɑt/ /ˈæstɹəˌnɔt/ /ˈæstɹəˌnɔːt/ n
astronauta astronautka kosmonauta kosmonautka
member of the crew of a spaceship or other spacecraft, or someone trained for that purpose

astronautic adj
astronautyczny kosmonautyczny
of or pertaining to astronautics

astronautics n
astronautyka kosmonautyka
science and technology of spaceflight

astronavigation n
astroorientacja
navigation through space

astronavigational adj
astronawigacyjny

astronomer /ə.ˈstɹɑ.nə.mɚ/ /əˈstɹɒn.ə.mə/ /əˈstɹɒn.ə.mɚ/ n
astronom astronomka
one who studies astronomy

astronomical /ˌæs.tɹəˈnɑm.ɪ.kəl/ /ˌæs.tɹəˈnɒm.ɪ.kəl/ adj
astronomiczny
of or relating to astronomy
very large

astronomical unit n
jednostka astronomiczna
measure of distance

astronomically adv
astronomicznie
in the extreme
relating to astronomy

astronomy /æsˈtɹɑn.ə.mi/ /əˈstɹɑn.ə.mi/ n
astronomia
study of the physical universe beyond the Earth's atmosphere

astrophotography n
astrofotografia
photography of celestial objects

astrophotometer n
astrofotometr

astrophotometry n
astrofotometria

astrophysical adj
astrofizyczny
of or pertaining to astrophysics

astrophysicist n
astrofizyk
one who studies astrophysics

astrophysics /ˌæs.tɹoʊˈfɪz.ɪks/ /ˌæs.tɹəˈfɪz.ɪks/ n
astrofizyka
interdisciplinary branch of astronomy and physics

astute /əsˈtjuːt/ adj
chytry przebiegły
Quick at seeing how to gain advantage

asunder /əˈsʌndə/ /əˈsʌndɚ/ adv
na kawałki
into separate parts

asyllabic adj
asylabiczny niesylabiczny

asylum /əˈsaɪləm/ n
azyl przytułek
place of safety
dom obłąkanych szpital psychiatryczny
mental asylum

asylum seeker n
azylant azylantka azylowiec
person who has applied for asylum

asymmetric /ˌeɪ.səˈmɛt.rɪk/ adj
asymetryczny
not symmetric

asymmetric warfare n
konflikt asymetryczny
conflict between belligerents of different strengths

asymmetrical /ˌeɪsɪˈmɛtɹɪk(ə)l/ adj
asymetryczny niesymetryczny
not symmetrical

asymmetrically adv
asymetrycznie niesymetrycznie
in an asymmetric manner

asymmetricity n
asymetryczność niesymetryczność
the condition of being asymmetric

asymmetry /eɪˈsɪmɪtɹi/ n
asymetria
lack of symmetry or proportion

asymptomatic adj
bezobjawowy
not exhibiting any symptoms of disease

asymptomatically adv
bezobjawowo
without symptoms

asymptomaticity n
bezobjawowość
state of being asymptomatic

asymptote /ˈeɪ̯sɪmtoʊ̯t/ /ˈæsɪmptoʊ̯t/ /ˈæsɪmtoʊ̯t/ /ˈæsɪmtɒt/ n
asymptota
a straight line which a curve approaches arbitrarily closely

asymptotic /ˌæsəm(p)ˈtɑtɪk/ /ˌæsəm(p)ˈtɔtɪk/ /ˌæsɪm(p)ˈtɒtɪk/ adj
asymptotyczny
pertaining to values or properties approached at infinity

asymptotical adj
asymptotyczny
asymptotic

asymptotically adv
asymptotycznie
(analysis) in an asymptotical manner, in the way of an asymptote

asymptotics n
asymptotyczność
asymptotic behavior

asynchronicity n
asynchron asynchroniczność asynchronizm
the state of being asynchronous

asynchronous /eɪˈsɪŋkɹənəs/ adj
asynchroniczny
not synchronous

asynchronously adv
asynchronicznie
in an asynchronous manner

asynchrony n
asynchronia asynchron asynchroniczność asynchronizm
asynchrony

asyndetic adj
asyndetyczny
lacking or omitting conjunctions

asyndetically adv
asyndetycznie
without use of conjunctions

asyndeton n
asyndeton
rhetoric scheme

asynergia n
asynergia

at /æt/ /ət/ preposition
do na
in the direction of
przy u w
in or very near a particular place
w
occupied in (activity)
w o
indicating time
za
denoting a price

at a glance
na pierwszy rzut oka
on cursory examination

at a loss
w rozterce
not sure; uncertain; lacking further ideas, direction, or ability
ze stratą
below the cost or price of purchase

at a loss for words
brak komuś słów
having nothing to say

at a push
na siłę
not later than

at a run
biegiem w biegu

at a time
naraz
simultaneously

at all [ætˈɔːɫ] [æˈɾɑɫ] [æˈɾɔɫ] [əˈtʰɔːɫ] [əˈɾɑɫ] [əˈɾɔɫ] [əˈɾɔːɫ] adv
ani trochę całkiem nic a nic w ogóle wcale
to the slightest degree, in any way

at all costs
za wszelką cenę
sparing no effort

at any given moment adv
w dowolnej chwili w każdej chwili
at any point of time

at arm's length
na dystans na wyciągnięcie ręki
at a distance

at bay
trzymany na bezpieczną odległość trzymany na dystans
unable to come closer
trzymany w szachu zapędzony w kozi róg
cornered

at best
w najlepszym razie w najlepszym wypadku
in the most favorable of conditions

at cost
po kosztach
at the original price

at death's door
jedną nogą w grobie na łożu śmierci u progu śmierci
about to die

at ease
spocznij
military: in a relaxed position

at fault
winny
deserving of blame

at first
na początku z początku
initially; at the start

at first blush
na pierwszy rzut oka
upon first impression or consideration

at first glance
na pierwszy rzut oka
after only a superficial examination or review

at full tilt
co tchu ile tchu
at full speed

at gunpoint
pod lufą karabinu
under coercion by someone with a firearm

at hand
pod ręką
within easy reach; nearby

at home
jak u siebie w domu
at ease; comfortable
w domu dóma
in one's place of residence

at it /ˈat ɪt/ /ˈæt ɪt/ [ˈæɾɪt̚]
zajęty
in the middle of a given activity

at large
generalnie na ogół w ogóle
in general
na wolności
on the loose
w pełni
(obsolete in English) in full

at last
nareszcie w końcu wreszcie
after a long time; eventually

at least
przynajmniej
anyway
przynajmniej co najmniej bodaj chociaż
at a lower limit

at length
długo
for a long time

at most
co najwyżej
at the most; at a maximum or upper limit

at night adv
nocą
during the night

at odds /ət‿ˈɑdz/ /ət‿ˈɒdz/
na bakier w konflikcie w niezgodzie w sprzeczności
in disagreement

at once /ət ˈwʌns/ adv
naraz
at the same time
od razu natychmiast zaraz
immediately
razem
together

at one time
dawniej kiedyś
formerly

at one's fingertips
w małym palcu
readily available

at one's own risk /ət wʌnz ˈəʊn ɹɪsk/
na własne ryzyko na własną rękę
taking personal responsibility for any harm that arises from a dangerous activity

at peace
w spokoju
free from anxiety or stress

at present
aktualnie obecnie
currently

at sea
na morze
at the ocean or sea

at sign n
małpa
name of the symbol @

at sixes and sevens
skonfundowany
in a state of confusion
w niezgodzie
in a state of dispute or disagreement

at stake
na szali zagrożony
at issue, at risk

at that
przy tym
in addition

at that time
wówczas
back then

at the bottom of
za

at the cost of preposition
kosztem

at the drop of a hat
na zawołanie w każdej chwili w mgnieniu oka
instantly, without hesitation

at the earliest
najwcześniej
not sooner than

at the end of one's tether
u kresu wytrzymałości
at the limit of one’s patience

at the end of the day
koniec końców na koniec dnia ostatecznie w ostatecznym rozrachunku
in summary; ultimately

at the expense of
kosztem
in a way as to harm somebody or something
paid for by an individual or group

at the feet of preposition
u stóp
very near to

at the hands of preposition
z rąk
by the actions of

at the helm
na czele
in charge of a company or project
u steru
steering a vessel

at the last minute
w ostatniej chwili
very close to a deadline

at the latest
najpóźniej
not later than

at the mercy of
na łasce
defenseless against

at the moment
aktualnie w tej chwili w tym momencie
right now

at the ready
w gotowości
ready; in a state of preparation or waiting; in position or anticipation

at the same time
jednocześnie
on the other hand
jednocześnie w tym samym czasie
simultaneously

at the sight of preposition
na widok

at the time
w tamtym czasie
at the time referred to the specific time period, era, or time frame in the past

at the top of one's voice
na całe gardło na cały głos

at the very least adv
przynajmniej w najgorszym przypadku
as an absolute minimum

at this moment in time
obecnie
currently

at this rate
w tym tempie
continuing at the current pace

at times
chwilami czasami momentami niekiedy
on occasion, sometimes

at will
dowolnie według woli
at one's preference

at worst
w najgorszym przypadku
if the worst possible alternative happens

at your service
do usług
way of introduction

atacamite n
atakamit

ataman /ˈætəmən/ n
ataman atamanka
title

ataraxia n
ataraksja
absence of mental disturbance

atavism /ˈætəˌvɪzəm/ [ˈæɾəˌvɪzəm] n
atawizm
reappearance of an ancestral characteristic

atavistic /æt.əˈvɪs.tɪk/ adj
atawistyczny
biology: of the recurrence of a trait after an absence of generations
of a throwback
of the return of earlier, more primitive behavior

atavistically adv
atawistycznie

ataxia /eɪˈtæksɪə/ /əˈtæksɪə/ n
ataksja
lack of coordination

ataxic adj
ataktyczny
pertaining to ataxia

atelectasis /ætɪˈlɛktəsɪs/ n
niedodma
lung collapse caused by inner factors

atelier /-ˌljɛ/ /æ.təˈljeɪ/ /əˈtɛl.i.eɪ/ /əˈtɛl.jeɪ/ /əˈtɛlˌjeɪ/ /ˈæ.təˌljeɪ/ /ˌæ.tlˈjeɪ/ [ˌæ.ɾl-] n
atelier pracownia studio

atemoya n
atemoja
fruit

atemporal adj
aczasowy
unaffected by time

atemporality n
aczasowość

atemporally adv
aczasowo

athanasy /əˈθænəsɪ/ n
atanazja

athanor /ˈæθənɔɹ/ /ˈæθənɔː/ n
atanor
furnace or stove designed and used to maintain uniform heat, primarily used by alchemists

atheism /ˈeɪθiɪzəm/ n
ateizm bezbożność
lack of belief that any deities exist (with or without a belief that no deities exist)

atheist /ˈeɪθiɪst/ n
ateista ateistka bezbożnik ateusz ateuszka bezbożnica
a person who doubts the existence of deities
ateistka ateista ateusz ateuszka
a person who believes with certainty that no deities exist

atheist /ˈeɪθiɪst/ v
ateizować zateizować

atheistic adj
ateistyczny ateuszowski
relating to atheists

atheistically adv
ateistycznie
in an atheistic manner

atheization n
ateizacja

atheize v
ateizować się zateizować się
to become atheistic
ateizować zateizować
to render (someone) atheistic

athematic /ˌæθiːˈmætɪk/ adj
atematyczny
linguistics

athenaeum /aθɪˈniːəm/ n
ateneum
a literary or scientific periodical
a reading room or library
an association for the advancement of learning

atherosclerosis /ˌæθɚoʊskləˈɹoʊsəs/ n
arterioskleroza miażdżyca
clogging or hardening of blood vessels caused by plaques

athetosic adj
atetotyczny

athetosis n
atetoza
series of involuntary writhing movements of the limbs

athlete /ˈæθ.lit/ /ˈæθ.liːt/ /ˈæθ.ə.liːt/ n
atleta atletka lekkoatleta lekkoatletka
participant in one of several sporting activities
atleta atletka sportowiec sportsmenka
person who actively participates in physical sports
atleta atletyk
exceptionally physically fit person

athlete's foot n
grzybice skóry
fungal infection

athletic /æθˈlɛt.ɪk/ adj
atletyczny sportowy
having to do with athletes
physically active
atletyczny wysportowany
having a muscular, well developed body, being in shape

athletically adv
atletycznie
in an athletic manner

athletics /æθˈlɛtɪks/ n
atletyka
(chiefly Britain) a group of sporting activities including track and field, road running, cross country and racewalking
lekkoatletyka atletyka
(chiefly US) physical activities such as sports and games requiring stamina, fitness and skill

athrepsia n
atrepsja

athwart /əˈθwɔɹt/ /əˈθwɔːt/ adv
w poprzek
from side to side, often in an oblique manner

athymia /əˈθaɪ.mi.ə/ n
atymia
morbid impassivity

atlas /ˈætləs/ /ˈætlɪs/ n
atlant atlas telamon
(architecture) a figure of a man used as a column; telamon
atlas
bound collection of maps
atlas dźwigacz
(anatomy) The uppermost vertebra of the neck

atlatl /ˈatlat(ə)l/ n
atlatl
spear thrower

atman /ˈɑːtman/ n
atman

atmolysis n
atmoliza

atmometer n
atmometr ewaporometr

atmosphere /ˈæt.məsˌfɪə(ɹ)/ /ˈætməsˌfɪɹ/ n
atmosfera
gases surrounding the Earth
a unit of measurement for pressure
air in a particular place
atmosfera nastrój
mood or feeling

atmosphereless adj
bez atmosfery

atmospheric /ˌætməsˈfɛɹɪk/ adj
atmosferyczny atmosferowy
relating to the atmosphere
klimatyczny nastrojowy
evoking a particular emotional or aesthetic quality

atmospheric pressure n
ciśnienie atmosferyczne
pressure caused by weight of the atmosphere

atmospherically adv
atmosferycznie

atoll /əˈtɑl/ /əˈtɒl/ /ˈeɪtɑl/ /ˈeɪtɔl/ /ˈætoʊl/ /ˈætɑl/ /ˈætɒl/ /ˈætɔl/ n
atol
island

atom /ˈætəm/ n
atom
chemistry, physics: smallest possible amount of matter retaining its chemical properties
historical: theoretical particle of matter
smallest indivisible constituent

atomic /əˈtɑː.mɪk/ /əˈtɒm.ɪk/ /əˈtɔm.ɪk/ adj
atomowy
of, or relating to atoms
of, or employing nuclear energy or processes

atomic bomb n
bomba atomowa
nuclear weapon

atomic clock n
zegar atomowy
reference clock

atomic nucleus n
jądro atomu
nucleus of an atom

atomic number n
liczba atomowa
number of protons

atomic weight n
masa atomowa
term used to represent the mean atomic mass of an element in nature

atomically adv
atomowo
with regard to atoms

atomism n
atomizm atomistyka
ancient Greek theory

atomist /ˈætəmɪst/ n
atomista
an adherent of atomic theory
an adherent of atomism

atomistic adj
atomistyczny
of or pertaining to atoms or to atomism

atomistically adv
atomistycznie
in an atomistic manner
with regard to atomism

atomistics n
atomistyka

atomization n
atomizacja
(metaphorically) the act of fragmenting
the act of separating into atoms

atomize v
atomizować zatomizować
to fragment, break into small pieces or concepts
to make into a fine spray
to separate or reduce into atoms

atomizer n
atomizator atomizer opryskiwacz rozpylacz
instrument for reducing a liquid to spray

atonal /eɪˈtoʊnəl/ /eɪˈtəʊnəl/ adj
atonalny
lacking a tonal center or key (music)

atonalism n
atonalizm

atonalist n
atonalista atonalistka

atonality n
atonalność
a style of music

atonally adv
atonalnie
in an atonal manner

atone /əˈtoʊn/ /əˈtəʊn/ [əˈtʰoʊ̯n] v
odpokutować pokutować odpokutowywać zadośćuczynić
to make reparation, compensation, or amends, for an offence or a crime

atonement /əˈtoʊnmənt/ n
pokuta
amends to restore a damaged relationship

atonia n
atonia

atonic /eɪˈtɒnɪk/ adj
atoniczny
medicine
not having tone
pathology

atony /ˈæt.ə.ni/ n
atonia

atopic /eɪˈtɒpɪk/ adj
atopowy
characterised by atopy

atopy /ˈætəpi/ n
atopia
hereditary disorder
atopik
person suffering from atopic symdrome

atresia n
atrezja zarośnięcie

atrial /ˈeɪtɹi.əl/ adj
atrialny
Of, or pertaining to an atrium

atrium /ˈeɪ.tɹi.əm/ n
atrium
square hall lit from above
central room in Roman homes
body cavity
atrium przedsionek
one of two upper chambers of the heart

atrocious /əˈtɹoʊʃəs/ /əˈtɹəʊʃəs/ adj
odrażający zbrodniczy
frightful, evil, cruel, monstrous
ohydny okropny
very bad

atrocity /əˈtɹɒsɪti/ n
okrucieństwo
extremely cruel act

atrophic adj
atroficzny
pertaining to atrophy

atrophied adj
atroficzny
characterized by atrophy

atrophy /ˈæt.ɹə.fi/ n
atrofia
reduced functionality

atropine /ˈa.tɹə.piːn/ /ˈa.tɹəp.ɪn/ /ˈæ.tɹəˌpin/ n
atropina
alkaloid extracted from the plant deadly nightshade

atropinic adj
atropinowy

attaboy /ˈætəˌbɔɪ/ interjection
zuch chłopak
Used to show encouragement or approval to a boy or a man

attach /əˈtæt͡ʃ/ v
umocować przymocować przytwierdzić zamocować
to fasten, to join to

attachment /əˈtæt͡ʃmənt/ n
przywiązanie
dependence, especially a strong one
załącznik
file sent along with a message

attaché /əˈtæʃeɪ/ /ˌætæˈʃeɪ/ n
attaché
diplomatic officer

attack /əˈtæk/ n
atak
attempt to detract from the worth or credibility of, a person, position, idea, object, or thing
cricket: bowlers of a cricket side
lacrosse: the attackmen of a team
volleyball: hit other than serve or block that sends the ball over the net
atak napad
active episode of a chronic or recurrent disease
medicine: sudden onset of a disease
napad atak
attempt to cause damage, injury, or death
napad atak szturm ofensywa akcja
offense of a battle

attack /əˈtæk/ v
atakować zaatakować
soccer: to move forward in an attempt to score point
cricket: to aim balls at the batsman’s wicket
cricket: to bat aggressively
cricket: to set a field, or bowl in a manner designed to get wickets
atakować zaatakować napadać napaść
to aggressively challenge with words
to apply violent force

attack aircraft n
szturmowiec
military aircraft

attack helicopter n
helikopter szturmowy
(military) armed helicopter

attack is the best form of defence proverb
najlepszą obroną jest atak
attacking the opposition first is better than waiting

attacker /əˈtækɚ/ n
napastnik
(soccer) movement of the team in possession of the ball
napastnik atakujący napadający
someone who attacks

attacking midfielder n
ofensywny pomocnik
midfield player

attagirl /ˈætəˌɡɜː(ɹ)l/ interjection
zuch dziewczyna
Used to show encouragement or approval to a girl or a woman

attain /əˈteɪn/ v
osiągać osiągnąć
to accomplish; to achieve

attempt /əˈtɛmpt/ n
próba podejście
the action of trying at something
zamach
attack

attempt /əˈtɛmpt/ v
próbować spróbować
to try

attend /əˈtɛnd/ [əˈtʰɛnd] v
atentować brać udział uczęszczać
to be present at

attendance /əˈtɛn.dəns/ n
obecność
act of attending; state of being present
frequency of one's presence

attendee n
uczestnik
a person who is in attendance or in the audience of an event
a visitor of or participant in an event

attention /əˈtɛn.ʃən/ interjection
baczność
military command

attention /əˈtɛn.ʃən/ n
atencja względy
romantic interest
baczność
state of alertness in the standing position
uwaga
mental focus

attention deficit hyperactivity disorder n
ADHD zaburzenia hiperkinetyczne zespół nadpobudliwości psychoruchowej z brakiem koncentracji uwagi zespół nadpobudliwości psychoruchowej z deficytem uwagi
developmental disorder

attention-grabbing adj
przyciągający uwagę
attracting notice and attention

attentionless adj
nieuważny

attentive /əˈtɛntɪv/ adj
uważny baczny
paying attention

attentively adv
uważnie bacznie
in an attentive manner

attenuation n
atenuacja
biology: weakening, in the virulence
tłumienie
gradual diminishing in the strength

attest /əˈtɛst/ v
atestować
to certify in an official capacity

attestation /ˌætɛˈsteɪʃən/ n
atest certyfikat zaświadczenie świadectwo
something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates
atest zaświadczenie
such a confirmation or authentication

attested /əˈtɛstɪd/ adj
poświadczony zaświadczony
proven; shown to be true with evidence

attic /ˈætɪk/ [ˈæɾɪk] n
strych poddasze mansarda
space, often unfinished and with sloped walls, directly below the roof

attire /əˈtaɪɚ/ n
strój ubiór
one's dress or clothes

attitude /ˈætɪˌtjuːd/ /ˈætɪˌtud/ /ˈɛːtɪtˌjuːd/ [ˈæɾɪˌtud] n
nastawienie postawa
position of the body or way of carrying oneself
nastawienie stosunek
disposition or state of mind

atto- prefix
atto-
unit of measure

attorney /əˈtɜː(ɹ)ni/ n
adwokat adwokatka prawnik
lawyer

attorney general n
prokurator generalny
major government officer

attorney-in-fact n
pełnomocnik plenipotent
US legal: ad hoc agent

attorneyship n
adwokactwo adwokatura
profession

attosecond n
attosekunda
unit of time, equal to 10−18 second

attract /əˈtɹækt/ v
pociągać
cause sexual excitement

attractant /əˈtɹæktənt/ n
atraktant

attraction /əˈtɹækʃən/ [əˈtɹækʃ(ɪ̈)n] [əˈt͡ʃɹækʃ(ɪ̈)n] n
atrakcja
something which attracts
przyciąganie
tendency to attract
przywiązanie
feeling of being attracted

attractive /əˈtɹæktɪv/ adj
atrakcyjny pociągający
pleasing or appealing to the senses
having the power of charming
pociągający przyciągający
having the quality of attracting by inherent force

attractively adv
atrakcyjnie
in an attractive manner

attractiveness n
atrakcyjność
state of being attractive or engaging

attractor n
atraktor
set of points or states to which a dynamical system evolves after a long enough time

attribute /əˈtɹɪb.(j)ət/ /əˈtɹɪb.juːt/ /əˈtɹɪbˌjut/ /ˈæt.ɹɪ.bjuːt/ /ˈæt.ɹɪˌbjut/ n
atrybut
computing: the applicable option selection
grammar: word qualifying a noun
atrybut własność właściwość
characteristic or quality

attribute /əˈtɹɪb.(j)ət/ /əˈtɹɪb.juːt/ /əˈtɹɪbˌjut/ /ˈæt.ɹɪ.bjuːt/ /ˈæt.ɹɪˌbjut/ v
przypisać
to associate ownership or authorship with

attribution /ˌæ.tɹɪˈbju.ʃən/ n
atrybucja
acknowledgment of ownership or authorship
act

attributional adj
atrybucyjny

attributive /ə.ˈtɹɪ.bju.tɪv/ adj
atrybutywny określający
of, or being an attributive

attributive /ə.ˈtɹɪ.bju.tɪv/ n
przydawka
a word or phrase that modifies a noun and is part of the noun's noun phrase

attrition /əˈtɹɪʃən/ n
zmniejszenie
reduction in membership or personnel

atypical /eɪ.ˈtɪp.ɪ.kəl/ adj
nietypowy
not conforming to the norm

au contraire /oʊ ˌkoʊnˈtɹɛ(ə)ɹ/ /əʊ ˈkɒntɹɛː(ɹ)/ adv
przeciwnie
on the contrary

au pair /əʊ ˈpɛə/ n
au pair
single girl or boy staying as a guest with a host family

auberge n
oberża
auberge

aubergine /ˈoʊbɚʒin/ /ˈəʊbəʒiːn/ n
bakłażanowy ciemnofioletowy
a dark purple colour

auction /ˈoːkʃən/ /ˈɑkʃən/ /ˈɔkʃən/ /ˈɔːkʃən/ n
aukcja licytacja
public sales event

auction /ˈoːkʃən/ /ˈɑkʃən/ /ˈɔkʃən/ /ˈɔːkʃən/ v
aukcjonować
to sell at an auction

auction house n
dom aukcyjny
company

auctionary adj
aukcyjny licytacyjny

auctioneer n
aukcjoner
one who conducts an auction

auctioneer v
aukcjonować
to sell at an auction

aucuba n
aukuba

audacity /ɔˈdæsɪti/ /ɔːˈdæsɪti/ n
śmiałość
insolent boldness

audial adj
audialny audytywny słuchowy

audible /ˈɔːdɪbəl/ adj
słyszalny
able to be heard

audibly adv
słyszalnie
in context of being heard

audience /ˈɑdiəns/ /ˈɔdiəns/ /ˈɔːdiəns/ /ˈɔːdɪəns/ n
audiencja
formal meeting with a dignitary
publika widownia audytorium
group of people seeing a performance

audience hall n
aula
room in which an official holds audience

audile /ˈɔːdaɪl/ n
słuchowiec
a person whose mental imagery consists of sounds

audio /ˈɑ.di.oʊ/ /ˈɔ.di.oʊ/ /ˈɔː.di.əʊ/ adj
audio
focused on audible sound

audio description n
audiodeskrypcja

audio- prefix
audio-
related to sound

audiobook n
audiobook książka mówiona
audiobook

audiogram n
audiogram
graphical representation of hearing ability

audiograph n
audiograf

audiologic adj
audiologiczny

audiologist n
audiolog
doctor of audiology

audiology /ɔːdiˈɒləd͡ʒi/ n
audiologia
study of hearing and hearing defects

audiometer n
audiometr
instrument

audiometric adj
audiometryczny
relating to audiometry

audiometry n
audiometria
assessment of a person's hearing ability

audion n
audion

audiophile /ˌɔː.di.əʊˈfaɪl/ n
audiofil

audiophilia n
audiofilia

audiotape n
taśma magnetofonowa
magnetic tape that stores analog sound

audiovisual /-ʒʊ.əl/ /ˌɑ.di.oʊˈvɪ.ʒu.əl/ /ˌɔ.di.oʊˈvɪ.ʒu.əl/ /ˌɔː.di.əʊˈvɪ.zjʊ.əl/ adj
audiowizualny słuchowo-wzrokowy
audiovisual

audiovisuality n
audiowizualność

audiovisually adv
audiowizualnie
in an audiovisual way

audit /ˈɑ.dɪt/ /ˈɔ.dɪt/ /ˈɔː.dɪt/ n
audyt
independent review
judicial examination

audition /ɑˈdɪʃən/ /ɔˈdɪʃən/ /ɔːˈdɪʃən/ n
przesłuchanie
performance by an aspiring performer
słuch
sense of hearing

auditor /ˈɔːdɪtɚ/ n
audytor
controller
one who audits an academic course
one who audits bookkeeping accounts
audytor audytorka
one who listens

auditorium /ɔː.dɪˈtɔː.ɹi.əm/ /ˌɔ.dəˈtɔɹ.i.əm/ n
audytorium
large room for public meetings or performances
audytorium widownia
space where the audience is located

auditory /ˈɑː.dɪˌtɔɹ.i/ /ˈɔː.dɪ.tə.ɹi/ /ˈɔː.dɪ.tɹi/ /ˈɔː.dɪˌtɔɹ.i/ adj
audialny audytywny słuchowy

augend /ˈɔd͡ʒɛnd/ n
dodajna
A quantity to which another is added

auger /ˈɑ.ɡɚ/ /ˈɔ.ɡɚ/ /ˈɔː.ɡə(ɹ)/ n
świder
carpenter's tool

augite n
augit
pyroxene mineral

augitic adj
augitowy

augment /ɑɡˈmɛnt/ /ɔːɡˈmɛnt/ /ˈɑɡmənt/ /ˈɔːɡmənt/ n
augment
grammar: prefix indicating past tense of verb

augmentation n
augmentacja
music: a compositional technique
augmentacja powiększenie
the act or process of augmenting

augmentative adj
powiększający
growing, enlarging, increasing

augmentative n
augmentativum augmentatiwum zgrubienie augmentatyw
a form of word that expresses large size, intensity, or seniority

augmented fourth n
kwarta zwiększona

augmented reality n
rzeczywistość rozszerzona
merging of a view of the real-world environment upon a digital image

augur /ˈɑ.ɡɚ/ /ˈɔ.ɡɚ/ /ˈɔː.ɡə/ n
augur
Ancient Rome
augur wróżbita wróżbitka
diviner who foretells events by unusual occurrences

augur /ˈɑ.ɡɚ/ /ˈɔ.ɡɚ/ /ˈɔː.ɡə/ v
przepowiadać wróżyć zapowiadać
to foretell events; to exhibit signs of future events

auk /ɔːk/ n
alka
seabird of the family Alcidae

aul /aʊl/ n
auł
village encampment

aulacogen n
aulakogen

auld lang syne /-ˈzaɪn/ /ˌoʊl(d)-/ /ˌɑl(d)-/ /ˌɔl(d) læŋ ˈsaɪn/ /ˌɔld ˌlæŋ ˈsaɪn/ /ˌɔːld læŋ ˈsaɪn/ n
minione czasy
days gone by

aulos n
aulos

aunt /ant/ /eɪnt/ /ænt/ /ɑːnt/ /ɔnt/ /ʌnt/ [ant] [aːnt] [eənt] [änt] [äːnt] [ænt] [ɐːnt] [ɑːnt] [ɒːnt] [ɛənt] n
ciocia
ciotka ciocia stryjenka wujenka
a parent's sister or sister-in-law

auntie /ˈæn.ti/ /ˈɑːn.ti/ n
ciocia
Diminutive of aunt

auntless adj
bez cioci

aura /ˈɔɹ.ə/ /ˈɔː.ɹə/ n
aura
sensation experienced by some people with epilepsy before a seizure
aura atmosfera klimat nastrój
the distinctive atmosphere or quality associated with someone or something
aura pole biologiczne
an invisible force surrounding a living creature

aural /aʊɹəl/ /ˈɑ(ː)ɹəl/ /ˈɑɹəl/ /ˈɔɹəl/ /ˈɔːɹəl/ adj
audialny audytywny słuchowy
of or pertaining to sound
uszny
of or pertaining to the ear

auraless adj
bez aury

auramine /ˈɔːɹəmiːn/ n
auramina

aureola /ɑˈɹiː.ə.lə/ /ɔˈɹiː.ə.lə/ /ɔːˈɹiː.ə.lə/ n
aureola
luminous cloud

aureole /ˈɔɹ.i.oʊl/ /ˈɔː.ɹiː.əʊl/ n
aureola
circle of light or halo around the head of a deity

aureomycin n
aureomycyna
medicine

aureus /ˈɔːɹɪəs/ n
aureus

auricle /ˈɔɹ.ək.əl/ /ˈɔː.ɹɪk.əl/ n
uszko
an ear-shaped appendage of the left or right atrium of the heart

auricular /ɔˈɹɪk.jəl.ɚ/ /ɔːˈɹɪk.jʊl.ə/ adj
audialny audytywny słuchowy
of or pertaining to the sense of hearing
uszny
of or pertaining to the ear

auriculotherapy n
aurikuloterapia

auriferous /ɔːˈɹɪfəɹəs/ adj
złotodajny złotonośny
containing gold

aurochs /ˈaʊɹɒks/ /ˈɔːɹɒks/ n
tur tur leśny
Bos primigenius

aurora /ɔˈɹɔɹ.ə/ /ɔːˈɹɔː.ɹə/ /əˈɹɔɹ.ə/ /əˈɹɔː.ɹə/ n
zorza polarna aurora zorza poranna
atmospheric phenomenon

auscultate v
auskultować wyauskultować
to practice auscultation

auscultation /ˌɔskəlˈteɪʃən/ /ˌɔːskəlˈteɪʃən/ n
auskultacja
diagnosis by stethoscope or similar auditory device

auscultator n
auskultator
person who auscultates

austenite /ˈɑstɪnaɪt/ /ˈɒstɪnaɪt/ /ˈɔstɪnaɪt/ n
austenit

austenitization n
austenityzowanie

austerity /ɔˈstɛɹɪti/ n
surowość
severity of manners or life
surowość niedostatek prostota

austral /ˈɒstɹəl/ /ˈɔːstɹəl/ adj
południowy
of, relating to, or coming from the south

australopith /ˈɒstɹələˌpɪθ/ n
australopitek
hominid, a member of Australopithecus

autarch n
autarcha autokrata jednowładca jedynowładca samowładca

autarchy /-tɑː-/ /ˈɔˌtɑɹki/ /ˈɔːtəki/ n
autarchia autokracja autokratyzm jednowładztwo jedynowładztwo samowładztwo
condition of absolute power

autarkic /ɔːˈtɑːkɪk/ adj
autarkiczny
self-sufficient

autarky /-tɑː-/ /ˈɔˌtɑɹki/ /ˈɔːtəki/ n
autarkia
personal condition or state of self-sufficiency
autarkia autarchia autarkizm
(policy of) national economic self-sufficiency

autecology n
autekologia
one of two broad subdivisions of ecology

authentic /ɑ.ˈθɛn.tɪk/ /ɒ.ˈθɛn.tɪk/ /ɔ.ˈθɛn.tɪk/ adj
autentyczny
of undisputed origin
autentyczny autentyk
conforming to reality and therefore worthy of trust, reliance, or belief

authentically adv
autentycznie
in an authentic manner

authentication n
uwierzytelnianie
proof of the identity of a user logging on to some network

authenticity /ɑθənˈtɪsɪti/ /ɑθɛnˈtɪsɪti/ [ɑθənˈtɪsɪɾi] [ɑθɛnˈtɪsɪɾi] n
autentyczność prawdziwość autentyka autentyzm
the quality of being genuine or not corrupted from the original

author /ˈɑ.θɚ/ /ˈɒː.təɹ/ /ˈɔ.θɚ/ /ˈɔː.θə/ n
autor autorka
originator or creator of a work

authoress /ˈɔ.θɚ.ɹɛs/ /ˈɔː.θə.ɹɛs/ n
autorka pisarka
female author

authorial adj
autorczy autorski

authorially adv
autorsko

authoritarian /ɔˌθɔɹ.əˈtɛɹ.i.ən/ /ɔːˌθɒɹ.ɪˈtɛə̯.ɹɪən/ /əˌθɔɹ.əˈtɛɹ.i.ən/ adj
autorytarny
of, or relating to, absolute obedience to an authority
tending to impose one's demands upon others as if one were an authority
autorytatywny
demanding obedience to authority; dictatorial

authoritarianism n
autorytaryzm
authoritarian form of government

authoritarianly adv
autorytarnie

authoritative /ɔ-/ /ɔːˈθɒɹɪtətɪv/ /ɔːˈθɒɹɪtɪv/ /ɔːˈθɒɹɪˌteɪtɪv/ /əˈθɑɹɪtətɪv/ /əˈθɑɹɪtɪv/ /əˈθɑɹɪˌteɪtɪv/ /əˈθɔɹɪtətɪv/ /əˈθɔɹɪtɪv/ /əˈθɔɹɪˌteɪtɪv/ adj
autorytatywny
originating from a figure of authority
having a commanding style
miarodajny
accurate or definitive

authoritatively /ɔˈθɔɹəˌteɪtɪvli/ /ɔːˈθɒɹɪtətɪvli/ adv
autorytatywnie
in an authoritative manner

authoritativeness n
autorytatywność
the quality of possessing authority
the quality of trustworthiness and reliability

authority /ɒːˈtɒɹɪti/ /ɔːˈθɒɹəti/ /ɔːˈθɒɹɪti/ /əˈθɑɹəti/ /əˈθɔɹəti/ n
autorytet arbiter powaga
reliable source of information on a subject
autorytet powaga
power to enforce rules or give orders
władza autorytet
police or law enforcement collectively

authority figure n
autorytet

authorityless adj
bez autorytetu

authorization n
autoryzacja upoważnienie
act of authorizing
umocowanie upoważnienie zezwolenie
state of being authorized to do something or to be somewhere

authorless adj
bezautorski

authorship n
autorstwo
quality or state of being an author

autism /ˈɑtɪzəm/ /ˈɔːtɪzəm/ n
autyzm
neurological disorder

autist /ˈɔː.tɪst/ n
autyczka autyk autysta autystka autystyk
person with autism

autistic /ɔːˈtɪs.tɪk/ adj
autystyczny autyczny
having or pertaining to autism

autistically adv
autycznie autystycznie
in an autistic way

auto body n
blacharka karoseria nadwozie
outer shell of a car

auto mechanic /ˈɔtoʊ məˈkænɪk/ n
mechanik
person

auto racing n
automobilizm sport samochodowy
sport

auto- /ˈɔː.təʊ/ prefix
auto- samo-
regarding oneself
automatic
relating to cars or the driving of cars

autoaggression n
autoagresja autoimmunizacja

autoaggressive adj
autoagresyjny

autoalarm n
autoalarm

autoanalysis n
autoanaliza samoanaliza
psychology

autobiographer n
autobiograf autobiografka
one who writes his or her own biography

autobiographical /ˌɑtoʊˌbaɪəˈɡɹæfəkəl/ /ˌɔː.təˌbaɪ.əˈɡɹæf.ɪk.əl/ adj
autobiograficzny
of or relating to person's life

autobiographicalize v
autobiografizować

autobiographically /ˈɔː.təʊˌbaɪ.ə.ɡɹæf.ɪk.(ə)li/ adv
autobiograficznie
in an autobiographical manner

autobiographicalness n
autobiograficzność

autobiographism n
autobiografizm
tendency to base writings on one's own life

autobiography /ˌɔː.tə.baɪˈɒɡ.ɹə.fi/ n
autobiografia
biography of oneself

autoblock n
bloker
rappelling and ascending technique

autobracketing n
autobracketing

autobus /ˈɑtoʊˌbʌs/ /ˈɔtoʊˌbʌs/ /ˈɔːtə(ʊ)bʌs/ [ˈɑɾə-] [ˈɔɾə-] n
autobus
bus that is a motor vehicle

autocamp n
autobiwak

autocatalysis n
autokataliza
catalysis of a reaction by one of its products

autocatalytic adj
autokatalityczny
catalyzed by one of its own products

autocephalous /ɔːtə(ʊ)ˈsɛfələs/ adj
autokefaliczny
(of a church) independent

autocephaly /ˌɔːtəˈsɛfəli/ n
autokefalia
the organisational independence of a church

autochory n
autochoria samosiewność
self-dispersal of seeds

autochthon /ɑˈtɑkˌθɑn/ /ɑˈtɑkθ(ə)n/ /ɔˈtɑkˌθɑn/ /ɔˈtɑkθ(ə)n/ /ɔːˈtɒkθ(ə)n/ /ɔːˈtɒkθɒn/ n
autochton
geology
autochton autochtonka
earliest inhabitant

autochthonism n
autochtonizm

autochthonous /ɑˈtɑkθənəs/ /ɔˈtɑkθənəs/ /ɔːˈtɒkθənəs/ adj
autochtoniczny
biology, medicine: originating where found
geology: formed or buried where found
autochtoniczny autochtoński
native to the place where found

autochthonously adv
autochtonicznie rdzennie

autoclave /ˈɔtəˌkleɪv/ n
autoklaw
sterilized heating vessel

autocorrect n
autokorekta

autocracy /ɔːˈtɒkɹəsi/ n
autokracja autokratyzm autarchia jednowładztwo jedynowładztwo samowładztwo
form of government

autocrat /ˈɔːtəkɹæt/ n
autokrata autokratka samowładca samowładczyni
ruler with absolute power

autocratic adj
absolutystyczny autokratyczny jedynowładczy
of or pertaining to the manner of an autocrat
autokratyczny absolutystyczny jedynowładczy
of or pertaining to autocracy or an autocrat

autocratically /ˈɔːt.əˌkɹæt.ɪk(.ə)liː/ adv
autokratycznie
in an autocratic manner

autocycle n
autocykl
a vehicle somewhat like a moped

autodidact /ˌɔːtoʊˈdaɪdækt/ n
autodydakta samouk
a self-taught person

autodidactically adv
autodydaktycznie

autodidacticism n
autodydaktyka autodydaktyzm
self-education; self-directed learning

autodrome n
autodrom
a circuit used for motor sports events, but not for high-speed racing

autodyne n
autodyna

autoerotic /ˈɔːtəʊ.ɘɹɒt.ɪk/ adj
autoerotyczny
masturbatory

autoerotically adv
autoerotycznie

autoeroticism n
autoerotyzm
practise of stimulating oneself sexually

autofellatio n
autofellatio
Oral stimulation of one's own penis

autofocus n
autofocus autofokus
automatic focus

autogamic adj
autogamiczny

autogamically adv
autogamicznie
in an autogamic manner

autogamy n
autogamia samopylność samozapłodnienie
self-fertilization

autogenous /ɔːˈtɒd͡ʒɪnəs/ adj
samorodny
produced independently of an external cause

autogiro n
autożyro wiatrakowiec
aircraft with unpowered rotating wings

autognosis /ˌɔːtəɡˈnəʊsɪs/ n
autognozja

autograph /ˈɔːtəɡrɑːf/ n
autograf
signature
autograf manuskrypt rękopis
hand-written manuscript

autographical adj
autograficzny
relating to autography

autography n
autografia
process in lithography

autohemotherapy n
autohemoterapia
reinjection of blood

autohypnosis n
autohipnoza
hypnosis of oneself

autoignition temperature n
temperatura samozapłonu
lowest temperature of spontaneous combustion

autoimmunization n
autoagresja autoimmunizacja

autoinducible adj
zdolny do autoindukcji

autoinduction n
autoindukcja

autoinfection n
autoinfekcja

autoinjector n
ampułkostrzykawka
single-dose device for drug delivery

autointoxication n
autointoksykacja samozatrucie

autoionization n
autojonizacja

autolithography n
autolitografia

autological /ˌɑːtoʊˈlɑːd͡ʒɪkəl/ /ˌɑːtəˈlɑːd͡ʒɪkəl/ /ˌɔː.təʊˈlɒ.dʒɪ.kəl/ /ˌɔː.təˈlɒ.dʒɪ.kəl/ adj
autologiczny
of a phrase, describing itself

autolysis /əˈtɑ.ləˌsɪs/ n
autoliza
the destruction of an organism's cells by enzymes

autolytic /ˌɔːtəˈlɪtɪk/ adj
autolityczny

autolyze v
autolizować

automagical /ˈɑtoʊˈmæd͡ʒɪkəl/ adj
automagiczny
automatic, but with an apparent element of magic

automagically adv
automagicznie
automatically

automania n
automania

automaniac n
automaniaczka automaniak
an enthusiast of automobiles and motoring

automassage n
automasaż
the practice of massaging onself

automate /ˈoː.tə.mæɪt/ /ˈɑ.toʊˌmeɪt/ /ˈɑ.təˌmeɪt/ /ˈɔ.toʊˌmeɪt/ /ˈɔː.tə.meɪt/ [ˈoː.ɾə.mæɪt] [ˈɑ.ɾoʊˌmeɪt] [ˈɑ.ɾəˌmeɪt] [ˈɔ.ɾoʊˌmeɪt] [ˈɔ.ɾəˌmeɪt] v
automatyzować zautomatyzować
to replace or enhance human labor with machines

automated /ˈɑ.toʊˌmeɪ.tɪd/ /ˈɑ.təmeɪtɪd/ /ˈɔ.toʊˌmeɪ.tɪd/ /ˈɔ.təmeɪtɪd/ /ˈɔːtəmeɪtɪd/ [ˈɑ.ɾoʊˌmeɪ.ɾɪd] [ˈɑ.ɾəˌmeɪ.ɾɪd] [ˈɔ.ɾoʊˌmeɪ.ɾɪd] [ˈɔ.ɾəˌmeɪ.ɾɪd] adj
automatyzowany
made automatic

automated teller machine /ˈɔːtəmeɪtɪd ˈtɛlə(ɹ) məˈʃiːn/ n
bankomat
banking

automatic /ˌɑː.təˈmæt.ɪk/ /ˌɔː.təˈmæt.ɪk/ [ˌɑː.ɾəˈmæɾ.ɪk] [ˌɔː.ɾəˈmæɾ.ɪk] adj
automatyczny
describing a firearm which fires continuously
automatyczny odruchowy
acting without conscious thought
automatyczny samoczynny
capable of operating without external control

automatic differentiation n
automatyczny różniczkowanie

automatic transmission n
automat
a mechanical transmission which shifts gears automatically in response to speed and/or load

automatically /ˈɔːtəʊˌmæt.ɪk(.ə)li/ /ˈɔːtəˌmætɪk(.ə)li/ /ˌɑː.təˈmæt.ɪk(.ə)li/ /ˌɔː.təˈmæt.ɪk(.ə)li/ [ˌɑː.ɾəˈmæɾ.ɪk(.ə)li] [ˌɔː.ɾəˈmæɾ.ɪk(.ə)li] adv
automatycznie automatem z automatu
In an automatic manner

automaticity n
automatyczność
the ability to do things without occupying the mind with the low level details required

automation /ˌɔːtəˈmeɪʃən/ n
automatyzacja
converting the controlling of a machine to an automatic system

automatism /ɔːˈtɒmətɪzəm/ n
automatyzm
acting automatically
physiology

automaton /ɔːˈtɒmətən/ /ɔːˈtɒməˌtɒn/ /əˈtɑməˌtɑn/ n
automat
person who acts like a machine or robot

automobile /ˈɑː.tə.məˈbil/ /ˈɑː.tə.məˌbil/ /ˈɑː.təˈmoʊ.bil/ /ˈɔː.tə.məˌbil/ /ˈɔː.tə.məˌbiːl/ /ˌɔː.tə.məˈbil/ /ˌɔː.təˈmoʊ.bil/ n
samochód auto automobil
passenger vehicle

automorphic number n
liczba automorficzna
number whose square ends in itself

automotive adj
motoryzacyjny
of, or relating to motor vehicles

automotive industry n
przemysł samochodowy

autonomic /ˌɔt.əˈnɑm.ɪk/ /ˌɔː.təˈnɒm.ɪk/ adj
autonomiczny
acting or occurring involuntarily, without conscious control
pertaining to the autonomic nervous system

autonomic nervous system n
autonomiczny układ nerwowy wegetatywny układ nerwowy
autonomic nervous system

autonomicity n
autonomiczność

autonomism n
autonomizm

autonomist /ɔːˈtɒnəmɪst/ n
autonomista autonomistka

autonomistic adj
autonomistyczny

autonomistically adv
autonomistycznie

autonomization n
autonomizacja

autonomize v
autonomizować zautonomizować

autonomous /ɑˈtɑnəməs/ /ɔˈtɑnəməs/ /ɔːˈtɒnəməs/ adj
autonomiczny
self-governing
autonomiczny samodzielny
acting on one's own

autonomous oblast n
obwód autonomiczny
autonomous entity in the Soviet Union and Russia

autonomous sensory meridian response n
samoistna odpowiedź meridianów czuciowych
frisson characterized by a tingling sensation on the skin

autonomous vehicle n
samochód autonomiczny
vehicle

autonomously adv
autonomicznie
In an autonomous manner

autonomy /ɑˈtɑ.nə.mi/ /ɔˈtɑ.nə.mi/ /ɔːˈtɒn.ə.mi/ n
autonomia autonomiczność
self-government
in mechanics
autonomia autonomiczność samodzielność
capacity for individual decision

autoparody n
autoparodia

autophagocytosis n
autofagia autofagocytoza

autophagous adj
autofagiczny

autophagy n
autofagia autofagocytoza
the process of self-digestion

autophilia n
autofilia samouwielbienie
self-love

autopilot n
automatyczny pilot autopilot
guiding system

autopoiesis /ˌɔːtəʊpɔɪˈiːsɪs/ n
system autopoietyczny
self-creation

autoprotolysis n
autojonizacja autoprotoliza
autoionization of water

autopsic adj
autopsyjny sekcyjny
characteristic of an autopsy

autopsy /ˈɑtɑpsi/ /ˈɔtɑpsi/ /ˈɔːtɒpsiː/ n
autopsja
eyewitness observation
autopsja sekcja
a dissection performed on a cadaver

autoradiograph n
autoradiogram

autoradiography n
autoradiografia

autoregeneration n
autoregeneracja

autorotation n
autorotacja
rotation of the blades of a helicopter by ascending air

autorotative adj
autorotacyjny

autosexuality n
autoseksualizm
sexual attraction to oneself

autosome /ˈɑtəzoʊm/ /ˈɔɾəˌsoʊm/ /ˈɔːtəsəʊm/ n
autosom
any chromosome other than sex chromosomes

autosuggestion n
autosugestia
suggesting thoughts to oneself

autotelic adj
autoteliczny
containing its own meaning or purpose
deriving meaning and purpose from within

autotherapeutic adj
autoterapeutyczny

autotherapy n
autoterapia
self-treatment of a medical condition
the spontaneous cure of a medical condition
treament of a disease by administration of filtrates from the patient's own pathological secretion

autotomy /ɔːˈtɒtəmi/ n
autotomia
invertebrate self-defense mechanism

autotransformer n
autotransformator

autotransfusion n
autotransfuzja
blood transfusion in which a person receives their own blood

autotransplantation n
autotransplantacja

autotroph /ˈɔɾəˌtɹoʊf/ /ˈɔːtə(ʊ)tɹəʊf/ n
autotrof
organism that can synthesize its food

autotrophic adj
autotroficzny samożywny

autotrophy n
autotrofia autotrofizm samożywność
synthesis of food from inorganic substances

autotypic adj
autotypowy
relating to an autotype

autotypy n
autotypia autotypografia
early photographic process

autovaccine n
autoszczepionka autowakcyna

autoxidation n
autooksydacja autoutlenianie samoutlenianie

autoxidator n
autoutleniacz samoutleniacz

autumn /ˈɑtəm/ /ˈɔtəm/ /ˈɔːtəm/ [ˈɑɾm̩] [ˈɑɾɪ̈m] [ˈɔɾm̩] [ˈɔɾɪ̈m] n
jesień
season

autumn years n
jesień życia

autumnal /ɔˈtʌmnəɫ/ /ɔːˈtʌmnəl/ adj
jesienny
of or relating to autumn

autumnal equinox n
równonoc jesienna
moment
point

autumnally adv
jesiennie
in an autumnal way

autunite n
autunit
mineral

auxanometer n
auksanometr

auxetic adj
auksetyczny

auxetic n
auksetyk

auxeticity n
auksetyczność

auxiliary /ɑɡˈzɪl(j)(ə)ɹi/ /ɑɡˈzɪliɛɹi/ /ɔɡˈzɪl(j)(ə)ɹi/ /ɔɡˈzɪliɛɹi/ /ɔːɡˈzɪl(j)əɹi/ /ɔːɡˈzɪli.əɹi/ adj
pomocnicza pomocnicze pomocniczy
helping; giving assistance or support
posiłkowa posiłkowe posiłkowy
relating to an auxiliary verb
rezerwowa rezerwowe rezerwowy
held in reserve for exceptional circumstances

auxiliary verb /ɔːɡˈzɪljəɹi ˈvɜː(ɹ)b/ n
czasownik posiłkowy
a helping verb

auxin n
auksyna
class of plant growth hormones

auxology n
auksologia
study of growth

available /əˈveɪləb(ə)l/ adj
dostępny
readily obtainable
wolny dostępny
capable of being used

aval n
awal
financial guarantee

avalanche /ˈævəlæn(t)ʃ/ /ˈævəlɑːnʃ/ n
lawina
sudden descent or influx
fall of earth, rocks, etc.
lawina awalansza
large sliding mass of snow and ice

avant-garde /æˈvɑ̃.ɡɑːd/ /æˈvɑ̃t.ɡɑːd/ /əˌvæntˈɡɑɹd/ /əˌvɑntˈɡɑɹd/ /ˈæ.vn̩t.ɡɑːd/ /ˌæ.vɑntˈɡɑɹd/ /ˌæ.vɑ̃ˈɡɑːd/ /ˌæˌvɑ̃ˈɡɑɹd/ /ˌɑˌvæntˈɡɑɹd/ /ˌɑˌvɑntˈɡɑɹd/ /ˌɑˌvɑ̃ˈɡɑɹd/ adj
awangardowy
innovative, pioneering, especially when extremely or obviously so

avant-garde /æˈvɑ̃.ɡɑːd/ /æˈvɑ̃t.ɡɑːd/ /əˌvæntˈɡɑɹd/ /əˌvɑntˈɡɑɹd/ /ˈæ.vn̩t.ɡɑːd/ /ˌæ.vɑntˈɡɑɹd/ /ˌæ.vɑ̃ˈɡɑːd/ /ˌæˌvɑ̃ˈɡɑɹd/ /ˌɑˌvæntˈɡɑɹd/ /ˌɑˌvɑntˈɡɑɹd/ /ˌɑˌvɑ̃ˈɡɑɹd/ n
awangarda
group of people promoting new concepts
(obsolete) the vanguard of an army or other force

avant-gardism n
awangardyzm awangardzizm
the novel, experimental approach of the avant-garde

avant-gardist n
awangardysta awangardzista awangardystka awangardzistka
a person who is avant-garde or espouses avant-garde points of view; member of the avant-garde

avarice /ˈævəɹəs/ /ˈævəɹɪs/ /ˈævɹəs/ n
chciwość
excessive or inordinate desire of gain
inordinate desire for some supposed good

avaricious /ˌævəˈɹɪʃəs/ adj
chciwy skąpy
actuated by avarice

avatar /ˈæv.ə.tɑɹ/ /ˈæv.ə.tɑː/ /ˌæv.əˈtɑː/ n
awatar
digital representation of a person or being
awatara awatar
earthly incarnation of a deity, particularly Vishnu
personifikacja ucieleśnienie
The physical embodiment of an idea or concept; a personification

aven n
awen
a vertical shaft leading upward from a cave passage

avenge /əˈvɛnd͡ʒ/ v
pomścić mścić zemścić
to take vengeance for
to treat revengefully

avenger n
mściciel mścicielka
one who avenges or vindicates; as, an avenger of blood

avenin n
awenina

avens /ˈævɪnz/ n
kuklik
plant of Geum

aventurine /əˈvɛn.tjʊə.ɹɪn/ /əˈvɛn.t͡ʃə.ɹɪn/ /əˈvɛn.t͡ʃəˌɹin/ n
awanturyn awenturyn kwarc awenturynowy
variety of translucent quartz
kamieniem tysiąca słońc szkło awenturynowe
kind of brownish glass containing gold-coloured spangles

avenue /ˈæv.əˌn(j)u/ /ˈæv.əˌnjuː/ n
aleja
broad street
podjazd
principal approach to a house withdrawn from the road

avenuelike adj
alejowy
resembling or characteristic of an avenue

average /ˈæv(ə)ɹɪd͡ʒ/ adj
przeciętny
neither very good nor very bad
typical
średni
constituting or relating to the average

average /ˈæv(ə)ɹɪd͡ʒ/ n
średnia
arithmetic mean

average Joe adj
przeciętny zjadacz chleba zwykły zjadacz chleba
typical average person

averagely adv
przeciętnie
in an average manner

averse /əˈvɜː(ɹ)s/ adj
awersyjny
having opposition of mind

aversely adv
awersyjnie
with aversion

aversion /əˈvɜːʃən/ /əˈvɝʒən/ n
awersja niechęć odraza
fixed dislike

avian /ˈeɪvi.ən/ adj
ptasi
of birds

avian influenza n
ptasia grypa
strain of influenza

aviary /ˈeɪviˌɛəɹi/ /ˈeɪvɪəɹi/ n
ptaszarnia
confinement for keeping birds

aviation /ˌeɪ.viˈeɪ.ʃən/ n
lotnictwo awiacja awiatyka
art or science of flying

aviator n
lotnik awiator
aircraft pilot

aviator sunglasses n
okulary przeciwsłoneczne Aviator

avid /ˈæv.əd/ /ˈæv.ɪd/ adj
zapalony
enthusiastic; passionate

avionics /eɪ.viˈɒn.ɪks/ n
awionika
the devices used in avionics
the science and technology of the development and use of electrical and electronic devices in aviation

aviso n
awizo awizowiec
a mid-sized colonial warship

avitaminosis n
awitaminoza
vitamin deficiency

avocado /ævəˈkɑdoʊ/ /ævəˈkɑːdəʊ/ /ɑvəˈkɑdoʊ/ [ævəˈkɑɾoʊ] [ɑvəˈkɑɾoʊ] n
awokado smaczliwka
fruit
tree

avocet /ˈævəsɛt/ n
szablodziób
bird

avoid /əˈvɔɪd/ v
unikać uniknąć
to keep away from

avoid like the plague /əˈvɔɪd laɪk ðə ˈpleɪɡ/ v
bać się jak diabeł święconej wody
to evade or shun

avuncular /əˈvʌŋkjʊlə/ /əˈvʌŋkjʊlɚ/ adj
dobroduszny ojcowski
in the manner of an uncle

await /əˈweɪt/ v
czekać oczekiwać
transitive: to wait for
transitive: to be in store for
oczekiwać
transitive: to expect

awake /əˈweɪk/ adj
czujny przebudzony
conscious

awake /əˈweɪk/ v
obudzić się
to gain consciousness

awakening /əˈweɪ̯kənɪŋ/ n
budzenie budzenie się przebudzenie
the act of awaking

award /əˈwɔɹd/ /əˈwɔːd/ n
nagroda odznaczenie
trophy or medal

award /əˈwɔɹd/ /əˈwɔːd/ v
nagradzać nagrodzić
give an award/prize for merit

aware /əˈweːɹ/ /əˈwɛə/ /əˈwɛɚ/ adj
świadomy świadom
having knowledge of something

awareness /əˈwɛə.nəs/ /əˈwɛɚ.nəs/ n
świadomość
the state of consciousness
the state or quality of being aware of something

away /əˈweɪ/ adj
daleko nieobecny z dala
not here; gone
na wyjeździe
traveling; on vacation
niedostępny
unavailable

away /əˈweɪ/ adv
precz stąd
from a place; hence

away game n
mecz wyjazdowy
athletic contest played in the opposing team's territory

away with the fairies /əˈweɪ wɪð ðə ˈfɛəɹɪːz/ adj
w roztargniony sposób zamyślony
lost in thought

awe /ɑ/ /ɔ/ /ɔː/ n
groza trwoga
feeling of fear and reverence
zachwyt
feeling of amazement

awesome /ˈɑ.səm/ /ˈɔ.səm/ /ˈɔː.səm/ adj
bajer bajerancki super
excellent, exciting

awful /ˈɑfəl/ /ˈɔfəl/ /ˈɔːfəl/ /ˈɔːfʊl/ adj
okropny ohydny straszliwy
very bad

awkward /ˈoːkwəd/ /ˈɑkwɚd/ /ˈɔkwɚd/ /ˈɔːkwəd/ adj
nieprzyjemny
not easily managed or effected; embarrassing
nieśmiały
perverse; adverse; untoward

awl /ɑl/ /ɔl/ /ɔːl/ n
szydło
pointed instrument

awn /ɔːn/ n
ość wąs
the bristle or beard of certain plants

awning /ˈɑnɪŋ/ /ˈɔnɪŋ/ /ˈɔːnɪŋ/ n
markiza
a rooflike cover

awnless adj
bezostny bezościsty

awry /əˈɹaɪ/ /əˈɹɑɪ/ /ˈɔ.ɹi/ adj
krzywy
turned or twisted toward one side
niewłaściwy
wrong or distorted; perverse, amiss

awry /əˈɹaɪ/ /əˈɹɑɪ/ /ˈɔ.ɹi/ adv
krzywo na opak ukośnie
obliquely, crookedly; askew
niewłaściwie opacznie
perversely, improperly

axe /æks/ n
siekiera topór
tool
topór siekiera
weapon

axel /ˈæk.səl/ n
aksel axel

axeless adj
bez topora

axial /ˈæk.si.əl/ /ˈæk.sɪ.əl/ adj
osiowy
of or pertaining to an axis
belonging to the axis of the body

axinite n
aksynit
borosilicate

axiological adj
aksjologiczny
Of or relating to value theory

axiologically adv
aksjologicznie

axiology n
aksjologia
particular value theory of a philosopher
value theory

axiom /ˈak.sɪ.əm/ /ˈæk.si.əm/ /ˈæk.ʃəm/ n
aksjomat pewnik
mathematics: fundamental assumption
philosophy: supposed self‐evident or necessary truth
pewnik aksjomat
established principle in art or science

axiom of choice n
aksjomat wyboru pewnik wyboru
axiom that any product of non-empty sets is non-empty

axiom of extensionality n
aksjomat ekstensjonalności
axiom of extensionality

axiom of infinity n
aksjomat nieskończoności
axiom of infinity

axiom of pairing n
aksjomat pary
axiom of pairing

axiom of regularity n
aksjomat regularności
axiom of regularity

axiom of union n
aksjomat sumy
axiom of union

axiomatic /ˌæk.si.əˈmæt.ɪk/ adj
aksjomatyczny
relating to axioms
self-evident

axiomatic system n
system aksjomatyczny

axiomatically adv
aksjomatycznie
by the use of axioms

axiomatics n
aksjomatyka

axiomatization /ˌaksɪəmətʌɪˈzeɪʃn̩/ n
aksjomatyzacja
process
result

axiomatize v
aksjomatyzować zzaksjomatyzować
to establish a set of axioms that describe or govern certain phenomena

axiomless adj
bez aksjomatów

axis /ˈæksəs/ /ˈæksɪs/ n
obrotnik
second cervical vertebra
oś
geometry: imaginary line
basis of space or part of graph

axis of evil n
oś zła
states supposedly sponsoring terrorism and seeking weapons of mass destruction

axle /ˈæksəl/ n
oś
the pin or spindle on which a wheel revolves, or which revolves with a wheel
an axis

axleless adj
bezosiowy

axode n
aksoida

axolotl /ˈak.səˌlɒ.təl/ /ˈæk.səˌlɑ.təl/ n
aksolotl aksolotl meksykański ambystoma meksykańska salamandra meksykańska
endangered salamander

axon n
neuryt akson
a nerve fibre

axonal adj
aksonowy
of or pertaining to an axon

axonless adj
bez aksonu bez neurytu

axonometric adj
aksonometryczny
describing a projection in which the horizontal and vertical axes are to the same scale, but the third axis is reduced to allow for perspective

axonometry n
aksonometria

ayah /aɪ.ə/ /ˈaɪ.(j)ɑ/ n
aja
a verse in the Qur'an

ayatollah n
ajatollah
a religious leader

aye /aɪ/ n
afirmatywa
affirmative vote

aye aye, sir phraseologicalUnit
tak jest
nautical - I hear, understand and will comply

aye-aye /ˈaɪˌaɪ/ n
palczak madagaskarski palczak
nocturnal quadruped

azalea /əˈzeɪliə/ n
azalia
plant

azarole n
głóg włoski
Crataegus azarolus

azeotrope n
azeotrop
mixture of two substances non-separable by normal distillation

azeotropic adj
azeotropowy

azeotropy n
azeotropia

azide /ˈeɪzaɪd/ n
azydek
N₃- anion

azimuth /ˈæzɪməθ/ n
azymut
arc of the horizon
quadrant of an azimuth circle

azimuthal /ˌæzəˈmuːθəl/ /ˌæzəˈmʌθəl/ adj
azymutalny
of or pertaining to the azimuth

azoic adj
azoiczny
anterior to the existence of animal life

azoospermia n
azoospermia
absence of live sperm in the semen

azotometer /ˌeɪzəʊˈtɒmɪtɚ/ n
azotometr

azure /eɪ-/ /æzˈjʊə/ /əˈzjɝ/ /əˈzjʊə/ /əˈzjʊɹ/ /əˈʒɝ/ /əˈʒʊɹ/ /ˈeɪʒ.ə/ /ˈæz.jʊə/ /ˈæʒ.ə/ /ˈæʒ.ɚ/ adj
błękitny
heraldry: of blue colour on a coat of arms

azure /eɪ-/ /æzˈjʊə/ /əˈzjɝ/ /əˈzjʊə/ /əˈzjʊɹ/ /əˈʒɝ/ /əˈʒʊɹ/ /ˈeɪʒ.ə/ /ˈæz.jʊə/ /ˈæʒ.ə/ /ˈæʒ.ɚ/ n
błękit lazur
colour of the sky
the blue sky

azurite /ˈæʒ(j)ʊˌɹaɪt/ /ˈæʒ.(j)ʊəɹˌaɪt/ /ˈæʒ.əˌɹaɪt/ n
azuryt
blue, vitreous mineral

b. adj
ur.
born

baa [bæ] [bæ̰ˀæ̰ˀæ̰ˀæ̰ˀ] [bæ̰ː] [bɑ] [bɑː] interjection
be
cry of sheep

baa [bæ] [bæ̰ˀæ̰ˀæ̰ˀæ̰ˀ] [bæ̰ː] [bɑ] [bɑː] n
bek
bleating of sheep

baa [bæ] [bæ̰ˀæ̰ˀæ̰ˀæ̰ˀ] [bæ̰ː] [bɑ] [bɑː] v
beczeć
to make the cry of sheep

baba /ˈbæbə/ /ˈbɑːbɑː/ /ˈbɑːbə/ n
baba
flavoured sponge cake
holy man, spiritual leader

baba ganoush /ˌbɑbə ɡəˈnuʃ/ /ˌbɑːbə ɡəˈnuːʃ/ n
baba ghanoush
Middle Eastern dish made from a purée of roasted aubergine, garlic, and tahini

babble /ˈbæb.l̩/ n
bełkot paplanie
idle talk
gaworzenie gwar
inarticulate speech
szmer
the sound of flowing water

babble /ˈbæb.l̩/ v
gaworzyć
to utter words indistinctly
paplać
to talk much
szemrać
to make a continuous murmuring noise

babka /ˈbɑb.kə/ n
babka
coffee cake

baboon /bəˈbuːn/ /ˌbæˈbuːn/ n
pawian
primate

babushka /bəˈbuːʃ.kə/ n
chusta
woman’s headscarf tied under the chin

baby /ˈbeɪbi/ n
bejbe mała
form of address to a man or a woman considered to be attractive
dzieciuch maluch
immature or infantile person
kochanie skarb
term of endearment
niemowlę niemowlak dzidziuś dziecko maluch
very young human being

baby blue adj
jasno błękitny
pale blue color

baby bonus n
becikowe

baby bottle n
butelka
bottle with a teat

baby bump n
bęben
noticeable abdominal swelling in a pregnant woman

baby hatch n
okno życia
hatch for abandoned children

baby walker n
chodzik
baby walker

baccalaureate /bækəˈlɔːɹɪət/ n
bakalaureat
examination to enable higher education
qualification awarded after passing the baccalaureate exam

baccarat /bɑːkəˈrɑː/ /ˈbækəɹæt/ /ˈbækəɹɑː/ /ˈbɑːkəɹɑː/ n
bakarat
card game

bacchanalia /ˌbæk.əˈnɑː.lɪə/ n
bachanalia

bacchante n
bachantka
a priestess of Bacchus

bacchic adj
bachiczny bachusowy
of or relating to Bacchus

bachelor /ˈbæt͡ʃ.lɚ/ /ˈbæt͡ʃ.ə.lə(ɹ)/ /ˈbæt͡ʃ.ə.lɚ/ n
bakałarz licencjat
person who has achieved bachelor's degree
kawaler
unmarried man
kawalerka
(Canada) single room apartment

bachelor pad n
garsoniera
dwelling of unmarried man

bachelor party n
wieczór kawalerski
party

bachelor's degree n
licencjat
first or lowest academic degree

bachelorette /batʃələˈɹɛt/ /ˌbæt͡ʃləˈɹɛt/ n
panna
unmarried woman

bachelorette party n
wieczór panieński
bachelorette party

bacillus /bæˈsɪl.əs/ n
laseczka pałeczka
any bacteria in the genus Bacillus

back /bæk/ [-k̚] [-ˀk] [bak] [bax] [bæk] adj
tylny zadni
near the rear

back /bæk/ [-k̚] [-ˀk] [bak] [bax] [bæk] adv
z powrotem nazad
to or in a previous condition or place

back /bæk/ [-k̚] [-ˀk] [bak] [bax] [bæk] n
obrońca
a position behind most players on the team
oparcie
the backrest, the part of a piece of furniture which receives the human back
plecy grzbiet
the rear of body
tył
the reverse side
tył koniec
that which is farthest away from the front
the part of something that goes last

back and forth adv
tam i nazad tam i z powrotem
from one place to another and back again

back and forth n
ruch tam i z powrotem
movement (of someone or something) forward followed by a return to the same position

back at you
wzajemnie
same to you

back door n
backdoor
computing: secret means of access
drzwi kuchenne
subsidiary entrance to building
dupa
slang: anus

back down v
dać za wygraną dawać za wygraną wycofać
to take less aggressive position

back in the day
kiedyś powrotem w dzień
in the distant past

back of one's mind n
w tyle głowy

back off v
cofać się cofnąć się odsunąć się odsuwać się
to move backwards away from something
uspokoić się
to become less aggressive, particularly when one had appeared committed to act
wyciszyć
to lower the setting of

back office n
zaplecze

back rank n
mat korytarzowy

back seat n
tylne siedzenie
seat

back the wrong horse v
postawić na złego konia stawiać na złego konia
to support something or someone that later turns out to be unsuccessful

back to square one adj
na punkcie wyjścia
located back at the start, as after a dead-end or failure

back to square one adv
na punkcie wyjścia
back to the start, as after a dead-end or failure

back to the wall n
plecami do ściany pod ścianą przyparty do muru
very difficult situation

back vowel n
samogłoska tylna
any vowel sound produced in the back of the mouth

back-formation n
derywacja wsteczna
linguistic process

back-seat driver n
niepożądany doradca
unwanted advocate
pasażer dający niepożądane rady
advising passenger

backbite v
obgadywać obmawiać
to make defamatory statements about another

backbone /ˈbækˌboʊn/ /ˈbækˌbəʊn/ n
kręgosłup
series of vertebrae that encloses the spinal cord
kręgosłup charakter
courage, fortitude, or strength
trzon
any fundamental support, structure, or infrastructure

backbreaking adj
arcytrudny
of work, very physically tiring

backbreakingly adv
arcytrudno

backdrop /ˈbæk.dɹɑp/ /ˈbæk.dɹɒp/ [ˈbæk.d͡ʒɹɑp] n
kotara prospekt zasłona
a decorated cloth hung at the back of a stage
namalowana dekoracja tło
an image that serves as a visual background

backgammon /ˈbæk.ɡæm.ən/ n
tryktrak nardy
board game

background /ˈbæk.ɡɹaʊnd/ /ˈbækɹaʊnd/ n
dalszy plan drugi plan
less important feature
doświadczenie
social heritage
kontekst pochodzenie
relevant information
tapeta
computing: computer background
tło
computing: activity not visible to the user
tło dalszy plan drugi plan
part of picture

background music n
podkład
music in a film, video game or other medium

backhand /ˈbækhænd/ n
bekhend
stroke in tennis

backhanded compliment n
dwuznaczny komplement
insult disguised as a compliment

backheel n
piętka zagranie piętą
soccer

backhoe /ˈbæk.həʊ/ n
koparkoładowarka
a multi-purpose tractor

backlash /ˈbækˌlæʃ/ n
luz
mechanical: distance of free movement between connected parts
sprzeciw
violent or abrubt reaction

backlit adj
podświetlana podświetlane podświetlany
illuminated from behind

backlog /ˈbæk.lɒɡ/ n
zaległości
an accumulation or buildup
zapas
a reserve source or supply

backlog /ˈbæk.lɒɡ/ v
zalegać
to acquire something as a backlog, or to become a backlog

backpack /ˈbæk.pæk/ n
plecak
worn on a person's back, e.g., for hiking

backpacker n
turysta z plecakiem turystka z plecakiem
a traveler

backpedal /ˈbækˌpɛdəɫ/ v
iść do tyłu
to step backwards
pedałować do tyłu
to pedal backwards on a bicycle
wycofać się wycofywać się
to distance oneself from an earlier claim or statement

backronym /ˈbæk.ɹəˌnɪm/ n
wtórny akronim
word that is originally not an acronym but is turned into one by devising a full form for it

backroom n
zaplecze
room

backslash /ˈbækˌslæʃ/ n
ukośnik lewy ukośnik odwrotny ukośnik wsteczny
punctuation mark

backstabber /ˈbækˌstæbɚ/ n
żmija
a traitor or hypocrite

backstage /bækˈsteɪd͡ʒ/ n
arierscena zascenie
the area behind the stage

backstay n
achtersztag aftersztag
part of the rigging

backstitch n
stębnówka ścieg stębnowy
backstitch

backstitch v
stębnować
to sew with a backstitch

backstory /ˈbækˌstɔːɹi/ n
historia przedakcja realia
previous life and experiences of a fictional character

backstroke /ˈbækˌstɹoʊk/ n
styl grzbietowy
a swimming stroke swum on one's back

backtrack /ˈbæk.tɹæk/ n
cofanie się
the act of backtracking

backtrack /ˈbæk.tɹæk/ v
cofać się wycofać się
retracing one's steps
kołować wstecz
taxiing the opposite way down a runway
robić ponownie
reviewing previous work

backup /ˈbækˌʌp/ n
awaryjny
reserve
backup kopia bezpieczeństwa kopia zapasowa
copy of file or record

backward /ˈbæk.wə(ɹ)d/ /ˈbækwɚd/ adj
archaiczny przestarzały
of an idea: outdated
tył
in the direction reverse of normal
in the direction towards the back

backward /ˈbæk.wə(ɹ)d/ /ˈbækwɚd/ adv
do tyłu z powrotem
in the direction towards the back

backward integration n
integracja od tyłu integracja odwrotna

backwardation /bækwəˈdeɪʃ(ə)n/ /bækwəˈdeɪʃn̩/ n
deport
situation in a futures market where the price for future delivery of a commodity is lower than prices for immediate or nearer delivery

backwardness n
zacofanie
reluctance
zacofanie średniowiecze
state of being backward

backwater n
prowincja zaścianek
a remote place; somewhere that remains unaffected by new events, progresses, ideas, etc.
rozlewisko
the water held back by a dam or other obstruction

bacon /ˈbeɪ.kən/ n
boczek bekon
cut of meat

bacteraemia n
bakteriemia
medical condition

bacterial [bækˈtɪəɹiəɫ] adj
bakteryjny
of or caused by bacteria

bacterial flora n
flora bakteryjna
the bacteria inside an organism

bacterialess adj
bezbakteryjny

bactericidal adj
bakteriobójczy
that kills bacteria

bactericidally adv
bakteriobójczo

bactericide /bækˈtɪəɹ.ɪˌsaɪd/ n
bakteriocyd
Any substance that kills bacteria

bacteriochlorophyll n
bakteriochlorofil chlorofil bakteryjny
photosynthetic pigment

bacteriological adj
bakteriologiczny
of or pertaining to bacteriology

bacteriologically adv
bakteriologicznie
with respect to bacteriology

bacteriologist /bækˌtɪəɹiˈɒlədʒɪst/ n
bakteriolog
microbiologist

bacteriology /bækˌtɪəɹ.ɪˈɒləd͡ʒi/ n
bakteriologia
scientific study of bacteria

bacteriolysin n
bakteriolizyna

bacteriolysis n
bakterioliza

bacteriolytic adj
bakteriolityczny

bacteriolytically adv
bakteriolitycznie

bacteriophage /bækˈtɪəɹ.ɪəʊˌfeɪd͡ʒ/ n
bakteriofag
a virus that infects bacteria

bacteriophagic adj
bakteriofagowy

bacteriophagy n
bakteriofagia

bacterioscopy /bækˌtɪəɹ.ɪˈɒskəpi/ n
bakterioskopia

bacteriosis /bækˌtɪəɹ.ɪˈəʊsɪs/ n
bakterioza

bacteriostat n
bakteriostatyk

bacteriostatic adj
bakteriostatyczny
of or relating to bacteriostasis or a bacteriostat

bacteriostatically adv
bakteriostatycznie

bacteriotherapy /bækˈtɪəɹ.ɪəʊˌθeɹ.əpi/ n
bakterioterapia

bacterium /bækˈtɪəɹ.ɪəm/ n
bakteria
single-celled organism with no nucleus or organelles

bacteriuria n
bakteriomocz bakteriuria

bacteroid n
bakteroid
a symbiotic form of the nitrogen-fixing bacterium Rhizobia

baculite n
bakulit

baculum /ˈbæk.jə.ləm/ n
bakulum kość prącia
bone found in the penis of some mammals

bad /baːd/ /bæd/ /bæːd/ /bɛd/ /bɛəd/ adj
nieświeży zły
of breath: malodorous
uszkodzony wadliwy
faulty; not functional
zły
evil, wicked
not appropriate, of manners etc.
tricky; stressful; unpleasant
not suitable or fitting
zły kiepski
unfavorable; negative

bad debt n
nieściągalne należności nieściągalne wierzytelności
unrecoverable debt

bad faith n
zła wiara
intent to deceive or mislead

bad luck n
pech
misfortune

bad news n
zła wiadomość złe wieści
news of unpleasant, unfortunate or sad events

bad news travels fast proverb
złe wieści szybko się rozchodzą

bad things come in threes proverb
nieszczęścia chodzą parami
several unfortunate events usually occur together

bad trip n
bad trip
psychedelic crisis

bad weather n
psia pogoda pieska pogoda pogoda pod psem pogoda, że psa by nie wygnał
undesirable weather

bad-tempered adj
wybuchowy
having a bad temper

badass /bædˈæs/ /ˈbædæs/ /ˈbædˌæs/ adj
hardkorowy kozacki okrutny srogi zajebisty zarąbisty
having an extreme appearance, etc., considered admirable

badass /bædˈæs/ /ˈbædæs/ /ˈbædˌæs/ n
chojrak hardkor kozak sukinkot zabijaka
belligerent or mean person
hardkor kozak
person considered impressive

baddie /ˈbædi/ n
czarny charakter
a person of bad character in a work of fiction

badge /bæd͡ʒ/ n
odznaka blacha
distinctive mark

badge of honor n
odznaka honoru
an outward sign that signifies some distinction

badger /ˈbæd͡ʒə/ /ˈbæd͡ʒɚ/ n
borsuk jaźwiec
mammal

badly /ˈbæd.li/ adv
źle
in a bad manner

badly off adj
w trudnym położeniu źle sytuowany
In unfortunate circumstances

badminton /ˈbæd.mɪn.tən/ n
badminton
a racquet sport

badminton player n
badmintonista badmintonistka
a person who plays badminton

badness /ˈbæd.nəs/ n
niegodziwość
the quality of being bad

baffle /ˈbæfl̩/ v
wprawiać w zakłopotanie
to totally bewilder; confuse or perplex

baffled /ˈbæfl̩d/ adj
zdumiony
thoroughly confused, puzzled

bag /ˈbeɪɡ/ /ˈbæɡ/ /ˈbæːɡ/ /ˈbɛɡ/ n
babol babon babsko babsztyl babus
ugly woman
torba worek torebka
flexible container

bag of nerves n
kłębek nerwów
nervous person

bag valve mask n
ambu

bagatelle /ˌbæɡəˈtɛl/ n
bagatela
trifle
literature or music

bagatellize /ˈbæɡətɛlˌaɪz/ v
bagatelizować lekceważyć zbagatelizować zlekceważyć
regard as a bagatelle

bagel /ˈbeɪ.ɡəl/ /ˈbæɡ.əl/ /ˈbæɪ.ɡəl/ /ˈbɛɡl̩/ [ˈbeɪ.ɡl̩] [ˈbæɡ.l̩] [ˈbæɪ.ɡl̩] n
bajgiel bajgeł
toroidal bread roll that is boiled and then baked

baggage claim n
odbiór bagażu
designated location for receiving checked luggage

baggage handler n
bagażowy

bagpiper n
dudziarz kobziarz koziarz
one who plays the bagpipes

bagpipes /ˈbæɡ.pɑɪps/ n
dudy
musical wind instrument

baguette /bæˈɡɛt/ n
bagietka
a variety of bread that is long and narrow in shape

baht /bɑːt/ n
bat
unit of currency

baiji /ˈbaɪd͡ʒi/ n
baji chiński
freshwater dolphin

bail /beɪl/ [beə̯ɫ] [ˈbeɪ̯(ə)ɫ] n
czerpak
bucket or scoop
kaucja
security

bailiff /ˈbeɪlɪf/ n
komornik
equivalent officers of the court in foreign contexts

bailiwick /ˈbeɪ.lɪ.wɪk/ n
baliwat
precincts within which a bailiff has jurisdiction

bain-marie /ˌbænməˈriː/ n
bemar
pan containing hot water

bainite n
bainit

bait /beɪt/ n
przynęta
substance used in catching fish
przynęta wabik
anything which allures
trutka
poisoned food to kill pests

baize /beɪz/ n
baja
woollen cloth used for covering card tables etc.

bake /beɪk/ v
piec
to cook in an oven
wypalać
to dry by heat

baked /beɪkt/ adj
pieczony
cooked by baking

baked beans n
fasola w sosie pomidorowym
food

baked good n
pieczywo
baked item with flour as main ingredient

baker /ˈbeɪ.kə(ɹ)/ /ˈbeɪ.kɚ/ n
piekarz piekarka
person who bakes and sells bread, etc

bakery /ˈbeɪ.kə.ɹi/ /ˈbeɪk.ɹi/ n
piekarnia
a shop in which bread and such is baked and sold

baking powder n
proszek do pieczenia
dry leavening agent used in baking

baking soda n
soda oczyszczona soda
common name for sodium bicarbonate

baking tray n
blacha do pieczenia
oven-proof tray

baklava /bəˈklɑː.və/ /ˈbæk.lə.və/ /ˈbɑk.lə.və/ /ˈbɑk.ləˌvɑː/ n
baklawa baklava
sweet pastry

baksheesh /bækˈʃiːʃ/ n
bakczysz bakszysz
bribe or tip

balaclava /ˌbæl.əˈklɑː.və/ /ˌbɑː.ləˈklɑː.və/ n
kominiarka
headgear

balalaika /bæləˈlaɪkə/ n
bałałajka bałabajka
Russian instrument

balance /ˈbæləns/ n
balans
something of equal weight used to provide equilibrium
balans balansjer
device that regulates the speed of a watch
bilans
overall result of conflicting forces
bilans saldo
accounting: list of credits and debits
saldo bilans
difference between credit and debit of an account

balance /ˈbæləns/ v
balansować
to hold precariously
bilansować się zbilansować się
to have matching credits and debits
bilansować zbilansować
accounting: to make credits and debits correspond

balance beam n
balans równoważnia
gymnastics: narrow wooden rail

balance of power n
równowaga sił
situation of equilibrium

balance of trade n
bilans handlowy
difference between the monetary value of exports and imports in an economy over a certain period of time

balance sheet n
bilans
summary of assets, liabilities and equity

balance wheel n
balans balansjer
timepiece mechanism

balancer /ˈbæ.lən.sɚ/ n
balansista
acrobat

balano- prefix
balano-
relating to the glans

balata n
balata
latex
tree

balayage n
balejaż
cosmetics

balconic /ˈbælkənɪk/ adj
balkonowy
of or pertaining to balconies

balcony /bælˈkəʊni/ /ˈbælkəni/ n
balkon
structure extending from a building
structure overlooking a stage

balcony bra n
bardotka
half-cup bra

bald /bɑld/ /bɔld/ /bɔːld/ /bəʊld/ [bɒʊld] [bɔːɫd] adj
łysy
having no hair

bald cypress n
cypryśnik błotny
Taxodium distichum

bald eagle n
bielik amerykański
species of eagle native to North America

bald spot n
łysina
area on the head which has little or no hair

baldacchin /ˈbaldəkɪn/ /ˈbældəkɪn/ n
baldachim
canopy suspended over an altar or throne

balderdash /ˈbɔːldə.dæʃ/ n
ambaje
nonsense

baldish adj
łysawy
somewhat bald

baldmoney /ˈbɔːldˌmʌni/ n
wszewłoga górska
Meum athamanticum

baldness n
łysienie
condition or state of being (or becoming) bald

baldric /ˈbɔːldɹɪk/ [ˈbɔːɫdɹɪk] n
pendent
sword belt

baldy /ˈbɔːl.di/ n
łysek łysielec łysol
slang for someone who is bald

bale /beɪ̯l/ [beə̯ɫ] [ˈbeɪ̯(ə)ɫ] n
balot
rounded bundle of goods
bela
bundle of compressed wool or hay
measurement of paper

bale /beɪ̯l/ [beə̯ɫ] [ˈbeɪ̯(ə)ɫ] v
balotować belować
to wrap into a bale

baleen /bəˈliːn/ /ˈbeɪliːn/ n
fiszbin
plates in mouth of baleen whale

baleen whale n
fiszbinowiec
whale of the Mysticeti suborder

baleful /ˈbeɪl.fəl/ adj
złowieszczy
ominous

balk /bɑk/ /bɔk/ /bɔːk/ /bɔːlk/ n
bal dyl kloc
beam
miedza
an unplowed strip of land

ball /bɑl/ /bɔl/ /bɔːl/ n
jaja
in plural — slang — courage
mildly vulgar slang: nonsense
jaja jajo
testicle
kula
mathematics: set of points in a metric space lying within a given distance of a given point
ballistics: a solid nonexplosive missile
kula piłka
solid or hollow sphere
kłębek motek
quantity of string, thread, etc., wound into a spherical shape
piłka kula
object, generally spherical, used for playing games
bal piłka
formal dance

ball bearing n
łożysko kulkowe
bearing assembly with spherical balls

ball boy n
chłopiec do piłek
A male person responsible for retrieving balls

ball lightning n
piorun kulisty
a short-lived, glowing ball sometimes observed to float in the air

ball pit n
suchy basen
type of play area

ballad /ˈbæləd/ /ˈbælɪt/ n
ballada
narrative poem
slow romantic song

ballad /ˈbæləd/ /ˈbælɪt/ v
balladować
to compose or sing ballads

balladic adj
balladowy balladyczny

balladist n
balladysta balladzista balladzistka

balladlike adj
balladowy balladyczny

ballast /ˈbæl.əst/ n
balast
heavy material placed in the hold of a vessel
balast podsypka
material laid to form a bed for a road

ballast /ˈbæl.əst/ v
balastować
to stabilize a ship with ballast
to weigh down with a ballast

ballast resistor n
bareter
an electrical resistor whose resistance varies with the current passing through it

ballast tank n
balast

ballastless adj
bezbalastowy

ballerina /ˌbæləɹˈiːnə/ n
balerina baletnica
female ballet dancer

ballerino /ˌbæləɹˈiːnoʊ/ n
baletnik

ballet /bælˈeɪ/ /bælˈæɪ/ /bɐleː/ /bɐlɪː/ /bɛlˈæɪ/ /ˈbal.eɪ/ /ˈbal.ɪ/ /ˈbæl(ˌ)eɪ/ n
balet
form of dance
theatrical presentation
company of persons

ballet /bælˈeɪ/ /bælˈæɪ/ /bɐleː/ /bɐlɪː/ /bɛlˈæɪ/ /ˈbal.eɪ/ /ˈbal.ɪ/ /ˈbæl(ˌ)eɪ/ v
baletować

ballet flat n
balerina balerinka
type of shoe

ballet master n
baletmistrz baletmistrzyni

ballet shoe n
baletka

balletomane /bæˈlɛt.əˌmeɪn/ /bəˈlɛt.əˌmeɪn/ n
baletoman
a ballet enthusiast

balletomania n
baletomania

ballista /bəˈlɪstə/ n
balista
crossbow-like military engine for hurling large missiles

ballistic /bəˈlɪs.tɪk/ adj
balistyczny
relating to ballistics

ballistic missile n
pocisk balistyczny rakieta balistyczna
missile

ballistician n
balistyk

ballistics /bəˈlɪst.ɪks/ n
balistyka
science of the study of falling objects

ballistite /ˈbæl.əˌstaɪt/ n
balistyt

ballistocardiogram n
balistokardiogram

ballistocardiograph n
balistokardiograf

ballistocardiographic adj
balistokardiograficzny

ballistocardiography n
balistokardiografia

ballonet /baləˈnɛt/ /ˈbalənɛt/ n
balonet

balloon /bəˈlun/ /bəˈluːn/ n
balon
inflatable and buoyant object
child’s toy
inflatable object to transport people through the air
type of glass cup

balloon payment n
rata balonowa

ballooning /bəˈluːnɪŋ/ n
baloniarstwo
the sport or hobby of flying in a hot-air balloon

balloonish adj
baloniasty balonowaty

balloonist n
baloniarz
a person who flies in a (hot-air) balloon, balloons

balloonlike adj
baloniasty balonowaty

ballot /ˈbælət/ n
głosowanie balot balotaż
process of voting

ballot /ˈbælət/ v
balotować
to vote by ballot

ballotade n
balotada

ballpoint pen n
długopis
pen

ballroom /ˈbɔːlɹuːm/ /ˈbɔːlɹʊm/ n
sala balowa
large room used for dancing

ballroom dancing n
taniec towarzyski
a style of dancing

balls /bɔːlz/ n
jaja
slang for masculinity, inclusive of strength, courage, and force of will
slang for testicles

balneo- prefix
balneo-

balneological adj
balneologiczny

balneologist n
balneolog

balneology n
balneologia
study of baths and bathing

balneotherapeutic adj
balneoterapeutyczny

balneotherapy n
balneoterapia
treatment of disease by bathing

baloney /bəˈloʊni/ /bəˈləʊni/ n
nonsens
nonsense

balrog /ˈbal.ɹɒɡ/ /ˈbæl.ɹɑɡ/ /ˈbɑl.ɹɑɡ/ /ˈbɔl.ɹɑɡ/ /ˈbɔːl.ɹɒɡ/ n
balrog
fiery demonic creature

balsa /ˈbæl.sə/ /ˈbɑlsə/ /ˈbɔːl.sə/ n
balsa
a tree
wood

balsam /ˈbɔːlsəm/ n
balsam
soothing ointment
sweet-smelling oil or resin derived from some plants
figurative: something soothing
niecierpek
flowering plant of the genus Impatiens

balsam fir n
jodła balsamiczna
Abies balsamea

balsam of Peru n
balsam peruwiański

balsamic /ˌbɔːlˈsæmɪk/ adj
balsamiczny
having the pleasant odour of balsam
soothing, restorative

balsamic vinegar n
ocet balsamiczny
a dark, sweet vinegar, made from reduced white wine

balsamically adv
balsamicznie

baluster /ˈbæl.ʌ.stɹ/ n
balas tralka balasek balaska
banister

balustrade /ˈbæl.ə.stɹeɪd/ /ˌbæl.əˈstɹeɪd/ n
balustrada
row of balusters

bam /bæm/ interjection
bach
sound of a forceful blow

bamboo /bæmˈbu/ adj
bambus
made of bamboo

bamboo /bæmˈbu/ n
bambus
plant
wood

bamboo antshrike n
zebrzak czubaty
a passerine bird

bamboo shoot n
pęd bambusa
edible part of some bamboo types

bamboozle /bæm.ˈbuː.zl̩/ v
napuszczać napuścić wrabiać wrobić wykiwać
to con, defraud, trick

ban /bæn/ [beən] [bɛən] n
zakaz ban
prohibition
ban
a subdivision of currency
title used in several states in central and south-eastern Europe

ban /bæn/ [beən] [bɛən] v
zabraniać zakazywać zabronić zakazać banować zbanować
forbid

banal /bəˈnæl/ /bəˈnɑːl/ /ˈbeɪnəl/ adj
banalny
common

banalisation n
banalizacja
the action of making something banal

banality /beɪˈnælɪti/ /bəˈnælɪti/ n
banalność
quality of being banal
banalność banał
something which is banal

banalize v
banalizować zbanalizować
to make banal

banally adv
banalnie
in a banal manner

banana /bəˈnæ.nə/ /bəˈnɑː.nə/ n
banan
fruit
banan bananowiec
plant
bananowy
colour

banana boat n
banan
boat meant for towing, often yellow and banana-shaped
bananowiec
ship for transporting bananas

banana peel n
skórka od banana
outermost layer of the banana

banana republic n
republika bananowa
country

bananaless adj
bez banana

bananalike adj
bananowaty

bananaquit n
cukrzyk
Coereba flaveola

bananery /bə.ˈnɑːn.ə.ɹi/ n
bananownia

band /bænd/ [beənd] n
grzbiet
strip along the spine of a book where the pages are attached
pasmo
part of radio spectrum
taśma
strip of material wrapped around things to hold them together
banda
group of people loosely united for a common purpose
zespół
group of musicians

band-aid /ˈbændeɪd/ n
plaster przylepiec
adhesive bandage

bandage /ˈbændɪd͡ʒ/ n
bandaż
medical binding made with strip of gauze or similar

bandage /ˈbændɪd͡ʒ/ v
bandażować obandażować zabandażować
to apply a bandage to something

bandana /bænˈdæn.ə/ n
bandana
large kerchief

bandeau /ˈbandəʊ/ /ˈbændəʊ/ n
bandeau
bra

banderilla /ˌbæn.də.ˈɹiː.jə/ n
banderilla
decorated barbed stick used in bullfighting

banderole n
banderola chorągiewka
a little flag
banderola filakteria
in architecture

bandicoot /ˈbændiˌkut/ /ˈbændɪˌkuːt/ n
jamraj
marsupial of the genus Peramelidae

bandit /ˈbændɪt/ n
bandyta bandytka rozbójniczka rozbójnik
one who robs others

banditry n
bandyctwo bandytyzm
acts characteristic of a bandit

bandmaster n
dyrygent dyrygentka kapelmistrz
the conductor of a band

bandog /ˈbandɒɡ/ n
bandog
American pit bull terrior and Neapolitan mastiff cross

bandoneon n
bandoneon
accordion

bandstand /ˈbænd.stænd/ n
estrada
platform for bands to play on

bandura /bænˈduɹə/ /bænˈdʊəɹə/ n
bandura
Ukrainian plucked stringed instrument

bandurist n
bandurzysta bandurzystka

bandwagon /ˈbændˌwæɡ.ən/ n
platforma
Large wagon to carry a band

bandwagon effect n
owczy pęd
bandwagon effect

bandwidth /ˈbændwɪdθ/ /ˈbændwɪtθ/ n
przepustowość
measure of data flow rate in digital networks
width of a frequency band
width of the smallest frequency band within which the signal can fit

bandy /ˈbændi/ adj
krzywonogi szpotawy
bowlegged

bandy /ˈbændi/ n
bandy
winter sport played on ice

baneberry n
czerniec
plant

baneful adj
zgubny
Exceedingly harmful

bang /bæŋ(ɡ)/ n
huk trzask łoskot
a sudden percussive noise
wybuch
an explosion
wykrzyknik
the symbol !

bang one's head against a brick wall v
walić głową w mur walić głową w ścianę
to waste effort on a futile project

bangs /bæŋ(ɡ)z/ n
grzywka
hair that hangs down over the forehead

banish /ˈbænɪʃ/ v
wyganiać wygnać banitować wygonić wypędzać wypędzić
to send someone away and forbid that person from returning

banishee n
banita banitka

banishment /ˈbænɪʃmənt/ n
banicja wygnanie
The state of being banished, exile
wygnanie banicja
The act of banishing

banister /ˈbænɪstɚ/ n
poręcz
the handrail on the side of a staircase

banjo /ˈbæn.dʒəʊ/ /ˈbæn.d͡ʒoʊ/ n
banjo bandżo
a musical instrument

bank /bæŋk/ [beɪŋk] n
bank
institution
branch office
storage for important goods
gambling: banker's funds
fund of pieces to draw from
controller of a card game
brzeg
edge of river or lake

bank account n
konto bankowe rachunek bankowy
fund deposited by a customer for safekeeping in a bank

bank money n
pieniądz bankowy pieniądz banku

bank run n
panika bankowa
mass withdrawal of bank deposits

bank statement n
wyciąg bankowy
statement of transactions and balances

bankbook /ˈbæŋkˌbʊk/ n
książeczka oszczędnościowa
booklet used to record bank transactions

banker /ˈbæŋkə(ɹ)/ /ˈbæŋkɚ/ n
bankier bankierka
one who conducts the business of banking

banker's acceptance n
akcept bankierski akcept bankowy weksel z akceptem

bankerdom n
bankierstwo

banking /ˈbæŋkɪŋ/ n
bankowość
business
occupation

banknote n
banknot
paper or polymer currency

bankrupt /ˈbæŋ.kɹəpt/ /ˈbæŋ.kɹʌpt/ /ˈbæŋk.ɹəpt/ /ˈbæŋk.ɹʌpt/ adj
zbankrutowany
having been legally declared insolvent

bankrupt /ˈbæŋ.kɹəpt/ /ˈbæŋ.kɹʌpt/ /ˈbæŋk.ɹəpt/ /ˈbæŋk.ɹʌpt/ n
bankrut bankrutka
insolvent person

bankruptcy /ˈbæŋk.ɹʌp(t).si/ n
bankructwo upadłość plajta niewypłacalność
legally declared or recognised condition of insolvency

banksia /ˈbæŋksɪə/ n
banksja

bankster /ˈbæŋkstə/ n
bankster

banner /ˈbænə/ /ˈbænɚ/ /ˈbæːnə/ adj
znakomity
exceptional; very good

banner /ˈbænə/ /ˈbænɚ/ /ˈbæːnə/ n
baner banner
advertisement on a web page
flaga sztandar
flag
sztandar transparent
large piece of cloth with a slogan or emblem carried in a demonstration or other procession
transparent
large sign

banns /bænz/ n
zapowiedzi
announcement of a forthcoming marriage

banovina n
banowina

banquet /ˈ bænkwɪt/ /ˈ bæŋkwɪt/ /ˈ bæŋkɪt/ n
bankiet biesiada
large celebratory meal

banquet /ˈ bænkwɪt/ /ˈ bæŋkwɪt/ /ˈ bæŋkɪt/ v
bankietować
to participate in a banquet

banqueteer n
bankietowicz bankietowiczka biesiadniczka biesiadnik

banshee /bænˈʃiː/ /ˈbænʃiː/ n
szyszymora
in Irish folklore, a female spirit

bantamweight n
waga kogucia
weight in sports

banter /ˈbæntə/ /ˈbæntɚ/ n
przekomarzanie się
good humoured conversation

banter /ˈbæntə/ /ˈbæntɚ/ v
przekomarzać się
to engage in banter
to tease mildly
robić psikus zrobić psikus
to play or do something amusing

bantustan /ˈbæntuˌstæn/ /ˈbɑntuˌstɑn/ /ˌbantuːˈstan/ /ˌbantuːˈstɑːn/ /ˌbæntuˈstæn/ /ˌbɑntuˈstɑn/ n
bantustan
territory defined as a homeland for black South Africans

banya /ˈbɑːnjə/ n
bania
a Russian steam bath

banyan /ˈbæn.jən/ n
banian figowiec bengalski
tropical Indian fig tree

baobab /ˈbaʊbæb/ /ˈbeɪoʊˌbæb/ /ˈbeɪə(ʊ)bab/ n
baobab
Adansonia digitata

baptism /ˈbæptɪzəm/ n
chrzest
Christian sacrament

baptism of desire n
chrzest pragnienia
the grace given to a believer who ardently desires baptism, but dies before being able to receive it

baptismal font /bæpˈtɪzməl ˈfɑnt/ n
chrzcielnica baptysterium
a basin used for baptism

baptismal name n
imię chrzcielne
name given at christening

baptistry n
baptysterium
space where a baptismal font is located

baptize /ˈbæptaɪz/ v
chrzcić
to perform the Christian sacrament of baptism

bar /baː/ /bɑɹ/ /bɑː/ [bɑɹ] [bɑ˞] n
adwokatura palestra
law: collective term for lawyers
law: profession of lawyers
bar
counter of such premises
bar knajpa gospoda piwiarnia
business licensed to sell intoxicating beverages
bar
unit of pressure

bar line n
kreska taktowa
vertical line across a staff

bar mitzvah /ˌbɑː(ɹ)ˈmɪts.və/ n
bar micwa
Jewish coming of age ceremony for boys

bar-crested antshrike n
chronka pasiasta
a passerine bird of the antbird family

bar-headed goose n
gęś tybetańska
Anser indicus

bar-tailed godwit n
szlamnik szlamnik rdzawy
bar-tailed godwit

barbarian /bɑɹ.ˈbɛəɹ.i.ən/ /bɑː(ɹ).ˈbɛə.ɹi.ən/ adj
barbarzyński
uncivilized

barbarian /bɑɹ.ˈbɛəɹ.i.ən/ /bɑː(ɹ).ˈbɛə.ɹi.ən/ n
barbarzyńca
derogatory term for someone from a developing country
a cruel, savage, brutal person; one without pity or humanity
a non-Greek or a non-Roman
barbarzyńca barbarzynka
uncivilized person

barbaric /bɑː(ɹ)ˈbæɹɪk/ /bɑː(ɹ)ˈbɛɹɪk/ adj
barbarzyński
uncivilised

barbarically adv
barbarzyńsko

barbarisation n
barbaryzacja

barbarism /ˈbɑɹbəˈɹɪzm̩/ /ˈbɑː(ɹ)bəɹɪz(ə)m/ n
barbaryzm
error in language use

barbarity /bɑː(ɹ)ˈbæɹɪti/ n
barbarzyństwo
state of being barbarous

barbarize /ˈbɑː(ɹ)bəɹaɪz/ v
barbaryzować się
to adopt a foreign or barbarous mode of speech
to become savave
barbaryzować zbarbaryzować
to cause to become savage

barbarously adv
barbarzyńsko

barbarousness n
barbarzyńskość
state or quality of being barbarous

barbecue /ˈbɑɹbɪˌkju/ /ˈbɑːbɪˌkjuː/ n
grill barbecue ruszt
cooking instrument
grill grillowanie barbecue
meal

barbecue /ˈbɑɹbɪˌkju/ /ˈbɑːbɪˌkjuː/ v
grillować
to cook food on a barbecue

barbecue sauce /- sɔːs/ /ˈbɑːbɪkjuː sɔːs/ /ˈbɑːɹbəkjuː sɑːs/ n
barbecue sos barbecue
type of sauce

barbed wire /bɑɹbd waɪəɹ/ [ˈbɑɹbd ˈwa.jɚ] n
drut kolczasty
twisted strands of steel wire

barbel /ˈbɑːbəl/ n
brzana
fish

barbell n
sztanga
wide steel bar with premeasured weights

barber /ˈbɑɹ.bɚ/ /ˈbɑː.bə/ n
fryzjer golibroda balwierz golarz fryzjerka balwierka
person whose profession is cutting (usually male) customers' hair and beards

barber surgeon n
balwierz cyrulik
medical practitioner

barberry /ˈbɑɹbɛɹi/ n
berberys kwaśnica
Berberis

barbershop n
zakład fryzjerski
barber’s shop

barbican /ˈbɑː(ɹ)bɪkən/ n
barbakan rondel
A tower at the entrance to a castle or fortified town

barbiturate /ˌbɑɹbɪˈt(j)ʊəɹeɪt/ /ˌbɑɹbɪˈt(j)ʊəɹɪt/ /ˌbɑɹˈbɪt(j)u.ɪt/ /ˌbɑɹˈbɪt͡ʃu.ɪt/ /ˌbɑː(ɹ)ˈbɪt͡ʃəɹeɪt/ /ˌbɑː(ɹ)ˈbɪt͡ʃəɹɪt/ n
barbituran
derivative of barbituric acid that acts as a depressant of the central nervous system
barbiturat
salt or ester of barbituric acid

barbituric adj
barbiturowy
barbituric

barbituric acid /ˌbɑɹ.bɪˌt(j)ʊɹ.ɪk ˈæs.ɪd/ /ˌbɑː.bɪˌtjʊə.ɹɪk ˈas.ɪd/ /ˌbɑː.bɪˌt͡ʃʊə.ɹɪk ˈas.ɪd/ n
kwas barbiturowy
heterocyclic compound

barcarole /ˈbɑɹkəˌɹoʊl/ /ˈbɑːkəɹəʊl/ /ˌbɑːkəˈɹəʊl/ n
barkarola
Venetian folk song
piece of music composed in imitation of such a song

barchan /bɑː(ɹ)ˈkɑːn/ /bɑː(ɹ)ˈxɑːn/ n
barchan
arc-shaped sand ridge

barcode /ˈbɑː(ɹ)kəʊd/ n
kod kreskowy kod paskowy
set of machine-readable parallel bars

barcode reader n
skaner kodów kreskowych
electronic device

bard /bɑɹd/ /bɑːd/ n
bard
professional poet and singer

bardiche /bɑː(ɹ)ˈdiːʃ/ /ˈbɑː(ɹ)diːʃ/ n
berdysz
weapon

bardo /ˈbɑɹdoʊ/ /ˈbɑːdəʊ/ n
bardo
state of existence between death and subsequent reincarnation

bare one's teeth v
szczerzyć
(figuratively) to show aggression

bareback /ˈbɛəbæk/ /ˈbɛɚbæk/ adv
na oklep
without a saddle

barefoot /ˈbæɹfʊt/ /ˈbɑːɹfʊt/ /ˈbɛəfʊt/ /ˈbɛɹfʊt/ adj
bosy
wearing nothing on the feet

barefoot /ˈbæɹfʊt/ /ˈbɑːɹfʊt/ /ˈbɛəfʊt/ /ˈbɛɹfʊt/ adv
boso na bosaka
wearing nothing on the feet

barely /ˈbɛə(ɹ).li/ /ˈbɛɹ.li/ adv
ledwo ledwie
almost not at all
ledwo ledwie tylko
by a small margin

barfly /bɑɹflaɪ/ /bɑːflaɪ/ n
ćma barowa
person who spends much time in a bar

bargain /-ɡɪn/ /ˈbɑːɡən/ /ˈbɑːɹɡən/ n
okazja
item bought at a low price

bargaining chip n
karta atutowa karta przetargowa
leverage at negotiations

bargaining power n
pozycja przetargowa siła przetargowa

barge /bɑɹd͡ʒ/ /bɑːd͡ʒ/ n
barka
coastal trading vessel
barka tratwa
flat-bottomed bulk carrier mainly for inland waters
szalupa
one of the boats of a warship having fourteen oars

bariatric /ˌbæɹiˈætɹɪk/ adj
bariatryczny
referring to bariatrics

bariatrician /bæɹi.əˈtɹɪʃən/ /bɛɹi.əˈtɹɪʃən/ n
bariatra
a specialist in bariatrics

bariatrics n
bariatria

baric /ˈbæɹɪk/ adj
baryczny

baric /ˈbæɹɪk/ /ˈbɛəɹɪk/ adj
barowy

barista /baˈɹi.sta/ /baˈɾi.sta/ /bəˈɹiː.stə/ /bəˈɹɪ.stə/ /bɚˈi.stə/ /bɚˈɪ.stə/ n
barista baristka
person who prepares coffee in a coffee shop for customers

barite n
baryt
mineral

baritone /ˈbæɹ.ɪ.toʊn/ /ˈbɛɹ.ɪ.toʊn/ n
baryton
male voice
musical range
person, instrument or group

baritone saxophone n
saksofon barytonowy
brass instrument

barium /ˈbɛəɹɪəm/ n
bar
chemical element

bark /bɑɹk/ /bɑːk/ n
szczekanie
short, loud, explosive utterance
kora łub
exterior covering of a tree

bark /bɑɹk/ /bɑːk/ v
szczekać
to make a loud noise (dogs)

bark beetle n
kornik

bark up the wrong tree v
skupiać się na złej sprawie
bark up the wrong tree

barking dogs seldom bite proverb
krowa, która dużo ryczy, mało mleka daje pies, co bardzo szczeka, nie bardzo kąsa
people who make threats rarely carry them out

barkless adj
bez kory
without tree covering

barley /ˈbɑɹli/ /ˈbɑːli/ n
jęczmień
Hordeum vulgare or its grains

barmaid /ˈbɑː(ɹ).meɪd/ n
barmanka
woman who serves in a bar

barn /bɑrn/ [baɾn] [baːn] [bɐːn] [bɑɹn] [bɑɻn] [bɑːn] [bɒən] n
barn
unit
stodoła
building

barn door n
drzwi stodoły
door of a barn

barn owl /ˈbɑɹn ˌaʊəl/ /ˈbɑːn ˌaʊl/ n
płomykówka
Tyto alba

barn swallow n
dymówka
species of swallow

barnacle /ˈbɑɹnəkl̩/ /ˈbɑːnəkl̩/ n
wąsonóg
marine crustacean

baro- prefix
baro-

barocyclonometer n
barocyklonometr

barogram n
barogram

barograph n
barograf

barometer /bəˈɹɑ.mə.tɚ/ /bəˈɹɒm.ɪ.tə(ɹ)/ /bəˈɹɔm.ɪ.tə(ɹ)/ [bəˈɹɑ.mə.ɾɚ] [bəˈɹɔm.ɪ.ɾə(ɹ)] n
barometr
an instrument for measuring atmospheric pressure
barometr wskaźnik
anything used as a gauge or indicator

barometric /ˌbæɹəˈmɛtɹɪk/ adj
barometryczny
of or pertaining to atmospheric pressure
relating to a barometer

baron /ˈbæɹən/ /ˈbɛəɹən/ n
baron
male ruler of a barony
person of power and influence

baroness /ˌbæ.ɹəˈnɛs/ n
baronessa
female ruler of a barony
baronowa
the wife of a baron

baronet /bæɹə.ˈnɛt/ n
baronet
bearer of hereditary title

baronetcy n
baronat baronostwo baroństwo
the rank of a baronet

baronial /bəˈɹəʊnɪəɫ/ adj
baronowski baroński
belonging or relating to a baron

barony /ˈbæ.ɹə.ni/ n
baronia
a dominion ruled by a baron or baroness

baroque /bæˈɹɒk/ /bəˈɹoʊk/ adj
barokowy
embellished

baroquely adv
barokowo

baroqueness n
barok barokowość

baroreceptor n
baroreceptor
blood pressure-sensitive nerve ending

barostat n
barostat

barque /bɑɹk/ /bɑːk/ n
bark
sailing vessel, all masts but sternmost square-rigged

barquentine n
barkentyna
sailing vessel

barrack /ˈbeɹ.ək/ /ˈbæɹ.ək/ /ˈbɛɹ.ək/ n
barak
simple, low structure
koszary
a building for soldiers

barracuda /ˌbæɹəˈkuːdə/ n
barakuda
marine fish

barrage /bəˈɹɑːʒ/ /ˈbæɹɑːdʒ/ /ˈbæɹɑːʒ/ /ˈbæɹɪdʒ/ n
grobla zapora
artificial obstruction, such as a dam, in a river
lawina
overwhelming outburst of words
ogień zaporowy
heavy curtain of artillery fire

barrator /ˈbæɹətɚ/ n
pieniacz pieniaczka
one who is guilty of barratry

barratry /ˈbæɹətɹi/ n
barateria
unlawful or fraudulent acts by the crew of a vessel, harming the vessel's owner
pieniactwo
persistant instigation of typically groundless lawsuits

barre chord n
chwyt barowy
a guitar chord

barred warbler n
jarzębatka
Sylvia nisoria

barrel /ˈbæɹ(ə)l/ /ˈbæɹəl/ /ˈbæɹəɫ/ /ˈbɛɚəl/ [ˈbæɹəɫ] [ˈbɛɚəɫ] n
baryłka
quantity
beczka baryłka
round vessel made from staves bound with a hoop
lufa
metallic tube of a gun

barrel knot n
węzeł baryłkowy

barrel of laughs n
beczka śmiechu

barrel organ n
katarynka
pipe instrument with air controlled pins in a revolving barrel

barrel organist n
kataryniarz
someone who plays a barrel organ

barrel roll n
beczka
aerobatic maneuver

barrelful n
beczka
as much as a barrel will hold

barrellike adj
baryłkowaty baryłkowy beczkowaty beczkowy

barren /ˈbæɹən/ adj
bezpłodny jałowy
infertile
unproductive
bezpłodny niepłodny
unable to bear children; sterile

barren /ˈbæɹən/ n
pustkowie
area of low fertility and habitation, a desolate place

barrenly adv
bezpłodnie

barrenness n
bezpłodność
barren; not supporting life

barricade /ˌbæɹɪˈkeɪd/ /ˌbɛɹɪˈkeɪd/ n
barykada
a barrier constructed across a road, especially as a military defence
an obstacle, barrier or bulwark

barricade /ˌbæɹɪˈkeɪd/ /ˌbɛɹɪˈkeɪd/ v
barykadować zabarykadować
to close or block a road etc., using a barricade
to keep someone in (or out), using a blockade, especially ships in a port

barrier /ˈbæɹi.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈbæɹi.ɚ/ /ˈbɛɹi.ɚ/ n
bariera
boundary or limit
bariera barierka
structure that bars passage
bariera przeszkoda
obstacle or impediment

barrier reef n
rafa barierowa
reef separated from the adjacent coast

barrier to entry n
próg wejścia
an impediment to use or application
literally

barrierless adj
bezbarierowy

barrierlessness n
brak barier

barrister /ˈbæɹ.ɪst.ə(ɹ)/ n
adwokat adwokatka
lawyer with the right to speak as an advocate in higher lawcourts

barrow /ˈbæ.ɹəʊ/ /ˈbæɹ.oʊ/ /ˈbɛɚ.oʊ/ /ˈbɛɹ.oʊ/ n
kopiec kurhan
mound of earth and stones raised over a grave
taczka taczki
small vehicle used to carry a load and pulled or pushed by hand
kastrowany wieprz
castrated boar

bars /ˈbɑː(ɹ)z/ n
krata
grating, grill, grid

bartender /ˈbɑɹˌtɛndɚ/ /ˈbɑːˌtɛndə(ɹ)/ n
barman barmanka
person who works in a bar

barter /ˈbɑɹtɚ/ /ˈbɑː(ɹ)tə(ɹ)/ [ˈbɑɹɾɚ] n
barter
exchange of goods or services

bary- prefix
bary-

barycenter n
barycentrum środek ciężkości
physics: center of a mass

barycentric adj
barycentryczny
of or pertaining to a center of gravity

baryon /ˈbæɹiɒn/ /ˈbɛəɹiɒn/ n
barion
heavy subatomic particle

baryonic adj
barionowy
of or pertaining to baryons

barysphere n
barysfera

bas-relief /ˈbæs.ɹɪˌlif/ /ˈbæs.ɹɪˌliːf/ /ˈbɑ.ɹɪˌlif/ /ˈbɑs.ɹɪˌliːf/ /ˈbɑː.ɹɪˌliːf/ /ˌbæs.ɹɪˈlif/ /ˌbɑ.ɹɪˈlif/ n
płaskorzeźba
a low or mostly-flat sculpture

basalt /bəˈsɑlt/ /bəˈsɔlt/ /ˈbeɪˌsɑlt/ /ˈbeɪˌsɔlt/ /ˈbæs.ɑlt/ /ˈbæs.ɒlt/ /ˈbæs.ɔlt/ /ˈbæs.ɔːlt/ /ˈbæs.əlt/ n
bazalt
hard rock

basaltic adj
bazaltowy
relating to basalt

basanite n
bazanit

basanitic adj
bazanitowy

bascinet /ˈbæsɪˌnɛt/ /ˌbæsɪˈnɛt/ n
przyłbica
light helmet

bascule bridge n
most zwodzony
type of movable bridge

base /beɪs/ /beːs/ n
baza
starting point of thought
linguistics: morpheme that serves as foundation on which affixes can be attached
lowermost part of a column
topology: set of sets from which a topology is derived
baza podstawa fundament
something from which other things extend
baza zasada
permanent structure for housing military
baseball: one of the three places that a runner can stand in safety
electronics: controlling terminal of a transistor
headquarters
podstawa
math: number raised to the power of an exponent
zasada
chemical compound that will neutralize an acid
geometry: lowest side or face

base /beɪs/ /beːs/ v
bazować
have as its foundation or starting point
be located

base anhydride n
bezwodnik zasadowy

base camp n
obóz bazowy
encampment used for preparing for a larger activity

base note n
nuta bazowa
The heavily volatile and thus most-lasting parts of a perfume, often of ligneous, resinous or animalic nature

base pair n
para zasad
molecular biology: two nucleotides on opposite complementary DNA or RNA strands

base station n
stacja bazowa
networking

baseball /ˈbeɪs.bɑl/ /ˈbeɪs.bɔl/ /ˈbeɪs.bɔːl/ n
baseball bejsbol
ball game

baseball bat n
baseball bejsbol
device which is swung to try to make contact with baseballs

baseball cap /ˈbeɪs.bɑl ˌkæp/ /ˈbeɪs.bɔl ˌkæp/ /ˈbeɪs.bɔːl ˌkæp/ n
baseballówka bejsbolówka
cap

baseball player n
baseballista bejsbolista
a person who plays baseball

baseboard n
cokolik
similar panel at the base of piece of furniture

based /beɪst/ adj
baza
not caring what others think about oneself

baselessly adv
bezpodstawnie bezzasadnie niesłusznie

baselessness n
bezpodstawność bezzasadność

basement /ˈbeɪsmənt/ n
piwnica suterena suteryna
floor below ground level

baseword n
podstawa słowotwórcza
a word to which affixes can be added to form new words

bash /bæʃ/ n
biba
gala

bashi-bazouk /bæʃɪbəˈzuːk/ n
baszybuzuk
irregular soldier of the Ottoman army

bashlyk /ˈbæʃ.lɪk/ n
baszłyk
protective cone-shaped hood

basic /ˈbeɪsɪk/ adj
podstawowy
necessary, essential for life or some process
podstawowy fundamentalny
elementary, simple, merely functional
zasadowy
chemistry: of a base

basic research n
badania podstawowe
type of research

basidiospore n
bazydiospora
a sexually reproductive spore produced by fungi of the phylum Basidiomycota

basidium /bəˈsɪdɪəm/ n
podstawka
small club shaped structure

basil /ˈbeɪ.zəl/ /ˈbæz.əl/ n
bazylia
herb
plant

basilica /bəˈsɪlɪkə/ n
bazylika
Christian church building having a nave

basilican adj
bazylikowy
of or resembling a basilica

basilisk /ˈbæs.ɪ.lɪsk/ /ˈbæz.ɪ.lɪsk/ n
bazyliszek
snake-like dragon type
type of lizard (genus Basiliscus)

basin /ˈbeɪs(ə)n/ n
basen
area of land that drains into a common outlet
umywalka
wide bowl for washing

basis /ˈbeɪ.sɪs/ /ˈbæɪ.sɪs/ n
podstawa
starting point for an argument

basis point n
punkt bazowy
one hundredth of one percentage point

basket /ˈbaːskət/ /ˈbæskət/ /ˈbæskɪt/ /ˈbɑːskɪt/ n
kosz koszyk
container
basketball: hoop from which a net is suspended
basketball: act of putting the ball through the basket
koszyk
notional place to store items before ordering them online

basket case n
kłębek nerwów
one made powerless or ineffective, as by nerves, panic or stress

basketball /ˈbæs.kɪt.bɑl/ /ˈbæs.kɪt.bɔl/ /ˈbɑːs.kɪt.bɔːl/ n
koszykówka piłka koszykowa kosz
the sport
piłka koszykowa piłka do koszykówki
the ball used in the sport

basketball player n
koszykarz koszykarka
person who plays basketball

basketmaker n
koszykarka koszykarz
person who weaves baskets

basking shark n
długoszpar rekin olbrzymi
Cetorhinus maximus

basque /bæsk/ /bɑːsk/ n
baskina baskinka
corset

bass /beɪs/ adj
basowy
low in pitch

bass /beɪs/ n
bas
singer
low spectrum of sound
musical instrument
section of musical group
klucz basowy
clef sign

bass /bæs/ n
okoń bass

bass /beɪs/ v
basować
sound in a deep tone

bass clarinet n
klarnet basowy
bass instrument in the clarinet family

bass clef /ˈbeɪsklɛf/ n
klucz basowy
music symbol

bass drum /ˈbeɪsˌdɹʌm/ n
bęben wielki
large drum with a low pitch

bass guitar /ˈbeɪsɡɪˈtɑːɹ/ n
gitara basowa bas
stringed musical instrument

basset horn n
rożek basetowy
alto instrument of the clarinet family

bassist /ˈbeɪs.ɪst/ n
basista basistka
musician

bassline /ˈbeɪsˌlaɪn/ n
bassline linia basowa

bassoon /bəˈsun/ /bəˈsuːn/ n
fagot
musical instrument in the woodwind family

bassoonist n
fagocista fagocistka
person who plays the bassoon

basswood /ˈbæswʊd/ n
lipa
linden tree

bast /bæst/ /bɑːst/ n
łyko
fibre made from the phloem of certain plants

basta /ˈbɑstɑ/ interjection
basta
that's enough, stop

bastard /ˈbæs.tɚd/ /ˈbɑːs.təd/ n
bastard krzyżówka mieszaniec
mongrel
bękart bastard
person born to unmarried parents
sukinsyn skurwiel skurwysyn bydlak bydlę cham
contemptible etc. person

bastardization n
bastardyzacja
the creation of offspring from two different species; cross-breeding

bastion /ˈbæsti.ən/ /ˈbæst͡ʃən/ n
bastion
projecting part of a rampart
person who strongly defends some principle
well-fortified position

bastonade v
bastonada

bat /bæt/ n
bijak kij
club used for striking the ball in sports
nietoperz
small flying mammal

bat house n
domek dla nietoperzy
nest box for bats

bat mitzvah /bɑt ˈmɪtsvə/ n
bat micwa
Jewish coming of age ceremony for a girl

bat-eared fox n
otocjon
Otocyon megalotis

batch /bæt͡ʃ/ n
partia
quantity of baked goods made at one time
partia wsad
quantity of anything produced in one operation
stos
computing

bate /beɪt/ v
bejcować zabejcować
to soak leather

bateau /bæˈtoʊ/ n
bat
type of boat

bath /bæθ/ /bɐːθ/ /bɑːθ/ [baθ~bæθ] [bæθ~bɛəθ~beəθ] [bɑːt̪] [bɑːt̪ʰ] [bɑːθ] n
kąpiel
act of bathing
wanna kąpiel
tub
łazienka kąpiel
building or area where bathing occurs

bath /bæθ/ /bɐːθ/ /bɑːθ/ [baθ~bæθ] [bæθ~bɛəθ~beəθ] [bɑːt̪] [bɑːt̪ʰ] [bɑːθ] v
kąpać wykąpać
To wash a person or animal in a bath

bath mat n
mata łazienkowa
mat used next to a bathtub

bath salt n
sól do kąpieli
inorganic salt

bathe /beɪð/ v
kąpać
to clean a person by immersion in water
to clean oneself with water
to cover or surround

bathhouse n
przebieralnia szatnia
a building where swimmers change clothes
łaźnia
a building with baths for communal use

bathkeeper n
właściciel łaźni publicznej
keeper of a public bath

batho- prefix
bato- baty-

batholith n
batolit

batholithic adj
batolitowy

bathometer n
batometr batymetr
instrument

bathophobia /ˌbæθəˈfəʊbiə/ n
batofobia
fear of depths

bathrobe /ˈbæθ.ɹoʊb/ /ˈbɑːθ.ɹəʊb/ n
szlafrok podomka
terrycloth robe

bathroom /ˈbæθ.ɹuːm/ /ˈbæθɹʊm/ /ˈbæθˌɹum/ /ˈbɑːθ.ɹuːm/ n
łazienka
a room with a bathtub

bathroom scales n
waga łazienkowa
flat floor-mounted scales

bathtub /ˈbæθtʊb/ /ˈbæθtʌb/ /ˈbɑːθtʌb/ n
wanna
large container in which a person may bathe

bathyal adj
batialny

bathymetric adj
batymetryczny
of, pertaining to, or derived from bathymetry

bathymetry /bəˈθɪm.ə.tɹi/ n
batymetria
the measurement of the depths of the seas

bathypelagic adj
batypelagial
of or pertaining to the ocean between 1000 and 4000 meters deep

bathyphotometer n
batyfotometr

bathyscaphe /ˈbæθɪˌskeɪv/ /ˈbæθɪˌskæf/ n
batyskaf
self-propelled deep-sea submersible

bathysphere /ˈbæθɪˌsfɪə(ɹ)/ n
batysfera
diving chamber

batik /bəˈtiːk/ n
batik
A method of dyeing fabric

batik /bəˈtiːk/ v
batikować
to dye fabric using the wax-resist method

batiste /bəˈtiːst/ n
batyst
fine cloth

batman /ˈbæt.mən/ n
ordynans
servant to an army officer

batmeat n
mięso nietoperza

baton /bəˈtɑn/ /ˈbætn̩/ /ˈbætɒn/ /ˈbætən/ n
batuta
music: conductor's stick
pałeczka
sports: object transferred by relay runners
pałka
military staff of office
club of the police

battalion /bəˈtælɪən/ n
batalion baon
army unit

batten /ˈbæt(ə)n/ /ˈbætən/ [-ɾən] n
bidło
movable bar of a loom
listwa
long, narrow strip used for various purposes aboard a ship
listwa łata
plank or strip of wood, or several of such strips arranged side by side, used in construction to hold members of a structure together, etc.
sztankiet
long bar affixed to the ceiling or fly system and used to support curtains, etc.

batter /ˈbætəɹ/ /ˈbætɚ/ [ˈbæɾɚ] n
ciasto
beaten mixture of flour and liquid
pałkarz
player attempting to hit the ball

battering ram n
taran
type of siege engine used to smash gates and walls

battery /ˈbæt.ə.ɹi/ /ˈbæt.ɹi/ n
bateria
coordinated group of artillery
array of similar things
chess: two or more major pieces in a row
bateria akumulator
device storing electricity

battery-powered adj
akumulatorowy
powered by battery

batteryless adj
bezbateryjny

battle /ˈbætl̩/ /ˈbætəl/ [bætɫ̩] [ˈbatʰɫ̩] [ˈbæɾɫ̩] n
batalion
(obsolete) a division of an army; a battalion
bitwa walka
struggle; a contest; as, the battle of life
bitwa walka bój batalia
general action, fight, or encounter; a combat

battle axe n
harpia herod-baba hetera kobieton megiera
belligerent woman
topór bojowy
ancient military weapon

battle cry n
okrzyk bojowy
something the troops yell out when going to war or battle

battlecruiser n
krążownik liniowy
type of warship

battledore n
kijanka
Bat or beetle for washing clothes

battlefield n
pole bitwy pobojowisko
field of a land battle

battlement [ˈbætəɫmənt] n
blanki krenelaż
indented parapet formed by a series of rising members

battleplan n
plan bitwy
strategy and tactics to be used in a battle

battleship n
okręty statki
guessing game
pancernik
warship

battue /bæ-/ /bæˈtu/ /bəˈt(j)uː/ n
nagonka
form of hunting

bauble /ˈbɑbəl/ /ˈbɔbəl/ [ˈbɒbəɫ] [ˈbɔːbəɫ] n
bańka bombka
small shiny spherical decoration, commonly put on Christmas trees

baud /bɔːd/ n
bod
A rate defined as the number of signalling events per second

bauxite /ˈbɔːksaɪt/ n
boksyt
ore

bavaroise /bævəɹˈwɑz/ n
bawarka
drink

bawdy /ˈbɑdi/ /ˈbɔdi/ /ˈbɔːdi/ adj
obleśny sprośny
obscene

bay /beɪ/ adj
gniady
of reddish-brown color

bay /beɪ/ n
zatoka
body of water
luk
compartment
luka nisza
distance between two supports in a vault
gniadosz gniady
reddish-brown horse
maść gniada
brown colour/color

bay bolete n
podgrzybek brunatny
Imleria badia

bay leaf n
liść laurowy liść bobkowy
herb

bay window n
wykusz
type of window

bayadère /baɪəˈdɛː/ n
bajadera

bayan n
bajan
a Russian accordion

bayonet /ˈbeɪənɛt/ /ˈbeɪənɪt/ /ˈbeɪənɪ̈t/ /ˈbeɪəˌnɛt/ /ˈbæɡənət/ /ˈbæɡənɛt/ /ˌbeɪəˈnɛt/ n
bagnet
weapon

bazaar /bəˈzɐː/ /bəˈzɑɹ/ /bəˈzɑː(ɹ)/ n
bazar rynek
marketplace

bazooka /bəˈzuːkə/ n
bazooka
American shoulder fired rocket grenade launcher

bcc n
UDW
blind carbon copy

be /bi/ /biː/ v
być
used to connect a noun to an adjective that describes it
used to indicate that the subject has the qualities described by a noun or noun phrase
occupy a place
used to indicate that the subject plays the role of the predicate nominal
intransitive, non-copulative: exist
occur, take place
elliptical form of "be here", or similar
used to indicate weather, air quality, or the like
auxiliary: used to form the continuous forms of various tenses
auxiliary: (archaic) used to form the perfect aspect with certain intransitive verbs
być równać się
used to indicate that the values on either side of an equation are the same
być to
used to indicate that the subject and object are the same
być zostać
auxiliary: used to form the passive voice
mieć być
have a certain age
used to link a subject to a count or measurement

be able to v
umieć móc być w stanie
have ability to

be about v
być chodzić

be ashamed v
wstydzić
feel ashamed

be awake v
obudzony
to not sleep

be bored v
nudzić
suffer from boredom

be born v
urodzić się rodzić się
come into existence through birth

be born yesterday v
spaść z księżyca
to be inexperienced

be called v
nazywać nazywać się
to have a specific name

be careful interjection
uważaj na siebie
proceed with caution

be careful what you wish for phraseologicalUnit
uważaj, czego pragniesz uważaj na marzenia

be in for v
kroić się
able to expect

be late v
spóźniać spóźnić
arrive late

be my guest v
droga wolna proszę
do as you wish

be off with you phraseologicalUnit
idź precz
go away; get out

be riding for a fall v
robić coś ryzykownego

be right v
mieć słuszność mieć rację
be correct in one's judgement or statement about something

be right back /biː ɹaɪt bæk/ phraseologicalUnit
zaraz wracam
indicate speaker will return in a moment

be sick v
chorować niedomagać
to be ill

be silent v
milczeć
refrain from speaking

be supposed to /bi(ː) səˈpoʊs tə/ /bi(ː) səˈpoʊs ˌtu/ v
mieć powinien
Required to

be that as it may adv
bądź co bądź
nevertheless

be up to v
porabiać
to do or be involved in doing

be wrong v
być w błędzie mylić się
have an incorrect belief, be mistaken

beach /bit͡ʃ/ /biːt͡ʃ/ n
plaża
sandy shore

beach volleyball n
siatkówka plażowa
sport

beachgoer n
plażowicz plażowiczka
someone who goes to the beach

beachhead /ˈbiːt͡ʃhɛd/ n
przyczółek
area of hostile territory

beacon /ˈbiːkən/ n
bakan baken
signaling or guiding mark erected as guide to mariners

bead /biːd/ n
koralik paciorek
small, round, pierced object
rosary ball
kropla
small drop of liquid

beads /biːdz/ n
korale
beaded necklace

beak /biːk/ n
dziób
structure projecting from a bird's face
similar structure in an octopus

beaker /ˈbiːkə(ɹ)/ /ˈbiːkɚ/ n
kubek
drinking vessel without a handle
mug
zlewka
flat-bottomed laboratory vessel

beam /biːm/ n
belka
large piece of timber or iron
principal horizontal beam in a building
connector of notes
promień
ray

beam /biːm/ v
belkować obelkować
to furnish with beams

beamless adj
bezpromienny
not emitting light

bean /biːn/ n
fasola
seed
ziarno
other bean-like seed

bean goose n
gęś zbożowa
Anser fabalis

beanie /ˈbiː.ni/ n
czapka
cap that fits the head closely

bear /beə/ /beː/ /bɑɹ/ /bɛə(ɹ)/ /bɛɚ/ /bɛː(r)/ /bɛː(ɹ)/ /ˈbiːə(r)/ [beə] [beə~bɪə] n
niedźwiedź niedźwiedzica miś
large mammal of family Ursidae

bear /bɛə(ɹ)/ v
cierpieć znosić znieść
to tolerate, to put up with
nosić
to be equipped with
to carry
zeznawać
to declare as testimony

bear cub n
niedźwiadek
young bear

bear in mind /bɛ(ə)ɹ‿ɪn ˈmaɪnd/ /bɛəɹ‿ɪn ˈmaɪnd/ /bɛːɹ-/ v
mieć na uwadze pamiętać patrzeć zważać zważyć
to hold (something) in the memory

bear market n
bessa
state of stock market

bear witness v
świadczyć
deliver testimony

bearable /ˈbɛəɹəbəɫ/ adj
znośny do wytrzymania
able to be borne

bearberry /ˈbɛəb(ə)ɹi/ n
mącznica
the genus Arctostaphylos

beard /biɚd/ /bɜː(ɹ)d/ /bɪəd/ /bɪɹd/ n
broda
facial hair

bearded /ˈbiɚdəd/ /ˈbɪədəd/ /ˈbɪədɪd/ /ˈbɪɹdəd/ adj
brodaty
having a beard

bearded mussel n
omułek brodaty

bearded tit n
wąsatka
Panurus biarmicus

beardless adj
bezbrody
without a beard
bezostny bezościsty
lacking awn
gołobrody
not having reached manhood

beardline n
linia brody
(literally)

bearer bond n
obligacja na okaziciela
negotiable instrument

bearing /ˈbɛə̯ɹɪŋ/ /ˈbɛɹɪŋ/ n
namiar
nautical sense
łożysko
mechanical device

bearskin /ˈbɛə.skɪn/ /ˈbɛəɹ.skɪn/ n
bermyca
tall ceremonial hat

beast /biːst/ n
bestia bydlak bydlę
violent/antisocial person
bestia zwierzę
non-human animal

beast of burden n
zwierzę juczne
animal that carries or pulls a load

beastliness n
bestialstwo bestializm bestialność

beat /biːt/ n
bit
instrumental portion of a piece of hip-hop music
rytm
rhythm

beat /biːt/ v
bić
to mix food
to strike or pound repeatedly
to indicate by beating or drumming
to make a sound when struck
to move with pulsation or throbbing
pobić bić
to win against
pobić bić uderzać uderzyć
to hit, to knock, to pound, to strike

beat around the bush v
owijać w bawełnę
to delay or avoid talking about something difficult or unpleasant
to treat a topic but omit its main points

beat as one /bit əz ˈwʌn/ /biːt əz ˈwɒn/ v
wczuwać się wczuć się
share the same feelings

beat one's breast v
bić się w piersi

beat one's meat v
walić konia

beat someone at their own game v
bić własną bronią pobić własną bronią

beat time v
wybijać rytm wybić rytm
to measure or regulate time

beat to the punch v
wyprzedzać wyprzedzić
to do something before somebody else can

beat up v
pobijać pobić skuwać skuć
to give a beating to

beater /ˈbitɚ/ /ˈbiːtə/ [ˈbiɾɚ] n
bidło
part of a loom
naganiacz
person who drives game towards the shooters

beatification /biˌætɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/ n
beatyfikacja
the act of beatifying

beatify /biːˈætɪfaɪ/ v
beatyfikować
to take step in declaring a person a saint

beating /ˈbiːtɪŋ/ n
bicie uderzanie wpierdol
action of the verb to beat

beating heart n
serce
(figurative)

beatnik /ˈbiːtnɪk/ n
beatnik bitnik
beatnik

beau /boʊ/ /bəʊ/ n
dandys
dandy

beautician /bjuːˈtɪ(t)ʃən/ n
kosmetyczka kosmetyk

beautifier n
upiększacz upiększaczka
someone or something which makes beautiful

beautiful /ˈbju.tɪ.fəl/ /ˈbjuːtɪ.fəl/ /ˈbjuːtɪ.fʊl/ [bju.ɾə.fəl] adj
piękny fajny
possessing charm and attractive

beautifully /ˈbjuːtɪf(ə)li/ adv
pięknie uroczo urodziwie ładnie ślicznie
In a beautiful manner

beautifulness n
piękno
the quality of being beautiful

beautify /ˈbjuː.tɪ.faɪ/ v
upiększać upiększyć
to make beautiful or more beautiful

beauty /ˈbjuti/ /ˈbjuːti/ /ˈbuːti/ [-ɾi] n
piękno krasa uroda krasota pięknota
quality of pleasing appearance
piękność
something particularly good or pleasing
piękność krasawica laska
someone beautiful: female
przystojniak urodziwiec
someone beautiful: male

beauty and the beast n
piękniejsza i brzydsza osoba
two individuals, usually but not necessarily romantically involved, one of whom is considerably more attractive than the other

beauty is in the eye of the beholder /ˈbjuːti ɪz ɪn ðiː aɪ əv ðiː bɪˈhəʊldə/ proverb
nie to ładne, co ładne, ale to co się komu podoba
people have different ideas of what is beautiful

beauty is only skin deep proverb
pozory mylą
a person's character is more important than their outward appearance

beauty parlor n
salon urody
salon with hairdressers and beauticians

beauty product n
kosmetyk

beauty queen n
królowa piękności
winner of a beauty contest

beaver /ˈbivɚ/ /ˈbiːvə/ n
bobry
fur
bóbr
semiaquatic rodent

beavery n
bobrowisko bobrownia

bebop /ˈbiːbɒp/ n
bebop
early form of modern jazz

because /biˈkɔz/ /biˈkʌz/ /bəˈkɔz/ /bəˈkʌz/ /bɪkəz/ /bɪˈkeɪz/ /bɪˈkɒz/ /bɪˈkɔz/ /bɪˈkɔːz/ /bɪˈkʌz/ adv
bo tak
word used in place of an answer to "why"
bo dlatego że gdyż ponieważ abociem albowiem
on account

because /biˈkɔz/ /biˈkʌz/ /bəˈkɔz/ /bəˈkʌz/ /bɪkəz/ /bɪˈkeɪz/ /bɪˈkɒz/ /bɪˈkɔz/ /bɪˈkɔːz/ /bɪˈkʌz/ conjunction
bo ponieważ gdyż dlatego że albowiem abociem
by or for the cause that; on this account that; for the reason that

because of preposition
z powodu
on account of, by reason of, for the purpose of

beck and call n
na skinienie
summons and control, in a position as an attendant or servant

become /biˈkʌm/ /bəˈkʊm/ /bəˈkʌm/ /bɪˈkʊm/ /bɪˈkʌm/ v
stawać się zostać stać się zostawać
to begin to be

becoming /bəˈkʌm.ɪŋ/ /bɪˈkʊm.ɪŋɡ/ /bɪˈkʌm.ɪŋ/ adj
twarzowy
pleasingly suitable

becquerel [bɛkəˈɹɛɫ] n
bekerel
unit of radioactive activity

bed /bed/ /bɛd/ [beː] n
grzęda
garden plot
koryto łóżko
the bottom of a lake or other body of water
pokład
deposit of ore, coal etc.
powierzchnia ładunkowa
platform of a vehicle that supports the load
łóżko
piece of furniture
prepared spot to spend the night in

bed and breakfast n
pensjonat typu B&B pokój ze śniadaniem
guesthouse providing breakfast

bed of roses /bɛd ʌv ˈɹəʊzəz/ n
usłany różami

bedbug n
pluskwa
small nocturnal insect

bedclothes n
pościel

beddable adj
seksowny
sexually attractive

bedding /ˈbɛdɪŋ/ [ˈbɛɾɪŋ] n
pościel

beddy-bye n
lulu
bedtime for a toddler

bedeck /bɪˈdɛk/ v
okrasić ozdobić stroić zdobić
deck, ornament, adorn

bedlam /ˈbɛdləm/ n
bajzel
place or situation of chaos

bedouin /ˈbɛd.wɪn/ n
beduin beduinka
desert-dweller

bedpan /ˈbɛd.ˌpæn/ n
basen
chamber pot used while still in bed

bedridden /ˈbɛdɹɪdən/ adj
obłożnie chory przykuty do łóżka
confined to bed

bedrock n
fundament
basis or foundation
skała macierzysta
underground solid rock

bedroom /ˈbɛdɹʊm/ /ˈbɛdˌɹum/ n
sypialnia szlafsztuba
room in a house where a bed is kept for sleeping

bedroom eyes n
uwodzicielskie oczy

bedsheet /ˈbɛdʃiːt/ n
prześcieradło
a sheet, a piece of cloth cut and finished as bedlinen

bedsore n
odleżyna
lesion caused by pressure

bedspread n
kapa narzuta
topmost covering of a bed

bedtime story /ˈbɛdtaɪm ˈstɔːɹi/ n
bajka na dobranoc
story read to children before they sleep

bee /ˈbiː/ n
pszczoła
insect
spotkanie tłoka
gathering
be
name of the letter B, b

bee balm n
pysznogłówka
plant in the genus Monarda

bee fly n
bjanka
bee fly

bee-eater /ˈbiː iːtəɹ/ n
żołna
bird in the family Meropidae

beebread /ˈbiːˌbɹɛd/ n
pierzga
bee pollen with added honey and bee secretions

beech /biːt͡ʃ/ n
buk
tree of genus Fagus

beech marten n
kuna domowa
Martes foina

beechmast /ˈbit͡ʃˌmæst/ /ˈbiːtʃˌmɑːst/ n
buczyna bukiew orzeszek buczynowy orzeszek bukowy

beechnut /ˈbiːt͡ʃˌnʌt/ n
bukiew
nut of the beech tree

beechwood n
buczyna
a wood largely populated with beech trees
the wood of the beech tree

beef /bif/ /biːf/ n
wołowina
meat

beefsteak /ˈbiːfˌsteɪk/ n
befsztyk
steak

beehive /ˈbiːhaɪv/ n
ul
home of bees
man-made structure in which bees are kept for their honey

beekeeper /ˈbiˌkipɚ/ n
pszczelarz pszczelarka pasiecznik
someone who keeps bees

beekeeping n
pszczelarstwo
raising bees

beeline /ˈbiːlaɪn/ n
najprostsza droga
straight course, ignoring established paths of travel

beeper /ˈbipɚ/ /ˈbiːpə/ n
biper
pager
something that makes a beeping sound

beer /bɛə/ /bɪə/ /bɪɚ/ /bɪɹ/ /bɪː/ n
piwo
alcoholic drink made of malt
glass of beer

beer belly n
mięsień piwny brzuszek piwny brzuszysko ciąża gastronomiczna kałdun
protruding abdomen

beer goggles /ˈbɪə ˌɡɒɡl̩z/ /ˈbɪɚ ˌɡɑɡ(ə)l/ n
wyższa atrakcyjność spodowowana przez alkohol
illusion that people are more sexually attractive, brought on by alcohol consumption

beer mat n
podstawka
mat, often with an advertisement for a brewery on it, to rest one's glass

beer muscles n
mięsień piwny
protruding stomach

beer parlour n
piwiarnia
a bar, selling beers, that has tables

beerwurst n
bierwurst kiełbasa piwna
Bierwurst

beeswax /ˈbiːzwæks/ n
wosk pszczeli
wax secreted by bees

beet /biːt/ n
burak
Beta vulgaris

beetle /ˈbiːtəl/ [ˈbiɾəɫ] n
chrząszcz żuk
insect

beetroot /ˈbit.ɹut/ /ˈbiː.tɹʉːt/ /ˈbiːt.ɹuːt/ [ˈbiː.t͡ʃɹʉːt] n
burak burak ćwikłowy
normally deep red coloured root vegetable

before /biˈfɔɹ/ /bəˈfɔɹ/ /bɪˈfo(ː)ɹ/ /bɪˈfoə/ /bɪˈfɔɹ/ /bɪˈfɔː/ conjunction
zanim
in advance of the time when

before /biˈfɔɹ/ /bəˈfɔɹ/ /bɪˈfo(ː)ɹ/ /bɪˈfoə/ /bɪˈfɔɹ/ /bɪˈfɔː/ preposition
przed
in front of according to an ordering system
in front of in space
under consideration, judgment, authority of
przed nim
earlier than

before dark
przed zmrokiem
before night begins to fall

before the fact
przed przestępstwem
before the commission of a crime

beforehand /bɪˈfo(ː)ɹhænd/ /bɪˈfoəhænd/ /bɪˈfɔɹhænd/ /bɪˈfɔːhænd/ adv
uprzednio wcześniej z góry zawczasu
at an earlier time

befriending n
zaprzyjaźnienie się

beg /bɛɡ/ v
błagać
to plead with someone for help
żebrać
to request the help of someone, often in the form of money

beget /biˈɡɛt/ /bəˈɡɛt/ /bɪˈɡɛt/ v
spowodować
cause, produce

beggar /ˈbɛɡə/ /ˈbɛɡɚ/ n
biedaczka biedak
person suffering poverty
żebrak żebraczka
person who begs

beggar belief v
nie mieścić się w głowie

beggar-ticks n
uczep
Bidens

beggars can't be choosers proverb
na bezrybiu i rak ryba jak się nie ma, co się lubi, to się lubi, co się ma lepszy rydz niż nic lepszy wróbel w garści niż gołąb na dachu lepszy wróbel w ręku niż cietrzew na sęku lepszy wróbel w ręku niż sokół na sęku
when resources are limited, one must accept even substandard gifts

beggary /ˈbɛɡəɹi/ n
żebractwo żebranie żebranina żebry
The fact or action of begging

beggingly adv
błagająco błagalnie

begin /biˈɡɪn/ /bəˈɡɪn/ /bɪˈɡɪn/ v
zaczynać zacząć
to start, to initiate or take the first step into something

beginner /bəˈɡɪnɚ/ /bɪˈɡɪnə/ n
nowicjusz nowicjuszka początkujący debiutant adept adeptka
someone who just recently started

beginner slope n
ośla łączka stok dla początkujących

beginning /bɪˈɡɪn.ɪŋ/ n
początek
initial portion of some extended thing
act of doing that which begins anything
that which begins or originates something

beginning of the end n
początek końca
the point when something starts to end or become worse

begonia /bəˈɡoʊni.ə/ /bəˈɡəʊniː.ə/ n
begonia
plants of the genus Begonia

begrime /bəˈɡɹaɪm/ /bɪˈɡɹaɪm/ v
brudzić pobrudzić szargać ubrudzić zabrudzać zabrudzić
to make (something) dirty

beguine /beɪˈɡiːn/ /bə.ˈɡiːn/ n
beguine
ballroom dance

behave /bəˈheɪv/ /bɪˈheɪv/ v
zachowywać postąpić postępować zachować się
to act in a specific manner

behavior /bɪˈheɪvjə/ /bɪˈheɪvjɚ/ n
behawior zachowanie
in biology and psychology
zachowanie behawior
way an animal or human behaves or acts
zachowanie maniery postępowanie
way matter or systems behave

behavioral adj
behawioralny
of or relating to behavior

behaviorism n
behawioryzm
approach to psychology focusing on behavior

behaviorist n
behawiorysta

behavioristic adj
behawiorystyczny

behavioural /bɪˈheɪvjərəl/ /bɪˈheɪvjɚəl/ adj
behawioralny
of or pertaining to behaviour

behead /bɪˈhɛd/ v
ściąć głowę
to remove the head

beheading n
ścięcie kęsim
an instance of beheading

behemoth /bəˈhi(ː).məθ/ /ˈbiː.əˌməθ/ n
Behemot
mighty beast in the Book of Job

behind /bəˈhaɪnd/ /bɪˈhaɪnd/ /ˈbiːˌhaɪnd/ n
dupa zad
buttocks
tył zad
rear, back-end

behind /bəˈhaɪnd/ /bɪˈhaɪnd/ /ˈbiːˌhaɪnd/ preposition
(być) za za
in support of
po za
after, time- or motion-wise
z tyłu za
to the back of
za
at the back of
responsible for

behind bars
za kratkami
in jail or prison

behind closed doors
za zamkniętymi drzwiami
in private

behind the scenes /bəˈhaɪnd ðə siːnz/ /bɪˈhaɪnd ðə siːnz/
za kulisami
in secret; out of public view

behind the wheel
za kółkiem
in control of a vehicle

behold /bɪˈhoʊld/ /bɪˈhəʊld/ v
ujrzeć
to see, to look at

beholder /bɪˈhoʊldɚ/ /bɪˈhəʊldə/ n
obserwator obserwatorka widz
someone who observes or beholds; an observer or spectator

beige /ˈbeɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈbeɪʒ/ adj
beż beżowy
having a slightly yellowish gray colour

beige /ˈbeɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈbeɪʒ/ n
beżowy beż
colour

beigely adv
beżowo

being /ˈbiŋ/ /ˈbiɪŋ/ /ˈbiːŋ/ /ˈbiːɪŋ/ n
bycie byt istnienie
the state or fact of existence
istota stwór
a living creature

bejel n
franca francowata choroba francuska choroba kiła
Endemic syphilis

bel /bɛl/ n
bel
measure of relative power

belated /bɪˈleɪtɪd/ adj
opóźniony
later in relation to the proper time

belatedly adv
poniewczasie
in a belated manner

belch /ˈbɛltʃ/ v
bekać beknąć
expel gas from the stomach through the mouth

beleaguer /bəˈliː.ɡə/ /bɪˈli.ɡɚ/ /bɪˈliː.ɡə/ v
oblec oblegać obsadzać obsadzić obstąpić obstępować
to besiege; to surround with troops

belemnite /ˈbɛləmˌnaɪt/ n
belemnit
a member of the extinct order Belemnitida

belfry /ˈbɛlfɹi/ n
dzwonnica
tower or steeple specifically for containing bells, especially as part of a church

belief /bəˈliːf/ /bɪˈliːf/ n
przekonanie wiara
mental acceptance of a claim as truth
something believed
wiara
the quality or state of believing
a wishing of case or circumstance to be true
wiara wierzenie
religious faith
religious or moral convictions

belief system n
system wierzeń
system of beliefs

believe /bi-/ /bə-/ /bɪˈliv/ /bɪˈliːv/ v
przypuszczać sądzić myśleć
to consider likely
wierzyć
to accept that someone is telling the truth (object: person)
to have religious faith; to believe in a greater truth
to believe that something is right or desirable
to have confidence in
to accept as true
wierzyć w
to ascribe existence to

believe it or not adv
uwierz lub nie uwierzcie lub nie wierz lub nie wierzcie lub nie
This may be surprising, but it's true

believe me phraseologicalUnit
uwierz mi
be assured

believe one's ears v
wierzyć własnym uszom
to believe that something which one hears is truly the case

believe one's eyes v
wierzyć własnym oczom
to believe that something which one directly sees is truly the case

believe you me /bi-/ /bə-/ /bɪˈliv ju ˈmi/ /bɪˈliːv juː ˈmiː/ phraseologicalUnit
uwierz mi
emphatic form of believe me

believer /bɪˈlivɚ/ /bɪˈliːvə/ n
wierny wierzący wyznawca wyznawczyni
person who believes

belittle /bɪˈlɪt.əl/ v
bagatelizować lekceważyć zbagatelizować zlekceważyć
to knowingly say that something is smaller or less important than it actually is

bell /bɛl/ n
czara
the flared end of a brass or woodwind instrument
dzwon dzwonek
percussive instrument
dzwonek
signal at a school
informal: telephone call

bell curve n
krzywa dzwonowa
bell shaped curve typical of the normal distribution

bell jar n
dzwon szklany
laboratory equipment
pokrywka
glass to cover items

bell pepper n
papryka
spicy-sweet vegetable

bell ringer n
dzwonnik
bell ringer

bell the cat v
narazić się
to undertake a dangerous action in the service of a group

bell tower n
dzwonnica
tower in which a bell (or set of bells) is hung; a belfry

bell-bottoms n
dzwony
pants that are flared from the knee downwards

bell-gable n
dzwonnica parawanowa
an architectural element

bell-shaped adj
dzwonkowaty dzwonowaty
having the shape of a bell

bellboy /ˈbɛlˌbɔɪ/ n
boy
A male worker, usually at a hotel, who carries luggage and runs errands

belle /bɛl/ n
piękność
beautiful woman

belles-lettres /ˌbɛlˈlɛtɹ(ə)/ n
literatura piękna beletrystyka
light literary compositions valued for their aesthetic properties

belletrist n
beletrysta beletrystka
person who writes or is concerned with [[belles-lettres]]

belletristic /bɛl.lɛˈtɹɪs.tɪk/ adj
beletrystyczny
pertaining to belles-lettres

belletristically adv
beletrystycznie

bellflower n
dzwonek
plant of genus Campanula

bellicism /ˈbɛlɪsɪzm̩/ n
wojowniczość
an inclination to war

bellicose /ˈbɛləkoʊs/ /ˈbɛlɪkoʊs/ adj
wojowniczy
warlike in nature

belligerence n
wojowniczość
state of being belligerent

belligerent /bəˈlɪdʒ.(ə).ɹənt/ /bəˈlɪd͡ʒ.ə.ɹənt/ adj
napastliwy
hostile, eager to fight
walczący
engaged in warfare
wojenny
of or pertaining to war
wojowniczy
eager to go to war

belligerent /bəˈlɪdʒ.(ə).ɹənt/ /bəˈlɪd͡ʒ.ə.ɹənt/ n
strona konfliktu
state or other armed participant in warfare

bellmaker n
ludwisarz
bellmaker

bellows /ˈbɛl.oʊz/ /ˈbɛl.əs/ /ˈbɛl.əʊz/ n
miech
air blower
mieszek
flexible, light-tight enclosure connecting the lensboard and the camera back

bells and whistles n
wodotryski
extra features added for show rather than function

belly /ˈbɛli/ n
brzuch
abdomen

belly dance n
taniec brzucha taniec orientalny
form of dance

belong /bɪˈlɑŋ/ /bɪˈlɒŋ/ /bɪˈlɔŋ/ v
należeć
be the property of
be part of a group

belote /bəˈlɒt/ n
belotka
card game

beloved /bɪˈlʌvd/ /bɪˈlʌvɪd/ adj
ukochany umiłowany
loved

beloved /bɪˈlʌvd/ /bɪˈlʌvɪd/ n
ukochana ukochany
someone who is loved

below /bɪˈloʊ/ /bɪˈləʊ/ preposition
pod poniżej
lower in spatial position than

below average adj
poniżej średniej

below the belt /bəˈloʊ ðə bɛlt/ /bɪˈləʊ ðiː bɛlt/
poniżej pasa
(boxing) of a punch that lands below the opponent's waist

belt /bɛlt/ n
pas pasek
band used for safety purposes
band worn around the waist
geographical region

belt conveyor n
konwejer przenośnik taśmowy
system used to convey material on a conveyor belt

belt loop n
szlufka
loop of pants holding belt

beluga /bəˈluɡə/ /bəˈluːɡə/ n
białucha
Delphinapterus leucas
bieługa
Huso huso

belvedere /ˈbɛl.vəˌdɪɹ/ /ˈbɛl.vɪ.dɪə/ n
belweder
raised structure offering a pleasant view of the surrounding area

bemol /ˈbiːmɒl/ n
bemol
bemol

bemuse /bəˈmjuːz/ /bɪˈmjuːz/ v
speszyć zdeprymować
to confuse or bewilder

bench /bɛntʃ/ /bɛnt͡ʃ/ /bɛnʃ/ n
ławka
long seat
sports: where players sit when not playing
ławka treningowa
weightlifting: horizontal padded surface with a weight rack

benchmarketing n
analiza porównawcza badania porównawcze benchmarking
business

bend /bɛnd/ /bɪnd/ n
skos
heraldry: one of the ordinaries

bend /bɛnd/ /bɪnd/ v
giąć zginać zgiąć
to cause to shape into a curve
zginać się zgiąć się
to become curved

bend over backwards v
stawać na głowie stawać na rzęsach stawać na uszach wychodzić z siebie wychodzić ze skóry
make a great effort

bend someone's ear v
zanudzać
talk too long

bend the knee v
iść na pasku
submit to another's authority

bender /ˈbɛndə/ /ˈbɛndɚ/ n
popijawa
slang: bout of heavy drinking

bending /ˈbɛndɪŋ/ n
zginanie
motion or action

beneath /bɪˈniːθ/ adv
pod poniżej
below or underneath

benediction /ˌbɛnəˈdɪkʃən/ n
błogosławieństwo benedykcja
a short invocation for divine help, blessing and guidance, usually after a church worship service

benedictional n
benedykcjonał
book of benedictions

benefactor /ˈbɛnəˌfaktə/ /ˈbɛnəˌfæktɚ/ n
dobroczyńca benefaktor benefaktorka ofiarodawca ofiarodawczyni
on who gives gifts or help

benefactress n
dobrodziejka
female benefactor

benefice /ˈbɛnɪfɪs/ n
beneficjum
in feudal law
land granted to a priest

beneficial /ˌbɛnəˈfɪʃəl/ adj
korzystny
helpful or good to something or someone

beneficiary /bɛn.əˈfɪʃ.iˌɚ.i/ /ˌbɛn.əˈfɪʃ.əɹ.i/ /ˌbɛn.ɪˈfɪʃ.əɹ.i/ /ˌbɛn.ɪˈfɪʃ.ɚ.i/ n
beneficjant beneficjent
one who benefits from the distribution, especially of an estate
one who receives an advantage

benefit /ˈbɛn.ə.fɪt/ /ˈbɛn.ɪ.fɪt/ n
beneficjum korzyść
profit, use
świadczenie
payment, subsidy

benefit of the doubt n
kredyt zaufania
a favorable judgement given in the absence of full evidence

benevolence /bəˈnɛvələns/ n
benewolencja dobroć przychylność łaskawość życzliwość
disposition to do good

benign /bɪˈnaɪn/ adj
łagodny
kind, gentle, mild
łagodny nieszkodliwy
(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health

bennettitalean n
benetyt

bent /bɛnt/ adj
przegięty
Homosexual

bentgrass n
mietlica
grass of the genus Agrostis

benthic /ˈbɛnθɪk/ adj
bentoniczny bentosowy
of the benthos on the seafloor

benthos /ˈbɛnθɒs/ n
bentos
flora and fauna at the bottom of a body of water

bentonite n
bentonit

bentonitic adj
bentonitowy

bentonitization n
bentonityzacja

benzaldehyde n
benzaldehyd aldehyd benzoesowy
C₆H₅CHO

benzanthrone n
benzantron

benzene /ˈbɛnziːn/ n
benzen
aromatic compound C₆H₆

benzidine n
benzydyna

benzoate n
benzoesan
salt or ester of benzoic acid

benzocaine /ˈbɛn.zəˌkeɪn/ n
benzokaina
local anesthetic

benzodiazepine /ˌbɛnzoʊdaɪˈæzɪpiːn/ n
benzodiazepina
any of a class of psychoactive drugs

benzofuran n
benzofuran kumaron
class of bicyclic heterocycles

benzoic adj
benzoesowy
derived from benzoic acid or its derivatives
pertaining to, or obtained from, benzoin

benzoic acid n
kwas benzoesowy benzoes
white crystalline organic acid, C₆H₅COOH

benzoin /ˈbɛnzɔɪn/ /ˈbɛnzəʊɪn/ n
benzoes będźwin styraks
resinous substance from tree
benzoina
white crystalline substance

benzol n
benzol
an impure benzene

benzophenone n
benzofenon
any of a class of aromatic ketones

benzopyran n
benzopiren

benzoquinone n
benzochinon
forms of the simplest quinone

benzoyl /ˈbɛnzəʊ.aɪl/ /ˈbɛnzəʊ.ɪl/ n
benzoil
univalent radical

benzyl /ˈbɛnzaɪl/ /ˈbɛnzɪl/ n
benzyl
chemical compound

benzylic adj
benzylowy

bequeath /bɪˈkwiːð/ /bɪˈkwiːθ/ v
zapisać zapisywać
to give or leave by will

bereave /bɪˈɹiːv/ v
odbierać pozbawiać zabierać
To take away someone or something important or close

beret /bəˈɹeɪ/ /ˈbɛɹeɪ/ n
beret
type of brimless cap

bergamot /ˈbɜːɡəˌmɒt/ /ˈbɝɡəˌmɑt/ n
bergamota bergamotka
fruit
tree
variety of pear

bergenia n
bergenia

bergerette n
berżeretka

beriberi n
beri-beri
pathology: ailment caused by deficiency of vitamin B

berkelium /bɜːɹˈkiːliəm/ /ˈbɜːɹkliəm/ n
berkel
transuranic chemical element

berkovets n
bierkowiec
Russian unit of mass

berm /bɜː(ɹ)m/ n
odsadzka
ledge between the parapet and the moat

berry /ˈbɛɹ.i/ n
jagoda
small succulent fruit
botany: soft fruit developing from a superior ovary and containing seeds not encased in pits

bersagliere /-i/ /-sæl-/ /-sɑl-/ /-ˈlɛɹ-/ /ˌbɛɹ.səlˈjɛɹ.eɪ/ n
bersalier
marksman or rifleman in Italian regiments

berserk /-ˈsɜːk/ /-ˈzɚk/ /bəˈsɚk/ /bəˈzɜːk/ /bɚˈsɚk/ /bɜː-/ /ˈbɚˌsɚk/ /ˈbɜːsɜːk/ n
berserk
Norse warrior who fought in a frenzy

berserker /-ˈsɜːkə/ /bəˈzɜːkə/ /bɚˈzɚkɚ/ /bɜː-/ /ˈbɚˌsɚkɚ/ /ˈbɜːsɜːkə/ n
berserk
Norse warrior who fought in a frenzy

berth /bɜːθ/ /bɝθ/ n
koja kuszetka
bunk

berth /bɜːθ/ /bɝθ/ v
cumować
to bring a ship into berth

beryl /ˈbɛɹ.əl/ n
beryl
gem

beryllium /bəˈɹɪl.i.əm/ n
beryl
chemical element

besague /ˈbɛs.ə.ɡju/ n
tarczka opachowa
armor protecting the armpit, etc

beseech /bɪˈsiːt͡ʃ/ v
błagać
to beg

beside /biˈsaɪd/ /bəˈsaɪd/ /bɪˈsaɪd/ /bɪˈsʌɪd/ preposition
obok przy
next to
poza
not relevant to

besides /biˈsaɪdz/ /bəˈsaɪdz/ /bɪˈsaɪdz/ adv
poza tym
also; in addition
zresztą poza tym
moreover; furthermore

besides /biˈsaɪdz/ /bəˈsaɪdz/ /bɪˈsaɪdz/ preposition
oprócz poza
in addition to

besiege /bəˈsiːd͡ʒ/ v
oblegać
to surround with armed forces

besom /ˈbiː.zəm/ n
baba jaga czarownica heksa jędza wiedźma zołza
troublesome woman
miotła
broom

bespoke /bəˈspoʊk/ /bɪˈspəʊk/ adj
uszyty na miarę
individually or custom-made

best /ˈbɛst/ n
najlepszy
quality

best friend n
przyjaciel przyjaciółka
an especially close and trusted friend

best man n
drużba
primary attendant to the groom

best regards n
załączam pozdrowienia
polite closing of a letter

best-case scenario n
najlepszy przypadek
situation which could not be any better

best-selling adj
bestsellerowy przebojowy szlagierowy
superlative of well-selling

bestial /ˈbis.t͡ʃəl/ /ˈbɛs.ti.əl/ /ˈbɛs.t͡ʃəl/ adj
bestialski bestialny
beast-like

bestiality /ˈbistiˌælɪti/ /ˈbɛstʃəlˌlɪtɪ/ /ˌbist͡ʃiˈælɪti/ /ˌbɛst͡ʃiˈælɪti/ n
bestializm bestialność bestialstwo
bestial nature

bestially adv
bestialsko

bestiary /ˈbiːstiˌɛri/ /ˈbɛstiˌɛri/ n
bestiarium bestiariusz
A medieval treatise of animals

bestseller n
bestseller
book or thing sold in large numbers

bet /ˈbɛt/ n
zakład
a wager

bet /ˈbɛt/ v
obstawić postawić zakładać się
to stake or pledge upon the outcome of an event
stawiać na
to be sure of something

bet one's boots v
stawiać dolary przeciwko orzechom

beta /ˈbeɪtə/ /ˈbiːtə/ /ˈbɛtə/ n
beta
letter of the Greek alphabet

beta cell n
komórka beta
endocrine cell in the pancreas that stores and releases insulin

beta function n
funkcja beta
function which generalizes the notion of a factorial

beta radiation n
promieniowanie beta
radiation of beta particles

beta version n
wersja beta
software in an early status

beta-carotene /biː.təˈka.ɹə.tiːn/ /ˌbeɪ.təˈkɛɹ.əˌtin/ n
beta-karoten

betabux n
betabankomat
Beta male seen as a financial provider

betaine n
betaina
sugar beet compound

betatron n
betatron
a form of cyclotron used to accelerate electrons to high speed

betel /ˈbiːtəl/ n
betel
quid, chewing preparation

betel nut n
orzech arekowy
An egg-shaped seed of the betel palm

betel palm n
areka
Areca catechu, an Asiatic palm

betel pepper n
betel pieprz betelowy pieprz żuwny
Piper betle

betelchewing n
żucie betelu

betelseller n
sprzedawca betelu sprzedawczyni betelu
seller of betel; someone who sells betel

betimes /bəˈtaɪmz/ /bɪˈtaɪmz/ adv
zawczasu
in good season or time

betony /ˈbɛtəni/ n
bukwica bukwica zwyczajna
Stachys officinalis

betray /bəˈtɹeɪ/ /bɪˈtɹeɪ/ v
wydać zdradzić
to deliver into the hands of an enemy
zdradzić
to prove faithless or treacherous

betroth /bəˈtɹoʊð/ /bəˈtɹəʊð/ v
zaręczyć się
to promise to give in marriage

betrothal /bəˈtɹoʊ.ðəl/ /bəˈtɹəʊ.ðəl/ n
zaręczyny
mutual promise

betrothed /bɪˈtɹəʊðd/ /bɪˈtɹəʊθt/ n
narzeczony narzeczona oblubienica oblubieniec
fiancé or fiancée

betrothed /bɪˈtɹəʊðd/ /bɪˈtɹəʊθt/ v
zaręczony
past of betroth

betta n
bojownik
Fish of the genus Betta

better /ˈbɛtə/ /ˈbɛtəɹ/ [ˈbeɾɐ] [ˈbeɾə] [ˈbeʔə] [ˈbɛtʰə] [ˈbɛtʰɚ~ˈbɛθ̠ɚ~ˈbɛt̪ɚ] [ˈbɛɾɚ] [ˈbɛʔɚ~ˈbɛʔəɾ] adj
lepszy
comparative of the adjectives good or well

better /ˈbɛtə/ /ˈbɛtəɹ/ [ˈbeɾɐ] [ˈbeɾə] [ˈbeʔə] [ˈbɛtʰə] [ˈbɛtʰɚ~ˈbɛθ̠ɚ~ˈbɛt̪ɚ] [ˈbɛɾɚ] [ˈbɛʔɚ~ˈbɛʔəɾ] adv
lepiej
comparative of the adverb well

better /ˈbɛtə/ /ˈbɛtəɹ/ [ˈbeɾɐ] [ˈbeɾə] [ˈbeʔə] [ˈbɛtʰə] [ˈbɛtʰɚ~ˈbɛθ̠ɚ~ˈbɛt̪ɚ] [ˈbɛɾɚ] [ˈbɛʔɚ~ˈbɛʔəɾ] v
polepszać polepszyć poprawiać poprawić
to improve

better half n
lepsza połowa
spouse or lover

better late than never adv
lepiej późno niż wcale lepiej późno niż później
it's better to do something late, than to never do it at all

better safe than sorry proverb
gdyby kózka nie skakała, toby nóżki nie złamała lepiej dmuchać na zimne strzeżonego Pan Bóg strzeże żeby kózka nie skakała, toby nóżki nie złamała
it is preferable to be cautious

better than nothing adj
dobre i to lepszy niż nic
almost worthless

better the devil you know than the devil you don't know proverb
już lepsze znane zło, niż dobro, które masz poznać
something bad and familiar is better than something bad and unknown

between /bəˈtwin/ /bɪˈtwin/ /bɪˈtwiːn/ [bɪˈtʰwin] preposition
między
shared in confidence by
między pomiędzy
in the position or interval that separates two things
one of, representing a choice
in transit from one to the other

between Scylla and Charybdis /bəˈtwiːn.ˈsɪlə.ænd.kəˈɹɪbdɪs/ /bəˈtwiːn.ˈsɪləɹ.ænd.kəˈɹɪbdɪs/
między Scyllą a Charybdą między młotem a kowadłem
idiomatic

between a rock and a hard place
między młotem a kowadłem
having the choice between two unpleasant options
in a difficult and inescapable position

between the hammer and the anvil
między młotem a kowadłem
with the choice between two unpleasant or distasteful options

between you and me
mówiąc między nami
in confidence

bevatron n
bewatron

beverage /ˈbɛv(ə)ɹɪd͡ʒ/ n
napój
drink

beware /biˈwɛɚ/ /bəˈwɛɚ/ /bɪˈwɛɚ/ v
strzeż się
use caution, pay attention (to)

beware of the dog phraseologicalUnit
uwaga, zły pies
beware of the dog

bewilderment /bɪˈwɪldəmənt/ /bɪˈwɪldəɹmənt/ n
zdziwienie
state of being bewildered

bewitch /bəˈwɪt͡ʃ/ v
czarować
to cast a spell upon

beyond /biˈ(j)ɑnd/ /bɪˈjɒnd/ /bɪˈjɛnd/ preposition
poza
on the far side of
further away than

beyond a reasonable doubt
ponad uzasadnioną wątpliwość ponad wszelką wątpliwość poza wszelką wątpliwością poza wszelką wątpliwość
legal standard

beyond a shadow of a doubt
bez cienia wątpliwości
without any doubt or hesitation

beyond measure adv
bez porównania
to a great extent

bezoar /ˈbi.zɔɹ/ /ˈbiː.zɔː/ n
bezoar
mass of undigested matter

bi /baɪ/ n
biseks
bisexual person

bi- /baɪ-/ /bɪ-/ prefix
bi- dwu-
two-

bi-curious /baiˈkjɚ.i.jɪs/ /bʌɪˈkjɔː.ɹɪəs/ /bʌɪˈkjʊə.ɹɪəs/ adj
bi
Curious about one's potential bisexuality

bias /ˈbaɪəs/ adj
stronniczy
inclined to or swelled on one side

bias /ˈbaɪəs/ n
inklinacja stronniczość ukos uprzedzenie
inclination towards something; predisposition, partiality
obciążenie
statistics: difference between expectation and true value
polaryzacja
electronics: voltage or current applied to electronic device

bias /ˈbaɪəs/ v
rzutować wpływać
to place bias upon

biased /ˈbaɪəst/ adj
stronniczy uprzedzony
exhibiting bias; prejudiced

biathlete n
biathlonista biathlonistka
athlete in biathlon

biathlon /-lɒn/ /baɪˈæθlən/ /baɪˈæθˌlɑn/ n
biathlon biatlon dwubój zimowy
racing combining cross-country skiing and rifle shooting; a particular instance of such a race

biaxial adj
dwuosiowy
having two axes

bib /bɪb/ n
śliniaczek śliniak
item of clothing for protecting other clothes while eating

bibelot /bib(ə)loʊ/ /bib(ə)ləʊ/ n
bibelot
bauble

bibimbap n
bibimbap
Korean dish of white rice topped with vegetables, beef, a whole egg, and gochujang

bible /ˈbaɪbəl/ n
Biblia
comprehensive manual

biblical /ˈbɪblɪkəl/ adj
biblijny
of or relating to the Bible
very great, exceeding previous records
in accordance with the teachings of the Bible

biblically adv
biblijnie
in a biblical manner

biblicism n
biblioznawstwo biblistyka
study of the bible
biblizm
a term derived from the Bible

biblicist adj
biblioznawczy biblistyczny
of, relating, or characteristic of biblicism (or a biblicist)

biblicist n
biblioznawca biblista
Biblical scholar or expert

biblio- prefix
biblio-
relating to books

bibliographer n
bibliograf bibliografka
person who compiles bibliographies

bibliographic adj
bibliograficzny
of or pertaining to bibliography

bibliographically adv
bibliograficznie
concerning bibliography

bibliography /bɪbliɒɡɹəfi/ n
bibliografia
list of books or documents
section of a written work
study of the history of books

bibliological adj
bibliologiczny biblioznawczy księgoznawczy
relating to bibliology

bibliologist n
bibliolog księgoznawca

bibliology n
bibliologia biblioznawstwo księgoznawstwo
the study of the history of books and the art of printing
biblioznawstwo biblistyka
study of the bible

bibliomancy n
bibliomancja
divination by interpreting a passage from a book

bibliomania /ˌbɪbliəˈmeɪniə/ n
bibliomania
passion for owning valuable books

bibliomaniac n
bibliomaniak biblioman bibliomanka
person who is obsessed with owning valuable books

bibliophile n
bibliofil
person who loves books

bibliophilia n
bibliofilia bibliofilstwo
love of books

bibliophilic adj
bibliofilski
having or pertaining to bibliophilia

bibliophilically adv
bibliofilsko

bibliotherapy n
biblioterapia
form of therapy

biblist /ˈbɪblɪst/ n
biblioznawca biblista biblistka
a biblical scholar

bicameral /bʌɪˈkaməɹəl/ adj
dwuizbowy bikameralny
having two separate legislative chambers

bicameralism n
bikameralizm dwuizbowość
principle of dividing legislative body into two groups

bicarbonate n
soda oczyszczona
of soda
wodorowęglan
chemistry

bicephalous adj
dwugłowy
Having two heads

biceps brachii n
biceps
biceps brachii

biceps femoris /ˈbaɪsɛps ˈfɛmərɪs/ n
mięsień dwugłowy uda
the flexor of the knee

bicker /ˈbɪkə/ /ˈbɪkɚ/ v
sprzeczać się posprzeczać się
quarrel in a tiresome manner

biclique n
graf dwudzielny

bicolour adj
dwubarwny dwukolorowy
having two colours

bicone n
[[dwu-]]stożek
three-dimensional shape

bicorn n
bikorn pieróg
two-cornered hat

bicuspid /baɪˈkʌspɪd/ n
przedtrzonowiec
tooth

bicycle /ˈbaɪsɪk(ə)l/ /ˈbʌɪsɪkəl/ n
rower
vehicle

bicycle crunch n
rowerek

bicycle kick n
przewrotka
soccer: kick
rowerek
exercise

bicycle lane n
ścieżka rowerowa
lane of a roadway designated for use by cyclists

bicycle path n
ścieżka rowerowa
segregated path for the use of bicycles

bicycle pump n
pompka rowerowa pompka do rowera
bicycle pump

bid /bɪd/ n
oferta licytacja
offer at an auction

bid /bɪd/ v
licytować zalicytować
intransitive: to make an offer
transitive: to offer as a price

bid-ask spread n
spread
the difference between the prices quoted (by a market maker or an order book) for an immediate sale ("offer") and an immediate purchase ("bid") for stocks, futures contracts, options, or currency pairs

bide one's time v
czekać na właściwą chwilę poczekać na właściwą chwilę
to wait, especially for a suitable opportunity

bident n
dwuząb
two-pronged spear

bidet /bɪˈdeɪ/ /ˈbiːdeɪ/ n
bidet
low-mounted plumbing fixture for cleaning the genitalia and anus

bidirectional /ˌbaɪ.dɪˈɹɛk.ʃə.nəl, -daɪ-/ adj
dwukierunkowy
moving in two directions (usually opposite)
operating or functioning in two directions (usually opposite)

bidon /-dɒ̃/ /ˈbidɑn/ /ˈbiːdɒn/ n
bidon
bottle or flask for holding a beverage; water bottle, especially one designed for mounting on a bicycle

biennale n
biennale
a biennial celebration or exhibition

biennial /baɪˈɛn.i.əl/ adj
codwuletni codwuroczny
happening every two years
dwuletni dwuroczny
lasting for two years

biennium /baɪˈɛn.i.əm/ /bʌɪˈɛn.ɪ.əm/ n
dwulecie
period of two years

bier /bɪə/ /bɪɚ/ n
katafalk
platform or stand where a body or coffin is placed
mary
litter to transport the corpse of a dead person

biexponential adj
[[dwu-]]wykładniczy

biface n
pięściak
tool

bifilar adj
bifilarny

bifurcation /ˌbaɪfəˈkeɪʃən/ /ˌbaɪfɚˈkeɪʃən/ n
bifurkacja rozgałęzienie rozwidlenie
any place where one divides into two
rozwidlenie bifurkacja
a place where two roads, tributaries etc. part or meet

bifurcational adj
bifurkacyjny

big /bɪɡ/ adj
dorosły
adult
duży wielki
of a great size

big beat n
big-beat bit

big cheese n
gruba ryba rekin szycha
very important figure

big if n
wielka niewiadoma
unlikely but necessary condition

big screen n
wielki ekran
surface

big toe n
paluch
largest of the toes of the foot of a human

biga n
biga

bigamist /ˈbɪɡəmɪst/ n
bigamista bigamistka
someone who practices bigamy

bigamous /ˈbɪɡəməs/ adj
bigamiczny
of a marriage
of a person

bigamously adv
bigamicznie

bigamy /ˈbɪɡəmi/ n
bigamia dwużeństwo
state of having two spouses simultaneously

bighead carp n
tołpyga tołpyga pstra
Hypophthalmichthys nobilis

bight /baɪt/ n
zatoka
large bay

bigorexia n
bigoreksja
mental disorder

bigorexic n
bigorektyk
a person suffering from bigorexia

bigos n
bigos

bigot /ˈbɪɡət/ n
bigot bigotka
person who is overly pious in matters of religion

bigwig /ˈbɪɡ.wɪɡ/ n
VIP figura gruba ryba szycha
A person of importance

bijection /baɪˈd͡ʒɛk.ʃən/ n
bijekcja funkcja wzajemnie jednoznaczna
function that is both a surjection and an injection

bijectivity n
cecha tego, co jest wzajemnie jednoznaczne
property

bike /baɪk/ [bɐɪk] n
motocykl
motorcycle
rower
bicycle

bikini /bɪˈkiːni/ n
bikini
bathing suit

bilabial /baɪ.ˈleɪ.bi.əl/ adj
dwuwargowy bilabialny
articulated with both lips

bilabiate adj
dwuwargowy
having two lips

bilateral /baɪˈlætəɹəl/ adj
bilateralny dwustronny
involving both sides equally
dwustronny
having two sides

bilateralism n
bilateralizm
policy of having bilateral agreements between two countries

bilaterally adv
bilateralnie dwustronnie obustronnie
in a bilateral manner

bilberry /ˈbɪlb(ə)ɹɪ/ n
borówka czarna jagoda
the shrub of this plant
czarna jagoda borówka
type of blueberry from the cowberry family

bile /baɪl/ n
żółć
secretion produced by the liver
bitterness of temper; ill humour

bile duct n
drogi żółciowe
structure carrying bile

bilge /bɪld͡ʒ/ n
obło
rounded portion of a ship's hull
zęza zenza
lowest inner part of a ship's hull

bilinear adj
dwuliniowy
(mathematics) linear in each of two variables

bilingual /baɪˈlɪŋ.ɡju.əl/ /baɪˈlɪŋ.ɡwəl/ adj
dwujęzyczny
written in two languages
dwujęzyczny bilingwalny
speaking two languages

bilingual /baɪˈlɪŋ.ɡju.əl/ /baɪˈlɪŋ.ɡwəl/ n
bilingwista dwujęzykowiec
a person who is bilingual

bilingualism n
dwujęzyczność bilingwizm
condition of being bilingual

bilirubin /bɪlɪˈɹuːbɪn/ n
bilirubina
bile pigment

biliverdin n
biliwerdyna
a green tetrapyrrolic bile pigment

bill /bɪl/ [bɪɫ] n
halabarda
weapon of infantry
dziób
bird's beak
afisz
advertisement
projekt ustawy
draft of a law
rachunek faktura
invoice

bill and coo v
gruchać

bill of exchange n
weksel trasowany weksel
document demanding payment from another party

bill of fare n
jadłospis
enumeration of dishes in writing

bill of lading n
konosament
waybill for transport by boat

billboard n
billboard baner banner
large advertisement along side of highway

billet /ˈbɪlɪt/ n
szczapa
short piece of firewood

billhook n
sierpak
agricultural implement

billiard ball n
bila

billiardist n
bilardzista

billiards /ˈbɪl.jɚdz/ /ˈbɪlɪədz/ n
bilard
any cue sport

billion /ˈbɪljən/ numeral
bilion
a million million; 1,000,000,000,000
(plural) a very large number
miliard
a thousand million (1,000,000,000); a milliard

billionaire /ˌbɪl.i.əˈnɛə(ɹ)/ /ˌbɪl.jəˈnɛɚ/ n
miliarder miliarderka
wealth exceeding one billion (10⁹)

billionth /ˈbɪl.i.ənθ/ n
bilionowy miliardowy
billionth

billow /ˈbɪloʊ/ /ˈbɪləʊ/ n
bałwan
large wave

billow /ˈbɪloʊ/ /ˈbɪləʊ/ v
bałwanić zbałwanić
to surge in billows

billsticker n
afiszer
someone who sticks up advertisements

billy goat n
kozioł cap
male goat

bilocation /baɪləʊˈkeɪʃən/ n
bilokacja
paranormal ability

bilocational adj
bilokacyjny

bima n
bima

bimbo /ˈbɪmboʊ/ /ˈbɪmbəʊ/ n
blachara karyna lalunia słodka idiotka
physically attractive woman who lacks intelligence

bimeromorphic adj
meromorficzny

bimester n
dwa miesiące

bimetal adj
bimetaliczny bimetalowy

bimetal n
bimetal
bimetallic object

bimetallism n
bimetalizm
a monetary standard

bimetallist n
bimetalista

bimetallistic adj
bimetaliczny bimetalistyczny

bimmer n
bawarka
A BMW

bimodal adj
bimodalny
(mathematics)

bin /bɪn/ n
kosz
container for rubbish
pojemnik
container used for storage

binarism n
binaryzm
belief in a binary system

binarization n
binaryzacja
in computing

binary /ˈbaɪ.nə.ɹi/ /ˈbaɪ.nə.ɹɪ/ /ˈbaɪ.nɛɹ.i/ adj
binarny
being in a state of one of two mutually exclusive conditions such as on or off
logic states
having two parts
binarny dwójkowy
using binary number system

binary /ˈbaɪ.nə.ɹi/ /ˈbaɪ.nə.ɹɪ/ /ˈbaɪ.nɛɹ.i/ n
plik binarny
binary computer file
system binarny system dwójkowy
number system

binary number n
liczba binarna

binary star n
gwiazda podwójna
stellar system in which two stars orbit their center of mass

binary system n
binarny system
math, computing: numeric system with base 2

binary tree n
drzewo binarne
data structure

binbag /ˈbɪmbaɡ/ /ˈbɪnbaɡ/ n
worek na śmieci wór na śmieci
bin bag

binbashi n
bimbasza
major in the Turkish army

bind /baɪnd/ v
oprawiać oprawić
transitive put together in a cover, as of books
wiązać zawiązać
transitive to tie or fasten tightly together, with a cord, band, ligature, chain, etc.

binder /ˈbaɪndə/ /ˈbaɪndɚ/ n
binder spłaszczak
LGBT: material or clothing used in binding or flattening the breasts
segregator
cover or holder for unbound papers, pages etc.
snopowiązałka wiązałka
agriculture: machine used in harvesting that ties cut stalks of grain into a bundle

binder clip n
klips klips biurowy
device for binding sheets of paper

binding /ˈbaɪndɪŋ/ n
bezpiecznik
item holding things tightly together

bindle /ˈbɪndl/ /ˈbɪndəl/ n
węzełek
tramp's or itinerant's bundle

bindweed /ˈbaɪndwiːd/ n
powój
Convolvulaceae

binge eating disorder n
BED napady objadania się
medical disorder

bingo /ˈbɪŋ.ɡoʊ/ /ˈbɪŋ.ɡəʊ/ interjection
bingo
An exclamation
to claim a win in bingo
bingo proszę bardzo
when finding something

bingo /ˈbɪŋ.ɡoʊ/ /ˈbɪŋ.ɡəʊ/ n
bingo
game of chance
win

binitarianism n
binitarianizm
belief

binnacle /ˈbɪnəkəl/ n
naktuz
(nautical) the wooden housing for a ship's compass

binocular /bɪˈnɒkjʊlɚ/ adj
binokularny binokularowy
using two eyes or viewpoints

binocular /bɪˈnɒkjʊlɚ/ n
binokular
any binocular glass

binoculars /ˈbənˌɒk.jə.lə(ɹ)z/ /ˈbɪnˌɒk.jʊ.lə(ɹ)z/ n
lornetka lorneta
hand-held device for looking at a distance

binomial /baɪˈnoʊ.mi.əl/ /baɪˈnəʊ.mi.əl/ adj
binominalny dwumianowy
consisting of two parts

binomial /baɪˈnoʊ.mi.əl/ /baɪˈnəʊ.mi.əl/ n
dwumian
algebra: polynomial with two terms

binomial nomenclature n
nomenklatura binominalna
The scientific system of naming each species of organism with a Latinized name in two parts

binormal adj
binormalny dwunormalny

binormal n
binormalna linia dwunormalna linia

binturong /-t(j)ʊɹ-/ /-tju-/ /-ɹɑŋ/ /ˈbɪn.t(j)ʊəˌɹɒŋ/ /ˈbɪn.tuˌɹɔŋ/ n
binturong
species of civet

bio /ˈbaɪoʊ/ /ˈbaɪəʊ/ n
biogram
biographical sketch

bio- prefix
bio-
life

bioaccumulation n
bioakumulacja
the process by which substances accumulate in the tissues of living organisms

bioacoustic adj
bioakustyczny

bioacoustics n
bioakustyka
a cross-disciplinary science that combines biology and acoustics, investigating for instance the mechanisms of sound production and detection

bioactive adj
bioaktywny
having a biological effect

bioastronautical adj
bioastronautyczny

bioastronautics n
bioastronautyka

biobibliographical adj
biobibliograficzny

biobibliography n
biobibliografia
a bibliography that also contains a short biography of the author

biocatalysis n
biokataliza
catalysis using biological catalysts

biocatalyst n
biokatalizator
biochemical catalyst

biocenometer n
biocenometr

biochemical adj
biochemiczny
of or relating to biochemistry
involving chemical processes in living organisms

biochemist n
biochemiczka biochemik
A chemist whose speciality is biochemistry

biochemistry n
biochemia
the chemistry of those compounds that occur in living organisms, and the processes that occur in their metabolism and catabolism
the chemical characteristics of a particular living organism

biochore n
biochora

biocidal adj
biobójczy
able to kill living organisms

biocide /ˈbaɪoʊsaɪd/ /ˈbaɪəʊsaɪd/ n
biocyd
any substance that can destroy living organisms

bioclimatological adj
bioklimatologiczny

bioclimatology n
bioklimatologia
science that studies interaction between biosphere and atmosphere

biocoenological adj
biocenologiczny

biocoenology n
biocenologia biocenotyka
study of bioceonosis

biocoenosis n
biocenoza
community of organisms

biocoenotic adj
biocenotyczny

biocorrosion n
biokorozja

biocosmetic n
biokosmetyk

biocybernetic adj
biocybernetyczny

biocyberneticist n
biocybernetyk

biocybernetics n
biocybernetyka

biodegradability n
biodegradowalność
capacity of a material to decompose over time

biodegradable /(ˌ)baɪoʊdəˈɡɹeɪdəbl̩/ /(ˌ)baɪədəˈɡɹeɪdəbl̩/ adj
biodegradowalny
capable of being decomposed by biological activity

biodegradation n
biodegradacja
decomposition of any material by microorganisms

biodegrade v
biodegradować się
to decompose as a result of biological action

biodiesel n
biodiesel
fuel

biodiverse adj
biologicznie zróżnicowany
biotically diverse

biodiversity /ˌbaɪoʊdɑɪˈvɚsəti/ /ˌbaɪoʊdəˈvɚsəti/ /ˌbaɪə(ʊ)daɪˈvɜːsɪti/ [-ɾi] n
bioróżnorodność
diversity of flora and fauna

biodynamic adj
biodynamiczny
Relating to agriculture according to Anthroposophic precepts

biodynamics n
biodynamika
agriculture

bioecological adj
bioekologiczny

bioecology n
bioekologia

bioelectric adj
bioelektryczny

bioelectricity n
bioprąd
Electricity generated within an organism

bioelectronic adj
bioelektroniczny

bioelectronics n
bioelektronika
application of electronics in biology

bioelement n
biopierwiastek

bioenergetic adj
bioenergetyczny
related to bioenergetics

bioenergetics n
bioenergetyka
study of the energy transformations
therapy

bioenergy n
bioenergia
energy produced from a biological resource
bioenergia bioprąd
New Age

bioengineer n
bioinżynier

bioengineering n
bioinżynieria

bioethical adj
bioetyczny
of or pertaining to bioethics

bioethicist n
bioetyk

bioethics n
bioetyka
branch of ethics

biofact n
biofakt
in archaeology

biofeedback n
biofeedback
measuring a person's bodily functions and conveying the information to the person in real-time

biofield n
biopole pole biologiczne

biofiltration n
biofiltracja

biofuel /ˈbaɪ.əʊˌfjʊ(.ə)l/ n
biopaliwo
biofuel

biogas n
agrogaz biogaz
gas produced by organic waste matter, used as a fuel

biogenetic adj
biogenetyczny
of or pertaining to biogenesis

biogenetics n
biogenetyka inżynieria genetyczna

biogenic adj
biogeniczny
essential for the maintenance of life
biogenny
produced by living organisms, or by a biological process

biogeocenology n
biogeocenologia

biogeochemical adj
biogeochemiczny

biogeochemistry n
biogeochemia
the scientific study of biological, geological and chemical processes in the natural environment

biogeographic adj
biogeograficzny
of or pertaining to biogeography

biogeography n
biogeografia
study of geographical distribution of living things

biographer n
biograf biografka
the writer of a biography

biographical adj
biograficzny
relating to an account of a person's life

biographically adv
biograficznie

biographism n
biografizm

biography /baɪˈɑɡɹəfi/ /baɪˈɒɡɹəfi/ n
biografia
personal life story

biogroup n
biogrupa

biohazard n
zagrożenie biologiczne
biological risk

bioindicator n
bioindykator
indicator of environmental health

bioinformatics /ˌbaɪoʊˌɪnfɚˈmætɪks/ /ˌbaɪəʊˌɪnfəˈmætɪks/ n
bioinformatyka
field of science

biolith n
biolit

biological /ˌbaɪ.ə(ʊ)ˈlɒd͡ʒ.ɪ.kəl/ /ˌbaɪ.əˈlɑ.d͡ʒɪ.kəl/ adj
biologiczny
consanguine
of biology

biological psychology n
biopsychologia
branch of psychology

biological warfare n
wojna biologiczna
use of an organism as a weapon of war

biologically adv
biologicznie
in a biological manner
with regard to biology

biologism n
biologizm

biologist /baɪˈɒləd͡ʒɪst/ n
biolog biolożka
student of biology; one versed in the science of biology

biologization n
biologizacja

biologize v
biologizować

biology /baɪˈɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/ /baɪˈɒl.ə.d͡ʒɪ/ /baɪˌɑl(ə)ˈd͡ʒi/ n
biologia
study of living matter
structure, function, and behavior of an organism or type of organism

bioluminescence /ˌbaɪ̯oʊ̯ˌluməˈnɛsəns/ n
bioluminescencja
emission of light by a living organism

bioluminescent adj
bioluminescencyjny
exhibiting bioluminescence

biomass /ˈbaɪoʊˌmæs/ /ˈbaɪə(ʊ)mæs/ n
biomasa
organic matter from living things which were recently alive used as a fuel or source of energy
total mass of all, or a specified category of, living things within a specific area, habitat, etc.

biomaterial n
biomateriał
material

biome /ˈbaɪ.oʊm/ n
biom
biological community

biomechanical adj
biomechaniczny
of or pertaining to biomechanics

biomechanics n
biomechanika
branch of biophysics
the functioning of a particular part of a body

biomedical /ˌbaɪoʊˈmɛdɪk(ə)l/ /ˌbaɪəʊˈmɛdɪk(ə)l/ adj
biomedyczny
pertaining to biomedicine

biomedicine n
biomedycyna
a branch of medical science

biometeorological adj
biometeorologiczny

biometeorologist n
biometeorolog

biometeorology n
biometeorologia
study of the relationship between the weather and living organisms

biometric adj
biometryczny
of or pertaining to biometry
of, pertaining to, or using biometrics

biometrics n
biometria
measurement of physical characteristics for use in personal identification

biometry n
biometria
analysis of biological statistical data

biomicroscope n
biomikroskop

bionic /ˈbɪˌɒn.ɪk/ adj
bioniczny
related to bionics

bionics /ˈbaɪˌɒnɪks/ n
bionika
engineering based on biological systems

bionomics n
bionomia

bionomy n
bionomia

bioorganic adj
bioorganiczny

biopharmaceutics n
biofarmacja

biophilia /ˌbaɪəʊˈfɪlɪ.ə/ n
biofilia instynkt samozachowawczy
the biological drive to preserve oneself; love of life

biophysical /ˈbaɪəʊˌfɪzɪkəl/ adj
biofizyczny
relating to biophysics

biophysicist n
biofizyk
a biologist or physicist whose speciality is biophysics

biophysics n
biofizyka
science

bioplasm n
biogen

biopolymer n
biopolimer
polymer that occurs in a living organism

biopotential n
biopotencjał potencjał bioelektryczny

biopreparation n
biopreparat

bioprosthesis n
bioproteza

biopsy /ˈbaɪɑpsi/ n
biopsja
removal and examination of a sample of tissue for diagnostic purposes

biopsychic adj
biopsychiczny

bioreactor n
bioreaktor
A fermentation vat containing microorganisms

biorhythm n
biorytm
biological pattern
pseudoscience

biorhythmic adj
biorytmiczny

bioscope n
bioskop
an early form of movie projector

biosensor n
biosensor
devvice for physiological data

biosphere n
biosfera
part of Earth capable of supporting life

biostimulant n
biostymulator

biostimulation n
biostymulacja

biostimulator n
biostymulator

biostratigraphy n
biostratygrafia
the study of the stratigraphic distribution of fossil

biostructure n
biostruktura

biosynthesis n
biosynteza
synthesis of organic compounds

biotechnological /ˈbaɪəʊˌtɛk.nə.lɒdʒ.ɪk.əl/ adj
biotechnologiczny
of or pertaining to biotechnology

biotechnologist n
biotechnolog
one who works in biotechnology

biotechnology /ˈbaɪəʊˌtɛk.nɒl.əʊ.dʒi/ n
biotechnologia
use of living organisms in industrial, agricultural, medical applications

bioterrorism n
bioterroryzm
terrorism that involves biological weapons

bioterrorist /baɪəʊˈtɛɹəɹɪst/ adj
bioterrorystyczny

bioterrorist /baɪəʊˈtɛɹəɹɪst/ n
bioterrorysta

biotic /baɪˈɑ.tɪk/ /baɪˈɒt.ɪk/ adj
biotyczny
of, pertaining to, or produced by life or living organisms

biotin /ˈbaɪətɪn/ n
biotyna
sulfur-containing member of the vitamin B complex

biotite /ˈbaɪəˌtaɪt/ n
biotyt
dark brown mica

biotitic adj
biotytowy

biotope n
biotop
geographical area

biotron n
biotron

biotype n
biotyp

bioweapon /ˈbaɪ.oʊˌwɛ.pən/ /ˈbaɪ.əʊˌwɛ.pən/ n
broń biologiczna
weapon designed for use in biological warfare

bioyogurt n
biogurt

bipartite /baɪˈpɑːtaɪt/ adj
dwuczęściowy
having two parts
dwudzielny
divided into two at the base
graph theory
dwustronny
having two participants; joint

biped /ˈbaɪpɛd/ n
dwunożny
a two-footed (or two-legged) animal

bipedal adj
dwunogi dwunożny
having two feet or two legs

biphenyl n
bifenyl
organic compound

biphobia /ˈbaɪˌfoʊbi.ə/ /ˈbaɪˌfəʊbiːə/ n
bifobia
fear, dislike, or hate of bisexuals

biplane n
dwupłat dwupłatowiec
airplane that has two pairs of wings

bipod /ˈbaɪpɒd/ n
bipod
two-legged stand

bipolar /baɪˈpoʊ.lɚ/ /baɪˈpəʊ.lə/ adj
dwubiegunowy bipolarny
involving both poles

bipolar disorder n
zaburzenia dwubiegunowe zaburzenie afektywne dwubiegunowe
psychiatric diagnostic category

bipolarism n
bipolarność bipolaryzm

bipolarity n
bipolarność
state of being bipolar

bipolarization n
bipolaryzacja

biquadratic adj
bikwadratowy dwukwadratowy

birch /bɜːtʃ/ /bɝt͡ʃ/ n
brzoza
tree
wood
rózga
punishment device

birch mouse n
smużka
rodent

birchen adj
brzozowy
made of birch

bird /bɘːd/ /bɜd/ /bɜɹd/ /bɜːd/ [bəɪd] [bɜɹɖ] n
fak środkowy palec
vulgar hand gesture
ptak
animal

bird cherry n
czeremcha
Prunus padus

bird of ill omen n
posłaniec złych wieści
a person who brings bad news

bird of paradise n
cudowronka rajski ptak
bird

bird of prey n
ptak drapieżny
carnivorous bird

bird table n
karmnik
construction for supplying food for birds

bird's-eye view n
z lotu ptaka
view from directly or high above

birdbrain /ˈbɚd.bɹeɪn/ /ˈbɜː(ɹ)d.bɹeɪn/ n
kurzy móżdżek ptasi móżdżek
someone who is not intelligent

birdfeeder n
karmnik
a device placed outdoors to supply food to birds

birdie /ˈbɜːdi/ /ˈbɝdi/ n
ptaszek ptaszyna
bird, birdling

birdlife n
awifauna ornitofauna
birds collectively

birds of a feather flock together proverb
ciągnie swój do swego
people of similar character, etc. tend to associate

birdsong n
trel
musical sound made by a bird

birdwatching /ˈbɜː(ɹ)dˌwɒtʃ.ɪŋ/ n
obserwacja ptaków
observing wild birds

bireme n
birema diera
galley

biretta n
biret
square cap

birotate /baɪˈɹəʊteɪt/ adj
dwukołowy
two-wheeled

birr /bɪə/ /bɪɚ/ n
birr
currency

birth /bɜːð/ /bɜːθ/ /bɝð/ /bɝθ/ n
narodziny narodzenie urodzenie
process of childbearing; beginning of life
poród
instance of childbirth

birth certificate n
akt urodzenia
official document certifying the details of a person's birth

birth control n
antykoncepcja
voluntary control of the number of children conceived

birthday /ˈbɜːθ.deɪ/ /ˈbɜːθ.dɪ/ /ˈbɝθˌdeɪ/ n
data urodzenia
date of birth
urodziny
anniversary

birthday boy n
solenizant
a male of any age whose birthday it is

birthday cake n
tort urodzinowy
a cake made to celebrate a birthday

birthday girl n
solenizantka
a woman or girl whose birthday it is

birthday party n
przyjęcie urodzinowe urodziny
a party held to celebrate a birthday

birthday suit n
strój Adama
nakedness

birthmark n
znak szczególny znamię
a mark on the skin formed before birth

birthplace /ˈbɝθˌpleɪs/ n
miejsce urodzenia
location where a person is born

birthrate n
współczynnik urodzeń
rate of live births to population

birthright n
przyrodzone prawo
something that is owed since birth, due to inheritance

birthright citizenship n
prawo ziemi
birthright citizenship

birthwort n
kokornak
Aristolochia

biscuit /bɪs.ˈkwit/ /ˈbɪskɪt/ n
biszkoptowy
light brown colour
ciastko herbatnik
small, flat baked good

bisector /ˈbaɪˌsɛktɚ/ n
dwusieczna
A line or curve that bisects or divides a line segment, angle, or other figure into two equal parts

bisexual /baɪˈsɛk.sju.əl/ /baɪˈsɛk.ʃu.əl/ adj
biseksualny
sexually attracted to both men and women.
biseksualny dwupłciowy
botany: having both male and female organs

bisexual /baɪˈsɛk.sju.əl/ /baɪˈsɛk.ʃu.əl/ n
biseksualista biseks biseksualistka
bisexual person

bisexuality n
biseksualizm
psychology

bisexually adv
biseksualnie
in a bisexual way

bishop /ˈbɪʃəp/ n
biskup
church official, supervisor of priests and congregations
goniec laufer
chess piece

bishop's weed n
aminek większy
Ammi majus

bishoplike adj
biskupi

bishoply adj
biskupi

bishopric /ˈbɪʃəpɹɪk/ n
biskupstwo
function of being bishop
biskupstwo diecezja
diocese

bismuth /ˈbɪz.məθ/ n
bizmut
chemical element

bismuthate n
bizmutan

bismuthinite n
bizmutynit

bisociation n
bisocjacja

bison /ˈbaɪ̯sən/ /ˈbaɪ̯zən/ n
bizon
American bison, Bison bison
żubr
European bison, Bison bonasus

bisque /bɪsk/ n
biskwit
form of unglazed earthenware

bisque /bɪsk/ v
biskwitować

bisqueware n
wyroby biskwitowe

bistort /ˈbɪs.tɔɹt/ /ˈbɪs.tɔːt/ n
rdest
any of several perennial herbs, classified in genera Bistorta, Persicaria, or Polygonum, having spikes of pink flowers

bistre /ˈbɪstə(ɹ)/ /ˈbɪstɚ/ n
bistr
brown pigment
bistrowy
mid-to-dark brown

bistro /ˈbiːstɹoʊ/ /ˈbiːstɹəʊ/ /ˈbɪstɹoʊ/ /ˈbɪstɹəʊ/ n
bistro
small restaurant

bit /bɪt/ n
bit
rotary cutting tool
kawałek
small amount of something
kawałek porcja
portion
wędzidło
metal in horse's mouth
bit
computing: smallest unit of storage
math: binary digit

bit by bit adv
krok po kroku po trochu
a small amount at a time

bit player n
figurant figurantka
actor with a minor role

bitch /bɪt͡s/ /bɪt͡ʃ/ n
cholerstwo diabelstwo
difficult or confounding problem
dupa
a woman
suka bladź pinda
disagreeable, aggressive person, usually female
suka lisica wilczyca
female canine

bitch /bɪt͡s/ /bɪt͡ʃ/ v
psioczyć
complain (about something) spitefully

bitch fight /ˈbɪtʃ ˈfaɪt/ n
walka ciot walka pedałów
(vulgar) a fight between gay men
walka dziwek
(vulgar) a fight between women

bitcoin /ˈbɪtˌkɔɪn/ n
bitcoin
cryptocurrency

bite /baɪt/ n
kęs
mouthful
ugryzienie
wound left behind after having been bitten
act of biting
ukąszenie
swelling of one's skin caused by an insect's mouthparts or sting

bite /baɪt/ v
chwycić chwytać
bite a baited hook or other lure
gryźć
hold something by clamping one’s teeth
gryźć kąsać ugryźć ukąsić
attack with the teeth
kupować
fall for a deception
kąsać odgryzać odgryźć
cut into by clamping the teeth
kąsać ukąsić użądlić żądlić
sting

bite off more than one can chew v
porywać się z motyką na słońce
To try to do too much

bite one's tongue v
gryźć się w język ugryźć się w język
prevent oneself from uttering a word

bite the bullet v
zacisnąć zęby
accept or endure a negative aspect of a situation in order to proceed.

bite the dust v
kopnąć w kalendarz spaść z rowerka
to die

bite-sized adj
na jeden kąs
small enough to be eaten in one bite
uproszczony
broken down into small pieces that are individually easy to understand or manage

bitfield n
pole bitowe

bitmap n
bitmapa mapa bitowa
a series of bits

bitonality n
bitonalność
bitonality

bitrate n
przepływność szybkość transmisji bitów
frequency of bits at passing point

bitstock n
korba stolarska
drill bit-carrying crank for boring holes

bitter /ˈbɪtə(ɹ)/ /ˈbɪtɚ/ [ˈbɪtʰə] [ˈbɪɾɚ] [ˈbɪʔə] adj
gorzki
having an acrid taste
harsh, piercing or stinging
hateful or hostile
zgorzkniały gorzki
cynical and resentful

bitter bolete n
goryczak
Tylopilus felleus

bitter melon /ˈbɪtəɹ ˈmɛlən/ n
balsamka ogórkowata przepękla ogórkowata
fruit of Momordica charantia
plant Momordica charantia

bitter orange n
pomarańcza gorzka
fruit
tree

bittercress n
gorczycznik pospolity
Barbarea vulgaris
rzeżucha
plant of Cardamine

bittern /ˈbɪtən/ /ˈbɪtəɹn/ n
bąk
bird of the subfamily Botaurinae

bitterness /ˈbɪtənəs/ n
gorycz gorzkość
quality of being bitter in taste

bittersweet /ˈbɪtɚˌswit/ /ˌbɪtɚˈswit/ [ˈbɪɾɚˌswiʔt̚] adj
słodko-gorzki
both bitter and sweet
zaprawiony kroplą goryczy
expressing contrasting emotions of pain and pleasure

bittersweet /ˈbɪtɚˌswit/ /ˌbɪtɚˈswit/ [ˈbɪɾɚˌswiʔt̚] n
dławisz
a vine, of the genus Celastrus
psianka słodkogórz
bittersweet nightshade, Solanum dulcamara

bitumen /baɪˈtumən/ /bɪˈtjumən/ /bɪˈtumən/ /ˈbɪt.jʊ.mɪn/ /ˈbɪt͡ʃ.ʊ.mɪn/ n
bitum bitumen bitumin
Mineral pitch

bituminization n
bitumizacja

bituminize v
bitumować
treat with bitumen

bituminous adj
bitumiczny bitumowy

bituminousness n
bitumiczność

biuret n
biuret

bivalent /baɪˈveɪlənt/ /ˈbɪvələnt/ adj
dwuwartościowy
having a valence of 2

bivariance n
bycie [[dwu-]]zmienną

bivariant adj
dwuzmienna
having two independent variables

bivouac /ˈbɪv.u.æk/ /ˈbɪv.wæk/ n
biwak
encampment for the night, usually without tents or covering
a temporary shelter for a few nights

bivouac /ˈbɪv.u.æk/ /ˈbɪv.wæk/ v
biwakować zabiwakować
to set up camp

bivouacer n
biwakowicz biwakowiczka

biwa n
biwa
lute

biweekly /baɪˈwiːkli/ adj
copółtygodniowy
occurring twice a week
dwutygodniowy codwutygodniowy
occurring every two weeks

biweekly /baɪˈwiːkli/ adv
codwutygodniowo dwutygodniowo
every two weeks
copółtygodniowo dwa razy na tydzień dwa razy w tygodniu
twice a week

biweekly /baɪˈwiːkli/ n
dwutygodnik
something published or released once every two weeks

bizarre /bəˈzɑɹ/ /bəˈzɑː(ɹ)/ /bɪˈzɑɹ/ /bɪˈzɑː(ɹ)/ adj
dziwny arcydziwny cudaczny przedziwny
strangely unconventional

bizarrely adv
arcydziwnie dziwnie kuriozalnie przedziwnie
in a bizarre manner

black /blæk/ adj
czarny
absorbing all light
illegitimate, illegal or disgraced
of coffee or tea, without milk or other whitener
bad; evil
chess, checkers etc.: color opposing "white"
czarny czarnoskóry murzyński
relating to people with dark skin

black /blæk/ n
czerń czarny
colour/color
murzyn murzynka czarny
dark-skinned person

black alder n
olsza czarna
Alnus glutinosa tree

black and white adj
czarno na białym
clear cut

black antshrike n
chronka czarna
bird

black art n
czarna magia
witchcraft, sorcery, black magic, etc.

black bile n
czarna żółć

black bloc n
czarny blok
group of individuals during a demonstration

black box n
czarna skrzynka
recorders in an aircraft
theoretical construct or device

black caraway n
czarnuszka
spice
czarnuszka siewna
Nigella sativa

black cat n
czarnego kota czarny kot
black-furred cat

black child n
Murzynek
black child

black crowned crane n
koronnik czarny
Balearica pavonina

black dwarf n
czarny karzeł
cooled white dwarf

black eye n
limo podbite oko podkowa
bruised eye

black frost n
przymrozek
cold freezing and turning vegetation black

black gold n
czarne złoto
petroleum

black grouse /ˈblæk ɡɹɑʊs/ n
cietrzew
Lyrurus tetrix

black guillemot n
nurnik białoskrzydły
black guillemot

black hole /blæk ˈhoʊl/ /blæk ˈhəʊl/ n
czarna dziura
celestial body

black humor n
czarny humor
subgenre of comedy

black ice n
gołoledź czarny lód szklanka ślizgawica ślizgawka
invisible film of ice

black legend n
czarna legenda

black letter n
gotyk
a Northern-European style of type

black locust n
robinia
Robinia pseudoacacia

black magic n
czarna magia
magic derived from evil forces

black market n
czarny rynek
trade that is in violation of restrictions, rationing or price controls

black match n
lont z prochem czarnym

black mulberry n
morwa czarna
fruit
tree

black olive n
czarna oliwka
olive picked after it has ripened

black panther /blak ˈpænθə/ /ˈblæk ˈpænθɚ/ n
czarna pantera
melanistic colour variant of the leopard or the jaguar

black pepper n
czarny pieprz pieprz
spice

black pudding n
kaszanka
blood sausage with high proportion of cereal

black rat n
szczur śniady
Rattus rattus

black redstart n
kopciuszek
a small passerine bird

black rhinoceros n
nosorożec czarny
Diceros bicornis

black rice n
ryż czarny
type of rice

black salsify n
wężymord czarny korzeń skorzonera wężymord
Scorzonera hispanica

black sheep n
czarna owca
person who is not wholesome

black skimmer n
brzytwodziób amerykański
bird

black stork n
bocian czarny
Ciconia nigra

black supremacy /ˈblæk suˈpɹɛməsi/ n
czarna supremacja
ideology

black swan /blæk ˈswɑn/ /blæk ˈswɒn/ n
łabędź czarny
Cygnus atratus

black tea n
czarna herbata
tea leaves which have been "fermented"

black woodpecker /ˈblækˈwʊdpɛkə(ɹ)/ n
dzięcioł czarny dzięcioł czarny
Dryocopus martius

black-and-white adj
czarno-biały monochromatyczny
displaying images in shades of grey/gray
using shades of grey/gray

black-and-white television n
telewizja czarno-biała
system
telewizor czarno-biały
set

black-billed capercaillie n
głuszec czarnodzioby
Tetrao parvirostris

black-billed magpie n
sroka czarnodzioba
Pica hudsonia

black-box function n
funkcja czarnej skrzynki

black-capped chickadee n
sikora jasnoskrzydła
Poecile atricapillus

black-crested antshrike n
mrowiec czarnoczuby
bird

black-crowned night heron n
ślepowron
Nycticorax nycticorax

black-eyed pea n
fasolnik chiński fasolnik wężowy wspięga wężowata
cowpea plant Vigna unguiculata or Vigna unguiculata subsp. unguiculata

black-faced bunting n
trznadel szarogłowy
Emberiza spodocephala

black-haired adj
czarnowłosy
having black hair

black-headed bunting n
trznadel czarnogłowy
Emberiza melanocephala

black-headed gull n
mewa śmieszka śmieszka
Chroicocephalus ridibundus

black-hooded antshrike n
chronka żałobna
passerine bird

black-legged kittiwake n
mewa trójpalczasta
Rissa tridactyla

black-necked crane n
żuraw czarnoszyi
Grus nigricollis

black-throated accentor n
płochacz czarnogardły
Prunella atrogularis

black-throated antshrike n
mrówkodzierzb czarnogardly
passerine bird

black-throated thrush n
drozd czarnogardły
Turdus atrogularis

black-winged kite n
kaniuk zwyczajny
Elanus caeruleus

black-winged pratincole n
żwirowiec stepowy
Glareola nordmanni

blackberry /ˈblækbəɹi/ /ˈblækbɛɹi/ /ˈblækbɹi/ n
jeżyna ostrężyna ożyna
fruit
shrub

blackbird /ˈblakbəːd/ /ˈblækˌbɚd/ n
kos kos zwyczajny
Turdus merula: blackbird

blackboard /ˈblækboɹd/ /ˈblækbɔɹd/ /ˈblækbɔːd/ n
tablica
a surface that can be written upon with chalk

blackbody n
ciało doskonale czarne
an idealized object that absorbs all electromagnetic radiation that falls on it

blackcurrant /ˈblækˌkɜɹənt/ /ˈblækˌkʌɹənt/ n
czarna porzeczka
berry
shrub

blacken /ˈblækən/ v
czernieć poczernieć sczernieć
become black
czernić zaczernić
make black
oczerniać oczernić
defame, sully

blackish /ˈblækɪʃ/ adj
czarnawy
somewhat black

blackish-gray antshrike n
chronka ciemna
passerine bird

blackjack /ˈblækd͡ʒæk/ n
blackjack
card game (the game where the aim is to score as close to twenty-one as possible without going over that amount)

blackleg n
szuler
person who cheats in a game

blacklist /ˈblæklɪst/ n
czarna lista wilczy bilet
list or set of people or entities to be shunned or banned

blacklist /ˈblæklɪst/ v
włączyć do czarnej listy
to place on a blacklist

blackmail n
szantaż
extortion of money by threats of public accusation, exposure, or censure

blackmail v
szantażować
to extort money

blackmailer n
szantażysta szantażystka
someone who blackmails

blackness /ˈblæknəs/ n
czerń
state or quality of being black

blackout /ˈblæk.aʊt/ /ˈblæk.ʌʊt/ n
zamroczenie
a temporary loss of consciousness
zanik pamięci
a temporary loss of memory

blackshirt n
czarna koszula
uniformed Italian fascist, member of a paramilitary wing of the party

blacksmith /ˈblæk.smɪθ/ n
kowal
iron forger

blackthorn /ˈblækˌθɔɹn/ /ˈblækˌθɔːn/ n
tarnina śliwa tarnina tarka tarń
Prunus spinosa

blacktop /ˈblæktɒp/ n
bitum
bituminous black paving material

bladder /ˈblædə/ /ˈblædɚ/ n
pęcherz
flexible sac in zoology
inflatable bag inside a ball
hollow inflatable organ in botany

bladder cherry n
miechunka rozdęta
Physalis alkekengi

bladder wrack n
baniopień
Nereocystis luetkeana

bladdernut n
kłokoczka
Staphylea

bladderpod n
lobelia rozdęta
Lobelia inflata, Indian tobacco, pukeweed

bladderwort n
pływacz
Utricularia

blade /bleɪd/ n
karkówka
cut of beef
końcówka pióro płoza łopata łopatka
flat, functional end of a tool or utensil, such as a propeller, oar, hockey stick, screwdriver, or skate
ostrze
typically sharp-edged working end of a knife or other cutting tool
a weapon such as a dagger
skrzydło łopata łopatka
airfoil in windmills and windturbines
źdźbło
narrow leaf of a grass or cereal
the flat part of a leaf or petal

blade of grass n
źdźbło
a single instance of a plant described by the mass noun grass

bladed /ˈbleɪdɪd/ adj
sieczny
having a blade, or certain number or type of them

blagger /ˈblæɡɚ/ n
bajerant bajerantka blagier blagierka koloryzator picer
a persuasive person

blague n
blaga

blah /bla/ /blɑː/ n
ecie-pecie ple ple
nonsense talk

blah blah blah interjection
ple ple
a stand-in for trivial, obvious, or boring content

blame /bleɪm/ n
wina
state of having caused a bad event

blame /bleɪm/ v
obwiniać obwinić winić
place blame upon

blanc n
blansz
cosmetic

blanch /blænt͡ʃ/ /blɑːnt͡ʃ/ v
blanszować zblanszować
to cook by dipping briefly into boiling water, then directly into cold water

blancher /ˈblænt͡ʃɚ/ /ˈblɑːnt͡ʃɚ/ n
blanszownik
machine

blancmange /bləˈmɑndʒ/ /bləˈmɑnʒ/ /bləˈmɒndʒ/ /bləˈmɒnʒ/ n
blamanż
dessert

bland /blænd/ adj
bez smaku mdły nijaki bezbarwny blady
lacking in taste or flavor
delikatny łagodny
mild; soft; gentle; smooth in manner; suave
uspakajający
having a soothing effect; not irritating or stimulating

blandly /ˈblændli/ adv
bezbarwnie bezpłciowo

blandness n
bezbarwność bezpłciowość nijakość
state, quality, or characteristic of being bland

blank /blæŋk/ adj
bezbarwny
without color
czysty pusty niewypełniony niezadrukowany niezapisany
free from writing, printing or marks

blank /blæŋk/ n
puste miejsce
space to be filled in on a form or template
void space on a paper
spacja
space character
ślepy nabój
simulation cartridge

blank verse n
wiersz biały
a poetic form with regular meter

blanket /ˈblæŋkɪt/ n
koc
fabric

blaspheme /ˈblæs.fim/ /ˌblæsˈfiːm/ /ˌblɑːsˈfiːm/ v
bluźnić zbluźnić
to speak against God or religious doctrine

blasphemer n
bluźnierca
One who commits blasphemy

blasphemous /ˈblæs.fəm.əs/ /ˈblæs.fəm.ʌs/ adj
bluźnierczy
lacking piety or respect for the sacred

blasphemously adv
bluźnierczo

blasphemy /ˈblæs.fə.mi/ n
bluźnierstwo blasfemia profanacja świętokradztwo
irreverence toward something sacred

blast /blæst/ /blɑːst/ n
wybuch eksplozja
explosion

blast furnace n
wielki piec
furnace where iron ore is smelted

blastema n
blastema
a clump of undifferentiated cells or blasts from which an organ or body part will develop

blasto- prefix
blasto-
bud, budding, germination

blastocoel n
blastocel
the fluid-filled cavity in a blastula

blastocyst n
blastocysta
mammalian blastula

blastoderm /ˈblæstəˌdɚm/ n
blastoderma
point from which the embryo develops

blastoid n
blastoid
echinoderm

blastomere n
blastomer
any cell that results from division of a fertilized egg

blastomycosis n
blastomykoza

blastopore n
pragęba
the opening into the archenteron

blastula n
blastula
an early form in the development of an embryo

blasé /blɑˈzeɪ/ /ˈblɑːzeɪ/ adj
zblazowany
unimpressed with something because of over-familiarity

blat /blæt/ n
blat
connections; relationships; one's social or business network (Russia)

blatant /ˈbleɪtənt/ adj
krzykliwy rażący
obvious, on show

blather /blæðə(ɹ)/ n
bredzenie
nonsensical or foolish talk

blather /blæðə(ɹ)/ v
bajtlować zbajtlować
to talk rapidly without making much sense

blazar /ˈbleɪ.zɑɹ/ n
blazar
astronomy: a very compact quasar, associated with a supermassive black hole

blazer /ˈbleɪzə/ /ˈbleɪzɚ/ n
blezer
a jacket

blazon /ˈbleɪzən/ n
blazonowanie
description of a coat of arms

blazon /ˈbleɪzən/ v
blazonować
to describe of a coat of arms

bleach /bliːt͡ʃ/ [blit͡ʃ] [bliːt͡ʃ] n
wybielacz
chemical

bleach /bliːt͡ʃ/ [blit͡ʃ] [bliːt͡ʃ] v
bielić wybielić
to treat with bleach

bleacher /ˈbli.t͡ʃɚ/ /ˈbliː.t͡ʃə/ n
trybuna
seating for spectators

bleachery n
bielarnia

bleak /bliːk/ n
ukleja
small European river fish

blear /blɪə(ɹ)/ adj
kaprawy mętny
dim

blear /blɪə(ɹ)/ v
zamglić
make blurred or dim

bleary /ˈblɪəɹi/ /ˈblɪɹi/ adj
wyczerpany zmęczony
Tired, having senses dulled by exhaustion

bleat /ˈbliːt/ n
bek
cry of a sheep or a goat

bleat /ˈbliːt/ v
beczeć
to make the cry of a sheep or goat
informal: to complain

bleaty adj
bekliwy

bleed /ˈbliːd/ n
krawędź
edge around layout
krwawienie krwotok
incident of bleeding

bleed /ˈbliːd/ v
krwawić
lose blood
krwawić powoli tracić
steadily lose
odpowietrzać odpowietrzyć
remove air bubbles
puszczać z torbami puścić z torbami
take money from
rozprzestrzeniać się
spread and stain
stukać stuknąć
tap off high-pressure gas

bleed out v
wykrwawić się wykrwawiać się
die due to excess bloodloss

bleeder /ˈblidɚ/ /ˈbliːdə/ n
hemofilik
person who is easily made to bleed

bleeding /ˈbliːdɪŋ/ n
krwawienie
the flow or loss of blood from a damaged blood vessel

blend /blɛnd/ n
mieszanka
mixture

blended family n
rodzina patchworkowa
a stepfamily in which both new mates have one or more living children from prior partners

blender /ˈblɛn.də/ /ˈblɛn.dɚ/ n
mikser blender
machine

blepharoplasty n
plastyka powiek
plastic surgery on the eyelid

blepharoptosis n
blefaroptoza
drooping of the upper eyelid

bless /blɛs/ v
błogosławić
confer blessing on

bless you interjection
na zdrowie
said to somebody who has sneezed

blessed /blɛst/ /ˈblɛsɪd/ adj
błogosławiony
having divine aid, or protection, or other blessing
In Catholicism, a title indicating the beatification of a person

blessed thistle n
drapacz
Centaurea benedicta

blessedness /ˈblɛsɪdnɪs/ n
błogostan błogość
condition or state of being blessed

blessing /ˈblɛs.ɪŋ/ n
błogosławieństwo
act of declaring, seeking or bestowing favor
divine or supernatural aid or reward
pronouncement invoking divine aid
thing one is glad of
good fortune

blessing in disguise n
szczęście w nieszczęściu
A seeming misfortune that turns out to be for the best

blight /blaɪt/ n
zgnilizna
plant disease

blighter n
gagatek ziółko
person

blimp /blɪmp/ n
sterowiec sterowiec ciśnieniowy
airship

blind /blaɪnd/ adj
na ślepo w ciemno
without any prior knowledge
ślepy niewidomy
unable to see

blind /blaɪnd/ n
zasłona
covering for a window

blind /blaɪnd/ v
oślepiać oślepić
make temporarily or permanently blind

blind carbon copy n
kopia ukryta ukryta kopia ukryte do wiadomości
copy of an email message

blind date n
randka w ciemno
romantic meeting between two people who have never met before

blind drunk adj
nawalony jak Messerschmitt pijany jak bela pijany jak szewc pijany jak świnia pijany w sztok urżnięty
completely intoxicated

blind hole n
ślepy otwór

blind leading the blind phraseologicalUnit
ślepiec prowadzi ślepca
situation in which an unqualified person is attempting to guide, advise, or train others

blind man's buff n
ciuciubabka ślepa babka
game where someone is blindfolded and tries to catch the others

blind spot n
martwe pole
part of the road/railway track/tramway track that cannot be seen
plamka ślepa plamka Mariotte'a
place where the optic nerve attaches to the retina

blindage n
blindaż
cover or protection for an advanced trench or approach

blindly /ˈblaɪndli/ adv
po omacku
without consideration or question
po omacku na oślep
sightlessly

blindness /ˈblaɪndnəs/ n
ślepota
condition of being blind

blindside /ˈblaɪndˌsaɪd/ v
zaskakiwać zaskoczyć
catch off guard

blini n
blin
buckwheat pancakes

blink /blɪŋk/ v
migać mignąć
to flash headlights
migać mrugać
to flash on and off at regular intervals
mrugać mrugnąć
to close and reopen both eyes quickly
mrugnąć
to send a signal with a lighting device

blink of an eye n
okamgnienie
moment (a very short period of time)

blinker /ˈblɪŋkə/ /ˈblɪŋkəɹ/ n
klapka
eye shield

blintz n
blin

bliss /blɪs/ n
błogostan błogość
perfect happiness

blissful adj
błogi
full of joy

blissfully /ˈblɪsfli/ /ˈblɪsfəli/ adv
błogo
in a joyful manner

blister /ˈblɪstə(ɹ)/ /ˈblɪstɚ/ n
pęcherz bąbel pęcherzyk
bubble on the skin

blister pack n
blister
one of several types of plastic packaging

blistered adj
bąblasty
having blisters

blisterlike adj
bąblisty

blithely /ˈblaɪðli/ adv
beztrosko niefrasobliwie

blitzkrieg n
blitzkrieg wojna błyskawiczna
fast military offensive

blizzard /ˈblɪ.zəd/ /ˈblɪ.zɚd/ n
nawał nawała
figuratively: large amount of paperwork
large number of similar things
zamieć zadymka śnieżyca
severe snowstorm

bloc /blɑk/ /blɒk/ n
blok
group of countries
group of voters or politicians

block /blɑk/ /blɒk/ n
bloczydło blok
residential building consisting of flats
blok
computing: logical data storage unit
substantial often approximately cuboid piece
programming: region of code that acts as single unit
philately: joined group of stamps, forming square
volleyball: defensive play

block /blɑk/ /blɒk/ v
blokować zablokować zablokowywać
to fill, making it impossible to pass
to impede opponent
to prevent an action
to prevent passing

block and tackle n
wielokrążek
system of several pulleys

blockade /blɑˈkeɪd/ /blɒˈkeɪd/ n
blokada
isolation of something
nautical: ships or other forces used to effect a naval blockade
physical blocking or surrounding of a place

blockade /blɑˈkeɪd/ /blɒˈkeɪd/ v
blokować
to create a blockade against

blockage n
blokada
thing blocking

blockbuster /ˈblɑkˌbʌs.tɚ/ /ˈblɒkˌbʌs.tə(ɹ)/ n
blockbuster hit
film or book, that sustains exceptional and widespread popularity and achieves enormous sales

blockchain n
łańcuch bloków
shared record

blocker n
bloker
something or someone that blocks

blockhead n
bałwan bałwanica bęcwał dureń przygłup tępak
stupid person

blockheaded adj
bałwanowaty bałwański
stupid

blockheadedness n
bałwaństwo
condition of being blockheaded

blockheadism n
bałwaństwo
stupidity

blockhouse n
blokhauz
a sturdy military fortification, often of concrete, with gunports

blog /blɑɡ/ /blɒɡ/ n
blog
a personal or corporate website

blog /blɑɡ/ /blɒɡ/ v
blogować
to contribute to a blog

blogger /ˈblɒ.ɡə(ɹ)/ /ˈblɔ.ɡɚ/ n
bloger blogerka blogowicz blogowiczka
contributor to a blog

blogosphere /ˈblɒɡ.əʊ.ˌsfɪɚ/ n
blogosfera
the totality of blogs

bloke /bloʊk/ /bləʊk/ n
facet koleś
(Britain, informal) fellow, man

blond /blɑnd/ /blɒnd/ adj
blond
having blond hair
of a pale golden colour

blond /blɑnd/ /blɒnd/ n
blond
a pale yellowish color
blondynka blondyn blondas
fair-haired person

blood /blʊd/ /blʌd/ n
krew
family relationship due to birth, e.g. between siblings
blood test or blood sample
krew farba jucha posoka
vital liquid flowing in human and animal bodies

blood /blʊd/ /blʌd/ v
krwawić
to cause to be covered with blood

blood cell n
krwinka
any of the cells normally found in the blood

blood clot n
zakrzep skrzeplina
clot formed from platelets and other elements

blood donation n
krwiodawstwo
donating one's blood

blood donor n
krwiodawczyni krwiodawca
person who donates blood

blood flow n
przepływ krwi
continuous circulation of blood in the cardiovascular system

blood is thicker than water proverb
krew nie woda
relationships are stronger within the family

blood moon n
czerwony księżyc
moon as it appears during a total lunar eclipse

blood plasma n
osocze osocze krwi
clear fluid portion of blood

blood pressure /ˈblʌd ˌpɹɛʃə(ɹ)/ n
ciśnienie krwi ciśnienie tętnicze
pressure exerted by the blood against the walls of the arteries and veins

blood relation n
pokrewieństwo
person

blood relationship /ˈblʌd ɹɪˈleɪʃənʃɪp/ n
więzy krwi
state of being related by “blood”, i.e., through birth

blood sausage n
kaszanka
type of sausage

blood test n
badanie krwi
a serologic analysis of a sample of blood

blood transfusion n
transfuzja krwi transfuzja
taking blood from one and giving it to another individual

blood type n
grupa krwi
blood classification

blood vessel n
naczynie krwionośne
component of the circulatory system that carries blood

blood, sweat and tears n
krwawica
person's determination and hard work

bloodbath /ˈblʌdˌbæθ/ /ˈblʌdˌbɑːθ/ n
rzeź krwawa łaźnia
indiscriminate killing or slaughter

bloodhound /ˈblʌd.haʊnd/ n
ogar
dog

bloodless adj
bezkrwawy
taking place without loss of blood
bezkrwisty
lacking blood
lacking emotion or vivacity

bloodlessly adv
bezkrwawo
in a bloodless manner

bloodlessness n
anemiczność
the characteristic of being bloodless

bloodletting n
upust krwi
ancient medical practice

bloodshed /ˈblʌdˌʃɛd/ n
rozlew krwi
shedding or spilling of blood
rozlew krwi przelew krwi
carnage, destruction of life, slaughter

bloodstained adj
krwawy zakrwawiony
stained, spotted or otherwise discolored with blood

bloodstone n
heliotrop
green chalcedony sprinkled with red spots or veins of hematite

bloodstream /ˈblʌd.stɹɪim/ n
krwiobieg
flow of blood through the circulatory system of an animal

bloodsucker n
krwiopijca
animal that drinks the blood of others
krwiopijca krwiopijczyni
one who attempts to take as much from others as possible

bloodthirst n
krwiożerczość
eagerness for bloodshed

bloodthirsty /ˈblʌdˌθɚsti/ /ˈblʌdθəːsti/ adj
krwiożerczy żądny krwi
thirsty for blood

bloody /ˈblɜ.ɖiː/ /ˈblʌ.diː/ /ˈbɫɐ.diː/ adj
cholerny jebany kurewski pieprzony
intensifier
krwawy
characterised by great bloodshed
krwawy zakrwawiony
covered in blood

bloody dock n
szczaw gajowy
Rumex sanguineus

bloody mary n
krwawa mary
cocktail made from vodka and tomato juice

blossom /ˈblɑ.səm/ /ˈblɒ.səm/ n
kwiat
flowers on trees
kwitnienie okres kwitnienia
state or season for such flowers

blossom /ˈblɑ.səm/ /ˈblɒ.səm/ v
kwitnąć
have or open into blossoms

blotting paper n
bibuła
absorbent paper used to dry ink

blouse /blaʊs/ /blaʊz/ /bluːz/ n
bluza
military: a loose-fitting uniform jacket
bluzka bluza
an outer garment, usually loose, that is similar to a shirt

blow /bloʊ/ /bləʊ/ v
dmuchać dąć dmuchnąć zadąć
to blow a musical instrument to make it give a sound
dmuchać wiać dąć
to produce an air current
lizać pałę obciągać chuja obciągać fiuta obciągać loda robić loda
to fellate
przepuszczać przepuścić
to squander
wybuchać wybuchnąć
to explode
zdmuchnąć dmuchać
to propel by an air current
zwiać zwiewać
to leave

blow hot and cold v
Panu Bogu świeczkę i diabłu ogarek siedzieć jednym tyłkiem na dwóch stołkach siedzieć na dwóch stołkach
inconsistent behavior

blow off steam v
wyszaleć się wyszumieć się
to vent to relieve stress

blow one's nose v
smarkać smarknąć wydmuchać wydmuchiwać wydmuchnąć wysmarkiwać
to expel mucus from nose

blow out v
zdmuchnąć
extinguish

blow over v
ucichać ucichnąć
to pass naturally; to go away; to settle or calm down

blow to kingdom come /ˈbloʊ tə ˌkɪŋdəm ˈkʌm/ /ˈbləʊ tə ˌkɪŋdəm ˈkʌm/ [-ɾə-] v
zetrzeć z powierzchni ziemi
to totally destroy (something)

blow up v
napompować balon pompować balon
to inflate
wybuchać
to explode (intransitive)
wysadzać
to explode (transitive)

blower /ˈbləʊɚ/ n
dmuchawa
device

blowfish n
ryba rozdymkowata
any species of fish of the family Tetraodontidae that have the ability to inflate themselves to a globe

blowgun n
dmuchawka
weapon

blowjob /ˈbloʊd͡ʒɑb/ /ˈbləʊdʒɒb/ n
obciąganie robienie loda ssanie chuja ssanie fiuta ssanie pały
the act of fellatio

blowpipe n
dmuchawka
narrow pipe to blow glassware

blowtorch /ˈbloʊˌtoɹt͡ʃ/ /ˈbləʊˌtɔːtʃ/ n
lampa lutownicza opalarka palnik lutowniczy
tool

bludgeon /ˈblʌd͡ʒ.ən/ n
pałka
short heavy club

bludgeon /ˈblʌd͡ʒ.ən/ v
walnąć
to club, hit with a bludgeon

blue /bljuː/ /blu/ /bluː/ /blɪʊ̯/ adj
niebieski błękitny błękit
blue-colored

blue /bljuː/ /blu/ /bluː/ /blɪʊ̯/ n
modraszek
butterfly of the subfamily Polyommatinae
niebieski błękit
colour

blue /bljuː/ /blu/ /bluː/ /blɪʊ̯/ v
błękitnieć niebieszczeć zbłękitnieć zniebieszczeć
to turn blue
niebieścić zabłękitnić zaniebieszczać zaniebieszczyć
to make blue

blue blood n
błękitna krew
noble or aristocratic ancestry

blue catfish n
sumik błękitny
freshwater catfish

blue cheese /blu ˈtʃiz/ /bluː ˈtʃiːz/ n
niebieski ser ser pleśniowy
kind of cheese with bluish mold

blue crane n
żuraw Stanleya żuraw błękitny żuraw rajski
Grus paradisea

blue devils n
dołek
low spirits

blue giant n
błękitny olbrzym
very luminous star

blue jay n
modrosójka błękitna
species of North American jay

blue light n
elektryczne światło
visible light towards the blue end of the spectrum generated from the screen of an electronic device

blue mussel n
omułek
Mytilus edulis

blue rock thrush n
modrak
Monticola solitarius

blue screen of death n
niebieski ekran śmierci
screen indicating a system error

blue supergiant n
błękitny nadolbrzym
a large blue giant

blue whale n
płetwal błękitny
a whale, Balaenoptera musculus

blue whiting n
błękitek

blue-eyed adj
niebieskooki błękitnooki
having blue eyes

blue-eyed boy n
beniaminek pupil
someone's favourite, especially a young one

blue-gray adj
siny
color — see also the hyponyms listed above

blue-winged kookaburra n
kukabura modroskrzydła
Dacelo leachii

bluebell n
dzwonek
flowering plants of the genus Hyacinthoides

blueberry /ˈblu.ˌbɛ.ɹi/ /ˈbluːb(ə)ɹi/ n
borówka jagoda
fruit

bluebird n
błękitnik
bird of Sialia

bluefish n
lufar skrzelołusk tasergal
Pomatomus saltatrix

blueness n
błękitność niebieskość
quality or characteristic of being blue

blues /bluːz/ n
blues
musical composition
musical form
chandra
feeling of sadness

bluetail /ˈbluˌteɪl/ /ˈbluːteɪl/ n
modraczek
Tarsiger
tężnica
Ischnura

bluethroat n
podróżniczek
bird

bluff /blʌf/ n
blef
poker: attempt to represent yourself as holding a stronger hand than you do
blef bluff
act of bluffing

bluff /blʌf/ v
blefować bluffować zablefować zabluffować
to scare with a false show of strength
blefować zablefować
to make a bluff

bluffer /ˈblʌfə/ /ˈblʌfɚ/ n
blefiarz

blunder /ˈblʌn.də(ɹ)/ /ˈblʌn.dɚ/ n
gafa
mistake

blunderbuss /ˈblʌn.dəˌbʌs/ /ˈblʌn.dɚˌbʌs/ n
gardłacz garłacz szturmak tromblon
old style of firearm with a distinctive large opening at the muzzle

blunt /blʌnt/ adj
bezceremonialny
abrupt in address; plain; unceremonious
tępy
having a thick edge or point, not sharp

blunt /blʌnt/ n
blant
cigar filled with marijuana

blunt instrument n
tępe narzędzie
object lacking sharp surfaces used to cause injury

bluntly /ˈblʌntli/ adv
bez ogródek bezceremonialnie
In a blunt manner

bluntness /ˈblʌnt.nəs/ /ˈblʌnt.nɪs/ [ˈblʌnʔ.nɪs] n
bezceremonialność
the characteristic of being blunt

blur /ˈblɜː(ɹ)/ n
plama rozmaz
A smear, smudge or blot
rozmazany
Something that appears hazy or indistinct

blur /ˈblɜː(ɹ)/ v
mazać rozmazać rozmazywać smużyć
smear, stain or smudge
rozmazać się rozmazywać się
become indistinct
rozmazać rozmazywać zamglić
make indistinct or hazy, to obscure or dim

blurb /blɝ(ː)b/ n
blurb
a short description of a book, film, or other work

blurred /blɜːd/ /blɝd/ adj
zamazany
Out of focus

blurry /ˈblɜːɹi/ adj
rozmyty nieostry rozmazany zamglony
not clear, crisp, or focused

blush /blʌʃ/ n
czerwienienie zaczerwienienie
an act of blushing
róż róż do policzków
makeup

blush /blʌʃ/ v
czerwienieć poczerwienieć rumienić sczerwienieć
to redden in the face from shame, excitement or embarrassment

blutwurst n
kaszanka
blood sausage

boa /bɔː/ /ˈboʊ.ə/ /ˈbəʊ.ə/ n
boa
snake
scarf

boa constrictor n
boa dusiciel
snake

boar /bo(ː)ɹ/ /boə/ /bɔɹ/ /bɔː/ n
knur odyniec kaban kiernoz
male pig

board /bo(ː)ɹd/ /boəd/ /bɔɹd/ /bɔːd/ n
burta
side of a ship
deska
long, wide and thin piece of wood or other material
panel
device containing electrical switches
plansza
surface for a board game
rada komitet zarząd
managing committee
tablica
short for blackboard, whiteboard, etc.
wikt wyżywienie
regular meals or amount paid for them in a place of lodging

board /bo(ː)ɹd/ /boəd/ /bɔɹd/ /bɔːd/ v
abordażować dokonać abordażu dokonywać abordażu
nautical: to capture an enemy ship
wchodzić na pokład
to step or climb onto

board and lodging n
wikt i opierunek
lodging with daily meals

board game n
gra planszowa planszówka
game played on a board

board meeting n
posiedzenie zarządu zebranie zarządu
meeting of the board of a company etc.

board member n
członek zarządu
person on the board of directors of an association or company

board of directors n
zarząd
group of people elected by stockholders

board up v
zabijać zabić
to block doors or windows with boards

boarding n
abordaż
act of attacking an enemy ship

boarding house n
internat bursa
boarding school building
kwatera pensjonat
private house for paying guests

boarding pass /ˈbɔɹdɪŋ ˌpæs/ n
karta pokładowa
document to board

boarding school /bɔɹdɪŋ ˈskul/ /bɔːdɪŋ ˈskuːl/ n
internat
school which provides board and lodging

boardroom /ˈbɔɹdˌɹuːm/ n
sala posiedzeń
room where the board meets

boardwalk /ˈboːd.woːk/ /ˈbɔɹdˌwɑk/ /ˈbɔɹdˌwɔk/ /ˈbɔːd.wɔːk/ n
promenada
slightly elevated path for pedestrians

boarhound n
dog niemiecki
large dog bred to hunt boars

boast /boʊst/ /bəʊst/ n
przechwałki samochwalstwo
brag

boast /boʊst/ /bəʊst/ v
chlubić chwalić przechwalać s szczycić
to brag; to talk loudly in praise of oneself

boat /boʊt/ /bəʊt/ n
ful
poker slang: full house
łódź łódka
water craft

boatbill n
rakojad
heron

boathook n
osęk osęka bosak
hook attached to a pole to push out or pull in things

boatswain /ˈboʊ.sən/ /ˈbəʊ.sən/ /ˈbəʊt.sweɪn/ n
bosman
officer of a sailing ship

bobbin n
szpula szpulka
spool around which wire or thread is coiled
szpulka
small spool in a sewing machine

bobcat /ˈbɒb.kæt/ /ˈbɔb.kæt/ n
ryś rudy
North American wild cat

bobolink n
ryżojad
songbird

bobsledder n
bobsleista bobsleistka
someone who participates in bobsled

bobsleigh n
bobslej
sled for sport
bobsleje
sport

bodger /ˈbɑ.d͡ʒɚ/ /ˈbɒd͡ʒ.ə(ɹ)/ n
partacz
One who works in a slipshod manner

bodiless adj
bezcielesny
lacking a body

bodilessly adv
bezcieleśnie

bodily /ˈbɑdɪli/ /ˈbɒdɪli/ adj
cielesny
relating to the body

bodily fluid n
płyn ustrojowy
biofluid

body /ˈbɑdi/ /ˈbɒdi/ [ˈbɑɾi] n
ciało
any physical object or material thing
fleshly or corporeal nature of a human
substance, material presence
comparative viscosity, solidity or substance
ciało organ
organisation, company or other authoritative group
ciało organizm
physical structure of a human or animal
grono grupa oddział
group having a common purpose or opinion
góra
section of a dress
karoseria kadłub korpus
largest or most important part of anything (e.g. car bodywork)

body and soul adv
duszą i ciałem

body check n
bodiczek
move in hockey

body check v
bodiczkować

body double n
dubler
film stand-in

body heat n
ciepłota
heat produced from within the body

body language n
mowa ciala
non-verbal communication

body of water n
akwen
significant accumulation of water

body of work n
dorobek twórczość zbiór prac
entirety of the creative or academic output

body part n
część ciała
anatomy: part of organism

body positivity n
ciałopozytywność
acceptance of all body types

body temperature n
temperatura ciała
the current temperature of the body of a person or animal

bodybuilder /ˈbɑː.diˌbɪl.dɚ/ /ˈbɒ.diˌbɪl.də/ [ˈbɑː.ɾiˌbɪɫ.ɾɚ] n
kulturysta kulturystka
a person who uses diet and exercise to build an aesthetically muscular physique

bodybuilding /ˈbɑːdiˌbɪldɪŋ/ /ˈbɒdiˌbɪldɪŋ/ n
kulturystyka body building
sport of muscle development

bodyguard /ˈbɑːdiɡɑːɹd/ /ˈbɒdiɡɑːd/ n
ochroniarz ochrona
person responsible for protecting an individual

bodysuit n
body
a one-piece, skin-tight garment rather like a leotard

bodyweight adj
masą ciała
employing only a person's own weight

bodywork n
blacharstwo
repair of the exterior body of a motor vehicle

boehmite n
bemit

bog /bɑɡ/ /bɒɡ/ /bɔɡ/ n
torfowisko bajoro błoto
expanse of marshland

bog bilberry /bɒɡ ˈbɪlb(ə)ɹɪ/ n
borówka bagienna łochynia
shrub or berry

bog iron ore n
ruda darniowa
deposit

bog rosemary n
modrzewnica
Andromeda
modrzewnica modrzewnica pospolita modrzewnica wązkoliścia
Andromeda polifolia

bogan /ˈboʊɡən/ n
bydło
unsophisticated or lower class person

bogatyr /ˌboʊɡəˈtɪɚ/ n
bohater
medieval Russian heroic warrior

bogeyman /ˈboʊ.ɡiˌmæn/ /ˈbu.ɡiˌmæn/ /ˈbəʊ.ɡiˌmæn/ /ˈbəʊ.ɡɪˌmæn/ /ˈbʊɡ.iˌmæn/ n
czarny lud
menacing, ghost-like monster in children's stories
czarny lud straszydło
any make-believe threat

bogginess n
bagienność bagnistość

boggy adj
bagienny bagnisty
having the qualities of a bog

bogie /ˈboʊ.ɡi/ /ˈbəʊ.ɡi/ n
wózek
structure with axles and wheels under a locomotive, railcar, or semi

bogland n
torfowisko

bogrush n
marzyca
sedge of the genus Schoenus

bogus /ˈboʊ.ɡəs/ /ˈbəʊ.ɡəs/ adj
fałszywy zmyślony
counterfeit or fake; not genuine

bohrium /ˈbɔːɹiəm/ n
bohr
chemical element

boil /bɔɪl/ /ˈbɔɪ.əl/ n
czyrak
accumulation of pus
wrzenie
point at which fluid begins to change to a vapour

boil /bɔɪl/ /ˈbɔɪ.əl/ v
gotować wrzeć kipieć
cook in boiling water
wrzeć gotować
heat (a liquid) until it begins to turn into a gas
wrzeć zagotować
begin to turn into a gas

boiled egg n
jajko na miękko
soft-boiled egg
jajko na twardo
hard-boiled egg
ugotowane jajko
boiled egg (generic)

boiler /ˈbɔɪlə/ /ˈbɔɪlɚ/ n
bojler
hot water heater with storage
kocioł
device for heating circulating water

boiler suit n
kombinezon
one-piece suit

boilerplate n
gotowiec szablon
standard text used routinely

boilery n
warzelnia
place for boiling

boiserie n
boazeria

boisterous /ˈbɔɪstəɹəs/ /ˈbɔɪstɹəs/ adj
hałaśliwy
full of energy; noisy

bok choy /ˌbɒkˈt͡ʃɔɪ/ n
kapusta właściwa chińska
Chinese cabbage, Brassica rapa chinensis

bokeh /ˈboʊ.kə/ /ˈboʊˌkeɪ/ /ˈbəʊ.kə/ /ˈbəʊˌkeɪ/ n
bokeh
subjective aesthetic quality of out-of-focus areas of an image

bold /baʉld/ /boʊld/ /ˈbəʊld/ [bɒʊ(ɫ)d] [ˈbɒʊ(ɫ)d] adj
tłusty pogrubiony wytłuszczony
having thicker strokes than the ordinary form of the typeface
śmiały odważny
courageous, daring

boldly /ˈboʊldli/ /ˈbəʊldli/ [ˈbɒʊldli] adv
odważnie śmiało
in a bold manner

bole /bol/ /bɒʊl/ /bəʊl/ n
pień
the trunk or stem of a tree

bolete /boʊˈlit/ n
borowik
type of mushroom

boletus n
borowik
a type of edible mushroom

bolide /ˈboʊ.laɪd/ /ˈboʊ.lɪd/ n
bolid
extremely bright meteor

boll /boʊl/ /bɒl/ n
torebka
the rounded seed-bearing capsule of a cotton or flax plant

bollard /ˈbɒlɑːd/ /ˈbɒləd/ /ˈbɒləɹd/ n
pachołek
post to secure mooring lines
słupek
post preventing vehicles from entering pedestrian area

bolognese /ˌbɒləɡˈneɪz/ /ˌbɒləˈneɪz/ /ˌbɒləˈnjeɪz/ n
bolognese
dish served with bolognese
sos bolognese
Italian sauce

bolt /boʊlt/ /bɒlt/ /bəʊlt/ [bɔʊɫt] n
bełt
short, stout, blunt-headed arrow
piorun grom
lightning spark
rygiel antaba
bar to prevent a door from being forced open
rygiel zasuwa zasuwka
sliding pin or bar in a lock
śruba
metal fastener

bolt /boʊlt/ /bɒlt/ /bəʊlt/ [bɔʊɫt] v
ryglować
to secure a door

bolt from the blue n
grom z jasnego nieba
something totally unexpected

bomb /bɑm/ /bɒm/ /bɔm/ /bʌm/ n
bomba
device filled with explosives

bomb /bɑm/ /bɒm/ /bɔm/ /bʌm/ v
bombardować ostrzelać ostrzeliwać zbombardować
attack with bombs

bomb crater n
lej po bombie
hole created by a bomb explosion

bombard /bəmˈbɑɹd/ /ˈbɑmˌbɑɹd/ /ˈbɒmˌbɑːd/ /ˌbɑmˈbɑɹd/ /ˌbɒmˈbɑːd/ v
bombardować zbombardować
to direct at a substance an intense stream of high-energy particles, usually sub-atomic or made of at most a few atoms
to attack something or someone by directing objects at them

bombardment n
bombardowanie
act of bombing, esp towns or cities

bombastic /bɑmˈbæs.tɪk/ /bɒmˈbæs.tɪk/ adj
górnolotny
high-sounding but with little meaning
napuszony
inflated, overfilled
pompatyczny
pompous or overly wordy

bomber /ˈbɑmɚ/ /ˈbɒmə(ɹ)/ n
bombowiec samolot bombowy
aircraft
zamachowiec
person who bombs

bombing /ˈbɒmɪŋ/ n
bombardowanie
action of dropping bombs from the air

bombproof adj
bomboodporny
sufficiently strong to resist the effects of a blast from a bomb

bombshell n
pocisk
a bomb or artillery shell designed to explode on impact
seksbomba
someone who is very attractive
sensacja
something that is very surprising, shocking, amazing or sensational

bon appétit /ˈbɔn ˌæpəˈti/ /ˌbo(ʊ).næ.pəˈti/ /ˌboʊn æpəˈti(t)/ /ˌboʊn æpəˈti/ /ˌboʊn æpəˈtit/ /ˌbɒn apəˈtiː/ /ˌbɒn apɛˈtiː/ /ˌbɔː.næ.peɪˈtiː/ phraseologicalUnit
smacznego
used to wish someone enjoyment of the meal they are about to eat

bon mot /bɑn moʊ/ /bɒn məʊ/ /bɒ̃ məʊ/ n
bon mot
clever saying, phrase or witticism

bon vivant /ˌbɑn viˈvɑnt/ /ˌbɒ̃ viːˈvɒ̃/ n
bon vivant
person who enjoys the good things in life, especially good food and drink

bon voyage /ˌbɒn vwaɪˈɑːʒ/ /ˌbɒn vɔɪˈɑːʒ/ interjection
szczęśliwej drogi szczęśliwej podróży szerokiej drogi
wish of good journey

bona fide /ˈboʊnə.faɪd/ /ˈboʊnəˌfiːdeɪ/ /ˈbɑnə.faɪd/ /ˌboʊnəˈfaɪdi/ /ˌbəʊ.nəˈfaɪ.di/ adj
prawdziwy

bonanza /bəˈnænzə/ n
bonanza
rich mine or vein of silver or gold
something that is a mine of wealth or yields a large income or return

bond /bɑnd/ /bɒnd/ n
obligacja zobowiązanie
finance: documentary obligation to pay a sum or to perform a contract
wiązanie
chemistry: link or force between neighbouring atoms in a molecule
więzy
that which binds, a band
więź
binding agreement, covenant
emotional link, connection or union
wątek
specific pattern of bricklaying

bone /boʊn/ /bɐʉn/ /bəʉn/ /bəʊn/ n
kość
component of a skeleton
material
ość
fishbone

bone folder n
gładyszka
A dull-edged hand tool used to fold and crease

bone marrow n
szpik kostny szpik
bone marrow

bone of contention /ˈboʊn əv kənˈtɛnʃən/ /ˈbəʊn əv kənˈtɛnʃən/ n
kość niezgody jabłko niezgody
Something that continues to be disputed

bone up v
podkuwać podkuć

bone-dry adj
suchy jak wiór
totally dry

boneless adj
bezkostny
without bones

boner /ˈboʊ.nɚ/ /ˈbəʊ.nə(ɹ)/ n
gafa
blunder; silly or stupid mistake
kościej
erect penis

bonfire /ˈbɑnˌfaɪɚ/ /ˈbɒnfaɪə/ /ˈbɔn-/ n
ognisko
large, controlled outdoor fire lit to celebrate something or as a signal
stos
fire lit outdoors to burn unwanted items

bong /bɑŋ/ /bɒŋ/ /bɔŋ/ n
bim-bam dzyń
clang of a large bell
dzwonki
doorbell chimes
fajka wodna
vessel used in smoking various substances
lejek z wężem
device for rapidly consuming beer

boning knife n
nóż do filetowania
boning knife

bonnet /ˈbɑn.ɪt/ /ˈbɒn.ɪt/ n
czepek czepiec
type of women's and children's hat
maska
cover over the engine of a motor car

bonnie adj
piękny
Beautiful; pretty; attractive
wesoły
Gay; merry; frolicsome; cheerful; blithe

bonobo /bəˈnoʊ̯ˌboʊ̯/ /bəˈnəʊ̯ˌbəʊ̯/ /ˈbɒ.nəˌboʊ̯/ n
bonobo szympans karłowaty szympans bonobo
pygmy chimpanzee

bonsai /ˈbɑnsaɪ/ /ˈbɑnzaɪ/ /ˈbɒnsaɪ/ v
bonsai
a miniaturized tree or plant

bonus /ˈboʊ.nəs/ /ˈbəʊ.nəs/ n
bonus
something extra that is good
premia
extra amount of money given as a premium

bonus genius n
dobry duch
good spirit or angel, seen as influencing a person's decisions

bony fish n
ryba kostna
bony fish

boo /buː/ interjection
bu
loud exclamation intended to scare someone

boo /buː/ v
wygwizdać wygwizdywać
to shout boos at (transitive)

boob /ˈbuːb/ n
cycek balon melon
breast (colloquial)

booby /ˈbuːbi/ n
gapa głupek
stupid person
głuptak
bird

booby trap n
mina pułapka
antipersonnel device deliberately hidden or disguised as a harmless object

booby-hatch n
wariatkowo
pejorative: lunatic asylum

booger /ˈbʊɡə/ /ˈbʊɡɚ/ n
babol gil koza glut smark
a piece of solid or semi-solid mucus

book /buːk/ /bɵk/ /bʊk/ n
książka księga
collection of sheets of paper bound together containing printed or written material
księgi
usually in plural: records of the accounts of a business

book /buːk/ /bɵk/ /bʊk/ v
księgować spisać spisywać zaksięgować
to write down, register, record
rezerwować bukować zabukować zarezerwować
to reserve

book of hours n
godzinki
illuminated devotional book from the Middle Ages

book signing n
podpisywanie książki

book smart adj
akademicko mądry

book town n
miejscowość z wieloma księgarniami

bookbinder n
introligator
person whose profession is binding books

bookbindery n
introligatornia
building where books are assembled and bound

bookcase /ˈbʊkˌkeɪs/ [ˈbʊʔk̚keɪs] n
regał biblioteczka biblioteka
furniture displaying books

bookcrossing n
bookcrossing
practice of leaving a book in a public location to be found and read by others, who then do the same

bookery n
biblioteczka
a collection of books

booking /ˈbʊkɪŋ/ n
rezerwacja zabukowanie
reservation for a service

bookish /ˈbʊk.ɪʃ/ adj
dużo czytający
given to reading; fond of study
książkowy
characterized by a method of expression generally found in books

bookkeeper /bʌʔˈkiː.pə(ɹ)/ /ˌbʊkˈkiː.pə(ɹ)/ n
księgowy księgowa
person responsible for keeping records

booklet /ˈbʊk.lət/ n
książeczka broszura
small book

bookmaker /ˈbʊkmeɪkɚ/ n
bukmacher
a person who calculates odds and accepts bets; a bookie

bookmark /ˈbʊk.mɑː(ɹ)k/ n
zakładka
record of the address of a file or page
strip used to mark a place in a book

bookmarklet n
skryptozakładka
JavaScript code

bookmobile n
bibliobus bibliowóz
bookmobile

bookplate n
ekslibris
piece of paper pasted on a book to show ownership

bookseller /ˈbʊksɛlɚ/ n
księgarnia
business
księgarz bukinista
person

bookshelf /ˈbʊkˌʃɛlf/ n
biblioteczka półka na książki
shelf for storing books

bookshop n
księgarnia
shop that sells books

bookworm /ˈbʊk.wɜːm/ n
mól książkowy
avid reader
insect

boom /bum/ /buːm/ interjection
bach bum
sound of explosion

boom /bum/ /buːm/ n
grzmot huk
abrupt, low-pitched sound
bom
spar extending the foot of a sail
piece of windsurfing equipment
boom
period of prosperity

boom /bum/ /buːm/ v
prosperować
to be prosperous

boom barrier n
szlaban rogatka
gate at level crossing

boom box n
boombox radiomagnetofon
portable audio system

boomerang /ˈbuməɹæŋ/ /ˈbuːməɹæŋ/ n
bumerang
flat curved airfoil

boor /bɔɹ/ /bɔː/ /bʊə/ /bʊɹ/ n
Bur
a Boer, white South African of Dutch or Huguenot descent
cham prostak
an uncultured person

boorish /ˈbʊəɹɪʃ/ adj
chamski gburowaty prostacki
behaving as a boor

boorishness n
chamskość chamstwo grubiaństwo nieokrzesanie ordynarność prostactwo
the state or characteristic of being a boor or of being boorish

boost /buːst/ n
wzmocnienie
push from behind

boost /buːst/ v
zasilać zwiększać
to lift or push from behind

booster /ˈbustɚ/ n
rakietowy silnik
The first stage of a multistage rocket

boot /but/ /buːt/ /bʉːt/ /bʏːt/ [buːt] n
but
heavy shoe that covers part of the leg
rozruch
the act or process of bootstrapping

boot /but/ /buːt/ /bʉːt/ /bʏːt/ [buːt] v
uruchomić wykonać rozruch
to start a system

bootable adj
bootowalny
adjective

booted eagle n
orzełek włochaty orzełek
Hieraaetus pennatus

booted warbler n
zaganiacz maly
Iduna caligata

booth /buːð/ /buːθ/ n
budka
a small stall for the display and sale of goods

bootlace n
sznurowadło
lace for fastening boots

bootleg n
cholewa cholewka
that part of a boot that is above the instep

bootlick v
podlizać się podlizywać się
to seek favor from by fawning, servile behavior

bootlicker n
lizus wazeliniarz
person who behaves in a servile or obsequious manner

bootstrap /ˈbuːtˌstɹæp/ n
rozruch
the process by which the operating system of a computer is loaded into its memory

booty /ˈbuːti/ n
łup
plunder

booze /buːz/ n
coś mocniejszego coś niecoś małe co nieco procent trunek
any alcoholic beverage

booze /buːz/ v
chlać chlusnąć ciągnąć doić gazować golić
slang:to drink alcohol

booze-up n
balanga
session of heavy drinking

bora n
bora
wind

borage /ˈbɒɹ.ɪd͡ʒ/ n
ogórecznik lekarski ogórecznik
Borago officinalis

borate n
boran
salt of boric acid

borax n
boraks
crystalline salt
(chemistry) Na2B4O7

border /ˈboɹdɚ/ /ˈbɔədə/ /ˈbɔːdə/ /ˈbɔːɹdɚ/ [ˈbo̞ɹdɚ] n
granica
the line or frontier area separating various territories

border /ˈboɹdɚ/ /ˈbɔədə/ /ˈbɔːdə/ /ˈbɔːɹdɚ/ [ˈbo̞ɹdɚ] v
graniczyć
(transitive) to lie on, or adjacent to a border

border collie n
border collie
border collie

border guard n
pogranicznik strażniczka graniczna strażnik graniczny
a person assigned to watch, protect or control the frontier between two sovereign states
straż graniczna
a national agency that enforces the security of the country's national borders

borderer n
kresowiec
person who resides near a border

borderland n
kresy pogranicze
land near a border

borderless adj
bezgraniczny
lacking edges, limits, or boundaries

borderline adj
pograniczny

bordure /ˈboɹ.djʊɹ/ /ˈboɹ.d͡ʒɚ/ /ˈbɔː.d͡ʒə/ /ˈbɔːdjʊə/ /ˈbɔːd͡ʒə/ /ˈbɔːɹdjʊɹ/ /ˈbɔːɹd͡ʒɚ/ [ˈbo̞ɹ.d͡ʒɚ] n
skraj
contrasting border round a shield

bore /bo(ː)ɹ/ /boə/ /bɔɹ/ /bɔː/ n
nudziarz
One who inspires boredom

bore /bo(ː)ɹ/ /boə/ /bɔɹ/ /bɔː/ v
nudzić nużyć znudzić znużyć
to inspire boredom
wiercić borować świdrować
to make a hole

boreal chickadee n
sikora kanadyjska
Poecile hudsonicus

bored /bo(ː)ɹd/ /boəd/ /bɔɹd/ /bɔːd/ adj
znudzony
suffering from boredom

boredom /ˈbɔɹ.dəm/ /ˈbɔː.dəm/ n
nuda znudzenie nudność nudota znużenie
state of being bored

borehole n
otwór wiertniczy
hole bored into the ground

borelian adj
borelowski

boric adj
borowy
pertaining to the element boron

boric acid n
kwas borowy
White crystalline solid soluble as a weak acid

boring /ˈboə.ɹɪŋ/ /ˈboɹ.ɪŋ/ /ˈboː.ɹɪŋ/ /ˈbɔː.ɹɪŋ/ adj
nudny
causing boredom or tiredness

born /boɹn/ /bɔːn/ /bɔːɹn/ [bo̞ɹn] adj
urodzony narodzony
given birth to

born with a silver spoon in one's mouth adj
być w czepku urodzonym
born rich or in a wealthy family

boron /ˈbɔːˌɹɒn/ n
bor
chemical element

borrow /ˈbɑɹ.oʊ/ /ˈbɒɹ.əʊ/ /ˈbɔɹ.oʊ/ v
pożyczać pożyczyć
receive temporarily
zapożyczać zapożyczyć
copy a word from another language
adopt (an idea) as one's own

borrower /ˈbɑɹoʊɚ/ /ˈbɔɹəʊə/ n
pożyczkobiorca
one who borrows

borscht /bɔɹʃt/ /bɔːʃt/ n
barszcz barszcz czerwony
beetroot soup

borzoi /ˈbɔɹ.zɔɪ/ /ˈbɔː.zɔɪ/ n
borzoj
breed of dog

bosom /ˈbʊz(ə)m/ adj
bliski
in a very close relationship

bosom friend n
przyjaciel od serca przyjaciółka od serca
very close friend

boson /ˈboʊ.zɒn/ /ˈbəʊ.zɒn/ n
bozon
particle

boss /bɑs/ /bɒs/ /bɔs/ n
szef
term of address to a man
szef szefowa kierownik brygadzista kierowniczka
supervisor
szef szefowa naczelniczka naczelnik
person in charge
brosza
architecture: knob or protrusion

bossa nova /ˈbɒsə ˈnəʊvə/ n
bossa nova
dance
music

bossage n
boniowanie
rough, unfinished stone block

bossy /ˈbɑsi/ /ˈbɒsi/ /ˈbɒsɪ/ /ˈbɔsi/ adj
apodyktyczny rządzący się władczy
tending to give orders to others

bot /bɑt/ /bɒt/ n
bot
a piece of software for doing repetitive tasks

bota bag n
bukłak
wineskin bag

botanical adj
botaniczny
Of or pertaining to botany

botanical garden n
ogród botaniczny
a place where a variety of plants are grown for scientific reasons

botanical name n
nazwa botaniczna
scientific name of plants

botanist /ˈbɒt.ən.ɪst/ [ˈbɒt.n̩.ɪst] n
botanik
a person engaged in botany

botany /-nɪ/ /ˈbɑt.ni/ /ˈbɑt.ə.ni/ /ˈbɒt.ni/ /ˈbɒt.ə.ni/ n
botanika roślinoznawstwo
scientific study of plants

botch /bɑt͡ʃ/ /bɒt͡ʃ/ n
amatorszczyzna chałtura fuszerka partanina
An action, job, or task that has been performed very badly
fuszerka
a ruined, defective, or clumsy piece of work; mess; bungle
kwiatek wielbłąd
a mistake that is very stupid or embarrassing

botch /bɑt͡ʃ/ /bɒt͡ʃ/ v
knocić fuszerować partaczyć partolić sfuszerować sknocić
to perform (a task) in an unacceptable or incompetent manner

botch job n
amatorstwo amatorszczyzna partactwo

botfly n
giez
insect

both /boʊlθ/ /boʊθ/ /bəʊθ/ [bɜʊ̯θ] conjunction
[[i|i..., i...]] [[zarówno|zarówno..., jak i...]]
both...and...

both /boʊlθ/ /boʊθ/ /bəʊθ/ [bɜʊ̯θ] determiner
obydwa oba obaj oboje obie obydwie
each of two; one and the other

both … and conjunction
i … i zarówno …, jak i

bother /ˈbɑðɚ/ /ˈbɒðə(ɹ)/ /ˈbɔðə(ɹ)/ n
kłopot
trouble, inconvenience

bother /ˈbɑðɚ/ /ˈbɒðə(ɹ)/ /ˈbɔðə(ɹ)/ v
naprzykrzać się niepokoić
to annoy, to disturb, to be troublesome to

bothersome adj
kłopotliwy
causing bother or perplexity

bottle /ˈbɑ.təl/ /ˈbɒt.əl/ n
butelka
contents of such a container
figuratively: alcohol
butelka flaszka
container

bottle /ˈbɑ.təl/ /ˈbɒt.əl/ v
butelkować
seal (a liquid) into a bottle for later consumption

bottle cap n
zakrętka
closure used to seal bottles

bottle crate n
skrzynka (na butelki)
a container used for transport of beverage containers

bottle episode /ˈbɑtəl ˈɛpəˌsoʊd/ /ˈbɒtəl ˈɛpɪsəʊd/ [-ɾəl-] n
epizod butelkowy odcinek butelkowy
episode of a television series designed to be inexpensive

bottle green adj
butelkowozielony
of a dark green color

bottle green n
butelkowa zieleń
Dark green color

bottle opener n
otwieracz do butelek
device to open bottles removing the cap

bottleneck n
szyjka
neck of a bottle
wąskie gardło
part of a process that is too slow or cumbersome
zwężenie
narrowing of the road, especially resulting in a delay

bottom /ˈbɑtəm/ /ˈbɒtəm/ n
dno
character, reliability, staying power, dignity, integrity or sound judgment
dno spód dół
lowest part
dolina
valley
pasyw
gay sexual slang: penetrated partner in sex
tyłek zadek
euphemistic: buttocks or anus

bottom-up adj
oddolny
hierarchical system that progresses from multiple, small subunits to a single, large basic unit

bottomless /ˈbaɾəmlɪs/ /ˈbɒtəm.ləs/ adj
bezdenny
having no bottom
bezdenny niezgłębiony
having no bounds; limitless

bottomlessness n
bezdenność

bottomry n
bodmeria

bottoms up interjection
do dna
Cheers!

botulinum toxin n
jad kiełbasiany
neurotoxic protein produced by Clostridium botulinum

botulism /ˈbɑ.t͡ʃəˌlɪz.əm/ /ˈbɒt.jʊl.ɪz.əm/ n
botulizm
medical condition

botvinya n
botwina
a type of soup

bougainvillea /ˌboʊ.ɡənˈvɪl.jə/ /ˌbu.ɡənˈvɪl.jə/ /ˌbuː.ɡənˈvɪl.ɪ.ə/ n
bugenwilla
flower

bough /baʊ/ n
gałąź konar
firm (and often larger) branch of a tree

bouillabaisse /-ˌbɛs/ /ˈbujəˌbeɪs/ /ˈbuːjəˌbeɪs/ /ˌbujəˈbeɪs/ /ˌbuːjəˈbeɪs/ n
bouillabaisse
type of fish stew or soup from Provence

bouillon /ˈbuˌjɑn/ /ˈbuː.jɒn/ /ˈbuː.jɒ̃/ /ˈbʊljən/ /ˈbʊlˌjɑn/ n
bulion
a clear seasoned broth

bouillon cube n
kostka rosołowa rosołek
cube

boulder /ˈboʊldɚ/ /ˈbəʊl.də(ɹ)/ n
głaz
large mass of stone

boulevard /ˈbuː.ləˌvɑːd/ /ˈbʊləvɑɹd/ n
aleja bulwar
broad, landscaped thoroughfare

bounce /baʊns/ v
wybywać wybyć
slang: to leave

bounced cheque n
czek bez pokrycia

bouncer /ˈbaʊn.sə/ /ˈboʊn.sɚ/ n
bramkarz wykidajło
member of security personnel

bouncing castle /ˌbaʊnsɪŋ ˈkæsəl/ /ˌbaʊnsɪŋ ˈkɑːsəl/ n
dmuchany zamek
inflatable structure on which children jump and play

bound /ˈbaʊnd/ n
granica
boundary, border of territory

boundary /ˈbaʊndəɹi/ /ˈbaʊndɹi/ n
brzeg
(topology) the set of points in the closure, not belonging to the interior
granica
dividing line or location between two areas

bounded /ˈbaʊndɪd/ adj
ograniczony
type of set

bounded function n
funkcja ograniczona
function

boundless adj
bezgraniczny bezkresny
without bounds, unbounded

boundlessly adv
bezbrzeżnie bezgranicznie bezkreśnie

boundlessness n
bezbrzeżność bezgraniczność bezkresność
the property of being boundless

bounteous /ˈbaʊntiəs/ /ˈbaʊnʃəs/ adj
hojny szczodry
inclined to be generous

bounty hunter n
łowca nagród
person who catches criminals in return for a reward

bouquet /boʊˈkeɪ/ /buˈkeɪ/ n
bukiet wiązanka
bunch of flowers

bourgeois /bʊɹʒˈwɑː/ /ˈbɔːʒ.wɑː/ /ˈbʊəʒ.wɑː/ adj
burżuazyjny
of or relating to capitalist exploitation
of or relating to the middle class

bourgeois /bʊɹʒˈwɑː/ /ˈbɔːʒ.wɑː/ /ˈbʊəʒ.wɑː/ n
burżuazja
the middle class
burżuj mieszczanin mieszczanka
individual member of the middle class

bourgeoisie /ˌbʊə(ɹ)ʒwɑːˈziː/ n
burżuazja mieszczaństwo
class

boustrophedon /ˌbuːstɹəˈfiːdən/ n
bustrofedon
writing that is alternately right-to-left and left-to-right

bout /bʌʊt/ /ˈbaʊt/ n
pojedynek walka
boxing match

boutique /boʊˈtik/ /buːˈtiːk/ n
butik
a small shop, especially one that sells fashionable clothes, jewelry and the like

boutonniere /ˌbuːtənˈiːɚ/ /ˌbuːtənˈjɛɹ/ n
butonierka
flower worn in buttonhole

bouzouki /buːˈzuːki/ /bəˈzuːki/ n
buzuki
lute

bovarysm n
bovaryzm bowaryzm
anxiety to escape from an unsatisfactory social or sentimental condition

bovine /ˈboʊ.vɪn/ /ˈboʊˌvaɪn/ /ˈboʊˌvin/ /ˈbəʊ.vaɪn/ adj
bydlęcy
of, relating to or resembling cattle
gamoniowaty
sluggish, dull, slow-witted

bovine spongiform encephalopathy n
chorobą szalonych krów gąbczasta encefalopatia bydła
bovine spongiform encephalopathy

bovver boots n
glany
bovver boots

bow /baʊ/ n
pokłon ukłon
gesture made by bending forward at the waist
dziób
front of a boat or ship

bow /boʊ/ /bəʊ/ n
kokarda
type of knot with two loops
smyczek łuk
rod used for playing stringed instruments
zagięcie zgięcie łuk
bend in a rod or planar surface
łuk smyczek
weapon used for shooting arrows

bow /baʊ/ v
kłaniać pokłonić się skłonić
to bend oneself as a gesture of respect or deference

bow /boʊ/ /bəʊ/ v
prowadzić smyczek
to play music on an instrument using a bow
wygiąć
to become bent
zgiąć
to bend a thing

bow and arrow /ˈbəʊ ən(d) ˈæɹəʊ/ n
łuk i strzała
weapon

bow and scrape /ˌbaʊ ən ˈskɹeɪp/ v
bić pokłony
behave in a servile, obsequious, or excessively polite manner

bow out /baʊ aʊt/ v
wycofać się wycofywać się
To resign, or leave

bow-wow interjection
hau
sound of a dog barking

bowdlerize /ˈbaʊd.ləɹˌaɪz/ /ˈbaʊd.ləˌɹaɪz/ v
cenzurować ocenzurować ugrzeczniać ugrzecznić
to remove or alter parts of a text considered offensive

bowel /baʊl/ /ˈbaʊ.əl/ n
jelito
large intestine

bower /baʊ.əɹ/ /baʊəɹ/ /bəʊ.əɹ/ /bəʊəɹ/ n
alkierz buduar
a woman's bedroom or private apartments, especially in a medieval castle

bower bird n
altannik
Australasian bird

bowfin n
amia miękławka
Amia calva

bowhead n
wal grenlandzki wieloryb grenlandzki
Balaena mysticetus

bowl /boʊl/ /bɐʉl/ /bəʊl/ [boɫ] [bɒʊɫ] n
czerpak
part of a spoon
misa
container for food

bowl cut n
fryzura na grzybka grzybek
haircut

bowleg n
kolana szpotawe
leg that curves outward from the knee

bowler /ˈboʊ.lɚ/ /ˈbəʊ.lə/ n
kręglarz
one who engages in the sport of bowling

bowler hat n
melonik
hard round black felt hat

bowling /ˈboʊlɪŋ/ /ˈbəʊlɪŋ/ [ˈbɒʊɫɪŋ] n
bowling kręgle
a game played by rolling a ball down an alley

bowser n
dystrybutor paliwa
fuel pump

bowsprit /ˈbəʊspɹɪt/ n
bukszpryt dziobak
spar projecting over the prow of a sailing vessel

bowstring /ˈboʊstɹɪŋ/ /ˈbəʊstɹɪŋ/ n
cięciwa
string of an archer's bow

bowtie /boʊˈtaɪ/ /bəʊˈtaɪ/ n
muszka
necktie shaped like a bow

box /bɑks/ /bɒks/ n
budka
small rectangular shelter
loża
compartment to sit inside
ochraniacz na jądra
(cricket) hard protector for the genitals
pudełko pudło skrzynia futerał
cuboid space; container
pudło
(slang) television
bukszpan
shrub or tree of the genus Buxus

box /bɑks/ /bɒks/ v
zapakować
to place inside a box
boksować
to fight against (a person) in a boxing match
to strike with the fists

box tree n
bukszpan
tree of the genus Buxus

boxcar n
furgonetka
enclosed goods wagon

boxer /ˈbɑksɚ/ /ˈbɒksə/ n
bokser
breed of dog
bokser pięściarz bokserka pięściarka
participant in a boxing match

boxer shorts n
bokserki
underwear

boxing /ˈbɑːksɪŋ/ /ˈbɒksɪŋ/ n
boks
the sport of boxing

boxing ring n
ring
a space, in which a boxing match is fought

boxwood n
bukszpan
Buxus sempervirens
any tree of genus Buxus
the hard, close-grained wood of this tree

boy /bɔɪ/ /bɔːə/ n
chłopiec chłopak chłopczyk
young male

boy band n
boys band boysband
pop group whose members are all young men

boyar /bəʊˈjɑː/ /ˈbɔɪɑː/ /ˈbəʊjɑː/ n
bojar bojarzyn
rank of aristocracy

boycott /ˈbɔɪkɑt/ /ˈbɔɪkɒt/ n
bojkot
the act of boycotting

boycott /ˈbɔɪkɑt/ /ˈbɔɪkɒt/ v
bojkotować
to abstain from dealing with a person or organisation as a protest

boyfriend /ˈbɔɪfɹənd/ /ˈbɔɪˌfɹɛnd/ n
chłopak przyjaciel sympatia
male partner in a romantic relationship
kumpel przyjaciel
male friend

boyhood /ˈbɔɪˌhʊd/ n
chłopięctwo lata chłopięce
The state or period of being a boy

boyish /ˈbɔɪ.ɪʃ/ adj
chłopięcy
like a boy

boykin /ˈbɔɪkən/ /ˈbɔɪkɪn/ n
chłopczyk chłopiec
a little boy

boys will be boys proverb
chłopcy zawsze będą chłopcami
boys are mischievous by nature

bozo /ˈbəʊ.zəʊ/ n
głupek palant przygłup
(slang) a stupid or foolish person

bra /bɹæ/ /bɹɑː/ n
biustonosz stanik
brassiere
bra

braceface n
aparatka

bracelet /ˈbɹeɪslət/ /ˈbɹeɪslɪt/ n
bransoletka bransoleta
a band or chain worn around the wrist as jewelry or an ornament

braces /ˈbɹeɪsɪz/ n
aparat ortodontyczny, aparat na zęby
device for straightening teeth

brachial /ˈbreɪkɪəl/ /ˈbrækɪəl/ adj
ramienny
pertaining or belonging to the arm

brachiation n
brachiacja
movement by swinging arms between holds

brachiopod /ˈbɹeɪkɪoʊˌpɒd/ /ˈbɹækɪəˌpɒd/ n
ramienionóg
any of the many marine invertebrates of the phylum Brachiopoda

brachiosaurus n
brachiozaur
herbivorous dinosaur

brachy- prefix
brachy-
short

bracken /ˈbɹækən/ n
orlica
any of several coarse ferns

bracket /ˈbɹækɪt/ n
nawias
generically any of "(", ")", "[", "]", "{", "}", "<" and ">"

brackish /ˈbɹækɪʃ/ adj
słonawy
slightly salty

bract n
przykwiatek
leaf or leaf-like structure

bracteole n
plewinka
a bract subtending an inflorescence whose stalk itself is subtended by a bract

brag /bɹæɡ/ v
przechwalać się chełpić się
to boast

bragging rights n
prawo do przechwałek
the prerogative to praise oneself

braid /bɹeɪd/ n
warkocz kosa
hairstyle
weave of three or more strands

braid /bɹeɪd/ v
pleść splatać spleść
to intertwine

braid group n
grupa warkoczy
braid group

brain /bɹeɪn/ n
mózg
organ
person providing intelligence

brain death n
śmierć mózgu
irreversible cessation of brain activity

brain drain n
drenaż mózgów
emigration of educated people

brain stem n
pień mózgu
part of the brain that connects the spinal cord to the forebrain and cerebrum

brain-dead /ˈbɹeɪnˌdɛd/ adj
w stanie śmierci mózgu
in medicine: having irreversible cessation of brain activity

brain-teaser n
rozkmina łamigłówka
a complex riddle or puzzle

brain-washing n
pranie mózgu
form of indoctrination

brainchild /ˈbɹeɪn.tʃaɪld/ n
wynalazek
creation

brainiac /ˈbɹeɪniæk/ n
mózgowiec
a very intelligent and usually studious, erudite person

brainless adj
bezmózgi
having no brain
unintelligent; having little or no common sense

brains /bɹeɪnz/ n
móżdżek
as food

brainstorming n
burza mózgów
method of problem solving

brainwash /ˈbɹeɪnwɒʃ/ v
prać mózg komu wyprać mózg komu
to affect one's mind

braise /bɹeɪz/ v
dusić
To cook in a small amount of liquid

brake /bɹeɪk/ n
hamulec
device used to slow or stop a vehicle
something that slows or stops an action

brake /bɹeɪk/ v
hamować zahamować
to operate brakes

brake fluid n
płyn hamulcowy
hydraulic fluid

brambling n
jer
bird

bran /ˈbɹæn/ n
otręby
outside layer of a grain

branch /bɹænt͡ʃ/ /bɹɑːntʃ/ /bɹɑːnʃ/ n
filia oddział agenda
location of an organization with several locations
gałąź
woody part of a tree arising from the trunk
gałąź dział
area in business or of knowledge, research
rozgałęzienie
part that divides like the branch of a tree

branch /bɹænt͡ʃ/ /bɹɑːntʃ/ /bɹɑːnʃ/ v
rozgałęziać się
to arise from the trunk or a larger branch of a tree
to jump to a different location in a program, especially as the result of a conditional statement
to produce branches

branched adj
rozgałęziony rozwidlony
Having branches

branchial /ˈbɹæŋ.ki.əl/ adj
skrzelowy
of, pertaining to or resembling gills

brand /bɹænd/ n
głownia
burning wood, ember
marka
a specific product, service, or provider so distinguished
name, symbol, logo
styl typ
style, manner

brand loyalty n
lojalność wobec marki
positive feelings towards a brand and dedication to purchase from it

brand new /ˈbɹæn.n(j)uː/ /ˈbɹænd ˌn(j)uː/ adj
prosto spod igły
utterly new

branding iron n
żegadło
bent piece of metal

brandish /ˈbɹændɪʃ/ v
wymachiwać
to move a weapon

brandy /ˈbɹændi/ n
brandy winiak wypalanka
liquor

brannigan n
balanga
booze-up

brant /bɹænt/ n
bernikla
wild geese of the genus Branta

bras d'honneur /ˌbɹɑ dɑˈnɝ/ /ˌbɹɑː dɒˈnɜː/ n
gest Kozakiewicza wał
obscene gesture

brash /bɹæʃ/ adj
nietaktowny
zuchwały
overly bold or self-assertive

brass /bɹæs/ /bɹɑːs/ n
instrument dęty blaszany
class of wind instruments
mosiądz
alloy of copper and zinc
mosiężny
made of brass (attributive use)
łuska
spent shell casings

brass band n
orkiestra dęta
group of musicians who play brass instruments

brass instrument n
instrument dęty blaszany blacha
musical instrument

brass knuckles n
kastet
weapon which reinforces the fist

brasserie n
braseria
type of restaurant

brat /bɹat/ /bɹæt/ n
bachor bękart
a selfish, spoiled, or unruly child

bravado /brəˈvɑːdoʊ/ /bɹɑːˈvɑːdoʊ/ n
brawura
a show of defiance or courage

brave /bɹeɪv/ adj
odważny chrobry dzielny
strong in the face of fear

bravery /ˈbɹeɪv.ə.ɹi/ /ˈbɹeɪv.ɹi/ n
odwaga śmiałość
being brave

bravo /bɹɑˈvoʊ/ /bɹɑːˈvəʊ/ /ˈbɹɑvoʊ/ /ˈbɹɑːvəʊ/ interjection
brawo
interjection

brawl /bɹɑl/ /bɹɔl/ /bɹɔːl/ n
awantura bijatyka bitka burda chryja draka
disorderly argument or fight

brawn /bɹɔːn/ n
muskularość
physical strength, muscularity
salceson
terrine

braze /bɹeɪz/ v
zgrzewać
The joining together of two metal pieces, without melting them, using heat and diffusion of a jointing alloy of capillary thickness

brazen /ˈbɹeɪzən/ adj
bezwstydny bezczelny arogancki hucpiarski impertynencki rozpanoszony
impudent, immodest, or shameless
mosiężny
pertaining to, made of, or resembling brass

brazen bull n
byk Falarisa byk spiżowy byk sycylijski byk z brązu
ancient torture device consisting of a hollow brass bull where victims were imprisoned and burned to death

brazenly adv
arogancko bezczelnie bezwstydnie impertynencko zuchwale
In a brazen manner

brazier /ˈbɹeɪ.zjə(ɹ)/ /ˈbɹeɪ.ʒə(ɹ)/ /ˈbɹeɪ.ʒɚ/ /ˈbɹeɪʒəɹ/ n
koksiak koksownik
an upright standing or hanging metal bowl used for holding burning coal
mosiężnik
a worker in brass

brazil nut n
bertolecja orzesznica brazylijska orzesznica wyniosła
tree
orzech brazylijski
nut

brazilwood n
fernambuk
timber tree

breach /bɹiːtʃ/ n
naruszenie
break of a law or obligation
figuratively: the act of breaking
wyłom wyrwa
a gap or opening made by breaking or battering

breach /bɹiːtʃ/ v
naruszyć
to violate or break

breach of contract n
naruszenie umowy
failure to perform

breach of trust n
nadużycie zaufania naruszenie zaufania

bread /bɹɛd/ n
chleb pieczywo
baked dough made from cereals
pieczywo chleb
countable: any variety of bread

bread and circuses /-iz/ /-kɪ.səz/ /ˈbɹɛd ənd ˈsəː.kəs.əz/ /ˈbɹɛd ənd ˈsɚ.kə.səz/ n
chleba i igrzysk
food and entertainment provided by the state

bread knife n
nóż do chleba
knife designed to cut bread

bread maker n
wypiekacz do chleba
household appliance which makes bread

bread roll n
bułka
miniature round loaf of bread

breadbasket /ˈbɹɛdbɑːskɪt/ /ˈbɹɛdˌbæskɪt/ n
koszyk na chleb
basket for storing or carrying bread

breadboard n
deska do krojenia chleba
cutting board

breadbox /ˈbɹɛd.bɑks/ /ˈbɹɛd.bɒks/ n
chlebak
a container for storing bread

breadcrumb /ˈbɹɛdˌkrʌm/ n
bułka tarta
tiny piece of bread

breadline n
granica ubóstwa
subsistence level

breadstick n
grissini paluch paluszek
slender loaf of crisp bread

breadth-first search n
przeszukiwanie wszerz
a search algorithm

breadwinner /ˈbɹɛdˌwɪnɚ/ n
żywiciel rodziny
primary income-earner in a household

break /bɹeɪk/ /bɹiːk/ [bɹ(ʷ)eɪ̯k] n
przerwa
rest or pause, usually from work
przełamanie
tennis: game won by receiving party
ucieczka
act of escaping

break /bɹeɪk/ /bɹiːk/ [bɹ(ʷ)eɪ̯k] v
połamać się rozbić się złamać się łamać się
intransitive: to separate into (to end up in) two or more pieces
psuć się zespuć się
intransitive: to stop functioning properly or altogether
psuć zepsuć
transitive: to cause to stop functioning
rozmieniać rozmienić
to divide (money) into smaller units
rujnować zrujnować
to ruin financially
złamać się łamać
intransitive, of a bone: to crack
złamać łamać
transitive: to cause (a bone) to crack
to cause a person to lose spirit or will
łamać złamać rozbijać
transitive: to separate into (to cause to end up in) two or more pieces

break a lance v
walczyć
to take a stand

break a leg interjection
powodzenia! połamania nóg!
expression of best wishes to a performer

break a sweat v
napocić się
to put effort into something
to start sweating

break bad /bɹeɪk bæd/ /bɹæɪ̯k bæːd/ v
zejść na złą drogę
to go wrong, to turn toward immorality or crime

break bread v
jeść razem zjeść razem
eat a meal, especially shared
łamać chleb
take part in Holy Communion

break camp v
zwijać obóz zwinąć obóz
pack up a campsite and move on

break character v
wychodzić z roli wyjść z roli

break down v
psuć się zepsuć się
(machine) to stop functioning

break in v
ujeździć ujeżdżać
to tame (a horse or other animal)

break on the wheel v
łamać kołem
to execute by beating

break one's fast v
jeść śniadanie
archaic: to eat breakfast

break one's promise v
złamać obietnicę łamać obietnicę
to break one's word

break ranks v
wyłamać się
to break a military designation

break someone's heart v
złamać serce
to cause a person to feel grief or sadness

break the back of v
kończyć większą część projektu skończyć większą część projektu
to complete the greater part of

break the bank v
rozbijać bank rozbić bank
win all the money that is available to be paid

break the ice /ˈbɹeɪk ði ˈaɪs/ v
przełamać lody
to start to get to know people, by avoiding awkwardness

break up v
zerwać
to end a relationship

break water v
woda odchodzi woda odeszła
to lose one's amniotic fluid

break wind v
psuć powietrze puszczać gazy puścić gazy zepsuć powietrze
to flatulate

break-even point n
próg rentowności
The point where total costs equal total sales revenue

breakable /ˈbɹeɪkəbl/ adj
łamliwy
able to be broken

breakaway adj
oderwany
having broken away from a larger unit

breakdance n
breakdance
instance of breakdancing

breakdancing n
breakdance
Style of dance

breakdown /ˈbɹeɪkdaʊn/ n
awaria
failure, particularly mechanical

breaker /ˈbɹeɪkə/ /ˈbɹeɪkɚ/ n
bałwan grzywacz
wave
coś, co łamie
something that breaks
maszyna łamiąca kamienie
machine for breaking rocks or coal

breakfast /ˈbreɪkˌfɑːst/ /ˈbɹeɪkˌfæst/ /ˈbɹɛkfəst/ n
śniadanie
first meal of the day

breakfast /ˈbreɪkˌfɑːst/ /ˈbɹeɪkˌfæst/ /ˈbɹɛkfəst/ v
śniadać jeść śniadanie zjeść śniadanie
to eat the morning meal

breakfast cereal n
płatki śniadaniowe
food made from processed grains

breaking news n
wiadomość z ostatniej chwili łamiąca wiadomość
news that just happened or is happening

breakout n
ucieczka z więzienia
An escape from prison

breakthrough /ˈbɹeɪk.θɹuː/ adj
przełomowy
characterized by major progress

breakthrough /ˈbɹeɪk.θɹuː/ n
przełom
major progress
military advance

breakup /ˈbɹeɪk.ʌp/ n
rozstanie
termination of a friendship or a romantic relationship

breakwater /ˈbɹeɪkˌwɔːtə/ n
falochron
construction in or around a harbour
ostroga brzegowa
beach barrier

bream /bɹim/ /bɹiːm/ /bɹɛm/ /bɹɪm/ n
leszcz
Abramis brama
fish of the genus Abramis

breast /bɹɛst/ n
pierś biust cycek
milk-producing organ

breast cancer n
rak piersi
cancer of the breast

breast pocket n
brustasza
pocket over the chest

breastaurant n
matka
breastfeeding woman as a source of nutrition
restauracja
restaurant featuring scantily clad waitresses

breastbone n
mostek
the central narrow bone in the front of the chest

breastfeed /ˈbɹɛs(t)fiːd/ v
karmić piersią
feed a baby milk via the breasts

breastfeeding /ˈbɹɛstˌfidɪŋ/ n
karmienie piersią
activity

breastplate n
kirys napierśnik
armor
podpiersie podpiersień podpierśnik
horse tack

breaststroke n
styl klasyczny żabka
swimming stroke

breath /bɹɛθ/ n
oddychanie oddech
act or process of breathing

breathalyzer n
alkomat balonik
a device that measures alcohol in expired air

breathe /bɹið/ /bɹiːð/ v
oddychać
to exchange gases in similar way
oddychać swobodnie
figuratively: to live
oddychać odetchnąć
to draw air in and out
szeptać
to whisper quietly
wdychać
to draw into lungs

breathe in v
wdychać
to inhale

breathe out v
wydychać
to exhale

breather /bɹiː.ðə(ɹ)/ n
odsapka
short break

breathing /ˈbɹiðɪŋ/ /ˈbɹiːðɪŋ/ n
oddychanie oddech
act of respiration

breathtaking /ˈbɹɛθˌteɪ.kɪŋ/ adj
zapierający dech w piersiach
stunningly beautiful

breech birth n
poród pośladkowy
birth in which the fetus comes feet or knees first

breeches /ˈbɹiː.t͡ʃɪz/ /ˈbɹɪ.t͡ʃɪz/ n
bryczesy
a garment worn by men, covering the hips and thighs

breed /bɹiːd/ n
gatunek
all animals or plants of the same species or subspecies
rasa
race or lineage

breed /bɹiːd/ v
hodować
to keep animals and have them reproduce
to propagate or grow plants
hodować wychowywać
to take care of in infancy and through childhood
płodzić rozmnażać się spładzać spłodzić
to sexually produce offspring

breeder /ˈbɹiːdɚ/ n
hodowca hodowczyni
(professional) plant or animal breeder

breeding-ground n
lęgowisko
place where animals breed

breeze /bɹiːz/ n
bryza lekki powiew wiaterek wicherek wietrzyk zefirek
a light, gentle wind

bresaola /bɹɛˈsoʊlə/ /bɹɛˈsəʊlə/ /bɹɪˈzoʊlə/ /bɹɪˈzəʊlə/ n
bresaola

brethren /ˈbɹɛðɹən/ n
bractwo
the body of members

breviary /ˈbɹiː.və.ɹi/ /ˈbɹiː.vɪ.əɹ.i/ /ˈbɹɛv.i.ɛɹ.i/ /ˈbɹɛv.ɪ.əɹ.i/ n
brewiarz
a book containing prayers and hymns

brew /bɹuʊ̯/ /bɹuː/ /bɹɪʊ̯/ [bɹʉw] v
warzyć
to make beer

brewer /ˈbɹuː.ə(ɹ)/ n
piwowar
someone who brews

breweriana n
birofilia birofilistyka

brewery /ˈbɹuːəɹi/ n
browar browarnia
building where beer is produced

brewing /ˈbɹuːɪŋ/ n
warzenie
production of alcoholic beverages

brewski n
browar
informal: beer

bribe /bɹaɪb/ n
łapówka
inducement to a breaking of the rules

bribe /bɹaɪb/ v
przekupić dawać łapówkę
to give a bribe

bribery /ˈbɹaɪbəɹi/ n
łapownictwo łapówkarstwo
making of illegal payment to persons in official positions as a means of influencing their decisions

bribetaker n
łapownik łapówkarz
a person who takes bribes

bric-a-brac /ˈbɹɪkəbɹæk/ /ˈbɹɪkəˌbɹæk/ n
bambetle bibeloty
small ornaments and other miscellaneous items of little value

brick /bɹɪk/ adj
ceglany
made of brick(s)

brick /bɹɪk/ n
cegła
hardened block used for building
a building material

brick red adj
ceglasty
colour

bricker /ˈbɹɪkɚ/ n
cegielnik ceglarz
someone who makes bricks

bricklayer n
murarz
craftsman

brickwork n
wiązanie wątek
structure made of brick

brickyard n
cegielnia
factory where bricks are produced or distributed

bridal couple n
państwo młodzi młoda para
bride and bridegroom

bride /bɹaɪd/ n
panna młoda młoda niewiasta oblubienica
woman in the context of her own wedding

bride price n
wiano
sum paid to the family of the bride

bridegroom /ˈbɹaɪdˌɡɹuːm/ n
pan młody nowożeniec
bridegroom, groom

bridesmaid /ˈbɹaɪdzˌmeɪd/ n
druhna
woman who attends the bride at a wedding ceremony

bridge /bɹɪd͡ʒ/ n
grzbiet most
(anatomy) bony ridge of the nose
most
construction or natural feature that spans a divide
(computing) device which connects computer buses
(graph theory) edge
most mostek
(dentistry) replacement for teeth
mostek kapitański most
(nautical) platform above the upper deck
brydż bridż
card game

bridge loan n
ubezpieczenie pomostowe
money loaned for a short period

bridgehead /ˈbɹɪd͡ʒhɛd/ n
przyczółek
area of ground on the enemy's side of an obstacle

bridle /ˈbɹaɪdəl/ n
ogłowie uzda tranzelka
headgear for horse

bridle /ˈbɹaɪdəl/ v
kiełznać
to put a bridle on
żachnąć się
to show hostility

bridled tern n
rybitwa brunatnogrzbieta
Onychoprion anaethetus

brie /bɹiː/ n
brie
mild French cheese

brief /bɹiːf/ adj
krótki
of short duration
zwięzły
concise

briefcase /ˈbɹiːfˌkeɪs/ n
teczka aktówka
case used for carrying documents

briefing /ˈbɹiːfɪŋ/ n
briefing
short and concise summary of a situation

briefly /ˈbɹiːfli/ adv
pokrótce
in a brief manner

briefs /bɹiːfs/ n
majtki slipy gacie gatki
male underwear

brig /bɹɪɡ/ n
bryg
two-masted vessel

brigade /bɹɪˈɡeɪd/ n
brygada
military unit
organized group of people

brigadier /bɹɪɡəˈdɪɚ/ n
brygadier
an army rank

brigand /ˈbɹɪɡ.ənd/ n
bandyta zbój
bandit

brigandish adj
bandycki

brigantine /ˈbɹɪɡ.ənˌtaɪn/ /ˈbɹɪɡ.ənˌtin/ n
brygantyna
square-rigged foremast with main mast rigged fore-and-aft, sailing vessel

bright /bɹaɪt/ adj
jasny
emitting much light; visually dazzling

bright and early /ˌbɹaɪt‿n̩ ˈɜɹli/ /ˌbɹaɪt‿n̩ ˈɜːli/ adv
białym świtem bladym świtem
(very) early in the morning

brill /bɹɪl/ n
nagład
Scophthalmus rhombus

brilliance /ˈbɹɪljən(t)s/ n
blask świetlistość
The quality of being exceptionally effulgent
błyskotliwość błyskotność
The quality of having extraordinary mental capacity

brilliant /ˈbɹɪljənt/ adj
błyskotliwy błyskotny genialny
highly intelligent
błyszczący
shining brightly
świetny błyskotliwy błyskotny znakomity
of surpassing excellence

brilliantly adv
błyskotliwie błyskotnie błyszcząco
in a brilliant manner

brim /bɹɪm/ n
krawędź
topmost rim or lip of a container

bring /ˈbɹɪŋ/ v
przynieść przynosić przyprowadzać przyprowadzić przywieźć przywozić
to transport toward somebody/somewhere

bring a knife to a gunfight v
przychodzić nieprzygotowany przyjść nieprzygotowany
to be inadequately equipped

bring about v
dokonywać
to accomplish
powodować wywoływać
to cause to take place

bring forward v
przesunąć na wcześniejszy termin przyspieszyć

bring home the bacon v
przynosić mamuta do domu
to make a living

bring to bear v
wykorzystać wykorzystywać
employ to achieve an effect

bring to justice v
postawić przed sądem stawiać przed sądem
cause a person to be brought to trial on offenses

bring to light v
wyciągać na światło dzienne wyciągnąć na światło dzienne
expose

bring to one's knees v
rzucać na kolana rzucić na kolana

bring up v
wychować wychowywać
raise or rear children

bring up the rear v
być na końcu
to be last in a moving line of people

brioche /briːˈɒʃ/ /ˈbriːɒʃ/ n
brioche brioszka
type of bun

briquette /bɹɪˈkɛt/ n
brykiet
small brick

brisk /bɹɪsk/ adj
energiczny
full of liveliness and activity

bristle /ˈbɹɪstəl/ /ˈbɹɪsəl/ /ˈbɹʌsəl/ n
szczecina sierść
stiff or coarse hair
włosie
hair or straw of a brush, broom etc.

bristle /ˈbɹɪstəl/ /ˈbɹɪsəl/ /ˈbɹʌsəl/ v
najeżyć
to rise or stand erect, like bristle
zjeżyć się
to be on one's guard

brittle /ˈbɹɪtl̩/ adj
kruchy
able to break or snap easily under stress or pressure

brittle star n
wężowidło
echinoderms

brittlegill n
gołąbek
mushroom of the genus Russula

bro /bɹoʊ/ /bɹəʊ/ pronoun
brach braciak
male comrade or friend; one who shares one’s ideals

broad /bɹoːd/ /bɹɑd/ /bɹɔd/ /bɹɔːd/ n
babol babon babsko babsztyl babus
colloquial term for a woman or girl

broad bean n
bób bobik
Vicia faba

broad hint n
wyraźna aluzja

broad shoulders n
bary
literally

broad-billed sandpiper n
biegus płaskodzioby
Calidris falcinellus

broad-shouldered adj
barczysty pleczysty
having broad shoulders

broad-winged hawk n
myszołów szerokoskrzydły
Buteo platypterus

broadcast /-kæst/ /ˈbɹɑdkæst/ /ˈbɹɔdkæst/ /ˈbɹɔːdkast/ /ˈbɹɔːdkɑːst/ n
audycja emisja program
programme transmitted
nadawanie emisja
transmission of a radio or television programme

broadcast /-kæst/ /ˈbɹɑdkæst/ /ˈbɹɔdkæst/ /ˈbɹɔːdkast/ /ˈbɹɔːdkɑːst/ v
nadawać nadać
to transmit a message or signal through radio waves or electronic means

broadcaster /-ˌkæstə/ /ˈbɹɑd-/ /ˈbɹɔdˌkæstɚ/ /ˈbɹɔːdˌkɑːstə/ n
nadawca
organization or station that engages in the activity of such broadcasting
nadawca nadawczyni
person whose job it is to effect such broadcasts

broadcasting n
nadawanie
business or profession of radio and television

broadcloth n
sukno
fine smooth-faced woolen cloth

broaden /ˈbɹoː.dən/ /ˈbɹɑ.dən/ /ˈbɹɔ.dən/ /ˈbɹɔː.dən/ v
poszerzać się poszerzyć się
to become broad
poszerzać poszerzyć
to make broad

broadly speaking adv
ogólnie rzecz biorąc

broadside n
salwa burtowa
the simultaneous firing of all the guns on one side of a warship

brocade /bɹəˈkeɪd/ n
brokat
fabric

broccoli /ˈbɹɑ.kə.li/ /ˈbɹɑk.li/ /ˈbɹɒ.kə.li/ n
brokuł
plant Brassica oleracea var. italica

brochure /bɹoʊˈʃɝ/ /bɹoʊˈʃʊɚ/ /ˈbɹəʊ.ʃə(ɹ)/ n
broszura ulotka
booklet of printed informational matter

broiler chicken n
brojler

broke /bɹoʊk/ /bɹəʊk/ adj
spłukany
lacking money; bankrupt

broken /ˈbɹoʊ.kən/ /ˈbɹoʊ.kɪn/ /ˈbɹəʊ.kən/ adj
kreskowany przerywany
of a line: dashed
połamany złamany
having the bone in pieces, fractured
spłukany
having no money
stłuczony potłuczony powyłamywany połamany
fragmented
zepsuty
not working properly

broken heart n
złamane serce
feeling of grief or loss

broken record n
zdarta płyta
Someone or something that constantly repeats itself, causing annoyance

broken-down adj
uszkodzony
no longer in working order

broker /ˈbɹoʊkɚ/ /ˈbɹəʊkə/ n
makler pośrednik
mediator between a buyer and seller

broker /ˈbɹoʊkɚ/ /ˈbɹəʊkə/ v
pośredniczyć
to mediate in a sale or transaction

brokerage n
maklerstwo
company whose business is to act as a broker

bromance /ˈbɹoʊmæns/ /ˈbɹəʊmæns/ n
męska przyjaźń
close but non-sexual relationship between men

bromatology /bɹəʊməˈtɒləd͡ʒi/ n
bromatologia
study of food

brome /bɹəʊm/ n
stokłosa
grass of Bromus

bromic adj
bromowy

bromide /ˈbɹoʊ.maɪd/ /ˈbɹəʊ.maɪd/ n
bromek
chemistry: binary compound of bromine and another element

bromine /ˈbɹoʊmin/ /ˈbɹəʊmiːn, -mɪn, -maɪn/ n
brom
nonmetallic chemical element

bromoacetone n
bromoaceton
CH₃-CO-CH₂Br

bromoform n
bromoform
CHBr₃

bronchitis /bɹɒŋˈkaɪtɪs/ n
zapalenie oskrzeli bronchit
inflammation of the lungs

broncho- prefix
broncho-
relating to bronchi

bronchoscopy n
bronchoskopia
technique

bronchus /ˈbɹɑŋkəs/ /ˈbɹɒŋkəs/ n
oskrzele oskrzela
Either or two branches of the trachea

bronze /bɹɑnz/ /bɹɒnz/ adj
brązowy
having a bronze colour
made of bronze

bronze /bɹɑnz/ /bɹɒnz/ n
brąz
alloy
colour

bronze medal n
brązowy medal
medal made of, or having the colour of, bronze

bronze-winged jacana n
długoszpon białobrewy
Metopidius indicus

bronzesmith n
brązownik
maker of bronze articles

brooch /bɹoʊt͡ʃ/ /bɹuːt͡ʃ/ /bɹəʊtʃ/ n
brosza broszka
jewellery with pin

brood mare n
klacz rozpłodowa
mare used for breeding

broody /ˈbɹuːdi/ n
nieśna
female bird in the condition to incubate eggs

brook /bɹuːk/ /bɹʊk/ n
potok strumyk ruczaj
a small stream

broom /bɹuːm/ /bɹʊm/ n
janowiec
Fabaceae shrub
miotła szczotka
domestic utensil
szczotka
sweeper in curling

broom /bɹuːm/ /bɹʊm/ v
zamiatać
to sweep

broomrape n
zaraza
plant of the genus Orobanche

broomstick /ˈbɹum.stɪk/ n
kij od miotły
the handle of a broom

bros before hoes proverb
przyjaciele są lepsi niż dziewczyny
a man should prioritize his best friends over his girlfriend or wife

broth /bɹɑθ/ /bɹɒθ/ /bɹɔθ/ n
rosół bulion
water in which food (meat or vegetable etc) has been boiled
soup made from broth

brothel /ˈbɹɑðəl/ /ˈbɹɑθəl/ /ˈbɹɒðəl/ /ˈbɹɒθəl/ /ˈbɹɔðəl/ /ˈbɹɔθəl/ n
burdel dom publiczny bajzel agencja towarzyska lupanar zamtuz
house of prostitution

brothelkeeper n
bajzelmama
person who keeps a brothel

brother /ˈbɹɐðɘ(ɹ)/ /ˈbɹʌvə(ɹ)/ /ˈbɹʌðə(ɹ)/ /ˈbɹʌðɚ/ n
brat
male having parents in common
male fellow member of a religious community
peer
brat brachol braciszek
male sibling

brother-in-arms n
towarzysz broni
fellow combatant or soldier

brother-in-law /ˈbɹʌðəɹ ɪn ˌlɔː/ /ˈbɹʌðɚ ɪn ˌlɑ/ /ˈbɹʌðɚ ɪn ˌlɔ/ n
szwagier
one's sister's husband
one's husband's sister's husband
one's wife's sister's husband
szwagier dziewierz
one's husband's brother
szwagier szurzy
one's wife's brother

brotherhood /ˈbɹʌðəhʊd/ /ˈbɹʌðɚhʊd/ n
bractwo
an association of any purpose, a fraternity
braterstwo
state of being brothers or a brother

brotherly /ˈbɹʌð.ə.li/ /ˈbɹʌð.ɚ.li/ adj
braterski
of or characteristic of brothers

brow ridge n
łuk brwiowy
bony projection above the eye sockets

browbeat /ˈbɹaʊ.biːt/ v
zastraszać zastraszyć
to bully in an intimidating way

brown /bɹaʊn/ adj
brązowy brąz
having a brown colour

brown /bɹaʊn/ n
brąz brązowy
colour

brown /bɹaʊn/ v
brązowieć zbrązowieć
to become brown
przypiekać przyrumienić przypiec przyrumieniać
to cook until brown

brown bear n
niedźwiedź brunatny
Ursus arctos

brown bread n
ciemne pieczywo
type of bread

brown dwarf n
brązowy karzeł
starlike object

brown falcon n
sokół brunatny

brown hyena n
hiena brunatna
Hyaena brunnea

brown rat n
szczur wędrowny
Rattus norvegicus

brown shrike n
dzierzba brązowa
Lanius cristatus

brown sugar n
brązowy cukier
partially refined sugar

brown-eyed adj
brązowooki
having brown eyes

brown-haired adj
szatynowy
having brown hair

brownie /ˈbɹaʊni/ n
brownie
small rich cake

brownish /ˈbɹaʊnɪʃ/ adj
brązowawy
of a colour which resembles brown; somewhat brown

brownnose n
wdupowłaz
one who brownnoses

brownnose v
lizać dupę włazić w dupę

browse /bɹaʊz/ v
przeglądać
navigate through hyperlinked documents
scan, casually look through

brr /bɝ/ [ʙ̩ː] interjection
brr pru
expression to show shivering

brrm interjection
brum
the sound of a car engine (childish)

brucellosis n
bruceloza
infection by the bacterium, Brucella

bruise /bɹuːz/ n
obicie
mark on fruit or vegetable
siniak siniec stłuczenie
medical: mark on the skin

bruise /bɹuːz/ v
posiniaczyć siniaczyć
strike (a person), giving them a bruise

brumby /ˈbɹʌmbi/ n
brumby
feral horse

brunch /bɹʌnt͡ʃ/ /bɹʌnʃ/ n
brunch
a meal

brunette /bɹuˈnɛt/ /bɹuːnɛt/ n
brunetka brunet bruneta
a person, especially female, with brown or black hair

bruschetta /bɹuˈskɛtə/ /bɹuˈʃɛtə/ /bɹʊˈskɛtə/ n
bruschetta
Italian toasted bread topped with garlic and tomatoes

brush /bɹɛʃ/ /bɹʌʃ/ n
czesanie szczotkowanie
act of brushing
kita
furry tail
szczotka
electrical contact
szczotka pędzel
implement

brush /bɹɛʃ/ /bɹʌʃ/ v
szczotkować
to clean (with a brush)

brush up v
odświeżać odświeżyć
to improve a rusty or underdeveloped skill

brushwood n
chrust
fallen branches and twigs
zarośla
small trees and shrubs

brusque /bɹuːsk/ /bɹʊsk/ /bɹʌsk/ adj
opryskliwy szorstki obcesowy kanciasty oschły
rudely abrupt

brutal /ˈbɹu.təl/ /ˈbɹuː.təl/ /ˈbɹʉː.təl/ [ˈbɹu.ɾəl] [ˈbɹʉː.ɾəl] adj
brutalny
savagely violent

brutality /bɹuˈtælɪɾi/ /bɹuːˈtælɪti/ n
brutalność
The use of excessive physical force, often in the form of violence
brutalność brutalizm
a state of being brutal
okrucieństwo
a cruel act

brutally adv
brutalnie
in a brutal manner

brute /bɹut/ /bɹuːt/ adj
bezrozumny
of humans: senseless, unreasoning
unconnected with intelligence or thought; purely material, senseless

brute /bɹut/ /bɹuːt/ n
bestia
animal destitute of human reason
brutal
brutal person

brutely adv
bezrozumnie

bruteness n
bezrozum bezrozumność

bruxism /ˈbɹʊk-/ /ˈbɹʌksɪz(ə)m/ /ˈbɹʌksɪzəm/ n
bruksizm
habit or practice of grinding the teeth

bryndza n
bryndza
cheese

bryo- prefix
brio-

bryozoan /ˌbɹɑɪəˈzəʊən/ n
mszywioł
invertebrate in the phylum Bryozoa

bubble /ˈbʌb.əl/ n
bańka bąbel
spherically contained volume of air or other gas

bubble wrap n
folia bąbelkowa folia pęcherzykowa
cushioning material

bubblegum /ˈbʌbl̩ɡʌm/ /ˈbʌbəlɡʌm/ n
balonówka guma balonowa
chewing gum

bubo /ˈbju.boʊ/ /ˈbjuː.bəʊ/ /ˈbu.boʊ/ n
dymienica
inflamed lymph node

bubonic /bjuːˈbɒnɪk/ adj
dymieniczy
of or pertaining to buboes

bubonic plague n
dżuma dymienicza
disease caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis

buccal /ˈbʌk.əl/ adj
policzkowy
of or relating to the cheek

buccaneer /ˌbʌkəˈnɪɚ/ n
bukanier kaper korsarz
a group of seamen
bukanier korsarz pirat
pirate

buck /bʌk/ n
baks dolec zielony
informal: dollar

buckbean n
bobrek trójlistkowy trójliść
Menyanthes trifoliata

bucket /ˈbʌ.kət/ /ˈbʌ.kɪt/ n
czerpak łyżka
part of piece of machinery
grat gruchot rzęch
old car
kosz
basketball: basket
wiadro kubeł ceber
container

bucket list n
lista rzeczy do zrobienia przed śmiercią
a list of things to accomplish before one's death

buckle /ˈbʌk(ə)l/ /ˈbʌkl̩/ n
sprzączka klamra
metal clasp with a hinged tongue or a spike

buckle down v
przykładać się przysiąść sadła przyłożyć się
to apply oneself to study, or a task or work

buckler /ˈbʌk.lə/ /ˈbʌk.lɚ/ n
puklerz
small shield

buckshot n
śrut gruby
lead shot used in shotgun cartridges

buckthorn n
szakłak
plant of the genus Rhamnus

buckwheat /ˈbʌkwiːt/ /ˈbʌkʍiːt/ n
gryka
Fagopyrum esculentum plant
fruit of this plant as cereal

bucolic /bjuˈkɑlɪk/ /bjuːˈkɒlɪk/ n
bukolika
a pastoral poem

bud /bʌd/ n
pączek pąk
newly formed leaf or flower that has not yet unfolded

buddha /ˈbudə/ /ˈbʊdə/ n
budda
enlightened human

buddy /ˈbʌd.i/ pronoun
kolega
partner for a particular activity
kolega koleś morda
informal address to a stranger
kumpel
friend or casual acquaintance

budge /bʌd͡ʒ/ v
poruszyć przesunąć
transitive: to move

budgerigar /ˈbɐd͡ʒəɹiˌɡɐː/ /ˈbʌd͡ʒəɹiˌɡɑɹ/ /ˈbʌd͡ʒəɹiˌɡɑː/ n
papużka falista
species of parakeet

budget /ˈbʌd͡ʒ.ət/ /ˈbʌd͡ʒ.ɪt/ adj
budżetowy
of, or relating to a budget
tani
appropriate to a restricted budget

budget /ˈbʌd͡ʒ.ət/ /ˈbʌd͡ʒ.ɪt/ n
budżet preliminarz
the amount of money or resources earmarked for a particular institution, activity or time-frame
preliminarz budżet
itemized summary of intended expenditure

budget /ˈbʌd͡ʒ.ət/ /ˈbʌd͡ʒ.ɪt/ v
gospodarować
plan for the use of in a budget

budget constraint n
kotwica budżetowa

budgetary /ˈbʌd͡ʒ.əˌtɛɹ.i/ /ˈbʌd͡ʒ.ɪ.tə.ɹi/ /ˈbʌd͡ʒ.ɪ.tɹi/ adj
budżetowy
of or pertaining to a budget

budgeting n
budżetowanie
activity of constructing a budget

budyonovka n
budionowka
Red Army hat

buff-bellied pipit n
świergotek bagienny
Anthus rubescens

buff-breasted sandpiper n
biegus płowy
Calidris subruficollis

buffalo /ˈbʌf.ə.loʊ/ /ˈbʌf.əl.əʊ/ n
bawół bawolica
Bubalina
bizon bawół
North American bison

buffalo /ˈbʌf.ə.loʊ/ /ˈbʌf.əl.əʊ/ v
polować na bawoły
hunt buffalo

buffer /ˈbafə(ɹ)/ /ˈbʌfə(ɹ)/ /ˈbʌfɚ/ [ˈbäfə(ɹ)] [ˈbɐfə(ɹ)] n
bufor
portion of memory in computing
solution to stabilize pH

buffer zone n
strefa buforowa
neutral area

buffet /bəˈfeɪ/ /bʌˈfeɪ/ /ˈbʊ.feɪ/ /ˈbʌ.feɪ/ n
bufet
counter or sideboard

bufflehead /ˈbʌfəlhɛd/ n
gągołek
a duck in the goldeneye genus

buffoon /bəˈfuːn/ n
pajac
one who acts in a silly or ridiculous fashion

buffoonery /bəˈfuːnəɹi/ n
bufonada błazenada
behaviour expected of a buffoon

bug /bʌɡ/ n
bakcyl
an enthusiasm for something
bug byk błąd
problem that needs fixing (especially in computing)
logo
a small image placed in a corner of a television program
owad insekt robak robal
a colloquial name for insect
pluskwa podsłuch
an electronic listening device
pluskwiak
an insect of the order Hemiptera

bug /bʌɡ/ v
podkładać pluskwę podłożyć pluskwę zakładać pluskwę założyć pluskwę
to install an electronic listening device in
wkurzać
to annoy

bugger /ˈbʌɡə/ /ˈbʌɡɚ/ n
skurwysyn
slang: someone viewed with affection

bugger /ˈbʌɡə/ /ˈbʌɡɚ/ v
cwelić przecwelić
to have anal intercourse with
pierdolić rozpierdalać rozpierdolić spierdolić
to ruin

bughouse chess n
kloc
variant of chess

bugle /ˈbjuːɡəl/ n
róg
music: simple brass instrument
dąbrówka
plant of the genus Ajuga

build /bɪld/ n
budowa ciała
physique
kompilacja
any version of a software during its development

build /bɪld/ v
budować stawiać wznosić postawić wybudować wznieść
(transitive) to form by combining materials or parts

build bridges /bɪld ˈbɹɪd͡ʒɪz/ v
budować mosty
to establish friendly relations or links

build castles in the air v
budować zamki na lodzie
to have any desire, idea, or plan unlikely to be realized

builder /ˈbɪl.də/ /ˈbɪl.dɚ/ [ˈbɪɫ.ɾɚ] n
budowlaniec budownicza budowniczy
a person who builds or constructs things

building /ˈbɪl.dɪŋ/ n
budowa budować
act or process of building
budynek budowla gmach dom
closed structure with walls and a roof

building block n
blok budulec
(figuratively) component that is part of a larger system

building material n
budulec
any material which is used for construction purposes

building site n
budowa plac budowy
place where a building is located, under construction, or will be erected

bukkake /buˈkæ.ki/ /buˈkɑː.ke/ /buˈkɑː.ki/ n
bukkake
act of multiple people ejaculating on someone

bulb /ˈbʌb/ /ˈbʌlb/ n
cebulka cebula
bulb-shaped root

bulbil n
bulwka
bulb-shaped bud

bulbosity n
baniastość
the condition of being bulbous

bulbous /ˈboʊlbəs/ /ˈbʌlbəs/ adj
baniasty
having the shape of a bulb

bulbously adv
baniasto

bulbul /ˈbʊlbʊl/ n
bilbil
bird of the family Pycnonotidae

bulge /bʊld͡ʒ/ /bʌldʒ/ /bʌld͡ʒ/ n
wypukłość
something sticking out

bulgogi /bʊlˈɡoʊɡiː/ n
bulgogi
a Korean dish

bulgur /ˈbʊl.ɡɚ/ /ˈbʌl.ɡɚ/ n
bulgur
Middle Eastern food

bulimia /bjuˈlimi.ə/ /bjuˈlɪmi.ə/ /buˈlimi.ə/ /buˈlɪmi.ə/ n
bulimia nervosa żarłoczność psychiczna
eating disorder

bulk /bʌlk/ n
objętość masa wielkość
volume

bulkhead /ˈbʌlk.hɛd/ n
gródź
partition on ship
partition on air- or spacecraft

bulky /ˈbʌlki/ adj
masywny
large in size, mass, or volume

bull /ˈbʊl/ n
byk
uncastrated adult male bovine
adult male animal
large, strong man
bulla
document

bull market n
hossa
state of stock market

bull run n
encierro
event in which people run with bulls in the streets

bull terrier n
bullterier bulterier

bulldog /ˈbʊl.dɑɡ/ /ˈbʊl.dɒɡ/ /ˈbʊl.dɔɡ/ n
buldog
breed of dog

bulldozer /ˈbʊldoʊzɚ/ n
buldożer spychacz spycharka
tractor

bullet /ˈbʊl.ɪt/ n
kula pocisk
projectile

bullet point n
punktor
symbol that marks each item in a bullet list

bulletin /ˈ bʊl.ə.tən/ /ˈ bʊl.ə.tɪn/ /ˈ bʊl.əʔ.n̩/ /ˈ bʊl.ɪ.tɪn/ n
biuletyn
A short printed publication

bulletin board n
tablica ogłoszeń
a board

bulletproof /bʊl.ɪtpɹuːf/ adj
kuloodporny
capable of withstanding a bullet

bulletproof vest /bʊl.ɪtpɹuːf vɛst/ n
kamizelka kuloodporna
garment

bullfight n
corrida korrida

bullfighting n
korrida

bullfinch n
gil
Pyrrhula pyrrhula

bullish adj
byczy
built 'like a bull'

bullroarer n
czurynga
musical instrument

bullseye /ˈbʊlzaɪ/ n
bulaj
thick glass set into the side of a ship to let in light

bullshit /ˈbʊlʃɪt/ interjection
gówno prawda! pierdolisz!
expression of disbelief

bullshit /ˈbʊlʃɪt/ n
bzdura gówno prawda pieprzenie pierdolenie pierdoły pierdzielenie o Chopinie
vulgar slang for deceptive or exaggerated nonsense
gówno prawda
vulgar slang for patently or offensively false statements

bullshit /ˈbʊlʃɪt/ v
pieprzyć pierdolić
have casual conversation with no real point
tell lies, exaggerate

bullwhip n
batog
whip

bully /ˈbʊli/ v
znęcać się
to intimidate

bullying /ˈbʊl.i.ɪŋ/ n
bullying znęcanie
persistent acts intended to make life unpleasant
znęcanie
act of intimidating a person

bulrush n
sitowie
any of several wetland plants

bulwark /ˈbʊl.wək/ /ˈbʊl.wɚk/ n
szaniec wał
defensive wall or rampart

bum /bʌm/ n
pupa
informal: buttocks or anus
bezdomny menel
hobo

bum wine n
alpaga bełt jabol mamrot siara żur
cheap, low-quality wine

bumblebee /ˈbʌmbl̩bi/ n
trzmiel bąk
genus of bee

bumfuck nowhere pn
zadupie pierdziszewo wypiździejewo
the middle of nowhere

bump /bʌmp/ [bɐm̥p] n
brzuch
the swollen abdomen of a pregnant woman
bum łup
the sound of such a collision
guz
a swelling on the skin caused by illness or injury
stłuczka
a light blow or jolting collision
wybój
a protuberance on a level surface

bump in the road n
bajer

bumper /ˈbʌmpə(ɹ)/ n
zderzak
impact absorber on a vehicle
mechanical device to absorb impact

bumper car n
samochodziki na autodromie
vehicle

bumper crop n
obfity plon
a large yield

bun /bʌn/ n
bułka drożdżówka kołaczyk
a small bread roll, often sweetened or spiced
kok
a tight roll of hair worn at the back of the head

bunch /bʌntʃ/ /bʌnt͡ʃ/ /bʌnʃ/ n
bukiet kiść pęk
a group of similar things
grono kiść
a cluster of grapes
paczka
an informal body of friends

bundle /ˈbʌnd(ə)l/ n
kupa
colloquial: large amount, especially of money
pęczek
biology: cluster of closely bound muscle or nerve fibres
pęk wiązka
group of objects held together by wrapping or tying
ryza austriacka
1000 sheets of paper
zawiniątko
package wrapped or tied up for carrying

bung /ˈbʌŋ/ n
szpunt
stopper

bung-hole /ˈbʌŋˌhoʊl/ /ˈbʌŋˌhəʊl/ n
otwór
hole in a vessel, such as a cask

bungee /ˈbʌn.d͡ʒi/ n
bungee
elastic strap for securing luggage

bungee jumping n
bungee
jumping from a great height with a cord

bungee rope n
bungee
elastic cord used in bungee jumping

bungle /ˈbʌŋɡ(ə)l/ v
amatorstwo amatorszczyzna
to incompetently perform (a task); to ruin (something) through incompetent action

bunion /ˈbʌnjən/ n
haluks paluch koślawy halluks
bump on the big toe

bunk /bʌŋk/ n
koja
built-in bed on board a ship

bunk bed n
łóżko piętrowe
two or more beds fixed on top of one another

bunker /ˈbʌŋk.əː/ /ˈbʌŋk.ɚ/ n
bunkier schron
hardened shelter designed to protect the inhabitants from falling bombs or other attacks

bunker buster n
bomba penetrująca

bunny /ˈbʌni/ n
króliczek
young rabbit
women in a costume of rabbit ears and tail

bunny girl n
króliczek
club hostess in provocative costume suggestive of a rabbit

bunny slope n
ośla łączka
novice ski and snowboard area

bunting /ˈbʌntɪŋ/ n
trznadel
bird

buoy /ˈbu.i/ /ˈbwɔɪ/ /ˈbɔɪ/ n
boja pława
moored float

buoyancy /ˈbɔɪ.ən.si/ n
siła wyporu
physics: upward force on an immersed body

bupleurum n
przewiercień
plant of the genus Bupleurum

bur-reed n
jeżogłówka
a marsh plant

burble /ˈbɜː.bl̩/ /ˈbɝ.bl̩/ n
bełkot
sound of water
speech

burbot /ˈbɜ(ɹ).bət/ n
miętus
a freshwater fish: Lota lota

burden /ˈbɜːdn̩/ /ˈbɝdn̩/ n
brzemię
responsibility, onus
ciężar brzemię
heavy load
cause of worry

burden /ˈbɜːdn̩/ /ˈbɝdn̩/ v
obarczać obciążać
encumber

burden of proof n
ciężar dowodu
duty of a party in a legal proceeding
obligation of the person making a claim to provide evidence for their position

burdensome /ˈbəː.dən.səm/ /ˈbɝ.dən.səm/ adj
uciążliwy
of or like a burden; arduous or demanding

burdock /ˈbɜːdɒk/ /ˈbɝːdɑːk/ n
łopian łopuch
any of the species of biennial thistles in the genus Arctium

bureau /ˈbjʊɹ.oʊ/ /ˈbjʊɹ.ə/ /ˈbjʊɹ.əʊ/ n
biurko biurka
desk
biuro biura
office (room)
urząd
unit of governance, office

bureau de change /ˈbjʊəɹ.əʊ.dəˌʃɒ̃ʒ/ n
kantor kantor walutowy
a place where foreign currency can be exchanged

bureaucracy /bjʊəˈɹɒkɹəsi/ /bjʊˈɹɑːkɹəsi/ n
biurokracja
government by bureaus
body of officers
excessive red tape
biurokracja biuralizm
system of administration

bureaucrat /ˈbjʊəɹəkɹæt/ /ˈbjʊɹəkɹæt/ n
biurokrata
an official in a bureaucracy

bureaucratic adj
biurokratyczny biuralistyczny
of or pertaining to bureaucracy

bureaucratically adv
biuralistycznie biurokratycznie
in a bureaucratic manner

bureaucratization n
biurokratyzacja biuromania

bureaucratize /bjʊəˈɹɒkɹətʌɪz/ v
biurokratyzować zbiurokratyzować
to make bureaucratic

burek n
burek
a type of baked or fried filled pastry

burette /bjʊəˈɹɛt/ /bjʊˈɹɛt/ n
biureta
glass tube with fine gradations and a stopcock used for titration, etc.

burgeon /ˈbɜː.d͡ʒən/ /ˈbɝː.d͡ʒən/ v
pączkować rozkwitać
of plants, to bloom, bud
pęcznieć
to swell to the point of bursting
rozkwitać
to grow or expand

burger /ˈbɜː(ɹ)ɡə(ɹ)/ /ˈbɝɡɚ/ n
burger
informal: hamburger

burgher /ˈbɜː(ɹ)ɡə(ɹ)/ n
burżuj
prosperous member of the community
mieszczanin mieszczanka
citizen of a borough or town

burglar /ˈbɜːɡlə(ɹ)/ /ˈbɝɡlɚ/ n
włamywacz włamywaczka

burglary /ˈbɜː.ɡlə.ɹi/ /ˈbɝ.ɡlɚ.i/ n
kradzież z włamaniem
the crime of breaking into

burgrave /ˈbɜɹɡɹeɪv/ /ˈbɜːɡɹeɪv/ n
burgrabia
governor

burgundy /ˈbɜ.ɡən.di/ /ˈbɝ.ɡən.di/ adj
bordowy burgundowy
color

burgundy /ˈbɜ.ɡən.di/ /ˈbɝ.ɡən.di/ n
bordo
color

burial /ˈbɛɹiəl/ /ˈbɛɹɪəl/ /ˈbɝiəl/ n
pochówek pogrzeb
interment

buried /ˈbɛ.ɹid/ adj
pogrzebany
Placed in a grave at a burial

burin /ˈbjʊɚ.ɪn/ /ˈbɝ.ɪn/ n
rylec
chisel

burka n
burka
female garment that covers the whole body

burlak n
burłak
a man employed in dragging ships upstream

burlesque /bə(ɹ)ˈlɛsk/ n
burleska
parody
variety adult entertainment show

burly /ˈbɜːli/ adj
krzepki
well-built

burn /bɜːn/ /bɝn/ n
oparzenie poparzenie
physical injury
palenie spalenie
act of burning something

burn /bɜːn/ /bɝn/ v
marnować stracić tracić zmarnować
to waste
oparzyć palić
to injure with heat or chemicals
palić spalić
to cause to be consumed by fire
pojazd wjazd
slang: to insult or defeat
przypalić się spalić się
to become overheated
płonąć palić
to feel hot due to embarrassment
płonąć palić się palić
to be consumed by fire
spalić
to betray
spalić palić
to overheat so as to make unusable
wypalać nagrywać wypalić
computing: to write data

burn down v
spalać spalić
cause a structure to burn to nothing
completely burn so that nothing remains

burn one's bridges v
palić za sobą mosty
burn one's bridges

burn phone n
jednorazowy telefon telefon na kartę
mobile phone used for only a short time and then thrown away so that the owner cannot be traced

burn the candle at both ends v
pracować od świtu do nocy
work hard night and day

burn up v
popalić
destroy by burning
popalić się
catch fire and burn until destroyed

burner /ˈbɜːnə/ /ˈbɝnɚ/ n
nagrywarka
computing: device that allows data or music to be stored on a CD
palnik
element on a kitchen stove

burnet /ˈbɚnət/ /ˈbɚnɪt/ /ˈbɜːnət/ /ˈbɜːnɪt/ n
krwiściąg
herb

burning bush n
krzew gorejący
biblical object

burnish /ˈbɜːnɪʃ/ /ˈbɝnɪʃ/ v
polerować wypolerować
to make (something, such as a surface) bright, shiny, and smooth by, or (by extension) as if by, rubbing

burnisher n
froterka
implement

burnoose /bɜːˈnuːs/ /bɝˈnus/ n
burnus
a thick hooded cloak

burnout /ˈbɜː(ɹ)naʊt/ n
wypalenie
experience of long-term exhaustion

burnt offering /-ˈɑfəɹɪŋ/ /bɜːnt ˈɒfəɹɪŋ/ /bɝnt ˈɔfəɹɪŋ/ n
całopalenie holocaust holokaust ofiara całopalna
slaughtered animal offered and burnt on an altar as an atonement for sin

burp /bɜːp/ /bɝp/ n
beknięcie
a softer belch

burp /bɜːp/ /bɝp/ v
bekać beknąć
to emit a burp

burqini n
burkini
head-to-toe swimsuit

burr /bɝ/ n
grasejowanie reranie
pronunciation of "r"

burr /bɝ/ v
grasejować rerać
to pronounce "r"

burrata /bəˈɹɑtə/ /bʊˈɹɑːtə/ n
burrata
cheese similar to creamy mozzarella

burrito /bəˈɹi.toʊ/ /bəˈɹiː.təʊ/ /bʊˈriːtəʊ/ n
burito burrito
Mexican dish

burrow /ˈbɜɹoʊ/ /ˈbʌɹoʊ/ /ˈbʌɹəʊ/ n
nora jama tunel
a tunnel or hole

burrow /ˈbɜɹoʊ/ /ˈbʌɹoʊ/ /ˈbʌɹəʊ/ v
kopać
to dig a hole

bursa /ˈbɜːsə/ /ˈbɝsə/ n
kaletka kaletka maziowa
sac where muscle slides across bone

burst /bɜːst/ /bɝst/ v
pękać pęknąć rozsadzać
to break from internal pressure

burst at the seams v
pękać w szwach

burst into tears v
rozpłakać się
suddenly start crying

burst out laughing v
pękać ze śmiechu
suddenly start laughing intensely

bury /ˈbeəɹiː/ /ˈbeɹiː/ /ˈbɛɹ.i/ /ˈbɜː.ɹi/ /ˈbɝ.i/ /ˈbʊ.ɹi/ /ˈbʌ.ɹi/ v
chować grzebać pochować pogrzebać
to inter a corpse in a grave or tomb
zakopywać zakopać
to hide or conceal as if by covering with earth
to place in the ground

bury one's head in the sand v
chować głowę w piasek
to deliberately ignore the reality of a situation

bury the hatchet v
zakopać topór wojenny
to stop fighting or arguing

bus /bɐs/ /bɔs/ /bʊs/ /bʌs/ n
autobus autokar
vehicle
magistrala szyna
electrical conductor

bus lane n
buspas
lane for bus

bus station n
dworzec autobusowy
major bus stop, one that serves as a transfer point between a large number of routes

bus stop n
przystanek autobusowy przystanek
a stop for public transport buses

busbar n
szyna prądowa szynoprzewód
electrical conductor

bush /bʊʃ/ n
krzew krzak
category of woody plant

bush dog n
pakożer leśny pies leśny
a wild canine animal

bush hammer n
groszkownik
a square-headed hammer with spikes

bushbird n
łódkodziób
member of Clytoctantes or Neoctantes

bushido /buˈʃi.doʊ/ n
bushido
ethical code of the samurai

business /ˈbɪd.nəs/ /ˈbɪd.nəz/ /ˈbɪz.nəs/ /ˈbɪz.nəz/ /ˈbɪz.nɪs/ /ˈbɪz.nɪz/ n
biznes
business class
commercial, industrial or professional activity
interes firma przedsiębiorstwo biznes
commercial enterprise or establishment
sprawa
particular situation or activity
sprawa interes
something involving one personally
zajęcie zawód
occupation, work or trade of a person

business analyst n
analityk biznesowy
person who analyzes the operations

business before pleasure proverb
służba nie drużba
discharging one's obligations should come before one's own gratification

business card n
wizytówka karta wizytowa bilet wizytowy
small card

business class n
klasa biznes
class of travelling

business continuity planning n
planowanie ciągłości działania

business intelligence n
analityka biznesowa
information that pertains to a business organization

business model n
model biznesowy
way in which a business ensures it generates income

business park n
park biznesu
area of consisting solely of commercial buildings and enterprises

business plan n
biznesplan
summary

business trip n
delegacja
business trip

businesslike adj
biznesowy
methodical and efficient in a way advantageous to business

businessman /ˈbɪznəsmæn/ /ˈbɪznəsmən/ /ˈbɪznɪsmən/ n
przedsiębiorca biznesmen człowiek interesów
a man in business, one who works at a commercial institution

businesswoman n
biznesmenka bizneswoman bizneswomen businesswoman
woman of business

buskin /ˈbʌskɪn/ n
koturn

bust /ˈbʌst/ n
fiasko klapa
failed enterprise
nalot
act of arresting someone for a crime, or raiding a suspected criminal operation
biust popiersie
breasts and upper thorax of a woman
popiersie biust
sculptural portrayal of a person's head and shoulders

bustard /ˈbʌs.təd/ n
drop
any of several birds of the family Otididae

busted /ˈbʌstəd/ adj
przyłapany
caught in the act
spłukany
having no money

bustle /ˈbʌsəl/ n
bieganina
excited activity

busty /ˈbʌsti/ adj
biuściasty cycaty piersiasty
having large breasts

busy /ˈbɪzi/ adj
skomplikowany
complicated
zajęty
doing a great deal
engaged

busy as a bee /ˈbɪziæzəˈbiː/ adj
pracowity jak mrówka
working constantly

but /bət/ /bʊt/ /bʌt/ [bɐt] conjunction
ale
rather
ale chociaż
although
oprócz z wyjątkiem
except

butane /ˈbjuːteɪn/ n
butan
the organic compound

butch /bʊt͡ʃ/ adj
twardziel
of a man

butch /bʊt͡ʃ/ n
baba-chłop babochłop chłopczyca chłopobaba herod-baba kobieton
masculine lesbian

butcher /ˈbʊt͡ʃ.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈbʊt͡ʃ.ɚ/ n
rzeźnik kat
brutal or indiscriminate killer
rzeźnik rzeźniczka masarka masarz
person who prepares and sells meat

butcher /ˈbʊt͡ʃ.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈbʊt͡ʃ.ɚ/ v
masakrować
kill brutally
rujnować
ruin something

butcher's /ˈbʊtʃə(ɹ)z/ n
masarnia sklep mięsny
butcher’s shop

butcher's broom n
iglica myszopłoch ruszczyk
Any plant of the genus Ruscus

butene n
buten
any of several forms of butylene

butler /ˈbʌt.lə(ɹ)/ /ˈbʌt.lɚ/ n
kamerdyner
chief male servant

butt /bʌt/ n
dupa tyłek zadek
buttocks
kolba
larger or thicker end of anything; blunt end
niedopałek pet
remnant of a smoked cigarette or cigar
skóra
slang: body; self

butt plug /ˈbʌtplʌɡ/ n
korek analny zatyczka analna
a sex toy for the anus and rectum

butt-fucking adj
jebanie w dupę pierdolenie w dupę ruchanie w dupę rżnięcie w dupę
Engaging in anal sex
anal sex

butt-ugly adj
brzydki jak noc
extremely ugly

butter /ˈbatə/ /ˈbʊtə/ /ˈbʌtə/ /ˈbʌtəɹ/ /ˈbʌtɚ/ [ˈbaɾa] [ˈbɐtʰə] [ˈbʌɾɚ] [ˈbʌʔɚ] n
masło
soft foodstuff made from milk
other foodstuffs like butter

butter /ˈbatə/ /ˈbʊtə/ /ˈbʌtə/ /ˈbʌtəɹ/ /ˈbʌtɚ/ [ˈbaɾa] [ˈbɐtʰə] [ˈbʌɾɚ] [ˈbʌʔɚ] v
smarować masłem
to spread butter on

butter dish n
maselniczka
specialised dish in which butter is served

butter knife n
nóż do masła
dull-edged knife for spreading butter

butter pear n
bera
a juicy, delicate-textured French variety of pear

butter up v
podbijać bębenka podbić bębenka słodzić
to flatter

butterbur n
lepiężnik
herb

buttercup /ˈbʌt.ə.kʌp/ /ˈbʌt.ɚ.kʌp/ n
jaskier
herb of the genus Ranunculus

butterface /ˈbʌtəˌfeɪs/ /ˈbʌɾɚˌfeɪs/ n
krzywy ryj
attractive person with unattractive face

butterfly /ˈbʌtə(ɹ)flaɪ/ [ˈbʌtəflaɪ] [ˈbʌɾɚflaɪ] n
motyl
insect

butterfly effect n
efekt motyla
technical notion of sensitive dependence on initial conditions in chaos theory

butterfly knife n
nóż motylkowy
folding pocket knife

butterfly stroke n
delfin motyl motylek styl motylkowy delfinek
swimming stroke

buttermilk /ˈbʌtəˌmɪlk/ /ˈbʌtɚˌmɪlk/ n
maślanka
traditional buttermilk

butternut n
orzech szary
tree

butternut squash n
dynia piżmowa
Cucurbita moschata cultivar

butterscotch /ˈbʌtəˌskɒtʃ/ /ˈbʌtɚˌskɑt͡ʃ/ n
karmelek
hard candy

butterwort n
tłustosz
plant of the genus Pinguicula

buttery /ˈbʌtəɹi/ adj
maślany
made with or tasting of butter

butthurt /ˈbʌtˌhɜːt/ /ˈbʌtˌhɝt/ n
ból dupy
(slang) upset caused by a perceived insult or injustice

buttock /ˈbʌtək/ [ˈbɐtək] [ˈbəɾək] n
pośladek
each of the two large fleshy halves of the posterior part of the body

button /ˈbʌ.tən/ /ˈbʌt.n̩/ /ˈbʌʔ.n̩/ [ˈbʌʔ.tən] [ˈbʌʔ.tⁿn̩] n
guzik
knob or small disc serving as a fastener
botany: a bud
guzik przycisk
a mechanical device meant to be pressed with a finger
przycisk guzik
in computer software, an on-screen control that can be selected

button /ˈbʌ.tən/ /ˈbʌt.n̩/ /ˈbʌʔ.n̩/ [ˈbʌʔ.tən] [ˈbʌʔ.tⁿn̩] v
zapinać
to fasten with a button

buttonhole n
butonierka
flower worn in the buttonhole for decoration
dziurka od guzika
hole for a button

buttonhook n
haczyk
A hook used to pull thread through a button's holes

buttress /ˈbʌtɹəs/ /ˈbʌtɹɪs/ n
podpora
anything that serves to support something
przypora
brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it

butyrate n
maślan
any salt or ester of butyric acid

butyric acid n
kwas masłowy
normal butyric acid

buy /baɪ/ v
kupować kupić nabywać nabyć
to obtain something with money

buy back v
odkupić odkupywać
repurchase

buy cheap, buy twice proverb
chytry dwa razy traci
buying a cheap product is a false economy

buy time v
grać na zwłokę
purposefully cause a delay, in order to achieve something else

buyback n
wykup
repurchase of something previously sold

buyer /ˈbaɪ.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈbaɪ.ɚ/ n
kupiec kupcowa kupująca kupujący nabywca nabywczyni
person who makes purchases

buyer's market n
rynek nabywcy
excess of supply over demand

buzz /bʌz/ n
bzyczenie gwar wrzawa
continuous humming noise
faza
rush of feeling of energy or excitement

buzz /bʌz/ v
bzykać bzyczeć bzyknąć bąkać bąknąć
to make a low, continuous, humming or sibilant sound

buzzard /ˈbʌzəɹd/ n
myszołów
bird of the genus Buteo
piernik zgred
slang or derogatory term for a person

buzzer /ˈbʌzə/ /ˈbʌzɚ/ n
brzęczyk
device

buzzword /ˈbʌzwɜː(ɹ)d/ n
buzzword
word drawn from or imitative of technical jargon

by /baɪ/ preposition
do
not later than
na
with the authority of
used to separate dimensions
o
indicating amount of change, difference or discrepancy
po za
indicates steady progression
przez
indicates the agent of a passive verb
indicates creator of a work
przy obok
near, or next to
według
indicating means of classification or organisation

by a hair's breadth
o włos
by a narrow margin

by all accounts
podobno ponoć rzekomo
According to everything that people have said

by all means
jak najbardziej zdecydowanie ze wszech miar
emphatically yes, definitely

by and large adv
ogólnie rzecz biorąc w większości
mostly, generally; with few exceptions

by chance
przypadkowo przypadkiem
unexpected(ly); accidental(ly)

by day
za dnia
during the day

by definition
z definicji z założenia

by far
zdecydowanie
to a large extent

by hand
ręcznie

by heart /baɪ ˈhɑɹt/ /baɪ ˈhɑːt/
na pamięć
knowing completely

by means of preposition
przy pomocy przy użyciu za pomocą
By using

by night
nocą po nocach po nocy
during the night

by no means
bynajmniej
certainly not

by now
do tej pory już teraz

by oneself
sam
without company
sam sam z siebie samo-
without help

by return of post
pocztą zwrotną

by right /baɪ ˈɹaɪt/
zgodnie z prawem
according to what is right, or what one is legally or morally entitled to

by the Grace of God
z Bożej łaski
By divine right

by the book
zgodnie z przepisami
in a manner which adheres strictly to rules

by the time conjunction
do czasu
when

by the way
nawiasem mówiąc à propos przy okazji na marginesie swoją drogą tak w ogóle
incidentally

by virtue of /-tjuː-/ /baɪ ˈvɜːtʃuː ɒv/ /baɪ ˈvɝtʃu ʌv/ preposition
z racji
because of

by way of phraseologicalUnit
drogą
by the route of, through, via
w ramach
for the purpose of, as a means or instance of

by what right adv
jakim prawem

by-election n
wybory uzupełniające
election to fill a vacant political office

bye-bye /baɪˈbaɪ/ /bəˈbaɪ/ /ˈbaɪbaɪ/ n
pa pa
goodbye

byform n
poboczna forma
tangential or subordinate form

bylaw /ˈbaɪ.lɑ/ /ˈbaɪ.lɔ/ /ˈbaɪ.lɔː/ n
prawo miejscowe
local custom or law
rozporządzenie władz lokalnych
rule made by a local authority
statut
law or rule governing the internal affairs of an organization

bylina /bəˈliːnə/ n
bylina
traditional East Slavic oral epic narrative poem

bypass /ˈbaɪpæs/ /ˈbaɪpɑːs/ n
bajpas
alternative passage for a bodily fluid
obwodnica
road

byproduct n
produkt uboczny
secondary or additional product

byssaceous adj
bisiorowy

byssine /bɪˈsiːn/ adj
bisiorowy

byssus /ˈbɪsəs/ n
bisior
filaments of molluscs
historic fiber

bystander /ˈbaɪˌstænd.ə(ɹ)/ n
naoczny świadek
a person who, although present at some event, does not take part in it; an observer or spectator

byte /baɪt/ n
bajt
8-bit unit

bzz interjection
bzyk bzz
buzzing sound

béchamel sauce n
beszamel biały sos
white sauce made with butter, flour and milk

bête noire /beɪtˈnwɑː/ /bɛt ˈnwɑɹ/ n
czarny lud
an anathema

ca. preposition
ca ok.
abbreviation of circa

cab /kæb/ n
kabina maszynisty
compartment

cabana /kəˈbænə/ /kəˈbɑːnə/ n
cabana kabina plażowa
a cabin or hut, shelter on a beach

cabanossi n
kabanos

cabaret /kæbəˈreɪ/ n
kabaret
live entertainment held in a restaurant or nightclub

cabbage /ˈkæbɪd͡ʒ/ n
kapusta
plant
leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
sałata
money
warzywo
person with severely reduced mental capacities due to brain damage

cabbage roll n
gołąbek gołąbki
A dish consisting of cooked cabbage leaves wrapped around a variety of fillings

cabbage white n
bielinek kapustnik kapustnik
butterfly of family Pieridae

cabin /ˈkæbɪn/ n
chata
small dwelling, especially one made of logs
kabina
passenger area of an airplane
private office of a professional
section of passenger plane having same class of service
kabina kajuta
private room on a ship

cabin boy n
chłopiec okrętowy
a boy serving on a ship

cabinet /ˈkæb.nət/ /ˈkæb.nɪt/ /ˈkæb.ə.nət/ /ˈkæb.ɪ.nɪt/ n
gabinet rada ministrów rząd
group of ministers
kabinet
storage closet

cabinetmaker n
stolarz
skilled woodworker

cable /ˈkeɪ.bəl/ n
depesza telegram
telegram
kabel przewód
assembly of wires for electricity
large wire, rope
lina
heavy rope or chain as used for mooring

cable /ˈkeɪ.bəl/ v
kablować
send a telegram by cable(s)
okablować okablowywać
provide with cable(s)

cable car n
kolejka linowa kolej linowa
hanging carriage

cable internet n
internet kablowy
internet connectivity received through coaxial cables

cable modem n
modem kablowy
A modem that connects a personal computer to a fibre optic cable

cable television n
kablówka telewizja kablowa
television received through coaxial cables

cable theory n
teoria kabli

cable tie n
opaska zaciskowa
a type of fastener

cable-stayed bridge n
most wantowy
bridge supported by cables attached directly to pillars

cacao /kəˈkaʊ̯/ /kəˈkeɪ̯oʊ̯/ /kəˈkeɪ̯əʊ̯/ /kəˈkɑːəʊ̯/ [kəˈkʰaʊ̯] [kəˈkʰeɪ̯oʊ̯] [kəˈkʰeɪ̯əʊ̯] [kəˈkʰɑːəʊ̯] n
kakao
cocoa bean
kakaowiec
cacao tree

cache /keɪʃ/ /kæɪʃ/ /kæʃ/ /kæˈʃeɪ/ /ˈkæʃ.eɪ/ n
pamięć podręczna bufor cache
computing: fast temporary storage for data
schowek
store

cachexia /kəˈkɛksiə/ /kəˈkɛksɪə/ n
charłactwo kacheksja wyniszczenie
systemic wasting of muscle tissue that accompanies a chronic disease

caciocavallo n
kaszkawał

cacique n
kacyk
bird of the family Icteridae
tribal chief in the Spanish West Indies

cackle /ˈkækəl/ n
gdakanie
cry of a hen or goose, especially when laying an egg

cackle /ˈkækəl/ v
gdakać
to make a sharp, broken noise or cry, as a hen or goose does

cackling goose n
bernikla północna
Branta hutchinsii

cacoethes /ˌkakəʊˈiːθiːz/ n
fiksacja
compulsion, mania

cacography /kaˈkɒɡɹəfi/ n
kakografia

cacophony /kəˈkɑfəni/ /kəˈkɒfəni/ n
kakofonia
mix of discordant sounds; dissonance

cactus /ˈkæktəs/ /ˈkæktʌs/ n
kaktus
member of the Cactaceae

cad /kæd/ n
konduktor
person who stands at door
łajdak
mean fellow

cadaver /kəˈdeɪ.və(ɹ)/ /kəˈdæv.ə(ɹ)/ /kəˈdævɚ/ /kəˈdɑːv.ə(ɹ)/ n
zwłoki
a dead body

cadaverine /kəˈdævəɹɪn/ n
kadaweryna
foul-smelling diamine

caddie /ˈkædi/ /ˈkɑdi/ [-ɾi] n
caddie caddy
person hired to assist a golfer by carrying their golf clubs and providing advice

caddis fly n
chruścik
insect of the order Trichoptera

cadence /ˈkeɪ.dn̩s/ n
kadencja
(music) chord progression concluding a section or piece

cadet /kəˈdɛt/ n
kadet
a student at a military school who is training to be an officer

cadge /kæd͡ʒ/ v
wycyganiać wycyganić wykusić wyłudzać wyłudzić
slang: to obtain something by wit or guile

cadmium /ˈkædmiəm/ n
kadm
chemical element

cadre /ˈkæd.ɹeɪ/ /ˈkæd.ɹi/ /ˈkɑ.dɚ/ /ˈkɑ.dɹeɪ/ /ˈkɑ.dɹi/ /ˈkɑ.dɹə/ /ˈkɑː.də/ /ˈkɑː.dɹə/ n
kadra
military: skeleton upon which regiment is formed; its officers

caduceus /kəˈdjuː.si.əs/ /kəˈdu.si.əs/ n
kaduceusz kerykejon
symbol

caesaropapism /ˌsiːzəɹoʊˈpeɪpɪz(ə)m/ /ˌsiːzəɹəʊˈpeɪpɪzm̩/ n
cezaropapizm
combination of state (originally imperial) power with religious authority; state authority over ecclesiastical matters

caesium /ˈsiːzi.əm/ n
cez
a metallic chemical element

caesura /sɪˈzjʊəɹə/ /sɪˈʒʊɹə/ n
cezura
using two words to divide a metrical foot
cezura średniówka
a pause or interruption

caesuraless adj
bezśredniówkowy

cafeteria /ˌkafəˈtɪəɹi.ə/ /ˌkæfəˈtɪ(ə)ɹi.ə/ n
kafeteria stołówka
restaurant
stołówka
dining area

caffeine /kæˈfiːn/ /ˈkæfiːn/ n
kofeina
alkaloid found naturally in tea and coffee plants

caffeine-free adj
bezkofeinowy
containing no caffeine

café /ˈkæfeɪ/ /ˌkæˈfeɪ/ n
kawiarnia
coffee shop

café au lait /kæˌfeɪ əʊ ˈleɪ/ /ˌkæfeɪ əʊ ˈleɪ/ n
café au lait biała kawa
coffee with milk

cage /keɪd͡ʒ/ n
klatka
enclosure

cagoule /kəˈɡuːl/ n
kangurka
A lightweight waterproof parka

caiman /ˈkeɪ.mən/ n
kajman
alligator relative

cajole /kəˈdʒəʊl/ /kəˈd͡ʒoʊl/ v
naciągać naciągnąć
to encourage or persuade by effort

cake /keɪk/ [ˈk̟ʰeɪ̯k̚] n
ciasto tort ciastko ciasteczko
type of sweet dessert

cake shop /ˈkeɪk ʃɑp/ /ˈkeɪk ʃɒp/ n
ciastkarnia cukiernia
shop where cakes can be bought; patisserie

cake tin n
tortownica
the tin in which a cake is baked

cakewalk /ˈkeɪk.wɔk/ n
betka
something easy

calabash /ˈkaləbaʃ/ /ˈkæləˌbæʃ/ n
tykwa
Lagenaria siceraria
fruit of the Lagenaria siceraria

calabur tree n
rozcięg
Muntingia calabura

calamari /kæləˈmɑːɹi/ n
kalmar kałamarnica
as food

calamint n
kalaminta
herb

calamity /kəˈlæmɪti/ n
nieszczęście katastrofa
event resulting in great loss

calamondin /ˌkæləˈmɒndɪn/ n
kalamondyna
fruit

calandra lark n
calhandra-real kalandra szara
Melanocorypha calandra

calcareous /kælˈkɛəɹiəs/ adj
wapienny
resembling or containing limestone

calcicole n
acydofob kalcyfit

calcine /-sɪn/ /kælˈsaɪn/ /ˈkælsaɪn/ /ˈkælˌsaɪn/ v
prażyć uprażyć
to heat (a substance) without melting in order to drive off water, etc., and to oxidize or reduce it

calcite /ˈkælˌsaɪt/ n
kalcyt
calcium carbonate mineral

calcium /ˈkæl.ʃəm/ /ˈkælsi.əm/ n
wapń
chemical element of atomic number 20

calcium carbonate n
węglan wapnia
CaCO₃

calcium chloride n
chlorek wapnia
calcium salt of hydrochloric acid

calculate /ˈkælkjəleɪt/ /ˈkælkjʊleɪt/ v
kalkulować policzyć wyliczać rachować obliczać
(transitive) to determine the value or solution of sth.

calculation /kælkjuˈleɪʃən/ /kælkjəˈleɪʃən/ n
kalkulacja
expectation based on circumstances
kalkulacja obliczenie obrachunek
act or process of calculating

calculator /kæl.kjə.leɪ.tɚ/ /ˈkæl.kjə.leɪ.tə(ɹ)/ [ˈkʰæɫ.kjəˌleɪ̯.ɾɚ] n
kalkulator
electronic device that performs mathematical calculations
mechanical device that performs mathematical calculations

calculus /ˈkæl.kjə.ləs/ /ˈkæl.kjʊ.ləs/ n
rachunek
formal mathematical system
rachunek różniczkowy i całkowy
differential calculus and integral calculus considered as a single subject

calculus of variations n
rachunek wariacyjny
a form of calculus

caldera /kælˈdɛə.ɹə/ /kælˈdɛɹ.ə/ /ˈkɔːl.də.ɹə/ n
kaldera
geology: a large crater formed by a volcanic explosion

calendar /ˈkæl.ən.də/ /ˈkæl.ən.dɚ/ [ˈkʰæl.(ə)n.dɚ] n
kalendarz
means to determine the date
system by which time is divided
list of planned events

calender /ˈkæləndə/ /ˈkæləndɚ/ n
gładziarka kalander
machine

calender /ˈkæləndə/ /ˈkæləndɚ/ v
kalendrować
to press between rollers

calends /ˈkæləndz/ /ˈkælɪndz/ n
kalendy
first day of a month of the Roman calendar

calendula n
nagietek
plant of Calendula

calf /kaf/ /keɪf/ /kæf/ /kɐːf/ /kɑːf/ n
cielę cielak
young cow or bull
łydka
anatomy: back of the leg below the knee
muscle in the back of the leg below the knee

calf bone n
kość strzałkowa
smaller lower-leg bone

caliber /ˈkæl.ə.bə(ɹ)/ /ˈkæl.ə.bɚ/ /ˈkæl.ɪ.bə(ɹ)/ /ˈkæl.ɪ.bɚ/ n
kaliber
diameter of the bore of a firearm

calibrate /ˈkæl.ə.bɹeɪt/ /ˈkæl.ə.bɹæɪt/ /ˈkæl.ɪ.bɹeɪt/ v
kalibrować
to check or adjust by comparison with a standard

californium /ˌkælɪˈfɔɹniəm/ /ˌkælɪˈfɔːniəm/ n
kaliforn
chemical element

caliper /ˈkælɪpɚ/ n
szczęka
part of a disc brake

calipers /ˈkæl.ɪ.pəz/ /ˈkæl.ɪ.pɚz/ n
suwmiarka
measuring device

caliph /ˈkeɪlɪf/ /ˈkælɪf/ n
kalif
political leader of the Muslim world

caliphate /ˈkælɪfeɪt/ n
kalifat
Islamic government

calisthenics /ˌkæl.ɪsˈθɛn.ɪks/ n
kalistenika
in the plural: gymnastic exercises under the participation of a (surface-wise) multitude of muscles and often minimal equipment (thus, usually bodyweight exercises) with a stress on stamina

calk n
gryf
a pointed projection on a horseshoe to prevent it slipping

calkin n
hacel ocel
calk on a horseshoe

call /koːl/ /kɑl/ /kɔl/ /kɔːl/ [kʰoɫ] [kʰɑɫ] [kʰɔɫ] n
krzyk wołanie okrzyk
cry or shout
rozmowa telefoniczna
telephone conversation
wezwanie zew
beckoning or summoning
wizyta
social visit
wywołanie
computing: act of jumping to a subprogram

call /koːl/ /kɑl/ /kɔl/ /kɔːl/ [kʰoɫ] [kʰɑɫ] [kʰɔɫ] v
dzwonić zadzwonić telefonować zatelefonować
to contact by telephone
nazywać
to name or refer to
wołać wzywać wezwać zawołać
to request, summon, or beckon
wołać zawołać
to cry or shout

call a spade a spade v
nazywać rzeczy po imieniu
to speak the truth

call an ambulance phraseologicalUnit
proszę wezwać karetkę zadzwoń po ambulans zadzwoń po karetkę
request to call an ambulance

call back v
oddzwaniać oddzwonić
telephone someone again

call center n
biuro obsługi klienta call center
business location for calls

call into question v
podawać w wątpliwość podać w wątpliwość
to cause to be questioned

call names v
przezwać przezywać
to insult somebody childishly

call off v
odwołać
to cancel

call on the carpet v
brać na dywanik
reprimand

call option n
opcja kupna
finance: option to buy

call the fire department phraseologicalUnit
proszę po straż pożarną zadzwoń po straż pożarną

call the police phraseologicalUnit
proszę wezwać policję zadzwoń po policję
call the police

call to prayer n
wezwanie do modlitwy
A public proclamation made five times a day in Muslim societies

calla n
czermień błotna
Calla palustris

caller /ˈkɑlɚ/ /ˈkɔlɚ/ /ˈkɔːlə/ n
dzwoniący
the person who makes a telephone call

calligrapher /kəˈlɪɡɹəfɚ/ n
kaligraf
one who practices calligraphy

calligraphic /ˌkælɪˈɡɹæfɪk/ adj
kaligraficzny
of calligraphy

calligraphy /kəˈlɪɡɹəfi/ n
kaligrafia
art of writing beautifully

calliope /kəˈlaɪə.pi/ /ˈkælioʊp/ n
Kaliope
musical organ

callipygian /ˌkæ.ləˈpɪ.d͡ʒi.ən/ /ˌkæliˈpɪdʒjən/ /ˌkæləˈpɪdʒi.ən/ /ˌkæləˈpɪdʒjən/ /ˌkælɪˈpɪdʒi.ən/ adj
o kształtnych pośladkach
having beautiful buttocks

callous /ˈkæləs/ adj
bezduszny nieczuły
emotionally hardened
zgrubiały zrogowaciały
having calluses

callously adv
bezdusznie bezwzględnie

callousness n
bezduszność znieczulica
quality of being callous; emotional hardheartedness or indifference

callow /ˈkaləʊ/ /ˈkæloʊ/ adj
niedojrzały niedoświadczony
immature, lacking in life experience
nieopierzony
unfledged

calm /kam/ /kaɹm/ /kæm/ /kɐːm/ /kɑlm/ /kɑm/ /kɑːm/ /kɔlm/ adj
spokojny
(of water) with few or no waves on the surface
spokojny cichy
free of noise and disturbance
spokojny opanowany
free from anger and anxiety

calm /kam/ /kaɹm/ /kæm/ /kɐːm/ /kɑlm/ /kɑm/ /kɑːm/ /kɔlm/ n
spokój
the state with absence of noise and disturbance
condition of being unworried and free from anger

calm /kam/ /kaɹm/ /kæm/ /kɐːm/ /kɑlm/ /kɑm/ /kɑːm/ /kɔlm/ v
uspokajać się uspokoić się
to become calm
uspokajać uspokoić
to make calm

calm before the storm n
cisza przed burzą
peace before a disturbance or crisis

calm down v
uspokajać się uspokoić się
To become less excited
uspokajać uspokoić
To cause to become less excited

calmly /ˈkɑː(ɹ)m.li/ adv
spokojnie
in a calm manner

calmness /ˈkɑ(l)mnəs/ /ˈkɑːmnəs/ n
spokój
the state of being calm; tranquillity; silence

calorie /ˈkæləɹi/ n
kaloria
amount of heat to raise 1 gram of water by 1 °C

calorie bomb n
bomba kaloryczna

calpack n
kołpak
hat

calque /kælk/ n
kalka
word formed by word-for-word translation of a word in another language

calumet /ˈkæljʊmɛt/ n
kalumet
pipe of peace

calumniate /kəˈlʌmni.eɪt/ v
oczerniać rzucać kalumnie
to make hurtful untrue statements

calumniator n
oszczerca
a person who calumniates

calumny /kəˈlʌmni/ /ˈkæləmni/ n
kalumnia oszczerstwo
falsifications or misrepresentations intended to disparage or discredit another

calve /kæv/ /kɑːv/ v
cielić ocielić
to give birth to a calf

calx /kælks/ n
popiół
substance which remains after a metal or mineral has been thoroughly burnt

calyciform adj
kielichowy

calyptra n
czepek
thin, hood-like tissue

calyx /ˈkeɪ.lɪks/ /ˈkæ.lɪks/ n
kielich
the sepals of a flower

camaraderie /ˌkæm(ə)ˈɹɑdəɹi/ /ˌkæməˈɹædəɹi/ /ˌkæməˈɹɑːdəɹi/ /ˌkɑm(ə)ˈɹɑdəɹi/ n
koleżeństwo towarzystwo
close friendship in a group of friends

camber /ˈkæm.bə/ /ˈkæm.bɚ/ n
wygięcie
slope of a curved road
wypukłość
slight convexity of a surface

camber angle n
kąt pochylenia koła

cambium /ˈkambɪəm/ /ˈkeə̯m.biˌəm/ /ˈkæm.biˌəm/ n
kambium
botanical cell layer

camel /ˈkæməl/ n
wielbłąd
beast of burden

camel driver n
wielbłądnik
one who is in charge of camels

camel through the eye of a needle phraseologicalUnit
łatwiej jest wielbłądowi przejść przez ucho igielne
impossible

camellia /kəˈmiːlɪ.ə/ /kəˈmɛlɪ.ə/ n
kamelia
plant

camembert /ˈkæmɒmˌbeə(ɹ)/ /ˈkæməmˌbeː/ n
camembert kamamber
creamy cheese from France

cameo /ˈkæm.i.oʊ/ /ˈkæm.iː.əʊ/ n
kamea
relief work

camera /ˈkæməɹə/ /ˈkæmɹə/ n
aparat fotograficzny kamera
still camera
kamera kamera wideo
movie camera

camera obscura /ˌkæm.ə.ɹə əbˈskjʊə.ɹə/ /ˌkæm.ɚ.ə əbˈskjʊɚ.ə/ /ˌkæm.ɹə əbˈskjʊə.ɹə/ /ˌkæm.ɹə əbˈskjʊɚ.ə/ n
camera obscura
darkened chamber in which the image of an outside object is projected and focused onto a surface

camera trap n
fotopułapka

cameraman n
kamerzysta
somebody who operates a film or TV camera

camlet /ˈkæm.lɪt/ n
kamlot
a fine fabric made from wool and silk

camomile /ˈkæ.məˌmaɪl/ /ˈkæ.məˌmil/ n
rumian rzymski
Chamaemelum nobile
rumianek rumianek pospolity
Matricaria recutita

camouflage /ˈkæ.məˌflɑːʒ/ n
barwa ochronna kamuflaż kolor ochronny
disguise
kamuflaż barwa ochronna kolor ochronny
military
maskowanie barwa ochronna kolor ochronny
act of disguising

camouflage /ˈkæ.məˌflɑːʒ/ v
maskować
hide, disguise

camp /kæmp/ [kʰeəmp] [kʰɛəmp] n
obóz
outdoor place
base
group
organized event

camp /kæmp/ [kʰeəmp] [kʰɛəmp] v
biwakować koczować obozować
to live in a tent

camp bed n
polówka łóżko polowe
a cot

camp follower n
markietanka
someone who follows an army for living

camp stove n
kuchenka biwakowa piecyk biwakowy
portable stove used while camping

campaign /kæmˈpeɪn/ /kəmˈpeɪn/ n
kampania pochód
series of operations undertaken to achieve a set goal

campanology n
kampanologia
study of bells

camper /ˈkæmpɚ/ n
camper
video games: person who stays in one spot
obozowicz obozowiczka
person who camps

campfire /ˈkæmpˌfaɪ̯ɚ/ [ˈkʰɛə̯mpˌfaɪ̯ɚ] n
ognisko
fire at a campground

campground n
kemping
area for tents

camphor /ˈkæmfə/ /ˈkæmfɚ/ n
kamfora
white transparent waxy crystalline isoprenoid ketone

camping /ˈkæmp.ɪŋ/ n
kemping
recreational activity

campsite n
kemping obozowisko pole namiotowe
a place where a tent may be or is pitched

campus /ˈkæmpəs/ /ˈkæmpʊs/ n
kampus
grounds or property of a school, etc.

camrip n
kinówka
pirated video created by illicitly recording a movie with a camcorder

camshaft n
wałek rozrządu
a shaft fitted with cams

can /ˈkæn/ /ˈkæːn/ [ˈkeən] n
bańka kanister
a more or less cylindrical vessel for liquids
dupa pośladki
buttocks
kibel klop sracz ubikacja
konewka polewaczka
a container used to carry and dispense water for plants
puszka
a tin-plate canister

can /kən/ /ˈkæn/ /ˈkɛn/ [kʰn̩] [kʰən] [ˈkʰan] [ˈkʰæn] [ˈkʰɛən ~ ˈkʰeən] [ˈkʰɛːn] [ˈkʰɛˑn] v
móc
may
móc potrafić umieć
to be able

can /ˈkæn/ /ˈkæːn/ [ˈkeən] v
konserwować
to preserve
wylać (z pracy)
to fire or dismiss an employee

can I buy you a drink phraseologicalUnit
czy mogę postawić ci drinka? czy mogę postawić pani drinka? czy mogę postawić panu drinka?
can I buy you a drink?

can I come in /kən ˌaɪ kʌm ˈɪn/ [kən ˌaɪ kʰɐm ˈɪn] [kən ˌaɪ kʰʌm ˈɪn] phraseologicalUnit
mogę wejść?
phrase

can I help you phraseologicalUnit
czy mogę ci pomóc?
offering of assistance

can I use your phone phraseologicalUnit
czy mogę skorzystać z pana telefonu? czy mogę skorzystać z pani telefonu?
can I use your phone?

can opener n
otwieracz do konserw otwieracz do puszek
device used to open tin cans

can you help me phraseologicalUnit
może mi pan pomóc? może mi pani pomóc? możesz mi pomóc?
can you help me?

canal /kəˈnæl/ /kəˈnɛl/ n
kanał
artificial waterway
przewód kanał
a tubular channel within the body

canapé n
kanapa
elegant sofa
kanapka
a bite-sized slice open-faced sandwich

canard /kəˈnɑɹd/ /kəˈnɑːd/ n
kaczka dziennikarska
false or misleading report or story

canary /kəˈnɛəɹi/ n
kanarek
bird from the Canary Islands
kanarkowy
colour

canary grass n
kanar mielec mozga ostrzyca
Phalaris canariensis

canasta /kəˈnæstə/ n
kanasta
card game

cancan n
kankan
dance

cancel /ˈkæn.sl̩/ [ˈkɛən.sl̩ ~ ˈkeən.sl̩] v
anulować odwołać
invalidate, annul
skreślić
cross out
skrócić
remove a common factor
wstrzymać
stop production

cancellation /kænsəˈleɪʃən/ n
anihilacja
act of cancelling

cancer /ˈkænsə/ /ˈkænsɚ/ /ˈkæːnsə/ n
rak nowotwór złośliwy
disease of uncontrolled cellular proliferation

candela /kænˈdiːlə/ /kænˈdɛlə/ /ˈkændɪlə/ n
kandela
unit of luminous intensity

candelabrum /kændɪˈleɪbɹəm/ /kændɪˈlɑːbɹəm/ /ˌkæn.dl̩ˈæ.bɹəm/ /ˌkæn.dl̩ˈɑ.bɹəm/ n
kandelabr
candle holder

candidacy /ˈkændɪdəsi/ n
kandydatura
state or act of being a candidate

candidate /ˈkæn.dɪ.deɪt/ /ˈkæn.dɪ.dɪt/ /ˈkæn.dɪdət/ /ˈkæn.ɪ.deɪt/ /ˈkæn.ɪ.dɪt/ n
kandydat kandydatka
person running in an election

candidature /ˈkændɪdətjʊɚ/ /ˈkændɪdət͡ʃɚ/ /ˈkændɪdət͡ʃʊɚ/ n
kandydatura
the condition of becoming a candidate

candidly /ˈkændɪdli/ adv
szczerze
in a candid manner

candle /ˈkændl̩/ /ˈkændəl/ n
świeca świeczka gromnica
a light source

candle snuffer n
gasidło gaśnik
device made to extinguish a candle

candlelit dinner n
kolacja przy świecach

candlestick /ˈkændl̩ˌstɪk/ /ˈkændəlˌstɪk/ n
świecznik lichtarz
a holder with a socket or spike for a candle

candor /ˈkæn.də(ɹ)/ /ˈkæn.dɚ/ n
bezstronność
impartiality
otwartość szczerość uczciwość
sincere and open in speech, honesty in expression

candy /ˈkændi/ n
cukierek
piece of candy

candy /ˈkændi/ v
kandyzować
to cook, or coat with sugar or syrup

candy bar n
baton
type of candy

candy cane /ˈkændi ˌkeɪn/ n
cukrowa laska
candy in the shape of a cane

candy floss /ˈkændi ˌflɒs/ n
wata cukrowa
sweet

cane /keɪn/ v
chłostać
to beat with a cane

cane brake n
szuwar
a dense thicket of sugar-canes

cane sugar n
cukier trzcinowy
sugar from the sugar cane plant

cane toad n
aga kururu ropucha olbrzymia
Bufo marinus

canine /kəˈnaɪn/ /ˈkeɪnaɪn/ /ˈkeɪˌnaɪn/ /ˈkænaɪn/ adj
psi
pertaining to dogs

canine tooth n
kieł
tooth

caning /ˈkeɪnɪŋ/ n
bastonada
a beating with a cane

canister /ˈkænɪstɚ/ n
bidon
container

canker /ˈkæŋkə/ /ˈkæŋkɚ/ n
żółty guzek
avian disease caused by T. gallinae

cannabis /ˈkænəbɪs/ n
konopie konopie siewne
plant

cannelloni n
canelloni cannelloni
type of pasta

cannibal /ˈkænɪbəl/ n
kanibal antropofag ludojad ludożerca
an organism which eats others of its own species

cannibalism n
kanibalizm antropofagia ludożerstwo
act of eating another of one's own species

cannoli /kaˈnəʊlɪ/ /kəˈnoʊli/ /kəˈnəʊlɪ/ /k̬ɐˈnɔːlɪ̆/ n
cannolo
tube of fried pastry filled with ricotta

cannon /ˈkæn.ən/ n
armata działo
artillery piece
karambol
billiard shot

cannon fodder n
mięso armatnie
military forces considered to be expendable

cannonade /ˈkæn.ənˌeɪd/ n
kanonada
firing of artillery

cannonball /ˈkænənˌbɔːl/ n
kula armatnia
spherical projectile fired from a smoothbore cannon

cannot /kænˈɒt/ /kə(n)ˈnɑt/ /kəˈnɑt/ /ˈkæ(n.)nɑt/ /ˈkænɒt/ /ˈkɛ(n.)nɑt/ v
nie móc
cannot

cannula /ˈkænjʊlə/ n
kaniula
medicine: tube inserted in the body

canny /ˈkæni/ adj
obrotny sprytny
knowing, shrewd, astute

canoe /kəˈnuː/ n
kanu kanadyjka
small long and narrow boat

canoeing /kəˈnuɪŋ/ n
kajakarstwo
sport

canon /ˈkæn.ən/ n
kanon
group of literary works accepted as representative
eucharistic prayer
fandom: the works considered authoritative regarding a fictional universe
generally accepted principle
piece of music
printing: 48-point type
religious law
kanonik
A clergy member serving a cathedral

canon law n
prawo kanoniczne

canonical /kəˈnɑn.ɪ.kəl/ /kəˈnɒn.ɪ.kl̩/ adj
kanoniczny
(religion) in conformity with canon law
in canonical form
present in a canon, religious or otherwise
according to recognised or orthodox rules

canonical conjunctive normal form n
kanoniczna koniunkcyjna postać normalna

canonical disjunctive normal form n
kanoniczna alternatywna postać normalna
disjunctive normal form with the additional property that all of the terms of the sum contain the same literals, so that the terms differ from each other only in their patterns of complementation (of their literals)

canonical form n
postać kanoniczna
standard or normal presentation of a mathematical entity

canonization n
kanonizacja
the final process or decree

canonize /ˈkænənaɪz/ /ˈkænəˌnaɪz/ v
kanonizować
to declare as a saint

canopy /ˈkæ.nə.pi/ n
baldachim
overhanging or projecting roof structure
wiata
high cover

canopy bed n
łóżko z baldachimem
a bed equipped with a canopy

cantaloupe /ˈkæn.tə.loʊp/ /ˈkæn.tə.luːp/ n
kantalupa
melon

cantankerous /kænˈtæŋkəɹəs/ /kənˈtæŋkəɹəs/ adj
kłótliwy swarliwy
ill-tempered, cranky, surly, crabby

cantata /kənˈtɑːtə/ n
kantata
cantata

canteen /kænˈtin/ /kænˈtiːn/ [kʰɛə̯nˈtin] n
manierka
water bottle
stołówka kafeteria
small cafeteria or snack bar

canter /ˈkæntɚ/ n
galop
gait
ride

canter /ˈkæntɚ/ v
galopować
to gait

canticle /ˈkæntɪkəl/ n
kantyk
a chant, hymn or song, especially a nonmetrical one, with words from a biblical text

canting arms n
herb mówiący
heraldic bearing in the form of a visual pun

canto /ˈkæntoʊ/ /ˈkæntəʊ/ n
pieśń
one of the chief divisions of a long poem

canton /ˈkæntn̩/ /ˈkæntɒn/ n
kanton
heraldry; one of the ordinaries
state of Switzerland

cantor /ˈkæntɔː(ɹ)/ /ˈkæntə(ɹ)/ n
kantor chazan
singer

canvas /ˈkænvæs/ /ˈkænvəs/ n
płótno
piece of canvas cloth on which one may paint
type of coarse cloth

canyon /ˈkænjən/ n
kanion przełom
a valley cut in rock by a river

caoutchouc /ˈkaʊt͡ʃuk/ /ˈkaʊt͡ʃʊk/ n
kauczuk
natural rubber

cap /kæp/ [kʰæp] n
czapka kapelusz nakrycie głowy
head covering
czasza
portion of a sphere
kapelusz
top part of a mushroom
kapiszon
gunpowder charge for a toy gun
kulka
bullet
limit ograniczenie
artificial upper limit
nakrętka
protective cover or seal
spłonka
small amount of explosive used as detonator
występ w reprezentacji
soccer: international appearance

capability /ˌkeɪ.pəˈbɪl.ə.ti/ /ˌkeɪ.pəˈbɪl.ɪ.ti/ /ˌkæɪ.pəˈbɪl.ə.ti/ [ˌkeɪ.pəˈbɪl.ə.ɾi] [ˌkæɪ.pəˈbɪl.ə.ɾi] n
zdolność możliwość
the power or ability to generate an outcome

capable /ˈkeɪpəbəl/ adj
zdolny stać
able and efficient

capacitor n
kondensator
electronic component

capacity /kəˈpæsɪti/ n
pojemność
the ability to hold, receive, or absorb
electrical capacitance
zdolność
capability; the ability to perform some task

caparison n
kropierz
coverings for an animal, often ornamental

cape /keɪp/ n
przylądek cypel
headland
peleryna
garment

capelin n
gromadnik kapelan
small fish

caper /ˈkeɪpə/ /ˈkeɪpɚ/ n
kapar
pickled bud of Capparis spinosa
plant

capercaillie /kæpəˈkeɪli/ /kæpɚˈkeɪli/ n
głuszec
Tetrao urogallus

capillary /kəˈpɪl.ə.ɹi/ /ˈkæpɪˌlɛɹi/ n
kapilara
any of small blood vessels that connect arteries to veins

capisce /kəˈpiʃ/ /kəˈpiːʃ/ interjection
kapisz? kapujesz? rozumiesz?
“understood?”

capital /ˈkæp.ɪ.təl/ [ˈkæp.ɪ.ɾəl] adj
duża duży
uppercase

capital /ˈkæp.ɪ.təl/ [ˈkæp.ɪ.ɾəl] n
głowica kapitel
uppermost part of a column
kapitał
money and wealth

capital city n
stolica
city designated as seat of government

capital flight n
ucieczka kapitału
rapid flow of money or assets out of a country

capital gain n
zysk kapitałowy
an amount by which the value or the proceeds of the sale of a capital asset by its owner exceed its cost to the owner

capital gains tax n
podatek od zysków kapitałowych podatek od dochodów kapitałowych
tax on profit made from selling capital

capital good n
dobro kapitałowe

capital letter n
duża litera majuskuła wielka litera

capital punishment n
kara śmierci najwyższy wymiar kary
punishment by death

capital stock n
kapitał akcyjny
equity

capital-intensive adj
kapitałochłonny
needing large capital expenditure

capitalisation n
kapitalizacja
finance

capitalism /ˈkapɪt(ə)lɪz(ə)m/ /ˈkæpɪ̈tl̩ˌɪzm̩/ n
kapitalizm
socio-economic system based on private property rights

capitalist /ˈkæp.ɪ.tə.lɪst/ adj
kapitalistyczny
supporting or endorsing capitalism

capitalistically adv
kapitalistycznie
characteristic of capitalism

capitalize /ˈkæpətəˌlaɪz/ v
kapitalizować
to have, contribute or acquire capital (money or other resources) for a business
pisać wielką literą pisać z dużej litery
In writing or editing, to make use of capital letters
spieniężać
to convert into capital
zyskiwać
to profit or to obtain an advantage

capitate bone n
kość główkowata
os capitatum

capitulate /kəˈpɪ.tjʊ.leɪt/ /kəˈpɪ.t͡ʃə.leɪt/ /kəˈpɪt͡ʃ.jə.leɪt/ /kəˈpɪt͡ʃ.jʊ.leɪt/ v
kapitulować poddawać poddać skapitulować
surrender; end all resistance; to give up; to go along with or comply

capitulation n
kapitulacja
surrender to an enemy

capo di tutti capi n
szef wszystkich szefów
“boss of all bosses” in the Mafia

capoeira /kæpəʊˈeəɹə/ /kæpəˈweəɹə/ /kɑpəˈwɛɹə/ /kɑpˈwɛɹə/ n
capoeira
the martial art developed in Brazil

capon /ˈkeɪpən/ n
kapłon
cockerel grown for food

caponier /ˌkæp.əˈnɪə/ /ˌkæp.əˈnɪɚ/ n
kaponiera
fortification structure

capotasto n
kapodaster
device placed across the strings

cappuccino /-pə-/ /ˌkæpəˈt͡ʃini/ /ˌkæpəˈt͡ʃinoʊ/ /ˌkæpʊˈtʃiːni/ /ˌkæpʊˈtʃiːnəʊ/ n
cappuccino
Italian coffee-based beverage made from espresso to which milk which has been steamed and/or frothed is added
cup of this beverage
medium- to dark-brown colour like that of the coffee drink or the habit of a Capuchin monk

caprice /kəˈpɹiːs/ n
kaprys
impulsive, seemingly unmotivated notion or action
unpredictable or sudden condition, change, or series of changes

capricious /kəˈpɹɪʃəs/ adj
kapryśny nagły
impulsive and unpredictable; determined by chance, impulse, or whim

capsaicin /kæpˈseɪsən/ /kæpˈseɪəsən/ n
kapsaicyna
chemical compound

capsicum /ˈkæpsɪkəm/ n
papryka
plant of the genus Capsicum (only terms covering capsicum in general apply, NOT species-specific)

capsize /kæpˈsaɪz/ v
wywracać się wywrócić się
(intransitive) to overturn

capstan /ˈkæp.stən/ n
kabestan
cylindrical machine

capsule /ˈkæps(ə)l/ /ˈkæpsjuːl/ /ˈkæpʃuːl/ n
kapsuła kapsułka
part of spacecraft containing crew's living space
kapsułka
small container containing a dose of medicine
kapturek termokurczliwy
winemaking: the covering over the cork at the top of the wine bottle
torebka stawowa kapsułka
physiology: membranous envelope
torebka torebka nasienna
botany: seed-case

captain /ˈkæp.tən/ /ˈkæp.tɪn/ /ˈkæp.ən/ [ˈkæpm̩] [ˈkæpn̩] n
kapitan
an army officer with a rank between the most senior grade of lieutenant and major
one of the athletes on a sports team designated to make decisions
the person lawfully in command of a sea-going vessel
the person lawfully in command of an airliner
a naval officer with a rank between commander and commodore or rear admiral

captain /ˈkæp.tən/ /ˈkæp.tɪn/ /ˈkæp.ən/ [ˈkæpm̩] [ˈkæpn̩] v
dowodzić
to act as a captain
to exercise command

captain of industry n
wódz branży

caption /ˈkæp.ʃən/ n
napisy
piece of text appearing on screen as part of a film or broadcast
podpis
title or brief explanation attached to an illustration or cartoon

captive /ˈkæptɪv/ n
jeniec więzień
a person held prisoner
więzień jeniec więźniarka
a person who has been captured

captivity /kæpˈtɪvɪti/ n
niewola
state of being captive

capture /ˈkæp.t͡ʃə/ /ˈkæp.t͡ʃɚ/ /ˈkæp.ʃə/ /ˈkæp.ʃɚ/ v
zająć
take control of
zbić
remove or take control of opponent’s piece

capuchin monkey n
kapucynka
New World monkey of the genus Cebus

capybara /kapɪˈbɑːɹə/ /ˌkæpiˈbæɹə/ /ˌkæpiˈbɑɹə/ /ˌkæpiˈbɛɹə/ n
kapibara
Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris

car /kɑɹ/ /kɑː/ [kʰäɾ] n
kabina
moving, load-carrying component of an elevator
samochód auto wóz bryka gablota
automobile, a vehicle steered by a driver

car alarm n
autoalarm

car bomb n
samochód-pułapka
automobile made into a bomb

car carrier n
samochodowiec
ship

car insurance n
autocasco ubezpieczenie komunikacyjne ubezpieczenie samochodu

car key n
klucz samochodowy kluczyk
a key used to unlock or start a car

car radio n
radio samochodowe
radio specifically tuned for usage inside cars

car seat n
fotel samochodowy
seat in a motor car
fotelik samochodowy fotelik
detachable motor car seat

car wash n
automyjnia myjnia samochodowa
place at which a car is washed, often mechanically

carabineer n
karabinier
cavalry soldier

carabiner /ˈkɛ.ɹəˌbi.nɚ/ /ˌkæ.ɹəˈbiː.nə/ n
karabinek karabińczyk
metal link with a gate

caracal /ˈkeɚ.əˌkæl/ /ˈkæ.ɹəˌkæl/ /ˈkæɹ.əˌkæl/ /ˈkɛɚ.əˌkæl/ n
karakal
Caracal caracal

carafe /kəˈɹæf/ n
karafka
bottle for serving wine, water, or beverages

caramel /ˈkarəm(ə)l/ /ˈkarəmɛl/ /ˈkerəˌmel/ /ˈkæɹ.ə.məl/ /ˈkæɹ.ə.mɛl/ /ˈkɑrməl/ /ˈkɑɹ.məl/ /ˈkɑɹ.ə.məl/ /ˈkɛɹ.ə.məl/ /ˈkɛɹ.ə.mɛl/ n
karmel
confection
karmelek
a piece of candy

caramelize /ˈkar(ə)məlʌɪz/ v
karmelizować skarmelizować
brown sugar
convert sugar into caramel

carapace /ˈkæ.ɹəˌpeɪs/ /ˈkɛɹ.əˌpeɪs/ n
karapaks
hard protective covering

carat /ˈkæɹ.ət/ n
karat
measure of the purity of gold
weight

caravan /kaɾəˈvan/ /ˈkæɹəvæn/ n
karawana
convoy or procession
przyczepa campingowa przyczepa kempingowa

caravanserai /ˌkæɹəˈvænsəɹaɪ/ /ˌkɛɹəˈvænsəˌɹaɪ/ n
karawanseraj
roadside inn usually having a central courtyard where caravans can rest

caravel /ˈkæɹəvɛl/ /ˈkɛ-/ /ˌkæɹəˈvɛl/ n
karawela
light, usually lateen-rigged sailing vessel

caraway /ˈkæɹəˌweɪ/ /ˈkɛɹəˌweɪ/ n
kminek kminek zwyczajny
plant
seed/fruit

carbide n
węglik
any binary compound of carbon and a more electropositive element

carbine /ˈkɑɹ.baɪn/ /ˈkɑɹ.bin/ /ˈkɑː.baɪn/ /ˈkɑː.bin/ n
karabinek
weapon similar to a rifle but much shorter in length

carbinol n
karbinol
Methanol

carbohydrate /kɑːbəʊˈhaɪdɹeɪt/ /kɑːɹboʊˈhaɪdɹeɪt/ n
węglowodan sacharyd
organic compounds such as sugar, starch or cellulose

carbon /ˈkɑɹ.bən/ /ˈkɑːbən/ n
dwutlenek węgla węgiel
ecology: carbon dioxide
kalka
informal: carbon copy
węgiel
chemical element
fossil fuel made of impure carbon

carbon copy v
wysyłać kopię wysłać kopię
cc (email)

carbon dioxide /ˈˌkɑrbən daɪˈɑksaɪd/ /ˌkɑːbən dʌɪˈɒksʌɪd/ n
dwutlenek węgla
CO₂

carbon monoxide n
tlenek węgla czad
chemical of the formula CO

carbon neutrality n
neutralność węglowa

carbon paper n
kalka
paper used to make carbon copies

carbon tetrachloride n
tetrachlorometan
solvent

carbonado /-ˈnɑː-/ /ˌkɑɹbəˈneɪdoʊ/ /ˌkɑːbəˈneɪdəʊ/ n
karbonado
impure form of polycrystalline diamond

carbonara /ˌkɑɹbəˈnæɹə/ /ˌkɑɹbəˈnɑɹə/ /ˌkɑːbəˈnɑːɹə/ n
carbonara
thick pasta sauce

carbonate /ˈkɑɹbəneɪt/ /ˈkɑɹbənət/ /ˈkɑː(ɹ).bə.neɪt/ /ˈkɑː(ɹ).bə.nət/ n
węglan
any salt or ester of carbonic acid

carbonated water n
sodówka woda gazowana woda sodowa
water containing carbon dioxide

carbonic acid n
kwas węglowy
A weak unstable acid, H₂CO₃

carboniferous adj
węglonośny
containing or producing carbon

carboxylic adj
karboksylowy
of, or relating to the carboxyl functional group

carboxylic acid n
kwas karboksylowy
organic compound containing a carboxyl functional group

carbuncle /ˈkɑɹˌbʌŋ.kl̩/ /ˈkɑː.bʌŋ.kl̩/ n
karbunkuł
abscess
precious stone

carburetor /ˈkɑɹb(j)əˌɹeɪtɚ/ /ˈkɑːb(j)əˌɹɛtə/ n
gaźnik
a device in an internal combustion engine

carcass /ˈkɑɹkəs/ /ˈkɑːkəs/ n
ścierwo
body of a dead animal

carceral /ˈkɑɹsəɹəl/ /ˈkɑɹsɹl̩/ /ˈkɑːsəɹəl/ /ˈkɑːsɹl̩/ adj
więzienny
of or pertaining to imprisonment or a prison

carcinogen /kɑɹˈsɪnəd͡ʒən/ n
czynnik rakotwórczy
substance or agent that can cause cancer

carcinogenesis n
kancerogeneza karcynogeneza karcinogeneza
the creation of cancer cells

carcinogenic /ˌkɑː(ɹ)sɪnəˈd͡ʒɛnɪk/ adj
rakotwórczy
causing or tending to cause cancer

carcinogenicity n
rakotwórczość
the state or degree of being carcinogenic

carcinoid n
rakowiak
form of tumour

carcinoma /-sə-/ /ˌkɑɹsɪnoʊˈmɑtə/ /ˌkɑɹsɪˈnoʊmə/ /ˌkɑɹsɪˈnoʊmətə/ /ˌkɑːsnəʊˈmɑːtə/ /ˌkɑːsnˈəʊmə/ /ˌkɑːsnˈəʊmətə/ /ˌkɑːsɪnəʊˈmɑːtə/ /ˌkɑːsɪˈnəʊmə/ /ˌkɑːsɪˈnəʊmətə/ [-ɾə] n
rak
invasive malignant tumor derived from epithelial tissue

card /kaːd/ /kɐːd/ /kɑɹd/ /kɑːd/ [kʰäːd] [kʰɐːd] [kʰɑɹd] [kʰɑːd] n
zgrzebło
hand-held tool for preparing materials for spinning

card /kaːd/ /kɐːd/ /kɑɹd/ /kɑːd/ [kʰäːd] [kʰɐːd] [kʰɑɹd] [kʰɑːd] v
legitymować wylegitymować
to check IDs
gręplować zgrzeblić
to use carding device

card game n
gra karciana gra w karty karty
any of very many games played with playing cards

card stunt n
kartoniada

cardamom /ˈkɑɹ.də.məm/ /ˈkɑɹ.dəˌmɑm/ /ˈkɑː.də.məm/ /ˈkɑː.də.mən/ n
kardamon
its seed or seed capsule
E. cardamomum

cardboard /ˈkɑɹdbɔɹd/ /ˈkɑːdbɔːd/ n
tektura karton
material resembling heavy paper

cardboard box /ˈkɑɹd.bɔɹd bɑks/ /ˈkɑːd.bɔːd bɒks/ n
karton
container

cardholder n
wizytownik
case

cardiac /ˈkɑɹdiˌæk/ /ˈkɑːdɪæk/ adj
sercowy
pertaining to the heart

cardiac arrest n
NZK nagłe zatrzymanie krążenia zatrzymanie akcji serca
cessation of the heartbeat resulting in the loss of effective circulation of the blood

cardigan /ˈkɑːdɪɡən/ n
kardigan
type of sweater

cardinal /ˈkɑɹdnəl/ /ˈkɑɹdɪnəl/ /ˈkɑː.dɪ.nəl/ /ˈkɑːd.nəl/ adj
kardynalny kardynał
describing a number that indicates quantity
of fundamental importance
purpurowy
having a bright red color

cardinal /ˈkɑɹdnəl/ /ˈkɑɹdɪnəl/ /ˈkɑː.dɪ.nəl/ /ˈkɑːd.nəl/ n
kardynał
official of the Catholic Church
any bird in family Cardinalidae
bird of the genus Cardinalis
liczba kardynalna
number indicating quantity
purpura
colour

cardinal number n
liczba kardynalna liczebnik główny
number used to denote the size of a set

cardinal numeral /ˈkɑɹdɪnəl ˈnumɜɹəl/ /ˈkɑːdɪnəl ˈnjuːməɹəl/ n
liczebnik główny
grammar: word used to represent a cardinal number

cardinal point n
strona świata
cardinal point

cardinal virtue n
cnota kardynalna
one of the four foundational virtues

cardinal vowel n
samogłoska kardynalna samogłoska podstawowa
any vowel sound produced in the front of the mouth

cardinality n
liczebność moc
(set theory)

cardio- prefix
kardio-
pertaining to the heart

cardiogram n
kardiogram
the visual output an electrocardiograph produces

cardiograph n
kardiograf
an instrument which, placed in contact with the chest, graphically registers the comparative duration and intensity of the heart's movements

cardiography n
kardiografia

cardioid n
kardioida
epicycloid with one cusp

cardiological adj
kardiologiczny
of or pertaining to cardiology

cardiologist n
kardiolog
physician

cardiology /ˌkɑː(ɹ)diˈɒlədʒi/ n
kardiologia
study of the structure of the heart

cardiopulmonary adj
sercowo-płucny
Of, or pertaining to the heart and the lungs

cardiopulmonary resuscitation n
resuscytacja resuscytacja krążeniowo-oddechowa
a first aid procedure for cardiac arrest

cardoon /kɑː(ɹ)ˈduːn/ n
karczoch hiszpanski
perennial plant

cardplayer n
karciarka karciarz
one who plays cards

cardsharp /ˈkɑɹdʃɑɹp/ /ˈkɑːdʃɑːp/ n
szuler
professional cheater at card games

care /keː/ /kɛə/ /kɛɚ/ /kɪə(ɹ)/ [kʰe(ə̯)ɻ] [kʰɛ(ə̯)ɻ] n
opieka
treatment of those in need
troska
close attention, concern or responsibility

care /keː/ /kɛə/ /kɛɚ/ /kɪə(ɹ)/ [kʰe(ə̯)ɻ] [kʰɛ(ə̯)ɻ] v
dbać opiekować się troszczyć się
to look after
martwić się
to be concerned about
troszczyć się obchodzić
to be mindful of

care of preposition
pod adresem
for distribution by (the named intermediary)

careen /kəˈɹiːn/ v
huśtać kołysać wahać wahnąć
to tilt or lean while in motion
przechylać przechylić
to tilt on one side

career /kəˈɹɪə/ /kəˈɹɪɹ/ n
kariera
one's calling in life; a person's occupation
an individual’s work and life roles over their lifespan

career break n
przerwa w karierze

career change n
zmiana zawodu
career changer — translation entry

career criminal n
przestępca zawodowy przestępczyni zawodowa
a person who makes a living illegally by committing crimes

careerism n
arywizm
priority given to one's career

careerist adj
arywistyczny
related to careerism

careerist n
arywista arywistka
person who pursues his or her own career as his or her main aim

carefree /kɛɹˈfɹi/ /ˈkɛəfɹiː/ adj
beztroski bezkłopotliwy niefrasobliwy
worry free, light hearted, etc.

carefreely adv
beztrosko

carefreeness n
beztroska
the state of being lighthearted; joyous

careful /ˈkɛ(ə)ɹfəl/ /ˈkɛːfəl/ adj
drobiazgowy
meticulous
ostrożny
cautious

carefully /ˈkɛɹf(ə)li/ /ˈkɛːf(ə)li/ adv
ostrożnie
in a careful manner

carefulness n
ostrożność pieczołowitość uważność
state of being careful

careless /ˈkɛələs/ /ˈkɛəlɪs/ /ˈkɛɹləs/ adj
niedbały
not giving sufficient attention or thought

carelessness /ˈkɛələsnəs/ /ˈkɛɹləsnəs/ n
lekkomyślność bezmyślność
lack of care

carer /ˈkɛəɹə(ɹ)/ /ˈkɛɹɚ/ n
opiekun opiekunka
someone who regularly looks after another person

caress /kəˈɹɛs/ n
pieszczota
endearment

caress /kəˈɹɛs/ v
głaskać pieścić
touch or kiss lovingly

caretaker /ˈkɛəˌteɪ.kə/ /ˈkɛɹˌteɪ.kɚ/ n
dozorca dozorczyni
one who takes care of a place or thing

caretaker government n
rząd tymczasowy
temporary government

cargo /ˈkɑɹɡoʊ/ /ˈkɑːɡəʊ/ n
ładunek
freight carried by a ship

cargo pants n
bojówki

cargo ship n
towarowiec
ship that carries cargo

caribou /ˈkæɹəbu/ n
karibu
North American reindeer

caricature /kəˈɹɪkət͡ʃɚ/ /kəˈɹɪkət͡ʃʊɚ/ /ˈkæɹɪkətʃə/ /ˈkæɹɪkətʃʊə/ /ˈkɛɹɪkət͡ʃɚ/ /ˈkɛɹɪkət͡ʃʊɚ/ adj
karykatura
pictorial representation of someone for comic effect
grotesque misrepresentation

caricature /kəˈɹɪkət͡ʃɚ/ /kəˈɹɪkət͡ʃʊɚ/ /ˈkæɹɪkətʃə/ /ˈkæɹɪkətʃʊə/ /ˈkɛɹɪkət͡ʃɚ/ /ˈkɛɹɪkət͡ʃʊɚ/ v
karykaturować
represent in exaggerated manner

caries /ˈkɛ.ɹiz/ /ˈkɛə.ɹiːz/ n
próchnica
progressive destruction of bone or tooth by decay

carillon /kəˈrɪljən/ /ˈkɛɹɪˌlɑn/ n
carillon karylion
a set of bells, often in a bell tower, originating from the Low Countries

carillonist n
osoba grająca na karylionie
one who plays the carillon

caring /ˈkɛə.ɹɪŋ/ /ˈkɛɹ.ɪŋ/ adj
troskliwy
kind, sensitive, empathetic

carless adj
bezsamochodowy
carless

carline thistle n
dziewięćsił
thistle

carman n
wozak
person who transported goods

carmine adj
karminowy
of the purplish red colour shade carmine

carmine n
karmin
purplish-red pigment
karmin karminowy
purplish-red colour

carnage /ˈkɑɹ.nɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈkɑː.nɪdʒ/ n
rzeź
death and destruction

carnal /ˈkɑɹnəl/ adj
cielesny
relating to the physical and especially sexual appetites

carnation /kɑɹˈneɪ.ʃən/ /kɑːˈneɪ.ʃən/ n
goździk
flower
plant

carnauba n
carnauba
wax

carnelian /kɑɹˈnil.jən/ n
karneol heliotrop karniol krwawnik
reddish brown chalcedony

carnet /ˈkɑː(ɹ).neɪ/ n
karnet
a ticket book, a collection of tickets in the form of a booklet often sold at a discount to single tickets

carnival /kɑɹnəˈvɑl/ /ˈkaːnɪvəl/ /ˈkɑɹnɪvəl/ /ˈkɑːnɪvəl/ [ˈkaːnɪvl̩] [ˈkɑɹnɪvl̩] [ˈkɑːnɪvl̩] n
karnawał
festive occasion marked by parades
festival held just before the beginning of Lent

carnivore /ˈkaː.nɪ.voː/ /ˈkɑɹ.nɪ.vɔɹ/ /ˈkɑː.nɪ.vɔː/ n
mięsożerca drapieżnik
meat-eating animal

carnivorous /kaːˈnɪv.ə.ɹəs/ /kɑɹˈnɪv.ə.ɹəs/ /kɑːˈnɪv.ə.ɹəs/ adj
mięsożerny
of, or relating to carnivores, or the taxonomic order Carnivora
mięsożerny drapieżny
predatory or flesh-eating
owadożerny
botany: insectivorous

carol /ˈkæɹəl/ n
carol kolęda
song of joy
kolęda
religious or secular song sung at Christmastime

carol /ˈkæɹəl/ v
kolędować
to sing carols; especially to sing Christmas carols in a group

caroler n
kolędnik

carolling n
kolędowanie
the act of singing carols

carotene n
karoten
class of plant pigments

carotenoid n
karotenoid
class of organic compounds

carotid artery n
tętnica szyjna
artery

carouse /kəˈɹaʊz/ v
balować birbantować hulać
To engage in a noisy or drunken social gathering

carousel /ˈkæɹəsɛl/ /ˌkærəˈsɛl/ /ˌkærəˈzɛl/ n
karuzela
revolving device to deliver items

carouser n
bibosz hulaka
one who carouses

carp /ˈkɑɹp/ /ˈkɑːp/ n
karp
Any of various freshwater fish of the family Cyprinidae

carp /ˈkɑɹp/ /ˈkɑːp/ v
utyskiwać
To complain about a fault

carp bream n
leszcz
Abramis brama

carpaccio n
capaccio

carpal tunnel n
Kanał nadgarstka
passageway on the palmar side of the wrist

carpe diem /ˌkɑɹ.peɪ ˈdi.əm/ /ˌkɑɹ.pi ˈdaɪ.ɛm/ /ˌkɑː.peɪ ˈdiː.əm/ /ˌkɑː.piː ˈdaɪ.ɛm/ proverb
chwytaj dzień
seize the day

carpel /ˈkɑː(ɹ)pəl/ n
słupek
structural unit of a pistil

carpenter /ˈkɑɹpəntɚ/ /ˈkɑː.pən.tə/ n
stolarz cieśla stolarka
one who practices carpentry

carpentry n
stolarstwo
trade of cutting and joining timber

carpet /ˈkɑɹpət/ /ˈkɑː(ɹ)pɪt/ n
dywan kobierzec
a fabric used as a floor covering

carpet beater /ˌkɑːpɪtˈbiːtə/ n
trzepaczka trzepaczka do dywanów
tool used in housecleaning

carpet bombing n
nalot dywanowy
a bombing of this kind

carpet shark n
dywanokształtne rekiny dywanowe
shark of the order Orectolobiformes

carpetbagger /ˈkɑɹpɪtˌbæɡɚ/ /ˈkɑːpɪtˌbaɡə/ n
spadochroniarz
One who comes to a place or organisation primarily or solely for personal gain

carport /kɑː(ɹ).pɔːt/ n
podjazd wiata zadaszenie
roofed structure for automobile storage

carrack n
karaka
ship

carrageenan /ˌkæɹəˈɡiːnən/ /ˌkɛɹəˈɡinən/ n
karagen
Food additive made from extract of red seaweed

carriage /ˈkæɹɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈkɛɹɪd͡ʒ/ n
kareta powóz
wheeled vehicle, generally drawn by horse power
karetka
part of typewriter

carriage house n
powozownia wozownia
building for keeping a horse and carriage

carriageway n
jezdnia
part of a road that carries traffic

carried away adj
dawać się ponieść dać się ponieść
excessively emotional

carrier /ˈkæ.ɹɪ.ə/ /ˈkæ.ɹɪ.ɚ/ /ˈkɛ-/ n
nosiciel nosicielka
person or organism that has inherited a trait or disease but displays no symptoms
nośnik
person or object that carries someone or something else
signal modulated to transmit information

carrier bag n
reklamówka
thin bag

carrier pigeon n
gołąb pocztowy
carrier pigeon

carrier wave /ˈkæ.ɹɪ.ə weɪv/ /ˈkæ.ɹɪ.ɚ weɪv/ /ˈkɛ-/ n
fala nośna częstotliwość nośna
wave that can be modulated to transmit signals

carrion /ˈkæ.ɹi.ən/ /ˈkæɹ.ən/ n
padlina
dead flesh; carcasses

carrion crow n
czarnowron
Corvus corone

carrot /ˈkæɹ.ət/ /ˈkɛɹ.ət/ n
marchewka marchew
Daucus carota ssp. sativus

carrot and stick n
kij i marchewka
simultaneous rewards for good behavior and punishments for bad behavior

carroty adj
marchewkowy
resembling carrots in colour, taste, etc.
marchewkowy marchwiowy
containing carrots; made of carrots

carry /ˈkeɹ.i/ /ˈkæɹ.i/ /ˈkæɹ.ɪ/ /ˈkɛɹ.i/ v
nieść nosić wieźć wozić
to transport by lifting

carry away v
ponosić
to take possession of the mind

carry coals to Newcastle v
wozić drewno do lasu
do something unneeded or redundant

carry one's weight v
przykładać się przyłożyć się
to contribute or produce one's fair share, as of work, money, etc.

carry oneself v
nosić
behave, especially with respect to speech, body language, etc.

carry out v
wykonywać wykonać
to fulfill
wynieść wynosić
to hold while moving something out

carry-on n
bagaż podręczny
the luggage which is taken onto an airplane with a passenger

carrying pole n
koromysło
a yoke of wood or bamboo, used by people to carry a load

carsickness /ˈkɑː(ɹ)ˌsɪk.nəs/ n
choroba lokomocyjna
motion sickness due to riding in a vehicle

cart /kɑɹt/ /kɑːt/ n
wóz wózek fura
small, open, wheeled vehicle

carte blanche /kɑɹtˈblɑnʃ/ n
carte blanche
unlimited discretionary power to act; unrestricted authority

cartel /kɑɹˈtɛl/ /kɑːˈtɛl/ n
kartel
group of businesses or nations that collude to fix prices
official agreement concerning exchange of prisoners

cartilage /ˈkɑɹ.təl.ɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈkɑɹt.lɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈkɑː.tɪl.ɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈkɑːt.lɪd͡ʒ/ n
chrząstka
elastic tissue

cartographer n
kartograf
one who makes maps or charts

cartographic /ˌkɑɹ.təˈɡɹæf.ɪk/ /ˌkɑː.təʊˈɡɹæf.ɪk/ adj
kartograficzny
of or pertaining to the making of maps

cartography /kɐɹˈtɒɡɹəfi/ /kɐː(ɹ)ˈtɔɡɹɘfɪi̯/ /kɐː(ɹ)ˈtɔɡɹəfɪi̯/ /kɑɹˈtɑɡɹəfi/ /kɑːˈtɒɡɹəfi/ n
kartografia
creation of charts and maps

cartomancy n
kartomancja
fortune-telling using cards

carton /ˈkɑɹtn̩/ /ˈkɑːtn̩/ /ˈkɑːtən/ [ˈkʰɑɹʔn̩] n
blok
a carton of cigarette packs

cartoon /kɑɹˈtuːn/ /kɑːˈtuːn/ n
film rysunkowy kreskówka film animowany
animated cartoon
historyjka komiks obrazkowa
humorous drawing or strip
karykatura
satire of public figures
szkic
artist's preliminary sketch

cartoonish adj
kreskówkowy

cartoonist n
karykaturzysta karykaturzystka rysowniczka komiksiarz kreskówkarz rysownik
creator of cartoons or strip cartoons

cartouche /kɑɹˈtuʃ/ /kɑːˈtuːʃ/ n
kartusz
in architecture

cartridge /ˈkɑɹtɹɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈkɑːtɹɪdʒ/ n
kartridż kartusz kaseta drukująca pojemnik z tuszem wkład drukujący
vessel which contains the ink for a computer printer
nabój
firearms package

cartridge box n
patrontasz ładownica
case for cartridges

cartulary /ˈkɑːtjuləɹɪ/ n
kartulariusz kopiarz kopiariusz kopiał
document collection

cartwheel /ˈkɑɹtˌwil/ /ˈkɑːtˌwiːl/ n
gwiazda
gymnastic maneuver

carve /kɑɹv/ /kɑːv/ v
ryć
to shape to sculptural effect

carving knife n
nóż do krojenia mięsa
a large knife designed for cutting cooked turkey and similar dishes

caryatid /ˌkæɹiˈætɪd/ /ˌkɛəɹiˈætɪd/ n
kariatyda
a sculpted female figure serving as an architectural element

caryopsis n
ziarniak
type of fruit

cascade /kæsˈkeɪd/ n
kaskada
sequence of events
waterfall
series of electric components

cascade /kæsˈkeɪd/ v
kaskadować
to arrange in a stepped series like a waterfall

case /keɪs/ n
przypadek wypadek
actual event, situation, or fact
sprawa postępowanie proces
law: lawsuit
wypadek
academia: instance or event as a topic of study
skrzynia
box containing a number of identical items of manufacture

case closed phraseologicalUnit
sprawa zamknięta
a case is closed

case insensitive adj
nierozróżniający wielkości liter
treating upper- and lowercase letters as being the same

case law n
prawo precedensowe
law developed through court decisions

case sensitive adj
rozróżniający wielkość liter
distinguishing upper- and lower-case letters

case study n
studium przypadku
research performed in detail on a single case

caseate v
serowacieć zserowacieć
to degenerate into a cheese like state

casein /ˈkeɪ.siː.ɪn/ n
kazeina
protein

casemate n
kazamata
bombproof chamber as part of fortification

cash /kæʃ/ n
gotówka pieniądze
money in the form of notes/bills and coins

cash /kæʃ/ v
zrealizować
to exchange (a check/cheque) for money

cash cow n
dojna krowa żyła złota
someone or something which is a dependable source of appreciable amounts of money
something that generates free cash flow

cash desk n
kasa
place with a cash register

cash flow n
przepływy pieniężne
stream of funds

cash on delivery n
płatność przy odbiorze
transaction

cash register n
kasa kasa fiskalna
machine

cashew /kəˈʃuː/ /ˈkæʃjuː/ /ˈkæʃuː/ n
nerkowiec
tree

cashew nut n
orzech nerkowca
the seed of the cashew tree

cashier /kaˈʃɪə/ /ˈkaʃɪə/ n
kasjer kasjerka
one who works at a till or receives payments

cashless adj
bezgotówkowy
operating without the need for cash

cashlessly adv
bezgotówkowo

cashmere /kæʃˈmiɹ/ /kæʃˈmɪə/ /kæʒˈmiɹ/ /ˈkæʃ.miɹ/ /ˈkæʃ.mɪə/ /ˈkæʒ.miɹ/ n
kaszmir
fine, downy wool from beneath the outer hair of the Cashmere goat
soft fabric made of wool

casino /kæˈsinoʊ/ /kəˈsinoʊ/ n
kasyno
public building or room for entertainment, especially gambling

cask /kæsk/ /kɑːsk/ n
baryłka antał antałek beczułka
a large barrel for the storage of liquid

casket /ˈkæs.kɪt/ /ˈkɑː.skɪt/ n
szkatułka
little box e.g. for jewelry
urna
urn

cassation /kæˈseɪʃən/ n
kasacja
the abrogation of a law by a higher authority; annulment

casserole /ˈkæs.əˌɹoʊl/ n
naczynie żaroodporne
glass or earthenware dish
zapiekanka
food, such as a stew, cooked in such a dish

cassette /kæˈsɛt/ /kəˈsɛt/ n
kaseta
small flat case containing magnetic tape
set of sprockets on a bicycle

cassette recorder n
kasetofon magnetofon kasetowy
a tape recorder that records on cassette tapes

cassette tape n
taśma magnetofonowa
magnetic tape in a cassette

cassock /ˈkasək/ /ˈkæsək/ n
sutanna
item of clerical clothing

cassowary /ˈkæs.ə.ˌwɛɹ.i/ n
kazuar
a large flightless bird of the genus Casuarius

cast /kast/ /kæst/ /kɑːst/ n
obsada
group of actors performing together

cast /kast/ /kæst/ /kɑːst/ v
ciskać cisnąć miotać
to throw forcefully
linieć ronić uronić wylinieć zrzucać zrzucić
to throw off the skin, shell etc.; to shed the hair or fur
obsadzać obsadzić
to assign a role in a play or performance
odlewać formować odlać uformować ulać ulewać
to make by pouring into a mould
poronić ronić
to give birth prematurely
rzucać rzucić
to perform, bring forth a magical spell or enchantment
to throw on or upon something, or in a given direction
zarzucać zarzucić
to throw a fishing line or net into the water

cast a chill v
mrozić zmrozić
provoke an uneasy feeling

cast away v
wyrzucać
discard

cast iron adj
żeliwny
made of cast iron

cast iron n
żeliwo
hard, brittle alloy of iron, carbon, silicon

cast pearls before swine v
rzucać perły przed wieprze

castable adj
rzutowalny
Capable of being cast in programming

castanet /ˌkæs.tə.ˈnɛt/ n
kastaniety
a single handheld percussion instrument

castaway /ˈblæstəweɪ/ /ˈblɑːstəweɪ/ /ˈkæs.tə.weɪ/ n
rozbitek
nautical: shipwrecked sailor
wyrzutek
someone cast out of a group or society

caste /kæst/ /kɑːst/ n
kasta
hereditary social class

casteless /ˈkæstləs/ adj
bezkastowy
without caste

castellan /ˈkæstələn/ /ˈkæstɪlən/ n
kasztelan
governor or caretaker of a castle or keep

caster /ˈkæstə(ɹ)/ /ˈkæstɚ/ /ˈkɑːstə(ɹ)/ n
koło kastora
wheeled assembly
pieprzniczka solniczka
shaker with perforated top

castigate /ˈkæs.tə.ɡeɪt/ /ˈkæs.tɪ.ɡeɪt/ v
karcić strofować
to punish or reprimand someone severely
korygować poprawić
to revise a publication
krytykować piętnować potępiać
to criticize something severely

casting /ˈkastɪŋ/ /ˈkæstɪŋ/ /ˈkɑːstɪŋ/ /ˈkɛəstɪŋ/ n
casting
selection of performers

castle /kæsl̩/ /kɑːsl̩/ /ˈkæsəl/ /ˈkɑːsəl/ n
zamek
fortified building

castle /kæsl̩/ /kɑːsl̩/ /ˈkæsəl/ /ˈkɑːsəl/ v
wieża
chess

castling /ˈkæsəlɪŋ/ /ˈkɑːsəlɪŋ/ n
roszada
move in chess

castor bean tick n
kleszcz pastwiskowy kleszcz pospolity kleszcz psi
Iduna rama

castor oil /ˈkæ.stɚ ˌɔɪl/ /ˈkɑː.stə ˌɔɪl/ n
olej rycynowy

castor oil plant n
rącznik pospolity
Ricinus communis

castoreum n
kastoreum strój bobrowy
castor sac exudate

castrate /kæsˈtɹeɪt/ /ˈkæs.tɹeɪt/ v
kastrować wykastrować
remove the testicles of

castration /kæˈstɹeɪʃən/ n
kastracja
act of removing the testicles

castrato /kæsˈtɹɑː.təʊ/ n
kastrat
male soprano or alto voice; the singer
kastrat eunuch rzezaniec trzebieniec
male who has been castrated

casual /-uːæl/ /ˈkazjuːəl/ /ˈkaʒ(uː)əl/ /ˈkaʒjuːəl/ /ˈkæʒ(u)əl/ /ˈkæʒwəl/ /ˈkɛʒ(ʉː)əl/ adj
codzienny
designed for informal or everyday use
doraźny dorywczy
happening by chance
niedbały
careless
przypadkowy
coming without regularity; occasional or incidental
sezonowy
employed irregularly

casualty /ˈkaʒjʊəlti/ n
izba przyjęć
ofiara poszkodowany
person
ofiary straty
an accident, a disaster

casuistic /ˌkæzjuˈɪstɪk/ /ˌkæʒuˈɪstɪk/ adj
kazuistyczny
relating to casuistry

casuistically adv
kazuistycznie
domain
manner

casuistry /ˈkæzjuːɪstɹi/ /ˈkæʒjuːɪstɹi/ /ˈkæʒuːəstɹi/ /ˈkæʒuːɪstɹi/ n
kazuistyka
process

casus belli /- ˈbɛl.i/ /ˈkeɪ.sus ˈbɛl.aɪ/ /ˈkeɪ.səs ˈbɛl.aɪ/ n
casus belli
act causing war

cat /kat/ /kæt/ [kʰæt] [kʰæt̚] n
kot
member of the family Felidae
kot kotka kocur kocica kotek
domestic species

cat /kat/ /kæt/ [kʰæt] [kʰæt̚] v
wymiotować
vomit

cat and dog life n
życie jak pies z kotem
unhappy married life

cat and mouse n
bawić się w kotka i myszkę
two keeping check on one another

cat flap n
klapka
small hinged panel cut into a door where a cat can come in

cat food n
kotów
type of food formulated for the feeding of cats

cat got someone's tongue phraseologicalUnit
zaniemówić zapomnieć języka w gębie
why are you not saying anything?

cat meat n
kocie mięso kocina
cat eaten as meat

cat thyme n
ożanka
Teucrium marum

cat's claw n
czepota puszysta
Uncaria tomentosa
wibudłak
Martynia annua

cat's ear n
prosienicznik

cat-eyed adj
mający kocie oczy

cat-o'-nine-tails n
kańczug
nine-corded whip

catabolism /kəˈtæbəlɪzm/ n
katabolizm
destructive metabolism

cataclysm /ˈkætəˌklɪzm̩/ n
kataklizm
sudden, violent event

catacomb /ˈkætəkoʊm/ /ˈkætəkuːm/ /ˈkætəkəʊm/ n
katakumby katakumb katakumba
underground system of tunnels and chambers with recesses for graves

catadromous adj
katadromiczny
of migratory fish

catafalque /ˈkatəfalk/ n
katafalk
platform to display or convey a coffin

catalectic adj
katalektyczny
of poetry

catalectic n
kataleksa

catalepsy n
katalepsja
catalepsy

cataleptic n
kataleptyczny
cataleptic

catalogue /ˈkæt.əˌlɑɡ/ /ˈkæt.əˌlɒɡ/ /ˈkæt.əˌlɔɡ/ n
katalog
a systematic list of names, books, pictures etc.
a list of all the publications in a library

catalysis /kəˈtæləsɪs/ n
kataliza
chemistry: the increase of the rate of a chemical reaction induced by a catalyst

catalyst /ˈkæt.ə.lɪst/ /ˈkæt.əl.ɪst/ n
katalizator
substance which increases the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed in the process
something that encourages progress or change

catalytic /ˌkætəˈlɪtɪk/ adj
katalityczny
of, or relating to catalysts

catalytic converter n
katalizator
chamber in which carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons from vehicle exhaust are oxidized into carbon dioxide

catalytically adv
katalitycznie
by catalysis

catalyze /ˈkætəˌlaɪz/ v
katalizować
to accelerate a process
to bring about the catalysis of a chemical reaction

catamaran /ˈkæ.tə.məˌɹæn/ /ˌkæ.tə.məˈɹæn/ n
katamaran dwukadłubowiec
twin-hulled boat

cataphract /ˈkætəfɹækt/ /ˈkætəˌfɹækt/ [ˈkæɾə-] n
katafrakt
soldier covered with a cataphract

catapult /ˈkæ.tə.pʌlt/ n
katapulta
device for launching large objects

catapult /ˈkæ.tə.pʌlt/ v
katapultować
to fire a missile from a catapult

cataract /ˈkætəɹækt/ n
bielmo blachmal
opacity of the lens in the eye

cataractal adj
bielmowy

catarrh /kəˈtɑɹ/ n
katar nieżyt
inflammation of the mucous membranes

catastrophe /kəˈtæstɹəfi/ n
katastrofa
any large and disastrous event of great significance

catastrophic /kætəˈstɹɒfɪk/ adj
katastrofalny
disastrous; ruinous
of or pertaining to a catastrophe

catastrophically adv
katastrofalnie
in a catastrophic manner

catatonia /kætəˈtoʊniə/ n
katatonia
severe psychiatric condition

catboat n
ket
type of boat

catch /kæt͡ʃ/ /kɑt͡ʃ/ /kɛt͡ʃ/ n
haczyk
a hidden difficulty, especially in a deal or negotiation

catch /kæt͡ʃ/ /kɑt͡ʃ/ /kɛt͡ʃ/ v
chwytać chwycić złapać łapać
to intercept an object in the air etc.
dostrzec dostrzegać ogarniać ogarnąć
to perceive and understand
przechwycać przechwycić
to handle a computer error, especially an exception
załapać się zdążyć
to reach in time to leave
łapać schwytać złapać
to capture or snare

catch a cold v
przeziębiać przeziębić
contract a cold

catch of the day n
partia
a person who is a popular or desirable choice to be a partner in a prospective marital or romantic relationship

catch one's breath v
zaczerpnąć tchu
to take a break, or rest while doing a strenuous activity

catch one's death v
zamarzać na śmierć zamarznąć na śmierć

catch out v
przyłapać
to discover or expose as fake, insincere, or inaccurate

catch red-handed v
złapać na gorącym uczynku łapać na gorącym uczynku
capture someone in the act of committing a crime

catch someone's drift v
kapować

catch the eye v
rzucać się w oczy rzucić się w oczy

catch up v
dogonić nadgonić
to reach something that had been ahead

catch-all n
wytrych
used to hold, include, or describe a broad range of things

catchphrase n
powiedzonko
a repeated expression

catchy /ˈkæt͡ʃi/ /ˈkɛt͡ʃi/ adj
chwytliwy
instantly appealing and memorable

catechesis n
katecheza
religious instruction

catechism /ˈkætɪˌkɪzəm/ n
katechizm
book summarizing the principles of Christianity

catechist n
katecheta katechetka

catechistic adj
katechetyczny

catecholamine /katəˈkɒləmiːn/ /katəˈkəʊləmiːn/ n
katecholamina
any of a class of aromatic amines

catechumen /ˌkæt.əˈkju.mən/ /ˌkæt.ɪˈkjuː.mɛn/ n
katechumen katechumenka
convert to Christianity prior to baptism

categorical /ˌkætəˈɡɔɹɪk(ə)l/ adj
kategoryczny
absolute; having no exception

categorically /kæt.əˈɡɒ.ɹɪk.(ə.)li/ adv
kategorycznie
In a categorical manner

categorization n
kategoryzacja klasyfikacja
the process of sorting or arranging things into categories or classes

category /ˈkætəˌɡɔɹi/ /ˈkætɪɡ(ə)ɹi/ /ˈkɛtɘɡ(ɘ)ɹi/ /ˈkɛtɘˌɡoːɹi/ n
kategoria
collection in math
group

catenoid n
katenoida
Three-dimensional surface formed by rotation of a catenary

cater /ˈkatə/ /ˈkeɪtə/ /ˈkeɪtəɹ/ n
kwadr kwater
four of cards or dice

catering /ˈkeɪ.tə.ɹɪŋ/ /ˈkeɪ.tɚ.ɪŋ/ /ˈkeɪt(ə)ɹɪŋ/ [ˈkeɪ.ɾɚ.ɪŋ] n
catering katering
the business of providing food and related services

caterpillar /ˈkætəˌpɪlə/ /ˈkætəˌpɪlɚ/ /ˈkætɚˌpɪlɚ/ n
gąsienica
larva of a butterfly
pojazd gąsienicowy
vehicle with a caterpillar track

caterpillar track n
gąsienica
continuous track in the form of steel or rubber belt

catfight n
bójka pomiędzy kobietami
fight between women

catfish n
sum
type of fish

catgirl n
dziewczyna-kot
female character with feline characteristics

catgut /ˈkætˌɡʌt/ n
catgut katgut ketgut
cord

catharsis /kəˈθɑɹˌsɪs/ /kəˈθɑːsɪs/ n
katharsis
in drama, a release of emotional tension
any release of emotional tension
a therapeutic technique to relieve tension

cathedral /kəˈθiː.dɹəl/ n
katedra
principal church of a bishop's diocese
big church building

catheter /ˈkæθɪtə(ɹ)/ /ˈkæθɪtɚ/ n
cewnik kateter
small tube inserted into a body cavity

cathetus /kəˈθɪ.təs/ /ˈkæ.θɪ.təs/ n
przyprostokątna
either of the sides of a right triangle other than its hypotenuse

cathexis /kəˈθɛk sɪs/ n
kateksja
the concentration of libido or emotional energy on a single object or idea

cathode /ˈkæθ.oʊd/ n
katoda
electrode through which current flows outward

cathodic adj
katodowy
physics

catholicos /kəˈθɒlɪkəs/ n
katolikos
high-ranking bishop or patriarch

cation /ˈkætˌaɪ.ɑn/ /ˈkætˌaɪ.ən/ n
kation

catkin n
bazia kotka
botany: a type of inflorescence

catnip /ˈkætnɪp/ n
kocimiętka
plant of the genus Nepeta
kocimiętka właściwa
specific species which causes intoxication among cats

catoblepas /-bliː-/ /-blɛ-/ /-pæs/ /-tə-/ /kæ-/ /kəˈtɒblɪpəs/ /ˈkætoʊblɪpəs/ /ˌkætoʊˈbliːpəs/ /ˌkætoʊˈblɛpəs/ n
katoblepas
mythological creature

catperson n
kociarz
anthropomorphic feline, or individual with characteristics of a cat

cattail /ˈkæt.teɪl/ n
pałka
any of several perennial herbs of the genus Typha

cattle /ˈkʰæt(ə)ɫ/ /ˈkʰæɾ(ə)ɫ/ n
bydło
domesticated bovine animals
pejorative: people who resemble cattle in behavior or destiny

catwalk n
kładka
narrow elevated stage on which models parade

caudal /ˈkɔːdəl/ adj
ogonowy tylny
pertaining to the tail

caudal fin n
płetwa ogonowa
the tailfin of a fish and other aquatic vertebrates

caudate /ˈkɔːdeɪt/ adj
ogoniasty
having a tail

caul /kɔːl/ n
czepek
part of the amniotic sac which sometimes shrouds a baby’s head at birth

cauldron /ˈkɔːl.dɹən/ /ˈkəʊl.dɹən/ n
kocioł
large bowl-shaped pot
strategic encirclement

cauliflower /ˈkɑl.ɪˌflaʊ.ɚ/ /ˈkɒl.i.flaʊ.ə/ /ˈkɒl.ɪ.flaʊ.ə/ /ˈkɔl.ɪˌflaʊ.ɚ/ n
kalafior
edible head of a cauliflower plant
vegetable

causal link n
związek przyczynowo-skutkowy

causality /kɑˈzæl.ɪ.tɪ/ /kɔˈzæl.ɪ.tɪ/ /kɔːˈzæl.ɪ.tɪ/ [kɑˈzæl.ɪ.ɾɪ] [kʰoːˈz̥æl.ɪ.tɪ] [kʰɒːˈz̥æl.ɪ.tɪ] n
przyczynowość
agency of cause

cause /kɔz/ /kɔːz/ /ˈkɑz/ [kʰoːz̥] [kʰɒːz̥] n
przyczyna
source or reason of an event or action

cause /kɔz/ /kɔːz/ /ˈkɑz/ [kʰoːz̥] [kʰɒːz̥] v
powodować spowodować
to set off an event or action

cause of action n
roszczenie
legal: condition that entitles suing

cause of death n
przyczyna śmierci
official cause of a human death

causeless /ˈkɔːzləs/ adj
bezprzyczynowy
groundless

causelessness n
bezprzyczynowość

causeway /ˈkɔːz.weɪ/ n
droga na grobli grobla
raised roadway

caustic /ˈkɒstɪk/ /ˈkɔːstɪk/ adj
kaustyczny żrący
capable of destroying organic tissue

caution /ˈkɑʃ(ə)n/ /ˈkɔʃ(ə)n/ /ˈkɔːʃ(ə)n/ n
ostrożność przezorność roztropność uwaga
careful attention, prudence
ostrzeżenie przestroga
precept or warning against evil or danger

caution - slippery when wet phraseologicalUnit
uwaga - ﻿nawierzchnia śliska, gdy mokra
warning against slippery floor

cautious /ˈkɔːʃəs/ adj
ostrożny
careful

cautiously /ˈkɑʃəsli/ /ˈkɔːʃəsli/ adv
ostrożnie
in a cautious manner

cavalcade /ˈkævəlˌkeɪd/ /ˌkævəlˈkeɪd/ n
kawalkada
procession of riders, vehicles, ships, etc.

cavalry /ˈkævəlɹi/ n
jazda kawaleria konnica
military service that fights with riding horses

cave /keɪv/ n
jaskinia pieczara
large, naturally occurring cavity formed underground

cave in v
uginać się ugiąć się
to relent, comply, lose willpower, etc.

cave painting /ˈkeɪv ˈpeɪntɪŋ/ n
malarstwo jaskiniowe malarstwo naskalne
paintings resulting from this activity regarded collectively, especially if prehistoric; an individual painting of this type

cave swallow n
jaskółka jaskiniowa

caveat /-æt/ /ˈkeɪ-/ /ˈkæviɑt/ /ˈkævɪæt/ n
zastrzeżenie
warning

caveman n
jaskiniowiec człowiek jaskiniowy
early humans or related species

cavern /ˈkav.n̩/ /ˈkav.ən/ /ˈkæv.ɚn/ /ˈkæv.ɹən/ n
jaskinia
large cave

caviar /ˈkæv.iˌɑɹ/ /ˈkæv.iˌɑː/ n
kawior ikra
roe of the sturgeon or other large fish (black caviar)

cavitation /ˌkævɪˈteɪʃən/ n
kawitacja
formation of vapor bubbles

cavity /ˈkæv.ɪt.i/ [ˈkʰæv.ɨɾ.i] n
dziura wydrążenie
hole or hollow depression
ubytek
hole and soft area in tooth caused by caries

cavity wall n
mur podwójny mur szczelinowy
double wall connected by air space

cavort /kəˈvɔɹt/ /kəˈvɔːt/ v
figlować swawolić
move/play boisterously

caw /kɔː/ n
krakanie
cry of a crow

caw /kɔː/ v
krakać kraknąć
to make the cry of a crow, rook, or raven

cayenne pepper n
papryka cayenne pieprz kajeński
hot chilli pepper

cc /siːˈsiː/ n
DW [[k.o.]] aa
carbon copy

cease /siːs/ v
zaprzestać
intransitive

cease-fire n
zawieszenie broni rozejm
in warfare, an agreed end to hostilities for a specific purpose

ceaseless /ˈsiːsləs/ adj
bezustanny
without an end

ceaselessly adv
bezustannie
without ceasing

ceaselessness n
bezustanność

cebularz n
cebularz

cedar /ˈsi.dɚ/ /ˈsiː.də/ n
cedr
aromatic wood
coniferous tree in genus Cedrus

cedar waxwing n
jemiołuszka cedrowa
Bombycilla cedrorum

cede /siːd/ v
cedować scedować
give up

cedi /ˈsiːdiː/ n
cedi
the currency of Ghana

cefoperazone n
cefoperazon

ceiling /ˈsiːlɪŋ/ n
pułap
upper limit of an object or action
altitude
sufit
smallest integer
sufit strop
upper limit of room

ceiling fan n
wentylator sufitowy
fan fixture on a ceiling

celadon /ˈsɛlədɒn/ /ˈsɛlədən/ /ˈsɛləˌdɑn/ n
celadon seladon
ceramic with pale green glaze
pale green glaze
seledyn
pale green colour

celeb /səˈlɛb/ n
celebryta celebrytka
a celebrity

celebrate /ˈsel.ə.bɹæɪt/ /ˈsɛl.ə.bɹeɪt/ /ˈsɛl.ɪ.bɹeɪt/ v
obchodzić celebrować
honour by rites, ceremonies, etc.
sławić wychwalać
extol or honour in a solemn manner
świętować celebrować fetować oblać uczcić
to engage in joyful activity in appreciation of an event

celebration /ˌsɛlɪˈbɹeɪʃən/ n
celebracja celebra
formal performance of a solemn rite
uroczystość
act or process of showing gratitude, appreciation or remembrance
świętowanie uroczystość
social gathering for entertainment and fun

celebrity /sɪˈlɛbɹɪti/ n
gwiazda celebryta celebrytka osobowość medialna
famous person

celeriac /səˈlɛəɹiæk/ /səˈlɪəɹiæk/ n
seler
form of celery

celery /ˈsɛl.ə.ɹi/ /ˈsɛl.ɚ.i/ n
seler
the stalks of this herb
seler seler naciowy
herb

celesta /səˈlɛstə/ n
czelesta
musical instrument

celestial /səˈlɛs.ti.əl/ /səˈlɛs.t͡ʃəl/ adj
niebiański
relating to heaven (religious)
relating to sky

celestial body n
ciało niebieskie
natural object beyond Earth's atmosphere

celestial equator n
równik niebieski
great circle

celestial mechanics n
mechanika nieba
dynamics of celestial bodies

celestial navigation n
astronawigacja
navigation by using the positions of the stars

celestial sphere n
sfera niebieska
abstract sphere of infinite radius

celestially adv
niebiańsko
in a celestial manner

celestine n
celestyn
mineral

celibacy /ˈsɛləbəsi/ n
celibat
abstaining from sexual relations
state of being unmarried

celibate /ˈsɛləbət/ adj
niezamężna nieżonaty
unmarried

cell /sɛl/ n
cela komórka
room in a monastery for sleeping one person
room in a prison for containing inmates
komórka
biological cavity
a short, fixed-length packet as in asynchronous transfer mode
minimal unit of a cellular automaton that can change state and has an associated behavior
region of radio reception that is a part of a larger radio network
komórka burzowa
small thunderstorm that forms ahead of a storm front
komórka cela
basic unit of a living organism
small group of people forming part of a larger organization
ogniwo komórka
component of an electrical battery
komórka
informal: a cellular telephone

cell membrane n
błona komórkowa
semipermeable membrane surrounding the cytoplasm of a cell

cell wall /sɛl wɑːl/ /sɛl wɔːl/ n
ściana komórkowa
thick layer around cells of plants, fungi, and algae

cellar /ˈsɛlə(ɹ)/ /ˈsɛlɚ/ n
piwnica win
wine collection
piwnica loch
underground space

cellar door n
drzwi piwniczne
door leading to a cellar

cellblock n
blok

cellist /ˈt͡ʃɛlɪst/ n
wiolonczelista wiolonczelistka
person who plays the cello

cellless adj
bezkomórkowy
without cells

cellmate n
współwięzień
person with whom one shares a prison cell

cello /ˈtʃɛləʊ/ /ˈt͡ʃɛloʊ/ n
wiolonczela
musical instrument

cellophane /ˈsɛləfeɪn/ n
celofan
the transparent plastic film

cellular /ˈsɛl.ju.lɚ/ /ˈsɛl.jə.lɚ/ adj
komórkowy
of, relating to, consisting of, or resembling a cell or cells

cellulite n
celulit
dimpled appearance of skin

celluloid /ˈsɛljəˌlɔɪd/ n
celuloid
variety of thermoplastics

cellulose /ˈsɛljʊləʊz/ n
celuloza
the polysaccharide cellulose

cellulose acetate n
acetyloceluloza octan celulozy
bioplymer

cement /səˈmɛnt/ /ˈsi.mɛnt/ n
cement
a powdered substance
the paste-like substance

cement mixer n
betoniarka
device to make concrete
betoniarka betonowóz gruszka do betonu
truck to make concrete

cementum n
cement kostniwo
cementum

ceno- prefix
ceno-

cenobite /ˈsiː.nəˌbaɪt/ /ˈsɛn.əˌbaɪt/ n
cenobita
monk who lives in a religious community, rather than in solitude

cenotaph /ˈsɛn.ə.tæf/ /ˈsɛn.ə.tɑːf/ n
cenotaf
monument to honor the dead whose bodies lie elsewhere

censer /ˈsɛn.sə/ /ˈsɛn.sɚ/ n
kadzidło
religious ornamental container for burning incense

censor /ˈsɛnsə/ /ˈsɛnsɚ/ v
cenzurować ocenzurować
to review for, and if necessary to remove or suppress, objectionable content

censorship /ˈsɛnsəʃɪp/ /ˈsɛnsɚʃɪp/ n
cenzura
use of state or group power to control freedom of expression

census /ˈsɛnsəs/ n
spis ludności spis statystyczny
official count of members of a population

cent /sɛnt/ n
cent
subunit of currency in US and elsewhere
cent eurocent
one-hundredth of a euro

centaur /ˈsɛntɑɹ/ /ˈsɛntɔː(ɹ)/ n
centaur
mythical half-man, half-horse

centenarian /ˌsɛntəˈnɛriən/ /ˌsɛntəˈnɛːrɪən/ /ˌsɛnəˈnɛriən/ adj
stulatek stulatka
100 years old or more

centenarian /ˌsɛntəˈnɛriən/ /ˌsɛntəˈnɛːrɪən/ /ˌsɛnəˈnɛriən/ n
stulatek stulatka
a 100-year-old person

centenary /sənˈtiːn(ə)ri/ /sənˈtɛn(ə)ri/ /sɛnˈtiːn(ə)ri/ /sɛnˈtɛn(ə)ri/ /sɛnˈtɛnəri/ /ˈsɛntəˌnɛri/ adj
stuletni
of or related to a period of 100 years

centennial /sɛnˈtɛnɪəl/ n
stulecie
100th anniversary

center /ˈsɛn.tə(ɹ)/ /ˈsɛn.tɚ/ [ˈsɛɾ̃ɚ] [ˈsɪɾ̃ɚ] n
centrum
topic of particular importance
middle portion of something
centrum ośrodek
place where a function or activity occurs
centrum środek
point equidistant from all points on the perimeter of a circle
środek
point equidistant from all points on the surface of a sphere
point on a line midway between the ends
point in the interior of figure with mean coordinates

center of gravity /ˌsɛn.təɹ əv ˈɡɹæv.ə.ti/ n
środek ciężkości
point, near or within a body, at which the object's mass can be assumed to be concentrated
any pivotal or central idea or group

centerfold /ˈsɛntəfəʊld/ /ˈsɛntɚfoʊld/ n
rozkładówka
single sheet of paper that forms the middle two pages of a magazine

centi- prefix
centy-
10-2

centilitre n
centylitr
1/100 of a litre

centimetre /ˈsɑ̃.-/ /ˈsɒn.-/ /ˈsɛn.tɪ.miː.tə/ n
centymetr
one-hundredth of a metre

centipede /ˈsɛn.tɪ.pid/ n
stonoga parecznik
a segmented arthropod of class Chilopoda

central /ˈsɛntɹəl/ adj
centralny
being in the centre
being very important

central bank n
bank centralny bank emisyjny
the principal monetary authority of a polity

central heating n
centralne ogrzewanie
heating system

central nervous system n
ośrodkowy układ nerwowy
that part of the nervous system comprising the brain, brainstem and spinal cord

central processing unit n
procesor
part of a computer

centralism n
centralizm
system that centralizes

centralization /ˌsɛntɹəlˌaɪˈzeɪʃən/ /ˌsɛntɹəˌlaɪˈzeɪʃən/ n
centralizacja
the act or process of centralizing

centrally /ˈsɛnt.ɹə.li/ adv
centralnie
in a central manner or situation

centre of mass n
barycentrum środek ciężkości
point where the mass can be considered concentrated

centre-back n
stoper
a central defender

centre-left adj
centrolewicowy
leaning to the left but closer to the centre on the left–right political spectrum than other leftist variants

centre-right adj
centroprawicowy
leaning to the right but closer to the centre on the left–right political spectrum than other rightist variants

centrifugal force n
siła odśrodkowa
force

centrifuge /ˈsɛntɹɪˌfjuːdʒ/ n
wirówka centryfuga
device for separation of substances

centriole /ˈsɛntɹɪˌəʊl/ n
centriola
barrel shaped microtubule

centripetal force n
siła dośrodkowa
the force on a rotating or orbiting body in the direction of the centre of rotation

centro- prefix
centro-

centurion /-ɔːɹ.i.ən/ /-ɚ.i.ən/ /sɛnˈtjʊəɹ.i.ən/ /sɛnˈtjʊɹ.i.ən/ /sɛnˈtʃʊəɹ.i.ən/ /sɛnˈtʊɹ.i.ən/ n
centurion
commander of a century of soldiers

century /ˈsɛn(t)ʃ(ə)ɹi/ /ˈsɛnt͡ʃɹi/ /ˈsɛnt͡ʃʊɹi/ n
centuria
Roman army type unit
political division of Rome
wiek stulecie
100 years

cepelinas /(t)sɛpəˈliːnəs/ n
cepelin kartacz

cephalic /sɪˈfælɪk/ /ˈsɛfəlɪk/ adj
głowowy
of or referring to the head

cephalopod /ˈsɛfələpɑd/ /ˈsɛfələpɒd/ n
głowonóg
mollusc

cephalosporin /kɛfələʊˈspɔəɹɪn/ n
cefalosporyna
antibiotic derived from Acremonium fungi

cephalothorax /ˌsɛfələˈθɑɹæks/ /ˌsɛfələˈθɔɹæks/ n
głowotułów
anatomy: fused head and thorax

ceramic /səˈɹæmɪk/ adj
ceramiczny
of or pertaining to ceramic as material

ceramic /səˈɹæmɪk/ n
ceramika
material

ceramics n
ceramika
ceramic objects as a group
the art or science of making ceramic objects

ceramide /ˈsɛɹ.əˌmaɪd/ /ˈsɪɹ.əˌmaɪd/ n
ceramid
lipid

cere /sɪɚ/ n
woskówka
cere

cereal /ˈsɪə.ɹɪ.əl/ /ˈsɪɚ.i.əl/ n
zboże
type of grass
grains of such a grass

cerebellum /ˌsɛ.ɹɪˈbɛl.əm/ /ˌsɛɹ.əˈbɛl.əm/ n
móżdżek
part of the hindbrain in vertebrates

cerebral /səˈɹi.bɹəl/ /səˈɹiː.bɹl̩/ /səˈɹiː.bɹəl/ /ˈsɛ.ɹɪb.ɹl̩/ /ˈsɛ.ɹɪb.ɹəl/ /ˈsɛɹ.əb.ɹəl/ adj
intelektualny
intellectual
mózgowy
of, or relating to the brain

cerebral aqueduct n
wodociąg mózgu
channel in the brain

cerebral cortex n
kora mózgowa kora mózgu
layer of the brain

cerebral hemisphere n
półkula półkula mózgu
region of the brain

cerebral palsy n
porażenie mózgowe
group of non-contagious conditions

ceremony /sɛɹˈɛ.mə.ni/ /ˈsɛɹ.əˌmoʊ.ni/ /ˈsɛɹ.ɪ.mə.ni/ n
ceremonia
official gathering to celebrate
formal socially-established behaviour
ceremonia obrzęd
ritual with religious significance

cerium /ˈsɪəɹiəm/ n
cer
chemical element

certain /ˈsɜːtn̩/ /ˈsɝtn̩/ /ˈsɝtən/ /ˈsɝʔn̩/ adj
jakiś
not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite
pewny
sure, positive, not doubting

certainly /ˈsɜːtn̩li/ /ˈsɝtn̩li/ adv
na pewno zdecydowanie
emphatic affirmative answer
z pewnością pewnie
without doubt, surely

certainty /ˈsɜːtn̩ti/ /ˈsɝtn̩ti/ n
pewność
state of being certain

certificate /səˈtɪf.ɪ.kət/ /səˈtɪf.ɪˌkeɪt/ /sɚˈtɪf.ɪ.kət/ /sɚˈtɪf.ɪˌkeɪt/ n
atest
computing theory: information needed to verify a positive answer to a problem
certyfikat atest
document containing a certified statement

certificate authority n
urząd certyfikacji
computing: an organization that issues digital certificates for use by other parties

certificate of authenticity n
certyfikat autentyczności

certification /ˌsɜːtɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/ /ˌsɝtɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/ [ˌsɝɾɪfɪˈkeɪʃən] n
certyfikacja
act of certifying

certified public accountant n
dyplomowany księgowy

certify /ˈsɜː.tɪ.faɪ/ /ˈsɜː.tɪ.fɑɪ/ /ˈsɝ.tɪ.faɪ/ [ˈsɜː.ɾɪ.faɪ] [ˈsɝ.ɾɪ.faɪ] v
certyfikować
to attest that a product, service, organization, or person has met an official standard

cerulean /səˈɹuːli.ən/ n
modry
sky blue

cerussite n
cerusyt
mineral

cervical /sɜːˈvaɪ.kl̩/ /ˈsɜː.vɪk.l̩/ /ˈsɝ.vɪk.l̩/ adj
szyjny
of the neck

cervical cancer n
rak szyjki macicy
cancer of the cervix

cervical cap n
Diaphragma Wkładka domaciczna
contraceptive device

cervix /ˈsɜː.vɪks/ /ˈsɝ.vɪks/ n
szyjka macicy
lower, narrow portion of the uterus where it joins with the top end of the vagina

cessation /sɛˈseɪʃən/ n
zaprzestanie
a ceasing or discontinuance

cession /ˈsɛʃən/ n
cesja
giving up of rights, property or territory

cesspit /ˈsɛspɪt/ n
szambo
pit for sewage

cesspool /ˈsɛsˌpuːl/ n
szambo
place for sewage
filthy place

cestode /ˈsɛs.təʊd/ /ˈsɛˌstoʊd/ n
tasiemiec
any of various parasitic tapeworms in the Cestoda

cetacean /sɪˈteɪʃən/ n
waleń
an animal belonging to the order Cetacea

cetane n
cetan heksadekan
C16H34

cevapcici n
cevapcici
Balkan dish

cevapi /t͡ʃɛˈvɑːpi/ n
czewapcziczi
Balkan food dish

ceviche /səˈviːt͡ʃeɪ/ n
ceviche
raw seafood cured by marination in an acidic medium

cf. /kəmˈpɛɚ ˌwɪθ/ /siːˈɛf/ v
por.
compare

chacha n
czacza
Georgian grape vodka

chador n
czador czadra
a loose robe worn by Muslim women

chaebol /ˈt͡ʃeɪbʌl/ n
czebol
large, family-controlled Korean business conglomerate

chafe /t͡ʃeɪf/ n
otarcie odparzenie zatarcie
injury or wear caused by friction

chafe /t͡ʃeɪf/ v
być rozdrażnionym
to be vexed; to fret; to be irritated
drażnić dręczyć
to excite passion or anger in
odparzać odparzyć
to fret and wear by rubbing
przecierać wycierać
to rub; to come together so as to wear by rubbing; to wear by friction

chaff /t͡ʃæf/ /t͡ʃɑːf/ n
plewy
inedible parts of grain plant
sieczka
straw or hay cut up for cattle food

chaffinch /ˈt͡ʃæfɪnt͡ʃ/ n
zięba
bird

chagrin /ʃəˈɡɹɪn/ /ˈʃæɡ.ɹɪn/ n
jaszczur szagryn
type of leather or skin
poczucie klęski
distress from failure; vexation or mortification

chaikhana n
czajchana
teahouse

chain /ˈt͡ʃeɪn/ n
sieć łańcuch
series of stores or businesses with the same brand name
łańcuch
totally ordered subset
łańcuch sieć
series of interconnected rings or links
series of interconnected things
number of atoms in a series, which combine to form a molecule

chain /ˈt͡ʃeɪn/ v
skuwać skuć
to link together

chain letter n
łańcuszek
a letter that is mailed successively to different recipients

chain mail n
kolczuga
a flexible defensive armor

chain of command n
hierarchia służbowa
hierarchy in which one rank obeys the one above it

chain reaction n
reakcja łańcuchowa
series of events
type of nuclear reaction

chain smoker n
palacz palaczka
one who habitually smokes a lot

chainsaw /ˈt͡ʃeɪn.ˌsɑ/ /ˈt͡ʃeɪn.ˌsɔ/ /ˈt͡ʃeɪn.ˌsɔː/ n
pilarka łańcuchowa piła łańcuchowa
saw with a power-driven chain

chair /t͡ʃɛə(ɹ)/ /t͡ʃɛɚ/ /t͡ʃɪə(ɹ)/ n
krzesło
furniture

chairlift n
kolej krzesełkowa wyciąg krzesełkowy kolejka krzesełkowa
moving series of open seats

chairman /ˈtʃɛɹ.mən/ /ˈtʃɛːmən/ n
przewodniczący
person presiding over a meeting
przewodniczący prezes
head of a corporate or governmental board

chairperson n
przewodniczący przewodnicząca
a person who presides over a meeting, a board

chairwoman n
przewodnicząca
female chairperson

chaise longue /ˌʃeɪz ˈlɒŋ(ɡ)/ /ˌʃeɪz ˈlɔŋ/ n
szezlong
reclining chair with a long seat

chakra /ˈtʃæ.kɹə/ /ˈtʃʌ.kɹə/ /ˈt͡ʃæ.kɹə/ /ˈt͡ʃɑː.kɹə/ /ˈt͡ʃʌ.kɹə/ n
ćakra czakra czakram
spiritual energy nexuses

chalcedony /kælˈsɛd.ə.ni/ /ˈkæl.səˌdoʊ.ni/ n
chalcedon
form of fine-grained quartz

chalcid /ˈkælsɪd/ n
bleskotka

chalco- /ˈkælkoʊ/ prefix
chalko-

chalcogen n
tlenowiec
any element of group 16 of the periodic table

chalcography n
miedzioryt

chalcopyrite /ˌkæl.kəˈpaɪˌɹaɪt/ n
chalkopiryt
mineral

chalet /ʃæleɪ/ n
koliba chata
type of wooden house

chalice /ˈt͡ʃæl.ɪs/ n
kielich puchar
large drinking cup

chalk /t͡ʃɑk/ /t͡ʃɔk/ /t͡ʃɔːk/ n
kreda
a piece of chalk used for drawing and on a blackboard
a soft, white, powdery limestone
magnezja
… prevent from falling when climbing

chalk and cheese n
powierzchownie podobny
things that are very different

chalkboard /t͡ʃɔk.bɔː(ɹ)d/ /t͡ʃɔːk.bɔː(ɹ)d/ n
tablica
slate board for writing on with chalk

challah /ˈhɑːlə/ /ˈhʌlə/ n
chałka
traditional braided bread

challenge /ˈt͡ʃæl.ənd͡ʒ/ /ˈt͡ʃæl.ɪnd͡ʒ/ n
wyzwanie
difficult task
that which encourages someone to do something they otherwise would not

challenge /ˈt͡ʃæl.ənd͡ʒ/ /ˈt͡ʃæl.ɪnd͡ʒ/ v
ośmielić
to dare someone
wyzwać
to invite someone to take part in a competition
zakwestionować
to dispute something
to make a formal objection to a juror

challenger n
konkurent
one who challenges

challenging /ˈt͡ʃælənd͡ʒɪŋ/ /ˈt͡ʃælɪnd͡ʒɪŋ/ adj
trudny
difficult; hard to do

chamber /ˈtʃeɪmbə(ɹ)/ /ˈt͡ʃeɪmbɚ/ n
izba
legislative body
komnata izba
bedroom
komora izba
part of a firearm holding the round before firing
enclosed space similar to a room

chamber music n
muzyka kameralna kameralistyka
chamber music

chamber of commerce n
izba handlowa
community business association

chamber pot n
nocnik
a container used for urination and defecation

chamberlain /ˈt͡ʃeɪmbəlɪn/ /ˈt͡ʃeɪmbɚlɪn/ n
szambelan
an officer in charge of managing the household of a sovereign

chambermaid /ˈt͡ʃeɪm.bə(ɹ).meɪd/ n
pokojówka
a maid who handles the chores in a bedroom

chameleon /kəˈmi.li.ən/ /kəˈmil.jən/ n
kameleon
reptile
person with inconstant behavior

chamfer /ˈt͡ʃæm.fɚ/ /ˈʃæm.fə/ n
faza
an angled relief or cut at an edge

chamfron /ˈtʃæm.frən/ /ˈt͡ʃam.fɹən/ n
naczółek
armor

chamois /ˈʃæmi/ /ˈʃæmiz/ /ˈʃæmwɑː/ /ˈʃæmwɑːz/ n
giemza
cloth
kozica giemza
goat-like antelope

champagne /ʃæmˈpeɪn/ n
szampan
sparkling white wine produced in Champagne
colour

champagne socialist n
kawiorowa lewica
false socialist

champignon /t͡ʃæmˈpɪnjən/ /ʃæmˈpɪnjən/ n
pieczarka
Agaricus bisporus

champion /ˈt͡ʃæmpiən/ /ˈt͡ʃæmpjən/ n
mistrz mistrzyni zwyciężca
someone who has been winner in a contest

championship /ˈt͡ʃæmpi.ənʃɪp/ n
mistrzostwo
position of champion, or winner
competition to determine a champion

chance /t͡ʃæns/ /t͡ʃɑːns/ [t͡ʃɑːns] [t͡ʃʰans] [t͡ʃʰeəns] [t͡ʃʰäːns] [t͡ʃʰæns] [t͡ʃʰæːns] [t͡ʃʰɐːns] [t͡ʃʰɑːns] [t͡ʃʰɛəns] n
szansa okazja możliwość gratka sposobność
an opportunity or possibility

chancel /ˈtʃɑːnsəl/ /ˈt͡ʃænsəl/ n
prezbiterium
space around the altar in a church

chancellor /-lɚ/ /ˈtʃɑːnslə/ /ˈtʃɑːnsələ/ /ˈt͡ʃænslɚ/ /ˈt͡ʃænsələ/ n
kanclerz kanclerka
head of government in some German-speaking countries

chancroid /ˈʃæŋ.krɔɪd/ n
szankier
disease

chandelier /ˌʃæn.dəˈlɪə(ɹ)/ /ˌʃæn.dəˈlɪɚ/ n
żyrandol
branched, often ornate, lighting fixture suspended from the ceiling

chandler /ˈt͡ʃændlɚ/ /ˈt͡ʃɑːndlɚ/ n
świecarz
person who makes or sells candles

change /t͡ʃeɪnd͡ʒ/ n
bilon
amount of cash
drobne reszta
small denominations of money given in exchange for a larger denomination
przesiadka
a transfer between vehicles
reszta drobne
balance returned after a purchase
zmiana
the process of becoming different
zmiana zamiana
a replacement

change /t͡ʃeɪnd͡ʒ/ v
przebierać przebrać przewinąć przwijać
to replace one's own clothing
przesiadać przesiąść
to transfer to another vehicle
zamieniać zamienić
to replace
zmienić zmieniać
to make something into something else
to become something different

change horses in midstream v
zmieniać plan w połowie zmienić plan w połowie
to change one's plan when an effort is already underway

change of scenery n
zmiana otoczenia

change one's mind v
rozmyślać rozmyślić zmienić zdanie
to decide differently than one had decided before

change the game /ˈt͡ʃeɪn(d͡)ʒ ðə ˈɡeɪm/ /ˈt͡ʃeɪnd͡ʒ ðə ˈɡeɪm/ v
rewolucjonizować zrewolucjonizować
to revolutionize a field of endeavor

changeably adv
zmiennie
In a changeable manner

changing room n
przebieralnia
room in gym, sports center, etc.
przymierzalnia
room in shop

channel /ˈt͡ʃænəl/ n
kanał
broadcasting: specific radio frequency or band of frequencies used for transmitting television
broadcasting: specific radio frequency or band of frequencies
narrow body of water between two land masses
natural or man-made deeper course through shallow body of water
koryto
physical confine of a river or slough

channel /ˈt͡ʃænəl/ v
kierować
direct the flow

chanson /ʃɑ̃.sɔ̃/ n
chanson
French song

chant /t͡ʃænt/ /t͡ʃɑːnt/ v
skandować
utter or repeat in a strongly rhythmical manner

chanterelle /ʃɒntəˈɹɛl/ /ˈtʃæntəɹɛl/ n
pieprznik kurka
Cantharellus cibarius

chaos /ˈkeɪ.ɑs/ /ˈkeɪ.ɒs/ n
chaos
in classical cosmogony
mathematics
chaos bezład
state of disorder

chaos theory n
teoria chaosu
chaos theory

chaotic /keɪˈɑtɪk/ /keɪˈɒtɪk/ [-ɾɪk] adj
chaotyczny
filled with chaos
chaotyczny bezładny
extremely disorganized or in disarray

chaotically adv
bezładnie chaotycznie
In a chaotic manner

chaoticness n
bezładność

chap /t͡ʃæp/ n
gość
man or fellow

chapati /t͡ʃəˈpæti/ /t͡ʃəˈpɑːti/ n
chapati czapati ćapati
an unleavened flatbread

chapbook n
książeczka liryczna
small book

chapel /ˈtʃæ.pəl/ /ˈt͡ʃæ.pəl/ n
kaplica
place of worship

chapel of ease n
kaplica filialna
remote chapel

chapelmaster n
kapelmistrz
director of music in a chapel

chaperone /ˈʃæ.pəˌɹoʊn/ /ˈʃæ.pəˌɹəʊn/ n
białko opiekuńcze
protein that aids in folding other proteins
przyzwoitka
older person who accompanies younger people to ensure good behaviour

chaplain /ˈt͡ʃæp.lɪn/ n
kapelan
member of a religious body

chaplet /ˈt͡ʃæplət/ /ˈt͡ʃæplɪt/ n
różaniec
a string of beads, especially when making up five decades of the rosary

chapped /t͡ʃæpt/ adj
spierzchnięty spierzchły
of skin: dry and flaky

chapter /ˈt͡ʃæptə/ /ˈt͡ʃæptɚ/ n
dział filia
a division of an organization
kapituła
ecclesiastical body
rozdział
section in a book

char /t͡ʃɑɹ/ /t͡ʃɑː/ [t͡ʃɑɹ] [t͡ʃɑ˞] n
sprzątaczka
cleaning woman

char /t͡ʃaɹ/ /t͡ʃɑɹ/ /t͡ʃɑː/ [t͡ʃaɹ] [t͡ʃaː] [t͡ʃa˞] [t͡ʃɑɹ] [t͡ʃɑ˞] v
opalać opalić
to burn slightly
zwęglać zwęglić
to burn something to charcoal

character /ˈkæɹ(ə)ktɚ/ /ˈkæɹəktə/ /ˈkɛɹ(ə)ktɚ/ n
charakter
distinguishing feature
moral strength
(computing) basic element in a text string
charakter usposobienie
complex of mental and ethical traits marking a person or a group
postać charakter
being in a story
znak charakter
symbol or letter

character actor n
aktor charakterystyczny
supporting actor who specializes in playing eccentric or unusual roles

character actress n
aktorka charakterystyczna

character assassination n
oczernianie
malicious discourse designed to damage someone's reputation

characteristic /ˌkæɹəktəˈɹɪstɪk/ /ˌkɛɹəktəˈɹɪstɪk/ adj
charakterystyczny
being a distinguishing feature of a person or thing

characteristic /ˌkæɹəktəˈɹɪstɪk/ /ˌkɛɹəktəˈɹɪstɪk/ n
cecha
distinguishing feature

characteristically adv
charakterystycznie
in a usual or expected way

characteristicness n
charakterystyczność
state or quality of being characteristic

characterize /ˈkæɹəktəɹaɪz/ /ˈkɛɹəktəɹaɪz/ v
barwić charakteryzować
to depict someone or something a particular way

charades n
kalambury
game

charbonnier n
gąska niekształtna
charbonnier, Tricholoma portentosum

charcoal /ˈtʃɑː.kəʊl/ /ˈt͡ʃɑɹ.koʊl/ n
antracyt
colour
węgiel drzewny
substance

chard /t͡ʃɑɹd/ /t͡ʃɑːd/ n
botwina boćwina
Beta vulgaris subsp. cicla

charge /t͡ʃɑɹd͡ʒ/ /t͡ʃɑːd͡ʒ/ n
figura herbowa
heraldry: image displayed on an escutcheon
opłata
amount of money levied for a service
oskarżenie
accusation
podopieczna podopieczny
someone or something entrusted to one's care
szarża
military: ground attack
ładunek
measured amount of explosive
ładunek elektryczny ładunek
electric charge
ładunek szarża
load or burden

charge /t͡ʃɑɹd͡ʒ/ /t͡ʃɑːd͡ʒ/ v
atakować napadać napaść szarżować
military: to attack by moving forward quickly
oskarżać oskarżyć
to formally accuse of a crime
ładować naładować
to add energy to
to cause to take on an electric charge
to load equipment with material required for its use
of a battery or device: to gain energy

charger /ˈtʃɑːdʒə/ /ˈt͡ʃɑɹd͡ʒɚ/ n
rumak
a large horse trained for battle
ładowarka
a device that charges or recharges

chargé d'affaires /ʃɑrˈʒeɪ dəˈfɛɹ/ n
chargé d'affaires
diplomat

chariot /ˈt͡ʃæɹiət/ /ˈt͡ʃæɹɪət/ /ˈt͡ʃɛɹiət/ n
kareta karoca
carriage used for ceremonial or pleasure purposes
rydwan
vehicle used in warfare

charioteer n
furman kierowca rydwanu wozak woźnica
person who drives a chariot

charism n
charyzmat
extraordinary power granted by the Holy Spirit

charisma /kəˈɹɪzmə/ n
charyzma charyzmat
personal charm or magnetism

charismatic /ˌkæɹɪzˈmætɪk/ /ˌkɛɹəzˈmætək/ adj
charyzmatyczny
of, related to, or having charisma
of, related to, or being a member of a form of Christianity

charitable adj
charytatyny
pertaining to charity
charytatywny dobroczynny
having a purpose or character of a charity
dobry miłosierny
kind, generous

charitable organization n
organizacja charytatywna organizacja dobroczynna
organization

charity /ˈtʃæɹɪti/ /ˈt͡ʃɛɹəti/ n
dary pomoc charytatywna
goods or money given
działalność charytatywna charytatywność
providing of goods or money
instytucja charytatywna organizacja charytatywna
organization

charity shop n
sklep charytatywny
shop to where goods are donated

charlatan /ˈʃɑɹlətən/ /ˈʃɑːlətən/ n
szarlatan
malicious trickster

charlock n
gorczyca polna ognicha modrych rzepnica świerzop świrzepa
Sinapis arvensis

charm /tʃɑːm/ /t͡ʃɑɹm/ n
talizman
a small trinket on a bracelet or chain
urok
quality of inspiring delight or admiration
urok zaklęcie
something with magic power

charm /tʃɑːm/ /t͡ʃɑɹm/ v
oczarować
seduce, entrance or fascinate
zaczarować
use a magical charm

charmer /ˈt͡ʃɑɹmɚ/ n
czaruś
a charming person
zaklinacz
an enchanter or magician

charming /ˈtʃɑː(ɹ).mɪŋ/ adj
uroczy
pleasant, charismatic

charnel house n
karner
vault or other building in which the bones of the dead are stored

charoite n
czaroit

chart of accounts n
plan kont

charter /ˈt͡ʃɑɹtɚ/ /ˈt͡ʃɑːtə/ n
czarter
a contract for the commercial leasing of a vessel
karta statut
document issued by some authority, creating a public or private institution, and defining its purposes and privileges

chartwork n
używanie map
the navigational use of charts

charwoman n
sprzątaczka
cleaning lady

chase /t͡ʃeɪs/ n
pogoń
action of the verb "to chase"

chase /t͡ʃeɪs/ v
gonić gnać ścigać
to pursue, to follow at speed

chase after v
biegać
to woo

chaser /ˈtʃeɪsə/ /ˈt͡ʃeɪsɚ/ n
popitka
a mild drink consumed immediately after another drink of hard liquor

chasmophyte /ˈkæzməʊfaɪt/ n
chasmofit
plant

chassis /ˈt͡ʃæsi/ /ˈt͡ʃæsiz/ /ˈʃæsi/ /ˈʃæsiz/ /ˈʃæzi/ n
obudowa
frame or housing containing electrical or mechanical equipment
podwozie
base frame of motor vehicle

chaste /t͡ʃeɪst/ /t͡ʃæst/ adj
cnotliwy
abstaining from sexual intercourse

chaste tree n
niepokalanek
shrub

chastity /ˈt͡ʃastɪti/ /ˈt͡ʃeɪstɪti/ /ˈt͡ʃæstɪti/ [ˈt͡ʃæstɪɾi] n
czystość
abstaining from sexual activity

chastity belt n
pas cnoty
belt-like garment

chastushka n
czastuszka
Russian or Ukrainian folk poem

chasuble /ˈt͡ʃæsəbəl/ /ˈt͡ʃæzjʊbəl/ /ˈt͡ʃæzəbəl/ n
ornat
liturgical vestment

chat /t͡ʃæt/ n
czat
exchange of text or voice messages in real time
pogawędka
informal conversation

chat /t͡ʃæt/ v
gadać gawędzić
be engaged in informal conversation

chat room n
chatroom
website

chateaubriand /ʃæˌtoʊbɹiˈɑ̃/ /ʃæˌtoʊbɹiˈɔ̃/ /ˌʃatəʊˈbɹiːɒ̃/ n
chateaubriand szatobriand
steak cut from a beef tenderloin

chattel /ˈt͡ʃæt.l̩/ n
majątek ruchomy ruchomość
tangible, movable property
niewolnik
slave

chatter /ˈtʃætə/ /ˈt͡ʃætɚ/ n
terkot
sound of talking

chatter /ˈtʃætə/ /ˈt͡ʃætɚ/ v
bajczyć
talk idly
szczękać szczęknąć
make a chattering noise

chatterbox n
gaduła
one who chats or talks to excess

chauffeur /ʃoʊˈfɝ/ /ʃɒˈfɜː/ /ˈʃoʊfɚ/ /ˈʃəʊfə/ n
szofer szoferka
person employed to drive a motor car

chauvinism /ˈʃoʊ.vɪˌnɪzm̩/ /ˈʃəʊ.və.nɪ.zəm/ /ˈʃəʊ.vɪ.nɪ.zəm/ n
szowinizm
excessive patriotism
unwarranted bias

chauvinist n
szowinista szowinistka
chauvinist person

chauvinistic adj
szowinistyczny
of or pertaining to chauvinism or chauvinists

chav /t͡ʃæv/ n
dres dresiara dresiarz
relating to a youth from a working class background, aggressive with poor education

chavette /t͡ʃæˈvɛt/ n
dresiara
a female chav

chayote /t͡ʃɑˈjoʊti/ /ˈtʃeɪəʊti/ n
kolczoch
fruit
plant

cheap /t͡ʃip/ /t͡ʃiːp/ adj
tandetny
of little worth
tandetny tani
of poor quality
tani
slang: underhand or unfair in game
tani niedrogi
low and/or reduced in price

cheaply /ˈt͡ʃiːpli/ adv
tanio
in a cheap manner

cheat /t͡ʃiːt/ n
cheat czit kod
unfair advantage in a computer game
oszust oszustka zdrajca zdrajczyni
someone who is dishonest or cheats

cheat /t͡ʃiːt/ v
oszukiwać
violate rules to gain advantage
zdradzać
being unfaithful to sexual partner

cheat day n
cheat day

cheat on v
zdradzać
be unfaithful to

cheat sheet n
ściągawka ściąga ściągaczka
sheet of paper used to assist on a test

cheating /ˈt͡ʃiːtɪŋ/ n
cheatowanie czitowanie oszukiwanie oszustwo
act of deception, fraud, trickery, imposture, or imposition

check /t͡ʃɛk/ [t͡ʃɛk̚] n
inspekcja sprawdzenie
inspection or examination
kontrola
control, limit or stop
parafka znaczek
mark used as an indicator
rachunek
bill, particularly at a restaurant
szach
chess: when the king is directly threatened by an enemy piece
kratka
pattern

check /t͡ʃɛk/ [t͡ʃɛk̚] v
odfajkować odhaczyć zaptaszkować zaznaczyć
to mark with a checkmark
skontrolować
to control, limit, or halt
sprawdzić
to inspect, examine
to verify or compare with a source of information
szachować
chess: to make a move which puts an adversary's king in check

check in v
meldować się zameldować się
to record one's arrival

check out v
badać obczaić obczajać sprawdzić zbadać
to examine, inspect, look at closely
wymeldować się
to pay when leaving

check up v
sprawdzać

checkerboard n
szachownica
pattern of squares of alternating colours

checkered adj
kraciasty w kratkę
divided into squares

checklist /ˈt͡ʃɛklɪst/ n
lista kontrolna
list of things to be verified

checkmate /ˈt͡ʃɛkmeɪt/ interjection
mat szach mat szach i mat
said when making the conclusive move in chess

checkmate /ˈt͡ʃɛkmeɪt/ n
mat
conclusive victory in a game of chess

checkmate /ˈt͡ʃɛkmeɪt/ v
dać mata zamatować
to put an opponent into checkmate

checkout n
kasa
supermarket checkout position

checkpoint n
punkt kontrolny
point along a road or on a frontier
video games

checks and balances n
mechanizm kontroli i równowagi
system for balancing the powers between branches of government

checksum n
suma kontrolna
number serving to detect error

checkup n
kontrola kontrolne badanie lekarskie wizyta kontrolna
physical checkup

cheddar /ˈt͡ʃɛdə(ɹ)/ n
cheddar czedar
cheese

cheddary adj
cheddarowy

cheder n
cheder
school

cheek /t͡ʃiːk/ n
policzek
part of face

cheekbone n
kość policzkowa
bone

cheer on v
dopingować kibicować
to cheer and support

cheer up v
rozweselić
to make someone happy

cheerio /ˈtʃɪəɹ.i.əʊ/ /ˈt͡ʃɪəɹ.i.oʊ/ [ˈt͡ʃiɹi.oʊ̯] interjection
cześć pa

cheerleader n
czirliderka cheerleaderka
person (usually female) who encourages applause

cheers /tʃɪəz/ /t͡ʃɪɹz/ interjection
cześć
informal: goodbye
dzięki
informal: thank you
na zdrowie
toast when drinking

cheese /t͡ʃiz/ /t͡ʃiːz/ n
ser
dairy product
countable: any particular variety of cheese

cheese it phraseologicalUnit
dać dyla
a warning to stop, hide, or flee

cheese knife n
nóż do sera
knife for cutting cheese

cheese sauce n
sos serowy
sauce made by melting cheese

cheese wire n
drut na ser

cheeseburger n
cheeseburger
hamburger with cheese

cheesecake /ˈt͡ʃizˌkeɪk/ /ˈt͡ʃiːzˌkeɪk/ /ˈt͡ʃɛzˌkeɪk/ /ˈt͡ʃɪzˌkeɪk/ n
sernik
dessert food

cheesecloth n
etamina
loosely woven cotton gauze

cheesemaker n
serowar
person skilled in making cheese

cheesemaking n
serowarstwo
production or making of cheese

cheeser /ˈt͡ʃizɚ/ /ˈt͡ʃiːzə/ n
banan
smile

cheesesteak n
cheesesteak

cheesy /ˈt͡ʃiːzi/ adj
kiczowaty
overdramatic, clichéd
serowy
of cheese

cheetah /ˈt͡ʃiːtɑ/ /ˈt͡ʃiːtə/ n
gepard
Acinonyx jubatus

chef /ʃɛf/ n
szef kuchni kuchmistrz kuchmistrzyni szefowa kuchni
head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant

chef's knife n
nóż kucharski
kitchen utensil

chela /ˈkilə/ n
szczypce
pincer-like claw of a crustacean or arachnid

chelicera /kəˈlɪ.sə.ɹə/ n
szczękoczułek
chelicera

chelone n
żółwik
genus of four species of plants

chemical /ˈkɛmɪkəl/ adj
chemiczny
relating to chemistry

chemical bomb n
bomba chemiczna bomba gazowa

chemical bond n
wiązanie chemiczne
any of binding forces

chemical castration n
kastracja chemiczna
medical treatment to inhibit the function of a man's testes

chemical composition n
skład chemiczny
information about the elements of a compound

chemical compound n
związek chemiczny
in chemistry: substance formed by the union of two or more chemical elements

chemical element n
pierwiastek chemiczny
any one of the simplest chemical substances that cannot be decomposed in a chemical reaction

chemical property n
właściwość chemiczna
any of a material's properties that becomes evident during a chemical reaction

chemical weapon n
broń chemiczna
noxious substance in a delivery system

chemise /ʃəˈmiːz/ n
halka
a loose-fitting undergarment

chemist /ˈkɛmɪst/ n
chemik chemiczka
person working in chemistry

chemistry /ˈkɛm.ɪ.stɹi/ n
chemia
branch of natural science
mutual attraction between two people
application of chemical theory and method to a particular substance
chemio- chemo-
as modifier: relating to or using chemistry

chemo- /kimoʊ/ /kɛmoʊ/ prefix
chemo-
relating to or using chemicals or chemistry

chempedak n
chempedak
fruit

chemsex n
chemseks
sexual intercourse under influence

cheque /t͡ʃɛk/ n
czek
a note promising to pay money to a named person or entity

chequebook n
książeczka czekowa
folder containing cheques

chermoula n
chermoula

chernozem /ˈt͡ʃɜː(ɹ)nəˌzɛm/ n
czarnoziem
black-coloured soil containing a high percentage of humus

cherry /ˈt͡ʃɛɹi/ adj
wiśniowy
flavour

cherry /ˈt͡ʃɛɹi/ n
czereśnia wiśnia
fruit
wiśnia
tree
wiśnia czereśnia
wood
wiśniowy wiśnia
color

cherry blossom n
kwiat wiśni
blossom of the cherry tree

cherry plum n
ałycza
the fruit
ałycza śliwa wiśniowa
Prunus cerasifera

cherry tomato n
pomidorek koktajlowy
a type of small tomato

chert /t͡ʃɜːt/ /t͡ʃɝt/ n
rogowiec
mineral

cherub /ˈt͡ʃɛ.ɹəb/ n
cherub cherubin
(biblical) winged creature attending on God
cherubin cherub
person seen as being particularly angelic or innocent

chervil /ˈt͡ʃɜː(ɹ)vɪl/ n
trybula
spice
plant

chervonets n
czerwoniec
former Russian currency, usually ten roubles

chess /t͡ʃɛs/ n
szachy
two-player board game

chess boxing n
szachoboks szachowy boks
hybrid sport involving alternating rounds of chess and boxing

chess clock n
zegar szachowy
clock system used in chess games

chess piece n
bierka
any of the 16 white and 16 black pieces used in playing the game of chess

chess player n
szachista szachistka
a person who plays chess

chessboard n
szachownica
square board used in the game of chess

chest /t͡ʃɛst/ /t͡ʃɪst/ n
fundusz
treasury
klatka piersiowa
thorax
komoda
chest of drawers
skrzynia kufer
strong box

chest freezer n
zamrażarka skrzyniowa

chest of drawers n
komoda
furniture for the storage of clothes

chest voice n
rejestr piersiowy
voice of thick register

chestnut /ˈt͡ʃɛs.nʌt/ /ˈt͡ʃɛst.nʌt/ n
kasztan
nut of the chestnut tree
wood of a chestnut tree

chestnut tree /ˈtʃɛsnʌt ˌtɹiː/ n
kasztan
tree that bears chestnuts

chestnut-backed antshrike n
chronka rdzawogrzbieta
Thamnophilus palliatus

chestnut-bellied tit n
sikora kasztanowata
Sittiparus castaneoventris

chestnut-eared bunting n
trznadel rdzawouchy
Emberiza fucata

chevron /ˈʃɛvɹən/ n
krokiew
heraldry: wide inverted V
szewron krokiew
V-shaped pattern

chevrotain /ˈʃɛvɹə(ʊ)teɪn/ /ˈʃɛvɹəˌteɪn/ n
kanczyl
any of several small hornless ruminants of the family Tragulidae

chew /tʃuʊ̯/ /tʃuː/ /tʃɪʊ̯/ /t͡ʃu/ v
żuć przeżuwać
to crush food with teeth prior to swallowing

chewing gum n
guma do żucia guma
flavoured preparation for chewing

chewing tobacco n
tytoń do żucia żujka
tobacco placed between cheek and gum

chez /ʃeɪ/ preposition
u
at/in the home of

chi /kaɪ/ n
chi
Greek letter

chi /t͡ʃiː/ n
chi
the fundamental life-force or energy

chia /ˈt͡ʃiː.ə/ n
chia szałwia hiszpańska
Salvia hispanica

chia seed n
nasiona chia
seed

chiaroscuro /kɪˌɑːɹəˈskʊəɹəʊ/ /ˌkjɑɹəˈsk(j)ʊɹoʊ/ n
światłocień chiaroscuro
artistic technique using exaggerated light contrasts

chiasmus /kaɪˈæzməs/ n
chiazm
(rhetoric) an inversion of the relationship between the elements of phrases

chic /ʃik/ /ʃiːk/ adj
szykowny elegancki
elegant, stylish

chicane /t͡ʃɪˈkeɪn/ /ʃɪˈkeɪn/ n
szykana
motor racing: double bend or obstacle designed to prevent unsafe speeds

chicanery /ʃɪˈkeɪn(ə)ɹi/ n
krętactwo matactwo
deception by use of trickery

chick /t͡ʃɪk/ n
kurczak kurczątko
young chicken
laska
young woman
pisklę
young bird

chickadee /ˈt͡ʃɪ.kəˌdi/ n
sikora
songbird

chicken /ˈt͡ʃɪkɪn/ n
kurczak kura
meat
bird
tchórz
coward

chicken Kiev n
de volaille dewolaj

chicken farmer n
hodowca drobiu
farmer who keeps chickens

chicken nugget n
nugget
piece of chicken in batter

chicken out v
stchórzyć tchórzyć
shy away from a daring task

chicken pox n
ospa wietrzna
disease

chicken scratch n
pisanie jak kura pazurem
informal: illegible handwriting

chicken soup n
rosół
soup with chicken as main ingredient

chickling vetch n
groszek siewny
plant with edible seeds similar to peas

chickpea /ˈt͡ʃɪkˌpiː/ n
ciecierzyca ciecierzyca pospolita
seed
plant

chickweed n
gwiazdnica
herb

chicory /ˈ t͡ʃɪkəɹi/ /ˈtʃɪkəɹi/ /ˈtʃɪkɹi/ n
cykoria
common chicory (Cichorium intybus)

chide / t͡ʃaɪd/ v
besztać strofować zbesztać łajać
loudly admonish

chief /t͡ʃiːf/ n
głowica
heraldic term
szef kierownik naczelnik
head of an organization
wódz
leader of group, etc.

chief executive officer n
dyrektor zarządzający dyrektor generalny prezes
highest-ranking corporate officer

chief information officer n
kierownik do spraw informatyki
person in charge of the technical affairs of a business

chief of staff n
szef kancelarii
head of political department

chief operating officer n
dyrektor operacyjny
a corporate officer responsible for executing decisions of CEO

chiefly /ˈtʃiːf.li/ adv
głównie
mainly or principally, almost entirely
przede wszystkim
especially or primarily; above all

chieftain /ˈt͡ʃiːf.tən/ /ˈt͡ʃiːf.tɪn/ n
wódz
A leader of a clan or tribe

chiffchaff /ˈt͡ʃɪf.t͡ʃæf/ n
pierwiosnek
Phylloscopus collybita

chiffon /ʃɪˈfɑn/ /ˈʃɪfɑn/ n
szyfon
sheer silk or rayon fabric

child /t͡ʃaɪld/ [t͡ʃaɪ̯ɫd] [ˈt͡ʃaɪ̯.ɫ̩d] n
dziecko
a minor
(computing) object which has a subservient or derivative role relative to another object
dziecko dziecię
child; daughter, son, someone's child

child benefit n
zasiłek na dziecko zasiłek rodzinny
payment for each child

child labour n
praca dzieci
work performed by children

child molester n
pedofil
someone who has sexually abused a minor

child pornography n
pornografia dziecięca
pornographic materials depicting minors

child prodigy n
cudowne dziecko dziecko szczęścia
talented young person

child prostitution n
dziecięca prostytucja
use of a child for sexual activities for profit

child safety seat n
fotelik samochodowy fotelik fotelik dziecięcy
a car safety restraint designed for infants and young children

child's play n
dziecinada pikuś
something particularly simple or easy

childbirth n
poród
act of giving birth

childhood /ˈt͡ʃaɪldhʊd/ n
dzieciństwo
time when one is a child
state of being a child

childhood memory n
wspomnienie z dzieciństwa
a memory formed during childhood

childish /ˈt͡ʃaɪldɪʃ/ adj
dziecinny infantylny
behaving immaturely
dziecięcy
suitable for a child

childishly adv
dziecinnie
in a childish manner

childless adj
bezdzietny bezpotomny
not having any children

childlessly adv
bezdzietnie bezpotomnie

childlessness n
bezdzietność bezpotomność
state of being childless

childminder n
opiekunka do dziecka
person who looks after other people's children

childrearing /ˈt͡ʃaɪldˌɹɪəɹɪŋ/ n
wychowanie dzieci wychowywanie dzieci
raising of children

children should be seen and not heard proverb
dzieci i ryby głosu nie mają
children should be quiet

children's home n
dom dziecka
public institution for care of children

children's rights n
prawa dzieci

chili /ˈt͡ʃɪli/ /ˈt͡ʃɪliː/ n
chili
spicy fresh or dried fruit of capsicum
spice

chili pepper n
papryka chili
fruit

chili powder n
chili
pulverized dry chilis

chiliagon /ˈkɪliəɡən/ n
tysiącokąt
1000-sided polygon

chiliahedron /kɪlɪəˈhiːdɹən/ n
1000[[ściana|-ościan]]
polyhedron with a thousand faces

chiliasm /ˈkɪ.lɪæ.z(ə)m/ n
chiliazm millenaryzm
belief in an earthly thousand-year period of peace and prosperity

chill out v
rozluźnić się uspokoić się wyluzować wyluzować się zrelaksować się
relax or take time out

chiller /ˈt͡ʃɪlɚ/ n
agregat chłodniczy
machine that produces cold air

chimaera n
chimera przeraza
fish

chime in v
przytakiwać przytaknąć
To agree, to harmonize, to concord

chimera /kaɪˈmɪɹə/ /kəˈmɪɹə/ /kɪˈmɪəɹə/ /kʌɪˈmɪəɹə/ n
chimera
foolish thought, product of the imagination
organism with genetically distinct cells from two or more zygotes
chimera przeraza
fish in the subclass Holocephali

chimney /ˈt͡ʃɪmni/ /ˈt͡ʃɪməni/ n
komin dymnik
vertical tube or hollow column; a flue

chimney fire n
pożar w kominie

chimney sweep n
kominiarz
occupation

chimney swift n
kominiarczyk amerykański
Chaetura pelagica

chimneyless adj
bezkominowy

chimpanzee /t͡ʃɪmˈpæn.zi/ /ˌt͡ʃɪm.pænˈziː/ /ˌt͡ʃɪm.pənˈziː/ n
szympans
any hominid of the genus Pan
szympans szympans zwyczajny
Pan troglodytes

chin /t͡ʃɪn/ n
broda podbródek
bottom of a face

chin up phraseologicalUnit
głowa do góry
cheer up

chinchilla /t͡ʃɪnˈt͡ʃɪlə/ n
szynszyla
rodent

chine /t͡ʃaɪn/ n
obło
angle in the hull

chink /t͡ʃɪŋk/ n
szczelina szpara
narrow opening

chinoiserie /ʃiːnwɑːzəˈɹiː/ n
chinoiserie
art: style or object that reflects Chinese influence

chinstrap n
pasek pod brodę
strip used to fasten a hat or helmet under the chin

chinstrap penguin n
pingwin antarktyczny pingwin maskowy
Pygoscelis antarcticus

chip /t͡ʃɪp/ n
chips czips
thin, crisp, fried piece of potato or vegetable
czip chip kość scalak
integrated circuit
lob
shot during which the ball travels more predominantly upwards than in a regular shot
odłamek
small piece broken off
szczerba
damaged area of a surface
żeton
token used in gambling

chip off the old block n
wykapana matka wykapany ojciec
someone who takes after a parent

chip shot n
babol kartofel szmata
sports, an easy goal

chipmunk /ˈt͡ʃɪp.mʌŋk/ n
pręgowiec
squirrel-like rodent

chipset n
chipset
group of integrated circuits

chirality /kaɪˈɹælɪti/ n
chiralność
handedness in chemistry, physic and mathematics

chiro- prefix
chiro-

chirograph n
cyrograf

chiropractic n
chiropraktyka
system of health care

chiropractor /ˈkaɪ.ɹəˌpɹæk.tə(ɹ)/ n
kręgarz chiropraktyk
chiropractor

chirotope n
chiralny matroid

chirp /t͡ʃɘːp/ /t͡ʃɚp/ /t͡ʃɜːp/ n
świergot
birds

chirp /t͡ʃɘːp/ /t͡ʃɚp/ /t͡ʃɜːp/ v
świergotać
birds

chisel /ˈt͡ʃɪzəl/ n
dłuto przecinak
tool consisting of a slim oblong block of metal

chisel /ˈt͡ʃɪzəl/ v
cyzelować wycyzelować
to work something with a chisel

chit /t͡ʃɪt/ n
kartka
scrap of paper with a hand-written note

chitinous /ˈkaɪtɪnəs/ adj
chitynowy
made of, pertaining to, or resembling chitin

chiton /ˈkaɪtn̩/ /ˈkaɪtɑn/ /ˈkaɪtɒn/ n
chiton
Greek tunic
mollusc

chitosan n
chitozan
oligosaccharide

chivalry /ˈt͡ʃɪvəlɹi/ /ˈʃɪvəlɹi/ n
rycerskość
ethical code
Courteous behavior, especially that of men towards women

chive /t͡ʃaɪv/ n
szczypiorek
chives: herb
szczypiorek szczypior czosnek szczypiorek
plant

chlamydia /kləˈmɪd.i.ə/ n
chlamydia
sexually transmitted disease

chlorate n
chloran
any salt of chloric acid

chlorhexidine n
chloroheksydyna

chloric adj
chlorowy
compounds

chloric acid n
kwas chlorowy
HClO₃

chloride /ˈklɔɹˌaɪd/ /ˈklɔːˌɹaɪd/ n
chlorek
any salt of hydrochloric acid

chlorinate /ˈklɒ.ɹɪ.neɪt/ v
chlorować
to add chlorine to

chlorine /ˈklɔɹin/ /ˈklɔːɹiːn/ n
chlor
chemical element

chlorine dioxide n
dwutlenek chloru
gas ClO₂

chlorine trifluoride n
trifluorek chloru
gaseous compound

chlorite /ˈklɔɹˌaɪt/ /ˈklɔːˌɹaɪt/ /ˈklɔːˌɹʌɪt/ n
chloryn
salt of chlorous acid
chloryt
mineral

chloro- prefix
chloro-
chemistry: containing chlorine
meaning green

chloroform /ˈklɔːɹə(ʊ)ˌfɔː(ɹ)m/ n
chloroform
(chemistry) an anesthetic

chloroform /ˈklɔːɹə(ʊ)ˌfɔː(ɹ)m/ v
chloroformować
to treat with chloroform, or to render unconscious with chloroform

chlorophyll /ˈklɒɹ.ə.fɪl/ /ˈklɔɹ.ə.fɪl/ /ˈklɔː.ɹə.fɪl/ n
chlorofil
green pigment

chlorophyte n
zielenica
green alga

chloroplast /ˈklɔːrəʊˌplæst/ n
chloroplast
photosynthetic organelle

chlorosis n
chloroza bladaczka blednica
yellow-green colouration of the skin

choana /ˈkoʊ.ən.ə/ n
nozdrza tylne

chock /tʃɒk/ /t͡ʃɑk/ n
klin
object used as a wedge or filler

chocolate /t͡ʃɔk(ə)lət/ /ˈt͡ʃɑk(ə)lɪt/ /ˈt͡ʃɒk(ə)lət/ /ˈt͡ʃɒk(ə)lɪt/ /ˈt͡ʃɔk(ə)lət/ /ˈt͡ʃɔk(ə)lɪt/ /ˈt͡ʃɔːk(ə)lət/ adj
czekoladowy czekolada
colour
made of or containing chocolate

chocolate /t͡ʃɔk(ə)lət/ /ˈt͡ʃɑk(ə)lɪt/ /ˈt͡ʃɒk(ə)lət/ /ˈt͡ʃɒk(ə)lɪt/ /ˈt͡ʃɔk(ə)lət/ /ˈt͡ʃɔk(ə)lɪt/ /ˈt͡ʃɔːk(ə)lət/ n
czekolada
food made from ground roasted cocoa beans
colour
pralinka czekoladka
small piece of confectionery made from chocolate

chocolate bar n
tabliczka czekolady
of chocolate

chocolate hot dog n
balas

chocolate truffle n
trufel trufla
type of confection

choice /t͡ʃɔɪs/ adj
wyborowy
especially good or preferred

choice /t͡ʃɔɪs/ n
wybór
option or decision
selection or preference
anything that can be chosen
definite: best or most preferable part

choir /kwaɪə(ɹ)/ /kwaɪɚ/ n
chór
singing group
part of a church for choir assembly
a rank or order of angels

choirmaster n
chórmistrz
the musical director of a choir, who conducts performances and supervises rehearsal

choke /t͡ʃoʊk/ /t͡ʃəʊk/ n
ssanie
control on a carburetor
uścisk
type of hold in wrestling etc.

choke /t͡ʃoʊk/ /t͡ʃəʊk/ v
dusić dławić krztusić udusić zadławić zakrztusić
be unable to breathe because of obstruction of the windpipe
dusić udusić
prevent someone from breathing by strangling them

chokeberry n
aronia
deciduous shrub in genus Aronia
fruit of such a shrub

choker /ˈtʃəʊkə/ /ˈt͡ʃoʊkɚ/ n
choker
jewelry or accessory
dusiciel dusicielka
one who chokes another

chole- prefix
chole-
relating to bile or the bile ducts

cholecalciferol n
cholekalcyferol
Vitamin D₃

cholecystectomy n
cholecystektomia
surgical procedure

cholent /ˈt͡ʃoʊlənt/ n
czulent
meat stew

cholera /ˈkɑləɹə/ /ˈkɒləɹə/ n
cholera
infectious disease

cholesterol /kəˈlɛstəɹɒl/ /kəˈlɛstɹɒl/ n
cholesterol
an essential component of mammalian cell membranes

choline /ˈkoʊliːn/ n
cholina
organic chemistry: a compound

chondrite /ˈkɒndɹaɪt/ n
chondryt
meteorite

chondro- prefix
chondro-

chondrocytic adj
dotyczący chondrocytów

chondroinduction n
indukcja chrząstki

choo-choo train n
ciuchcia
train

choose /t͡ʃuːz/ v
wybierać wybrać
to pick
to elect

choosy adj
wybredny
taking care when choosing that what is chosen best suits one's tastes, desires or requirements

chop /t͡ʃɑp/ /t͡ʃɒp/ n
kotlet bitka
cut of meat

chop /t͡ʃɑp/ /t͡ʃɒp/ v
siekać kroić pokroić
to cut into pieces

chop suey n
chop suey
Cantonese dish

chop-chop interjection
raz-dwa szybciej
hurry up

chopper /ˈtʃɒp.ə/ /ˈtʃɔp.ə/ /ˈt͡ʃɑ.pɚ/ n
tasak
knife for chopping food

chopping board n
deska do krojenia
sturdy board, upon which one chops and prepares food

chopstick n
pałeczka
single eating utensil

choral /ˈkɔɹəl/ /ˈkɔːɹəl/ adj
chóralny
of or relating to a choir or chorus

chorale /kɔːˈɹɑːl/ n
chorał
hymn tune

chord /kɔɹd/ /kɔː(ɹ)d/ n
akord
combination of three or more notes
cięciwa
straight line

chord progression n
progresja sekwencja
movement of chords

chordate /ˈkɔːdeɪt/ /ˈkɔːɹdeɪt/ n
strunowiec
a member of the phylum Chordata

chore /t͡ʃo(ː)ɹ/ /t͡ʃoə/ /t͡ʃɔɹ/ /t͡ʃɔː/ n
zadanie
a difficult, unpleasant, or routine task

chorea /kəˈɹi.ə/ /kəˈɹiːə/ [kʰɵˈɹi.ə] [kʰɵˈɹiːə] n
pląsawica
disease of the nervous system

choreographer n
choreograf choreografka
person who choreographs

choreography /ˌkɒɹiˌɒɡɹəfi/ /ˌkɔɹiˌɑɡɹəfi/ n
choreografia
art

chorion /ˈkɔɹiɑn/ n
kosmówka
one of the membranes surrounding a fetus

chorister /ˈkwæɹɪstəɹ/ /ˈkwɒɹɪstəɹ/ /ˈkwɪɹɪstəɹ/ /ˈkɒɹɪstə(ɹ)/ /ˈkɔɹɪstɚ/ n
chórzysta chórzystka
singer in a choir

chorizo /tʃəˈɹisoʊ/ /t͡ʃoʊˈɹisoʊ/ /t͡ʃoʊˈɹiθoʊ/ /t͡ʃɒˈɹiː.zəʊ/ /t͡ʃɒˈɹiːsəʊ/ /t͡ʃɒˈɹiːθəʊ/ /t͡ʃəˈɹi.tsəʊ/ /t͡ʃəˈɹi.zoʊ/ /t͡ʃəˈɹɪtsəʊ/ n
chorizo
type of sausage

chorography n
chorografia

choroid /ˈkɒɹ.ɔɪd/ /ˈkɔɹˌɔɪd/ /ˈkɔː.ɹɔɪd/ n
naczyniówka
vascular layer of the eye

chorus /ˈkɔɹaɪ/ /ˈkɔɹəs/ /ˈkɔːɹaɪ/ /ˈkɔːɹəs/ n
chór
group of singers performing together
(Ancient Greece, historical) group of singers and dancers in a theatrical performance or religious festival who commented on the main performance in speech or song
group of people in a performance who recite together
chórek
feature or setting in electronic music that makes one instrument sound like many
refren
part of a song repeated between verses

chosen one n
wybraniec
character destined to save the world

chough /t͡ʃʌf/ n
skałowron
white-winged chough
wrończyk
bird of Pyrrhocorax

choux pastry /ʃuː ˈpeɪstɹi/ n
ciasto parzone
light pastry

chow down v
ojebać opierdalać opierdolić rąbać zajadać
to eat vigorously

chrematonym /kɹɪˈmætənɪm/ n
chrematonim

chrestomathy /kɹɛˈstɒməθi/ n
chrestomatia
collection of written passages, used to learn an unfamiliar language

chrism /ˈkɹɪz(ə)m/ n
krzyżmo
mixture of oil and balm

christening /ˈkɹɪs.ə.nɪŋ/ n
chrzest chrzciny
Christian sacrament

chromatid /ˈkɹəʊmətɪd/ n
chromatyda

chromato- prefix
chromato- chromo-

chromatogenous /kɹoʊ.mə.ˈtɑ.d͡ʒə.nəs/ /kɹoʊ.mə.ˈtɒd͡ʒ.ə.nəs/ adj
barwnikotwórczy

chrome /kɹoʊm/ /kɹəʊm/ v
chromować pochromować
to plate with chrome

chromium /ˈkɹoʊ.mi.əm/ n
chrom
chemical element

chromo- prefix
chromato- chromo-
color

chromosomal adj
chromosomalny chromosomowy
of, or relating to chromosomes

chromosome /ˈkɹoʊməˌsoʊm/ /ˈkɹoʊməˌzoʊm/ /ˈkɹəʊ.məˌsəʊm/ /ˈkɹəʊ.məˌzəʊn/ n
chromosom
structure in the cell nucleus

chromosphere n
chromosfera
the faint pink extension of a star's atmospheric envelope

chromospheric adj
chromosferyczny
of or pertaining to the chromosphere

chronic /ˈkɹɒnɪk/ adj
chroniczny
that continues over an extended period of time
chroniczny przewlekły
medical: prolonged or slow to heal

chronicle /ˈkrɑnɪkl̩/ /ˈkɹɒnɪkəl/ n
kronika
a written account

chrono- prefix
chrono-
relation to time

chronobiology n
biorytmologia chronobiologia
study of the effects of time on biological systems

chronoception /ˌkɹoʊ-/ /ˌkɹɑnoʊˈsɛpʃ(ə)n/ /ˌkɹɒnəʊˈsɛpʃn̩/ /ˌkɹəʊ-/ n
percepcja czasu
perception or sense of time

chronolatry /kɹəʊˈnɒlətɹɪ/ /kɹəˈnɒlətɹi/ /ˌkɹəˈnɑlətɹi/ n
chronolatria
worship of time

chronological /ˌkɹɒnəˈlɒd͡ʒɪkəl/ adj
chronologiczny
in order of time from the earliest to the latest

chronologically /ˌkɹɒnəˈlɒdʒɪkli/ /ˌkɹɒnəˈlɒdʒɪkəli/ adv
chronologicznie
in a chronological manner

chronology /kɹəˈnɑl.ə.d͡ʒi/ /kɹəˈnɒl.ə.d͡ʒi/ n
chronologia
determining the order of events (an auxiliary science of history)
arrangement into chronological order

chronometer /kɹəˈnɑ.mə.tɚ/ /kɹəˈnɒm.ə.tə(ɹ)/ /kɹəˈnɔm.ə.tə(ɹ)/ [kɹəˈnɑ.mə.ɾɚ] n
chronometr czasomierz
device for measuring time, particularly time of day

chronourbanism n
cronourbanismo

chrysalis /ˈkɹɪsəlɪs/ n
poczwarka
the pupa of a butterfly or moth

chrysanthemum /krɪˈsænθəməm/ n
złocień chryzantema jastrun jastruń
flower

chryselephantine /kɹɪsɛlɪˈfæntɪn/ adj
zrobiony ze złota i kości słoniowej
made of gold and ivory

chrysoprase n
chryzopraz
variety of quartz

chthonian /ˈkθoʊni.ən/ /ˈkθəʊnɪən/ /ˈθəʊnɪən/ /ˈθʊni.ən/ adj
chtoniczny
pertaining to the underworld; being beneath the earth

chthonic /ˈkθɒnɪk/ /ˈθɑnɪk/ adj
chtoniczny
dwelling within or under the earth

chub /t͡ʃʌb/ n
kleń
Leuciscus cephalus

chubby /ˈt͡ʃʌbi/ adj
pulchny pyzaty
of a person, somewhat fat

chuck /t͡ʃʌk/ n
karczek karkówka
meat from the shoulder of a cow
uchwyt zacisk
mechanical device
pacnięcie
gentle touch

chuckle /ˈt͡ʃʌkəl/ n
chichot
a quiet laugh

chuckle /ˈt͡ʃʌkəl/ v
chichotać
to laugh quietly or inwardly

chugalug adv
duszkiem jednym tchem na hejnał
in continuous gulps

chump /t͡ʃʌmp/ n
matoł
an unintelligent person

chunder /ˈtʃandə/ /ˈtʃɐndə/ /ˈtʃʌndə(ɹ)/ n
rzygać wymiotować
vomit

chunky /ˈt͡ʃʌŋki/ adj
przy kości pulchny
euphemism for fat

church /t͡ʃɜːt͡ʃ/ /t͡ʃɝt͡ʃ/ n
kościół cerkiew
a religious organization
kościół cerkiew zbór
house of worship
kościół wspólnota
a group of people who follow the same Christian religious beliefs
msza nabożeństwo liturgia
worship service

church service n
nabożeństwo
communal worship

churchgoer n
wierzący
one who goes to church

churchgoing adj
wierzący
regularly attending church

churchkhela n
czurczchela
candy

churn /tʃɜːn/ /t͡ʃɝn/ n
maselnica kierzanka maślnica
vessel for churning

churn /tʃɜːn/ /t͡ʃɝn/ v
burzyć się zburzyć się
agitate rapidly

chutney /ˈt͡ʃətni/ /ˈt͡ʃʌtni/ n
ćatni czatnej gąszcz
condiment

chutzpah /ˈxʊts.pɑ/ n
hucpa bezczelność kpina
nearly arrogant courage

chypre n
chypre szypr

ciborium /sɪˈbɔəɹɪəm/ n
cyborium
A covered receptacle
A fixed vaulted canopy

cicada /sɪˈkeɪ.də/ /sɪˈkɑ.də/ /sɪˈkɑː.də/ [sɪˈkʰeɪ̯.də] [sɪˈkʰɑː.də] [sɪ̈ˈkʰeɪ̯.ɾə] [sɪ̈ˈkʰɑ.ɾə] n
cykada
any of several insects of the order Hemiptera

cicely n
marchewnik
Myrrhis odorata

cicisbeo /ˌtʃɪtʃɪzˈbeɪəʊ/ /ˌt͡ʃit͡ʃəzˈbeɪoʊ/ n
cicisbeo
Married woman's gallant or lover

cider /ˈsaɪ̯.də/ /ˈsaɪ̯.dɚ/ [ˈsʌɪ̯ɾə(ɹ)] n
cydr jabłecznik
alcoholic beverage

cigar /sɪˈɡɑɹ/ /sɪˈɡɑː(ɹ)/ n
cygaro
tobacco product

cigar lighter n
zapalniczka

cigarette /sɪ.ɡəˈɹɛt/ /ˈsɪ.ɡə.ɹɛt/ n
papieros cygareta
tobacco or other substances, in a thin roll wrapped with paper, intended to be smoked

cigarette case n
cygarnica papierośnica
small flat case

cigarette holder n
cygarniczka fifka lufka
a device used to hold a cigarette

cigarillo /ˌsɪɡəˈɹɪloʊ/ n
cygaretka
thin cigar

cilantro /sɪˈlæntɹəʊ/ /sɪˈlɑntɹoʊ/ n
kolendra
leaves of the coriander plant

ciliate n
orzęsek
protozoan of the class Ciliata

cilice n
włosienica
garment or undergarment made of coarse cloth or animal hair

cilium /ˈsɪl.i.əm/ n
rzęska
hairlike organelle projecting from eukaryotic cell

cimbalom /ˈsɪmbələm/ n
cymbały
type of concert hammered dulcimer

cinder /ˈsɪndə(ɹ)/ /ˈsɪndɚ/ n
oparzelina zgorzelina
partially or mostly burnt material

cinder block n
pustak betonowy
lightweight building block

cinema /ˈsɪn.ə.mə/ /ˈsɪn.ɪ.mɑː/ /ˈsɪn.ɪ.mə/ n
kino
a film/movie theatre
films collectively
kino kinematografia
the art of making films and movies
the film and movie industry

cinematic /sɪnəˈmætɪk/ adj
kinowy
relating to the cinema

cinematographic adj
filmowy kinematograficzny
of or pertaining to cinematography

cinematography /ˈsɪn.ə.məˌtɒɡ.ɹə.fiː/ n
kinematografia
the discipline of making and reproducing motion pictures

cinephile /ˈsɪnəˌfaɪl/ /ˈsɪnɪfɑɪl/ n
kinoman kinomanka kinomaniak
enthusiast of films and cinema

cinephilia n
kinomania
enthusiasm for films and the cinema

cinereous bunting n
trznadel popielaty
Emberiza cineracea

cinnabar /ˈsɪn.əˌbɑɹ/ /ˈsɪn.əˌbɑː(ɹ)/ adj
cynobrowy
of a bright red colour

cinnabar /ˈsɪn.əˌbɑɹ/ /ˈsɪn.əˌbɑː(ɹ)/ n
cynober
mineral
color

cinnamon /ˈsɪ.mɪn/ /ˈsɪn.ə.mən/ /ˈsɪn.ə.mɪn/ adj
cynamonowy
color
cynamonowy cynamon
flavor

cinnamon /ˈsɪ.mɪn/ /ˈsɪn.ə.mən/ /ˈsɪn.ə.mɪn/ n
cynamon
spice
cynamonowiec
any of related trees in the genus Cinnamomum
cynamonowiec cynamon
Cinnamomum verum
cynamonowy
colour

cinque /sæŋk/ /sɪŋk/ n
cynek cynk

cipher /ˈsaɪfə/ /ˈsaɪfɚ/ n
cyfra
numeric character
szyfr
method for concealing the meaning of text
cryptographic system

ciphertext n
szyfrogram
encoded text

circa /ˈsɜːkə/ /ˈsɝkə/ preposition
circa
approximately, about, around

circadian /səˈkeɪ.dɪ.ən/ /sɚˈkeɪ.di.ən/ /sɚˈkæd.i.ən/ /ˌsɝ.kəˈdaɪ.ən/ /ˌsɝ.kəˈdi.ən/ adj
całodobowy dwudziestoczterogodzinny
relating to rhythmic behavior with a period of 24 hours

circle /ˈsɜɹkəl/ [ˈsɜː.kəɫ] [ˈsɝ.kəɫ] n
koło krąg
specific group of persons
koło krąg okrąg
geometry: set of all points in a plane within a radius
kula koło
thin three-dimensional equivalent of these geometric figures
okrąg krąg koło
geometry: set of points that are equally distant from a center

circle /ˈsɜɹkəl/ [ˈsɜː.kəɫ] [ˈsɝ.kəɫ] v
krążyć kołować
travel in circles
obchodzić objeżdżać okrążać
travel around along a curved path
okrążyć
surround
zakreślić
place or mark a circle around

circle of friends n
krąg przyjaciół
group of close friends

circle runner n
obrotowy

circuit /ˈsəɾ.kɪʈ/ /ˈsɜː.kɪt/ /ˈsɜː.kɪʈ/ /ˈsɝ.kɪt/ n
obchód
regular or appointed journeying
obieg
act of moving around
obwód
enclosed path of electric current
circumference of any space

circuit board n
płytka obwodu drukowanego
board

circuit breaker n
bezpiecznik
high-current electrical switch

circuitous /sɚˈkjuːətəs/ /sɚˈkjuːɪtəs/ /sɜːˈkjuːɪtəs/ adj
okrężny
not direct or to the point

circuitously adv
okrężnie
in a circuitous manner

circular /ˈsɜː.kjə.lə(ɹ)/ /ˈsɝ.kjə.lɚ/ adj
okrągły
in the shape of, or moving in a circle

circular arc n
łuk
continuous section of the circumference of a circle

circular saw n
cyrkularka piła tarczowa
a power saw with a circular cutting blade

circular sector n
wycinek
portion of a circle

circulatory system /-tɹi-/ /ˌsɜːk(j)uːlətəɹi ˈsɪstəm/ /ˌsɝkjələˌtɔɹi ˈsɪstəm/ n
układ krwionośny człowieka
parts of an animal body which circulate the blood around the body

circum- prefix
około-
prefix meaning "around"

circumambulation /ˌsɝ.kəmˌæm.bjuˈleɪ.ʃən/ n
obejście okrążenie
act of walking around sthg

circumcise /ˈsəːkəmsʌɪz/ v
obrzezać obrzezywać
to remove the foreskin from the penis

circumcised adj
obrzezany
of a man

circumcision n
obrzezanie
removal of foreskin from penis

circumference /səˈkam.fɹəns/ /səˈkʌm.fɹəns/ /sɚˈkʌm.fɹəns/ /sɜːˈkʌm.fɹəns/ /sɝːˈkʌm.fɹəns/ n
obwód
line that bounds a circle or other two-dimensional object

circumferential /sə(ɹ).kəm.fəˈɹɛn.ʃəl/ adj
obwodowy
of or pertaining to a circumference

circumfix /səːkəmˈfɪks/ /sɚkəmˈfɪks/ /ˈsəːkəmfɪks/ /ˈsɚkəmfɪks/ n
okołorostek
affix with both a prefixing and suffixing element

circumflex /ˈsɜː.kəmˌflɛks/ /ˈsɝ.kəmˌflɛks/ n
daszek
circumflex accent

circumnavigate /ˌsə.kəmˈnæv.ɪ.ɡeɪt/ /ˌsɝ.kəmˈnæv.ɪ.ɡeɪt/ v
opłynąć dookoła
to sail completely around something

circumpolar adj
okołobiegunowy
continually visible above the horizon
located or found throughout a polar region

circumscribe /ˈsɜː.kəm.skɹaɪb/ /ˈsɝ.kəm.skɹaɪb/ v
ograniczyć
to limit narrowly; restrict
okrążyć obwieść
to draw a line around; encircle
opisać opisywać
to draw a circle, sphere, or higher-dimensional ball

circumsolar adj
okołosłoneczny
surrounding or moving around the Sun

circumspect /ˈsɜː.kəm.spɛkt/ /ˈsɝ.kəm.spɛkt/ adj
ostrożny
carefully aware of all circumstances

circumstance /-aːns/ /-æns/ /-ɑːns/ /ˈsɜːkəmst(ə)ns/ /ˈsɜːkəmstæns/ /ˈsɝ.kəm.ˌstæns/ n
okoliczność
that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event

circus /ˈsɜːkəs/ /ˈsɝkəs/ n
cyrk
company that travels
cyrk rondo
round open space

cirl bunting /səːl ˈbʌntɪŋ/ n
cierlik
cirl bunting

cirque /sɜːk/ /sɝk/ n
cyrk lodowcowy kar kocioł
curved depression in a mountainside

cirrhosis /sɪˈɹoʊ.sɪs/ n
marskość wątroby marskość
chronic disease of the liver

cirrocumulus n
cirrocumulus baranek
a cloud type

cirrus /ˈsɪɹəs/ n
cirrus chmura pierzasta
cloud

cisgender /sɪsˈdʒɛndə/ /sɪsˈd͡ʒɛndɚ/ adj
cispłciowy cisseksualny
having a gender the same as one's assigned sex at birth

cissoid n
cisoida
cissoid

cistern /ˈsɪs.tən/ /ˈsɪs.tɚn/ n
cysterna
reservoir for holding water

citadel /ˈsɪtədəl/ /ˈsɪtədɛl/ n
cytadela
a strong fortress that sits high above a city
a stronghold or fortified place

citation needed /-dəd/ /ˌsaɪˈteɪ.ʃn̩ ˈniː.dɪd/ /ˌsaɪˈteɪ.ʃən ˈni.dɪd/ phraseologicalUnit
potrzebne źródło
used to designate an assertion or other statement as false, inaccurate, or requiring verification

citizen /ˈsɪtɪsən/ /ˈsɪtɪzən/ n
cywil obywatel
civilian
mieszkaniec mieszkanka
resident of any particular place
obywatel mieszkaniec
legal resident of a city
obywatel obywatelka
legal member of a state

citizen journalism n
dziennikarstwo obywatelskie
reporting by amateurs on the scene of an event

citizen of the world n
obywatel świata obywatelka świata
person who takes the view that they belong to no particular country or state

citizenry n
obywatele
the group of all citizens

citizenship /sɪtɪzənʃɪp/ n
obywatelstwo
state of being a citizen

citrine /ˈsɪtɹain/ /ˈsɪtɹin/ /ˈsɪtɹiːn/ /ˈsɪtɹən/ n
cytryn
brownish-yellow quartz

citrine wagtail n
pliszka cytrynowa
Motacilla citreola

citron /ˈsɪtəɹn/ /ˈsɪtɹən/ n
cedrat cytron
tree
cytron cedrat
fruit

citrus /ˈsɪtɹəs/ n
cytrus
shrub or tree

citrus fruit n
cytrus
fruit of genus Citrus

city /sɪtɪ/ /ˈsɪti/ [ˈsɪtʰiː] [ˈsɪɾi] n
miasto
large settlement

city block n
blok budowlany
part of town enclosed by streets

city council n
rada miejska
town/city governing body

city hall /ˈsɪti ˌhɑl/ /ˈsɪti ˌhɔl/ /ˈsɪti ˌhɔːl/ /ˈsɪtɪ ˌhɔːl/ n
ratusz
building
government

city slicker n
mieszczanin mieszczanka mieszczuch
one accustomed to urban living

city state n
miasto-państwo wolne miasto
sovereign city

civet /ˈsɪ.vɪt/ n
cyweta
cat-like animal

civic /ˈsɪvɪk/ adj
obywatelski
Of or relating to the citizen

civic duty n
powinność obywatelska

civics /ˈsɪvɪks/ n
wiedza o społeczeństwie
study of good citizenship and proper membership in a community

civil /ˈsɪv.əl/ adj
cywilny
related to people and government office as opposed to military or religion
law: related to private relations among citizens, as opposed to criminal matters

civil code n
kodeks cywilny
a systematic collection of laws between private parties

civil disobedience n
obywatelskie nieposłuszeństwo
active and non-violent refusal to obey

civil engineering n
inżynieria lądowa inżynieria wodno-lądowa
technical design and construction of public works and/or equivalent private ones

civil law n
prawo cywilne
body of law dealing with private relations

civil rights n
prawa obywatelskie
rights deserved by all people under all circumstances

civil servant n
urzędnik państwowy
government employee

civil society n
społeczeństwo obywatelskie
institutions, voluntary organizations and corporate bodies

civil union n
rejestrowany związek partnerski
legal union similar to marriage

civil war n
wojna domowa
war between factions within a single country

civilian /sɪˈvɪljən/ adj
cywilny
not related to the military armed forces

civilian /sɪˈvɪljən/ n
cywil
non-military person

civilise /ˈsɪvɪlaɪz/ v
cywilizować ucywilizować
to educate to a perceived higher standard of behaviour

civilization /ˌsɪv.ə.ləˈzeɪ.ʃən/ /ˌsɪv.ɪ.laɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/ [ˌsɪv.ə.lɑeˈzæɪ.ʃən] n
cywilizacja
organized culture

civilization /ˌsɪv.ə.ləˈzeɪ.ʃən/ /ˌsɪv.ɪ.laɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/ [ˌsɪv.ə.lɑeˈzæɪ.ʃən] pn
cywilizacja
people of the world considered to have a high standard of behavior

civilizational adj
cywilizacyjny
pertaining to or arising from civilization

civilized /ˈsɪv.ɪ.laɪzd/ adj
cywilizowany ucywilizowany
having a highly developed society or culture

clade /kleɪd/ n
klad
group

claim /kleɪm/ n
roszczenie
demand of ownership

claim /kleɪm/ v
twierdzić
to state a new fact

clairvoyance /klɛəˈvɔɪəns/ /klɛɹˈvɔɪəns/ n
jasnowidzenie jasnowidztwo
the power to perceive objects that are not accessible to the senses

clairvoyant /ˌklɛəˈvɔɪ.ənt/ /ˌklɛɹˈvɔɪ.ənt/ n
jasnowidz
person able to foresee the future
person able to see things that cannot be perceived by the normal senses

clam /klæm/ [kleəm] n
małż
mollusc

clamp /klæmp/ n
zacisk imadło
woodworking tool

clan /klæn/ n
klan
group of players who habitually play on the same team in multiplayer games
klan ród
group having common ancestor

clandestine /klænˈdɛst(a)ɪn/ /ˈklændəst(a)ɪn/ /ˈklændɪst(a)ɪn/ adj
konspiracyjny pokątny tajny ukryty
done or kept in secret

clang /klæŋ/ v
szczękać szczęknąć
intransitive: give out a clang

clap /klæp/ n
klask
The act of striking the palms of the hands, or any two surfaces, together
tryper wiewiór
gonorrhea

clap /klæp/ v
klaskać
To strike the palms of the hands together
klaskać bić brawo
To applaud by clapping the hands

clapper /ˈklæpɚ/ n
serce
the tongue of a bell

clapperboard n
klaps
device used in film

claptrap /ˈklæpˌtɹæp/ n
ambaje mowa-trawa pustosłowie wodolejstwo
empty verbiage or nonsense

claque /ˈklæk/ n
klaka
people hired to attend a performance and to either applaud or boo

clarification /ˌklæɹɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/ n
klaryfikacja
clarification of ideas, meaning, etc

clarified butter n
masło klarowane
cooking fat made from butter

clarify /ˈklæɹɪfaɪ/ v
oczyszczać oczyścić wyjaśniać wyjaśnić
to make clear or bright by freeing from feculent matter

clarinet /ˌklæɹɪˈnɛt/ /ˌklɛɹɪˈnɛt/ n
klarnet
woodwind musical instrument

clarinetist /ˌklæɹɪˈnɛtɪst/ n
klarnecista klarnecistka
musician

clarity /ˈklæɹ.ə.ti/ /ˈklæɹ.ɪ.ti/ /ˈklɛɹ.ə.ti/ n
jasność klarowność
the state or measure of being clear

clasp /klæsp/ /klɑːsp/ n
klamra
fastener or holder

class /klas/ /kleəs/ /klæs/ /klɑ(ː)s/ /klɑːs/ n
klasa
admirable behavior; elegance
category of seats in an airplane, train or other means of mass transportation
division of society into classes
group of students in a regularly scheduled meeting with a teacher
group, collection, category or set sharing characteristics or attributes
object-oriented programming: set of objects possibly differing in state but not behavior
social grouping, based on job, wealth, etc.
group of students who commenced or completed their education during a particular year
taxonomy: classification below Phylum and above Order
set theory: collection of sets definable by a shared property
kurs
series of classes covering a single subject

class struggle n
walka klas
struggle between classes

classic /ˈklæs.ɪk/ adj
klasyczny
exemplary of a particular style
exhibiting timeless quality

classical /ˈklæsɪkl̩/ adj
klasyczny
literature etc

classical language n
język klasyczny
ancient language with a rich literary tradition

classical logic n
logika klasyczna

classical music n
muzyka poważna
music of the classical period
the more serious forms of European and American music

classical physics n
fizyka klasyczna
all aspects of physics developed before the rise of quantum mechanics

classicism n
klasycyzm
classical traditions of the art and architecture of ancient Greece and Rome

classicistic adj
klasycystyczny
of or pertaining to classicism

classification /ˌklæsɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/ n
klasyfikacja
act of forming into classes

classified adj
niejawny zastrzeżony
formally assigned to a level of sensitivity

classified advertisement n
anons
newspaper or website advertisements under categories

classify /ˈklæs.əˌfaɪ/ /ˈklæs.ɪ.faɪ/ v
klasyfikować
identify or divide into classes

classism /ˈklæsɪzəm/ n
klasizm
discrimination based on social class

classless /ˈklæsləs/ adj
aklasowy bezklasowy
not divided into societal or economic groups

classmate /ˈklɑːs.meɪt/ n
kolega z klasy koleżanka z klasy
student who is in the same class at school

classroom /ˈklasruːm/ /ˈklæsruːm/ /ˈklɑːsɹʊm/ n
klasa aula
room in a school

clause /klɑz/ /klɔz/ /klɔːz/ n
klauzula
legal: separate part of a contract
zdanie składowe
grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate

claustrophobia n
klaustrofobia
fear of closed, tight places

claustrum /ˈklɔːstɹəm/ n
przedmurze
sheet of grey matter

clavichord /ˈklæv.ɪˌkɔɹd/ /ˈklæv.ɪˌkɔːd/ n
klawikord
early keyboard instrument

clavicle /ˈklæv.ɪk.l̩/ /ˈklæv.ɪk.əl/ n
obojczyk
collar bone

clavicytherium /ˌklæv.ə.saɪˈθɪə.ɹi.əm/ /ˌklæv.ə.saɪˈθɪə.ɹɪ.əm/ n
claviciterium klawicyterium
harpsichord in which the soundboard and strings are mounted vertically facing the player

claw /klɑ/ /klɔ/ /klɔː/ n
kleszcze szczypce
mechanical device for gripping
pazur
curved horny nail
szczypce kleszcze
pincer of a crustacean
szpon
foot equipped with such

claw /klɑ/ /klɔ/ /klɔː/ v
drapać
scratch or tear at

clawed frog n
żaba szponiasta
any frog in the genus Xenopus

clay /kleɪ/ [kl̥eɪ] n
glina ił
mineral substance

clay pit n
glinianka
clay quarry

clayen /ˈkleɪ̯.ən/ adj
gliniany
made of clay

clayey /ˈkleɪ(j)i/ /ˈkleɪi/ adj
gliniasty
composed of clay or containing (much) clay

claystone n
iłowiec
sedimentary rock composed of fine, clay particles

clean /kleːn/ /klin/ /kliːn/ [kʰl̥eːn] [kʰl̥iːn] [kʰl̥ĩn] adj
czysty
not dirty
slang: cool or neat
przyzwoity
pure, especially morally or religiously

clean /kleːn/ /klin/ /kliːn/ [kʰl̥eːn] [kʰl̥iːn] [kʰl̥ĩn] v
czyścić oczyszczać sprzątać oczyścić
(transitive) to remove dirt from a place or object

clean and jerk n
podrzut
in weightlifting

clean out v
puszczać z torbami puścić z torbami

clean sheet n
czyste konto
(soccer) game played without having conceded a goal

clean up v
posprzątać sprzątać
to make an area or a thing clean

clean-shaven adj
ogolony
having had hair shaved off

cleaner /ˈkli.nɚ/ /ˈkliː.nə/ n
sprzątacz sprzątaczka
person who cleans

cleaning /ˈkliːnɪŋ/ n
czyszczenie sprzątanie
action in which something is cleaned

cleaning agent n
środek czyszczący

cleaning lady n
sprzątaczka

cleanliness /ˈklɛn.li.nəs/ /ˈklɛn.li.nɪs/ n
czystość czystota
the property of being cleanly

cleanness /ˈkliːn.nəs/ n
czystość czystota
state of being clean

cleanse /klɛnz/ v
oczyścić
to clean, purify
to spiritually purify

clear /kliɹ/ /klɪə(ɹ)/ adj
bezbarwny
transparent in colour
bezchmurny
without clouds
jasny
free of ambiguity or doubt

clear /kliɹ/ /klɪə(ɹ)/ v
czyścić wymazać
computing: reset; return to zero

clear as day adj
czarno na białym
quite clear

clear cut adj
jasny
straightforward

clear one's throat v
odchrząknąć odchrząkiwać
forcibly expulsing air from one's lungs

clear the air v
oczyszczać atmosferę oczyścić atmosferę
to assuage a hostile situation

clear the market v
oczyszczać rynek oczyścić rynek

clear up v
uspokajać się uspokoić się
of stormy weather: dissipate, become calm

clearance /ˈklɪəɹən(t)s/ /ˈklɪɹən(t)s/ n
clearing kliring
finance: processing of payments at a clearing house
likwidacja wyprzedaż
sale of merchandise at a reduced price
oczyszczanie usuwanie
act of clearing or something cleared
odstęp prześwit
distance between two moving objects
pozwolenie wiza zezwolenie zgoda
permission for a vehicle to proceed, or for a person to travel
pozwolenie zezwolenie zgoda
permission to have access to sensitive or secret documents or other information

clearcutting n
zrąb
forestry practice

clearing /ˈklɪə.ɹɪŋ/ /ˈklɪɚ.ɪŋ/ n
clearing kliring
process of completing and settling transactions centrally
karczowisko karczunek poręba
area of land within a wood or forest devoid of trees

clearly /ˈkliːɹli/ /ˈklɪəli/ /ˈklɪɹli/ adv
wyraźnie
(modal) without a doubt, obviously
in a clear manner

cleartext n
tekst jawny tekst otwarty
unencrypted text

cleat /kliːt/ n
knaga
device to secure a rope

cleavage /ˈkli.vɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈkliː.vɪd͡ʒ/ [ˈklɪi.vɪd͡ʒ] n
łupliwość
mineralogy: tendency of a crystal to split

cleaver /ˈklivɚ/ n
tasak
a squarish knife used for hacking

cleavers n
przytulia czepna
Galium aparine

clef /klɛf/ n
klucz
musical symbol

cleft /klɛft/ n
szczelina
opening made or as if made by splitting

clematis /ˈklɛmətɪs/ n
powojnik
any plant of the genus Clematis

clementine /ˈklɛməntaɪn/ /ˈklɛməntiːn/ n
klementynka
citrus fruit

clench one's fists v
zaciskać pięści zacisnąć pięści
clench one's fists

clergy /ˈklɜːdʒi/ /ˈklɝd͡ʒi/ n
kler duchowieństwo
people trained to officiate at religious ceremonies and services

clergyman /ˈklɜːdʒimən/ /ˈklɝd͡ʒimən/ n
duchowny kleryk
ordained (male) Christian minister, male member of the clergy

clergyperson n
duchowny
ordained (male or female) Christian minister, male or female member of the clergy

cleric /ˈklɛɹɪk/ n
kleryk duchowny
clergy member

clerical /ˈklɛɹɪkəl/ adj
biurowy
of or relating to clerks or their work

clerical collar n
koloratka
collar worn by clergy

clerihew /ˈklɛɹɨˌhjuː/ /ˈklɛɹɪ̈ˌhju/ n
clerihew
rhyme of four lines, usually regarding a person

clerk /klɐːk/ /klɑːk/ /klɜːk/ /klɝk/ n
urzędniczka urzędnik
one working with records etc.

clever /ˈklɛvə/ /ˈklɛvɚ/ adj
sprytny bystry zdolny zmyślny
mentally quick or sharp

cliché /kliˈʃeɪ/ /ˈkliːʃeɪ/ n
komunał banał frazes sztampa
overused phrase or expression

clichéd adj
schematyczny sztampowy wtórny
repeated often

click /klɪk/ [kʰl̥ɪk] interjection
klik
sound of a click

click /klɪk/ [kʰl̥ɪk] n
klik kliknięcie
act of pressing a button on a computer mouse
act of operating a switch, etc., so that it clicks
mlask
in phonetics
pstryk trzask
sharp sound

click /klɪk/ [kʰl̥ɪk] v
klikać kliknąć
transitive: press and release (button on a mouse)
transitive: operate so as to make click

clickbait /ˈklɪkbeɪt/ n
clickbait
content aimed at generating advertising revenue

client /ˈklaɪ.ənt/ n
delikwent delikwentka interesant interesantka petent petentka
person who receives help or advice from a professional person
klient
computing: the role of a computer application or system
klient klientka kupujący usługobiorca
a customer or receiver of services

client state n
państwo uzależnione
state that is subordinate

clientele /klaɪ.ənˈtɛl/ /kliː.ɒnˈtɛl/ [klaɪ.n̩ˈtɛl] [kliː.n̩ˈtel] [klɑɪ.n̩ˈtel] n
klientela
body of clients who frequent an establishment

cliff /klɪf/ [kl̥ʰɪf] n
klif
a (near) vertical rock face

cliffhanger /ˌklɪfˈhæŋ.ə(ɹ)/ n
cliffhanger zawieszenie akcji
(narratology) an ending or stopping point

climacterial adj
klimaksowy klimakteryczny

climacterium n
klimakterium klimaks

climactic /ˌklaɪˈmæk.tɪk/ adj
klimaksowy

climate /ˈklaɪ.mət/ /ˈklaɪ.mɪt/ n
klimat
long-term atmospheric conditions
context in general of a particular political, moral etc. situation

climate change /ˈklaɪmət ˌtʃeɪndʒ/ n
zmiany klimatu
changes in the Earth's climate

climate denier n
zaprzeczająca zmianie klimatu zaprzeczający zmianie klimatu

climate refugee n
uchodźca klimatyczny
person who is forced to relocate

climatic /klaɪˈmætɪk/ adj
klimatyczny
of, relating to}} or influenced by climate

climatological adj
klimatologiczny
of or pertaining to climatology

climatologist n
klimatolog
scholar of climatology

climatology /klaɪ.mɪˈtɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/ /klaɪ.mɪˈtɒ.lə.d͡ʒi/ n
klimatologia
science

climax /ˈklaɪ.mæks/ n
gradacja klimaks
rhetoric: ordering of terms in increasing order of importance or magnitude
klimaks
orgasm
ecology: stage in ecological development
turning point in a plot or dramatic action

climb /klaɪm/ n
wchodzenie wejście wspinaczka
an act of climbing

climb /klaɪm/ v
piąć
of plants: to grow upwards by clinging to something
rosnąć wzrosnąć
to ascend, to go up
wdrapać wdrapywać
to move by using the hands and feet
wleźć włazić
to mount, to move upwards on
wspinać wspiąć
to practice the sport of climbing
to scale

climbing shoe n
but wspinaczkowy
footwear

climbing wall n
ściana wspinaczkowa
artificial wall

clinch /klɪnt͡ʃ/ n
klamra
combat sports

cling /ˈklɪŋ/ v
przylgnąć
hold tightly

clingy /ˈklɪŋi/ adj
przylepny
having a tendency to cling

clinic /ˈklɪnɪk/ n
klinika przychodnia
medical facility

clinical /ˈklɪnɪkəl/ adj
bezduszny beznamiętny
cool and emotionless
kliniczny
of or pertaining to a clinic
dealing with how to practically manage patients

clinical death n
śmierć kliniczna
state in which usual vital signs are not present

clinical psychology n
psychologia kliniczna
branch of psychology

clinical trial n
eksperyment kliniczny
test

clinicality /ˌklɪnɪˈkælɪti/ n
bezduszność

clinician /klɪˈnɪʃən/ n
klinicysta klinicystka
doctor working in a clinic

clip art n
clipart klipart
images that may be copy and pasted

clipboard n
schowek
in computing: buffer for temporary storage

clipper n
kliper
fast sailing ship

clippety-cloppety n
patataj
sound a horse makes when walking on a hard surface in horseshoe

clique /kliːk/ /ˈklɪk/ n
klika banda koteria stronnictwo
small, exclusive group

clitic /ˈklɪtɪk/ n
klityka
morpheme attached to another word

clitoral hood n
napletek łechtaczki
fold of skin

clitoridectomy n
klitoridektomia
surgical procedure

clitoris /klɪˈtɔɹɪs/ /ˈklɪtəɹɪs/ n
łechtaczka
elongated erectile organ

cloak /ˈkloʊk/ n
peleryna
cape

cloak-and-dagger adj
potajemny
marked by menacing furtive secrecy

cloakroom /ˈkləʊkɹuːm/ /ˈkləʊkɹʊm/ n
bagażownia
room for luggage
szatnia
room for coats

cloche /kloʊʃ/ /klɒʃ/ n
klosz
glass covering

clock /klɑk/ /klɒk/ /klɔk/ [kl̥ɒχ] n
zegar
instrument to measure or keep track of time
electrical signal

clock face n
cyferblat tarcza
the surface of a clock that contains the dial and hands

clock is ticking phraseologicalUnit
zegar tyka
time is running out; a deadline is approaching

clock tower n
wieża zegarowa
tower having a large clock

clockmaker n
zegarmistrz zegarmistrzyni
person who makes clocks

clockwise /ˈklɒkwaɪz/ adj
prawoskrętny zgodny z ruchem wskazówek zegara
moving clockwise

clockwise /ˈklɒkwaɪz/ adv
prawoskrętnie zgodnie z ruchem wskazówek zegara
in a circular fashion in the same direction as the hands of an analogue clock

clockwork /ˈklɑkwɝk/ /ˈklɒkwɜːk/ n
zegarowy mechanizm sprężynowy
mechanism powered by coiled spring to drive mechanical device

clod /klɑd/ /klɒd/ n
grudka
lump of something, especially of earth or clay

clog /klɑɡ/ /klɒɡ/ /klɔɡ/ n
drewniak
a type of shoe with an inflexible, often wooden sole and an open heel

clog /klɑɡ/ /klɒɡ/ /klɔɡ/ v
zatkać zatykać zapchać zapychać
to block or slow passage through

cloister /ˈklɔɪstə/ /ˈklɔɪstɚ/ n
klasztor krużganek
place devoted to religious seclusion
klauzura
monastic life
krużganek
covered walk with an open colonnade

clone /kloʊn/ /kləʊn/ n
klon
copy of something already existing
living organism (originally a plant)

clone /kloʊn/ /kləʊn/ v
klonować sklonować
create a clone

clop /klɒp/ n
tętent
The sound of a horse's shod hoof striking the ground

close /kloʊs/ /kləʊs/ adj
bliski
at a little distance
intimate

close /kloʊz/ /kləʊz/ v
zamykać zamknąć
obstruct (an opening)
move (a door)
put an end to

close ranks v
zewrzeć szeregi zwierać szeregi
to regroup forces

close shave n
było blisko mało brakowało o mały włos
near accident or mishap

close the stable door after the horse has bolted v
mądry Polak po szkodzie
to attempt to prevent a problem that has already occurred

close to preposition
blisko
near

close to one's heart adj
bliski sercu drogi sercu miły sercu
deeply cared about

close, but no cigar /ˈkloʊs bʌt noʊ sɪˈɡɑɹ/ /ˈkləʊs bʌt nəʊ sɪˈɡɑː/ phraseologicalUnit
prawie robi wielką różnicę
used to indicate that one is almost correct or has almost succeeded, but not quite

close-knit adj
zgrany
closely linked or connected, as by a common identity, culture, or bond

closed /kloʊzd/ /kləʊzd/ adj
domknięty
having an open complement
zamknięty
not open
in mathematics, such that its image under the specified operation is contained in it
not operating or conducting trade

closed form n
wzór jawny
(mathematics) differential form whose exterior derivative is zero
(mathematics) expression that does not use limits

closed question n
pytanie zamknięte

closed set n
zbiór domknięty

closely /ˈkləʊsliː/ adv
blisko
in a close manner

closen /ˈkloʊsən/ /ˈkləʊsən/ v
bliżyć
transitive
bliżyć się
intransitive

closeness /ˈkloʊs.nəs/ /ˈkləʉs.nəs/ /ˈkləʊs.nəs/ n
bliskość
The state of being friends

closer /ˈkloʊ.zɚ/ /ˈkləʊ.zɚ/ n
bliżej
baseball: relief pitcher

closet /ˈklɑzɪt/ /ˈklɒzɪt/ n
komórka
small private chamber
szafa
furniture

closing credits n
napisy końcowe
credits shown at the end of a film, TV program, etc.

closure /ˈkloʊ.ʒɚ/ /ˈkləʉ.ʒə(ɹ)/ /ˈkləʊ.ʒə(ɹ)/ n
domknięcie
mathematical set

clot /klɒt/ n
grudka
solidified mass of any liquid
skrzep
blood clot

clot /klɒt/ v
krzepnąć
to form into a clot

cloth /kloʊθ/ /klɑθ/ /klɒθ/ /klɔːθ/ /klɔθ/ n
szmata
piece of cloth for a particular purpose
tkanina materiał sukno płótno
fabric

clothes /kloʊ(ð)z/ /kləʊ(ð)z/ n
odzież ubranie ubrania
apparel

clothes don't make the man proverb
nie szata zdobi człowieka
clothes don't make the man

clothes dryer n
suszarka do ubrań
electrical appliance used for drying clothes, usually by tumbling them in a heated rotating drum

clothes iron n
żelazko
appliance for pressing clothes

clothes moth n
mól
moth

clothes peg n
klamerka spinacz żabka
an object used to attach wet laundry to a clothesline

clothes stand n
wieszak
pole with pegs

clothes tree n
wieszak
pole with pegs

clothier /ˈkloʊðiɚ/ n
sukiennik
a person who makes or sells cloth or clothing

clothing /ˈkloʊðɪŋ/ /ˈkləʊðɪŋ/ n
odzież odzienie ubrania
clothes

cloud /klaʊd/ n
chmura obłok
visible mass of water droplets suspended in the air
mass of dust, steam or smoke
the Internet
anything which makes things foggy or gloomy
group of objects suspended above the ground or flying

cloud cover n
zachmurzenie
cloud covering the sky

cloud nine /ˈklaʊd ˈnaɪn/ n
siódme niebo w siódmym niebie
state of bliss

cloud up v
chmurzyć się pochmurnieć
to become cloudy or overcast

cloud-cuckoo-land /klaʊdˈkʊkuːlænd/ n
Chmurny Kukułczyn
imaginary place with unrealistic or silly people

cloudberry /ˈklaʊdbəɹi/ /ˈklaʊdbɹi/ /ˈklaʊdˌbɛɹi/ n
malina moroszka moroszka
fruit
moroszka
species

cloudburst /ˈklaʊdˌbɜːst/ /ˈklaʊdˌbɝst/ n
oberwanie chmury
sudden heavy rainstorm

clouded leopard n
pantera mglista
medium sized arboreal cat

cloudiness n
pochmurność zachmurzenie
weather

cloudless adj
bezchmurny
without any clouds

cloudlessly adv
bezchmurnie

cloudy /ˈklaʊdi/ /ˈklaʊːdɪ/ /ˈkɫaʊdi/ adj
pochmurny zachmurzony
covered with or characterised by clouds

clout /klaʊt/ /klʌʊt/ n
znaczenie polityczne
influence, effectiveness

clout nail n
gwóźdź papowy

clove /kloʊv/ /kləʊv/ n
drzewo goździkowe goździkowiec korzenny
Syzygium aromaticum
goździk
spice
ząbek
constitutive bulb of garlic

clove hitch n
wyblinka
type of knot

cloven hoof n
racica
divided hoof, as on bovine animals

clover /ˈkloʊ.vɚ/ /ˈkləʉ.və(ɹ)/ /ˈkləʊ.və(ɹ)/ n
koniczyna dzięcielina
plant in genus Trifolium

cloverleaf interchange n
koniczynka
junction of two highways

clown /klaʊn/ n
klaun błazen
performance artist working in a circus
pajac błazen
person acting in a silly fashion

clownery n
błazenada błazeństwo
the behaviour of a clown; clownishness, tomfoolery

clownfish n
błazenek
fish of the genera Amphiprion or Premnas

clowning /ˈklaʊnɪŋ/ n
błazenada błazeństwo

clownish /ˈklaʊnɪʃ/ adj
błazeński błaznowaty
resembling a clown

clownishly adv
błazeńsko

clownlike adj
błazeński błaznowaty
resembling a clown

club /klʌb/ n
kij
hitting implement in certain ball games
klub stowarzyszenie
association of members
maczuga
heavy stick for use as weapon or plaything
trefl dzwonka żołądź
playing card symbol, ♣

club /klʌb/ v
pałować spałować
to hit with a club

club moss n
widłak
any member of the family Lycopodiaceae

club soda n
sodówka woda gazowana woda sodowa
carbonated water

club together v
zrzucać zrzucić
contribute money jointly with others

clubbing /ˈklʌbɪŋ/ n
clubbing
(uncountable) practice of frequenting nightclubs

clubs /klʌbz/ n
trefl żołądź
one of the four suits of playing cards, marked with the symbol ♣

cluck /klʌk/ n
gdakanie
sound made by hen

cluck /klʌk/ v
gdakać
to produce cluck sound

clue /kljuː/ /kluː/ n
podpowiedź
information that may lead one to a certain point or conclusion

clueless /ˈkluː.ləs/ adj
zielony
lacking knowledge or understanding

clumsily adv
niezdarnie niezgrabnie
done without care or finesse, often hurriedly or awkwardly

clumsy /ˈklʌmzi/ adj
niezgrabny
awkward or inefficient in use or construction
niezgrabny niezdarny
awkward, lacking coordination, not graceful, not dextrous

clunker /ˈklʌŋkɚ/ n
dezel grat gruchot rupieć rzęch strucel
decrepit motor car
grat rupieć złom
anything in poor condition or of poor quality

cluster /ˈklʌstə/ /ˈklʌstɚ/ n
gromada
group of galaxies, nebulae, or stars that appear to the naked eye to be near each other
grono
bunch of grapes
kasetowy
set of bombs or mines released as part of the same blast
klaster
group of computers that work together
logical data storage unit containing one or more physical sectors
secundal chord of three or more notes
skupisko
bunch or group of several discrete items that are close to each other
zbitka
group of pronounceable consonants that occur together

clusterfuck /ˈklʌs.təˌfʌk/ /ˈklʌs.tɚˌfʌk/ n
pierdolnik burdel chujnia jebutnia pierdolnia przypał
chaotic situation

clutch /klʌt͡ʃ/ n
koperta kopertówka
A small handbag or purse with no straps or handle
sprzęgło
device to interrupt power transmission
sprzęgło pedał sprzęgła
The pedal in a car that disengages power transmission
grupa lęg
A group or bunch

cluttered adj
zaśmiecony
scattered with a disorderly mixture of objects

clypeus /ˈklɪpɪəs/ n
nadustek
front part of an insect's head or a spider's cephalothorax

cnidarian /naɪˈdeɹ.i.ən/ /nɪˈdeɹ.i.ən/ /nɪˈdɛː.ɹɪ.ən/ /nʌɪˈdɛː.ɹɪ.ən/ n
parzydełkowiec
any of various invertebrate animals that belong to the phylum Cnidaria

cnidocyte n
parzydełko
stinging capsule found in cnidarians

co- /kɒ/ /ˈkoʊ-/ /ˈkəʉ-/ /ˈkəʊ-/ prefix
współ-
together, mutually, jointly

co-cathedral n
konkatedra
someone who owns something together with one or more other people

co-ed /ˌkoʊˈɛd/ adj
koedukacyjny
that mixes males and females
that teaches both males and females

co-ed /ˌkoʊˈɛd/ n
studentka
dated: young woman who attends college

co-owner n
współwłaściciel
someone who owns something together with one or more other people

co-religionist /kəʊɹɪˈlɪdʒənɪst/ n
współwyznawca współwyznawczyni
a fellow follower of one's religion

co-responsible adj
współodpowiedzialny

coach /koʊt͡ʃ/ /kəʊtʃ/ [kʰoʊ̯t͡ʃ] [kʰəʊ̯tʃ] adv
trenować
sports: train

coach /koʊt͡ʃ/ /kəʊtʃ/ [kʰoʊ̯t͡ʃ] [kʰəʊ̯tʃ] n
autokar
long-distance bus
kareta powóz
wheeled vehicle drawn by horse power
trener trenerka
trainer
wagon
rail passenger car

coach driver n
woźnica furman kuczer stangret
driver of a horse-drawn coach

coachwork n
karoseria
body of a motor vehicle

coaddressee n
współadresat

coadministrate v
współadministrować
to administrate or manage jointly

coadministration n
współadministracja

coadministrator n
współadministrator

coadoration n
współadoracja

coagulation n
koagulacja
process of forming clots from blood

coal /koʊl/ /kɐʉl/ /kəʊl/ [kʰoɫ] [kʰɒʊɫ] v
węgiel
uncountable: carbon rock
countable: carbon rock

coal mine n
kopalnia węgla
a mine from which coal is mined

coal tit n
sosnówka sikora sosnówka
coal tit

coalfield n
zagłębie
region containing deposits of coal

coalfish n
czarniak
Pollachius virens

coalition /koʊ.əˈlɪʃ.ən/ /kəʊ.əˈlɪʃ.ən/ n
koalicja
group of organizations

coalman n
węglarz
someone who delivers coal
someone who sells coal

coaming /ˈkəʊ.mɪŋ/ n
zrębnica
on a boat, the vertical side of the hatch

coarse-grained adj
gruboziarnisty
Consisting of coarse particles

coarsely /ˈkɔː(ɹ)sli/ adv
gburowato grubiańsko
in a coarse manner

coast /koʊst/ /kəʊst/ n
wybrzeże brzeg
edge of land meeting ocean, sea, gulf, bay

coast /koʊst/ /kəʊst/ v
bezideowiec
to make a minimal effort

coast guard n
straż przybrzeżna
enforcer of maritime law

coastal /ˈkoʊstəl/ /ˈkəʊstəl/ adj
przybrzeżny
relating to the coast

coaster /ˈkoʊstɚ/ /ˈkəʊstə/ /ˈkʌʊstə/ n
kabotażowiec
merchant vessel that stays in coastal waters
bezideowiec
one who coasts
podstawka podkładka serwetka
small object on which a cup, etc., is placed to protect a table surface

coat /koʊt/ /kəʊt/ n
płaszcz palto
outer garment covering the upper torso and arms
sierść
fur or feathers
warstwa
covering of material, such as paint

coat /koʊt/ /kəʊt/ v
pokrywać pokryć
to cover with a coat of some material

coat hanger n
wieszak
device used to hang up coats, shirts, etc

coat of arms n
herb
hereditary design depicted on an escutcheon

coat rack n
wieszak
rack for holding coats

coat stand n
wieszak
pole with pegs

coat tree n
wieszak
An upright pole having hooks on which to hang coats or other clothing

coati /koʊˈɑti/ /kəʊˈɑːti/ n
ostronos
any of several animals of the genus Nasua

coauthor n
współautor współautorka
author who collaborates with another to write something

coaxial /koʊ.ˈæk.sɪi.əl/ /kəʊ.ˈæk.sɪi.əl/ adj
współosiowy
having a common central axis

cob /kɑb/ /kɒb/ n
łabędź
male swan

cobalt /ˈkoʊ.bɑlt/ /ˈkəʊ.bɒlt/ n
kobalt
chemical element

cobber /ˈkɒbɚ/ n
stary
Australian: a pal, buddy, mate, friend

cobbler /ˈkɑblɚ/ /ˈkɑbəlɚ/ /ˈkɒblə/ /ˈkɒbələ/ n
szewc szewczyni łatacz
person who repairs, and sometimes makes, shoes
cobbler
alcoholic drink containing spirit or wine, with lemon juice and sugar
gliniarz
(slang) police officer
cobbler
kind of pie, usually filled with fruit and topped with a thick, cake-like pastry layer

cobbler, keep to your last proverb
jeśli nie potrafisz, nie pchaj się na afisz
do not criticise matters outside your field of expertise

cobblestone /ˈkɑbl̩ˌstoʊn/ /ˈkɒbl̩ˌstəʊn/ n
bruk brukowiec otoczak
a rounded stone

cobra /ˈkoʊbɹə/ /ˈkɒbɹə/ /ˈkəʊbɹə/ n
kobra
venomous snake

coca /ˈkoʊkə/ /ˈkəʊkə/ n
koka
the dried leaf of a South American shrub (Erythroxylon coca)
any of four cultivated plants of the family Erythroxylaceae

cocaine /koʊˈkeɪn/ /kə(ʊ)ˈkeɪn/ /ˈkoʊˌkeɪn/ n
kokaina
the narcotic

cocaine addict n
kokainista kokainistka

coccidiosis n
kokcydioza
the disease caused by coccidian infection

coccus [ˈkʰɑkəs] n
ziarniak
type of bacterium

coccyx /ˈkɑksɪks/ /ˈkɒksɪks/ n
kość ogonowa kość guziczna
(anatomy) final fused vertebrae

cock /kɑk/ /kɒk/ n
kurka
any male bird

cock /kɑk/ /kɒk/ v
nadstawić postawić wznieść
to erect; to turn up

cock-a-doodle-doo /ˌkɑkəˌdudəlˈdu/ /ˌkɒkəˌduːdəlˈduː/ interjection
kukuryku
imitating the cry of the rooster

cock-and-bull story n
bajka o żelaznym wilku
far-fetched and fanciful story or tale of highly dubious validity

cockade /kɑˈkeɪd/ /kɒkˈeɪd/ n
kokarda
a rosette worn in a hat as an office or party badge

cockatiel /ˌkɒk.əˈtil/ n
nimfa
a small, rather atypical cockatoo with a distinctive pointed yellow crest

cockatoo n
kakadu
a bird

cockatrice /ˈkɒkətraɪs/ /ˈkɒkətrɪs/ n
kuroliszek
legendary creature

cockchafer /ˈkɒkˌt͡ʃeɪfɚ/ n
chrabąszcz chrabąszcz majowy
beetle of genus Melolontha

cocker spaniel n
cocker-spaniel
either breed

cockerel /ˈkɑkəɹəl/ /ˈkɑkɹəl/ /ˈkɒkəɹəl/ /ˈkɒkɹəl/ n
kogucik
young male chicken

cockfight n
walka kogutów
contest

cockfighting n
walka kogutów
gambling blood sport

cockfighting pit n
miejsce na walkę kogutów

cockle /ˈkɒkl̩/ n
sercówka
any of various edible European bivalve mollusks

cocklebur n
rzepień
any of the coarse composite weeds of the genus Xanthium, with a prickly fruit

cockpit n
kokpit kabina pilotów
space for pilot and crew in an aircraft

cockroach /ˈkɑkəɹoʊt͡ʃ/ /ˈkɑkɹoʊt͡ʃ/ /ˈkɒkɹəʊt͡ʃ/ n
karaluch karaczan karakan
type of insect

cockscomb n
grzebień
fleshy red crest of a rooster

cocksfoot n
kupkówka
Dactylis

cocksucker n
lachociąg
an objectionable person
lachociąg obciągacz obciągara
a fellator

cocksure adj
pewny siebie
overconfident

cocktail /ˈkɑk.teɪl/ /ˈkɒk.teɪl/ /ˈkɔk.tæɪl/ n
koktajl
alcoholic beverage

cocktail cabinet n
barek
cupboard

cocktail fork /ˌkɑkˌteɪl ˈfɔɹk/ /ˌkɒkteɪl ˈfɔːk/ n
widelczyk
small fork used for eating dishes served as appetizers, and for picking up small snacks

coco-de-mer /ˌkəʊkəʊdəˈmɛː/ n
lodoicja seszelska
tree

cocoa /ˈkoʊ.koʊ/ /ˈkəʊ.kəʊ/ adj
kakaowy
of a light to medium brown colour

cocoa /ˈkoʊ.koʊ/ /ˈkəʊ.kəʊ/ n
kakao
hot drink
partially fermented seeds of cacao tree
cup/mug of this drink
colour

cocoa bean n
nasiono kakao
seed of the cocoa plant

cocoa powder n
kakao
powder from cocoa solids

coconut /ˈkoʊ.kə.nʌt/ /ˈkəʉ.kə.nat/ /ˈkəʊ.kə.nʌt/ [ˈkʰoʊ̯.kə.nʌt] [ˈkʰəʉ̯.kə.nat] [ˈkʰəʊ̯.kə.nɐt] [ˈkʰəʊ̯.kə.nʌt] n
kokos
edible flesh of coconut fruit
orzech kokosowy kokos
fruit of coco palm

coconut crab n
krab palmowy
Birgus latro

coconut milk n
mleczko kokosowe
the liquid from inside the seed of the coconut

coconut oil n
olej kokosowy
type of cooking oil extracted from coconuts

coconut palm n
palma kokosowa kokos właściwy kokos kokosowiec kokosowiec właściwy
Cocos nucifera

coconut water n
woda kokosowa
clear liquid found inside immature coconuts

cocoon /kəˈkuːn/ n
kokon
any similar protective case, whether real or metaphorical
protective case

cocooning n
zostawanie w domu
act of staying inside one's home

cod /kɑd/ /kɒd/ n
dorsz wątłusz pomuchla
marine fish of the family Gadidae

cod liver oil n
tran
nutritional supplement

coda /ˈkoʊ.də/ /ˈkəʊ.də/ n
powrót do normalnego poziomu
geology
wygłos
linguistics

coddle /ˈkɑ.dəl/ /ˈkɒd.əl/ /ˈkɔd.əl/ v
rozpieszczać
to treat gently or with great care

code /koʊd/ /kəʊd/ n
kod
instructions for a computer
set of rules for converting information
textual designation
kod szyfr
cryptographic system
kodeks
body of law
system of principles, rules or regulations

code /koʊd/ /kəʊd/ v
kodować
cryptography: to encode
programować kodować
write software programs

code block n
blok
programming

code monkey n
klepacz kodu
a computer programmer

code name n
kryptonim
name used to clandestinely identify something

code of conduct n
kodeks postępowania
set of rules dictating acceptable behaviour and decisions in a specified environment

code of honour n
kodeks honorowy
set of moral rules

codec n
kodek
A device or program capable of performing transformations on a data stream or signal

codeine /ˈkoʊˌdiːn/ /ˈkəʊ.diːn/ n
kodeina
addictive alkaloid narcotic

coder n
koder
device
programmer

codex /ˈkoʊdɛks/ /ˈkəʊdɛks/ n
kodeks
early book

codger /ˈkɑd͡ʒɚ/ /ˈkɒdʒə/ n
dziwak
an amusingly eccentric or grumpy and usually elderly man

codicil /ˈkɒdɪsɪl/ /ˈkəʊdɪsɪl/ n
kodycyl
addition made to a will

codification /ˌkɑ.dɪfɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/ /ˌkəʊ.dɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/ n
kodyfikacja
the process of precisely formulating a statement, as a code of laws

codified adj
skodyfikowany

codify /ˈ koʊ.dɪˌfaɪ/ /ˈ kɑd.ɪˌfaɪ/ /ˈ kəʊ.dɪˌfaɪ/ v
kodyfikować
to reduce to a code

coding n
kodowanie
process of encoding or decoding
programowanie
process of writing computer software code

coding theory n
teoria kodowania

codirect v
współreżyserować
to direct with another person

codirector n
współreżyser współreżyserka
someone who directs something together with one or more other people

codomain /ˌkoʊ.doʊˈmeɪn/ n
przeciwdziedzina
target set of a function

codpiece /ˈkɒdˌpiːs/ n
mieszek saczek
part of male dress to cover genitals
saczek
protection for the male genitals in suit of armor

coeditor n
współredaktor współredaktorka
one of two or more people serving together as editors of a work or project

coeducation n
koedukacja
education of both male and female students in the same institution

coefficient /ˌkoʊ.əˈfɪʃənt/ /ˌkoʊ.ɪˈfɪʃənt/ [ˌkəʊ.iˈfɪʃn̩t] [ˌkəʊ.ɪˈfɪʃn̩t] n
współczynnik
algebraic constant

coefficient of friction n
współczynnik tarcia
ratio

coefficientwise adj
po każdym współczynniku

coelacanth /ˈsiː.lə.kænθ/ n
latimeria
either of two species of deep-water fish

coelenterate /sɪˈlɛn.tə.ɹət/ /sɪˈlɛn.tɚ.ɪt/ n
jamochłon
member of the former phylum Coelenterata

coeliac disease n
celiakia
auto-immune disease characterised by sensitivity of the lining of the small intestine to gluten

coerce /koʊˈɝs/ /kəʊˈɜːs/ v
zmusić zmuszać
to use force, threat, or intimidation in attempt to compel one to act against their will

coercion /koʊˈɜːʃən/ /koʊˈɝʃən/ /koʊˈɝʒən/ n
przymus
actual or threatened force for the purpose of compelling action by another person

coevolution n
koewolucja
evolution featuring mutual adaptation

coexist v
koegzystować współistnieć
exist contemporaneously

coexistence n
koegzystencja współistnienie
two or more things existing together

coffee /ˈkɑ.fi/ /ˈkɒ.fi/ /ˈkɒf.i/ /ˈkɔ.fi/ /ˈkɔə.fi/ /ˈkɔː.fɪ/ adj
kawowy kawa
of a pale brown colour

coffee /ˈkɑ.fi/ /ˈkɒ.fi/ /ˈkɒf.i/ /ˈkɔ.fi/ /ˈkɔə.fi/ /ˈkɔː.fɪ/ n
kawa kawowy
beverage
kawa ziarna kawy
beans
kawowiec kawa
plant
kawowy kawa
colour

coffee bean n
ziarnko kawy ziarenko kawy
The seed of a tropical plant of the genus Coffea

coffee cup n
filiżanka
cup for coffee

coffee extract n
ekstrakt kawy
concentrated liquid

coffee grinder n
młynek do kawy
a device for pulverizing or powdering coffee beans

coffee grounds n
fusy
sediment

coffee pot n
imbryk do kawy
pot for coffee

coffee table n
ława
type of table

coffeemaker n
ekspres do kawy
kitchen apparatus used to brew and filter coffee

coffer /ˈkɑfɚ/ /ˈkɒfə/ /ˈkɔfɚ/ n
kaseton
architecture: ornamental sunken panel
szkatuła szkatułka
strongbox

coffin /ˈkɑfɪn/ /ˈkɒfɪn/ /ˈkɔfɪn/ n
trumna
box in which a dead person is buried

cofinal adj
współkońcowy
containing elements at least as late as any given element of the containing set

cofinality n
współkońcowość
the property of being cofinal

cofounder /kəʊˈfaʊndə/ /ˈkoʊ(ˌ)faʊndɚ/ /ˌkoʊˈfaʊndɚ/ n
współzałożyciel współzałożycielka
one who founds something with someone else

cog /kɑɡ/ /kɒɡ/ /kɔɡ/ n
ząb
tooth on a gear

cogeneration n
kogeneracja
simultaneous or serial production of heat and electricity from the same source

cognac /ˈkɒn.jæk/ /ˈkəʊn.jæk/ n
koniak
type of brandy

cognate /ˈkɑɡ.neɪt/ /ˈkɑɡ.nət/ /ˈkɑɡ.nɪt/ /ˈkɒɡ.neɪt/ /ˈkɒɡ.nət/ /ˈkɒɡ.nɪt/ adj
pokrewny
kindred by birth

cognition /kɑɡˈnɪʃ.ən/ /kɒɡˈnɪʃ.ən/ /kɔɡˈnɪʃ.ən/ n
percepcja poznanie
process of knowing

cognitive /ˈkɑɡ.nɪ.tɪv/ /ˈkɒɡ.nɪ.tɪv/ /ˈkɔɡ.nɪ.tɪv/ [ˈkɑɡ.nɪ.ɾɪv] [ˈkɔɡ.nɪ.ɾɪv] adj
poznawczy kognitywny
relating to mental functions

cognitive behavioral therapy n
terapia poznawczo-behawioralna
psychotherapeutic approach

cognitive dissonance n
dysonans poznawczy
conflict or anxiety resulting from inconsistencies between one's beliefs and one's actions or other beliefs

cognitive psychology n
psychologia poznawcza
branch of psychology

cognitive science n
kognitywistyka
multidisciplinary study of mind and behavior

cognizant /ˈkɒnɪzənt/ /ˈkɒɡnɪzənt/ adj
świadomy
aware

cohabitant n
konkubent konkubina konkubentka konkubin nieślubna nieślubny
person who cohabits with another

cohabitation /koʊhæbɪˈteɪʃən/ n
kohabitacja
act of living together
(politics) cooperation between politicians of opposing political parties

coherence n
koherencja
having the same wavelength and phase
koherencja kohezja spójność
quality of cohering; of being coherent
logical arrangements of parts

coherent /koʊˈhɛɹ.ənt/ /koʊˈhɪɹ.ənt/ /koːˈhɪɹ.ənt/ /kəʉˈhɪə.ɹənt/ /kəʊˈhɪə.ɹənt/ adj
koherentny
of waves having the same direction, wavelength and phase
orderly, logical and consistent

coherent light n
światło spójne

cohesion /koʊˈhiː.ʒən/ /kəʉˈhiː.ʒən/ /kəʊˈhiː.ʒən/ [kəʉˈhɪi.ʒən] n
koherencja kohezja spójność
the state of cohering, or of sticking together
kohezja
the various intermolecular forces that hold solids and liquids together
spójność
the degree to which functionally related elements belong together

cohort /ˈkoʊ̯.hɔɹt/ /ˈkəʊ.hɔː(ɹ)t/ n
kohorta
demographic grouping of people
division of Roman legion
kolektyw
group of people supporting the same thing or person

cohort study n
badanie kohorty
cohort study

coil /kwaɪl/ /kɔɪl/ n
cewka
coil of electrically conductive wire through which electricity can flow
zwój
something wound

coin /kwaɪn/ /kɔɪn/ n
moneta bilon
(currency) a piece of currency
moneta denar pentakl
one of the suits of minor arcana in tarot, or a card of that suit
żeton
a token used in a special establishment like a casino

coin /kwaɪn/ /kɔɪn/ v
wymyślić
to make up or invent, and establish

coin cell n
bateria guzikowa ogniwo guzikowe
a small battery having the form of a squat cylinder

coin purse n
portmonetka
small bag or pouch for coins

coincidence /koʊˈɪnsɪdəns/ /kəʊˈɪnsɪdəns/ /kəˈwɪnsɪdəns/ n
koincydencja zbieg okoliczności przypadek traf
state of events appearing to be connected when they are not

coincident /ˈkəʊˌɪn.sɪ.dn̩t/ adj
równoczesny
occurring at the same time

coitarche /ˌkəʊɪˈtɑː(ɹ)ki/ n
pierwszy stosunek płciowy
first coitus

coitus interruptus n
stosunek przerywany
sexual intercourse interrupted by withdrawal of the penis

coke /koʉk/ /koʊk/ /kəʊk/ n
koks
coal product
koka
short for cocaine

coke /koʉk/ /koʊk/ /kəʊk/ v
koksować
to produce coke
to turn into coke

cokeworks n
koksownia

cola /ˈkoʊlə/ /ˈkəʊ.lə/ n
cola kola
drink

colander /ˈkɑləndɚ/ /ˈkɒlɪndə(ɹ)/ /ˈkɔləndɚ/ n
durszlak cedzak
a bowl-shaped kitchen utensil with holes in it used for draining food such as pasta

colchicine /ˈkɑl.kəˌsiːn/ /ˈkɑl.t͡ʃəˌsiːn/ /ˈkɒl.kɪs.iːn/ /ˈkɒl.tʃɪs.iːn/ n
kolchicyna
alkaloid

cold /kaʉld/ /koʊld/ /kəʊld/ [kʰɒʊ(ɫ)d] [kʰɔʊ(ɫ)d] adj
chłodny oziębły
unfriendly
nieprzygotowany
unprepared
przeziębiony
of a person
zimny zimno
having a low temperature

cold /kaʉld/ /koʊld/ /kəʊld/ [kʰɒʊ(ɫ)d] [kʰɔʊ(ɫ)d] n
przeziębienie
illness
zimno chłód mróz ziąb
low temperature

cold brew coffee n
cold brew

cold chain n
łańcuch chłodniczy

cold cuts n
wędlina
meat

cold day in Hell n
jak rak świśnie a ryba piśnie
an event that will never happen

cold finger n
zimny palec
laboratory equipment

cold fish n
zimna ryba
heartless individual

cold front n
front chłodny
leading edge of an advancing mass of cold air

cold fusion n
zimna fuzja
nuclear fusion near room temperature

cold war /ˌkəʊld ˈwɔː/ n
zimna wojna
a period of hostile relations

cold weapon /koʊld ˈwɛpən/ /kəʊld ˈwɛp(ə)n/ n
broń biała
weapon that does not use explosives or fire

cold-blooded /ˈkoʊldˈblʌd.ɪd/ adj
bezlitosny bezwzględny nieczuły zimnokrwisty
lacking emotion or compunction

coldproof adj
mrozoodporny
resistant to cold

colectomy n
kolektomia
surgical procedure

coleslaw /ˈkəʊlslɔː/ n
coleslaw colesław kolesław
a salad

coli /ˈkoʊ.laɪ/ n
pałeczka okrężnicy
Escherichia coli

colic /ˈkɒl.ɪk/ n
kolka
abdominal pain

collaborate /kəˈlæb.ə.ɹeɪt/ /kəˈlæb.ɹeɪt/ v
kolaborować
to cooperate treasonably
współpracować
to work together on a piece of work

collaboration /kəˌlæbəˈɹeɪʃən/ [kʰəˌlæbəˈɹeɪ̯ʃən] n
kolaboracja
treasonous cooperation
współpraca
act of collaborating

collaborationism n
kolaboracja
the act of collaborating, especially with an enemy

collaborative /kəˈlæb.ə.ɹə.tɪv/ adj
wspólny
of, relating to, or done by collaboration

collaborator /kəˈlæbəɹeɪtə/ /kəˈlæbəɹeɪtɚ/ n
kolaborant kolaborantka zdrajca zdrajczyni
person who cooperates traitorously with an enemy
współpracownik współpracowniczka
person who works with others towards a common goal

collage /koʊˈlɑʒ/ /kɒˈlɑːʒ/ /kəˈlɑʒ/ /kəˈlɑːʒ/ /ˈkɒl.ɑːʒ/ n
kolaż
picture made by sticking other pictures onto a surface

collapse /k(ə)ˈlæps/ n
zapaść
act of collapsing

collapse /k(ə)ˈlæps/ v
bachnąć runąć
to fall down suddenly; to cave in

collar /ˈkɑ.lɚ/ /ˈkɒl.ə/ n
chomąto
part of harness
korona
the neck or line of junction between the root of a plant and its stem
kołnierz kołnierzyk
fabric garment part fitting around throat
obroża
device for restraining animal

collared antshrike n
mrowiec luskolicy
passerine bird

collared flycatcher n
muchołówka białoszyja
Ficedula albicollis

collared peccary n
pekari obrożny
mammal

collared pratincole n
żwirowiec łąkowy
Glareola pratincola

collateral damage n
straty cywilne
collateral damage

colleague /kɔˈliːɡ/ /kəˈliːɡ/ /ˈkɑliɡ/ /ˈkɒliːɡ/ n
kolega koleżanka
fellow member of a profession

collect /ˈkɑlɛkt/ /ˈkɑlɪkt/ /ˈkɒlɛkt/ /ˈkɒlɪkt/ n
kolekta
prayer said before reading of the epistle lesson

collect /kəˈlɛkt/ v
gromadzić zbierać zebrać zgromadzić
to gather together
kolekcjonować
to accumulate items for a hobby
odbierać ściągać
to get from someone

collect one's thoughts v
zbierać myśli zebrać myśli

collectible /kəˈlɛktɪbəl/ adj
kolekcjonerski
worthy or suitable for collecting

collecting /kəˈlɛktɪŋ/ n
kolekcjonerstwo zbieractwo
hobby

collection /kəˈlɛkʃən/ n
zbieranie
activity of collecting
zbiór kolekcja
set of items
zrzutka składka zbiórka
gathering of money for charitable or other purposes

collection plate n
taca
plate or other container passed among worshipers

collective /kəˈlɛktɪv/ adj
zbiorowy
in grammar

collective agreement n
układ zbiorowy
contract on terms and conditions of employment

collective memory n
pamięć kolektywna
shared pool of information

collective security n
bezpieczeństwo zbiorowe
concept of maintaining peace among all nations or members of a group

collectively adv
zbiorowo
in a collective manner

collectivism n
kolektywizm
A system in which the means are owned and controlled by people collectively

collectivity n
zbiorowość
a body of people considered as a whole

collectivization n
kolektywizacja
the act of collectivizing

collectivize v
kolektywizować

collector /kəˈlɛktə(ɹ)/ /kəˈlɛktɚ/ n
kolektor
amplified terminal on a bipolar junction transistor
zbieracz kolekcjoner
person or thing that collects

college /ˈkɑlɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈkɒlɪd͡ʒ/ n
kolegium
group sharing common purposes or goals
szkoła wyższa
institution of higher education
wydział
specialized division of a university

college town n
miasto uniwersyteckie
town or city dominated by its university population

collegial /kəˈliːd͡ʒi.əl/ /kəˈliːd͡ʒəl/ /kəˈliːd͡ʒɪ.əl/ adj
kolegialny
of, relating to, or ruled by colleagues

collegiate /kəˈliːd͡ʒi.ət/ /kəˈliːd͡ʒət/ adj
kolegialny
of, or relating to a collegium

collenchyma /kəˈlɛŋkəmə/ n
kolenchyma zwarcica
a supporting ground tissue just under the surface of various leaf structures formed before vascular differentiation

collide /kəˈlaɪd/ v
kolidować
to come into conflict, or be incompatible
zderzać zderzyć
to impact directly, especially if violent

collider n
zderzacz
particle accelerator

collier /ˈkɑliɚ/ /ˈkɒlɪə(ɹ)/ n
węglarz
person
węglowiec
vessel

collinear /koʊˈlɪn.i.ɚ/ /kəˈlɪn.i.ɚ/ adj
współliniowy
on the same straight line

collision /kəˈlɪʒən/ n
kolizja zderzenie
instance of colliding

collision theory n
teoria zderzeń aktywnych

collisionlessly adv
bezkolizyjnie

collisionlessness n
bezkolizyjność

collocation /ˌkɑl.əˈkeɪ.ʃən/ /ˌkɒl.əˈkeɪ.ʃən/ n
kolokacja

colloid /ˈkɒlɔɪd/ n
koloid
stable system of two phases

colloidal silver n
srebro koloidalne

colloquial /kəˈloʊ.kwi.əl/ /kəˈləʊ.kwɪəl/ adj
potoczny kolokwialny obiegowy swobodny
of oral communication language

colloquialism /kəˈloʊ.kwi.əˌlɪz.əm/ /kəˈləʊ.kwi.əˌlɪz.əm/ n
język obiegowy język pospolity język potoczny język powszechny język swobodny mowa potoczna
colloquial style of speaking
kolokwializm potocyzm wyrażenie potoczne
colloquial expression

colloquially /kəˈloʊ.kwi.əli/ /kəˈləʊ.kwɪəli/ adv
kolokwialnie potocznie
in a colloquial manner

collusion /kəˈluːʒən/ n
zmowa
conspiracy

colocolo n
kolokolo kot pampasowy ocelot pampasowy
Leopardus colocolo

colocynth /kɒl.əˈsɪnθ/ n
kolokwinta
plant or fruit of the Citrullus colocynthis

cologne /kəˈloʊn/ /kəˈləʊn/ n
woda kolońska
eau de Cologne

colon /ˈkoʊ.lən/ /ˈkəʊ.lɒn/ /ˈkəʊ.lən/ n
dwukropek
punctuation mark

colon /ˈkoʊlən/ /ˈkəʊ.lɒn/ /ˈkəʊ.lən/ n
okrężnica
the last part of the digestive system

colonel /ˈkɜːnəl/ /ˈkɝnəl/ n
pułkownik
commissioned office in the armed services

colonial /kəˈləʊ.ni.əl/ adj
kolonialny
of or pertaining to a colony
US: of or relating to the original thirteen colonies of the USA
US: of or relating to the style of architecture
of or pertaining to a period when a country or territory was a colony

colonialism /kəˈloʊ.ni.ə.lɪ.zəm/ /kəˈloʊ.njə.lɪ.zəm/ /kəˈləʊ.ni.ə.lɪ.zəm/ /kəˈləʊ.njə.lɪ.zəm/ n
kolonializm
policy of authority over people or territories

colonialist adj
kolonialny kolonialistyczny
or or pertaining to colonialism

colonization n
kolonizacja
process of establishing a colony

colonize /ˈkɑlənaɪz/ /ˈkɒlənaɪz/ v
kolonizować skolonizować
to begin a new colony

colonnade /ˌkɒləˈneɪd/ n
perystaza kolumnada
a series of columns at regular intervals

colonoscopy /kɑləˈnɑskəpi/ n
kolonoskopia
examination of the colon using a colonoscope

colony /ˈkɑ.lə.ni/ /ˈkɒl.ə.ni/ /ˈkɔl.ə.ni/ n
kolonia
region or governmental unit
group of organisms

color /ˈkʌl.ə(ɹ)/ adj
kolorowy
conveying color

color /ˈkʌl.ə(ɹ)/ n
barwa odcień
hue as opposed to achromatic colors
barwy
standard or banner (colors)
kolor
any of the standard dark tinctures used in a coat of arms
kolor skóry
human skin tone, especially as an indicator of race or ethnicity
kolor barwa
spectral composition of visible light
particular set of the visible spectrum
koloryt
interest, especially in a selective area

color /ˈkʌl.ə(ɹ)/ v
barwić kolorować zabarwiać
give something color

color blind adj
daltonista
unable to distinguish between two or more primary colors

color blindness n
ślepota barw barwoślepota daltonizm
condition in which the ability to see colors is impaired

coloratura /kɒləɹəˈtjʊɹə/ n
koloratura
fancy passage in vocal music

colorectal adj
odbytniczy
medicine: of or pertaining to the colorectum

colored /ˈkʌləɹd/ adj
barwny kolorowy
colorful
having a color
having a particular kind of color
podkolorowany ubarwiony
influenced pervasively but subtly

colored pencil n
kredka
pencil with a colored core

colorful /ˈkʌləfəl/ /ˈkʌlɚfəl/ adj
barwny barwisty
interesting, multifaceted
kolorowy barwisty wielobarwny
possessing prominent and varied colors

colorfully adv
barwiście barwnie kolorowo

colorfulness n
barwistość barwność kolorowość

coloring n
barwienie farbowanie kolorowanie
act or process

coloring book n
kolorowanka
a type of book

colorize v
koloryzować
to add color to
to convert a black and white media to color

colorlessly adv
bezbarwnie

colossal /kəˈlɒsəl/ adj
kolosalny ogromny olbrzymi
extremely large

colossus /kəˈlɑs.əs/ /kəˈlɒs.əs/ n
kolos
a statue of gigantic size
any creature or thing of gigantic size

colostrum /kəˈlɒstɹəm/ n
siara młodziwo mleziwo
a form of milk

colour television n
telewizja kolorowa
television in colour
telewizor kolorowy
a colour television set

colourless /ˈkʌlə(ɹ).ləs/ adj
bezbarwny
having no colour

colourlessness n
bezbarwność
state of being colourless

colposcope /ˈkɒlpəskəʊp/ n
kolposkop
a form of endoscope

colt /koʊlt/ /kɒlt/ /kəʊlt/ [kɔʊlt] n
źrebak ogierek
young male horse

coltan /ˈkoʊlˌtæn/ n
koltan
ore yielding niobium and tantalum

colter /ˈkoʊltɚ/ /ˈkəʊltə/ n
krój
cutter attached to the beam of a plow

coltsfoot n
podbiał podbiał pospolity
Tussilago farfara

columbarium n
kolumbarium
a place for the respectful and usually public storage of cinerary urns

columbine /ˈkɒləmbaɪn/ n
orlik
any plant of the genus Aquilegia

columbite n
kolumbit
mineral

column /ˈkɑljəm/ /ˈkɑləm/ /ˈkɒləm/ n
kolumna
column of troops
newspaper column
a vertical body of text
chemistry : object to separate components
kolumna słup
upright supporting structure
vertical line of entries in a table

columnist /ˈkɑ.lə.mɪst/ /ˈkɑ.ləm.nɪst/ /ˈkɒ.lə.mɪst/ /ˈkɒ.ləm.nɪst/ n
felietonista
regular writer of a column

colza n
rzepak
cabbage variety

coma /ˈkoʊmə/ /ˈkəʊmə/ n
śpiączka koma
Deep sleep
koma
Cloud surrounding a comet nucleus

comb /koʊm/ /kəʊm/ n
grzebień grzebyk
toothed implement for grooming the hair

comb /koʊm/ /kəʊm/ v
czesać
to groom the hair with a toothed implement
to separate choice cotton fibers from worsted cloth fibers
przeczesać przeczesywać
to search thoroughly as if raking over an area with a comb

comb-crested jacana n
długoszpon koralowy
Irediparra gallinacea

combat /kəmˈbæt/ /ˈkɑmˌbæt/ /ˈkɒmˌbæt/ n
walka
a battle; a fight

combat /kəmˈbæt/ /ˈkɑmˌbæt/ /ˈkɒmˌbæt/ v
zwalczać
to fight; to struggle for victory

combat engineer n
saper saperka

combat sport n
sport walki
sport that involves man-to-man combat

combatant /kəm.ˈbæ.tənt/ /ˈkɑm.bə.tənt/ /ˈkɒm.bə.tənt/ n
bojownik bojowniczka kombatant kombatantka
person engaged in combat, often armed

combative /kɒmˈbæ.tɪv/ /kəmˈbæ.tɪv/ /ˈkɑm.bə.tɪv/ /ˈkɒm.bə.tɪv/ adj
wojowniczy
given to fighting

combe /kuːm/ n
cyrk lodowcowy kar kocioł
deep, narrow valley

comber /ˈkoʊmɚ/ /ˈkəʊmə/ n
postrzygacz
person who combs wool

combination /kɑmbɪˈneɪʃən/ /kɒmbɪˈneɪʃən/ n
kombinacja
act of combining
combat sports
one or more elements selected without regard of the order

combination pliers n
kombinerki
a type of pliers

combinatorics /ˌkɑm.bɪn.əˈtɔɹ.ɪks/ n
kombinatoryka
a branch of mathematics

combine /kəmˈbaɪn/ /ˈkɑm.baɪn/ /ˈkɒm.baɪn/ n
kombinat
industrial conglomeration in the Soviet bloc

combine driver n
kombajnista
one who drives a combine

combine harvester /ˈkɑmˌbaɪn ˈhɑɹvəstəɹ/ n
kombajn
combine

combining form n
złożenie
word form

combover n
pożyczka zaczeska
a manner of combing hair to conceal a bald spot

combustion /kəmˈbʌs.t͡ʃən/ n
spalanie
the act or process of burning

combustion chamber n
komora spalania
space in a heat engine

combustion engine n
silnik spalinowy
engine that uses the combustion of fuel to create work

come /kʌm/ [km] [km̩] [kəm] [kʰɐm] [kʰʌm] v
dochodzić dojść
to orgasm
przyjść przychodzić przyjechać przyjeżdżać
to move nearer

come about v
powstawać powstać
to come about

come across v
natknąć się na natrafić
find, usually by accident

come again interjection
zapraszamy ponownie
polite farewell, inviting return visit

come along v
iść pójść
make progress

come back v
wracać wrócić
(intransitive) To return to a place

come clean v
wkładać między bajki włożyć między bajki
to confess

come down to earth v
schodzić z obłoków zejść z obłoków
idiomatic expression

come full circle v
zataczać koło zatoczyć koło
complete a cycle of transition, returning to where one started

come hell or high water adv
choćby się waliło i paliło żeby się waliło i paliło

come in handy v
przydawać się przydać się zgłaszać się do służby zgłosić się do służby
to prove to be useful or helpful

come into being v
powstać powstawać zaistnieć
start to exist

come into force v
wchodzić w życie wejść w życie
become valid or active

come into the world v
przychodzić na świat przyjść na świat
be born

come of age v
dorastać dorosnąć
reach a specific age where one is legally considered to be an adult

come on /ˌkʌm ˈɑn/ /ˌkʌm ˈɒn/ /ˌkʌm ˈɔn/ interjection
coś ty ej no ja cię proszę ja nie mogę kaman no co ty
expression of disbelief
weź
expression of exasperation/impatience

come on to v
flirtować podrywać
make a romantic or sexual advance to

come out of the closet v
coming out
self-disclosure of sexual orientation
ujawniać się ujawnić się
to tell others about a secret belief or preference

come to a head v
postawić sprawę na ostrzu noża stawiać sprawę na ostrzu noża
to rapidly reach a turning point or climax

come to grief v
lec w gruzach legnąć w gruzach
to have a disastrous outcome

come to grips with v
uporać się zmierzyć się
to confront directly

come to life v
ożywać ożyć
become alive

come to light v
wyjść na jaw
become known

come to one's senses v
opamiętać opamiętywać
to become reasonable, comprehending, or responsible

come to someone's aid v
przychodzić z pomocą przyjść z pomocą
to assist and rescue someone

come to someone's rescue v
przychodzić z pomocą przyjść z pomocą
to rescue someone from further harm

come to terms with v
brać się za bary wziąć się za bary
accept or resign oneself to something emotionally painful

come to think of it adv
a tak w ogóle, to jeśli się nad tym zastanowić, to swoją drogą
now that I think about it

come up v
podchodzić podejść
to come towards

come up with v
wymyślić
to invent, create

come upon v
natknąć się
to come across; to discover

come what may adv
niech się dzieje, co chce
idiomatic

comeback /ˈkʌmbæk/ n
comeback
return to fame etc.
riposta
retort or answer

comedian /kəˈmiːdi.ən/ n
komik
entertainer

comedy /ˈkɑmədi/ /ˈkɒmədi/ n
komedia
dramatic work that is light and humorous or satirical in tone
a choric song of celebration or revel
(medieval Europe) a narrative poem with an agreeable ending
a light, amusing play with a happy ending

comely /ˈkʌmli/ adj
urodziwy
pleasing or attractive to the eye

comet /ˈkɒmət/ n
kometa
a celestial body, generally with a tail

comfort /kʌmˈfɔɹt/ /ˈkʊm.fət/ /ˈkʌm.fət/ /ˈkʌm.fɚt/ [ˈkʰʌɱ.fɚt] n
komfort wygoda
contentment, ease
pociecha
consolation

comfort woman n
kobieta do towarzystwa
forced prostitute

comfort zone n
strefa komfortu
circumstances in which a person feels relaxed

comfortable /ˈkɐmf.tə.bəl/ /ˈkʌm.fə.tə.bəl/ /ˈkʌm.fəɹ.tə.bəl/ /ˈkʌmf.tə.bəl/ /ˈkʌmf.təɹ.bəl/ [ˈkʰɐɱf.tɘ.bɫ̩] [ˈkʰʌɱf.tə̥.bɫ̩] adj
wygodny wygodna
providing physical comfort and ease

comforter /ˈkʌmfətə/ /ˈkʌmfəɹtɚ/ n
kołdra
pocieszyciel pocieszycielka
person who comforts

comfrey /ˈkʌm.fɹi/ n
żywokost
perennial herb

comic /ˈkɑmɪk/ /ˈkɒmɪk/ adj
komediowy
related to comedy
komiczny zabawny śmieszny
being funny

comic /ˈkɑmɪk/ /ˈkɒmɪk/ n
komik
comedian
komiks
cartoon story
children's newspaper

comic book n
komiks
book or magazine

comic strip n
komiks
series of illustrations

comical /ˈkɑmɪkəl/ /ˈkɒmɪkəl/ adj
komiczny
relating to comedy
zabawny śmieszny
being funny, whimsically amusing

comics /ˈkɑmɪks/ /ˈkɒmɪks/ n
komiks
artistic medium

coming into force n
wejście w życie

comma /ˈkɑ.mə/ /ˈkɒm.ə/ /ˈkɔm.ə/ n
przecinek
punctuation mark ','
rusałka ceik
butterfly

command /kəˈmænd/ /kəˈmɑːnd/ n
komenda polecenie
computing: directive to a computer program
rozkaz komenda
order

commander /kəˈmandə/ /kəˈmændɚ/ /kəˈmɑːndə/ n
dowódca
one who exercises control and direction of a military or naval organization

commander in chief n
głównodowodzący naczelny wódz
supreme commander of the armed forces of an entire country

commandery /kəˈmænd(ə)ɹi/ /kəˈmɑːnd(ə)ɹi/ n
komandoria komturia
division of a manor under the control of a knightly commander

commanding officer n
dowódca
officer in command of a military unit

commandment /kəˈmændmənt/ /kəˈmændɪmənt/ /kəˈmændɪˌmɛnt/ /kəˈmɑːndmənt/ n
przykazanie
a command or edict

commando /kəˈmændoʊ/ /kəˈmɑːn.dəʊ/ n
komando
small fighting force
komandos komandoska
commando trooper

comme il faut /ˌkʌmilˈfoʊ/ /ˌkʌmiːlˈfəʊ/ adj
jak trzeba
proper; in keeping with etiquette or social standards

commemorate /kəˈmɛməˌɹeɪt/ v
uczcić pamięć
to honor the memory of someone or something
upamiętniać upamiętnić
to serve as memorial to someone or something

commemoration n
upamiętnienie
act of commemorating

commemorative adj
okolicznościowy pamiątkowy
serving to commemorate

commence /kəˈmɛns/ v
poczać poczynać
begin, start

commendable /kəˈmɛndəbəl/ /ˈkɒməndəbəl/ /ˈkɒmɛndəbəl/ adj
chwalebny godny pochwały
worthy of commendation

commendation /ˌkɑmənˈdeɪʃən/ /ˌkɒmənˈdeɪʃən/ n
rekomendacja
act of commending; praise

commensal /kəˈmɛnsəl/ adj
komensaliczny
of a form of symbiosis

commensal /kəˈmɛnsəl/ n
komensal
organism partaking in a commensal relationship
współbiesiadnik współbiesiadniczka
One who eats at the same table

commensalism /kəˈmɛnsəˌlɪzm̩/ n
komensalizm
sharing of the same environment

commensurate /kəˈmɛnsəɹət/ /kəˈmɛnʃəɹət/ adj
współmierny
proportionate; of a similar measurable standard

comment /ˈkɑmɛnt/ /ˈkɒm.ɛnt/ [ˈkʰɑmɛnt] [ˈkʰɒm.ɛnt] n
komentarz
programming: remark not affecting behavior
komentarz uwaga spostrzeżenie
spoken remark

comment /ˈkɑmɛnt/ /ˈkɒm.ɛnt/ [ˈkʰɑmɛnt] [ˈkʰɒm.ɛnt] v
komentować
to remark
komentować zakomentować
programming: to insert comments

comment out v
wykomentować zakomentować
disable a section of source code

commentary /ˈkɑ.mənˌtɛɹ.i/ /ˈkɒm.ən.tə.ɹi/ /ˈkɒm.ən.tɹi/ n
komentarz
A series of comments or annotations

commentator /ˈkɑmənˌteɪtəɹ/ n
komentator komentatorka
person who comments

commenter n
komentator
one who comments

commerce /kəˈmɜːs/ /kəˈmɝs/ /ˈkɑ.mɚs/ /ˈkɒm.əs/ n
handel
large scale trade

commercial /kəˈmɜːʃəl/ /kəˈmɝʃəl/ adj
komercyjny
of or pertaining to commerce

commercial /kəˈmɜːʃəl/ /kəˈmɝʃəl/ n
reklama
advertisement in a common media format

commercial bank n
bank komercyjny
type of bank

commercial banking n
bankowość komercyjna
activities of a commercial bank

commercialization /kəˌmɜːrʃəlaɪˈzeɪʃən/ n
komercjalizacja
the act of commercializing

commie /ˈkɑ.mi/ /ˈkɒm.i/ /ˈkɔm.i/ n
komuch komuszka
communist (pejorative)

comminution /ˌkɑməˈn(j)uʃən/ /ˌkɒmɪˈnjuːʃ(ə)n/ n
kruszenie rozdrabnianie
breaking or grinding up of a material

commiseration n
litość współczucie żal
act of commiserating

commissariat n
komisariat
a department of the government of the Soviet Union

commission /kəˈmɪʃən/ n
komisja
body of officials
official authority
misja
mission
prowizja komisja
fee charged

commission /kəˈmɪʃən/ v
zlecić zlecać
send to do something

commission agent n
agent agentka ajent ajentka

commit /kəˈmɪt/ v
popełniać
to do (something bad); to perpetrate

commit adultery v
cudzołożyć
commit adultery

commit suicide v
popełnić samobójstwo
to kill oneself

commitment /kəˈmɪtmənt/ n
zobowiązanie
being bound emotionally/intellectually

committed /kəˈmɪt.ɪd/ [kəˈmɪɾ.əd] [kəˈmɪɾ.ɪd] adj
oddany
associated in an exclusive (but not necessarily permanent) sexual relationship
oddany zaangażowany zagorzały
showing commitment
oddany zobowiązany
obligated by a pledge to some course of action

committee [kɑmɪˈtiː] [kɒmɪˈtiː] [kəˈmɪt.i] n
komitet komisja
group of persons convened for the accomplishment of some specific purpose

commodify /kəˈmɒdɪfɑj/ v
utowarowić
to make something a commodity

commodity /kəˈmɑdəti/ /kəˈmɒdəti/ n
towar dobro
anything movable traded

common /ˈkɑ.mən/ /ˈkɒm.ən/ /ˈkɒm.ʌn/ adj
obiegowy pospolity potoczny powszedni zwykły
usual
pospolity powszechny
found in large numbers or in a large quantity
wspólny męsko-żeński
grammar: of the gender resulting from the coalescence of the masculine and feminine genders
wspólny wzajemny
mutual
zwyczajny potoczny
ordinary

common /ˈkɑ.mən/ /ˈkɒm.ən/ /ˈkɒm.ʌn/ n
dobro wspólne
mutual good

common bean n
fasola
plant

common buzzard n
myszołów zwyczajny
Buteo buteo

common carp n
karp
species of carp

common clothes moth n
mól
type of moth

common cockchafer n
chrabąszcz majowy
Melolontha melolontha

common cold n
przeziębienie
mild infection

common columbine n
orlik pospolity
common columbine / Common Columbine, Aquilegia vulgaris

common crane n
żuraw żuraw zwyczajny
Grus grus

common currency n
powszechna praktyka
common practice, commonplace habit
punkt odniesienia
standard of measurement that can be used for comparing disparate things
wspólna waluta
currency that is common to several countries

common death adder n
zdradnica śmiercionośna

common denominator n
wspólny mianownik
common denominator in a category
common denominator in mathematics

common dogwood n
dereń świdwa świdwa
Cornus sanguinea

common fraction n
ułamek zwykły
fraction with two integers

common gender n
rodzaj wspólny
a grammatical gender

common goldeneye n
gągoł
medium sized sea duck

common good n
dobro wspólne
general interest of the population as a whole

common grackle n
wilgowron mniejszy
Quiscalus quiscula

common greenshank n
kwokacz
Tringa nebularia

common ground n
płaszczyzna porozumienia
commonly held beliefs or interests

common gull /ˈkɑːmən ˌɡʌl/ /ˈkɒmən ˌɡʌl/ n
mewa pospolita
Larus canus

common hepatica n
przylaszczka pospolita
Hepatica nobilis

common hill myna n
gwarek czczony
Gracula religiosa

common house martin n
jaskółka oknówka oknówka oknówka zwyczajna
Delichon urbicum

common kestrel n
pustułka pustułka zwyczajna
Falco tinnunculus

common knowledge n
wiedza powszechna
that which is known by most people

common lavender n
bławatka czyszczecz lawenda lekarska lawenda wonna lawenda wąskolistna
Lavandula angustifolia

common linnet n
makolągwa makolągwa zwyczajna
a common small bird (Linaria cannabina), of Europe, western Asia and north Africa

common moorhen n
kokoszka zwyczajna kokoszka wodna kurka wodna
Gallinula chloropus

common murre n
nurzyk
Uria aalge

common name n
nazwa popularna nazwa zwyczajowa
a name by which an organism is known to the general public

common noun n
apelatiwum apelatyw appellativum rzeczownik pospolity nazwa pospolita
noun that denotes any member or all members of a class

common pochard n
głowienka zwyczajna
Aythya ferina

common polypody n
paprotka zwyczajna
Polypodium vulgare

common practice n
powszechna praktyka

common purse n
wspólne fundusze
a shared or community fund

common quail n
przepiórka przepiórka zwyczajna
bird in the pheasant family

common raven n
kruk zwyczajny kruk
Corvus corax

common redpoll n
czeczotka zwyczajna
Acanthis flammea

common redshank n
krwawodziób
Tringa totanus

common rock thrush n
nagórnik
Monticola saxatilis

common rosefinch n
dziwonia
Carpodacus erythrinus

common rue n
ruta zwyczajna
Ruta graveolens

common sandpiper n
brodziec piskliwy
Actitis hypoleucos

common scoter n
markaczka
Melanitta nigra

common sense n
zdrowy rozsądek rozsądek
ordinary understanding

common shelduck n
ohar
bird

common shrew n
ryjówka aksamitna
Sorex araneus

common snipe n
bekas kszyk kszyk
the species Gallinago gallinago

common thread n
wspólny wątek
recurring characteristic or theme

common whitefish n
brzona głąbiel sieja sieja pospolita
Coregonus lavaretus

common whitethroat n
cierniówka
Sylvia communis

common yarrow n
krwawnik pospolity
Achillea millefolium

common year n
rok nieprzestępny
year that is not a leap year

commonly /ˈkɑmənli/ /ˈkɒmənli/ adv
powszechnie zwykle
as a rule; usually

commonplace /ˈkɑmənˌpleɪs/ /ˈkɒmənˌpleɪs/ adj
pospolity powszechny
ordinary

commonplace /ˈkɑmənˌpleɪs/ /ˈkɒmənˌpleɪs/ n
frazes
platitude or cliché

commonwealth /ˈkɑmənˌwɛlθ/ /ˈkɒmənˌwelθ/ /ˈkɒmənˌwɛlθ/ /ˈkɔmənˌwɛlθ/ n
wspólnota
form of government

commotion /kəˈmoʊ.ʃən/ /kəˈməʊ.ʃən/ n
bigos zamieszanie
agitated disturbance or a hubbub

commune /ˈkɑmjuːn/ /ˈkɒmjuːn/ n
gmina
local political division in many European countries

communicant /kəˈmjuːnɪkənt/ n
komunikant
person who receives Communion

communicate /kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/ v
porozumiewać porozumieć
to express or convey ideas, either through verbal or nonverbal means
przekazać przekazywać
to impart information or knowledge of; to make known, to tell

communication /kəˌmjuːnɪˈkeɪʃən/ n
komunikacja
concept of exchanging information
passageway or opening
act or fact of communicating anything
instance of data transfer
connection between tissues
wiadomość komunikacja
a message

communicational adj
komunikacyjny
relating to communications

communicative adj
komunikatywny
eager to communicate

communion /kəˈmjuːnjən/ n
komunia
a joining together of minds or spirits

communion wafer n
hostia opłatek
sacramental bread

communiqué /kəˌmjuːn.ɪˈkeɪ/ n
komunikat
official announcement

communism [ˈkɑ.mju.nɪ.zm̩] [ˈkɑ.mjə.nɪ.zm̩] [ˈkɒm.ju.nɪ.zm̩] [ˈkɔm.jə.nɪ.zm̩] n
komunizm
ideology/philosophy
society

communist /ˈkɑ.mju.nɪst/ /ˈkɑ.mjə.nɪst/ /ˈkɒm.jʊ.nɪst/ adj
komunistyczny komunista
of or relating to communism

communist /ˈkɑ.mju.nɪst/ /ˈkɑ.mjə.nɪst/ /ˈkɒm.jʊ.nɪst/ n
komunista komunistka
person who follows a communist philosophy

communistically adv
komunistycznie
characteristic of communism

community /k(ə)ˈmju.nə.ti/ /kəˈmjuː.nɪ.ti/ [k(ə)ˈmju.nə.ɾi] n
społeczność
group sharing a common understanding
wspólnota
residential or religious collective

community policeman n
dzielnicowy

communize v
komunizować
To impose Communist ideals upon

commutative adj
przemienny
mathematics: such that order of operands does not affect result

commute /kəˈmjuːt/ v
dojeżdżać
to regularly travel to and from work, school etc.

commuter rail n
kolej aglomeracyjna kolej podmiejska
railway

compact /kəmˈpækt/ /ˈkɑmˌpækt/ /ˈkɒmˌpækt/ adj
zwarty zwarta
topological sense

compact /kəmˈpækt/ /ˈkɑmˌpækt/ /ˈkɒmˌpækt/ n
puderniczka
small, slim folding case, often holding a mirror

compact camera n
aparat kompaktowy kompakt
type of camera

compact disc n
CD kompakt płyta kompaktowa
optical disc used to store data

compactification n
uzwarcenie
procedure of enlarging a topological space to make it compact
topological space enlarged to become compact

compactor /kɑmˈpæktɚ/ /kɒmˈpæktə/ n
ubijarka zagęszczarka
A Material-reducing Machine

compand v
kompandować

companding n
kompandowanie

companion /kəmˈpænjən/ n
towarzysz kompan kompanka towarzyszka wspólniczka wspólnik
someone with whom one spends time or keeps company

companionable adj
przyjacielski towarzyski
being worthy of companionship

companionship /kəmˈpænjənʃɪp/ n
asysta asystencja
association, fellowship

companionway n
kapa zejściówka
staircase or ladder

company /ˈkʌmp(ə)ni/ /ˈkʌmpəni/ n
asysta asystencja towarzystwo
companionship
asysta goście
social visitors
kompania
military unit
unit of firefighters and their equipment
group of individuals with a common purpose
kompania firma przedsiębiorstwo spółka
in legal context, a corporation

company car n
samochód służbowy
car for business and personal use

comparability /kəmˌpæɹəˈbɪlɪti/ /ˌkɒmp(ə)ɹəˈbɪlɪti/ n
porównywalność
quality of being comparable

comparable /kəmˈpæɹəbl̩/ /kəmˈpɛɹəbl̩/ /ˈkɑmp(ə)ɹəbl̩/ /ˈkɒmp(ə)ɹəbl̩/ adj
porównywalny
able to be compared

comparative /kəmˈpæɹ.ə.tɪv/ /kəmˈpɛɹ.ə.tɪv/ adj
porównawczy
of or relating to comparison

comparative /kəmˈpæɹ.ə.tɪv/ /kəmˈpɛɹ.ə.tɪv/ n
stopień wyższy
grammatical construction
word in comparative form

comparative advantage n
przewaga komparatywna
the ability to produce a particular good at a lower relative opportunity cost than another producer

comparative method n
metoda porównawcza
technique for studying the development of languages

compare /kəmˈpɛə/ /kəmˈpɛɚ/ [kəmˈpeə] [kəmˈpeɚ] [kəmˈpeɹ] [kəmˈpɛə] [kəmˈpɛɚ] [kəmˈpɛɹ] [kəmˈpɛː] v
porównywać porównać
to assess the similarities between two things or between one thing and another
stopniować
to form the three degrees of comparison of

comparison /kəmˈpæɹɪsən/ /kəmˈpɛɹɪsən/ n
gradacja stopniowanie klimaks
ability of adjectives and adverbs to form three degrees
porównanie
act of comparing or the state of being compared
evaluation of the similarities and differences of two (or more) things
state of being similar or alike

compartment /kəmˈpɑɹtmənt/ /kəmˈpɑːtmənt/ n
postument
heraldry: mound beneath the shield
przedział
chamber

compass /ˈkʌmpəs/ n
kompas
instrument to determine cardinal directions

compass point n
strona świata
any of the horizontal directions indicated on a compass

compass rose n
róża wiatrów
a circle indicating directions

compassion /kəmˈpæʃ.ən/ n
współczucie
deep awareness of the suffering of another

compassionate /kəmˈpæʃəneɪt/ /kəmˈpæʃənət/ adj
litościwy
having, feeling or showing compassion

compatibility /kəmˌpæt.əˈbɪl.ə.ti/ /kəmˌpæt.əˈbɪl.ɪ.ti/ [kəmˌpæɾ.əˈbɪl.ə.ɾi] n
kompatybilność
capability to exist without mutual interference

compatible /kəmˈpæt.ə.bəl/ [km̩ˈpæt.ə.bl̩] adj
kompatybilny
able to get along well
kompatybilny zgodny
capable of easy interaction

compatriot /kəmˈpeɪtɹi.ət/ /kəmˈpætɹi.ət/ n
rodak krajan rodaczka kompatriota kompatriotka krajanka
somebody from one's own country

compel /kəmˈpɛl/ v
zmusić zmuszać
force, constrain or coerce

compellation /ˌkɑmpəˈleɪʃən/ /ˌkɒmpəˈleɪʃən/ n
nazwa
name or title by which someone is addressed or identified
nazwanie
act of addressing a person by a certain name or title

compendium n
kompendium
short, complete summary

compensate /ˈkɑm.pənˌseɪt/ /ˈkɒm.pən.seɪt/ /ˈkɒm.pɛn.seɪt/ /ˈkɔm.penˌsæɪt/ v
kompensować równoważyć skompensować wyrównać wyrównywać zrównoważyć
to do (something good) after (something bad) happens
rekompensować zrekompensować
to pay or reward someone in exchange for work done or some other consideration

compensation /ˌkɑm.pənˈseɪ.ʃən/ /ˌkɒm.pənˈseɪ.ʃən/ /ˌkɒm.pɛnˈseɪ.ʃən/ /ˌkɔm.penˈsæɪ.ʃən/ n
kompensacja
act or principle of compensating
extinction of debts of which two persons are reciprocally debtors
rekompensata
that which constitutes, or is regarded as, an equivalent

compensatory lengthening /kɒmpɛnˈseɪtəɹi ˈlɛŋ(k)θ(ə)nɪŋ/ /kɒmˈpɛnsətəɹi-/ /kəmˈpɛnsəˌtɔɹi ˈlɛŋ(k)θənɪŋ/ n
wzdłużenie zastępcze
lengthening of a vowel sound which occurs when a following consonant is lost

compersion /kəmˈpɜːʒən/ /kəmˈpɝʒən/ n
wspólna radość współradość wzajemna radość
joy about partner's relation with another

compete /kəm.ˈpiːt/ v
konkurować
to contend

competence /ˈkɒmpətəns/ n
kompetencja
the quality or state of being competent for a general role.

competent /ˈkɒmpətənt/ adj
kompetentny
skilled
właściwy
law: having jurisdiction or authority

competition /ˌkɑːmpəˈtɪʃən/ /ˌkɒmpəˈtɪʃən/ n
konkurencja rywalizacja
action of competing
konkurs zawody
contest for a prize or award

competitive /kəmˈpɛtɪtɪv/ adj
konkurencyjny
economics: capable of competing successfully

competitive advantage n
przewaga konkurencyjna
attribute

competitor /kəm.ˈpɛt.ɪ.təɹ/ n
konkurent konkurentka rywalka współzawodniczka rywal współzawodnik
person against whom one is competing
zawodniczka zawodnik
participant in a competition

compilation /kɑmpɪˈleɪʃən/ /kɒmpɪˈleɪʃən/ n
kompilacja
translation of source code into object code by a compiler
act or process of compiling or gathering together from various sources
that which is compiled

compile /kəmˈpaɪl/ /kəmˈpɑɪl/ v
kompilować się skompilować się
be successfully processed by a compiler
kompilować skompilować
assemble from a collection
produce executable

compiler /kəmˈpaɪlə/ /kəmˈpaɪlɚ/ n
kompilator
computer program
a person who compiles

complacency /kəmˈpleɪsənˌsiː/ n
samozadowolenie
feeling of self-satisfaction

complain /kəmˈpleɪn/ v
narzekać skarżyć się
to express feelings of pain, dissatisfaction, or resentment
skarżyć składać skargę
to make a formal accusation or bring a formal charge

complainant /kəmˈpleɪnənt/ n
powód
plaintiff

complaint /kəmˈpleɪnt/ n
dolegliwość
bodily disorder or disease; the symptom of such a disorder
skarga zażalenie
grievance, problem, difficulty, or concern; the act of complaining

complement /ˈkɑmpləmənt/ /ˈkɒmpləmənt/ n
dopełnienie
set theory: absolute complement
set theory: relative complement

complementary angles n
kąty dopełniające
pair of angles

complementary distribution n
dystrybucja komplementarna
distribution of phones

complete /kɒmˈpliːt/ /kəmˈpliːt/ adj
kompletny pełny
with everything included
zupełna
of a category: such that all small limits exist
of a lattice: such that every set with a lower bound has a greatest lower bound
of metric space: such that every Cauchy sequence converges in it
zupełny
of a proof system: such that any semantically valid formula is also provable

complete /kɒmˈpliːt/ /kəmˈpliːt/ v
dopełnić skompletować uzupełnić
to make whole or entire
ukończyć
to finish

complete bipartite graph n
graf dwudzielny

complete graph n
graf pełny
graph

complete the square v
ukończyć kwadrat

completely /kəmˈpliːtli/ adv
całkowicie bezdennie bezwzględnie w całości
in a complete manner
całkowicie kompletnie zupełnie bez reszty do cna do spodu
to the fullest extent or degree

completeness n
całkowitość kompletność pełnia zupełność
state or condition of being complete

completion /kəmˈpliːʃən/ n
ukończenie zakończenie zrealizowanie
making complete; conclusion
uzupełnienie
mathematics: act of making a metric space complete by adding points
mathematics: space resulting from such an act

complex /kɑmˈplɛks/ /kəmˈplɛks/ /ˈkɑmplɛks/ /ˈkɒm.plɛks/ adj
skomplikowany złożony
not simple or straightforward
zespolony
in mathematics
złożony skomplikowany
intricate

complex /kɑmˈplɛks/ /kəmˈplɛks/ /ˈkɑmplɛks/ /ˈkɒm.plɛks/ n
kompleks
collection of buildings
psychologically based dislike or fear
kompleks związek koordynacyjny
in chemistry

complex conjugate n
liczba sprzężona sprzężenie (zespolone)
mathematics: number formed by changing the sign of the imaginary part of a complex number

complex number n
liczba zespolona
number of the form a + bi

complexion /kəmˈplɛkʃən/ n
cera karnacja płeć
appearance of the skin on the face

complexity /kəmˈplɛk.sɪ.ti/ n
zawiłość
that which is complex; intricacy; complication
złożoność zawiłość
the state of being complex; intricacy; entanglement

complexity class n
klasa złożoności

compliance /kəmˈplaɪəns/ n
podatność
measure of the extension or displacement of a loaded structure
ugoda
act of complying
ugodowość
tendency of conforming with others
zgodność
business: the department of a business that ensures all government regulations are complied with
state of being compliant

compliant /kəmˈplaɪənt/ /kəmˈplʌɪənt/ adj
zgodny
compatible with or following guidelines

complicate /ˈkɑmplɪkeɪt/ /ˈkɒmplɪkeɪt/ /ˈkɒmplɪkət/ v
komplikować skomplikować
to combine intricately

complicated /ˈkɑmplɪkeɪtɪd/ /ˈkɒmplɪkeɪtɪd/ adj
skomplikowany złożony
difficult or convoluted

complication n
komplikacja
feature beyond basic time display
the state of being complicated
komplikacja powikłanie
(medicine)

compliment /ˈkɑmpləmənt/ /ˈkɒmplɪmənt/ n
komplement pochlebstwo pochwała
expression of praise, congratulation or respect

complimentary /ˌkɑmplɪˈmɛnt(ə)ɹi/ /ˌkɒmplɪˈmɛnt(ə)ɹi/ adj
darmowy nieodpłatny

compline /ˈkɑmplɪn/ /ˈkɒmplɪn/ n
Kompleta
last of the canonical hours

component /kʌmˈpoʊnənt/ n
podzespół
smaller, self-contained part of larger entity

compos mentis /ˈkɒmpɒs ˈmɛntɪs/ adj
poczytalny
of sound mind

composer /kəmˈpoʊzəɹ/ /kəmˈpəʊzə/ n
kompozytor kompozytorka
one who composes music

composing stick n
kątnik wierszownik winkielak
A device used to hold printing type as it is being selected

composite bow n
łuk kompozytowy
bow made from horn, wood and sinew

composite number n
liczba złożona
number that is the product of two natural numbers other than itself and 1

composition /ˌkɒmpəˈzɪʃən/ n
skład
general makeup of something

compost /ˈkɑmpoʊst/ /ˈkɒmpɒst/ n
kompost
decayed remains of organic matter

compost /ˈkɑmpoʊst/ /ˈkɒmpɒst/ v
kompostować
to produce compost

composure /kəmˈpoʊʒɚ/ /kəmˈpəʊʒə/ n
opanowanie
calmness of mind or matter, self-possession

compote /ˈkɑmpoʊt/ /ˈkɒmpɒt/ /ˈkɒmpəʊt/ n
kompot
fruit dessert

compound /kəmˈpaʊnd/ /ˈkɑmpaʊnd/ /ˈkɒmpaʊnd/ n
związek
chemistry: substance made by chemical combination of elements

compound bow n
łuk bloczkowy

compound eye n
oko złożone
a visual organ found in arthropods such as insects and crustaceans

compound interest n
odsetki złożone
interest calculated on principal plus any unpaid interest

compound sentence n
zdanie złożone
a sentence that has two or more independent clauses, joined by a conjunction and/or punctuation.

compound word n
złożenie
word composed of others

comprehend /kɑmpɹɪˈhɛnd/ /kɒmpɹɪˈhɛnd/ v
obejmować objąć
to cover
pojmować pojąć
to understand

comprehensibility n
zrozumiałość
The property of being understandable

comprehensible /kɒmpɹəˈhɛnsɪbəl/ adj
zrozumiały
able to be comprehended

comprehension /ˌkɑmpɹɪˈhɛnʃn̩/ /ˌkɒmpɹɪˈhɛnʃn̩/ /ˌkɔmpɹɪˈhenʃn̩/ n
zrozumienie pojmowanie
thorough understanding

comprehensive /ˌkɑːm.pɹəˈhɛn.sɪv/ /ˌkɒm.pɹɪˈhɛn.sɪv/ adj
kompleksowy obszerny wszechstronny
broadly or completely covering

comprehensively adv
kompleksowo wszechstronnie
in a comprehensive manner

compress /ˈkɑmpɹɛs/ /ˈkɒmpɹɛs/ n
okład
cloth used to dress or apply pressure to wounds

compressed /kəmˈpɹɛst/ adj
sprężony
pressed tightly together

compressed air n
sprężone powietrze
air increased in pressure

compressibility n
ściśliwość
the degree to which something is compressible
thermodynamics

compressible adj
ściśliwy
able to be compressed

compression /kɒm.pɹɛʃ.ən/ n
kompresja
(computing) the process by which data is compressed
the act of compressing
kompresja sprężenie
the cycle of an internal combustion engine during which the fuel and air mixture is compressed

compression ratio n
stopień sprężania
the ratio of the size of compressed data to uncompressed data

compressor n
sprężarka kompresor
device that produces pressure

compressorless adj
bezsprężarkowy

comprise /kəmˈpɹaɪz/ v
składać się
be made up of
zawierać
include

compromise /ˈkɑmpɹəˌmaɪz/ /ˈkɒmpɹəˌmaɪz/ /ˈkɔmpɹəˌmɑɪz/ n
kompromis
settlement of differences by arbitration or by consent reached by mutual concessions

compulsive /kəmˈpʌlsɪv/ adj
kompulsywny przymusowy
uncontrolled or reactive and unconscious

compulsory /kəmˈpʌlsəri/ adj
obowiązkowy
mandatory

compulsory acquisition n
ekspropriacja wywłaszczenie
government's right to expropriate private land

compulsory education n
obowiązek szkolny
period of time in a child's life during which the child must receive schooling

compulsory purchase n
ekspropriacja wywłaszczenie
government's right to expropriate private land

computational linguistics n
lingwistyka komputerowa
interdisciplinary field dealing with the statistical and/or rule-based modeling of natural language from a computational perspective

computer /kəmˈpjutəɹ/ /kəmˈpjuːtə/ [kəmˈpʰjuɾəɹ] n
komputer
programmable electronic device
rachmistrz
person

computer chess n
szachy komputerowe

computer game /ˈkəmˈpjuːtəˌɡeɪm/ n
gra komputerowa
electronic game

computer graphics n
grafika komputerowa
representation and manipulation of pictures by computer

computer language n
język komputerowy
language associated with computers

computer literacy /kəmˌpjutəɹ ˈlɪt(ə)ɹəsi/ /kəmˌpjuːtə ˈlɪt(ə)rəsi/ [-ɾ(ə)ɹə-] n
zdolność do komputerów
ability to operate a personal computer

computer network n
sieć komputerowa

computer program n
program komputerowy
software

computer science n
informatyka
study of computers and their architecture

computer scientist n
informatyk informatyczka
one who studies or practises computer science

computer security n
bezpieczeństwo teleinformatyczne
branch of computer science

computer virus n
wirus komputerowy
computer virus

computer-aided design /ˈkəmˈpjuːtəˌeɪˈdɪdˌdɪˈzʌɪn/ n
CAD projektowanie wspomagane komputerowo
process of design using computers

computerization /kəmˌpjuːtəɹaɪˈzeɪʃən/ n
komputeryzacja
the act of computerizing

computerize v
komputeryzować skomputeryzować
equip with a computer or a computer system

computing /kəmˈpjuːtɪŋ/ n
informatyka
the study, field of computers and computer programming

comrade /-ɹeːd/ /ˈkɑmɹæd/ /ˈkɑmɹəd/ /ˈkɒmɹeɪd/ /ˈkʊmɹeɪd/ /ˈkʌmɹeɪd/ n
towarzysz kamrat druh kolega koleżanka kompan
mate, companion, or associate
towarzysz towarzyszka
fellow socialist or communist
title used in leftist circles

conative /ˈkoʊn.ə.tɪv/ /ˈkəʊn.ə.tɪv/ adj
impresywny
of a striving action

concave /kɑnˈkeɪv/ /kɒnˈkeɪv/ /kənˈkeɪv/ /ˈkɑn.keɪv/ /ˈkɒn.keɪv/ adj
wklęsły
curved inward

conceal /kənˈsil/ /kənˈsiːl/ v
schować skrywać ukryć chować ukrywać skryć
to hide something

concealer n
korektor
cosmetic

concede /kənˈsid/ /kənˈsiːd/ [kənˈsɪid] v
ustąpić ustępować
to yield or suffer; to surrender

conceited adj
zarozumiały
having an excessively favorable opinion of oneself

concentrate /ˈkɑn.sən.tɹeɪt/ /ˈkɒn.sən.tɹeɪt/ n
koncentrat
A substance that is in a condensed form

concentrate /ˈkɑn.sən.tɹeɪt/ /ˈkɒn.sən.tɹeɪt/ v
skupić koncentrować skoncentrować ogniskować skupiać ześrodkować
bring to, or direct toward, a common center
skupić koncentrować skoncentrować skupiać
focus one's thought or attention
skupić koncentrować skoncentrować skupiać zbierać zebrać
approach or meet in a common center
stężać stężyć zagęszczać zagęścić zatężać zatężyć
increase the strength and diminish the bulk of, as of a liquid or an ore

concentrated /ˈkɑnsəntɹeɪtɪd/ /ˈkɒnsəntɹeɪtɪd/ adj
skoncentrowany skupiony zmasowany
intense
skoncentrowany stężony zagęszczony
not dilute

concentration /ˌkɑnsənˈtɹeɪʃən/ /ˌkɒnsənˈtɹeɪʃən/ n
koncentracja skupienie
act or process of concentrating
stężenie koncentracja
chemistry: amount of solute present in a solution
proportion of substance in a mixture

concentration camp n
obóz koncentracyjny kacet
camp where large numbers of persons are detained

concentric adj
współśrodkowy
having a common center

concentricity n
współśrodkowość
condition of being concentric

concept /ˈkɑn.sɛpt/ /ˈkɒn.sɛpt/ n
pojęcie pomysł
something understood and retained in the mind

concept album n
album koncepcyjny
album

conception /kənˈsɛpʃən/ n
koncepcja
an image, idea, or notion formed in the mind
poczęcie
initiation of an embryonic animal life

conceptual /kənˈsep.t͡ʃʉ.əl/ /kənˈsɛp.tjʊəl/ /kənˈsɛp.t͡ʃu.əl/ /kənˈsɛp.t͡ʃʊəl/ adj
konceptualny
of, or relating to conceptualism

conceptual art n
sztuka konceptualna
genre of art

concern /kənˈsɜːn/ /kənˈsɝn/ v
dotyczyć tyczyć
to be of importance to
martwić
to make somebody worried

concerning /kənˈsɜːnɪŋ/ /kənˈsɝnɪŋ/ preposition
dotyczący
regarding

concert /kənˈsɜːt/ /kənˈsɝt/ /ˈkɑnsɚt/ /ˈkɒnsət/ n
koncert
a musical entertainment in which several voices or instruments take part
musical accordance or harmony

concert hall n
sala koncertowa
building

concertina /ˌkɑnsɚˈtinə/ /ˌkɒnsəˈtiːnə/ n
koncertyna
the musical instrument

concession /kənˈsɛʃən/ n
koncesja
admission of defeat
grant of land for a specified purpose

conchiglie n
conchiglioni
type of pasta

conciliation n
koncyliacja
alternative dispute resolution
ending of strife

conciliatory /kənˈsɪl.i.əˌtɔɹ.i/ adj
pojednawczy ugodowy
willing to conciliate

concise /kənˈsaɪs/ adj
zwięzły lakoniczny
brief and precise

conclusion /kənˈkluːʒən/ n
konkluzja
of a syllogism
wniosek konkluzja
decision, judgment
wniosek rezultat wynik
outcome

concoct /kənˈkɒkt/ [kʰəŋˈkʰɒkt] v
przyrządzać przyrządzić
to prepare something by mixing various ingredients, especially to prepare food for cooking
wymyślić
to contrive something using skill or ingenuity

concoction /kənˈkɑkʃɪn/ /kənˈkɒkʃən/ [kʰənˈkʰɑkʃɪn] [kʰəŋˈkʰɑkʃɪn] n
konkokcja
mixture so prepared

concomitant /kənˈkɑːmətənt/ /kənˈkɒmɪtənt/ adj
współistniejący
following as a consequence

concordat /kənˈkɔːdæt/ n
konkordat
agreement

concourse /ˈkɒŋkɔː(ɹ)s/ n
hala
a large open space in a building where people can gather

concrete /kɑŋˈkɹiːt/ /kɵnˈkɹiːt/ /kɵŋˈkɹiːt/ /ˈkɑnkɹiːt/ /ˈkɑŋkɹiːt/ /ˈkɒnkɹiːt/ /ˈkɒŋkɹiːt/ /ˌkɑnˈkɹiːt/ adj
betonowy
made of concrete
konkretny
particular, perceivable, real
not abstract

concrete /kɑŋˈkɹiːt/ /kɵnˈkɹiːt/ /kɵŋˈkɹiːt/ /ˈkɑnkɹiːt/ /ˈkɑŋkɹiːt/ /ˈkɒnkɹiːt/ /ˈkɒŋkɹiːt/ /ˌkɑnˈkɹiːt/ n
beton
building material

concrete /kɑŋˈkɹiːt/ /kɵnˈkɹiːt/ /kɵŋˈkɹiːt/ /ˈkɑnkɹiːt/ /ˈkɑŋkɹiːt/ /ˈkɒnkɹiːt/ /ˈkɒŋkɹiːt/ /ˌkɑnˈkɹiːt/ v
betonować
cover with concrete

concrete jungle n
betonowa dżungla
unattractive urban area due to lack of greenery

concreter n
betoniarz
concrete worker

concretism n
konkretyzm
abstractionist movement

concretization n
konkretyzacja
process of concretizing; result of this

concretize v
konkretyzować skonkretyzować
to make substantial, real, or tangible

concubinage n
konkubinat
the state of cohabitating while not married

concubine /ˈkɑŋkjəbaɪn/ n
konkubina nieślubna konkubentka
a woman who lives with a man, but who is not a wife

concupiscent /kɑːnˈkjuːpɪ.sənt/ /kɒnˈkjuːpɪ.sənt/ /kənˈkjuːpə.sənt/ adj
lubieżny zmysłowy
amorous, lustful

concur /kəŋˈkɜː/ /kəŋˈkɝ/ v
zgadzać się
To unite or agree

concurrence n
zgoda
agreement

concussion /kənˈkʌʃn̩/ /kənˈkʌʃən/ n
wstrząs
violent collision or shock
wstrząs mózgu wstrząśnienie mózgu
injury

condemn /kənˈdɛm/ /kənˈdɪm/ v
potępiać potępić
to scold sharply

condemnation /ˌkɑndəmˈneɪʃən/ /ˌkɒndəmˈneɪʃən/ /ˌkɒndɛmˈneɪʃən/ n
potępienie
state of being condemned

condensate /ˈkɒndənseɪt/ /ˈkɒndənsət/ n
kondensacja kondensat
product of condensation

condensation /ˌkɑn.dɛnˈseɪ.ʃən/ n
kondensacja
chemistry, the reaction of two substances with the simultaneous loss of water
state
the act or process
skraplanie kondensacja
physics: conversion of a gas to a liquid

condensed milk n
mleko skondensowane
milk that has been reduced to syrup

condenser n
kondensor
lens designed to gather light
skraplacz kondensator
device designed to condense a gas into a liquid

condescending /ˈkɔn.dɪ.sɛnd.ɪŋ/ /ˈkɔnˌdi.sɛnd.ɪŋ/ /ˌkɑndəˈsɛndɪŋ/ adj
protekcjonalny
assuming a tone of superiority or a patronizing attitude

condescendingly /kɒn.dɪˈsɛn.dɪŋ.li/ adv
protekcjonalnie
In a condescending manner

condescension /kɑndiˈsɛnʃən/ /kɒndiˈsɛnʃən/ n
protekcjonalizm protekcjonalność
patronizing attitude or behavior

condiment /ˈkɒn.dɪ.mənt/ n
przyprawa
something used to enhance flavor

condition /kənˈdɪʃən/ n
stan kondycja
health status of a patient
state of an object
warunek
requirement or requisite
logical clause or phrase

condition /kənˈdɪʃən/ v
przysposabiać przysposobić przyuczać przyuczyć
to shape the behaviour of someone to do something
przywykać przywyknąć
to undergo the process of acclimation

conditional /kənˈdɪʃ.nəl/ /kənˈdɪʃ.ə.nəl/ adj
warunkowy
in logic

conditional /kənˈdɪʃ.nəl/ /kənˈdɪʃ.ə.nəl/ n
tryb przypuszczający
grammar: mode/mood

conditional probability n
prawdopodobieństwo warunkowe
probability

condole /kənˈdoʊl/ v
współczuć
to express sympathetic sorrow, to lament

condolence /kənˈdoʊləns/ /ˈkɒndələns/ n
kondolencje
sympathy when someone has died
współczucie
comfort, support or sympathy

condolences /kənˈdoʊlənsəz/ /ˈkɒndələnsəz/ interjection
moje kondolencje
funeral expression

condolences /kənˈdoʊlənsəz/ /ˈkɒndələnsəz/ n
kondolencje
sympathy

condom /ˈkɑn.dəm/ /ˈkɒn.dɒm/ /ˈkɒn.dəm/ /ˈkʌn.dəm/ n
prezerwatywa kondom
flexible sleeve worn on the penis

condominium /kɑn.dəˈmɪn.i.əm/ /kɒn.dəˈmɪn.ɪ.əm/ n
kondominium
joint sovereignty over a territory
mieszkanie własnościowe
unit or apartment in such a complex
wspólnota mieszkaniowa
building in which each unit is owned by an individual, but the grounds is owned jointly

conducive /kənˈdjuːsɪv/ /kənˈdusɪv/ adj
sprzyjający
tending to contribute to, encourage, or bring about some result

conduct /kənˈdʌkt/ /ˈkɑndʌkt/ /ˈkɒndʌkt/ n
fabuła
plot of a literary work
kierownictwo
skillful guidance or management; generalship
zachowanie
manner of guiding or carrying oneself
zarządzanie
act or method of controlling or directing

conduct /kənˈdʌkt/ /ˈkɑndʌkt/ /ˈkɒndʌkt/ v
dyrygować
music: to direct
kierować poprowadzić prowadzić
lead or guide
direct or manage
prowadzić
to serve as a medium for conveying
prowadzić przeprowadzać przeprowadzić
to carry out
przewodzić
act as a conductor (of heat, electricity, etc.)
zachować się zachowywać się
reflexively: behave

conductivity n
konduktywność przewodność
ability to conduct

conductor /kənˈdʌktɚ/ n
dyrygent dyrygentka
person who conducts an orchestra, choir or other music ensemble
konduktor
person who takes tickets on public transportation
przewodnik
something which can transmit electricity, heat, light or sound

condyle /ˈkɒndaɪl/ /ˈkɒndɪl/ n
kłykieć
prominence on a bone

cone /ˈkoʊn/ /ˈkəʊn/ n
stożek
solid of revolution
surface of revolution
anything shaped like a cone
szyszka
fruit of conifers

cone cell n
czopek
any of the cylindrical photoreceptor cells in the retina

coneflower n
jeżówka
Echinacea
rudbekia
Rudbeckia

confection /kənˈfɛkʃən/ n
słodycze
food item

confectioner n
cukiernik cukierniczka
manufacturer of or dealer in confections

confectionery /kənˈfɛkʃənəɹi/ /kənˈfɛkʃənɹi/ n
cukiernictwo
business of manufacturing confectionery
słodycze
sweet foodstuffs (collectively)

confederation /kənfɛdəˈɹeɪʃən/ n
konfederacja
union or alliance of states

confer /kənˈfɜː/ /kənˈfʌɹ/ [kʰə̥ɱˈfɚ] v
wiecować
to discuss, consult

conference /ˈkɑnf(ə)ɹəns/ /ˈkɒnf(ə)ɹəns/ [ˈkʰɑɱ.fɹn̩s] [ˈkʰɑɱ.fɹəns] n
konferencja zjazd
a meeting of people

conference interpreter n
tłumacz konferencyjny

conference interpreting n
tłumaczenie konferencyjne

confess /kənˈfɛs/ v
przyznawać się przyznać się
to admit to the truth
spowiadać się
to disclose everything to a Catholic priest

confession /kənˈfɛʃən/ n
konfesja wyznanie
acknowledgment of belief
spowiedź wyspowiadanie się
disclosure of one's sins to a priest
spowiedź wyznanie przyznanie zwierzenie
open admittance

confessional /kənˈfɛʃənəl/ n
konfesjonał
small room where confession is performed

confessor /kənˈfɛsə/ /kənˈfɛsɚ/ /ˈkɒnfɛs(ɔ)ə/ /ˈkɒnfɛsɔː/ n
spowiednik
priest who hears confession
wyznawca
one who confesses faith in Christianity

confidant /ˈkɑn.fɪ.dɑnt/ /ˈkɒn.fɪˌdænt/ /ˌkɒn.fɪˈdænt/ n
powierniczka powiernik zausznica zausznik
person in whom one can confide

confidence /ˈkɑn.fɪ.dəns/ /ˈkɒn.fɪ.dəns/ n
pewność siebie
self-assurance

confidence interval n
przedział ufności
a particular kind of interval estimate of a population parameter

confident /ˈkɑn.fɪ.dənt/ /ˈkɒn.fɪ.dənt/ [ˈkʰɑɱ.fə.dn̩t] [ˈkʰɒɱ.fə.dn̩t] adj
pewien pewny przeświadczony
being very sure of or positive about something

confidential /ˌkɑːnfɪˈdɛnʃl/ adj
poufny
meant to be kept secret within a certain circle

confidentiality n
poufność
property

confidently /ˈkɑnfɪdəntli/ /ˈkɒnfɪdəntli/ adv
pewnie
in a confident manner

configuration /kənˌfɪɡ.jəˈɹeɪ̯.ʃən/ /kənˌfɪɡ.əˈɹeɪ̯.ʃən/ /kənˌfɪɡ.əˈɹæɪ̯.ʃən/ n
konfiguracja
relative disposition

confirm /kənˈfɜːm/ /kənˈfɝm/ v
bierzmować
to confer the confirmation
potwierdzać potwierdzić
to assure

confirmand n
bierzmowana bierzmowany
candidate for confirmation or affirmation of baptism

confirmation /ˌkɑn.fəɹˈmeɪ.ʃən/ /ˌkɒn.fəˈmeɪ.ʃən/ [ˌkʰɑɱ.fɚˈmeɪ.ʃn̩] [ˌkʰɒɱ.fəˈmeɪ.ʃn̩] n
bierzmowanie konfirmacja
Christian ceremony or sacrament
potwierdzenie
indicator
potwierdzenie konfirmacja
verification

confiscate v
konfiskować
take possession of by authority

confiscation n
konfiskata
the act or process of confiscating an item from public use; expropriation

confiture /ˈkɑnfɪt͡ʃɚ/ /ˈkɒnfɪtjʊə(ɹ)/ n
konfitura konfitury
a preserve or candied fruit

conflagration /ˌkɒnfləˈɡɹeɪʃən/ n
pożar pożoga
a large, ferocious, and destructive fire

conflate /kɒnˈfleɪt/ /kənˈfleɪt/ v
połączyć
to fuse into a single entity

conflict /kənˈflɪkt/ /ˈkɑn.flɪkt/ /ˈkɒn.flɪkt/ n
konflikt batalia walka
clash or disagreement

conflict-free adj
bezkonfliktowy
not involving any serious disagreement or argument

conflictless adj
bezkonfliktowy

conflictlessness n
bezkonfliktowość

confluence /kənˈflu.əns/ /ˈkɑnˌflu.əns/ /ˈkɒn.flu.əns/ n
konfluencja zbieg
point where two rivers or streams meet

conform /kənˈfɔɹm/ /kənˈfɔːm/ v
dostosować się
to be in accordance with a set of specifications

conformal adj
konforemny równokątny wiernokątny
mathematics: that preserves angles unchanged
wiernokątny
cartography: that preserves angles over small scales, at all except a limited number of points

conformant adj
zgodny ze specyfikacją

conformism n
konformizm
willingness to conform

confrontation /ˌkɑn.fɹənˈteɪ.ʃən/ /ˌkɒn.fɹənˈteɪ.ʃən/ /ˌkɔn.fɹənˈtæɪ.ʃən/ n
konfrontacja
the act of confronting or challenging another, especially face-to-face
a conflict between armed forces

confrontational /ˌkɒnfɹənˈteɪʃənˈəl/ adj
konfliktowy konfrontacyjny
Pertaining to a confrontation; characterized by, or given to initiating hostile encounter; in-your-face

confuse /kənˈfjuːz/ v
pomylić
to mix up / muddle up one thing with another; to mistake one thing for another
zmieszać
to puzzle, perplex, baffle, bewilder somebody

confused /kənˈfjuːzd/ adj
zakłopotany zmieszany
chaotic, jumbled or muddled
zdezorientowany
disoriented

confusing /kənˈfjuːzɪŋ/ adj
mylący zagmatwany
difficult to understand

confusion /kənˈfjuːʒən/ n
nieporozumienie zamieszanie
state of being confused; misunderstanding
zamieszanie chaos
lack of clarity or order

congeal /kənˈd͡ʒiːl/ v
zestalić
to change from a liquid to solid state

congenial /kənˈd͡ʒiːniəl/ adj
arcymiły
friendly

congenially adv
arcymile arcymiło

congenital adj
wrodzony
present since birth

congenital insensitivity to pain n
analgezja wrodzona
CIP

congestion /-ˈd͡ʒɛʃ.d͡ʒən/ /kənˈd͡ʒɛst.ʃən/ /kʊnˈd͡ʒɛʃ.d͡ʒən/ n
zator
accumulation, buildup
excess of traffic

conglomerate /kənˈɡlɑm.əˌɹeɪt/ /kənˈɡlɑm.ɚ.ɪt/ /kənˈɡlɑm.ɹɪt/ /kənˈɡlɒm.(ə.)ɹət/ /kənˈɡlɒm.əˌɹeɪt/ n
konglomerat
corporation formed by the combination of several smaller corporations
konglomerat zlepieniec żwirowiec
rock consisting of gravel or pebbles embedded in a matrix

congratulate /-d͡ʒ.ə-/ /-t͡ʃ.ə-/ /kənˈɡɹæd͡ʒ.ʊˌleɪt/ /kənˈɡɹæt͡ʃ.ʊˌleɪt/ v
gratulować winszować pogratulować powinszować
to express one’s sympathetic pleasure or joy to the person(s) it is felt for

congratulation /kənˌɡɹætjʊˈleɪʃ(ə)n/ n
gratulacje
act of congratulating

congratulations /-d͡ʒə-/ /-d͡ʒʊ-/ /-tjə-/ /-tjʊ-/ /-t͡ʃʊ-/ /kənˌɡɹat͡ʃəˈleɪʃ(ə)nz/ /kənˌɡɹæt͡ʃəˈleɪʃ(ə)nz/ interjection
gratulacje
expressing approbation

congregation /ˌkɑŋɡɹəˈɡeɪʃən/ /ˌkɒŋɡɹɪˈɡeɪʃən/ n
kongregacja
Roman Congregation
zebranie zgromadzenie
large gathering of people
zgromadzenie
religious gathering of people in a place of worship

congress /-ɹɛs/ /kənˈɡɹɛs/ /kəŋˈɡɹɛs/ /ˈkɑŋɡɹəs/ /ˈkɒŋˌɡɹɛs/ n
kongres
conference
legislative body
association

congressman n
kongresman kongresmen
member of congress

congresswoman n
kongresmanka kongresmenka
female member of congress

congruence /ˈkɑŋ.ɡɹu.əns/ /ˈkɒŋ.ɡɹʊ.əns/ /ˈkɔŋ.ɡɹʉ.əns/ n
kongruencja przystawanie
geometry, quality of being roughly the same size and shape
number theory, relation indicating two numbers give the same remainder when divided by some number
kongruencja stosowność
the quality of agreeing or corresponding

congruent /kənˈɡɹu.ənt/ /ˈkɑŋ.ɡɹu.ənt/ /ˈkɒŋ.ɡɹu.ənt/ /ˈkɔŋ.ɡɹʉ.ənt/ adj
kongruentny przystający
with difference divisible by modulus
przystający
coinciding when superimposed

conic section n
stożkowa przekrój stożkowy
Any of the four distinct shapes that are the intersections of a cone with a plane

conical /ˈkɑnɪkəl/ /ˈkɒnɪkəl/ adj
stożkowy
of or relating to a cone
stożkowy stożkowaty koniczny
cone-shaped

conifer /ˈkɒnɪfə(ɹ)/ n
choinka drzewo iglaste
plant

coniferous /kəˈnɪfəɹəs/ adj
iglasty
of a conifer

coniine n
koniina
poison

conjugate /ˈkɑn.d͡ʒə.ɡeɪt/ /ˈkɑn.d͡ʒə.ɡət/ /ˈkɒn.d͡ʒə.ɡeɪt/ /ˈkɒn.d͡ʒə.ɡət/ /ˈkɔn.d͡ʒə.ɡæɪt/ /ˈkɔn.d͡ʒə.ɡət/ v
odmieniać konjugować
to inflect (a verb) for each person

conjugate transpose n
sprzężenie hermitowskie macierzy

conjugation /ˌkɑnd͡ʒəˈɡeɪʃən/ /ˌkɒnd͡ʒəˈɡeɪʃən/ n
koniugacja
in some languages, one of several classifications of verbs
act of conjugating a verb
fusion of organisms
połączenie
coming together of things

conjunction /kənˈd͡ʒʌŋk.ʃən/ n
koniunkcja spójnik
astronomy: alignment of two bodies in the solar system such that they have the same longitude when seen from Earth
logic: proposition resulting from the combination of two or more propositions using the and operator
połączenie łączenie
act of joining or being joined
spójnik koniunkcja
grammar: word used to join words or phrases

conjunctionless adj
bezspójnikowy

conjunctiva /kənˈdʒʌŋ(k).tɪv.ə/ /kənˌd͡ʒʌŋ(k)ˈtaɪ.və/ /ˌkɑnˌd͡ʒʌŋ(k)ˈtaɪ.və/ /ˌkɒn.dʒʌŋ(k)ˈtʌɪ.və/ n
spojówka
mucous membrane

conjunctive adj
koniunkcyjny
logic: of or relating to logical conjunction

conjunctive normal form n
koniunkcyjna postać normalna

conjunctivitis /kənˌd͡ʒʌŋktɪˈvaɪtɪs/ n
zapalenie spojówek
inflammation

conlanger /ˈkɑn.læŋ.ɚ/ /ˈkɒn.læŋ.ə/ n
językotwórca
one who creates constructed languages

connate adj
kopalny
geology

connect /kəˈnɛkt/ v
połączyć łączyć
associate
przesiadać przesiąść
make a travel connection
łączyć połączyć
to join an electrical or telephone line
to join two or more pieces

connect the dots v
połączyć kropki łączyć kropki
to make connections in one's mind, arriving at a more holistic understanding of a situation

connected /kəˈnɛktɪd/ adj
spójna spójny
topology: cannot be partitioned into two nonempty open sets
spójny
graph theory: having a path connecting every pair of vertices

connected component n
składowa spójna
maximally connected subset

connecting rod n
korbowód
rod that transmits power or motion

connection /kəˈnɛkʃən/ n
przesiadka
transport: transfer

connective /kəˈnɛktɪv/ n
spójnik
function that operates on truth values

connective tissue n
tkanka łączna
type of tissue

connectome /kəˈnɛktəʊm/ n
konektom
complete description of nervous system connectivity

connector n
złącze
mating pair of devices

conning tower n
kiosk
structure of submarine

connoisseur /ˌkɑnəˈsɝ/ /ˌkɑnəˈsʊɹ/ /ˌkɒnəˈsɜː/ /ˌkɒnəˈsʊə/ n
znawca koneser koneserka znawczyni
specialist whose opinion is valued

connotation /ˌkɑnəˈteɪʃən/ /ˌkɒnəˈteɪʃən/ n
konotacja skojarzenie
suggested or implied meaning

connote /kɒˈnəʊt/ /kəˈnoʊt/ /kəˈnəʊt/ v
konotować przywodzić na myśl przywoływać
to imply, to suggest
sugerować
to signify beyond principal meaning

conquer /ˈkɑŋkɚ/ /ˈkɒŋkə/ v
podbijać podbić
defeat in combat

conqueror /ˈkɑŋˌkɚ.ɚ/ /ˈkɒŋˌkə.ɹə/ /ˈkɔnˌkɚ.ɚ/ n
zdobywca
someone who conquers

conquest /ˈkɑnkwəst/ /ˈkɑnkwɛst/ /ˈkɑŋ-/ /ˈkɒŋkwəst/ /ˈkɒŋkwɛst/ n
podboju podbój tryb
competitive mode in first-person shooter games
podbój
act or instance of achieving victory through combat; subjugation of an enemy

conrod n
korbowód
Abbreviation of connecting rod

consanguinity /kɑnsæŋˈɡwɪnəti/ /kɑnsæŋˈɡwɪnɪti/ /kɒnsaŋˈɡwɪnəti/ /kɒnsaŋˈɡwɪnɪti/ n
pokrewieństwo
a blood relationship

conscience /ˈkɑn.ʃəns/ /ˈkɒn.tʃəns/ /ˈkɒn.ʃəns/ n
sumienie
moral sense

conscientious /ˌkɑnʃiˈɛnʃəs/ /ˌkɒnʃiˈɛnʃəs/ adj
sumienny skrupulatny
thorough, careful, or vigilant

conscientious objector n
obdżektor
someone refusing to fight in an armed conflict because of religious or moral principles

conscientiousness n
sumienność
state or characteristic of being conscientious

conscious /ˈkɑn.ʃəs/ /ˈkɒn.ʃəs/ /ˈkɒntʃəs/ adj
świadomy przytomny
alert, awake

consciously adv
świadomie
in a conscious manner; knowingly, volitionally

consciousness /ˈkɑnʃəsnəs/ /ˈkɒnʃəsnəs/ n
świadomość przytomność
awareness

conscript /kənˈskɹɪpt/ /ˈkɑnskɹɪpt/ /ˈkɒnskɹɪpt/ n
poborowy rekrut
draftee

conscription /kənˈskɹɪpʃən/ n
pobór asenterunek branka
involuntary labor, especially military service

conscriptional adj
asenterunkowy

consecrate /ˈkɑnsəkɹeɪt/ /ˈkɑnsəkɹət/ /ˈkɒnsəkɹeɪt/ /ˈkɒnsəkɹət/ v
poświęcić święcić
declare holy, or make holy by some procedure

consecration /ˌkɒnsɪˈkɹeɪʃən/ n
konsekracja
action of consecrating

consecutio temporum /ˌkɒnsəˈkjuːʃiəʊ ˌtɛmˈpɔːɹəm/ n
następstwo czasów
sequence of tenses

consecutive /kənˈsɛkjʊtɪv/ adj
kolejny
following, in succession, without interruption

consecutive interpreting n
tłumaczenie konsekutywne
type of oral translation

consensus /kənˈsɛnsəs/ n
konsensus
general agreement

consent /kənˈsɛnt/ n
zgoda pozwolenie
voluntary agreement

consent /kənˈsɛnt/ v
przyzwalać przyzwolić zgadzać zgodzić
to express willingness

consequence /ˈkɑnsɪkwəns/ /ˈkɑnsɪkwɛns/ /ˈkɒnsɪkwɛns/ n
konsekwencja następstwo
that which follows something on which it depends
skutek konsekwencja
result of actions, especially unpleasant

consequent /ˈkɑn.sɪ.kwənt/ /ˈkɒn.sɪ.kwənt/ /ˈkɔn.sɪ.kwənt/ n
następnik
the second half of a hypothetical proposition

consequently /ˈkɑːnsəˌkwɛntli/ /ˈkɑːnsɪˌkwɛntli/ /ˈkɒnsɪˌkwɛntli/ adv
konsekwentnie
as a result or consequence

conservation /ˌkɑnsə(ɹ)ˈveɪʃən/ n
konserwacja
The act of preserving, guarding, or protecting

conservationist n
konserwatysta konserwatystka
A person who maintains natural areas or protects threatened species

conservatism n
konserwatyzm
political philosophy that favors maintaining limited government involvement
political philosophy that moral objectivism exists, and should be adhered to

conservative /kənˈsɜːvətɪv/ /kənˈsɝvətɪv/ adj
konserwatywny
supporting fiscal, political or social conservatism
konserwatywny zachowawczy
tending to resist change

conservative /kənˈsɜːvətɪv/ /kənˈsɝvətɪv/ n
konserwatysta
one who favors the status quo
konserwatysta konserwatystka
UK: member of the Conservative party
konserwatywny
political conservative
fiscal conservative

conservatively adv
konserwatywnie
in a conservative manner

conservator n
konserwator konserwatorka
one who conserves, preserves or protects something
konserwator konserwatorka restaurator restauratorka
professional who works on the conservation and restoration of objects

conservatory /kənˈsɜː.və.tɹi/ /kənˈsɝ.vəˌtɔ.ɹi/ n
konserwatorium
school of music or drama

conserve /kənˈsɜː(ɹ)v/ /ˈkɒnsɜː(ɹ)v/ v
konserwować zakonserwować
to save for later use

consider /kənˈsɪdə/ /kənˈsɪdɚ/ /kənˈsɪɾə/ [kənˈsɪɾɚ] v
baczyć obserwować
look at attentively
rozważać
think of doing
think about seriously
debate or dispose of a motion
uważać uznawać
assign some quality to

consider it done /kənˈsɪdə ɪt dʌn/ phraseologicalUnit
masz to jak w banku
consider it done

considerable /kənˈsɪdəɹəbl̩/ /kənˈsɪdɹəbl̩/ adj
znaczny spory znaczący
worth considering

considerably /kənˈsɪdəɹəbli/ /kənˈsɪdɹəbli/ adv
znacznie
significantly

consignee /ˌkɒn.saɪˈniː/ n
odbiorca
The person to whom a shipment is to be delivered

consigner n
konsygnant
party that consigns
party that provides merchandise for consignment sale

consignment /kənˈsaɪnmənt/ n
przekazanie wysyłka
the act of consigning
przesyłka przesyłka konsygnowana
A collection of goods to be sent, in transit or having been sent

consilience /kənˈsɪ.li.əns/ n
konsyliencja
concurrence of multiple inductions

consist /kənˈsɪst/ v
składać składać się
to be composed (of)

consist in v
polegać
have the thing mentioned as only or most important part

consistence /kənˈsɪst(ə)ns/ /kənˈsɪstəns/ n
konsystencja
physical quality

consistency /kənˈsɪstənsi/ n
konsystencja
degree of viscosity of something
niesprzeczność
logic: state of a system of axioms
spójność
reliability or uniformity; the quality of being consistent

consistent /kənˈsɪstənt/ adj
konsystentny spójny
not logically contradictory

consolation /ˌkɑn.səˈleɪ.ʃən/ /ˌkɒn.səˈleɪ.ʃən/ n
nagroda pocieszenia
prize for the loser
pociecha konsolacja pocieszenie
act of consoling

consolation prize n
nagroda pocieszenia
award given to persons or groups of people who do not win

console /ˈkɑn.soʊl/ /ˈkɒn.səʊl/ n
konsola
architecture: ornamental member jutting out of a wall
cabinet with controls, instruments, and displays
stand-alone cabinet housing home entertainment equipment

console /kənˈsoʊl/ /kənˈsəʊl/ v
pocieszać pocieszyć
to comfort

consoler n
pocieszyciel
one who gives consolation

consolidation n
konsolidacja
the combination of several actions into one

consonant /ˈkɑn.sə.nənt/ /ˈkɑns.nənt/ /ˈkɒn.sə.nənt/ n
spółgłoska
letter
sound

consonant cluster n
zbitka spółgłoskowa
consonant cluster

consonantal /ˌkɑn.sə.ˈnæn.təl/ /ˌkɑn.sə.ˈnɛn.təl/ /ˌkɒn.sə.ˈnæn.təl/ adj
konsonantyczny spółgłoskowy
of, relating to, or functioning as a consonant

consort /kənˈsɔɹt/ /kənˈsɔːt/ /ˈkɑnsɔɹt/ /ˈkɒnsɔːt/ n
małżonek małżonka
husband, wife, companion or partner

consortium /kənˈsɔː(ɹ).ti.əm/ /kənˈsɔː(ɹ).ʃəm/ n
konsorcjum
association or combination of businesses

conspecific /ˌkɑnspəˈsɪfɪk/ /ˌkɒnspəˈsɪfɪk/ adj
współplemienny
relating to the same species

conspecific /ˌkɑnspəˈsɪfɪk/ /ˌkɒnspəˈsɪfɪk/ n
współplemieniec
organism belonging to the same species

conspicuous /kənˈspɪk.ju.əs/ adj
niezwykły rażący
noticeable or attracting attention, especially if unattractive
zauważalny rzucający się w oczy widoczny
obvious or easy to notice

conspiracy /kənˈspɪɹəsi/ n
spisek
an agreement to break the law
spisek zmowa konspiracja knucie podziemie
act of working in secret to obtain some goal

conspiracy of silence /kənˌspɪɹəsi əv ˈsaɪləns/ n
zmowa milczenia
an agreement

conspiracy theorist /- ˌθiː.ɘ.ɹɘst/ /- ˌθiː.ə.ɹəst/ /- ˌθɪɚ.əst/ /- ˌθɪɚ.ɪst/ /kɘnˈspɘɹ.ɘ.siː ˌθiə.ɹɘst/ /kənˈspɪɹ.ə.si ˌθi.ɚ.əst/ /kənˈspɪɹ.ə.si ˌθɪəɹɪst/ /kənˈspɪɹ.ə.siː ˌθɪə.ɹəst/ n
foliara foliarz teoretyczka spiskowa teoretyk spiskowy
one who believes in a conspiracy theory

conspiracy theory /- θiːɘɹiː/ /- θiːəɹi/ /- θiːəɹiː/ /- θɪɹi/ /kɘnˈspɘɹɘsiː θiəɹiː/ /kənˈspɪɹəsi θi.əɹi/ /kənˈspɪɹəsi θɪəɹi/ /kənˈspɪɹəsiː θɪəɹiː/ n
teoria spiskowa
hypothetical speculation

conspirator /kənˈspɪɹətə/ /kənˈspɪɹətɚ/ n
konspirator konspiratorka spiskowiec
person who is part of a conspiracy

conspiratorial /kənˌspɪɹəˈtɔːɹɪəl/ adj
spiskowy konspiracyjny
pertaining to conspiracy or conspirators

conspire /kənˈspaɪə(ɹ)/ v
konspirować knuć kombinować spiskować uknuć
to secretly plot

constant /ˈkɑnstənt/ /ˈkɒnstənt/ adj
bezustanny
consistently recurring over time

constant /ˈkɑnstənt/ /ˈkɒnstənt/ n
stała
algebra: quantity that remains fixed
identifier that is bound to an invariant value
science: property that does not change

constant function n
funkcja stała
class of function

constant of integration n
stała całkowania
constant to be added at the indefinite integral

constantly /ˈkɑnstənʔli/ /ˈkɒnstəntli/ adv
bezustannie
recurring regularly
bezustannie ciągle nieustannie
in a constant manner

constantness n
bezustanność

constellation /ˌkɑn.stəˈleɪ.ʃən/ /ˌkɒn.stəˈleɪ.ʃən/ [ˌkɑn.stəˈleɪ.ʃn̩] [ˌkɒn.stəˈleɪ.ʃn̩] n
gwiazdozbiór konstelacja
any of the 88 regions of the sky officially recognized by the International Astronomical Union
arbitrary formation of stars perceived as a figure or pattern, or a division of the sky including it
wide, seemingly unlimited, assortment

consternation /ˌkɑn.stɚˈneɪ.ʃən/ /ˌkɒn.stəˈneɪ.ʃən/ n
konsternacja
amazement or horror; terror, combined with amazement; dismay

constipation /ˌkɒnstɪˈpeɪʃən/ n
obstrukcja zaparcie konstypacja zatwardzenie
state of bowels

constituent /kənˈstɪtjuənt/ /kənˈstɪt͡ʃuənt/ n
element
functional element of a phrase or clause
składnik
part, or component of a whole
wyborca
resident of a place represented by an elected official

constitute /ˈkɑnstɪt(j)uːt/ /ˈkɒnstɪtjuːt/ v
stanowić
to make up; to compose; to form

constitution /-ˈtʃuː-/ /ˌkɑnstɪˈtuʃ(ə)n/ /ˌkɒnstɪˈtjuːʃ(ə)n/ n
budowa ciała konstytucja
general health of a person
konstytucja
formal or informal system of primary principles and laws regulating a government or other institutions
act or process of setting something up, or establishing something; composition, structure, makeup
konstytucja ustawa zasadnicza
legal document describing such a formal system

constitutional /-stə-/ /ˌkɑnstɪˈt(j)uʃ(ə)n(ə)l/ /ˌkɒnstɪˈtjuːʃ(ə)n(ə)l/ adj
konstytucyjny
in compliance with or valid under a legal or political constitution
relating to a legal or political constitution

constitutional court n
sąd konstytucyjny
court dealing with constitutional law or issues

constitutional monarchy n
monarchia konstytucyjna
monarchy limited by laws and a constitution

constitutionalism /ˌkɑnstɪˈtuʃənəˌlɪzəm/ /ˌkɒnstɪˈtjuːʃənəˌlɪzəm/ n
konstytucjonalizm
belief in government under a written constitution

constitutionalist n
konstytucjonalista
who adheres to constitutionalism
who is specialist in constitutional law

constitutionality n
konstytucyjność
(law) The status of being constitutional

constitutionally /kɒnstɪˈtjuːʃən(ə)li/ adv
konstytucyjnie
in accordance with a political constitution

constraint /kənˈstɹeɪnt/ /kənˈstɹæɪnt/ n
ograniczenie warunek
mathematics: condition to a solution
przymus ograniczenie
something that constrains

construct /kənˈstɹʌkt/ /ˈkɑn.stɹʌkt/ /ˈkɒn.stɹʌkt/ v
konstruować budować skonstruować zbudować
build or form by assembling parts

constructed language n
język sztuczny
artificially created language

construction /kənˈstɹʌkʃən/ n
budowla
structure
konstrukcja
manner in which something is built
geometric construction
konstrukcja budowa
process of constructing
konstrukcja budowla budynek
anything constructed

construction site n
budowa plac budowy
place where something is being constructed

constructive /kənˈstɹʌktɪv/ adj
konstruktywny
carefully considered and meant to be helpful

constructive logic n
logika intuicjonistyczna

constructivism n
konstruktywizm
movement in modern art

constructor /kənˈstɹʌktə/ /kənˈstɹʌktɚ/ n
konstruktor
in object oriented programming: code that creates objects

construe /kənˈstɹuː/ /ˈkɒnstəɹ/ n
interpretacja tłumaczenie
interpretation
translacja tłumaczenie
translation

construe /kənˈstɹuː/ /ˈkɒnstəɹ/ v
interpretować tłumaczyć
to interpret or explain the meaning of something
rozbierać gramatycznie
to analyze the grammatical structure

consubstantiation /kɔn.sʌbs.tn̩.ʃiˈeɪ.ʃən/ n
konsubstancjacja
the presence of the body of Christ with the bread and wine of the sacrament

consul /ˈkɑn.səl/ /ˈkɒn.səl/ n
konsul
official who protects the interests of citizens
either of the two highest-ranking officials of the Roman republic

consular adj
konsularny
pertaining to a consul

consulate /ˈkɑnsələt/ /ˈkɑnsəlɪt/ /ˈkɒnsjʊlət/ /ˈkɒnsələt/ n
konsulat
the residency of a consul
an office of a government, comparable to an embassy

consultant /kənˈsʌl.tənt/ n
doradca konsultant doradczyni konsultantka
person or party that is consulted

consultation /ˌkɑnsl̩ˈteɪʃən/ /ˌkɒnsl̩ˈteɪʃən/ n
konsultacja
act of consulting

consume /kənˈsjuːm/ /kənˈsjʉːm/ /kənˈsum/ /kənˈʃuːm/ v
spożywać spożyć
eat
zużyć
use up

consumer /kənˈsjuːmə/ /kənˈsumɚ/ /kənˈʃuːmə/ n
konsument konsumentka
person purchasing goods

consumer credit n
kredyt konsumencki kredyt konsumpcyjny
credit for purchase of consumer goods

consumer good n
dobra konsumpcyjne

consumer society n
społeczeństwo konsumpcyjne

consummate /kənˈsʌmɪt/ /ˈkɑnsəmeɪt/ /ˈkɑnsəmət/ /ˈkɒnsjʊmeɪt/ /ˈkɒnsjʊmət/ /ˈkɒnsəmeɪt/ /ˈkɒnsəmət/ adj
doskonały wytrawny
complete, perfect, absolute

consummate /kənˈsʌmɪt/ /ˈkɑnsəmeɪt/ /ˈkɑnsəmət/ /ˈkɒnsjʊmeɪt/ /ˈkɒnsjʊmət/ /ˈkɒnsəmeɪt/ /ˈkɒnsəmət/ v
skonsumować
to make a marriage complete by engaging in first sexual intercourse
zakończyć
to bring something to completion

contact /kənˈtækt/ /ˈkɑntækt/ /ˈkɒntækt/ n
kontakt
an act of touching physically
someone with whom one is in communication
an establishment of communication
electrical: a device designed for repetitive connections
szkło kontaktowe
colloquial: a contact lens

contact /kənˈtækt/ /ˈkɑntækt/ /ˈkɒntækt/ v
kontaktować skontaktować
establish communication with

contact lens n
soczewka kontaktowa szkło kontaktowe kontakty soczewka
thin lens placed directly on the eye

contact person n
osoba kontaktowa

contact sport n
sport kontaktowy
sport involving physical contact

contact tracing n
ustalanie kontaktów zakaźnych
the process of identification of persons who may have come into contact with an infected person

contactless adj
bezdotykowy bezstykowy
not needing contact

contactlessly adv
bezdotykowo

contactor /ˈkɑntæktɚ/ /ˈkɒntæktə/ n
stycznik
relay used to control an electrical power circuit

contagion /kənˈteɪd͡ʒən/ n
zarażenie
transmission of a contagious disease

contagious /kənˈteɪdʒəs/ adj
zaraźliwy
of a disease, easily transmitted to others
of a fashion, laughter, etc, easily passed on to others

contagiousness n
zaraźliwość
state or condition of being contagious

contain /kənˈteɪn/ v
zawierać
hold inside
include as a part

container /kənˈteɪnə/ /kənˈteɪnɚ/ n
kontener
a very large, typically metal, box used for transporting goods
kontener pojemnik
abstract data type
file format
pojemnik
an item in which objects, materials or data can be stored or transported

container ship n
kontenerowiec
cargo vessel

contaminant n
zanieczyszczenie
that which contaminates

contaminate /kənˈtæmɪneɪt/ v
skazić zatruwać
To introduce impurities or foreign matter

contamination /kənˌtæm.əˈneɪ.ʃən/ /kənˌtæm.ɪˈneɪ.ʃən/ /kənˌtæm.ɪˈnæɪ.ʃən/ [kənˌɾ̃æm.əˈneɪ.ʃən] n
adideacja kontaminacja
The influence of a term (often foreign) on the development of another term
kontaminacja
A grammatical blend
skażenie
The act or process of contaminating

contemplation /ˌkɑntəmˈpleɪʃən/ /ˌkɒntəmˈpleɪʃən/ n
bogomyślność
Holy meditation
kontemplacja medytacja
The act of the mind in considering with attention; continued attention of the mind to a particular subject; meditation; musing; study

contemplative /kənˈtɛmplətɪv/ /ˈkɒntəmplətɪv/ adj
bogomyślny
pertaining to a religious contemplative, or a contemplative religious orders
refleksyjny kontemplacyjny medytacyjny
inclined to contemplate; introspective and thoughtful; meditative

contemporaneous /kənˌtɛm.pəˈɹeɪ.ni.əs/ /ˌkɒn.tɛm-/ adj
jednoczesny
existing or created in the same period of time

contemporaneously /kənˌtɛmpəˈɹeɪni.əsli/ /ˌkɒntɛmpəˈɹeɪni.əsli/ adv
bieżąco

contemporary /kənˈtɛm.p(ə).ɹi/ /kənˈtɛm.p(ə).ɹəɹ.i/ adj
współczesny nowoczesny
modern
ówczesny współczesny
from the same time period

contempt /kənˈtɛmpt/ n
lekceważenie obraza
law: open disrespect or willful disobedience of the authority
lekceważenie pogarda
a state of being despised or dishonored
pogarda lekceważenie
a feeling or attitude

contempt of court n
obraza sądu
disrespect of a court of law

contemptible /kənˈtɛmptəbəl/ adj
zasługujący na pogardę
deserving contempt

contemptuous /kənˈtɛm(p).tju.əs/ /kənˈtɛm(p).tʃu.əs/ /kənˈtɛm(p).tʃəs/ /kənˈtɛmp.t͡ʃu.əs/ adj
pogardliwy
showing contempt

contender /kənˈtɛn.dɚ/ n
zawodniczka zawodnik
someone who competes

content /kənˈtɛnt/ adj
zadowolony kontent ukontentowany
satisfied

content /ˈkɑn.tɛnt/ /ˈkɒn.tɛnt/ /ˈkɔn.tɛnt/ n
ilość pojemność
the amount of material contained
treść
subject matter
zawartość
that which is contained

content /kənˈtɛnt/ v
zadowalać zadowolić zaspokajać zaspokoić
satisfy

contentious /kənˈtɛn.ʃəs/ adj
kłótliwy swarliwy
given to struggling
sporny kontrowersyjny
marked by controversy

contentment /kənˈtɛntmənt/ n
zadowolenie
state or degree of being contented

contents /ˈkɑn.tɛnts/ /ˈkɒn.tɛnts/ n
zawartość treść
that which is contained

contentwise adv
pod względem treści

contest /kənˈtɛst/ /ˈkɑn.tɛst/ /ˈkɒn.tɛst/ n
debata spór
controversy
konkurs
competition

contestant /kənˈtɛstənt/ [kənˈtʰɛstənt] n
zawodniczka zawodnik
participant in a contest

context /ˈkɑn.tɛkst/ /ˈkɒn.tɛkst/ /ˈkɔn.tekst/ n
kontekst
circumstances or settings
text in which a word appears

contextually adv
kontekstowo
In a contextual manner

contiguity /ˌkɑn.təˈɡju.ə.ti/ /ˌkɑn.tɪˈɡju.ɪ.ti/ /ˌkɒn.tɪˈɡjuː.ɪ.ti/ [ˌkɑn.təˈɡju.ə.ɾi] [ˌkɑn.ɾəˈɡju.ə.ɾi] n
przyległość
state in which objects are physically touching

continent /ˈkɑnt(ə)nənt/ /ˈkɑntɪnənt/ /ˈkɒntɪnənt/ n
kontynent
each of main land-masses on earth's surface

continental drift n
wędrówka kontynentów
continental drift

continental shelf n
półka kontynentalna szelf kontynentalny
the area of sea around a land mass

contingency plan n
plan B plan awaryjny
alternative plan

continual /kənˈtɪnjuəl/ /kənˈtɪnjəl/ adj
bezustanny
recurring in steady, rapid succession

continuality n
bezustanność

continually /kənˈtɪnjuəli/ /kənˈtɪnjəli/ adv
bezustannie
in regular or repeated succession

continualness n
bezustanność

continuation /kənˌtɪn.jʉˈæɪ.ʃən/ /kənˌtɪnjuˈeɪʃ(ə)n/ /kənˌtɪnjʊˈeɪʃ(ə)n/ [kənˌtɪn.jʉˈæɪ.ʃn̩] n
kontynuacja dalszy ciąg
act or state of continuing

continue /kənˈtɪnjuː/ v
kontynuować w dalszym ciągu
transitive: proceed

continued fraction n
ułamek łańcuchowy
number theory

continuity /ˌkɑn.tɪˈn(j)uː.ə.ti/ /ˌkɒn.tɪˈnjuː.ə.ti/ n
ciągłość
lack of interruption
notion in mathematics

continuous /kənˈtɪn.juː.əs/ adj
ciągły
in mathematical analysis
in grammar
ciągły nieustanny
without break, cessation, or interruption in time
nieprzerwany
without break, cessation, or interruption in space

continuous function n
funkcja ciągła
function from one topological space to another
function whose value changes only slightly when its input changes slightly

continuously /kənˈtɪnjuəsli/ adv
ciągle nieprzerwanie
without pause

continuum /kənˈtɪnjuəm/ n
kontinuum
continuous series or whole

contour /-tɔː(ɹ)/ /ˈkɒntʊə(ɹ)/ n
izolinia
line on a map or chart
kontur
outline, boundary or border

contour line n
poziomica warstwica
line on a map

contourless adj
bezkonturowy

contra /ˈkɒntɹə/ adv
wbrew
contrary to something

contra /ˈkɒntɹə/ n
konto wykluczające inne konto
(accounting) an entry (or account) that cancels another entry

contra /ˈkɒntɹə/ preposition
kontra
against, contrary or opposed to

contraception n
antykoncepcja
use of a device or procedure

contraceptive /ˈkɒn.tɹəˌsɛp.tɪv/ adj
antykoncepcyjny przeciwciążowy
that acts to prevent conception

contraceptive /ˈkɒn.tɹəˌsɛp.tɪv/ n
środek antykoncepcyjny
means by which impregnating a woman can be prevented

contract /ˈkɑntɹækt/ /ˈkɒntɹækt/ n
kontrakt
bridge: declarer's undertaking
job governed by a specific agreement
umowa kontrakt
agreement that is legally binding

contract /kənˈtɹækt/ v
zarazić się złapać
(transitive) gain or acquire (an illness)

contract of sale n
umowa sprzedaży
contract that involves an exchange of goods, services or property

contraction /kɒn-/ /kənˈtɹækʃ(ə)n/ /kənˈtɹækʃn̩/ n
forma ściąnięta kontrakcja
shortened form of a word, often with omitted letters replaced by an apostrophe or a diacritical mark

contractless adj
bezumowny
without contract

contractual n
umowny
of or pertaining to a contract

contracture n
przykurcz
abnormal contraction of a muscle

contradict /kɒn.tɹəˈdɪkt/ v
zaprzeczać
deny the truth of (a statement or statements)
zaprzeczać dementować
deny the truth of statements made by (a person)

contradiction /ˌkɑːntɹəˈdɪkʃən/ /ˌkɒntɹəˈdɪkʃən/ n
sprzeczność
proposition that is false for all values of its variables
act of contradicting
sprzeczność antynomia
statement that contradicts itself
the logical incompatibility of opposing elements

contradiction in terms n
oksymoron
expression in which components contradict one another

contradictory /ˌkɑntɹəˈdɪktəɹi/ /ˌkɒntɹəˈdɪkt(ə)ɹi/ adj
sprzeczny
that contradicts something

contrail n
smuga kondensacyjna
artificial cloud from jet aircraft

contraindication /ˌkɒntɹəɪndɪˈkeɪʃən/ n
przeciwwskazanie
factor or symptom

contranym /ˈkɑn.tɹə.nɪm/ /ˈkɒn.tɹə.nɪm/ n
autoantonim kontranim
a word that has two opposing meanings

contrapuntal adj
kontrapunktowy
of or relating to counterpoint

contrarian /kənˈtɹɛɹi.ən/ n
przekornik
person expressing contradicting viewpoints

contrast /kənˈt(ʃ)ɹæst/ /kənˈtɹɑːst/ /ˈkɑnt(ʃ)ɹæst/ /ˈkɒntɹɑːst/ n
kontrast
difference between two objects, people or concepts
difference that makes colours more or less distinguishable

contrast /kənˈt(ʃ)ɹæst/ /kənˈtɹɑːst/ /ˈkɑnt(ʃ)ɹæst/ /ˈkɒntɹɑːst/ v
kontrastować
to form a contrast
to set in opposition in order to show the difference or differences between

contravention n
naruszenie pogwałcenie przekroczenie wykroczenie
the act of contravening a rule, regulation, or law, or of not fulfilling an obligation, promise, or agreement

contretemps /kɑːn.tɹə.tɑ̃/ /ˈkɒn.tɹə.tɑ̃ŋ/ n
scysja spięcie
an unforeseen or embarrassing event

contribute /kənˈt(ʃ)ɹɪb.juːt/ /kənˈtɹɪb.(j)ət/ /kənˈtɹɪb.jut/ /ˈkɒn.t(ʃ)ɹɪˌbjuːt/ [kənˈtɹɪb.(j)əɾ] v
dokładać się dołożyć się wnieść wkład wnosić wkład
to give something, that is or becomes part of a larger whole

contribution /ˌkɑntɹɪˈbjuʃən/ /ˌkɒntɹɪˈbjuːʃən/ n
datek wkład
an amount of money given toward something
kontrybucja wniesienie wkładu
the act of contributing
wkład składka
something given or offered that adds to a larger whole

contributively adv
składkowo

contributiveness n
składkowość

contributorily adv
składkowo
in a contributory manner

contrived /kənˈtɹaɪvd/ adj
przekombinowany sztuczny wydumany
unnatural, forced

control /kənˈtɹoʊl/ /kənˈtɹəʊl/ n
kontrola
influence or authority over something
kontrolka
graphical user interface: an interface element that a computer user interacts with, such as a window or a text box
samokontrola
restraint or ability to contain one's movements or emotions, or self-control

control /kənˈtɹoʊl/ /kənˈtɹəʊl/ v
nadzorować kontrolować sterować zarządzać
to exercise influence over; to suggest or dictate the behavior of

control group n
grupa kontrolna
group of test subjects left untreated

control room n
dyspozytornia
room for monitoring or controlling

control tower n
wieża kontroli lotów
airport control tower

controller /kənˈtɹoʊlɚ/ /kənˈtɹəʊlə/ n
kontroler
person who controls something
computer hardware: mechanism that controls or regulates the operation of a machine
video games: hardware device designed to allow the user to play video games
kontroler rewident
the chief accountant of a company or government

controversial /ˌkɑn.tɹəˈvɝ.si.əl/ /ˌkɑn.tɹəˈvɝ.sjəl/ /ˌkɑn.tɹəˈvɝ.ʃəl/ /ˌkɒn.tɹəˈvɜː.sjəl/ /ˌkɒn.tɹəˈvɜː.ʃəl/ /ˌkɔn.tɹəˈvɜː.ʃəl/ adj
kontrowersyjny
arousing controversy

controversy /kənˈtɹɒvəsi/ /ˈkɑntɹəˌvɝsi/ /ˈkɒntɹəˌvɜːsi/ n
spór
debate, discussion of opposing opinions

contumacious /ˌkɑːn.tjəˈmeɪ.ʃəs/ /ˌkɑːn.tʊˈmeɪ.ʃəs/ /ˌkɒn.tjʊˈmeɪ.ʃəs/ adj
krnąbrny nieposłuszny oporny
contemptuous of authority
in law, willfully disobedient

contusion /kənˈtjuːʒən/ /kənˈtuʒən/ n
kontuzja
wound in which the skin is not broken

conundrum /kəˈnʌn.dɹəm/ n
dylemat
difficult choice or decision
zagadka
difficult question or riddle

conurbation /ˌkɑnɚˈbeɪʃən/ /ˌkɒnəˈbeɪʃən/ n
konurbacja
an extended collection of urban communities; urban sprawl

convalescence n
rekonwalescencja
healing period

convalescent /ˌkɒnvəˈlɛsənt/ n
rekonwalescent rekonwalescentka
recovering person

convection /kənˈvɛkʃən/ n
konwekcja
transmission of heat by the circulation of currents

convene /kənˈviːn/ /ˈkɒn.viːn/ v
zwołać zwoływać
to cause to assemble, to call together

convenience /kənˈvinjəns/ /kənˈviːnɪəns/ n
udogodnienie
anything that makes for an easier life
wygoda
quality of being suitable, useful or convenient

convenience food n
gotowe danie gotowe potrawy
prepackaged food

convenient /kənˈvinjənt/ /kənˈviːniənt/ adj
dogodny
of or pertaining to convenience; simple; easy; expedient

convent /ˈkɑn.vɛnt/ /ˈkɒn.vənt/ /ˈkɒn.vɛnt/ n
konwent
gathering
konwent klasztor (żeński)
religious community of especially nuns

conventicle /kənˈvɛn(t)ək(ə)l/ /kənˈvɛntɪk(ə)l/ n
konwentykiel
secret, unauthorized, or illegal religious meeting

convention /kənˈvɛn.ʃən/ /ˌkɒnˈvɛn.ʃən/ n
konwencja
agreement, contract or pact
generally accepted principle, method or behaviour
treaty
zjazd konwencja
meeting or a gathering

conventional /kənˈvɛnʃənəl/ adj
konwencjonalny
following an accepted principle
ordinary, commonplace

conventional wisdom n
chłopski rozum
a belief that is widely accepted

conventionalism n
konwencjonalizm
(philosophy)
Adherence to social conventions

conventionality /kənˌvɛnʃəˈnælɪti/ n
konwencjonalność
the state of being conventional

conventionally /kənˈvɛnʃnəli/ /kənˈvɛnʃənli/ /kənˈvɛnʃənəli/ adv
konwencjonalnie
by convention

converb /ˈkɑn.vɝb/ /ˈkɒn.vɜːb/ n
przysłówek odczasownikowy

converge /kənˈvɜːd͡ʒ/ v
zbiegać
to have a limit

convergence /kɒnˈvɜː(ɹ)d͡ʒəns/ /kənˈvɜː(ɹ)d͡ʒəns/ n
konwergencja
economic concept
the act of converging
zbieżność
the process of approaching some limiting value

convergent adj
zbieżny
mathematics: having a proper limit

convergent evolution n
ewolucja zbieżna konwergencja

conversation /ˌkɑn.vəɹˈseɪ.ʃən/ /ˌkɒn.vəˈseɪ.ʃən/ [ˌkʰɑɱ.vɚˈseɪ.ʃn̩] [ˌkʰɒɱ.vəˈseɪ.ʃn̩] n
rozmowa konwersacja
expression and exchange of individual ideas through talking with other people

conversational /ˌkɒnvə(ɹ)ˈseɪʃənəl/ adj
konwersacyjny
of, relating to, or in the style of a conversation; informal and chatty

converse /kənˈvɜːs/ /kənˈvɝs/ v
konwersować rozmawiać gwarzyć
to engage in conversation

conversion /-ʒ(ə)n/ /kənˈvɜːʃ(ə)n/ /kənˈvɝʒən/ n
konwersja
the result of a chemical reaction wherein the molecule changes form
konwersja adaptacja
the act of having converted something or someone

convert /kənˈvɜːt/ /kənˈvɝt/ /ˈkɑn.vɚt/ /ˈkɒn.vət/ [kʰə̥ɱˈvɜːt] [kʰə̥ɱˈvɝt] [ˈkʰɑɱ.vɚt] [ˈkʰɒɱ.vət] n
konwertyta konwertytka przechrzta
person who has converted religion

convert /kənˈvɜːt/ /kənˈvɝt/ /ˈkɑn.vɚt/ /ˈkɒn.vət/ [kʰə̥ɱˈvɜːt] [kʰə̥ɱˈvɝt] [ˈkʰɑɱ.vɚt] [ˈkʰɒɱ.vət] v
konwertować
exchange for (something) of equal value
undergo a conversion of religion, faith or belief
nawracać nawrócić
induce (someone) to adopt a particular religion, faith, or belief
przeliczać przeliczyć
express (a quantity) in alternative units

convertible /kənˈvɜːtɪbl̩/ /kənˈvɝtɪbl̩/ n
kabriolet
car whose roof can be removed or folded

convertible mark n
marka
currency of Bosnia and Herzegovina

convex /kɑnˈvɛks/ /kɒnˈvɛks/ /kənˈvɛks/ /ˈkɑn.vɛks/ /ˈkɒn.vɛks/ adj
wypukły
curved or bowed outward like the outside of a bowl, circle, or sphere

convey /kənˈveɪ/ v
przekazać przekazywać
to communicate
przenieść przenosić scedować
to transfer legal rights
przenosić
to move (something) from one place to another
przewieźć przewozić
to carry

conveyor /kənˈveɪə/ /kənˈveɪɚ/ n
przenośnik
a mechanical arrangement for transporting material or objects

conveyor belt n
taśmociąg
continuous band moved to transport objects

convict /kənˈvɪkt/ /ˈkɑnvɪkt/ /ˈkɒnvɪkt/ n
skazaniec
person convicted of a crime

convict /kənˈvɪkt/ /ˈkɑnvɪkt/ /ˈkɒnvɪkt/ v
skazać skazywać
to find guilty

conviction /kənˈvɪkʃən/ n
przekonanie przeświadczenie
firmly held belief
wyrok
judgement of guilt

convince /kənˈvɪns/ v
przekonać przekonywać
to make someone believe, or feel sure about something

convinced /kənˈvɪnst/ adj
przekonany
in a state of believing, especially from evidence

convivial /kənˈvɪv.i.əl/ adj
biesiadny
Having elements of a feast or of entertainment

convivially adv
biesiadnie

convoluted /-vəʊ-/ /ˈkɑnvəˌlutəd/ /ˈkɒnvəl(j)uːtɪd/ /ˌkɑnvəˈlutəd/ /ˌkɒnvəˈl(j)uːtɪd/ [-ɾəd] adj
zawiły
complex

convolutedness n
zawiłość
quality of being convoluted

convolution n
splot
mathematics: mathematical operation on two functions

convolvulus n
powój
plants of the genus Convolvulus

convoy /ˈkɒn.vɔɪ/ n
konwój
merchant ships sailing in company under the protection of naval vessels
group of vehicles traveling together for safety, especially one with an escort

cony /ˈkoʊ.ni/ /ˈkəʊ.ni/ n
królik
rabbit

coo /ku/ /kuː/ n
gruchanie
murmuring sound made by a dove or pigeon

coo /ku/ /kuː/ v
gruchać gruchnąć
to make a soft murmuring sound

cook /kuːk/ /kʊk/ n
kucharz kucharka
person who prepares food

cook /kuːk/ /kʊk/ v
gotować warzyć kucharzyć
to prepare food for eating

cook through v
dogotować dogotowywać

cookbook /ˈkʊkˌbʊk/ n
książka kucharska
book of cooking recipes

cooked /kʊkt/ adj
ugotowany
of food, that has been prepared by cooking

cooker /ˈkʊkə/ /ˈkʊkɚ/ n
kuchenka
appliance or utensil for cooking
device for heating food, stove

cookie /ˈkuːki/ /ˈkʊki/ n
ciastko ciasteczko herbatnik
small, flat baked good

cookie-cutter adj
szablonowy sztampowy
looking or seeming identical

cooking oil n
olej
purified fat

cooking pot n
garnek do gotowania
any cooking vessel

cooking spray n
olej w sprayu
cooking oil spray

cool /kul/ /kuːl/ adj
chwat kozak
colloquial: of a person, knowing what to do and how to behave in any situation
chłodny
having a slightly low temperature
unenthusiastic, lukewarm, skeptical
allowing or suggesting heat relief
fajny
colloquial: all right, acceptable
colloquial: being considered as "popular" by others
opanowany spokojny
not showing emotion, calm

cool /kul/ /kuːl/ n
chłód
moderate temperature

cool down v
chłodzić się ochłodzić się ostudzić się ostygnąć studzić się stygnąć
to become cooler (temperature)
chłodzić ochłodzić ostudzić studzić
to make something cooler
ochłonąć
to become less agitated

cool off v
ochłonąć
to cause to reduce in temperature, activity or temper
stygnąć
to reduce in temperature, activity or temper

coolant /ˈkuːlənt/ n
chłodziwo
a fluid

coolbox n
lodówka turystyczna

cooler bag n
torba chłodząca
insulated bag

coolie /ˈkuːli/ n
kulis
unskilled Asian worker

cooling /ˈkuːlɪŋ/ n
chłodzenie
refrigeration
ochłodzenie
decrease in temperature

coop /kuːp/ n
kurnik
enclosure for birds

cooper /ˈkuːpə(ɹ)/ n
bednarz
craftsman

cooperage n
bednarka bednarstwo
the trade of a cooper
bednarnia
a cooper's workshop

cooperate /koʊˈɒpəɹeɪt/ /kuˈɒpəɹeɪt/ v
współpracować
to work together

cooperation /koʊˌɑ.pəˈɹeɪ.ʃən/ /kəʊˌɒp.əˈɹeɪ.ʃən/ n
kooperacja
active help from a person, organization, et cetera
współpraca kooperacja
act of cooperating or being cooperative

cooperative n
spółdzielnia kooperatywa
type of company

coopery /ˈkuːpəɹi/ adj
bednarski
relating to a cooper

coordinate /koʊˈɔɹdənət/ /koʊˈɔɹdənɪt/ /koʊˈɔɹdəˌneɪt/ /kəʊˈɔːdɪnɪt/ /kəʊˈɔːdɪˌneɪt/ /ˈkwɔːdɪnɪt/ /ˈkwɔːdɪnˌneɪt/ /ˈkɔɹdənɪt/ /ˈkɔɹdəˌneɪt/ n
współrzędna koordynata
mathematics, cartography: a number representing the position of a point along a line, arc, or similar one-dimensional figure

coordinate /koʊˈɔɹdənət/ /koʊˈɔɹdənɪt/ /koʊˈɔɹdəˌneɪt/ /kəʊˈɔːdɪnɪt/ /kəʊˈɔːdɪˌneɪt/ /ˈkwɔːdɪnɪt/ /ˈkwɔːdɪnˌneɪt/ /ˈkɔɹdənɪt/ /ˈkɔɹdəˌneɪt/ v
koordynować skoordynować
to synchronize

coordinate clause n
zdanie główne zdanie nadrzędne
grammar: clause that can stand alone syntactically

coordinate system n
układ współrzędnych
method of representing points in a space

coordinate term n
kohiponim
a term which shares a hypernym with another

coordinating conjunction n
spójnik współrzędny
type of conjunction

coordination /koʊˌɔɹdɪˈneɪʃən/ n
koordynacja
the ability to coordinate one's senses and physical movements in order to act skillfully
the act of coordinating, making different people or things work together for a goal or effect

coordinator n
koordynator koordynatorka
One who coordinates

coot /kuːt/ n
łyska
bird

cootchie-cootchie-coo interjection
gili-gili
said when tickling

cootie catcher n
piekło niebo
origami shape with hidden messages in the folds

cop /kɑp/ /kɒp/ /kɔp/ n
glina gliniarz menda pies
police officer

cope /kəʊp/ n
kapa pluwiał
ceremonial cloak

cope /kəʊp/ v
radzić
to deal effectively with something

copepod /ˈkoʊpɪpɒd/ n
widłonóg
any of very many small crustaceans, of the subclass Copepoda

copernicium /koʊpəɹˈnɪsi.əm/ n
kopernik copernicium
chemical element

copilot n
drugi pilot
relief or assistant pilot of an aircraft

coping strategy n
strategia dania sobie rady
thought process or behavior

copolymer n
kopolimer
polymer derived from more than one species of monomer

copolymerization n
kopolimeryzacja

copper /ˈkɑ.pɚ/ /ˈkɒ.pə/ /ˈkɔ.pə/ adj
miedziany
made of copper

copper /ˈkɑ.pɚ/ /ˈkɒ.pə/ /ˈkɔ.pə/ n
miedź
chemical element Cu
colour of copper

coppersmith n
miedziownik
person

coppice /ˈkɒpɪs/ n
lasek zagajnik
grove of small growth

copra /ˈkɒ.pɹə/ n
kopra
dried kernel of coconut

coprime adj
względnie pierwsza
(of a positive integer) having no factor in common with...
względnie pierwsze
(of two or more positive integers) having no factors in common

coproduction n
koprodukcja
coproduction

coprolite n
koprolit
fossilized excrement

coprophilia n
koprofilia
marked interest in excrement; the use of feces for sexual excitement

cops /kɑps/ /kɒps/ /kɔps/ n
gliny psy
law enforcement

copse /kɒps/ n
zagajnik
thicket of small trees or shrubs

copula /ˈkɑpjələ/ /ˈkɒpjələ/ /ˈkɒpjʊlə/ /ˈkɔpjələ/ n
łącznik spójka
grammar: linking kind of word

copular /ˈkɑpjələ(ɹ)/ adj
łącznikowy

copulate /ˈkɒp.jʊ.leɪt/ /ˈkɒp.jʊ.lət/ /ˈkɔ.pjə.leɪt/ /ˈkɔ.pjə.lət/ v
kopulować spółkować
to engage in sexual intercourse

copulation /kɒp.jəˈleɪ.ʃən/ n
kopulacja
the coming together of male and female in sexual intercourse

copy /ˈkɑpi/ /ˈkɒpi/ n
egzemplarz
printed edition of a book or magazine
kopia wtórnik
result of copying

copy /ˈkɑpi/ /ˈkɒpi/ v
kopiować podwajać
produce something identical
naśladować udawać
imitate
odbierać
radio term

copy editing n
adiustacja
correction of printed material and preparation

copy editor n
adiustator adiustatorka
editor who prepares text for publication

copycat n
imitator naśladowca
one who imitates or plagiarizes others' work

copyedit v
adiustować zaadiustować zadiustować
prepare material for publishing

copying /ˈkɑpiɪŋ/ /ˈkɒpiɪŋ/ n
kopiowanie
practice of making copies

copyist /ˈkɑpiɪst/ /ˈkɒpiɪst/ n
kopista kopistka
person who makes manual copies of works

copypasta /ˈkɒp.iˌpeɪ.stə/ /ˈkɒp.iˌpæs.tə/ /ˈkɒp.iˌpɑː.stə/ n
copypasta
a block of text which has been copied and pasted from somewhere else

copyright /ˈkɑpiˌɹaɪt/ /ˈkɒpiˌɹaɪt/ n
prawo autorskie
right to publish

copywriter /ˈkɑːpiˌɹaɪɾɚ/ /ˈkɒpiˌɹaɪtə/ n
copywriter
person who writes advertising copy

coquet /ˈkɒk.ɛt/ v
kokietować
act as a flirt or coquet

cor anglais /ˌkɔɹ ɔŋˈɡleɪ/ /ˌkɔːɹ ˈɒŋɡleɪ/ n
rożek angielski
woodwind instrument

cor pulmonale n
serce płucne
change in heart structure due to respiratory disorder

coral /ˈkɒɹəl/ /ˈkɔɚɹəl/ /ˈkɔɹəl/ adj
koralowy
having the orange-pink colour of coral
made of coral

coral /ˈkɒɹəl/ /ˈkɔɚɹəl/ /ˈkɔɹəl/ n
koral koralowina
substance
koralowiec koralowy
colony

coral island n
wyspa koralowa
coral island

corbel /ˈkɔːbəl/ n
kroksztyn
architecture: a structural member of stone, wood or metal jutting out of a wall to carry a superincumbent weight

cord /kɔɹd/ /kɔːd/ n
sąg
unit of measurement for firewood

cordial /ˈkɔɹ.di.əl/ /ˈkɔɹ.djəl/ /ˈkɔɹ.d͡ʒəl/ /ˈkɔː.di.əl/ /ˈkɔː.dʒəl/ adj
serdeczny
hearty

cordial /ˈkɔɹ.di.əl/ /ˈkɔɹ.djəl/ /ˈkɔɹ.d͡ʒəl/ /ˈkɔː.di.əl/ /ˈkɔː.dʒəl/ n
kordiał nalewka
liqueur
syrop
concentrated drink

cordially /ˈkɔɹd͡ʒəli/ /ˈkɔːdɪəli/ adv
serdecznie
in a friendly manner

cordierite n
kordieryt
a cyclosilicate

cordless /ˈkɔɹd.lɪs/ n
bezprzewodowy
without a cord

corduroy /ˈkɔɹdəɹɔɪ/ /ˈkɔːdəɹɔɪ/ /ˈkɔːdɹɔɪ/ n
sztruks
heavy fabric with vertical ribs

core /ko(ː)ɹ/ /koə/ /koɹ/ /kɔː/ [kʰo̞ɹ] n
ogryzek gniazdo nasienne
central part of fruit, containing the kernels or seeds
rdzeń
one of several parts in a computer processor
rdzeń jądro
heart of a thing

core /ko(ː)ɹ/ /koə/ /koɹ/ /kɔː/ [kʰo̞ɹ] v
wydrążać wydrążyć
To extract a sample with a drill.
To remove the core of an apple or other fruit.

core business n
podstawowa działalność

core curriculum n
podstawa programowa

core drill n
świder rdzeniowy
sample-taking device

core sample n
próbka rdzeniowa
cylindrical section of a naturally occurring substance

corf /kɔɹf/ /kɔːf/ n
sadz
container used to store live fish underwater

coriander /ˈkɔɹiˌændɚ/ /ˌkɒɹiˈændə/ /ˌkɔɹiˈændɚ/ n
kolendra
dried seeds of Coriandrum sativum plant
kolendra kolendra siewna
Coriandrum sativum plant

cork /kɔɹk/ /kɔːk/ n
korek
bottle stopper
phellem of the cork oak

cork oak n
dąb korkowy
a type of evergreen oak tree, Quercus suber

corkscrew /ˈkɔɹk.skɹu/ /ˈkɔːk.skɹuː/ n
korkociąg
implement for opening bottles sealed by a cork

corm n
bulwocebula
underground stem of a plant

cormorant /ˈkɑm(ə)ɹənt/ /ˈkɔɹməɹənt/ /ˈkɔːməɹənt/ n
kormoran
seabird of the family Phalacrocoracidae

corn /kɔɹn/ /kɔːn/ n
zboże
main cereal crop or staple in a given region

corn bunting n
potrzeszcz
bird

corn dog n
corn dog parówka w cieście
hot dog coated in cornbread batter and deep-fried

corn flakes n
kornfleksy płatki kukurydziane płatki z kukurydzy płatki śniadaniowe
breakfast cereal

corn on the cob n
kolba kukurydzy
cooked ears of corn

corn poppy n
mak polny
Papaver rhoeas

corn salad n
roszponka roszpunka
a plant

corn smut n
głownia kukurydzy
fungus

corn snake n
wąż zbożowy
a species of rat snake

corn thistle n
ostrożeń polny
Cirsium arvense

cornbread n
chleb kukurydziany
bread made from cornmeal

corncob /ˈkɔɹn.kɑb/ /ˈkɔɹn.kɒb/ /ˈkɔːn.kɒb/ n
kaczan kolba kukurydzy
core of an ear of corn

corncockle n
kąkol
plant of the genus Agrostemma

corncrake /ˈkɔrnˌkreɪk/ /ˈkɔːnkreɪk/ n
derkacz
the bird Crex crex

cornea /ˈkɔː(ɹ)ni.ə/ n
rogówka
layer forming the front of the eye

corned beef n
peklowana wołowina
smoke-cured and salted beef

cornel n
dereń
tree
fruit

corner /ˈkɔɹnɚ/ /ˈkɔːnə(ɹ)/ n
róg
intersection of two streets
projection into space of an angular solid
róg kąt węgieł kącik
space in the angle between converging lines or walls

corner /ˈkɔɹnɚ/ /ˈkɔːnə(ɹ)/ v
zapędzać w kozi róg zapędzić w kozi róg
to trap in a difficult position

corner flag n
chorągiewka boczna
flag marking the corner of a playing field

corner kick n
rzut rożny
in soccer

corner of the mouth n
kącik ust
side of the mouth where the lips join

cornerstone n
kamień węgielny
base stone
ceremonial stone
that which is prominent, fundamental, noteworthy, or central

cornet /kɔɹˈnɛt/ /ˈkɔːnɪt/ n
kornet
musical instrument

cornetist n
kornecista kornecistka

cornett /kɔɹˈnɛt/ /kɔːˈnɛt/ /ˈkɔːnɪt/ n
cynk
wind instrument

cornflower /ˈkɔɹnˌflaʊ.ɚ/ adj
bławatkowy chabrowy
cornflower coloured

cornflower /ˈkɔɹnˌflaʊ.ɚ/ n
bławatek chaber
Centaurea cyanus
bławatkowy chabrowy
colour

cornflower blue adj
chabrowy

cornice n
gzyms
horizontal architectural element

cornstarch n
maizena
very fine starch powder

cornucopia /ˌkɔː.nəˈkəʊ.pi.ə/ /ˌkɔːɹ.njəˈkoʊ.pi.ə/ /ˌkɔːɹ.nəˈkoʊ.pi.ə/ n
obfitość róg Amaltei róg obfitości
abundance or plentiful supply
róg Amaltei róg obfitości
mythical horn endlessly overflowing with food and drink

corollary /kɒˈɹɒləɹi/ /kɔˈɹoʊˌlɛɹi/ /ˈkɒɹələɹi/ /ˈkɔɹəˌlɛɹi/ n
następstwo wniosek
proposition which follows easily

corona /kəˈɹoʊ.nə/ /kəˈɹəʊ.nə/ n
korona
(informal) disease caused by a coronavirus

corona discharge n
ulot
ionization of air surrounding an energized conductor

coronagraph n
koronograf

coronal mass ejection n
koronalny wyrzut masy
coronal mass ejection

coronary /ˈkɒɹən(ə)ɹi/ /ˈkɔɹənɛɹi/ adj
wieńcowy
encircling something

coronary artery n
tętnica wieńcowa
artery

coronation /kɒɹəˈneɪʃn̩/ /ˌkɑ-/ /ˌkɔɹəˈneɪʃ(ə)n/ n
koronacja
act or the ceremony of formally investing a sovereign or the sovereign’s consort with a crown and other insignia of royalty

coronavirus /kəˈɹoʊnəˌvaɪɹəs/ /kəˈɹəʊnəˌvaɪɹəs/ n
koronawirus
member of the family Coronaviridae

coroner /ˈkɑɹ.ə.nɚ/ /ˈkɒ.ɹə.nə(ɹ)/ /ˈkɔɹ.ə.nɚ/ /ˈkɹaʊnə(ɹ)/ n
coroner koroner
who performs autopsies
who presides over an inquest

coroutine n
współprogram

corporal /ˈkoɹ.pɚ.əl/ /ˈkoɹ.pɹəl/ /ˈkɔː.pɜ.ɹəl/ /ˈkɔː.pɹəl/ n
kapral
military rank
korporał
ecclesiastical: cloth on which the elements of the Eucharist are placed

corporal punishment /ˌkɔː.pəɹ.əl ˈpʌn.ɪʃ.mənt/ n
kara cielesna
form of punishment achieved by inflicting blows to the offender's body

corporate /ˈkɔɹ.pəɹ.eɪt/ /ˈkɔɹ.pəɹ.ət/ /ˈkɔɹ.pɹət/ /ˈkɔː.pə.ɹeɪt/ /ˈkɔː.pə.ɹət/ /ˈkɔː.pɹət/ adj
firmowy korporacyjny
of, or relating to a corporation

corporatespeak n
korpomowa
jargon used within business

corporation /ˈkɔːpəˈɹeɪʃən/ /ˌkɔɹpəˈɹeɪʃən/ n
korporacja
body corporate with legal personality
Italian association
spółka akcyjna
company owned by shareholders

corpse /koɹps/ /koːps/ /kɔːps/ /kɔːɹps/ [kʰo̞ɹps] n
zwłoki trup ciało truchło
dead body

corpulent /ˈkoɹpjəlɪnt/ /ˈkɔːpjələnt/ /ˈkɔːpjʊlənt/ adj
korpulentny
large in body; fat

corpulently adv
korpulentnie
In an corpulent manner

corpus cavernosum n
ciało jamiste
body of erectile tissue

corpus delicti n
corpus delicti
the evidence

corpus luteum n
ciałko żółte
yellow mass of cells that forms from an ovarian follicle

corpus spongiosum n
ciało gąbczaste
the mass of spongy tissue surrounding the male urethra within the penis

corpuscle /ˈkɔɹˌpʌsəl/ /ˈkɔːˌpʌsəl/ n
korpuskuła cząsteczka
A minute particle

corral /kəˈɹæl/ /kəˈɹɑːl/ n
corral
enclosure for livestock

corral /kəˈɹæl/ /kəˈɹɑːl/ v
zgarniać zgarnąć
capture or round up

correct /kəˈɹɛkt/ adj
poprawny prawidłowy właściwy
free from error

correct /kəˈɹɛkt/ v
poprawiać poprawić
To make something become right that was previously wrong

correction fluid n
korektor
fluid for masking textual errors

correctly /kəˈɹɛk(t)li/ adv
poprawnie prawidłowo właściwie
in a correct manner

correlate /ˈkɑɹəleɪt/ /ˈkɑɹələt/ /ˈkɒɹəleɪt/ /ˈkɒɹələt/ /ˈkɔɹəleɪt/ /ˈkɔɹələt/ v
korelować
intransitive: to be related by a correlation
korelować skorelować
transitive: to compare

correlation /ˌkɑ.ɹəˈleɪ.ʃən/ /ˌkɒɹ.əˈleɪ.ʃən/ /ˌkɔɹ.əˈleɪ.ʃən/ n
korelacja
measure of relationship

correspond /ˌkɑɹəˈspɑnd/ /ˌkɒɹəˈspɒnd/ /ˌkɔɹəˈspɑnd/ v
korespondować
to exchange messages
odpowiadać
to be equivalent or similar

correspondence /ˌkɑ.ɹəˈspɑn.dəns/ /ˌkɒɹ.əˈspɒn.dəns/ /ˌkɒɹ.ɪˈspɒn.dəns/ /ˌkɔɹ.əˈspɑn.dəns/ n
korespondencja
newspaper or news stories generally
reciprocal exchange of civilities, especially by letters
odpowiedniość zgodność
agreement of situations or objects with an expected outcome

correspondent /ˌkɒɹ.ɪˈspɒn.dənt/ /ˌkɔɹ.ɪˈspɑn.dənt/ /ˌkɔɹ.ɪˈspɔn.dənt/ n
korespondentka korespondent
journalist

corridor /-də/ /ˈkɒɹɪdɔː/ /ˈkɔɹədɚ/ /ˈkɔɹəˌdɔɹ/ n
korytarz
narrow hall or passage
tract of land
korytarz powietrzny
airspace

corridors of power n
kuluary władzy

corrie /ˈkɒɹi/ n
cyrk lodowcowy kar kocioł
geographical feature of glaciation

corrigendum /ˌkɒɹ.ɪˈdʒɛn.dəm/ /ˌkɒɹ.ɪˈɡɛn.dəm/ /ˌkɔɹ.ɪˈd͡ʒɛn.dəm/ /ˌkɔɹ.ɪˈɡɛn.dəm/ n
błąd druku korekta
error that is to be corrected in a printed work

corroborate /kəˈɹɑbəɹeɪ̯t/ /kəˈɹɒbəɹeɪ̯t/ v
potwierdzać potwierdzić
To confirm or support with additional evidence

corrodible adj
korozyjny
readily corroded

corrosion /kəˈɹoʊʒən/ /kəˈɹəʊʒən/ n
korodowanie korozja
The act of corroding
korozja
Erosion by chemical action

corrosive /kəˈɹəʊsɪv/ adj
żrący
destroying texture or substance of a body

corrosive /kəˈɹəʊsɪv/ n
kaustyczny żrący
substance harming living tissue or damaging material

corrupt /kəˈɹʌpt/ adj
skorumpowany
in a depraved state
zepsuty
with lots of errors in it

corrupted /kəˈɹʌptɪd/ adj
zdeprawowany zepsuty
Marked by immorality and perversion; depraved

corruption /kəˈɹʌpʃən/ n
korupcja
seeking bribes
zepsucie
the act of impairing integrity

corsac fox n
lis stepowy
Vulpes corsac

corsair /ˈkɔːrsɛər/ n
korsarz
privateersman or pirate

corseque n
korseka
pole weapon

corset /ˈkɔː(ɹ).sɪt/ n
gorset
woman's garment

cortex /ˈkɔɹtɛks/ /ˈkɔːtɛks/ n
kora
outer layer of an internal organ or body structure
tissue of a stem or root

cortisol /ˈkɔɹ.tɪˌsɔl/ /ˈkɔː.tɪ.sɒl/ n
kortyzol

corundum /kəˈɹʌn.dəm/ n
korund
mineral

corvee /kɔːɹˈveɪ/ /ˈkɔːveɪ/ n
pańszczyzna
labor in lieu of taxes
unpaid labor required by a feudal lord

corvette /kɔːɹ.ˈvɛt/ n
korweta
modern warship
warship of 17th-18th century

corymb /ˈkɒɹɪmb/ n
baldachogrono
cluster of flowers

coryphaeus n
koryfeusz koryfej
conductor of the dramatic chorus

corypheus n
koryfej koryfeusz
conductor of the dramatic chorus

coset n
warstwa
result of applying group operation with fixed element from the parent group on each element of a subgroup

cosily adv
przytulnie
in a cosy manner

cosine /ˈkoʊ.saɪn/ /ˈkəʉ.sɑɪn/ /ˈkəʊ.saɪn/ n
cosinus kosinus
trigonometric function

cosmetic /kɑzˈmɛtɪk/ /kɒzˈmɛtɪk/ adj
kosmetyczny
imparting or improving beauty, particularly the beauty of the complexion
powierzchowny kosmetyczny
external or superficial

cosmetic /kɑzˈmɛtɪk/ /kɒzˈmɛtɪk/ n
kosmetyk
any substances applied to enhance the external color or texture of the skin

cosmetics n
kosmetyka
study of such products
kosmetyka kosmetyki
preparations to change or enhance the beauty

cosmetologist n
kosmetolog
person who advises people on cosmetics and other beauty treatments

cosmic /ˈkɒz.mɪk/ adj
kosmiczny
of or from or pertaining to the cosmos or universe

cosmic background radiation n
kosmiczne promieniowanie tła

cosmic microwave background n
mikrofalowe promieniowanie tła

cosmo- prefix
kosmo-
universe, world

cosmochemical adj
astrochemiczny kosmochemiczny

cosmochemistry n
astrochemia kosmochemia
branch of chemistry

cosmodrome n
kosmodrom
a site for launching spacecraft

cosmogonic adj
kosmogoniczny
of or pertaining to cosmogony

cosmogony /kɑzˈmɑ.ɡə.ni/ /kɒzˈmɒɡ.ə.ni/ /kɔzˈmɔɡ.ə.ni/ n
kosmogonia
the study of the origin of the universe

cosmological adj
kosmologiczny
of or pertaining to cosmology, or to the overall structure of the universe

cosmological constant n
stała kosmologiczna
physical term

cosmologist n
kosmolog
person who studies cosmology

cosmology n
kosmologia
study of the physical universe

cosmonaut /ˈkɒzməˌnɔːt/ n
kosmonauta astronauta astronautka kosmonautka
an astronaut, especially a Russian or Soviet one

cosmopolitan /ˌkɑz.məˈpɑl.ɪ.tən/ /ˌkɒz.məˈpɒl.ɪ.tən/ adj
kosmopolityczny
at ease in any part of the world
composed of people from all over the world
growing in many parts of the world; widely distributed

cosmopolite /kɑzˈmɑ.pəˌlaɪt/ n
kosmopolita
cosmopolitan person

cosmos /ˈkɑz.moʊs/ /ˈkɒz.mɒs/ n
kosmos wszechświat
the universe

cosplay /ˈkɑs.pleɪ/ /ˈkɑz.pleɪ/ /ˈkɒs.pleɪ/ /ˈkɒz.pleɪ/ /ˌkoʊˈspleɪ/ n
cosplay
subculture centered on dressing as characters

cost /ˈkɑst/ /ˈkɒst/ /ˈkɔst/ n
cena
negative consequence or loss
koszt
amount of money spent for a purpose

cost /ˈkɑst/ /ˈkɒst/ /ˈkɔst/ v
kosztować
to incur a charge, a price

cost center n
dział kalkulacji kosztów

cost object n
obiekt kosztów

cost of living n
koszty utrzymania
average cost of a standard set of basic necessities of life

cost-effective adj
opłacalny
return of benefit justifying an investment

costly /ˈkɒst.li/ adj
kosztowny
expensive

costmary n
złocień wonny

costume /kɑsˈt(j)um/ /kɑsˈt͡ʃum/ /ˈkɑs.təm/ /ˈkɑs.tʊm/ /ˈkɑsˌt(j)um/ /ˈkɑsˌt͡ʃum/ /ˈkɒs.tjuːm/ /ˈkɒs.t͡ʃuːm/ n
kostium przebranie
disguise
set of clothes appropriate for a particular occasion
strój kostium
dress of a particular country, period or people

costume /kɑsˈt(j)um/ /kɑsˈt͡ʃum/ /ˈkɑs.təm/ /ˈkɑs.tʊm/ /ˈkɑsˌt(j)um/ /ˈkɑsˌt͡ʃum/ /ˈkɒs.tjuːm/ /ˈkɒs.t͡ʃuːm/ v
przebierać przebrać
dress with a costume

costume drama n
film kostiumowy

costume jewellery n
błyskotka
False jewellery

cosy /ˈkoʊzi/ /ˈkəʊzi/ adj
ciepły miły przytulny
affording comfort and warmth

cot death n
śmierć łóżeczkowa
unexplained death of a baby, usually while sleeping

cotangent /ˈkoʊˌtænd͡ʒənt/ n
cotangens kotangens
trigonometric function

coterminous /kəˈtəː.mɪ.nəs/ /kəˈtɝ.mɪ.nəs/ adj
ościenny
meeting end-to-end

cotillion /koʊtɪlˈjɑ̃/ /kətɪlˈjɑ̃/ /kətɪlˈjɒ̃/ /kəʊtɪlˈjɒ̃/ n
kotylion
bold dance

cotinga n
bławatnik
neotropical passerine bird of the family Cotingidae

cottage cheese n
serek wiejski
cheese curd product

cotton /ˈkɑt.ən/ /ˈkɒt.ən/ [ˈkɑʔn̩] adj
bawełniany
made of cotton

cotton /ˈkɑt.ən/ /ˈkɒt.ən/ [ˈkɑʔn̩] n
bawełna
fabric
bawełna bawełnica
any plant yielding fiber like that of Gossypium
bawełna wata
fiber

cotton gin n
odziarniarka
machine used for separating cotton fibers from cotton seeds

cotton mill n
przędzalnia
building housing spinning or weaving machinery

cotton pygmy goose n
kaczuszka azjatycka
Nettapus coromandelianus

cotton swab n
patyczek do uszu wymazówka patyczek higieniczny wacik
a small wad of cotton wrapped around the end of a small rod

cotton wool /ˈkɒtən wʊl/ n
wata
absorbent cotton
raw fibers of cotton

cottonlike adj
bawełnopodobny

cottony adj
bawełniasty bawełnisty

cotyledon /ˌkɑt.əˈliː.dən/ /ˌkɒt.ɪˈliː.dən/ n
liścień
leaf of the embryo of a seed-bearing plant

couch /kaʊt͡ʃ/ n
kanapa sofa wersalka
furniture for seating of more than one person

couch /kaʊt͡ʃ/ v
ubierać w słowa ubrać w słowa
phrase in a particular style

couch grass /ˈkaʊt͡ʃˌɡɹæs/ /ˈkuːt͡ʃɡɹɑːs/ n
perz
species of grass

couch potato n
kanapowy leń
person

cougar /ˈkuɡɚ/ /ˈkuːɡɑː/ /ˈkuːɡə/ [ˈkʰuɡɚ] [ˈkʰuːɡə] n
puma kuguar
Puma concolor

cough /kɑf/ /kɒf/ /kɔf/ /kɔːf/ n
kaszel
sudden, often involuntary expulsion of air from the lungs through the glottis, and out through the mouth
bout of repeated coughing; medical condition that causes one to cough

cough /kɑf/ /kɒf/ /kɔf/ /kɔːf/ v
kaszleć kaszlnąć
to push air from the lungs through the glottis (causing a short, explosive sound) and out through the mouth
kaszleć kasłać
to make a noise like a cough

cough up v
odkasłać odkasływać
to expel by coughing

could I see the menu, please phraseologicalUnit
czy mogę zobaczyć menu?
said to ask for a menu

couldn't care less v
mieć gdzieś
to lack interest

couloir /kulˈwɑɹ/ n
żleb
steep gorge along a mountainside

coulomb /ˈku.loʊm/ /ˈku.lɑm/ /ˈkuː.lɒm/ n
kulomb amperosekunda
unit of electrical charge

coumarin /ˈkuːməɹɪn/ n
kumaryna
aromatic compound

council /ˈkaʊn.səl/ n
rada
committee that leads or governs

council estate n
budownictwo komunalne
a housing estate consisting of council housing

counsel /ˈkaʊn.səl/ n
adwokat adwokatka
lawyer

counsel of despair n
akt rozpaczy

count /kaʊnt/ n
liczenie
the act of counting
odliczanie
a countdown
policzenie
the result of a tally that reveals the number of items in a set
hrabia graf
ruler of a county (male)

count /kaʊnt/ v
liczyć się
to be of significance; to matter
liczyć policzyć
to enumerate or determine number

count angels on pinheads v
przegapiać sedno
to spend time on fruitless intellectual matters

count down v
odliczać
await a precisely timed expected event
odliczać odliczyć
announce the passage of time

count in v
wliczać wliczyć
to include

count on v
liczyć na
to rely on, trust, or expect

count on the fingers of one hand v
policzyć na palcach jednej ręki

count one's blessings v
ciesz się tym, co masz
count one's blessings

count sheep v
liczyć barany liczyć owce
to attempt to go to sleep by thinking of something boring

countable /ˈkaʊntəbəl/ [ˈkʰãʊ̯̃n(ɾ)əbɫ̩] adj
policzalny
grammar: freely used with numbers and the definite article
przeliczalny
math: having a bijection with a subset of the natural numbers
math: having a bijection with the natural numbers

countable set n
zbiór przeliczalny
set that is countable

countdown /ˈkaʊntˌdaʊn/ n
odliczanie
a count backward to the time of some event

countenance /ˈkaʊn.tə.nəns/ /ˈkaʊnt.nəns/ [kæũ̯n.tɪ̆.nəns] n
mina oblicze wyraz twarzy
face

counter /ˈkaʊn.tə/ /ˈkaʊn.tɚ/ [ˈkaʊ.ɾ̃ɚ] [ˈkʰaʊ̯.nɚ] [ˈkʰaʊ̯.ɾ̃ɚ] n
blat
kitchen surface for food preparation
lada kontuar
table or board on which business is transacted
licznik
object used in counting

counter- /ˈkaʊn.tə/ /ˈkaʊn.tɚ/ /ˈkæɔn.tə/ /ˌkaʊn.tɚ/ prefix
anty- kontr- kontra- przeciw-
in opposition to

counter-attack n
kontratak
an attack made in response to an attack by the opponents

counter-offensive n
kontrnatarcie kontrofensywa
attack made in response to a previous offensive

counteract /ˈkaʊntəɹˌækt/ /ˌkaʊntəɹˈækt/ v
przeciwdziałać
to act in opposition to

counterargument n
kontrargument
an argument that is opposed to another argument

counterbalance /ˌkaʊntəˈbæləns/ /ˌkaʊntɚˈbæləns/ n
przeciwwaga
weight balancing an opposite one

counterbid n
kontroferta kontrpropozycja
a bid made in response to a previous bid

counterblow n
kontra
blow delivered in reply to another

countercoup n
zamach

counterculture n
kontrkultura
any culture whose values and lifestyles are opposed to those of the established mainstream culture, especially to western culture

countercurrent n
przeciwprąd
current that flows against the prevailing one

counterespionage n
kontrwywiad
activities to prevent spying

counterexample n
kontrprzykład
instance of the falsity

counterfactual /ˌkaʊn.tə(ɹ)ˈfæk.tʃu.əl/ /ˌkaʊntɚˈfæktʃuəl/ adj
kontrfaktyczny
contrary to the facts

counterfeit /ˈkaʊn.tɚˌfɪt/ adj
podrobiony sfałszowany
intended to deceive or carry appearance of being genuine

counterfeit /ˈkaʊn.tɚˌfɪt/ n
falsyfikat fałszywka podróbka
fake

counterfeit /ˈkaʊn.tɚˌfɪt/ v
fałszować podrabiać
To produce something that appears to be official or valid

counterfeiter /ˈkaʊntə(ɹ)ˌfɪtə(ɹ)/ n
fałszerka fałszerz
a person who counterfeits

counterintuitive /ˌkaʊntəɹɪnˈtuɪtɪv/ [ˌkʰaʊɾ̃ɚɪnˈtʰuɪɾɪv] adj
nieintuicyjny przeciwintuicyjny
contrary to intuition or common sense

countermeasure /ˈkaʊntəmɛʒə/ n
przeciwśrodek
military device or technique

counterpart /ˈkaʊntəˌpɑːt/ /ˈkaʊntɚˌpɑɹt/ n
odpowiednik
something that resembles something else
either of two parts that fit together, or complement one another

counterparty n
kontrahent kontrahentka
other party to a financial transaction

counterpoint /ˈkaʊntə(ɹ)ˌpɔɪnt/ n
kontrapunkt
(music) a melody added to an existing one

counterproductive /ˌkaʊntəprəˈdʌktɪv/ adj
kontrproduktywny przeciwskuteczny
more of a hindrance than a help

counterpunch n
kontra
punch delivered in response to a previous punch by somebody else

counterrevolution n
kontrrewolucja
revolution to reverse effects of previous revolution

counterrevolutionary adj
kontrrewolucyjny
in opposition to a revolution

counterrevolutionary n
kontrrewolucjonista kontrrewolucjonistka
person who opposes a revolution

counterscarp n
przeciwskarpa
outer slope of a defensive or fortified ditch

countersign v
kontrasygnować
add a second signature

countersignature n
kontrasygnata
a signature made to confirm or endorse another

countertenor n
kontratenor
adult male singer
singing voice

counterterrorist adj
antyterrorystyczny
intended to combat terrorism

counterterrorist n
antyterrorysta

countertop n
kontuar
The top surface of a counter, for preparation of food

counterweight n
przeciwwaga
heavy mass reducing the amount of work which must be done to effect the raising and lowering of something

countess /ˈkaʊntɪs/ n
hrabina
wife of a count or earl

counting rhyme n
wyliczanka

countless /ˈkaʊntləs/ adj
niezliczony nieprzebrany nieprzeliczony
too many to count, innumerable

country /ˈkaʊntɹi/ /ˈkɐntɹi/ /ˈkʌntɹi/ [ˈkʰʌnt̠ɹ̠̊˔ʷi] adj
wiejski
of, from or pertaining to the countryside (adjective)

country /ˈkaʊntɹi/ /ˈkɐntɹi/ /ˈkʌntɹi/ [ˈkʰʌnt̠ɹ̠̊˔ʷi] n
country
country music
kraj państwo
nation state
kraj ziemia
region of land
wieś prowincja
the country, rural area, as opposed to the town or city

country bumpkin n
wieśniak
unsophisticated person from a rural area

country house n
wiejski dom
residence

country music n
country
style of music

country of origin n
kraj pochodzenia
country of origin

countryman /ˈkʌntɹimən/ n
krajan krajanka
somebody from one's own country

countryside /ˈkʌn.tɹiˌsaɪd/ n
krajobraz wiejski
a rural landscape
wieś
area outside of towns and cities, or such part of a larger area

countrywide /ˌkʌn.tɹiˈwaɪd/ adv
krajowy
Throughout a country

county /ˈkaʊnti/ n
hrabstwo
land ruled by a count or countess
administrative region of various countries

coup d'état /ˌku deɪˈtɑ/ /ˌkuː deɪˈtɑː/ n
zamach stanu przewrót pucz
sudden overthrow of a government

coup de grâce /kuː də ɡɹɑs/ /kuː də ɡɹɑː/ n
dobicie
final blow

couple /ˈkʌpəl/ n
dwa dwie dwójka
two of the same kind considered together
para
two partners
paru parę
a small number of

couplet /ˈkʌp.lət/ /ˈkʌplɪt/ n
dwuwiersz dystych
in poetry, a pair of lines with rhyming end words

coupling /ˈkʌplɪŋ/ n
sprzęg
device that couples two things together
sprzęganie
act of joining together to form a couple
sprzężenie
(physics) property of physical systems that they are interacting with each other

coupon /ˈkjuːˌpɑn/ /ˈkjuːˌpɔn/ /ˈkuːpən/ /ˈkuːˌpɑn/ /ˈkuːˌpɒn/ /ˈkuːˌpɔ̃/ [ˈkj̥uˌpan] [ˈkʰuˌpan] n
kupon
certificate of interest due
interest payment made or due on a bond
kupon odcinek
section of a ticket giving the holder some entitlement

courage /ˈkɝ.ɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈkʌɹ.ɪdʒ/ /ˈkʌɹ.ɪd͡ʒ/ n
odwaga śmiałość męstwo
quality of a confident character

courgette /kɔɹˈʒɛt/ /kɔːˈʒɛt/ /kʊəˈʒɛt/ /kʊɚˈʒɛt/ n
cukinia kabaczek
a small marrow/squash

courier /ˈkɝ.i.ɚ/ /ˈkʊɹ.i.ɚ/ /ˈkʊɹ.ɪə/ n
kurier kurierka
person who delivers messages

course /koəs/ /koɹs/ /koːɹs/ /kuːɹs/ /kɔɹs/ /kɔːs/ /kɜːs/ /kʊɹs/ n
bieg ciąg
sequence of events
danie
stage of a meal
kurs
nautical: direction of movement of a vessel
intended passage of voyage
kurs bieg
learning program
trajektoria
sports: trajectory of a ball etc.

course credit n
punktowana godzina zajęć
unit for measuring academic studies

coursebook /ˈkɔː(r)sbʊk/ n
podręcznik
textbook

court /ko(ː)ɹt/ /koət/ /koːt/ /kɔɹt/ /kɔːt/ n
dwór
collective body of persons composing the retinue of a sovereign or person high in authority
formal assembling of the retinue of a sovereign
residence of a sovereign, prince, nobleman, or ether dignitary
dwór dziedziniec podwórze
enclosed space; a courtyard
jurysdykcja
jurisdiction
kort
place for playing the game of tennis and some other ball games
sąd
session of a judicial assembly
judge or judges
sąd trybunał
hall, chamber, or place, where justice is administered
tribunal established for the administration of justice

court /ko(ː)ɹt/ /koət/ /koːt/ /kɔɹt/ /kɔːt/ v
zalecać się
to attempt to win over

court jester n
błazen
person who amused a medieval court

court martial n
sąd wojskowy
court; council of war

court of law n
sąd trybunał

courteous /ˈkɜːti.əs/ /ˈkɝti.əs/ adj
grzeczny uprzejmy
showing regard for others

courteously adv
grzecznie uprzejmie
in a courteous manner

courtesan /kɔɹtɪˈzæn/ /kɔːtɪˈzæn/ /ˈkoɹtɪzæn/ /ˈkoɹtɪzən/ /ˈkɔɹtɪzæn/ /ˈkɔɹtɪzən/ /ˈkɔːtɪzæn/ /ˈkɔːtɪzən/ n
kurtyzana
high-status prostitute
mistress

courtesy /ˈkɜːtəsi/ /ˈkɝtəsi/ n
kurtuazja
polite behavior

courthouse n
gmach sądu
public building housing courts of law

courtier /ˈko(ː)ɹtiɚ/ /ˈkoətɪə/ /ˈkɔɹtiɚ/ /ˈkɔːtɪə/ n
dworzanin dworka dwórka
attendant at a royal court
pochlebca przydupas
a person who flatters in order to seek favour

courtroom n
sala rozpraw sala sądowa
room where a judge presides

courtship /ˈkɔɹt.ʃɪp/ /ˈkɔːt.ʃɪp/ n
zaloty konkury
act of wooing a person to enter into a romantic relationship or marriage

courtship display n
tok

courtyard /ˈkɔɹt.jɑɹd/ /ˈkɔːt.jɑːd/ n
podwórze dwór dziedziniec
unroofed walled area

couscous /ˈkus.kus/ /ˈkuːs.kuːs/ /ˈkʊs.kʊs/ n
kuskus
pasta of North African origin

cousin /ˈkʌz(ə)n/ /ˈkʌzn̩/ /ˈkʌzɪn/ [ˈkʰɐz.ɹ̩n] n
kuzyn kuzynka
child of a person’s parent’s brother or sister

cousinship /ˈkʌzənˌʃɪp/ n
kuzynostwo
state of being cousins

covalent bond /koʊveɪlənt bɒnd/ n
wiązanie kowalencyjne
bond in which atoms are connected by shared pairs of electrons

covariance /koʊˈvæɹ.i.əns/ /kəʉˈveː.ɹi.əns/ /kəʊˈvɛː.ɹi.əns/ /ˈkoʊˈvɛɹ.i.əns/ n
kowariancja
statistical measure
object-oriented programming

cove /koʊv/ /kəʊv/ n
zatoczka
small coastal inlet, especially one having high cliffs protecting vessels from prevailing winds
facet
fellow; man

covenant /ˈkʌv.nənt/ /ˈkʌv.ən.ənt/ n
umowa ugoda
binding agreement

covenant /ˈkʌv.nənt/ /ˈkʌv.ən.ənt/ v
umówić się
to enter into a covenant
zawrzeć umowę
to enter a formal agreement

coventrate v
kowentrykacja
devastate by heavy bombing

cover /ˈkʌvə/ /ˈkʌvɚ/ adj
okładkowy
about cover of a book or magazine

cover /ˈkʌvə/ /ˈkʌvɚ/ n
kapa narzuta pościel
top sheet
nakrycie
setting at a restaurant table
napiwek wliczony
cover charge
okładka
front and back of a book or a magazine
przykrycie przykrywka ukrycie
hiding
wieko przykrycie
lid

cover /ˈkʌvə/ /ˈkʌvɚ/ v
kryć
copulate (of animals)
kryć osłaniać
protect by shooting
okrywać okryć osłaniać osłonić przykrywać przykryć
to conceal or protect
pokrywać
provide enough money for

cover letter n
list motywacyjny
letter to introduce a document

cover up v
tuszować zatuszować zatuszowywać
to conceal or disguise

cover version n
cover
rerecording of a song

cover-up n
zatuszowanie
attempt to conceal or disguise a wrongdoing or a mistake

coverall /ˈkʌv.ə.ɹɔːl/ /ˈkʌv.ɚ.ɑl/ /ˈkʌv.ɚ.ɔl/ n
kombinezon
loose-fitting garment

covert /koʊˈvɜɹt/ /ˈkoʊvəɹt/ /ˈkəʊvəːt/ /ˈkʌvə/ /ˈkʌvət/ /ˈkʌvəɹ/ /ˈkʌvəɹt/ adj
potajemny ukradkowy
secret

covet /ˈkʌvɪt/ v
pożądać
to wish for with eagerness

covidiot /ˌkoʊˈvɪd.i.ət/ /ˌkɒvˈɪd.i.ət/ n
covidiota covidiotka
person who is foolishly reckless with respect to avoiding contracting or spreading COVID-19

cow /kaʊ/ /ɘ kaʊ/ n
krowa
female domesticated ox or other bovine
derogatory: despicable woman
female of various species of mammal

cow chip n
krowi placek
dried cow dung

cow parsley n
trybula leśna
a weedy biennial umbellifer

cow-wheat n
pszeniec
plant of genus Melampyrum

coward /ˈkaʊəd/ /ˈkaʊɚd/ n
tchórz strachajło bojaźliwiec
a person who lacks courage

cowardice /ˈkaʊə(ɹ)daɪs/ /ˈkaʊədɪs/ /ˈkaʊɚdɪs/ n
tchórzostwo bojaźliwość tchórzliwość
the lack of courage

cowardly /ˈkaʊədli/ adj
tchórzliwy
showing cowardice

cowbane /ˈkaʊbeɪn/ n
szalej
plant of the genus Cicuta

cowbell /ˈkaʊˌbɛl/ n
krowi dzwonek
musical instrument

cowbird n
starzyk
bird of the genus Molothrus

cowboy /ˈkaʊˌbɔɪ/ n
kowboj kowboje kowbojka kowbojki
person who tends cattle

cowboy shot n
plan amerykański
shot framed from head to mid-thigh

cower /ˈkaʊə/ /ˈkaʊɚ/ v
kulić się przycupnąć skulać się skulić się
to crouch in fear

cowgirl position n
na jeźdźca
The woman-on-top position

cowlick /ˈkaʊˌlɪk/ /ˈkælɪk/ n
kosmyk
unruly lock of hair

coworker /ˈkoʊˈwɝ.kɚ/ /ˈkəʊˈwɜː.kə/ n
współpracownik kolega z pracy koleżanka z pracy
somebody with whom one works

cowpat n
krowi placek
droppings of cow dung

cowpie n
krowi placek
cow excrement

cowpox n
krowianka
a skin disease

cowrie /ˈkaʊ.ɹi/ n
kauri
any member of the genus Cypraea

cowshed n
obora
place for cows

coxal adj
biodrowy
anatomy

coyote /kaɪˈ(j)oʊ.ɾi/ /kɔɪˈ(j)əʊt(ɪ)/ /kəˈjoʊ.ɾi/ /ˈkaɪ.(j)oʊt/ n
kojot
canine

coypu /ˈkɔɪ.pu/ n
nutria
Myocastor coypus

crab /kɹæb/ n
krab
crustacean
opryskliwy
bad-tempered person

crab cake n
ciastko z krabem
type of fishcake popular in the United States

crab louse n
menda mendoweszka wesz łonowa
insect

crab plover n
krabojad krabożer
Dromas ardeola

crab-eating fox n
lis krabojad majkong
Cerdocyon thous

crabs /kɹæbz/ n
wesz łonowa
slang: pubic lice

crack /kɹæk/ n
pęknięcie
thin space opened in a previously solid material
szparka
vulgar: vagina (only terms derived from "crack" and its equivalents)
trzask
sharp sound made when solid material breaks
any sharp sound

crack up /ˈkɹæk ˈʌp/ v
pękać ze śmiechu
to laugh

cracker /ˈkɹækə(ɹ)/ n
białas
derogatory: white person
haker
computing: one who cracks
krakers
crispy baked bread, usually salty or savoury

crackhead /ˈkɹæk.hɛd/ n
kokainista kokainistka
person addicted to crack

crackpot /ˈkɹæk.pɒt/ n
świr
crazy person

cradle /ˈkɹeɪdəl/ n
kolebka kołyska
figuratively: place of origin
kołyska kolebka
oscillating bed for a baby
figuratively: infancy, or very early life
widełki
rest for the receiver of a telephone

cradle cap n
ciemieniucha
form of seborrheic dermatitis

craft /kɹæft/ /kɹɐːft/ /kɹɑːft/ n
rzemiosło
skilled practice of practical occupation

craftsman n
rzemieślnik
male artisan

craftsmanship n
rzemieślnictwo
quality of being a craftsman

crafty /ˈkɹæfti/ /ˈkɹɑːfti/ adj
chytry podstępny przebiegły
cunning, wily

crag /kɹæɡ/ n
grań skała
rocky outcrop

craggy /ˈkɹæɡ.i/ adj
skalisty
characterized by rugged etc. features

cram school n
kursy
specialised school

cramp /kɹæmp/ n
skurcz kurcz
painful contraction of a muscle

cramped /kɹæmpt/ adj
ciasny
uncomfortably restricted in size

crampon /ˈkɹæmpɑn/ /ˈkɹæmpən/ n
rak
attachment to a shoe used for climbing or walking on ice

cranberry /ˈkræn.b(ə).ri/ /ˈkræn.bɛr.i/ n
żurawina
berry
shrub

cranberry juice n
sok żurawinowy
the unfermented juice of squeezed cranberries

crane /kɹeɪn/ n
żuraw
bird
żuraw dźwig
machinery

crane operator n
dźwigowy operator dźwigu

cranefly /ˈkɹeɪnˌflaɪ/ n
komarnica koziułka pytloch
fly of the suborder Tipulomorpha

cranesbill n
bodziszek geranium
plant of the genus Geranium

cranial /ˈkɹeɪ.ni.əl/ adj
czaszkowy
of or relating to the cranium, or to the skull

cranial nerve n
nerw czaszkowy
nerve

craniotomy n
kraniotomia
surgical procedure

cranium /ˈkɹeɪ.ni.əm/ n
mózgoczaszka
(anatomy) braincase or neurocranium

crankless adj
bezkorbowy

crap /kɹæp/ interjection
kurde
expression of worry, disgust

crap /kɹæp/ n
badziewie dziadostwo szajs
something of poor quality
gówno łajno
feces
pierdoły
nonsense

crappily adv
badziewnie

crappy /ˈkɹæpi/ adj
badziewny
of poor quality

craquelure /kɹæk.əˈljʊə/ /kɹæk.əˈljʊɹ/ /kɹæk.əˈlʊə/ /kɹæk.əˈlʊɹ/ n
krakelura
hairline cracks in painting

crash /kɹæʃ/ n
awaria zwiecha
computer malfunction
grzmot trzask
loud sound
krach
sudden large decline of business
kraksa wypadek
vehicle accident

crash /kɹæʃ/ v
crashować scrashować wykrzaczać wykrzaczyć
computing: to terminate unexpectedly

crash barrier n
bariera energochłonna
barrier on the side of a road

crash course n
kurs błyskawiczny kurs na zderzenie
quick, intense course

crass /kɹæs/ adj
prostacki chamski
coarse; crude; not refined, insensitive

crater /ˈkɹeɪ.tə(ɹ)/ /ˈkɹeɪ.tɚ/ n
krater
astronomy: hemispherical pit
geology: opening of a volcano
pit left by an explosion

craton /ˈkreɪtɒn/ /ˈkreɪtən/ /ˈkrætɒn/ n
kraton
stable part of Earth's crust

cravat /kɹəˈvat/ /kɹəˈvæt/ n
fular
wide fabric band

crave /kɹeɪv/ v
błagać
to ask earnestly
pożądać pragnąć
to want strongly

craving /ˈkɹeɪ.vɪŋ/ n
zachcianka żądza
strong desire; yearning

crawl /kɹoːl/ /kɹɑl/ /kɹɔl/ /kɹɔːl/ n
kraul
swimming stroke

crawl /kɹoːl/ /kɹɑl/ /kɹɔl/ /kɹɔːl/ v
czołgać się pełzać pełznąć raczkować
to move along the ground
czworakować raczkować
to move over an area on hands and knees

crawl space n
pomieszczenie pod budynkiem
opening underneath the bottom of a building or storey

crawler n
pełzak
child able to creep

crayfish /ˈkɹeɪˌfɪʃ/ n
rak
freshwater crustacean resembling lobster

crayon /ˈkɹaʊn/ /ˈkɹeɪ.ɑn/ /ˈkɹeɪ.ɒn/ /ˈkɹeɪ.ɒ̃/ /ˈkɹeɪ.ɔn/ /ˈkɹeɪ.ən/ /ˈkɹæn/ [ˈkɹeən] [ˈkɹæɔn] [ˈkɹɛɔn] n
kredka kredka woskowa kredka świecowa świecówka
colored chalk or wax

craze /kɹeɪz/ n
bzik fioł mania moda szał
temporary passion

craze /kɹeɪz/ v
popękać
to crack, as the glazing of porcelain or pottery

crazed /kɹeɪzd/ adj
spękany
Covered with cracks

crazy /ˈkɹeɪ.zi/ /ˈkɹæɪ̯zi/ adj
szalony obłąkany
insane, demented

crazy /ˈkɹeɪ.zi/ /ˈkɹæɪ̯zi/ adv
mega
very, extremely

crazy /ˈkɹeɪ.zi/ /ˈkɹæɪ̯zi/ n
dziwak wariat świr
an insane or eccentric person

creak /kɹiːk/ v
trzeszczeć
to make a prolonged sharp grating or squeaking sound

cream /kɹiːm/ adj
kremowy
colour

cream /kɹiːm/ n
krem
product to apply to the skin
śmietanka krem
the best part
śmietanka śmietana
oily part of milk

cream /kɹiːm/ v
zmiażdżyć
to obliterate, to win over someone else quite decisively

cream cheese n
serek śmietankowy
milk-based cheese product

cream of the crop n
śmietanka
the best

cream puff n
ptyś
hollow pastry filled with cream or custard

cream-colored courser n
raczak zwyczajny
Cursorius cursor

creamy /ˈkɹiːmi/ adj
kremowy
of food or drink, having the taste or texture of cream
having the colour of cream
kremowy śmietankowy
containing cream

crease /kɹiːs/ n
fałda zmarszczka
mark made by folding

crease /kɹiːs/ v
miąć bigować zbigować
to make a crease in

creaser n
bigówka

create /kɹiːˈeɪt/ v
tworzyć stworzyć
to put into existence

creation /kɹiːˈeɪʃən/ [kɹiːˈʲeɪʃɘn] n
kreacja tworzenie
act of creation
stworzenie
(Biblical) all which exists
wytwór
something created such as an invention or artwork

creationism /kɹiˈeɪʃənɪzəm/ n
kreacjonizm
any creationary theory or belief system

creationist n
kreacjonista kreacjonistka
a proponent or supporter of creationism

creative /kɹiˈeɪtɪv/ adj
kreatywny twórczy
original, expressive, and imaginative
twórczy
having the ability to create

creative accounting n
kreatywna księgowość
unorthodox accounting

creative work n
dzieło utwór
manifestation of creative effort

creativity /-ɾi/ /kɹieɪˈtɪvəti/ /kɹieɪˈtɪvɪti/ n
kreatywność twórczość
quality or ability to create or invent something

creator /kɹiˈeɪtɚ/ /kɹiːˈeɪtə/ n
twórca twórczyni
one who creates

creature /kɹiːˈeɪtjʊə/ /ˈkɹiːt͡ʃə/ /ˈkɹiːt͡ʃɚ/ n
stworzenie stwór istota
living being

credibility /kɹɛd.ə.ˈbɪ.ɫɪ.ti/ n
wiarygodność
reputation impacting one's ability to be believed
law: whether or not a witness is being truthful

credibly adv
wiarygodnie
in a credible manner; believably

credit /ˈkɹɛdɪt/ n
kredyt
privilege of delayed payment
accounting: amount added to an account
uznanie
acknowledgement of a contribution
recognition and respect

credit card n
karta kredytowa
card connected to a credit account used to buy goods or services

credit note n
nota kredytowa
commercial document issued by a seller to a buyer to cancel part or all of an earlier invoice

credit rating n
zdolność kredytowa rating
estimate used by creditors to determine maximum amount of credit

credit risk n
ryzyko kredytowe
type of risk

credit where credit's due phraseologicalUnit
uznanie, gdy się należy
praise

creditor n
wierzyciel
a person to whom a debt is owed

creditworthiness n
wiarygodność kredytowa
property of being creditworthy

credo /ˈkɹeɪdoʊ/ /ˈkɹeɪdəʊ/ /ˈkɹidoʊ/ /ˈkɹidəʊ/ n
credo kredo
belief system

credulous /ˈkɹɛdjələs/ /ˈkɹɛd͡ʒələs/ adj
łatwowierny
excessively ready to believe things

creep out v
przyprawiać o ciarki przyprawić o ciarki
make uncomfortable

creeper /ˈkɹipɚ/ n
pnącze rośliny pnące
plant

creepypasta /ˈkɹiː.piˌpeɪ.stə/ /ˈkɹiː.piˌpæs.tə/ /ˈkɹiː.piˌpɑː.stə/ n
creepypasta

cremate /kɹəˈmeɪt/ /kɹɪˈmeɪt/ /ˈkɹimeɪt/ v
kremować skremować
incinerate a body

cremation /kɹɪˈmeɪʃən/ n
kremacja ciałopalenie
burning; especially the act or practice of cremating the dead, burning a corpse

crematorium /kɹiːməˈtɔːɹi.əm/ /kɹɛməˈtɔːɹɪəm/ n
krematorium
place where dead bodies are cremated

crenel /ˈkɹɛnəl/ n
miedza
space between merlons

creole /ˈkɹi.əʊl/ /ˈkɹioʊl/ n
język kreolski
lect formed from two languages

creolistics n
kreolistyka
study of creoles

crepe /kɹeɪp/ /kɹɛp/ n
naleśnik crêpe
very thin pancake

crepuscular ray n
śreżoga
sunbeam

crescendo /kɹəˈʃɛn.doʊ/ /kɹəˈʃɛn.dəʊ/ /kɹɪˈʃɛn.doʊ/ /kɹɪˈʃɛn.dəʊ/ n
crescendo
music: instruction to play gradually more loudly

crescent /ˈkɹɛ.sənt/ /ˈkɹɛ.zənt/ n
półksiężyc
figure of the moon
półksiężyc hilal
symbol used by many Islamic entities
rogal
curved pastry

crescent moon n
pierwsza kwadra
the moon as it appears in its first or last quarter

cress /kɹɛs/ n
rzeżucha
a plant

cresset /ˈkɹɛsɪt/ n
kaganek kaganiec
iron cage to hold fire

crest /kɹɛst/ n
klejnot
heraldic bearing

crested honey buzzard n
trzmielojad czubaty
Pernis ptilorhynchus

crested lark n
dzierlatka
small lark

crested tit n
sikora czubatka czubatka czubatka europejska sikora czubata
bird of the tit family

crestfallen /ˈkɹɛstfɑlən/ /ˈkɹɛstfɔlən/ /ˈkɹɛstfɔːlən/ adj
frasobliwy strapiony zafrasowany zmartwiony
sad because of a recent disappointment

cretic /ˈkɹiː.tɪk/ n
amfimacer amfimakr

cretin /ˈkɹiːtɪn/ /ˈkɹɛtɪn/ n
kretyn
person who fails to develop due to congenital hypothyroidism
kretyn kretynka
pejorative: an idiot

cretinism n
kretynizm
disease of severely stunted physical and mental growth

cretonne n
kreton
strong cotton, linen or rayon fabric

crevice /ˈkɹɛvɪs/ n
rysa szczelina szpara
narrow crack

crew /kɹu/ /kɹuː/ [kɹuʊ̯] n
banda
any company of people
group of people working on common task
informal: group of friends or associates
załoga ekwipaż ekipa
group of people operating a large facility or piece of equipment

crew cut n
jeżyk
a haircut

crib /kɹɪb/ n
chata
(slang) one’s residence, or where one normally hangs out; a house or dwelling place
kojec
a baby’s bed with high sides
ściąga
notes concealed by a student to aid him/her in test or examination
ściąga ściągawka
a collection of quotes or references for use in speaking
żłób
a feeding trough for animals

crib death n
śmierć łóżeczkowa
the unexplained death of a baby usually while sleeping

cricket /ˈkɹɪkɪt/ n
świerszcz
insect
krykiet
game

cricothyrotomy n
konikotomia krikotyreotomia
incision made through the skin and cricothyroid membrane

crime /kɹaɪm/ n
przestępstwo zbrodnia
specific act committed in violation of the law

crime against humanity n
zbrodnia przeciwko ludzkości
a large-scale persecution of, or atrocity against, a body of people

crime against nature n
zbrodnia przeciwko naturze
crime against nature

crime doesn't pay /kɹaɪm ˈdʌzˌənt peɪ/ proverb
winie depcze po piętach kara zbrodnia nie popłaca
if you a commit a crime you will most likely be punished for it

crime scene n
miejsce zbrodni
location of a crime

criminal /ˈkɹɪm.ə.nəl/ /ˈkɹɪm.ɪ.nəl/ adj
kryminalny przestępczy
being against the law

criminal /ˈkɹɪm.ə.nəl/ /ˈkɹɪm.ɪ.nəl/ n
przestępca przestępczyni kryminalista zbrodniarz kryminalistka zbrodniarka
person guilty of a crime, breaking the law

criminal code n
kodeks karny
document which compiles a particular jurisdiction's criminal law

criminal law n
prawo karne
area of law

criminal offense n
przestępstwo karne
one concrete such crime committed

criminal record n
karalność dotychczasowa karalność uprzednia karalność wcześniejsza kryminalna przeszłość
a record of past crimes

criminality n
przestępczość
state of being criminal

criminological adj
kryminologiczny
of or pertaining to criminology

criminologist /ˈkɹɪm.ɪn.ɒl.ə.dʒɪst/ n
kryminolog
person who practices criminology

criminology n
kryminologia
the study of crime and criminals, especially their behaviour

crimping tool n
zaciskarka

crimson /ˈkɹɪmsən/ /ˈkɹɪmzən/ adj
karmazynowy
having a deep red colour

crimson /ˈkɹɪmsən/ /ˈkɹɪmzən/ n
karmazyn
deep, slightly bluish red

cringeworthiness n
cringe
awkwardness or embarrassment which causes an onlooker to cringe

cringeworthy /ˈkɹɪndʒˌwɜːð.i/ /ˈkɹɪnd͡ʒˌwɝð.i/ adj
zawstydzający żenujący
that causes one to cringe

cringle n
luwers
a grommet for a sail

crinoid /ˈkɹɪnɔɪd/ /ˈkɹʌɪnɔɪd/ n
liliowiec
animal of the class Crinoidea

crinoline /ˈkɹɪnəlɪn/ n
krynolina
petticoat

cripple /ˈkɹɪp(ə)l/ adj
kaleki
crippled

cripple /ˈkɹɪp(ə)l/ n
kaleka
person who has severe impairment in physical abilities

cripple /ˈkɹɪp(ə)l/ v
okaleczyć
to give someone a physical disability

crisis /ˈkɹaɪsɪs/ n
kryzys
unstable situation in political, social, economic or military affairs
crucial or decisive point or situation; a turning point
sudden change in the course of a disease
traumatic or stressful change in a person's life
point in a drama at which a conflict reaches a peak before being resolved

crisisless adj
bezkryzysowy
without crises

cristobalite n
krystobalit
mineral

criterion /kɹaɪˈtɪə.ɹi.ən/ /kɹaɪˈtɪɹ.i.ən/ /kɹɪˈtɪəɹi.ən/ n
kryterium
standard for comparison and judgment

critic /ˈkɹɪt.ɪk/ n
krytyk krytyczka
person who appraises the works of others
specialist in judging works of art
one who criticizes; a person who finds fault

critical /ˈkɹɪt.ɪ.kəl/ [ˈkɹɪɾ.ɪ.kəl] adj
arcyważny
extremely important

critical angle n
kąt graniczny
smallest angle of incidence

critical apparatus n
aparat krytyczny
critical and primary source material

critical mass n
masa krytyczna
amount of fissile material needed to a nuclear chain reaction

critical thinking n
myślenie krytyczne
application of logical principles

criticism /ˈkɹɪtɪsɪzəm/ n
krytyka
act of criticising

criticize /ˈkɹɪtɪsaɪz/ v
krytykować
to find fault
oceniać
to evaluate

critique /kɹɪˈtik/ /kɹɪˈtiːk/ n
krytyka recenzja
essay in which another piece of work is criticised, reviewed

critter /ˈkɹɪtə/ /ˈkɹɪtɚ/ n
futrzak stworzonko
a creature

croak /kɹoʊk/ /kɹəʊk/ n
rechot
the sound of a frog or toad

croak /kɹoʊk/ /kɹəʊk/ v
rechotać kumkać
of a frog, to make its sound
zabić
slang: to kill

crochet /kɹoʊˈʃeɪ/ n
szydełkowanie
needlework

crochet /kɹoʊˈʃeɪ/ v
szydełkować
to make needlework using a hooked needle

crochet hook n
szydełko
hook for crocheting

crock /kɹɒk/ n
chabeta szkapa
old or broken-down vehicle (and formerly a horse)
garnek
stoneware or earthenware jar
skorupa
piece of broken pottery, a shard

crockery /ˈkrɒkɹi/ /ˈkɹɑk(ə)ɹi/ /ˈkɹɒkəɹi/ n
porcelana stołowa
dishes, plates, and other tableware, usually made of some ceramic material used for serving food on and eating it from
zastawa stołowa
crocks or earthenware vessels, especially domestic utensils, collectively

crocket n
żabka
(architecture) any of a series of hook-shaped decorative floral elements used in Gothic architecture

crocodile /ˈkɹɑkədaɪl/ /ˈkɹɒkədaɪl/ [ˈkʰɹɑkədaɪɫ] n
krokodyl
reptile

crocodile tear /ˈkɹɑkədaɪl ˌtɪɹ/ /ˈkɹɒkədaɪl ˌtɪə/ n
krokodyle łzy
display of tears that is forced or false

crocus /ˈkɹoʊ.kəs/ /ˈkɹəʊ.kəs/ n
krokus szafran
plant of genus Crocus

croissant /k(ɹ)wɑˈsɑ̃/ /kxwəˈsɑ̃(t)/ /kɹɘˈsɔnt/ /kɹəˈsɑnt/ /kɹəˈsɔnt/ /ˈk(ɹ)wæsɒ̃/ /ˈk(ɹ)wɑːsɒ̃/ /ˈk(ɹ)wʌsɒ̃/ [kʰɹəˈsɑnt] [kʰɹ̥əˈsɑnt] n
croissant rogalik
a flaky roll or pastry in a form of a crescent

cromlech /ˈkɹɑmlɛk/ /ˈkɹɒmlɛk/ n
kromlech
Welsh dolmen or underground tomb

crone /kɹoʊn/ /kɹəʊn/ n
baba
old woman
ugly evil-looking or frightening old woman; a hag

cronyism /ˈkɹoʊniˌɪzəm/ /ˈkɹəʊnɪɪz(ə)m/ n
kolesiostwo kumoterstwo
favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications

crooked /ˈkɹʊkɪd/ adj
krzywy
having one or more bends or angles
set at an angle

croon /krøn/ /krʏn/ /kɹun/ /kɹuːn/ v
nucić zanucić
(transitive, intransitive) to hum or sing (a song or tune) softly in a low pitch or in a sentimental manner; to sing (a popular song) in a low, mellow voice

crop /kɹɑp/ /kɹɒp/ n
plon urodzaj
natural production for a specific year
roślina uprawna
plant grown for any economic purpose
wole
part of bird's or animal’s alimentary tract
wysyp
group, cluster or collection of things

crop milk n
ptasie mleczko
“milk” from a bird’s crop

crop rotation n
płodozmian
farming practice

crop-dusting n
agrolotnictwo
application of chemicals onto crops from an aircraft

croquette /kɹoʊˈkɛt/ n
krokiet
food

crosier /ˈkɹoʊʒɚ/ /ˈkɹəʊzi.ə/ /ˈkɹəʊʒə/ n
pastorał
staff of a bishop or abbot

crosne /kɹoʊn/ n
czyściec bulwiasty

cross /kɹɑs/ /kɹɒs/ /kɹɔs/ n
cios prosty
hook thrown over opponent's punch
krzyż
geometrical figure
in heraldry
wooden post with a perpendicular beam, used for crucifixion
definite: the cross on which Christ was crucified
figuratively: difficult situation
krzyż krzyżyk znak krzyża
gesture made by Christians
krzyżówka
biology: animal or plant produced by crossbreeding or cross-fertilization

cross bearer n
nosiciel krzyża

cross country n
biegi przełajowe
running sport

cross my heart and hope to die v
z ręką na sercu

cross one's fingers v
krzyżować palce skrzyżować palce
put the middle finger across the index finger
trzymać kciuki
do this or a similar gesture to wish for good luck

cross out v
skreślać skreślić
to strike out

cross that bridge when one comes to it v
nie martwić się na zapas
deal with something only when it arises

cross the Rubicon v
przekroczyć Rubikon przekraczać Rubikon
to make an irreversible decision

cross the line v
zapominać się zapomnieć się
overstep a boundary

cross-belt sorter n
sortownik crossbelt

cross-country adj
biegowy
relating to cross country racing

cross-country skier n
biegacz narciarski biegaczka narciarska
someone who participates in cross-country skiing

cross-country skiing n
biegi narciarskie
winter sport

cross-dress /ˈkɹɒsˈdɹɛs/ /ˈkɹɔsˈdɹɛs/ v
przebierać się
to wear clothes of the opposite sex

cross-dresser /ˈkɹɑsˌdɹɛ.sɚ/ /ˈkɹɒsˌdɹɛ.sə/ /ˈkɹɔsˌdɹɛ.sɚ/ /ˌkɹɑsˈdɹɛ.sɚ/ /ˌkɹɔsˈdɹɛ.sɚ/ n
transwestyta transwestytka
person who wears clothing considered appropriate only for the opposite sex

cross-dressing v
crossdressing
wearing clothes of the opposite gender

cross-eyed adj
zezowaty

cross-legged adj
z założoną nogą na nogę
having one leg over and across the other
ze skrzyżowanymi nogami
having one ankle over and across the other

cross-legged adv
po turecku
in this manner

cross-reference n
odsyłacz,odnośnik, odpowiednik
a reference to another location in the same source

cross-reference v
odniesienie odnośnik odpowiednik odsyłacz
provide with cross-reference

crossbar n
poprzeczka
top of the goal structure
rama
top tube of a bicycle frame

crossbow /ˈkɹɒsbəʊ/ n
kusza samostrzał
mechanised weapon based on the bow

crossbowman n
kusznik
someone equipped with a crossbow

crossbreed /ˈkɹɑːsˌbɹiːd/ v
krzyżować
hybridize

crossbreeding n
krzyżowanie
process or result of crossbreeding

crossfire /ˈkɹɒsfaɪə/ /ˈkɹɔːsfaɪɹ/ n
ogień krzyżowy
lines of fire

crossguard n
garda jelec
Bar of metal, at right-angles, between the blade and the hilt of a sword.

crosshatch n
szrafowanie
pattern of crossing lines

crossing /ˈkɹɑsɪŋ/ /ˈkɹɒsɪŋ/ /ˈkɹɔsɪŋ/ /ˈkɹɔːsɪŋ/ n
skrzyżowanie
intersection where roads, lines, or tracks cross

crossroads n
rozdroże
decisive turning point
skrzyżowanie rozdroże rozstaj
intersection

crosstree n
saling
a light timber to spread the shrouds

crossword /ˈkɹɒswɜː(ɹ)d/ n
krzyżówka
word puzzle

crostata n
crostata

crotch /kɹɑt͡ʃ/ /kɹɒt͡ʃ/ n
krocze krok
area of a person’s body
rozstaj rozwidlenie
area where something forks

crotchet /ˈkɹɑt͡ʃ.ɪt/ /ˈkɹɒtʃ.ɪt/ n
ćwierćnuta
musical note

crotonic acid n
kwas krotonowy
an unsaturated organic acid

crouch /kɹaʊt͡ʃ/ v
podkurczać się podkurczyć się
to bend down

croup /kɹuːp/ n
krup
an infectious illness of the larynx

croupier /ˈkɹupieɪ/ /ˈkɹupiɚ/ /ˈkɹuːpieɪ/ /ˈkɹuːpɪə/ n
krupier krupierka
person who collects bets and pays out winnings at a gambling table

crouton /ˈkɹuːtɑːn/ /ˈkɹuːtɒn/ n
grzanka
small piece of bread

crow /kɹoʊ/ /kɹəʊ/ n
pianie
cry of the rooster
wrona kruk gawron kawka
any bird of the genus Corvus
łom
bar of iron

crow /kɹoʊ/ /kɹəʊ/ v
piać
to make the sound of a rooster
piać z zachwytu
to utter a sound of joy

crow's feet n
kurze stopki kurze łapki
wrinkles at the outer corners of the eye

crow's nest n
bocianie gniazdo bocianiec
open-top shelter atop the foremast for a lookout

crowbar /ˈkɹoʊˌbɑɹ/ n
łom
iron or steel bar used as a lever to manually force things apart

crowberry /ˈkɹəʊbəɹɪ/ n
bagnisko bażyna
the genus Empetrum
bażyna czarna
the species Empetrum nigrum

crowd /kɹaʊd/ n
kupa
group of things
tłum
group of people

crowded /ˈkɹaʊdɪd/ adj
nabity zatłoczony
containing too many of something

crown /kɹaʊn/ n
ciemię
topmost part of the head
korona
representation of such a headdress
royal headdress
dentistry: prosthetic covering for a tooth
anatomy: part of tooth
upper part of a tree
part of a plant where the root and stem meet
imperial or regal power
any currency issued by the crown
splendor, culmination, acme
szczyt
highest part of a hill
wianek wianuszek wieniec
wreath or band for the head

crown /kɹaʊn/ v
koronować
to formally declare one a king or emperor
koronować ukoronować
to place a crown on the head of
koronować wieńczyć zwieńczać
to form the topmost or finishing part of

crown cap n
kapsel
type of bottle cap

crown jewels n
klejnoty koronne
jewelry
klejnoty klejnoty rodowe
male genitalia

crown of thorns /ˌkɹaʊn əv ˈθɔːnz/ n
korona cierniowa
starfish
crown made of a thorny plant that Christ was forced to wear

crown princess n
królewna
the heiress apparent to the throne in a monarchy

crownvetch n
cieciorka pstra
Securigera varia

crucial /ˈkɹuː.ʃəl/ adj
krytyczny
extremely important
krzyżowy
cross-shaped

crucian carp n
karaś karaś pospolity
Carassius carassius

crucible /ˈkɹuː.sɪ.bəl/ n
tygiel
cup-shaped piece of laboratory equipment
heat-resistant container in which metals are melted

crucifix /ˈkɹuː.sɪˌfɪks/ n
krucyfiks krzyż
sculptural representation

crucifixion /ˌkɹuːsɪˈfɪkʃən/ n
ukrzyżowanie
death of Jesus Christ on the Cross
execution by being nailed or tied to an upright cross

cruciform adj
krzyżowy
having the shape of a cross

crucify /ˈkɹuːsɪfaɪ/ v
ukrzyżować
to execute a person by nailing to a cross

crude /kɹuːd/ /kɹʉd/ adj
nieoczyszczony surowy
being in a natural state
nieokrzesany
lacking tact or taste
prymitywny
characterized by simplicity

crude oil n
ropa
unrefined oil

cruel /kɹuː(ə)l/ adj
okrutny
that intentionally causes pain and suffering

cruelly /ˈkɹuːli/ /ˈkɹuːəli/ adv
bezwzględnie okrutnie
in a cruel manner

cruelty /ˈkɹuː(ə)lti/ n
okrucieństwo
indifference to suffering

cruet /ˈkɹu.ɪt/ n
ampułka
small vessel used to hold wine or water for the Eucharist
flaszka
small bottle or container used to hold a condiment

cruft /kɹʌft/ n
barachło rupiecie szajs
anything old or of inferior quality

cruise /kɹuːz/ n
rejs
sea voyage

cruise control n
tempomat
system

cruise missile n
pocisk manewrujący
winged missile

cruise ship n
wycieczkowiec statek wycieczkowy
passenger ship

cruiser /ˈkɹu.zɚ/ n
krążownik
class of warships
naval vessel detached from the fleet

cruising for a bruising adj
szukać guza
following a course of action likely to result in injury or other trouble for oneself

cruising speed n
prędkość przelotowa

crumb /kɹʌm/ n
miękisz
soft internal portion of bread
okruch
small piece of biscuit, cake, etc

crumble /ˈkɹʌmbəl/ [ˈkɹʌmbl̩] [ˈkɹʌmbɪ̈l] v
kruszyć pokruszyć
to fall apart

crummy /ˈkɹʌmi/ adj
lichy marny
bad, poor

crumpet /ˈkɹʌmpɪt/ n
racuch
savoury cake

crumple /ˈkɹʌmpəl/ v
miąć
to rumple

crunch /kɹʌnt͡ʃ/ n
chrupanie chrupnięcie chrupot chrzęst
a noisy crackling sound

crunch /kɹʌnt͡ʃ/ v
chrupać chrupnąć
to crush something with a noisy crackling sound

crunchy /ˈkɹʌnt͡ʃi/ adj
chrupki kruchy
likely to crunch

crupper /ˈkɹʊpəɹ/ /ˈkɹʊpɚ/ /ˈkɹʌpə/ /ˈkɹʌpɚ/ n
podogonie
strap stopping saddle from slipping

crusade /kɹuːˈseɪd/ n
krucjata wyprawa krzyżowa
grand concerted effort
military expedition

crusader /kɹuˈseɪdɚ/ /kɹuːˈseɪdə/ n
krzyżowiec
fighter in the medieval crusades

cruse /kɹuːs/ /kɹuːz/ n
kruż
small jar

crush /kɹʌʃ/ n
crush sympatia zauroczenie
love or infatuation or its object (often short-lived or unrequited)

crush /kɹʌʃ/ v
kruszyć miażdżyć przytłaczać przytłoczyć rozgniatać rozgnieść
to press or bruise between two hard bodies
przytłaczać przytłoczyć
to oppress or burden grievously
to overwhelm by pressure or weight

crushing /ˈkɹʌ.ʃɪŋ/ adj
miażdżący
that crushes

crust /kɹʌst/ n
skorupa
outermost layer of a planet
skórka
outer layer of bread
bread foundation of pizza
outer layer composed of pastry

crustacean /kɹʌsˈteɪʃən/ n
skorupiak
arthropod of the subphylum Crustacea

crutch /kɹʌt͡ʃ/ n
kula
device to assist in motion as a cane

crux /kɹʌks/ n
sedno
central or essential point
zagadka
puzzle or difficulty

cry /kɹaɪ̯/ n
krzyk okrzyk
words shouted or screamed
shout or scream
płacz
shedding of tears

cry /kɹaɪ̯/ v
krzyczeć
intransitive: to shout, scream, yell
płakać
intransitive: to produce tears

cry for help n
wołanie o pomoc
cry for help
wołanie o uwagę
acting out as a means of displaying a subconscious desire for attention or help

cry one's eyes out v
wypłakiwać oczy
to weep for an elongated time

cry over spilt milk v
płakać nad rozlanym mlekiem
to worry about unfortunate events which have already happened

cry someone a river v
nie popłacz się
to try to obtain the sympathy of another person by complaining or sniveling
popłakać się
to weep profusely or excessively in the presence of another person

cry wolf v
podnieść fałszywy alarm podnosić fałszywy alarm
raise a false alarm

crybaby /ˈkɹaɪˌbeɪbi/ n
beksa
baby who cries excessively
maminsynek
person whose feelings are easily hurt

crying /kɹaɪ̯.ɪŋ/ n
płacz
action of the verb cry

cryolite n
kriolit kryolit
mineral

cryotron n
kriotron
switch that employs superconductivity

cryovolcano n
kriowulkan
cryovolcano

crypt /kɹɪpt/ n
krypta
underground vault

cryptanalysis n
kryptoanaliza
science of analyzing and breaking codes and ciphers

cryptanalyst n
kryptoanalityk
an expert in analyzing and breaking codes

cryptic /ˈkɹɪptɪk/ adj
niejasny
mystified or of an obscure nature

crypto- /kɹɪptoʊ-/ prefix
krypto-

cryptobiosis n
anabioza
state of life

cryptobiotic adj
anabiotyczny
of or related to cryptobiosis

cryptocurrency n
kryptowaluta
type of digital currency

cryptodepression /ˌkɹiptoʊdəˈpɹɛʃ(ə)n/ /ˌkɹɪptəʊdɪˈpɹɛʃən/ n
kryptodepresja
portion of a lake which lies below sea level

cryptography /kɹɪpˈtɒɡ.ɹə.fi/ [kɹ̥ɪpˈtʰɒɡɹəfiː] n
kryptografia
discipline concerned with communication security

cryptologist n
kryptolog
One who studies cryptology

cryptology /kɹɪpˈtɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/ /kɹɪpˈtɒl.ə.dʒi/ n
kryptologia
practice

cryptonym n
kryptonim
secret name, code name

cryptorchidism n
wnętrostwo
The failure of one or both testes to descend into the scrotum

cryptovirus /ˈkɹɪptoʊˌvaɪɹəs/ /ˈkɹɪptəʊˌvaɪɹəs/ n
kryptowirus wirus-szyfrator
type of malware that is used for extortion by encrypting user files and asking for payment in exchange for the decryption key

crystal /ˈkɹɪstəl/ n
kryształ
array of atoms
mineral
glassware

crystal ball n
szklana kula
globe used to foretell the future

crystal habit n
pokrój
characteristic external shape of an individual crystal or crystal group

crystalline /ˈkɹɪs.tə.lɪn/ /ˈkɹɪs.təˌlaɪn/ /ˈkɹɪs.təˌliːn/ adj
krystaliczny
relating to crystals
resembling crystal in being clear and transparent

crystallize /ˈkɹɪstəlaɪz/ v
krystalizować
to make something form into crystals

crème brûlée /kɹɛm bɹuˈleɪ/ n
crème brûlée
dessert

crème de la crème n
śmietanka
best of the best

crème fraîche /kɹɛmˈfɹɛʃ/ n
crème fraîche
soured thick cream

crêpe paper n
bibuła
crinkled tissue paper

csardas /ˈtʃɑːdæʃ/ /ˈt͡ʃɑɹdɑʃ/ /ˈzɑːdəs/ n
czardasz
Hungarian folk dance

ctenophore /ˈtiː.nəˌfɔɹ/ /ˈtiː.nəˌfɔː/ /ˈtɛn.əˌfɔɹ/ /ˈtɛn.əˌfɔː/ n
żebropław
any of various marine animals of the phylum Ctenophora

cub /kʌb/ n
lisię szczenię
young fox
młode
the young of certain animals

cubbishly adv
szczenięco
in a cubbish manner

cubbyhole n
izdebka kanciapa klitka pokoik
a small, snug room

cube /kjub/ /kjuːb/ n
do sześcianu sześcian
arithmetic: number raised to the third power
kostka sześcian
object more or less in the form of a cube
sześcian
geometry: polyhedron having of six identical square faces

cube /kjub/ /kjuːb/ v
podnosić do sześcianu
arithmetic: to raise to the third power

cube root n
pierwiastek sześcienny
number

cube sugar n
cukier w kostkach
sugar shaped into cubes

cubic /ˈkju.bɪk/ /ˈkjuː.bɪk/ adj
kubiczny regularny
having three equal axes and all angles 90°
sześcienny
in the name of units of volume
trzeciego stopnia
of a polynomial of third degree

cubic equation n
równanie sześcienne
polynomial equation

cubic function n
funkcja sześcienna
function of a polynomial

cubic metre n
metr sześcienny
unit of volume

cubic zirconia n
cyrkonia

cubism /ˈkjuː.bɪz.əm/ n
kubizm
An artistic movement characterized by the depiction of natural forms as geometric structures of planes

cuboctahedron n
[[sześć|sześcio-]]ośmiościan
polyhedron with 8 triangular and 6 square faces

cuboid adj
prostopadłościan
of the shape of a cube

cuboid n
prostopadłościan
hexahedron

cuckold /ˈkʌ.koʊld/ /ˈkʌ.kəld/ /ˈkʌ.kəʊld/ n
rogacz
man married to an unfaithful wife

cuckold /ˈkʌ.koʊld/ /ˈkʌ.kəld/ /ˈkʌ.kəʊld/ v
przyprawić rogi
make a cuckold

cuckoo /ˈkuː.kuː/ /ˈkʊk.uː/ n
kukułka
the bird

cuckoo /ˈkuː.kuː/ /ˈkʊk.uː/ v
gęgać
to repeat something incessantly
kukać
to make the call of a cuckoo

cuckoo clock n
zegar z kukułką
clock

cucumber /ˈkaʊˌkʌmbəɹ/ /ˈkjuːˌkʌmbə/ /ˈkjuːˌkʌmbɚ/ n
ogórek
edible fruit
plant

cud /kʌd/ n
żujka
food chewed for a second time by ruminants

cuddle /ˈkʌd.l̩/ n
przytulenie
affectionate embrace

cuddle /ˈkʌd.l̩/ v
miziać się przytulać się przytulić się
embrace, lie together snugly
przytulać przytulić
cradle in one's arms

cuddly /ˈkʌdli/ /ˈkʌdl̩i/ /ˈkʌdəli/ adj
milusi milusiński
Suitable for cuddling

cudgel /ˈkʌd͡ʒəl/ n
pałka maczuga
short heavy club with a rounded head used as a weapon

cue /ˈkjuː/ [cj̊uː] [kj̊ʉː] n
kij
straight tapering rod used to impel the balls in games such as billiards, snooker, and pool

cue mark n
znak końca aktu
indicator to change reels

cue sheet n
akursz CUE
(computing)

cue sport n
bilard
game played with cue and balls

cuff /kʌf/ v
mankiet
the end of a shirt sleeve that covers the wrist
the end of a pants leg, folded up

cufflink /ˈkʌflɪŋk/ n
spinka do mankietu
button used to hold a sleeve cuff together

cuirass /kwɪˈɹæs/ /ˈkjʊəɹæs/ n
kirys
piece of defensive armor, covering the body from the neck to the girdle

cuisine /kwɪˈziːn/ n
kuchnia
characteristic style of preparing food

culinary art n
kulinaria
art of cooking

cull /kʌl/ n
odstrzał
organised killing of selected animals

culm /kʌlm/ n
źdźbło
stem of a grass or sedge

culmination /ˌkʌl.məˈneɪ.ʃən/ /ˌkʌl.mɪnˈeɪ.ʃən/ n
kulminacja
arrival of the highest pitch of glory
astronomy: attainment of the highest point

culprit [ˈkʰʌɫpɹ̥ɪt] n
winowajca sprawca delikwent
person or thing at fault of problem or crime

cult /kʌlt/ /ˈkɒlt/ [kʰʌlt] adj
kultowy
enjoyed by a small, loyal group

cult /kʌlt/ /ˈkɒlt/ [kʰʌlt] n
kult
devotion to a saint
kult sekta
a sect

cult of personality n
kult jednostki
situation of being falsely idolized

cultivar /ˈkʌltɪvɑɹ/ n
kultywar
cultivated variety

cultivate /ˈkʌltɪveɪt/ v
kultywować obrabiać obrobić
turn or stir soil in preparation for planting
pielęgnować
nurture
uprawiać uprawić kultywować
grow plants, notably crops

cultivation /ˌkʌltɪˈveɪʃən/ n
pielęgnowanie
devotion of time or attention to the improvement of
uprawa
art or act of cultivating

cultivator n
kultywator drapacz
device used to loosen or stir the soil
kultywator kultywatorka
person who cultivates

cultural /ˈkʌlt͡ʃ(ə)ɹəl/ /ˈkʌlt͡ʃ(ʊ)əɹəl/ /ˈkʌlt͡ʃɹ(ə)l/ adj
kulturalny kulturowy
pertaining to culture

cultural studies n
kulturoznawstwo
diverse field of study

culturally adv
kulturalnie
of or relating to culture

culture /ˈkʌlt͡ʃə/ /ˈkʌlt͡ʃɚ/ n
kultura
the beliefs, values, behavior and material objects that constitute a people's way of life
microbiology: the process of growing a bacterial or other biological entity
kultura obyczajowość
arts, customs and habits

culture of death n
cywilizacja śmierci
moral theology, the concept that human life can be a means to some other end and not solely an end itself

culture shock n
szok kulturowy
state of anxious confusion

culvert /ˈkʌlvə(ɹ)t/ n
przepust
channel for draining water

cum /kʌm/ n
nasienie sperma spust
slang: semen

cum /kʌm/ v
dojść dochodzić wytryskiwać
slang: have an orgasm; ejaculate

cumbersome /ˈkʌmbəsəm/ /ˈkʌmbɚsəm/ adj
nieporęczny
hard, difficult, demanding to handle
nieporęczny niewygodny
not easily managed or handled; awkward
uciążliwy
burdensome or hindering, as if a weight or drag; vexatious; cumbrous

cumin /ˈkjumɪn/ /ˈkjuːmɪn/ /ˈkumɪn/ /ˈkʊmɪn/ /ˈkʌmɪn/ n
kmin rzymski kminek
plant Cuminum cyminum
kminek
its seed used as spice

cumslut /ˈkʌmslət/ /ˈkʌmslʌt/ n
szmata na spermę
a person who badly wants to receive a man's semen

cumulant n
kumulanta

cumulative /ˈkjuːmjʊlətɪv/ /ˈkjuːmjʊˌleɪtɪv/ adj
narastający
incorporating all data up to the present

cumulative distribution function n
dystrybuanta
a function in probability theory

cumulus /ˈkjuː.mjə.ləs/ n
obłok
white, puffy cloud

cunctation /kʌŋkˈteɪʃən/ n
kunktatorstwo zwłoka
delay, hesitation, procrastination

cuneal adj
klinowy
shaped like a wedge

cuneiform /kjuˈni.ə.fɔɹm/ /kjʊˈneɪ.ɪ.fɔːm/ /ˈkju.nɪ.fɔɹm/ /ˈkjuː.ni.ɪ.fɔːm/ /ˈkjuː.nɪ.fɔːm/ adj
klinowy
written in the cuneiform writing system

cuneiform /kjuˈni.ə.fɔɹm/ /kjʊˈneɪ.ɪ.fɔːm/ /ˈkju.nɪ.fɔɹm/ /ˈkjuː.ni.ɪ.fɔːm/ /ˈkjuː.nɪ.fɔːm/ n
pismo klinowe
ancient writing system

cunnilingus /ˌkʌn.iˈlɪŋ.ɡəs/ /ˌkʌn.ɪˈlɪŋ.ɡəs/ n
cunnilingus mineta
oral stimulation of the vulva

cunning /ˈkʌnɪŋ/ adj
chytry cwany przebiegły sprytny
sly
umiejętny wprawny zręczny
skillful

cunning /ˈkʌnɪŋ/ n
chytrość przebiegłość cwaniactwo spryt
skill of being sly or deceitful
umiejętność
aptitude

cunningly adv
chytrze sprytnie
with cunning, cleverly

cunt /kʌnt/ [kʰʌ̃nt] n
cipa pizda bladź
unpleasant or objectionable person
cipa pizda cipsko
genitalia

cup /kʌp/ n
filiżanka szklanka
drinking vessel
kielich puchar
tarot suit
miseczka
part of bra
puchar
contest
trophy

cup-and-ball n
bilbokiet
children's toy

cupbearer /ˈkʌpˌbɛəɹə/ /ˈkʌpˌbɛɹɚ/ n
cześnik podczaszy
one who ceremonially fills and hands out the cups in which a drink is served

cupboard /ˈkʌb.əd/ /ˈkʌb.ɚd/ /ˈkʌp.boɹd/ n
kredens szafka kuchenna
a cabinet, closet, or other piece of furniture intended for storing cookware, dishware, or food
szafa
enclosed storage

cupcake /ˈkʌpkeɪk/ n
babeczka
attractive young woman
small cake

cupola /ˈkjupəloʊ/ /ˈkjuːpələ/ /ˈkupələ/ n
kopuła
architecture: dome-shaped ornamental structure

cuprite n
kupryt
mineral composed of cuprous oxide

cupro- prefix
miedzio-
of or pertaining to copper

cupronickel n
miedzionikiel
alloy of copper

cupule n
kupula
small structure shaped like a cup

cur /kɜː/ /kɝ/ n
kundel
contemptible dog

curacy n
wikariat

curare /kjʊˈɹɑ.ɹi/ /kjʊˈɹɑː.ɹi/ n
kurara
a substance containing the alkaloid D-tubocurarine

curassow n
czubacz
birds of the family Cracidae

curator /kjʊəˈɹeɪtə(ɹ)/ n
kurator kuratorka
person who manages, administers or organizes a collection

curaçao /ˈk(j)ʊəɹ.əˌsaʊ/ /ˈk(j)ʊəɹ.əˌsoʊ/ /ˈkjuːɹəsaʊ/ /ˈkjuːɹəsəʊ/ /ˌk(j)ʊəɹ.əˈsaʊ/ /ˌk(j)ʊəɹ.əˈsoʊ/ n
curaçao curacao
liqueur

curdle /ˈkɜː.dəl/ /ˈkɝ.dəl/ v
zsiadać się ścinać się
to form or cause to form curds

cure /kjɔː(ɹ)/ /kjɜː(ɹ)/ /kjɝ/ /kjʊə(ɹ)/ /kjʊɹ/ /kɜː(ɹ)/ n
peklowanie
process of preservation
wulkanizacja
process whereby a material is caused to form permanent molecular linkages by exposure to chemicals, heat, pressure and/or weathering

cure /kjɔː(ɹ)/ /kjɜː(ɹ)/ /kjɝ/ /kjʊə(ɹ)/ /kjʊɹ/ /kɜː(ɹ)/ v
leczyć uzdrawiać uzdrowić wyleczyć
to restore to health
peklować zapeklować
to undergo a process for preservation or use

curettage /ˌkjʊəɹɪˈtɑːʒ/ n
abrazja
the removal of unwanted tissue from a body cavity using a curette

curette /kjʊˈɹɛt/ v
łyżeczkować
to scrape with a curette

curfew /ˈkɜː.fjuː/ /ˈkɝ.fju/ n
godzina policyjna
regulation requiring people to be off the streets and in their homes by a certain time

curiosity /-ɪti/ /ˌkjɔːɹiˈɒsəti/ /ˌkjɔːˈɹɒsəti/ /ˌkjɚiˈɑsəti/ /ˌkjɜːˈɹɒsəti/ /ˌkjʊəɹiˈɑsəti/ /ˌkjʊəɹiˈɒsəti/ /ˌkjʊəˈɹɒsəti/ n
ciekawostka
unique or extraordinary object which arouses interest
ciekawość
inquisitiveness; the tendency to ask questions, investigate, or explore

curiosity killed the cat proverb
ciekawość to pierwszy stopień do piekła ciekawy kot do studni wpadł
undue curiosity is dangerous

curious /-i.jɪs/ /-i.ɪs/ /ˈkjɔː-/ /ˈkjɚ.i.əs/ /ˈkjʊ.ɹi.əs/ /ˈkjʊ.ɹəs/ /ˈkjʊə.ɹi.əs/ adj
ciekawy dociekliwy
tending to ask questions, or to want to explore or investigate

curium /ˈkjʊəɹiəm/ n
kiur
chemical element

curl /kəːl/ /kɝl/ n
lok kędzior
curving lock of hair
rotacja
mathematics: vector operator

curl up v
zwinąć się w kłębek
to become coiled or shrivelled
to tuck one’s legs up against the abdomen and wrap arms around the raised knees

curlew /ˈkɜːlju/ /ˈkɜːlu/ /ˈkɝlu/ n
kulik kulig
migratory wading bird

curlew sandpiper n
biegus krzywodzioby
Calidris ferruginea

curling /ˈkəɹlɪŋ/ /ˈkɜː(ɹ)lɪŋ/ n
curling
winter sport where players aim and slide stones down a sheet of ice

curling iron n
lokówka
a heated cylindrical device for curling the hair

curly /ˈkɜːli/ /ˈkɝli/ adj
kędzierzawy kręcony
having curls

curly /ˈkɜːli/ /ˈkɝli/ n
kręconowłosy
a person or animal with curly hair

curly bracket n
klamra
either of the two characters: “{” and “}”

curly kale n
jarmuż

curmudgeon /kɚˈmʌd͡ʒən/ /kɜːˈmʌdʒ.ən/ n
gbur mruk zrzęda
an ill-tempered stubborn person

currant /ˈkɝənt/ /ˈkʌɹənt/ n
porzeczka
fruit of the genus Ribes
bush

currency /ˈkɝ.ən.si/ /ˈkʌɹ.ən.si/ n
aktualność
state of being current; general acceptance or recognition
waluta
money or other item used to facilitate transactions

current /ˈkɝ.ənt/ /ˈkɝ.ɪnt/ /ˈkʌ.ɹənt/ /ˈkʌ.ɹɪnt/ adj
aktualny
generally accepted, used, practiced, or prevalent at the moment
aktualny obecny bieżący każdoczesny
existing or occurring at the moment

current /ˈkɝ.ənt/ /ˈkɝ.ɪnt/ /ˈkʌ.ɹənt/ /ˈkʌ.ɹɪnt/ n
prąd
part of a fluid that moves continuously in a certain direction
prąd natężenie prądu
time rate of flow of electric charge

current account n
rachunek bieżący
checking account

current events n
aktualia
news items

currently /kɝəntli/ /ˈkʌɹəntli/ adv
obecnie aktualnie
at this moment

curriculum /kəˈɹɪk.jə.ləm/ /kəˈɹɪkjələm/ /kɚˈɪkjələm/ /kɜːɹˈɪk.juː.ləm/ n
program nauczania
set of courses and coursework

curriculum vitae /kəˈɹɪkjələm ˈviːtaɪ/ /kəˈɹɪkjələm ˈviːteɪ/ n
curriculum vitae życiorys CV cefałka
written account of one's education, accomplishments, etc.

curry /ˈkɝ.i/ /ˈkʌɹ.i/ n
curry
sauce or relish
dish

curry /ˈkɝ.i/ /ˈkʌɹ.i/ v
rozwijać funkcję rozwinąć funkcję
to perform currying upon

curry leaf n
liść curry
Murraya koenigii leaf

curry powder n
curry
mixture of spices

currycomb n
zgrzebło
a comb or brush used to groom horses

currying /ˈkɝɹi.ɪŋ/ /ˈkʌɹi.ɪŋ/ n
rozwijanie funkcji
computing technique

curse /kɜːs/ /kɝs/ n
klątwa przekleństwo
supernatural detriment
przekleństwo
cause of great harm, evil, or misfortune
przekleństwo klątwa
prayer that harm may befall someone
przekleństwo wulgaryzm
vulgar epithet

curse /kɜːs/ /kɝs/ v
kląć zakląć
to use offensive language
przeklinać
to utter a vulgar curse
przeklinać bluzgać bluznąć przekląć
to place a curse upon

cursed /kɜːst/ /kɝst/ /ˈkɜːsɪd/ /ˈkɝsɪd/ [kʰɝst] [ˈkʰɝsɪ̈d] adj
przeklęty
having some sort of divine harm

cursive /ˈkɜːsɪv/ /ˈkɝsɪv/ n
kursywa
character

cursor /kɜɹsəɹ/ /kɜːsə/ [ˈkʰɜː sə] [ˈkʰɜ˞ sə˞] n
kursor
GUI: moving icon representing the position of a pointing device
GUI: indicator of where the next insertation or other edit will take place
part of scientific instruments that indicates position

cursory /ˈkɜː.sə.ɹi/ /ˈkɜːs.ɹi/ /ˈkɝː.sə.ɹi/ /ˈkɝːs.ɹi/ /ˈkɵː.sɘ.ɹi/ /ˈkɵːs.ɹi/ adj
pobieżny
hasty, superficial, careless

curtain /ˈkɜː.tən/ /ˈkɝ.tən/ [ˈkʰɝʔn̩] n
kurtyna zasłona
piece of cloth in a theater
zasłona kurtyna firana firanka
piece of cloth covering a window

curtain /ˈkɜː.tən/ /ˈkɝ.tən/ [ˈkʰɝʔn̩] v
zasłonić
to cover with a curtain

curtain rod n
karnisz
rod for hanging curtains

curtsey /ˈkɜːtsɪ/ /ˈkɝtsɪ/ n
dygnięcie
small bow of knees and lowered body, usually by a female

curtsey /ˈkɜːtsɪ/ /ˈkɝtsɪ/ v
dygać
to make a curtsey

curvature /ˈkɝ.və.t͡ʃɚ/ n
krzywizna
the shape of something curved

curve /kɜːv/ /kɝv/ [ˈkʰɜːv] [ˈkʰɝv] n
krzywa
geometry: one-dimensional figure
curved line
zakręt krzywa
gentle bend

cuscus /ˈkuːs.kuːs/ /ˈkʌs.kəs/ n
kuskus
marsupial

cushion /ˈkʊʃən/ n
banda
in cue sports
poduszka
soft material in cloth bag
absorbent or protective item

cushy /ˈkʊʃi/ adj
komfortowy wygodny
comfortable, often in a way that will suit a person’s body
zgodny
making few demands

cushy number /ˌkʊʃi ˈnʌmbə/ /ˌkʊʃi ˈnʌmbɚ/ n
ciepła posadka
job or task that is easy to do; a position that requires little work or is undemanding

cusk n
brosma
cod-like fish

cuss /kʌs/ v
bluzgać bluznąć
to use cursing

custard /ˈkʌs.təd/ /ˈkʌs.tɚd/ n
custard sos angielski
sauce

custody /ˈkʌstədiː/ n
kustodia
Franciscan administrative unit
opieka
legal right to take care of something or somebody

custom /ˈkʌstəm/ adj
na miarę na wymiar na zamówienie niestandardowy spersonalizowany
custom-made

custom /ˈkʌstəm/ n
zwyczaj obyczaj moda nawyk
frequent repetition of the same act
zwyczaj obyczaj tradycja
long-established practice

custom house n
urząd celny
official building, in a port, where customs are collected and shipping is cleared for entry and exit

customer /ˈkʌstəmə/ /ˈkʌstəmɚ/ n
klient klientka
one who purchases or receives a product or service

customer base n
baza klientów
group of customers that a business serves

customer service n
obsługa klienta
department
obsługa klientów
act of providing services

customer support n
obsługa klienta
provision of service

customize /ˈkʌst.ə.maɪ̯z/ v
dostosowywać personalizować
alter according to preferences

customs /ˈkʌs.təmz/ n
cło opłata celna
the duties or taxes imposed on imported or exported goods
odprawa celna
customs checks at a border checkpoint

customs officer n
celnik celniczka
officer

customs union n
unia celna
a type of trade bloc which is composed of a free trade area with a common external tariff

custos n
kustosz
superior of a custody

cut /kʌt/ n
krojenie
act of cutting
krój
manner or style a garment is fashioned in
rozcięcie skaleczenie
opening resulting from cutting

cut /kʌt/ v
ciąć
to perform an incision
computing: to remove and place in memory
to cease recording
kroić ciąć
to divide with a sharp instrument
przekładać przełożyć
to divide a pack of playing cards
rozciąć
to intersect dividing into half

cut corners v
iść na skróty
do a less-than-thorough or incomplete job

cut from the same cloth adj
ulepiony z tej samej gliny
very similar

cut in v
odbijać odbić
to replace somebody's dancing partner
wcinać się wciąć się
to join a queue in the middle

cut off v
odcinać odciąć
to isolate or remove from contact
to remove via cutting
przerwać przerywać
to interrupt someone talking
rozłączać rozłączyć
to end abruptly

cut off one's nose to spite one's face /kˈʌt ˈɒf wˈɒnz nˈə͡ʊz tˈuː spˈa͡ɪt wˈɒnz fˈe͡ɪs/ /kˈʌt ˈɔf wˈʌnz nˈo͡ʊz tˈuː spˈa͡ɪt wˈʌnz fˈe͡ɪs/ v
na złość babci odmrozić sobie uszy
harm oneself as a result of trying to harm an adversary

cut out the middleman v
eliminować pośrednika omijać pośrednika ominąć pośrednika wyeliminować pośrednika

cut the umbilical cord v
odcinać pępowinę odciąć pępowinę przecinać pępowinę przeciąć pępowinę zerwać pępowinę zrywać pępowinę

cut to the chase v
przejść do rzeczy
to get to the point

cut-out /ˈkʌt.aʊt/ /ˈkʌɾ-/ n
wycięcie
space or hole produced by cutting

cutaneous /kjuːˈteɪniəs/ adj
skórny
of, or relating to the skin

cute /kjuːt/ adj
cwany sprytny
dated: mentally keen or discerning; clever, shrewd
słodki uroczy
having features mainly attributed to infants and small or cuddly animals
urzekający
attractive or pleasing in a youthful, dainty, quaint or fun-spirited way

cuticle /ˈkjuːtɪkəl/ n
kutykula oskórek
protective covering outside epidermis

cutie /ˈkjuːti/ n
słodziak
a cute person or animal

cutie pie /ˈkjuːti ˌpaɪ/ n
słodziak
a cute person

cutlass /ˈkʌtləs/ n
kord
a short sword with a curved blade

cutler n
nożowniczka nożownik
One whose business is making or dealing in cutlery

cutlery /ˈkʊt.lə.ɹi/ /ˈkʌt.lə.ɹi/ n
sztućce
eating and serving utensils

cutlet n
kotlet sznycel bitka
slice of meat

cutpurse /ˌkʌtˈpɜːs/ /ˌkʌtˈpɝs/ n
kieszonkowiec doliniarz rzezimieszek złodziej kieszonkowy
a thief who steals from others' purses

cutthroat /ˈkʌtθɹoʊt/ n
bandyta rzezimieszek zbir
unscrupulous, ruthless or unethical person
nożownik rzezimieszek
murderer

cutting /ˈkʌtɪŋ/ adj
uszczypliwy
(potentially) hurtful

cutting /ˈkʌtɪŋ/ n
cięcie przecięcie
action of the verb to cut
montaż
editing of film or other recordings
odnóżka sadzonka
leaf, stem, branch, or root removed from a plant
wycinek
newspaper clipping

cuttlefish /-təɹ-/ /ˈkʌt(ə)lfɪʃ/ /ˈkʌtl̩fɪʃ/ [-ɾ(ə)l] n
mątwa sepia
any of various squidlike mollusks

cuttlefish bone /ˌkʌt(ə)lˌfɪʃ ˈboʊn/ /ˌkʌtl̩fɪʃ ˈbəʊn/ [-ɾ(ə)l-] n
kość mątwia
internal shell of a cuttlefish

cwm /kuːm/ /kʊm/ n
cyrk lodowcowy kar kocioł
valley head created through glacial erosion

cyan /saɪˈæn/ /ˈsaɪ.ən/ /ˈsaɪˌæn/ adj
turkusowy cyjanowy
of the colour cyan

cyan /saɪˈæn/ /ˈsaɪ.ən/ /ˈsaɪˌæn/ n
turkus cyjan
a colour between blue and green

cyanide /ˈsaɪənaɪd/ n
cyjanek
chemistry: any compound containing the CN group

cyanosis /ˌsaɪəˈnoʊsɪs/ n
sinica
discolouration of the skin

cyanotype /saɪˈænəʊˌtaɪp/ /saɪˈænəˌtaɪp/ n
cyjanotypia
photographic process

cyathium n
cyjacjum cyjatium

cyber- /ˈsaɪbə/ /ˈsaɪbɚ/ prefix
cyber-
relating to computers

cyberattack n
cyberatak
attack over a computer network

cyberbullying n
cyberprzemoc
bullying online

cybercriminal n
cyberprzestępca
perpetrator of cybercrime

cybernetic /ˌsaɪbə(ɹ)ˈnɛtɪk/ /ˌsaɪbɚˈnɛtɪk/ adj
cybernetyczny
relating to the mathematical study of control

cybernetics /ˌsaɪ.bə(ɹ)ˈnɛ.tɪks/ n
cybernetyka
science of communication and control

cyberpunk n
cyberpunk
sci-fi subgenre

cybersecurity /saɪbəsɪˈkjʊəɹɪtɪ/ n
cyberbezpieczeństwo
security against electronic attacks such as cyberwarfare

cybersex v
cyberseks
exchange explicit sexual experiences online

cyberspace /ˈsaɪ.bəɹˌspeɪs/ /ˈsaɪ.bəˌspeɪs/ n
cyberprzestrzeń
science fiction: three-dimensional representation of virtual space
world of information

cyborg /ˈsaɪ.boɹɡ/ /ˈsaɪ.bɔː(ɹ)ɡ/ [ˈsaɪ.bo̞ɹɡ] n
cyborg
person who is part machine

cyclamen n
cyklamen
A type of plant

cycle /ˈsaɪ.kəl/ /ˈsɑɪ.kəl/ [ˈsaɪ.kl̩] [ˈsɑɪ.kl̩] n
cykl
series of works of art
process that repeats itself
cykl obrót
complete rotation

cycle /ˈsaɪ.kəl/ /ˈsɑɪ.kəl/ [ˈsaɪ.kl̩] [ˈsɑɪ.kl̩] v
jechać na rowerze
to ride a cycle

cycle of fifths n
koło kwintowe
music theory: sequence of bass notes

cyclic /ˈsaɪ.klɪk/ /ˈsɑɪ.klɪk/ /ˈsɪk.lɪk/ adj
cykliczny
being generated by only one element
cykliczny okresowy
characterized by, or moving in cycles
pierścieniowy
of a compound having chains of atoms arranged in a ring

cyclic number n
liczba kolista
integer for which cyclic permutations of the digits are successive integer multiples of the number

cyclicality n
cykliczność
the condition of being cyclic

cycling /ˈsaɪk(ə)lɪŋ/ n
kolarstwo
The sport of riding and racing bicycles

cyclist /ˈsaɪ.klɪst/ n
rowerzysta rowerzystka cyklista kolarka kolarz cyklistka
person who rides a cycle

cycloid /ˈsaɪklɔɪd/ n
cykloida
geometry: locus of a point on the circumference of a rolling circle

cyclone /ˈsaɪ.kloʊn/ /ˈsaɪ.kləʊn/ n
cyklon
rotating system of winds

cyclopean /ˈsaɪkləʊpi.ən/ /ˌsaɪkləˈpiː.ən/ adj
olbrzymi
massive in stature

cyclopentane n
cyklopentan
alicyclic hydrocarbon, C₅H10

cyclops /ˈsaɪˌklɑps/ n
cyklop
giant of mythology

cyclotron /ˈsaɪklətɹɒn/ n
cyklotron
particle accelerator

cygnet /ˈsɪɡ.nɪt/ n
łabędziątko łabędzię
young of a swan

cylinder /ˈsɪləndɚ/ /ˈsɪlɪndə(ɹ)/ [ˈsɪlɪ̈ndɚ] n
butla cylinder
container
cylinder walec
any cylindrical object
walec cylinder
geometry: surface
geometry: solid
cavity or chamber
recording

cylindrical /sɪˈlɪndɹɪkəl/ adj
cylindryczny walcowaty
shaped like a cylinder

cymbal /ˈsɪmbəl/ [ˈsɪmbɫ̩] n
talerz czynel
concave plate of brass or bronze that produces a sharp, ringing sound when struck

cyme /saɪm/ n
wierzchotka
botany: a centrifugal or definite inflorescence, esp. compound inflorescences of this type forming a more or less flat head

cynic /ˈsɪnɪk/ adj
cyniczka cynik
A person who believes that all people are motivated by selfishness
A person whose outlook is scornfully negative

cynical /ˈsɪnɪkəl/ adj
cyniczny
of or relating to the belief that human actions are motivated by base desires or selfishness

cynically /ˈsɪn.ɪk.(ə.)li/ adv
cynicznie
in a cynical manner

cynicism /ˈsɪn.ɪˌsɪzəm/ n
cynizm
skeptical, scornful or pessimistic attitude

cynocephaly n
cynocefal
dog-headedness in human

cynology n
kynologia
study of dogs

cynophobia /ˌsaɪnəˈfoʊbi.ə/ /ˌsaɪnəˈfəʊbi.ə/ n
kynofobia
an irrational fear or hatred of dogs or other canines

cypress /ˈsaɪ.pɹəs/ n
cyprys
an evergreen coniferous tree

cyst /sɪst/ n
cysta torbiel
sac which develops in the natural cavities of an organ

cysteine /ˈsɪs.tɪ.iːn/ n
cysteina
nonessential amino acid

cystic fibrosis n
mukowiscydoza
medical condition

cysticercosis n
wągrzyca
parasitic infestation

cystine /ˈsɪs.tiːn/ n
cystyna
a nonessential amino acid

cystitis /sɪsˈtaɪtɪs/ n
zapalenie pęcherza moczowego
inflammation of the urinary bladder

cysto- prefix
cysto-
of or relating to the bladder

cystoscopy n
cystoskopia
endoscopy of the urinary bladder

cyto- prefix
cyto-
regarding cells

cytology /saɪˈtɑləd͡ʒi/ /saɪˈtɒləd͡ʒi/ n
cytologia
biology: the study of cells

cytoplasm /ˈsaɪtoʊˌplæzəm/ /ˈsaɪtəʊˌplæzəm/ n
cytoplazma
contents of a cell excluding the nucleus

cytoplasmic /saɪtə(ʊ)ˈplazmɪk/ adj
cytoplazmatyczny
of or pertaining to cytoplasm

cytoplast n
cytoplast
the intact cytoplasm of a cell from which the nucleus has been removed

cytosine /ˈsaɪtəsiːn/ n
cytozyna
heterocyclic base, 4-aminopyrimidin-2(1H)-one, which pairs with guanine in DNA and RNA

cytoskeleton n
cytoszkielet

cytosol n
cytozol
the solution of a cell's cytoplasm

d'oh /doʊ(ʔ)/ /dəʊ(ʔ)/ interjection
wrr
expression of frustration

d. adj
zm.
died

d10 n
k10

d12 n
k12

d20 /ˈdaɪˌtwɛnti/ /ˈdiːˌtwɛnti/ n
k20

d4 n
k4

d6 n
k6

d8 n
k8

dabble /ˈdæb(ə)l/ /ˈdæbəl/ v
babrać ubabrać zbabrać
to make slightly wet or soiled by spattering or sprinkling a liquid

dace /deɪs/ n
jelec
Leuciscus leuciscus

dacha /ˈdæt͡ʃə/ n
dacza
Russian villa or summer house

dachshund /ˈdæk.sənd/ /ˈdæksˌhʊnd/ /ˈdæʃ.h(a)ʊnd/ /ˈdæʃ.ənd/ /ˈdɑk.sənd/ /ˈdɑksˌhʊnt/ /ˈdɑːksˌhʊnd/ n
jamnik
breed of dog

dacite /ˈdeɪsaɪt/ n
dacyt
an igneous, volcanic rock with a high iron content

dactyl /ˈdæktɪɫ/ n
daktyl
poetical foot of three syllables

dactylic /dæk.ˈtɪ.lɪk/ adj
daktyliczny

dactylo- prefix
daktylo-

dactyloscopy /ˌdæktɪlˈɒskəpi/ n
daktyloskopia
forensic analysis of fingerprints

dad /dæd/ n
tata tatuś tato
informal: a father
tatuś tata tato
familiar address of one's own father

dad joke v
beton dowcipas suchar suchy żart słaby żart
unfunny joke

dadaism /ˈdɑːdɑːɪzəm/ n
dadaizm
cultural movement

daddy /ˈdædi/ n
tatuś
father

daddy long-legs spider n
nasosznik
spider of Pholcidae

daddy longlegs /ˈdædɪ ˈlɒŋ(ɡ)lɛɡz/ n
kosarz
harvestman

daffodil /ˈdæfəˌdɪl/ n
żonkil
flower

daft /dæft/ /dɑːft/ adj
zwariowany
crazy, insane

dagesh n
dagesz
the Hebrew symbol

dagger /ˈdæɡ.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈdæɡ.ɚ/ n
sztylet kindżał
a stabbing weapon

daguerreotype /dəˈɡɛɚ.(i.)oʊˌtaɪp/ /dəˈɡɛɚ.(i.)əˌtaɪp/ /dəˈɡɛɹ.(ɪ.)əʊˌtaɪp/ n
dagerotyp
type of photograph

daguerreotype /dəˈɡɛɚ.(i.)oʊˌtaɪp/ /dəˈɡɛɚ.(i.)əˌtaɪp/ /dəˈɡɛɹ.(ɪ.)əʊˌtaɪp/ v
dagerotypować
make a photograph

daguerreotypy n
dagerotypia
art or technique

dahlia /ˈdeɪlɪə/ /ˈdɑːlɪə/ n
dalia georginia
any plant of the genus Dahlia

daikon /ˈdaɪkɒn/ n
daikon rzodkiew japońska
large white radish

daily /ˈdeɪli/ adj
codzienny
that occurs every day

daily /ˈdeɪli/ adv
codziennie dziennie co dnia co dzień każdego dnia
every day

daily /ˈdeɪli/ n
dziennik
newspaper

daily bread /ˈdeɪli ˌbɹɛd/ n
chleb powszedni
things needed to sustain physical life

daintily /ˈdeɪntɪli/ adv
arcydelikatnie

dainty /ˈdeɪnti/ adj
arcydelikatny
delicately small and pretty

dairy /ˈdɛə.ɹi/ /ˈdɛɚ.i/ /ˈdɛɹ.i/ adj
mleczny
referring to products produced from milk

dairy /ˈdɛə.ɹi/ /ˈdɛɚ.i/ /ˈdɛɹ.i/ n
mleczarnia
place, where milk is processed
nabiał
products produced from milk

dairy product n
nabiał produkt mleczny
foodstuff made from milk

dais /-əs/ /ˈdaɪ-/ /ˈdeɪ.əs/ /ˈdeɪ.ɪs/ n
podest podium podwyższenie
raised platform

daisy /ˈdeɪ.zi/ n
stokrotka
Bellis perennis

dal /dɑːl/ n
dal
a dried husked pulse
dish

dale /deɪl/ n
dolina
valley

dalliance /ˈdalɪəns/ /ˈdæli.əns/ n
flirt zaloty
playful flirtation

dally /ˈdæli/ v
bałamucić zbałamucić
to waste time

dam /dæm/ n
zapora tama
structure placed across a flowing body of water

damage /ˈdæmɪd͡ʒ/ n
szkoda uszkodzenie
abstract measure of something not being intact; harm

damage /ˈdæmɪd͡ʒ/ v
psuć uszkadzać
to make something less intact or even destroy it; to harm or cause destruction

damaged /ˈdæmɪd͡ʒd/ adj
uszkodzony
suffered a damage

damageless adj
bezszkodowy

damages /ˈdæmɪd͡ʒɪz/ n
odszkodowanie
money awarded to a claimant

damask /ˈdæm.əsk/ n
adamaszek
fabric

dame /deɪm/ n
białogłowa dama facetka kobiałka kobieta niewiasta
(US, dated, informal, slightly derogatory) a woman

dammit /ˈdæmət/ /ˈdæmɪt/ interjection
cholera kurde kuźwa w mordę jeża
expression of anger or disappointment

damn /dæm/ [deəm] [dɛəm] [dɛːm] adj
cholerny przeklęty
generic intensifier

damn /dæm/ [deəm] [dɛəm] [dɛːm] adv
cholernie
awfully, extremely

damn /dæm/ [deəm] [dɛəm] [dɛːm] interjection
cholera do diabła do licha do pioruna holender kurde
non-vulgar expression of contempt etc.

damn /dæm/ [deəm] [dɛəm] [dɛːm] v
przeklinać przekląć
theology: to condemn to hell

damnation /dæmˈneɪʃən/ n
potępienie
The state of being damned; condemnation; openly expressed disapprobation

damned /dæmd/ adj
przeklęty
god-forsaken

damned if one does and damned if one doesn't adj
i tak źle, i tak niedobrze
dilemma with bad outcomes

damning /ˈdæmɪŋ/ adj
obciążający
condemning

damp /dæmp/ adj
wilgotny
Being in a state between dry and wet

damp squib n
niewypał
anything that doesn’t work properly

damsel /ˈdæm.zəl/ [ˈdɛəm.zɫ̩] [ˈdɛːm.zɫ̩] n
dziewica
girl, maiden (without sexual experience)
młoda dama
young woman of noble birth

damsel in distress /ˈdæm.zəl ɪn dɪˈstɹɛs/ n
dama w opałach
young woman perceived as being in a dangerous situation.

damselfly /ˈdæmzəlflaɪ/ n
łątka
insect

damson /ˈdæmzən/ n
lubaszka
fruit
tree

dance /dæns/ /dɑːns/ [dans] [deəns] [däns] [däːns] [dæns] [dæːns] [dɐːns] [dɑːns] [dɛəns] [ɖɑːns] n
taniec pląs
movements to music

dance /dæns/ /dɑːns/ [dans] [deəns] [däns] [däːns] [dæns] [dæːns] [dɐːns] [dɑːns] [dɛəns] [ɖɑːns] v
tańczyć pląsać tańcować
move rhythmically to music

dance card /ˈdæns ˌkɑɹd/ /ˈdɑːns kɑːd/ n
karnet
card on which a woman listed those she had agreed to dance with

dance floor n
parkiet parkiet taneczny
an area for dancing

danceable adj
taneczny
suitable for dancing

dancehall n
dansing
public hall for dancing

dancer /ˈdæns.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈdæns.ɚ/ /ˈdɑːns.ə(ɹ)/ n
tancerka
a female person who dances
tancerz tancerka
person who dances

dandelion /ˈdæn.dəˌlaɪ.ən/ /ˈdæn.dɪˌlaɪ.ən/ adj
żółty
of a yellow colour

dandelion /ˈdæn.dəˌlaɪ.ən/ /ˈdæn.dɪˌlaɪ.ən/ n
dmuchawiec mlecz podbiał
plant, wild flower of the genus Taraxacum

dander /ˈdændə(ɹ)/ n
łupież
dead skin shed by animals

dandle /ˈdændəl/ [ˈdændəɫ] v
niańczyć
to treat with fondness, as if a child

dandruff /ˈdændɹʊf/ /ˈdændɹʌf/ n
łupież
skin flakes

dandy /ˈdæn.di/ adj
dandysowaty
like a dandy

dandy /ˈdæn.di/ n
dandys laluś modniś dandy goguś
man very concerned about his clothes and his appearance

danger /ˈdeɪn.d͡ʒə(ɹ)/ /ˈdeɪn.d͡ʒɚ/ n
niebezpieczeństwo
exposure to likely harm
zagrożenie
instance or cause of likely harm

dangerless adj
bezpieczny

dangerous /ˈdeɪnd͡ʒ(ə)ɹəs/ /ˈdeɪnd͡ʒɚs/ /ˈdeɪnd͡ʒɚəs/ /ˈdeɪnʒ(ə)ɹəs/ /ˈdeɪnʒɹəs/ adj
groźny
causing danger, ready to do harm or injury
niebezpieczny groźny
full of danger

dank /deɪŋk/ /dæŋk/ adj
mocny
highly potent
wilgotny zawilgocony
dark, damp and humid

danse macabre /dɑns məˈkɑb(ɹə)/ n
taniec śmierci
a conventional subject of artistic painting or drawing

daphne n
wawrzynek
shrub in the genus Daphne

daphnia /ˈdæfnɪə/ n
dafnia rozwielitka
water flea of the genus Daphnia

dapper /ˈdæpə(ɹ)/ adj
elegancki szykowny
stylishly or neatly dressed

dappled [ˈdæpəɫd] adj
cętkowany nakrapiany
having a mottled or spotted skin or coat

dare /dɛ(ə)ɹ/ /dɛə(ɹ)/ v
ośmielać się ośmielić się
to brave or face up to
wyzwać wyzywać
to defy or challenge
śmieć odważyć się
to have courage

daredevil /ˈdɛədɛvəl/ [ˈdɛədɛvəɫ] n
szaleniec
person who engages in risky behavior

daring /ˈdɛəɹɪŋ/ /ˈdɛɹɪŋ/ adj
śmiały
courageous
willing to take on risks

dark /dɑɹk/ /dɑːk/ adj
ciemny
having an absolute or relative lack of light
not bright or light, deeper in hue
mroczny ciemny
hidden, secret

dark /dɑɹk/ /dɑːk/ n
ciemność
a complete or partial absence of light
mroki
ignorance
zmrok
nightfall

dark blue n
ciemnoniebieski
a deep, dim blue colour: navy or similar

dark chocolate n
czekolada gorzka
type of chocolate

dark crimson underwing n
wstęgówka karmazynka
Catocala sponsa

dark energy n
ciemna energia
hypothetical form of energy which, it is supposed, is spread uniformly throughout space and time and has anti-gravitational properties

dark horse n
cicha woda czarny koń
possessor of unexpected talents or favorable characteristics
czarny koń
unexpectedly nominated candidate

dark matter n
ciemna materia
particles of matter that cannot be detected by their radiation

dark red adj
ciemnoczerwony
dark red - translation entry

dark side of the Force n
ciemna strona mocy

dark tourism n
mroczna turystyka

dark-eyed junco n
junko zwyczajny
Junco hyemalis

dark-skinned adj
ciemnoskóry
having dark skin

darken /ˈdɑɹkən/ /ˈdɑːkən/ v
zaciemniać
to make dark by reducing light

darkly /ˈdɑɹkli/ /ˈdɑːkli/ adv
ciemno mrocznie
with a dark appearance

darkness /ˈdɑɹknɪs/ /ˈdɑːknəs/ n
ciemność mrok
state of being dark

darkroom n
ciemnia
dark room where photographs are developed
darkroom
darkened room for sexual activities

darkside /ˈdɑɹkˌsaɪd/ /ˈdɑːk.saɪd/ n
ciemna strona
side of something that is in darkness or unlit, or has less illumination
side of something that is metaphorically dark; negative aspect of something

darling /ˈdɑɹlɪŋ/ /ˈdɑːlɪŋ/ adj
czarująca czarujący
charming

darling /ˈdɑɹlɪŋ/ /ˈdɑːlɪŋ/ n
droga drogi kochana kochanie kochany
person who is dear to one

darmstadtium /dɑːɹmˈʃtɑːtiəm/ n
darmsztadt darmstadt
transuranic chemical element with atomic number 110

darn /daːn/ /dɑɹn/ /dɑːn/ v
cerować zacerować
stitch with thread

darnel /ˈdɑːnəɫ/ n
życica roczna
type of ryegrass found in wheatfields

dart /dɑɹt/ /dɑːt/ n
rzutki
game

darts /ˈdɑːts/ n
rzutki
game

dash /dæʃ/ n
kapka kropla
small quantity of liquid etc.
kreska
Morse code symbol
myślnik pauza półpauza
typographic symbol
sprint
short run

dash /dæʃ/ v
ciepnąć cisnąć śmignąć
to throw violently
lecieć spadać
informal: to leave

dashboard /ˈdæʃˌboəɹd/ /ˈdæʃˌbɔː(ɹ)d/ /ˈdæʃˌbɔːɹd/ n
deska rozdzielcza
panel under the windscreen of a motor car or aircraft

dashcam /ˈdæʃˌkæm/ n
kamera samochodowa
digital video recorder mounted on the dashboard of a vehicle or elsewhere inside the vehicle

dashi /ˈdæʃi/ /ˈdɑːʃi/ n
dashi
soup

dassie /ˈdæs.i/ /ˈdɑs.i/ n
góralek przylądkowy
rock hyrax

data /ˈdee̝tə/ /ˈdeɪ.tə/ /ˈdæt.ə/ /ˈdæɪtə/ /ˈdɐːtə/ /ˈdɑːtə/ [ˈdeɪ.ɾə] [ˈdäːɾə] [ˈdæɪɾə] [ˈdæɾ.ə] n
dane
information

data centre n
serwerownia

data processing n
przetwarzanie danych
operations on data

data structure n
struktura danych
organization of data

databank n
bank danych
organisation maintaining a database

database /ˈdeɪtəˌbeɪs/ /ˈdætəˌbeɪs/ /ˈdæːtəˌbeːs/ /ˈdɑːtəˌbeɪs/ n
baza danych bank danych
collection of information

database administrator n
administrator bazy danych
person

database management system n
system zarządzania bazą danych
suite of interrelated computer programs

datasource n
źródło danych

date /deɪt/ n
daktyl
fruit of the date palm
data
point of time at which a transaction or event takes place
that which specifies the time of writing, inscription etc.
point in time
osoba towarzysząca towarzysz towarzyszka
companion when one is partaking in a social occasion
randka
meeting with a lover or potential lover; a person so met
randka schadzka spotkanie
pre-arranged social meeting

date /deɪt/ v
chodzić spotykać się
to take (someone) on a series of dates
datować
to determine the age of something
starzeć się
to become old

date of birth n
data urodzenia
date and year when something was born

date palm n
daktylowiec palma daktylowa
Phoenix dactylifera

date rape drug n
pigułka gwałtu tabletka gwałtu
drug to assist rape

dative /ˈdeɪtɪv/ adj
celownikowy celownik
grammar: noting the case of noun which expresses indirect object

dative case n
celownik
case used to express direction towards an indirect object

datum /ˈdeɪtəm/ /ˈdætəm/ /ˈdɑːtəm/ n
dana
single piece of information

daub /dɑb/ /dɔb/ /dɔːb/ n
bohomaz
crude or amateurish painting

daub /dɑb/ /dɔb/ /dɔːb/ v
pomazać
to apply something in hasty or crude strokes

dauber /ˈdɔːbə(ɹ)/ n
bohomaz pacykarz
unskillful painter

daughter /ˈdoːtɐ/ /ˈdɑ.tɚ/ /ˈdɔ.tɚ/ /ˈdɔ.t̬ɚ/ /ˈdɔːtə(ɹ)/ [ˈdɑ.ɾɚ] [ˈdɔ.ɾɚ] n
córka
female offspring

daughter language n
język pochodzący z innego
language which genetically descends from earlier, parent language

daughter-in-law n
synowa snecha
wife of one's child

daughterly adj
córczyny
of or characteristic of daughters

dauntless /ˈdɔːntləs/ adj
nieustraszony
invulnerable to fear or intimidation

dauphin /doʊˈfæ̃/ /ˈdɔ.fən/ /ˈdɔ.fɪn/ /ˈdɔː.fɪn/ /ˈdəʊ.fæ̃/ n
delfin
eldest son of king of France

dauphine n
delfina

dawdle /ˈdɑd(ə)l/ /ˈdɔd(ə)l/ /ˈdɔːdl̩/ v
bałamucić marudzić zbałamucić zmudzić żmudzić
to spend time idly and unfruitfully
gmerać grzebać guzdrać ociągać
to spend (time) without haste or purpose

dawn /doːn/ /dɑn/ /dɔn/ /dɔːn/ n
świt brzask
morning twilight period
świt zaranie
beginning

dawn /doːn/ /dɑn/ /dɔn/ /dɔːn/ v
świtać
to begin to brighten with daylight

dawn of time n
zaranie dziejów

dawn redwood n
metasekwoja chińska
conifer

day /deɪ̯/ /dæɪ̯/ n
dzień doba
period from midnight to the following midnight
period of 24 hours
part of a day period which one spends at one's job, school, etc.
period between sunrise and sunset
rotational period of a planet

day after day adv
dzień w dzień dzień za dniem
For an indefinite number of days

day after tomorrow adv
pojutrze
on the day after tomorrow; in two days - translation entry

day after tomorrow n
pojutrze
day after tomorrow - translation entry

day and night adv
dzień i noc
all the time

day before yesterday adv
przedwczoraj onegdaj zawczoraj
on the day before yesterday - translation entry

day before yesterday n
przedwczoraj
day before yesterday - translation entry

day by day adv
z dnia na dzień
gradually

day in, day out adv
dzień po dniu
day in, day out

day off n
wolny dzień
a day of vacation etc.

day shift n
dniówka dzienna zmiana
A scheduled work during daylight hours

daybed /ˈdeɪˌbɛd/ n
wersalka
couch

daybreak /ˈdeɪbɹeɪk/ n
brzask świt
dawn

daycare /ˈdeɪkeə(ɹ)/ n
opieka dzienna
daytime supervision

daycare centre n
żłobek
building

daydream /ˈdeɪdɹiːm/ [ˈdeɪd͡ʒɹiːm] n
mara marzenie
a spontaneous and fanciful series of thoughts

daydream /ˈdeɪdɹiːm/ [ˈdeɪd͡ʒɹiːm] v
marzyć myśleć o niebieskich migdałach śnić na jawie
to have such a series of thoughts

daydreamer /ˈdeɪdɹimɚ/ /ˈdeɪdɹiːmə/ [ˈdeɪd͡ʒɹimɚ] n
marzyciel marzycielka
one who daydreams
one who wastes time daydreaming

daylight robbery /ˌdeɪlaɪt ˈɹɒb(ə)ɹi/ /ˌdeɪˌlaɪt ˈɹɑb(ə)ɹi/ n
rozbój w biały dzień
practice of cheating or of imposing an exorbitant charge for a product or service; an instance of this

daylight saving time n
czas letni
an adjustment of the official time during summer

daze /deɪz/ v
oszałamiać
to stun or stupefy

de Clérambault's syndrome n
erotomania
erotomania

de facto /dəˈfæktoʊ/ /dɪˈfæktəʊ/ /ˌdeɪˈfæktoʊ/ /ˌdeɪˈfæktəʊ/ /ˌdiˈfæktoʊ/ /ˌdiːˈfæktəʊ/ adj
de facto
in fact or in practice

de jure /deɪ ˈd͡ʒʊəɹeɪ/ /deɪ ˈd͡ʒʊəɹɪ/ /deɪ ˈd͡ʒʊɹi/ /diː ˈd͡ʒʊəɹi/ /dɪ ˈd͡ʒʊəɹi/ adj
de iure wedle prawa
by right

de- /diː/ /də/ /dɪ/ prefix
de- dez- od- roz-
reversal, undoing or removing

de-Americanization n
deamerykanizacja

de-escalation /diːˌɛskəˈleɪʃən/ n
deeskalacja
a decrease in scope, extension or severity

deacon /ˈdiːkən/ n
diakon
a designated minister of charity in the early Church
a clergyman ranked directly below a priest
lay leader of a Protestant congregation

deactivate /ˌdiːˈæktɪveɪt/ v
dezaktywować zdezaktywować
to make something inactive or no longer effective

deactivation /ˌdiːæktɪˈveɪʃən/ n
dezaktywacja
the act of deactivating something, such as a bomb or alarm

dead /diːd/ /dɛd/ adj
martwy zmarły nieżywy
no longer alive
nieruchomy zmartwiały
fully and completely motionless
rozładowany
of a device: completely inactive; without power

dead /diːd/ /dɛd/ n
zmarli
time when coldness, darkness, or stillness is most intense

dead as a doornail adj
zimny trup
unquestionably dead

dead duck n
skazany na porażkę
person or project that is in serious trouble or doomed to fail

dead end n
ślepa uliczka
position that offers no hope of progress
ślepy zaułek ślepa uliczka
street or path that goes nowhere

dead language n
język wymarły
language with no native speakers

dead man's switch n
czuwak
dead man's switch

dead meat n
zagrożony
someone in danger of being killed or severely punished

dead men tell no tales /dɛd mɛn tɛl nəʊ teɪlz/ proverb
martwi głosu nie mają
a dead person can no longer reveal information

dead of night n
środek nocy
middle of the night

dead or alive adj
żywy czy martwy
wanted poster term

dead weight n
balast
(figuratively) useless, usually encumbering factor

deadjectival adj
odprzymiotnikowy
deriving from an adjective

deadline /ˈdɛdˌlaɪn/ n
deadline
date on or before which something must be completed

deadly nightshade n
pokrzyk wilcza jagoda pokrzyk wilcza jagoda belladonna
deadly nightshade; Atropa belladonna

deadly sin n
grzech śmiertelny
any of the seven deadly sins

deadname n
deadname byłe imię dednejm
a previous name of a person

deadname v
dednejmować mówić po byłym imieniu
to refer to someone by their previous name

deadnettle /ˈdɛdnɛtəl/ n
jasnota
plant of the genus Lamium

deadweight loss n
zbędna strata społeczna

deaf /diːf/ /dɛf/ adj
głuchy
unable to hear
głusi
unable to hear, used as a substantive: deaf people considered as a group

deaf-mute adj
głuchoniemy
unable to hear or speak

deaf-mute n
głuchoniema głuchoniemy osoba głuchoniema
person who is unable to hear or speak

deafblind adj
głucho-niewidomy
unable to see and hear

deafen /ˈdɛfən/ v
ogłuszać ogłuszyć
to make deaf

deafening silence n
głucha cisza
noteworthy silence or absence or response signifying disapproval or lack of enthusiasm

deafness /ˈdɛfnəs/ n
głuchota
condition of being deaf

deal /diːl/ n
deal dil ugoda
transaction offered which is financially beneficial; a bargain
interes sprzedaż transakcja
instance of buying or selling
porozumienie umowa kontrakt układ
agreement, arrangement
rozdanie
distribution of cards

deal breaker n
problem
an issue which causes a relationship (especially in business) to fail

deal with v
poradzić sobie radzić sobie
come to terms with successfully
rozpatrywać rozpatrzyć rozważać rozważyć
consider, as of an example
załatwiać załatwić
take action with respect to (someone or something)

dealer /ˈdiːlə(ɹ)/ n
dealer dealerka diler dilerka
one who deals in things, e.g. automobiles
rozdająca rozdający
the person who deals the cards in a card game

dealership /ˈdiːləʃɪp/ n
autogiełda
a place that sells items, especially cars

dean /diːn/ [diːn] [dĩːn] n
dziekan
senior official in college or university
church dignitary
senior member of a group

dear /diːɹ/ /dɪə/ /dɪɹ/ adj
drogi
a formal way to start (often after my) addressing somebody one likes or regards kindly
precious to or greatly valued by someone
drogi kochany luby
loved; lovable
drogi szanowny
formal way of addressing

dear diary phraseologicalUnit
drogi pamiętniczku drogi pamiętniku
traditional first line in a diary entry

dearth /dɜːθ/ /dɝθ/ n
brak
scarcity
głód niedostatek
period when food is rare

death /diːθ/ /dɛθ/ n
śmierć
Tarot
śmierć kostucha
personification of death
śmierć zgon
cessation of life

death by misadventure n
śmierć na skutek nieszczęśliwego wypadku

death camp n
obóz śmierci obóz zagłady
facility

death certificate n
akt zgonu
document

death erection n
erekcja pośmiertna
post-mortem priapism

death march n
marsz śmierci
forced movement of people in such circumstances that many die during the journey

death mask n
maska pośmiertna
plaster or similar cast

death penalty n
kara śmierci
state punishment of death

death rattle n
rzężenie
Gurgling sound sometimes made by a dying person

death row n
cela śmierci
section of a prison which houses those inmates who are sentenced to death

death sentence n
wyrok śmierci
sentence

death squad n
szwadron śmierci
armed group

death threat n
groźba śmierci
death threat

death warrant n
kara śmierci
warrant that authorizes capital punishment

death zone n
strefa śmierci
zone

deathbed /ˈdɛθˌbɛd/ n
łoże śmierci
the bed on which someone dies

deathblow /ˈdɛθbləʊ/ n
śmiertelny cios
strike or blow

deathly /ˈdɛθli/ adj
zabójczy śmiercionośny śmiertelny
fatal, causing death

deathmatch /ˈdɛθ.mæt͡ʃ/ n
deathmatch
competitive mode

debacle /deɪˈbɑ.kəl/ /deɪˈbɑː.kəl/ /dəˈbɑ.kəl/ /dɛˈbɑː.kəl/ /dɪˈbɑ.kəl/ n
obsuwa wtopa
event or enterprise that ends suddenly and disastrously

debatable [dɪˈbeɪtəbəɫ] adj
sporny
controversial

debate /di-/ /də-/ /dɪˈbeɪt/ n
debata
argument, or discussion, usually in an ordered or formal setting
discussion of opposing views
informal and spirited but generally civil discussion of opposing views

debater /dɪˈbeɪtə(ɹ)/ n
dyskutant dyskutantka
one who debates or participates in a debate; one who argues.

debauched /dɪˈbɔːtʃt/ adj
degenerat
corrupted, immoral

debauchery /dɪˈbɔː.t͡ʃə.ɹi/ n
rozpusta
debauchery

debit /ˈdɛb.ɪt/ n
debet
in bookkeeping, an entry in the left hand column of an account
sum of money taken out of a bank account

debit card n
karta debetowa
card taking money directly from the bank account

debit note n
nota debetowa
commercial document

debris /dəˈbɹiː/ /ˈdeɪbɹi/ /ˈdɛbɹi/ n
gruz gruzy
rubble, wreckage, scattered remains of something destroyed
morena
large rock fragments left by a melting glacier etc.
pozostałości resztki
litter and discarded refuse
ruiny
ruins of a broken-down structure

debris field n
rumowisko
area, non-dependent of locale, space, or contour, that contains the debris of wreckage, impact, sinking, or other material

debt /dɛt/ n
dług
money that one person or entity owes or is required to pay to another
dług wdzięczność zobowiązanie
action, state of mind, or object one has an obligation to perform for another
zadłużenie dług
state or condition of owing something to another

debt collection n
inkaso windykacja
the process of pursuing payments of debts owed by individuals or businesses

debt-free adj
bez długu bezdłużny
free of debt

debtor /ˈdet.ə/ /ˈdɛt.ə/ /ˈdɛt.ɚ/ n
dłużnik dłużniczka
a person or firm that owes money

debtors' prison n
więzienie dla dłużników

debug /diːˈbʌɡ/ /ˈdiː.bʌɡ/ v
odpluskwianie
to remove insects
odpluskwiać
to search for malfunctioning elements

debugger /diˈbʌɡəɹ/ /diːˈbʊɡə/ /diːˈbʌɡə/ n
debugger odpluskwiacz
computer program

debugging /diːˈbʌɡɪŋ/ n
debugowanie odpluskwianie
the process of finding and resolving bugs or defects that prevent correct operation of computer software or a system

debunk /diːˈbʊŋk/ /diːˈbʌŋk/ /dɪˈbʌŋk/ /ˌdiːˈbʌŋk/ v
obalić
to discredit or expose the falsehood of something

debut /deɪˈbjuː/ /dəˈbjuː/ /dəˈbʉː/ /dɛˈbuː/ /ˈdeɪbjuː/ /ˈdæɪbjʉː/ /ˈdæɪbʉː/ /ˈdɛbjuː/ n
debiut
a performer's first-time performance to the public

debut /deɪˈbjuː/ /dəˈbjuː/ /dəˈbʉː/ /dɛˈbuː/ /ˈdeɪbjuː/ /ˈdæɪbjʉː/ /ˈdæɪbʉː/ /ˈdɛbjuː/ v
debiutować zadebiutować
to make one's initial formal appearance

debutant /ˈdeɪbjuːtənt/ /ˈdɛbjuːtənt/ n
debiutant
debuting male

debutante /ˌdeɪbjuːˈtɑːnt/ /ˌdɛbjuːˈtɑːnt/ n
debiutantka
female debutant

deca- /dɛkə-/ prefix
deka-
ten
used to multiply the unit it is attached to by 10

decade /dəˈkeɪd/ /ˈdɛkeɪd/ /ˈdɛkəd/ n
dziesiątka
series of ten things
series of prayers counted on a rosary
dziesięciolecie dekada
period of ten years

decadent /ˈdɛkədənt/ adj
dekadencki
characterized by moral or cultural decline

decadentism n
dekadentyzm
decadentism

decagon /ˈdɛ.kə.ɡɑn/ /ˈdɛ.kə.ɡən/ n
dziesięciokąt
polygon with ten sides

decagonal [dɪˈkæɡənəɫ] adj
dziesięciokątny
shaped like a decagon

decagram /ˈdɛkəɡɹæm/ n
dekagram
ten grams
gwiazda z dziesięcioma końcami
ten-pointed star

decahedron /ˌdɛkəˈhiːdɹən/ n
dziesięciościan
polyhedron with ten faces

decalin n
dekalina
decahydronaphthalene

decalingual adj
dziesięciojęzyczny

decalogy /dɪˈkælədʒi/ n
zbiór dziesięciu dzieł
A set of ten works of art that are connected

decametre /ˈdɛkəmiːtə(ɹ)/ n
dekametr
the length of 10 metres

decamp /diːˈkæmp/ v
zwiać zwiewać
break up camp and move on

decane n
dekan
decane

decapitation /diˌkæp.ɪˈteɪ.ʃən/ /dɪˌkæp.ɪˈteɪ.ʃən/ /ˈdi.kæp.əˌteɪ.ʃən/ /ˈdi.kæp.əˌteɪ.ʃɪn/ n
dekapitacja
beheading

decapod /ˈdɛkəpɒd/ n
dziesięcionóg
crustacean

decasyllabic /dɛkəsɪˈlæbɪk/ adj
dziesięciozgłoskowy
having ten syllables

decathlon /diːˈkæθlɒn/ /dɪˈkæθlɒn/ n
dziesięciobój
athletic contest

decay /di.ˈkeɪ/ /dɪˈkeɪ/ n
degradacja rozkład
deterioration of condition
rozkład
process or result of being gradually decomposed

deceased /diˈsist/ /diˈsizd/ /dɪˈsist/ /dɪˈsizd/ /dɪˈsiːst/ /dɪˈzizd/ adj
zmarły martwy nieżywy
no longer alive

deceased /diˈsist/ /diˈsizd/ /dɪˈsist/ /dɪˈsizd/ /dɪˈsiːst/ /dɪˈzizd/ n
nieboszczyk zmarły martwy nieboszczka
dead person
zmarli
plural: dead people

deceit /dɪˈsiːt/ n
oszustwo podstęp
act or behavior intended to deceive

deceivable /dɪˈsiːvəbl̩/ adj
łatwowierny
able to be deceived

deceive /dɪˈsiːv/ v
oszukiwać oszukać
trick or mislead

deceleration /diːsɛləˈɹeɪʃən/ /dɪˌsɛləˈɹeɪʃən/ n
zwalnianie
the act or process of decelerating

decemvirate n
decemwirat

decent /ˈdiːsənt/ adj
niezły
fair; good enough; okay
przyzwoity
showing integrity, fairness, moral uprightness
sufficiently clothed

deception /dɪˈsɛpʃən/ n
oszustwo bałamuctwo
instance of actions fabricated to mislead

deci- /ˈdɛsɪ/ prefix
decy-
one tenth (1/10)

decibel /ˈdɛsɪbəl/ /ˈdɛsɪbɛl/ n
decybel
a common measure of sound intensity

decide /dɪˈsaɪd/ v
decydować zdecydować postanowić
to resolve or settle
zdecydować
give judgement

decidedly /dɪˈsaɪdɪdli/ adv
zdecydowanie
in a decided manner
in a manner which leaves no question

deciduous /dɪˈsɪd͡ʒ.u.əs/ /dɪˈsɪd͡ʒ.ʊ.əs/ adj
liściasty
of or pertaining to trees which lose their leaves in winter or the dry season
ulotny przejściowy przemijający
transitory, ephemeral, not lasting

decilitre /ˈdɛsɪliːtə(ɹ)/ n
decylitr
unit of volume

decillion /dəˈsɪl.i.ən/ numeral
decylion
1033
1060

decimal /ˈdɛs.məl/ /ˈdɛs.ə.məl/ /ˈdɛs.ɪ.məl/ /ˈdɛs.ɪ.məɫ/ adj
dziesiątkowy dziesiętny
concerning numbers expressed in decimal or calculations using decimal

decimal /ˈdɛs.məl/ /ˈdɛs.ə.məl/ /ˈdɛs.ɪ.məl/ /ˈdɛs.ɪ.məɫ/ n
system dziesiątkowy system dziesiętny
number system

decimal place n
cyfra rozwinięcia dziesiętnego
position of digit to the right of the decimal point

decimetre /ˈdɛsɪmiːtəɹ/ n
decymetr
one-tenth of a metre

decipher /dɪˈsaɪfə(ɹ)/ v
rozszyfrować rozszyfrowywać
to decode or decrypt a code or cipher
to read illegible or obscure text

decisecond /ˈdɛsɪˌsɛkənd/ n
decysekunda
a unit of time equal to 10−1 seconds

decision /dɪˈsɪʃən/ /dɪˈsɪʒən/ n
decyzja postanowienie
choice or judgement
zdecydowanie
firmness of conviction

decision tree n
drzewo decyzyjne
visualization of decision making

decisional [dɪˈsɪʒənəɫ] adj
decyzyjny
of or pertaining to decisions

decisionless adj
bez decyzji

decisive /dɪˈsaɪsɪv/ adj
decydujący przesądzający rozsądzający
having the power or quality of deciding a question or controversy
stanowczy bezapelacyjny zdecydowany
marked by promptness and decision

decisively /dɪˈsaɪsɪvli/ adv
bezapelacyjnie
in a decisive manner

deck /dɛk/ n
pokład
floorlike covering on a ship
talia
pack of playing cards

deck chair n
leżak
a folding chair with a wooden frame

deckhand n
majtek marynarz pokładowy
a member of the crew

deckhouse n
nadbudówka pokładówka
cabin on the deck of a boat

deckless adj
bezpokładowy

declaim /dɪˈkleɪm/ v
deklamować zadeklamować
to recite in theatrical way

declaration /ˌdɛkləˈɹeɪʃən/ n
deklaracja
list of items for various legal purposes
deklaracja oświadczenie
written or oral indication of a fact, opinion, or belief
deklaracja zaświadczenie
act or process of declaring

declaration of war n
wypowiedzenie wojny
a formal announcement by an entity that it is in a state of war with another entity

declaration of will n
oświadczenie woli
manifestation of intent aimed at creating a legal effect

declarative /dɪˈklæɹətɪv/ adj
deklaratywny
serving to declare

declare /dəˈklɛɚ/ /dɪˈklɛə/ /dɪˈklɛɚ/ v
deklarować zadeklarować
to announce something formally or officially
to make a declaration

declare war v
wypowiadać wojnę wypowiedzieć wojnę
announce one's intention to fiercely combat or eradicate something
initiate a state of war

declassify /diːˈklæsɪfaɪ/ v
odtajniać odtajnić
remove the classification from; lift the restrictions on

declension /dɪˈklɛn.ʃən/ n
deklinacja odmiana (przez przypadki)
way of categorizing
deklinacja odmiana przez przypadki
act

declensional /dɪˈklɛnʃənəɫ/ adj
deklinacyjny odmienialny
pertaining to declension

declinable /dɪˈklaɪnəbəɫ/ adj
odmienny
capable of being declined

declination /ˌdɛklɪˈneɪʃən/ n
odmowa

decline /dɪˈklaɪn/ v
deklinować odmieniać (przez przypadki)
inflect

decoction /dɪˈkɒkʃən/ n
odwar wywar
an extraction or essence

decoder /dɪˈkəʊdə(ɹ)/ n
dekoder deszyfrator
A device that decodes a scrambled electronic signal e.g. of a satellite television signal

decolonization /diːˌkɒl.ə.naɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/ n
dekolonizacja
freeing of a colony from dependent status

decommunization n
dekomunizacja
act, process, or result of decommunizing

decommunize v
dekomunizować
To divest of communism

decomposability /diːkəmˌpəʊzəˈbɪlɪti/ n
rozkładalność
condition

decomposable [diːkəmˈpəʊzəbəɫ] adj
rozkładalny

decompose /ˌdiːkəmˈpəʊz/ v
rozkładać się rozpadać się rozłożyć się
to decay
rozkładać rozłożyć
to separate

decomposition /diːˌkɒmpəˈzɪʃən/ n
rozkład gnicie rozpad
biological process

decontamination /diːkənˌtæmɪˈneɪʃən/ n
dekontaminacja odkażanie
process of removing contamination

decor /deɪˈkoɹ/ /dɪˈkoɹ/ /ˈdeɪkoɹ/ /ˈdeɪkɔː(ɹ)/ /ˈdæekoː/ /ˈdɛkoɹ/ n
wystrój
decoration

decorate /ˈdɛkəɹeɪt/ v
dekorować zdobić
to furnish with decorations

decoration /ˌdɛkəˈɹeɪʃən/ n
dekoracja
any mark of honor to be worn upon the person
dekoracja ozdoba
that which adorns
act of adorning

decorative /ˈdek.ə.ɹə.tɪv/ /ˈdɛk.ə.ɹə.tɪv/ /ˈdɛk.ɹə.tɪv/ [ˈdɛk.ə.ɹə.ɾɪv] [ˈdɛk.ɹə.ɾɪv] adj
dekoracyjny ozdobny dekoratywny
that serves to decorate

decorum /dɪˈkɔːɹəm/ n
decorum dekorum
appropriate social behavior; propriety

decoy /ˈdiːkɔɪ/ n
przynęta
person or object meant to lure something to danger

decrease /dɪˈkɹiːs/ /ˈdiːkɹiːs/ n
spadek ubytek
amount by which a quantity decreases or is decreased

decree /dɪˈkɹiː/ n
dekret
edict or law

decrementation /ˌdɛkɹəmənˈteɪʃən/ n
dekrementacja

decretal /dɪˈkɹiːtəɫ/ n
dekret
papal decree

decriminalization /diːˌkɹɪmɪnəlaɪzˈeɪʃən/ n
dekryminalizacja
making something no longer illegal

decrypt /diːˈkɹɪpt/ /dɪˈkɹɪpt/ /ˈdiːkɹɪpt/ v
deszyfrować odszyfrować
to convert back to plain text

decuplet n
dziesięcioraczek
one of ten babies born at the same birth

dedicate /ˈdɛdɪˌkeɪt/ /ˈdɛdɪˌkɪt/ v
dedcykować
to set apart for a special use
dedykować zadedykować
to address or inscribe (a literary work, for example) to another as a mark of respect or affection

dedication /ˌdɛdɪˈkeɪʃən/ n
dedykacja poświęcenie
note prefixed to a work of art

dedovshchina /-dəf-/ /dɪdəvˈʃːinə/ n
diedowszczyna fala
bullying in the Soviet/Russian army

deduce /-ˈdjus/ /də-/ /dɪˈdjuːs/ /dɪˈdus/ /dɪˈdʒuːs/ v
wnioskować wywnioskować
to reach (a conclusion) by applying rules of logic or other forms of reasoning

deduction /diˈdʌkʃən/ /dɪˈdʊkʃən/ /dɪˈdʌkʃən/ n
dedukcja
process of reasoning
odliczenie
sum withheld from pay for the purpose of paying tax

deductive /dɪˈdʊktɪv/ /dɪˈdʌktɪv/ adj
dedukcyjny
of, pertaining to, or based on deduction

deed /diːd/ n
wyczyn
brave or noteworthy action, feat or exploit

deem /dim/ /diːm/ v
uznawać
to have or hold as an opinion
uznać
to hold in belief or estimation

deep /diːp/ adj
głęboki
having its bottom far down
difficult to awake from
profound
of a color, dark and highly saturated
a long way inward
in extent in a direction away from the observer
voluminous
in a number of rows or layers
głęboki niski
of a sound or voice, low in pitch
pochłonięty zaabsorbowany

deep /diːp/ adv
głęboko
deeply

deep /diːp/ n
głębia
(literary) part of a lake, sea, etc
głębiny
the sea, the ocean

deep down adv
w głębi duszy
Fundamentally, in essence

deep fryer n
frytkownica
vessel for deep frying

deep learning n
deep learning głębokie uczenie uczenie maszynowe
form of machine learning

deep sleep n
twardy sen
medicine: state of sleep

deep-rooted adj
głęboko zakorzeniony
firmly established
having deep roots

deepen /ˈdiːpən/ v
pogłębiać pogłębić
to make deep or deeper

deeply /ˈdiːpli/ adv
głęboko
profoundly
at depth

deepthroating n
uprawienie głębokiego gardła
the act of deepthroat

deer /diːɹ/ /dɪə/ /dɪɹ/ n
jeleń
animal of the family Cervidae

defamation /ˌdɛfəˈmeɪʃən/ n
oszczerstwo zniesławienie
act of injuring another's reputation by any slanderous communication

defamatory /dɪˈfæmətɔɹi/ /dɪˈfæmətɹi/ adj
oszczerczy szkalujący
damaging to someone's reputation

default /dɪˈfɑlt/ /dɪˈfɔlt/ /dɪˈfɔːlt/ /ˈdiːˌfɑlt/ /ˈdiːˌfɔlt/ /ˈdiːˌfɔːlt/ n
wartość domyślna
value used when none has been given

default /dɪˈfɑlt/ /dɪˈfɔlt/ /dɪˈfɔːlt/ /ˈdiːˌfɑlt/ /ˈdiːˌfɔlt/ /ˈdiːˌfɔːlt/ v
zalec zalegać

defeat /dɪˈfiːt/ n
porażka
the act of being defeated, of losing

defeat /dɪˈfiːt/ v
pokonywać pokonać
to overcome in battle or contest

defeated /dɪˈfiːtəd/ adj
pokonany
subjugated, beaten, overcome

defeatism /dɪˈfiːtɪzəm/ n
defetyzm niedasizm
acceptance of defeat without struggle

defeatist /dɪˈfiːtɪst/ adj
defetystyczny
of, or relating to defeatism

defeatist /dɪˈfiːtɪst/ n
defetysta defetystka
someone who advocates defeatism, or has such an attitude

defeatistly adv
defetystycznie

defecate /ˈdɛfɪkeɪt/ /ˈdɛfɪkət/ v
defekować wypróżniać się wypróżnić się zdefekować

defecation /ˌdɛfəˈkeɪʃən/ /ˌdɛfɪˈkeɪʃən/ n
defekacja
process of removing impurities
defekacja wypróżnienie
act or process of voiding excrement

defect /dɪˈfɛkt/ /ˈdiːfɛkt/ n
defekt usterka wada
fault or malfunction

defect /dɪˈfɛkt/ /ˈdiːfɛkt/ v
dezerterować zdezerterować
to join the enemy

defective /dɪˈfɛktɪv/ adj
ułomny
having only some forms
wadliwy felerny
having one or more defects

defective verb n
czasownik ułomny
verb with an incomplete conjugation

defectless adj
bezusterkowy

defector /dɪˈfɛktə(ɹ)/ n
dezerter dezerterka
one who defects

defend /diˈfɛnd/ /dəˈfɛnd/ /dɪˈfɛnd/ v
bronić
ward off attacks against

defendant /dɪˈfɛnd.ənt/ n
oskarżony pozwany oskarżona pozwana
person prosecuted or sued, the accused

defender /dɪˈfɛndə(ɹ)/ n
obrońca
sports term
obrońca obrończyni
someone who defends

defenestrate /dəˈfɛnɪstɹeɪt/ /dɪˈfɛnɪstɹeɪt/ v
defenestrować
eject from a window

defenestration /diˌfɛnəˈstɹeɪʃən/ /dɪˌfɛnɪˈstɹeɪʃ(ə)n/ /ˌdiː-/ n
defenestracja
act of throwing out a window

defense /dɪˈfɛns/ /ˈdiːˌfɛns/ n
obrona
action of protecting from attack
anything employed to oppose attack
argument in support or justification of something

defenseless /dɪˈfɛnsləs/ adj
bezbronny bezradny bezsilny
lacking any form of defense; vulnerable; open to attack

defenselessly /dɪˈfɛnsləsli/ adv
bezbronnie bezradnie bezsilnie
in a defenseless manner

defenselessness /dɪˈfɛnsləsnəs/ n
bezbronność bezradność bezsilność
vulnerability

defensive /dɪˈfɛnsɪv/ adj
defensywny obronny
intended for defence; protective

defensive /dɪˈfɛnsɪv/ n
defensywa
means, attitude or position

defensive midfielder n
defensywny pomocnik
midfield player

defer /dɪˈfɜː(ɹ)/ /dɪˈfɝ/ v
odkładać odraczać odroczyć odłożyć
(transitive) to delay
zwlekać
(intransitive) to delay

deference /ˈdɛ.fɚ.əns/ /ˈdɛ.fɹəns/ /ˈdɛfəɹəns/ n
atencja atentacja szacunek
great respect
posłuszeństwo
the willingness to carry out the wishes of others

defiance /dɪˈfaɪ(j)əns/ n
opór
the feeling of being defiant

defibrillator /diːˈfɪbɹɪleɪtə(ɹ)/ n
defibrylator pastuch
device

deficiency /dɪˈfɪʃənsi/ n
deficyt niedobór
inadequacy or incompleteness
niedobór
insufficiency

deficit /ˈdɛfəsɪt/ /ˈdɛfɪsɪt/ n
deficyt
situation wherein spending exceeds government revenue

define /dɪˈfaɪn/ v
definiować zdefiniować
state meaning of
określać określić
to determine

defined /dɪˈfaɪnd/ /dɪˈfʌɪnd/ adj
zdefiniowany
having a definition or value

definite /ˈdɛfənət/ /ˈdɛfənɪt/ /ˈdɛfɪnɪt/ adj
jasny sprecyzowany
free from any doubt
określony
(linguistics) designating an identified or immediately identifiable person or thing
having distinct limits

definite article n
rodzajnik określony
article introducing a noun and specifying it as the particular noun considered

definite integral n
całka oznaczona
integral of a function

definitely /ˈdɛf.nɪt.li/ /ˈdɛf.ə.nɪt.li/ /ˈdɛf.ɪ.nɪt.li/ adv
na pewno zdecydowanie
without question and beyond doubt

definition /ˌdɛf.əˈnɪʃ.ən/ /ˌdɛf.ɪˈnɪʃ.ən/ [ˌdɛf.əˈnɪʃ.n̩] [ˌdɛf.ɪˈnɪʃ.n̩] n
definicja
statement of the meaning of a word or word group or a sign or symbol
product of defining
statement expressing the essential nature of something
act of defining
action or process of defining
rozdzielczość definicja
clarity of visual presentation, distinctness of outline or detail

definitively /dɪˈfɪnɪtɪvli/ adv
definitywnie niezaprzeczalnie ostatecznie zdecydowanie
in a decisive, conclusive and final manner

deflagration /ˌdɛfləˈɡɹeɪʃən/ n
deflagracja
intense fire

deflate /diːˈfleɪt/ v
spuszczać powietrze spuścić powietrze
reduction, usually in volume

deflation /dɪˈfleɪʃən/ n
deflacja
decrease in the general price level

defloration n
defloracja
the act of deflowering

deflower /dɪˈflaʊə(ɹ)/ v
rozdziewiczać
to take the virginity of a woman or girl

defoliant /diːˈfəʊlɪənt/ n
defoliant
agent used to defoliate plants

deforest /dɪˈfɒɹɪst/ v
wylesiać wylesić
to clear an area of forest

deforestation /dɪˌfɒɹɪsˈteɪʃən/ /ˌdiːfɒɹɪsˈteɪʃən/ n
wylesianie
process of destroying a forest

deform /dəˈfɔɹm/ /dɪˈfɔːm/ v
deformować odkształcać odkształcić
to change the look of (something), usually thus making it imperfect or unattractive
odkształcać się odkształcić się
to become changed in shape or misshapen
odkształcać odkształcić
to change the form of (something), usually thus making it disordered or irregular

deformation /ˌdɛfəˈmeɪʃən/ n
deformowanie odkształcanie zniekształcanie
act of deforming, or state of being deformed

deformed /dɪˈfɔːmd/ adj
zdeformowany zniekształcony
unusual of shape

defragment /diːfɹæɡˈmɛnt/ /diːˈfɹæɡmɛnt/ v
defragmentować
to run a process to make file fragments on a hard disk contiguous

defragmentation /diːˌfɹæɡmənˈteɪʃən/ n
defragmentacja
action of defragmenting

defragmenter /diːfɹæɡˈmɛntə(ɹ)/ n
defragmentator
that which defragments; a program that performs defragmentation

defray /dɪˈfɹeɪ/ v
opłacać opłacić pokrywać koszty pokryć koszty
to pay or discharge (a debt, expense etc.); to meet (the cost of something)

defrost /diːˈfɹɒst/ v
odmrażać odmrozić rozmrozić
to thaw
odmrozić rozmrozić
to remove frost from

deft /dɛft/ adj
zręczny
skillful

deftly /ˈdɛftli/ adv
zręcznie
in a deft manner

defunct /dɪˈfʌŋkt/ /ˌdiˈfʌŋkt/ adj
wymarły
deceased

defuse /diːˈfjuːz/ v
rozbrajać rozbroić
to remove the fuse from a bomb
rozładować rozładowywać
to make something less dangerous

degas v
odgazować
To remove the gas from

degenerate /dɪˈdʒɛnəɹeɪt/ /dɪˈdʒɛnəɹɪt/ adj
zdegenerowany
having deteriorated, degraded or fallen from normal
zdegenerowany zwyrodniały
having lost good or desirable qualities

degenerate /dɪˈdʒɛnəɹeɪt/ /dɪˈdʒɛnəɹɪt/ n
degenerat degeneratka
one who is degenerate, who has fallen from previous stature

degenerate /dɪˈdʒɛnəɹeɪt/ /dɪˈdʒɛnəɹɪt/ v
degenerować się wykolejać się zwyrodnieć
to lose good or desirable qualities

degeneration /dɪˌdʒɛnəˈɹeɪʃən/ n
degeneracja
condition of a tissue or an organ in which its vitality has become diminished
degeneracja zwyrodnienie
process or state of growing worse
zwyrodnienie
gradual deterioration, from natural causes, of any class of animals or plants

degradable [dɪˈɡɹeɪdəbəɫ] adj
na podatny rozkład
that which can be degraded

degradation /ˌdɛɡɹəˈdeɪʃən/ n
degradacja
diminution or reduction of strength, efficacy, or value; degeneration; deterioration
state of being reduced in rank, character, or reputation
state or condition of a species or group which exhibits degraded forms; degeneration
degradacja poniżenie
act of reducing in rank, character, or reputation, or of abasing

degreaser n
odtłuszczacz
solvent

degree /dɪˈɡɹiː/ n
stopień
amount, proportion, extent
unit of measurement of temperature
geometry: unit of measurement of angle
graph theory: the number of edges that a vertex takes part in
algebra: the maximal exponent of a polynomial
stopień naukowy
academic award

degree of comparison n
stopień
form of an adjective

degree of freedom n
stopień swobody
independent variable required to specify the thermodynamic state
mathematics: unrestricted variable
minimum number of coordinates usable to describe a mechanical system

degu n
koszatniczek koszatniczka
any species of genus Octodon
koszatniczka pospolita
Octodon degus

dehiscence /dɪˈhɪsəns/ n
ewentracja
(medicine) rupture

dehumanization /diːˌhjuːmənaɪˈzeɪʃən/ n
dehumanizacja odczłowieczenie
the act or process of dehumanizing

dehumanize /diːˈhjuːmənaɪz/ v
dehumanizować zdehumanizować odczłowieczać odczłowieczyć
to take away humanity

dehumidifier /diːˌhjuːˈmɪdɪfaɪ(j)ə(ɹ)/ n
odwilżacz osuszacz
device for removing moisture from air

dehydrate /diːhaɪdˈɹeɪt/ /diːˈhaɪdɹeɪt/ v
odwadniać odwodnić
to lose or remove water

dehydrated /diːhaɪdˈɹeɪtəd/ /dəˈhaɪdɹeɪtəd/ [dəˈhaɪd͡ʒɹeɪdəd] adj
bezwodny odwodniony
From which the water has been removed
odwodniony
Suffering from dehydration

dehydration /dihaɪˈdɹeɪʃən/ /diːhaɪˈdɹeɪʃən/ n
odwodnienie
act or process of freeing from water
condition in which water in the body drops below normal levels

dehydrogenase /diːˌhaɪdˈɹɒdʒəneɪz/ n
dehydrogenaza
enzyme

deicide /ˈdeɪ.ə.saɪd/ /ˈdeɪ.ɪ.saɪd/ /ˈdi.ə.saɪd/ /ˈdiː.ɪ.saɪd/ n
bogobójca bogobójczyni
killer
bogobójstwo
killing

deicing n
odladzanie

deictic /ˈdaɪktɪk/ /ˈdeɪktɪk/ adj
deiktyczny
pertaining to deixis

deification n
deifikacja
Act of deifying

deify /ˈdeɪ.ə.faɪ/ /ˈdeɪ.ɪ.faɪ/ /ˈdiː.ə.faɪ/ /ˈdiː.ɪ.faɪ/ v
ubóstwiać deifikować
to make a god of

deign /deɪn/ v
raczyć
to condescend

deindustrialization n
dezindustrializacja odprzemysłowienie

deism /ˈdeɪ-/ /ˈdiːɪz(ə)m/ n
deizm
belief

deist /ˈdeɪ.ɪst/ /ˈdiː.ɪst/ n
deista deistka
person who believes in deism

deity /ˈdeɪ.ə.ti/ /ˈdeɪ.ɪ.tɪ/ /ˈdi.ə.ti/ /ˈdiː.ɪ.tɪ/ [ˈdeɪ̯-] [ˈdeɪ̯.ə.ɾi] [ˈdi.ə.ɾi] n
bóstwo bożyszcze

dejected /dɪˈdʒɛktəd/ adj
przygnębiony
sad and dispirited

dejection /dəˈd͡ʒɛkʃən/ /dɪˈdʒɛkʃən/ n
przygnębienie strapienie
a state of melancholy or depression

dekulakize /dɪˈkulæˌkaɪz/ /dɪˈkuːlækaɪz/ v
rozkułaczyć
to dispossess a kulak (wealthy peasant)

del credere adv
del credere

delation /diˈleɪʃn̩/ /dɪˈleɪʃn̩/ n
delacja
accusation

delay /dəˈleɪ/ /dɪ-/ /dɪˈleɪ/ n
opóźnienie
period of time before an event occurs

delay /dəˈleɪ/ /dɪ-/ /dɪˈleɪ/ v
opóźniać opóźnić
to put off until a later time

delayed-onset muscle soreness n
zakwasy
pain and stiffness felt in muscles several hours to days after unaccustomed or strenuous exercise

delegate /ˈdɛlɪɡət/ /ˈdɛlɪˌɡeɪt/ n
delegat delegatka
deputy, envoy, representative

delegation /dɛlɪˈɡeɪʃən/ n
delegacja
a group of delegates
delegowanie
act of delegating

delete /diˈliːt/ /dəˈliːt/ /dɪˈliːt/ v
usuwać
to remove

deleterious /ˌdɛləˈtɪɹi.əs/ /ˌdɛlɪˈtɪəɹi.əs/ /ˌdɪlɪˈtɪəɹi.əs/ adj
szkodliwy
harmful

deletion /dɪˈliːʃən/ n
skasowanie usunięcie
the act of deleting

deliberate /dəˈlɪbəɹeɪt/ /dəˈlɪbəɹət/ /dɪˈlɪbəɹeɪt/ /dɪˈlɪbəɹət/ adj
celowy umyślny zamierzony rozmyślny świadomy
intentional
niespieszny nieśpieszny
not hasty or sudden
niespieszny nieśpieszny przemyślany rozważny
of a person, carefully considering the probable consequences of a step
przemyślany
carefully considered

deliberation /dɪˌlɪbəˈɹeɪʃən/ n
deliberacja obrady
the act of deliberating, or of weighing and examining the reasons for and against a choice or measure

delicacy /ˈdɛlɪkəsi/ n
delicje delikates przysmak
something appealing, especially a pleasing food
delikatność finezja subtelność
quality of being delicate

delicate /ˈdɛlɪkət/ adj
delikatny
characterized by a fine structure or thin lines
easily damaged or requiring careful handling
intended for use with fragile items
light, or softly tinted
refined, gentle

delicatessen /ˌdɛlɪkəˈtɛsən/ n
delikatesy
shop selling prepared foods

delicious /diˈlɪʃəs/ /dəˈlɪʃəs/ /dɪˈlɪʃəs/ adj
smaczny pyszny dobry wyśmienity
pleasing to taste

delict /dɪˈlɪkt/ /ˈdiːlɪkt/ n
delikt
law: wrongful act

delight /dəˈlaɪt/ /dɪˈlaɪt/ n
radość przyjemność rozkosz zachwyt
joy, pleasure

delight /dəˈlaɪt/ /dɪˈlaɪt/ v
cieszyć radować zachwycać
to give pleasure to

delinquency /dɪˈlɪŋkwənsi/ n
przestępstwo
a criminal offense
występek
misconduct

delinquent /dɪˈlɪŋkwənt/ n
delikwent
one who breaks the law

delirium /dɪˈlɪ.ɹi.əm/ /dɪˈlɪɹ.i.əm/ n
delirium delirka majaczenie
mental state of confusion

delirium tremens n
biała gorączka delirium tremens delirka
psychosis of alcoholism

deliver /dɪˈlɪvə(ɹ)/ /dɪˈlɪvɚ/ v
dostarczyć dostarczać
to bring or transport something to its destination
wybawiać wybawić
to set free

delivery /dɪˈlɪv(ə)ɹi/ n
dostawa
act of conveying something
item which has been conveyed
poród
act of giving birth

deliveryman n
dostawca
someone employed to make deliveries

delta /ˈdɛltə/ [ˈdɛɫtə] n
delta
fourth letter of modern Greek alphabet
landform at the mouth of a river
mathematical symbol Δ
trójkąt
electric connection

deluge /dəˈlud͡ʒ/ /ˈdi.lud͡ʒ/ /ˈdɛ.lud͡ʒ/ /ˈdɛl.jud͡ʒ/ /ˈdɛl.juːdʒ/ n
potop
great flood
potop zalew
an overwhelming amount of something

delusion /dɪˈl(j)uːzjən/ /dɪˈl(j)uːʒ(ə)n/ n
omam przywidzenie ułuda złuda złudzenie
act of deluding; deception; a misleading of the mind
omamienie
state of being deluded or misled

delusion of grandeur n
kompleks wyższości megalomania
False belief that one is important or powerful

delusional disorder n
paranoja
mental disorder

demagnetization n
odmagnesowanie rozmagnesowanie
process of removing the magnetic field from an object

demagnetize v
rozmagnesować rozmagnesowywać
to make something nonmagnetic

demagnetized adj
rozmagnesowany
from which all magnetism has been removed

demagogic adj
demagogiczny
of or pertaining to demagogy or a demagogue

demagogue /ˈdɛməɡɑɡ/ /ˈdɛməɡɒɡ/ /ˈdɛməɡɔɡ/ n
demagog
(pejorative) a political orator or leader who gains favor by pandering to or exciting the passions and prejudices of the audience rather than by using rational argument

demagogy n
demagogia
demagogism

demand /dəˈmænd/ /dɪˈmænd/ /dɪˈmɑːnd/ n
popyt
desire to purchase goods and services
economics: amount a consumer is willing to buy at a particular price
wymaganie
forceful claim for something
żądanie
need, requirement

demand /dəˈmænd/ /dɪˈmænd/ /dɪˈmɑːnd/ v
wymagać żądać
to request forcefully

demand account n
rachunek wkładów a vista

demand deposit n
depozyt na żądanie
bank deposit that may be withdrawn without notice

demanding /dəˈmændɪŋ/ /dɪˈmɑːndɪŋ/ adj
wymagający
requiring much endurance, strength, or patience

dematerialization /diːməˌtɪəɹɪəlaɪˈzeɪʃən/ n
dematerializacja
substitution of paper-form securities
act or process of dematerializing

dematerialize /ˌdi.məˈtɪɹ.i.ə.laɪz/ /ˌdiː.məˈtɪə.ɹɪ.ə.laɪz/ v
dematerializować zdematerializować
(intransitive) to disappear by becoming immaterial
(transitive) to cause to disappear by becoming immaterial

demeaning adj
poniżający
that degrades

dementedly adv
bezrozumnie

dementedness n
bezrozum bezrozumność
quality

dementia /dɪˈmɛnʃə/ n
demencja otępienie
progressive decline in cognitive function

demesne /dɪˈmeɪn/ /dɪˈmiːn/ n
domena dominium
lord's chief manor place

demibra n
bardotka

demicup n
bardotka

demigod /ˈdɛmiɡɑd/ /ˈdɛmiɡɒd/ n
bóstwo
a lesser deity
półbóg
a half-god or hero

demijohn /ˈdɛmɪdʒɒn/ n
baniak gąsior
bottle

demilitarisation n
demilitaryzacja
removal of a military force

demilitarize /dɪˈmɪlɪtəɹaɪz/ v
demilitaryzować
remove troops from an area

demilitarized /dɪˈmɪlɪtəɹaɪzd/ adj
zdemilitaryzowany
declared free of all military

demilitarized zone n
strefa zdemilitaryzowana
area

demimonde /ˈdɛmiˌmɑnd/ /ˈdɛmiːmɒnd/ n
półświatek
group having little respect or reputation

demine v
rozminować rozminowywać
remove explosive mines from

deminer n
osoba, która rozminowuje
one who removes explosive mines

demise /dɪˈmaɪz/ n
śmierć zgon
death

demisemiquaver /dɛmɪˈsɛmɪkweɪvə(ɹ)/ n
trzydziestodwójka
music

demiurge /ˈdiː-/ /ˈdɛ.miˌɚd͡ʒ/ /ˈdɛ.mɪ.ɜːdʒ/ n
demiurg
being that created the universe

demo /ˈdɛm.oʊ/ /ˈdɛm.əʊ/ n
reklamówka
an example of a product used for demonstration and then sold at a discount

demobilization /diːˌməʊbɪlaɪˈzeɪʃən/ n
demobilizacja
disorganization or disarming of troops

democracy /dɪˈmɑ.kɹə.si/ /dɪˈmɒk.ɹə.si/ /dɪˈmɔk.ɹə.si/ n
demokracja
government under the rule of its people
demokracja ludowładztwo
rule by the people

democrat /ˈdɛməkɹæt/ n
demokrata demokratka
supporter of democracy

democratic /ˌdɛməˈkɹætɪk/ [-ɾɪk] adj
demokratyczny
pertaining to democracy

democratic socialism n
socjalizm demokratyczny
socialism based on democratic principles

democratically /dɛməˈkɹætɪkəli/ adv
demokratycznie
in a democratic way

democratization n
demokratyzacja
the introduction of democracy

democratize /dɪˈmɒkɹətaɪz/ v
demokratyzować zdemokratyzować
to make democratic

demographer /dɪˈmɒɡɹəfə(ɹ)/ n
demograf demografka
person who studies demography

demographic /ˌdɛm.əˈɡɹæf.ɪk/ adj
demograficzny
of or pertaining to demography

demography /dɪˈmɒɡɹəfi/ n
demografia
study of human populations

demoiselle n
świtezianka
Calopterygidae

demolish /dəˈmɒl.ɪʃ/ v
burzyć niszczyć zburzyć zdemolować
to destroy

demolition /ˌdɛm.əˈlɪʃ.ən/ [ˌdɛm.əˈlɪʃ.n̩] n
rozbiórka
the action of demolishing or destroying

demon /ˈdiː.mən/ n
demon bies czort
evil spirit

demon core pn
Diabelski rdzeń
spherical mass of plutonium

demonetize /diˈmɑnətaɪz/ /diːˈmʊnətaɪz/ /diːˈmʌnətaɪz/ v
wycofać z obiegu wycofywać z obiegu
internet: to demote so that it is no longer eligible to earn money

demonic /dɪˈmɒnɪk/ adj
demoniczny biesowski
Pertaining to evil spirits

demonically adv
demonicznie
in a demonic way

demonization n
demonizacja
the act of demonizing or something demonized

demonize /ˈdiːmənaɪz/ v
demonizować
turn into a demon
demonizować diabolizować
describe or represent as evil

demonological adj
demonologiczny
of or pertaining to demonology

demonology /ˌdiːməˈnɑːləd͡ʒi/ /ˌdiːməˈnɒlədʒi/ n
demonologia
study of demons

demonstrable /dɪˈmɑnstɹəbl̩/ /ˈdɛmənstɹəbl̩/ adj
wykazalny
able to be demonstrated

demonstrably adv
wykazalnie
in such a manner as to be capable of being demonstrated

demonstrate /ˈdɛmənstɹeɪt/ v
demonstrować zademonstrować
to participate in a demonstration
to show how to use something
to show the steps taken to create a logical argument or equation

demonstration /dɛmənˈstɹeɪʃən/ n
demonstracja
public display of group opinion
act
event
show of military force

demonstrator /ˈdɛmənstɹeɪtə(ɹ)/ n
demonstrant demonstrantka
a person involved in a demonstration

demotion n
degradacja
An act of demoting; a lowering of rank or status

demotivate /ˌdiːˈmoʊtɪveɪt/ /ˌdiːˈməʊtɪveɪt/ v
demotywować zdemotywować
to decrease the motivation

demotivating adj
demotywujący zniechęcający

demotivation n
demotywacja
feeling or state of being demotivated

demotivator n
demotywator
one who, or that which, demotivates

demur /dɪˈmɜː/ /dɪˈmɝ/ n
obiekcja
hesitation as to proceeding; suspense of decision or action; scruple

demystify /diːˈmɪstɪfaɪ/ v
odczarować odczarowywać
to explain

den /dɛn/ /dɪn/ n
jama nora pieczara barłóg legowisko leże
home of certain animals
melina speluna
squalid or wretched place

denar /ˈdeɪnɑː(ɹ)/ /ˈdɛnɑː(ɹ)/ n
denar
currency of the Republic of Macedonia

denarius /dɪˈnɑɹi.əs/ /dɪˈnɑːɹɪ.əs/ /dɪˈnɛəɹɪ.əs/ /dɪˈnɛɚ.i.əs/ /dɪˈnɛɹi.əs/ n
denar
silver coin

denationalize /diːˈnæʃ(ə)nəlaɪz/ v
wynaradawiać wynarodawiać wynarodowić
privatize

denature /diːˈneɪtjə(ɹ)/ /diːˈneɪtʃə(ɹ)/ v
denaturować
to add substance to make unsuitable for consumption
to subject a protein to conditions altering its original form

denatured alcohol n
denaturat
ethyl alcohol unfit for consumption

denazification n
denazyfikacja
process of the removal of Nazis

denazify v
denazyfikować zdenazyfikować
to free from Nazi influence

dendr- /dɛn.dɹ/ prefix
dendro-
Used to form words concerning trees or branching

dendrochronology n
dendrochronologia
science of counting tree rings

dendrogram /ˈdɛndɹəɡɹæm/ n
dendrogram
tree-like diagram used to show the ancestors and descendants of species

dendrologist /dɛndˈɹɒlədʒɪst/ n
dendrolog dendrolożka

dendrology /dɛndˈɹɑlədʒi/ /dɛndˈɹɒlədʒi/ n
dendrologia
the study of trees

dengue /ˈdɛŋɡeɪ/ /ˈdɛŋɡi/ /ˈɖɛŋɡi/ /ˈɖɛŋɡu/ /ˈɖɛŋɡɛ/ n
denga
disease

dengue fever /ˈdɛŋɡeɪ ˈfiːvə/ /ˈdɛŋɡeɪ ˈfiːvɚ/ /ˈdɛŋɡiː ˈfiːvɚ/ n
denga
disease

deniability /dɪˌnaɪ(j)əˈbɪlɪti/ n
zaprzeczalność
condition

deniable /dɪˈnaɪ(j)əbəɫ/ adj
wątpliwy zaprzeczalny
able to be denied or contradicted

denial /dɪˈnaɪ.əl/ n
odmowa
refusal to comply with a request
zaprzeczenie
negation in logic

denialism /dɪˈnaɪ(j)əlɪzəm/ n
negatywizm
position of those who reject propositions that are strongly supported by scientific or historical evidence

denialist /dɪˈnaɪ(j)əlɪst/ n
denialista denialistaka
one who denies an assertion in a controversial debate

denigrate /ˈdɛn.ɪ.ɡɹeɪt/ v
oczerniać uwłaczać
to criticise so as to besmirch
pomniejszyć umniejszać
to treat as worthless

denim /ˈdɛnɪm/ n
denim dżins teksas jeans
textile with diagonal pattern

denizen /ˈdɛn.ɪ.zən/ n
bywalczyni bywalec
one who frequents a place
mieszkaniec mieszkanka
an inhabitant of a place; one who dwells in

denomination /dɪˌnɒmɪˈneɪʃən/ n
nominał
unit in a series of units

denominational adj
denominacyjny wyznaniowy
of or pertaining to a denomination

denominator /dɪˈnɒmɪneɪtə(ɹ)/ n
mianownik
number or expression written below the line in a fraction

denounce /diˈnaʊns/ /dəˈnaʊns/ v
potępić
to criticize or speak out against
wypowiedzieć
to announce the termination of; especially a treaty
zadenuncjować
to make known in a formal manner

dense /dɛns/ adj
gęsty
math: being a well-approximating subset
gęsty szczelny
having relatively high density
tępy
slow to comprehend; of low intelligence
zbity zwarty
compact; crowded together

density /ˈdɛn.sə.ti/ /ˈdɛn.sɪ.ti/ [ˈdɛn.sə.ɾi] n
gęstość
physics: amount of matter contained by a given volume
number of particles or other quantity contained by a given volume

dent /dɛnt/ n
wgniecenie
shallow deformation in the surface

dental /ˈdɛn.tl̩/ /ˈdɛn.təl/ [ˈdɛn.(ɾ)əɫ] [ˈdɛn.(ɾ)ɫ̩] [ˈdɛn.əɫ] [ˈdɛɾ̃.əɫ] [ˈdɛɾ̃.ɫ̩] adj
dentystyczny stomatologiczny
of or concerning dentistry
zębowy
phonetics
of or concerning the teeth

dental calculus n
kamień nazębny
crust on the teeth

dental caries n
próchnica zębów
disease of the teeth

dental dam n
koferdam ślinochron
dental dam

dental floss n
nić dentystyczna
cord of thin filaments used to clean the gaps between the teeth

dentialveolar adj
zębowo-dziąsłowy denti-alweolarny dziąsłowo-zębowy

dentin n
zębina
material of a tooth

dentist /ˈdɛntɪst/ n
dentysta dentystka
specialized tooth doctor

dentistry /ˈdɛntɪstɹi/ n
dentystyka stomatologia
the field of medicine which studies and treats conditions of the teeth
stomatologia
operations performed on teeth

denture /ˈdɛntjə(ɹ)/ /ˈdɛntʃə(ɹ)/ /ˈdɛnt͡ʃə(ɹ)/ n
proteza

denuclearization n
denuklearyzacja
act or process of denuclearizing

denude /dɪˈnjuːd/ v
obnażać obnażyć
divest of all covering

denunciation /dɪˌnʊnsiˈeɪʃən/ /dɪˌnʌnsiˈeɪʃən/ n
denuncjacja donos
act of denouncing

deny /dəˈnaɪ/ /dɪ-/ /dɪˈnaɪ/ v
zaprzeczać negować kwestionować przeczyć
to assert that something is not true

deodorant /diˈoʊdəɹənt/ /diˈəʊdəɹənt/ n
dezodorant
odor-controlling cosmetic for the underarm
any agent to eliminate, reduce, mask, or control odor

deoxyribonucleic /di.ɒk.sɪˌɹaɪ.bəʊ.njuːˈkleɪ.ɪk/ /di.ɔk.siˌɹaɪ.boʊ.nuːˈkleɪ.ɪk/ adj
deoksyrybonukleinowy dezoksyrybonukleinowy
Of or pertaining to deoxyribonucleic acid

deoxyribonucleic acid n
kwas deoksyrybonukleinowy kwas dezoksyrybonukleinowy
deoxyribonucleic acid

deoxyribose n
deoksyryboza dezoksyryboza
derivative of ribose

depart /dɪˈpɑɹt/ /dɪˈpɑːt/ v
odjechać odjeżdżać odchodzić odejść odlatywać odlecieć
to leave

department /dɪˈpɑɹtmənt/ /dɪˈpɑːtm(ə)nt/ n
oddział agenda departament dział
subdivision of organization
wydział dział
part, portion, subdivision

department store n
dom towarowy dom handlowy
store containing many departments

departure lounge n
hala odlotów
waiting room at an airport

depenalization n
depenalizacja

depend /di-/ /də-/ /dɪˈpɛnd/ v
polegać
trust
zależeć
be contingent or conditioned

dependability n
bezawaryjność niezawodność
characteristic of being dependable

dependable [dɪˈpɛndəbəɫ] adj
niezawodny
able to be depended on

dependably adv
bezawaryjnie

dependence /dɪˈpɛndəns/ n
zależność bluszczowatość bluszczowość
state of being dependent

dependency injection n
wstrzykiwanie zależności
a process of supplying an external dependency to a software component

dependent /dɪˈpɛndənt/ adj
zależny uzależniony bluszczowaty bluszczowy
relying upon; depending upon

depiction /dɪˈpɪkʃən/ n
przedstawienie
lifelike image

depilate /ˈdɛpɪleɪt/ v
depilować wydepilować
to remove hair from the body

deplore /dɪˈplo(ː)ɹ/ /dɪˈploə/ /dɪˈplɔɹ/ /dɪˈplɔː/ v
opłakiwać
to bewail; to weep bitterly over; to feel sorrow for

depopulate /diˈpɑpjəleɪt/ /diːˈpɒpjəleɪt/ v
wyludniać wyludnić
to reduce the population of a region by disease, war, forced relocation etc.

depopulation /diːˌpɒpjəˈleɪʃən/ n
depopulacja wyludnienie
act or condition of depopulating

deport /dɪˈpoət/ /dɪˈpoɹt/ /dɪˈpɔɹt/ /dɪˈpɔːt/ v
deportować wyganiać wygnać
to evict, especially from a country

deportation /diːˌpɔːˈteɪʃən/ n
deportacja
act of deporting or exiling

depose /diˈpoʊz/ /dəˈpoʊz/ /dɪˈpəʊz/ v
detronizować dymisjonować odwołać odwoływać zdetronizować zdymisjonować
to remove (a leader) from office

deposit /dɪˈpɑzɪt/ /dɪˈpɒzɪt/ n
depozyt wpłata
money placed in an account
kaucja
security for a borrowed item
osad ślad
anything left behind on a surface
zaliczka
money given as an initial payment
złoże osad
sediment or rock different from the surrounding material

deposit /dɪˈpɑzɪt/ /dɪˈpɒzɪt/ v
deponować powierzać powierzyć zdeponować
to entrust one's assets to the care of another
osadzać osadzić składać złożyć
to lay down
wpłacać wpłacić
to put money or funds into an account

deposition /ˌdɛp.əˈzɪʃ.ən/ n
depozycja
act of depositing material, especially by a natural process; resultant deposit
removal of someone from office
resublimacja
transformation of gas into solid

depositor n
deponent
person

depository /dɪˈpɑzɪtɔɹi/ /dɪˈpɒzɪtɹi/ n
depozytariusz składnica
a place where something is deposited

depot /ˈdepɐʉ/ /ˈdiːpoʊ/ /ˈdɛpoʊ/ /ˈdɛpəʊ/ n
magazyn hurtownia skład składnica
warehouse or similar storage facility
stacja
bus or railway station

depravity /dəˈpɹævɪti/ n
deprawacja zdeprawowanie zepsucie
The state or condition of being depraved
gwałt niegodziwość nierząd zbrodnia
A particular depraved act or trait
zepsucie
Inborn corruption

deprecate /ˈdɛpɹəkeɪt/ /ˈdɛpɹɪkeɪt/ v
dezaktualizować unieważniać unieważnić zdezaktualizować
to declare obsolescent

depreciate /dɪˈpɹiːʃɪeɪt/ v
deprecjonować
(tr.) to lessen in price or value

depreciation /dɪˌpɹiːʃɪˈeɪʃən/ n
amortyzacja
the decline in value of assets

depreciational adj
amortyzacyjny

depreciator n
amortyzator

depressed /dɪˈpɹɛst/ adj
nieszczęśliwy
severely despondent and unhappy

depression /dəˈpɹɛʃ(ə)n/ /dɪˈpɹɛʃən/ n
depresja
psychology: state of mind
economics: period of major economic contraction
geography: low area
psychology: period of unhappiness
recesja
economics: four consecutive quarters of negative real GDP development

deprivation /dɛp.ɹɪ.veɪʃən/ n
pozbawienie
act of depriving

deprive /dɪˈpɹaɪv/ v
pozbawiać pozbawić
take something away; deny someone of something

depth /dɛpθ/ n
głębokość
vertical distance below a surface

depth charge n
bomba głębinowa
bomb designed to detonate at a certain depth underwater

depth of field n
głębia ostrości
distance in focus

depth-first search n
przeszukiwanie wgłąb
algorithm where one starts at the root and explores as far as possible down before going up

deputinization n
deputinizacja
the process of the removal of the influence of Vladimir Putin from politics

deputy /ˈdɛpjəti/ /ˈdɛpəti/ n
zastępca zastępczyni
representative

derail /ˌdiːˈɹeɪ.əl/ /ˌdəˈɹeɪ.əl/ v
wykoleić wykolejać
to come off the tracks

derailleur /ˌdiˈɹeɪ.lɚ/ /ˌdiˈɹeɪl.jə/ /ˌdəˈɹeɪ.lɚ/ /ˌdəˈɹeɪl.jə/ n
przerzutka
mechanism

deranged /dɪˈɹeɪnd͡ʒd/ adj
nienormalny zwariowany
disturbed or upset, especially mentally
obłąkany
insane

deratization n
deratyzacja odszczurzenie
deratization

derby /ˈdɑː.bi/ /ˈdɝ.bi/ n
derby
horse race

derealization n
derealizacja
psychological symptom in which the world appears to be unreal

deregulation n
deregulacja
process of removing constraints

deregulatory /diːˈɹɛɡjulətɔɹi/ /diːˈɹɛɡjələtɹi/ adj
deregulacyjny
of or pertaining to deregulation

derelict /ˈdɛɹəlɪkt/ adj
porzucony
abandoned

deride /dɪˈɹaɪd/ v
wyśmiewać
to harshly mock; ridicule

derision /dɪˈɹɪʒən/ n
szyderstwo wyszydzenie
act of treating with contempt

derisive /dɪˈɹaɪ.sɪv/ /dɪˈɹɪ.sɪv/ adj
drwiący szyderczy
expressing or characterized by derision; mocking

derivation /ˌdɛ.ɹɪˈveɪ.ʃ(ə)n/ n
derywacja
forming a new word by changing the base of another word or by adding affixes to it
that which is derived

derivative /dɪˈɹɪvətɪv/ adj
pochodny wtórny
obtained by derivation

derivative /dɪˈɹɪvətɪv/ n
derywat
word that derives from another
derywat instrument pochodny
financial instrument whose value depends on the valuation of an underlying instrument
pochodna
chemical derived from another
in analysis: value
pochodny wtórny
something derived

derived /dɪˈɹaɪvd/ adj
pochodny
product of deriving

derived function n
funkcja pochodna pochodna
calculus: a function

dermal [ˈdɜːməɫ] adj
skórny
of or pertaining to skin

dermatitis /ˌdɜː(ɹ)m.əˈtaɪ.tɪs/ n
zapalenie skóry
inflammation of the skin

dermato- prefix
dermato- dermo-

dermatographia n
dermografizm pokrzywka dermograficzna
skin disorder

dermatological [ˌdɜːmətəˈlɒd͡ʒɪkəɫ] adj
dermatologiczny
of or pertaining to dermatology

dermatologist /ˌdɜːməˈtɒlədʒɪst/ /ˌdɝ.mə.ˈtɑ.lə.d͡ʒɪst/ n
dermatolog
one who is skilled, professes or practices dermatology

dermatology /ˌdɜːməˈtɒlədʒi/ n
dermatologia
the study of the skin and its diseases

dermo- prefix
dermato- dermo-

dernier cri n
dernier cri
latest sensation; last word, newest or ultimate expression or example

derogatory /dɪˈɹɑɡətɔɹi/ /dɪˈɹɒɡətɹi/ adj
pejoratywny pogardliwy
tending to lessen the value of

derogatory clause n
klauzula derogacyjna

derrick /ˈdɛɹɪk/ n
wieża wiertnicza
framework constructed over a mine or oil well

derring-do /ˌdɛɹɪŋˈduː/ n
bohaterstwo
valiant deeds in desperate times
brawura
brave and adventurous actions

derussification n
derusyfikacja
process or action of derussifying something

dervish /ˈdɜːvɪʃ/ n
derwisz
Sufi ascetic

desalinate /diːˈsælɪneɪt/ v
odsalać odsolić
remove the salt from something

desalination /diːˌsælɪˈneɪʃən/ n
odsalanie
process of removing salt from sea water in order to make drinking water

desalination plant n
odsalarnia
plant which converts seawater

desalt v
odsalać
to remove salt from

descend /dɪˈsɛnd/ v
schodzić zejść zniżać zniżyć
to pass from a higher to a lower place

descendant /dɪˈsɛndənt/ n
potomek descendent potomkini zstępny
one who is the progeny of someone

descendantless adj
bezpotomny
not having any descendants

descending colon n
zstępnica
part of colon

descent /diˈsɛnt/ /dəˈsɛnt/ /dɪˈsɛnt/ n
pochodzenie
lineage or hereditary derivation
zejście
instance of descending
zejście droga w dół
sloping passage or incline
way down

describe /dəˈskɹaɪb/ /dɪˈskɹaɪb/ v
opisać opisywać
to represent in words

description /dɪˈskɹɪpʃən/ n
opis
account in words

descriptive /dɪˈskɹɪptɪv/ adj
opisowy
of, or relating to description

descriptivism n
deskryptywizm
describing realistic language forms

descry /dɪˈskɹaɪ/ v
zauważyć, wywnioskować
to discover; to detect

desecrate /ˈdɛs.ə.kɹeɪ̯t/ /ˈdɛs.ɪ.kɹeɪ̯t/ v
bezcześcić profanować sprofanować zbezcześcić
to profane or violate sacredness
zeszpecić
to inappropriately change
zeświecczyć
to remove the consecration

desecration /dɛ.səˈkɹeɪ.ʃən/ /dɛ.sɪˈkɹeɪ.ʃən/ /dɛ.zəˈkɹeɪ.ʃən/ n
profanacja zbeszczeszczenie
act of disrespect towards sacred

desert /dəˈzɑɹt/ /ˈdɛz.ət/ /ˈdɛz.ɚt/ n
pustynia
barren area

desert /dəˈzɝt/ /dɪˈzɜːt/ /dɪˈzɝt/ v
opuścić dezerterować opuszczać zdezerterować
to abandon
zdezerterować dezerterować
to leave military service

desert wheatear n
białorzytka pustynna
Oenanthe deserti

deserted /dəˈzɜɹtəd/ /dɪˈzɜː(ɹ)tɪd/ [dəˈzɝɾəd] adj
bezludny
abandoned

desertedness n
bezludność

deserter /dɪˈzɜːtə(ɹ)/ n
dezerter dezerterka
person who leaves a military or naval unit

desertification /dɪˌzɜː.tɪ.fɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/ /dɪˌzɝ.tɪ.fɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/ n
pustynnienie
process by which a region becomes a desert

desertion /dɪˈzɜːʃən/ /dɪˈzɝʃən/ n
dezercja opuszczenie
deserting

deserve /dəˈzɝv/ /dɪˈzɜːv/ /dɪˈzɝv/ v
zasługiwać zasłużyć
to merit

deservedly /dɪˈzɜːvɪdli/ adv
zasłużenie
in a manner that is deserved

desideratum /-ˈɹeɪ-/ /-ˌzɪ-/ /dəˌsɪdəˈɹɑtəm/ /dɪˌsɪdəˈɹɑːtəm/ [-ɾəm] n
dezyderat
something wished for, or considered desirable

design /dɪˈzaɪn/ n
design dizajn krój wzór
appearance
design wzornictwo
art of designing
kompozycja
composition
projekt plan abrys
plan
wzór motyw
pattern
zamiar zamysł
intention

design /dɪˈzaɪn/ v
projektować
to plan an artwork etc.

design pattern n
wzorzec projektowy
general solution to a variety of similar problems

designation /dɛzɪɡˈneɪʃən/ n
desygnacja
selection and appointment for a purpose, allotment
use or application
oznaczenie
distinguishing mark or name

designer /dɪˈzaɪnɚ/ n
projektant projektantka
person who designs

designer drug n
dopalacz
modified drug

designer stubble n
modnie krótki zarost
a fashionable short growth of male facial hair

desirable /dɪˈzaɪəɹəbəl/ [dɪˈzaɪ(j)əɹəbəɫ] adj
pożądany
suitable to be desired

desire /diˈzaɪɚ/ /diˈzaɪɹ/ /dɪˈzaɪə/ /dɪˈzaɪɚ/ /dɪˈzaɪɹ/ n
pożądanie
strong attraction
pragnienie pożądanie
something wished for

desire /diˈzaɪɚ/ /diˈzaɪɹ/ /dɪˈzaɪə/ /dɪˈzaɪɚ/ /dɪˈzaɪɹ/ v
pożądać pragnąć
want emotionally or sexually
wish for earnestly

desist /dɪˈsɪst/ /dɪˈzɪst/ v
zaprzestać
to cease to proceed or act

desk /dɛsk/ n
biurko
table for writing and reading

desktop /ˈdɛsktɒp/ [ˈdɛsk.ˌtɑp] [ˈdɛsk.ˌtɒp] [ˈdɛsk.ˌtɔp] n
blat biurka
the top surface of a desk
pulpit biurko
on-screen background

desktop computer /ˈdɛsktɒpˌkəmˈpjuːtə/ n
blaszak
a computer of a size designed to be used on a desk

desman /ˈdɛsmən/ n
chochoł desman wychuchol
insectivore of the mole family

desmo- prefix
desmo-

despair /dɪˈspɛə(ɹ)/ /dɪˈspɛɚ/ n
rozpacz beznadzieja
loss of hope

despair /dɪˈspɛə(ɹ)/ /dɪˈspɛɚ/ v
rozpaczać
to be hopeless
to despair of

desperate /ˈdɛsp(ə)ɹət/ n
zdesperowany
filled with despair

desperate times call for desperate measures proverb
tonący brzytwy się chwyta
in adverse circumstances, actions that might have been rejected may become the best choice

despicable /dɪˈspɪkəbəl/ /ˈdɛspɪkəbəl/ adj
nikczemny
deserving to be despised

despise /dɪˈspaɪz/ v
pogardzać gardzić
to regard with contempt or scorn

despite /dɪˈspaɪt/ preposition
pomimo mimo wbrew naprzekór

despite that conjunction
mimo tego, że mimo to, że

despondency n
beznadzieja zniechęcenie
loss of hope or confidence
zniechęcenie zwątpienie
a feeling of depression or disheartenment

despot /ˈdɛs.pɒt/ /ˈdɛs.pət/ /ˈdɛz.pɒt/ n
despota
ruler with absolute power; tyrant

despotic /disˈpɒt.ɪk/ /dəˈspɒt.ɪk/ /dɛsˈpɑt.ɪk/ /dɛsˈpɒt.ɪk/ adj
despotyczny
acting or ruling as a despot
of or pertaining to a despot

despotism /ˈdɛspətɪzəm/ n
despotyzm
government by a singular authority

dessert /dɪˈzɜːt/ /dɪˈzɝt/ n
deser
sweet confection served as the last course of a meal

dessertspoon n
łyżeczka
spoon
unit of measure
volume

destabilization n
destabilizacja
destabilizing

destabilize /diːˈsteɪbɪlaɪz/ v
destabilizować się zdestabilizować się
to become unstable
destabilizować zdestabilizować
to make something unstable

destalinization n
destalinizacja
process of discrediting and the reforming the policies of Joseph Stalin

destination /dɛstɪˈneɪʃən/ n
cel
the place set for the end of a journey, or to which something is sent

destitute /ˈdɛstɪtjuːt/ /ˈdɛstɪtuːt/ /ˈdɛstɪtʃuːt/ adj
pozbawiony
lacking something, devoid; poor, impoverished, poverty-stricken

destroy /dɪˈstɹɔɪ/ v
miażdżyć zmiażdżyć
(informal) to utterly defeat
niszczyć zniszczyć rujnować zrujnować
to damage beyond use or repair
rujnować zrujnować
to cause destruction

destroyer /dəˈstɹɔɪ.ɚ/ n
niszczyciel
type of warship
niszczyciel niszczycielka
that who/which destroys

destruction /dɪsˈtɹʌkʃən/ n
destrukcja niszczenie zniszczenie
act of destroying
niszczenie destrukcja zniszczenie
results of a destructive event

destructive /dɪˈstɹʊktɪv/ /dɪˈstɹʌktɪv/ adj
destrukcyjny
causing destruction; damaging

destructor n
destruktor
cleaning-up commands in object oriented programming

desuetude /-tʃuːd/ /dəˈsuəˌtud/ /dɪˈs(j)uːɪtjuːd/ /ˈdɛswəˌt(j)ud/ /ˈdɛswɪtjuːd/ n
desuetudo
state when something is no longer observed nor practised; an instance of this

desultory /ˈdɛs.əl.t(ə).ɹi/ /ˈdɛs.əlˌtɔɹ.i/ /ˈdɛz.əl.t(ə).ɹi/ /ˈdɛz.əlˌtɔɹ.i/ adj
bezładny chaotyczny nieporządny
jumping, or passing, from one thing or subject to another, without order or rational connection

detached house n
dom jednorodzinny dom wolnostojący
free-standing family dwelling unit

detail /dɪˈteɪl/ /ˈditeɪl/ /ˈdiːteɪl/ n
szczegół
part considered trivial enough to ignore
uncountable: a profusion of details
szczegół detal drobnostka
part small enough to escape casual notice

detailed /dɪˈteɪld/ /ˈdiːteɪld/ adj
szczegółowy dokładny drobiazgowy
characterized by attention to detail and thoroughness of treatment

detain /dɪˈteɪn/ v
zatrzymać zatrzymywać
put under custody

detect /dɪˈtɛkt/ v
wykrywać wykryć
to discover or find by careful search, examination, or probing

detectable /dɪˈtɛktəbəɫ/ adj
odczuwalny wykrywalny
That which can be detected

detection /dɪˈtek.ʃən/ /dɪˈtɛk.ʃən/ n
detekcja wykrycie wykrywanie
act of detecting or sensing something

detective /dɪˈtɛktɪv/ n
detektyw
person employed to find information
detektyw oficer śledczy śledczy
police officer who looks for evidence

detector /dɪˈtɛktə(ɹ)/ n
detektor wykrywacz
device capable of registering a specific substance or physical phenomenon

detention /dɪˈtɛnʃən/ n
detencja
act or state
dzierżenie
holding in one's control with no intention to possess

detergent /dɪˈtɜːdʒənt/ n
detergent
any non-soap cleaning agent, especially a synthetic surfactant

deteriorate /dəˈtɪɹ.i.eɪt/ /dəˈtɪɹ.iə.ɹeɪt/ /dɪˈtɪə.ɹɪ.eɪt/ /dɪˈtɪə.ɹɪə.ɹeɪt/ v
pogarszać pogorszyć
make worse
pogorszyć się pogarszać się
grow worse

deterioration /dəˌti.ɹi.əˈɹeɪ.ʃən/ /dəˌtiɹiˈeɪʃən/ /dɪˌtɪəɹɪəˈɹeɪʃən/ /dɪˌtɪəɹɪˈeɪʃən/ n
pogorszenie
process of making or growing worse

determinant /dɪˈtɜːmɪnənt/ /dɪˈtɝmɪnənt/ n
wyznacznik
scalar that encodes certain characteristics of a square matrix
determining factor

determination /dɪˌtɜːmɪˈneɪʃən/ n
determinacja
(law, otherwise obsolete) bringing to an end; termination; limit
quality of mind which reaches definite conclusions; decisive character; resoluteness
określenie ustalenie
act of determining, or the state of being determined

determine /dɪˈtɜːmɪn/ /dɪˈtɝmɪn/ v
określać
to set the limits of
ustalać ustalić
to ascertain definitely

determined /dɪˈtɜːmɪnd/ /dɪˈtɝmɪnd/ adj
zdecydowany zdeterminowany
decided or resolute

determiner /dɪˈtɜː.mɪ.nə(ɹ)/ /dɪˈtɝ.mɪ.nɚ/ n
określnik
class of words

determinism /dɪˈtɜːmɪnɪzəm/ n
determinizm
notion in ethics

deterministic /dɪˌtɜː.mɪˈnɪs.tɪk/ /dɪˌtɝ.mɪˈnɪs.tɪk/ adj
deterministyczny
computing, producing the same output for a given input
having exactly predictable time evolution
of a Turing machine
of or relating to determinism

detest /dɪˈtɛst/ v
nienawidzić nie cierpieć
to dislike intensely

dethronement n
detronizacja
the act of being dethroned

detonation /dɛtəˈneɪʃən/ n
detonacja
an explosion
mechanical engineering: engine knocking, a type of improper combustion in gasoline piston engines

detonator /ˈdɛt.ə.neɪ.tə(ɹ)/ /ˈdɛtn̩eɪ.tə(ɹ)/ n
detonator
device used to detonate an explosive device

detour /ˈdi.toɹ/ /ˈdiː.tɔː(ɹ)/ /ˈdiː.tʊə(ɹ)/ n
objazd nadłożenie drogi
diversion or deviation

detox /ˈdiːtɒks/ n
detoks
detoxification

detoxication n
detoks detoksykacja
treatment

detoxify v
odtruwać odtruć
remove harmful substances

detrain /ˈdi.tɹeɪn/ v
wysiadać wysiąść
(intransitive) to exit from a train; to disembark

detritus /dɪˈtɹaɪ.təs/ n
detrytus
biology: organic waste material
geology: pieces of rock broken off

deuce /djuːs/ /duːs/ n
diabeł licho
Devil, used in exclamations of confusion or anger

deuce /djuːs/ /duːs/ /d͡ʒuːs/ n
bobek
number two
dwójka
cast of dice totalling two
playing card
dwójka tuz
side of a dice with two spots
równowaga
tennis: tie, both players able to win by scoring two additional points

deus ex machina /ˈdeɪ.əs ɛks ˈmækɪnə/ n
deus ex machina
contrived plot resolution
contrived solution to a problem

deuteragonist /ˌdju.təˈɹæɡ.ə.nɪst/ /ˌduː.təˈɹæɡ.ə.nɪst/ n
deuteragonista
second actor
second most important character

deuterium /djuːˈtɪəɹɪəm/ /djuːˈtɪɹi.əm/ /dʒuːˈtɪəɹɪəm/ n
deuter
isotope of hydrogen

deuteron n
deuteron
deuterium nucleus

deutoxide /djuːˈtɒksaɪd/ n
dwutlenek
the chemical compound

devaluation n
dewaluacja
depreciation

devalue /diːˈvæljuː/ v
dewaluować
lower value of something
lose value

devastate /ˈdɛvəsteɪt/ v
dewastować zdewastować
to ruin many or all things over a large area

devastated adj
zdemolowany zniszczony zruinowany
ruined, ravaged
zdruzgotany
upset and shocked

devastation /ˌdɛ.vəˈsteɪ.ʃən/ n
dewastacja
act of devastating or state of being devastated

develop /dɛˈʋɛ.ləp/ /dɪˈvɛl.əp/ /ˈdɛʋ.ləp/ v
rozwinąć się rozwijać się
to progress
wypracować rozwijać
to create
wywołać
to bring out photographic images

developed /dɪˈvɛləpt/ adj
rozwinięty
(of a country) not primitive; not third world
mature

developed country n
kraj rozwinięty
country with an advanced economy

developer /dɪˈvɛləpə(ɹ)/ /dɪˈvɛləpɚ/ n
deweloper
real estate developer
deweloper programista programistka
software programmer
wywoływacz
liquid used in chemical film processing

developing country n
kraj rozwijający się
poorer country

development /dɪˈvɛləpmənt/ n
rozwój
process of developing
something which has developed

developmental adj
rozwojowy
related to development

deverbal adj
odczasownikowy
derived from a verb

deviationist n
dysydent
One who deviates from accepted beliefs or policies

device /dəˈvaɪs/ /dɪˈvaɪs/ n
urządzenie aparat przyrząd
piece of equipment

device driver n
sterownik urządzenia
software that communicates between operating system and hardware

devil /ˈdɛvəl/ /ˈdɛvɪl/ n
diabeł
euphemistically, with an article: Hell (as an intensifier)
bad part of the conscience
person, especially a man; used to express a particular opinion of him
diabeł czart bies ciort czort kaduk
evil creature

devil /ˈdɛvəl/ /ˈdɛvɪl/ pn
diabeł szatan
the devil: the chief devil

devil is in the details proverb
diabeł tkwi w szczegółach
specific provisions of something may be complicated

devil take the hindmost phraseologicalUnit
każdy zajmuje się sobą

devil's advocate n
adwokat diabła
canon lawyer
adwokat diabła promotor wiary
debater

devil-may-care adj
beztroski niefrasobliwy luzacki
carefree

devilish /ˈdɛvəlɪʃ/ /ˈdɛvɪlɪʃ/ adj
diabelski diaboliczny
resembling or characteristic of a devil

devious /ˈdiːvi.əs/ adj
podstępny przebiegły

devoicing n
ubezdźwięcznienie

devolution /diːvəˈluːʃən/ n
dewolucja
a transfer of power

devolve /dɪˈvɒɫv/ v
przekazać przenieść
to delegate something to someone else

devote /dɪˈvoʊt/ /dɪˈvəʊt/ v
angażować poświęcać poświęcić zaangażować
to commit for a certain matter

devotee /ˌdɛvəˈtiː/ n
entuzjasta entuzjastka wielbiciel wielbicielka
admirer

devotion /dɪˈvoʊʃən/ /dɪˈvəʊʃən/ n
modlitwa
ecclesiastical: a prayer
oddanie przywiązanie
feelings of strong or fervent affection; dedication
pobożność
religious veneration, zeal, or piety
poświęcenie
the act or state of devoting or being devoted

devour /dɪˈvaʊə(ɹ)/ /dɪˈvaʊɚ/ v
pożerać pożreć
to eat greedily

dew /djuʊ̯/ /djuː/ /du/ /d͡ʒuʊ̯/ /d͡ʒuː/ n
rosa
moisture in the air that settles on plants, etc

dewberry /ˈdjuː.b(ə.)ɹi/ /ˈduˌbɛɹ.i/ /ˈd͡ʒuː.b(ə.)ɹi/ /ˈd͡ʒʉː.b(ə.)ɹi/ n
jeżyna popielica
Rubus caesius

dewclaw n
wilczy pazur
a vestigial digit, hoof or claw that does not reach the ground

dewesternization n
odczynienie westernizacji

dewesternize v
odczyniać westernizacji odczynić westernizacji

dewlap /ˈdju.læp/ /ˈdjuː.læp/ /ˈdu.læp/ n
podgardle łałok
pendulous skin under the neck of an ox, or a similar feature on any other animal

dewy /ˈdjuː.i/ /ˈduː.i/ /ˈd͡ʒuː.i/ adj
mokry
bearing droplets of water
pokryty rosą zroszony
covered by dew

dexterity /dɛksˈtɛɹɪti/ n
zręczność zwinność
skill in performing tasks, especially with the hands

dexterous /ˈdɛkstɹəs/ adj
gibki zręczny
agile; flexible
umiejętny zręczny
skillful with one's hands
wprawny zręczny
skillful in some specific thing

dexterously /ˈdɛkst(ə)ɹəsli/ adv
zręcznie
in a dexterious manner

dextrin /ˈdɛkstɹɪn/ n
dekstryna
polymers of glucose

dharma /d̪ʱəɾm/ /ˈdɑɹ.mə/ /ˈdɑːmə/ /ˈd̪ʱəɾ.mə/ n
dharma
principle that orders the universe
teachings of the Buddha

dhole /doʊl/ /dəʊl/ n
cyjon
Asian wild dog

di- /daɪ/ prefix
di- dy-
two, twice, double

dia- prefix
dia-

diabase /ˈdaɪ.əˌbeɪs/ n
diabaz doleryt
a fine-grained igneous rock

diabetes /ˌdaɪəˈbiːtiːz/ /ˌdaɪəˈbiːtɪs/ n
cukrzyca
A group of metabolic diseases

diabetes insipidus n
moczówka prosta
Disease

diabetes mellitus /ˈmɛlɨtəs/ /ˌdaɪəˈbiːtiːz/ /ˌdaɪəˈbiːtɪs/ /ˌməˈlaɪtəs/ n
cukrzyca
medical disorder

diabetology n
diabetologia
the study of the diagnosis and treatment of diabetes

diachrony /daɪˈækɹəni/ n
diachronia diachroniczność
study of change

diacritical mark n
znak diakrytyczny
symbol

diadem /ˈdaɪ.ə.dəm/ /ˈdaɪ.ə.dɛm/ n
diadem
ornamental headband

diaeresis /daɪˈɛɹəsɪs/ /daɪˈɛɹɪsɪs/ /daɪˈɪəɹɪsɪs/ n
diereza dwie kropki umlaut
diacritic placed over a vowel letter

diagnose /ˈdaɪ.əɡˌnoʊs/ /ˈdʌɪ.əɡˌnəʊz/ /ˌdaɪ.əɡˈnoʊs/ /ˌdʌɪ.əɡˈnəʊz/ v
diagnozować
determine the root cause of

diagnosis /daɪəɡˈnəʊsɪs/ n
diagnoza rozpoznanie
identification of the nature and cause of an illness

diagnostic /daɪəˈɡnɒstɪk/ adj
diagnostyczny
of, or relating to diagnosis

diagonal /daɪˈæɡnəl/ /daɪˈæɡənəl/ /dɑɪˈæɡ.ə.nəl/ adj
diagonalny przekątny skośny
geometry: joining two nonadjacent vertices

diagonal /daɪˈæɡnəl/ /daɪˈæɡənəl/ /dɑɪˈæɡ.ə.nəl/ n
diagonal diagonala
geometry: diagonal line or plane

diagonal matrix n
macierz diagonalna
type of matrix

diagonalizable adj
diagonalizowalny
able to be diagnolized

diagonally /ˈdaɪ.æɡ.nə.li/ /ˈdaɪ.æɡ.ən.ə.li/ adv
diagonalnie
in a diagonal manner

diagram /ˈdaɪ.ə.ɡɹæm/ /ˈdaɪ.ɡɹæm/ n
diagram
graph or chart
plan, drawing, sketch or outline to show workings or parts relationships

dial /ˈdaɪ.əl/ [ˈdaɪ.əɫ] n
tarcza
disk with finger holes on a telephone
graduated, circular scale over which a needle moves

dial /ˈdaɪ.əl/ [ˈdaɪ.əɫ] v
wybrać wykręcić
to select a number, or to call someone, on a telephone

dialect /ˈdaɪ.əˌlɛkt/ n
dialekt narzecze gwara
particular variety of a language

dialectal /ˌdaɪəˈlɛktəl/ adj
dialektalny dialektowy dialektyczny
relating to a dialect
dialektalny gwarowy
peculiar to a dialect

dialectally adv
dialektycznie
in a dialectal way

dialectical adj
dialektyczny
pertaining to dialectics

dialectical behavior therapy n
terapia dialektyczno-behawioralna
psychotherapeutic approach

dialectical materialism n
materializm dialektyczny
branch of philosophy

dialectically adv
dialektycznie
in a dialectical manner

dialectician /ˌdaɪəlɛkˈtɪʃn/ /ˌdaɪəlɛkˈtɪʃən/ /ˌdʌɪəlɛkˈtɪʃn/ n
dialektyk

dialecticism n
dialektyzm gwaryzm
dialectal word

dialectics /daɪəˈlɛktɪks/ n
dialektyka
systematic method of argument

dialectological adj
dialektologiczny gwaroznawczy

dialectologist n
dialektolog gwaroznawca
Translations

dialectology n
dialektologia gwaroznawstwo
study of dialects

dialogue /ˈdaɪəlɒɡ/ /ˈdaɪəˌlɑɡ/ /ˈdaɪəˌlɔɡ/ n
dialog konwersacja rozmowa
conversation or other discourse between individuals

diamagnetic /daɪəmæɡˈnɛtɪk/ adj
diamagnetyczny
exhibiting diamagentism

diamagnetism n
diamagnetyzm
weak form of magnetism

diameter /daɪˈæmɪtə(ɹ)/ /daɪˈæmɪtɚ/ [-mɪɾɚ] n
średnica
line
length of this line

diametrically /ˌdaɪ.ə.ˈmɛt.ɹɪk.li/ adv
diametralnie
on exactly the opposite side

diamond /ˈdaɪ.(ə.)mənd/ adj
brylantowa
of, relating to, or being a seventy-fifth anniversary
diamentowa
of, relating to, or being a sixtieth anniversary
diamentowy
made of, or containing diamond

diamond /ˈdaɪ.(ə.)mənd/ n
diament
gemstone
uncountable: mineral
something that resembles a diamond
diament karo poduszka
card games: card of the diamonds suit

diamond anniversary n
diamentowe gody diamentowe wesele
60th/75th anniversary

diamond in the rough n
nieoszlifowany diament
person with hidden qualities

diamonds /ˈdaɪ(ə)məndz/ n
karo
one of the four suits of playing cards, marked with the symbol ♦

diaper /ˈdaɪ(ə)pə/ /ˈdaɪ(ə)pɚ/ n
pielucha pieluszka pampers
absorbent garment worn by a baby, or by someone who is incontinent

diaphanous /daɪˈæf.ən.əs/ adj
ażurowy
transparent; allowing light to pass through

diaphanously adv
ażurowo przezroczyście

diaphragm /ˈdaɪəˌfɹæm/ n
blenda
optics: structure with a central aperture used to limit the passage of light
membrana
acoustics: vibrating membrane in a speaker
przepona
anatomy: sheet of muscle separating thorax from abdomen

diaphragmless adj
bezprzeponowy

diapositive n
diapozytyw
photography: slide

diarchy n
diarchia
form of government

diarrhea /ˌdaɪ.əˈɹiː.ə/ n
biegunka rozwolnienie sraczka
medical condition
watery excrement

diary /ˈdaɪ.ə.ɹi/ /ˈdaɪ.ɹi/ n
dziennik pamiętnik dzienniczek
daily log of experiences

diaspora /daɪˈæs.pə.ɹə/ /daɪˈæs.pɚ.ə/ /daɪˈæs.pɹə/ /diˈæs.pɚ.ə/ /diˈæs.pɹə/ n
diaspora
dispersion of any group of people

diathermic adj
diatermiczny

diathermy n
diatermia
generation of heat using high-frequency electromagnetic currents

diatom /ˈdaɪ.ə.təm/ /ˈdaɪ.əˌtɔm/ n
okrzemka
grouping of minute algae

diatonic adj
diatoniczny
diatonic

diazepam /daɪˈæz.əˌpæm/ /dʌɪˈaz.ɪ.pam/ /dʌɪˈeɪ.zɪ.pam/ n
diazepam relanium
minor tranquillizer

dibber n
sadzak
tool

dibble /ˈdɪb(ə)l/ n
sadzak
pointed implement

dibbler n
sadzak
A device for making holes in which to plant seeds.
sorkołaz okularowy
Parantechinus apicalis

dibenzodioxin n
dibenzodioksyna
aromatic heterocycle having two benzene rings fused to a dioxin one

dice /daɪs/ v
kroić w kostkę
to cut into small cubes

dichotomous /daɪˈkɑ.tə.məs/ /daɪˈkɒt.ə.məs/ /dɑɪˈkɔt.ə.məs/ [daɪˈkɑ.ɾə.məs] [dɑɪˈkɔɾ.ə.məs] adj
dwudzielny dychotomiczny
dividing or branching into two pieces

dichotomy /daɪˈkɑtəmi/ /daɪˈkɒtəmi/ /dɪ-/ [-ɾə-] n
dychotomia
separation or division into two

dick /dɪk/ n
dupek
highly contemptible person
fiut kutas chuj pała pyta wał
penis

dick-measuring contest n
konkurs męskości
competition to demonstrate worthiness

dickhead /ˈdɪ.kɛd/ /ˈdɪkˌhɛd/ n
chujogłowy chujoza
(slang) stupid person

dickpic /ˈdɪkˌpɪk/ n
dickpic
photograph of a penis

dickwad n
pojeb popierdoleniec szajbus zjeb
(vulgar, slang) A contemptible person; a fool

dicotyledon n
dwuliścienne
in botany

dictate /ˈdɪkˌteɪt/ /ˌdɪkˈteɪt/ v
dyktować podyktować
to speak in order for someone to write down the words
to order, command, control

dictation /dɪkˈteɪʃən/ n
dyktando
an activity in school where the teacher reads a passage aloud and the students write it down

dictation machine n
dyktafon
sound recording device

dictator /dɪkˈteɪtə(ɹ)/ /ˈdɪkteɪtəɹ/ n
dyktator dyktatorka
totalitarian leader of a dictatorship

dictatorial [dɪktəˈtɔːɹɪəɫ] adj
dyktatorski
of or pertaining to a dictator

dictatorship /dɪkˈteɪtə(ɹ)ʃɪp/ /ˈdɪkteɪtəɹʃɪp/ n
dyktatura
a government led by a dictator

dictatorship of the proletariat n
dyktatura proletariatu
a socio-political power

diction /ˈdɪkʃən/ n
dykcja
clarity of word choice

dictionaric /ˈdɪkʃənˌæɹɪk/ /ˈdɪkʃənˌɛɹɪk/ adj
słownikowy
Of or pertaining to a dictionary

dictionary /ˈdɪkʃnəɹi/ /ˈdɪkʃənəɹi/ /ˈdɪkʃənɹi/ /ˈdɪkʃəˌnɛɹi/ n
słownik leksykon dykcjonarz mównik wokabularz
publication that explains the meanings of an ordered list of words

dictionary attack n
atak słownikowy
An attack that uses a list of words from a dictionary

dictionary form n
forma słownikowa

didactician /daɪdəkˈtɪʃən/ n
dydaktyk

didukh n
diduch
a Ukrainian Christmas sheaf of wheat used in rituals around Christmas and Epiphany traditionally believed to contain ancestor spirits

die /daɪ/ n
kość kostka
polyhedron used in games of chance
matryca
device for cutting into a specified shape

die /daɪ/ v
umrzeć umierać konać zdychać dogorywać ginąć
to stop living

die down v
ucichać ucichnąć
to become less virulent

die hard v
być opornym na zmiany
be slow in changing

die out v
wymierać wymrzeć
to become extinct

die prematurely v
umierać przedwcześnie umrzeć przedwcześnie

diegetic /ˌdaɪəˈd͡ʒɛtɪk/ adj
diegetyczny

dielectric /ˌdaɪ.əˈlɛk.tɹɪk/ /ˌdaɪ.ɪˈlɛk.tɹɪk/ n
dielektryk
physics: nonconducting material

diencephalon /ˌdaɪənˈsɛfəlɒn/ n
międzymózgowie
region of the human brain

diesel /ˈdisəl/ /ˈdizəl/ /ˈdiːzəl/ n
diesel
vehicle
diesel ropa
fuel

diesel engine n
silnik wysokoprężny silnik o zapłonie samoczynnym
type of engine

diesel multiple unit n
spalinowy zespół trakcyjny
diesel multiple unit

diet /ˈdaɪət/ n
dieta
controlled regimen of food
food a person or animal consumes

dietary /ˈdaɪətɹi/ /ˈdaɪəˌtɛɹi/ adj
dietetyczny
of, or relating to diet

dietary fibre n
błonnik
substances undigested when eaten by humans, and which therefore help the passage of food and waste through the alimentary tract

dietary supplement n
suplement diety
substance taken as a supplement to food to replace nutrients

dietetic /daɪəˈtɛtɪk/ adj
dietetyczny
relating to diet
relating to preparation for those on a restricted diet

dietetics /daɪəˈtɛtɪks/ n
dietetyka
study of diet and nutrition

dietitian /daɪəˈtɪʃən/ n
dietetyk
person who studies or practices dietetics

differ /ˈdɪfə/ /ˈdɪfɚ/ v
mieć inne zdanie nie zgadzać się
to have diverging opinions, disagree
różnić się
not to have the same characteristics

difference /ˈdɪf(ə)ɹəns/ n
różnica
quality of being different
arithmetic: result of a subtraction
characteristic of something that makes it different from something else

different /ˈdɪfəɹ(ə)nt/ /ˈdɪfəɹənt/ /ˈdɪfɹənt/ adj
inny odmienny niezwykły rozmaity
unlike most others
inny różny
not the same

differentiable /ˌdɪf.ə(ɹ)ˈɛn.ʃə.bəl/ adj
różniczkowalny
having a derivative

differential [dɪfəˈɹənʃəɫ] adj
różnicowy
relating to a difference
różniczkowy
relating to differentiation or differential calculus

differential [dɪfəˈɹənʃəɫ] n
różniczka
infinitesimal change

differential calculus n
rachunek różniczkowy
calculus that deals with instantaneous rates of change

differential equation n
równanie różniczkowe
equation involving the derivatives of a function

differential geometry n
geometria różniczkowa
differential geometry

differentially adv
dyferencjalnie
(mathematics)

differentiate /dɪf.əˈɹen.ʃi.æɪt/ /dɪf.əˈɹɛn.ʃi.eɪt/ /ˌdɪf.əˈɹɛn.ʃi.eɪt/ v
odróżniać odróżnić
to perceive the difference
różnicować zróżnicować
to modify, be modified
różniczkować
math: to calculate the derivative
math: to calculate the differential
różnić się
to show or be the distinction

differentiation /dɪf.əˌɹen.ʃiˈæɪ.ʃən/ /dɪf.əˌɹɛn.ʃiˈeɪ.ʃən/ /ˌdɪf.əˌɹɛn.ʃiˈeɪ.ʃən/ n
dyferencjacja
separation of magma
dyferencjacja polaryzacja
act of differentiating
rozróżnienie
act of distinguishing or describing a thing, by giving its different, or specific difference
różniczkowanie
in calculus

differently /ˈdɪfəɹəntli/ /ˈdɪfɹəntli/ adv
inaczej
in a different way

difficult /ˈdɪfɪkəlt/ adj
trudny ciężki
hard, not easy

difficulty /ˈdɪfɪkəlti/ n
trudność
state of being difficult
obstacle

difficulty level n
poziom trudności
difficulty of completing a task or objective

diffraction /dɪˈfɹækʃən/ n
dyfrakcja
the breaking up of an electromagnetic wave as it passes a geometric structure

diffusion /dɪˈfjuːʒən/ n
dyfuzja
in physics, intermingling of molecules
rozprzestrzenianie
in physics, scattering of light

difluoride /daɪˈflɔːɹaɪd/ n
dwufluorek
any chloride containing two fluorine atoms in each molecule

dig /dɪɡ/ n
wykopalisko
archeological investigation

dig /dɪɡ/ v
kopać wykopywać ryć
to move hard-packed earth out of the way
wykopać
get by digging, take up from the ground

dig a hole for oneself v
kręcić na siebie bicz ukręcić na siebie bicz

dig in v
okopać się okopywać się
dig trenches

dig one's own grave v
[[wykopać grób|wykopać sobie/swój własny grób]] [[wykopywać grób|wykopywać sobie/swój własny grób]]
to act in a way expected to backfire

digamma /daɪˈɡæmə/ n
digamma
letter of the Archaic Greek alphabet

digest /daɪˈd͡ʒɛst/ /dəˈd͡ʒɛst/ v
trawić
to separate food in the alimentary canal

digestedness n
stopień trawienia

digestion /daɪˈd͡ʒɛst͡ʃən/ /dɪˈd͡ʒɛst͡ʃən/ n
trawienie
process in gastrointestinal tract

digger /ˈdɪɡə/ /ˈdɪɡɚ/ n
kopacz
one who digs

digit /ˈdɪd͡ʒɪt/ n
cyfra
numeral
palec
finger or toe

digital /ˈdɪd͡ʒɪtl̩/ adj
cyfrowy
of or relating to computers
representing discrete values
palcowy cyfrowy
having to do or performed with a finger

digital camera n
aparat cyfrowy cyfrówka
electronic camera

digital nomad n
cyfrowa nomadka cyfrowy nomada
someone who earns a living from telecommunication technology

digital nomadism n
cyfrowy nomadyzm

digitalis /dɪdʒɪˈtɑːlɪs/ /dɪd͡ʒɪˈteɪlɪs/ /dɪd͡ʒɪˈtælɪs/ n
naparstnica
genus

digitization n
digitalizacja dygitalizacja
conversion of data to digital

digitoxin n
digitoksyna

dignified /ˈdɪɡnɪfaɪd/ adj
godny dostojny
respectable

dignity /ˈdɪɡnɪti/ n
dostojeństwo dostojność
high office or rank
godność
quality or state

digon /ˈdaɪɡən/ /ˈdaɪˌɡɑn/ /ˈdaɪˌɡɒn/ n
dwukąt
polygon having two edges and two vertices

digraph /ˈdaɪɡɹæf/ /ˈdaɪɡɹɑːf/ n
dwuznak
pair of letters

digression /daɪˈɡɹɛʃən/ /dɪˈɡɹɛʃən/ /dʌɪˈɡɹɛʃən/ n
dygresja wtrącenie
a departure from the main subject in speech or writing

dihectagon n
200[[kąt|-okąt]]
geometry

dihydrogen monoxide /daɪˈhaɪdɹədʒ(ə)n məˈnɒksaɪd/ /daɪˈhaɪdɹədʒən məˈnɑkˌsaɪd/ n
monotlenek diwodoru
water, H₂O

dilapidate /dəˈlæp.ə.deɪt/ /dɪˈlæp.ɪ.deɪt/ v
popaść w ruinę
to fall into ruin or disuse
roztrwonić
to squander or waste
zrujnować
to cause to become ruined or put into disrepair

dilatable adj
rozciągliwy rozszerzalny
that can be dilated

dilate /daɪˈleɪt/ v
rozszerzać się rozszerzyć się
to become wider or larger; to expand
rozszerzać rozszerzyć
to enlarge; to make bigger

dilatoriness n
opieszałość
the state or quality of being dilatory

dildo /ˈdɪldoʊ/ /ˈdɪldəʊ/ [ˈdɪɫdoʊ] [ˈdɪɫdəʊ] n
dildo jebadło
artificial phallus

dilemma /daɪˈlɛmə/ /dɪˈlɛmə/ n
dylemat
circumstance in which a choice must be made between two alternatives
difficult circumstance
in logic

dilettante /dɪləˈtɒnti/ /dɪlɪˈtænti/ /ˈdɪlɪˌtænt/ /ˈdɪlɪˌtɑnt/ /ˌdɪlɪˈtænt/ /ˌdɪlɪˈtɑnt/ /ˌdɪlɪˈtɑnteɪ/ adj
amatorski
pertaining to or like a dilettante

dilettante /dɪləˈtɒnti/ /dɪlɪˈtænti/ /ˈdɪlɪˌtænt/ /ˈdɪlɪˌtɑnt/ /ˌdɪlɪˈtænt/ /ˌdɪlɪˈtɑnt/ /ˌdɪlɪˈtɑnteɪ/ n
amator amatorka
person with a general but superficial interest
dyletant amator amatorka dyletantka
someone who dabbles

dilettantish adj
dyletancki
amateurish

dilettantism n
amatorstwo amatorszczyzna
the act of behaving like a dilettante, of being an amateur

diligence /ˈdɪlɪdʒəns/ n
dyliżans
public stage-coach
pracowitość pilność
qualities of a hard worker, including conscientiousness, determination, perseverance

diligent /ˈdɪlɪdʒənt/ adj
pilny
hard-working and focused

diligently adv
pilnie
in a diligent manner

dill /dɪl/ n
koper koperek koper ogrodowy
herb of the species Anethum graveolens

dilute /daɪˈljuːt/ /daɪˈlut/ /dɪˈlut/ adj
rozcieńczony
having a low concentration

dilute /daɪˈljuːt/ /daɪˈlut/ /dɪˈlut/ v
rozcieńczać
to add more of a solvent to a solution; especially to add more water

diluted adj
rozcieńczony
having decreased density

dilution /daɪˈljuːʃən/ /daɪˈluʃən/ /dɪˈluʃən/ n
rozcieńczanie
process of making something dilute

diluvial /daɪˈluːvi.əl/ adj
dyluwialny potopowy
Relating to a flood

dim /dɪm/ adj
ciemnawy ciemny przytępiony przyćmiony
not bright, not colourful
ciemny tępy
not smart
niejasny niewyraźny
indistinct

dim /dɪm/ v
ciemnieć mierzchnąć mrocznieć ćmić
to become darker
omroczyć przyciemniać zaćmić ściemniać
to make something less bright

dimension /daɪˈmɛnʃən/ /dɪˈmɛnʃən/ n
wymiar
in physics
in computing
in geometry
in science fiction
measure of spatial extent
single aspect of a thing
construct whereby objects or individuals can be distinguished

dimensional /-ʃnəl/ /daɪ-/ /dɪˈmɛnʃənəl/ adj
wymiarowy
having a stated number of dimensions

dimensionality /daɪˌmɛn.ʃəˈnæl.ə.tɪ/ /daɪˌmɛn.ʃəˈnæl.ɪ.tɪ/ /dɪˌmɛn.ʃəˈnæl.ə.tɪ/ [daɪˌmɛn.ʃəˈnæl.ə.ɾɪ] [dɪˌmɛn.ʃəˈnæl.ə.ɾɪ] n
liczba wymiarów
number of dimensions of something

dimensionless adj
bezwymiarowy
dimensionless

dimer /ˈdaɪmə(ɹ)/ n
dimer
a molecule consisting of two identical halves

dimethylmercury n
dimetylortęć
(CH₃)₂Hg

diminutive /dəˈmɪn.jə.tɪv/ /dɪˈmɪn.jə.tɪv/ /dɪˈmɪn.jʊ.tɪv/ adj
zdrobnienie
grammar

diminutive /dəˈmɪn.jə.tɪv/ /dɪˈmɪn.jə.tɪv/ /dɪˈmɪn.jʊ.tɪv/ n
zdrobnienie
grammar: word form expressing smallness

dimorphic /daɪˈmɔːfɪk/ /ˌdaɪˈmɔɹfɪk/ adj
bimorficzny dymorficzny
exhibiting dimorphism

dimorphism /daɪˈmɔːfɪzəm/ n
dymorfizm
biology: occurrence in an animal species of two distinct types of individual
dymorfizm bimorfizm
biology: occurrence of two distinct forms of any part

dimple /ˈdɪmpəl/ n
dołeczek
skin depression, especially at corners of the mouth

din /dɪn/ n
gwar hałas rumor zgiełk
loud noise

dinar /ˈdiːnɑː(ɹ)/ n
dinar
official currency of several countries

dine /daɪn/ v
jeść kolację jeść obiad obiadować
to eat; to eat dinner or supper

diner /ˈdaɪnə(ɹ)/ n
wagon restauracyjny
a small and inexpensive type of restaurant which may be modelled to resemble a dining car

ding dong /dɪŋ(ɡ)ˈdɒŋ(ɡ)/ interjection
bam bim-bam bim-bam-bom dzyń
onomatopoeia for the sound of a doorbell

dinghy /ˈdɪŋ(ɡ)i/ /ˈdɪŋ.i/ n
bajbot bączek
small boat

dingo /ˈdɪŋɡəʊ/ n
dingo
wild dog native to Australia

dining car n
wagon restauracyjny
restaurant carriage

dining hall n
jadalnia stołówka
room

dining room n
jadalnia
room, in a home or hotel, where meals are eaten

dinitrogen tetroxide n
tetratlenek diazotu
binary compound nitrogen and oxygen, N₂O₄

dinner /ˈdɪnə/ /ˈdɪnəɹ/ [ˈdɪnɚ] n
bankiet
a formal meal
obiad
midday meal
obiad kolacja
main meal of the day

dinner's ready phraseologicalUnit
kolacja (jest) gotowa! kolację podano! obiad (jest) gotowy! obiad podano!

dinosaur /ˈdaɪnəsɔː(ɹ)/ /ˈdʌɪnəsɔːɹ/ n
dinozaur
prehistoric reptile
old-fashioned person or thing

dint /dɪnt/ n
wgięcie
a dent

diocesan /daɪˈɑsɪsən/ /dʌɪˈɒsɪsən/ adj
diecezjalny
pertaining to a diocese

diocesan /daɪˈɑsɪsən/ /dʌɪˈɒsɪsən/ n
diecezjanin
inhabitant of a diocese

diocese /-siz/ /ˈdaɪ.ə.sɪs/ n
diecezja
region administered by a bishop
administrative division of the Roman Empire

diode /ˈdaɪoʊd/ /ˈdaɪəʊd/ n
dioda
electronic device

diol n
diol
organic compound

dioptase n
dioptaz
Mineral

diopter n
dioptria
unit of measure

diorama n
diorama
a three-dimensional display of a scenery

dioxide /daɪˈɒksaɪd/ /ˈdaɪɔksaɪd/ n
dwutlenek
any oxide containing two oxygen atoms in each molecule

dioxin /daɪˈɑksən/ /daɪˈɒksɪn/ n
dioksyna
any of a broad range of toxic or carcinogenic halogenated polycyclic compounds

dip /dɪp/ n
dip
sauce for dipping

diphallia /daɪˈfæli.ə/ n
difalia
condition of two penises

diphtheria /dɪfˈθɪəɹɪə/ /dɪfˈθɪɹi.ə/ /dɪpˈθɪəɹɪə/ /dɪpˈθɪɹi.ə/ n
błonica dyfteria dyfteryt
infectious disease of the upper respiratory tract

diphtherial adj
błonicowy błoniczy

diphthong /ˈdɪfˌθɑŋ/ /ˈdɪfˌθɒŋ(ɡ)/ /ˈdɪfˌθɔŋ/ /ˈdɪpˌθɑŋ/ /ˈdɪpˌθɒŋ(ɡ)/ /ˈdɪpˌθɔŋ/ n
dyftong dwugłoska
complex vowel sound

diplodocus n
diplodok diplodokus
dinosaur

diploma /dɪˈpləʊmə/ n
dyplom świadectwo
certificate

diplomacy /dɪˈploʊməsi/ /dɪˈpləʊməsi/ n
dyplomacja
art of conducting international relations

diplomat /ˈdɪp.lə.mæt/ n
dyplomata dyplomatka
person who is accredited to represent a government

diplomatic /ˌdɪpləˈmætɪk/ adj
dyplomatyczny
concerning relationships between governments
exhibiting diplomacy

diplomatic corps n
korpus dyplomatyczny
body of diplomats

diplomatic immunity n
immunitet dyplomatyczny
diplomat's legal immunity

diplomatics n
dyplomatyka
science of authenticating, dating, and interpreting old official documents

dipole /ˈdaɪˌpoʊl/ /ˈdʌɪpəʊl/ n
dipol
any molecule that has delocalised charges
any object that is oppositely charged at two points

dipped headlight n
światło mijania
main light on a motor vehicle

dipper /ˈdɪpə/ /ˈdɪpɚ/ n
chochla
vessel
pluszcz
bird

diprotic adj
dwuzasadowy
tending to donate or accept two hydrogen ions in solution

dipstick /ˈdɪpstɪk/ n
bagnet
a stick or rod
idiota
a person of inferior intellect

diptych /ˈdɪptɪk/ n
dyptyk
picture or series of pictures painted on two tablets

dipyramid n
bipiramida
geometry

dire /ˈdaɪ̯ə(ɹ)/ adj
straszny poważny
expressing bad consequences

dire straits n
tarapaty
difficult position

direct /d(a)ɪˈɹɛkt/ /daɪ̯əˈɹɛkt/ /dəˈɹɛkt/ v
kierować
to aim at

direct cost n
koszt bezpośredni

direct current n
prąd stały
electric current that always flows in the same direction but may differ in intensity over time

direct debit n
polecenie zapłaty
single order to allow an entity to charge one's account

direct democracy n
demokracja bezpośrednia

direct free kick n
rzut wolny bezpośredni
soccer

direct marketing n
marketing bezpośredni
marketing that reaches customers by direct communication

direct object n
dopełnienie bliższe
the noun a verb is directly acting upon

direct speech n
mowa niepośrednia mowa niezależna
the writing of speech

directed graph n
graf skierowany
type of graphs

direction /d(a)ɪˈɹɛk.ʃən/ n
kierowanie
work of the director (manager)
kierunek
indication of the point toward which an object is moving
reżyseria
work of the director in cinema or theater

directionless adj
bezideowy bezkierunkowy

directionlessly adv
bezideowo bezkierunkowo

directionlessness /dʌɪˈɹɛkʃənləsnəs/ n
bezideowość bezkierunkowość

directive /daɪˈɹɛk.tɪv/ /dəˈɹɛk.tɪv/ /dɪˈɹɛk.tɪv/ n
dyrektywa
authoritative decision
form of legislative act addressed to the EU member states
instruction or guideline

directly /daɪˈɹɛk(t)li/ /dɪˈɹɛk(t)li/ adv
bezpośrednio
in a straightforward way
wprost
in a direct manner

directly proportional adj
wprost proporcjonalny
proportional to a constant multiple of an independent variable

directness n
bezpośredniość

director /daɪˈɹɛktə(ɹ)/ /daɪˈɹɛktɚ/ /daɪ̯əˈɹɛktə(ɹ)/ /dɪˈɹɛktə(ɹ)/ /dɪˈɹɛktɚ/ n
reżyser dyrektor dyrektorka reżyserka
supervisor, manager

directorate /daɪˈɹɛktəɹət/ /dɪˈɹɛktəɹət/ n
dyrekcja dyrektoriat
an agency headed by a director

directory /daɪˈɹɛktəɹi/ /dɪˈɹɛktəɹi/ n
katalog
simulated folder
structured listing of files

directress n
reżyserka
female director

directrix n
kierownica
a line used to define a curve or surface

dirge /dɜːdʒ/ /dɝd͡ʒ/ n
pieśń żałobna
mournful poem or piece of music

dirigible /ˈdɪɹ.ə.d͡ʒə.bəl/ /ˈdɪɹɪdʒəbəɫ/ n
sterowiec
a self-propelled airship that can be steered

dirk /dɜːk/ /dɝk/ n
kordzik
a ceremonial dagger worn by naval officers; formerly, a boarding weapon used by sailors

dirndl /ˈdɜɹnd(ə)l/ /ˈdɜːndl̩/ [ˈdɚndɫ̩] [ˈdɪəndəɫ] n
dirndl
traditional Alpine woman’s dress

dirt /dɜːt/ /dɝt/ n
brud
stain or spot (on clothes etc)
unclean matter
kompromat
previously unknown negative information, kompromat
ziemia
soil or earth

dirt cheap adj
tani jak barszcz
easily affordable

dirt road n
gruntowa droga
an unpaved road consisting solely of subgrade material

dirtball n
brudas brudaska
dirty or sleazy person

dirty /ˈdɜːti/ /ˈdɝti/ [ˈdɝɾi] adj
brudny
covered with or containing dirt
illegal, improper
of color: discolored by impurities
brudzący brudny
that makes one dirty
haniebny brudny
dishonourable, violating standards or rules
sprośny świński nieprzyzwoity
morally unclean, obscene or indecent

dirty /ˈdɜːti/ /ˈdɝti/ [ˈdɝɾi] v
brudzić kalać plamić upaćkać
to make dirty

dirty bomb n
brudna bomba
device containing conventional explosives and radioactive material

dirty laundry n
brudy
unflattering facts or questionable activities

dirty look n
wzrok bazyliszka
unpleasant look

dirty money n
brudne pieniądze
money illegally gained

dirty trick n
świństwo
an unkind trick

dirty word /ˈdɚɾijˌwɝd/ /ˈdɜːtiˌwɜːd/ n
brzydkie słowo
word that is considered vulgar

dis- /dɪs/ prefix
de- dez- od- roz-
reversal or removal

disability /dɪsəˈbɪlɪti/ n
renta
regular payments received by a disabled person

disable /dɪsˈeɪbəl/ /dɪzˈeɪbəl/ v
blokować dezaktywować wyłączać wyłączyć zablokować zdezaktywować
to deactivate a function of an electronic or mechanical device
dezaktywować zdezaktywować
to render unable; to take away the ability

disabled [dɪsˈeɪbəɫd] adj
niepełnosprawny
having a disability
wyłączony zdezaktywowany
made incapable of use or action

disabled [dɪsˈeɪbəɫd] n
inwalida inwalidka
disabled one

disabuse /dɪsəˈbjuːz/ v
wyprowadzać z błędu wyprowadzić z błędu
free of a misconception

disaccharide /daɪˈsækəɹaɪd/ n
disacharyd
a sugar consisting of two monosaccharides

disadvantage /ˌdɪsədˈvæntɪd͡ʒ/ /ˌdɪsədˈvɑːntɪdʒ/ n
niekorzyść
weakness
wada
setback or handicap

disagreement /dɪsəˈɡɹiːmənt/ n
niezgoda spór
an argument or debate

disambiguate /dɪ.samˈbɪɡjuːeɪt/ v
ujednoznaczniać
remove ambiguities

disambiguation /dɪsæmˌbɪɡjuːˈeɪʃən/ n
ujednoznacznienie
removal of ambiguity

disappear /dɪsəˈpiːɹ/ /dɪsəˈpɪə/ /dɪsəˈpɪɹ/ v
porwać porywać
to make vanish
znikać zniknąć
to vanish

disappearance /dɪsəˈpɪəɹəns/ n
zniknięcie
action of disappearing or vanishing

disappoint /dɪsəˈpɔɪnt/ /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnt/ v
rozczarować zawieść
to displease by underperforming etc.

disappointed /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntɪd/ adj
rozczarowany zawiedziony
defeated of hope or expectation

disappointing adj
rozczarowujący
that disappoints or disappoint

disappointment /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntmənt/ n
rozczarowanie zawód
emotion

disapproval /dɪsəˈpɹuvəl/ [dɪsəˈpɹuːvəɫ] n
dezaprobata
disapproval

disapprove /dɪsəˈpɹuːv/ v
odrzucać potępiać skazać
(with of in English) to condemn; to consider wrong or inappropriate
potępiać
to have or express an unfavorable opinion

disarm /dɪsˈɑɹm/ /dɪsˈɑː(ɹ)m/ v
rozbrajać rozbroić
to deprive of arms

disarmament /dɪsˈɑː(r)məmənt/ n
rozbrojenie
the reduction of military forces and armaments

disassembler n
dezasembler
program that translates machine code into assembly language

disaster /dɪˈzæs.tə/ /dɪˈzæs.tɚ/ /dɪˈzɑːs.tə(ɹ)/ n
katastrofa bieda gorze nieszczęście
unexpected catastrophe causing physical damage, etc.

disaster area n
obszar klęski
area that has been declared to suffer of consequences of a disaster

disaster tourism n
turystyka katastroficzna

disaster tourist n
turysta turystyki katastroficznej

disavowal [dɪsəˈvaʊ(ə)ɫ] n
wyparcie się
denial

disband /dɪsˈbænd/ v
rozpuszczać
to break up or cause to cease to exist

disc brake n
hamulec tarczowy
type of brake

disc jockey /ˌdɪsk ˈdʒɒki/ n
didżej DJ didżejka
disc jockey

discalced /dɪsˈkælst/ adj
bosy
pertaining to a religious order that was historically barefoot

discard /dɪsˈkɑɹd/ /dɪsˈkɑːd/ /ˈdɪskɑɹd/ /ˈdɪskɑːd/ v
zrzucić
to throw away, reject

discectomy n
dyskektomia

discern /dɪˈsɜːn/ /dɪˈsɝn/ /dɪˈzɜːn/ /dɪˈzɝn/ v
dostrzec dostrzegać zauważać zauważyć
to detect with the senses, especially with the eyes
rozróżniać rozróżnić
to distinguish something as being different from something else; to differentiate

discharge /dɪsˈtʃɑɹdʒ/ /dɪsˈtʃɑːdʒ/ /ˈdɪstʃɑɹdʒ/ /ˈdɪstʃɑːdʒ/ n
wypis
act of releasing an inpatient from hospital

discharge /dɪsˈtʃɑɹdʒ/ /dɪsˈtʃɑːdʒ/ /ˈdɪstʃɑɹdʒ/ /ˈdɪstʃɑːdʒ/ v
rozładować
to operate (any weapon that fires a projectile, such as a shotgun or sling)
rozładować rozładowywać
electricity: to release an accumulated charge
rozładować, wyładować
to unload
wypisać wypisywać
medicine: to release (an inpatient) from hospital

disciple /dɪˈsaɪ.pəl/ n
uczeń adept adeptka uczennica
person who learns from another

disciplinary /dɪsɪˈplɪnəɹi/ /ˈdɪs.ə.pləˌnɛɹi/ adj
dyscyplinarny
for the purpose of imposing punishment

discipline /ˈdɪs.ə.plən/ /ˈdɪs.ə.plɪn/ /ˈdɪs.ɪ.plɪn/ n
dyscyplina
controlled behaviour, self-control

disciplined /ˈdɪsɪplɪnd/ adj
zdyscyplinowany
possessing mental discipline

disclaimer /dɪsˈkleɪm.ə/ /dɪsˈkleɪm.ɚ/ n
zrzeczenie się
law: denial, disavowal, or renunciation (as of a title, claim, interest, estate, or trust; relinquishment or waiver of an interest or estate)
public disavowal

disclose /dɪsˈkləʊz/ v
ujawnić
make known

disclosure /dɪsˈkloʊʒɚ/ /dɪsˈkləʊʒə(ɹ)/ n
ujawnienie wyjawienie
the act of revealing something

disco /ˈdɪskoʊ/ /ˈdɪskəʊ/ n
disco
type of music
dyskoteka
discotheque

disco ball /ˈdɪskoʊ ˌbɑːl/ /ˈdɪskoʊ ˌbɔːl/ /ˈdɪskəʊ ˌbɔːl/ n
kula dyskotekowa
mirrored sphere

disco music n
disco
disco music

discobolus n
dyskobol
a discus thrower

discography /ˌdɪsˈkɑɡɹəfi/ /ˌdɪsˈkɒɡɹəfi/ n
dyskografia
complete collection of the releases of a musical act

discoloration n
barwica
act of discolouring or state of being discolored

discombobulation n
konsternacja
an embarrassing feeling that leaves a person confused

discomfort /dɪsˈkʌmfət/ /dɪsˈkʌmfɚt/ n
dyskomfort niewygoda
mental or bodily distress

discontinuation n
odstawienie
quitting a course of treatment with a drug
zaprzestanie
interruption of continuity

discontinue /dɪskənˈtɪnju/ v
przerwać przerywać zaprzestawać zaprzestać
to stop a process

discord /dɪsˈkɔɹd/ /dɪsˈkɔːd/ /ˈdɪskɔɹd/ /ˈdɪskɔːd/ n
kakofonia
musical dissonance
niezgoda
lack of agreement

discotheque /ˈdɪskoʊˌtɛk/ /ˈdɪskəˌtɛk/ n
dyskoteka
nightclub

discount /dɪsˈkaʊnt/ /ˈdɪskaʊnt/ n
dyskonto
deduction made for interest
rabat zniżka opust przecena upust
reduction in price

discount /dɪsˈkaʊnt/ /ˈdɪskaʊnt/ v
potrącać potrącić
to deduct from an account, debt, charge, and the like

discount card n
karta rabatowa

discount rate n
oprocentowanie
central bank rate

discount store n
dyskont
store with lower prices

discourage /dɪsˈkɝɪd͡ʒ/ /dɪsˈkʌɹɪd͡ʒ/ v
zniechęcać zniechęcić
to persuade somebody not to do something

discouraging /dɪsˈkɝ.ɪ.d͡ʒɪŋ/ /dɪsˈkʌɹ.ɪ.d͡ʒɪŋ/ adj
antybodźcowy przeciwbodźcowy zniechęcający
that causes discouragement

discouragingly adv
antybodźcowo przeciwbodźcowo zniechęcająco

discourse /dɪsˈko(ː)ɹs/ /dɪsˈkoəs/ /dɪsˈkɔː(ɹ)s/ /ˈdɪsko(ː)ɹs/ /ˈdɪskoəs/ /ˈdɪskɔː(ɹ)s/ n
dyskurs
expression in (spoken or written) words
formal lengthy exposition of some subject
in social sciences
konwersacja
verbal exchange or conversation

discourtesy /dɪsˈkɜːtəzi/ n
niegrzeczność nieuprzejmość
lack of courtesy

discover /dɪsˈkʊvə/ /dɪsˈkʌvə/ /dɪsˈkʌvɚ/ v
odkrywać odkryć
find something for the first time
odkryć odkrywać
expose something previously covered

discovered check n
szachy z odsłony
situation in chess

discoverer n
odkrywca odkrywczyni
one who discovers

discovery /dɪsˈkʌvəɹi/ n
odkrycie
something discovered
odkrywanie odkrycie
the discovering of new things

discredit /dɪsˈkɹed.ɪt/ /dɪsˈkɹɛd.ɪt/ n
dyskredytacja
act or state

discredit /dɪsˈkɹed.ɪt/ /dɪsˈkɹɛd.ɪt/ v
dyskredytować zdyskredytować
harm reputation

discreditation n
dyskredytacja
the act or process of discrediting or of being discredited

discreet /dɪˈskɹiːt/ adj
dyskretny
respectful of privacy or secrecy; quiet; diplomatic
not drawing attention, anger or challenge; inconspicuous

discreetly adv
dyskretnie
Acting in a discreet manner
Inconspicuously

discrepancy /dɪsˈkɹɛpənsi/ n
rozbieżność
inconsistency
discrepant state

discretion /dɪˈskɹɛʃən/ n
dyskrecja
the quality of being discreet or circumspect

discretization n
dyskretyzacja
act of discretizing

discretize v
zdyskretyzować
convert continuous space into discrete space

discriminant n
wyróżnik
in algebra

discriminate /dɪˈskɹɪm.əˌneɪt/ /dɪˈskɹɪm.əˌnæɪt/ /dɪˈskɹɪm.ɪ.neɪt/ /dɪˈskɹɪm.ɪ.nət/ v
dyskryminować
to make decisions based on prejudice

discrimination /dɪskɹɪmɪˈneɪʃən/ n
dyskryminacja
distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage
rozróżnienie dyskryminacja
the act of making a distinction, noting differences between things

discriminatory /dɪsˈkɹɪmɪnət(ə)ɹɪ/ /dɪsˈkɹɪmɪnəˌtɔɹi/ /dɪˌskɹɪmɪˈneɪt(ə)rɪ/ adj
dyskryminacyjny
pertaining to discrimination

discus /ˈdɪs.kəs/ n
dysk
round plate-like object for throwing

discus throw n
rzut dyskiem
athletic event where a discus is thrown

discus thrower n
dyskobol dyskobolka
athlete

discuss /dɪˈskas/ /dɪˈskʊs/ /dɪˈskʌs/ v
dyskutować omawiać omówić
to converse or debate concerning a particular topic

discussion /dɪsˈkʊʃən/ /dɪˈskʌʃən/ n
dyskusja
conversation or debate
text giving further detail on a subject

disdain /dɪsˈdeɪn/ /dɪˈsteɪn/ n
pogarda
feeling of contempt or scorn

disdain /dɪsˈdeɪn/ /dɪˈsteɪn/ v
gardzić
to regard with strong contempt

disdainful /dɪsˈdeɪn.fəl/ adj
pogardliwy
showing contempt or scorn

disease /dəˈziz/ /dɪˈziz/ /dɪˈziːz/ n
choroba
an abnormal condition of the body causing discomfort or dysfunction

disembark /ˌdɪs.ɪmˈbɑɹk/ /ˌdɪs.ɪmˈbɑːk/ v
opuścić pokład
remove from on board a vessel
wysiadać wysiąść
to go ashore, to leave a train or airplane

disembodied /dɪsɪmˈbɒdiːd/ adj
asomatyczny bezcielesny
having no material body, immaterial, incorporeal, insubstantial

disenchant /ˌdɪsɪnˈtʃænt/ /ˌdɪsɪnˈtʃɑːnt/ /ˌdɪsɪnˈt͡ʃænt/ v
odczarować odczarowywać
To free from illusion, false belief or enchantment; to undeceive or disillusion
To remove a spell or magic enchantment from
rozczarować rozczarowywać
To disappoint

disentangle [ˌdɪsɪnˈtæŋɡəɫ] v
odplatać odpleść
extricate

disequilibrium n
nierównowaga brak równowagi
the loss of equilibrium or stability

disfigure /dɪsˈfɪɡjɚ/ /dɪsˈfɪɡə/ v
oszpecać oszpecić zniekształcać zniekształcić
change appearance to the negative

disgrace /dɪsˈɡɹeɪs/ /dɪzˈɡɹeɪs/ n
hańba sromota
condition of being out of favor

disgrace /dɪsˈɡɹeɪs/ /dɪzˈɡɹeɪs/ v
kompromitować skompromitować
bring shame upon

disguise /dɪsˈɡaɪz/ /dɪzˈɡaɪz/ /dɪˈskaɪz/ n
kamuflaż
that which masks what's beneath
kamuflaż kamuflowanie
act of disguising
przebranie kamuflaż
attire to hide/assume an identity

disgust /dɪsˈɡʌst/ /dɪzˈɡʌst/ /dɪˈskʌst/ n
odraza wstręt
an intense dislike or repugnance

disgust /dɪsˈɡʌst/ /dɪzˈɡʌst/ /dɪˈskʌst/ v
brzydzić
to cause an intense dislike for something

disgusting /dɪsˈkʌstɪŋ/ /dɪsˈɡʊstɪŋ/ /dɪsˈɡʌstɪŋ/ /dɪˈskʊstɪŋ/ adj
obrzydliwy obmierzły wstrętny
repulsive, distasteful

dish /dɪʃ/ n
antena satelitarna talerz
type of antenna
danie potrawa
specific type of food
contents of such a vessel
gary naczynie
tableware to be/being washed
półmisek talerz naczynie
vessel for holding/serving food

dish pit n
zmywalnia
dishwashing area in a restaurant

dish rack n
suszarka do naczyń
a perforated rack on which washed dishes may be placed in order to dry

disharmony /dɪsˈhɑrməni/ /dɪsˈhɑːməni/ n
dysharmonia
the absence of harmony

dishcloth n
ręcznik kuchenny ścierka do naczyń ścierka kuchenna
for drying

disher n
gałkownica
a type of scoop

dishevelled /dɪsˈʃɛvəld/ /dɪˈʃɛvəld/ adj
rozchełstany rozczochrany
untidy in appearance

dishonest /dɪzˈɒnɛst/ /dɪzˈɒnɪst/ /dɪˈsɑnɪst/ /dɪˈsɒnɪst/ adj
nieuczciwy
not honest

dishonestly adv
nieszczerze
in a dishonest manner

dishonesty /dɪsˈɒnɪ.sti/ n
brak szczerości nieszczerość nieuczciwość
characteristic or condition of being dishonest
nieuczciwość
an act which is fraudulent or dishonest

dishonorable discharge n
wydalony z wojska

dishonour /dɪsˈɒnə(ɹ)/ /dɪzˈɒnəɹ/ n
dyshonor hańba
shame or disgrace

dishware n
serwis stołowy zastawa stołowa
crockery

dishwasher /ˈdɪʃˌwɑʃɚ/ /ˈdɪʃˌwɒʃə/ /ˈdɪʃˌwɔʃɚ/ n
pomywacz pomywaczka
person
zmywarka zmywarka do naczyń
machine

disillusionment /dɪsɪˈljuʒənmənt/ /dɪsɪˈluʒənmənt/ n
rozczarowanie
feeling that arises from the discovery that something is not what it was anticipated to be

disincentive /ˌdɪsɪnˈsɛntɪv/ n
antybodziec
something that discourages

disinfect /dɪs.ɪnˈfɛkt/ v
dezynfekować odkażać
sterilize by the use of cleaning agent

disinfection /dɪsɪnˈfɛkʃən/ n
dezynfekcja
treatment

disinformation /dɪsˌɪnfɚˈmeɪʃən/ /ˌdɪsɪnfəˈmeɪʃ(ə)n/ v
dezinformacja
intentionally false information

disinherit /ˌdɪsɪnˈhɛɹɪt/ v
wydziedziczać wydziedziczyć
to exclude from inheritance

disinheritance n
wydziedziczenie
act of disinheriting

disinsectization n
dezynsekcja

disintegrate /dɪsˈɪntɪɡɹeɪt/ v
rozpadać się rozpaść się
break up into one's parts

disintegration /dɪs.ɪn.tɪˈɡɹeɪ.ʃən/ /dɪsˌɪɾ̃.əˈɡɹeɪ.ʃən/ [dɪsˌɪn.əˈɡɹeɪ.ʃən] n
dezintegracja
a process by which anything disintegrates

disinterest /dɪsˈɪntɹɛst/ n
brak zainteresowania

disinterestedness n
bezinteresowność
state or quality of being disinterested

disintermediation n
dezintermediacja

disjunction /dɪsˈdʒʊŋk(t)ʃən/ /dɪsˈdʒʌŋk(t)ʃən/ n
alternatywa
logic: proposition resulting from the combination of two or more propositions using the or operator

disjunctive /dɪsˈdʒʊŋktɪv/ /dɪsˈdʒʌŋktɪv/ /dɪsˈd͡ʒʌŋktɪv/ adj
alternatywny
logic: of or related to a disjunction

disjunctive normal form n
alternatywna postać normalna
the form of a boolean formula that the formula has if the formula is a disjunction of conjunctions of literals, such as “(A and B and C) or (D and E and not F)”

disk /dɪsk/ n
dysk
a thin, flat, circular plate
dysk twardy
a computer's hard disk
płyta płyta gramofonowa płyta winylowa winyl
a vinyl phonograph/gramophone record

dislike /dɪsˈlaɪk/ /ˈdɪslaɪk/ v
nie lubić
not to like something

dislocate /dɪsləʊˈkeɪt/ /dɪsˈloʊkeɪt/ v
zwichnąć
to dislodge a bone

disloyal [dɪsˈlɔɪ(j)əɫ] adj
nielojalny
without loyalty

disloyalty /dɪsˈlɔɪ.(j)əɫ.ti/ n
nielojalność brak lojalności
quality of being disloyal

dismantle /dɪsˈmæntəl/ [dɪsˈmæntʰəɫ] [dɪsˈmænʔəɫ] [dɪsˈmæ̃nɫ̩] [dɪsˈmæ̃nɾɫ̩] v
rozmontować rozbierać rozebrać rozkładać rozłożyć
take apart

dismay /dɪsˈmeɪ/ n
przerażenie
a sudden loss of courage

dismember /ˌdɪsˈmɛmbə(ɹ)/ v
rozczłonkować rozczłonkowywać
remove limbs
ćwiartować
cut into pieces

dismissal [dɪsˈmɪsəɫ] [dɪzˈmɪsəɫ] n
zwolnienie dymisja
deprivation of office

dismount /dɪsˈmaʊnt/ v
zsadzać zsadzić
to cause to get off
zsiadać zsiąść
to get off

disobedience /dɪs.əˈbiː.dɪəns/ n
nieposłuszeństwo
refusal to obey

disobedient /dɪs.əˈbiː.dɪənt/ adj
nieposłuszny
not obedient

disobey /ˌdɪs.oʊ.ˈbeɪ/ /ˌdɪs.əˈbeɪ/ v
nie słuchać
to refuse to obey an order

disorder /dɪsˈɔːdə(ɹ)/ /dɪsˈɔːɹdɚ/ /dɪzˈɔːɹdəɹ/ n
anarchia bezład chaos dezorganizacja
disturbance of civic order or of public order
nieporządek bezład nieład
absence of order
zaburzenie
physical or psychical malfunction

disorderliness n
bezładność

disorderly /dɪsˈɔː.də.li/ adj
bezładny
not in order

disorganise v
dezorganizować zdezorganizować
make less organised

disorganization /dɪsˌɔː(ɹ).ɡənˌaɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/ /dɪˌsoɹɡəˌnaɪˈzeɪʃən/ n
dezorganizacja
state of being disorganized

disorganized /dɪsˈɔːɡənaɪzd/ adj
niezorganizowany
lacking order

disorganized schizophrenia n
hebefrenia schizofrenia zdezorganizowana
disorganized schizophrenia

disorient /dɪsˈɔːɹi.ənt/ v
dezorientować zdezorientować

disparity /dɪsˈpæɹɪti/ n
nierównowaga nierówność rozbieżność rozrzut rozstrzał różnica
the state of being unequal; difference

dispassionate /dɪsˈpæʃənət/ adj
beznamiętny bezstronny
not showing, and not affected by, emotion, bias, or prejudice

dispassionately adv
beznamiętnie
in a dispassionate manner

dispassionateness n
beznamiętność

dispel [dɪˈspɛɫ] v
rozwiewać
to drive away by scattering

dispensation /dɪsˌpɛnˈseɪʃən/ n
dyspensa
relaxation of a law in a particular case
act of dispensing

dispenser /dɪˈspɛnsə/ n
dozownik
object used to dispense other items

disperse /dɪˈspɜːs/ /dɪˈspɝs/ v
rozproszyć
to scatter

displacement /dɪsˈpleɪsmɪnt/ /dɪzˈpleɪsmənt/ n
przemieszczenie
physics: vector quantity which denotes distance with a directional component

display /dɪsˈpleɪ/ /ˈdɪspleɪ/ n
wyświetlacz
electronic screen

display /dɪsˈpleɪ/ /ˈdɪspleɪ/ v
wyświetlać
to show conspicuously

display window n
witryna wystawa
large window at the front of a shop

displeased /dɪsˈpliːzd/ adj
niezadowolony
not pleased or happy

disposable /dɪsˈpoʊzəbl̩/ /dɪsˈpəʊzəbl̩/ n
jednorazowy jednorazówka
object that is designed to be disposed of

dispose /dɪsˈpoʊz/ /dɪˈspəʊz/ v
pozbyć się czegoś
to get rid of something

disproportion /dɪspɹəˈpɔːʃən/ n
dysproporcja
the state of being out of proportion

disproportionate /dɪs.pɹəˈpɔːʃən.eɪt/ /dɪs.pɹəˈpɔːʃən.ət/ /ˈdɪs.pɹəˌpɔɹ.ʃən.eɪt/ /ˈdɪs.pɹəˌpɔɹ.ʃən.ət/ adj
nieproporcjonalny niewspółmierny
not proportionate
out of proportion

disqualification /dɪsˌkwɑːləfɪˈkeɪʃn/ /dɪsˌkwɒlɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/ n
dyskwalifikacja
act of disqualifying

disqualify /dɪsˈkwɒlɪfaɪ/ v
dyskwalifikować
make ineligible

disquisition /ˌdɪskwəˈzɪʃən/ /ˌdɪskwɪˈzɪʃ(ə)n/ n
dysertacja rozprawa wywód
lengthy, formal discourse

disregard /dɪsɹɪˈɡɑɹd/ /dɪsɹɪˈɡɑːd/ v
lekceważyć
to ignore

disrepair /ˌdɪs.ɹɪˈpɛə(ɹ)/ /ˌdɪs.ɹɪˈpɛɚ/ n
zapaść
the state of being in poor condition

disrespect /dɪsɹɪˈspɛkt/ n
brak szacunku nieposzanowanie
lack of respect

disrespectful [dɪsɹɪˈspɛktfəɫ] adj
lekceważący
lacking respect

disrespectfully adv
lekceważąco
in a disrespectful manner

disrobe /dɪsˈɹoʊb/ /dɪsˈɹəʊb/ v
rozbierać rozebrać
undress oneself
undress someone or something

disrupt /dɪsˈɹʌpt/ /dɪzˈɹʊpt/ /dɪzˈɹʌpt/ v
zaburzać zaburzyć
to interrupt or impede something

disruption /dɪsˈɹʌpʃən/ /dɪzˈɹʊpʃən/ /dɪzˈɹʌpʃən/ n
zakłócenie
interruption

disruptive /dɪsˈɹʌptɪv/ /dɪzˈɹʊptɪv/ /dɪzˈɹʌptɪv/ adj
rozpraszający zakłócający spokój
causing disrupt or unrest

diss /dɪs/ n
diss pocisk pojazd
insult or put-down

diss /dɪs/ v
dissować zdissować jechać pociskać pocisnąć pojechać
to put someone down or show verbal disrespect

dissatisfied /dɪsˈsætɪsˌfaɪd/ adj
niezadowolony
feeling or displaying disappointment or a lack of contentment

dissect /daɪˈsɛkt/ /dɪˈsɛkt/ v
przeprowadzić sekcję
to study a dead animal's anatomy by cutting it apart

dissemble [dɪˈsɛmbəɫ] v
ignorować udawać
to deliberately ignore something
maskować symulować ukrywać
to disguise or conceal something
ukrywać
to falsely hide one's opinions or feelings

disseminate /dɪˈsɛmɪˌneɪt/ v
rozpowszechniać rozpowszechnić rozprzestrzeniać rozprzestrzenić rozsiać rozsiewać
transitive: to sow and scatter principles, etc. for propagation, like seed
rozprzestrzeniać się szerzyć się
intransitive: to become scattered

dissent /dəˈsɛnt/ /dɪˈsɛnt/ v
nie zgadzać się nie zgodzić się
to disagree

dissenter n
dysydent
someone who dissents

dissertation /ˌdɪsəˈteɪʃən/ /ˌdɪsɚˈteɪʃən/ n
dysertacja doktorat
formal exposition of a subject

disservice /dɪ(s)ˈsɜːvɪs/ /dɪ(s)ˈsɝvɪs/ n
niedźwiedzia przysługa
service that results in harm

dissident /ˈdɪsɪdənt/ n
dysydent dysydentka
person who opposes the current political structure, group or laws

dissimilation /ˌdɪsɪmɪˈleɪʃən/ n
dysymilacja
(phonology) A phenomenon whereby similar consonant or vowel sounds in a word become less similar

dissociate /dɪˈsoʊ.si.eɪt/ /dɪˈsoʊ.ʃi.eɪt/ /dɪˈsəʊ.si.eɪt/ /dɪˈsəʊ.ʃi.eɪt/ v
odciąć rozdzielić
(transitive) to make unrelated

dissociation /dɪˌsoʊsiˈeɪʃən/ /dɪˌsoʊʃiˈeɪʃən/ /dɪˌsəʊʃiˈeɪʃən/ n
dysocjacja
defence mechanism
rozkład
act of dissociating

dissociative identity disorder n
rozdwojenie jaźni
mental disorder characterized by personality states

dissolution /ˌdɪsəˈl(j)uːʃən/ /ˌdɪsəˈluʃən/ n
rozwiązanie
termination of an organized body or legislative assembly

dissolve /dɪˈzɑlv/ /dɪˈzɒlv/ v
rozpuszczać
intransitive: to be disintegrated into a solution by immersion
rozpuszczać rozpuścić
transitive: to disintegrate into a solution by immersion
rozpuszczać rozpuścić rozwiązać rozwiązywać
transitive: to terminate a union of multiple members actively

dissonance /ˈdɪsənəns/ /ˈdɪsənɪns/ n
dysharmonia
conflicting notes that are not overtones of the note or chord sounding
dysonans
a harsh, discordant combination of sounds

dissuade /dɪˈsweɪd/ v
odwodzić odradzać odradzić odwieść
convince not to try or do

distaff /ˈdɪstæf/ /ˈdɪstɑːf/ n
kobieca praca kobieca robota
anything traditionally done by or considered of importance to women only
przęślica
device to which fibres are attached for temporary storage
part of a spinning wheel

distaff side n
po kądzieli
female or maternal branch of a family

distal /ˈdɪs.təl/ adj
dalszy
remote from the point of attachment or origin

distance /ˈdɪs.təns/ /ˈdɪs.tɪns/ n
odległość dystans droga
amount of space between two points

distance /ˈdɪs.təns/ /ˈdɪs.tɪns/ v
dystansować się oddalać się oddalić się zdystansować się
move away

distance learning n
edukacja na odległość nauczanie na odległość
education obtained remotely

distant /ˈdɪstənt/ adj
odległy daleki
far off

distasteful /dɪsˈteɪstfəɫ/ adj
niesmaczny
having a bad or foul taste
niesmaczny przykry
unpleasant

distend /dɪˈstɛnd/ v
rozdymać się rozdąć się
to extend or expand
rozdymać rozdąć
to cause to swell

distich /ˈdɪstɪk/ n
dwuwiersz dystych
a two line stanza making complete sense

distillation /dɪstɪˈleɪʃən/ n
destylacja
separation of a substance

distilled water n
woda destylowana
water that has been purified by distillation

distiller n
gorzelnik
a person who distills, one who owns or works in a distillery

distillery /dɪˈstɪləɹi/ n
gorzelnia
a place where distillation takes place

distinction /dɪˈstɪŋkʃən/ n
różnica
that which distinguishes; a single occurrence of a determining factor or feature, the fact of being divided; separation, discrimination
wyróżnienie odznaczenie
specifically, a feature that causes someone or something to stand out as being better; a mark of honour, rank, eminence or excellence; being distinguished

distinctive /dɪˈstɪŋktɪv/ adj
charakterystyczny
characteristic
odróżniający wyróżniający
distinguishing

distinguish /dɪˈstɪŋ.ɡwɪʃ/ v
rozróżniać rozróżnić
to see someone or something as different from others

distinguished /dɪˈstɪŋ.ɡwɪʃt/ adj
dystyngowany
having a dignified appearance or demeanor
wybitny
celebrated, well-known or eminent because of past achievements; prestigious
wyróżniony
mathematics: specified, noted

distinguishedness n
dystynkcja

distinguishing adj
odróżniający wyróżniający
that serves to distinguish

distort /dɪˈstɔɹt/ /dɪˈstɔːt/ v
przesterować przesterowywać zniekształcać zniekształcić
to bring something out of shape
wypaczać
to give false account of

distorting mirror n
krzywe zwierciadło
a curved mirror, often using convex and concave sections to achieve a distorted effect; a popular attraction at carnivals and fairs

distortion /dɪsˈtɔːʃən/ n
dystorsja
optics
zniekształcenie
result of distorting

distract /dɪsˈtɹækt/ v
rozpraszać rozproszyć
To divert the attention of

distrain /dɪˈstɹeɪn/ v
anektować zaanektować
To force (someone) to do something by seizing their property

distraint n
zajęcie
right of a landlord to seize the property of a tenant

distress /dɪˈstɹɛs/ n
niebezpieczeństwo zagrożenie
serious danger

distress signal n
wzywanie pomocy wzywanie ratunku
emergency signal

distressing /dɪˈstɹɛsɪŋ/ adj
cierpki hiobowy niepokojący przygnębiający przykry
causing distress; upsetting

distributedness n
cehca tego, co jest rozproszone

distribution /ˌdɪstɹəˈbjuːʃən/ n
dystrybucja
act of distribution or being distributed
process by which goods get to final consumers
anything distributed
rozkład
card games: way in which the cards are divided
rozkład dystrybucja
statistics: set of relative likelihoods

distribution board n
rozdzielnica elektryczna
board containing circuit breakers

distribution center n
centrum dystrybucyjne

distribution channel n
kanał dystrybucji
route

distributive /dɪsˈtɹɪbjʊtɪv/ adj
rozdzielny
math: property of functions

distributor n
dystrybutor dystrybutorka
one who distributes, a thing that distributes

district /ˈdɪstɹɪkt/ n
dzielnica dystrykt
administrative division

distrust /dɪsˈtɹʊst/ /dɪsˈtɹʌst/ n
niedowierzanie
lack of trust or confidence

disturb /dɪˈstɜːb/ /dɪˈstɝb/ v
martwić niepokoić zaniepokoić zmartwić
have negative emotional impact
przeszkadzać niepokoić
confuse or irritate

disturbing /dɪsˈtɜːbɪŋ/ adj
niepokojący
causing distress or worry

disturbingly adv
niepokojąco

disused /ˌdɪsˈjuːzd/ adj
nieużywany
no longer in use

ditch /dɪt͡ʃ/ n
rów
trench

ditch day n
Święto Lasu
a day on which a group of students, generally the senior class, leaves the campus and its responsibilities for a day

dithyramb /ˈdɪθ.ɪ.ɹæm/ n
dytyramb
a choral hymn sung in ancient Athens in honor of the god Dionysus

ditransitive adj
dwuprzechodni
having both a direct and indirect object

ditransitive verb n
czasownik dwuprzechodni
verb that requires a direct object and an indirect object

ditto /ˈdɪtoʊ/ /ˈdɪtəʊ/ [ˈdɪɾoʊ] n
jak wyżej to samo
the aforesaid

diuresis /ˌdaɪjʊˈɹiːsɪs/ n
diureza
excessive production of urine

diuretic /daɪ(j)əˈɹɛtɪk/ adj
diuretyczny moczopędny
increasing urination

diuretic /daɪ(j)əˈɹɛtɪk/ n
diuretyna
drug

diurnal /daɪˈɜːnəl/ /daɪˈɝ.nəl/ adj
dzienny
happening during daylight; primarily active during the day

diva /ˈdiːvə/ n
diwa
female celebrity

divan /dɪˈvæn/ /ˈdaɪ.væn/ n
dywan
council
tapczan
sofa

dive /daɪv/ n
speluna spelunka dziura knajpa melina mordownia
seedy bar

dive /daɪv/ v
nurkować zanurkować
to swim under water
nurkować zanurkować dawać nura dać nura
to jump into water
zanurzać się zanurzyć się
to descend

dive bar n
spelunka
disreputable bar

dive bomber n
bombowiec nurkujący
type of military aircraft

diver /ˈdaɪ̯vəɹ/ n
nurek
someone who dives

diverge /daɪˈvɜːd͡ʒ/ /daɪˈvɝd͡ʒ/ /dɑɪˈvɜːd͡ʒ/ /dɪˈvɜːd͡ʒ/ /dɪˈvɝd͡ʒ/ v
rozbiegać
to have no limit
rozbiegać się rozchodzić się rozdzielać się
to run apart

divergence /daɪˈvɜː(ɹ)d͡ʒəns/ /dɪˈvɜː(ɹ)d͡ʒəns/ n
dywergencja
mathematical operator
odchylenie rozbieżność
the degree of divergence

divergent /daɪˈvɜː.d͡ʒənt/ /daɪˈvɝ.d͡ʒənt/ /dɑɪˈvɜː.d͡ʒənt/ /dɪˈvɜː.d͡ʒənt/ /dɪˈvɝ.d͡ʒənt/ adj
rozbieżny
growing further apart; diverging
of a series, not converging

diverse /daɪ.ˈvɝs/ /daɪˈvɜːs/ /dɪ.ˈvɝs/ /ˈdaɪ.ˌvɝs/ adj
odmienny rozmaity
different
różnorodny różny rozmaity różnoraki
various

diversification /daɪˌvɜːsɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/ /daɪˌvɝsɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/ /dɪˌvɝsɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/ n
dywersyfikacja
act of diversifying

diversify /daɪˈvɜː.sɪ.faɪ/ /daɪˈvɝ.sə.faɪ/ /dɪˈvɜː.sɪ.faɪ/ /dɪˈvɝ.sə.faɪ/ v
dywersyfikować różnicować urozmaicać urozmaicić zdywersyfikować zróżnicować
to make diverse

diversion /daɪˈvɜːʃən/ /daɪˈvɜːʒən/ /daɪˈvɝʒən/ /dɪˈvɝʒən/ n
dywersja
tactic used to draw attention away from the real threat or action
objazd
A detour, such as during road construction
rerouting of cargo or passengers to a new transshipment point or destination

diversity /daɪˈvɜː(ɹ)sɪti/ /dɪˈvɜː(ɹ)sɪti/ n
różnorodność
quality of being diverse; difference

divertimento /dəˌvɝtəˈmɛntoʊ/ /dɪˌvɜːtɪˈmɛntəʊ/ n
divertimento
eighteenth-century composition in several short movements

divide /dɪˈvaɪd/ v
dzielić podzielić
calculate quotient
split into two or more parts
divide up; share by dividing
separate into two or more parts

divide and conquer v
dziel i rządź
Divide and conquer

dividend /ˈdɪvɪdɛnd/ n
dywidenda dzielna
finance: a payment of money by a company to its shareholders
dzielna dywidenda
arithmetic: a number or expression

divider /dɪˈvaɪdə(ɹ)/ n
przekładka
object that separates

dividual /dɪˈvɪd͡ʒuəl/ adj
oddzielny
separate, distinct

divination /ˌdɪvɪˈneɪʃən/ n
wróżba wróżenie
act of divining

divine /dɪˈvaɪn/ adj
boski boży
of or pertaining to a god

diving /ˈdaɪ.vɪŋ/ n
nurkowanie
practice of swimming underwater
skoki do wody
sport of jumping head first into water

diving bell n
dzwon nurkowy keson
airtight chamber used by divers

diving bell spider n
topik wodnik
spider

diving header n
strzał szczupakiem szczupak
ball

diving petrel n
nurzec
bird of the family Pelecanoididae

diving platform n
trampolina
structure used for competitive diving

divinity /dɪˈvɪnɪti/ n
boskość bóstwo
godhood, state of being God or a god

divisibility /dɪˈvɪzɪbɪlɪti/ n
podzielność
property of being divisible

divisible [dɪˈvɪzɪbəɫ] adj
podzielny
capable of being divided
of an integer, that when divided leaves no remainder

division /dɪˈvɪʒən/ n
dywizja
large military unit
dzielenie
arithmetic: process of dividing a number by another
arithmetic: calculation involving this process
podział dzielenie
act or process of dividing anything

division of labour n
podział pracy
separation of work

division ring n
ciało nieprzemienne pierścień z dzieleniem
algebraic concept

division sign n
znak dzielenia
Symbol

divisive /dɪˈvaɪsɪv/ /dɪˈvɪsɪv/ /dɪˈvɪzɪv/ adj
dzielić rozdzielać
having a quality that divides or separates

divisor /dɪ.ˈvaɪ.zə(ɹ)/ /dɪ.ˈvaɪ.zɚ/ n
dzielnik
arithmetic: a number or expression
integer that divides another integer an integral number of times

divorce /dɪˈvo(ː)ɹs/ /dɪˈvoəs/ /dɪˈvɔɹs/ /dɪˈvɔːs/ n
rozwód
legal dissolution of a marriage
separation of connected things

divorce /dɪˈvo(ː)ɹs/ /dɪˈvoəs/ /dɪˈvɔɹs/ /dɪˈvɔːs/ v
rozwieść rozwodzić
to end one's own marriage

divorcee /-eɪ/ /dɪvɔɹˈsi/ /dɪvɔːˈsiː/ n
rozwodnik rozwódka
a person divorced

divorcé /dɪvɔɹˈseɪ/ /dɪˈvɔːseɪ/ n
rozwiedziony rozwodnik
a divorced man

divorcée /dɪvɔɹˈseɪ/ /dɪˈvɔːseɪ/ n
rozwiedziona rozwódka
a divorced woman

divulgation /ˌdaɪvʌlˈɡeɪʃən/ n
wyjawienie
disclosure of a secret

divulge /daɪˈvʌld͡ʒ/ /dɪˈvʌld͡ʒ/ v
rozgłaszać
to indicate publicly; to proclaim
ujawnić
to make public

dizziness n
zawroty głowy
state of being dizzy

dizzy /ˈdɪzi/ adj
oszołomiony
experiencing a sensation of whirling and being unbalanced

do /du/ /duː/ /də/ /dʉː/ /dʊ/ /d͡ʒ/ v
bzykać przelecieć
slang: have sex with
czy
in questions
robić zrobić czynić uczynić
perform, execute

do I know you phraseologicalUnit
czy ja cię znam? czy ja pana znam? czy ja panią znam? czy my się znamy?
do I know you?

do as I say and not as I do v
[[rób to, co mówię, a nie to, co robię]] [[róbcie, co mówię, a nie to, co robię]]

do in v
wykończyć
to kill or end

do it yourself n
majsterkowanie
practice of doing home improvements and maintenance oneself

do me a favour phraseologicalUnit
zrób mi przysługę
used to ask someone for a favour

do more harm than good v
wyrządzać więcej szkody niż pożytku wyrządzić więcej szkody niż pożytku
to make a situation worse, usually while trying to make it better

do not disturb phraseologicalUnit
nie przeszkadzać
do not disturb

do one's bit v
robić swoje zrobić swoje
to make an individual contribution toward an overall effort

do one's business v
załatwiać się załatwić się

do one's own thing v
chodzić własnymi drogami
do what one considers best

do the dishes v
zmywać
to wash up dishes

do the impossible v
dokonywać niemożliwego

do the laundry v
robić pranie
to wash the laundry

do the right thing v
postąpić słusznie postąpić właściwie postępować słusznie postępować właściwie
act ethically

do the trick v
działać robić swoje zadziałać załatwiać sprawę załatwić sprawę zrobić swoje
to work

do time v
siedzieć
colloquial: to spend time in prison

do without v
obywać się bez obyć się bez
manage

do you accept American dollars phraseologicalUnit
czy mogę płacić amerykańskimi dolarami?
do you accept American dollars?

do you accept credit cards phraseologicalUnit
czy akceptujecie karty kredytowe?
do you accept credit cards?

do you believe in God phraseologicalUnit
Wierzy pan w Boga? Wierzy pani w Boga? Wierzycie panie w Boga? Wierzycie panowie w Boga? Wierzycie państwo w Boga? Wierzycie w Boga?
do you believe in God?

do you come here often phraseologicalUnit
czy często tu przychodzisz? znamy się?
do you come here often?

do you have Wi-Fi phraseologicalUnit
czy państwo mają wifi?
do you have Wi-Fi?

do you have a boyfriend phraseologicalUnit
masz chłopaka?
do you have a boyfriend?

do you have a girlfriend phraseologicalUnit
masz dziewczynę?
do you have a girlfriend?

do you have a menu in English phraseologicalUnit
czy państwo mają menu w angielskim?
phrase

do you have any pets phraseologicalUnit
czy masz jakieś zwierzęta domowe?
do you have pets?

do you know phraseologicalUnit
czy Pan wie czy Pani wie czy Państwo wiedzą czy wiecie? czy wiesz
do you know? (of knowledge)
czy znasz?
do you know? (of acquaintance)

do you love me phraseologicalUnit
kochasz mnie?
do you love me?

do you need help phraseologicalUnit
czy potrzebuje Pan pomocy? czy potrzebuje Pani pomocy? czy potrzebujesz pomocy?
do you need help?

do you need to use the bathroom phraseologicalUnit
czy musisz korzystać z łazienki?
do you need to use the bathroom

do you speak English phraseologicalUnit
czy mówisz po angielsku?
do you speak English? (English specifically)
mówi pan po polsku? mówi pani po polsku? mówicie po polsku? mówisz po polsku? mówią państwo po polsku?
do you speak...? (fill with the name of the current foreign language)

do you think you can walk phraseologicalUnit
czy myśli pan, że może chodzić? czy myśli pani, że może chodzić? czy myśli panna, że może chodzić? czy myślisz, że możesz chodzić?
do you think you can walk?

do-gooder n
dobroczyńca
one who has a conviction of their own moral superiority

dobbin /ˈdɒbɪn/ n
chabeta szkapa
old broken-down horse

dobra /ˈdɒbɹə/ /ˈdəʊbɹə/ n
dobra
official currency of São Tomé and Príncipe

docile /ˈdɑ.saɪl/ /ˈdɑ.səl/ /ˈdəʊ.saɪl/ adj
pojętny
accepting instructions
potulny uległy
yielding to control

dock /dɑk/ /dɒk/ n
szczaw
any plant in genus Rumex
łopian
burdock
dok
fixed structure to which a vessel is secured
body of water between two piers or wharves
ława oskarżonych
part of a courtroom where the accused sits

docket /ˈdɒkɪt/ n
wokanda
schedule of cases in a court

docking n
dokowanie
process of connecting one spacecraft to another

dockworker n
doker portowiec
worker at a dock

doctor /ˈdɑktɚ/ /ˈdɒktə/ /ˈdɔktə/ n
doktor
person who has attained a doctorate

doctor /ˈdɑktɚ/ /ˈdɒktə/ /ˈdɔktə/ v
fabrykować falsyfikować fałszować
alter or make obscure, in order to deceive

doctor blade n
rakiel rakla
printing tool

doctor's office n
gabinet lekarski
clinic of a doctor

doctorand n
doktorant doktorantka
postgrad aiming at doctorate

doctorate /ˈdɑk.tɚ.eɪt/ /ˈdɑk.tɚ.ət/ /ˈdɒk.tə.ɹeɪt/ /ˈdɒk.tə.ɹɪt/ n
doktorat
highest degree awarded by a university faculty

doctrinaire n
doktryner doktrynerka
person who stubbornly holds to a philosophy or opinion

doctrinal /dɑkˈtɹaɪnəl/ /dɒkˈtɹaɪnəl/ /ˈdɑktɹɪnəl/ /ˈdɒktɹɪnəl/ adj
doktrynalny
of or relating to a doctrine

doctrinally adv
doktrynalnie
in a doctrinal manner

doctrine /ˈdɑk.tɹɪn/ /ˈdɒk.tɹɪn/ n
doktryna
belief
body of beliefs or teachings

document /ˈdɑkjʊmənt/ /ˈdɑkjʊmɛnt/ /ˈdɒkjʊmənt/ /ˈdɒkjʊmɛnt/ n
dokument
original or official paper
(computing) a file that contains text

document /ˈdɑkjʊmənt/ /ˈdɑkjʊmɛnt/ /ˈdɒkjʊmənt/ /ˈdɒkjʊmɛnt/ v
dokumentować udokumentować
to record in documents
to furnish with documents or papers necessary to establish facts or give information

documentarian n
dokumentalista
person whose profession is to create documentary films

documentary /ˌdɑk.jəˈmɛn.tə.ɹi/ /ˌdɑk.jəˈmɛn.tɹi/ /ˌdɒk.jʊˈmɛn.tə.ɹi/ /ˌdɒk.jʊˈmɛn.tɹi/ adj
dokumentalny dokumentarny
of, related to or based on documents/that serves to document something

documentary /ˌdɑk.jəˈmɛn.tə.ɹi/ /ˌdɑk.jəˈmɛn.tɹi/ /ˌdɒk.jʊˈmɛn.tə.ɹi/ /ˌdɒk.jʊˈmɛn.tɹi/ n
film dokumentalny dokument
documentary film

documentation /ˌdɑkjəmənˈteɪʃən/ /ˌdɒkjʊmənˈteɪʃən/ n
dokumentacja
documents that explain the operation of a particular machine or software program

dodder /ˈdɑdɚ/ /ˈdɒdə/ n
kanianka
parasitic plant (of about 100-170 species) of the genus Cuscuta

dodderer n
pierdziel ramol
somebody who dodders

dodecagon n
dwunastokąt
geometry

dodecagonal adj
dwunastokątny
having twelve sides and twelve angles

dodecagram n
dodekagram
Twelve-pointed star

dodecahedral adj
dwunastościenny

dodecahedron /doʊˌdɛk.əˈhiː.dɹən/ /ˌdoʊ.dɛk.əˈhiː.dɹən/ /ˌdəʊ.dɛk.əˈhiː.dɹən/ /ˌdəʊ.dɪk.əˈhiː.dɹən/ n
dwunastościan foremny
a polyhedron with 12 faces

dodecaphony n
dodekafonia
dodecaphony

dodgeball n
dwa ognie zbijak
a sport

dodgy /ˈdɒd͡ʒ.i/ adj
szemrany
unsound and unreliable

dodo /ˈdoʊˌdoʊ/ /ˈdəʊdəʊ/ n
dodo
Raphus cucullatus

doe /doʊ/ /dəʊ/ n
kangurzyca
female kangaroo
koza
female goat
królica
female rabbit
samica daniel
female fallow deer
sarna
female roe deer
wiewiórka
female squirrel
zajęczyca
female hare
łania
female deer

doenjang n
doenjang

does a bear shit in the woods phraseologicalUnit
pytasz dzika, czy sra w lesie
emphatic yes by way of an idiomatic, rhetorical question

does anyone here speak English phraseologicalUnit
czy jest ktoś tutaj kto mówi po angielsku? czy ktokolwiek tutaj mówi po angielsku? czy ktoś tu mówi po angielsku?
does anyone here speak English?

dog /dɑɡ/ /dɒɡ/ /dɔɡ/ n
babsztyl
dull, unattractive girl or woman
pies basior
male canine
pies suka
animal

dog Latin pn
łacina kuchenna
bad, erroneous Latin

dog collar n
obroża
collar for a dog

dog days /ˈdɒɡ deɪz/ /ˈdɔɡ deɪz/ n
kanikuła
the days between early July and early September
unpleasantly hot days

dog in the manger n
pies ogrodnika
one who denies to others something that he or she cannot use

dog paddle n
piesek
swimming stroke

dog rose n
dzika róża psia róża róża dzika sypel szypszyna
a Rosa canina flower
the species Rosa canina

dog tag n
adresówka
disk attached to a dog's collar
nieśmiertelnik
identification tag worn around the neck by military personnel

dog's life n
pieskie życie
miserable life

dog-ear /ˈdɑɡ-/ /ˈdɒɡɪə/ /ˈdɔɡˌɪ(ə)ɹ/ n
ośle ucho
folded corner of the page of a book or other publication

dog-paddle v
płynąć pieskiem pływać pieskiem
to swim dog paddle

dogbane n
toina
Apocynum

dogberry n
dereń
the berry of the dogwood

doge /doʊdʒ/ /doʊɡ/ /doʊʒ/ /dəʊdʒ/ /dəʊɡ/ /dəʊʒ/ /ˈdɑɡi/ /ˈdɒɡi/ n
pieseł
internet slang

doge /doʊd͡ʒ/ /doʊʒ/ /dəʊdʒ/ /dəʊʒ/ /ˈdoʊ.d͡ʒeɪ/ /ˈdəʊ.dʒeɪ/ n
doża
chief magistrate in the republics of Venice and Genoa

dogfight n
walka psów
fight between dogs

dogged /ˈdɒɡɪd/ /ˈdɔɡɪd/ adj
uparty wytrwały zawzięty
stubbornly persevering, steadfast

doggerel /ˈdɒɡəɹəl/ adj
wiersz częstochowski wiersz kalwaryjski
of a crude or irregular construction

doggy style /ˈdɑɡ.i staɪl/ /ˈdɒ.ɡi staɪl/ /ˈdɔ.ɡi staɪl/ adv
na pieska
in a position

dogma /ˈdɑɡ.mə/ /ˈdɒɡ.mə/ /ˈdɔɡ.mə/ n
dogmat
authoritative principle, belief or statement of opinion
dogmat doktryna
doctrine

dogmatic /dɑɡˈmæt.ɪk/ /dɒɡˈmæt.ɪk/ /dɔɡˈmæt.ɪk/ [dɑɡˈmæɾ.ɪk] [dɔɡˈmæɾ.ɪk] [ˈdɔɡˈmæɾ.ɪk] adj
dogmatyczny
asserting beliefs in an arrogant way

dogmatism n
dogmatyzm
arrogance in stating opinion

dogsled n
psi zaprzęg
sled pulled by dogs

dogwood /ˈdɒɡwʊd/ n
dereń
tree or shrub of the genus Cornus

doing /ˈduːɪŋ/ n
czyn sprawka
a deed or action

dojo /ˈdoʊˌd͡ʒoʊ/ /ˈdəʊdʒəʊ/ [ˈdoʊ̯ˌd͡ʒoʊ̯] [ˈdəʊ̯d͡ʒəʊ̯] n
dojo
(martial arts) training facility

dolce far niente /ˌdoʊltʃeɪ ˌfɑɹ niˈɛnteɪ/ /ˌdoʊltʃi ˌfɑɹ niˈɛnti/ /ˌdɒltʃeɪ ˌfɑː nɪˈɛnteɪ/ n
błogie lenistwo
enjoyment of idleness

dolce vita /ˌdoʊltʃeɪ ˈvitə/ /ˌdɒltʃeɪ ˈviːtə/ n
dolce vita słodkie życie
life of self-indulgence and luxury

dolefully adv
smutno
in a doleful manner

dolerite /ˈdɑl.əˌɹaɪt/ /ˈdɒl.əˌɹaɪt/ n
diabaz doleryt
rock

dolichocephaly n
dolichocefalia długogłowość
quality or condition of being dolichocephalic

doll /dɑl/ /dɒl/ /dɔl/ [dɒːɫ] n
lalka kukła
a toy in the form of a human

doll's house n
domek dla lalek
miniature house for dolls

dollar /ˈdoː.lə/ /ˈdɑ.lɚ/ /ˈdɒl.ə/ /ˈdɔ.lɚ/ /ˈdɔː.lə/ n
dolar
designation for specific currency

dollarization /dɑlɝɪˈzeɪ̯ʃɪn/ n
dolaryzacja
the process of a country adopting the US dollar as its primary currency

dollarize v
dolaryzować
to undergo dollarization

dollop /ˈdɑləp/ /ˈdɒləp/ n
porcja
considerable lump

dolly /ˈdɑli/ /ˈdɒli/ n
wózek transportowy
small truck

dolma n
dolmades
any of a family of stuffed vegetable dishes

dolman /ˈdoʊlmən/ /ˈdɒlmən/ n
dolman
hussar's jacket
woman's garment with wide sleeves
Turkish garment

dolmen /ˈdoʊl.mən/ /ˈdɑl.mən/ /ˈdɒl.mɛn/ n
dolmen
tomb consisting of a capstone supported by two or more upright stones

dolomite /ˈdoʊ.ləˌmaɪt/ /ˈdɑl.əˌmaɪt/ /ˈdɒl.əˌmaɪt/ n
dolomit
mineral

dolorous /ˈdoʊləɹəs/ /ˈdɒləɹəs/ adj
boleściwy
solemnly or ponderously sad

dolour /ˈdoʊlɚ/ /ˈdɒlə/ /ˈdəʊlə/ n
boleść rozpacz żal
anguish, grief, misery, or sorrow

dolphin /ˈdɑlf.ɪn/ /ˈdɒlf.ɪn/ [ˈdɑl̥fɪn] [ˈdɒl̥fɪn] n
delfin
aquatic mammal

dolphin striker n
delfiniak
spar

dolphinarium /dɑl.fɪˈnɛəɹ.i.əm/ /dɒl.fɪˈnɛəɹ.i.əm/ n
delfinarium

dolt /doʊlt/ /dɒlt/ /dɔʊlt/ /dəʊlt/ n
bęcwał głupek
a stupid person; a blockhead or dullard

domain /doʊˈmeɪn/ /dəʊˈmeɪn/ /dəˈmeɪn/ n
domena
DNS domain name
(taxonomy) highest-level grouping of organisms
collection of computers
collection of information
collection of DNS domain names
small region of magnetic material
domena dziedzina
a field or sphere of activity, influence or expertise
dziedzina
(mathematics) the set on which a function is defined
geographic area owned or controlled by a single person or organization
group of related items

domain of discourse n
obszar rozważań
in formal logic

dome /dəʊm/ n
kopuła
architectural element

domestic /-stək/ /dəˈmes.tɪk/ /dəˈmɛs.tɪk/ adj
domowy
(of a domesticated animal) kept by someone
of or relating to activities normally associated with the home, wherever they actually occur
of or relating to the home
krajowy
internal to a specific country

domestic cat n
kot domowy
domesticated cat

domestic partner n
konkubent konkubentka konkubin konkubina nieślubna nieślubny

domestic violence n
przemoc domowa
violence committed in a domestic setting

domesticate /-kɪt/ /-stə-/ /dəˈmɛ.stɪ.keɪt/ /dəˈmɛ.stɪ.kət/ v
udamawiać się udomawiać się udomowiać się udomowić się
(intransitive) to adapt to live with humans
udomowić udamawiać udomawiać udomowiać
(transitive) to adapt to live with humans

domesticated adj
udomowiony
selectively bred to live with or around humans

domesticity n
domowe zacisze
affection for the home

domicile /ˈdɑ.mɪ.saɪl/ /ˈdɑ.mɪ.sɪl/ /ˈdɒm.ɪ.saɪl/ n
domicyl
home or residence

dominance /ˈdɑmɪnəns/ /ˈdɒmɪnəns/ /ˈdɔmɪnəns/ n
dominacja
state of being dominant

dominant /ˈdɑmənənt/ /ˈdɒmɪnənt/ adj
dominujący
ruling, governing

dominant /ˈdɑmənənt/ /ˈdɒmɪnənt/ n
dominant
organism
dominanta
tone of a musical scale

dominate /ˈdɑ.məˌneɪt/ /ˈdɒm.əˌneɪt/ /ˈdɔm.əˌnæɪt/ v
dominować górować
to overlook from a height
dominować przewyższać przewyższyć zdominować
to govern, rule or control by superior authority or power
dominować zdominować
to exert an overwhelming guiding influence over something or someone

domination /ˌdɑːməˈneɪʃən/ /ˌdɒməˈneɪʃən/ n
dominacja
act of dominating

dominatrix /ˌdɒmɪˈneɪtɹɪks/ n
domina
A dominant female in sadomasochistic practices

dominical /dəʊ-/ /dəˈmɪnək(ə)l/ /dəˈmɪnɪk(ə)l/ adj
niedzielne
of or pertaining to Sunday

dominion /doʊˈmɪnjən/ /dəˈmɪnjən/ n
dominacja
power or the use of power; sovereignty over something
dominium
kingdom, nation, or other sphere of influence

domino /ˈdɑmɪnoʊ/ /ˈdɒmɪnəʊ/ n
domino
block used in dominoes
masquerade costume
person wearing the costume

domino effect n
efekt domina
chain of events

dominoes /ˈdɑmɪnoʊz/ /ˈdɒmɪnəʊz/ n
domino
game

domovoy n
domowik domownik domowoj domowy
type of house sprite

don /dɑn/ /dɒn/ v
ubierać wkładać zakładać
put on clothes

don't /doʊnt/ /dəʊnt/ [doʊ̯n] [dõʊ̯̃(ʔ)t̚] [dõʔ] [dəʊ̯nt̚] v
nie
do not

don't change a winning team proverb
zwycięskiego składu się nie zmienia

don't count your chickens before they're hatched proverb
nie chwal dnia przed zachodem słońca nie dziel skóry na niedźwiedziu nie mów hop, póki nie przeskoczysz
one should not depend upon a favorable outcome to one's plans until it is certain to occur

don't get someone started phraseologicalUnit
nie każ mi zaczynać nie zaczynaj
used to attempt to avoid a discussion

don't look a gift horse in the mouth proverb
darowanemu koniowi nie zagląda się w zęby darowanemu koniowi nie zaglądaj w zęby darowanemu koniowi w zęby się nie patrzy darowanemu koniowi w zęby się nie zagląda
a phrase referring to unappreciatively questioning of a gift or handout too closely

don't mention it phraseologicalUnit
nie ma za co nie ma o czym mówić
it is too trivial to warrant thanks

don't mind if I do phraseologicalUnit
chętnie
used to express acceptance of something offered to the speaker

don't put all your eggs in one basket proverb
nie stawiaj wszystkiego na jedną kartę.
do not dedicate all your resources to one project

don't shoot the messenger proverb
nie strzelaj do posłańca
the bearer of bad news should not be held accountable for the bad news

don't sweat it phraseologicalUnit
nie bój żaby
Do not worry about it

don't try to teach grandma how to suck eggs proverb
nie ucz ojca dzieci robić
don't teach an expert

don't worry phraseologicalUnit
nie martw się
indicates to the interlocutor not to worry about something

donate /doʊˈneɪt/ /dəʊˈneɪt/ /dəˈneɪt/ /ˈdoʊˌneɪt/ v
podarować
to give away something of value

donation /doʊˈneɪʃən/ /dəʊˈneɪʃən/ n
dar datek darowizna donacja
a voluntary gift or contribution for a specific cause

done for adj
skończony
without hope

doner kebab /ˈdɒn.ə(ɹ) kəˌbæb/ /ˌdoʊ.nɚ kɪˈbɑb/ n
kebab kebs
Turkish dish of grilled meat served with pita

donkey /ˈdɑŋki/ /ˈdɒŋki/ /ˈdɔŋki/ /ˈdʌŋki/ n
osioł
a fool
a stubborn person
osioł oślica
a domestic animal

donkey work n
czarna robota robota głupiego
hard, boring, routine work

donor /ˈdoʊnɚ/ /ˈdəʊnə/ n
darczyńca dawca ofiarodawca
one who donates

doodle /ˈdud(ə)l/ /ˈduːdl̩/ n
bazgroły gryzmoły
small mindless sketch
siusiak
penis

doodle /ˈdud(ə)l/ /ˈduːdl̩/ v
gryzmolić bazgrać nagryzmolić
to draw or scribble aimlessly

doodlebug n
mrówkolew
antlion larva

doodler n
bazgracz

doofus /ˈduːfəs/ n
głupek
person with poor judgement and taste

doohickey /ˈduhɪki/ n
wihajster
a thing

doom /duːm/ n
fatum
destiny, especially terrible
groza
feeling of danger
osąd sąd
obsolete: judgment or decision
wyrok
obsolete: sentence or penalty
zagłada zguba
undesirable fate
zguba
death

doomed /duːmd/ adj
skazany
certain to suffer death, failure, or a similarly negative outcome

doomsday /ˈduːmz.deɪ/ n
Dzień Sądu Ostatecznego sąd ostateczny
day when God is expected to judge the world

door /do(ː)ɹ/ /doə/ /doɹ/ /doʊ/ /dɔː/ n
drzwi
portal of entry into a building, room or vehicle

door frame /ˈdɔɹ ˌfɹeɪm/ /ˈdɔː ˌfɹeɪm/ n
futryna ościeżnica
frame into which a door is fitted

door handle n
klamka antaba
mechanism used to open or close a door

door opener n
otwieracz drzwi
literal sense

doorbell /ˈdɔɹ.bɛl/ /ˈdɔː.bɛl/ n
dzwonek dzwonek do drzwi
device on or adjacent to an outer door for announcing one's presence

doorframe /ˈdɔɹˌfɹeɪm/ /ˈdɔːˌfɹeɪm/ n
ościeżnica
frame into which a door is fitted

doorjamb n
futryna
upright post on either side of the door

doorkeeper n
dozorca dozorczyni odźwierna odźwierny portier portierka
person in charge of an entryway

doorknob /ˈdɔɹ.nɑb/ /ˈdɔː.nɒb/ n
klamka
circular device attached to a door, the rotation of which permits the unlatching of a door

doorknocker n
antaba kołatka
knocker mounted on a door

doorman n
odźwierny portier
man who holds open the door at the entrance to a building

doormat /ˈdɔɹˌmæt/ /ˈdɔːˌmæt/ n
pantofel wycieraczka
someone that is over-submissive to other's wishes
wycieraczka
coarse mat that appears at the entrance to a house

doorstep /ˈdɔː(ɹ)stɛp/ n
pajda skiba
thick slice of bread
próg
threshold of a doorway

doorway /ˈdo(ː)ɹweɪ/ /ˈdoəweɪ/ /ˈdɔɹweɪ/ /ˈdɔːweɪ/ n
wejście
passage of a door

dopamine /ˈdoʊ.pəˌmin/ /ˈdəʊ.pə.miːn/ n
dopamina
neurotransmitter

dope [doʊp] [dəʊp] n
aerożel
aeronautics: varnish used to waterproof, strengthen, etc.
biała śmierć
slang: any narcotic
debil debilka
slang: stupid person

doping n
doping
use of drugs to improve athletic performance

doppelganger /-ˌɡæŋə/ /-ˌɡæŋəɹ/ /ˈdɑp(ə)lˌɡɛŋəɹ/ /ˈdɒp(ə)lˌɡɛŋə/ n
sobowtór
remarkably similar double
ghostly double of a living person

dormant /ˈdɔɹmənt/ /ˈdɔːmənt/ adj
uśpiony
inactive, asleep, suspended

dormant volcano n
wulkan drzemiący
inactive volcano that may resume activity

dormer-window n
facjata
upright window in a roof

dormitory /ˈdɔɹmɪˌtɔɹi/ n
akademik
room for sleeping
akademik internat dormitorium
building or part thereof

dormouse /ˈdɔɹmaʊs/ /ˈdɔːmaʊs/ n
popielica pilch
rodent

dorsal /ˈdɔɹ.səl/ /ˈdɔː.sl̩/ /ˈdɔː.səl/ adj
dorsalny grzbietowy
relating to the side in which the backbone is located

dorsal fin n
płetwa grzbietowa
fin on a marine animal's back

dosa /ˈdoʊsə/ /ˈdəʊsə/ n
dosa
type of pancake

dose /doʊs/ /dəʊs/ n
dawka
measured portion of medicine
dawka doza miarka porcja
quantity of an agent administered at any one time

dose /doʊs/ /dəʊs/ v
dawkować dozować
to administer a dose

dosh /dɒʃ/ n
hajs
slang: money

doss-house n
noclegownia
sleeping-place for the homeless

dossier /-si.ɚ/ /ˈdɑ.si.eɪ/ /ˈdɑs.jeɪ/ /ˈdɒs.i.eɪ/ /ˈdɔ.si.eɪ/ /ˈdɔs.jeɪ/ n
dossier akta dokumentacja
collection of papers and/or other sources

dot /dɑt/ /dɒt/ /dɔt/ n
kropka
dot in URL's or email addresses
punctuation mark
morse code symbol
diacritical mark
kropka przecinek
decimal point
kropka punkt
small spot or mark

dot /dɑt/ /dɒt/ /dɔt/ v
cętkować kropkować wykropkować wykropkowywać zakropkować zakropkowywać
To cover with dots, to mark with dots

dot the i's and cross the t's /ˌdɑt ði ˈaɪz ən ˌkɹɔs ðə ˈtiz/ /ˌdɒt ði ˈaɪz ən ˌkɹɒs ðə ˈtiːz/ /ˌdɔt ðɘ ˈɒez ɘn ˌkɹɔs ðɘ ˈtɘiz/ v
dopiąć na ostatni guzik postawić kropkę nad i
Take care of every detail

dot-com bubble n
bańka internetowa

dotage /ˈdoʊtɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈdəʊtɪdʒ/ n
zdziecinnienie
senility

dotard /ˈdoʊ.tɑɹd/ /ˈdoʊ.tɚd/ /ˈdəʊ.təd/ n
ramol
old person with impaired intellect

dote /dəʊt/ v
szaleć ubóstwiać
to be foolishly fond of

dotted /ˈdɑtɪd/ /ˈdɒtɪd/ adj
kropkowany
(of a line) made up of a series of dots

double /ˈdʌb(ə)l/ /ˈdʌbl̩/ [ˈdʌb.ɫ] adj
dwojaki podwójny
having two aspects; ambiguous
dwumiejscowy dwuosobowy
designed for two users
podwójny
made up of two matching or complementary elements
podwójny podwojony
twice the quantity

double /ˈdʌb(ə)l/ /ˈdʌbl̩/ [ˈdʌb.ɫ] n
dublet
redundant item for which an identical item already exists
dwukrotność
twice the number or size etc
sobowtór
a person resembling or standing for another

double /ˈdʌb(ə)l/ /ˈdʌbl̩/ [ˈdʌb.ɫ] v
dublować zastąpić zastępować zdublować
to act as substitute
podwajać dublować podwoić zdublować
(transitive) to multiply by two
podwajać podwoić
(intransitive) to increase by 100%

double Dutch /dʌb.əl ˈdʌtʃ/ n
chińszczyzna
incomprehensible language

double act n
duet
comic pairing

double agent n
podwójny agent

double bass /ˈdʌ.bl̩beɪs/ n
kontrabas
largest instrument of violin family

double boiler n
bemar
pan containing hot water

double chin n
podwójny podbródek
a layer of fat under the chin

double door n
podwoje
a set of two adjoining doors that can be opened independently

double entendre /dubl ɑ̃tɑ̃ːdɹ/ /dʌbəl ɒnˈtɒndɹə/ n
dwuznacznik
phrase with two meanings

double flat n
bemol podwójny
music: an accidental that indicates that a note should be played a whole step lower

double life /ˈdʌb(ə)l ˌlaɪf/ n
podwójne życie
existence or life that has two aspects, particularly when one of them is regarded as embarrassing, immoral, or unlawful and thus kept hidden from a person's family, friends, and work colleagues

double penetration n
na dwa baty podwójna penetracja
The simultaneous penetration of one or more orifices of one person by two other people

double room n
pokój dwuosobowy
hotel room with two beds or one double bed

double sharp n
podwójny krzyżyk
music: an accidental that indicates that a note should be played a whole step higher

double sheet bend n
węzeł bramszotowy
knot

double standard n
podwójny standard
the situation of groups one of which is excused from following a standard

double track n
dwutorowy
two parallel tracks

double-barrelled shotgun n
dubeltówka dwururka
type of shot-firing gun

double-blind adj
podwójnie ślepy
describing a type of experiment

double-blind test n
podwójnie ślepa próba
form of scientific testing

double-click n
dwumlask podwójne kliknięcie
action or event of pushing mouse-button twice

double-decker n
piętrus pojazd piętrowy
bus with two decks

double-decker bus n
piętrowy autobus
bus that has two levels of seating

double-digit adj
dwucyfrowy
between 10 and 99 inclusive

double-edged adj
obosieczny
a blade that is sharp on both edges
figuratively: possibly dangerous, ambiguous

double-edged sword n
miecz obosieczny
idiomatic

double-entry adj
księgowość podwójna
describing a method of bookkeeping

double-u /ˈdʌbəljuː/ /ˌdʌb.əlˈjuː/ n
wu
name of the letter W, w

doubles n
debel
a game between pairs of players

doublethink n
dwójmyślenie
the power of holding two contradictory beliefs

doubleton n
dubleton
bridge: two cards of same suit

doubloon /dʌˈbluːn/ n
dublon
former Spanish gold coin

doubly /ˈdʌ.bəl.li/ /ˈdʌb.li/ adv
podwójnie
in a double manner

doubt /daʊt/ /dʌʊt/ n
wątpliwość
disbelief or uncertainty (about something)

doubt /daʊt/ /dʌʊt/ v
wątpić powątpiewać zwątpić
to lack confidence in

doubting Thomas n
niewierny Tomasz
one who requires proof

doubtless /ˈdaʊ̯tləs/ /ˈdʌʊ̯tləs/ adj
bez wątpliwości
characterized by no doubt

dough /doʊ/ /dəʊ/ /dʌf/ n
ciasto
mix of flour and other ingredients
forsa
money (slang)

doughnut /ˈdoʊnət/ /ˈdoʊˌnʌt/ /ˈdəʊˌnʌt/ n
obwarzanek
anything in the shape of a torus
pączek oponka
deep-fried piece of dough or batter

dour /ˈdaʊ.ɚ/ /ˈdaʊə/ /ˈdaʊɚ/ /ˈdur/ /ˈdʊə/ /ˈdʊɹ/ adj
ponury
expressing gloom or melancholy
srogi
stern, harsh and forbidding

dove /dʌv/ n
gołąb
bird of the family Columbidae

dove of peace n
gołąbek pokoju

dovecote /ˈdʌvkɑt/ /ˈdʌvkɒt/ n
gołębnik
house or box in which domestic pigeons breed

dovelet n
gołębię
a baby dove

doveling n
gołębię
a baby dove

dovetail /ˈdʌvteɪl/ /ˈdʌvˌteɪl/ n
jaskółczy ogon rybi ogon złącze płetwowe
type of joint where adjoining components are fastened by multiple tenons cut into wedge shapes resembling a dove’s tail, which interlock with mortises having corresponding shapes

dowager /ˈdaʊədʒə/ /ˈdaʊəd͡ʒɚ/ n
majętna wdowa
widow

dowager's hump n
wdowi garb

down /daʊn/ adv
na dole
in a lower position
pionowo
in crosswords
w dół na dół
from a high to a low position, downwards

down /daʊn/ n
puch
soft, immature feathers

down in the dumps adj
zdołowany
sad

down jacket n
kurtka puchowa puchowa kurtka puchówka
type of jacket

down payment n
przedpłata
payment representing a fraction of the price

down with interjection
precz z
away with
expressing disapproval of or encouraging actions against

down-to-earth /ˌdaʊn.ɾəˈɚθ/ adj
praktyczny pragmatyczny realistyczny
practical; realistic

downbeat /ˈdaʊnbiːt/ n
akcentowana miara taktu
accented beat

downburst n
nawałnica szkwał
air current

downfall /daʊnˈfɔːl/ /ˈdaʊnfɔːl/ n
upadek
precipitous decline in fortune; death or rapid deterioration, as in status or wealth

downhill /ˈdaʊnˌhɪl/ /ˌdaʊnˈhɪl/ adv
w dół
down a slope

download /ˈdaʊnˌloʊd/ /ˈdaʊnˌləʊd/ /ˌdaʊnˈləʊd/ n
pobieranie
file transfer to the local computer

download /ˈdaʊnˌloʊd/ /ˈdaʊnˌləʊd/ /ˌdaʊnˈləʊd/ v
ściągać pobrać pobierać ściągnąć
to transfer data from a remote computer to a local one

downplay v
bagatelizować bimbać lekceważyć zbagatelizować zlekceważyć
to de-emphasize; to present or portray something as less important or consequential

downpour /ˈdaʊn.pɔː(ɹ)/ n
ulewa
heavy rain

downright /ˈdaʊnˌɹaɪt/ adv
wręcz
really; actually; quite; thoroughly; utterly

downshift /ˈdaʊnʃɪft/ /ˈdaʊnˌʃɪft/ v
zwalniać
to change one’s career or lifestyle to one which is not as well paid but less stressful and more personally rewarding

downshifting n
downshifting
social trend

downspout n
rura spustowa
vertical pipe or conduit

downstairs /daʊnˈstɛəz/ /daʊnˈstɛɹz/ adj
na dole
downstairs (adjective); a floor lower than the current one

downstairs /daʊnˈstɛəz/ /daʊnˈstɛɹz/ adv
na dole na dół
downstairs (adverb)

downtime /ˈdaʊntaɪm/ /ˈdaʊnˌtaɪm/ n
przestój
amount of time lost due to forces beyond one’s control

downtown n
centrum miasta śródmieście
either the lower, or the business center of a city or town

downvote /ˈdaʊnˌvoʊt/ /ˈdaʊnˌvəʊt/ n
negatywna ocena łapka w dół
instance of downvoting

downvote /ˈdaʊnˌvoʊt/ /ˈdaʊnˌvəʊt/ v
oceniać negatywnie
assert a vote against

dowry /ˈdaʊəɹi/ /ˈdaʊɹi/ n
posag wiano
property or payment given at time of marriage

dowryless /ˈdaʊ.ɹi.ləs/ adj
bezposażny

dowser /ˈdaʊzə/ n
radiesteta radiestetka różdżkarka różdżkarz
one who uses the dowser or divining rod

doxology /dɑkˈsɑləd͡ʒi/ /dɒkˈsɒlədʒi/ n
doksologia
expression of praise to God, especially a short hymn

doze /doʊz/ v
drzemać podrzemać
to sleep lightly or briefly

dozen /ˈdʌzən/ n
dziesiątki kilkadziesiąt tuziny
dozens: a large number
tuzin
twelve

dozy adj
śpiący
sleepy

drab /dɹæb/ adj
bezbarwny
with a dull or uninteresting appearance

drably adv
bezbarwnie

drabness n
bezbarwność

dracaena n
dracena
any of the genus Dracaena

draconian /dɹeɪˈkoʊ.ni.ən/ /dɹækˈəʊ.ni.ən/ /dɹəˈkoʊ.ni.ən/ /dɹəˈkəʊ.ni.ən/ adj
drakoński
severe, oppressive or strict

draft /dɹæft/ /dɹɑːft/ adj
beczkowy z kija
referring to drinks on tap

draft /dɹæft/ /dɹɑːft/ n
ciąg cug
draw through a flue
haust łyk
amount of liquid that is drunk in one swallow
pobór
conscription
przeciąg cug
current of air coming in
szkic
preliminary sketch or outline
szkic zarys
early version of a written work
trata
order for money to be paid
zanurzenie
depth of water needed to float ship

draft /dɹæft/ /dɹɑːft/ v
pisać
to write a law
powołać
to conscript a person

draft dodger n
dekownik
person who illicitly seeks to avoid compulsory military service

draft horse n
koń pociągowy
horse used for muscular work

draftee n
rekrut
one who is drafted

drag /dɹæɡ/ [d͡ɹ̝˗ʷæˑɡ] n
rozczarowanie
someone or something that is disappointing

drag /dɹæɡ/ [d͡ɹ̝˗ʷæˑɡ] v
ciągnąć wlec
to pull along a surface
wlec
to move slowly

drag queen n
drag queen
male who dresses up in women's clothing

drag through the mud v
hańbić zhańbić

dragline excavator /-ɾɚ/ /ˈdɹæɡlaɪn ˈɛkskəˌveɪtə/ /ˈdɹæɡlaɪn ˈɛkskəˌveɪtɚ/ n
koparka zgarniakowa
any of several very large vehicles used for lifting

dragnet n
obława
Heightened efforts by law-enforcement personnel to capture suspects.

dragoman n
dragoman
an interpreter, especially for the Arabic and Turkish languages

dragon /ˈdɹæɡən/ [ˈdɹeɪɡən] n
smoczyca
pejorative: unpleasant woman
smok żmij
mythical creature

dragon fruit /ˈdɹæɡ.ən ˌfɹuːt/ n
pitaja smoczy owoc
fruit

dragoness /ˈdɹæɡənɛs/ n
smoczyca
a female dragon

dragonfly /ˈdɹæɡənˌflaɪ/ n
ważka
insect of the infraorder Anisoptera

dragonspeak n
smoczy język

dragoon /dɹæ-/ /dɹəˈɡun/ /dɹəˈɡuːn/ n
dragon
soldier armed with a dragoon musket; cavalier or horse soldier from a regiment formerly armed with such muskets
variety of pigeon

dragée /dɹæˈʒeɪ/ n
draża drażetka
a sweet or confection, originally used to administer drugs, medicine, etc.

drain /dɹeɪn/ /dɹiːn/ [d͡ʒɹeɪn] n
dren
(electronics) name of one terminal of a transistor

drain /dɹeɪn/ /dɹiːn/ [d͡ʒɹeɪn] v
osuszyć
dry out a wet place

drainage basin n
dorzecze zlewnia
topographic region in which all water drains to a common outlet

draining board n
ociekacz
board beside a kitchen sink for draining kitchen utensils

drainless adj
bezodpływowy

drainpipe n
rynna (odpływowa)
pipe connecting the drain to the gutter

draisine n
drezyna
light auxiliary rail vehicle

drake /dɹeɪk/ n
kaczor
male duck

drama /ˈdɹeɪmə/ /ˈdɹæmə/ /ˈdɹɑmə/ /ˈdɹɑːmə/ n
dramat
composition
theatrical plays
dramatic situation
brought through the media

drama king n
aferzysta

drama queen n
aferzystka
exaggeratedly dramatic person

dramatic /dɹəˈmætɪk/ adj
dramatyczny
of or relating to the drama
striking in appearance or effect

dramatically adv
dramatycznie
in a dramatic manner

dramatize v
dramatyzować
to present something in a dramatic or melodramatic manner

dramaturgic /ˈdɹæm.ə.tɚ.dʒɪk/ /ˌdɹæm.əˈtəː.dʒɪk/ /ˌdɹɑ.məˈtɚ.dʒɪk/ /ˌdɹɑː.məˈtəː.dʒɪk/ adj
dramaturgiczny
of or relating to the art of dramatic composition for the stage

dramaturgy /ˈdɹæməˌtɜː(ɹ)d͡ʒi/ n
dramatopisarstwo dramaturgia
art of dramaturgic composition

dramedy n
komediodramat
film/TV programme of this genre
genre

drastic /ˈdɹæs.tɪk/ /ˈdɹɑːs.tɪk/ adj
drastyczny
extreme, severe

draught /dɹæft/ /dɹɑːft/ n
bierka pion pionek warcab
game piece
warcabowy

draught animal n
zwierzę pociągowe
animal used to pull heavy objects

draughts /dɹæfts/ /dɹɑːfts/ n
warcaby
game for two players

draughtsman /ˈdɹɑːftsmən/ n
kreślarka kreślarz
person skilled at drawing engineering or architectural plans

draw /dɹɑ/ /dɹɔ/ /dɹɔː/ /d͡ʒɹɔ/ [d͡ʒɹɔɹ] n
losowanie
procedure by which the result of a lottery is determined
remis
tie as a result of a game

draw /dɹɑ/ /dɹɔ/ /dɹɔː/ /d͡ʒɹɔ/ [d͡ʒɹɔɹ] v
ciągnąć los
to determine the result of a lottery
pociągać
to attract
polegać
to rely on
remisować
to end a game with neither side winning
rysować narysować
to produce a picture
wyciągać wniosek
to deduce or infer
wyrywać wyciągać
to pull out, unsheath
zasuwać
to close curtains etc.

draw a blank v
mieć pustkę w głowie
being unable to recall a piece of information

draw and quarter v
poćwiartować ćwiartować
то execute a person

draw attention v
zwracać uwagę zwrócić uwagę
to rouse someone to notice something, to cause someone to focus on something

draw lots v
losować wylosować

draw one's last breath v
wycisnąć ostatni dech
to die

draw up v
sporządzić
to compose a document

drawback /ˈdɹɔːˌbæk/ n
wada
a disadvantage

drawbridge /ˈdɹɔːbɹɪd͡ʒ/ n
most zwodzony
bridge which can be raised

drawer /dɹɔɹ/ /dɹɔː(ɹ)/ /ˈdɹɑ.ɚ/ /ˈdɹɔ.ɚ/ /ˈdɹɔɹɚ/ /ˈdɹɔː.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈdɹɔːɹə(ɹ)/ n
szuflada
open-topped box in a cabinet used for storing
rysownik
one who draws something
artist who primarily makes drawings

drawing /ˈdɹɑ.ɪŋ/ /ˈdɹɔː.ɪŋ/ /ˈdɹɔːɹɪŋ/ n
losowanie
action where the outcome is selected by chance using a draw
rysunek
picture, likeness, diagram or representation
graphic art form

drawing board /ˈdʒɹɔɪŋ bɔːd/ /ˈdʒɹɔɪŋ bɔːɹd/ n
deska kreślarska
plane surface or table to which paper can be fastened for drawing purposes

drawing knife n
ośnik
a tool for woodworking

dreaded /ˈdɹɛ.dəd/ /ˈdɹɛ.dɪd/ adj
straszny
Causing fear, dread or terror

dreadnought /ˈdɹɛd.nɔt/ n
drednot
battleship

dream /dɹiːm/ [d̠͡ɹ̠˔ʷɪi̯m] [d͡ʒɹiːm] n
marzenie sen
hope or wish
sen sny
imaginary events seen while sleeping

dream /dɹiːm/ [d̠͡ɹ̠˔ʷɪi̯m] [d͡ʒɹiːm] v
marzyć śnić
to hope, to wish
śnić marzyć
see imaginary events while sleeping

dream come true n
spełnienie marzeń spełnione marzenie
desire that has finally happened

dream up v
wyśnić zmyślić
have an imaginative, unusual or foolish idea, invent something unreal

dreamcatcher n
łapacz snów
decorative Native American object

dreamer /ˈdɹimɚ/ /ˈdɹiːmə/ [d͡ʒɹimɚ] n
marzyciel
one who dreams
marzyciel marzycielka
someone whose beliefs are far from realistic

dreamland n
kraina snów
imaginary world experienced while dreaming

dreamlike adj
oniryczny
like something from a dream

dredge /dɹɛd͡ʒ/ v
bagrować wybagrować
to bring something to the surface with a dredge

dredger /ˈdɹɛdʒ.ə(ɹ)/ n
bagier bagrownica draga pogłębiarka
A vessel

dredgerman n
bagrzysta

dreg /dɹɛɡ/ n
osad
sediment in a liquid

dregs /dɹɛɡz/ n
fusy
settled sediment

dreidel /ˈdɹeɪdl̩/ n
drejdel
four-sided spinning top

dress /dɹɛs/ n
strój ubiór
apparel or clothing
sukienka suknia
item of clothing which both covers the upper part of the body and includes a skirt below the waist

dress /dɹɛs/ v
odziewać ubierać odziać ubrać
to put on clothes
opatrywać opatrzyć
to apply a dressing to or otherwise treat (a wound)
ubierać
to put clothes on (oneself or someone, etc.)

dress code n
dress code
formal specification of acceptable attire

dress rehearsal n
próba generalna
rehearsal prior to a public spectacle, where all the performers are in costume

dress shirt n
koszula frakowa
collared shirt

dress up v
przebierać się przebrać się
to put on a costume portraying oneself as a particular character or figure
stroić wystrajać wystroić
to put on special or fancy clothes
ubierać ubrać
to present in a better light

dressage /ˈdɹɛs.ɑːʒ/ n
ujeżdżenie
horse sport

dressed up adj
przebrany wystrojony
wearing a costume

dresser /ˈdɹɛsə/ n
kredens
kitchen furniture

dressing /ˈdɹɛsɪŋ/ n
dressing
sauce, especially a cold one for salads
opatrunek
material applied to a wound

dressing gown /ˈdɹɛsɪŋ ɡaʊn/ n
podomka szlafrok
item of clothing

dressing room /ˈd(ʒ)ɹɛsɪŋ ɹum/ /ˈdɹɛsɪŋ ɹuːm/ /ˈdɹɛsɪŋ ɹʊm/ n
garderoba
a small room adjoining a domestic bedroom where people may dress or undress in privacy

dressing table n
toaletka pudreza
low table equipped with mirror for dressing and makeup

dressmaker /ˈdɹɛsˌmeɪkɚ/ n
krawcowa
person who makes women's clothes

dribble /dɹɪ.bl̩/ /ˈdɹɪ.b(ə)l/ /ˈdɹɪ.bəl/ /ˈdɹɪ.bɫ̩/ v
kozłować
to move (with) a ball by kicking or bouncing it

dried /dɹaɪd/ [d͡ʒɹaɪd] adj
suszony
without water or moisture
preserved by drying

dried fruit n
bakalie
small fruit that have been preserved by drying

drift /dɹɪft/ n
dryft
act or motion of drifting
zaspa
mass of matter which has been driven or forced onward together in a body, or thrown together in a heap, etc.

drift /dɹɪft/ v
dryfować
to move slowly, pushed by currents of water, air, etc

drill /dɹɪl/ [dɹɪɫ] n
musztra
activity done as an exercise or practice
wiertarka wiertło
tool
wiertło
driving part of a drill
drelich
cotton fabric

drill /dɹɪl/ [dɹɪɫ] v
musztrować ćwiczyć
to practice
wiercić borować świdrować
to make a hole

drill sergeant n
instruktor musztry
drill instructor

drink /dɹɪŋk/ [d̠ɹ̠˔ʷɪŋk] n
drink napój
served alcoholic beverage
napój
type of beverage
napój pić
served beverage
picie pić
action of drinking
trunki napój
alcoholic beverages in general

drink /dɹɪŋk/ [d̠ɹ̠˔ʷɪŋk] v
pić
consume alcoholic beverages
consume liquid through the mouth

drink like a fish v
pić jak szewc
drink alcohol heavily

drink up v
napić się wypić zerować
finish one's drink

drinkable adj
pitny
safe to drink

drinking /ˈdɹɪŋkɪŋ/ n
picie
act or session by which drink is consumed

drinking game n
gra do picia
game involving drinking

drinking horn n
róg do picia
drinking vessel fashioned from an animal's horn

drinking straw n
słomka
a long plastic or paper tube through which a drink is drunk

drinking water n
woda pitna woda do picia woda zdatna do picia
water for humans

drip /dɹɪp/ n
kropla
a drop of a liquid
kroplówka
an apparatus that slowly releases a liquid

drip /dɹɪp/ v
ciec przeciekać
to leak slowly
kapać
to fall one drop at a time
nakapać
to let fall in drops

drivable /ˈdɹaɪvəbl̩/ adj
przejezdny
capable of being driven on (road)

drive /dɹaɪv/ [d̠ɹ̠ ̝ʷaɪv] [d͡ʒɹaɪv] n
napęd stacja
computing: mass-storage device
napęd stacja dysków
computing: apparatus for reading and writing to or from a storage device
przejażdżka
trip made in a motor vehicle

drive /dɹaɪv/ [d̠ɹ̠ ̝ʷaɪv] [d͡ʒɹaɪv] v
gnać
to impel or urge (especially animals) onward by force; to push forward; to compel to move on
prowadzić kierować
to operate (a wheeled motorized vehicle)
wbijać wbić
to move (something) by hitting it with great force

drivel /dɹɪv.əl/ n
bełkot
senseless talk

drivel /dɹɪv.əl/ v
bajać bajdurzyć
to talk nonsense

driveless adj
beznapędowy
without a mechanical drive

driver /ˈdɹaɪ.və(ɹ)/ /ˈdɹaɪvɚ/ n
kierowca szofer automobilista automobilistka
person who drives a motorized vehicle, such as a car or a bus
sterownik drajwer driver
program acting as interface between an application and hardware

driver's license n
prawo jazdy prawko
documenting permitting a person to drive

driveway n
podjazd do domu
short private road that leads to a house or garage

driving /ˈdɹaɪvɪŋ/ adj
napędowy
that drives

driving /ˈdɹaɪvɪŋ/ n
jazda
action of operating a motor vehicle

driving force n
siła napędowa
driving force

driving school n
szkoła jazdy
institution where people learn to drive

drizzle /ˈdɹɪz.l/ n
mżawka
light rain

drizzle /ˈdɹɪz.l/ v
mżyć siąpić kropić
to rain lightly
sikać
to urinate
skropić
to pour slowly and evenly

drollery /ˈdɹəʊləɹi/ n
komizm zabawność
comical quality

dromedary /-dɹi/ /-mə-/ /ˈdrʌ-/ /ˈdɹɑməˌdɛɹi/ /ˈdɹɒmɪdəɹi/ n
dromader wielbłąd jednogarbny
single-humped camel

drone /dɹoʊn/ /dɹəʊn/ n
dron bezpilotowiec bezzałogowiec samolot bezzałogowy
unmanned aircraft
truteń
male bee
brzęczenie buczenie
hum or buzz
brzęczeć buczeć
a low-pitched hum or buzz
burdon bąk piszczałka burdonowa
fixed-pitch pipe in bagpipe

drone /dɹoʊn/ /dɹəʊn/ v
mówić monotonnie
to speak in a monotone way

drone on v
marudzić pomarudzić

droning /ˈdɹoʊnɪŋ/ /ˈdɹəʊnɪŋ/ n
buczenie

drool /dɹuːl/ v
ślinić się
to secrete saliva

drop /dɹɑp/ /dɹɒp/ [d͡ʒɹɑp] n
drops
small, round piece of hard candy
kropla
small quantity of liquid, just large enough to hold its own round shape through surface tension
very small quantity of liquid, or of anything
dose of liquid medicine in the form of a drop
krople
liquid medicine intended to be administered in drops
spad
fruit which has fallen off a tree, etc., or has been knocked off accidentally, rather than picked
spadek obniżenie
distance through which something drops, or falls below a certain level
upadek
act of moving downwards under the force of gravity
zrzut
place where items or supplies may be left for others to collect

drop /dɹɑp/ /dɹɒp/ [d͡ʒɹɑp] v
kapać kapnąć kropić
to fall in drops or droplets
odwołać usuwać wyrzucać
to cease to include, as if on a list
padnąć
to fall or sink quickly or suddenly to the ground
spadać spaść upadać upaść
to fall (straight down) under the influence of gravity
spuszczać spuścić
to move to a lower position; to allow to hang downwards
tracić na wartości
to decrease, diminish, or lessen in condition, degree, value, etc.
upuszczać
to let (something) fall; to allow (something) to fall (either by releasing hold of, or losing one's grip on)
wpadać wpaść
of a person: to visit someone or somewhere informally or without a prior appointment
wrzucić zapodać zarzucić
to swallow (a drug, particularly LSD)
ściszać ściszyć
to lower (a sound, a voice, etc.) in pitch or volume

drop in the bucket n
kropla w morzu kropla w morzu potrzeb
an effort or action having very little influence, especially as compared to a huge problem

drop like flies v
padać jak muchy
die en masse

droplet /ˈdɹɑːplət/ /ˈdɹɒplət/ n
kropelka
very small drop

dropsy /ˈdrɑp.si/ /ˈdrɒp.si/ n
puchlina puchlina wodna
swelling

dropwort n
wiązówka bulwowa
perennial herb

droshky /ˈdɹɒʃki/ n
dorożka
open horse-drawn carriage, especially in Russia

drosophila /dɹoʊˈsɑfələ/ /dɹəˈsɑfələ/ n
drozofila muszka owocowa muszka owocówka octówka wywilżanka wywilżna

drought /dɹaʊt/ [dɹʌʊt] n
susza
period of unusually low rain fall

drought-tolerant adj
suszoodporny
able to survive long periods of time without rain

drown /dɹaʊn/ [d̠͡ɹ̠˔ʷaʊn] v
tonąć utonąć
to be suffocated in fluid
utopić
to deprive of life by immersion in liquid

drown one's sorrows v
topić smutki
to drink alcohol heavily to deal with miserable feelings

drowning /ˈdɹaʊnɪŋ/ n
utonięcie
instance of drowning

drowsiness n
ospałość senność śpiączka

drowsy /ˈdɹaʊzi/ adj
senny ospały
inclined to drowse

drudgery /ˈdɹʌd͡ʒəɹi/ n
babranina harówka papranina
exhausting, menial, and tedious work

drug /dɹʌɡ/ [d̠͡ɹ̠˔ʷʌɡ] n
narkotyk drag
psychoactive substance ingested for recreational use, especially illegal and addictive one

drug /dɹʌɡ/ [d̠͡ɹ̠˔ʷʌɡ] v
narkotyzować się naszprycować naćpać się szprycować ćpać
to administer intoxicating drugs

drug addict n
narkoman ćpun narkomanka
person with a chemical or psychological dependency on drugs

drug addiction n
narkomania
dependency on illegal drugs

drug dealer n
diler dealer dealerka dilerka
person who illegally sells drugs

drug trafficker n
handlarz narkotykami
A person involved in the smuggling, distribution, and sale of illegal drugs

drug trafficking n
handel narkotykami
smuggling, distribution and sale of drugs

druglord n
baron narkotykowy
person who controls a network of persons involved in the illegal drug trade

druid /ˈdɹuː.ɪd/ n
druid druidka
one of an order of Celtic priests

druidic /dɹuːˈɪd.ɪk/ adj
druidyjski druidzki
of or relating to the druids

drum /ˈdɹʌm/ n
beczka
barrel etc. for liquid
bęben
musical instrument
hollow, cylindrical object

drum /ˈdɹʌm/ v
bębnić
to beat a drum

drum and bass n
drum and bass
genre of electronic music

drum kit n
perkusja
collection of drums and other percussion instruments played together

drum major n
tamburmajor
one who conducts and commands a marching band

drum roll n
dźwięk werbla
sound produced by hitting a drum repeatedly

drumhead court-martial n
sąd polowy sąd wojenny
field court-martial

drummer /ˈdɹʌmə(ɹ)/ /ˈdɹʌmɚ/ n
bębniarz bębnista dobosz perkusista
one who plays the drums

drumstick n
pałeczka
stick used to play drums
udko
leg bone of a chicken or other fowl

drunk /dɹʌŋk/ /d͡ʒɹʌŋk/ adj
pijany napity nietrzeźwy podpity przepity spity
intoxicated after drinking too much alcohol

drunk /dɹʌŋk/ /d͡ʒɹʌŋk/ n
nietrzeźwa nietrzeźwy
one who is drunk
pijaczka menel pijak
habitual drinker

drunk as a cunt adj
najebany najebany w cztery dupy pijany w dupę
extremely drunk

drunk as a skunk adj
nawalony jak Messerschmitt nawalony jak autobus nawalony jak stodoła pijany jak bela pijany jak szewc pijany jak świnia

drunk driving n
pijana jazda pijane jeżdżenie

drunk tank n
izba wytrzeźwień wytrzeźwiałka
cell where drunken people are detained until they are sober

drunkenly adv
pijacko
in a drunken manner

drunkenness /ˈdɹʌŋkən.nəs/ n
pijaństwo
state of being drunk

drupe /dɹuːp/ n
pestkowiec
fruit with soft flesh and a hard pit

dry /dɹaɪ/ [d̠͡ɹ̠˔aɪ̯] [d̠͡ɹ̠˔ʷaɪ̯] [d͡ʒɹaɪ̯] adj
suchy
free from liquid or moisture
maintaining temperance

dry /dɹaɪ/ [d̠͡ɹ̠˔aɪ̯] [d̠͡ɹ̠˔ʷaɪ̯] [d͡ʒɹaɪ̯] v
schnąć wyschnąć wysychać
to become dry
suszyć osuszać wysuszyć
to make dry

dry closet n
sucha toaleta

dry cough n
kaszel suchy
coughing without expectoration

dry ice n
suchy lód
carbon dioxide frozen in the solid state

dry mouth n
kserostomia
dry mouth

dry out v
wyschnąć wysuszać wysuszyć wysychać
(intransitive) to have excess water evaporate
wysuszać wysuszyć
(transitive) to cause moisture to be completely removed from

dry season n
pora sucha
season

dry up v
podsuszać podsuszyć
to cause to become dry

dry valley n
dolina sucha
valley formed by water erosion, but without a permanent surface watercourse, often found in areas of permeable rock such as chalk or limestone

dryad /ˈdɹaɪæd/ /ˈdɹaɪəd/ n
driada
female tree spirit

drydock n
suchy dok
dock that can be drained of water

dryer /ˈdɹaɪə/ /ˈdɹaɪɚ/ [ˈd͡ʒɹaɪɚ] n
suszarka
household appliance for drying clothing

dryly /ˈdɹaɪ.li/ adv
sucho
in a dry manner

drypoint n
sucha igła
a technique of intaglio printmaking

drywall n
płyta gipsowo-kartonowa płyta regipsowa
building material

dual /ˈd(j)u.əl/ /ˈdjuː.əl/ /ˈdʒuː.əl/ adj
podwójna
in grammar
podwójny
double
podwójny dwoisty
having two components

dual /ˈd(j)u.əl/ /ˈdjuː.əl/ /ˈdʒuː.əl/ n
liczba podwójna
grammatical number of a noun marking two of something

dual number n
liczba dualna
element of the algebra of dual numbers

dualism n
dualizm
the view that the world consists of two fundamental principles
the belief that the world is ruled by a pair of antagonistic forces
the condition of being double

duality /d(j)uːˈælɪti/ n
dualność
mathematical equivalence of two seemingly different theoretical descriptions of a physical system
dualność dwoistość
classification into two subclasses or opposed parts

dub /dʌb/ v
dubbingować zdubbingować
to replace soundtrack of a film with translation

dubbing /ˈdʌbɪŋ/ n
dubbing
replacement of voice

dubious /ˈdjuː.bi.əs/ /ˈdu.bi.əs/ adj
niepewny nieprzekonany
in disbelief, uncertain
wątpliwy
arousing doubt

dubiously adv
wątpliwie
in a dubious manner

dubnium /ˈduːbniəm/ /ˈdʌbniəm/ n
dubn
chemical element

dubplate /ˈdʌbpleɪt/ /ˈdʌbˌpleɪt/ /ˈdʌbˌpleːt/ n
płyta gramofonowa
acetate or vinyl record produced in very limited numbers

dubstep /ˈdʌbstɛp/ n
dubstep
A genre of electronic music

ducat /ˈdʌkət/ n
dukat
historical gold coin

duchess /ˈdʌt͡ʃəs/ /ˈdʌt͡ʃɪs/ n
księżna
female ruler of a duchy
female spouse or widow of a duke

duchy /ˈdʌt͡ʃi/ n
księstwo
dominion or region ruled by a duke or duchess

duck /dʌk/ n
kaczka
aquatic bird of the family Anatidae
flesh of a duck used as food
female duck

duck /dʌk/ v
schylić się
to quickly lower the head (transitive)

duckling /ˈdʌklɪŋ/ n
kaczątko kaczę
young duck

duckweed n
rzęsa
plant

dud /dʌd/ n
bubel fajans tandeta
broken or nonfunctional device that does not perform its intended function

dude /duːd/ [dʉːu̯d] n
chłop koleś koleżka stary typek ziomek
colloquial: term of address for a young man
facet chłop facio gostek gościara gościu
colloquial: man

duduk n
duduk
Armenian musical instrument

due /djuː/ /du/ /dʒuː/ /dʒʉː/ adj
należny
owed or owing, to be paid by the stated time
spodziewany
of an event, scheduled, expected

due date n
data zwrotu
date by which a book borrowed from a library must be returned
termin termin porodu
expected date of giving birth

due to preposition
z powodu ze względu na
caused by

duel /ˈd(j)uəl/ /ˈdjuːəl/ n
pojedynek
combat between two persons
struggle between two parties

duel /ˈd(j)uəl/ /ˈdjuːəl/ v
pojedynkować potykać
engage in a duel

duet /djuˈɛt/ /duˈɛt/ n
duet duo
a musical composition for two performers

duffel coat n
budrysówka
hooded coat made from duffel

dugong /ˈdjuːɡɒŋ/ /ˈduɡɑŋ/ n
diugoń
Dugong dugon

dugout n
dłubanka
canoe
ziemianka
shelter

duh /dɜː/ /dʌ/ interjection
ba no ba
Disdainful indication that something is obvious.

duiker /ˈdaɪkə/ /ˈdaɪkɚ/ n
dujker
One of any species of small antelope

duke /d(j)uːk/ /djuːk/ /dʒuːk/ n
książę
male ruler of a duchy
male holder of a dukedom

dulce de leche /ˌdulseɪ də ˈlɛtʃeɪ/ /ˌdʌlseɪ də ˈlɛtʃeɪ/ n
kajmak
sweet dairy spread

dulcimer /ˈdʌl.sɪ.mə/ /ˈdʌl.sɪ.mɚ/ n
cymbały
musical instrument

dull /dəl/ /dəɫ/ /dʌl/ adj
matowy
not shiny
nudny
boring, not exciting or interesting
tępy
lacking the ability to cut easily; not sharp
not bright or intelligent

dull /dəl/ /dəɫ/ /dʌl/ v
stępić
to render dull
stępić się
to become dull

dull as dishwater adj
nudny jak flaki z olejem
extremely boring

dullard /ˈdʌləd/ /ˈdʌlɚd/ n
bęcwał ciemniak głupek nudziarz tępak
A stupid person; a fool

dulse /dʌls/ n
rodymeria palczasta
reddish brown seaweed that is eaten

duly /ˈdjuːli/ /ˈdjʉːli/ /ˈduli/ /ˈdʒuːli/ /ˈdʒʉːli/ adv
należycie
properly

duma /ˈdumə/ n
Duma
lower house of Russian national parliament

dumb /dʌm/ adj
debilny idiotyczny bezmyślny durny pustogłowy tępy
extremely stupid

dumb blonde n
głupia blondynka
female

dumbbell /ˈdʌm.bɛl/ n
ciężarek hantel
a weight with two disks attached to a short bar
głupek tuman
a stupid person

dummy /ˈdʌmi/ n
atrapa
a deliberately nonfunctional placeholder
dziadek
bridge: the partner of the winning bidder, who shows his or her hand
głupek
a stupid person
kukła manekin
something constructed with the size and form of a human

dump /dʌmp/ [dɐm̥p] n
śmietnik
a place where waste or garbage is left

dump /dʌmp/ [dɐm̥p] v
pozbyć się
to discard, to get rid of
rzucić zerwać
to end a relationship
upuścić
to release

dump truck n
wywrotka
heavy truck for carrying loose, bulk cargo

dumping /ˈdʌmpɪŋ/ n
dumping
selling goods at less than their normal price, especially in the export market

dumpling /ˈdʌmp.lɪŋ/ n
pieróg knedel
food

dumpy /ˈdʌmpi/ adj
przysadzisty
short and thick

dun /dʌn/ adj
płowy
of a brownish grey colour

dun /dʌn/ v
przymawiać się przymówić się
to harass by continually repeating a request

dunce /dʌns/ n
antytalent nieuk

dune /djuːn/ /duːn/ /dʒuːn/ n
wydma diuna
a ridge or hill of sand piled up by the wind

dung /ˈdʌŋ/ n
gnój nawóz kał
manure

dungarees /ˌdʌŋ.ɡəˈɹiːz/ n
ogrodniczki
heavy denim pants or overalls

dungeon /ˈdʌn.d͡ʒən/ n
donżon
the main tower of a motte or castle; a keep or donjon
loch ciemnica
underground prison or vault

dunk /dʌŋk/ v
hejtować zhejtować
social media
zanurzać zanurzyć
to submerge briefly in a liquid

dunlin n
biegus zmienny
Calidris alpina

dunnart /ˈdʌnə(ɹ)t/ n
grubogonik
marsupial of the genus Sminthopsis

dunnock n
pokrzywnica płochacz pokrzywnica
bird

duodecimal /ˌd(j)uː.əʊ.ˈdɛs.ɪm.əl/ adj
dwunastkowy
expressed in a base-twelve number system

duodenum /ˌdjuːə(ʊ)ˈdiːnəm/ /ˌduəˈdinəm/ /ˌduˈɑdənəm/ n
dwunastnica
first part of the small intestine

duopoly /djuːˈɒpəli/ /duˈɑpəli/ /duː-/ n
duopol
economic condition in which two sellers exert (most of the) control over the market of a commodity

duotheism n
duoteizm
belief in two dieties

duotheist n
duoteista

dupe /djuːp/ /duːp/ /dʒuːp/ n
naiwniaczek naiwniaczka naiwniak
deceived person

dupe /djuːp/ /duːp/ /dʒuːp/ v
oszukiwać
to swindle, deceive, or trick

duplex /ˈdu.plɛks/ n
bliźniak
house

duplicate /ˈd(j)uː.plɪ.kət/ /ˈd(j)uː.plɪ.ˌkeɪt/ n
duplikat
an identical copy

duplicitous /djuːˈplɪsətəs/ /djʊˈplɪsɪtəs/ /duːˈplɪsətəs/ adj
dwulicowy
given to or marked by deliberate deceptiveness in behavior or speech

duplicity /dju-/ /duˈplɪ.sɪ.ti/ n
dwulicowość
intentional deceptiveness

dura mater /ˈd(j)ʊɹ.ə ˌmeɪ.tɚ/ /ˈd(j)ʊɹ.ə ˌmɑt.ɚ/ /ˌdjʊə.ɹə ˈmeɪ.tə/ n
opona twarda
outermost layer of the meninges

durability n
czas życia żywotność
Permanence by virtue of the power to resist stress or force

duration /djəˈɹeɪʃn̩/ /djʊˈɹeɪʃn̩/ /dəˈɹeɪʃn̩/ /dʒʊˈɹeɪʃn̩/ n
czas trwania trwanie
amount of time

durian /ˈdʊə.ɹi.ən/ /ˈdʊə.ɹiˌɑn/ /ˈdʊə.ɹɪən/ /ˈdʒʊə.ɹɪən/ n
durian
tree
durian zybuczkowiec
fruit

during /ˈd(j)ɜɹɪŋ/ /ˈd(j)ʊəɹɪŋ/ /ˈdjɔː.ɹɪŋ/ /ˈdjʊə.ɹɪŋ/ /ˈdʒɔːɹɪŋ/ /ˈdʒʊəɹɪŋ/ preposition
podczas w ciągu w czasie w trakcie
within a given time interval
for all of a given time interval

dusk /dʌsk/ n
zmierzch
period of time at the end of day when sun is below the horizon but before full onset of night

dusky thrush n
drozd rdzawoskrzydły
Turdus eunomus

dusky tit n
sikora ciemna
Melaniparus funereus

dusky warbler n
świstunka brunatna
Phylloscopus fuscatus

dust /dʌst/ n
kurz proch pył
fine, dry particles

dust bunny /ˈdʌst bʌni/ n
kot kłaki kurzu
a small clump of dust

dust devil /dʌst ˈdɛvəl/ n
trąba pyłowa
a swirling dust in the air

dust jacket n
obwoluta
detachable protective cover of a book

dustless adj
bezpyłowy
not generating dust

dustpan /ˈdʌstpæn/ n
szufelka śmietniczka
flat scoop for assembling dust

dustproof adj
pyłoszczelny
resistent to dust

duststorm /ˈdʌst.stɔɹm/ /ˈdʌst.stɔːm/ n
burza piaskowa burza pyłowa
A storm of dust

dusty /ˈdʌsti/ adj
pylisty
powdery and resembling dust
zakurzony
covered with dust
zgaszony
grey in parts

dutiful adj
odpowiedzialny
accepting of one's obligations

duty /ˈdjuː.ti/ /ˈdu.ti/ /ˈd͡ʒuː.ti/ /ˈd͡ʒʉː.ti/ [ˈdu.ɾi] n
cło
tax; tariff
obowiązek
that which one is morally or legally obligated to do
służba
period of time

duty calls phraseologicalUnit
obowiązki wzywają
expresses that the speaker has something they must do

duty of care n
należyta staranność
legal obligation

duty-free adj
bezcłowy wolnocłowy
exempt from duty, especially customs

duvet /d(j)uːˈveɪ/ /ˈd(j)uːveɪ/ n
kołdra pierzyna
quilt
poszwa
duvet cover

dwarf /dwɔɹf/ /dwɔːf/ adj
karłowaty
miniature

dwarf /dwɔɹf/ /dwɔːf/ n
karzeł
something much smaller than the usual of its sort
karzeł krasnolud
small person
astronomy: relatively small star
karzeł krasnolud krasnoludek skrzat
being from folklore, underground dwelling nature spirit

dwarf elder n
bez hebd
Sambucus ebulus

dwarf planet n
planeta karłowata
a type of celestial body

dwarfish adj
karli karłowaty
being especially small

dwarfism /ˈdwɔɹfɪzəm/ /ˈdwɔːfɪzəm/ n
karłowatość
condition of being a dwarf

dwell /dwɛl/ v
mieszkać zamieszkiwać
live, reside

dwelling /ˈdwɛl.ɪŋ/ n
mieszkanie
house or place in which a person lives

dwindle /ˈdwɪn.dəl/ v
umniejszać
(intransitive) to decrease, shrink, vanish

dyad /ˈdaɪ.æd/ n
diada para
set of two different elements

dye /daɪ/ n
farba barwnik barwidło
a colourant, especially one that has an affinity to the substrate to which it is applied

dye /daɪ/ v
barwić farbować
to colour with dye

dyeability n
barwliwość

dyeable adj
barwliwy
able to be dyed

dyed /daɪd/ adj
barwiony farbowany
colored with dye

dyer /ˈdaɪə/ /ˈdaɪɚ/ n
barwiarka farbiarka farbiarz barwiarz
one whose occupation is to dye

dyery n
farbiarnia
factory where fabric is dyed

dyestuff n
barwnik
soluble pigment

dying /ˈdaɪ.ɪŋ/ adj
umierający
approaching death

dyke /daɪk/ n
dajka
geology: body of once igneous rock injected into older rocks
lesba

dynamic /daɪˈnæm.ɪk/ adj
dynamiczny
not steady; in motion
powerful
able to change

dynamic IP address n
dynamiczne IP dynamiczny adres IP
An IP address which changes periodically

dynamic IP addressing n
dynamiczne adresowanie IP
The state of using a dynamic IP address

dynamically adv
dynamicznie
of a dynamic nature

dynamics n
dynamika
branch of mechanics

dynamite /ˈdaɪ.nəˌmaɪt/ /ˈdɪ.nəˌmaɪt/ n
dynamit
class of explosives
laska dynamitu
stick of trinitrotoluene

dynamo- prefix
dynamo-

dynasty /ˈdaɪnəsti/ /ˈdɪnəsti/ n
dynastia
a series of rulers or dynasts from one family

dyothelism n
dioteletyzm
theological doctrine

dys- prefix
dys-

dyscalculia /ˌdɪskælˈkjuːli.ə/ n
dyskalkulia dyskalkulia rozwojowa
pathology: difficulty with numbers

dysentery /ˈdɪs.ən.tə.ɹi/ /ˈdɪs.ən.tɹi/ /ˈdɪs.ənˌtɛɹ.i/ n
dyzenteria czerwonka
disease characterised by inflammation of the intestines

dysergia n
dysergia

dysfunction /dɪsˈfʌŋk.ʃən/ n
dysfunkcja
failure to function

dysfunctional adj
dysfunkcjonalny dysfunkcyjny
functioning incorrectly or abnormally
not performing properly

dysfunctionality n
patologia
condition of being dysfunctional

dysgraphia n
agrafia dysgrafia
language disorder

dyslexia /dɪsˈlɛk.si.ə/ n
dysleksja
learning disability

dysmelia n
dysmelia
congenital disorder of the limbs

dyspeptic /dɪsˈpɛp.tɪk/ adj
dyspeptyczny niestrawny
of, relating to, or having dyspepsia
nieznośny
irritable or morose

dyspeptic /dɪsˈpɛp.tɪk/ n
cierpiący na niestrawność dyspeptyk
A dyspeptic person

dysphagia n
dysfagia
difficulty in swallowing

dysphemism /ˈdɪs.fəˌmɪ.z(ə)m/ n
dysfemizm
word or phrase used to replace another in this way

dysphoria /dɪsˈfɔːɹi.ə/ n
dysforia
state of feeling unwell, unhappy, restless or depressed

dysphoric adj
dysforyczny
pertaining to, or in a state of dysphoria

dysplasia /dɪsˈpleɪ.ʒə/ n
dysplazja
abnormal development of cells or tissue

dyspnea /dɪspˈniː.ə/ /ˈdɪsp.ni.ə/ n
duszność jaducha zadyszka
difficult or laboured respiration

dyspraxia /dɪsˈpɹæksiə/ n
dyspraksja
disorder

dysprosium /dɪsˈpɹoʊ.zi.əm/ n
dysproz
chemical element

dystopia /dɪs.ˈtoʊ.pi.ə/ /dɪs.ˈtəʊ.pi.ə/ /dɪsˈtɐʉpiə/ n
dystopia antyutopia
vision of a future

dystrophy /ˈdɪstɹəfi/ n
dystrofia
dystrophy

dzhigit n
dżygit
a brave equestrian in the Caucasus and Central Asia

décolletage /dɪˈkɒlətɑːʒ/ n
dekolt głęboki dekolt
low neckline

déjà vu /ˌdeɪ.ʒɑː ˈvuː/ n
déjà vu
something which one has or suspects to have seen or experienced before

détente /deɪˈtɑnt/ /deɪˈtɒnt/ n
détente
a relaxing of tension, especially between countries

e pluribus unum proverb
z wielu jeden
e pluribus unum

e- /i-/ prefix
e-

e-banking n
bankowość elektroniczna e-banking
banking carried out electronically

e-bike /ˈiː.baɪk/ n
e-rower rower elektryczny
bicycle powered by an electric motor

e-book n
e-book e-książka eBook ebook książka elektroniczna
electronic book

e-commerce n
handel elektroniczny handel internetowy
commercial activity conducted via the Internet

e-mail address n
adres poczty elektronicznej adres mailowy adres mejlowy
unique identifier

e-newsletter n
newsletter
electronic newsletter

e-paper n
e-papier

e-reader n
czytnik e-booków czytnik e-książek czytnik ebooków czytnik książek elektronicznych e-czytnik
device

e-scooter n
hulajnoga elektryczna

e.g. /fɔɹ‿ɪɡˈzæmpəl/ /fɔːɹ‿ɪɡˈzɑːmpəl/ /ˌiˈd͡ʒi/ /ˌiːˈdʒiː/ adv
np.
initialism used to introduce an illustrative example or short list of examples

each /it͡ʃ/ /iːt͡ʃ/ adv
każde każdy
apiece

each /it͡ʃ/ /iːt͡ʃ/ determiner
każdy
every

each and every determiner
wszyscy bez wyjątku wszystkie bez wyjątku
each without exception

each other /iˈtʃʌðɚ/ /iːˈtʃʌðə/ pronoun
nawzajem jeden drugiego jeden drugiemu
to one another; one to the other

eager /ˈiɡɚ/ /ˈiːɡə/ /ˈɪɡə/ /ˈɪɡɚ/ adj
gorliwy
excited by desire in the pursuit of any object

eagle /ˈiːɡəl/ /ˈɪɡəl/ n
dziesięciodolarówka
a gold coin with a face value of $10.00
orzeł bielik
any of several large carnivorous birds in the family Accipitridae

eagle eye n
jastrzębi wzrok jastrzębie oko orli wzrok sokole oko sokoli wzrok
someone with good eyesight, someone with an eye for detail

eagle owl /ˈiːɡəl ˈɑʊl/ n
puchacz
large owl of genus Bubo

eagle-eyed adj
orlooki
Having great visual acuity
keenly perceptive

eaglet n
orlątko orlę
an eagle chick

ear /iə̯/ /ɪə̯/ /ɪɚ/ /ˈiɹ/ [iːə̯] [ɪə̯~eə̯] [ɪə̯~ɪɐ̯] [ɪː] n
konfident szpicel
slang: police informant
ucho
organ of hearing
kłos
fruiting body of a grain plant

ear /iə̯/ /ɪə̯/ /ɪɚ/ /ˈiɹ/ [iːə̯] [ɪə̯~eə̯] [ɪə̯~ɪɐ̯] [ɪː] v
orać
archaic: to plough

ear canal n
przewód słuchowy zewnętrzny
tube or meatus running from the outer ear to the eardrum

ear lobe n
małżowina
a part of the ear

earache /ˈiɹeɪk/ /ˈɪə̯ɹeɪk/ n
ból ucha otalgia
pain in the ear

earbone n
kosteczka słuchowa
any bone in the year

earcap n
nausznik
A cap or cover to protect the ear from cold

eardrum /ˈiɚˌdɹʌm/ /ˈɪəˌdɹʌm/ n
błona bębenkowa bębenek
membrane separating outer and middle ears

eared seal n
uchatka
seal of the family Otariidae

earl /ɜːl/ /ɝl/ n
hrabia earl
a British or Irish nobleman

earless /iɹləs/ /ɪə̯ləs/ /ɪɹləs/ adj
bezuchy
lacking ears

earlier /ˈɜː.lɪə/ /ˈɝliɚ/ adj
wcześniejszy
occurring previously

earlier /ˈɜː.lɪə/ /ˈɝliɚ/ adv
wcześniej
previously; before now; sooner

early /ˈɜɹli/ /ˈɜːli/ adj
wczesny
arriving at a time before expected
at a time in advance of the usual
wczesny początkowy
near the start or beginning

early /ˈɜɹli/ /ˈɜːli/ adv
wcześnie wczesny
at a time before expected

early bird n
ranny ptaszek skowronek
one who wakes early

early bloomer n
wczesnie dojrzewająca osoba
person who achieves proficiency or success early in life
wcześnie kwitnąca roślina
plant that blooms early

early to bed, early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise proverb
kto rano wstaje, temu Pan Bóg daje
Benjamin Franklin quote

earmuff n
nausznik nauszniki
garment to keep the ears warm

earmuffs n
nauszniki
objects that cover ears

earn /ɜːn/ /ɝn/ v
zarabiać zarobić
transitive: receive (money) for working
intransitive: receive money for working
zasłużyć
deserve

earnings n
dochody zarobki zyski
wages, money earned, income
dochody zyski
gains on investments, returns

earphone /ˈɪə(ɹ)fəʊn/ n
słuchawki
sound device held near the ear

earphones n
słuchawki
small speakers worn over the ears

earplug n
zatyczka do uszu
protective clothing for the ear canal

earring /ˈɪəɹɪŋ/ /ˈɪɹɪŋ/ n
kolczyk
piece of jewelry

earth /ɜːθ/ /ɝθ/ /ɵːθ/ n
uziemienie ziemia
electrical connection
ziemia
one of the five basic elements
ziemia Ziemia
any general rock-based material
one of the four basic elements
the ground, land
ziemia gleba
soil

earth /ɜːθ/ /ɝθ/ /ɵːθ/ v
uziemić uziemiać
connect electrically to the earth
zakopać
to bury

earthenware /ˈəːθ(ə)nwɛː/ n
ceramika
ceramic

earthly branch n
ziemska gałąź
set of twelve terms in East Asian cultures

earthquake /ˈɜːθkweɪk/ /ˈɝθkweɪk/ n
trzęsienie ziemi
shaking of the surface of a planet

earthworm n
dżdżownica
worm (animal)

earwax n
woskowina miód z uszu wosk uszny
waxy substance secreted by the ear

earwig /ˈɪə(ɹ)wɪɡ/ n
skorek szczypawka zausznik
the insect

ease /iz/ /iːz/ v
ułatwiać ułatwić
to reduce the difficulty of (something)

easel /ˈi.zəl/ /ˈiː.z(ə)l/ n
sztaluga
upright frame for displaying or supporting something

easement /ˈizmənt/ /ˈiːzm(ə)nt/ n
serwitut
legal right to use another person's property

easier said than done adj
łatwo powiedzieć
easy to propose, but difficult to accomplish

easiness /ˈiːzɪnəs/ n
łatwość
the quality of being easy

east /iːst/ adj
wschodni
from the East
in or towards the east
meteorology: easterly
of or pertaining to the east

east /iːst/ adv
ku wschodowi na wschód
towards the east

east /iːst/ n
wschód
compass point

eastern /ˈi.stɚn/ /ˈiː.stən/ adj
wschodni
related to the east
blowing from the east

eastern Orphean warbler n
lutniczka wschodnia
Sylvia crassirostris

eastern gorilla n
goryl wschodni

eastern imperial eagle n
orzeł cesarski
Aquila heliaca

eastern olivaceous warbler n
zaganiacz blady
Iduna pallida

eastern yellow wagtail n
pliszka syberyjska
Motacilla tschutschensis

eastward /ˈist.wɚd/ /ˈiːst.wəd/ adv
na wschód
towards the east

easy /ˈizi/ /ˈiːzi/ adj
łatwy prosty lekki
requiring little skill or effort
łatwy łatwa
consenting readily to sex

easy as pie adj
bułka z masłem
very easy

easy come, easy go /ˌiːzi ˈkʌm ˌiːzi ˈɡoʊ/ phraseologicalUnit
łatwo przyszło, łatwo poszło
easily won and easily lost; usually said when resigned to a loss

easy peasy adj
łatwiutki

eat /it/ /iːt/ v
jeść zjeść
eat a meal
jeść zjeść szamać żreć
to ingest

eat crow v
przyznawać się do błędu przyznać się do błędu
to recognize that one has mistaken

eat humble pie v
pokajać się
to admit one's faults

eat like a bird v
jeść jak ptaszek
to eat small amounts

eat one's fill v
najadać najeść
to eat to one's satisfaction, until full

eat one's heart out v
zadręczać się zadręczyć się
feel overwhelming negative emotion

eat out /it aʊt/ v
jadać na mieście jeść na mieście zjeść na mieście
dine at a restaurant; to eat out from home

eat up v
dojadać dojeść wyjadać wyjeść
consume completely

eater /ˈiː.tə/ /ˈiː.tɚ/ n
zjadacz
one who eats

eatery /ˈiːtəɹi/ n
knajpa
a restaurant or café

eating /ˈitɪŋ/ /ˈiːtɪŋ/ [ˈiɾɪŋ] n
jedzenie
the act of consuming food

eating disorder n
zaburzenia odżywiania
psychological disorder

eau de toilette /ˌəʊ də twɑːˈlɛt/ n
woda toaletowa
lightly scented perfume

eaves /ivz/ /iːvz/ n
okap
underside of a roof that extends beyond the external walls of a building

eavesdrop /ˈivzˌdɹɑp/ /ˈiːvzˌdɹɒp/ v
podsłuchiwać podsłuchać
to hear a conversation one is not intended to hear

eavesdropper /ˈiːvzˌdɹɒpə(ɹ)/ n
podsłuchiwacz podsłuchiwaczka
one who eavesdrops

eavesdropping n
podsłuch podsłuchiwanie
interception of electronic communication
podsłuchanie podsłuchiwanie
listening secretly to the private conversations of others

ebb /ɛb/ n
odpływ
receding movement of the tide

ebb tide n
odpływ
receding tide

ebonite /ˈɛb.əˌnaɪt/ n
ebonit
product of vulcanizing rubber with sulfur

ebony /ˈɛb.ən.i/ adj
hebanowy
made of ebony wood
deep, dark black colour

ebony /ˈɛb.ən.i/ n
heban
colour
wood
tree

ebullience /-ˈbəl-/ /-ˈbʌl-/ /ɪˈbʊl.i.əns/ /ɪˈbʊl.jəns/ n
żywiołowość
quality of enthusiastic or lively expression of feelings and thoughts

ebullient /ɪˈbʊljənt/ adj
entuzjastyczny
enthusiastic
pobudzony
agitated

ebulliometric adj
ebuliometryczny
of or by means of ebulliometry

ebullioscope n
ebulioskop
an instrument used to measure the boiling point of liquids

eccentric /ɛkˈsɛntɹɪk/ /ɪkˈsɛntɹɪk/ adj
ekscentryczny
deviating from the norm

eccentric /ɛkˈsɛntɹɪk/ /ɪkˈsɛntɹɪk/ n
ekscentryk ekscentrycy ekscentryczka ekscentryczki
person who does not behave like others
ekscentryk mimośród
off-centre wheel

eccentrically adv
ekscentrycznie
in an eccentric manner

eccentricity /ˌɛk.sɛnˈtɹɪs.ɪ.ti/ [ˌɛk.sənˈtɹɪs.ə.ɾi] n
ekscentryczność
the quality of being eccentric
ekscentryczność ekscentryzm
eccentric behaviour
ekscentryczność mimośród
a ratio between distances in a conic section

ecclesiastical /əˈkliː.ziˌæ.stɪ.kəl/ /əˌkli.ziˈæ.stə.kəl/ adj
kościelny eklezjalny
pertaining to the church

ecclesiology n
eklezjologia
branch of theology

echelon /ˈeɪ-/ /ˈɛk.ə.lɒn/ /ˈɛʃ.ə.lɒn/ /ˈɛʃ.əˌlɑn/ n
eszelon
(military) formation of troops

echelon /ˈeɪ-/ /ˈɛk.ə.lɒn/ /ˈɛʃ.ə.lɒn/ /ˈɛʃ.əˌlɑn/ v
eszelonować
to form troops into an echelon

echidna /əˈkɪdnə/ n
kolczatka
any of the four species of small spined monotremes

echinococcosis n
bąblowica echinokokoza
a potentially fatal parasitic disease of animals and humans, caused by the Echinococcus tapeworm

echinoderm n
szkarłupień
member of the Echinodermata

echo /ˈɛkoʊ/ /ˈɛkəʊ/ n
echo
reflected sound

echo chamber n
kółko wzajemnej adoracji
environment which unilaterally reinforces one's own views, beliefs, or opinions

echogram n
echogram

echograph n
echograf

echolalia /ˌɛkoʊˈleɪliə/ /ˌɛkə(ʊ)ˈleɪlɪə/ n
echolalia
echoing of words or phrases

echoless adj
bezechowy
without echo

echolocation /ˌɛkoʊloʊˈkeɪʃən/ n
echolokacja
use of echos to detect objects

echt /ɛkt/ adj
autentyczny prawdziwy
genuine

eclectic /ɛkˈlɛk.tɪk/ /ɪˈklɛk.tɪk/ adj
eklektyczny
selecting a mixture of what appear to be best of various doctrines, methods or styles

eclipse /iˈklɪps/ /ɪˈklɪps/ n
zaćmienie
passage of a planetary object between others

ecliptic /ɪˈklɪp.tɪk/ n
ekliptyka
Earth's orbital plane

eco- /ˈiːkəʊ/ /ˈɛkoʊ/ prefix
eko-
concerning ecology or the environment

ecocide /ˈiːkəʊsaɪd/ n
ekobójstwo
destruction of an ecosystem

ecoclimate n
bioklimat ekoklimat

ecoclimatic adj
bioklimatyczny
relating to ecoclimate

ecofeminism n
ekofeminizm
a sociopolitical movement combining feminism and environmentalism

ecological /ˌiːkəˈlɒd͡ʒɪkl̩/ adj
ekologiczny
relating to ecology

ecologically adv
ekologicznie
in an ecological manner

ecologist /iːˈkɒləd͡ʒɪst/ /ɪˈkɒləd͡ʒɪst/ n
ekolog
A scientist who studies ecology

ecology /iˈkɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/ /ɪˈkɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/ /ɪˈkɒl.ə.d͡ʒi/ /ɪˈkɔl.ə.d͡ʒi/ n
ekologia
branch of biology

econometric adj
ekonometryczny
combining mathematics and economics

econometrics /ɪˌkɑ.nəˈmɛt.ɹɪks/ /ɪˌkɒn.əˈmɛt.ɹɪks/ /ɪˌkɔn.əˈmet.ɹɪks/ n
ekonometria
branch of economics

economic /ˌekəˈnɔmɪk/ /ˌikəˈnɑmɪk/ /ˌiːkɔˈnɒmɪk/ /ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪk/ /ˌiːkəˈnɔmɪk/ /ˌɛkɔˈnɒmɪk/ /ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk/ /ˌɛkəˈnɒmɪk/ adj
ekonomiczny
cheap
pertaining to the study of money
ekonomiczny gospodarczy
pertaining to an economy

economic growth n
progresja wzrost
growth

economically adv
ekonomicznie
in an economic or profitable manner

economics /ˌikəˈnɑmɪks/ /ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪks/ /ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪks/ /ˌɛkəˈnɒmɪks/ n
ekonomika ekonomia
study

economies of scale n
korzyści skali
the characteristics of a production process

economist /iːˈkɑ.nə.mɪst/ /iːˈkɒn.ə.mɪst/ /əˈkɑ.nə.mɪst/ /ɪˈkɑ.nə.mɪst/ /ɪˈkɔn.ə.mɪst/ n
ekonomista ekonomistka
expert in economics

economize /iˈkɑnəmaɪz/ /iˈkɒnəmaɪz/ v
oszczędzać oszczędzić zaoszczędzić
to use sparingly

economy /iːˈkɑ.nə.mi/ /iːˈkɒn.ə.mi/ /əˈkɑ.nə.mi/ /ɪˈkɑ.nə.mi/ n
ekonomia gospodarka
production and distribution and consumption
gospodarka ekonomia
effective management of the resources of a community or system

ecosystem /ˈikoʊˌsɪstəm/ /ˈiːkəʊˌsɪstəm/ n
ekosystem
system of an ecological community and its environment

ecoterrorism n
ekoterroryzm
terrorism with an ecological motive

ecotone /ˈiːkətəʊn/ n
ekoton
a region of transition

ecotourism /ˌikoʊˈtʊɹɪzəm/ /ˌiːkəʊˈtʊəɹɪz(ə)m/ /ˌɛkoʊˈtʊɹɪzəm/ n
ekoturystyka
responsible travel

ecstasy /ˈɛk.stə.si/ n
ecstasy
drug
ekstaza
intense pleasure

ecstatic /ɛkˈstætɪk/ adj
ekstatyczny
feeling or characterized by ecstasy

ecto- /ɛktoʊ-/ prefix
ekto-

ectopic pregnancy n
ciąża pozamaciczna
type of pregnancy

ectoplasm /ˈɛktəˌplæzəm/ n
ektoplazma
parapsychology: visible substance believed to emanate from spiritualistic mediums
cytology: the outer granule-free layer of cytoplasm
parapsychology: an immaterial or ethereal substance

ectothermic adj
zmiennocieplny
of or relating to ectotherm; having an unregulated body temperature

ecumene /iːˈkjuː.mə.ni/ n
ekumena
inhabited areas of the world

ecumenical /ˌiːk.jʊˈmɛ.nɪ.kəl/ /ˌɛk.jʊˈmɛ.nɪ.kəl/ adj
ekumeniczny
ecclesiastical: pertaining to the Christian Church in a worldwide sense
general, universal, worldwide

ecumenically adv
ekumenicznie
in an ecumenical manner

ecumenicity n
ekumeniczność
ecumenism

ecumenism n
ekumenizm
ecumenical doctrines and practices

ecumenopolis /ˌɛkjuːmɛˈnɒpəlɪs/ n
ekumenopolis
planet-wide city

eczema /ɪɡˈzi.mə/ /ˈɛk.səm.ə/ /ˈɛk.sɪm.ə/ /ˈɛks.mə/ /ˈɛɡ.zəm.ə/ /ˈɛɡ.zɪm.ə/ /ˈɛɡz.mə/ n
wyprysk egzema
acute or chronic inflammation of the skin

eddy /ˈɛd.i/ n
przeciwprąd
air or water running in an opposite direction to the main current
wir
whirlpool

edema /ɪˈdiː.mə/ n
bielmo
in botany
obrzęk opuchlizna
excessive accumulation of serum in tissue

edge /ɛd͡ʒ/ n
krawędź
joining line between two vertices of a polygon
in graph theory: any of the pairs of vertices in a graph
place where two faces of a polyhedron meet
any sharp terminating border; a margin; a brink; extreme verge
krawędź kraniec obrzeże rąbek skraj
boundary line of a surface
ostrze
thin cutting side of the blade of an instrument
przewaga
an advantage

edibility n
jadalność
suitability for use as food

edible /ˈedɪbəl/ /ˈɛdəbəl/ /ˈɛdɪbəl/ [ˈedɪbɫ̩] [ˈɛdəbɫ̩] [ˈɛdɪbɫ̩] adj
jadalny
that can be eaten without harm; suitable for consumption
zjadliwy
that can be eaten without disgust

edible dormouse n
popielica pilch
dormouse which is food

edict /ˈiː.dɪkt/ n
edykt dekret
proclamation of law

edifice /ˈɛd.ɪ.fɪs/ n
gmach
building

edify /ˈɛdɪfaɪ/ v
dodawać otuchy dodać otuchy podnieść na duchu podnosić na duchu
To instruct or improve morally or intellectually

edit /ˈɛdɪt/ [ˈɛɾɪʔt̚] n
edycja
a change in the text of a file
redakcja
a change to the text of a document

edit /ˈɛdɪt/ [ˈɛɾɪʔt̚] v
edytować redagować
to change a text, or a document

editable adj
edytowalny
capable of being edited

editio princeps n
editio princeps pierwodruk
first printed edition of a work previously only published as manuscript

edition /əˈdɪʃən/ /ɪˈdɪʃən/ [ɪˈdɪʃ.n̩] n
nakład
whole set of copies, print run
wydanie edycja
literary work

editor /ˈɛ.ɾɪ.tɚ/ /ˈɛd.ɪ.tə/ [ˈɛˑ.ɾɪ.tɚ] [ˈɛˑ.ɾɪ.ɾɚ] n
edytor edytor tekstu
program for modifying text files
edytor edytorka
person who edited a specific document
montażysta montażystka
someone who manipulates video footage and assembles it into the correct order
redaktor edytor edytorka redaktorka
person who edits
redaktor redaktorka
newspaper editor

editor in chief n
redaktor naczelny
highest ranking editor

editorial /ˌɛdɪˈtɔɹiəl/ /ˌɛdɪˈtɔːɹɪəl/ adj
redakcyjny redaktorski wydawniczy
of or relating to an editor, editing, or an editorial

editorial /ˌɛdɪˈtɔɹiəl/ /ˌɛdɪˈtɔːɹɪəl/ n
artykuł wstępny edytorial wstępniak
article giving the opinion of editors

editorialize v
przedstawiać opinię przedstawić opinię
to express ones opinion as if in an editorial

education /ˌɛd.jʊˈkeɪ.ʃən/ /ˌɛd͡ʒ.əˈkeɪ.ʃən/ /ˌɛd͡ʒ.ʊˈkeɪ.ʃən/ n
edukacja kształcenie oświata
process or art of imparting knowledge, skill and judgment
wykształcenie edukacja
facts, skills and ideas that have been learned, either formally or informally

educational /ˌɛdjʊˈkeɪʃənəl/ /ˌɛd͡ʒəˈkeɪʃənəl/ /ˌɛd͡ʒʊˈkeɪʃənəl/ adj
edukacyjny
Of or pertaining to education

educative adj
wychowawczy
educational

eel /iːl/ n
węgorz węgorzokształtne
any fish of the order Anguilliformes

eeny, meeny, miny, moe n
entliczek pentliczek czerwony stoliczek na kogo wypadnie na tego bec
similar children's counting-out games in other languages

effect /iˈfɛkt/ /əˈfɛkt/ /ɪˈfekt/ /ɪˈfɛkt/ n
skutek efekt rezultat wynik
result of an action

effective /əˈfɛktɪv/ /ɪˈfɛktɪv/ adj
efektywny
actually in effect
efektywny skuteczny
having the power to produce a required effect or effects

effectiveness /əˈfɛk.tɪv.nəs/ /ɪˈfɛk.tɪv.nɪs/ n
skuteczność
property

effectivity n
efektywność skuteczność
a measure of the effectiveness of something
the ability or power to be effective

effeminacy n
babskość babstwo zniewieściałość
the quality of being effeminate

effeminate /ɪˈfɛmɪneɪt/ /ɪˈfɛmɪnət/ adj
zniewieściały zbabiały babski wydelikacony
of a man, behaving like a woman

effeminately adv
po babsku
in an effeminate manner

efficacy /ˈɛf.ɪ.kə.si/ n
efektywność skuteczność
ability to produce effect

efficiency /ɪˈfɪʃn̩si/ n
efektywność
extent to which time is well used
sprawność
extent to which a resource is used for the intended purpose

efficient /əˈfɪʃənt/ /ɪˈfɪʃənt/ adj
sprawny
using a particular proportion of available energy
wydajny
making good use of resources

effigy /ˈɛfəd͡ʒi/ n
kukła
dummy or other crude representation

effort /ˈɛfət/ /ˈɛfɚt/ n
wysiłek staranie
the amount of work involved in achieving something

effortlessly /ˈɛf.ət.ləs.li/ /ˈɛf.ɚt.ləs.li/ adv
bez wysiłku bezwysiłkowo
without effort; without difficulty or struggle

effulgent /ɛ-/ /ɪˈfʌldʒ(ə)nt/ /ɪˈfʌld͡ʒənt/ adj
promienisty promienny
radiant, resplendent, shining

egalitarianism n
egalitaryzm
political doctrine of universal equality

egest /iːˈd͡ʒɛst/ v
wydalać
to excrete from the body

egg /eɪɡ/ /ɛɡ/ n
jajko jajo
approximately spherical or ellipsoidal body produced by birds, insects, reptiles, and other animals, housing the embryo within a membrane or shell during its development
edible egg of a domestic fowl; the contents of such an egg or eggs used as food

egg /eɪɡ/ /ɛɡ/ v
obtaczać w jajku obtoczyć w jajku
to coat (a food ingredient) with or dip (a food ingredient) in beaten egg during the process of preparing a dish

egg of Columbus n
jajko Kolumba
brilliant idea or discovery that seems simple after the fact

egg roll n
sajgonka
a food made made by wrapping a combination of ingredients

egg tooth n
ząb jajowy
egg tooth

egg whisk n
trzepaczka ubijaczka
kitchen utensil

egg-shaped adj
jajowaty
having the shape of an egg

eggcup n
jajecznik
a small dish used to support a boiled egg while it is eaten

egghead n
jajogłowy
pejorative: intellectual
łysol
pejorative: bald person

eggnog /ˈɛɡ.nɑɡ/ /ˈɛɡ.nɒɡ/ /ˌɛɡˈnɒɡ/ n
kogel-mogel
egg-based beverage

eggplant /-plɑːnt/ /ˈɛɡ.plænt/ n
bakłażanowy
color
oberżyna bakłażan
edible fruit
plant

eggshell /ˈɛɡʃɛl/ n
skorupka jajka
object

eglantine n
róża rdzawa róża szkocka
Rosa eglanteria

ego /ˈiɡoʊ/ /ˈiːɡəʊ/ /ˈɛɡəʊ/ n
ego
psychoanalytic ego

egocentric adj
egocentryczny
egotistical

egocentric n
egocentryczka egocentryk
person who is egocentric

egocentrism n
egocentryzm
following ones egotistical desires

egocentrist n
egocentryczka egocentryk
an egocentric person

egoism n
egoizm samolubstwo samolubność
tendency to think of self

egoist /ˈiːɡoʊ.ɪst/ n
egoista egoistka
advocate of egoism
egoista egoistka samolub samolubka sobek
self-centered or selfish person

egoistical adj
egoistyczny samolubny
caring about the gratification of one's own desires

egoistically adv
egoistycznie samolubnie
in an egoistic manner

egotism n
egotyzm
belief that one is superior

egregious /əˈɡɹiː.d͡ʒi.əs/ /ɪˈɡɹiː.d͡ʒəs/ adj
rażący
conspicuous, exceptional, outstanding

egret /ˈi.ɡɹɪt/ n
czapla
Any of various wading birds of the genera Egretta or Ardea

eh /e/ /eɪ/ /ɛ/ [ɛː] interjection
co hę nie prawda
used as a tag question

eicosane n
ikozan
hydrocarbon

eider /ˈaɪdə/ /ˈaɪdɚ/ n
edredon
duck of genus Somateria

eiderdown n
pierzyna
a quilt stuffed with this down
puch edredonowy
the down of the eider duck

eidetic /aɪˈdɛtɪk/ adj
ejdetyczny
pertaining to a memory of perfect clarity

eigenbra n
liczba podwójna bra

eigenproblem n
zadanie matematyczne z wartościami własnymi

eigenspectrum n
spektrum liczby podwójnej

eigenvalue /ˈaɪɡənˌvæljuː/ n
wartość własna
scalar multiplier of an eigenvector

eigenvector n
wektor własny
vector not rotated by linear transformation

eight /eɪt/ n
ósemka
Playing card with value 8
The digit/figure 8

eight /eɪt/ numeral
osiem ośmioro
cardinal number 8

eight hundred /ˈeɪt ˈhʌn.dɹəd/ /ˈeɪt ˈhʌn.dɹɪd/ numeral
osiemset
cardinal number 800

eight o'clock n
ósma
the start of the ninth hour

eight thousand n
osiem tysięcy
cardinal number

eight-thousander n
ośmiotysięcznik
a mountain extending more than 8000 metres above sea level

eighteen /ˈeɪ(t).tin/ /ˈeɪ.tiːn/ /ˌeɪ(t)ˈtin/ /ˌeɪˈtiːn/ numeral
osiemnaście osiemnaścioro
cardinal number

eighteenth /ˌeɪˈtiːnθ/ adj
osiemnasty
the ordinal form of the number eighteen

eighth /eɪtθ/ /eɪθ/ adj
ósmy
ordinal form of the number eight

eighth rest n
pauza ósemkowa

eighties n
lata 80. lata osiemdziesiąte
the decade of the 1980s

eightieth /ˈeɪ.ti.əθ/ adj
osiemdziesiąty osiemdziesiąta
ordinal form of the number eighty

eighty /ˈeɪ.ti/ [ˈ(ʔ)eɪ̯ɾi] numeral
osiemdziesiąt
80

eighty-eight numeral
osiemdziesiąt osiem
88

eighty-five numeral
osiemdziesiąt pięć
the cardinal number 85

eighty-four numeral
osiemdziesiąt cztery
84

eighty-nine numeral
osiemdziesiąt dziewięć
89

eighty-one numeral
osiemdziesiąt jeden
81

eighty-seven numeral
osiemdziesiąt siedem
87

eighty-six numeral
osiemdziesiąt sześć
cardinal number 86

eighty-three numeral
osiemdziesiąt trzy
83

eighty-two numeral
osiemdziesiąt dwa
82

eightysomething n
osiemdziesięciolatek osiemdziesięciolatka
a person between the ages of 80 and 89

einstein n
ajnsztajn einstein
one mole of photons

einsteinium /aɪnˈstaɪni.əm/ n
einstein
element with atomic number 99

either /aɪ/ /eɪ/ /iː/ /ˈaɪ.ðə(ɹ)/ /ˈaɪ.ðɚ/ /ˈeɪ.ðə(ɹ)/ /ˈi.ðɚ/ /ˈiː.ðə(ɹ)/ adv
też nie
(after a negative) as well

either /aɪ/ /eɪ/ /iː/ /ˈaɪ.ðə(ɹ)/ /ˈaɪ.ðɚ/ /ˈeɪ.ðə(ɹ)/ /ˈi.ðɚ/ /ˈiː.ðə(ɹ)/ conjunction
albo
albo ani ... ani bądź
introduces the first of two options

either /aɪ/ /eɪ/ /iː/ /ˈaɪ.ðə(ɹ)/ /ˈaɪ.ðɚ/ /ˈeɪ.ðə(ɹ)/ /ˈi.ðɚ/ /ˈiː.ðə(ɹ)/ determiner
oba
each of two

either way adv
tak czy inaczej
regardless of what happens

either … or conjunction
albo … albo

ejaculate /ɪˈdʒæk.jʊ.leɪt/ /ɪˈdʒæk.jʊ.lət/ /ɪˈd͡ʒæk.jə.leɪt/ /ɪˈd͡ʒæk.jə.lət/ v
ejakulować wytryskiwać
to eject semen or vaginal fluid

ejaculation /iˌdʒækjuˈleɪʃən/ n
ejakulacja wytrysk
ejection of semen through the urethra

eject /ɪˈd͡ʒɛkt/ v
katapultować się
to project oneself from an aircraft
wyrzucać wyrzucić
to compel to leave
wysunąć się wysuwać się
to come out of a machine
wysunąć wysuwać
to cause to come out of a machine

ejection seat n
fotel wyrzucany
seat in an aircraft which can be ejected from the cockpit

ejector /iːˈd͡ʒɛktɚ/ /ɪˈd͡ʒɛktɚ/ n
wyrzutnik
ejector

eke out v
dorabiać
to supplement

ekphrasis /ˈɛkfɹəsɪs/ n
ekfraza
description of an object or artwork

ekranoplan n
ekranolot ekranoplan
ground-effect vehicle

elaborate /ɪˈlæbəɹeɪt/ /ɪˈlæbəɹət/ adj
drobiazgowy
detailed

elaborate /ɪˈlæbəɹeɪt/ /ɪˈlæbəɹət/ v
rozwinąć
to give further detail or explanation

elanid kite n
kaniuk
bird of the Elaninae subfamily

elapse /ɪˈlæps/ v
upływać
(of time) to pass or move by

elastic /iˈlæstɪk/ /əˈlæstɪk/ adj
elastyczny rozciągliwy ciągliwy
capable of stretching
elastyczny sprężysty
springy; bouncy; vivacious

elastic band n
gumka
loop of rubber or similar material

elasticity /ɪ.læsˈtɪs.ɪ.ti/ n
elastyczność sprężystość
physics: property by which a material can regain its original dimensions

elasto- prefix
elasto-

elbow /ˈɛlboʊ/ /ˈɛlbəʊ/ [ˈɛɫboʊ] n
łokieć
joint between upper arm and forearm
pipe fitting

elbow /ˈɛlboʊ/ /ˈɛlbəʊ/ [ˈɛɫboʊ] v
uderzyć z łokcia
to push with the elbow

elbow room n
miejsce przestrzeń
room or space in which to move or maneuver
swoboda
freedom or leeway

elder /ˈeldə/ /ˈɛldə/ /ˈɛldɚ/ adj
starszy
greater than another in age or seniority

elder /ˈeldə/ /ˈɛldə/ /ˈɛldɚ/ n
bez
Sambucus
bez czarny bez
Sambucus nigra

elderberry /ˈɛldə(ɹ)ˌbɛɹi/ n
czarny bez bez czarny
fruit

eldercare n
opieka nad osobami starszymi
care for the elderly

elderly /ˈɛldəli/ /ˈɛldɚli/ adj
niemłody stary
old

elecampane /ˌɛləkæmˈpeɪn/ /ˌɛlɪkamˈpeɪn/ n
oman wielki
Inula helenium

elect /i-/ /ə-/ /ɪˈlɛkt/ v
postanowić
to choose or make decision
wybierać
to choose in election

election /əˈlɛkʃ(ə)n/ /ɪˈlɛkʃ(ə)n/ n
wybory głosowanie
process of choosing a new leader or representatives by popular vote
wybór
choice of a leader or representatives

election campaign n
kampania wyborcza

elective affinity n
powinowactwo chemiczne

elector /iˈlɛktɚ/ /əˈlektə/ /əˈlɛktɔɹ/ /əˈlɛktɚ/ /ɪˈlektə/ /ɪˈlɛktə/ /ɪˈlɛktɚ/ n
wyborca wyborczyni
person eligible to vote in an election

electoral /ə.lɛkˈtoɹ.əl/ /əˈlek.tə.ɹəl/ /əˈlek.tɹəl/ /əˈlɛk.tɚ.əl/ /ɪ.lɛkˈtɔɹ.əl/ /ɪˈlɛk.tə.ɹəl/ /ɪˈlɛk.tɹəl/ adj
wyborczy
of, or relating to elections

electoral college n
kolegium elektorów
body of electors empowered to elect someone to a particular office

electoral district n
okręg wyborczy
district represented by one or more elected officials

electoral register n
lista wyborców
list of registered voters

electorate /ɪˈlɛktəɹət/ /ɪˈlɛktɹət/ n
elektorat wyborca
collective people of a country, state, or electoral district who are entitled to vote

electric /iˈlɛktɹɪk/ /əˈlɛktɹɪk/ /ɪˈlɛktɹɪk/ adj
elektryczny
electrical
electronic (musical instrument)

electric blanket n
koc elektryczny
type of blanket

electric car n
samochód elektryczny
a car that uses electric motors

electric chair n
krzesło elektryczne
device used for performing execution by electrocution

electric charge n
ładunek elektryczny
electric energy of a charged body

electric current n
prąd
measurement of the rate of flow of electric charge

electric eel n
strętwa trzęsawiec węgorz elektryczny
species of fish

electric fence n
elektryczny pastuc
electric fence

electric field n
pole elektryczne
region around a charged particle

electric guitar /ə.ˈlɛk.tɹɪk ɡɪ.ˈtɑːɹ/ n
gitara elektryczna
guitar which requires electronic amplification

electric motor n
silnik elektryczny
motor

electric multiple unit n
elektryczny zespół trakcyjny
multiple unit powered by electricity

electric ray n
drętwa
fish of the order Torpedodiniformes

electric shaver n
golarka

electric shock n
porażenie prądem
physical reaction

electric vehicle n
pojazd elektryczny
vehicle that uses an electric motor as the means of propulsion

electrical energy n
energia elektryczna
form of energy

electrical tape n
taśma izolacyjna
plastic tape

electrician /iˌlɛkˈtɹɪʃən/ /əˌlɛkˈtɹɪʃən/ /ɪˌlɛkˈtɹɪʃ(ə)n/ /ɪˌlɛkˈtɹɪʃən/ /ˌiːlɛkˈtɹɪʃ(ə)n/ /ˌɛlɪkˈtɹɪʃ(ə)n/ n
elektryk elektryczka
tradesman who works with electrical equipment

electricity /iˌlɛkˈtɹɪsɪti/ /əˌlɛkˈtɹɪsɪti/ /ɪˌlɛkˈtɹɪsɪti/ /ɪˌlɛkˈt͡ʃɹɪsɪti/ /ˌiːlɛkˈtɹɪsɪti/ /ˌɛlɪkˈtɹɪsɪti/ n
elektryczność prąd
form of energy

electricity meter n
licznik energii elektrycznej licznik prądu
a device that measures the consumption of electricity

electricity pylon n
słup wysokiego napięcia
structure

electrification n
elektryfikacja
adaptation for electric power
the act of electrifying, or the state of being charged with electricity

electrify /ɪˈlɛktɹɪfaɪ/ v
elektryfikować zelektryfikować
to adapt for electric power

electro- prefix
elektro- galwano-
of electricity or electrical

electrocardiography n
elektrokardiografia
the science of preparation and diagnostic interpretation of electrocardiograms

electrochemical adj
elektrochemiczny
of or relating to a chemical reaction brought about by electricity
of or relating to electricity produced by a chemical reaction

electrochemical cell n
ogniwo elektrochemiczne
device

electrochemistry n
elektrochemia
chemistry pertaining to electricity

electrocution /ɪˌlɛktɹəˈkjuːʃən/ n
porażenie prądem
a severe electric shock

electrode /iˈlɛk.tɹəʊd/ /əˈlɛk.tɹəʊd/ n
elektroda
the terminal through which electric current passes

electroencephalograph /əˌlɛktɹoʊənˈsɛfələˌɡɹæf/ n
elektroencefalograf
an instrument used for recording of electrical brain activity

electroencephalography n
elektroencefalografia
measurement of electrical activity in medicine

electroluminescence n
elektroluminescencja
generation of light by application of an alternating current or by electric discharge

electrolysis /ɪlɛkˈtɹɒləsɪs/ n
elektroliza
chemical change

electrolyte /ɪˈlɛk.tɹɵˌlaɪt/ n
elektrolit
ion that regulates the electric charge on cells and the flow of water across their membranes
substance that ionizes and conducts electricity

electrolytic /ɨˌlɛk.tɹɵˈlɪ.tɪk/ adj
elektrolityczny

electromagnetic adj
elektromagnetyczny
pertaining to electromagnetism

electromagnetic interaction n
oddziaływanie elektromagnetyczne
electromagnetic interaction

electromagnetic radiation n
promieniowanie elektromagnetyczne
radiation

electromagnetic spectrum n
widmo fal elektromagnetycznych
electromagnetic spectrum

electromagnetism /ɪˌlɛk.tɹəʊˈmæɡ.nəˌtɪzm̩/ n
elektromagnetyzm
a fundamental force

electromotive force n
siła elektromotoryczna
potential energy divided by electric charge

electron /ɪˈlɛk.tɹɑn/ /ɪˈlɛk.tɹɒn/ n
elektron
the negatively charged subatomic particles that orbit atoms
an alloy

electron cloud n
chmura elektronowa
mathematically defined region

electron microscope n
mikroskop elektronowy
any of several forms of microscope that use a beam of electrons

electron volt n
elektronowolt
a unit for measuring the energy of subatomic particles

electronegative adj
elektroujemny
tending to attract electrons

electronegativity n
elektroujemność
degree of electron attraction

electronic /əˌlɪkˈtɹɑ.nɪk/ /ɪˌlɛkˈtɹɑ.nɪk/ /ɪˌlɛkˈtɹɒn.ɪk/ /ˌi.lɛkˈtɹɑ.nɪk/ /ˌɛl.ɛkˈtɹɒn.ɪk/ /ˌɛl.ɪkˈtɹɒn.ɪk/ adj
elektroniczny
generated by electronic device
operating on behavior of electrons
elektronowy elektroniczny
pertaining to electrons

electronic cigarette /ɪˌlɛkˈtʃɹɑːnɪk ˈsɪɡɚˌɛt/ n
e-papieros papieros elektroniczny
electronic cigarette

electronic sport n
e-sport
electronic sport

electronics n
elektronika
physics
device

electropositive adj
elektrododatni
tending to release electrons

electrostatics n
elektrostatyka
branch of physics

electrotechnical adj
elektrotechniczny

electrotherapy n
elektroterapia
use of electrical energy as a medical treatment

elegance /ˈɛl.ɪ.ɡəns/ n
elegancja
grace, refinement, and beauty in movement, appearance, or manners
restraint and grace in style

elegant /ˈɛl.ə.ɡənt/ adj
elegancki
exhibiting elegance

elegantly adv
elegancko
gracefully

elegiac /ˌɛləˈd͡ʒaɪæk/ /ˌɛləˈd͡ʒaɪək/ adj
elegiacki elegijny
of or relating to an elegy

elegy /ˈɛlɪd͡ʒi/ n
elegia
mournful or plaintive poem or song

element /ˈɛləmənt/ n
element pierwiastek
set theory: object in a set
heating element
odrobina pierwiastek
something small
pierwiastek element
chemistry: simplest chemical substance
simplest or essential part or principle of anything
żywioł pierwiastek
alchemy: one of the four basic building blocks

elemental n
żywiołak
fantastic creature

elementary /(ˌ)ɛlɪˈmɛnt(ə)ɹɪ/ /ˌɛlɪˈmɛnt(ə)ɹi/ adj
elementarny
relating to a subatomic particle
elementarny podstawowy
relating to the basic, essential or fundamental part of something
podstawowy
relating to an elementary school

elementary function n
funkcja elementarna
function

elementary particle n
cząstka elementarna
subatomic particle that does not consist of smaller particles

elementary substance n
pierwiastek
pure chemical substance consisting of a singe element

elephant /el.e.fant/ /ˈɛləfənt/ /ˈɛlɪf(ə)nt/ n
słoń słonica
mammal

elephant dose n
dawka uderzeniowa końska dawka
large amount

elephant in the room n
słoń w salonie
problem that is obvious but ignored

elephant seal n
słoń morski
mammal of the genus Mirounga

elephant shrew n
ryjkonosowatych
Any member of the order Macroscelidea

elephantiasis /ˌɛlɪfənˈtaɪəsɪs/ n
słoniowacizna
disease

elevated railway n
kolej nadziemna
railway

elevation /ˌɛlɪˈveɪʃən/ n
podniesienie
raising of the host

elevator music n
muzak
music played as a background in elevators and businesses

eleven /iˈlɛvən/ /əˈlɛv.ən/ /ɪˈlɛvən/ [ɪˈlɛbm̩] numeral
jedenaście jedenaścioro
the cardinal number occurring after ten and before twelve

eleven hundred numeral
tysiąc sto
one thousand one hundred

eleven o'clock n
jedenasta
the start of the twelfth hour

eleventh /iˈlɛv.ənθ/ /əˈlɛv.ənθ/ /ɪˈlɛv.ənθ/ adj
jedenasty
ordinal form of eleven

eleventy /ɪˈlɛvənti/ numeral
sto dziesięć
one hundred and ten

elf /ɛlf/ n
elf
mythical, supernatural being

elflock n
kołtun
lock of hair that is tangled

elide /ɪˈlaɪd/ v
opuszczać opuścić pomijać pominąć
to leave out or omit
połączyć
to conflate

eligibility n
elekcyjność obieralność wybieralność
quality of being eligible

eligible /ˈel.ə.d͡ʒə.bəl/ /ˈɛl.ə.d͡ʒə.bəl/ /ˈɛl.ɪ.d͡ʒə.bəl/ adj
gotowy
meeting the necessary requirements to participate; worthy of being chosen

eliminate /iˈlɪm.ə.neɪt/ /iˈlɪm.ɪ.neɪt/ /əˈlɪm.ə.neɪt/ /əˈlɪm.ə.næɪt/ /ɪˈlɪm.ə.neɪt/ /ɪˈlɪm.ɪ.neɪt/ v
eliminować likwidować wyeliminować zlikwidować
completely destroy

elimination /ɪlɪmɪˈneɪʃ(ə)n/ n
eliminacja
act of eliminating, expelling or throwing off

elimination diet n
dieta eliminacyjna
diagnostic procedure

elision /ɪˈlɪz.j(ə)n̩/ /ɪˈlɪʒ.(ə)n̩/ n
elizja
the omission of a letter or syllable

elite /eɪˈlit/ /iˈlit/ /əˈlit/ /əˈliːt/ /ɛˈliːt/ /ɪˈlit/ /ɪˈliːt/ [əˈlɪit] [ɪˈlɪit] adj
elita
of high birth or social position

elite /eɪˈlit/ /iˈlit/ /əˈlit/ /əˈliːt/ /ɛˈliːt/ /ɪˈlit/ /ɪˈliːt/ [əˈlɪit] [ɪˈlɪit] n
elita socjeta
group with higher status
najlepsza najlepszy
person who is among the best at certain task

elitism /eɪˈliːtɪzəm/ /ɪˈliːtɪzəm/ n
elityzm
belief society should be run by elite

elixir /-ɪə(ɹ)/ /ə-/ /ɪˈlɪksə(ɹ)/ n
eliksir
liquid which is believed to cure all ills

elixir of life n
eliksir młodości eliksir życia
elixir that brings immortality

ellipse /iˈlɪps/ /əˈlɪps/ /ɪˈlɪps/ n
elipsa
curve

ellipsis /ɪˈlɪpsɪs/ n
elipsa wyrzutnia
omission of word or phrase
wielokropek
typographic mark

elliptic /ɪˈlɪptɪk/ adj
eliptyczny
relating to an ellipse or its mathematical definition

elliptical /əˈlɪp.tɪ.kəl/ /ɪˈlɪp.tɪ.kəl/ /ɪˈlɪp.tɪk.əl/ adj
eliptyczny
oval
showing ellipsis

elm /ɛlm/ /ˈɛləm/ n
wiąz
tree of genus Ulmus

elope /ɛˈloʊp/ /ɛˈləʊp/ /ɪˈloʊp/ /ɪˈləʊp/ v
uciec
run away to get married
run away with a paramour

eloquence /ˈɛl.ə.kwəns/ n
elokwencja
the quality of artistry and persuasiveness in speech or writing

eloquent /ˈɛl.əˌkwənt/ adj
elokwentny
fluently persuasive and articulate

else /ɛls/ /ɛlts/ adj
inny
other

else /ɛls/ /ɛlts/ adv
inaczej
word that implies any result with the exception of the one being referred to

elucidate /iˈluː.sɪ.deɪt/ /əˈluː.sɪ.deɪt/ v
wyjaśniać objaśniać wyświetlać
make clear

elusive /iˈl(j)u.sɪv/ /iˈl(j)uː.sɪv/ /ɪˈl(j)u.sɪv/ /ɪˈl(j)uː.sɪv/ adj
nieuchwytny
difficult to describe
evading capture, comprehension or remembrance

elven /ˈɛlv(ə)n/ adj
elfi
belonging or relating to, or characteristic of, elves

em dash n
pauza
typographical symbol '—'

emaciated /-meɪ.ʃi-/ /-ˈmeɪ.si-/ /i-/ /ə-/ /əˈmeɪ.ʃi.eɪ.tɪd/ /ɪˈmeɪ.siˌeɪ.tɪd/ adj
wychudzony wynędzniały
thin or haggard

emaciation n
wychudzenie
the state of being emaciated

email /ˈiˌmeɪl/ /ˈiːmeɪl/ n
adres mailowy adres mejlowy e-mail mail mejl
email address
e-mail mejl mail
message sent through email an email system
e-mail mejl poczta elektroniczna
system for transferring messages from one computer to another

email /ˈiˌmeɪl/ /ˈiːmeɪl/ v
mailować mejlować
(transitive) to send an email or emails to

email list n
lista dyskusyjna
electronic mailing list

emanate /ˈɛm.ə.ˌneɪt/ v
emanować
To come from a source

emanation /ˌɛməˈneɪʃən/ n
emanacja
act of flowing
radon
that which flows

emancipate /ɪˈmænsɪpeɪt/ v
emancypować wyemancypować
To set free from the power of another

emancipation /ɪˌmæn.səˈpeɪ.ʃən/ n
wyzwolenie emancypacja
act of setting free from the power of another

emballage n
ambalaż

embalm /ɪmˈbɑlm/ /ɪmˈbɑm/ /ɪmˈbɑːm/ /ɪmˈbɔm/ v
balsamować zabalsamować
to treat a corpse in order to prevent decomposition

embalmer n
balsamista
one who embalms

embankment n
nasyp wał
artificial mound of earth and stone

embargo /ɪmˈbɑɹɡoʊ/ /ɪmˈbɑːɡəʊ/ n
embargo
a ban on trade with another country
an order by the government prohibiting ships from leaving port
a temporary ban on making certain information public

embark /ɛmˈbɑɹk/ /ɛmˈbɑːk/ /ɪmˈbɑɹk/ /ɪmˈbɑːk/ v
ambarkować się wejść na pokład
to get on a boat

embarkation n
ambarkacja
embarking

embarrass /ɪmˈbæɹ.əs/ /ɪmˈbɛɹ.əs/ v
ambarasować wprawić w zakłopotanie zaambarasować zawstydzić
to humiliate; to disrupt somebody's composure or comfort with acting publicly or freely

embarrassing /ɪmˈbæɹəsɪŋ/ /ɪmˈbɛɹəsɪŋ/ adj
krępujący żenujący
causing embarrassment

embarrassment /ɪmˈbæɹəsmənt/ n
zażenowanie
state of discomfort

embarrassment of riches n
klęska urodzaju
too much of a good thing

embassy /ˈɛmbəsi/ n
ambasada
organization representing a foreign state

ember /ˈɛm.bə/ /ˈɛm.bɚ/ n
żar
glowing piece of coal or wood

emberizid n
trznadel
bird of the family Emberizidae

embezzle /əmˈbɛzəl/ v
sprzeniewierzyć
to steal money that one has been trusted with

embezzlement /ˌəmˈbɛzəlmənt/ /ˌɪmˈbɛzəlmənt/ n
defraudacja malwersacja sprzeniewierzenie
the fraudulent conversion of property from a property owner

emblem /ˈɛmbləm/ n
emblemat godło
representative symbol

emblematic /ˌɛmbləˈmatɪk/ adj
emblematyczny
serving as a symbol

embodiment n
wcielenie ucieleśnienie uosobienie
entity typifying an abstraction

embody /ɪmˈbɒdi/ v
ucieleśniać się wcielić się
represent in a physical form; to incarnate or personify

embolism /ˈɛmbəlɪzəm/ n
zator
obstruction or occlusion of a blood vessel by an embolus

embrace /ɛmˈbɹeɪs/ /ɪmˈbɹeɪs/ n
objęcie uścisk
act of putting arms around someone and bringing the person close to the chest

embrace /ɛmˈbɹeɪs/ /ɪmˈbɹeɪs/ v
obejmować
to enfold, to include (ideas, principles, etc.)
obejmować objąć przytulać tulić przytulić uściskać
to clasp (someone or each other) in the arms with affection

embrasure /ɪmˈbɹeɪʒə(ɹ)/ n
ambrazura
Any of the indentations between the merlons of a battlement

embroider /ɪmˈbɹɔɪdə/ /ɪmˈbɹɔɪdɚ/ v
haftować wyhaftować
to stitch a decorative design on fabric with needle and thread
koloryzować podkolorować podkolorowywać
to add imaginary detail to a narrative

embroiderer n
hafciarz
person who embroiders

embroideress n
hafciarka
female embroiderer

embroidery /ɪmˈbɹɔɪdəɹi/ n
haft
ornamentation
fabric

embroil /əmˈbɹɔɪl/ /ɛm-/ /ɪmˈbɹɔɪl/ v
uwikłać się
to cause (someone) to be drawn into or involved in a difficult situation or state of contention

embrown /əmˈbɹaʊn/ /ɛm-/ /ɪmˈbɹaʊn/ v
pociemniać
to make (something) brown

embryo /ˈɛmbɹi.oʊ/ /ˈɛmbɹi.əʊ/ n
embrion zarodek
fertilized egg before developing into a fetus
in humans: the cell growth up to the end of the seventh week in the mother's body

embryonic /ˈɛm.bɹi.ɒn.ɪk/ adj
embrionalny zarodkowy
embryology: of or relating to an embryo
zarodkowy
figuratively: something, especially a project, that is very new and is still evolving

emcee /ˌɛmˈsiː/ v
emce
act as the master of ceremonies

emerald /ˈɛm.(ə.)ɹəld/ adj
szmaragdowy szmaragd
of a rich green colour

emerald /ˈɛm.(ə.)ɹəld/ n
szmaragd
gemstone
colour

emerald tree boa n
boa psiogłowy
boa in species Corallus caninus

emergence /iˈmɜː.d͡ʒ(ə)ns/ /iˈmɝ.d͡ʒ(ə)ns/ /ɪˈmɜː.d͡ʒ(ə)ns/ /ɪˈmɝ.d͡ʒ(ə)ns/ n
emergencja
the arising of emergent structure in complex systems

emergency /iˈmɝ.d͡ʒən.si/ /əˈmɜː(ɹ).dʒən.si/ /əˈmɝ.d͡ʒən.si/ /ɪˈmɜː(ɹ).dʒən.si/ /ɪˈmɝ.d͡ʒən.si/ n
nagły wypadek sytuacja awaryjna sytuacja nadzwyczajna
situation requiring urgent assistance

emergency department n
szpitalny oddział ratunkowy
(healthcare) a department of a hospital

emergency exit n
wyjście awaryjne wyjście ewakuacyjne
exit for evacuation

emergency landing n
awaryjne lądowanie
landing made in an emergency

emergency room n
SOR izba przyjęć szpitalny oddział ratunkowy
hospital department

emergency service n
służba ratownictwa
public service that deals with emergencies

emergency vehicle n
pogotowie
vehicle

emeritus /-ˈmɚ-/ /əˈmɛɹətaɪ/ /əˈmɛɹətəs/ /ɪˈmɛɹɪtaɪ/ /ɪˈmɛɹɪtəs/ [-ɾəs] adj
honorowy
retired, but retaining an honorific version of a previous title

emery /ˈɛməɹi/ n
szmergiel
mineral

emery paper n
szmergiel
abrasive material

emetic /əˈmɛt.ɪk/ adj
emetyczny wymiotny
causing nausea and vomiting

emetic /əˈmɛt.ɪk/ n
emetyk środek wymiotny
agent

emigrant /ˈɛmɪɡɹənt/ n
emigrant emigrantka
someone who leaves a country to settle in a new country

emigration n
emigracja
act of emigrating
body of emigrants; emigrants collectively

eminent /ˈɛmɪnənt/ adj
wspaniały znaczący
remarkable, great
znakomity eminentny znamienity
of a person: distinguished, noteworthy

eminent domain n
wywłaszczenie ekspropriacja
government's right to expropriate private land

emir /ɛˈmɪə(ɹ)/ /ˈɛmɪə(ɹ)/ n
emir
Islamic prince or leader

emirate /ˈɛməɹət/ n
emirat
country ruled by an emir

emissary /ˈɛmɪˌsɛɹi/ n
emisariusz emisariuszka
an agent sent on a mission to represent the interests of someone else

emission /ɪˈmɪʃn̩/ /ɪˈmɪʃən/ n
emisja
act of sending or throwing out
something that is emitted

emissive adj
emisyjny
of, pertaining to, or having the capacity to emit radiation or matter; emitting

emitter /iːmɪtə/ /əmɪtə/ n
emiter
terminal of a transistor
that which emits

emmer /ˈɛmə/ /ˈɛmɚ/ n
pszenica płaskurka płaskurka
Triticum dicoccon

emo /ˈiː.moʊ/ n
emo
music

emobility n
elektromobilność
the use of electric vehicles

emoji /iˈmoʊd͡ʒi/ /ɪˈmoʊd͡ʒi/ /ɪˈməʊdʒi/ n
emoji
digital graphic icon

emolument /-jə-/ /əˈmɑljəmənt/ /ɛ-/ /ɪˈmɒljʊm(ə)nt/ n
uposażenie
payment for an office or employment

emoticon /ɪˈmoʊtəˌkɑn/ /ɪˈməʊtɪˌkɒn/ n
emotikon emotikona emotka
representation of an emotion of the writer

emotion /iˈmoʊʃən/ /ɪˈmoʊʃən/ /ɪˈməʊʃən/ n
emocja
person's internal state of being

emotional /iˈmoʊʃənəl/ /ɪˈmoʊʃnəl/ /ɪˈmoʊʃənəl/ /ɪˈməʊʃnəl/ /ɪˈməʊʃənəl/ adj
emocjonalny gorący wrażliwy
characterised by emotion
emocjonalny uczuciowy
of or relating to the emotions

emotionality n
emocjonalność
state or quality

emotionless adj
beznamiętny bezuczuciowy
lacking emotion

emotionlessly adv
beznamiętnie

emotionlessness n
beznamiętność bezuczuciowość

emotive adj
emotywny
of, or relating to emotion

empathize /ˈɛmpəˌθaɪz/ v
współczuć
to feel empathy for another person

empathy /ˈɛmpəθi/ n
empatia
intellectual identification with another person
capacity to understand another person's point of view

emperor /ˈempɘɹɘ/ /ˈempɹɘ/ /ˈɛmpəɹə/ /ˈɛmpəɹɚ/ /ˈɛmpɹə/ /ˈɛmpɹɚ/ n
cesarz imperator car carz kajzer
ruler of an empire

emperor penguin n
pingwin cesarski
largest penguin

emphasis /ˈɛmfəsɪs/ [ˈeɱfəsəs] [ˈeɱfəsɪs] [ˈɛɱfəsəs] [ˈɛɱfəsɪs] n
akcent
prominence given to a syllable or words, whether in speech or in printing
phonology: the phonetic or phonological feature that distinguishes emphatic consonants from other consonants
akcent nacisk
special attention or prominence given to something
special weight or forcefulness given to something considered important

emphasize /ˈɛm.fə.saɪz/ [ˈɛɱ.fə.saɪz] v
podkreślać podkreślić
stress

emphatic /əmˈfætək/ /ɪmˈfætɪk/ adj
dobitny dosadny wyraźny
characterized by emphasis
kategoryczny stanowczy
stated with conviction

emphyteusis n
emfiteuza
right

empire /ˈɛmpaɪ.ə/ /ˈɛmpaɪə/ /ˈɛmˌpaɪɚ/ /ˈɛmˌpaɪɹ/ n
cesarstwo imperium
political unit ruled by an emperor
political unit, having numerous or extensive territories
group of states

empiric /ɛmˈpɪɹɪk/ /ɪmˈpɪɹɪk/ n
empiryk
ancient physician who based his theories solely on experience

empirical /ɪmˈpɪɹɪkəl/ adj
empiryczny aposterioryczny
pertaining to or based on experience

empirically adv
aposteriorycznie empirycznie
based on experience as opposed to theoretical knowledge

empiricism n
empiria
pursuit of knowledge purely through experience
empiryzm aposterioryzm
philosophical theory

empiricist n
empiryk
an advocate or supporter of empiricism

employ /ɛmˈplɔɪ/ /ɪmˈplɔɪ/ v
zatrudniać zatrudnić
to give someone work

employed /ɛmˈplɔɪd/ /ɪmˈplɔɪd/ adj
zatrudniony

employee /(ˌ)ɪm-/ /ɛmplɔɪˈiː/ /ˌɛmˈplɔɪiː/ n
pracownik pracownica
individual who provides labor to a company or another person

employer /ɛmplɔɪˈə/ /ɛmˈplɔɪ.ɚ/ /ɛmˈplɔɪə/ /ɪmˈplɔɪ.ɚ/ /ɪmˈplɔɪə/ n
pracodawca pracodawczyni
person or entity which employs others

employment /ɛmˈplɔɪmənt/ /ɪmˈplɔɪmənt/ n
zatrudnienie
the state of being employed

employment agency n
pośredniak urząd pracy
organisation that matches employers to employees

employment contract n
angaż umowa o pracę
category of contract

emporium /ɛmˈpɔ.ɹi.əm/ /ɛmˈpɔː.ɹi.əm/ /ɪm-/ n
emporium
place within a city for commerce and trading

empress /ˈɛmpɹəs/ n
cesarzowa imperatorowa
female monarch of an empire

empress dowager n
cesarzowa wdowa
mother of an emperor

emptiness n
pustka
the state or feeling of being empty

empty /ˈɛm.ti/ /ˈɛmp.ti/ adj
pusty próżny
devoid of content

empty /ˈɛm.ti/ /ˈɛmp.ti/ v
opróżnić
to make empty

empty nest n
puste gniazdo
home or family where the children have moved away

empty set n
zbiór pusty
unique set that contains no elements

emptyhanded adj
odejść z pustymi rękami
having nothing to offer
z pustymi rękami
having nothing to give

empyema /ɛm.paɪˈiː.mə/ /ɛm.pʌɪˈiː.mə/ n
ropniak
collection of pus

emu /ˈim(j)u/ /ˈiːmjuː/ n
emu
Dromaius novaehollandiae

emulation /-ʃɪn/ /ˌɛm.juˈleɪ̯.ʃən/ /ˌɛm.jʊˈleɪ̯.ʃən/ n
emulacja
jealous rivalry
software
imitowanie naśladownictwo
endeavour or desire to equal or excel

emulator /ˈɛmjəˌleɪtəɹ/ n
emulator
software or hardware that simulates another system
imitator imitatorka naśladowca naśladowczyni
person or thing that emulates

emulsion n
emulsja
suspension of one liquid in another

en bloc adv
en bloc
as a whole

en dash n
półpauza
typographical symbol –

en masse /ɑn ˈmæs/ /ɒn ˈmæs/ /ɒ̃ ˈmæs/ /ɪn ˈmæs/ adv
en masse
in a single body or group

en passant /ˌɑn pæˈsɑnt/ /ˌɑn pəˈsɑnt/ /ˌɒ̃ pæˈsɒ̃/ adv
bicie w przelocie
(chess) captured “in passing” by the other player's pawn

en passant /ˌɑn pæˈsɑnt/ /ˌɑn pəˈsɑnt/ /ˌɒ̃ pæˈsɒ̃/ n
bicie w przelocie
chess move

en route /ɑ(ː)n ɹu(ː)t/ /ɑ̃ ɹu(ː)t/ /ɒn ɹu(ː)t/ /ɛn ɹu(ː)t/
po drodze
along the way
w drodze
on the way

enable /ɪˈneɪbəl/ v
aktywować odblokować włączać
to activate a function of an electronic or mechanical device
umożliwiać umożliwić
to make something possible
upełnomocnić uzdolnić
to give power, sanction or authorization to; to provide with abilities, means, opportunities

enamel /əˈnæməl/ /ɪˈnæməl/ n
emalia
opaque, glassy coating baked onto metal or ceramic objects
coating that dries to a hard, glossy finish
szkliwo emalia
covering on the tooth

enamor /ɪˈnamə/ /ɪˈnæmɚ/ v
oczarować rozkochać
to inflame with love

enamored /ɪˈnæməɹd/ adj
zakochany
in love, amorous

enantiomer n
enancjomer
one of a pair of mirror-image stereoisomers

enantiotropic adj
enancjotropowy

encephalitis /ɛnˌkɛfəˈlaɪtɪs/ /ɛnˌsɛfəˈlaɪtɪs/ n
zapalenie mózgu zapalenie mózgu
inflammation of the brain

encephalo- prefix
encefalo-
pertaining to the brain

encephalon /ɛnˈsɛfəlɒn/ /ɛnˈsɛfələn/ /ɪnˈsɛfəlɑn/ /ɪnˈsɛfəlɪn/ [ɛnˈsɛfəln̩] [ɛnˈsɛfəlɔn] [ɪnˈsɛfəɫn̩] [ɪnˈsɛfəɫɑn] n
mózgowie
brain

encephalopathy /ɛnˌsɛfəˈlɒpəθi/ n
encefalopatia
condition affecting the brain

enchant /enˈt͡ʃɐːnt/ /ɘnˈt͡ʃɐːnt/ /ɛnˈt͡ʃant/ /ɛnˈt͡ʃænt/ /ɛnˈt͡ʃɑːnt/ /ɪnˈt͡ʃant/ /ɪnˈt͡ʃænt/ /ɪnˈt͡ʃɑːnt/ /ˈɪnˌt͡ʃænt/ /ˈɪnˌt͡ʃɑːnt/ v
oczarować
to attract and delight

enchanter /ənˈtʃɑːntə/ /ənˈt͡ʃæntɚ/ /ɛnˈtʃɑːntə/ /ɛnˈt͡ʃæntɚ/ /ɪnˈtʃɑːntə/ /ɪnˈt͡ʃæntɚ/ n
czarodziej czarownik
A spellcaster, conjurer, wizard, sorcerer or soothsayer

enchantress /-ɹəs/ /ɛnˈtʃɑːntɹɪs/ /ɛnˈt͡ʃæntɹɪs/ /ɪnˈtʃɑːntɹɪs/ /ɪnˈt͡ʃæntɹɪs/ n
czarodziejka
attractive woman skilled at using magic

enchilada /ˌɛn.t͡ʃɪˈlɑ.də/ n
enchilada
Mexican dish

encipher v
zaszyfrować
to encrypt

encircle /ɪnˈsɜːkl̩/ /ɪnˈsɝkl̩/ v
okrążać okrążyć otaczać otoczyć
surround

encirclement /ɪnˈsɜː(ɹ)kəlmənt/ n
okrążenie
act of encircling
otoczenie
isolation of a target

enclave /ˈɑnkleɪv/ /ˈɑŋkleɪv/ /ˈɒ̃kleɪv/ /ˈɛnkleɪv/ /ˈɛŋkleɪv/ n
enklawa
entity completely surrounded by another

enclitic /ɛnˈklɪtɪk/ /ɪnˈklɪtɪk/ n
enklityka
clitic which joins with the preceding word

enclosure /ɘnˈklɐʉʒɘ/ /ɛnˈkloʊʒəɹ/ /ɪnˈkloʊʒəɹ/ /ɪnˈkləʊʒə/ n
klauzura
inaccessible part of the monastery

encoder n
koder szyfrator
a device to encode a signal

encoding /ɪnˈkoʊdɪŋ/ /ɪnˈkəʊdɪŋ/ n
kodowanie
character encoding (computing)

encompass /-ˈkɑmpəs/ /ən-/ /ɛn-/ /ɪnˈkampəs/ /ɪnˈkʌmpəs/ v
obejmować
include
otaczać otoczyć
encircle

encore /ˈɑnkɔɹ/ /ˈɑŋkɔɹ/ /ˈɒŋkɔː/ /ˈɒ̃kɔː/ interjection
bis!
please perform again

encore /ˈɑnkɔɹ/ /ˈɑŋkɔɹ/ /ˈɒŋkɔː/ /ˈɒ̃kɔː/ n
bis
brief extra performance after the main performance is complete

encore /ˈɑnkɔɹ/ /ˈɑŋkɔɹ/ /ˈɒŋkɔː/ /ˈɒ̃kɔː/ v
bisować
to call for an encore
to perform an encore

encounter /ɪnˈkaʊntə/ /ɪnˈkaʊntɚ/ /ɪŋˈkaʊntə/ /ɪŋˈkaʊntɚ/ n
spotkanie
unplanned meeting

encourage /ɪnˈkɝ.ɪd͡ʒ/ /ɪnˈkʌɹ.ɪd͡ʒ/ v
dopingować popierać wspierać
mentally support or motivate
popierać
foster, give help or patronage
zachęcać namawiać namówić zachęcić
spur on, recommend

encouragement [ɪnˈkʌɹɪd͡ʒmənt] n
zachęcanie
the act of encouraging

encroach /ɛŋˈkɹəʊtʃ/ /ɪŋˈkɹəʊtʃ/ v
naruszać
to intrude unrightfully on someone else’s rights or territory

encrypt /ɪn.ˈkrɪpt/ v
szyfrować
to conceal information by means of a code or cipher

encryption /ɛnˈkɹɪpʃən/ /ɪnˈkɹɪpʃən/ /ɪŋˈkɹɪpʃən/ n
szyfrowanie
process

encumbrance /-bɹən(t)s/ /ɪnˈkʌm.bɹəns/ n
obciążenie
burden
interest, right, burden or liability

encyclical /ɛnˈsɪklɪkəl/ n
encyklika
papal letter

encyclopedia /ənˌsəɪ.kləˈpi.di.ə/ /ɪnˌsaɪ.kləˈpi(ː).di.ə/ n
encyklopedia
comprehensive reference with articles on a range of topics

encyclopedic adj
encyklopedyczny
of or relating to comprehensiveness and other characteristics of an encyclopedia
in lexicography

end /iːnd/ /ɛnd/ /ɪnd/ n
koniec
extreme part
koniec śmierć
death
meta
period in curling

end /iːnd/ /ɛnd/ /ɪnd/ v
kończyć
intransitive: be finished, be terminated
skończyć zakończyć
transitive: finish, terminate (something)

end in itself n
cel sam w sobie
something desired for itself

end of the world n
koniec świata
any change that seems catastrophic or devastating
end of the world

end result n
efekt końcowy

end times n
ostateczne czasy
the days leading up to the second coming of the Messiah

end user n
użytkownik końcowy
the final consumer of a product; the intended recipient or user

endanger /ənˈdeɪndʒə/ /ɛnˈdeɪnd͡ʒɚ/ /ɪnˈdeɪnd͡ʒɚ/ v
zagrażać zagrozić
to put someone or something in danger

endangered adj
zagrożony
in danger, at risk

endeavor /ɛnˈdɛv.ɚ/ /ɪnˈdɛv.ə/ /ɪnˈdɛv.ɚ/ n
dążenie próba usiłowanie
a sincere attempt
przedsięwzięcie
enterprise; assiduous or persistent activity

endeavor /ɛnˈdɛv.ɚ/ /ɪnˈdɛv.ə/ /ɪnˈdɛv.ɚ/ v
starać się usiłować
attempt through application of effort

endemic /ɛnˈdɛm.ɪk/ /ɪnˈdɛm.ɪk/ adj
endemiczny
prevalent in a particular area

endemic /ɛnˈdɛm.ɪk/ /ɪnˈdɛm.ɪk/ n
endemit
individual or species that is endemic

endive /ɒnˈdiːv/ /ˈɒndiːv/ /ˈɛndaɪv/ /ˈɛndɪv/ n
endywia
leafy salad vegetable, Cichorium endivia

endless /ˈɛndləs/ /ˈɛndlɪs/ adj
bezkresny
indefinite

endlessly /ˈɛndləsli/ adv
bez końca bezkreśnie
in an endless manner

endlessness n
bezkresność
state of being endless

endo- prefix
endo-

endocardium n
wsierdzie
membrane that lines the interior of the heart

endocarp n
endokarp
inner layer of the pericarp

endocrine /ˈɛnd.oʊ.kɹɪn/ /ˈɛndə(ʊ)kɹaɪn/ /ˈɛndə(ʊ)kɹɪn/ adj
dokrewny endokrynny hormonalny wewnątrzwydzielniczy
pertaining to the endocrine glands or their secretions

endocrine system n
endocrine system
system of ductless glands

endocrinological adj
endokrynologiczny
of or pertaining to endocrinology

endocrinologist /ˈɛn.dəʊ.kɹɪnˌɒl.ə.dʒɪst/ n
endokrynolog
practitioner of endocrinology

endocrinology /ˌɛn.də.krɪˈnɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/ /ˌɛn.də.krɪˈnɒ.lə.d͡ʒi/ n
endokrynologia
study of the endocrine glands

endofunction n
[[endo-]]funkcja
function whose codomain is equal to its domain

endofunctor n
[[endo-]]funktor

endogamous adj
endogamiczny
of a marriage, within a social group

endogamy /ɛnˈdɒɡəmi/ n
endogamia
the practice of marrying within one's own social group

endogenous /ɪnˈdɑ.d͡ʒə.nəs/ /ɪnˈdɒd͡ʒ.ə.nəs/ adj
endogeniczny endogenny
of a disease, caused by factors within the body
endogenny endogeniczny
produced, originating or growing from within

endohedral adj
endohedralny

endometriosis /ˌɛndoʊˌmiːtɹiˈoʊsəs/ /ˌɛndoʊˌmiːtɹiˈoʊsɪs/ n
endometrioza
endometrium condition

endometrium /ˌɛndəˈmiːtɹi.əm/ n
endometrium
mucous membrane

endonym n
endonim
a name used by a group or category of people to refer to themselves or their language

endoplasmic reticulum n
retikulum endoplazmatyczne
network of membranes

endorheic /-də/ /ˌɛndoʊˈɹiɪk/ /ˌɛndə(ʊ)ˈɹiːɪk/ adj
bezodpływowy
having no outflow to an external body of water such as a river or ocean, and only losing water through evaporation

endorphin /ɛnˈdɔ(ɹ)fɪn/ /ɛnˈdɔːfɪn/ n
endorfina
any of a group of peptide hormones

endorser n
żyrant
a person who endorses

endoscope n
endoskop
instrument

endoscopy /ɛnˈdɔ.skə.pi/ n
endoskopia
examination using an endoscope

endosperm n
bielmo
tissue

endospermic adj
bielmowy

endothelium n
śródbłonek
thin layer of cells

endothermic /ˌɛndəʊˈθəːmɪk/ adj
stałocieplny
zoology: of animal with regulated temperature

endotoxin n
endotoksyna
any toxin secreted by a microorganism that is released into surrounding environment only when it dies

endure /ɪnˈd(j)ʊɹ/ /ɪnˈdjɔː(ɹ)/ /ɪnˈdjʊə̯(ɹ)/ /ɪnˈdɝ/ /ɪnˈd͡ʒɔː(ɹ)/ /ɪnˈd͡ʒʊə̯(ɹ)/ v
wytrzymać
to continue despite obstacles

enduring /ɪnˈd(j)ʊɚ.ɪŋ/ /ɪnˈdjɔː.ɹɪŋ/ /ɪnˈdjʊə.ɹɪŋ/ /ɪnˈdɝ.ɪŋ/ adj
trwały wytrzymały
long-lasting

enema /ˈɛn.ə.mə/ n
lewatywa enema klizma
injection of fluid into the rectum

enemy /ˈɛnəmi/ n
wrogi wraży
of, relating to, or belonging to an enemy
wróg nieprzyjaciel przeciwnik nieprzyjaciółka przeciwniczka
someone who is hostile to, feels hatred towards, opposes the interests of, or intends injury to someone else

enemy of the people n
wróg ludu
a political or class opponent of the subgroup in power within a larger group

energetic /ˌɛnəˈdʒɛtɪk/ /ˌɛnɚˈd͡ʒɛtɪk/ adj
energiczny
possessing, exerting, or displaying energy

energetically adv
żwawo
in an energetic manner

energy /ˈɛn.ə.d͡ʒi/ /ˈɛn.ɚ.d͡ʒi/ n
energia
impetus behind activity
physics
capacity to do work

energy drink n
energetyk napój energetyczny
caffeinated soft drink

energy medicine n
bioenergoterapia bioterapia energoterapia

energy vampire n
wampir energetyczny
person who is emotionally draining

energyless adj
bezenergetyczny

enfilade /ˈɛnfəlˌeɪd/ /ˌɛnfəlˈeɪd/ n
amfilada
architecture
gunfire

engage /ɛnˈɡeɪd͡ʒ/ /ɪnˈɡeɪd͡ʒ/ v
angażować się zaangażować się
to enter into an activity
angażować zaangażować
to attract, to please
to draw into conversation
to engross or hold the attention of someone

engaged /ɛnˈɡeɪd͡ʒd/ /ɪnˈɡeɪd͡ʒd/ adj
narzeczona narzeczony
agreed to be married

engagement /ɪnˈɡeɪd͡ʒ.mənt/ n
zaręczyny
period of time when marriage is planned or promised

engagement ring n
pierścionek zaręczynowy
a ring signifying a promise to wed

engine /ˈend͡ʒɘn/ /ˈend͡ʒən/ /ˈend͡ʒɪn/ /ˈɛnd͡ʒən/ /ˈɛnd͡ʒɪn/ /ˈɪnd͡ʒɪn/ n
aparat mechanizm silnik
software or hardware system responsible for a specific technical task
silnik motor
mechanical device

engine block n
blok
casting containing piston cylinders

engine braking n
hamowanie silnikiem

engine displacement n
objętość skokowa pojemność skokowa
volume of air/fuel mixture

engine driver n
maszynista

engine room n
maszynownia siłownia
compartment on a ship

engine-generator n
agregat agregat prądotwórczy
generator with engine

engineer /ˌɛn(d)ʒɪˈnɪə/ /ˌɛnd͡ʒɪˈnɪ(ə)ɹ/ n
inżynier
person engaged in designing, constructing, or maintaining engines or machinery; (more generally) a person qualified or professionally engaged in any branch of engineering, or studying to do so
maszynista maszynistka

engineering /ˌɛn(d)ʒɪˈnɪə.ɹɪŋ/ /ˌɛn.d͡ʒɪˈnɪ(ə)ɹ.ɪŋ/ n
inżynieria
application of science to the needs of humanity

engineless adj
bezsilnikowy

english /ˈɪŋ.ɡlɪʃ/ n
angielski
spinning or rotary motion around the vertical axis

engr. n
inż.
abbreviation of engineer

engrave /ɪnˈɡɹeɪv/ v
grawerować rytować
carve text or symbols into (something)

engraving n
grawerka
an engraved image
grawerstwo rytownictwo
the practice of incising a design onto a hard, flat surface

engrossing /ɛnˈɡɹoʊsɪŋ/ /ɛnˈɡɹəʊsɪŋ/ /ɛŋˈɡɹoʊsɪŋ/ /ɛŋˈɡɹəʊsɪŋ/ adj
arcyciekawy przeciekawy
absorbing

engrossingly adv
arcyciekawie przeciekawie
in an enthralling way

enhance /ɛnˈhæns/ /ɪnˈhæns/ /ɪnˈhɑːns/ v
polepszać polepszyć poprawiać poprawić
improve something by adding features

enigma /əˈnɪɡmə/ /ɪˈnɪɡmə/ n
zagadka enigma
riddle, or a difficult problem
zagadka enigma tajemnica
something puzzling, mysterious or inexplicable

enigmatic /ˌɛnɪɡˈmætɪk/ adj
enigmatyczny zagadkowy
pertaining to an enigma
zagadkowy
mysterious

enjambment /ɪn.ˈd͡ʒæm.mənt/ /ɪn.ˈd͡ʒæmb.mənt/ n
przerzutnia
a technique in poetry

enjoy /ənˈd͡ʒɔɪ/ /ɛnˈd͡ʒɔɪ/ /ɪnˈd͡ʒɔɪ/ v
cieszyć pocieszyć podobać się spodobać się
to receive pleasure or satisfaction from something

enjoy your holiday phraseologicalUnit
miłych wakacji!
wishing someone good holidays

enjoyment /ənˈd͡ʒɔɪmənt/ /ɛnˈd͡ʒɔɪmənt/ /ɪnˈd͡ʒɔɪmənt/ n
przyjemność uciecha zadowolenie
the condition of enjoying anything

enlarge /ɪnˈlɑɹd͡ʒ/ /ɪnˈlɑːd͡ʒ/ v
powiększać powiększyć rozszerzać rozszerzyć
make larger

enlargement /ɪnˈlaːd͡ʒ.mənt/ /ɪnˈlɑɹd͡ʒ.mənt/ /ɪnˈlɑːd͡ʒ.mənt/ n
powiększenie zwiększenie
Act of making larger

enlarger n
powiększalnik
optical device used to make enlarged prints

enlighten /ənˈlaɪtən/ /ɛnˈlaɪtən/ /ɪnˈlaɪtən/ v
oświecać uświadamiać
to make clear to the intellect
to supply with light

enlightened absolutism n
absolutyzm oświecony

enlightenment /-laɪtmənt/ /ənˈlaɪtənmənt/ /ɪnˈlaɪtənmənt/ n
oświecenie
act of enlightening, state of being enlightened
philosophy and psychology related to achieving clarity of perception, reason and knowledge

enlist /ɪnˈlɪst/ v
werbować zwerbować
to recruit others
zapisać zapisywać
to join a cause or organization

enlistment n
werbunek
voluntary service

enmity /ˈɛm.nɪ.ti/ /ˈɛn.mɪ.ti/ n
wrogość nieprzyjaźń
hostile or unfriendly disposition

enneacontagon n
90[[kąt|-okąt]]
geometry

enneacontahedron n
90[[ściana|-ościan]]

enneacontahexagon n
96-okąt
96-sided polygon

enneadecagon n
dziewiętnastokąt
geometry

enneagon /ˈɛ.niː.ə.ɡən/ n
dziewięciobok dziewięciokąt
a polygon with nine sides; a nonagon

enneagram n
enneagram
nine-pointed stellate polygon

enneahedron n
dziewięciobok

ennoble /ɪˈnəʊbəl/ v
uszlachcać uszlachcić
To bestow with nobility, honour or grace

ennoblement n
nobilitacja
act of ennobling or something which ennobles

ennui /ɑnˈwi/ /ɒnˈwiː/ n
znużenie
listlessness, boredom

enol n
enol
compound containing a hydroxyl group bonded to a carbon atom which is doubly bonded to another carbon

enormous /iˈnɔɹ.məs/ /ɪˈnoː.məs/ /ɪˈnɔɹ.məs/ /ɪˈnɔː.məs/ adj
olbrzymi ogromny
extremely large

enough /i-/ /ə-/ /ɪˈnʌf/ adv
dosyć dość wystarczająco na tyle
sufficiently

enough /i-/ /ə-/ /ɪˈnʌf/ determiner
dość wystarczająco
sufficient

enough /i-/ /ə-/ /ɪˈnʌf/ interjection
basta dosyć dość starczy wystarczy
stop!

enough is enough /iˌnʌf‿ɪz iˈnʌf/ /ə-/ /ɪˌnʌf‿ɪz ɪˈnʌf/ phraseologicalUnit
miarka się przebrała
limit of patience or tolerance has been reached
wystarczy
one should be satisfied; nothing additional is required

enqueue v
zakolejkować
to add an item to a queue

enrage /ɪnˈɹeɪd͡ʒ/ v
denerwować rozwścieczać wkurwiać wkurzać
to fill with rage

enrapture /ɛnˈɹæpt͡ʃə(ɹ)/ /ɪnˈɹæpt͡ʃə(ɹ)/ v
oczarować zachwycić
to fill with great delight or joy; to fascinate

enrich /ɪnˈɹɪt͡ʃ/ v
bogacić wzbogacać
to make rich(er)

enriched uranium n
wzbogacony uran
uranium enriched with a higher amount of U-235

enriching adj
wzbogacający

enrichment n
wzbogacenie
the act of enriching
the process of making enriched uranium

enrollment n
nabór
act of enrolling or state of being enrolled

ensemble /ˌɑnˈsɑm.bəl/ /ˌɒnˈsɒm.bəl/ /ˌɒ̃nˈsɒ̃m.blə/ /ˌɒ̃nˈsɒ̃m.bl̩/ n
ansambl ensemble
a group of musicians, dancers etc who perform together; the chorus of a ballet company

ensign /ˈɛn.saɪn/ /ˈɛn.sən/ /ˈɛn.sɪn/ [ˈɛn.sn̩] n
bandera
banner
chorąży
military officer

enslave /ɪnˈsleɪv/ v
zniewalać zniewolić
to make subservient; to strip one of freedom; enthrall

enslavement n
zniewolenie
the act of enslaving or the state of being a slave; bondage

ensmallen /ɛnˈsmɔlən/ /ɪnˈsmɔːlən/ v
pomniejszać pomniejszyć
Make smaller

ensorcell /ɛnˈsɔɹsəl/ /ɛnˈsɔːs(ə)l/ /ɪn-/ v
oczarować zaczarować zaklinać
to bewitch or enchant

ensue /ɛnˈsjuː/ /ɛnˈsjʉː/ /ɛnˈʃuː/ /ɪnˈsjuː/ /ɪnˈsuː/ /ɪnˈʃuː/ v
wynikać następować
to occur as consequence

ensure /ɪnˈʃɔː/ /ɪnˈʃɝ/ /ɪnˈʃʊə/ /ɪnˈʃʊɹ/ v
upewniać upewnić utwierdzić zapewniać zapewnić
make sure or certain

enter /ˈɛntə(ɹ)/ /ˈɛntɚ/ [ˈɛɾ̃ɚ] [ˈɪɾ̃ɚ] v
wchodzić wejść
to go into (a room, etc.)

enter the equation v
wchodzić w grę

enteric /ɛnˈtɛɹɪk/ adj
jelitowy
of, relating to, within, or by way of the intestines

entero- prefix
entero-

enterprise /ˈɛntəˌpɹaɪz/ /ˈɛntɚˌpɹaɪz/ n
przedsiębiorczość
willingness to undertake projects, energy and initiative
przedsiębiorstwo antrepryza
company, business, organization, or endeavor

enterprise union n
związek zawodowy
a form of trade union

enterprising adj
przedsiębiorczy
very able and ingenious in business dealings

entertain /ˌɛntəˈteɪn/ /ˌɛntɚˈteɪn/ [ˌɛɾ̃ɚˈtʰeɪn] v
bawić gościć
to have over at one's home
bawić zabawiać
to amuse
brać pod uwagę wziąć pod uwagę
to receive and take into consideration

entertaining adj
zabawny zajmujący
amusing

entertainment /ˌɛn.tə(r)ˈteɪn.mənt/ n
rozrywka zabawa
activity designed to give pleasure or relaxation
widowisko
show for enjoyment

enthalpy /ˈɛn.θəl.piː/ n
entalpia zawartość cieplna
a measure of the heat content

enthrall /ɪnˈθɹɔːl/ v
oczarować zafascynować
hold spellbound
zniewolić
make subservient

enthrallingly adv
arcyciekawie przeciekawie
in an enthralling way

enthronement n
intronizacja
the act of enthroning or the state of being enthroned

enthusiasm /-θuː-/ /ɛn-/ /ɪnˈθjuːziæz(ə)m/ n
entuzjazm
feeling of excited, lively interest

enthusiast /-æst/ /-əst/ /-θuː-/ /-θïɯ-/ /-θʉː-/ /en-/ /ɪnˈθʉu̯.ziˌəst/ /ɪnˈθʊu.ziˌæst/ /ɪ̞nˈθʊʉ.ziˌəst/ n
entuzjasta czciciel czcicielka entuzjastka hołdownik miłośniczka
person filled with or guided by enthusiasm

enthusiastically adv
entuzjastycznie
in an enthusiastic manner

entice /ɪnˈtaɪs/ v
wabić zachęcać kusić mamić nęcić zachęcić
to lure; to attract by arousing desire or hope

entire /ənˈtaɪə/ /ənˈtaɪɚ/ /ɪnˈtaɪə/ /ɪnˈtaɪɚ/ adj
cały
whole

entirely /ɪnˈtaɪəli/ /ɪnˈtaɪɹli/ adv
zupełnie całkowicie
to the full extent

entirety /-ˈtaɪ.ə.ti/ /-ˈtʌɪɹəti/ /ɛn-/ /ɪnˈtaɪ.ə.ɹɪ.ti/ /ɪnˈtaɪ.ə.ɹɪti/ n
całość
wholeness

entitle /ənˈtaɪ.təl/ /ənˈtaɪtəl/ /ɛnˈtaɪ.təl/ v
tytułować utytułować
to give a title to a book etc.
tytułować utytułować zatytułować
to dignify by an honorary designation

entitled /ɪnˈtaɪtl̩d/ adj
roszczeniowy
convinced of one's own righteousness or the justifiability of one's actions or status
uprawniony
having a right to something
zatytułowany
having a title - book etc

entitledness n
roszczeniowość
feeling convinced of one's superiority or deservingness

entity /ˈɛn.tɪ.ti/ n
istnienie
something that has properties of being real
state or quality of existence
istnienie jednostka
that which exists as an individual unit

entomo- prefix
entomo-

entomological adj
entomologiczny
of or pertaining to entomology

entomologist n
entomolog entomolożka owadoznawca owadoznawczyni
scientist who studies insects

entomology n
entomologia owadoznawstwo
study of insects

entomophilic adj
owadopylny
pollinated by entomophily

entomophily /ɛntəˈmɒfəliː/ n
owadopylność
pollination by insects

entourage /ˈɑn.tə.ɹɑʒ/ /ˈɑ̃ː.tʊ.ɹɑːʒ/ /ˈɒn.tʊ.ɹɑːʒ/ n
asysta orszak świta asystencja
retinue of attendants, associates or followers

entr'acte /ɑ̃.tɹækt/ /ɒnˈtɹækt/ /ɒ̃ˈtɹækt/ /ˈɑnˌtɹækt/ /ˈɑnˌtɹɑkt/ /ˈɒn.tɹækt/ /ˈɒ̃.tɹækt/ n
antrakt
interval between two acts

entrails /ˈɛn.tɹeɪlz/ /ˈɛn.tɹəlz/ n
bebechy wnętrzności wątpia
internal organs

entrance /ˈɛn.tɹəns/ n
wejście
place of entering

entrance examination n
egzamin wstępny
examination used by an educational institution to select which students it will grant admission to

entreat /ənˈtɹiːt/ /ɛnˈtɹiːt/ /ɪnˈtɹiːt/ v
apelować zaapelować
to beseech or supplicate; to prevail upon by prayer or solicitation; to try to persuade

entrecôte /ˈɑntɹəkəʊt/ n
antrykot
a premium cut of beef

entrepreneur /ˌɑn.tɹə.pɹəˈnɝ/ /ˌɑn.tɹə.pɹəˈnʊɚ/ /ˌɑ̃.tɹə.pɹəˈnɜː/ /ˌɒn.tɹə.pɹəˈnɜː/ n
przedsiębiorca przedsiębiorczyni
person who organizes and operates a business and assumes the associated risk

entrepreneurial /ˌɑn.tɹə.prəˈnɝ.i.əl/ /ˌɒn.tɹə.pɹəˈnɜː.ɹi.əl/ /ˌɔn.tɹə.pɹəˈnɜː.ɹi.əl/ adj
przedsiębiorczy
having the spirit, attitude or qualities of an entrepreneur; enterprising

entrepreneurship /ˌɑn.trə.prəˈnɝ.ʃɪp/ /ˌɑn.trə.prəˈnʊɚ.ʃɪp/ /ˌɒn.tɹə.pɹəˈnɜːʃɪp/ n
przedsiębiorczość
quality of being an entrepreneur

entresol n
antresola
an intermediate floor in a building

entropy /ˈɛntɹəpi/ n
entropia
measure of the amount of information in a signal
term in thermodynamics
tendency of a system to descend into chaos

entrust /ɪnˈtɹʌst/ v
powierzyć
To trust to the care of

entry /ˈɛntɹi/ n
hasło
article in a dictionary or encyclopedia
wejście
act of entering
doorway that provides a means of entering a building
wpis
record in a log or in a database
wstęp wjazd
permission to enter

entry fee n
opłata za wejście wejściówka
Money needed to join or enter

entry-level adj
podstawowy
simple enough to be appropriate to an inexperienced person

entryphone n
domofon
an electronic communication system

entryway n
wejście wjazd
opening or hallway allowing entry into a structure

entwine /ɪnˈtwaɪn/ v
oplatać przeplatać splatać
twist or twine

enumerate /ɪˈn(j)u.məˌɹeɪt/ /ɪˈnjuː.məˌɹeɪt/ v
odliczać odliczyć
to determine the amount of
policzyć
to specify each member of a sequence individually in incrementing order

envelope /ˈɑn.vəˌlop/ /ˈɑ̃.və.ləʊp/ /ˈɒn.və.ləʊp/ /ˈɛn.və.ləʊp/ /ˈɛn.vəˌlop/ n
koperta
wrapper for mailing
obwiednia
electronics: curve that bounds a set of curves
geometry: object that is the tangent to a family of objects
music: shape of a sound
otoczka powłoka
something that envelops

enviable /ˈɛnvi.əbl̩/ adj
godny pozazdroszczenia
arousing or likely to arouse envy

envier n
zawistnica zawistnik zazdrośnica zazdrośnik
one who envies

envious /ˈɛnviːəs/ adj
zawistny
malignant; mischievous; spiteful
zazdrosny zawistny
feeling or exhibiting envy

enviously adv
zawistnie zazdrośnie
in an envious manner or to an envious degree

environment /-mɪnt/ /ənˈ-/ /ɪnˈvaɪɚ(n)mənt/ /ɪnˈvaɪɹə(n)mənt/ n
środowisko
area around something
software or hardware on a computer
środowisko ekosystem środowisko przyrodnicze
natural world or ecosystem
środowisko otoczenie
political or social setting, arena or condition

environmental audit n
audyt ekologiczny
evaluation of environmental compliance

environmental protection n
ochrona środowiska
protecting the environment

environmentalist n
ekolog zielony
one who advocates for the protection of the environment

envisage /ɛnˈvɪzɪd͡ʒ/ /ɪnˈvɪzɪd͡ʒ/ v
przedstawiać
to conceive or see something within in one's mind

envoy /ˈɑn.vɔɪ/ /ˈɛn.vɔɪ/ n
wysłannik
representative

envy /ˈɛnvi/ n
zazdrość zawiść
resentful desire of something possessed by another

envy /ˈɛnvi/ v
zazdrościć
to feel displeasure towards (someone) because of their good fortune, possessions

enzymatic adj
enzymatyczny
of, relating to, or caused by enzymes

enzyme /ˈɛn.zaɪm/ n
enzym
catalytic protein

eo ipso /ˌeɪəʊ ˈɪpsəʊ/ adv
eo ipso
Through or by that very act or quality; thereby

eo- /iːoʊ/ /iːəʊ/ prefix
eo-

eon /ˈeɪ.ɑn/ /ˈeɪ.ɒn/ /ˈi.ɑn/ /ˈiː.ɒn/ /ˈiː.ən/ n
eon
geochronologic unit
a being emanating from the Godhead
wieczność
eternity

eparch n
eparch
(Ancient Greece) the governor or prefect of a province

eparchy /ˈɛpˌɑɹ.ki/ /ˈɛpˌɑː.ki/ n
eparchia
diocese of a bishop
district of the Roman Empire

epaulette /ˈɛpəlɛt/ /ˌɛpəˈlɛt/ n
epolet pagon naramiennik galon
ornamentation

ependymoma n
wyściółczak
tumour

epenthesis /ɪˈpɛn.θə.sɪs/ n
epenteza
insertion of a phoneme or letter into a word

epenthetic /ˌɛpənˈθɛtɪk/ adj
epentetyczny
inserted into a word
of or pertaining to epenthesis

ephedra /ɪˈfɛdɹə/ /ˈɛfɪdɹə/ n
przęśl
plant

ephedrine /ɪˈfɛ.dɹɪn/ /ˈɛf.ə.dɹiːn/ /ˈɛf.ə.dɹɪn/ n
efedryna
alkaloid drug

ephemera /ɪˈfɛməɹə/ n
akcydens
library science
efemeryda
short lived items

ephemeral /əˈfɛ.mə.ɹəl/ /ɛˈfɛ.mə.ɹəl/ adj
efemeryczny
existing for only one day
efemeryczny ulotny
lasting for a short period of time

ephemerally adv
efemerycznie
in an ephemeral manner

ephemeris /ɪˈfɛməɹəs/ /ɪˈfɛməɹɪs/ n
efemeryda
table giving the apparent position of celestial bodies throughout the year

ephod /ˈiː.fɒd/ /ˈɛ.fɒd/ n
efod
apron worn by chief priest of ancient Israel

epi- prefix
epi-

epic /ˈep.ɪk/ /ˈɛp.ɪk/ adj
epicki
extraordinary
epicki epiczny
of, or relating to, an epic

epic /ˈep.ɪk/ /ˈɛp.ɪk/ n
epos epopeja poemat epicki
extended narrative poem

epicanthus /ˈɛpɪkˌanθəs/ /ˈɛpɪkˌænθəs/ n
zmarszczka nakątna
a skin fold of the upper eyelid, typical of East Asians

epicentre /ˈɛpɪˌsɛntə/ /ˈɛpɪˌsɛntɚ/ n
epicentrum
point above earthquake
focal point of activity

epicist n
epik
epics writer

epiclesis n
epikleza
prayer invoking the Holy Spirit

epicondyle n
nadkłykieć
protuberance above the condyle of a bone

epicrisis /ɪˈpɪk.ɹə.sɪs/ n
epikryza
critical or analytical summing-up

epicure /ˈɛpɪkjʊə/ /ˈɛpɪkjʊɹ/ n
smakosz
epicure; a person who takes particular pleasure in fine food and drink

epicycloid n
epicykloida
locus

epidemic /ˌɛpɪˈdɛmɪk/ adj
epidemiczny
like an epidemic

epidemic /ˌɛpɪˈdɛmɪk/ n
epidemia
widespread disease
occurrence of such disease

epidemiological adj
epidemiologiczny
of or pertaining to epidemiology

epidemiologist n
epidemiolog
scientist who specializes in epidemiology

epidemiology /ˈɛp.ɪ.diː.miː.ɒl.ə.d͡ʒi/ /ˌɛp.ɪˌdi.miˈɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/ /ˌɛp.ɪˌdɛm.iˈɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/ n
epidemiologia
branch of medicine dealing with transmission and control of disease in populations

epidermis /ˌɛ.pə.ˈdɝ.məs/ /ˌɛ.pɪ.ˈdɜː.mɪs/ n
blaszka
plant's outer layer
naskórek
skin's outer layer in animals

epididymis /ɛpiˈdɪdɪmɪs/ n
najądrze
tube

epigenetic adj
epigenetyczny
related to epigenetics

epigenetics /ˌɛpɪd͡ʒəˈnɛtɪks/ n
epigenetyka
study of heritable changes
study of processes

epiglottis /ˌɛ.pə.ˈɡlɑ.tɪs/ /ˌɛ.pɪ.ˈɡlɒ.tɪs/ n
nagłośnia
cartilaginous organ

epigone /ˈɛpəɡoʊn/ /ˈɛpəɡɑn/ /ˈɛpəɡəʊn/ /ˈɛpɪɡoʊn/ /ˈɛpɪɡɑn/ /ˈɛpɪɡəʊn/ n
epigon
imitator of artist or style

epigraph /ˈɛpɪˌɡɹæf/ n
epigraf
inscription
epigraf motto
literary quotation placed at the beginning of a text

epigraphically adv
epigraficznie
In terms of epigraph

epilator n
depilator
electrical device

epilepsy /ˈɛpɪlɛpsi/ n
epilepsja padaczka
medical condition

epilogue /ˈɛp.ɪ.lɒɡ/ /ˈɛpɪlɑɡ/ /ˈɛpɪlɔɡ/ n
epilog posłowie
brief oration or script at the end of a literary piece

epimer /ˈɛpɪmə(ɹ)/ n
epimer
diastereoisomer

epinephrine /ɛpɪˈnɛfɹɪn/ n
epinefryna
hormone and nurotransmitter

epiphany /ɛˈpɪfəni/ /ɪˈpɪfni/ /ɪˈpɪfəni/ n
epifania objawienie
manifestation or appearance of a divine or superhuman being
epifania objawienie olśnienie
illuminating realization or discovery

epiphenomenalism n
epifenomenalizm
doctrine

epiphenomenon /-fɪ-/ /-nən/ /ˌɛpəfəˈnɑmənə/ /ˌɛpəfəˈnɑməˌnɑn/ /ˌɛpɪfəˈnɒmɪnə/ /ˌɛpɪfəˈnɒmɪnən/ n
epifenomen
metal process or state that is an incidental by-product of physiological events in the brain or nervous system

epiphyte /ˈɛpɪfɑɪt/ n
epifit
plant that grows on another

episcopal /əˈpɪs.kə.pl̩/ adj
biskupi
related to a bishop

episiotomy /əˌpiːziːˈɒtəmiː/ /ˌɛpəsaɪˈɒtəmiː/ n
episiotomia nacięcie krocza
surgical incision

episode /ˈep.ɪ.səʉd/ /ˈɛp.ə.soʊd/ /ˈɛp.ɪ.səʊd/ n
epizod
incident or action connected with a series of events
odcinek epizod
instalment of a drama told in parts

episodic /ˌɛpɪˈsɑdɪk/ adj
epizodyczny

episodic memory n
pamięć epizodyczna

epistemic circularity n
cyrkularność epistemologiczna
quality

epistemological /ɪˌpɪstəməˈlɑd͡ʒəkəl/ /ɪˌpɪstəməˈlɒd͡ʒɪkl̩/ adj
epistemologiczny gnoseologiczny
of or pertaining to epistemology or theory of knowledge, as a field of study

epistemologically adv
epistemologicznie gnoseologicznie
in a manner that pertains to epistemology

epistemologist n
epistemolog
A person, especially a philosopher, who studies theory of knowledge

epistemology /iˌpɪs.təˈmɑl.ə.d͡ʒi/ /əˌpɪs.təˈmɑl.ə.d͡ʒi/ /ɛˌpɪs.tiˈmɔl.ə.d͡ʒi/ /ɛˌpɪs.təˈmɑl.ə.d͡ʒi/ /ɪˌpɪs.təˈmɑl.ə.d͡ʒi/ /ɪˌpɪs.təˈmɒl.ə.d͡ʒi/ n
epistemologia gnoseologia teoria poznania
branch of philosophy dealing with the study of knowledge

epistle /ɪˈpɪs(ə)l/ /ɪˈpɪsl̩/ n
epistoła list
letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly
list
one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle

epistolary /ɪˈpɪst(ə)ˌləɹi/ adj
epistolarny
in the manner of written correspondence
epistolarny listowny
of or relating to letters, or the writing of letters

epitaph /ˈɛp.ɪˌtæf/ /ˈɛp.ɪˌtɑːf/ n
epitafium
inscription on a gravestone
commemorative poem or other text

epithalamium /ɛpɪθəˈleɪmɪəm/ n
epitalamium
song or poem celebrating a marriage

epithalamus n
nadwzgórze
segment of the diencephalon

epithelium /ˌɛpɪˈθiːlɪəm/ n
nabłonek tkanka graniczna tkanka nabłonkowa
membranous tissue

epithet /ˈɛp.əˌθɛt/ /ˈɛp.ɪˌθɛt/ n
epitet
term used to characterize a person or thing
abusive or contemptuous word or phrase
term used as a descriptive substitute for the name or title of a person

epitome /əˈpɪt.ə.mi/ /ɪˈpɪt.ə.mi/ n
ucieleśnienie
embodiment or encapsulation of

epitrachelion /-ˈkiː-/ /ˌɛpɪtɹɑˈkiliɔn/ /ˌɛpɪtɹəˈkiliɒn/ /ˌɛpɪtɹəˈkiljən/ n
epitrachelion
vestment

epitrochoid n
epitrochoida
geometric curve

epizootiological adj
epizootiologiczny

epoch /ˈeɪˌpɑk/ /ˈiˌpɑk/ /ˈiːpɒk/ /ˈɛp.ək/ /ˈɛpək/ /ˈɛpˌɑk/ n
epoka
particular period of history

epochal adj
epokowy
of or pertaining to an epoch
epokowy przełomowy
highly important

eponym /ˈɛpənɪm/ n
eponim
person's name that has given rise to the name of something
word formed from a person’s name

eponymous /əˈpɑnəməs/ /ɛ-/ /ɪˈpɒnɪməs/ adj
eponimiczny tytułowy
of, relating to, or being the person or entity after which someone or something is named

epoophoron n
nadjajnik
a group of tubules, a remnant of the Wolffian body, often found near the ovary or oviduct

epopee /ˈɛpəpiː/ n
epopeja
an epic, saga

epoxide /ˈipɑksaɪd/ n
epitlenki
cyclic ether

epoxy resin n
żywica epoksydowa
polyether resin

epsilon /ɛpˈsaɪ.lən/ /ˈɛp.sɪ.lən/ /ˈɛp.sɪˌlɑn/ /ˈɛp.sɪˌlɒn/ n
błahostka
negligible effect
epsilon
name for the fifth letter of the Greek alphabet

equal /ˈiːkwəl/ /ˈiːkəl/ adj
równy
mathematics: exactly identical
równy jednakowy
the same in all respects

equal rights n
równouprawnienie
concept of equal treatment

equal sign n
równa się znak równania znak równości
symbol

equality /ɪˈkwɑ.lɪ.ti/ /ɪˈkwɒl.ɪ.ti/ [ɪˈkwɑ.lɪ.ɾi] n
równość
fact of being equal
równość adekwacja
equal treatment of people irrespective of social or cultural differences

equation /ɪˈkweɪʃən/ /ɪˈkweɪʒən/ n
równanie
mathematics: assertion

equator /iˈkweɪ.tɚ/ /ɪˈkweɪ.tə/ /ɪˈkweɪ.tɚ/ n
równik
circle around the earth

equatorial /ˌɛkwəˈtɔːɹiəl/ adj
równikowy
of, near, or relating to the equator

equestrian adj
jeździecki
of horseback riding or horseback riders

equestrianism n
jeździectwo
the art or sport of riding horses

equiangular adj
równokątny
geometry: having all internal angles equal

equilateral adj
równoboczny
referring to a polygon all of whose sides are of equal length

equilateral triangle n
trójkąt równoboczny
type of triangle

equilibrist n
ekwilibrysta ekwilibrystka
tightrope walker

equilibrium /iːkwɪˈlɪbɹɪəm/ /ɛkwɪˈlɪbɹɪəm/ n
równowaga
condition of a system in which competing influences are balanced
physics: state of a body at rest or in uniform motion in which the resultant of all forces on it is zero
chemistry: state of a reaction in which the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are the same
równowaga psychiczna
mental balance

equine /ˈiˌkwaɪn/ /ˈiːˌkwaɪn/ /ˈɛˌkwaɪn/ adj
koński
of or relating to a horse or horses

equinoctial /ˌiː.kwəˈnɑk.ʃəl/ /ˌɛk.wəˈnɑk.ʃəl/ /ˌɛk.wɪˈnɒk.ʃəl/ adj
równonocny
of, or relating to an equinox

equinox /ˈi-/ /ˈiː-/ /ˈɛkwəˌnɑks/ /ˈɛkwɪnɒks/ /ˌi-/ /ˌiː-/ /ˌɛkwəˈnɑktiz/ /ˌɛkwɪˈnɒktiːz/ n
równonoc ekwinokcjum
one of the two times in the year when the length of the day and night are equal, which occurs when the apparent path of the Sun intersects with the equatorial plane of the Earth

equinumerous adj
równoliczny
of equal cardinality

equip /ɪˈkwɪp/ v
wyposażyć wyposażać
to supply with something necessary in order to carry out a specific action or task

equipment /ɪˈkwɪpmənt/ n
sprzęt wyposażenie oprzyrządowanie przybory
whatever is used in equipping
wyposażanie
the act of equipping

equivalence /ɪˈkwɪv.ə.ləns/ n
równoważność równoważności
condition of being equivalent

equivalence relation n
relacja równoważności
binary relation

equivalent /ɪˈkwɪvələnt/ adj
ekwiwalentny odpowiadający odpowiedni równoważny
similar or identical in value

equivalent /ɪˈkwɪvələnt/ n
odpowiednik równoznacznik zamiennik
anything that is virtually equal to something else

equivalent weight n
gramorównoważnik
equivalent weight

equivocation /əˌkwɪvəˈkeɪʃn/ /ɪˌkwɪvəˈkeɪʃn̩/ /ɪˌkwɪvəˈkeɪʃən/ n
ekwiwokacja
Expression susceptible of a double signification, possibly misleading
Logical fallacy

era /ˈɛɹ.ə/ /ˈɪə.ɹə/ /ˈɪɚ.ə/ [ˈɪə̯.ɹə] n
era
time period

eradicate /ɪˈɹæd.ɪ.keɪt/ v
wykorzenić
to pull up by the roots
wytępić
to completely destroy; to reduce to nothing radically

eradication n
wykorzenienie
act of plucking up by the roots

erase /ɪˈɹeɪs/ /ɪˈɹeɪz/ v
wymazać wymazywać zetrzeć ścierać
to remove markings or information

eraser /ɪˈɹeɪsɚ/ /ɪˈɹeɪzə/ n
gumka
thing used to erase something written or drawn

erbium /ˈɜː.bɪ.əm/ /ˈɝ.bi.əm/ n
erb
chemical element

erect /ɪˈɹɛkt/ v
wznieść
to put up by the fitting together of materials or parts

erectile dysfunction n
zaburzenie erekcji
erectile dysfunction

erection /ɪˈɹɛkʃən/ n
erekcja wzniesienie
act of building
erekcja wzwód
rigid state of penis or clitoris
physiology: process by which a penis becomes erect

ergo /ˈɛɚɡoʊ/ /ˈɝɡoʊ/ conjunction
zatem ergo przeto więc
conjunction: therefore

ergo- prefix
ergo-

ergonomics /əːɡəˈnɒmɪks/ /ˌɝɡəˈnɑmɪks/ n
ergonomia
science of the design of equipment

ergonym /ˈɜː(ɹ)ɡənɪm/ n
ergonim

ergot /ˈərɡət/ /ˈərˌɡɑt/ /ˈəːɡɒt/ /ˈəːɡət/ n
buławinka
any fungus of the genus Claviceps
sporysz
deformed grain

eristic n
erystyka
type of dialogue

erm /ɝm/ interjection
hm hmm
expression of uncertainty

ermine /ˈɜːmɪn/ /ˈɝmɪn/ n
gronostaj
Mustela erminea, M. richardsonii, M. haidarum
(heraldry) a white field with black spots
gronostaje
the white fur of this animal

erogenous zone n
strefa erogenna
erogenous zone

erosion /əˈɹoʊʒən/ /əˈɹəʊʒən/ n
erozja
the result of having being eroded
destruction by abrasive action of fluids
the changing of a surface by mechanical action

erotic /ɪˈɹɑtɪk/ /ɪˈɹɒtɪk/ adj
erotyczny
tending to arouse sexual desire

erotica /ɪˈɹɒt.ɪkə/ n
erotyka erotyzm
erotic literature or art

eroticism n
erotyka erotyzm
the state of being erotic, or of being sexually aroused
sexual excitement, especially if abnormally persistent

erotomania n
erotomania
mental disorder based on the delusion of a romantic relationship

err /ɛə(ɹ)/ /ɛɚ/ /ɜː(ɹ)/ /ɝ/ v
błądzić mylić pomylić popełniać błąd popełnić błąd zbłądzić

err on the side of caution v
zachować ostrożność zachowywać ostrożność
to act in the least risky manner

errand /ˈɛɹənd/ n
sprawa
purpose of a small trip

errand boy n
chłopiec na posyłki
male employed to run errands

errant /ˈɛɹ(ə)nt/ /ˈɛɹənt/ adj
błędny
straying from the proper course or standard

errata /ɛˈɹɑtə/ /ɛˈɹɑːtə/ n
errata
added page listing the errors which were discovered after printing

erroneous /ɛɹˈoʊ.ni.əs/ /ɛɹˈəʊ.nɪ.əs/ /ɪˈɹoʊ.ni.əs/ /ɪˈɹəʊ.nɪ.əs/ adj
błędny
containing an error; inaccurate

error /ɛɚ/ /ˈɛɹ.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈɛɹ.ɚ/ n
błąd pomiaru
statistics: difference between a measured or calculated value and a true one
błąd pomyłka omyłka
mistake

error /ɛɚ/ /ˈɛɹ.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈɛɹ.ɚ/ v
pokazać błąd pokazywać błąd
To show an error
sprawiać błąd sprawić błąd
to cause or contain an error

error message n
komunkat o błędzie
message displayed when a failure condition occurs

error-proneness n
skłonność do błędów

errorless adj
bezbłędny
free from errors

errorlessly adv
bezbłędnie
in a errorless manner

errorlessness n
bezbłędność

ersatz /ɛəɹˈsɑːts/ /ɛəɹˈzɑːts/ /ˈɛəzæts/ /ˈɛəɹsɑts/ /ˈɛəɹzɑts/ /ˈɜːsæts/ /ˈɝsæts/ [ɛəɹˈsɑːts] n
erzac
something made in imitation

erstwhile /ˈɜː(ɹ)st.waɪl/ /ˈɝst.waɪl/ adj
były
former, previous

erudition /ˌɛɹʊˈdɪʃən/ n
erudycja oczytanie
profound knowledge, especially that based on learning and scholarship

eruption /ɪˈɹʌpʃən/ n
erupcja
violent ejection, such as that of lava from a volcano
sudden release of pressure or tension

eruptive /ɪˈɹʌptɪv/ adj
erupcyjny

erysipelas /ˌɛ.ɹɪˈsɪp.ɪl.əs/ /ˌɛɹ.əˈsɪp.ləs/ /ˌɛɹ.əˈsɪp.əl.əs/ /ˌɪɹ.əˈsɪp.ləs/ /ˌɪɹ.əˈsɪp.əl.əs/ n
róża
acute febrile disease

erysipeloid n
różyca
mild cutaneous infection by Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae

erythema /ˌɛɹəˈθiːmə/ n
rumień erytema
abnormal redness

erythro- prefix
erytro-
red

erythromycin /ɪˌɹɪθ.ɹə(ʊ)ˈmʌɪ.sɪn/ /ɪˌɹɪθ.ɹəˈmaɪ.sn̩/ n
erytromycyna

erythropoiesis n
erytropoeza
production of red blood cells

escalade /ˈɛskəˌleɪd/ /ˈɛskəˌlɑd/ /ˌɛskəˈleɪd/ v
wspinać się
to scale the walls of a fortification

escalate /ˈɛs.kjə.leɪt/ /ˈɛs.kə.leɪt/ v
nasilać się nasilić się
to intensify

escalation /ˈɛs.kəˌleɪ.ʃən/ n
eskalacja
a deliberate or premeditated increase in the violence or geographic scope of a conflict
eskalacja nasilenie
an increase or rise, especially one to counteract a perceived discrepancy

escalator /ˈɛs.kə.leɪ.tə/ /ˈɛs.kə.leɪ.tɚ/ n
eskalator ruchome schody
mechanical device

escalope /ˈɛskəˌloʊp/ /ˈɛskəˌlɒp/ /ˌɛskəˈloʊp/ n
eskalop eskalopek eskalopka
thin slice of meat

escape /əˈskeɪp/ /ɛ-/ /ɛk-/ /ɪk-/ /ɪˈskeɪp/ n
ucieczka
act of leaving a dangerous or unpleasant situation

escape /əˈskeɪp/ /ɛ-/ /ɛk-/ /ɪk-/ /ɪˈskeɪp/ v
uniknąć unikać
to elude
wydostawać się wydostać się
to get free

escape room n
escape room
room containing various puzzles and riddles that players must solve in order to escape

escape velocity n
prędkość ucieczki
minimum velocity

escapism /ɪˈskeɪpɪzəm/ n
eskapizm
inclination to escape

escargot /ɪsˈkɑːɡəʊ/ /ˌɛskɑɹˈɡoʊ/ n
ślimak
dish

eschatological /ˌɛskətəˈlɑd͡ʒɪkəl/ /ˌɛskətəˈlɒdʒɪkəl/ adj
eschatologiczny
pertaining to eschatology

eschatology /ˌɛs.kəˈtɔl.ə.d͡ʒi/ /ˌɛsk.əˈtɒl.ə.d͡ʒi/ n
eschatologia
system of doctrines concerning final matters, such as death
the study of the end times

escheat /əsˈt͡ʃiːt/ n
kaduk

escort /ɪsˈkɔɹt/ /ɪsˈkɔːt/ /ˈɛs.kɔɹt/ /ˈɛs.kɔːt/ n
eskorta
accompanying person
konwój eskorta świta
group of people who provide safety

escutcheon /ɪˈskʌt͡ʃən/ n
tarcza herbowa
coat of arms

esker /ˈɛskə/ /ˈɛskɚ/ n
oz
ridge created under glacier

esoteric /ˌiː.səˈtɛɹ.ɪk/ /ˌɛs.oʊˈtɛɹ.ɪk/ /ˌɛs.əˈtɛɹ.ɪk/ adj
ezoteryczny skryty tajny
confidential; private
ezoteryczny tajemny
understood only by a chosen few
niezrozumiały zawiły
having to do with concepts that are highly theoretical

esoterism n
ezoteryka
inward forms of faith and religion

espadrille /ɛspəˈdɹɪl/ n
espadryla espadryl
light shoe

especially /əˈspɛʃ.(ə.)li/ /ɛkˈspɛʃ.(ə.)li/ /ɛsˈpɛʃ.(ə.)li/ /ɪˈspɛʃ.(ə.)li/ adv
szczególnie
in a special manner
szczególnie zwłaszcza w szczególności
particularly

espionage /ˈɛs.pi.ə.ˌnɑːʒ/ n
szpiegostwo wywiad
act of learning secret information through clandestine means

esplanade /ˈɛspləˌneɪd/ /ˈɛspləˌnɑd/ /ˌɛspləˈnɑːd/ n
esplanada
clear space between a citadel and the nearest houses

espouse /ɪˈspaʊs/ /ɪˈspaʊz/ v
ożenić się poślubić wyjść za mąż
to marry

espresso /əˈspɹɛsəʊ/ /ɛkˈspɹɛsoʊ/ /ɛkˈspɹɛsəʊ/ /ɛˈspɹɛsoʊ/ /ɛˈspɹɛsəʊ/ /ɪkˈspɹɛsoʊ/ /ɪkˈspɹɛsəʊ/ /ɪˈspɹɛsəʊ/ n
espresso
strong type of coffee

esprit de corps /ɛˌspɹi də ˈkɔɹ/ /ɛˌspɹiː də ˈkɔː/ n
poczucie solidarności
shared spirit of comradeship, enthusiasm, and devotion

esquamulose /iˈskweɪmjʊloʊs/ /iːˈskweɪmjʊləʊs/ adj
bezłuski
not covered in scales or scale-like objects

essay /ɛˈseɪ/ /ˈɛs.eɪ/ n
esej rozprawka wypracowanie
written composition

essayist /ˈɛ.seɪ.ɪst/ n
eseista eseistka
one who composes essays; a writer of short compositions

essence /ˈɛsəns/ n
esencja
inherent nature

essential /ɪˈsɛn.ʃəl/ [əˈsɛn.tʃəl] adj
niezbędny
necessary
podstawowy
in basic form
zasadniczy
of high importance

essential amino acid n
aminokwas egzogenny
amino acid which is a dietry requirement

essential oil n
olejek eteryczny
volatile oil used to make perfumes and flavourings

essential tremor n
drżenie samoistne
Neurological condition

essentially /ɪˈsɛnʃəli/ adv
w gruncie rzeczy zasadniczo
essentially

establish /ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ/ v
ustalić
To prove and cause to be accepted as true; to establish a fact; to demonstrate
ustalić ustanowić
To make stable or firm; to confirm
ustanowić wyznaczyć
To appoint, as officers, laws, regulations, etc.; to enact; to ordain
ustanowić założyć
To found; to institute
założyć zakładać
To form; to set up in business

establishment /ɪˈstæblɪʃmənt/ n
establishment
slang: the ruling class or authority group
ustanawianie ustanowienie zakładanie założenie
the act of establishing

estate agent n
agent nieruchomości agentka nieruchomości
one acting for another in sale or lease of real estate

esteem /əˈstiːm/ /ɪˈstiːm/ v
szanować
to regard with respect

ester /ˈɛstə/ /ˈɛstɚ/ n
ester
compound with carbon-oxygen double bond joined via carbon to another oxygen atom

esterase n
esteraza
any of a certain class of enzymes

estimate /ˈɛs.tə.mət/ /ˈɛs.təˌmeɪt/ /ˈɛs.tɪ.mət/ /ˈɛs.tɪˌmeɪt/ n
kosztorys
(construction and business) a document specifying how much a job will probably cost
oszacowanie
rough calculation or guess

estimate /ˈɛs.tə.mət/ /ˈɛs.təˌmeɪt/ /ˈɛs.tɪ.mət/ /ˈɛs.tɪˌmeɪt/ v
szacować
to calculate roughly

estimator /ˈes.tɪˌmæɪ.tə/ /ˈɛs.təˌmeɪ.tɚ/ /ˈɛs.tɪˌmeɪ.tə/ [ˈes.tɪˌmæɪ.ɾə] [ˈɛs.təˌmeɪ.ɾɚ] n
estymator
function

estradiol /ˌɛ.stɹəˈdaɪˌɔl/ n
estradiol

estrogen /ˈiːstɹəd͡ʒən/ /ˈɛstɹəd͡ʒən/ n
estrogen
estrogen

estrogenic adj
estrogenny estrogenowy
of, relating to, or acting like estrogen

estuary /ˈɛstjʊəɹi/ /ˈɛst͡ʃuˌɛɹi/ /ˈɛst͡ʃəɹi/ /ˈɛst͡ʃʊəɹi/ n
estuarium
place where ocean tides and river water merge

et al. /eɪˈtɑːl/ /ɛtˈæl/ /ɛtˈɑːl/ /ɛtˈɔl/ phraseologicalUnit
i in. et al
and others

et tu, Brute /ɛt ˈtu ˌbɹutɛ/ phraseologicalUnit
I ty, Brutusie
expression of betrayal

eta /ˈeɪtə/ /ˈiːtə/ n
eta
Greek letter

etc. /ɪkˈsɛt(ə)ɹə/ /ɪt ˈsɛt(ə)ɹə/ /ˌɛkˈsɛt(ə)ɹə/ /ˌɛt ˈsɛt(ə)ɹə/ phraseologicalUnit
itd. etc. i tak dalej i tym podobne i tym podobnie itp.
and so on

etch /ɛt͡ʃ/ v
ryć wytrawiać wytrawić
to engrave

etcher n
akwaforcista akwaforcistka
person

etching /ˈɛt͡ʃ.ɪŋ/ n
akwaforta
image created by this process
akwaforta trawienie
art of producing an image

eternal /iˈtɝ.nəl/ /ɪˈtɜː.nəl/ /ɪˈtɝ.nəl/ adj
wieczny wiekuisty bezczasowy pozaczasowy wieczysty
lasting forever

eternal sleep n
wieczny sen
death (euphemism)

eternally /ɪˈtɜː(ɹ)nəli/ adv
wiecznie
forever

eternity /ɪˈtɜː.nə.ti/ /ɪˈtɝnɪti/ n
wieczność
infinite time
informal: a comparatively long time
period of time that elapses after death
time extending infinitely far into the future

ethane /ˈiːθeɪn/ /ˈɛθeɪn/ n
etan
aliphatic hydrocarbon, C₂H₆

ethanol /ˈɛθ.ə.nɑl/ /ˈɛθ.ə.nɒl/ n
etanol alkohol etylowy
simple aliphatic alcohol: CH₃-CH₂-OH

ether /ˈi.θɚ/ /ˈiː.θə/ n
eter
(organic chemistry) compound containing an oxygen atom bonded to two hydrocarbon groups
substance once thought to fill all unoccupied space
substance supposed to fill the upper regions of the atmosphere
(organic chemistry) diethyl ether

ethereal /ɪˈθɪə.ɹɪ.əl/ /ɪˈθɪɚ.i.əl/ adj
eteryczny lekki zwiewny
consisting of ether; hence, exceedingly light or airy; tenuous; spiritlike; characterized by extreme delicacy
eteryczny niebiański nieziemski
pertaining to the hypothetical upper, purer air, or to the higher regions beyond the earth or beyond the atmosphere

etheromania n
eteromania
ether addiction

ethical /ˈɛθɪkəl/ adj
etyczny
of or relating to the study of ethics
morally approvable, when referring to an action that affects others; good
of or relating to the accepted principles of right and wrong, especially those of some organization or profession

ethical dative n
celownik etyczny
form of the dative case

ethicality n
etyczność
manner of being

ethicist /ˈɛθɪsɪst/ n
etyk
person who studies principles governing right and wrong conduct

ethics /ˈɛθ.ɪks/ n
etyka
study of principles governing right and wrong conduct
standards of conduct

ethnic /ˈɛθ.nɪk/ adj
etniczny
of or relating to a group of people

ethnic cleansing n
czystka etniczna
ethnic cleansing

ethnic group n
grupa etniczna
ethnic group

ethnicity /ɛθˈnɪsɪti/ n
narodowość
the characteristics of an ethnic group

ethno- /ɛθnoʊ/ prefix
etno-
race, ethnicity

ethnocentric adj
etnocentryczny
related to ethnocentrism

ethnocentrism /ˌɛθ.nəʊˈsɛn.tɹɪzm̩/ n
etnocentryzm
tendency

ethnocide n
etnocyd

ethnogenesis n
etnogeneza

ethnographic adj
etnograficzny
of, or relating to ethnography

ethnography /ɛθˈnɑɡɹəfi/ /ɛθˈnɒɡɹəfi/ n
etnografia
branch of anthropology

ethnolect /ˈɛθnəlɛkt/ n
etnolekt
language variety

ethnologist n
etnolog etnolożka
one who practices ethnology

ethnology n
etnologia
branch of anthropology

ethnonationalism n
etynonacjonalizm
type of nationalism

ethnonym n
etnonim
name of an ethnic group

ethnoreligious /ˌɛθnəʊɹɪˈlɪd͡ʒəs/ adj
etnoreligijny
Of or pertaining to ethnicity and religion

etho- prefix
eto-

ethology /iˈθɑl.ə.d͡ʒi/ /iːˈθɒl.ə.dʒi/ /ɪˈθɑl.ə.d͡ʒi/ n
etologia
study of human and animal behaviour

ethyl /ˈiːθaɪl/ /ˈiːθɪl/ /ˈɛθaɪl/ /ˈɛθəl/ /ˈɛθɪl/ n
etyl
C₂H₅

ethyl alcohol n
alkohol etylowy etanol
ethanol

ethylic adj
etylowy

etiquette /ˈɛt.ɪ.kɪt/ /ˈɛt.ɪˌkɛt/ n
etykieta kurtuazja
forms to be observed in social or official life

etude /eɪˈtjuːd/ /eɪˈtuːd/ /ˈeɪˌtjud/ /ˈeɪˌtud/ n
etiuda
piece of music

etymological /ˌɛt.ɪ.məˈlɑ.d͡ʒɪ.kəl/ adj
etymologiczny
of or relating to etymology

etymologist n
etymolog etymolożka
person who specializes in etymology

etymology /ˌet.əˈmɔl.ə.d͡ʒi/ /ˌɛt.əˈmɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/ /ˌɛt.ɪˈmɒl.ə.d͡ʒi/ [ˌeɾ.əˈmɔl.ə.d͡ʒi] [ˌɛɾ.əˈmɑ.lə.d͡ʒi] n
etymologia źródłosłów
account of the origin and historical development of a word
study of the historical development of languages, particularly of individual words

etymon /ˈɛt.ə.mɑn/ /ˈɛt.ə.mɒn/ /ˈɛt.ɪ.mɒn/ n
etymon
ancestral form or source word

eu- /ju-/ prefix
eu-

eucalyptus /ˌjuːkəˈlɪptəs/ n
eukaliptus
any of many trees of genus Eucalyptus

eucharistic adj
eucharystyczny
pertaining to the Eucharist

euchologion /juːkə(ʊ)ˈləʊdʒɪən/ n
euchologion
prayer book

eugenic /juˈd͡ʒɛn.ɪk/ adj
eugeniczny
of or relating to eugenics

eugenics /juːˈd͡ʒɛnɪks/ n
eugenika
social philosophy

euhemerism /juˈhiməˌrɪzəm/ /juːˈhiːmərɪzm/ /juːˈhiːmərɪzəm/ n
euhemeryzm
attribution of a historical origin to myths and legends

eukaryote /juˈkæɹi.oʊt/ /juˈkæɹi.ɒt/ /juˈkæɹi.ət/ /juˈkɛəɹi.oʊt/ /juːˈkæɹi.əʊt/ n
eukariont jądrowiec
any of the single-celled or multicellular organisms whose cells contain at least one distinct nucleus

eukaryotic adj
eukariotyczny
having complex cells

eulogy /ˈju.lə.d͡ʒi/ /ˈjuː.lə.d͡ʒi/ n
laudacja
an oration to honor a deceased person

eunuch /ˈjuː.nək/ n
eunuch
such a man who was harem guard or in Middle Eastern courts under Roman Emperors, important officials of the state
eunuch kastrat rzezaniec trzebieniec
castrated human male

eunuchoid n
eunuchoid
organism exhibiting eunuchoidism

eunuchoidism n
eunuchoidyzm
syndrome in males with a lack of sex characteristics due to lack of proper male sex hormones

euphemism /ˈjuː.fəˌmɪz.əm/ n
eufemizm
use of a word or phrase to replace another word with one considered less offensive
word or phrase that is used to replace another in this way

euphemistic adj
eufemistyczny
of euphemism

euphemistically adv
eufemistycznie
in a euphemistic manner

euphonious /juˈfoʊ.ni.əs/ /juːˈfəʊ.nɪ.əs/ adj
eufoniczny
demonstrating or possessing euphony; agreeable to the ear; pleasant-sounding

euphonium /juːˈfəʊnɪəm/ n
eufonium
brass instrument

euphoria /juːˈfɔːɹi.ə/ n
euforia
an excited state of joy

euphoric /juːˈfɒɹɪk/ adj
euforyczny
feeling great well-being or elation or intense happiness; characterized by euphoria

euphorically adv
euforycznie
in a euphoric manner

euphuism n
eufuizm
style of writing

euro /ˈjɝoʊ/ /ˈjʊəɹəʊ/ /ˈjʊɹoʊ/ n
euro
currency unit of the European Monetary Union
coin worth 1 euro

euroization n
euroizacja

euroize v
euroizować

europium /jʊəˈɹoʊ.pi.əm/ n
europ
chemical element

eury- prefix
eury-

eurybiont n
eurybiont

eurybiontic adj
eurybiontyczny

euthanasia /juː.θəˈneɪ.zɪ.ə/ /juːθəˈneɪʒə/ n
eutanazja
practice of killing a human being or animal

evacuate /ɪˈvæk.ju.eɪt/ v
ewakuować
to move out of an unsafe location into safety

evacuation /ɪˌvækjuˈeɪʃən/ n
ewakuacja
act of evacuating; leaving a place in an orderly fashion, especially for safety
withdrawal of troops or civils from a town
wypróżnienie
voidance of matter by natural passages of body

evaluate /ɨˈvaljʊeɪt/ /ɪ̈ˈvaljəˌweɪt/ v
obliczyć zwartościować
to compute or determine the value of
oceniać ocenić
to draw conclusions from by examining

evaluation /ɪˌvæljuˈeɪʃən/ n
ewaluacja wartościowanie
substitution of a variable with its value
ocena
assessment
realizacja wykonanie
completion of a mathematic operation

evangelical /iːvænˈd͡ʒɛlɪkəl/ adj
ewangelicki
pertaining to the doctrines or teachings of the Christian gospel or Christianity in general

evangelist /ɪˈvænd͡ʒəlɪst/ n
ewangelista
writer of a gospel

evangelistary n
ewangeliarz
book containing selections from the Gospels

evangelize /ɪˈvænd͡ʒəlaɪz/ v
ewangelizować głosić dobrą nowinę
tell people about Christianity

evaporate /ɪˈvæpəɹeɪt/ v
parować wyparować wyparowywać
(transitive or intransitive) to transition from a liquid state into a gaseous state

evaporation n
odparowanie
process to increase concentration
parowanie
process of liquid converting to the gaseous state

evaporimeter n
atmometr ewaporometr

eve /iːv/ n
wigilia przeddzień
day or night before

even /ˈivn̩/ /ˈivən/ /ˈiːvən/ adj
jednolity jednostajny równomierny
without great variation
parzysty
arithmetic: divisible by two
równy
equal
równy gładki płaski
flat and level

even /ˈivn̩/ /ˈivən/ /ˈiːvən/ adv
jeszcze nawet
emphasising comparative
nawet
implying extreme example

even /ˈivn̩/ /ˈivən/ /ˈiːvən/ n
poranek
Evening of the day

even /ˈivn̩/ /ˈivən/ /ˈiːvən/ v
wyrównać
to make even

even Homer nods proverb
niekiedy i wielki Homer drzemie
no one is immune to error

even a blind squirrel can find a nut once in a while proverb
trafiło się ślepej kurze ziarno
a usually unreliable person can be right sometimes

even as conjunction
nawet gdy
at the very same time as

even function n
funkcja parzysta
unaffected by sign

even if conjunction
nawet jeśli bez względu na (kogoś/coś) niezależnie od (kogoś/czegoś)
irrespective of

even number n
liczba parzysta
positive integer that can be divided by two

even though conjunction
chociaż mimo że wprawdzie
although

evenhanded adj
bezstronny sprawiedliwy
having no partiality

evening /ˈivnɪŋ/ /ˈiːvnɪŋ/ n
wieczór
time of day between the approximate time of midwinter dusk and midnight
time of day between dusk and night
zmierzch
figurative: concluding time period

evening class n
wieczorne zajęcia

evening primrose n
wiesiołek
flowering plant of the genus Oenothera
wiesiołek dwuletni
Oenothera biennis

evening star pn
Gwiazda Wieczorna gwiazda wieczorna
planet Venus seen in the evening

event /əˈvɛnt/ /ɪˈvɛnt/ n
event wydarzenie
prearranged social activity
wydarzenie zdarzenie przypadek impreza
occurrence
zdarzenie wydarzenie
computing: action which triggers an event handler
physics: point in spacetime
probability theory: a set of some of the possible outcomes

event horizon /-zɪn/ /əˈvɛnt həˈɹaɪ.zən/ [-zɪn] [əˈvɛn -] [əˈvɛɾ̃ həˈɹaɪ.zən] n
horyzont zdarzeń
gravitational sphere within which light cannot escape

eventually /ɪ.ˈvɛn.tjʊ.li/ /ɪ.ˈvɛn.t͡ʃu.li/ /ɪ.ˈvɛn.t͡ʃu.ə.li/ /ɪ.ˈvɛn.t͡ʃuː.ə.li/ /ɪ.ˈvɛn.t͡ʃə.li/ /ɪ.ˈvɛn.t͡ʃʊ.li/ adv
w końcu wreszcie
in the end

ever /ˈɛvə/ /ˈɛvɚ/ adv
coraz stale
continuously, constantly, all the time
kiedykolwiek
at any time
zawsze
always

ever since adv
od tego czasu
continuously since a specified time or event

ever since conjunction
odkąd
continuously since

ever since preposition
od
continuously since

evergreen /ˈɛvəɡɹiːn/ /ˈɛvɚɡɹin/ adj
zimozielony
of plants, that do not shed their leaves

evermore /ˌɛvəˈmoə/ /ˌɛvəˈmɔː/ /ˌɛvɚˈmo(ː)ɹ/ /ˌɛvɚˈmɔɹ/ adv
zawsze
always

every /ˈɛv.(ə.)ɹi/ determiner
każdy
all of a countable group

every Jack has his Jill proverb
każda potwora znajdzie amatora każda potwora znajdzie swego amatora każda potwora znajdzie swojego amatora
everybody will eventually find a romantic partner

every cloud has a silver lining proverb
nie ma tego złego, co by na dobre nie wyszło
in every bad situation there is an element of good

every dog has its day proverb
każdy ma w życiu swoje pięć minut
proverb

every last adj
co do jednego

every little helps proverb
wszystko pomaga
even the smallest things are helpful when towards a goal

every man for himself /ˈɛv.(ə.)ɹi mæn fɔː(ɹ) hɪm.ˈsɛlf/ phraseologicalUnit
każdy sobie rzepkę skrobie
forget about comradeship; save yourselves!

every man is the architect of his own fortune proverb
każdy jest kowalem swojego losu
each person is the chief cause of their success or failure

every other adj
pozostały
all except for some previously mentioned set

every second adj
co drugi
every other; each alternate

every time adv
każdokrotnie każdokroć każdorazowo za każdym razem
at each occasion that

every which way adv
w każdy sposób
in all sorts of ways or manners
we wszystkie strony
in every direction

everybody /ˈɛviɹbədi/ /ˈɛvɹiˌbɑdi/ /ˈɛvɹiˌbɒdi/ /ˈɛvɹiˌbʌdi/ /ˈɛɹbʌdi/ pronoun
wszyscy każdy
all people

everyday /ˈɛvɹiˌdeɪ/ adj
codzienny
appropriate for ordinary use, rather than for special occasions

everyone /ˈɛv.ɹi.wʌn/ pronoun
każdy wszelaki wszyscy
every person

everything /ˈɛvɹiθɪŋ/ pronoun
wszystko
all the things

everything happens for a reason proverb
wszystko ma swój powód

everywhere /ɛv.ɹi.(h)weə(ɹ)/ /ɛv.ɹi.(h)wɛɹ/ adv
wszędzie
at all places

evict v
eksmitować
to expel

eviction n
eksmisja ewikcja
the act of evicting

evidence /ˈev.ɪ.dəns/ /ˈɛv.ə.dəns/ /ˈɛv.ɪ.dəns/ [ˈɛv.ə.ɾəns] [ˈɛv.ɪ.ɾəns] n
dowód
facts or observations presented in support of an assertion
dowód dowody
anything admitted by a court as proof

evidence /ˈev.ɪ.dəns/ /ˈɛv.ə.dəns/ /ˈɛv.ɪ.dəns/ [ˈɛv.ə.ɾəns] [ˈɛv.ɪ.ɾəns] v
dowodzić udowadniać udowodnić
to provide evidence

evidenceless adj
bezdowodowy

evident /ˈɛv.ə.dənt/ /ˈɛv.ɪ.dənt/ adj
oczywisty jasny
obviously true

evidently /ˈɛvɪdəntli/ adv
ewidentnie zauważalnie
obviously

evil /ˈivl̩/ /ˈiːvl̩/ /ˈiːvɪl/ adj
zły
intending to harm

evil /ˈivl̩/ /ˈiːvl̩/ /ˈiːvɪl/ n
zło zły
moral badness, wickedness

evil eye /ˌiv(ə)l̩‿ˈaɪ/ /ˌiːvl̩‿ˈaɪ/ /ˌiːvɪl-/ n
złe oko
wicked look conveying dislike or envy believed to be able to cause bad luck or injury; the ability to cause bad luck or injury through such a look

evildoer /ˈivəlˌduːɚ/ /ˈiːvəlˌduːə/ n
złoczyńca
person who performs evil acts

evoke /ɪˈvoʊk/ /ɪˈvəʊk/ v
przywoływać wywoływać
to cause the manifestation of

evolution /ɛvəˈluːʃ(ə)n/ /ɛvəˈlʉːʃən/ /ˌivə-/ /ˌiːvəˈluːʃ(ə)n/ /ˌɛvəˈluʃ(ə)n/ n
ewolucja
biology: change in the genetic composition of a population over time
general: a gradual process of development
military: One of a series of ordered movements
turning movement of the body

evolutionarily stable strategy n
strategia stabilna ewolucyjnie

evolutionary /ˌiː.və.ˈl(j)uː.ʃən.ɹi/ /ˌiː.vəˈluː.ʃən.ɛɹ.i/ /ˌɛv.əˈl(j)uː.ʃən.ɹi/ /ˌɛv.əˈluː.ʃən.ɛɹ.i/ adj
ewolucyjny
of or relating to evolution

evolutionary biology n
biologia ewolucyjna
sub-field of biology

evolutionary developmental biology n
ewolucyjna biologia rozwoju
branch of biology

evolutionary theory n
teoria ewolucji
theory of evolution

evolutionism n
ewolucjonizm
any evolutionary theory or belief system

evolve /ɪˈvɑlv/ /ɪˈvɒlv/ v
ewoluować
change genetic composition

ew /(iː)uː/ [ɪ̃(ː)ʉ̃͡u] [ɯ᷈(ː)] [ʏʊ̯(ː)] interjection
fuj ble
expression of disgust or nausea

ewe /joʊ̯/ /joː/ /juː/ /jʊ̯u/ n
owca
female sheep

ewer /ˈju.ɚ/ /ˈjuː.ə/ /ˈjʊə/ n
dzban
widemouthed pitcher

ex /ˈɛks/ n
iks
name of the letter X, x
była były eks
colloquial: former partner or spouse

ex gratia adv
dobrowolnie

ex libris n
ekslibris księgoznak
bookplate

ex- /ɛks/ /ɛɡz/ /ɪks/ /ɪɡz/ prefix
eks-
former

ex-boyfriend n
były chłopak
a former boyfriend

ex-girlfriend n
była dziewczyna
a former girlfriend

ex-husband n
eksmąż
a former husband

ex-slave n
eks-niewolnik
a former or emancipated slave

exa- prefix
eksa-
SI prefix

exact /ɪɡˈzækt/ adj
dokładny
precisely agreeing
precisely conceived or stated
habitually careful

exactly /ɪɡˈzæk(t)li/ adv
dokładnie precyzyjnie ściśle
in an exact manner

exactly /ɪɡˈzæk(t)li/ interjection
dokładnie no właśnie właśnie
signifying agreement or recognition

exaggerate /ɛɡˈzæ.d͡ʒə.ɹeɪt/ /ɪɡˈzæ.d͡ʒə.ɹeɪt/ v
przesadzać wyolbrzymiać
to overstate, to describe more than is fact

exaggeration /ɪɡˌzæd͡ʒəˈɹeɪʃən/ n
przesada
act of exaggerating

exam paper n
arkusz egzaminacyjny
paper on which questions are written

examination /ɪɡˌzæmɪˈneɪʃən/ n
badanie oględziny
inspection by a doctor
egzamin sprawdzian
formal test

examination of conscience n
rachunek sumienia

example /əɡˈzaːm.pəl/ /əɡˈzæm.pəl/ /ɪɡˈzæm.pəl/ /ɪɡˈzɑːm.pəl/ [ɘɡˈzɐːmpɯ] [ɪɡˈzɛəmpəɫ] n
przykład
something representative of a group
something serving to explain or illustrate a rule
something serving as a pattern of behaviour
parallel or closely similar case
instance as a problem to be solved
person punished as a warning to others

exasperate /ɪɡˈzæsp(ə)ɹeɪt/ /ɪɡˈzɑːspəɹeɪt/ v
wkurzać
frustrate, vex, annoy

exasperation n
egzasperacja irytacja rozdrażnienie
the act of exasperating

excardinate v
ekskardynować

excavation n
wykop
cavity formed by cutting, digging, or scooping
wykopaliska
archaeological excavation
wykopalisko
act of excavating, or of making hollow

excavator /ˈɛkskəˌveɪtə/ /ˈɛkskəˌveɪtɚ/ n
koparka
vehicle

exceed /ɪkˈsiːd/ v
przekraczać przewyższać wykraczać
to be larger, greater than something else or than expected or desirable

exceedingly /ɪkˈsiːdɪŋli/ adv
nadzwyczaj niezmiernie
extremely

excellence /ˈɛksələns/ n
świetność
the quality of being excellent

excellent /ˈɛkslənt/ /ˈɛksələnt/ /ˈɛksɪlənt/ adj
doskonały świetny
of the highest quality

excellently adv
świetnie
very well

except /əkˈsɛpt/ /ɛkˈsɛpt/ /ɪkˈsɛpt/ conjunction
poza tym tyle że
with the exception that

except /əkˈsɛpt/ /ɛkˈsɛpt/ /ɪkˈsɛpt/ preposition
oprócz z wyjątkiem
with the exception of

except /əkˈsɛpt/ /ɛkˈsɛpt/ /ɪkˈsɛpt/ v
wykluczać wykluczyć wyłączać
to exclude

exception /əkˈsɛpʃən/ /ɪkˈsɛpʃən/ n
wyjątek
that which is excepted or taken out from others
computing: an interruption in normal processing
act of excepting or excluding; exclusion

exception that proves the rule n
wyjątek potwierdza regułę
occurrence of counterexample

exceptional /ɪkˈsɛpʃənəl/ adj
wyjątkowy
superior due to exception or rarity
forming an exception

exceptionally adv
wyjątkowo
unusual, remarkable or exceptional degree

exceptionless adj
bezwyjątkowy
without exception

exceptionlessly /əkˈsɛpʃənləsli/ /ɪkˈsɛpʃənləsli/ adv
bezwyjątkowo

exceptionlessness n
bezwyjątkowość

excerpt /ɛkˈsɜ(ɹ)(p)t/ /ɛɡˈzɜ(ɹ)(p)t/ /ˈɛksɜ(ɹ)(p)t/ /ˈɛɡzɜ(ɹ)(p)t/ n
fragment urywek
a clip, snippet, passage or extract from a larger work

excess /əkˈsɛs/ /ɛkˈsɛs/ /ɪk.ˈsɛs/ /ˈɛksɛs/ n
nadmiar
degree by which one thing exceeds another
geometry: spherical excess
nadmiar nadwyżka zbytek
state of surpassing limits
nieumiarkowanie
undue indulgence of the appetite

excessive /ɪkˈsɛsɪv/ adj
nadmierny wygórowany
exceeding the bounds of something

excessively /ɪkˈsɛsɪvli/ adv
nadmiernie przesadnie
to an excessive degree
w nadmiarze
in excess

exchange /ɛksˈt͡ʃeɪnd͡ʒ/ /ɛkˈst͡ʃeɪnd͡ʒ/ [ɛksˈt͡ʃʰeɪnd͡ʒ] [ɛkˈst͡ʃeɪnd͡ʒ] n
giełda
place for conducting trading
wymiana
act of exchanging or trading

exchange /ɛksˈt͡ʃeɪnd͡ʒ/ /ɛkˈst͡ʃeɪnd͡ʒ/ [ɛksˈt͡ʃʰeɪnd͡ʒ] [ɛkˈst͡ʃeɪnd͡ʒ] v
wymieniać zamieniać
To trade or barter
zamieniać wymieniać
To replace with a similar item

exchange of fire n
wymiana ognia

exchange rate n
kurs kurs wymiany
currency rate (finance)

exchangeable adj
wymienny
able to be exchanged

exchangeless adj
bezwymienny

excise tax n
akcyza
any of various taxes levied on the production or sale of certain goods, especially on luxuries, tobacco, alcohol etc.

excitation /ˌɛksaɪˈteɪʃən/ n
wzbudzenie
(physics) change in state as an excited state is formed by the absorption of a quantum of energy

excitement /ɪkˈsaɪtmənt/ n
ekscytacja podekscytowanie
state of being excited

exclaim /ɛkˈskleɪm/ /ɪkˈskleɪm/ v
wołać wykrzykiwać wykrzyknąć zawołać
to cry out

exclamation /ˌɛkskləˈmeɪʃ(ə)n/ n
okrzyk wykrzyk
loud calling or crying out; outcry
wykrzyknik
part of speech

exclamation mark /ˌɛks.kləˈmeɪ.ʃən ˌmɑɹk/ /ˌɛks.kləˈmeɪ.ʃən ˌmɑːk/ n
wykrzyknik
punctuation “!”

exclave /ˈɛkskleɪv/ n
eksklawa
a country's territory not connected to the main part

exclude /ɪksˈkluːd/ v
wykluczyć wykluczać wyłączać wyłączyć
to bar from entering; keep out

excludee n
banita banitka

exclusion /ɪksˈkluːʒən/ n
banicja wykluczenie
act of excluding or shutting out

exclusive /ɪkˈsklu.sɪv/ /ɪkˈsklu.zɪv/ adj
ekskluzywny
of high quality and/or renown
wyłączny ekskluzywny
excluding items or members that do not meet certain conditions

exclusively /ɪkˈskluːsɪvli/ adv
wyłącznie
to the exclusion of anything or anyone else

exclusivity /ˌɛkskluːˈsɪvɪti/ n
wyłączność
the quality of being exclusive

excommunicate /ˌɛkskəˈmjunəkeɪt/ /ˌɛkskəˈmjunəkət/ /ˌɛkskəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/ /ˌɛkskəˈmjuːnɪkət/ v
ekskomunikować potępiać potępić wyklinać wykląć
to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community

excommunication /ɛkskəmjuːnɪˈkeɪʃən/ n
ekskomunika
act of excommunicating, disfellowshipping or ejecting

excrement /ˈɛkskɹəmənt/ n
kał odchody ekskrementy
human and animal solid waste

excrescence /ɛkˈskɹɛsəns/ /ɪkˈskɹɛsəns/ n
narośl
something, usually abnormal, which grows out of something else

excrete /ɛkˈskɹiːt/ /ɪkˈskɹiːt/ v
wydalać wydalić wydzielać wydzielić
to discharge material

excretion n
wydalanie
process of removing from the body

excruciating /ɛkˈskɹuːʃiːeɪtɪŋ/ /ɪkˈskɹuːʃiːeɪtɪŋ/ adj
rozdzierający
Causing great pain or anguish, agonizing

excursion /ɛks.kɜː(ɹ).ʃən/ /ɛks.kɜː(ɹ).ʒən/ n
wycieczka
brief recreational trip

excusable adj
wybaczalny
possible to excuse

excuse /ɛksˈkjus/ /ɛksˈkjuz/ /ɛksˈkjuːs/ /ɛksˈkjuːz/ /ɪksˈkjus/ /ɪksˈkjuz/ /ɪkˈskjuːs/ /ɪkˈskjuːz/ n
wymówka pretekst usprawiedliwienie wykręt
explanation designed to avoid or alleviate guilt or negative judgement

excuse /ɛksˈkjus/ /ɛksˈkjuz/ /ɛksˈkjuːs/ /ɛksˈkjuːz/ /ɪksˈkjus/ /ɪksˈkjuz/ /ɪkˈskjuːs/ /ɪkˈskjuːz/ v
usprawiedliwić
allow to leave
explain with the aim of alleviating guilt or negative judgement
wybaczać przebaczać przebaczyć wybaczyć
forgive, pardon

excuse me /ɛksˈkjuːz mi/ /ɪksˈkjuːz mi/ phraseologicalUnit
proszę
request to repeat
proszę o wybaczenie
indignation
przepraszam
request to pass
request for attention
przepraszam wybacz wybaczcie
sorry, as apology

executable /ˈɛksɪkjuːtəbl/ adj
wykonywalny
capable of being executed

executable /ˈɛksɪkjuːtəbl/ n
plik wykonywalny
file that can be run

execute /ˈɛksɪˌkjuːt/ v
rozpocząć uruchomić zacząć
to start a defined process, without regard to whether it runs to completion or not
stracić stracać
to kill as punishment
uruchomić wykonać wystartować
to start, launch or run software
wykonywać wykonać
to start a defined process and run it to completion

execution /ˌɛk.sɪˈkjuː.ʃən/ /ˌɛɡ.zɪˈkjuː.ʃən/ n
egzekucja
act of putting to death or being put to death as a penalty
carrying into effect of a court judgment, or of a will
egzekucja wykonanie
act of executing or the state of being executed
formal process by which a contract is made valid and put into binding effect
wykonanie
manner or style of a performance etc

executioner /ˌɛksəˈkjuʃənɚ/ /ˌɛksəˈkjuːʃənə/ n
kat oprawca
the person who carries out the execution

executive /ɛɡˈzɛkjʊtɪv/ /ɪɡˈzɛkjətɪv/ /ɪɡˈzɛkjʊtɪv/ adj
wykonawczy
designed for execution

executive /ɛɡˈzɛkjʊtɪv/ /ɪɡˈzɛkjətɪv/ /ɪɡˈzɛkjʊtɪv/ n
egzekutywa władza wykonawcza
branch of government responsible for enforcing laws and judicial decisions

executive branch n
egzekutywa władza wykonawcza
branch of government

executive committee n
komitet wykonawczy
the cabinet of ministers for a city government

executive order n
dekret prezydencki
decree issued on the authority of the executive branch of government

executor /ɪɡˈzɛkjʊtɚ/ /ˈɛɡzɪˌkjuːtɚ/ n
wykonawca testamentu
someone appointed by a testator to administer a will
wykonawca wykonawczyni
one who carries out some task

exegesis /ɛksɪˈdʒiːsɪs/ /ɛksɪˈd͡ʒisɪs/ n
egzegeza
formal written exposition or explanatory essay

exegete /ˈɛksɪdʒiːt/ /ˈɛksɪd͡ʒit/ n
egzegeta
person skilled in exegesis

exegetic adj
egzegetyczny

exemplarily adv
przykładnie
in an exemplary manner

exemplary /ɛɡ-/ /ɪɡˈzɛmpləɹi/ adj
przykładny
of such high quality as to serve as an example
wzorowy
deserving honour, respect and admiration

exemplification n
egzemplifikacja
case in point; example
egzemplifikacja zilustrowanie
act of exemplifying

exemplify /ɛɡˈzɛmplɪfaɪ/ /ɪɡˈzɛmplɪfaɪ/ v
egzemplifikować
to show or illustrate by example

exempt /ɛɡˈzɛm(p)t/ /ɪɡˈzɛmpt/ adj
zwolniony
free from duty or obligation

exemption n
wykluczanie
act of exempting

exercise /ˈɛk.sə.saɪz/ /ˈɛk.sɚ.saɪz/ n
ćwiczenie
any activity designed to develop or hone a skill or ability
physical activity intended to improve strength and fitness

exercise /ˈɛk.sə.saɪz/ /ˈɛk.sɚ.saɪz/ v
skorzystać wykonać wykorzystać
use; put into practice
ćwiczyć
exert for the sake of training
perform physical activity

exercise book n
zeszyt zeszyt ćwiczeń
booklet for students

exert /ɪɡˈzɜːt/ /ɪɡˈzɝt/ v
wytężać wytężyć
to put in vigorous action

exfoliation n
peeling abrazja
the removal of a layer of skin, as in cosmetic preparation

exhalation n
wydech
act or process of exhaling

exhale /ɛksˈheɪl/ v
wydychać
to breathe out

exhaust /ɪɡˈzɑst/ /ɪɡˈzɔst/ /ɪɡˈzɔːst/ v
wyczerpać wyczerpywać
to tire out, to wear out, to cause to be without any energy
to draw or let out wholly; to drain off completely
to use up; to deplete, drain or expend wholly (literally, figuratively)

exhausted /ɪɡˈzɑstɪd/ /ɪɡˈzɔstɪd/ /ɪɡˈzɔːstɪd/ adj
wyczerpany
very tired
drained of resources

exhausting adj
wyczerpujący
Very tiring

exhaustion /ɪɡˈzɔːs.t͡ʃən/ n
wyczerpanie wycieńczenie
supreme tiredness; having exhausted energy

exhaustive /ɛɡˈzɑ.stɪv/ /ɛɡˈzɔː.stɪv/ adj
wyczerpujący
including every possible element

exhaustiveness /ɛɡˈzɑ.stɪv.nəs/ /ɛɡˈzɔː.stɪv.nəs/ n
wyczerpującość
state of being exhaustive

exhibit /ɛɡ-/ /ɪɡˈzɪbɪt/ n
dowód rzeczowy
article as evidence in court
eksponat
something exhibited

exhibit /ɛɡ-/ /ɪɡˈzɪbɪt/ v
pokazać pokazywać
display or show (something) for others to see
wystawiać wystawić
display publicly

exhibition /ɛksɪˈbɪʃən/ n
wystawa
large scale public showing of objects or products

exhibition game n
mecz towarzyski
practice game

exhibitionism n
ekshibicjonizm
practice of displaying one's private bodily parts in public
practice of drawing attention to oneself

exhibitionist adj
ekshibicjonistyczny
compulsively seeking attention

exhibitionist n
ekshibicjonista ekshibicjonistka
someone who exposes their genitalia in public
pozer pozerka
one who attempts by their behaviour to draw attention to themselves

exhibitionistically adv
ekshibicjonistycznie
in a exhibitionistic manner

exhilarate /ɛɡ-/ /ɪɡˈzɪləɹeɪt/ /ɪɡˈzɪləˌɹeɪt/ v
rozweselić
to cheer

exhilarating adj
ekscytujący emocjonujący
refreshingly thrilling

exhort /ɛɡˈzɔɹt/ /ɛɡˈzɔːt/ /ɪɡˈzɔɹt/ /ɪɡˈzɔːt/ v
namawiać zachęcać
to urge

exhumation /ˌɛks.hjuːˈmeɪ.ʃən/ n
ekshumacja
the act of digging up that which has been buried

exhume /ɛks.ˈ(h)juːm/ /ɛkˈ.s(j)um/ /ɪɡ.ˈzjuːm/ /ɪɡˈz(j)um/ v
ekshumować
To dig out of the ground; to take out of a place of burial; to disinter

exile /ɪɡˈzaɪl/ /ˈɛkˌsaɪl/ /ˈɛɡˌzaɪl/ n
wygnanie banicja uchodźstwo zesłanie
the state of being banished from one's home or country
wygnaniec banita banitka wygnanka
someone who is banished from one's home or country

exile /ɪɡˈzaɪl/ /ˈɛkˌsaɪl/ /ˈɛɡˌzaɪl/ v
banitować wygnać
to send into exile

exist /ɛɡˈzɪst/ /ɪɡˈzɪst/ v
istnieć egzystować
to be

existence /ɛɡˈzɪs.təns/ /ɪɡˈzɪs.təns/ n
egzystencja istnienie
state of being, existing, or occurring

existent adj
istniejący
existing; having life or being, current; occurring now

existential /ˌɛk.sɪs.ˈtɛn.ʃəl/ /ˌɛɡ.zɪs.ˈtɛn.ʃəl/ adj
egzystencjalny
of, or relating to existence

existential crisis n
kryzys egzystencjalny
state of panic

existentialism /ˌɛɡzɪˈstɛnʃəlɪzəm/ n
egzystencjalizm
philosophical movement

existing /ɪɡˈzɪstɪŋ/ adj
istniejący
that exists

exit /ˈɛksət/ /ˈɛksɪt/ /ˈɛɡzət/ /ˈɛɡzɪt/ n
wyjście
passage or opening through which one can go from inside a place to the outside
action of going out or going away, or leaving
wyjście wyjazd
way out

exit /ˈɛksət/ /ˈɛksɪt/ /ˈɛɡzət/ /ˈɛɡzɪt/ v
wychodzić wyjść
to go out or go away from a place or situation

exit poll n
exit poll
poll taken of a sample of voters as they leave a voting station

exit strategy n
strategia wyjścia
plan

exo- /ɛksoʊ-/ prefix
egzo-

exobiological adj
astrobiologiczny egzobiologiczny

exobiologist n
astrobiolog egzobiolog
exobiologist

exobiology n
astrobiologia egzobiologia
biology dealing with extraterrestrial lifeforms

exocarp n
egzokarp
outermost layer of the pericarp

exodus /ˈɛksədəs/ /ˈɛɡzədəs/ n
exodus
sudden departure

exogamous adj
egzogamiczny
of or relating to exogamy

exogamy n
egzogamia
marriage

exomoon n
egzoksiężyc
moon of an extrasolar planet

exonerate /ɛɡ-/ /ɪɡˈzɑnəˌɹeɪt/ /ɪɡˈzɒnəɹeɪt/ v
odciążać odciążyć uwolnić
to relieve (someone or something) of a load; to unburden (a load)

exoneration n
rehabilitacja
the act of freeing a person of blame

exonym /ˈɛksənɪm/ /ˈɛɡzənɪm/ n
egzonim
name used by foreigners

exophthalmos n
wytrzeszcz
abnormal protrusion of the eyeball

exoplanet n
egzoplaneta planeta pozasłoneczna
planet outside Earth's solar system

exorcism /ˈɛk.sɔɹˌsɪ.zəm/ /ˈɛk.sɔː.sɪ.zəm/ /ˈɛk.sɚˌsɪ.zəm/ n
egzorcyzm egzorcyzmowanie
ritual driving out of evil spirits

exorcist /ˈɛk.sɔɹˌsɪst/ /ˈɛk.sɔː.sɪst/ /ˈɛk.sɚˌsɪst/ n
egzorcysta
a person who practices exorcism

exoskeleton n
egzoszkielet szkielet zewnętrzny
hard outer structure

exosphere n
egzosfera
the uppermost layer of a planet's atmosphere

exoteric /ˌɛksə(ʊ)ˈtɛɹɪk/ /ˌɛksəˈtɛɹɪk/ adj
egzoteryczny
capable of being fully or readily comprehended by the public

exotic /ɪɡˈzɑtɪk/ /ɪɡˈzɒtɪk/ adj
egzotyczny
foreign, with the connotation of excitingly foreign
non-native to the ecosystem

exotoxin n
egzotoksyna
any toxin secreted by a microorganism into surrounding environment

expanse /ɛkˈspæns/ /ɪkˈspæns/ n
bezkres
A wide stretch, usually of sea, sky

expansion /ɪkˈspænʃən/ n
ekspansja
act of expanding

expansion team n
beniaminek

expansionism /ɛkˈspænʃənɪzəm/ n
ekspansjonizm
tendency to annex territories

expansionist adj
ekspansjonistyczny
relating to expansionism

expansionist n
ekspansjonista
an advocate of expansionism

expatriate /ɛksˈpeɪ.tɹi.eɪt/ /ɛksˈpeɪ.tɹi.ɪt/ /ɛksˈpætɹi.ɪt/ /ɛksˈpætɹɪ.eɪt/ n
ekspat ekspata ekspatka
ekspatriant emigrant
person living outside own country
wygnaniec
person banished from their own country

expatriate /ɛksˈpeɪ.tɹi.eɪt/ /ɛksˈpeɪ.tɹi.ɪt/ /ɛksˈpætɹi.ɪt/ /ɛksˈpætɹɪ.eɪt/ v
wygnać wypędzać
banish
withdraw from one’s country

expect /ɛkˈspɛkt/ /ɪkˈspɛkt/ v
oczekiwać
to consider obligatory
to consider reasonably due
oczekiwać spodziewać się
to look for, look forward to, anticipate

expect the unexpected v
wszystko może się zdarzyć
Not be surprised by the usual events. Anything might happen

expectation /ˌek.spekˈtæɪ.ʃən/ /ˌɛk.spɛkˈteɪ.ʃən/ n
oczekiwanie
that which is expected or looked for
act or state of expecting
wartość oczekiwana
the value of any chance which depends upon some contingent event

expedient /ɪkˈspiːdi.ənt/ adj
celowy
suitable to effect some desired end or the purpose intended
dogodny wygodny
simple, easy, or quick; convenient

expedite /ˈɛk.spəˌdaɪt/ /ˈɛk.spɪˌdaɪt/ v
przyspieszyć
accelerate progress

expedition /ɛkspəˈdɪʃən/ n
ekspedycja wyprawa
An important enterprise, implying a change of place

expel /ɪkˈspɛl/ v
wydalać wydalić wykluczać wykluczyć
to remove from membership
wydalać wydalić wyrzucać wyrzucić
to eject
wyganiać wygnać wygonić wypędzać wypędzić
to deport

expenditure /ɛkˈspɛndɪt͡ʃə/ /ɛkˈspɛndɪt͡ʃɚ/ /ɪkˈspɛndɪt͡ʃə/ /ɪkˈspɛndɪt͡ʃɚ/ n
rozchód
amount expended

expense /ɪkˈspɛns/ n
wydatek ekspens nakład
a spending or consuming; disbursement; expenditure

expensive /ɛkˈspɛnsɪv/ /ɪkˈspɛnsɪv/ adj
drogi
having a high price or cost

expensively adv
drogo
in an expensive manner

experience /ɪkˈspɪə.ɹɪəns/ /ɪkˈspɪɹ.i.əns/ n
doświadczenie
the knowledge thus gathered
activity which one has performed
collection of events and/or activities from which an individual or group may gather knowledge
effect upon the judgment or feelings produced by any event, whether witnessed or participated in

experience /ɪkˈspɪə.ɹɪəns/ /ɪkˈspɪɹ.i.əns/ v
doświadczyć doświadczać
to observe or undergo

experienced /ɪkˈspɪə.ɹɪənst/ /ɪkˈspɪɹ.i.ənst/ adj
doświadczony obyty
having experience

experiment /ɛkˈspɛɹ.ɪ.mənt/ /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/ /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ɪ.mənt/ /ɪkˈspɪɹ.ə.mənt/ n
eksperyment doświadczenie próba
test under controlled conditions

experiment /ɛkˈspɛɹ.ɪ.mənt/ /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/ /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ɪ.mənt/ /ɪkˈspɪɹ.ə.mənt/ v
eksperymentować przeprowadzać doświadczenie
to conduct an experiment

experimental /ɪkspɛɹəˈmɛntəl/ /ɪkˌspɛɹəˈmɛntəl/ adj
doświadczalny eksperymentalny
of or pertaining to an experiment

experimentally adv
eksperymentalnie
in the manner of an experiment

experimenter n
eksperymentatorka eksperymentator
person who experiments

expert /ˈek.spɜːt/ /ˈɛk.spɜːt/ /ˈɛk.spɝt/ n
ekspert specjalista
person with extensive knowledge or ability

expert witness n
biegła biegły
witness with topical expertise

expertise /ˌɛkspəˈtiːz/ /ˌɛkspɚˈtiːs/ /ˌɛkspɚˈtiːz/ n
ekspertyza
advice or opinion of an expert

expiation /ɛkspiˈeɪʃən/ n
ekspiacja
an act of atonement

expiatory adj
pokutniczy
of or pertaining to expiation

expire /ɛkˈspaɪə(ɹ)/ /ɪkˈspaɪə(ɹ)/ v
przeterminować się wygasać wygasnąć
become invalid

expiry date n
data ważności termin ważności
date something expires

explain /ɛkˈspleɪn/ /ɪkˈspleɪn/ v
wyjaśniać wyjaśnić objaśniać objaśnić
report

explanation /ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən/ n
wyjaśnienie objaśnienie
the act or process of explaining

explanatory /ɛkˈsplæn.ə.t(ə)ɹi/ /ɛkˈsplæn.ə.tɔː.ɹi/ /ɪkˈsplæn.ə.t(ə)ɹi/ /ɪkˈsplæn.ə.tɔː.ɹi/ adj
objaśniający wyjaśniający
serving as an explanation

explanatory dictionary n
słownik objaśniający

explicit /ɪkˈsplɪsɪt/ adj
jasny szczegółowy wprost
very specific
wulgarny
containing material that might be deemed offensive

explicitly adv
wyraźnie
in an explicit manner

explode /ɪkˈsploʊd/ /ɪkˈspləʊd/ v
wybuchać wybuchnąć
to explode (intransitive)
wysadzać wysadzić
to destroy with an explosion

exploit /ɪksˈplɔɪt/ /ˈɛksplɔɪt/ n
exploit
computing security
wyczyn
heroic or extraordinary deed

exploit /ɪksˈplɔɪt/ /ˈɛksplɔɪt/ v
wyzyskiwać wykorzystywać
use for one’s advantage

exploitation /ˌɛksplɔɪˈteɪʃn̩/ n
eksploatacja spożytkowanie wykorzystanie wyzysk
act of exploiting

exploiter n
wyzyskiwaczka wyzyskiwacz
one who exploits

exploration /ˌɛkspləˈɹeɪʃən/ n
badanie eksploracja
act of exploring

exploratorily adv
badawczo

exploratoriness n
badawczość

exploratory /ɛkˈsplɒɹ.ə.tə.ɹi/ /ɛkˈsplɒɹ.ə.tɹi/ /ɛkˈsplɔɹ.əˌtɔɹ.i/ /ɪkˈ-/ /ɪkˈsplɔɹ.ə.tə.ɹi/ adj
badawczy

explore /ɪkˈsplo(ː)ɹ/ /ɪkˈsploə/ /ɪkˈsplɔɹ/ /ɪkˈsplɔː/ v
badać zbadać
to examine or investigate something systematically

explorer /ɛkˈsplɔːɹə(ɹ)/ n
odkrywca badaczka odkrywczyni badacz
person who by expedition seeks new information

explosion /ɛkˈsploʊ.ʒən/ /ɪkˈsploʊ.ʒən/ /ɪkˈspləʊ.ʒən/ n
gwałtowny wzrost
sudden increase, expansion, or bursting out
wybuch eksplozja
violent release of energy

explosive /ɛkˈspləʊsɪv/ /ɪkˈspləʊsɪv/ adj
wybuchowy
easily driven to anger
with the capability to, or likely to, explode

explosive /ɛkˈspləʊsɪv/ /ɪkˈspləʊsɪv/ n
materiał wybuchowy
explosive substance

explosive belt n
pas szahida
belt with explosives, worn by suicide bombers

exponent /ɛkˈspəʊnənt/ /ɪkˈkspəʊnənt/ /ˈɛkspoʊnənt/ /ˈɛkspənənt/ n
wykładnik
(in mathematics) the power to which something is raised

exponential /ˌɛk.spoʊ.ˈnɛn.t͡ʃəl/ /ˌɛk.spəʊ.ˈnɛn.tʃəl/ adj
wykładniczy
expressed in terms of a power of e

exponential function n
funkcja eksponencjalna
function in which an independent variable is in the form of an exponent

exponential growth n
wzrost wykładniczy
growth proportional to value

exponentiality n
wykładniczość
condition

exponentially /ɛkspə(ʊ)ˈnɛnʃəli/ adv
wykładniczo
in an exponential manner

exponentiate v
potęgować spotęgować
to use exponentiation

exponentiation /ˌɛk.spoʊ.ˌnɛn.ʃi.ˈeɪ.ʃən/ n
potęgowanie
the process of calculating a power by multiplying together a number of equal factors

export /ɪksˈpo(ː)ɹt/ /ɪksˈpoət/ /ɪksˈpɔɹt/ /ɪksˈpɔːt/ /ˈɛks.po(ː)ɹt/ /ˈɛks.poət/ /ˈɛks.pɔɹt/ /ˈɛks.pɔːt/ n
eksport
something that is exported
eksport wywóz
the act of exporting

export /ɪksˈpo(ː)ɹt/ /ɪksˈpoət/ /ɪksˈpɔɹt/ /ɪksˈpɔːt/ /ˈɛks.po(ː)ɹt/ /ˈɛks.poət/ /ˈɛks.pɔɹt/ /ˈɛks.pɔːt/ v
eksportować wyeksportować
to sell (goods) to a foreign country

exporter n
eksporter
person who or organization that exports

expose /ɛkˈspoʊz/ /ɪkˈspoʊz/ /ɪkˈspəʊz/ v
eksponować naświetlić
to subject photographic film to light
odsłonić ukazać
to reveal, uncover, make visible, bring to light, introduce to

exposed adj
odsłonięty wystawiony
vulnerable, open to elements

exposition /ɛkspəˈzɪʃən/ n
wystawa
action of putting something out to public view

express /ɛk.ˈspɹɛs/ /ɪkˈspɹɛs/ v
wyrażać wyrazić
to convey meaning

express train n
pociąg pospieszny pospieszny
a train making limited stops

expression /ɛkˈspɹɛʃ.ən/ /ɪkˈspɹɛʃ.ən/ n
ekspresja
action of expressing thoughts, ideas, feelings, etc.
wyraz twarzy mina
facial appearance
wyrażenie
(computing) a piece of code in a high-level language that returns a value
mathematics: arrangement of symbols
process of translating a gene into a protein
wyrażenie wyraz zwrot
colloquialism or idiom
wyrażenie zwrot
particular way of phrasing an idea

expressionism n
ekspresjonizm
movement in the arts

expressionist adj
ekspresjonistyczny
of, pertaining to, or in the style of expressionism

expressionist n
ekspresjonista ekspresjonistka
painter who paints in this style

expressionless adj
bezwyrazowy
without expression

expressive /ɪkˈspɹɛsɪv/ adj
ekspresywny wyrazisty
effectively conveying feeling

expressly /ɪkˈspɹɛsli/ adv
wyraźnie
in an expressive or explicit manner

expressway /eks.ˈpɹɛs.weɪ/ n
autostrada
US: divided highway
droga ekspresowa
NZ: high speed road, not built to freeway standards

expropriate v
wywłaszczać wywłaszczyć
to deprive a person of their property

expropriation /ɛksˌpɹoʊpɹiˈeɪʃən/ n
wywłaszczenie
act of expropriating

expulsion /ɪkˈspʌlʃən/ n
wydalenie
the act of expelling or the state of being expelled

exquisite /ɪkˈskwɪzɪt/ /ˈɛkskwɪzɪt/ adj
wyborny wyśmienity
especially fine

extant /ɛkˈstænt/ /ˈɛk.stənt/ adj
istniejący trwający
still in existence

extemporize v
improwizować zaimprowizować
to act, particularly to perform or speak, without prior planning or thought

extended family n
rodzina rozszerzona
family with additional members

extension /ɛkˈstɛnʃən/ /ɪkˈstɛnʃən/ n
rozciągłość
anatomy: that property of a body by which it occupies a portion of space
rozszerzenie
act of extending or the state of being extended
computing: optional software component

extension cord n
przedłużacz
an electrical cord

extensionality n
ekstensjonalność
the principle of distinguishing only by externally observable properties

extensive /ɛksˈtɛn.sɪv/ /ɪkˈstɛn.sɪv/ adj
rozległy
wide

extent /ɪkˈstɛnt/ n
stopień
space, area, volume to which something extends

extenuating circumstance n
okoliczność łagodząca
fact that mitigates a crime

exterior /ɛkˈstɪəɹɪə/ /ɛkˈstɪɹiɚ/ /ɪkˈstɪəɹɪə/ /ɪkˈstɪɹiɚ/ adj
zewnętrzny
relating to the outside parts or surface

extermination n
eksterminacja
the act of exterminating

external /ɛksˈtɜː.nəl/ /ɛksˈtɝ.nəl/ /ɪksˈtɜː.nəl/ /ɪksˈtɝ.nəl/ adj
zewnętrzny
outside of something

externally adv
zewnętrznie
on the surface or the outside

extinct /ɛkˈstɪŋkt/ /ɪkˈstɪŋkt/ adj
martwy
no longer used; obsolete, discontinued
wygasły
no longer erupting
wygasły zagasły
extinguished, no longer alight (of fire, candles etc.)
wymarły
having died out

extinction /ɪkˈstɪŋkʃən/ n
wygaszenie wymarcie wymieranie wytępienie
the action of making or becoming extinct

extinguish /ɪkˈstɪŋ.ɡwɪʃ/ v
stłumić
to destroy or abolish something
ugasić
to obscure or eclipse something
wymazać
(literally) to hunt down (a species) to extinction
zgasić stłumić ugasić
to put out, as in fire; to end burning; to quench

extirpate /ˈɛkstəpeɪt/ /ˈɛkstɚpeɪt/ v
usunąć usuwać
to surgically remove
wykorzeniać wykorzenić wypleniać wyplenić
to pull up by the roots
wypleniać wyplenić
to destroy completely

extol /ɪkˈstoʊl/ /ɪkˈstəʊl/ v
wychwalać
to praise; to make high

extortion /ɪkˈstɔɹʃən/ /ɪkˈstɔːʃən/ n
wymuszenie zdzierstwo
the practice of extorting money or other property

extortionate /ɛkˈstɔɹʃənət/ /ɛkˈstɔːʃənət/ adj
wygórowany
greatly exceeding what is moderate or reasonable

extra /ˈɛkstɹə/ adj
dodatkowy
beyond what is due, usual

extra time n
dogrywka

extra- prefix
ekstra- poza-
outside, beyond

extracellular adj
pozakomórkowy zewnątrzkomórkowy
occurring or found outside of a cell

extract /ɛksˈtɹækt/ /ɪksˈtɹækt/ /ˈɛkstɹækt/ n
ekstrakt wyciąg
solution made by drawing out from a substance
something extracted
wyciąg wyjątek wypis
portion of a document

extract /ɛksˈtɹækt/ /ɪksˈtɹækt/ /ˈɛkstɹækt/ v
ekstrahować wyekstrahować
to withdraw in process
wyciągać wyciągnąć wydobywać wydobyć wyrwać wyrywać
to draw out

extraction /ɪkˈstɹækʃən/ n
pochodzenie
one's origin, lineage or ancestry
usunięcie
removal of a tooth from its socket
wycofanie
military
wydobywanie
act of extracting

extractor hood n
wyciąg
kitchen device

extracurricular /ˌɛkstɹəkəˈɹɪkjʊlə(ɹ)/ adj
pozalekcyjny pozaszkolny
outside of the normal curriculum of an educational establishment

extradite /ˈɛkstɹədaɪt/ v
ekstradować
to remove a person from one jurisdiction to another by legal process

extradition n
ekstradycja
process by which a criminal suspect is handed over to another government

extragalactic adj
ekstragalaktyczny pozagalaktyczny
originating outside of a galaxy

extrajudicial adj
pozasądowy
carried out without legal authority

extralingual adj
pozajęzykowy

extramarital /ˌɛkstɹəˈmæɹɪtəl/ adj
pozamałżeński
taking place outside marriage

extramundane /ɛkstɹəmʌndeɪn/ adj
pozaziemski
beyond mundane

extraordinarily adv
nadzwyczajnie
in an extraordinary manner

extraordinary /ɪks.tɹɑː.ˈɔː.dɪn.nə.ɹiː/ /ɪksˈtɹɔː(ɹ)dɪnəɹi/ /ɪksˈtɹɔː(ɹ)dɪnɹi/ /ˌɛkstɹəˈɔː(ɹ)dɪnəɹi/ /ˌɛkstɹəˈɔː(ɹ)dɪnɹi/ adj
nadzwyczajny niezwykły
not ordinary

extraplanetary adj
pozaplanetarny
originating or located outside of a planet

extrapolation n
ekstrapolacja
calculation of an estimate

extrasensory perception /ˌɛkstɹəˈsɛnsəɹi pəˈsɛpʃən/ n
postrzeganie pozazmysłowe
supposed ability to obtain information without the use of normal sensory channels

extrasolar adj
pozasłoneczny
originating outside the Solar System
pozasłoseczny
originating in a solar system other than ours

extraterrestrial /ˌɛk.stɹə.təˈɹɛs.tɹi.əl/ /ˌɛk.stɹə.tɚˈɛs.tɹi.əl/ adj
pozaziemski
originating from outside of the Earth

extraterrestrial /ˌɛk.stɹə.təˈɹɛs.tɹi.əl/ /ˌɛk.stɹə.tɚˈɛs.tɹi.əl/ n
kosmita kosmitka
being originating from outside of the Earth

extraterritoriality /ˌɛk.stɹəˌtɛ.ɹɪˌtɔ.ɹiˈæl.ɪ.ɾi/ /ˌɛk.stɹəˌtɛ.ɹɪˌtɔː.ɹɪˈæl.ɪ.ti/ n
eksterytorialność
immunity from the local laws of a certain area

extrauterine adj
pozamaciczny
outside the uterus

extravagance /ɪkˈstɹævəɡəns/ n
ekstrawagancja
excessive expenditure

extravagant /ɪkˈstɹævəɡənt/ adj
ekstrawagancki
exceeding the bounds of something

extravaganza /ɪkˌstɹæv.əˈɡæn.zə/ n
fanaberie
event or display of fantastic or chaotic behaviour or conduct

extremal adj
ekstremalny

extreme /ɛkˈstɹiːm/ /ɪkˈstɹim/ /ɪkˈstɹiːm/ adj
ekstremalny
of sports, difficult or dangerous; performed in a hazardous environment
nadzwyczajny
excessive, or far beyond the norm
skrajny
in the greatest or highest degree; intense
of a place, the most remote, farthest or outermost
skrajny drastyczny
drastic, or of great severity

extreme /ɛkˈstɹiːm/ /ɪkˈstɹim/ /ɪkˈstɹiːm/ n
ekstremum ekstrema
each of the things at opposite ends of a range or scale
skrajność
drastic expedient
greatest or utmost point, degree or condition

extreme unction /ɛk.stɹiːm.ʌŋk.ʃən/ n
namaszczenie chorych ostatnie namaszczenie
sacrament

extremely /ɪksˈtɹiːmli/ adv
niezwykle
to an extreme degree

extremism /ɛkˈstɹiː.mɪ.zəm/ /ɪkˈstɹi.mɪ.zəm/ /ɪkˈstɹiː.mɪ.zəm/ n
ekstremizm
extreme ideas or actions

extremist /ɛkˈstɹiːmɪst/ /ɪkˈstɹiːmɪst/ adj
ekstremistyczny
holding extreme views

extremist /ɛkˈstɹiːmɪst/ /ɪkˈstɹiːmɪst/ n
ekstremista ekstremistka
person who holds extreme views

extremophile n
ekstremofil
organism that lives under extreme conditions

extremum /ɪkˈstɹiːməm/ n
ekstremum
mathematics

extricate /ˈɛks.tɹɪ.keɪt/ v
wyswabadzać wyswobadzać wyswobodzić
to free, disengage, loosen or untangle

exult /ɪɡˈzʌlt/ v
nie posiadać się z radości
rejoice

eyas /ˈaɪəs/ n
maiż
hawk

eye /aɪ/ n
oczko oko
of a potato
oko
organ
of a hurricane
ability to notice what others might miss
mark on an animal resembling an eye
ucho oko
hole in needle

eye /aɪ/ v
przypatrywać się
to observe carefully or appraisingly

eye contact n
kontakt wzrokowy
action of looking at another human or animal in the eye

eye examination n
badanie wzroku

eye for an eye n
oko za oko oko za oko, ząb za ząb
compensation for an injury

eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth proverb
oko za oko, ząb za ząb
compensation for an injury

eye of the storm n
oko cyklonu
region of calm weather

eye patch n
opaska na oko przepaska na oko
patch worn to cover one eye

eye shadow n
cień do powiek
makeup around the eyes

eye socket n
oczodół
socket of eye

eye test n
badanie wzroku
test of vision

eye up v
lustrować
To examine

eye-catcher n
bajer szmery bajery wodotrysk
eye-catching thing / person

eyeball n
gałka oczna
ball of the eye

eyeball v
mierzyć na oko
to judge by eye

eyebright n
świetlik
any of the flowering plants of the genus Euphrasia

eyebrow /ˈaɪˌbɹaʊ/ n
brew
hair that grows over the bone ridge above the eye socket

eyebrow pencil n
kredka do brwi ołówek do brwi
makeup used to define or draw on the eyebrows

eyebrowed thrush n
drozd oliwkowy
Turdus obscurus

eyebrowless adj
bezbrewy
Without eyebrows

eyecup n
muszla oczna
camera part

eyelash /ˈaɪlæʃ/ n
rzęsa
hair growing on the edge of an eyelid

eyelash curler n
zalotka
tool

eyeless adj
bezoki
having no eyes

eyelid /ˈaɪ.lɪd/ n
powieka
anatomy: a thin skin membrane that covers and moves over an eye

eyeliner n
kredka do oczu
makeup

eyepiece n
okular
lens or combination of lens

eyesight /ˈaɪˌsaɪt/ n
wzrok widzenie
faculty of sight

eyesore /ˈaɪsɔɹ/ /ˈaɪsɔː/ n
brzydactwo paskudztwo szkarada szkaradzieństwo
a displeasing sight

eyewitness n
naoczny świadek
person who has seen and can testify about an event

eyrie /ˈaɪ.ɹi/ /ˈɛ.ɹi/ /ˈɛə.ɹi/ /ˈɪ.ɹi/ /ˈɪə.ɹi/ n
orle gniazdo
bird of prey's nest

f-word n
słowo na K
euphemism for the equivalent of the word "fuck"

fable /ˈfeɪbəl/ n
bajka
fictitious narration to enforce some useful truth or precept
fiction, untruth, falsehood

fable /ˈfeɪbəl/ v
bajdurzyć
tell of falsely

fabliau n
fabliau
short farcical tale

fabric /ˈfæb.ɹɪk/ n
faktura struktura tekstura
texture of a cloth
struktura
figurative framework underlying a structure
tkanina materiał
material made of fibers

fabric softener n
płyn do zmiękczania tkanin
a chemical agent used to prevent static cling and make fabric softer

fabulist /ˈfæbjəlɪst/ n
bajkopis bajkopisarz bajopis
one who writes or tells fables
blagier blagierka kłamca
a liar

fabulosity n
bajeczność bajkowość baśniowość
quality of being fabulous

fabulous /ˈfæbjʊləs/ adj
bajeczny
of the nature of a fable; unhistorical
bajeczny bajkowy
very good; wonderful

fabulously /ˈfæbjʊləsli/ adv
bajecznie bajkowo baśniowo
in a fabulous manner

fabulousness n
bajeczność bajkowość baśniowość
state or quality of being fictional

facade /fəˈsɑːd/ n
fasada
deceptive outward appearance
face of a building
front
front of anything

facade pattern n
fasada
structural design pattern

face /feɪs/ /feːs/ n
jadaczka japa morda
slang: the mouth
mina wyraz twarzy grymas
facial expression
twarz oblicze lice lico
anatomy: front part of head
twarz wizerunek
public image
ściana
geometry: bounding surface of a polyhedron

face /feɪs/ /feːs/ v
obrócić się (w stronę/do czegoś)
position oneself towards
stawiać czoła stawić czoła
deal with, confront

face cream n
krem do twarzy
cream

face the music v
nawarzyłeś piwa, to musisz je teraz wypić
to accept or confront the unpleasant consequences of one's actions

face to face adv
twarzą w twarz w cztery oczy
in person

face value n
wartość nominalna nominał
the stated value or amount

face-to-face adj
na osobności sam na sam twarzą w twarz w cztery oczy
in another's presence

facebooker n
facebookowicz
Facebook's user

faceless adj
bezlicy
lacking individuality

facelift /ˈfeɪsˌlɪft/ n
lifting
plastic surgery to the face

facemask /ˈfeɪs.mæsk/ /ˈfeɪs.mɑːsk/ n
maska
part of the helmet that covers the face
pociąganie maski
foul of grasping a facemask during play

facepalm /ˈfeɪsˌpɑː(l)m/ v
ukryć twarz w dłoniach
bring the face to the palm of the hand

facet /ˈfæsɪt/ n
faseta
flat surface cut into a gem
fasetka
one member of a compound eye

facial /ˈfeɪ.ʃəl/ n
maseczka
beauty treatment

facial expression n
wyraz twarzy mina
expression or countenance that seems to an onlooker to be represented by the appearance of a person's face

facial hair n
zarost
hair on the face of a human

facilitate /fəˈsɪləteɪt/ /fəˈsɪlɪteɪt/ v
ułatwiać upraszczać torować
to make easy or easier

facilitator n
pomocnik
person who helps a group to have an effective dialog without taking any side of the argument

facsimile /fækˈsɪm.ə.li/ n
faksymile
copy or reproduction

fact /fækt/ n
fakt
an honest observation
an objective consensus on a fundamental reality
something actual
something concrete used as a basis for further interpretation
information about a particular subject
something which has become real

fact-free adj
bez faktów
not containing fact

faction /ˈfæk.ʃn̩/ /ˈfæk.ʃən/ n
frakcja stronnictwo
group of people

factor /ˈfæk.tə/ /ˈfæk.tɚ/ n
czynnik faktor
influence
integral part
czynnik faktor mnożnik
mathematical sense
faktor pełnomocnik
doer, maker

factor of production n
czynnik produkcji
resource used for production

factorial /fækˈtɔːɹi.əl/ n
silnia faktoriał
mathematical operation or its result

factoring n
faktoring
financial transaction

factorizable adj
zdolny do rozkładania na czynniki

factory /ˈfæk.tə.ɹi/ /ˈfæk.tɚ.i/ /ˈfæk.tɹi/ n
fabryka zakład
manufacturing place

factotum /fækˈtoʊ.təm/ /fækˈtəʊ.təm/ n
totumfacka totumfacki
general servant
person having many responsibilities

factual /ˈfæk.(t)ʃ(ʊ)əl/ /ˈfæk.tj(ʊ)əl/ /ˈfæk.tʃ(u)əl/ /ˈfɛk.(t)ʃ(ʉː)əl/ adj
faktyczny
of facts

faculty /ˈfæ.kəl.ti/ n
fakultet wydział
division of a university
zdolność
ability, skill, or power

fad /fæd/ n
moda
phenomenon

fade /feɪd/ v
blaknąć blednąć wyblaknąć zblaknąć zblednąć
to lose freshness, brightness
gasnąć zgasnąć
to vanish
więdnąć zwiędnąć
to grow weak, lose strength

fade away v
przekwitać zanikać
to lose strength

faded /ˈfeɪdɪd/ adj
wyblakły
of colour that has lost its intensity

faff /fæf/ n
bzdura głupota
an overcomplicated task

fag /fæɡ/ n
pedał ciota pedzio homoś
homosexual man

faggot /ˈfæ.ɡət/ n
ciota pedał
annoying person

faggotry /ˈfæɡətɹi/ n
pedalstwo
stereotypical behaviours of a faggot

faience /ˈfaɪ.əns/ n
fajans
type of tin-glazed earthenware ceramic

fail /feɪl/ v
nie udać się
be unsuccessful
przestać działać
cease to operate

fail-safe /ˈfeɪlˌseɪf/ n
bezpiecznik
device or mechanism

failing that adv
inaczej w przeciwnym razie w przeciwnym wypadku

failure /ˈfeɪ.ljə/ /ˈfeɪ.ljɚ/ n
awaria defekt usterka
termination of the ability of an item to perform its required function
brak nieudacznik
object or person incapable of success
porażka niepowodzenie nieudacznictwo
state or condition opposite of success

faint /feɪnt/ v
mdleć omdleć zemdleć
to lose consciousness

faintly /ˈfeɪntli/ adv
lekko słabo
in a faint manner; very quietly or lightly

fair /feː(ə)/ /fɛə/ /fɛɚ/ /fɛː/ /fɪə/ adj
sprawiedliwy
just, equitable

fair /feː(ə)/ /fɛə/ /fɛɚ/ /fɛː/ /fɪə/ n
jarmark kiermasz
market
targi
professional event, trade fair

fair copy n
czystopis
a handwritten document that has been written neatly

fair play n
fair play
good behavior

fair sex n
słaba płeć płeć piękna
women

fair trial n
rzetelny proces sądowy

fair-weather friend /ˈfɛəˌwɛðə ˈfɹɛnd/ /ˈfɛɚˌwɛðɚ ˈfɹɛnd/ /ˈfɛːˌwɛðə ˈfɹɛnd/ n
przyjaciel
one who is friendly, etc., only when it is advantageous or convenient

fairground /ˈfɛə(ɹ)ɡɹaʊnd/ n
jarmark wesołe miasteczko
fair area

fairing /ˈfɛəɹɪŋ/ /ˈfɛɹɪŋ/ n
owiewka
aircraft fairing

fairly /ˈfɛə(ɹ).li/ /ˈfɛɹ.li/ adv
fair
in a fair manner

fairness /ˈfɛəɹ.nəs/ n
sprawiedliwość
property of being just, equitable

fairy /ˈfeːɹi/ /ˈfɛə̯ɹi/ /ˈfɛɹi/ /ˈfɛːɹi/ n
ciota pedzio szwagier teściu
(derogatory slang) effeminate male homosexual
wróżka wiła
mythical being

fairy godmother n
dobra wróżka
benevolent magical female

fairy ring n
czarcie koło
ring of fungi

fairy tale n
bajka baśń
folktale

fairy-tale adj
bajeczny baśniowy
of the nature of a fairy tale; as if from a fairy tale

fait accompli /ˌfeɪt.əˈkɔm.pli/ /ˌfeɪt.əˌkɔmˈpli/ n
fakt dokonany
an accomplished fact

faith /feɪθ/ n
wiara
feeling that something is true
wyznanie wiara
religious belief system

faith will move mountains proverb
wiara czyni cuda wiara góry przenosi
proverb

faithful /ˈfeɪθ.fəl/ adj
wierny
loyal; adhering firmly to person or cause
having faith

faithfully /ˈfeɪθfəli/ adv
wiernie
in a faithful manner

fajr n
fadżr
dawn prayer

fake /feɪ̯k/ adj
fałszywy nieprawdziwy sztuczny
not real
nieszczery
insincere

fake /feɪ̯k/ n
fejk
something which is not genuine, or is presented fraudulently

fakir /fɑˈkiɹ/ /fəˈkiɹ/ /fəˈkɪəɹ/ /ˈfeɪkəɹ/ n
fakir
ascetic mendicant

falafel /fəˈlæfəl/ /fəˈlɑfəl/ /fəˈlɑːfəl/ /fəˈlɒfəl/ n
falafel
single falafel ball

falanouc n
falanruk
Eupleres goudotii

falcate /ˈfælkeɪt/ adj
sierpowaty
shaped like a sickle

falchion /ˈfɑlt͡ʃən/ /ˈfɔlt͡ʃən/ /ˈfɔːlʃən/ n
tasak
sword

falciform /ˈfæl.sɪ.fɔɹm/ /ˈfæl.sɪ.fɔːm/ /ˈfɒl.sɪ.fɔːm/ adj
sierpowaty
sickle-shaped

falcon /ˈfoːlkən/ /ˈfælkən/ /ˈfɑːlkən/ /ˈfɒlkən/ /ˈfɔː(l)kən/ /ˈfɛlkən/ n
sokół
bird of the genus Falco

falconer /ˈfælkənɚ/ /ˈfɒl.kən.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈfɔːk.nə(ɹ)/ n
sokolnik
a person who breeds or trains hawks

falconry n
sokolnictwo
sport of hunting by using trained birds of prey

faldstool n
faldistorium
portable, folding chair used by a bishop

fall /fo(ː)l/ /fɑl/ /fɔl/ /fɔːl/ n
spadanie spadek
act of moving in gas or vacuum under the effect of gravity from a point to a lower point
upadek
loss of greatness or status

fall /fo(ː)l/ /fɑl/ /fɔl/ /fɔːl/ v
padać
come down or descend
paść
prostrate oneself
polegnąć paść
die
spadać spaść
move to a lower position under the effect of gravity

fall apart v
rozpadać rozpaść
disintegrate, break into pieces

fall asleep v
odchodzić odejść
euphemism for "to die"
zasnąć usnąć zasypiać usypiać
to pass into sleep

fall at the last hurdle /ˈfɔl æt ðə ˌlæst ˈhɝd(ə)l/ /ˈfɔːl æt ðə ˌlɑːst ˈhɜːdl̩/ v
ponieść porażkę na końcu ponosić porażkę na końcu
to fail near the end of an activity, etc.

fall behind v
spóźniać się
to be late

fall down v
przewracać się przewrócić się
to fall to the ground

fall from grace v
wypadać z łask wypaść z łask
to fall from one's current social position to something lower

fall ill v
zachorować
become ill

fall in love v
zakochać się
to come to have feelings of love towards each other
zakochać zakochiwać
to come to have feelings of love

fall into place v
układać się ułożyć się
assume a clear and complete form

fall on deaf ears v
trafiać w próżnię trafić w próżnię
of a request, complaint, etc, to be ignored

fall on someone's neck v
obejmować serdecznie objąć serdecznie
to embrace someone affectionately or thankfully

fall out of love v
odkochać odkochiwać
cease to be in love

fall pregnant v
zachodzić w ciążę zajść w ciążę
to become pregnant

fall prey v
padać ofiarą paść ofiarą
to be affected by a bad situation

fall through v
przepadać przepaść

fall victim v
padać ofiarą paść ofiarą
to suffer through no fault of one's own

fallacious /fə.ˈleɪ.ʃəs/ adj
chybiony mylny
characterized by fallacy; false or mistaken

fallacy /ˈfæl.ə.si/ n
błąd logiczny
deceptive or false appearance
sofizmat
false argument

fallback /ˈfɔːl.bæk/ n
plan awaryjny
a backup plan
upadek
an act of falling back

fallen angel n
upadły anioł
angel who was exiled from heaven

fallibilism /ˈfælɪbɪlɪzəm/ n
fallibilizm
doctrine that knowledge is never certain

fallible /ˈfa.lɪ.b(ə)l/ /ˈfæ.lə.bəl/ adj
omylny
capable of making mistakes or being wrong

fallout shelter n
schron przeciwatomowy
building

fallow /ˈfæloʊ/ /ˈfæləʊ/ adj
odłogi odłogowy
of land, left unseeded
płowy
light brown; dun

fallow /ˈfæloʊ/ /ˈfæləʊ/ n
ugór odłóg
ground left unseeded for a year
uncultivated land

fallow /ˈfæloʊ/ /ˈfæləʊ/ v
odłogować ugorować
plough land without sowing seeds

fallow deer /ˈfæl.əʊˌdɪə/ n
daniel
Dama dama, a ruminant mammal

falls /fɑlz/ /fɔlz/ /fɔːlz/ n
wodospad

false /fɑls/ /fɒls/ /fɔls/ /fɔːls/ [fɒʊs] [fɔɫs] adj
fałszywy błędny nieprawdziwy
untrue, not factual, wrong
sztuczny
spurious, artificial

false alarm n
fałszywy alarm
warning sound that turns out to be erroneous

false dawn n
fałszywa nadzieja
promising sign which in fact leads to nothing

false flax n
lnianka lnicznik rydz
Camelina gen. or Camelina sativa (unspecific)

false friend /ˌfɑls ˈfɹɛnd/ /ˌfɒls ˈfɹɛnd/ /ˌfɔls ˈfɹɛnd/ /ˌfɔːls ˈfɹɛnd/ n
fałszywy przyjaciel
type of word

false hellebore n
ciemiężyca
Veratrum
gorzykwiat
Adonis vernalis

false modesty n
fałszywa skromność
behavior that is intended to seem humble but comes across as fake and unflattering

false morel n
piestrzenica
mushroom of the genus Gyromitra

false negative /-ɾɪv/ /ˈfɑls ˈnɛɡətɪv/ /ˈfɒls ˈnɛɡətɪv/ /ˈfɔls ˈnɛɡətɪv/ /ˈfɔːls ˈnɛɡətɪv/ n
wynik fałszywie ujemny
result of a test that shows as absent something that is present

false positive n
fałszywy alarm wynik fałszywie dodatni
result of a test that shows as present something that is absent

false start n
falstart
starting before the signal

falsehood /ˈfɒlsˌhʊd/ n
fałsz
false statement
fałszywość
state of being false

falsely adv
błędnie
in a false manner

falsetto /fɒlˈsɛt.əʊ/ /fɔlˈsɛt.oʊ/ /fɔɫˈsɛɾ.oʊ/ /fɔːlˈsɛt.əʊ/ n
falset fistuła
"false" (singing) voice in any human

falsifiability n
falsyfikacja
quality of being falsifiable

falsification n
falsyfikacja fałszerstwo fałszowanie
the act of making false

falsifier n
fałszerka fałszerz
one that falsifies

falsify /ˈfɒlsɪfaɪ/ v
falsyfikować fałszować podrabiać sfingować
to alter so as to be false
fałszować sfałszować
to counterfeit, forge

fame /feɪm/ n
sława
state of being famous

familial /fəˈmɪljəl/ adj
rodzinny
of or pertaining to a human family

familiar /fəˈmɪl.i.ə/ /fəˈmɪl.i.ɚ/ /fəˈmɪl.jɚ/ /fɚˈmɪl.jɚ/ adj
poufały
inappropriately intimate or friendly
poufały bliski familiarny
intimate or friendly
znajomy
acquainted
znany nieobcy znajomy
known to one

familiar /fəˈmɪl.i.ə/ /fəˈmɪl.i.ɚ/ /fəˈmɪl.jɚ/ /fɚˈmɪl.jɚ/ n
chowaniec
attendant spirit

family /ˈfæm(ə)li/ /ˈfæm(ɪ)li/ /ˈfæmɪli/ /ˈfɛm(ɘ)li/ adj
familijny rodzinny
suitable for children and adults

family /ˈfæm(ə)li/ /ˈfæm(ɪ)li/ /ˈfæmɪli/ /ˈfɛm(ɘ)li/ n
rodzina
immediate family [as a group], e.g. parents and their children
rank in a taxonomic classification, above both genus and species
linguistics: a group of languages believed to have descended from the same ancestral language
music: a group of instruments having the same basic method of tone production
rodzina ród
group of people related by blood, marriage, law, or custom
rodzinny
(used attributively)

family business n
przedsiębiorstwo rodzinne
business whose owners are all members of the same family

family friend n
przyjaciel rodziny

family jewels n
klejnoty klejnoty rodowe
testicles

family law n
prawo rodzinne
area of private law pertaining to family matters and domestic relations

family man n
mąż i ojciec
adult male with a spouse and children to whose well-being he is dedicated

family member n
członek rodziny członkini rodziny
person belonging to a family

family planning n
planowanie rodzina
birth control, especially when carried out by monogamous heterosexual couples

family resemblance n
podobieństwo rodzinne
physical similarity

family reunification n
łączenie rodzin

family tree n
drzewo genealogiczne
family tree

famine /ˈfæmɪn/ n
głód klęska głodu
extreme shortage of food in a region
a period of extreme shortage of food in a region

famished /ˈfæmɪʃt/ adj
wygłodzony zgłodniały
extremely hungry

famous /ˈfeɪməs/ adj
sławny słynny
well known

fan /fæn/ [feən] [fɛən] [fɛːn] n
wachlarz
hand-held device
anything resembling a hand-held fan
wentylator wiatrak
electrical device
kibic fan fanka kibicka miłośniczka miłośnik
admirer

fan /fæn/ [feən] [fɛən] [fɛːn] v
dmuchać wentylować
to blow air on by means of an electric fan
rozdmuchać
move or spread in multiple directions from one point
wachlować
to blow air on by means of a hand-held fan

fan club n
fanklub
organization of fans

fan page n
fan page fanpage
fansite

fanatic /fəˈnæt.ɪk/ adj
fanatyczny
fanatical
nawiedzony opętany
showing evidence of possession by a god or demon

fanatic /fəˈnæt.ɪk/ n
fanatyk fanatyczka
one who is zealously enthusiastic

fanatical /fəˈnætɪkəl/ adj
fanatyczny
having an extreme, irrational zeal or enthusiasm

fanaticism /fəˈnæt.ɪ.sɪ.zəm/ [fəˈnæɾ.ɪ.sɪ.zm̩] n
fanatyzm
characteristic or practice of being a fanatic

fanciful /ˈfænsɪfəl/ adj
dziwaczny
imaginative or unreal

fancy /ˈfæn.si/ adj
bogaty ekstrawagancki nietypowy wyszukany
Of a superior grade
ekstrawagancki fikuśny wydumany wymyślny wyszukany
(colloquial) Unnecessarily complicated

fancy /ˈfæn.si/ n
zachcianka
A whim

fancy /ˈfæn.si/ v
chcieć
would like to

fandom /ˈfændəm/ n
fandom
subculture of fans

fanfare /ˈfænfɛə/ /ˈfænfɛəɹ/ n
fanfara
a flourish of trumpets or horns

fanfuckingtastic adj
zajekurwabisty zajekurwabiście
vulgar: fantastic, great

fang /fæŋ/ n
kieł
canine tooth

fangless adj
bezkłowy

fanny pack /ˈfæni pæk/ n
nerka piterek
small pouch worn at the waist

fanservice n
fanserwis
often racy or sexual material included in fiction merely to excite the viewer

fantasia /-ˈtɑː-/ /fænˈteɪ.zi.ə/ /fænˈteɪ.zɪ.ə/ /fænˈteɪ.ʒə/ /ˌfæn.təˈziː.ə/ n
fantazja
form of instrumental composition with a free structure and improvisational characteristics

fantastic /fænˈtæstɪk/ adj
fantastyczny
existing in or constructed from fantasy
fantastyczny niesamowity
not believable, only possible in fantasy
wonderful, marvelous, excellent, extraordinarily good

fantastical /fænˈtæstɪkəl/ adj
fantastyczny fantasy
pertaining to fantasy

fantasy /ˈfæntəsi/ /ˈfæntəzi/ n
fantasy
literary genre
fantazja wyobraźnia wymysł
that which comes from one's imagination

fanzine /ˈfænˌziːn/ n
fanzin
a magazine, normally produced by amateurs

far /fɑɹ/ /fɑː/ adj
daleki
remote in space

far /fɑɹ/ /fɑː/ adv
daleko daleki

far and wide adv
wzdłuż i wszerz
over a great distance or large area

far away adv
hen

far be it v
daleko od

far from adv
bynajmniej
not at all

far left n
skrajna lewica
most left-wing political or religious grouping

far post n
słupek daleki
goalpost

far right /ˌfɑɹ ˈɹaɪt/ /ˌfɑː ˈɹʌɪt/ n
skrajna prawica
extreme right wing

far-fetched adj
naciągany
not likely

farad /ˈfæɹæd/ /ˈfæɹəd/ n
farad
unit of capacitance

farce /fɑɹs/ /fɑːs/ n
farsa
style of humor
ridiculous or empty show
situation full of ludicrous incidents

farcical /ˈfɑː(ɹ)sɪkəl/ adj
farsowy
absurd

fare /fɛə(ɹ)/ /fɛɚ/ /fɛɹ/ n
pasażer
paying passenger

fare /fɛə(ɹ)/ /fɛɚ/ /fɛɹ/ v
jechać
to travel
miewać się mieć się
to get along

fare dodger n
gapowicz gapowiczka
a person who deliberately avoids payment for public transport

fare-dodging n
jazda na gapę

farewell /fæɹˈwɛl/ /fɑːɹˈwɛl/ /fɛəˈwɛl/ /fɛɚˈwɛl/ adj
pożegnalny
parting, valedictory, final

farewell /fæɹˈwɛl/ /fɑːɹˈwɛl/ /fɛəˈwɛl/ /fɛɚˈwɛl/ n
pożegnanie
an act of departure
a wish of happiness at parting

farewell /fæɹˈwɛl/ /fɑːɹˈwɛl/ /fɛəˈwɛl/ /fɛɚˈwɛl/ v
pożegnać się żegnać się
bid farewell

farfalle /fɑɹˈfɑleɪ/ /fɑːˈfæleɪ/ n
farfalle
type of pasta

farfel n
farfelki

farina /fəˈɹaɪnə/ /fəˈɹiːnə/ n
grysik kasza manna manna
fine flour

farm /fɑːm/ /fɑːɹm/ n
gospodarstwo farma
place where agricultural activities take place

farmer /ˈfɑɹ.mɚ/ /ˈfɑː.mə(ɹ)/ n
rolnik farmer rolniczka farmerka włościanin
person who works the land and/or who keeps livestock

farmhand n
parobek
farm worker

farmless adj
bezrolny

farmlessness n
bezrolność

farmstead n
sadyba
farm including its buildings
main building of a farm

farmyard n
obejście podwórko podwórze wiejskie podwórze

farrier /ˈfæɹi.ə/ /ˈfæɹi.ɚ/ /ˈfɛɹi.ɚ/ n
podkuwacz
person who trims and shoes horses' hooves

farrow /ˈfæɹoʊ/ /ˈfæɹəʊ/ /ˈfɛɹoʊ/ n
miot prosiąt
litter of piglets

farrow /ˈfæɹoʊ/ /ˈfæɹəʊ/ /ˈfɛɹoʊ/ v
prosić się
give birth to (a litter of piglets)

farsightedness n
dalekowzroczność
quality of being considerate about what might happen in the future
nadwzroczność
condition of being unable to focus on near objects

fart /fɑɹt/ /fɑːt/ n
pierdnięcie bąk pierd cichacz
an emission of flatulent gases

fart /fɑɹt/ /fɑːt/ v
pierdzieć nasmrodzić pierdnąć psuć powietrze puszczać bąka puścić bąka
to emit flatulent gases

fart about v
zbijać bąki

fartee n
pierdnąć na kimś pierdzieć na kimś
person who has been farted at or on

fasciated antshrike n
zebrzak
Cymbilaimus lineatus

fascinate /ˈfæsɪneɪt/ v
fascynować zafascynować
to evoke interest or attraction

fascinating /ˈfæsɪˌneɪtɪŋ/ adj
arcyciekawy przeciekawy
having interesting qualities; captivating; attractive

fascinatingly adv
arcyciekawie przeciekawie
in an enthralling way

fascination /fæsɪˈneɪʃən/ n
fascynacja
the state or condition of being fascinated

fascine /fæ-/ /fəˈsin/ /fəˈsiːn/ /fɛˈsiːn/ n
faszyna
cylindrical bundle of small sticks of wood bound together, used for strengthening purposes; (military fortification) similar bundle of sticks of wood or plastic pipes used for filling in ditches for armoured fighting vehicles to drive over, and for making parapets, raising batteries, and strengthening ramparts

fascism /ˈfæʃɪz(ə)m/ n
faszyzm
extreme totalitarian political regime

fascist /ˈfæʃɪst/ adj
faszystowski
of or relating to fascism
supporting the principles of fascism

fascist /ˈfæʃɪst/ n
faszysta faszystka
proponent of fascism

fashion /ˈfæʃən/ n
moda
current (constantly changing) trend, favored for frivolous rather than practical, logical, or intellectual reasons
popular trends
sposób styl
style, or manner, in which to do something

fashion show n
rewia
event at which fashionable clothes are modelled for an audience

fashionable /ˈfæʃənəbl̩/ adj
modny gustowny na topie szykowny
characteristic of or influenced by a current popular trend or style

fashionably late adv
modnie spóźniony

fast /fæst/ /fɑːst/ adj
szybki prędki bystry błyskawiczny chyży
moving or capable of moving with great speed

fast /fæst/ /fɑːst/ adv
szybko prędko bystro
with great speed

fast /fæst/ /fɑːst/ v
pościć
to abstain from food

fast food n
fast food
type of meal that is often pre-prepared and served quickly

fast-moving adj
szybkozbywalny
sold quickly

fasten /ˈfæsn̩/ /ˈfæsən/ /ˈfɑːsn̩/ /ˈfɑːsən/ v
zapinać zapiąć
to attach or connect in a secure manner

faster-than-light adj
nadświetlny ponadświetlny
faster than light is

fastgrowing adj
szybko rosnący

fastidious /fæˈstɪdi.əs/ /fəˈstɪdi.əs/ adj
drobiazgowy skrupulatny
excessively particular
wybredny
difficult to please

fasting /ˈfæstɪŋ/ /ˈfɑːstɪŋ/ n
post
period of time when one abstains from or eats very little food
post poszczenie
act or practice of abstaining from or eating very little food

fat /fæt/ adj
gruby
thick
gruby tłusty
carrying a larger than normal amount of fat on one's body

fat /fæt/ n
tłuszcz
specialized animal tissue
refined substance chemically resembling the oils in animal fat

fat as a house adj
gruby jak beczka

fat client n
gruby klient

fat lot of good n
na nic

fat-free adj
beztłuszczowy bez tłuszczu
not containing fat

fatal /ˈfeɪ.təl/ [ˈfeɪ.ɾɫ̩] adj
fatalny
proceeding from fate

fatalism n
fatalizm
doctrine that all events are subject to fate

fatback n
słonina
layer of fat

fate /feɪt/ n
los przeznaczenie
destiny
los przeznaczenie dola
that which predetermines events

father /ˈfeɪðəɹ/ /ˈfæðə/ /ˈfæðəɹ/ /ˈfɐːðə/ /ˈfɑðɚ/ /ˈfɑːd̪ə(r)/ /ˈfɑːðə(ɹ)/ /ˈfɒːðɚ/ n
ojciec
term of address for a priest
ojciec tata
male parent

father figure n
autorytet
one who represents, behaves as, or is regarded as a father

father of the nation n
ojciec narodu ojciec ojczyzny

father superior n
superior
friar or monk in charge

father-in-law /ˈfɑːðəɹɪnˌlɔː/ n
teść świekier
one's spouse's father

fatherhood /ˈfɑ.ðɚˌhʊd/ /ˈfɑːðəˌhʊd/ n
ojcostwo
being a father

fatherland n
ojczyzna macierz
country of one's ancestry

fatherly /ˈfɑðɚli/ /ˈfɑːðəli/ adj
ojcowski
characteristic of what is considered the ideal behaviour pertaining to fatherhood
characteristic of fathers, paternal

fathom /ˈfað(ə)m/ /ˈfædəm/ /ˈfæðəm/ n
sążeń
measure of six feet

fatigue /fəˈtiːɡ/ n
zmęczenie
weariness
material failure due to cyclic loading

fatigues /fəˈtiːɡz/ n
bojówki
military clothing

fatless /ˈfætləs/ adj
beztłuszczowy
without fat

fatphobia n
fatfobia
fear or dislike towards fat people

fatso /ˈfæ.t͡soʊ/ /ˈfæt.soʊ/ n
grubas spaślak tłuścioch baleron baryła
an overweight person

fatten /ˈfætən/ [ˈfæʔn̩] v
tuczyć utuczyć
to cause to be fatter
utyć tyć
to become fatter

fattening /ˈfæt(ə)nɪŋ/ [ˈfæˀ(ə)nɪŋ] adj
tuczący
that causes weight gain

fattening /ˈfæt(ə)nɪŋ/ [ˈfæˀ(ə)nɪŋ] n
tuczenie
act of making fatter
tycie
act of getting fatter

fatty /ˈfæt.i/ /ˈfæɾ.i/ adj
tłusty
containing fat

fatty /ˈfæt.i/ /ˈfæɾ.i/ n
baleron baryła baryłka beka
fat person

fatty acid n
kwas tłuszczowy kwasy tłuszczowe
acid

fatuous /ˈfæt.ju.əs/ /ˈfæt͡ʃ.u.əs/ adj
głupi niedorzeczny
obnoxiously stupid, vacantly silly, content in one's foolishness

fatwa /ˈfæ.twɑː/ /ˈfæt.wɑ/ /ˈfɑt.wɑ/ n
fatwa
legal opinion, decree or ruling issued by a mufti

faubourg /ˈfəʊbʊəɡ/ n
przedmieście
an outlying part of a city or town

fault /fɑlt/ /fɒlt/ /fɔlt/ /fɔːlt/ [fɒːlt] n
błąd pomyłka
mistake or error
uskok
geology fracture in rock
wada defekt
defect
wina
blame; responsibility for a mistake

faultless adj
bezbłędny bezusterkowy nieskazitelny
without fault

faultlessly adv
bezbłędnie
in a faultless manner

faultlessness n
bezbłędność
absence of faults

faun /fɔːn/ n
faun
a mythical creature

faux pas /fəʊ pɑː/ /fəʊ pɑːz/ n
faux pas

favor /ˈfeɪvə/ /ˈfeɪvɚ/ n
przysługa
kind or helpful deed

favor /ˈfeɪvə/ /ˈfeɪvɚ/ v
faworyzować
to look upon fondly; to prefer

favourable /ˈfeɪv(ə)ɹəbəl/ adj
dogodny
opportune
sprzyjający
useful
szczęśliwy
auspicious

favourite /ˈfeɪv.ɹɪt/ adj
ulubiony
preferred

favourite /ˈfeɪv.ɹɪt/ n
beniaminek pupil ulubienica ulubieniec
person who enjoys special regard or favour
faworyt
contestant or competitor thought most likely to win

favouritism n
faworyzowanie
unfair favouring

fawn /fɔːn/ adj
płowy
pertaining to the colour

fawn /fɔːn/ n
jelonek
young deer
młode
young of an animal
płowy
colour

fawn /fɔːn/ v
schlebiać kadzić nadskakiwać podlizywać się mizdrzyć się płaszczyć się
to seek favour by flattery
łasić się
to exhibit affection
to wag tail

fax /fæks/ n
faks fax telefaks telefax
document transmitted by telephone

fax /fæks/ v
faksować przefaksować
send document

fax machine n
faks
device which scans, transmits, receives and prints faxes

faze /feɪz/ v
zbić z tropu
to frighten or cause hesitation; to daunt, put off; to disconcert, perturb

fealty /ˈfiː.əlti/ /ˈfiːlti/ n
wierność
fidelity to one's lord

fear /fɪə/ /fɪɚ/ /fɪɹ/ n
lęk strach
a phobia; sense of fear induced by something or someone
strach niepokój bojaźń
uncountable: emotion caused by actual or perceived danger or threat

fear /fɪə/ /fɪɚ/ /fɪɹ/ v
bać się
(used with for) to worry about, to feel concern for, to be afraid for
bać lękać
feel fear about (something)

fear of missing out n
strach przed wykluczeniem
form of social anxiety characterized by compulsive concern that one might be missing opportunities

fearful /ˈfɜː(ɹ)fəl/ /ˈfɜː(ɹ)fʊl/ /ˈfɪə(ɹ)fəl/ /ˈfɪə(ɹ)fʊl/ /ˈfɪɹfəl/ /ˈfɪɹfʊl/ adj
strachliwy
tending to fear

fearless /ˈfɪələs/ /ˈfɪɹləs/ adj
nieustraszony
free from fear

fearlessness /ˈfɪəlɪsnɪs/ n
nieustraszoność
quality of being fearless

fearmonger /ˈfɪə(ɹ)ˌmʌŋɡə(ɹ)/ v
siać strach

fearmongering n
sianie strachu
spreading needless fear

fearsome adj
straszny
frightening, especially in appearance

feasibility n
wykonalność
state of being feasible

feasible /ˈfi.zə.bəl/ /ˈfiː.zə.bəl/ [ˈfi.zə.bɫ̩] [ˈfiː.zə.bɫ̩] [ˈfɪi.zə.bɫ̩] adj
osiągalny możliwy wykonalny
that can be done in practice

feast /fiːst/ n
biesiada uczta
large, often ceremonial meal

feast for the eyes n
uczta dla oczu
a visually pleasing sight

feaster n
biesiadniczka biesiadnik

feat /fiːt/ n
osiągnięcie wyczyn
an accomplishment that's relatively rare or difficult

feather /ˈfɛð.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈfɛð.ɚ/ n
pióro
branching, hair-like structure that grows on the bodies of birds

feathered adj
opierzony pierzasty upierzony
covered with feathers

feathergrass n
ostnica
Stipa

featherless adj
bezpióry nieopierzony
having no feathers

featherweight n
waga piórkowa
weight division

feathery /ˈfɛ.ðəɹ.i/ adj
pierzasty
covered with feathers
resembling feathers

feature /ˈfi.t͡ʃɚ/ /ˈfiː.t͡ʃə(ɹ)/ n
cecha właściwość
important or main item
funkcja możliwość
computing: beneficial capability of a piece of software

feature film n
film pełnometrażowy
film shown in cinemas before being released for home viewing

feature-length adj
długometrażowy

featurette n
film średniometrażowy
a relatively short feature film

fecal /ˈfiːkəl/ adj
fekalny kałowy
of or relating to feces

fecal matter n
fekalia
feces

feces /ˈfiːsiːz/ n
kał odchody

fed up adj
mieć dość przejadać się przejeść się
frustrated

federal /ˈfɛdəɹəl/ /ˈfɛdɹəl/ adj
federalny
pertaining to the national government level
związkowy federalny
pertaining to a league or treaty; derived from an agreement or covenant between parties, especially between nations

federal government n
rząd federalny
general term for a federal government

federal state n
kraj związkowy
non-sovereign state that is part of a federation
państwo federalne
sovereign state that is a federation

federalization n
federalizacja
unification of states

federation /ˌfɛdəˈɹeɪʃn̩/ n
federacja
array of nations or states

fedora /fəˈdɔɹə/ /fɪˈdɔːɹə/ n
borsalino fedora
a felt hat

fee /fiː/ n
opłata honorarium
monetary payment charged for professional services

fee tail n
ordynacja
estate in land in common law wherein the land is inherited

feed /ˈfiːd/ n
aktualności kanał
encapsulated online content
pasza
food given to (especially herbivorous) animals

feed /ˈfiːd/ v
karmić żywić nakarmić
to give food to eat

feed pump n
dzwonić po straż pożarną!
pump for supplying a steam engine's boiler with water

feedback /ˈfiːdˌbæk/ n
feedback informacja zwrotna opinia zwrotna uwaga
critical assessment of process or activity
sprzężenie zwrotne
signal that is looped back to control a system within itself

feeding tube n
sonda

feedstock n
surowiec
raw material constituting the principal input for an industrial process

feel /fiːl/ [fiːɫ] v
czuć czuć się
intransitive: to experience an emotion or other mental state
czuć odczuć poczuć
transitive: to sense by touch
czuć poczuć
transitive: to experience an emotion or other mental state about
mieć uczucie uważać
transitive: to think or believe

feel up v
macać obmacać obmacywać pomacać
grope in a sexual manner

feeler /ˈfiːlə/ /ˈfiːləɹ/ n
czułek
an antenna or appendage used to feel, as on an insect

feeler gauge n
szczelinomierz
set of thin strips for measuring

feeling /ˈfilɪŋ/ /ˈfiːlɪŋ/ n
uczucia uczucie
in plural: emotional state or well-being
uczucie
emotion
sensation

feelingless adj
bezuczuciowy

feelinglessness n
bezuczuciowość

feet of clay n
na glinianych nogach
a hidden weak point

feet on the ground n
stąpać twardo po ziemi
translations for "have one's feet on the ground"

feign /feɪn/ v
udawać pozorować grać kreować się odgrywać rolę pozować
to make a false show

feldscher n
felczer felczerka
Russia, one with informal medical training

feldspar n
skaleń
any of a large group of rock-forming minerals

feline /ˈfiːlaɪn/ adj
koci
of or pertaining to cats

fell /fɛl/ v
zabić
to strike down, kill, destroy

fellah /ˈfɛlə/ n
fellach
peasant, farmer or agricultural laborer

fellate /fəˈleɪt/ /ˈfɛleɪt/ v
chapać dzidę ciągnąć druta dmuchać w puzon obciągać obrabiać ojebać
to perform oral sex on a man

fellatio /fəˈleɪ.ʃi.oʊ/ /fəˈleɪ.ʃi.əʊ/ n
fellatio
oral stimulation of the penis

fellator n
osoba która ssie seksualnie
a person who performs fellatio

fellatrix /fəˈleɪtɹɪks/ n
kobieta która ssie seksualnie
a woman who performs fellatio

felloe /ˈfɛloʊ/ /ˈfɛləʊ/ n
dzwono
The outer rim of a wheel

fellow /ˈfɛloʊ/ /ˈfɛlə/ /ˈfɛləʊ/ n
gość
(informal) male person; used as a familiar term of address to a man
kamrat
companion; comrade

fellow citizen n
współobywatel współobywatelka
citizen of one's country or city

fellow man n
bliźni
kindred member of humanity

fellow traveller n
sympatyczka sympatyk
one who sympathizes without belonging
współpasażer współpasażerka
one who travels together with another

fellowship /ˈfɛloʊʃɪp/ /ˈfɛləʃɪp/ /ˈfɛləʊʃɪp/ n
asysta asystencja
Company of people that shares the same interest or aim

felon /ˈfɛlən/ n
przestępca przestępczyni kryminalista kryminalistka zbrodniarka zbrodniarz
person who has committed a felony; one who has been tried and convicted of such a crime

felony /ˈfɛ.lə.ni/ n
zbrodnia ciężkie przestępstwo
a serious criminal offense

felt /fɛlt/ n
filc
cloth made of matted fibres of wool

felt-tip pen n
flamaster mazak pisak
pen that holds ink conveyed to a writing surface by a felt nib

felwort n
niebielistka trwała
Swertia perennis

female /ˈfiː.meɪl/ adj
żeński
belonging to the sex that typically produces eggs, or the gender typically associated with it
having an internal socket

female /ˈfiː.meɪl/ n
samica
animal of feminine sex
samica kobieta
one of the feminine sex or gender

female circumcision n
klitoridektomia obrzezanie kobiet
operation involving removal of any of various parts of the female external genital organs

female condom n
femidom
device used as a barrier contraceptive

female ejaculation n
ejakulacja u kobiet
forceful expulsion of fluids from the vagina

female genital mutilation n
wyrzezanie
the complete amputation or partial cutting of the external female genitalia

femboy /ˈfɛmbɔɪ/ n
kobiecy chłopak
male with feminine aesthetics

femicide /ˈfɛmɪsaɪd/ n
kobietobójstwo
killing of women

feminazi /ˌfɛmɪˈnɑːtsi/ adj
feminazistka feminazista
relating to a radical or militant feminist

feminazi /ˌfɛmɪˈnɑːtsi/ n
feminazistka feminazista
intolerant radical feminist

feminazism n
feminazizm
feminazism

feminine /ˈfɛmənɪn/ /ˈfɛmɪnɪn/ adj
kobiecy
having the qualities associated with women
żeński
of the feminine grammatical gender distinction
of the female sex
belonging to females

feminine /ˈfɛmənɪn/ /ˈfɛmɪnɪn/ n
rodzaj żeński żeński
(grammar)

femininely adv
kobieco po kobiecemu
in a feminine manner

femininity /fɛmɪˈnɪnɪti/ n
kobiecość żeńskość
femininity

feminism /ˈfɛmɪnɪz(ə)m/ n
feminizm
the social theory or political movement

feminist /ˈfɛmənɪst/ adj
feministyczny
relating to or in accordance with feminism

feminist /ˈfɛmənɪst/ n
feminista feministka
member of a feminist political movement
feministka feminista
advocate of feminism; person who believes in bringing about the equality of men and women

feministically adv
feministycznie
in a feministic way

feminization /ˌfɛmɪnɪˈzeɪʃən/ n
feminizacja ukobiecenie
act of feminizing, or the state of being feminized

feminize /ˈfɛmɪnaɪz/ v
feminizować sfeminizować ukobiecać ukobiecić
to make (more) feminine
sfeminizować ukobiecić
to become (more) feminine

femme fatale /fɛm fəˈtæl/ /fɛm fəˈtɑːl/ n
femme fatale kobieta fatalna
seductive and dangerous woman

femoral artery n
tętnica udowa

femto- prefix
femto-
prefix

fen /fɛn/ n
torfowisko niskie
type of wetland
fen
unit of Chinese currency

fence /fɛns/ [fɛns] [fɛnts] n
paser
someone who hides or buys and sells stolen goods
płot ogrodzenie
barrier

fence /fɛns/ [fɛns] [fɛnts] v
ogradzać ogrodzić
to enclose by building a fence
walczyć na szable walczyć na szpady
to engage in (the sport) fencing

fence off v
odgradzać odgrodzić
enclose an area within a fence

fencer /ˈfɛnsə/ /ˈfɛnsəɹ/ [ˈfɛnsɚ] n
szermierz szermierka
a participant in the sport of fencing

fencing /ˈfɛnsɪŋ/ n
szermierka
sport

fencing wire n
drut ogrodzenia

fend for oneself v
poradzić sobie radzić sobie
to take care of oneself without help

fender /ˈfɛnd.ə(ɹ)/ n
błotnik
panel of a car
shield on a bicycle
odbijacz
nautical term

fender-bender n
stłuczka
minor car accident

fennec /ˈfɛnɪk/ n
fenek
fox

fennel /ˈfɛnəl/ n
fenkuł fenkuł włoski koper włoski
Foeniculum vulgare, the plant
koper włoski
bulb, leaves, or stalks eaten as a vegetable
spice used in cooking

fentanyl citrate n
cytrynian fentanyl

fenugreek /ˈfɛnjəˌɡɹiːk/ /ˈfɛnjʊˌɡɹiːk/ n
kozieradka
plant and vegetable
spice

feral /ˈfɛɹəl/ /ˈfɪəɹəl/ adj
dziki zdziczały
wild, untamed, especially of domesticated animals having returned to the wild

feral cat n
dachowiec zdziczały kot
domesticated cat returned to the wild

fermata /fɜːɹˈmɑːtə/ /fɜːˈmɑːtə/ n
fermata
holding a note beyond its usual duration or the notation representing it

ferment /fəˈmɛnt/ /fɚˈmɛnt/ /ˈfɚ.mɛnt/ /ˈfɜː.mɛnt/ v
fermentować kisić sfermentować skisić ukisić zakisić
to react using fermentation

fermentation /ˌfɜː(ɹ)mənˈteɪʃən/ /ˌfɜː(ɹ)mɛnˈteɪʃən/ n
fermentacja
anaerobic biochemical reaction

fermion /ˈfɜːmɪɒn/ n
fermion
particle with totally antisymmetric composite quantum states

fermionic adj
fermionowy
of, pertaining to, or characteristic of fermions

fermium /ˈfɜːɹmiəm/ n
ferm
chemical element

fern /fɘːn/ /fɜːn/ /fɝn/ [fɜːn] n
paproć
plant

ferocious /fəˈɹəʊʃəs/ adj
okrutny bestialski brutalny
Marked by extreme and violent energy

ferociously adv
bestialsko brutalnie okrutnie
in a ferocious manner

ferraiolo n
peleryna

ferret /ˈfɛɹɪt/ n
fretka
the mammal Mustela putorius furo

ferrimagnetism n
ferrimagnetyzm
a form of antiferromagnetism

ferrite /ˈfɛɹaɪt/ n
ferryt
allotrope of iron

ferro- prefix
ferro-

ferroconcrete /ˌfɛɹoʊˈkɑnkɹit/ n
żelbet
building material

ferroelectric adj
ferroelektryczny
physical effect

ferroelectric n
ferroelektryk

ferrofluid n
ferrofluid
a fluid containing dispersed magnetic particles

ferromagnetic adj
ferromagnetyczny
exhibiting ferromagnetism

ferromagnetism n
ferromagnetyzm
the phenomenon whereby certain substances can become permanent magnets

ferrous /ˈfɛɹəs/ adj
żelazawy
chemistry
żelazny
of or containing iron

ferruginous adj
żelazisty
containing iron

ferruginous hawk n
myszołów królewski
Buteo regalis

ferrule /-ɹuːl/ /ˈfɛɹ(ə)l/ /ˈfɛɹəl/ n
okucie
band or cap placed around a shaft to reinforce it or to prevent splitting

ferry /ˈfeɹi/ /ˈfɛɹi/ /ˈfɛɹɪ/ n
prom
boat

fertile /ˈfɜːtaɪl/ /ˈfɜːtəl/ /ˈfɝːtaɪl/ /ˈfɝːtəl/ adj
bujny żyzny
of one’s imagination, etc.: active, productive, prolific
płodny żyzny
capable of reproducing
żyzny
of land, etc.: capable of growing abundant crops

fertility /fɝˈtɪləti/ n
płodność
the condition, or the degree of being fertile

fertility rate n
dzietność
indicator of population growth

fertilize /ˈfɜː(ɹ)tɪlaɪz/ v
nawozić użyźniać nawieźć użyźnić
to make fertile by adding nutrients

fertilizer /ˈfɜːtəlaɪzə/ /ˈfɜːɹtəlaɪzəɹ/ n
nawóz
a natural substance that is used to make the ground more suitable for growing plants
a chemical compound created to have the same effect.

fertilizin n
fertylizyna

fescue /ˈfɛskjuː/ n
kostrzewa
grass

fess /fɛs/ n
pas
band

fester /ˈfɛstə(ɹ)/ /ˈfɛstɚ/ v
zaognić się
become septic or rotten

festival /ˈfɛstəv(ə)l/ /ˈfɛstɪvl̩/ n
festiwal święto
event or community gathering

festive /ˈfɛstɪv/ adj
biesiadny
having the atmosphere, decoration, or attitude of a festival, holiday, or celebration

festively adv
biesiadnie
in a festive manner

festoon /fɛsˈtuːn/ n
feston
architecture: bas-relief, painting, or structural motif resembling a festoon

feta /ˈfɛtə/ n
feta
a variety of curd cheese

fetch /fɑt͡ʃ/ /fɛt͡ʃ/ n
aport
the act of fetching

fetch /fɑt͡ʃ/ /fɛt͡ʃ/ v
aportować zaaportować
to retrieve; to bear towards; to go and get

fetid /ˈfɛtɪd/ adj
cuchnący
foul-smelling

fetish /ˈfiː.tɪʃ/ /ˈfɛt.ɪʃ/ n
fetysz
something believed to possess spiritual or magical powers
something nonsexual which arouses sexual desire
irrational or abnormal fixation

fetishism n
fetyszyzm
paraphilia where the object of attraction is an inanimate object or a part of a person's body

fetlock n
staw pęciny
joint of the horse's leg

fetoscopy n
fetoskopia
an endoscopic procedure

fetter /ˈfet.ə/ /ˈfɛt.ə/ /ˈfɛt.ɚ/ n
kajdany okowy pęta pęto
object used to bind a person or animal by its legs

fetus /ˈfiːtəs/ n
płód
an unborn or unhatched vertebrate showing signs of the mature animal

feud /fjuːd/ n
waśń wróżda
A state of long-standing mutual hostility

feudal /ˈfjudəl/ /ˈfjuːdl̩/ [ˈfju.ɾɫ̩] [ˈfjuː.dɫ̩] adj
feudalny
of, or relating to feudalism

feudalism /ˈfju.də.lɪ.zəm/ [ˈfju.də.lɪ.zm̩] n
feudalizm
social system

feudalization n
feudalizacja
feudal system

feuilleton /fə.jə.ˈtoʊn/ /ˈfɔɪ.ɪ.tən/ /ˈfʊɪˌtɒn/ /ˌfəɪˈtɑn/ n
felieton
article that appears in a feuilleton

feuilletonist n
felietonista
a writer of feuilletons

fever /ˈfivɚ/ /ˈfiːvə/ n
gorączka
usually in combination: any of various diseases
gorączka podniecenie
state of excitement (of a person or people)
gorączka temperatura
higher than normal body temperature

fever dream n
sen spowodowany gorączką
an intense or confusing dream, often caused by fever

feverless adj
bezgorączkowy
without fever

feverlessly adv
bezgorączkowo

few /fju/ /fjuː/ [fjʉː] [fjʉ͡u] determiner
kilka parę
small number
mało niewiele
indefinite, usually small number

few and far between adj
rzadki
rare and scarce

few sandwiches short of a picnic phraseologicalUnit
nie mieć wszystkich w domu
Not sane

fewer /ˈfjuː.ɚ/ determiner
mniej
comparative of few; a smaller number

fez /fɛz/ n
fez tarbusz
type of hat

fiancé /fiɑnˈseɪ/ /fiˈɑnseɪ/ /fiˈɑːnseɪ/ /fiˈɒnseɪ/ /fiˈɒ̃seɪ/ /ˌfiɑnˈseɪ/ n
narzeczony
man who is engaged to be married

fiancée /fiɑnˈseɪ/ /fiˈɑnseɪ/ /fiˈɑːnseɪ/ /fiˈɒnseɪ/ /fiˈɒ̃seɪ/ /ˌfiɑnˈseɪ/ n
narzeczona
woman who is engaged to be married

fiasco /fiˈæs.kəʊ/ n
fiasko klęska poruta
ludicrous or humiliating situation

fiat /ˈfaɪæt/ /ˈfiːæt/ /ˈfiːɑt/ /ˈfiːət/ n
zarządzenie
An authoritative command or order to do something; an effectual decree

fiat money n
pieniądz fiducjarny
money that is given a legal value

fiberless adj
bezwłóknisty

fibre /ˈfaɪ.bə(ɹ)/ n
włókno
single elongated piece of material

fibro n
azbestocement
fibro-cement

fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva n
postępujące kostniejące zapalenie mięśni
disease in which fibrous tissue becomes ossified when damaged

fibroma n
włókniak
benign tumour of fibrous connective tissue

fibrous /ˈfaɪbɹəs/ adj
błonnikowy włóknisty żylasty
of or pertaining to fibre

fichu /ˈfi-/ /ˈfiː-/ /ˈfɪʃ(j)uː/ n
fichu
woman's lightweight triangular scarf

fiction /ˈfɪk.ʃən/ n
beletrystyka
literary type
fikcja
invention

fictional /ˈfɪkʃənəl/ adj
fikcyjny zmyślony
invented, as opposed to real

fictitious /fɪkˈtɪʃəs/ adj
fikcyjny zmyślony
invented

fictive /ˈfɪktɪv/ adj
fikcyjny
fictional, fanciful or invented

ficus /ˈfaɪkəs/ n
figa figowiec fikus
plant of the genus Ficus

fiddler /ˈfɪdlə(ɹ)/ /ˈfɪdələ(ɹ)/ n
skrzypek
one who plays the fiddle

fideicommissum n
fideikomis
benefit

fideism /ˈfaɪ.di.ɪz.əm/ /ˈfi.deɪ.ɪz.əm/ n
fideizm
doctrine

fideist n
fideista
subscriber to fideism

fidelity /faɪˈdɛl.ɪ.ti/ /fɪˈdɛl.ɪ.ti/ n
wierność
accuracy, or exact correspondence to some given quality or fact
loyalty, especially to one's spouse
the degree to which an electronic system accurately reproduces a given sound or image

fidget /ˈfɪd͡ʒ.ɪt/ n
wiercipięta
a person who fidgets

fidget spinner n
fidget spinner
stress-relieving toy

fiduciary /fə.ˈduːʃ.i.eɹ.i/ /fɪ.ˈdjuːʃ.i.əɹ.i/ adj
fiducjarny powierniczy
related to trusts and trustees

field /fild/ /fiːld/ n
boisko pole
sports: area reserved for playing a game
ciało
mathematics (algebra): a commutative ring satisfying the field axioms
dziedzina pole
course of study or domain of knowledge or practice
pole
land area free of woodland, cities, and towns; open country
physics: region affected by a particular force
computing: area of memory or storage reserved for a particular value
place where a battle is fought
heraldry: background of the shield
geology: region containing a particular mineral
pole pastwisko
wide, open space used to grow crops or to hold farm animals

field hockey n
hokej na trawie
form of hockey

field hospital n
szpital polowy
medical unit

field kitchen n
kuchnia polowa
mobile kitchen

field maple n
klon polny paklon
Acer campestre

field marshal n
feldmarszałek marszałek polny
highest military rank after the commander in chief

field mouse n
mysz polna myszarka
Apodemus

field of honor n
pobojowisko

field of view n
pole widzenia
angular extent of what can be seen

field of vision /ˈfild ɘv ˈvɪʒ(ə)n/ /ˈfiːld ɘv ˈvɪʒ(ə)n/ n
pole widzenia
area that a person, etc., can see without turning the head

field trip n
zielona szkoła
educational trip

field vole n
nornik bury
field vole

fieldfare /ˈfiːldfɛə/ n
kwiczoł
Turdus pilaris

fiend /fiːnd/ /fɛnd/ n
czart demon diabeł
demon

fierce /fɜː(ɹ)s/ /fɪəs/ /fɪɹs/ adj
zawzięty
extremely violent, severe, ferocious or savage

fiercely /fɪəsli/ /fɪɹsli/ adv
gwałtownie ostro zawzięcie
in a fierce manner

fiery /ˈfaɪəɹi/ /ˈfaɪɹi/ adj
ogniowy ognisty
of, or relating to fire
ognisty
having the colour of fire

fifteen /fɪfˈtiːn/ /ˈfɪf.tiːn/ numeral
piętnaście piętnaścioro
cardinal number

fifteenth /ˌfɪfˈtiːnθ/ adj
piętnasty
ordinal form of number fifteen

fifth /fɪft/ /fɪfθ/ /fɪθ/ adj
piąty
Ordinal form of the number 5

fifth column n
piąta kolumna
a group of people which clandestinely undermines a larger group, such as a nation, to which it is expected to be loyal

fifth wheel /-ˈwil/ /-ˈwiːl/ /ˌfɪfθ ˈʍil/ /ˌfɪfθ ˈʍiːl/ n
piąte koło u wozu
anything superfluous or unnecessary

fifthly adv
po piąte
in the fifth place

fifties /ˈfɪftiz/ n
lata 50. lata pięćdziesiąte
The decade of the 1850s, 1950s, etc.

fiftieth /ˈfɪf.ti.əθ/ adj
pięćdziesiąty
the ordinal form of the number fifty

fifty /ˈfɪfti/ numeral
pięćdziesiąt
cardinal number

fifty-eight numeral
pięćdziesiąt osiem
cardinal number

fifty-fifty adv
fifty-fifty po połowie pół na pół
in half

fifty-five numeral
pięćdziesiąt pięć
cardinal number

fifty-four numeral
pięćdziesiąt cztery
cardinal number

fifty-nine numeral
pięćdziesiąt dziewięć
cardinal number

fifty-one /ˌfɪfti wʌn/ numeral
pięćdziesiąt jeden
cardinal number

fifty-seven numeral
pięćdziesiąt siedem
cardinal number

fifty-six numeral
pięćdziesiąt sześć
cardinal number

fifty-three numeral
pięćdziesiąt trzy
cardinal number

fifty-two numeral
pięćdziesiąt dwa
cardinal number

fiftysomething n
pięćdziesięciolatek pięćdziesięciolatka

fig /fɪɡ/ n
figa
fruit
figa figowiec fikus
tree or shrub

fig leaf n
listek figowy
anything intended to conceal something undesirable
leaf covering genitals in a work of art

fight /faɪt/ [fʌɪt] n
bitwa bój batalia
battle
bitwa bój bójka
occasion of fighting
bitwa starcie
physical confrontation
bitwa walka
conflict of will, strife
bojowość
will or ability to fight
walka
martial arts match

fight /faɪt/ [fʌɪt] v
walczyć
to counteract
(transitive) to contend in physical conflict against
walczyć bić
(intransitive) to contend in physical conflict

fight back /faɪt bæk/ [fʌɪt bæk] v
kontratakować
to counterattack; to resist an attack

fight for one's life v
walczyć ze śmiercią
to be in danger of dying

fight to the death n
walka na śmierć
A fight in which there is only one winner, the survivor

fighter /ˈfaɪ.tə(ɹ)/ /ˈfaɪtɚ/ [ˈfaɪ̯ɾɚ] n
bojownik wojownik
person who fights
myśliwiec
aircraft type
żołnierz
warrior

fighter plane n
myśliwiec samolot myśliwski
military aircraft

fighting /ˈfaɪtɪŋ/ adj
bijący się walczący wojujący
engaged in a fight

fighting game n
bijatyka
video game genre

figment of one's imagination n
fantazja imaginacja
product of the imagination

figura etymologica n
figura etymologica
a multiword figure of speech in which two or more different words are etymologically related

figurative /ˈfɪɡəɹətɪv/ adj
przenośny
metaphorical; not literal

figuratively adv
przenośnie w przenośni
in a figurative manner

figure /ˈfɪɡjɚ/ /ˈfɪɡə/ /ˈfɪɡɚ/ n
cyfra
numeral
figura sylwetka
human figure; shape of human body
kształt
shape
osoba postać
a person, representing a certain consciousness
rysunek
drawing

figure /ˈfɪɡjɚ/ /ˈfɪɡə/ /ˈfɪɡɚ/ v
zrozumieć
to come to understand

figure skate n
łyżwa figurowa
an ice skate used for figure skating

figure skating n
łyżwiarstwo figurowe
sport where people perform spins, jumps and other moves on skates

figurehead /ˈfɪɡjəɹˌhɛd/ /ˈfɪɡəɹˌhɛd/ n
figurant
someone in a nominal position of leadership
galion aflaston
carved figure on the prow of a sailing ship

figurine /fɪɡ(j)əˈɹin/ /fɪɡəˈɹin/ n
statuetka
a small carved or molded figure

filament /ˈfɪləmənt/ n
żarnik
wire in an incandescent light bulb

file /faɪl/ [faɪ̯(ə)ɫ] n
plik
computing, aggregation of data
computing, primary menu item
plik kartoteka katalog
collection of papers
kolumna
chess: vertical line of squares
pilnik
cutting or smoothing tool

file /faɪl/ [faɪ̯(ə)ɫ] v
opiłować opiłowywać
smooth with a file

file extension n
rozszerzenie
string of characters

file system n
system plików

filename /ˈfaɪ.əl.neɪm/ n
nazwa pliku
name assigned to a file

filial /ˈfi.li.əl/ /ˈfɪl.i.əl/ /ˈfɪl.jəl/ adj
córczyny synowski
pertaining to a son or daughter

filicide /ˈfɪ.lɪ.sʌɪd/ n
dzieciobójca dzieciobójczyni
person who kills his or her own child
dzieciobójstwo
killing of one's own child

filiform adj
nitkowaty
resembling thread

filigree /ˈfɪl.ɪ.ɡɹiː/ n
filigran
a delicate and intricate ornamentation made from gold or silver twisted wire

filing /faɪ.lɪŋ/ n
archiwizacja
act of storing documents in an archive; archiving
opiłek
particle that has been removed by a file or similar implement; a shaving

filing cabinet n
kartoteka segregator
piece of office furniture

fill /fɪl/ [fɪɫ] v
napełniać zapełniać napełnić zapełnić
occupy fully, take up all of
wypełniać napełniać napełnić wypełnić
add contents to, so it is full

fill out /fɪl ˈaʊt/ v
wypełniać wypełnić
to complete a form
zaokraglić
to have one's physique expand

filler /ˈfɪlə(ɹ)/ /ˈfɪlɚ/ n
substancja pomocnicza
a relatively inert ingredient added to modify physical characteristics
wypełniacz zapchajdziura
something added to fill a space

fillet /fɪˈleɪ/ /ˈfɪl.ɪt/ v
filetować odfiletować wyfiletować
to make into fillets

filling /ˈfɪlɪŋ/ [ˈfɪɫɪŋ] adj
syty
of food, that satisfies the appetite by filling the stomach

filling /ˈfɪlɪŋ/ [ˈfɪɫɪŋ] n
farsz nadzienie
contents of a pie, etc.
plomba
in dentistry
wypełnienie
anything used to fill something

fillip /ˈfɪlɪp/ n
prztyczek
action of holding the tip of a finger against the thumb and then releasing it with a snap

filly /ˈfɪli/ n
klaczka
young female horse

film /fɪlm/ [fɪɫm] [ˈfɪlm̩] [ˈfɪləm] n
film klisza
photographic film
warstwa
thin layer

film /fɪlm/ [fɪɫm] [ˈfɪlm̩] [ˈfɪləm] v
filmować sfilmować
to record a motion picture

film director n
reżyser reżyserka
a person who directs and supervises the production of a movie, especially as profession

filmmaker n
filmowiec
producer or director of films / movies

filmmaking n
produkcja filmowa
the production of movies

filmography n
filmografia
filmography

filter /ˈfɪltə/ /ˈfɪltɚ/ n
filtr
device for separating impurities from a fluid or other substance
any device or procedure that acts to separate or isolate
electronics or software to separate unwanted signal
collection of subsets

filter /ˈfɪltə/ /ˈfɪltɚ/ v
filtrować
to sort, sift, or isolate
napływać powoli sączyć się
to come or go a few at a time
przenikać przeniknąć sączyć się
to pass through a filter or to act as though passing through a filter
rozpraszać rozproszyć
to diffuse

filter bubble n
bańka filtrująca bańka informacyjna

filter out v
odfiltrować odfiltrowywać
To selectively remove part of something

filth /fɪlθ/ n
brud
dirt

filthy /ˈfɪlθi/ adj
brudny
covered with filth; very dirty
sprośny
obscene or offensive

filthy rich adj
obrzydliwie bogaty
very rich

filtration /fɪlˈtɹeɪʃən/ n
filtracja
filtering

fin /fɪn/ n
płetwa
appendage of a fish
appendage of a cetacean or other marine animal

finagle /fɪˈneɪ.ɡəl/ v
kombinować
(transitive) to obtain or achieve by indirect and usually deceitful methods

final /ˈfaɪn(ə)l/ /ˈfaɪnl̩/ [-nəɫ] adj
końcowy
linguistics: occurring at the end of a word
końcowy ostatni
last; ultimate

final /ˈfaɪn(ə)l/ /ˈfaɪnl̩/ [-nəɫ] n
finał
sports: last round in a contest

final nail in the coffin n
ostatni gwóźdź do trumny
something responsible for a prospective demise

final obstruent devoicing n
ubezdźwięcznienie końcowych obstruentów
language feature

final solution n
ostateczne rozwiązanie
planned and attempted mass murder of the European Jews

finale /fɪˈnæli/ /fɪˈnɑli/ /fɪˈnɑːli/ n
finał
grand end of something, especially a show or a piece of music

finalisation n
finalizacja
act of finalising

finally /ˈfaɪ.nə.li/ /ˈfaɪn.li/ adv
na koniec
ultimately
nareszcie wreszcie w końcu
lastly

finance /faɪˈnæns/ /fɪˈnæns/ /ˈfaɪnæns/ n
finanse
management of money and other assets

finance /faɪˈnæns/ /fɪˈnæns/ /ˈfaɪnæns/ v
finansować sfinansować
to obtain or provide funding for a transaction or undertaking

financial /faɪˈnænʃəl/ /fɪˈnænʃəl/ adj
finansowy
related to finances

financial accounting n
rachunkowość finansowa

financial asset n
aktywa finansowe

financial institution n
instytucja finansowa
institution

financial market n
rynek finansowy
market where financial securities and commodities are bought and sold

financially adv
finansowo
in terms of finance or money

finch /fɪnt͡ʃ/ n
zięba ziarnojad
any bird of the family Fringillidae

find /faɪnd/ n
znalezisko
anything found

find /faɪnd/ v
znajdować znaleźć
encounter, locate, discover

find out v
dowiadywać się dowiedzieć się informować się poinformować się
to discover

finder's fee n
opłata za pośrednictwo
payment for facilitation of business transaction
znaleźne
reward for returning lost item

finders, keepers proverb
znalezione, nie kradzione
whoever finds something is allowed to keep it

finding /ˈfaɪndɪŋ/ n
odkrycie znalezisko
result of research or an investigation

fine /faɪn/ /fæːn/ adj
fajny
good-looking, attractive

fine /faɪn/ n
grzywna mandat
payment for breaking the law

fine arts n
sztuki piękne plastyka
purely aesthetic arts

fine feathers make fine birds proverb
jak cię widzą, tak cię piszą
fine feathers make fine birds

fine line n
cienka linia

fine print n
drobny druk
details printed in small type

fine-grained adj
drobnoziarnisty
consisting of fine particles

fineness n
próba
ratio in a precious metal

finesse /fə-/ /fɨ-/ /fɪˈnɛs/ n
finezja
skill in handling or manipulation of a situation
finezja przebiegłość
property of having elegance, grace, refinement, or skill
impas
(card games) technique to win a trick

finger /ˈfɪŋəɹ/ /ˈfɪŋɡə/ /ˈfɪŋɡɚ/ n
palec
(anatomy) extremity of the hand

finger on the pulse n
ręka na pulsie
an active interest

fingerboard n
podstrunnica podstrunnik
part of musical instrument

fingering n
aplikatura palcowanie
playing a musical instrument
palcówka
sexual act

fingerless adj
bezpalcowy
having no fingers

fingernail /ˈfɪŋɡɚˌneɪl/ n
paznokieć
covering near the tip of finger

fingerprint /ˈfɪŋɡɚˌpɹɪnt/ n
odcisk palca
the pattern of ridges on the tips of the fingers
unique identification for public key in asymmetric cryptosystem
the patterns left on surfaces where fingertips have touched

fingertip /ˈfɪŋɡɚˌtɪp/ n
opuszka
the end of the finger

finial /ˈfaɪ-/ /ˈfɪn.i.əl/ n
kwiaton
any decorative fitting on the corner, end, or top of an object

finical /ˈfɪnɪkəl/ adj
drobiazgowy skrupulatny wybredny
finicky, fastidious, overly precise or delicate

finish /ˈfɪnɪʃ/ n
apretura
the result of any process changing the physical or chemical properties of cloth
koniec
end

finish /ˈfɪnɪʃ/ v
apreturować
to apply a final treatment to
dokonać dokonywać kończyć skończyć
to complete
skończyć
to come to an end

finish line n
meta
line marking end of a race

finish off v
wykańczać wykończyć
to finish completely

finished product n
produkt finalny
final version of a product

finishing school n
prywatna wychowawcza szkoła dla dziewczyn
a private school intended to furnish young women with the social skills and cultural education needed in order to fulfill successfully a woman's traditional role in polite society

finishing touch n
szlif wykończenie
final addition, change, or embellishment

finite /ˈfaɪ.naɪt/ /ˈfɑɪ.nɑɪt/ adj
skończony ograniczony
having an end or limit

finite-dimensional adj
skończeniewymiarowy
having a basis consisting of a finite number of elements

finity n
skończoności
state or characteristic of being limited

fipronil n
fipronil
insecticide

fir /fɜː(ɹ)/ /fɝ/ /fɪɹ/ n
jodła
conifer of the genus Abies

fire /ˈfaɪ.ə/ /ˈfaɪ.əɹ/ [faɪ̯ə] [fʌɪ̯ɚ] [ˈfaə] [ˈfaɪ̯ɚ] [ˈfaː] [ˈfäːɚ] [ˈfɑe̯ə] [ˈfɑə] [ˈfɑəː] n
ogień
elements to start a fire
ogień pożar
alchemy: one of the basic elements
oxidation reaction
in-flight bullets
ogień żar
instance of this chemical reaction
piec ogień
heater or stove used in place of real fire
pożar ogień
damaging occurrence of fire

fire /ˈfaɪ.ə/ /ˈfaɪ.əɹ/ [faɪ̯ə] [fʌɪ̯ɚ] [ˈfaə] [ˈfaɪ̯ɚ] [ˈfaː] [ˈfäːɚ] [ˈfɑe̯ə] [ˈfɑə] [ˈfɑəː] v
strzelić bić strzelać
transitive: to shoot
zwolnić zwalniać wylać wylewać
to terminate the employment of

fire at will phraseologicalUnit
strzelajcie bez rozkazu
military command

fire blight n
zaraza ogniowa
bacterial plant disease

fire brigade /ˈfaɪə(ɹ)bɹɪˌɡeɪd/ n
straż pożarna
organization for preventing and putting out fires

fire department n
straż pożarna
fire department

fire drill n
łuk ogniowy
rod which is rotated on a flat surface

fire engine /faɪə(ɹ).ɛn.dʒɪn/ /faɪɚ.ɛn.dʒɪn/ n
samochód pożarniczy wóz strażacki
fire truck

fire escape n
droga ewakuacyjna
emergency escape route
wyjście ewakuacyjne wyjście pożarowe
emergency doors, ladders etc. as a class

fire exit n
wyjście pożarowe
Emergency exit in case of fire

fire extinguisher /ˈfaɪəɹ ɪkˌstɪŋ.ɡwɪʃ.ə(ɹ)/ n
gaśnica
device for putting out a fire

fire hose n
wąż pożarowy
hose designed to deliver water to douse a fire

fire hydrant n
hydrant
a device used by firefighters to obtain water from the main

fire in the belly n
entuzjazm gorliwość zapał
ardor, drive

fire on all cylinders v
działać na pełnych obrotach

fire salamander n
salamandra plamista
Salamandra salamandra

fire ship n
brander
wooden ship

fire station n
remiza straż pożarna
building for firefighters

fire-bellied toad n
kumak
any toad of the genus Bombina

firearm n
broń palna giwera
personal weapon

fireball /ˈfaɪ.ə(ɹ)ˌbɔːl/ n
bolid
a meteor bright enough to cast shadows

firebird n
żar-ptak
a magical and prophetic glowing or burning bird (Slavic mythology)

firebrand /ˈfaɪə.bɹænd/ /ˈfaɪɚ.bɹænd/ n
głownia pochodnia żagiew
torch or other burning stick
podżegacz podżegaczka
argumentative troublemaker or revolutionary

firebug n
kowalik tramwajarz
Pyrrhocoris apterus

firecracker /ˈfaɪə(ɹ)ˌkɹækə(ɹ)/ n
petarda
a firework

firecrest n
zniczek
passerine bird

firefight v
wymiana ognia

firefighter /ˈfaɪ.ɚˌfaɪ.tɚ/ /ˈfaɪə(ɹ)ˌfaɪ.tə(ɹ)/ n
strażak strażaczka
person who puts out fires

firefly n
świetlik
Lampyridae

firelighter n
podpałka
small block of flammable substance, used to light fires

fireplace /ˈfaɪəpleɪs/ /ˈfaɪɹpleɪs/ n
kominek
open hearth

firepower n
siła ognia
ability to deliver fire
capacity of a weapon

fireproof adj
niepalny ognioodporny ogniotrwały przeciwogniowy żaroodporny

firethorn n
ognik
Pyracantha plant

firewall /ˈfaɪ(ə)ɹˌwɑl/ /ˈfaɪ(ə)ɹˌwɔl/ /ˈfaɪ.əˌwɔːl/ /ˈfaɪə.wɔəl/ n
zapora sieciowa
computer software
ściana ogniowa
fireproof barrier

firewood /ˈfa.ə(ɹ).wʊd/ /ˈfaɪ.ə(ɹ).wʊd/ /ˈfaɪ.ɚ.wʊd/ /ˈfaː(ɹ).wʊd/ /ˈfɑ.ə(ɹ).wʊd/ /ˈfɑ.əː(ɹ).wʊd/ /ˈfɑe.ə(ɹ).wʊd/ [ˈfaɪ.ɚ.wʊd] [ˈfäː.ɚ.wʊd] n
drwa drewno na opał
wood intended to be burned, typically for heat

firework /ˈfaɪɚˌwɚk/ n
fajerwerk
exploding device

fireworks /ˈfaɪ̯.ə.wɜːks/ /ˈfaɪ̯.ɚ.wɝks/ n
fajerwerk sztuczne ognie
plural of firework
sztuczne ognie
event or display of fireworks

firing line n
linia ognia
front line from which soldiers fire

firing squad n
pluton egzekucyjny
a group of soldiers detailed to execute someone or to discharge weapons ceremonially

firm /fɜɹm/ /fɜːm/ [fɝm] adj
twardy
solid, rigid (material state)

firm /fɜɹm/ /fɜːm/ [fɝm] n
firma
business partnership
business enterprise, however organized

firm /fɜɹm/ /fɜːm/ [fɝm] v
umacniać się umocnić się
to become firm

firmament /ˈfɜːməm(ə)nt/ /ˈfɝməmənt/ n
firmament
vault of the heavens

firmly /fɜːmli/ /fɝmli/ adv
mocno
securely
pewnie stanowczo twardo
in a firm or definite or strong manner

firmware n
oprogramowanie układowe oprogramowanie sprzętowe
firmware

first /fɜːst/ /fɝst/ /fɪrst/ /fʌrst/ adj
pierwszy
numeral first

first /fɜːst/ /fɝst/ /fɪrst/ /fʌrst/ adv
najpierw na początku na wstępie najprzód najsampierw naprzód
before anything else

first /fɜːst/ /fɝst/ /fɪrst/ /fʌrst/ n
pierwszy
person or thing in the first position

first aid n
pierwsza pomoc
basic care

first aid kit n
apteczka
collection of first aid supplies

first cause n
pierwsza przyczyna

first class adj
pierwsza klasa
relating to the most luxurious class of accommodation
pierwszorzędny
belonging to the best group in a system of classification

first come, first served phraseologicalUnit
kto pierwszy, ten lepszy
people will be dealt with in the order they arrive

first floor n
pierwsze piętro
floor above the ground floor

first fruits n
pierwsze żniwa
the first part of a harvest

first love n
pierwsza miłość
one's first feeling of romantic love

first of all adv
najpierw po pierwsze przede wszystkim
before anything else

first person n
pierwsza osoba
the form of a pronoun verb used when the subject of a sentence is making the statement

first quarter n
pierwsza kwadra
waxing lunar phase

first things first phraseologicalUnit
po pierwsze
let's deal with matters of highest priority first

first time /fɜːst taɪm/ /fɝst taɪm/ n
pierwszy raz
first instance of sexual intercourse

first-aid box n
apteczka
box containing first aid and medical supplies

first-degree murder n
morderstwo pierwszego stopnia
premeditated or especially serious murder

first-person shooter n
strzelanka pierwszoosobowa
game

firstborn /ˈfɜː(ɹ)st.ˌbɔː(ɹ)n/ [ˈfɜːst.ˌbɔːn] [ˈfɝst.ˌbɔɚ̯n] adj
pierworodny
born as the first one in a family

firstborn /ˈfɜː(ɹ)st.ˌbɔː(ɹ)n/ [ˈfɜːst.ˌbɔːn] [ˈfɝst.ˌbɔɚ̯n] n
pierworodny
the first child in a family

firstfruit n
pierwocina
offering of the first of a harvest

firstly /ˈfɜɹstli/ adv
po pierwsze na początku na wstępie najpierw najprzód najsampierw
in the first place

fish /fɘʃ/ /fɪʃ/ n
ryba
vertebrate animal
flesh of fish as food
collective plural of fish
łowienie ryb
period of time spent fishing

fish /fɘʃ/ /fɪʃ/ v
wędkować łowić ryby
intransitive: to try to catch fish

fish and chips n
fish and chips
a meal of fried fish and potatoes

fish finger n
paluszek paluszek rybny
stick of processed fish

fish in troubled waters v
łowić ryby w mętnej wodzie
to take advantage from a chaotic situation

fish oil n
tran
dietary supplement

fish trap n
więcierz
contraption to catch fish

fish-filled adj
rybny

fish-knife n
nóż do ryb
table knife for eating fish

fishbone n
ość
bone of a fish

fisher /ˈfɪʃə/ /ˈfɪʃɚ/ n
rybak
person who fishes
kuna wodna
marten

fisherman /ˈfɪʃəmən/ /ˈfɪʃɚmən/ n
rybak
person catching fish

fisherwoman /ˈfɪʃəˌwʊmən/ n
rybaczka
woman catching fish

fishery /ˈfɪʃəɹi/ n
rybołówstwo
fishing

fisheye lens n
rybie oko
wide-angle lens with extremely wide field of view

fishhook /ˈfɪʃˌhʊk/ n
haczyk haczyk wędkarski
barbed hook for fishing

fishing /ˈfɪʃɪŋ/ n
rybołówstwo
business of catching fish
wędkarstwo
act or sport of catching fish

fishing boat n
barkas
boat used for fishing

fishing cat n
kotek cętkowany taraj
Prionailurus viverrinus

fishing ground n
łowisko
area of water used for fishing

fishing line n
żyłka
chord or line where the hook or lure is attached

fishing net n
siatka rybacka
net used for fishing

fishing rod n
wędka
rod used for angling

fishkeeping n
akwariarstwo akwarystyka

fishless adj
bezrybny

fishlessness n
bezrybie

fishlike adj
rybi
like a fish

fishmonger /ˈfɪʃˌmʌŋɡ.ə(ɹ)/ n
sprzedawca ryb
person who sells fish

fishmonger's n
sklep rybny
shop that sells fish

fishpond n
rybnik staw rybny
freshwater pond stocked with fish

fishwife n
przekupka
a vulgar, abusive or nagging woman with a loud, unpleasant voice

fishy /ˈfɪʃi/ adj
podejrzany śmierdzący
suspicious; inspiring doubt
rybi
of, from, or similar to fish

fishy /ˈfɪʃi/ n
rybka
little fish

fissile /ˈfɪsˌaɪ.əl/ /ˈfɪsˌəl/ adj
rozszczepialny
capable of sustaining a nuclear fission chain reaction
łupliwy
easily split along a grain

fission /ˈfɪʃən/ /ˈfɪʒən/ n
podział
process by which a bacterium splits into two
rozszczepienie
process whereby one item splits to become two

fission /ˈfɪʃən/ /ˈfɪʒən/ v
rozszczepić
to cause to undergo fission
rozszczepić się
to undergo fission

fissiparous /fɪˈsɪpəɹəs/ adj
kruchy
factious, tending to break into pieces

fist /fɪst/ n
pięść
clenched hand

fist /fɪst/ v
piąstkować
to strike with the fist

fist bump n
żółwik
fist bump

fistball n
fistball
Sport

fistful /ˈfɪstfʊl/ n
garść
the amount that can be held in a closed fist

fistula /ˈfɪs.tjə.lə/ /ˈfɪs.tʃʊ.lə/ /ˈfɪs.t͡ʃu.lə/ n
fistuła przetoka
abnormal connection or passageway between organs or vessels

fit /fɪt/ v
pasować
to conform to in size and shape

fit like a glove v
pasować w sam raz
to be a perfect fit, to be exactly the right size

fit out v
wyposażyć wyposażać
to provide a thing, a group, a person or oneself with requisites

fitful /ˈfɪtf(ə)l/ /ˈfɪtf(ʊ)l/ adj
niespokojny
characterized by sudden bursts of activity with periods of inactivity in between

fitness /ˈfɪtnəs/ n
fitness
cultivation of an attractive and healthy physique

fitted carpet n
wykładzina

fitted sheet n
prześcieradło z gumką
sheet with elastic edges

fitting /fɪtɪŋ/ n
przymiarka
the act of trying on clothes to inspect or adjust the fit

five /faɪv/ /fäːv/ n
piąta
five o'clock
piątak piątka
banknote
piątka
anything measuring five units
piątka pięć
digit
pięciolatek pięciolatka
five years old
pięciominutówka
five-minute rest

five /faɪv/ /fäːv/ numeral
piątka
describing set or group with five components
pięć pięcioro
cardinal number

five hundred /ˈfaɪv ˈhʌn.dɹəd/ /ˈfaɪv ˈhʌn.dɹɪd/ numeral
pięćset
cardinal number 500

five o'clock n
piąta
the start of the sixth hour

five senses n
pięć zmysłów
sight, hearing, smell, taste, and touch

five thousand numeral
pięć tysięcy
5000

five will get you ten phraseologicalUnit
założę się
I strongly believe

five-eighths n
pięć ósmych
the numerical value 5/8

fivesome n
piątka pięcioro
group of five

fix /ˈfɪks/ n
dylemat
a difficult situation or dilemma
naprawa
an instance of fixing

fix /ˈfɪks/ v
kastrować sterylizować
to render an animal infertile
naprawić naprawiać
to mend or repair
przygotowywać
to prepare
przymocować mocować zamocować
to attach; to affix; to hold in place
utrwalać utrwalić
to render (a photographic impression) permanent

fix someone's wagon v
zadać bobu
punish

fixation /fɪksˈeɪʃən/ n
fiksacja
state of mind involving obsession

fixed asset n
aktywa trwałe majątek trwały
finance: an organization's fixed assets

fixed cost n
koszt stały
cost that does not vary

fixed point adj
stałoprzecinkowy
in computing

fixed-term contract n
umowa na czas określony
contract which is valid only for a pre-arranged length of time

fixedly /ˈfɪks(t)li/ /ˈfɪksɪdli/ adv
niezmiennie
in a fixed manner

fixer n
naprawiacz
someone who fixes
utrwalacz
chemical used in photographic development
załatwiacz
a person who serves as an agent to arrange for a desired result, perhaps by improper means

fizzle /ˈfɪzəl/ v
spalić na panewce
to decay or die off to nothing

fizzy water n
woda gazowana sodówka woda sodowa
carbonated water

fjord /fiˈɔɹd/ /fiˈɔːd/ /fjɔɹd/ /fjɔːd/ /ˈfiːɔːd/ n
fiord
long, narrow, deep inlet

flabellum /fləˈbɛləm/ n
wachlarz
fan-shaped structure
large fan

flacon /ˈflækɒn/ /ˈflɑːkɒn/ n
flakon
small bottle

fladry n
fladry
a string of flags

flag /fleɪɡ/ /flæɡ/ n
flaga
true-or-false variable
computer science: notation for optional behaviour
flaga sztandar bandera
piece of cloth or often its representation

flag /fleɪɡ/ /flæɡ/ v
karać
sports: to penalize for an infraction
przegrać z powodu czasu przegrywać z powodu czasu
chess: to lose on time
wygrać z powodu czasu wygrywać z powodu czasu
chess: to defeat on time
zwieść flagą zwodzić flagą
to decoy by waving a flag, handkerchief, etc.

flag of convenience n
tania bandera wygodna bandera
flag of a chosen country of registration

flagellant n
biczownik flagelant
one who practices self-flagellation

flagellum /fləˈd͡ʒɛləm/ n
biczyk
long whiplike organelle

flageolet /ˈflæd͡ʒəlɪt/ /ˈflæʒəleɪ/ n
flageolet flażolet
type of small flute
flageolet flażoletka
type of kidney bean

flagpole /ˈflæɡˌpoʊl/ n
flagsztok maszt flagowy
pole for flags

flagrant /ˈfleɪ.ɡɹənt/ adj
rażący
obvious and offensive

flagship /ˈflæɡʃɪp/ n
okręt flagowy
ship occupied by the fleet's commander

flail /fleɪl/ /fɹeɪl/ n
cep
tool
kiścień cep bojowy
weapon

flair /flɛə̯/ /flɛɚ̯/ n
biegłość
natural or innate talent or aptitude

flak jacket n
kamizelka kuloodporna
piece of protective clothing

flake /fleɪk/ n
płatek
thin chiplike layer

flaky /ˈfleɪkiː/ adj
postrzelony
of a person: unreliable

flamboyant /flamˈbɔɪ.ənt/ /flæmˈbɔɪ.(j)ənt/ adj
krzykliwy kwiecisty przesadny
showy, bold or audacious in behaviour, appearance, etc.

flambé n
flambirowanie
cooking technique

flambé v
flambirować
to add and ignite alcohol to food

flame /fleɪm/ adj
ognistoczerwony
colour

flame /fleɪm/ n
kochanek kochanka
romantic partner
krytycyzm
criticism
ognista czerwień
colour
płomień
visible part of fire

flame /fleɪm/ v
rozniecać rozniecić rozpalać rozpalić
to produce flames

flame war n
flame war
A written dispute

flamenco /fləˈmɛŋkəʊ/ n
flamenco
a genre of folk music and dance native to Andalusia, Spain
a song or a dance in such a style

flamethrower /ˈfleɪmˌθɹoʊ.ɚ/ /ˈfleɪmˌθɹəʊ.ə/ n
miotacz ognia miotacz płomieni
device that projects a flame

flamingo /fləˈmɪŋɡoʊ/ n
flaming czerwonak
bird

flammability n
łatwopalność
the condition of being flammable

flammable /ˈflæməbəl/ adj
łatwopalny łatwopalna łatwopalne
capable of burning

flaneur /flæˈnɜː(ɹ)/ /flɑˈnʊɚ/ /flɑːˈnɜː(ɹ)/ n
włóczęga
one who wanders aimlessly

flank /flæŋk/ n
bok
anatomy: flesh between the last rib and the hip
flanka skrzydło
edge of military formation
łata
cut of meat

flank /flæŋk/ v
flankować oskrzydlać
to attack the flank(s)

flank steak n
bavette

flannel /ˈflænəl/ adj
flanelowy
made of flannel

flannel /ˈflænəl/ n
flanela
soft cloth material

flap /flæp/ n
spółgłoska uderzeniowa
phonetics

flap /flæp/ v
machać trzepotać machnąć
to move (something broad and loose) up and down
łopotać
to move loosely back and forth

flare /flɛə̯/ /flɛɚ̯/ n
blask
source of brightly burning light or intense heat
flara rakietnica
type of pyrotechnic
klosz szwedy
widening of the lower legs of trousers and jeans

flare up v
rozbłyskać rozbłyskiwać rozbłysnąć
burn brightly again
wybuchać wybuchnąć
burst out suddenly, as in anger
wybuchać wybuchnąć zaostrzać się zaostrzyć się
become more intense suddenly

flare-up n
rozbłysk
outbreak, outburst or eruption

flash /flæʃ/ n
błysk
burst of light
sudden and brilliant burst
flesz lampa błyskowa
short for camera flash

flash /flæʃ/ v
błyskać błysnąć
to blink
błyskać błysnąć błąkać się
to be visible briefly

flash drive n
pamięć USB PenDrive pendrajw pendrive
storage device

flash flood n
nagła powódź
sudden flood

flash in the pan n
słomiany zapał
transient occurrence with no long-term effect

flash memory n
pamięć USB pendrive
rewritable memory

flash mob n
flash mob
group converging and dispersing quickly

flash-bang n
granat błyskowo-hukowy
a type of grenade

flashcard /ˈflæʃˌkɑɹd/ n
fiszka
memorization aide

flashlight /ˈflæʃˌlaɪt/ n
latarka
battery-powered hand-held light source

flashover voltage n
napięcie przeskoku

flask /ˈflæsk/ /ˈflɑːsk/ n
kolba
laboratory glassware
manierka
container for a small amount of beverage
piersiówka
container to carry a small amount of alcoholic beverage; pocket flask

flat /flæt/ adj
bemolowy
lowered by one semitone
bezbarwny nijaki
uninteresting
flakowaty sflaczały
of a tyre: deflated
monotonny
without variations in pitch
odgazowany wygazowany zwietrzały
with its carbon dioxide having come out of solution
płaski równy
having no variations in altitude
wyczerpany
unable to emit power

flat /flæt/ adv
płasko
so as to be flat

flat /flæt/ n
bemol
music: note played a semitone lower than a natural
but
plural: ladies' shoes
flak
flat tyre/tire

flat affect n
spłycenie afektu

flat cap n
kaszkiet
man's cap made from wool, tweed, or other soft material.

flat peach n
brzoskwinia płaska
Prunus persica var. platycarpa

flat rate n
ryczałt

flat tyre n
flak guma kapeć przebita opona
deflated tyre

flat-bottomed adj
płaskodenny
having a flat bottom

flat-earther n
płaskoziemiec płaskoziemka
person who believes the Earth is flat

flat-headed adj
płaskogłowy
having a flat head

flatfish /ˈflætfɪʃ/ n
płastuga
fish of the order Pleuronectiformes

flatfoot n
platfus płaskostopie
condition

flatly /ˈflætli/ adv
beznamiętnie
in a manner that shows no emotions
kategorycznie
in a manner showing complete certainty

flatmate /ˈflætmeɪt/ n
współlokator współlokatorka
a person with whom one shares a flat

flatten /ˈflætən/ v
kłaść położyć zwalać zwalić
to knock down or lay low
równać spłaszczyć wyrównać
to make something flat
spłaszczyć się wyrównać się
to become flat

flatter /ˈflætə/ /ˈflætɚ/ [ˈflæɾɚ] n
gładzik kowalski
hammer

flatter /ˈflætə/ /ˈflætɚ/ [ˈflæɾɚ] v
pochlebiać schlebiać
to enhance someone's vanity
schlebiać pochlebiać
to compliment someone

flatterer n
pochlebca
one who flatters

flatteringly adv
twarzowo
in a flattering manner

flattery /ˈflæt.ə.ɹi/ /ˈflæt.ɚ.i/ n
pochlebstwo
excessive praise
instant of excessive praise

flatulence /ˈflæt͡ʃələns/ n
gazy wiatry
state of having gas in digestive system

flatulist /ˈflæt͡ʃəlɪst/ n
flatulista
a professional farter

flatworm n
płaziniec
worm of Platyhelminthes

flaunt /flɑnt/ /flɑːnt/ /flɒnt/ /flɔnt/ /flɔːnt/ v
afiszować afiszować się obnosić się zaafiszować zaafiszować się

flautist /ˈflɔːtɪst/ n
flecista flecistka
flute player

flavor /ˈfleɪvə/ /ˈfleɪvɚ/ n
odmiana
a type of something
smak aromat
the quality produced by the sensation of taste

flaw /ˈflɑ/ /ˈflɔ/ /ˈflɔː/ n
wada
defect, fault

flawless /ˈflɑləs/ /ˈflɔləs/ /ˈflɔːləs/ adj
bezbłędny doskonały
without flaws

flawlessly /ˈflɑː.ləs.li/ /ˈflɔː.ləs.li/ adv
bezbłędnie
in a flawless manner

flawlessness n
bezbłędność

flax /flæks/ /flɛks/ n
len len zwyczajny
plant
the fibers

flaxen /ˈflæk.sən/ adj
jasnobrązowy lniany
color
lniany
material

flaxseed /ˈflæksiːd/ n
siemię lniane
seed of the flax plant

flay /fleɪ/ /fliː/ v
oskalpować
to strip skin off

flayer /ˈfleɪ.ə/ /ˈfleɪ.ɚ/ n
rakarz
one who flays

flea /fliː/ n
pchła
parasitic insect

flea market n
pchli targ
an outdoor market selling inexpensive antiques, curios

fledgling /ˈflɛd͡ʒ.lɪŋ/ adj
świeżo upieczony
emergent or rising

fledgling /ˈflɛd͡ʒ.lɪŋ/ n
nowicjusz żółtodziub
inexperienced person
podlot
young bird

flee /fliː/ v
uciekać uciec umknąć umykać zbiec
to escape from
uciekać uciec zbiec umknąć umykać
to run away; to escape
ulatniać się ulotnić się
to disappear quickly

fleece /fliːs/ n
runo wełna
hair or wool of a sheep

fleet /flit/ /fliːt/ n
flota tabor
group of vessels or vehicles

fleet /flit/ /fliːt/ v
błąkać się
To pass over rapidly

fleet admiral n
admirał floty
top rank in US Navy

fleeting /ˈfliːtɪŋ/ adj
przelotny nikły
passing quickly

flerovium /flɪˈɹoʊviəm/ n
flerow
chemical element

flesh /flɛʃ/ n
ciało
human body entity
cielisty
colour
miąższ
edible part of fruit/vegetable
mięso ciało
body tissue

fleshy /ˈflɛʃi/ adj
mięsisty
having considerable flesh

fleur-de-lis /ˌflɜːdəˈliː/ /ˌflɜːdəˈliːs/ /ˌflɝdəˈli/ /ˌflɝdəˈlis/ n
lilia
heraldic charge
lilijka
in Scouting

flex /flɛks/ v
napinać prężyć
to tighten one's muscles

flex one's muscles v
prężyć muskuły
to make a show of strength
to tense and bend one's flexor muscles

flexible /ˈflɛk.sə.bəl/ /ˈflɛk.sɪ.bəl/ adj
elastyczny rozciągliwy gibki giętki
easily bent without breaking

flexitarian n
fleksitarianin
one who is usually vegetarian

flexitarianism n
fleksitarianizm semiwegetarianizm
The practice of eating mainly vegetarian with exceptions

flexor /ˈflɛksə(ɹ)/ n
zginacz
muscle

flibbertigibbet /ˈflɪbɚtiˌd͡ʒɪbɪt/ /ˌflɪbətiˈdʒɪbɪt/ n
gaduła trzpiotka
offbeat, skittish person

flicker /ˈflɪkə/ /ˈflɪkɚ/ n
błysk
an unsteady flash of light
mgnienie
a short moment
dzięcioł
Small woodpecker of the genus Colaptes

flicker /ˈflɪkə/ /ˈflɪkɚ/ v
migać migotać
to keep going on and off

flight /flaɪt/ n
lot
act of flying
journey made by an aircraft
instance of flying
stado
group of doves or swallows
ucieczka
act of fleeing

flight attendant n
steward stewardesa stewardessa
member of the crew of an airplane who is responsible for the comfort and safety of its passengers

flight deck n
pokład startowy
deck of an aircraft carrier

flight feather n
lotka
wing feather

flight number n
numer rejsu
callsign

flightless adj
nielotny
unable to fly

flimflam v
bachnąć

flinch /flɪnt͡ʃ/ v
wzdrygać się wzdrygnąć się
to make a sudden, involuntary movement in response to a stimulus

flint /flɪnt/ n
krzemień krzemyk
hard fine-grained quartz which generates sparks when struck
krzesiwo
piece of flint, such as gunflint used to produce a spark

flinty /ˈflɪnti/ adj
krzemienny
Resembling or containing flint.

flip the bird v
pokazać środkowy palec
to make a rude or obscene gesture, particularly with the middle finger

flip-flop /ˈflɪpˌflɑp/ /ˈflɪpˌflɒp/ n
przerzutnik
bistable electronic circuit

flipper /ˈflɪpə/ /ˈflɪpɚ/ n
bilard flipper
flat lever in a pinball machine
płetwa
marine mammal's wide limb for swimming
paddle-like rubber covering for the foot

flirt /flɜːt/ /flɝt/ v
flirtować bałamucić czarować kokietować mizdrzyć się podrywać
to play at courtship

flirtatious /flɚˈteɪʃəs/ adj
bałamutny uwodzicielski zalotny
having a tendency to flirt often

flirtatiously adv
bałamutnie
In a flirtatious manner

flirtatiousness n
bałamutność

flixweed n
stulicha psia
Descurainia sophia

float /floʊt/ /fləʊt/ n
akumulatorowy pojazd
small battery-powered vehicle
blef
poker maneuver
fundusze do spłacenia
funds committed to be paid but not yet paid
koktajl lodowy
soft beverage with a scoop of ice-cream
mała kwota pieniędzy w kasie
small sum of money put in a cashier's till at the start of business
paca packa
sort of trowel
pława
buoyant device
łączna kwota czeków nieuregulowanych
banking: total amount of outstanding checks/cheques or other drafts

floater /ˈfloʊ.təɹ/ /ˈfləʊ.tə/ n
mroczek
a speck in the visual field that seems to move, possibly caused by degeneration of the vitreous humour

floating island n
zupa nic
a dessert

floating point adj
zmiennoprzecinkowy
computing

floating-point number n
liczba zapisana w notacji wykładniczej
number written in the form a × bc
liczba zmiennoprzecinkowa
computing: real number held as a pair of integers, representing the mantissa and the exponent

flock /flɑk/ /flɒk/ n
stado
group of animals, especially sheep or goats
group of birds

floe /fləʊ/ n
kra
a low, flat mass of floating ice

flog /flɑɡ/ /flɒɡ/ v
biczować chłostać ubiczować
to whip or scourge as punishment

flog a dead horse v
robić coś na próżno zrobić coś na próżno
to attempt to get more out of something that cannot give more

flogging /ˈflɒɡɪŋ/ n
chłosta
infliction of punishment by dealing blows or whipping

flood /flʌd/ n
powódź natłok nawał ogrom potok
large number or quantity
powódź potop
overflow of water

flood /flʌd/ v
zalewać
to cover as if by a flood
to overflow
to provide with a large number of quantity

flood tide n
przypływ
period when sea is rising

flooded /ˈflʌdɪd/ adj
zalane
filled with water

floodwater n
woda powodziowa
water of a flood

floor /flo(ː)ɹ/ /floə/ /floɹ/ /floʊ/ /flɔː/ [flo̞ɹ] n
dno
lower inside surface of a hollow space
ląd ziemia
surface of the Earth, as opposed to the sky or water or underground
piętro
horizontal structure dividing a building
podłoga
bottom part of a room

floorball n
unihokej
hockey-like ball game

floorboard n
deska podłogowa
any of the long boards laid over joists to make a floor

flop /flɑp/ /flɒp/ /flɔp/ n
niewypał klapa
failure, especially in the entertainment industry

flop /flɑp/ /flɒp/ /flɔp/ v
klapa
to fail completely, not to be successful at all

floppy disk n
dyskietka dysk elastyczny dysk miękki
flexible disk used for storing digital data

floppy drive n
stacja dyskietek
device for reading floppy disks

flora /ˈflɔː.ɹə/ n
flora
plants considered as a group

floral /ˈfloɹəl/ /ˈflɔːɹəl/ adj
kwiatowy
of or pertaining to flowers

florentine /ˈflɒɹəntaɪn/ /ˈflɒɹəntiːn/ n
florentynka
A biscuit of nuts and fruit

floriculture n
kwiaciarstwo
the farming of flowers

florist /ˈfloɹɪst/ /ˈflɑɹɪst/ /ˈflɒɹɪst/ n
kwiaciarz florysta florystka kwiaciarka
a person who sells flowers

florist's n
kwiaciarnia
a shop that sells flowers

floss /flɑs/ /flɒs/ /flɔs/ n
nić dentystyczna
a thread used to clean the gaps between the teeth

flotilla /floʊˈtɪlə/ n
flotylla
small fleet

flotsam /ˈflɒtsəm/ n
rozbilina
flotsam

flounder /ˈflaʊndɚ/ n
flądra fląderka tornia
Platichthys flesus

flour /flɑɹ/ /flɑː/ /flɔr/ /ˈflaʊ̯.ə/ /ˈflaʊ̯.ɚ/ n
mąka
ground cereal grains or other foodstuff

flour mite n
rozkruszek mączny
Acarus siro

flout /flaʊt/ /flʌʊt/ v
gardzić
to scorn
zlekceważyć
to express contempt for the rules by word or action

flow /floʊ/ /fləʊ/ n
przepływ
the movement of a fluid
rate of fluid movement
przypływ
the rising movement of the tide

flow /floʊ/ /fləʊ/ v
płynąć ciec przepływać
to move as a fluid

flow chart n
schemat blokowy
schematic representation of a process

flower /ˈflaʊ.ə/ /ˈflaʊ.ɚ/ n
kwiat
reproductive structure in angiosperms

flower /ˈflaʊ.ə/ /ˈflaʊ.ɚ/ v
kwitnąć
to put forth blooms

flower water n
woda kwiatowa
with floral fragrance

flowerbed n
kwietnik klomb rabata
place where flowers are grown

flowering plant n
roślina okrytonasienna
common term for an "angiosperm"

flowering rush n
łączeń łączeń baldaszkowy

flowerless adj
bezkwiatowy bezkwietny

flowerpot /ˈflaʊəˌpɒt/ /ˈflaʊɚˌpɑt/ n
doniczka donica
container in which plants are grown

flowing /ˈfloʊ.ɪŋ/ /ˈfləʊ.ɪŋ/ adj
potoczysty
moving, proceeding or shaped smoothly

flu /fluː/ /flʉː/ n
grypa
influenza

fluctuation /flʌkt͡ʃuːˈeɪʃən/ n
falowanie wahanie
wavelike motion
fluktuacja wahanie
wavering; unsteadiness

fluctuational adj
fluktuacyjny
of, pertaining to, or resulting from fluctuations

fluency /ˈfluːənsi/ n
biegłość
quality of consistently applying skill correctly
quality of smoothness of flow
biegłość płynność
linguistics: being fluent in a language

fluent /ˈfljuːɛnt/ /ˈfluənt/ /ˈfluːənt/ adj
płynny biegły
able to speak a language accurately and confidently

fluently adv
biegle płynnie
expressing oneself easily
płynnie
having graceful movements

fluff /flʌf/ n
puch puszek
light fur etc

fluffy /flʌfi/ adj
puchaty
covered with fluff
puszysty
light; soft; airy

fluid /ˈfljuːɪd/ /ˈfluːɪd/ adj
cieczowy ciekły płynny płynowy
of or relating to fluid
płynny
convertible into cash
in a state of flux; subject to change
moving smoothly

fluid /ˈfljuːɪd/ /ˈfluːɪd/ n
płyn ciecz
any state of matter which can flow

fluke /fljuːk/ /fluk/ /fluːk/ n
fart fuks szczęśliwy traf
stroke of luck
przywra
parasitic flatworm
łapa (kotwicy)
anchor blade

flump /flʌmp/ v
bęcnąć
to move or fall heavily

flunk /flʌŋk/ v
oblać
to fail
to deny a passing grade

fluorescent lamp n
świetlówka
gas-discharge lamp

fluoride /ˈflɔɹˌaɪd/ /ˈflɔːˌɹaɪd/ /ˈflʊəˌɹaɪd/ /ˈflʊɚˌaɪd/ n
fluorek
fluoride

fluorine /ˈfloɹˌin, -ɪn/ /ˈflʊ(ə)ɹˌin, -ɪn/ n
fluor
chemical element

fluorite /ˈflɔɹˌaɪt/ /ˈflʊɚˌaɪt/ n
fluoryt
mineral

fluorophore n
fluorofor
molecule capable of fluorescence

flurry /ˈflɝ.ɹi/ /ˈflʊɹi/ /ˈflʌɹi/ n
krótki opad
brief snowfall
tuman
shower of dust, leaves, …

flush /ˈflʌʃ/ n
spłuczka
cleansing of a toilet
kolor
poker hand

flush toilet n
klozet ubikacja
toilet that uses water to remove waste

flute /fluːt/ n
flet
woodwind instrument
kanela kanelura
architecture: vertical groove in a pillar
kieliszek do szampana
glass
rowek żłobek
helical groove going up a drill bit

flutter /ˈflʌtə/ /ˈflʌtɚ/ [-ɾɚ] n
kołatanie palpitacja
abnormal rapid pulsation of heart
trzepot
act of fluttering

flutter /ˈflʌtə/ /ˈflʌtɚ/ [-ɾɚ] v
trzepotać
to flap or wave quickly

fluvial /ˈfluːvi.əl/ adj
rzeczny
of, pertaining to, inhabiting, or produced by the action of a river or stream

fluvisol n
mada
soil type

flux /flʌks/ n
strumień
rate of transfer of energy (electric flux, magnetic flux)
topnik
chemical agent for cleaning metal prior to soldering or welding

fly /flaɪ/ adj
odwalony
well dressed

fly /flaɪ/ n
błystka wahadłowa wahadłówka
fishing lure
mucha
insect of the family Muscidae
insect of the order Diptera
rozporek
strip that hides the opening of trousers/pants or underpants

fly /flaɪ/ v
biec biegać
to travel very fast, to hasten
latać lecieć
to travel through air

fly agaric n
muchomor czerwony
Amanita muscaria

fly ash /ˈflaɪ æʃ/ /ˈflaɪ ˌæʃ/ n
popiół lotny
residue generated in the combustion of powdered coal or other materials, comprising the fine particles that rise with the flue gases

fly in the ointment /ˈflaɪ ən ði ˈɔɪn(t)m(ə)nt/ /ˈflaɪ ɪn ði ˈɔɪntm(ə)nt/ n
łyżka dziegciu w beczce miodu
something which ruins or spoils everything else, or makes it less pleasant

fly too close to the sun v
zachowywać się zbyt pewnie siebie

fly-half n
łącznik ataku
rugby position

flyer /ˈflaɪə(ɹ)/ n
awiator lotnik
someone who pilots or rides in an airplane
ulotka

flying ace n
as myśliwski
military aviator

flying boat n
łódź latająca
fixed-winged seaplane

flying car n
latający samochód

flying fox n
tyrolka
device consisting of a chair suspended on a pulley

flying gurnard n
strwolotka
fish of Dactylopteridae

flying saucer n
latający spodek
disc-shaped unidentified flying object

flying squirrel n
polatucha
squirrel

flying start n
bardzo dobry start
an especially good start

flyover n
wiadukt
road

flypaper n
lep na muchy lep
flypaper

flysheet n
tropik
An extra cover of a tent

flyswatter n
packa
device for swatting flies

flyweight n
waga musza
weight division in combat sports

flywheel n
koło zamachowe
rotating mass

foal /foʊl/ /fɐʉl/ /fəʊl/ [foɫ] [fɔʊɫ] n
źrebię źrebak
young horse

foal /foʊl/ /fɐʉl/ /fəʊl/ [foɫ] [fɔʊɫ] v
oźrebić
give birth (equestrian)

foam /foʊm/ /fəʊm/ n
piana
substance composed of a large collection of bubbles or their solidified remains

foam /foʊm/ /fəʊm/ v
pienić się
form or emit foam

foamy /foʊmi/ /fəʊmi/ adj
pienisty
full of foam

fob /fɒb/ n
brelok
ornament
łańcuszek
chain or ribbon

focal length n
ogniskowa
distance

focal point n
centralny punkt fokus
(optics) a focus; a point at which rays of light or other radiation converge

focus /ˈfoʊ.kəs/ /ˈfəʊ.kəs/ n
ognisko
in optics
in mathematics
concentration of attention
quality of the convergence of light on the photographic medium

focus /ˈfoʊ.kəs/ /ˈfəʊ.kəs/ v
skoncentrować się skupiać się skupić się
(intransitive) to concentrate one's attention

focusing screen n
matówka

fodder /ˈfɑdɚ/ /ˈfɒdə/ n
pasza karma obrok
food for animals

foehn /feɪn/ /fɜːn/ /fɝn/ n
fen
warm dry wind blowing down the northern sides of the Alps
any similar wind

fog /fɑɡ/ /fɒɡ/ /fɔɡ/ n
mgła
cloud that forms at a low altitude and obscures vision

fog of war n
mgła wojny

fogey /ˈfoʊɡi/ /ˈfəʊɡi/ n
leśny dziadek moherowy beret stary pryk
dull old fellow

foggy /ˈfɒɡi/ adj
mglisty
obscured by mist or fog

foie gras /ˌfwɑ ˈɡɹɑ/ /ˌfwɑː ˈɡɹɑː/ n
pasztet strasburski foie gras
fattened liver of geese or ducks

foil /fɔɪl/ n
floret
type of sword used in fencing
folia
thin sheet of metal
thin aluminium/aluminum or tin used for wrapping food

foil /fɔɪl/ v
udaremniać udaremnić
prevent from being accomplished

fold /faʉld/ /foʊld/ /ˈfəʊld/ [fɒʊ(ɫ)d] [ˈfɒʊ(ɫ)d] [ˈfɔʊ(ɫ)d] n
fałda
bend or crease

fold /faʉld/ /foʊld/ /ˈfəʊld/ [fɒʊ(ɫ)d] [ˈfɒʊ(ɫ)d] [ˈfɔʊ(ɫ)d] v
składać złożyć
bend (thin material) over

foldability n
składalność

foldable adj
składalny
that can be folded

foldable n
składak

folder /ˈfoʊɫdɚ/ /ˈfəʊldə/ n
folder katalog
container of computer files
folder teczka skoroszyt
organizer

folding screen n
parawan
furniture

foldout n
alonż przedłużek przedłużka
gatefold
amerykanka
bed

foley /ˈfoʊli/ n
realizacja dźwięku
creation of sound effects

foley artist n
dźwiękowiec
foley artist

foliage /ˈfoʊliɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈfəʊliɪdʒ/ n
listowie liść
the leaves of plants

folivore /ˈfəʊlɪvɔː(ɹ)/ n
liściożerca
herbivore that eats mostly foliage

folivorous adj
liściożerny
eating leaves

folk /foʊk/ /foʊlk/ /fəʊk/ adj
ludowy
of or related to local building materials and styles; not imported
ludowy popularny zwyczajowy
believed or transmitted by the common people; not academically correct or rigorous

folk /foʊk/ /foʊlk/ /fəʊk/ n
lud
inhabitants of a region

folk dance n
taniec ludowy
genre of dance

folk etymology n
etymologia ludowa etymologia popularna etymologia potoczna
false etymology

folk medicine /ˌfoʊk ˈmɛdəs(ə)n/ /ˌfəʊk ˈmɛd(ɪ)s(ɪ)n/ n
medycyna tradycyjna
traditional medical practices developed and used by non-physicians

folk music n
folk
contemporary music in traditional style
muzyka ludowa
music originating from a specific region

folk song n
piosenka ludowa
song originating among the working people

folklore /ˈfoʊk.lɔːɹ/ /ˈfəʊk.lɔː/ n
folklor tradycja ludowa
tales, legends and superstitions of a particular ethnic population

folklorism n
folkloryzm
use of tradition outside the cultural context in which it was created

folklorist n
folklorysta folklorystka
a person who studies or collects folklore

folkloristics n
folklorystyka
formal academic study of folklore

folktale n
bajka ludowa
story that is part of the oral tradition of a people

follicle /ˈfɒlɪk(ə)l/ n
cebulka mieszek pęcherzyk torebka woreczek
anatomy
mieszek
botany

follow /ˈfɑloʊ/ /ˈfɒləʊ/ v
iść za pójść za śledzić
to go or come after in physical space
nadążać
to understand
następować
to go or come after in a sequence
wykonać
to carry out in accordance to
wynikać
to be a logical consequence of
wyznawać
to live one’s life according to
śledzić
to keep track of

follow in someone's footsteps v
iść w czyjeś ślady pójść w czyjeś ślady
follow the same path as someone

follow suit v
iść za przykładem naśladować pójść za przykładem
follow an example

followed by conjunction
a następnie
after that

follower /ˈfɒləʊə(ɹ)/ n
wyznawca
one who adheres to the opinions, ideas or teachings of another

following /ˈfɑloʊɪŋ/ /ˈfɒləʊɪŋ/ adj
następny następujący
next in sequence or time

following /ˈfɑloʊɪŋ/ /ˈfɒləʊɪŋ/ preposition
automatem automatycznie w ślad za z automatu
subsequent to

folly /ˈfɑli/ /ˈfɒli/ n
głupota
foolishness

fond /fɑnd/ /fɒnd/ v
lubić
be fond of, have affection for

fondant /fɒnˈdɒnt/ /fɒ̃ˈdɒ̃/ /fɔ̃ˈdɒ̃/ /ˈfɒndənt/ n
pomadka
flavored sugar preparation

fondue /fɑnˈdu/ /ˈfɒnduː/ n
fondue
dish

fonio /ˈfəʊnjəʊ/ n
palusznik afrykański
Digitaria exilis

font /fɑnt/ /fɒnt/ n
chrzcielnica
a receptacle in church for holy water
zbiornik
a receptacle for oil in a lamp
czcionka
typesetting: a grouping of consistently-designed glyphs
czcionka font
a computer file containing the code used to draw and compose the glyphs
źródło
a source

fontanelle n
ciemiączko
soft spot on a baby's head

food /fud/ /fuːd/ /fʏːd/ n
jedzenie żywność pożywienie jadło pica strawa
any substance consumed by living organisms to sustain life

food bowl n
miska
bowl

food chain n
łańcuch pokarmowy
feeding relationship between species

food poisoning n
zatrucie pokarmowe
any food-borne disease

food processor n
robot kuchenny
kitchen appliance

food stamp n
kartka żywnościowa
stamp or similar issued to be exchanged for food, or other essential provisions

food truck n
barobus barowóz
A van that serves hot food to customers

food web /ˈfud wɛb/ /ˈfuːd wɛb/ n
sieć pokarmowa sieć troficzna
diagram showing the organisms that eat other organisms in a particular ecosystem

foodshed n
spichlerz
food-producing region

foodstuff /ˈfuːdˌstʌf/ n
artykuł żywnościowy
material that may be used as food

fool /fuːl/ /fʊu(l)/ n
bałwan głupek głupiec baran bęcwał dureń
person with poor judgement or little intelligence
błazen
jester
stock character
głupiec
tarot card

fool /fuːl/ /fʊu(l)/ v
oszukać
to trick; to make a fool of someone

fool around v
wygłupiać
to engage in frivolous behaviour; to monkey around (idiomatic)

fool's errand n
próżny wysiłek
foolish undertaking

fool's mate n
mat głupca mat szkolny mat żakowski
quickest possible checkmate

fool's parsley n
blekot

foolery /ˈfuːləɹi/ n
błazenada błazeństwo głupota
foolish behaviour or speech.

foolish /ˈfuː.lɪʃ/ adj
głupi niemądry
lacking good sense or judgement; unwise

foolishness /ˈfuːlɪʃnəs/ n
głupota
thing or event that is foolish
state of being foolish

foolproof /ˈfuːl ˌpɹuːf/ adj
idiotoodporny
(device) fail-safe

foosball /ˈfuːsˌbɔːl/ /ˈfuːzˌbɔːl/ n
piłkarzyki trambambula
table soccer

foot /fʊt/ [fɤt] [fɵʔt] [fʉ̞ʔt] [fʊt] [fʊtʰ] [fʊt̚] [fʷʊt̚] n
lik dolny
bottom edge of a sail
stopa
part of human body
unit of measure
bottom of anything
projection on equipment
stopa łapa
part of animal’s body

foot /fʊt/ [fɤt] [fɵʔt] [fʉ̞ʔt] [fʊt] [fʊtʰ] [fʊt̚] [fʷʊt̚] v
bulić
pay

foot job n
foot job
sexual act stimulated by foot

foot patrol n
pieszy patrol

foot-and-mouth disease n
pryszczyca
foot-and-mouth disease

footage /ˈfʊtɪd͡ʒ/ n
materiał filmowy
amount of film that has been used

footbag n
zośka
ball
game

football /ˈfʊtboːl/ /ˈfʊtbɑl/ /ˈfʊtbɔl/ /ˈfʊtbɔːl/ [ˈfʊʔbɔːl] [ˈfʊʔtbɔɫ] [ˈfʊʔtʰbɔːl] [ˈfʊʔt̚bɔɫ] [ˈfʊʔt̚bɔːl] [ˈfʷʊʔt̚bɑɫ] n
futbol australijski
game in Northern Territory, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia
piłka nożna
practise of any of these games
piłka nożna futbol
association football

footballer /ˈfʊtbɔːlə/ /ˈfʊtbɔːləɹ/ n
piłkarz piłkarka nożna piłkarz nożny
one who plays football

footbath /ˈfʊtbæθ/ /ˈfʊtbɑːθ/ n
brodzik
small basin or bath designed for washing feet

footboard n
podnóżek
board or small raised platform on which to support or rest the feet; such as found on in a carriage

footbridge n
kładla
bridge for pedestrians

footfall /-ˌfɑl/ /ˈfʊtfɔːl/ /ˈfʊtˌfɔl/ n
tupot
sound made by a footstep

footnote /ˈfʊtˌnoʊt/ /ˈfʊtˌnəʊt/ n
przypis
comment at the bottom of a printed page

footpath /ˈfʊtˌpæθ/ /ˈfʊtˌpɑːθ/ n
dróżka ścieżka
path to be used by people walking

footprint /ˈfʊtpɹɪnt/ n
ślad odbicie odcisk
the impression of the foot

footsie /ˈfʊtsi/ n
flirt ze stopami
flirting game

footstool /ˈfʊtˌstuːl/ n
podnóżek
a low stool

footwear n
obuwie
item of clothing that is worn on the foot

footwrap n
onuca
a strip of cloth worn around the feet

foppish /ˈfɒp.ɪʃ/ adj
dandysowaty gogusiowaty lalusiowaty
like a fop

for /foː(ɹ)/ /fɔɹ/ /fɔː(ɹ)/ /fɘ(ɹ)/ /fə(ɹ)/ /fə/ /fɚ/ conjunction
gdyż dlatego że albowiem
because

for /foː(ɹ)/ /fɔɹ/ /fɔː(ɹ)/ /fɘ(ɹ)/ /fə(ɹ)/ /fə/ /fɚ/ preposition
dla
directed at, intended to belong to
do ku na
towards
o dla
in order to obtain or acquire
za
because of
za dla
supporting

for God's sake interjection
na Boga na litość boską na miłość boską rany boskie
exclamation of anger, surprise, or impatience

for a change
dla odmiany
as a departure from the usual

for a song
za bezcen za grosze za półdarmo
very cheaply

for all intents and purposes
na dobrą sprawę
for every functional purpose

for all someone cares phraseologicalUnit
nie obchodzić kogoś
someone really doesn't care (if)

for better or worse
na dobre i na złe
No matter what the future may hold

for ever and ever adv
na wieki wieków
eternally

for example
na przykład bodaj
as an example

for free
za darmo bezpłatnie darmo gratis darmowo nieodpłatnie
without paying

for fuck's sake
do chuja pana do kurwy nędzy
expressing anger, frustration, subtle annoyance

for good
na dobre
forever; permanently

for good measure
na dobitkę na dodatek na dokładkę
in excess of the required minimum

for kicks
dla beki

for life
na całe życie
for the rest of a person's life

for nothing adv
na marne
for no reason
za darmo
for free

for now
na razie
at the moment; until later

for old times' sake
po starej znajomości

for one thing
po pierwsze
(to introduce the first item)

for real adv
autentyk
truly

for sale
na sprzedaż
being offered for purchase

for shame interjection
wstydź się!
You should be ashamed of yourself!

for short
w skrócie
As an abbreviated form

for show
dla bajeru

for some reason adv
nie wiedzieć czemu

for starters adv
na dzień dobry
as an initial point

for sure
na pewno
definitely

for that matter
jeśli o to chodzi
as far as that is concerned

for the birds adj
do bani

for the life of one
za Boga za skarby świata
if my life depended on it

for the most part adv
przeważnie
mostly

for the record
żeby nie było
for the purpose of being recorded

for the sake of
dla na
because of

for the time being adv
na razie chwilowo póki co
temporarily; until later

for want of preposition
z braku

for what it's worth
żeby nie było
considering what limited worth this advice may have

for your information
dla twojej wiadomości do twojej wiadomości
used to introduce a rebuttal to the interlocutor's previous statement

for-profit adj
komercyjny
for the purpose of making money

foray /ˈfɒɹ.eɪ/ /ˈfɔɹ.eɪ/ /ˈfɔɹ.æɪ/ n
najazd napad wypad
incursion

forbid /fəˈbɪd/ /fɚˈbɪd/ v
zakazać zabraniać zakazywać zabronić odmawiać odmówić
to disallow

forbidden /fəˈbɪdn̩/ /fɚˈbɪdn̩/ adj
zabroniony zakazany wzbroniony
not allowed

forbidden fruit n
zakazany owoc
illicit pleasure
the fruit forbidden to Adam

forbidden fruit is the sweetest proverb
owoc zakazany jest najsłodszy zakazany owoc smakuje najlepiej
forbidden things seem more appealing

forbidding /fəˈbɪdɪŋ/ /fɚˈbɪdɪŋ/ adj
nieprzyjazny
highly unpleasant or disagreeable

force /fo(ː)ɹs/ /foəs/ /fɔɹs/ /fɔːs/ [fo̞ɹs] n
moc siła
law: legal validity
siła
physical quantity
ability to attack, control, or constrain
power exerted against will or consent
strength or energy of body or mind
siła moc
anything that is able to make a big change in person or thing
siły
group that aims to attack, control, or constrain

force /fo(ː)ɹs/ /foəs/ /fɔɹs/ /fɔːs/ [fo̞ɹs] v
zmuszać zmusić
to compel someone to do something

force majeure /-mə-/ /ˌfoɹs mɑˈʒɜɹ/ /ˌfɔːs mæˈʒɜː/ n
siła wyższa
(law) unavoidable circumstance
overwhelming force

force of habit n
siła przyzwyczajenia
automatic act

force of nature n
siła natury
a mighty natural force which is beyond human control
a thing or person that exhibits qualities which appear to be beyond outside control

force one's way v
przepchać się przepychać się

forced labor n
praca przymusowa
work which one is compelled to perform

forced landing n
przymusowe lądowanie

forced march n
forsowny marsz
military march of excessive speed

forced perspective n
wymuszona perspektywa
optical illusion in which an object appears of different size or distance

forceps /ˈfoɹsɛps/ /ˈfɔ(ː)ɹsɛps/ /ˈfɔːsəps/ /ˈfɔːsɛps/ n
kleszcze szczypce
instrument used in surgery

forcibly /ˈfɔːsəbli/ adv
na siłę przemocą siłą
in a forcible manner

ford /fo(ː)ɹd/ /foəd/ /fɔɹd/ /fɔːd/ n
bród
crossing

ford /fo(ː)ɹd/ /foəd/ /fɔɹd/ /fɔːd/ v
przeprawić
to cross a stream

fore /fo(ː)ɹ/ /foə/ /fɔɹ/ /fɔː/ adj
przedni
forward; at or toward the front

forearm /ˈfɔɹˌɑɹm/ /ˈfɔːˌɹɑːm/ /ˌfɔɹˈɑɹm/ /ˌfɔːˈɹɑːm/ n
przedramię
part of the arm

forebrain n
przodomózgowie
part of the brain

forecast /ˈfɔɹkæst/ /ˈfɔːkɑːst/ n
prognoza zapowiedź
estimation of future condition

forecast /ˈfɔɹkæst/ /ˈfɔːkɑːst/ v
przepowiadać przepowiedzieć
estimate future conditions

forecaster n
prognosta prognozer
A person who predicts future outcomes based on current and past evidence.

forecastle /ˈfoɹ.kæ.səl/ /ˈfoʊk.səl/ n
forkasztel
nautical: raised part of the upper deck at bow

foreclosure n
zajęcie
proceeding by a creditor

foredeck n
pokład dziobowy
the part of the deck of a ship or boat that lies forward of the mast

forefather /ˈfɔɹˌfɑːðɚ/ /ˈfɔːˌfɑːðə/ n
przodek antenat
ancestor

forefinger /ˈfɔɹˌfɪŋ.ɡɚ/ /ˈfɔːˌfɪŋ.ɡə/ n
palec wskazujący
first finger next to the thumb

foregoing /ˌfɔː(ɹ)ˈɡəʊ.ɪŋ/ adj
powyższy uprzedni
occurring before or in front of something else

foregone conclusion n
rezultat przesądzony z góry
predictable or inevitable conclusion

forehand /fɔːhænd/ /fɔːɹhænd/ n
forhend
stroke in racket sports

forehead /ˈfɑɹɪd/ /ˈfɒɹɛd/ /ˈfɒɹɪd/ /ˈfɔɹɛd/ /ˈfɔɹɪd/ /ˈfɔɹˌhɛd/ /ˈfɔː(ɹ)hɛd/ /ˈfɔːɹɛd/ n
czoło
part of face above eyebrows

foreign /ˈfɑɹɪn/ /ˈfɒɹən/ /ˈfɒɹɪn/ /ˈfɔɹən/ /ˈfɔɹɪn/ adj
cudzoziemski zagraniczny obcy
originating from or characteristic of a different country
obcy
relating to a different nation
alien, strange
not characteristic of or naturally taken in by an organism or system
zagraniczny cudzoziemski obcy
located outside one's own country or place

foreign affairs n
sprawy zagraniczne
policy

foreign country n
zagranica
country of which one is not a citizen

foreign currency n
dewizy waluta zagraniczna
currency used in a foreign country

foreign debt n
dług zewnętrzny
debt owed to foreigners

foreign exchange n
wymiana walut
exchange of currency from one country for currency from another country

foreign language n
język obcy
any language other than that spoken by the people of a specific place

foreign minister n
minister spraw zagranicznych
cabinet official

foreign trade n
handel zagraniczny
trade between a country and other countries

foreigner /ˈfɑɹ.ɪ.nɚ/ /ˈfɒɹ.ɪ.nə(ɹ)/ /ˈfɔɹ.ɪ.nɚ/ n
cudzoziemiec obcokrajowiec cudzoziemka
person in a foreign land

foreknow /ˌfɔɹˈnoʊ/ /ˌfɔːˈnəʊ/ v
wiedzieć z góry
to have foreknowledge of

forelock n
grzywa
front part of a mane
grzywka
hair that hangs over the forehead

foreman /ˈfɔː(ɹ)mən/ n
kierownik budowy majster
leader of a work crew

foremast n
fokmaszt fok
foremost mast

foremost /ˈfɔː.məʊst/ adj
czołowy
dziobowy
closest to the bow

foremost /ˈfɔː.məʊst/ adv
głównie z przodu

foremother n
antenatka pramatka
a female ancestor

forename /ˈfɔɹneɪm/ /ˈfɔːneɪm/ v
imię
name that precedes the surname

forenoon /ˈfo(ː)ɹnuːn/ /ˈfoənuːn/ /ˈfɔɹnun/ /ˈfɔːnuːn/ n
przedpołudnie
forenoon - part of the day before noon

forensic /fəˈɹɛn.sɪk/ /fəˈɹɛn.zɪk/ adj
kryminalistyczny sądowy
relating to the use of science and technology in the investigation and establishment of facts or evidence in a court of law
oratorski
relating to, or used in debate or argument
sądowy
relating to, or appropriate for courts of law

forensic medicine n
medycyna sądowa
application of medical science to criminal investigation

forensic science n
kryminalistyka medycyna sądowa
collection of physical evidence and its subsequent analysis

foreplay /ˈfɔː(ɹ)pleɪ/ n
gra wstępna
foreplay

forerunner n
prekursor poprzednik
precursor, harbinger

foresee /fɔɹˈsi/ /fɔːˈsiː/ v
przewidywać
to anticipate

foresight /ˈfo(ː)ɹsaɪt/ /ˈfoəsaɪt/ /ˈfɔɹsaɪt/ /ˈfɔːsaɪt/ n
dalekowzroczność przezorność zapobiegliwość
ability to foresee or prepare wisely for the future
muszka
front sight on weapon

foreskin /ˈfo(ː)ɹskɪn/ /ˈfoəskɪn/ /ˈfɔɹskɪn/ /ˈfɔːskɪn/ n
napletek
fold of skin covering the head of the penis

forest /fɔɹst/ /ˈfɑɹ.ɪst/ /ˈfɒɹ.ɪst/ /ˈfɔɹ.ɪst/ n
las
dense collection of trees

forest /fɔɹst/ /ˈfɑɹ.ɪst/ /ˈfɒɹ.ɪst/ /ˈfɔɹ.ɪst/ v
las
to cover an area with trees

forest ranger n
strażnik leśny

forester n
leśnik
person practicing forestry

forestless adj
bezleśny

forestlessness n
bezlesie bezleśność

forestry /ˈfɑɹ.ɪst.ɹi/ /ˈfɒɹ.ɪst.ɹi/ n
leśnictwo
science of planting and growing trees

foretaste n
przedsmak
taste taken in advance

foretell /fɔɹˈtɛl/ [foː.ˈteɫ] [fɔɹ.ˈtɛɫ] [fɔː.ˈtɛɫ] v
przepowiadać przepowiedzieć
to predict the future

foreteller n
wróż wróżbiarz wróżbita
someone who foretells

forever /fəˈɹɛvə(ɹ)/ /fəˈɹɛvɚ/ [fɔɹˈɛvɚ] [fəˈɹɛvɚ] [fɚˈɛvɚ] adv
cały czas
(colloquially) constantly or frequently
całą wieczność
(colloquially) for a very long time
na zawsze
(colloquially) for an excessively long time
na zawsze po wsze czasy na zawżdy
for all time, for all eternity; for an infinite amount of time

forevermore /fɔːɹˈɛv.ɚ.mɔːɹ/ /fəˈɹɛv.ə.mɔː/ adv
na zawsze
at any or all times in the future; forever

forewarned is forearmed proverb
przezorny zawsze ubezpieczony
proverb

foreword /ˈfɔɹwɚd/ /ˈfɔɹwɝd/ /ˈfɔːwɜːd/ n
przedmowa przedsłowie
an introductory section

forfeit /ˈfɔɹ.fɪt/ /ˈfɔː.fɪt/ v
stracić
to suffer the loss
zrezygnować zrzec się
to give up in defeat

forfend /fɔɹˈfɛnd/ /fɔːˈfɛnd/ /fə-/ v
uniemożliwiać uniemożliwić zakazać zakazywać
prohibit; forbid; avert

forge /fo(ː)ɹd͡ʒ/ /foəd͡ʒ/ /fɔɹd͡ʒ/ /fɔːd͡ʒ/ n
kuźnia
workshop
palenisko
furnace or hearth

forge /fo(ː)ɹd͡ʒ/ /foəd͡ʒ/ /fɔɹd͡ʒ/ /fɔːd͡ʒ/ v
fałszować podrabiać podrobić sfałszować
to create a forgery of
kuć wykuć
to shape a metal
posuwać się
to move forward gradually in the face of resistance

forged /fɔːd͡ʒd/ /fɔːɹdʒd/ adj
fałszywy podrobiony
fake (as documents)
kuty
fabricated by forging

forger n
fałszerz fałszerka
person who creates forgeries, falsifies documents with intent to defraud; counterfeiter

forgery /ˈfɔː.dʒəɹ.ɪ/ /ˈfɔːɹ.d͡ʒəɹ.ɪ/ n
falsyfikat podróbka
that which is forged or counterfeited
fałszowanie podrabianie
the act of forging, fabricating or producing falsely
kucie
the act of forging metal into shape

forget /fɔɹˈɡɛt/ /fɔːˈɡɛt/ /fəˈɡɛt/ /fɚˈɡɛt/ v
zapominać zapomnieć
to cease remembering
to lose remembrance of
to unintentionally not do

forget it v
nieważne
I don't want to continue with this conversation
It doesn't matter

forget-me-not /fəˈɡɛt.miːˌnɒt/ /fɚˈɡɛt.miˌnɑt/ n
niezapominajka niezabudka
plant of the genus Myosotis

forgetful adj
zapominalski
liable to forget

forgetfulness /fəˈɡɛtfʊlnɪs/ n
amnezja niepamięć
proneness to let slip from the mind

forgettable adj
mało pamiętny słabo zapadający w pamięć
easily forgotten

forgivable adj
wybaczalny
able to be forgiven

forgive /fɔː(ɹ)ˈɡɪv/ /fə(ɹ)ˈɡɪv/ /fɚˈɡɪv/ v
przebaczyć przebaczać darować darowywać odpuszczać odpuścić
transitive, to pardon

forgiveness /fəˈɡɪvnəs/ /fɚˈɡɪvnəs/ n
przebaczenie wybaczenie odpuszczenie
the action of forgiving

forgotten /fəˈɡɒt.n̩/ /fəˈɡʌt.n̩/ /fɚˈɡɑt.n̩/ /fɚˈɡʌt.n̩/ adj
zapomniany
of which knowledge has been lost, which is no longer remembered

forint /ˈfɒ.ɹɪnt/ /ˈfɔ.ɹɪnt/ n
forint
unit of currency

fork /foɹk/ /fɔ(ː)ɹk/ /fɔːk/ [fo̞ɹk] n
jednoczesny atak widelec
chess: simultaneous attack
rozwidlenie
point where a waterway splits
rozwidlenie rozgałęzienie
intersection
widelec widełki
eating utensil
widły
pronged tool

fork /foɹk/ /fɔ(ː)ɹk/ /fɔːk/ [fo̞ɹk] v
rozwidlać się rozwidlić się
to divide into two or more branches

fork in the road n
rozdroże rozstaj
junction in which one road becomes two divergent roads

forked adj
rozwidlony
that splits

forklift n
wózek widłowy
small industrial vehicle

forkload n
gryz kęs

form /foɹm/ /fɔ(ː)ɹm/ /fɔːm/ [fo̞ɹm] n
forma
shape or visible structure
formularz blankiet
document to be filled in

formal /ˈfɔɹməl/ /ˈfɔːməl/ adj
formalny
being in accord with established forms
oficjalny formalny
official

formal language n
język formalny
set of finite strings

formaldehyde /fɔː(ɹ)ˈmældɪhaɪd/ n
aldehyd mrówkowy formaldehyd metanal
organic compound

formalism /ˈfɔɹml̩ˌɪzm̩/ /ˈfɔːməlɪz(ə)m/ n
formalizm
literature: structural approach to interpretation
strict adherence to a given form of conduct, practice, etc.

formalist /ˈfɔɹml̩ˌɪst/ n
formalista formalistka
advocate of formalism
overly formal person

formant /ˈfɔː(ɹ)mənt/ n
formant
band of frequencies
morpheme occuring as an affix to a root or stem

format /ˈfɔː(ɹ).mæt/ /ˈfɔːɹ.mæt/ n
format układ
layout of a document

format /ˈfɔː(ɹ).mæt/ /ˈfɔːɹ.mæt/ v
formatować
computing: prepare a mass storage medium for initial use
create or edit the layout of a document

formate /ˈfɔː(ɹ)meɪt/ n
mrówczan
salt or ester of formic acid

formation /foːˈmæɪ.ʃən/ /fɔɹˈmeɪ.ʃən/ /fɔːˈmeɪ.ʃən/ n
formacja
geology: rock or face of a mountain
military: arrangement of moving troops, ships, or aircraft
military: grouping of units under a command
process during which something comes into being and gains its characteristics
something possessing structure or form
formacja utworzenie
act of assembling a group or structure

former /ˈfɔɹmɚ/ /ˈfɔːmə/ adj
były
previous
pierwszy
first of aforementioned two items

former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia pn
Była Jugosłowiańska Republika Macedonii
provisional designation of the Republic of North Macedonia

formerly /ˈfɔɹmɚli/ /ˈfɔːməli/ /ˈfɔːmərli/ adv
na przodzie przedtem
at some time in the past

formicarium n
formikarium
vivarium used for the study of ants and ant colonies

formicivore n
mrówkożerca
organism that feeds on ants

formidable /fɔːɹˈmɪdəbəl/ /fɔːˈmɪdəbəl/ /fəˈmɪdəbəl/ /ˈfɔːɹmɪdəbəl/ adj
groźny
causing fear, dread, awe or admiration as a result of size, strength, or some other impressive quality

formless /ˈfɔːmləs/ adj
bezkształtny bezpostaciowy
without form

formlessly adv
bezkształtnie
in an amorphous manner

formlessness n
amorficzność bezkształt bezkształtność bezpostaciowość magmowatość
quality of being amorphous

formula /ˈfɔɹ.mjə.lə/ /ˈfɔː.mjʊ.lə/ n
wzór
in mathematics
wzór wzór chemiczny
in chemistry

formulate /ˈfɔː(ɹ)mjʊleɪt/ v
sformułować formułować
to reduce to, or express in, a formula; to put in a clear and definite form of statement or expression

formwise adv
pod względem formy

fornicate /ˈfɔɹ.nɪ.kət/ /ˈfɔɹ.nɪˌkeɪt/ /ˈfɔː.nɪ.kət/ /ˈfɔː.nɪˌkeɪt/ v
cudzołożyć
to engage in fornication

fornication /ˌfɔɹnɪˈkeɪʃən/ n
rozpusta
sexual intercourse considered illicit

fornix /ˈfɔː(ɹ).nɪks/ n
sklepienie
brain part

forsake /fɔɹˈseɪk/ /fɔːˈseɪk/ /fə-/ v
opuścić porzucić
to abandon, to give up, to leave (permanently), to renounce (someone or something)

forsooth /fɔɹˈsuθ/ adv
zaiste
indeed, truthfully, really

forsythia n
forsycja
shrub of genus Forsythia

fort /fo(ː)ɹt/ /foət/ /fɔɹt/ /fɔːt/ n
fort
any permanent army post
fortified defensive structure stationed with troops

forte /foɹt/ /fɔːt/ /ˈfoɹ.teɪ/ /ˈfoɹti/ /ˈfoːɹt/ /ˈfɔː(ɹ)t/ /ˈfɔːteɪ/ /ˈfɔːti/ n
mocna strona
strength or talent

forth /fo(ː)ɹθ/ /foəθ/ /fɔɹθ/ /fɔːθ/ adv
naprzód
forward in time, place or degree

forthwith /-ˈwɪθ/ /fɔɹθˈwɪθ/ /fɔːθˈwɪð/ /ˈfɔɹθˌwɪθ/ adv
niezwłocznie
without delay

forties n
lata 40. lata czterdzieste
the decade of the 1840s, 1940s etc

fortieth /ˈfɔɹ.ti.əθ/ /ˈfɔː.ti.əθ/ adj
czterdziesty
ordinal form of forty

fortification /ˌfɔː(ɹ)tɪfəˈkeɪʃən/ /ˌfɔː(ɹ)tɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/ n
fortyfikacja umocnienie
that which fortifies
the act of fortifying

fortified /ˈfɔɹtɪfaɪd/ /ˈfɔːtɪfaɪd/ adj
ufortyfikowany
used as adjective

fortify /ˈfɔɹtəˌfaɪ/ /ˈfɔːtɪfaɪ/ [-ɾə-] v
umocnić
to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position

fortitude /ˈfɔːtɪtjuːd/ n
hart
mental or emotional strength

fortnight /ˈfɔɹt.naɪt/ /ˈfɔɹt.nɪt/ /ˈfɔːt.naɪt/ n
dwa tygodnie
period of two weeks

fortnightly adj
dwutygodniowy
occurring once in a fortnight

fortnightly adv
co dwa tygodnie
once in a fortnight

fortnightly n
dwutygodnik
a publication issued fortnightly; a bi-weekly

fortochka /ˈfɔːtət͡ʃkə/ n
lufcik oberluft wietrznik wywietrzak wywietrznik
small ventilation window spanning the frame of a window

fortress /ˈfoɹ.tɹəs/ /ˈfoɹ.tɹɪs/ /ˈfɔ(ː)ɹ.tɹəs/ /ˈfɔː.tɹəs/ n
forteca twierdza warownia
fortified place

fortuitously adv
przypadkiem przypadkowo
in a fortuitous manner; in a manner of happening by chance; coincidentally; accidentally

fortunate /ˈfɔɹ.t͡ʃə.nət/ /ˈfɔɹ.t͡ʃə.nɪt/ /ˈfɔɹt͡ʃ.nət/ /ˈfɔɹt͡ʃ.nɪt/ /ˈfɔː.t͡ʃə.nət/ /ˈfɔː.t͡ʃə.nɪt/ adj
fortunny
coming by good luck or favorable chance

fortunately /ˈfɔɹt͡ʃənɪtli/ /ˈfɔːt͡ʃənɪtli/ adv
na szczęście
it is fortunate that
szczęśliwie
in a fortunate manner

fortune /-t͡ʃən/ /ˈfoɹt͡ʃun/ /ˈfɔːt͡ʃuːn/ n
fortuna
destiny
fortuna bogactwo zamożność
lots of riches
szczęście
good luck

fortune favors the bold proverb
śmiałym szczęście sprzyja
luck favors the adventurous

fortune-teller /-t͡ʃən ˈtɛlɚ/ /ˈfoɹt͡ʃun ˈtɛlɚ/ /ˈfɔːt͡ʃuːn ˈtɛlə/ n
wróż wróżbiarz wróżbita jasnowidz wróżka
person who professes to predict the future in return for money

forty /fɔːtiː/ /ˈfɔɹti/ [ˈfɑɹɾij] [ˈfɔɹɾi] numeral
czterdzieści
the cardinal number occurring after thirty-nine

forty-eight numeral
czterdzieści osiem
48

forty-five /ˌfɔɹtiˈfaɪv/ /ˌfɔːtiˈfaɪv/ numeral
czterdzieści pięć
45

forty-four numeral
czterdzieści cztery
44

forty-nine numeral
czterdzieści dziewięć
49

forty-one numeral
czterdzieści jeden
41

forty-seven numeral
czterdzieści siedem
47

forty-six numeral
czterdzieści sześć
46

forty-three numeral
czterdzieści trzy
43

forty-two numeral
czterdzieści dwa
Cardinal number

fortysomething n
czterdziestolatek czterdziestolatka
A person between 40 and 49 years in age

forum /ˈfoːɹəm/ /ˈfɔɹəm/ /ˈfɔːɹəm/ n
forum
Internet message board
form of discussion
gathering for the purpose of discussion
place for discussion

forum selection clause n
umowa dotycząca jurysdykcji umowa jurysdykcyjna
contractual clause for the place of legal dispute

forward /foːd/ /ˈfoʊ.wɚd/ /ˈfoːwəd/ /ˈfɔɹ.wɚd/ /ˈfɔɹɚd/ /ˈfɔː.wəd/ adv
do przodu naprzód
at, near or towards the front of something

forward /foːd/ /ˈfoʊ.wɚd/ /ˈfoːwəd/ /ˈfɔɹ.wɚd/ /ˈfɔɹɚd/ /ˈfɔː.wəd/ n
napastnik
player nearest to the opposing soccer team

forwarding n
wysyłka
The act by which something is forwarded.

fossa /ˈfuː.sə/ /ˈfɑ.sə/ /ˈfɒ.sə/ /ˈfɔ.sə/ /ˈfʊ.sə/ n
fossa
Cryptoprocta ferox

fossil /ˈfɑsl̩/ /ˈfɒsl̩/ n
skamieniałość
The mineralized remains of an animal or plant
anything extremely old, extinct, or outdated

fossil fuel n
paliwo kopalne
fuel

fossilize /ˈfɒs.ɪl.aɪz/ /ˈfɒsl̩aɪz/ v
kostnieć skostnieć
to become a fossil

fossilized adj
skostniały
in a state of fossilisation

foster child n
wychowanek wychowaniec wychowanica wychowanka
child in foster care

foster parent n
rodzic zastępczy
adult who cares for a child who has been placed in foster care

fougasse n
fugas
old-fashioned type of land mine

foul /faʊl/ n
faul
offence in sports

foul-mouthed adj
niewyparzony
of a user of bad language

foulmouth n
niewyparzona buzia niewyparzona gęba niewyparzona morda niewyparzony jęzor niewyparzony język niewyparzony pysk
one who uses obscene language

found /faʊnd/ v
budować stworzyć tworzyć zbudować
to begin building
zakładać założyć
to start an organization

foundation /faʊnˈdeɪʃən/ [faʊ̯nˈdeɪ̯ʃn̩] n
fundacja
endowed institution or charity
legacy constituting a permanent fund of charitable institution
fundament
that upon which anything is founded
lowest and supporting part or member of a wall
podkład
cosmetic cream
ufundowanie założenie
act of founding

founder /ˈfaʊn.də/ /ˈfaʊn.dɚ/ n
założyciel fundator założycielka fundatorka
one who founds, establishes, and erects; one who lays a foundation; an author

founder effect n
efekt założyciela
lessening of genetic variation when the entire population descends from a small number of founders

founding /ˈfaʊndɪŋ/ n
założenie
establishment of something

founding father n
ojciec założyciel
man who founded something

founding member n
państwo założycielskie
member of an organization that was involved in the organization's foundation

founding mother /ˌfaʊndɪŋ ˈmʌðə/ /ˌfaʊndɪŋ ˈmʌðɚ/ n
założycielka
woman who founded something

foundling n
znajda
abandoned child, left by its parent

foundry /ˈfaʊn.dɹi/ n
odlewnia gisernia
facility that melts metals

fountain /ˈfaʊn.tn̩/ [ˈfaʊn.ʔn̩] n
fontanna wodotrysk
artificial water feature

fountain of youth n
fontanna młodości
anything reputed to have the power to restore health and vitality

fountain pen n
wieczne pióro pióro
pen containing a reservoir of ink

four /fo(ː)ɹ/ /foə/ /foʊ/ /foː/ /fɔɹ/ /fɔː/ n
czterolatek czterolatka
four years old
czwórka cztery
digit or figure 4

four /fo(ː)ɹ/ /foə/ /foʊ/ /foː/ /fɔɹ/ /fɔː/ numeral
cztery czworo
the cardinal number 4
czwórka
describing set or group with four components

four hundred /ˈfoʊɹ ˈhʌn.dɹəd/ /ˈfɔː ˈhʌn.dɹəd/ /ˈfɔː ˈhʌn.dɹɪd/ /ˈfɔːɹ ˈhʌn.dɹɪd/ numeral
czterysta
cardinal number 400

four o'clock n
czwarta
the start of the fifth hour

four of a kind n
kareta
four cards of the same rank

four thousand numeral
cztery tysiące
4,000

four-eyes n
okularnica okularnik sowa
(derogatory) person who wears spectacles

four-leaf clover /ˈfɔɹˈliːfˈkloʊ.vɚ/ n
czterolistna koniczyna
clover with four leaves

four-legged /fɔː(ɹ)ˈlɛɡɪd/ /ˈfɔː(ɹ)lɛɡd/ adj
czteronogi czteronożny czworonogi czworonożny
having four legs

four-poster n
łóżko z baldachimem
four-poster bed

four-stroke engine n
silnik czterosuwowy czterosuw czterotakt
four-stroke engine

four-wheeled adj
czterokołowy
having four wheels

fourhorn sculpin n
kur czterorogi kur rogacz
a species of fish

foursome n
czworo czwórka
group of four
czworokąt
sex act between four people

fourteen /ˈfɔɹ.tin/ /ˈfɔː.tiːn/ /ˌfɔɹtˈtin/ /ˌfɔːˈtiːn/ numeral
czternaście czternaścioro
cardinal number

fourteenth /ˌfɔɹˈtiːnθ/ /ˌfɔːˈtiːnθ/ adj
czternasty
ordinal form of the number fourteen

fourth /fo(ː)ɹθ/ /foəθ/ /fɔɹθ/ /fɔːθ/ adj
czwarty
ordinal form of the number four

fourth dimension n
czwarty wymiar
translations

fourth estate n
czwarta władza
press

fourth wall n
czwarta ściana
boundary between fiction and audience

fourthly adv
po czwarte
in the fourth place

fowl /faʊl/ n
drób
bird of the order Galliformes
ptactwo
birds which are hunted or kept for food

fowler /ˈfaʊlə(ɹ)/ n
ptasznik
a hunter of wildfowl

fox /fɑks/ /fɒks/ n
lis lisica liszka
Vulpes

fox cub n
lisię
young fox

fox in the henhouse n
lis w kurniku
someone untrustworthy placed in a position of trust

fox moth n
barczatka malinówka
Macrothylacia rubi

fox terrier n
foksterier
dog breeds

foxglove n
naparstnica
plant of the genus Digitalis

foxhole n
okop rów
small pit dug into the ground as a shelter

foxtail n
lisi ogon
tail of a fox

foxtail barley n
jęczmień grzywiasty
Hordeum jubatum

foxtail millet n
ber proso włoskie włośnica ber
Setaria italica

foxtrot /ˈfɒkstɹɒt/ n
fokstrot
a ballroom dance

foxy /ˈfɑksi/ /ˈfɒksi/ adj
lisi
having the qualities of a fox

foyer /fɔɪˈeɪ/ /ˈfoɪ.ə/ /ˈfɔɪ.eɪ/ /ˈfɔɪ.ɝ/ n
foyer
lobby, corridor, or waiting room

frabjous /ˈfɹæbd͡ʒəs/ adj
elegancki
fabulous, joyous

fracas /fɹəˈkɑː/ /fɹəˈkɑːz/ /ˈfɹeɪkəs/ /ˈfɹækɑː/ /ˈfɹækɑːz/ /ˈfɹækəs/ n
awantura
a noisy disorderly quarrel

fractal /ˈfɹæk.təl/ adj
fraktalny
having the form of a fractal

fractal /ˈfɹæk.təl/ n
fraktal
self-similar geometric figure

fraction /ˈfɹæk.ʃən/ n
ułamek
arithmetic: ratio
ułamek cząstka
part of a whole

fraction bar n
kreska ułamkowa
line separating numerator from denominator

fractional reserve banking n
bankowość rezerwy cząstkowej system rezerwy cząstkowej
mode of banking

fracture /ˈfɹæk.tjə/ /ˈfɹæk.t͡ʃə/ n
złamanie pęknięcie
act of breaking, or something broken

fragile /ˈfɹædʒaɪl/ /ˈfɹæd͡ʒəl/ adj
kruchy
easily broken or destroyed

fragment /fɹæɡˈmɛnt/ /ˈfɹæɡmənt/ /ˈfɹæɡmɛnt/ n
fragment odłamek ułamek
portion or segment of an object

fragmentation n
fragmentacja
act of fragmenting or something fragmented; disintegration

fragrance /ˈfɹeɪɡɹəns/ n
zapach woń
pleasant smell or odour

fragrant /ˈfɹeɪ.ɡɹənt/ adj
pachnący wonny
sweet-smelling

frail /fɹeɪl/ adj
arcydelikatny wątły
easily broken physically

frailly adv
arcydelikatnie

frame /fɹeɪm/ n
kadr klatka ramka
piece of photographic film containing an image
rama
rigid, generally rectangular mounting
structural elements of a building or other constructed object
ramka rama
chunk of data

frame /fɹeɪm/ v
komponować
position visually within a fixed boundary
oprawiać
add a decorative border to a picture
wrabiać
cause a person to appear guilty

frame lock n
nóż frame lock
folding knife or other tool

frame of reference n
układ odniesienia
physics: set of axes
set of assumptions, ideas and standards

frame per second n
klatka na sekundę
put together the structural elements

frame rate n
częstotliwość odświeżania klatkaż
measurement of how quickly an imaging device can produce frames

framework /ˈfɹeɪm.wɜːk/ /ˈfɹeɪm.wɝk/ /ˈfɹæɪm.wɜːk/ n
szkielet
the arrangement of support beams that represent a buildings general shape and size

framework directive n
ramowa dyrektywa
framework directive

franc /fɹæŋk/ n
frank
any of several units of currency
former currency of France and Belgium

franchisal adj
ajencyjny

franchise /ˈfɹænt͡ʃaɪ̯z/ n
ajencja franczyza
authorization granted by a company to sell or distribute its goods or services in a certain area

franchising n
franczyza
the establishment, granting, or use of a franchise

francium /ˈfɹansɪəm/ /ˈfɹænsi.əm/ /ˈfɹɑːnsɪəm/ n
frans
chemical element

francolin /ˈfɹæŋkəlɪn/ n
frankolin
partridge

frank /fɹeɪŋk/ /fɹæŋk/ adj
otwarty szczery
bluntly honest

frankly /ˈfɹæŋkli/ adv
szczerze
(sentence adverb) In truth, to tell the truth
szczerze bez ogródek
in a frank, open or (too) honest manner

fraternal /fɹəˈtɝnəl/ adj
braterski
of or pertaining brothers

fraternal nephew n
bratanek
brother's son

fraternal niece n
bratanica
brother's daughter

fraternally adv
bratersko
in a fraternal manner

fraternity /fɹəˈtɜː(ɹ)nəti/ n
bractwo
group of people associated for a common purpose
braterstwo fraternia
the quality of being brothers
korporacja
social organization of male students

fraternization n
fraternizacja bratanie się
act of fraternizing

fraternize /ˈfɹætənɑɪz/ /ˈfɹætɚnɑɪz/ v
bratać się zbratać się
to associate with others in a brotherly manner

fratricidal adj
bratobójczy
of or pertaining to fratricide

fratricide n
bratobójstwo
killing of one's sibling
bratobójca bratobójczyni
person who commits fratricide

fraud /fɹɑd/ /fɹɔd/ /fɹɔːd/ n
oszust oszustka szachraj szachrajka szalbierz
one who performs fraud
oszustwo wyłudzenie
an act of deception

fraudulent /ˈfɹɑ.d͡ʒə.lənt/ /ˈfɹɑd͡ʒ.lənt/ /ˈfɹɔ.d͡ʒə.lənt/ /ˈfɹɔː.djə.lənt/ /ˈfɹɔː.djʊ.lənt/ /ˈfɹɔː.dʒə.lənt/ /ˈfɹɔː.dʒʊ.lənt/ /ˈfɹɔːdʒ.lənt/ adj
fałszywy
false; phony
oszukańczy
dishonest; based on fraud or deception

frazil /-zɪl/ /ˈfreɪzəl/ /ˈfræzəl/ n
śryż
a collection of stray ice crystals that form in fast-moving water

freak of nature n
wybryk natury
a person or an animal in the variety-show business
monstrosity

freak show n
dziwoląg
freak show

freckle /ˈfɹɛkəl/ n
pieg
small pigmentation spot on the skin

freckled /ˈfɹɛkəld/ adj
piegowaty
having freckles

freckleface n
piegowata piegowaty piegus pieguska
a person with many freckles

free /fɹiː/ [fɹɪi̯] adj
wolny
software: with very few limitations on distribution or improvement
without obligations
not in use
mathematics: unconstrained
wolny bez
without
wolny swobodny
not imprisoned
unconstrained
unobstructed

free /fɹiː/ [fɹɪi̯] adv
za darmo bezpłatnie
without needing to pay

free /fɹiː/ [fɹɪi̯] v
uwolnić oswabadzać oswobodzić uwalniać wyzwalać wyzwolić
to make free, set at liberty

free as a bird adj
wolny jak ptak
completely free

free electron n
elektron swobodny

free enterprise n
wolna przedsiębiorczość
economic system

free indirect speech n
mowa pozornie zależna
indirect speech imitating direct speech

free kick n
rzut wolny
kick played without interference of opposition

free love n
wolna miłość
practice of sexual intercourse without the restraints of marriage or commitment

free market /ˈfɹi ˈmɑɹkət/ /ˌfɹi ˈmɑɹkət/ n
wolny rynek
competitive market where buyers and sellers can operate without restrictions

free morpheme n
morfem leksykalny
type of morpheme

free of charge adj
bezpłatny gratisowy darmowy gratis
not requiring any payment - adjective

free period n
okienko
a school period in which a student has free time, i.e., is not enrolled in a class

free port n
port wolnocłowy wolny port
port with relaxed customs

free rein n
wolna ręka
the absence of constraints

free rider n
pasożyt
(economics) one who obtains benefit from a public good without paying for it directly

free software n
wolne oprogramowanie
software that can be freely copied and modified

free speech /fɹiː ˈspiːtʃ/ n
wolność słowa
right to express an opinion in public

free spirit n
wolny duch
nonconformist

free time n
laba czas wolny wolne
time when one is not working

free trade /ˈfɹi ˈtreɪd/ /ˌfɹi ˈtreɪd/ n
wolny handel
trade free from government interference

free trader n
zwolennik wolnego handlu

free up v
oswobodzić
to make (space or time) available

free verse n
wiersz wolny
poetic form

free will n
wolna wola
ability to choose one's actions

free world n
wolny świat
collectively, all the countries that have democratic or capitalistic governments, as opposed to dictatorships or communist states

free zone n
strefa wolnocłowa
duty-free area

free-diver n
freediver

free-diving n
freediving nurkowanie swobodne
any of various aquatic disciplines

freedman n
wyzwoleniec
man who has been released from slavery

freedom /ˈfɹidəm/ /ˈfɹiːdəm/ n
wolność swoboda
state of not being imprisoned or enslaved
lack of a specific constraint

freedom fighter n
bojownik o wolność
fighter

freedom of association n
wolność zrzeszania się
right

freedom of conscience n
wolność sumienia

freedom of movement /fɹiː.dəm.əv.muːv.mənt/ n
swoboda poruszania się
the right of a citizen to travel within a state, and to leave and return to that state

freedom of panorama n
wolność panoramy
provision in copyright law

freedom of religion /ˈfɹiː.dəm əv ɹɪˈlɪ.dʒən/ n
wolność wyznania
the right to hold any religious beliefs

freedom of thought n
wolność myśli

freedwoman n
wyzwolenica
woman who has been released from slavery

freehand adj
odręczny

freelancer /ˈfɹiːlænsə(ɹ)/ /ˈfɹiːlɑːnsə(ɹ)/ n
freelancer
who freelances

freeloader /ˈfɹiloʊdɚ/ /ˈfɹiːləʊdə(ɹ)/ n
pasożyt sęp
one who does not contribute or pay appropriately

freely /ˈfɹili/ /ˈfɹiːli/ adv
swobodnie
in a free manner

freemium n
freemium

freesia /ˈfɹi.ʒə/ n
frezja
plant

freestanding adj
niezależny osobny samodzielny wolno stojący
standing or set apart

freestyle /ˈfɹiːˌstaɪl/ n
freestyle fristajl
form of rapping

freestyle /ˈfɹiːˌstaɪl/ v
freestyle'ować fristajlować
to ad-lib in rap music

freestyler n
freestyle'owiec fristajlowiec
A rapper who freestyles
Someone who competes in a freestyle sport such as freestyle skating or freestyle swimming

freethinker n
wolnomyśliciel wolnomyślicielka
person who has formed his or her opinions using reason and rational enquiry

freethinking n
wolnomyślicielstwo
free thought

freeware n
freeware
free of charge software

freewheel n
wolnobieg
device

freeze /ˈfɹiːz/ n
mróz
period of cold

freeze /ˈfɹiːz/ v
marznąć zamarznąć
to be affected by cold
zamarzać zamarznąć
to become solid due to low temperature
zamrozić mrozić zamrażać
to lower something's temperature to freezing point
zastygnąć w bezruchu
to become motionless

freeze over v
skuwać się skuć się

freezer /fɹiːzə/ n
zamrażarka
stand-alone appliance
part of a refrigerator

freezing /ˈfɹiːz.ɪŋ/ adj
lodowaty
very cold

freezing rain n
marznący deszcz
rain which freezes upon contact with the ground

freight /fɹeɪt/ n
fracht
goods or items in transport
payment for transportation
transportation of goods

french fries n
frytki
deep fried strips of potato

frenetic /fɹəˈnɛt.ɪk/ /ˈfɹɛ.nɪt.ɪk/ adj
szaleńczy szalony
fast, frantic, harried, or frenzied

frenulum /ˈfriː.njʊl.əm/ /ˈfrɛn.jəl.əm/ n
wędzidełko
small fold of tissue

frenzy /ˈfɹɛnzi/ n
amok szał
state of wild activity or panic

freon n
freon
non-flammable refrigerant

frequency /ˈfɹiːkwənsi/ n
częstotliwość
number of occurrences divided by time
częstotliwość częstość
rate of occurrence of anything
częstość częstotliwość
property of occurring often rather than infrequently

frequency list n
lista frekwencyjna

frequency modulation n
modulacja częstotliwości
use of a modulating wave

frequency-shift keying n
kluczowanie częstotliwości modulacja FSK
form of frequency modulation

frequent /ˈfɹiː.kwənt/ adj
częsty
done or occurring often

frequent /fɹɪˈkwɛnt/ v
bywać uczęszczać
to visit often

frequentative /fɹɪˈkwɛntətɪv/ adj
częstotliwy
serving to express the frequent repetition of an action

frequentative /fɹɪˈkwɛntətɪv/ n
forma częstotliwa
subclass of imperfective verbs that denotes a continuously repeated action

frequently /ˈfɹiː.kwənt.li/ adv
często
at frequent intervals

frequently asked questions n
często zadawane pytania
online document

fresco /ˈfɹɛskoʊ/ /ˈfɹɛskəʊ/ n
al fresco fresk
technique used to make such an artwork
fresk al fresco
artwork made by applying water-based pigment to wet or fresh lime mortar or plaster

fresh /fɹɛʃ/ adj
słodki
without salt
świeży
new or clean
of produce, not from storage
refreshing or cool

fresh air n
świeże powietrze
clean air from outside

fresh as a daisy adj
rześki wyspany

fresh start /fɹɛʃ ˈstɑɹt/ /fɹɛʃ ˈstɑːt/ n
nowy początek
new beginning, without prejudices

fresh water n
słodka woda
water with little salt

freshet /ˈfɹɛʃɪt/ n
podtopienie
A flood resulting from heavy rain or a spring thaw

freshman /ˈfɹɛʃmən/ n
nowicjusz
novice; one in the rudiments of knowledge
pierwszak
a person of either sex entering the first year of an institution

freshness /ˈfɹɛʃnəs/ n
świeżość
freshness

freshwater adj
słodkowodny
consisting of fresh water
living in fresh water

fret /fɹɛt/ n
próg bont
one of the pieces of metal, etc., across the neck of a guitar or other string instrument

fret /fɹɛt/ v
martwić się niepokoić się
to chafe or irritate; to worry
pożerać pożreć
to consume, devour
wygryzać wyjadać
to gnaw, consume, eat away

fretsaw n
laubzega wyrzynarka
saw

friable /ˈfɹaɪəbl̩/ adj
kruchy sypki
easily broken into small fragments, crumbled, or reduced to powder

friar /ˈfɹaɪə/ /ˈfɹaɪɚ/ n
zakonnik brat
member of certain Christian orders

fricassee /fɹɪ.kəˈsiː/ /ˈfɹɪ.kəˌseɪ/ /ˈfɹɪ.kəˌsi/ n
frykas
meat or poultry cut into small pieces, stewed or fried and served in its own gravy

fricative /ˈfɹɪkətɪv/ adj
frykatywny szczelinowy trący
produced by air flowing through a restriction in the oral cavity

friction /ˈfɹɪkʃən̩/ n
tarcie
(physics) A force that resists the relative motion or tendency to such motion of two bodies in contact
The rubbing of one object or surface against another

frictional adj
frykcyjny

fridge /fɹɪd͡ʒ/ n
lodówka
refrigerator

fridge-freezer n
lodówko-zamrażarka
An appliance consisting of a fridge and a freezer

fried /fɹaɪd/ adj
sadzony
of an egg: cooked by frying without breaking the yolk
smażony
cooked by frying

fried chicken n
smażony kurczak
meat of chicken cut into pieces and deep-fried

fried egg n
jajko sadzone
egg that has been shallow fried

friend /frɪnd/ /fɹɛnd/ [fɹ̥ɛnd̥] n
kolego koleżanko przyjacielu przyjaciółko
(sarcastic) form of address used to warn someone
przyjaciel druh przyjaciółka
person whose company one enjoys
sympatia przyjaciel
boyfriend or girlfriend
znajoma znajomy
person with whom you are acquainted

friend /frɪnd/ /fɹɛnd/ [fɹ̥ɛnd̥] v
dodać do znajomych
to add as a friend
przyjaźnić się
to act as the friend of

friend request n
zaproszenie
friend request

friend with benefits n
przyjaciel z bonusami przyjaciel z bonusem przyjaciółka z bonusami przyjaciółka z bonusem
friend with whom one has a casual sexual relationship

friend zone /ˈfɹɛnd zoʊn/ /ˈfɹɛnd zəʊn/ n
friendzone
situation

friend zone /ˈfɹɛnd zoʊn/ /ˈfɹɛnd zəʊn/ v
friendzonować
to classify as a friend with no possibility of a romantic relationship

friendly /ˈfɹɛn.li/ /ˈfɹɛnd.li/ adj
przyjazny
pertaining to friendlies in the conflict sense
przyjazny przyjacielski
characteristic of friendliness
przyjazny przyjacielski życzliwy
approachable, warm

friendly /ˈfɹɛn.li/ /ˈfɹɛnd.li/ adv
przyjaźnie
in a friendly manner

friendly fire /ˌfɹɛnd.liˈfaɪ.ə(ɹ)/ n
przyjacielski ogień
fire from allied or friendly forces

friends in high places n
mocne plecy

friendship /ˈfɹɛn(d)ʃɪp/ n
przyjaźń drużba
(uncountable) condition of being friends
(countable) friendly relationship

frieze /ˈfɹiːz/ n
fryz
sculptured or richly ornamented band
architecture: space between architrave and cornice

frigate /ˈfɹɪɡ.ət/ n
fregata
modern type of warship
type of sailing warship used for patrolling
type of warship combining sail and steam

frigatebird /ˈfɹɪ.ɡətˌbɝd/ n
fregata
bird of the family Fregatidae

fright /fɹaɪt/ /fɹʌit/ n
przestrach
A state of terror excited by the sudden appearance of danger

frighten /ˈfɹaɪ.tən/ [ˈfɹ̥aɪtn̩] [ˈfɹ̥aɪʔn̩] v
straszyć przestraszyć nastraszyć
to disturb with fear

frightening /ˈfɹaɪtnɪŋ/ /ˈfɹaɪtənɪŋ/ adj
okropny straszny
awful
przerażający
scary

frightful /ˈfɹaɪtfəl/ adj
okropny straszny

frikadelle /fɹɪkəˈdɛlə/ n
kotlet mielony
meatball of North European origin

frill /fɹɪl/ n
falbanka
pleated material used as decoration
kryza
zoology

fringe /fɹɪnd͡ʒ/ n
frędzel
decorative border
grzywka
hanging hair over the forehead
ubocze
the periphery of a city

friseur n
fryzjer fryzjerka
a hairdresser

frisk /fɹɪsk/ v
rewidować zrewidować
to search somebody by feeling their clothes

frisson /fɹiˈsoʊn/ /fɹiˈsõʊn/ /ˈfɹiː.sɔ̃ː/ n
dreszcz
a shiver

frit /fɹɪt/ n
fryta
fused mixture of materials

fritillary n
szachownica
plant of genus Fritillaria

frittata /fɹiˈtɑtə/ n
frittata
omelette

frivolous /ˈfɹɪv.əl.əs/ adj
bezmyślny
silly; especially at an inappropriate time or in an inappropriate manner
błahy
of little weight or importance; not worth notice

frizz /fɹɪz/ n
baranek
mass of hair

frizzy /ˈfɹɪzi/ adj
kędzierzawy
formed of a mass of small, tight, wiry curls

frock coat n
surdut
coat with long skirts

frog /fɹɑɡ/ /fɹɒɡ/ /fɹɔɡ/ n
strzałka
organ in a horse’s foot
żaba
amphibian
żabojad
French person

frog in one's throat n
mieć chrypkę
hoarseness (idiomatic)

frog jump n
żabka

frog legs n
żabie udka
hind legs of frog as food

frog's-eye view n
z żabiej perspektywy
point of view from the ground or from within a system

froglike adj
żabi
similar to a frog

froglike adv
żabio
in a froglike way

frogman n
płetwonurek
diver

frogmouth n
paszczak
bird of the family Podargidae

frogspawn n
skrzek
frogs' eggs

frolic /ˈfɹɑlɪk/ /ˈfɹɒlɪk/ v
baraszkować dokazywać figlować swawolić
behave playfully and uninhibitedly

from /fɹɒm/ /fɹəm/ /fɹʌm/ preposition
od
with the separation, exclusion or differentiation of
z
with the origin, starting point or initial reference of or at
z od
with the source or provenance of or at

from A to Z
od A do Z od a do zet
completely

from cover to cover adv
od deski do deski od dechy do dechy
from the first page to the last page

from dawn to dusk
od świtu do zmierzchu
from sunset to sunrise

from day to day adv
z dnia na dzień
focusing on one day at a time

from dusk to dawn
od zmierzchu do świtu
from sunset to sunrise

from father to son adv
z ojca na syna
passed down from a father to his son

from hell
z piekła rodem
exceptionally bad

from now on adv
od teraz
from now, indefinitely

from pillar to post adv
od Annasza do Kajfasza
from one place to another

from scratch
od nowa od początku od zera
from the beginning

from the bottom of one's heart
z głębi serca
in earnest, with one's full feelings

from the cradle to the grave
od żłobka do nagrobka

from the start
od początku

from time to time
od czasu do czasu raz na jakiś czas
occasionally

fromagerie n
fromażeria
cheese store

front /fɹʌnt/ adj
przedni
located at or near the front

front /fɹʌnt/ n
front
military: area or line of conflict
przykrywka
public face of covert organisation
przód front
facing side

front door n
drzwi frontowe drzwi wejściowe
main entrance

front line n
linia walki
military boundary between opposing positions

front vowel n
samogłoska przednia
any vowel sound produced in the front of the mouth

front yard n
ogród z przodu domu
area with greenery to the front of the house

frontage n
fronton
the front part of a property

frontager n
adiacent

frontal /ˈfɹʌn.l̩/ /ˈfɹʌn.tl̩/ /ˈfɹʌn.təl/ adj
czołowy
of or relating to the forehead or frontal bone

frontal lobe n
płat czołowy
division of cerebrum

frontflip n
salto na przód
act of rotating

frontier /fɹɑnˈtɪɹ/ /fɹɒnˈtɪə/ /fɹʌnˈtɪə/ /fɹʌnˈtɪɹ/ /ˈfɹɒntjə/ /ˈfɹɒntɪə/ /ˈfɹʌntjə/ /ˈfɹʌntɪə/ /ˈfɹʌnt͡ʃə/ n
granica
part of a country that fronts or faces another country or an unsettled region

frontispiece /ˈfɹɑn.tɪsˌpis/ /ˈfɹɒn.tɪsˌpiːs/ /ˈfɹʌn.tɪsˌpis/ /ˈfɹʌn.tɪsˌpiːs/ n
frontyspis
publishing: illustration

fronton n
fronton przyczółek
a court used for Basque pelota

frost /fɹɑst/ /fɹɒst/ /fɹɔst/ n
mróz
cold weather that would cause frost
mróz szron
cover of minute ice crystals

frost /fɹɑst/ /fɹɒst/ /fɹɔst/ v
lukrować polukrować
to coat with icing
oszronić
to become covered with frost

frostbite n
odmrożenie
the freezing of some part of the body

frostbite v
odmrażać odmrozić
to expose to the effect of frost

frostbitten adj
odmrożony
affected by frostbite

frosting /ˈfɹɒst.ɪŋ/ n
szron
a layer of frost

frostless adj
bezmroźny

frosty /ˈfɹɑs-/ /ˈfɹɒsti/ /ˈfɹɔsti/ adj
lodowaty
having an aloof or inhospitable manner
mroźny
cold, chilly
oszroniony
having frost on it

froth /fɹɑθ/ /fɹɒθ/ /fɹɔθ/ n
bicie piany
unimportant events or actions
piana
foam

froth /fɹɑθ/ /fɹɒθ/ /fɹɔθ/ v
spienić toczyć pianę
To create froth

froth at the mouth /ˈfɹɒθ ət ðə ˈmaʊθ/ /ˈfɹɔθ ət ðə ˈmaʊθ/ v
mieć pianę na ustach
rage

frother n
spieniacz spieniarka
a machine that generates froth

frown /fɹaʊn/ n
zmarszczenie brwi
wrinkling of the forehead

frown /fɹaʊn/ v
marszczyć brwi zmarszczyć brwi
to have a frown on one's face

frowst /fɹaʊst/ n
stęchlizna zaduch
stuffiness; stifling warmth in a room

frowst /fɹaʊst/ v
schować się (w bezpiecznym, ciepłym miejscu)
to enjoy a warm, stuffy room

frozen /ˈfɹəʊzən/ adj
zamrożony
having undergone freezing

frozen food n
mrożonki
food that is frozen

fructify /ˈfɹʌktɪfaɪ/ v
owocować obradzać obrodzić zaowocować
to bear fruit

fructose /ˈfɹuk.toʊs/ /ˈfɹʊk.toʊs/ /ˈfɹʊk.təʊz/ /ˈfɹʌk.toʊs/ /ˈfɹʌk.təʊz/ n
fruktoza
monosaccharide ketose sugar

frugal /ˈfɹuːɡəl/ adj
oszczędny
economical, avoiding waste, thrifty

frugivorous adj
owocożerny
having a diet that consists mostly of fruit

fruit /fɹut/ /fɹuːt/ n
owoc
part of plant
food
figuratively: positive end result or reward of labour or effort
figuratively: child of a marriage

fruit bowl n
owocarka
bowl for fruit

fruit dove n
owocożer
dove in the genus Ptilinopus

fruit fly n
drozofila muszka owocowa muszka owocówka octówka wywilżanka wywilżna
Drosophilidae
Tephritidae

fruit juice n
sok owocowy
juice of fruit

fruit salad n
sałatka owocowa
salad made of fruit

fruit tree n
drzewo owocowe
a tree that bears a crop of edible fruit on a regular basis

fruitcake /ˈfɹuːt.keɪk/ n
keks
cake

fruitful /ˈfɹuːtfəl/ adj
owocny
productive, yielding benefits

fruiting body n
karpofor
fungal structure

fruitless /ˈfɹutləs/ /ˈfɹuːtləs/ adj
bezpłodny bezowocny próżny
unproductive; useless

fruitlessly adv
bezowocnie
in a fruitless manner

fruitlessness n
bezowocność bezpłodność
fruitlessness

frumentaceous adj
zbożowy
resembling or pertaining to grain, especially wheat

frustrate /fɹəˈstɹeɪt/ /ˈfɹʌsˌtɹeɪt/ v
frustrować sfrustrować
to disappoint or defeat
krzyżować plany pokrzyżować plany
to hinder

frustration /fɹəˈstɹeɪ.ʃən/ /fɹʌsˈtɹeɪ.ʃən/ n
frustracja
feeling of annoyance
act of frustrating

fry /fɹaɪ/ n
frytka
fried potato
narybek zarybek
young fish

fry /fɹaɪ/ v
prażyć się smażyć się
suffer because of too much heat
smażyć się
(intransitive) cook in hot fat or oil
smażyć usmażyć
to cook (something) in hot fat or oil

frying pan n
patelnia
long-handled, shallow pan used for frying food

fubsy /ˈfʌb.sɪ/ adj
przysadzisty
short and stout; low and wide

fuchsia /ˈfjuːʃə/ /ˈfuːksi.ə/ n
fuksja
plant

fuck /fʊk/ /fʌk/ [fʌkʰ] interjection
kurwa ja pierdolę! niech to chuj! o w kurwę!
expression of dismay or discontent

fuck /fʊk/ /fʌk/ [fʌkʰ] n
jebanie pieprzenie pierdolenie ruchanie
an act of sexual intercourse
pojeb pojebaniec zjeb
highly contemptible person

fuck /fʊk/ /fʌk/ [fʌkʰ] v
ruchać pierdolić jebać pieprzyć
to have sexual intercourse—obscene or vulgar
wjebać się
to put in an extremely difficult or impossible situation

fuck all /ˌfʌk ˈɔːl/ pronoun
chuj gówno
nothing at all or very little

fuck around v
opierdalać się
to procrastinate

fuck buddy n
fuckfriend kolega do pierdolenia koleżanka do pierdolenia
vulgar term for a sex partner without emotional attachment

fuck it interjection
chuj z tym jebać to pieprzyć to

fuck knows phraseologicalUnit
chuj wie
it is unclear

fuck like rabbits v
jebać się jak króliki
have copious amounts of sex

fuck off interjection
idź w chuj! idź w pizdu! odjeb się! odpierdol się! odwal się! spadaj!
go away!
nie pierdol pierdolisz
expression of disagreement or disbelief

fuck off v
spierdalać odpieprzyć się odpierdolić się
go to hell, disappear, screw oneself

fuck this interjection
chuj z tym jebać to pieprzyć to

fuck up /ˈfʌkˌʌp/ /ˌfʌkˈʌp/ v
nawalić zjebać
to make a mistake, to go wrong
rozjebać rozpierdolić
to injure or damage
spieprzyć rozkurwić spierdolić uwalić zjebać
to botch or make a mess of

fuck you phraseologicalUnit
chuj ci w dupę spieprzaj spierdalaj chrzań się chuj ci w oko! idź w pizdu!
fuck you

fuckable /ˈfʌkəbl̩/ adj
ruchable
sexually attractive

fucked in the head adj
jebnięty pierdolnięty
(slang, vulgar) not quite right mentally: perverted, stupid, or mentally ill

fucked up /ˌfʌktˈʌp/ adv
najebany ujebany
drunk
pojebany rozjebany
in disarray or dishevelment
posrany
reprehensible
rozjebany rozpierdolony spierdolony zjebany
damaged

fucker /ˈfʌk.ə(ɹ)/ n
chuj dupek
one who fucks

fuckfest n
grupowe jebanie grupowe ruchanie
an orgy, an orgiastic party

fucking /ˈfʌkɪn/ /ˈfʌkɪŋ/ adj
cholerny jebany kurewski pierdolony zasrany
as an intensifier
kurewski jebany pierdolony
offensive or worthless

fucking /ˈfʌkɪn/ /ˈfʌkɪŋ/ adv
kurwa
an intensifier

fucking /ˈfʌkɪn/ /ˈfʌkɪŋ/ n
bzykanie jebanie pieprzenie pierdolenie posuwanie ruchanie
an act of sexual intercourse

fucking hell interjection
do kurwy nędzy ja pierdolę jasny chuj
an exclamation of great surprise (vulgar)
do kurwy nędzy ja pierdolę jasny chuj kurwa mać
an exclamation of anger (vulgar)

fuckton /ˈfʌktʌn/ n
pierdyliard
large amount

fuckup /ˈfʌkʌp/ n
nieogar pierdoła zjeb
person making mistakes
pajac popierdółka zjeb
ineffective person
porażka
serious mistake

fuckwit n
pojeb popierdoleniec szajbus zjeb
a very stupid person

fuddle /ˈfʌdəl/ n
bajzel
confusion

fudge /fʌd͡ʒ/ n
krówka
a very sweet confection

fuel /ˈfjuːl/ /ˈfjuːəl/ /ˈfjʊəl/ [ˈfjuwəɫ] n
paliwo
substance consumed to provide energy

fuel /ˈfjuːl/ /ˈfjuːəl/ /ˈfjʊəl/ [ˈfjuwəɫ] v
tankować
to provide with fuel

fuel cell /ˈfjuː(ə)l sɛl/ n
ogniwo paliwowe
electrochemical device

fuel tank n
zbiornik paliwa
a container of fuel

fugitive /ˈfjuːd͡ʒɪtɪv/ adj
ulotny
elusive or difficult to retain

fugitive /ˈfjuːd͡ʒɪtɪv/ n
zbieg uciekinier uciekinierka
a person who is fleeing or escaping from something

fugly /ˈfʌɡ.li/ adj
syfny
extremely ugly

fugue /ˈfjuːɡ/ n
fuga
piece of music

fulcrum /ˈfʊlk.ɹəm/ /ˈfʌlk.ɹəm/ n
punkt podparcia
support about which a lever pivots

fulfill /fəˈfɪl/ /fʊlˈfɪl/ v
spełniać wypełniać
to carry out

fulfilling adj
zadowalający
which causes fulfillment

fuliginous /fjuːˈlɪ.d͡ʒɪ.nəs/ adj
sadzowaty
pertaining to or resembling soot

full /fʊl/ [fʊɫ] adj
pełny
containing the maximum possible amount
complete
pełny cały
total, entire
syty
satisfied, in relation to eating

full /fʊl/ [fʊɫ] n
pełnia
utmost measure or extent

full /fʊl/ [fʊɫ] v
folować
to make cloth denser

full board n
pełne wyżywienie
hotel rate

full house n
ful
three of a kind and a pair
maximum capacity

full moon n
księżyc w pełni pełnia
the moon when in opposition to sun
pełnia
phase of moon when in opposition to sun

full of the joys of spring adj
cały w skowronkach
very cheerful

full screen adj
pełny ekran
occupying all the available displayable surface

full speed ahead adj
cała naprzód całą parą pełną parą
idiom, maximum effort
nautical

full stop /ˌfʊl ˈstɒp/ n
kropka
The punctuation mark “.”

full throttle adv
do końca do oporu
all out

full-blooded adj
czystej krwi pełnokrwisty
of purebred ancestry

full-bodied adj
treściwy
having a rich flavor

full-length adj
nieskracany pełnometrażowy
not shortened; complete and uncut
pokazujący całe ciało
(arts) representing the full height of the body

full-time adj
pełnoetatowy
Involving a full amount of time spent on some activity

fuller /ˈfʊlə(ɹ)/ n
folarz folusznik pilśniarz
person
zbrocze
groove

fulling mill n
folusz
water mill

fulmar n
fulmar
seabird in the genus Fulmarus

fulminic acid n
kwas piorunowy
HCNO

fumble /ˈfʌmbəl/ v
szperać
to grope awkwardly in trying to find something

fume /fjuːm/ n
opar
gas or vapor that is strong-smelling or dangerous to inhale

fume hood n
dygestorium wyciąg laboratoryjny
a ventilated compartment in which chemical procedures may be undertaken

fumitory n
dymnica
any plant of genus Fumaria

fun /fʊn/ /fʌn/ adj
zabawny bawny
enjoyable, amusing

fun /fʊn/ /fʌn/ n
radość ubaw
enjoyment or amusement
zabawa
playful, often noisy, activity

fun fact n
ciekawostka

fun house n
agencja towarzyska
euphemism for brothel

function /ˈfʌŋ(k)ʃən/ /ˈfʌŋkʃn̩/ /ˈfʌŋkʃən/ [ˈfʌŋkʃn̩] [ˈfʌŋkʃɪ̈n] n
funkcja
computing: routine that returns a result
mathematics: a relation between a set of inputs and a set of permissible outputs
what something does or is used for
biology: physiological activity of an organ or body part
relation where one thing is dependent on another
chemistry: characteristic behavior of a chemical compound
funkcja stanowisko posada
professional or official position

function /ˈfʌŋ(k)ʃən/ /ˈfʌŋkʃn̩/ /ˈfʌŋkʃən/ [ˈfʌŋkʃn̩] [ˈfʌŋkʃɪ̈n] v
funkcjonować działać
to carry on a function

function key n
klawisz funkcyjny
computing: key that activates a function

function word n
funktor
function word

functional /ˈfʌŋkt͡ʃnəl/ /ˈfʌŋkt͡ʃənəl/ adj
aktywny działający sprawny
in good working order
funkcyjny
having semantics defined purely in terms of mathematical functions, without side-effects

functional /ˈfʌŋkt͡ʃnəl/ /ˈfʌŋkt͡ʃənəl/ n
funkcjonał
a function that takes a function as its argument

functional analysis n
analiza funkcjonalna
branch of mathematics

functional group n
grupa funkcyjna
characteristic grouping of elements

functional load n
częstotliwość fonemu
frequency of an opposition

functional programming n
programowanie funkcyjne
programming paradigm

functionalism /ˈfʌŋkʃənəlɪzəm/ n
funkcjonalizm
architecture
philosophy
psychology
social science

functionality n
funkcjonalność
ability

functionary n
funkcjonariusz funkcjonariuszka
a person employed as an official in a bureaucracy

functionless adj
bezfunkcyjny

functor /ˈfʌŋktə/ n
funktor
category theory: category mapping

fund /ˈfʌnd/ n
fundusz
sum or source of money
organization

fund /ˈfʌnd/ v
finansować sfinansować
to pay for

fundamental /ˌfʌndəˈmɛntəl/ adj
fundamentalny podstawowy
pertaining to the foundation or basis; serving for the foundation

fundamental group n
grupa podstawowa
group of equivalence classes of the homotopies of loops in a given topological space

fundamental interaction n
oddziaływanie podstawowe
basic forces that act between elementary particles

fundamentalism n
fundamentalizm
religion

fundamentalist n
fundamentalista fundamentalistka
one who reduces religion to strict interpretation of core or original texts

fundamentalistic adj
fundamentalistyczny

funding /ˈfʌndɪŋ/ n
finansowanie fundowanie
money provided as funds

fundraiser /ˈfʌnd.ɹeɪ.zə/ /ˈfʌnd.ɹeɪ.zɚ/ n
zbiórka

funds /fʌndz/ [fəndz] n
środki (finansowe)
financial resources

funeral /ˈfjunəɹəl/ /ˈfjuːnəɹəl/ /ˈfjuːnɹəl/ n
pogrzeb pogrzebanie
ceremony to honour a deceased person

funeral march n
marsz pogrzebowy
slow march often played at funerals

funereal /fjuːˈnɪəɹɪ.əl/ adj
pogrzebowy
relating to a funeral

fungible /ˈfʌndʒɪbl/ /ˈfʌndʒɪbəl/ adj
wymienialny zamienialny zamienny
able to be substituted for something of equal value

fungicidal adj
grzybobójczy
having the ability to destroy or control fungus

fungicide /ˈfʌnd͡ʒɪsaɪd/ /ˈfʌŋɡɪsaɪd/ n
fungicyd
substance used to kill fungus

fungus /ˈfʌŋ.ɡəs/ n
grzyb
any member of the kingdom Fungi

funhouse n
wesołe miasteczko

funk /fʌŋk/ n
funk
genre of popular music

funnel /ˈfʌnəl/ n
lejek lijek
utensil used to guide poured liquids

funny /ˈfʊnɪ/ /ˈfʌni/ /ˈfʌnɪ/ adj
zabawny śmieszny
amusing; comical

fur /fɜː(ɹ)/ /fɝ/ /fʌr/ n
futro
hairy skin processed to serve as clothing
futro sierść
hairy coat of a mammal, especially when fine, soft and thick

fur coat n
kożuch
garment made of furry hides

furan /ˈfjʊəɹæn/ n
furan
any of a class of aromatic heterocyclic compounds

furious /ˈfjɝ.i.əs/ /ˈfjʊə.ɹɪəs/ /ˈfjʊɹ.i.əs/ adj
wściekły rozjuszony
transported with passion or fury

furiously /ˈfjʊə̯ɹi.ə̯sli/ adv
wściekle
in a furious manner; angrily

furlough /ˈfɜː(ɹ).ləʊ/ /ˈfɝ.loʊ/ n
przepustka
documents authorizing leave of absence
urlop
leave of absence

furnace /ˈfɜːnɪs/ /ˈfɝnɪs/ n
piec
device for heating in a factory, melting metals, etc

furnish /ˈfɜːnɪʃ/ /ˈfɝnɪʃ/ v
dostarczać dostarczyć zaopatrywać zaopatrzyć
to supply
meblować umeblować
to provide with furniture or other equipment

furnished /ˈfɜːnɪʃt/ /ˈfɝnɪʃt/ adj
umeblowany
supplied with furniture

furniture /ˈfɜːnɪtʃə/ /ˈfɝnɪt͡ʃɚ/ n
mebel
large movable items

furrier /ˈfɜɹiəɹ/ /ˈfɜːɹi.ə/ /ˈfʌɹi.ə/ [ˈfɝiɚ] [ˈfɝˑiɚ] n
kuśnierz futrzarka futrzarz kuśnierka
person who sells, makes and deals otherwise with fur

furrow /ˈfɝoʊ/ /ˈfʌɹoʊ/ /ˈfʌɹəʊ/ n
bruzda
trench cut in the soil
zmarszczka
deep wrinkle in the skin of the face

furrow /ˈfɝoʊ/ /ˈfʌɹoʊ/ /ˈfʌɹəʊ/ v
marszczyć zmarszczyć
to pull one's brows together

furry /ˈfɜːɹi/ /ˈfɝi/ adj
puszysty futrzany kudłaty
covered with fur

furry /ˈfɜːɹi/ /ˈfɝi/ n
furas
member of the furry fandom

further /ˈfɜː.ðə/ /ˈfɝ.ðɚ/ adj
dalej
more distant

further /ˈfɜː.ðə/ /ˈfɝ.ðɚ/ adv
dalej
comparative of far
in addition

further education n
wyższe wykształcenie
education beyond compulsory schooling

furthermore /ˈfɜː(ɹ).ðə(ɹ)ˌmɔː(ɹ)/ /ˈfɝ.ðɚˌmɔɹ/ adv
oprócz tego poza tym ponadto dodatkowo w dodatku
In addition; besides; what's more; used to denote additional information

furtively /ˈfɜːtɪvli/ adv
potajemnie ukradkiem chyłkiem cichaczem skrycie
in a furtive manner

fury /ˈfjʊə.ɹi/ /ˈfjʊɚ.i/ /ˈfjʊɹ.i/ n
wściekłość szał furia
extreme anger

fuse /fjuːz/ n
bezpiecznik zapalnik
device igniting charge
lont
cord
bezpiecznik
device preventing overloading of a circuit

fuse /fjuːz/ v
połączyć stopić
transitive: to melt together

fusel oil n
fuzel niedogon
byproduct of alcoholic fermentation

fuselage /ˈfjuːsəˌlɑːʒ/ /ˈfjuːzəˌlɑːʒ/ n
kadłub
main body of aerospace vehicle

fusil /ˈfjuːzɪl/ n
muszkiet
weapon

fusilier /ˌfjuːzɪˈlɪə/ n
fizylier fizylierka
infantryman

fusillade /ˈfjuːsɪˌleɪd/ n
salwa
the simultaneous firing of a number of firearms

fusilli /ˌfuːˈsiːli/ /ˌfuːˈziːli/ n
świderki fusilli
pasta

fusion /ˈfjuː.ʒən/ n
fusion
style of cooking
type of music
fuzja
merging of elements into a union
nuclear reaction in which nuclei combine
stopienie
act of melting something by heating it

fusion center n
centrum połączenia informacji

fuss /fʌs/ v
przejmować się przeżywać srać się
to be very worried or excited about something, often too much

fussy /ˈfʌ.si/ adj
wybredny
particular about details

fustian /ˈfʌs.tɪ.ən/ /ˈfʌs.tʃən/ /ˈfʌs.t͡ʃən/ adj
barchanowy
made out of fustian

fustian /ˈfʌs.tɪ.ən/ /ˈfʌs.tʃən/ /ˈfʌs.t͡ʃən/ n
barchan
kind of coarse fabric made from cotton and flax; kind of coarse twilled cotton, or cotton and linen, stuff often dyed a drab colour

futile /ˈfju.taɪ.əl/ /ˈfju.taɪl/ /ˈfju.təl/ /ˈfjuː.taɪl/ adj
daremny bezcelowy
incapable of producing results

futility n
daremność
quality of being futile

futsal n
futsal
form of soccer

futtock /ˈfʌtək/ [ˈfəɾək] n
żebro
curved rib-like timbers

future /ˈfjuː.t͡ʃə(ɹ)/ adj
przyszły czas przyszły
having to do with or occurring in the future

future /ˈfjuː.t͡ʃə(ɹ)/ n
przyszłość czas przyszły
the time ahead
something that will happen in moments yet to come

future participle n
imiesłów przyszły
part of speech

future perfect n
czas zaprzyszły
a tense that expresses action completed at some time in the future

future tense n
czas przyszły
time form of a verb

futurism /ˈfjuːt͡ʃəɹɪzəm/ n
futuryzm
art movement

futurist adj
futurystyczny
advanced so far beyond that which is current as to appear to be from the future

futurist n
futurysta futurystka
adherent to the principles of futurism

fuzzy /ˈfʌzi/ adj
rozmyty
not clear; unfocused
rozmyty nieścisły
vague or imprecise

fuzzy logic n
logika rozmyta
logic based on the notion of fuzzy set

fuzzy set n
zbiór rozmyty
set

fyke n
żak
type of fish-trap

fynbos n
fynbos
fynbos

féerie /ˈfeɪəɹi/ /ˈfɛəɹi/ n
feeria

gabapentin /ˈɡæb.əˌpɛn.tɪn/ n
gabapentyna

gable /ˈɡeɪ.bəl/ n
szczyt
triangular area of wall

gadget /ɡædʒɪt/ /ɡæd͡ʒət/ n
gadżet
any device or machine

gadolinium /ˌɡæd.əˈlɪn.i.əm/ n
gadolin
chemical element

gadwall n
krakwa
a common and widespread dabbling duck

gaff /ɡæf/ n
osęk osęka
handle with a hook

gaffe /ɡæf/ n
gafa
a foolish error, especially one made in public

gag /ɡæɡ/ n
gag
joke or prank
knebel
device to restrain speech

gag /ɡæɡ/ v
kneblować zakneblować
To restrain someone's speech

gaggling n
gęg gęganie gęgot
sound of a goose

gaijin /ˈɡaɪˌd͡ʒɪn/ n
gaijin gaijinka
(Japan) a non-Japanese person

gain /ɡeɪn/ v
przytyć tyć
put on weight
zyskać
acquire

gain ground v
robić postępy zrobić postępy
to make progress or obtain advantage

gait /ɡeɪt/ n
chód
horse's way of moving
chód krok
manner of walking

gaiter /ˈɡeɪ.tə/ /ˈɡeɪ.təɹ/ n
stuptuty getry
covering for the ankle and instep

galactic /ɡəˈlæktɪk/ adj
galaktyczny
relating to a/the galaxy

galactically adv
galaktycznie
with regard to galaxies

galacto- prefix
galakto-

galactorrhea /ɡəˌlæktəˈɹiːə/ n
mlekotok
lactation unassociated with childbirth

galactose /ɡəˈlaktəʊs/ /ɡəˈlaktəʊz/ n
galaktoza
the monosaccharide

galah /ɡəˈlɑː/ n
kakadu różowa
cockatoo

galangal /ɡəˈlæŋɡəl/ n
galgant gałgan
any of several plants of the ginger family

galantamine /ɡəˈlæn.təˌmiːn/ n
galantamina

galantine /ɡalənˈtiːn/ /ˈɡaləntiːn/ n
galantyna
cold meat dish

galaxy /ˈɡæl.ək.si/ n
galaktyka
collection of billions of stars, galactic dust, black holes, etc

gale /ɡeɪl/ n
wicher wichura
meteorology: a very strong wind
wybuch
outburst of laughter
woskownica
Myrica gale

galimatias /-ˈmæti.əs/ /ˌɡæləˈmeɪʃi.əs/ n
gmatwanina
gobbledygook

gall /ɡɑl/ /ɡɔːl/ n
galas galasówka
blister or tumor-like growth found on the surface of plants

gall bladder n
woreczek żółciowy pęcherzyk żółciowy
pear-shaped organ that stores bile

gall wasp n
galasówka
insect of the family Cynipidae

gallant /ɡəˈlænt/ /ɡəˈlɑnt/ /ˈɡælənt/ adj
szarmancki
polite and attentive to ladies

gallant /ˈɡælənt/ adj
szarmancki
brave, valiant

galleon /ˈɡæ.li.ən/ /ˈɡæl.jən/ n
galeon galeona
large sailing ship

gallery /ˈɡæləɹi/ n
galeria
institution, building, or room for the exhibition and conservation of works of art
establishment that buys, sells, and displays works of art
area of a theater, concert hall, or auditorium
roofed promenade along the wall of a building

galley /ˈɡæli/ n
galera
ship propelled primarily by oars
kambuz kuchnia pokładowa
cooking room or kitchen and cooking apparatus of a vessel or aircraft

galley slave n
galernik
slave in a galley

gallic acid n
kwas galusowy
acid found in galls, etc

galliform adj
grzebiący
of or pertaining to a chicken or other member of the order Galliformes

gallinaceous adj
grzebiący kurowaty
related to galina

gallium /ˈɡæliəm/ n
gal
chemical element

gallium arsenide n
arsenek galu
binary compound of gallium and arsenic, GaAs

gallon /ˈɡælən/ n
galon
a unit of volume used for liquids

gallop /ˈɡæləp/ n
cwał
fastest gait of a horse

gallop /ˈɡæləp/ v
galopować cwałować
to ride at a galloping pace

gallows /ˈɡæloʊz/ /ˈɡæləs/ /ˈɡæləʊz/ n
szubienica
wooden framework on which persons are put to death by hanging

gallows humor n
wisielczy humor
comedy that still manages to be funny in the face of a perfectly hopeless situation

gallstone n
kamień żółciowy

galoot /ɡəˈluːt/ n
bałwan bałwanica
clumsy or uncouth person

galosh /ɡəˈlɒʃ/ n
kalosz gumiak gumowiec
waterproof overshoe used to provide protection from rain or snow

galvanic /ɡælˈvænɪk/ adj
galwaniczny
of or pertaining to galvanism; electric

galvanically adv
galwanicznie
in galvanic manner

galvanization n
galwanizacja galwanizowanie
the process of galvanizing

galvanoplasty n
galwanoplastyka
process of galvanizing

gambeson /ˈɡæm.bɪ.sən/ n
przeszywanica
armor

gambier n
czepota gambir
Uncaria gambir

gambit /ˈɡæmbɪt/ n
gambit
chess move
ploy

gamble /ˈɡæm.bəl/ n
hazard
a risk undertaken with a potential gain

gamble /ˈɡæm.bəl/ v
grać
to play risky games for monetary gain
ryzykować
to take a risk, with the potential of a positive outcome

gambler n
hazardzista hazardzistka
one who plays at a game of chance

gambling /ˈɡæm.blɪŋ/ /ˈɡæm.bl̩.ɪŋ/ n
hazard
activity characterised by a balance between winning and losing that is governed by a mixture of skill and chance

gambling house n
dom gry kasyno
Gambling place

gamboge /-ˈboʊʒ/ /-ˈbəʊʒ/ /ɡæmˈbuʒ/ /ɡæmˈbuːʒ/ n
gumiguta
resin of the gamboge tree

game /ɡeɪm/ n
dziczyzna zwierzyna łowna
wild animals hunted for food
gra
particular instance of playing a game; match
activity described by a set of rules, especially for the purpose of entertainment
gra zabawa
playful activity that may be unstructured, amusement, pastime

game /ɡeɪm/ v
grać
to play games

game of chance n
gra hazardowa
game in which the outcome is at least partly determined by random variables

game over /ˌɡeɪm ˈoʊ.vɚ/ /ˌɡeɪm ˈəʊ.və(ɹ)/ phraseologicalUnit
koniec gry
message
po ptokach
end of some ongoing situation

game piece n
pionek
hand-held object in board game

game plan n
plan gry
strategy

game theory n
teoria gier
mathematical study of strategic situations

game-filled adj
pełen dziczyzny

gameboard /ˈɡeɪm.bɔɹd/ /ˈɡeɪm.bɔːd/ n
plansza
portable surface on which a game is played

gamecock n
kogut do walki
fighting cock

gamepad /ˈɡeɪm.pæd/ n
gamepad joypad kontroler pad
a type of game controller

gameplay /ˈɡeɪmˌpleɪ/ n
gra rozgrywka
player's gaming experience

gamete /ˈɡæmiːt/ n
gameta
reproductive cell

gamma /ˈɡæ.mə/ n
gamma
third letter of the Greek alphabet

gamma function n
funkcja gamma
function which generalizes the notion of a factorial

gammon /ˈɡæmən/ n
baleron
lower or hind part of a side of bacon

gamut /ˈɡæm.ət/ /ˈɡæm.ɪt/ n
gama
complete range
all the notes in the musical scale

gander /ˈɡæn.də(ɹ)/ n
gąsior
a male goose

gang /ɡæŋ/ n
banda ferajna paczka
a company of persons
szajka banda gang
criminal group with a common background
group of criminals who band together for mutual protection

gangbang /ˈɡæŋ.bæŋ/ n
gang bang
act of two or more people having sex with one person who is the focus of the sexual activity

ganglion /ˈɡæŋ.ɡli.ən/ n
zwój nerwowy zwój
collection of nerve cell bodies outside the brain

gangrene /ˈɡaŋˌɡɹiːn/ /ˈɡæŋˌɡɹin/ n
zgorzel gangrena
the necrosis or rotting of flesh

gangster /ˈɡæŋ.stə/ /ˈɡæŋ.stɚ/ n
bandyta gangster
street gang member

gangsterdom n
gangsterstwo
realm or sphere of gangsters

gangsteress /ˌɡæŋstəˈɹɛs/ n
gangsterka
female gangster

gangsterhood n
gangsterstwo
state or period of being a gangster

gangsterness n
gangsterstwo gangsteryzm
state or period of being a gangster

gangstership n
gangsterka gangsterstwo gangsteryzm
state or official status of a gangster

gangway interjection
z drogi
make way

gangway n
przejście
clear path through a crowd
passageway
trap
nautical: passage on upper deck
nautical: passage through the side of a ship
temporary bridge
temporary plank bridge, path, or passageway

gannet /ˈɡænɪt/ n
głuptak
sea bird

gantry /ˈɡæntɹi/ n
stelaż
framework of steel bars bridging over something

gantry crane n
suwnica

gap /ɡæp/ n
dziura szczelina szpara
opening that implies a breach or defect
okienko przerwa
vacant space or time
szczelina
opening allowing passage or entrance

gap year n
gap year
yearlong break from study

garage /ɡ(ə)ˈɹɑ(d)ʒ/ /ɡəˈɹæ(d)ʒ/ /ˈɡæ.ɹɑː(d)ʒ/ /ˈɡæ.ɹɪdʒ/ n
garaż
building or section of building to store a car, tools etc.

garage door n
drzwi garażowe
the door on a garage which a car can come in through

garam masala n
garam masala
culinary ingredient

garb /ɡɑː(ɹ)b/ n
strój
clothing

garbage /ɡɑ(ɹ)ˈbɑːʒ/ /ˈɡɑɹbɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈɡɑːbɪd͡ʒ/ n
śmieci odpady
waste material

garbage can n
kosz na śmieci śmietnik
waste receptacle

garbage collector n
śmieciarka śmieciarz
worker

garbage truck n
śmieciarka
waste collection vehicle

garden /-n̩/ /ˈɡɑɹdən/ /ˈɡɑːdən/ n
ogród
gardens with public access
ogród działka
grounds at the front or back of a house
ogródek
a vegetable garden
sad ogród
piece of land outside with flowers and plants
łoniaki
slang: the pubic hair

garden /-n̩/ /ˈɡɑɹdən/ /ˈɡɑːdən/ v
uprawiać ogródek
grow plants

garden balsam n
balsamina niecierpek ogrodowy
Impatiens balsamina

garden cress /ˈɡɑːdn̩ kɹɛs/ n
pieprzyca siewna rzeżucha
the leafy plant
pieprzyca pieprzyca siewna rzeżucha rzeżucha ogrodowa rzeżucha siewna
the leaves, used in salads

garden gnome n
krasnal ogrodowy
a small statue of a gnome used as a garden ornament

garden shed n
szopa ogrodowa
toolshed in a garden

garden warbler n
gajówka
Sylvia borin

gardener /ˈɡɑɹd.nɚ/ /ˈɡɑɹd.n̩.ɚ/ /ˈɡɑːd.nə/ /ˈɡɑːd.n̩.ə/ n
ogrodnik ogrodniczka badylarka badylarz
one who gardens

gardenia /ɡɑɹˈdinjə/ /ɡɑːˈdiːnjə/ n
gardenia
tree or shrub of the genus Gardenia

gardening n
ogrodnictwo badylarstwo
the care of a garden

garfish n
belona
fish of family Belonidae

garganey n
cyranka
duck

gargantuan /ɡɑɹˈɡæn.t͡ʃu.ən/ adj
gargantuiczny
of the giant Gargantua or his appetite
gigantyczny gargantuiczny
huge

gargoyle /ˈɡɑɹ.ɡɔɪl/ /ˈɡɑː.ɡɔɪl/ n
gargulec
decorative figure on a building
rzygacz gargulec
carved grotesque figure on a spout

garish /ˈɡɛəɹɪʃ/ adj
jaskrawy krzykliwy
overly ostentatious; so colourful as to be in bad taste

garland /ˈɡaː.lənd/ /ˈɡɑɹ.lənd/ /ˈɡɑː.lənd/ n
girlanda
wreath of flowers

garlic /ˈɡɑɹlɪk/ /ˈɡɑːlɪk/ n
czosnek
plant

garlic bread n
chleb czosnkowy
bread topped with garlic

garlic mustard n
czosnaczek
Alliaria petiolata

garlic press n
praska do czosnku wyciskacz do czosnku wyciskarka do czosnku
utensil

garment /ˈɡɑɹ.mənt/ /ˈɡɑː.mənt/ n
ubranie
single item of clothing

garner /ˈɡɑː.nə/ /ˈɡɑːɹ.nɚ/ v
zbierać zebrać
to reap grain, gather it up, and store it in a granary

garnet /ˈɡɑː(ɹ).nət/ n
granat
mineral

garnish /ˈɡɑɹnɪʃ/ /ˈɡɑːnɪʃ/ n
garnir garnirowanie garnirunek
something set round or upon a dish

garnish /ˈɡɑɹnɪʃ/ /ˈɡɑːnɪʃ/ v
dekorować ozdobić ozdabiać udekorować
to decorate with ornamental appendages
garnirować
to ornament (food)

garniture n
garnitur
something that garnishes

garret /ˈɡæɹɪt/ /ˈɡɛɹɪt/ n
poddasze
an attic or semi-finished room just beneath the roof of a house

garrison /ˈɡæ.ɹɪ.sən/ /ˈɡæɹ.ɪ.sən/ /ˈɡɛɹ.ɪ.sən/ n
garnizon
troops
garnizon koszary
post

garrulous /ˈɡæɹ.jə.ləs/ /ˈɡæɹ.jʊ.ləs/ /ˈɡæɹ.ə.ləs/ /ˈɡæɹ.ʊ.ləs/ /ˈɡɛɹ.jə.ləs/ /ˈɡɛɹ.ə.ləs/ adj
gadatliwy
excessively or tiresomely talkative

garter /ˈɡɑːtə/ /ˈɡɑːɹtɚ/ n
podwiązka
band around leg

garuda /ɡəˈɹuːdə/ /ˈɡæɹʊdə/ n
garuda
large mythical bird in Hindu and Buddhist mythology

garum n
garum
sauce

gas /ɡæs/ /ɡæz/ n
gaz
(uncountable, chemistry) state of matter
(countable, chemistry) chemical element or compound
(uncountable) flammable gaseous hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon mixture
gazy gaz
(US) gas in digestion
benzyna
fuel

gas chamber n
komora gazowa
a sealed chamber in which people are executed with gas

gas guzzling adj
benzynożerny

gas main n
gazociąg

gas mask /ɡæs mæsk/ /ɡæs mɑːsk/ n
maska przeciwgazowa maska gazowa
a covering for the face with a filter to protect the user from poisonous gas

gas pipeline n
gazociąg

gas plant n
dyptam jesionolistny
Dictamnus albus

gas pump n
dystrybutor paliwa
device at a gas station that dispenses gasoline

gas station n
stacja benzynowa stacja paliw benzynówka cepeen
an establishment which sells gasoline to pump directly into a car

gas tank n
zbiornik benzyny
fuel tank

gas turbine n
turbina gazowa
gas turbine

gas-powered adj
benzynowy
powered by a gasoline engine

gaseous /ˈɡæʃəs/ adj
gazowany
of a liquid containing bubbles: gassy
gazowy
relating to, or existing as, gas

gasfitter n
gazownik
a person who installs and services gas fixtures and appliances

gasholder n
gazometr

gasification n
zgazowanie
action of gasifying

gasket /ˈɡæs.kɪt/ n
uszczelka
mechanical seal

gaslight /ˈɡæslaɪt/ /ˈɡæsˌlaɪt/ n
lampa gazowa
lamp which burns piped illuminating gas
oświetlenie gazowe
light produced by burning gas

gasoline /ɡæsl̩ˈin/ /ɡæsˈlin/ /ˈɡæs.ə.liːn/ [ɡæsɵˈlin] [ɡæˈsɵlin] n
benzyna
motor fuel
countable: a particular kind of gasoline

gassy /ˈɡæsi/ adj
gazowany
of a beverage: containing dissolved gas

gastric /ˈɡæstɹɪk/ adj
żołądkowy
Of or relating to the stomach

gastric acid n
kwas żołądkowy sok żołądkowy
acidic secretion of the stomach

gastric band n
opaska żołądkowa

gastrinoma n
gastrinoma
a tumour

gastro- /ˈɡæstɹoʊ-/ /ˈɡæstɹəʊ-/ prefix
gastro-
meaning food
meaning stomach

gastrocnemius /ˌɡæstɹəkˈniːmiəs/ n
miȩsień brzuchaty łydki
muscle at the back of the calf

gastrodiplomacy /ˌɡæstɹoʊdɪˈploʊməsi/ /ˌɡæstɹəʊdɪˈpləʊməsi/ n
dyplomacja kulinarna
type of cultural diplomacy where relations between representatives of different cultures are improved by the means of gastronomy and the promotion of national cuisines

gastroenteritis n
grypa żołądkowa
inflammation

gastroenterology n
gastroenterologia
the study of the digestive system

gastrology n
gastrologia
scientific study of the stomach

gastronomy /ɡæˈstɹɒnəmi/ n
gastronomia
study of the relationship between food and culture

gastropod /ˈɡæstɹəˌpɑd/ n
brzuchonóg ślimak
member of a class of molluscs

gastroscopy n
gastroskopia
examination of esophagus, stomach and dodenum

gate /ɡeɪt/ n
brama
doorway, opening, or passage in a fence or wall
brama wrota furtka
door-like structure outside
bramka
(electronics) name of one terminal of a transistor
computing: logical pathway
in an air terminal

gateau n
tort
rich, iced cake

gatecrash /ˈɡeɪtkɹaʃ/ v
wchodzić na krzywy ryj
to go to a social event without being invited, or without having paid

gatecrasher n
wchodzący na krzywy ryj
a person who gatecrashes

gather /ˈɡæðə/ /ˈɡæðɚ/ v
gromadzić zbierać zebrać zgromadzić
to bring together; to collect

gather dust v
zbierać kurz zebrać kurz

gathering /ˈɡæð.ə.ɹɪŋ/ /ˈɡæð.ɚ.ɪŋ/ n
biesiada
get-together, social function
składka
bookbinding: group of sheets
zebranie zgromadzenie
group of people or things

gatsby n
gatsby

gaudy /ˈɡɑ.di/ /ˈɡɔ.di/ /ˈɡɔː.di/ adj
jarmarczny
very showy or ornamented

gauge /ˈɡeɪd͡ʒ/ n
miara wymiar
a measure; a standard of measure; an instrument to determine dimensions, distance, or capacity; a standard
przyrząd pomiarowy wzorzec
any instrument for ascertaining or regulating the level, state, dimensions or forms of things; as, a rain gauge; a steam gauge

gauge /ˈɡeɪd͡ʒ/ v
mierzyć dokonywać pomiaru
measure

gauleiter /ˈɡaʊlaɪtə/ n
gauleiter
an official in charge of a district of Nazi Germany

gaunt /ɡɑːnt/ /ɡɔːnt/ adj
szczupły
lean, angular and bony
wymizerowany
haggard, drawn and emaciated

gauntlet /ˈɡɔːnt.lət/ n
rękawica
protective armor for the hands

gaur /ɡaʊə/ /ɡaʊəɹ/ n
gaur indyjski
Bos gaurus

gauze /ɡɔːz/ n
bandaż
woven metal or plastic mesh
gaza
thin fabric with open weave
cotton fabric used as surgical dressing

gauzy adj
zwiewny
transparent, hazy

gavial /ˈɡeɪ.vi.əl/ n
gawial
crocodilian of genus Gavialis

gavotte n
gawot
French dance

gawk /ɡɑk/ /ɡɔːk/ n
gamoń
stupid or clumsy person

gawk /ɡɑk/ /ɡɔːk/ v
gapić się
to stare or gape stupidly

gay /ɡeɪ/ adj
gejowski pedalski
typical of homosexual appearance
homoseksualny
homosexual
radosny wesół
happy, joyful and lively
zmanierowany zniewieściały
behaving in a way associated with females

gay /ɡeɪ/ n
gej homoseksualista ciepły
homosexual person, especially male

gay marriage n
małżeństwo homoseksualne małżeństwo jednopłciowe małżeństwo osób tej samej płci
marriage between two people of the same sex

gay pride n
gay pride
a feeling of pride in one's homosexuality

gay-friendly adj
gay-friendly
welcoming of gay people

gazebo /ɡəˈziːboʊ/ /ɡəˈziːbəʊ/ n
altana
roofed structure

gazelle /ɡəˈzɛl/ n
gazela
antelope

gazette /ɡəˈzɛt/ n
gazeta
newspaper

gazetteer n
gazeter
geographic dictionary or encyclopedia

gazpacho /ɡəsˈpæt͡ʃəʊ/ /ɡəsˈpɑːt͡ʃəʊ/ n
gazpacho
cold soup of Spanish origin

gcd n
NWD
initialism for greatest common divisor

gear /ɡɪə(ɹ)/ /ɡɪɚ/ n
bieg
motor car transmission

gear lever n
dźwignia zmiany biegów
lever used to change gears

gear wheel /ɡɪə(ɹ) ʍiːl/ /ɡɪɚ ʍil/ n
koło zębate trybik
wheel with a toothed rim

gearbox n
skrzynia biegów
train of gears

gecko /ˈɡɛ.koʊ/ /ˈɡɛ.kəʊ/ n
gekon
lizard of the family Gekkonidae

geek /ɡiːk/ n
geek
expert in a technical field, particularly to do with computers

geez /d͡ʒiːz/ interjection
Jezu jeju
exclamation denoting surprise or frustration

gefilte fish /ɡəˈfɪltə fɪʃ/ n
karp po żydowsku

gegenschein /ˈɡeɪ.ɡənˌʃaɪn/ n
przeciwblask

geisha /ˈɡeɪ.ʃə/ n
gejsza
a Japanese entertainer

gel /d͡ʒɛl/ [d͡ʒɛɫ] n
żel
suspension of solid in liquid
any gel for a particular cosmetic use

gelada /dʒəˈlɑːdə/ n
dżelada
primate

gelatin /ˈd͡ʒɛlətiːn/ /ˈd͡ʒɛlətɪn/ /ˈd͡ʒɛləʔ.n̩/ n
żelatyna
protein derived through partial hydrolysis of the collagen
edible jelly

gelding /ˈɡɛldɪŋ/ n
wałach
castrated male horse

gem /d͡ʒɛm/ /d͡ʒɪm/ n
kamień szlachetny klejnot
precious stone
klejnot perła skarb
precious or highly valued thing or person

geminate /ˈd͡ʒɛmɪneɪt/ /ˈd͡ʒɛmɪnət/ n
geminata
doubled sound

gemmule /ˈd͡ʒɛmjuːl/ /ˈd͡ʒɛˌm(j)ul/ n
gemula
small gemma or bud of dormant embryonic cells produced by some freshwater sponges that develops into a new sponge

gemology /d͡ʒɛmˈɑl.ə.dʒi/ n
gemmologia
art and science of gems

gemstone /ˈd͡ʒɛmˌstoʊn/ n
klejnot kamień szlachetny
gem

gemütlich /ɡəˈmutlɪk/ /ɡəˈmytlɪç/ /ɡəˈmyːtlɪç/ adj
przytulny
cozy

gen up v
podkuwać się podkuć się

gendarme /ʒɑn.ˈdɑɹm/ /ʒɒn.ˈdɑːm/ n
żandarm
member of the gendarmerie

gendarmerie /ˈʒɑn.dɑɹ.mə.ɹi/ /ˈʒɒn.dɑː.mə.ɹi/ n
żandarmeria
military body charged with police duties

gender /ˈd͡ʒɛndə/ /ˈd͡ʒɛndɚ/ n
gender rodzaj
identification as a man, a woman, or something else
płeć rodzaj
rodzaj
grammar: division of nouns and pronouns
division, class, kind

gender dysphoria n
dysforia płciowa
profound unhappiness related to characteristics associated with one's birth-assigned sex, experienced by some transgender people

gender identity /-ɪ.ɾi/ /ˈd͡ʒɛn.də aɪˈdɛn.tɪ.ti/ /ˈd͡ʒɛn.dɚ aɪˈdɛɾ̃.ə.ɾi/ [-ɪ.ɾi] [ˈd͡ʒɛn.dɚ aɪˈdɛn.ə.ɾi] n
tożsamość płciowa
person's sense of self as a member of a particular gender

gender studies n
gender gender studies
academic field

genderless /ˈd͡ʒɛn.də.ləs/ /ˈd͡ʒɛn.dɚ.ləs/ adj
bezrodzajowy

gene /d͡ʒiːn/ n
gen
unit of heredity

gene bank n
bank genów
repository of genetic material

genealogical adj
genealogiczny
of or relating to genealogy

genealogist /ˈdʒiː.niːˌæl.ə.dʒɪst/ n
genealog genealożka
person who studies or practises genealogy, expert in genealogy

genealogy /ˌdʒiːniˈælədʒi/ /ˌdʒiːniˈɒlədʒi/ /ˌd͡ʒiniˈælədʒi/ /ˌd͡ʒiniˈɑlədʒi/ n
genealogia
record or table of such descent
study and recording of descents
genealogia rodowód
descent of a person, family or group from ancestors

general /ˈd͡ʒɛn.(ə.)ɹəl/ adj
ogólny
involving every part or member, not specific or particular
widespread, common
miscellaneous, not limited to a specific class

general /ˈd͡ʒɛn.(ə.)ɹəl/ n
generał
military rank

general anesthesia n
narkoza
type of anesthesia

general election n
wybory powszechne
election held at regular intervals

general knowledge /ˈdʒɛnəɹəl ˈnɑlɪdʒ/ /ˈdʒɛnɹəl ˈnɒlɪdʒ/ n
wiedza ogólna
wide body of information that a person acquires from education and from life

general ledger n
księga główna
central accounting record

general partnership n
spółka jawna
type of partnership

general practitioner n
lekarz rodzinny
physician who provides primary care; family doctor

general relativity n
ogólna teoria względności
theory in physics

general staff n
sztab generalny
officers in charge of army

generalisation n
generalizacja uogólnienie
formulation of general concepts
inductive reasoning

generalization n
generalizacja uogólnienie
formulation of general concepts
inductive reasoning

generalize /ˈd͡ʒen.(ə.)ɹə.lɑɪz/ /ˈd͡ʒɛn.(ə.)ɹə.laɪz/ v
generalizować uogólniać uogólnić
to speak in generalities, or in vague terms
uogólniać uogólnić
to infer or induce from specific cases to more general cases or principles

generalized adj
uogólniony
made more general, less specialized

generally /ˈd͡ʒen.ɹə.li/ /ˈd͡ʒɛn.ə.ɹə.li/ /ˈd͡ʒɛn.ɚ.li/ /ˈd͡ʒɛn.ɚ.ə.li/ /ˈd͡ʒɛn.ɹə.li/ adv
ogólnie
without reference to specific details
powszechnie
popularly or widely
zazwyczaj zwykle z reguły
as a rule; usually

generally speaking adv
ogólnie mówiąc ogólnie rzecz biorąc

generate /ˈd͡ʒɛn.ə.ɹeɪt/ /ˈd͡ʒɛn.ɚ.eɪt/ v
generować stwarzać stworzyć tworzyć wygenerować wywołać
to bring into being
generować wygenerować wytwarzać wytworzyć
to produce as a result of a chemical or physical process
spłodzić płodzić wydawać wydać
to procreate, beget

generation /ˌd͡ʒɛnəˈɹeɪʃən/ n
generowanie wytwarzanie
origination by some process; formation
pokolenie
period of around thirty years
pokolenie generacja
single step in the succession of natural descent
wytwarzanie generacja
act of generating or begetting; procreation

generational adj
pokoleniowy
of, pertaining to, or changing over generations

generator /ˈdʒɛnəɹeɪtə(ɹ)/ n
generator
in programming
generator prądnica
apparatus: electrical generator

generic /dʒɪˈnɛɹɪk/ adj
bezmarkowy niemarkowy
not having a brand name
ogólny pospolity uogólniony
very comprehensive
rodzajowy
of, or relating to a genus

generic name n
nazwa rodzajowa
(taxonomy) first word in a binominal name, which identifies the genus of the lifeform considered

generosity /ˌd͡ʒɛnəˈɹɑsəti/ /ˌd͡ʒɛnəˈɹɒsɪti/ n
hojność szczodrość
trait of being willing to donate

generous /ˈd͡ʒɛn(ə)ɹəs/ adj
hojny szczodry
willing to give and share unsparingly
szlachetny wielkoduszny
noble in behaviour, magnanimous

generously adv
hojnie
in a generous manner

genesis /ˈd͡ʒɛn.ə.sɪs/ /ˈd͡ʒɪn.ə.sɪs/ n
geneza początek powstanie
the origin, start, or point at which something comes into being

genetic /d͡ʒəˈnɛtɪk/ /d͡ʒɪˈnɛtɪk/ adj
genetyczny
relating to genetics or genes
caused by genes

genetic code n
kod genetyczny
rules by which the sequence of bases in DNA are translated into the amino acid sequence of proteins

genetic engineering n
biogenetyka inżynieria genetyczna
practice or science of genetic modification

genetically adv
genetycznie
in a manner relating to genes or genetics

geneticist n
genetyk
scientist who studies genes

genetics /d͡ʒə.ˈnɛ.tɪks/ /d͡ʒɛˈnɛ.tɪks/ /ˈdʒɛnɐ.ʈɪks/ n
genetyka
branch of biology

genial /-ni.əl/ /ˈdʒiːnɪəl/ /ˈd͡ʒinjəl/ adj
genialny
marked by genius

genicular adj
kolanowy
pertaining to the knee

genie /ˈd͡ʒiː.ni/ n
dżinn
a fictional magical being
an unseen being in Muslim theology

genital /ˈd͡ʒɛnətəl/ /ˈd͡ʒɛnɪtəl/ adj
płciowy
of, or relating to biological reproduction
of, or relating to psychosexual development during puberty
of, or relating to the genitalia

genitalia /ˌd͡ʒɛ.nə-/ /ˌd͡ʒɛ.nɪˈteɪ.jəl.jə/ /ˌd͡ʒɛ.nɪˈteɪ.li.jə/ n
genitalia narządy płciowe
genitals or sex organs

genitive /ˈd͡ʒɛnətɪv/ adj
dopełniacz
of or pertaining to the case of possession

genitive /ˈd͡ʒɛnətɪv/ n
dopełniacz
inflection pattern
word in the genitive inflection

genitourinary adj
moczopłciowy
relating to the genital and urinary systems

genius /ˈdʒiː.nɪəs/ /ˈd͡ʒi.ni.əs/ /ˈd͡ʒin.jəs/ adj
genialny
very clever

genius /ˈdʒiː.nɪəs/ /ˈd͡ʒi.ni.əs/ /ˈd͡ʒin.jəs/ n
geniusz
someone possessing extraordinary intelligence or skill
extraordinary mental capacity

genius loci /ˈd͡ʒinjəs ˈloʊkaɪ/ /ˈd͡ʒinjəs ˈloʊsaɪ/ /ˈd͡ʒinjəs ˈləʊkaɪ/ /ˈd͡ʒinjəs ˈləʊsaɪ/ /ˈɡɛnɪˌʊs ˈloʊki/ /ˈɡɛnɪˌʊs ˈləʊki/ n
duch miejsca
deity or spirit overseeing a place

genizah /ɡɛˈnizə/ /ɡɛˈniːzə/ n
geniza
depository where sacred Hebrew books, etc., are kept before being buried in a cemetery

genocidal /ˌd͡ʒɛnəˈsaɪdəl/ adj
ludobójczy
causative of or relating to a genocide

genocide /ˈd͡ʒɛnəsaɪd/ n
ludobójstwo genocyd
systematic killing of substantial numbers of people

genocidist n
ludobójca ludobójczyni
someone who advocates for or is responsible for enacting genocide

genology n
genologia

genome /d͡ʒɨˈnoʊm/ /ˈd͡ʒiː.noʊm/ /ˈd͡ʒiː.nəʊm/ n
genom
complete genetic information of an organism

genotype /ˈdʒɛn.əʊ.taɪp/ /ˈd͡ʒiːn.oʊ.taɪp/ n
genotyp
DNA sequence which determines a specific characteristic

genre /d͡ʒɑnɚ/ /ˈ(d)ʒɑn.ɹə/ /ˈ(d)ʒɒn.ɹə/ n
gatunek rodzaj
kind; type; sort

gens /d͡ʒɛnz/ /ɡɛns/ n
gens
legally defined unit of Roman society

gentian /ˈd͡ʒɛnt͡ʃən/ n
goryczka gencjana
Any of various herbs of the family Gentianaceae
The dried roots and rhizome of a European gentian

gentile /ˈd͡ʒɛntaɪl/ adj
plemienny
relating to a clan, tribe, or nation
pogański
heathen, pagan

gentile /ˈd͡ʒɛntaɪl/ n
goj
non-Jewish person

gentility n
dystynkcja
The state of being elegant

gentle /ˈdʒɛntl̩/ /ˈd͡ʒɛntl̩/ [ˈd͡ʒɛ̃ɾ̃l̩] adj
delikatny miły łagodny
tender and amiable
delikatny łagodny
soft and mild rather than hard or severe
uprzejmy
polite and respectful rather than rude

gentleman /ˈd͡ʒɛn.təl.mən/ [ˈd͡ʒɛɾ̃.ɫ̩.mən] n
dżentelmen pan
man of breeding
pan dżentelmen
well-mannered, or charming man
panowie pan
polite form of address to men

gentleman's agreement n
dżentelmeńska umowa
usually unwritten agreement not bound by law but by honour

gentleness /ˈd͡ʒɛntl̩nəs/ n
delikatność łagodność
being gentle

gently /ˈd͡ʒɛntli/ adv
delikatnie łagodnie
in a gentle manner

gentoo penguin n
pingwin białobrewy
penguin

gentrification /d͡ʒɛn.tɹɪ.fɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/ n
gentryfikacja
process of renewal accompanying an influx of relatively affluent people

genu valgum n
kolana koślawe
medical condition

genual adj
kolanowy
pertaining to the knee

genuflect /ˈd͡ʒɛn.jʊ.flɛkt/ v
klękać
to bend the knee, as in servitude, homage, or worship

genuflection n
klękanie uklęknięcie
the act of genuflecting, in the sense of bowing down

genuine /ˈd͡ʒɛnjuːˌaɪn/ /ˈd͡ʒɛnjuːˌɪn/ adj
prawdziwy autentyczny
real, authentic

genuine article n
autentyk

genuinely adv
autentycznie
truthfully, truly

genuineness n
autentyczność autentyzm prawdziwość szczerość
the quality of being genuine; authenticity

genus /ˈdʒiːnəs/ /ˈdʒɛnəs/ /ˈd͡ʒiːnəs/ n
rodzaj
rank in a taxonomic classification between family and species
taxon at this rank

geo- prefix
geo-
Earth

geobotany n
geobotanika
the branch of biogeography that is concerned with the geographic distribution of plant species

geocentric /ˌdʒiːəʊˈsɛntɹɪk/ /ˌd͡ʒioʊˈsɛntɹɪk/ adj
geocentryczny
having Earth at center

geocentrism n
geocentryzm
belief that Earth is the center of the universe

geochemistry n
geochemia
branch of chemistry

geodesy /dʒiːˈɒdɪsi/ /d͡ʒiˈɑdəsi/ n
geodezja
scientific discipline

geoglyph /ˈd͡ʒiːə(ʊ)ɡlɪf/ /ˈd͡ʒiːəɡlɪf/ n
geoglif
large-scale drawing on the ground

geographer /d͡ʒiˈɑ.ɡɹə.fɚ/ /d͡ʒiːˈɒɡ.ɹə.fə(ɹ)/ /d͡ʒiːˈɔɡ.ɹə.fə(ɹ)/ n
geograf geografka
a specialist in geography

geographic /d͡ʒiəˈɡɹæfɪk/ adj
geograficzny
pertaining to geography

geographic information system n
system informacji geograficznej
an electronic system

geography /dʒɪˈɒɡɹəfi/ /d͡ʒiˈɑɡɹəfi/ /ˈdʒɒɡɹəfi/ n
geografia ziemiopismo
study of physical structure and inhabitants of the Earth

geoid /ˈdʒiːɔɪd/ /ˈd͡ʒiˌɔɪd/ n
geoida
surface of constant gravitational potential at zero elevation

geologic /ˌdʒiː.əˈlɒdʒ.ɪk/ /ˌd͡ʒi.əˈlɑdʒ.ɪk/ adj
geologiczny
relating to geology

geologic joint n
cios
a fracture in rock

geologist /dʒiˈɒlədʒɪst/ /d͡ʒiˈɑːlədʒɪst/ n
geolog geolożka
person whose occupation specializes in geology

geology /d͡ʒiˈɑl.ə.dʒi/ /d͡ʒɪˈɒl.ə.d͡ʒɪ/ n
geologia
the study of the earth

geomancy n
geomancja
type of divination

geomathematics n
[[geo-]]matematyka

geometric /ˌd͡ʒi.oʊˈmɛt.ɹɪk/ /ˌd͡ʒi.əˈmɛt.ɹɪk/ /ˌd͡ʒiː.əʊˈmɛt.ɹɪk/ /ˌd͡ʒiː.əˈmet.ɹɪk/ /ˌd͡ʒiː.əˈmɛt.ɹɪk/ adj
geometryczny
of or relating to geometry

geometric mean n
średnia geometryczna
measure of central tendency

geometric progression n
ciąg geometryczny postęp geometryczny
sequence

geometry /d͡ʒiˈɑ.mə.tɹi/ /d͡ʒiːˈɒm.ɪ.tɹi/ /d͡ʒiːˈɔm.ə.tɹi/ /ˈd͡ʒɒm.ɪ.tɹi/ n
geometria
branch of mathematics
type of geometry

geomorphological adj
geomorfologiczny
pertaining to geomorphology

geomorphology n
geomorfologia
the study of landforms

geonomy n
geografia geologia

geophysical /ˌdʒiː.əʊˈfɪz.ɪk.əl/ adj
geofizyczny
of or pertaining to geophysics

geophysics /ˌdʒiː.əʊˈfɪz.ɪks/ n
geofizyka
branch of earth science

geophyte /ˈdʒiːə(ʊ)fʌɪt/ /ˈd͡ʒioʊˌfaɪt/ n
geofit
perennial plant

geopolitical adj
geopolityczny
of, or relating to geopolitics

geopolitically adv
geopolitycznie
according to geopolitics

geopolitics n
geopolityka
the study of the effects of geography on international politics

georgette n
żorżeta
fabric

geotropism /d͡ʒiˈɑt.ɹəˌpɪz.əm/ /d͡ʒiˈɒt.ɹəˌpɪz.əm/ n
barotropizm geotropizm grawitropizm
reduced photograph

geranium /dʒəˈɹeɪni.əm/ n
bodziszek geranium
cranesbill
pelargonia
common name for Pelargoniums

gerbil /ˈdʒɜːbl̩/ /ˈd͡ʒɝbl̩/ n
myszoskoczek gerbil suwak
small rodent

gerenuk /ˈɡɛɹɛnuːk/ n
gerenuk
Litocranius walleri

geriatric chair n
krzesło geriatryczne

geriatrician n
geriatra
doctor specialising in elderly people

germ /d͡ʒɜːm/ /d͡ʒɝm/ n
zalążek
idea
zarazek bakcyl mikrob
pathogenic microorganism

germander /d͡ʒəˈmændə/ /d͡ʒɚˈmændɚ/ n
ożanka
mint plant of genus Teucrium

germane /dʒɜː(ɹ)ˈmeɪn/ /d͡ʒɝˈmeɪn/ adj
istotny relewantny
related to the topic being discussed

germanium /d͡ʒɚˈmeɪni.əm/ n
german
chemical element

germicidal adj
bakteriobójczy
disinfectant

germicidally adv
bakteriobójczo

gerontic /dʒɛˈɹɒnt.ɪk/ /d͡ʒɛˈɹɑːnt.ɪk/ adj
gerontyczny starczy
of or pertaining to old age or the elderly

geronto- prefix
geronto-

gerontocracy /ˌdʒɛɹənˈtɒkɹəsi/ n
gerontokracja
government by elders

gerontology n
gerontologia
branch of science

gerontophilia n
gerontofilia
sexual attraction

geropsychology n
gerontopsychiatria psychogeriatria
branch of psychology

gerund /-ʌnd/ /ˈd͡ʒɛɹənd/ n
odsłownik rzeczownik odczasownikowy
verb form functioning as a verbal noun

gestalt /-ˈst-/ /ɡəˈstɔlt/ /ɡəˈʃtælt/ /ɡəˈʃtɑːlt/ /ɡəˈʃtɔlt/ n
postać
collection of entities that creates a unified concept

gestation /d͡ʒɛsˈteɪʃən/ n
ciąża
period of time a fetus develops inside mother's body

gesticulate /dʒɛsˈtɪkjəleɪt/ /dʒɛsˈtɪkjʊleɪt/ /d͡ʒɛsˈtɪkjəleɪt/ v
gestykulować
to make gestures

gesture /ˈd͡ʒɛs.t͡ʃə/ /ˈd͡ʒɛs.t͡ʃɚ/ /ˈd͡ʒɛs.t͡ʃɝ/ n
gest
motion of the limbs or body
act or remark

get /ɡɛt/ /ɡɪt/ v
dorwać
to physically assault
dostawać dostać
to receive
dostawać dostać otrzymać otrzymywać
to obtain

get a grip v
brać się w garść ogarniać się ogarnąć się wziąć się w garść
to return to a rational handling of reality

get a word in edgewise /ˌɡɛt ə ˈwɜːd ɪn ˈɛdʒwaɪz/ /ˌɡɛt ə ˈwɝd ɪn ˈɛdʒwaɪz/ v
dochodzić do głosu dojść do głosu
to break into or participate in a conversation

get ahead of oneself v
zapędzać się zapędzić się
to focus excessively on prospective future events

get along v
dogadać się dogadywać się
interact or coexist well, without argument or trouble

get away with v
ujść na sucho ujść płazem
to escape punishment for

get back v
odzyskać odzyskiwać
to retrieve, to have an item returned
wracać wrócić
to return to where one came from

get blood out of a stone v
wyciskać wodę z kamienia wycisnąć wodę z kamienia

get by v
radzić
subsist

get down to brass tacks v
przechodzić do rzeczy przejść do rzeczy
deal with the important details

get dressed v
odziać się odziewać się ubierać się ubrać się
to beclothe oneself, to put on clothes

get drunk v
dać sobie w gaz dać sobie w kanę dać sobie w żyłę dać w palnik najebać się napierdolić się
to intoxicate oneself with alcohol
spić upić
transitive; to make drunk

get fucked /ɡɛt fʌkt/ /ɡɪt fʌkt/ interjection
spierdalaj
curse meaning "go to hell"
go away, get lost
term used to express contempt

get high v
jarać ćpać
get high

get in the way v
stanąć na drodze stanąć na przeszkodzie stanąć na zawadzie stawać na drodze stać na drodze stać na przeszkodzie
to obstruct, hinder, or interfere

get into v
wstąpić wstępować
to make behave uncharacteristically

get laid v
przelecieć przespać się
to have sex

get lost interjection
spadaj zjeżdżaj
Go away!

get lost v
zabłądzić zgubić się błądzić gubić się zbłądzić
lose one's way

get married v
ożenić się wychodzić za mąż wyjść za mąż brać ślub wziąć ślub żenić się
become married to someone
pobierać pobrać
become married to each other

get off v
wypierdalać
to disembark from

get on someone's nerves v
działać na nerwy grać na nerwach
annoy or irritate

get one's act together v
brać się w garść wziąć się w garść
become serious and organized

get one's ass in gear v
ruszać dupę ruszyć dupę
to exert effective effort

get one's foot in the door v
ustawiać się ustawić się

get one's hands on v
położyć rękę
to get, to obtain, to secure

get one's head out of one's ass v
brać się w kupę wziąć się w kupę

get out interjection
wynoś się
indicating incredulity
wypierdalać
commanding a person to leave

get out v
uciekać
to come out of a situation
wychodzić wyjść
to leave or escape
wydać się wyjść na jaw
to become known
wyjmować wyjąć
to take something from its container
wysiadać wysiąść
to leave a vehicle such as a car

get out of Dodge v
uciec uciekać

get out of here interjection
wynocha wynoś się
command to leave

get over v
otrząsać się otrząsnąć się
to forget, and move on

get ready v
przygotować przygotowywać szykować
to make ready or prepare

get rid of v
pozbywać się pozbyć się
remove

get something over with v
mieć coś z głowy
put behind oneself

get the better of v
brać górę wziąć górę
to overwhelm or overcome

get to v
pójść w pięty
to upset or annoy

get to know v
poznać
to become acquainted with someone

get up v
wstawać wstać
to rise from one's bed

get up on the wrong side of the bed v
wstać lewą nogą
to feel irritable without a particular reason

get up to v
kombinować
to do something, especially something that you should not do

get used v
przyzwyczaić przywykać przywyknąć przyzwyczajać
to become accustomed (intransitive)

get well soon phraseologicalUnit
szybkiego powrotu do zdrowia
expressing hope that someone recovers soon

get wet v
moknąć
come into contact with water

get-together n
biesiada
party or social function

gewgaw /ˈɡjuːɡɔː/ /ˈɡuɡɔ/ n
świecidełko
a showy trifle, a toy

geyser /ˈɡaɪ.sɚ/ /ˈɡaɪ.zə/ /ˈɡaɪ.zɚ/ /ˈɡiː.zə/ n
gejzer
boiling spring

gherkin /ˈɡɜːkɪn/ /ˈɡɝkɪn/ n
korniszon
small cucumber

ghetto /ˈɡɛtoʊ/ /ˈɡɛtəʊ/ [ˈɡɛɾoʊ̯] n
getto
area of a city in which Jews were concentrated
area of a city where people of another ethnicity concentrate or are concentrated
area where people (distinguished by sharing something other than ethnicity) concentrate or are concentrated

ghettoization n
gettoizacja

ghost /ɡoʊst/ /ɡɐʉst/ /ɡəʊst/ n
duch upiór zjawa fantom zwid
spirit appearing after death

ghost /ɡoʊst/ /ɡɐʉst/ /ɡəʊst/ v
ghostować
slang, social media: to perform an act of ghosting: to break up with someone without warning or explanation; to ignore someone, especially on social media

ghost ship n
statek widmo
abandoned, possibly adrift ship that is haunted

ghost town /ˈɡoʊst taʊn/ /ˈɡəʊst taʊn/ n
miasto widmo
town which has become deserted

ghostly /ˈɡoʊstli/ adj
widmowy zmorowaty
pertaining to ghosts

ghostwriter n
murzyn ghostwriter
professional writer for another person

ghoul /ɡuːl/ /ɡʊəl/ n
ghul gul
a spirit said to feed on corpses

ghrelin /ˈɡɹɛlɪn/ n
grelina
peptide hormone that increases appetite

giant /ˈd͡ʒaɪ.ənt/ /ˈd͡ʒaɪnt/ /ˈd͡ʒʌɪ.ənt/ [ˈd͡ʒəɪ̯(ə)nt] adj
gigantyczny
giant

giant /ˈd͡ʒaɪ.ənt/ /ˈd͡ʒaɪnt/ /ˈd͡ʒʌɪ.ənt/ [ˈd͡ʒəɪ̯(ə)nt] n
gigant
Greek mythological creature
olbrzym
luminous star
olbrzym gigant wielkolud
mythical human
olbrzym wielkolud
very tall person

giant otter n
arirania amazońska
Pteronura brasiliensis

giant panda n
panda wielka
mammal

giantess /ˈd͡ʒaɪəntɛs/ n
gigantka olbrzymka
female giant

giaour /ˈd͡ʒaʊə/ n
giaur
infidel

gibberish /ˈd͡ʒɪb.ə.ɹɪʃ/ n
bajdura bełkot jazgot
unintelligible speech or writing
bełkot jazgot
needlessly obscure or overly technical language

gibberishlike adj
bełkotliwy

gibbet /ˈd͡ʒɪbɪt/ n
szubienica szafot
upright post with a crosspiece used for execution and subsequent public display; a gallows

gibbon /ˈɡɪbən/ n
gibon
small ape

giblets /ˈd͡ʒɪbləts/ /ˈɡɪbləts/ n
podroby
the organs of poultry

giddyup /ˈɡɪdiˌʌp/ /ˈɡɪdɪˌʌp/ /ˌɡɪdɪˈʌp/ interjection
wio
used to make a horse go faster

gift /ɡɪft/ n
dar prezent podarunek podarek
something given to another voluntarily, without charge
dar talent
talent or natural ability
prezent
something received incidentally, without effort

gift /ɡɪft/ v
dać w prezencie podarować sprezentować
(transitive) to give as a gift

gift-wrap n
papier do pakowania

giftedness n
uzdolnienie

gig /d͡ʒɪɡ/ /ɡɪɡ/ n
giga
clipping of gigabyte

gig /ɡɪɡ/ n
fucha koncert występ
performing engagement by a musician or musical group; job or role for a performer
dwukółka gig
two-wheeled carriage drawn by a single horse
gig
similar rowing boat or sailboat, especially one used for racing; six-oared sea rowing boat commonly found in Cornwall and the Isles of Scilly
small, narrow, open boat carried in a larger ship, and used for transportation between the ship and the shore, another vessel, etc.

giga- /ˈd͡ʒɪɡ.ə/ /ˈɡaɪ.ɡə/ /ˈɡɪɡ.ə/ prefix
giga-
SI prefix

gigabit /ˈd͡ʒɪɡəbɪt/ /ˈɡɪɡəbɪt/ n
gigabit
10⁹ bits

gigabyte /ˈd͡ʒɪɡəbaɪt/ /ˈɡɪɡəbaɪt/ n
gigabajt
one billion bytes

gigantic /d͡ʒaɪˈɡæntɪk/ adj
gigantyczny kolosalny olbrzymi ogromny
very large

gigantism /d͡ʒaɪˈɡæntɪzəm/ /d͡ʒəˈɡæntɪzəm/ /ˈd͡ʒaɪɡəntɪzəm/ n
gigantyzm
quality or state of being gigantic

giganto- prefix
giganto-

gigantomachy /d͡ʒaɪɡænˈtɒməki/ n
gigantomachia
uprising of the Giants against the Olympian gods

giggle /ˈɡɪɡl̩/ n
chichot
laugh

giggle /ˈɡɪɡl̩/ v
chichotać
laugh

gigolo /ˈd͡ʒɪɡ.ə.loʊ/ /ˈd͡ʒɪɡ.ə.ləʊ/ /ˈʒɪɡ.loʊ/ /ˈʒɪɡ.ə.ləʊ/ n
żigolo fordanser żigolak
hired escort or dancing partner
żigolo utrzymanek
male having sexual relationships for money

gild /ɡɪld/ v
pozłacać
to cover with a thin layer of gold

gild the lily /ˈɡɪld ðə ˈlɪli/ v
przedobrzać przedobrzyć
to improve unnecessarily

gilded /ˈɡɪldɪd/ adj
pozłacany złocony
having the color or quality of gold

gilded cage n
złota klatka
place or situation which is attractive but constraining

gill /ɡɪl/ n
blaszka
mushroom organ
skrzele
breathing organ of fish

gilt-head bream n
dorada
fish

gimbal /ˈd͡ʒɪmbəl/ /ˈɡɪmbəl/ n
kardan zawieszenie Cardana
device for suspending something

gimmick /ˈɡɪm.ɪk/ n
bajer gadżet trik wihajster
trick or a device

gin /d͡ʒɪn/ n
gin dżin jałowcówka
alcoholic beverage

ginger /ˈdʒɪndʒə/ /ˈd͡ʒɪnd͡ʒɚ/ adj
imbirowy
flavor
rudy ruda ryża ryży
reddish-brown

ginger /ˈdʒɪndʒə/ /ˈd͡ʒɪnd͡ʒɚ/ n
imbir
plant
spice
rudy
colour/color
rudzielec
person with reddish-brown hair

ginger beer n
piwo imbirowe
drink flavoured with ginger

gingerbread /ˈd͡ʒɪn.(d͡)ʒəˌbɹɛd/ /ˈd͡ʒɪn.d͡ʒɚˌbɹɛd/ n
piernik pierniczek
type of cake

gingerbread man n
piernikowy ludzik
cookie in the shape of a person, flavoured with ginger

gingival /ˈd͡ʒɪnd͡ʒɪvəl/ adj
dziąsłowy
relating to the gums

ginkgo /ˈɡɪŋ.kəʊ/ n
miłorząb
tree

ginseng /ˈd͡ʒɪnsɛŋ/ /ˈd͡ʒɪnsɪŋ/ n
wszechlek żeń-szeń
any of several plants, of the genus Panax
żeń-szeń
root of such a plant, or the extract

giraffe /dʒɪˈɹɑːf/ /d͡ʒəˈɹæf/ n
żyrafa
mammal

gird up one's loins v
szykować się
to prepare oneself for something demanding

girder /ˈɡɜːdə(ɹ)/ /ˈɡɝdɚ/ n
belka dźwigar
main horizontal support in a building

girl /ɡɛəl/ /ɡɜːɫ/ /ɡɝ.əl/ /ɡɝl/ /ɡɪəl/ /ɡɵːl/ [ɡʏw] n
dziewczyna dziewczynka dziewa dziewczę dzieweczka dziewka
young female person

girl band n
girls band girlsband

girl group n
girls band
pop group made up of young women

girl power n
gdzie diabeł nie może, tam babę pośle

girlfriend /ˈɡɜːlfɹɛnd/ /ˈɡɝlfɹɛnd/ n
dziewczyna przyjaciółka sympatia
a female partner in a romantic relationship
przyjaciółka
a female friend

girlish /ˈɡɜː.lɪʃ/ /ˈɡɝ.lɪʃ/ adj
dziewczęcy
like a girl

girlishly adv
po babsku

girlishness n
babskość babstwo
quality of being girlish

girly /ˈɡɜːli/ /ˈɡɝli/ adj
babski
characteristic of a stereotypical girl

giro /ˈdʒaɪɹəʊ/ n
żyro
type of transfer of funds

girth /ɡɜːθ/ /ɡɝθ/ n
popręg
equipment

gisarme /ɡiˈzɑɹm/ /ɡɪ-/ /ɡɪˈzɑːm/ n
gizarma
a type of polearm

gist /d͡ʒɪst/ n
baza
main idea or substance, or the most essential part, of a longer or more complicated matter

give /ɡɪv/ v
dawać dać przekazywać przekazać
transfer the possession of something to someone else

give a man a fish and you feed him for a day; teach a man to fish and you feed him for a lifetime proverb
dając człowiekowi rybę - karmisz go na jeden dzień; dając człowiekowi wędkę - karmisz go na całe życie.
more worthwhile to teach someone than do it for them

give a shit /ˈɡɪv ə ˌʃɪt/ v
gówno obchodzić mieć w dupie
to (not) care

give and take n
wzajemne ustępstwa

give back v
oddawać oddać zwracać zwrócić
to return

give birth v
rodzić urodzić
produce new life

give head v
robić loda
slang: to perform oral sex on another person

give me v
daj mi dajcie mi proszę mi dać
expression of preference

give one's all v
dawać z siebie wszystko dać z siebie wszystko
make the utmost effort

give one's word v
dawać słowo dać słowo
to promise

give or take adv
mniej więcej z grubsza

give rise to v
dać początek zapoczątkować
to be the origin of; to produce

give someone a piece of one's mind v
wygarniać wygarnąć
to rebuke someone

give the floor v
oddawać głos oddać głos

give the lie to v
zadawać kłam zadać kłam
to prove (something) to be false

give up v
oddać
relinquish
poddawać się poddać się
surrender
poddać się
admit defeat
porzucić
abandon
tracić nadzieję
lose hope
zrezygnować zaprzestać
stop, quit, desist

give up the ghost v
wyzionąć ducha
to die

give way v
ustąpić miejsca ustępować miejsca
to be followed by
ustąpić pierwszeństwa
to give precedence to other road users
ustąpić ustępować
to yield to persistent persuasion

give way sign n
ustąp pierwszeństwa
give way sign

given /ˈɡɪv.ən/ adj
dany
already arranged
currently discussed

given /ˈɡɪv.ən/ preposition
ze względu na
considering, taking into account

given name n
imię
name chosen for a child by its parents

given that conjunction
biorąc pod uwagę, że z uwagi na
in consideration of the fact that

gizmo /ˈɡɪzmoʊ/ n
wihajster gadżet ustrojstwo
thingy

gizzard /ˈɡɪzəd/ /ˈɡɪzɚd/ n
mielec żołądek mięśniowy
portion of the esophagus with ingested grit

glacial /ˈɡleɪ.sɪəl/ /ˈɡleɪ.ʃ(ɪ)əl/ adj
glacjalny lodowcowy
relating to glaciers

glacial erratic n
głaz narzutowy
rock

glacier /ˈɡleɪ.ʃɚ/ /ˈɡleɪs.jə/ /ˈɡleɪs.jɚ/ /ˈɡlæs.jə/ n
lodowiec
a large body of ice which flows under its own mass, usually downhill

glaciology /ˌɡleɪsɪˈɒlədʒi/ /ˌɡleɪʃiˈɑləd͡ʒi/ n
glacjologia
study of ice and its effect on the landscape

glacis /ˈɡleɪsɪs/ /ˈɡlæsi/ n
przedstok
gentle incline in front of a fortification

glad /ɡlæd/ adj
zadowolony szczęśliwy rad uradowany usatysfakcjonowany
pleased, happy, satisfied

glade /ɡleɪd/ n
polana
open space in the woods

gladiator /ˈɡlædiˌeɪtɚ/ n
gladiator
(in ancient Rome) a person (professional or slave) who entertained the public by engaging in mortal combat with another, or with a wild animal

gladiatorial adj
gladiatorski
of or pertaining to a gladiator

gladiatrix n
gladiatorka
gladiator (female)

gladiolus /ɡlædɪˈoʊləs/ /ɡlædɪˈəʊləs/ n
mieczyk
plant

gladly /ˈɡlædli/ adv
chętnie ochoczo skwapliwie
willingly, certainly

glaive /ɡleɪv/ n
glewia
weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade

glamorize v
uatrakcyjniać
make more glamorous

glance /ɡlæns/ /ɡlɑːns/ n
pogląd rzut oka
brief or cursory look
błyszcz
any of various sulphides which have a brilliant metallic lustre

glance /ɡlæns/ /ɡlɑːns/ v
rzucić okiem spojrzeć rzucać okiem zerkać zerknąć
to look briefly at (something)

gland /ɡlænd/ n
gruczoł
organ that synthesizes and secretes substance
secretory structure on the surface of an organ

glanders n
nosacizna
disease

glans penis /ˌɡlænz ˈpiːnɪs/ n
żołądź
conical vascularized body forming the extremity of the penis

glare /ɡlɛə/ /ɡlɛɚ/ n
blask
brilliance
light

glasnost n
głasnost
a policy of the Soviet Union

glass /ɡlæs/ /ɡlɑːs/ [ɡlas] [ɡleəs] [ɡläːs] [ɡlæs] [ɡlɐːs] [ɡlɑːs] [ɡlɛəs] n
szklanka kieliszek szkło
drinking vessel
szkło szklanka
substance

glass ceiling n
szklany sufit
unwritten, uncodified barrier

glass cleaner n
płyn do mycia szyb
a specific formula of cleaning fluid for glass surfaces

glass harmonica n
harmonika szklana
a musical instrument

glass harp /ɡlæs hɑɹp/ /ɡlɑːs hɑːp/ n
anielskie organy szklana harfa

glass wool n
wełna szklana
insulating material

glassblower n
bańkarz
person skilled in the art of glassblowing

glassmaking n
szklarstwo

glasspaper n
papier ścierny szmergiel

glassware n
wyroby szklane
tableware made of glass

glassy /ɡlæsi/ /ɡlɑːsi/ adj
szklany
of or like glass

glaucoma /ɡlaʊˈkoʊmə/ /ɡlɔːˈkoʊmə/ /ɡlɔːˈkəʊmə/ n
jaskra glaukoma
eye disease

glaze /ɡleɪz/ n
glazura polewa
coating on pottery
edible coating

glaze /ɡleɪz/ v
oszklić szklić
to install windows

glazier /ˈɡleɪzi.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈɡleɪzi.əɹ/ /ˈɡleɪzjə(ɹ)/ /ˈɡleɪʒə(ɹ)/ /ˈɡleɪʒəɹ/ n
szklarz
craftsman who works with glass, fitting windows, etc

gleanings /ˈɡliːnɪŋz/ n
pokłosie
the crops leftover from fields after harvesting

glee /ɡliː/ n
radość zadowolenie
Joy; merriment; mirth; gayety; particularly, the mirth enjoyed at a feast

glen /ɡlɛn/ /ɡlɪn/ n
wąwóz
secluded and narrow valley

gleysol n
glej
soil type

glib /ɡlɪb/ adj
gładki
smooth or slippery
wygadany
having a ready flow of words but lacking thought or understanding

glide path n
ścieżka podejścia
path of an aircraft

glider /ˈɡlaɪdə(ɹ)/ /ˈɡlaɪdɚ/ n
szybowiec
aircraft

gliding /ˈɡlɑɪdɪŋ/ n
szybownictwo
hobby, sport}} or act of flying a glider

glimmer of hope n
iskierka nadziei promyk nadziei płomyk nadziei

glint /ɡlɪnt/ n
błysk
short flash of light

glioma /ɡlaɪˈəʊmə/ n
glejak
type of tumour

glissando n
biegnik glissando
musical term

glisten /ˈɡlɪsən/ v
błyszczeć
to reflect light with a glittering luster

glitch /ɡlɪt͡ʃ/ n
pluskwa
problem, bug, imperfection, quirk

glitchless adj
bezusterkowy

glitter /ˈɡlɪtə(ɹ)/ /ˈɡlɪtɚ/ [ˈɡlɪɾɚ] n
blask
bright, sparkling light; brilliant and showy luster; brilliancy
brokat
shiny, decoractive adornment

glitter /ˈɡlɪtə(ɹ)/ /ˈɡlɪtɚ/ [ˈɡlɪɾɚ] v
błyszczeć lśnić połyskiwać
to sparkle with light

gloat /ɡloʊt/ /ɡləʊt/ v
napawać się czyimś nieszczęściem
to exhibit a conspicuous sense of self-satisfaction

global /ˈɡloʊbəl/ /ˈɡləʊbəl/ adj
globalny
of or relating to a globe or sphere
of a variable, in computing
globalny światowy
concerning all parts of the world
kulisty sferyczny
spherical

global maximum n
maksymalna wartość funkcji

global minimum n
minimalna wartość funkcji

global village n
globalna wioska
world as single community

global warming n
globalne ocieplenie
increase in the average temperature of the earth's atmosphere to cause climate change

globalisation /ˌɡloʊ.bə.lɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/ /ˌɡləʉ.bə.lɑɪˈzæɪ.ʃən/ /ˌɡləʊ.bə.laɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/ n
globalizacja
process of becoming a more interconnected world

globalism n
globalizm
doctrine of globalization

globally /ˈɡloʊbəli/ /ˈɡləʊbəli/ adv
globalnie
in all places
over the entire planet

globe /ɡloʊb/ /ɡloːb/ /ɡləʊb/ n
globus
model of Earth
kula ziemska glob glob ziemski
planet Earth

globeflower n
pełnik
plant of the genus Trollius

globetrotter /ˈɡləʊbˌtɹɒtə(ɹ)/ n
obieżyświat
person who travels often to faraway places

globus cruciger /ˌɡloʊ̯bəs ˈkrusɪd͡ʒɚ/ /ˌɡləʊ̯bəs ˈkɹuːsɪd͡ʒə/ n
jabłko królewskie
royal symbol of power

glockenspiel /-spil/ /-spiːl/ /ˈɡlɑk.ənˌʃpil/ /ˈɡlɒk.ənˌʃpiːl/ /ˈɡlɔk.n̩ˌʃpiːl/ /ˈɡlɔk.ŋ̩ˌʃpiːl/ n
dzwonki kuranty
musical instrument

gloomily adv
mrocznie
in a gloomy manner

gloomy /ˈɡlumi/ /ˈɡluːmi/ adj
mroczny
imperfectly illuminated

glop /ɡlɒp/ n
paćka

glorification n
gloryfikacja wychwalanie
the act of glorifying or the state of being glorified

glorify /ˈɡlɔɹɪfaɪ/ v
gloryfikować wysławiać wysławić
to exalt, or give glory or praise to something or someone

glory /ˈɡlo(ː)ɹi/ /ˈɡlɔɹ.i/ /ˈɡlɔː.ɹi/ [ˈɡloɹ.i] n
chwała
worship or praise
sława chwała gloria splendor
honour, admiration or distinction
sława chwała splendor
great beauty or splendour

gloss /ɡlɑs/ /ɡlɒs/ /ɡlɔs/ n
glosa
brief explanatory note or translation of a difficult or complex expression
extensive commentary on some text

glossary /ˈɡlɒsəɹi/ n
glosariusz glosarium
list of words with their definitions

glosso- /ɡlɑs.oʊ/ /ɡlɒs.ə(ʊ)/ /ɡlɔs.oʊ/ prefix
gloso-

glossolalia /ˌɡlɑsəˈleɪliə/ /ˌɡlɒsəˈleɪliə/ n
glosolalia
speaking in tongues

glossy /ˈɡlɑsi/ /ˈɡlɒsi/ /ˈɡlɔsi/ adj
błyszczący lśniący
having a reflective surface

glossy antshrike n
mrowiec zalobny
a passerine bird of the antbird family

glott- prefix
glotto-

glottal /ˈɡlɑ.tl̩/ /ˈɡlɒt.l̩/ /ˈɡlɔt.l̩/ [ˈɡlɑ.ɾl̩] [ˈɡlɔɾ.l̩] adj
głośniowy
of or relating to the glottis
krtaniowy
articulated with the glottis

glottal stop /ɡlɑtəl stɑp/ /ɡlɒtəl stɒp/ /ɡlɒʔəl stɒp/ n
zwarcie krtaniowe
plosive sound articulated with the glottis

glottis /ˈɡlɑ.tɪs/ /ˈɡlɒ.tɪs/ n
głośnia
organ of speech

glove /ɡlʌv/ n
rękawiczka rękawica
item of clothing

glove compartment n
schowek
compartment recessed in an automobile’s dashboard

glover /ˈɡlʌvə/ /ˈɡlʌvɚ/ n
rękawicznica rękawicznik
person who makes gloves

glow /ɡloʊ/ /ɡləʊ/ n
blask ciepło gorąco
the brilliance or warmth of color in an environment or on a person
blask poblask pobrzask poświata łuna żar
the state of a glowing object
blask zapał żarliwość
the condition of being passionate or having warm feelings

glow /ɡloʊ/ /ɡləʊ/ v
jarzyć się żarzyć się
to radiate thermal heat
lśnić świecić
to shine brightly and steadily
pałać promienieć
to radiate some emotional quality like light
żarzyć się jarzyć się
to give off light from heat or to emit light as if heated

glucometer n
glukometr
glucose meter

glucosamine n
glikozamina
an amino derivative of glucose

glucose /ˈɡlukoʊs/ /ˈɡluːkəʊz/ n
glukoza
simple monosaccharide sugar

glue /ɡljuː/ /ɡluː/ n
klej
sticky adhesive substance

glue /ɡljuː/ /ɡluː/ v
kleić lepić przykleić przylepić skleić
join with glue

glue stick n
klej w sztyfcie
solid adhesive tube

gluon /ˈɡluːɒn/ n
gluon
massless gauge boson

gluonic adj
gluonowy
mediated by gluons

glutamate /ˈɡluːtəmeɪt/ n
glutaminian
salt or ester of glutamic acid

glutamic acid n
kwas glutaminowy
the nonessential amino acid (α-amino-glutaric acid)

glutamine /ˈɡlutəmin/ n
glutamina
nonessential amino acid; C₅H10N₂O₃

gluteal adj
pośladkowy
relating to the buttocks

gluten /ˈɡluːtn̩/ /ˈɡluːtən/ n
gluten
cereal protein

gluten-free adj
bezglutenowy
containing no gluten

gluteus maximus n
mięsień pośladkowy wielki
the largest of the muscles of each buttock

glutton /ˈɡlʌt(ə)n/ n
żarłok łakomczuch
one who eats voraciously

gluttony /ˈɡlʌ.tən.i/ n
obżarstwo łakomstwo żarłoczność
the vice of eating to excess

glyceride /ˈɡlɪsəɹaɪd/ n
gliceryd
an ester of glycerol and one or more fatty acids

glycerine /ˈɡlɪsəɹɪn/ n
gliceryna
the compound glycerol

glycerol n
glicerol
a sweet syrupy oily liquid

glycine /ˈɡlaɪˌsin/ n
glicyna
amino acid

glyco- prefix
gliko- gluko-
sugars

glycol /ˈɡlaɪ̯.kɒl/ n
glikol
any aliphatic diol

glycolic acid n
kwas glikolowy

glyph /ɡlɪf/ n
hieroglif
carved relief representing a sound, word or idea

glyphosate /ɡlaɪˈfɒseɪt/ /ˈɡlaɪfə-/ /ˈɡlɪfəseɪt/ n
glifosat
chemical

gnarl /nɑː(ɹ)l/ n
sęk
knot in wood

gnarled /nɑː(ɹ)ld/ adj
sękaty
knotty and misshapen

gnash /næʃ/ v
zgrzytać
to grind one's teeth in pain or in anger

gnateater n
mrówkożer
any of the South American passerine bird in the family Conopophagidae

gnaw /nɑ/ /nɔ/ /nɔː/ v
gryźć głodać
to bite something persistently

gneiss /ˈnaɪs/ n
gnejs
common and widely-distributed metamorphic rock

gnocchi /ˈnjoʊ.ki/ /ˈnjɒ.ki/ /ˈnɒ.ki/ n
gnocchi
pasta-like dumplings

gnome /noʊm/ /nəʊm/ n
gnom skarbek
elemental being of earth
sóweczka dwuplamista
small owl, Glaucidium gnoma

gnomon /ˈnoʊ.mən/ /ˈnoʊˌmɑn/ /ˈnəʊ.mən/ /ˈnəʊˌmɒn/ n
gnomon
object used to tell time by the shadow it casts when the sun shines on it

gnomonic /nəʊˈmɒnɪk/ adj
gnomoniczny
showing all great circles as straight lines

gnomonics /nəʊˈmɒnɪks/ n
gnomonika
The science and art of sundials

gnoseological adj
gnoseologiczny
of or pertaining to gnoseology

gnoseology n
epistemologia gnoseologia teoria poznania
scientific or philosophical study of knowledge

gnosiologically adv
gnoseologicznie
in terms of gnosiology

gnu /njuː/ /nuː/ /ɡəˈnjuː/ /ɡəˈnuː/ n
gnu antylopa gnu
large antelope of the genus Connochaetes

go /ɡoʊ/ [ɡu] [ɡɐʉ] [ɡəʉ] [ɡəʊ] n
kolej
turn at something
pozwolenie
approval
próba
attempt
go
board game

go /ɡoʊ/ [ɡu] [ɡɐʉ] [ɡəʉ] [ɡəʊ] v
działać iść
of a machine, to work
iść jechać chodzić pojechać jeździć pójść
to move through space (especially from one place to another)
pasować iść
to fit
robić
to make (a specified sound)
stawać się robić się
to become
zniknąć znikać
to disappear

go Dutch v
płacić osobno
split the cost

go a long way v
odnieść sukces odnosić sukces
achieve considerable success
wystarczać wystarczyć
be helpful for a significant amount of time

go against the grain v
iść pod prąd
to defy convention

go ahead /ˌɡoʊ əˈhɛd/ /ˌɡu əˈhɛd/ /ˌɡɐʉ əˈhɛd/ /ˌɡəʉ əˈhɛd/ /ˌɡəʊ əˈhɛd/ v
zacząć śmiało
grant permission (imperative)

go all out v
dawać z siebie wszystko dać z siebie wszystko
put forth all possible effort

go away interjection
idź stąd!

go away v
odchodzić odejść
to depart or leave a place
wyjechać wyjeżdżać
to travel somewhere, especially on holiday or vacation
zniknąć
to become invisible, vanish or disappear

go bad v
gnić zgnić
of foods: to spoil or rot

go bankrupt v
bankrutować plajtować pobankrutować popadać poupadać splajtować
to become bankrupt

go down in history v
przechodzić do historii przejść do historii

go downhill /ɡɐʉ dɐʉnˈhɪɫ/ v
pogarszać sie pogarszyć sie psuć się zepsuć się
worsen, degenerate

go far v
odnieść sukces odnosić sukces
to attain success

go figure /ɡoʊ ˈfɪɡjɚ/ phraseologicalUnit
i bądź tu mądry
expression of perplexity or surprise

go fly a kite phraseologicalUnit
spadać na drzewo
go away

go for broke v
postawić wszystko na jedną kartę stawiać wszystko na jedną kartę
to try everything possible in a final attempt

go for the throat v
skakać do oczu skoczył do oczu

go fuck oneself phraseologicalUnit
idź się jebać pierdol się

go in one ear and out the other v
jednym uchem wchodzi, a drugim wychodzi
to be heard but not attended to

go it alone /ˈɡoʊ ɪt əˈloʊn/ /ˈɡəʊ ɪt əˈləʊn/ v
robić coś sam zrobić coś sam
do something alone or independently

go nuts v
baw się dobrze bawcie się dobrze śmiało
in the imperative
oszaleć szaleć wariować zwariować
to become mad

go out v
wychodzić wyjść
to leave, especially a building
zgasnąć gasnąć
to be turned off or extinguished

go over v
przestudiować przestudiowywać
to scrutinise

go the way of the dodo /ˈɡoʊ ðə ˌweɪ ə(v) ðə ˈdoʊˌdoʊ/ /ˈɡəʊ ðə ˌweɪ ə(v) ðə ˈdəʊdəʊ/ v
wychodzić z mody wyjść z mody
to go extinct or become obsolete; to fall out of common practice or use

go to bed v
kłaść się
to lie down to sleep

go to bed with the sun v
chodzić spać z kurami

go to hell v
idź do diabła
interjection

go to shit v
iść w pizdu
to become worse

go to someone's head v
uderzać do głowy uderzyć do głowy

go to the dogs v
schodzić na psy
idiomatic: to decline or deteriorate

go to waste v
marnować zmarnować

go too far v
przeciągać strunę przeciągnąć strunę

go up v
podnieść podnosić
to move upwards

go up in smoke v
iść z dymem pójść iść z dymem
catch fire
pójść z dymem
be ruined

go with the flow v
iść z nurtem
to act as others are acting

go-cart n
gokart
a racing vehicle

go-getter n
przebojowy
one who is motivated or inclined to excel

go-it-alone /ˈɡoʊ ɪt əˈloʊn/ /ˈɡəʊ ɪt əˈləʊn/ adj
robiony po swojemu
done alone or independently

goad /ɡoʊd/ /ɡəʊd/ n
oścień
pointed stick used to prod animals

goad /ɡoʊd/ /ɡəʊd/ v
podjudzać podjudzić
to incite or provoke
podpuszczać prowadzić wodzić
prowadzić
to prod with a goad

goal /ɡoʊl/ /ɡɐʉl/ /ɡəʊl/ [ɡoɫ] [ɡɒʊɫ] n
bramka
in many sports, an area into which the players attempt to put an object
cel bramka
result one is attempting to achieve
gol bramka
(sport) act of placing the object into the goal
point(s) scored

goal area n
przedpole
soccer: area of the pitch closest to goal

goal celebration n
cieszynka
choreography after scoring a goal

goal line n
linia bramkowa
in soccer

goalkeeper n
bramkarz
player that protects a goal

goalless adj
bezbramkowy
without scored goals

goallessly adv
bezbramkowo
in a goalless manner

goalpost /ˈɡoʊlpoʊst/ /ˈɡɔʊl-/ /ˈɡəʊlpəʊst/ n
słupek
vertical side pole of a goal

goat /ɡoʊt/ /ɡoːt/ /ɡɐʉt/ /ɡəʊt/ [ɡoʊʔt̚] n
koza kozioł
animal

goat cheese n
kozi ser ser kozi
cheese produced by goat milk

goat's-beard /ˈɡəʊtsbɪəd/ n
kozibród
any plant of the genus Tragopogon
parzydło
Aruncus dioicus

goatee /ɡəʊˈtiː/ /ˌɡoʊˈtiː/ n
kozia bródka
beard at the center of the chin

goatgrass n
koziook ościec twałek
Aegilops

goatherd n
koziarz koziarka pasterka kóz pasterz kóz pastuch kóz pastuszka kóz
person who herds, tends goats

goatmeat n
kozina
goat eaten as meat

goatmilk n
mleko kozie
product

gobble /ˈɡɑbl̩/ /ˈɡɒbl̩/ v
szamać wszamać żreć
to eat hastily or greedily

gobbledygook n
bełkot
nonsense; meaningless or encrypted language

goblet /ˈɡɒblət/ n
kielich puchar
drinking vessel with a foot and stem

goblet drum n
darbuka
drum from the Middle-East and North Africa

goblin /ˈɡɑb.lɪn/ /ˈɡɒb.lɪn/ n
goblin
hostile diminutive humanoid in fantasy literature

goblin shark n
rekin chochlik
Mitsukurina owstoni

god /ɡɑd/ /ɡɒd/ /ɡɒːd/ /ɡɔd/ /ɡɔːd/ n
bóg
idol
bóg bóstwo

goddamn /ˈɡɒd.dæm/ /ˌɡɒdˈdæm/ adj
cholera do diabła do diaska kurka
intensifier

goddamn /ˈɡɒd.dæm/ /ˌɡɒdˈdæm/ interjection
cholera!
an expression of anger, surprise, or frustration

goddaughter /ˈɡɑdˌdɔ.tɚ/ /ˈɡɒdˌdɔːtə(ɹ)/ n
chrześnica chrześniaczka
A female child whose baptism is sponsored by a godparent.

goddess /-ɛs/ /-ɪs/ /ˈɡɑdəs/ /ˈɡɒdɛs/ n
bogini
female deity
adored or idealized woman

godfather /ˈɡɑdfɑðɚ/ /ˈɡɒdfɑːðə/ n
ojciec chrzestny
mafia leader
ojciec chrzestny chrzestny
man present at the christening of a baby who promises to help raise the child in a Christian manner

godfearing adj
bogobojny
obedient to a deity
bogobojny pobożny
religiously devout

godless /ˈɡɒdləs/ adj
bezbożny
not acknowledging any deity or god; without belief in any deity or god

godlessly adv
bezbożnie

godlessness n
bezbożnictwo
state of being godless

godlike /ˈɡɑdlaɪk/ /ˈɡɒdlaɪk/ adj
boski
having characteristics of a god

godliness n
bogobojność pobożność
the condition and quality of being godly

godly /ˈɡɑdli/ /ˈɡɒdli/ adj
boski
gloriously good
boski boży
of or pertaining to a god
pobożny
devoted to a god or God

godmother /ˈɡɒdmʌðə/ n
matka chrzestna chrzestna
woman present at the christening of a baby who promises to help raise the child in a Christian manner

godparent n
chrzestny chrzestna
person who stood for a child during a naming ceremony or baptism

godsend /ˈɡɑdˌsɛnd/ /ˈɡɒdsɛnd/ n
dar niebios
instance of unexpected benefit or good fortune

godson /ˈɡɑdˌsʌn/ /ˈɡɒdˌsʌn/ n
chrześniak
Male child whose baptism is sponsored by a godparent.

godwit /ˈɡɑd.wɪt/ /ˈɡɒd.wɪt/ n
rycyk
Long-billed wading bird

goer /ˈɡoʊɚ/ n
bywalczyni bywalec
one who goes

goggles /ˈɡɑ.ɡəlz/ n
gogle okulary ochronne
protective eyewear

going /ˈɡoʊɪŋ/ /ˈɡɔɪŋ/ /ˈɡəʊɪŋ/ adj
bieżący
current, prevailing
dostępny
available
realny
likely to continue; viable

going /ˈɡoʊɪŋ/ /ˈɡɔɪŋ/ /ˈɡəʊɪŋ/ n
odejście odjazd odlot
departure
postęp
progress
sposoby
course of life, doings, ways
warunki
conditions for advancing

going /ˈɡoʊɪŋ/ /ˈɡɔɪŋ/ /ˈɡəʊɪŋ/ v
chodzący
attending habitually or regularly

goitre /ˈɡɔɪ.tə/ /ˈɡɔɪ.tɚ/ n
wole
enlargement of the neck

gold /ɡaʉld/ /ɡoʊld/ /ɡuːld/ /ɡəʊld/ [ɡɒʊ(ɫ)d] [ɡɔʊ(ɫ)d] adj
złocisty złoty
having the colour of gold
złoty złoto
made of gold, golden

gold /ɡaʉld/ /ɡoʊld/ /ɡuːld/ /ɡəʊld/ [ɡɒʊ(ɫ)d] [ɡɔʊ(ɫ)d] symbol
złoto złoty
element Au
anything or anyone considered to be very valuable
złoto złoty medal
gold medal
złoty złoto
colour

gold digger /ɡəʊld ˈdɪɡə(ɹ)/ n
naciągaczka
person who cultivates a personal relationship in order to attain money and/or material goods, power
poszukiwacz złota
someone who digs or mines for gold

gold mine n
kopalnia złota złoty interes żyła złota
very profitable economic venture

gold rush /ˈɡoʊldˌɹʌʃ/ /ˈɡəʊldˌɹʌʃ/ n
gorączka złota
period of feverish migration into an area in which gold has been discovered

gold standard n
złoty standard
test or measure of comparison that is considered ultimate or ideal

gold-bearing adj
złotodajny złotonośny
containing or producing gold

gold-plated adj
złocony
having a thin layer of gold

goldcrest n
mysikrólik
bird

golden /ˈɡoʊl.dən/ /ˈɡəʊl.dən/ [ˈɡɒʊ̯ɫ.dn̩] [ˈɡəɫ.dn̩] adj
wielki złoty
advantageous or very favourable
złoty
made of, or relating to, gold
marked by prosperity, creativity, etc.
relating to a fiftieth anniversary
złoty złocisty
having a colour or other richness suggestive of gold

golden age /ˈɡoʊl.dən eɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈɡəʊl.dən eɪd͡ʒ/ n
złoty wiek
time of progress and achievement

golden anniversary n
złote gody złote wesele
50th anniversary

golden calf n
złoty cielec
A golden image of a calf
Money

golden eagle /ˈɡəʊl.dən ˈiː.ɡəl/ n
orzeł przedni
large bird of prey

golden goal n
złoty gol
first goal scored during extra time

golden goose n
kura znosząca złote jajka
something that generates much profit

golden handshake n
odprawa
generous severance payment

golden jackal n
szakal złocisty
Canis aureus

golden mean /ˈɡoʊl.dən ˈmiːn/ /ˈɡəʊl.dən ˈmiːn/ n
złoty środek
balance between excess and deficiency

golden opportunity n
złota okazja

golden oriole n
boguwola wilga
bird

golden parachute n
złoty spadochron
agreement on benefits

golden ratio n
złoty podział złota proporcja
irrational number

golden share n
złota akcja

golden shower n
złoty deszcz
the act of a person urinating on another

golden years n
złote czasy
old age
period of flourishment

goldenly adv
złocisto złociście złoto
In a golden manner

goldenrod /ˈɡoʊldənˌɹɑd/ n
nawłoć
plant

goldfinch n
szczygieł
any of several passerine birds

goldfish /ˈɡoʊldfɪʃ/ n
złota rybka
fish

goldilocks /ˈɡəʊldilɒks/ n
złotowłosa złotowłosy
person with golden hair

goldsmith n
złotnik
person who makes things out of gold

golem /ˈɡoʊ.ləm/ /ˈɡɑl.əm/ /ˈɡɒl.əm/ /ˈɡəʊ.ləm/ n
golem
creature

golf /ɡɑlf/ /ɡɒf/ /ɡɒlf/ /ɡɔlf/ n
golf
ball game

golfer /ˈɡɒlfə(ɹ)/ n
golfista golfistka
someone who plays golf

golfwear n
ubranie golfowe

gombolola n
[[pod-]]hrabstwo

gon- prefix
gono-

gonad /ˈɡəʊ.næd/ n
gonada
sex gland

gondola /ˈɡɒn.də.lə/ n
gondola
narrow boat, especially in Venice
enclosed car suspended to a cable onto which it travels
car or basket of an airship

gondolier /ˌɡɑndəˈlɪɹ/ /ˌɡɒndəˈlɪə(ɹ)/ n
gondolier gondolierka
Venetian boatman who propels a gondola

gonfalon /-lən/ /ˈɡɑːn.fəˌlɑːn/ n
chorągiew gonfalon
a standard or ensign

gong /ɡɑŋ/ /ɡɒŋ/ /ɡɔŋ/ n
gong
percussion instrument

gonorrhea /ˌɡɑn.əˈɹi.ə/ /ˌɡɒn.əˈɹiː.ə/ n
rzeżączka
STD

goo /ɡuː/ n
babranina glut
sticky or gummy semi-solid or liquid substance

goo goo ga ga /ˈɡuː ɡuː ˈɡɑː ɡɑː/ interjection
gugu gaga
imitation of the sound of a baby

good /ɡʊ(d)/ /ɡʊd/ [ɡud] [ɡɪ̈d] [ɡʊd] [ɡʊ̈d] adj
dobry
acting in the interest of good; ethical good intentions
favourable
pleasant; enjoyable
useful for a particular purpose
beneficial; worthwhile
effective
healthful
of food, having a particularly pleasant taste
of people, competent or talented
of food, edible; not stale or rotten
full; entire; at least

good /ɡʊ(d)/ /ɡʊd/ [ɡud] [ɡɪ̈d] [ɡʊd] [ɡʊ̈d] n
dobro dobroć
the forces of good

good afternoon phraseologicalUnit
dzień dobry
greeting said in the afternoon

good as gold adj
dobrze wychowany
well-behaved

good cop bad cop n
dobry i zły glina dobry i zły policjant
psychological tactic

good day phraseologicalUnit
dzień dobry
greeting between sunrise and sunset

good evening interjection
dobry wieczór
greeting said in the evening

good faith /ˌɡʊd ˈfeɪθ/ n
dobra wiara
good, honest intentions

good for someone interjection
brawo ty
an exclamation of encouragement or congratulation

good heavens /ɡʊd ˈhɛvənz/ interjection
ojejku
exclamation of surprise or shock

good job interjection
dobra robota
a phrase used to praise for a good job or efforts

good loser n
osoba, która umie przegrywać

good luck /ˌɡʊd ˈlʌk/ interjection
powodzenia!
used to wish fortune on someone or as encouragement

good luck /ˌɡʊd ˈlʌk/ n
szczęście
positive fortune

good manners n
dobre maniery
treatment of other people with courtesy and politeness

good morning /ˌɡʊd ˈmɔɹnɪŋ/ /ˌɡʊd ˈmɔːnɪŋ/ interjection
dzień dobry
when seeing someone for the first time in the morning

good news n
dobra nowina
the message of Jesus concerning the salvation of the faithful

good night phraseologicalUnit
dobranoc
a farewell

good night's sleep n
wyspać się

good question interjection
dobre pytanie

good riddance /ˌɡʊd ˈɹɪd(ə)ns/ /ˌɡʊd ˈɹɪdns/ interjection
krzyż na drogę baba z wozu, koniom lżej droga wolna krzyżyk na drogę
used to indicate that a departure or loss is welcome

good things come in threes proverb
szczęścia chodzą parami
several fortunate events usually occur together

good things come to those who wait proverb
dobre rzeczy trafiają do cierpliwych
patience is a virtue

good to go adj
droga wolna
ready for use (thing)

good turn n
dobry uczynek przysługa
good deed

good weather n
dobra pogoda

good wine needs no bush proverb
dobry towar sam się chwali
something good does not need to be advertised

good-for-nothing n
nicpoń ladaco
person of little worth or usefulness

good-looking /ˈɡʊdˈlʊk.ɪŋ/ adj
przystojny
attractive

good-natured /ɡʊdˈneɪtʃəd/ adj
arcydobry dobroduszny
having or showing an amicable, kindly disposition

good-tempered adj
miły
affable

goodbye /ɡədˈbaɪ/ /ɡəˈbaɪ/ /ɡʊdˈbaɪ/ interjection
do widzenia bywaj żegnaj
farewell

goodbye /ɡədˈbaɪ/ /ɡəˈbaɪ/ /ɡʊdˈbaɪ/ n
pożegnanie
an utterance of goodbye

goodbye, cruel world /ɡʊdˈbaɪ {{!}} ˌkɹuːəl ˈwɜːld/ phraseologicalUnit
żegnaj, okrutny świecie!
exclamation prior to suicide

goodness /ˈɡʊdnəs/ /ˈɡʊdnɪs/ n
dobroć dobro
state or characteristic of being good

goods /ɡʊdz/ n
towar dobro produkt
that which is produced, traded, bought or sold

goods train n
pociąg towarowy towar towarowiec
train used for transportation of goods

goods wagon n
wagon towarowy
railway wagon

goodwill /ɡʊdˈwɪl/ n
benewolencja dobra wola przychylność łaskawość życzliwość
favorably disposed attitude
renoma
accounting: the value of a business entity not directly attributable to its tangible assets and liabilities
business: ability of an individual or business to exert influence within a community, club, market or another type of group

goody /ˈɡʊdi/ n
smakołyk
A small amount of something good to eat

goof /ɡuːf/ n
babol
a mistake or error
bęcwał
a foolish person

goofy /ˈɡuːfi/ adj
głupkowaty
silly

google /ˈɡuː.ɡəl/ n
googlanie googlowanie guglanie guglowanie wyguglanie wyguglowanie
Internet search performed on the Google search engine

google /ˈɡuː.ɡəl/ v
googlować guglać guglować googlać pogooglować przegooglować
to search for (something) on the Internet using the Google search engine

googol /ˈɡu.ɡɑl/ /ˈɡu.ɡəl/ /ˈɡuː.ɡɒl/ /ˈɡuː.ɡəl/ numeral
gugol
1 followed by 100 zeros

googolplex /ˈɡuɡɑl-/ /ˈɡuɡəlplɛks/ /ˈɡuːɡɒl-/ /ˈɡuːɡəlplɛks/ numeral
dziesięć do potęgi dziesięciu do potęgi stu
ten to the power of a googol

googolplexplex /ˈɡuɡɑl-/ /ˈɡuɡəlplɛksplɛks/ /ˈɡuːɡɒl-/ /ˈɡuːɡəlplɛksplɛks/ numeral
dziesięć do potęgi dziesięciu do potęgi dziesięciu do potęgi stu

gook /ɡuːk/ /ɡʊk/ n
żółtek
derogatory: East Asian person

goon /ɡoʊ.ɑn/ /ɡuːn/ /ɡəʊ.ɒn/ n
zbir
a thug

goop /ɡuːp/ n
babranina paćka

goosander n
nurogęś
diving duck

goose /ˈɡuːs/ n
gęś
a grazing waterfowl of the family Anatidae

goose bump n
gęsia skórka
raised skin caused by cold, excitement, or fear

gooseberry /ˈɡusˌbɛɹi/ /ˈɡuːsb(ə)ɹi/ /ˈɡʊzb(ə)ɹi/ n
agrest
fruit

goosefoot /ˈɡuːsfʊt/ n
komosa
flowering plant of the subfamily Chenopodioideae

gooseherd n
gęsiareczka gęsiarek gęsiarka gęsiarz
person who takes care of geese

gopher /ˈɡoʊfɚ/ /ˈɡəʊfə/ n
suseł
a small burrowing rodent

gore /ɡo(ː)ɹ/ /ɡoə/ /ɡɔɹ/ /ɡɔː/ n
(zakrzepła) krew
thick blood

gore /ɡo(ː)ɹ/ /ɡoə/ /ɡɔɹ/ /ɡɔː/ v
bodnąć bóść
to pierce with a horn

gorge /ɡɔɹd͡ʒ/ /ɡɔːdʒ/ n
gardło
inside of the throat
wąwóz jar
deep, narrow passage with steep, rocky sides

gorge /ɡɔɹd͡ʒ/ /ɡɔːdʒ/ v
żreć
to stuff the gorge or gullet with food; to eat greedily

gorgeous /ˈɡɔɹd͡ʒəs/ /ˈɡɔːdʒəs/ adj
arcypiękny przepiękny
very beautiful

gorgeously adv
arcypięknie przepięknie

gorget /ˈɡoɹ.d͡ʒət/ /ˈɡoɹ.d͡ʒɛt/ /ˈɡoɹ.d͡ʒɪt/ /ˈɡɔːdʒɪt/ /ˌɡoɹˈʒeɪ/ n
ryngraf
armour

gorgon /ˈɡɔːrɡən/ n
gorgona
monster in Greek mythology

gorgonzola n
gorgonzola
Italian cheese

gorilla /ɡɒˈɹɪl.ə/ /ɡəˈɹɪl.ə/ n
goryl
ape

gorodki n
gorodki miasteczka
an ancient Russian folk sport

gory /ˈɡɔɹ.i/ /ˈɡɔː.ɹi/ adj
krwawy
covered with blood, very bloody

gosh /ɡɑːʃ/ /ɡɒʃ/ interjection
a to ci dopiero jej jejku jeju kurczę o ja cię
mild expression of surprise or enthusiasm

goshawk /ˈɡɑshɑk/ /ˈɡɒshɔːk/ n
jastrząb jastrząb gołębiarz
bird of prey principally in the genus Accipiter

gosling /ɡɑzlɪŋ/ /ɡɒzlɪŋ/ n
gąsię gęsię
young goose

gospel /ˈɡɑspəl/ /ˈɡɒspəl/ n
ewangelia
first section of New Testament
account of the life, death, and teachings of Jesus

gospel music n
gospel
type of music

gossamer /ˈɡɑ.sə.mɚ/ /ˈɡɒ.sə.mə/ n
babie lato
cobwebs floating in the air

gossip /ˈɡɑs.ɪp/ /ˈɡɒs.ɪp/ n
plotka plotki
idle talk
plotkarka plotkarz
person

gossip /ˈɡɑs.ɪp/ /ˈɡɒs.ɪp/ v
plotkować poplotkować
to talk about someone else's private or personal business
to talk idly

gossiper n
bajczarka bajczarz plotkarka plotkarz
one who gossips

gossipy adj
bajczarski plotkarski
prone to gossip

got it v
jasne
I understand

gotcha /ˈɡɑt͡ʃə/ /ˈɡɒt͡ʃə/ interjection
mam cię
I got you

goth /ɡɑθ/ /ɡɒθ/ n
got gotka
person who is part of the goth subculture

gothification n
czynienie gotyckim

gothify v
czynić gotyckim

gouge /ɡaʊdʒ/ /ɡaʊd͡ʒ/ v
żłobić
to make a groove, hole, or mark in by scooping

goulash /ˈɡuː.læʃ/ /ˈɡuː.lɑːʃ/ n
gulasz
A stew of beef or veal and vegetables, flavoured with paprika and sour cream

gourd /ɡɔɹd/ /ɡɔːd/ /ɡʊəd/ /ɡʊɚd/ n
tykwa
fruit

gourmand /ɡɔɹˈmɑnd/ /ˈɡʊə.mənd/ /ˈɡʊɹ.mɑnd/ /ˈɡʊʁmɑ̃/ n
smakosz
person who appreciates good food
łakomczuch
person given to excess in the consumption of food and drink

gourmet /ɡʊɹˈmeɪ/ /ˈɡɔːmeɪ/ /ˈɡʊəmeɪ/ /ˈɡʊɹmeɪ/ n
smakosz smakoszka
gourmet; a person who appreciates good food

gout /ɡaʊt/ [ɡʌut] n
dna
arthritic disease

govern /ˈɡʌvən/ /ˈɡʌvɚn/ v
rządzić władać
to exercise sovereign authority in
rządzić zarządzać
to control the actions of

governess /ˈɡʌvnəs/ /ˈɡʌvənəs/ /ˈɡʌvɚnəs/ n
guwernantka
woman paid to educate children in their own home

government /ˈɡɐvmɘnt/ /ˈɡɐvɘ(n)mɘnt/ /ˈɡəv(ə)mɛnt/ /ˈɡʌvə(n)mənt/ /ˈɡʌvɚ(n)mənt/ n
rekcja związek rządu
grammar: relationship between a word and its dependents
rząd władza
body with the power to make and/or enforce laws

governmental /ˌɡʌv(ə)nˈmɛnt(ə)l/ adj
rządowy
relating to a government

governmentlessness n
bezrząd

governor /ˈɡʌv(ə)nə(ɹ)/ /ˈɡʌvənə(ɹ)/ /ˈɡʌvənɚ/ /ˈɡʌvɚnɚ/ n
gubernator guwerner
chief executive officer of first-level division of a country

governor-general n
generalny gubernator gubernator generalny
commonwealth official

gowpen /ˈɡaʊpən/ n
garstka

goy /ɡɔɪ/ n
Goj
non-Jew

grab /ɡɹæb/ n
chwytak
a mechanical device that grabs

grab /ɡɹæb/ v
chwytać porywać wyrywać złapać
to make a sudden grasping or clutching motion (at something)
powstrzymać
to restrain someone; to arrest

graben n
rów tektoniczny
elongated block of the Earth's crust that has dropped relative to the surrounding blocks

grace /ɡɹeɪs/ n
dziękczynienie
short prayer of thanks before or after a meal
gracja wdzięk
elegant movement, poise or balance
łaska
free and undeserved favour, especially of God

grace note /ˈɡɹeɪs nəʊt/ /ˈɡɹeɪs ˌnoʊt/ n
przednutka
musical note played to ornament the melody

grace period n
karencja
a length of time during which rules or penalties are waived or deferred

graceful /ˈɡɹeɪsfʊl/ adj
pełen wdzięku powabny
showing grace

gracefully /ˈɡɹeɪsfəli/ adv
wdzięcznie
in a graceful manner

gracefulness n
wdzięk
the state of being graceful

gracilis /ˈɡras.ɪ.lɪs/ /ˈɡræs.ə.lɪs/ n
mięsień smukły
Inner thigh most superficial muscle

gracious /ˈɡɹeɪʃəs/ adj
dobrotliwy miłościwy łaskawy
kind and warmly courteous

gradable /ˈɡɹeɪdəbəl/ adj
stopniowalny
grammar: able to occur in degrees

gradation /ɡɹəˈdeɪʃən/ /ˌɡɹeɪˈdeɪʃən/ n
gradacja
a passing by small degrees from one tone or shade, as of color, to another
the act of gradating or arranging in grades

gradational adj
gradacyjny klimaksowy
of or pertaining to gradation

grade /ɡɹeɪd/ n
klasa
degree or level of something
level of pre-collegiate education
nachylenie
slope of a roadway or other passage
ocena stopień
performance expressed by a number, letter, or other symbol
rating

grader /ˈɡɹeɪdə/ /ˈɡɹeɪdɚ/ n
równiarka
machine

gradian n
gon grad gradus
unit of angle

gradient /ˈɡɹeɪdiənt/ n
gradient
in vector algebra
change in color
zbocze
slope or incline

gradin n
stopień
gradin

gradual /ˈɡɹadjuəl/ /ˈɡɹadʒuəl/ /ˈɡɹadʒəl/ /ˈɡɹæd͡ʒuəl/ /ˈɡɹæd͡ʒəl/ /ˈɡɹɛdʒɘl/ /ˈɡɹɛdʒʉɘl/ adj
stopniowy
proceeding by steps or small degrees

gradual /ˈɡɹadjuəl/ /ˈɡɹadʒuəl/ /ˈɡɹadʒəl/ /ˈɡɹæd͡ʒuəl/ /ˈɡɹæd͡ʒəl/ /ˈɡɹɛdʒɘl/ /ˈɡɹɛdʒʉɘl/ n
graduał
antiphone or responsory
service book

gradually /ˈɡɹæd͡ʒuəli/ adv
stopniowo krok po kroku
in gradual manner

graduate /ˈɡɹædjueɪt/ /ˈɡɹædjuət/ /ˈɡɹæd͡ʒueɪt/ /ˈɡɹæd͡ʒuɪt/ n
absolwent absolwentka
from a university

graduated cylinder n
cylinder miarowy menzurka
laboratory equipment

graduation /ˌɡɹædjuˈeɪʃən/ /ˌɡɹæd͡ʒuˈeɪʃən/ n
wskaz
a marking (i.e. on a container) indicating a measurement

graffiti /ɡɹəˈfiti/ /ɡɹəˈfiːti/ n
graffiti
drawings on a surface

graffiti artist n
grafficiarz
Person who paints graffiti

graft /ɡɹæft/ /ɡɹɑːft/ v
szczepić zaszczepiać
to insert a graft in another tree

grafting n
szczepienie
act, art, or process of inserting grafts

grain /ɡɹeɪn/ n
gran
unit of mass notionally based on grain's weight
mazerunek
linear texture of material or surface
ziarenko ziarnko
single particle of a substance
ziarno zboże
harvested seeds of various grass-related food crops
ziarno ziarenko
single seed of grain

graining n
słojowanie
practice of imitating woodgrain

grains of paradise n
aframon madagaskarski amomum
spice

gram /ɡɹæm/ n
gram
unit of mass

graminivore n
trawojad
grass-eating animal

graminivorous /ɡɹæmɪˈnɪvəɹəs/ adj
trawożerny
that eats grasses and seeds

grammar /ˈɡɹæ.mə(ɹ)/ /ˈɡɹæ.mɚ/ n
gramatyka
rules for speaking and writing a language
study of internal structure and use of words
in computing: formal system specifying the syntax of a language
book describing grammar

grammar Nazi /ˈɡɹæmə(ɹ) ˈnɑːtsi/ /ˈɡɹæmɚ ˈnætsi/ /ˈɡɹæmɚ ˈnɑːtsi/ n
gramatyczny nazista
person who habitually corrects or criticizes the perceived incorrect language usage of others

grammarian /ɡɹəˈmɛəɹɪən/ n
gramatyk
person who studies grammar

grammatical /ɡɹəˈmætɪkəl/ adj
gramatyczny
acceptable as determined by the rules of the grammar
of or pertaining to grammar

grammatical case n
przypadek
mode of inflection of a word

grammatical mood n
tryb
in grammar, type of the relationship

granary /ˈɡɹan(ə)ɹi/ /ˈɡɹeɪnəɹi/ /ˈɡɹænəɹi/ n
spichlerz spichrz śpichlerz
storage facility
fertile, grain-growing region

grand /ɡɹænd/ adj
pra-
standing in the second or more remote degree of parentage or descent
wielki
great in size, and fine or imposing in appearance or impression

grand /ɡɹænd/ n
kafel koła
one thousand of some currency

grand duchy n
wielkie księstwo
a dominion or region ruled by a grand duke or grand duchess

grand duke n
wielki książę
ruler or monarch of a grand duchy

grand piano n
fortepian
type of piano

grand prince n
wielki książę
ruler's title

grand theft auto n
kradzież auta kradzież samochodu
criminal act of stealing a motor vehicle

grand unification theory n
teorie wielkiej unifikacji
theory that unifies fundamental forces

grandchild n
wnuczę wnuk
child of one’s child

granddaughter n
wnuczka
daughter of someone’s child

grandee /ɡɹænˈdiː/ n
grand
high-ranking nobleman in Spain or Portugal

grandfather /ˈɡɹæn(d)ˌfɑðɚ/ /ˈɡɹæn(d)ˌfɑːðə(r)/ /ˈɡɹændˌfɑːðə/ [ˈɡɹ̠(ʷ)ẽˑə̯̃n(d)ˌfɑˑðɚ] n
dziadek
grandfather (from either side)
male forefather

grandfather clock n
zegar (wahadłowy) stojący
pendulum clock

grandiloquence n
grandilokwencja
lofty, pompous or bombastic speech or writing

grandiloquent /ɡɹænˈdɪl.ə.kwənt/ adj
grandilokwentny górnolotny
overly wordy or elaborate

grandiosity n
majestatyczność wspaniałość
the state of being grandiose

grandma /ˈɡɹænmɑː/ /ˈɡɹænmə/ n
babcia
grandmother (informal)

grandmalike adj
babkowaty

grandmother /ˈɡɹæn(d)ˌmʌðə(r)/ /ˈɡɹæn(d)ˌmʌðɚ/ /ˈɡɹænˌmʌðə/ n
babka babcia babunia baba
mother of someone's parent

grandmotherly adj
babciny babciowy
having the characteristics of a grandmother
in the manner of a grandmother

grandpa /ˈɡɹæm.pɑː/ /ˈɡɹæm.pə/ n
dziadziuś
grandfather (informal)

grandparent /ˈɡɹæn(d)pæɹənt/ /ˈɡɹæn(d)pɛəɹənt/ n
dziadkowie
parent of one's parent

grandson /ˈɡɹæn(d)sʌn/ n
wnuk wnuczek
son of one's child

grandstand n
trybuna
seating area

grandstand v
pod publiczkę
to behave dramatically

granite /ˈɡɹæ.naɪt/ /ˈɡɹæ.nɪt/ n
granit
type of rock

granitic adj
granitowy
of, pertaining to, or containing granite

granivore n
zwierzę ziarnożerne
seed-eating animal

granivorous adj
ziarnożerny

granny /ˈɡɹæni/ n
baba babka staruszka
colloquial, derogatory: an elderly woman
babunia babusia
colloquial: grandmother

granodiorite n
granodioryt
intrusive igneous rock

granola /ɡɹəˈnoʊlə/ n
granola
breakfast and snack food

grant /ɡɹænt/ /ɡɹɑːnt/ /ɡɹɒnt/ n
darowizna grant
the thing or property granted; a gift; a boon

grant-in-aid n
dotacja
giving of national funds

granularity /ˌɡɹæn.jəˈlæɹ.ə.ti/ /ˌɡɹæn.jəˈlɝ.ə.ti/ n
ziarnistość
condition of being granular

granulation tissue n
ziarnina
new connective tissue

granulocyte /ˈɡɹænjəloʊˌsaɪt/ n
granulocyt
blood cell

granuloma n
ziarniniak
tumor

grape /ɡɹeɪp/ adj
winogronowy
flavour

grape /ɡɹeɪp/ n
winogrono winorośl
fruit

grapefruit /ˈɡɹeɪpfɹut/ /ˈɡɹeɪpfɹuːt/ n
grejpfrut grapefruit
fruit
tree

grapeshot n
kartacz
type of shot

grapevine n
poczta pantoflowa
informal means of circulating gossip
winorośl
the plant on which grapes grow

graph /ɡɹæf/ /ɡɹɑːf/ n
graf
set of vertices connected by edges
wykres
graph of a function

graph-theoretical adj
dotyczący teorii grafów

graph-theoretically adv
teorią grafów używając teorii grafów
in a manner which uses graph theory

grapheme /ˈɡɹæf.iːm/ n
grafem
fundamental unit of a writing system

graphene /ˈɡɹæf.iːn/ n
grafen
large-scale, one-atom thick layer of graphite

graphic /ˈɡɹæfɪk/ adj
graficzny
drawn, pictorial
obrazowy
vivid, descriptive

graphic /ˈɡɹæfɪk/ n
grafika
(in the plural) computer generated images as viewed on a screen forming part of a game or a film etc.

graphic novel n
powieść graficzna
comic book

graphical user interface n
interfejs graficzny
type of user interface

graphics card n
karta graficzna
display adapter

graphics processing unit n
procesor graficzny
electronic circuit for creating images

graphics tablet n
tablet
input device

graphite /ˈɡɹæfaɪt/ n
grafit
form of carbon

grapho- prefix
grafo-

grapholect n
grafolekt
a written variant of a language

graphology /ɡɹæˈfɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/ /ɡɹæˈfɒ.lə.d͡ʒi/ n
grafologia
study of handwriting

grapnel /ˈɡɹæpnəl/ n
bosak hak
small anchor

grappa /ˈɡɹæpə/ /ˈɡɹɑpə/ n
grappa
Italian grape-based spirit

grasp /ɡɹæps/ /ɡɹæsp/ /ɡɹɑːsp/ n
pojęcie rozumienie zrozumienie
understanding
uchwyt
grip

grasp /ɡɹæps/ /ɡɹæsp/ /ɡɹɑːsp/ v
chwytać trzymać
to grip
rozumieć pojmować
to understand

grass /ɡɹæs/ /ɡɹɑːs/ [ɡɹ̠as] [ɡɹ̠eəs] [ɡɹ̠äːs] [ɡɹ̠æs] [ɡɹ̠ɐːs] [ɡɹ̠ɑːs] [ɡɹ̠ɛəs] n
kapuś
informer
trawa
ground cover plant
trawka trawa
marijuana
trawnik trawa
lawn

grass mud horse n
koń trawiasto-błotny
Mythical Baidu deity used for circumventing censorship

grass of Parnassus n
dziewięciornik
plant of the genus Parnassia

grass snake n
zaskroniec
Natrix natrix

grass widow /ˈɡɹɑːs ˌwɪdəʊ/ n
słomiana wdowa
woman whose husband is away

grass widower n
słomiany wdowiec
a married man whose wife is away

grasshopper /ɡɹæsˌhɒpə(ɹ)/ /ˈɡɹæsˌhɑpəɹ/ /ˈɡɹɑːsˌhɒpə(ɹ)/ n
konik polny pasikonik
an insect of the order Orthoptera

grasshopper warbler n
świerszczak
Locustella naevia

grassland n
łąka
an area dominated by grass or grasslike vegetation

grate /ɡɹeɪt/ n
krata
horizontal metal grill

grateful /ˈɡɹeɪtfəl/ adj
wdzięczny
showing gratitude

grater /ˈɡɹeɪtə/ /ˈɡɹeɪtɚ/ n
tarka
a tool with which one grates

gratification /ˌɡɹætɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/ n
gratyfikacja
feeling of pleasure
gratuity; reward

grating /ˈɡɹeɪtɪŋ/ [ˈɡɹeɪ̯ɾɪŋ] n
krata
barrier

gratitude /ˈɡɹætɪt(j)ud/ n
wdzięczność
state of being grateful

gratuity /ɡɹəˈtjuːətɪ/ /ɡɹəˈtuːətɪ/ n
napiwek
reward provided freely, without obligation

graupel /ˈɡɹaʊpəl/ n
krupa
supercooled droplets of water condense on a snowflake

grave /ɡrɑːv/ /ɡɹeɪv/ adj
poważny
having a sense of seriousness
serious in a negative sense

grave /ɡrɑːv/ /ɡɹeɪv/ n
grób mogiła
excavation for burial

grave accent n
gravis
diacritic mark (ˋ)

gravedigger /ˈɡɹeɪv.ˌdɪɡ.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈɡɹeɪv.ˌdɪɡ.əɹ/ n
grabarz grobownik kopidół
a person employed to dig graves

gravel /ˈɡɹævəl/ n
żwir
small fragments of rock

gravel pit n
żwirownia
quarry

graven image n
bałwan
a carved idol or representation of a god used as an object of worship

graveness n
powaga
state of being grave

graverobber /ˈɡɹeɪvˌɹɑbɚ/ /ˈɡɹeɪvˌɹɒbə/ n
hiena cmentarna
one who robs graves or tombs

graveyard /ˈɡɹeɪvˌjɑɹd/ n
cmentarz cmentarny
tract of land in which the dead are buried

gravi- prefix
grawi-

gravitas /ˈɡɹæv.ɪ.tæs/ /ˈɡɹæv.ɪ.tɑːs/ /ˈɡɹævɪtɑs/ n
powaga
serious

gravitation /ˌɡɹævɪˈteɪʃən/ n
grawitacja ciążenie siła ciążenia
fundamental force of attraction

gravitational /ˌɡɹævɪˈteɪʃənəl/ adj
grawitacyjny
pertaining to gravitation

gravitational collapse n
zapadanie grawitacyjne
stage in the evolution of a star

gravitational field n
pole grawitacyjne
the field produced by the gravitational force of mass

gravitational interaction n
oddziaływanie grawitacyjne
gravitational interaction in physics

gravitational lensing n
soczewkowanie grawitacyjne
astrophysics

gravitational wave /ˌɡɹæ.vəˈteɪ.ʃə.nəl weɪv/ n
fale grawitacyjne
fluctuation in spacetime that propagates as a wave at the speed of light

graviton /ˈɡɹavɪtɒn/ n
grawiton
a hypothetical gauge boson

gravity /ˈɡɹævɪti/ n
ciążenie przyciąganie
resultant force on Earth's surface
grawitacja ciążenie powszechne
gravitation, gravity force on two mass bodies
powaga
graveness, the condition or state of being grave

gravy /ˈɡɹeɪvi/ n
jus sos (mięsny) sos pieczeniowy sos z pieczeni
sauce

gravy boat n
sosjerka
dish for gravy

gravy train n
ciepła posadka
occupation that generates considerable income with little or less effort

gray /ɡɹeɪ/ adj
szary siwy
having a color somewhere between white and black, as the ash of an ember

gray /ɡɹeɪ/ n
Szarak
extraterrestrial being
szary szarość
colour
grej
SI unit of absorbed radiation

gray /ɡɹeɪ/ v
siwieć
to become gray

gray jay n
sójka
bird of the genus Perisoreus
sójka kanadyjska
Perisoreus canadensis

gray water n
woda szara
non-potable, but non-toxic water

grayish /ˈɡɹeɪ.ɪʃ/ adj
szarawy
somewhat gray

grayling n
lipień
Thymallus thymallus

graze /ɡɹeɪz/ v
paść
to feed or supply with grass

grease /ɡɹis/ /ɡɹiz/ /ɡɹiːs/ n
smar
oily or fatty matter
tłuszcz
animal fat

greased lightning n
błyskawiczny
Something incredibly fast

greaseless adj
bezsmarowy
not requiring lubricant

greasy /ˈɡɹi.si/ /ˈɡɹi.zi/ /ˈɡɹiː.si/ adj
tłusty ociekający tłuszczem
Containing a lot of grease or fat

great /ɡɹet/ /ɡɹiːt/ /ɡɹɛːt/ /ˈɡɹeɪt/ /ˈɡɹæɪt/ adj
wielki
very big, large scale
important title
świetny wspaniały
very good

great /ɡɹet/ /ɡɹiːt/ /ɡɹɛːt/ /ˈɡɹeɪt/ /ˈɡɹæɪt/ adv
fajnie fajno świetnie
very well

great /ɡɹet/ /ɡɹiːt/ /ɡɹɛːt/ /ˈɡɹeɪt/ /ˈɡɹæɪt/ interjection
super świetnie
great!

great antshrike n
taraba
Taraba major

great cormorant n
kormoran czarny
Phalacrocorax carbo

great grey shrike n
srokosz
Lanius excubitor

great knot n
biegus wielki
the bird Calidris tenuirostris

great minds think alike proverb
wielkie umysły myślą tak samo
used to emphasize two people reaching the same conclusion

great northern diver n
nur lodowiec
large member of the diver family, Gavia immer

great power n
wielkie mocarstwo
powerful state

great reed warbler n
trzciniak zwyczajny
Acrocephalus arundinaceus

great skua n
wydrzyk wielki
Stercorarius skua

great snipe n
dubelt
Gallinago media

great spotted woodpecker /ˈɡɹeɪt ˈspɒtəd ˈwʊdpɛkeɹ/ n
dzięcioł duży
species of woodpecker

great tit /ˈɡɹeɪt tɪt/ n
sikora bogatka bogatka bogatka zwyczajna
bird

great unwashed /ˌɡɹeɪt ʌnˈwɑːʃt/ /ˌɡɹeɪt ʌnˈwɒʃt/ /ˌɡɹeɪt ʌnˈwɔːʃt/ n
buractwo tłuszcza
a contemptuous term for the populace, particularly the working class

great white shark n
żarłacz biały
Carcharodon carcharias

great- prefix
pra-
removal of one generation

great-aunt n
cioteczna babka stryjeczna babka
aunt of one’s parent

great-grandchild n
prawnuczka prawnuczek prawnuczę
The child (son or daughter) of one's grandchild

great-granddaughter n
prawnuczka
the daughter of someone's grandchild

great-grandfather n
pradziadek
father of one's grandparent

great-grandmother n
prababcia prababka
mother of one's grandparent

great-grandparent n
pradziadkowie
parent of a grandparent

great-grandson n
prawnuk
son of a grandchild

great-great-grandchild n
praprawnuczę
the child of one's great-grandchild

great-great-granddaughter n
praprawnuczka
the daughter of one's great-grandchild

great-great-grandfather n
prapradziad
The father of someone's great-grandparent

great-great-grandmother n
praprababcia
The mother of someone’s great-grandparent

great-great-grandson n
praprawnuk
the son of one's great-grandchild

greatcoat n
palto
heavy overcoat

greater celandine n
glistnik
Chelidonium majus

greater flamingo n
flaming różowy

greater good n
dobro wspólne
benefit of the public

greater omentum n
sieć większa
large peritoneal fold

greater rhea n
nandu szare
Rhea americana

greater scaup n
ogorzałka
Aythya marila

greater short-toed lark n
skowrończyk krótkopalcowy
Calandrella brachydactyla

greater spotted eagle n
orlik grubodzioby
Clanga clanga

greater white-fronted goose n
gęś białoczelna
Anser albifrons

greater yellowlegs n
brodziec piegowaty
Tringa melanoleuca

greatest common divisor n
największy wspólny dzielnik
largest positive integer or polynomial

greatness /ˈɡɹeɪtnəs/ n
wielkość
The state, condition, or quality of being great; as, greatness of size, greatness of mind, power, etc

greave /ɡɹiːv/ n
nagolenica nagolennik
piece of armour that protects the leg, especially the shin

greaves /ɡɹivz/ n
skwarka
residue from animal fat

grebe /ɡɹiːb/ n
perkoz
any of several waterbirds in the family Podicipedidae

greed /ɡɹid/ n
chciwość
selfish desire for more than is needed

greedhead n
chciwiec

greedy /ˈɡɹiːdi/ adj
chciwy skąpy
having greed; consumed by selfish desires

green /ɡɹin/ /ɡɹiːn/ adj
zielony
inexperienced
of fruit: unripe
sickly
zielony zieleń
having green as its colour
environmentally friendly

green /ɡɹin/ /ɡɹiːn/ n
zieleń zielony
colour

green /ɡɹin/ /ɡɹiːn/ v
zielenić
make (something) green

green alder n
olsza zielona
Alnus viridis

green anaconda n
anakonda zielona

green bean n
fasola szparagowa fasolka szparagowa
immature pods of common bean

green belt /ˈɡrin ˌbɛlt/ /ˈɡriːn bɛlt/ n
zelený pás
area of agricultural land around an urban area that is protected from large-scale building

green energy n
zielona energia
non-polluting energy

green fairy n
zielona wróżka
absinthe liquor

green light n
zielone światło
green traffic light
permission

green olive n
zielona oliwka
olive picked before it has ripened

green pass n
paszport covidowy

green sandpiper n
samotnik
Tringa ochropus

green tea n
zielona herbata
drink
leaves

green warbler n
świstunka kaukaska
Phylloscopus nitidus

green wave n
zielona fala
way of timing traffic lights

green with envy adj
zielony z zazdrości
consumed by envy

green woodpecker /ɡɹinˈwʊdpɛkə(ɹ)/ n
dzięcioł zielony
Picus viridis

green-eyed adj
zielonooki
having green eyes

greenery /ˈɡɹiːnəɹi/ n
zieleń roślinność
green foliage

greenfinch n
dzwoniec
European greenfinch, Carduelis chloris

greengage /ˈɡɹiːnɡeɪd͡ʒ/ n
renkloda
a plum with greenish-yellow flesh and skin

greengrocer's n
warzywniak
shop for fruit and vegetables

greenhorn n
żółtodziób
inexperienced person

greenhouse /ˈɡɹiːnˌhaʊs/ n
szklarnia
building in which plants are grown more quickly than outside

greenhouse effect n
efekt cieplarniany
process by which a planet is warmed by its atmosphere

greenhouse gas n
gaz cieplarniany
any gas that contributes to the greenhouse effect

greenish /ˈɡɹiːnɪʃ/ adj
zielonkawy zielonawy
somewhat green in color

greenish warbler n
wójcik zielony
Phylloscopus trochiloides

greens /ɡɹiːnz/ n
zielenina
leaves of certain edible green plants

greenschist n
zieleniec
metamorphic rock

greenspace n
zieleniec
area of undeveloped landscape within a city

greenstick fracture n
złamanie podokostnowe
a partial fracture of a long bone

greenway n
park
corridor of land for recreational use

greet /ɡɹiːt/ v
witać pozdrawiać
to address with salutations or expressions of kind wishes

greeting /ˈɡɹiːtɪŋ/ n
pozdrowienie powitanie
acknowledgement of a persons presence or arrival

greeting card n
kartka z pozdrowieniami
card sent as a greeting

grenade /ɡɹəˈneɪd/ n
granat
small explosive device

grenade launcher n
granatnik
weapon that shoots grenades

grenadine /ˈɡɹɛnədiːn/ n
grenadyna
dilute drink
syrup

grey area n
nieokreślony obszar niejasności
area intermediate between two fuzzily-distinguished categories

grey crowned crane n
koronnik szary
Balearica regulorum

grey heron /ɡɹeɪ ˈhɛɹ.ən/ n
czapla siwa
the Old World wading bird Ardea cinerea of the heron family

grey market n
szara strefa
the buying and selling of goods through distribution channels other than those authorized or intended by the manufacturer or producer

grey matter n
istota szara substancja szara
collection of cell bodies
szare komórki
person's ability to think

grey partridge n
kuropatwa
Perdix perdix

grey wagtail n
pliszka górska
Motacilla cinerea

grey wolf n
wilk szary
a large grey wolf (Canis lupus

grey-backed fiscal n
dzierzba srokoszowata
Lanius excubitoroides

grey-haired adj
siwowłosy
having grey hair

grey-headed chickadee n
sikora północna
Poecile cinctus

grey-headed woodpecker n
dzięcioł zielonosiwy
Picus canus

grey-necked bunting n
trznadel skalny
Emberiza buchanani

grey-tailed tattler n
brodziec szary
Tringa brevipes

greyhound /ˈɡɹeɪhaʊnd/ n
chart
lean breed of dog used in hunting and racing

greylag goose /ˌɡɹeɪlæɡ ˈɡuːs/ n
gęgawa
Anser anser

greywacke /ˈɡɹeɪ.wak.ə/ /ˈɡɹeɪ.wæk/ n
szarogłaz
hard dark sandstone

grid /ɡɹɪd/ n
siatka kratka plansza
rectangular array of squares or rectangles of equal size, such as in a crossword puzzle
sieć
electricity delivery system

gridiron /ˈɡɹɪdaɪən/ n
ruszt
rack or grate for broiling

gridpoint n
punkt na wykresie

grief /ɡɹiːf/ n
smutek zmartwienie żal
sadness

grieve /ɡɹiːv/ v
przeżywać żałobę
to experience grief
rozpaczać
to feel very sad about

griffin /ɡɹɪfɪn/ n
gryf
mythical beast having the body of a lion and the wings and head of an eagle

griffon vulture /ˈɡɹɪfən ˈvʌlt͡ʃəɹ/ n
sęp płowy
Gyps fulvus

grifter /ˈɡɹɪftə/ /ˈɡɹɪftɚ/ n
hochsztapler hochsztaplerka naciągacz naciągaczka
con artist

grill /ɡɹɪl/ n
grill atrapa maskownica
vehicle front cover
grill gril
barbecue
ruszt
grating, grid

grill /ɡɹɪl/ v
brać na spytki wypytać wypytywać wziąć na spytki
to interrogate
grillować opiekać na grillu
to cook food on a grill

grilled cheese n
tost
toasted cheese sandwich

grim /ɡɹɪm/ adj
nieubłagany srogi
rigid and unrelenting
ponury
dismal and gloomy, cold and forbidding

grimace /ɡɹɪ.ˈmeɪs/ /ˈɡɹɪm.əs/ n
grymas
a distortion of the face

grimly /ˈɡɹɪmli/ adv
ponuro
in a grim manner

grimoire /ˈɡɹɪmwɑː/ /ˈɡɹɪmˌwɑːɹ/ n
grymuar
book of instructions in the use of alchemy or magic

grin /ɡɹɪn/ n
banan szeroki uśmiech uśmiech od ucha do ucha
A smile revealing the teeth

grin /ɡɹɪn/ v
suszyć ząbki szczerzyć się szczerzyć zęby
To smile showing the teeth

grin and bear it v
robić dobrą minę do złej gry zrobić dobrą minę do złej gry
endure a difficult or disagreeable situation

grind /ˈɡɹaɪnd/ v
mleć
to reduce to smaller pieces
ścierać
to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface

grinder /ɡɹaɪn.də(ɹ)/ /ɡɹaɪndəɹ/ n
młynek
kitchen gadget
tool

grip /ɡɹɪp/ n
chwyt uchwyt uścisk
A hold or way of holding, particularly with the hand

grisly /ˈɡɹɪzli/ adj
potworny zatrważający
horrifyingly repellent; terrifying, gruesome

grist for the mill n
woda na młyn
(idiomatic) Something that is useful or that creates a favorable opportunity

gristle /ˈɡɹɪsəl/ n
chrząstka
cartilage

grit /ɡɹɪt/ n
piasek żwir
collection of hard materials
stanowczość wytrwałość
strength of mind

grit one's teeth v
zaciskać zęby zacisnąć zęby
clench one's teeth together
face up to a difficult or disagreeable situation, and deal with it

grits /ɡɹɪts/ n
kasza
coarsely ground corn

gritter n
piaskarka
vehicle

gritty /ˈɡɹɪti/ adj
realistyczny
intense and starkly realistic, especially if violent

grivna [ˈɡɹɪvnɑ] n
grzywna
(historical) a unit of currency and weight in medieval Rus

grizzly bear n
grizli grizzly niedźwiedź szary niedźwiedź grizli
Ursus arctos horribilis

groan /ɡɹoʊn/ /ɡɹəʊn/ n
jęk
low mournful uttered sound

groan /ɡɹoʊn/ /ɡɹəʊn/ v
jęczeć
to make a groan

groat /ɡɹoʊt/ /ɡɹɔːt/ /ɡɹəʊt/ n
krupa
hulled grain

grocer /ˈɡɹoʊ.səɹ/ /ˈɡɹoʊ.ʃəɹ/ /ˈɡɹəʊ.sə/ n
sklepikarka sklepikarz
person selling foodstuffs and household items

groceries /ˈɡɹoʊs(ə)ɹiz/ /ˈɡɹoʊʃ(ə)ɹiz/ /ˈɡɹəʊs(ə)ɹiz/ /ˈɡɹəʊs(ə)ɹɪz/ n
spożywka żywność
commodities sold by a grocer or in a grocery

grocery /ˈɡɹoʊs(ə)ɹi/ /ˈɡɹoʊʃ(ə)ɹi/ /ˈɡɹəʊs(ə)ɹi/ n
sklep spożywczy spożywczak
shop or store that sells groceries

grog /ɡɹɑɡ/ /ɡɹɒɡ/ n
grog
alcoholic beverage made with rum and water

groin /ɡɹɔɪn/ n
pachwina
long narrow depression of the human body that separates the trunk from the legs

groom /ɡɹuːm/ v
pielęgnować
to care for animals

groomsman n
drużba
attendant to a bridegroom

groove /ɡɹuv/ /ɡɹuːv/ n
koleina żleb
long, narrow channel
rutyna
fixed routine

groove /ɡɹuv/ /ɡɹuːv/ v
żłobić
to cut a furrow into a surface

grosbeak n
grubodziób
several finches and cardinals that have a large, powerful bill

groschen n
grosz
coin

gross /ɡɹos/ /ɡɹoʊs/ /ɡɹɔs/ /ɡɹəʊs/ adj
brutto
including all associated amounts
ciężki poważny
conspicuously offensive
obleśny
causing disgust
obleśny odstręczający
lacking refinement in manner; offending morality

gross /ɡɹos/ /ɡɹoʊs/ /ɡɹɔs/ /ɡɹəʊs/ n
brutto
total earnings or amount
gros
twelve dozen

gross domestic product n
produkt krajowy brutto PKB
economic production of a particular territory

gross income n
dochody brutto przychód
income prior to expenses

gross national income n
dochód narodowy
total market value of all the goods and services produced by a nation

gross national product n
produkt narodowy brutto
economics

gross out v
obrzydzać obrzydzić
to sicken by reason of being disgusting

grosz /ɡɹɔʃ/ n
grosz
one hundredth of a Polish zloty

grotesque /ɡɹoʊˈtɛsk/ /ɡɹəʊˈtɛsk/ adj
groteskowy
distorted and unnatural in shape or size; abnormal and hideous

grotto /ˈɡɹɑ.toʊ/ /ˈɡɹɒt.əʊ/ n
grota
small cave

ground /ɡɹaʊnd/ adj
mielony
crushed or reduced to small particles

ground /ɡɹaʊnd/ n
dno grunt
bottom of a body of water
podstawa baza
basis, foundation, groundwork
uziemienie ziemia
electrical conductor connected to point of zero potential
electrical point of zero potential
ziemia
surface of the Earth
ziemia gleba
soil, earth

ground /ɡɹaʊnd/ v
uziemiać uziemić
to forbid an aircraft or pilot to fly

ground elder n
podagrycznik
Aegopodium podagraria

ground floor n
parter
floor of a building closest to ground level

ground ivy n
bluszczyk kurdybanek
Glechoma hederacea

ground set n
zestaw matematycznych struktur

ground squirrel n
suseł
Spermophilus

ground station n
stacja naziemna

ground wire n
przewód uziemiający

ground zero /-ˈzi(ˌ)ɹoʊ/ /ˌɡɹaʊnd ˈzɪəɹəʊ/ /ˌɡɹaʊnd ˈzɪɚ(ˌ)oʊ/ n
strefa zero
point on the land or water surface below, at, or above the detonation of a nuclear bomb

ground-effect vehicle n
ekranolot ekranoplan
ekranoplan

ground-ivy n
bluszczyk kurdybanek bluszczyk
Glechoma hederacea

groundbait n
zanęta

groundbreaking /ˈɡɹaʊndbɹeɪkɪŋ/ adj
pionierski innowacyjny rewolucyjny
innovative

groundbreaking /ˈɡɹaʊndbɹeɪkɪŋ/ n
wmurowanie kamienia węgielnego
a ceremony to mark the beginning of construction

grounded /-dəd/ /ˈɡɹaʊn.dɪd/ adj
uziemiony
not allowed to fly
of a conductor connected to earth

grounding /ˈɡɹaʊndɪŋ/ n
szlaban
act by which a child is grounded

groundless adj
bezpodstawny bezzasadny nieuzasadniony
baseless

groundlessly adv
bezpodstawnie bezzasadnie niesłusznie

groundlessness n
bezpodstawność bezzasadność

groundpecker n
pseudosójeczka
bird

grounds /ɡɹaʊndz/ n
fusy osad
sediment at the bottom of a liquid

groundwater n
woda gruntowa
Water existing beneath the earth's surface in underground streams and aquifers

groundwave n
fala przyziemna
signal propagating along the earth surface

group /ɡɹuːp/ n
grupa kupa
number of things or persons being in some relation to each other

group /ɡɹuːp/ v
grupować
put together to form a group
grupować się
come together to form a group

group buying n
tuangou
purchasing products and services at reduced prices

group of death n
grupa śmierci
a group in a multi-stage tournament which is unusually competitive

group sex n
seks grupowy
sexual practice

group velocity n
prędkość grupowa
propagation velocity of a wave envelope

grouping /ˈɡɹuːpɪŋ/ n
bateria
a collection of things or people

groupthink /ˈɡɹuːpθɪŋk/ n
myślenie grupowe
tendency of a group to conform to the majority view

grouse /ɡræus/ /ɡræɔs/ /ɡɹaʊs/ n
cietrzew głuszec pardwa
any of various game birds of the subfamily Tetraoninae

grout /ɡɹaʊt/ /ɡɹʌut/ n
fuga
mortar used between tiles
osad
dregs

grout /ɡɹaʊt/ /ɡɹʌut/ v
fugować zafugować
insert mortar between tiles

grove /ɡɹoʊv/ /ɡɹəʊv/ n
gaj lasek
small forest

grow /ɡɹoʊ/ /ɡɹəʊ/ [ˈɡ̊ɹʷəʊ̯] [ˈɡ̊ɻʷoʊ̯] v
robić się stawać się stać się zostawać zostać zrobić się
to assume a condition or quality
rosnąć
(intransitive) to become bigger
(intransitive) to appear or sprout
uprawiać powiększać powiększyć uprawić zapuszczać zapuścić
(transitive) to cause something to become bigger

grow some balls v
hodować jaja wyhodować jaja

grow up v
dorastać
to mature and become an adult

growing season n
okres wegetacyjny
time of year when plants grow

growl /ɡɹaʊl/ n
burczenie
sound made by the stomach when hungry
warczenie warknięcie
deep, rumbling, threatening sound

growl /ɡɹaʊl/ v
warczeć
to utter a deep guttural sound

grown-up adj
dorosły
adult, fully grown

growth /ɡɹoʊθ/ /ɡɹəʊθ/ n
narośl wzrost
pathology: abnormal mass such as a tumor
rośnięcie wzrastanie
act of growing
wzrost rozwój
increase in size

growth hormone n
hormon wzrostu
hormone

groyne /ɡɹɔɪn/ n
ostroga brzegowa
structure to prevent erosion

grub /ɡɹʌb/ n
robak
immature insect
żarcie
slang: food

grubby /ɡɹʌbi/ adj
brudny umorusany
dirty

grudge /ɡɹʌd͡ʒ/ n
uraza
deep seated animosity

grudging /ˈɡɹʌ.dʒɪŋ/ /ˈɡɹʌ.d͡ʒiŋ/ adj
niechętny wstrzemięźliwy
unwilling or with reluctance

gruel /ɡɹuː(ə)l/ n
kleik
thin watery porridge

gruelling /ˈɡɹu.lɪŋ/ /ˈɡɹu.əl.ɪŋ/ /ˈɡɹʊə.lɪŋ/ adj
wyczerpujący
so difficult or taxing as to make one exhausted

gruesome /ˈɡɹuːsʌm/ adj
makabryczny odpychający okropny przerażający straszliwy straszny
repellently frightful and shocking; horrific or ghastly

grumpy /ˈɡɹʌmpi/ adj
marudny
unhappy and/or irritable

grunge /ɡɹʌnd͡ʒ/ n
grunge
subgenre of alternative music

grunt /ɡɹʌnt/ n
chrumkanie
cry of a pig
chrząknięcie
short, snorting sound

grunt work /ɡɹʌ̃nʔwɝk/ n
czarna robota robota głupiego
unrewarding work

guacamole /wa.kaˈmo.le/ /ɡwa.kaˈmo.le/ /ˌɡwɑ.kəˈmol.i/ /ˌɡwɑ.kəˈmoʊ.leɪ/ n
guacamole
avocado-based greenish dip

guanine /ˈɡwɑː.niːn/ n
guanina
substance obtained from guano

guano /ˈɡwɑːnəʊ/ n
guano
dung from a sea bird or from a bat

guarantee /ˌɡæɹənˈtiː/ /ˌɡɛəɹənˈtiː/ n
gwarancja
anything that assures a certain outcome
written declaration
gwarant gwarantka poręczyciel
person who gives such a guarantee

guarantee /ˌɡæɹənˈtiː/ /ˌɡɛəɹənˈtiː/ v
gwarantować zagwarantować
to assume responsibility for a debt
gwarantować zagwarantować zapewniać zapewnić zaręczać zaręczyć
to give an assurance that something will be done right

guaranteed adj
gwarantowany zagwarantowany zapewniony
made certain; promised

guarantor /ˈɡæɹəntɔː(ɹ)/ /ˈɡæɹəntə(ɹ)/ n
gwarant gwarantka
person or company that provides a guarantee

guard /ɡɑɹd/ /ɡɑːd/ n
jelec
the part of a sword that protects the wielder's hand
osłona
part of machine blocking dangerous parts
strażnik
person who or thing that protects something

guard /ɡɑɹd/ /ɡɑːd/ v
chronić
to protect from some offence

guard of honour n
warta honorowa
group of people arranged in one or more rows

guardian /ˈɡɑɹ.di.ən/ /ˈɡɑɹ.din/ /ˈɡɑː.dɪ.ən/ n
gwardian
superior in a Franciscan monastery
obrońca strażnik stróż
guard or watcher
opiekun opiekunka
law: person legally responsible for a minor in loco parentis

guardian angel n
Anioł Stróż anioł stróż
spirit
anioł stróż
person

guardianship n
opieka
position

guardrail n
balustrada poręcz bariera energochłonna barierka
rail set alongside a dangerous place

guardsman n
gwardzista
a member of a Guards regiment
a member of the National Guard
a soldier on guard

guava /ˈɡwɑːvə/ n
guawa guajawa
tree or shrub
gujawa guawa
fruit

gubernatorial /ˌɡ(j)u.bɚ.nəˈtɔɹ.i.əl/ /ˌɡ(j)uː.bə.nəˈtɔː.ɹi.əl/ adj
gubernatorski
of or pertaining to a governor

guberniya n
gubernia
an administrative subdivision in the Russian empire

gudgeon /ˈɡʌdʒən/ /ˈɡʌd͡ʒən/ /ˈɡʌjən/ n
kiełb kiełb krótkowąsy kiełb pospolity
Gobio gobio

guelder rose /ˈɡɛldə(ɹ) ˌɹəʊz/ n
kalina
guelder rose, snowball tree

guenon /ɡəˈnoʊn/ /ˈɡwɛn.ən/ n
koczkodan
monkey of the genus Cercopithecus

guereza n
gereza
reddish-brown colobus monkey

guerrilla /ɡəˈɹɪlə/ n
partyzant bojowniczka bojownik partyzantka
irregular soldier
partyzantka wojna partyzancka
guerrilla war

guerrilla warfare n
partyzantka wojna partyzancka
fighting using groups of irregular troops

guess /ɡɛs/ n
zgadnięcie
prediction about the outcome of something

guess /ɡɛs/ v
odgadnąć odgadywać
to solve by a correct conjecture
przypuszczać domniemywać mniemać
to suppose
zgadywać zgadnąć
to reach an unqualified conclusion

guess what phraseologicalUnit
wiesz co
used to dramatize the unsurprising

guesswork n
domysł przypuszczenie
estimate, judgment or opinion

guest /ɡɛst/ n
gość
invited performer
patron, customer
gość gościni
recipient of hospitality

guest book n
księga gości
ledger for visitors to leave comments about an establishment
website feature functioning like a physical guest book

guest room n
pokój gościnny
room in a home or hotel set aside for the use of visiting guests

guest worker n
gastarbajter gastarbeiter
guest worker

guesthouse n
pensjonat
small house for visitors

guffaw /ɡəˈfoː/ /ɡəˈfɔ/ /ɡəˈfɔː/ v
rechotać rżeć
To laugh boisterously

guide /ɡaɪd/ n
drogowskaz
sign
instrukcja poradnik przewodnik
document, book
przewodniczka przewodnik
someone who guides

guide book n
bedeker przewodnik
book that provides guidance

guide dog n
pies przewodnik
dog that is trained to be of assistance to a blind person

guided missile n
pocisk kierowany
unmanned, self-propelled vehicle that travels through the air

guided tour n
zwiedzanie z przewodnikiem

guideline n
dyrektywa wytyczna
non-specific rule or principle

guild /ɡɪld/ n
gildia cech
association of tradespeople

guilder /ˈɡɪldə/ /ˈɡɪldɚ/ n
gulden
unit of currency

guile /ɡaɪl/ n
przebiegłość
astuteness, cunning

guillemet /ˈɡɪl.əˌmɛt/ /ˌɡi.(j)əˈmeɪ/ /ˌɡiˈmeɪ/ n
cudzysłów ostrokątny
either of the punctuation marks « or »

guillotine /ˈɡi(j)əˌtin/ /ˈɡɪlətiːn/ /ˈɡɪləˌtin/ /ˌɡiːjəˈtiːn/ /ˌɡɪləˈtiːn/ n
gilotyna
machine used for the application of capital punishment by decapitation

guillotine /ˈɡi(j)əˌtin/ /ˈɡɪlətiːn/ /ˈɡɪləˌtin/ /ˌɡiːjəˈtiːn/ /ˌɡɪləˈtiːn/ v
gilotynować zgilotynować
to execute (someone) with a guillotine

guillotining n
gilotynowanie
execution by guillotine

guilt /ɡɪlt/ n
wina
responsibility for wrongdoing
legal

guilt-ridden adj
mający poczucie winy
having a strong sense of guilt

guilty /ˈɡɪl.ti/ adj
winny oskarżony
judged to have committed a crime
winny winien winna
responsible for a dishonest act

guinea /ˈɡɪni/ n
gwinea
coin worth 21 shillings

guinea fowl /ˈɡɪni ˌfaʊl/ n
perliczka
bird

guinea pig /ˈɡɪni pɪɡ/ n
królik doświadczalny
experimental subject
świnka morska kawia domowa
rodent

guitar /ɡɪˈtɑɹ/ /ɡɪˈtɑː(ɹ)/ /ˈɡɪ.tɑɹ/ n
gitara
musical instrument

guitarist n
gitarzysta gitarzystka
person playing or performing on the guitar

gulag /-læɡ/ /-ˌlæɡ/ /ɡuːˈlɑk/ /ˈɡuˌlɑɡ/ /ˈɡuːlɑɡ/ n
gułag GUŁag
system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)

gules /ˈɡjulz/ /ˈɡjuːlz/ /ˈɡulz/ adj
czerwony
heraldry, of the colour red

gulf /ɡɒlf/ /ɡʌlf/ n
rozbrat rozłam
large difference between groups
zatoka
geography

gull /ˈɡʌl/ n
mewa
seabird

gull-billed tern n
rybitwa krótkodzioba
Gelochelidon nilotica

gullet /ˈɡʌl.ət/ /ˈɡʌl.ɪt/ n
przełyk
the throat or esophagus

gullibility /ˈɡʌləbɪləti/ /ˈɡʌlɪbɪlɪti/ n
naiwność, łatwowierność
quality of being easily deceived

gullible /ˈɡʌlɪbl̩/ adj
naiwny łatwowierny
easily deceived or duped, naive

gum /ɡʌm/ n
dziąsło dziąsła
flesh around teeth

gum arabic n
guma arabska
substance from acacia trees

gummi n
żelka
gelatinous candy

gummy bear n
gumiś
candy

gun /ɡʌn/ n
działo armata
(military) A cannon with relatively long barrel, operating with relatively low angle of fire, and having a high muzzle velocity
pistolet rewolwer
a portable, short weapon, for hand use
strzelba
a less portable, long weapon

gun /ɡʌn/ v
podkręcić
speed something up

gun carriage n
laweta łoże
metal frame on which a piece of ordnance is mounted for firing or transportation

gun control n
kontrola broni
law or policy restricting or limiting the possession of firearms by private citizens

gun dog n
aporter
dog used by hunter

gun down v
zastrzelić
kill by firearm

gun licence n
pozwolenie na broń

gun-howitzer n
armatohaubica haubicoarmata
artillery piece capable of fulfilling the roles of a traditional field gun and howitzer

gunboat n
kanonierka
small armed vessel

guncotton n
bawełna strzelnicza

gunfire /ˈɡʌnfʌɪə/ n
ogień
shots from guns

gunmetal /-ɾ(ə)l/ /ˈɡʌnmɛt(ə)l/ n
spiż
alloy of copper, tin and zinc

gunner /ˈɡʌn.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈɡʌn.ɚ/ n
Arsenalczyk Arsenalka Kanonier Kanonierka
a fan of Arsenal

gunpowder /ˈɡʌnˌpaʊdə/ /ˈɡʌnˌpaʊdɚ/ n
proch
explosive mixture

gunsight n
celownik
an optical instrument

gunsmith n
rusznikarz puszkarz
person skilled in the repair and servicing of firearms

gunwale /ˈɡʌnəl/ n
reling
top edge of the side of a boat

guppy /ˈɡʌpi/ n
gupik
Poecilia reticulata

gurgle /ˈɡɜː.ɡl̩/ /ˈɡɝ.ɡl̩/ n
bulgot bulgotanie gaworzenie gulgot
gurgling sound

gurgle /ˈɡɜː.ɡl̩/ /ˈɡɝ.ɡl̩/ v
bulgotać gulgotać
to make such a sound

guru /ɡəˈɹu/ /ɡʊˈɹuː/ /ˈɡu(ˌ)ɹu/ /ˈɡuːɹuː/ /ˈɡʊɹ(ˌ)u/ /ˈɡʊɹuː/ n
guru
advisor or mentor
spiritual teacher

gushily adv
afektacyjnie

gushiness n
afektacja egzaltacja

gushy adj
afektacyjny

gusle /ˈɡʊslə/ n
gęśl gęśla gęśle
single-stringed instrument

gusli n
gusli
an ancient Russian musical instrument

gussy up v
stroić się wystroić się
dress up

gust /ɡʌst/ n
poryw
strong, abrupt rush of wind
zryw
any rush or outburst

gusty /ˈɡʌs.ti/ adj
porywisty
of wind: blowing in gusts

gut /ɡʌt/ v
bebeszyć wybebeszać wybebeszyć
To eviscerate

gut feeling n
przeczucie
an instinct or intuition

guts /ɡʌts/ n
bebechy
entrails
essentials; core parts

gutta /ˈɡʌtə/ n
gutta
Doric architectural element

gutter /ˈɡʌt.ə/ /ˈɡʌt.ɚ/ /ˈɡʌt̬.ɚ/ n
rynna
duct or channel beneath the eaves
rynsztok
locus of something distasteful or morally questionable
low, vulgar state
prepared channel in a surface

guttural /ˈɡʌtəɹəl/ [ˈɡʌɾɚɫ̩] adj
gardłowy
medicine, anatomy: of, relating to, or connected to the throat
phonetics: articulated at the back of the mouth
nieartykułowany
sounding harsh and throaty

guv n
kierownik kierowniczka
form of address

guy /ɡaɪ/ n
facet chłop
male, man

gybe /d͡ʒaɪb/ n
zwrot przez rufę zwrot z wiatrem
sailing manoeuvre

gym /d͡ʒɪm/ n
gimnastyka wuef wychowanie fizyczne
physical education class
siłownia fitness club pakernia pakownia siłka
sporting facility specialized for lifting weights and exercise

gymnasium /d͡ʒɪmˈneɪ.zi.əm/ n
gimnazjum
type of school
siłownia
place for indoor sports

gymnastic /d͡ʒɪmˈnæstɪk/ adj
gimnastyczny
pertaining to gymnastics

gymnastics /d͡ʒɪmˈnæs.tɪks/ n
gimnastyka
a sport
complex intellectual or artistic exercise

gymnospermous adj
nagonasienny nagozalążkowy
having seeds that are not protected in a capsule
of or pertaining to a gymnosperm

gynaeceum n
gineceum gyneceum
women's quarters in a household

gynaeco- /ˌdʒaɪnɪkə/ /ˌɡaɪnɪkə/ prefix
gineko-

gynaecologist /ˌɡaɪ.nəˈkɑː.lə.dʒɪst/ /ˌɡaɪ.nəˈkɒl.ə.dʒɪst/ n
ginekolog
specialist in diseases of the female reproductive system

gynecological adj
ginekologiczny
pertaining to gynecology

gynecologically adv
ginekologicznie
in a gynecological context

gynecology /ˌdʒaɪnɪˈkɒlədʒi/ /ˌd͡ʒaɪnəˈkɑləd͡ʒi/ /ˌɡaɪnəˈkɑləd͡ʒi/ /ˌɡaɪnɪˈkɒlədʒi/ n
ginekologia
branch of medicine specializing in the problems of women

gynecomastia /ˌd͡ʒaɪnɪkoʊˈmæstiə/ /ˌd͡ʒaɪnɪkəˈmæstiə/ /ˌɡaɪnɪkoʊˈmæstiə/ /ˌɡaɪnɪkə(ʊ)ˈmæstɪə/ /ˌɡaɪnɪkəˈmæstiə/ n
ginekomastia
development of breasts in males

gyoza /ˈɡjoʊzə/ /ˈɡjɒzə/ n
gyoza
A Japanese crescent-shaped dumpling of Chinese origin

gyp /d͡ʒɪp/ n
kanciarz
a cheat or swindle; a rip-off

gypsiology n
cyganologia
study of the life and culture of gypsies

gypsum /ˈd͡ʒɪp.səm/ n
gips
mineral

gypsum board n
płyta gipsowo-kartonowa płyta karton-gips płyta regipsowa regips
drywall panels

gypsy /ˈd͡ʒɪp.si/ n
cygan cyganka
any itinerant person, or any person suspected of making a living from dishonest practices or theft

gyrfalcon /ˈdʒɜːfɔːlkən/ /ˈd͡ʒɝˌfælkən/ n
białozór krzeczot
Falco rusticolus

gyro /ˈd͡ʒaɪɹoʊ/ /ˈjiː.ɹoʊ/ /ˈjɪɹoʊ/ /ˈʒɪɹoʊ/ n
giros gyros kebab
Greek sandwich

gyro- prefix
giro- żyro-

gyron n
giron
heraldic charge

gyronny adj
promień
heraldic term

gyroscope n
żyroskop
apparatus

gyroscopic adj
żyroskopowy giroskopowy

ha-ha /hɑːˈhɑː/ /ˈhɑˌhɑ/ /ˈhɑːhɑː/ /ˌhɑˈhɑ/ interjection
cha cha ha ha

habenula n
uzdeczka
mass of cells in the thalamus

haberdashery n
pasmanteria
a shop selling such goods
ribbons, buttons, thread, needles and similar sewing goods sold in a haberdasher's shop

habilitation /həˌbɪlɪˈteɪʃən/ n
habilitacja
postdoctoral academic qualification required for tenure

habit /ˈhæbət/ /ˈhæbɪt/ n
nawyk
action performed repeatedly and automatically, usually without awareness
nałóg
addiction
zwyczaj nawyk
an action done on a regular basis
habit
long piece of clothing worn by monks and nuns

habitat /ˈhæbɪtæt/ [ˈhæbɪtæʔ] n
siedlisko
natural conditions in which a plant or animal lives

habitation /ˌhæb.ɪˈteɪ.ʃən/ /ˌhæb.ɪˈtæɪ.ʃən/ n
domostwo
a place of abode
zamieszkiwanie
the act of inhabitating

habituation n
habituacja
act of habituating, or accustoming

hacienda /ˌ(h)ɑsiˈɛndə/ /ˌhæsiˈɛndə/ n
hacjenda
homestead

hack /hæk/ v
hakować włamać się włamywać się zhakować
to gain illegal access to a computer network
to gain unauthorised access to a computer or online account
porąbać rąbać wyrąbać zrąbać
to chop or cut down in a rough manner

hackamore /ˈhækəmɔː/ n
hackamore
bridle with no bit

hackathon /ˈhækəθɒn/ n
hackathon
event

hackberry n
wiązowiec
plant

hacker /hækə/ /hækəɹ/ n
haker
one who is expert at programming and solving problems with a computer
hakerka haker
one who uses a computer to gain unauthorized access to data stored in, or to carry out malicious attacks on, computer networks or computer systems

hacksaw n
piła do metalu piłka do metalu
saw

hacktivism n
haktywizm

haddock /ˈhædək/ n
plamiak łupacz
marine fish

hadith [həˈdiːθ] n
hadis
collected sayings and actions of Muhammad

hadron /ˈhæd.ɹɑn/ /ˈhæd.ɹɒn/ n
hadron
composite particle composed of quarks

haemato- /hiːmətəʊ/ prefix
hemato- hemo-

haematology /ˌhiməˈtɑləd͡ʒi/ /ˌhiːməˈtɒlədʒi/ n
hematologia
scientific study of blood and blood-producing organs

haemo- prefix
hemato- hemo-
pertaining to blood

haemophilia /ˌhiːməˈfɪliə, -ˈfiːliə/ n
hemofilia
any of several hereditary illnesses that impair the body's ability to control bleeding

haemorrhoids /ˈhɛməɹɔɪdz/ /ˈhɛmɹɔɪdz/ n
hemoroidy
a pathological condition

hafnium /ˈhæfniəm/ n
hafn
chemical element

hag /hæɡ/ n
baba jędza
ugly old woman
czarownica wiedźma
witch, sorceress, enchantress

hagfish n
śluzica
eellike fish of the family Myxinidae

haggard /ˈhæɡ.əd/ /ˈhæɡ.ɚd/ adj
dzikie nieoswojone
wild or untamed
wymizerowany wynędzniały
looking exhausted and unwell

haggis /ˈhæɡɪs/ n
haggis
traditional Scottish dish

haggle /ˈhæɡəl/ v
targować
to argue for a better deal

haggler n
targacz
person who haggles

hagiographer /ˌheɪd͡ʒi-/ /ˌheɪɡi-/ /ˌhæɡiˈɑɡɹəfɚ/ /ˌhæɡiˈɒɡɹəfə/ n
hagiograf
someone who writes the biography of a saint

haha interjection
ha ha he he hi hi

haiku /haɪˈku/ /ˈhaɪ.ku/ /ˈhaɪ.kuː/ n
haiku
Japanese poem of a specific form

hail /heɪl/ [heɪ̯ɫ] n
grad
balls of ice

hail /heɪl/ [heɪ̯ɫ] v
grad pada
to fall from the sky, of hail

hail storm n
burza z gradami
a storm characterized by lots of large hail

hailstone n
gradowina gradzina kulka gradu
single ball of hail

hair /heː/ /hɛ(ə)ɹ/ /hɛə/ /hɛː/ /hɛːə/ [hiə] [hɛɚ] n
włos włosy
pigmented filament of keratin on the skin of humans and other mammals
mass of such filaments on the human head
włosy włos
mass of such filaments growing from the skin of humans and animals

hair conditioner n
odżywka do włosów
cosmetic product

hair dye n
farba do włosów
any of various materials used to dye hair on the head

hair gel n
żel do włosów
hairstyling gel that hardens the hair

hair loss n
utrata włosów wypadanie włosów łysienie
loss of hair

hair of the dog n
klin
curing drink

hair roller n
wałek do włosów
a small tube that is rolled into a person's hair

hair salon n
zakład fryzjerski
workplace of a beautician or barber

hair's breadth n
piczy włos
very small amount or distance

hairball n
kłak zakłaczenie
wad of fur

hairbrush n
szczotka do włosów
a brush used in hair care

haircut /ˈhɛə(ɹ)kʌt/ n
strzyżenie
act of cutting of hair

hairdresser n
fryzjer fryzjerka golibroda
professional for haircutting or hairstyling

hairdryer n
suszarka
electrical appliance for drying hair

hairgrip n
wsuwka
flat hairpin with two prongs

hairless adj
bezwłosy
destitute of hair

hairpiece n
tresa treska
false substitute for a person's hair

hairpin /ˈhɛə.pɪn/ /ˈhɛɚ.pɪn/ n
spinka do włosów spinka
pin or fastener for the hair

hairpin bend n
ostry zakręt
acute curve in a road on a steep incline

hairstyle n
fryzura
the style in which someone's hair has been cut and arranged

hairy /ˈhɛə.ɹi/ /ˈhɛɚ.i/ adj
owłosiony włochaty
of a person
owłosiony zarośnięty
of a body part other than the head
ryzykowny trudny
difficult, complex, intricate, or intimidating
włochaty
of an animal

hajduk n
hajduk
a mercenary foot soldier in Hungary
outlaw, highwayman or freedom fighter in the Balkans

hajj /hæd͡ʒ/ /hɑːd͡ʒ/ /hʌd͡ʒ/ n
hadż hadżdż
pilgrimage to Mecca

hake /heɪk/ n
morszczuk
fish

halachic adj
halachiczny
of or pertaining to Halacha; in accordance with Halacha

halation /həˈleɪʃən/ n
halo
the blurring of light around a bright area of a photographic image, or on a television screen

halberd /ˈhæl.bɚd/ /ˈhælbəd/ /ˈhælbɜːd/ /ˈhɑl.bɚd/ /ˈhɔl.bɚd/ n
halabarda
hand weapon

half /haf/ /häf/ /hæf/ /hɐːf/ /hɑːf/ adj
połowiczny pół- pół
consisting of a half
przyrodni pół
having one parent in common

half /haf/ /häf/ /hæf/ /hɐːf/ /hɑːf/ n
połowa pół
one of two equal parts into which anything may be divided
połówka
half a standard measure

half a loaf is better than none proverb
lepszy rydz niż nic

half brother /ˌhæfˈbɹʌðɚ/ n
przyrodni brat
male half-sibling

half marathon n
półmaraton
running race

half past /ˈhæf ˌpæst/ /ˈhæˌpæst/ /ˈhɑːf ˌpɑːst/ /ˈhɑːpəs(t)/ /ˈhɑːˌpɑːst/ n
wpół do drugiej
"half past one" as example of usage in other languages

half sibling n
rodzeństwo przyrodnie
a half sibling

half sister n
siostra przyrodnia
a female half sibling

half smile n
półuśmiech
partial smile

half the battle phraseologicalUnit
połowa sukcesu

half-ass /ˈhæfæs/ adj
na pół gwizdka
produced in an incompetent manner

half-awake adj
półprzytomny
barely awake

half-century n
półwiecze
period of fifty years

half-elf n
półelf
person who is half elven and half human

half-forgotten adj
na wpół zapomniany
half-forgotten

half-hour n
pół godziny
period

half-landing n
półpiętro
small landing

half-length adj
pokazujący połowę ciała
(arts) depicting only the upper half of the subject
pół długości
half the normal length

half-life /ˈhæfˌlaɪf/ n
czas połowicznego rozpadu okres połowicznego rozpadu
time in physics

half-measure n
półśrodek

half-moon n
półksiężyc
anything shaped like a crescent
the moon in its first or last quarter

half-naked adj
półgoły półnagi
with very few clothes on

half-open adj
półotwarty
partially open

half-plane n
półpłaszczyzna
either half of an infinite plane

half-truth n
półprawda
A deceptive statement

half-year n
półrocze
period of half a year

halfdead adj
półumarły
halfway dead; partially alive

halfhearted adj
na pół gwizdka
lacking full energy

halfheartedly adv
na pół gwizdka
in a half-hearted manner

halfling n
niziołek niziołki
a hobbit

halfsleep n
półsenny
state between being awake and being asleep

halfway /hæfweɪ/ /hɑːfˈweɪ/ adv
w połowie drogi w pół drogi
midway

halibut /ˈhæ.lɪ.bət/ /ˈhɒ.lɪ.bət/ n
halibut kulbak
fish of genus Hippoglossus

halite /ˈheɪ.laɪt/ /ˈhæl.aɪt/ n
halit
NaCl

halitosis /hæl.ɪˈtoʊ.sɪs/ /hæl.ɪˈtəʉ.sɪs/ /hæl.ɪˈtəʊ.sɪs/ n
cuchnący oddech
condition of having foul-smelling breath

hall /hɑl/ /hɔl/ /hɔːl/ n
hol przedpokój sala
corridor or a hallway
rezydencja
manor house
sala hala
large meeting room

hall of fame n
galeria sław
hall which honors people of great importance to some field

hall of mirrors n
gabinet luster
carnival attraction with curved mirrors that distort the viewer's appearance

hall of residence n
akademik dom akademicki
building for university students to live in

hallelujah /ˌhæl.əˈl(j)uː.jə/ interjection
alleluja hosanna
exclamation to praise God

hallelujah /ˌhæl.əˈl(j)uː.jə/ n
alleluja
song

hallmark /ˈhɔlmɑɹk/ /ˈhɔːlmɑːk/ n
cecha probiercza próba
an official marking

hallow /ˈhæloʊ/ /ˈhæləʊ/ /ˈhɑloʊ/ v
poświęcać święcić
to sanctify

hallucination /həˌluːsɪˈneɪʃən/ n
halucynacja
sensory perception of something that does not exist

hallucinogen /həˈluː.sɪ.nə.d͡ʒɛn/ /ˌhæl.uːˈsɪn.ə.dʒən/ n
halucynogen
that which causes hallucinations

hallucinogenic /həˌlusənəˈd͡ʒɛnɪk/ /həˌlusɪnəˈd͡ʒɛnɪk/ /həˌluːsɪnəˈdʒɛnɪk/ adj
halucynogenny
producing hallucinations

halmos n
znak końca dowodu

halo /ˈheɪloʊ/ /ˈheɪləʊ/ n
aureola gloria nimb
metaphorical aura of glory, veneration or sentiment
aureola gloria nimb nimbus
luminous disc around the heads of saints
halo
anything resembling the phenomenon
halo aureola
atmospheric phenomenon

halo- /ˈhæləʊ/ prefix
hali- halo-
salt

halogen /ˈheɪ.lə.d͡ʒən/ /ˈhæl.ə.d͡ʒən/ n
halogen fluorowiec
any element of group 17

halophilic adj
słonolubny
thriving in high-salinity environments

halophyte n
halofit słonorośl słonorośle
plant

halotherapy /ˌheɪləʊˈθɛɹəpi/ n
haloterapia
therapy which makes use of salt

halter /ˈhɔltɚ/ /ˈhɔːltə/ n
kantar uzda
animal's headgear

halting problem n
problem stopu
problem in theoretical computer science

halva /hɑːlˈvɑː/ /ˈhɑːlvɑː/ n
chałwa
confection

halve /hæv/ /hɑːv/ v
połowić
to divide in two equal parts

halyard /ˈhæljɑː(ɹ)d/ /ˈhæljə(ɹ)d/ n
fał
rope

ham /ˈhæm/ /ˈhæːm/ n
golonka
region back of the knee joint
szynka
thigh of a hog cured for food
thigh and buttock of any animal slaughtered for meat
back of the thigh
kabotyn
actor with an exaggerating style
radioamator
ham radio operator

ham hock n
golonka

hamartia /həˈmɑː.ti.ə/ /ˌhæˌmɑɹˈtiː.ə/ /ˌhɑːˌmɑɹˈtiː.ə/ n
Hamartia
tragic flaw

hamartoma n
błędniak hamartoma
benign mass of disorganized tissue

hambeast n
baleron baryła

hamburger /ˈhæm.bə.ɡə/ /ˈhæm.bɚ.ɡɚ/ /ˈhæmˌbɜː.ɡə/ /ˈhæmˌbɝ.ɡɚ/ n
hamburger
sandwich

hamlet /ˈhæm.lət/ /ˈhæm.lɪt/ n
przysiółek sioło
small village

hammer /ˈhæm.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈhæm.ɚ/ n
kurek
part of a firearm
młot
sports: device
part of a clock
młoteczek młot
bone of the middle ear
młotek młot
tool

hammer and sickle n
sierp i młot
symbol of communism

hammer price n
najwyższa oferta
amount of the highest bid at an auction

hammer throw n
rzut młotem
athletic event where a heavy steel ball with a handle attached is thrown

hammer thrower n
młociarka młociarz
athlete who competes in the hammer throw

hammerhead n
bijak
portion of a hammer used for hitting
rekin młot
shark

hammerhead shark n
głowomłot rekin młot
shark of the genus Sphyrna

hammerless adj
bezkurkowy
of a firearm

hammock /ˈhæmək/ /ˈhæmɪk/ n
hamak
swinging couch or bed

hamper /ˈhæm.pə/ /ˈhæm.pɚ/ n
przeszkoda zawada
anything which impedes

hamper /ˈhæm.pə/ /ˈhæm.pɚ/ v
spętać ujarzmić usidlić uwięzić
to put a hamper or fetter on; to shackle; to ensnare; to inveigle

hamsa /ˈhæm.sə/ /ˈhɑm.sə/ n
chamsa
Hand of Fatima

hamster /ˈhæm(p)stɚ/ n
chomik
rodent species belonging to the Cricetinae

hamza n
hamza
Arabic hamza

hand /hænd/ [heənd] [hɛənd] [hɛːnd] n
kiść
bunch of bananas
ręka
set of cards held by a player in a card game
ręka dłoń
part of the fore limb
wskazówka
index or pointer on a dial, such as on an analogue/analog clock

hand cannon n
rusznica
early firearm

hand cream n
krem do rąk
cream

hand fan n
wachlarz
hand-held device

hand grenade /ˈhænd.ɡɚˈneɪd/ /ˈhænd.ɡɹəˈneɪd/ n
granat ręczny
explosive device

hand in hand /ˌhændɪnˈhænd/ adv
ręka w rękę
holding or clasping hands

hand job n
hand job
Manual stimulation of another person's penis

hand out v
rozdawać rozdać
to distribute

hand over v
przekazać przekazywać
to relinquish control or possession

hand puppet n
pacynka
puppet operated by the hand

hand sanitizer /ˈhænd ˌsænətaɪzɚ/ /ˈhænd ˌsænɪtaɪzɚ/ n
płyn do dezynfekcji rąk
liquid

hand truck n
młynarka wózek transportowy
box-moving handcart

hand-to-mouth adj
z dnia na dzień

handbag /ˈhæm.bəɡ/ /ˈhændˌbæɡ/ n
torebka
small bag carried in the hand

handball n
ręka
football offence
szczypiorniak piłka ręczna
team sport

handball player n
piłkarz ręczny szczypiornista
person who plays handball

handbell n
dzwonek z rączką
small bell rung by hand

handbook n
podręcznik
a book of reference

handbrake n
hamulec ręczny
hand-operated brake in a car

handcart n
taczka wózek ręczny
a cart designed to be pulled or pushed by hand

handcuff /ˈhændˌkʌf/ n
kajdanki
ring of a locking fetter for the hand

handcuff /ˈhændˌkʌf/ v
skuwać skuć zakuwać zakuć
to apply handcuffs

handcuffs n
kajdanki
metal rings for fastening wrists

handful /ˈhæn(d)fəl/ /ˈhæn(d)fʊl/ n
garstka garść
small number
garść garstka
amount held in hand
trudne do zniesienia
handled with difficulty

handicap /ˈhændikæp/ n
fory
in a competition, allowance granted or hindrance imposed
upośledzenie
disadvantage, in particular physical or mental disadvantages of people

handicapped adj
niepełnosprawny
having a handicap

handicraft /ˈhændɪkɹæft/ /ˈhændɪkɹɑːft/ n
rzemiosło rękodzieło
trade requiring skill of hand

handkerchief /ˈheɪŋkɚt͡ʃɪf/ /ˈhæŋkətʃiːf/ /ˈhæŋkətʃɪf/ /ˈhæŋkɚt͡ʃɪf/ n
chusteczka chusteczka do nosa
cloth for wiping the face, eyes, nose or hands

handle /ˈhæn.dl̩/ /ˈhɛən.dl̩/ n
klamka
part of a door
uchwyt
computing: reference to an object or structure
uchwyt rączka rękojeść trzonek gałka
part of an object held in the hand when used or moved

handle with kid gloves v
cackać się obcyndalać się patyczkować się
to treat something very delicately

handlebar /ˈhændəlbɑː/ /ˈhændəlbɑːɹ/ n
kierownica
bar for steering

handless /ˈhændləs/ adj
bezręki
without a hand

handling /ˈhændlɪŋ/ /ˈhændl̩ɪŋ/ n
paserstwo
criminal offence

handmade /ˈhændˌmeɪd/ /ˌhændˈmeɪd/ adj
wykonany ręcznie
made by hand

handout /ˈhændaʊt/ n
zapomoga
a gift to the poor or needy

handpick v
dobierać dobrać
To select carefully with individual attention

handrail n
poręcz
rail which can be held

hands down adv
bez dwóch zdań
without question

hands up interjection
ręce do góry!
surrender!

handsaw n
piła
saw small enough to be used by one hand

handset /ˈhæn(d)sɛt/ n
aparat słuchawka
the part of a telephone containing both receiver and transmitter, held in the hand

handshake n
uścisk dłoni uścisk ręki
grasping of hands by two people

handsome /ˈhæn.səm/ /ˈhænd.səm/ /ˈhænt.səm/ adj
przystojny piękny
of man: attractive

handsomeness /ˈhænsəmnəs/ n
przystojność
quality of being handsome

handspan n
piędź
a measurement

handspike n
handszpak
a bar or lever used in a windlass

handspring n
przerzut
A somersault made with the assistance of the hands placed upon the ground

handstaff n
dzierżak
part of a flail

handstitched adj
ręcznie szyty

handsy /ˈhæn(d)zi/ adj
macać
prone to touching others

handwriting /ˈhændɹaɪtɪŋ/ n
pismo
characteristic writing of a particular person
rękopis
text written by hand

handwritten adj
odręczny
written with a pen or pencil

handy /ˈhæn.di/ adj
podręczny
within reach
wygodny dogodny
easy to use

handyman /ˈhændimæn/ n
majster-klepka złota rączka
man who does odd tasks

hang /hæŋ/ [heɪŋ] v
obwiesić obwieszać
to decorate (something) with hanging objects
powiesić wieszać
to cause to be suspended
to execute by suspension from the neck
sterczeć
informal: to loiter
wieszać
to apply (wallpaper or drywall to a wall)
to exhibit by hanging
wieszać powiesić
to hold or bear in a suspended or inclined manner or position
wieszać zawiesić
to place on a hook
wisieć
to float as if suspended
wisieć się
chess: to be vulnerable to capture
wisieć podstawiać podstawić
chess: to cause to become vulnerable to capture
wisieć powiesić
to be or remain suspended
wisieć zawisnąć
to be executed using gallows
zawiesić się zawieszać się
computing: to stop responding
zawieszać zawisieć
computing: to cause (a program or computer) to stop responding

hang by a thread v
wisieć na włosku
to be in a precarious situation

hang glider /hæŋ ˈɡlaɪdə(ɹ)/ [heɪŋ ˈɡlaɪdɚ] n
lotnia
aircraft
lotniarz
rider

hang gliding /hæŋ ˈɡlɑɪdɪŋ/ [heɪŋ ˈɡlaɪdɪŋ] n
lotniarstwo
flying in a hang glider

hang out /ˈhæŋ ˈaʊt/ v
przesiadywać
to do nothing in particular

hang out to dry v
zostawić kogoś na lodzie
abandon someone in need

hang up v
odkładać odłożyć
terminate a phone call

hang up one's boots v
odchodzić z zawodu odejść z zawodu
to retire

hangar /ˈhæŋə/ /ˈhæŋɚ/ n
hangar
a large garage-like structure where aircraft are kept

hanger /ˈhæŋ.ə/ /ˈhæŋ.ɚ/ [ˈheɪŋ.ɚ] n
wieszak
clothes hanger

hanging /ˈhæŋ.ɪŋ/ n
powieszenie
means of execution
public event at which a person is hanged

hangman n
kat
executioner
wisielec
game

hangman's noose n
wisielcza pętla
kind of knot used primarily to execute a person by hanging

hangnail /ˈhæŋneɪl/ [heɪŋneɪ̯ɫ] n
skórka zadzior
protruding piece of nail tissue or skin near base of fingernail or toenail

hangover /ˈhæŋoʊvɚ/ /ˈhæŋəʊvə/ n
kac tupot białych mew
negative effects caused by heavy drinking

hanukkiah n
chanukija
nine-branched candelabrum

hapax legomenon /ˌhæ.pæks ləˈɡɑ.məˌnɑn/ /ˌhæ.pæks ləˈɡɒ.məˌnɒn/ n
hapaks legomenon hapax legomenon
word occurring only once

haphazard /ˌhæpˈhæz.əd/ /ˌhæpˈhæz.ɚd/ adj
chaotyczny
random, chaotic, incomplete

haplo- /hæploʊ-/ prefix
haplo-

haplogroup n
haplogrupa
group of haplotypes

haploid adj
haploidalny
having a single set of unpaired chromosomes

haploid n
haploid
haploid cell

haplology /hæˈplɒləd͡ʒi/ n
haplologia
deleting syllables

happen /ˈhæpən/ v
dziać stać trafiać trafić wydarzać wydarzyć
to occur
przypadkiem
to occur by chance, unexpectedly

happening /ˈhæpnɪŋ/ /ˈhæpənɪŋ/ /ˈhæpɪnɪŋ/ [hæpnɪn] n
happening
a spontaneous or improvised event, especially one that involves audience participation
zdarzenie
something that happens

happily /ˈhæp.ə.li/ adv
szczęśliwie
by good chance, fortunately
in a happy manner

happily ever after adv
i żyli długo i szczęśliwie
happily until death

happiness /ˈhæpinəs/ /ˈhæpinɪs/ n
szczęście
agreeable feeling
good luck
szczęście radość
emotion of being happy

happy /ˈhæpi/ adj
szczęśliwy
fortunate, lucky
szczęśliwy radosny
contented, joyous
zadowolony
content (to do something); having no objection (to something)

happy Easter phraseologicalUnit
Wesołych Świąt Wesołego Alleluja wesołego jajka
an expression used during Easter

happy New Year phraseologicalUnit
do siego roku szczęśliwego Nowego Roku
Happy New Year

happy Valentine's Day phraseologicalUnit
szczęśliwych walentynek

happy as a clam adj
cały w skowronkach
very happy and carefree

happy as a pig in shit adj
cieszy się jak łysy w pokrzywach cieszy się, jakby mu kto w kieszeń nakakał
extremely happy

happy birthday /ˈhæp.i ˈbɜːθ.deɪ/ /ˈhæp.i ˈbɝθˌdeɪ/ interjection
wszystkiego najlepszego z okazji urodzin sto lat wszystkiego najlepszego
good wishes for a birthday

happy ending n
happy end
happy end

happy holidays phraseologicalUnit
Wesołych Świąt
holiday greeting

happy hour n
happy hour
pub discount drinking hours

happy hunting ground n
kraina wiecznych łowów
Native American idea of the afterlife

happy-go-lucky adj
beztroski luzacki niefrasobliwy
carefree

haptic /ˈhæptɪk/ adj
dotykowy haptyczny
of or relating to the sense of touch
haptyczny
of or relating to haptics

harass /həˈɹæs/ /ˈhæɹəs/ v
dręczyć gnębić nękać prześladować
to annoy (someone) frequently or systematically

harassment /-mɪnt/ /həˈɹæs.mənt/ /ˈhæɹ.əs.mənt/ n
dręczenie molestowanie napastowanie prześladowanie
persistent attacks and criticism causing worry and distress

harbinger /ˈhɑɹbɪnd͡ʒəɹ/ /ˈhɑːbɪndʒə/ n
zwiastun
that which foretells the coming of something

harbor /ˈhɑɹbɚ/ /ˈhɑːbə/ n
port przystań
for ships
przystań
place of shelter

harbormaster n
kapitan portu
official responsible for the enforcement of regulations in a port

harbour porpoise n
morświn zwyczajny
a porpoise, Phocoena phocoena

hard /hɑɹd/ /hɑːd/ adj
ciężki twardy
demanding a lot of effort to endure
mocny
of drink: strong
niepodważalny
unquestionable
surowy
severe
trudny
requiring a lot of effort to do or understand
twarda
of water, high in dissolved calcium compounds
twardy
resistant to pressure

hard candy n
cukierek landrynka
candy prepared from one or more syrups

hard cheese n
ser twardy ser żółty
A standard type of firm, ripe cheese

hard code v
hardkodować zahardkodować
code values directly into code

hard copy n
wydruk
copy

hard currency n
twarda waluta
globally traded currency that serves as a reliable and stable store of value

hard disk n
dysk twardy
unit and all the disks within it

hard drive n
dysk twardy
device used for storing large amounts of data

hard hat n
kask kask budowlany
construction helmet

hard nut to crack n
twardy orzech do zgryzienia
challenging problem to solve

hard of hearing adj
głuchawy niedosłyszący przygłuchy słabosłyszący
having difficulty hearing

hard palate n
podniebienie twarde
tissue

hard return n
twardy enter

hard science n
nauka ścisła
sciences

hard shoulder n
pas awaryjny
verge to the side of a highway

hard sign n
twardy znak
Cyrillic letter "Ъ/ъ"

hard up adj
bez grosza bez grosza przy duszy goły i wesoły spłukany
lacking money

hard-boiled adj
bezduszny
callous
na twardo
of an egg

hard-liner n
twardogłowy
A person who takes a firm position on some policy

hardcore /hɑː(ɹ)dˈkɔː(ɹ)/ adj
hardcore'owy
particularly intense

hardcore /hɑː(ɹ)dˈkɔː(ɹ)/ n
hardcore
hardcore punk or techno music

harden /ˈhɑɹdn̩/ /ˈhɑːdn̩/ v
hartować zahartować
to become or make less sensitive
stwardnieć twardnieć
to become hard
utwardzać utwardzić
to make hard(er)

hardened /ˈhɑɹd(ə)nd/ /ˈhɑːdn̩d/ adj
stwardniały
unfeeling; pitiless; callous

hardhead n
podgorzałka australijska
Aythya australis

hardly /ˈhɑɹdli/ /ˈhɑːdli/ adv
ledwo
barely, only just

hardpan n
rudawiec orsztyn
layer of soil

hardship /ˈhɑɹdˌʃɪp/ /ˈhɑːdˌʃɪp/ n
trudność
difficulty or trouble

hardtack n
suchar
hard biscuit

hardware /ˈhɑɹdˌwɛɹ/ /ˈhɑːdˌwɛə/ n
artykuły metalowe
metal implements
artykuły żelazne
fixtures, equipment, tools and devices
artykuły żelazne sprzęt
equipment
hardware sprzęt komputerowy
material part of a computer
sprzęt
electronic equipment

hardware store n
sklep żelazny
merchant

hardworking adj
pilny pracowity
taking their work seriously and doing it well and rapidly

hare /hɛə/ /hɛɚ/ /hɛː/ n
zając
animal

harelike adj
zajęczy
characteristic of or like a hare

harelip n
zajęcza warga
congenital malformation of the upper lip

harem /(ˌ)hɑːˈɹiːm/ /ˈhæɹəm/ /ˈhɑːɹiːm/ /ˈhɛəɹəm/ n
harem
the private part of an Arab household
group of female animals (cows) herded and controlled by a male
group of women in a polygamous household

harem pants n
alladynki
baggy, long pants tapered at the ankle, with side flaps on the hip that button at the waist area

harira n
harira

harissa /həˈɹiːsə/ /həˈɹɪsə/ n
harissa
Armenian dish

harlequin /ˈhɑɹlɪkwɪn/ /ˈhɑːlɪkwɪn/ n
arlekin
pantomime fool

harlequinade /hɑːləkwɪˈneɪd/ n
arlekinada
comedy
arlekinada błazenada
any comical playfulness

harlot /ˈhɑɹlət/ /ˈhɑːlət/ n
jawnogrzesznica ladacznica lafirynda nierządnica
a female prostitute

harm /hɑɹm/ /hɑːm/ n
krzywda szkoda
injury; hurt; damage

harm /hɑɹm/ /hɑːm/ v
krzywdzić uszkadzać
cause damage

harmful /ˈhɑɹmfl̩/ /ˈhɑːmfl̩/ adj
szkodliwy
likely to be damaging

harmless /ˈhɑɹmləs/ /ˈhɑːmləs/ adj
nieszkodliwy
incapable of causing harm or danger

harmlessly /ˈhɑɹmləsli/ /ˈhɑːmləsli/ adv
nieszkodliwie
in a harmless manner

harmonic mean n
średnia harmoniczna
type of average

harmonic series n
szereg harmoniczny
series of reciprocals of natural numbers

harmonica /ˌhɑɹˈmɑ.nɪ.kə/ /ˌhɑɹˈmɒ.nɪ.kə/ n
harmonijka harmonijka ustna
wind instrument

harmonious /hɑɹˈmoʊniəs/ /hɑːˈməʊnɪəs/ adj
harmonijny
having components pleasingly combined

harmonium /hɑː(ɹ)ˈməʊniəm/ n
fisharmonia harmonium
musical instrument

harmonize /ˈhɑɹmənaɪz/ v
basować
to be in harmonious agreement

harmony /ˈhɑɹ.mə.ni/ /ˈhɑː.mə.ni/ n
harmonia
pleasing combination of elements, or arrangement of sounds
music: the academic study of chords
music: two or more notes played simultaneously to produce a chord
zgoda harmonia
agreement or accord

harness /ˈhɑː(ɹ).nəs/ n
uprząż
restraint or support

harness /ˈhɑː(ɹ).nəs/ v
ujarzmiać ujarzmić
to control or put to use
ujarzmiać ujarzmić zaprząc zaprzęgać
to place a harness on something

harness saddle n
siodło
part of a harness which supports the weight of poles or shafts attaching a vehicle to a horse or other animal

harp /hɑɹp/ /hɑːp/ n
harfa arfa
musical instrument

harp seal /ˈhɑɹp.siːl/ /ˈhɑːp.siːl/ n
foka grenlandzka
a species of seal

harpist /ˈhɑɹpɪst/ n
harfista harfistka
Person who plays the harp

harpoon /hɑːɹˈpuːn/ /hɑːˈpuːn/ n
harpun
spearlike weapon

harpooner n
harpunnik harpuniarz
someone who hunts with a harpoon

harpsichord /ˈhɑɹp.sɪˌkɔɹd/ /ˈhɑː(ɹ)p.sɪ.kɔː(ɹ)d/ n
klawesyn
musical instrument

harpsichordist n
klawesynista klawesynistka
one who plays the harpsichord

harpy /ˈhɑɹpi/ /ˈhɑːpi/ n
harpia
fabulous winged monster with the face of a woman
obnoxious, shrewish woman

harpy eagle n
harpia harpia wielka
Harpia harpyja

harquebus /ˈhɑɹkwɪbʌs/ /ˈhɑɹkɪbʌs/ n
arkabuz arkebuz arkebuza
obsolete matchlock firearm

harridan /ˈhæɹ.ɪ.dən/ /ˈhɛɹ.ɪ.dən/ n
jędza wiedźma
vicious and scolding woman

harrier /ˈhæɹi.ə(ɹ)/ n
błotniak
birds of prey

harrow /ˈhæɹoʊ/ /ˈhæɹəʊ/ /ˈhɛɹoʊ/ n
brona
device

harrow /ˈhæɹoʊ/ /ˈhæɹəʊ/ /ˈhɛɹoʊ/ v
bronować
drag a harrow over

harrowing /ˈhæɹəʊiŋ/ adj
udręczony
causing pain or distress

harsh /hæʃ/ /hɑɹʃ/ /hɑːʃ/ adj
bezwzględny szorstki
severe or cruel
szorstki
rough

harshly /ˈhɑːʃli/ adv
bezwzględnie
in a harsh manner; severely

harshness n
bezpardonowość bezwzględność
quality of being harsh

hart /hɑɹt/ /hɑːt/ n
jeleń
male deer

hart's tongue n
zanokcica języcznik
Asplenium scolopendrium

hartwort n
trzebucha
plant of Europe

harvest /ˈhaːvəst/ /ˈhɑɹ.vəst/ /ˈhɑɹ.vɪst/ /ˈhɑː(ɹ)vəst/ /ˈhɑː(ɹ)vɪst/ n
plon urodzaj żniwa żniwo
yield of harvesting
plon żniwo
product or result of any exertion
żniwa
season of gathering the ripened crop
żniwa zbiór
process of gathering the ripened crop

harvest /ˈhaːvəst/ /ˈhɑɹ.vəst/ /ˈhɑɹ.vɪst/ /ˈhɑː(ɹ)vəst/ /ˈhɑː(ɹ)vɪst/ v
zbierać posprzątać
to bring in a harvest; reap
żniwować
to be occupied bringing in a harvest

harvest mite n
swędzik jesienny
harvest mite

harvest mouse n
badylarka
Micromys minutus

harvestman n
kosarz
arachnid

has-been /ˈhæz.biːn/ /ˈhæz.bɪn/ n
has-been przebrzmiały
person declining in popularity or effectiveness

hash /ˈhæʃ/ n
bardach
confused mess
kratka krzyżyk płotek
the # symbol
skrót
key generated by a hash function
hasz
clipped form of hashish

hash brown n
placek ziemniaczany
fried patty

hashish /hæˈʃiːʃ/ /həˈʃiːʃ/ /ˈhæʃɪʃ/ n
haszysz
dried leaves of the Indian hemp plant

hashtag /ˈhæʃˌtæɡ/ n
hasztag hashtag
a tag with a hash sign

hasp /hæsp/ /hɑːsp/ n
skobel wrzeciądz
a clasp

hassium /ˈhæsiəm/ n
has
chemical element with atomic number 108

hassle /ˈhæsl̩/ n
kłopot problem
trouble, bother, unwanted annoyances or problems
kłótnia
fight or argument

hassle /ˈhæsl̩/ v
zadrzeć zadzierać
To pick a fight or start an argument

haste /heɪst/ n
pośpiech
speed, swiftness, dispatch

haste makes waste proverb
co nagle, to po diable gdy się człowiek spieszy, to się diabeł cieszy
being too hasty leads to wasteful mistakes

hasten /ˈheɪ.sən/ v
przesunąć na wcześniejszy termin przyspieszyć
to cause a scheduled event to happen earlier
przyspieszać popędzać przyspieszyć
to make someone/something speed up

hastily /ˈheɪstɪli/ adv
naprędce pospiesznie pośpiesznie
in a hasty manner

hasty /ˈheɪsti/ adj
pośpieszny
acting in haste; being too hurried or quick

hat /hæt/ [hat] [hɛt] n
kapelusz czapka kłobuk
a head covering

hat rack n
wieszak
furniture for storing hats and clothing on

hatch /hæt͡ʃ/ v
lęgnąć się wykluwać się wykluć się
of an egg, to break open

hatchery /ˈhæt͡ʃəɹi/ n
wylęgarnia
a facility where eggs are hatched under artificial conditions

hatchet /ˈhæt͡ʃɪt/ n
toporek
small axe

hatchling n
pisklę
a newly hatched animal

hatchway n
luk
doorway with hatch

hate /heɪt/ /hæɪ̯t/ n
hejt
negative interaction in Internet

hate /heɪt/ /hæɪ̯t/ v
nienawidzić
to dislike intensely

hate speech n
mowa nienawiści nagonka szczucie
offensive speech

hateful /ˈheɪtfəl/ adj
nienawistny
evoking hatred
full of hate

hater /ˈheɪtə(ɹ)/ /ˈheɪtɚ/ n
hejter nienawistnica nienawistnik
one who hates

hatred /ˈheɪtɹɪd/ n
nienawiść
strong aversion

hats off interjection
chapeau bas czapki z głów klękajcie narody
Congratulations

hatter /ˈhætə(ɹ)/ n
kapelusznik
person who makes, sells, or repairs hats

haughtiness n
buta
the property of being haughty

haughty /ˈhɑti/ /ˈhɔːti/ adj
wyniosły zarozumiały
disdainful, supercilious; in demeanour conveying the assumption of superiority

haul /hɑl/ /hɔl/ /hɔːl/ n
holowanie wleczenie
distance over which something is hauled or transported, especially if long

haul /hɑl/ /hɔl/ /hɔːl/ v
ciągać ciągnąć
to draw or pull something heavy
holować
to transport by drawing or pulling
transportować wlec
to carry or transport something heavy or difficult to move
wyostrzać wyostrzyć
(nautical) to steer closer to the wind

haunt /hænt/ /hɑːnt/ /hɔːnt/ v
nawiedzać nawiedzić straszyć
to inhabit, or visit frequently

haunted /ˈhɑntɪd/ /ˈhɔːntɪd/ adj
nawiedzony
frequented by a ghost

haunted house n
nawiedzony dom
house believed to be a center for supernatural occurrences

have /heɪv/ /hæf/ /hæv/ /həv/ /ə/ /əv/ v
mieć
to possess
auxiliary used in forming the perfect and the past perfect tenses

have a ball v
bardzo dobrze się bawić
to enjoy thoroughly

have a foot in both camps v
grać na dwie strony

have a go v
próbować swoich sił próbować szczęścia
(intransitive) to make an attempt; to try

have a good one v
miłegoǃ
to enjoy an event

have a head on one's shoulders v
mieć głowę na karku

have a mind of one's own v
mieć własne zdanie

have a nice day phraseologicalUnit
miłego dnia
goodbye

have a say v
wyrazić opinię wyrażać opinię
to voice one's opinion

have a screw loose v
nie mieć wszystkich w domu
to be insane, irrational, or eccentric

have a way with v
być za pan brat
be skilled

have a whale of a time v
bardzo dobrze się bawić
to enjoy oneself greatly

have blood on one's hands v
mieć krew na rękach
be responsible for a violent act

have butterflies in one's stomach v
mieć motylki w brzuchu

have eyes bigger than one's stomach v
wziąć za dużo jedzenia
take more food than one can eat

have fun interjection
baw się dobrze dobrej zabawy!
wish someone a good time

have fun v
bawić się
enjoy oneself

have had it v
mieć dość mieć potąd mieć powyżej uszu
to have endured all that one can

have had it up to here v
mieć potąd
To have reached the limit of one's patience

have it coming v
doigrać się
to deserve or merit

have it in for v
uwziąć się
to be angry at

have it in one v
potrafić umieć

have mercy v
zmiłować
show mercy or compassion

have on v
bałamucić zbałamucić
to deceive

have one foot in the grave v
być jedną nogą na tamtym świecie być jedną nogą w grobie stać nad grobem wybierać się na tamten świat

have one's cake and eat it too v
albo rybka, albo pipka albo rybki, albo akwarium zjeść ciastko i mieć ciastko
to have two things which are mutually incompatible

have one's eye on v
mieć na oku
idioms meaning "to seek, pursue"

have one's hands full v
mieć pełne ręce roboty
be busy or thoroughly preoccupied

have one's head screwed on v
mieć głowę na karku

have one's head up one's ass v
wyżej sra, niż dupę ma

have one's heart in the right place v
mieć dobre intencje
to have good intentions, to be well-intentioned

have one's tubes tied v
podwiązać jajowody podwiązywać jajowody

have one's work cut out for one v
mieć po uszy robotę

have other fish to fry v
mieć inne sprawy do załatwienia
to have more important things to do

have second thoughts v
bić się z myślami
to change one's opinion

have sex v
uprawiać seks
take part in a sexual act

have something on good authority v
wiedzieć o czymś z dobrego źródła

have the floor v
zabierać głos zabrać głos

have the foggiest v
nie mam zielonego pojęcia
"I haven't the foggiest": [[I don't know]]

have the wolf by the ear v
znajdować się w trudnej sytuacji znaleźć się w trudnej sytuacji
to be in a difficult situation

have to /ˈhæf.tu/ /ˈhæf.tə/ /ˈhæv.tuː/ v
musieć
conclusion
musieć mieć
obligation

have you eaten phraseologicalUnit
Jadliście państwo już? Jadł pan już? Jadła pani już? Jadłaś już? Jadłeś już? Jadły panie już?
have you eaten?

haven /ˈheɪvən/ n
port
harbour
przystań
refuge

haversack n
chlebak
shoulder bag

havoc /ˈhævək/ /ˈhævɪk/ n
spustoszenie
devastation

haw /hɔː/ interjection
wiśta
an instruction for a horse or other animal to turn towards the driver

hawfinch n
grubodziób
finch

hawk /hɑk/ /hɔk/ /hɔːk/ n
jastrząb
predatory bird of Accipitridae
advocate of aggressive politics
deska do zaprawy murarskiej
plasterer's tool

hawkbit n
brodawnik
flower of the genus Leontodon

hawksbeard n
pępawa
Crepis gen. et spp.

hawser n
cuma
cable

hawthorn /ˈhɔ.θɔɹn/ /ˈhɔː.θɔːn/ n
głóg
shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus

hay /heɪ/ n
siano
grass cut and dried for use as animal fodder

hay /heɪ/ v
kosić siano
to cut green plants for fodder

hay bag n
worek z sianem
bag of hay

hay fever n
katar sienny pyłkowica
allergy to pollen

hayloft n
sąsiek
upper storey of a barn

haymaking n
sianokosy
cutting and curing of grass

hayrack n
paśnik
vertical drying-rack

haystack /ˈheɪˌstæk/ n
stóg stóg siana
a mound, pile, or stack of stored hay

haywire /ˈheɪ.waɪ.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈheɪ.waɪɚ/ adj
chaotycznie w cały świat
behaving erratically or uncontrollably

hazard /ˈhaz.əd/ /ˈhæ.zɚd/ n
niebezpieczeństwo ryzyko
peril

hazard light n
światło awaryjne
one of multiple lights

haze /heɪz/ n
mgiełka mgła
very fine particles suspended in the air
otumanienie
figurative haze, such as mental confusion
mental confusion

hazel /ˈheɪzəl/ adj
piwny orzechowy
colour

hazel /ˈheɪzəl/ n
leszczyna
tree / shrub
wood

hazel grouse n
jarząbek jarząbek zwyczajny
bird

hazel-eyed adj
piwnooki
having hazel eyes

hazelnut /ˈheɪzəlnʌt/ /ˈheɪzəlˌnʌt/ n
orzech laskowy
fruit

hazzan n
chazan
Jewish cantor in a synagogue

he /hi/ /i/ /ˈhiː/ [hi] [çi] pronoun
on
personal pronoun "he"

he who digs a pit for others falls in himself proverb
kto pod kim dołki kopie, sam w nie wpada
he who digs a pit for others, falls in himself

he who laughs last laughs best /ˈhi hu ˈlæfs ˈlæst ˈlæfs ˈbɛst/ /ˈhiː huː ˈlɑːfs ˈlɑːst ˈlɑːfs ˈbɛst/ proverb
ten się śmieje, kto się śmieje ostatni
success is better after you've endured ridicule

he who smelt it dealt it proverb
kto pierwszy poczuje temu się snuje
a person calling attention to or complaining about a fart

he's unconscious phraseologicalUnit
jest nieprzytomny
he's unconscious

he-cat n
kocur
male cat

he-wolf /ˈhiːˌwʊlf/ [ˈhiːˌwʊɫf] n
basior
male wolf

head /ˈhɛd/ adj
czołowy
coming from in front

head /ˈhɛd/ n
dennica
end cap of a cylindrically-shaped pressure vessel
dyrektor dyrektorka
headmaster, headmistress
grot
sharp end of an arrow, spear, or pointer
głowa
mental aptitude or skill
mind; one's own thoughts
głowa główka
part of the body
topmost or leading part
głowa kierownik kierowniczka
leader, chief, mastermind
głowica
computing: part of a disk drive responsible for reading and writing data
element which reads or writes electromagnetic signals to or from a storage medium
główka bijak
end of hammer, axe, golf club etc.
główka głowa
blunt end of a nail, screw etc.
główka pseudancjum
clump of seeds, leaves or flowers
korona
leafy top part of a tree
laska lód
slang: oral sex
pogłowie
measure word for livestock and game
szczyt
end of a table

head /ˈhɛd/ v
brać azymut kierować się wziąć azymut
to move in a specified direction
kierować
to be in command of

head in the clouds phraseologicalUnit
z głową w chmurach
having fantastic or impractical dreams

head man n
sołtys
leader of a village

head of government n
szef rządu
chief officer of the executive branch of a government

head of household n
głowa rodziny
household role

head of state n
głowa państwa
the chief public representative of a nation

head over heels /ˌhɛd oʊ.vɚ ˈhilz/ /ˌhɛd əʊ.və ˈhiːlz/ adv
do góry nogami
tumbling upside down

head start n
fory
an advantage in starting earlier to gain a favorable position

head to toe adv
od czubka głowy do pięt od stóp do głów
entirely; completely; over one's full body

head voice n
rejestr głowowy

head-turner n
osoba lub rzecz przykuwająca uwagę
someone or something that catches the eye

headache /ˈhɛdeɪk/ n
ból głowy
pain or ache in the head
nuisance or unpleasant problem

headband /ˈhɛdˌbænd/ n
kapitałka
strip of fabric attached to the top of the spine of a book
opaska
strip of fabric worn around the head

headboard n
wezgłowie
vertical panel at the head of a bed

headbutt /ˈhɛdbʌt/ n
uderzenie głową uderzenie z Baśki
sharp blow

headbutt /ˈhɛdbʌt/ v
uderzyć głową uderzyć z Baśki
to deliver a sharp blow

headdress n
nakrycie głowy
a decorative covering or ornament worn on the head

header /ˈhɛdə/ /ˈhɛdɚ/ n
główka
brick that is laid sideways
soccer: act of hitting the ball with the head
nagłówek
upper portion of a page layout

header file n
plik nagłówkowy
file that is automatically included in another source file

headhouse n
dworzec kolejowy
portion of a passenger railway terminal not housing the tracks and platforms, comprising ticket counters, baggage facilities, etc.

headhunter n
łowca głów
recruiter

heading /ˈhɛdɪŋ/ n
nagłówek rubryka
title

headland /ˈhɛdlənd/ n
przylądek cypel
coastal land that juts into the sea

headless /ˈhɛdləs/ adj
bezgłowy
without a head

headlight n
reflektor
bright light in front of vehicle

headline /ˈhɛd.laɪn/ n
nagłówek
heading or title of an article

headlong /ˈhɛd.lɑŋ/ /ˈhɛd.lɒŋ/ /ˈhɛd.lɔŋ/ adv
na oślep
with an unrestrained forward motion

headmaster /ˈhɛdˌmæstɚ/ /ˈhɛdˌmɑːstə/ n
dyrektor
the most senior master in a school (male)

headmistress n
dyrektorka
female head teacher

headphones n
słuchawki
pair of speakers worn over or in the ears so only the wearer can hear the sound

headquarters /ˈhɛd.ˌkwɔɹ.tɚz/ /ˌhɛd.ˈkwɔː.təz/ n
centrala kwatera
center of organisation's activity
sztab
military installation

headrest n
zagłówek
part of a seat

heads or tails n
orzeł czy reszka
heads or tails

heads will roll phraseologicalUnit
polecą głowy
some people will be fired for incompetence

headscarf n
apaszka chusta chustka podwijka podwika rańtuch
piece of material worn over the head

headshot n
headshot
gunshot to the head

headword /ˈhɛdwɜːd/ /ˈhɛdwɝd/ n
hasło
word used as the title of a section

heal /hiːl/ v
leczyć uzdrawiać uzdrowić wyleczyć
make better

healer /ˈhilɚ/ /ˈhiːlə(ɹ)/ n
znachor uzdrowiciel
person who heals

healing /ˈhiːlɪŋ/ n
leczenie gojenie
process of regeneration

health /hɛlθ/ [hɛl̪θ] n
zdrowie
state of being free of physical or psychological disease, illness, or malfunction
physical condition
overall level of function of an organism

health care n
opieka zdrowotna
prevention, treatment, and management of illnesses

health club /ˈhɛlθ ˌkləb/ n
fitness club pakernia pakownia siłka siłownia
facility with exercise equipment

health insurance n
ubezpieczenie zdrowotne
insurance against incurring medical expenses among individuals

health service n
służba zdrowia
service providing health care

healthful adj
zdrowy
beneficial to health

healthily adv
zdrowo
in a healthy manner

healthy /ˈhɛl.θi/ adj
zdrowy
enjoying good health
conducive to health

heap /heːp/ /hiːp/ n
kopiec
type of data structure
sterta kupa
pile

hear /hjɜː/ /hɪə(ɹ)/ /hɪɚ/ v
słyszeć słuchać
to perceive sounds through the ear
słyszeć usłyszeć
to perceive with the ear

hear out v
wysłuchać
to listen to someone until that person has finished

hear the grass grow v
słyszeć jak trawa rośnie
which sense?

hearing /ˈhiːɹ.ɪŋ/ /ˈhɪəɹ.ɪŋ/ /ˈhɪɹ.ɪŋ/ /ˈhɪːɹ.ɪŋ/ n
przesłuchanie
legal procedure
słuch
sense

hearing aid n
aparat słuchowy
hearing assistance device

hearing-impaired adj
niedosłyszący słabosłyszący
hard of hearing

hearsay n
plotka pogłoska
information that was heard by one person about another
pogłoska
(law) evidence based on the reports of others rather than on personal knowledge

hearse /hɜːs/ /hɝs/ n
karawan
vehicle for transporting dead

heart /hɑɹt/ /hɑːt/ n
serce kier
an organ
centre or core
seat of affections, understanding or will
serce kier czerwień
a suit of cards
serce serduszko
a shape or symbol

heart attack n
zawał serca
acute myocardial infarction

heart block n
blok

heart failure n
niewydolność serca
chronic inability of the heart

heart of gold n
złote serce
kindheartedness

heart of stone n
serce z kamienia
stonehearted character

heart rate n
tętno
number of heart beats per unit of time

heart surgeon n
kardiochirurg
surgeon of the heart

heart valve n
zastawka serca
valve in the heart

heart-lung machine n
płucoserce

heart-shaped adj
sercowaty
having the supposed shape of a heart

heart-warming adj
radujący serce
eliciting tenderness and sympathy

heartbeat /ˈhɑɹtˌbit/ /ˈhɑːtˌbiːt/ [ˈhɑɹʔbiʔ] n
puls bicie serca
one pulsation of the heart

heartbreaker /hɑɹt.bɹeɪ.kɚ/ /hɑːt.bɹeɪ.kə/ n
pożeracz serc pożeraczka serc
person who causes sorrow

heartburn n
zgaga pieczenie
pain caused by stomach acid

hearth /hæθ/ /hɑɹθ/ /hɑːθ/ /hɜːɹθ/ n
ognisko domowe
home or family life
palenisko
floor of fireplace

hearth and home n
ognisko domowe ognisko rodzinne
traditional family values

heartless /ˈhɑɹt.lɪs/ /ˈhɑːt.lɪs/ adj
bez serca bezduszny bezserdeczny
without feeling

heartlessly adv
bezdusznie
in a heartless manner

heartlessness /ˈhɑɹtləsnəs/ /ˈhɑːtlɪsnəs/ n
bezduszność
characteristic of being heartless

hearts /hɑɹts/ /hɑːts/ n
kier
the card suit (♥)
kierki kier
trick-taking card game

heartthrob n
bicie serca
heartbeat

heartwood n
twardziel
wood

heat /hit/ /hiːt/ [çit] n
afekt ferwor
period of intensity, particularly of emotion
cieczka ruja
condition where a mammal is aroused sexually or where it is especially fertile
ciepło
thermal energy
ciepło gorąco żar
condition or quality of being hot
gnat klamka spluwa
slang: one or more firearms
nagonka
undesirable amount of attention
pikantność
attribute of a spice that causes a burning sensation in the mouth
psy
slang: the police
rozgrzewka
preliminary race, used to determine the participants in a final race
upał ciepło
hot spell

heat /hit/ /hiːt/ [çit] v
grzać ogrzewać ogrzać podgrzać podgrzewać
to cause an increase in temperature of an object or space
podniecać podniecić rozgrzać rozgrzewać
to arouse, to excite (sexually)

heat death n
śmierć cieplna
state of a thermodynamic system

heat death of the universe pn
śmierć cieplna Wszechświata
theoretical future state

heat exchanger n
wymiennik ciepła
device for transferring heat

heat pump n
pompa ciepła
device that transfers thermal energy

heat shield n
osłona termiczna

heat shrink n
rura termokurczliwa
plastic tube that shrinks when heated

heat stroke n
udar cieplny
severe hyperthermia

heater /ˈhitɚ/ /ˈhiːtə/ n
grzejnik ogrzewacz
device that produces and radiates heat

heath /hiːθ/ n
wrzos
shrub of the family Ericaceae
wrzosowisko
type of land

heathen /ˈhiːðən/ adj
pogański bałwański
not adhering to an Abrahamic religion

heathen /ˈhiːðən/ n
poganin poganka
person who does not follow an Abrahamic religion

heathenism n
pogaństwo
paganism

heather /ˈhiːðəɹ/ /ˈhɛðə/ /ˈhɛðɚ/ n
wrzos
plant

heathland n
wrzosowisko
heathland

heating /ˈhiːtɪŋ/ n
ogrzewanie
system

heatwave n
upał
period of very hot weather

heaven /ˈhɛvən/ n
niebo raj
paradise and upper-world
sky

heaven helps those who help themselves proverb
Bóg pomaga tym, co sami sobie pomagają
a maxim encouraging people to attempt to solve their own problems

heavenly /ˈhɛvənli/ adj
boski niebiański
pertaining to the kingdom of God; divine
niebiański
extremely beautiful or pleasurable
pertaining to heaven

heavenly body n
ciało niebieskie
natural celestial body

heavens /ˈhɛvənz/ n
niebiosa
the sky

heavenward adv
w niebo
toward heaven
toward the heavens, skyward

heavy /ˈhev.i/ /ˈhɛv.i/ adj
ciężki
having great weight
of weather:hot and humid

heavy artillery n
ciężka artyleria
(figurative) powerful means
(military) large and powerful artillery

heavy goods vehicle n
ciężarówka
a large vehicle used to transport cargo

heavy industry n
przemysł ciężki
heavy industry

heavy metal n
heavy metal
type of music

heavy water n
ciężka woda
water containing deuterium instead of normal hydrogen

heavyweight /ˈhɛ.vi.weɪt/ n
waga ciężka
weight class in boxing and other sports

hebetude /ˈhɛb.ə.tjuːd/ /ˈhɛb.ə.tuːd/ n
ogłupienie
mental lethargy or dullness

hecatomb /-tɒm/ /ˈhɛkətoʊm/ /ˈhɛkətuːm/ n
hekatomba
great public sacrifice to the gods, originally of a hundred oxen; great number of animals reserved for such a sacrifice; great public sacrifice in other religions
great number of people, animals, or things that are sacrificed or destroyed; any great sacrifice

heckle /ˈhɛkəl/ v
przedrzeźniać
question harshly in an attempt to reveal weaknesses

hectare /ˈhektaː/ /ˈhektɛː/ /ˈhɛk.tɑː/ /ˈhɛk.tɛə/ /ˈhɛk.tɛɹ/ n
hektar
unit of surface area

hectic /ˈhɛktɪk/ adj
hektyczny
very busy with activity and confusion
denoting a type of fever accompanying consumption

hecto- prefix
hekto-
hundred

hectogon n
stukąt
geometry

hectogram n
hektogram
100 grams

hectohedron n
stościan
polyhedron with hundred faces

hectolitre n
hektolitr
100 litres

hectometre n
hektometr
the length of 100 metres

hectopascal n
hektopaskal
unit of pressure

heddle n
struna nicielnicowa
part of a loom

hedge /hɛd͡ʒ/ n
żywopłot
thicket of bushes planted in a row

hedgehog /ˈhɛd͡ʒ.hɒɡ/ /ˈhɛd͡ʒ.hɔɡ/ n
jeż
animal

hedonism /ˈhiːdənɪzəm/ /ˈhɛdənɪzəm/ n
hedonizm
philosophy

hedonistic /hidəˈnɪstɪk/ /ˈhɛdənɪstɪk/ adj
hedonistyczny
devoted to pleasure

hee-haw /ˈhiː.hɔ̰̃ː/ n
hi-ho
cry

heebie-jeebies /ˈhiː.biːˌdʒiː.biːz/ n
ciarki
a general feeling of anxiety, fear, uneasiness, or nausea

heed /hiːd/ n
uwaga baczenie czujność
attention

heed /hiːd/ v
baczyć
to pay attention

heel /hiːl/ n
obcas
part of shoe
pięta
anatomy: part of the foot
rear part of a sock
piętka przylepka
end-piece of a loaf of bread

hefty /ˈhɛfti/ adj
ciężki
heavy

hegemon /ˈhɛ.d͡ʒɛ.mən/ n
hegemon
a dominating leader or force, especially that which dominates a separate political entity; a hegemonist

hegemony /hɪˈd͡ʒɛm.ə.ni/ /hɪˈɡɛm.ə.ni/ /ˈhɛd͡ʒ.ə.moʊ.ni/ n
hegemonia
domination, influence, or authority over another

heifer /ˈhɛfə(ɹ)/ /ˈhɛfɚ/ n
jałówka jałowica cielica
young cow

height /haɪt/ /heɪt/ n
wysokość
distance from bottom to top
wzrost
height of a standing person or animal

heir /ɛə/ /ɛɚ/ n
dziedzic spadkobierca spadkobierczyni dziedzicka sukcesor sukcesorka
one who inherits, or is designated to inherit, the property of another
następca następczyni
successor in a role
następca następczyni sukcesor sukcesorka
one who inherits, or has been designated to inherit, a hereditary title or office

heir apparent n
następca tronu następczyni tronu
someone who will definitely inherit

heiress n
spadkobierczyni dziedzicka sukcesorka
a woman who stands to inherit

heirless adj
bezdziedziczny
without heirs

heirloom /ˈɛə.luːm/ /ˈɛəɹ.lum/ n
dziedzictwo
valued possession passed down through the generations

heist /haɪst/ n
napad skok
a robbery or burglary

heist /haɪst/ v
rabować
to steal, rob or hold up something

helical /ˈhiː.lɪ.kəl/ /ˈhɛl.ɪ.kəl/ adj
spiralny
in the shape of a helix

helicopter /ˈheliˌkɔptə(ɹ)/ /ˈhɛl.iˌkɒp.tə(ɹ)/ /ˈhɛl.ɪˌkɒp.tə(ɹ)/ /ˈhɛlɪˌkɑptɚ/ n
helikopter śmigłowiec
aircraft

helio- prefix
helio-
related to the sun

heliocentric /ˌhiːli.əʊˈsɛntɹɪk/ /ˌhiːlioʊˈsɛntɹɪk/ adj
heliocentryczny
having the sun at the center

heliocentrism n
heliocentryzm
the theory that the sun is the center of the universe

heliometer n
heliometr
astronomical instrument for measuring the diameter of the sun

heliopause n
heliopauza
boundary

helioscope n
helioskop
apparatus for viewing the sun

heliosphere n
heliosfera
region of space

heliotherapy n
helioterapia aktynoterapia światłolecznictwo
therapy

heliotrope /-lɪ.əʊ-/ /ˈhi.li.əˌtɹoʊp/ /ˈhiː.li.ə.tɹəʊp/ /ˈhɛ-/ n
heliotrop
synonym of bloodstone
instrument that uses a mirror to reflect sunlight for purposes such as signalling or triangulation
plant with flowers which turn to face and follow the sun
heliotrop peruwiański tomiłek peruwiański
Heliotropium arborescens
heliotrop tomiłek
plant of the genus Heliotropium; any of various plants resembling those of the genus Heliotropium

helium /ˈhiː.li.əm/ n
hel
chemical element

helix /ˈhiːlɪks/ n
helisa
curve

hell /hɛl/ n
piekło
place of suffering in life

hell /hɛl/ pn
piekło
abode for the condemned

hellebore /ˈhɛlɪbɔː/ /ˈhɛlɪbɔːɹ/ n
ciemiernik
Any species of genus Helleborus

helleborine n
buławnik
orchid of the genus Cephalanthera
kruszczyk
orchid of the genus Epipactis

heller n
halerz
13th-century coin equivalent to half a pfennig
Subdivision of Czech koruna

hellfire /ˈhɛlˌfaɪə/ /ˈhɛlˌfaɪəɹ/ n
ogień piekielny
fire of hell

hellish /ˈhɛlɪʃ/ adj
piekielny
causing pain, discomfort or distress

hello /həˈloʊ/ /həˈləʉ/ /həˈləʊ/ /hɛˈloʊ/ /hɛˈləʊ/ /ˈhɛloʊ/ interjection
cześć hej witaj witajcie dzień dobry czołem
greeting
halo słucham
when answering the telephone
halo? jest tu kto?
is anyone there?

hello again interjection
witam ponownie witam znowu

helm /hɛlm/ n
ster
tiller (or, in a large ship, the wheel) which is used to control the rudder of a marine vessel; entire steering apparatus of a vessel

helmet /ˈhɛlmət/ /ˈhɛlmɪt/ n
hełm kask
protective head covering

helminth /ˈhɛl.mɪnθ/ n
helmint
parasitic roundworm or flatworm

helmsman n
sternik
person responsible for steering a ship

helot /ˈhɛlət/ n
helota
Spartan serf

help /hɛlp/ /hɛp/ interjection
pomocy ratunku
cry of distress

help /hɛlp/ /hɛp/ n
pomoc
action given to provide assistance
person employed to help in the maintenance of a house
pomoc pomocnica pomocnik
person or persons who provides assistance with some task

help /hɛlp/ /hɛp/ v
pomagać pomóc
transitive: provide assistance to (someone or something)

help desk n
obsługa klienta
a section of an organization to help customers or users

help is on the way phraseologicalUnit
pomoc jest już w drodze pomoc jest w drodze
used to inform the interlocutor that emergency assistance is approaching

help oneself v
częstować się
take something freely

help out v
pomóc
provide assistance

help wanted phraseologicalUnit
szukamy pracownika
a position of employment is open

helper /ˈhɛlpɚ/ n
pomocnik pomocnica
one who helps

helpful /ˈhɛlp.fəl/ /ˈhɛlp.fʊl/ adj
pomocny uczynny
furnishing help; giving aid; useful

helping hand n
pomocna dłoń
any assistance, help or aid

helpless /ˈhɛlplɪs/ adj
bezbronny bezradny bezsilny
unable to defend oneself

helplessly /ˈhɛlpləsli/ adv
bezbronnie bezradnie bezsilnie

helplessness n
bezradność bezbronność bezsilność
state of being helpless

helpline n
infolinia
telephone service

helpmate n
mat pomocniczy
problem in chess

hem /hɛm/ /hɪm/ n
obszycie obrębek
border of an article of clothing doubled back and stitched together

hem in v
otoczyć
to surround and enclose

hemangioma n
naczyniak krwionośny
tumor

hematite /ˈhiː.məˌtaɪt/ /ˈhɛm.əˌtaɪt/ n
hematyt
mineral

hematocrit /hɪˈmæt.ək.ɹɪt/ n
hematokryt

hematoma /ˌhiməˈtoʊmə/ n
krwiak
swelling of blood from broken vessel

hematophagy /ˌhi.məˈtɑf.ə.d͡ʒi/ /ˌhiː.məˈtɒf.ə.dʒɪ/ /ˌhiː.məˈtɒf.ə.ɡɪ/ n
hematofag
practice of feeding on blood

hematopoiesis /ˌhimətoʊ.pojˈisɪs/ n
hematopoeza hemopoeza
process by which blood cells are produced

hematuria n
hematuria krwiomocz
condition

hemi- prefix
hemi- pół-
half

hemicellulose n
hemiceluloza
mixture of polysaccharides

hemicryptophyte /hɛmɪˈkɹɪptəʊfaɪt/ n
hemikryptofit
hemicryptophyte

hemipelvectomy n
hemipelwektomia
the surgical removal of a leg and half of the pelvis

hemisphere /ˈhɛmɪsfɪə/ /ˈhɛmɪsfɪəɹ/ n
półkula
any half-sphere
half of the Earth

hemispherectomy n
hemisferektomia
surgical removal of a brain hemisphere

hemlock /ˈhɛmˌlɒk/ n
choina
tree
szczwół
poisonous plant of genus Conium

hemodialysis n
hemodializa
extracorporeal dialysis

hemodynamics /ˌhimoʊdaɪˈnæmɪks/ n
hemodynamika
circulation of blood

hemoglobin n
hemoglobina
the iron-containing substance in red blood cells that transports oxygen

hemoglobinous adj
dotyczący hemoglobiny

hemoptysis n
krwioplucie
expectoration of blood

hemorrhage /ˈhɛm(ə)ɹɪd͡ʒ/ n
krwotok krwawienie
release of blood; bleeding

hemorrhoid /ˈhɛməɹɔɪd/ /ˈhɛmɹɔɪd/ n
hemoroid
perianal varicosity

hemorrhoidal adj
hemoroidalny
of or relating to hemorrhoids

hemotherapy n
hemoterapia

hemp /hɛmp/ n
konopie
Cannabis sativa

hempseed n
siemię konopne
seed of the hemp plant

hen /hɛn/ n
kura
female chicken
hen-like woman

hen harrier n
błotniak zbożowy
bird

henbane /ˈhɛnbeɪn/ n
lulek
Hyoscyamus niger

hence /ˈhɛns/ adv
stąd
from here
więc w związku z tym przeto skutkiem tego
as a result, therefore

henchman /ˈhɛnt͡ʃ.mən/ n
poplecznik stronnik zausznik
a loyal and trusted follower or subordinate
a person who supports a political figure chiefly out of selfish interests
zbir gangster
an assistant member of a criminal gang

hendecagon n
jedenastokąt
geometry

hendecagonal adj
podobny do jedenastokątu

hendecahedron n
11-ścian
geometry

hendecasyllabic /henˌdek.ə.sɪˈlæb.ɪk/ /hɛnˌdɛk.ə.sɪˈlæb.ɪk/ adj
jedenastozgłoskowy
having eleven syllables

heneicosane n
heneikozan

henhouse n
kurnik
house for chickens to live in

henna /hɛnə/ n
henna
dye
colour
henna lawsonia
shrub

hennin n
hennin
medieval headgear

henotheism /ˈhɛnoʊˌθiɪz(ə)m/ /ˈhɛnəʊˌθiːɪz(ə)m/ n
henoteizm
belief or worship

henpecked /ˈhɛnpɛkt/ adj
pantoflarz pod pantoflem pozbadnięty
plagued or overwhelmed by one's wife

henry n
henr
SI unit for electrical inductance

hentai /ˈhɛn.taɪ/ n
hentai
a work of anime that contains sexual art (esp. manga or anime)

hentriacontane n
hentriakontan

heparin /ˈhɛp.ə.ɹɪn/ n
heparyna
a glycosaminoglycan

hepatectomy n
hepatektomia
surgical removal of the liver

hepatic /həˈpætɪk/ /hɪˈpætɪk/ adj
wątrobowy wątrobiany
relating to the liver

hepatitis /ˌhɛpəˈtaɪ̯tɪs/ n
zapalenie wątroby
liver inflammation

hepatitis A n
WZW typu A wirusowe zapalenie wątroby typu A
acute form of hepatitis

hepta- /hɛptə-/ /hɛpˈtæ-/ prefix
hepta-
seven

heptacontagon n
70[[kąt|-okąt]]
geometry

heptadecagon n
siedemnastokąt
geometry

heptadecane n
heptadekan

heptagon /ˈhɛp.tə.ɡɒn/ /ˈhɛp.tə.ɡən/ n
siedmiokąt
polygon with seven sides and seven angles

heptagram n
heptagram
seven-pointed stellate polygon

heptahedron n
siedmiościan
polyhedron with seven faces

heptalingual adj
siedmiojęzyczny
speaking seven languages
written in seven languages

heptane n
heptan
saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon: C₇H16

heptarchy /ˈhɛptɑː(ɹ)ki/ n
heptarchia
A group of seven states.

heptathlon /hɛpˈtæθlɒn/ n
siedmiobój
athletic contest

her /ə(ɹ)/ /ɚ/ /ˈhɜː(ɹ)/ /ˈhɝ/ determiner
jej
belonging to

her /ə(ɹ)/ /ɚ/ /ˈhɜː(ɹ)/ /ˈhɝ/ pronoun
jej ją niej nią
she

herald /ˈhɛɹəld/ n
herold
a harbinger giving signs of things to come
a messenger, especially one bringing important news
an official whose speciality is heraldry
szczerbówka
moth

heraldic adj
heraldyczny
relating to the profession of devising and blazoning arms

heraldry /ˈhɛɹ.əl.dɹi/ n
heraldyka
the profession of devising and blazoning arms

herb /(h)ɝb/ /h/ /hɜːb/ n
zioło
slang: marijuana
zioło ziele
plant used to flavour food
zioło zioło lecznicze
plant used in medicine

herbaceous /(h)ɝˈbeɪ.ʃəs/ /hə(ɹ)ˈbeɪ.ʃəs/ adj
zielny
botany: not woody

herbal /ˈhɜːbəl/ /ˈɝbəl/ adj
ziołowy
made from or with herbs

herbal tea n
herbata ziołowa napar
beverage made by infusion of herbs

herbalist n
zielarz
person who treats diseases by herbs

herbarium n
zielnik herbarium
collection of dried plants

herbes de Provence n
zioła prowansalskie

herbicidal adj
chwastobójczy
relating to herbicides

herbicide n
herbicyd
substance used to kill plants

herbivore /ˈ(h)ɜːɹbɪvɔːɹ/ /ˈhɜːbɪvɔː(ɹ)/ n
roślinożerca
plant-eating organism

herbivorous /hɜːɹˈbɪvəɹəs/ adj
roślinożerny
feeding only on plants

herd /hɜːd/ /hɝd/ n
stado
any collection of animals gathered or travelling in a company
a crowd, a mass of people; now usually pejorative
stado trzoda
a number of domestic animals assembled together under the watch or ownership of a keeper
pasterz
herdsman

herd immunity /ˈhəːd ɪˈmjuːnɪti/ /ˈhɚd ɪˈmjunəti/ [-ɾi] n
odporność stadna
form of indirect protection against a disease

herder /ˈhɜːdə/ /ˈhɝːdɚ/ n
pasterz pasterka pastuch pastuszka
one who herds

herding dog n
pies pasterski
herding dog

herdsman n
pastuch
a person who tends livestock, especially cows and sheep

here /hiːɹ/ /hjɜː/ /hɪə̯(ɹ)/ /hɪə̯/ /hɪɚ̯/ /hɪɹ/ /hɪː(ɹ)/ /hɪː/ /ˈhi.ə/ adv
tu tutaj
in, on, or at this place
tutaj dotąd
to this place

here /hiːɹ/ /hjɜː/ /hɪə̯(ɹ)/ /hɪə̯/ /hɪɚ̯/ /hɪɹ/ /hɪː(ɹ)/ /hɪː/ /ˈhi.ə/ n
tu tutaj
this place

here and there adv
tu i tam gdzieniegdzie miejscami tam i sam tu i ówdzie
in one place and another

here goes nothing interjection
raz kozie śmierć
indicates a lack of confidence or certainty

here lies phraseologicalUnit
tu leży tu spoczywa
epitaph

here you are phraseologicalUnit
masz proszę
said when handing something over

hereby /hɪəˈbʌɪ/ /hɪɹˈbaɪ/ adv
niniejszym
formal phrase

hereditary /həˈɹɛdɪt(ə)ɹi/ /həˈɹɛdɪˌtɛɹi/ adj
dziedziczny
of a disease or trait: passed in the genes
of a person: holding a hereditary title or rank
of a title, honor or right: granted to somebody's descendant after that person's death
which is passed on as inheritance

heredity /həˈɹɛɾəɾi/ /hɪˈɹɛdɪti/ n
dziedziczność
hereditary transmission

heresiarch /həˈɹiziɑɹk/ /hɛˈɹiːzɪɑːk/ /ˈhɛɹɪsɪˌɑːk/ n
herezjarcha
founder of a heresy

heresy /ˈhɛɹəsi/ n
herezja
a controversial opinion
herezja kacerstwo bogoburstwo
dissension from religious dogma

heretic /ˈhɛɹɪtɪk/ n
heretyk kacerz heretyczka kacerka
someone who believes contrary to fundamentals

heretical /həˈɹɛtɪkəl/ adj
bogoburczy
of or pertaining to heresy or heretics

heritage /ˈhɛɹ.ɪ.tɪd͡ʒ/ n
dziedzictwo spuścizna
tradition
spadek
property

hermaphrodite /hɝˈmæfɹədaɪt/ adj
hermafrodyczny
combining two opposing qualities
having both male and female gonads

hermaphrodite /hɝˈmæfɹədaɪt/ n
hermafrodyta
person or thing possessing two opposing qualities
hermafrodyta obojnak
individual or organism having both male and female gonads

hermaphroditic adj
hermafrodytyczny
of or pertaining to hermaphrodism

hermaphroditically adv
hermafrodytycznie obupłciowo
in a hermaphroditic manner

hermeneutical /hɝməˈn(j)uːtɪkəl/ adj
hermeneutyczny
concerning hermeneutics

hermeneutics /hɜːɹməˈnjuːtɪks/ n
hermeneutyka
art and science of text interpretation

hermetic /hə(ɹ)ˈmɛtɪk/ adj
hermetyczny
hermetically sealed
pertaining to Hermes Trismegistus
hermetyczny zamknięty
isolated

hermetically adv
hermetycznie
hermetically

hermit /ˈhɜːmɪt/ /ˈhɝmɪt/ n
pustelnik anachoreta eremita pustelnica pustelniczka
religious recluse; eremite
pustelnik odludek pustelnica pustelniczka samotnica samotniczka
recluse; someone who lives alone

hermit crab n
krab pustelnik pustelnik rak pustelnik
crustacean

hermit thrush n
drozdek samotny
Catharus guttatus

hermitage /ˈhɜːmɪtɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈhɝmɪtɪd͡ʒ/ n
erem eremitorium pustelnia ermitaż
dwelling place of hermit
ermitaż samotnia ustronie
place of seclusion
odosobnienie
period of seclusion

hermiticity n
hermitowskość

hernia /ˈhɜː(ɹ)niə/ n
przepuklina
part of the body protruding abnormally through a tear or opening in an adjacent part

herniated adj
przepuklinowy
having a hernia

hero /ˈhiɹ.oʊ/ /ˈhɛɹ.oʊ/ /ˈhɪə.ɹəʊ/ /ˈhɪɹ.oʊ/ [ˈhɪə.ɹəʊ~ˈçɪə.ɹəʊ] n
bohater
protagonist
role model
bohater heros bohaterka
person of great bravery

heroic /hɪˈɹoʊ.ɪk/ /hɪˈɹəʊ.ɪk/ adj
bohaterski heroiczny
of or relating to heroism
of or relating to a hero or heroine

heroically adv
bohatersko
in a heroic manner

heroicomical adj
heroikomiczny

heroin /ˈhɛɹoʊ.ɪn/ n
heroina
powerful and addictive drug

heroine /ˈhɛɹoʊɪn/ /ˈhɪɹoʊɪn/ n
bohaterka
female hero

heroism /ˈhiɹoʊɪzəm/ /ˈhɛɹoʊɪzəm/ /ˈhɛɹəʊɪzəm/ n
bohaterstwo heroizm bohaterskość
the qualities characteristic of a hero, the display of them

heron /ˈhɛɹən/ n
czapla
bird

herpes /ˈhɚ.piz/ /ˈhɜː(ɹ).piz/ n
opryszczka
viral disease

herpetological adj
herpetologiczny
of or relating to herpetology, the study of reptiles

herpetologist n
herpetolog
one who studies reptiles, a reptile specialist

herring /ˈhɛɹɪŋ/ n
śledź
fish in Clupea

herring gull n
mewa srebrzysta
large seagull

herringbone /ˈhɛɹɪŋˌboʊn/ n
jodełka
pattern

hers /əz/ /ɚz/ /ˈhɜːz/ /ˈhɝz/ pronoun
jej
that which belongs to her

hertz /hɜːs/ /hɜːts/ /hɝts/ n
herc
the derived unit of frequency

hesitate /ˈhez.ə.tæɪt/ /ˈhɛz.ə.teɪt/ /ˈhɛz.ɪ.teɪt/ v
jąkać się
to stammer; to falter in speaking
wahać się wahać
to stop or pause respecting decision or action

hesitation /hɛzɪˈteɪʃən/ n
niezdecydowanie wahanie
act of hesitating

hetaera /hɪˈtaɪɹə/ /hɪˈtɪəɹə/ n
hetera
hired female companion

hetero- prefix
hetero-
other

heterodoxy /ˈhɛtɛɹədɒksi/ n
heterodoksja
a heterodox belief, creed, or teaching

heterogamete n
anizogameta heterogameta

heterogeneity n
niejednorodność
composition of diverse parts

heterogeneous /ˌhɛt.(ə)ˈɹɑd͡ʒ.ə.nəs/ /ˌhɛt.(ə)ˈɹɒd͡ʒ.ə.nəs/ /ˌhɛt.(ə.)ɹoʊˈd͡ʒiː.ni.əs/ /ˌhɛt.(ə.)ɹəʊˈd͡ʒiː.nɪəs/ /ˌhɛt.(ə.)ɹəˈd͡ʒiː.ni.əs/ /ˌhɛt.(ə.)ɹəˈd͡ʒiː.nɪəs/ adj
heterogeniczny niejednorodny
diverse in kind

heteronormalization n
czynienie heteronomicznym

heteronormalize /ˌhɛtəɹəʊˈnɔːməlaɪz/ v
czynić heteronomicznym

heteronym /ˈhɛt.ə.ɹoʊ.nɪm/ /ˈhɛt.ə.ɹə.nɪm/ /ˈhɛt.əɹ.ə(ʊ).nɪm/ n
heteronim
fictitious character writing in a different style

heterophobia n
heterofobia
fear or resentment of heterosexuals or heterosexuality

heterosexism n
heteroseksizm
Discrimination in favor of heterosexuals

heterosexual /ˌhɛtəɹoʊˈsɛkʃuəl/ /ˌhɛtəɹəˈsɛkʃuəl/ /ˌhɛtɹəˈsɛkʃuəl/ adj
heteroseksualny
sexually attracted to members of the opposite sex

heterosexual /ˌhɛtəɹoʊˈsɛkʃuəl/ /ˌhɛtəɹəˈsɛkʃuəl/ /ˌhɛtɹəˈsɛkʃuəl/ n
hetero
a heterosexual organism

heterosexuality n
heteroseksualizm
heterosexual orientation

heterosexually adj
heteroseksualnie
in a heterosexual way

heterotrophic adj
cudzożywny
being a heterotroph

hetman n
hetman
a historical military commander in various Eastern European countries

hetmanate n
hetmanat hetmańszczyzna
government by a hetman

heuristic /hjuˈɹɪstɪk/ /hjʊˈɹɪstɪk/ adj
heurystyczny heurystyka
relating to general strategies or methods for solving problems

heuristic /hjuˈɹɪstɪk/ /hjʊˈɹɪstɪk/ n
heurystyka
heuristic method, heuristics

heuristics /hjuˈɹɪstɪks/ n
heurystyka

hew /hjuː/ v
rąbać siec
to chop away at; to whittle down; to mow down

hex /hɛks/ n
klątwa przekleństwo urok
an evil spell or curse
wiedźma
a witch

hexa- prefix
heks- heksa-
prefix for 6

hexacontagon n
60[[kąt|-okąt]]

hexacontane n
heksakontan

hexadecagon n
szesnastokąt
geometry

hexadecahedron n
16[[ściana|-ościan]]
geometry

hexadecane n
heksadekan
isomeric aliphatic hydrocarbon

hexadecimal /ˌhɛksəˈdɛsɪməl/ adj
szesnastkowy
expressed in hexadecimal

hexadecimal /ˌhɛksəˈdɛsɪməl/ n
system szesnastkowy
number system with base sixteen

hexagon /ˈhɛk.sə.ɡɑn/ /ˈhɛk.sə.ɡən/ n
sześciokąt
A polygon with six sides and six angles

hexagonal /hɛkˈsæɡənəl/ adj
sześciokątny
geometry: having six edges, or having a cross-section in the form of a hexagon

hexagram /ˈhɛksəɡɹæm/ n
heksagram
star shape

hexahedron /hɛksəˈhiːdɹən/ n
sześciościan
polyhedron with six faces

hexalingual /ˌhɛk.sə.ˈlɪŋ.ɡju.əl/ /ˌhɛk.sə.ˈlɪŋ.ɡwəl/ adj
sześciojęzyczny
speaking six languages
written in six languages

hexameter n
heksametr
line in a poem
poetic metre

hexane /ˈhɛkseɪn/ n
heksan
aliphatic hydrocarbon: C₆H14

hexapod /ˈhɛk.sə.pɑd/ /ˈhɛk.sə.pɒd/ n
sześcionóg
arthropod with six feet
organism or being with six legs

hexecontahedron /ˌhɛksəˌkɒntəˈhiːdɹən/ n
60-ościan
60-faced polyhedron

hexoctahedron n
czterdziestoośmiościan

hey /heɪ/ interjection
e ej hej
exclamation to get attention
ej ejże hola
protest or reprimand
hej
informal greeting
o ojej
expression of surprise

hi /ˈhaɪ̯/ interjection
cześć hej
friendly, informal greeting

hiatus /haɪˈeɪtəs/ n
przerwa
interruption, break or pause

hibernal adj
zimowy
of or pertaining to winter

hibernate /ˈhaɪbə(r)ˌneɪt/ /ˈhaɪbərˌneɪt/ /ˈhʌɪbərˌneɪt/ [ˈhäɪbɚˌneɪt] [ˈhɑɪbəˌnɛɪt] [ˈhəɪbɚˌne(ɪ)t] v
hibernować
spend winter time in a dormant or inactive state

hibernation /ˌhaɪ.bəɹˈneɪ.ʃən/ /ˌhaɪ.bəːˈneɪ.ʃən/ [ˌhaɪ.bəːˈneɪ.ʃn̩] [ˌhaɪ.bɚˈneɪ.ʃn̩] n
hibernacja
(biology, space) hypothetical state of minimum power consumption, inactivity and metabolic depression in humans
(computing) standby state which conserves power
sen zimowy hibernacja
(biology) state of minimum power consumption, inactivity and metabolic depression during winter

hibiscus /haɪˈbɪskəs/ /hɪˈbɪskəs/ n
hibiskus ketmia
flower

hic et nunc adv
tu i teraz

hiccup /ˈhɪkəp/ /ˈhɪkʌp/ n
czkawka
spasm of the diaphragm
minor setback

hiccup /ˈhɪkəp/ /ˈhɪkʌp/ v
czkać czknąć
to hiccup

hick /hɪk/ n
prostak
country yokel or hillbilly

hickey /ˈhɪk.i/ n
malinka
bruise-like mark

hidden /ˈhɪd(ə)n/ /ˈhɪdn/ adj
ukryty
out of sight; not visually apparent
that has been hidden
obscure

hide /haɪd/ n
skóra
skin of an animal

hide /haɪd/ v
schować chować skrywać skryć
(intransitive) put oneself in a place where one will be harder to find
ukryć schować ukrywać skrywać chować skryć
(transitive) put in a place where it will be harder to discover

hide and seek n
zabawa w chowanego chowaniec chowanka chowany
game

hide one's light under a bushel /ˌhaɪd wʌnz ˈlaɪt ˌʌndɚ‿ə ˈbʊʃ(ə)l/ /ˌhaɪd wʌnz ˈlaɪt ˌʌndɚ‿ə ˈbʊʃl̩/ v
chować pod korcem schować pod korcem trzymać pod korcem
to conceal one’s positive qualities or talents

hideaway /ˈhaɪdəˌweɪ/ n
ermitaż pustelnia samotnia ustronie

hideous /ˈhɪd.i.əs/ /ˈhɪd.iː.ʌs/ adj
obrzydliwy ohydny
extremely ugly

hideout /ˈhaɪdˌaʊt/ n
kryjówka skrytka ukrycie
A place to hide

hiding place /ˈhaɪdɪŋpleɪs/ n
schowek kryjówka
a place where something or someone may be hidden

hierarchical /ˌhaɪəˈɹɑːkɪkəl/ /ˌhaɪˈɹɑːɹkɪkəl/ adj
hierarchiczny
Classified or arranged into successive ranks or grades
Pertaining to a hierarchy

hierarchically /ˈhaɪə(ɹ)ˌæk.ɪkli/ /ˈhaɪə(ɹ)ˌɑː(ɹ)k.ɪk.æli/ /ˈhaɪə(ɹ)ˌɑː(ɹ)k.ɪkli/ adv
hierarchicznie
of or relating to a hierarchy

hierarchization n
hierarchizacja

hierarchy /ˈhaɪ.ə.ɹɑː(ɹ).ki/ /ˈhaɪ.ɹɑː(ɹ).ki/ n
hierarchia
body of authoritative officials organised by rank
class of objects

hiero- prefix
hiero-

hieroglyph /ˈhaɪ.ɹəʊˌɡlɪf/ /ˈhaɪ.ɹəˌɡlɪf/ /ˈhaɪɚ.oʊˌɡlɪf/ /ˈhaɪɚ.əˌɡlɪf/ n
hieroglif
element of hieroglyphic writing system

hierophany /ˌhaɪ.əˈɹɒ.fə.ni/ /ˌhaɪˈɹɒ.fə.ni/ n
hierofania
physical manifestation of the sacred

higgledy-piggledy /ˈhɪɡəldiˌpɪɡəldi/ adj
bezładny
in disorder

high /ˈhaɪ/ [haɪ̯] adj
naćpany
slang: stoned
wysoki
elevated; tall
of great or large quantity
acoustics: of greater frequency

high /ˈhaɪ/ [haɪ̯] adv
wysoko
at a pitch of great frequency
in or at an elevated position

high culture n
kultura wyższa
high culture

high five /haɪ faɪv/ n
piątka
gesture

high five /haɪ faɪv/ v
przybijać piątkę przybić piątkę
to slap high five

high frequency n
wysoka częstotliwość
frequency area from 3 MHz through 30 MHz

high heels n
szpilki
pair of shoes

high hopes n
różowe kolory

high island n
wyspa wulkaniczna

high jinks /ˈhaɪ d͡ʒɪŋks/ /ˈhaɪ ˌd͡ʒɪŋks/ n
błazenada błazeństwo błaznota
tricky or waggish behaviour
głupawka
boisterous activity or behaviour, especially in sport

high jump n
skok wzwyż
athletics event

high jumper n
skoczek wzwyż skoczkini wzwyż
athlete

high priest n
arcykapłan
high clergyman
office in Mormonism

high priestess n
arcykapłanka
high priestess

high relief n
wypukłorzeźba
sculpture in which forms extend from the background by at least half of their depth

high school /ˈhaɪ.skul/ /ˈhʌɪskul/ [ˈhɐɪsku̟ɫ] n
szkoła średnia

high seas n
głębokie morze
regions of ocean far from shore

high society n
wysokie sfery
the socially interacting wealthy fashionable elite of a society

high street n
główna ulica
the main street of any town

high tide n
przypływ
the natural tide at its highest level
climax, culminating point or phase

high time n
najwyższy czas najwyższa pora

high treason n
zdrada stanu
Criminal disloyalty to one's country

high voltage adj
wysokonapięciowy
pertaining to high voltage

high-beam n
długie światło
automobile's headlights adjusted to brighten a longer distance

high-calorie adj
wysokokaloryczny
of a diet
of food or drink

high-flying adj
ambitny zawrotny
extravagant in conduct or opinion

high-pitched /ˈhaɪˌpɪt͡ʃt/ /ˌhaɪˈpɪt͡ʃt/ adj
ostry przenikliwy przeraźliwy wysoki
having a high pitch

high-quality adj
wysokojakościowy
of very good quality

high-ranking adj
wysokiej rangi wysoko postawiony
at an important, elevated, or exalted level in a hierarchy or organization; high-level

high-rise n
wysokościowiec
A tall building

high-speed adj
szybkobieżny
operates at greater than normal speed

high-speed rail n
kolej dużych prędkości
type of rail transport

highchair n
krzesełko do karmienia (dzieci) wysokie krzesełko dla dziecka
elevated chair used for feeding babies

higher education n
wyższe wykształcenie
education at university level or beyond

highland /ˈhaɪ.lənd/ /ˈhaɪ.lɪnd/ n
wyżyna
elevated land

highlander /ˈhaɪləndə/ /ˈhaɪləndəɹ/ n
góral góralka
inhabitant of highlands

highlight /ˈhaɪ.ˌlaɪt/ n
balejaż
hair dyed a different color

highlighter n
rozświetlacz
cosmetic product
zakreślacz
pen for highlighting

highly /ˈhaɪli/ adv
wysoko
extremely, greatly, awfully
in a high or esteemed manner

highpriesthood n
arcykapłaństwo
The office or dignity of a highpriest.

highpriestly adj
arcykapłański

hight /haɪt/ v
nazywać zwać

highway /ˈhaɪweɪ/ n
autostrada szosa
main public road

highway robbery n
rozbój na prostej drodze rozbój na równej drodze
The act of robbing on a public road

hijab /hɪˈd͡ʒæb/ /hɪˈd͡ʒɑːb/ n
hidżab
headscarf
practice of wearing a headscarf

hijacker /ˈhaɪˌd͡ʒækəɹ/ n
porywacz
someone who hijacks

hike /haɪk/ n
piesza wycieczka wędrówka
a long walk

hike /haɪk/ v
wędrować
to take a long walk for pleasure or exercise

hiker /ˈhaɪkɚ/ n
wędrowiec
one who hikes, especially frequently

hikikomori n
hikikomori
phenomenon

hiking boot n
traper

hilarious /hɪˈlæɹiəs/ /hɪˈlɛ(ə)ɹiəs/ /hɪˈlɛəɹiəs/ adj
arcyzabawny arcyśmieszny przezabawny prześmieszny
very funny; causing great merriment and laughter

hilariously adv
arcyzabawnie arcyśmiesznie przezabawnie prześmiesznie
in a hilarious manner

hilarity /hɪˈlæɹɪ.ti/ n
głupawka
something inducing laughter

hill /hɪl/ [hɪɫ] n
pagórek wzgórze górka kopiec
elevated location
wzniesienie
sloping road

hill start n
uruchamiać pod górę uruchomić pod górę

hillbilly /ˈhɪlbɪli/ n
wieśniak
someone who is from the hills

hillock /ˈhɪl.ək/ n
pagórek
small hill

hilly /ˈhɪli/ adj
pagórkowaty
abounding in hills

hilt /hɪlt/ n
rękojeść
grip of a sword

hilum /ˈhaɪ.ləm/ n
wnęka
(anatomy) porta of an organ

him /əm/ /ˈhɪm/ [ɪ̈m] pronoun
go jego
accusative / direct object
jemu mu
dative / indirect object
niego niemu nim
objective after preposition

hind /haɪnd/ adj
tylny zadni
located at the rear

hind /haɪnd/ n
łania
female deer

hind limb n
kończyna dolna
posterior limb

hindbrain n
tyłomózgowie
hindbrain

hinder /ˈhaɪn.də/ /ˈhaɪn.dɚ/ adj
tylny
of or belonging to that part in the rear

hinder /ˈhaɪn.də/ /ˈhaɪn.dɚ/ n
sempiterna
slang: buttocks

hinder /ˈhɪndə/ /ˈhɪndɚ/ v
opóźniać wstrzymywać
to keep back; to delay or impede
powstrzymywać przeszkadzać powstrzymać przeszkodzić utrudniać utrudnić
to make difficult to accomplish

hindrance /ˈhɪndɹəns/ n
przeszkoda
something which hinders

hindsight is 20/20 proverb
mądry Polak po szkodzie
in hindsight things are obvious that were not obvious from the outset

hinge /ˈhɪnd͡ʒ/ n
zawias
device for the pivoting of a door

hinny /ˈhɪ.ni/ n
osłomuł
hybrid offspring of a male horse and a female donkey

hint /hɪnt/ n
odrobina
tiny amount
podpowiedź
clue

hint /hɪnt/ v
bąkać bąknąć
express suggestively

hip /hɪp/ n
biodro
joint
dzika róża owoc
the fruit of a rose

hip flask n
piersiówka bakłaszka
pocket-size container for alcoholic beverages

hip hip hooray interjection
hip, hip, hurra
an exclamation of congratulations

hip-hop /ˈhɪp.hɑːp/ /ˈhɪp.hɒp/ n
hip-hop
urban youth culture

hip-huggers n
biodrówki

hippic /ˈhɪpɪk/ adj
hippiczny
relating to horses or horse-riding

hippie /ˈhɪpi/ n
hipis hipiska
1960s nonconformist

hippocras /ˈhɪpəʊkɹas/ n
hipokras
cordial made from a spiced wine mixed with sugar and spices

hippodrome /ˈhɪpəˌdɹəʊm/ n
hipodrom
horse racing course

hippogriff /ˈhɪpəɡɹɪf/ n
hipogryf
creature

hippopotamus /hɪ.po.poˈta.mʊs/ /hɪ.poˈpo.ta.mʊs/ /ˌhɪ.pə.ˈpɒ.tə.məs/ n
hipopotam
large African mammal

hippopotomonstrosesquipedaliophobia /ˌhɪ.pəˌpɒ.tə(ʊ)ˈmɒn.stɹə(ʊ)ˌsɛs.kwɪ.pɪˌdɑːl.ɪ.ə(ʊ)ˈfəʊ.bɪ.ə/ n
hipopotomonstroseskwipedaliofobia
the fear of long words

hippy /ˈhɪpi/ adj
biodrzasty biodrzysty

hipster /ˈhɪp.stə/ /ˈhɪp.stɚ/ n
hipster
person interested in the latest trends

hiragana /ˌhɪ.ɹəˈɡæ.nə/ /ˌhɪ.ɹəˈɡɑː.nə/ n
hiragana
Japanese syllabary

hircine /ˈhɜːsaɪn/ /ˈhɝsaɪn/ /ˈhɝsɪn/ adj
kozi
of, pertaining to, or characteristic of goats

hire /haɪə/ /haɪɹ/ /ˈhaɪə/ /ˈhaɪɚ/ v
angażować się zaangażować się
to accept employment
angażować najmować zaangażować zatrudniać
to employ

hire purchase n
płatność na raty
method of purchasing an item

his /əz/ /ɪ̈z/ /ˈhɘz/ /ˈhɪz/ determiner
jego swój
attributive: belonging to him

hiss /hɪs/ n
syczenie
sound made by a snake, cat, escaping steam, etc.

hiss /hɪs/ v
syczeć
to make a hissing sound

histamine /ˈhɪstəmiːn/ n
histamina
an amine

histidine n
histydyna
essential amino acid; C₆H₉N₃O₂

histo- prefix
histo-

histogram /ˈhɪstəˌɡɹæm/ n
histogram
graphical display

histology /hɪsˈtɒləd͡ʒi/ n
histologia
study of microscopic structure

histopathology n
histopatologia
study of tissue

historian /hɪˈstɑɹi.ən/ /hɪˈstɔəɹɪən/ /hɪˈstɔɹi.ən/ /hɪˈstɔːɹɪən/ n
historyk historyczka
person who studies history
writer of history

historic /(h)ɪˈstɑɹɪk/ /(h)ɪˈstɒɹɪk/ /(h)ɪˈstɔɹɪk/ adj
historyczny
having significance in history

historical /hɪˈstɑɹɪkəl/ /hɪˈstɒɹɪkəl/ /hɪˈstɔɹɪkəl/ adj
historyczny
pertaining to history

historical linguistics n
językoznawstwo historyczne językoznawstwo diachroniczne
the scientific study of language change

historical materialism n
materializm historyczny

historically adv
historycznie
in a historic manner

historiography /hɪˌstɔɹiˈɑɡɹəfi/ n
historiografia
study of the discipline and practice of history
writing of history

history /ˈhɪs.t(ə.)ɹi/ /ˈhɪs.tɹɪ/ n
historia
record or narrative description of past events
computing: record of previous user events
historia choroby
medicine: list of past and continuing medical conditions
historia dzieje
aggregate of past events
branch of knowledge that studies the past

history of ideas n
historia pomysłów
history of ideas

history repeats itself proverb
historia lubi się powtarzać historia zatacza koło
Translations

histrionic /hɪstɹiˈɑnɪk/ /hɪstɹiːˈɒnɪk/ adj
afektacyjny
excessively dramatic or emotional

histrionically adv
afektacyjnie

histrionics /hɪstɹiˈɑnɪks/ /hɪstɹiˈɒnɪks/ n
afektacja egzaltacja
exaggerated, overemotional behaviour

hit /hɪt/ n
hit przebój szlagier
success, especially in the entertainment industry
morderstwo zabójstwo zamach
murder for criminal or political purposes
trafienie
collision of a projectile with the target
uderzenie
blow, punch

hit /hɪt/ v
stukać stuknąć uderzać uderzyć
to come into contact with forcefully and suddenly
trafiać trafić
to manage to touch in the right place
uderzać uderzyć
to administer a blow

hit and run n
ucieczka z miejsca wypadku
the crime of causing an accident and leaving
wojna podjazdowa wojna szarpana соколиный удар
military technique

hit it off v
zaprzyjaźniać się zaprzyjaźnić się
develop an amicable relationship

hit on v
podrywać
to approach somebody seeking love, sex, etc.

hit someone for six v
szokować zaszokować
affect in a devastating way (by unexpected news)

hit the bottle v
zaglądać do butelki zaglądać do kieliszka
to drink alcohol steadily and in excess

hit the ground running v
ruszyć z kopyta
begin an activity immediately and with full commitment

hit the hay v
uderzyć w kimono
to go to bed

hit the headlines v
trafiać na pierwsze strony gazet trafić na pierwsze strony gazet

hit the jackpot v
strzelać w dziesiątkę strzelić w dziesiątkę trafiać w dziesiątkę trafić w dziesiątkę
to receive a favorable outcome, by luck

hit the nail on the head v
trafić w sedno
identify something exactly

hit the spot v
trafić w dziesiątkę
be particularly pleasing or appropriate

hitchhike /ˈhɪt͡ʃhaɪk/ v
łapać okazję
to try to get a ride in a passing vehicle while standing at the side of a road

hitchhiker n
autostopowicz autostopowiczka
a person who hitchhikes

hither /ˈhɪðə/ /ˈhɪðɚ/ adv
tutaj dotąd
to here

hither and thither /-ˈθɪðə/ /-ˈθɪðɚ/ /ˌhɪðəɹ‿n̩ ˈðɪðə/ /ˌhɪðɚ‿n̩ ˈðɪðɚ/ adv
tu i tam w tę i we w tę wte i wewte
in a disorderly manner

hitherto /ˈhɪðəˌtuː/ /ˈhɪðɚˌtu/ /ˌhɪðəˈtuː/ /ˌhɪðɚˈtu/ [ˈhɪðəˌtʰuː] [ˈhɪðɚˌtʰu] [ˌhɪðəˈtʰuː] [ˌhɪðɚˈtʰu] adv
dotychczas dotąd
up to this time

hitman /ˈhɪtmæːn/ /ˈhɪtmən/ n
cyngiel płatny zabójca
contract killer

hive /haɪv/ n
rój
bees of one hive

hive off v
odłączyć
separate from a larger group

hmm /hm̩/ [m̥m̩˦˨] interjection
hmm
indicating thinking or pondering

ho, ho, ho interjection
ho, ho, ho
a laugh or chuckle, most associated with Santa Claus

hoar frost /ˈhoɹ ˌfɹɑst/ /ˈhɔː fɹɒst/ n
szron
any frozen dew forming a white deposit on exposed surfaces; water vapour which has undergone deposition or desublimation (“transformation directly into ice crystals without first turning into liquid water”) to form a white deposit on exposed surfaces

hoard /ho(ː)ɹd/ /hoəd/ /hɔɹd/ /hɔːd/ v
gromadzić
to amass

hoarse /hoəs/ /hoɹs/ /hoː(ə)ɹs/ /hoːɹs/ /hɔːs/ [ho̞ɹs] adj
ochrypły
afflicted by a dry, quite harsh voice

hoarsely adv
ochryple

hoarsen v
ochrypnąć zachrypnąć
To make or become hoarse

hoarseness n
chrypa chrypka
having dry harsh voice

hoatzin /ˈwætsiːn/ /ˈwætsɪn/ /ˈwɑːtsiːn/ /ˈwɑːtsɪn/ n
hoacyn kośnik czubaty
bird, Opisthocomus hoazin

hoax /hoʊks/ /həʊks/ n
mistyfikacja szalbierstwo
anything deliberately intended to deceive or trick

hoax /hoʊks/ /həʊks/ v
oszukać oszukiwać przekręcać przekręcić
to deceive with a hoax

hob /hɑb/ /hɒb/ n
blacha
cooking surface

hobbit /ˈhɒbɪt/ [-ɪʔ] n
hobbit hobbitka
fictional small humanoid creature

hobble /ˈhɒbəl/ n
kulenie kuśtykanie
An unsteady, off-balance step
pęta
Short straps tied between the legs of unfenced horses

hobble /ˈhɒbəl/ v
kuleć kuśtykać pokuśtykać przykuśtykać
To walk unevenly
pętać spętać
To restrict a horse with hobbles

hobbledehoy /ˈhɒbəldihɔɪ/ n
młokos wyrostek
an awkward adolescent youth

hobby /ˈhɑ.bi/ /ˈhɒ.bi/ n
hobby konik
activity done for enjoyment in spare time
kobuz
Falco subbuteo

hobby horse n
konik
topic about which someone loves to talk

hobbyist /ˈhɑb.i.ɪst/ /ˈhɒb.ɪ.ɪst/ n
amator amatorka
person interested in an activity or subject as a hobby

hobbylike adj
podobny do hobby

hobo /ˈhoʊ.boʊ/ /ˈhəʉ.bəʉ/ /ˈhəʊ.bəʊ/ n
kloszard bezdomny
homeless person
robotnik sezonowy
migratory worker
tramp wagabunda włóczęga
tramp, vagabond; bum

hock /hɑk/ /hɒk/ n
golonka
meat from that part of a food animal
staw skokowy
tarsal jount of a digitigrade quadruped

hockey /ˈhɑki/ /ˈhɒki/ n
hokej
the sport

hockey puck n
krążek
puck used in hockey

hockey stick n
kij hokejowy
instrument used in field hockey
kij kij hokejowy
instrument used in ice hockey

hocus-pocus /-kɪs/ /ˌhoʊkəs ˈpoʊkəs/ /ˌhəʊkəs ˈpəʊkəs/ interjection
hokus-pokus
phrase used as a magical incantation

hodja n
chodża hodża
a Muslim schoolmaster

hoe /hoʉ/ /hoʊ/ /həʊ/ n
motyka
agricultural tool

hog /hɑɡ/ /hɒɡ/ /hɔɡ/ n
świnia wieprz
animal of the family Suidae

hogan /ˈhoʊ.ɡən/ n
hogan
house

hoglet n
jeżątko
a baby hedgehog

hogshead /ˈhɑɡzˌhɛd/ /ˈhɒɡzˌhɛd/ /ˈhɔɡz-/ n
okseft
large barrel or cask
measure of capacity for liquids

hogweed n
barszcz
umbelliferous plant, Heracleum

hoi polloi /ˌhɔɪ pəˈlɔɪ/ n
plebs hołota
the common people

hoist /hɔɪst/ v
podnieść podnosić wciągać wciągnąć
transitive: to raise; to lift; to elevate

hoist by one's own petard /hˈɔ͡ɪst bˈa͡ɪ wˈɒnz ˈə͡ʊn pɛˈtɑːd/ /hˈɔ͡ɪst bˈa͡ɪ wˈʌnz ˈo͡ʊn pɛˈɾɑː͡ɹd/ adj
wpadać we własny sidła wpaść we własny sidła
be hurt by one's own plot

hoity-toity /ˈhɔɪtiˈtɔɪti/ adj
ą-ę
affected or pretentious, sometimes with the implication of displaying an air of excessive fanciness or ostentation

hold /hoʊld/ /həʊld/ [hoəɫd] [həʊɫd] n
ładownia
cargo area

hold /hoʊld/ /həʊld/ [hoəɫd] [həʊɫd] v
trzymać
to grasp
to organise an event or meeting

hold a candle v
dorastać do pięt umywać się do
be even remotely of the same quality

hold court v
brylować
To serve as the principal discussant or center of attention in an informal gathering of friends, associates, etc.
królować
To preside in a formal manner over an official assembly of courtiers

hold dear v
cenić doceniać docenić

hold my beer /hoʊld maɪ bɪɹ/ /həʊld maɪ bɪə/ phraseologicalUnit
potrzymaj mi piwo
I am about to do something crazy

hold off v
odczekać odczekiwać odraczać odroczyć
to delay someone or something

hold on v
czekać
wait a minute

hold one's breath v
wstrzymać oddech wstrzymywać oddech
to hold one's breath

hold one's head high v
chodzić z podniesionym czołem
act with pride

hold one's horses v
[[czekać|(czekaj)]] chwilę czekać
idiomatic: to be patient

hold one's liquor v
mieć mocną głowę
to have a considerable tolerance to alcohol

hold one's own v
poradzić sobie radzić sobie
demonstrate oneself to be capable

hold one's tongue v
trzymać język za zębami
refrain from talking about something

hold sway v
wodzić rej
to have the greatest influence (over someone or something)

hold the cards v
mieć przewagę
To be in a strong position

hold the purse strings v
trzymać rękę na kasie
to be in control of expenditure

hold to account v
rozliczać rozliczyć
require a person to explain or to accept responsibility

hold up v
opóźnić wstrzymać
to wait or delay

hold up one's end v
dotrzymać obietnicy dotrzymywać obietnicy
to fulfill one's promise or obligation

hold-up n
poślizg
a delay or wait

holder /ˈhoʊɫdɚ/ /ˈhəʊldə/ n
dysponent dysponentka szafarka szafarz
a person who possesses something

holding cell n
areszt

holding company n
holding
company whose main purpose is to own shares of other companies

hole /hoʊl/ /hɐʉl/ /həʊl/ [hoɫ] [hɔʊɫ] n
dołek dziura
portion of a game of golf
dołek karcer
place where a prisoner is kept
dziura
lack of an electron
security vulnerability
dziura nora rudera
undesirable place
dziura otwór
hollow in some surface
otwór dziura
a through opening
orifice (see anus etc. for specific body cavities)
słaby punkt dziura
weakness, flaw
wykop
container

hole punch n
dziurkacz
tool

holey /ˈhoʊli/ /ˈhəʊl.li/ /ˈhəʊli/ [ˈhɒʊli] [ˈhɒʊɫ.li] adj
dziurawy
containing holes

holiday /ˈhɑləˌdeɪ/ /ˈhɒlɪdeɪ/ /ˈhɒlɪdɪ/ n
urlop
period of one or more days taken off work for leisure and often travel
wakacje ferie
period during which pupils do not attend school
święto
day on which a festival, religious event, or national celebration is traditionally observed
day declared free from work by the government

holiday home n
dom wakacyjny
second home used for holidays

holiday pay n
wynagrodzenie urlopowe
basic wage paid while on holiday

holiday season n
sezon wakacyjny wakacje
period of the late fall and early winter when several holidays occur

holiday-maker n
urlopowicz wczasowicz
somebody on holiday

holier-than-thou /ˈhoʊ.li.ɚ ðən ˈðaʊ/ /ˈhəʊ.li.ə ð(ə)n ˈðaʊ/ adj
świętojebliwy świętoszkowaty
hypocritically or self-righteously pious

holiness /ˈhoʊlinəs/ /ˈhəʊlinəs/ n
świętość
state or condition of being holy

holism n
holizm
theory or belief that the whole is greater than the sum of the parts

hollow /ˈhɑ.loʊ/ /ˈhɑlɚ/ /ˈhɒl.əʊ/ adj
głuchy
echoing, reverberating, as if in a hollow space
pusty
without substance
pusty wydrążony
having an empty space inside

hollow /ˈhɑ.loʊ/ /ˈhɑlɚ/ /ˈhɒl.əʊ/ n
niecka nizina
sunken area
pustka
feeling of emptiness

hollow block n
pustak betonowy
lightweight building block

holly /ˈhɑli/ /ˈhɒli/ n
ostrokrzew
any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex

hollyhock /ˈhɑlihɑk/ /ˈhɒlihɒk/ n
malwa
plant

holm oak /ˈhoʊm oʊk/ /ˈhəʊm əʊk/ n
dąb ostrolistny
evergreen tree, Quercus ilex

holmium /ˈhoʊ.mi.əm/ n
holm
chemical element

holo- prefix
holo-
whole

holocaust /ˈhoʊ.lə-/ /ˈhɑl.əˌkɑst/ /ˈhɑl.əˌkɔst/ /ˈhɒl.ə(ʊ)ˌkɔːst/ n
holokaust holocaust
extensive destruction of a group of animals or people
state-sponsored mass murder of a particular group of people in society
holokaust holocaust całopalenie
offering or sacrifice to a deity that is completely burned to ashes

holomorphic adj
holomorficzny
of a complex function

holomorphism n
funkcja holomorficzna

holonym /ˈhoʊl.əˌnɪm/ /ˈhɑl.əˌnɪm/ /ˈhɒl.əˌnɪm/ /ˈhəʊl.əˌnɪm/ n
holonim
term that denotes a whole

holonymous adj
holonimiczny

holonymy n
holonimia
system of holonyms

holster /ˈhoʊlstə(ɹ)/ /ˈhɒlstə(ɹ)/ n
kabura
case for carrying a gun

holy /ˈhoʊli/ /ˈhəʊli/ adj
święty
dedicated to a religious purpose
revered in a religion
slang intensifier

holy fool n
jurodiwyj
person who publicly acts as if mad or stupid for self-humilitation

holy shit /ˌhoʊli ˈʃɪt/ /ˌhəʊli ˈʃɪt/ interjection
ja pierdolę! o kurwa!
expression of surprise or the like

holy smoke interjection
no noǃ
expression of astonishment

holy war n
wojna religijna święta wojna
primarily religious war

holy water n
woda święcona
water, sanctified

holyhedron n
wielościan z dziurami

homage /oʊˈmɑʒ/ /ɒˈmɑːʒ/ /ˈ(h)ɑmɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈhɒmɪd͡ʒ/ n
hołd
demonstration of respect
hołd hołd lenny
in feudalism, the formal oath of a vassal to his or her lord

home /(h)əʊm/ /hoʊm/ adv
do domu
homewards
w domu
at home

home /(h)əʊm/ /hoʊm/ n
dom
house or structure in which someone lives
place of refuge or rest
place of the affections
ojczyzna macierz
someone’s native land

home economics n
prace ręczne technika
the study of homemaking

home is where the heart is proverb
tam dom twój, gdzie serce twoje
One's true home is where one feels happiest

home loan n
kredyt na dom
mortgage on a house

home page /ˈhoʊmpeɪdʒ/ /ˈhəʊmpeɪdʒ/ n
strona główna
main or first page of a website
strona początkowa strona startowa
web page set to open in a web browser

home stretch n
ostatnia prosta
final part of a distance or effort
final stretch of a race

homebird n
domator domatorka

homebody n
domator domatorka
person who likes to stay home

homegrown adj
domorosły samorodny
Created or constructed in an informal or amateur manner; done without formal assistance, as from a business, organization, or professional

homeland n
ojczyzna macierz ojcowizna
country which one regards as home

homeless /ˈhoʊmləs/ /ˈhoʊmlɪs/ adj
bezdomny
lacking a permanent residence

homeless shelter n
schronisko
sanctuary for animals
schronisko dla bezdomnych
building to provide shelter for homeless

homelessly adv
bezdomnie

homelessness n
bezdomność
state of being homeless

homely /ˈhoʊmli/ /ˈhəʊmli/ adj
swojski
characteristic of or belonging to home

homemade adj
domowej roboty domowy
made at home
zrobiony ręcznie
made by oneself

homeo- prefix
homeo-

homeopath n
homeopata homeopatka
a person who practices homeopathy

homeopathic adj
homeopatyczny
of or pertaining to homeopathy

homeopathy /ˌhomiˈɑpəθi/ /ˌhɑmiˈɑpəθi/ /ˌhɒmɪˈɒpəθi/ /ˌhəʊmɪˈɒpəθi/ n
homeopatia
system of treating diseases with very small amounts

homeostasis /ˌhoʊ.mi.oʊˈsteɪ.sɪs/ /ˌhɒmɪə(ʊ)ˈsteɪsɪs/ /ˌhəʊmɪə(ʊ)ˈsteɪsɪs/ n
homeostaza
ability to stabilize internal environment

homeothermic adj
homeotermiczny

homeowner n
właściciel domu/mieszkania
someone who owns a house

homeowner association n
wspólnota mieszkaniowa
private association formed by a real estate developer

homeroom n
godzina wychowawcza

homesick adj
nostalgiczny
missing one's home or family

homesickness n
nostalgia
missing one's home or family

hometown n
rodzinna miejscowość rodzinne miasteczko rodzinne miasto
place of birth or residence

homeward /ˈhoʊmwɚd/ /ˈhəʊmwəd/ adv
do domu do dóm
towards home

homewards adj
do domu
leading toward home

homework /ˈhoʊmˌwɝk/ /ˈhəʊmˌwɜːk/ n
praca domowa zadanie domowe
work that is done at home

homicide /ˈhoʊ.məˌsaɪ̯d/ /ˈhɑm.əˌsaɪ̯d/ /ˈhɒm.ɪˌsaɪ̯d/ n
morderca morderczyni
a person who kills another
zabójstwo
the killing of one person by another

homiletics n
homiletyka
art of preaching

homily /ˈhɑmɪli/ /ˈhɒmɪli/ n
homilia
sermon

homing pigeon n
gołąb pocztowy
domesticated rock pigeon with strong homing instinct

hominy /ˈhɒmɪni/ n
mamałyga
a food made from hulled maize

homo- prefix
homo- izo-
Same

homogeneous /həˈmɑ.d͡ʒə.nəs/ /ˌhoʊ.moʊˈd͡ʒiː.njəs/ /ˌhoʊ.moʊˈd͡ʒɛ.njəs/ /ˌhoʊ.məˈd͡ʒiː.njəs/ /ˌhɒ.mə(ʊ)ˈdʒiː.nɪəs/ /ˌhəʊ.mə(ʊ)ˈdʒiː.nɪəs/ adj
jednorodny jednolity
of the same kind; alike, similar

homogeneous polynomial n
wielomian jednorodny
mathematics: polynomial such that the sum of the exponents of the variables is the same for every term

homogenization n
homogenizacja
homogenization

homogenize /həˈmɑːd͡ʒənaɪz/ /həˈmɒdʒənaɪz/ v
ujednolicać ujednolicić
to make homogeneous

homograph /ˈhoʊməɡɹæf/ /ˈhɑːməɡɹæf/ /ˈhɒməɡɹɑːf/ /ˈhəʊməɡɹæf/ n
homograf
word with the same spelling but different meaning

homomorphism n
homomorfizm
notion in mathematics

homonym /ˈhɑmənɪm/ /ˈhɒmənɪm/ n
homonim
word with the same sound or spelling

homophobe [ˈhɒməˌfəʊb] [ˈhəʊməˌfəʊb] n
homofob homofobka
person who is prejudiced against homosexuals and homosexuality

homophobia /ˌhɒ.məˈfəʊ.bi.ə/ /ˌhəʊ.məˈfəʊ.bi.ə/ n
homofobia
fear, dislike, or hate of homosexuals

homophobic adj
homofobiczny
characteristic of homophobia

homosexual /ˌhoʊmoʊˈsɛkʃuːəl/ /ˌhoʊməˈsɛkʃuːəl/ /ˌhɒməʊˈsɛksjuːəl/ /ˌhɒməʊˈsɛkʃuːəl/ /ˌhəʊməʊˈsɛksjuːəl/ /ˌhəʊməʊˈsɛkʃuːəl/ adj
homoseksualny homoseksualista
sexually attracted solely or primarily to the same sex

homosexual /ˌhoʊmoʊˈsɛkʃuːəl/ /ˌhoʊməˈsɛkʃuːəl/ /ˌhɒməʊˈsɛksjuːəl/ /ˌhɒməʊˈsɛkʃuːəl/ /ˌhəʊməʊˈsɛksjuːəl/ /ˌhəʊməʊˈsɛkʃuːəl/ n
homoseksualista gej lesbijka
person who is attracted solely or primarily to others of the same sex

homosexuality /ˌhoʊmoʊˌsɛkʃuˈælɪti/ /ˌhoʊməˌsɛkʃuˈælɪti/ /ˌhɒmə(ʊ)-/ /ˌhəʊmə(ʊ)sɛkʃʊˈælɪti/ /ˌhəʊmə(ʊ)ˌsɛksjʊˈælɪti/ n
homoseksualizm
sexual orientation

homosexually adv
homoseksualnie
in a homosexual way

homothety n
jednokładność homotetia
scaling transformation

hone /hoʊn/ /həʊn/ n
osełka
sharpening stone

hone /hoʊn/ /həʊn/ v
doskonalić
to refine or master a skill

honest /ˈɑnəst/ /ˈɑnɪst/ /ˈɒnɪst/ /ˈɔːnɪst/ adj
uczciwy szczery
scrupulous with regard to telling the truth

honest /ˈɑnəst/ /ˈɑnɪst/ /ˈɒnɪst/ /ˈɔːnɪst/ adv
autentyk

honestly /ˈɑnɪstli/ /ˈɒnɪstli/ adv
szczerze uczciwie
in an honest manner

honesty /ˈɑnəsti/ /ˈɒnəsti/ /ˈɒnəstɪ/ /ˈɔːnɪstɪ/ n
uczciwość szczerość
quality of being honest

honey /ˈhʌni/ n
kolor miodowy
colour
laska
informal: attractive woman
miód miód pszczeli
sweet substance produced by bees

honey badger n
miodożer pszczoło-jamnik ratel ratel miodożerny
Mellivora capensis

honey bee n
pszczoła miodny
honey bee

honey buzzard n
pszczołojad trzmielojad zwyczajny
Pernis apivorus

honey dipper n
czerpak do miodu
kitchen tool

honey fungus n
opieńka
mushroom of the genus Armillaria

honey locust n
glediczja iglicznia
tree

honey trap n
miodowa pułapka
use of a romantic or a sexual relationship

honeycake n
miodownik
a cake made with honey

honeycomb /ˈhʌnikəʊm/ /ˈhʌniˌkoʊm/ n
plaster plaster miodu
substance made by bees primarily from beeswax which has hexagonal cells; single sheet made up of two layers of this substance

honeydew /-dʒuː/ /ˈhʌniˌd(j)u/ /ˈhʌnɪdjuː/ n
spadź rosa miodowa
sweet, sticky substance deposited on leaves, etc., by insects feeding on plant sap, or by fungi

honeydew melon n
melon spadziowy
melon from the Cucumis melo Inodorous group cultivar group with sweet, light green or white flesh and a smooth greenish-white or yellow rind

honeyeater n
miodojad
any bird of family Meliphagidae

honeymoon /ˈhʌn.iˌmuːn/ n
miesiąc miodowy
period of time immediately following a marriage
miesiąc miodowy podróż poślubna
trip taken by a newly wed married couple

honeysuckle /ˈhʌniːsʌkəl/ /ˈhʌnɪsʌk(ə)l/ n
wiciokrzew suchodrzew
plant

honeywort n
ośmiał
Cerinthe

honi soit qui mal y pense /ˌoʊni -/ /ˌɒni ˌswɑː kiː ˌmal iː ˈpɒ̃s/ /ˌɔni ˌswɑ ki ˌmɑl i ˈpɑ̃s/ phraseologicalUnit
hańba temu, kto widzi w tym coś nieprzystojnego
honi soit qui mal y pense

honk /hɑŋk/ /hɒŋk/ /hɔŋk/ v
gęgać
to honk like a goose
trąbić
to use a car horn

honky n
białas białaska
white person

honor /ˈɑn.ɚ/ /ˈɒn.ə/ n
cześć honor
recognition of importance or spiritual value; respect
honor
favourable reputation; dignity; sense of self-worth
honor cześć
token of praise or respect
zaszczyt
privilege

honor among thieves n
wiarygodność wśród niewiarygodnych

honorable /ˈɑnəɹəbl̩/ /ˈɑnɹəbl̩/ /ˈɒnəɹəbl̩/ /ˈɒnɹəbl̩/ adj
szanowny czcigodny dostojny
worthy of respect

honorarium /ˌɑ.nəˈɹɛɹ.i.əm/ /ˌɒ.nəˈɹɛɹ.i.əm/ n
honorarium opłata wynagrodzenie
compensation for services

honorary /ˈɑn.əˌrɛr.i/ adj
honorowy nominalny tytularny
given as an honor

honorary consul n
konsul honorowy
person representing a country as a local consul

honorific /ˌɑːnəˈɹɪfɪk/ /ˌɒnəˈɹɪfɪk/ adj
honorowy grzecznościowy honoryfikatywny zaszczytny
showing or conferring honour and respect

honorific /ˌɑːnəˈɹɪfɪk/ /ˌɒnəˈɹɪfɪk/ n
zwrot grzecznościowy
title or term of respect

honorificabilitudinitatibus /-ˈtæ-/ /ˌɑn.əˌɹɪf.ɪ.kəˌbɪl.əˌt(j)u.dɪ.nɪˈteɪ.tɪ.bəs/ /ˌɒn.əˌɹɪf.ɪ.kəˌbɪl.ɪˌt(j)uː.dɪ.nɪˈteɪ.tɪ.bəs/ [-ɾɪ-] n
szanowny
state of being able to achieve honours

honour killing n
zabójstwo honorowe
murder as a cultural practice

hooch /huːt͡ʃ/ n
bimber gorzała samogon
inferior liquor

hood /hʊd/ [hɪ̈d] [hʊ̈d] n
kaptur kapuza
covering for the head attached to a larger garment such as a jacket or cloak
maska
enclosure that protects something, especially from above
maska kapot

hood rat n
bloker blokers
a poor inner city resident

hooded crane n
żuraw białogłowy
Grus monacha

hooded crow n
wrona siwa
Corvus cornix

hoodie /ˈhʊdi/ n
bluza
sweatshirt, with an integral hood

hoodlum /ˈhuːdləm/ /ˈhʊdləm/ n
bandyta gangster
a gangster; a hired thug

hoof /huːf/ /hʊf/ n
kopyto
tip of a toe of ungulates

hoof fungus n
hubiak pospolity
Fomes fomentarius

hoof pick n
kopystka
a hooked tool used to clean the hooves of a horse

hoofed /hʊft/ adj
kopytny
having a hoof

hook /huːk/ /hʊk/ n
hak kotwiczka
rod bent into a curved shape
sierpowy hak
type of boxing punch

hook and eye n
haftka
a matched hook and an eye, used for fastening

hook up v
puszczać się puścić się
to have a casual sexual experience with another person, usually without any future relationship intended

hookah /ˈhu.kə/ /ˈhʊ.kə/ n
szisza nargile fajka wodna
pipe

hooked /hʊkt/ adj
haczykowaty
having a sharp curve at the end; resembling a hook

hooker /ˈhʊk.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈhʊk.ɚ/ n
młynarz
rugby player

hooligan /ˈhuː.lɪ.ɡən/ n
chuligan chuliganka warchoł zabijaka zakapiór
person that causes trouble or violence

hooliganish adj
chuligański
characterised by hooliganism

hooliganism n
chuliganizm chuligaństwo
behavior

hoop /huːp/ n
obręcz
circular band of metal used to bind a barrel

hoopoe /ˈhupoʊ/ /ˈhupu/ /ˈhupəʊ/ /ˈhuːpuː/ n
dudek
bird Upupa epops

hooray /həˈɹeɪ/ interjection
hura
elated expression of approval

hoot /huːt/ /hʉːt/ [hïɯt] n
pohukiwanie
cry of an owl

hoot /huːt/ /hʉːt/ [hïɯt] v
hukać pohukiwać
To make the cry of an owl

hooter /ˈhu.tɚ/ /ˈhuː.tə(ɹ)/ [ˈhu.ɾɚ] n
klakson
horn of a motor vehicle

hop /hɑp/ /hɒp/ n
chmiel
plant
dried flowers of the hop plant

hopak /ˈhoːpæk/ /ˈhəʊpæk/ n
hopak
a Ukrainian national dance

hope /hoʊp/ /həʊp/ n
nadzieja
belief that something wished for can happen
person or thing that is a source of hope

hope /hoʊp/ /həʊp/ v
mieć nadzieję spodziewać się
to want something to happen, with expectation that it might

hope springs eternal proverb
nadzieja umiera ostatnia jeszcze Polska nie zginęła
the feeling of hopefulness endlessly renews itself

hopeless /ˈhoʊplɪs/ /ˈhəʊplɪs/ adj
beznadziejny
destitute of hope; having no expectation of good; despairing

hopelessly /ˈhoʊplɪsli/ /ˈhəʊplɪsli/ adv
beznadziejnie

hopelessness n
beznadzieja beznadziejność
the lack of hope; despair

hophornbeam n
chmielograb
Any species of the genus Ostrya

hoplite /ˈhɒplaɪt/ n
hoplita
A heavily-armed infantry soldier of Ancient Greece

hopscotch /ˈhɑpˌskɑt͡ʃ/ /ˈhɒpˌskɒt͡ʃ/ n
klasy
child's game

hora n
hora
circle dance

horde /ho(ː)ɹd/ /hoəd/ /hɔɹd/ /hɔːd/ n
horda
wandering troop or gang
a large number of people

horehound n
szanta
plant of the genus Marrubium
szanta zwyczajna
Marrubium vulgare

horizon /həˈɹaɪ.zən/ n
horyzont nieboskłon widnokrąg
line that appears to separate the Earth from the sky

horizontal /ˌhoɹəˈzɑntəl/ /ˌhɒɹɪˈzɒntəl/ adj
horyzontalny poziomy
parallel to the plane of the horizon

horizontal bar n
drążek
horizontally-aligned bar used in gymnastics

horizontally adv
poziomo
in a horizontal direction or position

hormonal /hɔɹˈmoʊnəl/ adj
hormonalny
pertaining to hormones

hormone /ˈhoɹmoʊn/ /ˈhɔːməʊn/ n
hormon
substance produced by the body that effects physiological activity

hormone replacement therapy n
terapia hormonalna zastępcza terapia hormonalna
medical regimens

horn /hɔɹn/ /hɔːn/ /ˈhoːrn/ /ˈhoːɻn/ /ˈhɒːɹn/ n
klakson
loud alarm, especially on a motor vehicle
róg
growth on the heads of certain animals
any of several musical wind instruments
substance
instrument used to signal others

hornbeam /ˈhɔɹnˌbim/ /ˈhɔːnˌbiːm/ n
grab
tree of Carpinus

hornbill /ˈhɔːn.bɪl/ /ˈhɔːɹn.bɪl/ n
dzioborożec
bird

horned /ˈhɔː(ɹ)nd/ /ˈhɔː(ɹ)nɪd/ adj
rogaty
having horns

horned lark n
górniczek zwyczajny
Eremophila alpestris

horned melon n
kiwano ogórek kiwano
plant

horned owl n
puchacz
New World member of the genus Bubo

hornero n
garncarz
bird of the genus Furnarius

hornet /ˈhɔɹ.nɪt/ /ˈhɔː.nɪt/ n
szerszeń
a large wasp, of the genus Vespa, with a brown-and-yellow-striped body

hornless /hɔɹn.ləs/ /hɔɹn.lɪs/ /hɔːn.ləs/ /hɔːn.lɪs/ adj
bezrogi nierogaty
without horns

hornwort n
rogatek sztywny

horny /ˈhoɹni/ /ˈhɔːni/ adj
napalony
sexually aroused
rogaty
having horns
rogowy zrogowaciały
hard or bony

horology n
horologia
art, science, and technology of timekeeping

horoscope /ˈhɒ.ɹə.skəʊp/ /ˈhɔ.ɹəˌskoʊp/ n
horoskop
astrological forecast
position of the planets and stars; diagram of such positions

horrible /ˈhɑɹɪbəl/ /ˈhɒɹɪbəl/ /ˈhɔɹɪbəl/ [-bəɫ] adj
okropny straszny
causing horror, terrible

horrific /hɑˈɹɪfɪk/ /hɒˈɹɪfɪk/ /hɔˈɹɘfɘk/ /hɔˈɹɪfɪk/ /hɘˈɹɘfɘk/ /həˈɹɪfɪk/ adj
przerażający
causing horror

horror /ˈhɑɹ.ɚ/ /ˈhɒɹ.ə/ /ˈhɔɚ/ /ˈhɔɹ.ɚ/ n
groza strach
intense distressing fear or repugnance

horror movie n
film grozy horror
motion picture which horrifies or frightens

horror of horrors interjection
o zgrozo

horror story n
horror
fictional narrative of distressing events
unpleasant experience

horror vacui n
natura nie znosi próżni

hors d'oeuvre /ˌɔɹˈdɝv/ /ˌɔːˈdɜːv/ n
przystawka zakąska
appetizer

horse /hoɹs/ /hoːs/ /hɔːs/ /hɔːɹs/ [ho̝ːs] [ho̞ɹs] n
koń klacz
members of the species Equus ferus

horse bean n
bób
Vicia faba ver. equina

horse chestnut /ˌhɔɹs ˈtʃɛsnʌt/ /ˌhɔːs ˈtʃɛsnʌt/ n
kasztanowiec
tree

horse collar n
chomąto
a bitless headpiece

horse of a different color n
inna para kaloszy
unrelated or incidentally related matter with different significance

horse racing n
jeździectwo
a sport where horses and their jockeys compete to be fastest

horse sense n
chłopski rozum zdrowy rozsądek
common sense

horse thief n
koniokrad
someson who steals horses

horse-leech n
pijawka końska
Haemopis sanguisuga

horsebreaker n
ujeżdżacz
one who breaks in horses

horsefly n
bąk
fly of the family Tabanidae

horsehair n
końskie włosie
hair of a horse, from its mane or tail

horseless adj
bezkonny

horseling n
konik
a little horse

horseman /ˈhɔrsmən/ /ˈhɔːsmən/ n
jeździec
man who rides a horse

horsemeat n
konina
horse meat

horseplay n
harce swawola
rough or rowdy play

horsepower /ˈhɔɹsˌpaʊɚ/ /ˈhɔːsˌpaʊə/ n
koń mechaniczny
metric
koń parowy koń mechaniczny
non-metric

horseradish /ˈhɔɹsɹædɪʃ/ /ˈhɔːsɹædɪʃ/ n
chrzan
condiment
plant

horseshoe /ˈhɔː.ʃuː/ /ˈhɔːs.ʃuː/ /ˈhɔːɹ.ʃuː/ /ˈhɔːɹs.ʃuː/ n
podkowa
metallic shoe of a horse
shape of a horseshoe

horseshoe /ˈhɔː.ʃuː/ /ˈhɔːs.ʃuː/ /ˈhɔːɹ.ʃuː/ /ˈhɔːɹs.ʃuː/ v
kuć podkuwać podkuć
to apply horseshoes to a horse

horseshoe bat n
podkowiec
bat of the genus Rhinolophus

horseshoe crab n
mieczogon ostrogon
arthropod

horseshoe vetch n
konikleca
Hippocrepis

horsetail /ˈhɔː(ɹ)s.teɪl/ n
skrzyp
plant of the order Equisetales

horsewhip n
szpicrut szpicruta
whip used on horses

horsewoman n
jeźdźczyni
a female equestrian

horst /hɔːst/ n
zrąb tektoniczny
raised portion of Earth's surface

horsy /ˈhɔɹsi/ /ˈhɔːsi/ adj
koński
of or relating to horses

horsy /ˈhɔɹsi/ /ˈhɔːsi/ n
konik
a child's term or name for a horse

horticulture /ˈhɔɹ.tɪˌkʌl.t͡ʃɚ/ /ˈhɔː.tɪˌkʌl.tʃə(ɹ)/ n
ogrodnictwo
the science of caring for gardens

hosanna /hoʊˈzænə/ /hoʊˈzɑnə/ interjection
hosanna
liturgical word

hose /hoʊz/ /həʊz/ n
wąż szlauch
flexible tube

hospice /ˈhɑspɪs/ /ˈhɒspɪs/ n
hospicjum
a facility or organization offering palliative care for the terminally ill

hospitable /hɑsˈpɪtəbl̩/ /hɒsˈpɪtəbl̩/ /ˈhɑspɪtəbl̩/ adj
gościnny
cordial and generous towards guests

hospitableness n
gościnność
quality of being hospitable

hospital /ˈhɑs.pɪ.tl̩/ /ˈhɑs.pɪ.ɾl̩/ /ˈhɒs.pɪ.tl̩/ /ˈɒs.pɪ.tl̩/ n
szpital
large medical facility

hospitality /hɑs.pɪˈtæl.ɪ.ti/ /hɒs.pɪˈtæl.ɪ.ti/ n
gościnność
act or service of welcoming, receiving, hosting, or entertaining guests
obsługa obsługiwanie
business of providing catering, lodging and entertainment service

hospitalization n
hospitalizacja
hospitalizing of a patient

hospitalize /ˈhɒspɪtəˌlaɪz/ v
hospitalizować umieścić w szpitalu
to send to a hospital

hospodar n
hospodar
title of the governors of Moldavia and Wallachia

host /hoʊst/ /həʊst/ n
gospodarz
person who receives or entertains a guest
person or organisation responsible for running an event
host
computing: computer attached to a network
żywiciel gospodarz
biology: cell or organism which harbors another organism
hostia
consecrated bread

host /hoʊst/ /həʊst/ v
gościć ugościć
perform the role of a host
hostować
computing: run software for a remote user or process

host family n
rodzina goszcząca
a family which provides board and lodging to au pairs and students

hostage /ˈhɑs.tɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈhɒs.tɪd͡ʒ/ n
zakładnik zakładniczka
person given as a pledge or security

hostagehood n
zakładnictwo

hostel /ˈhɑstəl/ /ˈhɒstəl/ n
hostel
an affordable overnight lodging place

hostess /ˈhoʊstɪs/ /ˈhəʊstəs/ n
gospodyni
female host
karczmarka oberżystka szynkarka
female innkeeper
stewardesa stewardessa
stewardess

hostile /ˈhɑstaɪl/ /ˈhɑstəl/ /ˈhɒstaɪl/ /ˈhɒstəl/ adj
wrogi
belonging or appropriate to an enemy

hostile takeover n
wrogie przejęcie
buyout that is strongly resisted by the target company's management

hostilely /ˈhɑ.staɪl.li/ /ˈhɑs.tə.li/ /ˈhɑs.təl.li/ adv
wrogo
in a hostile manner

hostility /hɑˈstɪlɪti/ /hɒˈstɪlɪti/ n
wrogość nieprzyjaźń
state of being hostile

hostler /ˈ(h)ɑs.lɚ/ /ˈ(h)ɒs.lə/ n
parowozowy
person employed to care for a locomotive
stajenny
person at an inn who looks after horses

hot /hɑt/ /hɒt/ adj
gorący
having a high temperature
slang: physically very attractive
gorący upalny
of the weather
ostry pikantny
spicy

hot air n
bicie piany
empty, confused or exaggerated talk
gorący powietrze
heated air

hot chocolate n
gorąca czekolada
beverage

hot chocolate effect n
efekt cappuccino

hot dog /ˈhɑt.dɑɡ/ /ˈhɑt.dɔɡ/ /ˈhɒt.dɒɡ/ /ˈhʌt.dɒɡ/ /ˌhɑtˈdɑɡ/ /ˌhɑtˈdɔɡ/ /ˌhɒtˈdɒɡ/ [ˈhʌʔ.dɒːɡ] n
hot dog
frankfurter in a bun

hot flush n
uderzenie gorąca
sudden sensation of heat, symptom of the menopause

hot glue gun n
pistolet do kleju
tool

hot on someone's heels adj
deptać po piętach
close behind

hot shoe n
gorąca stopka

hot spot /ˈhɑtˌspɑt/ /ˈhɒtˌspɒt/ n
hotspot
location in which Wi-Fi Internet access is available

hot spring n
cieplica gorące źródło źródło ciepłe źródło termalne
natural spring producing water whose temperature is greater than about 20°C (68° F)

hot tub n
jacuzzi
large tub

hot water bottle n
termofor
a flexible bottle for heat therapy

hot water heater n
boiler piecyk elektryczny piecyk gazowy podgrzewacz wody terma
apparatus in which water is heated for domestic hot water

hot-air balloon n
balon balon na ogrzane powietrze
balloon-shaped aircraft filled with hot air

hotel /(h)əʊˈtɛl/ /hoʊˈtɛl/ /ˈhoʊtɛl/ n
hotel
establishment providing accommodation

hotel room n
pokój hotelowy

hothouse n
cieplarnia
heated greenhouse

hotline n
infolinia
telephone line that is able to give immediate assistance

hottie /ˈhɑ.ti/ /ˈhɒ.ti/ /ˈhɔ.ti/ [ˈhɑ.ɾi] [ˈhɔ.ɾi] n
ciacho
slang: sexually attractive person

houbara bustard n
hubara
Chlamydotis undulata

hound /haʊnd/ n
ogar gończy
dog, hunting dog

hour /ˈaʊə(ɹ)/ /ˈaʊɚ/ n
godzina
time period of sixty minutes
the time

hour hand n
wskazówka godzinowa
the hand on a clock or watch which indicates the hour

hourglass /ˈaʊəɡlɑːs/ n
klepsydra zegar piaskowy
clock

hourglass figure n
figura klepsydry
a human body shape resembling an hourglass

houri /ˈhʊəɹi/ n
hurysa
(Islam) a nymph in the form of a beautiful virgin

hourly /ˈaʊ̯əli/ /ˈaʊ̯ɚli/ adj
cogodzinny
that occurs every hour
godzinowy
unsalaried, paid by the hour

hourslong adj
kilkugodzinny
lasting several hours

house /haʊs/ /hʌʊs/ n
dom
human abode
archetypal structure of a human abode
an establishment, business
dom ród
dynasty, familiar descendance
izba dom
debating chamber for government politicians

house arrest n
areszt domowy
confinement of a person, by authorities, to his or her residence

house call n
wizyta wizyta domowa
visit by a medical professional

house mouse n
mysz domowa mysz
mouse of the species Mus musculus

house mover n
osoba zamująca się przeprowadzkami

house music /ˈhaʊs ˌmjuːzɪk/ n
house
type of electronic dance music with an uptempo beat and recurring kickdrum

house of cards /ˈhaʊs.ʌvˌkɑɹdz/ [ˈhaʊs.ʌvˌkʰɑɹdz] n
domek z kart
structure made by stacking playing cards
structure or argument built on a shaky foundation

house party n
domówka prywatka wieczorek
social gathering

house slipper n
bambosz ciapeć kapeć pantofel papeć papuć

house sparrow n
wróbel wróbel zwyczajny
Passer domesticus

house-proud adj
dumny własnego domu

housecat n
kot domowy
housecat

housefly n
mucha domowa
fly

household /ˈhaʊshoʊld/ /ˈhaʊshəʊld/ n
gospodarstwo domowe

household appliance n
sprzęt AGD
machine

household goods n
artykuły użytku domowego
collectively, products destined for use in the house

householdership n
właścicielstwo domu

househusband n
gospodarz gospodarz domu
husband who remains in the homestead

housekeeper /ˈhaʊskipɚ/ /ˈhaʊskiːpə/ n
gosposia pomoc domowa
someone employed to manage or look after a home

houseleek /ˈhaʊsliːk/ n
rojnik
Sempervivum

housewarming n
parapetówka
party

housewife /ˈhaʊs.waɪf/ /ˈhʌz(w)ɪf/ /ˈhʌzwaɪf/ /ˈhʌzɪf/ n
gospodyni domowa pani domu
female head of household

hover /ˈhɒvə/ /ˈhʌvə/ /ˈhʌvɚ/ v
zawisać zawisnąć
to remain stationary or float in the air

hovercraft /ˈhɑvɚ.kɹæft/ /ˈhɒv.ə.kɹæft/ /ˈhɒv.ə.kɹɑːft/ /ˈhʌv.ə.kɹæft/ /ˈhʌv.ə.kɹɑːft/ /ˈhʌvɚ.kɹæft/ n
poduszkowiec
vehicle supported on a cushion of air

hoverfly n
bzyg
fly in the family Syrphidae

how /haʊ/ /hæɔ/ adv
jak
in what manner
to what degree
in what state
used as a modifier to indicate surprise, delight, or other strong feelings

how /haʊ/ /hæɔ/ conjunction
jak w jaki sposób
the manner or way in which

how about that phraseologicalUnit
no proszęǃ
expression of perplexity or surprise

how are you /haʊ ˈɑɹ ju/ /haʊ ˈɑː juː/ /hæɔ ˈaː jə/ /hæɔ ˈaː jʉː/ phraseologicalUnit
co u ciebie? co u was?
greeting

how come /haʊ kʌm/ adv
dlaczego czemu jak to jakże
why

how dare you interjection
jak śmiesz
used to express indignation and shock at another person's action

how do I get to phraseologicalUnit
jak dojdę do...? jak mogę dostać się do
how do I get to...?

how do I get to the airport phraseologicalUnit
jak dostanę się na lotnisko?
how do I get to the airport?

how do I get to the bus station phraseologicalUnit
jak dostanę się na dworzec autobusowy?
how do I get to the bus station?

how do I get to the train station phraseologicalUnit
jak dostanę się na dworzec kolejowy?
how do I get to the train station?

how do you do phraseologicalUnit
jak leci jak się macie jak się masz jak tam
Phrase: how do you do

how do you mean phraseologicalUnit
co masz na myśli?
a request for clarification of what the listener just said

how do you pronounce this word /ˈhaʊ duː ˈjuː pɹəˈnaʊns ðɪs ˈwɝd/ /ˈhaʊ də juː pɹəˈnaʊns ðɪs ˈwɜːd/ phraseologicalUnit
jak się wymawia to słowo? jak wymówić to słowo?
how do you pronounce this word?

how do you say … in English phraseologicalUnit
jak się mówi … po angielsku?
request for translation into English

how do you spell this word phraseologicalUnit
jak się pisze to słowo?
how do you spell this word?

how long adv
jak długo
how long (length of time)

how many determiner
ile
what number

how many languages do you speak phraseologicalUnit
ile znasz języków? iloma językami mówisz?
how many languages do you speak?

how many siblings do you have phraseologicalUnit
ile masz rodzeństwa?
how many siblings do you have?

how much determiner
ile
what quantity
ile ile kosztuje
what is the cost/price?

how much do I owe you phraseologicalUnit
ile jestem ci winien? ile wiszę?
how much do I owe you?

how much do you charge phraseologicalUnit
ile to kosztuje? ile za to bierzesz?
how much do you charge?

how much does it cost phraseologicalUnit
ile to kosztuje? po ile?
how much is it?

how old are you /haʊ ˈoʊld ɑɹ ˌju/ /haʊ ˈəʊld ɑː(ɹ) ˌjuː/ phraseologicalUnit
ile ma Pan lat? ile ma Pani lat? ile masz lat?
what is your age in years

how should I know phraseologicalUnit
bo ja wiem

how so phraseologicalUnit
jak to? w jaki sposób?
why

how the mighty have fallen phraseologicalUnit
jak potężny upada
proverb

how's it going phraseologicalUnit
co słychać co tam jak leci jak się masz jak tam
how's it going? - informal greetings

how's the weather phraseologicalUnit
jaka jest pogoda?
how's the weather?

howbeit /haʊˈbiː.ɪt/ conjunction
aliści
although

however /haʊˈɛvɚ/ /hɑʊˈɛvə/ /hɑˈwɛvə(ɹ)/ adv
jednak jednakże
nevertheless

howitzer /ˈhaʊ.ɪts.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈhaʊ.ɪts.əɹ/ n
haubica
a cannon
a slightly different cannon

howl /haʊl/ n
wycie
protracted, mournful cry of a dog or a wolf

howl /haʊl/ v
wyć
to utter a loud, protracted, mournful sound or cry, as dogs and wolves often do

howler monkey n
wyjec
loud Central American and South American monkey of the genus Alouatta

hp n
KM
horsepower

hryvnia /(hə)ˈrɪvniə/ /(hə)ˈrɪvnɪə/ n
hrywna
Ukrainian currency

hub /hʌb/ n
hub koncentrator
computer networking device
piasta
central part of a wheel
węzeł
point where many routes meet

hubbub /ˈhʌbʌb/ n
gwar harmider tumult wrzawa zamieszanie zgiełk
a confused uproar, commotion, tumult or racket

hubby /ˈhʌbi/ n
mężulek mężuś
husband

hubcap n
kołpak
decorative disk for wheels

hubris /ˈhjuːbɹɪs/ [ˈçju̟ːbɹ̠ʷɪs] n
pycha
excessive pride or arrogance

huchen /ˈhuːkən/ n
głowacica hołowatycia rudopstrąg
Hucho hucho

hue /hju/ /hjuː/ /hjʉː/ /ju/ [çu] [çu̟ː] [çʉː] n
odcień
color or shade of color; tint; dye

hue and cry n
protest wrzawa
loud and persistent public clamour

hug /hʌɡ/ n
objęcie obejmowanie przytulenie
affectionate embrace

hug /hʌɡ/ v
obejmować objąć przytulać tulić przytulić uściskać
to embrace

huge /hjuːd͡ʒ/ /juːdʒ/ [hʊudʒ] [çu̟ːd͡ʒ] adj
ogromny olbrzymi
very large

hugely /ˈhjuːd͡ʒli/ adv
ogromnie
hugely

huh /hə/ /hʌ/ [hə̃] [hʌ̃] interjection
co
to reinforce a question
hę
to indicate that one didn't hear
nie
tag question

hula hoop /ˈhuːlə ˌhuːp/ n
hula-hop
toy in the form of a large hoop

hull /hʌl/ n
kadłub
the body or frame of a vessel

hullabaloo /ˈhʌləbəˌlu/ /ˌhʌləbəˈlu/ /ˌhʌləbəˈluː/ n
poruszenie raban rwetes zamieszanie
clamour, commotion, fuss or uproar

hullabaloo /ˈhʌləbəˌlu/ /ˌhʌləbəˈlu/ /ˌhʌləbəˈluː/ v
wywoływać wielkie poruszenie
to make a commotion or uproar

hum /ˈhʌm/ v
nucić
to make sound with lips closed

human /ˈ(h)ju.mən/ /ˈ(h)juː.mən/ /ˈhjuː.mən/ /ˈju.mən/ [ˈ(ç)ju̟mn̩] [ˈ(ç)ju̟mən] [ˈ(ç)ju̟ːmn̩] [ˈ(ç)ju̟ːmən] adj
ludzki
having the nature or attributes of a human being
ludzki człowieczy
of or belonging to the species Homo sapiens

human being n
człowiek istota ludzka ludzie
person

human chain n
ludzki łańcuch
form of demonstration in which people link their arms as a show of political solidarity

human geographer n
antropogeograf

human geography n
antropogeografia
branch of geography

human right n
prawo człowieka
basic right that all humans should be guaranteed

human rights /ˌhjumən ˈɹaɪtz/ /ˌhjuːmən ˈɹaɪtz/ n
prawa człowieka
set of basic rights and freedoms that all humans should be guaranteed

human shield n
ludzka tarcza
civilians placed in or around targets

human trafficking n
handel ludźmi
criminal activity in which people are recruited, etc. to serve an exploitative purpose

humane /hjuːˈmeɪn/ adj
humanitarny
pertaining to branches of learning concerned with human affairs or the humanities
ludzki humanitarny
with regard for the health and well-being of another

humanely adv
humanitarnie po ludzku
In a humane way

humaniform adj
człekokształtny
like a human or that of a human in form or appearance

humanism /ˈhjumənɪz(ə)m/ /ˈhjuːmənɪz(ə)m/ n
humanizm
ethical system
historical revival of Classical culture
humanitarianism

humanist /ˈhjuːmənɪst/ [ˈhçuːmənɪst] [ˈçuːmənɪst] n
humanista
person who believes in the philosophy of humanism

humanistic adj
humanistyczny
of or pertaining to humanism

humanitarian /hjuˌmæ.nəˈtɛ.ɹi.ən/ /hjʊˌmæ.nɪˈtɛː.ɹɪ.ən/ /ˌhjuː.mæ.nɪˈtɛː.ɹɪ.ən/ [-ɛə.ɹi.ən] adj
humanitarny
concerned with people's welfare

humanitarian corridor /-də/ /-ˈkɔ.ɹə.dɚ/ /hjuˌmæ.nəˈtɛ.ɹi.ən ˈkɔ.ɹəˌdɔɹ/ /hjʊˌmæ.nɪˈtɛː.ɹɪ.ən ˈkɒ.ɹɪ.dɔː/ /ˌhjuː.mæ.nɪˈtɛː.ɹɪ.ən-/ [-ɛə.ɹi.ən-] n
korytarz humanitarny
type of temporary demilitarized zone intended to allow the safe transit of humanitarian aid into, and/or refugees out of, a crisis-hit region

humanitarianism n
humanitaryzm humanizm
humanitarian philosophy

humanities /hjuˈmæn.ɪ.tiz/ n
nauki humanistyczne humanistyka
language, literature, etc.

humanity /hjuˈmænɪti/ [hjuˈmænɪɾi] n
człowieczeństwo
human condition
człowieczeństwo humanitaryzm humanitarność
quality of being benevolent
ludzkość człowieczeństwo
human beings as a group

humanization n
uczłowieczanie uczłowieczenie
act of humanizing

humanize /ˈhjuː.mə.naɪz/ v
uczłowieczać uczłowieczyć
to make human

humanness n
człowieczeństwo
quality of being human

humanoid /ˈhjuːmənɔɪd/ adj
humanoidalny
having the appearance or characteristics of a human

humanoid /ˈhjuːmənɔɪd/ n
humanoid
a being having the appearance or characteristics of a human

humble /ˈhʌmbl̩/ /ˈʌmbl̩/ adj
pokorny uniżony skromny
thinking lowly of oneself

humbly /ˈhʌmbli/ adv
pokornie skromnie
in a humble manner

humdrum /ˈhʌmdɹʌm/ adj
monotonny prozaiczny
lacking variety or excitement; dull; boring

humeral adj
ramieniowy ramienny
of the humerus

humid /ˈhjuːmɪd/ adj
wilgotny
slightly wet

humidifier n
nawilżacz
A device that is used to increase the humidity of the air

humidity /hjuˈmɪd.ɪ.ti/ n
wilgotność
dampness, especially that of the air
amount of water vapour in the air

humiliate /hjuːˈmɪliˌeɪt/ v
upokarzać upokorzyć poniżać poniżyć
to injure a person's dignity and self-respect

humiliating /hjuːˈmɪliˌeɪtɪŋ/ adj
upokarzający
liable to humiliate

humiliation /hjuːˌmɪliˈeɪʃən/ n
upokorzenie
the state of being humiliated, humbled or reduced to lowliness or submission
upokorzenie poniżenie
the act of humiliating or humbling someone; abasement of pride; mortification

humility /hjuːˈmɪlɪti/ n
pokora
characteristic of being humble

hummingbird /ˈhʌmɪnˌbɜːd/ /ˈhʌmɪŋˌbɜːd/ /ˈhʌmɪŋˌbɝd/ n
koliber
any of various small American birds in the family Trochilidae

hummus /ˈhuːməs/ /ˈhʊməs/ /ˈhʌməs/ n
hummus humus
dip made of chickpea paste

humoresque n
humoreska
playful composition

humour /ˈhjuː.mə(ɹ)/ /ˈhjuːmɚ/ /ˈjuːmɚ/ n
humor
wit
humor nastrój
mood

hump /hʌmp/ [hɐm̥p] n
garb
deformity of the human back
rounded fleshy mass as in camel's back

humpback whale n
długopłetwiec humbak
Megaptera novaeangliae

humpbacked adj
garbaty
having a hump on the back

humpless adj
bezgarbny

humus /ˈhjuːməs/ n
próchnica humus
group of compounds in soil

hunchless adj
bezgarbny

hundred /ˈhʌndɚd/ /ˈhʌndɹəd/ /ˈhʌndɹɪd/ /ˈhʌnd͡ʒɚd/ n
setka stówa stówka
hundred-dollar (-euro, etc.) bill

hundred /ˈhʌndɚd/ /ˈhʌndɹəd/ /ˈhʌndɹɪd/ /ˈhʌnd͡ʒɚd/ numeral
sto
cardinal number 100

hundred-thousandth adj
stutysięczny
the ordinal form of the number one hundred thousand

hundredfold adj
stokrotny
Multiplied by a hundred

hundredfold adv
stokrotnie stokroć
by a factor of one hundred

hundredth /ˈhʌndɹədθ/ adj
setny
ordinal of 100

hung like a donkey adj
mający dużego penisa

hung over adj
skacowany
suffering from a hangover

hunger /ˈhʌŋɡə/ /ˈhʌŋɡɚ/ n
głód
need for food
żądza głód
strong desire

hunger /ˈhʌŋɡə/ /ˈhʌŋɡɚ/ v
głodować łaknąć
need food
pożądać pragnąć łaknąć
desire

hunger strike n
głodówka
a fast undertaken as a means of protest

hungry /ˈhʌŋ.ɡɹi/ adj
głodny
affected by hunger; desirous of food
spragniony głodny
eager, having a desire for something

hunker /ˈhʌŋkə/ /ˈhʌŋkɚ/ v
kucać
To crouch, squat or lie down

hunt /hʌnt/ n
polowanie myślistwo łów
the act of hunting, shooting

hunt /hʌnt/ v
polować
to chase down prey

hunt down v
upolować
find with difficulty
hunt something and capture it

hunter /ˈhʌntɚ/ [ˈhʌɾ̃ɚ] n
myśliwy łowca
person who hunts game

hunter-gatherer n
łowca-zbieracz
person whose main food source is hunting and gathering

hunting /ˈhʌntɪŋ/ n
polowanie
chasing and killing animals for sport or to use its parts

hunting ground n
łowisko
area for hunting
place to find what one is looking for

hunting horn n
trąbka myśliwska
bugle used during a hunt

hunting knife n
nóż myśliwski
knife

huntress /ˈhʌntɹɪs/ n
łowczyni
female who hunts

hurdle /ˈhɜːdl̩/ /ˈhɝd(ə)l/ n
przeszkoda płotek
obstacle
płotek płot
artificial barrier over which people or horses jump in a race

hurdler n
płotkarka płotkarz
athlete who competes in the hurdling event

hurdling n
bieg przez płotki biegi płotkarskie

hurdy-gurdy /ˈhɜː.diˌɡɜː.di/ /ˈhɝː.diˌɡɝː.di/ /ˌhɜː.diˈɡɜː.di/ /ˌhɝː.diˈɡɝː.di/ n
lira korbowa
stringed instrument

hurrah /həˈɹɑː/ interjection
hura
expressing approval, appreciation, or happiness

hurricane /ˈhɝɪkeɪn/ /ˈhʌɹɪkeɪn/ /ˈhʌɹɪkən/ n
huragan
weather phenomenon
meteorology: a wind scale for quite strong wind

hurriedly /ˈhɝɪdli/ /ˈhʌɹɪdli/ adv
naprędce pospiesznie pośpiesznie
in a hurried manner

hurry /ˈhɝ.i/ /ˈhʌɹ.i/ n
pośpiech
rushed action

hurry /ˈhɝ.i/ /ˈhʌɹ.i/ v
przyśpieszać przyśpieszyć
to speed up the rate
śpieszyć się
to do things quickly

hurry up v
spieszyć się
go faster

hurt /hɜːt/ /hɝt/ v
boleć
to be painful
boleć ranić
to cause emotional pain
sprawiać ból
to cause physical pain and/or injury

husband /ˈhʌz.bənd/ n
mąż małżonek
male partner in marriage

husband and wife n
mąż i żona
husband and wife

hush /hʊʃ/ /hʌʃ/ v
uciszać uciszyć
to make quiet
zamilknąć
to become quiet

hush up v
zamilknąć
to stop making sounds

husk /hʌsk/ n
łupina łuska
exterior of certain vegetables or fruits

husky /ˈhʌs.ki/ n
husky
any of several breeds of dogs used as sled dogs

hussar /ˈhʌsə(ɹ)/ n
husarz huzar
light cavalry of any of several European armies

hussy /ˈhʌsi/ /ˈhʌzi/ n
ulicznica
a sexually immoral woman

hustle /ˈhʌsəl/ n
bieganina
rush or hurry

hustle and bustle n
bieganina krzątanina wrzawa zgiełk
activity

hustler /ˈhʌsləɹ/ n
alfons
a pimp
kanciarz
one who hustles
męska dziwka żigolo
a male prostitute who sells his services to men

hut /hʌt/ n
chata chałupa
small wooden shed
chata szałas
primitive dwelling

hyacinth /ˈhaɪəsɪnθ/ n
hiacynt
plant of the genus Hyacinthus

hyacinth bean n
chropawiec pospolity fasolnik egipski wspięga pospolita
the plant or its produce of seed

hybrid /ˈhaɪ.bɹɪd/ adj
hybrydowy mieszany
consisting of diverse components

hybrid /ˈhaɪ.bɹɪd/ n
hybryda
something of mixed origin
word derived from different languages
mieszaniec hybryda krzyżówka
biology: offspring resulting from crossbreeding

hybrid immunity n
podwyższona odporność

hybrid warfare n
wojna hybrydowa
warfare that blends conventional warfare and irregular warfare

hydra /ˈhaɪdɹə/ n
stułbia
any of several small freshwater polyps of the genus Hydra and related genera

hydrangea /haɪˈdɹeɪn.d͡ʒi.ə/ /haɪˈdɹeɪn.d͡ʒə/ n
hortensja
shrub

hydrate /ˈhaɪdɹeɪt/ n
hydrat wodzian
solid compound containing or linked to water molecules

hydrate /ˈhaɪdɹeɪt/ v
nawadniać nawodnić uwadniać uwodnić
to absorb water

hydration /haɪˈdɹeɪʃən/ n
hydratacja nawodnienie uwodnienie

hydraulic /haɪˈdɹɒlɪk/ /haɪˈdɹɔːlɪk/ adj
hydrauliczny
having to do with water
related to hydraulics

hydraulic engineering n
budownictwo wodne
sub-discipline of civil engineering concerned with water and sewage

hydraulics /haɪˈdɹɒlɪks/ /haɪˈdɹɔːlɪks/ n
hydraulika
engineering science that deals with liquid in motion

hydrazoic adj
azotowodorowy

hydrazoic acid n
kwas azotowodorowy

hydro- /haɪdɹoʊ-/ prefix
hydro-
pertaining to water

hydrobiology n
hydrobiologia
study of the biology of the organisms that inhabit bodies of water

hydrocarbon n
węglowodór
compound of carbon and hydrogen

hydrocephalus n
wodogłowie hydrocefalia wodomózgowie
skull enlargement due to fluid

hydrochloric adj
chlorowodorowy
relating to hydrochloric acid

hydrochloric acid n
kwas solny kwas chlorowodorowy zajzajer
strong acid made by dissolving the gas hydrogen chloride in water

hydrocyanic acid n
kwas cyjanowodorowy kwas pruski

hydrodynamic adj
hydrodynamiczny
of or relating to the science of hydrodynamics

hydrodynamics n
hydrodynamika
study of fluids in motion

hydroelectric adj
hydroelektryczny
that generates electricity by converting the energy of moving water

hydrofluoroolefin n
[[hydro-]]fluoroalkan

hydrofoil /ˈhaɪ.dɹoʊˌfɔɪl/ /ˈhɑe.dɹəˌfoɪl/ v
wodolot
vessel

hydrogen /ˈhaɪdɹədʒ(ə)n/ /ˈhaɪdɹəd͡ʒən/ [ˈhaɪd͡ʒɹəd͡ʒən] n
wodór
chemical element
molecular hydrogen

hydrogen cyanide n
cyjanowodór

hydrogen fluoride n
fluorowodór
HF

hydrogen peroxide n
woda utleniona
H₂O₂

hydrogen sulfide /ˈhaɪdɹədʒ(ə)n ˈsʌlfaɪd/ /ˈhaɪdɹədʒən ˈsʌlfaɪd/ n
siarkowodór
H₂S

hydrogen vehicle n
samochód na wodór
any vehicle that uses hydrogen as its principal fuel

hydrogenous /haɪˈdɹɑd͡ʒənəs/ /haɪˈdɹɒdʒənəs/ adj
wodorowy
containing hydrogen

hydrogeology n
hydrogeologia
the geology of groundwater

hydrography /haɪˈdɹɑɡ.ɹə.fi/ /haɪˈdɹɒɡ.ɹə.fi/ n
hydrografia
Measurement and description of navigable waters

hydrolase /ˈhaɪdɹəleɪz/ n
hydrolaza

hydrological adj
hydrologiczny
pertaining to hydrology

hydrology n
hydrologia
science related to water

hydrolysis /haɪˈdɹɑləsəs/ /haɪˈdɹɒlɪsɪs/ n
hydroliza
a chemical process of decomposition

hydrometeorology n
hydrometeorologia
the branch of meteorology

hydronym /ˈhaɪdɹənɪm/ /ˈhʌɪdɹənɪm/ n
hydronim
name of a body of water

hydrophilic adj
hydrofilowy
having an affinity for water

hydrophobe n
hydrofob
hydrophobic compound or material

hydrophobia /ˌhaɪ.dɹəˈfoʊ.bɪ.ə/ /ˌhʌɪ.dɹə(ʊ)ˈfəʊ.bɪ.ə/ n
wodowstręt
fear of water
rabies

hydrophobic /haɪdɹəˈfəʊbɪk/ adj
hydrofobowy
lacking an affinity for water

hydrophyte /ˈhaɪdɹəfaɪt/ n
hydrofit
plant that lives in or requires an abundance of water

hydrophytology n
hydrofitologia
the branch of botany that deals with water plants

hydropower n
energia wodna
hydroelectric power

hydrosphere n
hydrosfera
waters of the Earth

hydrostatic /ˌhaɪdɹəʊˈstætɪk/ adj
hydrostatyczny
of or relating to hydrostatics

hydrostatic equilibrium n
równowaga hydrostatyczna
astronomy

hydrotherapy n
hydroterapia wodolecznictwo
technique that uses water for the treatment of disease

hydrous /ˈhaɪdɹəs/ adj
wodny
containing combined water

hydroxide /haɪ.ˈdɹɒks.aɪd/ n
wodorotlenek
univalent anion

hydrozoan n
stułbiopław
colonial coelenterates of the class Hydrozoa

hyena /haɪˈiːnə/ n
hiena
mammal

hygiene /haɪˈd͡ʒiːn/ /ˈhaɪˌd͡ʒiːn/ n
higiena
conditions and practices that promote and preserve health

hygienic /haɪˈd͡ʒiːnɪk/ /haɪˈd͡ʒɛnɪk/ /hʌɪd͡ʒɪˈɛnɪk/ adj
higieniczny
pertaining to hygiene

hygienically adv
higienicznie
in a hygienic manner

hygro- prefix
higro-
humidity
moisture

hygrometer n
wilgotnościomierz higrometr
instrument that measures humidity

hygroscopic adj
higroskopijny
readily taking up and retaining water

hygroscopy n
higroskopijność
ability of a substance to attract and hold water

hylo- prefix
hilo- hylo-

hymen /ˈhaɪmən/ n
błona dziewicza
membrane which occludes the vagina

hymenium n
obłócznia
spore bearing surface

hymenopteran /ˌhaɪ.məˈnɑp.təɹ.ən/ /ˌhʌɪ.mɛˈnɒp.tə.ɹən/ /ˌhʌɪ.mɪˈnɒp.tə.ɹən/ n
błonkówka
insect of the order Hymenoptera

hymn /hɪm/ n
hymn
a song of praise or worship

hymnal /ˈhɪmnəl/ n
kancjonał kancjonarz
book or collection of hymns

hyoid bone n
gnyk kość gnykowa

hyper- /ˈhaɪpə(ɹ)/ /ˈhaɪpɚ/ prefix
hiper-
linked non-sequentially
hiper- nad-
excessive
existing in more than three spatial dimensions
hiper- nad- ponad-
over, above, beyond

hyperacidity n
nadkwasota nadkwaśność

hyperactive /ˈhaɪp.ə(ɹ)ˌæk.tɪv/ adj
nadpobudliwy
having an increased state of activity
having attention deficit disorder

hyperactivity n
hiperaktywność nadaktywność nadpobudliwość
Quality of being hyperactive

hyperbaton /haɪˈpɜːbətɒn/ n
hyperbaton
grammar

hyperbola /haɪˈpɚ.bə.lə/ n
hiperbola
geometric curve

hyperbole /haɪˈpɜːbəli/ /haɪˈpɝbəli/ n
hiperbola
rhetorical device

hyperbolic /ˌhaɪ.pɚˈbɔl.ɪk/ adj
hiperboliczny
pertaining to a mathematical hyperbola

hyperbolic cosine n
cosinus hiperboliczny
hyperbolic function

hyperbolic function n
funkcja hiperboliczna
type of function

hyperbolic sine n
sinus hiperboliczny
hyperbolic function

hypercapnia n
hiperkapnia
condition of having an abnormally high concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood

hypercorrect adj
hiperpoprawny
nonstandard because of a mistaken idea of standard usage

hypercorrection /ˌhaɪ.pə.kəˈɹɛk.ʃən/ /ˌhaɪ.pɚ.kəˈɹɛk.ʃən/ n
hiperpoprawność hiperkorekcja hiperkorektyzm hiperyzacja przesada poprawnościowa
nonstandard language use that results from the over-application of a perceived prescriptive rule

hypercorrectness n
hiperpoprawność
state or condition of being hypercorrect

hypercube /ˈhaɪ.pə.kjuːb/ /ˈhaɪ.pɚ.kjuːb/ n
hipersześcian
a geometric figure

hyperelliptic adj
hipereliptyczny
pertaining to a hyperellipse

hyperfixation n
obsesja

hypergamy /haɪˈpɚɡəmi/ n
hipergamia
hypergamy

hypergeometric distribution n
rozkład hipergeometryczny
probability distribution

hypergiant n
hiperolbrzym
star that is extremely massive

hyperglycemia n
hiperglikemia
unusually high concentration of sugar in the blood

hyperinflation n
hiperinflacja
inflation at a very high rate

hyperlink /ˈhaɪpə(ɹ)ˌlɪŋk/ n
hiperłącze odnośnik link łącze

hyperlink /ˈhaɪpə(ɹ)ˌlɪŋk/ v
linkować
to point to another document by a hyperlink

hypermarket n
hipermarket
combination of department store and supermarket

hypernova n
hipernowa
the gravitational collapse of a massive star to form a black hole

hypernym /ˈhaɪpənɪm/ /ˈhaɪpɚnɪm/ n
hiperonim
superordinate grouping word

hypernymic adj
hiperonimiczny

hypernymy n
hiperonimia

hyperon /ˈhaɪpəɹɒn/ n
hiperon
baryon with nonzero strangeness

hyperparasite /-ˈpɛ-/ /ˌhaɪpəˈpæɹəsaɪt/ /ˌhaɪpɚˈpæɹəsaɪt/ n
hiperparazyt hiperpasożyt
parasite whose host is a parasite

hyperplasia /ˌhaɪ.pɚ.ˈpleɪ.ʒə/ n
rozrost
increase in the size of a tissue or organ

hyperreal adj
hiperrealistyczny

hyperreal n
liczba hiperrealistyczna

hypersonic adj
hiperdźwiękowy
five times the speed of sound

hypertension /ˌhaɪ.pə(ɹ)ˈtɛn.ʃən/ /ˌhaɪ.pɚˈtɛn.ʃən/ n
nadciśnienie
abnormally high blood pressure

hypertext /ˈhaɪpəɹˌtɛkst/ n
hipertekst
uncountable: text for the Web
countable: hypertext document

hyperthermia /ˌhaɪpə(ɹ)ˈθɜː(ɹ)miə/ n
hipertermia przegrzanie
medical condition

hyperthermophile n
hipertermofil

hyperthyroidism /ˌhaɪ̯pəˈθaɪ̯ɹɔɪ̯ˌdɪzəm/ n
nadczynność tarczycy
excessive production of hormones by the thyroid
pathological condition resulting from excess thyroid hormones

hypertrophy /haɪˈpɜːtɹəfi/ /haɪˈpɝːtɹəfi/ n
przerost hipertrofia
an increase in the size of an organ due to swelling of the individual cells

hyperventilation /haɪ.pə(ɹ)ˌvɛntəˈleɪ.ʃən/ /ˌhaɪpɚˌvɛntəˈleɪʃən/ n
hiperwentylacja
the state of breathing faster

hypervolemia n
hiperwolemia
abnormal increase in the volume of blood

hypha /ˈhaɪfə/ n
strzępka
filament that forms the mycelium of a fungus

hyphen /ˈhaɪ.fən/ n
dywiz łącznik
symbol used to join words or to indicate a word has been split

hyphenation /ˌhaɪfəˈneɪʃən/ n
dzielenia wyrazów
inclusion and location of hyphens

hypnagogic /hɪpnəˈɡɒdʒɪk/ adj
hipnagogiczny
that accompanies falling asleep

hypno- /hɪpnoʊ-/ prefix
hipno-
hypnosis
sleep

hypnosis /hɪpˈnoʊsɪs/ n
hipnoza
a trancelike state

hypnotherapy n
hipnoterapia
treatment of disease through hypnotism

hypnotic /hɪpˈnɑ.tɪk/ /hɪpˈnɒ.tɪk/ [hɪp̚ˈnɑ.ɾɪk̚] adj
hipnotyczny
of or relating to hypnosis or hypnotism
nasenny
inducing sleep; soporific

hypnotic /hɪpˈnɑ.tɪk/ /hɪpˈnɒ.tɪk/ [hɪp̚ˈnɑ.ɾɪk̚] n
lek nasenny środek nasenny
a soporific substance

hypnotism /ˈhɪpnətɪzəm/ n
hipnoza
hypnotism

hypnotist /ˈhɪpnətɪst/ n
hipnotyzer
person who uses hypnotism

hypnotize /ˈhɪpnətaɪ̯z/ v
hipnotyzować
to induce somebody into a state of hypnosis

hypocapnia n
hipokapnia
state of reduced carbon dioxide in the blood

hypochlorite n
podchloryn
salt of hypochlorous acid

hypochondria n
hipochondria
psychological disorder

hypochondriac /ˌhaɪpoʊˈkɑndɹiæk/ /ˌhaɪpəʊˈkɒndɹiæk/ /ˌhaɪpəˈkɑndɹiæk/ /ˌhaɪpəˈkɒndɹiæk/ /ˌhɪpoʊˈkɒndɹiæk/ /ˌhɪpəˈkɒndɹiæk/ adj
hipochondryczny
affected by hypochondria
podżebrowy
related to the hypochondrium

hypochondriac /ˌhaɪpoʊˈkɑndɹiæk/ /ˌhaɪpəʊˈkɒndɹiæk/ /ˌhaɪpəˈkɑndɹiæk/ /ˌhaɪpəˈkɒndɹiæk/ /ˌhɪpoʊˈkɒndɹiæk/ /ˌhɪpəˈkɒndɹiæk/ n
hipochondryk hipochondryczka
person affected with hypochondria

hypochondriacal adj
hipochondryczny
suffering from hypochondria

hypochondrium n
podżebrze
upper region of the abdomen

hypocorism /haɪˈpɑkəˌɹɪzəm/ /haɪˈpɒkəˌɹɪz(ə)m/ /hɪ-/ n
hipokorystyk
term of endearment

hypocrisy /hɪˈpɑkɹəsi/ /hɪˈpɒkɹəsi/ n
hipokryzja
claim, pretense, or false representation of holding beliefs, feelings, or virtues that one does not actually possess

hypocrite /ˈhɪ.pə.kɹɪt/ n
hipokryta hipokrytka
person practising hypocrisy

hypocritical /hɪpəˈkɹɪtɪkəl/ adj
obłudny
characterized by hypocrisy or being a hypocrite

hypocycloid n
hipocykloida
locus

hypodermic /ˌhaɪpəˈdɜːmɪk/ /ˌhaɪpəˈdɝmɪk/ adj
podskórny
under the dermis

hypodermic needle n
igła podskórna
hollow needle

hypodermic syringe n
strzykawka

hypodermis n
tkanka podskórna
anatomy

hypodontia n
hipodoncja

hypogamy n
hipogamia
hypogamy

hypogastrium n
podbrzusze
area of the human abdomen residing below the umbilicus

hypoglossal /ˌhaɪ.pəˈɡlɑs.əl/ /ˌhʌɪ.pə(ʊ)ˈɡlɒs.l̩/ /ˌhʌɪ.pə(ʊ)ˈɡlɒs.əl/ adj
podjęzykowy
of or pertaining to the area under the tongue

hypoglossal nerve n
nerw podjęzykowy
the 12th cranial nerve

hypoglycemia n
hipoglikemia
low level of blood glucose

hypokalemia n
hipokaliemia

hyponym /ˈhaɪ.poʊ.nɪm/ /ˈhaɪpə.nɪm/ /ˈhaɪpəʊ.nɪm/ n
hiponim
more specific word

hyponymous adj
hiponimiczny

hyponymy n
hiponimia

hypoplasia n
hipoplazja niedorozwój
being hypoplastic

hypospadias /ˌhaɪ.pəˈspeɪ.di.əs/ /ˌhʌɪ.pəʊˈspeɪ.di.əs/ n
spodziectwo
birth defect of the male urethra

hypostasis /haɪˈpɑstəsɪs/ /haɪˈpɒstəsɪs/ n
hipostaza
essential person, the single person of Christ
inherent reality or substance

hypostyle n
hipostyl hypostyl
architecture: a building or chamber whose roof is supported on a row of columns

hypotension n
hipotonia
disease of abnormally low blood pressure

hypotenuse /haɪˈpɑtənjus/ /haɪˈpɑtənus/ /haɪˈpɒtənjuːz/ [haɪˈpɑʔənuːs] [haɪˈpɒʔn̩juːz] n
przeciwprostokątna
the side of a right triangle opposite the right angle

hypothalamus n
podwzgórze
a region of the brain, below the thalamus

hypothermia /ˌhaɪpəʊˈθɜː(ɹ)mi.ə/ /ˌhaɪpəˈθɜː(ɹ)mi.ə/ n
hipotermia wychłodzenie
low body temperature

hypothesis /-əsəs/ /-əsɪs/ /haɪˈpɑː.θə.sɪs/ /haɪˈpɒθɪsɪs/ /həˈpɒθɪsɪs/ /hɪˈpɒθɪsɪs/ n
hipoteza przypuszczenie
tentative conjecture in science
przypuszczenie hipoteza
assumption taken to be true

hypothetic adj
hipotetyczny
based on hypothesis or theory
existing as an abstract concept rather than a concrete reality

hypothetical /ˌhaɪpəˈθɛtɪkl/ adj
hipotetyczny
based upon a hypothesis

hypothetically adv
hipotetycznie
in a hypothetical way

hypothyroidism /ˌhaɪpəʊˈθaɪrɔɪˌdɪzəm/ /ˌhaɪpəˈθaɪɹɔɪˌdɪzəm/ n
niedoczynność tarczycy
disease state

hypotrochoid /ˌhaɪ.poʊˈtɹoʊ.kɔɪd/ /ˌhaɪ.pə(ʊ)ˈtɹəʊ.kɔɪd/ /ˌhaɪ.pəˈtɹoʊ.kɔɪd/ n
hipotrochoida
geometric curve

hypso- prefix
hipso-

hyrax /ˈhaɪ.ɹæks/ n
góralek
mammal of the order Hyracoidea

hysterectomy /hɪstəˈɹɛktəmi/ n
histerektomia
surgical removal of the uterus or part thereof

hysteresis n
histereza
a property of a system

hysteria /hɪˈstɛɹiə/ /hɪˈstɪɹiə/ n
histeria
behavior exhibiting excessive or uncontrollable emotion

hysterical /hɪˈstɛɹɪkəl/ adj
histeryczny
arising from hysteria

háček /ˈhæt͡ʃɛk/ /ˈhɑːt͡ʃɛk/ [ˈhat͡ʃɛk] [ˈhaːt͡ʃek] [ˈhaːt͡ʃɛk] [ˈhæt͡ʃɛk] [ˈhɐːt͡ʃek] [ˈhɑt͡ʃɛk] [ˈhɑət͡ʃɛk] [ˈhɑːt͡ʃɛk] [ˈɦɑːt͡ʃɛk] n
haczyk
háček diacritic

i.e. /ɪd ɛst/ /ˌaɪˈiː/ adv
tj. czyli tzn.
that is

iBook n
iBook
device

iPhone /ˈaɪˌfoʊ̯n/ n
iPhone
device

iPod n
iPod
device

iamb /ˈaɪəm/ /ˈaɪˌæm/ n
jamb
a metrical foot

iambic pentameter /aɪˈæmbɪk pɛnˈtæmɪtə(ɹ)/ n
pentametr jambiczny
a poetic meter

iatrogenesis /aɪˌætɹoʊˈd͡ʒɛnɪsɪs/ n
jatrogenia
any adverse effect resulting from medical treatment

ibex /ˈaɪbɛks/ n
koziorożec
type of wild mountain goat

ibid. /ˈɪbɪd/ adv
jw.
abbreviation of ibidem

ibis /ˈaɪ.bɪs/ n
ibis
Threskiornithid

ibuprofen /aɪˈbju.pɹəf.ən/ /ˌaɪ.biˈpɹoʊfən/ /ˌaɪ.bjuˈpɹoʊ.fən/ /ˌʌɪ.bjuːˈpɹəʊ.fən/ n
ibuprofen
anti-inflammatory drug

ice /aɪs/ [ʌɪs] n
lody lód
frozen dessert
lód
water in frozen form
ice hockey: area where game is played
frozen volatile chemical

ice age n
epoka lodowcowa
any of several glacial periods

ice axe n
czekan
axe used by mountaineers to cut footholds in the ice

ice cap n
czapa lodowa
permanent expanse of ice

ice climbing n
wspinaczka lodowa
activity of ascending inclined ice formations

ice core n
rdzeń lodowy
core sample removed from an ice sheet

ice cream /aɪsˈkɹiːm/ /ˈaɪs.kɹiːm/ /ˌaɪsˈkɹiːm/ n
lody
dessert
lód lód na patyku lód w rożku
in a cone

ice cream cone n
rożek
any edible container used to hold ice cream
cone filled with ice cream
conical confection for holding ice cream

ice cream maker n
maszynka do lodów
machine used to make homemade ice cream

ice cream parlor n
lodziarnia
business

ice cream vendor n
lodziarz
person who sells ice cream

ice cube n
kostka lodu
small piece of ice used for cooling drinks

ice dancing n
pary taneczne

ice hockey n
hokej na lodzie
hockey

ice hole n
przerębel
a hole in ice

ice resurfacer n
maszyna do odświeżania lodu
implement used to renew ice surface

ice rink n
lodowisko
a surface for ice skating

ice sheet n
lądolód
broad glacial mass

ice skate n
łyżwa
boot used for skating on ice

ice skating n
łyżwiarstwo
the act, or the sport, of skating on ice

ice swimming n
morsowanie
swimming in iced-over water

ice-cold /ˈaɪskəʊld/ adj
lodowaty lodowata
as cold as ice

iceberg /ˈaɪsbɜːɡ/ /ˈaɪsbɝɡ/ n
góra lodowa
huge mass of floating ice

iceberg lettuce n
sałata lodowa
vegetable

icebox /ˈʌɪsbɒks/ n
lodówka
box or compartment containing ice

icebreaker /ˈaɪsˌbɹeɪkəɹ/ n
lodołamacz
ship designed to break through ice

iced coffee n
kawa mrożona
beverage

iced tea n
herbata mrożona
cold tea

iceless /ˈaɪsləs/ adj
bezlodowy
without ice

icepick n
szpikulec
a pointed tool used for breaking ice

ichor /-kə/ /ˈaɪkɔɹ/ /ˈaɪkɔː/ /ˈɪkə/ /ˈɪkəɹ/ n
ichor
liquid said to flow in place of blood in the veins of the gods
posoka
fetid, watery discharge from a sore

ichthyol n
ichtiol
ammonium salt of bitumen sulfonate

ichthyologist n
ichtiolog
expert in ichthyology

ichthyology /ˌɪkθiˈɒləd͡ʒi/ n
ichtiologia
branch of zoology devoted to the study of fish

ichthyosaur /ˈɪkθiəsɔːɹ/ n
ichtiozaur
extinct reptile

icicle /ˈaɪ.sɪ.kl̩/ /ˈaɪs.ɪkl̩/ /ˈʌɪsəkəl/ n
sopel
a spear-shape of ice

icily /ˈaɪ.sɪ.li/ adv
lodowato
in an uncaring manner
in the manner of ice

icing /ˈaɪsɪŋ/ n
lukier
sweet glaze used for baked goods
obladzanie
process of forming a layer of ice

icing on the cake n
wisienka na torcie
something that intensifies the appreciation of something else

icky /ˈɪki/ adj
be
unpleasantly sticky; yucky; disgusting

icon /ˈaɪ.kɑn/ /ˈaɪ.kɒn/ /ˈaɪ.kən/ n
ikona
religious painting
image
ikona ikonka
small picture, computer icon
ikona symbol

iconoclasm n
ikonoklazm obrazoburstwo
belief in, participation in, or sanction of destroying religious icons

iconoclast /aɪˈkɑn.əˌklæst/ /aɪˈkɒn.əˌklæst/ n
ikonoklasta obrazoburca
one who destroys religious images or icons

iconoclastic adj
bogoburczy
pertaining to iconoclasm

iconoclasticism n
bogoburstwo

iconography n
ikonografia
set of symbolic forms

iconology /aɪkəˈnɒlədʒi/ n
ikonologia
the study of icons

iconostasis /ˌaɪkəˈnɒstəsɪs/ n
ikonostas
a wall of icons

icosagon n
dwudziestokąt
20-sided polygon

icosagonal adj
dwudziestokątny

icosahedron /ˌaɪkoʊsəˈhiːdɹən/ /ˌaɪkɒsəˈhiːdɹən/ /ˌaɪkɔsəˈhiːdɹən/ n
dwudziestościan foremny
a polyhedron

icosidigon n
22[[kąt|-okąt]]
geometry

icosidodecahedron n
32[[ściana|-ościan]]
polyhedron

icosihenagon n
21[[kąt|-okąt]]
geometry

icositetragon n
24[[kąt|-kąt]]
24-sided polygon

icositetrahedron n
dwudziestoczterościan

icositrigon n
23[[kąt|-okąt]]
23-sided polygon

icterine warbler n
zaganiacz zaganiacz zwyczajny
Hippolais icterina

icy /ˈaɪsi/ adj
lodowaty lodowy
pertaining to, resembling, or abounding in ice

id /ɪd/ n
id
id

ide /aɪd/ n
jaź
fish

idea /aɪˈdi.ə/ /aɪˈdiː/ /aɪˈdɪə/ /aɪˈdɪɹ/ /aːˈdɪɹ/ /ɑeˈdiə̯/ /ˈaɪdi/ n
idea
philosophy: abstract archetype of a given thing, compared to which real-life examples are seen as imperfect
any result of mental activity; a thought, a notion; a way of thinking
idea pomysł
an image of an object that is formed in the mind or recalled by the memory
a conception in the mind of something to be done; a plan for doing something, an intention

ideal /aɪˈdiː.əl/ /aɪˈdiːl/ /aɪˈdɪəl/ adj
idealny
being perfect
idealny ideał
being optimal
konceptualny pojęciowy
conceptual

ideal /aɪˈdiː.əl/ /aɪˈdiːl/ /aɪˈdɪəl/ n
ideał
subring closed under multiplication by containing ring
unattainable state
ideał idealny
perfect standard of beauty, intellect etc.

ideal gas n
gaz doskonały
hypothetical gas

idealism n
idealizm
an approach to philosophical enquiry
property of a person of having high ideals that are usually unrealizable
practice of giving ideal character

idealist n
idealista idealistka
(philosophy) one who adheres to idealism
someone whose conduct stems from idealism rather than from practicality
unrealistic or impractical visionary

idealistic adj
idealistyczny
of or pertaining to an idealist or to idealism

idealistically adv
idealistycznie
in an idealistic manner

idealization n
idealizacja
act or process of idealizing
study of the ideal

idealize v
idealizować wyidealizować
transitive: to regard something as ideal

idealless /aɪˈdiːəl.ləs/ adj
bezideowy

ideallessness n
bezideowość

ideally /ʌɪˈdɪəli/ adv
doskonale idealnie
preferably

idempotent /aɪ.dəmˈpoʊ.tənt/ /aɪˈdɛm.pə.tənt/ /ɪ.dəmˈpoʊ.tənt/ adj
idempotentny
mathematics: an action which, when performed multiple time, has no further effect on its subject after the first time it is performed

identical /aɪˈdɛntɪkl̩/ /ɪˈdɛntɪkl̩/ adj
identyczny jednaki jednakowy
bearing full likeness
przystający
mathematics: exactly equivalent

identically /aɪˈdɛntɪkəli/ adv
bliźniaczo identycznie jednako jednakowo
in an identical manner

identification /aɪˌdɛntɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/ /ɪˌdɛntɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/ n
dowód osobisty
a document or documents serving as evidence of a person's identity
identyfikacja
the act of identifying, or proving to be the same
feeling of support, sympathy, understanding or belonging
the state of being identified

identifier n
identyfikator
formal name used in source code to refer to a variable, function, procedure, package, etc.

identify /aɪˈdɛn.tɪ.faɪ/ /ɪˈdɛn.tɪ.faɪ/ v
identyfikować
to establish the identity of someone or something

identikit /aɪˈdɛntəkɪt/ /aɪˈdɛntɪkɪt/ n
portret pamięciowy
facial composite

identity /aɪˈdɛn(t)əti/ /aɪˈdɛn(t)ɪti/ /aɪˈdɛntɪti/ /ɑɪˈdentəti/ [aɪˈdɛnəɾi] [aɪˈdɛnɪɾi] n
tożsamość
the difference or character that marks off an individual or group from the rest
the sameness some individuals share to make up the same kind or universal
name or persona

identity card n
dowód osobisty
identity card

identity document n
dowód osobisty
document

identity matrix n
macierz jednostkowa
diagonal matrix with all diagonal elements equal to 1

ideogram /ˈaɪ.di.ə.ɡɹæm/ /ˈɪd.i.oʊ.ɡɹæm/ /ˈɪd.i.ə.ɡɹæm/ n
ideogram
symbol

ideography n
ideografia
use of ideograms

ideological /ˌaɪ.di.əˈlɑ.d͡ʒɪ.kəl/ /ˌaɪ.diː.əˈlɒd͡ʒ.ɪ.kəl/ /ˌɑɪ.diː.əˈlɔd͡ʒ.ɪ.kəl/ /ˌɪd.i.əˈlɑ.d͡ʒɪ.kəl/ adj
ideologiczny
of or pertaining to an ideology

ideologically adv
ideologicznie
in an ideological manner; with respect to ideology

ideologize v
ideologizować

ideologue /ˈaɪ.di.ə.lɑɡ/ /ˈaɪ.di.ə.lɒɡ/ /ˈɑɪ.di.ə.lɔɡ/ /ˈɪ.di.ə.lɑɡ/ n
ideolog
advocate of a particular ideology

ideology /aɪ.diˈɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/ /ɪ.diˈɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/ /ˌaɪ.diːˈɒl.ə.d͡ʒiː/ /ˌɑɪ.diːˈɔl.ə.d͡ʒiː/ n
ideologia
doctrine, body of ideas

ideophone /ˈɪ.di.(j)ə(ʊ).ˌfəʊn/ n
ideofon
sound symbolic word

ides /aɪdz/ n
idy
day in the Roman calendar

idiolect /ˈɘ.di.ɐʉ.lekt/ /ˈɪd.i.ə.lɛkt/ /ˈɪd.i.əʊ̯.lɛkt/ n
idiolekt język osobniczy mowa osobnicza
variant of a language used by a particular individual

idiom /ˈɪdi.əm/ n
idiom idiomat
idiomatic expression
mowa narzecze
language variety

idiomatic /ˌɪdi.əˈmætɪk/ adj
idiomatyczny
pertaining or conforming to the mode of expression characteristic of a language
parts or pieces of or styles of playing music
using many idioms
idiomowy
resembling or characteristic of an idiom

idiopathic /ˌɪdioʊˈpæθɪk/ adj
idiopatyczny idiopatyczna idiopatyczne
disease or condition having no known cause

idiosyncrasy /ˌɪdioʊˈsɪŋkɹəsi/ /ˌɪdiəˈsɪŋkɹəsi/ /ˌɪdɪəʊˈsɪŋkɹəsi/ /ˌɪdɪəˈsɪŋkɹəsi/ n
idiosynkrazja
(medicine) individual reaction to a generally innocuous substance
language or behaviour particular to an individual or a group
peculiarity that serves to distinguish or identify
idiosynkrazja osobliwość dziwactwo
way of behaving or thinking

idiosyncratic /-ˌsɪŋ-/ /ˌɪd.i.əʊ.sɪŋˈkræ.tɪk/ adj
specyficzny
peculiar to a specific individual

idiot /ˈɪd.i.(j)ət/ /ˈɪd.i.(j)ɪt/ n
idiota idiotka głupiec dureń głupek
person of low general intelligence

idiotic /ɪd.iˈɑt.ɪk/ /ɪd.iˈɒt.ɪk/ [ɪɾiˈɑɾɪk] adj
idiotowaty
pertaining to or resembling an idiot
idiotyczny
having the quality of idiocy

idle /ˈaɪd(ə)l/ /ˈʌɪdəl/ adj
bezczynny próżny
not engaged in any occupation or employment
leniwy
averse to work or labor

idle /ˈaɪd(ə)l/ /ˈʌɪdəl/ v
bimbać przebimbać
to lose or spend time doing nothing
to spend in idleness, to waste

idle hands are the devil's workshop proverb
próżność doprowadza do zła
One who is idle will likely come he’ll to do evil

idleness /ˈaɪdəlnəs/ n
bezczynność
state of being idle; inactivity

idly /ˈaɪd(ə)lɪ/ adv
bezczynnie
in an idle manner

idol /ˈaɪd(ə)l/ n
idol bałwan bożek modła
representation of anything revered
idol idolka
cultural icon, especially popular person

idolater /ˌaɪˈdɑlətəɹ/ n
bałwochwalca bałwochwalczyni
one who worships idols

idolatress n
bałwochwalczyni
female idolater

idolatrous adj
bałwochwalczy
engaging in excessive attachment or reverence
partaking in idolatry

idolatrously adv
bałwochwalczo

idolatry /aɪˈdɑ.lə.tɹi/ /aɪˈdɒl.ə.tɹiː/ n
bałwochwalstwo idolatria idololatria
worship of idols
bałwochwalstwo ubóstwianie
excessive admiration

idolize /ˈaɪdəlaɪz/ v
ubóstwiać ubóstwić
to make an idol of

idyll /ˈaɪ.dəl/ /ˈaɪ.dɪl/ /ˈɪd.əl/ /ˈɪd.ɪl/ n
idylla
poem or short written piece
idylla sielanka
carefree or lighthearted experience

idyllic /aɪˈdɪlɪk/ /ɪˈdɪlɪk/ adj
idylliczny
of or pertaining to idylls
idylliczny sielankowy
happy, peaceful, picturescue

idée fixe /i.deɪ fiks/ /iː.deɪ ˈfiːks/ n
idée fixe
idea dominating the mind

if /ɪf/ conjunction
czy
whether
jeśli jeżeli
(computing)
jeśli jeżeli gdyby jak
supposing that
tyle że
although; used to introduce a concession

if I do say so myself adv
nie powiem
(appended to praise of oneself)

if I were you phraseologicalUnit
na twoim miejscu
advice introduction

if I'm honest phraseologicalUnit
szczerze mówiąc
if-claused ”to be honest”

if I'm not mistaken phraseologicalUnit
jeśli się nie mylę

if and only if conjunction
wtedy i tylko wtedy
implies and is implied by

if it ain't broke, don't fix it proverb
nie szukaj dziury w całym
leave something alone

if it's all the same phraseologicalUnit
jeśli nie masz nic przeciwko
if it makes no difference

if looks could kill phraseologicalUnit
gdyby wzrok mógł zabijać
used to characterize a look of strong hostility

if memory serves phraseologicalUnit
jeśli dobrze pamiętam

if my aunt had balls, she'd be my uncle proverb
gdyby babcia miała wąsy, toby była dziadkiem
proverb

if need be adv
w razie konieczności w razie potrzeby ewentualnie jeśli trzeba jeżeli to konieczne
if necessary

if not adv
jeśli nie jeżeli nie

if not for phraseologicalUnit
gdyby nie

if only conjunction
bodaj byle jeśli by jeśliby o ile
signifies a wish or desire for the present or the future

if possible adv
o ile to możliwe w miarę możliwości

if the mountain won't come to Muhammad proverb
nie chce góra przyjść do Mahometa, musi Mahomet przyjść do góry
if one cannot get something done by commanding it

if you ask me phraseologicalUnit
moim zdaniem na moje na mój rozum po mojemu w moich oczach w moim odczuciu

if you know what I mean /ɪf ju ˌnoʊ wʌt aɪ ˈmin/ [ɪfjəˌnowʌɾaɪˈmin] phraseologicalUnit
jeśli wiesz, co mam na myśli
used to allude to something unsaid or hinted at

if you say so interjection
skoro tak mówisz
conveying the speaker does not agree

if you will adv
że tak powiem
conceding a description

iff /ɪf ən(d) ˈoʊn.li ɪf/ /ɪf ən(d) ˈəʊn.lɪ ɪf/ conjunction
wtw
abbreviation of if and only if

ifrit /ɪˈfɹiːt/ /ˈɪf.ɹɪt/ n
afryt efryt ifrit ifryt

igloo /ˈɪɡluː/ n
igloo iglu
Inuit snow house

igneous rock n
skały magmowe
one of the major groups of rock that makes up the crust of the Earth

ignite /ɪɡˈnaɪt/ v
zapalić zapalać
to set fire to, to light

ignition /ɪɡˈnɪʃən/ n
stacyjka
key receptacle for starting a vehicle
zapłon
system for activating combustion in an engine
initiation of combustion
zapłonięcie
the act of igniting

ignoble /ɪɡˈnəʊbəl/ adj
niecny
not honorable

ignominious /ɪɡnəˈmɪniəs/ adj
sromotny
marked by shame or disgrace

ignoramus /ɪɡnəˈɹeɪməs/ n
ignorant nieuk abnegat abnegatka ignorantka
totally ignorant person

ignorance /ˈɪɡ.nə.ɹəns/ /ˈɪɡ.nɚ.əns/ n
ignorancja niewiedza nieuctwo nieznajomość nieświadomość
condition of being uninformed or uneducated

ignorance is bliss proverb
niewiedza to błogosławieństwo
Ignorance is bliss

ignorant /ˈɪɡnəɹənt/ adj
ignorancki
characterized by ignorance

ignore /ɪɡˈno(ː)ɹ/ /ɪɡˈnoə/ /ɪɡˈnɔɹ/ /ɪɡˈnɔː/ v
ignorować zignorować
to deliberately pay no attention to

ignosticism n
ignostycyzm
a philosophical position

iguana /əˈɡwɑnə/ /ɪ.ɡjuˈɑːnə/ /ɪˈɡwɑnə/ /ɪˈɡwɑːnə/ n
legwan zielony legwan
a green iguana (Iguana iguana)
legwan iguana
any of several members of the lizard family Iguanidae
any member of the genus Iguana

ikebana n
ikebana
Japanese art of flower arrangement

ikra /iˈkɹɑː/ n
ikra
red caviar

ileum n
jelito kręte
last division of small intestine

ileus /ˈɪliəs/ n
niedrożność jelit
obstruction of the intestines

iliac adj
biodrowy

ill /ɪl/ adj
chory
in poor health, suffering from a disease

ill /ɪl/ adv
źle
not well

ill /ɪl/ n
krzywda
something damaging
problem
a problem

ill will n
ansa
ill-disposed attitude

ill-advised adj
nierozsądny nieroztropny nierozważny
carried out without wise counsel

ill-gotten gains never prosper proverb
kradzione nie tuczy

illative case n
illativus
case used to indicate movement into something

illegal /ɪˈli.ɡəl/ /ɪˈliːɡəl/ [ɪɫˈli.ɡəɫ] adj
nielegalny
contrary to or forbidden by law

illegality n
bezprawność nielegalność
(law) the state of being illegal

illegally /ɪˈliːɡəli/ adv
nielegalnie bezprawnie
in a manner contrary to the law

illegible /ɪˈlɛd͡ʒəbəl/ adj
nieczytelny
not clear enough to be read

illegitimate /ɘlɘˈdʒɘtɘmeɪt/ /ɘlɘˈdʒɘtɘmɘt/ /ɪlɪˈd͡ʒɪtɪmeɪt/ /ɪlɪˈd͡ʒɪtɪmət/ [ɪlɨˈd͡ʒɪɾəmeɪt] [ɪlɨˈd͡ʒɪɾəmɨt] adj
nielegalny
against the law
nieślubny
born to unmarried parents

illicit /ɪˈlɪsɪt/ adj
niedozwolony
lacking licitness

illiquid /ɪˈlɪkwɪd/ adj
niepłynny
lacking liquidity

illiteracy /ɪˈlɪtəɹəsi/ /ɪˈlɪt͡ʃɹəsi/ n
analfabetyzm niepiśmienność
inability to read and write

illiterate /ɪˈlɪtəɹət/ /ɪˈlɪtɹət/ adj
analfabeta analfabetka
having less than an expected standard of familiarity with language and literature
niepiśmienny niegramotny
unable to read and write

illiterate /ɪˈlɪtəɹət/ /ɪˈlɪtɹət/ n
analfabeta analfabetka
an illiterate person

illness /ˈɪl.nəs/ n
choroba
an instance of a disease or poor health

illogical adj
nielogiczny
contrary to logic; lacking sense or sound reasoning

illogically adv
nielogicznie
in an illogical manner

illuminate /ɪˈl(j)uməneɪt/ /ɪˈl(j)umɪneɪt/ /ɪˈl(j)umɪnət/ v
iluminować oświetlać
to shine light on something

illusion /ɪˈl(j)uːzj(ə)n/ /ɪˈl(j)uːʒ(ə)n/ [ɪˈluː.ʒən] n
iluzja złudzenie
belief in something that is in fact not true
magician's trick
złudzenie iluzja ułuda
anything that seems to be something that it is not

illusionist n
iluzjonista iluzjonistka
one who works with illusion or sleight of hand

illusorily adv
iluzorycznie
nn an illusory fashion

illusory /ɪˈluːs(ə)ɹi/ /ɪˈluːz(ə)ɹi/ adj
iluzoryczny
illusory

illustrate /ɪˈlasˌtɹæɪt/ /ɪˈlʌsˌtɹeɪt/ /ˈɪl.jəˌstɹeɪt/ /ˈɪl.jʊˌstɹeɪt/ /ˈɪl.əˌstɹeɪt/ /ˈɪl.əˌstɹæɪt/ v
obrazować zobrazować
to clarify by giving as an example

illustration /ˌɪl.əˈstɹeɪ.ʃən/ n
ilustracja rycina
picture designed to decorate or eludicate

illustrious /-ˈləs-/ /ɪˈlʌs.tɹi.əs/ /ɪˈlʌs.tɹɪ.əs/ adj
wspaniały znamienity
admired, respected, or well-known

ilmenite n
ilmenit
a weakly magnetic dark gray mineral

image /ˈɪmɪd͡ʒ/ n
obraz
graphical representation
computing: file
wizerunek
characteristic as perceived by others

image sensor n
matryca

imaginary /ɪˈmæd͡ʒɪnəɹi/ /ɪˈmæd͡ʒɪnɹi/ /ɪˈmæd͡ʒɪˌnɛɹi/ adj
imaginacyjny umowny zmyślony
existing in the imagination
urojona
non-real part of a complex number

imaginary number n
liczba urojona
number of the form bi

imagination /ɪˌmæd͡ʒəˈneɪʃən/ n
urojenie
construction of false images
wyobraźnia fantazja imaginacja
image-making power of the mind
wyobrażenie
mental image

imaginative /-ənətɪv/ /ɪˈmæd͡ʒnətɪv/ /ɪˈmæd͡ʒɪnətɪv/ adj
pomysłowy
having a lively imagination

imagine /ɪˈmæ.d͡ʒɪn/ v
wyobrażać wyobrazić
(transitive) to form a mental image of something

imago /ɪˈmeɪɡoʊ/ /ɪˈmeɪɡəʊ/ /ɪˈmɑɡoʊ/ /ɪˈmɑːɡəʊ/ n
imago
development stage of an insect

imam /ɪˈmɑːm/ /ˈiːmɑːm/ n
imam
Muslim leader

imbalance n
brak równowagi
property of not being in balance

imbecile /ɪmbəˈsiːl/ /ˈɪmbəsəl/ /ˈɪmbəsɪl/ n
imbecyl
fool
person with limited mental capacity

imbibe /ɪmˈbaɪb/ v
pić
drink

imitate /ˈɪmɪteɪt/ v
imitować naśladować udawać
to follow as a model

imitation /ɪmɪˈteɪʃən/ n
imitacja kopia
copy
imitacja naśladownictwo imitatorstwo
act of imitating

imitative adj
odtwórczy
imitating, not original

imitator n
naśladowca imitator imitatorka naśladowczyni
one who imitates another

immaculate /ɪˈmækjələt/ /ɪˈmækjʊlət/ adj
niepokalany
having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy
niepokalanym
of the Virgin Mary or her womb: pure, undefiled

immaculateness n
niepokalaność
characteristic of being immaculate

immanent /ˈɪmənənt/ adj
immanentny
part of something; inherent

immature /ɪməˈtjʊə(ɹ)/ /ɪməˈt͡ʃə(ɹ)/ /ɪməˈt͡ʃʊə(ɹ)/ adj
niedojrzały
childish
not fully formed

immaturity /ɪməˈt͡ʃʊɹɪti/ n
niedojrzałość
the state of being immature

immeasurable /ɪˈmɛʒəɹəbəl/ /ɪˈmɛʒɹəbəl/ adj
niemierzalny
impossible to measure
niezmierzony
vast

immediacy /əˈ-/ /ɪˈmiːdi.əsi/ /ɪˈmiːd͡ʒəsi/ n
bliskość
the quality of being immediate

immediate /ɪˈmi.di.ət/ /ɪˈmi.di.ɪt/ /ɪˈmiːdɪət/ /ɪˈmiːdʒət/ adj
natychmiastowy bezzwłoczny niezwłoczny bezpośredni doraźny momentalny
without delay

immediately /əˈmiːdi.ətli/ /əˈmiːdʒətli/ /ɪˈmiːdi.ətli/ /ɪˈmiːdʒətli/ adv
natychmiast bezzwłocznie niezwłocznie zaraz bezpośrednio doraźnie
in an immediate manner

immense /ɪˈmɛns/ adj
ogromny niezmierny przeogromny
huge, gigantic, very large

immensely /ɪˈmɛnsli/ adv
bezbrzeżnie niezmiernie
hugely; extremely; vastly

immerse /ɪˈmɜːs/ /ɪˈmɝs/ v
zanurzać zanurzyć
to put under the surface of a liquid

immersion heater n
grzałka
a device for supplying domestic hot water

immigrant /ˈɪmɪɡɹənt/ n
imigrant imigrantka
person who comes to a country to settle

immigrate /ˈɪmɪɡɹeɪt/ v
imigrować
to move into a foreign country or area

immigration /ɪmɪˈɡɹeɪʃn/ /ˌɪmɪˈɡɹeɪʃən/ n
imigracja
the act of immigrating

imminent /ˈɪmənənt/ /ˈɪmɪnənt/ adj
bliski nadciągający
about to happen, occur, or take place very soon

immobile /ɪˈmoʊ.bəl/ /ɪˈmɒ.bɪl/ /ɪˈməʊ.baɪl/ n
nieruchomy
not mobile

immobility n
bezruch
the quality of not moving

immobilization n
unieruchamianie unieruchomienie
the act or process of preventing a thing from moving

immobilize v
unieruchomić unieruchamiać
render motionless

immodest /ɪˈmɑdəst/ adj
bezpruderyjny nieskromny
lacking modesty

immodestly adv
bezpruderyjnie
in an immodest manner

immodesty n
bezpruderyjność
state of being immodest

immoral /ɪˈmɒɹəl/ /ɪˈmɔɹəl/ adj
niemoralny
not moral

immoralism /ɪˈmɒɹəˌlɪzəm/ n
immoralizm
rejection of moral principles

immoralist /ɪˈmɒɹəˌlɪst/ n
immoralista immoralistka
an advocate of immorality

immortal /ɪˈmɔɹtəl/ /ɪˈmɔːtəl/ adj
nieśmiertelny
not susceptible to death

immortalise /ɪ.ˈmɔː(ɹ).tə.ˌlaɪz/ v
unieśmiertelniać unieśmiertelnić upamiętniać upamiętnić utrwalać utrwalić
to make eternally famous

immortality /ˌɪmɔːɹˈtæləti/ /ˌɪmɔːˈtæləti/ n
nieśmiertelność
condition of not being susceptible to death

immune system n
układ odpornościowy
system that protects the body from foreign material and organisms

immunity /ɪˈmjuːnəti/ n
immunitet
exemption from legal prosecution
odporność
resistance to a specific thing
odporność immunitet
the quality of being resistant to infection

immunization n
immunizacja
process of immunization

immunize v
uodparniać uodpornić
to inoculate someone, as thus produce immunity from a disease
to make someone or something immune to something

immunobiological adj
immunobiologiczny

immunobiology n
immunobiologia

immunological adj
immunologiczny
of or relating to immunology

immunologist n
immunolog
person who studies immunology

immunology n
immunologia
branch of medicine

immunopathology n
immunopatologia
the branch of immunology that studies the relation of the immune system to disease

immunosuppressive adj
immunosupresyjny
capable of immunosuppression

immure /ɪˈmjʊə(ɹ)/ v
zamurować zamurowywać
to lock up behind walls

immurement n
uwięzienie
capital punishment by entombing for life

immutability n
niezmienność
The state or quality of being immutable

immutable adj
niezmienny
unable to be changed without exception

imp /ɪmp/ n
ananas ancymon baciar diablica filut gagatek
mischievous child
chochlik diabełek diablę
small, mischievous sprite or a malevolent supernatural creature

impact /ɪmˈpækt/ /ˈɪmpækt/ n
impakt zderzenie
a collision
uderzenie
the force or energy of a collision of two objects
wpływ impakt
a significant or strong influence

impact /ɪmˈpækt/ /ˈɪmpækt/ v
uderzać zderzać
to collide or strike
wpływać
to influence
ściskać
to compress

impala /ɪmˈpɑːlə/ n
impala
African antelope

impale /ɪmˈpeɪl/ v
nabijać na pal nabić na pal nadziać na pal nadziewać na pal wbijać na pal wbić na pal
put to death by piercing with a pale

impalement n
nabicie na pal nabijanie na pal nawlekanie na pal
act of torturing

impart /ɪmˈpɑɹt/ /ɪmˈpɑːt/ v
dzielić się
communicate the knowledge of

impartial /ɪmˈpɑɹ.ʃəl/ adj
bezstronny
treating all parties, rivals or disputants equally

impartiality n
bezstronność
the quality of being impartial; fairness

impartially adv
bezstronnie
in an impartial manner

impassable adj
nieprzejezdny nieprzekraczalny
incapable of being passed over, crossed, or negotiated

impasse /æmˈpɑːs/ /ɪmˈpæs/ /ɪmˈpɑːs/ /ˈæmpɑːs/ /ˈɪmpæs/ /ˈɪmpɑːs/ n
impas matnia zastój ślepa uliczka
deadlock or stalemate situation

impatience /ɪmˈpeɪʃəns/ n
niecierpliwość brak cierpliwości
quality of being impatient

impatient /ɪmˈpeɪʃənt/ adj
niecierpliwy
restless and intolerant of delays
anxious and eager

impeachment /ɪmˈpiːt͡ʃ.mənt/ n
impeachment
act of impeaching or charging a public official with misconduct
state of being impeached

impeccability n
nienaganność
the property of being impeccable

impeccably /ɪmˈpɛk.ə.bli/ adv
nieskazitelnie
in a perfect or flawless manner

impecunious /ˌɪm.pəˈkjuː.ni.əs/ /ˌɪm.pɪˈkjuː.ni.əs/ adj
ubogi
lacking money

impedance /ɪmˈpiːdn̩s/ n
impedancja
physics, measure of opposition to flow of current

impedance coil n
cewka cewka indukcyjna zwojnica
a coil of wire designed to provide impedance in an electric circuit

impediment /ɪmˈpɛdɪmənt/ n
przeszkoda trudność utrudnienie zawada
hindrance; that which impedes progress

impeller n
wirnik
component

imperative /ɪmˈpɛɹ.ə.tɪv/ adj
arcyważny
essential
rozkazujący
grammar: of, or relating to the imperative mood

imperative /ɪmˈpɛɹ.ə.tɪv/ n
imperativus imperatiwus rozkaźnik
verb in imperative

imperative mood n
tryb rozkazujący imperativus imperatiwus rozkaźnik
imperative mood

imperceptibly adv
niezauważalnie
not noticeably

imperfect /ɪmpə(ɹ)ˈfɛkt/ /ɪmˈpɜː(ɹ)fɛkt/ /ɪmˈpɜː(ɹ)fɪkt/ adj
niedoskonały
not perfect

imperfection /ɪmpɚˈfɛkʃən/ n
niedoskonałość
something that makes something else less than perfect
state of being imperfect

imperfective adj
niedokonany
related to the imperfective aspect

imperfective aspect n
aspekt niedokonany
feature of a verb

imperial /ɪmˈpɪə.ɹi.əl/ /ɪmˈpɪɹ.i.əl/ adj
cesarski imperialny
related to an empire
imperialny
related to the British measurement system

imperialist /ɪmˈpɪəɹiəlɪst/ adj
imperialistyczny
of or relating to imperialism

imperialist /ɪmˈpɪəɹiəlɪst/ n
imperialista imperialistka
advocate of imperialism

imperishable adj
nieginący niezniszczalny
not perishable

impersonal /ɪmˈpɜː.sn̩.ɫ̩/ /ɪmˈpɝsənəl/ adj
bezosobowy
grammar
not representing a person
bezosobowy bezduszny
lacking warmth or emotion

impersonally adv
bezosobowo
in an impersonal manner

impersonalness n
bezduszność bezosobowość

impertinence /ɪm.ˈpɜː.tɪ.nəns/ /ɪm.ˈpɝ.tɪ.nəns/ /ɪm.ˈpɝt.nəns/ n
arogancja bezczelność bezwstydność hucpiarstwo impertynenckość zuchwalstwo
insolence

impertinent /ɪm.ˈpɜː.tɪ.nənt/ /ɪm.ˈpɝ.tɪ.nənt/ /ɪm.ˈpɝt.nənt/ adj
impertynencki bezczelny arogancki bezwstydny hucpiarski rozpanoszony
insolent, ill-mannered
niemający związku niestosowny
irrelevant

impertinently adv
impertynencko
in an impertinent manner

imperturbable /ˌɪmpəˈtɜːbəbəl/ /ˌɪmpɚˈtɝbəbəl/ adj
niewzruszony
not easily perturbed

imperviousness n
nieprzepuszczalność
the ability to prevent any penetration

impetigo /ɪmpəˈtaɪɡoʊ/ /ɪmpɪˈtaɪɡəʊ/ n
liszajec
contagious bacterial skin disease

impetuous /imˈpɛt͡ʃuəs/ adj
impulsywny porywczy zapalczywy
describing one who makes arbitrary decisions

implacability n
nieugiętość
the quality or state of being implacable

implacable /-ˈpleɪ-/ /ɪmˈplækəb(ə)l/ /ɪmˈplækəbəl/ adj
nieubłagany
not able to be placated or appeased

implant /ɪmˈplænt/ /ɪmˈplɑːnt/ /ˈɪmplɑːnt/ /ˈɪmˌplænt/ n
implant wszczep
anything surgically implanted in the body

implant /ɪmˈplænt/ /ɪmˈplɑːnt/ /ˈɪmplɑːnt/ /ˈɪmˌplænt/ v
wszczepiać wszczepić
insert (something) surgically into the body

implantable adj
wszczepialny
Capable of being implanted

implantation /ɪmplɑːnˈteɪʃ(ə)n/ n
implantacja wszczepienie
surgery: act of inserting an implant

implausibility n
nieprawdopodobność
lack of plausibility

implement /ˈɪmpləmənt/ /ˈɪmpləmɛnt/ n
narzędzie
a tool

implement /ˈɪmpləmənt/ /ˈɪmpləmɛnt/ v
wprowadzić w życie zrealizować
bring about

implementation /ˌɪmpləmənˈteɪʃən/ /ˌɪmpləmɛnˈteɪʃən/ /ˌɪmplɪmənˈteɪʃn/ n
implementacja
process of moving an idea from concept to reality
result of implementing something

implicit /ɪmˈplɪsɪt/ adj
absolutny bezwarunkowy
unquestioning or unconditional
domniemany domyślny niejawny
implied indirectly

implicitly adv
bezwarunkowo
in an implicit or implied manner

implicitness n
bezwarunkowość

implied /ɪmˈplaɪd/ adj
dorozumiany nie wprost
suggested without being stated directly

implode v
implodować
to collapse or burst inward violently

imploringly adv
błagająco błagalnie

implosion /ɪmˈpləʊʒən/ n
implozja
action of imploding

imply /ɪmˈplaɪ/ v
pociągać (za sobą)
to have as a consequence
sugerować
to express suggestively rather than as a direct statement

impolite /ɪmpəˈlaɪt/ adj
nieuprzejmy chamski grubiański
not polite

import /ɪmˈpo(ː)ɹt/ /ɪmˈpoət/ /ɪmˈpɔɹt/ /ɪmˈpɔːt/ /ˈɪm.po(ː)ɹt/ /ˈɪm.poət/ /ˈɪm.pɔɹt/ /ˈɪm.pɔːt/ n
import
something brought in from a foreign country
import przywóz
practice of importing

import /ɪmˈpo(ː)ɹt/ /ɪmˈpoət/ /ɪmˈpɔɹt/ /ɪmˈpɔːt/ /ˈɪm.po(ː)ɹt/ /ˈɪm.poət/ /ˈɪm.pɔɹt/ /ˈɪm.pɔːt/ v
importować zaimportować
to load files into a computer from another source
importować zaimportować zapożyczać zapożyczyć
to bring in from a foreign country

importance /ɪmˈpɔɹtəns/ /ɪmˈpɔːtəns/ [-ʔn̩s] n
doniosłość ważność
quality or condition of being important or worthy of note

important /ɪm.ˈpo(ː)ɹ.tənt/ /ɪm.ˈpoə.tənt/ /ɪm.ˈpɔɹ.dənt/ /ɪm.ˈpɔɹ.tənt/ /ɪm.ˈpɔː.tənt/ [ɪmˈpʰɔɹʔn̩t] [ɪmˈpʰɔːtənt̚] [ɪmˈpʰɔːʔn̩ʔ] adj
ważny
having relevant and crucial value

importer /ɪmˈpɔː(ɹ)tə(ɹ)/ n
importer
a person or company who imports goods into a country

impossibility /ɪmˌpɑsɪˈbɪliti/ /ɪmˌpɒsɪˈbɪliti/ n
niemożliwość
something that is impossible
niemożliwość niemożność
quality of being impossible

impossible /ɪmˈpɑ.sə.bl̩/ /ɪmˈpɒs.ə.bəl/ /ɪmˈpɒs.ɪ.bəl/ adj
niemożliwy
not able to be done
never happening
very difficult to deal with

impost /ˈɪmpoʊst/ /ˈɪmpəʊst/ n
podatek
tax

impostor /ɪmˈpɑstɚ/ /ɪmˈpɒstə/ n
hochsztapler impostor samozwaniec
someone who uses an assumed identity

impostor syndrome /-dɹəm/ /ɪmˈpɑstɚ ˈsɪndɹoʊm/ /ɪmˈpɒstə ˈsɪndɹəʊm/ n
syndrom oszusta
psychological phenomenon in which a person is unable to internalize accomplishments

impotence /ˈɪmpətəns/ n
impotencja bezsilność bezsiła
powerlessness
impotencja niemoc płciowa
erectile dysfunction

impoverish /ɪmˈpɒv(ə)rɪʃ/ v
zubożyć
to make poor

impractical /ɪmˈpɹæktɪkəl/ adj
niepraktyczny
not practical

imprecate /ˈɪmpɹəkeɪt/ v
przeklinać przekląć
to invoke evil upon
przekląć złorzeczyć
to call down by prayer

imprecation /ˌɪm.pɹəˈkeɪ.ʃən/ /ˌɪm.pɹɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/ n
pomstowanie złorzeczenie
act of imprecating, or invoking evil upon someone

imprecise /ɪmpɹəˈsaɪs/ /ɪmpɹɪˈsaɪs/ adj
niedokładny nieprecyzyjny nieścisły
not precise or exact

imprecisely adv
nieprecyzyjnie nieściśle
in an imprecise manner

impregnate /ɪmˈpɹɛɡneɪt/ v
impregnować nasycać nasycić zaimpregnować
to saturate, to infuse
zapładniać zapłodnić
to cause to become pregnant

impregnation /ɪmpɹɛɡˈneɪʃən/ n
impregnacja
fact or process of saturating with something
zapłodnienie
act of making pregnant

impresario /ˌɪmprɪˈsɑːrɪəʊ/ n
agent agentka
a manager or producer in the entertainment industry

imprescriptibility n
nieprzedawnialność

impressed /ɪmˈpɹɛst/ adj
pod wrażeniem
strongly affected, especially favourably

impression /ɪmˈpɹɛʃən/ n
imitacja
impersonation
impresja
vague recalling
odcisk
indentation or depression made by pressure
wrażenie
overall effect of something
outward appearance

impressionism n
impresjonizm
movement in art
music: style
poetry: style

impressionist n
impresjonista impresjonistka
One who adheres to impressionism

impressionistic adj
impresjonistyczny
relating to impressionism

impressive /ɪmˈpɹɛsɪv/ adj
imponujący
making, or tending to make, an impression; having power to impress

impressively adv
imponująco
in an impressive manner

imprint /ˈɪm.pɹɪnt/ n
impressum
the name and details of a publisher or printer, as printed in a book etc

imprison /ɪmˈpɹɪzən/ v
uwięzić więzić
put in prison

imprisonment /ɪmˈpɹɪzn̩.mənt/ n
osądzenie pozbawienie wolności uwięzienie
confinement

improbable /ɪmˈpɹɑbəbl̩/ /ɪmˈpɹɒbəbl̩/ adj
nieprawdopododny
not likely to be true

improgressive adj
niepostępowy

improgressively adv
niepostępowo

improgressiveness n
niepostępowość

impromptu /ɪmˈpɹɑmpt(j)u/ /ɪmˈpɹɒmptju/ adj
improwizowany spontaniczny
improvised

improper fraction n
ułamek niewłaściwy
arithmetic: a vulgar fraction

improve /ɪmˈpɹuːv/ v
polepszyć ulepszać polepszać poprawiać poprawić ulepszyć
to make something better
poprawiać poprawić
to become better

improvement /ɪmˈpɹuːvmənt/ n
polepszenie poprawa ulepszenie
act of improving

improvisational adj
improwizacyjny
having the nature of an improvisation

improvise /ˈɪmpɹəvaɪz/ v
improwizować zaimprowizować
to make something up as one goes on

improvised explosive device n
fugas
explosive weapon

impudence /ˈɪmpjudəns/ /ˈɪmpjədəns/ n
bezczelność zuchwalstwo zuchwałość arogancja bezwstydność hucpiarstwo
quality of being impudent
impudent language, conduct or behavior

impudent /ˈɪmpjədn̩t/ /ˈɪmpjʊdənt/ adj
bezczelny bezwstydny arogancki impertynencki hucpiarski rozpanoszony
not showing due respect

impulse /ˈɪmpʌls/ n
impuls
sudden force that impels

impunity /ɪmˈpjuːnɪti/ n
bezkarność
exemption from punishment
freedom from punishment or retribution; security from any reprisal or injurious consequences of an action, behaviour etc.

impure /ɪmˈpjʊə(ɹ)/ adj
nieczysty
not pure

impurity /ɪmˈpjuɹɪti/ /ɪmˈpjɝɪti/ n
nieczystość
the condition of being impure

impute /ɪmˈpjuːt/ v
imputować przypisać
to attribute to a cause or source
przypisać
to attribute or credit to
przypisać imputować
to ascribe sin or righteousness

imputrescible adj
nierozkładający się

in /ɘn/ /ən/ /ɪn/ adj
na czasie
in fashion, popular
nadchodzący przybywający przychodzący
incoming

in /ɘn/ /ən/ /ɪn/ preposition
do
into, towards
w
part, member of
w po
indicating language, script, or tone
w we
contained by

in a flash
w lot
very quickly

in a huff
nabzdyczony
to be in a state of anger, or upset

in a manner of speaking
niejako poniekąd
as it were, figuratively speaking, in a manner, in a way, in a certain respect

in a nutshell adv
w pigułce
in summary

in a pinch
w ostateczności
in a difficult situation

in a row
pod rząd z rzędu
successively

in a way
niejako poniekąd w pewnym sensie
to a certain degree, or in a certain sense

in a word
jednym słowem
briefly, concisely

in abundance adv
w bród

in accordance with preposition
zgodnie z

in addition adv
ponadto
also; as well

in agreement
w zgodzie z
thinking the same way

in all one's glory phraseologicalUnit
w całej okazałości
naked
w całej okazałości w pełnej krasie
literally

in all probability adv
najprawdopodobniej
very probably

in all weathers adv
niezależnie od pogody

in and of itself
sam w sobie

in any case
w każdym razie tak czy owak bądź co bądź tak czy inaczej tak czy siak
at any rate

in any event
tak czy owak
at any rate

in articulo mortis /ˌɪnɑːˌtɪkjʊləʊˈmɔːtɪs/ adv
w obliczu śmierci
at the moment of death

in bed
w łóżku
in terms of sexual prowess

in between preposition
pomiędzy
between
in the space between

in brackets /ɪn ˈbɹækɪts/
w nawiasach
between parentheses

in broad daylight
w biały dzień
in ample natural illumination
in blatant and visible manner

in case /ɪn ˈkeɪs/ conjunction
na wypadek w przypadku w razie
Because event X might occur

in case of preposition
w razie
in the event of

in charge adj
odpowiedzialny
having responsibility
u władzy
having power

in cold blood
z zimną krwią
in a ruthless and unfeeling manner

in conscience adv
z czystym sumieniem
in fairness; by all that is right and fair

in detail adv
szczegółowo
with all particulars

in droves
od groma
to excess

in due course
we właściwym czasie
when the time is right

in due time /ɪn djuː taɪm/ /ɪn du taɪm/ /ɪn dʒuː taɪm/
w swoim czasie
eventually

in effect adj
aktualny obowiązuje w mocy ważny

in effect adv
faktycznie w istocie w praktyce w rzeczywistości
for all practical purposes

in every sense of the word adv
w całym tego słowa znaczeniu

in exchange adv
w zamian
as an exchange

in fact
tak naprawdę w istocie
actually, in truth

in fairness
gwoli sprawiedliwości
for the sake of balance

in favor of preposition
na korzyść na rzecz
for the benefit of
na rzecz
out of preference for
za
in support of

in flight
w locie
flying, making a flight

in front of preposition
przed
at or near the front part of
located before (something else)
przy w obecności w obliczu
in the presence of someone

in general adv
w ogóle
in the general case

in good hands
w dobrych rękach
under guidance

in heat
w rui

in heaven's name
na miłość boską
intensifier

in honour of preposition
ku czci na cześć

in jest /ɪn.dʒɛst/
w żartach
as a joke

in keeping with preposition
zgodnie z
in accordance with

in kind adv
tak samo
in a reciprocal manner
w naturze
with goods or services

in layman's terms
na chłopski rozum po ludzku z polskiego na nasze
phrased simply

in lieu of preposition
zamiast w miejsce
instead; in place of; as a substitute for

in light of preposition
w świetle
given, considering

in living memory
za ludzkiej pamięci
within extant people's recorded history

in love
zakochany
of a person or persons: enamored

in memoriam /ɪn məˈmɔɹ.i.əm/ /ɪn məˈmɔː.ɹi.əm/ adv
in memoriam ku pamięci
in memory of

in midstream
w połowie
during the execution of something

in my humble opinion
moim skromnym zdaniem
used to introduce or qualify a statement

in my opinion
moim zdaniem na moje na mój rozum po mojemu w moich oczach w moim odczuciu
according to me

in no small measure adv
w niemałej mierze w niemałym stopniu
to a very great extent

in no time
migiem w mgnieniu oka
very soon

in one piece
cały i zdrowy

in one's element
w swoim żywiole
in a suitable environment

in one's opinion
w mojej opinii

in one's own right
w sobie
as a consequence of one's own skill, qualification or state

in one's right mind
o zdrowych zmysłach przy zdrowych zmysłach
sane

in order for phraseologicalUnit
żeby
to indicate a possible consequence of an event or action

in order that conjunction
żeby
so that

in order to phraseologicalUnit
żeby aby w celu ażeby by coby
as a means of achieving the specified aim

in other news
z innej beczki
used to introduce an unrelated topic

in other words
innymi słowy
stated or interpreted another way

in parallel
równocześnie
at the same time
równolegle
aligned or connected side by side, instead of in series

in particular
szczególnie w szczególności
especially, individually or specifically

in person
osobiście
actually present

in place of preposition
zamiast na miejsce w miejsce
in place of

in places
gdzieniegdzie miejscami tu i ówdzie
only in some places

in plain sight
na widoku
very easy to see or notice

in practice
w praktyce
really, in effect

in print
dostępny
available for purchase from the publisher

in private
w cztery oczy na osobności sam na sam
privately

in regard to preposition
w sprawie
concerning

in relation to preposition
odnośnie do w związku z
concerning; in reference to
w porównaniu z
by comparison with, compared with

in respect of preposition
w odniesieniu do
pertaining to

in retrospect
z perspektywy czasu
as can be seen now but was not seen at the outset

in return
w zamian
in exchange, as a means of reciprocating

in series
szeregowo
connected in a chain, instead of in parallel

in short
w kilku słowach w skrócie
as a summary

in situ /ɪnˈsiːt(j)uː/ /ɪnˈsɪt(j)uː/ adv
in situ
in its original position or place

in small doses
w małych dawkach

in someone's vocabulary phraseologicalUnit
w słowniku
a concept that (someone) would normally consider

in spite of preposition
mimo pomimo wbrew

in summary
podsumując
to summarize

in terms of preposition
pod względem
In relation to, concerning, regarding

in that case adv
w takim razie

in the absence of
z braku

in the act
na gorącym uczynku
in the process of doing something

in the arms of Morpheus /-ˈmɔɹˌfjus/ /-ˈmɔː.fjuːs/ /ɪn ði ˈaɹms əv ˈmɔɹ.fɪ.əs/ /ɪn ði ˈaːms əv ˈmɔː.fɪ.əs/
w objęciach Morfeusza
asleep, sleeping

in the bag
na bani
drunk
na bank
certain or extremely likely to occur

in the blink of an eye
w mgnieniu oka w okamgnieniu
immediately, instantaneously

in the cold light of day /ɪn‿ðə ˈkoʊld laɪt‿əv ˈdeɪ/ /ɪn‿ðə ˈkəʊld laɪt‿əv ˈdeɪ/
w świetle dnia
viewed calmly and dispassionately after allowing emotions to cool

in the dark
po ciemku
without light

in the driver's seat phraseologicalUnit
mieć kontrolę
in control

in the end
koniec końców w końcu w ostatecznym rozrachunku
eventually, finally

in the face of
w obliczu

in the first place /ɪn ðə ˈfɜːst pleɪs/ /ɪn ðə ˈfɜːst plæɪs/ /ɪn ðə ˈfɜ˞st pleɪs/
w pierwszej kolejności
to begin with

in the flesh
we własnej osobie
with one's own body and presence

in the future
w przyszłości
at a future time

in the heat of the moment
pod wpływem chwili

in the hope of
w nadziei na

in the hope that phraseologicalUnit
w nadziei na

in the know
wtajemniczony
informed, aware

in the land of the blind, the one-eyed man is king proverb
w kraju ślepców jednooki jest królem
In the land of the blind, the one-eyed man is king

in the long run
na dłuższą metę
eventually

in the loop
na bieżąco w grupie zainteresowanych zaznajomiony
informed

in the making
w trakcie tworzenia
in the process of being made

in the middle of preposition
w trakcie
engaged in but not finished with

in the midst of
w środku
in the middle of; amidst, amongst

in the moment
chwilą

in the name of
w imieniu
by the authority of
under the name of
with appeal to
w imię
under the excuse of

in the name of the law
w imieniu prawa

in the nature of things
w gruncie rzeczy

in the neighbourhood of
w sąsiedztwie

in the nick of time
w samą porę
at the last possible moment

in the offing
na horyzoncie
in the foreseeable future; on the horizon

in the open
pod gołym niebem
outdoors

in the palm of one's hand
mieć w garści
to have full control over someone

in the past
w przeszłości
at a past time

in the pay of
na usługi

in the person of
w osobie

in the presence of
w obecności

in the process adv
w rezultacie

in the process of preposition
w trakcie
engaged in but not finished with

in the same boat adj
na tym samym wózku
in the same situation

in the space of preposition
na przestrzeni w ciągu

in the spotlight
na świeczniku

in the wake of preposition
na skutek w wyniku
as a result of
po w następstwie w wyniku w ślad za
following

in the way
na przeszkodzie
obstructing

in theory
w teorii

in three days adv
popojutrze

in time
na czas o czasie
at or before the time assigned
w rytmie
in rhythm
w sam czas w samą porę
sufficiently early (for something)
z czasem
as time passes

in total
w całości
including all aspects of something

in touch
na bieżąco w kontakcie
in contact, or in communication

in turn
z kolei
having a relationship sequentially comparable to one just mentioned
in response, in return
one after the other; successively

in two shakes adv
w mgnieniu oka
very quickly

in unison
unisono
moving or acting at the same time

in vain adv
daremnie na próżno bezskutecznie darmo
without success
nadaremno
disrespectful manner

in view of preposition
z racji z uwagi na
considering

in weal and woe /ɪn ˌwil‿n̩ ˈwoʊ/ /ɪn ˌwiːl‿n̩ ˈwəʊ/
na dobre i na złe
in both prosperity and adversity

in wine, there is truth proverb
w winie prawda
one tells the truth under the influence of alcohol

in witness whereof phraseologicalUnit
na dowód

in writing
na piśmie
via a written message

in- prefix
nie-
reversal of meaning

in-between adj
leżący pomiędzy
Lying between

in-depth adj
dogłębny
thorough, comprehensive

in-kind adj
rzeczowy w drodze aportu
consisting of goods or commodities

in-line engine n
silnik rzędowy
engine with all cylinders in one row

inability /ˌɪnəˈbɪlɪti/ n
niemożność nieumiejętność niezdolność
lack of the ability to do something; incapability

inaccessible /ˌɪnəkˈsɛsɪbl̩/ adj
niedostępny nieosiągalny
not able to be accessed; out of reach; inconvenient

inaction /ɪnˈækʃən/ n
bezczynność
lack of action or activity

inactivation n
dezaktywacja dezaktywizacja
process of rendering something inactive

inactive /ɪnˈæktɪv/ adj
bezczynny nieaktywny
not active, temporarily or permanently
bierny
relatively inert
bierny obojętny
in chemistry, not readily reacting with other elements or compounds
zepsuty
not functioning or operating; broken down

inactively adv
bezczynnie
in an inactive manner

inactivity n
bezczynność
quality of being inactive

inadequate /ɪnˈædəkwɪt/ adj
na złym poziomie nie na poziomie niedostateczny niewystarczający
Not adequate

inadequately adv
nieadekwatnie niedostatecznie
in an inadequate manner

inadmissibility n
niedopuszczalność
the state of being inadmissible

inadmissible adj
niedopuszczalny
not admissible

inaesthetic adj
aestetyczny nieestetyczny

inaesthetically adv
aestetycznie nieestetycznie

inalienable /ɪˈneɪ.li.ə.nə.bəl/ /ɪˈneɪ.lɪ.ə.nə.bəl/ adj
niezbywalny
incapable of being alienated, surrendered, or transferred to another; not alienable

inane /ɪˈneɪn/ adj
bezmyślny beztreściowy beztreściwy głupi
lacking sense or meaning

inanely adv
bezmyślnie głupio
in an inane manner

inanimate /ɪnˈænɪmət/ adj
nieżywotny
in grammar

inapplicable adj
nieodpowiedni
not applicable

inappreciability n
błahość

inappreciable /ˌɪnəˈpɹiːʃəbəl/ adj
błahy
insignificant, undetectable

inappreciably adv
błaho

inappropriate /ˌɪnəˈpɹoʊpɹi.ət/ /ˌɪnəˈpɹəʊpɹi.ət/ adj
nieodpowiedni niewłaściwy
not appropriate or suitable

inasmuch as conjunction
o ile
to the extent that

inattention n
niedbałość nieuwaga
want of attention

inattentive /ˌɪn.ə.ˈtɛn.tɪv/ adj
nieuważny
not paying attention

inattentiveness n
nieuwaga nieuważność
property of being inattentive

inaudible adj
niesłyszalny
unable to be heard

inauguration /ɪnɔːɡ(j)ʊˈɹeɪʃən/ n
inauguracja
act of inaugurating

inbox /ˈɪmbɑks/ /ˈɪmbɒks/ /ˈɪnbɑks/ /ˈɪnbɒks/ n
skrzynka odbiorcza
electronic folder

inbred /ˈɪnˌbɹɛd/ /ˌɪnˈbɹɛd/ adj
chowu wsobnego
having an ancestry characterized by inbreeding

inbreeding n
chów wsobny
breeding between members of small population

incalculable /ɪn.kæl.kjə.lə.bl/ [ɪnˈkʰæɫ.kjəˌlə.bl̩] adj
nieobliczalny
of a person's mood or character: impossible to predict
very great or numerous

incandescence /ˌɪn.kænˈdɛs.əns/ /ˌɪn.kənˈdɛs.əns/ n
żarzenie
emission of visible light by a hot body

incandescent lamp n
lampa żarowa żarówka
a type of lamp

incantation /ɪnkænˈteɪʃən/ n
inkantacja
process

incapable /ɪnˈkeɪpəbl̩/ /ɪŋˈkeɪpəbl̩/ adj
niezdolny
not being capable

incapacitate /ˌɪn.kəˈpæ.sɪ.teɪt/ v
ubezwłasnowalniać ubezwłasnowolnić
to deprive of one's legal capacity

incapacitation /ˌɪn.kəˌpæs.ɪˈteɪ.ʃən/ n
ubezwłasnowolnienie
The act of incapacitating or the state of being incapacitated

incarcerate /ɪnˈkɑɹ.səˌɹeɪt/ /ɪnˈkɑː.səˌɹeɪt/ v
uwięzić
to lock away in prison

incarceration /ɪŋˌkɑː(ɹ)səˈɹeɪʃən/ n
inkarceracja pozbawienie wolności
act of confining, or the state of being confined; imprisonment

incarnation /ˌɪŋ.kɑɹˈneɪ.ʃən/ /ˌɪŋ.kɑːˈneɪ.ʃən/ n
inkarnacja wcielenie uosobienie
incarnate being or form

incel /ˈɪnˌsɛl/ n
incel incelka
member of an online subculture unable to find a romantic or sexual partner

incendiary /ɪnˈsɛn.di.əɹ.i/ /ɪnˈsɛn.di.ɛɹ.i/ /ɪnˈsɛn.djəɹ.i/ /ɪnˈsɛn.dɪ.əɹ.i/ adj
prowokacyjny
inflammatory, emotionally charged
wichrzycielski
intentionally stirring up strife, riot, rebellion
zapalający
capable of causing fire

incendiary /ɪnˈsɛn.di.əɹ.i/ /ɪnˈsɛn.di.ɛɹ.i/ /ɪnˈsɛn.djəɹ.i/ /ɪnˈsɛn.dɪ.əɹ.i/ n
bomba zapalająca
something capable of causing fire

incense /ɪnˈsɛns/ /ˈɪnsɛns/ n
kadzidło
perfume often used in the rites of various religions

incense stick n
kadzidełko
A thin stick covered in incense

incentive /ɪnˈsɛntɪv/ n
bodziec zachęta
something that motivates
bonus premia
cash bonus

incentively adv
bodźcowo

inception /ɪnˈsɛpʃn/ /ɪnˈsɛpʃən/ n
rozpoczęcie początek
the creation or beginning of something

incessant /ɪnˈsɛs.ənt/ adj
bezustanny
without pause or stop; not ending

incessantly /ɪnˈsɛs.ənt.li/ adv
bezustannie
in a manner without pause or stop

incessantness n
bezustanność

incest /ˈɪnsɛst/ n
kazirodztwo
sexual relations between close relatives

incestuous adj
kazirodczy
pertaining to or engaging in incest

inch /ɪnt͡ʃ/ n
cal
English unit of length and traditional equivalents
włos
unspecified but very short distance

incident /ˈɪn.sɪ.dənt/ adj
padający
physics: falling on a surface
towarzyszący wynikający
arising as the result of an event

incident /ˈɪn.sɪ.dənt/ n
incydent
event causing interruption or crisis
(minor) event incidental to others
incydent wydarzenie zajście
event or occurrence

incidentally adv
incydentalnie
in an incidental manner
nawiasem mówiąc
by the way

incinerate /ɪnˈsɪnjɚeɪt/ /ɪnˈsɪnəɹeɪt/ /ɪnˈsɪnəɹət/ /ɪnˈsɪnɚeɪt/ v
spalić spalać spopielać spopielić
destroy by burning

incineration n
ciałopalenie kremacja
the act of incinerating

incipient /ɪnˈsɪp.i.ənt/ adj
początkowy
beginning, starting

incision /ɪnˈsɪʒən/ n
cięcie
cut

incisionless adj
bez nacięcia

incisively /ˌɪn.ˈsaɪ.səv.li/ adv
wyraziście

incisor /ɪnˈsaɪ.zə(ɹ)/ n
siekacz
narrow-edged tooth

incite /ɪnˈsaɪt/ v
podżegać
to rouse, stir up or excite

incitement /ɪnˈsaɪt.mənt/ n
podburzanie podżeganie
a call to act; encouragement to act, often in an illegal fashion

inclination /ɪn.klɪˈneɪ.ʃən/ n
inklinacja nachylenie
geometry: angle of intersection
pochyłość
slant or slope
skłonność
mental tendency

inclined plane n
równia pochyła
simple machine

include /ɪnˈkluːd/ v
angażować dołączać dołączyć uwzględniać wkluczać zaangażować
to bring into as a part or member
zawierać zawrzeć
to contain, as part of a whole

including /ɪnˈkluːdɪŋ/ /ɪŋˈkluːdɪŋ/ preposition
w tym włącznie z
Such as, among which

inclusion /ɪnˈkluːʒən/ n
inkluzja
addition or annex to a group, set or total
inkluzja wrostek
defect in precious stone

inclusive /ɪnˈkluːsɪv/ adj
włącznie
including the extremes as well as the area between

inclusive or n
inkluzja
logic, computing (noun)

incognito /ˌɪnkɒɡˈniːtoʊ/ /ˌɪnˈkɒɡnitoʊ/ adv
incognito
without revealing one's identity

incoherent adj
niekoherentny nieścisły
lacking coherence, inconsistent

incoherently adv
nieściśle
in an incoherent manner

income /ˈɪnˌkʌm/ n
dochód
money one earns by working or by capitalising on the work of others

income statement n
rachunek zysków i strat
financial statement of net income

income tax n
podatek dochodowy
tax levied on income

incommensurate adj
nieproporcjonalny niewspółmierny
out of proportion with

incomparable /ɪŋkəmˈpærəbəl/ /ɪŋkəmˈpɛrəbəl/ /ɪŋˈkɑmp(ə)rəbəl/ /ɪŋˈkɒmp(ə)rəbəl/ adj
nieporównywalny
beyond comparison

incompatibility /ˌɪnkəmˌpætɪˈbɪlɪti/ n
niezgodność
the quality or state of being incompatible

incompatible /ˌɪnkəmˈpætɪbəl/ /ˌɪŋkəmˈpætɪbəl/ adj
niekompatybilny niezgodny
impossible to coexist; irreconcilable

incompetence n
niekompetencja inkompetencja
inability to perform

incompetent adj
niekompetentny
unskilled, lacking normally expected degree of ability

incomplete /ɪn.kəm.ˈpliːt/ adj
niepełny
not complete

incomprehensibility n
niezrozumiałość zagadkowość
condition of being incomprehensible

incomprehensible /ˌɪnkɑmpɹəˈhɛnsɪbəl/ adj
niezrozumiały
impossible or very difficult to understand

incomprehension n
niezrozumienie
lack of comprehension

inconceivable /ɪn.kənˈsiː.və.bl̩/ adj
niepojęty niewyobrażalny
unable to be conceived, unbelievable

inconclusive adj
niejednoznaczny
not leading to a conclusion

inconsequence n
niekonsekwencja
state or quality of being inconsequent

inconsiderate /ˌɪnkənˈsɪdəɹɪt/ /ˌɪŋ-/ adj
bezceremonialny
not considerate of others

inconsiderately adv
bezceremonialnie
in an inconsiderate manner

inconsiderateness n
bezceremonialność

inconsistent /ˌɪnkənˈsɪstənt/ adj
niekonsekwentny niespójny sprzeczny
not consistent

inconsolable adj
niepocieszony nieukojony nieutulony
Not consolable

inconspicuous /ˌɪn.kənˈspɪk.ju.əs/ adj
niepozorny nierzucający się w oczy
not prominent or easily noticeable

inconspicuously adv
niepostrzeżenie
not prominent or easily noticeable

incontestable adj
bezsporny
Not contestable; indisputable

incontinence /ɪnˈkɒntɪnəns/ n
inkontynencja
inability to restrain discharge

incontrovertible /ˌɪŋ.kɒn.tɹəˈvɜː.təbl̩/ adj
bezsporny
not capable of being denied, challenged, or disputed; closed to questioning

incontrovertibleness n
bezsporność bezsprzeczność niewątpliwość

incontrovertibly /ɪnˌkɒn.tɹəˈvɜː(ɹ).tɪ.bli/ /ˌɪnˌkɑn.tɹəˈvɝ.tə.bli/ adv
bezspornie bezsprzecznie
in incontrovertible manner

inconvenience /ɪnkənˈvinjəns/ /ɪnkənˈviːnɪəns/ /ɪŋk-/ n
niedogodność niewygoda
something inconvenient or bothering

inconvenient adj
niewygodny
not convenient

incorrect /ˌɪnkəˈɹekt/ /ˌɪnkəˈɹɛkt/ adj
niepoprawny błędny nieprawidłowy
erroneous

incorrectly adv
błędnie
in an incorrect manner

incorrectness n
błędność
the condition of being incorrect

incorruptible adj
nieprzekupny
incapable of being bribed or morally corrupted

increase /ɪnˈkɹiːs/ /ˈɪnkɹiːs/ n
wzrost przyrost zwiększenie
increased amount

increasingly adv
coraz
increasing in amount or intensity

incredible /ɪŋˈkɹɛdəbəl/ /ɪŋˈkɹɛdɪbəl/ [ɪ̈ŋˈkɹ̥ʷɛɾəbəɫ] [ɪ̈ŋˈkɹ̥ʷɛɾəbɫ̩] adj
niewiarygodny
too implausible to be credible

incriminate /ɪŋˈkɹɪmɪneɪt/ v
obciążać obciążyć
to indicate the guilt of
obwiniać oskarżać inkryminować obwinić oskarżyć
to accuse or bring criminal charges against

incubator /ˈɪn.kjuːˌbeɪ.tə(ɹ)/ [ˈɪn.kjuːˌbeɪ.ɾə(ɹ)] [ˈɪn.kjuːˌbeɪ.ɾɚ] n
inkubator
apparatus used to maintain environmental conditions suitable for a newborn baby
support program for entrepreneurial companies
apparatus used to maintain environmental conditions suitable for the hatching of eggs

incubus /ˈɪn.kjə.bəs/ /ˈɪŋ.kjʊ.bəs/ n
inkub
an evil spirit
koszmar
a nightmare

incunabulum /ˌɪn.kjʊˈnæb.jʊ.ləm/ n
inkunabuł
book, sheet or image

incurable /ˌɪnˈkjʊəɹəbl/ /ˌɪnˈkjʊɹəbl/ adj
nieuleczalny
unable to be cured

indebted /ɪnˈdɛtɪd/ adj
zobowiązany
obligated to someone

indecent /ɪnˈdiːsənt/ adj
nieprzyzwoity
offensive to good taste
nieprzyzwoity nieobyczajny
not in keeping with conventional moral values

indecent exposure n
ekshibicjonizm publiczne obnażanie się
intentional exposure of one's privates

indecently adv
niemoralnie nieobyczajnie nieprzyzwoicie
in an indecent manner

indecision /ɪndɪˈsɪʒ(ə)n/ n
niezdecydowanie
inability to decide on a course of action

indecisive /ˌɪndɪˈsaɪsɪv/ adj
nierozstrzygający nierozstrzygnięty
inconclusive or uncertain
niezdecydowany
not decisive

indeclinable adj
nieodmienny
not grammatically declinable

indeed /ɪnˈdid/ /ɪnˈdiːd/ adv
naprawdę w istocie w rzeczy samej zaiste
modal: truly; in fact; actually
naprawdę w rzeczy samej
degree: in fact

indefensible adj
nie do obrony
not capable of being defended
niedopuszczalny nieuzasadniony niewybaczalny
incapable of being justified

indefinable adj
nieokreślony nieuchwytny
that which defies description

indefinite /ɪnˈdɛfɪnɪt/ adj
nieokreślony bezterminowy nieograniczony
without limit; forever, or until further notice; not definite
nieokreślony niewyraźny
vague or unclear
nieoznaczona
an integral without specified limits

indefinite article n
rodzajnik nieokreślony
word preceding a noun to indicate any member of the class of objects

indefinite integral n
całka nieoznaczona
antiderivative

indefinite pronoun n
zaimek nieokreślony
Pronoun not specifying the identity of its referent

indefinitely /ɪnˈdɛfɪnɪtli/ adv
bezterminowo
for a long time, no end defined

indefiniteness n
bezterminowość
characteristic

indelible /ɪnˈdɛləbl/ adj
nieusuwalny niezmywalny
difficult to delete, remove or wash away
niezatarty
incapable of being canceled or forgotten

indemnification /ənˌdɛmnəfəˈkeɪʃən/ /ɪnˌdɛmnɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/ n
indemnizacja
reimbursement

indemnify /ɪnˈdɛm.nɪ.faɪ/ v
ubezpieczyć zabezpieczyć
To save harmless; to secure against loss or damage; to insure
wynagrodzić wypłacić odszkodowanie
To make restitution or compensation for

indentation /ˌɪndɛnˈteɪʃən/ n
akapit
act of beginning a line at a distance from the flush line
tiret
a division unit of a piece of law

independence /ɪndɪˈpɛndəns/ n
niepodległość niezależność niezawisłość
state or quality of being independent
niezależność niepodległość
state of having sufficient means for a comfortable livelihood

independence day n
dzień niepodległości
annual celebration

independent /ˌɪn.dɪˈpɛn.dənt/ adj
niezależny niepodległy niezawisły
not dependent; not contingent or depending on something else; free
niezrzeszony
not aligned with any political party

independent variable n
zmienna niezależna
independent variable

independently /ˌɪndɪˈpɛndəntli/ adv
niepodlegle niezależnie niezawiśle
in an independent manner

indescribable /ɪndɪˈskɹaɪbəbl̩/ adj
nieopisany
impossible, or very difficult to describe
nieopisywalny
exceeding all description

indescribably adv
nieopisanie
in an indescribable manner

indestructible adj
niezniszczalny
not destructible

indetectable adj
nieodczuwalny niewykrywalny

indeterminism n
indeterminizm

index /ˈɪndɛks/ n
indeks
economics: single number calculated from an array of prices or quantities
programming: key indicating location of data
science: number representing a property or ratio
indeks spis skorowidz
alphabetical listing of items
indeks wykładnik
mathematics: raised suffix indicating a power

index /ˈɪndɛks/ v
indeksować
to arrange an index

index case n
przypadek wskazujący
first documented patient in a disease epidemic

indexation n
indeksacja

indicate /ˈɪndɪˌkeɪt/ v
sygnalizować
to signal in a vehicle the desire to turn right or left
ukazywać
to show or manifest by symptoms
wskazywać
to point out; to discover; to direct to a knowledge of; to show; to make known

indication /ɪndɪˈkeɪʃən/ n
znak
a mark or another symbol used to represent something

indicative /ɪnˈdɪk.ə.tɪv/ n
tryb oznajmujący tryb orzekający
the indicative mood

indicative mood n
tryb oznajmujący tryb orzekający
indicative mood

indicator /ˈɪn.dɪ.ˌkeɪ.tə(ɹ)/ n
indykator wskaźnik
chemical
kierunkowskaz
turn signal
wskazówka
needle or dial on a meter
wskaźnik indykator
pointer

indictment /ɪnˈdaɪt.mənt/ n
akt oskarżenia
bill of indictment
oskarżenie
accusation
oskarżenie akt oskarżenia
criminal accusation

indifference /ɪnˈdɪf.ə.ɹəns/ /ɪnˈdɪf.ɹəns/ n
obojętność
the state of being indifferent

indifferent /ɪnˈdɪf.ə.ɹənt/ /ɪnˈdɪf.ɹənt/ adj
marny mierny
mediocre, usually used negatively
obojętny
not caring

indigenous /ɪnˈdɪdʒɪnəs/ /ɪnˈdɪd͡ʒənəs/ /ɪnˈdɪd͡ʒɪnəs/ adj
macierzysty miejscowy
born or engendered in, native to a land or region

indigestible adj
ciężki niestrawny
difficult or impossible to digest

indigestion n
dyspepsja niestrawność
condition caused by eating too quickly

indignity /ɪnˈdɪɡ.nə.ti/ n
poniżenie
an affront to one's dignity or pride

indigo /ˈɪn.dɪˌɡəʊ/ /ˈɪndɪˌɡoʊ/ adj
indygo
colour

indigo /ˈɪn.dɪˌɡəʊ/ /ˈɪndɪˌɡoʊ/ n
indygo
dye

indirect /ˌɪndaɪˈɹɛkt/ /ˌɪndəˈɹɛkt/ /ˌɪndɪˈɹɛkt/ adj
pośredni
not direct

indirect cost n
koszt pośredni

indirect free kick n
rzut wolny pośredni
soccer

indirect object n
dopełnienie dalsze
grammatical term

indirectly /ˌɪndaɪˈɹɛktli/ /ˌɪndɪˈɹɛktli/ adv
niebezpośrednio pośrednio
in an indirect manner

indiscreet adj
niedyskretny
not discreet; wanting in discretion

indispensable /ɪndɪˈspɛnsəbəl/ adj
nieodzowny niezbędny
not dispensable

indisposed adj
niechętny nieskory nieskłonny
not disposed or inclined; unwilling
niedysponowany
mildly ill

indisputability n
bezdyskusyjność

indisputable /ˌɪn.dɪˈspju.tə.bəɫ/ /ˌɪn.dɪˈspjuː.tə.bəɫ/ adj
bezdyskusyjny bezsporny
not disputable

indisputableness n
bezsporność bezsprzeczność niewątpliwość

indisputably adv
bezdyskusyjnie bezspornie bezsprzecznie
in a manner that is incapable of being disputed

indistinct /ˌɪndɪsˈtɪŋkt/ adj
niewyraźny
not clearly defined

indistinguishable adj
nieodróżnialny
not distinguishable

indium /ˈɪndi.əm/ n
ind
metallic chemical element

individual /ɪndɪˈvɪdjʊ(ə)l/ /ɪndɪˈvɪd͡ʒʊ(ə)l/ /ˌɪndə-/ /ˌɪndɪˈvɪd͡ʒ(u)əl/ adj
indywidualny
intended for a single person
indywidualny oddzielny pojedynczy
relating to a single person or thing

individual /ɪndɪˈvɪdjʊ(ə)l/ /ɪndɪˈvɪd͡ʒʊ(ə)l/ /ˌɪndə-/ /ˌɪndɪˈvɪd͡ʒ(u)əl/ n
indywidualny
individual object as contrasted to a class
jednostka indywiduum
person considered alone
osoba fizyczna
single human as legal subject

individualism n
indywidualizm
moral stance
tendency for a person to act without reference to others

individualist anarchism n
anarchoindywidualizm

individualistic adj
indywidualistyczny
more interested in the individual than in society as a whole

individuality /ˌɪndɪvɪd͡ʒuˈælɪti/ n
indywidualność
characteristic of being individual

individualization n
indywidualizacja
act of individualizing

individually /ˌɪndə-/ /ˌɪndɪˈvɪd͡ʒ(u)əli/ adv
indywidualnie
separately, independently

indivisible /ˌɪndɪˈvɪzɪbəl/ adj
niepodzielny
incapable of being divided by a specific integer

indoctrinate v
indoktrynować
teach with a biased or one-sided ideology

indoctrination n
indoktrynacja
act of indoctrinating

indole /ˈɪndɒl/ /ˈɪndəʊl/ n
indol benzopirol
organic compound

indolence /ˈɪndl̩(ə)ns/ /ˈɪndl̩əns/ /ˈɪndəl(ə)ns/ n
gnuśność opieszałość
habitual laziness or sloth

indomitability /ɪn.dɑmɪtəbl̩.ɪ.ti/ /ɪn.dɒmɪtəbl̩.ɪ.ti/ n
niezłomność
The quality of being indomitable

indomitable /ɪnˈdɑmɪtəbl̩/ /ɪnˈdɒmɪtəbl̩/ adj
nieugięty
incapable of being subdued, overcome, or vanquished

indoors /ɪnˈdɔɹz/ /ɪnˈdɔːz/ adv
do budynku do domu w budynku w domu
in or into a building

indri /ˈɪndɹi/ n
indris krótkoogonowy
Indri indri

indubitably /ɪnˈdjuː.bɪ.tə.bli/ /ɪnˈdu.bɪ.tə.bli/ adv
bez wątpienia
Undoubtedly; unquestionably

induced coma n
śpiączka farmakologiczna

inducement n
asumpt
an incentive

induction /ɪnˈdʌkʃən/ n
indukcja
generation of an electric current by a varying magnetic field
an introduction
the derivation of general principles from specific instances

inductionless adj
bezindukcyjny

inductor n
cewka induktor
passive electrical device

indulge /ɪnˈdʌld͡ʒ/ v
folgować rozpuszczać
to satisfy the wishes or whims of
folgować ulec ulegać
to give way to (a habit or temptation), not to oppose or restrain

induration /ɪndjʊˈɹeɪʃən/ n
stwardnienie
medical: hardening of an area of the body

industrial /ɪnˈdʌstɹɪəl/ adj
przemysłowy industrialny
of or relating to industry

industrial espionage n
wywiad gospodarczy
use of clandestine methods to acquire secret information for commercial advantage

industrial music n
industrial
music genre

industrialism n
industrializm
socio-economic system

industrialist n
przemysłowiec
person involved in the ownership or management of an industrial enterprise

industrialization n
industrializacja uprzemysłowienie
process of social and economic change

industrialize /ɪnˈdʌstɹiəlaɪz/ v
industrializować uprzemysławiać uprzemysłowiać uprzemysłowić zindustrializować
to organize along industrial lines
uprzemysławiać uprzemysłowić industrializować uprzemysłowiać zindustrializować
to develop industry

industrialized adj
uprzemysłowiony
having undergone industrialization

industrious /ɪnˈdʌstɹi.əs/ adj
pilny
hard-working and persistent

industry /ˈɪndəstɹi/ n
branża przemysł
businesses of the same type
przemysł
businesses that produce goods

inedible adj
niejadalny
not edible; not appropriate, worthy, or safe to eat

ineffable /ɪˈnɛf.ə.bəl/ /ˌɪnˈɛf.ə.bəl/ adj
nieopisany
beyond expression
ten, którego imienia się nie wymienia
forbidden to be uttered

ineffective adj
bezpłodny bezskuteczny nieefektywny
not having the desired effect; ineffectual

ineffectively adv
bezpłodnie

ineffectiveness n
bezpłodność
condition of being ineffective

ineffectual adj
bezpłodny bezskuteczny nadaremny nieskuteczny
futile
nieskuteczny nieudolny
weak, indecisive

ineffectually adv
bezpłodnie bezskutecznie

inefficacy n
bezskuteczność
the condition of being ineffective

inefficient /ˌɪn.ɪˈfɪʃ.ənt/ adj
niewydajny niewydolny
not efficient; not producing the effect intended or desired

inept /ɪnˈɛpt/ adj
neptek nieudolny niezaradny
not able to do something

inequality /ˌɪn.ɪˈkwɑ.lɪ.ti/ /ˌɪn.ɪˈkwɒl.ɪ.ti/ [ˌɪn.ɪˈkwɑ.lɪ.ɾi] n
nierówność
unfair, not equal, state
statement that one quantity is less (or greater) than another

ineradicable adj
niemożliwy do wykorzenienia
incapable of being eradicated

inert /ənˈɝt/ /ɪnˈɜːt/ /ɪnˈɝt/ /ɪˈnɜːt/ /ɪˈnɝt/ adj
bezwładny
sluggish or lethargic
unable to move or act
bierny obojętny
in chemistry, not readily reacting with other elements or compounds

inertia /ɪnˈɜː.ʃə/ /ɪnˈɝ.ʃə/ /ɪˈnɜː.ʃə/ /ɪˈnɝ.ʃə/ n
bezwładność inercja
in physics
unwillingness to take action

inertial adj
bezwładnościowy inercyjny
related to inertia

inertialess adj
bezinercyjny

inertly adv
bezwładnie
in an inert manner

inertness n
bezwładność
inertia
sluggishness
bierność inercja obojętność pasywność
chemically unreactive

inevitable /ɪnˈɛvɪtəbəl/ adj
nieunikniony
impossible to avoid or prevent

inevitably /ɪˈnɛvətəbli/ /ɪˈnɛvɪtəbli/ adv
nieuchronnie
in a manner that this impossible to avoid

inexcusable adj
niewybaczalny
not excusable

inexecution n
niewykonanie
failure to execute or carry out

inexhaustible /ɪnɪɡˈzɔːstɪbl̩/ adj
niewyczerpany
impossible to exhaust

inexorable /ɪnˈɛksɔɹəbəl/ /ɪnˈɛksɹəb(ə)l/ /ɪˈnɛksɚəb(ə)l/ adj
nieubłagany
impossible to prevent or stop
nieugięty
unable to be persuaded

inexorably /ɪnˈɛk.sə.ɹə.bli/ [ɪnˈɛɡ.zə.ɹə.bli] adv
nieubłaganie niepowstrzymanie
in an inexorable manner; relentlessly

inexpedient adj
niecelowy
not tending to promote a purpose

inexpensive adj
tani niedrogi
low in price

inexperience n
brak doświadczenia
lack of experience

inexperienced /ɪnəkˈspɪəɹi.ənst/ adj
niedoświadczony niewprawny
not experienced

inexplicable /ɪnˈɛk.splɪ.kə.bəl/ /ˌɪn.ɪkˈsplɪ.kə.bl̩/ adj
niewytłumaczalny
impossible to explain

inexplicably adv
niewytłumaczalnie
in an inexplicable manner

inexpressible adj
niewysłowiony
unable to be expressed

inexpugnable /ˌɪnɛkˈspʌɡnəbəl/ /ˌɪnɪkˈspʌɡnəbəl/ adj
niepokonany
impregnable, unconquerable

inextricably adv
nieodłącznie nierozdzielnie nierozerwalnie nierozłącznie ściśle

infallibility /ɪnˌfæləˈbɪləti/ /ˌɪnˌfæləˈbɪləti/ n
nieomylność
the ability to never make a mistake

infallible /ɪnˈfæl.ɪ.bl̩/ adj
niezawodny nieomylny
without fault or weakness; incapable of error or fallacy

infamous /ˈɪnfəməs/ adj
niesławny
having a bad reputation

infamy /ˈɪnfəmi/ n
niesława infamia
the state of being infamous

infant /ˈɪn.fənt/ n
niemowlę niemowlak
very young human being

infant mortality n
umieralność niemowląt
death of children under one year old

infanta /ɪnˈfantə/ n
infantka
Spanish daughter of a king

infante n
infant
son of the king of Spain or Portugal

infanticide /ɪnˈfæntɪsaɪd/ n
dzieciobójca dzieciobójczyni
person who has killed a child
dzieciobójstwo
murder of an infant
murder of one's child

infantile /ˈɪnfəntaɪl/ adj
dziecinny infantylny
childish; immature
dziecięcy
pertaining to infants

infantry /ˈɪnfəntɹi/ n
piechota
soldiers who fight on foot
the part of an army consisting of infantry soldiers

infantry fighting vehicle n
bojowy wóz piechoty
an armoured combat vehicle designed to carry infantry

infantryman n
piechur
soldier who fights on foot

infarction n
zawał
the process which causes an infarct

infatuation n
zauroczenie
An unreasoning love or attraction

infect /ɪnˈfɛkt/ v
zarazić zakazić zarażać zakażać
to bring into contact with a substance that causes illness

infection /ɪnˈfɛkʃən/ n
zakażenie infekcja
uncontrolled growth of harmful microorganisms in a host
the process of infecting

infectious adj
zakaźny infekcyjny zaraźliwy
transmitted between persons as illness
zaraźliwy
(of feelings and behaviour) spreading quickly between persons

infectiousness n
zaraźliwość
state or condition of being infectious

infective /ɪnˈfɛktɪv/ adj
infekcyjny zakaźny
able to cause infection

infelicitous /ˌɪn.fəˈlɪs.ə.təs/ /ˌɪn.fəˈlɪs.ɪ.təs/ /ˌɪn.fɛlˈɪs.ɪ.təs/ /ˌɪn.fɪˈlɪs.ɪ.təs/ adj
niefortunny nieszczęsny nieudany
unhappy or unfortunate

infer /ɪnˈfɜː/ /ɪnˈfɝ/ v
dedukować wnioskować wydedukować wywnioskować
to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence

inferior /ɪnˈfɪə.ɹi.ə/ /ɪnˈfɪɹ.i.ɚ/ adj
podrzędny pośledni
of lower quality

inferiority n
niższość
quality of being inferior

inferiority complex n
kompleks niższości
a sense of inferiority

infernal /ɪnˈfɜː(ɹ)nəl/ /ɪnˈfɝnəl/ adj
diabelski
diabolical or fiendish
piekielny
Of or relating to hell, or the world of the dead; hellish

infertility n
bezpłodność
inability to conceive - people and animals
nieurodzajność
condition of being infertile - soil, etc

infibulation /ɪnfɪbjʊˈleɪʃən/ n
infibulacja

infidel /ˈɪn.fə.dl̩/ /ˈɪn.fə.ˌdɛl/ n
niewierny
non-believer

infidelity /ˌɪnfɪˈdɛlɪti/ n
niewiara
lack of religious belief
niewierność
unfaithfulness in marriage or other moral obligation

infiltrate /ɪnˈfɪltɹeɪt/ /ˈɪnfəltɹeɪt/ /ˈɪnfɪltɹeɪt/ v
infiltrować zinfiltrować
to send soldiers through gaps in the enemy line

infimum /ɪnˈfaɪməm/ /ɪnˈfiːməm/ n
infimum kres dolny
element of a set

infinite /ˈɪnfənɪt/ /ˈɪnfɪnɪt/ adj
nieskończony bezgraniczny
boundless, endless
greater than any positive quantity or magnitude
figuratively, very large

infinite descent n
metoda nieskończonego schodzenia

infinitely /ˈɪnfɪnɪtli/ adv
nieskończenie
endlessly

infinitesimal /ˌɪnfɪnɪˈtɛsɪməl/ adj
nieskończenie mały
mathematics: pertaining to values that approach zero
very small

infinitism n
infinityzm
view

infinitive /ɪnˈfɪnətɪv/ /ɪnˈfɪnɪtɪv/ n
bezokolicznik infinitiwus
uninflected verb form

infinity /ɪnˈfɪnɪti/ n
lemniskata nieskończoność symbol nieskończoności
the symbol ∞
nieskończoność bezbrzeże
endlessness, unlimitedness, absence of end or limit

infirmary /ɪnˈfɝməɹi/ n
ambulatorium
clinic or dispensary within another institution
infirmeria izba chorych
place where sick or injured people are cared for, especially a small hospital

infix /ɪnˈfɪks/ /ˈɪnfɪks/ n
infiks wrostek
morpheme inserted into word

inflammable /ɪnˈflæməbəl/ adj
palny
capable of burning

inflammation /ɪnfləˈmeɪʃən/ n
zapalenie
medical condition
act of inflaming, kindling, or setting on fire; also, the state of being inflamed

inflammatory bowel disease n
nieswoiste zapalenie jelit
inflammatory disorder

inflate /ɪnˈfleɪt/ v
dmuchać nadmuchać nadmuchiwać nadymać
to enlarge the volume occupied by an object
napompować balon pompować balon
to enlarge by filling with gas

inflation /ɪnˈfleɪʃən/ n
inflacja
increase in the general level of prices or in the cost of living
decline in the value of money

inflect /ɪnˈflɛkt/ v
odmieniać odmienić
grammar: vary the form of a word

inflectable adj
odmienialny odmienny
that can be inflected

inflection /ɪnˈflɛkʃən/ n
fleksja odmiana
change in the form of a word that reflects a change in grammatical function
modulacja
change in pitch or tone of voice

inflectionless adj
afleksyjny

inflectionlessness n
afleksyjność

inflexible /ɪnˈflɛksəbl̩/ adj
nieelastyczny sztywny
stiff, rigid
nieugięty
obstinate, stubborn

inflorescence /ˌɪnflɔːˈɹɛsəns/ /ˌɪnfləˈɹɛsəns/ n
kwiatostan
flower cluster

influence /ɪnˈflu.əns/ /ˈɪn.flu.əns/ n
indukcja
electrostatic induction
wpływ
power to affect, control or manipulate
action exerted by a person or thing with power to cause change

influence /ɪnˈflu.əns/ /ˈɪn.flu.əns/ v
wpływać
intransitive: to exert influence
wpływać oddziaływać wpłynąć
transitive: to exert an influence upon

influenceable adj
dający się wpływać
Capable of being influenced

influencer /ˈɪnflu.ənsə(ɹ)/ n
influencerka influencer
influential person on social media

influential /ɪnfluˈɛnʃəl/ adj
wpływowy
having considerable influence

influenza /ˌɪn.flu.ˈɛn.zə/ n
grypa
an acute contagious disease of the upper airways and lungs

influx /ˈɪnˌflʌks/ n
wpływ
inward flow

info /ˈɪnfoʊ/ /ˈɪnfəʊ/ n
info
abbreviation for “information”

inform /ɪnˈfɔɹm/ /ɪnˈfɔːm/ v
informować poinformować powiadamiać powiadomić
to communicate knowledge to another/others (transitive)

informal /ɪnˈfɔɹm(ə)l/ /ɪnˈfɔːm(ə)l/ adj
nieformalny potoczny
not formal or ceremonious

informant /ɪnˈfɔɹmənt/ /ɪnˈfɔːmənt/ n
informator informatorka
one who relays confidential information

informatics /ɪnfəˈmætɪks/ /ˌɪnfəɹˈmætɪks/ [ˌɪnfɚˈmæɾɪks] n
informatyka
branch of information science

information /ˌɪn.fəˈmeɪ.ʃən/ /ˌɪn.fəˈmæɪ.ʃən/ /ˌɪn.fɚˈmeɪ.ʃən/ n
informacja wiadomość
communicable knowledge

information overload n
przeciążenie informacyjne
too much information

information society n
społeczeństwo informacyjne
society where information is a significant activity

information superhighway n
infostrada
The Internet and all other computer networks in the 1990s

information system n
system informacyjny
data processing system

information technology n
technologia informacyjna
the practice of creating and/or studying computer systems and applications

information warfare n
wojna informacyjna
use of information in pursuit of an advantage over an opponent

informational /ˌɪnfə(ɹ)ˈmeɪʃənəl/ adj
informacyjny
giving, related to information

informatisation /ˌɪnfə(ɹ)mataɪˈzeɪʃən/ n
informatyzacja
the process of becoming based on information and information technology

informative /ɪnˈfɔɹmətɪv/ adj
pouczający
providing useful or interesting information

informed consent n
świadoma zgoda

informer n
informator
one who informs
informator informatorka
person who tells authorities about improper or illegal activity

infra- prefix
infra-
below, beneath, inferior

infrared /ɪnfɹəˈɹɛd/ adj
podczerwony
having the wavelength in the infrared

infrared /ɪnfɹəˈɹɛd/ n
podczerwień podczerwony
radiation of a wavelength between 700 nm and 1 mm

infrastructure /ˈɪnfɹəˌstɹʌkt͡ʃɚ/ n
infrastruktura
basic facilities, services and installations needed for the functioning of a community or society
underlying base or foundation especially for an organization or system

infringe /ɪnˈfɹɪnd͡ʒ/ v
naruszać
to break or violate a treaty, a law, a right etc.

infructescence n
owocostan
group of fruit
fruiting stage

infula n
infuła
a fillet worn by ancient Roman priests
a head covering worn by early Christian priests
a ribbon on a bishop's mitre

infuriate /ɪnˈfjʊəɹieɪt/ /ɪnˈfjʊəɹɪət/ v
rozwścieczać rozwścieczyć rozwścieklać rozwścieklić
to make furious or mad with anger

infuse /ɪnˈfjuz/ v
zaparzać zaparzyć
to steep in a liquid

infusion /ɪnˈfjuːʒən/ n
napar
a product consisting of a liquid which has had other ingredients steeped in it to extract useful qualities
zaparzanie
act of steeping or soaking a substance in liquid so as to extract medicinal or herbal qualities

ingenious /ɪnˈd͡ʒiːniəs/ /ɪnˈd͡ʒiːnjəs/ adj
pomysłowy
characterized by genius; cleverly done or contrived
displaying genius or brilliance; tending to invent

ingenuous /ɪnˈd͡ʒɛn.ju.əs/ adj
prostoduszny
naive and trusting

ingestion /ɪnˈd͡ʒɛst͡ʃən/ n
spożycie spożywanie
the action of ingesting

inglenook /ˈɪŋɡ(ə)lnʊk/ /ˈɪŋɡəlˌnʊk/ n
zapiecek
nook or corner beside an open fireplace; chimney corner

ingot /ˈɪŋɡət/ n
sztaba sztabka
solid block of more or less pure metal

ingrate /ˈɪnɡɹeɪt/ n
niewdzięcznica niewdzięcznik
an ungrateful person

ingratitude /ɪnˈɡɹætɪtjuːd/ /ɪnˈɡɹætɪtud/ /ɪnˈɡɹætɪtʃuːd/ n
niewdzięczność
thanklessness

ingredient /ɪnˈɡɹiːdi.ənt/ n
składnik
substance present in a mixture

inguinal /ˈɪŋɡwɪnəl/ adj
pachwinowy
of or pertaining to the groin

inhabit /ɪnˈhæbɪt/ v
wypełniać zajmować
to be present in some place
zamieszkiwać
to live or reside in some place

inhabitant /ɪnˈhæ.bɪ.tənt/ n
mieszkaniec mieszkanka
someone or thing who lives in a place

inhabited /ɪnˈhæbɪtɪd/ adj
zamieszkany zamieszkały
having inhabitants

inhalation /ˌɪnhəˈleɪʃən/ [ˌɪnɦəˈleɪʃn̩] n
wdech inhalacja wdychanie
the act of inhaling

inhale /ɪnˈheɪl/ v
inhalować wdychać wziewać
to draw something into the nose or lungs
wdychać
to draw air into the lungs

inhaler n
inhalator
canister containing medicine

inherent /ɪnˈhɛɹənt/ /ɪnˈhɪəɹənt/ adj
nieodłączny inherentny przyrodzony właściwy
natural part or consequence

inherently /ɪnˈhɛɹəntli/ adv
nieodłącznie z założenia
inherently, innately

inherit /ɪnˈhɛɹɪt/ v
dziedziczyć odziedziczyć
to receive a characteristic by genetic transmission
to receive property or a title by legal succession etc.

inheritable adj
dziedziczny
able to be inherited

inheritance /ɪnˈhɛɹɪtəns/ n
dziedziczenie
biological attributes passed to offspring
passing of title
programming: mechanism for making parts of superclass available to subclass
spadek
that which a person is entitled to inherit

inhibition /ɪnhɪˈbɪʃən/ /ɪnɪˈbɪʃən/ n
zahamowanie
State of being inhibited

inhibitor n
inhibitor
substance slowing a reaction

inhomogeneous adj
niejednorodny
not homogeneous

inhospitable /ˌɪnhɒsˈpɪtəbəl/ adj
niegościnny
Not offering shelter

inhuman /ɪnˈhjuːmən/ adj
niehumanitarny nieludzki
cruel and savage, not humane

inhumation /ɪn.hjuːˈmeɪ.ʃən/ n
inhumacja pochówek
The act of burial

inimical /ɪˈnɪmɪkəl/ adj
nieprzyjazny wrogi złowrogi
hostile
szkodliwy
harmful

inimitable /ɪnˈɪmɪtəbl̩/ adj
niepodrabialny niepowtarzalny niezrównany
beyond imitation

initial /ɪˈnɪʃəl/ adj
początkowy
chronologically first
spatially first

initial /ɪˈnɪʃəl/ n
inicjał
calligraphy: distinguished initial letter

initial public offering n
pierwsza oferta publiczna
first offering to members of the public of stock in a company

initialism /ɪˈnɪʃəlɪzəm/ n
literowiec skrótowiec literowy
term pronounced letter by letter

initialize v
inicjalizować
to assign an initial value to a variable
to assign initial values to something

initially /ɪˈnɪʃli/ /ɪˈnɪʃəli/ adv
początkowo
at the beginning

initials /ɪˈnɪʃəlz/ n
inicjały
abbreviation of a person's name

initiate /ɪˈnɪʃ.i.eɪt/ /ɪˈnɪʃ.i.ət/ /ɪˈnɪʃ.ɪ.eɪt/ /ɪˈnɪʃ.ɪ.ət/ n
wtajemniczony
One who has been through a ceremony of initiation

initiate /ɪˈnɪʃ.i.eɪt/ /ɪˈnɪʃ.i.ət/ /ɪˈnɪʃ.ɪ.eɪt/ /ɪˈnɪʃ.ɪ.ət/ v
wtajemniczać wtajemniczyć
to instruct in the rudiments

initiation /ɪˌnɪʃ.iˈeɪ.ʃən/ n
inicjacja
form or ceremony by which a person is introduced into any society

initiative /ɪˈnɪʃətɪv/ n
inicjatywa
a beginning; a first move

inject /ɪnˈd͡ʒɛkt/ v
wstrzyknąć wstrzykiwać
to administer an injection to

injection /ɪn.ˈd͡ʒɛk.ʃən/ n
iniekcja
set theory: one-to-one mapping
zastrzyk
medicine: something injected
zastrzyk wstrzyknięcie iniekcja
act of injecting, or something injected

injective /ɪnˈd͡ʒɛktɪv/ adj
różnowartościowa
inverse-deterministic

injectivity n
iniektywność
property

injunction /ɪnˈd͡ʒʌnk.ʃən/ n
nakaz sądowy
an official writ
napomnienie
the act of enjoining

injure /ˈɪn.dʒə/ /ˈɪn.d͡ʒɚ/ v
ranić zranić
to wound or cause physical harm

injurious /ɪnˈdʒɔːɹɪəs/ /ɪnˈdʒʊəɹɪəs/ /ɪnˈd͡ʒɝi.əs/ /ɪnˈd͡ʒʊɹi.əs/ adj
szkodliwy
causing injury

injury /ˈɪn.d͡ʒə.ɹi/ /ˈɪn.d͡ʒɚ.i/ /ˈɪn.d͡ʒɹi/ n
kontuzja szkoda uraz
damage or violation

injury time n
doliczony czas
additional time played straight after each of the two halves

injustice /ɪnˈd͡ʒʌs.tɪs/ n
niesprawiedliwość
violation of the rights of another
absence of justice

ink /iŋk/ /ɪŋk/ n
atrament tusz inkaust
coloured fluid used for writing

ink /iŋk/ /ɪŋk/ v
tuszować
apply ink

inkberry n
alkiermes
Phytolacca

inkcap n
czernidłak
fungus of the genus Coprinus, Coprinellus or Coprinopsis

inkily adv
atramentowo

inkjet printer n
atramentówka drukarka atramentowa
device that prints using droplets of ink

inkling /ˈɪŋklɪŋ/ n
podejrzenie
slight hint, implication, or suggestion given

inkwell n
kałamarz
container for ink

inky adj
atramentowy
dark

inland /-lænd/ /ˈɪnlənd/ /ˈɪnˌland/ adj
śródziemny
within the land

inlaut n
śródgłos
inlaut

inmate n
więzień więźniarka
one confined to institution, such as a prison
współmieszkaniec
one who occupies a dwelling-house

inn /ɪn/ n
karczma zajazd
lodging

innards n
bebechy
inner workings
internal organs

innate /ɪˈneɪt/ adj
wrodzony
inborn

innate /ɪˈneɪt/ v
począć
cause to exist

innateness n
wrodzoność

inner /ˈɪnə/ /ˈɪnɚ/ adj
wewnętrzny
being or occurring inside

inner child n
wewnętrzne dziecko
childlike aspect of a person's psyche

inner circle n
wewnętrzny krąg
closest of friends

inner ear n
ucho wewnętrzne
anatomy

inner emigration n
emigracja wewnętrzna
choice of remaining in a country during dictatorship

inner tube n
dętka
inflatable rubber tube

innkeeper /ˈɪnkiːpəɹ/ n
karczmarka karczmarz oberżysta oberżystka austernik szynkarz
person responsible for the running of an inn

innocence /ˈɪnəsn̩s/ n
niewinność
absence of responsibility for a crime
lack of understanding about sensitive subjects such as sexuality and crime
lack of ability or intention to harm or damage

innocent /ˈɪnəsənt/ adj
niewinny
not legally responsible for a wrongful act
pure, free from sin, untainted
niewinny naiwny
naive, artless

innocent as the child unborn adj
niewinny jak dziecko

innocently /ˈɪnəsəntli/ adv
niewinnie
in an innocent manner

innocuous /ɪˈnɑkjuəs/ /ɪˈnɒkjuəs/ adj
bezpieczny niegroźny
harmless

innovation /ˌɪnəˈveɪʃən/ n
innowacja
act of innovating

innovative /ɪnˈnɒ.və.tɪv/ /ɪˈnəʊ.və.tɪv/ /ˈɪn.oʊˌveɪɾɪv/ /ˈɪn.ə.və.tɪv/ /ˈɪn.əˌveɪ.tɪv / /ˈɪn.əˌveɪɾɪv/ adj
innowacyjny
characterized by the creation of new ideas or things

innovativeness n
awangardowość innowacyjność nowatorstwo

innovator /ˈɪnəˌveɪtəɹ/ n
innowator innowatorka
someone who innovates

innuendo /ˌɪnjuˈɛndəʊ/ n
insynuacja
a derogatory hint or reference to a person or thing, an implication or insinuation

inoculation /ɪˌnɑkjəˈleɪʃən/ /ɪˌnɒkjʊˈleɪʃən/ n
szczepienie
introduction of substance into the body to produce immunity

inoperable adj
nieoperacyjny
surgery: incapable of being successfully operated
niesprawny
incapable of function

inorganic /ɪnɔɹˈɡænɪk/ /ɪnɔːˈɡænɪk/ adj
nieorganiczny anorganiczny
relating to a compound that does not contain carbon

inorganic chemistry n
chemia nieorganiczna
chemistry of elements and non-carbon containing compounds

input /ˈɪnpʊt/ [ˈɪmpʊt] [ˈɪnpʊt] n
wejście wkład
data fed into a process

input /ˈɪnpʊt/ [ˈɪmpʊt] [ˈɪnpʊt] v
wprowadzać wprowadzić
to enter data

inquisitive /ɪŋˈkwɪzətɪv/ adj
ciekawski wścibski
too curious; overly interested; nosy
dociekliwy
eager to acquire knowledge

inquisitor /ɪnˈkwɪzətəɹ/ n
inkwizytor
official of the Inquisition
interrogator, questioner

insalubrious /ɪnsəˈluːbɹɪəs/ adj
niezdrowotny
unhealthful

insane /ɪnˈseɪn/ adj
szaleńczy
characterized by insanity or the utmost folly
used by, or appropriated to, insane persons
szalony obłąkany jebnięty pierdolnięty pojebany popierdolony
exhibiting unsoundness or disorder of mind

insanitary adj
antysanitarny niehigieniczny

insanity /ɪnˈsænɪti/ n
obłęd niepoczytalność
state of being insane

insatiable /ɪnˈseɪʃ(j)əbəl/ /ɪnˈseɪʃi.əbəl/ adj
nienasycony
not satiable; incapable of being satisfied or appeased

inscription /ɪnˈskɹɪpʃən/ n
dedykacja
dedication in a book
inskrypcja
carved text
napis
text on a coin

insect /ˈɪnsɛkt/ n
owad robak insekt
arthropod of class Insecta
zero
contemptible or powerless person

insect hotel n
domek dla owadów hotel dla owadów
man-made structure to house insects

insecticidal adj
owadobójczy
relating to insecticide

insecticide n
środek owadobójczy
A substance used to kill insects

insectivore /ɪnˈsɛktəˌvɔɹ/ /ɪnˈsɛktəˌvɔː/ n
owadożerca
insect-eating animal or plant

insectivorous /ˌɪnsɛkˈtɪv(ə)ɹəs/ adj
owadożerny
feeding on insects

insectoid adj
owadopodobny
insect-like

insecure /ɪnsəˈkjɔɹ/ /ɪnsəˈkjɔː(ɹ)/ /ɪnsəˈkjɝ/ /ɪnsəˈkjʊə(ɹ)/ /ɪnsəˈkjʊɹ/ adj
niepewny niepweny siebie
not comfortable in certain situations
niezabezpieczony
not secure

insecurity n
niepewność
lack of security, uncertainty

inselberg /-zəl-/ /ˈɪnsəlˌbɜːɡ/ /ˈɪnsəlˌbɝɡ/ n
twardzielec

inseminate /ɪnˈsɛmɪneɪt/ v
zaplemniać zaplemnić
to fill with semen

insemination n
posiew zasiew
act of sowing seed
zapłodnienie zaplemnienie
introduction of sperm into a female's reproductive system

insensate /ɪnˈsɛn.sət/ adj
bez czucia
having no sensation or consciousness
bezmyślny
senseless; foolish; irrational

insensitive /ɪnˈsɛnsɪtɪv/ adj
bezduszny nieczuły
not having normal emotional feelings, cold, tactless, undiplomatic

insensitively adv
bezdusznie
in an insensitive manner

insensitiveness n
bezduszność

insert /ɪnˈsɜːt/ /ɪnˈsɝt/ /ˈɪnsɜːt/ /ˈɪnsɝt/ n
wkładka wrzutka
inserted leaflet

insert /ɪnˈsɜːt/ /ɪnˈsɝt/ /ˈɪnsɜːt/ /ˈɪnsɝt/ v
wstawiać wstawić
put in between or into

inset /ˈɪnsɛt/ n
wkładka
smaller thing set into a larger thing

inside /ɪnˈsaɪd/ /ˈɪnsaɪd/ adj
wewnętrzny
of or pertaining to the inner surface, limit or boundary

inside /ɪnˈsaɪd/ /ˈɪnsaɪd/ adv
w środku wewnątrz
within the interior

inside /ɪnˈsaɪd/ /ˈɪnsaɪd/ n
wnętrze środek
interior or inner part

inside job n
inside job robota wewnętrzna

inside out /ˌɪnsaɪdˈaʊt/ adv
na lewą stronę
with the inside turned to be on the outside
na wylot
of knowledge: thoroughly

insider trading n
nielegalny handel akcjami
trading of securities by a person who has privileged access to information

insidious /ɪnˈsɪdi.əs/ adj
podstępny zdradziecki zdradliwy
producing serious harm in a stealthy, often gradual, manner

insidiously /ɪnˈsɪdi.əsli/ adv
podstępnie
in an insidious manner

insignia /ɪnˈsɪɡ.ni.ə/ n
insygnium
symbol or token of power, status, or office

insignificant /ˌɪnsɪɡˈnɪfɪkənt/ adj
nieistotny błahy
not significant; not important

insignificantly adv
błaho
in an insignificant manner

insincere adj
nieszczery
not sincere

insincerity n
nieszczerość
property of being insincere

insinuate /ɪnˈsɪnjueɪt/ v
insynuować
hint at (something)
przypochlebiać się
ingratiate oneself

insinuation /ɪnˌsɪnjuˈeɪʃən/ n
insynuacja
a suggestion or intimation by distant allusion

insipid /ɪnˈsɪp.ɪd/ adj
bezbarwny nudny
flat; lacking character or definition
mdły
unappetizingly flavorless

insipidly adv
bezpłciowo
in an insipid manner

insipidness n
bezpłciowość
lack of distinctive, appealing, or energetic character

insist /ɪnˈsɪst/ v
nalegać
to demand that something be done
to hold up a claim emphatically

insofar /ɪn.soʊˈfɑɹ/ /ɪn.səʉˈfaː(ɹ)/ /ɪn.səʊˈfɑː(ɹ)/ /ɪn.səˈfɑɹ/ /ɪn.səˈfɑː(ɹ)/ adv
o ile
to such a degree or extent

insofar as /ɪn.soʊˈfɑɹæz/ /ɪn.soʊˈfɑɹəz/ /ɪn.səʊˈfɑːɹəz/ conjunction
o tyle, o ile
to the extent that

insolation /ˌɪnsoʊˈleɪʃən/ n
insolacja nasłonecznienie
sun's radiant energy per unit area

insole /ˈɪnsoʊl/ /ˈɪnsəʊl/ n
wkładka
inside sole of footwear

insolence /ˈɪn.sə.ləns/ n
bezczelność zuchwałość zuchwalstwo arogancja bezwstydność hucpiarstwo
arrogant conduct; insulting, bold behaviour or attitude

insolent /ˈɪn.sə.lənt/ adj
bezczelny zuchwały arogancki bezwstydny hucpiarski impertynencki
insulting in manner or words
zuchwały niegrzeczny chamski
rude

insolently adv
arogancko bezczelnie bezwstydnie impertynencko zuchwale
in an insolent manner

insoluble adj
nierozpuszczalny
not soluble; that cannot be dissolved

insolvency [ɪnˈsɒlvn̩si] n
niewypłacalność upadłość
the condition of being insolvent

insolvent /ɪn.ˈsɑːɫv.ənt/ /ɪn.ˈsɒlv.ənt/ /ɪn.ˈsɒɫv.ənt/ adj
niewypłacalny
Unable to pay

insomnia /ɪnˈsɒmniə/ n
bezsenność
sleeping disorder

insouciant /inˈsusiənt/ /ɪnˈsuːsɪənt/ adj
niefrasobliwy
casually unconcerned

inspection /ɪnˈspɛkʃən/ n
badanie inspekcja kontrola zbadanie
the act of examining something, often closely
inspekcja kontrola
organization that checks that certain laws or rules are obeyed

inspector /ɪnˈspɛktə/ /ɪnˈspɛktɚ/ n
inspektor inspektorka
person employed to inspect something
police officer ranking below superintendent

inspiration /ˌɪn.spəˈɹeɪ.ʃən/ /ˌɪn.spəˈɹæɪ.ʃən/ /ˌɪn.spɪˈɹeɪ.ʃən/ n
inspiracja natchnienie
stimulating influence upon the intellect or emotions
natchnienie
supernatural divine influence
wdech
physiology: drawing of air

inspirational /ˌɪnspəˈɹeɪʃənəl/ adj
inspiracyjny inspirujący

inspire /ɪn.ˈspaɪə(ɹ)/ /ɪn.ˈspaɪɹ/ v
inspirować zainspirować
to infuse into the mind; to communicate to the spirit

instability n
niestabilność
quality of being unstable

install /ɪnˈstoːl/ /ɪnˈstɑl/ /ɪnˈstɔl/ /ɪnˈstɔːl/ v
instalować zainstalować
set something up for use

installation [ɪnstəˈleɪʃən] n
instalacja
something installed
instalacja montaż
act of installing

installer n
instalator
person who installs
program that installs software and prepares it for use

installment /ɪnˈstoːl.mənt/ /ɪnˈstɑl.mənt/ /ɪnˈstɔl.mənt/ /ɪnˈstɔːl.mənt/ n
rata
finance: portion of debt

installment loan n
kredyt ratalny

instance /ˈɪnstəns/ n
instancja
in computing
okazja zdarzenie
recurring occasion, case

instant /ˈɪnstənt/ n
błyskawiczny
instant beverage or food
chwila moment
period of time
point in time

instant coffee /ˌɪnstənt ˈkɒfi/ n
kawa rozpuszczalna
beverage

instant messenger n
komunikator komunikator internetowy
application which allows instant text communication

instant noodle n
zupa błyskawiczna zupka chińska
a mass of precooked noodles

instantaneous /ɪnstənˈteɪni.əs/ adj
chwilowy momentalny
occurring, arising, or functioning without any delay; happening within an imperceptibly brief period of time

instantly /ˈɪnstəntli/ adv
błyskawicznie momentalnie natychmiast od razu
at once

instead /ɪnˈstɛd/ adv
zamiast
in the place of (it)

instead of preposition
zamiast
in lieu of; in place of; rather than

instep /ˈinˌstɛp/ n
podbicie
top of the foot between the toes and the ankle

instigate /ˈɪnstəɡeɪt/ v
judzić podburzać podburzyć podjudzać podjudzić
to goad or urge a person forward

instigator /-ɾɚ/ /ˈɪnstəˌɡeɪtɚ/ /ˈɪnstɪɡeɪtə/ n
podżegacz podżegaczka
person who intentionally instigates something

instill /ɪnˈstɪl/ v
wkraplać wkroplić
to pour in drop by drop
wpajać wpoić
to cause a quality to become part of someone's nature

instinct /ˈɪn.stɪŋkt/ n
instynkt
natural or inherent impulse or behaviour

instinctive /ɪnˈstɪŋktɪv/ adj
instynktowny
related to or prompted by instinct

instinctively /ɪnˈstɪŋktɪvli/ adv
instynktownie
innately, by instinct, without being taught

institute /ˈɪnstɪt(j)uːt/ /ˈɪnstɪt͡ʃuːt/ n
instytut
college
organization founded to promote a cause

institution /ˌɪnstɪˈtjuːʃən/ /ˌɪnstɪˈtuːʃən/ /ˌɪnstɪˈtʃuːʃən/ n
instytucja
established organisation

institutional /-ʃnəl/ /ˌɪnstɪˈtjuʃənəl/ /ˌɪnstɪˈtuʃənəl/ /ˌɪnstɪˈtʃuːʃənəl/ adj
instytucjonalny
of pertaining to or characteristic of an institution

institutionalize /ˌɪnstɪˈtjuːʃənəˌlaɪz/ v
zinstytucjonalizować
to establish as a normal practice

instructor n
instruktor instruktorka
one who instructs; a teacher

instrument /ˈɪnstɹəmənt/ /ˈɪnstɹʊmənt/ n
instrument
musical device
legal document
instrument przyrząd narzędzie przybór
tool
narzędzie
person used as a mere tool
przyrząd urządzenie
measuring device

instrument maker n
producent instrumentów
maker of musical instruments

instrumental /ɪnstɹəˈmɛntəl/ /ɪnstɹʊˈmɛntəl/ adj
instrumentalny
of musical instrument
narzędnikowy instrumentalny
pertaining to the instrumental case

instrumental case n
narzędnik
case to express agency or means

instrumentalisation n
instrumentalizacja

instrumentalist n
instrumentalista instrumentalistka
one who plays a musical instrument

insufferable /ɪnˈsʌfəɹəb(ə)l/ /ɪnˈsʌfɹəb(ə)l/ adj
nieznośny
not sufferable

insufficiency n
niedostateczność niedostatek
the lack of sufficiency; a shortage or inadequacy

insufficient /ɪnsəˈfɪʃənt/ adj
niewystarczający

insufficiently adv
niedostatecznie niewystarczająco
not sufficiently

insular /ˈɪnsjələ/ /ˈɪnsjəlɚ/ /ˈɪnsəlɚ/ adj
wyspiarski wyspowy
of, pertaining to, or resembling an island or islands

insulate /ˈɪnsjʊleɪt/ /ˈɪnsʊleɪt/ /ˈɪnʃʊleɪt/ [ˈɪns(j)ʊle(ɪ)t] v
izolować
to separate or detach
to separate so as to prevent a transfer

insulating adj
izolacyjny
that insulates

insulation /ˌɪnsjʊˈleɪʃən/ /ˌɪnsəˈleɪʃən/ n
izolacja
The act of separating a body from others

insulator /ˈɪn.sjə.leɪ.tə(ɹ)/ n
izolator
substance
structure

insulin /ˈɪnsjʊlin/ /ˈɪnsəlɪn/ /ˈɪnʃʊlɪn/ n
insulina
polypeptide hormone

insult /ɪnˈsʌlt/ /ˈɪnsʌlt/ n
obraza
something that causes offence
obraza zniewaga wyzwisko awania urąganie
action or speech deliberately intended to be rude

insult /ɪnˈsʌlt/ /ˈɪnsʌlt/ v
obrażać obrazić
to be insensitive, insolent, or rude to (someone)

insulting /ɪnˈsʌltɪŋ/ adj
obraźliwy
containing insult, or having the intention of insulting

insurance /ɪn.ˈʃɔː.ɹəns/ /ɪn.ˈʃɝ.əns/ /ɪn.ˈʃʊə.ɹəns/ /ɪn.ˈʃʊɹ.əns/ /ˈɪn.ʃɚəns/ n
ubezpieczenie
indemnity
business

insurance agent n
agent ubezpieczeniowy

insurance company n
firma ubezpieczeniowa
company that provides insurance policies

insurance fraud n
oszustwo ubezpieczeniowe
receiving insurance policy-based compensation by deceitfully causing an event that, if it were accidental, would lead to a rightful claim for said compensation

insurance policy n
polisa
document

insure /ɪnˈʃɔː/ /ɪnˈʃɝ/ /ɪnˈʃʊə/ /ɪnˈʃʊɚ/ v
ubezpieczać ubezpieczyć
to provide for compensation if some risk occurs

insurer /ɪnˈʃʊɹ.ɚ/ n
asekurant asekurator ubezpieczyciel
one who insures

insurgency /ɪnˈsɜː.d͡ʒən.si/ /ɪnˈsɝ.d͡ʒən.si/ n
insurekcja powstanie
rebellion; revolt; the state of being insurgent

insurgent /ɪnˈsəɹd͡ʒənt/ /ɪnˈsəːdʒ(ə)nt/ n
rebeliant rebeliantka
rebel

insurmountable adj
nie do pokonania nieprzezwyciężony
incapable of being passed over

insurrection /ˌɪnsəˈɹɛkʃ(ə)n/ /ˌɪnsəˈɹɛkʃn̩/ n
insurekcja bunt
action of part or all of a national population violently rising up against the government or other authority; an instance of this

insurrectionist n
powstaniec
person who provokes insurrection

intact /ɪnˈtækt/ adj
cały nienaruszony
untouched

intangible /ɪnˈtæn.d͡ʒə.bəl/ /ɪnˈtæn.d͡ʒɪ.bəl/ [ɪnˈtæn.d͡ʒɪ.bl̩] adj
nieuchwytny
incapable of being perceived

intangible asset n
wartości niematerialne i prawne
valuable property that of a business

integer /ˈɪn.tɪ.d͡ʒə(ɹ)/ /ˈɪn.tɪ.d͡ʒɚ/ [ˈɪn.ɾɪ.d͡ʒɚ] n
liczba całkowita
a number that is not a fraction

integral /ɪnˈtɛɡr(ə)l/ /ɪnˈtɛɡɹəl/ /ˈɪntəɡɹəl/ /ˈɪntɪɡr(ə)l/ /ˈɪntɪɡɹ(ə)l/ adj
integralny jednolity
constituting a whole together with other parts or factors; not omittable or removable

integral /ɪnˈtɛɡr(ə)l/ /ɪnˈtɛɡɹəl/ /ˈɪntəɡɹəl/ /ˈɪntɪɡr(ə)l/ /ˈɪntɪɡɹ(ə)l/ n
całka całka oznaczona
limit of sums

integral calculus n
rachunek całkowy
calculus of areas and volumes

integral equation n
równanie całkowe
equation

integrand /ˈɪntɪɡɹænd/ n
funkcja podcałkowa
function that is to be integrated

integrate /ˈɪn.təˌɡɹeɪt/ /ˈɪn.tɪ.ɡɹeɪt/ /ˈɪn.tɪ.ɡɹæɪt/ v
integrować całkować scalać scałkować
to subject to the operation of integration; to find the integral of

integrated adj
zintegrowany
composed and coordinated to form a whole

integrated circuit n
układ scalony scalak
thin chip

integration /ˌɪn.təˈɡɹeɪ.ʃən/ /ˌɪn.təˈɡɹæɪ.ʃən/ /ˌɪn.tɪˈɡɹeɪ.ʃən/ n
całkowanie
in mathematics
integracja
act or process of making whole or entire
process of fitting into a community

integration by parts n
całkowanie przez części
method of integration related to the product rule of differentiation

integrity /ɪnˈtɛɡɹəti/ /ɪnˈtɛɡɹɪti/ n
prawość uczciwość
steadfast adherence to a strict moral or ethical code

intellect /ˈɪntəlɛkt/ n
intelekt
The faculty of knowing and reasoning; understanding

intellectual /ˌɪntəˈlɛkt͡ʃwəl/ /ˌɪntəˈlɛkt͡ʃəl/ /ˌɪntəˈlɛkt͡ʃʊəl/ adj
intelektualny
belonging to, or performed by, the intellect; mental or cognitive

intellectual /ˌɪntəˈlɛkt͡ʃwəl/ /ˌɪntəˈlɛkt͡ʃəl/ /ˌɪntəˈlɛkt͡ʃʊəl/ n
intelektualista intelektualistka inteligent inteligentka
intelligent person, interested in intellectual matters

intellectual property n
własność intelektualna
product of someone's intellect
individual work

intellectualism n
intelektualizm
doctrine that knowledge is derived from pure reason

intellectualization n
intelektualizacja
act or process of intellectualizing

intellectually adv
intelektualnie
in an intellectual manner

intelligence /ɪnˈtɛl.ɪ.d͡ʒəns/ n
inteligencja rozum intelekt um
capacity of mind
wywiad
department, agency or unit
information about the enemy

intelligence agency n
służby specjalne
governmental agency devoted to information gathering

intelligence quotient n
iloraz inteligencji
IQ score

intelligent /ɪnˈtɛlɪd͡ʒənt/ adj
inteligentny
of high or especially quick cognitive capacity, bright
characterized by thoughtful interaction

intelligent design pn
teoria inteligentnego projektu
intelligent design / Intelligent Design

intelligentsia /ɪntɛləˈd͡ʒɛn(t)si.ə/ /ɪntɛləˈɡɛn(t)si.ə/ /ɪntɛlɪˈd͡ʒɛntsɪə/ /ɪntɛlɪˈɡɛntsɪə/ n
inteligencja
intellectual elite

intelligibility /ɪnˌtɛl.ə.d͡ʒə.ˈbɪl.ə.ti/ /ɪnˌtɛl.ə.d͡ʒə.ˈbɪl.ɪ.ti/ [ɪnˌtɛl.ə.d͡ʒə.ˈbɪl.ə.ɾi] [ɪnˌtɛl.ə.d͡ʒə.ˈbɪl.ɪ.ɾi] n
zrozumiałość
intelligible

intelligible /ɪnˈtɛləd͡ʒəbl̩/ adj
zrozumiały
capable of being understood

intend /ɪnˈtɛnd/ v
zamierzać
to fix the mind upon a goal
to be intent upon

intense /ɪnˈtɛns/ adj
intensywny
under tension

intensification n
intensyfikacja
act or process of intensifying

intensify /ɪnˈtɛnsɪfaɪ/ v
intensyfikować
to render more intense

intensive care n
intensywna opieka medyczna
support and monitoring of critically ill patients

intensive care unit n
oddział intensywnej terapii OIOM oddział intensywnej opieki medycznej
hospital ward for critically ill patients

intention /ɪnˈtɛnʃən/ n
zamiar intencja
course intended to follow

intentional /ɪnˈtɛnʃənəl/ [ɪnˈtʰɛnʃn̩ɫ̩] adj
celowy umyślny zamierzony intencjonalny
intended or planned; done deliberately or voluntarily

intentionality n
intencjonalność
(phil.) characteristic ...; ability to refer to sth.

inter alia adv
między innymi m.in.
among other things

inter- /ɪntə/ /ɪntɚ/ [ɪn(ɾ)ɚ] [ɪɾ̃ɚ] prefix
inter- między-
among, between

interaction /ˌɪn.təˈɹæk.ʃən/ /ˌɪn.tɚˈæk.ʃən/ n
interakcja oddziaływanie
situation or occurrence in which two or more objects or events act upon one another
komunikacja interakcja
conversation or exchange between people

interactive /ɪn.təˈɹæk.tɪv/ /ɪn.tɚˈæk.tɪv/ adj
interaktywny
responding to the user

interbank adj
międzybankowy
of, pertaining to, or taking place between two or more banks

intercalary /ɪnˈtɝː.kə.lɛɹ.i/ /ˌɪnt.ɚˈkæl.ɚ.i/ adj
przestępny
of a time period, inserted between others

intercalation n
interkalacja
period inserted into a calendar as in a leap year

intercellular adj
międzykomórkowy

intercept /ɪntəˈsɛpt/ /ɪntɚˈsɛpt/ /ˈɪntəsɛpt/ /ˈɪntɚsɛpt/ n
przecięcie
coordinate of the point at which a curve intersects an axis

intercept /ɪntəˈsɛpt/ /ɪntɚˈsɛpt/ /ˈɪntəsɛpt/ /ˈɪntɚsɛpt/ v
przechwycić
to gain possession of
to stop, deflect or divert

intercession n
wstawiennictwo
a prayer to God on behalf of another person

interchange /ɪntə(ɹ)ˈtʃeɪndʒ/ /ɪntɚˈt͡ʃeɪnd͡ʒ/ /ˈɪntə(ɹ).tʃeɪndʒ/ /ˈɪntɚt͡ʃeɪnd͡ʒ/ n
rozjazd
rail transport: connection between two or more lines, services or modes of transport
węzel
junction between two limited-access highways

intercity adj
międzymiastowy
between cities

intercom n
domofon
an electronic communication system

intercomprehension n
interkomprehensja
mutual comprehension

intercontinental /ˌɪn.tə.kɒn.tɪˈnɛn.təl/ /ˌɪn.tɚ.kɑn.tɪ.ˈnɛn.təl/ adj
międzykontynentalny
between two or more continents

intercontinental ballistic missile n
międzykontynentalny pocisk balistyczny
a class of long-range missiles associated especially with carrying nuclear warheads (ICBM)

intercostal /ˌɪn.təˈkɒs.təl/ /ˌɪn.tɚˈkɔ.stəl/ adj
międzyżebrowy
anatomy: between the ribs of an animal or person

intercountry adj
międzypaństwowy
between countries

intercourse /ˈɪn.təˌkɔːs/ /ˈɪn.tɚˌkoɹs/ /ˈɪn.tɚˌkɔɹs/ n
stosunek płciowy
sexual intercourse

intercultural adj
międzykulturowy
between different cultures

interdependent adj
współzależny
Mutually dependent

interdigital adj
międzypalcowy
between fingers or toes

interdisciplinary adj
interdyscyplinarny międzydyscyplinarny różnokierunkowy wielodziedzinowy wielostronny wielowymiarowy
of or pertaining to multiple distinct academic disciplines or fields of study

interest /ˈɪntəɹst/ /ˈɪntəɹəst/ /ˈɪntəɹɛst/ /ˈɪntəɹɪst/ /ˈɪntɹəst/ /ˈɪntɹɛst/ /ˈɪntɹɪst/ n
interesy
involvement in or link with financial, business, or other undertaking
odsetek odsetka
finance: price of credit
zainteresowanie
great attention and concern from someone
attention that is given to or received from someone or something

interest /ˈɪntəɹst/ /ˈɪntəɹəst/ /ˈɪntəɹɛst/ /ˈɪntəɹɪst/ /ˈɪntɹəst/ /ˈɪntɹɛst/ /ˈɪntɹɪst/ v
interesować ciekawić zaciekawiać zaciekawić zainteresować zajmować
to attract attention or concern

interest rate n
stopa procentowa
percentage of money charged for its use per some period

interest-free adj
bezprocentowy nieoprocentowany
not charging interest

interested /ˈɪntəɹɛstəd/ /ˈɪntəɹɛstɪd/ /ˈɪntəɹɪstɪd/ /ˈɪntɹəstəd/ /ˈɪntɹəstɪd/ /ˈɪntɹɪstɪd/ adj
zainteresowany
having or showing interest

interesting /ˈɪn(t)əɹɛstɪŋ/ /ˈɪntəɹəstɪŋ/ /ˈɪntɹəstɪŋ/ /ˈɪntɹɛstɪŋ/ /ˈɪntɹɪstɪŋ/ adj
ciekawy interesujący
arousing or holding the attention

interestingly adv
interesująco
in an interesting way

interestless adj
bezprocentowy

interestlessly adv
bezprocentowo

interface /ˈɪn(t)ɚˌfeɪs/ /ˈɪntəfeɪs/ n
granica międzyfazowa
chemistry, physics: thin layer or boundary between different substances, or phases of a single substance
interfejs
computing: point of interconnection between systems or subsystems
interfejs międzymordzie
computing, object-oriented: connection between parts of software
computing, object-oriented: piece of code defining a set of operations that other code must implement
interfejs międzymordzie powłoka
computing: connection between a user and a machine
styk
point of interconnection between entities

interfere /ˌɪntəˈfɪə(ɹ)/ /ˌɪntɚˈfɪɹ/ v
powstrzymywać przeszkadzać
wtrącać wtrącić
get involved, causing disturbance

interference /ˌɪntə(ɹ)ˈfɪəɹəns/ /ˌɪntəɹˈfiɹɪns/ n
interferencja
effect caused by the superposition of two systems of waves
interferencja ingerencja wtrącanie
act of interfering with something, or something that interferes

interference maximum n
maksimum interferencji fal

interferometer n
interferometr
instrument

interferon n
interferon
any of a group of glycoproteins, that prevent viral replication in infected cells

interfix n
międzyrostek
an empty morph inserted between two morphemes

interfluve n
międzyrzecze
the region of higher land between two connected river valleys

intergalactic adj
międzygalaktyczny
occurring between galaxies

intergenerational adj
międzypokoleniowy
between or across generations

intergovernmental adj
międzyrządowy
of, relating to, or involving two or more governments

interim /ˈɪntəɹɪm/ adj
przejściowy
transitional
tymczasowi tymczasowy
temporary

interim /ˈɪntəɹɪm/ n
przejściówka
a transitional or temporary period between other events

interior /ɪnˈtɪ.ɹi.ɚ/ /ɪnˈtɪə.ɹɪ.ə/ adj
wewnętrzny
having to do with the inner part of something

interior /ɪnˈtɪ.ɹi.ɚ/ /ɪnˈtɪə.ɹɪ.ə/ n
wnętrze
the inside of an enclosed structure

interior design n
architektura wnętrz projektowanie wnętrz wystrój wnętrz
design of internal space

interior designer n
projektant wnętrz
home decor designer

interior minister n
minister spraw wewnętrznych

interjection /ɪn.təˈdʒɛk.ʃən/ /ˌɪn.tɚˈd͡ʒɛk.ʃən/ n
wykrzyknik
exclamation or filled pause in grammar

interlanguage /ɪnˈtɜɹˈlæŋɡwɪd͡ʒ/ n
interjęzyk
mixed language

interleaf /ɪntəˈliːf/ /ɪntɚˈliːf/ /ˈɪntəliːf/ /ˈɪntɚliːf/ n
przekładka
sheet between layers on a pallet

interlocution n
interlokucja
Discussion or conversation

interlocutor /ˌɪn.təɹˈlɑ.kə.təɹ/ /ˌɪn.təɹˈlɑk.ju.təɹ/ /ˌɪn.təɹˈlɑk.jə.təɹ/ /ˌɪntəˈlɒkjətə/ /ˌɪntəˈlɒkjʊtə/ n
interlokutor rozmówca interlokutorka rozmówczyni
a person who takes part in dialogue or conversation

interloper /ˌɪntəˈləʊ̯pə/ /ˌɪntɚˈloʊ̯pɚ/ /ˌɪɾ̃ɚˈloʊ̯pɚ/ n
natręt
one who interferes

interlude /ˈɪntə(ɹ)ljuːd/ /ˈɪntə(ɹ)luːd/ n
interludium intermedium intermezzo wstawka
entertainment between the acts of a play
short piece put between the parts of a longer composition
wstawka
intervening episode etc

intermediary /ˌɪn(t)ɚˈmidiˌɛɹi/ /ˌɪntə(ɹ)ˈmiːdi.əɹi/ /ˌɪntə(ɹ)ˈmiːdjəɹi/ /ˌɪntə(ɹ)ˈmiːdʒəɹi/ n
pośrednik pośredniczka
an agent acting as a mediator between sides to facilitate agreement or cooperation

intermediate /ɪn.tə(ɹ)ˈmi.di.ət/ /ɪn.tə(ɹ)ˈmi.diˌeɪt/ /ˌɪn.tɚˈmi.di.eɪt/ /ˌɪn.tɚˈmi.di.ət/ adj
pośredni przejściowy
being between two extremes, or in the middle of a range

intermediate frequency n
częstotliwość pośrednia

intermediation n
pośrednictwo
intervention, interposition

interment /ɪnˈtɜːmənt/ /ɪnˈtɝmənt/ n
pochówek
The act of burying a dead body; burial

intermezzo /ɪntəˈmɛtsəʊ/ /ɪntɚˈmɛtsoʊ/ /ɪntɛɹˈmɛdzoʊ/ n
interludium intermedium intermezzo wstawka
piece of music or act

intermission /ɪntɚˈmɪʃən/ n
antrakt
break between performances or sessions

intermittent /ˌɪntəˈmɪtn̩t/ /ˌɪntɚˈmɪtn̩t/ adj
sporadyczny
stopping and starting at intervals

intermittently /ɪn.təˈmɪt.ənt.lɪ/ adv
nieregularnie sporadycznie
Stopping or starting at intervals

intermolecular adj
międzycząsteczkowy
from one molecule to another

intern /ɪnˈtɜːn/ /ɪnˈtɝn/ v
internować
to imprison (transitive)

internal /ɪnˈtɜː.nl̩/ /ɪnˈtɜː.nəl/ /ɪnˈtɝ.nl̩/ /ˈɪnˌtɝ.nl̩/ adj
wewnętrzny
within the body
inside of something

internal combustion engine n
silnik o spalaniu wewnętrznym
a piston or a rotary heat engine

internalize /ɪnˈtɝnəlaɪz/ v
dusić internalizować uwewnętrzniać uwewnętrznić zdusić zinternalizować
make something internal

internally /ɪnˈtɜː.nə.li/ /ɪnˈtɝ.nə.li/ adv
wewnętrznie
in an internal manner

internally displaced person n
uchodźstwo wewnętrzne
someone who is forced to flee home but remains within his or her country's borders

international /ˌɪn.təˈnæʃ.(ə.)n(ə)l/ /ˌɪn.tɚˈnæʃ.(ə.)n(ə)l/ [ˌɪntəˈnæʃ(ə)n(ə)ɫ] [ˌɪntɚˈnæʃ(ə)n(ə)ɫ] [ˌɪɾ̃ɚˈnæʃ(ə)n(ə)ɫ] adj
międzynarodowy internacjonalny
between, concerning, or transcending multiple nations

international /ˌɪn.təˈnæʃ.(ə.)n(ə)l/ /ˌɪn.tɚˈnæʃ.(ə.)n(ə)l/ [ˌɪntəˈnæʃ(ə)n(ə)ɫ] [ˌɪntɚˈnæʃ(ə)n(ə)ɫ] [ˌɪɾ̃ɚˈnæʃ(ə)n(ə)ɫ] n
międzynarodówka
transnational organization

international community n
społeczność międzynarodowa

international law n
prawo międzynarodowe
set of rules applied to the relations between nations

international organization n
organizacja międzynarodowa
organisation established by treaty

international relations n
stosunki międzynarodowe
study of relationships among countries

internationalism n
internacjonalizm
cooperation between nations
linguistics: a loanword that occurs in several languages with the same or similar meaning and etymology

internationally adv
międzynarodowo
in an international manner

internaut n
internauta internautka
internaut

internist n
internista
specialist in internal medicine

internment camp n
obóz dla internowanych
euphemism

internode n
międzywęźle
a section of the stem between two nodes

internship /ˈɪntɜːnʃɪp/ /ˈɪntɝnʃɪp/ n
staż
job taken by a student

interoperability /ˌɪntəɹɒpəɹəˈbɪləti/ n
interoperacyjność
computing

interparliamentary adj
międzyparlamentarny
between parliaments

interpellation n
interpelacja
formal political procedure

interpenetration n
wzajemne przenikanie
mutual penetration

interphobia n
interfobia

interplanetary adj
międzyplanetarny
existing or occurring between planets

interpose /ˌɪn.təˈpəʊz/ /ˌɪn.tɚˈpoʊz/ v
wstawić
to insert something (or oneself) between other things
wtrącić
to interrupt a conversation by introducing a different subject or making a comment

interpret /ɪn.tɚˈpɹɛt/ /ɪnˈtɜː.pɹɪt/ /ɪnˈtɝ.pɹɪt/ /ˈin.tɚ.pɹɛt/ v
interpretować zinterpretować
to explain or tell the meaning of

interpretation /ɪntəpɹəˈteɪʃən/ /ɪntɚpɹəˈteɪʃən/ n
interpretacja
sense given by an interpreter
act of interpreting
tłumaczenie
the discipline of translating a spoken language

interpreter /ɪnˈtɜːpɹɪtə/ /ɪnˈtɝpɹɪtɚ/ n
interpreter tłumacz
computer program
tłumacz tłumaczka tłumacz ustny tłumacz symultaniczny
one who interprets language

interpunct n
kropka środkowa
punctuation mark

interracial /ˌɪntəˈɹeɪʃəl/ adj
międzyrasowy
between or including two or more races

interregnum /ˌɪntəɹˈɹɛɡnəm/ n
bezkrólewie interregnum
period of time during which normal executive leadership is suspended or interrupted
bezkrólewie interregnum międzykrólewie
period of time between the end of a sovereign's reign and the accession of another sovereign

interrogate /ɪnˈtɛrəɡeɪt/ v
przesłuchiwać przesłuchać
to question or quiz

interrogation /ɪnˌteɹ.əˈɡeɪ.ʃən/ n
badanie interrogacja zapytanie
question put; an inquiry
przesłuchanie interrogacja
act of interrogating or questioning
pytajnik znak zapytania
point, mark, or sign

interrogative /ˌɪn.təˈɹɒ.ɡə.tɪv/ adj
pytający
asking or denoting a question

interrupt /ˈɪntəˌɹʌpt/ /ˌɪntəˈɹʌpt/ n
przerwanie
An event that causes a computer to temporarily cease

interrupt /ˈɪntəˌɹʌpt/ /ˌɪntəˈɹʌpt/ v
przerwać przerywać wtrącać się wtrącić się
to disturb or halt an ongoing process or action

interruption /ˌɪntəˈɹʌpʃən/ n
przerwa
a time interval during which there is a cessation of something

interschool adj
międzyszkolny
occurring or taking place between two or more schools

intersect /ɪntəˈsɛkt/ /ɪntɚˈsɛkt/ v
krzyżować krzyżować się przecinać przecinać się
to cross each other; to cut each other
przecinać przecinać się
in mathematics

intersection /ˈɪntəɹˌsɛkʃən/ /ˌɪntəɹˈsɛkʃən/ n
przekrój iloczyn zbiorów przecięcie
in set theory
punkt przecięcia
in geometry
skrzyżowanie
junction of two or more paths, etc

intersex /ˈɪntəsɛks/ /ˈɪntɚsɛks/ adj
interpłciowy
having an intersex condition

intersexuality n
interpłciowość
the state of having physical features of both sexes

interstate /ˈɪntɚˌsteɪt/ [ˈɪɾ̃ɚˌsteɪ̯t] adv
międzystanowy
of, or relating to two or more states

interstellar adj
międzygwiezdny międzygwiazdowy
between stars

interval /ˈɪntəvəl/ /ˈɪntɚvəl/ n
interwał
period of time
music: distance in pitch of notes
interwał odstęp
distance in space
przedział
section of the real line

interval training n
trening interwałowy

intervene /ˌɪntə(ɹ)ˈviːn/ v
interweniować
to come between, or to be between, persons or things

intervention /ɪntəˈvɛnʃən/ /ɪntɚˈvɛnʃən/ n
interwencja
act of intervening

interventionism n
interwencjonizm
political practice

interventricular adj
międzykomorowy
between the ventricles of the heart

intervertebral adj
międzykręgowy
between the vertebrae

interview /ˈɪntəvjuː/ /ˈɪntɚvjuː/ n
rozmowa kwalifikacyjna interview rozmowa o pracę
a formal meeting for the assessment of a candidate or applicant
wywiad interview
conversation with journalist etc.

interview /ˈɪntəvjuː/ /ˈɪntɚvjuː/ v
przeprowadzać wywiad
to have an interview

interviewee /ˌɪn.tə.vjuːˈiː/ /ˌɪn.tɚ.vjuːˈiː/ n
ankietowana ankietowany
Someone being interviewed

interviewer /ˈɪntəvjuːə/ /ˈɪntɚvjuɚ/ n
przeprowadzająca wywiad przeprowadzający wywiad
one who interviews

interwar adj
międzywojenny
relating to the time between two wars

interweave /ˌɪntəɹˈwiv/ /ˌɪntəˈwiːv/ [-ɾəɹ-] v
przeplatać przepleść
to combine (things) through weaving

intestate /ɪnˈtɛsteɪt/ adj
beztestamentowy
without a valid will

intestinal /ɪnˈtes.tɪ.nəl/ /ɪnˈtɛs.tɪ.nəl/ adj
jelitowy kiszkowy trzewiowy
relating to the intestines

intestine /ɪnˈtɛstaɪn/ /ɪnˈtɛstɪn/ /ɪnˈtɛsˌtiːn/ /ˈɪntɛstaɪn/ /ˈɪntɛstɪn/ n
jelito
subdivision of the alimentary canal
jelito kiszka trzewo
alimentary canal

intifada /ˌɪntɪˈfɑːdə/ n
intifada
intifada

intimacy /ˈɪn.tɪ.mə.si/ n
bliskość intymność
feeling of closeness and openness towards someone else

intimate /ˈɪn.tɪ.meɪt/ /ˈɪn.tɪ.mət/ adj
bliski
closely acquainted; familiar
intymny
of or involved in a sexual relationship
intymny osobisty
personal, private

intimate /ˈɪn.tɪ.meɪt/ /ˈɪn.tɪ.mət/ v
sugerować zasugerować
To suggest or disclose discreetly

intimidate /ɪnˈtɪmɪdeɪt/ v
zastraszyć zastraszać
to make timid or fearful

intimidation /ɪntɪmɪˈdeɪʃən/ n
zastraszenie
act of making timid or fearful

into /ˈɪn.tu/ /ˈɪn.tuː/ /ˈɪn.tə/ /ˈɪn.tʊ/ preposition
do
going to a geographic region
dzielony przez
expressing the operation of division
na w
producing, becoming
nad
investigating the subject
po rozpoczęciu
after the start of
razy
taking distinct arguments to distinct values
w
against, with force
w w-
going inside
zainteresowany
colloquial: intensely interested in

into the bargain
na dobitkę na dokładkę
along with

into thin air
jak kamień w wodę

intolerable /ɪnˈtɑləɹəbl̩/ /ɪnˈtɒləɹəbl̩/ adj
nieznośny
not tolerable

intolerance /ɪnˈtɑ.lə.ɹəns/ /ɪnˈtɒl.ə.ɹəns/ /ɪnˈtɔl.ə.ɹəns/ n
nietolerancja
extreme sensitivity to a food or drug; allergy
the state of being intolerant

intolerant /ɪnˈtɑləɹənt/ /ɪnˈtɒləɹənt/ adj
nietolerancyjny
not tolerant; close-minded about new or different ideas
nietolerujący
unable or indisposed to tolerate, endure or bear

intonation /ɪntəˈneɪʃən/ n
intonacja
the rise and fall of the voice in speaking
intonating or singing of the opening phrase of a plain-chant, psalm, or canticle by a single voice
singing or playing in good tune or otherwise

intoxicate /ɪnˈtɑksɪkeɪt/ /ɪnˈtɑksɪkət/ /ɪnˈtɒksɪkeɪt/ /ɪnˈtɒksɪkət/ v
odurzyć otępić
To stupefy by doping with chemical substances such as alcohol

intoxication /ɪntɑksɪˈkeɪʃən/ /ɪntɒksɪˈkeɪʃən/ n
zatrucie intoksykacja
poisoning

intracellular adj
wewnątrzkomórkowy
within a cell

intracranial adj
wewnątrzczaszkowy śródczaszkowy
pertaining to the inside of skull

intralogistics n
intrologistyka

intramarginal adj
intramarginalny

intramolecular adj
wewnątrzcząsteczkowy
between parts of a molecule

intranet /ˈɪntɹəˌnɛt/ n
intranet
private computer network that uses the protocols of the Internet

intransigence /ɪnˈtɹæn.sɪ.d͡ʒəns/ n
nieprzejednanie nieustępliwość
intransigence

intransigent /ɪnˈtɹæn.sə.d͡ʒənt/ /ɪnˈtɹæn.zə.d͡ʒənt/ adj
nieustępliwy nieprzejednany
unwilling to compromise or moderate a position

intransitive /ɪnˈtɹænsətɪv/ /ɪnˈtɹænzətɪv/ adj
nieprzechodni
of a verb, not taking a direct object

intransitive verb /ɪnˌtɹænsətɪv ˈvɜːb/ /ɪnˌtɹænzətɪv ˈvɜːb/ n
czasownik nieprzechodni
action verb not taking a direct object

intrasexual adj
wewnątrzpłciowy
intrasexual

intraspecific adj
wewnątrzgatunkowy
Occurring among members of the same species

intrauterine /ˌɪntrəˈjuːtəɹaɪn/ /ˌɪntrəˈjuːtəɹɪn/ adj
wewnątrzmaciczny
inside the uterus

intrauterine device n
spirala wkładka
contraceptive device

intravenous /ɪntɹəˈviːnəs/ adj
dożylny
inside the veins

intravenously adv
dożylnie
in an intravenous manner

intrepid /ɪnˈtɹɛpɪd/ adj
nieustraszony
fearless

intricacy /ɪnˈtɹɪ.kə.si/ /ˈɪn.tɹɪ.kə.si/ n
zawiłość
The state or quality of being intricate or entangled

intrigue /ɪnˈtɹiːɡ/ /ˈɪntɹiːɡ/ n
fabuła
the plot of a play
intryga
plot or scheme

intrigue /ɪnˈtɹiːɡ/ /ˈɪntɹiːɡ/ v
intrygować
to arouse interest
to plan

intrinsic /ɪn.ˈtɹɪn.zɪk/ adj
rzeczywisty wewnętrzny
inherent

intrinsic motivation n
wewnętrzna motywacja
The incentive to do something based on the expected enjoyment of the activity itself

intrinsically adv
nieodłącznie wewnętrznie zasadniczo
in an intrinsic manner, internally, essentially

introduce /ˌɪntəɹˈdus/ /ˌɪntɹəˈdjuːs/ /ˌɪntɹəˈdus/ v
przedstawiać przedstawić
to cause someone to be acquainted
wprowadzać wprowadzić
to bring into practice

introduction /ˌɪntɹəˈdʌkʃən/ n
wprowadzenie wstęp
act or process of introducing
wstęp przedmowa
initial section of a book or article which introduces subject material

introit /ən-/ /ɪnˈtɹəʊɪt/ /ˈɪntɹɔɪt/ /ˈɪnˌtɹɔɪt/ n
introit
part of a psalm or other portion of the Bible read or sung at Mass immediately after the priest ascends to the altar

introjection n
introjekcja
incorporating ideas unconsciously into one's psyche

introspection /ɪntɹəˈspɛkʃən/ n
introspekcja autoanaliza samoanaliza
the act or process of self-examination

intruder /ənˈtɹudɚ/ /ɪnˈtɹuː.də(ɹ)/ n
intruz
someone who intrudes

intrusion /ɪnˈtɹuːʒən/ n
najście wtargnięcie
forcible entry

intubate /ˈɪntjʊbeɪt/ /ˈɪntəbeɪt/ /ˈɪntʃəbeɪt/ v
intubować
to insert a tube into

intubation n
intubacja
introduction of a tube into an organ to keep it open

intuition /ɪntuˈɪʃən/ /ˌɪntjuːˈɪʃən/ /ˌɪntʃuː-/ n
intuicja
perceptive insight gained by the use of this faculty
immediate cognition without the use of rational processes

intuitionist n
intuicjonista intuicjonistka matematyczka-intuicjonistka matematyk-intuicjonista

intuitionistic adj
intuicjonistyczny

intuitionistic logic n
logika intuicjonistyczna
a type of logic which rejects the axiom "law of excluded middle"

intuitionistically adv
intuicjonistycznie

intuitive /ɪnˈtjuːɪtɪv/ adj
intuicyjny
automatic, without requiring conscious thought

intuitively adv
intuicyjnie
by intuition

intuitiveness /ɪnˈtjuːɪtɪvnəs/ n
intuicyjność
state of being intuitive

inundate /ˈɪn.ən.deɪt/ /ˈɪn.ʌn.deɪt/ v
przytłoczyć
to overwhelm
zalać
to cover with large amounts of water

inundation n
powódź potop
act of inundating

inure /ɪˈnjɔː/ /ɪˈnjʊə/ /ɪˈnjʊɹ/ v
przyzwyczaić się

invade /ɪnˈveɪd/ v
najechać najeżdżać napadać napaść zajmować zająć
to enter by force in order to conquer

invader /ɪn.ˈveɪ.də(ɹ)/ n
agresor agresorka najeźdźca najeźdźczyni
one who invades; an assailant; an encroacher; an intruder

invalid /ɪnˈvæl.ɪd/ adj
nieważny nieaktualny nieprawidłowy
not valid

invalid /ˈɪn.və.lɪd/ n
inwalida inwalidka
person with a handicap or disability
sick person

invalidity n
nieaktualność
the state of being invalid; lack of validity

invaluable /ɪnˈvæljuəbl̩/ /ɪnˈvæljəbl̩/ adj
bezcenny
of inestimable worth
bezcenny nieoceniony
of great value
very useful

invaluableness n
bezcenność

invaluably adv
bezcennie

invariant adj
niezmienniczy
that is not affected by a specified operation
niezmienny
that does not vary

invariant n
niezmiennik
invariant quantity, function etc.

invasion /ɪnˈveɪʒən/ n
inwazja
military action

invasive /-zɪv/ /ɪnˈveɪsɪv/ adj
inwazyjny
of a procedure: involving the entry of an instrument into part of the body
of an animal or plant: that grows (especially uncontrollably) in environments which do not harbour natural enemies
that invades a foreign country using military force; militarily aggressive

invasive species n
gatunek inwazyjny
species that has been introduced to an environment where it is not native and is a nuisance

invent /ɪnˈvɛnt/ v
wymyślać wymyślić
create something fictional
wynaleźć
design a new process or mechanism

invented /ɪnˈvɛntɪd/ adj
wymyślony zmyślony
fictional, made up

invention /ɪnˈvɛnʃən/ n
wynalazek
something invented
wynalezienie
act of inventing

inventive /ɪnˈvɛntɪv/ adj
pomysłowy wynalazczy
creative, or skilful at inventing

inventiveness n
pomysłowość
quality of being inventive

inventor /ɪnˈvɛntə/ /ɪnˈvɛntɚ/ n
wynalazca wynalazczyni
one who invents

inventory /ɪnˈvɛn.tə.ɹi/ /ˈɪn.vən.tɹi/ /ˈɪn.vənˌtɔ.ɹi/ n
inwentarz
detailed list of all of the items on hand
process of producing or updating such a list
inwentarz zapas
stock of an item on hand at a particular location or business

inverse function n
funkcja odwrotna
function that reverses the mapping action of a given function

inversely proportional adj
odwrotnie proporcjonalny
proportional to the reciprocal of the independent variable

invertebrate /ɪnˈvəːtɪbrət/ adj
bezkręgowy
lacking backbone

invertebrate /ɪnˈvəːtɪbrət/ n
bezkręgowiec
animal without backbone

invertible matrix n
macierz odwrotna
square matrix which, when multiplied by some other, yields the identity matrix

invest /ɪnˈvɛst/ v
inwestować zainwestować
to commit resources in the hope of financial gain

investigate [ɪn.ˈvɛs.tɪ.ɡeɪ̯t] v
badać zbadać
to examine
prowadzić dochodzenie
to inquire into, study

investigation /ɪnˌvɛs.təˈɡeɪ.ʃən/ /ɪnˌvɛs.tɪˈɡeɪ.ʃən/ n
śledztwo dochodzenie
the act of investigating

investigative journalism n
dziennikarstwo śledcze
journalism in which the reporter deeply investigates a single topic

investigatory adj
badawczy

investment /ɪnˈvɛsmənt/ /ɪnˈvɛstmənt/ n
inwestycja
placement of capital in expectation of deriving income or profit from its use

investment bank n
bank inwestycyjny
financial institution

investment banking n
bankowość inwestycyjna
activities of an investment bank

investment fund n
fundusz inwestycyjny
type of fund

investor /ɪnˈvɛs.tə(ɹ)/ /ɪnˈvɛs.tɚ/ n
inwestor inwestorka
person who invests money in order to make a profit

inveterate /ɪnˈvɛtəɹɪt/ adj
zakorzeniony
firmly established
whose habits are firmly established

invigilation n
inwigilacja
act of invigilating

invincibility /ɪnˌvɪn.səˈbɪl.ə.ti/ [ɪnˌvɪn.səˈbɪl.ə.ɾi] n
niezwyciężoność
state or quality of being invincible

invincible /ɪnˈvɪn.sə.bəl/ /ɪnˈvɪn.sɪ.bəl/ adj
niezwyciężony
impossible to defeat, destroy or kill

invincible /ɪnˈvɪn.sə.bəl/ /ɪnˈvɪn.sɪ.bəl/ n
niezwyciężony niezwyciężona
someone who cannot be defeated, destroyed or killed

inviolable /ɪnˈvaɪələbl̩/ adj
nienaruszalny nietykalny
not violable; not to be infringed

invisibility n
niewidzialność
the state of being invisible

invisible /ɪnˈvɪzəb(ə)l/ adj
niewidzialny niewidoczny
unable to be seen

invisible hand n
niewidzialna ręka rynku
invisible hand

invisible ink n
atrament sympatyczny
invisible ink that can later be rendered visible

invitation /ɪn.vɪˈteɪ.ʃn̩/ /ɪn.vɪˈteɪ.ʃən/ n
zaproszenie
document or spoken words conveying the message by which one is invited
act of inviting

invite /ɪnˈvaɪt/ v
prosić
request formally
zapraszać zaprosić
ask for the presence or participation of someone

invocation /ˌɪn.voʊ.ˈkeɪ.ʃən/ n
wywołanie
(programming) act of invoking, such as a function call

invoice /ˈɪnˌvɔɪs/ n
faktura
bill

invoke /ɪnˈvoʊk/ /ɪnˈvəʊk/ v
apelować zaapelować
appeal for validation to a (notably cited) authority
wywołać wywoływać
(computing) cause to execute

involucre /ɪnvəˈluːkə(ɹ)/ n
okrywa
conspicuous bract

involuntarily /ɪnˈvɒləntɹɪli/ /ɪnˌvɑlənˈtɛɹɪli/ adv
niechcący machinalnie mimowolnie
in an involuntary manner

involuntary /ɪnˈvɑl.ənˌtɛ.ɹi/ /ɪnˈvɒl.ən.tɹi/ adj
mimowolny
without intention; unintentional
not voluntary or willing

involution /ɪnvəˈluːʃən/ n
inwolucja
mathematics; an endofunction whose square is equal to the identity function; a function equal to its inverse

involutive adj
inwolucyjny

involve /ɪnˈvɑlv/ /ɪnˈvɒlv/ v
angażować zaangażować
to cause or engage (someone or something) to become connected or implicated, or to participate, in some activity or situation

involvement n
zaangażowanie
the act of involving or state of being involved

invulnerable adj
niewrażliwy
incapable of being wounded

iodate n
jodan
anion or salt

iodide /ˈɑɪ.ə.ˌdɑɪd/ n
jodek
binary compound

iodine /ˈaɪ.əˌdaɪn, -dɪn, -diːn/ n
jod
element
jodyna jod
antiseptic

ion /ˈaɪ.ɑn/ /ˈaɪ.ɒn/ /ˈaɪən/ n
jon
atom or group of atoms bearing an electrical charge

ion channel n
kanał jonowy
membrane protein(s) allowing ions to pass

ionization /ˌaɪənɪˈzeɪʃən/ n
jonizacja
any process that leads to dissociation

ionize /ˈaɪ.ə.naɪz/ v
jonizować zjonizować
to dissociate atoms or molecules into electrically charged species

ionosphere n
jonosfera
part of Earth's atmosphere

iota /aɪˈoʊtə/ /aɪˈəʊtə/ n
jota
Greek letter
small quantity

iotation /aɪoʊˈteɪʃən/ /aɪəʊˈteɪʃən/ n
jotacyzacja
process occurring in Slavic languages or elsewhere

ipecacuanha /ɪpɪkakjuːˈænə/ n
ipekakuana wymiotnica
flowering plant

ir- prefix
nie-
not; negation

irascible /aɪˈɹæs.ɪ.bəl/ /ɪˈɹæs.ə.bəl/ /ɪˈɹæs.ɪ.bəl/ adj
wybuchowy drażliwy gniewny
prone to anger

ire /aɪ.ə(ɹ)/ /aɪɹ/ n
furia wściekłość
great anger

iridescence /ˌɪɹ.ɪˈdɛs.əns/ n
iryzacja tęczowanie
The condition or state of being iridescent; exhibition of colors like those of the rainbow; a prismatic play of color

iridium /ɪˈɹɪd.i.əm/ n
iryd
chemical element

iris /aɪɹɪs/ /ʌɪɹɪs/ /ˈaɪ.ɹɪs/ [əɪɹɪs] n
kosaciec irys tęczówka
plant of the genus Iris
tęczówka kosaciec
part of the eye

irk /ɜːk/ /ɝk/ v
drażnić
to irritate; annoy; bother

iron /ˈaɪ.ən/ /ˈaɪ.ɚn/ /ˈaɪ.ɹən/ adj
żelazny
strong, inflexible
żelazny żelazo
made of iron

iron /ˈaɪ.ən/ /ˈaɪ.ɚn/ /ˈaɪ.ɹən/ n
żelazo
chemical element Fe
type of golf club

iron /ˈaɪ.ən/ /ˈaɪ.ɚn/ /ˈaɪ.ɹən/ v
prasować uprasować wyprasować
to pass an iron over clothing

iron curtain n
żelazna kurtyna
impenetrable barrier
barrier in theatre

iron deficiency n
niedobór żelaza

iron filings n
opiłki żelaza
small fragments of iron

iron lung n
żelazne płuco
a pneumonic device for assisted breathing

iron ore n
ruda żelaza
ore containing iron

iron out v
rozprasować rozprasowywać
to remove with an iron

ironclad n
murowany
solid or certain

ironic /aɪˈɹɑn.ɪk/ /aɪˈɹɒn.ɪk/ adj
ironiczny
characterized by irony

ironically adv
ironicznie
In an ironic manner

ironing n
prasowanie
act of pressing clothes with an iron

ironing board n
deska
a flat-chested woman
deska do prasowania deska do prasowania
a long board on which one can iron

irony /ˈaɪ.ɚ.ni/ /ˈaɪə.ni/ adj
żelazny
of or pertaining to iron

irony /ˈaɪ.ɚ.ni/ /ˈaɪ.ɹə.ni/ /ˈaɪə.ɹən.i/ n
ironia
statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally
condition contrary to expectations

irradiate /ɪˈɹeɪdieɪt/ /ɪˈɹeɪdiət/ v
napromieniować napromieniowywać
to apply radiation to

irradiation n
napromieniowanie
an act of irradiating, or state of being irradiated

irrational /ɪˈɹæʃ.(ə.)nəl/ adj
irracjonalny nieracjonalny
unfounded or nonsensical
niewymierny irracjonalny
mathematics: of a number

irrational /ɪˈɹæʃ.(ə.)nəl/ n
liczba niewymierna
irrational number

irrational number n
liczba niewymierna
real number that is not rational

irrationalism n
irracjonalizm
philosophical movement

irrationality n
bezrozum bezrozumność
want of reason

irrationally adv
bezrozumnie
in an irrational manner

irrecoverable adj
niepowetowany
incapable of being recovered

irredentism /ɪɹɪˈdɛntɪzəm/ n
irredentyzm
an annexation doctrine

irredentist /ɪɹɪˈdɛntɪst/ n
irredentysta
adherent of irredentism

irreducible /ˌɪɹɪˈdjuːsɪbəl/ adj
nieredukowalny
(mathematics, of an integer) unable to be factored into smaller integers
not able to be reduced or lessened

irrefutable /ɪˈɹɛfjuːtəbəl/ /ɪˈɹɛfjətəbəl/ /ˌɪɹəˈfjuːtəbəl/ /ˌɪɹɪˈfjuːtəbəl/ adj
niepodważalny
undeniable, unable to be disproved

irregular /ɪˈɹeɡ.jə.lə/ /ɪˈɹɛɡ.jə.lɚ/ /ɪˈɹɛɡ.jʊ.lə/ adj
nieregularny
in grammar, applied to words
non-standard

irregularization n
czynienie nieregularnym
process of making something irregular

irregularize v
czynić nieregularnym

irregularly /ɪˈɹɛɡjʊləli/ adv
akcyjnie
in an irregular manner; without rule, method, or order

irrelevance n
nieistotność
lack of relationship with the topic at hand, lack of importance

irrelevancy n
błahość
the quality of being irrelevant or inapplicable

irrelevant /ɪˈɹɛl.ə.vənt/ adj
nieistotny nie à propos niepowiązany niezwiązany
not related, not applicable, unimportant, not connected

irrelevantly adv
bezsensownie od rzeczy
in an irrelevant manner

irreligion /ˌɪɹ.ɪˈlɪd͡ʒ.ən/ n
niereligijność areligijność bezreligijność
state of being irreligious

irreligiosity n
areligijność
the quality of being irreligious

irreligious /ˌɪɹɪˈlɪd͡ʒəs/ adj
areligijny niereligijny
having no relation to religion
niereligijny
rejecting religion consciously

irreligiously adv
areligijnie niereligijnie

irremediable adj
nieuleczalny
unable to be remedied

irreparable /ɪˈɹɛp(ə)ɹəbəl/ adj
nie do naprawienia nienaprawialny
that is unable to be repaired

irreplaceability n
niezastąpioność
quality of being irreplaceable

irreplaceable adj
niezastąpiony
that cannot be replaced

irrepressible adj
niepohamowany niepowstrzymany
not containable or controllable

irreproachable adj
nienaganny nieposzlakowany nieskazitelny
free from blame

irresistible /ˌɪɹ.ɪˈzɪs.tə.bəl/ adj
nieodparty
not able to be resisted

irresistible grace n
łaska skuteczna
Calvinist doctrine

irresolution /ɪɹɛzəˈluːʃən/ n
niezdecydowanie
lack of resolution or decision

irresponsibility n
nieodpowiedzialność
character or state of being irresponsible

irresponsible /ˌɪɹ.əˈspɑn.sə.bəl/ /ˌɪɹ.ɪˈspɒn.sə.bəl/ /ˌɪɹ.ɪˈspɔn.sə.bəl/ [ˌɪɹ.ɪˈspɔn.sə.bl̩] adj
nieodpowiedzialny lekkomyślny
lacking a sense of responsibility

irresponsibly /ˌɪ.ɹɪ.ˈspɑːn.sə.bli/ /ˌɪ.ɹɪ.ˈspɒn.sə.bli/ adv
nieodpowiedzialnie
in an irresponsible manner

irretrievable adj
niepowetowany
Not retrievable

irreverent adj
bez szacunku
lacking respect or seriousness

irreversibility n
nieodwracalność
The quality of being irreversible

irreversible /ˌɪr.ɪˈvɜː.sə.bəl/ /ˌɪr.ɪˈvɝ.sə.bəl/ adj
nieodwołalny
incapable of being reversed, recalled, repealed, or annulled
nieodwracalny
incapable of being reversed

irreversibly adv
bezpowrotnie nieodwracalnie niepowetowanie
In an irreversible manner

irrevocable /ɪɹiˈvoʊkəb(ə)l/ /ɪɹəˈvoʊkəb(ə)l/ /ɪɹɪˈvəʊkəb(ə)l/ /ɪˈɹɛvəkəb(ə)l/ adj
nieodwołalny
unable to be retracted or reversed

irrevocably adv
bezapelacyjnie nieodwołalnie
in an irrevocable manner

irrigate /ˈɪɹəˌɡeɪt/ v
nawadniać nawodnić zraszać zrosić
to supply farmland with water
przemywać przemyć
to clean a wound with a fluid

irrigation /ˌɪɹəˈɡeɪʃən/ n
irygacja nawadnianie
the act or process of irrigating

irritable bowel syndrome n
zespół jelita drażliwego
functional disorder of the large intestine

irritate /ˈɪɹ.ɪˌteɪt/ v
irytować denerwować drażnić rozdrażniać sierdzić wkurwiać
to cause or induce displeasure or irritation

irritating adj
irytujący
causing irritation, annoyance or pain

is anyone here a doctor phraseologicalUnit
czy ktoś tu jest lekarzem?
is anyone here a doctor?

is anyone sitting here phraseologicalUnit
czy to miejsce jest wolne?
is anyone sitting here?

is it just me phraseologicalUnit
czy tylko ja tak myślę?

is it safe here phraseologicalUnit
jest tu bezpiecznie?
is it safe here?

is that so phraseologicalUnit
doprawdy?
really

is there a grocery store nearby phraseologicalUnit
czy jest w pobliżu sklep spożywczy?
is there a grocery store?

is there a problem phraseologicalUnit
jest jakiś problem?

isabelline shrike n
dzierzba pustynna
Lanius isabellinus

isabelline wheatear n
białorzytka płowa
Oenanthe isabellina

ischemia /ɪˈski.mi.aɪ/ /ɪˈski.mi.ə/ /ɪˈskiː.mi.aɪ/ /ɪˈskiː.mi.ə/ n
niedokrwienie
local disturbance in blood circulation due to mechanical obstruction of the blood supply

isentropic adj
izentropowy
having a constant entropy

isinglass /ˈaɪzɪŋɡlæs/ /ˈaɪzɪŋɡlɑːs/ n
karuk
gelatine obtained from fish

island /ˈaɪ̯lənd/ n
wyspa
area of land completely surrounded by water
entity surrounded by other entities that are very different from itself

island state n
państwo wyspiarskie
state consisting of one or more islands

islander /ˈaɪləndə/ /ˈaɪləndɚ/ n
wyspiarz wyspiarka
person who lives on an island

islet /ˈaɪ.lət/ n
wysepka
small island

ism /ˈɪz.əm/ n
izm
ideology, system of thought or practice

isn't /ˈɪn(t)/ /ˈɪzənt/ v
nie jest nie ma
is not

isn't it so phraseologicalUnit
czyż nie
isn't it so?

iso- /aɪsoʊ-/ prefix
izo-
equal

isobar n
izobara
line on a map connecting places of equal pressure

isocost n
izokoszta
curve

isogloss /-sə-/ /ˈaɪsoɡlɒs/ /ˈaɪsə(ʊ̯)ɡlɒs/ /ˈaɪsəɡlɑs/ /ˈʌɪ-/ n
izoglosa
line indicating geographical boundaries of a linguistic feature

isohyet /ˈaɪ.soʊˌhaɪ.ɪt/ n
izohieta
a line of equal or constant rainfall on a graph or chart

isohypse n
poziomica
line connecting points of equal height

isolate /ˈaɪ.sə.leɪt/ /ˈaɪ.sə.lət/ v
izolować
transitive, chemistry: to separate a substance in pure form from a mixture
transitive, microbiology: to separate a pure strain of bacteria etc. from a mixed culture
transitive: to insulate an electrical component from a source of electricity
transitive: to insulate, or make free of external influence
transitive: to place in quarantine or isolation
odizolować odizolowywać
transitive: to set apart or cut off from others

isolation /ˌaɪsəˈleɪʃən/ n
izolacja
act of isolating
medicine: separation of a patient from others
izolacja odosobnienie
state of being isolated

isolation transformer n
transformator separacyjny
transformer galvanically isolating from the source

isolationism /ˌaɪsəˈleɪʃəˌnɪzəm/ n
autarkia autarkizm izolacjonizm
policy of non-interaction

isolationist n
izolacjonista izolacjonistka
one who advocates or supports isolationism

isolator n
izolator
electrical device that detects short circuits

isomer /ˈaɪ.sə.mə/ /ˈaɪ.sə.mɚ/ n
izomer
chemistry: compounds
physics: atomic nuclei

isomerase /aɪˈsɑməˌɹeɪs/ /aɪˈsɒməˌɹeɪz/ n
izomeraza
enzyme for the conversion of isomeric forms

isometric /ˌaɪ.soʊˈmɛt.ɹɪk/ /ˌaɪ.səʊˈmɛt.ɹɪk/ /ˌaɪ.səˈmɛt.ɹɪk/ adj
izometryczny
exhibiting equality in dimensions

isomorphic /ˌaɪ.soʊˈmɔɹ.fɪk/ /ˌaɪ.səˈmɔː.fɪk/ adj
izomorficzny
(mathematics) related by an isomorphism

isonomia n
izonomia
equal law or right

isopentane n
izopentan
aliphatic hydrocarbon: 2-methylbutane

isopod /ˈaɪ.sə(ʊ)ˌpɒd/ /ˈaɪ.səˌpɒd/ n
równonóg
crustacean of the order Isopoda

isoprene /ˈaɪsə(ʊ)pɹiːn/ /ˈaɪsəˌpɹin/ n
izopren
isoprene

isoquant n
izokwanta
line of equal or constant economic production

isosceles /aɪˈsɒsəliːz/ adj
równoramienny
having two sides of equal length, used especially of an isosceles triangle or trapezoid

isosceles triangle n
trójkąt równoramienny
triangle having two sides equal

isospectral adj
[[izo-]]spektralny

isothermic adj
izotermiczny
during which the temperature remains constant
of equal or constant temperature with respect to space, volume, or pressure

isotone n
izoton
Any of a number of nuclides of different elements

isotonic /ˌɑɪ.sə.ˈtɑː.nɪk/ adj
izotoniczny
having the same osmotic pressure

isotope /ˈaɪ.sə.toʊp/ /ˈaɪ.sə.təʊp/ n
izotop
atoms of the same element having a different number of neutrons

isotopic adj
izotopowy
relating to isotopes

isotropic adj
izotropowy
having properties which are equivalent in all directions

isotype n
izotyp
A duplicate of holotype

issuance n
wydanie
act of issuing

issue /ˈɪsjuː/ /ˈɪʃ(j)u/ /ˈɪʃ(j)uː/ n
egzemplarz wydanie
a single edition of a periodical publication
emisja
financial instrument
problem
problem or concern

issue /ˈɪsjuː/ /ˈɪʃ(j)u/ /ˈɪʃ(j)uː/ v
emitować
to send out; to put into circulation

isthmus /ˈɪs.məs/ /ˈɪst.məs/ /ˈɪsθ.məs/ /ˈɪz.məs/ n
przesmyk istm istmus międzymorze
strip of land

it /ɘt/ /ət/ /ɪt/ [ɪt] [ɪ̈t] [ɪ̈ʔ] n
berek
The person who chases others in the game of tag

it /ɘt/ /ət/ /ɪt/ [ɪt] [ɪ̈t] [ɪ̈ʔ] pronoun
to ono
subject — inanimate thing

it ain't over 'til the fat lady sings proverb
dopóki piłka w grze, wszystko jest możliwe
there are more developments yet to come

it can't be helped phraseologicalUnit
nic się z tym nie da zrobić
it is inevitable

it depends phraseologicalUnit
to zależy
it depends

it doesn't matter phraseologicalUnit
nie ma znaczenia nieważne
it doesn't matter

it happens phraseologicalUnit
zdarza się
worrying is not necessary

it is easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle than for a rich man to enter into the kingdom of God proverb
łatwiej jest wielbłądowi przejść przez ucho igielne, niż bogatemu wejść do królestwa niebieskiego
proverb

it is easy to find a stick to beat a dog proverb
jak się chce psa uderzyć, kij się znajdzie

it is what it is phraseologicalUnit
jest jak jest
this thing has its own nature

it never rains but it pours proverb
nieszczęścia chodzą parami
unfortunate events occur in quantity

it takes all kinds to make a world proverb
na świecie różnie bywa
Diversity is essential

it takes one to know one proverb
swój swojego zawsze pozna
an insult which is true about both the sender and the receiver

it takes two to tango proverb
do tanga trzeba dwojga
some things need the active cooperation of two parties

it was delicious phraseologicalUnit
był przepyszny
phrase said to compliment a meal after eating it

it's a deal phraseologicalUnit
zgoda

it's a small world phraseologicalUnit
jaki ten świat mały
phrase used when meeting an acquaintance or personal connection in an unexpected place or context

it's all Greek to me /ɪts ˌɔːl ˈɡɹiːk tə ˌmiː/ phraseologicalUnit
to dla mnie chińszczyzna
I don’t understand any of it

it's an emergency phraseologicalUnit
to jest pilne to nagły wypadek
it's an emergency

it's cold outside phraseologicalUnit
jest chłodno na dworze jest chłodno na polu
it's cold outside (weather)

it's not my fault phraseologicalUnit
to nie moja wina
I did not cause the problem

it's raining phraseologicalUnit
pada deszcz
it's raining

it's snowing phraseologicalUnit
pada śnieg
it's snowing

it's the thought that counts proverb
liczy się gest
when giving someone a present or doing a favour for someone, the kindness is more important than any other consideration

it's too expensive phraseologicalUnit
to jest za drogie
it's too expensive

italic /aɪˈtælɪk/ /ɪˈtælɪk/ n
kursywa
typeface whose letters slant to the right

itch /ɪt͡ʃ/ n
swędzenie świąd świerzbienie
a sensation felt on an area of the skin that causes a person or animal to want to scratch

itch /ɪt͡ʃ/ v
swędzieć świerzbić
to feel the need to scratch

itch mite n
świerzbowiec
Sarcoptes scabiei

itching powder n
proszek swędzący

item /ˈaɪ.təm/ /ˈɑɪ.təm/ [ˈaɪ̯.ɾm̩] [ˈaɪ̯.ɾəm] [ˈɑɪ.ɾəm] n
przedmiot rzecz obiekt artykuł sztuka
distinct physical object

iteration /ɪtəɹˈeɪʃən/ n
iteracja
repetition in a computer program
single repetition of the code

iterative /ˈɪt(ə)ɹətɪv/ /ˈɪtəˌɹeɪtɪv/ [ˈɪt.əˌɹeɪ.tɪv] [ˈɪɾ.(ə.)ɹə.tɪv] [ˈɪɾ.(ə.)ɹə.ɾɪv] [ˈɪɾ.əˌɹeɪ.tɪv] [ˈɪɾ.əˌɹeɪ.ɾɪv] adj
iteracyjny
of a procedure that involves repetition

itinerary /aɪˈtɪnə(ɹə)ɹi/ /aɪˈtɪnəɹɛɹi/ n
marszruta plan podróży trasa podróży
route or proposed route of a journey

its /ɪts/ pronoun
jego jej swój ów
that which belongs to it

itself /ɪtˈsɛlf/ pronoun
ono samo
(emphatic) it
się
(reflexive) it

ivory /ˈaɪv(ə)ɹi/ n
kość słoniowa
material
colour

ivory gull n
mewa modrodzioba
Pagophila eburnea

ivory tower /ˈaɪvəɹi ˈtaʊə/ /ˈaɪvəɹi ˈtaʊɚ/ n
wieża z kości słoniowej
overly-academic perspective

ivy /ˈaɪvi/ n
bluszcz
plant of the genus Hedera

ivylike adj
bluszczowaty

jab /d͡ʒæb/ n
cios prosty
(boxing) a short straight punch
zaczepka
a verbal annoyance

jab /d͡ʒæb/ v
bodnąć bóść
to poke or thrust abruptly
uderzać
to deliver a quick punch
wstrzykiwać wstrzyknąć
(slang) to give someone an injection

jabber /ˈd͡ʒæbə(ɹ)/ n
bełkot gadanina terkot
gibberish

jabber /ˈd͡ʒæbə(ɹ)/ v
bełkotać paplać trajkotać
to gabble

jabot /ˈʒæ.bəʊ/ n
żabot
a cascading or ornamental frill down the front of a blouse

jacamar n
złotopiór
any of various insectivorous tropical birds of the family Galbulidae

jacinth /ˈd͡ʒeɪ.sɪnθ/ /ˈd͡ʒæ.sɪnθ/ n
hiacynt
a gemstone

jack /d͡ʒæk/ n
lewar
device for raising and supporting a heavy object

jack of all trades n
omnibus
one competent in many endeavors

jack of clubs n
walet trefl
playing card

jack shit pronoun
chuj gówno ni cholery ni chuja
(vulgar) nothing, anything

jack-o'-lantern /ˈdʒæk.oʊˌlæn.tɚn/ /ˈdʒæk.əʊˌlæn.tən/ /ˈdʒæk.əˌlæn.tɚn/ n
latarnia z dyni
carved pumpkin

jackal /ˈd͡ʒækəl/ n
szakal
wild canine

jackass n
osioł
male donkey
foolish or stupid person

jackdaw /ˈdʒækˌdɔː/ /ˈd͡ʒækˌdɑ/ /ˈd͡ʒækˌdɔ/ n
kawka
Coloeus monedula

jacket /ˈd͡ʒæk.ət/ /ˈd͡ʒæk.ɪt/ n
kurtka
piece of clothing worn on the upper body outside a shirt or blouse
marynarka żakiet
piece of a person's suit

jackfruit n
chlebowiec różnolistny
jackfruit tree
dżakfrut jackfruit
the fruit

jackhammer n
młot pneumatyczny
portable percussive drill device

jackpot /ˈd͡ʒækpɒt/ n
główna wygrana
accumulating money prize pool

jacksnipe n
bekasik
Lymnocryptes minimus

jacuzzi /d͡ʒəˈkuːzi/ n
jacuzzi
hot tub or whirlpool bath with underwater jets that massage the body

jade /d͡ʒeɪd/ n
żad
gem
chabeta szkapa
horse too old to be put to work

jaded /ˈd͡ʒeɪdɪd/ adj
sterany
Worn out, wearied, or lacking enthusiasm; exhausted
zblazowany
Cynically insensitive; made callous by experience

jadeite /ˈd͡ʒeɪˌdaɪt/ n
jadeit
mineral

jaeger /ˈjeɪɡə/ /ˈjeɪɡəɹ/ n
jegier
soldier

jaggery /ˈdʒæɡəɹi/ /ˈdʒæɡɹi/ /ˈd͡ʒæɡəɹi/ n
jaggery
traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar

jaguar /ˈd͡ʒæɡ.(j)u.ɑɹ/ /ˈd͡ʒæɡ.juː.ɑː/ /ˈd͡ʒæɡ.juː.ə/ /ˈd͡ʒæɡ.jʊə/ /ˈd͡ʒæɡ.waɪɚ/ /ˈd͡ʒæɡ.wɑɹ/ n
jaguar
Panthera onca

jail /d͡ʒeɪ(ə)l/ n
więzienie
confinement
place for short-term confinement

jailbird n
kryminalista
prisoner or ex-prisoner

jailer /ˈd͡ʒeɪlə(ɹ)/ n
strażniczka więzienna strażnik więzienny
one who guards inmates

jalapeño /d͡ʒəˈlæpənoʊ/ /ˌdʒæləˈpiːnəʊ/ /ˌhæ.ləˈpeɪn.joʊ/ /ˌhæ.ləˈpeɪn.oʊ/ /ˌhæ.ləˈpin.oʊ/ /ˌhæl.əˈpeɪn.jəʊ/ /ˌhæləˈpiːnəʊ/ /ˌhæləˈpɛnjəʊ/ /ˌhɑ.ləˈpeɪn.joʊ/ /ˌhɑ.ləˈpeɪn.oʊ/ /ˌhɑ.ləˈpin.joʊ/ /ˌhɑ.ləˈpin.oʊ/ [-pe(ɪ)n-] [-pɛn-] [ˌhaləˈpiːnjo] n
jalapeño
variety of hot chili pepper

jalopy /d͡ʒəˈlɒ.pi/ n
gruchot
old, dilapidated car

jam /ˈdʒæːm/ /ˈd͡ʒæm/ n
dżem
sweet mixture of fruit boiled with sugar
korek
blockage, congestion

jam /ˈdʒæːm/ /ˈd͡ʒæm/ v
wciskać wcisnąć
to force something into a space
zagłuszać
to block or confuse a broadcast signal
zakorkować zatkać
to cause congestion or blockage

jam session n
jam session
impromptu informal performance

jamb /d͡ʒæm/ n
węgar węgarek
vertical component that form the side of an opening in a wall

jamboree /ˌdʒæm.bəˈɹiː/ n
jamboree
rally of Scouts or Guides

jammer /ˈd͡ʒæmɚ/ n
zakłócacz
device used to jam radio reception

janissary /-səɹi/ /ˈdʒanɪzəɹi/ /ˈd͡ʒænəˌzeɹi/ /ˈja-/ n
janczar
former Turkish soldier

janitor /ˈd͡ʒænɪtə/ /ˈd͡ʒænɪtɚ/ n
odźwierny portier portierka
doorman
woźna woźny
caretaker

janitress n
woźna
a female janitor

jar /dʒaː/ /dʒɐː/ /dʒɑː/ /d͡ʒɑɹ/ [d͡ʒaː(ɹ)] [d͡ʒɐː(ɹ)] [d͡ʒɑɹ] n
słoik słój
small, approximately cylindrical container

jararaca n
żararaka
Bothrops jararaca

jargon /ˈdʒɑː.ɡən/ /ˈd͡ʒɑɹ.ɡən/ n
żargon
language characteristic of a particular group
technical terminology unique to a particular subject

jarl /jɑɹl̩/ /jɑːl/ n
jarl
medieval Scandinavian nobleman, especially in Norway and Denmark

jasmine /ˈd͡ʒæzmɪn/ n
jaśmin
plant of genus Jasminum
perfume

jasper /ˈdʒæs.pə/ /ˈd͡ʒæs.pɚ/ n
jaspis
precious stone

jaundice /ˈd͡ʒændɚz/ /ˈd͡ʒɑndɚz/ /ˈd͡ʒɔndɚz/ /ˈd͡ʒɔndɪs/ /ˈd͡ʒɔːndɪs/ n
żółtaczka
morbid condition

javelin /ˈd͡ʒæv.(ə.)lɪn/ n
oszczep
spear used as a weapon
spear used in athletic competition

javelin throw n
rzut oszczepem
athletic event where a javelin is thrown

javelin thrower n
oszczepniczka oszczepnik
athlete who competes in the javelin throw

javelineer n
oszczepnik
soldier who throws a javelin

jaw /d͡ʒɑ/ /d͡ʒɔ/ /d͡ʒɔː/ n
szczęka żuchwa czeluść
bone of the jaw

jaw-dropping /ˈd͡ʒɔ ˌdɹɑpɪŋ/ /ˈd͡ʒɔː ˌdɹɒpɪŋ/ adj
zadziwiający zaskakujący
causing great awe or surprise

jawbone n
dolna szczęka żuchwa
bone of the lower jaw
szczęka
any of the bones in the jaw

jaws of life n
szczęki życia
emergency rescue equipment

jay /ˈd͡ʒeɪ/ n
sójka
bird
jot
name of the letter J, j

jazz /d͡ʒæz/ n
bzdura
nonsense
cała reszta różne takie
the (in)tangible substance that goes into the makeup of a thing; unspecified thing(s)
jazz dżez
musical art form
świetny
of excellent quality, the genuine article

jazz /d͡ʒæz/ v
dżezować jazzować
to play jazz music

jazz band n
dżezbend jazz-band jazzband
group of musicians who play jazz music

jazzily adv
jazzowo
In a jazzy way

jazzist n
dżezista jazzista
A jazz musician

jazzman n
dżezmen jazzman
A male member of a jazz band

jealous /ˈd͡ʒɛləs/ adj
zazdrosny
suspecting rivalry in love; fearful of being replaced, in position or in affection
envious; feeling resentful of someone for a perceived advantage, material or otherwise

jealously adv
zazdrośnie
jealously

jealousy /ˈd͡ʒɛləsi/ n
zazdrość
jealous attitude (e.g. fear of infidelity)
zazdrość zawiść
a resentment towards someone for a perceived advantage or superiority they hold
close, zealous vigilance, envy

jeans /d͡ʒiːnz/ n
dżinsy jeansy teksasy
denim trousers

jeep /d͡ʒiːp/ n
dżip
vehicle

jeer /d͡ʒɪə(ɹ)/ /d͡ʒɪɹ/ v
kpić wyśmiewać
to scoff or mock

jejunum /dʒɪˈdʒuːnəm/ n
jelito czcze
central of the three divisions of the small intestine

jelly /ˈd͡ʒɛl.i/ n
auszpik galareta galart zimne nóżki
meat dish
dupsko zad
large backside
galaretka
dessert made by boiling gelatin

jellyfish /ˈd͡ʒɛliˌfɪʃ/ n
meduza
aquatic animal

jereed n
dziryt
blunt javelin

jeremiad /ˌd͡ʒɛɹ.əˈmaɪ.əd/ n
jeremiada
long speech or prose work

jerk /d͡ʒɜːk/ /d͡ʒɝk/ n
zryw
physics: rate of change in acceleration

jerk off v
walić konia trzepać gruchę
to masturbate

jerkin /ˈd͡ʒɜː.kɪn/ /ˈd͡ʒɝ.kɪn/ n
bezrękawnik kamizelka serdak
a sleeveless jacket, usually leather

jerrycan /ˈd͡ʒɛɹiˌkæn/ /ˈd͡ʒɛɹɪˌkæn/ n
kanister
pressed-steel fuel container

jersey /ˈd͡ʒɜːzi/ /ˈd͡ʒɝzi/ n
dżersej
garment knitted from wool, worn over the upper body
type of fabric knit

jester /ˈd͡ʒɛs.tə/ /ˈd͡ʒɛs.tɚ/ n
błazen
one who jests

jet /d͡ʒɛt/ n
dysza
carburetor part
spout or nozzle
silnik odrzutowy
engine
strumień
stream of fluid
gagat
coal

jet /d͡ʒɛt/ v
wytrysnąć
to spray with liquid, to gush, to spurt

jet engine n
silnik odrzutowy
engine that obtains thrust by ejecting a jet

jet lag n
jet lag jetlag
physical condition

jet pack n
jet pack
Equipment worn on the back for vertical thrust

jet plane n
odrzutowiec samolot odrzutowy
an airplane that is powered by a jet engine

jet ski n
skuter wodny
small motorized water craft

jet stream n
prąd strumieniowy
air current

jet-black n
kruczoczarny
the blackest black

jettison /-zn̩/ /ˈd͡ʒɛtɪsn̩/ /ˈd͡ʒɛtɪsən/ /ˈd͡ʒɛɾəsən/ /ˈd͡ʒɛɾɪsn̩/ n
balast
collectively, items that have been or are about to be ejected from a boat or balloon

jeunesse dorée n
złota młodzież
rich and fashionable young people

jewel /d͡ʒul/ /ˈd͡ʒu.əl/ /ˈd͡ʒuːl/ /ˈd͡ʒuːəl/ /ˈd͡ʒʊəl/ n
klejnot
valuable object for ornamentation
klejnot kamień szlachetny
gemstone
klejnot perła skarb
anything precious or valuable

jewel box n
szkatuła szkatułka
box for storing jewels

jeweler /ˈd͡ʒu(ə)lɚ/ /ˈd͡ʒuːələ/ n
jubiler jubilerka
a person whose job is making, repairing or selling jewelry

jeweller's n
jubiler sklep jubilerski
a shop that sells jewellery

jewellery /ˈd͡ʒuː(ə)ləɹi/ /ˈd͡ʒuː(ə)lɹi/ /ˈd͡ʒʊ(ə)lɹi/ n
biżuteria
personal ornamentation

jib /d͡ʒɪb/ n
kliwer
triangular staysail
wysięgnik
projecting arm of a crane

jib boom n
bomstenga bukszpir kliwerbom
spar attached to the outboard

jiffy /ˈd͡ʒɪ.fi/ n
chwilka
very short, unspecified length of time

jiggermast n
czwarty w wysokości maszt
fourth-tallest mast

jigsaw /ˈd͡ʒɪɡsɔː/ n
laubzega wyrzynarka
A saw with fine teeth and a narrow blade

jigsaw puzzle n
puzzle składanka układanka
type of puzzle

jihad /d͡ʒəˈhɑːd/ /d͡ʒɪˈhæd/ /d͡ʒɪˈhɑːd/ /ˈd͡ʒiːhæd/ /ˈd͡ʒiːhɑːd/ n
dżihad
holy war undertaken by Muslims
personal spiritual struggle

jihadist n
dżihadysta dżihadystka
one who participates in a jihad

jimsonweed n
bieluń
Any Datura
bieluń dziędzierzawa diabelskie ziele
Datura stramonium

jingle bell /ˈd͡ʒɪŋɡ(ə)l ˌbɛl/ /ˈd͡ʒɪŋɡl̩ bɛl/ n
bubieniec
small, hollow, spherical metal bell with a narrow slit opening or small holes, containing a loose ball or rod as a clapper

jingoism /ˈd͡ʒɪŋɡəʊɪz(ə)m/ n
hurrapatriotyzm
extreme patriotism in the form of aggressive foreign policy

jinn /d͡ʒɪn/ n
dżin
spirit

jinx /d͡ʒɪŋks/ interjection
moje szczęście, twój pech raz, dwa, trzy, moje szczęście
Used after simultaneous speech

jinx /d͡ʒɪŋks/ v
zapeszyć
To bring bad luck to

jizya n
dżizja
per capita tax

job /d͡ʒɑb/ /d͡ʒɒb/ n
praca
economic role for which a person is paid
praca zadanie zajęcie
task

job center n
urząd pracy pośredniak
agency

job description n
zakres obowiązków

job fair n
targi pracy
event

job interview n
rozmowa kwalifikacyjna interview rozmowa o pracę
interview attended by a job applicant

job offer n
oferta pracy
an offer to give someone employment

job security n
bezpieczeństwo zatrudnienia
The probability that an individual will keep his/her job

joblessness n
bezrobocie
unemployment

jobseeker n
osoba poszukująca pracy
person seeking employment

jobseeking n
poszukiwanie pracy

jockey /ˈdʒɒki/ n
dżokej
one who rides racehorses competitively

jockstrap /ˈd͡ʒɑkstɹæp/ /ˈd͡ʒɒkstɹæp/ n
suspensorium
an athletic supporter

jocular /ˈd͡ʒɑkjəlɚ/ /ˈd͡ʒɒkjʊlə/ adj
żartobliwy
humorous, amusing, joking

jodhpurs /ˈd͡ʒɑdpɚz/ /ˈd͡ʒɒdpəz/ /ˈd͡ʒəʊdpəz/ n
bryczesy
flared riding trousers of heavy cloth

jog /d͡ʒɑɡ/ /d͡ʒɒɡ/ v
biegać
to move in an energetic trot

jogging /ˈd͡ʒɑ.ɡɪŋ/ /ˈd͡ʒɒɡ.ɪŋ/ /ˈd͡ʒɔɡ.ɪŋ/ n
jogging
form of exercise

joie de vivre /ˌʒwɑ də ˈviv(ɹə)/ /ˌʒwɑː də ˈviːvɹə/ n
radość życia
enjoyment of living, zest for life

join /ˈd͡ʒɔɪn/ v
dołączać dołączyć przyłączać przyłączyć
to come into the company of
połączyć łączyć
to combine more than one item into one; to put together
to come together; to meet
wstąpić przystąpić przystępować wstępować
to become a member of

join the club phraseologicalUnit
witaj w klubie
expression of sympathy

joiner /ˈd͡ʒɔɪnə/ /ˈd͡ʒɔɪnɚ/ n
stolarz
maker of wooden furniture

joinery n
zakład stolarski
factory producing wooden products

joint /d͡ʒɔɪnt/ adj
wspólny
done by two or more people or organisations working together

joint /d͡ʒɔɪnt/ n
cios
geologic joint
joint skręt dżoint gibon
marijuana cigarette
staw
part of the body where bones join
złącze
point of a rigid joint, means of joining in carpentry

joint lock n
dźwignia
combat technique

joint venture n
wspólne przedsięwzięcie
a cooperative business partnership

joint-stock company n
SA spółka akcyjna
company with transferable ownership and limited shareholder liability

jointly adv
razem wspólnie
together

joke /d͡ʒoʊk/ /d͡ʒəʊk/ n
dowcip
the root issue
dowcip kawał żart
amusing story
dowcip żart kawał
something said or done for amusement
żart
worthless thing or person

joke /d͡ʒoʊk/ /d͡ʒəʊk/ v
żartować
do for amusement

joker /ˈd͡ʒoʊkɚ/ /ˈd͡ʒəʊkə/ n
dowcipniś żartowniś błazen
person who makes jokes
dżoker joker
playing card

jostle /ˈd͡ʒɑ.səl/ /ˈd͡ʒɒs.əl/ v
rozepchać się rozepchnąć się rozpychać się
move through by pushing and shoving
trącać trącić
bump into or brush against while in motion

jot /d͡ʒɑt/ /d͡ʒɒt/ n
jota
smallest letter or stroke of any writing

jot /d͡ʒɑt/ /d͡ʒɒt/ v
skrobnąć
to write (something) quickly

joule /d͡ʒaʊl/ /d͡ʒuːl/ n
dżul
derived unit of energy, work and heat

journal /ˈd͡ʒɜːnəl/ /ˈd͡ʒɝnəl/ n
czasopismo
newspaper or magazine
diariusz dziennik
diary or daily record
dziennik log rejestr zdarzeń
computing: chronological record of changes

journalism /ˈd͡ʒəːn(ə)lɪzəm/ /ˈd͡ʒɚnl̩ˌɪzəm/ n
dziennikarstwo
activity or profession of being a journalist

journalist /ˈd͡ʒɜːnəlɪst/ /ˈd͡ʒɝnəlɪst/ n
dziennikarz dziennikarka
one whose occupation or profession is journalism
reporter

journalistic /ˌd͡ʒɜː(ɹ)nəˈlɪstɪk/ adj
dziennikarski
related to journalism or journalists

journalistically adv
publicystycznie

journey /ˈd͡ʒɜːni/ /ˈd͡ʒɝni/ n
podróż wyjazd wypad
trip, a voyage

journeyman /ˈd͡ʒɜːnimən/ /ˈd͡ʒɝnimən/ n
czeladnik
tradesman who has served an apprenticeship

joust /d͡ʒaʊst/ /d͡ʒuːst/ /d͡ʒʌst/ /d͡ʒʌʊst/ n
turniej
a mock combat between two mounted knights or men-at-arms

jovial /ˈd͡ʒoʊ.vəl/ /ˈd͡ʒoʊ.vɪ.əl/ /ˈd͡ʒəʊ.vɪ.əl/ adj
jowialny wesoły
cheerful and good-humoured

jovially /ˈd͡ʒoʊ.vɪ.ə.li/ /ˈd͡ʒəʊ.vɪ.ə.li/ adv
jowialnie swawolnie
in a jovial manner

joy /d͡ʒɔɪ/ n
radość uciecha
feeling of happiness

joyful /ˈd͡ʒɔɪfəl/ adj
wesoły radosny
feeling or causing joy

joyless adj
bezradosny
without joy

joystick /ˈdʒɔɪstɪk/ n
dżojstik joystick
mechanical control device

jubilantly /ˈd͡ʒuː.bə.lənt.li/ /ˈd͡ʒuː.bɪ.lənt.li/ adv
radośnie tryumfalnie
with jubilation or triumph

jubilarian n
jubilat jubilatka
person celebrating a jubilee

jubilee /ˈd͡ʒubəl/ /ˈd͡ʒubəˌli/ /ˈd͡ʒuːbɪl/ /ˈd͡ʒuːbɪliː/ /ˌd͡ʒubəˈli/ /ˌd͡ʒuːbɪˈliː/ n
jubileusz
major anniversary of an event, particularly the 50th anniversary of a coronation or marriage

judder /ˈd͡ʒʌdə/ /ˈd͡ʒʌdɚ/ n
wstrząs
a spasmodic shaking

judge /d͡ʒʌd͡ʒ/ n
sędzia arbiter
sports official
sędzia sędzina
public judicial official

judge /d͡ʒʌd͡ʒ/ v
osądzać osądzić wyrokować
to sit in judgment on, pass sentence on
osądzić osądzać
to form an opinion on
sędziować
to sit in judgment on, act as judge

judge, jury and executioner n
sędzia i kat

judgement day n
dzień sądu sąd ostateczny
final trial of all humankind at the end of the world

judgment /ˈd͡ʒʌd͡ʒ.mənt/ n
osąd sąd
conclusion or result of judging
osądzanie
act of judging
postępowanie proces
(law) act of determining what is conformable to law
rozeznanie rozsądek wyczucie
power or faculty of making a judgment

judicial /d͡ʒuˈdɪʃəl/ adj
sądowy
of or relating to a court of law

judicial branch n
judykatura judykatywa władza sądownicza
branch of government

judiciary /ˌd͡ʒuːˈdɪʃəɹi/ /ˌd͡ʒuːˈdɪʃɪɛɹi/ n
judykatura judykatywa władza sądownicza
the judicial branch of government
judykatywa sądownictwo
the collective body of judges, justices, etc.
sądownictwo
the court system, inclusive of clerical staff, etc.

judicious /dʒuˈdɪʃ.əs/ adj
rozsądny roztropny rozważny
having or characterized by good judgment or sound thinking

judo /ˈd͡ʒudoʊ/ /ˈd͡ʒuːdəʊ/ n
judo dżudo
Japanese martial art

judoka /d͡ʒuːˈdəʊkə/ n
dżudoczka dżudoka
practitioner of judo

jug /d͡ʒʌɡ/ n
dzban dzbanek gąsior
serving vessel

juggler /ˈd͡ʒʌɡl̩ə(ɹ)/ n
żongler żonglerka
person who practices juggling

juggling /ˈd͡ʒʌɡlɪŋ/ /ˈd͡ʒʌɡəlɪŋ/ n
żonglowanie
moving of objects in an artful manner

juglet n
dzbanuszek
a container for liquids

jugular /ˈd͡ʒu.ɡjəl.ɚ/ /ˈd͡ʒʌɡ.jəl.ɚ/ /ˈd͡ʒʌɡ.jʊl.ə/ /ˈd͡ʒʌɡ.lɚ/ /ˈd͡ʒʌɡ.əl.ɚ/ adj
szyjny
relating to the neck or throat

jugular vein n
żyła szyjna
vein leading blood down from the head

juice /d͡ʒus/ /d͡ʒuːs/ /d͡ʒɪʊ̯s/ n
paliwo
slang: fuel
sok
beverage made of juice
liquid from a plant
liquid resembling juice

juicer /ˈd͡ʒusɚ/ n
sokowirówka wyciskarka do owoców
device

juicy /ˈd͡ʒuːsi/ adj
soczysty
containing juice
exciting, interesting

jujube /ˈd͡ʒuː.d͡ʒuː.biː/ /ˈd͡ʒuː.d͡ʒuːb/ n
jujuba
Ziziphus jujuba fruit
Ziziphus jujuba tree

jukebox /ˈd͡ʒukbɑks/ /ˈd͡ʒuːkbɒks/ n
jukebox szafa grająca
a coin-operated machine that plays recorded music

jumbotron n
telebim
a large video screen, usually outdoors

jump /d͡ʒʌmp/ [d͡ʒɐm̥p] n
skok
instance of causing oneself to fall from an elevated location
instance of propelling oneself into the air

jump /d͡ʒʌmp/ [d͡ʒɐm̥p] v
podskakiwać podskoczyć
react to a sudden stimulus by jerking the body violently
skakać skoczyć
cause oneself to leave an elevated location and fall downward
propel oneself rapidly upward such that momentum causes the body to become airborne
employ a parachute to leave an aircraft or elevated location

jump down someone's throat v
skakać sobie do gardeł
criticise with excessive and unexpected harshness

jump rope /dʒʌmp ɹəʊp/ n
skakanka
game or activity

jump the gun v
wychodzić przed szereg wyjść przed szereg
to act without due caution

jump to conclusions v
wyciągać pochopne wnioski wyciągnąć pochopne wnioski
make conclusions before being presented with all the evidence

jumper /ˈd͡ʒʊmpə/ /ˈd͡ʒʌmpə/ /ˈd͡ʒʌmpɚ/ n
skoczek skoczkini
someone or something that jumps
zworka
removable connecting pin (electronics)
sweter
woolen sweater or pullover

jumper cable n
przewody rozruchowe
cable for jump-starting

jumping jack n
pajacyk
exercise
toy

jumping spider n
skaczel skakun
spiders of the family Salticidae

jungle /ˈd͡ʒʌŋ.ɡ(ə)l/ n
dżungla
large, undeveloped, humid forest
colloquial: place where people behave ruthlessly

jungle cat n
chaus kot bagienny kot błotny kot trzcinowy
Felis chaus

jungle gym n
małpi gaj
play structure

junior /ˈd͡ʒuniɚ/ /ˈd͡ʒuːniə/ adj
młodszy
younger

junior /ˈd͡ʒuniɚ/ /ˈd͡ʒuːniə/ n
junior
someone younger than someone else

juniper /ˈd͡ʒunɪpə/ /ˈd͡ʒunɪpɚ/ [ˈd͡ʒunɪ̈pɚ] n
jałowiec
shrub or tree of the genus Juniperus

juniper berry n
szyszkojagoda
female seed cone of a juniper

junk /d͡ʒʌŋk/ n
klejnoty
slang: genitalia
śmieci
rubbish, waste
dżonka
Chinese sailing vessel

junk food n
śmieciowe jedzenie
food with little or no nutritional value

junkyard n
złomowisko złomownia
a business that sells used metal or items

junta /ˈdʒʊntə/ /ˈdʒʌntə/ /ˈhʊntə/ /ˈhʌntə/ n
junta
ruling council of a military dictatorship

juridical act n
akt prawny
volitional act intended to bring about legal effects

jurisdiction /d͡ʒɔːɹɪsˈdɪkʃən/ /d͡ʒɔːɹɪz-/ /d͡ʒɝɪsˈdɪkʃən/ /d͡ʒɝɪz-/ /d͡ʒʊəɹɪsˈdɪkʃən/ /d͡ʒʊəɹɪz-/ /d͡ʒʊɹɪsˈdɪkʃən/ /d͡ʒʊɹɪz-/ n
jurysdykcja
the authority of a sovereign power to govern or legislate
the limits or territory within which authority may be exercised
the power or right to exercise authority
the power, right, or authority to interpret and apply the law

jurisdictional adj
jurysdykcyjny
of or pertaining to jurisdiction

jurisdictionally adv
jurysdykcyjnie

jurisprudence /ˈd͡ʒʊəɹɪsˌpɹuːdəns/ /ˌd͡ʒʊəɹɪsˈpɹuːdəns/ n
prawoznawstwo jurysprudencja nauki prawne
the theoretical study of law

jurist /ˈd͡ʒəɹ.ɪst/ /ˈd͡ʒʊəɹ.ɪst/ n
prawnik jurysta
expert of law

juristic act n
akt prawny
volitional act intended to bring about legal effects

juror /ˈd͡ʒɚɚ/ /ˈd͡ʒʊəɹɔɹ/ /ˈd͡ʒʊəɹəɹ/ n
juror jurorka przysięgła przysięgły ławniczka ławnik
jury member

jury /ˈd͡ʒ(ʊ)ɚ.i/ /ˈd͡ʒʊə.ɹi/ [ˈd͡ʒʊə.ɹ̠i] n
jury
group of judges in a competition
sąd przysięgłych ława przysięgłych
group in a court of law

jus sanguinis /dʒʌs ˈsæŋɡwɪnɪs/ /juːs-/ n
ius sanguinis

jussive n
tryb ścięty
jussive mood

just /d͡ʒəs(t)/ /d͡ʒɛst/ /d͡ʒɪst/ /d͡ʒʌst/ adj
dokładny
factually fair, correct
sprawiedliwy
morally fair, righteous

just /d͡ʒəs(t)/ /d͡ʒɛst/ /d͡ʒɪst/ /d͡ʒʌst/ adv
dokładnie
exactly, precisely, perfectly
tylko po prostu
only, simply, merely
właśnie dopiero co dopiero ledwo
recently

just about adv
ledwie prawie
approximately

just enough determiner
zaledwie wystarczająco

just in case /ˌdʒʌst ɪn ˈkeɪs/ conjunction
na wszelki wypadek w razie czego
in the event

just like that adv
tak po prostu
without warning

just now adv
akurat dopiero co ledwo co przed chwilą właśnie
very close to the present moment

just saying adv
tak tylko mówię
used to deflect responsibility for a hurtful remark

just the same adv
a jednak i tak
despite

just you wait phraseologicalUnit
ja ci dam tylko poczekaj

justice /ˈd͡ʒʌstɪs/ n
sprawiedliwość
fairness, especially with regard to punishment
state of being just or fair
judgment and punishment of who wronged another
the civil power dealing with law
correctness
sędzia
a judge of certain courts

justiciable adj
rozstrzygany przez sąd
able to be evaluated and resolved by the courts

justifiable adj
uzasadniony
that can be justified

justification /ˌd͡ʒʌstɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/ n
justyfikacja
text alignment
usprawiedliwienie uzasadnienie
reason, explanation, or excuse

justified /ˈd͡ʒʌstɪfaɪd/ adj
uprawniony uzasadniony
having a justification

justify /ˈd͡ʒʌstɪfaɪ/ v
usprawiedliwiać uzasadniać usprawiedliwić uzasadnić
provide an acceptable explanation
give a good, acceptable reason for something
wyjustować
arrange lines on a page or computer screen

jut /d͡ʒʌt/ n
wypustka
something that sticks out

jut /d͡ʒʌt/ v
wystawać
to stick out

jute /d͡ʒuːt/ n
juta
fiber of Corchorus olitorius
the plants from which this fibre is obtained

juvenile /ˈd͡ʒuːvənaɪl/ /ˈd͡ʒuːvənəl/ adj
dziecinny
characteristic of youth or immaturity
małoletni młodociany młody
young; not fully developed

juvenile /ˈd͡ʒuːvənaɪl/ /ˈd͡ʒuːvənəl/ n
małoletni młodociany
person younger than the age of full criminal responsibility
nieletni
person younger than the age of majority

juvenile delinquency n
przestępczość nieletnich
participation in illegal behaviour by minors

kabana n
kabanos

kaboom n
łubudu
sound of explosion

kabuki /kəˈbuːki/ n
kabuki
form of Japanese theatre

kaddish /ˈkædɪʃ/ /ˈkɑdɪʃ/ n
kadisz kadysz
Jewish prayer of praise to God

kafir /ˈkɑːfɪə/ /ˈkɑːfɪɹ/ n
kafir
infidel, non-Muslim

kaftan /ˈkæf.tæn/ /ˈkæf.tən/ n
kaftan
long tunic worn in the Eastern Mediterranean

kaizen /ˈkaɪˌzən/ /ˈkaɪˌzɛn/ n
kaizen
Japanese business practice of continuous improvement

kaki /ˈkæki/ /ˈkɑːki/ n
kaki
persimmon

kakistocracy /kakɪsˈtɒkɹəsɪ/ /kakɪˈstɒ-/ /kækɪsˈtɑkɹəsi/ /kækɪˈstɑ-/ n
kakistokracja
government by the worst citizens

kalach n
kołacz
traditional East Slavic bread (or its equivalent)

kale /keɪl/ n
jarmuż
edible plant: Brassica oleracea acephala

kaleidoscope /kəˈlaɪdəskəʊp/ /kəˈlaɪdəˌskoʊp/ n
kalejdoskop
instrument consisting of a tube containing mirrors and loose, colourful beads or other objects; when the tube is looked into and rotated, a succession of symmetrical designs can be seen
constantly changing series of colours or other things

kalokagathia /ˌka.loʊ.kə.ˈɡeɪ.θi.ə/ n
kalokagatia
harmonious combination of bodily, moral and spiritual virtues

kana /ˈkɑːnə/ [ˈkʰɑːnə] n
kana
Japanese syllabaries

kangaroo /kæŋ.ɡə.ˈɹuː/ n
kangur kangurzyca
marsupial

kangaroo court /ˌkæŋɡəˌɹu ˈkɔɹt/ /ˌkæŋɡəˌɹuː ˈkɔːt/ n
dintojra sąd kapturowy
judicial or quasi-judicial proceeding

kangaroo rat n
szczuroskoczek
rodent

kanji /ˈkaːnd͡ʒi/ /ˈkænd͡ʒi/ /ˈkɑnd͡ʒi/ n
kanji
Chinese characters in Japanese context

kaolin /ˈkeɪ.ə.lɪn/ n
kaolin
clay

kaolinite n
kaolinit
Al₂Si₂O₅(OH)₄

kaon /ˈkeɪˌɑn/ n
kaon
K-meson

kapo /ˈkɑpəʊ/ /ˈkɑːpəʊ/ n
kapo
prisoner in a Nazi concentration camp, supervising other prisoners

kapok /ˈkeɪpɒk/ /ˈkeɪˌpɑk/ /ˈkɑːpəʊk/ [ˈkɑːpəʊʔ] n
kapok
silky fibre obtained from seed pods of the silk-cotton tree (Ceiba pentandra)

kappa /ˈkæpə/ n
kappa
Greek letter
mythical creature

karakul n
karakuł
breed of sheep

karaoke /kɑːɹɑːˌokeɪ/ /kɑːɹɑːˌokɛ/ /ˈkæ.ɹiˌəʊ.ki/ /ˈkæ.ɹəˌəʊ.ki/ /ˌkæ.ɹiˈoʊ.ki/ n
karaoke
a form of entertainment

karate /kəˈɹɑ.ɾi/ /kəˈɹɑː.teɪ/ /kəˈɹɑː.ti/ n
karate
martial art

karateka n
karateka
practitioner of karate

karma /ˈkɑɹmə/ [ˈkɑɹ.mə] [ˈkɑː.mə] [ˈkəɾm(ə)] n
karma karman
the total effect of a person’s actions and conduct during the successive phases of his existence

karmic /ˈkɑɹmɪk/ adj
karmiczny
of or pertaining to karma

karst /kɑɹst/ /kɑːst/ n
kras
type of land formation

karting n
karting
a sport

kasha /ˈkɑʃə/ n
kasza kasza gryczana
porridge

kashkaval n
kaszkawał

katabasis /kəˈtæbəsɪs/ n
katabasis katabaza
all senses

katabatic /kæt.əˈbæt.ɪk/ adj
katabatyczny

katakana /ˌkætəˈkænə/ /ˌkɑtəˈkɑːnə/ n
katakana
Japanese syllabary

katal n
katal
derived unit of catalytic activity

katana /kəˈtɑnə/ [kɪ̈ˈtʰɑnə] n
katana
type of Japanese longsword

katorga n
katorga
penal servitude in a Russian or Soviet labour camp

katydid /ˈkeɪtiˌdɪd/ n
pasikonik
grasshopper

kay /ˈkeɪ/ n
ka
name of the letter K, k

kayak /ˈkaɪˌæk/ n
kajak
a type of small boat

kayaking n
kajakarstwo
water sport

kazoo /kə.ˈzuː/ n
kazoo mirliton
a simple musical instrument consisting of a pipe with a hole in it

kebab /kəˈbæb/ /kɪˈbæb/ /kɪˈbɑb/ /kɪˈbɑːb/ n
kebab
dish

keel /kiːl/ n
stępka kil
beam along the underside of a ship’s hull

keelson n
nadstępka
keel beam

keen on adj
interesować się, lubić
fond of; appreciative of

keep /kiːp/ [kʰip̚] v
zachować zatrzymać
to maintain possession of

keep a low profile v
nie wychylać się nie wychylić się
Be quiet

keep an eye out v
wytężać wzrok wytężyć wzrok
to watch for

keep it simple, stupid phraseologicalUnit
nie komplikuj

keep it together v
trzymać się w garści zachować spokój zachowywać spokój
maintain composure

keep it up v
tak trzymaj
To maintain or continue a positive streak.

keep one's cards close to one's chest v
nie odkrywać kart nie odkryć kart

keep one's cool v
zachować zimną krew
to remain composed, calm

keep one's eyes peeled v
mieć oczy dookoła głowy mieć oczy szeroko otwarte mieć się na baczności
to be watchful

keep one's fingers crossed v
trzymać kciuki
hope for the best

keep one's hands to oneself v
trzymać łapy przy sobie

keep one's head above water v
utrzymać się na powierzchni utrzymywać się na powierzchni
survive

keep one's lips sealed v
trzymać język za zębami
keep quiet

keep one's mouth shut v
trzymać buzię na kłódkę

keep one's side of the bargain v
dotrzymać umowy dotrzymywać umowy
fulfill a commitment as part of an agreement

keep one's word v
dotrzymać słowa dotrzymywać słowa

keep out v
nie zbliżać się
refrain from entering

keep quiet v
milczeć
remain silent

keep someone company v
dotrzymywać towarzystwa
remain with someone

keep the ball rolling v
podtrzymać podtrzymywać

keep the change phraseologicalUnit
reszty nie trzeba
instruction to keep the change

keep up v
nadążać nadążyć
To stay even or ahead
utrzymywać utrzymać
maintain, preserve

keep up appearances v
zachować pozory zachowywać pozory
pretend to be all right

keep up with v
nadążać nadążyć
manage to follow an argument, a discussion, etc
manage to remain beside or just behind
manage to remain up to date

keeper /ˈkiːpə/ /ˈkiːpɚ/ n
strażniczka strażnik
guard, custodian

keepsake /ˈkiːp.seɪk/ n
pamiątka
object retained in memory of something or someone

keffiyeh /kəˈfiː(j)ə/ n
arafatka kefija
Arabian headdress

kefir /kəˈfɪə(ɹ)/ /ˈkiːfə(ɹ)/ /ˈkɛfə(ɹ)/ n
kefir
fermented milk

keg /keɪɡ/ /kæɡ/ /kɛɡ/ n
antał antałek
round container of lesser capacity than a barrel

keiki /ˈkeɪ.ki/ n
keiki
young plant of orchid

keloid [ˈkiː.lɔɪd] n
bliznowiec keloid
growth of scar tissue

kelp /kɛlp/ n
listownicowiec
large seaweed of order Laminariales

kelp forest n
las wodorostów

kelpie n
kelpie australiano
sheepdog

kelvin /ˈkɛlvən/ [ˈkʰɛɫvɨn] n
kelwin
SI temperature unit

kenaf n
kenaf
Hibiscus cannabinus
the fibre obtained from kenaf

kennel /ˈkɛ.nəl/ n
buda
shelter

kenning /ˈkɛnɪŋ/ n
kenning
metaphorical phrase used in Germanic poetry

kenosis /kɪˈnəʊsɪs/ n
kenoza
Christ's voluntary abasement

kepi /ˈkɛpi/ n
kepi
cap with a flat circular top

kept woman n
utrzymanka
woman supported financially by a lover

keratin /ˈkɛrətɪn/ n
keratyna
protein that hair and nails are made of

keratinization /kəˌɹætɪnaɪˈzeɪʃən/ n
keratynizacja
the process in which cells are converted to hair and nails

keratinize /ˈkɛrətnˌaɪz/ v
chropowacieć rogowacieć schropowacieć zrogowacieć

keratoconus n
stożek rogówki
A degenerative disorder of the eye

keraunophobia n
brontofobia

kerb /kɜːb/ /kɝb/ n
krawężnik
edge between pavement and roadway

kerchief /ˈkɜː.tʃiːf/ /ˈkɜː.tʃɪf/ /ˈkɝ.t͡ʃif/ /ˈkɝ.t͡ʃɪf/ n
chustka
piece of cloth

kermes n
alkiermes
the insect or the dye

kermes oak n
dąb kermesowy dąb skalny
oak

kernel /ˈkɜːnəl/ /ˈkɝnəl/ n
jądro
(mathematics, algebra) set of elements mapped to zero
jądro jajko
(computing) central part of many computer operating systems
pestka
(US) stone of certain fruits, such as peaches or plums
rdzeń sedno trzon
core or essence of an object or system
ziarno
single seed of corn or wheat

kernel of truth n
ziarno prawdy

kerosene /ˈkɛɹəsiːn/ n
nafta
thin, colorless fuel

kerygma /kəˈɹɪɡ.mə/ n
kerygmat
apostolic proclamation

kestrel /ˈkɛstɹəl/ n
pustułka
Falco tinnunculus
sokół
any small falcon of genus Falco

ket /kɛt/ n
ket

ketamine /ˈki.təˌmin/ /ˈkiː.tə.miːn/ /ˈkɛt.ə.mɪn/ /ˈkɛt.əˌmin/ n
ketamina
pain-killing drug

ketchup /ˈkɛt͡ʃ.əp/ /ˈkɛt͡ʃ.ʌp/ n
keczup ketchup
tomato-vinegar based sauce

ketone /ˈkiːtəʊn/ n
keton
organic chemicals with the >CO functional group

kettle /ˈkɛ.təl/ /ˈkɪtəl/ [ˈkʰɛtᵊɫ̩] [ˈkʰɛɾɫ̩] n
czajnik kocioł
vessel for boiling a liquid or cooking food

kettle of fish n
inna para kaloszy
different or alternative situation

kettlebell n
giria
a kind of weight

kettledrum n
kocioł
percussion instrument

key /ki/ /kiː/ [cʰi̞i̯] [kʲʰi̞i̯] adj
kluczowy klucz
important
indispensable

key /ki/ /kiː/ [cʰi̞i̯] [kʲʰi̞i̯] n
klawisz
button on a typewriter or computer keyboard
part of a piano or musical keyboard
klucz
device designed to open and close a lock
cryptography: piece of information used to encode or decode
crucial step
computing: field in a record used as a search argument
computing: value uniquely identifying entry in associative array
computing: field of a database constrained to be unique
device used to transmit Morse code
klucz legenda
small guide explaining symbols or terminology
tonacja
scale of musical notes

key /ki/ /kiː/ [cʰi̞i̯] [kʲʰi̞i̯] v
wprowadzać
computing: enter (information)

key fob n
brelok
item carried on a key ring

key logger n
rejestrator klawiszy
software or hardware designed to record keystrokes

key signature n
znaki przykluczowe
indication of the key of a composition

keyboard /ˈki.bɔɹd/ /ˈkiː.bɔːd/ n
klawiatura
set of keys used to operate a typewriter, computer etc.
component of many instruments
klawiatura keyboard
electronic device with keys of a musical keyboard

keyboard shortcut n
skrót klawiszowy
key or a combination of keys

keyboardist n
klawiszowiec
musician who plays the keyboard

keychain /ˈkiːˌt͡ʃeɪn/ n
brelok breloczek
chain or ring

keyholder n
klucznica klucznik
one who holds the key to a building

keyhole /ˈkiˌhoʊl/ n
dziurka od klucza
a hole to lock/unlock with a key

keynote /ˈkiːˌnoʊt/ n
nić przewodnia
main theme

keyplate n
płytka klucza
plate that contains the keyhole

keyring n
brelok breloczek
ring for holding keys

keystone /ˈkiː.stəʊn/ n
zwornik klucz filar podstawa
the top stone of an arch

keyword /ˈki.wɝd/ /ˈkiː.wɜːd/ n
słowo klucz
programming: A reserved word used to identify a specific command, function etc.
słowo kluczowe słowo klucz
word used as a key to a code

keywork n
mechanizmy klawiszowe
collectively, the mechanisms of a woodwind musical instrument such as a flute or clarinet that support the operation of its keys

khachapuri /hɑːtʃəˈpuːɹi/ /hɑːt͡ʃəˈpuɹi/ n
chaczapuri
cheese pastry from Georgia

khachkar /hɑt͡ʃˈkɑɹ/ n
chaczkar
Armenian carved memorial stone

khagan n
kagan
title of imperial rank

khaganate n
kaganat
an empire comprising several khanates

khaki /ˈkæ.ki/ /ˈkæki/ /ˈkɑɹ.ki/ /ˈkɑː.ki/ n
khaki
yellowish-brown colour

khalat n
chałat łapserdak
Ashkenazi Jewish coat

khaltura n
chałtura
black-market work
low-quality work

khan /kɑːn/ n
chan kagan
a ruler over various Turkic, Tatar and Mongol peoples in the Middle Ages

khanate /ˈkɑːneɪt/ n
chanat
place ruled by a khan

khanjar /ˈkand͡ʒə/ n
handżar
Arabian dagger

khat /kɑːt/ n
czuwaliczka jadalna
shrub (Catha edulis)

khedive /kəˈdiːv/ n
kedyw
monarch of Egypt

khene /kɛːn/ n
khaen
traditional musical instrument of Laos

khinkali n
chinkali
A Georgian dish

kholop /kəˈloʊp/ n
chołop chłop
a feudally dependent person in Russia between the 10th and early 18th centuries

khorovod n
korowód
a Slavic dance

khural n
churał
parliament or national congress in Mongolia

khutbah /ˈkʊtbə/ n
chutba
talk or sermon delivered in mosques before the Friday prayer

khutor /ˈkuːtɔː(ɹ)/ /ˈxuːtɔː(ɹ)/ n
chutor
a single-homestead rural settlement of Eastern Europe

kibbutz /kɪˈbuːts/ /kɪˈbʊts/ n
kibuc
a community

kibbutznik n
kibucniczka kibucnik
member of a kibbutz

kibitka /kɪˈbɪtkə/ n
kibitka
carriage or sleigh

kick /kɪk/ [kʰɪk] n
kopnięcie wykop kop
hit or strike with the leg or foot

kick /kɪk/ [kʰɪk] v
kopać kopnąć
strike with or raise the foot or leg
direct to a particular place by a blow with the foot or leg
pluć sobie w brodę
reproach oneself

kick ass v
dać w ryj dać łupnia pobić powalić przemóc rozgromić
to beat someone in a fight

kick someone when they are down v
kopać leżącego
make things worse for someone

kick the bucket /ˈkɪk ðə ˈbʌkɪt/ v
kopnąć w kalendarz dokonać żywota fajtnąć kipnąć kojfnąć odwalić kitę
to die

kick up a fuss v
robić scenę zrobić scenę
To complain loudly about something, usually a trivial matter, often accompanied by animated behaviours .

kick-off n
rozpoczęcie meczu rozpoczęcie spotkania
opening kick in football

kickback /ˈkɪkbæk/ n
łapówka
covert payment in return for a favor

kickboxing n
kick boxing kick-boxing
sport

kicks /kɪks/ n
beka
fun

kid /kɪd/ n
dzieciak
child (colloq.)
young person (colloq.)
koźlę
young goat

kidnap /ˈkɪdnæp/ n
porwanie uprowadzenie
an instance of kidnapping

kidnap /ˈkɪdnæp/ v
porywać uprowadzać porwać uprowadzić
to seize and detain a person unlawfully

kidnapper /ˈkɪdnæpɚ/ n
porywacz porywaczka uprowadziciel uprowadzicielka
one who performs kidnap

kidnapping n
porwanie
the crime of taking a person against their will, sometimes for ransom

kidney /ˈkɪdni/ n
cynaderka nerka
food
nerka
an organ in the body

kidney dish n
nerka
a kidney-shaped basin

kidney stone n
kamień nerkowy
calculus in the kidney

kidney vetch n
przelot
Anthyllis vulneraria

kidney-shaped adj
nerkowaty
having a shape like a kidney

kielbasa /kilˈbɑsə/ /kiːlˈbasə/ /kɪ(l)ˈbɑsə/ /ˈkubəsɑ/ n
kiełbasa
Eastern European sausage

kike /kaɪk/ v
icek mosiek parch Żydzisko żydek
offensive: Jewish person

kikimora n
kikimora
a female house spirit

kilim /kiˈlim/ /kɪˈliːm/ /ˈkiː.lɪm/ /ˈkɪ.lɪm/ n
kilim
type of carpet

kill /kɪl/ [kʰɪɫ] n
ofiara zdobycz
result of killing
zabójstwo
act of killing

kill /kɪl/ [kʰɪɫ] v
zabijać zabić dobić
to put to death
zgasić zgaszać
to render inoperative

kill the fatted calf v
obchodzić czyjś powrót
begin a festive celebration

kill the goose that lays the golden eggs v
zabić kurę znoszącą złote jajka
to seek short term gain at the sacrifice of long term profit

kill time v
zabić czas
make time seem to pass more quickly by doing nothing important

kill two birds with one stone v
upiec dwie pieczenie na jednym ogniu
solve two problems at once

killer /ˈkɪlə(ɹ)/ /ˈkɪlɚ/ [ˈkʰɪlə(ɹ)] [ˈkʰɪɫlɚ] n
morderca zabójca
murderer, person who kills

killer whale n
orka

kiln /kɪl(n)/ n
piec do wypalania cegły suszarnia
oven, furnace or heated chamber

kilo- prefix
kilo-
prefix

kilobit n
kilobit
1000 bits

kilobyte n
kilobajt
1024 bytes

kilocalorie n
kilokaloria
unit of measure

kilogram /ˈkɪləɡɹæm/ n
kilogram kilo
unit of mass equal to 1000 grams

kilohertz n
kiloherc
one thousand hertz

kilometrage n
kilometraż
total distance traveled in kilometers

kilometre /kəˈlɑmɪtəɹ/ /kɪˈlɒmɪtə/ /ˈkɪləˌmitəɹ/ /ˈkɪləˌmiːtə/ n
kilometr
unit of measure

kilowatt-hour n
kilowatogodzina
unit of energy

kilt /kɪlt/ n
kilt
traditional Scottish garment

kimbap n
kimbap
a Korean dish

kimchi n
Koreaniec skośnooki
ethnic slur for Koreans
kimchi
Korean dish

kimono /kəˈmoʊnoʊ/ /kəˈmoʊnə/ [kɪ̈ˈmoʊ̯noʊ̯] [kɪ̈ˈmoʊ̯nə] n
kimono
traditional Japanese clothing

kin selection n
dobór krewniaczy

kinase /ˈkaɪneɪz/ /ˈkɪneɪz/ n
kinaza
enzyme that transfers phosphate groups

kincob n
altembas złotogłów

kind /kaɪnd/ adj
miły
affectionate, nice

kind /kaɪnd/ n
rodzaj typ
character or nature
rodzaj typ autorament rasa
type, race, category

kind of adv
jakiś
somewhat

kindergarten /ˈkɪndəɹˌɡɑːɹd(ə)n/ /ˈkɪndəɹˌɡɑːɹt(ə)n/ /ˈkɪndəˌɡɑːt(ə)n/ [ˈkʰɪn(d)əɹˌɡɑːɹt̬(ə)n] [ˈkʰɪɾ̃əɹˌɡɑːɹʔn̩] n
przedszkole dzieciniec
educational institution for young children, usually between ages 4 and 6

kindergartner /ˈkɪndəˌɡɑːtnə/ /ˈkɪndɚˌɡɑrtnɚ/ n
przedszkolak
child who attends a kindergarten
przedszkolanka
person who teaches at a kindergarten

kindjal n
kindżał
dagger

kindle /ˈkɪn.dəl/ v
rozpalać rozpalić
to start (a fire)
wzniecać wzniecić
to arouse

kindness /ˈkaɪndnəs/ /ˈkaɪndnɪs/ n
benewolencja dobroć przychylność łaskawość życzliwość
being kind

kindred /ˈkɪndɹəd/ /ˈkɪndɹɪd/ adj
pokrewny
of the same nature

kindred spirit n
bratnia dusza pokrewna dusza przyjazna dusza
someone with the same feelings or attitudes as oneself

kinematics /ˌkɪnəˈmætɪks/ n
kinematyka
the branch of mechanics concerned with objects in motion

kinesthetic /ˌkɪnɪsˈθɛtɪk/ adj
kinestetyczny ruchowy
of or relating to kinesthesia

kinetic /kaɪˈnɛtɪk/ /kɪˈnɛtɪk/ adj
kinetyczny
relating to motion

kinetic energy n
energia kinetyczna
energy from motion

kinetics /kɪˈnɛt.ɪks/ n
kinetyka
physics

king /kiŋ/ /kɪŋ/ n
damka
(draughts, checkers) a piece that reached the farthest row forward
król
a male of a royal family who is the supreme ruler of his nation
a playing piece in chess
a playing card with the image of a king in it

king cake /kɪŋ keɪk/ n
ciasto Trzech Króli
cake eaten on Epiphany

king cobra n
kobra królewska
Ophiophagus hannah

king of beasts /ˈkɪŋ əv ˈbiːsts/ n
król zwierząt
the lion

king of birds n
król ptaków
the eagle

king of hearts n
król kier
playing card

king of herrings n
wstęgor królewski królem śledziowym
Regalecus glesne

king of kings n
król królow
king who has other kings as subjects

king penguin n
pingwin królewski
Aptenodytes patagonicus

king vulture /kɪŋ ˈvʌltʃəɹ/ n
kondor królewski
Sarcoramphus papa

kingdom /ˈkɪŋdəm/ n
królestwo
realm having as supreme ruler a king and/or queen
taxonomic division, below Domain and above Phylum

kingfisher /ˈkɪŋˌfɪʃə/ n
zimorodek
any of various birds of the suborder Alcedines

kinglet n
królik
petty king
mysikrólik
bird of the family Regulidae

kingly adv
królewsko po królewsku
in a royal manner

kingship n
królewskość majestat
state of being a king

kinkajou /ˈkɪŋkəˌd͡ʒuː/ /ˈkɪŋkəˌʒuː/ n
kinkażu wikławiec
Potos flavus

kinky /ˈkɪŋ.ki/ adj
zboczony
full of kinks

kinship /ˈkɪnʃɪp/ n
pokrewieństwo
relation or connection by blood, marriage or adoption

kintsugi /kɪntˈsuːɡi/ n
kintsugi
the art of repairing broken pottery with gold-mixed laquer

kiosk /ˈkiˌɑsk/ /ˈkiːˌɒsk/ n
automat
unattended stand
kiosk
enclosed structure where cigarettes, magazines, etc are sold

kippah /kɪˈpɑː/ /ˈkiːpə/ /ˈkɪpə/ n
jarmułka kipa mycka
skullcap

kipper /ˈkɪpə(ɹ)/ n
kiper
salted and smoked herring or salmon

kirmess /ˈkɜː(ɹ)məs/ n
kiermasz jarmark
an outdoor festival and fair

kirsch /kɜː(ɹ)ʃ/ /kɪə(ɹ)ʃ/ n
wiśniówka
clear brandy

kisel /ˈkiːsəl/ n
kisiel
dessert

kiskadee n
bentewi
species of bird in the tyrant flycatcher family

kismet /ˈkɪs.mɛt/ /ˈkɪz.mɛt/ n
los przeznaczenie
fate; a predetermined or unavoidable destiny

kiss /kɪs/ [kʰɪs] n
pocałunek całus
a touch with the lips

kiss /kɪs/ [kʰɪs] v
całować pocałować
to touch with the lips
to touch each other’s lips

kiss me phraseologicalUnit
pocałuj mnie
kiss me

kiss my ass interjection
pocałuj mnie w dupęǃ
go away

kiss of peace n
znak pokoju
greeting in Christianity

kit /kɪt/ n
rynsztunek
collection of items needed for a specific purpose
equipment of a soldier

kit fox n
lis długouchy
Vulpes macrotis

kitchen /ˈkɪt͡ʃən/ /ˈkɪt͡ʃɪn/ n
kuchnia
room

kitchen cabinet n
szafa kuchenna
built-in cabinet found in a kitchen

kitchen sink n
funt rozmaitości mydło i powidło
(idiomatic) miscellany or miscellaneous item

kitchenette /ˌkɪt͡ʃəˈnɛt/ n
aneks kuchenny
small kitchen

kitchenhand n
pomocnica kuchenna pomocnik kuchenny
person who is employed to assist a cook in a kitchen

kitchenware n
naczynia kuchenne przybory kuchenne sprzęt kuchenny
instruments and utensils found in a kitchen

kite /kaɪt/ n
deltoid
geometry: a polygon resembling the shape of a traditional toy kite; a quadrilateral having two pairs of edges of equal length, the edges of each pair touching each other at one end
gryps
prison slang: concealed letter
kania
bird of prey of the family Accipitridae
latawiec
lightweight toy for flying

kitesurfing v
kitesurfing
water sport

kitsch /kɪt͡ʃ/ adj
kiczowaty
of questionable aesthetic value

kitsch /kɪt͡ʃ/ n
kicz
art of questionable artistic value

kitschily adv
kiczowato
in a kitschy way

kitschy /ˈkɪt͡ʃi/ adj
kiczowaty
having the nature of kitsch

kitten /ˈkɪtən/ n
kociak kotek kocię
a young cat

kitten /ˈkɪtən/ v
kocić okocić
to give birth to kittens

kitten heel n
kaczuszka
short, slender heel

kitty /ˈkɪti/ [ˈkʰɘɾiː] [ˈkʰɪɾi] n
kotek
informal: kitten, young cat
kotek kicia kiciuś
childish: pet name for a cat

kitty-cat n
kiciuś
cat

kiwi /ˈkiːwi/ n
kiwi
bird

kiwi fruit n
kiwi
fruit

klaxon /ˈklæks(ə)n/ n
klakson
loud electric horn or alarm

kleenex /ˈkli.nɛks/ /ˈklin.ɛks/ n
chusteczka higieniczna chusteczka jednorazowa
generic term for a disposable tissue

kleptocracy n
kleptokracja
corrupt and dishonest government

kleptomania /ˌklɛp.təˈmeɪ.ni.ə, -ˈmeɪn.jə/ n
kleptomania
disorder that causes an uncontrollable obsessions with stealing

klezmer /ˈklɛzmə/ /ˈklɛzməɹ/ n
klezmer klezmerka
Jewish folk musician

klipspringer /ˈklɪpˌsprɪŋə/ /ˈklɪpˌsprɪŋər/ n
koziołek skalny
Oreotragus oreotragus

kliros n
kliros
church section

klutz /klʌts/ n
ciamajda fajtłapa oferma
a clumsy or stupid person

knack /næk/ n
biegłość dryg smykałka żyłka
a readiness in performance; aptness at doing something; skill; facility; dexterity

knacker /ˈnakə/ /ˈnækɚ/ n
rakarz
one who separates animals for reuse

knacker's yard /ˈnæ.kɚz ˌjɑɹd/ /ˈnæk.əz ˌjɑːd/ n
bakutil
area of slaughterhouse where carcasses are rendered down to produce useful materials

knave /neɪv/ n
walet
playing card

knawel n
czerwiec
weed of the genus Scleranthus

knead /niːd/ v
miesić gnieść ugniatać zagniatać
to work and press into a mass

kneaded eraser n
gumka chlebowa
pliable tool for absorbing graphite or charcoal

kneading trough n
dzieża
trough in which dough is kneaded

knee /kniː/ /ni/ /niː/ n
kolano
joint in the middle of the leg and area around it
part of a garment

knee pad n
nakolannik
protection for a knee

knee sock n
podkolanówka zakolanówka
a sock that reaches almost up to the knee

knee-high n
podkolanówka zakolanówka
sock that reaches almost up to the knee

knee-high to a grasshopper adj
ledwo odrosnąć od ziemi
short

kneecap /ˈniːˌkæp/ n
rzepka
bone

kneel /niːl/ v
klęczeć
to stoop down and rest on the knee

knell /nɛl/ n
podzwonne
sound of a bell knelling

knell /nɛl/ v
bić w dzwon dzwonić
to ring a bell slowly
to signal or proclaim something by ringing a bell

knick-knack /ˈnɪkˌnæk/ n
bibelot błyskotka szpargał
a small ornament of minor value

knickerbockers /ˈnɪkəbɒkəz/ /ˈnɪkɚbɑkɚz/ n
pumpy spodenki
knickerbockers

knife /naɪf/ n
nóż
utensil or tool designed for cutting
weapon
any blade-like part designed for cutting

knife pleat n
plisa płaska
a type of sharply pressed pleating

knifeman n
nożownik
someone who uses a knife as a weapon

knifer n
nożownik
someone who stabs another with a knife

knight /naɪt/ n
rycerz kawaler
person on whom a knighthood has been conferred
rycerz raciądz
warrior, especially of the Middle Ages
skoczek konik koń
chess piece

knight /naɪt/ v
nadać rangę kawalerską pasować na rycerza
to confer a knighthood upon

knight-errant n
błędny rycerz
knight
person

knish /knɪʃ/ /kəˈnɪʃ/ n
knysz
an Eastern European Jewish, or Yiddish, snack food

knit /ˈnɪt/ v
dziać robić na drutach
to make fabric from thread or yarn

knitting needle n
drut
thin rod used to knit yarn

knob /nɑb/ /nɒb/ n
gałka
rounded protuberance, handle, or control switch

knock /nɑk/ /nɒk/ n
puknięcie stuk stuknięcie stukot
abrupt rapping sound

knock /nɑk/ /nɒk/ v
pukać stukać zapukać zastukać
to rap one's knuckles against something

knock about /ˌnɑk əˈbaʊt/ /ˌnɒk əˈbaʊt/ v
pomiatać pomieść
to behave violently towards or mistreat (someone or something)
poniewierać poobijać sponiewierać wytłuc
to hit (someone or something) all over repeatedly

knock down v
obalić powalić zbić zwalić
hit or knock (something) so that it falls

knock for a loop v
zbijać z pantałyku zbijać z tropu zbić z pantałyku zbić z tropu
to astonish, overwhelm, confuse

knock on wood /ˌnɑk ɑn ˈwʊd/ /ˌnɑk ɔn ˈwʊd/ /ˌnɒk ɒn ˈwʊd/ [ˌnäk än ˈwʊd] v
odpukać w niemalowane drewno
to take a customary action to ward off misfortune

knock out v
powalić
to render someone unconscious, as by a blow to the head

knock over v
strącać strącić
to bump or strike something in such a way as to tip it

knock someone's socks off v
zerwać beret zrywać beret
to impress greatly; amaze; stun

knock-knock interjection
puk-puk
verbal knocking sound

knockoff n
podróbka
imitation of something

knockout /ˈnɑk.oʊt/ /ˈnɒk.aʊt/ adj
powalający
Stunning; amazing; gorgeous

knockout /ˈnɑk.oʊt/ /ˈnɒk.aʊt/ n
nokaut
act of making someone unconscious

knoll /noʊl/ /nəʊl/ n
pagórek
small mound

knot /nɑt/ /nɒt/ n
węzeł
nautical unit of speed
(mathematics) closed curve
looping
tangled clump

knotless adj
bezsęczny bezsęki

knotty /ˈnɑti/ /ˈnɒti/ [-ɾi] adj
sękaty
of string or something stringlike: full of, or tied up, in knots

knotweed n
rdest
Polygonum

knout /naʊt/ [nʌʊt] n
knut bicz nahajka
kind of whip

know /noʊ/ /nəʊ/ v
wiedzieć znać
be certain or sure about (something)
have knowledge of
be informed about
znać
be acquainted or familiar with
znać się wiedzieć
understand (a subject)

know like the back of one's hand v
znać jak własną kieszeń
be intimately knowledgable about

know one's stuff v
znać się na czymś
be generally experienced and knowledgeable

know someone from Adam v
znać

know thyself proverb
poznaj samego siebie
be aware of both your strengths and limitations

know-how /ˈnoʊ.haʊ/ /ˈnəʊ.haʊ/ n
know-how
the knowledge and skill to be able to do something correctly

know-it-all n
mądrala besserwisser przemądrzalec chłopek-roztropek mądraliński
someone who obnoxiously claims to be knowledgeable on a subject

know-it-allery n
besserwisserstwo

knowledge /ˈnoʊlɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈnɑlɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈnɒlɪd͡ʒ/ n
wiedza
fact of knowing about something; understanding, familiarity with information
total of what is known, product of learning
świadomość wiedza
awareness, state of having been informed

knowledge is power proverb
wiedza to potęga
knowledge is power

knowledgeable /ˈnɑ.lɪ.d͡ʒə.bəl/ /ˈnɒl.ɪ.d͡ʒə.bəl/ adj
obeznany
having knowledge, especially of a particular subject

known /noʊn/ /nəʊn/ /ˈnɐʉ.wɘn/ /ˈnɐʉn/ adj
wiadomy znajomy
that whom other people know, renowned, famous

knuckle /ˈnʌkəl/ n
kłykieć
joint of the finger
przegub
a mechanical joint

knurl /nɜːl/ /nɝl/ n
moletowanie radełkowanie ryflowanie
grip pattern

koala /koʊ.ˈɑː.lə/ /kə.ˈwɑː.lə/ /kəʊ.ˈɑː.lə/ /ˈkwɑː.lə/ n
koala
a tree-dwelling marsupial that resembles a small bear

kobza n
kobza
a Ukrainian musical instrument

kodkod n
kodkod
Leopardus guigna

kofta /ˈkɑːftə/ /ˈkɒftə/ /ˈkɔːftə/ n
kofta
meatball or meatloaf dish

kogel mogel /ˌkoʊ.ɡəlˈmoʊ.ɡəl/ n
kogel-mogel
egg-based dessert

kohlrabi /koʊlˈɹɑb.i/ /kəʊlˈɹɑː.bi/ n
kalarepa
cabbage variety

koine /ˈkɔɪneɪ/ /ˈkɔɪniː/ n
koine
regional language that becomes standard

kokoshnik n
kokosznik
a traditional Russian headdress worn by women and girls

koliva /ˈkɒlɪvə/ /ˈkəʊlɪvə/ n
kutia
dish of sweetened boiled wheat

kolkhoz /-kɒs/ /-kɔs/ /-kɔz/ /kol-/ /kɒl-/ /kɔːl-/ /kəlˈkɒz/ n
kołchoz
farming collective

kolkhoznik n
kołchoźniczka kołchoźnik
one who works on a collective farm in the Soviet Union

kolo /ˈkoʊloʊ/ /ˈkəʊləʊ/ n
kolo
national folk dance

kolovrat n
kołowrót swarozyca świąszczyca
Slavic pagan or nationalist symbol

komboskini n
czotki
prayer rope

kombu /ˈkɒmbuː/ n
kombu
edible kelp used in East Asian cuisine

kombucha /ˌkɑmˈbu.t͡ʃə/ /ˌkɑmˈbu.ʃə/ n
kombucza
fermentation of sweetened tea

kompromat n
kompromat hak haki
dirt, compromising material

kookaburra /ˈkʊkəˌbaɹə/ /ˈkʊkəˌbɝɹə/ /ˈkʊkəˌbʌɹə/ n
kukabura
kingfishers

kopek n
kopiejka
one-hundredth of a ruble

kopi luwak /ˈkoʊpi ˈlu(w)æk/ /ˈkoʊpi ˈlu(w)ɑk/ n
kopi luwak
coffee made from eaten berries

kore /ˈkoɹeɪ/ /ˈkɔəɹeɪ/ n
kora
sculpture

korephilia /kɒɹɪˈfɪlɪə/ /ˌkɔɹɪˈfiːli.ə/ /ˌkɔɹɪˈfɪli.ə/ n
korefilia
woman’s erotic attraction toward young girls

korovai n
korowaj
a large, single-piece round or rectangular loaf of bread, elaborately decorated and served at a wedding

koruna /kəˈɹuːnə/ n
korona
currency

kosher /ˈkoʊʃɚ/ /ˈkɑʃə(ɹ)/ /ˈkɔʃə(ɹ)/ /ˈkəʊʃə/ adj
koszerny
in accordance with Jewish law

kosovorotka n
rubaszka
traditional Russian skewed-collared shirt for men

koulan n
kułan
Equus hemionus

koumiss /ˈkuːmɪs/ n
kumys
fermented drink

kowtow /ˈkaʊˌtaʊ/ v
kłaniać się
act submissively

kozachok /kəˌzɑˈt͡ʃɔk/ /ˌkazəˈtʃɒk/ /ˌkɑːzəˈtʃɒk/ n
kazaczok kozak
Ukrainian and Russian couple-dance

krai /kɹaɪ̯/ n
kraj
a region or province in Russia

kremlin n
kreml
type of fortification

kreplach n
kreplech uszko
a type of Eastern European dumpling

krill /kɹɪl/ n
kryl
small marine crustacean

kroužek /ˈkɹəʊʒɛk/ n
kółko
kroužek diacritic

krupnik n
krupnik

krypton /ˈkɹɪptɒn/ n
krypton
a chemical element

króna /ˈkɹəʊ.nə/ n
korona
currency

kudos /ˈkjuːdɒs/ /ˈkuː.doʊs/ /ˈkuː.doʊz/ n
chwała
praise, accolades

kugel /ˈkuːɡəl/ /ˈkʊɡəl/ n
gugiel kugel kugiel
dish

kulak /ˈkulæk/ /ˈkuːlak/ n
kułak
prosperous peasant

kummel n
alasz
liqueur

kumquat /ˈkʌmkwɑt/ /ˈkʌmkwɒt/ n
kumkwat
small orange fruit

kuna n
kuna
former currency of Croatia

kung fu /ˈkɔŋ ˈfuː/ /ˈkʊŋ ˈfuː/ /ˈkʌŋ ˈfuː/ n
kung-fu
martial art

kurgan /kʊəˈɡɑːn/ n
kurhan
prehistoric burial mound

kurta n
kurta
Indian shirt

kvass /kvɑːs/ n
kwas chlebowy
fermented cereal-based low alcoholic beverage

kyat /kiˈ(j)ɑt/ /kiːˈɑːt/ /ˈkjɑt/ /ˈt͡ʃɑt/ n
kiat
unit of currency

kylix /ˈkaɪlɪks/ n
kyliks
drinking cup

kyphosis n
kifoza
abnormal curvature of the spine

l-vocalization n
wałczenie

la /lɑː/ n
la
syllable used in solfège to represent the sixth note of a major scale

lab coat /ˈlæb ˌkoʊt/ /ˈlæb ˌkəʊt/ n
fartuch
coat worn by laboratory workers

label /ˈleɪbəl/ n
etykietka
name categorising something or someone as part of a group
metka etykieta nalepka
small ticket or sign giving information

label /ˈleɪbəl/ v
etykietować
give a label to in order to categorise
put a ticket or sign on

labellum /ləˈbɛl.əm/ n
warżka

labia /ˈleɪ.bi.ə/ n
wargi sromowe
folds of tissue at opening of vulva

labia majora n
wargi sromowe większe
outer folds of vulva

labia minora n
wargi sromowe mniejsze
(anatomy) the two inner folds of skin within the cleft of the labia majora

labial /ˈleɪ.bi.əl/ adj
wargowy
pertaining to the lips
wargowy labialny
articulated by the lips

labialization n
labializacja
secondary articulatory feature

labile /ˈleɪbaɪl/ adj
labilny
liable to slip, err, fall or apostatize

labium /ˈleɪ.bi.əm/ n
warga sromowa
liplike structure

labneh n
jogurt grecki
strained yoghurt, yoghurt cheese

labor market n
rynek pracy
market consisting of workers

labor-intensive adj
pracochłonny
requiring a great deal of work

laboratory /ləˈbɒɹət(ə)ɹiː/ /ləˈbɔɹətɹi/ /ləˈbɔɹəˌtɔɹi/ /ˈlæb(ə)ɹəˌtɔɹi/ /ˈlæbɹəˌtɔɹi/ n
laboratorium
place where chemicals, drugs or microbes are prepared or manufactured
laboratorium pracownia
room, building or institution equipped for scientific research

laborer /ˈleɪ.bɚ.ɹɚ/ n
robotnik
One who uses bodily strength to earn a wage

laborious /ləˈbɔːɹiəs/ adj
mozolny pracochłonny
requiring much physical effort

labour /ˈleɪ.bə/ /ˈleɪ.bɚ/ n
poród
giving birth
praca
work
robota
hard work

labour /ˈleɪ.bə/ /ˈleɪ.bɚ/ v
pracować
to work

labour camp n
obóz pracy
type of prison

labour law n
prawo pracy

laburnum /ləˈbɜːnəm/ /ləˈbɝnəm/ n
złotodeszcz złotokap
any tree of genus Laburnum

labyrinth /ˈlæb.ə.ɹɪnθ/ /ˈlæb.ɹɪnθ/ n
labirynt
anything complicated or confusing
labirynt błędnik
maze
part of inner ear

labyrinthine /ˌlab.əˈɹɪn.θʌɪn/ /ˌlæb.əˈɹɪn.θɪn/ /ˌlæb.əˈɹɪnˌθaɪn/ /ˌlæb.əˈɹɪnˌθin/ adj
labiryntowy
physically resembling a labyrinth

labyrinthitis n
zapalenie błędnika
inflammation

lac /læk/ n
lakier
a resinous substance

lace /leɪs/ n
koronka
fabric

lace /leɪs/ v
sznurować
fasten with laces

laced moray n
murena cętkowana
Gymnothorax favagineus

laceration /læsəˈɹeɪʃən/ n
rana szarpana
an irregular open wound caused by a blunt impact to soft tissue

lachanophobia /ˌlækənəˈfəʊbɪə/ n
lachanofobia
irrational fear of vegetables

laches /ˈlætʃɪz/ n
przedawnienie
legal doctrine

lachrymatory /ˈlækɹɪmətəɹi/ adj
łzawiący
causing tears

lachrymose /ˈlæk.ɹɪ.moʊs/ adj
płaczliwy łzawy
tearful; causing tears

lack /lak/ /læk/ n
brak niedostatek
deficiency, need

lack /lak/ /læk/ v
brakować zabraknąć
be without, need, require

lackey /ˈlæ.ki/ n
lokaj
liveried male servant
przydupas sługus
a fawning, servile follower

lackless /ˈlækləs/ adj
bezbrakowy

lackluster /ˈlæklʌstə(ɹ)/ adj
bezbarwny
having no shine or lustre; dull
not exceptional; not worthy of special merit, attention, or interest; having no vitality

lacklusterly adv
bezbarwnie

lacklusterness n
bezbarwność

laconic /ləˈkɑnɪk/ /ləˈkɒnɪk/ adj
lakoniczny
using as few words as possible

laconically adv
lakonicznie
in a terse manner

lacquer /ˈlæk.ə/ /ˈlæk.ɚ/ n
lakier
glossy, resinous material used as a surface coating

lacquerer n
lakiernik
one who lacquers

lacrosse /ləˈkɹɑs/ /ləˈkɹɒs/ /ləˈkɹɔs/ n
lacrosse
sport

lactase n
laktaza
A β-galactosidase enzyme

lactation /lækˈteɪʃən/ n
laktacja
secretion of milk

lactic /ˈlæktɪk/ adj
mleczny
of, relating to, or derived from milk

lactic acid n
kwas mlekowy
2-hydroxy-propanoic acid (CH₃.CHOH.CO₂H)

lactone n
lakton
cyclic intramolecular ester

lactose /ˈlæk.toʊs/ /ˈlæk.təʊs/ /ˈlæk.təʊz/ n
laktoza
disaccharide sugar of milk and dairy products

lactose intolerance n
nietolerancja laktozy
inability to metabolize lactose

lacustrine /-aɪn/ /ləˈkʌstɹɪn/ adj
jeziorny
of or relating to lakes

lacy /ˈleɪ.si/ adj
koronkowy
made of lace or decorated with it

lad /læd/ /ləd/ n
chłopak chłopiec młodzieniec
a boy or young man

ladder /ˈladə/ /ˈlædɚ/ [ˈlæɾɚ] n
drabina
climbing tool

ladder wagon n
wóz drabiniasty
a type of wagon

ladies and gentlemen n
panie i panowie
phrase used to address an audience of men and women

ladies first phraseologicalUnit
panie przodem

ladle /ˈleɪ.dəl/ n
chochla warząchew apałonik kopyść warzęcha łyżka wazowa
deep-bowled spoon with a long, usually curved, handle
kadź
container used in a foundry to transport and pour out molten metal

lady /ˈleɪdi/ [ˈleɪ.ɾi] n
dama pani
woman of breeding and authority
pani dama
polite term referring to a woman
pani lady
title for the wife a lord

lady fern n
wietlica samicza
Athyrium filix-femina

lady's man n
zdobywca serc
man who attracts women and enjoys their company

lady's slipper n
obuwik
orchid of the subfamily Cypripedioideae
obuwik pospolity
Cypripedium calceolus

lady's thumb n
rdest plamisty
Persicaria maculosa

lady-in-waiting /ˌleɪdi ɪn ˈweɪtɪŋ/ /ˌleɪdɪ ɪn ˈweɪtɪŋ/ [-ɾɪŋ] n
dama dworu
lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant

ladybird /ˈleɪ.di.bəːd/ /ˈleɪ.di.bɝd/ n
biedronka boża krówka
member of Coccinellidae

ladyboy /ˈleɪdiˌbɔɪ/ n
ladyboy
effeminate homosexual man, especially an intergender person

ladyship /ˈleɪ.di.ʃɪp/ n
Pani
Term of respect

lag /læɡ/ n
lag
(Internet) bad connection, loss of connection

lagomorph n
zajęczak
member of the mammalian taxonomic order, Lagomorpha, which includes hares, rabbits, and pikas

lagoon /ləˈɡuːn/ n
laguna
shallow body of water

lahar /ˈlɑhɑɹ/ n
lahar
volcanic mudflow

laid-back adj
wyluzowany
relaxed and easy-going

laity /ˈleɪ.ə.ti/ /ˈleɪ.ɪ.ti/ n
laikat
people of a church who are not ordained

lake /leɪk/ n
jezioro
body of water
lakier
a kind of coloring agent

lakh /læk/ /lɑːk/ /lɑːkʰ/ numeral
lakh
one hundred thousand

lama /ˈlɑː.mə/ n
lama
master of Tibetan Buddhism

lamassu /ləˈmasuː/ n
lamassu
Assyrian protective deity

lamb /læm/ [lɛəm] n
jagnię baranek
young sheep
jagnięcina jagnię
flesh of lamb as food

lambda /ˈlæm.də/ n
lambda
name of the Greek letter

lambda calculus n
rachunek lambda
algebraic system

lambda function n
funkcja anonimowa
anonymous function

lambdacism /ˈlæmbdəˌsɪzəm/ n
lambdacyzm
pronunciation of other sounds as l

lambent /ˈlæmbənt/ adj
migotliwy
Brushing or flickering gently

lambkin /ˈlæmkɪn/ n
jagniątko baranek
a young lamb

lamblike adj
barankowaty łagodny jak baranek
like a lamb

lambskin n
baranek
skin of a young sheep

lame /leɪm/ adj
kiepski
slang: failing to be cool, funny, interesting or relevant
kiepski słaby
slang: unconvincing
kulawy chromy kulejący
unable to walk properly because of a problem with one's feet or legs
kuśtykający
by extension, hobbling

lame /leɪm/ v
okulawić
to cause a person or animal to become lame

lame duck n
kulawa kaczka
an official who is marking time until leaving their office
niedorajda nieudacznica nieudacznik ofiara ofiara losu
a person or thing that is helpless, inefficient or disabled

lamellate adj
blaszkowaty
composed of thin plates or scales

lament /ləˈmɛnt/ n
lament
expression of grief, suffering, or sadness
lament tren
song expressing grief

lament /ləˈmɛnt/ v
lamentować
express grief

lamentation /ˌlæm.ənˈteɪ.ʃən/ /ˌlæm.ɪnˈteɪ.ʃən/ n
lament lamentacja
the act of lamenting
lament lamentacja lamentowanie
a sorrowful cry; a lament
mourning
stado
a group of swans

lametta /ləˈmɛtə/ n
lameta łańcuch choinkowy
thin wire or foil

lamia /ˈleɪ.mi.ə/ /ˈleɪmɪə/ n
lamia
monster in mythology

lammergeier /ˈlaməɡaɪə/ /ˈlamɚɡaɪɚ/ n
orłosęp
bird

lamp /læmp/ [leəmp] [lɛəmp] [lɛːmp] n
lampa
device producing light
oil device producing light

lampion n
kaganek lampa
a small oil lamp

lamplighter /ˈlæmpˌlaɪ.tə(ɹ)/ n
latarnik
a person employed to light streetlights

lampoon /læmˈpuːn/ n
paszkwil
written satirical attack

lamppost n
słup latarni
pole that holds up a light

lamprey /ˈlæm.pɹeɪ/ /ˈlæm.pɹi/ n
minóg
a fish

lampshade /ˈlæmp.ʃeɪd/ n
abażur klosz
cover over a lamp

lamé n
lama
fabric

lance /læns/ /lɑːns/ n
harpun
spear or harpoon used by whalers
kopia
wooden weapon used in jousting or tilting
kopia lanca
weapon of war
lansjer ułan
(military) soldier armed with a lance

lancehead n
żararaka
any pitviper of the genus Bothrops

lanceolate adj
lancetowaty
botany, mycology: longer than wide, pointed apex

lanceolated warbler n
świerszczak nakrapiany
Locustella lanceolata

lanceolately adv
lancetowato

lancer n
lansjer ułan
cavalry soldier with a lance

lancet /læn.sɪt/ /lɑːn.sɪt/ n
lancet skalpel
surgical instrument

land /lænd/ [ɫeə̯nd] n
ziemia kraj kraina
country or region
ziemia ląd
part of Earth that is not covered by oceans or other bodies of water

land /lænd/ [ɫeə̯nd] v
dobić do brzegu
to arrive at land, especially a shore, or a dock, from a body of water
lądować wylądować
to descend to a surface, especially from the air

land ahoy interjection
ziemia na horyzoncie
interjection shouted by the ship's watch

land breeze n
bryza
an offshore breeze

land bridge n
pomost lądowy
isthmus

land mine /ˈlænd.maɪn/ n
mina mina lądowa
mine that is placed on land

land of Nod /ˈlænd əv ˈnɑd/ /ˈlænd əv ˈnɒd/ pn
objęcia Morfeusza

land of milk and honey n
kraina mlekiem i miodem płynąca kraj mlekiem i miodem płynący ziemia mlekiem i miodem płynąca
a land of abundance

land on one's feet v
spadać na cztery łapy spaść na cztery łapy

land surveyor n
geodeta geodetka miernicza mierniczy
professional who measures land, delineates property boundaries, etc.

lander [ˈlændə] [ˈlændɚ] n
lądownik
space probe

landfill /ˈlænd.fɪl/ n
wysypisko
site at which refuse is buried

landing /ˈlændɪŋ/ n
lądowanie
a coming to a surface, as of an airplane
podest
a platform at the top of a flight of stairs

landing craft n
okręt desantowy
a type of flat-bottomed boat

landing gear n
podwozie
undercarriage

landing net n
kasarek podbierak
Fishnet

landless adj
bezrolny
not owning land

landlessness n
bezrolność

landline n
telefon stacjonarny
telephone connected by such a fixed wire

landlocked /ˈlændlɑkt/ /ˈlændlɒkt/ adj
śródlądowy
surrounded by land

landlord /ˈlænd.lɔɹd/ /ˈlænd.lɔːd/ n
właściciel wynajmujący
person who owns and rents land such as a house, apartment, or condo

landlubber /ˈlænd.lʌ.bə/ /ˈlænd.lʌ.bɚ/ n
szczur lądowy
someone unfamiliar with the sea or seamanship

landowner /ˈlændˌoʊ.nɚ/ /ˈlændˌəʊ.nə/ n
właściciel ziemski właścicielka ziemska
a person who owns land

landscape /ˈlan(d)skeɪp/ /ˈlæn(d)skɪp/ n
pejzaż
scenario
pejzaż krajobraz
portion of land or territory

landscaper /ˈlænd.skeɪp.ə/ /ˈlænd.skeɪp.ɚ/ n
pejażysta pejzażystka
one that does landscaping

landslide /ˈlænd.slaɪd/ n
osuwisko
natural disaster

lane /leɪn/ n
dróżka
division of racetrack
pas (ruchu)
division of roadway
uliczka aleja alejka
passageway

langos /ˈlaːŋɡoʃ/ n
langosz
traditional Hungarian fried dough

language /ˈlæŋɡwɪd͡ʒ/ [ˈleɪŋɡwɪd͡ʒ] n
język mowa
body of words used as a form of communication
computer language
nonverbal communication
język słownictwo
particular words used
vocabulary of a particular field
mowa język
the ability to communicate using words

language area n
obszar językowy

language barrier n
bariera językowa
barrier to communication

language border n
granica językowa

language code n
kod językowy
a standard identifier of a language

language contact n
kontakt językowy
phenomenon

language exchange n
wymiana językowa
language exchange

language family n
rodzina językowa
set of languages

language proficiency n
sprawność/biegłość językowa znajomość języka
proficiency at a language

language school n
szkoła językowa
school where foreign languages are taught

languid /ˈlæŋɡwəd/ /ˈlæŋɡwɪd/ adj
ociężały ospały słaby
of a person or their actions, character, etc.: lacking drive, emotion, or enthusiasm

languish /ˈlæŋ.ɡwɪʃ/ v
dogorywać pokutować
to live in miserable conditions
marnieć
to lose strength and become weak
tęsknić
to pine away with longing
wlec się
to be neglected, to make little progress

lansquenet /ˈlanskəˌnɛt/ /ˈlɑːnskəˌnɛt/ /ˌlænskəˈnɛt/ n
lancknecht
gambling card game
lancknecht landsknecht
German mercenary of the 15th or 16th century

lantern /ˈlæntən/ /ˈlɛən(t)ɚn/ n
latarnia
case of transparent material made to protect a flame, or light

lanthanum /ˈlænθənəm/ n
lantan
metallic element

lanugo /ləˈnjuːɡəʊ/ n
lanugo
soft down or fine hair

lanyard /ˈlæn.jəd/ /ˈlæn.jɚd/ /ˈlænˌjɑɹd/ /ˈlænˌjɑːd/ /ˈɫænjəd/ n
smycz
cord worn around the neck, shoulder, or wrist which is attached to a small object to be carried

lap /læp/ n
podołek
part that lies on the knees or thighs when one sits down
okrążenie
sports: one circuit around a race track

lap /læp/ v
chłeptać chlipać
to take liquid into the mouth with the tongue

lap dog /ˈlæpdɒɡ/ n
kanapowiec pies pokojowy
small dog suited to resting in its master's lap

laparoscopy /lapəˈɹɒskəpi/ n
laparoskopia
examination or surgery on the peritoneal cavity

laparotomy n
laparotomia
surgical procedure

lapel /ləˈpɛl/ n
klapa
each of the two triangular pieces of cloth on a jacket or coat

lapidary /ˈlæpəˌdɛɹi/ /ˈlæpɪdəɹi/ /ˈlæpɪdɹi/ adj
lapidarny zwięzły
of a piece of writing or a writing style: characteristic of or suitable for an inscription; embodying the precision and refinement of inscriptions on monuments

lapidary /ˈlæpəˌdɛɹi/ /ˈlæpɪdəɹi/ /ˈlæpɪdɹi/ n
lapidarium
treatise on (precious) stones

lapidate /ˈlæpɪˌdeɪt/ v
kamienować ukamienować
stone to death

lapidation /ˌlæpɪˈdeɪʃən/ n
ukamienowanie
act of stoning, sometimes to the point of death

lapis lazuli /ləˈzu.li/ /ˈlaz.jʊ.li/ /ˈlæz.(j)ə.laɪ/ /ˈlæʒ.ə.laɪ/ /ˈlæʒ.ə.li/ /ˌlap.ɪs ˈlaz.jʊ.laɪ/ /ˌlæp.ɪs ˈlæz.(j)ə.li/ n
lapis lazuli lapis-lazuli lazuryt
precious blue stone

lapse /læps/ n
błąd pomyłka potknięcie
a temporary failure; a slip

lapsus linguae /ˌlæpsəs ˈlɪŋɡwiː/ n
lapsus
An inadvertent remark

lapti n
postoły łapcie
bast shoes

laptop /ˈlæp.tɑp/ /ˈlæp.tɒp/ n
laptop
computing: a laptop computer

lapwing /ˈlæpwɪŋ/ n
czajka
bird belonging to the subfamily Vanellinae

lar gibbon n
gibon białoręki lar
Hylobates lar

larch /ˈlɑɹt͡ʃ/ /ˈlɑːtʃ/ n
modrzew
a coniferous tree
the wood of the larch

lard /lɑɹd/ /lɑːd/ n
smalec
fat from the abdomen of a pig

larder /ˈlɑɹ.dɚ/ /ˈlɑː.də/ n
spiżarnia
cool room used as food storage

large /lɑɹd͡ʒ/ /lɑːd͡ʒ/ adj
duży
of greater size

large intestine n
jelito grube
bodily organ

large white n
bielinek kapustnik kapustnik
butterfly

large-scale adj
wielkoskalowy
large in amount, scope or extent

large-sized adj
duży wielki wielkogabarytowy wielkowymiarowy

large-tailed antshrike n
sadzak perlisty
a passerine of the antbird family

largehearted adj
ofiarny wielkoduszny
compassionate, generous, benevolent

largesse /lɑɹˈ(d)ʒɛs/ /lɑːˈ(d)ʒɛs/ n
hojność szczodrość
(uncountable) trait of being willing to donate money, resources, or time

lark /lɑɹk/ /lɑːk/ n
ranny ptaszek skowronek
one who wakes early
skowronek
bird
heca
romp, frolic, some fun

larkspur n
ostróżka
Delphinium

larva /ˈlɑɹ.və/ /ˈlɑː.və/ n
larwa
a stage of growth
an animal in such stage of growth

larvacean n
ogonica
any tunicate of the class Larvacea

larval /ˈlɑɹvəl/ adj
larwalny
of or relating to a larva or larvae, being a larva, larval-like, undeveloped

laryngeal /ləˈɹɪn.d͡ʒi.əl/ /ləˈɹɪn.d͡ʒəl/ /ləˈɹɪn.ʒi.əl/ /ˌlæɹ.ənˈd͡ʒi.əl/ /ˌlɛɹ.ənˈd͡ʒi.əl/ adj
krtaniowy
of or pertaining to larynx

laryngologist n
laryngolog
a person who studies or specializes in laryngology

laryngology n
laryngologia
branch of physiology

laryngoscope n
laryngoskop
endoscope used for viewing the interior of the larynx

larynx /ˈlæ.ɹɪŋks/ /ˈlæɹ.ɪŋks/ /ˈlɛɹ.ɪŋks/ n
krtań
organ involved in breath control, protection of the trachea, and sound production

lasagna /lɘˈsɐː.njɘ/ /lɘˈzɐː.njɘ/ /ləˈsɑː.njə/ /ləˈzæn.jə/ /ləˈzɑ.njə/ /ləˈzɑː.njə/ n
lasagne lazania lazanie
baked dish
flat sheet of pasta

lascivious /ləˈsɪviəs/ adj
frywolny lubieżny rozpustny
wanton

laser /ˈleɪz.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈleɪzɚ/ n
laser
device producing beam of light

laser printer n
drukarka laserowa laserówka
computer printer

laserwort n
okrzyn
plant of the genus Laserpitium

lash /læʃ/ n
smagnięcie
stroke with a whip

lash /læʃ/ v
biczować ubiczować
to strike with a lash

lashless adj
bezrzęsny
without eyelashes

lassi /ˈlæsi/ /ˈlɑsi/ /ˈlʌsi/ n
lassi
beverage

lasso /læsˈuː/ /ləsˈuː/ /ˈlæs.oʊ/ /ˈlæs.u/ n
arkan lasso
a long rope with a sliding loop

last /last/ /læst/ /lɑːst/ /ɫast/ adj
ostatni
final
least preferable
ubiegły zeszły
most recent

last /last/ /læst/ /lɑːst/ /ɫast/ n
kopyto
tool

last /last/ /læst/ /lɑːst/ /ɫast/ v
trwać
to endure, continue over time

last call n
ostatnia szansa żeby zamówić
announcement

last gasp n
ostatnie podrygi
the final moment or days of one's life
ostatnie podrygi ostatnie tchnienie
a person's last breath before dying

last mile /ˌlæst ˈmaɪl/ /ˌlæst-/ /ˌlɑːst ˈmaɪl/ n
łącze abonenckie
portion of the infrastructure the carries communication signals from the main system to the end user’s business or home

last quarter n
trzecia kwadra
the waning lunar phase halfway between full moon and new moon

last resort n
ostatnia deska ratunku
only remaining option

last stand /læst stænd/ /lɑːst stænd/ [lɑːst stænd] [ɫæst stɛə̯nd] n
ostatni bastion

last straw n
miarka się przebrała ostatnia kropla
small additional burden

last time n
ostatni raz
the ultimate occurrence
poprzedni raz
the previous occurrence

last week adv
w zeszłym tygodniu
week before this one

last word n
ostatnie słowo
final decision or the right to make such a decision

last year adv
w zeszłym roku
year before this one

last-ditch adj
ostateczny
as a last resort, done in desperation

lat /lɑt/ /lɑːt/ n
łat
former currency of Latvia

latch /læt͡ʃ/ n
antaba zatrzask
fastening for a door
kusza
crossbow
przerzutnik
flip-flop electronic circuit

late /leɪt/ adj
późny późno
near the end of a period of time
near the end of the day
późny spóźniony
associated with the end of a period
spóźniony
not arriving until after an expected time
zmarły świętej pamięci
euphemism for "dead"

late /leɪt/ adv
późno
past a designated time

late antique adj
późnoantyczny
of or pertaining to Late Antiquity

late bloomer n
osoba późno odnosząca sukces
person who achieves proficiency or success late
późno kwitnąca roślina
plant that blooms late

lateen /læˈtiːn/ /ləˈtin/ /ləˈtiːn/ n
żagiel łaciński
sail

latency /ˈleɪ.tən.si/ n
latencja
delay

latent /ˈleɪ.tənt/ adj
ukryty uśpiony
existing or present but concealed or inactive

later /ˈleɪtə/ /ˈleɪtɚ/ [ˈleɪ̯ɾɚ] adj
późniejszy
at some time in the future
coming afterward in time
more late

later /ˈleɪtə/ /ˈleɪtɚ/ [ˈleɪ̯ɾɚ] adv
później
afterward in time
at some unspecified time in the future
more late

later /ˈleɪtə/ /ˈleɪtɚ/ [ˈleɪ̯ɾɚ] interjection
nara
see you later

lateral /ˈlæt.ə.ɹəl/ /ˈlæt.ɹəl/ adj
boczny lateralny
of or pertaining to the side

lateral /ˈlæt.ə.ɹəl/ /ˈlæt.ɹəl/ n
spółgłoska boczna boczny
sound produced through lateral pronunciation

lateral thinking n
myślenie latneralne
lateral thinking

lateralization n
lateralizacja

laterite /ˈlatəɹʌɪt/ n
lateryt
red hard or gravel-like soil or subsoil

latest /ˈleɪ.tɪst/ adj
najnowszy
most recent

latex /ˈleɪtɛks/ /ˈleɪˌtɛks/ n
lateks
milky sap
emulsion

lath /læθ/ n
łata listwa deszczułka
a thin, narrow strip, fastened to the rafters, studs, or floor beams of a building, for the purpose of supporting a covering of tiles, plastering, etc.

lathe /leɪð/ n
tokarka
machine tool used to shape a piece of material

lathe /leɪð/ v
toczyć wytoczyć
to shape with a lathe

lather /ˈlæð.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈlæð.ɚ/ /ˈlɑː.ðə(ɹ)/ n
piana mydlana
foam of soap and water

lather /ˈlæð.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈlæð.ɚ/ /ˈlɑː.ðə(ɹ)/ v
mydlić namydlać namydlić
to cover with lather

latitude /ˈlæt.ə.tjud/ /ˈlæt.ɪ.tjuːd/ /ˈlæt.ɪ.tud/ n
równoleżnik szerokość geograficzna
imaginary line parallel to the equator
swoboda
freedom from restrictions
szerokość geograficzna szerokość
angular distance north or south from the equator
szerokość szerokość ekliptyczna
angular distance of a heavenly body from the ecliptic

latrine /ləˈtɹiːn/ n
latryna
a very simple toilet facility, usually just a pit or trench

latte /laˈteɪ/ /ˈlæ.teɪ/ /ˈlɑ.teɪ/ n
latte
caffè latte

latte macchiato n
latte macchiato

latter /ˈlæt.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈlæt.əɹ/ [ˈlæɾ.ɚ] adj
drugi
relating to or being the second of two items
końcowy ostatni późniejszy
near (or nearer) to the end
ostatni
close (or closer) to the present time

lattice /ˈlæt.ɪs/ n
krata
partially ordered set

laudable /ˈlɔːdəbl/ adj
godny pochwały
worthy of being lauded

laugh /laːf/ /læf/ /lɑːf/ n
śmiech
expression of mirth peculiar to the human species

laugh /laːf/ /læf/ /lɑːf/ v
obśmiewać wyśmiewać śmiać się
make an object of laughter or ridicule
śmiać się rechotać
show mirth by peculiar movement of the muscles of the face and emission of sounds

laugh in one's sleeve v
śmiać się w kułak
laugh secretly

laugh off v
obracać w żart obrócić w żart
respond to a negative situation lightheartedly

laugh one's head off v
sikać ze śmiechu umierać ze śmiechu
laugh uproariously

laughable /ˈlaːfəbl̩/ /ˈlæfəbl̩/ /ˈlɑːfəbl̩/ adj
śmieszny
fitted to excite laughter

laughing gas n
gaz rozweselający
common name for nitrous oxide

laughing kookaburra n
kukabura kukabura chichotliwa
Dacelo novaeguineae

laughing stock n
pośmiewisko
object of ridicule

laughter /ˈlæftɚ/ /ˈlɑːftə/ n
śmiech
sound (as) of laughing
movement of the muscles of the laughing face

laughterless adj
bez śmiechu nie śmiejący się

launch /lɑnt͡ʃ/ /lɑːnt͡ʃ/ /lɒnt͡ʃ/ /lɔnt͡ʃ/ /lɔːnt͡ʃ/ n
uruchomienie wystrzelenie
act of launching
wodowanie
movement of a vessel from land into the water
barkas
largest boat belonging to a ship of war

launch /lɑnt͡ʃ/ /lɑːnt͡ʃ/ /lɒnt͡ʃ/ /lɔnt͡ʃ/ /lɔːnt͡ʃ/ v
odpalać odpalić uruchamiać uruchomić włączać włączyć
to start (a program or feature)
rozpoczynać rozpocząć
send out; start on a career; set going; give a start to; put in operation
wodować zwodować
cause to move or slide from the land into the water
wyrzucać wyrzucić wystrzeliwać wystrzelić
throw, hurl, let fly, propel with force

launch pad /ˈlɑntʃ.pæd/ /ˈlɔntʃ.pæd/ /ˈlɔːntʃ.pæd/ n
wyrzutnia rakietowa
the surface from which a launch is made

launch window n
okno startowe

launcher /ˈlɑnt͡ʃ.ɚ/ /ˈlɔnt͡ʃ.ɚ/ /ˈlɔːntʃ.ə/ n
wyrzutnia
a device that throws something

launder /ˈlɑndɚ/ /ˈlɑːndə(ɹ)/ /ˈlɔndɚ/ /ˈlɔːndə/ v
prać uprać
to wash and iron

launderette /lɔndəˈɹɛt/ /lɔːnˈdɹɛt/ n
pralnia samoobsługowa
place with facilities for washing that public may use

laundry /ˈlɑn.dɹi/ /ˈlɑːn.dɹi/ /ˈlɔːn.dɹi/ n
bielizna rzeczy do prania
that which needs to be laundered
pralnia
place or room where laundering is done
pranie
laundering; washing

laundry basket n
kosz
container for holding and transporting clothing

laura /ˈlɔɹə/ /ˈlɔːɹə/ n
ławra
cluster of cells or caves for hermits, with a church and sometimes a refectory at the centre
large male monastery

laureate /ˈlɑɹ.i.eɪt/ /ˈlɑɹ.i.ət/ /ˈlɒɹ.i.eɪt/ /ˈlɒɹ.i.ət/ /ˈlɔɹ.i.eɪt/ /ˈlɔɹ.i.ət/ /ˈlɔːɹ.i.eɪt/ /ˈlɔːɹ.i.ət/ n
laureat laureatka
one crowned with laurel

laurel /ˈlɒɹ.əl/ /ˈlɔɹ.əl/ /ˈlɔːɹ.əl/ n
laur wawrzyn
crown of laurel
honor, distinction
wawrzyn laur
Laurus nobilis

laurel wreath n
wieniec laurowy
wreath worn as a symbol of victory

lava /ˈlævə/ /ˈlɑːvə/ n
lawa
molten rock

lava flow n
przepływ lawy strumień lawy
flow of lava

lava lake n
jezioro lawowe jezioro lawy
reservoir of molten lava

lavalier /ˌlæv.əˈlɪɹ/ /ˌlɑv-/ n
mikroport
a kind of microphone

lavash /ləˈvaʃ/ /ləˈvɑːʃ/ n
lawasz
a soft, thin flatbread

lavender /ˈlæv.ən.də/ /ˈlæv.ən.dɚ/ n
lawenda
plant
colour

lavender marriage n
lawendowe małżeństwo
male-female marriage intended to conceal non-heterosexuality

lavish /ˈlævɪʃ/ adj
hojny
profuse
nadmierny obfity
excessive

lavish /ˈlævɪʃ/ v
obdarowywać
to expend or bestow with profusion; to squander

lavishly /ˈlævɪʃli/ adv
bogato
in a lavish manner

law /lɑ/ /lɔ/ /lɔː/ /ɫoː/ n
prawo
body of rules established in a community by its authorities
statement of (observed, established) order, sequence or relationship of phenomena
prawo reguła zasada przepis
any rule that must or should be obeyed
reguła prawo
mathematics: statement that is true under specified conditions
stróż prawa prawo
informal: the police

law of excluded middle n
zasada wyłączonego środka
axiom of classical logic

law of nations n
prawo międzynarodowe prawo narodów
international law

law of the jungle n
prawo dżungli prawo pięści wilcze prawo
The survival of the fittest

law of war n
prawo wojenne
law concerning acceptable practices while engaged in war

law-abiding adj
praworządny
obeying the laws

lawbreaker n
przestępca przestępczyni
person who breaks the law

lawful /ˈlɔːfʊl/ adj
legalny prawomierny prawomocny prawowierny
conforming to or recognised by law or rules

lawlessness n
bezprawie swawola
lack of law and order

lawmaking n
legislacja prawodawstwo ustawodawstwo
the act of passing or enacting of laws, legislating

lawman /ˈlɔmæn/ /ˈlɔmən/ /ˈlɔːmæn/ /ˈlɔːmən/ n
stróż prawa
an officer of the law

lawn /lɑn/ /lɔn/ /lɔːn/ n
trawnik
ground covered with grass

lawnmower /ˈlɑn.moʊ.ɚ/ /ˈlɔn.moʊ.ɚ/ /ˈlɔːn.məʊ.ə/ n
kosiarka
a device to cut grass

lawrencium /ləˈɹɛnsiəm/ n
lorens
chemical element

lawsuit /ˈlɑˌs(j)ut/ /ˈlɔˌs(j)ut/ /ˈlɔːˌs(j)uːt/ n
pozew
case where a court is needed to resolve differences

lawyer /ˈlɔ.jɚ/ /ˈlɔɪ.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈlɔɪ.ɚ/ /ˈlɔːjə(ɹ)/ n
adwokat prawnik prawniczka adwokatka radca radczyni
professional person authorized to practice law

lawyer /ˈlɔ.jɚ/ /ˈlɔɪ.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈlɔɪ.ɚ/ /ˈlɔːjə(ɹ)/ v
adwokatować
to practice law

lawyer's wig n
czernidłak kołpakowaty
Coprinus comatus

lawyership n
adwokactwo adwokatura

lay /leɪ/ v
kłaść położyć
to place something down in a position of rest
składać złożyć
to deposit an egg

lay an egg v
składać jajo złożyć jajo
to produce an egg

lay bare v
obnażać obnażyć
reveal

lay down v
położyć się
to lie down for rest

lay down one's arms v
składać broń złożyć broń

lay out v
wykładać wyłożyć
to arrange in a certain way
to expend
to explain

lay something at the feet of v
przydzielać odpowiedzialność przydzielić odpowiedzialność
to assign responsibility for (something) to (someone)

lay the groundwork v
kłaść podwaliny
To provide the basics

layer /lɛə/ /lɛɚ/ /ˈleɪ.ə/ /ˈleɪ.ɚ/ n
warstwa
single thickness of some material covering a surface
deposit
nioska
hen kept to lay eggs

layer /lɛə/ /lɛɚ/ /ˈleɪ.ə/ /ˈleɪ.ɚ/ v
cieniować
to cut or divide into layers
układać warstwami
to arrange in layers

layer cake n
przekładaniec
type of cake

laying on of hands n
nakładanie rąk wkładanie rąk
using touch to communicate spiritual energy from one person to another

layman /ˈleɪmən/ n
laik
someone who is not a professional in a given field
someone who is not an ordained cleric

layout /ˈleɪ.aʊt/ n
layout rozkład rozmieszczenie rozplanowanie układ
structured arrangement of items

lazaretto /ˌlæzəˈɹɛti/ /ˌlæzəˈɹɛtoʊ/ /ˌlæzəˈɹɛtəʊ/ [-ɾi] [-ɾoʊ] n
lazaret
building or ship used to temporarily isolate sick people to prevent the spread of infectious diseases
place reserved for people with infectious diseases (especially leprosy or plague) to live on a long-term basis

laze /leɪz/ v
gnuśnieć pleśnieć spleśnieć zgnuśnieć
be lazy, waste time

lazily adv
leniwie leniwo
in a lazy manner

laziness n
lenistwo
quality of being lazy

lazy /ˈleɪzi/ adj
leniwy
unwilling to work

lazybones n
leniuch leniwiec
person who is lazy

lcm n
NWW
initialism for least common multiple

lea /leɪ/ /liː/ n
błonie
open field, meadow, pasture

lead /lid/ /liːd/ n
cynk trop
information obtained by a detective or police officer
information obtained by a news reporter
kierować prowadzić doprowadzać pokazywać poprowadzić przeprowadzać
guide or conduct in a certain course
kierować prowadzić przewodzić dowodzić poprowadzić
conduct or direct with authority
prowadzenie
act of leading or conducting
precedence; advance position
prowadzić
draw or direct by influence
intransitive: have the highest interim score in a game
intransitive: to guide or conduct
intransitive: tend or reach in a certain direction
intransitive: to go first
prowadzić się
guide or conduct oneself
prowadzić doprowadzać wieść wodzić poprowadzić przeprowadzać
guide or conduct with the hand, or by means of some physical contact connection
prowadzić przewodzić poprzedzać
intransitive: be ahead of others
go or be in advance of; precede
prowadzić przodować
intransitive: be more advanced
wychodzić
begin a game of cards or dominoes
wyjście
in cards and dominoes

lead /lɛd/ n
ołów
chemical element
bullets

lead astray v
sprowadzać na manowce sprowadzić na manowce
to influence or to lead someone into bad ways, lead off the straight and narrow

lead by example v
świecić przykładem

lead by the nose v
wodzić za nos

lead on v
bajtlować zbajtlować
to mislead

lead time n
czas realizacji
the amount of time between the initiation of some process and its completion

lead-free adj
bezołowiowy
containing no lead
petroleum: containing no tetraethyl lead; unleaded

leaden /ˈlɛdən/ adj
ołowiany
made of lead

leader /ˈlidɚ/ /ˈliː.də(ɹ)/ n
artykuł wstępny editorial edytorial
principal article in a newspaper
przywódca wódz lider szef
one having authority
rynna
pipe to conduct water from the roof

leaderboard n
tabela wyników
a board showing the ranking of leaders in a competition

leadership /ˈlidɚʃɪp/ /ˈliːdəʃɪp/ n
kierownictwo
group of leaders
przywództwo
capacity to lead
office of leader

leading /ˈlɛdɪŋ/ n
leading
Vertical space added between lines

leading edge n
krawędź natarcia
aeronautics: frontmost edge of an airfoil

leading question n
pytanie sugestywne
suggestive interrogation

leadless /ˈlɛdləs/ adj
bezołowiowy

leaf /liːf/ n
kartka liść
sheet of a book
liść
part of a plant
computing, mathematics: tree node without descendants
sheet of any substance beaten or rolled until very thin
anything resembling the leaf of a plant
flat section used to extend a table

leaf node n
liść
comptheory

leaf spring n
resor
leaf spring

leaf through v
kartkować
to turn the pages of (a book) idly, reading short sections at random

leafless adj
bezlistny
without leaves

leaflet /ˈliːflɪt/ n
listek
component of a compound leaf
small plant leaf
ulotka

leafy spurge n
wilczomlecz lancetowaty
Euphorbia esula

league /liːɡ/ n
liga
organization of sports teams
liga przymierze
a group or association of cooperating members

league /liːɡ/ v
sprzymierzać się sprzymierzyć się
to form an association

league cup n
puchar ligi
cup competition

leak /liːk/ n
przeciek
crack, crevice, fissure, or hole which admits water or other fluid, or lets it escape
divulgation, or disclosure, of information
entrance or escape of a fluid through a crack, fissure, or other aperture

leak /liːk/ v
przeciekać
(of a container) to allow fluid to escape or enter
to reveal secret information

leakage /ˈliːkɪd͡ʒ/ n
przeciek
act of leaking

lean /liːn/ v
opierać się oprzeć się
to press against
pochylać się nachylać się nachylić się pochylić się skłaniać się skłonić się
to incline

lean on v
liczyć na
to depend upon someone's shoulder for support

leap /liːp/ n
skok
distance traversed by a leap
skok krok
significant move forward
skok sus
the act of leaping

leap /liːp/ v
skakać skoczyć przeskakiwać przeskoczyć
to jump

leap in the dark n
skok w nieznane

leap of faith n
skok wiary
act of believing in something despite proof

leap year /ˈliːpˌjɪə/ /ˈliːpˌjɪɹ/ /ˈlɛpˌjiːɹ/ /ˈlɛpˌjɪɹ/ n
rok przestępny
366-day year in the Gregorian calendar

leapfrog /-fɹɔɡ/ /ˈliːpfɹɑɡ/ /ˈliːpfɹɒɡ/ n
zabawa w koziołki
game

learn /lɑː(ɹ)n/ /lɜːn/ /lɝn/ v
uczyć się
to be studying
to make use of a bad experience
uczyć się nauczyć się
to acquire knowledge or ability

learn the hard way v
człowiek uczy się na błędach
learn by experiencing the consequences of making mistakes

learned helplessness n
wyuczona bezradność

learned society n
towarzystwo naukowe
promoter of an academic discipline

learning /ˈlɜːnɪŋ/ /ˈlɝnɪŋ/ n
uczenie
action of the verb

learning disability n
trudności w uczeniu się
disability which prevents the sufferer from learning in a typical manner

lease /liːs/ n
dzierżawa arenda leasing najem
contract granting use or occupation of property

lease /liːs/ v
arendować dzierżawić wynajmować wynająć
to operate or live in some property or land through purchasing a long-term contract

leaseholder n
dzierżawca ajent
tenant holding a lease

leash /liːʃ/ n
smycz
long cord for dogs

least /list/ /liːst/ determiner
najmniej
the smallest amount of

least common multiple n
najmniejsza wspólna wielokrotność
(number theory)

least flycatcher /list flaɪˈkætʃ.ɚ/ /liːst flaɪˈkætʃ.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈkɛtʃ.ɚ/ n
empidonka siwa
Empidonax minimus

least weasel /ˈlist ˈwiz(ə)l/ /ˈliːst ˈwiːz(ə)l/ n
łasica
Mustela nivalis

leather /ˈlɛðə/ /ˈlɛðɚ/ /ˈlʌðəɹ/ adj
skórzany
made of leather

leather /ˈlɛðə/ /ˈlɛðɚ/ /ˈlʌðəɹ/ n
skóra
material produced by tanning animal skin

leave /liv/ /liːv/ n
pozwolenie
permission to be absent
urlop
absence from work

leave /liv/ /liːv/ v
odchodzić odejść
to depart (intransitive)
opuścić opuszczać
to depart from, end one's connection or affiliation with
zostawić zostawiać
to cause to remain as available, not take away, refrain from depleting
to transfer possession after death

leave a lot to be desired v
pozostawiać wiele do życzenia pozostawić wiele do życzenia

leave for dead v
pozostawiać na śmierć pozostawić na śmierć
to abandon considering death

leave home v
wyprowadzać się wyprowadzić się
stop living with one's parents

leave me alone phraseologicalUnit
niech pan mnie zostawi niech pan mnie zostawi w spokoju zostaw mnie zostaw mnie w spokoju
stop talking to me

leave no stone unturned v
poruszyć niebo i ziemię
perform a task thoroughly
search thoroughly

leave someone holding the bag v
wziąć dupę w troki
leave somebody holding the responsibility or blame

leave someone to their own devices v
pozostawiać samemu sobie pozostawić samemu sobie
to leave alone, unsupervised, without assistance

leave to chance v
zostawiać losowi zostawiać przypadkowi zostawić losowi zostawić przypadkowi

leave well enough alone /ˈliːv ˈwɛl ɪˌnʌf əˈləʊn/ v
zostawić w spokoju
to avoid trying to correct, fix, or improve what is already adequate

leaven /ˈlɛv.ən/ [ˈlɛvn̩] n
zaczyn
any agent used to make dough rise

lebensraum n
przestrzeń życiowa
living space

lecithin /ˈlɛs.ə.θɪn/ n
lecytyna
lecithin

lectern /ˈlɛktə(ɹ)n/ n
pulpit mównica
a similar stand to support a lecturer's notes

lectionary n
lekcjonarz
book or listing that contains a collection of scripture readings

lectotype n
lektotyp
biological specimen or illustration

lecture /ˈlɛk.t͡ʃə/ /ˈlɛk.t͡ʃɚ/ n
wykład
a spoken lesson

lecture /ˈlɛk.t͡ʃə/ /ˈlɛk.t͡ʃɚ/ v
wykładać
to teach

lecture theatre n
audytorium aula
room in a university with many seats and a sloped floor

lecturer /ˈlɛktʃəɹə/ /ˈlɛkt͡ʃəɹɚ/ n
wykładowca wykładowczyni
member of university or college
person who gives lectures

lede /lid/ /liːd/ n
lead
introductory paragraph or paragraphs of a newspaper or other news article

ledger /ˈlɛd͡ʒə/ /ˈlɛd͡ʒɚ/ n
rejestr
book for keeping notes
book or other scheme for keeping accounting records
collection of accounting entries

lee /liː/ n
zawietrzna
side of the ship away from the wind

leech /liːt͡ʃ/ n
pijawka
annelid
pijawka pasożyt
person who derives profit from others
uzdrowiciel znachor
paganism: a healer

leek /liːk/ n
por
vegetable

leer /lɪə(ɹ)/ /lɪɹ/ v
patrzeć pożądliwie
to look with sexual desire or malicious intent

leery /ˈlɪəɹ.i/ adj
podejrzliwy
Cautious, hesitant, or nervous about something; having reservations or concerns

leeward /ˈl(j)uːəd/ /ˈliwəɹd/ /ˈliːwəd/ /ˈluːəɹd/ adj
zawietrzny
on the side sheltered from the wind

left /ˈlɛft/ adj
lewicowy
pertaining to the political left
lewy
west side of the body when one is facing north

left /ˈlɛft/ adv
na lewo po lewej stronie z lewej strony
on the left side
na lewo w lewo
towards the left side

left /ˈlɛft/ n
lewa lewica
the left side
lewica
the ensemble of left-wing political parties

left /ˈlɛft/ v
pozostały
remaining

left and right adv
na prawo i lewo na prawo i na lewo
all over the place

left bank n
lewy brzeg lewobrzeżny
river bank to the left when facing downstream

left hand n
lewa ręka

left total adj
dziedzina lewostronna

left wing n
lewica
politics

left-handed n
leworęczny leworęki
preferring the left hand over the right

left-hander n
mańkut
a person who is left-handed

left-luggage office n
przechowalnia bagażu
place where luggage may be left

leftist /ˈlef.tɪst/ /ˈlɛf.tɪst/ adj
lewicowy
Pertaining to the political left

leftist /ˈlef.tɪst/ /ˈlɛf.tɪst/ n
lewicowiec
a person who holds views associated with the political left

leftovers n
resztki
food remaining after a meal

leg /leɪɡ/ /lɛɡ/ n
etap podróży
stage of journey
goleń łydka
portion of the lower appendage from knee to ankle
mecz
game played in a tournament
noga
lower limb from groin to ankle
nogawka
part of garment covering the leg

leg it v
dawać nogę dać nogę
To run away, to flee

leg warmer n
getry
garment which extends from the knee to the ankle

leg-breaker n
próba odbioru piłki skutkująca złamaniem nogi rywala wejście skutkujące złamaniem nogi rywala
(soccer) a tackle or other maneuver capable of breaking a player's leg

legacy /ˈleɪɡəsi/ /ˈlɛɡəsi/ n
dziedzictwo spuścizna
something inherited from a predecessor; a heritage
spadek
money or property bequeathed to someone in a will

legal /ˈliɡəl/ /ˈliː.ɡəl/ adj
legalny pełnomocny prawowity zgodny z prawem
allowed or prescribed by law
prawniczy
relating to the law or to lawyers
prawny legalny
having its basis in the law

legal action n
kroki prawne
legal proceedings

legal effect n
skutek prawny
a particular state of the rights in consequence of a defined state of things

legal person n
osoba prawna
organization or group of people

legal positivism n
pozytywizm prawniczy
legal school of thought in jurisprudence

legal recourse n
regres roszczenie zwrotne
action that can be taken by an individual or a corporation to attempt to remedy a legal difficulty

legal tender n
środek płatniczy
currency that cannot be refused as payment to extinguish a debt

legal vacuum n
luka w prawie

legalism n
legalizm
focusing on text instead of intent

legalist /ˈli.ɡəl.ɪst/ adj
legalistyczny
of or related to legalism

legalist /ˈli.ɡəl.ɪst/ n
legalista legalistka
one who adheres to legalism

legalistically adv
legalistycznie
in a legalistic manner

legality n
legalność prawność
lawfulness

legalization n
legalizacja
process of making something legal

legalize /ˈliːɡəlaɪz/ v
legalizować zalegalizować
make legal

legally /ˈliːɡəli/ adv
legalnie
as permitted by law
from a legal perspective

legate /ˈlɛɡət/ /ˈlɛɡɪt/ n
legat
deputy of a provincial governor or general in ancient Rome
deputy representing the pope

legato /ləˈɡɑ.toʊ/ /ləˈɡɑ.təʊ/ adv
legato
music: smoothly, in a connected manner

legend /ˈliːdʒ.ənd/ /ˈlɛd͡ʒ.ənd/ n
legenda
story of unknown origin describing plausible but extraordinary past events
any person of extraordinary accomplishment
key to the symbols and color codes on a map

legendary /ˈlɛd͡ʒ.ən.də.ɹi/ /ˈlɛd͡ʒ.ən.dɹi/ /ˈlɛd͡ʒ.ənˌdɛɹ.i/ adj
legendarny
of or pertaining to a legend

legging /lɛɡ.ɪŋ/ n
legginsy
leg covering

legible /ˈlɛd͡ʒəbl/ adj
czytelny
clear enough to be read

legibly adv
czytelnie
in a legible manner

legion /ˈliːd͡ʒən/ adj
legion
numerous

legion /ˈliːd͡ʒən/ n
legion
the major unit or division of the Roman army

legionary /ˈlidʒəˌnɛɹi/ /ˈliːdʒənəɹi/ /ˈliːdʒənɹi/ n
legionista
member of a legion

legislation /ˌlɛd͡ʒɪsˈleɪʃən/ n
legislacja prawodawstwo ustawodawstwo
the act of legislating
prawodawstwo ustawodawstwo
law already enacted by legislature

legislational adj
legislacyjny legislatywny prawodawczy ustawodawczy
relating to legislation

legislative /lɛˈd͡ʒɪ.slə.tɪv/ /ˈled͡ʒ.ɪ.slə.tɪv/ /ˈlɛd͡ʒ.ɪ.slə.tɪv/ /ˈlɛd͡ʒ.ɪˌsleɪ.tɪv/ /ˈlɛd͡ʒˌɪs.lə.tɪv/ [ˈled͡ʒ.ɪ.slə.ɾɪv] [ˈlɛd͡ʒ.ɪˌsleɪ.ɾɪv] adj
legislacyjny legislatywny prawodawczy ustawodawczy
having the power to make laws

legislative branch n
legislatura legislatywa władza ustawodawcza
branch of government

legislator n
ustawodawca legislator prawodawca prawodawczyni ustawodawczyni
who creates or enacts laws

legislature /ˈlɛd͡ʒɪslət͡ʃə/ /ˈlɛd͡ʒɪsləˌt͡ʃʊə/ /ˈlɛd͡ʒɪsˌleɪt͡ʃɚ/ n
legislatura legislatywa władza ustawodawcza
governmental body with the power to make, amend and repeal laws

legitimate /ləˈd͡ʒɪt.ɪ.meɪt/ /ləˈd͡ʒɪt.ɪ.mət/ /lɪˈd͡ʒɪt.ɪ.meɪt/ /lɪˈd͡ʒɪt.ɪ.mət/ adj
legalny prawowity
lawful

legitime n
zachowek

legless adj
beznogi beznożny
without legs

legume /ləˈɡjuːm/ /lɪˈɡjuːm/ /ˈlɛɡ.juːm/ n
roślina strączkowa
member of Fabaceae (Leguminosae) family
strąk
fruit or seed of leguminous plants

leguminous adj
strączkowy
of the Leguminosae family
resembling a legume

leister /ˈlistɚ/ /ˈliːstə/ n
oścień
spear with barbed prongs for catching fish

leisure /ˈliːʒə(ɹ)/ /ˈliːʒəɹ/ /ˈlɛʒə(ɹ)/ /ˈlɛʒəɹ/ n
laba wolne
freedom provided
wolny czas
time free

leitmotif /ˈlaɪt.moʊˌtif/ /ˈlaɪt.moʊˌtɪv/ /ˈlaɪt.məʊˌtiːf/ /ˈleɪt.moʊˌtif/ n
lejtmotyw
melodic theme in an opera

lek /lɛk/ n
lek
currency of Albania

lek /lɛk/ v
tokować
to take part in the courtship and display behaviour of a lek

lemma /ˈlɛmə/ /ˈlɪmə/ n
lemat
mathematics: proposition used mainly in the proof of some other proposition
lemma lemat
linguistics: canonical form of a term

lemming /lɛm.ɪŋ/ n
leming
rodent
leming wyznawca
member of a group given to conformity or groupthink

lemniscate /lɛmˈnɪs.kət/ /lɛmˈnɪs.kɪt/ n
lemniskata
mathematics: figure-of-eight closed curve

lemon /ˈlɛm.ən/ /ˈlɪm.ɪn/ adj
cytrynowy
having the colour/color of lemons
cytrynowy cytryna
having the flavour/flavor and/or scent of lemons

lemon /ˈlɛm.ən/ /ˈlɪm.ɪn/ n
cytryna
citrus fruit
cytryna drzewo cytrynowe
tree
cytrynowy cytryna
colour/color
taste
rzęch
defective item

lemon balm n
melisa lekarska melisa
Melissa officinalis

lemon squeezer n
wyciskarka do cytryn
device used to extract juice from lemons

lemon verbena n
lippia trójlistna
shrub

lemonade /ˈlɛmənˌeɪd/ /ˌlɛmənˈeɪd/ n
lemoniada
carbonated beverage
still beverage

lemongrass n
palczatka cytrynowa
species of grass of the genus Cymbopogon

lemur /ˈliːmə(ɹ)/ n
lemur
strepsirrhine primate of the infraorder Lemuriformes, superfamily Lemuroidea

lend /lɛnd/ /lɪnd/ v
pożyczyć pożyczać
to allow to be used temporarily

lend itself to v
odpowiadać pasować
be suitable for

lender /ˈlɛndɚ/ n
pożyczkodawca
one who lends, especially money

length /lɛn(t)θ/ /lɛŋ(k)θ/ n
długość
distance along the longest dimension

lengthen /ˈlɛŋ(k)θən/ v
przedłużyć wydłużyć
to make longer

leniency n
pobłażliwość
quality of mercy or forgiveness, especially in the assignment of punishment as in a court case

lenition /liˈnɪʃən/ /liːˈnɪʃən/ /ləˈnɪʃən/ /lɪˈnɪʃən/ n
boggaghys lenicja
weakening of consonant articulation

lens /lɛnz/ n
soczewica soczewka
biology: genus of the legume family; its bean
soczewka
object focusing or defocusing the light passing through it
anatomy: transparent crystalline structure in the eye
device which focuses or defocuses electron beams

lens cap n
dekielek
cap that protects a camera lens

lens flare n
flara
brightness in an image

lenticular /lɛnˈtɪk.jə.lɚ/ /lɛnˈtɪk.jʊ.lə/ adj
soczewkowaty
shaped like a biconvex lens
soczewkowy
of or pertaining to a lens

lentil /ˈlɛntəl/ n
soczewica
seed used as food
soczewica jadalna soczewica
plant Lens culinaris

leonine /ˈliːənaɪ̯n/ adj
lwi
of or like a lion

leopard /ˈlɛpəd/ /ˈlɛpɚd/ n
lampart lampart plamisty leopard pantera rysiec
a large wild cat with a spotted coat, Panthera pardus

leopard seal /ˈlɛpəd siːl/ /ˈlɛpɚd siːl/ n
lampart morski
Hydrurga leptonyx

leopardsbane n
omieg
Doronicum

leotard /ˈliː.ə.tɑːd/ /ˈliː.ə.tɑːɹd/ /ˈlɪə.tɑːd/ n
trykot
skin-tight one piece suit of clothing

leper n
trędowaty
person who has leprosy

leper colony n
leprozorium
isolated community of lepers

lepidopterology /ˈlɛpɪˈdɑptɚˈɑləd͡ʒi/ n
lepidopterologia
scientific study of butterflies and moths

leporine /ˈlɛpəɹaɪn/ /ˈlɛpəɹən/ /ˈlɛpəˌɹaɪn/ adj
króliczy zajęczy
of, relating to, or resembling a hare or rabbit

leprechaun /ˈlɛprəˌkɑn/ /ˈlɛprəˌkɔn/ /ˈlɛpɹəkɔːn/ n
irlandzki skrzat leprechaun
one of a race of Irish elves

leprosy /ˈlɛpɹəsi/ n
trąd lepra
infectious disease caused by M. leprae

lepton /ˈlɛptɒn/ n
lepton
Greek coin
elementary particle

lesbian /ˈlɛz.bi.jən/ /ˈlɛz.bi.jɪn/ /ˈlɛz.bɪ.ən/ adj
lesbijski lesbijka
between two women; pertaining to women's homosexuality
lesbijski lesbijska
of a woman: preferring women partners

lesbian /ˈlɛz.bi.jən/ /ˈlɛz.bi.jɪn/ /ˈlɛz.bɪ.ən/ n
lesbijka lesbijski
homosexual woman

lesbophobia n
lesbofobia
fear, dislike, or hatred of lesbians

lese majesty /liz ˈmædʒəsti/ n
obraza majestatu
crime of violating majesty

leshy n
borowy gajowy laskowiec lasowy leszy leśnik
a woodland spirit in Slavic mythology

lesion /ˈliːʒən/ n
lezja
an infected or otherwise injured or diseased organ or part
uszkodzenie ciała
a wound or an injury

less /lɛs/ adv
mniej
to a smaller extent or degree

less is more /lɛs ɪz ˈmɔɹ/ /lɛs ɪz ˈmɔː/ proverb
mniej znaczy więcej
less is more

lesser black-backed gull n
mewa żółtonoga
Larus fuscus

lesser celandine n
ziarnopłon
a European perennial herb, Ranunculus ficaria

lesser grey shrike n
dzierzba czarnoczelna
Lanius minor

lesser jacana n
długoszpon mały
Microparra capensis

lesser of two evils n
mniejsze zło

lesser redpoll n
czeczotka brązowa
bird

lesser roadrunner /ˈlɛsə(ɹ) ˈɹoʊdˌɹʌnə(ɹ)/ n
kukawka meksykańska
Geococcyx velox

lesser spotted eagle n
orlik krzykliwy
Clanga pomarina

lesser spotted woodpecker /ˈlɛsə(ɹ) ˈspɒtəd ˈwədpɛkə(ɹ)/ n
dzięciołek
Dendrocopoes minor

lesser white-fronted goose n
gęś mała
Anser erythropus

lesser whitethroat n
piegża
Curruca curruca

lesser yellowlegs n
brodziec żółtonogi
Tringa flavipes

lesson /ˈlɛsən/ [ˈlɛsn̩] n
lekcja
section of learning or teaching
something learned
something that serves as a warning or encouragement
lekcja czytanie
section of the Bible or other religious text read as part of a divine service

lessor n
arendarka arendarz
owner of property that is leased

lest /liːst/ /lɛst/ conjunction
ze strachu, że
for fear that
żeby nie
that [...] not

let /lɛt/ v
niech
introducing an imperative
pozwalać pozwolić
to allow
wynajmować
to put up for rent

let alone conjunction
co dopiero
to say nothing of

let bygones be bygones /lɛt ˈbaɪɡɒnz biː ˈbaɪɡɒnz/ /lɛt ˈbaɪˌɡɑnz bi ˈbaɪˌɡɑnz/ v
puszczać w niepamięć puścić w niepamięć
to disregard or ignore a past difficulty in a relationship or an offence

let down v
opuszczać opuścić
to allow to descend
rozczarować zawieść
to disappoint

let go v
puszczać puścić
to no longer hold on

let him who is without sin cast the first stone phraseologicalUnit
kto z was jest bez grzechu, niech pierwszy rzuci na nią kamień
only those who are faultless have the right to pass judgment on others

let in v
wpuszczać wpuścić
to let someone or something come in

let know v
dawać znać dać znać
inform

let oneself go v
zaniedbać się zaniedbywać się
cease to care about one's appearance

let out v
robić wydawać wydać zrobić
of sound, to emit
wypuszczać wypuścić
to release

let sleeping dogs lie v
nie rozdrapuj starych ran nie wywołuj wilka z lasu
leave things as they are

let the cat out of the bag v
wypuścić kota z worka
to disclose a secret, often inadvertently

let there be light phraseologicalUnit
niech stanie się światłość
let there be light

let's /lɛts/ v
-my
let us; forming first-person plural imperative

let's go phraseologicalUnit
cho dalej dalejże dawaj hajda hajże
expression of encouragement, cheer
chodzić iść
hortative of go
dalej dalejże ruszać się
hurry up

let's say phraseologicalUnit
powiedzmy

let-down /ˈlɛtdaʊn/ n
wypływ
release of milk

lethal /ˈliː.θəl/ adj
śmiercionośny śmiertelny letalny
of, pertaining to, or causing death; deadly; mortal; fatal

lethally /ˈliːθəli/ adv
śmiertelnie
in a lethal manner

lettable adj
do wynajęcia

letter /ˈletə(ɹ)/ /ˈlɛtə(ɹ)/ /ˈlɛtɚ/ [-ɾə(ɹ)] [-ɾɚ] n
list
written message
litera
a symbol in an alphabet

letter of credence n
listy uwierzytelniające

letter of credit n
akredytywa
trade finance document

letter of intent n
list intencyjny
document

letter of recommendation n
referencje
evaluation letter

letter of the law n
litera prawa
strict interpretation of the law

letter opener n
nóż do otwierania kopert nóż do otwierania listów
knifelike device

letterbox n
skrzynka pocztowa
collection point for mail
delivery point for mail

lettering n
liternictwo
written text

letters patent /-ˈpeɪ-/ /-ˈpæ-/ /ˌlɛtəz ˈpeɪtənt/ /ˌlɛtɚz ˈpætənt/ [ˌlɛɾɚz ˈpæɾənt] n
patent
type of legal document in the form of an open letter issued by an authority

lettuce /ˈlɛtəs/ /ˈlɛtɪs/ [ˈlɛɾəs] [ˈlɛɾɪs] n
kapusta
US paper currency
sałata
an edible plant, Lactuca
the leaves of the lettuce plant, eaten as a vegetable or dish

lettuce leaf n
liść sałaty
leaf of lettuce

leu /ˈleɪ.uː/ n
lej
unit of currency of Romania

leucine /ˈluː.siːn/ n
leucyna
essential amino acid; C₆H13NO₂

leucism n
leucyzm
partial loss of pigmentation

leucistic adj
leucystyczny

leucoma n
bielmo blachmal
opaque area or scar on the cornea of an eye

leucomatous adj
bielmowy

leukaemic adj
białaczkowy
characteristic of, or associated with leukaemia

leukemia /luːˈkiːmi.ə/ n
białaczka leukemia
cancer of blood forming tissue

leukemogenic adj
białaczkotwórczy

leukocyte /ˈluːkə(ʊ)sʌɪt/ n
leukocyt krwinka biała
a white blood cell

lev /lɛv/ n
lew
currency of Bulgaria

levee /ləˈveɪ/ /ləˈvi/ /ˈlɛv.eɪ/ /ˈlɛvi/ n
grobla
embankment to prevent inundation

level /ˈlɛv.əl/ adj
poziomy
same height at all places

level /ˈlɛv.əl/ n
piętro poziom
floor of a building
poziom
distance relative to a given reference elevation
gaming: discrete segment of a game
gaming: numeric value for something or someone's experience and power
poziom stopień
degree or amount
poziomica
tool

level crossing n
przejazd kolejowo-drogowy
at-grade crossing

level-headed adj
opanowany zrównoważony
possessing sound judgement

lever /ˈliː.və/ /ˈliː.vɚ/ /ˈlɛv.ɚ/ n
dźwignia lewar drążek wajcha
rigid piece

leverage /ˈliːv(ə)ɹɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈlɛv(ə)ɹɪd͡ʒ/ n
dźwignia finansowa lewarowanie
use of borrowed funds
naciski
influence which is compounded or used to gain an advantage
siła nacisku
force compounded by means of a lever rotating around a pivot

leverage /ˈliːv(ə)ɹɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈlɛv(ə)ɹɪd͡ʒ/ v
wykorzystać wykorzystywać
use, exploit, take full advantage of

leveraged buyout n
wykup lewarowany

leveret /ˈlɛvəɹɪt/ /ˈlɛvɹɪt/ n
zajączek
a young hare

levetiracetam /lɛvɪtɪˈræsɪtæm/ n
lewetyracetam

leviathan /ləˈvaɪ.ə.θən/ adj
lewiatan
very large; gargantuan

leviathan /ləˈvaɪ.ə.θən/ n
lewiatan
Biblical sea monster

levirate n
lewirat
marriage

levitate /ˈlɛvɪteɪt/ v
lewitować
to be suspend in the air

levitation /ˌlɛvɪˈteɪʃən/ n
lewitacja
raising of something without apparent physical cause
technical suspension without mechanical support

levonorgestrel /ˌli.və.nɔɹˈd͡ʒɛ.stɹəl/ /ˌliː.vəʊ.nɔːˈd͡ʒɛ.stɹl̩/ n
lewonorgestrel

levy /ˈlɛ.vi/ v
pobierać ściągać
to impose a tax

lewd /ljuːd/ /lud/ adj
bezwstydny lubieżny rozpustny sprośny
lascivious

lexeme /ˈlɛkˌsiːm/ n
leksem
linguistics: unit of vocabulary, set of different forms of the same lemma

lexical /ˈlɛksɪkəl/ adj
leksykalny
of a language's vocabulary

lexicographer /ˌlɛksɪˈkɒɡɹəfə(ɹ)/ n
leksykograf
one who writes or compiles a dictionary

lexicographic adj
leksykograficzny
like a dictionary, relating to lexicography

lexicography /-sə-/ /ˌlɛksɪˈkɑɡɹəfi/ /ˌlɛksɪˈkɒɡɹəfi/ n
leksykografia słownikarstwo
art or craft of compiling, writing, and editing dictionaries

lexicological adj
leksykologiczny
pertaining to lexicology

lexicologically adv
leksykologicznie
In terms of lexicology

lexicologist n
leksykolog leksykolożka
an expert at lexicology

lexicology n
leksykologia
linguistic discipline

lexicon /ˈlɛk.sɪ.kɑn/ /ˈlɛk.sɪ.kɒn/ /ˈlɛk.sɪ.kən/ n
leksyk słownictwo
subject-specific vocabulary
leksykon
dictionary of lexemes
leksykon słownictwo
vocabulary used by an individual
słownik
(rare) any dictionary
dictionary of Classical Greek, Hebrew, Latin, or Aramaic
vocabulary of a language

liability /laɪəˈbɪlɪti/ n
odpowiedzialność
debt
pasywa
(accounting) any item recorded on the right-hand side of a balance sheet

liability insurance n
ubezpieczenie odpowiedzialności cywilnej
insurance against liability

liana /liːˈɑːnə/ n
liana
climbing woody vine

liar /ˈlaɪ.ə/ /ˈlaɪ.ɚ/ n
kłamca kłamczuch kłamczucha łeż łgarz
one who tells lies

liar liar pants on fire phraseologicalUnit
baju, baju, będziesz w raju
used to taunt a liar

liar paradox n
paradoks kłamcy

libation /laɪˈbeɪʃən/ n
libacja
act of pouring a liquid as a sacrifice

libelous /ˈlaɪ.bəl.əs/ adj
oszczerczy
defamatory, libeling

liberal /ˈlɪbəɹəl/ /ˈlɪbɹəl/ adj
liberalny
open to political or social reforms
widely open to new ideas, willing to depart from established opinions, conventions etc.

liberal /ˈlɪbəɹəl/ /ˈlɪbɹəl/ n
liberał
one with liberal views, supporting individual liberty
someone left-wing
liberał liberalny
supporter of a liberal party

liberal arts n
sztuki wyzwolone
academic course of instruction intended to provide general knowledge
the trivium and the quadrivium

liberalism n
liberalizm
political movement
quality of being liberal
economic theory

liberalization n
liberalizacja
the process or act of making more liberal

liberalize /ˈlɪbəɹəlaɪz/ v
liberalizować
to make liberal

liberate /ˈlɪbəɹeɪt/ v
uwolnić oswabadzać oswobodzić uwalniać wyzwalać wyzwolić
to free

liberation n
wyzwolenie oswobodzenie uwolnienie
act of liberating or the state of being liberated

liberator /ˈlɪbəɹeɪtə(ɹ)/ n
oswobodziciel oswobodzicielka wyzwoliciel wyzwolicielka
person who frees or liberates

libero /lɪˈbɛɹoʊ/ /ˈlɪbəɹoʊ/ /ˈlɪbəɹəʊ/ n
libero
volleyball player

libertarianism /lɪbəˈtɛːɹɪənɪz(ə)m/ n
libertarianizm
political philosophy

liberticide adj
niszczący wolności
causing the destruction of liberty

liberticide n
zabójca wolności
one who causes the destruction of liberty
zniszczenie wolności
the destruction of liberty

libertine /ˈlɪb.ə.tiːn/ /ˈlɪb.ɚ.tin/ n
libertyn
one who is freethinking in religious matters
someone loose in morals

liberty /ˈlɪb.ə.ti/ /ˈlɪb.ɚ.ti/ /ˈlɪb.ɪ.ti/ [ˈlɪb.ɚ.ɾi] [ˈlɪb.ɪ.ɾi] n
wolność swoboda
condition of being free

libido /lɪˈbiː.dəʊ/ n
libido
drives or mental energies related or based on sexual instincts but not necessarily sexual in and of themselves.
libido chuć popęd seksualny pożądanie seksualne
sexual urges or drives

librarian /laɪˈbɹɛɹ.i.ən/ n
bibliotekarka bibliotekarz
a person who processes and organizes information
bibliotekarz bibliotekarka
the manager of a library
one who cares for the publications etc. in a library

librarianship n
bibliotekarstwo
the act of operating of a library; service as a librarian

library /ˈlaɪbɹi/ /ˈlaɪbɹəɹi/ /ˈlaɪˌbɛɹi/ /ˈlaɪˌbɹɛɹi/ n
biblioteka
collection of subprograms
collection of DNA material
deck or draw pile
biblioteka biblioteczka księgozbiór
collection of books
biblioteka książnica
institution which holds books, etc.

library science n
bibliotekoznawstwo
interdisciplinary science

libre /-bɹeɪ/ /ˈlibɹə/ /ˈliːbɹə/ [ˈlibʁ] adj
wolny
(software) with very few limitations on distribution or improvement

libretto /lɪˈbɹɛt.oʊ/ /lɪˈbɹɛt.əʊ/ n
libretto
book containing such a text
text of a dramatic musical work, such as an opera

libtard n
lewak
liberal (derogatory)

license /ˈlaɪsəns/ n
licencja
legal terms of product usage
licencja pozwolenie
legal document giving official permission to do something
swawola
excessive freedom
freedom to deviate from rules

license plate n
tablica rejestracyjna blacha
an identifying plate attached to a vehicle

licensee /ˌlaɪsənˈsiː/ n
licencjobiorca
person to whom a license is granted

licensing n
licencjonowanie
the giving of a licence

licentious /laɪ.ˈsɛn.ʃəs/ adj
rozpustny rozwiązły wszeteczny
lacking restraint, particularly in sexual conduct

lich /laɪx/ /litʃ/ /lɪtʃ/ n
licz lisz
undead being

lichen /ˈlaɪ.kən/ /ˈlɪ.tʃən/ n
porost liszaj
symbiotic association of algae and fungi

lichenometry n
lichenometria
geochronologic dating method that uses lichen growth

lick /lɪk/ n
lizanie
act of licking

lick /lɪk/ v
lizać
to stroke with the tongue

lick one's wounds v
lizać rany wylizać rany
withdraw temporarily while recovering from a defeat

licking /ˈlɪkɪŋ/ n
cięgi lanie manto
a great loss or defeat
lizanie
an act of licking

lickspittle /ˈlɪkspɪtl/ /ˈlɪkspɪtəl/ n
dupowłaz lizus przydupas wazeliniarz
fawning toady

lickspittle /ˈlɪkspɪtl/ /ˈlɪkspɪtəl/ v
podlizać się podlizywać się włazić w dupę
act as a fawning toady

licorice /ˈlɪ.k(ə).ɹɪs/ /ˈlɪ.k(ə).ɹɪʃ/ n
lukrecja
plant
confection

lictor /ˈlɪktə/ /ˈlɪktɚ/ n
liktor
officer in ancient Rome

lid /lɪd/ n
pokrywka nakrywka wieko wieczko
top or cover

lido /ˈlaɪ.dəʊ/ /ˈliː.dəʊ/ n
kąpielisko
part of sea

lidocaine /ˈlaɪ.dəˌkeɪn/ /ˈlɪd.ə(ʊ).keɪn/ n
lidokaina
local anesthetic

lie /laɪ̯/ n
legowisko leże nora
An animal's lair
kłamstwo
intentionally false statement

lie /laɪ̯/ v
leżeć
be situated
leżeć spoczywać
be in horizontal position
kłamać łgać okłamywać
tell an intentional untruth

lie detector n
wykrywacz kłamstw

lie down v
kłaść położyć
assume a horizontal position

lie in wait v
czatować
to be hiding to ambush

lie through one's teeth v
łgać jak najęty łgać jak z nut opowiadać głodne kawałki wciskać ciemnotę wciskać kit łgać jak pies
To tell a gross or egregious untruth

lien /liːn/ /ˈliːn/ /ˈliːən/ n
prawo zatrzymania
right to take and hold debtor’s property

lieutenant /l(j)uˈtɛnənt/ /ləˈtɛnənt/ /lɛfˈtɛnənt/ /ˈlɛftɛnənt/ n
porucznik podporucznik
lowest commissioned officer rank

lieutenant admiral n
admiał floty

lieutenant colonel n
podpułkownik
military rank

lieutenant general n
generał broni generał porucznik generał-lejtnant
an officer above major general and below general

life /laɪf/ n
dożywocie kara dożywotniego pozbawienia wolności
life sentence
życie
a worthwhile existence
the essence of the manifestation and the foundation of the being
the subjective and inner manifestation of the individual
the world in general, existence
something inherently part of a person's existence
one of the player's chances to play
duration
życie żywot
the state of being alive

life and limb /ˈlaɪf n̩ ˈlɪm/ n
życie i zdrowie
existence together with the bodily faculties

life choice n
życiowy wybór

life expectancy n
średnia długość życia
the amount of time one is expected to live
żywotność
the amount of time something is expected to last

life force n
siły witalne
principle that animates living organisms

life insurance n
ubezpieczenie na życie
form of insurance

life jacket n
kapok
An article of protective clothing

life member n
członek dożywotni członkini dożywotnia

life of Riley /ˈlaɪf əv ˈɹaɪ.li/ n
życie jak w Madrycie
ideal life of care-free prosperity

life of the party n
dusza towarzystwa

life partner n
towarzysz życia towarzyszka życia
romantic partner for life

life savings n
życiowe oszczędności
large sum of money one has saved over a considerable number of years

life sentence n
dożywocie
sentence of imprisonment for the rest of the defendant's life

life-giving adj
życiodajny
necessary for life

life-or-death adj
na śmierć i życie
Having death as a possible or even likely outcome; perilous

life-size adj
naturalnej wielkości
the same size as the real thing

life-threatening adj
zagrażający życiu
potentially fatal

lifeboat /ˈlaɪfˌboʊt/ /ˈlaɪfˌbəʊt/ n
łódź ratunkowa
a boat to save shipwrecked people

lifeform n
forma życia
living organism

lifeguard n
ratownik
lifesaver, expert swimmer rescuer

lifehack n
lifehack
process or technique that simplifies life

lifelessly adv
bez życia
lifelessly

lifelessness n
martwota
the property of being lifeless, the lack of apparent animation

lifelike adj
jak żywy realistyczny
Like a living being, resembling life

lifeline /ˈlaɪfˌlaɪn/ n
linia ratownicza
line to which a drowning or falling victim may cling

lifelong adj
dożywotni
extending for the entire duration of life

lifepath n
ścieżka życia

lifespan n
długość życia żywotność
length of time for which an organism lives

lifestyle /ˈlaɪfˌstaɪl/ n
styl życia tryb życia
style of living

lifetime /ˈlaɪftaɪm/ n
życie
duration of the life of someone or something

lift /lɪft/ n
siła nośna
upward force
winda wyciąg dźwig
mechanical device for vertically transporting goods or people

lift /lɪft/ v
dźwigać dźwignąć podnieść unieść podnosić unosić
to raise or rise

lift a finger v
palcem nie kiwnąć palcem nie ruszyć
to make minimal effort

lift someone's spirits v
podnieść na duchu podnosić na duchu

lift up v
podciągać podciągnąć
to elevate

lifter /ˈlɪftə/ n
lewar
someone or something that lifts

ligament /ˈlɪɡəmənt/ n
więzadło wiązadło
band of strong tissue that holds the bones of an animal in position

liger /ˈlaɪɡɚ/ n
lygrys
animal born to a male lion and a tigress

light /laɪt/ /lʌɪt/ [ɫɐɪ̯ʔ] adj
jasny widny świetlisty świetlny
having light
jasny światło
pale in colour
błahy lekki
of little significance
lekki
of low weight
lightly-built
lekki delikatny
having little force or momentum
lekki lekkostrawny
low in fat, calories, alcohol, salt, etc.

light /laɪt/ /lʌɪt/ [ɫɐɪ̯ʔ] n
ogień
flame or something used to create fire
okno światło świetlik
window or space for one
światło
electromagnetic waves
source of illumination
spiritual illumination
point of view

light /laɪt/ /lʌɪt/ [ɫɐɪ̯ʔ] v
iluminować oświetlić
to illuminate
zapalić rozpalić
to start (a fire)

light at the end of the tunnel n
światełko w tunelu
a better situation after long hardship

light blue n
jasnoniebieski bladoniebieski bławy modrawy
a pale blue colour: sky blue or similar

light bulb /ˈlaɪtˌbʌlb/ n
żarówka
evacuated glass bulb containing a metal filament that produces light

light cavalry n
lekka kawaleria
military unit

light hour n
godzina świetlna
unit of distance

light industry n
przemysł lekki
industry that does not require high capitalization or heavy machinery

light machine gun n
lekki karabin maszynowy

light side of the Force n
jasna strona mocy

light switch n
włącznik światła
switch used to turn the light on or off

light year /ˈlaɪt.jɜː/ /ˈlaɪt.jɪə/ /ˈlaɪt.jɪɹ/ /ˈläːt.jøː/ n
rok świetlny
astronomical distance

light-minded adj
lekkomyślny
not given to heavy thoughts or thinking

light-mindedness n
lekkomyślność
lack of seriousness

light-sensitive adj
światłoczuły
affected by or sensitive to light

lighten /ˈlaɪ.tən/ [ˈlaɪtn̩] [ˈlaɪʔn̩] v
odciążać odciążyć
to alleviate
to make light in weight

lighter /ˈlaɪtə/ /ˈlaɪtɚ/ [ˈlaɪɾɚ] n
zapalniczka
fire-making device
lichter
a barge

lighthearted adj
lekki
enjoyable lack of seriousness
wesoły beztroski
joyful

lighthouse /ˈlaɪthaʊs/ n
latarnia morska
building containing a light to warn or guide ships

lighthouse keeper n
latarniczka latarnik
person who lives in a lighthouse and tends the light

lightless /laɪtlɛs/ adj
bezświetlny
lacking light

lightly /ˈlaɪtli/ adv
lekko
in a light manner

lightning /ˈlaɪt.nɪŋ/ [ˈlɐɪ̯ʔ.nɪŋ] [ˈlʌɪ̯ʔ.nɪŋ] adj
błyskawicowy błyskawiczny
extremely fast

lightning /ˈlaɪt.nɪŋ/ [ˈlɐɪ̯ʔ.nɪŋ] [ˈlʌɪ̯ʔ.nɪŋ] n
błyskawica piorun grom mełnia
flash of light

lightning fast adj
błyskawicowy błyskawiczny
fast as lightning

lightning never strikes twice in the same place proverb
piorun nigdy nie uderza dwa razy w to samo miejsce

lightning rod n
piorunochron
metallic conductor that protects from lightning

lightningly adv
błyskawicowo błyskawicznie

lightproof adj
światłoszczelny
sealed so that no light can enter

lights, camera, action phraseologicalUnit
światła, kamera, akcja!
traditional cue at a beginning of a take

lightsaber /laɪt.ˈseɪ.bə(ɹ)/ /laɪt.ˈseɪ.bɚ/ n
miecz świetlny
a fictional type of sword

lightship n
latarniowiec
lightship

lignite /lɪɡnaɪ̯t/ n
węgiel brunatny
coal

ligularia n
języczka
any plant of the genus Ligularia

likable /ˈlaɪkəbl̩/ adj
sympatyczny
having qualities tending to result in being liked; friendly, personable

like /laɪ̯k/ /læ̙ːk/ /lɑːk/ /lɔɪ̯k/ adj
podobny
similar

like /laɪ̯k/ /læ̙ːk/ /lɑːk/ /lɔɪ̯k/ n
lajk
Internet interaction

like /laɪ̯k/ /læ̙ːk/ /lɑːk/ /lɔɪ̯k/ preposition
jak
such as
similar to

like /laɪ̯k/ /læ̙ːk/ /lɑːk/ /lɔɪ̯k/ v
dać lajka lajkować
to show support for, or approval of, something posted on the Internet by marking it with a vote
lubić podobać
to enjoy
nawidzieć się podobać się
to find attractive

like a bat out of hell
na złamanie karku

like a bull in a china shop adj
jak słoń w składzie porcelany
clumsy, aggressive

like a bull in a china shop adv
jak słoń w składzie porcelany
clumsily, aggressively

like a chicken with its head cut off
bez głowy
in a frantic, disorganized manner

like a duck takes to water
jak ryba w wodzie
Very naturally

like a moth to the flame
jak ćma do ognia
inescapably allured by something harmful

like clockwork
jak szwajcarski zegarek
with perfect regularity and precision

like father, like son proverb
jaki ojciec, taki syn jakie drzewo, taki klin, jaki ojciec, taki syn
a son takes after his father

like hell
jak cholera jak diabli
using all strength, speed, effort that one can summon

like hot cakes
jak ciepłe bułeczki jak woda jak świeże bułeczki
quickly

like it or not adv
chcąc nie chcąc

like mother, like daughter proverb
jaka matka, taka córka jaka mać, taka nać
a daughter takes after her mother

like one's life depended on it
jakby od tego zależało życie
desperately

like talking to a wall
groch o ścianę
unsuccessful communication

like that
w ten sposób tak w taki sposób
in that particular manner

like turkeys voting for Christmas /laɪk ˌtɜːkiz ˈvəʊtɪŋ fə ˈkɹɪsməs/ /laɪk ˌtɝkiz ˈvoʊtɪŋ fɚ ˈkɹɪsməs/ [-ɾɪŋ-] phraseologicalUnit
podcinać gałąź, na której się siedzi
of an action: self-defeating or serving to bring about a situation detrimental to the performer

like two peas in a pod
jak dwie krople wody
very similar

like water off a duck's back
jak woda po gęsi spływać jak po kaczce
without effects; in a manner having no effect

likelihood /ˈlaɪklihʊd/ n
podobieństwo
resemblance
prawdopodobieństwo
probability
wiarygodność
mathematical likelihood

likely /ˈlaɪkli/ adj
prawdopodobny
probable; having a greater-than-even chance of occurring

liken /ˈlaɪk(ə)n/ /ˈlaɪkən/ v
porównywać porównać
to regard or state that (someone or something) is like another person or thing

likewise /ˈlaɪkˌwaɪz/ adv
nawzajem wzajemnie
the same to you

lilac /ˈlaɪlæk/ /ˈlaɪlɑk/ /ˈlaɪlək/ n
barwa liliowa lila
colour
lilak bez
shrub
flower

lilliputian /ˌlɪlɪˈpjuʃən/ n
liliput liliputka
small person or being

lilo /ˈlaɪləʊ/ n
materac dmuchany
inflatable air mattress

lily /ˈlɪli/ n
lilia lilija
flower in the genus Lilium

lily of the valley n
konwalia konwalia majowa
Convallaria majalis

lima bean /ˈlaɪmə ˌbin/ /ˈlaɪmə ˌbiːn/ n
fasola półksiężycowata fasola limeńska
butter bean

limaçon n
ślimak Pascala
plane curve

limb /lɪm/ n
kończyna odnoga
major appendage of human or animal
tarcza
apparent visual edge

limb /lɪm/ v
gałąź rozczłonkowywać
to remove limbs

limbo /ˈlɪmboʊ/ /ˈlɪmboː/ /ˈlɪmbəʊ/ n
otchłań
place where the souls of innocent deceased people exist temporarily until they can enter heaven
próżnia
in-between place, or condition or state, of neglect or oblivion

lime /laɪm/ adj
limonowy
containing lime or lime juice

lime /laɪm/ n
wapno
inorganic material containing calcium
lima
citrus tree
lima limeta limonka
green citrus fruit
limonkowy żółtozielony
colour

lime /laɪm/ v
wapnowanie
to treat with lime

lime green adj
limonkowy
having a bright, light-green colour

lime mortar n
zaprawa wapienna
soft form of mortar

limekiln n
wapiennik
a furnace used to produce lime from limestone

limeless adj
bezwapienny

limerick /ˈlɪm(ə)ɹɪk/ n
limeryk
humorous rhyming verse of five lines

limestone /ˈlaɪmˌstoʊn/ /ˈlaɪmˌstəʊn/ n
wapienny
made of or with limestone
wapień
abundant rock of marine and fresh-water sediments

limit /ˈlɪmt/ /ˈlɪmɪt/ n
granica
mathematics: value to which a sequence converges
limit
restriction; bound beyond which one may not go

limit /ˈlɪmt/ /ˈlɪmɪt/ v
ograniczać ograniczyć
restrict

limit inferior n
granica dolna

limit point n
punkt skupienia
point whose every neighborhood contains a point in a given subset

limit superior n
granica górna

limited /ˈlɪmɪtɪd/ adj
ograniczony
with certain limits placed upon it

limited company n
spółka kapitałowa
type of company

limited liability n
ograniczona odpowiedzialność

limited liability company n
spółka z ograniczoną odpowiedzialnością sp. z o.o. spółka z o.o.
type of company

limitless adj
bezkresny
without limits; boundless

limitlessly adv
bezbrzeżnie bezgranicznie bezkreśnie

limnology n
limnologia
science of lakes

limousine /ˌlɪməˈziːn/ n
limuzyna
luxury sedan/saloon car

limp /lɪmp/ adj
bezwładny
physically weak

limp /lɪmp/ n
utykanie
gait

limp /lɪmp/ v
utykać kuśtykać
to walk lamely

limply adv
bezwładnie

linchpin /ˈlɪnt͡ʃˌpɪn/ n
lon
securing pin

linden /ˈlɪn.dən/ n
lipa
tree
wood from such tree

line /laɪn/ /lɑɪn/ [lɑe̯n] n
kolejka rząd szereg
straight sequence of people, queue
krawędź
graph theory: edge of a graph
kwestia
sentence of dialogue, especially in a script or screenplay
lina
rope, cord, or string
linia
path through two or more points, threadlike mark
telephone or network connection
music: one of the straight horizontal and parallel prolonged strokes on and between which the notes are placed
metr miara
long tape, or a narrow ribbon of steel, etc., marked with subdivisions, as feet and inches, for measuring; a tapeline
odcinek
geometry: continuous finite segment of such a figure
prosta
geometry: infinite one-dimensional figure
wers
poetic: verse
wers wiersz
single horizontal row of text on a screen, printed paper, etc.

line /laɪn/ /lɑɪn/ [lɑe̯n] v
wypełniać wyściełać
cover the inside surface of (something)

line of credit n
linia kredytowa
financial agreement

line of sight n
linia wzroku
A straight line along which an observer has a clear view

line segment n
odcinek
part of a line

lineage /ˈlɪn.i.ɪd͡ʒ/ n
rodowód
descent

linear /ˈlɪn.i.ə/ /ˈlɪn.i.ɚ/ adj
linearny liniowy
having the form of a line
in mathematics, of first-degree polynomial
physics: involving only one dimension
of or relating to lines

linear algebra n
algebra liniowa
branch of mathematics

linear function n
funkcja liniowa

linear perspective n
perspektywa linearna
perspective

lined antshrike n
chronka rdzawogrzbieta
A passerine bird of the antbird family

linen /ˈlɪnɪn/ n
bielizna bielizna osobista bielizna pościelowa bielizna stołowa
items
płótno lniany
thread or cloth made from flax fiber

linen basket n
kosz na brudną bieliznę
laundry basket

linen closet n
bieliźniarka
shelved closet or cupboard used for the storage of household linen

lingam massage n
masaż lingam
massage focusing on male genitalia

lingerie /-ɹi/ /ˈlæn.ʒə.ɹi/ /ˈlɑn.ʒə.ɹi/ /ˈlɔ̃.(d)ʒə.ɹæɪ/ /ˌlɑn.ʒəˈɹeɪ/ /ˌlɔn.(d)ʒəˈɹæɪ/ n
bielizna (damska) odzież nocna
underwear or nightclothes

lingo /ˈliŋ.ɡoʊ/ /ˈlɪŋ.ɡəʊ/ n
narzecze żargon
language peculiar to a particular group or region

lingonberry n
borówka brusznica borówka czerwona
berry
borówka brusznica brusznica
shrub

lingua franca /ˈlɪŋ.ɡwə ˈfɹæŋ.kə/ n
lingua franca
common language

lingual /ˈlɪŋ.ɡju.əl/ /ˈlɪŋ.ɡwəl/ adj
językowy
related to the tongue

linguicism n
lingwicyzm
the unfair treatment of an individual or community based on their use of language

linguine /lɪŋˈɡwini/ /lɪŋˈɡwiːnɪ/ n
linguine
ribbons of pasta narrower than tagliatelle

linguist /ˈlɪŋɡwɪst/ n
językoznawca lingwista językoznawczyni lingwistka
one who studies linguistics
lingwista lingwistka poliglota poliglotka
a person skilled in languages

linguistic /lɪŋˈɡwɪstɪk/ adj
językowy lingwistyczny
of or relating to language
lingwistyczny językoznawczy
of or relating to linguistics

linguistically /lɪŋˈɡwɪstɪk(ə)li/ adv
językoznawczo lingwistycznie
From a linguistic perspective

linguistics /liŋˈɡwɪstɪks/ /lɪŋˈɡwɪstɪks/ n
językoznawstwo lingwistyka glotologia glottologia
scientific study of language

lining /ˈlaɪnɪŋ/ n
podszewka
material used for inside covering

link /lɪŋk/ n
link odnośnik odsyłacz hiperłącze łącze
computing: short for hyperlink
ogniwo
element of a chain

link spam n
spam linkami
Links added to a web page for the purpose of spamdexing

linker /ˈlɪŋkə/ /ˈlɪŋkɚ/ n
konsolidator linker
computer program that assembles objects

linnet /ˈlɪnɪt/ n
makolągwa
Carduelis cannabina, a finch of Europe, western Asia and northern Africa

linocut /ˈlaɪnoʊˌkət/ /ˈlʌɪnəʊkʌt/ n
linoryt
woodcut in which a block of linoleum is used

linoleum /lɪˈnoʊli.əm/ /lɪˈnəʊli.əm/ n
linoleum
inexpensive waterproof covering

linseed /ˈlɪnsiːd/ n
siemię lniane
seed of the flax plant

linstock n
lontownica
staff for lighting cannons

lintel /ˈlɪn.təl/ n
nadproże
horizontal structural beam

lion /ˈlaɪən/ n
lew
big cat Panthera leo
heraldic charge
person with strength and courage

lion cub n
lwiątko lwię
young lion

lion dance n
taniec lwów
Chinese dance

lion's den n
w paszczy lwa
a dangerous or frightening place

lion's share /ˈlaɪ.əns ʃɛə/ /ˈlaɪ.ənz ʃɛ(ə)ɹ/ n
lwia część
the majority; a large or generous portion

lioness /ˈlaɪ.ə.nɛs/ /ˈlaɪ.ə.nɪs/ n
lwica
female lion

lip /lɪp/ n
warga
fleshy protrusion framing the mouth
part of body resembling a lip

lip balm n
pomadka
substance topically applied to the lips of the mouth

lip gloss n
błyszczek błyszczyk
a cosmetic product

lip sync n
playback
synchronization of music with lips

lip-sync v
śpiewać z playbacku
to move lips in synchronization with sounds

lip-syncing n
playback
act of lip-sync

lipase n
lipaza
group of enzymes

lipid /ˈlɪpɪd/ n
lipid lipoid
organic compound

lipidic adj
lipidowy
of lipids

lipo- prefix
lipo-

lipodystrophy n
lipodystrofia
disorder characterized by abnormality in or degeneration of adipose tissue

lipoma n
tłuszczak
benign tumor

liposuction /ˈlai.poʊ.ˌsʌk.ʃn̩/ n
liposukcja
cosmetic surgery procedure in which bodily fat is removed by suction

lippy /ˈlɪpi/ /ˈlɪpɪ/ adj
pyskaty
having a tendency to talk back in a cheeky or impertinent manner

lipstick /ˈlɪpˌstɪk/ n
szminka
stick of this make-up
szminka barwidło
make-up for the lips

liquefied natural gas n
skroplony gaz ziemny
natural gas converted to liquid

liqueur /lɪˈk(j)ɔɹ/ /lɪˈk(j)ɝ/ /lɪˈkjuɹ/ /lɪˈkjɔː/ /lɪˈkjʊə/ n
likier
a flavored alcoholic beverage

liquid /ˈlɪkwɪd/ adj
ciekły płynny
fluid; not solid and not gaseous
płynny
(of a market) having sufficient trading activity to make buying or selling easy
(of an asset) easily sold or disposed of

liquid /ˈlɪkwɪd/ n
ciecz płyn
substance that is liquid

liquid crystal n
ciekły kryształ
phase of matter

liquidate /ˈlɪkwədeɪt/ /ˈlɪkwɪdeɪt/ v
likwidować
to kill someone

liquidation /ˌlɪkwəˈdeɪʃən/ n
likwidacja
selling a business’s assets
likwidacja spieniężenie
process of converting into cash

liquidator n
likwidator
one who liquidates

liquidity /lɪkˈwɪdəti/ n
płynność
finance: availability of cash over short term
property of being able to be easily converted into cash
state of being liquid

liquor store n
monopolowy sklep monopolowy
shop that sells alcoholic beverages to be drunk off the premises

lira /ˈlɪəɹə/ n
lir
currency of Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, former currency of Italy, etc.
lira
basic unit of currency in Turkey

lisp /lɪl͡sp/ /lɪsp/ /lɪθp/ n
seplenienie sygmatyzm
The habit or an act of lisping.

lisp /lɪl͡sp/ /lɪsp/ /lɪθp/ v
seplenić
to pronounce the sibilant letter ‘s’ imperfectly

lissencephaly /ˌlɪs.ɛnˈsɛf.əl.i/ n
bezzakrętowość
disorder characterized by the lack of folds and grooves of the brain

list /lɪst/ n
krajka
strip of fabric
lista
computing: codified representation of a list
lista spis
enumeration or compilation of items
przechył
nautical: tilting or careening to one side

list /lɪst/ v
spisać katalogować skatalogować spisywać wymieniać wymienić
to create or recite a list
słuchać słyszeć
to listen
podobać się
to be pleasing to
życzyć sobie
to desire, like, wish

list price n
cena katalogowa
retail selling price

listen /ˈlɪs.ən/ [ˈlɪs.n̩] v
nasłuchiwać słuchać
to expect or wait for a sound
słuchać
to pay attention to a sound
słuchać usłuchać
to accept advice or obey instruction
słuchać wysłuchać
to hear (something)

listen in v
podsłuchiwać
to listen secretly
przysłuchiwać się słuchać
to listen without participating

listen with half an ear v
słuchać jednym uchem

listener /ˈlɪs(ə)nə/ /ˈlɪs(ə)nɚ/ n
słuchacz słuchaczka
someone who listens

listening comprehension n
rozumienie ze słuchu
listening comprehension

listless /ˈlɪstləs/ adj
apatyczny obojętny tępy śnięty
Lacking enthusiasm

listlessness n
anemiczność
state of being listless

litany /ˈlɪtəni/ n
litania
ritual liturgical prayer
prolonged or tedious list

litas /ˈlɪtæs/ n
lit
currency of Lithuania

lite /laɪt/ adj
lekki
low in calories

literacy /ˈlɪtəɹəsi/ /ˈlɪtɹəsi/ [-ɾ(ə)ɹə-] n
alfabetyzm piśmienność
ability to read and write

literal /ˈlɪt(ə)ɹəl/ /ˈlɪɾəɹəl/ adj
dosłowny
following the letter or exact words, not taking liberties
dosłowny literalny
exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation

literal /ˈlɪt(ə)ɹəl/ /ˈlɪɾəɹəl/ n
literał
programming: value written in the source code

literalism n
dosłowność
literal interpretation or understanding; adherence to the exact letter or precise significance, as in interpreting or translating

literally /ˈlɪtəɹəli/ /ˈlɪtɹəli/ adv
dosłownie
not metaphorically

literary /ˈlɪt(ə)ɹi/ /ˈlɪtəɹəɹi/ /ˈlɪtəɹɛ(ə)ɹi/ [ˈɫɪɾəɹɛ(ə)ɹi] adj
książkowy
appropriate to literature rather than everyday writing
literacki
relating to literature
relating to writers, or the profession of literature

literary agent n
agent agentka
person who represents writers

literary language n
język literacki
register of a language used in literary writing
supraregional idiom

literary science n
literaturoznawstwo
all kinds of scientific study pertinent to literature

literate /ˈlɪtəɹət/ adj
oczytany
knowledgeable in literature and writing
piśmienny
able to read, having literacy

literature /ˈlɪt.ə.t͡ʃɚ/ /ˈlɪt.ə.ɹə.t͡ʃə(ɹ)/ /ˈlɪt.ɚ.t͡ʃɚ/ /ˈlɪt.ɚ.ə.t͡ʃɚ/ /ˈlɪt.ɹə.t͡ʃə(ɹ)/ /ˈlɪt.ɹə.t͡ʃɚ/ [ˈlɪt͡ʃ.ɹə.t͡ʃɚ] [ˈlɪɾ.ɚ.ə.t͡ʃɚ] n
literatura
body of all written works
all the papers, treatises etc. published in academic journals on a particular subject
the collected creative writing of a nation, people, group or culture

lithic /ˈlɪθɪk/ adj
litowy
lithium

lithium /ˈlɪθi.əm/ n
lit
chemical element

lithium aluminium hydride n
tetrahydroglinian litu
chemical compound, LiH

lithium carbonate n
węglan litu
Li₂CO₃

lithograph /ˈlɪθəɡɹæf/ /ˈlɪθəɡɹɑːf/ n
litografia
image produced by lithography

lithographer n
litograf
a person who makes lithographs

lithographic adj
litograficzny
related to lithography

lithography /lɪθˈɒɡɹəfi/ n
litografia
printing method

lithosphere n
litosfera
the outer layer of the Earth

lithotripsy /ˈlɪθ.əˌtɹɪp.si/ n
litotrypsja
medical treatment

litigate /ˈlɪtɪɡeɪt/ v
procesować się sądzić się
to go to law

litmus /ˈlɪtməs/ n
lakmus
dyestuff from lichen

litmus paper n
papierek lakmusowy

litotes /laɪˈtəʊ.tiːz/ n
litotes litota
rhetoric: stating a point by denying its opposite

litre /ˈli.tɚ/ /ˈliː.tə/ [ˈli.ɾɚ] n
litr
unit of fluid measure

litreage n
litraż
amount in litres

litter /ˈlɪtə(ɹ)/ /ˈlɪtɚ/ [ˈlɪɾɚ] n
lektyka
platform designed to carry a person or a load
miot
animals born in one birth
ściółka
bedding for animals
layer of dead leaves and other organic matter
ściółka żwirek
material for litter tray
śmieci
discarded items

litter /ˈlɪtə(ɹ)/ /ˈlɪtɚ/ [ˈlɪɾɚ] v
naśmiecić śmiecić świntuszyć
drop or throw trash without properly disposing of it

litter box n
kuweta kuweta dla kota
box to provide a soiling area for cats

little /ˈlɘtl̩/ /ˈlɪt(ə)l/ /ˈlɪtl̩/ [ˈlɪtʰɫ̩] [ˈlɪɾɫ̩] [ˈɫɪɾɫ̩] adj
mały
small in size

little /ˈlɘtl̩/ /ˈlɪt(ə)l/ /ˈlɪtl̩/ [ˈlɪtʰɫ̩] [ˈlɪɾɫ̩] [ˈɫɪɾɫ̩] adv
mało
not much

little /ˈlɘtl̩/ /ˈlɪt(ə)l/ /ˈlɪtl̩/ [ˈlɪtʰɫ̩] [ˈlɪɾɫ̩] [ˈɫɪɾɫ̩] determiner
mało
small amount

little auk n
alczyk traczyk
Alle alle

little black dress n
mała czarna
woman's short black dress

little boy n
chłopczyk chłopaczek
a diminutive male child

little bunting n
trznadelek
Emberiza pusilla

little bustard n
strepet
Tetrax tetrax

little finger n
mały palec
outermost and smallest finger of the hand

little girl n
dziewczynka
a female child

little green man /ˌlɘtɘl ˈɡɹin ˌmɛn/ /ˌlɪtəl ˈɡɹin ˌman/ /ˌlɪtəl ˈɡɹin ˌmæn/ [ˌlɘ.ɾɯ ˈɡɹɘ̯ĩm ˌmɛ̞̃n̆] [ˌlɪ.t͡ʔɫ̩ ˈɡɹɪ̃i̯m ˌmãn̆] [ˌlɪ.ɾɫ̩ ˈɡɹɪ̃i̯m ˌmɛ̃ə̯n̆] [ˌlɪ.ʔo-] n
zielony ludzik
soldier lacking identification
zielony ludzik ufoludek
humorous: space alien, Martian

little gull n
mewa mała
gull

little hour n
godzinki
minor canonical hour

little one n
bączek bąk
term of endearment
young child

little owl /ˈlɪtəl ˌaʊl/ n
pójdźka pójdźka zwyczajna
species of owl

little person n
osoba niskorosła
euphemistic term for a person with dwarfism

little stint n
biegus malutki
Calidris minuta

little tern n
rybitwa białoczelna
Sternula albifrons

littoral /ˈlɪtəɹəl/ adj
litoralny
of or relating to the shore, especially the seashore

liturgical /lɪˈtɝd͡ʒɪkəl/ adj
liturgiczny
Pertaining to liturgy

liturgy /ˈlɪtəd͡ʒi/ /ˈlɪtɚd͡ʒi/ n
liturgia
a predetermined or prescribed set of rituals

live /laɪv/ adj
live
(broadcasting) seen or heard from a broadcast, as it happens
żyw żywy
having life

live /laɪv/ adv
live na żywo
as it happens

live /lɪv/ v
mieszkać żyć
have permanent residence
przetrwać przeżyć
survive, persevere, continue
żyć
be alive
spend (one's life), pass, maintain, continue in

live and learn v
człowiek uczy się przez całe życie
exhortation to gain knowledge from lived experiences

live beyond one's means v
żyć ponad stan

live by the sword, die by the sword proverb
kto mieczem wojuje, ten od miecza ginie
one who uses violence can expect a violent response

live one's own life v
żyć własnym życiem

live paycheck to paycheck /lɪv ˈpeɪtʃɛk tə ˈpeɪtʃɛk/ v
żyć od pierwszego do pierwszego
to spend all that one earns without saving anything

live under a rock v
nie być na bieżąco
to be isolated from knowledge of current events

live up v
spełnić oczekiwania
to fulfil the expectations placed upon one

livelihood /ˈlaɪvlihʊd/ /ˈlaɪvlɪhʊd/ n
utrzymanie
means of supporting oneself

liveliness /ˈlaɪvlinəs/ n
żwawość
the quality of being lively

lively /ˈlaɪv.li/ adj
pełen życia żywy
full of life

lively /ˈlaɪv.li/ adv
z życiem
vibrantly, vividly

liver /ˈlɪvə/ /ˈlɪvɚ/ n
wątroba
organ of the body
wątroba wątróbka
organ as food

liver sausage n
wątrobianka
spreadable sausage

liverish adj
niedysponowany
not feeling well due to an upset digestive system

livermorium /ˌlɪvəɹˈmɔːɹiəm/ n
liwermor
chemical element with atomic number 116

liverwort /ˈlɪv.ə.wɜːt/ /ˈlɪv.ɚ.wɔːɹt/ /ˈlɪv.ɚ.wɝːt/ n
wątrobowiec
bryophyte with a leafy stem

liverwurst /ˈlɪvəwɜːst/ /ˈlɪvɚwɝst/ n
wątrobianka
liverwurst

livery /ˈlɪ.və.ɹi/ /ˈlɪv.ɹi/ n
liberia
distinctive uniform worn by a group
malowanie
paint scheme

livestock /ˈlaɪvstɑk/ /ˈlaɪvstɒk/ n
dobytek inwentarz
farm animals

livid /ˈlɪvɪd/ adj
wściekły
very angry, furious

living /ˈlɪvɪŋ/ adj
żywy
having life
in use or existing

living /ˈlɪvɪŋ/ n
środki do życia utrzymanie źródło utrzymania życie
financial means; a means of maintaining life
życie
state of being alive
style of life

living conditions n
warunki bytowe warunki życia
living conditions

living dead n
żywe trupy
undead

living fossil /ˈlɪvɪŋ ˈfɑsl̩/ /ˈlɪvɪŋ ˈfɒsl̩/ n
żywa skamielina żywa skamieniałość
species believed extinct but later found living

living language n
żywy język
a language which is still spoken

living room /ˈlɪvɪŋ ɹuːm/ n
pokój dzienny duży pokój pokój gościnny salon
room in a private house

living thing n
żywa istota
something living

livor mortis n
plamy opadowe
settling of the blood in the lower portion of the body

lixivium n
ług
solution of alkaline salts extracted from wood ashes

lizard /ˈlɪz.əd/ /ˈlɪz.ɚd/ n
jaszczurka
reptile

lizardlike adj
jaszczurczy
like a lizard

llama /ˈjɑmə/ /ˈlɑmə/ /ˈlɑː.mə/ n
lama
South American mammal of the camel family, Lama glama

lo /loʊ/ /ləʊ/ interjection
ot oto
look, see, behold

lo and behold interjection
patrzcie!
used to express surprise

loach /ˈləʊt͡ʃ/ n
piskorz
fish of the family Cobitidae

load /loʊd/ /ləʊd/ n
ciężar obciążenie
burden
mnóstwo
a large number or amount
nakład
the volume of work required to be performed
ładunek ładowność
number of articles that can be transported or processed at one time

load /loʊd/ /ləʊd/ v
załadować wczytać
computing: to read into memory
załadować ładować
to fill with munition
ładować obciążać
to put a load on or in

loaded /ˈloʊdɪd/ /ˈləʊdɪd/ adj
arcybogaty przebogaty
slang: having wealth
nabity
(of a projectile weapon) armed

loaf /loʊf/ /ləʊf/ n
bochenek bochen
block of bread

loaf /loʊf/ /ləʊf/ v
bimbać przebimbać
do nothing

loafer /ˈloʊfɚ/ /ˈləʊfə/ n
arcyleń leń
idle person
loafersy
footwear

loaflike adj
bochenkowaty

loam /loʊm/ /lum/ /ləʊm/ /lʊm/ n
glina zwykła ił
type of soil

loan /loʊn/ /ləʊn/ n
pożyczka kredyt
borrowed sum of money or other property

loan /loʊn/ /ləʊn/ v
pożyczać
to lend

loan shark n
lichwiarz lichwiarka
money lender; usurer

loanword /ˈloʊnˌwɝd/ /ˈləʊnˌwɜː(ɹ)d/ n
zapożyczenie
word taken from another language

loathe /ˈloʊð/ /ˈləʊð/ v
nienawidzić gardzić
to detest, hate, revile

lobby /lɑbi/ /lɒbi/ n
foyer hall hol korytarz przedpokój przedsionek
entryway or waiting area; vestibule
lobby
group of people who try to lobby

lobby /lɑbi/ /lɒbi/ v
lobbować
to attempt to influence

lobbyist /ˈlɑ.bi.ɪst/ /ˈlɒ.bi.ɪst/ n
lobbysta lobbista
person paid to influence politicians

lobe /ləʊb/ n
płat
division of the brain
any projection or division, especially one of a somewhat rounded form

lobelia /loʊˈbiːliə/ n
lobelia
plant

lobotomy /ləˈbɑː.ɾə.mi/ /ləˈbɒt.ə.mi/ n
lobotomia
surgical operation

lobster /ˈlɑb.stɚ/ /ˈlɒb.stə/ n
homar
crustacean

local /ˈloʊkl̩/ /ˈləʊkl̩/ adj
lokalny
computing: having limited scope
math: applying to a limited space
lokalny miejscowy tutejszy
of a nearby location

local /ˈloʊkl̩/ /ˈləʊkl̩/ n
miejscowa miejscowy tutejsza tutejszy
a person who lives near a given place

local derby n
derby
a sports match between local rival teams

local government n
samorząd
government whose remit covers less than that of the nation

local loop n
lokalna pętla abonencka

local maximum n
maksimum lokalne
math: maximum within restricted domain

local minimum n
minimum lokalne
math: minimum within restricted domain

locality /loʊˈkæl.ɪ.ti/ /ləʊˈkæl.ɪ.ti/ n
lokalność
maths, computing: condition of being local
miejscowość
built-up area (city, town or village)
sąsiedztwo
site of certain activity, neighbourhood

locally /ˈləʊkəli/ adv
lokalnie
with respect to place

locally compact adj
lokalnie zwarty

locate /loʊˈkeɪt/ /ləʊˈkeɪt/ /ləˈkeɪt/ /ˈloʊkeɪt/ v
lokalizować namierzać
designate the site or place of

location /loʊˈkeɪʃən/ /ləʊˈkeɪʃən/ n
lokacja
act of locating
miejsce położenie lokalizacja
place

locative case n
miejscownik
case used to indicate place, or the place where

lock /lɑk/ /lɒk/ n
zamek
something used for fastening
firing mechanism of a gun
śluza
segment of a canal
kędzior
length of hair

lock /lɑk/ /lɒk/ v
zamykać na klucz zakluczyć zamknąć
to fasten with a lock

lockdown /ˈlɑkˌdaʊn/ /ˈlɒkˌdaʊn/ n
lockdown
confinement of people as a security measure

locked /lɑkt/ /lɒkt/ adj
zakluczony zamknięty
that has been locked (with a key)

locker /ˈlɑ.kɚ/ /ˈlɒk.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈlɔk.ə(ɹ)/ n
bakista
storage compartment

locket /ˈlɑkɪt/ /ˈlɒkɪt/ n
medalion
chained ornament

lockjaw n
tężec
disease

lockkeeper n
dozorca śluzy
person assigned to look after a canal or river lock

lockout n
lockout
opposite of a strike

locksmith /ˈlɑksmɪθ/ /ˈlɒksmɪθ/ n
ślusarz
one who practices locksmithing

locomotive /ˌloʊkəˈmoʊtiv/ /ˌləʊkəʊˈməʊtiv/ n
lokomotywa
self-propelled vehicle that runs on rails

locoweed n
ostrołódka
plant of genus Oxytropis

locust /ˈloʊ.kəst/ /ˈləʊ.kəst/ n
szarańcza
type of grasshopper

locution /loʊ̯ˈkju.ʃn̩/ n
lokucja
phrase or expression connected to an individual or a group of individuals
use of a word or phrase in an unusual or specialized way

lode /loʊd/ /ləʉd/ /ləʊd/ n
żyła
vein of metallic ore

lodestar /ˈloʊd.stɑɹ/ /ˈləʉd.staː(ɹ)/ /ˈləʊd.stɑː(ɹ)/ n
gwiazda polarna gwiazda przewodnia
star used as navigation reference
gwiazda przewodnia
guiding tenet

lodge /lɑd͡ʒ/ /lɒd͡ʒ/ n
portiernia
porter's rooms
żeremie
beaver's shelter

lodging /ˈlɑd͡ʒɪŋ/ /ˈlɒd͡ʒɪŋ/ n
nocleg kwatera lokum
place to live or lodge

loess /lɛs/ /lɜːs/ /lʌs/ /ˈloʊ.əs/ /ˈləʊɪs/ n
less
sediment of eolian origin

loft /lɑft/ /lɒft/ /lɔft/ n
poddasze strych
an attic or similar space

lofty /ˈlɑfti/ /ˈlɒfti/ /ˈlɔːfti/ adj
szczytny wzniosły
idealistic
wysoki
high, having great height or stature

log /lɑɡ/ /lɒɡ/ /lɔɡ/ n
kłoda
trunk of dead tree, cleared of branches
polano bierwiono kloc kłoda
bulky piece of timber
log
(computer) an append-only sequence of records written to disk
chronological record

log in v
zalogować się
gain access to a computer system

log out v
wylogować się wylogowywać się
to exit an account in a computing system

logarithm /ˈlɑ.ɡə.ɹɪ.ð(ə)m/ /ˈlɑɡ.ə.ɹɪðm/ /ˈlɑɡ.əɹ.ɹɪðm/ /ˈlɑɡəɹ.ɹɪ.ðəm/ n
logarytm
The power to which a given base number must be raised in order to obtain a given number

logarithmic /ˌlɒɡəˈɹɪðmɪk/ adj
logarytmiczny
relating to logarithms

logbook /ˈlɑɡ.bʊk/ /ˈlɔɡ.bʊk/ n
dowód rejestracyjny
record of the ownership of a motor car
dziennik podróży
travel journal
dziennik pokładowy
nautical: book in which details from journey are recorded

logger /ˈlɑɡɚ/ /ˈlɒɡə/ n
drwal rębacz
worker whose occupation is to harvest trees
program logujący
one that logs

loggerhead duck n
torpedówka falklandzka
Tachyeres brachypterus

loggerhead shrike n
dzierzba siwa
Lanius ludovicianus

loggia /ˈloʊd͡ʒə/ /ˈlɒd͡ʒiə/ /ˈlɒd͡ʒə/ n
lodżia loggia
a roofed, open gallery

logging n
wycinka wyrąb
cutting trees

logic /ˈlɑ.d͡ʒɪk/ /ˈlɒd͡ʒ.ɪk/ /ˈlɔd͡ʒ.ɪk/ n
logika
mathematical study
method of human thought
any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness
formal or informal language

logic gate n
bramka
physical Boolean device

logical /ˈlɑd͡ʒɪkəɫ/ /ˈlɒd͡ʒɪkəɫ/ adj
logiczny
in agreement with the principles of logic
of or pertaining to logic
logiczny rozsądny
reasonable

logically adv
logicznie
in a logical manner

logicism n
logicyzm

login /ˈlɒɡ.ɪn/ n
login nazwa użytkownika
user's identification
logowanie
logging in

logion /-ɒn/ /ˈloʊ.d͡ʒi.ən/ /ˈlɒ-/ /ˈləʊ.ɡɪ.ən/ n
logion
a saying that is attributed to Jesus but which is not in the Bible

logistical adj
logistyczny
relating to logistics

logistically adv
logistycznie
regarding or using logistics

logistician n
logistyk
person involved with logistics

logistics /ləˈd͡ʒɪstɪks/ n
logistyka
military procurement, supply, maintenance, and transportation
planning and implementing the flow of goods and services

logo /ˈloʊ.ɡoʊ/ /ˈləʊ.ɡəʊ/ n
logo
visual symbol or emblem that acts as a trademark or a means of identification of an entity

logo- prefix
logo-

logomachy /loʊˈɡɑ.mə.ki/ /ləʊˈɡɒ.mə.kɪ/ n
logomachia logomachie
dispute over the meaning of words

logopedics n
logopedia
study and correction of speech defects

logopedist n
logopeda
logopedist

logorrhea /ˌlɒ.ɡəˈɹɪ.ə/ /ˌlɔ.ɡəˈɹi.ə/ [-ɹiː-] [-ˈɹiː-] [ˌlɒ-] n
logorea słowotok
excessive talkativeness
słowotok
excessive and often uncontrollable speaking due to a mental disorder

logotype n
logotyp
symbol used by organization, logo

loin /lɔɪn/ n
lędźwie
part of the body
polędwica
cut of meat

loincloth n
przepaska przepaska biodrowa
garment

loiter /ˈlɔɪtə(ɹ)/ /ˈlɔɪtɚ/ [ˈlɔɪɾɚ] v
kręcić się szlajać się szwendać się wałęsać się włóczyć się łazęgować
to stand about without any aim or purpose

lolcat /ˈlɑl.kæt/ n
śmieszne koty
image macro of a kitten or cat with a humurous caption

lolicon n
lolikon
an individual fixated on young, generally prepubescent, girls

lollapalooza /ˌlɑləpəˈluzə/ /ˌlɒləpəˈluːzə/ n
odjazd rewelacja
outstanding; extreme; outrageous example of its kind

lollipop /ˈlɑ.li.pɑp/ /ˈlɒl.i.pɒp/ n
lizak
confectionery on a stick

lollygag /ˈlɒlɪɡæɡ/ v
bałamucić zbałamucić
dawdle; to avoid work

lone wolf n
samotny wilk
criminal who acts alone
person who avoids the company of others
wolf that is not part of a pack

loneliness /ˈloʊnlinəs/ n
samotność
condition of being lonely

lonely /ˈloʊn.li/ /ˈləʊn.li/ adj
samotny
of person: unhappy by feeling isolated

loner /ˈloʊnɚ/ n
samotnik
one who lacks or avoids company

lonesome /ˈloʊnsəm/ /ˈləʊnsəm/ adj
samotny
unhappy due to being alone

long /lɑŋ/ /lɒŋ/ /lɔŋ/ /lɔːŋ/ /lʊŋɡ/ adj
długi
having much distance from one point to another
having great duration

long /lɑŋ/ /lɒŋ/ /lɔŋ/ /lɔːŋ/ /lʊŋɡ/ adv
długo
for a particular duration

long /lɑŋ/ /lɒŋ/ /lɔŋ/ /lɔːŋ/ /lʊŋɡ/ v
pragnąć tęsknić wzdychać do
to wait, to aspire

long COVID /ˌlɒŋ ˈkəʊvɪd/ /ˌlɔŋ ˈkoʊvɪd/ n
długi COVID
long-term sequelae or symptoms following a COVID-19 infection

long absent, soon forgotten proverb
długo nieobecny, szybko zapomniany
love fades away when people are distant

long ago adv
dawno dawno temu
at a time in the distant past

long arm of the law n
wymiar sprawiedliwości
influence or effectiveness of law enforcement

long in the tooth adj
stary
old, aged

long johns n
kalesony
full-length undergarments
garment for bottom half of the body

long jump n
skok w dal
athletics field event

long jump v
skakać w dal skoczyć w dal
to perform long jump

long jumper n
skoczek w dal skoczkini w dal
athlete

long live v
niech żyje
prosper

long pepper n
pieprz długi
Piper longum, or its fruit

long s n
długie s
the character ſ

long time no see interjection
kopę lat dawno się nie widzieliśmy
idiomatic: I (or we) have not seen you for a long time

long ways, long lies /ˈlɒŋ ˌweɪz ˈlɒŋ ˌlaɪz/ proverb
osoba z dalekiego miejsca może kłamać bezpiecznie
someone who comes back from a far-off region can tell lies without fear of being contradicted

long weekend n
długi weekend
weekend extended by one or more days off

long-awaited adj
długo oczekiwany
having been awaited for a long time

long-billed dowitcher n
szlamiec dlugodzioby
Limnodromus scolopaceus

long-distance adj
dalekobieżny długodystansowy
over a great length
międzymiastowy
referring to non-local phone call

long-distance relationship n
związek na odległość
romantic relationship between two people who live far apart

long-eared bat n
gacek nocolubek
a vesper bat

long-eared owl /ˌlɒŋɪədˈaʊl/ n
sowa szara uszatka uszatka zwyczajna
Asio otus

long-haired adj
długowłosy
Having long, uncut hair on the head

long-legged adj
długonogi szczudłonogi
having long legs

long-lived /ˈlɒŋˈlaɪvd/ /ˈlɒŋˈlɪvd/ adj
długowieczna długowieczny
having a long lifespan; surviving for a long period of time

long-tailed duck n
lodówka
Clangula hyemalis

long-tailed shrike n
dzierzba zmienna
Lanius schach

long-tailed tit n
raniuszek
bird

long-term adj
długoterminowy
extending over a relatively long time period
becoming evident after a relatively long time period

long-term memory n
pamięć długotrwała

long-termism n
długoterminowość
concentration on long-term goals

long-toed stint n
biegus smuklonogi
Calidris subminuta

long-tongued adj
bajczarski plotkarski
prone to revealing secrets
talkative

long-winded /ˈlɔŋˌwɪndəd/ adj
przegadany
tediously long in speaking; consuming much time; unnecessarily verbose

longboard v
longboard
large skateboard

longe /lʌnd͡ʒ/ n
lonża
long rope used while longeing

longevity /lɑŋˈd͡ʒɛv.ə.ti/ /lɒnˈd͡ʒɛv.ɪ.ti/ /lɒŋˈd͡ʒɛv.ɪ.ti/ /lɔŋˈd͡ʒev.ə.ti/ [lɑŋˈd͡ʒɛv.ə.ɾi] [lɔŋˈd͡ʒev.ə.ɾi] n
długowieczność
the quality of being long-lasting, especially of life

longevous /lɑnˈd͡ʒiː.vəs/ /lɔnˈd͡ʒiː.vəs/ adj
długowieczna długowieczne długowieczni długowieczny
[[long-lasting|Long-lasting]]

longing /ˈlɒŋɪŋ/ /ˈlɔːŋɪŋ/ n
tęsknota pragnienie
melancholic desire

longitude /-tʃuːd/ /ˈlɑnd͡ʒəˌtud/ /ˈlɒnd͡ʒɪtjuːd/ /ˈlɒnɡɪtjuːd/ n
długość geograficzna długość
angular distance
południk
imaginary line through North Pole and South Pole

longshoreman n
doker
man employed to load and unload ships

longspine snipefish n
bekaśnik
Macroramphosus scolopax

longspur n
poświerka
a bird of the genus Calcarius

longue durée n
długie trwanie
historiographical term, "long lines of history"

loofah /ˈluːfə/ n
trukwa
tropical vine

look /luːk/ /luːx/ /lʊk/ n
pogląd
action of looking
wygląd
physical appearance

look /luːk/ /luːx/ /lʊk/ v
patrzeć popatrzeć
to try to see
wyglądać
to appear, to seem

look after v
opiekować się
to watch, to protect

look around v
rozejrzeć rozglądać
to inspect a building or area

look at v
rzucić okiem spoglądać spojrzeć
to study visually
spoglądać spojrzeć
to consider
to observe or watch

look back v
obejrzeć się za siebie oglądać się za siebie
look behind oneself
wspominać wspomnieć
reminisce about the past

look before one leaps v
pomyśleć, zanim zadziałać
think before taking action

look daggers /ˌlʊk ˈdæɡəz/ /ˌlʊk ˈdæɡɚz/ v
utkwić wzrok bazyliszka
to stare in a disapproving, severe, or threatening manner

look down on v
patrzeć z góry
to regard or treat as inferior

look for v
szukać patrzeć za wypatrywać
search; seek

look forward to v
nie móc się doczekać
anticipate, expect, or wait for

look on the bright side v
myśleć pozytywnie

look one's age v
wyglądać na swój wiek

look out v
uważać
to be vigilant and aware
wyglądać wyjrzeć
to look from within to the outside

look over one's shoulder v
baczyć
check obsessively out of fear

look the other way v
odwracać wzrok odwrócić wzrok patrzeć przez palce
to ignore something wrong

look the part v
odpowiednio wyglądać
appear suitable for a particular kind of work

look up to v
podziwiać
To show respect for

look who's talking phraseologicalUnit
i kto tu mówi

lookalike /ˈlʊkəlaɪk/ n
sobowtór
person physically resembling another person

looker /ˈlʊk.ə/ /ˈlʊk.ɚ/ n
patrzący
one that looks actively

looks /lʊks/ n
wygląd
appearance

loom /lum/ /luːm/ n
krosno
weaving frame

loon /ˈluːn/ n
nur
bird of order Gaviiformes

loop /luːp/ n
pętla
shape produced by a curve that bends around and crosses itself
programmed sequence of instructions
length of thread, line or rope

loop /luːp/ v
zapętlać zapętlić
to create an endless loop in a computer program

loophole /ˈluphoʊl/ /ˈluːphəʊl/ n
luka furtka kruczek
method of escape

loose /luːs/ adj
luzem
not packaged
luźny
not fixed tightly
not fitting tightly
sypki
not compact

loose /luːs/ v
puszczać puścić
to let go

loose change n
drobne bilon
coins kept in one's pocket or bag
grosze
small sum of money

loose lips sink ships proverb
nieostrożne gadanie zatapia statki
saying too much or releasing confidential information can have dangerous consequences

loose-leaf adj
sypany
of a plant or a tea consisting of loose leaves

loosehead n
lewy filar
rugby player

loosely /ˈluːsli/ adv
luźno
not tightly

loosestrife n
krwawnica
Lythrum
tojeść
Lysimachia

loot /luːt/ /ɫʉːt/ v
szabrować
to plunder

loot box n
skrzynka
a consumable virtual item that gives a player a random selection of in-game items

looter /ˈlutɚ/ n
szabrownik
one who loots

looting n
grabież rabunek łupiestwo
act of looting

lop-eared adj
kłapouchy
having saggy ears

lopsided /ˈlɑp.saɪ.dɪd/ /ˈlɒp.saɪ.dəd/ adj
asymetryczny koślawy krzywy nierówny przekrzywiony
not balanced
nieobiektywny stronniczy
biased

loquacious /loʊˈkweɪʃəs/ /ləʊˈkweɪʃəs/ adj
gadatliwy
talkative, chatty

lord /lɔɹd/ /lɔːd/ n
gospodarz
master of a household
lord
aristocrat
titled nobleman
pan
ruler, one having mastery over others
właściciel
property owner

lord it over v
panoszyć rozpanoszyć
to behave as if one is in control of; to make a display of having an advantage over or superiority to

lordling /ˈlɔɹdlɪŋ/ /ˈlɔːdlɪŋ/ n
panicz
an unimportant or petty lord

lordosis n
lordoza
excessive backwards curvature of the spine

lordship /ˈlɔɹd.ʃɪp/ /ˈlɔːd.ʃɪp/ n
pan
title

lorgnette /lɒɹnjɛt/ n
lorgnon lornion
opera glass with a handle

losability n
zdolność do przegrywania zdolność do stracenia zdolność do zgubienia

losable adj
zdolny do przegrywania zdolny do stracenia zdolny do zgubienia

lose /luːz/ v
gubić tracić stracić zgubić
cause (something) to cease to be in one's possession or capability
przegrywać przegrać
(transitive) fail to win
fail to be the winner
tracić stracić
have (somebody of one's kin) die
zgubić zapodziać
be unable to follow or trace (somebody or something) any longer

lose count v
stracić rachubę tracić rachubę
to forget the number of times that something has happened

lose face v
stracić twarz
lose respect of others

lose ground v
stracić przewagę tracić przewagę

lose one's cool /ˈluːz wʌnz ˈkuːl/ v
wściec się wściekać się
to lose one's temper

lose one's head /luːz wʌnz hɛd/ v
stracić głowę tracić głowę
behave irrationally or lose self-control

lose one's life v
tracić życie utracić życie
to die

lose one's mind /luːz wʌnz maɪnd/ v
oszaleć postradać rozum postradać zmysły stracić rozum tracić rozum
to become insane

lose one's virginity v
stracić dziewictwo tracić dziewictwo
to stop being a virgin after the first sexual intercourse

lose patience v
stracić cierpliwość tracić cierpliwość
to become impatient

lose the thread v
gubić wątek zgubić wątek

lose weight v
chudnąć tracić na wadze zeszczupleć zrzucić zrzucić kilogramy
to become less heavy or obese

loser /luzɚ/ /luːzə(ɹ)/ n
badziewie bubel kiepścizna
something of poor quality
nieudacznik nieudacznica przegryw
person who is frequently unsuccessful in life
przegrany przegrana
person who fails to win
straciciel zgubca zgubiciel
one who loses something

loss /lɑs/ /lɒs/ /lɔs/ n
porażka przegrana
defeat
strata
financial: the sum lost on balance
the death of a person or animal
strata utrata
grief caused by losing someone or something
the result of no longer possessing something
straty
engineering: power expended without doing useful work

loss-making adj
deficytowy
making financial losses

lossless /ˈlɒs.ləs/ adj
bezstratny
not losing information

lossy /ˈlɑsi/ /ˈlɒsi/ /ˈlɔsi/ adj
stratny
reducing the amount of information in data
subject to loss of signal strength
subject to various forms of power loss

lost /lɑst/ /lɒst/ /lɔst/ /lɔːst/ adj
stracony
parted with; no longer held or possessed
zagubiony
in an unknown location
unable to find one's way

lost and found n
biuro rzeczy znalezionych
department, service or location where items that are found can be claimed by their owners

lost cause n
przegrana sprawa
person or thing that is hopeless or futile

lost sheep n
zbłąkana owieczka
disadvantaged or marginalized person

lost soul n
osoba zagubiona
a person lacking direction or motivation in life

lost with all hands adj
taki, który utonął ze wszystkimi na pokładzie
destroyed or sunk, while all passengers and crew died

lostness n
zagubienie
quality of being lost

lot /lɑt/ /lɒt/ /lɔt/ n
los
anything used in determining a question by chance
przeznaczenie
that which happens without human design or forethought
łut
old unit of weight

lotion /ˈloʊʃən/ /ˈləʊʃən/ n
lotion mleczko kosmetyczne
ointment that one rubs on the skin

lottery /ˈlɑtɚi/ /ˈlɒtəɹi/ /ˈlɒtɹi/ n
loteria
scheme for the distribution of prizes by lot or chance
something decided by chance

lottery ticket n
los
slip of paper drawn in a lottery

lotus /ˈloʊtəs/ /ˈləʊtəs/ n
lotos
plant of the genus Nelumbo

lotus-eater n
Lotofag
one of the Lotophagi

loud /laʊd/ adj
głośny
of a sound
głośny donośny hałaśliwy
noisy
krzykliwy
of a colour, clothing, etc.

loud and clear adv
głośno i wyraźnie
in a clear and easily understandable manner

loudly /ˈlaʊdli/ adv
głośno
in a loud manner

loudness n
głośność
perceptual strength or amplitude of sound pressure
the physical strength of the sound pressure level

loudspeaker /laʊdˈspiːkə/ /ˈlaʊdspiːkɚ/ n
głośnik
transducer

louis d'or /ˌlui ˈdɔɹ/ /ˌluiz ˈdɔɹ/ /ˌluːɪ ˈdɔː/ /ˌluːɪz ˈdɔː/ n
ludwik luidor
any gold coin introduced in France by Louis XIII

loupe /luːp/ n
lupa
magnifying glass often used by jewellers and watchmakers

louse /laʊs/ n
gnida menda
worthless person
wesz
an insect of the order Psocodea

louse /laʊs/ v
iskać
To remove lice

lousewort n
gnidosz
plant of the genus Pedicularis

lousy /ˈlaʊ.zi/ adj
zawszony
Infested with lice

lovage /ˈlʌvəd͡ʒ/ /ˈlʌvɪd͡ʒ/ n
lubczyk lubczyk ogrodowy
a Mediterranean herb

love /lʊv/ /lʌv/ [lɘv] [lɘʋ] [lʌv] [ɫäv~ɫɐv] [ɫʌv] n
całusy
closing of a letter
miłość
strong affection
miłość kochanie
object of one's romantic feelings; darling or sweetheart
jajo zero
zero

love /lʊv/ /lʌv/ [lɘv] [lɘʋ] [lʌv] [ɫäv~ɫɐv] [ɫʌv] v
kochać
care about; will good for
(euphemistic): to have sex with
kochać miłować
have a strong affection for
uwielbiać kochać
be strongly inclined towards doing

love affair n
romans
adulterous relationship

love at first sight n
miłość od pierwszego wejrzenia
an instantaneous attraction

love bite n
malinka
swelling on the skin

love conquers all /lʌv ˈkɑŋkɚz ɔːl/ /lʌv ˈkɒŋkəz ɔːl/ proverb
miłość wszystko zwycięża
love is a powerful force

love grass n
miłka
grass of the genus Eragrostis

love handle n
boczki oponka
protruding area of fat on the side of the body

love is blind proverb
miłość jest ślepa
proverb

love letter n
list miłosny
letter about the author's love

love triangle /ˈlʌv ˌtɹaɪ.æŋɡəl/ n
trójkąt miłosny
situation in which two people vie for the love of a third

love-hatred n
miłość-nienawiść

love-in-a-mist n
czarnuszka damasceńska
Nigella damascena

lovebird n
nierozłączka
parrot of the genus Agapornis

loved one n
bliski
very close friend or family member

lovely /ˈlʌv.li/ adj
mili miła miłe miły
very nice, wonderful

lover /ˈlʌvə/ /ˈlʌvɚ/ n
amator amatorka miłośniczka miłośnik
person who loves something
kochanek amant amantka kochanica kochanka
sexual partner
ukochana ukochany
one who loves another person

loving /ˈlʌvɪŋ/ adj
kochająca kochające kochający
expressing a large amount of love

low /ˈloʊ/ /ˈləʊ/ adj
niski
in a position comparatively close to the ground
small in height
not high in amount or quantity
of pitch
quiet; soft; not loud

low blow n
cios poniżej pasa
an unfair attack
an unfair or illegal blow in boxing

low tide n
odpływ
the tide at its lowest level

low-budget adj
niskobudżetowy
Achieved with a relatively small financial outlay

low-calorie adj
małokaloryczny niskokaloryczny
of a diet
of food or drink

low-fat adj
niskotłuszczowy
not having a high number of calories from fat

low-income adj
o niskich dochodach

low-quality adj
niskiej jakości

low-speed adj
wolnobieżny
slower than normal speed

lower /ˈloʊ.ɚ/ /ˈləʊ.ə/ adj
dolny
more towards the bottom

lower /ˈloʊ.ɚ/ /ˈləʊ.ə/ v
opuszczać opuścić
let (something) descend by its own weight, such as a bucket or sail

lower class n
klasa niższa
class of people

lower deck n
dolny pokład
deck of a ship immediately above the hold

lower house n
izba niższa
part of a legislature

lower limit n
dolna granica
the lower limit of a sequence of real numbers

lower lip n
dolna warga

lower the bar v
obniżać poprzeczkę obniżyć poprzeczkę
to lower standards

lowest common denominator n
najniższy wspólny mianownik
smallest multiple of several denominators

lowland n
nizina
area which is lower than surroundings

lowlife /ˈloʊlaɪf/ /ˈləʊlaɪf/ n
szumowina zwyrodnialec
untrustworthy, despicable, or disreputable person

loyal /ˈlɔɪəl/ adj
lojalny oddany
firm in allegiance to a person or institution

loyalist /ˈlɔɪəlɪst/ n
lojalista lojalistka
a person who is loyal to a cause

loyally adv
lojalnie
in a loyal manner

loyalty /ˈlɔɪəlti/ n
lojalność
faithfulness or devotion to some person, cause or nation
wierność lojalność
the state of being loyal; fidelity

loyalty card n
karta stałego klienta
card

lozenge /ˈlɑ.zɪnd͡ʒ/ /ˈlɒz.ɪnd͡ʒ/ /ˈlɔz.ɪnd͡ʒ/ n
romb
rhombus

lubeless adj
bezsmarowy
not requiring lubricant

lubricant /ˈljuːbɹɪkənt/ /ˈlubɹəkənt/ /ˈluːbɹɪkənt/ n
smar
substance used to reduce friction

lucid /ˈl(j)uːsɪd/ adj
jasny klarowny przejrzysty
clear; easily understood

lucid dream n
świadomy sen
lucid dream

luck /lʊk/ /lʌk/ [lɐk] n
sukces
success
szczęście
something that happens to someone by chance

luckily /ˈlʌkəli/ /ˈlʌkɪli/ adv
na szczęście całe szczęście szczęśliwie
in a lucky manner

lucky /ˈlʌki/ adj
szczęśliwy
of people, having good fortune
being good by chance

lucky charm n
amulet talizman
object kept for good luck

lucky dog n
farciarz szczęściarz
one with good luck

lucky star n
coś, co przynosić szczęście
something that appears to give a person luck

lucrative adj
lukratywny intratny zyskowny dochodowy
producing a surplus; profitable

ludicrous /ˈljuː.dɪ.kɹəs/ /ˈluː.dɪ.kɹəs/ adj
absurdalny niedorzeczny bezsensowny groteskowy idiotyczny
idiotic or unthinkable, often to the point of being funny

ludicrously adv
bezsensownie

lug /lʌɡ/ v
zataskać zataszczyć
to haul something heavy

luge /luʒ/ /luː(d)ʒ/ n
saneczkarstwo
sport of racing on luges
saneczki saneczkarstwo
racing sled for one or two people that is ridden with the rider or riders lying on their back

luge /luʒ/ /luː(d)ʒ/ v
saneczkować
to ride a luge; to participate in the sport of luge

luger /ˈluːʒ.ə(ɹ)/ n
saneczkarz saneczkarka
competer in the luge

luggage /ˈlʌɡɪd͡ʒ/ n
bagaż
traveller's containers

lukewarm /ˈluk.wɔɹm/ /ˌlukˈwɔɹm/ /ˌluːkˈwɔːm/ adj
chłodny sceptyczny zdystansowany
not very enthusiastic
letni
temperature

lukewarmly adv
letnio
in a lukewarm manner

lull /lʌl/ v
lulać
to cause to rest

lullaby /ˈlʌləbaɪ/ n
kołysanka
a soothing song to lull children to sleep

lumbago /lʌmˈbeɪɡəʊ/ /ˌləm-/ /ˌlʌmˈbeɪˌɡoʊ/ n
lumbago heksenszus postrzał
backache of the lumbar region

lumbar puncture n
nakłucie lędźwiowe
procedure to collect cerebrospinal fluid

lumberjack /ˈlʌm.bə.d͡ʒæk/ /ˈlʌm.bɚ.d͡ʒæk/ n
drwal
person who fells trees

lumberroom n
graciarnia rupieciarnia
A room in which lumber is stored

lumen /ˈlumən/ /ˈluːmən/ n
lumen
SI-unit for luminous flux

luminescence /ˌluː.məˈnɛs.əns/ n
luminescencja
emission

lump in one's throat n
ścisk w gardle
on the point of crying

lump sum n
ryczałt
large one-time payment

lumpenproletariat /lʊm.pən.pɹəʊ.lə.ˈtɛː.ɹi.ət/ n
lumpenproletariat
in Marxism: the lowest stratum of the proletariat

lumpsucker n
tasza
scorpaeniform fish

lunacy /ˈljuː.nə.si/ /ˈluː.nə.si/ n
niepoczytalność obłęd
state of being mad

lunar /ˈl(j)uːnə/ /ˈlunɚ/ adj
księżycowy lunarny miesięczny
of, pertaining to, or resembling the Moon

lunar calendar n
kalendarz księżycowy
a calendar that measures the passage of the year according to the phases of the moon

lunar eclipse n
zaćmienie Księżyca
when the Earth casts its shadow over the Moon

lunatic /ˈluːnətɪk/ n
szaleniec wariat
insane person

lunation /luːˈneɪʃən/ n
lunacja
a month measured from a lunar phase until the return of that same phase
the name of term given the irregular period from one new moon until the next

lunch /lʌnt͡ʃ/ /lʌnʃ/ [lʌ̃nt͡ʃ] n
obiad lunch
meal around midday

lunch /lʌnt͡ʃ/ /lʌnʃ/ [lʌ̃nt͡ʃ] v
jeść obiad
to eat lunch

lunette /ljuːˈnɛt/ /luːˈnɛt/ n
luneta
crescent-shaped recess or void in the space above a window or door

lung /ˈlʌŋ/ n
płuco płuca
organ that extracts oxygen from the air

lung cancer n
rak płuca
cancer of the lung(s)

lunge /lʌnd͡ʒ/ n
rzut sztych
sudden movement
wykrok
exercise

lunge /lʌnd͡ʒ/ v
rzucić się
to make a sudden movement

lungeing cavesson n
kawecan
halter

lungfish n
ryba dwudyszna
air-breathing fish of the class Dipnoi

lungo n
café lungo lungo

lunokhod n
Łunochod łunochod
a Soviet lunar rover

lunula n
obłączek
pale area at the base of the fingernail

lupin /ˈluːpɪn/ n
łubin
any member of the genus Lupinus in the family Fabaceae

lupine /ˈluː.paɪn/ adj
wilczy
wolf-like

lupus /ˈluːpəs/ n
toczeń
autoimmune disease

lure /l(j)ʊə/ /lɔɹ/ /lɔː(ɹ)/ /lɜː/ /lɝ/ /lʊəɹ/ n
błysk błystka błyszcz błyszczka błyszczyk wabik
artificial fishing bait
mamidło pokusa ponęta
tempting or attractive object

lure /l(j)ʊə/ /lɔɹ/ /lɔː(ɹ)/ /lɜː/ /lɝ/ /lʊəɹ/ v
wabić mamić nęcić
to entice

lurk /lɜːk/ /lɝk/ v
lurkować
to view an internet forum without posting comments

luscious /ˈlʌʃəs/ adj
kuszący
sexually appealing
obsceniczny
obscene
przyjemny smaczny słodki
sweet and pleasant

luser /ˈluː.zə(ɹ)/ n
użyszkodnik
incompetent computer user

lust /lʌst/ n
pasja rozkosz
delightful cause of joy, pleasure
pożądanie żądza chuć
strong desire, especially of a sexual nature
pragnienie
general want or longing

luster /ˈlʌstɚ/ n
połysk
a shine, polish or sparkle
splendor
brilliance, attractiveness or splendor

lustration /lʌsˈtɹeɪʃən/ n
lustracja
restoration of credibility to a government by the purging earlier perpetrators
oczyszczenie
a rite of purification, especially washing

lute /l(j)uːt/ /luːt/ n
lutnia
stringed instrument

lutetium /ljuːˈtiːʃiəm/ n
lutet
chemical element with atomic number of 71

luthier /ˈljuː.ti.ə/ /ˈluː.ti.ə/ /ˈluː.ti.ɚ/ /ˈluː.θi.ɚ/ n
lutnik
a person who, or a business which, makes or repairs stringed wooden musical instrument

lux /lʌks/ n
luks
the derived unit of illuminance

luxurious /lʌkˈsjʊə.ɹɪəs/ /lʌkˈʃʊɹ.i.əs/ /lʌɡˈzjʊə.ɹɪəs/ /lʌɡˈʒʊə.ɹɪəs/ /lʌɡˈʒʊɹ.i.əs/ adj
luksusowy
very fine and comfortable

luxury /ˈlʌk.ʃə.ɹi/ /ˈlʌkʃəɹi/ /ˈlʌɡʒəɹi/ adj
luksusowy
indulgent

luxury /ˈlʌk.ʃə.ɹi/ /ˈlʌkʃəɹi/ /ˈlʌɡʒəɹi/ n
luksus
something desirable but expensive
very wealthy and comfortable surroundings
something pleasant but not necessary in life

lycanthropy /laɪˈkanθɹəpi/ n
likantropia
act of shapeshifting

lyceum /laɪˈsiːəm/ n
liceum
a public hall designed for lectures or concerts

lychee /laɪ̯ˈt͡ʃiː/ /ˈlaɪ̯t͡ʃi/ /ˈlit͡ʃi/ n
liczi
fruit
tree

lycée n
liceum
a public secondary school in France

lye /laɪ/ n
ług
caustic alkaline solution

lyingly adv
kłamliwie

lymph /lɪmf/ n
chłonka limfa
fluid carried by the lymphatic system

lymphatic adj
limfatyczny
pertaining to lymph or lymphatic system

lymphoma /lɪmˈfoʊ.mə/ n
chłoniaki chłoniak
malignant tumor that arises in the lymph nodes or in other lymphoid tissue

lynch /lɪnt͡ʃ/ v
linczować zlinczować
execute without a proper legal trial

lynx /lɪŋks/ n
ryś
wild cat

lyre /laɪɹ/ /ˈlaɪ.ə/ /ˈlaɪ.ɚ/ n
lira
stringed musical instrument

lyrebird n
lirogon
Australian songbirds of the genus Menura

lyric /ˈlɪɹ.ɪk/ n
liryk
lyric poem

lyric poetry n
liryka
lyric poetry

lyrical I n
liryczne ja
the narrator within a poem

lyrics /ˈlɪɹ.ɪks/ n
słowa tekst tekst piosenki
the words to a song

lysine n
lizyna
essential amino acid, C₆H14N₂O₂

lysosome /ˈlaɪsəˌsoʊm/ n
lizosom
digestive organelle

m /m/ /ɛm/ v
metr

ma /mɑː/ n
mama
colloquial form of mother

maar /mɑː/ /mɑːɹ/ n
maar

macabre /məˈkɑb/ /ˌməˈkɑ.bɚ/ /ˌməˈkɑ.bɹə/ /ˌməˈkɑː.bə(ɹ)/ /ˌməˈkɑː.bɹə/ adj
makabryczny
ghastly, shocking, terrifying
representing or personifying death

macadam /məˈkædəm/ n
makadam
surface of a road

macadamia /mækəˈdeɪmi.ə/ /mækəˈdeɪmjə/ n
makadamia
tree

macadamia nut n
makadamia orzech makadamia
edible seed of the macadamia tree

macadamization /məˌkædəmɪˈzeɪʃən/ n
makadamizacja

macaque /məˈkæk/ /məˈkɑk/ /məˈkɑːk/ n
makak
any monkey of the genus Macaca

macaroni /mɑk.əˈɹəʊ.ni/ /ˌmækəˈɹoʊni/ n
rurki
type of pasta

macaronism n
makaronizm
macaronic language

macaroon /ˌmæk.əɹˈuːn/ /ˌmæk.əˈɹun/ n
makaronik
soft biscuit or cookie prepared with almond or coconut dough

macaw /məˈkɑ/ /məˈkɔ/ /məˈkɔː/ n
ara
various parrots

macchia /ˈmæk.ɪa/ n
makchia makia
shrubland biota

macchiato /ˌmækiˈɑːtəʊ/ /ˌmɑkiˈɑtoʊ/ n
macchiato
type of coffee

mace /meɪs/ n
buzdygan maczuga buława
weapon
buława
ceremonial form of this weapon

macerate /ˈmæs.ə.ɹeɪt/ /ˈmæs.ə.ɹɪt/ v
macerować
to soften or separate by immersion in a liquid
umartwiać się
to subdue the appetite by a poor diet

machaca n
latarnik surynamski

machete /məˈt͡ʃɛ.ti/ /məˈʃɛ.ti/ n
maczeta
a sword-like tool

machicolation /məˌtʃɪkəˈleɪʃ(ə)n/ /məˌt͡ʃɪkəˈleɪʃən/ n
machikuły
opening between corbels that support a projecting parapet, or in the floor of a gallery or the roof of a portal, of a fortified building

machination /ˌmækɪˈneɪʃən/ /ˌmæʃɪˈneɪʃən/ n
machinacja
clever scheme or artful plot, usually crafted for evil purposes

machine /məˈʃin/ /məˈʃiːn/ n
maszyna
a person who is very proficient
maszyna urządzenie ustrojstwo
mechanical or electrical device

machine gun n
karabin maszynowy kaem kulomiot
type of firearm

machine language n
język maszynowy kod maszynowy
set of instructions for a computer

machine learning n
uczenie maszynowe
field of study

machine operator n
maszynista maszynistka
person who operates machinery

machine room n
maszynownia
a room dedicated to HVAC equipment and other machinery

machine tool /məˈʃiːn ˈtuːl/ n
obrabiarka
tool used for machining

machine translation n
tłumaczenie maszynowe
act of translating something by means of a machine

machine-gunner n
kaemista
someone who uses a machine gun

machinery /məˈʃiːnəɹi/ n
maszyneria
machines constituting a production apparatus

machismo /mɑːˈt͡ʃiz.moʊ/ /məˈkɪz.məʊ/ /məˈt͡ʃiz.moʊ/ n
machismo
exaggerated masculinity

macho /ˈmæt͡ʃ.əʊ/ /ˈmɑː.t͡ʃoʊ/ n
macho

mackerel /ˈmæk(ə)ɹəl/ n
makrela
edible fish

macramé /məˈkɹɑːmeɪ/ /məˈkɹɑːmi/ /ˈmækɹəˌmeɪ/ n
makrama
textile

macro- /ˈmæk.ɹoʊ/ /ˈmæk.ɹəʊ/ prefix
makro-
large
long

macroanalysis n
makroanaliza
analysis in which the size of the sample is of the order of grams

macrocephaly n
makrocefalia
a condition in which the head is abnormally large

macroeconomic /ˌmækɹoʊˌɛkəˈnɑːmɪk/ /ˌmækɹəʊˌiːkəˈnɒmɪk/ adj
makroekonomiczny
relating to macroeconomics

macroeconomics /ˌmæk.ɹoʊˌiː.kəˈnɒ.mɪks/ /ˌmæk.ɹoʊˌɛ.kəˈnɒ.mɪks/ n
makroekonomia
study of the entire economy

macroflora n
makroflora
any plants that can be seen with the naked eye

macron /ˈmeɪkɹɑn/ /ˈmeɪkɹɒn/ /ˈmækɹɑn/ /ˈmækɹɒn/ n
makron
short, straight, horizontal diacritical mark

macrophanerophyte n
makrofanerofit
any phanerophyte between about 30 and 50 metres in height

macrophotography n
makrofotografia
close-up photography

macroscopic adj
makroskopowy
visible to the unassisted eye

mad /ˈmæd/ /ˈmæːd/ adj
szalony
insane (adj.)

mad cow disease n
choroba szalonych krów
informal: bovine spongiform encephalopathy

mad scientist n
szalony naukowiec
stock character in popular fiction

madam /məˈdam/ /məˈdæm/ /ˈmeɪd.əm/ /ˈmæd.əm/ n
burdelmama bajzelmama
woman who manages a brothel
królewna
conceited girl
pani
polite term of address to a woman

madder /ˈmædə(ɹ)/ /ˈmædɚ/ [ˈmadə(ɹ)] [ˈmæɾɚ] n
marzana
plant

made for each other adj
stworzony dla siebie
well suited to be in a relationship with one another

made in China adj
wyprodukowano w Chinach
manufactured in the PRC

madeleine /ˈmad(ə)lɛn/ /ˈmad(ə)lɪn/ /ˈmædələn/ /ˌmædəˈleɪn/ n
magdalenka
small gateau in the shape of a scallop shell

madhouse n
dom wariatów psychiatryk szpital psychiatryczny wariatkowo
insane asylum
dom wariatów wariatkowo
place resembling an insane asylum

madman n
szaleniec wariat czubek jebnięty obłąkaniec oszołom
an insane man

madness /ˈmad.nəs/ /ˈmæd.nəs/ /ˈmæd.nɪs/ /ˈmɛd.nɘs/ n
obłęd szaleństwo amok fioł kręciek niepoczytalność
insanity

madrasah /məˈdɹæsə/ n
madrasa medresa
school for Islamic theology

madrigal /ˈmæd͡ɹɪɡəl/ n
madrygał
either musical sense

madwoman n
nienormalna szajbuska wariatka
a woman who is insane

maelstrom /-stɹɒm/ /-ˌstɹəm/ /-ˌztɹɔm/ /-ˌztɹəm/ /ˈmeɪlˌstɹɔm/ /ˈmeɪlˌstɹəm/ /ˈmælˌstɹəm/ n
wir
large and violent whirlpool
zamieszanie zamęt
chaotic or turbulent situation

maenad /ˈmiː.næd/ n
menada
follower of Dionysus

maestro /ˈmaɪstɹoʊ/ n
maestro
master in some art

mafia /ˈmæfi.ə/ /ˈmɑfi.ə/ n
mafia
a crime syndicate

magazine /mæɡ.əˈziːn/ /ˈmæɡ.ə.ziːn/ n
czasopismo magazyn
periodical
magazynek
ammunition clip or chamber enabling multiple rounds to be held before firing
skład amunicji
ammunition storehouse

mage /meɪd͡ʒ/ n
czarodziej mag
magician, wizard or sorcerer

magenta /məˈd͡ʒɛntə/ adj
magenta
colour

maggot /ˈmæɡət/ n
larwa czerw robak mada
dipterous insect's larva that eats decomposing organic matter

maggoty /ˈmæɡəti/ adj
robaczywy
infested with and/or partially eaten by maggots

magic /ˈmad͡ʒɪk/ /ˈmæd͡ʒɪk/ adj
magiczny
having supernatural talents, properties or qualities

magic /ˈmad͡ʒɪk/ /ˈmæd͡ʒɪk/ n
magia czary
use of supernatural rituals, forces etc.

magic carpet n
latający dywan
carpet capable of magical flight

magic lantern n
latarnia projekcyjna
early light projector

magic mushroom n
grzyb halucynogenny
mushroom-like fungus that has psychedelic effects

magic realism n
realizm magiczny

magic trick n
magiczna sztuczka
act of illusion or magic

magic wand n
różdżka
wand used to perform magic

magical /ˈmæd͡ʒɪkəl/ adj
magiczny czarodziejski
relating to magic

magically /ˈmæd͡ʒɪkli/ adv
magicznie
in a magical manner

magician /məˈd͡ʒɪʃən/ n
czarodziej czarownik magik
practitioner of allegedly supernatural magic
mag
spiritualist or practitioner of mystic arts
magik
performer of tricks

magister /ˈmæd͡ʒɪstə(ɹ)/ n
magister
The possessor of a master's degree

maglev /ˈmæɡ.lɛv/ n
kolej magnetyczna
sort of train

magma /ˈmæɡ.mə/ n
magma
molten matter

magnanimity /ˌmæɡnəˈnɪmɪti/ n
wielkoduszność wspaniałomyślność
The quality of being magnanimous; greatness of mind; elevation or dignity of soul

magnanimous /mæɡˈnæn.ɪ.məs/ adj
wielkoduszny
noble and generous in spirit

magnate /ˈmæɡneɪt/ /ˈmæɡnət/ n
magnat magnatka
Powerful industrialist; captain of industry.

magnesite n
magnezyt
a form of magnesium carbonate, O₃, occurring as dolomite (with calcite) but rarely found in the pure state

magnesium /ˌmæɡˈnizi.əm/ /ˌmæɡˈniʒəm/ /ˌmæɡˈniːzi.əm/ n
magnez
chemical element

magnesium oxide n
tlenek magnezowy
white powder

magnet /ˈmæɡnət/ /ˈmæɡnɪt/ n
magnes
piece of material that attracts some metals by magnetism

magnet- /maɡˌniːt/ prefix
magneto-
magnet, magnetic, magnetism

magnetic /mæɡˈnɛtɪk/ adj
magnetyczny
of, relating to, caused by, or operating by magnetism

magnetic compass n
busola
instrument

magnetic declination n
deklinacja
angle between magnetic and geographic meridians

magnetic field n
pole magnetyczne
a field of magnetic force

magnetic pole n
biegun magnetyczny

magnetize v
magnesować magnetyzować
to make magnetic

magneto /maɡˈniːtəʊ/ n
iskrownik

magnetoencephalography n
magnetoencefalografia
technique

magnification /ˌmæɡnɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/ n
powiększanie
act of magnifying
powiększenie
apparent enlargement

magnify /ˈmaɡnɪfaɪ/ /ˈmæɡnɪfaɪ/ v
powiększać
to make larger

magnifying glass n
lupa szkło powiększające
instrument

magnitude /ˈmæɡnɪtjuːd/ n
długość norma wartość
of a vector
magnituda
energy of earthquake
wielkość
size, etc.
wielkość gwiazdowa
apparent brighness of a star

magnolia warbler n
lasówka magnoliowa
Dendroica magnolia

magnum opus /ˌmæɡnəm ˈoʊpəs/ /ˌmæɡnəm ˈəʊpəs/ n
magnum opus opus magnum
masterpiece
the greatest work of an author or artist

magpie /ˈmæɡˌpaɪ/ n
dzierzbowron
Australian bird, Gymnorhina tibicen
sroka
bird of genus Pica
Pica pica

magpie moth n
plamiec agreściak
Abraxas grossulariata

maharaja /ˌmɑ.hɑˈɹɑː.d͡ʒɑ/ /ˌmɑ.hɑˈɹɑː.d͡ʒə/ /ˌmɑ.həˈɹɑː.d͡ʒə/ n
maharadża
a Hindu prince ranking above a raja

mahjong /mɑˈd͡ʒɑŋ/ /mɑˈd͡ʒɔŋ/ /mɑˈʒɑŋ/ /mɑˈʒɔŋ/ /mɑːˈd͡ʒɒŋ/ /mɑːˈʒɒŋ/ n
madżong
game for four players

mahogany /məˈhɒɡəni/ n
mahoniowiec
tree
mahoń
wood

mahonia n
mahonia

mahout /məˈhaʊt/ /məˈhaːʋəθ/ /məˈhut/ /məˈhuːt/ n
kornak
elephant trainer, keeper, and driver

maid /meɪd/ n
dziewczyna dziewa panna
young female
służąca pokojówka
female servant or cleaner

maiden /ˈmeɪdən/ n
dziewica
female virgin
panna dziewczyna
unmarried young female

maiden flight n
dziewiczy lot
the first flight of an airplane

maiden name n
nazwisko panieńskie nazwisko rodowe
married person's original last name

maidenhair /ˈmeɪdənhɛəɹ/ /ˈmeɪdənhɛː/ n
niekropień złotowłos
fern

maidenhead n
błona dziewicza hymen
hymen
dziewictwo
virginity

maidenhood /ˈmeɪd(ə)nhʊd/ n
dziewictwo
condition of being maiden

mail /meɪl/ n
poczta
postal delivery system
organisation
kolczuga
armour consisting of metal rings or plates linked together

mail truck n
ambulans pocztowy
mail carrier

mailman /ˈmeɪl.mæn, ˈmeɪl.mən/ n
listonosz listonoszka listowy
post office employee

maim /meɪm/ v
okaleczać okaleczyć
to cause permanent loss of a part of the body

main /meɪn/ adj
główny
chief, most important, or principal in extent, etc.

main battle tank n
główny czołg bojowy
multipurpose tank

main clause n
zdanie nadrzędne zdanie główne
grammar: clause that can stand alone syntactically

main course n
danie główne drugie danie
main dish of a meal

main sequence n
ciąg główny
major grouping of stars

mainland China pn
Chiny kontynentalne
Communist China understood via its geographical position

mainly /ˈmeɪnli/ adv
głównie
chiefly; for the most part

mainmast /ˈmeɪn.mæst/ /ˈmeɪn.mɑːst/ n
grotmaszt
mainmast

mains /meɪnz/ n
sieć
domestic electrical supply

mainspring n
sprężyna napędowa
the principal spring of a clockwork mechanism

mainstream adj
mainstreamowy
used or accepted broadly; common, usual or conventional

mainstream n
mainstream
that which is common

maintenance /ˈmeɪnt(ə)nəns/ /ˈmeɪntɪnəns/ [ˈmẽɪ̃(n)ʔ(ə)nəns] n
konserwacja
keeping a machine or system in service
utrzymanie
money to provide for the means of living

maize /meɪz/ n
kukurydza kukurydza zwyczajna
corn; a type of grain of the species Zea mays

majestic /məˈd͡ʒɛstɪk/ adj
majestatyczny
having splendor or royalty

majestic plural n
pluralis majestatis
plural used by a sovereign

majesty /ˈmæd͡ʒ.əs.ti/ /ˈmæd͡ʒ.ɪs.tɪ/ n
majestat
the quality of being impressive and great

major /ˈmeɪ.d͡ʒə(ɹ)/ adj
dur
music: of a scale
durowy
music: containing the note which is a major third above the tonic
istotny poważny znaczny
greater in significance or importance
pełnoletni
of full legal age; having attained majority

major /ˈmeɪ.d͡ʒə(ɹ)/ n
kierunek rozszerzenie specjalizacja
principal subject or course
major
military rank
pełnoletni pełnoletnia
person of legal age

major /ˈmeɪ.d͡ʒə(ɹ)/ v
specjalizować

major arcana n
wielkie arkana
Tarot cards

major general n
generał major
a military officer

major piece n
ciężka figura
A queen or a rook

major third n
tercja wielka
interval of four semitones

majordomo /ˌmeɪ.d͡ʒəˈdəʊ.məʊ/ /ˌmeɪ.d͡ʒɚˈdoʊ.moʊ/ n
majordomus
head servant

majorette /ˌmeɪ.d͡ʒəˈɹɛt/ n
mażoretka
dancer

majority /məˈd͡ʒɑɹɪti/ /məˈd͡ʒɒɹɪti/ /məˈd͡ʒɔɹɪti/ n
większość
more than half
difference between the winning vote and the rest of the votes

make /meɪk/ [meɪkʲ] n
marka
brand

make /meɪk/ [meɪkʲ] v
czynić
to cause to be
konstruować robić
to construct
robić tworzyć stworzyć
to create
sprawiać
to cause to do
wytwarzać produkować wykonać wykonywać wyprodukować wyrabiać
to produce
zmuszać
to force to do

make a difference v
robić różnicę zrobić różnicę
be of importance
carry out an action the result of which is significant

make a fool of v
błaznować błaźnić się zbłaźnić się
to cause (someone) to seem foolish

make a killing v
zbijać kasę
to win or earn a large amount of money

make a living v
zarabiać na życie
earn enough income

make a mistake v
błądzić błędzić zabłądzić
to err

make a mountain out of a molehill v
robić z igły widły robić z muchy słonia
to treat a problem as greater than it is

make a name for oneself v
wyrabiać sobie renomę wyrabiać sobie reputację wyrobić sobie renomę wyrobić sobie reputację
to gain fame

make a point v
nie omieszkać
to take care in doing something

make a spectacle of oneself v
robić z siebie widowisko zrobić z siebie widowisko
To embarrass oneself or others in public

make an example of v
karać przykładowo ukarać przykładowo
punish someone as a warning to others

make an exhibition of oneself v
robić z siebie widowisko zrobić z siebie widowisko
to embarrass oneself in public

make common cause v
[[angażować|angażować (się)]] w sprawę [[zaangażować|zaangażować (się)]] w sprawę

make do v
obywać się obyć się radzić sobie
to get by (with)

make ends meet v
wiązać koniec z końcem
get by financially

make friends v
zaprzyjaźniać się zaprzyjaźnić się
to befriend, to become closer
to create friendships

make fun of v
wyśmiać wyśmiewać
tease, ridicule

make hay v
kosić trawę
to cut grass to turn into hay

make hay while the sun shines v
kuć żelazo, póki gorące
act while an opportunity exists

make head or tail of v
połapać się siedzieć jak na tureckim kazaniu
understand even minimally

make it v
zdążać zdążyć
to succeed in doing something, for example in reaching a place, or getting there on time

make light of v
bimbać
regard without due seriousness

make love v
kochać uprawiać miłość
to engage in sexual intercourse

make no odds v
być wszystko jedno

make one's bed and lie in it v
nawarzyć piwa
to create a difficult situation and endure unpleasant consequences

make one's mark v
wyciskać piętno wycisnąć piętno

make oneself at home v
czuć się jak u siebie w domu poczuć się jak u siebie w domu
make oneself comfortable as if one were in one's own home

make out /meɪk aʊt/ /meɪk æɔt/ /meɪk æʊt/ /meɪk ɘʉt/ /meɪk ʌʊt/ v
zrozumieć
to discern

make peace v
zawierać pokój zawrzeć pokój
to end hostilities

make sense v
kleić się trzymać się kupy
to be coherent

make someone's day v
upiększać komuś dzień upiększyć komuś dzień
make someone happy

make sure v
upewniać upewniać się upewnić upewnić się
to verify

make the bed v
słać łóżko ścielić łóżko
arrange sheets, etc smoothly and neatly

make up /ˌmeɪk ˈʌp/ v
pogodzić się
to make peace, to settle a dispute
wymyślić
to invent, to imagine, to concoct

make up one's mind v
decydować zdecydować
to decide, to reach a conclusion

make use v
posiłkować się
to use

make yourself at home phraseologicalUnit
czuj się jak u siebie w domu czujcie się jak u siebie w domu gość w dom, Bóg w dom
an invitation to a guest in the speaker's home to treat the house as if it were theirs

make-up artist n
charakteryzator charakteryzatorka makijażysta makijażystka
artist who applies makeup for theatrical, television, or film productions

makeshift /ˈmeɪkˌʃɪft/ adj
prowizoryczny
made to work or suffice

makeshift /ˈmeɪkˌʃɪft/ n
prowizorka
temporary substitution

makeup /ˈmeɪkʌp/ n
makijaż
cosmetics; colorants and other substances applied to the skin to alter its appearance
układ
an item's composition

makeup remover n
abszminka płyn do demakijażu
product for removing make-up

makhorka /məˈkɔː(ɹ)kə/ /məˈxɔː(ɹ)kə/ n
tytoń bakun
Nicotiana rustica

mako shark n
ostronos
shark species

malachite /ˈmæl.əˌkaɪt/ n
malachit
mineral
colour

malapropism /ˈmæləpɹɑpˌɪzəm/ /ˈmæləpɹɒpˌɪzəm/ n
malapropizm
the blundering use of a similar-sounding expression

malaria /məˈlɛə.ɹi.ə/ n
malaria
disease

malariology n
malariologia

malarkey /məˈlɑɹki/ /məˈlɑːki/ n
bzdura brednie humbug
nonsense; rubbish

malaxator n
malakser
agent used to malaxate something

male /meɪl/ adj
męski
belonging to the sex which typically produces sperm, or the gender typically associated with it

male /meɪl/ n
mężczyzna
human of masculine sex or gender
samiec
animal of masculine sex

male chauvinist n
męski szowinista
A male advocate of male chauvinism

male fern n
nerecznica samcza paprotnik samczy
Dryopteris filix-mas

male gaze n
male gaze
viewpoint of a heterosexual man

malefactor /ˈmæləˌfæktɚ/ n
złoczyńca
evildoer

maleficent /məˈlɛf.ɪ.sənt/ adj
szkodliwy zbrodniczy
harmful or evil in intent or effect

malevolence /məˈlɛvələns/ n
wrogość złowrogość
hostile feeling and attitude

malevolent /məˈlɛvələnt/ adj
wrogi złowrogi
having an evil or harmful influence
złowrogi wrogi
having or displaying ill will; wishing harm on others

malfunction /ˌmælˈfʌŋk.ʃən/ n
awaria
failure to function
wadliwe działanie
faulty functioning

malfunction /ˌmælˈfʌŋk.ʃən/ v
nie działać
to fail to function
wadliwie działać
to function improperly

malic acid n
kwas jabłkowy
the organic acid

malice /ˈmælɪs/ n
złośliwość pakość złoba
intention to harm

malicious /məˈlɪʃəs/ adj
wrogi złowrogi zły
deliberately harmful; spiteful
złośliwy
of, pertaining to, or as a result of malice or spite

malignant /məˈlɪɡnənt/ adj
szkodliwy
harmful, malevolent, injurious
złośliwy
(medicine) tending to produce death

malingerer /məˈlɪŋɡəɹə/ n
symulant symulantka
person who malingers

mallard /ˈmæl.ɑː(ɹ)d/ /ˈmælɚd/ n
kaczka krzyżówka
a common and widespread dabbling duck, Anas platyrhynchos

malleable /ˈmæl.iː.ə.bəl/ [-bɯ] [ˈmaɫiəbəɫ] [ˈmæɫiəbɫ̩] [ˈmɛɫiəbɫ̩] adj
kowalny kujny
able to be hammered into thin sheets
podatny
liable to change

mallet /ˈmælɪt/ n
drewniany młotek knypel obijak podbijak
small maul

malleus /ˈmæl.i.əs/ n
chitynowa płytka młoteczek ząb
part of the mastax of rotifers
młoteczek
the small hammer-shaped bone of the middle ear

mallow /ˈmæloʊ/ /ˈmæləʊ/ n
ślaz
any of a group of plants in several genera of the taxonomic family Malvaceae

malmsey /ˈmɑ(l)mzi/ /ˈmɑːmzɪ/ n
małmazja
wine made from malvasia

malnutrition n
niedożywienie
lack of adequate nourishment

malodorous /ˌmælˈoʊ.də.ɹəs/ /ˌmælˈəʊ.də.ɹəs/ adj
cuchnący śmierdzący
having a bad odor
nieprzyzwoity
highly improper

malpractice n
błąd w sztuce
improper or unethical conduct by a professional or official person

malt /mɑlt/ /mɔlt/ n
słód
sprouted grain used in brewing

malt whisky n
whisky słodowa
whisky made from malted barley

malthouse n
słodownia
plant

maltose /ˈmɔːltəʊz/ n
maltoza
the disaccharide C12H22O11

malvasia /ˌmalvəˈsɪə/ /ˌmælvəˈsi.ə/ /ˌmælvəˈzi.ə/ n
małmazja
grapevine used to make malmsey

malware /ˈmæl.weə(ɹ)/ n
szkodliwe oprogramowanie złośliwe oprogramowanie
software developed to cause harm to a computer system

mama's boy n
maminsynek
male overly attached to his mother

mamba /ˈmɑm.bɑ/ n
mamba
venomous snake

mammal /ˈmæməl/ n
ssak
animal of the class Mammalia

mammary gland n
gruczoł mlekowy
milk-secreting gland

mammillary body n
ciało suteczkowate
anatomy

mammography n
mammografia
X-ray examination of the breasts

mammoth /ˈmæməθ/ adj
mamuci
very large

mammoth /ˈmæməθ/ n
mamut
elephant-like mammal

mamzer n
mamzer
person of illegitimate birth

man /meːn/ /mæn/ [meən] [mɑn] [mɛn] [mɛən] [mẽə̃n] interjection
człowieku stary
an interjection used to place emphasis upon something or someone

man /meːn/ /mæn/ [meən] [mɑn] [mɛn] [mɛən] [mẽə̃n] n
człowiek ludzie istota ludzka
human
mężczyzna człowiek mąż pan
adult male human
pionek
piece in board games

man day n
dniówka osobodzień
one person's working time

man is a wolf to man proverb
człowiek człowiekowi wilkiem kruk krukowi oka nie wykole
humans prey upon one another

man is the measure of all things phraseologicalUnit
człowiek jest miarą wszystkiego

man of action n
człowiek czynu

man of letters n
literat
a literary man

man of the world n
światowiec
worldly man

man overboard interjection
człowiek za burtą
cry indicating someone has fallen over the side

man proposes, God disposes proverb
człowiek strzela, Pan Bóg kule nosi
things don't always work out as they were planned

man shall not live by bread alone proverb
nie samym chlebem żyje człowiek

man-at-arms /ˌmæn‿ət‿ˈɑː(ɹ)mz/ n
zbrojny
heavily-armed mounted member of cavalry

man-day n
osobodzień dniówka
one person's working time

man-eater n
antropofag kanibal ludojad ludożerca
cannibal
ludojad
animal that eats humans

man-hour n
osobogodzina
amount of work

man-made adj
syntetyczny sztuczny
created by a human

mana /ˈma-/ /ˈmæ-/ /ˈmɑ.nə/ /ˈmɑː.nə/ /ˈmʌ.nʌ/ n
mana

manacle /ˈmænək(ə)l/ /ˈmænəkəl/ n
kajdanki
shackle for the wrist

manacle /ˈmænək(ə)l/ /ˈmænəkəl/ v
zakuwać zakuć
to confine with manacles

manage /ˈmænɪdʒ/ v
dać radę udać się
to succeed at an attempt

management /mənˈeɪd͡ʒmənt/ /ˈmænəd͡ʒmənt/ /ˈmænɪd͡ʒmənt/ n
zarządzanie
administration; the process or practice of managing

management accounting n
rachunkowość zarządcza

manager /ˈmæn.ə.d͡ʒɚ/ /ˈmæn.ɪ.d͡ʒə/ [ˈmeən.ə.d͡ʒɚ] n
manager managerka menadżer menadżerka menedżer menedżerka
administrator, for a singer or group
manager menadżer menedżer kierownik kierowniczka managerka
person whose job is to manage something
menadżer
in computer software

managerial /ˌmænəˈdʒɪəɹi.əl/ adj
kierowniczy
involving management-like duties

manatee /ˈmæn.əˌtiː/ n
manat
any of several plant-eating marine mammals, of family Trichechidae

mandala /ˈmʌn.də.lə/ n
mandala
Hindu design

mandarin /mæn.də.ˈɹɪn/ /ˈmæn.də.ɹɪn/ n
mandaryn
Chinese Imperial bureaucrat

mandarin collar n
stójka
Short unfolded stand-up collar on a shirt or jacket.

mandarin duck /ˈmændəɹɪn dʌk/ n
mandarynka
bird

mandarin fish n
jazgarz chiński
carnivorous freshwater fish

mandarin orange n
mandarynka
fruit
tree

mandatory /ˈmæn.də.t(ə)ɹi/ /ˈmæn.dəˌtɔɹ.i/ /ˈmɛən.dəˌtɔɹ.i/ adj
obowiązkowy
obligatory

mandible /ˈmæn.dɪb.əl/ n
żuchwa
lower jaw

mandola n
mandola
musical instrument

mandolin /ˈmændəlɪn/ n
mandolina
musical instrument

mandorla /mænˈdɔː(ɹ)lə/ n
mandorla
A vesica piscis-shaped aureola

mandrake n
mandragora alrauna
botany

mandrel /ˈmæn.dɹəl/ n
trzpień
component that guides, grips or clamps
object used as an aid for shaping a material

mane /meɪn/ n
grzywa
longer hair growth on back of neck of a horse
longer hair growth around head of male lions

manes /ˈmɑːneɪz/ n
many
spirits of the dead

maneuver /məˈnuːvə/ /məˈnuːvɚ/ n
manewr
a movement, often one performed with difficulty
planned movement of troops
manewr ćwiczenia
a large training exercise of military troops

maneuver /məˈnuːvə/ /məˈnuːvɚ/ v
balansować manewrować
to move carefully, and often with difficulty, into a certain position
manewrować
(intransitive) to intrigue, manipulate, plot, scheme
to guide, steer, manage purposefully

manga /ˈmaŋɡə/ /ˈmæŋɡə/ /ˈmɑŋɡə/ /ˈmɑːŋɡə/ n
manga
comic done in Japanese style
comic originated in Japan

mangaka n
mangaka
a professional manga or anime artist

manganese /ˈmæŋ.ɡəˌnis/ /ˈmæŋ.ɡəˌniz/ /ˈmæŋ.ɡəˌniːz/ n
mangan
chemical element

mange /meɪnd͡ʒ/ n
świerzb
skin disease

manger /ˈmeɪn.d͡ʒə(ɹ)/ /ˈmeɪn.d͡ʒɚ/ n
żłób
trough for animals to eat from

mangle /ˈmæŋ.ɡəl/ n
magiel maglownica
a hand-operated device with rollers for wringing laundry

mangle /ˈmæŋ.ɡəl/ v
maglować zmaglować
to wring laundry

mango /ˈmæŋɡoʊ/ /ˈmæŋɡəʊ/ [ˈmɛəŋɡoʊ] n
mango
fruit
mango mangowiec
tropical fruit tree Mangifera indica

mangosteen /ˈmæŋɡəstiːn/ n
mangostan
fruit

mangrove /ˈmæŋɡɹoʊv/ /ˈmæŋɡɹəʊv/ n
mangrowiec
tree of the genus Rhizophora
namorzyn
tropical tree or shrub that grows in shallow water
namorzyny mangrowe mangrowia
habitat

mangy /ˈmeɪn.d͡ʒi/ adj
parszywy
afflicted with mange

manhole /mænhəʊl/ n
właz
a hole in the ground used to access the sewers or other underground vaults and installations

manhood /ˈmænhʊd/ n
męskość
euphemism of male genitalia
state of being a man

manhunt n
obława pościg
organized search

mania /ˈmeɪ.ni.ə/ n
mania
violent derangement
excessive desire
state of abnormally elevated or irritable mood, arousal, and/or energy levels

maniac /ˈmeɪniˌæk/ n
maniaczka maniak
fanatic, obsessive
maniak maniaczka
insane person

manicure /ˈmæ.nɪ.kjʊɹ/ n
manicure manikiur
cosmetic treatment for the fingernails

manifest /ˈmæn.ə.fɛst/ /ˈmæn.ɪ.fɛst/ n
manifest
obsolete: public declaration

manifesto /ˌmæn.əˈfɛs.toʊ/ /ˌmæn.əˈfɛs.təʊ/ /ˌmæn.ɪˈfɛs.təʊ/ n
manifest
public declaration

manifold /ˈmænɪˌfoʊld/ /ˈmænɪˌfəʊld/ /ˈmɛniˌfoʊld/ /ˈmɛnɪˌfoʊld/ n
kolektor
pipe fitting
rozmaitość
locally Euclidean space

manila /məˈnɪlə/ adj
manilowy manilski
made of manila paper

manioc /ˈmeɪ.niˌɑk/ /ˈmæ.ni.ɒk/ /ˈmæ.niˌɑk/ n
maniok
root

maniple /ˈmænəpəl/ /ˈmænɪp(ə)l/ n
manipularz
part of a priest's vestments
manipuł
division of the Roman army

manipulatable /məˌnɪpjʊˈleɪtəbəl/ adj
dający się manipulować
able to be manipulated

manipulate /məˈnɪp.jə.leɪt/ /məˈnɪp.jʊ.leɪt/ v
manipulować
manipulować zmanipulować
influence or manage
move with the hands

manipulation /məˌnɪp.juˈleɪ.ʃən/ n
manipulacja
devious management
practice of manipulating
skillful use of the hands

manipulative /məˈnɪp.jə.leɪ.tɪv/ /məˈnɪp.jə.lə.tɪv/ [məˈnɪp.jə.leɪ.ɾɪv] adj
manipulacyjny manipulujący
describing a person who manipulates others

manipulator /məˈnɪpjʊleɪtə(ɹ)/ n
manipulant manipulator
person

mankind /mænˈkaɪnd/ n
ludzkość gatunek ludzki rodzaj ludzki
human race

mankini n
mankini

mankurt n
mankurt
An individual with a lost or degraded cultural and ethnic identity or awareness about his ancestry

manly /ˈmænli/ adj
męski mężny
having the characteristics of a man

manna /ˈmænə/ n
manna
food
sugary sap of the manna gum tree
manna z nieba
any good thing

manna ash n
jesion mannowy
Fraxinus ornis

mannequin /ˈmænəˌkɪn/ n
manekin
model of the human body used for the displaying of clothes

manner /ˈmænə/ /ˈmænɚ/ n
maniera
characteristic mode of acting or behaving; bearing
characteristic peculiarity of an artist
one's customary method of acting; habit
sposób
way of performing or effecting; method or style

manner of articulation n
sposób artykulacji
configuration and interaction of the articulators

manners /ˈmæn.ɚz/ n
maniery
etiquette

mano a mano n
jeden na jednego
a head-on conflict or direct competition; a duel

manometer /məˈnɑmədəɹ/ /məˈnɑmɪtɚ/ /məˈnɒmɪtə/ n
manometr ciśnieniomierz
instrument to measure pressure

manor /ˈmænə(ɹ)/ /ˈmænəɹ/ n
włość

manosphere n
androsfera manofsera

mansard roof n
mansarda
a roof with a shallower slope descending into a steeper slope

mansion /ˈmæn.t͡ʃən/ /ˈmæn.ʃən/ n
dwór rezydencja włość
large house or building

manslaughter n
nieumyślne spowodowanie śmierci
act of killing unlawfully

mansuetude /mænˈsuət(j)ud/ /ˈman.swɪ.tjuːd/ n
delikatność łagodność
gentleness, meekness

manta ray /ˈmæntə ɹeɪ/ n
manta
any of several very large pelagic rays

manticore /ˈmæntɪˌkɔɹ/ n
mantykora
mythical creature

mantis /ˈmæntɪs/ n
modliszka
any of various large insects of the order Mantodea

mantis shrimp n
ustonóg
stomatopod

mantissa n
mantysa
part of a logarithm after the decimal point

mantled guereza n
gereza abisyńska
Colobus guereza

mantling n
labry
heraldry: drapery behind and around a coat of arms

mantra /ˈmæn.tɹə/ /ˈmɑn.tɹə/ /ˈmʌn.tɹə/ n
mantra
a phrase repeated to assist concentration during meditation
a slogan or phrase often repeated

manual /ˈmæn.j(u)əl/ /ˈmæn.j(ʊ)əl/ adj
ręczny
performed with the hands

manual /ˈmæn.j(u)əl/ /ˈmæn.j(ʊ)əl/ n
podręcznik instrukcja
handbook or booklet that instructs
manuał
musical keyboard

manually adv
ręcznie
by hand

manufacture /ˌmanjəˈfaktʃə/ /ˌmanjʊˈfaktʃə/ /ˌmanəˈfaktʃə/ /ˌmænjuˈfækt͡ʃɚ/ /ˌmænjəˈfækt͡ʃɚ/ /ˌmænəˈfækt͡ʃɚ/ n
manufaktura
action or process of making goods systematically or on a large scale
wyrób
anything made, formed or produced; product

manufacture /ˌmanjəˈfaktʃə/ /ˌmanjʊˈfaktʃə/ /ˌmanəˈfaktʃə/ /ˌmænjuˈfækt͡ʃɚ/ /ˌmænjəˈfækt͡ʃɚ/ /ˌmænəˈfækt͡ʃɚ/ v
wytwarzać wytworzyć
to make things

manufacturer /ˌmænjəˈfækt͡ʃəɹɚ/ /ˌmænjʊˈfæktʃəɹə/ n
producent producentka fabrykant fabrykantka wytwórca
a person or company that manufactures

manul n
manul
Otocolobus manul

manumission /mænjʊˈmɪʃən/ n
uwolnienie uwłaszczenie
release from slavery, freedom, the act of manumitting

manure /məˈn(j)ʊɹ/ /məˈnjɔː/ /məˈnjʊə/ n
gnój nawóz
excrement

manure /məˈn(j)ʊɹ/ /məˈnjɔː/ /məˈnjʊə/ v
gnoić ognoić
to apply manure

manureless adj
bezobornikowy

manuscript /ˈmæn.jʊˌskɹɪpt/ adj
rękopis odręczny
handwritten, or by extension typewritten

manuscript /ˈmæn.jʊˌskɹɪpt/ n
rękopis manuskrypt
book, composition or any other document, written by hand
rękopis maszynopis
book, article etc, submitted for reproductive publication

manwhore n
męska dziwka męska kurwa
a man who sells his body for money; a male prostitute
promiscuous man

many /ˈmæni/ /ˈmɛni/ /ˈmɪni/ determiner
dużo wiele
an indefinite large number of

many a determiner
niejeden
being one of a large number, each one of many; belonging to an aggregate or category, considered singly as one of a kind

many a mickle makes a muckle /ˌmɛni‿ə ˈmɪk(ə)l meɪks‿ə ˈmʌk(ə)l/ /ˌmɛni‿ə ˈmɪkəl meɪks‿ə ˈmʌkəl/ proverb
ziarnko do ziarnka, a zbierze się miarka
lot of small amounts, put together, become a large amount

many happy returns n
sto lat
Many happy returns!

many moons ago phraseologicalUnit
dawno temu
a long time ago

many thanks interjection
wielkie dzięki
many thanks

map /mæp/ n
mapa
visual representation of an area
odwzorowanie
function

maple /ˈmeɪpl̩/ n
klon
tree of the Acer genus

maple syrup n
syrop klonowy
syrup made from the sap of the sugar maple

marabou /ˈmæɹəbuː/ n
marabut
large wading bird native to Africa

marathon /ˈmæɹə(ˌ)θɔn/ /ˈmæɹəˌθɑn/ /ˈmæɹəθən/ /ˈmɛɹə(ˌ)θɔn/ /ˈmɛɹəˌθɑn/ n
maraton
road race
any extended or sustained activity

marathoner /ˈmæ.ɹæ.θən.ə(ɹ)/ n
maratończyk
someone who participates in marathons and other long-distance races

maraud /mɘˈɹoːd/ /məˈɹɔd/ /məˈɹɔːd/ v
grasować
intransitive: to move about in roving fashion looking for plunder

marauder /məˈɹɔːdə(ɹ)/ n
maruder maruderka
one who moves about in roving fashion looking for plunder

marble /ˈmɑɹ.bəl/ /ˈmɑː.bəl/ n
marmur
crystalline limestone
szklana kulka kulka
spherical ball

marbly adj
marmurowy
characteristic of marble

marcasite /ˈmɑɹ.kə.sɑɪ̯t/ /ˈmɑːkəsʌɪt/ /ˌmɑɹ.kəˈzit/ n
markasyt markazyt
mineral

marcassin /mɑːˈkasɪn/ n
warchlak
young wild boar

march /mɑɹt͡ʃ/ /mɑːtʃ/ n
marsz
song in the genre of music written for marching
steady forward movement or progression
marsz pochód
formal, rhythmic way of walking
political rally or parade
marchia
region at a frontier governed by a marquess
rubież
border region

march /mɑɹt͡ʃ/ /mɑːtʃ/ v
maszerować
walk with long, regular strides

mare /mɛə/ /mɛɚ/ n
klacz kobyła
female horse
mara
evil spirit

margarine /ˈmɑɹ.d͡ʒə.ɹɪn/ /ˈmɑɹ.d͡ʒəˌɹin/ /ˈmɑː.d͡ʒə.ɹɪn/ /ˌmɑː.d͡ʒəˈɹiːn/ /ˌmɑː.ɡəˈɹiːn/ n
margaryna
spread

margay n
margaj ocelot nadrzewny
Leopardus wiedii

margin /ˈmɑːd͡ʒɪn/ /ˈmɑːɹd͡ʒ(ə)n/ n
margines
typography: edge of the paper that remains blank
marża
finance: yield or profit

margin of error n
margines błędu
expression of the lack of precision

marginalization n
marginalizacja
act of marginalizing

marginalize v
marginalizować
relegate something to margins or to a lower limit

margravate /ˈmɑːɡɹəveɪt/ n
margrabstwo
territory governed by a margrave

margrave /ˈmɑɹɡɹeɪv/ /ˈmɑːɡɹeɪv/ n
margrabia
hereditary prince
military officer in charge of German border area

marigold /ˈmæɹ.ɪˌɡoʊld/ /ˈmæɹ.ɪˌɡəʊld/ /ˈmɛɹ.ɪˌɡoʊld/ n
aksamitka aksamitek
Tagetes
nagietek
Calendula

marijuana /-ˈhwɑ-/ /ˌmæɹ-/ /ˌmæɹɪˈwɑː.nə/ /ˌmɛɹɪˈwɑ.nə/ n
marihuana
the drug

marimbaphone n
marimbafon
percussion idiophone

marina /məˈɹinə/ n
marina
harbour

marinade /ˌmaɹəˈneɪd/ /ˌmaɹɪˈneɪd/ /ˌmɛɹəˈneɪd/ /ˌmɛɹɪˈneɪd/ n
marynata bejca zalewa
liquid mixture

marinate /ˈmæɹɪneɪt/ v
marynować zamarynować bejcować zabejcować
soak in marinade

marine /məˈɹaɪn/ /məˈɹiːn/ /ˈmæɹɪn/ adj
morski
of or pertaining to the sea

marine biology n
biologia morza
branch of biology

marine mammal n
ssak morski
mammal living in seawater

marionette /ˌmæɹi.əˈnɛt/ n
marionetka
string puppet

marital /ˈmaɹɪtəl/ /ˈmæɹɪtəl/ adj
małżeński
pertaining to marriage

marital rape n
gwałt małżeński
rape by an intimate partner

marital status n
stan cywilny
term describing relationship

maritime /ˈmæɹ.ɪˌtaɪm/ /ˈmæɹ.ɪˌtɑɪm/ /ˈmɛɹ.əˌtaɪm/ /ˈmɛɹ.ɪˌtaɪm/ adj
morski
relating to the sea
morski nadmorski
bordering on the sea

marjoram /ˈmɑɹd͡ʒəɹəm/ /ˈmɑːd͡ʒ(ə)ɹəm/ n
majeranek
culinary herb
plant

mark /mæɹk/ /mɑɹk/ /mɑː(ɾ)k/ /mɑːk/ n
ocena
academic score
marka
units of currency notionally equivalent to a mark of silver

mark /mæɹk/ /mɑɹk/ /mɑː(ɾ)k/ /mɑːk/ v
kryć
sports: to follow a player

mark my words phraseologicalUnit
zapamiętaj moje słowa
listen to me

mark of Cain n
kainowe piętno znamię Kaina
stigma of shame

markedly /ˈmɑːkɪdli/ adv
ewidentnie wyraźnie
in a marked manner

marker /ˈmɑː(ɹ)kə(ɹ)/ n
marker
a gene or DNA sequence with a known location

marker pen n
flamaster marker
pen

market /ˈmɑɹkət/ /ˈmɑɹkɪt/ /ˈmɑːkɪt/ n
rynek
total sum of trading
formally organized system of trading in specified goods or effects
geographical area where a commercial demand exists
gathering for trading
group of potential customers
rynek targ targowisko bazar
spacious site for trading

market clearing n
oczyszczenie rynku

market economy n
gospodarka rynkowa
economy in which and services are exchanged in a free market

market equilibrium n
równowaga rynkowa

market penetration n
penetracja rynku

market price n
cena rynkowa
going price
on restaurant menu

market research n
badanie rynku
analysis of commercial data

market share n
udział rynkowy
percentage of some market

market square n
rynek
open area in a town housing a public market

market value n
wartość rynkowa
the price at which something is or can be traded

marketing n
marketing
the promotion, distribution and selling of a product or service

marketplace n
targowisko
open area in a town housing a public market

marking gauge n
znacznik stolarski

markka n
marka
unit of currency

marksman /ˈmɑɹksmən/ n
strzelec
a man skilled in shooting at a target

markswoman n
strzelczyni
woman skilled in shooting target

markup /ˈmɑː(ɹ)k.ʌp/ n
adiustacja
notation used to indicate how text should be displayed
marża
increase in price
percentage or amount added to buy-in price

marl /mɑɹl/ /mɑːl/ n
margiel
a mixed earthy substance

marlin /ˈmɑɹ.lɪn/ n
makaira marlin żaglica
game fish with a pointed upper jaw

marmalade /ˈmɑɹ.mə.leɪd/ /ˈmɑː.mə.leɪd/ n
marmolada
citrus jam

marmoset /ˈmɑɹməsət/ /ˈmɑɹməzət/ n
marmozeta
small monkey

marmot /ˈmɑɹ.mət/ /ˈmɑː.mət/ n
świstak świszcz
rodent of the genera Marmota

maroon /məˈɹuːn/ /məˈɹəʉn/ /məˈɹʉːn/ adj
barwa kasztanowa kasztanowa
color

marquess /ˈmɑɹ.kwɪs/ /ˈmɑː.kwɪs/ n
markiz
title of nobility

marquetry /ˈmɑːkɪtɹi/ n
markietaż markieteria
decorative technique

marram /ˈmæɹəm/ n
piaskownica zwyczajna
Ammophila arenaria

marriage /ˈmeɹɪdʒ/ /ˈmæɹɪdʒ/ /ˈmɛɹɪdʒ/ n
małżeństwo
union of two people
małżeństwo ślub
state of being married
ślub wesele swadźba
wedding

marriage agency n
agencja małżeństwa
business

marriage certificate n
akt małżeństwa
document

married /ˈmæɹ.id/ /ˈmæɹ.ɪd/ /ˈmɛɹ.id/ adj
zamężna zamężny
in a state of marriage; having a husband
żonaty żonata
in a state of marriage; having a wife

married couple n
małżeństwo
two people who are married to each other

marron glacé /məˌɹɑn ɡləˈseɪ/ /ˌmaɹɒ̃ ˈɡlaseɪ/ n
kandyzowany kasztan
chestnut preserved in sugar or syrup and flavoured with vanilla

marrow /ˈmæɹoʊ/ /ˈmæɹəʊ/ /ˈmɛ(ə)ɹoʊ/ n
kabaczek
kind of vegetable
szpik szpik kostny
substance inside bones

marrowbone n
kość szpikowa
bone with edible marrow

marry /ˈmeɹ.i/ /ˈmæɹ.i/ /ˈmɛɹ.i/ v
ożenić się wyjść za mąż brać ślub żenić się
to take a husband or wife
pożenić
figuratively: to combine

marry me phraseologicalUnit
ożeń się ze mną
marriage proposal from a woman to a man (the shortest form)
wyjdź za mnie (za mąż)
marriage proposal from a man to a woman (the shortest form)

marry off v
ożenić wydawać za mąż wydać za mąż żenić
successfully arrange the marriage of someone

marry up v
poślubiać kogoś o wyższym statusie społecznym poślubić kogoś o wyższym statusie społecznym
to marry someone of a higher class

marsh /mæʃ/ /mɑɹʃ/ /mɑː(ɹ)ʃ/ n
bagno moczar mokradło błoto
area of low, wet land

marsh mallow n
prawoślaz lekarski
Althaea officinalis

marsh marigold n
kaczeniec knieć błotna
plant

marsh rosemary n
bagno
Rhododendron tomentosum

marsh sandpiper n
brodziec pławny
Tringa stagnatilis

marsh tit n
sikora uboga
bird

marsh warbler n
łozówka
Acrocephalus palustris

marshal /ˈmɑɹʃəl/ /ˈmɑːʃəl/ n
marszałek
military officer of the highest rank
officer in the household of a medieval prince or lord
organizator
person in charge of the ceremonial arrangement and management of a gathering

marshal /ˈmɑɹʃəl/ /ˈmɑːʃəl/ v
porządkować uporządkować
to arrange facts
zdobyć zebrać zgromadzić
to gather data

marshalling yard n
stacja rozrządowa

marshland n
moczar
marshy land, bog, fen

marshmallow /mɑːʃˈmæləʊ/ /ˈmɑɹʃˌmæl.oʊ/ /ˈmɑɹʃˌmɛl.oʊ/ n
pianka
confectionery

marshrutka n
marszrutka
share taxi

marshy /ˈmɑɹʃi/ adj
błotny
growing in marshy ground
of, or resembling a marsh; boggy

marsupial /mɑɹ.ˈsu.pi.əl/ /mɑː.ˈsuː.pi.əl/ n
torbacz
mammal of which the female typically has a pouch

marten /ˈmɑɹ.tən/ /ˈmɑː.tən/ /ˈmɑː.tɪn/ [ˈmɑɹ.ʔn̩] n
kuna
mammal

martensite n
martenzyt
solution of carbon in iron

martial /ˈmɑɹʃəl/ /ˈmɑːʃəl/ adj
wojenny
of, relating to, or suggestive of war

martial art n
sztuka walki
fighting style

martial law n
stan wojenny
rule by military authorities

martingale n
wytok
piece of harness

martini /mɑɹˈtini/ /mɑːˈtiːni/ n
martini
cocktail

martyr /ˈmɐːtə(ɹ)/ /ˈmɑɹ.tɚ/ /ˈmɑːtə(ɹ)/ [ˈmɐːtə(ɹ)] [ˈmɐːɾə(ɹ)] [ˈmɑɹ.ɾɚ] n
męczennik cierpiętnica cierpiętnik męczennica
one who sacrifices their life for an important cause
męczennik męczennica
one willing to be killed for religion

martyr /ˈmɐːtə(ɹ)/ /ˈmɑɹ.tɚ/ /ˈmɑːtə(ɹ)/ [ˈmɐːtə(ɹ)] [ˈmɐːɾə(ɹ)] [ˈmɑɹ.ɾɚ] v
zadać męczeńską śmierć
to make someone a martyr

martyrdom /ˈmɑː(ɹ).tə(ɹ).dəm/ n
męczeństwo
condition of a martyr
męka
great suffering

martyrology n
martyrologia
Roman Catholicism: a calendar of saints' days, typically with biographical information

marvel of Peru n
dziwaczek peruwiański
Mirabilis jalapa

marvellous /ˈmɑɹvələs/ /ˈmɑːvləs/ /ˈmɑːvələs/ adj
cudowny cudny zdumiewający
exciting wonder or surprise

marvellously /ˈmɑɹvələsli/ /ˈmɑːvələsli/ adv
cudnie
in a marvellous manner

marvelous /ˈmɑɹvələs/ /ˈmɑːvləs/ /ˈmɑːvələs/ adj
cudowny cudny zdumiewający
exciting wonder or surprise

marzipan /ˈmɑɹtsəpæn/ /ˈmɑɹtsəpɑn/ /ˈmɑɹzəpæn/ /ˈmɑːzɪpæn/ /ˌmɑːzɪˈpæn/ n
marcepan
confection of almond paste, sugar and egg white

mascara /məsˈkɑːɹə/ /məˈskɑːɹə/ /ˌmæsˈkæɹə/ /ˌmæsˈkɑːɹə/ n
tusz do rzęs maskara tusz
eyelash cosmetic

mascaron /ˈmæskəˌɹɒn/ n
maskaron maszkaron
carved, ornamental face

mascarpone /ˌmæskə(ɹ)ˈpəʊni/ /ˌmɑːskə(ɹ)ˈpəʊneɪ/ /ˌmɑːskə(ɹ)ˈpəʊni/ n
mascarpone
cheese

mascot /ˈmæsˌkɑːt/ /ˈmæsˌkɒt/ n
maskotka
something thought to bring good luck
something used to symbolize a sports team or other group

masculine /ˈmæskjələn/ /ˈmæskjʊlɪn/ adj
męski
belonging to males; appropriated to, or used by, males
having male qualities, not feminine or effeminate
of the male sex; biologically male, not female; manly
grammar: being of the masculine class, being inflected in the masculine manner

masculine /ˈmæskjələn/ /ˈmæskjʊlɪn/ n
rodzaj męski
(grammar) the masculine gender

masculinity /ˌmæskjəˈlɪnɪti/ n
męskość
degree or property of being masculine

masculinization n
maskulinizacja umężczyźnienie
act of making masculine

masculinize v
maskulinizować umężczyźniać umężczyźnić zmaskulinizować
make (more) masculine

masculism n
maskulinizm
a social theory or political movement

mash /mæʃ/ n
miazga
a mass of mixed ingredients
zacier
in brewing
flirt
an infatuation, a crush, a fancy

mashed potatoes n
purée ziemniaczane
dish

mask /mæsk/ /mɑːsk/ n
maska maseczka
cover for the face
maskarada
festive entertainment

masked shrike n
dzierzba białoczelna
Lanius nubicus

masochism /ˈmæs.ə.kɪ.zəm/ /ˈmæz.ə.kɪ.zəm/ n
masochizm
the enjoyment of receiving pain or humiliation

masochist /ˈmæ.səˌkɪst/ n
masochista masochistka
someone who enjoys pain or humiliation

masochistic /ˌmæ.səˈkɪs.tɪk/ adj
masochistyczny
deriving pleasure from abuse, being punished, or dominated

mason /ˈmeɪsən/ n
murarz kamieniarz
one who builds with stone or brick

mason /ˈmeɪsən/ v
murować wymurować zamurować
to build stonework or brickwork

masquerade /ˈmæskəˌɹeɪd/ /ˈmɑːs-/ /ˌmæskəˈɹeɪd/ /ˌmɑːs-/ n
bal przebierańców maskarada
party or assembly of people wearing masks and costumes
maskarada
act of living under false pretenses; concealment of something by a false or unreal show

mass /mæs/ /mɑs/ n
masa
physics: quantity of matter which a body contains
quantity of matter cohering together to make one body
masa masy
large body of individuals
masy
lower classes

mass /mæs/ /mɑːs/ n
msza
religion: celebration of the Eucharist
religion: Eucharist
musical setting of parts of the mass
religion: sacrament of the Eucharist

mass grave n
mogiła zbiorowa
a grave containing many corpses

mass media n
mass media środki masowego przekazu
public communication that reaches a large audience

mass murder n
masowe morderstwo
successive killing of many people

mass shooting /mæsˈʃutɪŋ/ [mæsˈʃuɾɪŋ] n
masowa strzelanina
shooting of multiple people

mass spectrometry n
spektrometria mas
analytical tecnique

mass transit n
komunikacja zbiorowa
transportation system

massacre /ˈmæs.ə.kə(ɹ)/ /ˈmæs.ə.kɚ/ n
masakra rzeź
intentional mass killing

massacre /ˈmæs.ə.kə(ɹ)/ /ˈmæs.ə.kɚ/ v
wymordować
to kill in considerable numbers

massage /məˈsɑd͡ʒ/ /məˈsɑʒ/ /məˈsɑː(d)ʒ/ /ˈmæsɑː(d)ʒ/ n
masaż
rubbing, kneading, or hitting muscled part of a body

massage /məˈsɑd͡ʒ/ /məˈsɑʒ/ /məˈsɑː(d)ʒ/ /ˈmæsɑː(d)ʒ/ v
masować
to perform a massage on somebody

masses /ˈmæs.ɪz/ n
masy
people, especially a large number

masseter /maˈsiː.tə/ /mæˈsi.tɚ/ /məˈsi.tɚ/ n
mięsień żwacz żwacz
muscle

masseur /məˈsɜː/ /məˈsɝ/ /məˈsʊɹ/ n
masażysta masażystka
a person who performs massage

masseuse /maˈsɜːz/ /məˈsuːs/ /məˈsʊz/ n
masażystka
a female masseur

massif /mæˈsiːf/ /ˈmæsɪf/ n
masyw
principal mountain mass

mast /mæst/ /mɑːst/ n
maszt
support of a sail

mastaba /mæˈstaːbə/ /ˈmæstəbə/ n
mastaba
rectangular tomb structure with a flat top and slightly sloping sides

mastectomy /ˌmæˈstɛktəmi/ n
mastektomia
surgical procedure to remove all or part of the breast

master /ˈmas.tə/ /ˈmaːs.tə/ /ˈmæs.tɚ/ /ˈmɑs.tə/ /ˈmɑːs.tə/ n
gospodarz głowa rodziny
head of a household
kapitan
someone who employs others
kopia-matka
original of a document or of a recording
magister
master's degree
person holding a master's degree
mistrz majster
tradesman who is qualified to teach apprentices
mistrz majster mistrzyni
expert at something
pan
courtesy title of a man
pan pani
owner of an animal or slave
panicz
courtesy title for a boy
władca
someone who has control over something or someone
-masztowiec
vessel having specified number of masts

master of ceremonies n
MC emce emsi
rapper
mistrz ceremonii
someone who conducts a program by introducing performers

master race n
rasa panów
race of people

master's degree n
magister magisterium magisterka
postgraduate degree

master's thesis n
magisterium magisterka praca magisterska
a thesis submitted for a master's degree

masterfully /ˈmæstɚf(ʊ)li/ /ˈmɑːstəf(ʊ)li/ adv
mistrzowsko po mistrzowsku
in a masterful manner

masterly /ˈmæ-/ /ˈmæstɚli/ /ˈmɑːstəli/ adj
mistrzowski
executed in the manner of a master; showing competence and skill

masterpiece /ˈmæstɚˌpis/ /ˈmɑːstəˌpiːs/ n
arcydzieło doskonałość majstersztyk poemat
An outstanding piece of work
arcydzieło majstersztyk doskonałość
piece of work that has been given much critical praise
majstersztyk
work created in order to qualify as a master craftsman and member of a guild

masterwork n
majstersztyk
piece done to be ranked a master

masterwort /ˈmɑːstəwəːt/ n
gorysz miarz
Peucedanum ostruthium
jarzmianka
Astrantia spp.

mastiff /ˈmæstɪf/ n
mastif mastiff mastyf
powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog

mastodon /ˈmæs.tə.dɒn/ /ˈmæstədɑn/ /ˈmæstədən/ n
mastodont
extinct elephant-like mammal of the genus Mammut

masturbate /ˈmaː.stə.bæɪt/ /ˈmæ.stə.beɪt/ /ˈmæs.tɚ.beɪt/ v
masturbować się onanizować się uprawiać ipsację walić gruchę
to masturbate

masturbation /ˌmæstəˈbeɪʃ(ə)n/ /ˌmæstɚˈbeɪʃən/ /ˌmɑːstəˈbeɪʃ(ə)n/ n
masturbacja onanizm
manual erotic stimulation of the genitals

masturbator n
onanista onanistka
someone who masturbates

mat /mæt/ [mæʔ(t̚)] n
mata
athletics: protective pad
mata wycieraczka
foot wiping device or floor covering

matador /ˈma.tə.dɔː/ /ˈmæ.tə.dɔɹ/ n
matador
bullfighter

match /mæt͡ʃ/ n
mecz zawody
sporting event
zapałka
device to make fire

match /mæt͡ʃ/ v
dorównywać pasować zestawiać
to agree; to equal

match day n
dzień meczowy
day with a sporting event

match point n
meczbol piłka meczowa
state in a game

matcha /ˈmæ.tʃə/ /ˈmɑ.t͡ʃə/ n
matcha
powdered green tea for ceremonies

matchbox n
pudełko od zapałek
small cardboard box in which matches are kept

matchmake v
swatać
to do matchmaking: to set up a date between two people or to arrange a marriage

matchmaker n
swat swatka
someone who finds suitable marriage partners

matchmaking /ˈmæt͡ʃˌmeɪkɪŋ/ n
swatanie
attempt to make two people romantically interested in each other

matchstick n
zapałka
piece of wood

mate /meɪt/ v
kopulować spółkować współżyć
copulate

material /məˈtiɹ.i.əl/ /məˈtɪə.ɹɪ.əl/ adj
materialny
related to matter
worldly

material /məˈtiɹ.i.əl/ /məˈtɪə.ɹɪ.əl/ n
materiał
matter
cloth

materialism /məˈtɪəɹiəlɪzəm/ /məˈtɪɹiəlɪzəm/ n
materializm
concern over material possessions
philosophical belief

materialist /məˈtiːɹɪəlɪst/ adj
materialistyczny
having features typical of philosophical materialism

materialist /məˈtiːɹɪəlɪst/ n
materialista materialistka
someone who is materialistic
follower of philosophical materialism

materialize v
materializować się zmaterializować się
to take physical form or to appear seemingly from nowhere
materializować zmaterializować
to cause to take physical form or to appear

maternal /məˈtɜːnəl/ /məˈtɝnəl/ adj
macierzyński matczyny
of or pertaining to a mother

maternal aunt n
ciotka macierzysta
one's mother's sister
wujenka
one's mother's sister-in-law

maternal uncle n
wuj wujek
brother of one's mother

maternity /məˈtɜː(ɹ)nɪti/ n
ciąża
state of being pregnant; pregnancy
macierzyństwo
state of being a mother; motherhood
porodówka
ward or department in a hospital in which babies are born

maternity hospital n
klinika położnicza
a hospital that provides assistance during childbirth

maternity leave n
urlop macierzyński
leave of absence

maternity ward n
oddział położniczy porodówka
hospital ward

mates' rates n
ceny dla przyjaciół

matgrass n
bliźniczka psia trawka
Nardus stricta

math /mæθ/ n
matematyka matma
short form of mathematics

mathematical /ˌmæθəˈmætəkəl/ /ˌmæθəˈmætɪkəl/ adj
matematyczny
of, or relating to mathematics

mathematical analysis n
analiza matematyczna
The mathematical study of functions, sequences, series, limits, derivatives and integrals.

mathematical induction n
indukcja matematyczna
method of proof

mathematical morphology n
morfologia matematyczna

mathematical realism n
realizm matematyczny

mathematical sociology n
socjologia matematyczna

mathematical structure n
struktura matematyczna

mathematically adv
matematycznie
according to or using mathematics

mathematician /ˌmæθ(.ə)məˈtɪʃ.ən/ n
matematyk matematyczka
expert in mathematics

mathematics /mæθ(ə)ˈmætəks/ /mæθ(ə)ˈmætɪks/ n
matematyka
field of study
person's ability to use mathematics

maths /mæs/ /mæθs/ /mɛts/ n
majma matma
short form of mathematics

matinee /ˈmætɪˌneɪ/ n
popołudniówka
a showing of a movie or theatrical performance in the afternoon

mating /ˈmeɪtɪŋ/ n
kopulacja
pairing of organisms for copulation

mating call n
krzyk godowy
cry for attracting others to mate with

mating season n
okres godowy
time of year during which animals mate

matriarchy n
matriarchat
social system
system of government

matricide n
matkobójca matkobójczyni
person who kills their mother
matkobójstwo
killing of one's mother

matrimonial adj
matrymonialny małżeński
relating to marriage

matrimony /ˈmat.ɹɪ.mə.ni/ /ˈmæt.ɹɪˌmoʊ.ni/ n
związek małżeński
marriage or the state of being married

matrix /mæːʈ.rɪks/, /mɛʈ.rɪks/ /ˈmeɪ.tɹɪks/ /ˈmæt.ɹɪks/ /ˈmæɪ.tɹɪks/ n
macierz matrix
part of the mitochondrion
macierz matryca
math: rectangular arrangement of numbers or terms
two-dimensional array

matron /ˈmeɪtɹən/ n
matrona
mature or elderly woman

matsutake /maːtsuːˈtaːkeɪ/ /maːtsuːˈtaːkiː/ n
gąska sosnowa

matter /ˈmætə/ /ˈmætɚ/ [-ɾɚ] n
materia
basic structural component of the universe
kind of substance
non-antimatter matter
sprawa
reason for concern

matter /ˈmætə/ /ˈmætɚ/ [-ɾɚ] v
mieć znaczenie
to be important

matter of life and death n
sprawa życia i śmierci
Something whose outcome could result in either someone's survival or their death

matter of time n
kwestia czasu
an inevitable result

matter-of-fact adj
rzeczowy
of, or relating to facts only

mattock /ˈmætək/ n
motyka oskard
agricultural tool

mattress /ˈmætɹɪs/ n
materac
a pad on which a person can recline and sleep

matura n
matura
final exam in certain European countries

mature /məˈt(j)ʊəɹ/ /məˈtjʊə/ /məˈt͡ʃɔː/ /məˈt͡ʃɝ/ /məˈt͡ʃʊ(ə)ɹ/ /məˈt͡ʃʊə/ adj
dojrzały
fully developed

maturity /məˈtjʊəɹəti/ /məˈtʊəɹəti/ /məˈt͡ʃʊəɹəti/ n
dojrzałość
state of being mature, ready or ripe
dojrzałość dorosłość
when bodily growth has completed and/or reproduction can begin

matzo /ˈmætsə/ /ˈmætsəʊ/ /ˈmɑːtsoʊ/ /ˈmɑːtsə/ /ˌmɑːˈtsɑː/ n
maca przaśnik
thin, unleavened bread

maté /ˈmæteɪ/ /ˈmɑteɪ/ n
mate yerba mate
shrub that produces the beverage maté
the beverage maté

maulstick /ˈmɔːl.stɪk/ n
malsztok malsztuk
short stick

maunder /ˈmɔndɚ/ /ˈmɔːndə/ v
bajtlować zbajtlować
speak in a disorganized manner

mausoleum /ˌmɔ.səˈli.əm/ /ˌmɔː.zəˈliː.əm/ n
mauzoleum
large tomb

mauve /moʊv/ /mɔːv/ /məʊv/ n
moweina
dye

maverick /ˈmævəɹɪk/ n
indywidualista wolny duch
one who is unconventional or does not abide by rules

maw-worm n
glista
parasitic worm which infests the stomach

max /mæks/ adj
maks
abbreviation for maximum

maxi adj
maksi
having a hemline at ankle length

maxilla /mækˈsɪl.ə/ n
szczęka
bone of upper jaw

maxillary /makˈsɪl.ə.ɹi/ /ˈmæk.səˌlɛɹ.i/ adj
szczękowy
of or pertaining to the jaw

maxim /ˈmæk.səm/ /ˈmæk.sɪm/ n
maksyma
moral precept

maximal /ˈmæksɪməl/ adj
maksymalny
Largest, greatest, highest, most

maximally adv
maksymalnie
to a maximal extent

maximization n
maksymalizacja
act of raising something to its greatest value or extent

maximize /ˈmæksəmaɪz/ v
maksymalizować zmaksymalizować
to make as large as possible

maximum /ˈmæksɪməm/ n
maksimum
highest limit

may /meɪ/ v
móc
have permission to
móc możliwe, że
possibly, but not certainly
niech bodaj bogdaj niechaj oby żeby
subjunctive

may God be my witness phraseologicalUnit
Bóg mi świadkiem jak mi Bóg miły

may the Force be with you phraseologicalUnit
niech Moc będzie z tobą
wish someone luck

maybe /ˈmeɪbi/ [ˈmeɪ̯bi] adv
może
indicating a lack of certainty

mayfly n
jętka
insect of order Ephemeroptera

mayhem /ˈmeɪhɛm/ /ˈmeɪəm/ n
chaos bezrząd bezład
chaos
okaleczenie
infliction of violent injury

mayonnaise /ˈmeɪ.ə.neɪz/ /ˈmæn.eɪz/ /ˌmeɪ.əˈneɪz/ [ˈmɛən-] n
majonez
dressing

mayor /ˈmeɪ.ə/ /ˈmeɪ.ɚ/ /ˈmɛə̯/ /ˈmɛɚ/ n
burmistrz burmistrzyni
leader of a city

mayoress /meɪəˈɹɛs/ /meɪɚˈɛs/ /mɛəˈɹɛs/ n
burmistrzyni
female mayor

mazagran n
mazagran

maze /ˈmeɪz/ n
labirynt błędnik
puzzle to get through

mazel tov /ˈmaz(ə)l ˌtɒf/ /ˈmaz(ə)l ˌtɒv/ /ˈmɑz(ə)lˌtɑf/ /ˈmɑz(ə)lˌtɑv/ /ˈmɑz(ə)lˌtɔf/ /ˈmɑz(ə)lˌtɔv/ interjection
mazzal tow
(Hebrew/Yiddish) congratulations or good wishes, especially at weddings

mazurka /məˈzɜː(ɹ)kə/ /məˈzʊə(ɹ)kə/ n
mazurek
dance

mazurzenie n
mazurzenie

mazut n
ciężki olej opałowy mazut
low-quality fuel oil

me /mi/ /miː/ pronoun
mnie
direct object of a verb

me neither phraseologicalUnit
ja też nie
me neither

me too phraseologicalUnit
ja też
I agree
that applies to me as well

mead /miːd/ n
miód pitny
alcoholic drink

meadery /ˈmidəɹi/ /ˈmiːdəɹi/ n
miodosytnia
place where mead is made

meadow /ˈmɛd.oʊ/ /ˈmɛd.əʊ/ [ˈmɛɾoʊ] n
łąka
field or pasture

meadow pipit n
świergotek łąkowy
bird

meadowlark n
wojak
songbird of Sturnella or Leistes

meadowrue n
rutewka
plant

meadowsweet /ˈmɛdoʊˈswit/ /ˈmɛdəʊswiːt/ n
wiązówka błotna
Filipendula ulmaria

meal /mil/ /miːl/ [miəɫ] n
posiłek jedzenie danie
food that is prepared and eaten
mączka
coarse-ground edible part of various grains

mealy /miːli/ adj
mączny
resembling meal

mean /min/ /miːn/ adj
średni
having the mean as its value

mean /min/ /miːn/ v
chcieć
to have intentions of some kind
to intend; plan on doing
mieć na myśli
to intend to express, to imply, to hint at, to allude
znaczyć
to convey, indicate
to signify
to result in; bring about

mean business v
nie żartować

mean the world to v
przesłaniać cały świat przesłonić cały świat

mean well v
chcieć dobrze
do with a positive intention

meander /miˈændə(ɹ)/ /miˈændɚ/ n
meander zakole
geography: one of a series of regular curves in a watercourse
zakole
one of the turns of a course

meander /miˈændə(ɹ)/ /miˈændɚ/ v
wić
to wind or turn

meandering adj
meandrowanie
winding, rambling

meaning /ˈminɪŋ/ /ˈmiːnɪŋ/ n
sens znaczenie
significance of a thing, as "the meaning of life"
znaczenie
symbolic value of something
znaczenie sens
definition or connotation of a word

meaning of life n
sens życia
hypothetical answer to life’s ultimate questions

meaningful /ˈminɪŋfʊl/ adj
znaczny znaczący
having meaning, significant

meaningless adj
bez znaczenia bezsensowny
lacking meaning

meanness n
draństwo nikczemność podłość
the condition or quality of being mean

means /minz/ /miːnz/ n
medium środki
instrument or condition for attaining a purpose

means of production n
środki produkcji
combination of the means of labor and the subject of labor

means of transportation n
środek transportu
general term for the different kinds of transport facilities that are often used to transport people or cargo in many ways

means to an end /miːnz tuː ən ɛnd/ n
środek do celu
method by which a goal is achieved

meantime /ˈmiːntaɪm/ n
międzyczas
time in between

meanwhile /ˈmiːnhwaɪl/ /ˈmiːnwaɪl/ adv
tymczasem na razie w międzyczasie
during the time
tymczasem w międzyczasie
at the same time but elsewhere

measles /ˈmizəlz/ /ˈmiːzəlz/ n
odra
disease caused by M. morbillivirus

measurable /ˈmɛʒəɹəbəl/ /ˈmɛʒɹəbəl/ adj
mierzalny
able to be measured

measure /ˈmeɪ.ʒə/ /ˈmeɪ.ʒɚ/ /ˈmeʒ.ə/ /ˈmɛʒ.ə/ /ˈmɛʒ.ɚ/ /ˈmɪ.ʒɚ/ n
miara
standard against which something can be judged, criterion
miara rozmiar
size ascertained by measuring
mathematical function
miarka
something to take measurements
pomiar
act or result of measuring
takt
musical designation
środek miara
action to achieve some purpose

measure /ˈmeɪ.ʒə/ /ˈmeɪ.ʒɚ/ /ˈmeʒ.ə/ /ˈmɛʒ.ə/ /ˈmɛʒ.ɚ/ /ˈmɪ.ʒɚ/ v
mierzyć zmierzyć
to ascertain the quantity of a unit

measure up v
mierzyć siły na zamiary
To meet expectations; to be as good as

measure word n
klasyfikator
measure word, classifier

measureless adj
bezmierny

measurelessly adv
bezmiernie

measurelessness n
bezmierność

measurement /ˈmeʒ.ə.mənt/ /ˈmɛʒ.ə.mənt/ /ˈmɛʒ.ɚ.mənt/ [ˈmɛʒ.ɚ.mn̩t] n
pomiar
act of measuring
wielkość
magnitude determined by measuring

measuring cup n
miarka
utensil to measure the volume

meat /mit/ /miːt/ n
miąższ
solid edible part of a plant
mięso
any sort of flesh
animal flesh used as food
type of meat

meat and potatoes adj
chleb powszedni
typical, average

meatball n
klops pulpet klopsik
ball of minced or ground meat

meateater n
mięsożerca
animal
human

meatgrinder n
maszynka do mielenia mięsa
device for cutting meat

meatless /ˈmiːtləs/ adj
bezmięsny jarski
without meat

meatloaf /ˈmit.loʊf/ /ˈmiːt.ləʊf/ n
pieczeń rzymska
mixture of ground meat

meaty /ˈmiːti/ adj
mięsny
of, relating to, or containing meat

mechanic /məˈkænɪk/ n
mechanik
skilled worker on machinery

mechanical /mɪˈkænɪk(ə)l/ adj
mechaniczny
physics: related to mechanics

mechanical energy n
energia mechaniczna
mechanical energy

mechanical pencil n
ołówek automatyczny
pencil with a retractable lead

mechanics n
mechanika
a branch of physics

mechanism /ˈmek.ə.nɪ.zəm/ /ˈmɛk.ə.nɪ.zəm/ [ˈmek.əˌnɪ.zm̩] [ˈmɛk.ə.nɪ.zm̩] n
mechanizm
mechanical means for the conversion or control of motion
mental, chemical, or physical process

mechanistic /ˌmɛkəˈnɪstɪk/ adj
mechanistyczny
by, or as if by, a mechanism

mechanization n
mechanizacja
the use of machinery to replace human or animal labour

mechanize /ˈmɛkənaɪz/ v
mechanizować zmechanizować
to equip with machinery
to make something routine, automatic or monotonous

mechanized infantry n
piechota zmechanizowana
branch of army

mechatronics n
mechatronika
synergistic combination

meconium n
smółka
contents of the fetal intestines

medal /ˈmɛdəl/ [ˈmeɾ.ɫ̩] [ˈmɛd.ɫ̩] [ˈmɛɾ.ɫ̩] n
medal
stamped metal disc

medalist /ˈmɛdəlɪst/ n
medalista medalistka
one who has received a medal

media /ˈmidi.ə/ /ˈmiːdiə/ n
media
means and institutions for publishing and broadcasting information

media studies /ˈmiːdi.ə ˈstʌdiz/ n
medioznawstwo
academic discipline

median /ˈmi.di.ən/ /ˈmiː.dɪən/ [ˈmɪi.di.ən] n
mediana
statistics: measure of central tendency

mediator /ˈmidieɪtɚ/ n
mediator mediatorka rozjemca rozjemczyni
one who negotiates between parties seeking mutual agreement
mediator neuromediator neuroprzekaźnik neurotransmiter
a chemical substance transmitting information to a targeted cell

medical /ˈmɛdɪkl̩/ adj
medyczny lekarski
of the practice of medicine

medical condition n
stan chorobowy stan zdrowia
a medically measurable disorder

medical history n
karta pacjenta
details about patient's previous medical experiences

medical school n
medyk
school that teaches medicine

medical tourism n
turystyka medyczna
type of tourism

medicalization n
medykalizacja
the act or process of medicalizing

medicalize v
czynić medycznym
to make medical; to convert or reduce to a branch of medicine; especially, to pathologize

medicine /ˈmɛd.s(ɪ)n/ /ˈmɛd.ɪ.s(ɪ)n/ /ˈmɛd.ɪ.sɪn/ /ˈmɛdəs(ə)n/ n
leczenie
treatment or cure
lek lekarstwo medykament
substance which promotes healing
medycyna
field of study
profession

medicine ball n
piłka lekarska
sphere

medicine woman n
babka
shamanistic healer

medick n
lucerna
plant of the genus Medicago

medieval /mɪd.ˈi.vəl/ /mɪd.ˈiː.vəl/ /ˌmiː.di.ˈiː.vəl/ /ˌmɛd.i.ˈiː.vəl/ /ˌmɛdi.ˈi.vəl/ adj
średniowieczny
of or relating to the Middle Ages
having characteristics associated with the Middle Ages

medievalist n
mediewista mediewistka
one who studies culture and history in the Middle Ages

mediocre /ˈmiːdɪˌəʊkə/ /ˌmidiˈoʊkəɹ/ /ˌmiːdɪˈəʊkə/ adj
mierny niespecjalny przeciętny średni
having no peculiar or outstanding features

meditate v
medytować
to contemplate

meditation /mɛdɪˈteɪʃən/ n
medytacja
devotional contemplation
contemplative discourse

mediterranean sea /ˌmɛ.də.təˈɹeɪ.ni.ən ˈsi/ /ˌmɛ.də.təˈɹeɪ.njən ˈsi/ /ˌmɛ.dɪ.təˈɹeɪ.nɪ.ən ˈsiː/ n
morze śródlądowe morze śródziemne
mostly enclosed sea

medium /ˈmiː.di.əm/ adj
średni
of intermediate size

medium /ˈmiː.di.əm/ n
medium
someone who supposedly conveys information from the spirit world

medium dry adj
półwytrawne

medium-sized adj
średni średniogabarytowy średniowymiarowy
having a medium or intermediate size

medium-term adj
średnioterminowy

medlar /ˈmedlɘ/ /ˈmɛdlə/ /ˈmɛdlɚ/ n
nieszpułka
tree Mespilus germanica
fruit of Mespilus

medulla /məˈdulə/ /məˈdʌlə/ /mɛdʌlə/ [məˈdɐlə] [məˈdʉɫə] [mɛˈdɐlə] n
rdzeń przedłużony
the medulla oblongata

medulla oblongata /məˈdulə ˌɑblɑŋˈɡɑtə/ /məˈdʌlə ˌɒblɒŋˈɡɑːtə/ [məˈdʉɫə ˌɑb.ɫɑŋˈɡɑɾə] [məˈdʌlə ˌɔb.lɔŋˈɡɑːtə] n
rdzeń przedłużony
lower portion of the brainstem

meek /mik/ /miːk/ adj
arcyskromny
submissive, dispirited
arcyskromny cichy pokorny
humble, modest, or self-effacing

meekly /miːk.li/ adv
arcyskromnie
quietly

meerkat /ˈmɪəkat/ /ˈmɪəɹkæt/ n
surykatka
small carnivorous mammal

meet /mit/ /miːt/ adj
odpowiedni

meet /mit/ /miːt/ v
poznawać poznać
to get acquainted with
spotykać się spotkać się widzieć się zobaczyć się
to come face to face with someone by arrangement
spotykać spotkać
to come face to face with by accident; to encounter

meeting /ˈmitɪŋ/ /ˈmiːtɪŋ/ [ˈmiɾɪŋ] n
spotkanie meeting mityng
gathering for a purpose

mega- /ˈmeɪɡə/ /ˈmɛɡə/ prefix
mega-
multiplication factor one million

megabyte /ˈmɛɡəˌbaɪt/ n
megabajt
about a million bytes

megagon n
milionokąt
1,000,000-sided polygon

megagram n
megagram
unit of mass equal to 1000 kilograms

megajoule n
megadżul
one million joules

megalodon n
megalodon
extinct shark in species of Carcharocles megalodon

megalomaniac /ˌmɛɡəloʊˈmeɪniæk/ adj
megalomaniczny
of, exhibiting, or affected with megalomania

megalomaniac /ˌmɛɡəloʊˈmeɪniæk/ n
megaloman megalomanka
one affected with or exhibiting megalomania

megaphanerophyte n
megafanerofit

megaphone /ˈmɛɡ.əˌfəʊn/ /ˈmɛɡəˌfoʊn/ n
megafon
portable device used to amplify a person's voice

meiosis /maɪˈoʊ.sɪs/ /maɪˈəʊ.sɪs/ n
mejoza
cell division

meitnerium /maɪtˈnɪəɹi.əm/ n
meitner
chemical element

melancholia n
melancholia

melancholic adj
melancholiczny melancholijny
filled with or affected by melancholy

melancholic n
melancholiczka melancholik
a person who is habitually melancholy

melancholically adv
melancholicznie
in a melancholic manner

melancholy /ˈmɛl.ənˌkɑ.li/ /ˈmɛlənkəli/ n
melancholia
Sadness or depression

melange /-ˈlɑndʒ/ /meɪ-/ /məˈlɑnʒ/ n
melanż mieszanina
collection containing a variety of miscellaneous things

melanin /ˈmɛlənɪn/ n
melanina
dark pigment

melanism n
melanizm
congenital excess of melanin pigmentation

melanistic adj
melanistyczny

melanoma /mɛləˈnoʊmə/ n
czerniak czerniak złośliwy
type of skin tumor

melasma n
ostuda melanodermia
dark skin discoloration common during pregnancy

melatonin /ˌmɛləˈtoʊnɪn/ n
melatonina
hormone

melee /meɪˈleɪ/ /məˈleɪ/ /ˈmeɪˌleɪ/ /ˈmɛ.li/ /ˈmɛˌleɪ/ n
walka wręcz
Hand-to-hand combat

melissa /məˈlɪsə/ n
melisa rojownik
plant of genus Melissa

melo- prefix
melo-

melodeclamation n
melodeklamacja

melodious /məˈləʊdiəs/ adj
melodyjny
having a pleasant melody

melodious warbler n
zaganiacz szczebiotliwy zaganiacz wielomówny
Hippolais polyglotta

melodiously adv
melodyjnie
in a melodious manner

melodiousness n
melodyjność
the property of being melodious

melodrama /ˈmɛləˌdɹɑːmə/ n
melodramat
romantic drama

melody /ˈmɛl.ə.di/ n
melodia
sequence of notes that makes up a musical phrase

melomaniac /ˌmɛlə(ʊ)ˈmeɪnɪak/ n
meloman melomanka
one with an abnormal fondness of music; person who loves music

melon /ˈmɛlən/ n
melon
fruit
melony
slang: breasts

melt /mɛlt/ v
rozpływać się topić się
to be very hot and sweat profusely
roztapiać stapiać topić roztopić
transitive: to change something from a solid to a liquid
topnieć stopić się stopnieć topić się
intransitive: (of a solid) to become a liquid

melt down v
przetapiać przetopić
(transitive) to melt fully

melt in the mouth adj
miód w gębie niebo w gębie
deliciously soft and creamy, needing little chewing

melt in the mouth v
rozpływać się w ustach
to be deliciously soft and creamy, need little chewing

melt pond /ˈmɛlt ˌpɑnd/ /ˈmɛlt ˌpɒnd/ n
staw stopionej wody
liquid pools on otherwise solid ice

meltdown n
stopienie rdzenia reaktora jądrowego
severe overheating of the core of a nuclear reactor

melting point n
temperatura topnienia
temperature at which solid and liquid phases are in equilibrium

melting pot n
tygiel
crucible or similar pot
place where many divergent things come together and are homogenized

member /ˈmɛmbə/ /ˈmɛmbɚ/ n
członek
organ, limb
penis
członek członkini
one who officially belongs to a group

member state n
państwo członkowskie
state that is a member of a confederation

membership n
członkostwo
fact of being a member

membership card n
karta członkowska
card held by a member

membrane /ˈmɛm.bɹeɪn/ n
membrana
mechanical part
membrana błona błonka zakrywka
enclosing or separating tissue

membranogenic adj
błonkotwórczy błonotwórczy

membranous /ˈmɛm.bɹən.əs/ adj
błoniasty błonkowaty
pertaining to a membrane

meme /miːm/ n
mem
unit of cultural information
media copied and circulated online

memetics /mɛˈmɛtɪks/ n
memetyka
study of memes

memo /ˈmɛmoʊ̯/ /ˈmɛməʊ̯/ n
notatka zapisek
a short note

memoir /ˈmɛmˌwɑɹ/ /ˈmɛmˌwɑː/ /ˈmɛmˌwɔːɹ/ /ˈmɛmˌɔɪəɹ/ n
pamiętnik
book describing the personal experiences of an author

memoization n
memoizacja

memorable /ˈmɛm(ə)ɹəbl̩/ adj
pamiętny
worthy of being remembered

memorandum /ˌmɛm.əˈɹæn.dəm/ n
memorandum
brief diplomatic communication
notatka zapisek
short note serving as a reminder

memorial /məˈmoʊɹi.əl/ /məˈmɔːɹi.əl/ n
miejsce pamięci pomnik
structure

memorization n
zapamiętywanie
act of committing something to memory

memorize /ˈmɛm.əɹˌaɪ̯z/ v
nauczyć się na pamięć zapamiętać zapamiętywać
to commit to memory, to learn by heart

memory /ˈmɛm(ə)ɹi/ /ˈmɪm(ə)ɹi/ n
pamięć
ability to recall
RAM or ROM
wspomnienie pamięć
stored record

memory card n
karta pamięci
expansion memory module

memory lane /ˈmɛm(ə)ɹi ˌleɪn/ n
powspominać
set of recollections available to be reviewed

memory leak n
wyciek pamięci
fault in memory allocation

memory of a goldfish n
pamięć złotej rybki
a very poor memory

memory stick n
karta pamięci
memory card, flash card

men /mɛn/ /mɪn/ n
ludzie
human people

menace /ˈmɛnɪs/ n
groźba zagrożenie
perceived threat or danger
zmora
annoying and bothersome person

menace /ˈmɛnɪs/ v
grozić
to make threats against, to intimidate

menagerie /mɪˈnæd͡ʒəɹɪ/ /mɪˈnæʒəɹɪ/ n
menażeria
diverse or miscellaneous group
menażeria zwierzyniec
collection of live wild animals on exhibition; the enclosure where they are kept

menaion n
Mineja
liturgical cycle

mend /mɛnd/ /mɪnd/ v
cerować zacerować
to repair a tear in clothing
naprawić naprawiać
to repair

mendelevium /ˌmɛndəˈliːviəm/ n
mendelew
chemical element

mendicant /ˈmɛn.dɪ.kənt/ adj
mendykancki żebraczy
of or pertaining to a member of a religious order who begs
żebraczy
of or pertaining to a beggar
żebrzący
depending on alms

mendicant /ˈmɛn.dɪ.kənt/ n
mendykant
friar
żebrak żebraczka
beggar

menhir /ˈmɛnhɪə/ /ˈmɛnˌ(h)ɪ(ə)ɹ/ n
menhir
single tall standing stone as a monument

meningioma n
oponiak
tumour

meningitis /ˌmɛnɪnˈdʒaɪtɪs/ n
zapalenie opon mózgowych
inflammation of the meninges

meningococcus n
meningokok
Neisseria meningitidis

meninx /ˈmi.nɪŋks/ /ˈmiː.nɪŋks/ /ˈmɛn.ɪŋks/ n
opona mózgowo-rdzeniowa
membrane

meniscus /mə.ˈnɪs.kəs/ /mɛ.ˈnɪs.kəs/ n
menisk łękotka
the curved surface of liquids
łękotka
either of two parts of the human knee

menopause /ˈmɛnoʊpɔːz/ /ˈmɛnəpɔːz/ n
przekwitanie klimakterium menopauza
ending of menstruation

menorah /mɪˈnɔːɹə/ n
menora
seven-branch candelabrum

mensch /mɛnt͡ʃ/ n
morus równiacha równiak równy gość swój chłop
person of strength, integrity and compassion

menses /ˈmɛn.siːz/ n
krwawienie miesięczne
menstrual flow

mensiversary n
miesięcznica
day that is an exact month (or specified number of months) since the occurrence of an event

menstrual /ˈmɛn.stɹu.əl/ /ˈmɛn.stɹəl/ adj
miesiączkowy
of or having to do with the menses

menstrual cup /ˈmɛn.stɹu.əl kʌp/ n
kubeczek menstruacyjny
receptacle to collect menstrual fluid

menstrual pad n
podpaska
pad used to absorb menstrual flow

menstruate /ˈmɛnstɹəˌweɪt/ /ˈmɛnstɹʊeɪt/ /ˌmɛnstɹuˈeɪt/ /ˌmɛnˈstɹeɪt/ v
miesiączkować
to undergo menstruation

menstruation /-stɹəˈweɪ-/ /ˌmɛnstɹuˈeɪʃən/ /ˌmɛnstɹuːˈeɪʃən/ /ˌmɛnstɹʊˈeɪʃən/ /ˌmɛnˈstɹeɪʃən/ n
menstruacja miesiączka okres
periodic discharging of the menses

mental /ˈmɛn.təl/ [ˈmɛnɘl] [ˈmɛɾ̃ɘl] adj
psychiczny umysłowy mentalny
relating to the mind

mental hospital n
szpital psychiatryczny dom wariatów psychiatryk wariatkowo
facility designed to treat persons with mental disorders

mental illness n
choroba psychiczna zaburzenie psychiczne
property (uncountable)

mental image n
obraz mentalny

mentality /-ɪti/ /mənˈtæləti/ /mɛnˈtæləti/ n
mentalność
mindset

mentally /ˈmɛntəli/ adv
umysłowo psychicznie
in a mental manner

mentally ill adj
nienormalny
having psychological disorder

menthol /ˈmɛnθɒl/ n
mentol
cyclic monoterpene alcohol

mention /ˈmɛnʃən/ n
wzmianka
a speaking or notice of anything, usually in a brief or cursory manner

mention /ˈmɛnʃən/ v
wspominać wspomnieć
make a short reference to something

mentionable adj
cenzuralny parlamentarny
suitable to be openly talked about, or mentioned; not taboo

menu /ˈmɛnju/ /ˈmɛnjuː/ n
jadłospis menu spis dań
list of dishes offered in a restaurant
menu
computing: list from which the user may select an operation to be performed
details of the food to be served at a banquet

meow /miˈaʊ̯/ /mjaʊ̯/ interjection
miau
cry of a cat

meow /miˈaʊ̯/ /mjaʊ̯/ n
miauczenie miauk
cry of a cat

meow /miˈaʊ̯/ /mjaʊ̯/ v
miauczeć
of a cat, to make its cry

mephedrone n
mefedron
drug

mercenary /ˈmɜː.sə.nə.ɹi/ /ˈmɜː.sən.ɹi/ /ˈmɝsəˌnɛɹi/ n
najemnik najemnica
person employed to fight

merchandise /-daɪz/ /ˈmɜːt͡ʃəndaɪs/ /ˈmɝt͡ʃəndaɪs/ n
towar artykuł dobro produkt
goods offered for sale

merchant /ˈmɜːtʃənt/ /ˈmɝt͡ʃənt/ n
kupiec
person who traffics in commodities

merchant navy n
flota handlowa
civilian naval fleet

merciful /ˈmɜːsɪfl̩/ /ˈmɝsɪfl̩/ adj
miłosierny litościwy miłościwy
showing mercy

merciless /ˈmɜːsɪləs/ /ˈmɝsɪləs/ adj
bezlitosny bezpardonowy bezwzględny niemiłosierny
showing no mercy; cruel and pitiless

mercilessly /ˈmɜːsɪləslɪ/ adv
bezlitośnie bezpardonowo
in a merciless manner

mercilessness n
bezlitosność bezpardonowość bezwzględność niemiłosierność
the property of being merciless

mercury /ˈmɜː(ɹ)kjʊɹi/ /ˈmɝk(ə)ɹi/ /ˈmɝkjəɹi/ n
rtęć żywe srebro
element
szczyr
Mercurialis gen. et spp.

mercury-vapour lamp n
lampa rtęciowa rtęciówka
a gaseous discharge lamp

mercuryless adj
bezrtęciowy

mercy /ˈmɜːsi/ /ˈmɝsi/ n
litość miłosierdzie
forgiveness or compassion
miłosierdzie
relenting; forbearance to cause or allow harm to another
tendency toward forgiveness

mere exposure effect n
efekt czystej ekspozycji

mere mortal n
zwykły śmiertelnik
ordinary person

merely /ˈmɪəli/ /ˈmɪɹli/ adv
tylko jedynie ino jeno
only, just, and nothing more

merger /ˈmɜː.d͡ʒə/ /ˈmɝ.d͡ʒɚ/ n
fuzja
the act or process of merging

mericarp n
rozłupka rozłupki
an individual carpel of a schizocarp

meridian /məˈɹɪ.di.ən/ /məˈɹɪ.dɪ.ən/ /mɪ-/ n
południk
great circle on the Earth’s surface, passing through the geographic poles

meridional /mɪˈɹɪdɪənəl/ adj
południkowy
Along a north-south direction, or relative to a meridian; or relating to meridians or a meridian

meridionally adv
południkowo
with regard to the direction of a meridian

meringue /məˈɹæŋ/ n
beza
mixture
shell

meristem n
merystem tkanka twórcza
zone of active cell division

merit /ˈmɛɹət/ /ˈmɛɹɪt/ n
zaleta
claim to commendation or a reward
zasługa
something deserving or worthy of positive recognition or reward

meritocracy /mɛɹəˈtɑkɹəsi/ /mɛɹɪˈtɒkɹəsi/ n
merytokracja
rule by merit

merle /mɜːl/ /mɝl/ n
kos kos zwyczajny
The Eurasian blackbird, Turdus merula

merlin /ˈmɝlɪn/ n
drzemlik
small falcon

merlon /ˈmɜːlən/ /ˈmɝl(ə)n/ n
blanka blank ząb
any of the upright projections between the embrasures of a battlement

mermaid /ˈmɜːˌmeɪd/ /ˈmɝ.meɪd/ n
rusałka syrena boginka panna wodna
mythological woman with a fish’s tail

merman n
tryton
legendary creature

meromorphic adj
meromorficzny

meromorphically adv
w meromorficzny sposób

meronym /ˈmɛɹənɪm/ n
meronim
word denoting part of whole

meronymous adj
meronimiczny
relating to meronyms

meronymy n
meronimia
system of meronyms

meroplankton n
meroplankton
planktonic organisms

meroplanktonic adj
meroplanktoniczny
of or pertaining to meroplankton

merperson n
syrena
mythological creature

merrily /ˈmɛɹɪli/ adv
wesoło
in a cheerful or merry manner

merry /ˈmeɪɹi/ /ˈmeɹi/ /ˈmɛɹi/ adj
wesoły
jolly and full of high-spirits

merry Christmas phraseologicalUnit
Wesołych Świąt Wesołych Świąt Bożego Narodzenia
good wishes at Christmas time

merry-go-round /ˈmɛ.ɹi.ɡoʊ.ɹaʊnd/ /ˈmɛ.ɹi.ɡə.ɹaʊnd/ n
karuzela
carousel

mesentery /ˈmɛs.ən.təɹ.i/ /ˈmɛs.ən.tɹi/ /ˈmɛs.ənˌtɛɹ.i/ /ˈmɛz.ənˌtɛɹ.i/ n
krezka
the membrane that attaches the intestines to the wall of the abdomen

mesh /mɛʃ/ n
siatka sieć
structure

mesmerizing adj
zachwycający

mesocarp n
mezokarp

meson /ˈ-sɒn/ /ˈmiːzɒn/ /ˈmɛ-/ n
mezon
elementary particle

mesophanerophyte n
mezofanerofit
any phanerophyte between about 8 and 30 metres in height

mesosphere n
mezosfera
layer of the Earth's atmosphere

mesothorax n
śródtułowie śródtułów
the middle of the three segments of the thorax of an insect

mess /mɛs/ n
bałagan nieporządek nieład burdel bardach bardak
confusion of things

mess around v
bałaganić
To fiddle idly, to waste time

mess kit n
niezbędnik
set of eating utensils

message /ˈmɛsɪd͡ʒ/ n
przekaz wydźwięk
underlying theme
wiadomość komunikat posłanie
communication, concept or information conveyed

message board n
forum dyskusyjne
Internet system
tablica informacyjna tablica ogłoszeń
board on which messages may be posed

messenger /ˈmɛs.n̩.d͡ʒə/ /ˈmɛs.n̩.d͡ʒɚ/ n
kurier posłaniec goniec poseł posłannik wysłaniec
one who brings messages

messiah /məˈsaɪ.ə/ n
mesjasz
ordained to lead the people of Israel
an extremely powerful divine figure

messianic /ˌmɛsaɪˈænɪk/ adj
mesjaniczny mesjanistyczny mesjański
of, relating to, or resembling messianism
mesjański
of, relating to, or resembling a messiah or the Messiah

messianism n
mesjanizm
the belief in a messiah

messily adv
bałaganiarsko

messy /ˈmɛsi/ adj
niechlujny bałaganiarski zasyfiony
in a disorderly state; causing mess or confusion; chaotic; disorderly

meta- /məˈtæ/ /mɪˈta/ /mɪˈtæ/ prefix
meta-
having analogies with metaphysics
pertaining to a level above or beyond; reflexive or recursive; about itself or about other things of the same type
transcending, encompassing

meta-analysis n
metaanaliza
statistics

metabolic /mɛtəˈbɒlɪk/ adj
metaboliczny
of or pertaining to metabolism

metabolism /məˈtæb.əˌlɪz.əm/ /mɪˈtab.ə.lɪz.əm/ /mɪˈtæb.ə.lɪz.əm/ [məˈtæb.əˌlɪz.m̩] [mɪˈtab.ə.lɪz.m̩] [mɪˈtæb.ə.lɪz.m̩] n
metabolizm przemiana materii
complete set of chemical reactions that occur in living cells

metabolite /mɪˈtæbəlaɪt/ n
metabolit
any substance produced by, or taking part in, a metabolic reaction

metacarpus n
śródręcze
five bones of the palm

metaclass n
metaklasa
object-oriented programming

metacognition n
metakognicja
thinking about thinking

metadata /ˈmet.əˌdæɪ.tə/ /ˈmɛt.əˌdeɪ.tə/ [ˈmet.əˌdæɪ.ɾə] [ˈmɛɾ.əˌdeɪ.ɾə] n
metadane
data that describes data

metaepistemology n
metaepistemologia

metafiction n
metafikcja
form of self-referential literature

metal /ˈmɛtəl/ n
metal
atomic element or material made of such atoms
certain category of rock music

metal detector n
bramka wykrywacz metali
a structure, similar to a doorway
wykrywacz metali
a hand-held device

metalanguage n
metajęzyk
computing term
linguistical term

metalepsis n
metalepsja
strict sense

metalhead n
metalowiec
one who listens to (is a fan of) heavy metal music

metalinguistic adj
metajęzykowy
pertaining to metalinguistics
treating words as words, rather than interacting with their meaning

metallic /məˈtæl.ɪk/ /mɪˈtæl.ɪk/ adj
metalowy
related to metal
made of metal

metalliferous adj
kruszcodajny kruszconośny
containing a metallic element

metallize v
metalizować
to coat, treat or impregnate a non-metallic object with metal

metalloid /ˈmɛtəlɔɪd/ n
metaloid półmetal
element

metallurgical /ˌmɛtəˈlɜː(ɹ)dʒɪkəl/ adj
metalurgiczny
of or relating to metallurgy

metallurgist n
metalurg hutnik
person skilled in metallurgy

metallurgy /məˈtæl.ə.d͡ʒi/ /məˈtælədʒi/ /ˈmɛt.əˌlɚ.d͡ʒi/ /ˈmɛtəˌlɝdʒi/ n
metalurgia
science of metals

metamorph n
metabolit

metamorphic /ˌmɛt.əˈmɔɹ.fɪk/ adj
metamorficzny
geology: resulting from intense heat and/or pressure
characterised by change

metamorphic rock n
skały metamorficzne
one of the major groups of rock that makes up the crust of the Earth

metamorphosis /ˌmɛtəmɔːˈfəʊsɪs/ /ˌmɛtəˈmɔːfəsɪs/ /ˌmɛɾəˈmɔɹfəsɪs/ n
metamorfoza przemiana
transformation

metaphase n
metafaza

metaphor /ˈmɛ.tə.fə/ /ˈmɛ.tə.fɚ/ /ˈmɛt.ə.fɔɹ/ /ˈmɛt.ə.fɔː/ n
metafora przenośnia
countable: word or phrase used in metaphor
uncountable: figure of speech

metaphorical /ˌmɛtəˈfɒɹɪkəl/ /ˌmɛtəˈfɔːɹɪkəl/ adj
metaforyczny
pertaining to a metaphor

metaphorically adv
metaforycznie w przenośni
in a metaphoric manner

metaphysical /ˌmɛtəˈfɪzɪkəl/ adj
metafizyczny
of or pertaining to metaphysics

metaphysical naturalism n
naturalizm metafizyczny
the view that there is nothing but natural elements, principles, and relations

metaphysically adv
metafizycznie
in a metaphysical manner

metaphysician n
metafizyk
A philosopher who specializes in the scholarly study of metaphysics

metaphysics /mɛtəˈfɪzɪks/ n
metafizyka
branch of philosophy that studies first principles

metapoem n
metawiersz

metapoetic adj
metapoetycki

metapoetically adv
metapoetycko

metapoetry n
metapoezja

metastasis /mɪˈtæstəsɪs/ n
metastaza przerzut
transference of a bodily function or disease to another part of the body

metatarsus /ˌmɛtəˈtɑː(ɹ)səs/ n
śródstopie
part of the foot between the toes and the ankle

metathesis /mə.ˈtæ.θə.sɪs/ /mɛ.ˈtæ.θə.sɪs/ [mə.ˈtʰæ.θə.səs] [mɛ.ˈtʰæ.θə.sɪs] n
metateza
the breaking and reforming of double bonds in olefins in which substituent groups are swapped
przestawka metateza
the transposition of letters, syllables or sounds within a word

mete /miːt/ v
mierzyć pomierzyć zmierzyć
To measure
wymierzać wymierzyć
To dispense

mete out v
rozdzielać
to distribute something in portions

metempsychosis /mɛtəmsʌɪˈkəʊsɪs/ n
metempsychoza
Transmigration of the soul

meteor /ˈmiːtiɔɹ/ /ˈmiːtiɚ/ /ˈmiːtɪ.ə/ /ˈmiːtɪɔː/ [ˈmiːɾiɚ] n
meteor spadająca gwiazda
streak of light

meteor shower n
rój meteorów
Meteors seen on Earth for short time period

meteorite /-ɾi-/ /ˈmi.ti.əˌɹaɪt/ /ˈmiː.tɪ.ə.ɹaɪt/ n
meteoryt
remains of a meteor

meteoritics /miːtɪəˈɹɪtɪks/ n
meteorytyka
science of meteors, meteorites and meteoroids

meteoroid n
meteoroid
small debris in a star system

meteorological /ˌmitiəɹəˈlɑd͡ʒɪkl̩/ /ˌmiːtɪəɹəˈlɒd͡ʒɪkl̩/ adj
meteorologiczny
relating to meteorology

meteorologist n
meteorolog
person who studies meteorology

meteorology /ˌmiːti.əˈɹɑləd͡ʒi/ /ˌmiːtɪəˈɹɒləd͡ʒi/ n
meteorologia
science

meteotsunami n
meteotsunami

meter /ˈmitəɹ/ /ˈmiːtə/ [ˈmiɾɚ] n
metr metrum miara
rhythm of poetry
metrum
increment of music
miernik
measuring instrument

metformin /mɛtˈfɔɹ.mɪn/ /mɛtˈfɔː.mɪn/ n
metformina

methadone /ˈmɛθ.əd.əʊn/ /ˈmɛθ.əˌdoʊn/ n
metadon
synthetic opioid analgesic

methamidophos n
metamidofos
insecticide

methamphetamine /ˌmɛθæmˈfɛtəˌmiːn/ /ˌmɛθæmˈfɛtəˌmɪn/ n
metamfetamina
the drug (S)-N-methyl-1-phenylpropan-2-amine

methane /ˈmiːθeɪn/ /ˈmɛθeɪn/ n
metan
the compound CH₄

methanol n
alkohol metylowy metanol
the simplest aliphatic alcohol, CH₃OH

methionine /-ˌnaɪn/ /mɛˈθaɪəˌniːn/ /mɪˈθʌɪəniːn/ /mɪˈθʌɪənɪn/ n
metionina
amino acid

method /ˈmɛθəd/ n
metoda
(programming) subroutine or function in object-oriented languages
metoda sposób
process by which a task is completed

methodical adj
metodyczny
in an organized manner

methodological /ˌmeθ.ə.dəˈlɔd͡ʒ.ɪ.kəl/ /ˌmɛθ.ə.dəˈlɑ.d͡ʒɪ.kəl/ /ˌmɛθ.ə.dəˈlɒd͡ʒ.ɪ.kəl/ adj
metodologiczny
of, pertaining to, or using methodology

methodology /ˌmɛθ.əˈdɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/ /ˌmɛθ.əˈdɒl.ə.d͡ʒi/ /ˌmɛθ.ɪˈdɑ.lɪ.d͡ʒi/ n
metodologia
the study of methods used in a field
metodyka metodologia
a collection of methods, practices, procedures and rules used by those who work in some field

methyl /ˈmiːθaɪl/ /ˈmiːθɪl/ /ˈmɛθaɪl/ /ˈmɛθəl/ /ˈmɛθɪl/ n
metyl
univalent hydrocarbon radical, CH₃

methyl alcohol n
alkohol metylowy

methylated spirit n
denaturat
ethyl alcohol used as a fuel and a solvent

methylation /ˌmɛθɪˈleɪʃən/ n
metylacja
addition of a methyl group

methylic adj
metylowy

methylmercury n
metylortęć
a bioaccumulative organometallic cation

metic /ˈmɛtək/ /ˈmɛtɪk/ [ˈmɛɾək] n
metojk
resident alien in ancient Greece

meticulous /mɪˈtɪkjuləs/ /mɪˈtɪkjɪlɪs/ adj
drobiazgowy skrupulatny
characterized by very precise, conscientious attention to details

meticulously adv
drobiazgowo skrupulatnie
meticulously

metonymy /mɪˈtɑnəmi/ /mɪˈtɒnəmi/ n
metonimia
figure of speech

metre /ˈmiːtə/ /ˈmiːtəɹ/ [ˈmiːɾɚ] n
metr
unit of length
metrum
rhythm or measure in verse and musical composition

metric /ˈmɛt.ɹɪk/ adj
metryczny
relating to metric system

metric /ˈmɛt.ɹɪk/ n
metryka
notion in mathematics

metric space n
przestrzeń metryczna
space (mathematics)

metric ton n
tona
unit of mass equal to 1000 kilograms

metrical /ˈmɛtɹɪkl̩/ adj
metryczny
relating to poetic meter

metrical foot n
stopa
basic unit of verse

metro station n
stacja metra
railway station for a rapid transit system

metrologist n
metrolog
one who studies of practices metrology

metrology /mɛtˈɹɒl.ə.d͡ʒɪ/ /mɛˈtɹɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/ n
metrologia
science of measurement

metronome /ˈmɛtɹəˌnoʊm/ /ˈmɛtɹəˌnəʊm/ n
metronom
a device used in music

metrophobia n
fobia miast

metropolis /məˈtɹɑ.pə.ləs/ /məˈtɹɑ.pə.lɪs/ /mɪˈtɹɒ.pə.lɪs/ n
metropolia
large, busy city
colony’s mother city

metropolitan /mɛ.tɹəˈpɑ.lɪ.tən/ /mɛ.tɹəˈpɒ.lɪ.tən/ adj
metropolitalny stołeczny
pertaining to a metropolis

metropolitan /mɛ.tɹəˈpɑ.lɪ.tən/ /mɛ.tɹəˈpɒ.lɪ.tən/ n
metropolita
bishop empowered to oversee other bishops

metrosexual n
metroseksualny
man concerned with personal appearance

mew /mju/ /mjuː/ n
mewa
gull or seagull

mezereon /məˈzɪəriən/ n
wawrzynek wilczełyko
shrub

mezuzah /məˈzuːzɔː/ n
mezuza
piece of parchment attached to the doorpost of a house

mezzanine /ˈmɛtsə-/ /ˈmɛzəniːn/ /ˈmɛzəˌnin/ /ˈmɛzˌnin/ /ˌmɛzəˈnin/ /ˌmɛzəˈniːn/ /ˌmɛzˈnin/ n
antresola półpiętro
intermediate floor or storey in between the main floors of a building; specifically, one that is directly above the ground floor which does not extend over the whole floorspace of the building

miasma /maɪˈæzmə/ /miˈæzmə/ n
miazmat
noxious atmosphere or influence
wyziew
noxious emanation that originates from swamps and causes disease

miasmatic /ˌmaɪəzˈmætɪk/ adj
miazmatyczny
having the nature of miasma

mica /ˈmaɪ.kə/ n
mika łyszczyk
hydrous aluminosilicate minerals

micellar adj
micelarny

micelle /maɪˈsɛl/ /məˈsɛl/ n
micela
colloidal aggregate

micro- /maɪˈkɹɒ-/ /ˈmaɪkɹoʊ-/ /ˈmaɪkɹə-/ prefix
mikro-
one millionth
very small

micro-region n
mikroregion
administrative system

microbe /ˈmaɪkɹoʊb/ n
mikroorganizm mikrob drobnoustrój zarazek
microorganism

microbiology n
mikrobiologia
branch of biology dealing with microorganisms

microcephaly n
małogłowie mikrocefalia
neurological disorder

microcomputer n
mikrokomputer
computer designed around a microprocessor

microdot n
mikrokropka
image that has been reduced in size to that of a dot

microeconomics /ˌmaɪkɹəʊˌiːkəˈnɒnɪks/ /ˌmaɪkɹəʊˌɛkəˈnɒnɪks/ n
mikroekonomia
study of small-scale economic activities

microflora n
mikroflora
microscopic plant life

microgram n
mikrogram
µg

microgravity n
mikrograwitacja
very low gravity

micrometer /maɪˈkɹɑmɪtəɹ/ /maɪˈkɹɒmɪtə/ [maɪˈkɹɑmɪɾɚ] n
mikrometr
instrument

micrometer /ˈmaɪkɹoʊˌmiːtəɹ/ /ˈmaɪkɹəˌmiːtə/ [ˈmaɪkɹoʊˌmiːɾɚ] n
mikrometr
one millionth of a meter

micromobility n
mikromobilność
transportation over short distance

micronova /ˈmaɪ.kɹo.noʊ.və/ /ˈmaɪ.kɹo.nəʊ.və/ n
mikronowa
stellar phenomenon

microorganism /ˌmaɪ.kɹoʊˈɔɹ.ɡəˌnɪz.m̩/ /ˌmaɪ.kɹəʊˈɔː.ɡəˌnɪz.m̩/ n
mikroorganizm
an organism too small to be seen by unaided eye

micropaleontology n
mikropaleontologia
the study of microfossils

microparticle n
mikrocząstka
extremely small particle

microphanerophyte n
mikrofanerofit
any phanerophyte between about 2 and 8 metres in height

microphone /ˈmaɪ.kɹəˌfoʊn/ /ˈmaɪ.kɹəˌfəʊn/ n
mikrofon
transducer of sound waves to electricity

microprocessor n
mikroprocesor
the entire CPU of a computer on a chip

microscope /ˈmaɪ.kɹəˌskoʊp/ /ˈmaɪ.kɹəˌskəʊp/ n
mikroskop
an optical instrument

microscopic /ˌmaɪ.kɹə.ˈskɑpɪk/ adj
mikroskopijny
so small that it can only be seen using a microscope

microscopy /maɪˈkɹɑs.kə.pi/ /maɪˈkɹɒs.kə.pi/ n
mikroskopia
study of microscopes

microtubule n
mikrotubula
microscopic tube in cells

microwave /ˈmaɪkɹəʊˌweɪv/ /ˈmaɪkɹəˌweɪv/ n
mikrofala
electromagnetic wave

microwave oven /ˈmaɪkɹə(ʊ)ˌweɪv ˈʌv(ə)n/ n
kuchenka mikrofalowa mikrofalówka
oven using microwave energy

microzyma /ˈmaɪkɹəʊˌzaɪmə/ n
mikrozyma
Any pleomorphic organism

micrurgy n
manipulacja komórkami instrumentem

mid-life crisis n
kryzys wieku średniego
emotional period of doubt

midbrain n
śródmózgowie
part of brain

middle /ˈmɘdɘl/ /ˈmɪdəl/ [ˈmə.dɯ(ɫ)] [ˈmə.ɾ-] [ˈmɪ.dəɫ] [ˈmɪ.dʊ] [ˈmɪ.ɾɫ̩] [ˈmɪ̝.dəɫ] [ˈmɪ̝.dʊ] [ˈmɪ̝.ɾ-] adj
środkowy
located in the middle; in between

middle /ˈmɘdɘl/ /ˈmɪdəl/ [ˈmə.dɯ(ɫ)] [ˈmə.ɾ-] [ˈmɪ.dəɫ] [ˈmɪ.dʊ] [ˈmɪ.ɾɫ̩] [ˈmɪ̝.dəɫ] [ˈmɪ̝.dʊ] [ˈmɪ̝.ɾ-] n
środek
part between beginning and end
środek serce
centre, midpoint

middle C n
środkowe C
musical note, 261.626 Hz

middle class n
klasa średnia
social and economic class

middle ear n
ucho środkowe
cavity in the ear

middle finger n
palec środkowy środkowy palec
finger between the forefinger and the ring finger

middle ground n
kompromis płaszczyzna porozumienia rozwiązanie kompromisowe
compromise position between extremes

middle note n
nuta serca
The characteristic parts of a perfume that emerge only after a waiting period

middle of nowhere n
dziura tam, gdzie diabeł mówi dobranoc wygwizdów zadupie
remote place

middle spotted woodpecker n
dzięcioł średni
Dendrocoptes medius

middle voice n
medium strona zwrotna
grammatical form

middle-aged /ˌmɪdl̩ˈeɪd͡ʒd/ adj
w średnim wieku
of, or relating to middle age

middleman [ˈmɪdɫ̩ˌmæn] n
pośrednik
intermediate dealer between manufacturer and the retailer or customer

middlewoman n
pośredniczka
The female equivalent of a middleman; a female intermediary

midfielder n
pomocnik
player

midget /ˈmɪd͡ʒɪt/ n
karzeł karlica liliput liliputka
person of small stature of adult height less than 4'10"
kurdupel
derogatory: any short person

midmonth /ˈmɪdmʌnθ/ n
środek miesiąca

midnight /ˈmɪdnʌɪt/ /ˈmɪdˌnaɪt/ n
północ
12 o'clock at night exactly

midnight mass n
Pasterka
Roman Catholic religious service that marks the beginning of Christmas Day

midnight sun /ˈmɪdnʌɪt sʌn/ /ˈmɪdˌnaɪt sʌn/ n
dzień polarny
phenomenon occurring when Sun does not set

midrib n
żyłka
strengthened vein down the middle of a flower petal or simple leaf or leaflet

midriff n
brzuch
mid section of the human torso

midship n
śródokręcie
noun

midsummer n
śródlecie
The middle of summer

midwife /ˈmɪd.(w)ɪf/ /ˈmɪd.waɪf/ n
akuszerka położna akuszer
person who assists women in childbirth

midwifery /mɪdˈwɪfəɹi/ /ˈmɪdˌwaɪfəɹi/ n
położnictwo akuszeria akuszerstwo
the practice and science of being a midwife

midwinter /ˌmɪdˈwɪntə(ɹ)/ n
przesilenie zimowe
the winter solstice
środek zimy
the middle of winter

mien /miːn/ n
mina
demeanor; facial expression or attitude, especially one which is intended by its bearer
specific facial expression

miffed /mɪft/ adj
poirytowany
somewhat indignant, irritated, angry, put out or annoyed

might /maɪt/ n
moc potęga
personal power
siła
physical strength
zdolność
ability

might /maɪt/ v
można by
indicator of conditional or possible actions

might as well /maɪt æzˈwɛl/ /maɪzˈwɛl/ v
równie dobrze móc

might makes right proverb
kto bogatemu zabroni
morality cannot question the powerful

mighty /ˈmaɪti/ [ˈmʌɪɾi] adj
mocarny potężny
very strong, possessing might

mignonette /ˌmɪnjəˈnɛt/ n
rezeda wonna
the plant Reseda odorata

migraine /ˈmaɪɡɹeɪn/ /ˈmiːɡɹeɪn/ n
migrena
headache usually affecting only one side of the head

migrant /ˈmaɪɡɹənt/ n
migrant migrantka
person moving from one region or country to another

migrant worker n
bandos bandoska
agricultural worker

migration /maɪˈɡɹeɪʃ(ə)n/ n
migracja
moving a place to live to another
seasonal moving of animals, birds or fish

migratory /ˈmaɪ.ɡɹəˌtɔɹ.i/ /ˌmaɪˈɡɹeɪ.tə.ɹi/ adj
przelotny
(of birds, etc) that migrate

mikado /mɪˈkɑːdəʊ/ n
mikado
emperor of Japan

mikveh /ˈmɪkfə/ /ˈmɪkvə/ n
mykwa
ritual bath in which various Jewish purifications are performed

milch /mɪlt͡ʃ/ adj
dojny mleczny
giving milk

mild /ˈmaɪld/ adj
łagodny
gentle; pleasant; kind; soft

mildew /ˈmɪl.d(j)u/ /ˈmɪl.djuː/ n
pleśń
growth of minute fungi

mildew /ˈmɪl.d(j)u/ /ˈmɪl.djuː/ v
pleśnieć spleśnieć
to become tainted with mildew

mile /maɪ̯l/ [maɪ̯ɫ] n
mila
measure of length

mileage /ˈmaɪləd͡ʒ/ /ˈmaɪlɪd͡ʒ/ n
kilometrówka
allowance for travel expenses per distance travelled
przebieg
total distance travelled

milestone /ˈmaɪlstəʊn/ n
kamień milowy
one of a series of numbered markers placed along a road at regular intervals
kamień milowy milowy krok
important event

milfoil n
krwawnik
herb of the genus Achillea

miliaria n
potówka
rash

milieu /-ˈju/ /-ˈjə/ /-ˈjʊ/ /mɪlˈju/ /mɪlˈjɜː/ /ˈmiːljɜː/ n
otoczenie środowisko
social setting

militarism n
militaryzm
an ideology which claims that the military is the foundation of a society's security, and thereby its most important aspect

militarist /ˈmɪl.ə.tə.ɹɪst/ /ˈmɪl.ɪ.tə.ɹɪst/ /ˈmɪl.ɪ.tɹɪst/ [ˈmɪl.ə.ɾə.ɹɪst] n
militarysta
one who believes in military force

militarization n
militaryzacja
process

military /ˈmɪl.ɪ.tɹi/ /ˈmɪl.ɪˌtɛɹ.i/ adj
wojenny
relating to war
wojskowy
(North America) relating to armed forces such as the army, marines, navy and air force
relating to armies or ground forces
wojskowy wojenny
characteristic of members of the armed forces

military /ˈmɪl.ɪ.tɹi/ /ˈmɪl.ɪˌtɛɹ.i/ n
armia wojsko siły zbrojne
armed forces

military exercise n
ćwiczenia wojskowe
war game

military hospital n
szpital wojskowy
hospital that caters to the military

military parade n
defilada wojskowa
A show of troops, especially for regular inspection

military prison n
więzienie wojskowe
prison operated by the military

military rank n
stopień wojskowy
grade conferred upon officers

military service n
służba wojskowa żołnierka
service in an army

military-industrial complex n
kompleks wojskowo-przemysłowy
armed forces and industry

militia /məˈlɪʃə/ n
milicja
army of trained civilians called upon in time of need

militiaman n
milicjant
member of a militia

militiawoman n
milicjantka
female member of a militia

militsia n
milicja
the police in the Soviet Union and related states

milium n
prosak
keratin-filled cyst

milk /mɪlk/ [mɛlk] n
mleko
liquid
liquid from a vegetable source
serving

milk /mɪlk/ [mɛlk] v
doić
to express milk from mammal
to express any liquid

milk chocolate n
czekolada mleczna
chocolate that includes milk powder as one of its ingredients

milk glass n
szkło mleczne
white, opaque glass

milk jug n
mlecznik
woman's breast

milk tea n
herbata z mlekiem
beverage containing a combination of cow's milk and tea

milk thistle n
ostropest ostropest plamisty
Silybum, Silybum marianum

milk tooth n
ząb mleczny mleczak
tooth of the first set of teeth

milker n
dojarka dojarz dojka dójka
person who milks
dojka dójka
dairy cow

milking n
dój udój
the act by which a cow is milked

milking machine n
dojarka
machine

milkmaid /ˈmɪlkmeɪd/ n
dojarka dojka dójka
a young woman who milks the cows on a farm

milkman /ˈmɪlkmən/ n
mleczarz
man who delivers milk early in the morning

milkshake /ˈmɪlk.ʃeɪk/ [ˈmɪɫk.ʃeɪk] n
koktajl mleczny shake
milk and ice cream beverage

milkvetch n
traganek
Astragalus

milkweed n
trojeść
plant of the genus Asclepias

milkwoman n
mleczarka
woman who delivers milk

milkwort n
krzyżownica
Polygala

milky /ˈmɪlki/ adj
mleczny
resembling milk in color or consistency

milky stork n
dławigad malajski
Mycteria cinerea

mill /mɪl/ [mɪɫ] n
fabryka
manufacturing plant
building housing a manufacturing plant
młyn
building housing a grinding apparatus
grinding apparatus

mill /mɪl/ [mɪɫ] v
mleć
grind or process using a mill or other machine

millennial /məˈlɛ.ni.əl/ /mɪˈlɛ.nɪ.əl/ adj
tysiącletni
thousand-year-old; thousands of years old

millennium /mɪˈlɛnɪəm/ n
tysiąclecie milenium
thousand-year period

miller /ˈmɪlə(ɹ)/ /ˈmɪlɚ/ n
młynarz młynarka
person

millet /ˈmɪlɪt/ n
proso
any of a group of various types of grass or its grains used as food

milli- /ˈmɪlɪ/ prefix
mili-
prefix

milligram /ˈmɪlɪɡɹæm/ n
miligram
milligram

millilitre n
mililitr
a unit of volume

millimetre n
milimetr
unit of measure

millimetric adj
milimetrowy
size

milling cutter n
frez
rotary cutting tool

milling machine n
frezarka
machine

million /ˈmɪljən/ [ˈmɪʎən] numeral
milion
cardinal number

millionaire /ˈmɪl.jəˌnɛɹ/ /ˌmɪl.i.əˈnɛə(ɹ)/ /ˌmɪl.jəˈnɛɹ/ n
milioner milionerka
somebody whose wealth is greater than one million

millionth /ˈmɪljənθ/ adj
milionowy
millionth

millipede /ˈmɪləpid/ n
krocionóg stonoga dwuparzec
elongated arthropod

millisecond /ˈmɪlɪˌsɛkənd/ n
milisekunda
one one-thousandth of a second

millstone /ˈmɪlstəʊn/ /ˈmɪlˌstoʊn/ n
kamień młyński
large round stone used for grinding grain

milometer n
drogomierz
odometer in miles

milt /mɪlt/ n
mlecz
fish semen

milter n
mleczak
male fish

mime /maɪm/ n
mim
classical theatrical entertainment
mim mimik pantomimista
pantomime actor
pantomima
pantomime

mimesis /mɪˈmiːsɪs/ n
mimesis
the representation of aspects of the real world, especially human actions

mimic /ˈmɪm.ɪk/ v
imitować
biology: to take on the appearance of another, for protection or camouflage
przedrzeźniać
to imitate, especially in order to ridicule

mimicry /ˈmɪm.ɪk.ɹi/ n
naśladownictwo
the act or ability to simulate the appearance of someone or something else

mimosa /mɪˈmoʊ.sə/ /mɪˈməʊ.sə/ /mɪˈməʊ.zə/ n
mimoza
plant belonging to the genus Mimosa

minarchism /ˈmɪnəˌkɪzəm/ /ˈmɪnɚˌkɪzəm/ n
minarchizm
government with the least necessary power over its citizens

minaret /mɪnəˈɹɛt/ /ˈmɪnəɹɛt/ n
minaret
mosque tower

mince /mɪns/ n
mięso mielone
finely chopped meat

mince /mɪns/ v
mielić
chop fine

mince words v
owijać w bawełnę
to use euphemisms

mind /maɪnd/ n
umysł rozum um
ability for rational thought

mind /maɪnd/ v
mieć coś przeciwko
to dislike, object to, have a contrary opinion toward

mind map n
mapa myśli
diagram

mind mapper n
komputer robiący mapy myśli osoba robiąca mapy myśli

mind-numbing adj
arcynudny
excessively boring

mind-numbingly adv
arcynudno

mindful /ˈmaɪnd.fəl/ /ˈmɑɪnd.fəl/ /ˈmʌɪnd.fəl/ [ˈmaɪnd.fl̩] [ˈmɑɪnd.fl̩] [ˈmʌɪnd.fl̩] adj
pomny
attentive, heedful

mindfulness n
uważność
inclination to be mindful or aware
paying attention on purpose in the present moment

mindless adj
bezrozumny
showing a lack of forethought or sense

mindlessly adv
bezrozumnie
in a mindless manner

mindlessness n
bezrozum bezrozumność

mindset n
sposób myślenia
a way of thinking

mine /maɪ̯n/ n
kopalnia
source of wealth or resources
kopalnia mina
excavation from which ore is extracted
koparka
computing: machine or network used to extract units of cryptocurrency
mina kopalnia
military: exploding device

mine /maɪ̯n/ pronoun
mój
that which belongs to me

mine /maɪ̯n/ v
minować zaminować
to sow mines in
wydobywać
to remove ore from the ground

mine-clearing n
rozminowywanie
the process of removing and neutralizing mines

minecart n
wagonetka
a wheeled container that travels on tracks, used for moving mining materials

minefield n
pole minowe
area in which mines have been hidden
dangerous situation

minelayer n
stawiacz min
ship capable of laying mines

miner /ˈmaɪnə(ɹ)/ n
górnik
person who works in a mine

mineral /ˈmɪn.ə.ɹəl/ /ˈmɪn.ɚ.əl/ /ˈmɪn.ɹəl/ adj
mineralny
relating to or containing minerals

mineral /ˈmɪn.ə.ɹəl/ /ˈmɪn.ɚ.əl/ /ˈmɪn.ɹəl/ n
minerał
in geology
as opposed to animal and vegetable
in nutrition

mineral water n
woda mineralna
water containing dissolved minerals

mineralogy /ˌmɪnəˈɹɑləd͡ʒi/ /ˌmɪnəˈɹɒləd͡ʒi/ n
mineralogia
the study or science of minerals

minesweeper n
saper
vehicle, device or person for the removal of mines
video game

mini- /ˈmɪ.ni/ prefix
mini-
smaller version of an item

miniature /ˈmɪn(i)ət͡ʃəɹ/ /ˈmɪn(i)ət͡ʃʊəɹ/ /ˈmɪnɪtʃə/ n
miniatura
a model of reduced scale
a musical composition which is short in duration
manuscript illustration

miniature golf n
minigolf
informal form of golf

miniature sheet n
blok
smaller-than-normal sheet or pane of usually identical postage stamps

minibus n
mikrobus
a small bus

minify v
pomniejszać
to make smaller

minim /ˈmɪ.nɪm/ n
półnuta
half note

minimal /ˈmɪn.ə.məl/ /ˈmɪn.ɪ.məl/ adj
minimalny
the smallest possible amount, quantity, or degree

minimal pair n
para minimalna
pair of words differing by only one phonetic segment or suprasegment

minimalism n
minimalizm
style of art
style of music

minimalist adj
minimalistyczny
believing in or seeking a minimal state

minimalist n
minimalista
one who believes in or seeks a minimal state

minimap /ˈmɪ.ni.mæp/ n
minimapa
small map in a video game

minimization n
minimalizacja
act of lowering something to its smallest value or extent

minimize /ˈmɪn.ə.maɪz/ /ˈmɪn.əˌmaɪz/ /ˈmɪn.ɪ.maɪz/ v
minimalizować zminimalizować
To make small as possible

minimum wage n
najniższa krajowa płaca minimalna
lowest rate of pay that an employer can legally pay

mining /ˈmaɪnɪŋ/ n
górnictwo
activity of removing solid valuables from the earth

minion /ˈmɪnjən/ n
pachołek pomagier sługus
sycophantic follower
sługa
loyal servant of another more powerful being

miniseries n
miniserial
series with a small number of episodes

miniskirt /ˈmɪnɪskəːt/ n
minispódniczka mini miniówka
skirt

minister /ˈmɪn.əˌstɚ/ /ˈmɪn.ɪ-/ /ˈmɪn.ɪs.tə/ n
minister
politician who heads a ministry
pastor
person who is trained to perform religious ceremonies at a Protestant church

minister of justice n
minister sprawiedliwości

minister without portfolio n
minister bez teki
minister without permanent area of responsibility

ministerial /-ˈstɪəɹ-/ /ˌmɪnəˈstɪɹi.əl/ adj
ministerialny
related to a governmental minister or ministry

ministry /ˈmɪnɪstɹi/ n
ministerstwo
government department

minivan n
minivan
small van

mink /mɪŋk/ n
norka
mammal

mink coat n
futro z norek
coat

minnow /ˈmɪnoʊ/ /ˈmɪnəʊ/ n
płotka
Phoxinus phoxinus
any small fish

minor /ˈmaɪ.nəɹ/ /ˈmaɪnə/ adj
drugorzędny poboczny pomniejszy
lesser in importance
molowy
musical scale with a minor third

minor /ˈmaɪ.nəɹ/ /ˈmaɪnə/ n
nieletni niepełnoletni małoletni małolat małolata małoletnia
someone below the legal age of majority

minor key n
tonacja molowa
music: a musical key based upon a minor scale

minor piece n
lekka figura
A bishop or a knight

minor premise n
subsumpcja
premise

minority /maɪˈnɑɹ.ɪ.ti/ /maɪˈnɒɹ.ɪ.ti/ /maɪˈnɔɹ.ɪ.ti/ /mɪˈnɑɹ.ɪ.ti/ /mɪˈnɒɹ.ɪ.ti/ /mɪˈnɔɹ.ɪ.ti/ n
małoletniość
period or condition of a person prior to reaching adulthood
mniejszość
subgroup that does not form a numerical majority

minotaur /ˈmaɪnəˌtɑɹ/ /ˈmaɪnəˌtɔː(ɹ)/ /ˈmɪnəˌtɑɹ/ /ˈmɪnəˌtɔː(ɹ)/ pn
minotaur
monster with the head of a bull and the body of a man

minstrel /ˈmɪnstɹ(ə)l/ n
minstrel
medieval (especially travelling) entertainer who would recite and sing poetry, often to their own musical accompaniment

minstrel show n
minstrel show
A variety show performed by white people in blackface

mint /mɪnt/ adj
miętowy
colour

mint /mɪnt/ n
fortuna
large amount of money
mennica
money-producing building or institution
mięta
plant
herb flavouring

mint /mɪnt/ v
bić wybić
to reproduce coins

minty /ˈmɪnti/ adj
miętowy

minuend /ˈmɪnjʊˌɛnd/ n
odjemna
number from which another is subtracted

minuet n
menuet
dance
music accompanying the dance

minuetish adj
menuetowy

minus /ˈmaɪnəs/ adj
ujemny
negative

minus /ˈmaɪnəs/ preposition
minus
mathematics: less

minus sign n
minus
symbol used to denote the operation of subtraction and to indicate that a number is negative

minuscule /mɪˈnʌsˌkjul/ /ˈmɪn.jʊˌskjuːl/ /ˈmɪn.əˌskjul/ /ˈmɪn.ʊˌskjuːl/ n
mała litera minuskuła
lower-case letter

minute /maɪˈn(j)ut/ /maɪˈnjuːt/ /məˈn(j)ut/ adj
drobny malutki
very small

minute /ˈmɪnɪt/ n
minuta
unit of angular measure
unit of time
minute of use of telephone network
minuta chwila moment minutka
short but unspecified period of time
notatka protokół
record of meeting

minute hand n
wskazówka minutowa
the hand on a watch or clock which indicates minutes

minute of angle n
minuta
one 60th of a degree

minutes /ˈmɪnɪts/ n
protokół
the official notes kept during a meeting

minyan /ˈmɪn.jən/ n
minjan
minimum number of ten adult Jews required for a communal religious service

mirabelle plum n
mirabelka
Prunus domestica subsp. syriaca

mirabilite n
mirabilit
saline evaporite consisting of sodium sulfate

miracle /ˈmiɹəkəl/ /ˈmɪɹəkəl/ n
cud dziw
wonderful event attributed to supernatural powers

miracle play n
mirakl
miracle play

mirage /mɪˈɹɑːd͡ʒ/ /mɪˈɹɑːʒ/ n
miraż fatamorgana
an optical phenomenon

mire /ˈmaɪə/ /ˈmaɪɚ/ /ˈmaɪɹ/ n
bagno
deep mud

mirepoix /mɪə(ɹ)ˈpwɑː/ /mɪəɹəˈpwɑː/ n
włoszczyzna
combination of vegetables and herbs

mirror /ˈmiɹ.ɚ/ /ˈmə.ɹa/ /ˈmɪ.ɹə/ /ˈmɪɹ.ɚ/ /ˈmɪɹ/ n
lustro zwierciadło
smooth reflecting surface

mirror image n
odbicie lustrzane
reversed image

misadventure n
niepowodzenie

misandry /mɪˈsændɹi/ n
mizoandria
hatred of or prejudice against men

misanthrope /ˈmɪs.ənˌθɹoʊp/ /ˈmɪs.ənˌθɹəʊp/ /ˈmɪz.ənˌθɹoʊp/ /ˈmɪz.ənˌθɹəʊp/ n
mizantrop mizantropka
one who has a negative view of the entire human race

misanthropic /-zən-/ /ˌmɪsənˈθɹɑpɪk/ /ˌmɪsənˈθɹɒpɪk/ adj
mizantropijny
disliking or hating mankind

misanthropy n
mizantropia
negative view of people or mankind

misappropriate /ˌmɪs.əˈpɹoʊ.pɹi.eɪt/ /ˌmɪs.əˈpɹəʊ.pɹɪ.eɪt/ v
sprzeniewierzać sprzeniewierzyć
to use something wrongly, or illegally

misappropriation n
defraudacja malwersacja sprzeniewierzenie
the wrongful, fraudulent or corrupt use of other's funds in one's care

misbaha n
tasbih
set of Islamic prayer beads

misbehave v
broić być niegrzecznym rojbrować łobuzować źle się zachowywać
act in an inappropriate manner

misbehavior /ˌmɪsbəˈheɪvjə/ /ˌmɪsbəˈheɪvjɚ/ n
złe zachowanie
conduct that is inappropriate

miscarriage /ˈmɪs.kæɹ.əd͡ʒ/ /ˈmɪs.kɛɹ.əd͡ʒ/ /ˈmɪskaɹɪd͡ʒ/ n
poronienie
natural termination of pregnancy

miscarriage of justice n
niesprawiedliwy wyrok
error which led to an unjust outcome

miscarry /ˌmɪsˈkæɹi/ v
poronić ronić
to involuntarily abort a foetus

miscellaneous /ˌmɪsəˈleɪnɪəs/ adj
różnorodny różny rozmaity
consisting of a variety of ingredients or parts

mischief /ˈmɪs.t͡ʃiːf/ /ˈmɪs.t͡ʃɪf/ /ˈmɪʃ.t͡ʃiːf/ /ˈmɪʃ.t͡ʃɪf/ n
niegodziwość szkoda
harm or trouble caused by an agent or brought about by a particular cause

miscommunication n
błąd komunikacyjny
interaction between two parties in which information is/was not communicated as desired

miscreant /ˈmɪs.kɹi.ənt/ adj
heretycki
holding an incorrect religious belief
nikczemny podły
lacking in conscience or moral principles; unscrupulous

miscreant /ˈmɪs.kɹi.ənt/ n
heretyczka heretyk
one who holds a false religious belief; an unbeliever
nikczemnik szubrawca szubrawiec łachudra łotr
one not restrained by moral principles

misdeed /mɪsˈdiːd/ n
występek
something wrong done

misdemeanor /ˌmɪsdɪˈmiːnə(ɹ)/ n
wykroczenie występek
small crime

mise en abyme n
autotematyzm

miser /ˈmaɪzə(ɹ)/ n
skąpiec sknera kutwa dusigrosz sknerus
skinflint or scrooge

miserable /ˈmɪz(ə)ɹəbəl/ adj
nieszczęśliwy nędzny
in a state of misery

misericord n
mizerykordia
medieval dagger

miserly /ˈmaɪ.zə(ɹ).li/ adj
skąpy
stingy

misery /ˈmɪz(ə)ɹi/ /ˈmɪz(ə)ɹɪ/ n
męka nieszczęście
great unhappiness

misfit /mɪsˈfɪt/ /ˈmɪs.fɪt/ n
odmieniec
a badly adjusted person

misfortune /mɪsˈfɔɹt͡ʃən/ /mɪsˈfɔːtʃuːn/ n
pech nieszczęście
bad luck

mishear /mɪsˈhɪə(ɹ)/ v
przesłyszeć się
to hear wrongly

mishmash /ˈmɪʃˌmæʃ/ n
miszmasz
a collection of miscellany

misjudge v
oceniać ocenić

mislead /mɪsˈliːd/ v
wprowadzać w błąd wprowadzić w błąd
wprowadzać w błąd wprowadzić w błąd mylić zmylić
lead in a false direction

misogynist /mɪˈsɑd͡ʒ.ən.ɪst/ /mɪˈsɒd͡ʒ.ən.ɪst/ n
mizogin mizoginista
hater of women

misogyny /mɪˈsɑd͡ʒ.ɪ.ni/ /mɪˈsɒd͡ʒ.ɪ.ni/ n
mizoginia mizoginizm
hatred or contempt for women

misologist n
misologos
One who hates or dislikes reasoning or argument

misology n
wstręt rozumu
Hatred or fear of reasoning or argument

misplace /mɪsˈpleɪs/ v
zapodziać zagubić zgubić
to put something somewhere and then forget its location

misprision /ˌmɪsˈpɹɪʒ(ə)n/ /ˌmɪsˈpɹɪʒn̩/ n
zaniedbanie
criminal neglect or wrongful execution of duty, especially by a public official; a specific instance of this

misrepresent /ˌmɪsˌɹɛpɹəˈzɛnt/ v
przeinaczać przeinaczyć
to inaccurately portray something

miss /mɪs/ n
chybienie pudło
a failure to hit
panna niezamężna
unmarried woman

miss /mɪs/ v
chybić spudłować chybiać pudłować
to fail to hit
nie rozumieć nie zrozumieć
to fail to understand
przegapiać przegapić przeoczać przeoczyć
to fail to notice, to overlook
spóźniać się spóźnić się
to be late for something
tęsknić cknić się cnić się
to feel the absence of someone or something; to feel the want or need of

miss out v
opuszczać opuścić
to miss something that should not be missed

miss the point v
nie rozumieć nie zrozumieć
fail to grasp the meaning

missal n
mszał
book containing the prayers and responses needed when celebrating the Roman Catholic Mass throughout the year

missed call n
puścić sygnał
a telephone call which the responder does not answer

misshapen /mɪsˈʃeɪ.pən/ [mɪʃˈʃeɪ.pən] adj
niekształtny zniekształcony
deformed

missile /ˈmɪs.aɪl/ /ˈmɪs.əl/ n
pocisk
air-based weapon
rakieta
self-propelled, guidable projectile

missing /ˈmɪsɪŋ/ adj
zaginiony brakujący
not able to be located

missing in action /ˈmɪsɪŋ ɪn ˈækʃən/ adj
zaginiony w akcji
designation for a member of an organization with whom contact is lost but whose death is not confirmed

missing person n
osoba zaginiona
person whose whereabouts are unknown

mission /ˈmɪʃən/ [ˈmɪʃn̩] n
misja
religious evangelism
misja zadanie
set of tasks that fulfills a purpose

mission accomplished phraseologicalUnit
misja wykonana zadanie wykonane
used to express that a task, or set of tasks, has been completed

missionary /ˈmɪ.ʃən.(ə)ɹɪ/ /ˈmɪʃ.əˌnɛɹ.ɪ/ adj
misjonarski misyjny
relating to a mission

missionary /ˈmɪ.ʃən.(ə)ɹɪ/ /ˈmɪʃ.əˌnɛɹ.ɪ/ n
misjonarz misjonarka
person traveling to spread a religion

missionary position n
pozycja misjonarska
position for sexual intercourse

missive /ˈmɪsɪv/ n
list pismo posłanie
a written message

misspeak /mɪsˈspiːk/ v
przejęzyczyć się
to fail to pronounce, utter, or speak correctly

misspelling n
błąd ortograficzny byk
misspelt word

mist /mɪst/ n
mgła
water or other liquid finely suspended in air

mist /mɪst/ v
pokryć zaparować
to cover with a mist
zajść
to be covered by tears
zamglić się
to form mist
zraszać zrosić
to spray fine droplets on

mistake /mɪˈsteɪk/ n
pomyłka błąd
an error

mistake /mɪˈsteɪk/ v
pomylić
to take one thing for another
pomylić się

mistakenly /mɪˈsteɪ.kən.li/ adv
błędnie
wrongly
przez pomyłkę
by accident

mistakenness n
błędność

mister /ˈmɪstəɹ/ [ˈmɪstə(ɹ)] [ˈmɪstɚ] n
pan proszę Pana
title of adult male

mistle thrush n
paszkot
Turdus viscivorus

mistletoe /ˈmɪs(ə)ltəʊ/ /ˈmɪsəlˌtoʊ/ n
jemioła
any of several hemiparasitic evergreen plants of the order Santalales

mistress /ˈmɪstɹɪs/ n
kochanka
woman in extramarital relationship
pani
woman of authority

mistrust /mɪsˈtɹʌst/ n
nieufność
lack of trust

misty /ˈmɪsti/ adj
mglisty
with mist; foggy

misunderstanding /ˌmɪsʌndəˈstændɪŋ/ /ˌmɪsʌndɚˈstændɪŋ/ n
nieporozumienie
mistake

mite /maɪt/ n
roztocz roztocze
arachnid

mitigate /ˈmɪt.ɪ.ɡeɪt/ v
zminimalizować zmniejszyć złagodzić
to reduce, lessen, or decrease

mitochondrion n
mitochondrium
respiratory organelle

mitosis /maɪˈtoʊ.sɪs/ /maɪˈtəʊ.sɪs/ n
mitoza
division of a cell nucleus

mitotic adj
mitotyczny
of or pertaining to mitosis

mitre /ˈmaɪtəɹ/ n
mitra
a covering for the head, worn on solemn occasions by church dignitaries

mitten /ˈmɪtn̩/ /ˈmɪʔn̩/ n
mitenka mitynka
type of glove

mitzvah n
micwa
an act of kindness
any of the 613 commandments of Jewish law

mix /ˈmɪks/ n
miks
music: finished version of a recording
music: result of mixing several tracks
result of mixing two or more substances

mix /ˈmɪks/ v
mieszać bełtać zbełtać zmieszać
stir two or more substances together

mix business with pleasure v
łączyć przyjemne z pożytecznym
to do something pleasurable that is related to one's work

mixed doubles n
mikst
game between two male-female teams

mixed economy n
gospodarka mieszana
market economy with government provision

mixed metaphor n
mieszana metafora

mixer /ˈmɪksə(ɹ)/ n
mikser robot kuchenny
machine that mixes or beats ingredients

mixing bowl n
miska
Large bowl used for mixing ingredients

mixing console n
mikser
electronic device for audio mixing

mixture /ˈmɪkstʃə/ /ˈmɪkst͡ʃɚ/ n
mieszanie zmieszanie
act of mixing
mieszanina mieszanka
something produced by mixing
mikstura specyfik
medicinal compound
zlepek
something that consists of diverse elements

mizzen /ˈmɪ.zən/ n
bezan
mizzenmast sail

mizzenmast /ˈmɪz.ənˌmæst/ /ˈmɪz.ənˌmɑːst/ n
bezanmaszt
nautical: aftmost mast

mnemonic /ni-/ /nə-/ /nəˈmɑnɪk/ /nɪˈmɒnɪk/ adj
mnemoniczny pamięciowy
especially of a series of ideas, letters, words, etc.: intended to help in remembering
of or relating to mnemonics

mnemonic /ni-/ /nə-/ /nəˈmɑnɪk/ /nɪˈmɒnɪk/ n
asocjacja mnemonik mnemonika skojarzenie
something used to help in remembering a thing

moa /ˈmoə/ /ˈmɒʌ/ /ˈməʊə/ n
moa
extinct bird

moan /moʊn/ /məʊn/ n
jęk
a low cry of pain

moan /moʊn/ /məʊn/ v
jęczeć
to make a moan or similar sound
narzekać
to complain

moat /moʊt/ /məʊt/ n
fosa
defensive ditch

mob /mɑb/ /mɒb/ n
banda
unruly group of people

mobbing n
mobbing
group bullying

mobile /ˈmoʊbaɪl/ /ˈmoʊbil/ /ˈmoʊbəl/ /ˈməʊ.baɪl/ /ˈməʊbaɪl/ adj
przenośny ruchomy mobilny
capable of being moved

mobile device n
urządzenie mobilne
portable computer

mobile game n
gra na komórkę gra na telefon komórkowy
electronic game played using a cellular phone

mobile home n
dom mobilny dom na kółkach
prefabricated home

mobile library n
bibliobus bibliowóz
library in a van

mobile phone n
komórka telefon komórkowy telefon
portable telephone

mobility /moʊˈbɪlɪti/ /mə(ʊ)ˈbɪlɪti/ n
mobilność ruchomość
ability to move

mobilization n
aktywizacja
the act of mobilizing
mobilizacja
marshalling of troops and national resources in preparation for war

mobster /ˈmɑb.stɚ/ /ˈmɒb.stə/ n
gangster mafioso
member of a criminal gang

moccasin /ˈmɑkəsɪn/ /ˈmɒkəsɪn/ n
mokasyn
North American snake
modern shoe
traditional native North American shoe

mocha /ˈmoʊkə/ /ˈmɒkə/ n
mokka
coffee with chocolate

mock /mɑk/ /mɒk/ /mɔk/ adj
sztuczny udawany
imitation, not genuine

mock /mɑk/ /mɒk/ /mɔk/ v
kpić przedrzeźniać wyśmiewać się
to taunt

mock-orange n
jaśminowiec
Philadelphus spp.

mock-up /ˈmɑk.ʌp/ /ˈmɒk.ʌp/ n
makieta
scale or full-scale model of something

mocker n
kpiarz
one who mocks

mockery /ˈmɑkəɹi/ /ˈmɒkəɹi/ n
kpina szydera
action of mocking; ridicule, derision

mockingbird /ˈmɑkɪŋˌbɝd/ /ˈmɒkɪŋbɜːd/ n
przedrzeźniacz
songbird of the family Mimidae

mockingness n
szyderczość
condition of being mocking

mod /mɑd/ /mɒd/ n
mod
video games: an end user-created package containing modifications for a video game

modal /ˈmoʊd.əl/ /ˈməʊd.əl/ adj
modalny
of, relating to, or describing the mood of a clause

modal filter n
droga filtrująca

modal verb n
czasownik modalny

mode /mod/ /moʊd/ /məʊd/ n
dominanta wartość modalna
statistics: the most frequently occurring value in a distribution
metoda sposób
means of accomplishing something
tryb
computing: one of various related sets of rules for processing data; more generally, any state of the system associated with certain behaviours
moda styl
style or fashion

model /ˈmɑdl̩/ /ˈmɒdl̩/ [ˈmɑ.ɾɫ] adj
modelowy podręcznikowy wzorcowy
worthy of being a model

model /ˈmɑdl̩/ /ˈmɒdl̩/ [ˈmɑ.ɾɫ] n
model
simplified representation
style
model makieta
miniature
model modelka
person
model szablon
structural design
wzór model
praiseworthy example

modeling n
modeling
work of someone who models clothes
modelunek
The art of sculpting models from clay
The representation of depth in a two-dimensional image.

modeling clay n
plastelina
malleable substance

modem /ˈmoʊdəm/ /ˈmoʊdɛm/ /ˈməʊdəm/ /ˈməʊdɛm/ n
modem
device that encodes digital computer signals into analog/analogue telephone signals

moderate /ˈmɑdəɹeɪt/ /ˈmɑdəɹət/ /ˈmɒdəɹeɪt/ /ˈmɒdəɹət/ adj
umiarkowany
not excessive

moderately adv
średnio
to a moderate degree

moderation /ˌmɑdəˈɹeɪʃən/ /ˌmɒdəˈɹeɪʃən/ n
moderacja
moderating a discussion: supervision; mediation
umiar wstrzemięźliwość
state or quality of being moderate; avoidance of extremes

moderator /ˈmɒdəˌɹeɪtə(ɹ)/ n
moderator
someone who moderates
moderator moderatorka
(Internet) a person who enforces the rules of a forum

modern /ˈmɑdɚn/ /ˈmɒd(ə)n/ adj
nowoczesny współczesny
pertaining to the current time and style

modern-day adj
współczesny
current
used to designate a present-day version of someone or something in history

modernism n
modernizm
any of several styles of art, architecture, literature, philosophy, etc., that flourished in the 20th century

modernist adj
modernistyczny
relating to modernism

modernist n
modernista modernistka
follower of modernism

modernity /məˈdɜːn.ɪ.ti/ /məˈdɝn.ɪ.ti/ n
nowoczesność
quality of being modern
nowożytność

modernization /ˌmɑdɚnaɪˈzeɪʃn̩/ /ˌmɑdɚnɪˈzeɪʃn̩/ /ˌmɒdənaɪˈzeɪʃn̩/ /ˌmɒdənɪˈzeɪʃn̩/ [ˌmɑɾɚ-] n
modernizacja
process of modernizing

modernize /ˈmɑdɚnaɪz/ /ˈmɒdənaɪz/ v
modernizować unowocześniać unowocześnić zmodernizować
bring something up to date
become modern

modernly adv
nowocześnie
in a modern manner

modest /ˈmɑdəst/ adj
skromny
not bragging or boasting about oneself or one's achievements
skromny niewielki
small

modesty /ˈmɒd.ə.sti/ n
skromność
the quality of being modest
moderate behaviour; reserve
pudency, avoidance of sexual explicitness

modifier /ˈmɑdɪfaɪɚ/ /ˈmɒdɪfaɪə/ n
modyfikator
one who modifies
przydawka
grammar: qualifying word, clause or phrase

modify /ˈmɑdɪfaɪ/ /ˈmɒdɪfaɪ/ v
modyfikować zmieniać
to change part of

modular adj
modułowy
of or relating to a module or modules

modulate /ˈmɑ.dju.ˌleɪt/ /ˈmɑː.d͡ʒə.ˌleɪt/ v
cieniować modulować
to change the pitch (transitive)
modulować
to regulate
modulować zmodulować
to move from one key to another (intransitive)

modulation /ˈmɑ.dju.ˌleɪ.ʃən/ /ˈmɑː.d͡ʒə.ˌleɪ.ʃən/ n
modulacja
application of a signal to a carrier

module /ˈmɑd͡ʒul/ /ˈmɒdjuːl/ n
moduł
self-contained component of a system

modulus n
moduł
absolute value of a complex number

modus operandi /ˈmɐʉ.dɘs ˌɔp.ɘ.ɹɛn.di/ /ˈmɐʉ.dɘs ˌɔp.ɘ.ɹɛn.dɒe/ /ˈməʊ.dʌs ˌɒp.ə.ɹæn.daɪ/ n
modus operandi
habits from a criminal
person or thing's method of operation

modus vivendi /ˌməʊdəs vɪˈvɛndiː/ n
modus vivendi

mogul /ˈmoʊɡəl/ /ˈməʊɡ(ə)l/ n
potentat
a rich or powerful person
mulda
a hump on a skiing piste

mohair /ˈməʊhɛə/ n
moher
fine hair of the Angora goat

mohel /ˈmɔɪ.əl/ /ˈmɔʊ.ɛl/ n
mohel rzezak
person who performs circumcision

moiré /mwaˈɹeɪ/ /mɔˈɹeɪ/ n
mora
fabric
pattern

moissanite /ˈmoi.sə.nɑit/ n
moissanit
Naturally-occurring silicon carbide with various crystalline polymorphs

moist /mɔɪst/ adj
wilgotny
characterized by the presence of moisture; slightly wet

moisture /ˈmɔɪs.t͡ʃə/ /ˈmɔɪs.t͡ʃɚ/ n
wilgoć
that which moistens or makes damp; liquid in small quantity
wilgoć wilgotność
the state of being moist

mojibake /ˌmoʊ.d͡ʒiˈbɑ.keɪ/ /ˌmoʊ.d͡ʒiˈbɑ.ki/ /ˌməʊ.d͡ʒiˈbɑː.keɪ/ /ˌməʊ.d͡ʒiˈbɑː.ki/ n
krzaki
corrupt characters or letters

mojito /moʊˈhi.toʊ/ /məʊˈhiːtəʊ/ n
mojito
Cuban cocktail

moka pot n
kafetierka makinetka moka
coffeemaker

molal /ˈməʊləl/ adj
molalny
of a solution

molality n
molalność
concentration of a substance in solution

molar /ˈmoʊlɚ/ adj
trzonowy
of or relating to the molar teeth
molarny molowy
containing one mole of solute per litre of solution

molar /ˈmoʊlɚ/ n
trzonowiec ząb trzonowy
back tooth

molarity n
molarność
moles per litre of a solution

molasses /məʊˈlasɪz/ /məˈlasɪz/ [məˈlæ.sɪz] [mɵˈlæ.sɪz] n
melasa
thick brownish syrup refined from sugarcane

mold /moʊld/ /mɔʊld/ /məʊld/ n
forma
hollow form or matrix for shaping a fluid or plastic substance
odlew
something that is made in or shaped on a mold
pleśń
woolly or furry growth of tiny fungi

mold /moʊld/ /mɔʊld/ /məʊld/ v
formować kształtować modelować
To shape in or on a mold
odlewać
To be shaped in or as if in a mold

moldboard n
odkładnica
curved piece of metal on a plow or bulldozer

mole /mol/ /moʊl/ /mɒʊl/ /mɔʊl/ /məʊl/ n
pieprzyk znamię
dark spot on the skin

mole /mol/ /moʊl/ /mɒʊl/ /məʊl/ n
kret wtyczka
burrowing insectivore
internal spy

mole /mol/ /moʊl/ /məʊl/ n
falochron
massive structure used as a pier or breakwater
mol
unit of amount
zaśniad
hemorrhagic mass of tissue in the uterus

mole cricket n
turkuć podjadek
insect of Gryllotalpidae

molecular /məˈlɛkjələɹ/ /məˈlɛkjʊlə/ adj
molekularny cząsteczkowy
relating to molecules

molecular biology n
biologia molekularna
branch of biology

molecular formula n
wzór sumaryczny
a notation indicating the number of atoms of each element present in a molecule

molecular genetics n
genetyka molekularna
a field of biology

molecule /ˈmɑl.ə.kjul/ /ˈmɒl.ə.kjuːl/ n
cząsteczka molekuła
group of atoms held together by chemical bonds

molehill /ˈməʊlhɪl/ n
kretowisko
A small mound of earth

moleskin n
moleskin
fabric

molest /məˈlɛst/ v
molestować
to abuse
to annoy intentionally
to disturb or tamper with

mollusc /ˈmɑləsk/ /ˈmɒləsk/ n
mięczak
soft-bodied invertebrate of phylum Mollusca

mollycoddle /ˈmɑl.iˌkɑd.əl/ /ˈmɒl.ɪˌkɒd.əl/ v
rozpieszczać rozpieścić

molten /ˈmoʊltən/ /ˈmɒltən/ /ˈməʊltən/ adj
stopiony
melted

molybdenite n
molibdenit
mineral

molybdenum /məˈlɪbdɪnəm/ n
molibden
chemical element

molybdic /məˈlɪbdɪk/ adj
molibdenowy

moment /ˈmoʊmənt/ /ˈməʊmənt/ n
moment siły moment
moment of force
moment chwila
very brief period of time
moment in time

moment of force n
moment siły
moment of force

moment of silence n
minuta ciszy
period of silence conducted to honor or provide a gesture of respect to a recently deceased person

moment of truth n
chwila prawdy
deciding instant

momentarily /ˈməʊməntɛɹɪlɪi/ /ˈməʊmɛntɛɹɪlɪi/ adv
chwilowo
In a momentary manner

momentary /ˈmoʊmənˌtɛɹi/ /ˈməʊmənt(ə)ɹi/ adj
chwilowy
lasting for only a moment

momentous /moʊˈmɛn.təs/ /məʊˈmɛn.təs/ adj
ważny doniosły wielkiej wagi znaczący
of outstanding importance or great consequence

momentum /ˌmoʊˈmɛntəm/ /ˌmə(ʊ)ˈmɛntəm/ n
pęd
product of mass and velocity
rozmach
impetus, either of a body in motion, or of an idea or course of events

momo /ˈməʊməʊ/ n
momo
type of dumpling

monad /ˈmoʊnæd/ /ˈmɒnæd/ n
monada
mathematics and computing term
something ultimate and indivisible

monarch /ˈmɑnɑɹk/ /ˈmɑnɚk/ /ˈmɒnək/ n
monarcha monarchini
ruler

monarchism n
monarchizm
advocacy of the monarchistic political system

monarchist n
monarchista monarchistka
an advocate of, or believer in, monarchy

monarchy /ˈmɑnɚki/ /ˈmɒnəki/ n
monarchia
form of government with a hereditary head of state

monastery /ˈmɑnəstəɹi/ /ˈmɑnəstɛɹi/ /ˈmɒnəstɹi/ n
klasztor monaster
building for monks

monastic /məˈnæstɪk/ adj
monastyczny mnisi
of or relating to monasteries or monks

monastic /məˈnæstɪk/ n
mnich mniszka
person with monastic ways

monastically adv
monastycznie
in a monastic manner

monasticism n
monastycyzm
religious practice

mondegreen /ˈmɑndəɡɹiːn/ /ˈmɒndəɡɹiːn/ n
przesłyszenie
mishearing

monetarism n
monetaryzm
economic and political doctrine

monetary /ˈman.ə.teː.ɹi/ /ˈmɑnɪtɛɹi/ /ˈmʌnətɛɹi/ /ˈmʌnɪtəɹi/ /ˈmʌnɪtɹi/ adj
monetarny pieniężny walutowy
of or relating to money

monetization /ˌmɒnətaɪˈzeɪʃən/ /ˌmʌnətaɪˈzeɪʃən/ n
monetyzacja
the conversion of something into money

monetize /ˈmɑnəˌtaɪz/ /ˈmɒnətaɪz/ /ˈmʌnətaɪz/ v
monetyzować spieniężać spieniężyć zmonetyzować
to convert something into currency

money /ˈmʌni/ [ˈmɐni] n
gotówka pieniądz
hard cash
pieniądz pieniądze forsa flota grosiwo hajs
means of exchange and measure of value
waluta pieniądz
currency

money bag n
sakiewka sakwa
bag used for holding money

money belt n
trzos
a belt concealed under clothing

money can't buy happiness proverb
pieniądze szczęścia nie dają
true happiness comes from inside

money does not smell proverb
pieniądze nie śmierdzą

money doesn't grow on trees proverb
pieniądze nie spadają z nieba
you must work in order to have money

money laundering n
pranie brudnych pieniędzy pranie pieniędzy
act of obscuring the origin of money that has been obtained illegally

money machine n
maszynka do robienia pieniędzy
very profitable scheme or institution

money market n
rynek pieniężny
market

money supply n
podaż pieniądza
total amount of money in a particular economy

moneybags n
bogacz
wealthy person

moneyless /ˈmʌniləs/ adj
bezpieniężny
that does not use money as a means of exchange

mongongo n
mongongo
fruit
tree

mongoose /ˈmɑŋ.ɡus/ /ˈmɒŋ.ɡuːs/ /ˈmʌŋ.ɡus/ n
galidia
any species of Malagasy mongoose
mangusta
small carnivore of the family Herpestidae

mongrel /ˈmɑŋ.ɡɹəl/ /ˈmʌŋ.ɡɹəl/ adj
bastardowy

mongrel /ˈmɑŋ.ɡɹəl/ /ˈmʌŋ.ɡɹəl/ n
kundel mieszaniec
someone of mixed kind

monism n
monizm
doctrine of the oneness and unity of reality

monitor /ˈmɑ.nə.ɾɚ/ /ˈmɑ.nɪ.ɾɚ/ /ˈmɒn.ɪ.tə/ /ˈmɔn.ə.ɾɚ/ /ˈmɔn.ɪ.tə/ /ˈmɔn.ɪ.ɾə/ /ˈmɔn.ɪ.ɾɚ/ n
dyżurna dyżurny
student leader
monitor
computer display
class of armored warship

monitor /ˈmɑ.nə.ɾɚ/ /ˈmɑ.nɪ.ɾɚ/ /ˈmɒn.ɪ.tə/ /ˈmɔn.ə.ɾɚ/ /ˈmɔn.ɪ.tə/ /ˈmɔn.ɪ.ɾə/ /ˈmɔn.ɪ.ɾɚ/ v
monitorować
watch over, guard

monitor lizard n
waran
lizard of the genus Varanus

monitoring n
monitoring
Surveillance or continuous or regular observation

monk /mʌŋk/ n
mnich
slang: man living without sexual relationships
mnich zakonnik
male member of monastic order

monk parakeet n
mnicha
Myiopsitta monachus

monkey /ˈmʊŋki/ /ˈmʌŋki/ n
małpa
primate

monkey bread n
małpi chlebek
pastry

monkey business /-nɪz/ /ˈməŋ-/ /ˈmʌŋki ˌbɪznɪs/ /ˈmʌŋkɪ ˌbɪznɪs/ [-nəs] [-nəz] n
figle psoty zbytki
activity that is mischievous, stupid, or time-wasting
machlojki świństwa
activity that is morally questionable or even mildly illegal

monkey see, monkey do phraseologicalUnit
małpa widzi małpa robi

monkey wrench n
klucz francuski klucz nastawny
adjustable wrench

monkfish n
żabnica
fish

monkish adj
mnisi mniszy
pertaining to, or resembling a monk or monasticism

mono- /ˈmɑː.nə/ /ˈmɒn.ə/ /ˈmɒn.əʊ/ prefix
mono-
one

monochord n
monochord

monochromacy n
monochromatyczność
color blindness

monochrome /ˈmɑn.əˌkɹoʊm/ /ˈmɒn.əˌkɹəʊm/ adj
czarno-biały
of a photograph, representing colours with shades of gray
monochromatyczny jednobarwny
having only one colour

monochrome /ˈmɑn.əˌkɹoʊm/ /ˈmɒn.əˌkɹəʊm/ n
czarno-biała fotografia
black and white image
monochrom
painting executed in shades of a single colour

monocle /ˈmɑnəkəl/ n
monokl
a single lens

monocotyledon /ˌmɒnəˌkɒtɪˈliːdən/ n
jednoliścienne
Plant belonging to Monocotyledones or Liliopsida

monocrotophos n
monokrotofos
insecticide

monoculture /ˈmɒnoʊˌkʌlt͡ʃə(ɹ)/ /ˈmɒnəˌkʌlt͡ʃə(ɹ)/ n
monokultura
cultivation of a single crop at a time

monoexponential adj
[[jedno-]]wykładniczy

monogamous adj
monogamiczny
being married to one person at a time

monogamy /məˈnɑɡəmi/ n
monogamia
permanent pair bond between two beings

monogon n
kształt o jednym wierzchołku
geometry

monogram /ˈmɑ.nəˌɡɹæm/ /ˈmɒ.nəˌɡɹæm/ n
monogram
a design composed of one or more letters used as an identifying mark

monograph n
monografia
scholarly book or treatise

monokini /mɒnə(ʊ)ˈkiːni/ n
monokini
bikini worn without the upper part

monolingual adj
jednojęzyczny
only knowing or spoken in one language

monolingualism n
jednojęzyczność
condition of being able to speak only a single language

monolith /ˈmɑn.əˌlɪθ/ /ˈmɒn.lɪθ/ /ˈmɒn.ə.lɪθ/ n
monolit
anything massive, uniform, and unmovable
large, single block of stone

monologue /ˈmɑnəlɑɡ/ /ˈmɑnəlɔɡ/ /ˈmɒnəlɒɡ/ n
monolog
drama: long speech by one person
comedy: long series of stories and jokes
monopolizing utterance

monomer /ˈmɑnəmɚ/ /ˈmɒnəmə/ n
monomer
small molecule, bonded covalently to form polymers

monomial n
jednomian
term with numbers and variables

monomorphemic adj
jednomorfemiczny jednomorfemowy

mononucleosis n
mononukleoza
infectious mononucleosis, glandular fever

monoparty adj
jednopartyjny monopartyjny
having only one political party

monophosphate n
monofosforan

monophthong /ˈmɑnəfˌθɑŋ/ /ˈmɑnəfˌθɔŋ/ /ˈmɑnəpˌθɑŋ/ /ˈmɑnəpˌθɔŋ/ /ˈmɒnəfˌθɒŋ(ɡ)/ /ˈmɒnəpˌθɒŋ(ɡ)/ n
monoftong
vowel that has same sound throughout its pronunciation

monophthongization n
monoftongizacja
the process of becoming monophthong

monophysitism n
monofizytyzm
Christian doctrine claiming a single nature of Jesus Christ

monoplane n
jednopłatowiec jednopłat
airplane that has a single pair of wings

monopod n
monopod
portable stand with one leg

monopolist n
monopolista
one who has, or attempts to acquire, a monopoly on something

monopoly /məˈnɑpəli/ /məˈnɒpəli/ n
monopol samokupstwo
situation of exclusive supply

monoprotic adj
jednozasadowy
having a single hydrogen atom

monopsony /məˈnɑpsəni/ /məˈnɒpsəni/ n
monopson
market situation in which there is only buyer for a product

monorail /ˈmɑnəɹeɪl/ /ˈmɒnəɹeɪl/ /ˈmɒnəʊˌɹeɪl/ n
kolej jednoszynowa
a railroad system where the trains run on one rail

monosaccharide n
monosacharyd
a simple sugar, composed of a single ring

monosodium glutamate n
glutaminian sodu
mono sodium salt of the amino acid, glutamic acid

monosyllabic /ˌmɑ.noʊ.sɪˈlæ.bɪk/ /ˌmɒnə(ʊ)sɪˈlabɪk/ /ˌmɔ.nəʉ.sɪˈlæ.bɪk/ adj
jednosylabowy
consisting of one syllable

monotheism /ˌmɑnoʊ̯ˈθiɪzm̩/ n
monoteizm jedynobóstwo
belief in one God

monotheist n
monoteista jednobożca jednobożnik
a believer in monotheism

monotheistic /ˌmɑnəθiˈɪstɪk/ /ˌmɒnə(ʊ)θiːˈɪstɪk/ /ˌmɒnə(ʊ)θɪˈɪstɪk/ adj
monoteistyczny
believing in a single god

monotonous /məˈnɑtənəs/ /məˈnɒtənəs/ adj
monotonny
having an unvarying tone or pitch

monotreme /ˈmɒnətɹiːm/ n
stekowiec
egg-laying mammal

monotype n
monotyp
a typesetting machine
a monotypic taxon
monotypia
a print of some design created on metal or glass
a technique of making a monotype

monotypic /ˌmɒ.nə.ˈtɪ.pɪk/ adj
monotypowy
Relating to monotypy

monoxide /məˈnɒksʌɪd/ n
monotlenek
oxide containing a single oxygen atom

mons pubis /ˌmɒnz ˈpjubɪs/ n
wzgórek łonowy łono
fleshy protuberance over the pubic bones

monsoon /mɑnˈsuːn/ /mɒnˈsuːn/ n
monsun
tropical rainy season
wind

monster /ˈmɑnstɚ/ /ˈmɒnstə(ɹ)/ n
dziwadło dziwoląg dziwotwór gadzina paskuda poczwara
bizarre or whimsical creature
potwór monstrum bestia bestyja kreatura maszkara
terrifying dangerous creature

monstera /mɔnsˈtɛɹʌ/ n
monstera
Any of the plants of the genus Monstera

monstrance /ˈmɑnztɹəns/ /ˈmɒnstɹəns/ n
monstrancja
ornamental receptacle in which the consecrated host is placed for Eucharistic adoration

monstress /ˈmɑnstɹəs/ /ˈmɒnst(ə)ɹɛs/ n
potwora potworzyca
female monster

monstrous /ˈmɑnstɹəs/ /ˈmɒnstɹəs/ adj
monstrualny
enormously large
hideous or frightful

montane /mɑnˈteɪn/ /ˈmɒnteɪn/ n
regiel
flora and fauna of a montane habitat

month /mʌnθ/ [mɐn̪θ] [mʌn̪θ] n
miesiąc
period into which a year is divided

monthly /ˈmʌnθli/ adj
comiesięczny miesięczny
occurring every month

monthly /ˈmʌnθli/ adv
co miesiąc miesięcznie
occurring every month

monthly /ˈmʌnθli/ n
miesiączka
(euphemism) the menstrual period
miesięcznik
a publication that is published once a month

monument /ˈmɑnjəmənt/ /ˈmɑnjʊmənt/ /ˈmɒnjʊmənt/ n
monument
exceptional or prideful achievement
monument pomnik
structure built for commemorative or symbolic reasons

monumental /ˌmɒnjʊˈmɛntəl/ adj
monumentalny
large, grand and imposing
taking a great amount of time and effort to complete

monzonite n
adamellit monzonit

moo /mu/ /muː/ interjection
mu
sound made by a cow or bull

moo /mu/ /muː/ n
muczenie
characteristic sound made by a cow or bull

moo /mu/ /muː/ v
muczeć
to make a lowing sound

mooch /muːt͡ʃ/ v
snuć się
wander around aimlessly

mood /muːd/ /mʉd/ n
nastrój humor
mental state

mood swing n
huśtawka nastrojów nagłe zmiany nastroju wahania nastroju
rapid and extreme changing in mood

moola /ˈmuː.lɑ/ /ˈmuː.lə/ /ˈmuːˌlɑː/ /ˈmyː.lɑ/ /ˈmʊ.lɑ/ n
mamona
informal: money

moon /mun/ /muːn/ n
księżyc miesiąc
any substantially sized natural satellite of a planet
księżyc miesiąc luna
largest natural satellite of planet Earth
miesiąc księżyc
month

moon landing n
lądowanie na Księżycu
arrival of a spacecraft on the moon

moonbeam /ˈmun.bim/ n
promień księżyca
shaft of moonlight

moonless adj
bezksiężycowy
during which the Moon is not visible

moonlight /ˈmunˌlaɪt/ n
światło księżyca
light reflected from the moon

moonlighting n
chałtura
period of working on the side

moonrise n
wschód księżyca
The time of day or night when the moon begins to rise over the horizon

moonset n
zachód księżyca
the setting of the moon below the horizon

moonshine /ˈmuːnʃaɪn/ n
bimber krzakówka księżycówka samogon samogonka
illicit liquor

moonshiner n
bimbrarz bimbrowniczka bimbrownik
someone who makes or distributes moonshine

moonshining n
bimbrownictwo
illicit liquor production

moonstone n
kamień księżycowy
translucent gemstone

moonwort /ˈmuːnwəːt/ n
podejźrzon
Botrychium lunaria

moor /moː/ /mɔɹ/ /mɔː/ /mʊ(ə)ɹ/ /mʊə/ [möː(ə̯)~mʊ̈ː(ə̯)] n
wrzosowisko torfowisko
region with poor, marshy soil, peat and heath

moor /moː/ /mɔɹ/ /mɔː/ /mʊ(ə)ɹ/ /mʊə/ [möː(ə̯)~mʊ̈ː(ə̯)] v
cumować
to cast anchor or become fastened
cumować przycumować zacumować
to fix or secure, as a vessel, in a particular place by casting anchor, or by fastening with cables or chains

moorhen /ˈmuɹ.hɛn/ n
kokoszka
water birds of the genus Gallinula

moose /muːs/ n
łoś klępa łosica łosza
largest member of the deer family (Alces alces)

moot /muːt/ adj
bezprzedmiotowy
having no practical importance
sporny
subject to discussion

moot point n
kwestia czysto akademicka
issue that has been rendered irrelevant
kwestia do dyskusji kwestia dyskusyjna
issue that is open for debate

mootness n
bezprzedmiotowość

mop /mɑp/ /mɒp/ n
mop
implement for washing floors

moped /ˈmoʊ.pɛd/ /ˈməʊ.pɛd/ n
motorower moped
two-wheeled vehicle

moraine /mɒˈɹeɪn/ /məˈɹeɪn/ n
morena
accumulation of rocks and debris

moral /ˈmoɹəl/ /ˈmɑɹəl/ /ˈmɒɹ-/ /ˈmɒɹəl/ /ˈmɔrəl/ adj
moralny
conforming to a standard of right behavior
relating to principles of right and wrong
positively affecting the mind, confidence or will

moral /ˈmoɹəl/ /ˈmɑɹəl/ /ˈmɒɹ-/ /ˈmɒɹəl/ /ˈmɔrəl/ n
morał
the moral significance or practical lesson
morały
moral practices or teachings

moral code n
kodeks moralny
set of rules prescribing behavior

moral compass /ˌmɒɹl̩-/ /ˌmɒɹəl ˈkʌmpəs/ /ˌmɔɹəl ˈkʌmpəs/ n
busola
inner sense which distinguishes what is right from what is wrong

moral high ground /ˌmɔɹəl ˈhaɪ ɡɹaʊnd/ n
wyższość moralna
A position or point of view

moral panic n
panika moralna
mass movement, public outcry

morale /məˈɹæl/ /məˈɹɑːl/ n
morale
the capacity of people to maintain belief in an institution or a goal, or even in oneself and others

moralism /ˈmɒɹəlɪzm/ n
moralizm
Religious practice
moralizm moralizatorstwo moralizowanie
Act or practice of moralizing
morał
A maxim or saying

moralist n
moralista moralistka
one driven by perceived morals

moralistic adj
moralistyczny
Characteristic of or relating to a narrow-minded concern of the morals of others

morality /məˈɹælɪti/ n
moralność
recognition of or obedience to the rules of right conduct

morality police n
policja moralności policja obyczajowa
police enforcing moral code

morally /ˈmɑɹəli/ /ˈmɒɹəli/ /ˈmɔɹəli/ adv
moralnie
in a moral manner

moratorium /ˌmɒ.ɹəˈtɔː.ɹɪəm/ /ˌmɔ.ɹəˈtɔ.ɹi.əm/ /ˌmɔː.ɹəˈtɔː.ɹɪəm/ n
moratorium
suspension of an ongoing activity
authorization permitting temporary suspension of payments

moray /məˈɹeɪ/ /ˈmɒ.ɹeɪ/ /ˈmɔː.ɹeɪ/ n
murena
eels of the family Muraenidae

mordant /mɔː(ɹ)dənt/ adj
żrący
biting or caustic

more /mo(ː)ɹ/ /moə/ /moʊ/ /mɔɹ/ /mɔː/ adv
-ej -ejszy -szy bardziej gorzej lepiej
word to form a comparative
więcej bardziej
comparative of much

more /mo(ː)ɹ/ /moə/ /moʊ/ /mɔɹ/ /mɔː/ determiner
więcej
comparative of many

more Catholic than the Pope adj
bardziej papieski od papieża świętszy od papieża
adhering more stringently to Roman Catholic practice than is required

more and more adv
coraz więcej
indicates that the statement is becoming progressively more true
coraz coraz bardziej
in a manner that progressively increases
coraz coraz więcej
progressively more

more and more determiner
coraz więcej
increasingly more

more haste, less speed proverb
śpiesz się powoli co nagle, to po diable gdy się człowiek śpieszy, to się diabeł cieszy
when one is in a hurry, one often ends up completing a task more slowly

more like phraseologicalUnit
prędzej raczej

more or less /mɔɹ ɔɹ lɛs/ adv
mniej więcej z grubsza
approximately

more than meets the eye adj
więcej niż na pierwszy rzut oka

more to the point conjunction
co ważniejsze

more's the pity phraseologicalUnit
szkoda
it is a pity

morel /məˈɹɛl/ n
smardz
genus Morchella
smardz jadalny
common morel or yellow morel, Morchella esculenta

moreover /mɔɹˈoʊvɚ/ /mɔːˈɹəʊvə/ adv
ponadto skądinąd
in addition to what has been said

morepork /ˈmoːpoːk/ /ˈmɔɹˌpɔ(ə)ɹk/ /ˈmɔːpɔːk/ n
sowica ciemnolica
Ninox novaeseelandiae

moresome n
balet
a sexual act involving many people

morgue /moɹɡ/ /mɔː(ɹ)ɡ/ /mɔːɡ/ [mo̞ɹɡ] n
kostnica
place for dead people

moribund /ˈmɔːɹɪbʌnd/ adj
konający umierający
approaching death

morion /ˈmɒɹɪən/ n
morion
type of helmet

morna /məʊˈɹnɑ/ n
morna
a genre of Cape Verdean music

morning /mɔːnɪŋ/ /mɔːɹnɪŋ/ /ˈmɔɹnɪŋ/ /ˈmɔːnɪŋ/ n
rano ranek
part of the day between dawn and midday
the part of the day after midnight and before midday

morning after n
poranek po nocy picia

morning star n
morgensztern gwiazda poranna morgenstern
spiked weapon on staff

morning star pn
Jutrzenka Gwiazda Poranna gwiazda poranna
planet Venus as seen around dawn

morning wood n
poranny drągal namiot poranny wzwód
morning erection

morning-after pill n
pigułka dzień po
type of contraceptive pill

moron /-ɑn/ /mo(ː)ɹɒn/ /ˈmoɹɑn/ /ˈmɔːɹɒn/ [ˈmo̞ɹɑn] n
bałwan bezmózg debil przygłup
person of borderline intelligence

morose /mɔɹˈoʊs/ /məˈɹoʊs/ /məˈɹəʊs/ adj
ponury posępny
sullen, gloomy; showing a brooding ill humour

morpheme /ˈmoː.fiːm/ /ˈmɔɹ.fim/ /ˈmɔː.fiːm/ n
morfem
smallest linguistic unit

morphine /ˈmoː.fiːn/ /ˈmɔɹˌfin/ /ˈmɔː.fiːn/ n
morfina
crystalline alkaloid

morphological /ˌmɔːfəˈlɒd͡ʒɪkəl/ adj
morfologiczny
relating to morphology

morphologically adv
morfologicznie
with regard to morphology

morphology /moːˈfɔl.ə.d͡ʒi/ /mɔɹˈfɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/ /mɔːˈfɒl.ə.d͡ʒi/ n
morfologia
a scientific study of form and structure
linguistic study of the form and structure
biological study of the form and structure
a description of the form and structure of something
geological study of the form and structure
the form and structure of something

mortadella n
mortadela
sausage

mortal /ˈmɔɹtəl/ /ˈmɔːtəl/ adj
śmiertelny
susceptible to death
causing death; deadly; fatal; killing

mortal /ˈmɔɹtəl/ /ˈmɔːtəl/ n
śmiertelnik śmiertelny
human; someone susceptible to death

mortal sin n
grzech śmiertelny
grave sin

mortality /mɔɹˈtælɪti/ n
śmiertelność
condition of being susceptible to death
śmiertelność umieralność
death rate

mortar /ˈmɔːtə(ɹ)/ n
moździerz
lightweight indirect fire weapon which transmits recoil to a base plate
short, heavy, large-bore cannon
moździerz stępa
vessel used to grind ingredients
zaprawa
mixture of lime or cement, sand and water

mortarboard n
biret
cap

mortgage /ˈmɔɹ.ɡɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈmɔː.ɡɪd͡ʒ/ n
hipoteka
special form of secured loan

mortgage /ˈmɔɹ.ɡɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈmɔː.ɡɪd͡ʒ/ v
obciążać hipotekę
to borrow against a property

mortmain /ˈmɔɹt.meɪn/ /ˈmɔːt.meɪn/ n
martwa ręka
inalienable possession of lands

morula /ˈmɔːɹələ/ n
morula
spherical mass of blastomeres

mosaic /moʊˈzeɪ.ɪk/ /moʊˈzeɪk/ /məʊˈzeɪ.ɪk/ /məʊˈzeɪk/ n
mozaika
artwork
genetically diverse individual
viral disease

mosaicist n
mozaicysta
person who designs or builds mosaics

moschatel /ˌmɒskəˈtɛl/ n
piżmaczek
flower

moscovium /mɒˈskəʊ.vi.əm/ n
moskow
115th element

mosque /mɑsk/ /mɒsk/ n
meczet
a place of worship for Muslims

mosquito /mɒˈskiː.təʊ/ /məˈski.toʊ/ n
komar
small flying insect of the family Culicidae, known for biting and sucking blood

mosquito net n
moskitiera komarnik
fine net used to protect against mosquitos

moss /mɑs/ /mɒs/ /mɔs/ n
mech
plants of the division Bryophyta
a kind or species of such plants

moss-grown /ˈmɒsɡɹəʊn/ /ˈmɔsˌɡɹoʊn/ adj
omszały
having a covering of growing moss

mossy /ˈmɑːsi/ /ˈmɒsi/ adj
mszysty omszały
covered in or overgrown with moss

most /ˈmoʊst/ /ˈməʊst/ adv
naj-
forming the superlative

most /ˈmoʊst/ /ˈməʊst/ determiner
najwięcej
superlative of many: comparatively largest number of
superlative of much
większość
majority of

most favored nation n
klauzula największego uprzywilejowania
most favored nation

most of the time adv
najczęściej najwięcej czasu większość czasu
on most occasions

mostly /ˈmoʊstli/ /ˈməʊstli/ adv
przeważnie głównie w głównej mierze
for the most part

mote /moʊt/ /məʊt/ n
pyłek
A small particle; a speck

motel /moʊˈtɛl/ n
motel
type of hotel

moth /mɑθ/ /mɒθ/ /mɔθ/ n
ćma motyl nocny
insect similar to a butterfly

mother /ˈmʌðə(ɹ)/ /ˈmʌðɚ/ [ˈmɐðə(ɹ)] n
matka mama
one’s female parent
matka mama mamusia mamuśka mateczka matuchna
female (human) who parents a child, gives birth to a baby, or is pregnant

mother figure /-ɡjɚ/ /ˈmʌðə ˌfɪɡə/ /ˈmʌðɚ ˌfɪɡɚ/ n
autorytet
one who behaves as, is regarded as equivalent to, or represents a mother

mother lode n
kopalnia złoże żyła
large or rich vein of precious mineral

mother superior n
matka przełożona
nun in charge of a convent

mother tongue /ˈmʌð.ə ˌtʌŋ/ /ˈmʌð.ɚ ˌtʌŋ/ n
język ojczysty
one's native tongue

mother-in-law /ˈmʌ.ðəɹ.ɪnˌlɑː/ /ˈmʌ.ðəɹ.ɪnˌlɔː/ n
teściowa świekra
spouse's mother

mother-of-pearl /ˌmʌðəɹ əv ˈpɜː(ɹ)l/ n
masa perłowa macica perłowa
pearly layer

motherboard /ˈmʌðɚˌbɔɹd/ n
płyta główna
primary circuit board of a computer

motherfucker /ˈmʌðəˌfʌkə/ /ˈmʌðɚˌfʌkɚ/ n
sukinsyn pizda skurwysyn pojeb skurwiel chuj
generic term of abuse

motherhood /ˈmə-/ /ˈmʌðəhʊd/ /ˈmʌðɚˌhʊd/ n
macierzyństwo
state of being a mother

motherland /ˈmʌð.ə.lænd/ /ˈmʌðɚˌlænd/ n
macierz ojczyzna
country of origin
the country of one's birth
ojczyzna macierz ojcowizna
the country of one's ancestors

motherly /ˈmʌðəli/ /ˈmʌðɚli/ adj
matczyny macierzyński
befitting a mother; warm, caring, nurturing, protective, loving

motif /moʊˈtiːf/ n
motyw
recurring or dominant element; a theme

motion /ˈmoʊ.ʃən/ /ˈməʊ.ʃən/ n
ruch
state of progression from one place to another

motion sickness n
choroba morska choroba lokomocyjna
nausea or dizziness in a moving vehicle

motionless /ˈmoʊʃənlɛs/ /ˈməʊʃənlɛs/ adj
nieruchomy
at rest, not moving

motionlessness n
bezruch
the state of no movement

motivate /ˈmoʊ.tɪ.veɪt/ /ˈmoʊ.ɾəˌveɪt/ /ˈməʊ.tɪ.veɪt/ v
motywować zmotywować
to encourage

motivated adj
zmotywowany
enthusiastic; having motivation

motivated reasoning n
rozumowanie tendencyjne rozumowanie umotywowane
phenomenon

motivation n
motywacja
willingness of action especially in behavior
something which motivates
action of motivating
reason for doing something

motivational adj
motywacyjny
tending or intended to motivate

motive /ˈmoʊtɪv/ /ˈməʊtɪv/ n
motyw
a cause to commit a crime
arts: motif
motyw temat
music: theme or subject

motley crew /ˌmɑtli ˈkɹu/ /ˌmɒtli ˈkɹuː/ n
zbieranina
group of people of mixed background, especially one with a common goal

motmot n
piłodziób
Bird in the taxonomic family Momotidae

motocross n
motocross motokros
off-road motorbike racing
event

motor /ˈmoʊtəɹ/ /ˈməʊtə/ [ˈmoʊɾɚ] n
silnik
machine that converts other energy forms into mechanical energy

motor home n
kamper
recreational home on wheels

motor oil n
olej
oil to lubricate an internal-combustion engine

motor scooter n
skuter
small motorcycle or moped

motorboat /ˈmoʊtəˌboʊt/ /ˈməʊtəˌbəʊt/ n
motorówka łódź motorowa
boat driven by an engine

motorcade /ˈməʊtə(ɹ)ˌkeɪd/ /ˌməʊtə(ɹ)ˈkeɪd/ n
parada samochodowa
procession of cars

motorcycle /ˈmoʊtɚˌsaɪkəl/ /ˈməʊtəˌsaɪkəl/ [ˈmoʊɾɚˌsaɪkl̩] n
motocykl
open-seated motor vehicle with handlebars instead of a steering wheel

motorcyclist n
motocyklista motocyklistka
someone who rides a motorcycle

motorist n
kierowca kierujący
one who drives a motor vehicle

motorization n
automobilizm motoryzacja
the act of motorizing something

motorless adj
bezmotorowy

motorway /ˈməʊtəweɪ/ n
autostrada
highway designed for high-speed motor-traffic

motto /ˈmɑ.toʊ/ /ˈmɒ.təʊ/ n
dewiza motto
suggestive sentence, phrase or word
motto dewiza
sentence, phrase or word forming part of an heraldic achievement

mouflon /ˈmuːf.lɑːn/ /ˈmuːf.lɒn/ n
muflon
sheep

mouldboard n
odkładnica
curved blade on a plough that serves to turn over the furrow

mouldy /ˈmoʊldi/ adj
spleśniały
covered with mould

mound /maʊnd/ n
jabłko
part of regalia
kopiec
artificial elevation of earth

mount /maʊnt/ [maʊnt] [maʊnʔ] [mãʊ̃(n)ʔ] n
wierzchowiec
horse

mount /maʊnt/ [maʊnt] [maʊnʔ] [mãʊ̃(n)ʔ] v
dosiąść
to place oneself on a horse, bicycle etc. to ride

mountain /ˈmaʊn.tən/ /ˈmaʊn.tɪn/ [ˈmaʊn.tn̩] [ˈmãʊ̯̃(n)ʔn̩] [ˈmæ̃ʊ̯̃(n)ʔn̩] n
góra
large mass of earth and rock
large amount

mountain bike n
rower górski góral
bicycle especially designed for off-road riding

mountain chain n
łańcuch górski
a series of mountain ranges

mountain chickadee n
sikora górska
Poecile gambeli

mountain gorilla n
goryl górski
Gorilla beringei beringei

mountain guide n
przewodniczka przewodnik

mountain hare n
bielak
Lepus timidus

mountain range n
pasmo górskie
line of mountains

mountain shrike n
dzierzba rdzawoboczna
Lanius validirostris

mountain spinach n
łoboda
Atriplex hortensis

mountain wagtail n
pliszka jasna
Motacilla clara

mountaineer /ˌmaʊn.tɪnˈɪə̯(ɹ)/ /ˌmaʊn.tɪnˈɪɹ/ [ˌmãʊ̯̃(n)ʔn̩ˈiəɹ] [ˌmæ̃ʊ̯̃(n)ʔn̩ˈiəɹ] n
alpinistka alpinista
one who climbs mountains for sport or pleasure
góral
someone who lives in a mountainous area

mountaineering n
alpinizm
sport

mountainous /ˈmaʊn.tən.əs/ /ˈmaʊn.tɪn.əs/ [-ʔn̩-] [ˈmæʊn.tn̩.əs] [ˈmæ̃ʊ̃(n)-] adj
górzysty
having many mountains

mourner /ˈmo(ː)ɹnɚ/ /ˈmoənə/ /ˈmɔɹnɚ/ /ˈmɔːnə/ /ˈmʊənə/ /ˈmʊɹnɚ/ n
żałobnica żałobnik
someone filled with or expressing grief or sadness

mourning /ˈmo(ː)ɹnɪŋ/ /ˈmoənɪŋ/ /ˈmoɹnɪŋ/ /ˈmɔːnɪŋ/ /ˈmʊənɪŋ/ /ˈmʊɹnɪŋ/ [ˈmo̞ɹnɪŋ] n
lament opłakiwanie
act of expressing sorrow
żałoba
clothes worn by mourners
żałoba opłakiwanie
expressing sorrow over death

mouse /maʊs/ /maʊz/ /mʌʊs/ /mʌʊz/ n
mysz myszka
rodent of the genus Mus
mysz myszka mysz komputerowa
computing: input device
myszka cicha myszka
shy person

mouse pad /ˈmaʊs.pæd/ n
podkładka pod mysz
mouse pad

mouse-colored antshrike n
chronka mysia
bird

mouse-eared bat n
nocek
bat of the genus Myotis

mousebird n
czepiga
bird of Coliiformes

mousekin /ˈmaʊskɪn/ n
myszka
little mouse

moussaka /muːˈsɑːkə/ n
musaka
baked dish

mousse /muːs/ n
mus
dessert

moustache /məˈstaːʃ/ /məˈstæʃ/ /məˈstɐːʃ/ /məˈstɑːʃ/ /məˈstɒʃ/ /ˈmʌstæʃ/ n
wąsy
hair on upper lip

moustached /məˈstɑːʃt/ /ˈmʌstæʃt/ adj
wąsaty
having moustache

moustached warbler n
tamaryszka
Acrocephalus melanopogon

moustacheless adj
bezwąsy
without a moustache

mousy /ˈmaʊsi/ adj
mysi
resembling a mouse

mouth /maʊð/ /maʊθ/ /mʌʊθ/ [məʊθ] n
ujście
the end of a river out of which water flows
ujście otwór wylot
an outlet, aperture or orifice
usta gęba paszcza
the opening of a creature through which food is ingested

mouth off v
odpyskiwać odpyskować odpyskowywać
to talk impudently, especially to one's superior

mouth-to-mouth resuscitation n
metoda usta-usta sztuczne oddychanie
first-aid technique to return an unconscious person's respiration by pressing the rescuer's mouth against the mouth of the patient and blowing air into his/her lungs

mouthbrooder /ˈmaʊθbɹuːdə/ /ˈmaʊθˌbɹudɚ/ n
gębacz pyszczak
animal that cares of its offspring by holding them in its mouth

mouthful n
kęs
amount that will fit in a mouth

mouthguard n
ochraniacz na zęby ochraniacz zębów
device

mouthpiece /ˈmaʊθˌpiːs/ n
rzeczniczka rzecznik
spokesman who speaks on behalf of someone else
ustnik
part of a wind or brass instrument

mouthwash n
płyn do płukania jamy ustnej
liquid used to clean one's mouth

mouthwatering adj
apetyczny
delicious in taste

mouthwateringly adv
apetycznie

movability n
mobilność ruchomość
condition of being movable

movable feast n
święto ruchome
a day of note

movable type n
ruchoma czcionka
system of printing and typography

move /muːv/ n
przeprowadzka
the event of changing one's residence
ruch posunięcie
the act of moving a token on a gameboard
zagrywka
change strategy

move /muːv/ v
atandrysować rozczulać rozczulić wzruszać wzruszyć
to arouse the feelings or passions of
działać
to act; to take action
poruszać poruszyć ruszać ruszyć
to cause to change place or posture; to set in motion
poruszać ruszać ruszyć poruszyć
to change place or posture; to go
przemieszczać przemieścić
to transfer from one space or position to another
przeprowadzać przeprowadzić
ruszyć poruszyć
to change the place of a piece

move heaven and earth v
poruszyć niebo i ziemię poruszać niebo i ziemię
to go to extreme lengths

move house v
przeprowadzać się przeprowadzić się

move in v
wprowadzać się wprowadzić się
start living or working in a new place

move out v
wyprowadzać się wyprowadzić się
to vacate one's place of residence

move the goalposts /ˈmuːv ðə ˈɡoʊlpoʊst/ /ˈmuːv ðə ˈɡɔʊlpəʊsts/ /ˈmuːv ðə ˈɡəʊlpəʊsts/ v
zmienić zasady gry
to alter the terms of an agreement or an agreed target, or the rules of a negotiation while it is ongoing

move with the times v
iść z duchem czasu pójść z duchem czasu

movement /ˈmuːv.mənt/ n
ruch
physical motion
trend in various fields or social categories

movie /ˈmuːvi/ n
film kino
motion picture

movie star n
gwiazda filmowa gwiazda ekranu
star of the cinema

movieholic n
kinomaniak

moving /ˈmuːvɪŋ/ adj
poruszający wzruszjący
that causes someone to feel emotion

moving walkway n
ruchomy chodnik
slow conveyor belt that transports people horizontally

mow /maʊ̯/ n
stóg
a stack or barn of/for hay, corn, beans

mow /moʊ/ /məʊ/ v
kosić siec skosić zżąć żąć
to cut down

mozzarella /mut.sə.ˈɹɛl.ə/ /mɑt.sə.ˈɹɛl.ə/ /mɒt.sə.ˈɹɛl.ə/ /mʌt.sə.ˈɹɛl.ə/ n
mozzarella
soft Italian cheese

mozzetta n
mucet
short cape

mu /mju/ /mjuː/ /muː/ n
mi my
Greek letter

much /mʊt͡ʃ/ /mʌt͡ʃ/ adv
bardzo
to a great extent

much /mʊt͡ʃ/ /mʌt͡ʃ/ determiner
dużo wiele
a large amount of

much ado about nothing /mʌtʃ əˈduː əˈbaʊt ˈnʌθɪŋ/ phraseologicalUnit
(robić) wiele hałasu o nic z dużej chmury mały deszcz
a lot of fuss

much good may it do someone phraseologicalUnit
oby dobro trafiło

much less conjunction
a co dopiero a tym bardziej nie mówiąc już (o)
let alone

much of a muchness phraseologicalUnit
mniej więcej to samo
little difference between multiple things

much to be said phraseologicalUnit
wiele do powiedzenia wiele powiedzieć
assertion

mucilaginous /ˌmjuːsɪˈlædʒɪnəs/ adj
kleisty śluzowaty
of, pertaining to, or resembling mucus

muck in v
przyłączać się przyłączyć się

mucormycosis /mju.kəɹ.maɪˈkoʊ.səs/ n
mukormikoza mukormykoza
fungal infection

mucous membrane n
błona śluzowa śluzówka
membrane which secretes mucus

mucus /ˈmjuːkəs/ n
śluz wydzielina
slippery secretion

mud /mʌd/ n
błoto bagno
mixture of soil and water

mud /mʌd/ v
błocić
to make muddy

mud bath n
kąpiel błotna

mud sedge n
turzyca bagienna
sedge species

muddily adv
błotniście

muddiness n
błotnistość
the characteristic of being muddy

muddy /ˈmʌdi/ adj
błotnisty błocisty
covered or splashed with, or full of, mud

muddy /ˈmʌdi/ v
błocić ubłocić
to cover or splash (someone or something) with mud

muddy the waters v
zaciemniać obraz
To make something unclear and difficult to understand

mudguard n
błotnik
a cover over, or a flap behind, the wheels of a vehicle

mudpuddle n
bajoro
a puddle of mud

mudroom n
wiatrołap
Room between outdoors and indoors

mudslide n
powódź błotna
geological disaster in which a large amount of mud gathers and moves rapidly down a hill or slope

muesli /ˈmjuːsli/ /ˈmjuːzli/ n
musli muesli müsli
breakfast dish

muezzin /muˈɛ.zɪn/ n
muezin muezzin
person who issues call to prayer

muff /mʌf/ n
mufka
a piece of fur or cloth for keeping the hands warm

muffin /ˈmʌfɪn/ n
muffin muffinek muffinka
cupcake-shaped baked good, American muffin
proziak
flattish bun, English muffin

mug /mʌɡ/ n
frajer
(colloquial) a person who is easily fooled
gęba morda
(slang) the face
kubek kufel
large cup

muggy /ˈmʌɡi/ adj
parno parny
humid or hot and humid

mugwort /ˈmʌɡwɜːt/ /ˈmʌɡwɝt/ n
bylica
any of several artemisias
bylica pospolita
Artemisia vulgaris

muhafazah n
muhafaza
administrative division

muhammara n
muhammara

mujahid /mʊˈdʒɑːhɪd/ n
mudżahedin
a Muslim engaging in jihad

mujik /muːˈʒiːk/ /ˈmuː(d)ʒɪk/ n
mużyk
Russian peasant

mulatto /m(j)ʊˈlætəʊ/ /muˈlɑtoʊ/ n
Mulat Mulatka
person of mixed black and white descent

mulberry /ˈmʌlbəɹi/ /ˈmʌlbɛɹi/ /ˈmʌlbɹi/ n
morwa
the fruit
the tree

mulch /mʌlt͡ʃ/ n
mulcz
shredded matter for covering the soil

mulch /mʌlt͡ʃ/ v
mulczować zmulczować
to apply mulch

mulching /mʌlt͡ʃɪŋ/ adj
mielący mulczujący rozdrabniający

mulching /mʌlt͡ʃɪŋ/ n
mulczowanie
the act of preparing/applying a mulch

mulching mower /mʌltʃɪŋ moʊəɹ/ /mʌltʃɪŋ məʊə/ n
kosiarka mieląca kosiarka mulczująca
rotary mower

mulct /mʌlkt/ v
ukarać grzywną
impose a fine

mule /mjuːl/ n
muł
offspring of male donkey and female horse
person paid to smuggle drugs
laczek
backless shoe

mullah /ˈmʊ.lə/ /ˈmʌ.lə/ n
mułła
a Muslim religious scholar and teacher

mulled wine n
grzaniec
wine with spices served hot

mullein /ˈmʌlɪn/ n
dziewanna knotnica
plants of the genus Verbascum

mullet /ˈmʌlət/ /ˈmʌlɪt/ n
cefal
fish of the family Mugilidae (grey mullets)
czeski piłkarz
hairstyle

multi-instrumentalist n
multiinstrumentalista multiinstrumentalistka
one who plays more than one musical instruments

multi-level marketing n
marketing wielopoziomowy
sales system

multi-storey adj
wielokondygnacyjny wielopiętrowy
having more than one storey

multi-storey n
piętrowiec
a building with more than one storey

multi-word adj
wielowyrazowy
consisting of more than one word

multiaspectual adj
wieloaspektowy
relating to or exhibiting multiple aspects

multibillionaire n
multimiliarder
person worth many billions

multicellular adj
wielokomórkowy
having many cells

multicolored /ˈmʌltɪˌkʌləd/ /ˈmʌltɪˌkʌlɚd/ adj
wielobarwny różnobarwny różnokolorowy wielokolorowy
having multiple colors

multicultural /ˌmʌltiˈkʌlt͡ʃəɹəl/ adj
wielokulturowy
relating to several different cultures

multiculturalism /ˌmʌltɪˈkʌltʃəɹəˌlɪz(ə)m/ n
multikulturalizm wielokulturowość
societal idea

multidimensional adj
wielowymiarowy
having more than two dimensions

multidimensionality n
wielowymiarowość
the property of being multidimensional

multidirectional adj
wielokierunkowy

multifunctional adj
wielofunkcyjny
having multiple functions

multigenerational adj
wielopokoleniowy

multihour adj
kilkugodzinny wielogodzinny
of two or more hours in duration

multihull /ˈmʌltihʌl/ n
wielokadłubowiec
type of boat

multikilometer adj
wielokilometrowy
of more than one kilometer

multilateral adj
wielostronny wieloboczny
having many sides or points of view

multilayered adj
wielowarstwowy wielowątkowy
having more than one layer

multilayeredness n
wielowarstwowość
state or condition of being multilayered

multilevel /ˌmal.tiˈlev.əl/ /ˌmʌl.taɪˈlɛv.əl/ /ˌmʌl.tiˈlɛv.əl/ adj
kilkustopniowy wielopoziomowy
Having several levels

multilinear adj
wieloliniowy
(mathematics)

multilingual /ˌmʌltiˈlɪŋɡwəl/ adj
wielojęzyczny
able to communicate fluently in multiple languages
pertaining to multiple languages

multilingualism n
wielojęzyczność
ability to speak several languages

multimillion adj
wielomilionowy
having several millions

multimillionaire n
multimilioner
person worth many millions

multinational adj
wielonarodowy wielonarodowościowy
of, or involving more than two countries

multinational n
koncern korporacja
multinational company

multipack n
zgrzewka

multiparty adj
wielopartyjny
involving several different political parties

multiple /ˈml̩tɪpl̩/ /ˈmʌltɪpl̩/ adj
wielokrotny wieloraki złożony
having more than one element, part, component or function

multiple /ˈml̩tɪpl̩/ /ˈmʌltɪpl̩/ n
wielokrotność
a number that may be divided by another number with no remainder

multiple fruit n
owoc złożony
a fruit that develops from the fusion of carpels from more than one flower

multiple rocket launcher n
wieloprowadnicowa wyrzutnia rakietowa

multiple sclerosis n
stwardnienie rozsiane
chronic disease of the brain and spinal cord

multiple unit n
zespół trakcyjny
train of self-propelled cars

multiple-choice adj
wielokrotnego wyboru

multiple-choice question n
pytanie wielokrotnego wyboru
a question where the answerer has the choice between multiple answers

multipliable adj
mnożny

multiplicand /ˌmʌltəplɪˈkænd/ n
mnożna
number that is to be multiplied by another

multiplication /ˌmʌltɪplɪˈkeɪʃən/ n
mnożenie
process
calculation

multiplication sign n
symbol mnożenia znak mnożenia
symbol denoting multiplication

multiplication table n
tabliczka mnożenia
in arithmetic

multiplicative /ˈmʌltɪplɪˌkeɪtɪv/ /ˌmʌltɪˈplɪkətɪv/ adj
mnożny
of or pertaining to multiplication

multiplicative inverse n
odwrotność
inverse with respect to multiplication

multiplier /ˈmʌltɪˌplaɪəɹ/ [ˈmʌɫ.tɪ.ˌplaɪ.ə(ɹ)] [ˈmʌɫ.tɪ.ˌplaɪ.ɚ] n
mnożnik
number

multiply /ˈmʌltɪplaɪ/ v
mnożyć
transitive: perform multiplication on (a number)
intransitive: perform multiplication
mnożyć się
intransitive: breed or propagate
intransitive: grow in number
mnożyć pomnażać
increase the amount, degree or number of

multipurpose adj
wielozadaniowy
having multiple uses

multistage adj
wielostopniowy
having more than one step or phase

multithreaded adj
wielowątkowy
application having more than one thread of execution

multitude -t͡ʃ- /ˈmʌltəˌt(j)ud/ /ˈmʌltɪtjuːd/ n
bezlik mnóstwo multum
great amount or number, often of people

multiuser adj
wieloużytkownikowy

multiverse /ˈmʌltiːˌvɜ(ɹ)s/ /ˈmʌltəˌvɝs/ /ˈmʌltɪˌvɜːs/ n
wieloświat
hypothetical group of all possible universes

mum /mʌm/ n
mama mamusia
mother (informal, familiar)

mum's the word phraseologicalUnit
ani mru-mru
indicates that something is a secret

mumble /ˈmʌmbəl/ n
mamrotanie
quiet vocalization

mumble /ˈmʌmbəl/ v
mamrotać
to speak unintelligibly

mumbo jumbo /mʌmbəʊˈdʒʌmbəʊ/ n
trele-morele
meaningless speech

mummer /ˈmʌm.ə/ /ˈmʌm.ɚ/ n
mim
actor in a pantomime

mummification n
mumifikacja mumifikowanie
the making of a dead body into a mummy to preserve it

mummify v
mumifikować
transitive: to mummify
mumifikować się
intransitive: to become a mummy

mummy /ˈmʌmi/ n
mumia
embalmed corpse
mama mamusia
child's term for mother

mumps n
świnka
contagious disease

munchies /ˈmʌnt͡ʃiz/ n
gastrofaza
craving for food as a result of use of cannabis
gastrofaza wilczy głód
hunger

munchkin /ˈmʌnt͡ʃkɪn/ /ˈmʌnʃkɪn/ n
basałyk
A child

mundane /mʌnˈdeɪn/ adj
przyziemny
ordinary

mung bean /ˈmʊŋ ˌbiːn/ /ˈmʌŋ ˌbiːn/ n
fasola złota
seed of Vigna radiata

municipal /mjuˈnɪsɪpəl/ adj
miejski municypalny
pertaining to city

municipality /mjʊˌnɪsɪˈpælɪti/ n
gmina
a district with a government that typically encloses no other governed districts

munificent /mjuˈnɪfɪsn̩t/ adj
szczodry
(of a person or group) very liberal in giving or bestowing

munition /ˌmjuˈnɪʃən/ n
uzbrojenie amunicja zaopatrzenie
armaments, weapons, ammunition

muntjac /ˈmʌntd͡ʒæk/ /ˈmʌntd͡ʒɑːk/ n
mundżak
deer of the genus Muntiacus

muon /ˈmjuːɒn/ n
mion
an unstable elementary particle in the lepton family

mural /ˈmjɝəl/ /ˈmjʊəɹəl/ /ˈmjʊɹəl/ n
mural
painting on wall

murder /ˈmɜːdə(ɹ)/ /ˈmɝ.dɚ/ n
zabójstwo morderstwo
an act of deliberate killing
the crime of deliberate killing

murder /ˈmɜːdə(ɹ)/ /ˈmɝ.dɚ/ v
zamordować zabić
deliberately kill

murderer /ˈmɜːdəɹə/ /ˈmɝdəɹɚ/ n
morderca zabójca morderczyni zabójczyni
person who commits murder

murderess /-ɹəs/ /mɜːdəˈɹɛs/ /ˈmɜːdəɹɪs/ /ˈmɜːdɹɪs/ /ˈmɝdəɹəs/ n
morderczyni zabójczyni
woman who commits murder

murine /ˈmjʊəɹaɪn/ adj
mysi szczurzy
characteristic of mice

murmur /ˈmɜː.mə(ɹ)/ /ˈmɝ.mɚ/ n
mruczenie pomruk
low sounds or speech
szmer
sound by turbulent flow of blood etc.

murmur /ˈmɜː.mə(ɹ)/ /ˈmɝ.mɚ/ v
bąkać bąknąć
to speak or make low, indistinguishable noise; to mumble
mamrotać
to say something indistinctly, not necessarily in a low voice
sarkać sarknąć
to complain or express discontent

murmurless adj
bezszmerowy
of the heart
silent

murmurlessly adv
bezszmerowo

murrain /ˈmʌɹɪn/ n
mór pomór
disease of cattle

murre /mɜː/ /mɝ/ n
nurzyk
seabird of the genus Uria in the auk family

muscat /ˈmʌskæt/ /ˈmʌskət/ n
muszkat
grape
muszkat muszkatel
wine

muscatel n
muszkatel muszkat
a sweet wine from muscat grapes

muscle /ˈmʌ.sl̩/ /ˈmʌ.səl/ n
mięsień muskuł
contractile tissue
mięśnie mięsień
organ composed of muscle tissue
muskulatura
well-developed physique

muscle memory n
pamięć ciała pamięć mięśniowa pamięć ruchowa
subconscious memorisation of a physical movement

muscle shirt n
obcisły podkoszulek
sleeveless shirt tailored to display the muscles of the body

musclebound adj
muskularny

muscular /ˈmʌ.skjəl.ɚ/ /ˈmʌ.skjʊl.ə/ adj
mięśniowy
of or relating to muscles
muskularny umięśniony
having strength

muscular dystrophy n
dystrofie mięśniowe
muscular dystrophy

muscularity n
muskularość
degree to which the muscles in a body part are developed

musculature n
muskulatura
collection of muscles

muse /mjuz/ /mjuːz/ n
muza
a source of inspiration

muse /mjuz/ /mjuːz/ v
dumać
to become lost in thought
zastanawiać się
to say with due consideration

museum /mjuˈziəm/ /mjuˈzæm/ /mjuːˈziːəm/ /mjəˈziːəm/ [mjuˈzɛəm] n
muzeum
building or institution

mushroom /ˈmʌʃˌɹuːm/ /ˈmʌʃˌɹʊm/ n
grzyb
fruiting body of a fungus
fungus itself

mushroom /ˈmʌʃˌɹuːm/ /ˈmʌʃˌɹʊm/ v
rosnąć jak grzyby po deszczu rosnąć jak na drożdżach
to grow quickly

mushroom cloud n
grzyb atomowy grzyb
mushroom-shaped cloud

mushroomer n
grzybiarz
one who gathers (picks or hunts) mushrooms

mushrooming n
grzybobranie

music /ˈmjuzɪk/ /ˈmjuːzɪk/ n
muzyka
sound, organized in time in a melodious way
any pleasing or interesting sounds

music box n
pozytywka
box that generates or plays music

music of the spheres n
muzyka sfer niebieskich
music produced by celestial bodies

music school /ˈmjuːzɪkˌskuːl/ n
szkoła muzyczna
school of music

music video n
teledysk
motion picture accompanying a song

musical /ˈmju.zɪ.kəl/ adj
muzyczny
of or relating to music

musical /ˈmju.zɪ.kəl/ n
musical
stage performance, show or film

musical chairs n
gorące krzesła
game

musical instrument n
instrument muzyczny
a device, object, contrivance or machine used to produce musical notes or sounds

musical scale n
skala muzyczna
a set of musical notes, typically ordered in pitch

musically adv
muzycznie
in a musical manner

musician /mjuˈzɪʃən/ n
muzyk muzyczka
person who performs or writes music

musicological adj
muzykologiczny
of or pertaining to musicology

musicologist n
muzykolog
one who studies musicology

musicology /mjuːzɪˈkɒlədʒi/ n
muzykologia
study of music

musing n
przemyślenie
thought

musk /mʌsk/ n
piżmo
greasy secretion with powerful odour

musk ox n
piżmowół
Arctic mammal

musket /ˈmʌskət/ /ˈmʌskɪt/ n
muszkiet
firearm

musketeer /ˈmʌskətə(ɹ)/ /ˈmʌskɪtə(ɹ)/ n
muszkieter
foot soldier
member of French royal bodyguard

muskrat /ˈmʌskɹæt/ n
piżmak
Ondatra zibethicus

muslin /ˈmʌz.lɪn/ n
muślin
thin cotton cloth

muss /mʌs/ v
czochrać
rumple

mussel /ˈmʌsəl/ n
małż omułek
any small edible bivalve shellfish

must /məs(t)/ /ˈmʌst/ n
moszcz
fruit juice that will ferment or has fermented, usually from grapes

must /məs(t)/ /ˈmʌst/ v
musieć
be required to

must-have adj
niezbędnik
essential to own

must-have n
niezbędnik
essential item or feature

mustang /ˈmʌs.tæŋ/ n
mustang
horse

mustard /ˈmʌstəɹd/ [ˈmas.təd] [ˈmɐs.təd] [ˈmʊs.təd] [ˈmʌs.tɚd] adj
musztardowy
of the colour of mustard

mustard /ˈmʌstəɹd/ [ˈmas.təd] [ˈmɐs.təd] [ˈmʊs.təd] [ˈmʌs.tɚd] n
gorczyca musztarda
plant
musztarda gorczyca
condiment
musztardowy
colour

mustard gas n
gaz musztardowy iperyt siarkowy
vesicant gas

mustard seed n
ziarno gorczyca
small, round seed of the mustard plant

muster /ˈmʌs.tə/ /ˈmʌs.tɚ/ n
apel przegląd
assembling or review of troops
apel zgromadzenie
any assemblage or display
pokaz
show; display
spęd
roundup of cattle
stadko
collection of peafowl
wzór
something shown for imitation

muster /ˈmʌs.tə/ /ˈmʌs.tɚ/ v
zbierać zebrać
to be gathered together
zwołać zwoływać
to call or assemble together

musty /ˈmʌstɪ/ adj
stęchły
having an odour or taste of mould; (generally) having a stale or unfresh odour or taste

mutable /ˈmjuːtəbəl/ [ˈmjuːtəbl̩] adj
zmienny
changeable

mutant /ˈmjutn̩(t)/ /ˈmjuːtənt/ n
mutant
something that has mutated

mutation /mjuˈteɪʃən/ n
mutacja
heritable change in genetic material
any alteration or change
alteration in the sound of a word

mutatis mutandis /m(j)uˌtɑtəs m(j)uˈtɑndəs/ /m(j)uːˌtɑːtɪs muːˈtandɪs/ /mjuˌteɪtəs mjuˈtændəs/ adv
mutatis mutandis toutes proportions gardées
having changed what needs to be changed

mute /mjuːt/ adj
milczący
silent, not making a sound
niemy
not having the power of speech

mute swan n
łabędź niemy
Cygnus olor

muteness n
niemota
characteristic of being mute

mutinous adj
buntowniczy
likely to commit mutiny

mutiny /ˈmju.tə.ni/ /ˈmjut.ni/ n
bunt rewolta
organized rebellion

mutism /ˈmjuːtɪzəm/ n
mutyzm
psychological disorder

muton n
muton
unit of mutation

mutt /mʌt/ n
kundel mieszaniec
mongrel dog

mutter /ˈmʌtə/ /ˈmʌtɚ/ n
mamrotanie
instance of muttering

mutter /ˈmʌtə/ /ˈmʌtɚ/ v
mamrotać mruczeć bąkać bąknąć
speak under one's breath

mutton /ˈmʌtn̩/ [ˈmʌʔn̩] n
baranina
the flesh of sheep used as food

mutton dressed as lamb n
dzidzia-piernik lampucera z tyłu liceum, z przodu muzeum
middle-aged or elderly woman dressed in a style more suited to a young woman

mutual /ˈmjuːt͡ʃuəl/ adj
wspólny
possessed in common
wzajemny
having the same relationship, each to each other
wzajemny obopólny
reciprocal

mutual admiration society n
grupa wzajemnej adoracji klub wzajemnej adoracji kółko wzajemnej adoracji towarzystwo wzajemnej adoracji
group

mutual friend n
wspólny przyjaciel
friend of each of two or more people

mutually /-lɪ/ /-tʃwə-/ /ˈmjut͡ʃuəli/ /ˈmjuːtʃʊəli/ adv
wspólnie
in a shared manner; equally; affecting all parties the same way
wzajemnie
in the same way, each to the other; reciprocally

mutually intelligible adj
wzajemnie zrozumiały
of a speech variety, able to be understood by speakers of another variety

muzzle /ˈmʌzəl/ n
kaganiec
device to stop an animal from biting
morda pysk ryj
part of animal's head
wylot
open end of a gun

muzzle /ˈmʌzəl/ v
nakładać kaganiec nałożyć kaganiec
to apply a muzzle
to restrain from speaking or acting

my /maɪ/ /mi/ /mə/ /mɪ/ determiner
mój moja
belonging to me

my ass interjection
dupa Jasiu srali muszki, będzie wiosna
Indicates disapproval, disagreement, or disbelief

my blood type is ... phraseologicalUnit
mam grupę krwi ...
my blood type is …

my car has broken down phraseologicalUnit
moje auto się zepsuło mój samochód się zepsuł zepsuł mi się samochód
my car has broken down

my kingdom for a horse phraseologicalUnit
królestwo za konia
willingness to sacrifice anything for something previously unimportant

my name is phraseologicalUnit
mam na imię nazywam się
a way to identify oneself

my pleasure interjection
cała przyjemność po mojej stronie
a polite reaction to receiving thanks

my word interjection
masz babo placek nie mów
an expression of surprise

mycelium /maɪˈsi.li.əm/ n
grzybnia
vegetative part of a fungus

myco- /maɪ.koʊ/ /maɪ.kə/ /mʌɪ.kə(ʊ)/ prefix
miko- myko-

mycology /maɪˈkɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/ /maɪˈkɒ.lə.d͡ʒi/ n
mikologia mykologia
study of fungi

mycorrhiza n
mikoryza
symbiotic relationship between the mycelium of a fungus and the roots of a plant

mycosis /maɪˈkoʊsɪs/ n
grzybica mikoza
an infection caused by a fungus

mycotoxin n
mykotoksyna
toxin produced by a fungus

myelo- prefix
mielo-

myeloma n
szpiczak
malignant tumor of bone marrow

myocyte n
miocyt
a single muscle fiber cell

myoglobin n
mioglobina
small globular protein

myoma /maɪˈoʊmə/ n
mięśniak
tumor composed of muscle tissue

myopathy n
miopatia
any of several diseases of muscle

myopic /maɪˈoʊpɪk/ /maɪˈɑpɪk/ /maɪˈɒpɪk/ adj
krótkowzroczny
unable to see distant objects unaided
shortsighted

myriad /ˈmɪɹi.æd/ /ˈmɪɹi.əd/ adj
nieprzebrany nieprzeliczony niezliczony
great in number

myriad /ˈmɪɹi.æd/ /ˈmɪɹi.əd/ n
miriada
ten thousand
mnóstwo bezlik masa
vast diversity or number

myriagon /ˈmiɹiəɡɑn/ /ˈmɪɹɪəɡɒn/ n
10000[[kąt|-okąt]]

myrmecophagid n
mrówkojad

myrmecophagous adj
mrówkożerczy mrówkożerny
feeding on ants

myrrh /mɜɹ/ [mɜː(ɹ)] [mɝ] n
mirra mira
dried sap of the myrrha tree

myrtle /ˈmɜːtl̩/ /ˈmɝtl̩/ [ˈmɝtɫ̩] [ˈmɝɾɫ̩] n
mirt
evergreen shrub

myself /maɪˈsɛlf/ pronoun
sam sama
in apposition with I; personally
siebie się sobie
me, reflexive form of me

mysophobia n
mizofobia

mysterious /məˈstɪɹi.əs/ /mɪˈstɪəɹi.əs/ /mɪˈstɪɹi.əs/ adj
tajemniczy
of unknown origin
zagadkowy
deliberately evasive or enigmatic

mysteriously adv
tajemniczo zagadkowo
in a mysterious manner

mysteriousness n
tajemniczość
the quality of being mysterious

mystery /ˈmɪst(ə)ɹi/ n
tajemnica misterium
something secret or unexplainable

mystery play n
misterium
medieval dramatic performance

mystic /ˈmɪstɪk/ adj
mistyczny
of, or relating to mystics, mysticism or occult mysteries

mystic /ˈmɪstɪk/ n
mistyczka mistyk
someone who practices mysticism

mystical /ˈmɪstɪkl̩/ /ˈmɪstɪkəl/ adj
mistyczny
relating to mystics or mysticism

mysticism /ˈmɪs.tɪˌsɪz.əm̩/ n
mistycyzm
beliefs and ideas of mystics
doctrine of direct communication of divine truth
transcendental union of soul with the divinity
obscure thoughts and speculations

mystify /ˈmɪstɪfaɪ/ v
zadziwiać zakłopotać
to thoroughly confuse, befuddle or bewilder

myth /mɪθ/ n
mit
divine story
commonly-held but false belief

mythical /ˈmɪθɪkəl/ adj
mityczny
existing in myth

mythological /ˌmɪθəˈlɒd͡ʒɪkəl/ adj
mitologiczny
of, or relating to myths or mythology
legendary

mythology /mɪˈθɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/ /mɪˈθɒl.ə.d͡ʒi/ n
mitologia
collection and study of myths
myths of a people
myths concerning an event, person or institution

mythomania n
mitomania
compulsion to tell lies

mythomaniac /ˌmɪθəʊˈmeɪniæk/ /ˌmɪθəˈmeɪniæk/ n
mitoman mitomanka
someone who suffers from mythomania

myxedema n
obrzęk śluzowaty
form of edema

myxoma n
śluzak
tumor of primitive connective tissue

myxomatosis /ˌmɪksəməˈtəʊsɪs/ n
miksomatoza
rabbit disease

mâche n
roszponka warzywna roszpunka warzywna
Valerianella locusta

n-dimensional adj
wymiarowy
having arbitrary number of dimensions

n/a adj
n/d nd. nie dotyczy
not applicable
niedostępny
not available

na-na na-na boo-boo /ˈnæːnəˌnæːnə ˈbuːˌbuː/ phraseologicalUnit
tere fere kuku
taunt tune

nabob /ˈneɪbɑb/ /ˈneɪbɒb/ n
bogacz bogaczka
someone of great wealth

nacelle /nəˈsɛl/ n
gondola
separate streamlined enclosure mounted on an aircraft to house an engine, cargo, or crew

nacho /ˈnæt͡ʃəʊ/ /ˈnɑt͡ʃoʊ/ n
nachos naczos
tortilla chip

nachos /ˈnætʃəʊz/ /ˈnɑt͡ʃoʊz/ n
nachos naczos
dish

nadir /neɪˈdɪə(ɹ)/ /neɪˈdɪɚ/ /ˈneɪ.də(ɹ)/ /ˈneɪ.dɚ/ /ˈneɪˌdɪə(ɹ)/ /ˈneɪˌdɪɚ/ /ˈnæd.ɪə(ɹ)/ n
nadir
point of the sky
figuratively the lowest point

nag /neɪɡ/ /nɛɡ/ /ˈnæɡ/ n
rosynant
old useless horse

naiad /ˈnaɪæd/ /ˈnaɪəd/ /ˈneɪæd/ /ˈneɪəd/ n
najada
female deity

nail /neɪl/ [neɪ̯ɫ] n
gwóźdź paznokieć
spike-shaped metal fastener used for joining wood or similar materials
paznokieć gwóźdź
on fingers and toes

nail /neɪl/ [neɪ̯ɫ] v
wbijać gwóźdź
employ a nail as a fastener

nail clipper n
obcinacz do paznokci cążki do paznokci
nail trimmer

nail file n
pilniczek pilnik do paznokci
A file for shaping one's fingernails and toenails

nail gun n
gwoździarka
gun which drives nails

nail one's colours to the mast v
obnosić się ze swoimi poglądami
to clearly show one's support

nail polish n
lakier do paznokci
cosmetic lacquer

nail polish remover n
zmywacz do paznokci
solvent used to remove nail polish

nail scissors n
nożyczki do paznokci
small scissors

naive /naɪˈiːv/ /nɑːˈiːv/ adj
naiwny
lacking experience, wisdom, or judgement

naked /ˈneɪkɪd/ /ˈnɛkɪd/ adj
nagi goły
bare, not covered by clothing

naked eye n
gołe oko
unaided eyesight

nakedness n
nagość
state of being naked

naled /ˈnɑlɪd/ /ˈnɑlɪt/ n
naledź
ice

nalivka n
nalewka
a Slavic sweet fruit or berry liqueur

namaste /ˈnʌməsteɪ/ n
namaste
a greeting

name /neɪm/ n
imię nazwa
word or phrase indicating a particular person, place, class or thing
reputacja sława imię
reputation

name /neɪm/ v
identyfikować wskazać
to publicly implicate
mianować wyznaczyć
to designate for a role
nazywać nazwać
to give a name to
określać określić
to identify, define, specify
wybierać wybrać
to mention, specify

name day n
imieniny
feast day of a saint

nameless adj
bezimienny
having no name

namelessly adv
bezimiennie

namelessness n
bezimienność
The state or quality of being nameless

namely /ˈneɪmli/ adv
mianowicie to znaczy
specifically

namesake /ˈneɪmseɪk/ n
imienniczka imiennik
person with the same name as another

namesign n
migane imię

namespace /ˈneɪmspeɪs/ n
przestrzeń nazw
conceptual space

nanny /ˈnæni/ n
niania
child's nurse

nano- /ˈnænoʊ/ /ˈnænəʊ/ prefix
nano-
10-9

nanocluster n
nanoklaster
cluster

nanometre /ˈnænəˌmiːtə(ɹ)/ n
nanometr
subunit of length

nanoparticle n
nanocząstka
microscopic particle

nanophanerophyte /ˌnanə(ʊ)ˈfan(ə)ɹə(ʊ)fʌɪt/ /ˌnænoʊˈfænəɹəˌfaɪt/ n
nanofanerofit
any phanerophyte between about 10 and 80 inches in height

nanopowder n
nanoproszek
agglomerate

nanoscale n
nanoskala
scale of nanotechnology

nanosecond n
nanosekunda
measure of time

nanotechnology n
nanotechnologia
science and technology of creating nanoparticles

nanotube n
nanorurka
A carbon molecule, in the shape of a tube

nanowire n
nanodrut
wire whose width is of the order of nanometers

nap /nap/ /næp/ n
drzemka

nap /nap/ /næp/ v
drzemać
to have a nap

napa cabbage n
kapusta pekińska
type of Chinese cabbage

nape /neɪp/ n
kark
back part of the neck

napkin /ˈnæp.kɪn/ n
serwetka
serviette

napkin ring n
pierścień na serwetę
ring holding napkin

napoleon /nəˈpoʊli.ən/ /nəˈpoʊljn/ /nəˈpoʊljən/ /nəˈpəʊlɪən/ n
napoleon napoleondor
20-franc gold goin

narcissism /ˈnɑɹsəˌsɪzm/ /ˈnɑːsəˌsɪzm/ n
narcyzm
excessive love of oneself

narcissist n
narcysta narcystka narcyz
one who shows extreme love for themselves
person full of egoism

narcissistic /ˌnɑɹ.sɪˈsɪs.tɪk/ /ˌnɑː.sɪˈsɪs.tɪk/ adj
narcystyczny
having an inflated idea of one's own importance
obsessed with one's image and ego

narcissistically adv
narcystycznie
characteristic of narcissism

narcissus /nɑɹˈsɪsəs/ n
narcyz
any of several bulbous flowering plants, of the genus Narcissus

narcolepsy /ˈnɑː(ɹ)kəˌlɛpsi/ n
narkolepsja
sleeping disorder

narcoleptic n
narkoleptyczka narkoleptyk
one who suffers from narcolepsy

narcomania n
narkomania
pathological craving for or addiction to narcotics or alcohol

narcotic /nɑː(ɹ)ˈkɒtɪk/ adj
narkotyczny
related to narcotics

narcotic /nɑː(ɹ)ˈkɒtɪk/ n
narkotyk
class of drugs

narrate /nəˈɹeɪt/ /ˈnæɹeɪt/ v
opowiadać opowiedzieć
to relate a story

narration /nɛɚˈɹeɪ.ʃən/ /ˌnæˈɹeɪ.ʃən/ /ˌnəˈɹeɪ.ʃən/ [ˌnæˈɹeɪ.ʃn̩] [ˌnəˈɹeɪ.ʃn̩] [ˌnɛɚˈɹeɪ.ʃn̩] n
narracja opowiadanie opowieść
orderly recital of the particulars of a transaction or event

narrative /ˈnæɹətɪv/ /ˈnɛɹətɪv/ n
narracja
systematic recitation of an event
relacja
a representation of an event or story

narratology n
narratologia
the study of narrative structure

narrator /-nəˈɹeɪtɚ/ /-ɹətɚ/ /nəˈɹeɪtə/ /ˈnæˌɹeɪtɚ/ [-ɾɚ] n
narrator baj narratorka
in story

narrow /ˈnæɹoʊ/ /ˈnæɹəʊ/ /ˈnɛ(ə)ɹoʊ/ adj
wąski cienki
having small width

narrow /ˈnæɹoʊ/ /ˈnæɹəʊ/ /ˈnɛ(ə)ɹoʊ/ v
zawęzić się zawężać się zwęzić się zwężać się
to get narrower
zwęzić zwężać zawęzić zawężać
to reduce in width or extent

narrow escape /-ɛˈskeɪp/ /ˌnæɹoʊ əˈskeɪp/ /ˌnæɹəʊ ɪˈskeɪp/ n
uniknięcie o mały włos
situation in which some danger or unfortunate circumstance is only just avoided

narrow gauge n
kolej wąskotorowa
a railway gauge that is less than the standard gauge

narrowly /ˈnæɹoʊli/ /ˈnæɹəʊli/ /ˈnɛɹoʊli/ adv
wąsko
closely; by a narrow margin

narsharab n
narszarab

narthex /ˈnɑɹθɛks/ /ˈnɑːθɛks/ n
narteks
vestibule leading to the nave

narwhal /ˈnɑɹwɔl/ /ˈnɑɹwəl/ /ˈnɑɹʍɑl/ /ˈnɑɹʍɔl/ /ˈnɑɹʍəl/ /ˈnɑɹˌweɪl/ /ˈnɑɹˌʍeɪl/ /ˈnɑːwəl/ /ˈnɑːʍəl/ /ˈnɑːˌweɪl/ /ˈnɑːˌʍeɪl/ n
narwal jednorożec
Arctic cetacean

nary /ˈnɛəɹi/ adj
ani

nasal /ˈneɪ.zəl/ adj
nosowy
having a quality imparted by means of the nose
pertaining to the nose

nasal cavity n
jama nosowa
air-filled space behind nose

nasal septum n
przegroda nosowa
partition in the nose

nasal vowel n
samogłoska nosowa nosówka
nasal vowel

nasalization n
nazalizacja
articulation such that air flows through the nose and mouth

nascent /ˈneɪ.sənt/ /ˈnæs.ənt/ adj
powstający rodzący się
emerging; just coming into existence

nastoyka n
nalewka
a Slavic liqueur containing an infusion of herbs and/or fruits in brandy or similar spirit

nasturtium /nasˈtɜːʃəm/ /næsˈtɝʃəm/ /nəsˈtɜːʃəm/ /nəsˈtɝʃəm/ n
nasturcja
plant of the genus Tropaeolum

nation /ˈneɪ̯.ʃən/ /ˈneɪ̯.ʃɪn/ n
nacja stan
sovereign state
naród nacja
community of people

nation-state n
państwo narodowe
nation state or nation-state

national /ˈnaʃn(ə)l/ /ˈnaʃn̩(ə)l/ /ˈnæʃn(ə)l/ /ˈnæʃən(ə)l/ adj
narodowy
pertaining to a nation or country

national anthem n
hymn narodowy
national song of a country

national emblem n
godło godło państwowe
official emblem of a nation or country

national interest n
racja stanu
goal

national park n
park narodowy
national park

nationalisation n
nacjonalizacja
making private assets public

nationalism /ˈnæʃənəlɪzəm/ n
nacjonalizm
idea of supporting one's country and culture

nationalist /ˈnæʃ.nə.lɪst/ /ˈnæʃ.ə.lɪst/ /ˈnæʃ.ə.nə.lɪst/ adj
nacjonalistyczny
of or relating to nationalism

nationalist /ˈnæʃ.nə.lɪst/ /ˈnæʃ.ə.lɪst/ /ˈnæʃ.ə.nə.lɪst/ n
nacjonalista nacjonalistka
advocate of nationalism

nationalitarian n
narodowościowy

nationality /-ˈnæl.ti/ /-ˈnæl.ə.ti/ /ˌnæʃ.əˈnæl.ɪ.ti/ /ˌnæʃ.ˈnæl.ɪ.ti/ n
narodowość obywatelstwo
membership of a nation or state

nationalize /ˈnæʃənəlaɪz/ v
nacjonalizować upaństwawiać unaradawiać unarodowić upaństwowić znacjonalizować
to make a private asset public

nationwide /ˌneɪ.ʃənˈwaɪd/ adj
ogólnonarodowy
nationwide

native /ˈneɪtəv/ /ˈneɪtɪv/ adj
natywny
computing: pertaining to a particular system
rdzenny tubylczy
characteristic of or relating to people inhabiting a region from the beginning
rodzimy ojczysty
belonging to one by birth

native /ˈneɪtəv/ /ˈneɪtɪv/ n
autochton tubylec
person who is native to a place

native speaker n
native speaker native speakerka rodzima użytkowniczka języka rodzimy użytkownik języka nosiciel języka rodowita użytkowniczka języka
person who grew up with a particular language as their mother tongue

nativity /neɪˈtɪvɪti/ /nəˈtɪvɪti/ n
narodzenie
birth

nativity play n
jasełka szopka
the production/performance

nativity scene n
betlejka szopka żłóbek stajenka
nativity scene

natural /ˈnæt͡ʃ(ə)ɹəl/ adj
naturalny
of or relating to nature
without additives
naturalny oczywisty
as expected

natural disaster n
klęska żywiołowa kataklizm katastrofa naturalna
natural phenomenon
stan klęski żywiołowej
emergency situation

natural gas n
gaz ziemny
mixture of gaseous hydrocarbons associated with petroleum deposits

natural history n
historia naturalna
study of the origins and evolution of all living things

natural language n
język naturalny
human language developed naturally

natural logarithm n
logarytm naturalny
logarithm in base e

natural number n
liczba naturalna
positive integer or non-negative integer

natural person n
osoba fizyczna
human being

natural resource n
zasób naturalny
source of wealth that occurs naturally

natural science n
nauka przyrodnicza przyrodoznawstwo
science involved in studying phenomena or laws of the physical world

natural selection n
dobór naturalny selekcja naturalna
natural selection

naturalism n
naturalizm
a state of nature; conformity to nature

naturalization n
naturalizacja
act of granting (or getting granted) citizenship

naturally /ˈnæt͡ʃ(ə)ɹəli/ adv
naturalnie
in a natural manner
inherently or by nature
surely

nature /ˈneɪ.tʃə/ /ˈneɪ.t͡ʃɚ/ /ˈnæe.tʃə/ /ˈnæɪ̯.tʃə/ /ˈnɛː.tʃɐ/ [ˈnæetʃə] [ˈnɐetʃə] n
natura charakter specyfika
essential characteristics
przyroda natura
the natural world and its order

nature calls phraseologicalUnit
natura wzywa
the speaker feels a need to urinate or defecate

nature of the beast n
natura sprawy
unchangeable nature

nature reserve n
rezerwat przyrody
area managed to conserve natural features

naughty /ˈnɑɾi/ /ˈnɔɾi/ /ˈnɔːti/ adj
niegrzeczny nieposłuszny psotny
bad; tending to misbehave or act badly

nausea /ˈnɑsi.ə/ /ˈnɑzi.ə/ /ˈnɑʃə/ /ˈnɑʒə/ /ˈnɔsi.ə/ /ˈnɔzi.ə/ /ˈnɔʃə/ /ˈnɔʒə/ /ˈnɔːsɪə/ /ˈnɔːzɪə/ n
mdłości nudności
feeling of physical unwellness, usually with the desire to vomit
obrzydzenie wstręt
strong dislike or disgust

nauseous /ˈnɑːʃəs/ /ˈnɑːʒəs/ /ˈnɔːsɪəs/ /ˈnɔːzɪəs/ /ˈnɔːʃəs/ /ˈnɔːʒəs/ adj
mający mdłości mający nudności
afflicted with nausea

nautical /ˈnoː.tɪ.kəl/ /ˈnɑ.tɪ.kəl/ /ˈnɔ.tɪ.kəl/ /ˈnɔː.tɪ.kəl/ [ˈnoː.ɾɪ.kl̩] [ˈnɑ.ɾɪ.kl̩] [ˈnɔ.ɾɪ.kl̩] [ˈnɔː.tɪ.kl̩] adj
żeglarski morski
relating to ships, shipping, navigation, and seamen

naval mine n
mina morska
anti-ship weapon

navalism n
militaryzm
naval militarism

nave /neɪv/ n
nawa nawa główna
the middle or body of a church
piasta
hub of a wheel

navel /ˈneɪbəl/ /ˈneɪvəl/ n
pępek
remnant of umbilical cord

navigability n
spławność żeglowność
state of being navigable

navigable /ˈnævɪɡəbəl/ adj
żeglowny pławny
for a body of water: sea, river etc.

navigation /nævɪˈɡeɪʃən/ n
nawigacja
theory, practice and technology of charting a course for a ship, aircraft or spaceship
traffic or travel by vessel

navigator n
nawigator
officer who navigates

navvy /ˈnævi/ n
kopacz
a laborer on a civil engineering project such as a canal or railroad

navy /ˈneɪvi/ adj
granatowy
having a navy (dark blue) colour

navy /ˈneɪvi/ n
granat
navy blue colour
marynarka
sea force
marynarka wojenna
department

navy blue n
granat
a dark blue color

nay /neɪ/ adv
ba
or rather

naïveté /nɑˌiːvəˈteɪ/ /nɑˌiːvˈteɪ/ n
naiwność
lack of sophistication, experience, judgement or worldliness; artlessness; gullibility; credulity

near /nɛə/ /nɪə(ɹ)/ /nɪə/ /nɪɚ/ [nɪː] adj
bliski
physically close
close in time

near /nɛə/ /nɪə(ɹ)/ /nɪə/ /nɪɚ/ [nɪː] adv
blisko
at or towards a position close in space or time

near /nɛə/ /nɪə(ɹ)/ /nɪə/ /nɪɚ/ [nɪː] preposition
blisko
in close proximity to

near post n
słupek bliski
goalpost

near-synonym n
bliskoznacznik
term which has a similar meaning

nearby /ˌnɪə(ɹ)ˈbaɪ/ adv
blisko
close to

nearly /ˈniːɹli/ /ˈnɪəli/ /ˈnɪɹli/ adv
prawie bez mała blisko
almost, but not quite

nearsightedness n
krótkowzroczność
property of being nearsighted

neat /ˈniːt/ adj
fajny
colloquial: good, excellent, desirable

neat freak n
czyścioch pedant pedantka
person obsessed with tidiness or cleanliness

nebula /ˈnɛbjʊlə/ n
mgławica
a space cloud

nebulous /ˈnɛbjʊləs/ adj
mgławicowy
relating to nebulae

nebulously /ˈnɛb.jʊ.ləs.li/ adv
mgliście
as if viewed through a cloud or haze
in a manner like that of a cloud or haze
vaguely

necessarily /ˈnɛs.ə.sə.ɹɪ.li/ /ˈnɛs.ə.sɛɹ.li/ /ˌnes.əˈseɹ.li/ /ˌnes.əˈseɹ.ə.li/ /ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/ adv
koniecznie
of necessity

necessary /ˈnɛsəsɹi/ /ˈnɛsəɹi/ /ˈnɛsəˌsɛɹi/ adj
konieczny potrzebny
needed, required

necessary condition n
warunek konieczny
logical statement

necessary evil n
zło konieczne
unfavorable thing that must be done or accepted

necessitate /nəˈsɛsəˌteɪt/ /nɪˈsɛsɪteɪt/ v
wymagać
to make necessary; require something to be brought about

necessity /nɪˈsɛsəti/ n
artykuł pierwszej potrzeby
that which is necessary
potrzeba konieczność
quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite

necessity is the mother of invention proverb
potrzeba jest matką wynalazków
a person in need will find a way

necessity knows no law proverb
tonący brzytwy się chwyta
a person who is in great need of something will find a way to get it, and break the law if needed

neck /nɛk/ n
gryf szyja
extension of stringed instrument
kołnierz
part of a shirt, dress etc.
szyja kark
part of body connecting the head and the trunk
szyjka szyja
tapered part of a bottle

neck and neck phraseologicalUnit
łeb w łeb
very close in progress

neckbrace n
kołnierz ortopedyczny
orthopedic device used to support the neck

neckerchief /ˈnɛkə(ɹ)tʃiːf/ /ˈnɛkə(ɹ)tʃɪf/ n
apaszka
type of scarf

necklace /ˈnɛkləs/ /ˈnɛklɪs/ n
naszyjnik
jewelry

neckless /ˈnɛklɪs/ adj
bezszyjny
without a neck

necktie /ˈnɛk.taɪ/ n
krawat
strip of cloth worn around the neck and tied in the front

necro- /ˈnɛk.ɹəʊ/ prefix
nekro-
related to death

necromancer /ˈnɛkɹə(ʊ)ˌmænsə/ /ˈnɛkɹəˌmænsɚ/ n
nekromanta
person who practices necromancy

necromancy /ˈnɛkɹəˌmænsi/ n
nekromancja
divination involving the dead

necrophage n
nekrofag
organism

necrophagous /nɛˈkɹɑ.fə.ɡəs/ /nɛˈkɹɒf.ə.ɡəs/ adj
padlinożerny trupożerny
that eats dead or decaying flesh

necrophilia /nɛkɹoʊˈfɪli.ə/ /nɛkɹoʊˈfɪljə/ /ˌnɛkɹə(ʊ)ˈfɪlɪə/ n
nekrofilia
pathological attraction to dead bodies

necropolis /nə-/ /nɛˈkɹɑpələs/ /nɛˈkɹɒplɪs/ /nɛˈkɹɒpəlɪs/ /nɪ-/ n
nekropola nekropolia
cemetery

necrosis n
martwica nekroza
localized death of cells or tissue

necrotizing fasciitis n
martwicze zapalenie powięzi
necrotizing fasciitis

nectar /ˈnɛk.tə/ /ˈnɛk.təɹ/ n
nektar
any delicious drink
drink of the gods
sweet liquid secreted by flowers

nectarine /ˈnɛk.tə.ɹiːn/ n
nektaryna nektarynka
fruit

nectary n
miodnik nektarium
gland that secretes nectar

neddicky n
chwastówka piskliwa
Cisticola fulvicapilla

neddy /ˈnɛdi/ n
dureń głupek
an idiot; a stupid or contemptible person
koń koń wyścigowy
a horse, especially a racehorse
osioł
a donkey or ass

need /nid/ /niːd/ [nɪi̯d] n
potrzeba
something required
lack of means of subsistence

need /nid/ /niːd/ [nɪi̯d] v
potrzebować
to have an absolute requirement for
to want strongly

needle /ˈniː.dəl/ n
igła
leaf of conifer
sensor phonograph stylus
igła drut
implement for sewing etc.
wskazówka igła
indicating device

needle /ˈniː.dəl/ v
drażnić
to tease in order to provoke

needle furze n
janowiec angielski
Genista anglica

needle gun n
iglicowy karabin karabin iglicowy
a firearm that has a needle-like firing pin

needle in a haystack n
igła w stogu siana
idiomatic

needlecase n
igielnik
case for keeping needles

needless /ˈniːdləs/ adj
niepotrzebny zbyteczny
not needed

needless to say adv
jasna rzecz rzecz jasna wiadomo
obviously

needy /ˈniːdi/ adj
potrzebujący biedujący
in need, poor

negate /nɪˈɡeɪt/ v
negować zaprzeczać zanegować zaprzeczyć
to deny the existence, evidence, or truth of; to contradict

negation /nəˈɡeɪʃən/ n
negacja
negation in logic
odmowa
denial or contradiction
zaprzeczenie negacja negowanie zaprzeczanie
act of negating something

negative /-ɾɪv/ /ˈnɛ(e)ɡəˌɾɪv/ /ˈnɛɡətɪv/ adj
negatywny
pessimistic
inherently damaging
negatywny negatyw
linguistics: denying a proposition
negatywny ujemny
not positive or neutral
negatywowy
of or relating to a photographic image in which the colours and relations are reversed
ujemny negatyw
of electrical charge
mathematics: less than zero

negative /-ɾɪv/ /ˈnɛ(e)ɡəˌɾɪv/ /ˈnɛɡətɪv/ n
negatyw
photography
zaprzeczenie
grammar: word that indicates negation

negative number n
liczba ujemna
negative number

negatively adv
negatywnie
in a negative manner

neglect /nɪˈɡlɛkt/ v
zaniedbywać zaniedbać
fail to care for
omit to notice; slight; disregard

neglectful adj
niedbały
tending to neglect

negligently adv
niedbale
in a negligent manner

negligible /ˈnɛɡlɪd͡ʒɪbəl/ adj
nieistotny
able to be ignored or excluded

negotiable /nɪˈɡoʊʃi.əbəl/ /nɪˈɡəʊʃi.əbəl/ adj
negocjowalny
open to negotiation or bargaining

negotiable instrument n
dokument zbywalny
legal document

negotiate /nəˈɡoʊ.ʃi.eɪt/ /nəˈɡəʊ.ʃi.eɪt/ /nɪˈɡoʊ.ʃi.eɪt/ /nɪˈɡəʉ.si.æɪt/ /nɪˈɡəʉ.ʃi.æɪt/ /nɪˈɡəʊ.si.eɪt/ v
negocjować
confer to reach an agreement (intransitive)
pokonać pokonywać
coping with, getting over
uzgodnić wynegocjować
arrange a mutual agreement (transitive)

negotiation /nəˌɡoʊ.ʃiˈeɪ.ʃən/ /nɪˌɡoʊ.ʃiˈeɪ.ʃən/ /nɪˌɡəʊ.siˈeɪ.ʃən/ /nɪˌɡəʊ.ʃiˈeɪ.ʃən/ n
negocjacje negocjacja
process of achieving agreement

negress /ˈniːɡɹɪs/ n
murzynka
black female

negro /ˈniɡɹoʊ/ /ˈniːɡɹəʊ/ /ˈnɪɡɹə/ n
murzyn murzynka
black person

negroni /nəˈɡɹoʊni/ /nɪˈɡɹəʊnɪ/ n
negroni
cocktail made from gin, Campari and vermouth

negus /ˈniːɡəs/ n
negus
king of Abyssinia (Ethiopia)

neigh /neɪ/ n
rżenie
the cry of a horse

neigh /neɪ/ v
rżeć
(of a horse) to make its cry
to make a sound similar to a horses' cry

neighborhood /ˈneɪbə.hʊd/ /ˈneɪbɚˌhʊd/ n
otoczenie
topology: set containing an open set which contains some specified point
sąsiedztwo
area near one's home
quality of being a neighbor

neighbour /ˈneɪbə/ /ˈneɪbɚ/ n
bliźni
fellow human
sąsiad sąsiadka
a person living on adjacent or nearby land

neighbour /ˈneɪbə/ /ˈneɪbɚ/ v
sąsiadować
to be adjacent to

neighbourly adj
dobrosąsiedzki
friendly

neither /ˈnaɪ.ðə(ɹ)/ /ˈnaɪ.ðɚ/ /ˈneɪ.ðə(ɹ)/ /ˈni.ðɚ/ /ˈniː.ðə(ɹ)/ adv
też nie
similarly not

neither /ˈnaɪ.ðə(ɹ)/ /ˈnaɪ.ðɚ/ /ˈneɪ.ðə(ɹ)/ /ˈni.ðɚ/ /ˈniː.ðə(ɹ)/ determiner
ani X, ani Y
not either (used with nor): neither X nor Y
żaden
not one of two; not either

neither /ˈnaɪ.ðə(ɹ)/ /ˈnaɪ.ðɚ/ /ˈneɪ.ðə(ɹ)/ /ˈni.ðɚ/ /ˈniː.ðə(ɹ)/ pronoun
też nie
żaden
not either one

neither fish nor fowl /ˌnaɪðə ˈfɪʃ nɔː ˈfaʊl/ /ˌnaɪðɚ ˈfɪʃ nɔɹ ˈfaʊl/ /ˌni-/ /ˌniː-/ adj
ni pies, ni wydra
not easily categorized; not rightly belonging or fitting well in a given group or situation; not having the advantages of the various options

neither fish, flesh, nor good red herring adj
ni w pizdę, ni w oko wrzód na dupie
not easily categorized; not rightly belonging or fitting well in a given group or situation; not having the advantages of the various options

neither … nor conjunction
ani … ani
used for showing that something is not true of two or more people, things, actions, qualities, or ideas

nematode /ˈnɛm.ə.təʊd/ /ˈnɛm.əˌtoʊd/ n
askaryda glista nicień
small invertebrate animal

nene /ˈneɪneɪ/ /ˈneɪˌneɪ/ n
bernikla hawajska gęś hawajska ne-ne
Branta sandvicensis

neo-Gothic adj
neogotycki
of or relating to iteration of Gothic style

neo-Nazi /ˌnioʊˈnɑːtsi/ adj
neonazistowski
of or pertaining to Neo-Nazism

neo-Nazi /ˌnioʊˈnɑːtsi/ n
neonazista neonazistka
person who believes in a Nazi ideology

neo-Nazism n
neonazizm
the ideology held by neo-Nazis

neo-testamentary /ˌnioʊˌtɛstəˈmɛntəɹi/ /ˌniːəʊˌtɛstəˈmɛntəɹi/ /ˌniːəʊˌtɛstəˈmɛntɹi/ [-ɾə-] adj
nowotestamentowy
of or pertaining to the New Testament of the Bible

neodymium /nɪə(ʊ)ˈdɪmɪəm/ /ˌniː.oʊˈdɪmiəm/ n
neodym
chemical element

neofascism n
neofaszyzm
right-wing political movement

neoliberalism n
neoliberalizm
political ideology

neologism /niːˈɒləd͡ʒɪzəm/ n
neologizm nowosłowie nowosłów nowotwór
recently coined word

neon /ˈni.ɒn/ n
neon
element

neon lamp n
jarzeniówka
small gas discharge lamp

neontology n
neontologia
the study of organisms living in the current era

neopronoun n
neozaimek
pronoun used in place of he, she, or they

neosemanticism n
neosemantyzm

neoteny /niˈɑːtəni/ /niˈɒtəni/ n
neotenia
retention of juvenile characteristics in the adult
sexual maturity of an organism still in its larval stage

nephew /ˈnɛf.ju/ /ˈnɛv.ju/ n
bratanek siostrzeniec
fraternal or sororal nephew

nephrectomy n
nefrektomia
the surgical removal of a kidney

nephric /ˈnɛf.ɹɪk/ adj
nefryczny nerkowy
relating to or connected with a kidney

nephrite /ˈnɛfˌɹaɪt/ n
nefryt
semi-precious stone

nephrologist n
nefrolog
physician

nephrology n
nefrologia
branch of medicine that deals with the kidneys

nepoticide /-ɾə-/ /nəˈpɑtəsaɪd/ /nəˈpɒtɪsaɪd/ n
morderstwo bratanka morderstwo siostrzeńca
killing of one's own nephew

nepotism /ˈnɛp.ə.tɪ.zəm/ n
nepotyzm
favoring of relatives or personal friends

neptunium /nɛpˈtjuːniəm/ /nɛpˈtuːniəm/ n
neptun
chemical element

nerd /nɜːd/ /nɝːd/ n
nerd
intellectual, skillful person, generally introverted

neritic adj
nerytyczny

nerve /nɛɾv/ /nɜɪv/ /nɜːv/ /nɝv/ n
nerw
bundle of neurons
colloquial: neuron
nerwy
mental agitation caused by a negative emotion
odwaga
courage, boldness
tupet bezczelność czelność zuchwalstwo
audacity
żyłka
botany: vein; grain in wood

nervous /ˈnɑvəs/ /ˈnɜːvəs/ /ˈnɝːvəs/ adj
nerwowy
apprehensive, anxious
easily agitated or alarmed
relating to the nerves

nervous system n
układ nerwowy
system which coordinates the activity of the body

nervously adv
nerwowo
in a nervous manner

ness /nɛs/ n
cypel przylądek
a promontory; a cape or headland

nest /nɛst/ n
gniazdko gniazdo
snug residence
gniazdo
bird-built structure
place for depositing eggs
retreat
kryjówka gniazdo
hideout

nest /nɛst/ v
gnieździć
to build or settle into a nest
zagnieździć
to place in a nest
to successively place inside another
znaleźć schronienie
to settle into a home

nest egg n
zaskórniak
savings
zbuk
egg placed in a bird's nest

nestcam n
kamera do monitoringu gniazda

nesting /ˈnɛstɪŋ/ n
gniazdowanie
the process by which a bird nests

nestle /ˈnɛsəl/ v
przytulić się
to press oneself against another affectionately
zagnieździć się
to settle oneself comfortably and snugly

nestling /ˈnɛstlɪŋ/ n
pisklę
small, young bird that is still confined to the nest

net /nɛt/ adj
netto
remaining after expenses or deductions

net /nɛt/ n
siatka
sports: mesh stretched to divide the court
sports: mesh-backed framework as goal
siatka wielościanu
geometry: set of joined polygons
sieć siatka
interconnecting system
device for catching fish, butterflies etc.
device for trapping something
anything that has the appearance of a net
mesh of string, cord or rope
figurative: trap

net curtain n
firanka firanki
thin curtain

net income n
dochód netto
income after tax
dochód dochód netto
gross profit minus operating expenses and taxes

nether /nɛð.ə/ /nɛð.ɚ/ adj
dolny
lower
podziemny
beneath the earth's surface

netherworld n
zaświaty
the spirit world

netizen n
internauta cybernauta cybernautka internautka
member of Internet community

nettle /ˈnɛt(ə)l/ n
pokrzywa
stinging herb of genus Urtica

nettop n
nettop

network /ˈnɛt.wɜːk/ /ˈnɛt.wɝk/ n
sieć
multiple computers and other devices connected together
fabric or structure of fibrous elements
sieć układ
interconnected group or system
układy
directory of people

network card n
karta sieciowa
computer card

network interface card n
karta sieciowa
computer hardware component

neume /n(j)um/ /njuːm/ n
neuma
sign used in early musical notation

neural network n
sieć neuronowa
in artificial intelligence
in anatomy

neuralgia n
neuralgia nerwoból newralgia
nerve pain

neuro- /ˈn(j)ʉːɹɐʉ/ /ˈn(j)ʊɹoʊ/ /ˈnjʊəɹəʊ/ prefix
neuro-
relating to nerves or the nervous system

neuroanatomic adj
neuroanatomiczny

neuroanatomy /njʊəɹəʊəˈnatəmi/ n
neuroanatomia
the anatomy of the nervous system

neuroblast n
neuroblast
embryonic cell that develops into a nerve cell

neurofibromatosis n
nerwiakowłókniakowatość
genetic disorder

neurogenesis n
neurogeneza

neuroglia n
glej komórka glejowa
cytology: glial cell

neurolinguistics n
neurolingwistyka
science

neurological adj
neurologiczny
dealing with the study of the brain

neurologist n
neurolog neurolożka
doctor or scientist who practices or specializes in neurology

neurology /n(j)uˈɹɒləd͡ʒi/ n
neurologia
branch of medicine that deals with the nervous system and its disorders

neuron /ˈn(j)uɹɑn/ /ˈn(j)ɝɑn/ /ˈn(j)ʊɹɑn/ /ˈnjəɹɑn/ /ˈnjʊəɹɒn/ n
neuron komórka nerwowa
a cell of the nervous system

neuropathologist n
neuropatolog

neuropteran n
sieciarka
insect of the order Neuroptera

neuroscience n
neuronauka
scientific study of the nervous system

neuroscientist n
neuronaukowiec
scientist whose specialty is neuroscience

neurosis n
nerwica
mental disorder

neurosurgeon n
neurochirurg
brain surgeon

neurotic /n(j)əˈɹɒtɪk/ /n(j)ʊəˈɹɒtɪk/ adj
neurotyczny
overanxious

neurotic /n(j)əˈɹɒtɪk/ /n(j)ʊəˈɹɒtɪk/ n
neurotyk
person who has a neurosis

neurotoxin /ˈn(j)ʊɹoʊtɑksɪn/ n
neurotoksyna
type of toxin

neurotransmitter n
neuroprzekaźnik mediator neuromediator neurotransmiter
substance responsible for sending nerve signals across a synapse between two neurons

neuter /ˈn(j)utɚ/ /ˈnjuːtə/ adj
nieprzechodni
grammar: intransitive
nijaki
grammar: having a form which is not masculine nor feminine
neutral, neither one thing nor another

neuter /ˈn(j)utɚ/ /ˈnjuːtə/ n
rodzaj nijaki
the neuter gender (grammar)
grammar: noun of the neuter gender

neutral /ˈnjuːtɹəl/ /ˈnuːtɹəl/ [ˈnuːt͡ʃɹəl] adj
bezpłciowy
biology: having no sex
neutralny bezstronny
not taking sides in a conflict

neutrality /njuːˈtɹæləti/ /nuˈtɹæləti/ n
neutralność
indifference in quality
international law: condition of a nation or government
neutralność bezstronność
state of being neutral; taking no part on either side

neutralization n
neutralizacja
neutralization

neutralize v
neutralizować
to make even, inactive or ineffective

neutrino /njuːˈtɹiːnəʊ/ /nuˈtɹinoʊ/ n
neutrino
An elementary particle with extremely small mass and no electric charge

neutron /ˈn(j)uː.tɹɒn/ /ˈnu.tɹɑn/ n
neutron
subatomic particle

neutron star n
gwiazda neutronowa
star composed of neutrons

never /ˈnɛv.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈnɛv.ɚ/ adv
nigdy
at no time

never again adv
nigdy więcej
at no time in the future

never ever adv
nigdy przenigdy
emphatic never

never in a million years adv
za chińskiego boga
absolutely not

never mind /ˈnɛ.vɚˌmaɪnd/ /ˈnɛv.ə(ɹ)ˌmaɪnd/ v
mniejsza z tym nieważne
I was wrong; I withdraw my previous statement
nie przejmować się
do not be concerned (about someone or something, or about doing something)
nieważne
it is not important

never say die interjection
nie rozpaczaj
do not despair

never say never phraseologicalUnit
nigdy nie mów nigdy
never say never

nevertheless /ˈnɛvəðəlɛs/ /ˈnɛvɚðəlɛs/ adv
niemniej jednak jednakże jednakowoż
in spite of what preceded

new /n(j)u/ /njuː/ /njʉː/ adj
młody nowy
newborn
nowy
recently made or created
additional, recently discovered
distinguishing something established more recently
current or later
in original condition, pristine
inexperienced, unaccustomed
recently arrived or appeared
refreshed, reinvigorated
of recent origin
strange, unfamiliar

new blood n
świeża krew
person newly brought in

new broom n
nowa miotła
new leader or management

new moon n
nów
phase of moon when in conjunction with sun
the moon when in conjunction with sun

new religious movement n
nowy ruch religijny
religious community or spiritual group

newbie /ˈnjuːbi/ /ˈnuːbi/ n
nowicjusz nowicjuszka newbie
new (inexperienced) user or participant

newborn adj
nowonarodzony
recently born

newborn n
noworodek
recently born baby

newcomer /ˈn(j)uˌkʌmɚ/ /ˈnjuːkʌmə/ [ˈn(j)uˌkʰʌmɚ] n
przybysz przybyszka
one who has recently arrived in a community

newel /ˈnju.əl/ /ˈnjuː.əl/ /ˈnu.əl/ n
słupek balustrady schodowej
central pillar of staircase

newline n
koniec linii koniec wiersza

newlywed /ˈnjuːliˌwɛd/ n
nowożeniec
a recently married person

newness /ˈn(j)uːnəs/ n
nowość
novelty

news /n(j)uz/ /njuːz/ n
news nowości
new information of interest
wiadomość wiadomości
reports of current events

news agency n
agencja prasowa
organisation that gathers and distributes news

news anchor n
prezenter prezenter wiadomości
presenter of news broadcasts

news channel n
kanał informacyjny program informacyjny stacja informacyjna
a television channel dedicated to news

newsagent n
kioskarka kioskarz
person

newscast n
wiadomości
broadcast of news

newsfeed n
aktualności
a feed of news content

newsletter /ˈn(j)uzˌlɛtɚ/ /ˈnjuːzˌlɛtə/ n
biuletyn
publication

newspaper /ˈn(j)uzˌpeɪpɚ/ /ˈnjuːsˌpe(ɪ)pɚ/ /ˈnjuːsˌpeɪpə/ /ˈnjuːzˌpe(ɪ)pɚ/ /ˈnjuːzˌpeɪpə/ n
gazeta
publication
gazeta gazetówka
paper on which newspapers are printed

newspeak /ˈn(j)uːspiːk/ n
nowomowa
use of ambiguous words to deceive listeners

newsprint n
gazeta gazetówka
inexpensive paper used in newspapers

newsroom /ˈnjuːzɹuːm/ n
newsroom
the office of a news organisation

newsstand n
kiosk z gazetami stoisko z gazetami
open stall where newspapers and magazines are on sale

newt /ˈn(j)ut/ /ˈnjuːt/ /ˈnjʉːt/ n
traszka
type of salamander

newton n
niuton
derived unit of force

next /nɛkst/ adj
następny przyszły
following in a sequence

next /nɛkst/ adv
dalej
On the first subsequent occasion
następnie
In a time, place or sequence closest or following

next of kin n
najbliższy krewny
closest blood relative, often heir to inheritance

next time n
na drugi raz następnym razem
on the following occasion

next to preposition
obok
beside; alongside

next to nothing pronoun
prawie nic
very little

next year adv
w przyszłym roku
year after this one

nexus /ˈnɛksus/ /ˈnɛksuːs/ /ˈnɛksəs/ n
grupa zespół
connected group
ogniwo związek
form or state of connection

ney n
nej
a type of flute

nib /nɪb/ n
stalówka
tip of a pen

nice /naɪs/ /nɑjs/ /nɑɪs/ /nəɪs/ adj
miły
having a pleasant taste or aroma
miły przyjemny dobry fajny
pleasant

nicely /ˈnʌɪsli/ adv
miło ładnie
pleasantly

niche /niʃ/ /niːʃ/ /nɪt͡ʃ/ /nɪʃ/ adj
niszowy
pertaining to a market niche

niche /niʃ/ /niːʃ/ /nɪt͡ʃ/ /nɪʃ/ n
nisza
cavity, hollow, or recess
ecological function of an organism
position of opportunity

nickel /ˈnɪk.əl/ n
nikiel
element
pięciocentówka
coin

nickel silver n
alpaka argentan
alloy

nickname /ˈnɪkneɪm/ n
przezwisko
byname
przezwisko przydomek ksywa ksywka nick
familiar, invented given name

nicotine /ˈnɪkətiːn/ n
nikotyna
addictive alkaloid derived from tobacco

nicotine gum n
guma nikotynowa
form of chewing gum that slowly releases nicotine into the body

nicotineless adj
beznikotynowy

nictitating membrane n
migotka
transparent protective fold of skin

niddy-noddy n
motowidło
a tool to make skeins from yarn

nidify /ˈnɪd.əˌfaɪ/ v
gniazdo gniazdować wić
to make a nest

niece /nis/ /niːs/ n
siostrzenica bratanica
fraternal or sororal niece

nigella /naɪˈd͡ʒɛlə/ n
czarnuszka
plant of the genus Nigella

niggardly /ˈnɪɡədli/ /ˈnɪɡɚdli/ adj
skąpy
withholding

nigger /ˈnɪɡə(ɹ)/ /ˈnɪɡɚ/ n
czarnuch asfalt bambus
black person (derogatory)

niggerboy n
asfalt

niggergirl n
asfalt
young black woman (slur)

nigh /naɪ/ adj
bliski
near, close by

nigh /naɪ/ adv
blisko niebawem
almost; nearly

night /naɪt/ /nʌɪt/ n
noc
period between sunset and sunrise
night spent away from home
darkness
evening or night spent at a particular activity
quality of sleep obtained during a night

night heron n
ślepowron
species of heron

night mode n
tryb nocny

night of the long knives n
noc długich noży
purge

night owl /ˈnaɪt aʊl/ /ˈnaɪt ˌaʊl/ n
nocny marek
one who is awake at night

night person n
nocny marek sowa
night-active person

night shelter n
noclegownia
shelter designed to accommodate homeless people at night

night shift n
nocka nocna zmiana
period
nocna zmiana
group of workers

night vision n
noktowizja
ability to see in the dark

nightcap /ˈnaɪtˌkæp/ n
szlafmyca
warm cap worn at night

nightclub n
klub nocny
establishment that is open late at night

nightfall /ˈnaɪt.fɑl/ /ˈnaɪt.fɔl/ n
zmierzch zmrok
the close of the day; the coming of night

nightgown /ˈnaɪtˌɡaʊn/ n
koszula nocna
sleeping garment worn by women

nightingale /ˈnaɪtɪŋɡeɪl/ n
słowik słowik rdzawy
bird

nightjar /ˈnaɪtd͡ʒɑɹ/ /ˈnaɪtd͡ʒɑː/ n
lelek
nocturnal bird of the family Caprimulgidae

nightlife /ˈnaɪtˌlaɪf/ n
nocne życie
Selection of nocturnal activities

nightly /ˈnaɪtli/ adj
conocny
occurring every night

nightmare /ˈnaɪt.mɛə/ /ˈnaɪt.mɛɚ/ [nʌɪʔ.mɛəɹ] n
koszmar
experience
koszmar zmora mara
dream
mara zmora
demon

nightmarish adj
koszmarny
resembling a nightmare

nightshade /ˈnaɪt.ʃeɪd/ n
psianka
plant of genus Solanum

nightstand n
nakastlik szafka nocna
small table placed beside the head of a bed

nighttime /ˈnaɪtˌtaɪm/ [ˈnaɪʔtaɪm] n
noc
hours of darkness

nihilism /ˈnaɪ.(h)ɪ.lɪz.m̩/ /ˈnaɪ.əˌlɪz.m̩/ /ˈniː-/ /ˈnɪ-/ [-(h)ɨ̞-] n
nihilizm
doctrine grounded on the negation of one or more meaningful aspects of life
rejection of, or opposition to, religious beliefs, moral principles, legal rules, etc.

nihilist /ˈnaɪ.(h)ɪl.ɪst/ /ˈni.ɪl.ɪst/ /ˈniː.ɪl.ɪst/ n
nihilista nihilistka
person who accepts nihilism

nihilistic adj
nihilistyczny
of or relating to nihilism

nihonium /nɪˈhoʊ.ni.əm/ n
nihon

nil /nɪl/ n
zero
nothing

nimble /ˈnɪmbl̩/ adj
zwinny zręczny
quick and light in movement or action

nimbleness /ˈnɪm.bəl.nɪs/ n
zwinność zręczność
the quality of being nimble

nimbly adv
zręcznie zwinnie
in a nimble manner

nimbus /ˈnɪm.bəs/ n
nimb nimbus
circle of light; halo
nimbus
rain cloud

nincompoop /ˈnɪn-/ /ˈnɪŋkəmpuːp/ /ˈnɪŋkəmˌpup/ n
głupiec
foolish or silly person

nine /naɪn/ [naɪ̯n] n
dziewiątka dziewięć
card with nine pips
the digit or figure 9

nine /naɪn/ [naɪ̯n] numeral
dziewięć dziewięcioro
cardinal number

nine hundred /ˈnaɪn ˈhʌn.dɹəd/ /ˈnaɪn ˈhʌn.dɹɪd/ numeral
dziewięćset
cardinal number 900

nine men's morris n
młynek
board game

nine o'clock n
dziewiąta
the start of the tenth hour

nine thousand numeral
dziewięć tysięcy
9000

nine-day wonder /ˌnaɪn‿deɪ ˈwʌndə/ /ˌnaɪn‿deɪ ˈwʌndɚ/ n
słomiany ogień
something that generates interest for a limited time and is then abandoned

nineteen /naɪnˈtiːn/ /ˈnaɪntiːn/ /ˈnaɪnˌtin/ /ˌnaɪnˈtin/ numeral
dziewiętnaście dziewiętnaścioro
cardinal number

nineteenth /ˌnaɪnˈtiːnθ/ adj
dziewiętnasty
the ordinal form of the number nineteen

nineties n
lata 90. lata dziewięćdziesiąte
the decade of the 1990s

ninetieth /ˈnaɪn.ti.əθ/ adj
dziewięćdziesiąty
ordinal form of ninety

ninety /ˈnaɪn.di/ /ˈnaɪn.ti/ numeral
dziewięćdziesiąt
90

ninety-eight numeral
dziewięćdziesiąt osiem
98

ninety-eighth adj
dziewięćdziesiąty ósmy
ordinal form of ninety-eight

ninety-five numeral
dziewięćdziesiąt pięć
95

ninety-nine numeral
dziewięćdziesiąt dziewięć
cardinal number 99

ninety-ninth adj
dziewięćdziesiąty dziewiąty
ordinal form of ninety-nine

ninety-one numeral
dziewięćdziesiąt jeden
cardinal number ninety-one

ninety-seven numeral
dziewięćdziesiąt siedem
97

ninety-seventh adj
dziewięćdziesiąty siódmy
ordinal form of ninety-seven

ninety-six numeral
dziewięćdziesiąt sześć
96

ninety-three numeral
dziewięćdziesiąt trzy
93

ninety-two numeral
dziewięćdziesiąt dwa
92

ninetysomething n
dziewięćdziesięciolatek dziewięćdziesięciolatka
a person between the ages of 90 and 99

ninhydrin n
ninhydryna
organic compound: 2,2-dihydroxyindane-1,3-dione

ninja /ˈnɪnd͡ʒə/ n
ninja
person trained in ninjutsu

ninth /naɪnθ/ adj
dziewiąty
ordinal form of nine

ninth /naɪnθ/ n
nona
musical interval

niobium /naɪˈoʊbiəm/ n
niob
chemical element

nip in the bud /ˈnɪp.ɪn.ðəˈbʌd/ v
zniszczyć w zarodku
to prevent at an early stage

nipper /ˈnɪpə(ɹ)/ n
berbeć
slang term for a small child

nipple /ˈnɪ.p(ə)l/ n
brodawka sutkowa sutek
projection of mammary gland
łechtaczka
pointing stick

nipplewort n
łoczyga
Lapsana communis

niqab /nɪˈkæb/ /nɪˈkɑːb/ n
nikab
veil which covers the face

nirvana /nɚˈvænə/ /nɚˈvɑnə/ /nɪəˈvɑːnə/ /nɪɹˈvɑnə/ /nɪɾˈʋɑːn(ə)/ n
nirwana
state of bliss
Buddhism: cessation of suffering

nit /nɪt/ n
gnida
egg of a louse

nitpick /ˈnɪt.pɪk/ v
czepiać się czepić się przyczepiać się przyczepić się przypieprzać się przypieprzyć się
to correct minutiae or find fault

nitpicky adj
drobiazgowy
overly critical

nitrate /ˈnaɪˌtɹeɪt/ [ˈnaɪ̯ˌtʰɹeɪ̯t] n
azotan
any salt or ester of nitric acid

nitric /ˈnaɪtɹɪk/ adj
azotowy
pertaining to nitrogen

nitric acid n
kwas azotowy
HNO₃

nitride /ˈnaɪ.tɹaɪd/ n
azotek
compound of nitrogen

nitride /ˈnaɪ.tɹaɪd/ v
azotować

nitriding /ˈnaɪ.tɹaɪd.iŋ/ n
azotowanie
method of hardening steel

nitrile /ˈnaɪtɹaɪl/ n
nitryl
class of organic compounds

nitrite /ˈnaɪ.tɹaɪt/ n
azotyn
salt or ester of nitrous acid

nitro /ˈnaɪtɹəʊ/ n
nitrogliceryna
nitroglycerin as medication

nitrobacterium n
azotobakter
species

nitrocellulose n
bawełna strzelnicza
the chemical nitrocellulose

nitrofen n
nitrofen

nitrogen /ˈnaɪ.tɹə.d͡ʒən/ [ˈnɐɪtʰɹəd͡ʒən] n
azot
chemical element

nitrogen dioxide n
dwutlenek azotu
the binary compound NO₂

nitrogenous adj
azotowy
of nitrogen

nitroglycerine n
nitrogliceryna
the compound glyceryl-tri-nitrate

nitrometer n
azotometr
apparatus

nitrous /ˈnaɪtɹəs/ adj
azotawy
of or relating to nitrogen
of, or relating to nitrous acid

nitrous acid n
kwas azotawy
weak acid, HNO₂

nitrous oxide n
gaz rozweselający podtlenek azotu
nitrous oxide

nitwit /ˈnɪtwɪt/ n
głupek
scatterbrained or stupid person

no /nɐʉ/ /nəʉ/ determiner
nie wolno
used to show an activity is forbidden
żaden nie
not any

no /nɐʉ/ /nəʉ/ n
nie
a negating expression
przeciw nie
a vote not in favor

no /nɐʉ/ /nəʉ/ preposition
nie
used to show disagreement or negation
used to show agreement with a negative question (in some languages this response is the usual word for "yes")

no biggie phraseologicalUnit
nic wielkiego
not a big deal

no comment phraseologicalUnit
bez komentarza
"official" refusal to relay any further information
refusal to say the obvious impolite retort

no doubt adv
niewątpliwie
without a doubt

no entry phraseologicalUnit
zakaz wejścia zakaz wstępu
entry is forbidden

no hard feelings phraseologicalUnit
bez urazy
no resentment

no holds barred adj
wszystkie chwyty dozwolone
idiomatic: having absolutely no reserve or restrictions in lengths; in an especially ruthless or vicious manner

no less adv
przy tym
furthermore, not to mention

no longer adv
już nie nie jest już
not any more

no man's land /ˈnoʊˌmænzˌlænd/ n
ziemia niczyja
stretch of land between the border posts of two contiguous sovereign states

no matter what phraseologicalUnit
co by nie
whatever
jak by nie było jak by nie patrzeć
under any circumstances, whatever happens

no means no interjection
nie to nie

no more no less adv
ni mniej, ni więcej

no news is good news proverb
brak wiadomości to dobra wiadomość
lack of information suggests nothing bad

no offense phraseologicalUnit
bez urazy
no offense

no one /ˈnoʊ ˌwʌn/ /ˈnəʊ wʌn/ pronoun
nikt
not even a single person

no pain, no gain proverb
bez pracy nie ma kołaczy bez pracy nie ma macy bez zachodu nie ma miodu kto ma ręce do pracy, ten się naje kołaczy kto nie ryzykuje, ten nie pije szampana pieczone gołąbki nie lecą same do gąbki
discomfort is necessary to achieve goals

no parking phraseologicalUnit
zakaz parkowania
no parking

no problem interjection
nie ma problemu nie ma sprawy żaden problem żadna sprawa
it does not pose a problem
nie ma za co (nic) nie szkodzi nie ma sprawy
no thanks or apology is necessary

no problem n
bez problemu żaden problem
easy

no rest for the wicked proverb
nie ma przebacz nie ma zmiłuj nie ma zmiłuj się
people who are wicked must work harder

no shit interjection
bez kitu
vulgar: exclamation of amazement or disbelief

no smoke without fire proverb
nie ma dymu bez ognia
gossip and accusations are often substantiated by fact

no smoking phraseologicalUnit
zakaz palenia
phrase used in notices indicating that the smoking of cigarettes is not permitted

no sooner said than done phraseologicalUnit
już się robi robi się
no sooner than something is said it will be done

no spring chicken n
mieć swoje lata
person who is no longer particularly young

no thank you interjection
nie, dziękuję
polite way of saying no

no trespassing phraseologicalUnit
wstęp wzbroniony
phrase forbidding access to a place

no way interjection
nie ma mowy
absolutely not
nie może być niemożliwe
indicates astonished disbelief

no way Jose /- həʊˌzeɪ/ /nəʊ ˈweɪ həʊˌseɪ/ adv
za chińskiego boga

no worries interjection
nic nie szkodzi; nie ma sprawy
it does not bother me

no, thanks interjection
nie, dziękuję
(polite refusal of an offer)

no-fly zone n
strefa zakazu lotów
an airspace in which aircraft, especially military aircraft, are forbidden to fly

no-nonsense adj
poważny rzeczowy
practical, not concerning oneself with anything silly or unimportant

nobelium /noʊˈbiːliəm/ /noʊˈbɛliəm/ n
nobel
chemical element

nobility /noʊˈbɪlɪti/ /nəʊˈbɪlɪti/ /nəˈbɪlɪti/ n
szlachta
noble or privileged social class
the quality of being noble

noble /ˈnoʊbəl/ /ˈnəʊbəl/ adj
szlachetny
having honorable qualities
of or relating to the nobility; distinguished from the masses by birth

noble /ˈnoʊbəl/ /ˈnəʊbəl/ n
szlachcianka arystokrata arystokratka
aristocrat

noble gas n
gaz szlachetny
element of group 18 of the periodic table

noble metal n
metal szlachetny
metal resistant to corrosion

noble savage n
szlachetny dzikus
stock character

nobleman /ˈnoʊbl̩mən/ /ˈnəʊbl̩mən/ n
szlachcic
man of noble rank, title, or status; peer; aristocrat

noblesse oblige /noʊˌblɛs əˈbliʒ/ /nəʊˌblɛs ɒˈbliːʒ/ n
szlachectwo zobowiązuje
the honourable obligation that is the responsibility of those of high rank

noblewoman n
szlachcianka
a woman of noble rank

nobly /ˈnoʊbli/ /ˈnəʊbli/ adv
szlachetnie
in a noble manner

nobody's determiner
niczyj
belonging to nobody (possessive form of nobody)

nobody's perfect phraseologicalUnit
nikt nie jest doskonały
phrase to remind that we all fail at times

nocebo /noʊˈsi.boʊ/ /nəʊˈsiː.bəʊ/ n
nocebo
pharmacologically inactive substance experienced as harmful

noctule /ˈnɑkt͡ʃul/ /ˈnɒktjuːl/ n
borowiec
bat of the genus Nyctalus

nocturnal /nɑkˈtɝ.nəl/ /nɒkˈtɜː(ɹ).nəl/ adj
nocny
primarily active during the night
taking place at night

nocturne /(ˌ)nɒkˈtɜːn/ /ˈnɑktɚn/ /ˈnɑkˌtɝn/ /ˈnɒktɜːn/ n
nokturn
a dreamlike or pensive composition

nod /nɑd/ /nɒd/ /nɔd/ v
kiwnąć kiwać
incline the head up and down

node /noʊd/ /nəʊd/ n
węzeł
vertex of a graph of a network
astronomy: where the orbit of a planet intersects the ecliptic
physics: point along a standing wave
joint of a plant stem

nodule /ˈnɑːd͡ʒuːl/ /ˈnɒdjuːl/ n
guzek
rounded mass

noggin /ˈnɑɡn̩/ /ˈnɑɡɪn/ /ˈnɒɡɪn/ n
kubeczek
small mug, cup or ladle

noise /nɔɪz/ n
hałas szum
various sounds, usually unwanted
szum
sound or signal generated by random fluctuations
technical: unwanted part of a signal

noise cancellation n
redukcja szumów

noiseless adj
bezgłośny bezszumny bezszumowy
silent

noiselessly adv
bezgłośnie bezszmerowo bezszumnie
in a quiet manner

noiselessness n
bezgłośność

noisy /ˈnɔɪzi/ /ˈnɔːɪzɪ/ adj
hałaśliwy huczny głośny
making a noise

nom /nɒm/ interjection
mniam
interjection to denote enjoyment of eating

nomad /ˈnoʊmæd/ /ˈnəʊmæd/ n
nomada koczownik koczowniczka
a member of society or class who wander with their herds

nomadic /nəʊˈmæd.ɪk/ adj
koczowniczy nomadyczny
of or relating to any habitually wandering person
koczowniczy nomadyczny wędrowny
of or relating to itinerant herdsmen

nomadism n
koczownictwo nomadyzm
way of life of a nomad

nomarch n
nomarcha
head of a Greek nomarchy

nome /noʊm/ /nəʊm/ n
nom
territorial division of ancient Egypt

nomenclature /-ˈmɛn/ /nə(ʊ)ˈmɛŋ.klətʃə/ /ˈnoʊmənˌkleɪt͡ʃɚ/ /ˌnoʊmənˈkleɪt͡ʃɚ/ n
nomenklatura nazewnictwo
set of names or terms

nomenklatura /nɒˌmɛnkləˈtjʊəɹə/ /nɒˌmɛnkləˈtʃʊəɹə/ n
nomenklatura
list of posts in Soviet Union

nominal /ˈnɑ.mɪ.nəl/ /ˈnɒm.ɪ.nəl/ [ˈnɑ.mɪ.nl̩] [ˈnɒm.ɪ.nl̩] adj
nominalny
of or relating to the presumed or approximate value

nominalization n
nominalizacja
use of a verb or an adjective as a noun

nominate /ˈnɑ.mə.neɪt/ /ˈnɑ.mɪ.neɪt/ /ˈnɒm.ə.neɪt/ /ˈnɒm.ɪ.neɪt/ v
nominować
to name someone for a particular role or position

nomination /ˌnɑmɪˈneɪʃən/ /ˌnɒmɪˈneɪʃən/ n
nominacja
an act or instance of nominating

nominative /ˈnɒmnətɪv/ /ˈnɒmɪnətɪv/ adj
mianowanie mianujący
being in the nominative case

nominative absolute n
nominatywno-absolutywny
element of a sentence

nominative case n
mianownik
case used to indicate the subject

nominee /ˌnɒmɪˈniː/ n
kandydat nominat
a person named or designated to any office, duty or position

nomogram /ˈnoʊ.məˌɡɹæm/ /ˈnɑ.məˌɡɹæm/ /ˈnɒ.məˌɡɹæm/ /ˈnəʊ.mə.ɡɹæm/ n
nomogram
diagram in which the relationship between three variables is represented

nomophobia n
nomofobia

non sequitur /ˌnɑnˈsɛk.wɪ.tɚ/ /ˌnɒnˈsɛk.wɪ.tə/ n
błąd wnioskowania
invalid argument

non- /ˈnɑn/ /ˈnɒn/ prefix
nie-
not

non-Euclidean geometry n
geometria nieeuklidesowa
Any system of geometry not based on the set of axioms of Euclidean geometry

non-binary /ˌnɔnˈbaɪ.nɚˌi/ /ˌnɔnˈbaɪ.nɛɹˌi/ adj
niebinarne
not binary
niebinarny
outside the gender binary

non-breaking space n
spacja niełamiąca
a variant of the space character

non-commissioned officer n
podoficer
person of authority in the military who has not received a commission

non-compete n
lojalka zakaz konkurencji
contractual clause

non-disclosure agreement n
lojalka umowa poufności
contract not to disclose certain information

non-governmental adj
pozarządowy
not belonging to a particular government

non-governmental organization n
organizacja pozarządowa
organization with no government participation

non-milch adj
niedojny

non-native speaker n
nierodzima użytkowniczka języka nierodzimy użytkownik języka
someone who has another native tongue than the language being used

non-negative adj
nieujemny

non-refoulement /ˌnɑnɹəˌfulˈmɑn/ /ˌnɒnɹəˈfuːlmɒ̃/ n
zasada non-refoulement
principle that a person should not be returned to an area where they would face mistreatment

non-smoker n
niepalący
somebody who does not smoke tobacco

non-verbal /ˌnɑnˈvɝ.bl̩/ /ˌnɒnˈvɜː.bl̩/ adj
niewerbalny
other than written or spoken words

nonacceptance n
nieakceptacja

nonacosane n
nonakozan

nonadecane n
nonadekan

nonaggression n
nieagresja
a lack of aggression

nonagon /ˈnɑn.ə.ɡɑn/ /ˈnɒn.ə.ɡən/ n
dziewięciokąt
A polygon with nine sides and nine angles

nonalcoholic adj
bezalkoholowy
containing at most trace amounts of alcohol

nonalingual adj
dziewięciojęzyczny

nonambition n
brak ambicji

nonbeliever n
bezwyznaniowiec niewierząca niewierzący
a person who does not believe, especially regarding religion

nonce word n
okazjonalizm
word invented for the occasion

nonchalant /ˈnɒn.ʃəl.ənt/ /ˌnɑn.ʃəˈlɑnt/ adj
luzacki swobodny wyluzowany
casually calm and relaxed
nonszalancki
indifferent; unconcerned; behaving as if detached

nonchalantly adv
nonszalancko
In a nonchalant manner

noncitizen n
nieobywatel nieobywatelka
someone who is not a citizen of the country in question

noncommittal /ˌnɑnkəˈmɪtl̩/ /ˌnɒnkəˈmɪtl̩/ adj
niezdecydowany wymijający
tending to avoid commitment

nonconformist n
nonkonformista
someone who does not conform to accepted beliefs, customs or practices

nonconformity n
nonkonformizm
rejection of, or failure to conform to, a practice, standard, rule, or law

noncontact adj
bezdotykowy bezstykowy

noncontractual adj
bezumowny
without contract

nonconvexity n
niewypukłość

nondegenerate adj
nie mający wielu wektorów własnych

nondenominational adj
bezwyznaniowy
not specific to a particular religion or sect

nondenominationality n
bezwyznaniowość

nondenominationally adv
bezwyznaniowo

nondifferentiable adj
nieróżniczkowalny

none /nʌn/ pronoun
żaden
not any person
not any thing

none of your beeswax phraseologicalUnit
nie twoja sprawa
A riposte to badgering questioning

none other than phraseologicalUnit
nikt inny jak
(used to qualify a person whose eminence may be more than one would expect)

nonentity n
miernota
an unimportant or insignificant person

nonerotic adj
aerotyczny nieerotyczny

nonetheless /ˌnʌnðəˈlɛs/ adv
niemniej jednak jednakowoż jednakże

nonexhaustive adj
niewyczerpujący

nonexistence n
nieistnienie
The state of not existing

nonexistent adj
nieistniejący
not existent

nonfiction n
literatura faktu
written works intended to give facts

nonfree adj
płatny
not free of charge

nonhard adj
nietwardy

noninvasive adj
bezinwazyjny
of a surgical or other medical procedure, not requiring an incision

noninvasively adv
bezinwazyjnie

nonkilling n
niezabijanie
A precept or worldview

nonmagnetic adj
amagnetyczny niemagnetyczny
not magnetic

nonmetal n
niemetal
element that does not have the properties of a metal

nonnormative adj
anormatywny nienormatywny

nonpartisan adj
bezpartyjny

nonpartisan n
bezpartyjna

nonpartisanship n
bezpartyjność

nonplacental adj
bezłożyskowiec

nonplussed /nɒnˈplʌst/ /ˌnɑnˈplʌst/ adj
skonsternowany
unsure how to act or respond

nonpolar adj
niepolarny
non-polar

nonpracticing adj
niepraktykujący
nonpracticing - religion

nonprefixed adj
bezprefiksalny bezprzedrostkowy

nonprofessional adj
amatorski
not professional

nonprofit adj
niedochodowy non-profit
not seeking to produce a profit

nonprofit n
organizacja non-profit
non-profit organization

nonproliferation n
nierozprzestrzenianie

nonpyrogenic adj
niepirogeniczny niepirogenny
not pyrogenic

nonreflexive adj
bezrefleksyjny

nonreflexively adv
bezrefleksyjnie

nonreligious adj
areligijny niereligijny
not religious; secular

nonreligiously adv
areligijnie niereligijnie

nonrepudiation n
niezaprzeczalność
assurance of digital sending or receipt

nonresistant adj
bezoporny

nonreturnable adj
bezzwrotny

nonsense /ˈnɑn.sɛns/ /ˈnɒn.səns/ n
nonsens bzdura niedorzeczność absurd androny bajdura
meaningless words

nonsensical adj
bezsensowny nonsensowny
without sense

nonsensically adv
bezsensownie
in a nonsensical manner

nonseparable adj
nierozłączny

nonskid adj
antypoślizgowy

nonslip adj
antypoślizgowy

nonsmearing adj
[[nie-]]mażący się

nonsoft adj
nie miękki

nonsomatic adj
asomatyczny bezcielesny

nonstandard adj
nieliteracki nienormatywny niestandardowy substandardowy
not conforming to the standard variety
niestandardowy nietypowy
not standard

nonstop /ˌnɑnˈstɑp/ /ˌnɒnˈstɒp/ adj
nieprzerwany bezpośredni non stop
without stopping

nonstop /ˌnɑnˈstɑp/ /ˌnɒnˈstɒp/ adv
bez przerwy bez przestanku bez ustanku cały czas ciurkiem ciągle
without stopping

nonswimmer n
nie pływaczka nie pływak
one who is not a swimmer

nonsyllabic adj
asylabiczny niesylabiczny niezgłoskotwórczy

nontoxic adj
atoksyczny nietoksyczny

nonuniform adj
niejednostajny
not uniform

nonvibrating adj
bezwibracyjny

nonwoven n
włóknina
nonwoven fabric

nonzero adj
niezerowy
not equal to zero

nonzonal adj
astrefowy

noob /n(j)uːb/ n
nowicjusz
newbie

noobish adj
noobowski
like a noob; naive or foolish

noodle /nud(ə)l/ /nuːdl̩/ n
kluski nudle
string or flat strip of pasta or other dough

nook /nuːk/ /nʊk/ n
wnęka
small corner formed by two walls
zakamarek zakątek
hidden or secluded spot

noon /nuːn/ n
południe
midday

noose /nuːs/ n
pętla stryczek
adjustable loop or rope

nopal /noʊˈpɑl/ /ˈnəʊpəl/ n
opuncja
cactus of genus Opuntia

nor /noɹ/ /nɔː/ conjunction
ani
nor

norm /nɔːm/ n
norma
math: function that maps vectors to non-negative scalars
that which is normal

normal /ˈnɔɹm(ə)l/ /ˈnɔːml̩/ adj
normalny zwykły
according to norms or rules
normalny zwykły zwyczajny
usual, ordinary

normal /ˈnɔɹm(ə)l/ /ˈnɔːml̩/ n
normik
person who fits in

normal distribution n
rozkład normalny
probability distribution

normal saline n
sól fizjologiczna
solution

normal subgroup n
podgrupa normalna
subgroup that is invariant under conjugation

normal time n
regulaminowy czas
standard period of play

normalcy /ˈnɔɹməlsi/ n
normalność
state of being normal

normality /noːˈmæl.ə.ti/ /nɔɹˈmæl.ə.ti/ /nɔːˈmæl.ɪ.ti/ [nɔɹˈmæl.ə.ɾi] n
normalność
state of being normal
(chemistry) concentration of a solution

normalization /ˌnɔɹ.mə.ləˈzeɪ.ʃən/ /ˌnɔɹ.məˌlaɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/ [ˈnoː.mə.ləˈzæɪ.ʃn̩] [ˈnɔː.mə.ləˈzeɪ.ʃn̩] [ˌnoː.məˌlɑɪˈzæɪ.ʃn̩] [ˌnɔː.məˌlaɪˈzeɪ.ʃn̩] n
normalizacja
any process that makes something more normal or regular

normalize /ˈnɔɹ.mə.laɪz/ /ˈnɔː.mə.laɪz/ v
unormować
mathematics

normation n
normalizacja normotwórstwo normowanie unormowanie
establishment of a norm

normative /ˈnoː.mə.tɪv/ /ˈnɔɹ.mə.tɪv/ /ˈnɔː.mə.tɪv/ [ˈnɔɹ.mə.ɾɪv] adj
dyrektywalny normatywny normotwórczy
attempting to establish or prescribe a norm
normatywny
of, pertaining to, or using a norm or standard

normativization n
normatywizacja

north /noɹθ/ /noːθ/ /nɔəθ/ /nɔː(ɹ)θ/ /nɔːθ/ [no̞ɹθ] adj
północny
of or pertaining to the north
toward the north
północny północ
meteorology: of wind, from the north

north /noɹθ/ /noːθ/ /nɔəθ/ /nɔː(ɹ)θ/ /nɔːθ/ [no̞ɹθ] adv
na północ
towards the north

north /noɹθ/ /noːθ/ /nɔəθ/ /nɔː(ɹ)θ/ /nɔːθ/ [no̞ɹθ] n
północ
compass point

north pole /ˌnɔɹθ ˈpoʊl/ /ˌnɔːθ ˈpəʊl/ n
biegun północny
northernmost point on celestial bodies
positive pole of a magnetic dipole

northeast n
północny wschód
compass point

northeastern /ˌnorˈθiː.stɚn/ /ˌnɔːˈθiː.stn̩/ adj
północno-wschodni
northeastern

northern /ˈnɒðə(ɹ)n/ /ˈnɔɹðɚn/ /ˈnɔːðn̩/ /ˈnɔːðən/ adj
północny
facing, situated in or related to the north
of wind

northern birch mouse n
smużka leśna
Sicista betulina

northern gannet n
głuptak
Morus bassanus

northern goshawk n
jastrząb zwyczajny
Accipiter gentilis

northern jacana n
długoszpon żółtoczelny
Jacana spinosa

northern lapwing n
czajka
Vanellus vanellus

northern lights n
zorza polarna
the aurora of the northern hemisphere

northern pintail n
rożeniec
Anas acuta

northern shoveler n
płaskonos
Spatula clypeata

northern shrike n
srokosz północny
Lanius borealis

northern wheatear n
białorzytka
Oenanthe oenanthe

northwestern /nɔːθˈwɛst.ə(ɹ)n/ /nɔːθˈwɛstn̩/ adj
północno-zachodni

nose [noʊ̯z] [noːz] [nəwz] [nəʊ̯z] n
nos
protuberance on the face
tip of an object
skill in recognising bouquet
snout, nose of an animal

nose [noʊ̯z] [noːz] [nəwz] [nəʊ̯z] v
węszyć
to detect
wścibiać nos
to snoop

nose-picking n
dłubanie w nosie
insertion of a finger into one's nostril, especially to remove mucus.

noseband n
nachrapnik
part of a bridle or halter

nosebleed /ˈnoʊzˌblid/ /ˈnəʊzˌbliːd/ n
krwawienie z nosa
haemorrhage from the nose

noseclip n
zacisk na nos
device that holds a person's nostrils closed

nosedive /ˈnəʊzdaɪv/ n
skoczyć na główkę
a rapid fall in price or value
skok na główkę
a headfirst fall or jump

nosegay /ˈnoʊzˌɡeɪ/ /ˈnəʊzɡeɪ/ n
bukiecik
small bunch of fragrant flowers or herbs

noseless adj
beznosy
lacking a nose

nosey parker n
ciekawski
prying person

nosology n
nozologia
the systematic investigation or classification of disease

nostalgia /nɑˈstæld͡ʒə/ /nɑˈstɑld͡ʒə/ /nɒˈstæld͡ʒə/ /nɔˈstæld͡ʒə/ /nɔˈstɑld͡ʒə/ /nəˈstæld͡ʒə/ /nəˈstæɫd͡ʒə/ /nəˈstɑld͡ʒə/ n
nostalgia
bittersweet yearning for the things of the past

nostalgic adj
nostalgiczny
pertaining to nostalgia

nostalgically adv
nostalgicznie
in a melancholic manner

nostrification n
nostryfikacja
granting recognition to a degree from a foreign university

nostrify /ˈnɑs.tɹə.faɪ/ /ˈnɒs.tɹɪ.faɪ/ v
nostryfikować
to grant recognition to a foreign degree

nostril /ˈnɒstɹəl/ /ˈnɒstɹɪl/ n
nozdrze
either of the two orifices located on the nose

nostrum /ˈnɑ.stɹəm/ /ˈnɒs.tɹəm/ n
lekarstwo na wszystko nostrum panaceum
medicine or remedy which has not been proven to have any desirable medical effects

nosy /ˈnoʊzi/ /ˈnəʊziː/ adj
nosaty
having a large nose
wścibski
prying, inquisitive or curious in other’s affairs; tending to snoop or meddle

not /nɑt/ /nɒt/ /nɔt/ [nɑʔt] [nɒt] [nɒʔ(t)] [nɞʔt] adv
nie
negates meaning of verb

not /nɑt/ /nɒt/ /nɔt/ [nɑʔt] [nɒt] [nɒʔ(t)] [nɞʔt] conjunction
nie a nie
And not

not all heroes wear capes proverb
nie wszyscy bohaterowie noszą peleryny

not an option phraseologicalUnit
nie ma mowy

not at all [ˈnɑɾəˈɾɑɫ] [ˈnɑɾəˈɾɔɫ] [ˈnɒtʰəˈtʰɔːɫ] [ˈnɔɾəˈɾoːɫ] adv
wcale nie
not

not at all [ˈnɑɾəˈɾɑɫ] [ˈnɑɾəˈɾɔɫ] [ˈnɒtʰəˈtʰɔːɫ] [ˈnɔɾəˈɾoːɫ] interjection
nie ma za co proszę
conventional reply to expression of gratitude

not bad adj
niezgorszy niezły
reasonably good

not for nothing phraseologicalUnit
nie bez powodu
for an extremely good reason

not forgetting conjunction
nie zapominając (o)

not guilty adj
niewinny
legally innocent of a crime of which one has been accused in a court of law

not have a pot to piss in v
nie śmierdzieć groszem

not know which end is up v
nie wiedzieć gdzie góra, a gdzie dół
to have no common sense

not on your life adv
nigdy w życiu
an emphatic negative

not one's first rodeo phraseologicalUnit
być dla kogoś nie pierwszy raz być dla kogoś nie pierwszyzna
not the first time one has been in a situation

not only … but also conjunction
nie tylko … ale też nie tylko … lecz także

not so fast phraseologicalUnit
nie tak szybko
stop doing something

not that conjunction
nie to że nie żeby

not that I know of interjection
z tego, co wiem, nie

not the sharpest knife in the drawer n
zakuty łeb
being stupid

not to mention conjunction
co dopiero nie mówiąc już o nie mówiąc o nie wspominając już o nie wspominając o
much less

not to put too fine a point on it /nɑt tə ˌpʊt tu ˌfaɪn ə ˈpɔɪnt ɑn ət/ /nɒt tʊ ˌpʊt tuː ˌfaɪn ə ˈpɔɪnt ɒn ɪt/ phraseologicalUnit
mówiąc bez ogródek
used to apologize for a possibly impolite statement

not to say conjunction
żeby nie powiedzieć
even; perhaps; almost

not touch with a ten-foot pole v
unikać za wszelką cenę
to avoid at all costs

not yet adv
jeszcze nie
not for the moment, though expected later

notary /ˈnoʊtəɹi/ n
notariusz notariuszka
notary public

notation /noʊˈteɪʃən/ n
notacja
system of characters, symbols or abbreviated expressions used to express technical facts or quantities

notch /nɑt͡ʃ/ /nɒtʃ/ n
karb nacięcie wręb
V-shaped cut
nacięcie narzaz
such a cut, used for keeping a record

notch /nɑt͡ʃ/ /nɒtʃ/ v
karbować nacinać naciąć narzynać narżnąć wrębiać
to cut a notch

note /noʊt/ /nəʊt/ n
nota
diplomatic missive or written communication
notatka notka
memorandum
short informal letter
nuta
character indicating the length and pitch of a tone
musical sound
renoma
reputation; distinction
uwaga
observation
wzmianka nuta
marginal comment or explanation

note /noʊt/ /nəʊt/ v
zauważać zauważyć
to notice with care

notebook /ˈnoʊtˌbʊk/ /ˈnəʊtˌbʊk/ n
laptop notebook
notebook computer
zeszyt notes kajet
empty book able to be used for notes

noteless adj
beznutowy

notepad n
notatnik notes
bound pad of paper

nothing /ˈnʌθɪŋ/ [ˈnʌʔn̩] n
nic
a nobody, a person of no consequence
something trifling, or of no consequence or importance

nothing /ˈnʌθɪŋ/ [ˈnʌʔn̩] pronoun
nic
not any thing
nic takiego nic
something trifling

nothingness n
nicość
state of nonexistence; the condition of being nothing

notice /ˈnoʊtɪs/ /ˈnəʊtɪs/ [ˈnoʊɾɪs] n
awizacja awizo
written or printed announcement
wymówienie
notification of termination of employment

notice /ˈnoʊtɪs/ /ˈnəʊtɪs/ [ˈnoʊɾɪs] v
zauważyć zauważać
to become aware of

notice period n
okres wypowiedzenia
period between receipt of the letter of dismissal and last working day

noticeable /ˈnoʊtɪsəbl̩/ /ˈnəʊtɪsəbl̩/ adj
zauważalny
capable of being seen or noticed

notification /ˌnoʊtɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/ /ˌnəʊtɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/ n
powiadomienie
a specific piece of information serving to notify

notify /ˈnoʊtɪfaɪ/ v
awizować notyfikować zaawizować
(transitive) to give (someone) notice of (something)

notion /ˈnoʊʃən/ /ˈnəʊʃən/ n
pojęcie
mental apprehension of whatever may be known or imagined; an idea; a conception

notochord n
struna grzbietowa

notorious /noʊ-/ /nə(ʊ)ˈtɔː.ɹɪ.əs/ /nəˈtɔ.ɹi.əs/ adj
notoryczny
generally or widely known for something negative

notwithstanding /ˌnɑtwɪθˈstændɪŋ/ /ˌnɒtwɪðˈstændɪŋ/ postposition
mimo pomimo
in spite of

nougat /ˈnuɡət/ /ˈnuːɡɑː/ /ˈnʌɡɪt/ n
nugat
a confection of egg white, a sweetener, and (usually) nuts

noumenal adj
noumenalny
of or pertaining to the noumenon

noumenon /ˈnaʊmənɒn/ /ˈnumənɑn/ /ˈnuːmənɒn/ n
noumen noumenon rzecz sama w sobie
thing as it is independent of any conceptualization

noun /naʊn/ /næːn/ n
imię
grammatical category (broad sense)
rzeczownik
grammatical category (narrow sense)

noun numeral n
liczebnik
a noun that represents a number

noun phrase n
fraza rzeczownikowa grupa nominalna
phrase that can serve as the subject or the object of a verb

nourish a viper in one's bosom v
hodować żmiję na własnym łonie
to do kind deeds rewarded with harm

nourishing adj
pożywny
that provides nourishment

nourishment /ˈnɝɪʃmənt/ /ˈnʊɹɪʃmənt/ /ˈnʌɹɪʃmənt/ n
pożywienie
something that nourishes; food

nouveau riche /ˌnu.voʊ ˈɹiʃ/ /ˌnu.voʊ ˈɹɪtʃ/ /ˌnuː.vəʊ ˈɹiːʃ/ n
nowobogacki dorobkiewicz nowobogacz nuworysz parweniusz
new money: wealthy persons whose fortunes are newly acquired, and who are therefore perceived to lack the refinement of those who were raised wealthy

novel /ˈnɑvəl/ /ˈnɒvəl/ [ˈnɒvl̩] adj
nowy
new, original, especially in an interesting way

novel /ˈnɑvəl/ /ˈnɒvəl/ [ˈnɒvl̩] n
powieść nowela
work of prose fiction

novelist /ˈnɑvəlɪst/ /ˈnɒvəlɪst/ n
powieściopisarz powieściopisarka beletrysta beletrystka
author of novels

novelty /ˈnɑvəlti/ /ˈnɒvəlti/ n
nowalijka nowinka
new product

novemdecillion /ˌnoʊvəmdəˈsɪl.i.ən/ numeral
decylion
1060

novena n
nowenna
a recitation of prayers for nine days

novice /ˈnɑvɪs/ /ˈnɒvɪs/ n
nowicjusz nowicjuszka
new member of a religious order

novichok n
nowiczok
nerve agent

now /naʊ/ adv
teraz obecnie aktualnie nynie w tej chwili w tym momencie
at the present time

now /naʊ/ interjection
już teraz
signal to begin

now and then /ˌnaʊ ən(d) ˈðɛn/ adv
od czasu do czasu raz na jakiś czas
(idiomatic) sometimes; occasionally; intermittently

now that conjunction
skoro
since

nowadays /ˈnaʊ.ə.deɪz/ adv
obecnie teraz
at the present time
współcześnie
in the current era

nowhere /ˈnoʊ.(h)wɛɹ/ /ˈnəʊ.wɛə/ adv
donikąd
to no place
nigdzie
in no place

noxious /ˈnɒkʃəs/ adj
niezdrowy szkodliwy
harmful

nozzle /ˈnɒzəl/ n
dysza
short tube
króciec
inlet or outlet pipe

nth /ɛnθ/ adj
enty n-ty
occurring at position n

nu /njuː/ /nu/ n
ni ny
name for the letter of the Greek alphabet: Ν and ν

nuance /ˈnjuː.ɑːns/ /ˈnuː.ɑːns/ n
niuans
minor distinction
niuans subtelność
subtlety or fine detail

nuance /ˈnjuː.ɑːns/ /ˈnuː.ɑːns/ v
niuansować zniuansować

nubile /ˈnjuːbaɪl/ /ˈnubaɪl/ adj
na wydanie
marriageable

nuclear /ˈn(j)u.kjə.lɚ/ /ˈn(j)u.kli.ɚ/ /ˈnjuː.klɪə(ɹ)/ adj
jądrowy nuklearny
pertaining to the nucleus of a cell
nuklearny
pertaining to the atomic nucleus
nuklearny jądrowy
involving nuclear energy
of a weapon: deriving its force from nuclear energy

nuclear bomb n
bomba jądrowa
nuclear bomb

nuclear energy n
energetyka jądrowa
energy released by a nuclear reaction

nuclear family n
rodzina nuklearna
a family unit consisting of a father, mother and children

nuclear fission n
rozszczepienie
atom-splitting nuclear reaction

nuclear fusion n
fuzja jądrowa
the combining of the nuclei of small atoms to form the nuclei of larger ones

nuclear physicist n
jądrowiec

nuclear physics n
fizyka jądrowa
branch of physics

nuclear power plant n
elektrownia atomowa elektrownia jądrowa
type of power plant

nuclear reaction n
reakcja jądrowa
process

nuclear reactor n
reaktor jądrowy
device

nuclear war n
wojna atomowa wojna jądrowa wojna nuklearna
war fought using nuclear weapons

nuclear weapon n
broń jądrowa broń atomowa broń nuklearna
a weapon that derives its energy from the nuclear reactions of either fission or fusion

nuclear winter n
zima nuklearna
predicted drop in global temperature following a nuclear war

nuclear-free adj
bezatomowy
free of nuclear technology

nuclear-free zone n
strefa bezatomowa
area in which authorities have banned nuclear weapons and power stations

nucleic acid /njuːˈkleɪ.ɪk ˈæsɪd/ /njuːˈkliː.ɪk ˈæsɪd/ /nuˈkleɪ.ɪk ˈæsɪd/ n
kwas nukleinowy
acidic chainlike biological macromolecule

nucleolus n
jąderko nukleolus
part of nucleus of a cell

nucleon /ˈn(j)uːkliɒn/ n
nukleon
a proton or a neutron

nucleosynthesis n
nukleosynteza
process that leads to synthesis in stars

nucleus /ˈnjuː.kli.əs/ /ˈnuː.kli.əs/ n
jądro
core, central part of something
physics: massive, positively charged core of an atom
linguistics: centre of a syllable
jądro jądro komórkowe nukleus
cytology: large organelle found in cells
rdzeń
initial part which will receive additions

nude /n(j)uːd/ adj
nagi goły
without clothing or other covering

nude /n(j)uːd/ n
akt
image depicting a human in a state of undress

nudge /nʌd͡ʒ/ v
szturchać szturchnąć
to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal

nudism /njuː.dɪzəm/ n
nudyzm
the belief in or practice of social, non-sexual nudity

nudist /ˈnudɪst/ adj
nudystyczny
relating to nudists and nudism

nudist /ˈnudɪst/ n
nudysta nudystka
person who practices nudism

nudist beach n
plaża nudystów
beach where nudity is allowed

nudity /ˈnjudɪˌti/ /ˈnudɪti/ n
nagość
the state of being without clothing on the body

nudiustertian /n(j)ʊdi.əsˈtɜʃɪən/ adj
przedwczorajszy
of or relating to the day before yesterday

nugget /ˈnʌɡət/ n
bryłka
small chunk or clump

nuisance /ˈnjuː.səns/ /ˈnuː.səns/ n
niedogodność uciążliwość
minor annoyance or inconvenience
utrapienie utrapieniec
person or thing causing annoyance or inconvenience
zakłócenie porządku
law: anything harmful or offensive to the community or to a member of it

null and void adj
nieprawomocny nieważny
invalid, cancelled, unenforceable

null morpheme n
zerowy morfem
a morpheme that has no phonetic form

null set n
zbiór miary zero
negligible set

nullary adj
bezargumentowy
mathematics, of a function: taking no entries
programming, of a function: taking no arguments

numb /nʌm/ adj
odrętwiały
physically unable to feel

numbat n
mrówkożer mrówkożer workowaty
small marsupial

number /ˈnʌmbə/ /ˈnʌmbɚ/ n
cyfra liczebnik liczba
numeral
liczba ilość
quantity
liczba numer
abstract entity used to describe quantity
grammar: state of being singular, dual or plural
mathematics: number
numer
informal: telephone number
issue of a periodical publication
sequence of digits and letters used to register people, automobiles, etc.
numer liczba
used to show the rank of something in a list or sequence
performance

number /ˈnʌmbə/ /ˈnʌmbɚ/ v
numerować
label with numbers; assign numbers to

number line n
oś liczbowa
line that graphically represents the real numbers

number one n
jedynka
urine or urination euphemism

number theory n
teoria liczb
branch of pure mathematics

number two n
dwójka

numbness n
odrętwienie
absent or reduced sensitivity to cutaneous stimulation

numeracy n
umiejętność liczenia
numerical skill

numeral /ˈnjuːməɹəl/ /ˈnjuːmɹəl/ /ˈnuməɹəl/ /ˈnumɹəl/ n
cyfra
non-word symbol that represents a number
liczebnik
word or symbol representing a number

numeration /ˌn(j)uː.mə.ˈɹeɪ.ʃən/ [ˌnjuː.mə.ˈɹeɪ.ʃən] [ˌnu.mɚ.ˈeɪ.ʃən] n
numeracja
any system of giving names to numbers

numerator /ˈnuː.məɹ.ˌeɪ̯.təɹ/ n
licznik
number or expression written above the line in a fraction

numeric keypad n
klawiatura numeryczna

numerical /n(j)uˈmɛɹ.ɪ.kəl/ /n(j)ʉˈmeɹ.ɪ.kəl/ [n(j)uˈmɛɹ.ɪ.kl̩] [n(j)ʉˈmeɹ.ɪ.kl̩] adj
numeryczny
of or pertaining to numbers

numerical analysis n
analiza numeryczna
study of algorithms

numerical integration n
całkowanie numeryczne

numerology /ˌnjuː.mə.ˈɹɒ.lə.d͡ʒi/ /ˌnuməˈɹɑləd͡ʒi/ n
numerologia
study

numerous /ˈnjuːməɹəs/ /ˈnjuːmɹəs/ /ˈnuməɹəs/ /ˈnumɹəs/ adj
liczny
Indefinitely large numerically

numismatics /ˌnjuː.mɪzˈma.tɪks/ /ˌnuː.məzˈmæ.tɪks/ n
numizmatyka
study of coins

numismatist /njuːˈmɪzmətɪst/ n
numizmatyk
one who collects coins and/or currencies

nun /nuːn/ /nʊn/ n
nun
Semitic letter

nun /nʌn/ n
mniszka
member of a non-Christian religious community of women
zakonnica mniszka siostra zakonna siostra
member of a Christian religious community of women

nunatak /ˈnuː.nə.tæk/ /ˈnʌn.ə.tæk/ n
nunatak
mountaintop surrounded by glacial ice

nunchaku /nən-/ /nʌnˈtʃækuː/ /nʌnˈtʃɑːkuː/ /nʌnˈt͡ʃɑku/ n
nunczako nunczaku
weapon consisting of two sticks joined by a chain or cord

nuncheon n
podwieczorek
afternoon snack

nunciature n
nuncjatura
status or rank of a nuncio

nuncio /-siˌoʊ/ /ˈnʌnʃiˌoʊ/ n
nuncjusz apostolski
member of a Sejm of a Polish realm
nuncjusz nuncjusz apostolski
title used for Catholic clerics

nunnery /ˈnʌn(ə)ɹi/ n
klasztor
residence for nuns

nuptial /ˈnʌp.t͡ʃ(ʊ)əl/ /ˈnʌp.ʃəl/ adj
ślubny małżeński weselny
pertaining to wedding and marriage

nuptials /ˈnʌp.t͡ʃ(ʊ)əlz/ /ˈnʌp.ʃəlz/ n
wesele zaślubiny ślub
wedding ceremony

nurse /nɜːs/ /nɝs/ n
opiekunka
person who takes care of other people's young
pielęgniarka siostra
person trained to provide care for the sick

nurse /nɜːs/ /nɝs/ v
opiekować się pielęgnować zadbać
to treat kindly and with extra care
pielęgnować
to care for the sick

nursery web spider n
bagnik darownik
spider

nursing /ˈnɜːsɪŋ/ /ˈnɝsɪŋ/ n
pielęgniarstwo
caring for patients

nursing home n
dom starców dom pogodnej jesieni dom pomocy społecznej dom spokojnej starości
place of residence

nut /nʌt/ [nɐt] n
nakrętka
that fits on a bolt
orzech
hard-shelled fruit
oszołom psychiczny psychol szajbus wariat świr
slang: insane person
łeb
slang: the head

nut job n
świr
someone who is insane

nutcake n
orzechowiec
cake made with nuts

nutcracker n
dziadek do orzechów
implement for cracking nuts
orzechówka
bird of the genus Nucifraga

nuthatch n
kowalik bargiel
passerine bird from the family Sittidae

nutlet n
orzeszek
small nut

nutmeg /ˈnʌt.mɛɡ/ n
gałka muszkatołowa
spice
muszkat muszkatowiec muszkatołowiec
tree
rybka siatka
soccer/football sense

nutmeg /ˈnʌt.mɛɡ/ v
zakładać siatkę założyć siatkę
(soccer) to play the ball between the legs of an opponent

nutrient /ˈnjuː.tɹi.ənt/ /ˈnuː.tɹi.ənt/ n
składnik odżywczy
substance that provides nourishment

nutrigenomics n
nutrigenomika
the field of study that examines how the interaction between genetics and nutrition affects human health

nutrition /njuːˈtɹɪ.ʃən/ /nuˈtɹɪ.ʃən/ n
pożywienie żywienie odżywianie
nutrition

nutritionist n
dietetyczka dietetyk

nutritive /ˈnjuːtɹətɪv/ adj
spożywczy
nourishing, providing nutrition

nutty /ˈnʌti/ adj
orzechowy
containing nuts
pomylony zwariowany
barmy, crazy, mad

nychthemeron /nɪkˈθi.mə.ɹɑn/ /nɪkˈθɛ.mɪ.ɹɒn/ /nɪkˈθɛm.ə.ɹɒn/ /nɪkˈθɛməɹɑn/ n
doba
one day and one night

nylon /ˈnaɪlɑn/ /ˈnaɪlɒn/ n
nylon
substance

nymph /ˈnɪmf/ n
nimfa
mythology: water, forest or mountain spirit
insect larva
young girl who may inspire lust

nymphaeum n
nimfeum

nymphalid n
rusałka
any butterfly of the family Nymphalidae

nymphomaniac /ˈnɪmfoʊ ˈmeɪniæk/ n
nimfomanka
woman with excessive sexual desire

nystagmus /nɪˈstæɡməs/ n
oczopląs
rapid involuntary eye movement

née /neɪ/ adj
z domu
used to indicate maiden name of a woman

négligée /ˈnɛɡlɪʒeɪ/ n
negliż
nightgown

o'clock /oʊˈklɑk/ /əʊˈklɒk/ /əˈklɑk/ /əˈklɒk/ adv
godzina pierwsza pierwsza
indication of time (the translations below are of "one o’clock")
o godzinie pierwszej o pierwszej
the translations below are of "at one o’clock"

oaf /oʊf/ /əʊf/ n
bęcwał daun imbecyl klaun niezdara prostak
imbecile

oak /oʊk/ /woʊk/ /əʊk/ adj
dębowy dąb
made of oak wood

oak /oʊk/ /woʊk/ /əʊk/ n
dąb dębina
tree or shrub of the genus Quercus
wood

oaken /ˈəʊk.ən/ adj
dębowy
made from the wood of an oak

oakum /ˈoʊk(ə)m/ /ˈəʊkəm/ n
pakuły
fibres chiefly obtained by untwisting old rope which are used to caulk, etc.

oakwood n
dąbrowa dębina dębniak
wood populated with oaks

oar /o(ː)ɹ/ /oə/ /ɔɹ/ /ɔː/ n
wiosło
implement used to row a boat

oarlock n
dulka
device to hold oars in place

oasis /oʊˈeɪsəs/ /oʊˈeɪsɪs/ /əʊˈeɪsəs/ /əʊˈeɪsɪs/ n
oaza
spring surrounded by fertile area
quiet or peaceful place

oat /oʊt/ /əʊt/ n
owies
a widely cultivated cereal grass

oat milk n
mleko owsiane
milky liquid from oats

oath /ˈoʊθ/ /ˈəʊθ/ n
klątwa przysięga
affirmed statement
przysięga
solemn pledge

oatmeal /ˈoʊtmil/ /ˈɒtmiːl/ /ˈəʊtmiːl/ n
owsianka
breakfast cereal
płatki owsiane
meal

oats /ˈoʊts/ /ˈəʊts/ n
owies
seeds of an oat plant

obedience /ə(ʊ)ˈbiːdɪəns/ n
posłuszeństwo
quality of being obedient

obedient /oʊˈbidiənt/ /əʊˈbiːdɪənt/ /əˈbidiənt/ /əˈbiːdɪənt/ adj
posłuszny
willing to comply with commands

obeisance /oʊˈbeɪ.səns/ /oʊˈbiː.səns/ /əʊˈbeɪ.səns/ /əˈbeɪ.səns/ /əˈbiː.səns/ n
hołd
an obedient attitude
pokłon rewerans
demonstration of an obedient attitude, especially by bowing deeply; a deep bow which demonstrates such an attitude

obelisk /ˈɑbəlɪsk/ /ˈɒbəlɪsk/ /ˈɔbəlɪsk/ n
obelisk
tall, square, tapered, stone monolith topped with a pyramidal point

obese /oʊˈbis/ /əʊˈbiːs/ /əˈbiːs/ adj
otyły opasły
extremely overweight

obese /oʊˈbis/ /əʊˈbiːs/ /əˈbiːs/ n
otyła otyły

obesely adv
otyle
In an obese manner

obesity /oʊˈbisɪti/ /oʊˈbɛzɪti/ /ə(ʊ)ˈbiːsɪti/ [-ɾi] n
otyłość
act or state of being obese

obey /oʊˈbeɪ/ /əʊˈbeɪ/ /əˈbeɪ/ v
przestrzegać być posłusznym
to do as ordered by

obfuscate /ˈɑbfəskeɪt/ /ˈɑbfʌskeɪt/ /ˈɒbfəskeɪt/ /ˈɒbfʌskeɪt/ v
zaciemniać
alter code
zaciemniać zaciemnić
make dark

obituary /oʊ-/ /əʊ-/ /əˈbɪtjʊ(ə)ɹi/ /əˈbɪt͡ʃuˌɜɹi/ /əˈbɪt͡ʃəɹi/ /əˈbɪt͡ʃəˌwɛɹi/ /əˈbɪt͡ʃɹi/ /əˈbɪt͡ʃʊ(ə)ɹi/ n
nekrolog
brief biography of a person who has recently died
nekrolog klepsydra
brief notice of a person’s death, especially one published in a newspaper

object /əbˈd͡ʒɛkt/ /ˈɑb.d͡ʒɛkt/ /ˈɒb.d͡ʒɛkt/ n
dopełnienie obiekt
in grammar
obiekt dopełnienie
object-oriented programming: instantiation of a class or structure
przedmiot obiekt
thing
person or thing to which an emotion is directed

object /əbˈd͡ʒɛkt/ /ˈɑb.d͡ʒɛkt/ /ˈɒb.d͡ʒɛkt/ v
sprzeciwiać się
disagree with something or someone

object code n
kod wynikowy
output of a compiler or assembler

object-oriented programming n
programowanie obiektowe
programming paradigm that uses objects to design application and computer programs

objection /əbˈd͡ʒɛkʃən/ n
sprzeciw
official protest raised in a court of law
act of objecting
statement expressing opposition

objective /ɒbˈd͡ʒɛk.tɪv/ /əbˈd͡ʒɛk.tɪv/ adj
obiektowy przedmiotowy
relating to a material object
obiektywny
not influenced by emotions
based on observed fact

objective /ɒbˈd͡ʒɛk.tɪv/ /əbˈd͡ʒɛk.tɪv/ n
cel
goal
obiekt
material object
obiektyw
lens

objective case n
biernik
case of an object

objectivity /ˌɑbd͡ʒɛkˈtɪvɪti/ /ˌɒbd͡ʒɛkˈtɪvɪti/ n
obiektywność
The state of being objective

objectless adj
bezprzedmiotowy
without purpose

objectlessly adv
bezprzedmiotowo

objectlessness n
bezprzedmiotowość

objector n
oponent oponentka
a person who objects

oblanceolate adj
odwrotnie-lancetowaty
of a reversed lanceolate shape

oblast /ˈɒbləst/ n
obwód
region or province

oblation /oʊˈbleɪʃən/ /ɑːˈbleɪʃən/ /ɒˈbleɪʃən/ /əʊˈbleɪʃən/ n
oblacja
the offering to a deity

obligate /ˈɑb.lɪ.ɡɪt/ /ˈɑb.lɪˌɡeɪt/ /ˈɒb.lɪ.ɡɪt/ /ˈɒb.lɪˌɡeɪt/ v
zobowiązać zobowiązywać
to bind, compel, or constrain by a social, legal, or moral tie

obligation /ɑb.ləˈɡeɪ.ʃən/ n
obowiązek zobowiązanie powinność
act of binding oneself by a social, legal, or moral tie to someone
zobowiązanie
legal agreement

obligatory /əˈblɪɡət(ə)ɹi/ /əˈblɪɡətɔɹi/ /ˈɑblɪɡətɔɹi/ adj
obowiązkowy wiążący
binding

oblige /ɒˈbliːd͡ʒ/ /əˈblaɪd͡ʒ/ /əˈbliːd͡ʒ/ v
zobowiązać zobowiązywać
to constrain someone by force or by social, moral or legal means

obliged /əˈblaɪd͡ʒd/ adj
zobligowany zobowiązany
Under an obligation to do something for someone

obliging /əˈblaɪd͡ʒɪŋ/ adj
uprzejmy usłużny
Happy and ready to do favours for others

oblique case n
przypadek zależny
any noun case except the nominative (and vocative)

obliterate /oʊ-/ /əˈblɪtəɹeɪt/ /əˈblɪtəɹət/ /əˈblɪtəˌɹeɪt/ [-ɾə-] v
wymazać wymazywać wyniszczać wyniszczyć zabijać zabić
to destroy (someone or something) completely, leaving no trace

obliteration n
zniszczenie
the total destruction of something

oblivion /əˈblɪviːən/ n
nieświadomość
state of forgetfulness or distraction
zapomnienie niepamięć
state of being completely forgotten

oblivious /əˈblɪviːəs/ adj
nieświadomy
unaware
zapominalski
failing to remember

oblong /ˈɑbˌlɔŋ/ /ˈɒblɒŋ/ adj
podłużny
longer than wide

obnoxious /ɒb-/ /əbˈnɑkʃəs/ /əbˈnɒkʃəs/ adj
nieznośny obraźliwy okropny przykry upierdliwy wstrętny
extremely offensive or unpleasant; very annoying, contemptible, or odious

oboe /ˈoʊboʊ/ n
obój
wind instrument

oboe d'amore /ˌoʊboʊ dɑˈmɔɹeɪ/ /ˌəʊbəʊ daˈmɔːɹeɪ/ n
obój miłosny
instrument of the oboe family

oboist n
oboista oboistka
performer on the oboe

obolus n
obol
silver coin

obovate adj
odwrotnie jajowaty
shaped like an egg

obscene /əbˈsin/ /əbˈsiːn/ adj
obsceniczny
disgusting or repulsive
sprośny obsceniczny nieprzyzwoity
offensive to current standards of decency or morality

obscenity n
obsceniczność
something that is obscene

obscurantist adj
obskurancki

obscure /əbˈskjɔː(ɹ)/ /əbˈskjɝ/ /əbˈskjʊə(ɹ)/ /əbˈskjʊɹ/ adj
ciemny niewyraźny
dark, faint or indistinct
mało znany ukryty
hidden, out of sight or inconspicuous

obscure /əbˈskjɔː(ɹ)/ /əbˈskjɝ/ /əbˈskjʊə(ɹ)/ /əbˈskjʊɹ/ v
przesłonić zaciemnić
to darken, make faint
schować ukryć
to hide, put out of sight

obscurity /əbˈskjɔːɹɪti/ /əbˈskjɝɪti/ /əbˈskjʊəɹɪti/ /əbˈskjʊɹɪti/ n
ciemność mrok
darkness; the absence of light

obsequious /əbˈsiːkwi.əs/ adj
służalczy
fawning, subservient
służalczy czołobitny
obedient, compliant with someone else's orders

observable /əbˈzɜː.və.bəl/ /əbˈzɝ.və.bəl/ [əbˈzɜː.və.bɫ̩] [əbˈzɝ.və.bɫ̩] adj
obserwowalny
able to be observed

observable universe n
obserwowalny wszechświat widzialny wszechświat

observation /-ˈveɪʃn̩/ /ˌɑbzɚˈveɪʃən/ /ˌɒbzəˈveɪʃ(ə)n/ n
obserwacja spostrzeżenie ogląd
act of observing or being observed
spostrzeżenie uwaga komentarz
remark or comment

observatory /əbˈzəɹvətɔɹi/ /əbˈzɜːvət(ə)ɹi/ n
obserwatorium
place where celestial bodies or natural phenomena are observed

observe /ɒbˈzɜːv/ /əbˈzɜːv/ /əbˈzɝv/ v
obserwować zaobserwować
to notice, to watch
przestrzegać obchodzić zachowywać
to follow
spostrzec zaobserwować zauważyć
to comment

observer /ɑb-/ /ɒb-/ /əbˈzɜːvə/ /əbˈzɝvɚ/ n
obserwator obserwatorka
one who makes observations, monitors or takes notice
one manning an observation post
person sent to monitor but not to participate

obsess /əbˈsɛs/ v
prześladować
to dominate the thoughts of someone

obsessed /əbˈsɛst/ adj
mający obsesję
fixated on a single topic or emotion

obsession /əbˈsɛʃən/ n
obsesja
unhealthy fixation
compulsive or irrational preoccupation

obsessive /əbˈsɛsɪv/ adj
obsesyjny
excessive

obsessive-compulsive disorder n
zaburzenia obsesyjno-kompulsywne
form of anxiety

obsidian /əbˈsɪd.i.ən/ /ˌɒbˈsɪd.i.ən/ n
obsydian
a type of black glass produced by volcanoes

obsolescence /ˌɑb.səˈlɛ.səns/ /ˌɒb.səˈlɛ.səns/ n
starzenie się
state

obsolescent /ɑbsəˈlɛsənt/ /ɒbsəˈlɛsənt/ adj
wychodzący z użycia zanikający
in the process of becoming obsolete, but not obsolete yet

obsolete /ɑbsəˈliːt/ /ˈɑbsəliːt/ /ˈɒbsəliːt/ adj
przestarzały zdezaktualizowany
no longer in use

obstacle /ˈɑbstəkəl/ /ˈɒbstəkəl/ n
przeszkoda ambaras trudność
something that impedes, stands in the way of, or holds up progress

obstacle course n
przeszkoda
strenuous experience, hassle
tor przeszkód
course with a series of physical challenges that one performs sequentially

obstetric /əbˈstɛtɹɪk/ adj
położniczy
relating to obstetrics

obstetrician /ˌɑbstəˈtɹɪʃən/ /ˌɒbstəˈtɹɪʃən/ n
położnik położna
a physician who specializes in childbirth

obstetrics /ɑbˈstɛ.trɪks/ /əbˈstɛ.trɪks/ n
położnictwo akuszeria akuszerstwo
care of women during and after pregnancy

obstinacy /ˈɑbstɪnəsi/ /ˈɒbstɪnəsi/ n
upór upartość
state of stubbornness

obstinate /ˈɑb.stə.nət/ /ˈɑb.stə.nɪt/ /ˈɒb.stɪ.nət/ /ˈɒb.stɪ.nɪt/ adj
uparty zawzięty
adhering to an opinion, purpose, or course, usually unreasonably
uporczywy
(of inanimate things) not easily subdued or removed

obstreperous /ɑːbˈstɹɛpəɹəs/ /ɒbˈstɹɛp.əɹ.əs/ /əbˈstɹɛp.əɹ.əs/ /əbˈstɹɛpəɹəs/ adj
hałaśliwy
attended by, or making a loud and tumultuous noise
hałaśliwy niesforny zaczepny
stubbornly defiant

obtain /əbˈteɪn/ v
otrzymywać dostawać dostać nabywać nabyć otrzymać

obtrusive /ɑb-/ /ɒb-/ /əbˈtɹusɪv/ /əbˈtɹuːsɪv/ adj
nachalny
of a person: overly assertive, bold, or domineering

obtundation n
zamroczenie
decreased level of alertness

obtuse /-ˈtʃuːs/ /ɑb-/ /əbˈt(j)us/ /əbˈtjuːs/ adj
rozwarty tępy
geometry: larger than 90° but less than 180°

obtuse angle n
kąt rozwarty
angle that is greater than 90 degrees and less than 180 degrees

obtuse triangle n
trójkąt rozwartokątny
triangle with an obtuse angle

obtuse-angled adj
rozwartokątny
of a triangle

obverse n
awers
the heads side of a coin, or the side of a medal or badge that has the principal

obvious /ˈɑ.vi.əs/ /ˈɑb.vi.əs/ /ˈɒ.vɪəs/ /ˈɒb.vɪəs/ /ˈɒv.jəs/ adj
oczywisty
easily discovered or understood; self-explanatory

obviously /ˈɑ(b).vi(.)əs.li/ /ˈɒ(b).vi.əs.li/ /ˈɒ(b).vjəs.li/ /ˈɒ(b).vɪəs.li/ /ˈɔ(b).vi.ɘs.li/ /ˈɔv.jɘs.li/ adv
oczywiście
in an obvious manner; clearly apparent

ocarina /oʊkəˈɹinə/ /ɑkəˈɹinə/ /ɒkəˈɹiːnə/ n
okaryna
musical instrument

occasion /əˈkeɪʒən/ n
okazja
special event or function
okazja wypadek
favorable opportunity
powód
occurrence which brings with it some unlooked-for event; motive, reason

occasional /əˈkeɪʒ(ə)nəl/ adj
okazjonalny przypadkowy rzadki sporadyczny
limited to certain occasions; not very often

occasionally /əˈkeɪʒnəli/ /əˈkeɪʒənli/ /əˈkeɪʒənəli/ adv
okazjonalnie
from time to time; now and then; once in a while; at infrequent intervals

occipital /ɑkˈsɪp.ət.l̩/ /ɒkˈsɪp.ɪt.l̩/ /ɒkˈsɪp.ɪt.əl/ adj
potyliczny
of or pertaining to the occiput or occipital bone

occipital bone n
potylica
bone at the back of the skull

occipital lobe /ˌɑkˈsɪpɪtəl ˌloʊb/ n
płat potyliczny
division of cerebrum

occiput /ˈɑk.səp.ət/ /ˈɑk.səˌpʌt/ /ˈɒk.sɪ.pʌt/ n
potylica

occult /əˈkʌlt/ /ˈɒk.ʌlt/ n
okultyzm
supernatural affairs

occultation /ˌɑkəlˈteɪʃ(ə)n/ /ˌɒkəlˈteɪʃ(ə)n/ n
okultacja
astronomical event

occultist n
okultysta
person who practises occultism

occupation /ˌɑkjəˈpeɪʃən/ /ˌɑkjʊˈpeɪʃən/ /ˌɒkjəˈpeɪʃən/ /ˌɒkjʊˈpeɪʃən/ n
okupacja zajęcie
control of a country or region by a hostile army
zajmowanie
act, process or state of possessing a place
zajęcie zawód fach
activity or task with which one occupies oneself

occupational adj
zawodowy
of, relating to, or caused by an occupation

occupational health and safety n
bezpieczeństwo i higiena pracy
activity to promote health and safety in workplace

occupational safety and health n
bezpieczeństwo i higiena pracy
activity to promote safety in workplace

occupational therapist n
ergoterapeuta
therapist

occupational therapy n
terapia zajęciowa
therapeutic practice

occupied /ˈɑkjəpaɪd/ adj
okupowany zajęty
militarily subjugated
zajęty
busy
reserved

occupied /ˈɑkjəpaɪd/ interjection
zajęte
(used to communicate that a toilet is unavailable)

occupier n
okupant okupantka
one who occupies

occupy /ˈɑkjəpaɪ/ /ˈɒkjʊpaɪ/ v
okupować zajmować
have (taken) control of

occur /əˈkɜː/ /əˈkɝ/ v
napaść
meet or come to the mind
występować
be present or found
zdarzać się dziać się stać się trafiać trafić wydarzać się
take place

occurrence /əˈkɐɹ.ən(t)s/ /əˈkɜːɹ.ən(t)s/ /əˈkɝ.ən(t)s/ /əˈkɵːɹ.ən(t)s/ /əˈkʌɹ.ən(t)s/ /ɜː/ n
wydarzenie pojawienie wypadek zjawisko
actual instance where a situation arises

ocean /ˈoʊ.ʃən/ /ˈəʊ.ʃən/ n
ocean
one of the large bodies of water

ocean floor n
dno oceaniczne
ocean floor

ocean sunfish n
samogłów
Mola mola

oceanarium n
oceanarium
park where visitors can see marine animals

oceanic /ˌəʊsiˈænɪk/ /ˌəʊʃiˈænɪk/ adj
oceaniczny
of or relating to the ocean
living in the ocean

oceanlike adj
oceanowy

oceanographer /ˌoʊʃəˈnɑɡɹəfəɹ/ n
oceanograf oceanolog oceanografka oceanolożka
person who studies oceanography, the science of oceans

oceanography /ˌoʊʃəˈnɑɡɹəfi/ /ˌəʊʃjəˈnɒɡɹəfi/ n
oceanografia oceanologia
oceanic exploration and study

oceanologist n
oceanolog oceanolożka
one who studies oceans

ocellus /əʊˈsɛləs/ n
oczko przyoczko
simple eye consisting of a single lens

ocelot /ˈɑsəlɑt/ /ˈɒsəlɒt/ n
ocelot
feline carnivore

ochlocracy /ɑkˈlɑ.kɹə.si/ /ɒkˈlɒk.ɹə.si/ /ɔkˈlɔ.kɹə.si/ n
ochlokracja
government by the masses

ochre /ˈoʊkɚ/ /ˈəʊkə/ n
ochra
yellowish-orange colour

ocrea n
gatka
botanical sheath

octacontagon n
80[[kąt|-okąt]]
geometry

octadecagon n
osiemnastokąt
geometry

octadecane n
oktadekan
isometric alkane C18H38

octagon /ˈɑktəˌɡɑn/ /ˈɒktəɡ(ə)n/ n
ośmiokąt
polygon with eight sides and eight angles

octagonal /ɑkˈtæɡ.ə.n(ə)l/ adj
oktagonalny ośmiokątny
shaped like an octagon

octagram /ˈɒk.tə.ɡɹæm/ [ˈɑk.tə.ɡɹæm] [ˈɒk.tə.ɡɹæm] n
oktogram
Eight-pointed star

octahedral adj
ośmiościenny
having eight plane surfaces

octahedron n
oktaedr ośmiościan
a polyhedron with eight faces

octal /ˈɒk.təl/ adj
ósemkowy
concerning numbers expressed in octal or mathematics calculations performed using octal

octane /ˈɒk.teɪn/ n
oktan
isomeric aliphatic hydrocarbons

octave /ˈɑkteɪv/ /ˈɑktɪv/ /ˈɒkteɪv/ /ˈɒktɪv/ n
oktawa
interval

octet /ɒkˈtɛt/ n
oktet
group of eight musicians performing together

octillion /ɒkˈtɪl.iː.ən/ numeral
kwadryliard
a thousand trillion trillion, 1027

octobass n
oktobas
large double bass

octolingual adj
ośmiojęzyczny

octopus /ˈɑktəpəs/ /ˈɑktəpʊs/ /ˈɒktəpəs/ /ˈɒktəpʊs/ n
ośmiornica
mollusc

ocular /ˈɑ.kjə.lɚ/ /ˈɑ.kjʊ.lɚ/ /ˈɒk.jə.lə/ /ˈɒk.jʊ.lə/ adj
oczny
of or relating to the eye

odalisque /oʊdlˈisk/ /ˈoʊdlɪsk/ /ˈɒd(ə)lɪsk/ /ˈəʊd(ə)lɪsk/ n
odaliska
a female harem slave

odd /ɑd/ /ɒd/ adj
dziwny
strange
nieparzysty
indivisible by two

odd function n
funkcja nieparzysta
function

odd number n
liczba nieparzysta

odds and ends n
drobiazgi pierdółki
miscellaneous things

ode /od/ /oʊd/ /əʊd/ n
oda
a short poetical composition

odometer /oʊˈdɑːmətɚ/ /əʊˈdɒmətə/ /əʊˈdɒmɪtə/ n
drogomierz
instrument in a vehicle

odontology n
odontologia
study of teeth

odontophobia n
odontofobia
fear of dentistry

odor /ˈoʊ.dɚ/ /ˈəʊ.də/ n
zapach
any smell, whether fragrant or offensive; scent; perfume

odorless /əʊdələs/ adj
bezzapachowy bezwonny
having no odor

odynophagia n
odynofagia
pain when swallowing

odyssey /ˈɑ.də.si/ /ˈɑ.dɪ.si/ /ˈɒd.ə.si/ /ˈɒd.ɪ.si/ /ˈɔd.ɪ.si/ n
odyseja
extended adventurous voyage

oenological adj
enologiczny
of or pertaining to oenology, the study of wine

oenologist n
enolog
an expert in the science of oenology

oenology /iˈnɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/ /iˈnɒl.ə.d͡ʒi/ n
enologia winoznawstwo
scientific study of wines

oesophagus /iːˈsɒfəɡəs/ /ɪˈsɑfəɡəs/ /ɪˈsɒfəɡəs/ n
przełyk
the tube that carries food from the pharynx to the stomach

oeuvre /ˈuːvɹə/ /ˈəːvɹə/ /ˈɜːvɹə/ n
dorobek twórczość
complete body of works
dzieło utwór
work of art

of /ɒv/ /ɔv/ /ə/ /əv/ /ʌv/ preposition
na temat o
introducing topic or subject matter
z
containing, comprising or made from
connecting numeral or quantifier with quantified
introducing an epithet

of age
pełnoletni
old enough to be considered an adult

of all things
akurat
more than other things, especially, exactly (that thing)

of all time
wszech czasów
ever

of blessed memory
błogosławionej pamięci
honorific epithet

of course /əv ˈkoə(ɹ)s/ /əv ˈkɔː(ɹ)s/ adv
oczywiście
naturally

of its kind phraseologicalUnit
tego rodzaju
of the same type

of old
dawnych czasów minionych czasów

of one's own accord /əv ˌwʌnz oʊn əˈkɔɹd/ /əv ˌwʌnz əʊn əˈkɔːd/
z własnej woli na własne życzenie z dobrej i nieprzymuszonej woli z własnej i nieprzymuszonej woli
on one’s (or its) own initiative

of one's word
słowny
that keeps promises and tells the truth

of someone's dreams
swoich marzeń wymarzony

of sorts
rodzaju typu
Resembling; similar to; in a way; partial or not entire; somewhat

of the century
stulecia
most remarkable

of two minds
bić się z myślami
undecided or unsure

off /ɑf/ /ɒf/ /ɔf/ /ɔːf/ adv
od-
in a direction away from the speaker or object

off /ɑf/ /ɒf/ /ɔf/ /ɔːf/ v
sprzątnąć

off and on adv
zrywami
intermittently

off the beaten track
na uboczu

off the books
niezaksięgowany
undeclared for tax and social insurance

off the top of one's head
bez zastanowienia impromptu z głowy
in an extemporaneous manner; without careful thought, preparation, or investigation

off-color adj
niedysponowany
feeling mildly unwell

off-the-wall adj
od czapy
wildly unconventional; bizarre; absurd

off-topic adj
nie na temat offtop
not related to the matter being discussed

off-white adj
białawy
of a very pale colour that is almost white

off-white n
złamana biel
very pale colour that is almost white

offal /ˈɑfl̩/ /ˈɒfl̩/ /ˈɔfl̩/ n
podroby
animal's organs as food

offend /əˈfɛnd/ v
obrazić się
to feel or become offended
obrażać obrazić urazić urażać
to hurt the feelings

offender n
przestępca
a person who commits an offense against the law

offensive /əˈfɛnsɪv/ /ˈɔˌfɛnsɪv/ adj
obraźliwy
causing offense
ofensywny
relating to attack, offense
team sports: having to do with play directed at scoring

offensive /əˈfɛnsɪv/ /ˈɔˌfɛnsɪv/ n
ofensywa atak
an attack

offer /ˈɑfɚ/ /ˈɒfə(ɹ)/ /ˈɔfɚ/ /ˈɔːfə(ɹ)/ n
oferta
something put forth
law: invitation to enter binding contract
oferta propozycja
proposal

offer /ˈɑfɚ/ /ˈɒfə(ɹ)/ /ˈɔfɚ/ /ˈɔːfə(ɹ)/ v
oferować proponować zaoferować zaproponować
place at disposal
propose

offertory /ˈɑfəɹˌtɔɹi/ /ˈɒfət(ə)ɹi/ n
ofiarowanie ofertorium offertorium
the offering of sacremental bread and wine to God during a church service

offhand /ˌɔfˈhænd/ adj
bezceremonialny
curt, unfriendly

offhandedly /ˌɑfˈhændədli/ adv
bezceremonialnie

offhandedness /ˌɑfˈhændədnəs/ n
bezceremonialność

office /ˈɑfɪs/ /ˈɒfɪs/ /ˈɔfɪs/ n
biuro urząd
room(s) or building used for non-manual work
major governmental division
funkcja posada stanowisko
position of responsibility
oficjum
ceremonial religious duty or rite

office boy n
boy
boy or junior clerk employed in a professional office

office building n
biurowiec
commercial building containing spaces for offices

office party n
przyjęcie firmowe

office worker n
biuralista biuralistka
Someone who works in an office

officer /ˈɑfəsɚ/ /ˈɑfɪsɚ/ /ˈɒfsə/ /ˈɒfəsə/ /ˈɒfɪsə/ /ˈɔfəsɚ/ /ˈɔfɪsɚ/ n
oficer
contraction of the term "commissioned officer"
urzędnik urzędniczka
one who holds a public office
wysoki urzędnik wyższy urzędnik
one who has a position of authority in a hierarchical organization

official /əˈfɪʃəl/ adj
oficjalny
approved by authority
służbowy
of or pertaining to an office or public trust

official /əˈfɪʃəl/ n
urzędnik oficjel urzędniczka
office holder invested with powers and authorities

official language n
język urzędowy
language

officially /əˈfɪʃəli/ adv
oficjalnie
in an official manner

officiate /əˈfiʃ.i.eɪt/ v
pełnić obowiązki przewodniczyć
to perform the functions of some office
sędziować
to serve as umpire or referee

officious adj
nadgorliwy
offensively intrusive or interfering

offline /ɑfˈlaɪn/ /ɒfˈlaɪn/ /ɔfˈlaɪn/ adj
offline
of a system, not connected to a larger network

offprint n
nadbitka
reproduction of an article

offshoot n
odgałęzienie odnoga
that which shoots off from a main stem

offshore /ɒfˈʃɔː(ɹ)/ v
przenieść przenosić
to use foreign labor to substitute for local labor

offside /ɒfˈsaɪd/ adj
na spalonym spalony
in an illegal position ahead of the ball

offside /ɒfˈsaɪd/ n
spalony
offside play

offspring /ˈɑfspɹɪŋ/ /ˈɒfspɹɪŋ/ /ˈɔfspɹɪŋ/ n
potomek potomkini
singular offspring (male, female or sex unspecified)
potomstwo progenitura
plural or collective offspring (only males, only females, both sexes or sex unspecified)

often /ˈɑf(t)ən/ /ˈɒf(t)ən/ /ˈɔf(t)ən/ /ˈɔːf(t)ən/ adv
często
frequently, many times

oganesson /oʊ.ɡəˈnɛsɒn/ n
oganeson
chemical element

oghamic adj
ogamiczny
in, of, or pertaining to Ogham

ogonek /ɒˈɡɒnɛk/ /ɔˈɡɔnɛk/ /ˈoʊɡənɛk/ /ˈəʊɡənɛk/ n
ogonek
diacritical mark

ogre /ˈoʊ.ɡɚ/ /ˈəʊ.ɡə/ n
ogr
brutish giant

oh /oʊ/ /əʊ/ interjection
ach och
expression of surprise

oh dear interjection
o rany
expression of dismay, concern, worry or disapproval

oh my God interjection
mój Boże
excitement or shock

oh my gosh interjection
O mój Boże
oh my God

oh no /(ˈ)əʊ ˈnəʊ/ interjection
no o nie
exclamation of alarm or concern

ohel n
ohel
structure over the grave

ohm /oʊm/ /əʊm/ n
om ohm
the derived unit of electrical resistance

oil /ɔl/ /ɔɪ(ə)l/ [ɔɪ(ə)ɫ] n
olej
liquid fat
oil produced from plants
olej ropa naftowa ropa
petroleum-based liquid

oil /ɔl/ /ɔɪ(ə)l/ [ɔɪ(ə)ɫ] v
naoliwiać naoliwić oliwić
lubricate with oil

oil beetle n
maik oleica
beetle of the genus Meloe

oil cake n
makuch
solid residue

oil lamp n
kaganek
a simple vessel used to produce light

oil paint n
farba olejna olej
paint

oil painting n
obraz olejny olej
a painting done with oil paints

oil palm n
palma olejowa
tree that produces palm oil

oil pipeline n
naftociąg ropociąg
oil pipeline

oil refining n
rafinacja ropy
process

oil rig n
wieża wiertnicza
oil-drilling platform

oil sand n
piasek roponośny
relatively loose sandstone or porous carbonate rock impregnated with bitumen

oil spill n
wyciek ropy (naftowej)
oil spill

oil tanker n
tankowiec
a ship that transports oil (petroleum)

oil terminal n
terminal naftowy
an industrial facility for the storage of oil, petroleum and petrochemical products

oil well n
szyb naftowy
hole drilled into the earth from which petroleum is pumped

oilbird n
tłuszczak
Steatornis caripensis

oilcloth n
cerata
fabric or cloth

oilily adv
oleiście
in an oily way

oilometer n
licznik oleju miernik oleju
indicator of the oil level in a vehicle

oink /ɔɪŋk/ interjection
chrum
Representing the sound made by a pig

oink /ɔɪŋk/ n
chrumknięcie
sound made by a pig

oink /ɔɪŋk/ v
chrumkać chrumknąć kwiczeć kwiknąć
to oink

ointment /ˈɔɪn(t)m(ə)nt/ /ˈɔɪntm(ə)nt/ [ˈɔ̃ɪ̃(n)ʔ.mɪ̃(n)ʔ] n
maść
viscous preparation, usually containing medication

okapi /oʊˈkɑpi/ /ə(ʊ)ˈkɑːpi/ /əʊˈkɑːpi/ n
okapi
Okapia johnstoni

okey dokey, artichokey phraseologicalUnit
dobrze, dobrze, panie bobrze

okra /ˈoʊkɹə/ /ˈɒkɹə/ /ˈəʊkɹə/ n
ketmia piżmowa okra piżmian właściwy róża chińska
A. esculentus
okra ketmia piżmowa
edible capsules of A. esculentus

okroshka /əˈkɹɔʃkə/ n
okroszka
cold raw vegetable soup

okrug n
okręg
administrative division

old /aʉld/ /ˈoʊld/ /ˈəʊld/ [ɒʊ(ɫ)d] [ˈɒʊ(ɫ)d] [ˈɔʊ(ɫ)d] adj
stary
(of an item) used, not new
having existed or lived for the specified time
former
stary niemłody
of a living being: having lived for relatively many years
stary stare
of an object, concept, etc: having existed for a relatively long period of time

old age n
starość
latter part of life

old as the hills /ˌoʊld əz‿ðə ˈhɪlz/ /ˌəʊld əz‿ðə ˈhɪlz/ adj
stary jak świat
extremely old

old bag n
babsztyl

old dear n
babcia babina starowina staruszka
old woman

old fart n
stary pryk
pejorative: elderly person

old folks' home n
dom pogodnej jesieni dom spokojnej starości dom starców
A residential complex for old people

old guard n
stara gwardia
old guard

old hand n
wyga wyjadacz wyjadaczka
experienced person at certain activity

old lady n
baba stara
one's girlfriend, wife or significant other
stara
one's mother
stara staruszka
informal: elderly woman

old maid n
piotruś
card game

old man n
dziadek staruszek starzec stary
elderly man
stary
slang: husband, significant other
stary staruszek zgred
father (slang)

old school adj
oldskulowy staromodny staroszkolny
characteristic of a style, outlook, or method employed in a former era

old school n
stary nurt
a style, way of thinking, or method for accomplishing a task that was employed in a former era

old sweat n
wiarus
experienced soldier

old town n
starówka stare miasto
older historical part of a town or city

old wine in a new bottle n
stare wino w nowych bukłakach
existing concept or institution presented as if new

old woman n
baba starucha staruszka babcia
elderly woman

old-fashioned /oʊldˈfæʃənd/ /əʊldˈfæʃənd/ adj
staromodny
preferring the customs of earlier times
staromodny staroświecki
outdated or no longer in vogue

old-growth forest n
las pierwotny
forest that has attained great age without significant disturbance

old-timer n
weteran
one who has been around for a long time or has a great deal of experience

older brother n
starszy brat
multi-word, compound-word or otherwise sum-of-parts translations

oldness /əʊldnəs/ n
starość
state of being old

oleaginous /ˌoʊ.liˈæd͡ʒ.ɪ.nəs/ /ˌəʊ.lɪˈæd͡ʒ.ɪ.nəs/ adj
obłudny
falsely or affectedly earnest; persuasively suave
oleisty tłusty
oily, greasy

oleander /ˈoʊliændɚ/ /ˌoʊliˈændɚ/ /ˌəʊliˈændə(ɹ)/ n
oleander
A poisonous shrub

oleaster n
oliwnik
plant in the family Elaeagnaceae, especially, a plant in the genus Elaeagnus, especially, the species Elaeagnus angustifolia

olericulture n
warzywnictwo
vegetable cultivation

olfaction n
węch
the sense of smell

olfactory /oʊlˈfæk.təɹ.i/ /ɑlˈfæk.təɹ.i/ /ɒlˈfak.tə.ɹi/ /ɒlˈfak.tɹi/ adj
węchowy
concerning the sense of smell

oligarch /ˈoʊləɡɑɹk/ /ˈɑləɡɑɹk/ n
oligarcha
a member of an oligarchy

oligarchic adj
oligarchiczny
of or pertaining to oligarchy

oligarchy /ˈoʊlɪˌɡɑɹki/ /ˈɑːlɪˌɡɑɹki/ /ˈɒlɪˌɡɑːki/ n
oligarchia
government by only a few
state ruled by such a government
those who make up an oligarchic government

oligomer /əˈlɪ.ɡə.məɹ/ n
oligomer
compound intermediate between a monomer and a polymer

oligopoly /ɒlɪˈɡɒpli/ /ɒlɪˈɡɒpəli/ /ˌoʊ-/ /ˌɑləˈɡɑpəli/ n
oligopol
economic condition in which a small number of sellers exert control over the market of a commodity

oligotherapy n
terapeutyczne użycie pierwiastków śladowych
therapeutic use of trace elements

oliguria n
oliguria skąpomocz
a decreased production in the volume of urine

olingo n
olingo
small procyonid

olive /ˈɑ.lɪv/ /ˈɒl.ɪv/ adj
oliwkowy żółtawozielony
colour

olive /ˈɑ.lɪv/ /ˈɒl.ɪv/ n
oliwka
fruit

olive branch /ˈɑlɪv bɹæntʃ/ /ˈɒlɪv bɹɑːntʃ/ n
gałązka oliwna
branch of an olive tree as an emblem of peace

olive grove n
oliwnik
cluster of olive trees

olive oil n
oliwa z oliwek olej oliwkowy oliwa
oil pressed from olives

olive tree n
oliwka
tree that produces olives

olive-backed pipit n
świergotek tajgowy
Anthus hodgsoni

om nom nom interjection
om
sound made while relishing food

omasum n
księgi
the third part of the stomach of a ruminant

ombudsman /ɒmˈbʊdzmən/ /ˈɑmbədzmən/ /ˈɒmbədzmən/ n
ombudsman rzecznik
official who investigates complaints

ombudswoman n
ombudsmanka
a female ombudsman

omega /oʊˈmɛɡə/ /ˈəʊmiːɡə/ /ˈəʊmɪɡə/ /ˌoʊˈmeɪɡə/ n
omega
letter of the Greek alphabet

omelette /ˈɑ.mə.lət/ /ˈɑm.lət/ /ˈɑm.lɪt/ /ˈɒm.lɪt/ /ˈɔm.lət/ n
omlet
dish made with beaten eggs

omeprazole /oʊˈmɛp.ɹəˌzoʊl/ /əʊˈmɛp.ɹə.zəʊl/ n
omeprazol

omicron /əʊˈmaɪkɹɒn/ /əʊˈmaɪkɹən/ /əˈmaɪkɹɒn/ /ˈoʊməˌkɹɑn/ /ˈoʊmɪˌkɹɑn/ /ˈɑməˌkɹɑn/ /ˈɑmɪˌkɹɑn/ /ˈɒmɪkɹɒn/ /ˈɒmɪkɹən/ /ˈəʊmɪkɹɒn/ n
omikron
Greek letter

ominous /ˈɑmɪnəs/ /ˈɒmɪnəs/ adj
złowieszczy złowróżbny
giving indication of a coming ill

omit /oʊˈmɪt/ /əʊˈmɪt/ v
opuścić opuszczać pomijać pominąć
to leave out or exclude

omni- prefix
wszech-
all

omnibus /ˈɑmnɪbəs/ /ˈɒmnɪbəs/ n
omnibus
vehicle

omnidirectional /ɒmˈnɪdaɪˈɹɛk.ʃə.nəl/ /ɒmˈnɪdɪˈɹɛk.ʃə.nəl/ adj
dookólny wszechkierunkowy
in every direction

omnifarious adj
różnoraki różnorodny wszelaki
of all forms

omnipotence /ɒmˈnɪpətəns/ n
wszechmoc
unlimited power

omnipotent /ɒmˈnɪpətənt/ adj
wszechmocny
having unlimited power, force or authority

omnipresence n
wszechobecność omniprezencja
the ability to be at all places at the same time

omnipresent [ˌɑmnɪˈpɹɛzn̩t] [ˌɒmnɪˈpɹɛzn̩t] [ˌɔmnɪˈpɹezn̩t] adj
wszechobecny
being everywhere

omniscience /ɑmˈnɪʃəns/ /ɒmˈnɪsiəns/ n
wszechwiedza
capacity to know everything

omniscient /ɑmˈnɪʃənt/ /ɒmˈnɪsɪənt/ adj
wszystkowiedzący wszechwiedzący
having total knowledge

omniscient narrator n
narrator wszechwiedzący

omnivore /ˈɒmnɪvɔː(ɹ)/ n
wszystkożerca
animal eating both plants and meat

omnivorous /ɑmˈnɪ.vɝ.əs/ adj
wszystkożerny
having the ability to eat both animal and vegetable food

on /ɑn/ /ɒn/ /ɔn/ /ɔʊn/ adj
włączony
in the state of being active, functioning or operating

on /ɑn/ /ɒn/ /ɔn/ /ɔʊn/ preposition
na
positioned at the upper surface of
covering
touching; hanging from
math:having Vn as domain and V as codomain
o
dealing with the subject of
przy
math:having V as both domain and codomain
w
some time during the day of

on a case-by-case basis
indywidualnie osobno

on a plate
na tacy
(idiomatic) within easy reach, easily achieved

on a regular basis
na bieżąco
regularly

on a roll
na fali
having a streak of good luck or good progress or success

on a shoestring
budżetowo
on a very tight budget

on account of preposition
z racji
because of, owing to

on air
na antenie
broadcasting or transmitting

on all fours adv
na bałyku na czworakach raczkiem
on hands and knees

on an empty stomach
na czczo na pusty żołądek

on an equal footing
na równi

on and off adv
zrywami
intermittently

on and on adv
bez końca
continuously and tediously

on average
przeciętnie średnio
as a measure of central tendency
średnio
usually

on behalf of
w imieniu
speaking or acting for

on board adj
na pokładzie
on or in a means of transportation

on board interjection
na pokład!

on cloud nine
w siódmym niebie
very happy, blissful

on credit
na krechę na kredyt na kreskę na zeszyt
with an understanding that money will be paid back

on demand
na żądanie
when needed or required

on duty
dyżurny
actively engaged...

on earth
-ż jakim cudem na Boga
expletive giving emphasis after interrogative word

on edge
spięty
tense, nervous with fear

on end
do góry nogami
upright, erect, endways
nonstop
continuously, long

on everyone's lips
na ustach wszystkich

on file
w aktach

on fire
na fali
rapidly achieving good results
płonąć
being burned by fire

on foot
na piechotę pieszo piechotą
walking, jogging, running

on good terms
na dobrej stopie
being friendly; having good relations

on guard adj
mieć się na baczności
on alert, vigilant

on hand
pod ręką
available

on one's conscience
na sumieniu

on one's deathbed
na łożu śmierci
close to death (idiomatic)

on one's feet
na nogach
healthy
in satisfactory condition
standing up

on one's last legs
na ostatnich nogach
about to die

on one's own
samodzielnie na własną rękę
alone; by oneself; without the companionship or assistance of others

on one's period
mieć okres

on pain of /ɑn ˈpeɪn əv/ /ɒn ˈpeɪn əv/
pod karą
subject to the punishment or (generally) circumstance of

on paper
na papierze
in theory

on principle
dla zasady

on purpose
celowo naumyślnie specjalnie umyślnie z rozmysłem
purposely, with intention

on someone's mind
na głowie
preoccupying someone

on tap
beczkowy
available from a barrel

on the back burner
na drugi plan
not immediate

on the basis of preposition
na podstawie

on the blink
niedysponowany
to be malfunctioning (device), the state of being out of order

on the breadline
klepać biedę

on the brink of /ɒn ðə brɪŋk əv/ preposition
na krawędzi na skraju
very near to

on the contrary
przeciwnie wręcz przeciwnie
opposite

on the dot
punkt
exactly

on the double
w biegu
rapidly or immediately

on the edge of one's seat
trzymać w napięciu
in suspense

on the face of it
na pierwszy rzut oka
as far as can be seen or determined

on the fence
na dwoje babka wróżyła stać pod znakiem zapytania

on the fly adv
w locie
spontaneously or extemporaneously

on the fritz
szwankować
out of order, malfunctioning

on the go
w biegu
actively traveling

on the heels of preposition
na piętach po piętach
in close pursuit of

on the house
na koszt firmy
free service

on the loose
na wolności
not in captivity

on the one hand
z jednej strony
from one point of view

on the order of adv
rzędu
adverb

on the other hand
z drugiej strony natomiast
from another point of view

on the right track
na dobrym tropie

on the safe side
występując bezpiecznie
on the safe side

on the same wavelength
na tych samych falach
in rapport

on the side
na boku uboczny

on the sly adv
ukradkiem
slyly, in an inconspicuous manner, so as not to be seen; secretly; stealthily

on the spot
z miejsca
at the very moment

on the street
na ulicy
without a home

on the table
na tapecie
up for formal discussion

on the tip of one's tongue
na końcu języka
known but not quite remembered

on the warpath
na wojennej ścieżce
very angry or upset

on the way
po drodze
on the direct route
while travelling
w drodze
coming

on the whole
generalnie ogólnie rzecz biorąc
for the most part

on thin ice adv
stąpać po cienkim lodzie
at risk

on tick
na krechę na kredyt na kreskę na zeszyt
with an understanding that money will be paid back

on time
na czas o czasie punktualnie
punctually

on top of preposition
na dodatek oprócz
in addition

on top of that
na dodatek na domiar
additionally, moreover

on your head be it phraseologicalUnit
rób na własną odpowiedzialność

on your mark, get set, go phraseologicalUnit
do biegu, gotowi, start na miejsca, gotowi, start
three-command start of racing

on-the-job adj
stanowiskowy

onager /-ɡə/ /ˈɑnəd͡ʒɚ/ /ˈɒnəd͡ʒə/ /ˈɔː-/ n
onager
Asiatic wild ass or hemione
military engine

once /wɒn(t)s/ /wʌn(t)s/ adv
jeden raz raz
one and only one time
wcześniej
formerly

once /wɒn(t)s/ /wʌn(t)s/ conjunction
gdy tylko jak tylko kiedy tylko
as soon as

once again adv
ponownie znowu jeszcze raz na nowo
one more time

once and for all adv
raz na zawsze raz a dobrze raz a porządnie
Finally, permanently, conclusively

once bitten, twice shy proverb
kto się na gorącym sparzył, ten na zimne dmucha
one is cautious in the future if hurt in the past

once in a blue moon /wʌns ɪn ə bluː muːn/ adv
od wielkiego dzwonu raz na ruski rok
very rarely

once in a while adv
raz na jakiś czas
occasionally

once or twice phraseologicalUnit
raz czy dwa
a small, indefinite number of times

once upon a time /ˈwʌns.əˈpɑn.əˈtaɪ̯m/ adv
dawno, dawno temu pewnego razu za górami, za lasami
traditional beginning of children’s stories, especially fairy tales

oncilla /ɒnˈsiː.ə/ n
ocelot tygrysi oncilla
Leopardus tigrinus

oncologic /ˌɒŋkəˈlɒd͡ʒɪk/ adj
onkologiczny
of or pertaining to oncology

oncologist /ɒnˈkɒləd͡ʒɪst/ /ɒŋˈkɒləd͡ʒɪst/ n
onkolog
one who specialises in oncology

oncology /ɒŋˈkɒləd͡ʒi/ n
onkologia
branch of medicine

one /oʊn/ /w/ /wan/ /wɒn/ /wʌn/ /ɔːn/ [wän] determiner
jedyny
sole, only
niejaki
being an unknown person with the specified name
pewien
of a period of time

one /oʊn/ /w/ /wan/ /wɒn/ /wʌn/ /ɔːn/ [wän] n
jednodolarówka
dollar bill
jedynka jeden
digit or figure

one /oʊn/ /w/ /wan/ /wɒn/ /wʌn/ /ɔːn/ [wän] numeral
jeden jedynka
cardinal number 1

one /oʊn/ /w/ /wan/ /wɒn/ /wʌn/ /ɔːn/ [wän] pronoun
ktoś
impersonal pronoun

one after another adv
jeden po drugim jeden za drugim
in single file

one and a half numeral
półtora półtorej
one and a half

one and all pronoun
wszyscy co do jednego
the entire set of persons or things

one and only adj
jeden jedyny
unique

one another pronoun
nawzajem
idiomatic, reciprocal pronoun

one at a time adv
pojedynczo
individually

one by one adv
jeden po drugim jeden za drugim
individually

one day adv
pewnego dnia kiedyś
at unspecified time in the future

one fell swoop n
za jednym zamachem
one stroke; one action or event with many results

one for all, all for one /wʌn fəɹɔːl ɔːl fə wʌn/ phraseologicalUnit
jeden za wszystkich, wszyscy za jednego
motto: working for each other

one for the road n
rozchodniak strzemienny
a final drink before one leaves

one good turn deserves another proverb
przysługa za przysługę
one act of kindness should be paid back by another act of kindness

one hundred one numeral
sto jeden
101

one hundred percent adj
na sto procent stuprocentowy
complete, total

one hundred percent adv
bez reszty na sto procent
completely, totally

one man and his dog n
prawie nikt
almost nobody; very few people

one man's meat is another man's poison proverb
kto co lubi
people have differing tastes; what pleases one person may displease another

one may as well hang for a sheep as a lamb proverb
lepiej iść na całość

one moment, please phraseologicalUnit
chwilę, proszę
one moment please

one o'clock n
pierwsza
the start of the second hour

one of a kind n
jedyny w swoim rodzaju
unique specimen

one of these days adv
niedługo wkrótce
one day

one swallow does not a summer make proverb
jedna jaskółka wiosny nie czyni
one instance of an event does not necessarily indicate a trend

one thing led to another phraseologicalUnit
po nitce do kłębka

one way or another adv
tak czy inaczej
somehow, but certainly

one's /wʌnz/ determiner
swój
belonging to one

one's bark is worse than one's bite phraseologicalUnit
pies który dużo szczeka - nie gryzie
one acts in a threatening way but is relatively harmless

one's blood runs cold phraseologicalUnit
aż zmroziło
One experiences a visceral feeling of fear, horror, dread, or strong forboding

one's days are numbered phraseologicalUnit
czyjeś dni są policzone
some period of time is coming to an end

one's elevator doesn't go all the way to the top phraseologicalUnit
nie mieć wszystkich w domu
indicating mental deficiency

one's lips are sealed phraseologicalUnit
trzymać buzię na kłódkę
I won't tell anyone

one-armed /ˌwʌnɑɹmd/ /ˌwʌnɑːmd/ adj
jednoręki jednoramienny
having only one arm

one-armed bandit /ˌwʌnɑɹmd ˈbændɪt/ /ˌwʌnɑːmd ˈbændɪt/ n
jednoręki bandyta
gaming machine having a long arm-like handle at one side that a player pulls down to make reels spin

one-dimensional adj
jednowymiarowy
having length, but no width, height or depth

one-eyed adj
jednooki
having only a single eye

one-fourth numeral
jedna czwarta
¼

one-handed adv
jednoręki
having only one hand

one-legged /ˈwʌnˌlɛɡəd/ adj
jednonogi
having only one leg

one-man band n
człowiek orkiestra
musician who plays several musical instruments

one-off n
prowizorka
something that is done only once

one-to-one adj
odpowiedni
matching each member of one set with one member of another set

one-two-three adv
raz-dwa-trzy
quickly

one-way adj
jednokierunkowy jednostronny
allowing movement in only one direction
jednostronny
allowing travel in only one direction

one-way mirror n
lustro półprzepuszczalne lustro weneckie
mirror that is transparent on one side

one-way street n
jednokierunkowa (ulica)
road in which traffic is only allowed to proceed in one direction

one-way ticket n
bilet jednorazowy bilet jednostronny bilet w jedną stronę
a ticket granting permission to travel to a place but not back

one-year-old adj
roczny
having existed for one year

oneiric /oʊ.ˈnaɪ.ɹɪk/ /əʊ.ˈnaɪ.ɹɪk/ adj
oniryczny senny
of or pertaining to dreams

oneirism /ə(ʊ)ˈnʌɪɹɪzəm/ n
oniryzm
dream-like experiences or qualities

oneirology n
oneirologia
the study of dreams

oneiromancy /-ɹə-/ /oʊˈnaɪɹoʊˌmæn(t)si/ /əʊˈnaɪɹəʊ-/ /əˈnaɪɹəˌmænsi/ n
onejromancja
divination by the interpretation of dreams

onerous /ˈoʊnəɹəs/ /ˈɑnəɹəs/ /ˈɒnəɹəs/ /ˈəʊnəɹəs/ adj
uciążliwy
burdensome

oneself /wʌnˈsɛlf/ pronoun
siebie sobie
a person's self: general form of himself, herself, themself or yourself

ongoing adj
w toku
continuing, permanent
presently or currently happening; being in progress

onigiri /ˌoʊ.nɪˈɡɪɹ.i/ n
onigiri
Japanese rice ball

onion /ˈɪn.jən/ /ˈɪŋ.ən/ /ˈʌn.jən/ /ˈʌŋ.jɪn/ n
cebula
Allium cepa
bulb
czosnek
genus

onion dome n
cebula
onion-shaped dome

online /ɑnlaɪn/ /ɑnˈlaɪn/ /ɒnˈlaɪn/ /ɔnˈlaɪn/ /ˈɒnlaɪn/ /ˈɔnlaɪn/ adj
online
available over the Internet
connected to a network
connected to the Internet

online /ɑnlaɪn/ /ɑnˈlaɪn/ /ɒnˈlaɪn/ /ɔnˈlaɪn/ /ˈɒnlaɪn/ /ˈɔnlaɪn/ adv
online
performed over Internet

only /ˈoʊn.li/ /ˈəʊn.i/ /ˈəʊn.li/ adj
jedyny
alone in a category
jedyny najlepszy
singularly superior; the best

only /ˈoʊn.li/ /ˈəʊn.i/ /ˈəʊn.li/ adv
dopiero tylko
as recently as
tylko
no more than
tylko jedynie
without others or anything further; exclusively

only /ˈoʊn.li/ /ˈəʊn.i/ /ˈəʊn.li/ conjunction
tyle że
except

only child n
jedynak jedynaczka
person who has no siblings

only if conjunction
tylko jeżeli
not unless

onocentaur /ɒnəˈsɛntɔː/ n
onocentaury
a centaur with the body of an ass

onomasticon /ˌɑː.noʊˈmæs.tɪkən/ /ˌɑː.nəˈmæs.tɪkən/ /ˌɒ.nəʊˈmæs.tɪ.kən/ n
onomastykon
lexicon of personal names

onomastics /ˌɑː.noʊˈmæs.tɪks/ /ˌɑː.nəˈmæs.tɪks/ /ˌɒ.nəʊˈmæs.tɪks/ n
onomastyka nazewnictwo
branch of lexicology devoted to the study of names

onomatodoxy /ˌɒnəˈmætəˌdɒksi/ n
imiesławie
doctrine on the name of God

onomatopoeia /ˌɑnəˌmætəˈpiːə/ /ˌɑnəˌmɑnəˈpiːə/ /ˌɑnəˌmɑtəˈpiːə/ /ˌɒnəˌmætəˈpiːə/ /ˌɒnəˌmɛtəˈpæɪə/ n
onomatopeja dźwiękonaśladownictwo
property of a word that sounds like what it represents
onomatopeja wyraz dźwiękonaśladowczy
word that sounds like what it represents

onotherapy n
onoterapia

onslaught /ˈɒnslɔːt/ n
atak
fierce attack

onto /ˈɑn.tu/ /ˈɑn.tə/ /ˈɑn.tʊ/ /ˈɒn.tuː/ /ˈɒn.tə/ /ˈɒn.tʊ/ /ˈɔn.tu/ /ˈɔn.tə/ /ˈɔn.tʊ/ preposition
na
upon; on top of

onto- prefix
onto-

ontological adj
ontologiczny
of, or relating to, ontology

ontologically adv
ontologicznie
ontological manner

ontologist n
ontolog
scholar or theorist of ontology

ontology /ɒnˈtɒləd͡ʒi/ n
ontologia
study of being
system model in computer science

onus /ˈoʊnəs/ /ˈəʊnəs/ n
ciężar dowodu
burden of proof
obowiązek prawny
legal obligation

onward /ˈɑnwɚd/ /ˈɒnwəd/ /ˈɔnwɚd/ adv
do przodu w przód
In a forward direction

onycholysis n
onycholiza

onyx /ˈɒnɪks/ n
onyks
a banded variety of chalcedony

oogamy /oʊˈɒɡəmi/ n
oogamia
a form of anisogamy in which the female gamete is significantly larger than the male gamete and is non-motile

oogonium n
lęgnia
oogonium

ooh /uː/ interjection
u
expressing surprise

oolite /ˈəʊəlʌɪt/ n
ikrowiec oolit
geology: rock of spherical grains

oology /oʊˈ(w)ɑləd͡ʒi/ /əʊˈɒləd͡ʒi/ n
oologia owlogia
study of birds' eggs

oomph /umf/ /ʊmf/ n
burknięcie chrząknięcie
a bassy grunting or thudding sound
energia ikra siła
strength, power, passion or effectiveness; clout
seksapil
sex appeal

oomycete n
lęgniowiec
protist of the class Oomycetes

oophorectomy /ˌəʊəfəˈɹɛktəmi/ n
owariektomia
surgical removal of ovaries

oophorous adj
jajonośny

oops /uːps/ /ʊps/ interjection
oj ups
acknowledging a minor mistake
used sarcastically to acknowledge a major mistake

ootheca /əʊəˈθiːkə/ n
ooteka
egg case of orthopteroid insects

ooze /uːz/ n
brzeczka garbująca
tanning liquor, tanning ooze

ooze /uːz/ v
wyciekać sączyć się
to secrete or slowly leak

opah /ˈoʊpə/ /ˈəʊpə/ n
strojnik
fish of the Lampridae family

opal /ˈoʊpəl/ /ˈəʊpəl/ n
opal
a mineral consisting, like quartz, of silica, but inferior to quartz in hardness and specific gravity

opal glass n
szkło opalowe
opaque glass

opaque /oʊˈpeɪk/ /əʊˈpeɪk/ adj
nieprzejrzysty nieprzezroczysty
hindering light to pass through

open /ˈoʊp(ə)n/ /ˈəʊp(ə)n/ adj
otwarty
not closed
prepared to conduct business
receptive
public
math: which is part of a predefined collection of subsets

open /ˈoʊp(ə)n/ /ˈəʊp(ə)n/ v
otwierać
to begin conducting business
otwierać się
to become open
otwierać otworzyć
to make something accessible
to make accessible to customers
otwierać podejmować
to bring up (a topic)
rozpocząć
to start (a campaign)

open bar n
darmowy bar
bar at which drinks are served without charge

open book n
naiwniaczka naiwniak
person naively honest or open
oczywistość
thing easily interpreted

open day n
dzień otwarty
casual event where an institution is open for inspection by anyone interested

open fracture n
złamanie otwarte

open house n
dzień otwarty
event where a facility or institution is open to the public for inspection or tour

open its doors v
zostawać otwarty zostać otwarty
(of a business) to begin operating

open letter n
list otwarty
published letter

open one's legs v
rozkładać nogi rozłożyć nogi

open sandwich n
kanapka tartinka
slice of bread with toppings

open secret n
tajemnica poliszynela
widely known fact not mentioned

open sesame phraseologicalUnit
Sezamie, otwórz się
open up

open set n
zbiór otwarty
the set of all interior points

open the ball v
rozpoczynać rozpocząć
begin operations

open world /ˌoʊp(ə)n ˈwɜɹld/ /ˌəʊp(ə)n ˈwɜːld/ n
otwarty świat piaskownica
gameworld that the player may traverse freely

open-air museum n
skansen
outdoor museum

open-endedly adv
bezterminowo

open-endedness n
bezterminowość

open-heart surgery n
operacja na otwartym sercu

open-mid adj
półotwarty
open-mid

open-plan adj
bez ścian
having large rooms

open-source adj
otwarty

openbill /ˈəʊpn̩.bɪl/ n
kleszczak
bird of the genus Anastomus

opener /ˈoʊ.pən.ɚ/ /ˈəʉ.pən.ə/ /ˈəʉp.nə/ /ˈəʊ.pən.ə/ n
otwieracz
device that opens something

opening /ˈoʊ.pə.nɪŋ/ /ˈəʉp.nɪŋ/ /ˈəʊ.pə.nɪŋ/ n
otwarcie
act or instance of beginning
act or instance of making or becoming open
first few moves in a game

opening credits n
czołówka
credits shown at the beginning of a film, TV program, etc.

openly /ˈoʊpənli/ adv
jawnie otwarcie
in an open manner, visibly, not covertly

openwork /ˈoʊpənwɝk/ /ˈəʊpənwɜː(ɹ)k/ n
ażur
metalwork or needlework having decorative openings

opera /ˈɑ.pəɹ.ə/ /ˈɑ.pɹə/ /ˈɒp.əɹ.ə/ /ˈɒp.ɹə/ n
opera
theatrical work
score
company

opera glasses n
lornetka teatralna
small binoculars

opera hat n
szapoklak
kind of collapsible top hat

opera house n
opera gmach opery

operated /ˈɑpəɹeɪtɪd/ /ˈɒpəɹeɪtɪd/ adj
obsługiwany operowany
operated by the means specified

operatics n
afektacja egzaltacja

operating cost n
koszt operacyjny

operating income n
przychód operacyjny

operating room n
sala operacyjna blok operacyjny
room in a hospital used for performing surgical operations

operating system /ˈɑpəˌɹeɪtɪŋ ˌsɪstəm/ /ˈɒpəˌɹeɪtɪŋ ˌsɪstəm/ n
system operacyjny
software which controls computer

operating theatre n
sala operacyjna
room in a hospital used for performing surgery

operation /ˌɑ.pəˈɹeɪ.ʃən/ /ˌɒp.əˈɹeɪ.ʃən/ n
działanie funkcjonowanie
method by which a device performs its function
operacja
surgical procedure
procedure for generating a value from one or more other values
a planned undertaking
operacja działania
military campaign

operational adj
aktywny
functioning and ready for use

operator /ˈɑpəˌɹeɪtɚ/ /ˈɒpəˌɹeɪtə/ n
operator
one who operates
mathematical operator
telecommunications operator

operetta /ɒpəˈɹɛtə/ n
operetka
lighter version of opera

ophthalmological adj
oftalmologiczny okulistyczny
pertaining to ophthalmology

ophthalmologist /ˌɑp.θə(l)ˈmɑ.lə.d͡ʒɪst/ /ˌɒf.θælˈmɒ.lə.d͡ʒɪst/ /ˌɔf.θælˈmɑ.lə.d͡ʒɪst/ /ˌɔf.θə(l)ˈmɑ.lə.d͡ʒɪst/ n
okulista okulistka
eye specialist

ophthalmology /ˌɒfθælˈmɒləd͡ʒi/ /ˌɒfθə(l)ˈmɒləd͡ʒi/ /ˌɒpθælˈmɒləd͡ʒi/ /ˌɒpθə(l)ˈmɒləd͡ʒi/ n
okulistyka oftalmologia
eye medicine

ophthalmoscope n
oftalmoskop
instrument for examining the interior of the eye

opine /oʊˈpaɪn/ /ə(ʊ)ˈpaɪn/ v
opiniować wydawać opinię
to have or express an opinion

opinion /əˈpɪnjən/ n
opinia pogląd zdanie
thought a person has formed about a topic

opinion piece n
felieton
opinion article

opinion poll n
sondaż
poll

opium /ˈoʊ.pi.əm/ /ˈəʊ.pi.əm/ n
opium
drug from opium poppy
opium opium dla mas
anything that numbs or stupefies

opossum /əˈpɑsəm/ /əˈpɒsəm/ /ˈpɑsəm/ n
opos dydelf
marsupial of the Didelphidae

opponent /əˈpəʊnənt/ n
przeciwnik adwersarka adwersarz oponent oponentka przeciwniczka
one who opposes another
przeciwnik oponent oponentka przeciwniczka
przeciwnik przeciwniczka
one who opposes another physically

opportunist /ˌɒpə(ɹ)ˈtjuːnɪst/ n
oportunista oportunistka
someone who takes advantage of any opportunity

opportunity /-t̬i/ /-ˈt͡ʃuː-/ /ˌɑpɚˈt(j)unəti/ /ˌɒpəˈtjuːnɪtɪ/ [-ɾi] n
okazja możliwość szansa gratka pretekst sposobność
favorable circumstance or occasion
okazja szansa możliwość gratka pretekst sposobność
chance for advancement, progress or profit

opportunity cost n
koszt alternatywny
cost of something in terms of an opportunity forgone

opportunity makes a thief proverb
okazja czyni złodzieja
proverb

opposable adj
przeciwstawny
capable of being placed opposite

oppose /əˈpoʊz/ /əˈpəʊz/ [ʔəpʰoʊːz̥] v
oponować przeciwstawiać przeciwstawić zaoponować
to attempt to stop the progression of; to resist or antagonize by physical means, or by arguments, etc.
oponować sprzeciwiać sprzeciwić zaoponować
to object to

opposed /əˈpoʊzd/ /əˈpəʊzd/ adj
przeciwny
acting in opposition; opposing

opposite /ˈɑp(ə)sɪt/ /ˈɑpəzɪt/ /ˈɒpəsɪt/ /ˈɒpəzɪt/ adj
przeciwległy
located directly across from
przeciwny
facing the other way
of complementary or mutually exclusive things

opposite /ˈɑp(ə)sɪt/ /ˈɑpəzɪt/ /ˈɒpəsɪt/ /ˈɒpəzɪt/ adv
naprzeciwko
in an opposite position

opposite /ˈɑp(ə)sɪt/ /ˈɑpəzɪt/ /ˈɒpəsɪt/ /ˈɒpəzɪt/ n
przeciwieństwo
antonym
przeciwieństwo sprzeczność
contrary thing
przeciwniczka przeciwnik
opponent

opposite /ˈɑp(ə)sɪt/ /ˈɑpəzɪt/ /ˈɒpəsɪt/ /ˈɒpəzɪt/ preposition
naprzeciw naprzeciwko vis-à-vis
across from

opposite sex n
płeć przeciwna
the other gender to which one is referring

opposites attract proverb
przeciwieństwa się przyciągają
proverb

opposition /ˌɑ.pəˈzɪʃ.ən/ /ˌɒp.əˈzɪʃ.ən/ n
opozycja
politics: party or movement opposed to government
astronomy
chess
action of opposing; being in conflict
logic

oppositionist n
opozycjonista opozycjonistka
a person who opposes; especially a member of an official opposition

oppressed /əˈpɹɛst/ adj
uciskany
Subject to oppression

oppression /əˈpɹɛʃən/ n
opresja ucisk
act of oppressing, or the state of being oppressed

oppressor n
gnębiciel ciemięzca
someone who oppresses others

oprichnina n
opricznina oprycznina
period of Russian history

optative /ɒpˈteɪtɪv/ /ˈɒptətɪv/ adj
życzeniowy
expressing a wish
życzący
pertaining to the optative mood

optative /ɒpˈteɪtɪv/ /ˈɒptətɪv/ n
tryb życzący
optative

optical fibre n
światłowód
fibre used for transmitting light

optical illusion n
złudzenie optyczne
image that is visually deceptive or misleading

optician n
optyk
a person who makes or sells lenses, spectacles

optics /ˈɑptɪks/ /ˈɒptɪks/ n
optyka
physics of light and vision

optimal /ˈɑptɪməl/ /ˈɒptɪməl/ adj
optymalny
the best

optimism /ˈɑptɪmɪzəm/ /ˈɒptɪmɪzəm/ n
optymizm
a tendency to expect the best

optimist /ˈɑptɪmɪst/ /ˈɒptɪmɪst/ n
optymista optymistka
a person who expects a favourable outcome

optimistic /ˌɑptɪˈmɪstɪk/ /ˌɒptɪˈmɪstɪk/ adj
optymistyczny
expecting a good outcome

optimistically adv
optymistycznie
in an optimistic manner

optimization n
optymalizacja
the design and operation of a system or process to make it as good as possible in some defined sense

optimize /ˈɑptɪmaɪz/ /ˈɒptɪmaɪz/ v
optymalizować
to make (something) optimal
optymizować
to make (something) more efficient

optimum /ˈɑptɪməm/ /ˈɒptɪməm/ adj
najkorzystniejszy optymalny
best or most advantageous

optimum /ˈɑptɪməm/ /ˈɒptɪməm/ n
optimum
the best or most favorable condition

option /ˈɑpʃən/ /ˈɒpʃən/ n
opcja
financial product
opcja wybór alternatywa
one of the choices that can be made

optional /ˈɑp.ʃə.nəl/ /ˈɒp.ʃə.nəl/ adj
fakultatywny opcjonalny
not compulsory

optometrist /ɑpˈtɑmətɹɪst/ /ɒpˈtɒmətɹɪst/ n
optometrysta optometrystka
person trained in examining and testing the eyes for defects

opulence /ˈɒp.jʊl.əns/ n
obfitość
wealth

opulent /ˈɒpjʊlənt/ adj
arcybogaty przebogaty
rich

opulently adv
arcybogato przebogato

opus /ˈɒpəs/ /ˈəʊpəs/ n
opus
a work of music or set of works with a specified rank

or /oɹ/ /ɔː(ɹ)/ adj
złoty
of yellow or gold tincture on a coat of arms

or /ɑɹ/ /ɔɹ/ /ɔː(ɹ)/ /ə/ /əɹ/ /ɚ/ conjunction
albo czy lub bądź
conjunction

or else phraseologicalUnit
bo inaczej
no matter what
bo bo inaczej inaczej
as an alternative

or so phraseologicalUnit
mniej więcej z hakiem z okładem
roughly, appoximately

or something phraseologicalUnit
czy coś takiego
or something like that

or what phraseologicalUnit
albo co czy co czy jak

or words to that effect phraseologicalUnit
coś w tym stylu
used to indicate a paraphrase

oracle /ˈɒɹəkəl/ /ˈɔɹəkəl/ n
wyrocznia
priest through whom deity provides prophecy or advice

oral /ˈo(ː)ɹəl/ /ˈoɹəl/ /ˈoː.ɹəl/ /ˈɑɹ.əl/ /ˈɔɹ.əl/ /ˈɔː.ɹəl/ adj
ustny
spoken
relating to the mouth

oral candidiasis n
pleśniawka

oral cavity n
jama ustna
cavity of the mouth

oral sex n
oral seks oralny
stimulation of the genitals using the mouth

oral test n
egzamin ustny odpytka odpytywanie
oral test at a regular class in primary or secondary school

orange /ˈɑɹ.ɪ̈nd͡ʒ/ /ˈɒɹ.ənd͡ʒ/ /ˈɒɹ.ɨnd͡ʒ/ /ˈɒɹ.ɨnʒ/ /ˈɒɹ.ɪ̈nd͡ʒ/ /ˈɔɹ.ənd͡ʒ/ /ˈɔɹ.ɪ̈nd͡ʒ/ /ˈɔɹnd͡ʒ/ adj
pomarańczowy pomarańcza
having the colour of the fruit of an orange tree

orange /ˈɑɹ.ɪ̈nd͡ʒ/ /ˈɒɹ.ənd͡ʒ/ /ˈɒɹ.ɨnd͡ʒ/ /ˈɒɹ.ɨnʒ/ /ˈɒɹ.ɪ̈nd͡ʒ/ /ˈɔɹ.ənd͡ʒ/ /ˈɔɹ.ɪ̈nd͡ʒ/ /ˈɔɹnd͡ʒ/ n
pomarańcza
fruit
pomarańcza drzewo pomarańczowe
tree
pomarańczowy pomarańcz pomarańcza
colour

orange blossom n
kwiat pomarańczy
white flower of the orange tree

orange juice n
sok pomarańczowy
juice of squeezed oranges

orange peel n
skórka pomarańczowa
the skin of an orange
uneven surface

orange tree n
pomarańcza drzewo pomarańczowe

orange-spotted bulbul n
bilbil złotobrewy
Pycnonotus goiavier

orangeade /ˈɒ.ɹɪn.ˌdʒeɪd/ n
oranżada
orange-flavored soft drink
soda water and orange juice

orangery /ˈɒrɪndʒərɪ/ n
oranżeria
garden or plantation where orange trees are grown
oranżeria pomarańczarnia
greenhouse in which orange trees are grown

orangutan /oʊˈɹæŋ-/ /ɔəˌɹæŋuːˈtæn/ /ɔˈɹæŋ.ʊˌtæn/ /ɔːˌɹæŋ.uːˈtæn/ /əˈɹæŋ.əˌtæn/ /əˈɹæŋ.əˌtæŋ/ /ˌɔə.ɹæŋˈuː.tæn/ /ˌɔː.ɹæŋˈuː.tæn/ n
orangutan
arboreal anthropoid ape

orans n
adorant
image

oration /ɔɹˈeɪʃən/ n
oracja
formal speech
short, solemn prayer

orator /ˈɑɹ.ə.tɚ/ /ˈɒ.ɹə.tə(ɹ)/ n
mówczyni oratorka mówca orator
someone who orates or delivers an oration

oratorio n
oratorium
a musical composition on a religious theme

orbit /ˈɔɹ.bɪt/ /ˈɔː.bɪt/ n
orbita
path of one object around another

orbit /ˈɔɹ.bɪt/ /ˈɔː.bɪt/ v
krążyć orbitować
circle another object

orbital /ɔɹ.bət.l̩/ /ɔː.bɪt.l̩/ /ɔː.bɪt.əl/ adj
oczodołowy orbitalny
of or relating to the eye socket
orbitalny
of or relating to an orbit

orbital /ɔɹ.bət.l̩/ /ɔː.bɪt.l̩/ /ɔː.bɪt.əl/ n
orbital
energy and probability density

orc /ɔɹk/ /ɔːk/ n
ork
evil monstrous humanoid creature

orca /ˈoɹkə/ /ˈɔːkə/ n
orka miecznik

orchard /ˈɔɹ.t͡ʃɚd/ /ˈɔː.tʃəd/ n
sad
land for cultivation of fruit or nut trees

orchardist n
sadownik
one who operates an orchard

orchestra /ˈɔɹkəstɹə/ /ˈɔːkəstɹə/ n
orchestra orkiestra
semicircular space in front of the stage used by the chorus in Ancient theatres
orkiestra
large group of musicians who play together on various instruments
the area in a theatre or concert hall where the musicians sit

orchestra pit n
kanał dla orkiestry orkiestron
sunken area in front of a stage

orchestral /ˌɔɹˈkɛstɹəl/ adj
orkiestrowy orkiestralny
relating to an orchestra

orchestrate /ˈɔɹ.kəstˌɹeɪt/ /ˈɔː(ɹ).kə.stɹeɪt/ v
organizować zorganizować
to arrange or direct diverse elements to achieve a desired effect

orchestrion n
orkiestrion

orchid /ˈɔɹ.kɪd/ /ˈɔː.kɪd/ n
orchidea storczyk
plant

orchitis n
zapalenie jąder
painful inflammation of one or both testes

orda n
horda
(historical) a political and military organizational structure used by Turkic and Mongol peoples

order /ˈɔɹdɚ/ /ˈɔːdə(r)/ /ˈɔːdə/ [ˈɔɹɾɚ] n
liczba atomowa
chemistry: a number of a chemical reaction
order
awarded decoration
porządek rząd
arrangement, disposition
highest exponent in a polynomial
porządek ład
good arrangement
rozkaz
command
rząd porządek
biology: taxonomical classification
zakon rząd
religious group
society of knights
zamówienie
request for some product or service

order /ˈɔɹdɚ/ /ˈɔːdə(r)/ /ˈɔːdə/ [ˈɔɹɾɚ] v
kazać rozkazać rozkazywać
to issue a command
porządkować organizować uporządkować ustawiać ustawić zorganizować
to set in (any) order
zamawiać zamówić
to request some product or service

order of battle n
porządek bitewny

order of magnitude n
rząd wielkości
class of scale

order of service n
porządek nabożeństw
document detailing the schedule
schedule for a religious service

order of the day n
porządek dzienny
business to be done by a body on a particular day

ordered pair n
para uporządkowana
in set theory

orderly /ˈɔɹdɚli/ /ˈɔːdəli/ adj
uporządkowany
methodical; systematic

orderly /ˈɔɹdɚli/ /ˈɔːdəli/ n
ordynans
soldier who carries out minor tasks for a superior officer

orders are orders phraseologicalUnit
rozkaz to rozkaz

ordinal number n
liczba porządkowa
arithmetic: number used to denote position in a sequence
generalized kind of number to denote the length of a well-order on a set
liczebnik porządkowy liczba porządkowa
grammar: word used to denote relative position in a sequence

ordinal numeral /ˈɔː(ɹ).dɪ.nəl ˈnjuːməɹəl/ /ˈɔːɹd.nəl ˈnumɜɹəl/ n
liczebnik porządkowy
grammar: word used to represent a cardinal number

ordinance /ˈoɹdnəns/ /ˈoɹdɪnəns/ /ˈɔːdnəns/ /ˈɔːdɪnəns/ n
ordynacja
a religious practice or ritual prescribed by the church
edict, decree, order
ordynacja rozporządzenie zarządzenie
a local law or regulation

ordinariness n
mundaneness
quality of being ordinary

ordinary /ˈɔɹdɪnɛ(ə)ɹi/ /ˈɔɹdɪnɛɹi/ /ˈɔːdənɹi/ /ˈɔːdɪnəɹi/ adj
zwykły
normal, routine

ordinary differential equation n
równanie różniczkowe zwyczajne
equation

ordination n
święcenia
ceremony

ordnance /ˈoɹdnəns/ /ˈoɹdɪnəns/ /ˈɔːdnəns/ /ˈɔːdɪnəns/ n
uzbrojenie
arms and ammunition
military equipment

ordoliberalism /-bəɹəl/ /-bɹəl/ /-də-/ /ˌɔɹdoʊˈlɪbəɹəlɪzəm/ /ˌɔːdəʊˈlɪbɹəlɪz(ə)m/ n
ordoliberalizm
political philosophy

ore /o(ː)ɹ/ /oə/ /ɔɹ/ /ɔː/ n
ruda
rock that contains materials that can be economically extracted and processed

oregano /ɒɹɪˈɡɑːnəʊ/ /əˈɹɛɡənoʊ/ /əˈɹɛɡənəʊ/ n
oregano
leaves used to flavour food
oregano lebiodka
plant

oreless adj
bezrudny

organ /ˈɔɹ.ɡən/ /ˈɔː.ɡən/ n
narząd organ
part of an organism
organ narząd
official magazine, newsletter, or similar publication
body of an organization
organy
musical instrument

organ console n
konsola organów

organ donation n
dawstwo organów
donating one's organ

organ donor n
dawca narządów
person from whom an organ is removed

organ loft n
platforma do organów
gallery or raised platform from which an organ is played

organ stop n
register
knob

organelle /ˌɔɹ.ɡənˈɛl/ n
organellum organella organoid
a membrane bound compartment found within cells

organic /ɔɹˈɡænɪk/ /ɔːˈɡænɪk/ adj
naturalny
of food and food products: grown without agrichemicals
organiczny
chemistry: relating to the compounds of carbon
pertaining to, or derived from living organisms

organic chemistry n
chemia organiczna
chemistry of carbon containing compounds

organism /ˈɔɹ.ɡəˌnɪz.əm/ /ˈɔː.ɡəˌnɪz.əm/ n
organizm
living thing
any complex thing with properties normally associated with living things

organist n
organistka organista
musician who plays the organ

organization /ˌɔɹɡnɪˈzeɪʃən/ /ˌɔɹɡənaɪˈzeɪʃən/ /ˌɔɹɡənɪˈzeɪʃən/ /ˌɔɹˈɡænɪzeɪʃən/ /ˌɔːɡənaɪˈzeɪʃən/ n
organizacja
group of people or other legal entities with an explicit purpose and written rules
quality of being organized
group of people consciously cooperating

organizational adj
organizacyjny
of an organization

organizational climate n
klimat organizacyjny

organize /ˈɔɹɡənaɪz/ /ˈɔːɡənaɪz/ v
organizować zorganizować
to arrange in working order

organized /ˈɔɹɡənaɪzd/ /ˈɔːɡənaɪzd/ adj
kumaty ogarnięty przytomny rozgarnięty zorganizowany
characterised by efficient organization

organized crime n
przestępczość zorganizowana
crimes carried out by these organizations
criminal organizations seen as a whole

organizer /ˈɔɹɡənaɪzɚ/ n
organizator organizatorka
person arranging public events

orgasm /ˈoɹ.ɡæ.zəm/ /ˈɔːɡaz(ə)m/ n
orgazm
the peak of sexual pleasure

orgeat n
orszada

orgiast /ˈɔː(ɹ)d͡ʒiˌæst/ n
uczestniczka orgii uczestnik orgii
one who attends an orgy

orgiastic /ˌɔː(ɹ)d͡ʒiˈæstɪk/ adj
orgiastyczny
relating to an orgy

orgy /ˈɔɹd͡ʒi/ /ˈɔː.d͡ʒi/ n
orgia
excessive activity
sexual group activity

oriel /ˈɔːɹiəl/ n
wykusz
recess in a building, protruding on the outer wall

orient /ˈɒɹ.ɪˌɛnt/ /ˈɔɹ.iˌɛnt/ /ˈɔː.ɹɪˌɛnt/ v
orientować się
to familiarize (oneself or someone) with a situation or circumstance
ukierunkować
to direct towards or point at a particular direction

oriental dance n
taniec orientalny
form of dance

oriental pratincole n
zwirowiec orientalny
Glareola maldivarum

orientalism n
orientalizm
the tendency to represent eastern subjects

orientation /ˌɔɹiɛnˈteɪʃən/ n
orientacja
ability to orient

oriflamme /ˈɒɹɪflæm/ n
oriflamme

origami /ˌɒɹɪˈɡɑːmɪ/ /ˌɔɹəˈɡɑmi/ [ˌɔɹɪ̈ˈɡɑmi] n
origami
the Japanese art of paper folding

origamist /ɔɹɪˈɡɑmɪst/ n
origamist origamistka
person who does origami

origin /ˈɑɹ.ɪ.d͡ʒɪn/ /ˈɒɹ.ə.d͡ʒən/ /ˈɒɹ.ɪ.d͡ʒɪn/ /ˈɔɹ.d͡ʒɪn/ /ˈɔɹ.ɪ.d͡ʒɪn/ n
pochodzenie
ancestry
pochodzenie początek
beginning of something

original /ɒˈɹɪd͡ʒɪnəl/ /əˈɹɪd͡ʒnəl/ /əˈɹɪd͡ʒənəl/ /əˈɹɪd͡ʒɪnəl/ n
oryginał autentyk pierwowzór prawzór wzorzec
object from which all later copies and variations are derived

original sin n
grzech pierworodny
state of sinfulness in each human

originality /əˌɹɪd͡ʒɪˈnælɪti/ n
oryginalność
the quality of being original or novel

originally /əˈɹɪd͡ʒnəli/ /əˈɹɪd͡ʒənəli/ /əˈɹɪd͡ʒɪnəli/ adv
oryginalnie
creatively
pierwotnie
as it was in the beginning

originator /əˈɹɪd͡ʒɪneɪtə/ /əˈɹɪd͡ʒɪneɪtɚ/ n
autor autorka
someone who originates

oriole /ˈɔɹ.iˌoʊl/ /ˈɔː.ɹiːˌəʊl/ n
wilga
any of the various colourful passerine birds

ornament /ˈɔɹnəmənt/ /ˈɔɹnəˌmɛnt/ /ˈɔː(ɹ)nəmənt/ /ˈɔː(ɹ)nəˌmɛnt/ n
ornament
element of decoration
musical flourish
ozdoba
Christmas tree decoration

ornament /ˈɔɹnəmənt/ /ˈɔɹnəˌmɛnt/ /ˈɔː(ɹ)nəmənt/ /ˈɔː(ɹ)nəˌmɛnt/ v
dekorować ozdabiać
to decorate

ornamental /ˌɔɹnəˈmɛntl/ /ˌɔːnəˈmɛntl/ adj
ozdobny
serving to ornament

ornithine n
ornityna
amino acid

ornitho- prefix
ornito-
of or pertaining to birds

ornithological adj
ornitologiczny
of or pertaining to ornithology

ornithologist n
ornitolog
expert in ornithology

ornithology n
ornitologia
scientific study of birds

oro- /ɒ.ɹə(ʊ)/ /ɔɹ.oʊ/ /ɔɹ.ə/ prefix
oro-

orogenic /ɒɹə(ʊ)ˈdʒɛnɪk/ adj
górotwórczy orogeniczny

oromaxillary adj
[[usta|usto-]]szczękowy

orphan /ˈɔɹfən/ /ˈɔːfən/ /ˈɔːɹfənt/ n
sierota sierotka
person whose (parent or) parents have died

orphanage /ˈɔː(ɹ)fənɪd͡ʒ/ n
dom dziecka sierociniec bidul
a residential institution for the care and protection of orphans

orphanhood n
sieroctwo
orphanhood

orpiment /ˈɔɹpəmənt/ /ˈɔːpɪmənt/ n
aurypigment
arsenic trisulphide

orrery /ˈɑɹ.ə.ɹi/ /ˈɒɹ.ə.ɹi/ /ˈɔɹ.ə.ɹi/ n
tellurium
clockwork model

orthochronous adj
ortoczasowy

orthoclase n
ortoklaz
potassium aluminum silicate

orthodontic adj
ortodontyczny
of or relating to orthodontics

orthodontist /ˌɔː(ɹ)θəˈdɒntɪst/ n
ortodonta
orthodontic dentist

orthodox /ˈɔɹθədɑks/ /ˈɔːθədɒks/ adj
ortodoksyjny prawowierny
conforming to accepted, established, or traditional doctrines of a given faith, religion, or ideology

orthodoxy /ˈɔɹθədɑksi/ /ˈɔːɹθədɑːksi/ /ˈɔːθədɒksi/ n
ortodoksja
correctness in doctrine and belief

orthoepic /ˌɔrθoʊˈɛpɪk/ /ˌɔːθəʊˈɛpɪk/ adj
ortoepiczny
of or relating to orthoepy

orthoepy /ɔɹˈθoʊ.ə.pi/ /ɔː.ˈθəʊ.ɨ.pi/ /ˈɔɹ.θoʊˌɛ.pi/ /ˈɔː.θəʊ.ɨ.pi/ /ˈɔː.θəʊˌiː.pi/ /ˈɔː.θəʊˌɛ.pi/ n
ortoepia
study of pronunciation

orthogonal matrix n
macierz ortagonalna

orthogonality n
ortogonalność
the property of being orthogonal

orthographic /ˌɔːɹθəˈɡɹæfɪk/ /ˌɔːθəˈɡɹæfɪk/ adj
ortograficzny
relating to orthography

orthographically adv
ortograficznie
in an orthographical manner

orthography /ɔɹˈθɑɡɹəfi/ /ɔːˈθɒɡɹəfi/ n
ortografia
aspect of language study concerned with letters and their sequences in words
method of representing a language or the sounds of language by written symbols
ortografia pisownia
correct spelling according to established usage

orthopedic adj
ortopedyczny
Of or relating to orthopedics

orthopedics /ˌɔɹθəˈpidɪks/ /ˌɔːθəˈpiːdɪks/ n
ortopedia
medicine: a branch of medicine

orthopedist n
ortopeda
orthopedic surgeon

orthophoto n
ortofotografia
geometrically corrected aerial photograph

orthorexia n
ortoreksja
obsession with healthy food

orthorhombic /ɔː(ɹ)θəˈɹɒmbɪk/ adj
ortorombowy
having three unequal axes at right angles

orthostichy n
ortostycha prostnica

ortolan /ˈɔɹ.tə.læn/ /ˈɔɹ.tə.lən/ /ˈɔː.təl.æn/ /ˈɔː.təl.ən/ n
ortolan
a small bird eaten as a delicacy

ortolan bunting n
ortolan trznadel ortolan
Emberiza hortulana

oryx /ˈoʊɹ.ɪks/ /ˈɔɹ.ɪks/ n
oryks
antelope

oscillate /ˈɑsɪleɪt/ v
oscylować
to swing back and forth, especially if with a regular rhythm

oscilloscope /əˈsɪl.ɪ.skəʊp/ /ˈɒˌsɪl.ɪ.skəʊp/ n
oscyloskop
electronic measuring instrument

osculum n
oskulum
main opening in a sponge

osmium /ˈɑz.mi.əm/ /ˈɒz.mi.əm/ n
osm
chemical element

osmoregulation n
osmoregulacja
homeostatic regulation of osmotic pressure

osmoregulative adj
osmoregulacyjny
Relating to osmoregulation

osmosis /ɑsˈmoʊsɪs/ /ɑzˈmoʊsɪs/ /ɒsˈməʊsɪs/ /ɒzˈməʊsɪs/ n
osmoza
movement of molecules
picking up knowledge accidentally

osmotic /ɑsˈmɑtɪk/ /ɑzˈmɑtɪk/ /ɒsˈmɒtɪk/ /ɒzˈmɒtɪk/ adj
osmotyczny
of or relating to osmosis

osprey /ˈɑspɹi/ /ˈɒspɹeɪ/ n
rybołów rybołów zwyczajny
bird of prey

osseous /ˈɒsi.əs/ adj
kostny
relating to bone

osseous tissue n
tkanka kostna
structural and supportive connective tissue

ossicle /ˈɒsɪkəl/ n
kosteczka kostka
small bone in the ear; auditory ossicle

ossification n
kostnienie osyfikacja
process by which bone is formed

ossuary /ˈɒsjʊəɹi/ n
ossuarium ossarium
a place where the dead are buried

ostensibly /ɑːˈstɛn.sə.bli/ /ɒˈstɛn.sə.bli/ /ɒˈstɛn.sɪ.bli/ adv
pozornie
ostensibly

ostentation /ˌɒstənˈteɪʃən/ n
ostentacja
display of excessive show in an attempt to impress others

ostentatious /ˌɒs.tənˈteɪ.ʃəs/ /ˌɒs.tɛnˈteɪ.ʃəs/ adj
ostentacyjny
of ostentation
intended to attract notice

osteoarthritis n
choroba zwyrodnieniowa stawów
form of arthritis caused by chronic degeneration of the cartilage and synovial membrane of the joints

osteogenesis n
osteogeneza
the formation and development of bone

osteogenesis imperfecta n
wrodzona łamliwość kości
disease characterized by bones that easily fracture

osteology n
osteologia
study of bones

osteomalacia n
osteomalacja
medicine: a softening of adult bones due to inadequate mineralization

osteopath n
osteopata
medicine: a healthcare practitioner who practices osteopathy by manipulating the skeleton and muscles

osteoporosis /ˌɒstiəʊpəˈɹəʊsɪs/ n
osteoporoza
bone disease

osteotomy n
osteotomia
surgery: the surgical procedure of cutting a bone

ostmark n
marka
currency

ostracism /ˈɒstɹəsɪz(ə)m/ n
ostracyzm
in ancient Greece, the temporary banishment by popular vote
banishment, exclusion from community

ostracod n
małżoraczek
member of Ostracoda

ostrich /ˈɑs.tɹɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈɑs.tɹɪt͡ʃ/ /ˈɒs.tɹɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈɒs.tɹɪt͡ʃ/ /ˈɔs.tɹɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈɔs.tɹɪt͡ʃ/ n
struś
large flightless bird

ostrich policy n
strusia polityka
the tendency to ignore obvious problems and pretend they do not exist

ostrich politics n
strusia polityka
evasive style of politics

ostrichism /-dʒɪ-/ /ˈɑstɹit͡ʃˌɪzəm/ /ˈɒstɹɪtʃɪz(ə)m/ n
strusia polityka
policy of ignoring the reality of a situation

otaku /oʊˈtɑku/ /əʊˈtɑːkuː/ [o̞ʊ̯ˈtʰɑkʰu] [əʊ̯ˈtʰɑːkʰuː] n
otaku
one with an obsessive interest in something such as anime or manga

other /ʊðə/ /ˈɐðə/ /ˈʌðə/ /ˈʌðɚ/ [ˈäðə] [ˈɐðə] adj
inny
not the one previously referred to

other half n
druga połówka
spouse

other than preposition
oprócz poza
except; besides

others /ˈʌðəz/ /ˈʌðɚz/ n
inne
those remaining after something has been excluded
inne inni
other people

otherwise /ˈʌð.əˌwaɪz/ /ˈʌð.ɚˌwaɪz/ adv
inaczej
differently, in another way
poza tym
in all other respects
w przeciwnym razie inaczej
under different circumstances

otic /ˈoʊ.tɪk/ /ˈɒt.ɪk/ /ˈəʊ.tɪk/ adj
słuchowy uszny
related to the ear

otiose /ˈoʊ.ti.oʊs/ /ˈoʊ.ʃi.oʊs/ /ˈoʊ.ʃi.əs/ /ˈəʊ.ti.əʊs/ /ˈəʊ.ʃi.əʊs/ adj
bezprzedmiotowy niepotrzebny zbyteczny
having no reason or purpose
leniwy
reluctant to work
niepotrzebny
resulting in no effect

otiosely adv
bezprzedmiotowo

otioseness n
bezprzedmiotowość

otolith n
otolit
small particle in the inner ear

otology /oʊˈtɑləd͡ʒi/ n
otologia
the branch of medicine that deals with the ear

otoscopy n
otoskopia

ottava rima /oʊˌtɑvə ˈɹimə/ /ɒˌtɑːvə ˈɹiːmə/ n
oktawa
arrangement of stanzas of eight lines rhyming ab ab ab cc

otter /ˈɑtɚ/ /ˈɒt.ə/ [(ʔ)ɑɾɚ] n
wydra
mammal

ouch /ˈaʊt͡ʃ/ interjection
auć au aua
expression of one's own physical pain

oud /uːd/ n
ud
Arabic plucked string instrument

ought /ɑt/ /ɔt/ /ɔːt/ v
powinien
indicating advisability or prudence
indicating desirability
indicating duty or obligation
indicating likelihood or probability

ounce /aʊns/ n
uncja
3495 g

our /æʊ(ə)/ /ɐː/ /ɑɹ/ /ɑː(ɹ)/ /ˈaʊə(ɹ)/ /ˈaʊɚ/ [ɑɹ] [ɑ˞] determiner
nasz
belonging to us

ouroboros /uːˈrɒbəˌrɒs/ /ˌuːrəˈbɒrəs/ n
uroboros
a serpent, dragon or worm that eats its own tail

ours /ɑɹz/ /ɑːz/ /ˈaʊəz/ /ˈaʊɚz/ pronoun
nasz
that which belongs to us

oust /aʊst/ /ʌʊst/ v
wygnać wygonić
to expel; to remove

out /aʊt/ /æɔt/ /æʊt/ /ɘʉt/ /ʌʊt/ adv
na zewnątrz poza czymś
away from one's usual place or not indoors

out /aʊt/ /æɔt/ /æʊt/ /ɘʉt/ /ʌʊt/ v
autować wyautować
to reveal (a secret)
to reveal as having a certain secret
to reveal to be gay, transgender, etc

out loud adv
na głos
aloud, audibly, not silently

out of breath
bez tchu zdyszany
breathing with difficulty

out of context adv
wyrwany z kontekstu
without context that is needed for understanding

out of control
(wymknąć) spod kontroli
not under control

out of date
nieaktualny
not conforming to current fashion
too old to be used

out of focus
nieostry
not in focus

out of line
niewłaściwy
inappropriate

out of nowhere
znikąd
unexpectedly or unexplicably

out of one's mind /aʊt əv wʌnz maɪnd/
szalony zwariowany
insane

out of one's own pocket
z kieszeni
using one's own funds

out of order
nieczynny niesprawny
not functioning properly

out of place /ˌaʊtə-/ /ˌaʊt‿əv ˈpleɪs/
nie na miejscu
not in the proper arrangement or situation

out of practice
(wyjść) z wprawy
(of a person) diminished in proficiency, especially in exercising a skill, due to disuse or a lack of recent experience

out of print
niedostępny
not available from the publisher

out of service
nieczynny
not available for use

out of sight, out of mind proverb
co z oczu, to z serca czego oczy nie widzą, tego sercu nie żal
something not nearby is forgotten

out of the blue /aʊt ɒv ðə bluː/
jak grom z jasnego nieba ni stąd, ni zowąd
unexpectedly

out of the box /aʊt əv ðə bɑːks/ /aʊt əv ðə bɒks/ /æɔt əv ðə bɒks/ /æʊt əv ðə bɒks/ /ɘʉt əv ðə bɒks/ /ʌʊt əv ðə bɑːks/
prosto spod igły
(idiom) immediately, without intervention from the customer

out of the corner of one's eye
kątem oka
look sideways

out of the frying pan, into the fire
wpadać z deszczu pod rynnę wpaść z deszczu pod rynnę
get from an already bad situation to a worse one

out of the mouths of babes proverb
dzieci są szczere
from the comments of children comes truth

out of the question adj
nie ma mowy
not remotely possible

out of thin air adv
z sufitu
from non-existent resource

out of this world adj
nie z tego świata nieziemski
wonderful

out of tune
fałszywy
not in correct musical pitch

out of use
nieużywany

out of wedlock
pozamałżeński z nieprawego łoża
of parents not legally married

out on a limb phraseologicalUnit
nadstawiać karku

out-of-court adj
pozasądowy
without resorting to formal legal action

outage /ˈaʊt.əd͡ʒ/ /ˈaʊt.ɪd͡ʒ/ n
awaria przestój
suspension of operation

outback n
busz
the most remote and desolate areas of Australia

outbid /aʊtˈbɪd/ v
przelicytować przelicytowywać
to bid more than somebody else

outbox /aʊtˈbɑks/ /aʊtˈbɒks/ /ˈaʊtbɑks/ /ˈaʊtbɒks/ n
skrzynka nadawcza
electronic folder

outbreak /ˈaʊtbɹeɪk/ n
wybuch
(fig.) an outburst or sudden eruption, especially violent
an eruption, sudden appearance

outbuilding /ˈaʊtˌbɪl.dɪŋ/ n
przybudówka
separate building associated with a main building

outcast /aʊtˈkæst/ /aʊtˈkɑːst/ /ˈaʊtkæst/ /ˈaʊtkɑːst/ n
parias trędowaty wyrzutek
someone excluded from a society or system, a pariah, a leper

outcome /ˈaʊtkʌm/ n
rezultat wynik
result

outcrop /ˈaʊt.kɹɑp/ n
wychodnia
part of a rock formation that appears at the surface

outdate v
dezaktualizować zdezaktualizować

outdated /aʊtˈdeɪtɪd/ adj
przestarzały staromodny
out of date, old-fashioned, antiquated

outdatedness n
nieaktualność

outdo /aʊtˈdu/ v
przewyższać prześcigać prześcignąć
to go beyond

outdoors /aʊtˈdɔː(ɹ)z/ adv
na dworze na zewnątrz
in the open air

outdoors /aʊtˈdɔː(ɹ)z/ n
dwór
environment outside of enclosed structures

outer /ˈaʊtə/ /ˈaʊtɚ/ [ˈaʊɾɚ] adj
zewnętrzny
outside

outer ear n
ucho zewnętrzne
portion of ear

outer space /ˌaʊtɚ ˈspeɪs/ [ˌaʊ̯ɾɚ ˈspeɪ̯s] n
kosmos przestrzeń kosmiczna
region

outfit /ˈaʊtfɪt/ n
ekipa zespół
cohesive group of people; a unit
firma kompania
business or firm
ubiór
set of clothing

outgrow /ˌaʊtˈɡɹəʊ/ /ˌɑʊtˈɡɹoʊ/ v
przerastać przerosnąć
to grow faster or taller than someone or something else
wyrastać
to become too big or mature for some object, practice, condition, belief, etc

outgrowth /ˈaʊtˌɡroʊθ/ n
wyrostek
anything that grows out of something else

outhouse n
sławojka latryna wychodek wygódka
outdoor toilet

outing /ˈaʊtɪŋ/ n
outing
public revelation of homosexuality

outlast /ˌaʊtˈlæst/ /ˌaʊtˈlɑːst/ v
przetrwać przeżyć
to live longer than

outlet /ˈaʊtlɛt/ /ˈaʊtlɪt/ n
odpływ
river
outlet wyprzedaż zbyt
shop
ulga
release of desires
wyjście
vent

outlier /ˈaʊtˌlaɪə(ɹ)/ /ˈʌʊtˌlaɪɚ/ n
ostaniec
part of formation separate from the rest

outline /ˈaʊtlaɪn/ n
abrys szkic zarys
preliminary plan of a project
konspekt
statement summarizing the important points of a text
kontur
outer shape of an object or figure
sketch or drawing in which objects are delineated in contours without shading

outline /ˈaʊtlaɪn/ v
obrysować obrysowywać
to draw an outline of something

outnumber /aʊtˈnʌmbə(ɹ)/ v
liczny przewaga liczebna
be more in number

outpatient adj
ambulatoryjny
provided without requiring an overnight stay by the patient

outport n
awanport przedporcie przedport
secondary port

outpost /ˈaʊtˌpoʊst/ n
czata forpoczta
A military post
The troops themselves
oddalona osiedla
An outlying settlement
pole ochronione przez pion
A chess square

output /ˈaʊtpʊt/ n
produkcja urobek
production; quantity produced, created, or completed
wyjście
data sent out of the computer

output /ˈaʊtpʊt/ v
produkować
produce or create
wysyłać
send data to out of a computer

outrageous /aʊtˈɹeɪdʒəs/ adj
oburzający skandaliczny
shocking

outrageously adv
horrendalnie nieprzyzwoicie nieziemsko oburzająco skandalicznie szokująco

outright /aʊtˈɹaɪt/ /ˈaʊtɹaɪt/ adj
bezwarunkowy
having no outstanding conditions

outright /aʊtˈɹaɪt/ /ˈaʊtɹaɪt/ adv
bezwarunkowo
with no outstanding conditions

outrightness n
bezwarunkowość

outset /ˈaʊtsɛt/ n
początek
initial stage of something

outside /aʊtˈsaɪd/ /ˈaʊt.saɪd/ adv
na zewnątrz
in or to the outside
na zewnątrz na dworze na dwór na pole
outdoors

outside /aʊtˈsaɪd/ /ˈaʊt.saɪd/ preposition
poza na zewnątrz
on the outside of

outside the box
nieszablonowo
beyond convention

outsider /ˌaʊtˈsaɪdəɹ/ n
outsider
a long shot
outsider outsiderka
one who is not part of a community or organization

outskirts /ˈaʊtskɜːts/ /ˈaʊtskɝts/ n
peryferie
the edges or areas around a city or town

outsmart /aʊtˈsmɑː(ɹ)t/ v
przechytrzyć
beat in a competition of wits

outsole n
zewnętrzna podeszwa

outsource /ˈaʊtˌsoɹs/ v
zlecać na zewnątrz zlecić na zewnątrz
transfer of business to a third party

outsourcing /ˈaʊtˌsɔː(ɹ).sɪŋ/ n
outsourcing
transfer business

outstanding adj
doskonały znakomity
distinguished from others by its superiority
zaległy
owed as a debt

outstandingly adv
doskonale znakomicie
in an outstanding manner

outstrip /ˌaʊtˈstɹɪp/ v
przewyższać
to exceed, excel or surpass

outwardly /ˈaʊtwədli/ /ˈaʊtwɚdli/ adv
zewnętrznie
externally or on the outside

outwork /aʊtˈwɔːk/ /aʊtˈwɔːɹk/ /ˈaʊtwɔːk/ /ˈaʊtwɔːɹk/ n
przedmurze przymurek
a minor, subsidiary fortification built beyond the main limits of fortification

oval /ˈoʊvəl/ /ˈəʊvəl/ adj
owalny owal
oval-shaped

oval /ˈoʊvəl/ /ˈəʊvəl/ n
owal
shape like an egg or ellipse

ovarian follicle n
pęcherzyk jajnikowy
cellular aggregation

ovary /ˈoʊvəɹi/ /ˈəʊvəɹi/ n
jajnik
female organ

ovation /oʊˈveɪ.ʃən/ /əʉˈvæɪ.ʃn̩/ [oʊˈveɪ.ʃn̩] [ə(ʊ)ˈveɪ.ʃn̩] n
owacja
prolonged enthusiastic applause

oven /ˈʌ.vn̩/ /ˈʌv.ən/ n
piec piekarnik
chamber used for baking or heating

oven glove n
rękawica kuchenna
glove designed to carry hot oven trays

ovenbird n
lasówka złotogłowa
Seiurus auricapilla

over /ˈoʊ.vɚ/ /ˈəʊ.və(ɹ)/ adv
przez noc
overnight

over /ˈoʊ.vɚ/ /ˈəʊ.və(ɹ)/ interjection
odbiór
end of sentence in radio communication

over /ˈoʊ.vɚ/ /ˈəʊ.və(ɹ)/ preposition
nad
physical positioning: on top of; above
przez
math: divided by
physical positioning: across or spanning

over and out interjection
bez odbioru
end of conversation

over here adv
tutaj
in this place

over my dead body
po moim trupie
absolutely not

over there adv
tam
in that place

over time
z biegiem czasu
gradually, as time passes

over with adj
z głowy

over-the-counter adj
dostępny bez recepty
pharmacy: not requiring a prescription

overabundance n
nadmiar

overadminister v
przeadministrować
to manage or control too much

overage /ˈəʊvəɹɪd͡ʒ/ n
nadmiar nadwyżka
state of being more than one ought to be
superata
surplus of inventory

overall /ˈoʊvɚɑl/ /ˈoʊvɚɔl/ /ˈəʊvəɹɔːl/ /ˌoʊvɚˈɑl/ /ˌoʊvɚˈɔl/ /ˌəʊvəɹˈɔːl/ n
kombinezon
protective garment worn over clothing

overalls /ˈoʊvəɹɔːlz/ /ˈɐʉv(ə)ɹəlz/ n
kombinezon
loose fitting garment worn over regular clothes to protect them
ogrodniczki
loose fitting pair of pants with a bib

overbearing adj
arogancki
overly bossy or domineering

overcast /ˈoʊvɚ.kæst/ /ˈəʊvəˌkɑːst/ /ˌoʊvɚˈkæst/ /ˌəʊvəˈkɑːst/ adj
pochmurny
covered with clouds; overshadowed; darkened
zachmurzony
meteorological term

overcautious adj
asekurancki
excessively cautious

overcautiously adv
asekurancko

overcautiousness n
asekuranctwo asekurantyzm

overclean adj
zbyt czysty

overcoat /ˈoʊvɚkoʊt/ /ˈəʊvəkəʊt/ n
palto płaszcz
garment

overcome /ˌoʊvɚˈkʌm/ /ˌəʊvəˈkʌm/ v
przezwyciężać przemagać
to surmount, get the better of

overcoming n
pokonanie przezwyciężanie przezwyciężenie
the act by which something is overcome

overcook /oʊ.vɚ.kʊk/ v
rozgotować rozgotowywać
cook for too long

overcooked adj
rozgotowany
cooked for too long

overcourtesy n
nadmierna uprzejmość

overdependent adj
zbyt polegający

overdiligent adj
zbyt pilny

overdiligently adv
zbyt pilnie

overdose /ˈəʊvə(ɹ)ˌdəʊs/ n
przedawkowanie
excessive and dangerous dose of a drug

overdose /ˌəʊvə(ɹ)ˈdəʊs/ v
przedawkować przedawkowywać
to dose excessively

overdramatic adj
arcydramatyczny
dramatic to excess

overdue /ˌoʊ.vəɹˈdu/ /ˌəʊ.vəˈdju/ adj
zaległy
Late; especially, past a deadline or too late to fulfill a need

overeat /ˌoʊvɚˈit/ v
przejadać się przejeść się
eat too much

overestimate /ˌəʊvəɹˈɛstɪmeɪt/ /ˌəʊvəɹˈɛstɪmət/ v
przeceniać zawyżać zawyżyć
to judge too highly

overexploitation n
nadużycie
excessive and damaging exploitation

overexpose v
prześwietlać prześwietlić
in photography

overexposure n
prześwietlenie
exposure of film to light for a longer time than is required

overfeeding n
nadmierne karmienie

overfishing n
przełowienie
excessive fishing

overflow /ˈoʊvɚˌfloʊ/ /ˈəʊvəˌfləʊ/ /ˌoʊvɚˈfloʊ/ /ˌəʊvəˈfləʊ/ n
nadmiar
spillage
odpływ przelew
outlet
przepełnienie
computing: situation where a value exceeds the available range

overflow /ˈoʊvɚˌfloʊ/ /ˈəʊvəˌfləʊ/ /ˌoʊvɚˈfloʊ/ /ˌəʊvəˈfləʊ/ v
przepełniać przepełnić
computing: to exceed the available numeric range

overfriendliness n
amikoszoneria
the quality of being too friendly

overfund v
nadpłacać nadpłacić przepłacać przepłacić

overgeneral adj
zbyt generalny zbyt ogólny

overgenerality n
nadmierna ogołność

overgentle adj
zbyt delikatny

overgently adv
zbyt delikatnie

overhaul /ˈoʊvɚˌhɑl/ /ˈoʊvɚˌhɔl/ /ˈəʊvəˌhɔːl/ /ˌoʊvɚˈhɑl/ /ˌoʊvɚˈhɔl/ /ˌəʊvəˈhɔːl/ n
remont generalny
a major repair, remake, renovation, or revision

overhaul /ˈoʊvɚˌhɑl/ /ˈoʊvɚˌhɔl/ /ˈəʊvəˌhɔːl/ /ˌoʊvɚˈhɑl/ /ˌoʊvɚˈhɔl/ /ˌəʊvəˈhɔːl/ v
remontować
to modernize, repair, renovate, or revise completely
wyprzedzić
to pass, overtake, or travel past

overhead /ˈoʊvɚˌhɛd/ /ˈəʊvəˌhɛd/ /ˌoʊvɚˈhɛd/ /ˌəʊvəˈhɛd/ n
narzut
data or steps of computation used only to facilitate computation

overhead press n
prasa napowietrzna
the arms weightlifting vertically over the head

overhead projector n
grafoskop epidiaskop rzutnik
projector that projects an image over the heads of the viewers onto a screen

overhear /oʊ.vɚˈhɪɚ/ v
podsłuchać podsłuchiwać
to hear something that wasn't meant for one's ears

overheat /ˌoʊvɚˈhit/ /ˌəʊvəˈhiːt/ v
przegrzać przegrzewać
to heat excessively
przegrzewać
to become excessively hot

overheating n
przegrzanie przegrzewanie
a situation where something is overheated

overhuge adj
zbyt wielki

overhunting n
nadmierne polowanie
hunting at unsustainable levels

overindividualism n
nadmierny indywidualizm

overindulge v
folgować rozpuszczać rozpuścić
indulge to excess

overkill /ˈoʊ.vɚˌkɪl/ /ˈoʊvɚˌkɪl/ /ˈəʊ.vəˌkɪl/ /ˌoʊvɚˈkɪl/ /ˌəʊvəˈkɪl/ n
przesada
unnecessary excess

overlap /ˈoʊvɚˌlæp/ /ˈəʊvəˌlæp/ /ˌoʊvɚˈlæp/ /ˌəʊvəˈlæp/ v
pokrywać się zachodzić na siebie
to extend over and partly cover something

overlearn /əʊvəˈləːn/ v
przeuczyć się
learn more than necessary

overload /ˈəʊvə(ɹ)ˌləʊd/ /ˌəʊvə(ɹ)ˈləʊd/ v
przeładować
to create different functions for the same name

overlook /ˈoʊ.vɚˌlʊk/ /ˈəʊ.vəˌlʊk/ /ˌoʊ.vɚˈlʊk/ /ˌəʊ.vəˈlʊk/ n
punkt widokowy
vista or point

overlook /ˈoʊ.vɚˌlʊk/ /ˈəʊ.vəˌlʊk/ /ˌoʊ.vɚˈlʊk/ /ˌəʊ.vəˈlʊk/ v
przegapiać przegapić przeoczać przeoczyć
to fail to notice; to look over and beyond (anything) without seeing it

overly adv
nadmiernie zbytnio
to an excessive degree

overnight /əʊvə(ɹ)ˈnaɪt/ adv
migiem
in a very short amount of time
przez noc
throughout the night

overpass /əʊvə(ɹ)ˈpæs/ /əʊvə(ɹ)ˈpɑːs/ /ˈəʊvə(ɹ)pæs/ /ˈəʊvə(ɹ)pɑːs/ n
wiadukt
A section of a road or path that crosses over an obstacle, especially another road, railway, etc

overpay /oʊ.vɚ.peɪ/ v
przepłacać przepłacić
to pay too much

overpayment n
nadpłata
payment exceeding the amount actually due

overpepper v
zbytnio pieprzyć

overpopulation /ˈoʊvɚ-/ /ˌoʊvɚˌpɑpjəˈleɪʃ(ə)n/ /ˌəʊvəˌpɒpjʊˈleɪʃn̩/ n
przeludnienie
excessive number of occupants in a particular area; specifically, when the number of occupants exceeds the ability of that area to provide for them

overproduction n
hiperprodukcja
the production of more of a commodity than can be used or sold

overprotective /ˌoʊvɚpɹəˈtɛktɪv/ /ˌəʊvəpɹəˈtɛktɪv/ adj
nadopiekuńczy
excessively protective

overprotectively adv
nadopiekuńczo
in an overprotective way

overprotectiveness n
nadopiekuńczość
the state or condition of being overprotective

overqualified adj
za wykwalifikowany

overrated adj
przeceniany przereklamowany
rated too highly

overrealistic adj
zbyt realistyczny

overreliant adj
zbyt polegający

overrepresented adj
nadreprezentowany
represented to an excessive degree

override /oʊ.vɚˈɹaɪd/ /əʊ.vəˈɹaɪd/ /ˈoʊ.vɚˌɹaɪd/ /ˈəʊ.vəˌɹaɪd/ v
nadpisać
(software) To define a new behaviour of a method

overripe adj
przejrzały
excessively ripe; spoiled; gone bad

overripen v
przejrzewać przejrzeć
to ripen too much; to become overripe

oversatisfy v
zbytnio satysfakcjonować zbytnio usatysfakcjonować

overseas /ˌoʊvɚˈsiːz/ /ˌəʊvəˈsiːz/ adj
zamorski
across a sea

oversee /əʊvə(ɹ)siː/ v
doglądać nadzorować
to supervise, guide, review or direct the actions of a person or group
przeglądać przejrzeć
to survey, look at something in a wide angle

overseer /ˈəʊvəˌsiːə(ɹ)/ n
nadzorca
one who oversees

oversensitive adj
nadwrażliwy przeczulony przewrażliwiony
having excessive sensitivity

overshadow /ˌoʊ.vɚˈʃæd.oʊ/ /ˌəʊ.vəˈʃæd.əʊ/ v
ocieniać ocienić
to cast a shadow over something
zaćmiewać zaćmić
to dominate something and make it seem insignificant

overshot /ˈoʊ.vɚˌʃɑt/ /ˈəʊ.vəˌʃɒt/ adj
nadsiębierny nasiębierny
powered by water that flows over the top from above

oversight /ˈoʊvɚˌsaɪt/ /ˈoːbʱə(ɾ)ˌsaɪt/ /ˈo̝vərˌsaɪt/ /ˈəʊvəˌsaɪt/ n
nadzór
supervision
niedopatrzenie przeoczenie
omission

oversleep /ˈəʊvəɹˌsliːp/ v
zaspać zasypiać
to sleep for longer than planned

overstimulated adj
przebodźcowany

oversusceptible adj
zbyt podatny

oversystematic adj
zbyt systematyczny

oversystematically adv
zbyt systematycznie

overt /oʊˈvɚt/ /ə(ʊ)ˈvɜːt/ /ˈoʊvɚt/ /ˈəʊvə(ː)t/ adj
jawny
open and not concealed or secret

overthrow /əʊvəˈθɹəʊ/ /ˈoʊvɚˌθɹoʊ/ /ˈəʊvəθɹəʊ/ /ˌoʊvɚˈθɹoʊ/ v
obalać powalać powalić
to bring about the downfall of
obalić powalić
to throw down to the ground

overtime /ˈoʊ.vɚˌtaɪm/ /ˈəʊ.və.taɪm/ n
dogrywka
extra period in sports
nadgodzina
worktime

overtly adv
jawnie
openly

overtone /ˈoʊvɚtoʊn/ /ˈəʊ.və.təʊn/ n
alikwot
harmonic
podtekst wydźwięk
implicit meaning

overtone singing n
śpiew alikwotowy
type of singing

overtourism n
overturyzm
excessive tourism

overtrample v
deptać

overture /ˈoʊvəɹt͡ʃəɹ/ /ˈəʊvətjʊə/ /ˈəʊvətʃ(ʊ)ə/ n
uwertura
musical introduction

overview /ˈoʊ.vɚˌvjuː/ /ˈəʊ.vəˌvjuː/ n
przegląd
brief summary, as of a book or a presentation

overweaponed adj
zbyt uzbrojony

overweight /ˈoʊvɚweɪt/ /ˈəʊvəweɪt/ /ˌoʊvɚˈweɪt/ /ˌəʊvəˈweɪt/ adj
mający nadwagę z nadwagą
of a person, heavier than is healthy
przeciążony
of a vehicle, weighing more than is allowed

overweight /ˈoʊvɚweɪt/ /ˈəʊvəweɪt/ /ˌoʊvɚˈweɪt/ /ˌəʊvəˈweɪt/ n
nadwaga
excess of weight

overwhelm /-ˈ wɛlm/ /ˌo.vɚ.ˈ ʍɛlm/ /ˌoʊ.vɚ.ˈ ʍɛlm/ /ˌəʊ.və.ˈ ʍɛlm/ v
miażdżyć
to overpower, crush
ogarniać ogarnąć przytłaczać przytłoczyć
overpower emotionally
zalewać
engulf, surge over

overwomanly adj
zbyt kobiecy

overwork /ˈoʊvɚˌwɝk/ /ˈəʊvəˌwɜːk/ n
przepracowanie
excessive work

overwork /ˌoʊvɚˈwɝk/ /ˌəʊvəˈwɜːk/ v
przepracowywać się
to work too hard

overworked adj
przepracowany
subjected to too much work

overwrite /oʊ.vɚˈɹaɪt/ /əʊ.vəˈɹaɪt/ v
nadpisywać nadpisać
destroy old data

overyoung adj
zbyt młody

oviduct /ˈɒvɪdʌkt/ n
jajowód
duct through which an ovum passes

ovine /ˈoʊˌvaɪn/ /ˈəʊvaɪn/ adj
owczy
of, being, pertaining to, or resembling a sheep

ovine /ˈoʊˌvaɪn/ /ˈəʊvaɪn/ n
owca
sheep

oviparous /oʊˈvɪpəɹəs/ /əʊˈvɪpəɹəs/ adj
jajorodny
egg laying

ovoviviparous /ˌoʊvoʊvɪˈvɪpəɹəs/ /ˌəʊvəʊvɪˈvɪpəɹəs/ adj
jajożyworodny
pertaining to animals whose eggs hatch inside their body

ovulate /ˈɒvjʊleɪt/ /ˈɒvjʊlət/ v
jajeczkować mieć owulację
produce eggs or ova

ovulation /ɑvjəˈleɪʃ(ə)n/ /ɒvjʊˈleɪʃ(ə)n/ n
owulacja jajeczkowanie
release of an ovum from the ovary

ovum /ˈoʊ.vəm/ /ˈəʊ.vəm/ n
komórka jajowa jajo
gamete

owe /oʊ/ /əʊ/ v
być winnym mieć dług winić
to be in debt
być zobowiązany zawdzięczać
to be under an obligation

owing to preposition
dzięki wskutek ze względu na
because of

owl /aʊ(ə)l/ n
sowa
bird

owlery n
sowiarnia
abode or a haunt of owls

owlet /ˈaʊlət/ n
sówka
a young owl

own /oʊn/ /uŋ/ /əʊn/ adj
własny swój
belonging to (determiner)

own /oʊn/ /uŋ/ /əʊn/ v
posiadać mieć
have rightful possession of

own goal /ˈoʊn.ɡoʊl/ n
bramka samobójcza gol samobójczy samobój
goal scored by player against their own team
samobój
blunder that damages one's own prospects

own up v
wkładać między bajki włożyć między bajki
to confess

owner /ˈoʊnɚ/ /ˈəʊnə/ n
właściciel właścicielka
one who owns

ownership /ˈoʊnɚʃɪp/ /ˈəʊnəʃɪp/ n
własność posiadanie
legal status

ox /ˈɑks/ /ˈɒks/ n
woł wół
an adult castrated male of cattle
wół
any bovine animal used as a beast of burden

oxalate /ˈɒksəleɪt/ n
szczawian
salt or ester of oxalic acid

oxalic acid n
kwas szczawiowy
the dicarboxylic acid (ethandioic acid)

oxbow lake n
jezioro przyrzeczne starorzecze
crescent-shaped lake

oxidation /ɒksɪˈdeɪʃ(ə)n/ n
utlenianie oksydacja
combination of a substance with oxygen
utlenianie utlenienie
chemical reaction

oxide /ˈɒksaɪd/ n
tlenek
binary compound of oxygen

oxidize /ˈɒksɪdaɪz/ v
utleniać utlenić
to combine with oxygen
to increase the valence

oxidizing agent n
utleniacz
any substance that oxidizes, or receives electrons from, another

oxpecker n
bąkojad
Buphagus

oxtail n
ogon wołowy
meat from the tail of a cow

oxy- prefix
oksy-

oxygen /ˈɒksɪd͡ʒən/ n
tlen
chemical element
molecular oxygen
atom of oxygen

oxygen bar n
bar tlenowy
A nightclub in which patrons pay to inhale oxygen

oxygen mask n
maska tlenowa
mask through with oxygen may be breathed

oxygenic adj
tlenowy
of, relating to, containing or producing oxygen

oxygenless adj
beztlenowy
Lacking oxygen

oxymoron /ɑksɪˈmɔɹɑn/ /ɒksɪˈmɔːɹɒn/ /ˌɑksiˈmɔɹɑn/ n
oksymoron antylogia
figure of speech

oxytocin /ɑksiˈtoʊsɪn/ /ˈɑksiˌtoʊsɪn/ n
oksytocyna
hormone

oyster /ˈɔɪstə/ /ˈɔɪstəɹ/ /ˈɔɪst͡ʃəɹ/ n
ostryga
food
ostryga ostra
mollusk

oyster knife n
nóż do ostryg
knife

oyster sauce n
sos ostrygowy
sauce from oysters

oystercatcher /ˈɔɪstə.ˌkæt͡ʃə/ n
ostrygojad
bird

ozone /ˈoʊzoʊn/ /ˈəʊzəʊn/ n
ozon
O₃

ozone hole n
dziura ozonowa
region of the stratosphere over Antarctica that is depleted of ozone in the local spring

ozone layer n
ozonosfera warstwa ozonowa
a region of the stratosphere

ozonosphere n
ozonosfera
part of the stratosphere

p-adic adj
p-adyczny

p-adic number n
liczba [[p-adyczny|p-adyczna]]
element of a completion of the rational numbers with respect to a p-adic ultrametric

paca /ˈpækə/ n
paka
rodent of genus Cuniculus

pace /peɪs/ n
krok
step: step
tempo
speed

pace /peɪs/ v
chodzić tam i z powrotem
to walk to and fro

pacemaker /ˈpeɪsˌmeɪkəɹ/ n
rozrusznik serca rozrusznik
medical implement

pacification n
pacyfikacja
the process of pacifying

pacifier /ˈpæsɪfaɪə/ /ˈpæsɪfaɪɚ/ n
smoczek
for a baby

pacifism /ˈpæsɪfɪzəm/ n
pacyfizm
doctrine that disputes should be settled without violence

pacifist /ˈpæsɪfɪst/ n
pacyfista pacyfistka
one who loves, supports, or favours peace

pack /pæk/ [pʰæk] n
paczka pakiet
bundle to be carried
sfora zgraja stado
group of dogs
talia
full set of playing cards

pack /pæk/ [pʰæk] v
pakować spakować zapakować zapakowywać
to put things together for storage or transporting

pack rat n
nowik
rodent

package /ˈpækɪd͡ʒ/ n
paczka
something which is packed
paczka pakiet
computing: piece of software that it can be installed with a package manager
pakiet
something consisting of components

packaging n
opakowanie
the materials used to pack something

packed like sardines /pækt laɪk sɑɹˈdinz/ /pækt laɪk sɑːˈdiːnz/ adj
jak śledzie w beczce
densely packed

packer /ˈpækə/ /ˈpækɚ/ n
pakowacz pakowaczka
person packing things

packet /ˈpækət/ /ˈpækɪt/ n
paczka
small pack
pakiet
small fragment of data

packsaddle n
siodło juczne
saddle for carrying goods

pact /pækt/ n
pakt układ
an agreement; a league; a compact; a covenant
an agreement between two or more nations

pad /pæd/ n
blok
block of paper

padded envelope n
koperta bąbelkowa
a thick envelope

paddle /ˈpæ.dəl/ /ˈpædl̩/ [ˈpʰæ.ɾɫ̩] v
wiosłować
to propel something through water with a paddle, hands or similar instrument

paddlefish n
wiosłonos
fish of the family Polyodontidae

paddy /ˈpædi/ n
ryżowym polu
wet land where rice grows

paddyfield warbler n
czeretówka trzcinniczek kaspijski
Acrocephalus agricola

pademelon /ˈpædəmɛlən/ n
pademelon
species of Thylogale

padlock /ˈpadˌlɒk/ n
kłódka
type of lock

paean /ˈpi.ən/ /ˈpiː.ən/ n
pean
enthusiastic expression of praise

paedobaptism /piːdəʊˈbaptɪz(ə)m/ n
chrzest młodego dziecka
baptism of infants or young children

paella /paɪˈ(j)eɪ.(j)ə/ /paɪˈ(j)ɛlə/ /pɑːˈeɪ.(j)ə/ /pɑːˈɛ.(j)ə/ n
paella
savory Valencian dish

pagan /ˈpeɪɡən/ adj
pogański
relating to non main world religions

pagan /ˈpeɪɡən/ n
poganin poganka
person not adhering to a main world religion

paganism /ˈpeɪɡənɪzm̩/ n
pogaństwo
local religions practiced before the introduction of Christianity

paganly /ˈpeɪɡənli/ adv
pogańsko
in a pagan manner

page /peɪd͡ʒ/ n
strona stronica
one side of a leaf of a book
paź
serving boy

page-turner n
czytadło wciągająca książka
suspenseful written work

pager /peɪd͡ʒə(ɹ)/ n
pager
device

paginate /ˈpæd͡ʒəneɪt/ v
paginować
to number the pages of a book or other document

pagoda /pəˈɡoʊ.də/ n
pagoda
a tiered tower with multiple eaves

pagodite n
agalmatolit pagodyt

paid /ˈpeɪd/ adj
płatny
not free of charge

pain /peɪn/ n
ból
ache or bodily suffering

pain in the ass n
wrzód na dupie wrzód na tyłku
something that causes discomfort

painful /ˈpeɪn.fəl/ adj
bolesny
causing pain
suffering with pain

painfully /ˈpeɪnfəli/ adv
boleśnie
in a painful manner

painkiller /ˈpeɪnˌkɪlə(ɹ)/ n
środek przeciwbólowy
a drug that numbs the pain in the body

painless adj
bezbolesny
without pain or trouble

painlessly adv
bezboleśnie
in a painless manner

painlessness n
bezbolesność

paint /peɪnt/ n
farba
substance
farbki
paints: set of containers or blocks of paints of different colours

paint /peɪnt/ v
malować namalować
to practise the art of painting pictures
malować pomalować
to apply paint to

paint the town red v
balangować
party in a rowdy, wild manner

paintball /ˈpeɪntbɔːl/ n
paintball
sport

paintbrush /ˈpeɪntˌbɹʌʃ/ n
pędzel pędzelek
thin brush

painter /ˈpeɪntə/ /ˈpeɪntɚ/ n
malarz pokojowy malarz
one who paints surfaces using a paintbrush
malarz malarka
artist

painting /ˈpeɪn.tɪŋ/ n
malarstwo obraz
artistic application of paint
malowanie malarstwo
the action of applying paint
obraz malowidło
an illustration or artwork using paint

pair /peː/ /pɛ(ə)ɹ/ /pɛə(ɹ)/ n
para
two similar or identical things
para dwoje dwójka stadło
two people in a relationship
para dwójka
couple of working animals attached to work together

pair /peː/ /pɛ(ə)ɹ/ /pɛə(ɹ)/ v
parować parzyć sparować
to group into sets of two

pair of compasses n
cyrkiel
tool used to draw circles

pairing function n
funkcja pary

paisley /ˈpeɪzli/ n
paisley
motif

paiza n
pajdza
a tablet of authority in medieval Mongolia

pajamas /pəˈd͡ʒæ.məz/ /pəˈd͡ʒɑ.məz/ n
pidżama piżama
loose-fitting trousers worn in South Asia
piżama pidżama
clothes for wearing to bed and sleeping in

palace /ˈpæləs/ /ˈpælɪs/ n
pałac
large, lavish residence

palace coup n
przewrót pałacowy

palace intrigue n
pałacowa intryga

paladin /ˈpælədɪn/ n
paladyn
heroic champion

palaeoclimatology n
paleoklimatologia
science

palaestra /pəˈliːstɹə/ /pəˈlʌɪstɹə/ n
palestra
ancient wrestling area

palanquin /ˌpæləŋˈkiːn/ n
palankin
a covered type of litter

palatable /ˈpæl.ə.tə.bəl/ adj
dobry smaczny
pleasing to the taste

palatal /pəˈleɪtl̩/ /ˈpælətl̩/ adj
palatalny podniebienny twardopodniebienny
(phonetics) articulated at the hard palate
podniebienny
pertaining to the palate

palatalization /ˌpælətəlaɪˈzeɪʃən/ /ˌpælətəlɪˈzeɪʃən/ n
palatalizacja zmiękczenie
instance
state

palatalize /ˈpælətəlaɪz/ v
palatalizować
to pronounce a sound with the tongue against the palate

palate /ˈpæl.ət/ n
podniebienie
roof of the mouth

pale /peɪl/ [pʰeəɫ] [pʰeɪ̯ɫ] adj
blady
feeble, faint
blady biały
light in color
having a pallor, of human skin

pale /peɪl/ [pʰeəɫ] [pʰeɪ̯ɫ] n
pal sztacheta
wooden stake
słup
heraldry: vertical band

pale /peɪl/ [pʰeəɫ] [pʰeɪ̯ɫ] v
blednąć zblednąć
to become insignicant
blednąć zblednąć blaknąć wyblaknąć zblaknąć
to become pale

pale fox n
lis blady
Vulpes pallida

palearctic adj
palearktyczny
Relating to the Palearctic

palefaced adj
bladolicy

paleness n
bladość
condition or degree of being pale or of lacking color

paleochristian adj
paleochrześcijański wczesnochrześcijański
relating to the early Christian church

paleography /ˌpalɪˈɒɡɹəfi/ /ˌpeɪliˈɑɡɹəfi/ /ˌpeɪlɪˈɒɡɹəfi/ n
paleografia
study of old forms of writing

paleontological adj
paleontologiczny
of or pertaining to paleontology

paleontologist n
paleontolog
one who studies paleontology

paleontology n
paleontologia
study of prehistoric forms of life

paletot /ˈpalɪtəʊ/ /ˈpæləˌtoʊ/ /ˈpælˌtoʊ/ n
palto
A loose outer jacket, overcoat

palette /pəˈlɛt/ /ˈpælət/ /ˈpælɪt/ n
paleta
board
range of colors

palilalia /ˌpælɪˈleɪliə/ n
palilalia
tic comprising the repetition or echoing of one's own spoken words

palilogy /pəˈlɪləd͡ʒi/ n
anastrofa

palimpsest /ˈpælɪmpsɛst/ n
palimpsest
manuscript scraped clean for reuse

palindrome /ˈpælɪndɹoʊm/ /ˈpælɪndɹəʊm/ n
palindrom
a sequence of units that reads the same forwards as backwards

palisade /ˌpælɪˈseɪd/ n
palisada częstokół ostrokół
wall of wooden stakes

palish adj
bladawy
somewhat pale

palishly adv
bladawo

pall /pɑl/ /pɔl/ /pɔːl/ n
kir
heavy cloth laid over a coffin or tomb
rosocha
charge representing an archbishop's pallium

palladium /pəˈleɪdiəm/ n
pallad
chemical element

pallet /ˈpælət/ /ˈpælɪt/ n
paleta
a portable platform
barłóg legowisko leże siennik wyro
an improvised bed
siennik
A straw bed

pallet jack n
paleciak wózek ręczny paletowy unoszący
manually operated device for lifting and moving pallets

palliative /ˈpalɪətɪv/ /ˈpæli.eɪtɪv/ /ˈpæli.ətɪv/ adj
paliatywny
reducing progression and relieving symptoms

pallid /ˈpælɪd/ adj
blady
appearing weak, pale}} or wan

pallid harrier n
błotniak stepowy
Circus macrourus

pallor /ˈpælə/ /ˈpælɚ/ n
bladość
paleness; want of color; pallidity

palm /pæm/ /pɑlm/ /pɑm/ /pɑːm/ /pɔlm/ /pɔm/ /ˈpam/ /ˈpæm/ [pɑːm] [pɒːm] n
dłoń
inner, concave part of hand

palm fat n
tłuszcz palmowy
edible plant fat

palm oil n
olej palmowy
edible plant oil

palm syrup n
miód palmowy
syrup made from sap of a palm tree

palm tree n
palma
tropical tree

palpable /ˈpalpəbəl/ /ˈpælpəbəl/ adj
namacalny
obvious

palpitation n
palpitacja
abnormal beating of the heart

palsy /ˈpɔːlzi/ n
paraliż porażenie bezwład
complete or partial muscle paralysis of a body part

paltrily adv
błaho

paltriness n
błahość

paltry /ˈpɑltɹi/ /ˈpɒltɹi/ /ˈpɔltɹi/ /ˈpɔːltɹi/ adj
kiepski
trashy, trivial, of little value
marny
meager; worthless; pitiful; trifling

pan /pæn/ n
bochen
loaf of bread
patelnia
flat vessel used for cooking

pan-Arabism /panˈaɹəbɪz(ə)m/ n
panarabizm
movement

panacea /ˌpæn.əˈsiː.ə/ n
panaceum
remedy believed to cure all disease
solution to all problems

panache /pəˈnæʃ/ /pəˈnɑːʃ/ n
pióropusz
ornamental helmet plume
polot rozmach
flamboyant style or action

panarchism n
panarchizm
advocacy of panarchy

pancake /ˈpæn.keɪk/ /ˈpæŋ.keɪk/ n
naleśnik
thin batter cake

pancreas /ˈpæn-/ /ˈpæŋ.kɹi.əs/ /ˈpæŋkɹɪəs/ n
trzustka
gland near the stomach

pancreatitis n
zapalenie trzustki
inflammation of the pancreas

panda /ˈpændə/ n
panda
Ailuropoda melanoleuca

pandeiro /pænˈdɛəɹəʊ/ n
pandeiro
a hand-held frame drum with a round wooden frame

pandeism /-deɪ-/ /pænˈdiɪzəm/ /pænˈdiːɪz(ə)m/ n
pandeizm
belief in a god both pantheistic and deistic

pandeist /pænˈdiːɪst/ n
pandeista pandeistka
one who believes in pandeism

pandemic /pænˈdɛmɪk/ adj
pandemiczny
epidemic over a wide geographical area and affecting a large proportion of the population

pandemic /pænˈdɛmɪk/ n
pandemia
disease that affects a wide geographical area and a large proportion of the population

pandemonium /ˌpændəˈmoʊni.əm/ /ˌpændɪˈməʊnɪəm/ n
pandemonium
chaos; tumultuous protest or disorder

pander /ˈpændə/ /ˈpændɚ/ v
przymilać się przymilić się
to appeal or cater to

panel /ˈpænəl/ n
panel
group of people gathered to judge, interview, discuss etc

panelling /ˈpænəlɪŋ/ n
wykładzina
panels with which a surface is covered

panendoscopy n
panendoskopia
an endoscopic procedure

panentheism /pænˈɛnθiɪzəm/ n
panenteizm
a doctrine that the universe is within God

panforte n
panforte piernik seneński
dense flat cake

pang of conscience n
wyrzuty sumienia
feeling of shame, guilt, or embarrassment, resulting from behavior which one regrets

pangolin /pæŋˈɡoʊlɪn/ /ˈpæŋɡəlɪn/ n
łuskowiec
mammal

pangram /ˈpæn.ɡɹæm/ /ˈpæŋ.ɡɹæm/ n
pangram
a sentence that contains every letter of the alphabet

panhandle /ˈpænˌhæn.dəl/ n
cypel worek
any arm or projection suggestive of the handle of a pan

panhuman adj
wszechludzki
applying to all human beings

panic /ˈpænɪk/ n
panika
overwhelming fear or fright; an instance of this

panic /ˈpænɪk/ v
panikować
to feel panic

panic attack n
atak paniki
sudden period of intense anxiety

panicgrass n
proso
grass of the genus Panicum

panicky /ˈpænɪki/ adj
w panice
in a state of panic

panicle n
wiecha
a compound raceme

panleukopenia n
nosówka kotów panleukopenia kotów
distemper of cats

panna cotta /ˌpanə ˈkɒtə/ n
panna cotta
Italian dessert made from double cream

pannier /ˈpæn.i.ɚ/ /ˈpæn.jɚ/ /ˈpæn.ɪ.ə/ n
rogówka
hoop used to expand a woman's skirt to either side
sakwa
large basket or bag fastened to the back of a bicycle or pack animal

panoply /ˈpænəpli/ n
zbroja
complete set of armour

panopticon n
panoptikon
type of prison
panoptikum
room for the exhibition of novelties

panorama /ˌpæn.əˈɹaː.mə/ /ˌpæn.əˈɹæm.ə/ /ˌpæn.əˈɹɑː.mə/ [ˌpɛən.əˈɹɑː.mə] [ˌpɛən.əˈɹɛəm.ə] n
panorama
picture representing a continuous scene
unbroken view of an entire surrounding area

panpipes n
fletnia Pana
musical instrument

panpsychism /panˈsʌɪkɪz(ə)m/ /pænˈsaɪ(ˌ)kɪz(ə)m/ n
panpsychizm
doctrine that all matter has a mental aspect

pansexual /pænˈsɛk.ʃu.əl/ n
panseksualny
someone who is attracted to all genders

pansexuality /ˌpæn.sɛk.sjuˈæl.ɪ.ti/ /ˌpæn.sɛk.ʃuˈæl.ɪ.ti/ n
panseksualizm
sexual orientation

pansexually adv
panseksualnie
in an pansexual manner

pansy /ˈpæn.zi/ n
baba
informal:coward or weak person
bratek
plant

pant /pænt/ v
dyszeć sapać
to breathe quickly or in a labored manner

pantagruelian adj
pantagrueliczny

pantheism /ˈpæn.θi.ɪz.əm/ n
panteizm
belief that the universe is divine

pantheist /ˈpænθiː.ɪst/ n
panteista panteistka
person who believes in pantheism

pantheistic /pænˈθiɪstɪk/ adj
panteistyczny
pertaining to pantheism

pantheon n
panteon
a temple dedicated to all the gods
all the gods of a particular religion
a category or classification denoting the most honored persons of a group

panther /ˈpeɪntə(ɹ)/ /ˈpæntə(ɹ)/ /ˈpænθə/ /ˈpænθɚ/ n
pantera
big cat of genus Panthera
big cat with black fur

panther cap n
muchomor plamisty
Amanita pantherina

panties n
figi
underpants for women or girls

pantograph /ˈpantəɡɹaf/ /ˈpantəɡɹɑːf/ n
pantograf
rail transport: device that collects electric current from overhead lines
mechanical drawing aid

pantry /ˈpantɹi/ /ˈpæntɹi/ [ˈpant(ʰ)ɹ̥i] [ˈpeənt(ʰ)ɹ̥i] [ˈpænt(ʰ)ɹ̥i] n
spiżarnia spiżarka
storage room

pantryman n
spiżarny
person in charge of pantry

pants /pænts/ n
majtki gacie gatki
undergarment covering the genitals
spodnie gacie galoty pantalony portki
garment covering the body from the waist downwards

pantyhose /ˈpæntɪhəuz/ n
rajstopy

pap /pæp/ n
papka
soft food

papacy /ˈpeɪ.pə.si/ n
papiestwo tiara tron Piotrowy
the office
pontyfikat
the period

papakha n
papacha
type of hat

papal /ˈpeɪpəl/ adj
papieski apostolski
related to the pope or papacy

papal infallibility n
nieomylność papieska nieomylność papieża
Catholic concept of an infallible Pope

paparazzo /ˌpæpəˈɹætsəʊ/ /ˌpɑpəˈɹɑtsoʊ/ n
paparazzo
freelance photographer of celebrities

papaya /pəˈpaɪə/ /pəˈpɑːjə/ n
papaja
tree
papaja melonowiec
fruit

paper /ˈpeɪpə/ /ˈpeɪpɚ/ [ˈpeɪpə(r)] [ˈpeːpə(r)] [ˈpʰeɪpɚ] adj
papierowy papier
made of paper

paper /ˈpeɪpə/ /ˈpeɪpɚ/ [ˈpeɪpə(r)] [ˈpeːpə(r)] [ˈpʰeɪpɚ] n
artykuł
written document shorter than a book
papier
sheet material
open hand in the game of rock paper scissors

paper aeroplane n
samolot papierowy
toy aeroplane made by folding up a sheet of paper

paper clip n
spinacz
paper clip

paper mill n
papiernia
factory

paper tiger n
papierowy tygrys
paper tiger

paper towel n
ręcznik papierowy
paper used in kitchens

paper-pusher n
biurokrata zarękawek
clerk or bureaucrat

paperback /ˈpeɪ.pɚ.bæk/ n
miękka okładka

paperboard n
tektura
thick paper

papermaking n
papiernictwo
craft of making paper

papers /ˈpeɪpəz/ /ˈpeɪpɚz/ n
papiery
collection of documents
official documents or identification

paperwall adj
mający papierowe ściany

paperweight n
przycisk do papieru
any object used for this purpose
small, decorative, somewhat weighty object
złom
slang: useless object

paperwork /ˈpeɪ.pɚ.wɚk/ /ˈpeɪ.pɚˌwɝk/ n
papierkowa robota
work involving written documents

papess n
papieżyca
female pope

papier-mâché /ˌpapɪ.eɪ ˈmaʃeɪ/ /ˌpeɪpɚ məˈʃeɪ/ n
papier mâché
paper mixed with glue to create a sculptural object

papilla /pəˈpɪl.ə/ n
brodawka
nipple-like protuberance

papillary adj
papilarny
having the properties of a papilla

papist /ˈpeɪp.ɪst/ n
papista papistka
slur: Roman Catholic

paprika /pæpˈɹiːkə/ /pæˈpɹiːkə/ /pəˈpɹiːkə/ /ˈpæpɹɪkə/ n
papryka
ground spice

paprikash n
paprykarz
paprika-based meat stew

papyrology n
papirologia
the study of ancient texts written on papyrus

papyrus /pəˈpaɪɹəs/ n
papirus
material made from this plant
plant in the sedge family
scroll or document written on this material

par excellence /ˌpɑɹ ˌɛksəˈlɑns/ /ˌpɑːɹ ˈɛksəlɑːns/ /ˌpɑːɹ ˈɛksəlɒ̃s/ /ˌpɑːɹ ˌɛksəˈlɑːns/ /ˌpɑːɹ ˌɛksəˈlɒ̃s/ adj
par excellence
being a quintessential example of a general type

par for the course /-ˈkɔəɹs/ /ˈpɑɹ fɚ ðə ˈkɔɹs/ /ˈpɑː fə ðə ˈkɔːs/ adj
typowy
to be expected; normal; common

parable /ˈpaɹəbəl/ /ˈpæɹ.ə.bəl/ /ˈpɛɹ.ə.bəl/ n
parabola przypowieść
short story illustrating a lesson

parabola /pəˈɹæbələ/ n
parabola
a conic section

parachute /ˈpæɹəʃuːt/ n
chusta animacyjna
cloth used in physical education
spadochron
device designed to control the fall of an object or person

parachutist n
spadochroniarz spadochroniarka
parachute user

paraclete /ˈpæɹəkliːt/ n
paraklet
advocate

paraconsistent /pæɹəkənˈsɪstənt/ adj
parakonsystentny
tolerant towards inconsistencies

paraconsistent logic n
logika parakonsystentna
formal logical system without principle of explosion
study of logical systems without principle of explosion

parade /pəˈɹeɪd/ n
parada
public procession

paradigm /ˈpeɪ.ɹə.daɪm/ /ˈpæɹ.ə.daɪm/ /ˈpæɹ.ə.dɑɪm/ /ˈpɛɹ.ə.daɪm/ n
paradygmat
linguistics: all forms which contain a common element
way of viewing reality
example serving as a model or pattern

paradigm leveling n
niwelacja paradygmatu

paradigm shift n
zmiana paradygmatu
change in thinking from an accepted point of view to a new one, necessitated by scientific discoveries

paradigmatic /ˌpæɹ.ə.daɪ.ˈmæ.tɪk/ /ˌpæɹ.ə.dɪ(ɡ).ˈmæ.tɪk/ /ˌpɛɹ.ə.daɪ.ˈmæ.tɪk/ /ˌpɛɹ.ə.dɪ(ɡ).ˈmæ.tɪk/ adj
paradygmatyczny
of or pertaining to a paradigm

paradisaic adj
rajski
relating to paradise

paradise /ˈpæɹ.ə.daɪs/ /ˈpɛɹ.ə.daɪs/ n
raj niebiosa
heaven

paradisiacal /pæɹədɪˈsaɪəkəl/ adj
rajski
resembling paradise

paradox /ˈpæɹ.əˌdɑks/ /ˈpæɹ.əˌdɒks/ /ˈpɛɹ.əˌdɑks/ n
paradoks
in logic: a self-contradictory statement
apparent contradiction which is nonetheless true

paradoxical /ˌpæɹəˈdɒksɪkəl/ /ˌpɛɹəˈdɑːksɪkəl/ adj
paradoksalny
having self-contradicting properties

paradoxically adv
paradoksalnie
in a paradoxical manner

paraffin /ˈpæɹ.ə.fɪn/ /ˈpɛɹ.ə.fɪn/ n
alkan parafina
alkane hydrocarbon

paraffin /ˈpæɹ.ə.fɪn/ /ˈpɛɹ.ə.fɪn/ v
parafinować
treat with paraffin

paraffin oil n
olej parafinowy

paraffin wax n
parafina
paraffin wax

paragliding /ˈpæɹəɡlaɪdɪŋ/ n
paralotniarstwo paralotnia
the sport of gliding with a paraglider

paragon /ˈpæɹəɡən/ /ˈpæɹəˌɡɑn/ /ˈpæɹəˌɡɔn/ n
wzór
model or pattern

paragraph /ˈpæɹəɡɹæf/ /ˈpæɹəɡɹɑːf/ /ˈpɛɹəɡɹæf/ n
akapit paragraf
passage in text

parakeet /paɹəˈkiːt/ /ˈpaɹəkiːt/ /ˈpɛɹəkit/ n
papużka
various species of small parrots

parallactic adj
paralaktyczny
pertaining to parallax

parallax /ˈpæɹ.əˌlæks/ n
paralaksa
shift

parallel /ˈpæɹ.əˌlɛl/ /ˈpɛɹ.əˌlɛl/ adj
równoległy
equally distant from one another at all points

parallel /ˈpæɹ.əˌlɛl/ /ˈpɛɹ.əˌlɛl/ adv
równolegle
with a parallel relationship

parallel /ˈpæɹ.əˌlɛl/ /ˈpɛɹ.əˌlɛl/ n
równoleżnik równoległy
line of latitude

parallel bars n
poręcz
set of apparatus

parallel parking n
parkowanie równoległe
action of parking a vehicle with side parallel to curb

parallelepiped /ˌpæɹəlɛˈlɛpɪpɛd/ /ˌpæɹəˌlɛləˈpaɪpɪd/ n
równoległościan
solid figure

parallelize v
zrównoleglić
make parallel

parallelogram /ˌpæ.ɹə.ˈlɛl.ə.ˌɡɹæm/ n
równoległobok
convex quadrilateral in which each pair of opposite edges are parallel and of equal length

paralogism /pəˈɹaləd͡ʒɪzəm/ /pəˈɹæləd͡ʒɪzəm/ n
paralogizm
a fallacious argument or illogical conclusion

paralysis /pəˈɹæləsəs/ n
bezwład niemoc paraliż
state of inability to act
paraliż porażenie bezwład
loss of muscle control

paralytic /ˌpæɹəˈlɪtɪk/ n
paralityczka paralityk
person suffering from paralysis

paralyze /ˈparəlʌɪz/ v
paraliżować sparaliżować
to afflict with paralysis

paramagnetic adj
paramagnetyczny
exhibiting paramagnetism

paramagnetism /ˌpæ.ɹə.ˈmæɡ.nə.tɪ.zəm/ n
paramagnetyzm
tendency of dipoles

paramecium /ˌpæ.ɹəˈmiː.si.əm/ /ˌpɛ.ɹəˈmi.si.əm/ n
pantofelek
organism

paramedic /ˌpæɹəˈmɛdɪk/ n
ratowniczka ratowniczka medyczna ratownik ratownik medyczny
individual trained to stabilize people outside of hospital

parameterless adj
bezparametryczny

paramilitary /ˌpɛɹəˈmɪlɪˌtɛɹi/ adj
paramilitarny
relating to a paramilitary

paramilitary /ˌpɛɹəˈmɪlɪˌtɛɹi/ n
bojówka
a group of civilians trained and organized in a military fashion

paramount /ˈpæɹəmaʊnt/ /ˈpæɹəˌmaʊnt/ /ˈpɛ-/ adj
prymarny
highest, supreme

paramour /ˈpæ.ɹə.mɔː/ /ˈpæ.ɹə.mʊə/ /ˈpæɹəmɔɹ/ n
kochanek kochanka
illicit lover

paranoia /ˌpæɹ.əˈnɔɪ.ə/ /ˌpɛɹ.əˈnɔɪ.ə/ n
paranoja
a psychotic disorder characterized by delusions of persecution
extreme, irrational distrust of others

paranoiac /ˌpæɹəˈnɔɪæk/ adj
paranoiczny paranoidalny
pertaining to paranoia

paranoiacally adv
paranoicznie

paranoid /ˈpæɹ.ə.ˌnɔɪd/ /ˈpɛɹ.ə.ˌnɔɪd/ adj
paranoiczny paranoidalny
exhibiting extreme and irrational fear or distrust of others
of, related to, or suffering from paranoia

paranoid /ˈpæɹ.ə.ˌnɔɪd/ /ˈpɛɹ.ə.ˌnɔɪd/ n
paranoiczka paranoik
someone suffering from paranoia

paranoid personality disorder n
paranoidalne zaburzenie osobowości
personality disorder

paranoid schizophrenia n
schizofrenia paranoidalna
form of schizophrenia accompanied by delusions

paranormal adj
paranormalny
cannot be explained by scientific methods

parapet /ˈpæɹ.ə.pɪt/ n
murek gzyms
a low retaining wall
parapet przedpiersie
a fortification consisting of a wall

paraphernalia /ˌpæɹəfəˈneɪli.ə/ /ˌpɛɹəfəˈneɪli.ə/ /ˌpɛɹəfɚˈneɪli.ə/ n
parafernalia
(law) things a married woman owns

paraphilia /ˌparəˈfɪlɪ.ə/ n
parafilia
sexual deviation

paraphimosis n
załupek
foreskin trapped behind the glans

paraphrase /ˈpæɹəfɹeɪz/ n
parafraza
restatement of a text

parapsychological adj
parapsychologiczny
of or pertaining to parapsychology

parapsychology /ˌpɛɹəˌsaɪˈkɑlədʒi/ n
parapsychologia
study of that which cannot yet be explained

parashah n
parasza
weekly Torah portion

parasite /ˈpæɹəˌsaɪt/ /ˈpɛɹəˌsaɪt/ n
pasożyt
(biology) organism that exists by stealing resources from another organism
pasożyt darmozjad
useless person who always relies on other people's work and gives nothing back

parasitic /pæ.ɹəˈsɪt.ɪk/ /pɛɹ.əˈsɪt.ɪk/ adj
pasożytniczy
pertaining to a biological or symbolic parasite

parasitic element n
element pasożytniczy
circuit element or property that has a negative effect on the performance of the circuit

parasiticide /ˌpæɹəˈsɪtɪsaɪd/ n
środek pasożytobójczy
substance used to kill parasites

parasitism /ˈpæɹəs(a)ɪˌtɪzm̩/ n
pasożytnictwo
interaction between two organisms

parasitize v
pasożytować
live off a host

parasol /ˈpæɹəˌsɒl/ /ˈpɛɹəˌsɑl/ n
parasol
umbrella used as protection from the sun

parasomnia n
parasomnia
sleep disorder

parasympathetic /ˌpa.ɹə.sɪm.pəˈθɛt.ɪk/ /ˌpæɹ.ə.sɪm.pəˈθɛt.ɪk/ /ˌpɛɹ.ə.sɪm.pəˈθɛt.ɪk/ adj
przywspółczulny
relating to part of the autonomic nervous system

parathyroid gland n
gruczoł przytarczyczny przytarczyca
any one of four endocrine glands situated in the neck

paratrooper n
spadochroniarz
soldier that parachutes from aircraft

paravane n
parawan
device for cutting the moorings of mines

parazoan n
nibytkankowiec
(zoology) any sponge

parboil v
podgotować podgotowywać
partially boil

parcel /ˈpɑɹsəl/ [ˈpʰaː.səɫ] [ˈpʰɑɹ.səɫ] [ˈpʰɑː.səɫ] n
paczka przesyłka
package wrapped for shipment
parcela
division of land bought and sold as a unit

parchment /ˈpɑɹt͡ʃmənt/ /ˈpɑːtʃmənt/ n
pergamin
material
document

parchment paper n
papier do pieczenia
paper used in baking

pardon /ˈpaːdɘn/ /ˈpɑɹd(ə)n/ /ˈpɑːdn̩/ [ˈpʰäːɾɘn] [ˈpʰɑ˞dn̩] interjection
proszę
interjection, request to repeat

pardon /ˈpaːdɘn/ /ˈpɑɹd(ə)n/ /ˈpɑːdn̩/ [ˈpʰäːɾɘn] [ˈpʰɑ˞dn̩] n
przebaczenie wybaczenie darowanie
forgiveness for an offence
ułaskawienie łaska
releasing order

pardon /ˈpaːdɘn/ /ˈpɑɹd(ə)n/ /ˈpɑːdn̩/ [ˈpʰäːɾɘn] [ˈpʰɑ˞dn̩] v
wybaczyć
to forgive

pardon me phraseologicalUnit
pardon
polite expression to get someone to repeat
sorry, as an apology

pardon my French /ˌpɑɹd(ə)n maɪ ˈfɹɛn(t)ʃ/ /ˌpɑːdn̩ maɪ ˈfɹɛn(t)ʃ/ v
za przeproszeniem
to excuse the speaker’s frankness of expression or profanity

pareidolia /ˌpæɹ.aɪˈdoʊ.li.ə/ /ˌpæɹ.aɪˈdəʊ.li.ə/ /ˌpæɹ.iˈdoʊ.li.ə/ /ˌpɛɹ.aɪˈdoʊ.li.ə/ /ˌpɛɹ.iˈdoʊ.li.ə/ n
pareidolia
tendency to interpret vague stimuli as something familiar

pareidolic /pæɹ.aɪˈdəʊ.lɪk/ /pɛɹ.aɪˈdoʊ.lɪk/ adj
pareidoliczny
pertaining to pareidolia

paremiology /pəˌɹiːmiˈɒləd͡ʒi/ n
paremiologia
the study of proverbs

parent /ˈpæɹ.ənt/ /ˈpɛə.ɹənt/ /ˈpɛɚ.ənt/ n
opiekun opiekunka
person who acts as a parent in rearing a child
rodzic
person from whom one is descended
roślina mateczna
biology: organism from which a plant or animal is biologically descended

parent company n
spółka dominująca spółka matka
a company that owns or controls another company

parent language n
język nadrzędny

parental adj
rodzicielski
relating to parent

parental leave n
urlop rodzicielski
leave of absence for a parent to take care of a baby

parenthesis /pəˈɹɛnθəsɪs/ n
nawias
either of a pair of brackets ( )
(mathematics, logic) brackets used to clarify expressions by grouping terms affected by a common operator
parenteza wtrącenie
(Rhetoric) a digression; the use of such digressions

parenthesize /pəˈɹɛnθ.ə.saɪz/ v
nawiasować
place in parentheses

parentification n
parentyfikacja
a process of role reversal whereby a child is obliged to act as parent to its own parent

parents' evening n
wywiadówka
meeting

pareo /ˈpɑː(ɹ)i.əʊ/ n
pareo
wraparound garment

paresthesia /ˌpærɪsˈθiːziə, -ʒə/ n
parestezja
sensation of burning, prickling, itching, or tingling of the skin with no obvious cause

pariah /pəˈɹaɪə/ n
parias
member of the untouchable castes in Indian society

parietal lobe /pəˈɹaɪətəl ˌloʊb/ n
płat ciemieniowy
division of cerebrum

parish /ˈpæɹɪʃ/ /ˈpɛɹɪʃ/ n
parafia
part of a diocese
parafianin parafianka
members of the parish

parish church n
kościół parafialny
church that serves as the religious centre of a parish

parish priest n
proboszcz
main priest serving a parish

parishioner /pəˈɹɪʃnə(ɹ)/ /pəˈɹɪʃənə(ɹ)/ n
parafianin parafianka
member of a parish

park /pɑɹk/ [pɑɹk] [pʰäːk] [pʰɑɹk] [pʰɑːk] [pʰɒək] n
park
ground for recreation

park /pɑɹk/ [pɑɹk] [pʰäːk] [pʰɑɹk] [pʰɑːk] [pʰɒək] v
parkować zaparkować
bring to a halt

parka /ˈpɑɹkə/ /ˈpɑːkə/ n
parka
long jacket

parking /ˈpɑɹkɪŋ/ /ˈpɑːkɪŋ/ n
parking
space
parkowanie zaparkowanie
action

parking attendant n
parkingowy
person who issues tickets for parking violations

parking lot n
parking
open area, generally paved, where automobiles may be left when not in use

parking meter n
parkometr
device for collecting parking fees

parking space n
miejsce parkingowe
space in which a vehicle can be parked

parkour /pɑɹˈkʊɹ/ /pɑːˈkɔː/ /pɑːˈkʊə/ n
parkour
athletic discipline

parley /ˈpɑɹli/ /ˈpɑːleɪ/ /ˈpɑːlɪ/ n
pertraktacje rokowania
conference, especially one between enemies

parley /ˈpɑɹli/ /ˈpɑːleɪ/ /ˈpɑːlɪ/ v
pertraktować
discuss

parliament /ˈpaːləmənt/ /ˈpɑɹləmənt/ /ˈpɑːləmənt/ /ˈpɑːlɪəmənt/ n
parlament sejm
institution with elected or appointed members

parliamentarian /ˌpɑː(ɹ)ləmənˈtɛəɹiən/ n
parlamentarzysta parlamentarzystka
member of parliament

parliamentarism n
parlamentaryzm
parliamentary system of government

parliamentary /ˌpaːləˈment(ə)ɹi/ /ˌpɑɹləˈmɛnt(ə)ɹi/ /ˌpɑːləˈmɛnt(ə)ɹi/ adj
parlamentarny
of, relating to, or enacted by a parliament

parmesan /ˈpɑɹ.məˌʒɑn/ /ˈpɑː(ɹ).məˌzɑːn/ /ˈpɑːməˌzən/ /ˈpɑːmɪˌzæn/ /ˌpɑːmɪˈzæn/ n
parmezan
hard, full-fat Italian cheese from Parma

parochial /pəˈɹoʊki.əl/ /pəˈɹəʊkɪəl/ adj
parafialny
pertaining to a parish
parafiański prowincjonalny zaściankowy
characterized by an unsophisticated focus on local concerns

parody /ˈpæɹədi/ /ˈpɛɹədi/ n
parodia
expression making fun of something else

parody /ˈpæɹədi/ /ˈpɛɹədi/ v
parodiować
to make a parody of something

paronomasia /pæɹənɵˈmeɪzɪə/ /pæɹənɵˈmeɪʒə/ n
annominacja paronomazja
a pun or play on words

paronym n
paronim
word that sounds like another word

parosmia /-ˈɹɑs-/ /-ˈɹɒs-/ /pəˈɹɑz.mi.ə/ /pəˈɹɒz.mɪ.ə/ n
kakosmia parosmia
distorted sense of smell

parousia n
paruzja
Second Coming of Christ

paroxysm /ˈpæ.ɹək.ˌsɪ.zəm/ n
paroksyzm
random or sudden outburst
sudden recurrence of a disease

paroxytone /pəˈɹɒk.sɪˌtəʊn/ adj
paroksytoniczny
paroxytone

parricide /ˈpæ.ɹɪ.saɪd/ n
zabójstwo rodziny
killing of a relative

parrot /ˈpæɹət/ /ˈpɛɹət/ n
papuga
kind of bird
person who repeats what was said

parrot /ˈpæɹət/ /ˈpɛɹət/ v
papugować
to repeat exactly without showing understanding

parrot crossbill n
krzyżodziób sosnowy
Loxia pytyopsittacus

parsable adj
analizowalny dający się parsować

parse /pɑɹs/ /pɑɹz/ /pɑːz/ [pʰɑːz] v
parsować
(computing) to split data into pieces

parseltongue pn
wężomowa
language of snakes in Harry Potter

parsimony /ˈpɑɹ.sə.ˌmoʊ.ni/ /ˈpɑː.sə.ˌməʊ.ni/ n
awarycja oszędność skąpstwo
great reluctance to spend money unnecessarily

parsley /ˈpɑː(ɹ)sli/ n
pietruszka
plant Petroselinum crispum
pietruszka natka pietruszki
leaves of this plant used in cooking

parsnip /ˈpɑɹ.snɪp/ /ˈpɑː.snɪp/ n
pasternak
the edible root of Pastinaca sativa
the plant Pastinaca sativa

part /pɐːt/ /pɑɹt/ /pɑːt/ n
część
fraction of a whole
group inside a larger group
przedziałek
hair dividing line
rola
position or role, especially in a play

part /pɐːt/ /pɑɹt/ /pɑːt/ v
podzielić
to divide in two
rodzielić
to become divided in two or separated; shed
rozstawać rozstać
to leave the company of

part of speech n
część mowy
the function a word or phrase performs

part ways v
rozstawać się rozstać się
go in different directions

part-time adj
na pół etatu niepełnoetatowy
involving less than the normal time

partake /pɑɹˈteɪk/ /pɑːˈteɪk/ v
uczestniczyć
to take part in an activity

parthenogenesis /ˌpɑɹθənoʊˈd͡ʒɛnɪsɪs/ /ˌpɑɹθɪnoʊˈd͡ʒɛnɪsɪs/ /ˌpɑːθənəʊˈd͡ʒɛnɪsɪs/ /ˌpɑːθɪnəʊˈd͡ʒɛnɪsɪs/ n
partenogeneza dzieworództwo
reproduction from a single gamete without fertilisation

partial /ˈpɑɹʃəl/ /ˈpɑːʃəl/ adj
częściowy
existing in part
stronniczy tendencyjny uprzedzony
biased

partial derivative n
pochodna cząstkowa
derivative with respect to one variable

partial differential equation n
równanie różniczkowe cząstkowe
equation

partial fraction n
ułamek częściowy
mathematics: any of several fractions to the sum of which a single fraction is equal

partial sum n
suma częściowa
the sum of the first n terms

partiality /pɐːʃiˈɛlɘti/ /pɐːˈʃɛlɘti/ /pɑɹʃiˈælɪti/ /pɑɹˈʃæləti/ /pɑɹˈʃælɪti/ /pɑːʃiˈalɪti/ /pɑːˈʃaləti/ /pɑːˈʃalɪti/ n
stronniczość tendencyjność
preference

partially /ˈpɑɹʃəli/ /ˈpɑːʃəli/ adv
częściowo
to a partial degree

partially ordered adj
uporządkowany

participant /pɑːɹˈtɪsəpənt/ /pɑːˈtɪsɪpənt/ /pəɹˈtɪsəpənt/ n
uczestnik uczestniczka
one who participates

participate /pɑɹˈtɪsəpeɪt/ /pɑɹˈtɪsəpət/ /pɑːˈtɪsɪpeɪt/ /pɑːˈtɪsɪpət/ v
brać udział uczestniczyć wziąć udział
to join in, to take part, to involve oneself

participation /pɑɹˌtɪsɪˈpeɪʃən/ /pɑːˌtɪsɪˈpeɪʃən/ n
udział uczestnictwo
act of participating

participatory democracy n
demokracja uczestnicząca
Political system

participial adj
imiesłowowy
of or relating to a participle

participle /pɑːˈtɪsɪpəl/ /ˈpɑɹtɪˌsɪpəl/ /ˈpɑːtɪsɪpəl/ n
imiesłów
verb form

particle /ˈpɑɹtɪkəl/ /ˈpɑːtɪk(ə)l/ n
cząstka partykuła
body with very small size
physical object making up the constituent parts of an atom
partykuła cząstka
word that does not obviously belong to any particular part of speech

particle accelerator n
akcelerator akcelerator cząstek
a device that accelerates electrically charged particles to extremely high speeds

particle board n
płyta wiórowa
structural material manufactured from wood particles

particle physics n
fizyka cząstek elementarnych fizyka wielkich energii

particular /pəˈtɪk.jə.lə/ /pəˈtɪk.jə.lɚ/ /pəˈtɪk.jʊ.lə/ /pɚˈtɪk.jə.lɚ/ adj
konkretny
specific; discrete; concrete
specyficzny
specialised; characteristic of a specific person or thing

particularly /pəˈtɪkjəli/ /pəˈtɪkjələli/ /pəˈtɪkjəlɚli/ /pɚˈtɪkjəlɚli/ adv
szczególnie
especially

particulate matter n
cząstki stałe pył zawieszony
solid or liquid in a finely subdivided state

parting /ˈpɑɹtɪŋ/ /ˈpɑːtɪŋ/ n
przedziałek
line dividing hair

partisan /-sən/ /-zən/ /ˈpaː.tɪ.sæn/ /ˈpaː.tɪ.zæn/ /ˈpɑɹ.ɾə.sən/ /ˈpɑɹ.ɾɪ.sən/ /ˈpɑː.tɪˌzæn/ /ˌpɑː.tɪˈzæn/ adj
bojowniczy partyzancki
serving as a commander or member of a body of detached light troops

partisan /-sən/ /-zən/ /ˈpaː.tɪ.sæn/ /ˈpaː.tɪ.zæn/ /ˈpɑɹ.ɾə.sən/ /ˈpɑɹ.ɾɪ.sən/ /ˈpɑː.tɪˌzæn/ /ˌpɑː.tɪˈzæn/ n
zwolenniczka zwolennik
fervent supporter of a party
partyzana kapralski kij
type of spear

partisanship n
stronniczość
an inclination to be partisan

partition /pɑɹˈtɪ.ʃən/ /pɑɹˈtɪ.ʃɪn/ n
partycja
section of a hard disk separately formatted

partitive genitive n
dopełniacz cząstkowy

partly /ˈpɑɹtli/ /ˈpɑːtli/ adv
częściowo po części
in part

partner /ˈpɐːtnə/ /ˈpɑɹtnɚ/ /ˈpɑːtnə(ɹ)/ [ˈpɑɹʔnɚ] n
partner partnerka
dancing partner
either member of a pair in a card game or sports team (1.4)
someone who is associated with another in a common activity or interest
spouse, domestic, or romantic partner
a member of a business or law partnership

partner /ˈpɐːtnə/ /ˈpɑɹtnɚ/ /ˈpɑːtnə(ɹ)/ [ˈpɑɹʔnɚ] v
partnerować
To join as a partner
To work or perform as partner

partnership /ˈpɑɹtnɚʃɪp/ /ˈpɑːtnəʃɪp/ n
partnerstwo
state of being associated with a partner
spółka partnerska
association of two or more people to conduct a business

partridge /ˈpɑɹtɹɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈpɑːtɹɪd͡ʒ/ n
kuropatwa
any bird of the genera Perdix or Alectoris

parturition /ˌpɑː(ɹ)tjʊˈɹɪʃən/ /ˌpɑː(ɹ)t͡ʃəˈɹɪʃən/ n
poród
act of giving birth

party /ˈpɑ(ː)ti/ /ˈpɑɹ.ti/ /ˈpɑː.ti/ [ˈpʰɑ(ː)ɾi] [ˈpʰɑɹɾi] n
przyjęcie impreza
social gathering
strona
law: particular side in a contract or legal action

party /ˈpɑ(ː)ti/ /ˈpɑɹ.ti/ /ˈpɑː.ti/ [ˈpʰɑ(ː)ɾi] [ˈpʰɑɹɾi] v
balować balangować imprezować
to celebrate at a party

party animal n
balangowicz balangowiczka imprezowicz imprezowiczka
person known for frequent, enthusiastic attendance at parties

parvenu /ˈpɑɹ.və.nju/ /ˈpɑɹ.və.nu/ /ˈpɑː.və.njuː/ /ˈpɑː.və.nuː/ n
dorobkiewicz nowobogacki nuworysz parweniusz
a person who has risen, climbed up, or has been promoted to a higher social class

pas /pɑː/ n
pas
step

pascal /pæsˈkæl/ /pæˈskæl/ /ˈpæskl̩/ /ˈpæskəl/ [pʰæsˈkʰæɫ] [pʰæˈskæɫ] n
paskal
SI unit of pressure and stress

pasha /ˈpæʃə/ /ˈpɑʃə/ n
basza pasza pascha
title

paskha n
pascha
Easter dessert

pasque flower n
sasanka
flower of Pulsatilla

pass /pæs/ /pɑːs/ [pʰas] [pʰaːs] [pʰeəs] [pʰeə̯s] [pʰäs] [pʰäːs] [pʰæs] [pʰɐːs] [pʰɑːs] [pʰɛəs] n
przebieg
movement of a tool over something, or something over a tool
przepustka
document granting permission to pass or to go and come
przełęcz
opening, road, or track, available for passing

pass /pæs/ /pɑːs/ [pʰas] [pʰaːs] [pʰeəs] [pʰeə̯s] [pʰäs] [pʰäːs] [pʰæs] [pʰɐːs] [pʰɑːs] [pʰɛəs] v
odchodzić odejść umierać umrzeć zdechnąć zdychać
to die
podawać podać
to move or be moved from one place to another

pass away v
odejść
to die (euphemistic)

pass down v
przekazać
to hand over

pass judgment v
wyrokować

pass out v
rozdawać rozdać
to distribute
stracić przytomność
to faint

pass under the yoke v
przegrać

pass unnoticed v
przechodzić niezauważenie przejść niezauważenie

passable adj
przekraczalny
That may be passed or traversed

passage /ˈpæsɪd͡ʒ/ n
pasaż
passageway
section of text or music

passageway n
przejście
covered walkway

passcode n
hasło kod dostępu
string of characters used for authentication on a digital device

passenger /ˈpæsənd͡ʒə/ /ˈpæsənd͡ʒɚ/ /ˈpæsɪnd͡ʒə/ /ˈpæsɪnd͡ʒɚ/ n
pasażer pasażerka
one who rides or travels in a vehicle

passenger pigeon n
gołąb wędrowny
an extinct bird of the species Ectopistes migratorius

passenger ship n
statek pasażerski
type of ship

passer-by /ˈpæs.ɚˌbaɪ/ /ˈpɑː.sə.baɪ/ /ˈpɑː.sə.bɑɪ/ n
przechodzień
a person who is passing by

passing /ˈpɑːsɪŋ/ adj
przelotny
that passes away; ephemeral

passing loop n
mijanka
place where two trains can pass each other

passing note n
dźwięk przejściowy

passion /ˈpæʃən/ [ˈpʰæʃən] n
męka pasja
suffering of Jesus
pasja
fervor, determination
object of passionate love or strong interest
commemoration of the suffering of Jesus
pasja namiętność
any great emotion

passion fruit n
marakuja
edible fruit
plant

passionate /ˈpæʃənət/ /ˈpæʃənɪt/ adj
namiętny
fired with intense feeling

passionflower n
męczennica passiflora
plant of the genus Passiflora
flower

passionless adj
beznamiętny

passionlessly adv
beznamiętnie

passionlessness n
beznamiętność

passive /ˈpæs.ɪv/ adj
bierny
grammar: being in the passive voice
not active, but acted upon
taking no action

passive /ˈpæs.ɪv/ n
strona bierna
form of verb

passive euthanasia n
eutanazja bierna

passive participle n
imiesłów przymiotnikowy bierny
passive participle

passive smoker n
bierny palacz
non-smoker that suffers the consequences of tobacco due to inhalation by nearby smokers

passive smoking n
bierne palenie
inhalation of smoke from somebody else's tobacco

passive vocabulary n
słownik bierny
words and phrases that someone understands but does not commonly use

passive voice n
strona bierna
grammatical term

passively /ˈpæs.ɪv.li/ adv
biernie pasywnie
in a passive manner; without conscious or self-directed action

passivity /pæˈsɪvɪti/ n
bierność pasywność
the state of being passive

passport /ˈpæspɔɹt/ /ˈpɑːspɔːt/ n
paszport
official document for foreign travel

passportless adj
bezpaszportowy

password /ˈpæswɜːd/ /ˈpæswɝd/ /ˈpɑːswɜː(ɹ)d/ n
hasło
computing: string of characters known only to a user
hasło parol
word used to gain admittance

passé /pæˈseɪ/ /ˈpæ.seɪ/ adj
passé
dated; out of style; old-fashioned

past /pæst/ /pɑːst/ adj
ubiegły miniony przeszły
having already happened; in the past

past /pæst/ /pɑːst/ n
czas przeszły przeszłość
(grammar) past tense
przeszłość
period of time that has already happened

past participle n
imiesłów czasu przeszłego
past participle

past perfect n
czas zaprzeszły
tense

past tense n
czas przeszły
grammatical form

pasta /ˈpæstə/ /ˈpɐːstɘ/ /ˈpɐːstə/ /ˈpɑstə/ n
makaron
dough

pasta e fagioli /ˌpastə faˈdʒəʊlɪ/ /ˌpastə ɛ faˈdʒəʊlɪ/ n
makaron z fasolą
soup made with pasta and beans

paste /peɪst/ v
wklejać
to insert a piece of text

pastellist n
pastelista pastelistka
an artist who works in pastels

pastern /ˈpæstən/ /ˈpæstəɹn/ /ˈpæstɜːn/ n
pęcina
area on a horse's leg

pasteurisation n
pasteryzacja
treatment of perishable food

pasteurize /ˈpæst͡ʃəɹaɪz/ /ˈpɑːstʃəɹaɪz/ v
pasteryzować
to heat food in order to kill harmful organisms

pastiche /pæsˈtiːʃ/ n
pastisz
work that imitates the work of a previous artist

pastille /pæsˈtil/ /ˈpæst(ɪ)l/ n
pastylka
medicinal pill
candy- or sweet-like lozenge, which, when sucked, releases substances that soothe a sore throat, and sometimes vapours to help unblock the nose or sinuses
pastylka landrynka
often round and somewhat flat flavoured candy or sweet

pastime /ˈpæs.taɪm/ /ˈpɑːs.taɪm/ n
rozrywka
that which amuses

pastirma n
pasturma
highly seasoned, air-dried cured beef

pastor /ˈpæstɚ/ /ˈpɑːstə/ n
pastor
a minister or priest
proboszcz
main priest serving a parish

pastoral /ˈpæs.tə.ɹəl/ /ˈpɑːstə.ɹəl/ /ˌpæsˈtɔːɹəl/ adj
pasterski
of or pertaining to shepherds
pastoralny duszpasterski pasterski
relating to the care of souls, or to the pastor of a church

pastoral /ˈpæs.tə.ɹəl/ /ˈpɑːstə.ɹəl/ /ˌpæsˈtɔːɹəl/ n
list pasterski
letter of the house of bishops
sielanka
poem

pastry /ˈpeɪstɹi/ n
pieczywo cukiernicze wypiek
food group

pastry bag n
kornet rękaw cukierniczy
bag used to pipe cakes with icing

pastry chef n
cukiernik
baker of pastry products

pasture /ˈpæs.tɚ/ /ˈpæs.t͡ʃɚ/ /ˈpɑːs.tjə/ /ˈpɑːs.t͡ʃə/ n
pastwisko
land on which cattle can be kept for feeding

pasture /ˈpæs.tɚ/ /ˈpæs.t͡ʃɚ/ /ˈpɑːs.tjə/ /ˈpɑːs.t͡ʃə/ v
paść
to herd animals into a pasture

patagium /pætəˈd͡ʒaɪəm/ /pəˈteɪd͡ʒi.əm/ n
błona lotna
thin membrane that extends between the limbs and body of gliding mammals

patch /pæt͡ʃ/ n
flejtuch
piece of greased cloth used to fit a rifle ball to the bore
łata
computing: file describing changes made to source code
łata łatka
piece of cloth used to repair a garment

patch /pæt͡ʃ/ v
załatać łatać
mend by sewing on cloth

patch file n
łata
input to a patch program

patchouli /pəˈt͡ʃuli/ n
paczulka
any of several East Indian plants

paten /ˈpætən/ n
patena
plate for the host during Eucharist

patent /peɪ-/ /pæ-/ /ˈpeɪ-/ /ˈpeɪtənt/ /ˈpæ-/ /ˈpætənt/ [pʰe̞ɪ-] [pʰæ̝ʔn̩t̚] adj
oczywisty
explicit and obvious

patent /peɪ-/ /pæ-/ /ˈpeɪ-/ /ˈpeɪtənt/ /ˈpæ-/ /ˈpætənt/ [pʰe̞ɪ-] [pʰæ̝ʔn̩t̚] n
patent
declaration issued by a government agency that the inventor of a new invention has the sole privilege of making, selling, or using the claimed invention for a specified period

patent /peɪ-/ /pæ-/ /ˈpeɪ-/ /ˈpeɪtənt/ /ˈpæ-/ /ˈpætənt/ [pʰe̞ɪ-] [pʰæ̝ʔn̩t̚] v
opatentować patentować
to (successfully) register (a new invention) with a government agency to obtain the sole privilege of its manufacture, sale, and use for a specified period

patent leather n
skóra lakierowana
glossy leather

patent troll /ˈpætənt ˌtɹoʊl/ /ˈpætənt ˌtɹəʊl/ n
troll patentowy
company, person, etc., that owns and enforces patents in an aggressive and opportunistic manner

paternal /pəˈtɜː(ɹ)nəl/ adj
ojcowski
of or pertaining to one's father
fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father
po mieczu
received or inherited from one's father

paternal aunt n
ciotka ojczysta stryjenka
the sister or sister-in-law of someone's father

paternal grandfather n
dziadek ojczysty dziadek po mieczu
one's father's father

paternal uncle n
stryj wujek stryjek wuj
brother of one's father

paternity leave n
urlop ojcowski
leave of absence from a job for a father to care of a baby

path /pæθ/ /pɑːθ/ [pʰaθ] [pʰeəθ] [pʰäːθ] [pʰæθ] [pʰɐːθ] [pʰɑːθ] [pʰɛəθ] n
ścieżka
computing: a specification for a location within a hierarchical or tree-like structure
a trail for the use of, or worn by, pedestrians

path of least resistance n
linia najmniejszego oporu

pathetic /pəˈθɛtɪk/ adj
żałosne żałosny
arousing pity, sympathy, or compassion
żałosny
arousing scorn or contempt

pathogen /ˈpæθəd͡ʒn̩/ n
patogen
any organism or substance that causes disease

pathogenesis n
patogeneza
pathogenesis

pathogenic adj
chorobotwórczy patogenny
able to cause disease

pathological adj
patologiczny zwyrodniały
pertaining to pathology

pathologically adv
patologicznie
in a pathological manner

pathologist n
patolog
expert in pathology

pathology /pəˈθɒləd͡ʒi/ n
patologia
branch of medicine
abnormality
medical specialty

pathophysiology n
fizjologia patologiczna
physiological processes associated with disease or injury

pathos /ˈpeɪˌθoʊs/ /ˈpeɪˌθɑs/ /ˈpeɪˌθɒs/ /ˈpeɪˌθɔs/ /ˈpæˌθoʊs/ n
patos
the quality or property of anything which touches the feelings or excites emotions

patience /ˈpeɪʃəns/ n
cierpliwość
quality of being patient
pasjans
game that can be played by one person

patience of Job n
anielska cierpliwość
great amount of patience

patient /ˈpeɪʃənt/ adj
cierpliwy
not losing one's temper while waiting

patient /ˈpeɪʃənt/ n
pacjens
linguistics
pacjent pacjentka chora chory
someone who receives treatment from a doctor

patiently /ˈpeɪʃəntli/ adv
cierpliwie
in a patient manner

patina /pəˈtiː.nə/ /ˈpæ.tɪ.nə/ /ˈpætɪnə/ n
patena
receptacle
patyna śniedź
colour or incrustation which age and wear give to objects

patio /ˈpæti.əʊ/ /ˈpætioʊ/ n
patio
an inner courtyard typical of traditional Spanish houses
weranda
a paved outside area, adjoining a house, used for dining or recreation

patriarch /ˈpeɪtɹɪɑːk/ /ˈpeɪt͡ʃɹiɑɹk/ /ˈpætɹiɑːk/ n
patriarcha
highest bishop
male leader

patriarchate /ˈpeɪtɹiɑːkət/ /ˈpeɪtɹiˌɑɹkeɪt/ /ˈpeɪtɹiˌɑɹkət/ /ˈpætɹiɑːkət/ n
patriarchat
office or ecclesial jurisdiction

patriarchy /ˈpejt͡ʃɹiɑɹki/ /ˈpeɪ̯tɹɪɑːkɪ/ /ˈpætɹɪɑːkɪ/ /ˈpɛjtɹɪjɑːkɪj/ n
patriarchat
social system
dominance of men in social or cultural systems
power structure

patrician /pətɹˈɪʃən/ n
patrycjusz patrycjuszka
member of Roman aristocracy

patricide /ˈpætɹɪsaɪd/ n
ojcobójstwo
murder of one's father
ojcobójca ojcobójczyni
murderer of own father

patriot /ˈpeɪ.tɹi.ət/ /ˈpæ.tɹi.ət/ n
patriota patriotka
person who loves, supports and defends his country

patriotic /peɪ.tɹi.ˈɑ.tɪk/ /peɪ.tɹi.ˈɒ.tɪk/ /pæt.ɹi.ˈɒ.tɪk/ adj
patriotyczny
inspired by patriotism

patriotism /ˈpeɪtɹi.əˌtɪzəm/ /ˈpætɹi.əˌtɪzəm/ n
patriotyzm
love of one's own country

patristic adj
patrystyczny
pertaining to early Christian church leaders

patristics n
patrystyka
patristics

patrol /pəˈtɹoʊl/ /pəˈtɹəʊl/ n
patrol
going of the rounds
guards who go the rounds for observation
movement by a small body of troops beyond the line of outposts

patrology /pəˈtɹɒlədʒi/ n
patrologia
the study of the Church Fathers

patron saint /ˈpeɪtɹən ˈseɪnt/ n
święty patron
saint from whom a specific group claims special protection or prayer

patronize /ˈpeɪtɹənaɪz/ /ˈpætɹənaɪz/ v
patronować
to act as a patron of; to defend, protect, support
wywyższać się
to assume a tone of unjustified superiority

pattern /ˈpatn̩/ /ˈpatən/ /ˈpætɚn/ n
blejer wzór
that from which a copy is made
deseń wzór
motif or decoration
wykrój
the paper or cardboard template from which the parts of a garment are traced onto fabric prior to cutting out

pattern recognition n
rozpoznawanie wzorców

patty /ˈpæti/ n
hamburger kotlet mielony
portion of ground meat or vegetarian equivalent

pattypan squash n
patison
squash

paucity /ˈpɑsɪti/ /ˈpɔsɪti/ n
niedostatek
fewness in number; a small number

paunch /pɑːntʃ/ /pɔːnt͡ʃ/ n
bebech
large, protruding belly

paunchy /pˈɔːnt͡ʃi/ adj
brzuchaty
having a paunch

pauper /ˈpɑpɚ/ /ˈpɔpɚ/ /ˈpɔːpə/ n
biedak nędzarz ubogi żebrak
one who is extremely poor

pause /pɑz/ /pɔz/ /pɔːz/ n
przerwa pauza
temporary stop or rest

pause /pɑz/ /pɔz/ /pɔːz/ v
przerywać pauzować
to interrupt something

pavement /ˈpeɪvmənt/ n
bruk nawierzchnia drogi
surface of road

paver /ˈpeɪvɚ/ n
bruk
stone used for paving
brukarz
one who paves

pavilion /pəˈvɪljən/ n
pawilon
detached / semi-detached building in a building complex
structure erected to house exhibits at a fair, etc

pavis /ˈpɑv.ɪs/ n
pawęż
large shield

pavonine /-nɪn/ /ˈpævəˌnaɪn/ adj
pawi
of or pertaining to the genus Pavo

paw /poː/ /pɑ/ /pɔ/ /pɔː/ n
łapa
soft foot of an animal

paw /poː/ /pɑ/ /pɔ/ /pɔː/ v
macać obmacać obmacywać pomacać
to touch someone (with the hands) in a sexual way

pawa n
słuchotka ucho morskie
edible univalve mollusc

pawl /pɑl/ /pɔːl/ n
zapadka
pawl

pawn /pɑn/ /pɑɒn/ /pɔn/ /pɔːn/ n
pionek
someone who is being manipulated
pionek pion
chess piece

pawnbroker /ˈpɔːnˌbɹəʊ.kə(ɹ)/ n
lombardzista
person who makes monetary loans at interest, taking personal property as security

pawnshop /ˈpɔnʃɑp/ /ˈpɔːnʃɒp/ n
lombard
business premises of a pawnbroker

pay /peɪ/ [pʰeɪ] n
pensja płaca
money given in return for work

pay /peɪ/ [pʰeɪ] v
płacić zapłacić
to give money in exchange for goods or services
intransitive: to suffer consequences

pay a visit v
składać wizytę złożyć wizytę
to visit

pay attention v
zwracać uwagę zwrócić uwagę
to be attentive

pay off v
opłacać się opłacić się
to become worthwhile; to produce a net benefit
opłacać opłacić
to pay back; to repay

pay rise n
podwyżka
increase in pay

pay the bills v
płacić rachunki
provide enough income

pay through the nose v
przepłacać przepłacić
to pay a high price

pay-off /ˈpeɪ.ɒf/ /ˈpeɪ.ɔːf/ n
spłata
a payment
łapówka
a bribe

paycheck /ˈpeɪ.t͡ʃɛk/ n
wypłata
money received on payday as payment for work performed

payday /ˈpeɪdeɪ/ n
dzień wypłaty
day on which an employee's salary is paid

payday loan n
chwilówka
loan

payer /ˈpeɪ.ɚ/ n
płatniczka płatnik
one who pays

payment /ˈpeɪmənt/ n
wypłata zapłata opłata płatność
the act of paying
zapłata
a sum of money paid in exchange for goods or services

payment card n
karta płatnicza
card

payment order n
asygnata
instruction to pay or cause a bank to pay an amount of money

payphone n
automat automat telefoniczny telefon samoinkasujący
a public telephone

payroll /ˈpeɪɹoʊl/ /ˈpeɪɹəʊl/ n
lista płac
list of employees who receive salary or wages, together with the amounts due to each

payroll tax n
podatek od wynagrodzeń

payslip n
pasek wynagrodzenia
document of employee's wage or salary

paywall /ˈpeɪ.wɔːl/ n
paywall
a feature of a website that only allows access to paying subscribers

pea /piː/ n
groch groszek
edible seed
plant

pea soup adj
grochówka grochowa zupa grochowa
soup made from peas

peace /piːs/ n
pokój mir
state of being free from war
pokój spokój
harmony; lack of conflict in personal relations
pokój spokój mir
tranquility, quiet, harmony; absence of violence
spokój pokój
state of mind

peace and quiet n
święty spokój
tranquility

peace be upon him /piːs biː əˈpɒn ˈhɪm/ interjection
niech pokój będzie z nim pokój niech będzie z nim
honorific phrase used by Muslims

peace of mind n
spokój umysłu
absence of mental stress

peace pipe n
fajka pokoju
pipe

peace sign n
pacyfa
peace sign

peace talks n
rozmowy pokojowe
discussions between nation-states held to resolve conflict

peaceability n
bezkonfliktowość

peaceable /ˈpiːsəb(ə)l/ adj
bezkonfliktowy
in favour of peace

peaceableness n
bezkonfliktowość

peaceful /ˈpiːsfəl/ adj
bezkonfliktowy
inclined to peace; peaceable
pokojowy
not at war or disturbed by strife or turmoil
spokojny
motionless and calm; placid

peacefully /ˈpiːsfəli/ adv
spokojnie
in a peaceful manner

peacefulness n
bezkonfliktowość
state of being peaceful

peacekeeper n
stróż bezpieczeństwa
member of a military force charged with peacekeeping duties

peacekeeping /ˈpiːskiːpɪŋ/ n
utrzymywanie pokoju
preserving peace

peacemaker /ˈpiːsmeɪkə(ɹ)/ n
negocjator pokojowy rozjemca rozjemczyni
someone who restores peace, especially by settling disputes

peacetime /ˈpiːstaɪm/ n
okres pokoju okres pokojowy
period of peace

peach /piːt͡ʃ/ n
brzoskwinia
fruit
tree
brzoskwiniowy brzoskwinia
colour

peach blossom n
kwiat brzoskwini
flower
odrzyca malinówka plamówka malinówka
moth

peach fuzz n
koper
sparse hair

peacock /ˈpikɑk/ /ˈpiːkɒk/ n
paw pawica
pheasant of one of the genera Pavo and Afropavo

peafowl /ˈpiːˌfaʊl/ n
paw
pheasant of the genera Pavo or Afropavo

peahen /ˈpiː.hɛn/ n
pawica
female of peafowl

peak /piːk/ n
szczyt wierzchołek wierch
mountain top

peanut /ˈpinət/ /ˈpiˌnʌt/ /ˈpiːˌnʌt/ n
orzeszek ziemny arachid fistaszek orzech arachidowy orzech ziemny żydek
a legume resembling a nut

peanut butter /ˈpi.nʌtˌbʌ.tɚ/ /ˈpiːnʌtˌbʌ.tə/ /ˌpiːnʌtˈbʌ.tə/ n
masło orzechowe
spread made from ground peanuts

peanutty adj
arachidowy
pertaining to peanuts

pear /pɛə/ /pɛɚ/ /ˈpiːə(r)/ [pʰeə] n
grusza gruszka
tree
gruszka
fruit

pear tree /ˌpɛə ˈtɹiː/ /ˌpɛɚ ˈtɹi/ n
grusza
tree of the genus Pyrus

pear-shaped adj
gruszkowaty
shaped like a pear

pearl /pɜːl/ /pɝl/ [pʰəːɫ] [pʰɚɫ] n
perła
rounded shelly concretion produced by certain mollusks
figuratively: something precious
5-point type

pearl barley n
kasza perłowa
barley with the husk and bran removed

pearl necklace n
perłowy naszyjnik sznur pereł
necklace made of pearls

pearl of wisdom n
perły mądrości
succinct, insightful saying, piece of advice, or moral precept

pearly antshrike n
chronka perlista
passerine bird

peasant /ˈpɛzənt/ n
chłop włościanin chłopka włościanka
member of the agriculture low class
wieśniak
uncouth, crude, or ill-bred person

peasantly adj
chamsko wieśniacko
like a peasant

peasantry /ˈpɛzəntɹi/ n
chłopstwo
impoverished rural farm workers

peashooter /ˈpiˌʃutəɹ/ /ˈpiːˌʃuːtə(ɹ)/ [-ɾəɹ] n
pukawka
toy weapon

peat /piːt/ n
torf
soil

peatland n
torfowisko

pebble /ˈpɛb.əl/ n
kamyk kamyczek
stone
otoczak
rock fragment between 4 and 64 millimetres in diameter

pecan /piːˈkæn/ /piːˈkɑːn/ /pəˈkɑːn/ /pəˈkɒn/ /pəˈkɔːn/ /pɪˈkæn/ /pɪˈkɑːn/ /pɪˈkɔːn/ /ˈpiːkæn/ /ˈpiːkɑːn/ /ˈpiːkən/ /ˈpɪkæn/ n
orzesznik jadalny pekan
tree
pekan
nut

peck /pɛk/ n
cmoknięcie
short kiss

peck /pɛk/ v
dziobać
to strike or pierce with the beak or similar

pecking order n
porządek dziobania
The usually informal hierarchy of authority or command, often partial or approximate

peckish /ˈpek.ɪʃ/ /ˈpɛk.ɪʃ/ adj
głodnawy
mildly hungry

pectin /ˈpɛktɪn/ n
pektyna
substance

pectoral /pɛkˈtoɹəl/ /ˈpɛk.tə.ɹəl/ adj
piersiowy
of or pertaining to the breast or chest

pectoral sandpiper n
biegus arktyczny
Calidris melanotos

peculiar /pəˈkjul.jɚ/ /pəˈkjuːl.jə/ adj
osobliwy
out of the ordinary

peculiarity /pɪˌkjuliˈɛɹɪti/ /pɪˌkjuːliˈæɹɪti/ n
specyfika swoistość
that which is peculiar

peculiarly /pɪˈkjuljɚli/ /pɪˈkjuːljəli/ adv
dziwnie osobliwie
Such as to be strange or odd
specyficznie szczególnie
Such as to be greater than usual

pecuniary /pəˈkjuniɛɹi/ /pɪˈkjuːn(jə)ɹi/ adj
pieniężny walutowy
of or relating to money

pedagogical adj
pedagogiczny
of, or relating to pedagogy
wyniosły
haughty and formal

pedagogue /ˈpɛdəɡɒɡ/ n
pedagog pedagożka
teacher

pedagogy /ˈpɛdəˌɡoʊd͡ʒi/ /ˈpɛdəˌɡɑd͡ʒi/ /ˈpɛdəˌɡɒd͡ʒi/ /ˈpɛdəˌɡɒɡi/ n
pedagogika
profession of teaching

pedal /ˈpiːdəl/ /ˈpɛdəl/ adj
nożny
of or relating to the foot

pedal /ˈpiːdəl/ /ˈpɛdəl/ n
pedał
lever operated by one’s foot

pedal /ˈpiːdəl/ /ˈpɛdəl/ v
pedałować
to operate a pedal

pedal point n
nuta pedałowa
sustained bass pitch

pedal pushers /ˈpɛdl̩ ˌpʊʃəz/ /ˈpɛdəl ˌpʊʃɚz/ n
rybaczki
women’s casual trousers, usually fairly form-fitting, that end at the calves

pedalo /ˈpɛdələʊ/ n
rower wodny
small boat propelled by pedals

pedant /ˈpɛdənt/ n
pedant pedantka
person overly concerned with formal rules and trivial points of learning

pedantry /ˈpɛd.ən.tɹi/ n
pedanteria
excessive attention to detail or rules

peddle /ˈpɛdəl/ v
rozpowszechniać
to spread or cause to spread

peddler n
domokrążca
itinerant seller of small goods

pedelec n
Pedelec
electrically assisted bicycle

pederast /ˈpi.də.ɹæst/ /ˈpɛd.ɚ.ɹæst/ n
pederasta
practitioner of pederasty

pederasty /ˈpi.də.ɹæs.ti/ /ˈpɛd.ə.ɹæs.ti/ /ˈpɛd.ə.ɹəs.ti/ n
pederastia efebofilia
pederasty

pedestal /ˈpɛdɪstəl/ /ˈpɛdɪsˌtuːl/ n
piedestał postument
the base or foot of a column, statue, vase, lamp, or the like

pedestrian /pəˈdɛst.ɹi.ən/ adj
pieszy dla pieszych
of or intended for pedestrians
przyziemny
ordinary

pedestrian /pəˈdɛst.ɹi.ən/ n
pieszy
somebody walking rather than using a vehicle

pedestrian crossing n
przejście dla pieszych
place for pedestrians to cross a street

pedestrian precinct n
deptak strefa dla pieszych
area for pedestrians

pediatrician /piːdɪəˈtɹɪʃ(ə)n/ /ˌpidi.əˈtɹɪʃ(ə)n/ n
pediatra
physician who specialises in pediatrics

pediatrics /ˌpidiˈætɹɪks/ /ˌpiːdɪˈætɹɪks/ n
pediatria
branch of medicine

pedicel /ˈpɛd.əˌsɛl/ /ˈpɛd.ɪs.əl/ n
szypułka
stalk of an individual flower

pediculosis n
wszawica

pedicure /ˈpɛ.dɪ.kjʊɹ/ n
pedicure pedikiur
superficial cosmetic treatment of the feet and toenails

pedigree /ˈpɛd.ɪ.ɡɹi/ n
rodowód
chart of ancestors

pediment /ˈpɛd.ɪ.mənt/ n
fronton przyczółek
architectural element

pedipalp n
szczękonóżka
appendage

pedometer /pɪˈdɑmətɚ/ /pɪˈdɒmətə/ n
krokomierz
device

pedophile /ˈpe.dəˌfɑel/ /ˈpiː.dəˌfaɪl/ /ˈpɛ.doʊˌfaɪl/ /ˈpɛ.dəʉˌfɑel/ /ˈpɛ.dəˌfaɪl/ n
pedofil
an adult who is sexually attracted to children

pedophilia /ˌpe.dəˈfɪ.li.ə/ /ˌpiː.dəˈfɪ.li.ə/ /ˌpɛ.dəˈfi.li.ə/ n
pedofilia
sexual feeling or desire by adults towards children

pedophilic adj
pedofilski
of, relating to, or pertaining to pedophilia

pedosexual adj
pedoseksualny
constituting sexual activity between adults and children

peduncle /pɪˈdʌŋ.k(ə)l/ n
szypuła
botany: axis or supporting stalk of inflorescence

pedunculate oak n
dąb szypułkowy
species within the family Fagaceae

pee /ˈpiː/ n
siusiu siki
pe
name of the letter P, p

pee /ˈpiː/ v
sikać siusiać

peekaboo n
a kuku
game for small children

peel /piːl/ [pʰiəɫ] [pʰiːɫ] n
peeling
cosmetic preparation
skórka obierek obierka obierzyna
skin of a fruit
lofer łopata
spadelike implement for removing loaves from an oven

peel /piːl/ [pʰiəɫ] [pʰiːɫ] v
obierać
to remove skin

peeler /ˈpiːlə/ /ˈpiːlɚ/ n
obieraczka
kitchen utensil

peen /piːn/ n
rąb
end of the head of a hammer opposite the main hammering end

peephole /piphoʊl/ /piːphəʊl/ [pʰiphoʊɫ] n
judasz wizjer
hole

peer /pɪə/ /pɪɹ/ n
jednolatek jednolatka rówieśnica rówieśniczka rówieśnik
someone of same age
kolega koleżanka
comrade, companion, associate
par
noble

peer pressure n
presja rówieśnicza presja rówieśników
inducement by one's peers

peer review n
recenzowanie
scholarly process

peer-reviewed journal n
recenzowane czasopismo naukowe

peerless adj
bezkonkurencyjny
without peer or equal

peerlessly adv
bezkonkurencyjnie

peg /pɛɡ/ [pʰɛɡ] n
klamerka spinacz
clothes peg
kołek
a cylindrical object

pegasus n
pegaz
winged horse

peignoir n
peniuar
a long outer garment for women

pejorative /pəˈd͡ʒɔɹətəv/ /pɪˈd͡ʒɑɹətɪv/ /pɪˈd͡ʒɒɹətɪv/ /pɪˈd͡ʒɔɹətɪv/ adj
pejoratywny
disparaging, belittling or derogatory

pelargonium n
pelargonia muszkatel
flower of the genus Pelargonium

peled n
peluga
Coregonus peled

pelerine n
peleryna

pelican /ˈpɛl.ə.kən/ /ˈpɛl.ɪ.kən/ n
pelikan
any of various seabirds of the family Pelecanidae

pell-mell /ˈpɛlˈmɛl/ adv
bezładnie
in haste and chaos

pellet /ˈpɛlɪt/ n
granulka
A small, compressed, hard chunk of matter
śrut
A lead projectile used as ammunition in rifled air guns

pelmeni n
pielmeni pielmeń
Russian dumplings

peloton /ˈpɛlətɒn/ /ˌpɛləˈtɑn/ n
peleton
group of riders formed during a cycling road race; especially, the main group of riders

pelt /pɛlt/ n
skóra
skin of an animal with the hair or wool on
(humorous, informal) human skin, especially when bare

pelt /pɛlt/ v
obrzucać obrzucić
to bombard (someone or something) with missiles

peltmonger n
kuśnierz futrzarka futrzarz kuśnierka
person who sells, makes and deals otherwise with fur

pelvic /ˈpɛlvɪk/ adj
miednicowy
of, pertaining to, or in the region of, the pelvis; as, pelvic cellulitis

pelvic floor n
przepona miednicy
muscular partition

pelvis /ˈpɛlvɪs/ n
miednica
bone

pemmican /ˈpɛmɪkən/ n
pemikan
food mixture

pen /pɛn/ /pɪn/ n
wybieg
enclosure (enclosed area) for animals
pióro długopis
writing tool
łabędzica
female swan

pen /pɛn/ /pɪn/ v
pisać
to write

pen name n
literacki pseudonim
writer's pseudonym

pen pal n
przyjaciel korespondencyjny przyjaciółka korespondencyjna
friend with whom one communicates using letters

penal /ˈpiːnəl/ adj
karny
of or relating to punishment

penalty /ˈpɛnəlti/ n
kara
punishment for violating rules of procedure
legal sentence

penalty area n
pole karne
area on a soccer pitch

penalty goal n
bramka strzelona z rzutu karnego bramka z rzutu karnego bramka zdobyta z rzutu karnego gol strzelony z rzutu karnego gol z rzutu karnego gol zdobyty z rzutu karnego
goal scored from a penalty

penalty kick n
rzut karny
soccer: form of direct free kick

penalty shootout n
seria rzutów karnych
a series of penalty kicks

penalty shot n
rzut karny
ice hockey: type of penalty

penance /ˈpɛn.əns/ n
pokuta
voluntary self-imposed punishment

penchant /ˈpɒnʃɒn/ /ˈpɛnt͡ʃənt/ [ˈpɑ̃ʃɑ̃] n
skłonność smykałka
taste, liking, or inclination (for)

pencil /ˈpɛnsəl/ /ˈpɛnsɪl/ /ˈpɛntsəl/ n
ołówek
graphite writing-instrument

pencil case /ˈpɛnsəl ˌkeɪs/ /ˈpɛnsɪl ˌkeɪs/ n
piórnik
object purposed to contain stationery

pencil pusher n
biurokrata gryzipiórek urzędas zarękawek
one who does office work

pencil sharpener n
temperówka
device used to sharpen pencils

pendant /ˈpɛnd(ə)nt/ n
wisiorek brelok wisior
a piece of jewellery hung from a chain worn around the neck

penduline tit n
remizy
bird

pendulum /ˈpɛnd͡ʒələm/ /ˈpɪnd͡ʒələm/ n
wahadło
body suspended from a fixed support

pendulum clock n
zegar wahadłowy
clock that uses a pendulum

penetrate /ˈpɛnətɹeɪt/ /ˈpɛnɪtɹeɪt/ v
penetrować przenikać przeniknąć spenetrować
enter into
penetrować spenetrować
insert the penis into an opening, such as a vagina

penetration /pɛnɪˈtɹeɪʃ(ə)n/ n
penetracja
act of penetrating

penguin /ˈpɛŋɡwɪn/ /ˈpɪŋɡwɪn/ n
pingwin bezlotek
flightless sea bird

penguinarium n
pingwinarium
vivarium for penguins

peniaphobia n
peniafobia
fear of poverty and/or poor people

penicillin /ˌpɛn.ɪˈsɪl.ɪn/ n
penicylina
antibiotic

penile /ˈpiː.naɪ.əl/ /ˈpiː.nəl/ adj
penisowy prąciowy
having to do with the penis

peninsula /pəˈnɪn.sjə.lə/ /pəˈnɪn.sə.lə/ /pəˈnɪn.ʃə.lə/ /ˈpɛn.ɪn.sjʊ.lə/ n
półwysep
piece of land projecting into water

peninsular /pəˈnɪn.sjə.lə(ɹ)/ /pəˈnɪn.sə.ləɹ/ /pəˈnɪn.ʃə.lə(ɹ)/ /ˈpɛn.ɪn.sjʊ.lə(ɹ)/ adj
półwyspowy
of or connected with a peninsula

penis /ˈpi.nɪs/ /ˈpiː.nɪs/ [ˈpʰi.nɪs] [ˈpʰiː.nɪs] n
penis prącie członek kutas

penis envy n
zazdrość o członek
unconscious desire

penitente n
penitent
A tall thin blade of hardened snow or ice, found closely spaced in large quantities at high altitudes

penitentiary /ˌpɛnɪˈtɛnʃəɹi/ adj
więzienny
of or relating to prison

penknife n
scyzoryk

pennant /ˈpɛnənt/ n
proporzec
flag on ship to represent special condition

penniless /ˈpɛ.nɪ.ləs/ adj
bez grosza przy duszy
utterly without money

pennon /ˈpɛnən/ n
proporzec
a thin triangular flag or streamer

penny farthing n
bicykl
bicycle

penny for your thoughts /ˈpɛn.i fɔɹ jʊɹ ˈθɑts/ /ˈpɛn.i fɔɹ jʊɹ ˈθɔts/ /ˈpɛn.i fɔː jɔː ˈθɔːts/ /ˈpɛn.i fəː jəː ˈθɔːts/ /ˈpɛn.i fɚ jɚ ˈθɑts/ phraseologicalUnit
grosik za twoje myśli
inquiry into the thoughts

pension /pɑnˈsjoʊn/ /pɑ̃ˈsjɔ̃/ /ˈpɒ̃sjɒ̃/ n
pensjonat
boarding house

pension /ˈpɛnʃən/ n
emerytura
regular payment due to a person in consideration of past services

pension plan n
plan emerytalny program emerytalny

pensioner /ˈpɛnʃənə/ /ˈpɛnʃənɚ/ n
emeryt emerytka
someone who lives on a pension

pensive /ˈpɛn.sɪv/ adj
zamyślony zadumany
having the appearance of thinking

penta- /pɛntæ-/ /pɛntə-/ prefix
penta-
five

pentachloride n
pentachlorek
pentachloride

pentacontagon n
50[[kąt|-okąt]]
50-sided polygon

pentadecagon /ˌpɛntəˈdɛkəɡən/ n
piętnastokąt
15-sided polygon

pentadecahedron n
piętnastościan

pentadecane n
pentadekan

pentagon /ˈpɛn.tə.ɡɑn/ /ˈpɛn.tə.ɡɒn/ /ˈpɛn.tə.ɡən/ n
pięciokąt
a polygon with five sides and five angles

pentagram /ˈpɛn.tə.ɡɹæm/ n
pentagram gwiazda pitagorejska
shape of five-pointed star

pentakis dodecahedron n
dwunastościan Pentakisa
Catalan solid

pentalingual adj
pięciojęzyczny
able to use five languages
written in five languages

pentalogy n
pentalogia
series of five related works of art

pentameter /pɛnˈtæmɪtə(ɹ)/ n
pentametr pięciostopowiec
poetic metre

pentasyllabic /ˌpen.tə.sɪˈlæb.ɪk/ /ˌpɛn.tə.sɪˈlæb.ɪk/ adj
pięciogłoskowy
having five syllables

pentathlete /ˈpɛn.tæθ.lit/ n
pięcioboista pięcioboistka wieloboista wieloboistka
An athlete who competes in the pentathlon

pentathlon n
pięciobój
modern pentathlon

pentatomic adj
pięcioatomowy
having five atoms in each molecule

pentatonic scale n
skala pentatoniczna
scale having five notes

penthouse /ˈpɛnt(h)aʊs/ n
przybudówka
an outhouse or other structure attached to the outside wall of a building

pentimento /ˌpɛntəˈmɛnti/ /ˌpɛntəˈmɛntoʊ/ /ˌpɛntɪˈmɛnti/ /ˌpɛntɪˈmɛntəʊ/ [-ɾi] [-ɾoʊ] [-ɾə-] n
pentimento
presence of traces of a previous work in an artistic or literary work

penultimate /pɪˈnʌltɪmət/ adj
przedostatni
next-to-last in a sequence

penumbra /pəˈnʌm.bɹə/ n
półcień
partially shaded area around a shadow, especially an eclipse

peonage /ˈpiːənɪdʒ/ n
peonaż
the state of being a peon

peony /ˈpiːəni/ n
piwonia peonia
Paeonia genus of flowering plants

people /ˈpipl̩/ /ˈpipəl/ /ˈpiːpl̩/ /ˈpiːpəl/ [ˈpʰipɫ̩] n
lud naród
a group of persons forming or belonging to a particular nation etc.
the mass of community as distinguished from a special class
ludzie
a body of human beings; a group of two or more persons
ludzie naród
a group of persons regarded as being employees etc.
ogół
a person's ancestors, relatives or family

people person n
towarzyska osoba
one who interacts skilfully with others

people who live in glass houses shouldn't throw stones proverb
nie sądźcie, a nie będziecie sądzeni źdźbło w oku bliźniego widzisz, a belki w swoim nie dostrzegasz
one shouldn't criticize others for having the same fault

people's /ˈpiːpəlz/ adj
ludowy narodowy
of, from, or controlled by the common people

people's democracy n
demokracja ludowa

people's party n
partia ludowa
political party

peopleless adj
bezludny
having no people

peoplelessness n
bezludność

peot n
pejs
sidelocks worn by Hasidic and Orthodox male Jews

pep /pɛp/ n
energia wigor
energy and enthusiasm

pepper /ˈpɛpə/ /ˈpɛpɚ/ n
papryka chili papryka ostra
fruit of the capsicum
pieprz
spice
plant

pepper /ˈpɛpə/ /ˈpɛpɚ/ v
pieprzyć
add pepper to

pepper mill n
młynek do pieprzu
a small handheld grinder

pepper pot n
pieprzniczka
container

pepper shaker /ˈpɛpə(ɹ) ˌʃeɪkə(ɹ)/ n
pieprzniczka
a small container designed to hold pepper and facilitate sprinkling it

pepper spray n
gaz pieprzowy
non-lethal riot-control agent

peppercorn /ˈpɛpəkɔːn/ /ˈpɛpɚkɔɹn/ n
pieprz
the seeds of the plant Piper nigrum

peppermint /ˈpɛpəˌmɪnt/ /ˈpɛpɚˌmɪnt/ n
mięta pieprzowa
herb
miętówka
confection

pepperoni /pɛpəˈɹoʊni/ n
pepperoni
pizza
sausage

pepperwort /ˈpɛpəwəːt/ n
pieprzyca
plant in the genus Lepidium

pepsin /ˈpɛpsɪn/ n
pepsyna
digestive enzyme

peptic ulcer n
choroba wrzodowa
ulcer

peptide /ˈpɛptaɪd/ n
peptyd
class of organic compounds

peptide bond n
wiązanie peptydowe
amine bond

per /pɜː(ɹ)/ /pɝ/ preposition
na od
for each
na zgodnie z
in accordance with

per capita adj
per capita
per person

per diem /pɚˈdaɪ.əm/ /pɚˈdi.əm/ n
dieta
daily stipend

per se /pəˈseɪ/ /pəˈsæɪ/ /pɚˈseɪ/ /pɚˈsiː/ adv
per se sam z siebie
by itself

perambulate /pəɹˈæmbjəˌleɪt/ /pəɹˈæmbjʊˌleɪt/ v
przechadzać się
roam, stroll

percale /pəˈkeɪl/ /pəˈkɑːl/ n
perkal
textile

perceive /pəˈsiːv/ /pɚˈsiv/ v
dostrzec dostrzegać
to become aware of

percent /pəˈsɛnt/ /pɚˈsɛnt/ n
procent
a part or other object per hundred

percentage /pəˈsɛntɪd͡ʒ/ /pɚˈsɛntɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈpɚsɛnt(e)ɪd͡ʒ/ n
korzyść
informal: advantage
procent
part of a whole
share of the profits

perception /pəˈsɛpʃn̩/ /pɚˈsɛpʃ(ə)n/ n
percepcja postrzeganie spostrzeganie
conscious understanding of something

perch /pɜːtʃ/ /pɝt͡ʃ/ n
okoń
fish of the genus Perca
żerdź grzęda
rod used by bird

perchlorate /pə(ɹ)ˈklɔːɹeɪt/ n
nadchloran
salt

percolate /ˈpɜːkəleɪt/ /ˈpɝkjəleɪt/ /ˈpɝkəleɪt/ v
przesączyć
(transitive) pass a liquid through a porous substance

percolation theory n
teoria perkolacji

percussion /pɚˈkʌʃən/ n
perkusja
music: section of percussion instruments

percussion cap n
kapiszon
metal cap on muzzleloading firearms

percussion instrument n
instrument perkusyjny
type of instrument

percussionist n
perkusista bębniarz
musician

perdition /pɜː(ɹ).ˈdɪ.ʃən/ n
piekło
hell
wieczne potępienie
eternal damnation

peregrine falcon /ˈpɛɹəɡɹɪn ˈfælkən/ /ˈpɛɹəɡɹɪn ˈfɔː(l)kən/ n
sokół wędrowny
Falco peregrinus

peremptoriness n
bezapelacyjność
the quality of being peremptory

peremptory /pəˈɹɛmptəɹi/ adj
bezapelacyjny kategoryczny
law: precluding debate or expostulation; not admitting of question or appeal
despotyczny dyktatorski władczy
imperious, dictatorial
dogmatyczny zdecydowany
positive in opinion or judgment; decided, dogmatic

perennial /pəˈɹɛn.i.əl/ /pəˈɹɛn.j(ə)l/ /pəˈɹɛn.ɪ.əl/ adj
częsty powracający powtarzający się
appearing or recurring again and again
odwieczny
continuing without cessation or intermission for several years, or for an undetermined or infinite period
wieloletni
of a plant: active throughout the year, or having a life cycle of more than two growing seasons

perennial /pəˈɹɛn.i.əl/ /pəˈɹɛn.j(ə)l/ /pəˈɹɛn.ɪ.əl/ n
bylina roślina wieloletnia
plant active throughout the year, or has a life cycle of more than two growing seasons

perestroika /pɛɹ.ɪˈstɹɔi.kə/ n
pieriestrojka pierestrojka
reform in the Soviet Union in 1980s

perfect /ˈpɜː.fɛkt/ /ˈpɜː.fɪkt/ /ˈpɝ.fɪkt/ adj
dokonany
grammar: of a tense or verb form: representing a completed action
doskonały
fitting its definition precisely
having all of its parts in harmony with a common purpose
perfekcyjny
without fault or mistake
perfekcyjny doskonały idealny
excellent and delightful in all respects

perfect /pəˈfɛkt/ /pɚˈfɛkt/ v
doskonalić udoskonalać udoskonalić
make perfect

perfect cube n
sześcian doskonały

perfect fifth n
kwinta czysta
interval between the first and second overtones or of seven semitones

perfect pitch n
słuch absolutny
ability to identify or re-create a note

perfect power n
potęga doskonała

perfection /pɚˈfɛk.ʃən/ n
perfekcja doskonałość
being perfect

perfectionism n
perfekcjonizm
an aversion for anything less than perfection

perfectionist /pɚˈfɛk.ʃənɪst/ adj
perfekcjonistyczny
inclined or related to perfectionism

perfectionist /pɚˈfɛk.ʃənɪst/ n
perfekcjonista perfekcjonistka
person who does not settle for anything that is not perfect

perfective /pə(ɹ)ˈfɛktɪv/ adj
dokonany
related to the perfect tense or perfective aspect

perfective aspect n
aspekt dokonany
grammatical term

perfectly /ˈpɑɹfɪk(t)lɪ/ /ˈpɜːfɪk(t)li/ /ˈpɝfɪk(t)li/ adv
doskonale
with perfection

perfidiously adv
perfidnie
in a perfidious manner

perfidy /ˈpɜː.fɪ.di/ /ˈpɝ.fɪ.di/ n
perfidia
the act of violating faith or allegiance

perforation n
perforacja
any opening in a solid object

perforce /pəˈfɔːs/ /pɚˈfɔɹs/ adv
siłą rzeczy
necessarily
siłą rzeczy z konieczności
by force

perform /pəˈfɔːm/ /pɚˈfɔɹm/ [pʰəˈfɔːm] v
wykonać
to do something in front of an audience
wykonywać wykonać
to do (something)

performance /pəɹ.ˈfɔɹ.məns/ [pə.ˈfɔː.məns] [pɚ.ˈfɔɹ.məns] n
produktywność
amount of useful work accomplished
przedstawienie występ
live show or concert
wykonanie
the act of performing; carrying into execution or action; accomplishment

performance metric n
kluczowe mierniki dokonań ﻿kluczowe wskaźniki efektywności
a measurement of performance

performer /pəˈfɔːmə/ /pɚˈfɔɹmɚ/ n
wykonawca wykonawczyni
performer

performing arts n
sztuka widowiskowa
arts involving performance

perfume /pɚˈfjuːm/ /ˈpɚfjuːm/ /ˈpɜːfjuːm/ /ˈpɝfjuːm/ n
perfumy
substance providing a pleasant smell
zapach aromat woń
pleasant smell

perfume /pɚˈfjuːm/ /ˈpɚfjuːm/ /ˈpɜːfjuːm/ /ˈpɝfjuːm/ v
naperfumować perfumować
to apply perfume to

perfumery n
perfumeria
shop selling perfumes
perfumiarnia
factory where perfume is made
perfumiarstwo
manufacture of perfumes

perfunctorily /pəɹˈfʌŋkt(ə)ɹɪli/ adv
beznamiętnie lakonicznie zdawkowo
in a perfunctory manner

perfunctory /pəˈfʌŋk.t(ə)ɹɪ/ /pɚˈfʌŋk.tɚ.i/ adj
pobieżny powierzchowny
performed out of routine, with little care

perfusionist /pə(ɹ)ˈfjuːʒənɪst/ n
perfuzjonista
clinician operating heart-lung machine

pergola /pɜːˈɡɐʉlə/ /ˈpɜːɡələ/ n
pergola
framework

perhaps /pəˈhæps/ /pɚˈhæps/ /ˈpɹæps/ adv
może bodaj
indicating a lack of certainty

perianth n
okwiat
sterile parts of a flower

pericarditis n
zapalenie osierdzia
inflammation of the pericardium, the membrane that surrounds the heart

pericardium /ˌpɛɹɪˈkɑː(ɹ)di.əm/ n
osierdzie
serous membrane that surrounds the heart

pericarp /ˈpɛɹɪˌkɑɹp/ /ˈpɛɹɪˌkɑːp/ n
owocnia perykarp
outermost layer of a ripe fruit or ovary

pericope /pəˈɹɪkəpi/ n
perykopa
passage of religious Scripture

pericycle n
okolnica perycykl perykambium
cylinder of plant tissue

perigee /ˈpɛɹ.ə.d͡ʒi/ /ˈpɛɹ.ɪ.d͡ʒiː/ n
perygeum
closest point in an orbit about the Earth

perihelion /ˌpɛɹ.əˈhil.jən/ /ˌpɛɹ.əˈhiː.li.ən/ /ˌpɛɹ.ɪˈhiː.lɪ.ən/ n
peryhelium
point in the elliptical orbit of a comet, planet, etc., where it is nearest to the Sun

peril /ˈpɛɹəl/ /ˈpɛɹɪl/ n
niebezpieczeństwo
a situation of serious danger
zagrożenie
something that causes, contains, or presents danger

perilous /pɛɹ.l̩.əs/ /ˈpɛɹ.ɪ.ləs/ adj
niebezpieczny
dangerous, full of peril

perimeter /pəˈɹɪm.ɪ.tə(ɹ)/ /pəˈɹɪm.ɪ.tɚ/ /ˈpɹɪm.ɪ.tə(ɹ)/ [pəˈɹɪm.ɪ.ɾə(ɹ)] [pəˈɹɪm.ɪ.ɾɚ] n
obwód
sum of the distance of all the lengths of the sides of an object
length of such a boundary

perinatal adj
okołoporodowy perinatalny
of or pertaining to the time around birth

perineum /ˌpɛ.ɹɪˈniː.əm/ /ˌpɛɹ.əˈniː.əm/ /ˌpɛɹ.ɪˈni.əm/ n
krocze

period /ˈpi.ɹɪd/ /ˈpɪə.ɹi.əd/ /ˈpɪə.ɹɪ.əd/ /ˈpɪɚ.i.əd/ /ˈpɪɹ.i.əd/ n
cykl
length of time during which something repeats
kropka
punctation mark “.”
lekcja
division of school day
okres
chemistry: row in the periodic table
geochronologic unit
music: two phrases
okres period
a length of time
history: period of time seen as coherent entity
rhetoric: complete sentence

periodic /ˌpɪə-/ /ˌpɪɹiˈɑdɪk/ /ˌpɪɹiˈɒdɪk/ adj
okresowy periodyczny
having repeated cycles
occurring at regular intervals

periodic function n
funkcja okresowa
function whose value repeats after the regular addition of a period

periodic inventory n
okresowa inwentaryzacja

periodic table /ˌpɪə-/ /ˌpɪɹiˈɑdɪk ˈteɪbəl/ /ˌpɪɹiˈɒdɪk ˈteɪb(ə)l/ n
układ okresowy pierwiastków układ okresowy tablica Mendelejewa
tabular chart of the chemical elements

periodical /ˌpɪəɹiˈɒdɪkl̩/ /ˌpɪɹiˈɑdɪkl̩/ n
czasopismo periodyk
publication that appears at fixed intervals

periodically adv
okresowo periodycznie
in a regular, periodic manner

periodicity n
okresowość periodyczność
property of being periodic

periodization n
periodyzacja
process of categorizing something (e.g. history) into named periods

periodontium n
przyzębie

periodontology n
periodontologia
periodontics

periosteum n
okostna
membrane surrounding a bone

peripatetic /ˌpɛɹ.ə.pəˈtɛt.ɪk/ /ˌpɛɹ.ɪ.pəˈtɛt.ɪk/ adj
wędrowny
walking about; itinerant

peripatetic /ˌpɛɹ.ə.pəˈtɛt.ɪk/ /ˌpɛɹ.ɪ.pəˈtɛt.ɪk/ n
perypatetyk wędrowiec
one who walks about; a pedestrian; an itinerant

peripeteia /pɛɹɪpɪˈtaɪə/ /pɛɹɪpɪˈteɪə/ /pɛɹɪpɪˈtiə/ /pɛɹɪpɪˈtɪə/ n
perypetia
a reversal of fortune; a sudden change in circumstances

peripheral device n
urządzenie peryferyjne
device that is outside the computer's system unit

peripheral nervous system n
obwodowy układ nerwowy
part of the nervous system which is not the central nervous system

peripheral vision n
widzenie peryferyjne

periphery /pəˈɹɪfəɹi/ n
kraniec kresy obrzeże peryferie pogranicze skraj
outside boundary, parts or surface

periphyton n
peryfiton

perish /ˈpɛɹɪʃ/ v
ginąć zginąć
to die, to pass away

peristalsis /ˌpɛɹɪˈstalsɪs/ /ˌpɛɹɪˈstælsɪs/ /ˌpɛɹɪˈstɑlsɪs/ n
perystaltyka
rhythmic contraction of the digestive tract

peristyle /ˈpɛɹəstaɪl/ /ˈpɛɹɪstaɪl/ n
perystyl
a courtyard; the space surrounded by a colonnade
a porch surrounded by columns
colonnade surrounding a courtyard, temple, etc.

peritoneum /ˌpɛɹ.ɪt.əˈniː.əm/ n
otrzewna
serous membrane in mammals

peritonitis n
zapalenie otrzewnej
inflammation of the peritoneum

periwinkle /ˈpɛɹ.ɪˌwɪŋ.kəl/ n
barwinek
plant

perjure /ˈpɜː(ɹ)d͡ʒə(ɹ)/ v
krzywoprzysięstwo
knowingly make a false statement of witness

perjury /ˈpɜː(ɹ)d͡ʒəɹi/ n
krzywoprzysięstwo
deliberate giving of false or misleading testimony under oath

perk /pɜːk/ /pɝk/ n
dodatkowa korzyść
perquisite

perlite n
perlit
perlite

permaculture n
permakultura
agriculture that renews natural resources and enriches local ecosystems

permafrost /ˈpɝməˌfɹɔst/ n
wieczna zmarzlina
permanently frozen ground

permanence /ˈpɜmənəns/ /ˈpɜɹmənəns/ n
permanencja
the state of being permanent

permanent /ˈpɜːmənənt/ /ˈpɝmənənt/ adj
permanentny trwały
lasting for an indefinitely long time
stały
without end

permeable /ˈpɜː(ɹ)miəbəl/ adj
przemakalny
that absorbs or allows the passage of fluids

permille /pə(ɹ)ˈmɪl/ /pə(ɹ)ˈmɪli/ n
promil
per thousand

permission /pəˈmɪʃən/ /pɚˈmɪʃən/ n
pozwolenie zezwolenie dozwolenie
authorisation
act of permitting

permit /pəˈmɪt/ /pɚˈmɪt/ /ˈpɜːmɪt/ /ˈpɝmɪt/ n
pozwolenie przepustka
an artifact or document rendering something allowed or legal

permit /pəˈmɪt/ /pɚˈmɪt/ /ˈpɜːmɪt/ /ˈpɝmɪt/ v
pozwalać pozwolić
allow (something) to happen

permutation /ˌpɜː.mjʉˈtæɪ.ʃən/ /ˌpɜː.mjʊˈteɪ.ʃən/ /ˌpɝ.mjʊˈteɪ.ʃən/ [ˌpɜː.mjʉˈtæɪ.ʃn̩] [ˌpɜː.mjʊˈteɪ.ʃn̩] [ˌpɝ.mjʊˈteɪ.ʃn̩] n
permutacja
one-to-one mapping
ordering of a set of distinct elements

pernicious /pəˈnɪʃəs/ /pɚˈnɪʃəs/ adj
groźny szkodliwy zgubny
causing much harm
zgubny
causing death or injury

peroxide n
nadtlenek
chemical compound with two oxygen atoms

perpendicular /pɝ.pənˈdɪk.jə.lɚ/ /pɝ.pɛnˈdɪk.ju.lɚ/ /ˌpɜː.pənˈdɪk.jə.lə(ɹ)/ adj
prostopadły
at or forming a right angle to

perpendicular /pɝ.pənˈdɪk.jə.lɚ/ /pɝ.pɛnˈdɪk.ju.lɚ/ /ˌpɜː.pənˈdɪk.jə.lə(ɹ)/ n
prostopadła
line or plane

perpendicularly adv
prostopadle
in a perpendicular manner

perpetrate /ˈpɜː(ɹ).pə.ˌtɹeɪt/ v
popełniać dopuszczać dopuścić popełnić
to be guilty of, or responsible for; to commit

perpetrator /ˈpɜː(ɹ).pɪ.ˌtɹeɪt.ə(ɹ)/ n
sprawca sprawczyni winowajca winowajczyni
one who perpetrates

perpetual /pəˈpɛtjʊəl/ /pəˈpɛtʃʊəl/ /pɚˈpɛt͡ʃuəl/ adj
bezustanny
continuing; uninterrupted
wieczny
lasting forever

perpetual check n
wieczny szach

perpetual motion n
nieustanny ruch wieczny ruch

perpetual motion machine n
perpetuum mobile
hypothetical device

perpetuality n
bezustanność

perpetually /pəˈpɛtjʊəli/ /pəˈpɛtʃʊəli/ /pɚˈpɛt͡ʃuəli/ adv
bezustannie
seeming to never end

perpetualness n
bezustanność

perpetuate /-t͡ʃəwət/ /-ˈpɛtjueɪt/ /pəˈpɛtjʊət/ /pəˈpɛt͡ʃʊeɪt/ /pəˈpɛt͡ʃʊət/ /pɚˈpɛt͡ʃəˌweɪt/ v
uwiecznić uwieczniać
to make perpetual

perplexed /pəˈplɛkst/ /pɚˈplɛkst/ adj
zakłopotany zmieszany
confused or puzzled

perplexity /pəɹˈplɛksədi/ /pəˈplɛksɪti/ n
ambaras
state or quality of being perplexed

perquisite /ˈpɜɹkwəzɪt/ /ˈpɜːkwɪzɪt/ n
dodatkowa korzyść
benefit beyond salary

persecute /ˈpɜːsɪkjuːt/ /ˈpɝsəkjut/ v
prześladować
to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict

persecution /ˌpɜːsəˈkjuːʃən/ /ˌpɝsəˈkjuʃən/ n
prześladowanie
the act of persecuting

perseverance /ˌpɜːsəˈvɪəɹəns/ /ˌpɝsəˈvɪɹəns/ n
wytrwałość
persistent determination to adhere to a course of action; insistence

persevere /ˌpɜːsəˈvɪə/ /ˌpɝ.səˈviɹ/ v
wytrwać dotrwać
persist steadfastly

persimmon /pəɹˈsɪmən/ /pɜːˈsɪmən/ /ˈpɜːsəmən/ n
hurma kaki persymona szaron
fruit
persymona hurma hebanowiec kaki szaron
tree

persistent /pəˈsɪstənt/ /pɚˈsɪstənt/ adj
bezustanny ciągły uporczywy wytrwały
refusing to give up
bezustanny uporczywy
insistently repetitive
ciągły nieustanny
indefinitely continuous
trwały
computing: existing after the execution of the program

person /ˈpɑsən/ /ˈpɜːsən/ /ˈpɝsən/ [ˈpʰɜːsn̩] [ˈpʰɝsn̩] n
człowiek istota ludzka osoba
specifically a human being
indywidualność osobowość
science fiction: sentient or socially intelligent being
miłośnik zwolennik
someone who likes or has an affinity for a specified thing
osoba persona
grammar: linguistic category
osoba persona człowiek
individual
osobowość osoba
any individual or formal organization with standing before the courts
postać osoba
the physical body seen as distinct from the mind

persona non grata /pə(ɹ)ˈsəʊnə nɒn ˈɡɹɑːtə/ n
persona non grata
a person who is not welcome

personable /ˈpɜː(ɹ)sənəbəl/ adj
przyjazny przyjemny sympatyczny
having pleasing appearance or manner

personage /ˈpɜːsənɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈpɝsənɪd͡ʒ/ n
persona
a famous or important person

personal /ˈpɜː.sə.nəl/ /ˈpɜːs.nəl/ /ˈpɝ.sə.nəl/ /ˈpɝs.nəl/ adj
osobisty personalny
of or pertaining to a particular person
osobowy
grammar: denoting person

personal computer n
komputer osobisty PC pecet
small computer for use by one person at a time

personal data n
dane osobowe personalia

personal pronoun n
zaimek osobowy
part of speech

personal property n
ruchomość
any property that is movable

personal trainer n
trener osobisty trener personalny
someone employed to help another with their fitness

personality /-i/ /pɜːsəˈnælətɪ/ /ˌpɝsəˈnælɪti/ [ˌpɝsəˈnælɪɾi] n
osobowość
set of qualities that make a person distinct from other people

personality disorder n
zaburzenie osobowości
class of mental disorders

personalization /-lɪˈzeɪʃən/ /ˌpɜːs(ə)nəlaɪˈzeɪʃən/ /ˌpɝs(ə)nəlaɪˈzeɪʃən/ n
personalizacja
act of personalizing

personalize /ˈpɜː.sə.nə.laɪz/ /ˈpɜː.sə.nə.lɑɪz/ /ˈpɜːs.nə.laɪz/ /ˈpɜːs.nə.lɑɪz/ /ˈpɝ.sə.nə.laɪz/ /ˈpɝs.nə.laɪz/ v
personalizować uosabiać
to adapt to an individual

personally /ˈpɜː.sə.nə.li/ /ˈpɜːs.nə.li/ /ˈpɝ.sə.nə.li/ /ˈpɝs.nə.li/ adv
osobiście
concerning oneself
in a personal manner

personification /pɚˌsɑ.nə.fəˈkeɪ.ʃən/ n
animizacja ożywienie uosobienie
artistic representation of an abstract quality as a human
personifikacja uosobienie
literary device
personifikacja uosobienie wcielenie
person, thing or name typifying a certain quality or idea

personify /pə(ɹ)ˈsɒnɪfaɪ/ v
animizować
to create a representation in the form of a character

personlessness n
bezosobowość

personnel /-el/ /pɜː.səˈnɛl/ /pɜːsˈnɛl/ /pɝ.səˈnɛl/ /pɝsˈnɛl/ /pɵː.sɘˈnɛl/ /pɵːsˈnɛl/ n
personel kadra
members of an organization

perspective /pɚˈspɛk.tɪv/ n
perspektywa punkt widzenia
view, vista or outlook

perspicacious /ˌpɜː.spɪˈkeɪ.ʃəs/ /ˌpɜːɹ.spɪˈkeɪ.ʃəs/ adj
bystry
able to physically see clearly
przenikliwy wnikliwy
showing keen insight

perspicacity /ˌpɜː.spɪˈkæs.ɪ.ti/ /ˌpɜːɹ.spɪˈkæs.ɪ.ti/ n
przenikliwość
Acute discernment or understanding; insight

perspiration /ˌpɜːspəˈɹeɪʃən/ /ˌpɝspəˈɹeɪʃən/ n
perspiracja pocenie się
process of perspiring

persuade /pəˈsweɪd/ /pɚˈsweɪd/ v
przekonać przekonywać
to successfully convince (someone) to agree to

persuasion /pəˈsweɪʒ(ə)n/ /pɚˈsweɪʒən/ n
perswazja
the act of persuading

persuasive /pə(ɹ)ˈsweɪsɪv/ adj
przekonujący przekonywający
convincing

pertain /pəˈteɪn/ /pɚˈteɪn/ v
należeć
to belong
odnosić się
to relate, to refer

pertechnetate n
nadtechnecjan
anion or salt containing it

pertinacious /pɝtn̩ˈeɪʃəs/ /ˌpɜːtɪˈneɪʃəs/ adj
niezachwiany
holding tenaciously to an opinion or purpose

pertinaciously /ˌpɜː.təˈneɪ.ʃəs.li/ /ˌpɝːtənˈeɪʃəsli/ adv
nieustępliwie
in a stubbornly resolute manner

perturbation n
perturbacja
agitation
variation in an orbit

peruke /pəˈɹuk/ /pəˈɹuːk/ n
peruka
wig

pervasive /pəˈveɪ.sɪv/ /pɚˈveɪ.sɪv/ adj
wszechobecny wszechogarniający
manifested throughout

perversity /pə(ɹ)ˈvɜː(ɹ)sɪti/ n
perwersja
something which is perverse
the quality of being perverse

pervert /pəˈvəːt/ /pɚˈvɚt/ /ˈpəː.vət/ /ˈpɚ.vɚt/ n
zboczeniec dewiant
sexually perverted person

pervert /pəˈvəːt/ /pɚˈvɚt/ /ˈpəː.vət/ /ˈpɚ.vɚt/ v
zboczyć
to take the wrong course

pescetarian /ˌpɛskəˈtɛəɹi.ən/ /ˌpɛskəˈtɛɹi.ən/ /ˌpɛskɪˈtɛəɹi.ən/ /ˌpɛskɪˈtɛɹi.ən/ /ˌpɛsɪˈtɛəɹi.ən/ /ˌpɛsɪˈtɛɹi.ən/ adj
wegetarianin jedzący ryby wegetarianka jedzący ryby

pescetarianism n
pescowegetarianizm
dietary choice

pesky /ˈpɛski/ adj
cholerny upierdliwy
annoying, troublesome, irritating

peso /ˈpeɪsəʊ/ /ˈpɛsoʊ/ [ˈpɛso] n
peso
currency

pessimism /ˈpɛsɪmɪzəm/ n
pesymizm
general belief that bad things will happen
doctrine that this world is the worst of all possible worlds

pessimist /ˈpɛsɪmɪst/ n
pesymista pesymistka czarnowidz
someone who habitually expects the worst outcome

pessimistic /ˌpɛ.səˈmɪs.tɪk/ adj
pesymistyczny
marked by pessimism and little hopefulness
always expecting the worst

pest /pɛst/ n
insekt szkodnik
destructive insect
zaraza epidemia plaga
plague

pesticide /ˈpɛstɨsaɪd/ /ˈpɛstɪ̈ˌsaɪd/ n
pestycyd pestycydy
substance used to kill or repress the activities of pests

pestilence /ˈpɛstlən(t)s/ /ˈpɛstələn(t)s/ /ˈpɛstɪlən(t)s/ n
zaraza
any highly contagious epidemic disease

pestle /ˈpɛsəl/ n
tłuczek
instrument used with a mortar to grind things

pesto /ˈpɛstoʊ/ /ˈpɛstəʊ/ n
pesto
an Italian sauce especially for pasta

pet /pɛt/ [pʰɛt] [pʰɛʔt] n
zwierzę domowe
an animal kept as a companion

pet /pɛt/ [pʰɛt] [pʰɛʔt] v
głaskać
fondle (an animal)

pet peeve n
idiosynkrazja
something that is personally annoying; a personal dislike

pet shop n
sklep zoologiczny
shop

petal /ˈpɛtl̩/ n
płatek płatek korony
one of the component parts of the corolla of a flower

petalless /ˈpɛt.əl.ləs/ adj
bezpłatkowy

petasus /ˈpɛtəsəs/ n
petasos
low-crowned hat worn by the Ancient Greeks and Romans

peter out /ˌpitɚ‿ˈaʊt/ /ˌpiːtɚ‿ˈaʊt/ [-ɾɚ-] v
zamierać zamrzeć zanikać zaniknąć
to diminish to nothing

petiole /ˈpɛti.oʊl/ /ˈpɛti.əʊl/ n
ogonek liścia
stalk of a leaf

petit four /ˈpɛti ˈfɔɹ/ n
ptifurki
small cake at the end of a meal

petition /pəˈtɪʃ.ən/ n
petycja
formal, written request made to an official person
compilation of signatures

petrification n
petryfikacja
process of replacing the organic residues with insoluble salts

petrify /ˈpɛ.tɹəˌfaɪ/ v
drętwieć lodowacieć zdrętwieć zlodowacieć
to immobilize with fright

petrodollar /ˈpɛtɹoʊˌdɑlɚ/ /ˈpɛtɹə(ʊ)ˌdɒlə/ n
petrodolar
money (either notionally or specifically in dollars or other currencies) earned from the sale of oil

petroliferous adj
roponośny
containing or yielding petroleum

petticoat /ˈpɛtɪkət/ /ˈpɛtɪkəʊt/ n
halka
woman's undergarment worn under a skirt

pettifogger /ˈpɛtɪˌfɑːɡɚ/ /ˈpɛtɪˌfɒɡə/ /ˈpɛtɪˌfɔːɡɚ/ n
kłótnica kłótnik przechera
Someone who quibbles

petting /ˈpɛtɪŋ/ [ˈpʰɛɾɪŋ] n
petting
kissing, stroking, etc., in a sexual manner

petty /ˈpɛ.ti/ [ˈpʰɛ.ɾi] adj
drobny błahy małostkowy nieistotny
of persons or their behaviour: marked by or reflective of undesirably limited interests, sympathies, or views; preoccupied with subjects having little or no importance and not mindful of broader concerns

petty bourgeoisie n
drobnomieszczaństwo
social class

petty crime n
drobne przestępstwo
minor criminal act

petty officer n
bosman starszy bosman
non-commissioned officer

petunia /pəˈtuːnjə/ n
petunia
flower

pew /pjuː/ interjection
fuj
expression of disgust in response to an unpleasant odor

pew /pjuː/ n
ławka
long bench in a church

pewter /ˈpjutɚ/ /ˈpjuːtə/ [ˈpjuɾɚ] n
cynołów pewter
alloy of tin, copper and antimony

peyote /peɪˈjoʊti/ n
pejotl
cactus

pff /p͡fː/ [p͡ɸː] [ʙ̥͡ɸː] interjection
pff
An expression of disappointment

phablet /ˈfæblɪt/ n
fablet phablet
electronic handheld device

phagocytosis /ˌfeɪ.ɡoʊ.saɪˈtoʊ.sɪs/ /ˌfeɪ.ɡəʊ.saɪˈtəʊ.sɪs/ n
fagocytoza

phalanx /ˈfeɪ.ˌlæŋks/ /ˈfæ.ˌlæŋks/ n
falanga
ancient Greek military unit
large group of animals, plants, or people
large group of people
paliczek
finger or toe bone

phaleristics n
falerystyka
the study of orders, fraternity, and award items

phallic /ˈfælɪk/ adj
falliczny

phallocentrism n
fallocentryzm
Focus on the phallus or on a male point of view.

phallocracy /faˈlɒkɹəsi/ /fəˈlɒkɹəsi/ n
fallokracja
government by men

phalloplasty n
falloplastyka
plastic surgery to construct or repair a penis

phallus /ˈfæləs/ n
fallus
the penis or its representation

phanerophyte n
fanerofit
any woody plant that carries its dormant buds openly on branches above the ground

phantasmagoria /ˌfæntæzməˈɡɒɹi.ə/ /ˌfæntæzməˈɡɔːɹi.ə/ n
fantasmagoria
a dreamlike state

phantasmagoric adj
fantasmagoryczny
characterized by or pertaining to a dreamlike blurring of real and imaginary elements

phantom /ˈfæntəm/ n
fantom
something having no physical reality

phantom limb n
kończyna fantomowa
false sensation

phantom pain n
ból fantomowy
sensation of pain coming from a part of the body that has been amputated

pharaoh /ˈfæɹ.oʊ/ /ˈfɛ(ə)ɹ.oʊ/ /ˈfɛə.ɹəʊ/ /ˈfɛː.ɹəʊ/ n
faraon
supreme ruler of ancient Egypt

pharaonic /ˌfɛəɹeɪˈɒnɪk/ adj
faraoński
of or pertaining to a pharaoh

pharmaceutical /ˌfɑɹməˈs(j)utɪkl̩/ /ˌfɑː.məˈkjuː.tɪ.kl̩/ /ˌfɑː.məˈs(j)uː.tɪ.kl̩/ adj
farmaceutyczny aptekarski
of, or relating to pharmacy or pharmacists

pharmacist /ˈfɑɹməsɪst/ n
aptekarz aptekarka
professional who dispenses prescription drugs
farmaceuta farmaceutka
one who studies pharmacy

pharmaco- prefix
farmako-
medication

pharmacological /ˌfɑɹməkəˈlɒd͡ʒɪkəl/ adj
farmakologiczny
of or having to do with pharmacology

pharmacologist /ˌfɑɹməˈkɒləd͡ʒɪst/ n
farmakolog
student of or one who is versed in pharmacology

pharmacology /ˌfɑɹməˈkɒləd͡ʒi/ n
farmakologia
science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals

pharmacotherapy n
farmakoterapia
use of pharmaceuticals to treat disease

pharmacy /ˈfɑɹməsi/ /ˈfɑːməsi/ n
apteka farmacja
a place where prescription drugs are dispensed
aptekarstwo
occupation of a pharmacist
farmacja farmaceutyka
science of medicinal substances

pharyngealization n
faryngalizacja
act or process of pharyngealizing

pharynx /ˈfa.ɹɪŋks/ /ˈfæɹ.ɪŋks/ /ˈfɛɹ.ɪŋks/ n
gardło
part of the alimentary canal

phase /feɪz/ n
faza
distinguishable part of a sequence
physics: point or portion in a recurring series of changes

phase modulation n
modulacja fazy
form of modulation

phase space n
przestrzeń fazowa
topological space of states of a system

phase transition n
przemiana fazowa
change in physical system

phase velocity n
prędkość fazowa
propagation velocity of a pure sine wave

phase-shift keying n
kluczowanie fazy modulacja PSK
form of phase modulation

phasic /ˈfeɪzɪk/ adj
fazowy
of or relating to phase

phasmid /ˈfæz.mɪd/ n
patyczak straszyk
an insect

phasor n
wskaz
A plotted line that represents the amplitude and phase of a sinusoidally varying quantity such as an alternating current.

phatic /ˈfætɪk/ adj
fatyczny
more polite than meaningful

pheasant /ˈfɛzənt/ n
bażant
bird of family Phasianidae, often hunted for food

pheasant's eye n
miłek
flowering plant of the genus Adonis

pheasant-tailed jacana n
długoszpon chiński
Hydrophasianus chirurgus

pheasantry n
bażantarnia bażanciarnia
place for keeping pheasants

phenacetin n
acetfenetydyna fenacetyna
C10H13NO₂

phenazone n
antypiryna
a particular analgesic

phenetidine n
fenetydyna

pheno- /ˈfiː.noʊ/ /ˈfiː.nə/ /ˈfiː.nəʊ/ /ˈfɛn.oʊ/ /ˈfɛn.əʊ/ prefix
feno-

phenol /ˈfinɑl/ /ˈfinəl/ /ˈfiːnɒl/ /ˈfiːnəl/ n
fenol
any of a class of aromatic organic compounds having at least one hydroxyl group attached directly to the benzene ring
caustic compound derived from benzene

phenology n
fenologia
study of the effect of climate

phenolphthalein /ˌfi.nl̩ˈθæl.i.ɪn/ /ˌfi.nl̩ˈθæˌlin/ /ˌfiː.nɒlˈ(f)θa.liːn/ /ˌfiː.nɒlˈ(f)θeɪ.liːn/ n
fenoloftaleina

phenomenal /fə-/ /fɪˈnɑmɪnəl/ /fɪˈnɒmɪnəl/ /fɪˈnɔmɪnəl/ adj
fenomenalny arcydobry niezwykły
remarkable

phenomenography n
fenomenografia
research methodology

phenomenology /fɪˌnɑməˈnɑləd͡ʒi/ /fɪˌnɒmɪˈnɒləd͡ʒi/ n
fenomenologia
philosophy based on intuitive experience of phenomena

phenomenon /-nən/ /fəˈnɑmənə/ /fəˈnɑməˌnɑn/ /fəˈnɒmɪnə/ /fəˈnɒmɪnən/ /fɪ-/ /fɪˈnɔmɪnə/ /fɪˈnɔmɪnən/ n
fenomen
knowable thing or event
wonderful or very remarkable person or thing
fenomen zjawisko
observable fact or occurrence
zjawisko fenomen
unusual, curious, or astonishing fact or event

phenyl /ˈfi(ː).n(ə)l/ /ˈfi(ː).ˌnaɪl/ /ˈfɛ.n(ə)l/ n
fenyl
univalent hydrocarbon radical (C₆H₅)

phenylalanine n
fenyloalanina
amino acid; C₉H11NO₂

pheromone n
feromon
chemical

phew /fjuː/ [ɸj̊u̥˥˩] interjection
uff
Used to show relief, fatigue, or surprise

phi /faɪ/ /fiː/ n
fi phi
Greek letter

phil- prefix
filo-

philanderer /fɪ.ˈlæn.də.ɹə/ /fɪ.ˈlæn.də.ɹɚ/ /fɪ.ˈlæn.dɚ.ɚ/ n
flirciarz kobieciarz
fickle lover

philanthropic adj
filantropijny
of or pertaining to philanthropy; characterized by philanthropy

philanthropist n
filantrop filantropka
person who loves mankind
very generous person

philanthropy /fɪˈlæn.θɹə.pi/ /fɪˈlæn.θɹə.piː/ n
filantropia
benevolent altruism with the intention of increasing the well-being of mankind

philately /fɪˈlæt.ə.li/ n
filatelistyka
stamp collecting
the study of postage stamps, postal routes, postal history, etc.

philhellenism n
filhellenizm
intellectual movement

philistine /-lə-/ /-stin/ /fɪˈlɪstin/ /ˈfɪlɪstaɪn/ /ˈfɪlɪˌstaɪn/ adj
filisterski
lacking in appreciation for or antagonistic towards art or culture

philistine /-lə-/ /-stin/ /fɪˈlɪstin/ /ˈfɪlɪstaɪn/ /ˈfɪlɪˌstaɪn/ n
filister
person who is ignorant or uneducated; specifically, a person who lacks appreciation of culture

philistinism n
mieszczaństwo
philistinism

philological adj
filologiczny
philological

philologist n
filolog filolożka
person who engages in philology

philology /fɪˈlɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/ /fɪˈlɒl.ə.d͡ʒɪ/ /fɪˈlɔl.ə.d͡ʒi/ n
filologia
philology

philosopher /fəˈlɑsəfəɹ/ /fɪˈlɒs.ə.fə(ɹ)/ n
filozof filozofka mędrzec
person devoted to studying philosophy

philosopher's stone n
kamień filozoficzny tynktura
philosopher's stone

philosophical /ˌfɪləˈsɑfɪkl̩/ /ˌfɪləˈsɒfɪkl̩/ adj
filozoficzny
of or pertaining to philosophy

philosophically adv
filozoficznie
in a philosophical manner

philosophy /fɪˈlɑsəfi/ /fɪˈlɒsəfi/ n
filozofia
academic discipline
comprehensive system of belief
view regarding fundamental principles
general principle
the pursuit of wisdom

philtrum /ˈfɪl.tɹəm/ n
rynienka podnosowa
shallow vertical groove

phimosis /faɪˈmoʊ.sɪs/ /fʌɪˈməʊ.sɪs/ n
stulejka
contraction of the foreskin

phishing /ˈfɪʃɪŋ/ n
wyłudzanie danych
malicious act

phlebo- /fləˈbɒ-/ /ˈflɛboʊ-/ /ˈflɛbə-/ /ˌflɛboʊ-/ /ˌflɛbə-/ prefix
flebo-

phlegm /fliːm/ /flɛm/ n
flegma śluz
mucus secreted in the bronchial passages
orosienie

phlegmatic /flɛɡˈmætɪk/ adj
flegmatyczny
not easily excited to action

phloem /ˈfloʊ.əm/ /ˈfloʊ.ɛm/ /ˈfləʊ.əm/ /ˈfləʊ.ɛm/ n
floem łyko
vascular tissue

phlogiston /flə(ʊ)ˈd͡ʒɪstɒn/ /flə(ʊ)ˈd͡ʒɪstən/ n
flogiston
hypothetical fiery principle

phlox /flɒks/ /flɔks/ n
floks płomyk
plant of genus Phlox

phobia /ˈfoʊbi.ə/ /ˈfəʊbɪə/ n
fobia
irrational or obsessive fear or anxiety

phocomelia /ˌfəʊkəˈmiːlɪə/ n
fokomelia
phocomelia

phoenix /ˈfiːnɪks/ n
feniks
mythological bird

phon n
fon
unit of apparent loudness

phone /foʊ̯n/ /fəʊ̯n/ n
głoska
speech segment

phone /foʊ̯n/ /fəʊ̯n/ v
telefonować dzwonić zadzwonić zatelefonować
to call (someone) on the telephone

phone sex n
seks przez telefon
erotic or sexual telephone conversation between two or more people

phoneme /ˈfoʊnim/ /ˈfəʊniːm/ n
fonem
indivisible unit of sound

phonemic /fəʊˈniːmɪk/ /fəˈniːmɪk/ adj
fonemiczny
relating to phonemes

phonemic merger n
utożsamienie
phenomenon in which two different phonemes merge

phonendoscope n
fonendoskop
a form of stethoscope used in auscultation

phonetic /fəˈnɛt.ɪk/ [fəˈnɛɾɪk] adj
fonetyczny
linguistics: relating to phones
relating to sounds of spoken language

phonetician /ˌfoʊ.nəˈtɪʃ.(ə)n/ /ˌfɑ.nəˈtɪʃ.(ə)n/ /ˌfɒn.ɪˈtɪʃ.(ə)n/ /ˌfɔn.ɪˈtɪʃ.(ə)n/ /ˌfəʊ.nɪˈtɪʃ.(ə)n/ n
fonetyczka fonetyk
person who specializes in phonetics

phonetics /fəˈnɛtɪks/ n
fonetyka
study of speech sounds and their representation by written symbols

phoniatrics n
foniatria

phono- /fəˈnɒ-/ /ˈfoʊnoʊ-/ /ˈfoʊnə-/ /ˌfoʊnoʊ-/ /ˌfoʊnə-/ prefix
fono-
relating to sound

phonograph /ˈfoʊnəˌɡɹæf/ /ˈfəʊnəˌɡɹɑːf/ n
fonograf adapter
device that records or plays sound from cylinder records

phonological /ˌfoʊ̯nəˈlɑd͡ʒɪkəl/ /ˌfɑnəˈlɑd͡ʒɪkəl/ /ˌfɒnəˈlɒd͡ʒɪkəl/ /ˌfəʊ̯nəˈlɒd͡ʒɪkəl/ adj
fonologiczny
of or relating to phonology

phonology /fəˈnɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/ /fəˈnɒ.lə.d͡ʒi/ /fəˈnɔl.ə.d͡ʒi/ n
fonologia
subfield of linguistics concerned with the way sounds function in languages

phonon /ˈfoʊ.nɑn/ /ˈfoʊ.nɔn/ n
fonon
quantum of acoustic energy

phononic adj
fononiczny fononowy
relating to the study of phonons

phonotactics /ˈfoʊnoʊˌtæktɪks/ /ˈfoʊnəˌtæktɪks/ /ˈfəʊnə(ʊ)ˌtaktɪks/ n
fonotaktyka
branch of phonology

phosphate /ˈfɑsfeɪt/ /ˈfɒsfeɪt/ n
fosforan
any salt or ester of phosphoric acid

phosphor /ˈfɑsfɚ/ /ˈfɒsfə/ n
luminofor
compound exhibiting phosphorescence

phosphorescence /ˌfɑs.fəˈɹɛs.əns/ /ˌfɒs.fəˈɹɛs.əns/ n
fosforescencja
emission of light without heat

phosphorescent adj
fosforescencyjny
emitting light for a period of time after the source of excitation is taken away

phosphoric acid n
kwas fosforowy
the colourless liquid; H₃PO₄

phosphorous acid n
kwas fosfonowy
H₃PO₃

phosphorus /ˈfɑs.fɚ.əs/ /ˈfɒs.fə.ɹəs/ /ˈfɒs.fɹəs/ n
fosfor
element

phosphorylation n
fosforylacja
the process of transferring a phosphate group from a donor to an acceptor

photic adj
fotyczny świetlny
irradiated by light

photic zone n
strefa fotyczna
that part an ocean or lake that receives sufficient sunlight for photosynthesis

photo album n
album na zdjęcia album ze zdjęciami
book with a collection of photographs placed inside

photo booth n
fotobudka
a coin-operated kiosk used to take photographs

photo shoot n
sesja zdjęciowa
photo session

photo- prefix
foto-
light

photobiology n
fotobiologia
the study of the effects of light on living organisms, and on biological processes

photoconductivity n
fotoprzewodnictwo
an increase in the electrical conductivity of a material as a result of incident electromagnetic radiation

photocopier n
kserokopiarka fotokopiarka ksero kserograf
machine which reproduces documents by photographing the original over a glass plate and printing duplicates

photocopy /ˈfəʊtəˌkɒpi/ n
ksero kserokopia
copy made using a photocopier

photocopy /ˈfəʊtəˌkɒpi/ v
kserować skserować
to make a copy using a photocopier

photodocument v
fotodokument

photodocumentation n
fotodokumentacja

photoelectric adj
fotoelektryczny
relating to electric effects

photoelectron n
fotoelektron
electron

photogenic /ˌfoʊ.toʊˈd͡ʒɛn.ɪk/ /ˌfoʊ.təˈd͡ʒɛn.ɪk/ /ˌfəʊ.təʊˈd͡ʒɛn.ɪk/ adj
fotogeniczny
looking good when photographed

photogrammetry n
fotogrametria
both

photograph /ˈfoʊ.tə.ˌɡɹæf/ /ˈfəʊ.tə.ˌɡɹɑːf/ [ˈfŏʊ.ɾə.ˌɡɹ̠æf] [ˈfəʊ.tʰə̥.ˌɡɹ̠ɑːf] n
fotografia zdjęcie fotka
picture

photograph /ˈfoʊ.tə.ˌɡɹæf/ /ˈfəʊ.tə.ˌɡɹɑːf/ [ˈfŏʊ.ɾə.ˌɡɹ̠æf] [ˈfəʊ.tʰə̥.ˌɡɹ̠ɑːf] v
fotografować sfotografować
to take a photograph

photographer /fəˈtɑɡɹəfɚ/ /fəˈtɒɡɹəfə/ n
fotograf fotografka
one who takes photographs

photographic /ˌfoʊtəˈɡɹæfɪk/ [ˌfoʊɾəˈɡɹæfɪk] adj
fotograficzny
of or pertaining to photographs
of or pertaining to photography

photography /fəˈtɑ.ɡɹə.fi/ /fəˈtɒ.ɡɹə.fi/ n
fotografia zdjęcie
art and technology of producing images on photosensitive surfaces
occupation of taking (and often printing) photographs

photoinducibility n
zdolność do fotoindukcji

photoinducible adj
zdolny do fotoindukcji

photoinduction n
fotoindukcja

photojournalism n
fotoreporterstwo
journalism via photographs or images

photojournalist n
fotoreporter fotoreporterka
journalist who uses photojournalism

photokeratitis n
ślepota śnieżna
condition of the eyes caused by exposure to UV rays

photolysis n
fotoliza
chemical reaction

photometer /fəˈtɑmɪtɚ/ /fəˈtɒmɪtə(ɹ)/ /ˈfoʊtoʊˌmitɚ/ /ˈfəʊtəʊˌmiːtə(ɹ)/ n
fotometr
measuring instrument

photometry n
fotometria
physics: the measurement of various aspects of light, especially its intensity

photomontage n
fotomontaż
composite image

photon /ˈfəʊtɒn/ n
foton
quantum of light

photonic adj
fotoniczny fotonowy
relating to photons

photonics /foʊˈtɑnɪks/ n
fotonika
science and technology of generating and controlling photons

photophobia n
światłowstręt
excessive sensitivity to light

photosensitive adj
światłoczuły
sensitive to light

photoshop n
fotoszopować photoshopować
to digitally edit a picture

photoshopped adj
sfotoszopowane sphotoshopowane
digitally edited or altered

photosphere n
fotosfera
A visible surface layer of a star

photosynthesis /ˌfoʊ.toʊ.ˈsɪn.θə.sɪs/ /ˌfəʊ.təʊ.ˈsɪn.θə.sɪs/ [ˌfŏʊ.ɾoʊ.ˈsɪn̪.θə.sɪs] [ˌfəʊ.tʰəʊ.ˈsɪn̪.θə.sɪs] n
fotosynteza
biological process

photosynthetic adj
fotosyntetyczny
of or relating to photosynthesis

phototaxis n
fototaksja
reduced photograph

phototherapy n
fototerapia światłolecznictwo
medical therapy using light

phototoxic adj
fototoksyczny
causing damage to the skin when exposed to light

phototransistor n
fototranzystor
semiconductor

phrase /fɹeɪz/ n
fraza
music: small section of music in a larger piece
fraza wypowiedzenie
grammar: group of two or more words that express an idea but do not form a complete sentence
fraza wyrażenie zdanie
short written or spoken expression

phrase book n
rozmówki
book of everyday expressions and vocabulary

phraseological /ˌfɹeɪziəˈlɒd͡ʒɪkəl/ adj
frazeologiczny
of or pertaining to phraseology

phraseology /fɹeɪziˈɑləd͡ʒi/ /fɹeɪziˈɒləd͡ʒɪ/ /fɹeɪzˈɑləd͡ʒi/ n
frazeologia
group of specialized words and expressions
study of set or fixed expressions
the style in which words and phrases are used in writing or speech

phrasing /ˈfɹeɪzɪŋ/ n
fraza
the way the musical phrases are put together
sformułowanie
the way a statement is put together

phrenology n
frenologia
the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology

phthisis /ˈ(f)θaɪsɪs/ /ˈtaɪsɪs/ n
suchoty
phthisis

phyllo /ˈfaɪloʊ/ /ˈfaɪləʊ/ /ˈfiːloʊ / /ˈfiːləʊ/ n
ciasto filo
type of dough

phylo- prefix
filo-
tribes

phylogenetics /ˌfaɪləd͡ʒəˈnɛtɪks/ n
filogeneza
study of organism relationships

physalis /faɪˈseɪlɪs/ /ˈfaɪsəlɪs/ /ˈfɪsəlɪs/ n
miechunka
plant of the genus Physalis

physical /ˈfɪzɪkəl/ adj
fizyczny
having to do with the material world; tangible
having to do with physics
fizyczny cielesny
having to do with the body; corporeal

physical education n
wychowanie fizyczne gimnastyka wuef
curriculum component

physical quantity n
wielkość fizyczna
physical property

physically /ˈfɪzɪkli/ adv
fizycznie
in a physical manner

physician /fɪˈzɪʃən/ n
doktorka lekarka medyczka
a female medical doctor
lekarz lekarka doktor doktorka medyczka medyk
medical doctor

physician, heal thyself proverb
lekarzu, lecz się sam lekarzu, ulecz samego siebie

physicist /ˈfɪzɪsɪst/ n
fizyk
person whose occupation specializes in the science of physics

physics /ˈfɪz.ɪks/ n
fizyka
branch of science

physio- prefix
fizjo-

physiography n
fizjografia
subfield of geography

physiological /ˌfɪz.i.əˈlɑ.d͡ʒɪ.kəl/ /ˌfɪz.i.əˈlɒd͡ʒ.i.kəl/ /ˌfɪz.i.əˈlɔd͡ʒ.i.kəl/ adj
fizjologiczny
of, or relating to physiology

physiologist n
fizjolog
person

physiology /ˌfɪziˈɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/ /ˌfɪziˈɒləd͡ʒi/ n
fizjologia
branch of biology

physiotherapeutic adj
fizjoterapeutyczny
of or relating to physiotherapy

physiotherapist n
fizjoterapeuta fizjoterapeutka
therapist who treats physical injury or dysfunction, usually with exercise

phyto- /faɪtoʊ/ /faɪtəʊ/ prefix
fito-
Pertaining to or derived from plants

phytochemical adj
fitochemiczny
pertraining to chemistry of plants

phytochemistry n
fitochemia
the scientific study of the chemicals found in plants

phytoestrogen /ˌfaɪ.toʊˈɛ.stɹəd͡ʒ.ən/ /ˌfaɪ.təʊˈiː.stɹəd͡ʒ.ən/ n
fitoestrogen

phytopathology n
fitopatologia
study of plant diseases

phytopharmacology n
fitofarmakologia
a study of medicine from plant sources

phytoplankton /ˌfaɪ.toʊˈplæŋk.tən/ /ˌfaɪ.təʊˈplæŋk.tən/ /ˌfaɪ.təˈplæŋk.tən/ n
fitoplankton
plankton which obatin energy by photosynthesis

phytosterol n
fitosterol

phytotherapist n
fitoterapeuta fitoterapeutka
practitioner of phytotherapy

phytotherapy n
fitoterapia
medical use of plant extracts

pi /paɪ/ n
pi
irrational mathematical constant
letter of Greek alphabet

pia mater n
opona miękka
innermost of the meninges

piaffe v
piaff
movement in dressage

pianist /piˈænɪst/ /ˈpi.ənɪst/ n
pianista pianistka
person who plays the piano

pianistic adj
pianistyczny
pertaining to piano playing

pianistics n
pianistyka
art or technique of playing the piano

piano /paɪˈænoʊ/ /piˈænoʊ/ /piˈænəʊ/ n
pianino fortepian
a keyboard musical instrument

piano maker n
fortepianista
maker of pianos

piano nobile n
piano nobile
floor

picador /ˈpɪkədɔː(ɹ)/ n
pikador
a lancer mounted on horseback who assists a matador

picaresque /pɪkəˈɹɛsk/ adj
awanturniczy łotrzykowski
of or pertaining to rogues

picaresque /pɪkəˈɹɛsk/ n
powieść łotrzykowska
picaresque novel

picaresquely adv
awanturniczo

piccolo /ˈpɪkl̩oʊ/ /ˈpɪkoloʊ/ /ˈpɪkəloʊ/ /ˈpɪkələʊ/ n
flet piccolo piccolo pikolo pikulina
small, high-pitched transverse flute
piccolo
bottle of champagne

pick /pɪk/ [pʰɪk] n
czekan kilof oskard
pickaxe
kandydat możliwość wyboru prawo wyboru wybór
choice
wytrych
tool to open a lock
zasłona
basketball: screen

pick /pɪk/ [pʰɪk] v
dłubać gmerać grzebać
to grasp and pull with fingers
wybrać wybierać
zbierać zrywać
to remove a fruit or plant for consumption

pick one's battles v
uczestniczyć tylko w pewnych bitwach
to only involve oneself in disputes that one is likely to win
walczyć tylko w ważnych dla siebie sprawach
to only take a stand for a cause that is truly important to one

pick one's nose v
dłubać w nosie
insert a finger into one's nostril

pick up v
odebrać
to answer (a telephone), see pick up the phone
to collect a passenger
podnieść się podnosić się
to improve, increase, or speed up
podnosić podnieść
to lift; to grasp and raise
podrywać bałamucić chodzić za kimś poderwać podwalać się robić zaloty
to meet and seduce somebody for romantic purposes
posprzątać sprzątać
to clean up; restore to an organized state
zaczynać zacząć
to restart or resume
zajechać zajeżdżać
to collect an object, especially in passing
zrozumieć
to learn, to grasp; to begin to understand

pick up the pace v
podkręcać tempo podkręcić tempo przyspieszać tempo przyspieszyć tempo zwiększać tempo zwiększyć tempo
to begin moving or working faster

pick up the phone v
odebrać telefon
to pick up the receiver of a telephone to answer a call

pick-up line n
podryw
short introduction intended to garner romantic or sexual interest from a stranger

pick-up sticks n
bierki

pickaxe /ˈpɪkˌæks/ n
kilof czekan oskard
heavy iron tool

picket /ˈpɪkɪt/ n
sztacheta
stake driven into the ground

pickle /ˈpɪkl̩/ n
kiszonka kwaszonka marynata
any vegetable preserved in vinegar and consumed as relish
ogórek kiszony ogórek w occie
preserved cucumber
pikiel
brine used for preserving food

pickle /ˈpɪkl̩/ v
kisić
to preserve food in a salt, sugar or vinegar solution

pickled adj
kiszony
preserved by pickling

pickling /ˈpɪk.lɪŋ/ n
kiszenie marynowanie peklowanie
instance of processing something in brine or in vinegar

pickpocket /ˈpɪkpɒkɪt/ n
kieszonkowiec
one who steals from the pocket of a passerby

pickup n
dokrętka
material filmed after the fact to augment main footage
odbiór
act of collecting and taking away, usually in a vehicle
odebranie
act of answering a telephone
podryw
flirtation, courting
przetwornik przystawka
electronic device
znajdźka
item collected in a video game

pickup truck n
pick-up pikap półciężarówka
truck with an open cargo bed

picky eater n
wybredny

picnic /ˈpɪknɪk/ n
piknik
a meal eaten outdoors

picric acid n
kwas pikrynowy
picric acid

pictogram n
piktogram
picture that represents a word or an idea

pictorial /pɪkˈtɔɹi.əl/ n
ilustrowany magazyn
newspaper or magazine with many pictures

picture /ˈpɪk(t)ʃə/ /ˈpɪk(t)ʃɚ/ /ˈpɪt͡ʃɚ/ n
film kino
informal: cinema
obraz rysunek
representation of visible reality produced by drawing, etc
zdjęcie fotografia
photograph

picture book n
książka obrazkowa
a book for young children with illustrations

picture dictionary n
słownik fotograficzny
dictionary with pictures

picturesque /pɪkt͡ʃəˈɹɛsk/ adj
malowniczy
resembling a picture or painting

piculet n
dzięciolnik
bird in Picumnus

pide /paɪd/ /ˈpiːde/ /ˈpiːdeɪ/ n
pide
meal

pidgin /ˈpɪ.d͡ʒən/ /ˈpɪ.d͡ʒɪn/ n
pidżyn pidgin pidżin
amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers

pie /paɪ/ /pɑɪ/ n
ciasto placek
type of pastry

pie chart n
diagram kołowy
graph

pie iron n
tostownica opiekacz
device for making sandwiches

piece /piːs/ n
część kawałek element
part of a larger whole
moneta
small coin
pionek
chess: figure other than pawn; similar counter in other games
sztuka
single item belonging to a class of similar items
sztuka dzieło praca utwór
artistic creation

piece of cake /ˈpiːsə(v)ˈkeɪk/ n
bułka z masłem
simple or easy job

piece of furniture n
mebel
item of furniture

piece of paper n
papierek
sheet or scrap of paper

piece of shit n
zasraniec
a despicable person

piece work n
akord
type of work

piecemeal /ˈpiːs.miːl/ adj
fragmentaryczny wyrywkowy
Made or done in pieces or one stage at a time

piecemeal /ˈpiːs.miːl/ adv
na kawałki
into pieces or parts
po kawałku po trochu
piece by piece

pieceworker n
akordowiec akordnik
A worker paid according to the number of units produced

pied /paɪd/ adj
pstry
decorated or colored in blotches

pied bushchat n
kląskawka czarna
Saxicola caprata

pied kingfisher n
rybaczek srokaty
Ceryle rudis

pied wheatear n
białorzytka pstra
Oenanthe pleschanka

pied-à-terre /pi.eɪ.dəˈtɛə/ /pi.eɪ.dəˈtɛɹ/ n
stancja
smaller secondary lodging

piedfort n
podwójnie gruba moneta

piemontite /ˈpiməntaɪt/ /ˈpiːmɒntaɪt/ n
piemontyt
mineral

pier /pɪ(ə)ɹ/ /pɪɹ/ n
filar
structure supporting the junction between two spans of a bridge
rectangular pillar, or similar structure, that supports an arch, wall or roof
molo
similar structure used to provide entertainment
molo pomost
raised platform built from the shore out over water
pirs
structure used to accommodate ships

piercing /ˈpɪəsɪŋ/ /ˈpɪɹsɪŋ/ n
piercing
hole for jewelry

pierogi /pəˈɹoːɡi/ /pɛˈɾoːɡi/ n
pieróg
dumpling

pietism /ˈpʌɪətɪz(ə)m/ n
pietyzm
movement in the Lutheran church

piety /ˈpaɪ.ɪ.ti/ n
pobożność bogobojność
reverence and devotion to God

piffle /ˈpɪf.əl/ v
mówić bzdury zachowywać się głupio
to act or speak in a futile, ineffective, or nonsensical manner

pig /ˈpɪɡ/ n
pies
derogatory slang for police officer
świnia
mammal of genus Sus
świntuch
nasty or disgusting person

pig Latin n
świńska łacina
wordplay

pig in a poke n
kot w worku kupować kota w worku
something whose true value is concealed or unknown

pig iron n
surówka
type of crude iron

pigeon /ˈpɪ.d͡ʒən/ /ˈpɪ.d͡ʒɪn/ n
gołąb
bird of the dove and pigeon family Columbidae

pigeon fancier n
gołębiarz
A person who keeps pigeons as pets

pigeonhole principle n
zasada szufladkowa
combinatorial theorem

piggy bank n
skarbonka świnka-skarbonka
small container to store small saved coins in

piggyback adv
na barana
on somebody's back or shoulders

piglet /ˈpɪɡ.lət/ n
prosię prosiak browek
young pig

pigment /ˈpɪɡ.mənt/ n
pigment
any color in plant or animal cells
dry colorant

pigment /ˈpɪɡ.mənt/ v
pigmentować
add color or pigment

pigshit n
gówno świni

pigsty /ˈpɪɡstaɪ/ n
chlew
enclosure where pigs are kept
dirty or very untidy place

pigtail /ˈpɪɡ.teɪl/ n
kucyk mysi ogonek warkocz warkoczyk
braided plait of hair
świński ogon
tail of a pig

pika /ˈpaɪkə/ n
szczekuszka
furry mammal of the family Ochotonidae

pike /paɪk/ n
pika dzida spisa
long spear
szczupak
fish of the genus Esox
szpic sztych
sharp point

pike pole n
bosak
tool

pilaf n
pilaw
dish

pilaster /pɪˈlastə/ /pɪˈlæstɚ/ n
pilaster
a column attached to the wall

pile /paɪl/ n
stos sterta
heap

pile driver n
kafar
machine for forcing a pile into the ground

pile up v
nawarstwiać się nawarstwić się
idiomatic: to accumulate

pile-up n
karambol
pile of crashed cars

pileous /ˈpɪliəs/ adj
włosowy
of, pertaining to, or consisting of hair

pileus /ˈpɪliəs/ n
kapelusz
the cap of a mushroom
pilos
felt hat worn in ancient Rome and Greece

pilfer /ˈpɪl.fə/ /ˈpɪl.fɚ/ v
podkradać
to steal in small quantities

pilgrim /ˈpɪlɡɹɪm/ n
pielgrzym pątnik
traveler, especially to religious sites

pilgrimage /ˈpɪlɡɹɪmɪd͡ʒ/ n
pielgrzymka pąć
religious journey, or one to a sacred place

pilgrimage /ˈpɪlɡɹɪmɪd͡ʒ/ v
pielgrzymować
to go on a pilgrimage

pill /pɪl/ [pʰɪɫ] n
pigułka tabletka antykoncepcyjna
contraceptive pill
pigułka tabletka pastylka
small object for swallowing

pill /pɪl/ [pʰɪɫ] v
mechacić się zmechacić się
to form small matted balls of fiber

pillage /ˈpɪl.əd͡ʒ/ /ˈpɪl.ɪd͡ʒ/ v
plądrować
loot or plunder by force

pillar /ˈpɪlə/ /ˈpɪlɚ/ n
filar
large post, often used as supporting architecture
filar podstawa
essential part of something

pillory /ˈpɪləɹi/ n
dyby gąsior
framework on a post used as a means of punishment and humiliation

pillow /ˈpɛloʊ/ /ˈpɪloʊ/ /ˈpɪləʊ/ n
poduszka zagłówek
soft cushion used to support the head in bed

pillowcase /ˈpɘlɐʉˌkæes/ /ˈpɘlɘˌkæes/ /ˈpɪloʊˌkeɪs/ /ˈpɪləʊˌkeɪs/ /ˈpɪləˌkeɪs/ n
poszewka powłoczka
sheet for covering a pillow

pilot /ˈpaɪlət/ adj
pilotażowy próbny testowy
made or used as a test

pilot /ˈpaɪlət/ n
pilot
person who helps navigate the harbor or coast
sample TV series episode
pilot lotniczka lotnik pilotka
controller of aircraft
sternik
steerer

pilot /ˈpaɪlət/ v
pilotować
to control an aircraft or watercraft
to guide through coastal waters
prowadzić program pilotażowy
to test

pilot whale n
grindwal
either of two species of whale

piloti n
podparcie nad wodą

pilotless adj
bezpilotowy
not having a pilot

pimp /pɪmp/ n
alfons sutener
prostitution solicitor

pimp up v
odpicować odpicowywać picować
informal: to decorate, prettify

pimpernel /ˈpɪmpənɛl/ n
kurzyślad
plant of genus Anagallis

pimping /ˈpɪmpɪŋ/ n
stręczycielstwo sutenerstwo
practise of procuring prostitutes

pimple /ˈpɪmp(ə)l/ n
pryszcz krosta
inflamed spot on the surface of the skin

pin /pɪn/ [pʰɪn] n
kręgiel
slender object specially designed for use in bowling
styk
electricity: any of the individual connecting elements of a multi-pole electrical connector
szpilka
needle without an eye, used for fastening
zawleczka
cylinder of wood or metal used to fasten or as a bearing between two parts
związanie
in chess

pin /pɪn/ [pʰɪn] v
przyszpilać przyszpilić
to fasten/attach with a pin

pince-nez /pænsˈneɪ/ /pæ̃sˈneɪ/ n
binokle cwikier
type of eyeglasses

pincer attack n
manewr okrążający
attack from multiple sides

pincers /ˈpɪnsəɹz/ n
obcęgi kleszcze
gripping tool

pinch /pɪnt͡ʃ/ n
szczypanie szczypnięcie
action of squeezing a small amount of skin
szczypta
small amount of powder

pinch /pɪnt͡ʃ/ v
szczypać szczypnąć
to squeeze a small amount of skin

pincushion /ˈpɪnˌkʊʃ(ə)n/ /ˈpɪnˌkʊʃn̩/ n
poduszeczka podduszeczka na igły
device designed to have sewing pins and needles stuck into it

pindjur n
pindżur

pine /paɪn/ n
sosna
tree of the genus Pinus
wood of pine tree
tree which resembles pine in some respect
tęsknota
painful longing

pine /paɪn/ v
marnieć oklapnąć stracić werwę/animusz słabnąć
to languish, to droop
obchodzić żałobę opłakiwać
to grieve or mourn for
usychać z tęsknoty umierać z tęsknoty
to long for sufferingly
znęcać się
to inflict pain upon; to torment; to torture; to afflict

pine bunting n
trznadel białogłowy
Emberiza leucocephalos

pine grosbeak n
łuskowiec
Pinicola enucleator

pine needle n
igła sosnowa
leaf of a pine tree

pine nut /ˈpaɪn ˌnʌt/ n
orzeszek piniowy
edible seeds of evergreen pine

pineal gland /ˈpaɪ.niːəl ˌɡlænd/ /ˈpɪ.niːəl ˌɡlænd/ n
szyszynka
small endocrine gland

pineapple /ˈpaɪnæpəl/ /ˈpaɪnəpəl/ /ˌpaɪnˈæpəl/ n
ananas
plant
fruit

pineapplelike adj
ananasowaty

pinery n
ananasarnia
hothouse

pinesap n
korzeniówka
Monotropa hypopitys

pinewood n
bór las sosnowy
forest or grove of pines
sośnina
wood of the pine

pinhead /ˈpɪn.hɛd/ n
kurzy móżdżek ptasi móżdżek
foolish or stupid person

pink /pɪŋk/ [pʰɪŋk] adj
różowy róż
colored/coloured between red and white

pink /pɪŋk/ [pʰɪŋk] n
goździk
flower
róż różowy
pale red colour

pink elephant n
białe myszki

pink salmon n
gorbusza
Oncorhynchus gorbuscha)

pink-footed goose n
gęś krótkodzioba
Anser brachyrhynchus

pinky promise n
obietnica na mały palec
promise made by entwining pinky fingers

pinna /ˈpɪnə/ n
małżowina uszna ucho zewnętrzne
visible part of the ear

pinnacle /ˈpɪnəkəl/ n
pinakiel sterczyna fiala
architecture: an upright member

pinniped n
płetwonogie
marine mammal

pinocytosis n
pinocytoza
a form of endocytosis

pinscher /ˈpɪnʃə(ɹ)/ n
pinczer
dog breed

pint /paɪnt/ n
pinta półkwarta
unit of volume for liquids

pinwheel n
wiatraczek
fake flower for children

pinworm n
owsica
worms

pion /ˈpaɪɒn/ n
pion
particle

pioneer /ˌpaɪ.əˈniɹ/ /ˌpaɪ.əˈnɪə(ɹ)/ /ˌpaɪ.əˈnɪɹ/ n
pionier
member of a child organization in the Soviet bloc
soldier
pionier apostoł apostołka
one who goes before

pioneer species n
gatunek pionierski
pioneer species

pioneering adj
pionierski nowatorski
involving new ideas or methods

pious /ˈpaɪəs/ adj
pobożny nabożny bogobojny zbożny
of or pertaining to piety

pip /pɪp/ n
pestka
seed

pipa n
pipa
Chinese lute

pipe /paɪp/ n
fujarka piszczałka
type of wind instrument
kreska pionowa
the character
piszczałka
organ pipe
potok
computing: mechanism that enables one program to communicate with another
rura
rigid tube
rurki
type of pasta

pipe dream n
marzenie ściętej głowy miraż mrzonka
near impossibility

pipeline /ˈpaɪpˌlaɪn/ n
rurociąg
conduit made of pipes

pipette /paɪˈpɛt/ /pɪˈpɛt/ n
pipeta
small glass tube used for transferring liquid

piping hot /ˌpaɪ.pɪŋ ˈhɒt/ /ˌpaɪpɪŋ ˈhɑt/ adj
wrzący
very hot

pipistrelle /pɪpɪˈstɹɛl/ n
karlik
bat of the genus Pipistrellus

pipit /ˈpɪpɪt/ n
świergotek
passerine bird from the genus Anthus

piquancy n
pikanteria
degree to which something is piquant

piracy /ˈpaɪɹəsi/ n
piractwo
robbery at sea
unauthorized duplication

piranha /pɪˈɹæn(j)ə/ /pɪˈɹɑn(j)ə/ /pɪˈɹɑːn(j)ə/ n
pirania
South American fish

piranha solution n
roztwór pirania
solution

pirate /ˈpaɪ̯(ə)ɹət/ /ˈpaɪ̯(ə)ɹɪt/ adj
piracki
illegal imitated or reproduced

pirate /ˈpaɪ̯(ə)ɹət/ /ˈpaɪ̯(ə)ɹɪt/ n
pirat
one who breaks intellectual property laws
pirat korsarz
one who plunders at sea

pirate /ˈpaɪ̯(ə)ɹət/ /ˈpaɪ̯(ə)ɹɪt/ v
piracić piratować
make and/or sell an illegal copy

pirouette /ˌpɪ.ɹuːˈɛt/ /ˌpɪ.ɹəˈwɛt/ /ˌpɪ.ɹʊˈɛt/ n
piruet
whirling or turning on the toes
the whirling about of a horse

pirozhki /pɪˈɹɒʃkɪ/ /pɪˈɹɒʒkɪ/ n
pirożki
small pastries

piscatory adj
rybacki
of, about, or pertaining to the act of fishing

pisciculture /ˈpɪsɪˌkʌlt͡ʃə(ɹ)/ n
hodowla ryb
rearing of fish

piscine /ˈpaɪsaɪn/ /ˈpaɪsin/ /ˈpɪsaɪn/ /ˈpɪsin/ /ˈpɪskaɪn/ /ˈpɪsɪn/ adj
rybi
of, pertaining to, or characteristic of fish; ichthyic

piscivore /ˈpɪs(k)ɪvɔː/ /ˈpɪsɪvɔɹ/ n
rybojad
fish eater

piscivorous /pɪˈsɪvəɹəs/ adj
rybożerny
fish

piss /pɪs/ n
siki
urine

piss /pɪs/ v
szczać sikać

piss it down v
lać jak z cebra
to rain heavily

piss oneself v
poszczać się (ze strachu) zeszczać się (ze strachu)
vulgar slang: be very scared
poszczać się (ze śmiechu) zeszczać się (ze śmiechu)
vulgar slang: laugh uncontrollably
poszczać się zeszczać się
vulgar slang: wet oneself

piss water n
sikacz
cheap, inferior alcoholic drink

pissed /pɪst/ adj
pijany
drunk

pissed as a newt adj
nawalony jak Messerschmitt nawalony jak stodoła nawalony jak szpadel pijany jak świnia zalany w sztok zalany w trupa
drunk to the point of incapacity; inebriated

pissed off adj
wkurwiony wkurzony
annoyed, upset, angry

pistachio /pɪsˈtæʃi.əʊ/ /pɪsˈtæʃioʊ/ /pɪsˈtɑʃioʊ/ n
pistacja
fruit
tree

pistachio green adj
pistacjowy

pistachio green n
pistacja

pistil n
słupek
a discrete unit in the center of a flower which receives the pollen and produces a fruit

pistol /ˈpɪstəl/ n
pistolet
handgun

piston /ˈpɪstən/ n
odrzut
in firearms
tłok
solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder

piston ring n
pierścień tłokowy
ring around a piston

pit /pɪt/ [pʰɪʔt] n
jama dół
hole in the ground
pestka
the stone of a drupaceous fruit

pit bull terrier n
pitbul pitbull pitbullterier pitbulterier
breed of dog

pita /ˈpiːtə/ /ˈpɪtə/ n
pita
bread pouch used for making sandwiches

pitch /pɪt͡ʃ/ n
smoła
dark, extremely viscous material made by distilling tar
żywica
sticky, gummy substance secreted by trees
bajer
effort to sell or promote something
boisko pole
field on which cricket, soccer, rugby, gridiron or field hockey is played
kąt
angle at which an object sits
odstęp rozstaw
distance between evenly spaced objects
rzut
act of pitching a baseball
throw, toss or cast from the hand
wysokość dźwięku
the perceived frequency of a sound or note

pitch /pɪt͡ʃ/ v
rozbić złożyć
to assemble or erect (a tent)
rzucić rzucać
to throw

pitch accent n
akcent toniczny
phonology

pitcher /ˈpɪtʃə/ /ˈpɪt͡ʃɚ/ n
miotacz
the player who throws the ball to the batter
dzban
A wide-mouthed, deep vessel for holding liquids

pitcher plant n
dzbanecznik
plant of the genus Nepenthes
kapturnica
plant of the genus Sarracenia

pitchfork /ˈpɪt͡ʃˌfɔɹk/ n
widły
farm tool with tines

pitchstone n
smołowiec
natural glass

pith /pɪθ/ n
medula miękisz
soft, spongy substance inside plant parts

pithouse n
ziemianka
primitive building

pithy /ˈpɪθi/ adj
zwięzły
Concise and meaningful

pitiful /ˈpɪt.ɪ.fl̩/ adj
żałosny
so appalling or sad that one feels or should feel sorry for it

pitiless /ˈpɪtɪləs/ adj
bezlitosny niemiłosierny
having no pity

pitman /ˈpɪt.mən/ n
górnik
one who works in a pit

pittance /ˈpɪtəns/ [ˈpʰɪʔn̩s] n
ostatki resztki
small allowance of food and drink; a scanty meal

pituitary /pɪˈtjuːɪt(ə)ɹi/ /pɪˈtuɪˌtɛɹi/ /pɪˈt͡ʃuːɪt(ə)ɹi/ n
przysadka
pituitary gland

pituitary gland n
przysadka mózgowa
an endocrine gland, about the size of a pea, that sits in a small, bony cavity at the base of the brain whose secretions control the other endocrine glands and influence growth, metabolism and maturation

pity /ˈpɪ.ti/ n
litość współczucie
feeling of sympathy
szkoda
something regrettable

pity /ˈpɪ.ti/ v
żałować pożałować

pivot /ˈpɪv.ət/ n
rdzeń sworzeń trzpień
that on which something turns

pivot table n
tabela przestawna
automatic summary table

pivotal /ˈpɪvətəl/ adj
kluczowe
being of crucial importance; central, key

pixel /ˈpɪksəl/ /ˈpɪksɛl/ n
piksel
one of the tiny dots that make up the representation of an image in a computer's memory

pizza /ˈpiːt.sə/ [ˈpʰit.sə] adj
pizza
baked Italian dish
a single instance of that dish

pizza cutter n
radełko do pizzy
wheel-bladed knife

pizzeria /ˌpiːt.səˈɹiː.ə/ n
pizzeria
outlet that primarily sells pizza

pièce de résistance /piˈɛs də ɹəˈzɪs.tɑ̃s/ n
gwóźdź programu
masterpiece

piñata /pɪnˈjæ.tə/ /pɪnˈjɑː.tə/ n
piniata
candy-filled container that is hit with a stick

placard /ˈplæk.ɑɹd/ /ˈplæk.ɑːd/ /ˈplæk.ɚd/ n
afisz plakat
a sheet of paper or cardboard

place /pleɪs/ [pl̥eɪs] n
miejsce
any area of the earth
miejsce punkt
location, position
miejsce siedzenie
area one occupies, particularly for sitting
plac miejsce
open space, courtyard, market square

place of articulation n
miejsce artykulacji
point of contact

place of worship n
miejsce modlitwy
place where people can practise their faith

placebo /pləˈsi.boʊ/ /pləˈsiː.bəʊ/ n
placebo
a dummy medicine containing no active ingredients; an inert treatment

placebo effect n
efekt placebo
tendency for a substance to exhibit results due to belief of the recipient

placeholder /ˈpleɪsˌhoʊldɚ/ n
symbol zastępczy zamiennik
that which holds, denotes or reserves a place for something to come later

placenta /pləˈsɛntə/ n
łożysko
anatomy: placenta

placid /ˈplæs.ɪd/ adj
spokojny łagodny
calm and quiet; peaceful

plafond /pləˈfɒn(d)/ n
plafon
decorated ceiling
painting or decoration itself

plagiarism /ˈpleɪd͡ʒəˌɹɪzm/ n
plagiat
act of plagiarizing or something plagiarized
copying of someone's ideas

plagiarist /ˈpleɪd͡ʒəɹɪst/ n
plagiator plagiatorka
one who plagiarizes

plagiarize /ˈpleɪd͡ʒi.əɹaɪz/ /ˈpleɪd͡ʒəɹaɪz/ v
plagiatować zrzynać
use, and pass off as one's own, someone else's writing/speech

plague /pleɪɡ/ /plɛɡ/ [pʰl̥eɪɡ] [pʰɫ̥ɛːɡ] n
dżuma
specific disease "the Plague"
mangina
widespread affliction, calamity

plaice /pleɪs/ n
gładzica
Pleuronectes platessa

plaid /plad/ /pled/ /plæd/ n
pled
piece of clothing
w kratkę
pattern

plain /pleɪn/ [pl̥eɪn] adj
nieprzyprawiony nieprzyprawny
unseasoned
prosty zwyczajny zwykły
ordinary; lacking adornment or ornamentation

plain /pleɪn/ [pl̥eɪn] n
równina
an expanse of land with relatively low relief

plain Jane n
szara mysz
young woman of average or unremarkable appearance

plain as day adj
jak na dłoni

plain leaf warbler n
świstunka afgańska
Phylloscopus neglectus

plain-winged antshrike n
chronka czarnoglowa
bird

plaintiff /ˈpleɪntɪf/ n
powód powódka
party bringing a suit in civil law against a defendant

plan /plæn/ [plɛən] [pʰl̥æn] n
abrys schemat
technical drawing
plan
2-dimensional drawing from above
set of intended actions

plan /plæn/ [plɛən] [pʰl̥æn] v
planować zaplanować
to create a plan for
to intend
projektować zaprojektować
to design

plan out v
rozplanować rozplanowywać
make a plan for

planation /pleɪˈneɪʃən/ /pləˈneɪʃən/ n
gradacja planacja
The formation of a flat surface

planche /plɑːnt͡ʃ/ n
deska
position where the gymnast is horizontal and face-down

plane /pleɪn/ adj
poziomy płaski równy
of a surface: flat or level.

plane /pleɪn/ n
poziom wymiar
level of existence
płaszczyzna
geometry: flat surface extending infinitely in all directions
równia
level or flat surface
strug hebel
a tool
samolot
airplane
platan
deciduous tree

plane /pleɪn/ v
heblować strugać
to smooth with a plane
szybować
to glide

plane angle n
kąt płaski
angle formed by two intersecting straight lines

plane tree n
platan
tree

planet /ˈplænət/ /ˈplænɪt/ n
planeta
each of the seven major bodies which move relative to the fixed stars in the night sky
rocky or gaseous spherical bodies orbiting the Sun
similar body in orbit around a star

planetarium /plænɪˈtɛːɹɪəm/ n
planetarium
museum which displays images of space

planetary nebula n
mgławica planetarna
nebulosity

planetary science n
planetologia
branch of astronomy

planetary system n
system planetarny układ planetarny

planetesimal n
planetozymal
a small, solid astronomical object

planetoid n
planetoida
any of several larger astral bodies

planetology n
planetologia
the study of planets

planimeter n
planimetr
measuring device

planimetry n
planimetria

plank /plæŋk/ n
deska
long, broad and thick piece of timber
physical exercise

plankton /ˈplæŋk.tən/ n
plankton
generic term for all the organisms that float in the sea

planktonic /plaŋkˈtɒnɪk/ /plæŋkˈtɑnɪk/ adj
planktonowy
of or pertaining to plankton

planless adj
bezplanowy

planlessly adv
bezplanowo

planlessness n
bezplanowość

planned economy n
gospodarka nakazowo-rozdzielcza gospodarka planowa
economy in which government directly manages

planning permission /ˈplænɪŋ pəˈmɪʃən/ /ˈplænɪŋ pɚˈmɪʃən/ n
projekt budowlany
legal permission granted by a government authority to construct on one's land, or to change the use of the land

plant /plænt/ /plɑːnt/ [pʰl̥eənt] [pʰl̥ænt] [pʰl̥ɑːnt] n
roślina
organism capable of photosynthesis
organism of the kingdom Plantae
ecology: multicellular eukaryote that includes chloroplasts in its cells
roślina zielna roślina
a small or herbaceous organism, rather than a tree

plant /plænt/ /plɑːnt/ [pʰl̥eənt] [pʰl̥ænt] [pʰl̥ɑːnt] v
podkładać podrzucać podrzucić podłożyć
to place (an object, or sometimes a person), often with the implication of intending deceit
sadzić zasadzić
to place in soil or other substrate in order that it may live and grow

plant-based adj
roślinny
consisting mostly or wholly of foods derived from plants

plantain /ˈplæn.teɪn/ /ˈplæntɪn/ /ˈplɑːntɪn/ [ˈplaː(n)ʔn̩] n
babka
small plant
banan rajski banan właściwy banan zwyczajny figa błogosławiona figa rajska muza
fruit

plantaris n
mięsień podeszwowy
muscle from the knee to the heel

plantation /plænˈteɪʃən/ n
plantacja
large farm

planter /ˈplæntə(ɹ)/ /ˈplɑːntə(ɹ)/ n
plantator
owner of a plantation

plaque /plak/ /plaːk/ /plæk/ /plɑːk/ [pʰl̥æk] n
blaszka
abnormal accumulation of material in or on an organ of the body, often associated with disease
płyta tablica
flat, thin piece of clay, ivory, metal, etc., used for ornament
tablica pamiątkowa
piece of flat metal with writing on it to remind people of a person or event

plasma /ˈplæzmə/ n
plazma
high energy state of matter
plazma osocze
component of blood

plasmalemmal adj
błonowy

plasmon /ˈplazmɒn/ n
plazmon
quanta of waves

plaster /ˈpla.stə/ /ˈplæs.tɚ/ /ˈplɑː.stə/ n
gips
healing paste
cast
gips tynk
mixture for coating

plaster /ˈpla.stə/ /ˈplæs.tɚ/ /ˈplɑː.stə/ v
tynkować
to cover with plaster

plaster cast n
gips
healing aid

plasterer n
tynkarz
a person who plasters walls

plasterwork /ˈplæstɚˌwɝk/ n
otynkowanie
work in plaster

plastic /ˈplæstɪk/ /ˈplɑːstɪk/ [ˈpʰlæstɪk] adj
plastikowy plastik
made of plastic

plastic /ˈplæstɪk/ /ˈplɑːstɪk/ [ˈpʰlæstɪk] n
plastik
synthetic thermoplastic polymer
any similar synthetic material

plastic art n
sztuki plastyczne
three-dimensional art form

plastic bag n
reklamówka foliówka zrywka
type of packaging

plastic explosive n
plastik
explosive material

plastic surgery n
chirurgia plastyczna plastyka
surgery involving the transfer of tissue

plasticity /ˈplæs.tɪs.ɪ.ti/ /ˈplɑːs.tɪs.ɪ.ti/ [ˈplæs.tɪs.ɪ.ɾi] [ˈpʰlæs.tɪs.ɪ.ti] [ˈpʰlæs.tɪs.ɪ.ɾi] n
plastyczność
property of a solid body

plasticizer /ˈplæs.tɪ.saɪ.zə/ n
plastifikator zmiękczacz
substance added for pliability in plastics

plastid n
plastyd
any of various organelles

plastron /ˈplæstɹən/ n
plastron
breastplate
fencing
film of air trapped by specialized hairs against the body of an aquatic insect
men's shirt
part of the shell structure of a tortoise

plat du jour n
danie dnia

plate /pleɪt/ [pʰl̥eɪt] n
blacha tablica rejestracyjna
vehicle license plate
danie
course at a meal
klisza
printing, photography: image or copy
printing: engraved surface used to transfer an image to paper
płyta
flat metallic object
tabliczka znamionowa
VIN plate
talerz
flat dish

plate girder n
blachownica

plate tectonics n
tektonika płyt
large-scale movement of tectonic plates

plateau /plæˈtoʊ/ /ˈplætəʊ/ n
płaskowyż plateau
high, level expanse

platelet n
trombocyt płytka krwi
particle found in the blood of mammals

platform /ˈplætfɔɹm/ /ˈplætfɔːm/ n
peron platforma
travel: raised structure for passengers

platform game n
gra platformowa platformówka
A video game characterized by jumping to and from suspended platforms or over obstacles

platinum /pləˈtaɪn.əm/ /pləˈtiːn.əm/ /pləˈtɪn.əm/ /ˈplæt.nəm/ /ˈplæt.n̩.əm/ /ˈplæt.ɪn.əm/ adj
platynowa platynowy
musical recording

platinum /pləˈtaɪn.əm/ /pləˈtiːn.əm/ /pləˈtɪn.əm/ /ˈplæt.nəm/ /ˈplæt.n̩.əm/ /ˈplæt.ɪn.əm/ n
platyna
metal

platonic /pləˈtɑnɪk/ /pləˈtɒnɪk/ /pləˈtɔnɪk/ adj
platoniczny
not sexual in nature

platonic love n
miłość platoniczna
intimate but non-sexual affection

platonically adv
platonicznie
in a platonic manner

platoon /pləˈtuːn/ n
pluton
unit of 30-40 soldiers

platter n
półmisek
tray for serving food
talerz
hard disc component

platypus /ˈplætɪpəs/ /ˈplætɪˌpʊs/ n
dziobak
Ornithorhynchus anatinus

plausible /ˈploː.zɪ.bəl/ /ˈplɑ.zɪ.bəl/ /ˈplɔː.zə.bəl/ /ˈplɔː.zɪ.bəl/ adj
chwalebny godny pochwały
worthy of being applauded
wiarygodny do przyjęcia prawdopodobny
likely, acceptable

plausible deniability n
wiarygodne zaprzeczenie
organization of a clandestine activity

play /pleɪ/ [pʰl̥eɪ̯] n
gra
individual's performance in a sport
sztuka
literary composition intended to be represented
sztuka przedstawienie spektakl
theatrical performance
zabawa
playful activity

play /pleɪ/ [pʰl̥eɪ̯] v
bawić się grać
act in a manner such that one has fun
grać
produce music using a musical instrument (intransitive sense, not affecting a noun)
grać w grać
participate in (a sport or game)
grać muzykować
produce music using a musical instrument (transitive sense), affecting a noun
grać odtwarzać puścić
use a device to watch or listen to the indicated recording
grać występować
act in a performance

play big v
mierzyć wysoko

play both sides against the middle v
siedzieć na dwóch stołkach

play by ear v
grać ze słuchu
play music guided by one's musical ear
improwizować puszczać na żywioł puścić na żywioł
do by guessing

play dirty v
grać nieczysto
to act dishonestly

play doctor v
bawić się w doktora
to engage in sexual role-play of a medical nature

play dumb v
udawać Greka udać Greka
to pretend to be slow-witted

play fair v
grać czysto grać uczciwie
to behave equitably

play for love v
grać dla zabawy
To play a game of cards without stakes

play gooseberry v
być piątym kołem u wozu
to serve as a chaperon

play hardball v
iść po trupach pójść po trupach

play hooky v
iść na wagary pójść na wagary
to stay away from school, work, etc. without suitable permission or excuse

play into someone's hands v
działać na czyjąś korzyść
to act to someone's advantage

play it safe v
dmuchać na zimne
take a cautious, risk-free approach

play it straight v
grać w otwarte karty
to behave in a manner that is straightforward, honest, or sincere

play on words n
gra słów
pun or similar humorous use of language

play second fiddle v
grać drugie skrzypce
idiomatic

play small v
mierzyć nisko

play the game v
trzymać się zasad
behave fairly

play the hand one is dealt v
używać tego, co jest dostępne

play tricks v
płatać figle spłatać figle
figuratively: to deceive

play truant v
wagarować
be absent from school without permission

play with v
bawić się
literarally
to fiddle with

play with fire v
igrać z ogniem bawić się zapałkami
put oneself in a precarious situation

playability n
grywalność
overall quality of gameplay
property of being playable

playback n
playback
replaying of recorded sound or moving images

playboy /ˈpleɪbɔɪ/ /ˈpleɪˌbɔɪ/ n
playboy
man who devotes himself to pleasure

playdate /pleɪ.deɪt/ n
kinderbal
The occasion of a child having a friend come over to play at their house

player /ˈpleɪə(ɹ)/ /ˈpleɪɚ/ n
aktor aktorka
dramatic actor
gracz zawodnik graczka zawodniczka
one who plays any game or sport
muzyk gracz
one who plays a musical instrument
odtwarzacz gracz
electronic device
software application

player piano n
pianola samogrające pianino
music

playful /ˈpleɪfəl/ adj
żartobliwy
funny, humorous, jesting, frolicsome

playground /ˈpleɪɡɹaʊnd/ n
plac zabaw
large open space to play on, usually for children
small area for children

playing card n
karta karta do gry
one of usually 52 rectangular pieces of card

playing field n
boisko
field on which a game is played

playlist /ˈpleɪˌlɪst/ /ˈpɫæɪ̯ˌɫɪst/ n
lista odtwarzania playlista
computing
playlista
record

playoff n
baraż repasaż
series game

playpen n
kojec (dla dziecka)
enclosure for children to play in

playwright /ˈpleɪˌɹaɪt/ n
dramatopisarz dramaturg
writer of plays for the theatre

plaza /ˈplæzə/ /ˈplɑːzə/ n
plac
a towns' public square

pleach /plit͡ʃ/ /pliːtʃ/ n
plecenie
act or result of interweaving
plecionka
hedge or lattice created by interweaving the branches of shrubs, trees, etc.

pleach /plit͡ʃ/ /pliːtʃ/ v
pleść
to unite by interweaving

plead /pliːd/ /plɛd/ v
błagać
to beg

pleasant /ˈplɛzənt/ adj
przyjemny
giving pleasure; pleasing in manner

pleasantly /ˈplɛzəntli/ adv
miło
in a pleasant manner

please /pliz/ /pliːz/ adv
błagam błagam cię proszę cię
expression of annoyance or impatience
proszę poprosiłbym
interjection to make a polite request

please /pliz/ /pliːz/ v
zadowalać cieszyć dogadzać dogodzić sprawiać przyjemność sprawić przyjemność
to make happy or satisfy

please help me phraseologicalUnit
proszę pomóż mi
please help me

please pass the salt phraseologicalUnit
proszę podać sól proszę, podaj sól
please pass the salt

please repeat after me phraseologicalUnit
proszę powtarzać za mną
phrase

please say that again phraseologicalUnit
Mogłabyś powtórzyć? Mógłbyś powtórzyć? Przepraszam, mogłaby pani powtórzyć? Przepraszam, mógłby pan powtórzyć?
please say that again

please sit down phraseologicalUnit
proszę usiąść
please sit down

please speak more slowly phraseologicalUnit
proszę mówić wolniej
please speak more slowly

please turn left phraseologicalUnit
proszę skręcić w lewo
please turn left

please turn right phraseologicalUnit
proszę skręcić w prawo
please turn right

pleased to meet you phraseologicalUnit
miło mi Pana poznać miło mi Panią poznać miło mi Państwa poznać miło mi cię poznać miło mi was poznać
polite formula used when being introduced to somebody

pleasing /ˈplizɪŋ/ /ˈpliːzɪŋ/ adj
miły przyjemny
giving pleasure

pleasing fungus beetle /ˈplizɪŋ ˈfʌŋɡəs ˈbitl̩/ /ˈplizɪŋ ˈfʌŋɡəs ˈbiɾl̩/ /ˈpliːzɪŋ ˈfʌŋɡəs ˈbiːtəl/ n
zadrzewkowate
beetle of the family Erotylidae

pleasurable /ˈplɛʒəɹəbəl/ adj
przyjemny
that gives pleasure

pleasure /ˈplɛʒə/ /ˈplɛʒɚ/ n
przyjemność
a state of being pleased

pleasure craft n
łódź spacerowa
boat used for recreation

pleat /pliːt/ n
plisa
fold in a fabric of a garment

plebeian /pliˈbiːən/ /plɛˈbiːən/ adj
plebejski
of or pertaining to the common people

plebeian /pliˈbiːən/ /plɛˈbiːən/ n
plebejusz
one of the common people of ancient Rome

plebiscite /-sɪt/ /ˈplɛbəˌsaɪt/ /ˈplɛbɪsaɪt/ n
plebiscyt
direct popular vote on an issue of public importance

plebs /plɛbz/ n
plebs
The common people

plectrum /ˈplɛk.tɹəm/ n
plektron kostka
music: small piece for plucking strings

pledge /plɛd͡ʒ/ n
obietnica
solemn promise
zastaw
delivery of personal property to secure the payment of a debt

pledge /plɛd͡ʒ/ v
obiecać
to make a solemn promise
złożyć zastaw
to deposit something as a security; to pawn

pleiad n
plejada
group of people

plenary /ˈpliːnəɹi/ /ˈplɛnəɹi/ adj
plenarny walny
fully attended

plenipotentiary /plɛn.ɪ.poʊˈtɛn.ʃ(i)əɹ.i/ /plɛn.ɪ.pəˈtɛn.ʃi.ɛɹ.i/ /ˌplɛn.ɪ.pəʊˈtɛn.ʃi.əɹ.i/ /ˌplɛn.ɪ.pəʊˈtɛn.ʃəɹ.i/ adj
pełnomocny
invested with full power
of or relating to a plenipotentiary

plenipotentiary /plɛn.ɪ.poʊˈtɛn.ʃ(i)əɹ.i/ /plɛn.ɪ.pəˈtɛn.ʃi.ɛɹ.i/ /ˌplɛn.ɪ.pəʊˈtɛn.ʃi.əɹ.i/ /ˌplɛn.ɪ.pəʊˈtɛn.ʃəɹ.i/ n
pełnomocnik ambasador
person invested with supreme authority

pleonasm /ˈpliː.əˌnæz.əm/ n
pleonazm
redundancy in wording
phrase involving pleonasm

pleonastic /ˌpliː.əˈnæs.tɪk/ adj
pleonastyczny pleonazmiczny
of, or relating to pleonasm

pleophony n
pełnogłos
disyllabic reflex in East Slavic languages

plesiosaur /ˈpliːsiəsɔːɹ/ n
plezjozaur
extinct marine reptile

pleura /ˈplʊə.ɹə/ /ˈplʊɹ.ə/ n
opłucna
serous membrane that covers the lungs and thorax

plexiglass n
pleksiglas
polymethyl methacrylate

pliability n
elastyczność giętkość sprężystość
being pliable

pliable /ˈplaɪəbəl/ adj
gibki giętki
easily bent or formed

plicate /plaɪˈkeɪt/ /plɪˈkeɪt/ /ˈplaɪ.keɪt/ /ˈplaɪkət/ adj
składany
folded

plicate /plaɪˈkeɪt/ /plɪˈkeɪt/ /ˈplaɪ.keɪt/ /ˈplaɪkət/ v
składać
biology: to fold

pliers /ˈplaɪ.ə(ɹ)z/ n
cęgi szczypce cążki kombinerki kleszcze
gripping tool which multiplies the strength of the user's hand

plight /plaɪt/ n
kłopoty tarapaty
unfortunate situation

plimsoll /ˈplɪmsoʊl/ n
trampek
early sports shoes

plodder n
grzebuła guzdrała maruda maruder ślamazara ślamazarnik
a person who works slowly

plonk /plɑŋk/ /plɒŋk/ n
sikacz
cheap or inferior wine

plop /plɒp/ n
pluśnięcie
A sound or action like liquid hitting a hard surface

plot /plɑt/ /plɒt/ n
areał działka rola
area of land used for building on or planting on
fabuła sjużet
course of a story
spisek
secret plan to achieve an end
wykres
graph or diagram

plot twist n
zwrot akcji
change in the direction or expected outcome of the plot

plotless /ˈplɑtləs/ adj
afabularny

plotlessness /ˈplɑtləsnəs/ adj
afabularność

plotter n
intrygant intrygantka spiskowiec
person who plots
ploter plotter
device

plough /plaʊ/ n
Wielka Niedźwiedzica
alternative name for Ursa Major
pług
device pulled through the ground

plough /plaʊ/ v
orać
use a plough on soil to prepare for planting
use a plough

ploughtail n
czepiga
plough handle

plover /ˈploʊvɚ/ /ˈplʌvə/ /ˈplʌvɚ/ n
siewka
wading bird of the family Charadriidae

plower n
oracz
one who plows

plowman /ˈplaʊ.mən/ n
oracz
male plower

plowshare n
lemiesz
cutting edge of a plow

ploy /plɔɪ/ n
chwyt
strategy, tactic

pluck /plʌk/ n
hart ducha odwaga
nerve, fortitude, persistence
podroby
offal from the trunk of an animal

pluck /plʌk/ v
brzdęknąć
music: to gently play a single string
grabić obrabować ograbić rabować
to rob, steal forcibly
oskubać skubać
to remove feathers from a bird
wyszarpnąć zbierać zebrać
to pull something sharply; to pull something out

pluck up one's courage v
zbierać się na odwagę zebrać się na odwagę
to muster the bravery to do something

plucky /ˈplʌki/ adj
dzielny
having or showing pluck

plug /plʌɡ/ n
wtyczka
electric connecting device
zatyczka
hole filler

plug in v
podłączać podłączyć
connect an electrical device

plug-in /ˈplʌɡ.ɪn/ n
plugin wtyczka
computer add-on

plum /plʌm/ n
śliwa
tree
śliwka
fruit of Prunus domestica

plum blossom n
kwiat śliwy
the blossom of the Prunus mume

plumage /ˈpljuːmɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈpluːmɪd͡ʒ/ n
pierze
collection of feathers covering a bird’s body

plumbago /pləmˈbeɪɡoʊ/ /plʌmˈbeɪɡəʊ/ n
ołownica
leadwort

plumber /ˈplʌmə/ /ˈplʌmɚ/ n
hydraulik
one who fits, etc, pipes for water, gas or drainage

plumber wrench n
klucz szwedzki
pipe wrench used to rotate plumbing pipes

plumbing /ˈplʌmɪŋ/ n
instalacja wodno-kanalizacyjna
pipes, etc, of a water/gas/sewage system in a building

plumbism n
ołowica
lead poisoning

plummet /ˈplʌmət/ /ˈplʌmɪt/ n
ciężarek pion
lead on a line, plumb bob, plummet line

plummet /ˈplʌmət/ /ˈplʌmɪt/ v
gwałtownie spadać runąć
to drop swiftly, in a direct manner; to fall quickly

plunder /ˈplən-/ /ˈplʌndə/ /ˈplʌndɚ/ v
plądrować rabować grabić obrabować obłupić ograbić
to take all the goods of, by force (as in war) (transitive)

plunger /ˈplʌnd͡ʒə/ /ˈplʌnd͡ʒɚ/ n
przepychacz
device for removing blockages by suction

pluperfect tense n
czas zaprzeszły
tense

plural /ˈpljʊə.ɹəl/ /ˈplɔː.ɹəl/ /ˈplɝ.əl/ /ˈplʊə.ɹəl/ /ˈplʊɚ.əl/ adj
mnogi liczba mnoga
more than one

plural /ˈpljʊə.ɹəl/ /ˈplɔː.ɹəl/ /ˈplɝ.əl/ /ˈplʊə.ɹəl/ /ˈplʊɚ.əl/ n
liczba mnoga
word in plural form
the plural number

plurale tantum /ˌplɝ.ə.leɪ -/ /ˌplʊɚ.ə.leɪ ˈtæn.təm/ n
plurale tantum
a noun without a singular form

pluralist n
pluralista
advocate of pluralism

pluralistic adj
pluralistyczny
characteristic of pluralism

pluriennial adj
wieloletni
lasting a few years

plurisyllabic adj
wielosylabowy

plus /plʌs/ /pɫɐs/ n
plus
useful addition

plus /plʌs/ /pɫɐs/ preposition
plus dodać
arithmetic: sum

plus one n
osoba towarzysząca

plus sign n
plus
mathematical symbol

plush /plʌʃ/ n
plusz
textile fabric

plush toy n
pluszak maskotka
soft toy with a plush covering

plutino n
plutonek
planetoid in orbit with 3:2 resonance to that of Neptune

plutocracy /pluːˈtɑːkɹəsi/ /pluːˈtɒkɹəsi/ n
plutokracja
government by the wealthy
controlling class of the wealthy

plutonium /pluːˈtoʊniəm/ n
pluton
chemical element

ply /plaɪ/ n
warstwa
layer of material

plywood n
sklejka dykta
construction material

pneumatic /n(j)ʊˈmæ.tɪk/ adj
pneumatyczny
of or relating to air or other gases
of or relating to pneumatics
powered by, or filled with compressed air

pneumo- /(p)njuːməʊ/ /numoʊ/ prefix
pneumo-
relating to the lungs

pneumoconiosis n
pylica płuc pylica
disease of the lungs

pneumology /n(j)ʊˈmɒləd͡ʒi/ n
pneumonologia
the study of the respiratory system and organs

pneumonia /njuˈməʊniə/ /nuˈmoʊniə/ /nəˈmoʊniə/ n
zapalenie płuc
inflammation of the lungs

pneumothorax n
odma opłucnowa
presence of air inside the pleural cavity

pnictogen /ˈnɪktəd͡ʒən/ /ˈpnɪktə(ʊ)d͡ʒən/ n
azotowiec
element from the nitrogen group

poach /ˈpoʊt͡ʃ/ v
kłusować
to take game or fish illegally

poacher /ˈpoʊ.t͡ʃɚ/ /ˈpəʊ.tʃə/ n
kłusownik
a person who trespasses in order to take game illegally

poaching n
kłusownictwo
trespassing in search of game

pocket /ˈpɑ.kət/ /ˈpɑ.kɪt/ /ˈpɒ.kɪt/ /ˈpɔ.kɪt/ adj
kieszonkowy
of a size suitable for putting into a pocket

pocket /ˈpɑ.kət/ /ˈpɑ.kɪt/ /ˈpɒ.kɪt/ /ˈpɔ.kɪt/ n
kieszeń
bag stitched to an item of clothing
enclosed volume of one substance surrounded by another
łuza
billiards: net into which balls are struck

pocket dictionary n
słowniczek słownik kieszenkowy
portable dictionary

pocket money n
kieszonkowe
money given to a child

pocket square n
poszetka

pocket watch n
zegarek kieszonkowy
watch

pocket-sized adj
kieszonkowy
small

pocketbook n
wydanie kieszonkowe

pocketknife n
scyzoryk

pococurante /ˌpoʊ.koʊ.kjuːˈɹɑːn.ti/ /ˌpəʊ.kəʊ.kjʊəˈɹæn.ti/ adj
niedbały obojętny
apathetic

pod /ˈpɑd/ /ˈpɒd/ n
kapsuła
small vehicle
stado
group of whales or similar mammals
strąk laska
seed case

podcast /-kæst/ /ˈpɑdˌkæst/ /ˈpɒdkɑːst/ /ˈpɔd-/ n
podcast słuchowisko
type of audio programme

podium /ˈpəʊ.diəm/ n
mównica
stand used to hold notes when speaking publicly
podest podium
platform
podium
sports: steepled platform
sports: result amongst the best three

podzol n
bielica
soil type

podzolic adj
bielicowy

podzolization n
bielicowanie

podzolize v
bielicować
to transform something into podzol

poem /pojəm/ /poʊ̯m/ /ˈpoʊ̯əm/ /ˈpoʊ̯ɪm/ /ˈpəʊ̯ɪm/ [ˈpo(ʊ̯)ɪm] [ˈpʰo(ʊ̯)m] [ˈpʰo(ʊ̯)m̩] [ˈpʰo(ʊ̯)əm] [ˈpʰəʊ̯ɪm] n
wiersz poemat
literary piece written in verse
piece of poetic writing
wiersz poezja
piece of writing in the tradition of poetry

poet /ˈpoʊ.ət/ /ˈpoʊ.ɪt/ /ˈpəʊ.ɪt/ [ˈpʰoʊ̯ɪ̈(ʔ)t̚] n
poeta poetka
person who writes poems

poetaster /pəʊɪtæstə(ɹ)/ n
wierszokleta wierszopis wierszorób
unskilled poet

poetess /ˈpoʊ.ɪˌtɛs/ /ˌpəʊ.ɪˈtɛs/ n
poetka
female poet

poetic /poʊˈɛt.ɪk/ /pəʉˈet.ɪk/ /pəʊˈɛt.ɪk/ adj
poetycki
relating to poetry
characteristic of poets

poetic licence n
licentia poetica
departure from convention

poetically adv
poetycko
in a poetic manner

poetics n
poetyka
the theory of poetry

poetry /ˈpoʊətɹi/ /ˈpəʊɪtɹi/ [ˈpəʊʷətɹɪ] [ˈpʰoʊ̯.ətˌɹi] n
poezja
literature composed in verse
poetical quality, artistic and/or artful, which appeals or stirs the imagination
poezje
a poet's literary production

pogrom /pəˈɡɹoʊm/ /ˈpoʊɡɹəm/ /ˈpɒɡɹəm/ n
pogrom
riot with the intent to massacre or terrorize a certain group, usually Jews

poignant /ˈpɔɪnjənt/ /ˈpɔɪnənt/ [ˈpɔɪɲ.ənt] adj
cięty
neat; eloquent; applicable; relevant
ostry
incisive; penetrating
piquant; pungent
sharp-pointed; keen
wzruszający
evoking strong mental sensation

poinsettia /ˌpɔɪnˈsɛ.t(i)ə/ /ˌpɔɪnˈsɛ.tɪə/ n
poinsecja gwiazda betlejemska wilczomlecz piękny poinsecja nadobna wilczomlecz nadobny
plant

point /pɔɪnt/ n
argument punkt widzenia racja
opinion which adds to the discussion
chwila moment
particular moment in an event or occurrence
cypel
peninsula
czubek szpic ostrze
sharp tip
przecinek
arithmetic: decimal point (note: many languages use a comma (',') rather than a dot as a decimal point, and hence the translations into these languages reflect this.)
punkt
location or place
unit of scoring in a game or competition
typography: unit of size
punkt kropka
geometry: zero-dimensional object

point /pɔɪnt/ v
kierować
direct
wskazywać wskazać
to extend finger

point of contention n
punkt sporny

point of inflection n
punkt przegięcia
point on a curve

point of interest n
ciekawe miejsce
location that is worth visiting

point of no return n
punkt bez powrotu
the point when it is no longer possible to stop the process

point of reference n
punkt odniesienia
A particular point from which to measure or compare the changes in some quantity

point of view n
punkt widzenia
attitude, opinion, or set of beliefs
position from which something is seen; outlook; standpoint

point out v
przypominać przypomnieć zwracać uwagę zwrócić uwagę
tell, remind, indicate to someone
wskazywać wskazać
identify with a bodily gesture

pointer /ˈpɔɪntə/ n
wskazówka
needle of a timepiece or measuring device
tip, bit of advice
wskaźnik
anything that points or is used for pointing
computer programming: variable that stores the address of another variable
teacher's pointer
wyżeł
hunting dog

pointing stick n
trackpoint
computing device

pointless /ˈpɔɪntləs/ adj
bezcelowy bezsensowny bez sensu
having no purpose

pointlessly adv
bezcelowo
pointless manner

pointlessness n
bezcelowość
lack of purpose

points /pɔɪnts/ n
rozjazd
movable rails used to switch a train from one track to another

pointsman n
zwrotniczy
a man in charge of railroad points or switches

pointy adj
spiczasty szpiczasty
pointed in shape

poison /ˈpɔɪz(ə)n/ n
trucizna jad
substance harmful to a living organism

poison /ˈpɔɪz(ə)n/ v
otruć truć zatruwać
to use poison to kill or paralyse

poison dart frog n
drzewołaz
frog of the family Dendrobatidae

poison the well v
argumentować niemerytorycznie
raise ad hominem arguments

poison-pen letter n
anonim

poisoned chalice /ˈpɔɪzn̩d ˈtʃælɪs/ /ˈpɔɪzənd ˈtʃælɪs/ n
niedźwiedzia przysługa koszula Dejaniry
something initially regarded as advantageous but which is later recognized to be disadvantageous or harmful

poisoned pawn n
zatruty pion

poisoner n
truciciel trucicielka
person who poisons something or someone

poisoning n
zatrucie
administration of a poison
state of being poisoned

poisonous /ˈpɔɪznəs/ /ˈpɔɪzənəs/ adj
trujący
containing sufficient poison to be dangerous

poke /poʊk/ /pəʊk/ v
dźgnąć
to jab with an object such as a finger or a stick

poker /ˈpoʊkɚ/ /ˈpəʊkə/ n
ożóg pogrzebacz
metal rod for poking
poker
card game

poky adj
ciasny
small and cramped

polar /ˈpoʊ̯lɚ/ /ˈpəʊ̯lə(ɹ)/ [ˈpʰoʊ̯lɚ] [ˈpʰəʊ̯lə(ɹ)] adj
biegunowy
of a certain coordinate system
biegunowy polarny
relating to a geographic pole

polar bear n
niedźwiedź polarny niedźwiedź biały
Ursus maritimus

polar cap n
polarna czapa lodowa
high-latitude region covered by ice

polar circle n
koło podbiegunowe krąg polarny
either of the two parallels of the Earth

polar cod n
dorszyk dorszyk polarny sajda sajka
Boreogadus saida

polar night n
noc polarna
period of darkness

polar willow /ˈpoʊ̯lɚ ˈwɪloʊ/ /ˈpəʊ̯lə(ɹ) ˈwɪl.əʊ/ n
wierzba polarna
Salix polaris

polarity /pəˈlærɪti/ n
biegunowość
one of two extremes

polarization /ˌpoʊlərɪˈzeɪʃən/ n
polaryzacja
grouping of opinions into two extremes
production of polarized light

polarize /ˈpoʊ.lə.ɹaɪz/ /ˈpəʉ.lə.ɹɑɪz/ /ˈpəʊ.lə.ɹaɪz/ v
polaryzować spolaryzować
to cause a group to be divided into extremes
to cause to have a polarization

polarly adv
biegunowo
in a polar manner

pole /poʊl/ /pɐʉl/ /pəʊl/ [pʰoəɫ] [pʰoʊɫ] [pʰɒʊɫ] n
pręt
unit of length
pręt drąg
long and slender object for construction or support
tyczka
implement for pole-vaulting
wędzisko
type of fishing rod
biegun
extreme of an axis
magnetic point
contact on an electrical device
isolated point of a meromorphic function (complex analysis)

pole star /ˈpoʊl ˌstɑɹ/ /ˈpəʊl stɑː/ n
gwiazda polarna
star visible to the naked eye which was, is, or will be nearest a celestial pole of a planet

pole vault n
skok o tyczce
jumping event where an athlete vaults over a high bar with the aid of a pole

pole vaulter n
skoczek o tyczce tyczkarz tyczkarka
athlete who competes in the pole vault

polecat /ˈpəʊlkæt/ n
tchórz
weasel of the genus Mustela

polemic /pəˈliːmɪk/ /pəˈlɛmɪk/ n
polemika
argument or controversy

polemology /ˌpɑləˈmɑləd͡ʒi/ /ˌpɒləˈmɒləd͡ʒi/ n
polemologia
study of human conflict and war

poles apart adj
totalnie przeciwny
totally opposite

police /pəˈliːs/ /ˈpliːs/ /ˈpoʊ.liːs/ [pʰə̆ˈliˑs] n
policja
local or general law enforcement agency

police brutality n
brutalność policji
use of excessive force by a police officer

police car n
radiowóz
automobile used by a police officer

police dog n
pies policyjny
trained dog for police work

police officer n
policjant policjantka

police state n
państwo policyjne
nation whose government controls people by police

police station n
komisariat posterunek policji komenda policji
building of police force

policewoman n
policjantka
a female police officer

policlinic n
poliklinika przychodnia
outpatient clinic, especially of a hospital

policy /ˈpɑləsi/ /ˈpɒləsi/ /ˈpɒlɪsi/ n
polityka
principle of conduct
polisa
law: insurance document

policy rate n
podstawowa stopa procentowa

policyholder n
ubezpieczający
person who holds an insurance policy

policymaker n
decydent
one involved in the formulation of policies

poliomyelitis /ˈpəʊlɪəʊmaɪəˈlaɪtɪs/ /ˌpɒlɪəʊmaɪəˈlaɪtɪs/ n
choroba Heinego-Medina heinemedina polio porażenie dziecięce
infection by the poliovirus

poliorcetics /ˈpoʊ-/ /ˌpoʊliˌɔɹˈsɛtɪks/ /ˌpɒ-/ /ˌpəʊlɪɔːˈsɛtɪks/ [-ɾɪks] n
nauka oblężenia
art of siege warfare

polis /ˈpoʊ.lɪs/ /ˈpɒ.lɪs/ n
polis
a city or city-state

polish /ˈpɑ.lɪʃ/ /ˈpɒl.ɪʃ/ n
pasta do polerowania
substance used to polish
połysk
cleanliness; smoothness; shininess

polish /ˈpɑ.lɪʃ/ /ˈpɒl.ɪʃ/ v
polerować wygładzać
make a surface smooth or shiny
szlifować
to refine; improve imperfections from

politburo /-ˌbjɔː-/ /ˈpoʊ-/ /ˈpɑlətˌbjʊɹoʊ/ /ˈpɒlɪtˌbjʊəɹəʊ/ n
politbiuro Biuro Polityczne
governing council and chief policymaking body of a Marxist-Leninist political system

polite /pəˈlaɪt/ adj
grzeczny uprzejmy
well-mannered

politely /pəˈlaɪtli/ adv
grzecznie kulturalnie
in a polite manner

politeness /pəˈlaɪtnəs/ n
grzeczność uprzejmość kurtuazja
act of being polite

political /pəˈlɪtəkəl/ /pəˈlɪtɪkəl/ /pəˈlɪɾɪkəl/ [pəˈlɪɾəkəl] [pəˈlɪɾɪkəl] adj
polityczny
concerning or relating to politics
motivated by political calculation
of or relating to views about social relationships that involve power or authority

political correctness n
poprawność polityczna
being politically correct

political party n
partia polityczna partia stronnictwo
political organization

political prisoner n
więzień polityczny
person

political science n
politologia
study of politics

political scientist n
politolog politolożka
political science expert

politically adv
politycznie
in a political manner

politically correct adj
poprawny politycznie
avoiding offense, selectively

politician /ˌpɑləˈtɪʃ(ə)n/ /ˌpɒlɪˈtɪʃ(ə)n/ n
polityk polityczka
one engaged in politics

politicization /pə.ˌlɪt.ɪ.sɪ.ˈzeɪ.ʃən/ n
upolitycznienie
The state of being or process of becoming politicized

politicize /pəˈlɪtɪˌsaɪz/ v
upolityczniać upolitycznić
to give something political characteristics

politico-economic adj
polityczno-gospodarczy

politics /ˈpɑ.ləˌtɪks/ /ˈpɑ.lɪˌtɪks/ /ˈpɒl.ə.tɪks/ /ˈpɒl.ɪ.tɪks/ v
polityka
a methodology and activities associated with running a government

polka /ˈpoʊ(l)kə/ /ˈpɒl.kə/ n
polka
dance
music for this dance

polka dot /ˈpoʊ.kə ˌdɑt/ /ˈpɒl.kə ˌdɒt/ /ˈpəʊ.kə ˌdɒt/ n
grochy
uniform round dots forming a pattern on fabric

poll /poʊl/ /pɔl/ /pɔʊl/ /pəʊl/ n
ankieta
a survey of a particular group
the result of the voting, the total number of votes recorded

poll tax n
podatek pogłówny
uniform tax per individual

pollakiuria n
częstomocz
abnormally frequent passage of relatively small quantities of urine

pollen /ˈpɑlən/ /ˈpɒlən/ n
pyłek
fine granular substance produced in flowers

pollinator /ˈpɒlɪˌneɪtə(ɹ)/ n
zapylacz
agent

polling n
ankietyzacja
action of taking a poll

polling station n
lokal wyborczy
place where voters go to cast their ballot

pollster n
ankieter ankieterka
person who conducts polls

pollutant /pəˈl(j)uːtənt/ n
substancja zanieczyszczająca środowisko
something that pollutes

pollute /pəˈljuːt/ /pəˈluːt/ v
zanieczyszczać skazić zanieczyścić
to make something harmful

pollution /pəˈl(j)uːʃən/ /pəˈluʃən/ n
zanieczyszczenie
the contamination of the environment by harmful substances
something that pollutes; pollutant

polo /ˈpoʊloʊ/ /ˈpəʊ.ləʊ/ /ˈpəʊl.əʊ/ [ˈpɒʊɫəʊ] [ˈpəʊləʊ] n
polo
ball game

polo shirt /ˈpoʊloʊ ˌʃɝt/ /ˈpəʊləʊ ˌʃɜːt/ n
koszulka polo polo polówka
casual, usually short-sleeved, shirt with a protruding collar

polonaise /ˌpoʊləˈneɪz/ /ˌpɒləˈneɪz/ n
poloneska
woman's dress
polonez
dance
music for this dance

polonium /pəˈloʊni.əm/ /pəˈləʊni.əm/ n
polon
chemical element

poltergeist /ˈpoʊl.tɚˌɡaɪst/ /ˈpɒl.tə.ɡaɪst/ /ˈpəʊl.təˌɡaɪst/ n
poltergeist
disruptive ghost

poltroon /polˈtɹun/ /pɑlˈtɹun/ /pɒlˈtɹuːn/ /pɔlˈtɹun/ n
tchórz
an ignoble or arrant coward

poly- /pəˈlɪ-/ /ˈpɑli-/ /ˈpɑlə/ /ˈpɒli-/ /ˈpɒlɪ-/ prefix
poli-
many

polyamide n
poliamid
polymer

polyamory /ˌpɒliˈæm(ə)ɹi/ n
poliamoria
practices involving relationships with multiple partners

polyandry n
poliandria
plurality of husbands at the same time

polyarnik n
polarnik
polar explorer from the Soviet Union

polychete n
wieloszczet
annelids of the class Polychaeta

polychrome adj
polichromia

polyclinic n
ambulatorium
a clinic in which diseases of many sorts are treated

polyclinical adj
ambulatoryjny

polycondensation n
polikondensacja
condensation reaction leading to the formation of a polymer

polyculture n
polikultura
planting of two or more crops in the same place

polycystic ovary syndrome n
zespół policystycznych jajników
syndrome characterised by polycystic ovaries

polycythemia /ˌpɒlɪsaɪˈθiːmɪə/ n
nadkrwistość
bone marrow disorder

polyester adj
poliestrowy
of or consisting of polyester

polyester n
poliester
polymer

polyethylene n
polietylen
polyethylene

polygamist /pəˈlɪɡəmɪst/ n
poligamista wielożeniec
one who practices polygamy

polygamous /pəˈlɪɡəməs/ adj
poligamiczny
of, relating to, or practicing polygamy

polygamy /pəˈlɪɡ.ə.mi/ n
poligamia
zoology: the state or habit of having more than one mate
poligamia wielożeństwo
the having of a plurality of socially bonded sexual partners at the same time

polygene n
poligen
group of nonallelic genes

polyglot /ˈpɑlɪˌɡlɑt/ /ˈpɒlɪɡlɒt/ adj
wielojęzyczny kilkujęzyczny kilkujęzykowy poliglotyczny różnojęzyczny różnojęzykowy
of a person: speaking, or versed in, many languages

polyglot /ˈpɑlɪˌɡlɑt/ /ˈpɒlɪɡlɒt/ n
poliglota
publication in several languages
poliglota poliglotka
one who has mastered (especially when able to speak) several languages

polyglotism n
poliglotyzm
the use of several languages

polygon /ˈpɑliɡɑn/ /ˈpɒliɡɒn/ /ˈpɒlɪɡən/ n
wielokąt wielobok
plane figure bounded by straight edges

polygonal /pəˈlɪɡənəl/ adj
wieloboczny wielokątny
having many angles

polygonum n
rdest
any plant in the genus Polygonum

polygyny /pəˈlɪd͡ʒ.ɪ.ni/ n
poligynia wielożeństwo
plurality of wives at the same time

polyhedral adj
wielościenny
(geometry) having multiple planar faces or facets

polyhedron /pɒliˈhiːdɹən/ n
wielościan
geometry: solid figure

polymath /ˈpɑliˌmæθ/ /ˈpɑlɪmæθ/ /ˈpɒlɪmæθ/ n
polihistor uczony człowiek renesansu encyklopedysta polimat
person with extraordinarily broad and comprehensive knowledge

polymathy /pəˈlɪməθi/ n
wiedza o wielu przedmiotach
knowledge of many arts and sciences; variety of learning

polymer /ˈpɑ.lɪ.mɚ/ /ˈpɒl.ɨ.mə/ n
polimer
molecule

polymerase chain reaction n
reakcja łańcuchowa polimerazy
technique in molecular biology for creating multiple copies of DNA from a sample

polymerization /ˌpɒl.ɪ.məɹ.aɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/ n
polimeryzacja
process in which polymers are formed

polymorphemic adj
wielomorfemowy

polymorphic /ˌpɑliˈmɔɹfɪk/ adj
polimorficzny
relating to polymorphism

polymorphism /pɑliˈmɔɹfɪz(ə)m/ /pɒlɪˈmɔːfɪz(ə)m/ n
polimorfizm
ability to assume different forms or shapes
biology: coexistence of two or more distinct forms independent of sex
computer science: feature of object-oriented programming
crystallography: ability of a material to exist in more than one form

polyneuropathy n
polineuropatia
medicine: any of several diseases involving several peripheral nerves

polynomial /ˌpɑliˈnoʊmiəl/ /ˌpɒlɪˈnəʊmɪəl/ adj
wielomianowy
in algebra

polynomial /ˌpɑliˈnoʊmiəl/ /ˌpɒlɪˈnəʊmɪəl/ n
wielomian
algebraic expression

polynomial equation n
równanie wielomianowe
algebraic equation

polynomial time adj
dotyczący czas polinominalny

polynomial time n
czas polinominalny czas wielomianowy

polynya /pə(ʊ)ˈlɪnjə/ /pəˈlɪnjə/ /ˌpɑlənˈjɑ/ n
połynia płoń
area of open water surrounded by sea ice

polypathia n
wielochorobowość

polypathic adj
chory na wiele chorób

polyphonic /ˌpɒlɪˈfɒnɪk/ adj
polifoniczny
of or relating to polyphony

polyphony /pəˈlɪfəni/ n
polifonia
musical texture consisting of several independent melodic voices

polypody /ˈpɒlɪpəʊdi/ n
paprotka
any fern of the genus Polypodium

polypropylene n
polipropylen
resin

polyptych /ˈpɒlɪptɪk/ n
poliptyk
a work consisting of multiple painted or carved panels joined together

polysaccharide n
polisacharyd
complex carbohydrate

polysemous /pəˈlɪs.ə.məs/ /pəˈlɪs.ɪ.məs/ /ˌpɑːl.iˈsiː.məs/ /ˌpɒl.ɪˈsiː.məs/ adj
polisemiczny wieloznaczny
having multiple meanings

polysemy /pə.ˈlɪ.sɪ.mi/ /ˈpɒ.lɪ.siː.mi/ n
polisemia wieloznaczność
ability to have multiple meanings

polysomy n
polisomia

polysyllabic /ˌpɑ.li.sɪˈlæ.bɪk/ /ˌpɒ.lɪ.sɪˈlæ.bɪk/ /ˌpɔ.lɪ.sɪˈlæ.bɪk/ adj
wielosylabowy
having more than one syllable

polysyndeton /pɒlɪˈsɪndɪtɒn/ n
polisyndeton
the use of many conjunctions to achieve an overwhelming effect in a sentence

polysynthetic /ˌpɒlisɪnˈθɛtɪk/ adj
polisyntetyczny
polysynthetic

polytechnic n
politechnika
educational institute

polytheism /pɒl.ɪˈθiː.ɪz.əm/ n
politeizm wielobóstwo
belief in the existence of multiple gods

polytheist /pɒlɪˈθiːɪst/ n
politeista wielobożca wielobożnik
believer in polytheism

polytheistic /ˌpɒlɪθiːˈɪstɪk/ adj
politeistyczny
of or relating to polytheism

polytope n
wielokomórka wielotop
geometric shape

polyunsaturated fat n
tłuszcz wielonienasycony
fat or oil containing a high proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids

polyunsaturated fatty acid n
wielonienasycony kwas tłuszczowy
fatty acid

polyuria n
poliuria wielomocz

pomade /poʊˈmeɪd/ /pəˈmeɪd/ /pəˈmɑːd/ n
brylantyna fiksatuar pomada
thick waxy substance used to style hair

pome /ˈpəʊm/ n
owoc jabłkowy
type of fruit

pomegranate /ˈpɑməˌɡɹænət/ /ˈpɑmɪˌɡɹænɪt/ /ˈpɑmˌɡɹænət/ /ˈpɒmɪ(ˌ)ɡɹænɪt/ n
granat
fruit of the Punica granatum
granatowiec granat
Punica granatum shrub or small tree

pomelo /pəˈmɛləʊ/ /ˈpɑməloʊ/ /ˈpɒmɪləʊ/ /ˈpʌmɪləʊ/ n
pomarańcza olbrzymia pomelo szadok
large fruit of the C. maxima or grandis
tree

pommel /ˈpɑ.məl/ /ˈpɒ.məl/ n
łęk przedni
upper front brow of a saddle

pommel horse n
kozioł koń
gymnastic apparatus

pomp /ˈpɑːmp/ /ˈpɒmp/ n
pompa
show of magnificence

pompon n
pompon
puff or ball as for decoration for cheerleading

poncho /ˈpɑn.t͡ʃoʊ/ /ˈpɒn.tʃəʊ/ n
ponczo poncho
simple garment of cloth

pond /pɑnd/ /pɒnd/ n
staw sadzawka jeziorko rybnik
small lake

pond snail n
błotniarka
snail of the genus Lymnaea

ponder /ˈpɑn.dɚ/ /ˈpɒn.də(ɹ)/ v
dumać rozmyślać namyślać się rozważać
to think deeply

pondweed n
rdestnica
plant of the genus Potamogeton

pons /ˈpoʊnz/ /ˈpɑnz/ /ˈpɒnz/ /ˈpəʊnz/ n
most
part of the brain

pontiff /ˈpɒntɪf/ n
pontyfik

pontificate /pɒnˈtɪf.ɪ.kət/ /pɔnˈtɪf.ə.kət/ /pɔnˈtɪf.ɪ.kət/ n
pontyfikat
state of a pontifex

pontoon /pɒnˈtuːn/ n
ponton
buoyant support for a temporary bridge, dock or landing stage
pływak
float of a seaplane

pontoon bridge n
most pontonowy
a temporary bridge built over floating pontoons

pony /ˈpoʊni/ /ˈpəʊni/ n
kuc
small horse

ponytail /ˈpoʊniˌteɪl/ n
kucyk koński ogon
hairstyle

poo /pu/ /puː/ n
gówno kał kupa

poo /pu/ /puː/ v
robić kupę załatwiać się

pooch /puːt͡ʃ/ n
kundel
mongrel

pood /puːd/ n
pud
Russian unit of mass

poodle /ˈpuː.dəl/ n
pudel
any of various breeds of poodle

poof /puːf/ /pʊf/ [puːɸ] interjection
puf
deflating object or a magical disappearance

poof /puːf/ /pʊf/ [puːɸ] n
pedał pedzio
A male homosexual.

poof /puːf/ /pʊf/ [puːɸ] v
znikać
to vanish

pool /pul/ /puːl/ [pʰuəɫ] [pʰuɫ] n
basen
body of water
kałuża
small body of standing or stagnant water; a puddle
pula
computing: set of resources kept ready to use
supply of resources
bilard
cue sport played on a pool table
type of game at billiards

pool /pul/ /puːl/ [pʰuəɫ] [pʰuɫ] v
zsumować
to put together

pool noodle n
makaronik
long, slender tube or rod used as an exercise tool or toy in swimming pools

pool table n
bilard stół do bilarda
a table used for playing pool

pooling /ˈpuːlɪŋ/ n
składanie się zbieranie

poop deck n
achterdek
stern deck on top of the cabin(s)

poor /poʊ/ /poː/ /puɹ/ /pɔɹ/ /pɔː(ɹ)/ /pɜːɹ/ /pʊə(ɹ)/ /pʊɚ/ /pʊɹ/ /ˈpʊ(ː)ə(r)/ adj
biedny ubogi
with few or no possessions or money
used to express pity
nędzny
of low quality

poor /poʊ/ /poː/ /puɹ/ /pɔɹ/ /pɔː(ɹ)/ /pɜːɹ/ /pʊə(ɹ)/ /pʊɚ/ /pʊɹ/ /ˈpʊ(ː)ə(r)/ n
biedacy nędznicy
the poor people of a society or the world collectively, the poor class of a society

poor as a church mouse phraseologicalUnit
biedny jak mysz kościelna ubogi jak mysz kościelna
very poor

poor relation n
ubogi krewny

poor thing n
biedactwo biedaczka biedak biedula
someone or something to be pitied

poorly /ˈpɔɹli/ /ˈpɔːli/ /ˈpʊəli/ /ˈpʊɹli/ adv
biednie
without plenty

pop /pɑp/ /pɒp/ n
huk
loud, sharp sound
napój gazowany
soda pop

pop art n
pop-art popart
genre of art that uses elements of popular culture

pop gun n
pukawka
a firearm
a toy gun

pop music n
muzyka pop pop-music
music intended for or accepted by a wide audience

pop-cultural adj
popkulturowy
pertaining to pop culture

pop-up /ˈpɒpʌp/ n
wyskakujące okienko
advertisement that pops up when one accesses an Internet page

popcorn /ˈpɑp.kɔɹn/ /ˈpɒp.kɔː(ɹ)n/ /ˈpʌp.kɔɹn/ [ˈpʌp.kɒːn] [ˈpʌp.kɔɹn] n
popcorn prażona kukurydza
a snack food made from corn kernels popped by dry heating

pope /poʊp/ /pəʊp/ n
papież papieżyca
head of the Roman Catholic Church
pop
Russian Orthodox priest

poplar /ˈpɑ.plɚ/ /ˈpɒp.lə(ɹ)/ n
topola
any of various deciduous trees of the genus Populus

popliteus n
mięsień podkolanowy
area behind the knee

poppy /ˈpɑpi/ /ˈpɒpi/ n
mak
plant of the genus Papaver
szkarłat
bright red colour tinted with orange

poppycock n
ambaje androny banialuki bzdury
nonsense

poppyhead n
makowica makówka
head of a poppy

poppyseed n
mak ziarenko maku
the seed of the poppy

popular /ˈpɑpjəlɚ/ /ˈpɒpjʊlə/ adj
ludowy powszechny
of or pertaining to the common people
popularny
liked by many people
aimed at the general public

popular culture n
popkultura
prevailing vernacular culture

popular initiative n
inicjatywa obywatelska

popular science n
popularnonaukowy
of, or having to do with popular science

popularise /ˈpɒpjʊləɹaɪz/ v
popularyzować spopularyzować upowszechniać upowszechnić
to make popular

popularity /ˌpɑp.jəˈlɛəɹ.ɪ.ti/ /ˌpɒp.jəˈlæɹ.ɪ.ti/ n
popularność
the quality or state of being popular

popularization n
popularyzacja
the act of making something popular to the general public

popularizer n
popularyzator
one who popularizes something

populate /ˈpɑ.pjəˌleɪt/ /ˈpɒp.jʊˌleɪt/ /ˈpɔp.jəˌlæɪt/ v
zaludniać zaludnić
to live in
to supply with inhabitants

population /ˌpɑ.pjəˈleɪ.ʃən/ /ˌpɒp.juːˈleɪ.ʃən/ /ˌpɒp.jʊˈleɪ.ʃən/ n
ludność populacja
all people living within a political or geographical boundary
populacja ludność
biology: collection of organisms

population density n
gęstość zaludnienia
average number of people per area

population pyramid n
piramida ludności piramida populacji
graphical illustration of the distribution of a population by age groups and sex

populism n
populizm
a political doctrine or philosophy

populist /ˈpɑ.pjə.lɪst/ /ˈpɒp.jʊ.lɪst/ /ˈpɔp.jʉ.lɪst/ n
populista populistka
politician who advocates policies just because they are popular

populous /ˈpɑpjələs/ /ˈpɒpjʊləs/ adj
ludny
having a large population

porcelain /ˈpoːslɘn/ /ˈpɔɹslɪn/ /ˈpɔɹsəlɪn/ /ˈpɔːsəlɪn/ n
porcelana
hard white translucent ceramic
items (esp. dishware or objets d'art) made of porcelain

porch /po(ː)ɹtʃ/ /poətʃ/ /pɔɹt͡ʃ/ /pɔːtʃ/ n
ganek przedsionek
a covered and enclosed entrance to a building
portyk
a portico; a covered walk

porch pirate n
osoba kradnąca przesyłki z ganków
criminal

porciculture n
hodowanie świń
raising of pigs

porcine /ˈpoʊɹ.saɪn/ /ˈpoʊɹ.sin/ /ˈpoʊɹ.sɪn/ adj
świński wieprzowy
of or pertaining to the pig

porcini /pɔːɹˈt͡ʃiː.ni/ /pɔːˈtʃiː.ni/ n
borowik borowik szlachetny prawdziwek
mushroom, Boletus edulis

porcupine /ˈpɔː(ɹ)kiˌpaɪn/ /ˈpɔː(ɹ)kjʊˌpaɪn/ /ˈpɔː(ɹ)kəˌpaɪn/ /ˈpɔː(ɹ)kɪˌpaɪn/ n
jeżozwierz
large rodent

pore /po(ː)ɹ/ /poə/ /pɔɹ/ /pɔː/ n
por
a tiny opening in the skin

pore /po(ː)ɹ/ /poə/ /pɔɹ/ /pɔː/ v
ślęczeć
to study meticulously

pore over v
ślęczeć
examine

pork /po(ː)ɹk/ /poək/ /pɔɹk/ /pɔːk/ n
wieprzowina
meat of a pig

pork barrel /ˈpɔːkˌbaɹəl/ n
kiełbasa wyborcza
funds assigned for local expenditure

pork belly n
boczek
boneless cut of fatty meat

pork loin n
schab
cut of pig meat

pork rind n
skwarki
food made from pork skin

porker /ˈpɔɹkɚ/ /ˈpɔːkə/ n
bekon
pig raised for slaughter

pornocracy /pɔˈnɑkɹəsi/ /pɔːˈnɒkɹəsɪ/ n
pornokracja
government by, or dominated by, prostitutes or corrupt persons

pornocracy /pɔˈnɑkɹəsi/ /pɔːˈnɒkɹəsɪ/ pn
pornokracja
period of the papacy known as the saeculum obscurum

pornographer /pɔː(ɹ)ˈnɒɡɹəfə(ɹ)/ n
pornograf
person involved in creation or dissemination of pornography

pornographic /ˌpɔː(ɹ)nəˈɡɹæfɪk/ adj
pornograficzny
containing an explicit depiction of sexual activity

pornography /pɔɹˈnɑ.ɡɹə.fi/ /pɔː(ɹ)ˈnɒɡ.ɹə.fi/ n
pornografia
depiction of sexual subject matter with prurient intent

porosity n
porowatość
measure of how porous a material is
state of being porous

porous /ˈpɔːɹəs/ adj
porowaty
full of tiny pores

porphyria /pɔː(ɹ)ˈfɪɹɪə/ n
porfiria
abnormality of porphyrin metabolism

porpoise /pɔːˈpɔɪs/ /ˈpɔːpəs/ /ˈpɔːɹpəs/ n
morświn
cetacean

porridge /ˈpɑɹɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈpɒɹ.ɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈpɔɹɪd͡ʒ/ n
odsiadka
slang: prison sentence
owsianka kasza
breakfast cereal dish

port /po(ː)ɹt/ /poət/ /pɔɹt/ /pɔːt/ adj
bakburta bakbort lewa burta
left-hand side of a vessel when facing the front
konwertować
computing: to adapt a program so that it works on a different platform
lewoburtowy
of or relating to port, the left-hand side of a vessel
port przystań
dock or harbour
port złącze
computing: logical or physical construct into and from which data are transferred

port /po(ː)ɹt/ /poət/ /pɔɹt/ /pɔːt/ n
porto portwajn
fortified wine

port city n
miasto portowe
city built around a port

port of call n
port pośredni
any port being visited by a ship

port of registry n
port macierzysty

port wine n
portwajn
A type of fortified wine traditionally made in Portugal

portable /ˈpɔɹtəbl̩/ /ˈpɔɹtəbəl/ /ˈpɔː(ɹ)təbl̩/ /ˈpɔː(ɹ)təbəl/ [ˈpʰɔɹɾɪ̈bl̩] adj
przenośny
able to be carried or moved
running on multiple systems

portable toilet n
przenośna toaleta toi-toi
portable toilet

portal /ˈpɔːtəl/ /ˈpɔːɹtəl/ [ˈpʰɔːɹɾɫ̩] n
portal
entry point
website
grandiose entrance
żyła wrotna
vein

portal vein n
żyła wrotna
particular vein

portamento /pɔːtəˈmɛntəʊ/ n
portamento
sliding tone used in music

portcullis /pɔɹtˈkʌl.ɪs/ /pɔːtˈkʌl.ɪs/ n
brona
gate in the form of a grating

portentous /pɔː(ɹ)ˈtɛntəs/ adj
złowieszczy
ominous; portending evil

portentously /pɔː(ɹ)ˈtɛn.təs.li/ adv
pompatycznie
in a pompous manner
złowieszczo
in an ominous manner

porter /ˈpo(ː)ɹtɚ/ /ˈpoətə/ /ˈpɔɹtɚ/ /ˈpɔːtə/ n
bagażowy numerowy
person who carries luggage

portfolio /-oʊl.joʊ/ /-əʊl.jəʊ/ /poɹt-/ /pɔɹtˈfoʊ.liˌoʊ/ /pɔːtˈfəʊ.liˌəʊ/ n
aktówka portfolio teka
showcase
portfel
investments
teka
post

porthole /ˈpɔː(ɹ)t.həʊl/ n
bulaj
circular window

portico /ˈpɔːtɪkəʊ/ n
portyk
small space with a roof supported by columns, serving as the entrance to a building

portion /ˈpoəɹʃən/ /ˈpoɹʃən/ /ˈpoːɹʃən/ /ˈpɔɹʃən/ /ˈpɔːʃən/ n
porcja
allocated amount

portmanteau /pɔːtˈmæn.təʊ/ /pɔːɹtˈmæntoʊ/ /ˌpɔːɹtmænˈtoʊ/ n
waliza
case

portmanteau word n
skrzyżowanie wyrazów zbitka słowna zbitka wyrazowa
word which combines the meaning of two words

portrait /ˈpoətɹeɪt/ /ˈpoətɹɪt/ /ˈpoʊɹtɹeɪt/ /ˈpoʊɹtɹət/ /ˈpɔɹtɹeɪt/ /ˈpɔɹtɹət/ /ˈpɔːtɹeɪt/ /ˈpɔːtɹɪt/ n
portret
painting of a person
an accurate depiction of a person, a mood, etc.

portraitist n
portrecista portrecistka
one who makes portraits

portray /pɔɹˈtɹeɪ/ /pɔːˈtɹeɪ/ v
portretować
to paint or draw the likeness of
portretować opisywać
figuratively: to describe in words

pose /poʊz/ /pəʊz/ n
poza
position, arrangement (especially of the human body)

pose /poʊz/ /pəʊz/ v
pozować
assume or maintain a pose

poseur /poʊˈzʊəɹ/ n
pozer pozerka
one who affects some behaviour, style, attitude or other condition, often to impress or influence others

posh /pɑʃ/ /pɒʃ/ /pəʊʃ/ adj
luksusowy
associated with the upper classes

position /pəˈzɪʃ.(ə)n/ n
miejsce pozycja
status or rank
pozycja
posture
place on a playing field
położenie pozycja
place, location
stanowisko
opinion, stand or stance
stanowisko posada
post of employment

positional adj
pozycyjny
positional

positional notation n
system pozycyjny
a notation for numbers

positive /-ɾɪv/ /ˈpɑzɪtɪv/ /ˈpɒzɪtɪv/ adj
dodatni pozytyw
mathematics: greater than zero
physics: having more protons than electrons
legal: formally laid down
pozytywny
characterised by features which support a hypothesis
favorable, desirable
optimistic
pozytywowy
photography: of a visual image true to the original
równy
grammar: describing the primary sense

positive /-ɾɪv/ /ˈpɑzɪtɪv/ /ˈpɒzɪtɪv/ n
pozytyw
photography: a positive image
favourable point or characteristic
stopień równy pozytyw
grammar: degree of comparison

positive degree n
stopień równy
that state of an adjective or adverb indicating simple quality, without comparison

positive law n
prawo pozytywne

positive number n
liczba dodatnia
positive number

positive thinking n
pozytywne myślenie
focusing on thoughts of success

positively /ˈpɑ.zɪ.tɪv.li/ /ˈpɒz.ɪ.tɪv.li/ /ˌpɑ.zɪˈtɪv.li/ /ˌpɒz.ɪˈtɪv.li/ adv
pozytywnie
in a positive manner

positivism /ˈpɑzɪtɪvˌɪzm/ /ˈpɒzɪtɪvˌɪzm/ n
pozytywizm
philosophical doctrine

positron /ˈpɑ.zɪ.tɹɑn/ /ˈpɒz.ɪ.tɹɒn/ n
pozyton
positron

possess /pəˈzɛs/ v
opętać
of a supernatural entity, especially one regarded as evil: to take control of (an animal or person’s body or mind)
posiadać
to have (something) as, or as if as, an owner

possessed /pəˈzɛst/ adj
opętany
controlled by evil spirits

possession /pəˈzɛʃən/ n
dobytek majątek własność
something that is owned
opętanie
the state of being possessed by a spirit or demon
posiadanie
ownership; taking, holding, keeping something as one's own
posiadłość
a territory under the rule of another country
władanie
control or occupancy without legal ownership

possessional adjective n
przymiotnik jakościowy
possessional adjective

possessive /pəˈzɛsɪv/ adj
dzierżawczy
grammar: indicating possession
zaborczy
unwilling to yield possession of

possessive adjective n
przymiotnik dzierżawczy
possessive determiner

possessive pronoun n
zaimek dzierżawczy
pronoun which expresses possession

possibility /ˌpɑ.səˈbɪl.ə.ɾi/ /ˌpɒs.ɪˈbɪl.ɪ.ti/ n
możliwość
a thing possible; that which may take place or come into being
option or choice, usually used in context with future events
możliwość możność
quality of being possible

possible /ˈpɑ.sə.bl̩/ /ˈpɒ.sɪ.bl̩/ adj
możliwy
able but not certain to happen
capable of being done or achieved; feasible
being considered, e.g. for a position

post /poʊst/ /pəʊst/ n
słup
long dowel or plank protruding from the ground
poczta
method of delivering mail
post wiadomość wpis wypowiedź
individual message in a forum
posada
appointed position in an organization

post /poʊst/ /pəʊst/ v
afiszować wywiesić
to hang a notice in a conspicuous manner
opublikować postować publikować
to send to an electronic forum
wysyłać wysłać
to send mail

post horn n
trąbka pocztowa
horn formerly used by postmen

post mortem adv
post mortem pośmiertnie
occurring after death

post office /ˈpoʊst ˌɑfɪs/ /ˈpoʊst ˌɔfɪs/ /ˈpəʊst ˌɒfɪs/ n
poczta
place
organization

post office box n
skrytka pocztowa
box hired as collection point for mail

post-Fordism n
postfordyzm

post-Soviet adj
poradziecki posowiecki postradziecki postsowiecki
after the dissolution of the Soviet Union

post-it note n
karteczka samoprzylepna
a small piece of paper with an adhesive strip on one side

post-nut clarity n
jasność poorgazmowa
sense of mental acuity experienced by a man after ejaculation

post-production n
postprodukcja
stages of film production happening between the actual filming and the completed film

post-traumatic stress disorder n
zespół stresu pourazowego
condition that develops following some stressful situation

post-war adj
powojenny
pertaining to a period following the end of a war

postage /ˈpoʊstɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈpəʊstɪd͡ʒ/ n
porto
charge

postage stamp n
znaczek znaczek pocztowy
piece of paper indicating postage has been paid

postal [ˈpoʊstl̩] [ˈpəʊstl̩] adj
pocztowy
relating to mail

postalveolar /ˌpoʊstælˈviələɹ/ /ˌpəʊstælviˈəʊlə(ɹ)/ /ˌpəʊstælˈviːələ(ɹ)/ /ˌpəʊstˈælvi.ələ(ɹ)/ adj
postalweolarny zadziąsłowy
articulated with the tongue near or touching the back of the alveolar ridge

postalveolar /ˌpoʊstælˈviələɹ/ /ˌpəʊstælviˈəʊlə(ɹ)/ /ˌpəʊstælˈviːələ(ɹ)/ /ˌpəʊstˈælvi.ələ(ɹ)/ n
spółgłoska postalweolarna spółgłoska zadziąsłowa
any sound articulated with the tongue near or touching the back of the alveolar ridge

postbellum adj
powojenny
of the period following a war

postcard /ˈpoʊstˌkɑɹd/ n
pocztówka karta pocztowa widokówka
rectangular piece of thick paper to be mailed without an envelope

postclassical adj
poklasyczny postklasyczny
after the classical era

postcode /ˈpoʊs(t)ˌkoʊd/ /ˈpəʊs(t)kəʊd/ n
kod pocztowy
sequence of letters and numbers added to a postal address

postcolonial adj
postkolonialny
of or pertaining to postcolonialism

poster /ˈpoʊstɚ/ n
plakat afisz
advertisement
picture intended to be attached to a wall

posterior /poʊˈstɪɹ.i.ɚ/ /pɑˈstɪɹ.i.ɚ/ /pɒˈstɪə.ɹi.ə/ adj
tylny zadni
located towards the rear

posterior chamber n
komora tylna oka
space between iris and lens

posterity /pɒˈstɛɹɪti/ n
potomstwo progenitura
all the future generations

postholiday adj
poświąteczny
occurring after a holiday

posthumous /ˈpɒs.t͡ʃə.məs/ /ˈpɒs.t͡ʃʊ.məs/ adj
pośmiertny
in reference to a work, published after the author's death
taking place after one's death

posthumously adv
pośmiertnie
after death

postiche /pɑˈstiʃ/ /pɒsˈtiːʃ/ /pɔˈstiʃ/ n
tresa treska
any item of false hair worn on the head or face

postilion /poʊˈstɪljən/ /pɒˈstɪlɪən/ /pəˈstɪljən/ n
foryś
rider mounted on leading horse

postindustrial adj
postindustrialny
describing a type of economy

postmaterialism n
postmaterializm

postmaterialist adj
postmaterialistyczny

postmaterialist n
postmaterialista

postmodernism /pəʊstˈmɑdɚnɪzəm/ n
postmodernizm
a style of art, literature, etc

postmodernist adj
postmodernistyczny
postmodern

postmodernist n
postmodernista postmodernistka
follower of postmodernism

postmodernity n
ponowoczesność
the state or condition of being postmodern

postnatal adj
poporodowy połogowy
of or pertaining to the period immediately after birth

postoperative /poʊstˈɑpəɹətɪv/ /pəʊstˈɒpəɹətɪv/ adj
pooperacyjny
of, pertaining to, or occurring in the period after a surgical operation

postpartum /ˌpəʊstˈpɑː(ɹ)təm/ adj
poporodowy
after giving birth

postpartum depression n
depresja poporodowa
parent’s depression after childbirth

postpone /poʊstˈpoʊn/ v
odłożyć odkładać odraczać odroczyć przełożyć (na inny termin)
to delay or put off an event

postposition n
poimek
(grammar) words that come after the noun

postprandial /ˌpoʊs(t)ˈpɹæn.di.əl/ /ˌpəʊs(t)ˈpɹan.dɪ.əl/ adj
poobiedni
after a meal

postscript /ˈpoʊst.skɹɪpt/ n
dopisek post scriptum posłowie
addendum to a letter

postscriptum /ˌpəʊstˈskɹɪptəm/ n
postscriptum
something written afterward

posttraumatic adj
pourazowy
after, or as a result of, a trauma

postvaccinal adj
poszczepienny
after vaccination

postwoman n
listonoszka
woman who delivers the post or mail

pot /pɑt/ /pɒt/ n
garnek
vessel for cooking or storing food etc.
pula
money wagered
wereżka więcierz
trap for crabs and other seafood
marihuana trawa zioło
marijuana

pot calling the kettle black /ˈpɑt ˈkɔliŋ ðə ˈkɛtl̩ ˈblæk/ /ˈpɒt ˈkɔːliŋ ðə ˈkɛtl̩ ˈblæk/ n
przyganiał kocioł garnkowi
situation in which somebody accuses someone else of a fault shared by the accuser

pot marigold n
nagietek lekarski
Calendula officinalis

potable /ˈpoʊtəbəl/ /ˈpɑt-/ /ˈpɒt-/ /ˈpəʊtəbəl/ adj
pitny
good for drinking

potash /ˈpɑt.æʃ/ /ˈpɒt.æʃ/ n
potaż
pot ash: the water-soluble part of the ash formed by burning plant material; used for making soap and glass and as a fertilizer
chemistry: an impure form of potassium carbonate (K₂CO₃) mixed with other potassium salts

potassium /pəˈtæsiəm/ n
potas
the chemical element

potassium hydroxide n
wodorotlenek potasu
potassium hydroxide

potato /pəˈteɪ.toʊ/ /pəˈteɪ.təʊ/ [pə̥ˈtʰeɪtʰəʊ] [pə̥ˈtʰeɪɾoʊ] [pə̥ˈtʰeɪɾə] n
ziemniak kartofel pyra
plant tuber eaten as starchy vegetable

potato crisp n
chips czips
thin fried slice of potato

potato masher n
tłuczek do ziemniaków
utensil for mashing potatoes

potato pancake n
placek ziemniaczany placek kartoflany
potato pancake

potato salad n
sałatka ziemniaczana
salad made from chopped boiled potatoes

potato starch n
mąka ziemniaczana
vegetable substance found in the extracted material of potatoes

potbellied adj
brzuchaty
having a potbelly

potbelly n
bebech kałdun bebzun brzuchol
a large, swollen, or protruding abdomen

poteen /-tjiːn/ /-t͡ʃiːn/ /pəˈtiːn/ /ˈpɒ.tiːn/ n
poitín
illegally produced Irish whiskey

potency /ˈpəʊtənsi/ n
potencja
ability or capacity to perform
power
strength

potentate /ˈpoʊ.tən.teɪt/ /ˈpəʊ.tən.teɪt/ n
magnat potentat
a powerful leader

potential /po(ʊ)ˈtɛnʃəl/ /pəˈtɛnʃəl/ adj
potencjalny
existing in possibility

potential /po(ʊ)ˈtɛnʃəl/ /pəˈtɛnʃəl/ n
potencjał
currently unrealized ability
energy of a unit electrical charge

potential energy n
energia potencjalna
energy possessed by an object because of its position

potentially /pəˈtɛnʃ(ə)li/ adv
potencjalnie
in a manner showing much potential; with the possibility of happening in a given way

potentilla n
pięciornik
any of many shrubs and herbs of the genus Potentilla

potentiometer n
potencjometr
user-adjustable variable resistor

potholder n
łapka kuchenna
insulated pad for handling hot cooking utensils

pothole n
dziura wykopana przez łowcę
hole in a burial mound resulting from unauthorized excavators
wybój wyrwa
a hole in a road
wytopisko
pit in the bed of a stream

potion /pəʊ.ʃən/ /ˈpoʊ.ʃən/ n
mikstura napój leczniczy napój magiczny
small portion or dose of a liquid which is medicinal, poisonous, or magical

potlatch /ˈpɑtˌlæt͡ʃ/ /ˈpɒtlætʃ/ n
potlacz
ceremony amongst certain indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest

potter /ˈpɑtɚ/ /ˈpɒtə/ n
garncarz garncarka
one who makes pots and ceramic wares

potter's clay n
glina garncarska
clay used by a potter

potter's wheel n
koło garncarskie
machine used by a potter

pottery /ˈpɑtəɹi/ /ˈpɒtəɹi/ n
ceramika
fired ceramic wares that contain clay when formed
garncarstwo
practise or craft of making pottery

potto /ˈpɒtəʊ/ n
potto
small primate

potty /ˈpɒti/ n
nocnik
children's chamberpot

pouch /paʊt͡ʃ/ n
sakiewka sakwa saszetka
small bag

pouf /puːf/ /pʊf/ n
puf
padded footstool

poultry /ˈpoʊltɹi/ /ˈpɒltɹi/ /ˈpəʊltɹi/ n
drób
domestic fowl
fowl meat

pounce /paʊns/ n
proszek na atrament
powder thrown onto the paper to make the ink dry

pound /paʊnd/ n
funt
unit of currency
unit of mass (16 ounces avoirdupois)

pound /paʊnd/ v
bachnąć walić walnąć
to strike hard repeatedly
walić
slang: to penetrate sexually, with vigour
to beat strongly or throb

pound cake n
babka piaskowa
dense yellow cake made from equal quantities of butter, eggs, flour and sugar

pound sterling /paʊnd ˈstɜː(ɹ).lɪŋ/ n
funt funt sterling funt szterling sterling szterling
currency of the UK

pour /paʊəɹ/ /paʊɹ/ /po(ː)ɹ/ /poə/ /pɔɹ/ /pɔː/ v
lać sypać
to cause to flow in a stream

pour down the drain v
wyrzucać w błoto wyrzucić w błoto
to waste prior work

pour oil on troubled waters v
łagodzić
calm, appease or quieten

pour out v
wylać wylewać wysypać
distribute or spread (something), as if it were a liquid

pout /paʊt/ /pʌʊt/ v
boczyć się
sulk, (pretend to) be ill-tempered

poutine /puˈtin/ /puːˈtiːn/ /puːˈtɪn/ [pʉuˈtɪin] n
frytki z sosem pieczeniowym poutine
dish consisting of French fries topped with cheese curds and gravy; any of a number of variations on the basic poutine dish

poverty /ˈpɑːvɚti/ /ˈpɒvəti/ n
bieda ubóstwo niedostatek
quality or state of being poor

poverty line n
granica ubóstwa
threshold of poverty

pow /paʊ/ [pəʉ] interjection
bach
sound of a violent impact

powder /ˈpaʊ.də(ɹ)/ n
proszek puder przysypka zasypka
fine particles of any dry substance
puder
cosmetic product

powder horn n
prochownica
horn for gunpowder

powder keg n
beczka prochu
volatile situation
barrel of gun powder

powdered sugar /ˈpaʊ.dəd ˈʃʊɡ.ə/ /ˈpaʊ.dɚd ˈʃʊɡ.ɚ/ n
cukier puder
very finely ground sugar used in icings, etc

power /paə/ /paː/ /pɑː/ /ˈpaʊ.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈpaʊ.ɚ/ /ˈpaʊə(ɹ)/ /ˈpaʊɹ/ [ˈpʰaʊ̯.ɚ] [ˈpʰaʊ̯ɹ] n
moc potęga
physics: measure of the rate of doing work or transferring energy
moc władza możność
capability or influence
potęga
maths: product of equal factors
statistics: probability of correctly rejecting the null hypothesis
potęga mocarstwo
influential nation, company etc.
siła potęga
physical force or strength
władza
control, particularly legal or political
zasilanie
electricity, electricity supply

power /paə/ /paː/ /pɑː/ /ˈpaʊ.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈpaʊ.ɚ/ /ˈpaʊə(ɹ)/ /ˈpaʊɹ/ [ˈpʰaʊ̯.ɚ] [ˈpʰaʊ̯ɹ] v
zasilać
to provide power for

power corrupts, absolute power corrupts absolutely proverb
władza korumpuje, a władza absolutna korumpuje absolutnie
the corrupting influence of power is total when one's power is total

power function n
funkcja potęgowa

power inverter n
falownik inwerter przetwornica
a device that converts DC electricity into AC

power move n
ruch władzy
aggressive action

power of attorney /ˌpaʊə(r) əv əˈtɜː(r)niː/ n
pełnomocnictwo
document
pełnomocnictwo upoważnienie
authorisation

power series n
szereg potęgowy

power set n
zbiór potęgowy
set of all subsets of a set

power station n
elektrownia
an industrial complex where electricity is produced

power steering n
wspomaganie kierownicy
System in a vehicle

power strip n
złodziejka listwa zasilająca przedłużacz
block of electrical sockets

power supply n
zasilacz
part of apparatus

power tool n
elektronarzędzie
tool powered by an electric motor

power vacuum n
próżnia władzy
lack of political authority

power-hungry adj
energochłonny
using or requiring a lot of electrical power
spragniony władzy żądny władzy
having a strong desire for power

powerbank n
bank energii powerbank
portable device used to charge mobile phones and tablet computers

powerful /ˈpaʊəfəl/ /ˈpaʊɚfəl/ adj
mocny potężny
having or capable of exerting power, potency or influence

powerless /ˈpaʊələs/ /ˈpaʊɚləs/ adj
bezsilny
lacking sufficient power or strength

powerlessness n
bezsilność bezsiła
The state or character of being powerless

powers that be n
grupa trzymająca władzę
holders of power

powidl n
powidła powidło

powwow n
rada plemienna (Indian północnoamerykańskich)
a Native American council or meeting

practical /ˈpɹæktɪkəl/ adj
praktyczny
based on practice or action rather than theory or hypothesis
being likely to be effective and applicable to a real situation

practical joke n
figiel psikus
something done for amusement to the detriment of someone else

practicality n
praktyczność
state of being practical or feasible

practically /ˈpɹæktɪk(ə)li/ adv
bez mała niemal prawie
almost completely
praktycznie
In practice, in effect

practice /ˈpɹæktɪs/ n
praktyka
actual operation or experiment, in contrast to theory
an ongoing pursuit of a craft or profession
praktyka nawyk obyczaj zwyczaj
customary action, habit, or behaviour
ćwiczenie praktyka
repetition of an activity to improve skill

practice makes perfect proverb
ćwiczenie czyni mistrza trening czyni mistrza
if one practices an activity enough, one will eventually master it

practice what one preaches v
praktykuj, jak głosisz
act in harmony with one's teachings

practicum /ˈpɹæk.tɪ.kəm/ n
praktyka praktyka studencka
college course

practise /ˈpɹæktɪs/ v
praktykować
to perform or observe in a habitual fashion
praktykować zajmować się
to pursue (a career, especially law, fine art or medicine)
ćwiczyć
to repeat an activity as a way of improving one's skill
to perform or execute a craft or skill

practitioner /pɹækˈtɪʃənə/ /pɹækˈtɪʃənəɹ/ n
praktyczka praktyk
person who practices a profession or art

praetor /ˈpɹiːtɔː/ n
pretor
Roman administrative official

pragmatic /pɹæɡˈmætɪk/ adj
pragmatyczny
practical

pragmatics n
pragmatyka
study of the use of the language in a social context

prairie /ˈpɹɛəɹi/ [ˈpɹɛɹi] n
preria
An extensive area of relatively flat grassland

prairie dog n
nieświszczuk piesek preriowy
burrowing rodent

praise /pɹeɪz/ n
pochwała
commendation; favorable representation in words

praise /pɹeɪz/ v
chwalić pochwalić
to give praise to

praise the Lord interjection
chwała Bogu
phrase used to thank God

praise to the skies /ˌpɹeɪz tə ðə ˈskaɪz/ v
wynieść pod niebiosa wynosić pod niebiosa
to praise or laud (someone or something) excessively

praiseworthy /ˈpɹeɪz.wɜː.ði/ /ˈpɹeɪz.wɝ.ði/ adj
chwalebny godny pochwały
meriting praise

praline /pɹɑˈlin/ /ˈpɹeɪ.liːn/ /ˈpɹeɪˌlin/ /ˈpɹɑ.lin/ /ˈpɹɑˌlin/ /ˈpɹɑː.liːn/ /ˈpɹɔ.lin/ n
pralina
confection

pralltriller n
odwrócony mordent

pram /pɹæm/ n
wózek wózek dziecięcy
perambulator

prank /pɹæŋk/ n
figiel kawał
practical joke or mischievous trick

prankster n
kawalarz dowcipniś dowcipniśia figlarka figlarz kawalarka
one who performs pranks

praseodymium /ˌpɹeɪzioʊˈdɪmiəm/ n
prazeodym
chemical element

prate /pɹeɪt/ n
bajdurzyć
talk to little purpose

pratincole /ˈpɹætɪnˌkəʊl/ n
żwirowiec

prattle /ˈpɹætəl/ v
bajtlować paplać zbajtlować
to talk incessantly; to babble

prawn /pɹoːn/ /pɹɔn~pɹɑn/ /pɹɔːn/ n
krewetka
large shrimp

pray /pɹeɪ/ v
błagać
to beg humbly for aid
modlić się modlić
to talk to God
modlić się pomodlić się
to petition a higher being

prayer /pɹɛə(ɹ)/ /pɹɛɚ/ /ˈpɹeɪəɹ/ /ˈpɹɛɹ/ n
modlitwa
the specific words or methods used for praying
modlitwa modły
practice of communicating with one's God
the act of praying
a meeting held for the express purpose of praying
pragnienie modlitwa
a request; a petition

prayer beads n
różaniec sznur modlitewny
string of beads

prayer book n
modlitewnik skarbczyk
book

prayer rug n
dywan modlitewny
small rug on which Muslims kneel to pray

praying mantis n
modliszka
any of various predatory insects of the Mantidae family

pre- /pɹi/ /pɹiː/ /pɹɪ/ prefix
przed
before

pre-Christian adj
przedchrześcijański
before the arrival of Christianity

pre-Socratic /ˌpɹiːsɒˈkɹætɪk/ adj
przedsokratejski
related to the pre-Socratic philosophers

pre-Socratic /ˌpɹiːsɒˈkɹætɪk/ n
presokratyk
any one of the pre-Socratic philosophers

pre-ejaculate n
preejakulat
pre-ejaculate

pre-war adj
przedwojenny
Before a war

preach /pɹiːt͡ʃ/ v
głosić kazać
proclaim by public discourse

preach to deaf ears v
rzucać grochem o ścianę rzucić grochem o ścianę

preach to the choir v
wyważać otwarte drzwi
speaking to those who already believe

preacher /ˈpɹit͡ʃɚ/ /ˈpɹiːt͡ʃə/ n
kaznodzieja
one who preaches

preamble /ˈpɹiˌæmbəl/ /ˈpɹiːˌambəl/ n
preambuła arenga
short statement or remark, especially an explanatory introduction to a formal document or statute

preamplifier n
przedwzmacniacz
voltage amplifier

preaspiration /ˌpɹiːˌæspəˈɹeɪʃən/ n
przydech
period of voiceless breathing

prebend n
prebenda
stipend paid to a canon

prebiotic /pɹiːbaɪˈɒtɪk/ n
prebiotyk
food substance

precariat n
prekariat
sociological group

precarious /pɹɪˈkɛə.ɹɪ.əs/ /pɹɪˈkɛɚ.i.əs/ adj
niepewny niebezpieczny
dangerously insecure or unstable; perilous

precariously adv
niepewnie
in a precarious manner

precede /pɹiːˈsiːd/ /pɹəˈsiːd/ /pɹɪˈsiːd/ v
poprzedzać poprzedzić
go before, go in front of

precedence /pɹɪˈsiːd(ə)ns/ /ˈpɹiːsɪd(ə)ns/ /ˈpɹɛsɪd(ə)ns/ n
pierwszeństwo precedencja
the state of preceding in importance or priority

precedent /pɹɪˈsiː.dənt/ /ˈpɹes.ə.dənt/ /ˈpɹiː-/ /ˈpɹiː.sə.dənt/ /ˈpɹɛs-/ /ˈpɹɛs.ɪ.dənt/ n
precedens
past act used as example
leading case which is cited to justify a judgment

preceding /pɹiːˈsiːdɪŋ/ /pɹɪˈsiːdɪŋ/ adj
poprzedzający
foregoing; occurring before or in front of something else

precession n
precesja
astronomical term
physics term

prechew v
żuć przed faktem

precious /ˈpɹɛʃ.əs/ adj
cenny drogocenny drogi
of high value or worth

precious metal n
metal szlachetny kruszec
metallic element with high economic value

precious stone n
kamień szlachetny klejnot
gem

precipice /ˈpɹɛs.ə.pɪs/ /ˈpɹɛsɪpɪs/ n
przepaść
very steep cliff

precipitate /pɹəˈsɪpɪteɪt/ /pɹəˈsɪpɪtət/ /pɹɪˈsɪpɪteɪt/ /pɹɪˈsɪpɪtət/ n
osad strąt
chemistry: solid that exits the liquid phase of a solution

precipitate /pɹəˈsɪpɪteɪt/ /pɹəˈsɪpɪtət/ /pɹɪˈsɪpɪteɪt/ /pɹɪˈsɪpɪtət/ v
osadzać osadzić strącać strącić wytrącać wytrącić
to come out of a liquid solution into solid form
to separate out of a liquid solution into solid form

precipitation /pɹɪˌsɪpɪˈteɪʃən/ n
opad atmosferyczny
weather: water falling from the atmosphere

precipitationless adj
bezopadowy

precise /pɹɪˈsaɪs/ adj
dokładny precyzyjny
exact

precise /pɹɪˈsaɪs/ v
precyzować
to specify

precisely /pɹɪˈsaɪsli/ adv
dokładnie precyzyjnie
in a precise manner

precision /pɹɪˈsɪʒ.ən/ [pɹɪˈsɪʒ.n̩] n
dokładność
the state of being precise or exact; exactness
the ability of a measurement to be reproduced consistently
the consistency of a number in a linear equation
the number of significant digits to which a value may be measured reliably

preclassical adj
przedklasyczny
from before a classical period

preclude /pɹiːˈkluːd/ /pɹɪˈkluːd/ v
wykluczyć wykluczać
rule out

precognition /ˌpɹiːkɒɡˈnɪʃn̩/ n
prekognicja
knowledge of something that is to occur in the future

precursor /pɹɪˈkɜɹ.səɹ/ /pɹɪˈkɜː.sə(ɹ)/ /ˈpɹiːˌkɜɹ.səɹ/ /ˈpɹiːˌkɜː.sə(ɹ)/ n
prekursor
chemical compound
prekursor prekursorka
forerunner, predecessor

predation n
drapieżnictwo
the preying of one animal on others

predator /ˈpɹɛd.ə.tə/ /ˈpɹɛd.ə.tɚ/ n
drapieżnik
animal or organism that hunts

predecessor /ˈpɹi.də.sɛs.ɚ/ /ˈpɹiːdɪsɛsə(ɹ)/ /ˈpɹiːdɪsɛsɚ/ /ˈpɹɛd.ə.sɛs.ɚ/ n
poprzednik
model or type which precedes
poprzednik poprzedniczka antecesor
one who precedes

predestination /pɹi.dɛs.tɪˈneɪ.ʃən/ n
predestynacja
religious doctrine
destiny or fate

predicament /pɹɪˈdɪkəmənt/ n
kłopotliwa sytuacja
an unfortunate or trying position or condition

predicate /ˈpɹɛd.ɪ.kət/ /ˈpɹɛd.ɪ.kɪt/ n
orzeczenie predykat
grammar: part of sentence that states something about its subject
predykat funkcja zdaniowa
logic: a term of a statement, where the statement may be true or false

predicate logic n
logika predykatów
generic term for symbolic formal systems like first-order logic, second-order logic, many-sorted logic

predicative /ˈpɹɛ.də.kə.tɪv/ /ˈpɹɛ.dɪ.kə.tɪv/ adj
orzecznikowy
used after a verb

predicative /ˈpɹɛ.də.kə.tɪv/ /ˈpɹɛ.dɪ.kə.tɪv/ n
orzecznik
element of the predicate of a sentence which supplements the subject or object by means of the verb

predicatively /ˈpɹɛ.də.kə.tɪv.li/ /ˈpɹɛ.dɪ.kə.tɪv.li/ adv
orzecznikowo predykatywnie
in a predicative manner

predict /pɹɪˈdɪkt/ v
przewidywać przewidzieć
to state, or make something known in advance

predictability /pɹəˌdɪktəˈbɪlɪti/ n
przepowiadalność przewidywalność
The characteristic of being predictable

predictable /pɹɪˈdɪktəbl̩/ adj
przepowiadalny przewidywalny
able to be predicted

prediction /pɹɪˈdɪkʃən/ n
prognoza przepowiednia przewidywanie
a statement about the future

predisposition n
predyspozycja zadatek
the state of being predisposed

predominant /pɹɪˈdɒmɪnənt/ adj
dominujący
significant or important; dominant
przeważający
common or widespread; prevalent

preeclampsia n
preeklampsja stan przedrzucawkowy
complication of pregnancy

preelection adj
przedwyborczy
before an election

preemie n
wcześniak
premature baby

preemption /priːˈɛmpʃən/ n
pierwokup
the purchase of something before it is offered for sale
wywłaszczenie
computing: temporary interruption of a process

preface /ˈpɹɛfəs/ /ˈpɹɛfɪs/ n
przedmowa wstęp
introduction before the main text

prefect /ˈpɹiːfɛkt/ n
dyżurna dyżurny
a school pupil in a position of power over other pupils

prefecture /ˈpɹiˌfɛkt͡ʃəɹ/ /ˈpɹiːfɛktjʊə/ /ˈpɹiːfɛkt͡ʃə/ n
prefektura
The district governed by a prefect

prefer /pɹɪˈfɜː/ /pɹɪˈfɝ/ v
woleć preferować
to favor

preferable /pɹəˈfɜːɹəb(ə)l/ /ˈpɹɛf(ə)ɹəb(ə)l/ adj
bardziej odpowiedni lepszy odpowiedniejszy
better than some other option

preferably /pɹəˈfɜːɹəˌbli/ /ˈpɹɛfɹəˌbli/ adv
najchętniej
in preference

preference /ˈpɹɛf(ə)ɹ(ə)ns/ n
preferencja
bias
option to select or selected

preferences n
preferencje
user-specified settings of parameters in computer software

prefix /pɹiːˈfɪks/ /pɹɛˈfɪks/ /ˈpɹiːfɪks/ n
prefiks
computing: initial segment of a string of characters
przedrostek prefiks
morpheme at the beginning of a word

prefixation n
prefiksacja
addition of a prefix

prefixless adj
bezprefiksalny bezprzedrostkowy

prefixoid n
prefiksoid

pregaming n
bifor biforek biforka
party that takes place before another party

preggie n
ciężarówka

pregnancy /ˈpɹɛɡnənsi/ n
ciąża brzemienność
condition

pregnancy test n
test ciążowy
a piece of test equipment

pregnant /ˈpɹɛɡnənt/ adj
w ciąży ciężarny brzemienny
carrying developing offspring within the body

pregnant woman n
ciężarna

prehensile /pɹiˈhɛnsəl/ /pɹɪˈhɛn.saɪl/ adj
chwytny
able to take hold of objects

prehistoric adj
prehistoryczny
of relating to the epoch before written record

prehistory n
prehistoria
study of events and conditions before written records
history of events leaving up to something
era before written records

preholiday adj
przedświąteczny
occurring before a holiday

preimage n
przeciwobraz
set of all elements that map into a given subset of the codomain of a function

preindustrial adj
przedindustrialny
before industry

prejudge v
przesądzać przesądzić
form a judgement in advance

prejudice /ˈpɹɛd͡ʒədɪs/ n
uprzedzenie
adverse judgement formed beforehand
any preconceived opinion
irrational hostile attitude

prejudiced adj
uprzedzone uprzedzony
having prejudices

prelate /ˈpɹɛlət/ n
prałat
clergyman

prelection /pɹɪˈlɛkʃ(ə)n/ n
konferencja odczyt prelekcja

preliminary /pɹɪˈlɪmɪnəɹi/ /pɹɪˈlɪmɪnɛɹi/ adj
wstępny
in preparation for the main matter

prelude /ˈpɹeɪl(j)uːd/ /ˈpɹiːluːd/ /ˈpɹɛl(j)uːd/ n
preludium
introductory event
short piece of music

premarital adj
przedmałżeński
before one’s marriage

premature /ˈpɹɛ.mə.tjə/ /ˌpɹi.məˈtʊɹ/ /ˌpɹi.məˈt͡ʃʊɹ/ /ˌpɹɛ.məˈtjʊə/ adj
przedwczesny
occurring before a state of readiness or maturity

premature birth n
wcześniactwo
childbirth occurring earlier than 37 completed weeks of gestation

premature ejaculation n
przedwczesny wytrysk
premature ejaculation

premature ejaculator n
ktoś, kto ma przedwczesny wytrysk

prematurely /ˌpɹiːməˈtjʊə(ɹ)li/ /ˌpɹɛməˈtjʊə(ɹ)li/ adv
przedwcześnie awansem
in a premature manner

premeditation n
premedytacja
the act of planning or plotting

premenstrual /pɹiˈmɛnstɹ(əw)əl/ /pɹiˈmɛnztɹ(əw)əl/ /ˌpɹiːˈmɛnstɹʊl/ /ˌpɹiːˈmɛnstɹʊəl/ adj
przedmiesiączkowy
occurring in the time period during the menstrual cycle

premier /pɹɪˈmɪəɹ/ /ˈpɹemjə/ /ˈpɹimjɚ/ /ˈpɹɛ.mi.ə/ /ˈpɹɛ.mi.ɛː/ /ˈpɹɛm.jə/ /ˈpɹɛm.jɛː/ adj
główny pierwszy przedni
foremost, very first or very highest in quality or degree

premier /pɹɪˈmɪəɹ/ /ˈpɹemjə/ /ˈpɹimjɚ/ /ˈpɹɛ.mi.ə/ /ˈpɹɛ.mi.ɛː/ /ˈpɹɛm.jə/ /ˈpɹɛm.jɛː/ n
premier
Australia, Canada: head of a state or provincial government

premiere /-ˈmiɚ/ /pɹəˈmɪɚ/ /pɹɪ-/ /ˈpɹɛmjɛə/ n
premiera
first showing of a film, play or other form of entertainment

premise /ˈpɹɛm.ɪs/ n
nieruchomość parcela
piece of real estate
przesłanka
either of the first two propositions of a syllogism, from which the conclusion is deduced
proposition antecedently supposed or proved

premium /ˈpɹiː.miː.əm/ n
nagroda
a prize or award
premia
a bonus paid in addition to normal payments
składka
the amount to be paid for an insurance policy

premolar n
przedtrzonowiec
tooth

premonition /ˌpriːməˈnɪʃən/ /ˌprɛ-/ n
przeczucie
strong intuition

prenatal adj
prenatalny przedporodowy przedurodzeniowy
being or happening before birth

prenuptial agreement n
intercyza
document stating legal claims upon a divorce

preoccupied adj
zafrapowany zamyślony zaniepokojony zatroskany zmartwiony
concerned with something else, distracted

preorder n
praporządek
binary relation

preorder v
preorderować
to order in advance

prepaid /pɹiːˈpeɪd/ adj
przedpłacony
paid for in advance

preparation /pɹɛpəˈɹeɪʃən/ n
preparat
substance
przygotowanie
act of preparing

preparatory /-ˈpæɹ-/ /-ˈpɛəɹ-/ /-ˈpɛɹ-/ /ˈpɹɛp(ə)ɹət(ə)ɹi/ /ˈpɹɛp(ə)ɹətɔɹi/ adj
przygotowawczy
of or pertaining to preparation

prepare /pɹəˈpɛ(ə)ɹ/ /pɹɪˈpɛ(ə)ɹ/ /pɹɪˈpɛə/ /pɹɪˈpɛː/ v
przygotować przygotowywać
to make ready for a specific future purpose
to make oneself ready

prepare the ground v
szykować

prepayment n
przedpłata
payment in advance

preponderance /pɹəˈpɑndəɹəns/ /pɹəˈpɑndɹəns/ /pɹɪˈpɒndəɹəns/ /pɹɪˈpɒndɹəns/ n
przewaga
superiority of influence, power, etc.

prepone v
przesunąć na wcześniejszy termin przyspieszyć

preposition /ˌpɹɛpəˈzɪʃən/ n
przyimek
grammar: a type of word like "of, from, for, by"

prepositional article n
przyimek ściągnięty
contraction of a preposition and an article

prepositional phrase n
wyrażenie przyimkowe
phrase containing both a preposition and its complement

preposterous /pɹə-/ /pɹəˈpɑstəɹəs/ /pɹəˈpɑstɹəs/ /pɹɪˈpɒstəɹəs/ /pɹɪˈpɒstɹəs/ adj
niedorzeczny
absurd, or contrary to common sense

prequel /ˈpɹiːkwəl/ n
prequel
in a series of works, an installment that is set chronologically before its predecessor

prerequisite /pɹiˈɹɛkwəzət/ /pɹiˈɹɛkwɪzɪt/ /pɹiːˈɹɛkwɪzɪt/ n
warunek wstępny
Something that must be gained in order to gain something else

prerevolutionary adj
przedrewolucyjny
occurring before a revolution

prerogative /pəˈɹɑ.ɡə.tɪv/ /pɹəˈɹɑɡ.ə.tɪv/ /pɹɪˈɹɒɡ.ə.tɪv/ n
przywilej prerogatywa przesłanka
hereditary or official right or privilege

presbyopia n
starczowzroczność
inability of the eye, due to ageing, to focus on nearby objects

presbyter /ˈpɹɛsbɪtɚ/ /ˈpɹɛzbɪtə/ /ˈpɹɛzbɪtɚ/ n
prezbiter kapłan
elder, priest, pastor, or minister in various Christian churches

presbytery /ˈpɹɛz.bɪ.tɛɹ.i/ n
prezbiterium
a body of church elders

preschool adj
przedszkolny
relating to years before primary school

prescind v
abstrahować
To abstract (from); to dismiss from consideration.

prescribe /pɹəˈskɹaɪb/ /pɹɪˈskɹaɪb/ /ˌpɹiːˈskɹaɪb/ v
nakazywać dyktować ordynować ustanawiać zarządzać
to specify as a required procedure or ritual
ordynować przepisywać wydać receptę na (lek)
to order a drug or medical device

prescription /pɝˈskɹɪpʃən/ /pɹəˈskɹɪpʃən/ n
kodyfikacja normatywna kodyfikacja preskryptywna preskrypcja
the act or practice of laying down norms of language usage; an instance of this
normotwórstwo rozporządzanie rozporządzenie
the act of establishing a law or regulation in writing; an instance of this
przedawnienie
extinctive or liberative prescription
przepis recepta
plan of treatment or planned treatment
recepta
written order for the administration of a medicine

prescriptive /pɹɪˈskɹɪptɪv/ adj
dyrektywalny preskryptywny
of or pertaining to prescribing or enjoining, especially an action or behavior based on a norm or standard

prescriptivism /pɹəˈskɹɪp.tɪ.vɪzm̩/ /pɹəˈskɹɪp.tɪv.ɪzm̩/ n
normatywizm preskryptywizm
prescribing idealistic language norms

prescriptivist adj
preskryptywistyczny

prescriptivist n
preskryptywista

presence /ˈpɹɛz(ə)ns/ /ˈpɹɛzn̩s/ n
obecność
fact or condition of being present

present /pɹiˈzɛnt/ /pɹəˈzɛnt/ /pɹɪˈzɛnt/ /ˈpɹɛzənt/ adj
obecny
in the immediate vicinity
pertaining to the current time

present /pɹiˈzɛnt/ /pɹəˈzɛnt/ /pɹɪˈzɛnt/ /ˈpɹɛzənt/ n
teraźniejszość
current time

present /pɹiˈzɛnt/ /pɹəˈzɛnt/ /pɹɪˈzɛnt/ /ˈpɹɛzənt/ v
przedstawiać prezentować
to bring (someone) into the presence of (a person); to introduce formally
wręczać
to give a gift or presentation to (someone)

present conditional n
teraźniejszy przypuszczający

present continuous n
czas teraźniejszy ciągły
tense that describes an ongoing action in the present

present perfect continuous n
czas teraźniejszy dokonany ciągły
tense that expresses an unbroken action continuing at the present time

present tense n
czas teraźniejszy
form of language

presentation /pɹisɛnˈteɪʃən/ /ˌpɹizənˈteɪʃən/ /ˌpɹɛzənˈteɪʃən/ n
prezentacja
something presented to an audience

presenter /pɹɪˈzɛntə(ɹ)/ n
prezenter prezenterka
someone who presents a thing or person
prezenter prezenterka prowadząca prowadzący
someone who presents a broadcast programme

presentiment /prɪˈzɛn.tɪ.mənt/ n
przeczucie
a premonition; a feeling that something, often of undesirable nature, is going to happen

presently /ˈpɹɛzəntli/ adv
niebawem
before long, soon

preservative /prɪˈzəːvətɪv/ adj
zapobiegawczy
tending to preserve

preservative /prɪˈzəːvətɪv/ n
konserwant środek konserwujący
any agent, natural or artificial that acts to preserve

preserve /pɹəˈzɜːv/ /pɹəˈzɝv/ n
domena
activity with restricted access
przetwór
sweet spread
rezerwat
nature preserve

preserve /pɹəˈzɜːv/ /pɹəˈzɝv/ v
zachować
to protect

preside /pɹɪˈzaɪd/ v
prezydować przewodniczyć
to act as a president or chairperson

presidency /ˈpɹɛzɪdənsi/ n
prezydentura
office or role of president
prezydentura przewodnictwo
time during which one is president

president /ˈpɹɛzɪdənt/ n
prezydent
the head of state of a republic
przewodniczący dyrektor prezes rektor
the primary leader of a corporation

presidential /pɹɛzɪˈdɛnʃ(ə)l/ adj
prezydencki
pertaining to a president or presidency

presidium /pɹɪˈsɪdi.əm/ n
prezydium
executive committee

press /pɹɛs/ n
prasa
device used to apply pressure
printed media
prasa drukarska
printing machine

press /pɹɛs/ v
dociskać docisnąć przyciskać przycisnąć
to apply pressure
prasować uprasować
to smooth cloth with an iron

press charges v
wnieść oskarżenie
to formally accuse a person of a crime

press conference n
konferencja prasowa
question and answer session with members of television, print and other media

press release n
notatka prasowa
official written media statement

pressoreceptor n
presoreceptor

presstitute n
dziennikurwa presstytutka
a person or media entity reporting news in such a biased manner

pressure /ˈpɹɛʃə(ɹ)/ [ˈpɹɛʃ.ə(ɹ)] [ˈpɹɛʃ.ɚ] n
ciśnienie
physics: amount of force divided by area
nacisk ciśnienie
mental strain
nacisk napór ucisk
a pressing; force applied to a surface
presja przymus
a contrasting force or impulse of any kind

pressure cooker n
szybkowar
cooking vessel

pressure gauge n
ciśnieniomierz
gauge for measuring pressure

pressure point n
punkt nacisku
specific small area of the body

prestidigitator n
prestidigitator
who performs feats of prestidigitation

prestige /pɹəˈstiːd͡ʒ/ /pɹəˈstiːʒ/ /pɹɛsˈtiːd͡ʒ/ /ˈpɹɛs.tɪd͡ʒ/ n
prestiż
dignity, status, or esteem

prestigious /pɹə-/ /pɹɛˈstid͡ʒəs/ /pɹɛˈstɪd͡ʒəs/ adj
prestiżowy
of high prestige

presumably /pɹɪˈzjuːməbli/ /pɹɪˈzuːməbli/ /pɹɪˈʒuːməbli/ adv
przypuszczalnie
able to be sensibly presumed

presume /pɹiˈz(j)um/ /pɹɘˈzjʉːm/ /pɹɘˈʒʉːm/ /pɹəˈz(j)um/ /pɹɪˈzjuːm/ /pɹɪˈzjʉːm/ /pɹɪˈʒʉːm/ v
przypuszczać
to assume to be true, suppose

presumed adj
domniemany przypuszczalny
appearing to be the most probable

presumption of innocence n
domniemanie niewinności
legal principle

presumptuous /pɹiˈzʌmpt͡ʃuəs/ /pɹəˈzʌmp.tjuː.əs/ /pɹəˈzʌmp.tʃuː.əs/ /pɹəˈzʌmp.ʃəs/ /pɹəˈzʌmpt͡ʃuəs/ adj
zarozumiały bezczelny
going beyond what is proper

presuppose /ˌpɹiːsəˈpəʊz/ v
antycypować
to assume some truth without proof

presupposition /pɹiː.sʌ.pəˈzɪ.ʃ(ə)n/ n
antycypacja
assumption, conjecture, speculation or something supposed without proof

pretend /pɹiˈtɛnd/ /pɹəˈtɛnd/ /pɹɪˈtɛnd/ adj
na niby
imaginary

pretend /pɹiˈtɛnd/ /pɹəˈtɛnd/ /pɹɪˈtɛnd/ v
udawać
to allege falsely

pretender /pɹɪˈtɛndəɹ/ n
pretendent
claimant to a throne

pretentious /pɹɪˈtɛnʃəs/ adj
pretensjonalny
marked by an unwarranted claim to importance or distinction

preterite /ˈpɹɛtəɹət/ /ˈpɹɛtəɹɪt/ adj
przeszły
showing an action at a determined moment in the past

preterite /ˈpɹɛtəɹət/ /ˈpɹɛtəɹɪt/ n
czas przeszły
preterite tense; simple past

pretext /ˈpɹiːtɛkst/ n
wymówka pretekst
false, contrived or assumed purpose

prettily adv
ładnie
in a pretty manner

pretty /ˈpɔɪti/ /ˈpɝti/ /ˈpɹɪti/ /ˈpɹʊti/ [ˈpɹɪɾi] adj
ładny
especially of women and children: pleasant, attractive

pretty /ˈpɔɪti/ /ˈpɝti/ /ˈpɹɪti/ /ˈpɹʊti/ [ˈpɹɪɾi] adv
całkiem
somewhat

pretzel /ˈpɹɛt.səl/ [ˈpʰɹɛʔt͡sɫ̩] n
precel
toasted bread or cracker in the shape of a knot

prevent /pɹəˈvɛnt/ /pɹɪˈvɛnt/ v
zapobiegać zapobiec
to keep from happening

prevention /pɹɪˈvɛnʃən/ n
prewencja zapobieganie
The act of preventing or hindering

prevention is better than cure proverb
lepiej zapobiegać niż leczyć
It is better to prevent the creation of a problem than to have to deal with it afterwards.

preventive /pɹɪˈvɛntɪv/ adj
zapobiegawczy
slowing the development of an illness

preview /ˈpɹiːvjuː/ n
podgląd
something seen in advance
prapremiera
advance showing of a film, exhibition etc.
przedsmak
foretaste of something

previous /ˈpɹi.vi.əs/ /ˈpɹiː.vɪəs/ adj
poprzedni ubiegły
prior
przedwczesny
premature

previously /ˈpɹivi.əsli/ /ˈpɹiːvi.əsli/ adv
poprzednio
at an earlier time

prey /pɹeɪ/ n
zdobycz
booty, anything taken by force
zdobycz pastwa żer
that which may be seized by animals

prey on v
żerować
to exploit or victimize

priapism /ˈpraɪ.əˌpɪ.zəm/ n
priapizm ciągotka
medical condition

price /pɹaɪs/ /pɹʌɪs/ n
cena
cost required to gain possession of something
cost of an action or deed

price /pɹaɪs/ /pɹʌɪs/ v
wycenić
determine or put a price on something

price floor n
cena minimalna
imposed lowest price

price list n
cennik
list of items with prices

price tag n
etykieta metka
the tag or sticker attached to a product, displaying its price

priceless /-ləs/ /ˈpɹaɪslɪs/ adj
bezcenny
so precious as not to be sold at any price

pricelessly adv
bezcennie

pricelessness n
bezcenność

pricey /ˈpɹaɪsi/ adj
arcykosztowny
expensive

prick /pɹɪk/ [pʰɹ̠̊ɪk] n
chuj
(slang) a penis
ukłucie
feeling of being pierced or punctured

prick up one's ears v
nadstawiać ucha nadstawić ucha
to listen attentively

prickle /pɹɪkəl/ n
kolec
A small, sharp pointed object, such as a thorn

prickly pear /ˌpɹɪkli ˈpɛː/ n
opuncja
any of various spiny cacti of the genus Opuntia
cactus fruit

pride /pɹaɪd/ [ˈpɹ̥ʷaɪd] n
duma
sense of one's own worth, and abhorrence of what is beneath or unworthy of one
that of which one is proud; that which excites boasting or self-gratulation; the occasion or ground of self-esteem
proud or disdainful behavior or treatment; insolence or arrogance of demeanor; haughty bearing and conduct
consciousness of power; fullness of animal spirits; mettle; wantonness
pycha zarozumiałość duma
quality or state of being proud; inordinate self-esteem; an unreasonable conceit of one's own superiority in talents, beauty, wealth, rank etc.
stado
company of lions

pride comes before a fall proverb
pycha kroczy przed upadkiem pycha poprzedza upadek pycha przed upadkiem chodzi
a person who is excessively proud will often suffer a setback or failure

prie-dieu /pɹiːˈdjəː/ n
klęcznik
a piece of furniture on which someone can pray

priest /ˈpɹiːst/ [ˈpɹ̥iːst] n
ksiądz kapłan duchowny klecha prezbiter
clergyman (clergywoman, clergyperson)

priestess /priːˈstɛs/ /ˈpristɪs/ /ˈpriːstɛs/ n
kapłanka
woman with religious duties
popadia
priest’s wife

priesthood /ˈpɹiːstˌhʊd/ n
duchowieństwo
clergy
kapłaństwo
role or office

prim /pɹɪm/ [pʰɹ̠̊ɪm] adj
pedantyczny
prudish

prima ballerina n
primabalerina
lead female dancer

prima donna /ˌpɹiːməˈdɒnə/ n
primadonna
opera singer

primacy effect n
efekt pierwszeństwa
increased ability to remember the first items in a list

primality n
bycie liczbą pierwszą
condition of being a prime number

primary /ˈpɹaɪm(ə)ɹiː/ /ˈpɹaɪməɹi/ /ˈpɹaɪˌmɛɹi/ adj
główny podstawowy
that which is placed ahead of others
pierwszy
first in a group or series

primary /ˈpɹaɪm(ə)ɹiː/ /ˈpɹaɪməɹi/ /ˈpɹaɪˌmɛɹi/ n
prawybory
preliminary election

primary education n
wykształcenie podstawowe
basic schooling

primary election n
prawybory
preliminary election to select a candidate

primary school n
szkoła podstawowa podstawówka
first formal, obligatory school

primary source n
źródło pierwotne
document
original work

primate /ˈpɹaɪmeɪt/ n
naczelny
mammal
prymas
archbishop or bishop

primatologist n
prymatolog
scientist whose speciality is primatology

primatology n
prymatologia
branch of zoology

prime /pɹaɪ̯m/ adj
pierwsza
mathematics: having no factors except itself and unity
pierwszy
first in time, order, or sequence
first in excellence, quality, or value
first in importance, degree, or rank

prime factor n
czynnik pierwszy
factor

prime factor v
rozkładać na czynniki pierwsze rozłożyć na czynniki pierwsze

prime factorization n
rozkład na czynniki pierwsze
factorization of a positive integer into its constituent prime numbers

prime minister /ˌpɹaɪm ˈmɪnɪstə(ɹ)/ n
premier
chief member of the cabinet and head of the government

prime mover n
pierwszy poruszyciel
philosophy: initial agent

prime number n
liczba pierwsza
natural number

prime of life n
siła wieku
period of peak ability

prime time n
prime time
block of television programming

primer /ˈpɹaɪ.mə(ɹ)/ /ˈpɹaɪmɚ/ /ˈpɹɪ.mɚ/ n
elementarz
introductory textbook
elementarz abecadło
children's book introducing basic literacy

primeval /ˌpɹaɪˈmi.vəl/ adj
pierwotny
primary; original
pradawny pradziejowy prastary przedwieczny
belonging to the first ages
prymitywny
primitive

primeval forest n
puszcza
large forest unaffected by humans

primitive /ˈpɹɪmɪtɪv/ adj
prymitywny
old-fashioned; characterized by simplicity

primitive /ˈpɹɪmɪtɪv/ n
prymityw
computing: data type

primitivism n
prymitywizm
artistic mouvement

primogeniture n
pierworództwo primogenitura
state of being the firstborn of the children of the same parents
primogenitura
exclusive right of inheritance belonging to the eldest child

primordial /pɹaɪˈmɔɹ.di.əl/ /pɹaɪˈmɔː.di.əl/ adj
początkowy pierwotny
earliest

primordial soup n
zupa pierwotna
state of the Earth's oceans at a very early time in the planet's history

primordium n
zawiązek
first stage of development of an organ

primrose /ˈpɹɪm.ɹoʊz/ /ˈpɹɪm.ɹəʊz/ n
pierwiosnek bezłodygowy pierwiosnka bezłodygowa
Primula acaulis
pierwiosnek pierwiosnka prymula prymulka
flower of a primrose
plant of the genus Primula
pierwiosnkowate
plant of the family Primulaceae

primula n
prymula
plant of Primula

prince /pɹɪns/ /pɹɪnts/ n
książę
son or male-line grandson of a reigning monarch
(figuratively) great person
książę kniaź
male ruler or head of a principality

princely /ˈpɹɪnsli/ adj
książęcy
relating to a prince
befitting to a prince

princess /pɹɪnˈsɛs/ /ˈpɹɪnsɛs/ /ˈpɹɪnsɪs/ n
księżna
female monarch, or wife of a ruler
księżniczka księżna
female member of royal family

principal /ˈpɹɪnsəpəl/ /ˈpɹɪnsɪpəl/ adj
główny podstawowy
primary, main

principal /ˈpɹɪnsəpəl/ /ˈpɹɪnsɪpəl/ n
dyrektor dyrektorka
chief administrator of a school
kapitał
money originally invested or loaned
klient mocodawca
legal: one on behalf of whom an agent or gestor acts

principality /pɹɪnsɪˈpælɪti/ n
księstwo
region

principle /ˈpɹɪnsəpəl/ /ˈpɹɪnsɪpəl/ n
prawo zasada
rule of nature
zasada
moral rule or aspect
zasada reguła
fundamental assumption
rule to solve a problem

principle of charity pn
zasada wielkoduszności
principle

print /pɹɪnt/ n
odbitka
photograph that has been printed onto paper from the negative

print /pɹɪnt/ v
drukować
to produce a copy of a text or image on a surface, especially by machine
pisać drukowanymi literami
to write clearly

print run n
nakład

printable adj
drukowalny
worthy or capable of being printed

printed circuit board n
obwód drukowany
board holding chips etc.

printed matter n
druki
printed material

printer /ˈpɹɪntə(ɹ)/ /ˈpɹɪntɚ/ [ˈpʰɹɪɾ̃ɚ] n
drukarka
computing: device used to print text or images
drukarz drukarka
operator of a printing press

printing /ˈpɹɪntɪŋ/ n
druk drukarstwo
the process or business of producing printed material

printing house n
drukarnia
company chiefly devoted to printing

printing press n
maszyna drukarska
machine for printing

prior /ˈpɹaɪ.ə/ /ˈpɹaɪ.ɚ/ n
przeor
a high-ranking member of a monastery, usually lower in rank than an abbot

prioress n
przeorysza
a nun in charge of a priory

priority /pɹaɪˈɒɹɪti/ /pɹaɪˈɔɹɪti/ n
priorytet
goal of a person or an organisation
item's relative importance

priority road n
droga z pierwszeństwem

priory /ˈpɹaɪ.əɹ.i/ /ˈpɹaɪəɹ.i/ n
klasztor
monastery or convent governed by a prior or prioress

prism /ˈpɹɪz(ə)m/ [ˈpʰɹ̠̊ɪzm̩] n
graniastosłup
geometry: polyhedron with parallel ends of the same size and shape
pryzmat
block used to split or reflect light

prismatic /pɹɪzˈmætɪk/ adj
pryzmatyczny
of or pertaining to a prism

prismatoid n
pryzmatoid
polyhedron

prison /ˈpɹɪzən/ [pʰɹ̠̊ɪzn̩] n
więzienie
confinement in a prison
więzienie pierdel
place of long-term confinement for those convicted of serious crimes

prison camp n
obóz jeniecki
camp for prisoners

prison cell n
cela
room to which a prisoner is confined

prison guard n
strażnik więzienny
person working to provide order to in a jail

prisoner /ˈpɹɪznə/ /ˈpɹɪzənə/ /ˈpɹɪzənɚ/ n
jeniec więzień
figurative: any person held against his or her will
więzień więźniarka
person incarcerated in a prison

prisoner of conscience n
więzień polityczny więzień sumienia
person

prisoner of war /ˈpɹɪz.(ə).nə əv ˈwɔː/ /ˈpɹɪz.(ə).nɚ əv ˈwoɹ/ n
jeniec wojenny
combatant or soldier captured by an enemy power during or immediately after an armed conflict

pristine /pɹɪsˈtaɪn/ /pɹɪsˈtiːn/ /ˈpɹɪstiːn/ adj
dziewiczy, nietknięty nieskażony
unspoiled
pierwotny
pertaining to the earliest state of something

privacy /ˈpɹaɪ.və.si/ /ˈpɹɪv.ə.si/ n
prywatność
freedom from unwanted disturbance
state of being secluded

private /ˈpɹaɪ.vət/ /ˈpɹaɪ.vɪt/ adj
prywatny niejawny poufny
not accessible by the public
prywatny osobisty
belonging to, concerning, or accessible only to an individual person or a specific group

private /ˈpɹaɪ.vət/ /ˈpɹaɪ.vɪt/ n
szeregowiec szeregowy
soldier

private detective n
prywatny detektyw
any agent hired by a private party for the purpose of investigation or evidence gathering

private international law n
prawo prywatne międzynarodowe
law

private law n
prawo prywatneo prawo prywatne
area of law

private life n
życie osobiste życie prywatne
aspect of one's life that are personal

private message n
priv wiadomość prywatna
communication to an individual social media user

private sector n
sektor prywatny
organizations not controlled by government

privatization n
prywatyzacja
transfer from the government to private ownership

privatize /ˈpɹaɪvətaɪz/ v
prywatyzować
to release government control to private industry

privet /ˈpɹɪv.ɪt/ n
ligustr
Any of various shrubs and small trees in the genus Ligustrum

privilege /ˈpɹɪv(ɪ)lɪd͡ʒ/ n
przywilej
particular benefit, advantage, or favor

privileged /ˈpɹɪv(ɪ)lɪdʒd/ adj
elitarny uprzywilejowany wyróżniony
having special privileges

prize /pɹaɪz/ n
nagroda
honor or reward striven for in a competitive contest
that which may be won by chance

prizewinner n
laureat laureatka
winner of a prize

pro /pɹoʊ/ /pɹəʊ/ n
za
advantage of something

pro /pɹoʊ/ /pɹəʊ/ preposition
za
in favor of

pro forma adj
pro forma
for the sake of form only

pro tem /pɹəʊˈtɛm/ adv
ad hoc doraźnie
temporarily

pro- /pɹoʊ/ /pɹəʊ/ prefix
pro-
prefix meaning supporting or favouring
przed-
prefix

pro-American adj
proamerykański
supporting the United States

pro-European adj
proeuropejski
supporting European peoples or integration

pro-Russian adj
prorosyjski
supportive of Russian or Russians

pro-US adj
proamerykański

pro-abortionist n
aborcjonista aborcjonistka
one who supports or defends the practice and/or legality of abortion

pro-choice adj
pro-choice
supportive of abortion rights

pro-choicer n
aborcjonista aborcjonistka
person with pro-choice views, or who advocates such policies

pro-life adj
pro-life
opposed to abortion

pro-lifer n
antyaborcjonista zygotarianin
person with pro-life views

probability /ˌpɹɑbəˈbɪləti/ /ˌpɹɑbəˈbɪlɪti/ /ˌpɹɒbəˈbɪlɪti/ [ˌpɹɑbəˈbɪləɾi] [ˌpɹɑbəˈbɪlɪɾi] n
prawdopodobieństwo
mathematical probability

probability measure n
miara probabilistyczna
measure on probability space

probability space n
przestrzeń probabilistyczna
notion in probability theory

probability theory n
rachunek prawdopodobieństwa
study of probability

probable /ˈpɹɑbəbl̩/ /ˈpɹɒbəbl̩/ adj
prawdopodobny
likely to be true

probably /ˈpɹɑbli/ /ˈpɹɑbəbli/ /ˈpɹɑəbli/ /ˈpɹɒbli/ /ˈpɹɒbəbli/ adv
prawdopodobnie chyba przypuszczalnie
in all likelihood

probation /ˌpɹoʊˈbeɪʃən/ n
okres próbny staż
period of conditional employment or engagement

probation officer n
kurator sądowy
law enforcement officer

probe /pɹoʊb/ /pɹəʊb/ n
sonda
any of various medical instruments used to explore wounds, organs, etc

probe /pɹoʊb/ /pɹəʊb/ v
badać dociec dociekać wnikać wniknąć zbadać
to explore, investigate, or question

probiotic adj
probiotyczny
that contains live bacteria for therapeutic purposes

probiotic n
probiotyk
food or dietary supplement

probity /ˈpɹoʊbəti/ /ˈpɹəʊbɪti/ [-ɾi] n
uczciwość
integrity

problem /ˈpɹɑbləm/ /ˈpɹɒbləm/ /ˈpɹɒblɪm/ n
problem kłopot
difficulty
zadanie problem
schoolwork exercise

problematic /ˌpɹɑbləˈmætɪk/ /ˌpɹɒbləˈmætɪk/ adj
problematyczny
posing a problem

problematic /ˌpɹɑbləˈmætɪk/ /ˌpɹɒbləˈmætɪk/ n
problematyka
problem in a particular field of study

procedural /pɹəˈsiːd͡ʒ(ə)ɹəl/ adj
proceduralny
related to procedure

procedural memory n
pamięć proceduralna

procedure /pɹəˈsid͡ʒɚ/ /pɹəˈsiːd͡ʒə/ n
procedura
method for performing a task
series of small tasks to accomplish an end
computing: subroutine or function coded to perform a specific task
steps taken in a legal proceeding

process /-əs/ /ˈpɹoʊsɛs/ /ˈpɹɑsɛs/ /ˈpɹəʊsɛs/ n
proces
(computing) An executable task or program
series of events to produce a result

process /-əs/ /ˈpɹoʊsɛs/ /ˈpɹɑsɛs/ /ˈpɹəʊsɛs/ v
asymilować przyswajać
to think information over, and assimilate it
przetwarzać
to perform a particular process

processed cheese n
ser topiony
any of several types of natural cheese

processing /ˈpɹɑsɛsɪŋ/ /ˈpɹəʊsɛsɪŋ/ n
obróbka
act of taking something through a set of prescribed procedures

procession /pɹəˈsɛʃən/ n
procesja
group of people or thing moving along in an orderly manner
act of progressing or proceeding
sekwencja
number of things happening in sequence

processor /ˈpɹɑˌsɛsɚ/ /ˈpɹəʊˌsɛsə(ɹ)/ n
procesor
microprocessor
device which processes

processual adj
procesualny
of, or relating to a process

proclaim /pɹoʊˈkleɪm/ /pɹəʉˈklæɪm/ /pɹəʊˈkleɪm/ v
proklamować
to announce or declare

proclamation /ˌpɹɑkləˈmeɪʃən/ /ˌpɹɒkləˈmeɪʃən/ n
proklamacja apel odezwa
a statement which is proclaimed

proclitic /pɹoʊˈklɪt.ɪk/ /pɹəʉˈklɪt.ɪk/ /pɹəʊˈklɪt.ɪk/ [pɹoʊˈklɪɾ.ɪk] [pɹəʉˈklɪɾ.ɪk] n
proklityka
clitic which joins with the following word

proclivity /pɹoʊˈklɪvəti/ /pɹoʊˈklɪvɪti/ n
skłonność
A predisposition or natural inclination, propensity, or a predilection

procrastination /-ʃn̩/ /pɹoʊˌkɹæs.tɪˈneɪ.ʃən/ /pɹəʊˌkɹæs.tɪˈneɪ.ʃən/ n
prokrastynacja zwłoka
act of postponing, delaying or putting off

procrastinator n
prokrastynator
one who procrastinates; one who delays working on things

procreation n
prokreacja
the sexual activity of conceiving and bearing offspring

procrustean bed n
prokrustowe łoże
arbitrary standard to which compliance is enforced

proctologist n
proktolog
expert in proctology

procure /pɹəˈkjɔː/ /pɹəˈkjɝ/ /pɹəˈkjʊə/ /pɹəˈkjʊɹ/ v
sprokurować wystarać się
stręczyć
to induce or persuade someone to do something

procurement /pɹoʊˈkjʊəɹ.mənt/ /pɹəˈkjʊə.mənt/ /pɹəˈkjʊəɹ.mənt/ n
zaopatrzenie
act of procuring or obtaining
purchasing department of a company

prodigal /ˈpɹɑdɪɡəl/ /ˈpɹɒdɪɡəl/ [ˈpʰɹɑɾɪɡɫ̩] adj
marnotrawny rozrzutny
wastefully extravagant

prodigal son n
syn marnotrawny
one who returns

produce /pɹəˈdjuːs/ /pɹəˈdus/ /pɹəˈd͡ʒuːs/ /ˈpɹoʊ.dus/ /ˈpɹɑ.dus/ /ˈpɹɒdjuːs/ /ˈpɹɒd͡ʒuːs/ v
produkować wytwarzać wytworzyć
to make or manufacture

producer /pɹəˈdjuːsə/ /pɹəˈduːsɚ/ /pɹəˈdʒuːsə/ n
producent producentka
in arts
producent wytwórca
in economics

producer good n
półfabrykat półprodukt półwyrób
item of goods, such as partly finished goods, used as an input in the production of other goods

product /ˈpɹɑ.dəkt/ /ˈpɹɑ.dʌkt/ /ˈpɹɒd.əkt/ /ˈpɹɒd.ʌkt/ n
iloczyn produkt
multiplication result
produkcja produkt
amount created by a process
produkt iloczyn
result of chemical reaction
produkt wyrób towar
commodity for sale
wynik efekt
consequence of efforts

product base n
baza produktów

product placement n
lokowanie produktu
a form of advertising

production /pɹəˈdʌkʃən/ n
produkcja wytwarzanie
the act of producing

production order n
zlecenie produkcyjne

productive /pɹəˈdʌk.təv/ /pɹəˈdʌk.tɪv/ adj
produktywny
yielding good or useful results; constructive

productivity /ˌpɹoʊdʌkˈtɪvɪti/ /ˌpɹɑdʌkˈtɪvɪti/ /ˌpɹɒdʌkˈtɪvəti/ n
produktywność
state of being productive
rate at which goods or services are produced by a standard population of workers

productless adj
bezprodukcyjny

profane /pɹəˈfeɪn/ adj
bluźnierczy
Treating sacred matters with contempt, disrespect, irreverence, or undue familiarity
taking the name of God in vain

profanity n
przekleństwo wulgaryzm
obscene, lewd or abusive language

profascist adj
profaszystowski
in favour of fascism

profession /pɹəˈfɛʃən/ n
zawód fach
occupation

profession of faith n
wyznanie wiary
creed

professional /pɹəˈfɛʃənəl/ adj
profesjonalny
of, pertaining to, or in accordance with the standards of a profession
expert
that is carried out as a livelihood

professional /pɹəˈfɛʃənəl/ n
profesjonalista zawodowiec
expert
person who earns their living from a specified activity

professional secrecy n
tajemnica zawodowa

professional wrestling n
wrestling
entertainment characterized by choreographed wrestling

professionalism /pɹəˈfɛʃənəˌlɪzəm/ n
profesjonalizm
status or methods of a professional

professionally adv
profesjonalnie
in a professional manner

professor /pɹəˈfɛsə/ /pɹəˈfɛsɚ/ n
profesor profesorka
a higher ranking for a teacher or faculty member at a college or university

proficiency /pɹəˈfɪʃənsi/ n
biegłość
ability or skill

proficient /pɹoʊˈfɪʃ.ənt/ /pɹəˈfɪʃ.ənt/ adj
biegły
skilled

proficiently adv
biegle

profit /ˈpɹɑfɪt/ /ˈpɹɒfɪt/ n
profit przychód
total income or cash flow minus expenditures
zysk korzyść profit
benefit

profit /ˈpɹɑfɪt/ /ˈpɹɒfɪt/ v
korzystać skorzystać
To benefit, gain
wyzyskiwać wyzyskać
To take advantage of, exploit, use

profit center n
centrum zysku

profit margin n
marża
ratio of income to sales

profitability /pɹɒf.ɪ.təˈbɪl.ɪ.ti/ /ˈpɹɑ.fɪ.təˈbɪl.ɪ.ti/ n
opłacalność rentowność
The quality or state of being profitable

profitable /ˈpɹɑ.fɪ.tə.bl̩/ /ˈpɹɒf.ɪ.tə.bl̩/ adj
dochodowy korzystny
producing profit

profligate /ˈpɹɑːflɪɡeɪt/ /ˈpɹɑːflɪɡət/ /ˈpɹɒflɪɡeɪt/ /ˈpɹɒflɪɡət/ adj
rozrzutny
inclined to waste resources or behave extravagantly

profound /pɹəˈfaʊnd/ adj
głęboki
intellectually deep

profusely /pɹəˈfjusli/ adv
bogato
in great quantity or abundance; in a profuse manner

profusion /pɹoʊˈfjuʒən/ /pɹə(ʊ)ˈfjuːʒən/ /pɹəˈfjuʒən/ n
obfitość
abundance

progenitor /pɹoʊˈd͡ʒɛn.ɪ.tɚ/ /pɹəʊˈd͡ʒɛn.ɪ.tə/ /pɹəˈd͡ʒɛn.ə.tə/ /pɹəˈd͡ʒɛn.ə.tɚ/ n
pomysłodawca prekursor
someone who originates something
poprzednik
a predecessor of something
przodek
any of a person's direct ancestors

progeny /ˈpɹɑd͡ʒəni/ /ˈpɹɒd͡ʒəni/ n
potomstwo progenitura
offspring

prognosis /-səs/ /pɹɑɡˈnoʊsiz/ /pɹɑɡˈnoʊsɪs/ /pɹɒɡˈnəʊsiːz/ /pɹɒɡˈnəʊsɪs/ n
prognoza
forecast of the future course or outcome of a situation based on what is presently known
prognoza rokowanie
forecast of the future course or outcome of a disease or disorder based on current medical knowledge

program /ˈpɹoʊɡɹəm/ /ˈpɹoʊˌɡɹæm/ /ˈpɹoːɡɹɑːm/ /ˈpɹoːɡɹəm/ /ˈpɹəʊɡɹæm/ n
program
set of structured activities
software application
set of political goals
program audycja emisja
performance of a show or other broadcast on radio or television
program repertuar
leaflet listing information about a play, game or other activity

program /ˈpɹoʊɡɹəm/ /ˈpɹoʊˌɡɹæm/ /ˈpɹoːɡɹɑːm/ /ˈpɹoːɡɹəm/ /ˈpɹəʊɡɹæm/ v
programować
to enter a program or other instructions into a computer

program counter n
licznik programu
register

program trading n
handel wysokich częstotliwości handel wysokiej częstotliwości
programmed trading

programless adj
bezprogramowy

programlessness n
bezprogramowość

programmable /pɹəʊˈɡɹæməbəl/ adj
programowalny
capable of being programmed

programmer /ˈpɹoʊɡɹæmɚ/ /ˈpɹəʊɡɹæmə/ n
programator
a device that installs a software program into some other machine
programista programistka
one who writes computer programs

programming /ˈpɹoʊɡɹæmɪŋ/ /ˈpɹəʊɡɹəmɪŋ/ n
programowanie
act of writing a computer program

programming language /ˈpɹoʊɡɹæmɪŋ læŋɡwɪdʒ/ /ˈpɹəʊɡɹæmɪŋ læŋɡwɪdʒ/ n
język programowania
code of reserved words and symbols

progress /-ɹəs/ /ˈpɹɑɡɹɛs/ /ˈpɹəʊɡɹɛs/ n
postęp
advancement to a more developed state
movement onwards or forwards
movement or advancement through a series of events, or points in time

progress bar n
pasek postępu
computing: a bar that indicates the progression of a task

progression /pɹəˈɡɹɛʃən/ n
ciąg postęp
mathematical sequence
progresja
moving from one thing to another

progressive /pɹəˈɡɹes.ɪv/ /pɹəˈɡɹɛs.ɪv/ adj
postępowy
gradually advancing in extent; increasing
progresywny
favouring or promoting progress; advanced
increasing in rate as the taxable amount increases
promoting or favoring progress towards improved conditions or new policies, ideas or methods

progressive /pɹəˈɡɹes.ɪv/ /pɹəˈɡɹɛs.ɪv/ n
postępowiec progresywista
A person who actively favors or strives for progress towards improved conditions, as in society or government

progressive assimilation n
upodobnienie postępowe

progressive tax n
podatek progresywny

progressively /pɹəˈɡɹɛsɪvli/ adv
postępowo progresywnie
in a progressive manner

prohibit /pɹoʊˈhɪbɪt/ /pɹəʊˈhɪbɪt/ /pɹəˈhɪbət/ /pɹəˈhɪbɪt/ v
zakazywać zakazać
to proscribe officially

prohibition /ˌpɹoʊ(h)ɪˈbɪʃən/ /ˌpɹəʊ(h)ɪˈbɪʃən/ n
zakaz
law that prohibits something

project /pɹəˈd͡ʒɛkt/ /ˈpɹoʊ.d͡ʒɛkt/ /ˈpɹɐʊ.d͡ʒɛkt/ /ˈpɹɑ.d͡ʒɛkt/ /ˈpɹɑ.d͡ʒɪkt/ /ˈpɹɑˌd͡ʒɛkt/ /ˈpɹɒd͡ʒ.ɛkt/ /ˈpɹəʊ.dʒɛkt/ [-d͡ʒɪ̈kt] n
projekt plan
planned endeavor

project /pɹəˈd͡ʒɛkt/ /ˈpɹoʊ.d͡ʒɛkt/ /ˈpɹɐʊ.d͡ʒɛkt/ /ˈpɹɑ.d͡ʒɛkt/ /ˈpɹɑ.d͡ʒɪkt/ /ˈpɹɑˌd͡ʒɛkt/ /ˈpɹɒd͡ʒ.ɛkt/ /ˈpɹəʊ.dʒɛkt/ [-d͡ʒɪ̈kt] v
planować przewidywać
to make plans for; forecast
rzucać rzucić
to cast (image, shadow)
wyciągać wyciągnąć
to extend (a protrusion or appendage) outward
wystawać
to extend beyond a surface

project management n
zarządzanie projektami
discipline of organizing and managing project resources

projectable adj
projekcyjny
able to be projected
projekcyjny rzutowy
(mathematics)

projectile /pɹə(ʊ)ˈd͡ʒɛktɪl/ /pɹə(ʊ)ˈd͡ʒɛktʌɪl/ /pɹəˈd͡ʒɛk.taɪl/ /pɹəˈd͡ʒɛk.tl̩/ n
pocisk
object intended to be or having been fired from a weapon

projection /pɹəˈd͡ʒɛkʃən/ n
odwzorowanie projekcja
photography: image cast by a translucent object
prognoza przewidywanie
forecast or prognosis obtained by extrapolation
projekcja
psychology: belief that others have similar thoughts and experiences as oneself
cartography: system of representing surface of the earth on a flat surface
projekcja rzut
geometry: image of an object on a surface of fewer dimensions
mathematics: transformation extracting a fragment of an object
projekcja wyświetlenie
display of an image by a projector
rzucanie
action of projecting, throwing or propelling something
występ
something which projects

projective geometry n
geometria rzutowa
branch of mathematics

projector /pɹəˈd͡ʒɛktɚ/ n
projektor rzutnik
optical device

prokaryote /pɹoʊˈkæɹi.oʊt/ /pɹoʊˈkæɹi.ət/ /pɹoʊˈkɛəɹi.oʊt/ /pɹəʊˈkæɹi.ɒt/ /pɹəʊˈkæɹi.əʊt/ n
prokariont
organism characterized by absence of nucleus

prokaryotic adj
prokariotyczny
of cells, lacking a nucleus

proleg n
posuwka
appendage of some insect larvae

proletarian adj
proletariacki
relating to proletariat

proletarian n
proletariusz proletariuszka
member of the proletariat

proletariat /ˌpɹoʊ.lɪˈtɛɚ.i.ət/ /ˌpɹəʊ.lɪˈtɛə.ɹɪ.ət/ n
proletariat
lowest class of society; lower classes of society generally
lowest class of citizens in Ancient Rome and elsewhere
wage-earners collectively

proliferation /pɹəˌlɪf.əˈɹeɪ.ʃən/ /pɹəˌlɪf.əˈɹæɪ.ʃən/ n
proliferacja
the spread of weapons of mass destruction
rozprzestrzenienie
the process by which an organism produces others of its kind

prolific /pɹəˈlɪf.ɪk/ /ˌpɹoʊˈlɪf.ɪk/ adj
płodny
Fertile, producing offspring or fruit in great abundance
wyborowy
Similarly producing results or works in abundance

proline n
prolina
nonessential amino acid; C₅H₉NO₂

prolix /pɹoʊˈlɪks/ /ˈpɹəʊ.lɪks/ adj
przegadany
tediously lengthy

prolixity /pɹəʊˈlɪk.sɪ.ti/ /pɹəˈlɪk.sɪ.ti/ n
rozwlekłość
An excess of words

prologue /ˈpɹoʊlɑɡ/ /ˈpɹoʊlɔɡ/ /ˈpɹəʊlɒɡ/ n
prolog
speech or section used as an introduction, especially to a play or novel

promenade /pɹɑməˈneɪd/ /pɹɑməˈnɑd/ /pɹɒməˈneɪd/ /pɹɒməˈnɑːd/ /ˈpɹɒməneɪd/ /ˈpɹɒmənɑːd/ n
promenada
place to walk

promenade /pɹɑməˈneɪd/ /pɹɑməˈnɑd/ /pɹɒməˈneɪd/ /pɹɒməˈnɑːd/ /ˈpɹɒməneɪd/ /ˈpɹɒmənɑːd/ v
przechadzać się spacerować
to walk

promethium /pɹoʊˈmiːθiəm/ n
promet
chemical element

prominence /ˈpɹɑ.mɪ.nəns/ /ˈpɹɒ.mɪ.nəns/ n
wzniesienie
relative height

prominent /ˈpɹɑmɪnənt/ /ˈpɹɒmɪnənt/ adj
prominentny
projecting, protuberant

promiscuity /ˌpɹoʊ.mɪˈskju.ɪ.ti/ /ˌpɹɑm.ɪˈskju.ɪ.ti/ /ˌpɹɒm.ɪˈskju.ɪ.ti/ /ˌpɹəʊ.mɪˈskju.ɪ.ti/ n
promiskuityzm
state or quality of being promiscuous

promiscuous /pɹəˈmɪs.kju.əs/ adj
nasłuchujący
being in a mode in which a NIC gathers all network traffic
rozwiązły rozpustny
indiscriminate in choice of sexual partners

promise /ˈpɹɑmɪs/ /ˈpɹɒmɪs/ n
obietnica
vow

promise /ˈpɹɑmɪs/ /ˈpɹɒmɪs/ v
obiecywać obiecać
to commit to something

promise the moon v
obiecać złote góry obiecywać złote góry

promissory note n
weksel własny
document saying that someone owes a specific amount of money

promontory /ˈpɹɑməntɔɹi/ /ˈpɹɒm.ən.tɹi/ n
przylądek cypel
a high point of land extending into a body of water, headland; cliff

promote /pɹəˈmoʊt/ /pɹəˈməʊt/ v
awansować zaawansować
raise someone to a more important, responsible, or remunerative job or rank
promować wypromować
advocate or urge on behalf of something

promoter n
promotor promotorka
A material that accelerates the action of a catalyst

promotion /pɹəˈmoʊʃən/ /pɹəˈməʊʃən/ n
awans
advancement in position
promocja
dissemination of positive information

promotional /pɹəˈmoʊʃənəl/ /pɹəˈməʊʃənəl/ adj
awansowy promocyjny
of, or relating to a promotion

prompt /pɹɑmpt/ /pɹɒmpt/ adj
prędkie
quick

prompt /pɹɑmpt/ /pɹɒmpt/ n
monit
a computer prompt
podpowiedź
a reminder or cue

prompter n
sufler suflerka
person in a theater

promulgate /ˈpɹɑ.məl.ɡeɪt/ /ˈpɹɒml̩.ɡeɪt/ v
promulgować
to make known public

promulgation n
promulgacja
act of promulgating

pronaos /pɹoʊˈneɪ.ɒs/ /pɹoʊˈneɪ.əs/ n
pronaos
the inner area of the portico of a Greek or Roman temple

prone /pɹoʊn/ /pɹəʊn/ adj
skłonny
predisposed

prong /pɹɑŋ/ /pɹɒŋ/ /pɹɔŋ/ n
ząb badyl grot kolec szpica
thin, pointed, projecting part

pronghorn n
widłoróg amerykański
North American mammal

pronoia /pɹoʊˈnɔɪə/ /pɹəʊˈnɔɪə/ n
pronoja
imperial grant

pronominal /pɹəʊˈnɒmɪnəl/ adj
zaimkowy
of a pronoun

pronotum n
przedplecze
dorsal plate of the prothorax in insects

pronoun /ˈpɹoʊ.naʊn/ /ˈpɹəʊnaʊn/ n
zaimek
type of word

pronounce /pɹəˈnaʊns/ v
oznajmiać oznajmić
to declare officially
wymawiać wymówić
to sound out (a word or phrase); to articulate

pronouncement n
oświadczenie
an official public announcement

pronunciation /prəˌnʌnsɪˈeɪʃn/ /pɹəˌnaʊn.siˈeɪ.ʃən/ /pɹəˌnʌn.siˈeɪ.ʃən/ /pɹəˌnʌn.ʃiˈeɪ.ʃən/ /pɹəˌnʌn.ʃiˈeɪ.ʃʌn/ [pʰɹəˌnʌn.siˈeɪ.ʃən] n
wymowa
way in which words are pronounced
sound of a word

pronunciation dictionary n
słownik wymowy
dictionary that provides pronunciations of words

proof /pɹuf/ /pɹuːf/ /pɹʉːf/ n
dowód
any effort, process, or operation designed to establish or discover a fact or truth
the degree of evidence which convinces the mind of any truth or fact, and produces belief
process for testing the accuracy of an operation performed

proof /pɹuf/ /pɹuːf/ /pɹʉːf/ v
garować
to allow yeast-containing dough to rise

proof by contradiction n
dowód nie wprost sprowadzenie do absurdu
proof of a statement adduced by deriving a contradiction from the statement's negation

proof by exhaustion n
dowód wyczerpania

proof system n
grupa aksjomatów

proofless adj
bezdowodowy

prooflessly adv
bezdowodowo

prooflessness n
bezdowodność

proofread /ˈpɹuːfɹiːd/ /ˈpɹuːfɹɛd/ v
poprawiać
to check for errors in spelling and grammar

proofreader n
korektor
person who proofreads
person whose occupation is to proofread

prop /pɹɑp/ /pɹɒp/ /pɹɔp/ n
oparcie ostoja podpora podpórka podstawka stojak
object placed against or under another, to support it
rekwizyt
item placed on a stage to create a scene

propaedeutic /ˌpɹoʊpiːˈdjuːtɪk/ /ˌpɹɑpəˈduːtik/ n
propedeutyka
course or instruction providing preparatory or introductory teaching

propaganda /ˌpɹɒpəˈɡændə/ [ˌpɹɑp.ə.ˈɡæn.də] [ˌpɹɒp.ə.ˈɡæn.də] n
propaganda
concerted set of messages

propaganda of the deed [ˌpɹɒ.pəˈɡæ̝ˑn.də əʋ ˌðə ˈdiːd] n
propaganda czynem
a provocative act of political violence intended to inspire imitators and foment an anarchist revolt

propagandist /pɹɒpəˈɡandɪst/ n
propagandysta propagandystka propagandzista propagandzistka
person who disseminates propaganda

propagandistic /pɹɒpəɡanˈdɪstɪk/ adj
propagandowy
having the characteristics of propaganda

propagator n
propagator
physics: function

propane /ˈpɹoʊpeɪn/ n
propan
aliphatic hydrocarbon: C₃H₈

propeller n
śmigło śruba
mechanical device used to propel

propensity /pɹəˈpɛnsɪti/ n
skłonność
tendency

proper /ˈpɹɑ.pɚ/ /ˈpɹɒp.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈpɹɔp.ə/ adj
jako taki właściwy
in the very strictest sense of the word
właściwy
following the established standards of behavior or manners
fit, suitable

proper fraction n
ułamek właściwy
arithmetic: a vulgar fraction

proper noun n
nazwa własna
the name of a particular person, place, organization or other individual entity

property /ˈpɹɑ.pɚ.ti/ /ˈpɹɒp.ə.ti/ [ˈpɹɑ.pɚ.ɾi] n
posiadłość posesja
piece of real estate
własność
something owned
własność posiadanie prawo własności
exclusive right of possessing, enjoying and disposing of a thing
właściwość cecha własność
attribute or abstract quality associated with an object, individual or concept
właściwość wyróżnik
an attribute characteristic of a class of objects

property tax n
podatek od nieruchomości
tax based on the value of property

propertyless adj
bezwłasnościowy
without associated attributes
without things owned

prophase n
profaza
the first stage of mitosis
the first stage of meiosis

prophecy /ˈpɹɑfɪ̈si/ /ˈpɹɒfɨsi/ n
proroctwo przepowiednia
prediction

prophesy /ˈpɹɑfɪsaɪ/ /ˈpɹɒfɪsaɪ/ v
przepowiadać przepowiedzieć
to predict

prophet /ˈpɹɑ.fɪt/ /ˈpɹɒf.ɪt/ n
prorok prorokini
one who speaks by divine inspiration
one who foretells the future

prophetess /pɹɒfɪˈtɛs/ n
prorokini
female prophet

prophylactic /pɹɒfəˈlæktɪk/ adj
profilaktyczny

prophylaxis n
profilaktyka
prevention of, or protective treatment for disease

propiska /pɹəˈpɪskə/ n
propiska zameldowanie
system of mandatory registration in ex-USSR

propitiation n
przebłagiwanie
the act of propitiating; placation, atonement, expiation

propitious /pɹoʊˈpɪʃəs/ adj
sprzyjający
favorable; benevolent

propolis /ˈpɹɑ.pə.lɪs/ /ˈpɹɒ.pə.lɪs/ n
kit pszczeli propolis
glue-like substance

proportion /pɹəˈpo(ː)ɹʃən/ /pɹəˈpoəʃən/ /pɹəˈpɔɹʃən/ /pɹəˈpɔːʃən/ n
odsetek proporcja
quantity that is part of the whole
proporcja
(mathematics) a statement of equality between two ratios
harmonious relation of parts to each other or to the whole
the relation of one part to another or to the whole with respect to magnitude, quantity, or degree

proportional representation n
ordynacja proporcjonala
voting principle

proposal /pɹəˈpoʊzəl/ /pɹəˈpəʊzəl/ n
oferta wniosek
law: the offer by a party of what they have in view
oświadczyny
the act of proposing a marriage
propozycja oferta
that which is proposed

propose /pɹəˈpoʊz/ /pɹəˈpəʊz/ v
oświadczać się oświadczyć się
to ask for one's hand in marriage
proponować zaproponować
to suggest a plan or course of action
zamierzać
to intend

proposition /ˌpɹɑpəˈzɪʃən/ n
propozycja
idea or plan offered
uncountable: act of offering for consideration
stwierdzenie
an assertion which is provably true, but not important enough to be a theorem
zdanie
math: assertion which can be considered true or false

propositional logic n
rachunek zdań
formal deductive system

propound /prəˈpaʊnd/ v
postulować
to put forward; to offer for discussion or debate

proprialization n
proprializacja
the process when a common noun becomes a proper name

proprietary /pɹəˈpɹaɪ.ə.tə.ɹi/ /pɹəˈpɹaɪ.ə.tɛ.ɹi/ /pɹəˈpɹaɪ.ə.tɹi/ adj
własnościowy
of or relating to the quality of being an owner
relating to property or ownership

propyl n
propyl
hydrocarbon radicals

pros and cons n
plusy i minusy za i przeciw
for and against

prosaic /pɹoʊˈzeɪ.ɪk/ /pɹəʊˈzeɪ.ɪk/ adj
prozaiczny
pertaining to or having the characteristics of prose

prosaically adv
prozaicznie
in a prosaic manner

prosaicness n
prozaiczność
characteristic

prosaist n
prozaik
prose writer

proscenium /pɹoʊˈsiː.ni.əm/ /pɹəʊˈsiː.ni.əm/ n
awanscena proscenium przedscenie
modern theatre: stage area between the curtain and the orchestra
proscenium
ancient theatre: stage area immediately in front of the scene building

prose /ˈpɹoʊz/ /ˈpɹəʊz/ n
proza
written language not intended as poetry

prosecution /ˌpɹɑ.səˈkju.ʃən/ n
prokuratura
Prosecutor's Office
prokuratura strona oskarżająca
the prosecuting party of the institution of legal proceedings

prosecutor /ˈpɹɑsəˌkjuːtəɹ/ n
prokurator
a person instituting criminal prosecution
prosecuting attorney

proselyte /ˈpɹɑsəˌlaɪt/ /ˈpɹɒsəlaɪt/ n
neofita prozelita
one who has converted to a religion

proselytism n
prozelityzm
proselytizing or being a proselyte

proselytize /ˈpɹɑ.sə.lə.taɪz/ /ˈpɹɑ.sə.lɪ.taɪz/ /ˈpɹɑ.zə.lə.taɪz/ /ˈpɹɑ.zə.lɪ.taɪz/ /ˈpɹɒs.əl.ə.taɪz/ /ˈpɹɒs.əl.ɪ.taɪz/ v
apostołować
convert to one’s own faith
induce people to join a cause

proso millet /ˈpɹoʊsoʊ ˈmɪlit/ n
proso zwyczajne
P. miliaceum

prosody /ˈpɹoʊzədi/ /ˈpɹɑsədi/ /ˈpɹɑzədi/ /ˈpɹɒsədi/ /ˈpɹɒzədi/ /ˈpɹəʊzədi/ n
prozodia
linguistics: study of rhythm and other attributes in speech
poetry: study of poetic meter etc

prosopagnosia /ˌpɹɑsoʊpæɡˈnoʊʒə/ /ˌpɹɒsəpaɡˈnəʊsɪə/ /ˌpɹɒsəpaɡˈnəʊzɪə/ /ˌpɹɒsəpaɡˈnəʊʒə/ n
prozopagnozja
disorder of face perception

prosopography n
prozopografia
a study of the individuals in a group of people within a specific context and their relationships

prosopopoeia n
animizacja ożywienie
Personification of an abstraction.
prozopopeja
Personifying a person or object.

prosopopoeial /pɹɒsə(ʊ)pəˈpiːəl/ adj
animizacyjny

prosopopoeic adj
animizacyjny

prospect /pɹəˈspɛkt/ /ˈpɹɑspɛkt/ /ˈpɹɒspɛkt/ n
perspektywa
potential things that may come to pass, usually favorable

prospect /pɹəˈspɛkt/ /ˈpɹɑspɛkt/ /ˈpɹɒspɛkt/ v
poszukiwać
to search as for gold

prospectively adv
ewentualnie perspektywistycznie potencjalnie prospektywnie przyszłościowo

prospector /pɹəˈspɛktə/ /ˈpɹɑsˌpɛktɚ/ n
poszukiwacz
person

prosperity /pɹɑˈspɛɹ.ɪ.ti/ /pɹɒˈspɛɹ.ɪ.ti/ n
dobrobyt
condition of being prosperous

prostate /ˈpɹɒs.teɪt/ /ˈpɹɔs.teɪt/ n
prostata
prostate gland

prostate cancer n
rak prostaty
cancer of the prostate gland

prostate gland n
gruczoł krokowy
prostate

prosthesis /pɹɒsˈθiːsɪs/ n
proteza
artificial replacement for a body part

prosthetic /ˌpɹɑsˈθɛtɪk/ adj
protetyczny
artificial

prosthetist n
protetyk
a person who makes or fits prosthetic devices

prosthodontics n
protetyka stomatologiczna
restoration or replacement of damaged or missing teeth

prostitute /ˈpɹɑːstətuːt/ /ˈpɹɒstɪtjuːt/ /ˈpɹɒstɪtʃuːt/ n
prostytutka
a female person having sex for profit
prostytutka kurwa męska prostytutka
a person having sex for profit

prostitute /ˈpɹɑːstətuːt/ /ˈpɹɒstɪtjuːt/ /ˈpɹɒstɪtʃuːt/ v
prostytuować się sprostytuować się
derogatory: to use one's talents in return for money or fame
reflexive: to perform sexual activity for money
prostytuować sprostytuować
figuratively: to exploit for base purposes
to make another person, or organisation, prostitute themselves

prostitution /prɒstɪˈtjuːʃn/ /ˌprɒstɪˈt͡ʃuːʃn/ n
prostytucja
having sex for profit

prostrate /ˈpɹɑstɹeɪt/ /ˈpɹɒstɹeɪt/ v
bić pokłony
to lie flat or face-down

prostyle adj
prostylowy

prostyle n
prostyl prostylos
building

prosumer /pɹəʊˈsjuːmə/ n
prosument
person in postindustrial society

prosy /ˈpɹəʊzi/ adj
prozaiczny
without imagination

protactinium /ˌpɹoʊ.tækˈtɪn.i.əm/ /ˌpɹəʊ.tækˈtɪn.i.əm/ n
protaktyn
chemical element

protagonist /pɹoʊˈtæɡ.ə.nɪst/ /pɹəˈtæɡ.ə.nɪst/ n
protagonista bohater główny bohater protagonistka
main character
protagonista protagonistka
leading person in a contest

protasis /ˈpɹɒtəsɪs/ n
poprzednik
clause that expresses a contingent element in a conditional sentence

protean /pɹoʊˈtiː.ən/ /pɹəʊˈtiː.ən/ /ˈpɹoʊ.tɪ.ən/ /ˈpɹəʊ.tɪ.ən/ adj
zmienny
exceedingly variable

protease /ˈpɹəʊtɪeɪz/ n
peptydaza
enzyme

protect /pɹəˈtɛkt/ v
chronić
to keep safe

protection /pɹəˈtɛkʃən/ n
ochrona
process of keeping something safe
means of keeping or remaining safe

protection racket n
haracz
criminal extortion scheme

protectionism /pɹəˈtɛkʃənɪzəm/ n
protekcjonizm
a policy of protecting the domestic producers of a product by imposing tariffs, quotas or other barriers on imports

protectionist adj
protekcjonistyczny
of or pertaining to protectionism, or an advocate thereof

protectionist n
protekcjonista protekcjonistka
someone who believes in protecting domestic producers by impeding or limiting the importation of foreign goods and services via actions taken by government

protective custody n
areszt prewencyjny

protectorate /pɹəˈtɛktəɹɪt/ n
protektorat
a protected autonomous state
government by a protector

protein /ˈpɹoʊ.tiːn/ /ˈpɹoʊ.ɾi.ɪn/ /ˈpɹəʊ.ti.ɪn/ /ˈpɹəʊ.tiːn/ n
białko proteina
biochemistry: complex molecule
class of food

proteinaceous adj
białkowy proteinowy

proteinless adj
bezbiałkowy

proteinlike adj
białkopodobny

proteinuria n
białkomocz
protein in the urine

protest /pɹəˈtɛst/ /ˈpɹoʊ.tɛst/ /ˈpɹəʊ.tɛst/ n
demonstracja protest
collective gesture of disapproval: demonstration
protest
formal objection

protest /pɹəˈtɛst/ /ˈpɹoʊ.tɛst/ /ˈpɹəʊ.tɛst/ v
protestować zaprotestować
to make a strong objection

protester /pɹəˈtɛstəɹ/ /ˈpɹoʊtɛstəɹ/ n
protestująca protestujący
person who protests

prothorax n
przedtułowie przedtułów
the anterior part of the insect thorax

protist /ˈproʊtɪst/ n
protista
eukaryotic unicellular organisms

protium n
prot
lightest isotope of hydrogen

proto- /pɹoʊ.toʊ/ /ˈpɹəʊ.təʊ/ [pɹoʊ.ɾoʊ] prefix
pra-
first
proto-
chemistry

proto-language n
prajęzyk
common ancestor language

protocol /ˈpɹoʊtəˌkoʊl/ /ˈpɹoʊtəˌkɑl/ /ˈpɹoʊtəˌkɔl/ /ˈpɹəʊtəˌkɒl/ n
protokół
computing
rule, guideline etc which guides diplomatic behaviour
diplomatic document

protocollary adj
protokolarny protokólarny
of or pertaining to protocol

protologism /pɹəʊˈtɒləˌdʒɪzm/ n
protologizm
a newly coined word or phrase defined in the hope that it will become common

protolysis /pɹoʊˈtɑlɪsɪs/ /pɹə(ʊ)ˈtɒlɪsɪs/ n
protoliza

proton /ˈpɹoʊ.tɑn/ /ˈpɹəʊ.tɒn/ n
proton
positively charged nucleon

protoplanet n
protoplaneta
astronomical object

protoplasm n
protoplazma
entire contents of a cell

protostome n
pragębowiec
animal in which the mouth is derived from the embryonic blastophore

prototype /-ɾə-/ /ˈpɹoʊtəˌtaɪp/ /ˈpɹəʊtətʌɪp/ n
prototyp
original form or object which is a basis for other forms or objects
early sample or model built to test a concept or process
instance of a category or a concept that combines its most representative attributes

protozoan /ˌpɹoʊ.təˈzoʊ.ən/ /ˌpɹəʊ.təˈzəʊ.ən/ n
pierwotniak
any of a diverse group of eukaryotes

protracted adj
przeciągły
lasting for a long time or longer than expected or usual

protractor /pɹəˈtɹæktə(ɹ)/ n
kątomierz
a circular or semicircular tool for measuring angles

protrude /pɹəˈtɹuːd/ v
sterczeć wystawać
to extend from

protussive adj
wzmacniający kaszel

protégé /ˈpɹoʊ.təˌʒeɪ/ /ˈpɹɒt.ə.ʒeɪ/ n
protegowana protegowany
person who is guided and supported

proud /pɹaʊd/ adj
dumny
gratified, feeling honoured, feeling satisfied
dumny wyniosły zarozumiały
having a too high opinion of oneself; arrogant, supercilious

proud as a peacock /pɹaʊd əz ə ˈpiːkɒk/ adj
dumny jak paw
extremely proud

proudly /ˈpɹaʊdli/ adv
dumnie
in a proud manner

prove /pɹuːv/ v
udowadniać dowodzić
to demonstrate that something is true; to give proof for

prove oneself v
wykazać się
to demonstrate one's own worth

proven /ˈpɹoːvən/ /ˈpɹuvən/ /ˈpɹuːvən/ /ˈpɹəʊvən/ adj
dowiedziony udowodniony
having been proved

provenance /ˈpɹoʊ.və.nɑns/ /ˈpɹɑ.və.nəns/ /ˈpɹɒ.və.nəns/ /ˈpɹɒ.və.ˌnɒns/ n
pochodzenie proweniencja
place or source of origin

proverb /ˈpɹɑvɝb/ /ˈpɹɒvɜːb/ n
przysłowie
phrase expressing a basic truth

provide /pɹəˈvaɪd/ v
aprowidować dostarczać dostarczyć zaaprowidować zaprowidować
to give what is needed or desired

provided /pɹəˈvaɪdɪd/ conjunction
pod warunkiem, że
only if

providence /ˈpɹɒvɪdəns/ n
opatrzność
careful guardianship exercised by a deity

provident /ˈpɹɒvɪdənt/ adj
przezorny
demonstrating consideration for the future

provider /pɹəˈvaɪ.də(ɹ)/ /pɹəˈvaɪ.dɚ/ /pɹəˈvɑɪ.də(ɹ)/ n
dostawca dostarczyciel dostarczycielka dostawczyni
provider

province /ˈpɹɑv.ɪns/ /ˈpɹɒv.ɪns/ n
prowincja
area under the jurisdiction of a provincial
area under the jurisdiction of an archbishop
prowincja województwo
a subdivision of government usually one step below the national level

provincialism n
prowincjonalizm
linguistics: word or locution characteristic of a region or district
quality of being provincial

proving ground n
poligon
weapon/tactics-testing place

provision /pɹəˈvɪʒ.ən/ n
aprowizacja
act of providing
prowiant zaopatrzenie aprowizacja
item of goods or supplies obtained for future use
rezerwa
accounting: liability or contra account
zabezpieczenie
money set aside

provision /pɹəˈvɪʒ.ən/ v
aprowidować zaaprowidować zaopatrywać zaprowidować
to supply with provisions

provisional /pɹəˈvɪʒənəl/ adj
tymczasowy
temporary

provisioner n
aprowizator

provisioning n
aprowizacja
act of supplying with provisions

provocateur n
prowokator awanturnica awanturnik
one who engages in provocative behavior

provocation /ˌpɹɑvəˈkeɪʃən/ /ˌpɹɒvəˈkeɪʃən/ n
prowokacja
act of provoking

provocative /pɹəˈvɑk.ə.tɪv/ /pɹəˈvɒk.ə.tɪv/ adj
prowokacyjny
tending to provoke strong negative feeling
wyzywający
tending to arouse sexual interest

provocatively adv
wyzywająco
in a provocative manner

provoke /pɹəˈvoʊk/ /pɹəˈvəʊk/ v
prowokować drażnić podjudzać sprowokować
to cause to become angry

provost /pɹəʊˈvəʊ/ /ˈpɹoʊvoʊst/ /ˈpɹɑvəst/ /ˈpɹɒvɒst/ /ˈpɹɒvəst/ n
prepozyt
highest position in a monastery below an abbot
prowost
equivalent of mayor in some Scottish cities

prow /pɹaʊ/ /pɹoʊ/ n
dziób
fore part of a vessel; bow

prowl /pɹaʊl/ /pɹoʊl/ v
grasować
to rove about in a stealthy manner as in search for prey or booty

proximity /pɹɑkˈsɪm.ɪ.ti/ [pɹɑkˈsɪm.ɪ.ɾi] n
bliskość
closeness; the state of being near as in space, time, or relationship

proxy /ˈpɹɑk.si/ /ˈpɹɒk.si/ n
pełnomocnictwo
authority to act for another, especially when written
pośrednik
(software) an interface for a service

proxy server n
serwer pośredniczący serwer-pośrednik
hardware server

proxy war n
wojna zastępcza
war where two powers use third parties

prude /pɹuːd/ n
świętoszek świętoszka
A person who is or tries to be excessively proper

prudence /ˈpɹuːdəns/ n
roztropność przezorność
the quality or state of being prudent

prudent /ˈpɹuːdənt/ adj
przezorny
sagacious in adapting means to ends
roztropny
practically wise, judicious, shrewd

prudery /ˈpɹuːdəɹi/ n
pruderia pruderyjność
condition of being prudish; prudishness
prudish behaviour

prudish adj
pruderyjny
exaggeratedly proper

prudishness n
pruderia pruderyjność
condition of being prudish; prudery

prune /pɹun/ /pɹuːn/ /pɹʉːn/ v
suszona śliwka
dried plum

pruning shears n
sekator
a tool

prurigo /pɹʊəˈɹaɪɡəʊ/ n
świerzbiączka
papular disease of the skin

prussic acid n
kwas pruski
hydrocyanic acid

pry /pɹaɪ/ v
podpatrywać podpatrzyć
to peer closely and curiously, especially at something closed or not public
wścibiać się wścibić się wściubiać się wściubić się
to inquire into something that does not concern one; to be nosy

psalm /sæm/ /sɑlm/ /sɑm/ /sɑːm/ /sɔlm/ /sɔm/ n
psalm
sacred song
a hymn collected into one book of the Old Testament

psalmist n
psalmista
composer of one of the Biblical Psalms
composer of psalms

psalmodic adj
psalmodyczny
relating to psalmody

psalmody /ˈsæ.mə.di/ /ˈsæl.mə.di/ /ˈsɑ.mə.di/ /ˈsɑl.mə.di/ /ˈsɑː.mə.di/ n
psalmodia
singing of psalms

psalter /ˈsɔːltə(ɹ)/ n
psałterz

pseudo- /ˈs(j)uːdəʊ/ /ˈsuːdoʊ/ prefix
pseudo- niby-
not genuine

pseudocode n
pseudokod
description of a computer programming algorithm

pseudoephedrine /sjuː.dəʊˈɛf.ə.dɹiːn/ /su.doʊ.ɪˈfɛ.dɹɪn/ n
pseudoefedryna
sympathomimetic alkaloid

pseudomathematics n
[[pseudo-]]matematyka

pseudonym /ˈs(j)uː.də(ʊ).nɪm/ /ˈsu.doʊ.nɪm/ /ˈsu.də.nɪm/ n
pseudonim
fictitious name (more literally, a false name)

pseudopod /ˈsuː.də(ʊ)ˌpɒd/ /ˈsuː.dəˌpɑd/ n
nibynóżka
temporary projection

pseudorandom adj
pseudolosowy
appearing to be random

pseudoscience n
pseudonauka
purported science

pseudoscientific adj
pseudonaukowy
of, relating to, or employing pseudoscience

pseudoscorpion n
zaleszczotek
arachnid

pseudovirtuous /ˈsjuːdəʊˌvɜː(ɹ)tju.əs/ /ˈsuːdəʊˌvɜː(ɹ)t͡ʃu.əs/ adj
[[niby-]]cnotliwy [[pseudo-]]cnotliwy niecnotliwy
Seemingly but not really virtuous

pseudoword n
logatom
unit

pshaw /ˈpʃɔː/ /ˈʃɔː/ interjection
co takiego też coś
indicating disapproval, scoffery, irritation, impatience or disbelief

psi /psaɪ/ /saɪ/ n
psi
Greek letter

psilocybin /ˌsaɪ-/ /ˌsɪ.ləˈsaɪ.bɪn/ /ˌsʌɪ.lə(ʊ)ˈsʌɪ.bɪn/ n
psylocybina
hallucinogenic alkaloid

psoriasis /səˈɹaɪ.əsɪs/ n
łuszczyca
skin disease

psyche /ˈsaɪ.ki/ n
psychika psyche
the human soul, mind, or spirit

psychedelic /ˈsaɪ.kəˌdɛl.ɪk/ /ˈsaɪ.kɪˌdɛl.ɪk/ adj
psychodeliczny
of, containing or generating hallucinations, etc.

psychiatric /ˌsaɪ.ki.ˈæt.ɹɪk/ adj
psychiatryczny
of, or relating to, psychiatry

psychiatrist /ˌsaɪˈkaɪ.ə.tɹɪst/ n
psychiatra
doctor specializing in psychiatry

psychiatry /saɪˈkaɪ.əˌtɹi/ n
psychiatria
branch of medicine dealing with mental disorders

psychic /ˈsaɪkɪk/ adj
metapsychiczny psychiczny
relating to the abilities of a psychic

psychic /ˈsaɪkɪk/ n
medium
a person who contacts the dead

psychical /ˈsʌɪkɪk(ə)l/ adj
psychiczny
outside the realm of the physical
pertaining to the animal nature of man
pertaining to the mind; mental

psychically /ˈsaɪ.kɪk.li/ adv
psychicznie
in a psychical or psychic manner

psychoactive adj
psychoaktywny
pharmacology: affecting the mind or mental processes

psychoanalysis n
psychoanaliza
family of psychological theories

psychoanalyst n
psychoanalityk psychoanalityczka
practitioner

psychoanalyze v
psychoanalizować
practice psychoanalysis

psychokinesis /ˌsaɪkoʊkɪˈnisɪs/ /ˌsaɪkəʊkɪˈniːsɪs/ n
psychokineza
movement inanimate objects by the use of psychic power

psychological /ˌsaɪkəˈlɑːd͡ʒɪkl̩/ /ˌsaɪkəˈlɒd͡ʒɪkl̩/ adj
psychologiczny
of or pertaining to psychology

psychological warfare n
wojna psychologiczna
mentally manipulative approach to warfare

psychologically adv
psychologicznie
in a psychological manner

psychologist /ˌsaɪˈkɑl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/ n
psycholog psycholożka
expert in the field of psychology

psychology /saɪˈkɑləd͡ʒi/ /saɪˈkɒləd͡ʒɪ/ n
psychologia
study of the human mind
the study of human or animal behavior
the mental characteristics of a particular individual

psychometry n
psychometria
paranormal ability

psychomotor adj
psychomotoryczny psychoruchowy
of or pertaining to the function of muscles under the control of the mind

psychonaut n
psychonauta psychonautka

psychopath /ˈsaɪkoʊˌpæθ/ /ˈsaɪkəˌpæθ/ n
psychopata psychopatka
person with a personality disorder characterized by a lack of empathy

psychopathic /ˈsaɪkoʊˌpæθɪk/ /ˈsaɪkəˈpæθɪk/ adj
psychopatyczny
relating to a psychopath

psychopathology /ˌsaɪkɒpəˈθɒlədʒɪ/ n
psychopatologia
study of mental illness

psychopathy /saɪˈkɑpəθi/ /saɪˈkɒpəθi/ n
psychopatia
personality disorder indicated by a pattern of lying, exploitation, heedlessness, arrogance, sexual promiscuity, low self-control, and lack of empathy and remorse

psychophysical adj
psychofizyczny
of or pertaining to psychophysics
psychosomatyczny
psychosomatic

psychophysically adv
psychofizycznie
in a psychophysical way

psychophysics n
psychofizyka
a branch of psychology

psychopomp /ˈsaɪkoʊpɑmp/ /ˈsaɪkəʊpɒmp/ n
psychopomp
entity who assists souls

psychosis /saɪˈkoʊsɪs/ /saɪˈkəʊsɪs/ n
psychoza
mental disorder

psychosomatic /ˌsaɪkoʊsəˈmædɪk/ /ˌsaɪkəʊsəˈmætɪk/ adj
psychosomatyczny
of physical effects with mental causes

psychosomatics n
psychosomatyka
psychosomatic medicine

psychotherapeutic adj
psychoterapeutyczny
of or pertaining to psychotherapy

psychotherapeutically adv
psychoterapeutycznie
by means of, or with regard to psychotherapy

psychotherapist n
psychoterapeuta psychoterapeutka
who practices psychotherapy

psychotherapy /ˌsaɪkoʊˈθɛɹəpi/ n
psychoterapia
treatment of those with mental illness

psychotropic /ˌsaɪkəˈtɹɒpɪk/ adj
psychotropowy
affecting the mind or mental processes

psychotropic /ˌsaɪkəˈtɹɒpɪk/ n
psychotrop
psychotropic drug or agent

ptarmigan /ˈtɑːmɪɡən/ n
pardwa
a small grouse, Lagopus

pterodactyl /ˌtɛɹəˈdæktl̩/ /ˌtɛɹəˈdæktɪl/ n
pterodaktyl
informal term for any pterosaur

pterosaur /ˈtɛɹəˌsɔɹ/ n
pterozaur jaszczur latający
extinct flying reptile

ptomaine /ˈtoʊmeɪn/ /ˈtəʊmeɪn/ n
jad trupi ptomaina
any of various amines formed by putrefactive bacteria

ptooey interjection
tfu!
sound of spitting

ptychography n
ptychografia

pub /pʊb/ /pʌb/ n
pub knajpa gospoda piwiarnia
public house

puberty /ˈpjuː.bə.ti/ n
pokwitanie dojrzewanie płciowe okres dojrzewania
age at which a person is first capable of sexual reproduction

pubic hair n
owłosienie łonowe
collectively

pubic symphysis n
spojenie łonowe
joint

public /ˈpʌblɪk/ adj
publiczny
pertaining to people as a whole
provided (by the government) for the community
able to be seen by or known to everybody
open to all members of a community

public /ˈpʌblɪk/ n
publika społeczeństwo
people in general

public defender n
obrońca z urzędu
attorney

public domain /ˌpʌblɪk doʊˈmeɪn/ /ˌpʌblɪk də(ʊ)ˈmeɪn/ n
domena publiczna własność publiczna
realm of intellectual property which is not or no longer protected by copyrights or patents

public enemy n
wróg publiczny
public enemy

public holiday n
święto
national or regional holiday from work on a specific day

public law n
prawo publiczne
law

public library n
biblioteka publiczna
library provided as a public service

public limited company n
spółka akcyjna
publicly traded limited liability company

public office /ˈpʌblɪk ˈɒfɪs/ /ˈpʌblɪk ˈɔfɪs/ n
urząd
government position

public opinion n
opinia publiczna ulica
opinion of the public

public relations n
PR public relations
profession

public service n
usługa publiczna
service provided to the general public by government or other official body

public service announcement n
ogłoszenie społeczne
advertisement intended to serve the public interest

public transport n
transport publiczny
form of transport

public-private partnership n
partnerstwo publiczno-prywatne
arrangement

publican /ˈpʌblək(ə)n/ /ˈpʌblɪk(ə)n/ n
austernik karczmarka karczmarz oberżysta oberżystka
landlord of a public house
publikanin
tax collector, especially one working in Judea and Galilee during New Testament times

publication /ˌpʌblɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n/ n
publikacja
act of publishing
publikacja wydawnictwo
an issue of printed or other matter

publicist n
publicysta publicystka
a journalist who focusses on politics

publicity stunt n
chwyt reklamowy
staged event for publicity

publicly /ˈpʌblɪkli/ adv
publicznie
in an open and public manner

publish /ˈpʌblɪʃ/ v
publikować opublikować
to issue a medium (e.g. publication)
wydawać wydać
to issue something (usually printed work) for sale and distribution

publisher /ˈpʌblɪʃɚ/ n
wydawca wydawnictwo wydawczyni
one who publishes, especially books

publishing house n
wydawnictwo
company that produces books

pucker /ˈpʌkə(ɹ)/ n
zmarszczka
A fold or wrinkle

pudding /ˈpʊd.ɪŋ/ n
budyń
dessert similar to custard or mousse, containing a starchy thickening agent
kaszanka
sausage made primarily from blood
pudding
boiled or steamed cake or dessert

puddle /ˈpʌdəl/ n
kałuża
a small pool of water

puddle /ˈpʌdəl/ v
mętlik
collection of ideas

puddle jumper n
awionetka
small passenger airplane

puerperium /ˌpju.əˈpɪə.ɹi.əm/ /ˌpju.ɚˈpɪɹ.i.əm/ n
połóg
period of time following childbirth

puff pastry n
ciasto francuskie ciasto listkowe
light, flaky pastry

puff piece n
laurka
journalistic puffery

puffball n
kurzawka purchawka
fungi

pufferfish n
najeżka
a delicacy popular in Japan

puffin /ˈpʌfɪn/ n
maskonur
Fratercula arctica

pug /pʌɡ/ n
mops
small dog

pugilist /ˈpju(ː).d͡ʒəlɪst/ /ˈpjuː.d͡ʒəlɪst/ n
bokserka pięściarka bokser pięściarz
one who fights with their fists; a boxer

pugnacious /pʌɡˈneɪ.ʃəs/ adj
awanturniczy wojowniczy
aggressive, belligerent

puissant /ˈpjuəsənt/ /ˈpjuːɪs(ə)nt/ /ˈpwɪs(ə)nt/ /ˈpwɪsənt/ adj
potężny
powerful, mighty

puke /pjuːk/ n
rzygi rzygowina
vomit

puke /pjuːk/ v
rzygać
to vomit

pulchritudinous /ˌpʌlkɹɪˈtjuːdɪnəs/ adj
urodziwy
having great physical beauty

pull /puːl/ /pʊl/ v
ciągnąć pociągnąć
transitive: apply force to (something) so it comes towards one

pull a fast one v
brać na bajer wystrychnąć na dudka wziąć na bajer
to deceive or trick

pull a sickie v
udawać chorego
to feign illness so to take time off work

pull an all-nighter v
zarwać noc
work throughout the night

pull off v
osiągać osiągnąć udać zwojować
To achieve; to succeed at something difficult
zjechać
To turn off a road
ściągać ściągnąć
To remove by pulling

pull oneself together v
brać się w garść wziąć się w garść
to become mentally focused after a period of being unfocused

pull out all the stops v
dawać z siebie wszystko dać z siebie wszystko nie powstrzymać się nie powstrzymywać się
reserve nothing

pull out of one's ass v
wyciągać z dupy wyciągnąć z dupy
fabricate a claim with no factual basis or evidence

pull punches v
złagodzić uderzenie łagodzić uderzenie
to avoid using all one's strength when punching

pull someone's chestnuts out of the fire v
wyciągać kasztany z ognia
do someone's difficult work

pull someone's leg v
nabrać kogoś wkręcać wkręcić
to tease someone

pull strings v
pociągać za sznurki
to control behind the scenes

pull the wool over someone's eyes v
mydlić oczy
to deceive someone

pull up v
podciągać podciągnąć
lift vertically

pull-up /ˈpʊl.ʌp/ n
podciąganie się na drążku
an exercise done for strengthening the arms and back

pullover /ˈpʊləʊvə(ɹ)/ n
przenoszenie sztangielki zza głowy
bar exercise
weightlifting over the head
sweter pulower
sweater

pullulate /ˈpʌl.jʊ.leɪt/ v
kiełkować zakiełkować
to germinate
mnożyć się plenić się
to multiply rapidly

pulmonary adj
płucny
related to lungs

pulmonary alveolus n
pęcherzyki płucne
small air sac in the lungs

pulmonary artery n
tętnica płucna
artery that connects the right ventricle of the heart to the lungs

pulmonary embolism n
zatorowość płucna
embolism or obstruction of a pulmonary artery

pulmonary emphysema n
rozedma
chronic lung disease

pulmonologist /ˌpʊlməˈnɒləd͡ʒɪst/ n
pulmonolog
a physician who specializes in pulmonology

pulmonology /ˌpʊlməˈnɒləd͡ʒi/ n
pulmonologia
the branch of medicine dealing with diseases of the lungs and respiratory tract

pulp /pʊlp/ /pʌlp/ n
miazga
center of a tooth
soft, moist mass
miąższ
center of a fruit

pulpit /ˈpʊlpɪt/ /ˈpʌlpɪt/ n
ambona kazalnica
raised platform in church

pulpwood n
papierówka
wood used for pulping

pulsar n
pulsar
rotating neutron star

pulsate /pʌlˈseɪt/ /ˈpʌl.seɪt/ v
tętnić pulsować
to expand and contract rhythmically; to throb or to beat

pulse /pʊls/ /pʌls/ [pəls] n
puls tętno
normally regular beat felt when arteries near the skin are depressed, caused by the heart pumping blood through them
focus of energy or vigour of an activity, place, or thing; feeling of bustle, busyness, or energy in a place

pulse /pʊls/ /pʌls/ [pəls] v
pulsować tętnić
to emit or impel (something) in pulses or waves

pulse oximeter n
pulsoksymetr
device used to monitor oxygen

pulse oximetry n
pulsoksymetria
method of monitoring of the oxygenation of hemoglobin

pumice /ˈpʌm.ɪs/ n
pumeks
pumice

pump /pʌmp/ n
pompa
device for moving liquid or gas
device for dispensing liquid or gas to be sold, especially fuel

pumping station n
przepompownia
building housing pumps

pumpkin /ˈpʌm(p).kɪn/ n
dynia
fruit of this plant
plant
dyniowy dynia
color

pumpkin pie n
tarta dyniowa
pie made from the flesh of pumpkins

pumpkin seed n
pestka dyni
seed

pumpkinification n
apokolokyntoza
the act of turning into a pumpkin

pun /pʌn/ n
gra słów kalambur
joke or type of wordplay

punch /pʌnt͡ʃ/ /pʌnʃ/ n
cios
a hit or a strike with one's fist
kop
power, strength, energy
dziurka otwór
hole or opening created with a punch
dziurkacz
device for creating holes in thin material
poncz
beverage

punch /pʌnt͡ʃ/ /pʌnʃ/ v
skasować
to mark a ticket

punch above one's weight /pʌntʃ əˈbʌv wʌnz weɪt/ v
wystąpić lepiej, niż się oczekiwało występować lepiej, niż się oczekiwało
achieve or perform at a higher level than would be expected based on one's preparation, attributes, rank, or past accomplishments

punch line /ˈpʌntʃˌlaɪn/ n
pointa puenta
final part of a joke
final, concluding statement

punched pocket n
koszulka

punching bag /ˈpʌnt͡ʃɪŋ ˌbæɡ/ [ˈpən(t)ʃɪŋ-] n
worek do bica
tough bag punched or kicked when practising sports such as boxing or martial arts
worek do bicia
person serving as an object of abuse

punctilious /pʌŋkˈtɪli.əs/ adj
drobiazgowy formalistyczny pedantyczny skrupulatny
precise
strictly attentive to detail

punctual /ˈpʌŋktjʊəl/ /ˈpʌŋkt͡ʃuəl/ /ˈpʌŋtjʊəl/ /ˈpʌŋt͡ʃuəl/ adj
punktualny
prompt

punctuality n
punktualność
state of being punctual

punctually adv
punktualnie
in a punctual manner

punctuation /pʌŋk.t͡ʃuˈeɪ.ʃən/ n
interpunkcja przestankowanie
set of symbols

punctuation mark n
znak interpunkcyjny
symbol used in writing

punish /ˈpʌnɪʃ/ v
karać ukarać
to cause to suffer for crime or misconduct

punishability n
karalność
characteristic of being punishable

punishable adj
karalny
appropriate for punishment

punishment /ˈpʌnɪʃmənt/ n
kara karanie
act of punishing
kara kaźń
penalty for wrongdoing
wycisk
harsh treatment or experience

punitive /ˈpju.nɪ.tɪv/ adj
karny
punishing

punk /pəŋk/ /pʌŋk/ n
śmieć
worthless person

punnet /ˈpʌnət/ /ˈpʌnɪt/ n
łubianka
small receptacle

punter /ˈpʌn.tə(ɹ)/ /ˈpʌn.tɚ/ [pʰʌ̃ːɾ̃ɚ] n
gracz graczka
One who gambles; a speculator

puny /ˈpjuni/ /ˈpjuːni/ adj
wątły
of inferior size

pup /pʌp/ v
szczenić
to give birth to pups

pupa /ˈpjuːpə/ n
poczwarka
insect

pupation n
przepoczwarczenie

pupil /ˈpjuːpəl/ n
uczeń uczennica
learner
wychowanek
orphan who is a minor and under the protection of the state
źrenica
the hole in the middle of the iris of the eye

puppet /ˈpʌpɪt/ n
marionetka
person or country controlled by another
marionetka pacynka
movable model of a person or animal

puppet state n
państwo marionetkowe
state governed by a puppet government

puppeteer n
lalkarz animator animatorka lalkarka
person who uses a puppet

puppetry /ˈpʌp.ɪ.tɹi/ n
lalkarstwo
art of making and performing with puppets

puppy /ˈpʌpi/ [ˈpʰɐpi] n
szczeniak szczenię
young dog

puppy mill n
pseudohodowla
farm that breeds dogs

puppyish adj
szczenięcy
With the qualities of a puppy

purchase /ˈpɜː(ɹ).t͡ʃəs/ /ˈpɝ.t͡ʃəs/ n
kupno zakup
the act or process of seeking and obtaining something for money
zakup
the acquisition of title to, or property in, anything for a price

purchase /ˈpɜː(ɹ).t͡ʃəs/ /ˈpɝ.t͡ʃəs/ v
nabyć
to pursue and obtain; to acquire by seeking; to gain, obtain or acquire

purchase order n
zamówienie
commercial document

purchase price n
cena zakupu
price at which something is purchased

purchaser n
nabywca nabywczyni
one who purchases

purchasing n
zamówienie
an act or process of making a purchase

purchasing power n
siła nabywcza
amount of goods and services that can be purchased with a unit of currency

purchasing power parity n
parytet siły nabywczej
long-term equilibrium

pure /ˈpjoɹ/ /ˈpjoː/ /ˈpjɔː/ /ˈpjɚ/ /ˈpjɜː/ /ˈpjɝ/ /ˈpjʉːə/ /ˈpjʊə/ /ˈpjʊɹ/ adj
czysty
free of flaws or imperfections
free of foreign material or pollutants
of sound: without harmonics or overtones

pure as the driven snow adj
czysty jak łza
free of flaws or imperfections

purebred n
czystej krwi pełnokrwisty
animal which has genuine parents of the same breed

puree /pjʊəˈɹeɪ/ /ˈpjʊəɹeɪ/ n
purée
food that has been ground into a thick liquid

purgatory /ˈpɜːɡət(ə)ɹi/ /ˈpɝɡəˌtɔɹi/ n
katusze męka
situation causing suffering

purge /pɜːd͡ʒ/ /pɝd͡ʒ/ n
czystka
forcible removal of undesirable people from political activity, etc.

purification /ˌpjʊəɹɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/ n
oczyszczenie
act of purifying

purificator n
puryfikaterz
napkin

purifier n
oczyszczacz
person or device that purifies

purine /ˈpjʊəɹiːn/ n
puryna
organic heterocyclic base

purism n
puryzm
insistence on the traditionally correct way

purist adj
purystyczny
pertaining to purism

purist n
purysta
advocate of purism

purity /ˈpjɔːɹɪti/ /ˈpjɝɪti/ /ˈpjʊəɹɪti/ /ˈpjʊɹɪti/ n
czystość
the state of being pure

purlin [ˈpɜːɹlɪn] n
płatew
longitudinal structural member of a roof

purple /ˈpɜː(ɹ).pəl/ /ˈpɝ.pəl/ adj
purpurowy fioletowy
colour

purple /ˈpɜː(ɹ).pəl/ /ˈpɝ.pəl/ n
fiolet
colour

purple coral n
goździeniec purpurowy
mushroom

purple heron /ˈpɜː(ɹ)pəl ˈhɛɹən/ /ˈpɝpəl ˈhɛɹən/ n
czapla purpurowa
Ardea purpurea

purple sandpiper n
biegus morski
Calidris maritima

purplish adj
fioletowawy
somewhat purple in colour/color

purpose /ˈpɜ.poʊs/ /ˈpɜ.pəs/ /ˈpɜːpəs/ /ˈpɝpəs/ n
cel
end for which something is done, is made or exists
intencja
intention
powód
reason for doing something
temat zagadnienie
subject of discourse
zamiar
determination

purposeless adj
bezcelowy
without purpose

purposelessly adv
bezcelowo
in a purposeless manner

purposelessness n
bezcelowość
state of being purposeless

purposely /ˈpɜːpəsli/ /ˈpɝpəsli/ adv
celowo
on purpose; intentionally

purpura /ˈpɜːpjʊɹə/ n
plamica purpura
pathological condition

purpure /pəˈpjʊə/ /pɚˈpjʊɹ/ adj
purpurowy
in blazon, of the colour purple

purr /pɜː(ɹ)/ interjection
mru

purr /pɜː(ɹ)/ n
mruczenie
vibrating sound made by a cat when contented

purr /pɜː(ɹ)/ v
mruczeć mruknąć
cat to make a vibrating sound in its throat
of an engine: to make a low rumbling sound

purse /pɜːs/ /pɝs/ n
portfel portmonetka
small bag for carrying money
torebka
small bag for carrying personal items

purser n
ochmistrz
person responsible for handling the accounts on a ship

pursuant /pəˈsjuː.ənt/ /pɚˈsu.ənt/ adj
stosownie do zgodnie z
in conformance to, or in agreement with

pursuant /pəˈsjuː.ənt/ /pɚˈsu.ənt/ adv
stosownie do zgodnie z
accordingly, consequently

pursue /pəˈsjuː/ /pəˈʃu/ /pəˈʃuː/ /pɚˈsu/ v
ścigać
to follow urgently

pursuit /pəˈsjuːt/ /pəˈsʉːt/ /pəˈʃuːt/ /pəˈʃʉːt/ /pɜːˈsjuːt/ /pɜːˈʃuːt/ /pɝˈsuːt/ n
pościg
act of pursuing

purulent /ˈpjʊəɹ(j)ʊlənt/ /ˈpjʊəɹələnt/ adj
ropny
consisting of pus

pus /pʌs/ n
ropa
fluid found in regions of infection

push /pʊʃ/ [puʃ] [pʷʊʃ] v
pchać pchnąć popchnąć
to apply a force to something so that it moves away
pchać popychać
to continually attempt to persuade into a particular action

push one's luck v
igrać z losem

push the envelope /-ˈɑn-/ /-ˈɒnv(ə)ləʊp/ /ˌpʊʃ ði ˈɛnvəˌloʊp/ /ˌpʊʃ ðiː ˈɛnvələʊp/ v
jechać po bandzie
to go beyond established limits

push up daisies v
wąchać kwiatki od spodu
idiomatic: to be dead

push-up /ˈpʊʃˌʌp/ n
pompka pompek
exercise performed by resting on one's toes and hands and pushing one's weight off the floor

pushdown automaton n
automat ze stosem
automaton

pushing up daisies adj
wąchać kwiatki od spodu
dead

pushover /ˈpʊʃəʊvə(ɹ)/ n
popychadło
Someone who lets himself be picked or bullied on without defending or stand up for him/herself

pushy /ˈpʊʃ.i/ adj
nachalny napastliwy
overly assertive, bold, or determined

pusillanimous /pjuːsəlˈænəməs/ /pjuːsɪlˈænɪməs/ adj
małoduszny bojaźliwy lękliwy tchórzliwy
showing cowardice

pussy /ˈpʌsi/ adj
ropny
containing pus

pussy /ˈpʊsi/ n
cipa
informal: coward
cipa pizda cipsko
slang: female genitalia
kicia kiciuś
informal: affectionate term for a cat

pussy eating n
lizanie cipy lizanie pizdy mineta
cunnilingus

pussy juice n
płyn cipki

pussy magnet n
coś przyciągającego kobiety
something that attracts women

pussy-cat n
kicia kiciuś koteczek kotek
affectionate term for a cat

pussywhipped /ˈpʊsiˌ(h)wɪpt/ adj
pod pantoflem
submissive to or dominated by one's wife or other female partner

put /pʊt/ [pʰʊʔt] n
opcja sprzedaży
finance: contract to sell a security at a set price

put /pʊt/ [pʰʊʔt] v
kłaść jebnąć pierdolnąć postawić stawiać umieścić
to place something somewhere

put all one's eggs in one basket v
postawić wszystko na jedną kartę stawiać wszystko na jedną kartę
to rely on a single source

put an end to v
kłaść kres położyć kres
terminate

put aside v
abstrahować
ignore or intentionally disregard

put down roots v
zapuszczać korzenie zapuścić korzenie
to become settled

put food on the table v
zapewniać byt zapewnić byt
provide enough money to cover basic necessities

put horns on v
przyprawiać rogi przyprawić rogi
To cuckold

put in v
wkładać włożyć
to place inside

put in a good word v
szepnąć słówko
to speak favourably of someone to someone else

put into practice v
wprowadzać w życie wprowadzić w życie
make something a practical reality

put lipstick on a pig v
czynić coś brzydkiego pozornie pięknym uczynić coś brzydkiego pozornie pięknym
to superficially alter something

put off v
odłożyć przełożyć
to delay

put on v
wkładać włożyć
to don clothing

put on a pedestal v
wynieść na piedestał wynosić na piedestał
to hold in very high esteem, especially to an exaggerated degree

put on airs v
puszyć się jak paw
become haughty, assume a haughty manner

put on weight v
przytyć tyć utyć
to become heavier

put one's cards on the table v
wykładać karty na stół wyłożyć karty na stół
to reveal one's true intentions

put one's finger on v
identyfikować precyzować sprecyzować wskazać palcem wskazywać palcem
identify

put one's foot in one's mouth v
strzelać gafę strzelić gafę
say or do something embarrassing or wrong

put one's hands together v
bić brawo
to clap, to applaud

put one's heart in v
wkładać serce włożyć serce

put one's house in order v
doprowadzać sprawy do ładu doprowadzić sprawy do ładu
to organize one's financial and other affairs, especially in preparation for a life-changing event
robić porządki zrobić porządki
to clean and arrange in an orderly manner the furnishings and other contents of one's house

put oneself in someone's shoes v
postawić się na czyimś miejscu znaleźć się w czyjejś skórze
look at a situation as if one were the other person

put option n
opcja sprzedaży
type of option

put out v
dawać dać
to consent to sex
wygaszać
to extinguish (fire)

put out to pasture v
pójść w odstawkę
to make someone retire

put someone out of their misery v
skrócić męki
informal: to euthanize

put the cart before the horse v
postawić na głowie stawiać na głowie coś
to put things in the wrong order

put the cat among the pigeons v
wsadzać kij w mrowisko wsadzić kij w mrowisko

put to bed v
kłaść do łózka położyć do łózka
help someone go to bed

put to sleep v
usypiać uśpić
to cause someone to sleep
to give an anesthetic
to kill an animal

put to the sword v
zabijać mieczem zabić mieczem
to execute with a sword

put together adj
łącznie
in total

put together v
składać złożyć
to assemble or build

put two and two together v
dodać dwa do dwóch
figure out

put up v
podnieść podnosić
to place in a high location

put up a fight v
stawiać opór stawić opór
to offer some form of resistance to an attack

put words in someone's mouth v
wkładać w usta włożyć w usta
say or imply that someone has said a thing

putative /ˈpju.tə.tɪv/ /ˈpjʉ.tə.tɪv/ [ˈpju.ɾə.ɾɪv] [ˈpjʉ.ɾə.ɾɪv] adj
domniemany przypuszczalny
commonly believed or deemed to be the case

putrescible /pjuːˈtɹɛsɪb(ə)l/ adj
rozkładający się rozkładalny rozkładczy
Decomposable; capable of becoming putrescent; rottable

putsch /pʊt͡ʃ/ n
pucz
a coup; an illegal effort to forcibly overthrow the current government

putter /-ɾɚ/ /ˈpʌtə(ɹ)/ /ˈpʌtɚ/ v
krzątać się
to be active

putter around v
krzątać się
to engage in meaningless activity

putty /ˈpʌti/ n
kit
a form of cement

puukko n
finka
type of sharp, pointed knife of Nordic heritage

puzzle /ˈpʌzəl/ n
zagadka
anything difficult to understand or make sense of
zagadka rebus
riddle
łamigłówka
game for one person

pygmy /pɪɡmiː/ n
Pigmej
a member of various African peoples

pygmy chimpanzee n
szympans karłowaty bonobo szympans bonobo
alternative name for bonobo

pygmy hippopotamus n
hipopotam karłowaty
Hexaprotodon liberiensis

pygmy owl n
sóweczka

pylon /ˈpaɪ.lɒn/ n
słup wysokiego napięcia
a tower like structure used to support high voltage electricity cables

pylorus n
odźwiernik
opening between the stomach and duodenum

pyogenic /ˌpaɪ.əˈdʒɛnɪk/ adj
ropotwórczy
tending to make pus

pyorrhea n
ropotok
discharge of pus

pyramid /ˈpɪɹəmɪd/ n
piramida ostrosłup
ancient construction
in geometry, a solid with triangular lateral faces and a polygonal base
construction

pyramid scheme n
piramida finansowa
illicit money-making scheme

pyramidal /pɪˈɹæm.ɪ.dl̩/ adj
piramidalny
pyramid-shaped

pyre /ˈpaɪɚ/ n
stos pogrzebowy
funeral pile

pyridine n
pirydyna
any of a class of aromatic heterocyclic compounds

pyridoxine /ˌpɪɹɪˈdɒksɪn/ n
adermina pirydoksyna
derivative of pyridine

pyrite /ˈpaɪˌɹaɪt/ n
piryt
mineral iron disulfide

pyritohedron n
dwunastościan składany z pięciokątów

pyroclastic adj
piroklastyczny
composed of volcanic rock fragments

pyroclastic flow /ˈpaɪ.ɹəʊ.klæ.stɪk fləʊ/ n
lawina piroklastyczna
pyroclastic flow

pyrogenic adj
pirogeniczny
of minerals formed at high temperatures
pirogeniczny pirogenny
producing or produced by heat

pyrogenically adv
pirogenicznie pirogennie
in a pyrogenic manner

pyrogenicity n
pirogeniczność pirogenność
condition or extent of being pyrogenic

pyrography n
pirografia
art of decorating wood or leather by burning designs into its surface

pyroligneous acid n
ocet drzewny
dark liquid

pyromania /ˌpaɪɹə(ʊ)ˈmeɪnɪə/ n
piromania
disorder

pyromaniac /ˌpaɪɹoʊˈmeɪniæk/ /ˌpaɪɹəˈmeɪniæk/ n
piroman piromanka
one who is obsessed with fire

pyrosis n
zgaga
burning sensation due to reflux

pyrotechnics /ˌpaɪ.ɹə.ˈtɛk.nəks/ n
pirotechnika
art and technology of fireworks

pyroxene /paɪˈɹɑk.sin/ /paɪˈɹɒk.siːn/ n
piroksen
mineral

pyroxenite n
piroksenit
mineral

pyrrhic /ˈpɪɹ.ɪk/ adj
pyrrusowy
Of or characterized by pyrrhics

pyrrole /ˈpɪɹəʊl/ n
pirol
any of a class of aromatic heterocyclic compounds

pysanka /ˈpɪsəŋkə/ n
pisanka
Easter egg decorated with intricate designs

python /ˈpaɪθɑn/ /ˈpaɪθən/ n
pyton
constricting snake

pyuria n
ropomocz
the presence of pus in the urine

pyx /pɪks/ n
puszka
container used to hold the host

pyxidium n
torebka
a seed capsule in the form of a box

pyxis /ˈpɪksɪs/ n
szkatułka
small box

pâté /pæˈteɪ/ /ˈpæt.eɪ/ n
pasztet
finely-ground paste of meat, fish or vegetables

qadi /ˈkɑːdi/ n
kadi
judge in Islam

qua /kweɪ/ /kwɑː/ preposition
jako
in the capacity of

quack /kwæk/ n
kwa kwak kwaknięcie
sound made by a duck
konował znachor
fraudulent or incompetent doctor of medicine
medyk
doctor
szarlatan
charlatan

quack /kwæk/ v
kwakać
to make a noise like a duck

quackery n
szarlataneria szarlataństwo znachorstwo
practice

quad bike n
quad
small off-road four-wheeled powered vehicle

quadcopter /ˈkwɒdkɒptə(ɹ)/ n
quadcopter
rotorcraft

quadrable adj
kwadraturowy

quadrangular adj
czworokątny
in the shape of a quadrangle

quadrant /ˈkwɑd.ɹənt/ /ˈkwɒd.ɹənt/ n
kwadrant
measuring device
region of the Cartesian plane

quadratic equation n
równanie kwadratowe
second-degree equation

quadratic function n
funkcja kwadratowa
mathematics

quadrature amplitude modulation n
kwadraturowa modulacja amplitudowo-fazowa modulacja QAM
method of sending information

quadrennial /kwɑˈdɹɛni.əl/ /kwɒˈdɹɛn.i.əl/ adj
coczteroletni
happening every four years
czteroletni
lasting for four years

quadriga /kwɑˈdɹai.ɡə/ /kwɑˈdɹi.ɡə/ /kwɒdˈɹiː.ɡə/ /kwəˈdɹiː.ɡə/ n
kwadryga
Roman racing chariot and team of four horses

quadrilateral /ˌkwɑd.ɹəˈlæt.ɚ.əl/ adj
czworoboczny
having four sides

quadrilateral /ˌkwɑd.ɹəˈlæt.ɚ.əl/ n
czworokąt czworobok
polygon having four sides

quadrilingual adj
czterojęzyczny
able to speak four languages
written in four languages

quadrillion /kwɑˈdɹɪl.i.ən/ /kwɑˈdɹɪl.jən/ /kwɒˈdɹɪl.jən/ /kwɒˈdʒɹɪl.jən/ /kwɔˈdɹɘl.jɘn/ /kwɔˈdɹɪl.jən/ numeral
biliard
a thousand trillion (1,000,000,000,000,000); a billiard
kwadrylion
a million trillion, 1024

quadrimester n
cztery miesiące

quadrinomial n
czworomian
expression

quadrivium n
quadrivium kwadrywium
higher division of the seven liberal arts

quadruped /ˈkwɒdɹəpɛd/ n
czworonóg
a four-footed or four-legged animal

quadruple /kwɑˈdɹu.pəl/ /kwɑˈdɹʌp.əl/ /kwɒˈdɹuː.pəl/ /ˈkwɑd.ɹə.pəl/ /ˈkwɒd.ɹʊ.pəl/ adj
poczwórny
being four times as long, as big or as many of something

quadruple /kwɑˈdɹu.pəl/ /kwɑˈdɹʌp.əl/ /kwɒˈdɹuː.pəl/ /ˈkwɑd.ɹə.pəl/ /ˈkwɒd.ɹʊ.pəl/ v
poczwarzać poczworzyć
to multiply by four

quadruplet /kwɑˈdɹuplət/ /kwɑˈdɹuːplət/ /kwɑˈdɹʌplət/ /kwɒˈdɹʌplət/ n
czworaczek
infant born as one of four

quads n
kareta
(slang) four of a kind

quaestor /ˈkwistɚ/ /ˈkwiːstə/ n
kwestor
Ancient Roman official

quaffle n
kafel
ball used in Quidditch

quagga /kwæɡə/ /kwɑɡə/ /ˈkwaxə/ /ˈkwɒɡə/ n
kwaga kwagga
Equus quagga quagga

quagmire /ˈkwæɡ.maɪə(ɹ)/ /ˈkwæɡ.maɪəɹ/ /ˈkwɒɡ.maɪə(ɹ)/ n
bagno błoto
perilous, mixed up and troubled situation
bagno błoto trzęsawisko
swampy ground

quail /kweɪl/ /ˈkweɪ.əl/ n
przepiórka
any of several small game birds
meat of said bird

quail /kweɪl/ /ˈkweɪ.əl/ v
przestraszać się przestraszyć się
to shrink or waver; to become fearful or doubtful

quaking grass n
drżączka
plant of the genus Briza

qualification /ˌkwɑlɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/ /ˌkwɒlɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/ n
kwalifikacja
an ability or attribute that aids someone's chances of qualifying for something
act or process of qualifying

qualified /ˈkwɑl.ɪ.faɪd/ /ˈkwɒl.ɪ.faɪd/ adj
wykwalifikowany
meeting requirements

qualitative /ˈkwɑ.ləˌteɪ.tɪv/ /ˈkwɒl.ɪ.tə.tɪv/ /ˈkwɔl.ɪ.tə.tɪv/ [ˈkwɑ.ləˌteɪ.ɾɪv] [ˈkwɔl.ɪ.ɾə.ɾɪv] adj
jakościowy
(chemistry) of a form of analysis that yields the identity of a compound
of descriptions or distinctions based on some quality rather than on some quantity

quality /ˈkwælɪti/ /ˈkwælɪtɪ/ /ˈkwɑləti/ /ˈkwɒlɪti/ /ˈkwɔl.ə.ti/ [ˈkwɔɫ.ə.ti] [ˈkʰwɑ.lə.ɾi] n
cecha przymiot
something that differentiates
jakość
level of excellence
degree to which a man-made object or system is free from bugs and flaws

quality control n
kontrola jakości
control by inspection or testing

quality of life n
jakość życia
general well-being of individuals and societies

quantifier /ˈkwɑn.tə.faɪ.ɚ/ n
kwantyfikator
a logical operator

quantify /ˈkwɑn.təˌfaɪ/ /ˈkwɒn.tɪˌfaɪ/ /ˈkwɔn.tɪˌfɑɪ/ [ˈkwɑn.ɾəˌfaɪ] v
określać ilościowo określić ilościowo
to assign a quantity to

quantile /ˈkwɒn.taɪl/ n
kwantyl
quantile in statistics

quantitative /ˈkwɑn.təˌteɪ.tɪv/ /ˈkwɑn.tɪˌteɪ.tɪv/ /ˈkwɑn.əˌteɪ.tɪv/ /ˈkwɒntətɪv/ /ˈkwɒntɪtətɪv/ [ˈkwɑn.təˌteɪ.ɾɪv] [ˈkwɑn.əˌteɪ.ɾɪv] adj
ilościowy
of a measurement based on some quantity or number rather than on some quality

quantitative easing n
luzowanie ilościowe
monetary policy where the central bank creates money electronically

quantity /ˈkwæn.tɪ.ti/ /ˈkwæn.tɪ.tɪ/ /ˈkwɑn(t)ɪti/ /ˈkwɑndədi/ /ˈkwɑnɾəɾi/ /ˈkwɒn.tɪ.ti/ [ˈkʰwɑn(tʰ)ɨtʰi] [ˈkʰwɑn(ɾ)ɨɾi] n
ilość
indefinite amount of something
specific measured amount
considerable measure or amount
ilość wielkość
fundamental, generic term used when referring to the measurement

quantum /ˈkwɑntəm/ /ˈkwɒntəm/ [ˈkwɑɾ̃əm] [ˈkʰwɑn.tʰəm] adj
kwantowa kwantowe kwantowy
involving quanta

quantum /ˈkwɑntəm/ /ˈkwɒntəm/ [ˈkwɑɾ̃əm] [ˈkʰwɑn.tʰəm] n
ilość
quantity
kwant
indivisible unit of a given quantity

quantum dot n
kropka kwantowa
fluorescent nanoparticle

quantum electrodynamics n
elektrodynamika kwantowa
quantum electrodynamics

quantum entanglement n
splątanie kwantowe stan splątany
quantum mechanical phenomenon

quantum field theory n
kwantowa teoria pola
theory of quantum fields

quantum logic n
logika kwantowa
a form of non-classical logic

quantum mechanics n
mechanika kwantowa
branch of physics

quantum number n
liczba kwantowa
number that specifies the state of a quantum mechanical system

quantum state n
stan kwantowy

quantum well n
studnia kwantowa
potential well that confines particles

quarantine /ˈkwɑɹ.ən.tin/ /ˈkwɒrn̩tiːn/ /ˈkwɒɹ.ən.taɪn/ /ˈkwɒɹ.ən.tiːn/ /ˈkwɔɹ.ən.tin/ /ˈkɔɹ.ən.tin/ n
kwarantanna
a period, instance, or state of isolation to prevent the spread of disease
(figurative) any rigorously enforced isolation
isolation of suspected files
a place used for quarantining

quarantine /ˈkwɑɹ.ən.tin/ /ˈkwɒrn̩tiːn/ /ˈkwɒɹ.ən.taɪn/ /ˈkwɒɹ.ən.tiːn/ /ˈkwɔɹ.ən.tin/ /ˈkɔɹ.ən.tin/ v
poddać kwarantannie
to enter into or remain in quarantine

quark /kwɑɹk/ /kwɑːk/ /kwɔɹk/ /kwɔːk/ n
kwark
(physics) In the Standard Model, an elementary subatomic particle which forms matter
twaróg biały ser ser biały
soft creamy cheese

quarrel /ˈkwɑ-/ /ˈkwɒɹ(ə)l/ /ˈkwɔɹəl/ n
kłótnia spór sprzeczka awantura spięcie swar
dispute or heated argument
bełt
arrow or bolt for a crossbow or arbalest

quarrelsome adj
awanturniczy kłótliwy swarliwy
given to quarreling

quarrelsomely adv
awanturniczo

quarry /ˈk(w)ɔɹ.i/ /ˈkwɒɹ.i/ n
kamieniołom
site for mining stone
zwierzyna
animal which is hunted

quart /kwɔɹt/ /kwɔːt/ /kɔɹt/ n
kwarta
a unit of liquid capacity

quarter /ˈk(w)oː.tɘ/ /ˈk(w)ɔɹ.tɚ/ /ˈk(w)ɔːtə/ n
dzielnica
section of a town
kwartał
period of three months
ćwierć
one of four equal parts
ćwierćdolarówka
coin worth 25 cents

quarter /ˈk(w)oː.tɘ/ /ˈk(w)ɔɹ.tɚ/ /ˈk(w)ɔːtə/ v
kwaterować zakwaterować
to provide housing
ćwiartować poćwiartować
to divide into quarters; to divide by four

quarter of an hour n
kwadrans
fifteen minutes

quarter rest n
pauza ćwierćnutowa
rest as long as a quarter note

quarter- prefix
ćwierć-

quarter-century n
ćwierćwiecze
period of twenty-five years

quarterdeck n
nadbudówka spardek
aft part of the upper deck

quarterfinal n
ćwierćfinał
competition in a tournament whose winners go on to play in the two semifinals

quartering n
ćwiartowanie
method of capital punishment

quarterly adj
kwartalny
occurring once every quarter year

quarterly adv
kwartalnie
once every quarter year

quarterly n
kwartalnik
periodical publication

quartermaster /ˈk(w)ɔɹtɚˌmæstɚ/ /ˈkwɔːtɚˌmɑːstə/ n
kwatermistrz
officer responsible for supplies

quartet /kwɔː(ɹ)ˈtɛt/ n
kwartet
four musicians who perform a piece of music together

quartz /k(w)ɔɹts/ /k(w)ɔːts/ n
kwarc
mineral

quartz clock n
zegar kwarcowy
timepiece

quasar /ˈkweɪ.zɑɹ/ /ˈkweɪ.zɑː/ n
kwazar
An extragalactic object

quash /kwɑʃ/ /kwɒʃ/ /kwɔʃ/ v
tłumić
to defeat forcibly
unieważniać
to void or suppress (a subpoena, decision)

quasi- /kwɑːsi/ /kwɑːzi/ /ˈkweɪ.saɪ/ /ˈkweɪ.zaɪ/ prefix
niby-
almost

quasiparticle n
kwazicząstka
entity that has some characteristics of a distinct particle

quaternion /-ən/ /kwɑˈtɜɹniɑn/ /kwə-/ /kwəˈtɜːni.ən/ n
kwaternion
a four-dimensional hypercomplex number

quatrain /ˈkwɒt.ɹeɪn/ n
czterowiersz kwartyna tetrastych
a stanza of four lines

quatrayle n
praprapradziad praprapradziadek
grandfather of one's great-grandparent

quattuordecillion /ˌkwɒtjuɔː(ɹ)dəˈsɪl.i.ən/ numeral
septyliard
1045

quaver /ˈkweɪvə(ɹ)/ n
ósemka
(music) an eighth note

quay /keɪ/ /kiː/ /kweɪ/ n
nabrzeże molo
structure for loading and unloading vessels

quayside /ˈkiːsaɪd/ n
nabrzeże
an area alongside a quay

qubit /ˈkjubɪt/ /ˈkjuːbɪt/ n
kubit
quantum bit

queen /kwiːn/ [kʰw̥iːn] n
caryca królowa
powerful or forceful female person
ciota homo pedał
slang: male homosexual
dama krala królowa
playing card
kotka kocica
adult female cat
królowa dama hetman królówka
chess piece
królowa hetman
female monarch
reproductive female animal in a hive
wife of a king

queen /kwiːn/ [kʰw̥iːn] v
czynić hetmanem uczynić hetmanem
chess: to convert a pawn into a queen
koronować ukoronować
to make a queen

queen bee n
królowa
reproductive female bee

queen mother n
królowa matka
widowed queen consort whose son or daughter from that marriage is the reigning monarch

queen of beasts n
królowa zwierząt
the lioness

queer /kwɪə/ /kwɪɹ/ adj
dziwny dziwaczny
weird, odd, different
queerowy
pertaining to non-normative sexuality
slang: homosexual

queerness n
queer
the quality of being queer

queerplatonic adj
[[homoseksualista|homoseksualisto-]]platoniczny
not romantic, but stronger emotional bond than friendship

quench /kwɛnt͡ʃ/ v
gasić
to satisfy thirst
gasić ugasić ugaszać wygasić wygaszać zgasić
to extinguish or put out

quenching /ˈkwɛntʃ.ɪŋ/ n
hartowanie
rapid cooling of hot metal object

quern /kwɜːn/ /kwɝn/ n
żarna
mill

querulously /ˈkwɛɹ.jə.ləs.li/ /ˈkwɛɹ.jʊ.ləs.li/ /ˈkwɛɹ.ʊ.ləs.li/ adv
płaczliwie
with grumbling, complaining or whining

query /ˈkwɛ.ɹi/ /ˈkwɪ.ɹi/ /ˈkwɪə.ɹi/ n
kwerenda zapytanie
computing: set of instructions passed to a database
pytanie
question or inquiry

query /ˈkwɛ.ɹi/ /ˈkwɪ.ɹi/ /ˈkwɪə.ɹi/ v
kwerendować wysyłać zapytanie wysłać zapytanie
computing: search database
kwestionować
question
pytać
ask a question

quesadilla /ˌkeɪ̯səˈdi(j)ə/ /ˌkeɪ̯səˈdiː(l)jə/ /ˌkeɪ̯səˈdiːə/ [ˌkʰeɪ̯səˈdi(j)ə] [ˌkʰeɪ̯səˈdiːl(j)ə] n
quesadilla
Mexican dish

quest /kwɛst/ n
poszukiwania poszukiwanie
journey or effort in pursuit of a goal

question /ˈkwɛ.ʃən/ /ˈkwɛstjən/ /ˈkwɛst͡ʃən/ /ˈkwɛst͡ʃɛn/ /ˈkwɛʃ(t͡ʃ)ɛn/ /ˈkwɛʃtən/ /ˈkwɛʃt͡ʃən/ /ˈkwɛʔ.ʃən/ n
kwestia pytanie
subject or topic
przesłuchanie
interrogation by torture
pytanie
sentence, phrase or word
doubt or challenge

question /ˈkwɛ.ʃən/ /ˈkwɛstjən/ /ˈkwɛst͡ʃən/ /ˈkwɛst͡ʃɛn/ /ˈkwɛʃ(t͡ʃ)ɛn/ /ˈkwɛʃtən/ /ˈkwɛʃt͡ʃən/ /ˈkwɛʔ.ʃən/ v
kwestionować
raise doubts about
pytać
ask questions of

question mark /ˈkwɛstʃ(ə)n ˌmɑɹk/ /ˈkwɛstʃ(ə)n ˌmɑːk/ /ˈkwɛʃ-/ n
znak zapytania pytajnik
punctuation mark

questionable /ˈkwɛst͡ʃənəbl̩/ adj
kontrowersyjny
of dubious respectability or morality
wątpliwy kontrowersyjny sporny
problematic; open to doubt or challenge

questionnaire /ˌk(w)ɛstjəˈnɛə/ /ˌk(w)ɛstʃəˈnɛə/ /ˌkwɛs.t͡ʃəˈnɛɹ/ n
kwestionariusz ankieta
form containing a list of questions

quetzal /kɛtˈsɑl/ /ˈkɛt.səl/ n
kwezal quetzal
quetzal bird
quetzal
monetary unit

queue /kju/ /kjuː/ n
kolejka
data structure
kolejka ogonek
line of people
lista oczekujących kolejka
waiting list

queue /kju/ /kjuː/ v
stać w kolejce stanąć w kolejce
put oneself at the end of a queue

quiche /kiːʃ/ n
kisz
a kind of pie

quick /kwɪk/ [kʰw̥ɪk] adj
prędki szybki bystry błyskawiczny chyży
moving with speed

quick as a flash adv
błyskawicznie
extremely quickly

quick match n
lont
fuse

quick-and-dirty adj
zgrubna zgrubny
hasty, approximate, temporarily adequate

quickdraw n
ekspres
a set of two carabiners connected by a strap

quickie /ˈkwɪki/ n
numerek
brief sexual encounter

quicklime n
wapno wapno niegaszone
calcium oxide

quickly /ˈkwɪkli/ adv
szybko bystro prędko
rapidly, fast

quicksand n
kurzawka ruchome piaski
type of sand

quicksilver /ˈkwɪkˌsɪlvɚ/ n
rtęć żywe srebro
mercury

quickwitted /ˌkwɪkˈwɪt.ɪd/ [ˌkwɪkˈwɪɾ.ɪd] adj
błyskotliwy
mentally keen

quid pro quo /ˌkwɪd.pɹoʊˈkwoʊ/ /ˌkwɪd.pɹəʊˈkwəʊ/ n
coś za coś
something offered or asked in exchange for something else

quiet /ˈkwaɪ.ət/ /ˈkwaɪ.ɪt/ adj
cichy
with little sound
spokojny
having little motion

quiet /ˈkwaɪ.ət/ /ˈkwaɪ.ɪt/ v
uciszać uciszyć uspokajać uspokoić
to cause (someone or something) to become quiet
uciszyć się uspokajać się uspokoić się zamilknąć
to become quiet or calm

quiet as a mouse phraseologicalUnit
siedzieć cicho jak mysz pod miotłą siedzieć jak mysz pod miotłą
very quiet

quieten /ˈkwaɪ.ə.tən/ v
ucichać ucichnąć
to become quiet

quietism n
kwietyzm
form of mysticism

quietly /ˈkwaɪ.ət.li/ /ˈkwaɪ.ɪt.li/ adv
cicho
in a quiet manner

quill /kwɪl/ [kʰw̥ɪl] n
pióro gęsie pióro
pen made of feather

quillon /kiːˈjɒn/ n
garda jelec

quilt /kwɪlt/ [kʰw̥ɪlt] n
kołdra
bed covering

quim /kwɪm/ n
cipa cipsko pizda
(vulgar, slang) female genitalia

quince /kwɪns/ n
pigwa
fruit
tree

quinceañera /ˌkɪnseɪ.ənˈjɛɹə/ /ˌkɪnsənˈjɛɹə/ n
quinceañera
fifteenth birthday celebration for a young woman

quindecagon n
piętnastokąt
polygon with fifteen sides

quinine /kwɪˈniːn/ /ˈkwaɪ.naɪn/ /ˈkwɪn.aɪn/ /ˈkwɪn.iːn/ n
chinina
alkaloid used to treat malaria

quinoa /kiˈnoʊ.ə/ /kiːˈnəʊ.ə/ /ˈkinˌwɑ/ /ˈkiːn.wɑː/ n
komosa ryżowa kwinoa
Chenopodium quinoa

quinolone /ˈkwɪnələʊn/ /ˈkwɪnəˌloʊn/ n
chinolon

quinone /ˈkwɪnəʊn/ n
chinon
compound

quinonic adj
chinonowy

quinquagenarian /ˌkwɪŋkwəd͡ʒəˈnɛɹiən/ /ˌkwɪŋkwəd͡ʒɪˈnɛəɹɪən/ adj
pięćdziesięciolatek pięćdziesięciolatka

quinquennium /kwɪnˈkwɛnɪəm/ /kwɪŋˈkwɛniəm/ /kwɪŋˈkwɛnɪəm/ n
pięciolecie
period of five years

quinternion n
kwinternion
five gathered sheets of paper folded in two

quintessence /kwɪn.ˈtɛs.əns/ /kwɪn.ˈtɛs.ɪns/ n
kwintesencja
most perfect example of its type

quintet /kwɪnˈtɛt/ n
kwintet
(music) a composition in five parts
(music) a group of five musicians
any group of five

quintillion /kwɪnˈtɪljən/ numeral
trylion
a billion billion, 1018

quirk /kwɜːk/ /kwɝk/ n
dziwactwo
idiosyncrasy

quirky /ˈkwɜːki/ adj
dziwaczny
given to quirks or idiosyncrasies

quisling /ˈkwɪz.lɪŋ/ n
kolaborant kolaborantka zdrajca zdrajczyni
traitor

quite /kwaɪt/ adv
całkiem
to a moderate extent
całkiem całkowicie
to the greatest extent; completely
in a fully justified sense; truly

quite a few determiner
sporo
indefinite and somewhat large number

quite the contrary adv
wręcz przeciwnie

quitting time n
fajrant
the time when a day's work ends

quiver /ˈkwɪvə/ /ˈkwɪvɚ/ n
drżenie
shaking or moving with a slight trembling motion
kołczan
arrow container

quiver /ˈkwɪvə/ /ˈkwɪvɚ/ v
drżeć
shake or move with slight and tremulous motion

quixotic /kiˈɑtɪk/ /kiːˈzɑtɪk/ /kwɪkˈsɑtɪk/ /kwɪkˈsɒtɪk/ /kwɪɡˈzɑtɪk/ adj
donkiszocki donkiszotowski
Resembling or characteristic of Don Quixote

quixotism /ˈkwɪksəˌtɪzm/ n
donkiszoteria donkiszotyzm
visionary schemes

quixotry /ˈkwɪksətɹi/ n
donkiszoteria donkiszotyzm
visionary schemes

quiz /kwɪz/ [kʰw̥ɪz] n
kartkówka
a school examination of less importance
kwiz quiz turniej
competition in the answering of questions

quod /kwɑd/ /kwɒd/ n
więzienie
a prison

quod erat demonstrandum phraseologicalUnit
co było do okazania co było do udowodnienia

quoll /ˈkwoʊl/ /ˈkwɒl/ /ˈkwəʊl/ n
niełaz
carnivorous marsupial of the genus Dasyurus

quorum /ˈkwɔː.ɹəm/ /ˈkwɔːɹəm/ n
kworum quorum
minimum number present for official business

quota /ˈkwoʊtə/ n
dola przydział
proportional part or share; share or proportion assigned to each in a division
kontyngent
form of protectionism
norma
prescribed number or percentage

quotation /kwoʊˈteɪʃən/ n
wycena
act of naming a price; price that has been quoted

quotation marks /kwoʊˈteɪʃən mɑɹks/ /kwəʊˈteɪʃən mɑːks/ n
cudzysłów
Note: These languages use “◌”-style marks or other styles as indicated. Some are singular and some plural.

quote /kwəʊt/ n
cudzysłów
a quotation mark
cytat
a statement attributed to someone
wycena
a summary of work to be done with a set price

quote /kwəʊt/ v
cytować zacytować
to refer to a statement that has been made by someone else
wyceniać
to prepare a summary of work to be done and set a price

quotidian /kwəˈtɪdɪən/ /kwɵˈtɪdɪən/ adj
codzienny
daily
codzienny potoczny powszedni
common, mundane

quotient /ˈkwoʊʃənt/ /ˈkwəʊʃənt/ n
iloraz
number resulting from division
result of inverse of multiplication defined for non-numerical mathematical entities

rabbi /ˈɹæ.baɪ/ n
rabin
Jewish scholar or teacher

rabbinate /ˈɹæbɪnət/ n
rabinat
office or function of a rabbi

rabbinic /ɹəˈbɪnɪk/ /ˌɹæˈbɪnɪk/ adj
rabinacki rabiniczny
Relating to rabbis
rabiniczny
Formulated or enacted by rabbis

rabbinical /ɹəˈbɪnəkəl/ adj
rabiniczny
Referring to rabbis, their writings, or their work

rabbit /ˈɹæbət/ /ˈɹæbɪt/ n
królik
fur
królik trusia król truś
mammal
zając
pacesetter

rabbitlike adj
króliczy
characteristic of or like a rabbit

rabble /ˈɹæbəl/ n
bydło męty
the mass of common people; the lowest class of people
hałastra hołota motłoch
a disorderly crowd

rabble rouser n
podżegacz
someone or something that tends to inspire mobs

rabid /ˈɹeɪbɪd/ /ˈɹæbɪd/ adj
wściekły
affected with rabies

rabies /ˈɹeɪ.biːz/ n
wścieklizna
viral disease

raccoon /ɹæˈkun/ /ɹəˈkun/ /ɹəˈkuːn/ n
szop
nocturnal omnivore living in North America, Procyon lotor

raccoon dog n
jenot
Nyctereutes procyonoides

race /ɹeɪs/ n
bieżnia
bushings of a rolling element
wyścig gonitwa
contest
rasa
a breed or strain of domesticated animal
a large group of people distinguished from others on the basis of a common heritage
a large group of people distinguished from others on the basis of physical characteristics
a population geographically separated from others of its species that develops significantly different characteristics
a group of sentient beings distinguished by common characteristics

race /ɹeɪs/ v
biec pędzić
to move or drive at high speed
biegać ścigać
to take part in a race

race against time n
wyścig z czasem
situation in which something must be done hurriedly, by a deadline

racehorse n
koń wyścigowy
horse that competes in races

racemate /ˈɹeɪsɪmeɪt/ /ˈɹæsɪmeɪt/ n
mieszanina racemiczna racemat
racemic mixture

racer /ˈɹeɪsə/ /ˈɹeɪsəɹ/ n
zawodniczka zawodnik
someone who takes part in a race

racetrack /ˈɹeɪsˌtɹæk/ n
bieżnia tor wyścigowy
a course over which races are run

racewalker n
chodziarka chodziarz
athlete

racewalking n
chód sportowy
sport in which people try to walk as fast as possible

racial /ˈɹeɪʃəl/ adj
rasowy
of or relating to a race (or a people)

racing driver n
automobilista automobilistka samochodziarz
a person whose profession is driving racing cars

racism /ˈɹeɪsɪzm̩/ n
rasizm
racial prejudice or discrimination

racist /ˈɹeɪ.sɪst/ /ˈɹæɪ.sɪst/ adj
rasistowski
relating to racism

racist /ˈɹeɪ.sɪst/ /ˈɹæɪ.sɪst/ n
rasista rasistka
person who believes a particular race is superior to others.

racistly adv
rasistowsko
in a racist manner

rack /ɹæk/ n
bufory zderzaki
woman's breasts
regał
series of shelves
wieszak
frame for hanging objects
żeberka
cut of meat

rack and pinion n
zębatka
mechanism converting rotational motion into linear

rack one's brain v
zachodzić w głowę łamać sobie głowę
struggle to think of something

racket /ˈɹækɪt/ n
rakieta
implement
hałas harmider wrzawa
loud noise

raconteur /ˌɹæk.ɑnˈtɝ/ /ˌɹæk.ɒnˈtəː/ /ˌɹæk.ɔ̃(n)ˈtəː/ /ˌɹæk.ɔ̃(n)ˈtɝ/ n
gawędziarka gawędziarz
storyteller

rada n
rada
a parliamentary body in a number of Slavic countries

radar /ˈɹeɪ.dɑɹ/ /ˈɹeɪ.dɑː(ɹ)/ [ˈɹeɪ.ɾɑɹ] n
radar radiolokator
method of detecting distant objects

radian /ˈɹeɪdiən/ n
radian
unit

radiance /ˈɹeɪdi.əns/ n
blask
the quality of being radiant, shining, bright or splendid
radiancja
the flux of radiation emitted per unit solid angle in a given direction by a unit area of a source

radiation /ɹaɪ.di.ˈaɪ.ʃən/ /ɹæ.di.ˈeɪ.ʃən/ /ˌɹeɪ.di.ˈeɪ.ʃən/ n
promieniowanie
process of radiating waves or particles
shooting forth of anything from a point or surface
promieniowanie radiacja
radioactive energy

radiation sickness n
choroba popromienna
illness produced by ionizing radiation

radiator /ˈreːdijeː(j)tɐ/ /ˈrædɪeɪ̯tə/ /ˈrɛjdɪjɛjtə/ /ˈɹej.di(j)ˌej.tɚ/ n
emiter
anything which radiates or emits rays
kaloryfer grzejnik
finned metal fixture that carries hot water or steam in order to heat a room
radiator
device that lowers engine coolant temperature by conducting heat to the air

radical /ˈɹædɪkəl/ adj
radykalny
favouring fundamental change
thoroughgoing
rodnik
chemistry: involving free radicals

radical /ˈɹædɪkəl/ n
klucz pierwiastek radykał
linguistics: portion of a character that provides an indication of its meaning
pierwiastek
arithmetic: root (of a number or quantity)
radykał
person with radical opinions
ring theory: intersection of prime ideals containing a given ideal
rodnik
organic chemistry: free radical

radicalism n
radykalizm

radicalization n
radykalizacja
the process or result of radicalizing

radicalize v
radykalizować zradykalizować
to make radical

radio /ˈɹeɪdiˌoʊ/ /ˈɹeɪdiˌəʊ/ n
radio
technology
radio radionadajnik radiostacja
transmitter
radio radioodbiornik
receiver

radio astronomy n
radioastronomia
branch of astronomy

radio beacon n
radiolatarnia
beacon that emits radiowave

radio drama /ˈɹeɪdiˌoʊ dɹɑmə/ /ˈɹeɪdiˌəʊ dɹɑːmə/ n
słuchowisko
acoustic performance

radio silence /ˈɹeɪ.di.oʊ ˌsaɪ.ləns/ /ˈɹeɪ.di.əʊ ˌsaɪ.ləns/ n
cisza radiowa
period of time when all radio transmissions cease

radio station n
radiostacja
broadcast station emitting an audio signal

radio telescope n
radioteleskop
astronomical device

radio wave n
fala radiowa
electromagnetic radiation

radio- prefix
radio-
radiation
radio (broadcasting)

radioactive /ˌɹeɪdioʊˈaktɪv/ /ˌɹeɪdioʊˈæktɪv/ adj
radioaktywny promieniotwórczy
exhibiting radioactivity

radioactive dating n
datowanie izotopowe datowanie promieniotwórcze radiochronologia radiodatowanie
process of determining age by estimating radioactive decay

radioactive fallout n
opad promieniotwórczy
material from a radioactive plume

radioactive waste n
odpady promieniotwórcze
type of waste

radioactivity n
radioaktywność promieniotwórczość
emission of ionizing radiation
radiation emitted

radiocarbon dating n
datowanie radiowęglowe
radiocarbon dating

radiochemistry n
radiochemia
chemistry of radioactive substances

radiocommunication n
radiokomunikacja
means of communication

radiogram n
radiogram radiotelegram
a message, like a telegram, transmitted by radio

radiograph n
radiogram
image produced by radiation

radioisotope n
radioizotop
a radioactive isotope of an element

radiolocation n
radiolokacja

radiological adj
radiologiczny
pertaining to radiation, radioactivity or nuclear weapons

radiologist /ˌɹeɪ.diːˈɒl.ə.dʒɪst/ n
radiolog
practitioner of radiology

radiology n
radiologia
the specialty of medical imaging

radiometer n
radiometr
device that measures radiant energy

radionuclide n
radionuklid
radioactive nuclide

radiophonic adj
radiofoniczny
Describing sound effects created to accompany radio broadcasts
of or pertaining to the radiophone

radiotherapy n
radioterapia
therapeutic use of radiation

radish /ˈɹadɪʃ/ /ˈɹædɪʃ/ /ˈɹɛdɪʃ/ n
rzodkiew
plant of the Raphanus genus
rzodkiewka
edible root
rzodkiewka rzodkiew
plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus

radium /ˈɹeɪ.di.əm/ /ˈɹeɪ.dɪ.əm/ n
rad
chemical element with an atomic number of 88

radius /ˈɹeɪ.di.əs/ n
kość promieniowa
bone (human)
promień
line segment
length of this line segment

radix /ɹeɪ.dɪks/ n
podstawa
mathematics: number of distinct symbols used to represent numbers

radon /ˈɹeɪdɒn/ n
radon
chemical element

raffinose n
rafinoza
trisaccharide

raffle /ˈɹæfl̩/ n
losowanie
drawing

raft /ɹæft/ /ɹɑːft/ n
tratwa
flat, floating structure
inflatable floating craft

rafter /ˈɹæftəɹ/ /ˈɹɑːftə(ɹ)/ n
krokiew
one of a series of sloped beams

rafting /ˈɹæftɪŋ/ /ˈɹɑːftɪŋ/ n
rafting spływ rzeczny
sport

rag /ɹæɡ/ n
obdartus obszarpaniec
shabby, beggarly fellow
szmata łach łachman
mean or tattered attire
szmata ścierka
piece of cloth
szmatławiec
(slang, pejorative) A newspaper

rag doll n
szmaciana lalka
a doll made from cloth and rags

ragamuffin /ˈɹæɡəˌmʌfɪn/ n
obdartus łachmaniarz
dirty, shabbily-clothed child

rage /ɹeɪd͡ʒ/ n
wściekłość szał amok
a violent anger

ragman n
gałganiarka gałganiarz szmaciara szmaciarka szmaciarz
collector of refuse

ragout /ɹæˈɡuː/ /ˈɹæɡuː/ n
ragoût ragu
stew of meat and vegetables mixed together

ragpicker n
gałganiarka gałganiarz szmaciara szmaciarka szmaciarz
collector of refuse

ragweed n
ambrozja
plant of the genus Ambrosia

raid /ɹeɪd/ n
najazd najście nalot
attack for the purpose of making arrests, seizing property, or plundering

raider /ˈɹeɪdɚ/ n
grabieżca łupieżca
one who engages in a raid

rail /ɹeɪl/ [ɹeɪɫ] n
szyna
metal bar

rail transport n
kolejnictwo
transport

railcar n
autobus szynowy szynobus
self-propelled railway vehicle similar to a bus
drezyna spalinowa wagon silnikowy
powered single railway vehicle with driver's cab at both ends

railing /ˈɹeɪlɪŋ/ n
reling
fence or barrier

railless adj
bezszynowy

railroad car n
wagon
railway vehicle

railroad tie n
podkład
piece supporting the rails of a railroad

railroad track n
tory kolejowe
track for trains

railway /ˈɹeɪlˌweɪ/ n
kolej kolej żelazna
transport system using these rails
kolej linia kolejowa
track, consisting of parallel rails

railway gun n
działo kolejowe
large mobile artillery gun on railway

railway line n
linia kolejowa
stretch of track(s) connecting two points and associated infrastructure

railway station n
stacja kolejowa
place where trains stop

railwayman n
kolejarz
man who works on a railway

rain /ɹeɪn/ n
deszcz
condensed water from a cloud
an instance of particles falling
any matter falling

rain /ɹeɪn/ v
deszcz pada dżdżyć padać
of rain: to fall from the sky

rain cats and dogs v
lać jak z cebra
to rain very heavily

rain gauge n
deszczomierz pluwiometr
device used to measure rainfall

rain shadow n
cień opadowy

rainbow /ˈɹeɪmboʊ/ /ˈɹeɪnboʊ/ /ˈɹeɪnbəʊ/ adj
tęczowy
multicoloured

rainbow /ˈɹeɪmboʊ/ /ˈɹeɪnboʊ/ /ˈɹeɪnbəʊ/ n
tęcza dęga pijawa
multicoloured arch in the sky
wachlarz
assortment, varied multitude

rainbow trout n
pstrąg tęczowy
Oncorhynchus mykiss (countable)

raincoat /ˈɹeɪnkoʊt/ /ˈɹeɪnkəʊt/ n
płaszcz przeciwdeszczowy
waterproof coat

raindrop /ˈɹeɪndɹɑp/ /ˈɹeɪndɹɒp/ n
kropla deszczu
droplet of rainwater

rainforest n
las deszczowy
type of forest

rainless adj
bezdeszczowy
without rain

rainlessly adv
bezdeszczowo
in a rainless way

rainwater n
deszczówka
water sourced from rain

rainy /ˈɹeɪni/ adj
deszczowy dżdżysty
abounding with rain

rainy day n
czarna godzina
difficult period of need

rainy season n
pora deszczowa
portion of the year when rainfall amounts are greatest

raion n
rejon
administrative unit

raise /ɹeɪz/ n
podwyżka
increase in wages

raise /ɹeɪz/ v
hodować uprawiać chować wychowywać
to bring up, to grow
podnieść
to exponentiate
to cause to rise
uzyskać zebrać
to collect

raise one's voice v
podnieść głos podnosić głos

raise the alarm v
bić na alarm uderzać na alarm uderzyć na alarm

raise the bar v
podnieść poprzeczkę podnosić poprzeczkę
to raise standards

raised bog n
torfowisko wysokie

raisin /ˈɹeɪzən/ /ˈɹiːzən/ n
rodzynek rodzynka
dried grape

raison d'être /ˌɹeɪzɒ̃ ˈdɛtɹə/ /ˌɹɛzɒ̃ ˈdɛtɹə/ n
racja bytu
reason for being

rajah /ˈɹɑː.d͡ʒə/ /ˈɹɑː.ʒə/ n
radża
Hindu prince

rake /ɹeɪk/ n
grabie
garden tool

rake /ɹeɪk/ v
grabić zgarniać zgrabić
to act upon with a rake, or as if with a rake
ostrzeliwać
to use a weapon to fire at (something) with a side-to-side motion
przeczesywać
to search through (thoroughly)

rale /ɹeɪl/ /ɹæl/ /ɹɑl/ /ɹɑːl/ n
rzężenia
abnormal sound made by lungs and heard with a stethoscope

rally /ˈɹæli/ n
manifestacja wiec
public gathering for a cause
rajd
motor racing: event

ram /ɹæm/ n
baran tryk
male sheep
siłownik
piston powered by hydraulic pressure

rambling /ˈɹæm.blɪŋ/ n
rozwlekły
meandering talk

rambutan [ɹamˈbjʉːtən] [ɹæmˈbuːtən] n
rambutan
fruit
tree

ramekin /ˈɹæm(ɪ)kɪn/ n
kokilka
Small dish for baking in oven

ramen /ɹɑːmən/ n
ramen
soup noodles of wheat, with various ingredients (Japanese style)

ramie /ˈɹeɪmi/ /ˈɹæmi/ n
szczmiel
Boehmeria nivea

ramification /ɹæmɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/ /ˌɹæməfəˈkeɪʃən/ n
rozgałęzienie
branching process
skutek uboczny
consequence or development complicating a problem

rampart /ˈɹæm.pɑː(ɹ)t/ n
szaniec
protection against intrusion
szaniec wał obronny
defensive ridge of earth

rampart /ˈɹæm.pɑː(ɹ)t/ v
bronić ochraniać
To defend with a rampart; fortify or surround with a rampart

rampion /ˈɹæmpɪən/ n
zerwa
Phyteuma

ramrod /ˈɹæmɹɒd/ n
stempel sztępel
device used with early firearms

ramshackle /ˈɹæmˌʃæk.əl/ adj
rozklekotany rozpadający się
in disrepair or disorder

ramskin n
baran baranica

ramsons n
czosnek niedźwiedzi trzemucha
Allium ursinum

ranch /ɹænt͡ʃ/ /ɹɑːntʃ/ n
rancho ranczo
small farm that cultivates vegetables or livestock

rancid /ˈɹænsɪd/ adj
zjełczały
being rank in taste or smell

rancidification n
jełczenie
process of becoming rancid

rancor /ˈɹæŋ.kɚ/ n
uraza żal
the deepest malignity or spite

rancorous /ˈɹæŋ.kəɹ.əs/ adj
rozgoryczony rozżalony zajadły
full of rancor

random /ˈɹændəm/ adj
bez związku od czapy
apropos of nothing
losowy
mathematics: of or relating to probability distribution
losowy pseudolosowy
computing: pseudorandom
przeciętny statystyczny
undistinguished, average
przypadkowy losowy
all outcomes being unpredictable

random function n
funkcja random
(computing)

random number /ˈɹæn.dəm ˈnʌm.bɚ/ n
liczba losowa
number allotted randomly using a suitable generator

random variable n
zmienna losowa
measurable function from a sample space

randomness /ˈɹændəmnəs/ n
losowość
property of all possible outcomes being equally likely

range /ɹeɪnd͡ʒ/ n
areał obszar występowania zasięg
ecology: area where a species is found
gama paleta wachlarz wybór
selection, array
kuchenka piec
large stove with many hotplates
pasmo górskie
line of mountains, buildings etc.
pastwisko
area of open, often unfenced, grazing land
strzelnica
area for practicing shooting
zasięg
maximum reach of capability

range pole n
tyczka geodezyjna
Rod or pole marked with alternating red and white bands used by surveyors

rangefinder n
dalmierz
instrument

rank /ɹæŋk/ n
ranga godność stopień
hierarchical level in an organization
rząd
chess: one of the horizontal lines of squares
maximal number of linearly independent columns (or rows) of a matrix
szeregi

ranking /ˈɹæn.kɪŋ/ /ˈɹæŋ.kɪŋ/ n
klasyfikacja ranking
placement in a list

rankle /ˈɹæŋ.kəl/ v
boleć dręczyć
to cause irritation
jątrzyć zaognić
to fester

ransack /ˈɹænsæk/ v
plądrować
to loot or pillage

ransom /ˈɹænsəm/ n
okup
money paid for the freeing of a hostage

ransom /ˈɹænsəm/ v
odkupić odkupywać
to pay a price to set someone free

ransomware n
oprogramowanie szantażujące oprogramowanie wymuszające okup ransomware
malware

rant /ɹænt/ n
pieklenie się tyrada żołądkowanie się
incoherent and emotional articulation
tyrada
criticism

rant /ɹænt/ v
produkować się
to criticise by ranting

rap /ɹæp/ v
rapować
to speak lyrics in the style of rap music

rap music n
rap
music form

rapacious /ɹəˈpeɪ.ʃəs/ adj
pazerny
avaricious

rape /ɹeɪp/ n
gwałt
act of forcing sexual activity

rape /ɹeɪp/ v
gwałcić zgwałcić
force sexual intercourse
naruszyć
cause damage, destruction to a countryside, nature etc

rape culture n
kultura gwałtu
rape culture, cultivation of rape, rape cultivation
rape culture

rapeseed n
rzepak
rapeseed plant

rapid /ˈɹæpɪd/ adj
szybki
Very swift or quick

rapid /ˈɹæpɪd/ n
bystrze bystrzyna szypot progi
section of river

rapid eye movement n
REM
rapid movement of the eyes

rapidity /ɹəˈpɪdɪti/ n
szybkość
speed, swiftness

rapidly /ˈɹæpɪdli/ adv
szybko
with speed

rapist /ˈɹeɪpɪst/ n
gwałciciel gwałcicielka
someone who rapes someone else

rapper /ˈɹæpɚ/ n
raper
performer of rap music, or one who raps

rapt /ˈɹæpt/ adj
wniebowzięty
enthusiatic; ecstatic, elated, happy

rara avis /-ˈæviːs/ /-ˈævɪs/ /-ˈɑːviːs/ /-ˈɑːvɪs/ /ˌɹɑɹi ˈeɪvis/ /ˌɹɑɹə ˈeɪvɪs/ /ˌɹɑːɹaɪ-/ /ˌɹɑːɹiː ˈeɪviːs/ /ˌɹɑːɹə ˈeɪvɪs/ /ˌɹɛː-/ /ˌɹɛːɹaɪ-/ /ˌɹɛːɹiː-/ n
biały kruk
rare or unique, and thus outstanding or unusual, person or thing

rare /ɹɛə(ɹ)/ /ɹɛɚ/ /ɹɛɹ/ [ɹɜɹ] adj
rzadki
very uncommon
krwisty
cooked very lightly

rare earth element n
metal ziem rzadkich
type of metal

rarefied adj
rozrzedzony
less dense than usual

rarefy /ˈɹɛəɹəˌfaɪ/ v
rafinować zrafinować
to enlarge without adding new matter
rozcieńczać rozcieńczyć rozrzedzać rozrzedzić
to make rare etc.

rarely /ɹeə.liː/ /ɹeəɹliː/ /ˈɹɛəɹli/ /ˈɹɛːli/ adv
rzadko
not occurring at a regular interval

rarity /ˈɹæ.ɹɪ.tɪ/ /ˈɹɛə.ɹə.ti/ /ˈɹɛɹ.ə.ti/ n
rarytas biały kruk
rare object
rzadkość
measure of the scarcity of an object

rascal /ˈɹæskl̩/ /ˈɹɑːskl̩/ adj
hołota
part of the common rabble

rascal /ˈɹæskl̩/ /ˈɹɑːskl̩/ n
łajdak szubrawiec łotr ancymon urwis łobuziak
cheeky person

rash /ɹæʃ/ n
lawina
outbreak or surge in problems
wysypka
area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots; illness characterized by a type of rash

rashist n
raszysta
Russian nationalist

rasp /ɹæsp/ /ɹɑːsp/ n
tarnik
coarse file

raspberry /ˈɹæzbɹi/ /ˈɹæzˌbɛɹi/ /ˈɹɑːzb(ə)ɹi/ adj
malinowy
containing or having the flavor/flavour of raspberries
the colour

raspberry /ˈɹæzbɹi/ /ˈɹæzˌbɛɹi/ /ˈɹɑːzb(ə)ɹi/ n
malina
fruit
plant
malinowy malina
colour
prychnięcie
noise imitative of a fart

rassolnik n
zupa ogórkowa
a soup in Russian cuisine

raster graphics n
bitmapa grafika bitmapowa grafika rastrowa
structure representing grid of pixels

rat /ɹæt/ n
donosiciel kapuś szpicel
traitor
szczur
rodent

rat /ɹæt/ v
donosić kapować sypać
to tell on someone

rat race n
wyścig szczurów
activity which is hectic, tedious, and congested with participants

ratafia /ˌɹætəˈfiːə/ n
ratafia
liqueur

ratatouille /ɹæt.əˈtuː.i/ /ɹæt.əˈtwiː/ n
ratatuj
traditional French Provençal stewed vegetable dish

ratcatcher n
szczurołap
person who catches rats

ratchet /ˈɹæt͡ʃɪt/ n
mechanizm zębatkowo-zapadkowy
mechanism composed of a ratchet wheel and pawl

rate /ɹeɪt/ n
akord
a wage calculated in relation to a unit of time
cena taryfa
the price of a(n individual) thing; cost
cennik stawka taryfa
a set price or fee determined in relation to a particular scale or standard
opłata
any of various taxes, especially those levied by a local authority
szybkość
the relative speed of change or progress
tempo
the proportional relationship between one amount, value etc. and another

rate /ɹeɪt/ v
oceniać ocenić
assign a particular rank or level

rate of climb n
prędkość wznoszenia
rate of increase of altitude

rather /ˈɹaː.ðə/ /ˈɹæ.ðə/ /ˈɹæð.ɚ/ /ˈɹɑ.ðɚ/ /ˈɹɑː.ðə(ɹ)/ /ˈɹʌ.ðə(ɹ)/ /ˌɹɑːˈðɜː(ɹ)/ adv
dosyć dość
somewhat, fairly
raczej
preferably
more precisely
on the contrary

rather than conjunction
a nie
to indicate that the following alternative is less preferred

rather than preposition
a nie zamiast
instead of, in preference to

ratification n
ratyfikacja
act or process of ratifying, or the state of being ratified

ratify /ˈɹætəfaɪ/ /ˈɹætɪfaɪ/ v
ratyfikować zatwierdzać zatwierdzić
give formal consent to

ratio /ˈɹeɪ.si.əʊ/ /ˈɹeɪ.ʃi.əʊ/ /ˈɹeɪ.ʃiˌoʊ/ /ˈɹeɪ.ʃoʊ/ /ˈɹeɪ.ʃəʊ/ n
stosunek
arithmetics: relative magnitude of two quantities expressed as quotient
stosunek współczynnik
number representing comparison

ration /ˈɹæʃən/ n
racja
portion allocated

ration stamp n
kartka żywnościowa

rational /ˈɹæʃ(ə)nəl/ adj
racjonalny
capable of reasoning
arithmetic: of an algebraic expression
racjonalny rozsądny
reasonable; not absurd
wymierny racjonalny
arithmetic: of a number

rational number n
liczba wymierna
quotient of integers

rationale /ˌɹæʃ.əˈnæl/ /ˌɹæʃ.əˈnɑːl/ n
przesłanki
explanation of the basis or fundamental reasons
uzasadnienie
justification or rationalization
racjonał
liturgical vestment

rationalism n
racjonalizm
philosophical theory

rationality n
racjonalność
quality or state of being rational

rationalization n
racjonalizacja
process or result of rationalizing

rationally adv
racjonalnie
in a rational manner

rationing n
racjonowanie reglamentacja
controlled distribution of scarce resources

ratite /ˈɹætaɪt/ n
bezgrzebieniowiec
bird

ratline /ˈɹætlɪn/ n
wyblinka
net like ropework of the shrouds

ratshit /ˈɹæt.ʃɪt/ n
gówno szczura
vulgar: excrement of a rat

rattail /ˈɹæt.teɪl/ n
mysi ogonek
hair

rattle /ˈɹæ.təl/ [ˈɹæ.tɫ̩] n
charczenie rzężenie
sound made in the throat whilst breathing when mucus is not fully cleared
grzechotanie klekotanie trajkotanie
sound
grzechotka
baby’s toy
zoology: organ that produces a rattling sound
grzechotka gruchawka klekotka trajkotka
musical instrument
grzechotka klekotka kołatka trajkotka
a device that makes a rattling noise
klekotka trajkotka
noisy, senseless talker
paplanie paplanina trajkotanie
noisy, rapid talk

rattle /ˈɹæ.təl/ [ˈɹæ.tɫ̩] v
charczeć rzęzić
to make a rattling noise in the chest whilst breathing
grzechotać
to create a sound by shaking
to make a rattling noise

rattlesnake /ˈɹæt.əlˌsneɪk/ n
grzechotnik
venomous snake

rattrap n
pułapka na myszy
device used to catch rats

ravelin n
rawelin
fortification outside a castle

raven /ˈɹeɪvən/ adj
kruczoczarny kruczy
of the color of the raven; jet-black

raven /ˈɹeɪvən/ n
kruk
bird

ravenous /ˈɹævənəs/ adj
zachłanny żarłoczny
very hungry

ravenous hunger n
wilczy apetyt wilczy głód łapczywość
ravenous hunger

ravine /ɹəˈviːn/ n
wąwóz jar
a deep narrow valley

ravioli n
ravioli
pasta

ravishing adj
czarowny zachwycający
Extremely beautiful

raw /ɹɑ/ /ɹɔ/ /ɹɔː/ adj
surowy
uncooked
untreated
crude in quality

raw data n
surowe dane
data that have not been analyzed

raw material n
surowiec
material in its unprocessed, natural state

ray /ɹeɪ/ n
promień
beam of light or radiation
promień półprosta
mathematics: line extending indefinitely in one direction from a point
płaszczka
marine fish with a flat body, large wing-like fins, and a whip-like tail

rayless adj
bezpromienny
lightless

rayon /ˈɹeɪɒn/ n
sztuczny jedwab
fiber

raze /ɹeɪz/ v
zburzyć
to demolish

razor /ˈɹeɪzə/ /ˈɹeɪzɚ/ n
brzytwa
shaving knife
shaving instrument
szabla
tusk of wild boar

razor blade n
żyletka
razor blade

razor clam n
okładniczka
a clam with a long curved shell resembling a straight razor

razor wire n
drut ostrzowy
a form of security wire

razorbill n
alka alka krzywonosa
a large black and white auk, Alca torda

re- /ɹiː/ /ɹə/ /ɹɪ/ prefix
od- prze-
again

re-Polonizing adj
repolonizacyjny
restoring to a (more) Polish character

re-evaluate /ɹiːɪˈvæljuːeɪt/ v
przewartościować przewartościowywać
evaluate again

reach /ɹiːt͡ʃ/ n
rozciągnięcie sięgnięcie
act of stretching or extending; extension
rozciągłość
extent; stretch; expanse
zasięg
ability to reach or touch

reach /ɹiːt͡ʃ/ v
docierać dotrzeć
to arrive at by effort
dosięgać dosięgnąć
to obtain by stretching forth, to extend so as to touch
sięgać sięgnąć
to extend, to thrust out

reach for the stars v
sięgać gwiazd sięgnąć gwiazd
to have high hopes

reach out v
nawiązać kontakt nawiązywać kontakt odezwać się odzywać się
to attempt to initiate communication

react /ɹiːˈækt/ v
reagować zareagować
to act in response
to act upon each other (in chemistry)
to return an impulse or impression

reactance n
reaktancja
opposition to the change in current

reaction /ɹiˈækʃən/ n
reakcja
action in response to an event
chemical transformation

reactionary /ɹiˈæk.t͡ʃəˌnɛɚ.i/ /ɹiˈæk.t͡ʃɪˌnɛɚ.i/ /ɹiˈæk.ʃəˌnɛɚ.i/ /ɹiˈæk.ʃɪˌnɛɚ.i/ /ɹiˈækʃən(ə)ɹi/ adj
reakcjonistyczny reakcyjny
opposed to change

reactionary /ɹiˈæk.t͡ʃəˌnɛɚ.i/ /ɹiˈæk.t͡ʃɪˌnɛɚ.i/ /ɹiˈæk.ʃəˌnɛɚ.i/ /ɹiˈæk.ʃɪˌnɛɚ.i/ /ɹiˈækʃən(ə)ɹi/ n
reakcjonista
such a person

reactivation n
reaktywacja
the activation of something previously inactive or inactivated

reactive /ɹiːˈæktɪv/ adj
aktywny
(in chemistry) able to react

reactively adv
bodźcowo
in a reactive fashion

reactivity n
aktywność
relative susceptibility to chemical reaction

reactor /ɹiˈæktɚ/ /ɹiːˈæktə/ n
reagent
chemical substance which responds to another substance
reaktor
device which uses atomic energy to produce heat
structure used to contain chemical or other reactions

read /ɹid/ /ɹiːd/ n
lektura
a reading or an act of reading

read /ɹid/ /ɹiːd/ v
czytać
of text, etc., to be interpreted or read in a particular way
czytać odczytać odczytywać
to speak aloud words or other information that is written
czytać przeczytać
to look at and interpret letters or other information
to interpret or infer a meaning, significance, thought, intention, etc. from
czytać studiować
to make a study of

read between the lines v
czytać między wierszami
infer a meaning that is not stated explicitly

read like a book v
czytać jak w otwartej księdze

read the room v
wyczuwać klimat wyczuć klimat

read up on v
podkuwać się podkuć się
to learn about a subject

read-only memory n
pamięć tylko do odczytu
memory chip that stores values but doesn't allow updates

readability /ˌɹiːdəˈbɪlɪti/ n
czytelność
property of being capable of being read; legibility

readdress v
przeadresować przeadresowywać
to change the address of

reader /ˈɹidɚ/ /ˈɹiːdə/ n
czytelnik czytelniczka
person who reads a publication
czytnik
any device that reads something

readiness /ˈɹɛd.i.nəs/ n
gotowość
state or degree of being ready

reading /ˈɹidiŋ/ /ˈɹiːdɪŋ/ [ˈɹiɾiŋ] [ˈɹiːɾɪŋ] n
czytanie
event at which material is read aloud
one of several stages a bill passes through
czytanie lektura
process of interpreting written language

reading glasses n
okulary do czytania
spectacles to deal with the effects of presbyopia

reading material n
lektura
anything produced for reading

reading room n
czytelnia
space set aside for reading

ready /ˈɹɛd.i/ adj
gotowy
prepared for immediate action or use

ready meal n
gotowe danie gotowy posiłek
prepackaged meal requiring minimal preparation from the eater

reagent /ɹi.ˈeɪ.d͡ʒənt/ n
reagent odczynnik
substance used in chemical reactions

real /ɹiɯ/ /ɹiːl/ /ɹɪə̯l/ /ˈɹiːəl/ adj
prawdziwy
true, genuine, not merely nominal
genuine, unfeigned, sincere
realny
economics: having been adjusted to remove the effects of inflation
that has physical existence
realny rzeczowy
law: relating to immovable tangible property

real /ɹeɪˈɑl/ /ɹeɪˈɑːl/ n
real
former unit of currency of Spain and Spain's colonies
a unit of currency used in Brazil
a unit of currency formerly used in Portugal and Brazil

real McCoy n
autentyk

real deal n
autentyk

real estate /ˈɹiːl əˌsteɪt/ n
nieruchomość
property that cannot easily be moved

real life n
real życie
life outside of a contrived or fantastical environment

real number n
liczba rzeczywista
limit of a convergent sequence of rational numbers

real socialism n
realny socjalizm
a pragmatic brand of socialism

real time /ˈɹiːl ˈtaɪm/ /ˈɹiːəl ˈtaɪm/ n
czas rzeczywisty
time duration

real world n
real
realm comprising physical objects

real-time /ˈɹiːltaɪm/ /ˈɹiːəltaɪm/ adj
w czasie rzeczywistym
computer term

real-valued adj
o wartościach rzeczywistych
function having only real values

realgar /ɹiˈæl.ɡɑɹ/ /ɹiˈæl.ɡɑː/ /ɹiˈæl.ɡə/ /ɹiˈæl.ɡɚ/ n
realgar
mineral

realia /ɹeɪˈɑːlɪə/ /ɹiːˈeɪlɪə/ n
realia
real objects or facts

realist /ˈɹɪəlɪst/ n
autentysta realista
advocate of artistic realism
realista
one who sees things as they are

realistic /ˌɹiːjəˈlɪstɪk/ /ˌɹɪəˈlɪstɪk/ adj
realistyczny
expressed or represented as being accurate

realistically adv
realistycznie
in a realistic manner

reality /ɹiˈæləti/ /ɹiˈælɪti/ n
rzeczywistość
a real entity, event etc.
an individual observer's subjective perception
rzeczywistość jawa
entirety of all that is real
rzeczywistość realność
state of being actual or real

reality show n
reality show
a reality television program

realization /-laɪˈzeɪʃən/ /ˌɹiə-/ /ˌɹiəlɪˈzeɪʃən/ /ˌɹɪəlaɪˈzeɪʃən/ n
realizacja
act of making real
result of an artistic effort
uświadomienie
act of figuring out or becoming aware

realize /ˈɹi.ə.laɪz/ /ˈɹɪə.laɪz/ v
realizować
to sell
realizować urzeczywistniać zrealizować tworzyć urzeczywistnić ziszczać
to make real
spostrzec uświadomić sobie zdawać sobie sprawę zdać sobie sprawę
to become aware of

really /ˈɹeɪlɪ/ /ˈɹi.əli/ /ˈɹili/ /ˈɹɪli/ /ˈɹɪə.li/ /ˈɹɪə.liː/ [-li] [ˈɹʷeə̯ɫiː] [ˈɹʷiə̯-] [ˈɹʷɪə̯lɪ] [ˈɹʷɪː-] adv
naprawdę
informally, as an intensifier; very, very much
naprawdę zaiste zaprawdę
actually

really /ˈɹeɪlɪ/ /ˈɹi.əli/ /ˈɹili/ /ˈɹɪli/ /ˈɹɪə.li/ /ˈɹɪə.liː/ [-li] [ˈɹʷeə̯ɫiː] [ˈɹʷiə̯-] [ˈɹʷɪə̯lɪ] [ˈɹʷɪː-] interjection
czyżby doprawdy naprawdę
indicating surprise at, or requesting confirmation of, some new information
doprawdy
indicating displeasure at another person's behaviour
naprawdę właśnie
indicating affirmation, agreement

realm /ɹɛlm/ n
domena
domain of an abstraction
królestwo
territory or state
sfera
sphere of influence

realpolitik /ɹeɪˈɑlpoʊlɪˌtik/ /ɹeɪˈɑːlpɒlɪˌtiːk/ /ɹiˈɑlpoʊlɪˌtik/ n
Realpolitik
pragmatic international government policy

ream /ɹiːm/ n
ryza
bundle of paper

ream /ɹiːm/ v
poszerzać rozwiercać
to enlarge a hole

reamer /ˈɹi.məɹ/ n
rozwiertak
tool for boring

reanimation n
reanimacja
act of reanimating

reap /ɹip/ /ɹiːp/ v
kosić żąć
to cut with a sickle or other implement

reap what one sows /ˌɹip wɑt wʌn ˈsoʊz/ /ˌɹiːp (h)wɒt wʌn ˈsəʊz/ v
nawarzyłeś piwa, to musisz je teraz wypić
to receive as a return or reward in the same measure as one’s exertions or intentions

reaper /ˈɹiːpɚ/ n
żeniec żniwiarz
one who reaps

rear /ɹiɹ/ /ɹɪə/ /ɹɪɹ/ adj
tylny zadni
being behind, or in the hindmost part

rear /ɹiɹ/ /ɹɪə/ /ɹɪɹ/ v
stanąć dęba
to rise on the hind legs

rear-view mirror n
lusterko wsteczne
mirror inside a vehicle giving view of the traffic behind

rearguard /ˈɹɪəɹˌɡɑɹd/ n
ariergarda straż tylna
the rearmost part of a force

rearmament n
przezbrojenie remilitaryzacja
the process of rearming

reason /ˈɹiːzən/ n
powód
motive for an action or determination
powód racja
excuse, explanation: thought or consideration offered in support of a determination
przyczyna powód
that which causes: a cause
rozum
(the capacity of the human mind for) rational thinking

reason /ˈɹiːzən/ v
przekonać przekonywać
to converse; to compare opinions
rozumować
to deduce by being rational

reasonable /ˈɹiː.zən.ə.bəl/ /ˈɹiːz.nə.bəl/ [ˈɹɪiz.nə.bəl] adj
rozsądny
not expensive; fairly priced
satysfakcjonujący
satisfactory
uzasadniony
just; fair; agreeable to reason

reasoning /ˈɹiːzənɪŋ/ n
argumentacja dowodzenie
deduction of inferences or interpretations

reasonless adj
bezprzyczynowy

reasonlessness n
bezprzyczynowość

reassortant adj
mający materiał genetyczny z wielu wirusów

reassumption n
reasumpcja
Assumption again or anew

reassure /ɹiəˈʃʊə(ɹ)/ /ɹiəˈʃʊɹ/ v
upewniać upewnić
to assure anew; to restore confidence to; to free from fear or self-doubt

reave /ɹiːv/ v
grabić ograbić plądrować splądrować
to plunder, pillage, rob, pirate, or remove

rebel /ˈɹɛbəl/ n
buntownik buntowniczka powstaniec
person who resists an established authority

rebel /ɹɪˈbɛl/ v
buntować się
to resist or become defiant towards

rebellion /ɹɪˈbɛl.i.ən/ n
bunt
defiance
powstanie bunt rebelia rewolta
armed resistance

rebetiko n
rebetiko
type of Greek urban folk music

rebirth /ɹiˈbɜːθ/ /ɹiˈbɝθ/ n
odrodzenie
revival, reinvigoration

rebook v
przebukować przebukowywać
To book again

reboot /ɹiːˈbuːt/ /ˈɹiːbuːt/ n
ponowne uruchomienie ponowny rozruch restart
instance of rebooting

reboot /ɹiːˈbuːt/ /ˈɹiːbuːt/ v
uruchomić ponownie
To execute a computer's boot process and reload the operating system

reborn adj
wskrzeszony
reincarnated

rebuild /ɹiːˈbɪld/ /ˈɹiːbɪld/ v
odbudować odbudowywać
to build again

rebuke /ɹiˈbjuːk/ /ɹɪˈbjuːk/ n
besztanina zbesztanie
harsh criticism

rebuke /ɹiˈbjuːk/ /ɹɪˈbjuːk/ v
zbesztać besztać rugać zrugać
to criticise harshly; to reprove

rebus /ˈɹibəs/ /ˈɹiːbəs/ n
rebus
arrangement of pictures, etc., representing phrases or words, especially as a word puzzle

rebut /ɹɪ.ˈbʌt/ v
obalać
deny the truth of something
odrzucać
drive back or beat back; to repulse

recall /ɹiˈkɑl/ /ɹiˈkɔl/ /ɹɪˈkɑl/ /ɹɪˈkɔl/ /ɹɪˈkɔːl/ /ˈɹiˌkɑl/ /ˈɹiˌkɔl/ /ˈɹiːkɔːl/ [ɹiˈkʰɑɫ] [ɹɪˈkʰɑɫ] n
odwołanie pamięć pokrycie przywołanie

recapitulation /ɹiː.kəˌpɪ.t͡ʃəˈleɪ.ʃ(ə)n/ /ˌɹiːkəˌpɪtjʊˈleɪʃ(ə)n/ n
streszczenie
subsequent enumeration of the major points

recede /ɹɪˈsiːd/ v
wycofać się wycofywać się
move back, move away

receipt /ɹiːˈsiːp/ /ɹɪˈsiːt/ n
paragon kwit
written acknowledgement
przyjęcie
act of receiving

receive /ɹɪˈsiːv/ v
otrzymać dostać
to take what is offered, accept from another

receiver /ɹəˈsi.vɚ/ /ɹɪˈsiː.və/ n
odbiorca biorca odbiorczyni
person who receives
odbiornik
electronic device
electronic device that receives and converts signal
słuchawka
telephone handset

receivership n
zarząd syndyka
trusteeship in bankruptcy

recent /ˈɹiːsənt/ adj
niedawny ostatni świeży
having happened a short while ago

recently /ˈɹiːsəntli/ adv
niedawno ostatnio ostatnimi czasy
in the recent past

reception /ɹɪˈsɛp.ʃn̩/ n
odbiór przyjęcie
act of receiving
przyjęcie recepcja
social engagement
recepcja przyjęcie
front desk
zasięg przyjęcie
electronics: act or ability to receive signals

receptionist /ɹɪˈsɛpʃənɪst/ n
recepcjonista recepcjonistka
employee who receives visitors and/or calls, typically in an office setting

receptive /ɹəˈsɛptɪv/ /ɹɪˈsɛptɪv/ adj
chłonny
capable of receiving something

receptor /ɹɪˈsɛp.tə/ /ɹɪˈsɛp.tɚ/ n
receptor
a protein on a cell wall that responds to sensory stimuli
any specialized cell or structure that responds to sensory stimuli

recess /ɹiˈsɛs/ /ɹəˈsɛs/ /ɹɪˈsɛs/ /ˈɹiˌsɛs/ /ˈɹiːsɛs/ n
zakamarek
depressed, hollow, or indented space
obscure, remote, or secret situation

recession /ɹɪˈsɛʃn̩/ n
recesja
period of reduced economic activity
act or instance of receding

recharge one's batteries v
naładować akumulatory ładować akumulatory

recidivism n
recydywa
committing new offenses after being punished for a crime

recidivist /ɹɪˈsɪdəvɪst/ /ɹɪˈsɪdɪvɪst/ n
recydywista recydywistka
one who falls back into prior habits, especially criminal habits

recipe /ˈɹɛs.ə.pi/ /ˈɹɛs.ɪ.pi/ n
przepis
instructions for making or preparing food dishes
przepis recepta
plan or procedure to obtain a given end result

recipient /ɹəˈsɪp.i.ənt/ /ɹɪ.ˈsɪ.pi.ənt/ n
biorca
individual receiving donor organs or tissues
biorca odbiorca odbiorczyni
one who receives

reciprocal /ɹɪˈsɪpɹək(ə)l/ adj
odwrotny
done, given, felt, or owed in return
wzajemny obopólny obustronny
done by each of two people towards the other

reciprocal /ɹɪˈsɪpɹək(ə)l/ n
odwrotność
in mathematics

recital /ɹɪˈsaɪtl̩/ n
motyw
a formal explanation of the reasons on which the transaction is founded
recital
a vocal, instrumental or visual performance by a soloist

recitation /ˌɹɛsəˈteɪʃən/ n
recytacja deklamacja
act of reciting
tekst
material recited

recitative /ɹɛsɪtəˈtiːv/ /ɹɛˈsaɪtətɪv/ /ˈɹɛsɪteɪtɪv/ n
recytatyw
dialogue in an opera etc.

recite /ɹɪˈsaɪt/ v
recytować wyrecytować
to repeat aloud some passage, poem or other text
to list or enumerate something

reciter n
recytator recytatorka
one who recites

reckless /ˈɹɛkləs/ adj
lekkomyślny nierozważny
careless or heedless; headstrong or rash
lekkomyślny zawadiacki
indifferent to danger or the consequences

recklessly adv
bez głowy
in a reckless manner

reckoning /ˈɹɛkn̩ɪŋ/ /ˈɹɛkənɪŋ/ n
rozliczenie
the action of calculating or estimating something

recliner n
leżanka
hinged chair

reclusive /ɹɪˈkluːsɪv/ adj
pustelniczy samotniczy
preferring privacy

recognizable adj
rozpoznawalny
able to be recognized

recognize /ˈɹɛk.ən.aɪz/ /ˈɹɛk.əɡ.naɪz/ /ˈɹɛk.ɪɡ.naɪz/ v
rozpoznać poznać rozpoznawać
to match in memory; to know from a previous encounter
uznawać uznać
to acknowledge the existence or legality of

recoil /ɹɪˈkɔɪl/ /ˈɹiːkɔɪl/ n
odrzut
pushback from a fired firearm

recoilless adj
bezodrzutowy

recollection /ɹɛkəˈlɛkʃən/ n
wspomnienia
act of recalling to the memory

recombination n
rekombinacja
in genetics

recommend /ɹɛkəˈmɛnd/ v
polecać polecić
to commend to the favorable notice of another

recommendation /ˌɹɛkəmənˈdeɪʃən/ /ˌɹɛkəmɛnˈdeɪʃən/ n
rekomendacja
act of recommending
rekomendacja polecenie zalecenie
that which is recommended

recompense /ˌɹɛkəmˈpɛns/ n
rekompensata
that which compensates for a harm done

recompense /ˌɹɛkəmˈpɛns/ v
odwdzięczyć się
to reward or repay (someone) for something done, given etc.
zrekompensować
to give compensation

reconceptualize v
konceptualizować jeszcze raz

reconcile /ɹɪˈkɒnsaɪl/ /ˈɹɛkənsaɪl/ v
godzić godzić się jednać jednać się pogodzić pogodzić się
to restore a friendly relationship (transitive)
godzić pogodzić
to make things compatible or consistent
wyrównać wyrównywać
to make the net difference in credits and debits of a financial account agree with the balance

reconciliation /ˌɹɛk(ə)nsɪlɪˈeɪʃ(ə)n/ /ˌɹɛkənˌsɪliˈeɪʃ(ə)n/ n
pojednanie pogodzenie zgoda porozumienie ugoda
re-establishment of friendly relations
rekoncyliacja
Roman Catholic sacrament

reconnaissance /ɹɪˈkɒnəsəns/ n
rekonesans zwiad
act of gathering information

reconnoiter /ˌɹɛkəˈnɔɪtə/ /ˌɹɛkəˈnɔɪtɚ/ [ˌɹʷɛkəˈnɔɪ̯tʰə] [ˌɹˠɛkəˈnɔɪ̯ɾɚ] v
badać teren przeprowadzać rekonesans
perform a reconnaissance

reconsider v
ponownie rozważać ponownie rozważyć
to consider a matter thought already to have been decided

reconsideration n
ponowne rozpatrzenie przemyślenie
the act of reconsidering or something reconsidered

reconstruct /ˌɹiːkənˈstɹʌkt/ v
rekonstruować
to construct again

reconstructible adj
rekonstruowalny
able to be reconstructed

reconstruction n
odtworzenie rekonstrukcja
attempt to understand
act of restoring
rekonstrukcja
something reconstructed or restored

recook v
odgrzać
cook again

record /ˈɹɛk.ɔɹd/ /ˈɹɛk.ɔːd/ /ˈɹɛk.ɚd/ adj
rekordowy

record /ˈɹɛk.ɔɹd/ /ˈɹɛk.ɔːd/ /ˈɹɛk.ɚd/ n
płyta analog płyta gramofonowa
phonograph record
rekord
most extreme known value of some achievement
computing: set of data relating to a single individual or item
zapis
information put into a lasting physical medium

record /ɹɨˈkɔːd/ /ɹɪˈkɔɹd/ v
nagrać
make an audio or video recording of
notować
make a record of

record label n
wytwórnia płytowa label wytwórnia
record company

record player n
gramofon adapter
analogue electronic device for playing gramophone records

record-breaking adj
rekordowy
exceeding the highest previously recorded level in that activity

recorder n
nagrywarka rejestrator
recording device
flet prosty
musical instrument

recording n
nagranie
act of storing sound, video, etc. in a permanent medium
reproduction stored in a permanent medium

recount /ɹɪˈkaʊnt/ v
opowiedzieć opowiadać
to tell, narrate

recover /ɹɪˈkʌvə/ /ɹɪˈkʌvɚ/ v
wyzdrowieć zdrowieć
intransitive: to get better, regain health

recovery /ɹəˈkʌvəɹi/ /ɹəˈkʌvɹi/ /ɹɪˈkʌvəɹi/ /ɹɪˈkʌvɹi/ n
poprawa powrót do zdrowia rekonwalescencja zdrowienie
return to normal health

recreate /ɹiːkɹɪˈeɪt/ v
odtwarzać odtworzyć
create anew

recreation /ɹɛkɹiˈeɪʃən/ n
wypoczynek rekreacja
activity that diverts, amuses or stimulates

recreational drug n
narkotyk rekreacyjny

recreational vehicle n
kamper
vehicle or trailer

recruit /ɹɪˈkɹut/ /ɹɪˈkɹuːt/ n
rekrut rekrutka
newly enlisted soldier

recruit /ɹɪˈkɹut/ /ɹɪˈkɹuːt/ v
rekrutować zrekrutować
to supply with new men, as an army
werbować rekrutować zrekrutować zwerbować
to enroll or enlist new members or potential employees

recruitment /rɪˈkruːt.mənt / n
rekrutacja werbunek
process or art of finding candidates or recruits

rectal /ˈrɛk.təl/ adj
doodbytniczy rektalny
Of, via or related to the rectum

rectangle /ˈrɛktæŋɡl̩/ n
prostokąt
quadrilateral

rectangular /ɹɛkˈtæŋɡjəlɚ/ /ɹɛkˈtæŋɡjʊlə/ adj
prostokątny
having a shape like a rectangle

rectangular number n
liczba prostokątna
number which is the product of two consecutive integers

rectified spirit n
spirytus
purified alcohol

rectify /ˈɹɛktəˌfaɪ/ v
destylować
to purify or refine by distillation
poprawiać poprawić
to correct or amend something
prostować
to convert alternating current into direct current

rectilinear /ˌɹɛktɪˈlɪniɚ/ /ˌɹɛktɪˈlɪnɪə/ adj
prostoliniowy
in a straight line

rectitude /ˈɹɛk.tə.tjuːd/ /ˈɹɛk.tə.tuːd/ /ˈɹɛk.tɪ.tjuːd/ n
prawość
rightness of principle or practice

rector /ˈɹɛktə/ /ˈɹɛktɚ/ n
proboszcz
cleric in charge of a parish
rektor
headmaster

rectum /ˈɹɛktəm/ n
odbytnica
terminal part of the large intestine

recumbent n
rower poziomy
special type of bicycle

recuperate /ɹɪˈk(j)uːpəˌɹeɪt/ v
wyzdrowieć zdrowieć
recover from illness

recuperation n
rekonwalescencja
convalescence

recurring /rɪˈkəːrɪŋ/ adj
okresowy
math:having a set of digits that is repeated indefinitely

recursion /ɹɪˈkɜː(ɹ)ʒən/ n
rekurencja
in mathematics

recursive /ɹɪˈkɜː(ɹ)sɪv/ adj
rekurencyjny
computing: of a program or function that calls itself
mathematics: of an expression, in which each term is determined by applying a formula to preceding terms

recursively enumerable adj
rekurencyjnie przeliczalny
computing theory: of a set, such that there exists a deterministic algorithm which will list all the items in the set and no others

recyclable adj
przetwarzalny recyklingowalny
able to be recycled

recycle /ɹiˈsaɪkəl/ /ɹəˈsaɪkəl/ /ɹɪˈsaɪkəl/ v
przetwarzać przetworzyć poddawać recyklingowi
to break down and reuse component materials

recycle bin n
kosz
(computing) in Microsoft Windows, a storage location for deleted files

recycling n
recykling recyklizacja
the practice of sorting and collecting waste materials for new use

red /ɹɛd/ [ɻʷɛˑd̥] adj
czerwony czerwień
having red as its colour
left-wing, socialist or communist
rudy czerwony
of hair: orange-brown

red /ɹɛd/ [ɻʷɛˑd̥] n
czerwień czerwony
colour

red as a beetroot adj
czerwony jak burak
being the colour of a beetroot

red bandfish n
wstęgówka
Cepola macrophthalma

red blood cell n
erytrocyt czerwona krwinka
haemoglobin-carrying blood cell in vertebrates

red cabbage n
czerwona kapusta
a variety of cabbage having red leaves

red card n
czerwona kartka
sports: card

red carpet n
czerwony dywan
a strip of red carpet laid for a VIP

red cent n
grosz złamany szeląg
a very small amount of money in the negative

red clover n
koniczyna
Trifolium pratense

red crossbill n
krzyżodziób świerkowy
Loxia curvirostra

red currant /ˈɹɛdˌkɜɹənt/ /ˈɹɛdˌkʌɹənt/ n
czerwona porzeczka
fruit
czerwona porzeczka porzeczka zwyczajna
plant

red deer n
jeleń szlachetny
Cervus elaphus

red dwarf n
czerwony karzeł
small star

red flag n
czerwona flaga
a cue, warning, or alert; a sign or signal that something is wrong

red fox n
lis rudy
Vulpes vulpes

red giant n
czerwony olbrzym
large red star

red grouse n
pardwa szkocka
Lagopus lagopus scotica

red guard n
czerwonogwardzista hunwejbin
Red Guards (China)

red herring n
fałszywy trop podpucha
misleading clue

red junglefowl n
bankiwa kur bankiwa
Gallus gallus

red kite n
kania ruda
Milvus milvus

red knot n
biegus rdzawy
the bird Calidris canutus

red line n
czerwona linia
a boundary or limit which should not be crossed

red meat n
czerwone mięso
meat

red mullet n
barwena
fish of the genus Mullus

red panda n
panda mała
Ailurus fulgens

red phalarope n
płatkonóg płaskodzioby
Phalaropus fulicarius

red phosphorus n
fosfor czerwony
allotrope of phosphorus

red rag n
czerwona płachta
something that will enrage another particular person

red squirrel n
wiewiórka pospolita
Sciurus vulgaris

red supergiant n
czerwony nadolbrzym
type of star

red tape n
biurokracja biurokratyzm biuralizm
excessive bureaucracy

red valerian n
ostrogowiec
Centranthus ruber

red wine n
czerwone wino
red coloured wine

red-backed shrike n
gąsiorek
medium-sized bird

red-bellied piranha n
pirania natterera
the fish

red-breasted flycatcher n
muchołówka mała
Ficedula parva

red-breasted goose n
bernikla rdzawoszyja
Branta ruficollis

red-breasted merganser n
szlachar
Mergus serrator

red-crowned crane n
żuraw mandżurski
Grus japonensis

red-eye /ˈɹɛdaɪ/ /ˈɹɛdˌaɪ/ n
czerwone oczy efekt czerwonych oczu
redness in the eye(s) of someone in a colour photograph
wzdręga
Scardinius erythrophthalmus

red-flanked bluetail n
modraczek modraczek zwyczajny
Tarsiger cyanurus

red-handed adj
na gorącym uczynku
in the act of wrongdoing

red-light district n
dzielnica czerwonych latarni
area of prostitution

red-necked grebe n
perkoz rdzawoszyi
Podiceps grisegena

red-necked phalarope n
płatkonóg szydłodzioby
Phalaropus lobatus

red-necked stint n
biegus rdzawoszyi
Calidris ruficollis

red-rumped swallow n
jaskółka rudawa
Cecropis daurica

red-tailed shrike n
dzierzba rdzawosterna
Lanius phoenicuroides

red-tailed squirrel n
wiewiórka rudoogonowa
species of squirrel

red-throated thrush n
drozd rdzawogardły drozd różnogardły
Turdus ruficollis

red-winged blackbird n
epoletnik krasnoskrzydły
Agelaius phoeniceus

redden /ˈɹɛdn̩/ v
czerwienieć czerwienić się poczerwienieć sczerwienieć
to become red
czerwienić poczerwienić
to make red

reddish /ˈɹɛdɪʃ/ adj
czerwonawy
resembling the colour red
quite red; red to a certain extent

redeem /ɹɪˈdiːm/ v
odkupić odkupywać
to liberate by payment of ransom
to recover ownership of something by paying a sum
to save from a state of sin
spieniężać
to convert into cash

redeemer n
odkupiciel zbawiciel
one who redeems

redefine v
przedefiniować przedefiniowywać
to give a new or different definition to a word

redefinition n
przedefiniowanie
act or event of redefining

redemarcation n
redemarkacja

redemption /ɹɪˈdɛmpʃən/ n
odkupienie zbawienie
salvation from sin

redeploy v
przerzucać przerzucić przesunąć przesuwać
rearrange military forces

redeployment n
przerzucenie przesunięcie
act of redeploying

redheaded adj
rudowłosy rudy
having red hair

redirection /ɹiːdaɪˈɹɛkʃən/ /ɹiːdəˈɹɛkʃən/ /ɹiːdɪˈɹɛkʃən/ n
przekierowanie
setting a new direction

redistribute /ˌɹi.dɪˈstɹɪb.jut/ /ˌɹiː.dɪˈstɹɪb.juːt/ /ˌɹiːˈdɪs.tɹɪb.juːt/ v
dystrybuować ponownie rozdystrybuować ponownie
distribute again

redistribution /ˌɹiːdɪstɹəˈbjuːʃən/ n
redystrybucja
act of changing the distribution of resources

redly adv
czerwono
in a red manner

redneck /ˈɹɛdnɛk/ n
burak
uneducated, unsophisticated person

redness n
zaczerwienienie
red discoloration

redo /ɹiˈduː/ /ˈɹiːdu/ v
przerabiać przerobić
to do again

redolence /ˈɹed.ə.ləns/ /ˈɹɛd.ə.ləns/ /ˈɹɛd.əʊ.ləns/ n
aromat zapach
the quality of being redolent
przywołujący zapach
an evocative fragrance

redolent /ˈɹed.ə.lənt/ /ˈɹɛd.ə.lənt/ /ˈɹɛd.əʊ.lənt/ adj
pachnący
fragrant or aromatic
having a smell
przywołujący
suggestive or reminiscent

redpoll n
czeczotka
finch

redshank n
brodziec
Old World wading bird

redshift /ˈɹɛdˌʃɪft/ n
przesunięcie ku czerwieni
change in wavelength

redskin n
czerwonoskóry
an American Indian

redstart n
pleszka
ground-feeding bird

reduce /ɹɪˈd(j)us/ /ɹɪˈdjuːs/ /ɹɪˈd͡ʒuːs/ v
degradować schudnąć stracić na wadzę zdegradować zeszczupleć
obniżać obniżyć zmniejszać zmniejszyć
to bring down the size, quantity, quality, value or intensity of something
skracać skrócić upraszczać uprościć
math: to simplify an equation or formula without changing its value
wytapiać wytopić
metallurgy: to produce metal from ore by removing nonmetallic elements in a smelter

reducer n
złączka redukcyjna
plumbing component

redundant /ɹɪˈdʌn.dənt/ adj
nadmiarowy nadmierny redundantny
superfluous
rozwlekły
needlessly wordy

redwing n
droździk
Turdus iliacus

redwood n
sekwoja wieczniezielona
the species Sequoia sempervirens

reed /ɹiːd/ n
instrument drewniany
music: instrument
stroik
music: part of mouthpiece
trzcina
grass-like plant
hollow stem

reed bed n
szuwar
place where reeds grow

reed bunting n
potrzos
Emberiza schoeniclus

reed switch n
kontaktron
type of electrical switch

reed warbler n
trzcinniczek
Acrocephalus scirpaceus

reedy /ˈɹiː.di/ adj
trzcinowy
full of reeds

reef /ɹiːf/ n
rafa
rocks at or near surface of the water

reef /ɹiːf/ v
refować
sailing

reek /riːk/ n
fetor smród
unpleasant smell

reel /ɹiːl/ v
chwiać się zataczać się
to walk shakily or unsteadily
krążyć kręcić się wirować
to spin or revolve repeatedly
motać namotać nawijać nawinąć
to wind on a reel

reel off v
snuć
list effortlessly and quickly

reelection n
reelekcja
the act of being elected after already being elected once

reenactor n
odtwórca odtwórczyni
one who reenacts
rekonstruktor rekonstruktorka
participant of a historical reenactment

reexport n
reeksport
export of an imported good

refectory /ɹɪˈfɛkt(ə)ɹi/ n
refektarz
dining-hall

refer /ɹɪˈfɜː/ /ɹɪˈfɝ/ v
odnosić się
to allude to (grammar term)
skierować
to direct to a source for help or information
to submit to an authority figure for consideration

referee /ˌɹɛf.əˈɹiː/ /ˌɹɛfəˈɹiː/ n
sędzia arbiter
sport: umpire, judge of a game

referee /ˌɹɛf.əˈɹiː/ /ˌɹɛfəˈɹiː/ v
sędziować
to act as a judge of a game or contest

reference /ˈɹɛf.(ə)ɹəns//ˈɹɛfɹəns//ˈɹɛfɹənt͡s/ /ˈɹɛfəɹɛns/ n
referencja
computing: object containing information which refers to data stored elsewhere

reference /ˈɹɛf.(ə)ɹəns//ˈɹɛfɹəns//ˈɹɛfɹənt͡s/ /ˈɹɛfəɹɛns/ v
odnosić się do
to refer to

reference work n
informator poradnik vademecum
compendium of information

referendum /ˌɹɛfəˈɹɛndəm/ n
referendum
direct popular vote

referent /ˈɹɛf(ə)ɹənt/ /ˈɹɛfəɹənt/ n
desygnat
that which a term denotes

referral /ɹɪˈfɜːɹəl/ /ɹɪˈfɝəl/ n
skierowanie
act or process of transferring

refill /ˈɹiː.fɪl/ n
dolewka
a filling after the first
wkład
product containing replacement materials

refinance v
refinansować
renew the terms of a loan

refinement /ɹəˈfaɪnmənt/ /ɹɪˈfaɪnmənt/ n
elegancja
high-class style; cultivation

refinery /rɪˈfaɪnərɪ/ n
rafineria
building used to produce refined products

reflation /ɹiːˈfleɪʃən/ n
reflacja
the act of restoring deflated prices

reflect /ɹɪˈflɛkt/ v
odbijać się odbić się
to be mirrored
odbijać odbić
to bend back from a surface
to mirror, or show the image of something
odbić się odbijać się
to be bent back from a surface

reflecting telescope n
reflektor

reflection /ɹɪˈflɛkʃən/ n
odbicie
act of reflecting; the state of being reflected
something that is reflected
odbicie refleks
property of a propagated wave

reflector /ɹɪˈflɛktə(ɹ)/ n
odblask
small reflecting disk on a vehicle

reflex /ɹɪˈflɛks/ /ˈɹiːflɛks/ n
odruch refleks automat
automatic response

reflex angle n
kąt wklęsły
angle greater than 180 degrees but less than 360 degrees

reflex camera n
lustrzanka

reflexive /ɹəˈflɛksɪv/ adj
zwrotny
in grammar
in mathematics

reflexive pronoun n
zaimek zwrotny
a part of speech

reflexive verb n
czasownik zwrotny
verb with equivalent subject and direct object

reforest v
ponownie zalesiać ponownie zalesić
replant

reforestation n
ponowne zalesianie
replanting

reform /ɹəˈfɔɹm/ /ɹɪˈfɔɹm/ /ɹɪˈfɔːm/ /ˌɹiːˈfɔɹm/ /ˌɹiːˈfɔːm/ n
reforma
amendment

reform /ɹəˈfɔɹm/ /ɹɪˈfɔɹm/ /ɹɪˈfɔːm/ /ˌɹiːˈfɔɹm/ /ˌɹiːˈfɔːm/ v
reformować zreformować
to put into a new and improved form or condition

reform school n
dom poprawczy poprawczak zakład poprawczy
institution for juveniles

reformed adj
reformowany
of the whole body of Protestant churches originating in the Reformation

reformer n
reformator reformatorka
one who reforms, or who works for reform

refraction /ɹəˈfɹækʃən/ n
refrakcja
bending of any wave

refractive index n
współczynnik załamania
ratio of the speed of light in vacuum to another medium

refrain /ɹɪˈfɹeɪn/ n
refren
burden of song

refrain /ɹɪˈfɹeɪn/ v
powstrzymać się powstrzymywać się
to keep oneself from action
powstrzymać powstrzymywać
to abstain (from)

refresh /ɹiˈfɹɛʃ/ /ɹɪˈfɹɛʃ/ v
odnawiać odświeżyć
to renew or revitalize
odświeżać
computing: to cause to refresh a display
computing: to reload a document, web page etc.

refresh someone's memory v
odświeżać komuś pamięć odświeżyć komuś pamięć

refreshing /ɹəˈfɹɛʃɪŋ/ adj
odświeżający
refreshing

refrigerator /ɹəˈfɹɪd͡ʒəˌɹeɪɾɚ/ /ɹɪˈfɹɪd͡ʒəˌɹeɪtə/ /ɹɪˈfɹɪd͡ʒəˌɹeɪɾɚ/ n
lodówka chłodziarka
appliance

refuge /ˈɹɛfjuːd͡ʒ/ n
schronisko azyl przytułek schronienie
place providing safety, protection or shelter
schronisko azyl schronienie
state of safety, protection or shelter

refuge island n
azyl
raised platform or other protective barrier in the middle of a street

refugee /ɹɛfjʊˈd͡ʒiː/ /ˈɹɛfjʊd͡ʒiː/ n
uchodźca
person granted formal asylum
person seeking economic asylum
uchodźca uchodźczyni
person seeking political asylum
person seeking refuge from natural disaster

refugee camp n
obóz dla uchodźców obóz dla uchodźców

refugium n
ostoja
habitat

refund /ɹɪˈfʌnd/ /ˈɹiːfʌnd/ n
zwrot
amount of money returned

refund /ɹɪˈfʌnd/ /ˈɹiːfʌnd/ v
refundować zrefundować
to return (money) to (someone)

refurbish /ɹiˈfɝbɪʃ/ /ɹiːˈfɜːbɪʃ/ v
odnawiać odświeżać
rebuild or replenish

refusal /ɹɪˈfjuːzl̩/ n
odmowa
the act of refusing

refuse /ˈɹɛfjuːs/ n
odrzuty
items or material that have been discarded

refuse /ɹɪˈfjuːz/ v
odmówić
(intransitive) decline a request or demand
odrzucać
(transitive) decline (request, demand)

regain /ɹiːˈɡeɪn/ /ˈɹiːɡeɪn/ v
odzyskać
to get back, to recover possession of

regalia /ɹəˈɡeɪl.i.ə/ n
regalia
emblems, symbols or paraphernalia
royal rights, prerogatives and privileges

regard /ɹɪˈɡɑɹd/ /ɹɪˈɡɑːd/ n
respekt szacunek
concern for another

regarding /ɹɪˈɡɑɹdɪŋ/ /ɹɪˈɡɑːdɪŋ/ preposition
odnośnie
concerning

regardless of preposition
bez względu na niezależnie od
without attention to

regards /ɹɪˈɡɑɹdz/ /ɹɪˈɡɑːdz/ n
pozdrawiam
greeting at the end of a letter
pozdrowienie
greeting to pass to another person

regatta /ɹɪˈɡætə/ /ɹɪˈɡɑtə/ n
regaty
boat race

regency /ˈɹiːd͡ʒənsi/ n
regencja
system of government

regent /ˈɹiːd͡ʒənt/ n
regent regentka
one who rules in place of the monarch

reggae /ˈɹɛɡeɪ/ n
reggae
music genre

regicide /ˈɹɛd͡ʒəsaɪd/ n
królobójca
one who kills a king
królobójstwo
the killing of a king

regift /ɹiˈɡɪft/ n
prezent przechodni
thing given as a gift that was previously received as a gift

regime /ɹeɪˈʒiːm/ /ɹəˈʒiːm/ /ˈɹeɪʒiːm/ n
reżim
mode of rule or management
reżim reżym ustrój
form of government

regime change n
transformacja ustrojowa
overthrow of a government

regiment /ˈɹɛd͡ʒɪmənt/ n
pułk regiment
army unit

region /ˈɹiːd͡ʒən/ [ˈɹiːd͡ʒn̩] n
region obwód
an administrative subdivision
region okolica obszar rejon
any considerable and connected part of a space or surface

regional /ˈɹiːd͡ʒnəl/ /ˈɹiːd͡ʒənəl/ adj
regionalny
pertaining to a specific region

regional power n
mocarstwo lokalne mocarstwo regionalne

regionalism n
regionalizm
linguistic characteristic
political tendency

register /ˈɹɛd͡ʒ.ɪs.tə/ /ˈɹɛd͡ʒ.ɪs.tɚ/ n
dziennik
formal recording
rejestr
computing: part of the central processing unit used to store and manipulate numbers
book of such entries

register /ˈɹɛd͡ʒ.ɪs.tə/ /ˈɹɛd͡ʒ.ɪs.tɚ/ v
rejestrować zarejestrować
to enter in a register

register office n
urząd stanu cywilnego
the local office in which births, marriages and deaths are registered, and in which civil marriages are conducted

registered mail n
list polecony / polecony
type of mail

registration n
rejestracja
the act of signing up or registering for something

regolith /ˈɹɛɡəlɪθ/ n
regolit
layer of loose rock that constitutes the surface of most land

regress /ɹɪˈɡɹɛs/ /ˈɹiːˌɡɹɛs/ v
cofać uwsteczniać uwsteczniać się
to move backwards to an earlier stage

regression /ɹiːˈɡɹɛʃ.ən/ /ɹəˈɡɹeʃ.ən/ /ɹəˈɡɹɛʃ.ən/ /ɹɪˈɡɹɛʃ.ən/ n
regres cofnięcie regresja uwstecznienie
return to a previous state

regressive adj
regresywny
whose rate decreases as the amount increases

regressive assimilation n
upodobnienie wsteczne
phonology: sound change process

regret /ɹiˈɡɹɛt/ /ɹəˈɡɹɛt/ /ɹɪˈɡɹɛt/ n
żal
instance of such an emotion

regret /ɹiˈɡɹɛt/ /ɹəˈɡɹɛt/ /ɹɪˈɡɹɛt/ v
żałować
feel sorry about some past thing

regrettable adj
godny pożałowania godny ubolewania
of an event, action, or state, allowing or deserving regret

regroup /ɹiːˈɡɹuːp/ /ˈɹiːɡɹuːp/ v
przegrupować się przegrupowywać się zbierać myśli zebrać myśli
pause and get organized again (intransitive)
przegrupować przegrupowywać
group or categorize again (transitive)

regrouping n
przegrupowanie
act or result of grouping again

regrow v
odrastać odrosnąć
to sprout afresh

regular /ˈɹɛɡ.jə.lɚ/ /ˈɹɛɡ.jʊ.lə/ /ˈɹɛɡ.l̩ɚ/ [ˈɹɛɡ.jɪ̈.lɚ] [ˈɹɛɡ.l̩ɚ] adj
foremny
of a polygon: having all sides and corresponding angles equal
of a polyhedron: whose faces are all congruent regular polygons
regularny
having a constant pattern
grammar
happening at constant intervals

regular /ˈɹɛɡ.jə.lɚ/ /ˈɹɛɡ.jʊ.lə/ /ˈɹɛɡ.l̩ɚ/ [ˈɹɛɡ.jɪ̈.lɚ] [ˈɹɛɡ.l̩ɚ] n
bywalczyni bywalec
routine visitor
stała klientka stały klient
frequent customer

regular polygon n
wielokąt foremny
polygon which is both equiangular and equilateral

regularity /ˌɹɛɡjuˈlæɹəti/ n
prawidłowość regularność
condition or quality of being regular

regularly /ˈɹɛɡjəli/ /ˈɹɛɡjəlɚli/ /ˈɹɛɡjʊləli/ adv
regularnie
with constant frequency

regulation /ˌɹɛɡjəˈleɪʃən/ /ˌɹɛɡjʊˈleɪʃən/ n
przepis
law or administrative rule
regulacja
act or condition
rozporządzenie
EU: self-effecting legislative act

regulator /ˈɹɛɡ.ju.leɪt.ɚ/ /ˈɹɛɡ.jə.leɪt.ə/ /ˈɹɛɡ.jə.leɪt.ɚ/ /ˈɹɛɡ.jʊ.leɪt.ə/ n
regulator
device that controls or limits something
person or group that sets standards of practice

rehab /ˈɹiːhæb/ n
rehabilitacja
An act of rehabilitation

rehabilitate /ɹiː(h)əˈbɪlɪteɪt/ v
rehabilitować zrehabilitować
to restore (someone) to their former state, reputation, possessions, status etc.
to restore the reputation or image of
to return to good health after illness

rehabilitation /ˌɹiː.əˌbɪl.ɪˈteɪ.ʃən/ [ˌɹiː.əˌbɪl.ɪˈteɪ.ʃn̩] n
rehabilitacja
process

rehash /ɹiːˈhæʃ/ /ˈɹiːˌhæʃ/ v
odgrzewać
to rework old material, redo some work, with some variations

rehearsal /ɹɪˈhɜːsl̩/ /ɹɪˈhɝsl̩/ n
próba
practicing of performance to test or improve it

rehearse /ɹɪˈhɝs/ [ɹɪˈhɜːs] v
powtarzać
repeat what has already been said

reign /ɹeɪn/ n
panowanie
the period during which a monarch rules
rządy
the exercise of sovereign power

reimbursement /ˌɹiː.ɪmˈbɜːs.mənt/ n
zwrot
compensating someone for an expense

rein /ɹeɪn/ n
lejce cugiel wodze
strap or rope

reincarnate v
wskrzesić wskrzeszać
be reborn

reincarnation /ˌɹiːɪŋkɑː(ɹ)ˈneɪʃən/ n
reinkarnacja odrodzenie
rebirth of a mental capacity in a physical life form

reindeer /ˈɹeɪndɪə/ /ˈɹeɪndɪɹ/ n
renifer karibu
Rangifer tarandus

reindeer moss n
chrobotek reniferowy
Cladonia rangiferina

reinducibility n
zdolność do reindukcji

reinducible adj
zdolny do reindukcji

reindustrialization n
reindustrializacja
the reintroduction of industry

reinette n
reneta
any of various kinds of apple

reinforced concrete n
żelbet
building material

reinforcement /ˌɹiːɪnˈfɔː(ɹ)smənt/ n
posiłki
in plural: additional troops or materiel sent to support a military action
wsparcie wzmocnienie
act or state of reinforcing or being reinforced
thing that reinforces

reinstallation n
reinstalacja
the act or process of reinstalling

reinstate /ɹiː.ɪnˈsteɪt/ v
przywrócić
to restore to a former position or rank

reintegration n
reintegracja
process of reintegrating

reinterpret v
reinterpretować
to interpret again

reinvent the wheel /ˌɹiːɪnˌvɛnt ðə ˈ(h)wiːl/ v
na nowo odkryć koło wynajdywać koło na nowo
do work unnecessarily

reism n
reizm
form of concretism

reissue n
reedycja wznowienie
something that has issued, or been issued, again

reiter /ˈɹʌɪtə/ n
rajtar
German cavalryman

reiterate /ɹiˈɪt.əɹ.eɪt/ v
powtarzać powtórzyć
to say or do for a second time
to say or do repeatedly

reject /ɹɪˈd͡ʒɛkt/ /ˈɹiː.d͡ʒɛkt/ n
odrzut
something that is rejected

reject /ɹɪˈd͡ʒɛkt/ /ˈɹiː.d͡ʒɛkt/ v
odrzucać odrzucić
to refuse to accept

rejection /ɹəˈd͡ʒɛk.ʃən/ /ɹɪˈd͡ʒɛk.ʃən/ n
odmowa odrzucenie
act of rejecting

rejoice /ɹɪˈd͡ʒɔɪs/ v
cieszyć radować
be happy
make happy

rejuvenate /ɹiːˈd͡ʒuːvəneɪt/ /ɹɪˈd͡ʒuːvəneɪt/ v
odmładzać odmłodzić
render young again

rejuvenation n
odmłodzenie
the process of rendering young again

relapse /ɹɪˈlæps/ /ˈɹiːˌlæps/ n
nawrót recydywa
the act or situation of relapsing

relation /ɹɪˈleɪʃən/ n
relacja
mathematics: set of ordered tuples, a Boolean function of two or more arguments
set of ordered tuples retrievable by a database

relational adjective n
przymiotnik relacyjny
adjective derived from a proper noun

relational database n
relacyjna baza danych
relational database

relational model n
model relacyjny
database model

relationship /ɹɪˈleɪ.ʃənˌʃɪp/ [ɹɪˈleɪ.ʃn̩ˌʃɪp] n
pokrewieństwo
kinship
relacja stosunek powiązanie związek
connection or association
stosunek
romantic or sexual involvement

relative /ˈɹɛl.ə.tɪv/ [tʰ] [ɾ] [ˈɹɛl.ə.tʰɪv.li] [ˈɹɛl.ə.tʰɪv] [ˈɹɛl.ə.ɾɪv] adj
relatywny odnośny względny
conditional; depending on something else

relative /ˈɹɛl.ə.tɪv/ [tʰ] [ɾ] [ˈɹɛl.ə.tʰɪv.li] [ˈɹɛl.ə.tʰɪv] [ˈɹɛl.ə.ɾɪv] n
krewny krewna
someone connected by blood, marriage, or adoption; someone in the same family

relative clause n
zdanie względne
type of subordinate clause

relative pitch n
słuch relatywny
the ability to identify or create a given note by comparing it with a reference note and discerning the interval between those two notes

relative pronoun n
zaimek względny
pronoun that introduces a relative clause

relatively /ˈɹɛl.ə.tɪv.li/ [tʰ] [ɾ] [ˈɹɛl.ə.tʰɪv.li] [ˈɹɛl.ə.tʰɪv] [ˈɹɛl.ə.ɾɪv.li] [ˈɹɛl.ə.ɾɪv] adv
stosunkowo odnośnie
proportionally

relativism n
relatywizm
theory that truth and moral values are relative

relativity /ɹɛləˈtɪvɪti/ /ˌɹɛləˈtɪvɪti/ [-ɾi] n
względność
principle that the laws of physics should be the same for all observers
the state of being relative to something else

relativization n
relatywizacja
the act or process of relativizing

relax /ɹɪˈlæks/ v
poluzować rozluźnić
to make something less severe or tense
to make something loose
relaksować się
to calm down
rozluźnić się
to become less severe or tense
łagodzić
to make something (such as codes and regulations) more lenient

relaxation /ˌɹilækˈseɪʃən/ /ˌɹɪlækˈseɪʃən/ n
relaks relaksacja
act of relaxing or the state of being relaxed

relaxed /ɹɪˈlækst/ adj
rozluźniony zrelaksowany
having an easy-going mood

relaxing adj
odprężający
allowing one to relax

relay /ɹiˈleɪ/ /ˈɹiːleɪ/ n
przekaźnik
electrical actuator
sztafeta
athletics discipline

relay /ɹiˈleɪ/ /ˈɹiːleɪ/ v
przekazać przekazywać
to pass on or transfer (information)

relay race n
bieg rozstawny sztafeta
sports contest

release /ɹiˈliːs/ /ɹəˈliːs/ /ɹɪˈliːs/ n
nowość
product made recently available
uwolnienie wyzwolenie
that which is released or let go
wersja wydanie
software: distribution of a computer software product
wyzwolenie
event of setting free

release /ɹiˈliːs/ /ɹəˈliːs/ /ɹɪˈliːs/ v
uwalniać uwolnić
to free or liberate

relegation n
degradacja
act of being relegated

relentless /ɹɪˈlɛntləs/ adj
bezustanny
unremitting, steady and persistent
nieubłagany nieugięty nieustępliwy
unrelenting or unyielding in severity

relentlessly /ɹɪˈlɛntləsli/ adv
bezustannie

relentlessness /ɹɪˈlɛntləsnəs/ n
bezustanność
condition of being relentless

relevance /ˈɹɛl.ə.vən(t)s/ /ˈɹɛl.ɪ.vən(t)s/ n
istotność
property or state of being relevant, pertinency

relevant /ˈɹɛləvənt/ adj
stosowny istotny odpowiedni relatywny związany
directly related, connected, or pertinent to a topic

reliability n
niezawodność
quality of being reliable

reliable /ɹɪˈlaɪəbəl/ adj
niezawodny spolegliwy
fit to be relied on

reliably adv
pewnie rzetelnie solidnie wiarygodnie
in a reliable manner

reliance /ɹɪˈlaɪəns/ n
bluszczowatość bluszczowość poleganie
The condition of being reliant or dependent
zaufanie
The act of relying on someone or something; trust

reliant adj
bluszczowaty bluszczowy polegający zależny
having reliance on somebody or something

relic /ˈɹɛlɪk/ n
przeżytek relikt
old thing, possibly kept for sentimental reasons
relikwia
part of a body or an object of religious significance

relief /ɹɪˈliːf/ n
ulga
removal of stress or discomfort
wyręka
person who takes over a shift
release from a post or duty, as when replaced by another
relief
type of artwork

relieve /ɹɪˈliːv/ v
odciążać odciążyć ulżyć
to give relief from physical pain
ulżyć
to alleviate pain, distress, mental discomfort etc.
to ease from mental distress
to provide comfort or assistance to someone in need, especially in poverty

religiological adj
religioznawczy

religiologist n
religioznawca

religion /ɹɪˈlɪd͡ʒən/ n
religia
system of beliefs dealing with soul, deity and/or life after death

religionist n
religiant
religious zealot

religionless adj
bezreligijny

religiosity /ɹɪˌlɪd͡ʒɪˈɑsəti/ /ɹɪˌlɪd͡ʒɪˈɒsɪti/ n
religijność
quality of being religious

religious /ɹɪ.ˈlɪd͡ʒ.əs/ adj
religijny
concerning religion
committed to the practice of religion

religious order n
zakon
organized community of people following a specific religious devotion

religious studies n
religioznawstwo
study of religious beliefs, behaviours and institutions

relinquish /ɹɪˈlɪŋkwɪʃ/ v
poddawać
to surrender, yield control or possession
porzucać
to give up, abandon
porzucać zwalniać
to let go, physically release

reliquary /ˈɹɛlɪkwəɹi/ /ˈɹɛlɪkwɛɹi/ n
relikwiarz
container for religious relics

relish /ˈɹɛl.ɪʃ/ v
delektować się smakować
to taste or eat with pleasure; to like the flavor of

relive /ɹiːˈlɪv/ v
przeżyć na nowo
to experience again

relocation /ˌɹiːləʊˈkeɪʃən/ n
przeprowadzka przemieszczenie relokacja
moving to another place

reluctance /ɹɪˈlʌktəns/ n
niechęć
unwillingness to do something

reluctant /ɹɪˈlʌktənt/ adj
niechętny
not wanting to take some action

rely /ɹɪˈlaɪ/ v
polegać polegać na
rest with confidence

remain /ɹɪˈmeɪn/ n
pozostałości
That which is left; relic; remainder

remain /ɹɪˈmeɪn/ v
pozostać pozostawać
to stay behind while others withdraw

remain to be seen v
to się jeszcze okaże
be as yet unknown

remainder /ɹəˈmeɪndə/ /ɹəˈmeɪndɚ/ /ɹɪˈmeɪndə/ n
reszta
mathematics: amount left over after repeatedly subtracting the divisor
reszta ostatek
what remains after some has been removed

remaining /ɹɪˈmeɪnɪŋ/ adj
pozostały
which remains

remains /ɹɪˈmeɪnz/ n
pozostałości
relic of an ancient building or other structure
resztki
all that is left of the stock of some things; remnants
szczątki zwłoki
what is left after a person (or any organism) dies; a corpse

remake /ɹiːˈmeɪk/ /ˈɹiːmeɪk/ n
remake
new version of film

remark /ɹɪˈmɑɹk/ /ɹɪˈmɑːk/ n
spostrzeżenie uwaga komentarz
expression, in speech or writing, of something remarked or noticed; a mention of something

remark /ɹɪˈmɑɹk/ /ɹɪˈmɑːk/ v
komentować skomentować zauważyć
zauważyć
to express in words or writing; to state, as an observation
to pay heed to; notice; to take notice of, to perceive

remarkable /ɹɪˈmɑɹkəbl̩/ /ɹɪˈmɑːkəbl̩/ adj
wybitny
worthy of being remarked

remediation n
rekultywacja
action or process to remedy a situation

remedy /ˈɹɛmədi/ n
lekarstwo lek
medicine, application, or treatment
remedium
something that corrects or counteracts

remember /ɹɪˈmɛmbə/ /ɹɪˈmɛmbɚ/ /ˈmɛmbɚ/ /ˈɹɛmbɚ/ /ˈɹɪmbɚ/ v
pamiętać zapamiętać
to recall from one's memory

remind /ɹəˈmaɪnd/ /ɹɪˈmaɪnd/ v
przypominać przypomnieć
cause one to experience a memory; bring to a person's notice

reminder /ɹɪˈmaɪn.də/ /ɹɪˈmaɪn.dɚ/ n
przypomnienie
something that reminds

reminisce /ˌɹɛm.əˈnɪs/ v
powspominać wspominać wspomnieć
to recall the past in a private moment, often fondly or nostalgically
to talk or write about memories of the past, especially pleasant memories

reminiscence /ˌɹɛm.əˈnɪs.əns/ n
reminiscencja
act of remembering
wspomnienie
mental image

reminiscent /ˌɹɛməˈnɪsnt/ adj
przypominający
suggestive of an earlier event or times

remission /ɹəˈmɪʃ(ə)n/ /ɹɪˈmɪʃ(ə)n/ n
remisja
abatement or lessening of the manifestations of a disease

remittance n
przekaz przelew rymesa wpłata
Money which is sent to someone.
przekaz przelew wpłata
The act of sending money to someone.

remix /ɹiˈmɪks/ /ˈɹiˌmɪks/ n
remiks
rearrangement of an older piece of music

remodel v
remont
to change appearance of

remonstrance /ɹɪˈmɒnstɹəns/ n
protest
remonstration

remonstrate /ˈɹɛ.mən.stɹeɪt/ v
protestować zaprotestować
intransitive - to object or protest
transitive - to state as a protest or expression of disapproval

remonstrative adj
protestacyjny
of, characterized by, or exhibiting remonstration

remonstratively adv
protestacyjnie
with remonstration

remora /ɹiˈmɔɹə/ /ɹɪˈmɔːɹə/ /ˈɹɛməɹə/ n
podnawka remora ssacz tarczygłów trzymonaw trzymonawka
elongate fish from the family Echeneidae

remorse /ɹɪˈmɔɹs/ /ɹɪˈmɔː(ɹ)s/ n
skrucha wyrzuty sumienia
feeling of regret or sadness for doing wrong or sinning

remote [ɹəˈməʊt] [ɹɪˈmoʊt] [ɹɪˈməʊt] [ˌɹiːˈməʊt] adj
daleki zdalny
at a distance
odległy daleki oddalony
distant or otherwise unaccessible

remote [ɹəˈməʊt] [ɹɪˈmoʊt] [ɹɪˈməʊt] [ˌɹiːˈməʊt] n
pilot
remote control

remote control n
pilot
device used to operate an appliance from a short distance
zdalne sterowanie
doing something from a distance

remoteness n
oddalenie
quality of being remote

removal /ɹəˈmʉː.vəl/ /ɹɪˈmu.vəl/ /ɹɪˈmuː.vəl/ /ɹɪˈmʉː.vəl/ n
usunięcie
the process of moving, or the fact of being removed
zwolnienie
the dismissal of someone from office

removal van n
samochód do przeprowadzek
a vehicle for moving furniture and other household goods

remove /ɹɪˈmuːv/ v
usuwać usunąć odejmować odjąć
to take away

remuneration /ɹə.mjuː.nəˈɹeɪ.ʃən/ /ɹɪˌmjuː.nəˈɹeɪ.ʃən/ /ɹɪˌnuː.məˈɹeɪ.ʃən/ n
płaca pensja
a payment for work done; wages, salary, emolument
rekompensata
a recompense for a loss; compensation
zapłata
something given in exchange for goods or services rendered

renaissance /ɹəˈneɪs(ə)ns/ /ɹəˈneɪsɑːns/ /ɹəˈneɪsɒ̃(n)s/ /ˈɹɛnəˌsɑns/ /ˌɹɛnəˈsɑns/ /ˌɹɛnəˈsɒ̃(n)s/ n
odrodzenie renesans
rebirth or revival

renal /ˈɹiːnəl/ adj
nerkowy
pertaining to the kidneys

rename /ɹiːˈneɪm/ v
przemianować
to give a new name to

render /ˈɹɛn.də/ /ˈɹɛn.dɚ/ v
czynić uczynić
to cause to become
interpretować zinterpretować
to interpret
przekazać przekazywać
to pass down
renderować wyrenderować zrenderować
to transform digital information in the form received from a repository into a display on a computer screen, or for other presentation to the user

rendering /ˈɹɛndəɹɪŋ/ v
renderowanie
process of producing an image from an internal model
renderujący
present participle of render

rendezvous /ˈɹɑndeɪ̯ˌvu/ /ˈɹɑndəˌvu/ /ˈɹɒndeɪ̯ˌvuː/ /ˈɹɒndɪˌvuː/ n
randka
meeting or date
spotkanie
agreement to meet

rendition /ɹɛnˈdɪʃ(ə)n/ n
interpretacja
an interpretation or performance of an artwork, especially a musical score or musical work

renegade /ˈɹɛnəˌɡeɪd/ /ˈɹɛnɪˌɡeɪd/ n
renegat zaprzaniec zdrajca zdrajczyni
disloyal person who betrays or deserts his cause or religion etc.

renege /ɹiː-/ /ɹɪˈneɪɡ/ /ɹɪˈniːɡ/ /ɹɪˈnɛɡ/ /ɹɪˈnɪɡ/ v
złamać słowo łamać słowa łamać słowo
break a promise or commitment

renegotiation n
renegocjacja
act of renegotiating

renewable adj
odnawialny
sustainable

renewable energy n
energia odnawialna
energy collected from renewable resources

renewal n
odnowa odnowienie
act of renewing

reniform /-nɪ-/ /ˈɹiː-/ /ˈɹɛnəˌfɔɹm/ /ˈɹɛnɪfɔːm/ adj
nerkowaty
of a leaf: kidney-shaped, with the petiole attached at the notch

rennet /ˈɹɛnɪt/ n
podpuszczka klag
An enzyme

renounce the world v
uciec przed społeczeństwem uciekać przed społeczeństwem

renovate /ˈɹɛnəveɪt/ /ˈɹɛnəʊveɪt/ /ˈɹɛnəˌveɪt/ v
remontować
to renew; to revamp

renovation /ˈɹɛnəveɪʃən/ n
remont
act or process of renovating

renown /ɹɪˈnaʊn/ n
renoma
Fame or wide recognition

rent /ɹɛnt/ n
czynsz
payment made by a tenant
payment made for the use of equipment or a service

rent /ɹɛnt/ v
wynajmować wynająć
to occupy premises in exchange for rent
to grant occupation in return for rent
wypożyczać wypożyczyć
obtain/have temporary possession of an object such as a movie

rent control n
kontrola czynszów
official regulation of the amount that may be charged for rented property

rent-seeking /ɹɛnt siːkɪŋ/ n
pogoń za rentą
attempt to profit by manipulating the economic or political environment, for example, by seeking governmental action that restricts entry into a market

rental car n
wynajęty samochód
rented car

rentier /ɹɑ̃ˈtjeɪ/ /ˈɹɒntɪeɪ/ n
rentier rentierka
individual who receives capital income

reopening n
ponowne otwarcie
act of opening again

reorganization n
reorganizacja
act or process

reorientation n
reorientacja
the act of reorienting

repaint /ɹiːˈpeɪnt/ /ˈɹiːpeɪnt/ v
przemalować przemalowywać
to paint again

repair /ɹəˈpɛɚ/ /ɹɪˈpɛə/ /ɹɪˈpɛɚ/ n
naprawa
act of repairing something

repair /ɹəˈpɛɚ/ /ɹɪˈpɛə/ /ɹɪˈpɛɚ/ v
naprawiać naprawić
to restore to good working order

repairer n
naprawiacz
person who repairs

repairman n
fachowiec konserwator monter
man whose job is to repair things

repartee /ˌɹɛpɑɹˈteɪ/ /ˌɹɛpɑːˈtiː/ n
pocisk replika riposta
swift witty retort

repartee /ˌɹɛpɑɹˈteɪ/ /ˌɹɛpɑːˈtiː/ v
pociskać pocisnąć
to reply with a swift witty retort

repatriate /ɹiːˈpeɪ.tɹi.eɪt/ /ɹiːˈpæ.tɹi.eɪt/ n
repatriant repatriantka
a person who has returned to the country of origin or whose citizenship has been restored

repatriate /ɹiːˈpeɪ.tɹi.eɪt/ /ɹiːˈpæ.tɹi.eɪt/ v
repatriować
to restore somebody to his or her own country

repatriation n
repatriacja
the process of returning of a person to their country of origin

repayment n
spłata
that which is repaid

repeat /ɹɪˈpit/ /ɹɪˈpiːt/ /ˈɹi.pit/ n
repetycja
music mark directing a section be repeated

repeat /ɹɪˈpit/ /ɹɪˈpiːt/ /ˈɹi.pit/ v
powtarzać ponowić powtórzyć
do or say again

repeat offender n
recydywista recydywistka
repeat offender

repeatedly /ɹɪˈpiːtɪdli/ adv
wielokrotnie
done several times

repechage /ɹəˌpɛʃˈɑʒ/ /ˈɹɛp.ə.ʃɑːʒ/ /ˈɹɛp.ɪ.ʃɑːʒ/ /ˌɹɛp.əˈʃɑʒ/ n
repasaż repesaż
heat for competitors who have lost in a previous round

repel /ɹɪˈpɛl/ v
odpychać
to cause repulsion or dislike
physics: to force away

repentance /ɹɪˈpɛntəns/ n
skrucha
feeling of regret or remorse

repentant /ɹəˈpɛtənt/ adj
skruszony
feeling sorrow for wrongdoing

repercussion /ˌɹi.pɚˈkʌʃ.ən/ /ˌɹiː.pəˈkʌʃ.ən/ /ˌɹɛ.pɚˈkʌʃ.ən/ n
reperkusja
consequence, result of action

repertoire /ˈɹɛp.ə.twɑɹ/ /ˈɹɛp.ə.twɑː/ /ˈɹɛp.əɹ.twɑɹ/ n
repertuar
list of dramas, operas, pieces, parts, etc., which a company or a person has rehearsed

repetition /ˌɹɛp.əˈtɪʃ.ən/ [ˌɹɛp.əˈtɪʃ.n̩] n
powtórka repetycja
act of repeating an exercise motion
powtórzenie powtórka repetycja
act or an instance of repeating or being repeated

rephrase v
przeformułować przeformułowywać
find a different way to say something

replace /ɹɪˈpleɪs/ v
zastąpić zamieniać zamienić
to supply or substitute an equivalent for

replaceable adj
wymienny zastępowalny
capable of being replaced

replacement /ɹɪˈpleɪsmənt/ n
zamiennik zastępca
a person or thing that takes the place of another; a substitute

replenishment n
uzupełnianie
act of replenishing

replete /ɹɪˈpliːt/ adj
pełny
abounding
syty
filled to bursting

replica /ˈɹɛplɪkə/ n
kopia replika
exact copy

reply /ɹɪˈplaɪ/ n
odpowiedź
written or spoken response

reply /ɹɪˈplaɪ/ v
odpowiadać odpowiedzieć
to give a written or spoken response

report /ɹəˈpoːt/ /ɹɪˈpo(ː)ɹt/ /ɹɪˈpoət/ /ɹɪˈpɔɹt/ /ɹɪˈpɔːt/ n
raport sprawozdanie
information describing events

report /ɹəˈpoːt/ /ɹɪˈpo(ː)ɹt/ /ɹɪˈpoət/ /ɹɪˈpɔɹt/ /ɹɪˈpɔːt/ v
raportować sprawozdawać sprawozdać zaraportować
to relate details of

report card n
świadectwo szkolne
grades

report for duty v
zgłaszać się do służby zgłosić się do służby
show up for work

reportage /ɹɪˈpɔː(ɹ)tɪd͡ʒ/ n
reportaż
reporting of news, especially by an eyewitness

reported speech n
mowa pośrednia mowa zależna
a form of speech used to express what another has said

reportedly /ɹɪˈpɔːtɪdli/ adv
podobno ponoć rzekomo
according to reports or rumors

reporter /ɹɪˈpo(ː)ɹtɚ/ /ɹɪˈpoətə/ /ɹɪˈpɔɹtɚ/ /ɹɪˈpɔːtə/ n
reporter reporterka
journalist

repose /ɹɪˈpoʊz/ /ɹɪˈpəʊz/ n
spoczynek wypoczynek
rest

repose /ɹɪˈpoʊz/ /ɹɪˈpəʊz/ v
spoczywać wypoczywać
to lie at rest

repository /rɪˈpɒ.zɪ.tə.rɪ/ n
grobowiec
a burial vault
magazyn przechowalnia repozytorium skład składnica
a location for storage, often for safety or preservation
powierniczka powiernik
a person to whom a secret is entrusted
repozytorium
storage location for computer files

reprehensible adj
naganny
blameworthy
naganny szpetny
deserving of reprehension

represent /ˌɹep.ɹɪˈzent/ /ˌɹɛp.ɹɪˈzɛnt/ v
reprezentować
to stand in the place of, act on behalf of
to serve as a sign or symbol of

representation /ˌɹɛp.ɹə.zɛn.ˈteɪ.ʃən/ n
przedstawienie
theatrical performance
reprezentacja
figure, image or idea that substitutes reality
that which represents something else

representative /ˌɹɛpɹɪˈzɛnt(ət)ɪv/ adj
reprezentatywny
typical

representative /ˌɹɛpɹɪˈzɛnt(ət)ɪv/ n
agent agentka
company agent
reprezentant przedstawiciel agent agentka przedstawicielka reprezentantka
one that is taken as typical of its class
reprezentant przedstawiciel przedstawicielka reprezentantka
one who speaks for another

repression n
represja
act of repressing
involuntary rejection from consciousness

reprimand /ɹɛpɹɪˈmɑːnd/ /ˈɹɛp.ɹɪˌmænd/ /ˈɹɛpɹɪmɑːnd/ /ˌɹɛp.ɹɪˈmænd/ n
nagana admonicja połajanka przygana reprymenda
severe, formal or official reproof

reprint /ɹiːˈpɹɪnt/ /ˈɹiːpɹɪnt/ n
dodruk przedruk
printed matter that has been published before but is now being released again

reprise /ɹɪˈpɹaɪz/ /ɹɪˈpɹiːz/ n
repryza
(music) A repetition of a phrase, or a return to an earlier theme

reprivatization n
reprywatyzacja
returning to private ownership

reproach /ɹɪˈpɹoʊt͡ʃ/ /ɹɪˈpɹəʊtʃ/ n
hańba
disgrace or shame
wyrzut zarzut
mild rebuke, or an implied criticism

reproach /ɹɪˈpɹoʊt͡ʃ/ /ɹɪˈpɹəʊtʃ/ v
hańbić zhańbić
to disgrace, or bring shame upon someone
zarzucać zarzucić
to criticize or rebuke someone

reproduction /ˌɹiːpɹəˈdʌkʃən/ n
prokreacja reprodukcja rozmnażanie
the act of reproducing new individuals biologically
reprodukcja
a duplicate

reproductive adj
reprodukcyjny
of or relating to reproduction

reproductive organ n
narząd rodny narząd rozrodczy
organ used for sexual reproduction

reproductive system n
układ rozrodczy
reproductive system

reproof /ɹɪˈpɹuːf/ n
baty cięgi
act or instance of reproving; a rebuke

reptile /ɹɪpˈtaɪl/ /ˈɹɛp.taɪl/ n
gad
a cold-blooded vertebrate

reptilian brain n
gadzi mózg mózg gadzi

republic /ɹəˈpʌb.lɪk/ /ɹɪˈpʌb.lɪk/ n
republika rzeczpospolita
a type of state
one of the kinds of parts constituting Russia

republican /ɹɪˈpʌblɪkən/ adj
republikański
of or belonging to a republic

republican /ɹɪˈpʌblɪkən/ n
republikanin republikanka
someone who favors a republic

republicanism n
republikanizm
republicanism as a form of government

repudiate /ɹəˈpjuː.di.eɪt/ /ɹɪˈpjuː.di.eɪt/ v
odrzucić
to reject the truth of, deny
wyprzeć się wyrzec się
to refuse to have anything to do with

repulsive /ɹɪˈpʌlsɪv/ adj
odpychający
tending to rouse aversion or to repulse

repurchase n
odkup
act of repurchasing

repurchase v
odkupić odkupywać
to buy back

repurpose /ɹiːˈpɜː.pəs/ /ɹiːˈpɝ.pəs/ v
zmieniać przeznaczenie zmienić przeznaczenie
reuse with or without alteration

reputation /ˌɹɛpjʊˈteɪʃən/ n
reputacja renoma
what somebody is known for

request /ɹɪˈkwɛst/ n
petycja
message sent over a network
prośba żądanie
act of requesting
wniosek
formal message requesting something

request /ɹɪˈkwɛst/ v
poprosić
to ask somebody to do something
prosić
to express the need or desire for

request for proposal n
zapytanie ofertowe

requiem /ˈɹɛ.kwi.əm/ /ˈɹɛ.kwi.ɛm/ n
requiem rekwiem
musical composition composed for such a mass
requiem rekwiem msza za zmarłych
mass to honor and remember a dead person

requiescant in pace phraseologicalUnit
niech spoczywa w pokoju
may they rest in peace

requiescat in pace phraseologicalUnit
niech odpoczywa w pokoju niech spoczywa w pokoju
may he/she rest in peace

requirement /ɹɪˈkwaɪɹmənt/ /ɹɪˈkwɑɹmənt/ /ɹɪˈkwʌɪəm(ə)nt/ n
potrzeba
necessity
wymóg wymaganie
something asked

requisition /ˌɹɛkwɪˈzɪʃən/ n
rekwizycja
A formal request for something
That which is required by authority

rereading n
drugie przeczytanie ponowne odczytanie
second or subsequent reading

resale n
odsprzedaż
the action of selling something previously bought

rescind /ɹɪˈsɪnd/ v
anulować cofnąć
repeal, annul, or declare void

rescinding n
odwołanie

rescue /ˈɹɛs.kjuː/ n
ratunek
act of rescuing, saving

rescue /ˈɹɛs.kjuː/ v
ratować ocalić uratować
to save from any danger or violence

rescue mission n
ratunkowa akcja
operation to reach and rescue people in urgent need

rescuer n
ratowniczka ratownik
person who rescues

research /ɹiˈsɝt͡ʃ/ /ɹɪˈsɜːt͡ʃ/ /ˈɹiˌsɝt͡ʃ/ /ˈɹiː.sɜːt͡ʃ/ n
badania
inquiry or examination
badanie
piece of research

research /ɹiˈsɝt͡ʃ/ /ɹɪˈsɜːt͡ʃ/ /ˈɹiˌsɝt͡ʃ/ /ˈɹiː.sɜːt͡ʃ/ v
badać zbadać
to examine with continued care
to make an investigation into

researcher /ɹiˈsɝ.t͡ʃɚ/ /ɹɪˈsɜː.t͡ʃə/ /ˈɹiˌsɝ.t͡ʃɚ/ /ˈɹiː.sɜː.t͡ʃə/ n
badaczka badacz
one who researches

reseda /ɹəˈsidə/ /ɹɪˈsiːdə/ /ˈɹɛsɪdə/ n
rezeda wonna
plant of the genus Reseda

resell /ɹiːˈsɛl/ v
odsprzedawać odsprzedać
To sell again

reseller n
odsprzedawca reseller
company or individual

resemble /ɹɪˈzɛmb(ə)l/ v
być podobnym przypominać przypomnieć
to be like or similar to something else

resentful /ɹɪˈzɛntfəl/ adj
obrażalski
inclined to resent

resentment /ɹɪˈzɛnt.mənt/ n
ansa resentyment
anger or displeasure felt out of belief that others have engaged in wrongdoing or mistreatment; indignation.

reservation /ˌɹɛzəˈveɪʃən/ /ˌɹɛzɚˈveɪʃən/ n
rezerwacja
arrangement by which something is secured in advance
zastrzeżenie
limiting qualification

reserve /ɹɪˈzɜːv/ /ɹɪˈzɝv/ n
odwód rezerwa
military: body of troops in the rear of an army
rezerwa
restraint of freedom in words or actions
rezerwa rezerwat
tract of land reserved, or set apart, for a particular purpose
rezerwa zapas zapasy
that which is reserved or kept back, as for future use
rezerwacja zastrzeżenie
the act of reserving or keeping back; reservation
rezerwat
tract of land reserved for Aboriginal people
rezerwowa rezerwowy
sports: reserve player
rezerwy
known unexploited natural resource

reserve /ɹɪˈzɜːv/ /ɹɪˈzɝv/ v
rezerwować zarezerwować
to book in advance

reserve price n
cena wywoławcza
lowest acceptable price

reserved /ɹɪˈzɜːvd/ /ɹɪˈzɝvd/ adj
powściągliwy
slow to reveal emotion or opinions
zarezerwowany
set aside for a particular person or purpose

reservist n
rezerwista rezerwistka
a soldier who is assigned as reserved; after training, no longer in full active duty

reservoir /ˈɹɛz.ə(ɹ).vwɑɹ/ /ˈɹɛz.ə(ɹ).vwɔɹ/ /ˈɹɛz.ə(ɹ).vɔɹ/ /ˈɹɛz.ə.vwɑː(ɹ)/ n
rezerwuar akwen zbiornik
large natural or artificial lake used as a source of water supply
zbiornik rezerwuar
place where anything is kept in store

reset /ɹiːˈsɛt/ /ˈɹiː.sɛt/ n
reset
an act of resetting to the initial state

reset /ɹiːˈsɛt/ /ˈɹiː.sɛt/ v
resetować zresetować
to set back to the initial state

resettle v
przesiedlać przesiedlić
to force someone to settle in a different place
to settle in a different place

reside /ɹɪˈzaɪd/ v
mieszkać pomieszkać zamieszkać zamieszkiwać
to dwell permanently or for a considerable time

residence /ˈɹɛz.ɪ.dəns/ n
miejsce zamieszkania
place where one lives
mieszkanie
building used as a home
pobyt
state of living in a place

residence permit n
pozwolenie na pobyt stały
right to legally reside in a country

resident /ˈɹɛzɪd(ə)nt/ n
mieszkaniec mieszkanka rezydent rezydentka
person living at a location or an area

residue /ˈɹɛzɪdjuː/ /ˈɹɛzɪduː/ n
osad
(chemistry) substance that remains after evaporation, distillation, filtration

resignation /ˌɹɛz.ɪɡˈneɪ.ʃən/ n
dymisja rezygnacja
act of resigning

resigned /ɹɪˈzaɪnd/ adj
zrezygnowany
accepting of a situation or one's lot

resilience /ɹɪˈzɪl.ɪ.əns/ n
odporność
mental ability
sprężystość
physical property of material

resilient /ɹɪˈzɪl.jənt/ adj
elastyczny
able to withstand force without cracking; elastic

resin /ˈɹɛzɪn/ n
żywica
secretion of plants
viscous liquid of plant origin
similar synthetic compound

resinous adj
żywicowy żywiczny
of or pertaining to resin

resist /ɹəˈzɪst/ /ɹɪˈzɪst/ v
opierać
to withstand actions or effects of

resistance /ɹɪˈzɪstəns/ n
opór
force that tends to oppose motion
opór rezystancja oporność
shortened form of electrical resistance
opór sprzeciw
act of resisting
ruch oporu opór
underground organization struggling for liberation

resistanceless adj
bezoporny

resistant /ɹəˈzɪstənt/ adj
odporny oporny
that which is not overcome by a disease or drug
oporny
that which makes resistance

resistant /ɹəˈzɪstənt/ n
przeciwniczka przeciwnik
a person who resists

resistor /ɹɪˈzɪstə/ /ɹɪˈzɪstɚ/ n
opornik rezystor
electric component

resocialization n
resocjalizacja

resolute /ˈɹɛ.zəˌl(j)uːt/ /ˌɹɛ.zəˈl(j)uːt/ adj
zdecydowany rezolutny stanowczy śmiały
firm, unyielding, determined

resolution /ˌɹɛzəˈl(j)uʃ(ə)n/ /ˌɹɛzəˈluːʃ(ə)n/ n
postanowienie
statement of intent
rezolucja uchwała
formal statement adopted by an assembly
rozdzielczość
computing, photography: degree of fineness of image
computing: number of pixels in an image as stored or displayed

resolve /ɹiːˈzɒlv/ /ɹɪˈzɑlv/ /ɹɪˈzɒlv/ n
stanowczość zdecydowanie
will power

resolve /ɹiːˈzɒlv/ /ɹɪˈzɑlv/ /ɹɪˈzɒlv/ v
postanawiać postanowić
to make a firm decision
rozwiązać rozwiązywać
to cause a chord to go from dissonance to consonance
rozwiązywać rozwiązać
to find a solution to

resolving power n
rozdzielczość
measure

resonance /ˈɹɛzənəns/ n
pogłos
resonant sound
rezonans
condition of being resonant

resorption n
resorpcja wchłanianie
the loss and reassimilation of bone material

resort /ɹɪˈzɔɹt/ /ɹɪˈzɔːt/ n
kurort uzdrowisko
a relaxing environment for people on vacation

resort /ɹɪˈzɔɹt/ /ɹɪˈzɔːt/ v
uciec uciekać
to have recourse out of necessity or frustration

resort /ˌɹiːˈsɔ(ɹ)t/ v
ponownie posortować
to repeat a sorting process

resort town n
kurort

resource /ɹɪˈso(ː)ɹs/ /ɹɪˈsoəs/ /ɹɪˈsɔɹs/ /ɹɪˈsɔːs/ /ɹɪˈzo(ː)ɹs/ /ɹɪˈzoəs/ /ɹɪˈzɔɹs/ /ɹɪˈzɔːs/ /ˈɹi(ː)so(ː)ɹs/ /ˈɹisɔɹs/ /ˈɹiːsoəs/ /ˈɹiːsɔːs/ n
zasób środki
something that one uses to achieve an objective

resourceful adj
pomysłowy zaradny
capable or clever; able to put available resources to efficient or ingenious use

resourcefulness n
zaradność
the ability to cope with situations

respect /ɹɪˈspɛkt/ n
szacunek respekt poważanie estyma uważanie atencja
admiration for a person or entity because of perceived merit

respect /ɹɪˈspɛkt/ v
poważać szanować respektować
to have respect for
uszanować
to regard as worthy of special consideration
uszanować szanować
to have regard for the rights of others

respectable [ɹɪ.ˈspɛk.tə.bl̩] adj
godny szacunku
deserving respect

respectful /ɹɪˈspɛktfəl/ adj
atencjonalny
characterized by respect

respectfully /ɹɪˈspɛktfəli/ adv
z całym szacunkiem
in a respectful manner

respective /ɹɪˈspɛktɪv/ adj
odpowiedni poszczególny
referencing two or more things as individuals

respectively /ɹɪˈspɛktɪvli/ adv
odpowiednio
in a relative manner

respelling n
inna pisownia

respirator n
respirator
device to allow breathing

respiratory /ɹɪˈspaɪ.ɹəˌtɔɹ.i/ /ɹɪˈspɪ.ɹə.tɹi/ /ɹɪˈspɪ.ɹət.ə.ɹi/ /ɹɪˈspʌɪ.ɹə.tɹi/ /ɹɪˈspʌɪ.ɹət.ə.ɹi/ /ˈɹɛs.pə.ɹə.tɹi/ /ˈɹɛs.pə.ɹət.ə.ɹi/ /ˈɹɛs.pəɹ.əˌtɔɹ.i/ /ˈɹɛs.pɹə.tɹi/ /ˈɹɛs.pɹəˌtɔɹ.i/ adj
oddechowy
relating to respiration

respiratory system n
układ oddechowy
system of organs

respiratory tract n
drogi oddechowe
air passages of the body

resplendent /ɹɪˈsplɛn.dənt/ adj
błyszczący
shiny and colourful, and thus pleasing to the eye

respond /ɹəˈspɑnd/ /ɹəˈspɒnd/ /ɹɪˈspɑnd/ /ɹɪˈspɒnd/ v
reagować zareagować
to act in return

response /ɹɪˈspɑns/ /ɹɪˈspɒns/ n
odpowiedź
an answer or reply

responsibility /ɹɪˌspɑn.səˈbɪl.ə.ti/ /ɹɪˌspɒn.səˈbɪl.ɪ.ti/ [ɹɪˌspɑn.səˈbɪl.ə.ɾi] n
odpowiedzialność
the state of being responsible
a duty, obligation or liability for which someone is responsible

responsible /ɹɪˈspɑnsəbəl/ /ɹɪˈspɒnsəbəl/ [ɹɪˈspɑnsəbl̩] [ɹɪˈspɒnsəbl̩] adj
odpowiedzialny
able to answer reasonably for one's conduct
answerable for an act performed or for its consequences

responsible /ɹɪˈspɑnsəbəl/ /ɹɪˈspɒnsəbəl/ [ɹɪˈspɑnsəbl̩] [ɹɪˈspɒnsəbl̩] n
odpowiedzialna odpowiedzialny

responsibly adv
odpowiedzialnie
in a responsible manner

responsive /ɹɪˈspɑn.sɪv/ /ɹɪˈspɒn.sɪv/ adj
odpowiadający
answering, replying or responding

rest /ɹɛst/ n
odpoczynek
relief afforded by sleeping; sleep
reszta
remainder

rest /ɹɛst/ v
odpoczywać
intransitive: take repose

rest area n
MOP miejsce obsługi podróżnych
rest area along a road

rest assured v
spokojna głowa
be sure

rest in peace v
spoczywaj w pokoju
blessing or expression of hope

rest on one's laurels v
spoczywać na laurach spocząć na laurach
rely on a past success instead of trying to improve oneself further

restart /ˈɹiːˌstɑɹt/ /ˈɹiːˌstɑːt/ /ˌɹɪˈstɑɹt/ /ˌɹɪˈstɑːt/ n
restart
act of restarting

restart /ˈɹiːˌstɑɹt/ /ˈɹiːˌstɑːt/ /ˌɹɪˈstɑɹt/ /ˌɹɪˈstɑːt/ v
restartować zrestartować
In computing, to reboot

restaurant /ˈɹɛs.t(ə).ɹ(ə)nt/ /ˈɹɛs.t(ə).ɹɒnt/ /ˈɹɛs.t(ə).ɹɒ̃/ /ˈɹɛs.t(ə).ɹənt/ /ˈɹɛs.t(ə)ˌɹɑnt/ n
restauracja
an eating establishment in which diners are served food

restaurateur /ˌɹɛst(ə)ɹəˈtɜː/ n
restaurator restauratorka
owner of a restaurant

restharrow /ˈɹɛsthaɹəʊ/ n
wilżyna
any of various species of small shrubs making up the genus Ononis

restitution /ˌɹɛstɪˈtjuʃən/ /ˌɹɛstɪˈtuʃən/ n
odszkodowanie restytucja
legal: process of compensation for losses
restytucja
return or restoration to a previous condition or position

restless /ˈɹɛstləs/ /ˈɹɛstlɪs/ adj
bez odpoczynku
deprived of rest or sleep
not allowing or affording rest
niespokojny
unable to be still or quiet
niezaspokojony
not satisfied to be at rest or peace

restless legs syndrome n
zespół niespokojnych nóg
a neurological disorder characterized by an irresistible urge to move one's body to stop uncomfortable or odd sensations, usually in the legs

restlessness /ˈɹɛstləsnəs/ n
niepokój wzburzenie zniecierpliwienie
state or condition of being restless

restoration /ɹɛstəˈɹeɪʃən/ n
odbudowa
the process of bringing an object back to its original state

restore /ɹɪˈsto(ː)ɹ/ /ɹɪˈstoə/ /ɹɪˈstɔɹ/ /ɹɪˈstɔː/ v
odnowić
to bring back to a previous condition or state

restraint /ɹɪˈstɹeɪnt/ n
ograniczenie
something that restrains, ties, fastens or secures
opanowanie
control or caution; reserve

restrict /ɹɪˈstɹɪkt/ v
ograniczać ograniczyć
to restrain within bounds

restricted /ɹɪˈstɹɪktɪd/ adj
zastrzeżony
one of the classifications of the secrecy of an official document

restriction /ɹɪˈstɹɪkʃən/ n
restrykcja obostrzenie
regulation or limitation

restrictive /ɹɪˈstɹɪktɪv/ adj
ograniczający restrykcyjny
confining; limiting

restroom n
ubikacja WC kibel klop sracz łazienka
public room containing a toilet

restructuring n
restrukturalizacja restrukturyzacja
alteration of structure

result /ɹɪˈzʌlt/ n
rezultat wynik
that which results

resume /ɹəˈzjuːm/ /ɹəˈʒuːm/ /ɹɪˈz(j)um/ /ɹɪˈzjuːm/ v
wznawiać wznowić
(transitive) start something again that has been stopped or paused

resumption n
reasumpcja
act of resuming something again

resumptive adj
reasumujący

resupply /ˈɹiː.sə.ˌplaɪ/ /ˌɹiː.sə.ˈplaɪ/ v
zaopatrywać ponownie zaopatrzyć ponownie
transitive
zaopatrywać się ponownie zaopatrzyć się ponownie
intransitive

resurface /ɹiːˈsɜː(ɹ)fɪs/ v
wypłynąć
to come once again to the surface

resurgence n
ożywienie
An instance of something resurging

resurrect /ɹɛzəˈɹɛkt/ v
wskrzesić wskrzeszać
to raise from dead

resurrection /ɹɛzəˈɹɛkʃn̩/ /ɹɛzəˈɹɛkʃən/ n
zmartwychwstanie wskrzeszenie
the act of arising from the dead

resuscitation n
reanimacja resuscytacja
the act of resuscitating

ret /ɹɛt/ v
rosić
to soak linen, hemp etc.

retable n
nastawa ołtarzowa
table or shelf behind an altar

retail /ˈɹiˌteɪl/ [ˈɹ̠ʷiˌtʰeɪ̯ɫ] adj
detaliczny
relating to the sale of goods or services directly to individual consumers

retail /ˈɹiˌteɪl/ [ˈɹ̠ʷiˌtʰeɪ̯ɫ] adv
detalicznie
in retail quantities

retail /ˈɹiˌteɪl/ [ˈɹ̠ʷiˌtʰeɪ̯ɫ] n
detal handel detaliczny
sale of goods directly to the consumer

retail bank n
bankowość detaliczna
type of bank

retail banking n
bankowość detaliczna
activities of a retail bank

retail price n
cena detaliczna
price that customers pay for goods in stores

retainer /ɹəˈteɪn.ɚ/ /ɹɪˈteɪn.ə/ /ɹɪˈteɪn.ɚ/ n
aparat ortodontyczny
dentistry: device

retake /ɹiːˈteɪk/ /ˈɹiːteɪk/ v
odzyskać odzyskiwać
recapture

retaliate /ɹɪˈtæl.i.eɪt/ v
mścić się
do something harmful to get revenge

retaliation /-ʃɪn/ /ɹi-/ /ɹiˌtæl.iˈeɪ.ʃən/ /ɹə-/ /ɹɪˌtæl.iˈeɪ.ʃən/ n
odwet retaliacja
act of responding violently to an act of harm or perceived injustice

retaliatory /ɹɪˈtælɪət(ə)ɹɪ/ adj
odwetowy
relating to or part of a retaliation

retarded /ɹiˈtɑɹdɪd/ /ɹɪˈtɑːdɪd/ adj
opóźniony
delayed in development

retch /ɹɛt͡ʃ/ v
rwać
to make an effort to vomit

retention /ɹɪˈtɛnʃən/ n
pamięć
a memory

rethink /ɹiːˈθɪŋk/ /ˈɹiːθɪŋk/ v
przemyśleć
think again about a problem

reticent /ˈɹɛtɪsənt/ adj
dyskretny małomówny
reserved

reticulum n
czepiec
zoology: second stomach of a ruminant

retina /ˈɹɛt.nə/ /ˈɹɛt.ə.nə/ /ˈɹɛt.ɪ.nə/ n
siatkówka
thin layer of cells at the back of the eyeball

retinue /ɹɪˈtɪnjuː/ /ˈɹɛt.ɪ.njuː/ /ˈɹɛtɪn(j)uː/ n
asysta świta asystencja
group of servants

retire /ɹəˈtaɪə(ɹ)/ /ɹəˈtaɪɹ/ v
przejść na emeryturę
to stop working on permanent basis

retired /ɹɪˈtaɪəd/ /ɹɪˈtaɪəɹd/ adj
emerytowany
having left employment

retiree /ɹəˈtaɪ.ə(ɹ)ˌiː/ n
emeryt emerytka
someone who has retired from active working

retirement /ɹəˈtaɪə(ɹ).mənt/ n
emerytura
portion of one's life after retiring

retirement home n
dom starców dom spokojnej starości
multi-residence housing facility intended for the elderly

retort /ɹɪˈtɔɹt/ /ɹɪˈtɔːt/ n
riposta
sharp or witty reply
retorta
flask used for distillation

retort /ɹɪˈtɔɹt/ /ɹɪˈtɔːt/ v
ripostować
To say something sharp or witty in answer to a remark or accusation

retouch /ɹɪˈtʌtʃ/ /ˈɹiːtʌtʃ/ n
retusz
act of retouching

retouch /ɹɪˈtʌtʃ/ /ˈɹiːtʌtʃ/ v
retuszować
to improve something, especially a photograph

retread /ɹiːˈtɹɛd/ /ˈɹiː.tɹɛd/ v
bieżnikować
to replace the traction-providing surface of a vehicle

retreat /ɹiˈtɹiːt/ /ɹəˈtɹiːt/ /ɹɪˈtɹiːt/ n
odwrót wycofanie
act of pulling back or withdrawing
rekolekcje
period of meditation, prayer, or study

retreat /ɹiˈtɹiːt/ /ɹəˈtɹiːt/ /ɹɪˈtɹiːt/ v
odstąpić odstępować wycofać wycofywać zarządzać odwrót
to withdraw military forces

retrenchment /ɹəˈtɹɛnt͡ʃm(ə)nt/ /ɹɪˈtɹɛn(t)ʃm(ə)nt/ [ɹi-] n
oszczędność redukcja
reduction or curtailment
oszańcowanie
defensive work constructed within a fortification

retribution /ˌɹɛt.ɹɪ.ˈbju.ʃən/ n
odwet kara pomsta zemsta
punishment inflicted in the spirit of moral outrage or personal vengeance

retrieve /ɹiˈtɹiːv/ /ɹəˈtɹiːv/ /ɹɪˈtɹiːv/ v
naprawiać naprawić zaradzić
to remedy or rectify something
odzyskać odzyskiwać
to regain or get back something
przynieść przynosić
to fetch or carry back something
przypominać przypomnieć
to remember or recall something
ratować uratować
to rescue
to salvage something

retriever /ɹiˈtɹivəɹ/ /ɹə-/ /ɹɪ-/ n
aporter
a type of dog

retro /ˈɹɛ.tɹoʊ/ adj
retro
of, or relating to the past, past times, or the way things were

retroactive /ˌɹɛ.tɹoʊˈæk.tɪv/ /ˌɹɛt.ɹəʊˈæk.tɪv/ adj
retroaktywny
extending in scope, effect, application or influence to a prior time or to prior conditions

retroactively /ˌɹɛtɹoʊˈæktɪvli/ adv
retroaktywnie
done after the fact

retrochoir /ˈɹɛ.tɹəˌkwaɪ.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈɹɛ.tɹəˌkwaɪɚ/ n
ambit
extension

retrocognition /ˌɹɛtɹəʊkɒɡˈnɪʃən/ n
retrokognicja
extrasensory knowledge of past events

retrodigitization n
retrodigitalizacja

retroflex /ˈɹɛt.ɹoʊ.flɛks/ /ˈɹɛt.ɹə.flɛks/ /ˈɹɛt.ɹəʊ.flɛks/ adj
[[lamino-]]postalweolarny laminalny postalweolarny laminalny zadziąsłowy
of pronunciation in which the tongue blade approaches/touches the back of the alveolar ridge
apikalno-postalweolarny apikalny postalweolarny apikalny zadziąsłowy
of pronunciation in which the tongue tip approaches/touches the back of the alveolar ridge
retrofleksyjny z retrofleksją
of any of the retroflex pronunciations
subapikalno-palatalny subapikalno-prepalatalny subapikalny palatalny subapikalny prepalatalny
of pronunciation in which the tongue underside approaches/touches the palate

retroflex /ˈɹɛt.ɹoʊ.flɛks/ /ˈɹɛt.ɹə.flɛks/ /ˈɹɛt.ɹəʊ.flɛks/ n
spółgłoska [[lamino-]]postalweolarna spółgłoska laminalna postalweolarna spółgłoska laminalna zadziąsłowa
consonant pronounced with the tongue blade approaching/touching the back of the alveolar ridge
spółgłoska apikalna postalweolarna spółgłoska apikalna zadziąsłowa spółgłoska apikalno-postalweolarna
consonant pronounced with the tongue tip approaching/touching the back of the alveolar ridge
spółgłoska retrofleksyjna spółgłoska z retrofleksją
any of the retroflex consonants
spółgłoska subapikalna palatalna spółgłoska subapikalna prepalatalna spółgłoska subapikalno-palatalna spółgłoska subapikalno-prepalatalna
consonant pronounced with the tongue underside approaching/touching the palate

retrograde amnesia n
amnezja wsteczna niepamięć wsteczna
loss of memories from the period leading up to the amnesic episode

retromandibular adj
zażuchwowy

retroreflector n
odblask
retroreflective device or surface

retrospection n
retrospekcja
the deliberate recall of past events

retrospectively adv
retrospektywnie
retrospective manner

retrovirus n
retrowirus
any of a group of viruses which insert a copy of their RNA genome into the DNA of a host cell

retry /riˈtɹaɪ/ /ˈriːtɹaɪ/ v
ponawiać próbę próbować ponownie
to try or attempt again

retsina /ɹɛtˈsiːnə/ n
retsina
Greek wine

return /ɹɪˈtɜːn/ /ɹɪˈtɝn/ n
powrót
act of returning
zwrot
item that is returned

return /ɹɪˈtɜːn/ /ɹɪˈtɝn/ v
cofać się cofnąć się wycofać się wycofywać się
to turn back, retreat
cofać cofnąć wycofać wycofywać
to go back in thought, narration, or argument
oddawać zwracać oddać zwrócić
to give something back to its original holder or owner
powracać powrócić
computing: to relinquish control to the calling procedure
wracać wrócić
to come or go back
zwracać zwrócić
computing: to pass back (data) to the calling procedure

return on investment n
zwrot z inwestycji
benefit gained by an investor from an investment

return the favor v
odwdzięczać się odwdzięczyć się

return ticket n
bilet powrotny
a ticket granting permission to travel to a place and back again

reunification n
zjednoczenie
the unification of something that was previously divided; used especially of a country

reunion /ɹiːˈjuːnjən/ /ɹɪˈjuːnjən/ n
zjazd zlot
planned event

reusable adj
wielokrotnego użytku wielorazowy
able to be used again

revalorization /ˌɹiːvaləɹʌɪˈzeɪʃ(ə)n/ n
rewaloryzacja
the establishment of a new value for something
the fact or process of setting a new value for a given commodity (currency, etc)

revaluation n
aktualizacja wyceny rewaloryzacja
reassessment of the value of something
rewaloryzacja rewaluacja
process of altering the relative value of a currency

revalue v
przewartościować
to value again, give a new value to

revamp /ɹiˈvæmp/ /ɹiːˈvæmp/ /ˈɹiˌvæmp/ /ˈɹiːvæmp/ v
odszykować
to improve, renew, renovate, or revise (something)

revanche /ɹəˈvænt͡ʃ/ /ɹəˈvɑnt͡ʃ/ /ɹəˈvɑ̃ʃ/ n
rewanż zemsta
revenge or retaliation

revanchism /ɹəˈvɑnt͡ʃɪz(ə)m/ /ɹɪˈvæn(t)ʃɪz(ə)m/ n
rewanżyzm
political policy of endeavouring to regain lost territory

revanchist /ɹəˈvɑnt͡ʃɪst/ /ɹɪˈvæn(t)ʃɪst/ adj
odwetowy rewanżystowski rewanżystyczny
advocating a policy of revanche

revanchist /ɹəˈvɑnt͡ʃɪst/ /ɹɪˈvæn(t)ʃɪst/ n
odwetowiec odwetówka rewanżysta rewanżystka
revanchist, vengeful person

reveal /ɹəˈvil/ /ɹəˈviːl/ /ɹɪˈvil/ /ɹɪˈviːl/ [ɹɪˈvɪil] v
odkrywać ujawniać odkryć odsłaniać odsłonić ujawnić
to uncover

revealed religion n
religia objawiona
(countable) religion which relies on communication originating directly from a divine being to establish what religious beliefs are authoritative and acceptable

revel /ˈɹɛv.əl/ n
biesiada birbantka hulanka pohulanka uczta
An instance of merry-making; a celebration

revel /ˈɹɛv.əl/ v
bachować bachusować biesiadować birbantować hulać ucztować
make merry
rozkoszować się
take delight (in)

revelation /ˌɹɛv.əˈleɪ.ʃən/ n
objawienie
manifestation of divine truth

reveller n
bibosz birbant hulaka imprezowicz imprezowiczka kompanion
one who attends revels

revelrous adj
birbancki hulaszczy

revenant /ˈɹɛvənənt/ n
odrodzony
someone reborn
powracający
someone who returns from a long absence
upiór zombie
supernatural being

revenge /ɹiˈvɛnd͡ʒ/ /ɹəˈvendʒ/ /ɹəˈvɛnd͡ʒ/ /ɹɪˈvɛnd͡ʒ/ n
zemsta odwet pomsta
retaliatory action

revenge /ɹiˈvɛnd͡ʒ/ /ɹəˈvendʒ/ /ɹəˈvɛnd͡ʒ/ /ɹɪˈvɛnd͡ʒ/ v
mścić pomścić zemścić
to take revenge for an action

revenge is a dish best served cold proverb
zemsta najlepiej smakuje na zimno
revenge is best or most satisfying when delayed

revenge is sweet phraseologicalUnit
zemsta jest rozkoszą bogów zemsta jest słodka
said when one is satisfied in taking revenge

revenue /ɹɪˈvɛnjuː/ /ˈɹɛvənjuː/ /ˈɹɛvəˌn(j)u/ n
dochód
total income from a given source
all income for some treasury by taxation e.a.
dochód przychód
income from an investment
obroty
turnover, total sales

reverberation /ɹiˈvɜː(ɹ)bəɹeɪʃən/ /ɹəˈvɜː(ɹ)bəɹeɪʃən/ /ɹɪˈvɜː(ɹ)bəɹeɪʃən/ n
pogłos
echo, or a series of overlapping echos

reverence /ˈɹɛv.ə.ɹəns/ /ˈɹɛv.ɹəns/ n
rewerencja
veneration; profound awe and respect

reverend /ˈɹɛvəɹənd/ /ˈɹɛvɹənd/ n
duchowny
member of the Christian clergy

reverse /ɹɪˈvɜːs/ /ɹɪˈvɝs/ adj
odwrócony
having the order of its constituents moved backwards

reverse /ɹɪˈvɜːs/ /ɹɪˈvɝs/ n
reszka rewers
side of a medal, badge, or coin opposite the obverse

reverse Polish notation n
odwrotna notacja polska
an arithmetic notation

reverse charge phraseologicalUnit
odwrotne obciążenie
phrase

reverse dictionary n
słownik a tergo słownik regresywny
a dictionary in which entries are sorted alphabetically by their last letter, then second-to-last, and so on

reverse engineering n
inżynieria wsteczna
analyzing the construction and operation of a product in order to manufacture a similar one

reverse osmosis n
odwrócona osmoza
technique

reversibility n
odwracalność
property of being reversible

reversible /ɹəˈvɜː(ɹ)sɪbəl/ adj
odwołalny
clothing that can be worn inside out
odwracalny
able to be reversed

revert /ɹiˈvɝt/ /ɹɪˈvɜːt/ /ɹɪˈvɝt/ /ˈɹiˌvɝt/ /ˈɹiːˌvɜːt/ v
powrócić
to return; to come back

review /ɹɪˈvjuː/ n
kontrola
forensic inspection to assess compliance with regulations or some code
powtórka powtórzenie repetycja
second or subsequent reading of a text or artifact
przegląd
military inspection or display for the benefit of superiors or VIPs
periodical which makes a survey of the arts or some other field
stage show made up of sketches
survey of the available items or material
recenzja wydanie krytyczne
account intended as a critical evaluation of a text or a piece of work
rewizja
judicial reassessment of a case or an event

review /ɹɪˈvjuː/ v
recenzować zrecenzować
to write a review

revile /ɹəˈvaɪl/ v
lżyć napiętnować piętnować zelżyć
to attack with abusive language

revise /ɹɪˈvaɪ̯z/ v
powtarzać
to look over again

revisionism /ɹɪˈvɪʒəˌnɪzəm/ n
rewizjonizm
advocacy of a revision of some view

revisionist /ɹɪˈvɪʒənɪst/ n
rewizjonista rewizjonistka
proponent of revisionism

revitalization n
rewitalizacja
act of revitalizing

revival /ɹɪˈvaɪvəl/ n
odrodzenie ożywienie przebudzenie

revocable adj
odwołalny
capable of being revoked

revolt /ɹɪˈvoʊlt/ /ɹɪˈvɒlt/ /ɹɪˈvəʊlt/ n
bunt rewolta
act of revolting

revolution /ˌɹɛv.əˈl(j)uː.ʃən/ n
obrót
traversal of one body through an orbit around another body
turning of an object around an axis
rewolucja przewrót
political upheaval
sudden, vast change in a situation or discipline
removal and replacement of a government

revolutionarily adv
rewolucyjnie

revolutionary /-ˈljuː-/ /ˌɹɛvəˈluʃənɛɹi/ /ˌɹɛvəˈluːʃənɹi/ adj
rewolucyjny
of or pertaining to a revolution in government
something that signifies great change

revolutionary /-ˈljuː-/ /ˌɹɛvəˈluʃənɛɹi/ /ˌɹɛvəˈluːʃənɹi/ n
rewolucjonista rewolucjonistka
a revolutionist; a person who revolts

revolutionize /ˌɹev.əˈl(j)uː.ʃəˌnɑɪz/ /ˌɹɛv.əˈl(j)u.ʃəˌnaɪz/ /ˌɹɛv.əˈl(j)uː.ʃəˌnaɪz/ v
rewolucjonizować zrewolucjonizować
to radically or significantly change, as in a revolution

revolve /ɹɪˈvɒlv/ v
kręcić się
to orbit a central point
kręcić się wirować
to turn on an axis

revolver /ɹɪˈvɒl.vɚ/ n
rewolwer bębenkowiec
a handgun with revolving chambers

revolving door n
drzwi obrotowe
rotating door

revue /ɹəˈvjuː/ /ɹɪˈvjuː/ n
rewia
form of theatrical entertainment

reward /ɹiˈwɔɹd/ /ɹəˈwɔɹd/ /ɹəˈwɔːd/ /ɹɪˈwɑː(ɹ)d/ /ɹɪˈwɔɹd/ /ɹɪˈwɔːd/ n
nagroda wynagrodzenie
something of value given in return for an act
nagroda wyróżnienie
prize promised for a certain deed or catch

reward /ɹiˈwɔɹd/ /ɹəˈwɔɹd/ /ɹəˈwɔːd/ /ɹɪˈwɑː(ɹ)d/ /ɹɪˈwɔɹd/ /ɹɪˈwɔːd/ v
nagradzać nagrodzić
give a reward to

reworder n
osoba, która przeredagowuje

rewrap v
przewijać przewinąć

rewrite /ɹiˈɹaɪt/ /ɹiːˈɹaɪt/ /ˈɹi.ɹaɪt/ /ˈɹiː.ɹaɪt/ v
przepisać przepisywać
write again, without changing

rewrite history v
zmieniać historię zmienić historię

rhapsody /ˈɹæpsədi/ n
rapsod
ancient Greek epic poem, or part of one, suitable for uninterrupted recitation

rhea /ˈɹiːə/ n
nandu
flightless bird

rheme /ɹiːm/ n
remat
part of a sentence

rhenium /ˈɹiːniəm/ n
ren
chemical element

rhesus macaque n
rezus
Macaca mulatta

rhetoric /ˈɹɛtəɹɪk/ n
retoryka
art of using language for persuasion
meaningless language

rhetorical /ɹəˈtɒɹ.ɪ.kəl/ /ɹəˈtɔɹɪkəl/ /ɹɪˈtɒɹ.ɪ.kəl/ /ɹɪˈtɔɹɪkəl/ adj
retoryczny
part of or similar to rhetoric

rhetorical question n
pytanie retoryczne pytania retoryczne
question posed for dramatic or persuasive effect

rheum /ɹum/ /ɹuːm/ n
katar
nose discharge

rheumatic /ɹuːˈmætɪk/ adj
reumatyczny
referring to rheumatism

rheumatically adv
reumatycznie
in a rheumatic manner

rheumatism /ˈɹu.məˌtɪz.əm/ /ˈɹu.məˌtɪz/ n
reumatyzm
any painful disorder of muscles, tendons, joints, bones and nerves

rheumatoid arthritis n
reumatoidalne zapalenie stawów
chronic and progressive disease

rheumatology n
reumatologia
branch of medicine

rheumy /ˈɹumi/ /ˈɹuːmi/ adj
kaprawy
producing rheum from the mucous membranes; especially of the eyes: filled with rheum

rhino- /ɹaɪˈnɒ-/ /ˌɹaɪnoʊ-/ prefix
ryno-
of or relating to the nose

rhinoceros /ɹaɪˈnɑs.ɚ.əs/ /ɹaɪˈnɒs.ə.ɹəs/ n
nosorożec
herbivorous pachyderm with horn(s)

rhinology n
rynologia
study of the nose

rhizo- prefix
ryzo-

rhizobium n
bakterioryza
bacterium of the genus Rhizobium

rhizome /ˈɹaɪzoʊm/ n
kłącze
horizontal underground stem of some plants

rhizosphere n
ryzosfera
soil region influenced by plant roots

rhizotonic adj
mający akcent na rdzeniu
stem-stressed

rho /ɹoʊ/ /ɹəʊ/ n
rho ro
letter of Greek alphabet

rhodium /ˈɹoʊdiəm/ n
rod
chemical element

rhododendron /ɹoʊdəˈdɛndɹən/ n
różanecznik azalia rododendron
flowering shrub in the genus Rhododendron

rhodonite n
rodonit
A manganese inosilicate mineral

rhodopsin n
rodopsyna
a light-sensitive pigment in the rod cells of the retina

rhombic adj
rombowy
of or pertaining to a rhombus

rhombic dodecahedron n
dwunastościan rombowy
polyhedron with 12 rhombic faces

rhombicosidodecahedron /ˌɹɑmbaɪˌkoʊsiˌdoʊdɛkəˈhidɹən/ /ˌɹɑmbɪˌkoʊsiˌdoʊdɛkəˈhidɹən/ /ˌɹɒmbaɪˌkəʊsiˌdəʊdɛkəˈhiːdɹən/ /ˌɹɒmbɪˌkəʊsiˌdəʊdɛkəˈhiːdɹən/ n
dwunasto-dwudziestościan rombowy mały
Archimedean solid

rhombicuboctahedron n
[[sześć|sześcio-]]ośmiościan rombowy mały
polyhedron with 8 triangular and 18 square faces

rhombihexahedron n
rombowy sześcian

rhombohedral adj
mający trzy równe osie i wypukłe kąty
having three equal axes and oblique angles

rhombohedron n
romboedr rombościan
prism with six faces, each a rhombus

rhombus /ˈɹɑːmbəs/ /ˈɹɒmbəs/ n
romb
A parallelogram having all sides of equal length

rhonchus /ˈɹɑŋ.kəs/ /ˈɹɒŋ.kəs/ n
rzężenia rzężenie
sound

rhotacism /ˈɹoʊtəsɪzəm/ n
rotacyzm
A linguistic phenomenon in which a consonant changes into an R

rhubarb /ˈɹuˌbɑɹb/ /ˈɹuːbɑːb/ n
rabarbar rzewień
any plant of the genus Rheum

rhumb line n
loksodroma
a line cutting all meridians at a constant angle

rhyme /ɹaɪm/ n
rym
word that rhymes with another
verse, poetry
rhyming; sameness of sound of some parts of words, as ‘the poem exhibits rhyme’

rhyme /ɹaɪm/ v
rymować
put words together

rhyme or reason n
bez ładu i składu
logic or common sense

rhymeless adj
bezrymowy
without rhymes

rhymelessly adv
bezrymowo

rhymelessness n
bezrymowość

rhythm /ˈɹɪð.əm/ /ˈɹɪθ.əm/ [ˈɹɪð.m̩] n
rytm
variation of strong and weak elements of sounds over time
tempo or speed of a beat, song, or repeated event
flow, repetition or regularity

rhythm guitar n
gitara rytmiczna
guitar that provides rhythm

rhythm section n
sekcja rytmiczna
section of a band maintaining the rhythm

rhythmic gymnastics n
gimnastyka artystyczna
a discipline of gymnastics

rhyton /ˈɹʌɪtɒn/ n
ryton
a drinking vessel

rib /ɹɪb/ n
żeberko
cut of meat
żebro
curved bone

rib cage n
klatka piersiowa
part of skeleton

ribald /ˈɹaɪ.bɔld/ /ˈɹɪb.əld/ adj
nieprzyzwoity obsceniczny sprośny zbereźny
coarse, lewd, vulgar

ribald /ˈɹaɪ.bɔld/ /ˈɹɪb.əld/ n
bezwstydnica bezwstydnik sprośnik
individual who is filthy or vulgar

ribbit /ˈɹɪbət/ /ˈɹɪbɪt/ interjection
kum
the sound made by a frog or toad

ribbon /ˈɹɪbən/ n
taśma wstążka wstęga tasiemka
long, narrow strip of material
wstążka
inked ribbon
toolbar

ribbon seal n
foka pręgowana
a species of true seal

riboflavin /ˌraɪboʊˈfleɪvɪn/ n
ryboflawina
the vitamin B₂, riboflavin

ribonucleic adj
rybonukleinowy
of or pertaining to RNA or its derivatives

ribonucleic acid n
kwas rybonukleinowy
derivative of DNA, used in the transcription of genetic material

ribose /ˈɹaɪbəʊz/ n
ryboza
naturally occurring pentose sugar

ribosome /ˈɹaɪbəˌsoʊm/ /ˈɹaɪbəˌsəʊm/ n
rybosom
organelle

rice /ɹaɪs/ n
ryż
plants

rice cooker n
ryżowar
kitchen appliance designed to cook rice

rice flour n
mąka ryżowa
flour made of rice

rice milk n
mleko ryżowe
milky liquid from rice

rice paper n
papier ryżowy
edible sheets
paper made from parts of the rice plant

rich /ɹɪt͡ʃ/ adj
bogaty
having wealth

rich kid /ˈɹɪt͡ʃ ˌkɪd/ n
banan bananowiec bananówka
child or young adult from a wealthy family

rich man n
bogacz
a male person who is rich
bogacz bogaczka
a person who is rich (any gender)

riches /ɹɪt͡ʃɪz/ n
bogactwa bogactwo
money, goods, wealth, treasure

richly /ˈɹɪt͡ʃli/ adv
bogato
in a luxurious manner

richness /ˈɹɪt͡ʃnəs/ n
bogactwo bogatość
state or quality of being rich

ricin /ˈɹaɪsɪn/ n
rycyna
poison

rick /ɹɪk/ n
bróg
stack or pile, of straw, hay etc.

rickets /ˈɹɪkɪts/ n
krzywica
disorder of infancy

rickshaw /ˈɹɪk.ʃɔː/ n
riksza ryksza
two-wheeled carriage

ricochet /ˈɹɪk.ə.ʃeɪ/ /ˈɹɪk.ə.ʃɛt/ n
rykoszet
an instance of ricocheting

ricotta /ɹəˈkɑtə/ /ɹɪˈkɑtə/ /ɹɪˈkɒtə/ n
ricotta
Italian whey cheese

rid /ˈɹɪd/ v
uwalniać uwolnić wybawiać wybawić
to free from a hindrance or annoyance

riddle /ˈɹɪdəl/ n
zagadka
verbal puzzle

riddle /ˈɹɪdəl/ v
przesiać
to put something through a riddle or sieve

ride /ɹaɪd/ n
jazda
instance of riding
podwiezienie
lift (in a vehicle)

ride /ɹaɪd/ v
jechać jeździć pojechać
to be transported in a vehicle as a passenger
jeździć jechać pojechać skakać
to transport oneself by sitting on and directing a horse, bicycle etc.
ujeżdżać
to mount someone to have sex with them
wieźć wozić zawieźć
to transport someone in a vehicle

ride out v
przetrzymać przetrzymywać
to tackle a situation and survive

rider /ˈɹaɪ.də/ /ˈɹaɪ.dəɹ/ /ˈɹɑɪ.də/ [ˈɹ̠aɪdə] [ˈɹ̠aɪɾɚ] [ˈɹ̠äɪɾɚ] [ˈɹ̠ʷɑe̯də] n
jeździec jeźdźczyni
one who rides

ridge /ɹɪd͡ʒ/ n
grzbiet
chain of mountains
elevation on ocean bottom
kalenica szczyt
highest point on a roof
pasmo
chain of hills

ridicule /ˈɹɪdɪkjuːl/ v
wyśmiewać wyśmiać
to make fun of someone

ridiculous /ɹiːˈdɪkjʊləs/ /ɹɪˈdɪkjələs/ /ɹɪˈdɪkjʊləs/ /ɹɪˈdɪkləs/ adj
śmieszny absurdalny niedorzeczny
foolish, absurd

ridiculously adv
niedorzecznie
in a ridiculous manner

ridiculousness n
niedorzeczność śmieszność
characteristic of being ridiculous

riding crop n
szpicruta
horsewhip

riding habit n
amazonka
outfit for horseback riding

riding skirt n
spódnica do jazdy konnej

rifle /ˈɹaɪfəl/ n
karabin gwintówka
firearm with a rifled barrel

rifleman n
barglik
Acanthisitta chloris

rig /ɹɪɡ/ n
takielunek
the arrangement of masts etc.

rig /ɹɪɡ/ v
otaklować taklować
to equip and fit a ship

right /ˈɹaɪt/ /ˈɹeɪt/ /ˈɹiːt/ /ˈɹʌɪt/ [-t̚] [-ʔ] [ˈɹaɪt] [ˈɹaɪθ̠] [ˈɹäːtʰ] [ˈɹɑe̯t] [ˈɹɒɪʔ] [ˈɻɐʏt] adj
prawicowy
politics: conservative
prawy
of direction, opposite of left
prawy poprawny prawidłowy słuszny
complying with justice, correct
prostopadły
of an angle, 90 degrees
prosty
straight, not bent

right /ˈɹaɪt/ /ˈɹeɪt/ /ˈɹiːt/ /ˈɹʌɪt/ [-t̚] [-ʔ] [ˈɹaɪt] [ˈɹaɪθ̠] [ˈɹäːtʰ] [ˈɹɑe̯t] [ˈɹɒɪʔ] [ˈɻɐʏt] adv
dokładnie właśnie
exactly
na prawo po prawej stronie z prawej strony
on the right side
na prawo w prawo
towards the right side

right /ˈɹaɪt/ /ˈɹeɪt/ /ˈɹiːt/ /ˈɹʌɪt/ [-t̚] [-ʔ] [ˈɹaɪt] [ˈɹaɪθ̠] [ˈɹäːtʰ] [ˈɹɑe̯t] [ˈɹɒɪʔ] [ˈɻɐʏt] interjection
co nie nie prawda
checking agreement
prawda racja
yes, that is correct; I agree

right /ˈɹaɪt/ /ˈɹeɪt/ /ˈɹiːt/ /ˈɹʌɪt/ [-t̚] [-ʔ] [ˈɹaɪt] [ˈɹaɪθ̠] [ˈɹäːtʰ] [ˈɹɑe̯t] [ˈɹɒɪʔ] [ˈɻɐʏt] n
prawa prawy
right, not left, side
prawica
right hand
right-wing politicians and parties
prawo
legal or moral entitlement

right /ˈɹaɪt/ /ˈɹeɪt/ /ˈɹiːt/ /ˈɹʌɪt/ [-t̚] [-ʔ] [ˈɹaɪt] [ˈɹaɪθ̠] [ˈɹäːtʰ] [ˈɹɑe̯t] [ˈɹɒɪʔ] [ˈɻɐʏt] v
korygować poprawiać poprawić prostować skorygować sprostować
to correct

right angle n
kąt prosty
angle of 90 degrees

right as rain adj
zdrów jak ryba
very good; healthy

right ascension n
rektascensja
angular distance

right away adv
natychmiast
very soon

right bank n
prawobrzeżny
river bank to the right when facing downstream

right hand n
prawa ręka

right now adv
właśnie teraz
at this precise moment

right of asylum n
azyl
right

right of publicity n
dobra osobiste

right of way n
pierwszeństwo
right to proceed first in traffic

right the ship v
naprawiać naprawić poprawiać poprawić

right to be forgotten n
prawo do bycia zapomnianym prawo do zapomnienia
right

right to work /ɹaɪt tə wɜːk/ /ɹaɪt tə wɝk/ n
prawo do pracy
the fundamental human right to have employment

right total adj
dziedzina prawostronna

right triangle n
trójkąt prostokątny
a triangle having a right angle as one of its interior angles

right wing n
prawica
political

right-angled adj
prostokątny
having a right angle

right-hand man n
prawa ręka
trusted assistant

right-hand rule n
reguła prawej dłoni
common mnemonic for understanding notation conventions for vectors in three dimensions

right-hand woman n
prawa ręka
trusted female assistant

right-handed n
praworęczny praworęki
of one who uses their right hand in preference to, or more skillfully than their left.

righteousness /ˈɹaɪt͡ʃəsnəs/ n
czystość prawość łaska świętość
theology: state of being right with God
prawość
quality or state of being righteous

rightly or wrongly phraseologicalUnit
słusznie czy niesłusznie

rigid /ˈɹɪd͡ʒ.ɪd/ adj
nieugięty nieustępliwy
rigorous, unbending
sztywny
stiff

rigor mortis n
stężenie pośmiertne
Temporary stiffness of a body's muscles and joints following death

rim /ɹɪm/ n
felga
wheel rim

rime /ɹaɪm/ n
szadź
any frozen dew forming a white deposit on exposed surfaces

rind /ɹaɪnd/ n
kora
tree bark
skórka łupina skóra
hard outer layer of fruit, cheese

rinderpest n
księgosusz pomór bydła
disease

ring /ɹɪŋ/ n
krąg klika szajka
group of people (for illicit purposes)
obrączka pierścień
bird band
pierścień
circumscribing object
astronomy: a formation of various pieces of material orbiting around a planet
geometry: a planar geometrical figure
pierścień pierścionek
round piece of (precious) metal worn around the finger
ring pierścień
place where some sports take place
dzwonek
telephone call
dzwonek sygnał sygnałek
resonant sound of a bell, or a sound resembling it
pierścień
algebra: an algebraic structure

ring /ɹɪŋ/ v
otaczać
to surround or enclose
dzwonić
(intr.) to produce a resonant sound
dzwonić bić
(tr.) to produce a sound by ringing
dzwonić telefonować zadzwonić zatelefonować
to telephone (someone)
uderzać dzwonić
(tr.) to make something produce a resonant sound

ring finger n
palec serdeczny
finger between the middle finger and little finger

ring ouzel n
drozd obrożny
Turdus torquatus

ring pull n
zawleczka
ring for opening a can or a tin

ring road n
obwodnica
highway

ring theorist n
teoretyk pierścieni

ring theory n
teoria pierścieni
branch of mathematics

ring-billed gull n
mewa delawarska
Larus delawarensis

ring-necked duck n
czerniczka
Aythya collaris

ringleader /ˈɹɪŋˌliːdəɹ/ n
herszt prowodyr prowodyrka wodzirej wodzirejka
person who starts and leads a disturbance, a conspiracy, or a criminal gang
prowodyr prowodyrka wodzirej wodzirejka
leader of a group of people, especially an unofficial group

ringmaster n
antreprener
the person who manages the performers in a circus ring

ringtone n
dzwonek
sound made by a telephone when ringing

ringwoodite n
ringwoodyt
cubic form of olivine

ringworm n
parch
contagious fungal affliction of the skin

rink /ɹɪŋk/ n
lodowisko
sheet of ice prepared for playing certain sports

rinse /ɹɛns/ /ɹɪns/ v
płukać
to wash something quickly using water and no soap

riot /ˈɹaɪ.ət/ /ˈɹaɪ.ɪt/ n
hulanka
excessive and expensive feasting
zamieszki bunt zbiegowisko
tumultuous disturbance of public peace

riot police n
oddziały prewencji prewencja
a unit of police specifically trained to deal with rioting crowds

rioter /ˈɹaɪətə/ /ˈɹaɪətɚ/ n
buntowniczka buntownik
one who riots

rip /ɹɪp/ v
drzeć rozdzierać rozerwać rozrywać rwać
to divide or separate the parts of
zgrać zgrywać
to copy data to a device

rip current n
prąd odpływowy
strong water flow

rip-off n
naciągactwo szwindel
a scam or swindle
podróba podróbka
a cheap illegal copy
zdzierstwo
unfair price or rate

ripe /ɹaɪp/ adj
dojrzały
ready for reaping or gathering, of fruits and seeds

ripen /ˈɹaɪpən/ v
dojrzewać dojrzeć
to grow ripe

ripeness n
dojrzałość
characteristic of being ripe

ripening n
dojrzewanie
process

riposte /ɹɪˈpoʊst/ /ɹɪˈpəʊst/ n
riposta
(fencing)

ripper /ˈɹɪpə/ /ˈɹɪpɚ/ adj
bajer

ripple /ˈɹɪp(ə)l/ n
zmarszczka
moving disturbance or undulation in the surface of a liquid

ripple /ˈɹɪp(ə)l/ v
marszczyć się zmarszczyć się
to move like the undulating surface of a body of water

rise /ɹaɪs/ /ɹaɪz/ n
wzrost
increase (in a quantity, price, etc)

rise /ɹaɪs/ /ɹaɪz/ v
podnieść się unieść się
to move upwards
wschodzić
of a celestial body: to appear to move from behind the horizon

rise and shine v
pobudka
used to wish someone happiness upon waking up

rise from the ashes v
powstawać z popiołów powstać z popiołów
to make a comeback

rise from the dead v
zmartwychwstawać zmartwychwstać
to become alive after having died

rise through the ranks v
awansować

rise to the occasion v
stanąć na wysokości zadania stać na wysokości zadania
to show resolve or effectiveness in dealing with a difficulty

rise up v
powstawać powstać
to mount a rebellion

rise with the lark v
wstawać z kurami
be awake and out of bed early in the morning

risible /ˈɹaɪzɪbəl/ /ˈɹɪzɪbəl/ adj
wesoły
prone to laughter
śmiechowy
pertaining to laughter
śmieszny
provoking laughter

rising star n
wschodząca gwiazda
emerging talent

risk /ɹɪsk/ n
ryzyko
likelihood of a negative outcome
business etc.: potential (conventionally negative) effect of an event
ryzyko zagrożenie
possible, usually negative, outcome

risk /ɹɪsk/ v
ryzykować zaryzykować
to incur risk by something
to incur risk of something
to incur risk to something

risk assessment n
ocena ryzyka
determination of the potential impact of an individual risk
overall process of identifying risks

risk management n
zarządzanie ryzykiem
process of dealing with risk

risk one's neck v
kłaść głowę pod topór

risk-taking n
podejmowanie ryzyka

risktaker n
ryzykant ryzykantka
a person who takes risk, especially to reap the benefits if the feared event does not happen

risotto /ɹɪˈzoʊtoʊ/ /ɹɪˈzɒtəʊ/ n
risotto
food

risqué /ɹɪsˈkeɪ/ adj
nieprzyzwoity
bordering on the indelicate

ristretto adj
ristretto

rite /ɹaɪt/ n
obrządek obrzęd ryt rytuał
ritual

rite of passage n
obrzęd przejścia
ceremony to celebrate a transition

ritual /ˈɹɪt͡ʃ.u.əl/ adj
obrzędowy rytualny
related to a rite

ritual /ˈɹɪt͡ʃ.u.əl/ n
rytuał obrządek obrzęd
repeated set of actions

ritually /ˈɹɪt͡ʃu.əli/ adv
rytualnie
in a ritual manner

rival /ˈɹaɪvəl/ n
rywal konkurent konkurentka rywalka
competitor with the same objective

rivalry /ˈɹaɪ.vəl.ɹi/ n
rywalizacja
competition

river /ˈɹɪvə/ /ˈɹɪvɚ/ n
kanaliki
typography: visually undesirable effect of white space running down a page
rzeka
large stream which drains a landmass
any large flow of a liquid

river warbler n
strumieniówka
Locustella fluviatilis

riverbed /ˈɹɪv.əˌbed/ /ˈɹɪv.əˌbɛd/ /ˈɹɪv.ɚˌbɛd/ [ˈɹɪv.ɚˌbeː] n
koryto
a river bottom

riverine /ˈɹɪvəɹaɪn/ /ˈɹɪvɚ.aɪn/ /ˈɹɪvɚ.ɪn/ adj
rzeczny
of or pertaining to rivers

rivet /ˈɹɪvət/ n
nit
cylindrical mechanical fastener

rivulet /ˈɹɪv.jə.lət/ n
rzeczka strumyk
small brook

roach /ɹoʊt͡ʃ/ /ɹəʊtʃ/ n
płoć płotka
Rutilus rutilus

road /rod/ /ɹoʊd/ /ɹəʊd/ n
droga szosa ulica
a way for travel

road accident n
wypadek drogowy wypadek komunikacyjny
accident on the road

road bike n
kolarzówka
a lightweight bicycle with narrow wheels and downward curving handlebars

road map n
mapa drogowa
a map with a visual representation of roads used for automobile travel and navigation

road rage n
agresja na drodze
behaviour

road roller n
walec walec drogowy
heavy engineering vehicle used to compact asphalt

road sign n
znak drogowy
sign for traffic control or driver information

road trip n
objazdówka
recreational or impromptu excursion

road user n
uczestnik ruchu
road user

roadblock n
blokada
Something that blocks or obstructs a road

roadrunner /ˈɹoʊdˌɹʌnɚ/ /ˈɹəʊdˌɹʌnə/ n
kukawka
fast-running bird in the genus Geococcyx

roadside /ˈɹoʊdsaɪd/ /ˈɹəʊdsaɪd/ n
pobocze przydroże
area on either side of a road

roadside bomb n
fugas
explosive device

roadside hawk n
myszołów krzykliwy
Buteo magnirostris

roadstead /ˈɹoʊdˌstɛd/ /ˈɹəʊdstɛd/ n
reda
partly sheltered anchorage outside a harbour

roadway n
jezdnia
main or central portion of a road used by the vehicles

roadwork n
roboty drogowe
construction or maintenance done to roads

roadworker n
drogowiec
worker

roaming /ˈɹoʊmɪŋ/ /ˈɹəʊmɪŋ/ n
roaming
using a cell phone outside of its original registering zone

roar /ɹo(ː)ɹ/ /ɹoə/ /ɹɔɹ/ /ɹɔː/ n
ryk
cry of the lion
long, loud, deep shout
loud resounding noise such as sound of a motorbike or a similar engine

roar /ɹo(ː)ɹ/ /ɹoə/ /ɹɔɹ/ /ɹɔː/ v
ryczeć zaryczeć
of animals, to make a loud deep noise
to make loud, deep cry of emotion

roast /ɹoʊst/ /ɹəʊst/ n
pieczeń
cut of meat
roast
comical event

roast /ɹoʊst/ /ɹəʊst/ v
piec upiec
to cook food by heating in an oven or fire
prażyć
to cook by surrounding with hot embers, etc.

roast beef n
rostbef
Beef cooked by roasting

roasted /ˈɹoʊstɪd/ adj
pieczony
cooked by roasting

rob /ɹɑb/ /ɹɒb/ /ɹɔb/ v
grabić obrabować obłupić ograbić
to steal from, using violence
pozbawić
to deprive of

rob Peter to pay Paul v
zabrać jednemu, żeby dać drugiemu
to use resources producing no net gain

robber /ˈɹɑ.bɚ/ /ˈɹɒb.ə(ɹ)/ n
rozbójniczka rozbójnik złodziej złodziejka
one who robs

robbery /ˈɹɑbəɹi/ /ˈɹɒbəɹi/ /ˈɹɒbɹi/ n
rozbój
attempt of taking the property of another by threat
rozbój rabunek napad grabież
act or practice of robbing

robin /ˈɹɑː.bɪn/ /ˈɹɒ.bɪn/ n
drozd wędrowny
Turdus migratorius
rudzik
Erithacus rubecula

robot /ˈɹoʊ.bɑt/ /ˈɹoʊ.bət/ /ˈɹəʊ.bɒt/ n
robot
intelligent mechanical being
machine to perform complex tasks
person who does not seem to have any emotions

robotic /ɹoʊˈbɑt.ɪk/ /ɹəʊˈbɒt.ɪk/ /ɹəˈbɒt.ɪk/ [ɹoʊˈbɑɾɪk] adj
robotyczny
of, relating to, or resembling a robot

robotics /ɹoʊˈbɑt.ɪks/ /ɹəʊˈbɒt.ɪks/ [ɹoʊˈbɑɾɪks] n
robotyka
the science and technology of robots

robotization n
robotyzacja
the automation of a system or process by use of robotic devices

robust /ɹoʊˈbʌst/ /ɹəʊˈbʌst/ /ɹəˈbʌst/ adj
krzepki czerstwy rozrosły silny wysportowany
evincing strength

roche moutonnée /ɹɒʃ muːˈtɒneɪ/ n
baraniec muton
rock formation

rock /ɹɑk/ /ɹɒk/ /ɹɔk/ n
gruda
crystallized lump of crack cocaine
kamień
closed hand in rock paper scissors
kamień szlachetny
precious stone or gem
skała
natural mineral aggregate
mass of projecting rock
hill or island without vegetation
skała głaz
large stone or boulder
skała opoka
something strong, stable, and dependable
rock
style of music

rock and roll /ˈɹɑk ən(d) ˈɹoʊl/ /ˈɹɒk ən(d) ˈɹəʊl/ n
rock and roll rock'n'roll
style of music
style of vigorous dancing associated with this genre of music

rock bottom n
samo dno
the very lowest possible level

rock bunting n
głuszek trznadel głuszek
Emberiza cia

rock climbing n
wspinaczka skałkowa
sport of scaling rock faces

rock crystal n
kryształ górski
clear quartz

rock dove /ɹɒk dʌv/ n
gołąb skalny
Columba livia

rock group n
kapela
musical group specializing in rock music

rock hyrax n
góralek przylądkowy
Procavia capensis

rock music n
rock
popular music genre

rock paper scissors n
papier, kamień, nożyce
popular child's game

rock pipit n
świergotek nadmorski
Anthus petrosus

rock ptarmigan n
pardwa górska
Lagopus muta

rock salt n
sól kamienna
coarsely ground salt
mineral

rock samphire pn
babia sól koper morski kowniatek morski
Crithmum maritimum

rocker /ˈɹɑ.kɚ/ /ˈɹɒk.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈɹɔk.ə(ɹ)/ n
biegun
curved piece of wood
fotel bujany krzesło bujane
Hence, a rocking chair

rocket /ˈɹɑ.kət/ /ˈɹɑk.ɪt/ /ˈɹɒk.ɪt/ n
rakieta
military: non-guided missile
rocket engine
vehicle
rocket-propelled firework

rocket engine n
silnik rakietowy
reaction engine

rocket launcher n
wyrzutnia rakietowa
device for launching a missile

rocket science n
czarna magia
anything overly complex (idiomatic)

rocket scientist /ˌɹɑkət ˈsaɪəntəst/ /ˌɹɒkɪt ˈsaɪəntɪst/ n
geniusz mózgowiec
one qualified to handle or understand things which are very complex or confusing

rockfowl n
sępowronka
passerine bird

rocking chair n
fotel bujany fatersztul
chair with a curved base which can be gently rocked

rocking horse n
koń na biegunach
a child’s toy consisting of a (usually wooden) horse mounted on a rocker or swing

rockslide n
lawina kamienna
type of landslide characterized by falling rocks

rockstar n
gwiazda rocka
member of a rock band

rocky /ˈɹɑki/ /ˈɹɒki/ /ˈɹɔki/ [ˈɹʷɑki] [ˈɹʷɒki] [ˈɹʷɔki] adj
skalisty
abounding in, or full of, rocks

rococo /ɹəˈkəʊkəʊ/ n
rokoko
style of baroque architecture etc.

rod /ɹɑd/ /ɹɒd/ n
drążek
slang: penis
pałeczka
microbiology: rod shaped microorganism
pałeczka pręcik
stirring rod
pręcik
part of the retina of the eye
pręt
stick to measure length
straight round stick, shaft, or bar
unit of length
rózga kij
stick or bundle used for punishment
wędka
fishing rod or pole

rod cell n
pręcik
any of the cylindrical photoreceptor cells in the retina

rodent /ˈɹəʊdənt/ n
gryzoń
mammal of the order Rodentia

rodeo /ˈɹoʊ.di.oʊ/ n
rodeo
sport

roe /ˈɹoʊ/ /ˈɹəʊ/ n
ikra
eggs of fish

roe deer /ˈɹoʊˌdɪɹ/ /ˈɹəʊˌdɪə/ n
sarna
small deer species, Capreolus capreolus

roebuck /ˈɹəʊ.bʌk/ n
kozioł rogacz
male roe deer

roentgenium /ɹɛntˈɡɛniəm/ /ɹʌntˈɡɛniəm/ n
roentgen
chemical element

roentgenoluminescence n
rentgenoluminescencja
luminescence produced by exposition to the X-rays

roger /ˈɹɑd͡ʒɚ/ /ˈɹɒd͡ʒə/ interjection
przyjąć zrozumieć
received

rogue state n
państwo zbójeckie
state or nation acting outside of the accepted international norms and policies

roguery n
draństwo hultajstwo nikczemność łajdactwo
malicious or reckless behaviour
psota
mischievous behaviour

role /ɹol/ /ɹoʊl/ /ɹɐʉl/ /ɹəʊl/ [ɹʷoʊɫ] [ɹʷɒʊɫ] n
funkcja
(grammar) the function of a word in a phrase
rola
character or part
the expected behavior of an individual in a society
rola funkcja pozycja
the function or position of something

role model n
wzór przykład
person who serves as an example

role reversal n
odwrócenie ról zamiana ról

roleplaying game n
gra fabularna
type of game in which the players assume the role of a character

roll /ɹol/ /ɹoʊl/ /ɹɐʉl/ /ɹəʊl/ [ɹ̠ʷoɫ] [ɹ̠ʷɒʊɫ] n
rulon
that which is rolled up
zwój
a scroll

roll /ɹol/ /ɹoʊl/ /ɹɐʉl/ /ɹəʊl/ [ɹ̠ʷoɫ] [ɹ̠ʷɒʊɫ] v
toczyć
to cause something to revolve by turning over and over

roll call n
apel
reading of a list of names and responses

roll one's eyes v
przewracać oczami przewrócić oczami
turn one's eyes upwards

roll up one's sleeves v
zakasać rękawy
prepare to work
roll one's sleeves up

rollator n
rolator
walking frame with wheels

rolled ice cream n
lody tajskie

rolled oats n
płatki owsiane
oat groats rolled into flat flakes

roller /ˈɹoʊlɚ/ /ˈɹəʊlə/ n
kraska
bird of the family Coraciidae
wałek
anything that rolls

roller blind n
żaluzja roleta
blind for a window

roller skate n
łyżworolka rolka wrotka
a boot having small wheels

roller skating n
wrotkarstwo
skating on roller skates

rollerball n
pióro kulkowe
pen

rollerblade n
rolki łyżworolka
type of roller skate

rollercoaster /ˈɹoʊlɚˌkoʊstɚ/ n
kolejka górska rollercoaster
amusement ride

rolling pin n
wałek do ciasta wałek do ciasta
food preparation utensil

rollmop n
rolmops
fillet of herring

roly-poly /ˈɹoʊliˈpoʊli/ /ˌɹəʊlɪˈpəʊli/ n
pulpet
short, plump person (especially a child)
wańka-wstańka
toy that rights itself when pushed over

romaji /-mɑː-/ /ˈɹəʊ.mə.d͡ʒiː/ n
romaji
romanization of Japanese

romance /ɹoʊˈmæns/ /ɹəˈmæns/ /ˈɹoʊˌmæns/ /ˈɹəʊˌmæns/ n
romans
intimate relationship, love affair
music: sentimental ballad
story or novel dealing with idealized love
romantyka
mysterious, fascinating quality

romantic /ɹoʊˈmæn(t)ɪk/ /ɹə-/ /ɹəʊˈmæntɪk/ [-meə̯ntɪk] [-meə̯ɾ̃ɪk] [-mæɾ̃ɪk] [ɹoʊˈmæntɪk] [ɹə-] adj
romantyczny
concerned with, or conducive to, romance and love
fantastic, idealistic
powerfully sentimental, evocative

romantic /ɹoʊˈmæn(t)ɪk/ /ɹə-/ /ɹəʊˈmæntɪk/ [-meə̯ntɪk] [-meə̯ɾ̃ɪk] [-mæɾ̃ɪk] [ɹoʊˈmæntɪk] [ɹə-] n
romantyczka romantyk
person who is behaving romantically
person with romantic character

romantic comedy n
komedia romantyczna
love story
love story in fiction or film

romantically adv
romantycznie
in a romantic way

romanticism /ɹəʊˈmæntɪsɪzəm/ n
romantyzm romantyczność
romantic quality, spirit or action

romp /ɹɑmp/ /ɹɒmp/ n
swawola
period of boisterous play

rondel n
sztylet tarczkowy
long thin medieval dagger

roof /ɹuf/ /ɹuːf/ /ɹʊf/ n
dach
the cover at the top of a building
sklepienie strop
the upper part of a cavity

roof rack n
bagażnik dachowy
rack attached to the top of a car

roof tile n
dachówka
tile covering a roof

roofer /ˈɹuːfə(ɹ)/ /ˈɹuːfɚ/ /ˈɹʊfɚ/ n
dekarz
craftsman who lays or repairs roofs

roofing nail n
gwóźdź dekarski

rooibos /ˈɹɔɪ.bɒs/ /ˈɹɔɪ.bɔs/ /ˈɹɔɪ.bəs/ n
rooibos
shrub
tea

rook /ɹuːk/ /ɹʊk/ n
gawron
bird
wieża
chesspiece

rook /ɹuːk/ /ɹʊk/ v
oszukać
cheat, swindle

rookie /ˈɹʊki/ n
kot
inexperienced recruit in military or police
żółtodziób
novice

room /ɹum/ /ɹuːm/ /ɹʊm/ n
miejsce przestrzeń
space
pokój
internet: IRC or chat room
pokój izba komnata pomieszczenie komora
division in a building

room service n
obsługa hotelowa
department of a hotel
provision of food and drink to a guest room

room temperature n
temperatura pokojowa
normal temperature

roommate /ˈɹu(m)ˌmeɪt/ n
współlokator współlokatorka
US: with whom one shares an apartment or house
a person with whom one shares a room

roost /ɹuːst/ n
grzęda
place for sleeping birds

rooster /ˈɹustəɹ/ /ˈɹuːstə/ n
kogut kur kokot
male chicken; male gallinaceous bird

root /ɹuːt/ /ɹʊt/ n
cebulka korzeń pierwiastek
part of a hair under the skin
katalog główny
computing: highest directory of a directory structure
korzeń pierwiastek
part of a plant
of a tooth
graph theory: node in a tree that has no parent
philology: word from which another word or words are derived
pierwiastek korzeń
arithmetic: number or expression which when raised to a power gives the specified number or expression
pierwiastek miejsce zerowe
analysis: zero of a function
rdzeń podstawa słowotwórcza korzeń
linguistic morphology: primary lexical unit of a word
źródło korzeń
primary source

root /ɹuːt/ /ɹʊt/ v
przekopywać się
to rummage, root out
ryć
to turn up or dig with the snout - as pigs

root extraction n
pierwiastkowanie
process or result of computing the nth root of a real or complex number

root for v
kibicować
encourage a favored person

root hair n
włośniki

root mean square n
średnia kwadratowa
type of average

root vegetable n
warzywo korzeniowe
edible root

roots /ɹuːts/ /ɹʊts/ n
korzenie
ancestors
korzenie źródła
beginnings

rootstock n
podkładka
a healthy plant used as the base for grafting

rope /ɹoʊp/ /ɹəʊp/ n
lina sznur powróz
thick, strong string

ropemaker n
powroźnik
maker of ropes

ropemaking n
produkcja liny
the manufacture of rope

rorqual /ˈɹɔɹkwəl/ /ˈɹɔːkwəl/ n
fałdowiec
whale with long skin folds below mouth

rosary /ˈɹoʊzəɹi/ n
różaniec
Catholic prayer beads
devotion

rose /ɹoʊz/ /ɹəʊz/ [ɹ̠ʷəʊz̥] [ɻʷö̞ʊz̥] adj
różowy róża
color

rose /ɹoʊz/ /ɹəʊz/ [ɹ̠ʷəʊz̥] [ɻʷö̞ʊz̥] n
róża
flower
shrub

rose fish n
karmazyn
Sebastes norvegicus

rose garden n
rosarium
garden planted in roses

rose quartz n
kwarc różowy
pinkish to reddish-colored quartz

rose window n
rozeta różyca
circular window

rose-breasted grosbeak n
łuszcz strojny
Pheucticus ludovicianus

rose-colored glasses n
różowe okulary
overly optimistic perception of something

rosebush n
krzew róży
rose plant

rosefinch n
dziwonia
bird in the genus Carpodacus

rosehip /ˈɹoʊzˌhɪp/ /ˈɹəʊzˌhɪp/ n
dzika róża psia róża róża dzika sypel szypszyna
the fruit of a rose plant

rosemary /ˈɹoʊzˌmɛəɹi/ /ˈɹəʊzməɹi/ n
rozmaryn rozmaryn lekarski
shrub

roseola infantum n
rumień nagły trzydniówka
disease

rosette /ɹoʊˈzɛt/ /ɹəʊˈzɛt/ n
rozeta
architectural ornament
ornamental imitation of a rose

rosewood n
palisander
fragrant wood of Dalbergia nigra

rosin /ˈɹɑz.əm/ /ˈɹɑz.ən/ /ˈɹɒz.ən/ /ˈɹɔz.əm/ n
kalafonia
solid form of resin

rostral adj
rostralny
serving as a rostrum

rostrum /ˈɹɑstɹəm/ /ˈɹɒstɹəm/ /ˈɹɔs-/ n
mównica pulpit
dais, pulpit, or similar platform

rosé wine n
wino różowe
pink coloured wine

rot /ɹɑt/ /ɹɒt/ /ɹɔt/ v
gnić
(intransitive) to suffer decomposition

rotate /ɹəʊˈteɪt/ /ˈɹoʊteɪt/ v
obracać się obrócić się
to spin, turn, or revolve
obracać obrócić
to spin, turn, or revolve something

rotating adj
obracający wirujący
that rotates

rotation /ɹoʊˈteɪʃən/ n
obracanie
act of turning around a centre
obrót
single cycle of turning

rotational adj
obrotowy
of, pertaining to or caused by rotation

rotavirus /ˈɹəʊtəˌvaɪɹəs/ n
rotawirus
any of a group of wheel-shaped viruses

rote /ɹoʊt/ /ɹəʊt/ n
powtarzanie repetycja zapamiętywanie
process of committing to memory

rotgut n
berbelucha
raw or poor-quality alcoholic liquor

rotifer n
wrotek
organism of the phylum Rotifera

rotor /ˈɹoʊ.ɾə/ /ˈɹoʊ.ɾɚ/ /ˈɹəʊ.tə/ n
rotor wirnik
a rotating part of a mechanical device
wirnik śmigło
the wing of a helicopter or similar

rotorcraft n
wiropłat
aircraft that obtains its lift from rotors

rotten /ˈɹɑtn̩/ /ˈɹɒtn̩/ [ˈɹɑʔn̩] adj
zepsuty
cruel, mean or immoral
bad or terrible
zepsuty zgniły
decayed, gone bad

rotten borough /-ˈbɜ-/ /ˌɹɑtn̩ ˈbʌɹoʊ/ /ˌɹɒtn̩ ˈbʌɹə/ [ˌɹɑʔn̩-] n
zgniłe miasteczko
parliamentary borough represented in Parliament although the number of voters had diminished so greatly they were largely controlled by the main landowner; parliamentary constituency or electoral district in a similar situation

rotunda /ɹoʊˈtʌndə/ /ɹə(ʊ)ˈtʌndə/ n
rotunda
architecture: round building, often with a dome
typography: Gothic typeface based on a 13th-C. rounded script

rough /ɹʌf/ adj
szorstki chropowaty zgrubny
not smooth

rough around the edges adj
niedoskonały
in need of refinement

rough breathing n
przydech mocny
Ancient Greek diacritical mark

roughly speaking adv
z grubsza

roulade /ɹuːˈlɑːd/ n
rolada
A slice of meat that is rolled up, stuffed, and cooked

roulette /ɹuːˈlɛt/ n
ruletka
game of chance

round /ˈɹaʊnd/ adj
okrągły
circular or cylindrical
complete, not lacking
spherical
of a number that has been rounded off

round /ˈɹaʊnd/ n
kolejka
serving
krąg koło okrąg runda
circular object
nabój pocisk
individual ammunition shell
obchód
circular or repetitious route
runda
stage of a sports competition
segment of a sport event

round /ˈɹaʊnd/ v
zaokrąglać zaokrąglić
to approximate a number

round angle n
kąt pełny
an angle of 360 degrees

round bracket n
nawias
parenthesis, bracket

round off v
wyokrąglać wyokrąglić zaokrąglać zaokrąglić
to change the shape of an object to make it more circular
zaokrąglać zaokrąglić
to change a number into an approximation having fewer significant digits

round table n
okrągły stół
conference

round trip n
podróż w obie strony
a trip from one destination to another and then returning to the starting location

round-the-clock adj
całodobowy dwudziestoczterogodzinny
all day long

roundabout /ˈɹaʊndəˌbaʊt/ adj
okrężny okólny

roundabout /ˈɹaʊndəˌbaʊt/ n
karuzela
children's play apparatus which rotates around a central axis when pushed
rondo
road junction at which traffic streams circularly around a central island

rounded /ˈɹaʊndɪd/ adj
zaokrąglony
made into a circle or a sphere
pronounced with the lips drawn together

roundel /ˈɹaʊn.dəl/ n
basteja
a bastion of a circular form

roundhouse kick n
kopnięcie okrężne

rounding /ˈɹaʊndɪŋ/ n
zaokrąglanie
the act of rounding a mathematical value
the act of rounding one's lips

roustabout n
portowiec wyrobnik
an unskilled laborer

rout /ɹaʊt/ [ɹʌʊt] n
rozgromienie
act of completely defeating an army, etc., causing it to retreat in a disorganized manner; convincing defeat

route /ɹaʊt/ /ɹut/ /ɹuːt/ /ɹʉːt/ n
sposób
way to do something
trasa szlak
course or way traveled

route /ɹaʊt/ /ɹut/ /ɹuːt/ /ɹʉːt/ v
pokierować wskazać kierunek
to direct along a particular course
trasować
computer: to send information via a router
internet: to connect two LANs

route planner n
nawigacja nawigator
tool for finding optimal routes

router /ˈɹaʊ.ɾɚ/ /ˈɹu.ɾɚ/ /ˈɹuː.tə(ɹ)/ n
router ruter trasownik
device that connects local area networks to form a larger internet

routine /ɹuːˈtiːn/ n
układ
course of action to be followed regularly; a standard procedure

routing /ˈɹaʊtɪŋ/ /ˈɹutɪŋ/ /ˈɹuːtɪŋ/ n
routing
a method of finding paths from origins to destinations in a network such as the Internet

roux /ɹuː/ n
zasmażka
mixture of fat (usually butter) and flour used to thicken sauces and stews

rove /ɹoʊv/ /ɹəʊv/ v
błądzić
to wander about at random

rover /ˈɹoʊvɚ/ /ˈɹəʊvə(ɹ)/ n
wagabunda włóczykij
one who roves
łazik
a vehicle for exploring extraterrestrial bodies

row /ɹaʊ/ n
awantura
noisy argument

row /ˈɹoʊ/ /ˈɹəʊ/ n
rząd szereg
line of objects
wiersz
in a table

row /ɹoʊ/ /ɹəʊ/ v
wiosłować
transitive:propel over water using oars
intransitive: propel a boat or other craft over water using oars

rowan /ˈɹaʊ.ən/ /ˈɹoʊ.ən/ /ˈɹəʊ.ən/ n
jarzębina jarząb
tree or shrub of the genus Sorbus
jarzębina jarząb pospolity
Sorbus aucuparia

rowanberry n
jarzębina
fruits of the rowan

rowboat /ˈɹəʊbəʊt/ n
łódź wiosłowa
small boat that is rowed

rowdily adv
awanturniczo

rowdiness n
awanturnictwo awanturniczość
the state of being rowdy

rowdy /ˈɹaʊdi/ adj
awanturniczy
rough and disorderly

rower /ˈɹəʊ.ə(ɹ)/ n
wioślarz bębniarz wioślarka
person who rows a boat

rowing /ˈɹoʊɪŋ/ /ˈɹəʊɪŋ/ n
wiosłowanie
action of the verb "to row"
wioślarstwo
the sport

royal /ˈɹɔɪ(ə)l/ /ˈɹɔɪəl/ adj
królewski
of or relating to a monarch or his family

royal blue n
błękit królewski smalta
colour

royal family n
rodzina królewska
family of the ruling sovereign of a country or state

royal flush n
poker królewski
ace-high straight flush

royal jelly n
mleczko pszczele
substance secreted by bees

royal road n
łatwy sposób
easy way

royal we n
pluralis majestatis
plural we used by a sovereign

royalist n
rojalista rojalistka
supporter of monarchy

royally adv
królewsko
in a royal manner

royalty /ˈɹɔɪəlti/ n
królewskość
rank, status, etc. of a monarch
tantiema
payment made to owner of intellectual property

rub /ɹʌb/ [ɹɐb] v
ocierać
to rub something against (a second thing)
trzeć
to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
wcierać
to spread a substance thinly over; to smear

rub salt in the wound v
posypać rany solą posypywać rany solą
to make an injury feel worse

rub someone's nose in v
wypominać wypomnieć

rubber /ˈɹʌbə(ɹ)/ /ˈɹʌbɚ/ [ˈɹɐbə(ɹ)] n
guma
pliable material derived from the sap of the rubber tree
synthetic materials with the same properties
gumka
condom

rubber duck n
(gumowa) kaczuszka
toy shaped like a duck

rubber stamp n
stempel pieczątka
piece of rubber to make an imprint

rubber tree n
kauczukowiec
Hevea brasiliensis

rubbernecker /ˈrʌbəˌnɛkə/ /ˈrʌbɚˌnɛkɚ/ n
gap gapowicz gapowiczka
someone who cranes their neck to see something

rubble /ˈɹʌb.əl/ n
rumowisko
the broken remains of an object, usually rock or masonry

rube /ɹuːb/ n
prostak
pejorative: uninformed, unsophisticated, or unintelligent person
wieśniak
person of rural heritage; a yokel

rubella /ɹuːˈbɛlə/ n
różyczka kur
disease caused by the Rubella virus infecting the respiratory tract

rubidium /ˌɹuːˈbɪd.i.əm/ n
rubid
element with atomic number 37

ruble /ɹuːbəl/ n
rubel
Russian monetary unit

ruby /ˈɹuː.bi/ adj
rubinowy
of a deep red colour

ruby /ˈɹuː.bi/ n
rubin
type of gem

ruche /ɹuːʃ/ n
riusza riuszka
fluted or pleated fabric

rucksack /ˈɹʌkˌsæk/ n
plecak
a bag carried on the back; backpack

ruckus /ˈɹʌkəs/ n
zamieszanie
a noisy disturbance and/or commotion

rudd /ɹʌd/ n
wzdręga
fish Scardinius erythrophthalmus

rudder /ˈɹʌdə(ɹ)/ /ˈɹʌdɚ/ n
ster
underwater vane used to steer a vessel
ster kierunku ster
control surface of an aircraft

ruddy shelduck n
kazarka rdzawa
duck

rude /ɹud/ /ɹuːd/ /ɹɪʊ̯d/ /ɹʉːd/ adj
nieprzyzwoity obsceniczny
obscene, pornographic, offensive
nieuprzejmy grubiański chamski
bad-mannered

rude awakening n
kubeł zimnej wody zimny prysznic

rudimentary /ˌɹuːdɪˈmɛntəɹi/ /ˌɹuːdɪˈmɛnt͡ʃɹi/ adj
podstawowy elementarny
of or relating to rudiments
rudymentarny minimalny ograniczony
basic; minimal

rue /ɹuː/ n
ruta
any of various perennial shrubs of the genus Ruta

ruff /ɹəf/ /ɹʌf/ n
batalion bojownik batalion
Philomachus pugnax
kryza kreza
circular frill or ruffle on a garment

ruffe n
jazgarz
fish of the genus Gymnocephalus

ruffed grouse n
cieciornik
game bird

ruffian /ˈɹʌfi.ən/ n
artysta artystka
scoundrel, rascal

ruffle /ˈɹʌfəl/ n
falbana
strip of fabric

rufous-bellied kookaburra n
kukabura rdzawobrzucha
Dacelo gaudichaud

rufous-bellied tit n
sikora rdzawobrzucha
Melaniparus rufiventris

rufous-capped antshrike n
chronka rdzawoglowa
Thamnophilus ruficapillus

rufous-winged antshrike n
chronka brazylijska
Thamnophilus torquatus

rug /ɹʌɡ/ n
dywanik
partial floor covering

rugby /ˈɹʌɡbi/ n
rugby
form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball

rugby ball n
piłka do rugby
spheroidal ball designed for the sport of rugby

rugrat n
basałyk

ruin /ˈɹuː.ɪn/ [ˈɹuwɪn] n
ruina
remains of destroyed construction

ruin /ˈɹuː.ɪn/ [ˈɹuwɪn] v
rujnować zrujnować
to cause the economical ruin of

rule /ɹuːl/ n
panowanie
the act of ruling; control
reguła
regulation

rule /ɹuːl/ v
panować rządzić
to regulate, be in charge of, make decisions for, reign over
wydać orzeczenie
to decide judicially
wymiatać
slang: to excel

rule of engagement n
przepisy angażowania
internal rules defining how to use force

rule of law n
praworządność
the doctrine that no individual is above the law

rule of three pn
reguła trzech
mathematical rule

rule out v
wykluczać
to make something impossible

rulemaking adj
normotwórczy
having the power to make rules

rulemaking n
normotwórstwo prawodawstwo prawotwórstwo
the process of creating regulations

ruler /ˈɹulɚ/ /ˈɹuː.lə/ /ˈɹuːl.ə/ /ˈɹuːlə(ɹ)/ [ˈɹʉwlə] [ˈɹʊwɫə] n
linijka
measuring or drawing device
władca włodarz
person who rules or governs
władczyni
a female person who rules or governs

rulership /ˈɹuːlə(ɹ)ʃɪp/ n
władza władztwo
where one rules over others

rules are made to be broken proverb
zasady są po to, żeby je łamać
it is acceptable to break rules

rules of the road n
kodeks drogowy
laws that govern driving

ruling pen n
grafion
a drawing instrument

rum /ɹʌm/ n
rum
distilled spirit

rum ball n
bajadera bajaderka kartofelek ziemniaczek

rumba /ˈɹʊmbə/ /ˈɹʌmbə/ n
rumba
dance

rumble /ˈɹʌmb(ə)l/ v
dudnić tętnić
to make a low pitched noise

rumen /ˈɹu.mən/ n
żwacz
first stomach of ruminants

ruminant /ˈɹuːmɪnənt/ n
przeżuwacz zwierzę przeżuwające
artiodactyl ungulate mammal which chews cud

rummy /ˈɹʌmi/ /ˈɹʌmɪ/ n
remibrydż remik żolik
card game

rumor /ˈɹumɚ/ /ˈɹuːmə(ɹ)/ n
plotka pogłoska
statement or claim from no known reliable source

rumour has it phraseologicalUnit
płotka głosi, że
there is a rumor that...

rump /ˈɹʌmp/ n
zad
the hindquarters of an animal

rump steak n
rumsztyk

rumple /ˈɹʌmpəl/ v
miąć gnieść marszczyć pognieść zmarszczyć zmiąć
to make wrinkled

run /ɹʊn/ /ɹʌn/ n
bieg
act of running
flow of liquid
biegnik
music: rapid passage along a scale
oczko
line of unravelled stitches
wybieg
enclosure for animals

run /ɹʊn/ /ɹʌn/ v
biec
to extend in time, to last, to continue
to extend in space or through a range
to compete in a race
biec biegać
to move quickly on two feet
to move quickly
biec cieknąć
to flow

run after v
biegać
follow quickly
try to win someone's affections

run around v
biegać
to be very busy

run away v
uciekać
to flee by running

run in the family v
wyssać z mlekiem matki
to be observed in several generations

run into v
najechać najeżdżać
to collide with

run out v
kończyć się skończyć się zabraknąć
to expire, to come to an end

run out of steam v
wypalać się wypalić się
to run out of energy or motivation

run over v
przejechać przejeżdżać rozjechać rozjeżdżać
to drive over, causing injury or death

run the gauntlet v
podejmować wyzwanie podjąć wyzwanie
to undergo a series of tests or challenges

run with the hare and hunt with the hounds v
Panu Bogu świeczkę i diabłu ogarek
support both sides of an argument

run-of-the-mill adj
zwyczajny
ordinary

rune /ɹuːn/ n
runa
letter or character

runestone n
kamień runiczny
stone with a runic inscription

rung /ɹʌŋ/ n
poprzeczka
crosspiece between chair legs
szczebel
ladder step

runner /ˈɹʌnə/ /ˈɹʌnɚ/ n
biegacz biegaczka
somebody who runs, who moves at a fast pace
bieżnik
strip of fabric used to decorate a table

runner bean n
fasola wielokwiatowa
a climbing plant, Phaseolus coccineus, having long bean pods

runner-up /ˌɹʌn.əˈɹʌp/ /ˌɹʌn.ɚˈʌp/ n
wicemistrz
the person who finishes in any position after the first

running /ˈɹʌniŋ/ n
bieg
sport
bieg bieganie
the action of the verb to run

running board n
stopień
step under the car door

running mate n
kandydat na wiceprezydenta kandydatka na wiceprezydenta
candidate for the US vice-presidency
kandydat kandydatka
candidate on a joint ticket

running meter n
metr bieżący
length of one meter

running track n
bieżnia
track for running events

running water n
bieżąca woda
water from taps

runny nose n
katar
condition of discharge of mucus from the nose

runoff n
balotaż
politics: second or further round of an indecisive election

runs /ɹʌnz/ n
biegunka sraczka
diarrhea

runt /ˈɹʌnt/ n
cherlak
undersized or stunted plant, animal or person

runway /ˈɹən-/ /ˈɹʌnweɪ/ /ˈɹʌnˌweɪ/ n
droga startowa pas startowy
(aviation) strip for airplanes to land on or take off from
wybieg
walkway extending from a stage

rupee /ɹuˈpi/ /ɹʊ-/ /ˈɹupi/ /ˌɹuːˈpiː/ n
rupia
monetary currency

rural /ˈɹɔː.ɹəl/ /ˈɹɝ.əl/ /ˈɹʊ.ɹəl/ /ˈɹʊə.ɹəl/ adj
wiejski sielski wioskowy
pertaining to non-urban areas

ruralization n
ruralizacja
change in a country or region when its population migrates from urban to rural areas
process of making rural
process of the formation of villages and the decline of big cities

rusa deer n
Sambar sundajski
Cervus timorensis

rusalka n
rusałka
female water spirit that leads handsome men to their deaths

ruse /ɹuz/ /ɹuːz/ n
podstęp mistyfikacja wybieg
action intended to deceive

rush /ɹʌʃ/ n
sit
plant
pośpiech
haste

rush /ɹʌʃ/ v
biec
to flow or move forward rapidly or noisily
biec spieszyć się
to hurry

rush hour n
godziny szczytu
times of day when traffic jams are commonplace, principally due to commuting

rushnyk n
ręcznik
traditional East Slavic towel/cloth

rusk /ɹʌsk/ n
suchar
light, soft bread, often toasted or crisped in an oven

russula n
gołąbek
any mushroom of the genus Russula

rust /ɹʌst/ n
rdza
result of oxidation
plant disease
colour

rust /ɹʌst/ v
rdzewieć zardzewieć
to oxidise

rustic /ˈɹʌstɪk/ adj
rustykalny wiejski
country-styled

rustic bunting n
trznadel czubaty
Emberiza rustica

rustle /ˈɹʌsəl/ n
szelest
soft crackling sound

rustle /ˈɹʌsəl/ v
szeleścić
to move (something) with a soft crackling sound

rustler n
złodziej bydła
cattle thief

rustless adj
nierdzewny
that does not rust

rustproof adj
nierdzewny
resistant to rust, oxidation and corrosion

rusty /ˈɹʌsti/ adj
zardzewiały
affected by rust

rut /ɹʌt/ n
ruja
sexual desire or oestrus
koleina
furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground

rutabaga /ˈɹutəˌbeɪɡə/ n
brukiew
edible root
plant

ruthenium /ɹuːˈθiːniəm/ n
ruten
chemical element

rutherfordium /ˌɹʌðəɹˈfɔːɹdiəm/ n
rutherford
chemical element

ruthless /ˈɹuːθləs/ adj
bezwzględny bezpardonowy
without pity or compassion

ruthlessly /ˈɹuːθ.ləs.li/ /ˈɹuːθ.lɪs.li/ adv
bezpardonowo bezwzględnie niemiłosiernie
in a ruthless manner

ruthlessness n
bezpardonowość bezwzględność

rutile n
rutyl
the most frequent of the three polymorphs of titanium dioxide

rutting season n
bekowisko
season for rutting

ryazhanka n
rjażenka
beverage

rye /ɹaɪ/ n
żyto
the grass Secale cereale or its grains as food

rye bread n
chleb żytni
type of bread

ryegrass n
życica
species of grasses

röntgen /ˈɹɜːnt.ɡən/ n
rentgen
unit of exposure to ionizing radiation

rösti /ˈɹɒstɪ/ /ˈɹɔsti/ /ˈɹɜːstɪ/ /ˈɹʊʃti/ n
roesti rösti
traditional dish in Germanophone Switzerland made from fried potatoes

sabbatical n
urlop
extended period of leave

sable /ˈseɪbəl/ /ˈseɪbɫ/ adj
czarny
of black colour on a coat of arms

sable /ˈseɪbəl/ /ˈseɪbɫ/ n
czerń
heraldic colour
soból
animal

sablefish n
dorszyk czarny
Anoplopoma fimbria

sabot /ˈsæboʊ/ /ˈsæbəʊ/ n
drewniak sabot
a wooden shoe worn in various European countries

sabotage /sæ.bɒˈtɑːʒ/ /ˈsæ.bɒˌtɑːʒ/ /ˈsæ.bɒˌtɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈsæ.bəˌtɑːʒ/ /ˈsæb.əˌtɑʒ/ /ˌsæb.əˈtɑʒ/ n
sabotaż dywersja szkodzenie
deliberate action of subversion, obstruction, disruption, destruction

sabotage /sæ.bɒˈtɑːʒ/ /ˈsæ.bɒˌtɑːʒ/ /ˈsæ.bɒˌtɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈsæ.bəˌtɑːʒ/ /ˈsæb.əˌtɑʒ/ /ˌsæb.əˈtɑʒ/ v
sabotować
deliberately destruct to prevent success

saboteur /ˌsæbəˈtɜː(ɹ)/ /ˌsæbəˈtʊə(ɹ)/ n
sabotażysta dywersant dywersantka sabotażystka
a person who intentionally causes the destruction of property

sabre /ˈseɪ.bə(ɹ)/ /ˈseɪ.bɚ/ n
szabla
light sword, sharp along the front edge, part of the back edge, and at the point
modern fencing sword modeled after the sabre

sabre saw n
pilarka szablasta
portable electric jigsaw

sabre-rattle v
grozić wojną
to threaten a big battle or war

sabre-rattling n
pobrzękiwanie szabelką
display of military power as an implied threat

sabre-toothed tiger n
tygrys szablozębny
prehistoric cat

sabretache /-b(ɹ)ə-/ /ˈsaɪ.bə(ɹ)ˌtæʃ/ /ˈsæ-/ n
szabeltas
hanging cavalry pouch

saccharide /ˈsæk.əˌɹaɪd/ /ˈsæk.ɚ.ɪd/ n
sacharyd
the unit structure of carbohydrates, of general formula CnH2nOn

saccharin /ˈsækəɹɪn/ n
sacharyna
white crystalline powder

saccharine /-ɹiːn/ /-ɹən/ /-ɹɪn/ /ˈsækəɹaɪn/ /ˈsækəɹɪn/ /ˈsækɹɪn/ adj
ckliwy
excessively sweet, especially if romantic or sentimental to the point of ridiculousness

sachet /sæˈʃeɪ/ /ˈsæʃeɪ/ n
saszetka
cheesecloth bag of herbs and/or spices
small, sealed packet

sack /sæk/ n
worek
bag for commodities or items

sack race n
wyścig w workach
type of children's game

sacral /ˈseɪkɹəl/ /ˈsækɹəl/ adj
sakralny
sacred

sacrament /ˈsækɹəmənt/ n
sakrament
sacred act or ceremony

sacramental adj
sakramentalny
used in, or relating to, a sacrament

sacramental n
sakramentalia
an object or action which spiritually aids its faithful users

sacramentary n
sakramentarz
ancient book containing the rites for Mass, the sacraments, etc.

sacred /ˈseɪkɹɪd/ adj
święty
made holy

sacred cow n
święta krowa
something which cannot be tampered with

sacred lotus n
lotos orzechodajny
Nelumbo nucifera

sacrifice /ˈsækɹɪfaɪs/ /ˈsækɹɪfaɪz/ n
ofiara
something sacrificed
something offered to a god
ofiara poświęcenie
the devotion of something desirable to something higher

sacrifice /ˈsækɹɪfaɪs/ /ˈsækɹɪfaɪz/ v
ofiarować złożyć w ofierze
to offer as a gift to a deity
poświęcać poświęcić
to give away something valuable in order to gain something else of value
to sell without profit

sacrificial lamb n
kozioł ofiarny
person

sacrilege /ˈsækɹəlɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈsækɹɪlɪd͡ʒ/ n
świętokradztwo blasfemia bluźnierstwo profanacja
desecration, profanation, misuse or violation of something sacred

sacrilegious /sæk.ɹəˈlid͡ʒəs/ /sæk.ɹəˈlɪd͡ʒ.əs/ adj
bluźnierczy świętokradczy świętokradzki
committing sacrilege

sacristan /ˈsækɹɪstən/ n
kościelna kościelny zakrystian zakrystianka
person who maintains the sacristy

sacristy n
zakrystia
room in a church

sacrosanct /ˈsæk.ɹoʊˌsæŋkt/ adj
przenajświętszy
sacred, very holy

sacrum n
krzyż kość krzyżowa
bone at the base of the spine

sad /sæd/ adj
smutny
feeling sorrow
appearing sorrowful

sadden /ˈsædən/ v
smucić zasmucać zasmucić
make sad or unhappy

saddle /ˈsæd(ə)l/ /ˈsædl̩/ n
comber
cut of meat that includes both loins and part of the backbone
listwa progowa
raised floorboard in a doorway
przełęcz siodło
low point, in the shape of a saddle, between two hills
siodełko siodło
immovable seat of a bicycle, motorcycle, or similar vehicle
siodło
seat for a rider placed on the back of a horse or other animal

saddle /ˈsæd(ə)l/ /ˈsædl̩/ v
siodłać osiodłać
(transitive) to put a saddle on (an animal)

saddle bow n
łęk
front part of saddle

saddle point n
punkt siodłowy
geometry

saddlebag /ˈsædəlˌbæɡ/ n
juk
covered pouch

saddler /ˈsadlə/ /ˈsædlɚ/ n
siodlarz rymarz
someone who makes and repairs saddles

sadhu /ˈsɑːdhuː/ n
sadhu
ascetic or practitioner of yoga

sadism /ˈseɪdɪzəm/ n
sadyzm
psychology: the enjoyment of inflicting pain or humiliation
sexual gratification from inflicting pain or humiliation, or watching it inflicted
deliberate cruelty

sadist /ˈseɪdɪst/ /ˈsædɪst/ n
sadysta
one who derives pleasure through cruelty or pain to others

sadistic /səˈdɪstɪk/ adj
sadystyczny
of a person
of behaviour

sadly /ˈsædli/ adv
smutno
in a sad manner

sadness /ˈsædnəs/ n
smutek
state/emotion

sadomasochism /seɪdəʊˈmæsəkɪzəm/ n
sadomasochizm
practices of sadism and masochism collectively

safari /səˈfɑːɹ.i/ n
safari
a trip into any undeveloped area

safari park n
park safari
zoo-like attraction

safe /seɪf/ adj
bezpieczny
free from risk
not in danger
properly secured
providing protection from danger
not in danger from a specified source of harm

safe /seɪf/ n
sejf kasa pancerna
box in which valuables can be locked for safekeeping

safe and sound adj
cały i zdrowy cała i zdrowa
having come to no harm

safe mode n
tryb awaryjny
(computing) troubleshooting mode

safe sex n
bezpieczny seks
sexual activity that minize risks

safe travels /ˈseɪf ˈtɹævəlz/ interjection
szerokiej drogi

safecracker n
kasiarz
translation one who practices safecracking

safehouse n
kryjówka
secure location

safely /ˈseɪfli/ adv
bezpiecznie
in a safe manner
in a secure manner; without the possibility of injury or harm resulting

safety /ˈseɪfti/ n
bezpieczeństwo
condition or feeling of being safe
zabezpieczenie
mechanism to prevent accidental firing

safety cushion n
poduszka finansowa

safety pin n
agrafka
pin in the form of a clasp
zawleczka
pin of a hand grenade

safety razor n
golarka maszynka do golenia
type of razor

safety valve /ˈseɪfti ˌvælv/ /ˈseɪftɪ ˌvælv/ n
pojistný ventil zawór bezpieczeństwa
valve set to open at a pressure below that at which a container holding a gas, vapour, etc., would burst, thus reducing the pressure
wentyl wentyl bezpieczeństwa
mechanism offering relief from physical or emotional pressure or tension

safflower /ˈsæfˌlaʊə(ɹ)/ n
krokosz
plant

saffron /ˈsæfəɹn/ /ˈsæfɹən/ adj
szafranowy
having an orange-yellow colour

saffron /ˈsæfəɹn/ /ˈsæfɹən/ n
szafran
spice
dye
szafran (kolor) szafranowy
colour
szafran krokus
plant

saffron milk cap n
mleczaj rydz rydz
edible mushroom

sag /sæɡ/ n
obniżenie
difference in elevation

saga /ˈsɑːɡə/ n
saga
Old Norse Icelandic prose
long epic story

sagacious /səˈɡeɪʃəs/ adj
roztropny
having or showing keen discernment

sagacity /səˈɡæsəti/ /səˈɡæsɪti/ n
mądrość roztropność
quality of being sage

sage /seɪd͡ʒ/ adj
mądry rozumny
wise

sage /seɪd͡ʒ/ n
mędrzec
wise person
szałwia
Salvia officinalis used in cooking
plant of the genus Salvia
szałwia szałwia lekarska
Salvia officinalis

sage grouse n
preriokur ostrosterny
Centrocercus urophasianus

sagitta /səˈd͡ʒɪt.ə/ n
strzałka
distance from a point in a curve to the chord

saibling /ˈsaɪblɪŋ/ /ˈzaɪblɪŋ/ n
golec golec zwyczajny pstrąg alpejski
Salvelinus alpinus, a char of Europe

saiga n
suhak
antelope

sail /seɪl/ [seɪ̯ɫ] n
kiosk
a tower-like structure found on the topside of a submarine
pneumatofor pęcherz powietrzny
floating organ of siphonophores
skrzydło śmiga
the blade of a windmill
żagiel
a piece of fabric attached to a boat

sail /seɪl/ [seɪ̯ɫ] v
żeglować
to ride in a boat, especially sailboat
to move briskly and gracefully through the air

sailboard n
deska windsurfingowa
surfboard with a small sail on a flexible mast

sailboat /ˈseɪlˌboʊt/ /ˈseɪlˌbəʊt/ n
żaglówka
a boat propelled by a sail

sailfish n
żaglica
sailfish

sailing /ˈseɪ.lɪŋ/ adj
żeglować
travelling by ship

sailing /ˈseɪ.lɪŋ/ n
żeglarstwo żeglowanie
motion across water

sailing ship n
żaglowiec
type of ship

sailmaker n
żaglownik
occupation

sailor /ˈseɪ.lə/ /ˈseɪ.lɚ/ n
marynarz żeglarka żeglarz
worker on a ship, seaman, seawoman
żeglarka żeglarz
person who sails as a sport

sailoress n
żeglarka
female sailor

saimiri n
sajmiri
Any member of Saimiri taxonomic genus
Squirrel monkey

sainfoin /ˈseɪnfɔɪn/ /ˈsænfɔɪn/ n
sparceta
perennial herbs

saint /seɪnt/ /sən(t)/ [sn̩(t)] [sɨn(t)] n
święty święta
person proclaimed as saint
(figuratively) a person with positive qualities

sake /ˈseɪk/ n
wzgląd
cause, interest or account

saker /ˈseɪkə/ /ˈseɪkɚ/ n
raróg
falcon

sakura /səˈkʊəɹə/ /ˈsækʊɹə/ /ˈsɑːkʊɹə/ n
sakura
Japanese cherry tree

saké /ˈsækeɪ/ /ˈsæki/ /ˈsɑːkeɪ/ /ˈsɑːki/ n
sake
Japanese rice wine

salaam interjection
salam
a Muslim greeting

salaam alaikum /səˈlɑːm əˌleɪkʊm/ interjection
salam alejkum
peace be upon you (Muslim greeting)

salacious /səˈleɪ.ʃəs/ adj
lubieżny sprośny zbereźny
lascivious, bawdy, obscene, lewd

salad /ˈsæləd/ /ˈsælɪd/ /ˈsælɪt/ n
sałatka surówka
food

salad bowl n
salaterka
bowl for salad

salamander /ˈsæləˌmændə/ /ˈsæləˌmændɚ/ /ˈsæləˌmɑːndə/ n
salamandra
amphibian
mythical creature
small broiler

salami [səˈlɑːmɪ] n
salami
sausage

salary /ˈsæl.ə.ɹi/ /ˈsæl.ɚ.i/ n
pensja płaca wynagrodzenie
fixed amount of money paid on monthly or annual basis

sale /seɪl/ n
sprzedaż
exchange of goods or services for currency or credit
wyprzedaż
sale of goods at reduced prices

saleable /ˈseɪləbl̩/ adj
sprzedawalny
suitable for sale

salep /ˈsæləp/ n
salep

sales representative n
akwizytor akwizytorka

salesman n
sprzedawca akwizytor handlarz
man whose job it is to sell things

salesperson n
sprzedawca sprzedawczyni
person who sells

saleswoman n
sprzedawczyni
woman whose occupation is to sell things

salicylate n
salicylan
any salt or ester of salicylic acid

salicylic acid n
kwas salicylowy
salicylic acid

salient /ˈseɪ.li.ənt/ /ˈseɪ.ljənt/ /ˈsæɪ.li.ənt/ /ˈsæɪ.ljənt/ n
klin narożnik
part of a fortification

saline /ˈseɪ.laɪn/ /ˈseɪliːn/ adj
słony zasolony
salty

saline solution n
sól fizjologiczny
solution

salinity /seɪˈlɪnəti/ n
słoność
quality of being saline
zasolenie
concentration of salt

saliva /səˈlaɪvə/ n
ślina
liquid secreted into the mouth

salivary gland n
gruczoł ślinowy ślinianka
Any of exocrine glands producing saliva to break down carbohydrates in food enzymatically

salivate /ˈsælɪveɪt/ v
wydzielać ślinę ślinić się
to produce saliva
ślinić się
to show eager anticipation

sallow /ˈsæ.ləʊ/ adj
ziemisty
yellowish

sally /ˈsæli/ n
wycieczka
sortie
wycieczka wypad
excursion or side trip

salmon /ˈsælmən/ /ˈsæmən/ /ˈsɑmən/ adj
łososiowy
colour

salmon /ˈsælmən/ /ˈsæmən/ /ˈsɑmən/ n
łosoś
fish

salmon shark n
lamna dwustępkowa
shark species

salmonella /ˌsæl.məˈnɛl.ə/ /ˌsæməˈnɛlə/ n
salmonella
any of several rod-shaped bacteria, of the genus Salmonella

salo n
sadło słonina
non-rendered pig fat

salon /səˈlɒn/ /ˈsælɒn/ n
salon
beauty salon
salon sala
large room

saloop /səˈlup/ /səˈluːp/ n
salep
aromatic drink

salsa /ˈsæl.sə/ /ˈsɑl.sə/ n
salsa
dance
spicy tomato sauce
style of music

salsify /ˈsælsɪfi/ n
kozibród salsefia
plant of the genus Tragopogon
salsefia
edible root of Tragopogon

salt /sɑlt/ /sɒlt/ /sɔlt/ /sɔːlt/ [sɑɫt] [sɑɫʔ] [sɔɯ̯t] adj
słony sól
saline
salty

salt /sɑlt/ /sɒlt/ /sɔlt/ /sɔːlt/ [sɑɫt] [sɑɫʔ] [sɔɯ̯t] n
sól
compound of an acid and a base
additional bytes inserted into an encryption
sól sól kuchenna
sodium chloride
wilk morski
sailor

salt /sɑlt/ /sɒlt/ /sɔlt/ /sɔːlt/ [sɑɫt] [sɑɫʔ] [sɔɯ̯t] v
solić posolić
to add salt to

salt cellar n
solniczka

salt cod n
solony dorsz
Cod that has been dried and salted

salt dough n
masa solna
modelling material

salt flat n
solnisko
flat expanse of ground with abundant salt

salt lake /ˈsɔːlt ˌleɪk/ n
jezioro słone
body of water with a high concentration of salts

salt lick n
lizawka
block of salt

salt marsh n
mokradła słone
marsh of saline water

salt mine n
kopalnia soli salina
mine

salt of the earth n
sól ziemi
a decent, dependable person

salt pan n
salina
A man-made pond where salty water is evaporated

salt shaker n
solniczka

saltbush /ˈsɒltbʊʃ/ /ˈsɔːltˌbʊʃ/ n
łoboda
plant of the genus Atriplex

salted adj
solony posolony
to which salt has been added

saltern /ˈsɔːltə(ɹ)n/ n
salina
modern saltworks

saltiness n
słoność zasolenie
property of being, or tasting, salty

salting n
solenie
act

saltless adj
bezsolny
free of salt

saltlessness n
bezsolność
free of salt

saltworks n
salina
salt works

salty /ˈsɒl.ti/ adj
słony
tasting of salt
containing salt

salubrious /səˈl(j)uː.bɹi.əs/ /səˈlu.bɹi.əs/ adj
zdrowy
promoting health

salutary /ˈsaljʊtəɹi/ /ˈsæljətɛɹi/ adj
zbawienny
effecting or designed to effect an improvement; remedial: salutary advice

salvage /ˈsælvɪd͡ʒ/ n
ocalenie
the rescue of a ship or its cargo from a hazardous situation

salvage /ˈsælvɪd͡ʒ/ v
ocalić
to rescue

salvation /sælˈveɪʃən/ n
odkupienie ratunek zbawienie
the process of being saved (religion)

salvo /ˈsælvoʊ/ /ˈsælvəʊ/ n
salwa
concentrated fire from pieces of artillery

samana /sɑːˌmɑːnɑː/ /səˌmɑːnə/ n
samana
Indian ascetic

samara /səˈmɛrə/ /səˈmɛərə/ /ˈsæmərə/ n
skrzydlak
winged indehiscent fruit

samarium /səˈmæɹɪəm/ n
samar
chemical element

samba /ˈsɑmbə/ n
samba
Brazilian ballroom dance

sambuca /samˈbjuːkə/ /sæmˈb(j)ukə/ n
sambuka
ancient triangular harp having a sharp, shrill tone

sambuca /samˈbʊkə/ /sæmˈbukə/ n
sambuca
Italian liqueur made from elderberries and flavoured with licorice

same /seɪm/ adj
taki sam
similar, alike
ten sam
not different as regards self; identical

same old same old n
stara bieda

same old story n
stara śpiewka
the repetition of an annoying occurrence

same to you phraseologicalUnit
nawzajem wzajemnie
I wish to you what you have just wished to me

same-sex adj
homoseksualny
of or relating to homosexual men or women
jednopłciowy
restricted to members of a single sex

samizdat /səmɪzˈdæt/ /ˈsæmɪzdæt/ n
bibuła
a samizdat publication
samizdat
underground publishing

samosa n
samosa
Indian snack

samovar n
samowar
metal urn with a spigot, for boiling water for making tea

sampan /ˈsæm.pæn/ n
sampan
Chinese boat

sample /ˈsaːm.pəl/ /ˈsæm.pəl/ /ˈsæːm.pəl/ /ˈsɑːm.pəl/ [ˈsäːmpɯ] [ˈsɛəmpəɫ] n
próba
statistics
próbka
business
sampel
music

sample /ˈsaːm.pəl/ /ˈsæm.pəl/ /ˈsæːm.pəl/ /ˈsɑːm.pəl/ [ˈsäːmpɯ] [ˈsɛəmpəɫ] v
samplować
music: to reuse a portion of an existing recording

sampler /ˈsamplɚ/ /ˈsampəlɚ/ n
sampler
digital device

sampling n
sampling
technique for electronically splicing pieces of previously recorded sound as part of a composition

samsara /sʌmˈsɑɹə/ n
samsara
cycle of reincarnation

samurai /ˈsæm(j)ʊɹaɪ/ /ˈsæməˌɹaɪ/ n
samuraj
feudal Japanese warrior

sanation n
sanacja
act of healing or curing

sanatorium /ˌsænəˈtɔɹiəm/ n
sanatorium
institution that treats chronic diseases and provides supervised recuperation and convalescence

sanctimonious /ˌsæŋk.təˈmoʊ.ni.əs/ /ˌsæŋk.təˈməʊ.ni.əs/ /ˌsæŋk.tɪˈmoʊ.ni.əs/ /ˌsæŋk.tɪˈməʊ.ni.əs/ adj
świętojebliwy świętoszkowaty
making a show of being morally better than others, especially hypocritically

sanctimoniously adv
świętoszkowato
in a sanctimonious manner

sanctimony /ˈsæŋk.təˌmoʊ.ni/ /ˈsæŋk.təˌməʊ.ni/ /ˈsæŋk.tɪˌmoʊ.ni/ /ˈsæŋk.tɪˌməʊ.ni/ n
bigoteria dewocja świętoszkostwo świętoszkowatość
a hypocritical form of excessive piety

sanction /ˈsæŋkʃən/ n
sankcja
penalty or coercive measure
approval, by an authority, that makes something valid
stipulation specifying the above

sanction /ˈsæŋkʃən/ v
nakładać sankcje
to penalize a state, especially for violating international law
sankcjonować
to give authorization or approval to

sanctuary /ˈsæŋktjʊəɹi/ /ˈsæŋkt͡ʃuˌɛɹi/ /ˈsæŋkt͡ʃʊəɹi/ n
sanktuarium
consecrated area
place of safety or protection

sand /sænd/ n
piasek
finely ground rock
beach or other expanse of sand
light beige colour

sand nigger n
arabus
person of Middle Eastern or North African descent

sandal /ˈsændəl/ n
sandał
type of footwear

sandalwood /ˈsandəlwʊd/ n
sandał
the aromatic heartwood of the trees of the genus Santalum
sandałowiec
any of various tropical trees of the genus Santalum

sandarac /ˈsændəɹæk/ n
sandarak
resin from Tetraclinis articulata

sandbag n
worek z piaskiem
a bag filled with sand

sandbag v
pozorować
To conceal or misrepresent one's true position
To pretend to drink early on so that, as the night draws on, one can drink everybody else "under the table"
stworzyć barierę z worków z piaskiem tworzyć barierę z worków z piaskiem
To construct a barrier of sandbags around
uderzać workiem z piaskiem uderzyć workiem z piaskiem
To strike someone with a sandbag or other object to disable or render unconscious

sandbank n
mielizna ławica piaskowa
ridge of sand

sandbar n
mielizna mielizny
ridge of sand

sandblast /ˈsænd.blɑːst/ v
piaskować
to spray with sand

sandbox /ˈsændbɑks/ /ˈsændbɒks/ n
brudnopis
wiki sandbox
obszar izolowany piaskownica
computing: isolated program execution area
piaskownica
box with sand for children

sandcastle n
babka babka z piasku zamek z piasku
a sculpture made of sand and resembling a miniature castle

sanderling n
piaskowiec
Calidris alba

sandhi /ˈsændi/ /ˈsɑndi/ /ˈsʌndi/ n
sandhi
phonological process

sandpaper /ˈsændˌpeɪpɚ/ n
papier ścierny szmergiel
paper coated with abrasive material

sandpiper /ˈsænd.paɪpə/ /ˈsænd.paɪpɚ/ n
bekas
bird of the family Scolopacidae

sandpit /ˈsænd.pɪt/ n
piaskownica
children's play area

sandstone /ˈsændˌstoʊn/ /ˈsændˌstəʊn/ n
piaskowiec
sand/clay sedimentary rock

sandstorm n
burza piaskowa burza pyłowa
strong wind carrying clouds of sand

sandur n
sandr
outwash plain

sandwich /ˈsæn(d)wɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈsæn(d)wɪt͡ʃ/ /ˈsænˌ(d)wɪt͡ʃ/ [ˈsæmwɪd͡ʒ] [ˈsæmˌwɪt͡ʃ] [ˈsæmˌɪt͡ʃ] [ˈsæ̃wɪd͡ʒ] [ˈsæ̃ˌwɪt͡ʃ] n
kanapka sandwicz
snack consisting of two slices of bread

sandwich cookie n
markiza
type of snack

sandwort n
piaskowiec
any of several plants in the genera Arenaria

sandy /ˈsændi/ adj
piaszczysty
covered with sand

sane /seɪn/ adj
rozsądny
mentally sound; possessing a rational mind

sangfroid /sɑŋˈfɹɑ/ n
zimna krew
composure, self-possession or imperturbability

sangoma /-ˈɡɔ-/ /-ˈɡɔː-/ /sæŋˈɡoʊmə/ /sæŋˈɡəʊmə/ n
znachor
traditional healer or herbalist, or witch doctor

sangria /sæŋˈɡɹiːə/ n
sangria
Spanish wine drink with fruit, sugar and soda

sanguinary /ˈsæŋɡwɪnəɹi/ /ˈsæŋɡwɪnɛɹi/ adj
krwawy
accompanied by bloodshed
consisting of or similar to blood
krwiożerczy
eager for bloodshed

sanguine /ˈsæŋ.ɡwɪn/ adj
krwawoczerwony krwistoczerwony
having the colour of blood; red
optymistyczny
anticipating the best

sanguine /ˈsæŋ.ɡwɪn/ n
czerwona kredka
red crayon
heliotrop
bloodstone

sanicle n
żankiel
plant

sanitary /ˈsænɪt(ə)ɹi/ /ˈsænɪtɛɹi/ adj
sanitarny
of health

sanitation /ˌsænɪˈteɪʃən/ n
asenizacja
the hygienic disposal or recycling of waste

sanitational adj
asenizacyjny

sanitize /ˈsænətaɪz/ /ˈsænɪtaɪz/ v
asenizować
to free from microorganisms

sanitizer /ˈsænətaɪzɚ/ /ˈsænɪtaɪzɚ/ n
asenizator

sanity /ˈsæ.nə.ɾi/ /ˈsæ.nɪ.ɾi/ /ˈsæn.əˌti/ /ˈsæn.ɪˌti/ n
poczytalność
the condition of being sane

sanity check n
kontrola poczytalności
an act of checking that something does not contain elementary mistakes or impossibilities

sans serif /ˈsæn ˈsɛɹɪf/ /ˈsænz ˈsɛɹɪf/ adj
bezszeryfowy
without serifs

sans-culotte /sanzkjuːˈlɒt/ /sɒ̃(ŋ)kjuːˈlɒt/ n
sankiulota
sans-culotte

sap /sæp/ n
sok mleczny sok
juice of plant

sapper /ˈsæpɚ/ n
saper saperka
historical or traditional term for "combat engineer"

sapphire /ˈsæf.aɪ̯ə(ɹ)/ /ˈsæf.aɪ̯ɚ/ adj
szafirowy
colour

sapphire /ˈsæf.aɪ̯ə(ɹ)/ /ˈsæf.aɪ̯ɚ/ n
szafir
gem

saprophyte /ˈsæpɹəʊfaɪt/ n
saprofit saprotrof
organism that lives on dead organic matter

saprotroph n
saprotrof
organism

sapwood /ˈsapwʊd/ n
biel
wood just under the bark

sarafan n
sarafan
a traditional long, trapeze-shaped Russian pinafore worn by women and girls.

sarcasm /ˈsɑːɹˌkæzəm/ /ˈsɑːˌkæzəm/ n
sarkazm drwina kpina szyderstwo
derision, facetiousness

sarcastic /sɑɹˈkæstɪk/ /sɑːˈkæstɪk/ adj
sarkastyczny
Containing sarcasm
Having the personality trait of expressing sarcasm

sarcastically /sɑː(ɹ)ˈkæstɪkli/ /sɑː(ɹ)ˈkæstɪkəli/ adv
sarkastycznie
in a sarcastic manner

sarcoidosis n
sarkoidoza
multisystem disorder

sarcoma /sɑɹˈkoʊmə/ n
mięsak
type of malignant tumor

sarcopenia n
sarkopenia
gradual age-related loss of skeletal muscle

sarcophagus /-d͡ʒaɪ/ /sɑɹˈkɑfəɡaɪ/ /sɑɹˈkɑfəɡəs/ /sɑːˈkɒfəɡaɪ/ /sɑːˈkɒfəɡəs/ n
sarkofag
stone coffin, often with its exterior inscribed, or decorated with sculpture
cement and steel structure that encases the destroyed nuclear reactor at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant in Chernobyl, Ukraine

sardine /sɑɹˈdin/ /sɑːˈdiːn/ n
sardynka pilchard sardyna
fish

sardonic /sɐːˈdɔnɪk/ /sɑɹˈdɑnɪk/ /sɑːˈdɒnɪk/ adj
sardoniczny
ironically humorous
scornfully mocking

sardonically adv
sardonicznie
in a sardonic manner

sardonyx /sɑː(ɹ)ˈdɒnɪks/ n
sardonik sardonyks
gemstone banded with red sard

sari /ˈsɑː.ɹi/ n
sari
cloth

sarissa n
sarysa

sartorial /sɑɹˈtɔɹ.i.əl/ /sɑːˈtɔː.ɹi.əl/ adj
krawiecki
of or relating to tailoring or clothing

sartorius /sɑː(ɹ)ˈtɔːɹ.i.əs/ n
mięsień krawiecki
anatomy: a muscle

sash /sæʃ/ n
szarfa pas
decorative length of cloth

sashimi /səˈʃiːmi/ /ˈsæʃɪmi/ n
sashimi
dish of slices of raw fish or meat

satanic /seɪˈtænɪk/ /səˈtænɪk/ adj
satanistyczny
relating to Satanism
szatański
relating to Satan
szatański diabelski diaboliczny
evil

satanically adv
satanistycznie szatańsko
satanic manner

satay /sæˈteɪ/ /sɑːˈteɪ/ /ˈsæt.eɪ/ /ˈsɑː.teɪ/ n
satay saté
dish

satchel /ˈsæt͡ʃəl/ n
tornister
bag or case with one or two shoulder straps

sate /seɪt/ v
nasycić sycić
To satisfy; fill up

sateen /səˈtiːn/ n
satyna
a type of shiny cotton cloth

satellitary adj
satelicki satelitarny

satellite /ˈsætəlaɪt/ n
satelita
a body orbiting a larger one
satelita sztuczny satelita sputnik
man-made apparatus designed to be placed in orbit around a celestial body

satellite dish n
antena satelitarna talerz
parabolic antenna

satellite navigation n
nawigacja
calculating one's position and velocity using radio signals from space satellites

satellite television n
telewizja satelitarna
television broadcasts

satiate /ˈseɪʃɪeɪt/ v
nasycić nasycać
satisfy to excess
zaspokajać zaspokoić
satisfy

satiated adj
syty
pleasantly full

satiety /səˈsaɪ.ɪ.ti/ /səˈtaɪ.ə.ti/ /səˈtaɪ.ɪ.ti/ n
najedzenie sytość
state of being perfectly satiated

satin /ˈsætɪn/ n
atłas
cloth with a glossy surface and a dull back

satin stitch n
atłasek

satinlike adj
atłasowy

satire /ˈsætaɪə/ /ˈsætaɪɹ/ n
satyra
literary technique

satirical /səˈtɪɹɪkəl/ adj
satyryczny
of or pertaining to satire

satisfaction /sætɪsˈfækʃən/ n
zadowolenie satysfakcja
fulfillment of a need or desire
pleasure obtained by such fulfillment

satisfactory /sætɪsˈfækt(ə)ɹi/ adj
zadowalający
adequate or sufficient

satisfied /ˈsætɪsfaɪd/ adj
zadowolony usatysfakcjonowany
in a state of satisfaction

satisfy /ˈsætɪsfaɪ/ v
zadowolić zadowalać zaspokajać satysfakcjonować usatysfakcjonować zaspokoić
to meet needs, to fulfill

satrap /ˈseɪtɹæp/ /ˈsæt.ræp/ n
satrapa
governor of a Persian province

satrapy n
satrapia
territory governed by a satrap

saturate /ˈsæt͡ʃəˌɹeɪt/ v
nasycać nasycić
to become penetrated or soaked
to cause to become penetrated or soaked
nasycać nasycić wysycać wysycić
(chemistry) to cause a substance to become inert by chemical combination with all that it can hold

saturation n
saturacja
the act of saturating or the process of being saturated
musical effect
vividness of color
saturacja nasycenie
chemistry: state of a saturated solution

saturnine /-nɪn/ /-ˌnin/ /ˈsætənaɪn/ /ˈsætɚˌnaɪn/ [-ɾɚ-] adj
ponury
of a person: having a tendency to be cold, bitter, gloomy, etc.

satyr /ˈseɪtɚ/ /ˈsætə/ /ˈsætɚ/ n
satyr
Greek mythology
Lecher

sauce /soːs/ /sɑs/ /sɔs/ /sɔːs/ n
sos
liquid condiment

saucepan /ˈsoːs.pɘn/ /ˈsoːsˌpɛn/ /ˈsɔsˌpæn/ /ˈsɔːs.pən/ n
rondel
deep cooking vessel

saucer /ˈsɑ.səɹ/ /ˈsɒ.səɹ/ /ˈsɔ.səɹ/ /ˈsɔː.sə/ n
spodek
small dish

sauerkraut /ˈsaʊəˌkɹaʊt/ /ˈsaʊɚˌkɹaʊt/ /ˈsaʊɚˌkɹʌʊt/ n
kapusta kwaszona kapusta kiszona
a dish made by fermenting finely chopped cabbage

sauna /ˈsaʊ.nə/ /ˈsɔː.nə/ n
sauna
sauna room or house
act of using a sauna

saunter /ˈsɑntɚ/ /ˈsɔntɚ/ /ˈsɔːntə/ n
przechadzka spacer
a leisurely walk or stroll

saunter /ˈsɑntɚ/ /ˈsɔntɚ/ /ˈsɔːntə/ v
kroczyć przechadzać się spacerować
stroll or walk at a leisurely pace

saunterer n
spacerowicz spacerowiczka
one who saunters

saury /ˈsɔː.ɹi/ n
sajra
fish of the family Scomberesocidae

sausage /ˈsæsɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈsɑsɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈsɑːsɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈsɒsɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈsɔsɪd͡ʒ/ n
kiełbasa
a food made of minced meat packed into a tubular casing
sausage-shaped thing
kiełbaska kiełbasa
small, uncooked

savage /ˈsævɪd͡ʒ/ adj
barbarzyński niecywilizowany
barbaric, not civilized
bestialski brutalny okrutny
fierce and ferocious
dziki zdziczały
wild, not cultivated
okrutny bestialski bezlitosny brutalny
brutal, vicious or merciless

savage /ˈsævɪd͡ʒ/ n
dzikus dzikuska
uncivilized or feral person

savagery /ˈsæv.ɪd͡ʒ.ɹɪ/ n
dzikość
being savage

save /seɪv/ v
oszczędzać
to accumulate money
ratować uratować
to help someone to survive, or rescue someone
zapisać zapisywać
computing: to write a file to a storage medium
zbawić ratować
Christianity: to redeem or protect someone from eternal damnation

save face v
zachować twarz
preserve reputation

savin n
Jałowiec sabiński jałowiec sawina sawina
Juniperus sabina

saving /ˈseɪv.ɪŋ/ n
oszczędność
action of saving

savings account n
konto oszczędnościowe
account that yields a better interest than a current account

savings bank n
bank oszczędnościowy
financial institution

savior /ˈseɪvjə/ /ˈseɪvjɚ/ n
ratowniczka ratownik wybawca wybawczyni wybawiciel wybawicielka
a person who saves someone, rescues another from harm

savory /ˈseɪvəɹi/ adj
niesłodki pikantny wytrawny
salty or non-sweet
smaczny smakowity
tasty, attractive to the palate

savory /ˈseɪvəɹi/ n
cząber
herb of genus Satureja

saw /ˈsɑ/ /ˈsɑl/ /ˈsɔ/ /ˈsɔː/ [ˈsɔɹ] n
piła piłka
tool
przysłowie powiedzenie
saying or proverb

saw /ˈsɑ/ /ˈsɑl/ /ˈsɔ/ /ˈsɔː/ [ˈsɔɹ] v
piłować przepiłować przepiłowywać przerżnąć rżnąć
cut with a saw

saw off the branch one is sitting on v
podcinać gałąź, na której się siedzi

saw-wort n
sierpik
Serratula in general

sawdust /ˈsɔːˌdʌst/ n
trociny
dust created by sawing

sawfish n
piła
ray with saw-shaped snout

sawfly n
rośliniarka
insect of the suborder Symphyta

sawhorse /sɔ.hɔɹs/ /sɔː.hɔː(ɹ)s/ n
kozioł koziołek
a device used to temporarily raise and support pieces of material

sawm n
saum
Islamic fasting

sawmill n
tartak
machine, building or company

sawn-off shotgun n
obrzyn

saxifrage /ˈsæk.sə.frɪd͡ʒ/ n
skalnica
plant

saxophone /ˈsæksəfoʊn/ n
saksofon
a musical instrument of the woodwind family

saxophonist /ˌsæk.ˈsɑ.fə.nɪst/ /ˌsæk.ˈsɒ.fə.nɪst/ /ˌsæk.ˈsɔ.fə.nɪst/ n
saksofonista saksofonistka
person who plays or practices with the saxophone

say /seɪ/ adv
bodaj dajmy na to

say /seɪ/ n
głos
chance to speak; right or power to influence or decide

say /seɪ/ v
mówić powiedzieć
to communicate verbally or in writing
mówić powiedzieć rzec powiadać wymawiać
to pronounce

say goodbye v
pożegnać żegnać
wish someone farewell upon their leaving

say no more phraseologicalUnit
nic więcej nie mów

say what phraseologicalUnit
że co?

say what you like phraseologicalUnit
mów, co chcesz

say yes v
przytakiwać przytaknąć

saying /ˈseɪ.ɪŋ/ n
powiedzenie
proverb or maxim

sayonara /ˌsaɪəˈnɑːɹə/ interjection
sajonara
goodbye, in reference to Japan

scab /skæb/ n
strup
incrustation over a wound

scabbard /ˈskæb.əd/ /ˈskæb.ɚd/ n
pochwa
the sheath of a sword

scabies /ˈskeɪ.biz/ n
świerzb
an infestation of parasitic mites, Sarcoptes scabiei

scaffold /ˈskæf.ld/ /ˈskæf.əld/ /ˈskæf.əʊld/ n
rusztowanie
structure made of scaffolding for workers to stand on
szafot
platform for executions

scaffold /ˈskæf.ld/ /ˈskæf.əld/ /ˈskæf.əʊld/ v
rusztować
set up scaffolding

scaffolding /ˈskæfəldɪŋ/ /ˈskæˌfoʊldɪŋ/ n
rusztowanie
system of tubes or poles used to support people and material

scalability n
skalowalność
property of being scalable

scalar adj
skalarny
having magnitude

scalar n
skalar
quantity with magnitude

scalar product n
iloczyn skalarny
product of two vectors

scale /skeɪl/ /skæɪl/ [skeɪ̯(ə)ɫ] [skæɪ̯(ə)ɫ] n
skala
ratio of distances
sequence for measurement
series of notes
size or scope
łuska
keratin pieces covering the skin of certain animals
flake of skin
szala
dish of a balance

scale /skeɪl/ /skæɪl/ [skeɪ̯(ə)ɫ] [skæɪ̯(ə)ɫ] v
ociągać ociągnąć
remove the scales of

scale back v
redukować zredukować

scale insect n
czerwiec
small parasitic insect of superfamily Coccoidea

scale model n
makieta
three-dimensional copy or representation of something

scaleless /ˈskeɪl.ləs/ adj
bezłuski
(botany, zoology) not having scales

scalene /skeɪˈlin/ /ˈskeɪ.liːn/ /ˈskeɪˌlin/ adj
różnoboczny
having sides unequal in length

scaler n
nakładacz
dentistry

scales /skeɪlz/ n
waga
device for weighing goods for sale

scallop /ˈskaləp/ /ˈskæləp/ /ˈskɑləp/ /ˈskɒləp/ /ˈskɔləp/ /ˈskɛləp/ n
przegrzebek
mollusc

scalp /skælp/ n
góra głowy
part of head where the hair grows

scalpel /ˈskælpəl/ n
skalpel
small straight knife

scalper n
konik
one who sells tickets unofficially

scaly /ˈskeɪli/ adj
łuskowaty
covered or abounding with scales

scaly thrush n
drozdoń pstry
Zoothera dauma

scam /skæm/ n
oszustwo przekręt szwindel
fraudulent deal

scammer /ˈskæmɚ/ n
oszust
swindler, cheat

scammony n
powój czyszczący powój przeczyszczający powój żywiczny socznica
bindweed

scamp /skamp/ /skæmp/ n
baciar
mischievous youngster

scamper /ˈskæmpə/ /ˈskæmpɚ/ v
pędzić
to run lightly and quickly, especially in a playful manner or in an undignified manner

scan /skæn/ n
skan
result or output of a scanning process
skanowanie
instance of scanning

scan /skæn/ v
skanować zeskanować
create an image of something with the use of a scanner

scandal /ˈskændəl/ n
awantura skandal afera draka hańba heca
incident that brings disgrace

scandal sheet n
szczujnia
type of tabloid

scandalous /ˈskændələs/ adj
skandaliczny awanturniczy
wrong, immoral, causing a scandal

scandalousness n
awanturnictwo awanturniczość

scandium /ˈskændi.əm/ n
skand
chemical element

scanlation n
skanlacja
the process of scanlation

scanner /ˈskænə/ /ˈskænɚ/ n
skaner
device which scans documents
device that uses radiation to produce images
optical device
radio receiver

scanning tunneling microscope n
skaningowy mikroskop tunelowy
device

scape /ˈskeɪp/ n
głąbik
leafless stalk

scapegoat /ˈskeɪpˌɡoʊt/ /ˈskeɪpˌɡəʊt/ n
kozioł ofiarny
a goat imbued with the sins of the people
someone blamed for someone else's error(s)

scapular /ˈskapjʊlə/ n
szkaplerz
a short cloak with an embroidered image of a saint
devotional object

scar /skɑɹ/ /skɑː(ɹ)/ n
blizna szrama
permanent mark on the skin

scar /skɑɹ/ /skɑː(ɹ)/ v
bliznowacieć bliźnić się zabliźniać się zabliźnić się zbliznowacieć
to form a scar

scarab /ˈskæɹəb/ /ˈskɛɹəb/ n
skarabeusz
Scarabaeus sacer

scarcity /ˈskɛəsɪti/ /ˈskɛɹsɪti/ n
niedostatek
the condition of something being scarce or deficient

scare /skɛə/ /skɛɚ/ /skɪə(ɹ)/ v
straszyć
to frighten

scare off v
odstraszać odstraszyć
to cause something to flee by frightening it
to deter

scarecrow /ˈskɛəkɹəʊ/ /ˈskɛɚˌkɹoʊ/ n
strach na wróble strach
effigy fixed to a pole in a field to deter birds from eating crops or seeds planted there

scared /skɛ(ə)ɹd/ /skɛəd/ [skɛɚd] adj
wystraszony zalękniony
afraid, frightened

scaremonger n
panikarka panikarz
alarmist

scarf /skɑːf/ /skɑːɹf/ n
szalik szal
long garment worn around the neck

scarification /ˌskɛɹɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/ n
skaryfikacja
body modification

scarificator n
skaryfikator
cupping glass

scarlet /ˈskɐːlət/ /ˈskɑɹlɪt/ /ˈskɑːlɪt/ adj
grzeszny nierządny
sinful
szkarłatny
colour

scarlet /ˈskɐːlət/ /ˈskɑɹlɪt/ /ˈskɑːlɪt/ n
szkarłat
colour

scarlet fever n
płonica szkarlatyna
streptococcal infection

scarlike adj
bliznowaty

scarp /skɑɹp/ /skɑːp/ n
skarpa
cliff caused by erosion

scary /ˈskɛəɹi/ /ˈskɛɹi/ adv
przerażający straszliwy straszny
causing fear or anxiety

scat /skæt/ interjection
sio
An imperative demand to leave

scathe /skeɪð/ /skeɪθ/ n
szkoda uszczerbek
damage; harm; hurt; injury

scatterbrain n
roztrzepaniec wypłosz
flighty, disorganized or forgetful person

scatterbrained adj
roztrzepany
having the qualities of scatterbrain

scaup /skɔːp/ n
ogorzałka
diving-duck

scavenge /ˈskæv.ɪndʒ/ v
żerować
to collect and remove refuse

scavenger /ˈskæv.ən.d͡ʒə(ɹ)/ n
padlinożerca
animal feeding on decaying matter

scenario /səˈneːɹi.əʉ/ /səˈnæːɹi.əʉ/ /səˈnɐːɹi.əʉ/ /sɪˈnæɹioʊ/ /sɪˈnɑɹioʊ/ /sɪˈnɑːɹi.əʊ/ /sɪˈnɛəɹioʊ/ n
scenariusz
outline of the plot of a dramatic or literary work
outline or model of an expected or supposed sequence of events
screenplay or an outline or treatment thereof

scene /siːn/ n
scena
the location of an event that attracts attention

scenery /ˈsiːnəɹi/ /ˈsiːnɹi/ n
dekoracja
stage backdrops, property and other items on a stage that give the impression of the location of the scene
krajobraz pejzaż sceneria
view, natural features, landscape

scenic route n
malownicza trasa
road or path

scent /sɛnt/ n
trop ślad
figuratively: any traces that can be followed
zapach
odour left by animal
zapach perfumy
perfume
zapach woń
distinctive odour or smell

scent /sɛnt/ v
wypełniać wonią
to impart an odour to
zwietrzyć zwęszyć
to detect the scent of

scent hound n
tropowiec
hunting dog that tracks prey using its sense of smell

scented adj
pachnący
having a pleasant aroma

scentless adj
bezwonny bezzapachowy
without scent

sceptre /ˈsɛptə/ /ˈsɛptɚ/ n
berło
ornamental staff

schadenfreude /ˈʃɑː.dən.fɹɔɪ.də/ n
Schadenfreude
malicious enjoyment derived from observing someone else's misfortune

schedule /ˈskɛdjuːl/ /ˈskɛdʒuːl/ /ˈskɛd͡ʒu(ə)l/ /ˈskɛd͡ʒul/ /ˈskɛd͡ʒuəl/ /ˈskɛd͡ʒuːl/ /ˈskɛd͡ʒəl/ /ˈskɛd͡ʒʊl/ /ˈsɛdjuːl/ /ˈsɛd͡ʒuːl/ /ˈʃeˌduːl/ /ˈʃɛdjuːl/ /ˈʃɛdʒuːl/ /ˈʃɛd͡ʒu(ə)l/ /ˈʃɛd͡ʒuːl/ n
harmonogram plan agenda grafik
a procedural plan, usually but not necessarily tabular in nature, indicating a sequence of operations and the planned times at which those operations are to occur

schedule /ˈskɛdjuːl/ /ˈskɛdʒuːl/ /ˈskɛd͡ʒu(ə)l/ /ˈskɛd͡ʒul/ /ˈskɛd͡ʒuəl/ /ˈskɛd͡ʒuːl/ /ˈskɛd͡ʒəl/ /ˈskɛd͡ʒʊl/ /ˈsɛdjuːl/ /ˈsɛd͡ʒuːl/ /ˈʃeˌduːl/ /ˈʃɛdjuːl/ /ˈʃɛdʒuːl/ /ˈʃɛd͡ʒu(ə)l/ /ˈʃɛd͡ʒuːl/ v
układać harmonogram
to create a schedule
zaplanować zaprogramować
to plan an activity at a specific date or time

scheelite n
szelit
mineral

schematization n
schematyzacja
arrangement into a scheme

schematize /ˈskiːmətaiz/ v
schematyzować
organize according to a scheme

scheme /skiːm/ n
intryga
secret, devious plan
plan program schemat
systematic plan of future action

scherzo /ˈskɛətsəʊ/ /ˈskɛəɹ(ˌ)tsoʊ/ /ˈskɛəɹtˌsoʊ/ /ˈskɜːt-/ n
scherzo
music

schism /ˈskɪzəm/ /ˈsɪzəm/ /ˈʃɪzəm/ n
schizma
division within a religious body
split within Christianity
split, division, separation, discord

schismatic /skɪzˈmæt.ɪk/ /sɪzˈmæt.ɪk/ /ʃɪzˈmæt.ɪk/ [skɪzˈmæɾ.ɪk] [sɪzˈmæɾ.ɪk] [ʃɪzˈmæɾ.ɪk] adj
schizmatycki
religion: of or pertaining to a schism

schismatic /skɪzˈmæt.ɪk/ /sɪzˈmæt.ɪk/ /ʃɪzˈmæt.ɪk/ [skɪzˈmæɾ.ɪk] [sɪzˈmæɾ.ɪk] [ʃɪzˈmæɾ.ɪk] n
schizmatyczka schizmatyk
religion: person involved in a schism

schistosomiasis n
schistosomatoza bilharcjoza
various diseases

schizo /ˈskɪtsoʊ/ n
schizol schizolka
(slang) schizophrenic

schizocarp n
rozłupnia
dry fruit

schizoid personality disorder /ˈskɪdzɔɪd ˌpɜɹsəˈnælɪti dɪsˈɔːdə(ɹ)/ /ˈskɪdzɔɪd ˌpɝsəˈnælɪɾi dɪsˈɔːɹdɚ/ /ˈskɪtsɔɪd ˌpɜɹsəˈnælɪti dɪsˈɔːdə(ɹ)/ /ˈskɪtsɔɪd ˌpɝsəˈnælɪɾi dɪsˈɔːɹdɚ/ n
schizoidalne zaburzenie osobowości
personality disorder

schizophasia n
schizofazja
a nonsensical assemblage of words

schizophrenia /ˌskɪt.səˈfɹiː.ni.ə/ /ˌskɪt.səˈfɹɛ.ni.ə/ /ˌskɪz.əˈfɹiː.ni.ə/ n
schizofrenia
mental disorder
schizofrenia schiza
informal: condition in which disparate activities coexist

schizophrenic /ˌskɪtsəˈfɹɛnɪk/ adj
schizofreniczny
of or pertaining to schizophrenia

schizotypal personality disorder n
schizotypowe zaburzenie osobowości
personality disorder

schlager /ʃlɑːɡə/ n
szlagier
piece
style

schlemiel /ʃləˈmiːl/ n
nieudacznik oferma
clumsy person

schlub /ʃlʌb/ n
niechluj
person who is clumsy, oafish, socially awkward, or unattractive or unkempt

schnapps /ʃnæps/ /ʃnɑps/ n
sznaps
type of distilled alcoholic beverage (liquor)

schnauzer /ˈʃnaʊzɚ/ n
sznaucer sznaucerka
breed of dog

schnitzel /ˈʃnɪt.s(ə)l/ n
sznycel
a meat dish

schnozzle n
kinol nochal
slang: human nose, especially large one

scholar /ˈskɑlɚ/ /ˈskɒlə/ n
stypendysta stypendystka
a student; one who studies at school or college, typically having a scholarship
uczony uczona
learned person
specialist in a particular branch of knowledge

scholar's mate n
mat szewski
checkmate which occurs after the moves 1.e4 e5 2.Qh5 Nc6 3.Bc4 Nf6 4.Qxf7#

scholarship /ˈskɑːləɹʃɪp/ /ˈskɒləʃɪp/ n
nauka
knowledge
stypendium
study allowance

scholastically /skəˈlæstɪkli/ adv
szkolnie
in a scholastic manner

school /skuːl/ /skuːɫ/ n
szkoła
(collectively) the followers of a particular doctrine
an institution dedicated to teaching and learning before college or university
a department/institute at a college or university
an establishment offering specialized instruction (driving etc.)
szkoła buda
an institution dedicated to teaching and learning
szkoła nurt
an art movement
szkoła uczelnia
college or university
ławica
a group of fish

school bus /ˈskuːl.bʌs/ n
autobus szkolny
transport for schoolchildren

school of hard knocks n
szkoła życia
source of education by adverse experience

school year n
rok szkolny
academic year of a school

school-age adj
w wieku szkolnym
being of an age during which attendance at school is customary

schoolbook n
podręcznik
textbook used in school

schoolboy n
uczeń
young male student

schoolchild /ˈsku.əlt͡ʃaɪld/ /ˈskuːlt͡ʃaɪld/ n
uczeń szkolniak
young person attending school or of an age to attend school

schoolgirl n
uczennica
girl attending school

schoolie n
absolwent absolwentka
school-leaver

schooling /ˈskuːlɪŋ/ n
szkolenie
institutional education
training or instruction

schoolless adj
bezszkolny

schoolmarm /ˈskulˌmɑɹm/ n
belferka
female teacher

schooner /skuːnə(ɹ)/ n
szkuner
sailing ship

schwa /ʃwɑ/ /ʃwə/ v
szwa
indeterminate central vowel

sciatic /saɪˈætɪk/ adj
kulszowy
of, or relating to the ischium

sciatica /saɪˈætɪkə/ n
rwa kulszowa
neuralgia of the sciatic nerve

science /ˈsaɪ.əns/ n
dyscyplina nauka
particular discipline or branch of learning
nauka
collective discipline of learning acquired through the scientific method
wiedza nauka
fact of knowing something
znajomość nauka
knowledge gained through study or practice

science fiction /ˈsaɪəns ˌfɪkʃən/ n
fantastyka naukowa
fiction

scientific /ˌsaɪ.ənˈtɪfɪk/ adj
naukowy
of or having to do with science

scientific method n
metoda naukowa
method of discovering knowledge

scientific name n
nazwa naukowa
formal name

scientifically adv
naukowo
using science or methods of science

scientism n
scjentyzm
belief

scientist /ˈsaɪəntəst/ /ˈsaɪəntɪst/ n
naukowiec uczony naukowczyni uczona
one whose activities make use of the scientific method

scimitar /ˈsɪmɪtɑːɹ/ /ˈsɪmɪtə(ɹ)/ n
bułat
sword with curved blade

scintigraphy n
scyntygrafia
a radiographic technique using radioactive tracers

scintillant /ˈsɪntɪlənt/ adj
błyszczący
that scintillates

scintillantly adv
błyszcząco

scion /ˈsaɪ.ɑn/ /ˈsaɪ.ən/ /ˈsaɪən/ n
latorośl
descendant
latorośl winorośl
(detached) shoot or twig
następca tronu następczyni tronu
heir to a throne

sciophyte /ˈsaɪəˌfaɪt/ /ˈsʌɪə(ʊ)fʌɪt/ n
skiofit
plant that tolerates or thrives in shade

scissor kick n
nożyce strzał nożycami
kick in football

scissoring n
nożycowanie
sex act

scissors /ˈsɪzəz/ /ˈsɪzɚz/ n
nożyce
hand with the index and middle fingers open in the game of rock paper scissors
nożyczki nożyce
tool used for cutting

sclera /ˈsklɛəɹə/ /ˈsklɪəɹə/ n
twardówka białkówka
white of the eye

sclerenchyma /skləɹˈɛŋkəmə/ /sklɪəɹˈɛŋkɪmə/ n
sklerenchyma twardzica
a mechanical, supportive ground tissue in plants consisting of aggregates of cells having thick, often mineralized walls

sclero- prefix
sklero-

scleroderma n
twardzina
disease

sclerosis /skləˈɹəʊsɪs/ n
skleroza stwardnienie
abnormal hardening of body tissues

scold /skoʊld/ /skəʊld/ [skɒʊɫd] v
besztać łajać ganić karcić rugać strofować
rebuke

scoliosis n
skolioza
condition in which there is abnormal lateral curvature of the spine

sconce /skɑns/ /skɒns/ n
kinkiet
light fixture on a wall

scoop /skuːp/ n
chochla czerpak
any cup- or bowl-shaped object
kulka
amount held by a scoop

scooter /ˈskuːtə(ɹ)/ n
hulajnoga
foot-propelled vehicle
skuter
type of motorcycle or moped with a step-through frame

scops owl n
syczek
any bird of the genus Otus
syczek syczek zwyczajny
Otus scops

scorch /skɔɹt͡ʃ/ /skɔːtʃ/ v
przypiekać
to wither, parch or destroy something by heat or fire

scorched earth n
spalona ziemia

scorched-earth policy n
taktyka spalonej ziemi

score /sko(ː)ɹ/ /skoə/ /skɔɹ/ /skɔː/ n
wynik
number of points earned

score /sko(ː)ɹ/ /skoə/ /skɔɹ/ /skɔː/ v
nadciąć
to cut a groove in a surface
punktować zapunktować zdobywać punkty zdobyć punkt/punkty
to earn points in a game
strzelić gola zdobyć punkt
to record the score for a game or a match
zaliczyć
to obtain a sexual favor

scoreboard n
tablica wyników
board that displays the score in a game of contest

scorecard n
karta wyników
card allowing spectators to identify players and record progress

scorn /skɔɹn/ /skɔːn/ n
pogarda lekceważenie
contempt, disdain

scorn /skɔɹn/ /skɔːn/ v
drwić szydzić
to scoff or express contempt
lekceważyć gardzić
to feel contempt or disdain for something or somebody
odrzucić wzgardzić
to reject, turn down

scornful /ˈskɔɹnfəl/ /ˈskɔːnfəl/ adj
pogardliwy
showing scorn or disrespect; contemptuous

scorpion /-pɪ.ən/ /ˈskɔɹ.pi.ən/ /ˈskɔː.pi.ən/ n
skorpion
any of various arachnids of the order Scorpiones

scot-free /ˌskɑtˈfɹi/ /ˌskɒtˈfɹi/ adv
rozchodzić się po kościach rozejść się po kościach
without consequences or penalties

scoter /ˈskoʊ.tɚ/ /ˈskəʊ.tə/ n
markaczka uhla
bird

scotobiology n
biologia ciemności
the study of the effects of darkness on living organisms, and on biological processes

scoundrel /ˈskaʊ̯ndɹəl/ n
łajdak łotr nikczemnik szuja złoczyńca drań
villain

scour /skaʊɹ/ /ˈskaʊə/ /ˈskaʊɚ/ v
szorować wyszorować
to clean, polish, or wash something by rubbing and scrubbing it vigorously

scourge /skɔɹd͡ʒ/ /skɜːd͡ʒ/ /skɝd͡ʒ/ n
bicz boży
persistent pest, illness, or source of trouble

scouring pad n
zmywak
pad with sponge-like and abrasive side

scout /skaʊt/ [skʌʊt] n
harcerz skaut harcerka harcownik skautka
member of the scout movement
zwiad
act of scouting
zwiadowczyni zwiadowca
person sent out to gain and bring in tidings

scouthouse /ˈskaʊthaʊs/ n
harcówka
building where members of the Scout Movement hold their meetings

scouting /ˈskaʊtɪŋ/ n
skauting
the Scouting movement

scramble /ˈskɹæmbl̩/ v
szyfrować zaszyfrować zaszyfrowywać
to process telecommunication signals to make them unintelligible to an unauthorized listener
wyrwać się wyrywać się
to quickly enter vehicles and proceed to destination

scrambled egg n
jajecznica
dish

scrap /skɹæp/ n
kawałek urywek
small piece, fragment
resztki
leftover food
złom
discarded objects
bójka
fight

scrap /skɹæp/ v
wyrzucać wyrzucić
to discard

scrap dealer n
handlarka złomem handlarz złomem

scrap paper n
makulatura
used paper, to be reused for jotting notes

scrape /skɹeɪp/ v
drapać skrobać
draw an object along while exerting pressure

scrape the bottom of the barrel v
na bezrybiu i rak ryba

scraper /ˈskɹeɪpə/ /ˈskɹeɪpɚ/ n
skrobaczka skrobak
an instrument by which anything is scraped

scrapyard n
szrot
a junkyard, a place where scrap is stored, discarded or resold

scratch /skɹæt͡ʃ/ n
rysa zadrapanie
disruption or mark on a surface

scratch /skɹæt͡ʃ/ v
drapać skrobać
rub a surface with a sharp object

scratch card n
zdrapka
lottery ticket

scrawl /skɹɑːl/ /skɹɔːl/ n
bazgranina bazgroły gryzmoły bohomaz
irregular handwriting

scrawl /skɹɑːl/ /skɹɔːl/ v
bazgrać gryzmolić nabazgrać nagryzmolić
to write hastily or illegibly
bazgrać gryzmolić nagryzmolić skrobać
to write in an irregular or illegible manner

scrawny /ˈskɹɑni/ /ˈskɹɔni/ /ˈskɹɔːni/ adj
wychudzony
thin, malnourished and weak

scream /skɹim/ /skɹiːm/ n
krzyk
loud exclamation

scream /skɹim/ /skɹiːm/ v
krzyczeć wrzeszczeć
to make the sound of a scream

scream queen /ˈskɹim kwin/ /ˈskɹiːm kwiːn/ n
królowa krzyku scream queen
actress who appears in several horror movies

scree /skɹi/ /skɹiː/ n
piarg
loose stony debris on a slope

screech owl n
syczoń
Megascops

screed /skɹid/ /skɹiːd/ n
astrych jastrych podkład podłogowy szlichta
smooth, flat layer of concrete, plaster, or similar material
chryja elaborat
piece of writing or speech, especially if long
perora tyrada
speech or piece of writing which contains angry and extended criticism

screen /skɹiːn/ [skɹ̥ʷɪi̯n] n
ekran
viewing area of electronic output device
movie viewing area
przesiew
genetics: technique used to identify genes
siatka
material woven from fine wires

screen /skɹiːn/ [skɹ̥ʷɪi̯n] v
emitować
film, television: to present publicly (on the screen)

screen printing n
sitodruk
printing method

screenplay /ˈskɹiːnˌpleɪ/ n
scenariusz
script for a movie or a television show

screensaver n
wygaszacz ekranu
computer program

screenshot /ˈskriːn.ʃɑt/ /ˈskriːn.ʃɒt/ n
zrzut ekranu
image of computer screen output

screenwriter n
scenarzysta scenarzystka
one who writes for the screen

screw /skɹuː/ n
śruba
simple machine
śruba wkręt
fastener
ship’s propeller

screw /skɹuː/ v
skręcać skręcić
to connect or assemble pieces using a screw

screw cap n
nakrętka zakrętka
cap of a bottle or jar which screws onto the threaded lip of the container

screw thread n
gwint
helical ridge or groove

screw up v
przyśrubować
to tighten or secure with screws
spieprzyć
colloquial: to blunder
colloquial: to make a mess of; to ruin

screw you n
daj się wypchać idź do diabła niech cię szlak trafi
a slightly politer version of "fuck you"

screwdriver n
śrubokręt wkrętak
tool

screwpress n
balansówka

scribble /ˈskɹɪbəl/ n
bazgranina bazgroły pisanina
hastily done writing

scribble /ˈskɹɪbəl/ v
bazgrać gryzmolić
to write or draw carelessly and in a hurry

scribe /skɹaɪb/ n
pisarz kopista pisarka skryba
one who writes; a draughtsman

scrimshaw /-ˌʃɑ/ /ˈskɹɪmʃɔː/ /ˈskɹɪmˌʃɔ/ n
scrimshaw
manufacture of small ornamental handicrafts by carving or engraving bone, ivory, or other materials

script /skɹɪpt/ n
pismo
writing; written document
(law) an original instrument or document
a system of writing
written characters, style of writing
scenariusz
text of the dialogue and action for a drama
skrypt
(computing) procedure or program

scriptorium /skɹɪpˈtɔɹ.i.əm/ /skɹɪpˈtɔː.ɹɪəm/ n
skryptorium
room set aside for the copying, writing, or illuminating of manuscripts

scrivener /ˈskɹɪvnə(ɹ)/ /ˈskɹɪvənəɹ/ n
skryba
professional writer

scroll /skɹoʊl/ n
zwój zwitek
roll of paper or parchment
ślimak
end of a musical instrument

scroll /skɹoʊl/ v
przewijać przewinąć scrollować
to change one's view of data on a computer's display

scroll bar n
pasek przesuwania
graphical widget

scroll saw n
wyrzynarka
fretsaw with an oscillating blade

scroll wheel n
rolka
disc used for scrolling

scrotum /ˈskɹoʊ.təm/ /ˈskɹəʊ.təm/ n
moszna worek mosznowy
the bag of the skin and muscle that contains the testicles

scrub /skɹʌb/ v
odwołać
to call off a scheduled event; to cancel
szorować wyszorować
to rub hard

scruff /skɹʌf/ n
brudas fleja flejtuch kocmołuch niechluj niedomytek
Someone with an untidy appearance

scruffy /ˈskɹaf.i/ /ˈskɹʌf.i/ adj
niechlujny
untidy in appearance

scrum /skɹʌm/ n
młyn
(rugby) all the forwards joined together in an organised way
tłum ścisk
a tightly packed and disorderly crowd of people

scrum-half n
łącznik młyna
rugby player

scrunchie /ˈskɹʌnt͡ʃi/ n
frotka gumka
small elasticated ring of fabric

scruple /ˈskɹupəl/ /ˈskɹuːpəl/ n
skrupuł
hesitation from the difficulty of determining what is right

scrupulous /ˈskɹuː.pjə.ləs/ adj
drobiazgowy skrupulatny
meticulous
mający skrupuły
having scruples
zasadniczy
having principles

scrupulously /ˈskɹuːpjʊləsli/ adv
skrupulatnie
in a careful manner

scuba /ˈskuːbə/ n
akwalung
diving equipment

scuba diver n
płetwonurek
a person who swims underwater using scuba-diving equipment

scuba diving /ˈskuːbə ˈdaɪ.vɪŋ/ n
nurkowanie z akwalungiem
underwater swimming

scuffle /ˈskʌfəl/ v
grzmocić się młócić się naparzać się napieprzać się prać się szamotać się
to fight or struggle confusedly at close quarters

scuffling n
szuranie
scuffling

sculpt /skʌlpt/ v
rzeźbić wyrzeźbić
be a sculptor

sculptor /ˈskʌlptɚ/ n
rzeźbiarz rzeźbiarka
a person who sculpts

sculptress n
rzeźbiarka
a woman sculptor

sculpture /ˈskʌlptj(ʊ)ə/ /ˈskʌlpt͡ʃə/ /ˈskʌlpt͡ʃɚ/ n
rzeźba
work of art created by sculpting
rzeźbiarstwo rzeźba
art of sculpting

scum /skʌm/ n
podlec szumowina wyrodek
person or persons considered to be reprehensible
szumowiny
layer of impurities

scumbag n
drań szumowina zwyrol śmieć
despicable person

scurry /ˈskɜɹ.i/ /ˈskʌɹ.i/ v
mknąć
to run away with quick light steps

scurvy /ˈskɜːvi/ /ˈskɝvi/ n
szkorbut
deficiency of vitamin C

scurvy-grass n
warzucha
Cochlearia

scutch /skʌt͡ʃ/ n
klepaczka
knife-shaped tool used to separate woody fiber from flax or hemp

scuttlebutt /ˈskʌtəlbʌt/ /ˈskʌtəlˌbʌt/ [-ɾəl-] n
plotka
gossip, idle chatter

scythe /ˈsaɪð/ /ˈsaɪθ/ n
kosa
farm tool

scythe /ˈsaɪð/ /ˈsaɪθ/ v
kosić
to cut with a scythe

scythed chariot n
rydwan z kosami

sea /seɪ/ /siː/ n
morze
body of water

sea anemone n
ukwiał
polyp

sea bass /ˈsiːbæs/ n
labraks moron
salt-water fish

sea breeze n
bryza
wind from the sea

sea buckthorn n
rokitnik rozmarynowiec
shrub of the genus Hippophae

sea cow n
krowa morska syrena
marine mammal of the order Sirenia

sea cucumber n
strzykwa
sea cucumber

sea eagle n
bielik
genus Haliaeetus

sea holly n
mikołajek
Eryngium
mikołajek nadmorski
Eryngium maritimum

sea horse n
konik morski pławikonik
fish

sea lettuce n
błonica sałatowa sałata morska ulwa
seaweed of genus Ulva

sea level n
poziom morza
nominal height of the surface of the oceans above which heights of geographical features and aircraft flight levels are measured

sea lion /ˈsiː ˈlaɪən/ /ˈsiːˌlaɪən/ n
lew morski
member of the Otariidae family

sea otter n
kałan morski wydra morska wydrozwierz
Enhydra lutris

sea stack /ˈsi ˌstæk/ /ˈsiː ˌstæk/ n
filar
pillar of rock that rises from the ocean

sea turtle n
żółw morski
any turtle that inhabits oceans

sea urchin /ˈsi ˌɝtʃɪ̈n/ n
jeżowiec
any of many marine echinoderms of the class Echinoidea

seabed n
dno oceaniczne
floor or bottom of the sea or ocean

seaborgium /siːˈbɔːɹɡiəm/ n
seaborg
chemical element with atomic number 106

seadog n
wilk morski
sailor accustomed to the sea

seafarer n
żeglarz żeglarka
one who travels by sea

seafood /ˈsiːfuːd/ n
owoce morza frutti di mare
fish, shellfish, seaweed and other edible aquatic life

seagrass n
trawa morska
grasslike marine plants

seal /siːl/ n
foka
pinniped
banderola
anything that secures or authenticates
banderola plomba
something which will be visibly damaged when a covering or container is opened
pieczęć
design or insignia associated with organization or official role
stamp used to impress a design on a soft substance
uszczelka
something designed to prevent leaking
uszczelnienie
tight closure

seal /siːl/ v
banderolować
to mark with a stamp
banderolować przypieczętować
to place a seal on (a document)
banderolować zaplombować
to fasten (something) closed so that it cannot be opened without visible damage

sealant /ˈsiːlənt/ n
szczeliwo
material used to seal a surface so as to prevent passage of a fluid

sealing wax /ˈsiːlɪŋ ˌwæks/ n
lak
wax formerly melted onto a letter to seal it

seam /siːm/ n
pokład
thin stratum of mineral
szew
folded back and stitched piece of fabric
suture

seaman /ˈsiːmən/ n
marynarz
naval rank

seamark n
baka stawa
beacon, buoy etc.

seamless adj
bezszwowy
Having no seams
ciągły nieprzerwany
Without interruption; coherent

seamlessly adv
gładko
In a seamless manner

seamster n
szwacz
person who sews clothes

seamstress /ˈsiːm(p).stɹɪs/ /ˈsɛm(p).stɹɪs/ n
szwaczka
a woman who sews clothes professionally

seance /ˈseɪˌɑns/ n
seans

seaplane n
hydroplan wodnosamolot
an aircraft

search /sɑː(ɹ)t͡ʃ/ /sɜːt͡ʃ/ /sɝt͡ʃ/ n
poszukiwanie przeszukiwanie
an attempt to find something

search /sɑː(ɹ)t͡ʃ/ /sɜːt͡ʃ/ /sɝt͡ʃ/ v
szukać przeszukiwać przeszukać
to look throughout (a place) for something

search and rescue n
poszukiwawczo-ratowniczy
effort to save persons

search engine n
szukajka wyszukiwarka
application that searches for data

search engine optimization n
optymalizacja dla wyszukiwarek internetowych
improvement of a web site's ranking in search engines

search warrant n
nakaz rewizji
court order authorising the search of a place

searocket n
ruwkiel
Cakile

seascape n
marina
piece of art that depicts the sea or shoreline

seashell n
muszla muszelka
shell

seasickness /ˈsiːsɪk.nəs/ n
choroba morska
a feeling of nausea caused by the motion of a ship

seaside adj
nadmorski
related to a seaside

seaside n
wybrzeże
the area by and around the sea

season /ˈsiː.zən/ n
pora roku sezon
quarter of a year
sezon
a group of episodes
sezon pora roku
part of year with something special

season /ˈsiː.zən/ v
przyprawić przyprawiać
to flavour food

seasonal worker n
pracownik sezonowy robotnik sezonowy sezonowiec

seasonally adv
sezonowo
occurring every season
occurring only in season

seasoning n
przyprawa
cooking ingredient

seat /siːt/ n
miejsce siedzące siedzenie miejsce siedzisko
place in which to sit
siedzenia siedzenie
horizontal portion of a chair

seat /siːt/ v
posadzić sadzać
to request or direct to sit

seat at the table n
miejsce przy stole

seat belt n
pas bezpieczeństwa
restraining belt

seat post n
zacisk sztycy

seat reservation ticket n
miejscówka
ticket with guaranteed firm seating

seaweed n
wodorost glon
marine plants and algae

seawolf n
zębacz
Anarhichas lupus

seaworthiness n
zdatność do żeglugi
property of being fit to go to sea

sebaceous /səˈbeɪ.ʃəs/ adj
łojowy
of or relating to fat, sebum

sebaceous gland n
gruczoł łojowy
gland of skin secreting sebum

sebum /ˈsibm̩/ n
łój
thick oily substance

secant /ˈsiːkənt/ n
sekans
in trigonometry
sieczna
in geometry

secede /sɪˈsiːd/ v
odłączyć się
To split from or to withdraw from membership of a political union, an alliance or an organisation

secession /səˈsɛʃən/ n
secesja
The act of seceding

secluded /səˈkluːdɪd/ adj
izolowany oddzielony odosobniony ustronny
in seclusion, isolated, remote

second /ˈsɛk.(ə)nd/ /ˈsɛk.(ə)nt/ /ˈsɛkənd/ /ˈsɛkɪnd/ adj
drugi druga
second (numeral)
drugi sekunda
that comes after the first

second /səˈkɑnd/ /səˈkɒnd/ /ˈsɛk.(ə)nd/ /ˈsɛk.(ə)nt/ n
sekundant
attendant of a duel or boxing match standing in for a contestant

second /ˈsɛk.(ə)nd/ /ˈsɛk.(ə)nt/ n
sekunda
one-sixtieth of a minute; SI unit of time
unit of angular measure
sekunda chwila moment
short, indeterminate amount of time

second /ˈsɛk.(ə)nd/ /ˈsɛk.(ə)nt/ /ˈsɛkənd/ /ˈsɛkɪnd/ n
sekunda
music: interval between two adjacent notes

second chance n
druga szansa
opportunity to redeem oneself

second coming n
paruzja
the return of Jesus Christ

second cousin n
kuzyn w drugiej linii kuzynka w drugiej linii
grandnephew or grandniece of a grandparent

second derivative n
druga pochodna

second fiddle n
drugie skrzypce
music: fiddle part in harmony to the first fiddle
music: person playing second fiddle

second hand /ˈsɛkənd ˌhænd/ n
sekundnik wskazówka sekundowa
the hand or pointer that shows the number of seconds that have passed

second helping n
dokładka dolewka
a second portion of the same thing (usually of food)

second lieutenant n
podporucznik
the rank below a lieutenant

second nature n
druga natura
mindset

second of arc n
sekunda sekunda kątowa
angle of an arc

second person n
druga osoba
the form of a verb used when the subject of a sentence is the audience

second wind n
drugi oddech
renewed feeling of energy

second-degree murder n
morderstwo drugiego stopnia
act or crime of murder with intent, but without premeditation

second-guess /ˈsɛk.(ə)ndˌɡɛs/ /ˈsɛk.(ə)ntˌɡɛs/ /ˈsɛk.ən(t)ˌɡɛs/ /ˈsɛk.əndˌɡɛs/ /ˈsɛk.ɪndˌɡɛs/ v
krytykować podważać podważyć skrytykować
to vet or evaluate

second-level domain n
domena drugiego poziomu
subordinate domain

second-rate adj
drugorzędny pośledni
of mediocre quality

secondary education n
wykształcenie średnie
education of children that follows primary education and leads to either employment or further education

secondary legislation n
delegacja ustawowa
legislation enacted by power derived from another legislation

secondary school n
szkoła średnia

secondary source n
źródło wtórne
(historiography) document that draws on primary sources

secondary victimization n
wtórna wiktymizacja
victim culpability

secondhand /ˈsɛk(ə)nd hand/ adj
używany z drugiej ręki
not new; previously owned and used by another

secondly /ˈsɛk.(ə)ndli/ /ˈsɛk.(ə)ntli/ /ˈsɛkəndli/ adv
po drugie
in the second place

seconds /ˈsɛk.əndz/ /ˈsɛk.ənts/ /ˈsɛkəndz/ n
dokładka dolewka
second serving

secret /ˈsiːkɹət/ /ˈsiːkɹɛt/ /ˈsiːkɹɪt/ adj
tajny sekretny tajemny
being or kept hidden.

secret /ˈsiːkɹət/ /ˈsiːkɹɛt/ /ˈsiːkɹɪt/ n
tajemnica sekret
knowledge that is hidden

secret admirer n
tajny wielbiciel
romantic admirer

secret agent n
agentka agent
member of an intelligence agency whose identity or affiliation is kept confidential

secret of Polichinelle n
tajemnica poliszynela
secret known to everyone

secret service n
służby specjalne
government organization

secret society n
tajne stowarzyszenie
organization

secretariat /ˌsɛkɹəˈtɛəɹɪət/ /ˌsɛkɹəˈtɛɹi.ət/ n
sekretariat
the office or department of a government secretary

secretary /ˈsɛk.(ɹ)əˌtɛɹ.i/ /ˈsɛk.ɹə.tə.ɹi/ /ˈsɛk.ɹə.tɹi/ [ˈsɛk.(ɹ)əˌtʰɛɹ.i] n
sekretarz sekretarka
person keeping records and handling clerical work

secrete /sɪˈkɹiːt/ v
wydzielać wydzielić
(transitive) produce by secretion

secretion /sɪˈkriːʃ(ə)n/ n
wydzielina
secreted substance

secretive /ˈsiːkɹətɪv/ /ˈsiːkɹɪtɪv/ adj
tajemniczy skryty
having an inclination to secrecy

secretly /ˈsiː.kɹət.li/ /ˈsiː.kɹɪt.li/ adv
potajemnie
in a secret manner

sect /sɛkt/ n
sekta
religious movement

sectarianism /sɛkˈtɛɹ.i.ən.ɪz.əm/ n
sekciarstwo
rigid adherence to a particular sect, party or denomination

section /ˈsɛkʃən/ n
działon sekcja
(military) group of 10-15 soldiers lead by a non-commissioned officer and forming part of a platoon
sekcja
part, piece or subdivision of anything
surgery: incision or the act of making an incision

sector /ˈsɛk.təɹ/ n
sektor
fixed-sized unit of sequential data storage
sektor sekcja
section

secular /ˈsɛkjələɹ/ /ˈsɛkjʊlə/ adj
świecki laicki
not specifically religious

secularism /ˈsɛkjʊləˌɹɪzəm/ n
sekularyzm
neutrality towards all religions

secularization n
laicyzacja sekularyzacja
transformation of values from religious to non-religious

secularly adv
laicko świecko
in a secular fashion

secure /səˈkjɔɹ/ /səˈkjɔː(ɹ)/ /səˈkjɝ/ /səˈkjʊə(ɹ)/ /səˈkjʊɹ/ adj
bezpieczny
Firm and not likely to fail; stable
Free from the risk of financial loss; reliable
free from attack or danger; protected
free from the danger of theft; safe

securely /səˈkjɔːli/ /səˈkjɝli/ /səˈkjʊəli/ /səˈkjʊɹli/ adv
bezpiecznie
in a secure manner

securitization /sɪˈkjʊəɹɪtʌɪzeɪʃən/ n
sekurytyzacja
process of securitizing assets

security /səˈkjɔɹ.ɪˌti/ /səˈkjʊɹ.ɪˌti/ /sɪˈkjɔːɹəti/ /sɪˈkjʊəɹəti/ [səˈkjɔɹ.ɪˌɾi] [səˈkjʊɹ.ɪˌɾi] n
bezpieczeństwo
condition of not being threatened
ochrona
organization or department responsible for providing security
papier wartościowy
finance: tradeable financial asset

security guard n
ochrona ochroniarz
person employed to provide security

sedentary /ˈsɛd.ən.tə.ɹi/ /ˈsɛd.ən.tɛɹ.i/ /ˈsɛd.ən.tɹi/ adj
osiadły
not moving, not migratory
siedzący
not moving much; sitting around

sedeprivationism n
sedeprywacjonizm
The school of thought that the popes of the new religion of Vatican II council have been defective or deprived of the infallible teaching authority of the office because of their Modernist intent and remain in pope elect status until rencanting the innovations

sedevacantism /ˌsɛdɪˈveɪkəntɪzəm/ n
sedewakantyzm
belief that actual pope is not a true and legitimated one

sedge /sɛd͡ʒ/ n
turzyca
any plant of the genus Carex

sedge warbler n
rokitniczka
Acrocephalus schoenobaenus

sediment /ˈsɛd.ɪ.mənt/ n
osad
collection of small particles

sedimentary basin n
basen sedymentacyjny

sedimentary rock n
skały osadowe
one of the major groups of rock that makes up the crust of the Earth

sedimentology n
sedymentologia
study of natural sediments

sedition /sɛˈdɪ.ʃən/ n
bunt rokosz
insurrection or rebellion

seduce /sɪˈd(j)uːs/ /sɪˈdjuːs/ v
uwodzić uwieść
to entice or induce someone to engage in a sexual relationship
to win over or attract someone

seducer n
uwodziciel
someone who seduces, especially a man who seduces a woman

seduction /sɪˈdʌk.ʃn̩/ n
uwodzenie
act of seducing

seductive /sɪˈdʌktɪv/ adj
uwodzicielski
attractive, alluring, tempting

seductress n
uwodzicielka
woman who seduces

see /ˈsi/ /ˈsiː/ n
biskupstwo
office of a bishop
diecezja biskupstwo
diocese

see /ˈsi/ /ˈsiː/ v
rozumieć zrozumieć
understand
widzieć dostrzegać
perceive with the eyes

see Naples and die proverb
zobaczyć Neapol i umrzeć
nothing in life tops seeing Naples

see for oneself v
widzieć na własne oczy zobaczyć na własne oczy
to confirm a claim

see off v
odprowadzać odprowadzić
to accompany someone to a point of departure

see past the end of one's nose v
(nie) widzieć dalej niż czubek własnego nosa
have insight into underlying facts or consequences

see the glass half-empty v
myśleć pesymistycznie

see the glass half-full v
myśleć optymistycznie

see the light v
ujrzeć światłość
undergo a spiritual conversion
wypłynąć wypływać
zdać sobie sprawę zrozumieć
gain an insight

see through v
patrzeć przez
perceive visually through something transparent
przejrzeć
avoid being deceived
to recognize someone's true motives

see you /ˈsiː juː/ /ˈsiː jə/ phraseologicalUnit
do zobaczenia bywaj cześć na razie nara pa
see you later

see you later phraseologicalUnit
do zobaczenia na razie cześć nara pa pa pa
goodbye

see you soon interjection
do zobaczenia na razie
goodbye

see you tomorrow phraseologicalUnit
do jutra
see you tomorrow

seed /siːd/ n
nasienie nasiono
semen
nasienie nasiono nasionko
any small seed-like fruit

seed /siːd/ v
siać
to plant or sow seeds

seedbed n
rozsadnik szkółka
ground prepared for planting of seeds

seeding plough n
pług siejący

seedless adj
beznasienny bezpestkowy
not having seeds

seedling /ˈsiːdlɪŋ/ n
sadzonka rozsada
young plant grown from seed

seedy /ˈsiːdi/ adj
niedysponowany
infirm; gone to seed
obskurny zapuszczony
disreputable; run-down
zaniedbany zapuszczony
untidy; unkempt
ziarnisty
full of seeds

seeing /ˈsiːɪŋ/ conjunction
z uwagi na to że
inasmuch as; in view of the fact

seek /siːk/ v
szukać poszukiwać
to try to find

seek and ye shall find proverb
kto szuka, ten znajdzie szukajcie, a znajdziecie
one finds what one looks for

seem /siːm/ v
wydawać się zdawać się wydać się zdać się
to appear

seer /sɪə(ɹ)/ /ˈsiːə(ɹ)/ n
jasnowidz jasnowidzka
someone who foretells the future

seesaw /ˈsi.sɔ/ /ˈsiː.sɑː/ /ˈsiː.sɔː/ n
huśtawka huśtawka wagowa
structure moving up and down, balanced in the middle

segment /sɛɡˈmɛnt/ /ˈsɛɡ.mənt/ /ˈsɛɡmɛnt/ n
człon segment
math: portion

sei whale n
sejwal
whale of the rorqual family

seigniorage /ˈseɪ.njə.ɹɪd͡ʒ/ n
senioraż
money earned from difference on interest

seine /seɪn/ n
niewód
fishing net

seismic /ˈsaɪzmɪk/ adj
porażający
of very large or widespread effect
sejsmiczny
related to, or caused by an earthquake or other vibration of the Earth

seismogram n
sejsmogram
output from an accelerograph or seismograph

seismograph /ˈsaɪz.mə.ɡɹæf/ n
sejsmograf
instrument that detects and records earthquakes

seismologist n
sejsmolog
person who practices seismology

seismology /saɪs.ˈmɑl.ə.d͡ʒi/ /saɪzˈmɑl.ə.d͡ʒi/ n
sejsmologia
the study of the vibration of the Earth's interior

seitan /ˈseɪtæn/ /ˈseɪtɑːn/ /ˈseɪtən/ n
seitan
wheat gluten

seize /siːz/ v
chwytać łapać chwycić złapać
to deliberately take hold of, grab

seize the day v
chwytaj dzień
enjoy the present

seizure /ˈsi.ʒɚ/ /ˈsizjʊɚ/ /ˈsiː.ʒə(ɹ)/ [ˈsɪi.ʒə(ɹ)] n
napad
sudden attack or convulsion

seldom /ˈsɛldəm/ adv
rzadko
infrequently, rarely

select /sɪˈlɛkt/ v
wybierać wybrać selekcjonować
to choose one or more elements from a set

selection /səˈlɛkʃən/ n
selekcja
process or act of selecting

selection bias n
błąd selekcji

selective /səˈlɛktɪv/ adj
selektywny wybiórczy
of or pertaining to the process of selection
wybiórczy
choosy, fussy or discriminating when selecting

selenium /səˈliːni.əm/ /sɪˈliːni.əm/ n
selen
chemical element

seleno- prefix
seleno-

selenocentric adj
selenocentryczny
having the moon at the center

selenocentric orbit n
orbita okołoksiężycowa

selenology /sɛliːˈnɒləd͡ʒɪ/ n
selenologia
the study of the moon and several satellites

self- /sɛlf/ prefix
samo-
of, by, in or with oneself or itself

self-abuse /sɛlfəˈbjuːs/ n
autoagresja
self-deception
self-harm

self-actualization n
samorealizacja
psychological development

self-analysis n
autoanaliza samoanaliza

self-assertive adj
apodyktyczny
determined to advance one's own personality or views

self-assured adj
pewny siebie
confident on one's abilities

self-aware adj
samoświadomy
aware of oneself

self-awareness n
samoświadomość
state of being self-aware

self-censorship n
autocenzura
act of censoring one's own work

self-cleaning adj
samoczyszczący
that cleans itself

self-conceit n
zarozumiałość
vanity

self-confidence n
kontenans kuraż rezon
state of being self-confident

self-confident adj
pewny siebie
confident in one's abilities

self-conscious adj
samoświadomy
aware of oneself as an individual being
zakompleksiony
excessively conscious of one's appearance or behaviour

self-consciousness n
samoświadomość
awareness of the self as an entity
zakłopotanie nieśmiałość
shyness

self-contradiction n
samozaprzecznie

self-control /ˌsɛlf kənˈtɹoʊl/ /ˌsɛlf kənˈtɹəʊl/ n
autokontrola samokontrola
ability to control one's desires and impulses

self-critical /sɛlfˈkɹɪtɪkəl/ adj
samokrytyczny
capable of criticizing oneself

self-criticism n
samokrytyka autokrytyka
criticism of oneself

self-defense n
samoobrona
means of defending oneself from attack
law: the right to protect oneself against violence by using reasonable force

self-deprecating /ˌsɛlfˈdɛpɹəˌkeɪtɪŋ/ adj
autoironiczny
disapproval of self

self-deprecatingly adv
autoironicznie

self-deprecation n
autoironia
disparaging view of oneself

self-described adj
samozwańczy

self-destruction n
autodestrukcja samozagłada samozniszczenie
voluntary destruction of something by itself

self-destructive adj
autodestrukcyjny
that causes injury to oneself or harm to one's interests

self-destructively adv
autodestrukcyjnie

self-determination /ˌsɛlfdɪˌtɜː(ɹ)mɪˈneɪʃən/ n
samostanowienie
political independence of a people
ability or right to make one's own decisions without interference from others

self-discipline n
samodyscyplina
control of oneself

self-dual adj
[[samo-]]podwójny
of a graph or polyhedron, being the dual of itself
of a vector space, isomorphic to its dual space

self-edit v
autopoprawka
authorship

self-educated v
autodydaktyczny
having learned without the direction of a teacher

self-employed adj
samozatrudniony
working for oneself

self-employment n
samozatrudnienie
working for oneself

self-esteem /ˌsɛlf.əˈstiːm/ n
poczucie własnej wartości
confidence in one's own worth

self-evident adj
zrozumiały sam przez się
obviously true

self-fulfilling prophecy n
samospełniająca się przepowiednia
A prediction that, by being voiced, causes itself to come true

self-government n
samorząd
governance of a region by its own populace

self-harm n
samookaleczanie samookaleczenie
deliberate injuring of one's body

self-help n
samopomoc
bettering oneself without relying on the assistance of others

self-identification n
autoidentyfikacja

self-image n
obraz samego siebie
way a person views themselves

self-immolation n
samospalenie
setting oneself on fire

self-important adj
ważny
having too high an opinion of one's own importance

self-improvement n
rozwój osobisty
following a disciplined programme to improve one’s health or character

self-indulgent adj
dogadzający sobie
exhibiting tendencies of self-indulgence

self-infection n
autoinfekcja

self-interest n
własna korzyść własny interes
personal interest

self-interested adj
egoistyczny
having self-interest; particularly concerned for oneself

self-isolation n
samoizolacja

self-knowledge /ˈsɛlfˌnɑl.ɪdʒ/ /ˈsɛlfˌnɒl.ɪdʒ/ n
samowiedza
knowledge or insight into one's own nature and abilities

self-made adj
zawdzięczający wszystko samemu sobie
having achieved success by one's own efforts

self-medication n
samoleczenie
medication of oneself without professional advice

self-mockery n
autoironia

self-mockingly adv
autoironicznie

self-plagiarism n
autoplagiat
reuse of one's own words etc.

self-portrait n
autoportret
portrait of the painter who painted it

self-possession n
opanowanie spokój
calmness and composure

self-praise is no recommendation proverb
nie powinno się niesłusznie chwalić
empty boasting reflects poorly on one

self-preservation /ˌsɛlfˌpɹɛzɜˈɹ.veɪ.ʃən/ n
instynkt samozachowawczy
self-preservation

self-proclaimed adj
samozwańczy

self-promotion n
autopromocja
the act of promoting oneself

self-propelled adj
samobieżny
having its own means of propulsion

self-publish v
wydawać się wydać się
publish a work independently

self-reflection v
autorefleksja
the act
the result

self-regulation n
autoregulacja samoregulacja
the regulation of one's own behavior

self-reliance n
niezależność samodzielność
independence

self-reliant adj
niezależny
reliant upon oneself

self-respect n
poczucie własnej wartości szacunek dla samego siebie
knowledge of one's own worth

self-respecting adj
ambitny
having self-respect

self-sacrifice n
samopoświęcenie
giving up of one's own benefit

self-satisfied adj
zadowolony z siebie
satisfied with oneself

self-seeker n
samolub samolubka
a self-seeking person

self-seeking adj
egoistyczny samolubny
mindful of, or promoting, only one's own interests

self-serve adj
samoobsługowy

self-service n
samoobsługa
the practice of serving oneself

self-serving adj
wyrachowany
showing interest only in oneself

self-storage n
magazyn samoobsługowy
business where the customer rents a closed storage space compartment

self-sufficiency n
samowystarczalność
condition of being self-sufficient

self-sufficient adj
samowystarczalny
able to provide for oneself independently of others

self-sufficiently adv
samowystarczalnie
in a self-sufficient manner

self-victimization n
autowiktymizacja samowiktymizacja

self-willed adj
samowolny
obstinate; strong-minded; unyielding to the desires, concern or opinions of others

selfheal n
głowienka
plant of genus Prunella

selfie /ˈsɛlfi/ n
selfie
photographic self-portrait

selfish /ˈsɛlf.ɪʃ/ [ˈsɛɫ̥fɪʃ] adj
samolubny
regard for oneself above others' well-being
samolubny egoistyczny
holding one's self-interest as the standard for decision making

selfishly adv
egoistycznie samolubnie
in a selfish manner

selfishness /ˈsɛl.fɪʃ.nəs/ n
egoizm samolubstwo samolubność
quality of being selfish

selfless adj
bezinteresowny ofiarny
having, exhibiting or motivated by no concern for oneself; unselfish

selflessness n
bezinteresowność
quality or state of being selfless

sell /sɛl/ v
sprzedawać sprzedać
to agree to transfer goods or provide services for payment

sell like hot cakes v
sprzedawać się jak świeże bułeczki sprzedać się jak świeże bułeczki
sell quickly

sell one's birthright for a mess of pottage v
sprzedawać za tanio sprzedać za tanio

sell one's body v
sprzedawać się sprzedać się

sell one's own grandmother v
sprzedać własną matkę

sell one's soul v
sprzedać własną matkę
to abandon one's values or principles for other benefits

sell order n
zlecenie sprzedaży

seller /ˈsɛlə/ /ˈsɛlɚ/ n
sprzedawca sprzedawczyni
someone who sells

seller's market n
rynek sprzedawcy
excess of demand over supply

selling price n
cena detaliczna cena sprzedaży
price at which an item is sold

sellout n
sprzedawczyk
a person who compromises his or her principles

selvage /ˈsɛlvɪd͡ʒ/ n
rąbek
finished edge of a woven fabric parallel with warp

semanteme n
semantem

semantic /səˈmæntək/ /sɪˈmæntɪk/ adj
semantyczny
of or relating to semantics or the meanings of words

semantic field n
pole semantyczne
group of words relating to same subject

semantic loan n
kalka znaczeniowa

semantic shift n
dryf semantyczny
linguistics

semantically adv
semantycznie
in the manner of or referring to semantics

semantics /sɪˈmæntɪks/ n
semantyka
science of the meaning of words
study of the relationship between words and their meanings

semen /ˈsiːmən/ n
sperma nasienie
male reproductory fluid

semester /sɪˈmɛstə/ /sɪˈmɛstɚ/ n
semestr półrocze
half of school year

semi- /sɛmaɪ/ /sɛmi/ prefix
pół-
half (prefix)

semi-automatic adj
półautomatyczny
of a firearm, loading the next shell but requiring the trigger to be squeezed for each shot
partially automatic

semi-detached adj
bliźniaczy
having one wall shared

semi-detached n
bliźniak
house

semi-precious adj
półszlachetny
sort of or somewhat precious or valuable

semi-trailer n
naczepa
trailer without a front axle and with wheels only at the trailing end

semi-trailer truck n
ciągnik siodłowy
A semitruck pulling a semitrailer

semiaquatic adj
półwodny ziemno-wodny

semibreve n
cała nuta
whole note

semicircle n
półkole półokrąg
half of a circle

semicircular adj
półkolisty
in the shape of a semicircle

semicolon /ˈsɛmikoʊlən/ /ˌsɛmiˈkəʊlən/ n
średnik
punctuation mark ';'

semicolonial adj
[[semi-]]kolonialny

semicolonialism n
[[semi-]]kolonializm

semiconducting adj
półprzewodnikowy
having the characteristics of a semiconductor

semiconductor n
półprzewodnik
substance with electrical properties between conductor and insulator

semiconscious adj
półprzytomny
not fully conscious

semidesert n
półpustynia
semiarid region, approaching desert

semifinal n
półfinał
competition

semifinalist n
półfinalista półfinalistka
person who competes in the semifinals

semimembranosus n
mięsień półbłoniasty
The innermost muscle of the thigh

seminar /ˈsɛmɪnɑɹ/ /ˈsɛmɪnɑː/ n
seminarium
seminarium konwersatorium
class held for advanced studies

seminarist n
alumn kleryk seminarzysta seminarzystka
student at a seminary

seminary /ˈsɛmənɛɹi/ /ˈsɛmɪnəɹi/ /ˈsɛmɪnɹi/ n
seminarium
theological school

seminoma n
nasieniak
form of testicular cancer

semiology n
semiologia
semiotics

semiotician n
semiotyk
linguist specialized in semiotics

semiotics /ˌsiː.maɪˈɑt.ɪks/ /ˌsiː.miˈɑt.ɪks/ /ˌsɛm.iˈɑt.ɪks/ /ˌsɛm.iˈɒt.ɪks/ n
semiotyka semiologia
study of signs

semipalmated sandpiper n
biegus tundrowy
Calidris pusilla

semiprime n
liczba półpierwsza
number that is the product of two primes

semiquaver n
szesnastka
music

semitendinosus n
mięsień półścięgnisty
muscle in the thigh

semitone /ˈsɛmitoʊn/ n
półton
interval between adjacent keys

semitransparent adj
półprzezroczysty półprzeźroczysty
allowing some visibility but clouded

semivowel n
spółgłoska półotwarta
sound in speech

semolina /ˌsɛməˈliːnə/ n
semolina
hard grains of flour left after milling

senate /ˈsenət/ /ˈsɛnət/ /ˈsɛnɪt/ n
senat
the upper house in some bicameral legislative systems

senator /ˈsɛn.ə.tə/ /ˈsɛn.ə.tɚ/ n
senator senatorka
member in the house or chamber of a legislature called a senate

senatorial adj
senacki senatorski
senatorial

send /sɛnd/ v
wysyłać wysłać słać
make something go somewhere

sender /ˈsɛndɚ/ n
nadawca adresant adresantka nadawczyni
someone who sends

senescence /səˈnɛsəns/ /sɪˈnɛsəns/ n
starzenie się
biology: the state or process of aging

senescent adj
starczy
characteristic of old age
starzejący się
growing old

senile /ˈsinaɪl/ /ˈsiːnaɪl/ adj
starczy
of, or relating to old age
zniedołężniały starczy
exhibiting the deterioration in mind

senility /səˈnɪlɪti/ n
starczość
the losing of memory and reason

senior /ˈsinjɚ/ /ˈsiːnjə(r)/ adj
starszy
older

senior /ˈsinjɚ/ /ˈsiːnjə(r)/ n
starszy
someone older than someone else

senior citizen n
senior seniorka
old person

sensation /sɛnˈseɪʃən/ n
czucie uczucie
physical feeling
sensacja
widespread excitement

sensational adj
sensacyjny
exceptionally great
provoking a reaction of interest or excitement

sensationalist adj
sensualistyczny
characterized by sensationalism

sense /sɛn(t)s/ /sɪn(t)s/ n
kierunek
math: direction of a vector
kierunek obrotu
math: direction of rotation
poczucie zmysł
conscious awareness
sens
meaning or reason
pragmatics term
zmysł
manner by which living beings perceive the physical world
natural ability
sound judgement
semantics term

sense /sɛn(t)s/ /sɪn(t)s/ v
przeczuwać
to instinctively be aware

sense of humour n
poczucie humoru
quality of an individual to find certain things funny

sensible /ˈsɛns.ə.bəl/ /ˈsɛns.ɪ.bəl/ [ˈsɛn̥səbɫ̩] [ˈsɛn̥sɪbl̩] adj
rozsądny sensowny
acting with or showing good judgement

sensibly /ˈsɛnsəbli/ adv
rozsądnie
in a sensible manner; in a way that shows good sense

sensitive /ˈsɛnsɪtɪv/ /ˈsɪnsɪtɪv/ adj
czuły
having the faculty of sensation; pertaining to the senses
drażliwy wrażliwy
easily offended
wrażliwy czuły
responsive to stimuli

sensitivity /ˈsɛnsɪvəti/ /ˌsɛnsəˈtɪvəti/ /ˌsɛnsɪˈtɪvɪti/ n
czułość
(photography) degree of response of a film etc. to light of a specified wavelength
wrażliwość czułość
the quality of being sensitive

sensor /ˈsɛn.sə/ /ˈsɛn.sɚ/ n
sensor czujnik
device or organ that detects certain external stimuli

sensualism n
sensualizm
doctrine: everything reduces to transformed sensation

sentence /ˈsɛntəns/ [ˈsɛntn̩(t)s] [ˈsɛnʔn̩(t)s] n
wyrok
judicial order for punishment
punishment imposed on a person convicted of a crime
wyrok orzeczenie
(dated) decision or judgement of a court
zdanie
grammatically complete series of words consisting of a subject and predicate

sentence /ˈsɛntəns/ [ˈsɛntn̩(t)s] [ˈsɛnʔn̩(t)s] v
skazać skazywać
declare a sentence on a convicted person

sentience /ˈsɛn.ti.əns/ /ˈsɛn.ʃi.əns/ /ˈsɛn.ʃəns/ n
świadomość
state or quality of being sentient

sentient /ˈsɛn.ti.ənt/ /ˈsɛn.ʃ(i.)ənt/ adj
przytomny
able to consciously perceive through the use of sense faculties

sentiment /ˈsɛn.tɪ.mənt/ n
sentyment
feelings or emotions

sentimental /ˌsɛniˈmɛnl̩/ /ˌsɛntiˈmɛntl̩/ adj
sentymentalny
characterized by sentiment, sentimentality or excess emotion

sentimental value n
wartość sentymentalna
value of something from associated personal memories

sentimentality n
uczuciowość sentyment sentymentalność
act of being sentimental

sentimentally adv
sentymentalnie
in a sentimental manner

sentry /ˈsɛntɹi/ n
strażnik
guard

sepal /ˈsiːp(ə)l/ /ˈsɛp(ə)l/ n
działka kielicha
part of calyx

separable adj
rozłączny
(differential equations)

separable verb n
czasownik rozdzielnie złożony
type of verb

separate /ˈsep.əˌɹæɪt/ /ˈsɛp.ə.ɹət/ /ˈsɛp.əˌɹeɪt/ /ˈsɛp.ɚˌeɪt/ /ˈsɛp.ɹət/ /ˈsɛpˌɹeɪt/ adj
oddzielny osobny
apart from; not connected to

separate /ˈsep.əˌɹæɪt/ /ˈsɛp.ə.ɹət/ /ˈsɛp.əˌɹeɪt/ /ˈsɛp.ɚˌeɪt/ /ˈsɛp.ɹət/ /ˈsɛpˌɹeɪt/ v
oddzielać separować oddzielić
to disunite, disconnect
rozdzielać separować rozdzielić
to cause to be separate

separate the wheat from the chaff v
oddzielić ziarno od plew oddzielać ziarno od plew
to select only that which is of value

separated /ˈsɛpəɹeɪtɪd/ adj
oddzielony osobny
detached; not connected or joined
w separacji
estranged; living apart but not divorced

separately /ˈsɛpəɹətli/ /ˈsɛpɹətli/ adv
oddzielnie osobno
in a separate manner

separation /ˌsep.əˈɹæɪ.ʃən/ /ˌsɛp.əˈɹeɪ.ʃən/ n
separacja
(law) an agreement terminating a relationship
separacja oddzielenie
act of disuniting two or more things

separatism n
separatyzm
separatism

separatist /ˈsɛpəɹətɪst/ adj
separatystyczny
advocating or seeking the separation of a country or territory

separatist /ˈsɛpəɹətɪst/ n
separatysta separatystka
political separatist

seppuku /səˈpu-/ /sɛˈpu-/ /sɛˈpuː.kuː/ /ˈsɛ.pu(ˌ)ku/ /ˈsɛ.pə-/ n
seppuku
ritual suicide by disembowelment

septendecillion /ˌsɛptəndəˈsɪl.i.ən/ numeral
milion oktylionów
1054

septennium /sɛpˈtɛniəm/ /sɛpˈtɛnɪəm/ n
siedmiolecie
period of seven years

septic /ˈsɛp.tɪk/ adj
septyczny
causing sepsis

septic shock n
wstrząs septyczny

septic tank n
szambo
watertight treatment system for domestic sewage

septillion numeral
kwadrylion
a trillion trillion, 1024

septum /ˈsɛp.təm/ n
przegroda
(anatomy) wall separating two cavities

sepulchral /səˈpʊlkɹəl/ /səˈpʌlkɹəl/ adj
cmentarny grobowy nagrobkowy sepulkralny
suggestive of grave
grobowy
hollow and deep

sepulchre /ˈsiːpəlkəɹ/ /ˈsɛpəlkə/ /ˈsɛpəlkɚ/ n
grobowiec
burial chamber

sequel /ˈsiːkwəl/ n
sequel
a narrative written after another narrative set in the same universe

sequela /-ˈkwi-/ /-ˈkwɛ-/ /sɪˈkwiːliː/ /sɪˈkwiːlə/ /sɪˈkwɛliː/ /sɪˈkwɛlə/ n
następstwo
condition or disease which follows chronologically after an earlier one

sequence /ˈsiːkwəns/ n
ciąg
in mathematics, an ordered list of objects
kolejność sekwencja bieg
set of things in a set order
sekwencja
series of shots that depict a single action or style
poetic, music composition used in some Catholic Masses between the readings
series of musical phrases where a theme or melody is repeated

sequentiality n
sekwencyjność

sequester /səˈkwɛs.tə/ /səˈkwɛs.tɚ/ /sɪˈkwɛs.tə/ /sɪˈkwɛs.tɚ/ n
areszt sekwestr sekwestracja
sequestration, separation

sequestration n
areszt sekwestr sekwestracja
the process or act of sequestering; a putting aside or separating

sequestrum n
martwak
a fragment of bone or other dead tissue

sequin /ˈsiː.kwɪn/ n
cekin
sparkling spangle used for decoration of ornate clothing:

sequoia /səˈkwɔɪ.ə/ /sɪˈkwɔɪ.ə/ n
sekwoja
tree

serac /sɛˈɹæk/ /ˈsɛɹæk/ n
serak
sharp tower of ice

seraglio /səˈɹæljoʊ/ /səˈɹæɡliːoʊ/ n
seraj
palace

seraph /ˈsɛɹəf/ n
serafin
high order of angels

seraphic /səˈɹæf.ɪk/ adj
seraficki seraficzny
relating to the seraphim

serenade /ˌsɛɹəˈneɪd/ n
serenada
love song
instrumental composition

serendipity /ˌsɛɹ.ənˈdɪp.ɪ.ti/ /ˌsɛɹ.ɛnˈdɪp.ɪ.ti/ n
szczęśliwy zbieg okoliczności
unsought, unintended... and/or learning experience that happens by accident

serene /səˈɹin/ /səˈɹiːn/ adj
najjaśniejszy
part of royal title
pogodny
fair and unclouded
spokojny niewzruszony opanowany
peaceful, calm

serenity /səˈɹɛnɪti/ n
spokój
state

serf /sɜːf/ /sɝf/ n
kmieć chłop pańszczyźniany
semifree peasant

serfdom n
pańszczyzna
state of being a serf
feudal system

sergeant /ˈsɑɹ.d͡ʒənt/ /ˈsɑː.d͡ʒənt/ n
sierżant
non-commissioned officer rank

serial /ˈsɪə.ɹɪ.əl/ /ˈsɪɚ.i.əl/ adj
seryjny
Having to do with or arranged in a series

serial killer n
seryjny morderca
person who commits multiple murders

serial number n
numer seryjny
unique number assigned to unit

sericulture /ˈsɛɹəˌkəlt͡ʃ ɚ/ /ˈsɛɹɪˌkʌltʃə/ /ˈsɛɹɪˌkʌlt͡ʃ ɚ/ /ˈsɪəɹɪ-/ n
jedwabnictwo
rearing of silkworms for the production of silk

series /ˈsiɹiz/ /ˈsɪə.ɹiːz/ /ˈsɪəɹɪ.ɪz/ /ˈsɪɹiz/ n
seria cykl
a number of things that follow on one after the other
serial szereg
television or radio program
szereg
in analysis: sum of the terms of a sequence

serif /səˈɹiːf/ /ˈsɛɹɪf/ n
szeryf
short line in a font

serin /ˈsɛɹɪn/ n
kulczyk
bird

serine n
seryna
nonessential amino acid; CH₂OH.CH(NH₂)COOH

serious /ˈsɪə.ɹɪ.əs/ /ˈsɪɚ.i.əs/ /ˈsɪɹ.i.əs/ /ˈsɪː.ɹɪ.əs/ adj
poważny
important; weighty; not trifling; leaving no room for play
without humor or expression of happiness

seriously /ˈsiɹi.əsli/ /ˈsɪəɹi.əsli/ /ˈsɪɹi.əsli/ adv
autentyk na poważnie na serio poważnie serio
speech-act
poważnie na poważnie na serio serio
in a serious or literal manner

seriousness /ˈsɪəɹiəsnəs/ /ˈsɪɹiəsnəs/ n
powaga
state of being serious

sermon /ˈsɜː.mən/ /ˈsɝ.mən/ n
kazanie
religious discourse
speech of reproval

serotonin /ˌsɛɹəˈtoʊnɪn/ /ˌsɛɹəˈtəʊnɪn/ n
serotonina
the compound 5-hydroxytryptamine

serpent /ˈsɜːpənt/ /ˈsɝpənt/ n
wąż
snake

serpentine /ˈsɜː.pənˌtaɪn/ /ˈsɝ.pənˌtaɪn/ adj
wężowy
of, pertaining to, or characteristic of snakes

serpopard n
serpopard
A mythical serpent-necked leopard

serum /ˈsiɹəm/ /ˈsiːɹəm/ /ˈsɪəɹəm/ /ˈsɪɹəm/ n
serum
skincare product
surowica
yellowish fluid obtained from blood

serval /ˈsɜːvəl/ /ˈsɝvəl/ n
serwal
medium-sized African wild cat

servant /ˈsɜːvənt/ /ˈsɝvənt/ [ˈsɝvn̩ʔ] n
sługa służąca służący
one who is hired to perform regular household or other duties, and receives compensation

serve /sɑː(ɹ)v/ /sɜːv/ /sɝv/ n
serw serwis zagrywka
sports: act of putting the ball or shuttlecock in play

serve /sɑː(ɹ)v/ /sɜːv/ /sɝv/ v
serwować podawać
to bring food to
służyć
to work for
to be a servant

serve someone right v
dobrze Ci tak! masz na co zasłużyłaś! masz na co zasłużyłeś! sam jesteś sobie winien! sama jesteś sobie winna!
serves you right!

server /ˈsɜːvə/ /ˈsɝvɚ/ n
kelner kelnerka
one who serves
serwer
computing: a program which provides services to other programs or users
computing: a computer dedicated to running server programs

service /ˈsɜːvɪs/ /ˈsɝvɪs/ n
nabożeństwo
religious rite or ritual
obsługa służba
act of being of assistance to someone
służba
the military
usługa serwis
computing: function provided by one program or machine for another
usługa służba usługiwanie serwis
practice of providing services as economic activity

service /ˈsɜːvɪs/ /ˈsɝvɪs/ v
serwisować
to perform maintenance
serwować
to serve

service dog n
pies towarzyszący
dog that assists a handicapped person or an official

service economy n
gospodarka oparta na usługach gospodarka usługowa
a service oriented economy

service level n
poziom usług

service record n
akta przebieg służby

service tree n
jarząb domowy
Sorbus domestica

serviceable /ˈsɜːvɪsəbl̩/ /ˈsɝvɪsəbl̩/ adj
efektywny sprawny
in condition for use

serviceberry n
świdośliwa
Amelanchier

serviceman n
wojskowy
man who serves in the armed forces

servile /ˈsəɹ.vəl/ /ˈsəɹˌvaɪl/ /ˈsɜː(ɹ)ˌvaɪl/ adj
uniżony lokajski niewolniczy
slavish or submissive

servility /sə.ˈvɪ.lɪ.ti/ /sɚ.ˈvɪ.lɪ.ti/ /ˌsɜː.ˈvɪ.lɪ.ti/ /ˌsɝ.ˈvɪ.lɪ.ti/ n
serwilizm
condition of being servile

serving /ˈsɜːvɪŋ/ /ˈsɝvɪŋ/ n
porcja
portion of food

servitization n
serwicyzacja

servitude /-tjuːd/ /ˈsɜːvɪtʃuːd/ /ˈsɝvɪtud/ n
służebność
qualified beneficial interest
the state of being a slave

sesame /ˈsiːsəm/ /ˈsɛsəm/ /ˈsɛsəmi/ /ˈsɛz-/ n
sezam
plant
seed

sesquiterpene n
seskwiterpeny
terpene formed from three isoprene units

sessile /ˈsɛsaɪl/ /ˈsɛsɪl/ adj
bezogonkowy bezszypułkowy
botany

sessile oak n
dąb bezszypułkowy
deciduous tree

session /ˈsɛʃ(ə)n/ n
sesja posiedzenie
meeting of a body to conduct business
sesja seans
period devoted to a particular activity

sestertius n
sestercja sesterc
Roman coin

sestina n
sekstyna sestyna
A highly structured poem

set /sɛt/ adj
gotowy
ready, prepared
określony ustalony
prearranged
ułożony
of hair: fixed in a certain style
zdeterminowany
intent, determined

set /sɛt/ n
odbiornik
device for receiving broadcast radio waves
dekoracje plan
scenery for a film or play
grupa zespół
group of people, usually meeting socially
komplet
matching collection of similar things, such as a set of tables
set
in tennis
volleyball
zbiór agregat
set theory: collection of objects
zestaw
collection of various objects for a particular purpose, such as a set of tools

set /sɛt/ v
kłaść stawiać
to put something down
nakreślić
to introduce
nakryć zastawić
to arrange with dishes and cutlery
nastawić ustawiać
to adjust
określać ustalać
to determine
przygotowywać
to prepare (a stage or film set)
składać
to arrange type
tężeć wysychać zastygać
to solidify
umiejscawiać
to locate, to backdrop
zachodzić
of a heavenly body: to disappear below the horizon
zadawać
to devise and assign work

set an example v
świecić przykładem

set fire v
podpalać podpalić
to light using fire

set foot on land v
wysiadać wysiąść

set forth v
przedstawić
to present for consideration
wyruszyć
to begin a journey

set free v
uwalniać uwolnić
release, free, give freedom to

set in motion v
nadawać bieg nadać bieg
trigger movement or progress

set on fire v
zapalić podpalić
cause to begin to burn

set phrase n
frazeologizm idiom idiomat idiomatyzm związek frazeologiczny
expression subject to little variation
idiomatic expression

set point n
piłka setowa setbol
tennis

set sail v
wypłynąć wypływać
to embark on a voyage by boat

set square n
ekierka
flat triangular piece of plastic or other material used in technical drawing

set the bar v
ustawiać poprzeczkę ustawić poprzeczkę

set the record straight v
prostować wyprostować wyprostowywać
to correct a previous error

set the scene v
naszkicować szkicować

set the table v
nakryć do stołu
arrange plates, dishes, etc. in preparation for a meal

set the world to rights v
naprawiać świat naprawić świat

set theoretically adv
w sposób używający teorii mnogości
in a manner which uses set theory
in the sense of set theory

set theory n
teoria mnogości
mathematical theory of sets

set up v
aranżować organizować urządzać urządzić zaaranżować zorganizować
to arrange for an outcome
przygotować przygotowywać
to ready something for use

set up camp v
rozbijać obóz rozbić obóz

set-top box n
dekoder
device that connects some source of signal to a television set

settee /sɛˈtiː/ n
sofa
long seat

setter /ˈset.ə/ /ˈsɛt.ə/ /ˈsɛt.ɚ/ [-ɾɚ] n
seter
breed of dog

setting /ˈsɛtɪŋ/ n
konfiguracja ustawienie
placement of a control

settle /ˈsɛtl̩/ /ˈsɛtəl/ v
osiadać osiąść usadawiać się usadowić się
to fix one's dwelling
usadawiać usadowić
to place in a fixed or permanent condition

settle down v
uspakajać się uspokajać się uspokoić się
to become quiet
ustatkować ustatkowywać
to establish a settled lifestyle
zadomawiać się zadomowić się
to get comfortable with new circumstances

settle for v
obywać się obyć się ograniczać się do ograniczyć się do poprzestawać poprzestać
to accept or allow something, especially something not entirely desirable

settlement /ˈsɛt.l̩.mənt/ n
osadnictwo
community of people living together; populated place
osadnictwo rozstrzygnięcie
the act of settling
osiadanie
(architecture) gradual sinking of a building
osiedle osada
newly established colony
porozumienie ugoda
the state of being settled
rozliczenie spłacenie uregulowanie
(finance) delivery and payment
rozstrzygnięcie
(law) resolution
zapisanie
(law) disposition of property
zasiedzenie
(law) settled place of abode

settlement agreement n
ugoda
agreement

settler /ˈsɛt.lə/ /ˈsɛt.lɚ/ /ˈsɛt.l̩.ə/ /ˈsɛt.l̩.ɚ/ n
osadnik osiedleniec
someone who settles in a new location

setup /ˈsɛtʌp/ n
instalator
computing: an installer

sevdalinka n
sevdah sevdalinka
genre of folk music

seven /ˈsɛvən/ [ˈsɛbm̩] n
siódemka
a card bearing seven pips
siódemka siedem
the figure seven

seven /ˈsɛvən/ [ˈsɛbm̩] numeral
siedem siedmioro
cardinal number 7

seven deadly sins n
siedem grzechów głównych
the seven cardinal sins

seven hundred /ˈsɛv.ən ˈhʌn.dɹəd/ /ˈsɛv.ən ˈhʌn.dɹɪd/ numeral
siedemset
cardinal number 700

seven o'clock n
siódma
the start of the eighth hour

seven seas n
siedem mórz
all of the Earths oceans

seven thousand numeral
siedem tysięcy
7,000

seven-league boots n
siedmiomilowe buty
boots enabling great stride

seventeen /ˈsɛv.ən.tiːn/ /ˌsɛv.ənˈtiːn/ numeral
siedemnaście siedemnaścioro
cardinal number

seventeenth /ˌsɛvənˈtiːnθ/ adj
siedemnasty
ordinal number

seventh /ˈsɛvnθ/ /ˈsɛvənθ/ adj
siódmy
ordinal form of the number seven

seventh /ˈsɛvnθ/ /ˈsɛvənθ/ n
septyma
musical interval

seventh art /ˌsɛvnθ ˈɑːt/ /ˌsɛvənθ ˈɑɹt/ n
filmoznawstwo
art of making motion pictures

seventh heaven n
siódme niebo
state of great joy and satisfaction

seventies n
lata 70. lata siedemdziesiąte
the decade of the 1970s

seventy /ˈsɛv.ən.di/ /ˈsɛv.ən.ti/ numeral
siedemdziesiąt
cardinal number

seventy-eight numeral
siedemdziesiąt osiem
78

seventy-first adj
siedemdziesiąty pierwszy
ordinal number 71st

seventy-five /ˌsɛv.ən.tiˈfaɪv/ numeral
siedemdziesiąt pięć
75

seventy-four numeral
siedemdziesiąt cztery
74

seventy-nine numeral
siedemdziesiąt dziewięć
79

seventy-one numeral
siedemdziesiąt jeden
71

seventy-second adj
siedemdziesiąty drugi
ordinal form of seventy-two

seventy-seven numeral
siedemdziesiąt siedem
77

seventy-six numeral
siedemdziesiąt sześć
76

seventy-three numeral
siedemdziesiąt trzy
73

seventy-two numeral
siedemdziesiąt dwa
72

seventysomething n
siedemdziesięciolatek siedemdziesięciolatka
a person between the ages of 70 and 79

severable adj
wypowiadalny
capable of being severed

several /ˈsɛv(ə)ɹəl/ determiner
kilka
consisting of a number more than two, but not very many

severe /-vɪɹ/ /sɪˈviːɹ/ /sɪˈvɪə/ /sɪˈvɪɹ/ adj
poważny
very bad or intense
srogi surowy
strict or harsh
surowy
austere

sevruga n
siewruga
Acipenser stellatus

sew /soʊ/ /səʉ/ /səʊ/ v
szyć
(transitive) use a needle
(intransitive) use a needle

sewage /ˈsu.ɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈsuː.ɪd͡ʒ/ n
ścieki
suspension of water and waste

sewer /ˈs(j)uːə/ /ˈsuɚ/ n
kanalizacja kanały ściekowe rynsztok ścieki
pipes used to remove human waste and to provide drainage

sewer /ˈsoʊɚ/ /ˈsəʊə/ n
szwacz szwaczka
person who sews clothing

sewer rat n
skurczybyk
a base and contemptible person
szczur kanałowy
any rat that lives in sewers

sewing machine n
maszyna do szycia
device

sex /sɛks/ n
płeć
reproductive/sexual/gender category (female or male)
seks stosunek płciowy bara-bara spółkowanie
act of sexual intercourse

sex /sɛks/ v
seksować
to determine the sex of

sex appeal n
atrakcyjność seksualna seksapil
sexual attractiveness

sex bomb n
seksbomba
someone highly sexy

sex drive n
popęd płciowy
tendency to engage in sexual activity

sex life /ˈsɛksˌlaɪf/ n
życie seksualne
part of a person's life that is directly concerned with sexual activity

sex object n
obiekt seksualny
person seen only as sexually attractive

sex offender n
przestępca seksualny przestępczyni seksualna
somebody who has committed a crime of a sexual nature

sex organ n
narząd płciowy
organ used in sexual reproduction

sex position n
pozycja seksualna
sex position

sex scene n
scena łóżkowa
segment in a movie in which characters have sex

sex shop n
sex shop
shop that sells sexual merchandise

sex worker n
pracownik seksualny sex worker pracownica seksualna sex workerka
person who supplies sexual services for money

sexagenarian /ˌsɛksəd͡ʒɪˈnɛəɹɪən/ /ˌsɛksəd͡ʒɪˈnɛɹiən/ adj
sześćdziesięcioletni
Of or related to people between 60 and 69 years of age

sexagesimal /ˌsɛk.sə.ˈdʒɛ.sɪ.məl/ adj
sześćdziesiątkowy
related to the number sixty

sexism /ˈsɛksɪzm̩/ n
seksizm
gender discrimination or dislike

sexist /ˈsɛksɪst/ adj
seksistowski
unfairly against one sex in favour of the other

sexist /ˈsɛksɪst/ n
seksista seksistka
a person who discriminates on grounds of sex

sexistly adv
seksistowsko
socialistically

sexless adj
bezpłciowy
not having sexual characteristics

sexology n
seksuologia
study of sex and sexuality

sextillion /sɛksˈtɪljən/ numeral
tryliard
a trillion billion, 1021

sexton /ˈsɛk.stən/ n
zakrystian
church official

sextuplication n
mnożenie przez sześć

sexual /ˈsɛksjuəl/ /ˈsɛkʃuəl/ adj
płciowy
of or relating to the sex of an organism
seksualny
of or relating to sexuality
seksualny płciowy
of or relating to having sex

sexual abuse n
wykorzystywanie seksualne
forcing of undesired sexual activity by one person on another

sexual harassment /ˌsɛkʃuəl həˈɹæsmənt/ /ˌsɛkʃuəl ˈhæɹəsmənt/ n
molestowanie seksualne napastowanie seksualne
sexual harassment

sexual intercourse n
stosunek płciowy
sexual interaction

sexual majority n
pełnoletniość
state of being an adult in sexual matters

sexual maturity n
dojrzałość płciowa

sexual minority n
mniejszość seksualna
those outside mainstream sexual expression

sexual orientation n
orientacja seksualna
sexual orientation

sexual predator n
seksualna drapieżnica seksualny drapieżnik
person seen as threatening for wanting sex

sexual relation n
stosunek płciowy
behaviour of a sexual nature

sexual reproduction n
rozmnażanie płciowe
process whereby a new organism created by combining the genetic material of two organisms

sexual selection n
dobór płciowy
type of natural selection

sexuality /sɛksjuˈælɪti/ /sɛkʃuˈæləti/ /sɛkʃuˈælɪti/ n
seksualność
that which is characterized or distinguished by sex
concern with or interest in sexual activity
sexual activity
sexual identity
sexual potency

sexually transmitted disease n
choroba przenoszona drogą płciową choroba weneryczna
disease contracted through sexual contact

shabbos goy /ˈʃɑbəs ˈɡɔɪ/ n
goj szabatowy szabes goj szabes-goj
gentile servant

shabrack /ʃəˈbɹæk/ n
czaprak
saddlecloth of a cavalry horse

shack /ʃæk/ n
barak buda chałupa
crude hut

shack up v
żyć na kocią łapę
to live together, especially when unmarried

shackle /ˈʃækəl/ n
kajdany
restraint fit over an appendage
szekla
a U-shaped piece of metal

shad /ʃæd/ n
aloza
fishes of the herring family

shadchen n
szadchan
(Jewish) marriage broker, matchmaker

shade /ʃeɪd/ n
cień
darkness where light is blocked
odcień
variety of color

shade /ʃeɪd/ v
cieniować
to darken or to lightly colour

shade horsetail n
skrzyp łąkowy
Equisetum pratense

shader /ˈʃeɪdɚ/ n
shader
computer graphics

shadoof n
żuraw
device used to gather water

shadow /ˈʃædoʊ/ /ˈʃædəʉ/ /ˈʃædəʊ/ n
cień
dark image projected onto a surface

shadow play n
teatr cieni
form of storytelling using opaque figures in front of an illuminated backdrop

shadowy /ˈʃæd.oʊ.i/ /ˈʃæd.əʊ.i/ adj
cienisty
of or pertaining to shadow

shady /ˈʃeɪdi/ adj
szemrany
not trustworthy; unfit to be seen or known

shaft /ʃæft/ /ʃɑːft/ n
szyb
long passage sunk into the earth
ventilation or heating conduit
vertical passage housing a lift

shag /ʃæɡ/ v
mieszać
to shake
pieprzyć się
to have sex with

shaggy /ˈʃæɡi/ adj
kosmaty kudłaty
with long, thick, and uncombed hair, fur, or wool

shah /ʃɑː/ n
szach
king of Persia

shahada /ʃɑˈhɑdə/ n
szahada
Islamic declaration of belief

shahanshah n
szachinszach
title of the rulers of ancient Persia: “king of kings”

shake /ˈʃeɪk/ n
gont szyndzioł
building material: thin shingle
shake
milkshake

shake /ˈʃeɪk/ v
podać sobie dłonie
intransitive: to shake hands
pozbyć się
transitive: to lose, evade
trząść potrząsnąć
transitive: to cause to move
wstrząsnąć
transitive: to disturb emotionally

shake like a leaf v
trząść się jak osika
to tremble

shake off v
otrząsać otrząsnąć
to remove by shaking

shake out v
wytrzepać wytrzepywać
to flap a piece of flexible material to remove dirt

shakedown n
barłóg legowisko leże siennik wyro
an improvised bed

shako /ˈʃeɪkoʊ/ /ˈʃeɪkəʊ/ /ˈʃɑkoʊ/ /ˈʃɑːkəʊ/ n
czako
military dress hat

shakshuka n
szakszuka
a dish of eggs simmered in a mixture of chopped tomatoes, chilies, cumin, peppers, and onions

shale gas n
gaz łupkowy
natural gas

shall /ʃ(ə)/ /ʃəl/ /ˈʃæl/ v
powinno się
indicating the simple future tense

shallot /ʃəˈlɑt/ /ʃəˈlɒt/ /ˈʃælət/ n
szalotka
vegetable in the onion family, A. ascalonium or A. oschaninii

shallow /ˈʃaləʊ/ /ˈʃæl.oʊ/ adj
miałki powierzchowny
concerned mainly with superficial matters
płytki
extending not far downward
płytki miałki niegłęboki
having little depth and significantly less deep than wide

shallow /ˈʃaləʊ/ /ˈʃæl.oʊ/ n
mielizna płytki
shallow portion of an otherwise deep body of water

shallowly adv
płytko
in a shallow manner

shalom /ʃɑːˈloʊm/ /ʃəˈləʊm/ interjection
szalom
transliteration of the Jewish greeting or farewell

shalwar /ˈʃʌlvɑɹ/ n
szarawary
garment

sham /ʃæm/ adj
udawany
intended to deceive

shaman /ʃəˈmɑːn/ /ˈʃeɪmən/ /ˈʃæmən/ /ˈʃɑːmən/ n
szaman szamanka wołchw
spiritual or religious medium between the concrete and spirit worlds

shamanism /ˈʃeɪmənɪzəm/ /ˈʃɑːmənɪzəm/ n
szamanizm
range of traditional beliefs

shame /ʃeɪm/ n
wstyd hańba sromota
uncomfortable or painful feeling

shame /ʃeɪm/ v
zawstydzać
to cause to feel shame

shame on you interjection
jak ci nie wstyd
expression of disapproval

shameful /ˈʃeɪmfəl/ adj
haniebny
causing or meriting shame or disgrace

shamefully /ˈʃeɪmfəli/ adv
haniebnie
in a shameful manner

shameless adj
bezwstydny bezpruderyjny
having no shame

shamelessly adv
arogancko bezczelnie bezpruderyjnie bezwstydnie impertynencko zuchwale
in a shameless manner

shamelessness n
bezpruderyjność bezwstyd bezwstydność
The state or characteristic of being without shame

shampoo /ʃamˈpuː/ /ʃæmˈpuː/ n
szampon
product for washing the hair or other fibres

shamrock /ˈʃæm.ɹɑk/ /ˈʃæm.ɹɒk/ n
koniczyna dzięcielina
trefoil leaf of any clover

shank /ʃæŋk/ n
goleń
lower part of the leg

shanks' mare n
piechota
walking

shanks' pony n
piechota
idiomatic references to walking

shanti /ʃɑnti/ /ʃɑːnti/ /ˈʃaːnt̪i/ [-ɾi] n
śanti
peace, tranquility

shanty /ˈʃænti/ n
barak buda chałupa rudera
An old run-down house or shack
szanta
a sailor's work song

shape /ʃeɪp/ n
forma kondycja
condition of personal health, especially muscular health
forma kształt
appearance or outline
kształt
status or condition

shape /ʃeɪp/ v
kształtować ukształtować
to give something a shape

shaped /ʃeɪpt/ adj
-kształtny -owaty
having a particular shape
ukształtowany
having been given a shape

shapeless adj
bezkształtny bezpostaciowy
without a shape

shapelessly adv
bezkształtnie
in an amorphous manner

shapelessness n
bezkształt bezkształtność magmowatość
property of being shapeless

shapely adj
kształtny zgrabny
having a pleasing shape

shaper /ˈʃeɪpə(ɹ)/ n
strugarka
A machine tool

shapeshifter /ˈʃeɪp.ʃɪf.tɚ/ /ˈʃeɪpʃɪftə/ n
zmiennokształtny
creature capable of changing its appearance

sharashka n
szaraga szaraszka
a Soviet gulag R&D lab

shard /ʃaːd/ /ʃɑɹd/ /ʃɑːd/ n
odłamek skorupa
piece of glass or pottery

share /ʃɛə/ /ʃɛɚ/ n
akcja
financial instrument
część
portion of something

share /ʃɛə/ /ʃɛɚ/ v
dzielić
to have in common
dzielić się
to give
to tell to another
udostępniać
to divide and distribute

share capital n
kapitał akcyjny
part of a company's capital

share taxi n
taksówka zbiorowa
a vehicle for hire, taking passengers on a fixed or semi-fixed route without timetables

sharecropper n
połownik
a farmer paying rent with crops to the landowner

sharecropping n
połownictwo
system

shared /ʃeːd/ /ʃɛɹd/ /ʃɛːd/ adj
wspólny dzielony współdzielony
used by multiple agents

shareholder /ˈʃɛəˌhəʊl.də(ɹ)/ /ˈʃɛ˞ˌhoʊl.dɚ/ n
akcjonariusz akcjonariuszka udziałowiec
one who owns shares of stock

shareholders' meeting n
zebranie udziałowców
meeing of shareholders

shareholding n
akcjonariat
owning of shares

shari'a n
szariat
Islamic religious law

shark /ʃɑɹk/ /ʃɑːk/ n
rekin
fish
relentless and resolute person

sharp /ʃɑɹp/ /ʃɑːp/ adj
ostry
able to cut easily
pointed, able to pierce easily
having an intense, acrid flavour
forming a small angle

sharp tongue n
cięty język
speaking in a harsh manner

sharp-tailed sandpiper n
biegus ostrosterny pilrito-acuminado
Calidris acuminata

sharpen /ˈʃɑɹpən/ /ˈʃɑːpən/ v
ostrzyć
to make sharp

sharpener /ˈʃɑː(ɹ)pənə(ɹ)/ n
temperówka strugaczka
device for making things sharp

sharpish adj
cierpkawy ostrawy
not very sharp but not blunt

sharpshooter n
strzelec wyborowy
marksman

shashlik n
szaszłyk
skewered dish

shave /ʃeɪv/ n
golenie
an instance of shaving

shave /ʃeɪv/ v
golić się ogolić się
to remove hair from one's face
golić ogolić podgolić
to remove hair from

shaven /ˈʃeɪvən/ adj
golony ogolony podgolony zgolony
having been shaved

shaver /ˈʃeɪvə/ /ˈʃeɪvɚ/ n
golarka
electric razor

shaving brush n
pędzel do golenia
brush for applying shaving cream

shaving cream n
krem do golenia
a cream whipped into a lather with a shaving brush to provide lubrication and avoid razor burn during shaving
pianka do golenia
a substance that is applied to the face to provide lubrication and avoid razor burn during shaving

shaving gel n
żel do golenia
a shaving product usually supplied in an aerosol can

shaving soap n
mydło do golenia
soap used with a shaving brush to create lather for shaving

shawarma /ʃəˈwɑɹmə/ n
szawarma szoarma
Middle Eastern sandwich-like wrap

shawl /ʃɑl/ /ʃɔl/ /ʃɔːl/ n
szal
a square piece of cloth worn as a covering for the head, neck, and shoulders

shawm /ʃɔːm/ n
szałamaja
wind instrument

shchi n
szczi kapuśniak
a type of Russian soup

she /ʃi/ /ʃiː/ pronoun
ona
person

she's unconscious phraseologicalUnit
ona jest nieprzytomna
she's unconscious

she-ass n
oślica
female ass, female donkey, jenny

she-bear n
niedźwiedzica
a female bear

she-cat n
kocica
female cat

she-devil n
diablica
female devil
diablica jędza sekutnica złośnica
bad-tempered woman

she-goat /ˈʃi.ɡoʊt/ /ˈʃiː.ɡəʊt/ n
koza
female goat

she-wolf n
wilczyca wadera basiora
female wolf

sheaf /ʃiːf/ n
snop
bundle of grain or straw
mathematical construct

shear /ʃɛə/ /ʃɪə(ɹ)/ /ʃɪɹ/ n
ścinanie
the act of shearing, or something removed by shearing

shear /ʃɛə/ /ʃɪə(ɹ)/ /ʃɪɹ/ v
ciąć ścinać
to cut
strzyc
to remove the fleece from a sheep
ścinać
to deform because of shearing forces

shears /ʃɪə(ɹ)z/ /ʃɪɹz/ n
nożyce
tool consisting of two blades with bevel edges

shearwater n
burzyk
seabird

sheatfish n
sum
fish of the genus Silurus

sheath /ʃiːθ/ /ʃiθ/ n
puzdro
foreskin of certain animals

shed /ʃɛd/ n
szopa
temporary structure to shelter something

shed a tear /ˈʃɛdəˈtɪə/ v
uronić łzę
to cry

shed blood v
przelewać krew

shed light on v
objaśnić oświecić rzucać światło rzucić światło
to illuminate

sheep /ʃip/ /ʃiːp/ n
owca
animal
trusia owca
one who behaves shyly

sheep milk n
mleko owcze
liquid

sheepback n
baraniec muton
rock formation

sheepcote n
owczarnia
small building for sheltering sheep

sheepdog n
owczarek
dog used for herding sheep

sheepfold /ˈʃiːpfəʊld/ n
owczarnia
enclosure

sheepishly /ˈʃiː.pɪʃ.li/ adv
z zakłopotaniem
in a sheepish way

sheeple /ˈʃiːpəl/ n
leming
the sheeple, one of the sheeple

sheepskin n
baran baranica
skin of a sheep

sheer /ʃɪɹ/ /ˈʃɪə/ adj
przezroczysty
very thin or transparent
urwisty
straight up and down; vertical; perpendicular

sheet /ʃit/ /ʃiːt/ n
arkusz
thin, flat layer of solid material
arkusz kartka
sheet of paper

sheet metal n
blacha
Metal worked into a thin, flat sheet

sheet music n
partytura
hand-written or printed form of musical notation

sheet protector n
koszulka
clear plastic sleeve for documents

sheik /ʃeɪk/ /ʃik/ n
szejk
leader of an Arab village, family or small tribe

sheikdom /ˈʃeɪkdəm/ /ˈʃiːkdəm/ n
szejkanat

shekel /ˈʃɛkəl/ n
sykl szekel
ancient unit of weight
szekel
currency unit in Israel

shelf /ʃɛlf/ n
półka regał
structure

shelf life n
trwałość
the length of time a product will last without deteriorating

shell /ʃɛl/ n
pancerz
entomology: exoskeleton of certain insects
plewa
husks of cacao seeds
pocisk
hollow usually spherical or cylindrical projectile fired from a mortar or a cannon
powłoka
computing: general-purpose environment
powłoka walencyjna
chemistry: set of atomic orbitals that have the same principal quantum number
skorupa
conjoined scutes that comprise the "shell" of a tortoise or turtle
hard calcareous or chitinous external covering of many invertebrates
skorupka
hard covering of an egg
spółka wydmuszka
business: legal entity that has no operations
strączek strąk
pod
łupina
covering of a nut
łuska
casing of an artillery projectile

shell company n
spółka wydmuszka
company without activity created for tax purposes

shell ginger n
alpinia
Alpinia zerumbet

shell out v
bulić
pay money

shellac /ʃəˈlæk/ n
szelak gumilaka
processed secretion of the lac insect

shellfish /ˈʃɛl.fɪʃ/ [ʃɛɫfɪʃ] n
skorupiak
aquatic food that has a shell

shellless adj
bezskorupowy

shelter /ˈʃɛltə/ /ˈʃɛltɚ/ n
schronienie przytułek schronisko
a refuge or other protection

sheltered workshop n
zakład pracy chronionej

sheltron /ˈʃɛltɹən/ n
schiltron
any compact body of troops forming a battle array or phalanx

shelve /ʃɛlv/ v
odkładać na półkę
to place on a shelf
to set aside, quit, or halt

shemale /ˈʃi.meɪl/ n
shemale
a male-to-female transsexual or transgender person

shenanigans /-ɡənz/ /ˌʃəˈnæ.nə.ɡɪnz/ /ˌʃɪˈnæn.ɪɡ.(ə)nz/ n
błazenada błazeństwo
mischievous play
machlojka
deceitful tricks

shepherd /ˈʃɛpəd/ /ˈʃɛpɚd/ n
pasterz owczarz baraniarz pastuch
a person who tends sheep

shepherd's purse n
tasznik
Capsella bursa-pastoris

shepherdess n
pasterka pastuszka
female shepherd

sherbet /ˈʃɜːbət/ /ˈʃɜːbɪt/ /ˈʃɝbət/ /ˈʃɝbɚt/ /ˈʃɝbɪt/ n
sorbet
frozen fruit juice

sheriff /ˈʃɛɹəf/ /ˈʃɛɹɪf/ n
szeryf
all meanings

sherry /ˈʃɛɹi/ n
sherry
fortified wine

shh /ʃ̩ː/ interjection
ciii sza
requesting silence

shibboleth /ˈʃɪbəlɛθ/ n
szybolet
a word, pronunciation, or custom, distinguishing members of a group, especially as a test

shield /ʃiːld/ n
osłona tarcza
anything that protects or defends
pole siłowe tarcza
sci fi: a field of energy that protects or defends
tarcza szczyt
armor

shield /ʃiːld/ v
ekranować zaekranować
electricity: to protect from the influence of
osłaniać
to protect, to defend

shield volcano n
wulkan tarczowy
type of volcano with shallow-sloping sides and a flattened dome

shieldmaiden n
tarczowniczka
Norse female virgin who had chosen to fight in battle

shift /ʃɪft/ n
przesunięcie
act of shifting
zmiana
change of workers

shift /ʃɪft/ v
przesuwać
to move from one place to another

shiitake /ʃiːˈtɑːkeɪ/ /ʃɪˈtɑkeɪ/ /ʃɪˈtɑki/ /ʃɪˈtɑːkeɪ/ n
shiitake twardnik japoński twardziak jadalny twardziak japoński
Lentinula edodes, an edible mushroom

shiksa /ˈʃɪksə/ n
siksa sziksa
non-Jewish girl

shilajit n
mumio
tar-like substance used in traditional medicine

shill /ʃɪl/ n
słup
a person paid to endorse a product favourably

shilling /ˈʃɪlɪŋ/ n
szyling
currency
former coin

shin /ʃɪn/ n
goleń
front part of the leg below the knee

shin pad n
nagolennik
clothing

shinbone n
kość piszczelowa
inner bone of the hind limb below the knee

shindig /ˈʃɪn.dɪɡ/ n
biesiada
noisy party or festivity

shine /ʃaɪn/ /ʃaːɪn/ n
blask
brightness from a source of light
brightness from reflected light
excellence in quality or appearance

shine /ʃaɪn/ /ʃaːɪn/ v
błyskotać błyszczeć lśnić
to reflect light
błyszczeć
to distinguish oneself
świecić błyszczeć błyszczeć się
to emit light

shingle /ˈʃɪŋ.ɡəl/ n
gont szyndzioł
small, thin piece of building material

shingles /ˈʃɪŋɡəlz/ n
półpasiec
herpes zoster

shiny /ˈʃaɪ.ni/ adj
błyszczący
reflecting light

ship /ʃɪp/ n
statek okręt korab
large water craft

ship /ʃɪp/ v
shipować
to support fictional relationship

ship in a bottle /ˌʃɪp ɪn ə ˈbɑtəl/ /ˌʃɪp ɪn ə ˈbɒtl̩/ [-ɾəl] n
statek w butelce
ornament consisting of a model ship inside a glass bottle

ship of the desert n
okręt pustyni

ship of the line n
okręt liniowy
large square-rigged warship

ship's boat n
szalupa
utility boat carried by a larger vessel

shipbuilding n
okrętownictwo
construction of ships

shipment /ˈʃɪpmənt/ n
przesyłka transport
load of goods

shipowner n
armator
someone who owns a ship

shipwreck /ˈʃɪpɹɛk/ n
wrak
ship that has sunk or run aground so that it is no longer seaworthy

shipyard n
stocznia
place to build and repair ships

shire /ʃaɪ(ə)ɹ/ /ʃaɪə/ n
hrabstwo
administrative area or district subdivided into hundreds or wapentakes and jointly governed by an ealdorman and a sheriff; present-day area corresponding to such a historical district; administrative area or district in other countries
(Australia) outer suburban or rural local government area which elects its own council

shire town n
stolica hrabstwa

shirt /ʃəːɾʈ/ /ʃəːʈ/ /ʃɜːt/ /ʃɝt/ n
koszula
article of clothing

shish kebab /ˈʃɪʃkəbɑb/ /ˌʃɪʃkəˈbæb/ n
szaszłyk
roasted meat

shit /ʃɪt/ adj
gówniany
of poor quality

shit /ʃɪt/ interjection
dupa! kurwa!
expression of worry, failure

shit /ʃɪt/ n
gówno
nonsense, bullshit
not anything, nothing
nasty, despicable person
gówno kupa
rubbish
gówno łajno
solid excretory product
srać
vulgar: instance of defecation

shit /ʃɪt/ v
srać
to defecate
srać wysrać
vulgar: to excrete (something) through the anus

shit hot /ʃɪt hɑt/ adj
zajebisty
brilliant or exceptional

shit oneself v
obsrać się posrać się
vulgar slang: be very scared

shitfaced adj
nabzdryngolony najebany napierdolony
very drunk

shithead /ˈʃɪt.hɛd/ n
gówniara gówniarz
stupid or contemptible person

shithole /ˈʃɪt.hoʊl/ n
zadupie
dirty or unpleasant place

shithouse n
sracz

shitling n
gówniak
vulgarly about little child

shitload n
pierdyliard pierdylion w chuj w pizdu
vulgar slang: a large amount

shits /ʃɪts/ n
sraczka
vulgar slang for diarrhea

shitstorm n
burdel meksyk sajgon
violent situation.
chryja gównoburza
Considerable backlash.

shitting /ˈʃɪtɪŋ/ adj
cholerny zasrany
as an intensifier

shitty /ˈʃɪti/ [ˈʃɪɾi] adj
gówniany chujowy
of low quality or standard
gówniany chujowy zasrany
very bad, miserable
zasrany
covered in shit

shive /ʃaɪv/ n
paździerze
wood fragment of the husk of flax or hemp

shiver /ˈʃɪvə/ /ˈʃɪvɚ/ n
drżenie
the act or result of shivering

shiver /ˈʃɪvə/ /ˈʃɪvɚ/ v
drżeć
to tremble or shake

shock /ʃɑk/ /ʃɒk/ /ʃɔk/ n
porażenie
electric shock
szok
something surprising
wstrząs
life-threatening medical emergency
sudden, heavy impact

shock /ʃɑk/ /ʃɒk/ /ʃɔk/ v
szokować zaszokować
to cause to be emotionally shocked

shock absorber n
amortyzator
device to absorb shocks

shock absorption n
amortyzacja

shock wave n
fala uderzeniowa
A powerful compression wave

shocked /ʃɒkt/ adj
zaszokowany zszokowany
surprised, startled, confused

shocking /ˈʃɑkɪŋ/ /ˈʃɒkɪŋ/ adj
szokujący wstrząsający
inspiring shock; startling

shod /ʃɑd/ /ʃɒd/ adj
obuty podkuty
wearing shoes

shoddy /ʃɒdi/ adj
partacki kiepski lichy marny tandetny
of poor quality

shoe /ʃu/ /ʃuː/ n
but
protective covering for the foot
something resembling a shoe (e.g. brake shoe)

shoe /ʃu/ /ʃuː/ v
podkuwać podkuć
to put horseshoes on a horse

shoe insert n
wkładka do buta wkładka do butów

shoe polish n
pasta do butów pasta wiksa
product used to make shoes shine

shoe tree n
prawidło
device to preserve the shape of a shoe

shoebill /ˈʃu.bɪl/ n
trzewikodziób
wading bird

shoehorn /ˈʃuːˌhɔɹn/ /ˈʃuːˌhɔː(ɹ)n/ n
łyżka do butów
tool used to assist the foot

shoelace /ˈʃuːˌleɪs/ n
sznurowadło sznurówka
for fastening a shoe

shoemaker n
szewc szewczyni
a person who makes shoes

shoeshine n
glans
the shiny finish on shoes that have been polished
glansowanie
the act of polishing shoes

shoeshiner n
czyścibut pucybut
person who shines shoes

shofar /ˈʃaʊ̯fɔʁ/ /ˈʃoʊ̯fɑɹ/ /ˈʃoʊ̯fɚ/ /ˈʃɔɪ̯fɚ/ /ˈʃəɪ̯fɚ/ /ˈʃəʊ̯fə/ /ˈʃɛɪ̯fɚ/ n
szofar szałfer
ram’s-horn trumpet

shogi /ˈʃoʊɡiː/ n
siogi
variant of chess

shogun /ˈʃəʊɡʌn/ n
szogun siogun shogun
supreme generalissimo of feudal Japan

shogunate n
szogunat siogunat
shogunate, bakufu

shoo /ʃuː/ interjection
sio a kysz afe
go away

shoo /ʃuː/ v
pogonić
to induce someone to leave

shoot /ʃuːt/ interjection
kurcze! kurde!
expressing disdain

shoot /ʃuːt/ n
pęd
emerging stem and embryonic leaves of a new plant
sesja
photography session

shoot /ʃuːt/ v
postrzelić
to hit with a shot
strzelać
to fire multiple shots
strzelać strzelić
take a picture
strzelać wystrzelić
to fire a shot

shoot down v
zestrzeliwać zestrzelić
to cause to fall by shooting

shoot one's mouth off v
gadać, co ślina na język przyniesie
make reckless or exaggerated statements

shoot oneself in the foot v
grabić sobie strzelać sobie w stopę strzelić sobie w stopę
to act against one's own interest

shoot the breeze v
gadać
to chat idly or waste time talking

shoot the messenger v
strzelać do posłańca

shooter /ˈʃuːtə(ɹ)/ n
spluwa
firearm
strzelanka
game
strzelec
person

shooting /ˈʃuːtɪŋ/ n
strzelanie palba
instance of shooting

shooting range n
strzelnica
a facility designed for firearms practice

shooting star n
spadająca gwiazda
meteor

shootout /ˈʃuːtaʊt/ n
strzelanina
decisive battle

shop /ʃɑp/ /ʃɒp/ n
sklep skład
establishment that sells goods
warsztat
place for crafting or manufacturing

shop /ʃɑp/ /ʃɒp/ v
robić zakupy zrobić zakupy
to visit shops

shop assistant n
sprzedawca sprzedawczyni
shop employee

shop window n
wystawa okno witryna
large window at the front of a shop

shopaholic n
zakupoholik
common term applied to someone suffering from oniomania
one who shops very frequently

shopaholism n
zakupoholizm
addiction

shopkeeper /ˈʃɒpkiːpɚ/ n
sklepikarz
trader who sells goods in a shop

shopping /ˈʃɑpɪŋ/ /ˈʃɒpɪŋ/ n
shopping sprawunki zakupy
activity of buying
zakupy
things bought

shopping basket n
koszyk
(Internet) page on a shopping website where one's prospective purchases are listed before payment

shopping cart /ˈʃɑpɪŋ kɑɹt/ n
wózek sklepowy wózek
conveyance used to carry items while shopping

shopping centre n
centrum handlowe
large retail outlet

shopping list n
lista zakupów
list of items that need to be bought

shopping spree n
szał zakupowy szał zakupów
period of shopping

shopska salad n
sałatka szopska

shore /ʃo(ː)ɹ/ /ʃoə/ /ʃɔɹ/ /ʃɔː/ n
brzeg
land adjoining a large body of water

shore up /ˈʃɔɹ‿ʌp/ /ˈʃɔːɹ‿ʌp/ v
podeprzeć podpierać wspierać podtrzymać podtrzymywać wesprzeć
to reinforce or strengthen (something at risk of failure)

shorebird n
ptak znad wybrzeża
long-legged bird

shoreless adj
bezbrzeżny

shorelessly adv
bezbrzeżnie bezgranicznie

short /ʃoɹt/ /ʃoːt/ /ʃɔːt/ /ʃɔːɹt/ /ˈʃoːrt/ /ˈʃoːɻt/ /ˈʃɒːɹt/ [ʃɑɹt] adj
krótki
having a small distance between ends or edges
having little duration
niski krótki
of a person, of comparatively small height

short circuit n
zwarcie spięcie
unintentional connection

short circuit v
spiąć zewrzeć
cause a short circuit

short film n
film krótkometrażowy
motion picture

short message service n
SMS

short of phraseologicalUnit
brakować
insufficiently equipped with

short reckonings make long friends proverb
oddaj pożyczone pieniądze jak najszybciej

short story n
opowiadanie opowiadanko opowiastka powiastka
work of fiction

short-billed dowitcher n
szlamiec krótkodzioby
Limnodromus griseus

short-eared owl n
błotnica uszatka błotna
owl

short-legged adj
krótkonogi
having short legs

short-tailed hawk n
myszołów krótkoogonowy
Buteo brachyurus

short-term adj
krótkoterminowy
of the near or immediate future

short-term memory n
pamięć krótkotrwała

short-termism n
krótkoterminowość
concentration on immediate profit

short-toed snake eagle n
gadożer
Circaetus gallicus

short-toed treecreeper n
pełzacz ogrodowy
Certhia brachydactyla

shortcoming /ˈʃoːtˌkʌmɪŋ/ /ˈʃɔɹtˌkʌmɪŋ/ /ˈʃɔːtˌkʌmɪŋ/ [ˈʃɑɹtˌkʌmɪŋ] n
niedociągnięcie uchybienie
deficiency

shortcut /ˈʃoɹtˌkʌt/ /ˈʃoːt.kat/ /ˈʃɔːtkʌt/ [ˈʃoːʔ.kat] [ˈʃoːʔ.kaʔ] n
skrót
path
a file that points to the location of another file and serves as a quick way to access it

shorten /ˈʃɔɹtən/ /ˈʃɔːtən/ v
skracać skrócić
to make shorter

shortfall n
brak niedobór niedostatek
amount missed
zadyszka
instance of not meeting a quota or of having an insufficient amount

shorthaired adj
krótkowłosy
having short hair

shortish adj
krótkawy przykrótki
somewhat short

shortly /ʃɔːɹtli/ adv
wkrótce
in a short or brief time or manner

shortness of breath n
duszność
dyspnea

shorts /ʃɔː(ɹ)ts/ n
szorty
pants worn primarily in the summer that do not go lower than the knees

shorty /ˈʃoɹ.ti/ /ˈʃɔː.ti/ pronoun
knypek kurdupel
a short person

shot /ʃɑt/ /ʃɒt/ n
kręcenie
photography: single unbroken sequence of photographic exposures
kula
heavy iron ball used for the shot put
strzał
result of launching a projectile
launching of a ball or similar object toward a goal
zastrzyk
vaccination or injection
śrut
small metal balls used as ammunition

shot put n
pchnięcie kulą
athletics event

shot-putter n
kulomiot kulomiotka
athlete

shotgun /ˈʃɑtɡʌn/ /ˈʃɒtɡʌn/ n
strzelba
gun

should /ʃuːld/ /ʃəd/ /ʃʊd/ /ʃʊld/ v
powinien powinna powinno
expressing obligation
powinno
expressing likelihood

shoulder /ˈʃoʊɫdɚ/ /ˈʃəʊɫdə/ n
bark ramię
joint between arm and torso
pobocze
a verge to the side of a road

shoulder blade n
łopatka
bone

shoulder-to-shoulder adv
ramię w ramię
whilst closely cooperating

shoulders /ˈʃoʊldɚz/ /ˈʃəʊldəz/ n
brać na barki dźwigać na barkach składać na barki spadać na barki spaść na barki spoczywać na barkach
capacity for bearing a task or blame

shout /ʃaʊt/ /ʃʌʊt/ n
krzyk
a loud burst of voice

shout /ʃaʊt/ /ʃʌʊt/ v
krzyczeć
to utter a sudden and loud outcry
to treat with shouts or clamor
to utter with a shout

shout from the rooftops v
rozgłaszać na cały świat rozgłosić na cały świat
proclaim

shout out n
pozdrowienie
act of giving such an acknowledgement

shout out v
pozdrawiać pozdrowić
to publicly greet or acknowledge a person, group, or organization

shove /ʃʌv/ v
popchnąć
push roughly

shove it up your ass v
chuj ci w dupę wsadź to sobie w dupę
exclamation of contempt (vulgar)

shovel /ˈʃʌv(ə)l/ /ˈʃʌvl̩/ n
łopata
tool for moving portions of material

show /ʃoʊ/ /ʃəʊ/ n
pokaz wystawa
entertainment
show
exhibition

show /ʃoʊ/ /ʃəʊ/ v
pokazywać
to indicate (a fact) to be true
pokazywać pokazać
to display

show of force n
pokaz siły

show of hands n
głosowanie przez podniesienie ręki
vote by raising a hand

show off v
paradować popisywać się produkować się
to exhibit, to demonstrate something for the purpose of bragging

show one's true colors v
pokazać prawdziwą twarz pokazywać prawdziwą twarz
to reveal how one really is

show someone the door v
pokazać drzwi wypraszać wyprosić
to escort someone to the exit of the premises; to expel someone from a room, gathering

show the cloven foot v
pokazać swoje prawdziwe oblicze pokazywać swoje prawdziwe oblicze
to reveal a devilish character or an evil purpose, despite attempts to disguise it

show trial n
proces pokazowy
trial held for appearance's sake

show up v
pojawiać się pojawić się zjawiać się zjawić się
to appear

showbusiness /ˈʃoʊˌbɪznɪs/ n
show-biznes
entertainment industry

showcase /ˈʃoʊˌkeɪs/ /ˈʃəʊˌkeɪs/ n
gablota
a case for displaying merchandise or valuable items
witryna
a setting for displaying something favorably

shower /ˈʃaʊ.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈʃaʊ.ɚ/ n
deszcz kapuśniak
brief fall of rain
prysznic
instance of using of this device
prysznic natrysk
device for bathing

shower /ˈʃaʊ.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈʃaʊ.ɚ/ v
brać prysznic wziąć prysznic
to bathe using a shower

shower curtain n
zasłona prysznicowa
waterproof curtain

shower gel n
żel pod prysznic
gel shower soap

showy /ˈʃoʊ.i/ /ˈʃəʊ.i/ adj
na pokaz
for show

shrapnel /ˈʃɹæpnəl/ n
szrapnel
artillery shell
fragments and debris thrown out by an exploding device

shred /ʃɹɛd/ n
kawałek
fragment of something; very small amount
strzęp
a long, narrow piece cut or torn off

shred /ʃɹɛd/ v
drzeć podrzeć
to cut or tear (something) into long, narrow pieces or strips

shredder /ʃɹɛdə(ɹ)/ n
niszczarka
machine

shrew /ʃɹuː/ n
hetera sekutnica zołza
woman
ryjówka
mouselike animal

shrewd /ʃɹuːd/ adj
chytry cwany
artful, tricky or cunning

shrewdly adv
chytrze
in a shrewd manner

shriek /ʃɹiːk/ n
krzyk
a sharp, shrill outcry or scream

shriek /ʃɹiːk/ v
krzyczeć krzyknąć
to utter a loud, sharp, shrill sound or cry

shrike /ʃɹaɪk/ n
dzierzba srokosz
Any of various passerine birds of the family Laniidae

shrimp /ʃɹɪmp/ n
krewetka
decapod crustacean
flesh of the crustacean
kurdupel
small person

shrine /ʃɹaɪ̯n/ n
świątynia miejsce kultu
a holy place dedicated to a specific figure of respect

shrink /ˈʃɹɪŋk/ v
kurczyć się
intransitive: to contract, to become smaller

shrinking violet /-lɪt/ /ˈʃɹɪŋkɪŋ ˈvaɪlət/ /ˈʃɹɪŋkɪŋ ˈvaɪələt/ n
trusia
very shy person

shrive /ˈʃɹaɪv/ v
spowiadać wyspowiadać
hear or receive a confession

shroud /ʃɹaʊd/ n
całun
dress for the dead
wanta
mast support

shrub /ʃɹʌb/ n
krzew krzak kierzek
woody plant

shrug /ʃɹʌɡ/ n
wzruszenie ramionami
gesture

shrug /ʃɹʌɡ/ v
wzruszać ramionami wzruszyć ramionami
to raise the shoulders to express uncertainty, lack of concern, etc.

shtetl /ˈʃtɛt(ə)l/ n
sztetl
a Jewish village or small town

shudder /ˈʃʌd.ə/ /ˈʃʌd.ɚ/ [ˈʃʌɾ.ɚ] v
wzdrygać się wzdrygnąć się
to shake nervously, as if from fear

shuffle /ˈʃʌfəl/ v
powłóczyć
to walk without picking up one's feet
tasować
to put in a random order

shun /ʃʌn/ v
stronić unikać
to avoid, ostracize

shunt /ʃənt/ /ʃʌnt/ n
bocznik
electric connection
przetoka
surgical bypass

shunt /ʃənt/ /ʃʌnt/ v
bocznikować
to divert electric current

shut /ʃɛt/ /ʃʌt/ v
zamykać zamknąć
(transitive) to close

shut down v
wyłączyć
to turn off or stop

shut up /ʃʌt ˈʌp/ [ʃʌt̚ ˈʌp] [ʃʌʔ ˈʌp] [ʃʌˈɾʌp] interjection
co ty gadasz nie gadaj!
"I don't believe it!"
morda w kubeł stul dziób stul pysk zamknij dupę zamknij mordę zamknij ryj
"Stop talking."

shut up /ʃʌt ˈʌp/ [ʃʌt̚ ˈʌp] [ʃʌʔ ˈʌp] [ʃʌˈɾʌp] v
zamknąć
close (a building) so that no one can enter
enclose (a person, animal or thing) in a room or other place so that it cannot leave
put (an object) in a secure enclosed place
terminate (a business)
transitive: to stop (a person) from talking or (a person or thing) from making noise
zamknąć się
intransitive: to stop talking or making noise

shutter /ˈʃʌt.ə/ /ˈʃʌɾ.ɚ/ n
migawka
part of a camera
okiennica
protective panels over windows

shuttle /ˈʃʌtəl/ n
czółenko
weaving tool
the sliding thread holder in a sewing machine
transport service

shuttle bus n
autobus wahadłowy
transport service

shuttlecock /ˈʃʌtl̩kɑk/ /ˈʃʌtl̩kɒk/ n
lotka
a lightweight object that is conical in shape with a cork or rubber-covered nose, used in badminton the way a ball is used in other racquet games

shuttleless adj
bezczółenkowy

shy /ʃaɪ/ adj
nieśmiały
cautious
nieśmiały bojaźliwy płochliwy strachliwy
easily frightened
nieśmiały wstydliwy
reserved

shy away from v
stronić
avoid out of fear or caution

shyness /ˈʃaɪnəs/ n
nieśmiałość
quality of being shy

si /siː/ n
si
seventh note of a major scale

siamang n
siamang
Symphalangus syndactylus

siblicide /ˈsɪblɪsaɪd/ n
kainizm
killing of a sibling, especially as observed among certain species of animals

sibling /ˈsɪblɪŋ/ n
rodzeństwo
person who shares same parents

sic /sɪk/ v
napuszczać napuścić poszczuć szczuć
incite an attack by

sice /ˈsaɪs/ n
syz zys
number six in a game of dice

sich /siːt͡ʃ/ n
Sicz
administrative and military centre for Cossacks

sick /sɪk/ n
wymiociny
vomit

sick as a dog adj
bardzo chory

sick bay n
ambulatorium
room where basic medical supplies are kept and medical attention can be sought

sick man of Europe pn
chory człowiek Europy
Ottoman Empire

sick note n
zwolnienie lekarskie
note from a doctor certifying a worker's or a student's sickness

sick pay n
zasiłek chorobowy
money paid to an employee during his or her sick leave

sickbed /ˈsɪkbɛd/ n
łoże boleści
a bed used by a person who is sick

sickle /ˈsɪkl̩/ adj
sierpowaty
shaped like the blade of a sickle

sickle /ˈsɪkl̩/ n
sierp
agricultural implement

sickle /ˈsɪkl̩/ v
żąć
to cut with a sickle

sickle-cell anemia n
anemia sierpowata niedokrwistość sierpowatokrwinkowa
disease characterized by sickle-shaped red blood cells

sickly /ˈsɪkli/ adj
chorowity
appearing ill
chorowity schorowany
frequently ill
wątły
weak, faint

sickly sweet adj
słitaśny
too sweet

sickness /ˈsɪknɪs/ n
choroba
the quality or state of being sick or diseased; illness; disease or malady

side /saɪd/ /səɪd/ adj
boczny
lateral

side /saɪd/ /səɪd/ n
strona bok
left or right half
bounding straight edge of an object
flat surface of an object
surface of a sheet of paper

side by side adv
obok siebie
literally

side cap n
furażerka pierożek
military cap

side dish n
dodatek
serving of food meant as an accompanying dish

side effect n
efekt uboczny
medicine: an adverse effect
computing: a state change caused by a function call
efekt uboczny skutek uboczny
unintended consequence of any action

side-striped jackal n
szakal pręgowany
side-striped jackal

sideband n
wstęga boczna
band of frequencies on each side of the frequency of a carrier wave

sideboard n
kredens
furniture

sideburns /ˈsaɪd.bɚnz/ /ˈsaɪd.bɜː(ɹ)nz/ n
bokobrody baki
facial hair reaching from the top of the head down the side of the face to the side of the chin

sidelock n
pejsy
sidelock

sidereal /saɪˈdɪə.ɹi.əl/ /saɪˈdɪɚ.i.əl/ /sɪˈdɪɚ.i.əl/ adj
gwiazdowy syderyczny
of or relating to the stars

sideroad n
bocznica

sidesplitting adj
zrywać boki ze śmiechu (lit. to split one's side from laughter)
exceptionally funny

sidewalk /ˈsaɪdwɑk/ /ˈsaɪdwɔk/ /ˈsaɪdwɔːk/ n
chodnik
paved footpath

sidewheeler n
bocznokołowiec

sidey adj
boczasty
exhibiting side

siding /ˈsaɪdɪŋ/ n
bocznica
side track

siege /sid͡ʒ/ /siːd͡ʒ/ n
oblężenie
military blockade of settlement

siege engine /ˈsid͡ʒ ˌɛnd͡ʒɪn/ /ˈsiːd͡ʒ ˌɛnd͡ʒɪn/ n
machina oblężnicza
large weapon of war used during ancient and medieval times to batter fortifications, settlements, etc.

siege mentality n
syndrom oblężonej twierdzy
collective feeling of victimization and defensiveness

siege tower n
wieża oblężnicza
tower used as siege weapon

siege warfare n
oblężenie
warfare involving a siege

siemens /ˈsiːmənz/ n
simens siemens
derived unit of electrical conductance

sienna /siˈɛn.ə/ n
sjena
clay
colour
pigment

siesta /siˈɛstə/ n
poobiednia drzemka
an afternoon nap

sieve /sɪv/ n
odcedzanie
process that filters out unwanted pieces of input
rzeszoto sito przetak sitko
device to separate larger objects from smaller ones or from liquids

sieve /sɪv/ v
przesiać cedzić odcedzać odcedzić przesiewać
to strain, sift or sort using a sieve

sieve of Eratosthenes pn
sito Eratostenesa
ancient algorithm

sievert /ˈsiː.vət/ /ˈsiː.vɚt/ n
siwert
SI unit of radiation dose

sift /sɪft/ v
odsiać odsiewać przesiać przesiewać
to separate or scatter (things) as if by sieving
przesiać przesiewać arfować przearfować
to sieve or strain (something)

sifter /ˈsɪftɚ/ n
sito arfa przesiewacz
tool for sifting

sigh /saɪ/ interjection
ech
expression of fatigue, exhaustion, grief, sorrow, frustration or the like

sigh /saɪ/ n
westchnienie westchnięcie
act of sighing

sigh /saɪ/ v
lamentować
to lament; to grieve
westchnąć wzdychać
to utter sighs over; to lament or mourn over
wzdychać westchnąć
to inhale a larger quantity of air than usual, and immediately expel it

sight /saɪt/ n
atrakcja turystyczna
something worth seeing
celownik
device used in aiming a firearm
widok
something seen

sight /saɪt/ v
celować
take aim at
dojrzeć zobaczyć
see, get sight of, visually register

sight for sore eyes n
mile widziany
a pleasing sight

sight translation n
tłumaczenie wzrokowe
act of translating a written text out loud

sight unseen adj
bez oglądania w ciemno
not seen beforehand

sight-translate v
przetłumaczyć na głos tłumaczyć na głos
translate a written document out loud

sighthound n
chart

sightsee v
zwiedzać
go sightseeing

sightworthy adj
wart zwiedzenia

sigil /ˈsɪd͡ʒəl/ /ˈsɪd͡ʒɪl/ n
sigil
magical sign
seal, signature or signet

sigma /ˈsɪɡmə/ n
sigma
letter of the Greek alphabet

sigmatic adj
sygmatyczny
linguistics

sigmoid colon n
esica
part of colon

sign /saɪn/ n
znak
a mark or another symbol used to represent something
any of several specialized non-alphabetic symbols
math: positive or negative polarity
omen
linguistic unit in sign language
znak gest
meaningful gesture
znak oznaka sygnał
a fact that shows that something exists or may happen
znak szyld
flat object bearing a message

sign /saɪn/ v
migać
intransitive: to communicate using sign language
podpisywać podpisać
to make (a document) official by writing one's signature

sign language n
język migowy
sign language

sign of life n
znak życia
indication that someone is alive; vital sign
indication that someone is present

sign of the cross n
znak krzyża
gesture

sign of the times n
znak czasów
symbol of an era

sign one's death warrant v
skazać się skazywać się
doom one to certain death

sign over v
przepisać przepisywać
to transfer

signal /ˈsɪɡnəl/ n
sygnał
device to give indication
sign made to give notice

signal-to-noise ratio n
stosunek sygnału do szumu
figure of merit

signalization n
sygnalizacja

signalling n
sygnalizacja

signatory /ˈsɪɡ.nə.tɔː.ɹi/ /ˈsɪɡ.nə.tɹi/ n
sygnatariusz
one who signs or signed

signature /ˈsɪɡnət͡ʃə(ɹ)/ /ˈsɪɡnət͡ʃɚ/ /ˈsɪɡnɪt͡ʃə(ɹ)/ /ˈsɪɡnɪt͡ʃɚ/ n
podpis
person’s autograph name
podpisywanie
act of signing
sygnatura
computing: pattern used for matching identity
cryptography: data attached to a message that guarantees that the message originated from its claimed source

signboard n
szyld
a board carrying a sign

signed /saɪnd/ adj
podpisany
having a signature, endorsed
ze znakiem
(mathematics, computer science) having both positive and negative varieties

signet /ˈsɪɡ.nɪt/ n
sygnet
object used to impress a picture into sealing wax

signet ring n
sygnet
signet ring

significance level n
poziom istotności

significant /sɪɡˈnɪf.ə.kənt/ /sɪɡˈnɪf.ə.ɡənt/ /sɪɡˈnɪf.ɪ.kənt/ adj
znaczny znaczący
having noticeable effect

significant other n
sympatia
romantic partner, regardless of marital status

significantly /sɪɡˈnɪfɪkəntli/ adv
znacznie znacząco
in a significant manner: notably

signify /ˈsɪɡnɪfaɪ/ v
znaczyć oznaczać
to mean, to betoken

signpost n
drogowskaz kierunkowskaz
post bearing a sign that gives information on directions

sika /ˈsiːkə/ n
jeleń wschodni sika
deer

silage /ˈsaɪlɪd͡ʒ/ n
kiszonka kwaszonka
fodder stored in a silo

silence /ˈsaɪl(ə)ns/ /ˈsaɪləns/ n
cisza milczenie
lack of any sound

silence /ˈsaɪl(ə)ns/ /ˈsaɪləns/ v
uciszać uciszyć
to suppress criticism
uciszyć
to make something silent

silence is consent proverb
milczenie oznacza zgodę
a lack of response to an action is a tacit approval of that action

silence is golden proverb
milczenie jest złotem
proverb

silencer n
tłumik
attachment

silent /ˈsaɪlənt/ adj
bezdźwięczny
in silent mode, on silent, with the sound turned off
not pronounced; having no sound; quiescent
cichy bezszelestny
free from sound or noise; absolutely still; perfectly quiet

silent as the grave adj
milczeć jak grób milczeć jak głaz milczeć jak kamień milczeć jak zaklęty milczeć jak zamurowany siedzieć jak mumia
to say absolutely nothing

silent film n
film niemy
film without sound

silent mode n
tryb cichy

silent treatment n
ciche dni
ignoring a particular individual

silently /ˈsaɪləntli/ adv
bezdźwięcznie bezgłośnie bezszelestnie bezszmerowo cicho
in a silent manner; making no noise

silhouette /ˌsɪ.luːˈwɛt/ /ˌsɪ.ləˈwɛt/ /ˌsɪ.lʊˈwɛt/ n
sylwetka kontur zarys
representation of the outlines of an object filled in with a black color

silica gel n
silikażel
granular form of silica

silicate /ˈsɪlɪkeɪt/ /ˈsɪlɪkət/ /ˈsɪlɪkɪt/ n
krzemian
salt or mineral

silicle n
łuszczynka
A short silique

silicon /ˈsɪləkɑn/ /ˈsɪlɪkən/ n
krzem
non-metallic element

silicon dioxide n
ditlenek krzemu
SiO₂

silicone /ˈsɪlɪkəʊn/ n
silikon sylikon
any of a class of inert compounds of silicon

silicosis n
krzemica pylica krzemowa silikoza sylikoza
silica dust pneumoconiosis

silique /ˈsɪlɪk/ n
łuszczyna łuszczynka
fruit with two carpels

silk /sɪlk/ n
jedwab
fabric
fiber

silken /ˈsɪlkən/ adj
jedwabisty
having a texture like silk
jedwabny
made of silk

silkworm /ˈsɪlkwɜːm/ n
jedwabnik morwowy jedwabnik
caterpillar

silky /ˈsɪlki/ adj
jedwabny
similar in texture or appearance to silk

sill /sɪl/ n
parapet podokiennik
base of a window
podwalina
horizontal member bearing the upright portion of a frame
sill
layer of igneous rock

silly /ˈsɪli/ adj
głupi
foolish, showing a lack of good sense and wisdom

silly season /ˈsɪli ˈsizən/ n
sezon ogórkowy
period when news media tend to place increased emphasis on reporting bizarre stories

silt /sɪlt/ n
muł ił
fine earth deposited by water

silumin n
alpaks silumin

silver /ˈsɪl.və/ /ˈsɪl.vɚ/ adj
srebrny
having a color/colour like silver
made from silver

silver /ˈsɪl.və/ /ˈsɪl.vɚ/ n
srebro
metal
color/colour
coins

silver age n
srebrny wiek
historical period

silver anniversary n
srebrne gody srebrne wesele
25th anniversary

silver carp n
tołpyga tołpyga biała
Hypophthalmichthys molitrix

silver goal n
srebrny gol
first goal scored during the first half of extra time

silver lining n
światełko w tunelu
a good aspect of a mostly bad event

silver nitrate n
azotan srebra kamień piekielny lapis
silver salt of nitric acid, AgNO₃

silver screen n
duży ekran srebrny ekran wielki ekran
by extension, movies
srebrny ekran
cinema screen

silver sulfide n
siarczek srebra
Ag₂S

silver-plate v
posrebrzać
to coat a metal surface with a thin layer of silver

silver-plated adj
posrebrzany
having a thin coat of silver

silver-tongued adj
złotousty
eloquent and articulate

silverback n
srebrnogrzbiety samiec
mature male gorilla

silverfish n
rybik cukrowy
Lepisma saccharina

silverily adv
srebrnie srebrno srebrzysto srebrzyście
In a silvery manner

silversmith n
złotnik
person who makes articles out of silver

silvery /ˈsɪlvəɹi/ /ˈsɪlvɹi/ adj
srebrzysty
clear and musical in tone
resembling silver

silvery gibbon n
gibon srebrzysty

silvery-cheeked antshrike n
mrowiec czarnolicy
Sakesphorus cristatus

silviculture n
gospodarka leśna leśnictwo
forestry

simian /ˈsɪm.i.ən/ adj
małpi
of or pertaining to apes
resembling an ape

simian /ˈsɪm.i.ən/ n
antropoid małpa człekokształtna
an ape or monkey

similar /ˈsɪmələ/ /ˈsɪməlɚ/ adj
podobny
having traits or characteristics in common; alike, comparable
of geometric figures, having the same shape

similarity /ˌsɪm.əˈlæɹ.ə.ti/ /ˌsɪm.əˈlɛɹ.ti/ /ˌsɪm.əˈlɛɹ.ə.ti/ /ˌsɪm.ɪˈlæɹ.ə.ti/ /ˌsɪm.ɪˈlæɹ.ɪ.ti/ [ˌsɪm.əˈlæɹ.ə.ɾi] n
podobieństwo
closeness of appearance

similarly /ˈsɪmələli/ /ˈsɪməlɚli/ adv
analogicznie podobnie
in a similar style or manner

simile /ˈsɪməli/ n
porównanie
figure of speech in which one thing is compared to another

simmer /ˈsɪmə/ /ˈsɪmɚ/ v
gotować
(intransitive) to cook or undergo heating slowly
(transitive) to cause to cook or undergo heating slowly

simony /ˈsaɪ.mə.ni/ /ˈsɪ.mə.ni/ n
symonia świętokupstwo
act of buying or selling spiritual things

simoom /sɪˈmuːm/ n
samum
hot, dry wind

simple /ˈsɪmpl̩/ /ˈsɪmpəl/ adj
prostak
simple-minded
prosty łatwy lekki
uncomplicated

simple group n
grupa prosta
group having no normal subgroups other than the trivial group and itself

simple interest n
odsetki proste
interest paid on principal

simple sentence n
zdanie pojedyncze
sentence containing one independent clause and no dependent clause

simple-hearted adj
prostoduszny
sincere, ingenuous, guileless

simple-heartedness n
prostoduszność
State or quality of being simple-hearted

simple-minded adj
prostoduszny
Lacking subtlety or sophistication

simple-mindedness n
prostoduszność
Lacking subtlety or sophistication

simpleton /ˈsɪmpəltən/ n
głuptas naiwny prostak
simple-minded naive person lacking common sense

simplification /ˌsɪm.plə.fəˈkeɪ.ʃən/ /ˌsɪm.plə.fəˈkæɪ.ʃən/ /ˌsɪm.plɪ.fɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/ n
uproszczenie
act of simplifying

simplify /ˈsɪmpləfaɪ/ /ˈsɪmplɪfaɪ/ v
upraszczać uprościć
to make simpler

simply /ˈsɪmpli/ adv
po prostu
in a simple manner
merely, solely

simply connected adj
jednospójny
in topology, having its fundamental group a singleton

simulacrum /ˌsimjəˈleɪkɹəm/ n
symulakrum
image or representation

simulate /ˈsɪm.jə.lət/ /ˈsɪm.jəˌleɪt/ /ˈsɪm.jʊ.lɪt/ /ˈsɪm.jʊˌleɪt/ v
symulować
to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior

simulator n
symulant symulantka
One who simulates or feigns
symulator imitator
machine or system

simultaneity /ˌsaɪməltəˈniɪti/ /ˌsɪməltəˈniːɪti/ n
jednoczesność równoczesność
the quality or state of being simultaneous

simultaneous /ˌsaɪ̯.məlˈteɪ̯.ni.əs/ /ˌsaɪ̯.məlˈteɪ̯.njəs/ /ˌsɪm.əlˈteɪ̯.ni.əs/ /ˌsɪm.əlˈteɪ̯.njəs/ adj
jednoczesny równoczesny
occurring at the same time

simultaneous interpreting n
tłumaczenie symultaniczne
type of oral translation

simultaneously /ˌsaɪmlˈteɪnɪəsli/ /ˌsɪmlˈteɪnɪəsli/ adv
jednocześnie równocześnie
occurring at the same time

sin /sɪn/ n
grzech
misdeed
grzech przewina występek
violation of religious law

sin /sɪn/ v
grzeszyć zgrzeszyć
to commit a sin

since /sɪns/ adv
odtąd
from a specified time in the past

since /sɪns/ conjunction
odkąd od czasu kiedy od kiedy
from the time that
ponieważ skoro
because

since /sɪns/ preposition
od
from (time)

since when adv
od kiedy to? od kiedy?
from what time

sincere /sɪnˈsɪə(ɹ)/ /sɪnˈsɪɹ/ adj
szczery
earnest

sincerity /sɪnˈsɛɹəti/ n
szczerość
quality of being sincere

sindonology n
syndologia syndonologia
study

sine /saɪn/ n
sinus
trigonometric function

sine qua non /ˌsaɪni kweɪ ˈnɑn/ /ˌsaɪnɪ kweɪ ˈnɒn/ /ˌsɪn(e)ɪ kwɑː ˈnɒn/ /ˌsɪn(e)ɪ kwɑː ˈnəʊn/ /ˌsɪni kwɑ ˈnoʊn/ /ˌsɪni kwɑ ˈnɑn/ n
warunek niezbędny warunek sine qua non
prerequisite

sinecure /ˈsaɪ.nə.kjʊɹ/ /ˈsaɪ.nɪ.kjʊə/ /ˈsɪ.nɪ.kjʊə/ /ˈsɪn.ə.kjʊɹ/ n
synekura
a position that requires no work but still gives a payment

sinfully adv
grzesznie
in a sinful manner

sing /sɪŋ/ v
śpiewać zaśpiewać
to produce harmonious sounds with one’s voice

sing a different tune v
śpiewać z innego klucza

sing the praises of v
nachwalić się
commend someone's attributes to others

sing the same tune v
mówić tym samym językiem
sing the same tune

singe /sɪnd͡ʒ/ v
przypalać przypalić
to burn slightly

singer /ˈsɪŋə/ /ˈsɪŋɚ/ n
piosenkarz śpiewak
person who sings (male or generic term)
śpiewaczka piosenkarka
female person who sings

singer-songwriter n
pieśniarka pieśniarz
singer-songwriter

singing /ˈsɪŋɪŋ/ n
śpiew
the act of using the voice to produce musical sounds; vocalizing

singing voice n
głos
quality of voice when singing

single /ˈsɪŋɡl̩/ /ˈsɪŋɡəl/ adj
cały jeden jednolity
not divided in parts
pojedynczy jeden
not accompanied by anything else
pojedynczy jednoosobowy
designed for the use of only one
wolny niezamężna nieżonaty
not married nor dating

single /ˈsɪŋɡl̩/ /ˈsɪŋɡəl/ n
kawałek singel singiel
popular song
panna kawaler singel singiel
one who is not married

single mother n
samotna matka
a woman raising a child on her own

single room n
jedynka pokój jednoosobowy
a hotel room with one single bed

single transferable vote n
pojedynczy głos przechodni
voting system

single-handedly adv
samodzielnie
alone; without assistance; by oneself

single-user adj
jednoużytkownikowy

singles n
singel singiel
sports: game between two individuals

singlet /ˈsɪŋɡlɪt/ n
bokserka podkoszulek

singleton n
singleton
computing: class
playing card

singular /ˈsɪŋ.ɡjə.lɚ/ /ˈsɪŋ.ɡjʊ.lə/ adj
nieodwracalna osobliwa
linear algebra: of matrix: having no inverse
osobliwy
being out of the ordinary
pojedynczy liczba pojedyncza
grammar: referring to only one thing

singular /ˈsɪŋ.ɡjə.lɚ/ /ˈsɪŋ.ɡjʊ.lə/ n
liczba pojedyncza
grammar: form of a word that refers to only one thing

singulare tantum n
singulare tantum
grammar, noun having the singular form only

singularity /ˌsɪŋɡjəˈlæɹətɪ/ n
osobliwość
physics: point of infinite density

sinicization n
sinizacja
process of sinicising

sinister /ˈsɪnɪstə/ /ˈsɪnɪstɚ/ adj
arcygroźny złowieszczy złowrogi
ominous
arcygroźny złowrogi
evil

sinisterly adv
arcygroźnie

sink /sɪŋk/ /zɪŋk/ n
zlew zlewozmywak
basin

sink /sɪŋk/ /zɪŋk/ v
tonąć
descend into liquid, etc
topić zanurzać
submerge
zatapiać zatopić
cause (ship, etc) to sink

sink or swim v
wóz albo przewóz
to fail or succeed, on a project attempted

sinker /ˈsɪŋkə(ɹ)/ n
ciężarek
weight used in fishing

sinkhole n
lej krasowy lejek krasowy werteb krasowy wertep krasowy
geology: hole formed in soluble rock

sinking /ˈsɪŋkɪŋ/ n
tonięcie
The instance of a ship foundering and disappearing underwater.

sinking ship n
tonący okręt
something doomed

sinless adj
bezgrzeszny
without sin

sinlessly adv
bezgrzesznie

sinlessness n
bezgrzeszność
state of being sinless

sinner /ˈsɪnɚ/ n
grzesznik grzesznica
person who has sinned

sinologist n
sinolog
a student, or expert in sinology

sinter /ˈsɪntə/ v
aglomerować
to compact and heat a powder to form a solid mass

sinus /ˈsaɪ.nəs/ n
zatoka
pouch or cavity in a bone or other tissue

sinusitis n
zapalenie zatok
inflammation

sinusoid /ˈsaɪ.nə.sɔɪd/ /ˈsɑɪ.nə.soɪd/ n
sinusoida
sine curve

sinusoidal /saɪnəˈsɔɪdəl/ adj
sinusoidalny
in the form of a sine wave

siphon /ˈsaɪfən/ n
syfon
tubelike organ found in animals or elongated cell found in plants
syfon lewar
bent pipe or tube with one end lower than the other

sippy cup n
niekapek
spill-proof cup for toddlers

sir /sə(ɹ)/ /ˈsə(ɹ)/ /ˈsɜː(ɹ)/ /ˈsɝ/ /ˈsɪɹ/ n
pan
man of a higher rank or position
pan panie
address to any male, especially if his name or proper address is unknown

sire /saɪə(ɹ)/ v
spłodzić
to father, beget

siren /ˈsaɪəɹən/ /ˈsaɪɹən/ n
syrena
nymph of Greek mythology
device for making a sound alarm
dangerously seductive woman
mammal

sirloin /ˈsɝlɔɪn/ n
polędwica
cut of beef

sirocco /sɪˈɹɒkoʊ/ /ʃɪˈɹɒkoʊ/ n
sirocco
wind

sissy /ˈsɪsi/ n
cipa cipka pipa pipka
a timid, unassertive or cowardly person
an effeminate boy or man

sister /ˈsɪs.tə(ɹ)/ /ˈsɪs.tɚ/ n
siostra
woman or girl having the same parents
a nun; a female member of a religious community
senior nurse
any woman or girl with whom a bond is felt
siostrzany siostra
attributively: of an entity that has a special relationship with another

sister language n
pokrewny język

sister-in-law /ˈsɪs.tə.ɪn.lɔː/ /ˈsɪs.tɚ.ɪn.lɔ/ n
bratowa szwagierka
brother's wife
szwagierka bratowa
husband's sister
wife's sister
husband's brother's wife
wife's brother's wife

sisterly /ˈsɪstəli/ adj
siostrzany
of or characteristic of a sister or sisters

sistrum /ˈsɪstɹəm/ n
sistrum
instrument

sit /sɪt/ v
siedzieć
of a person, be in a position in which the upper body is upright and the legs are supported
to be a member of a deliberative body

sit back v
rozsiąść się
to recline while still in a seated position

sit down v
siadać usiąść
to assume a sitting position from a standing position

sit on one's hands v
siedzieć z założonymi rękami siedzieć z założonymi rękoma
to remain idle when action is needed

sit on the fence v
siedzieć okrakiem na barykadzie usiąść okrakiem na barykadzie

sit still v
nie móc usiedzieć na miejscu
to remain motionless

sit-in n
strajk okupacyjny
type of protest

sit-up /ˈsɪt.ʌp/ n
brzuszek
exercise in which the abdominal muscles are contracted

sitar n
sitar
musical instrument

site /saɪt/ n
miejsce
place fitted or chosen for any certain permanent use or occupation

sittable adj
do siedzenia
able to be sat on

sitting duck n
łatwa zdobycz łatwy cel
an obvious or unconcealed target

situation /ˌsɪt.juːˈeɪ.ʃən/ /ˌsɪt͡ʃ.uˈ(w)eɪ.ʃən/ n
sytuacja pozycja
position vis-à-vis surroundings
sytuacja położenie
one's status with regard to circumstances
state of affairs

situation comedy n
komedia sytuacyjna sitcom
episodic comedy radio or television program

situations vacant n
oferty pracy

six /sɪks/ n
szóstka sześć
digit

six /sɪks/ numeral
sześć sześcioro
cardinal number

six hundred /ˈsɪks ˈhʌn.dɹəd/ /ˈsɪks ˈhʌn.dɹɪd/ numeral
sześćset
cardinal number 600

six o'clock n
szósta
the start of the seventh hour

six of one, half a dozen of the other proverb
ganc egal wszystko jedno ganc pomada jak go zwał, tak go zwał to jedno i to samo wart Pac pałaca, a pałac Paca
two alternatives are equivalent or indifferent

six thousand numeral
sześć tysięcy
6000

six-pack n
kaloryfer sześciopak
highly developed set of abdominal muscles
sześciopak
set of six beverage cans

sixteen /ˈsɪks.tiːn/ /ˌsɪksˈtiːn/ numeral
szesnaście szesnaścioro
cardinal number 16

sixteenth /ˌsɪksˈtiːnθ/ adj
szesnasty
the ordinal form of the number sixteen

sixteenth rest n
pauza szestnastkowa

sixth /sɪk(s)θ/ [sɪk(s)t̪] [sɪk(s)θ] adj
szósty
ordinal form of the number six

sixth /sɪk(s)θ/ [sɪk(s)t̪] [sɪk(s)θ] n
seksta
interval
szósty
person or thing in sixth place

sixth sense n
szósty zmysł
extrasensory perception

sixthly adv
po szóste
in the sixth place

sixties n
lata 60. lata sześćdziesiąte
decade of the 1960s

sixtieth /ˈsɪksti.əθ/ adj
sześćdziesiąty
the ordinal form of the number sixty

sixty /ˈsɪksti/ /ˈsɪkstɪ/ numeral
sześćdziesiąt kopa
cardinal number

sixty-eight numeral
sześćdziesiąt osiem
cardinal number

sixty-eighth adj
sześćdziesiąty ósmy
ordinal form of sixty-eight

sixty-fifth adj
sześćdziesiąty piąty
ordinal form of sixty-five

sixty-five numeral
sześćdziesiąt pięć
cardinal number

sixty-four numeral
sześćdziesiąt cztery
cardinal number

sixty-fourth adj
sześćdziesiąty czwarty
ordinal form of sixty-four

sixty-nine /ˌsɪkstiˈnaɪn/ numeral
sześćdziesiąt dziewięć
cardinal number

sixty-ninth adj
sześćdziesiąty dziewiąty
ordinal form of sixty-nine

sixty-one numeral
sześćdziesiąt jeden
cardinal number

sixty-second adj
sześćdziesiąty drugi
ordinal number

sixty-seven numeral
sześćdziesiąt siedem
cardinal number

sixty-seventh adj
sześćdziesiąty siódmy
ordinal form of sixty-seven

sixty-six numeral
sześćdziesiąt sześć
cardinal number

sixty-sixth adj
sześćdziesiąty szósty
ordinal form of sixty-six

sixty-third adj
sześćdziesiąty trzeci
ordinal form of sixty-three

sixty-three numeral
sześćdziesiąt trzy
cardinal number

sixty-two numeral
sześćdziesiąt dwa
cardinal number

sixtysomething n
sześćdziesięciolatek sześćdziesięciolatka
a person between the ages of 60 and 69

sizable /ˈsaɪzəbəl/ adj
znaczny znaczący
fairly large

size /saɪz/ n
rozmiar wielkość
dimensions or magnitude of a thing
a specific set of dimensions for clothing

sizzle /ˈsɪzəl/ n
skwierczenie
the sound of water hitting a hot surface

sizzle /ˈsɪzəl/ v
skwierczeć
to make the sound of water hitting a hot surface

ska /skɑː/ n
ska
style of Jamaican dance music originating in the late 1950s

skald /skæld/ /skɔːld/ n
skald
Nordic poet of the Viking Age

skate /skeɪt/ n
łyżwa
ice skate or roller skate
runner
płaszczka
fish of family Rajidae

skate /skeɪt/ v
jechać jeździć
to move along a surface (ice or ground) using skates

skateboard n
deskorolka deska
sports/recreation platform on wheels

skateboard v
jechać jeździć
to use a skateboard

skater /ˈskeɪ.tə(ɹ)/ n
łyżwiarz łyżwiarka
person who skates

skating /ˈskeɪtɪŋ/ n
łyżwiarstwo
action or sport

skedaddle /skɪˈdædəl/ v
zwiać zwiewać
move or run away quickly

skeleton /ˈskɛlətən/ /ˈskɛləʔ.n̩/ n
kościej kościotrup
representation of a skeleton
szkielet
central core of something
frame that provides support to a building
szkielet chudzielec
very thin person
szkielet kościec
system that provides support to an organism

skeleton in the cupboard n
szkielet w szafie trup w szafie
shameful secret

skeletonless adj
bezszkieletowy

skeptic /ˈskɛp.tɪk/ n
sceptyczka sceptyk
someone who doubts beliefs and claims

skeptical /ˈskɛptɪkəl/ adj
sceptyczny
having, or expressing doubt
related to skepticism

skepticism /ˈskɛp.tɪˌsɪ.zəm/ n
sceptycyzm
general disposition to doubt
doctrine

skerry /ˈskɛɹi/ n
szkier szer
small rocky island

sketch /skɛt͡ʃ/ n
schemat szkic
rough design or draft
skecz
brief musical, dramatic or literary work etc.
szkic
quick freehand drawing

sketch /skɛt͡ʃ/ v
szkicować naszkicować
to make a basic drawing
to describe briefly and with few details

sketchbook n
szkicownik
book or pad with blank pages for sketching

skew /skju/ /skjuː/ adj
skośny
neither parallel nor at right angles to a certain line

skewer /ˈskjuː.ə/ /ˈskjuː.ɚ/ n
szpikulec rożen
pin used to secure food during cooking

ski /skiː/ /ʃiː/ n
narta
one of a pair of long flat runners designed for gliding over snow
narta wodna
one of a pair of long flat runners designed for being pulled by a boat over water

ski /skiː/ /ʃiː/ v
zjeżdżać na nartach jeździć na nartach
move on skis

ski jump n
skocznia
ramp

ski jumper n
skoczek narciarski skoczkini narciarska
someone who competes in ski jumping

ski jumping n
skoki narciarskie
a winter sport

ski lift n
wyciąg narciarski
a device that transports skiers up a mountain

ski resort n
ośrodek narciarski
resort for skiers

skier /ˈskiːə(ɹ)/ n
narciarz narciarka
someone who practices skiing

skiing /ˈski.ɪŋ/ n
narciarstwo
sport or activity

skilandis n
kindziuk

skill /skɪl/ n
umiejętność
capacity to do something well

skilled /skɪld/ adj
umiejętny
having or showing skill

skim /skɪm/ v
rikoszetować
ricochet

skim milk n
chude mleko mleko odtłuszczone
milk with removed cream

skimmer n
brzytwodziób
bird of genus Rynchops
szumówka łyżka cedzakowa
spoon

skimpy /ˈskɪmpi/ adj
kusy
of a garment, very small, light, or revealing
skąpy
small or inadequate; not generous

skin /skɪn/ n
bibułka bletka
rolling paper for cigarettes
bukłak
vessel made of skin
kożuch skóra
congealed layer on the surface of a liquid
skin
skinhead (clipping of)
skóra
outer protective layer of the body of a person or animal
skin and fur of an animal used by humans
skórka
alternate appearance for a 3D character model in a video game
skórka karnacja kompozycja
image used as the background of graphical user interface
skórka skóra
outer protective layer of fruit

skin /skɪn/ v
obdzierać ze skóry obedrzeć ze skóry oskórować skórować
to remove the skin of
zdzierać zedrzeć
to injure the skin of

skin and bones n
skóra i kości
emaciated; very skinny

skin effect n
naskórkowość zjawisko naskórkowości
tendency of alternating current to distribute itself

skin flick n
film przyrodniczy

skinhead /ˈskɪnhɛd/ n
skinhead skin skinio łysol łysy
member of skinhead subculture

skink /skɪŋk/ n
scynk
lizard

skinny /ˈskɪni/ adj
chudy
thin

skinny dip v
pływać na golasa
to swim nude

skint /skɪnt/ adj
spłukany
penniless, poor, impecunious, broke

skintight adj
obcisły
conforming tightly to the body

skip /skɪp/ n
kosz na śmieci

skipjack tuna n
bonito
Katsuwonus pelamis

skipping rope n
skakanka
rope for play or exercise

skirmish /ˈskɜːmɪʃ/ /ˈskɝmɪʃ/ n
potyczka
brief battle between small groups
potyczka utarczka
minor dispute

skirret n
kucmerka marek marek kucmerka
umbelliferous plant

skirt /skɚt/ /skɜːt/ n
spódnica
part of dress that hangs below waist
spódnica kiecka
article of clothing
slang: woman

skirt chaser n
bawidamek
man who seeks out female companionship

skirting board n
listwa przypodłogowa
panel between floor and interior wall

skit n
skecz
comedy

skittish /ˈskɪtɪʃ/ [ˈskɪɾɪʃ] adj
płochliwy
easily scared
płochy
fickle

skua /ˈskjuːə/ n
wydrzyk
predatory seabird of the family Stercorariidae

skull /skʌl/ n
czaszka
bones of the head: cranium and mandible

skull and crossbones /-ˈkɹɑs-/ /ˌskʌl n̩ ˈkɹɒsbəʊnz/ /ˌskʌl n̩ ˈkɹɔsboʊnz/ n
trupia czaszka z piszczelami
depiction of a human skull and two crossed femurs

skullcap /ˈskʌlkæp/ n
jarmułka
cap that covers the area from the forehead to just above the back of the neck
tarczyca
flowering plant

skunk /skʌŋk/ n
skunks
animal
śmierdziel
despicable person

sky /skaɪ/ n
niebo
part of the sky which can be seen from a specific place or at a specific time
niebo firmament
atmosphere above a given point, especially as visible from the surface of the Earth as the place where the sun, moon, stars, and clouds are seen
niebo niebiosa
the abode of God or the gods, etc.

sky blue adj
błękitny
light blue

sky blue n
błękit błękitność
colour

sky burial n
pogrzeb powietrzny
funeral practice

skydiver n
spadochroniarz
someone who skydives

skylark /ˈskaɪ.lɑɹk/ /ˈskʌɪ.lɑːk/ n
skowronek polny
small brown passerine bird

skylight /ˈskaɪˌlaɪt/ n
świetlik
window dome or opening in the roof

skyrmion n
skyrmion
type of topological soliton

skyscraper /ˈskaɪˌskɹeɪp.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈskaɪˌskɹeɪpɚ/ n
drapacz chmur wieżowiec drapacz
tall building

slab /slæb/ n
płyta
paving stone

slack /slæk/ adj
rozluźniony
not tense

slack off v
odpuścić sobie
to be deliberately unproductive in one's work or study

slag /slæɡ/ n
dziwka puszczalska
a woman (sometimes a man) who has loose morals relating to sex
żużel
the impurities which result and are separated out when melting a metal or refining it from its ore
żużel scoria
the scoria of a volcano

slaked lime n
wapno gaszone
calcium hydroxide

slalom /ˈslɑː.ləm/ /ˈslɔ.ləm/ n
slalom
sports

slam /slæm/ n
bluzg
insult

slam /slæm/ v
trzaskać trzasnąć
to shut with sudden force and noise

slander /ˈslandə/ /ˈslaːndə/ /ˈslændɚ/ /ˈslɑːndə/ /ˈslɛndə/ n
oszczerstwo pomówienie zniesławienie
false or unsupported spoken malicious statement

slander /ˈslandə/ /ˈslaːndə/ /ˈslændɚ/ /ˈslɑːndə/ /ˈslɛndə/ v
szkalować
utter a slanderous statement about

slanderer n
oszczerca
One who slanders

slang /slæŋ/ [sleɪŋ] n
slang gwara żargon
unconventional language

slanting /ˈslæntɪŋ/ adj
skośny ukośny
not perpendicular

slanting /ˈslæntɪŋ/ n
nachylenie pochylenie pochyłość
quality of being slanted

slap /slæp/ n
policzek klaps klepnięcie
A blow dealt with the open hand

slap in the face n
liść policzek
slap in the face or on the cheek

slapdash /ˈslæpdæʃ/ adj
byle jaki niedbały niestaranny
done hastily

slapdash /ˈslæpdæʃ/ adv
byle jak niedbale niestarannie
in a hasty or careless manner

slapstick n
slapstick
physical comedy

slash /slaʃ/ /slæʃ/ n
ukośnik
typography: / symbol

slash and burn n
gospodarka żarowa system ogniowy
technique

slasher n
slasher
horror movie

slaty-backed gull n
mewa ochocka
Larus schistisagus

slaughter /ˈslɑtɚ/ /ˈslɑɾɚ/ /ˈslɔɾɚ/ /ˈslɔːtə/ n
pogrom
a decisive defeat
rzeź masakra pogrom
killing of many people
ubój
killing of animals (also kosher and halal rituals)

slaughter /ˈslɑtɚ/ /ˈslɑɾɚ/ /ˈslɔɾɚ/ /ˈslɔːtə/ v
bić rżnąć szlachtować zarzynać zarżnąć zaszlachtować
to butcher animals, generally for food (also kosher and halal rituals)
masakrować rżnąć zarzynać zarżnąć zmasakrować
to kill in a particularly brutal manner
masakrować zmasakrować
to massacre people in large numbers

slaughterhouse n
rzeźnia
scene of a massacre

slave /sleɪv/ n
niewolnik niewolnica
person forced to work for another
person forced to perform sexual acts; (nonconsensual) sex slave
niewolnik niewolnica rab
person owned by another

slave trade n
handel niewolnikami
traffic in slaves

slaver /ˈsleɪvə/ /ˈsleɪvɚ/ n
handlarz niewolników
a person engaged in the slave trade
statek niewolniczy
slave ship

slaver /ˈslævə/ /ˈslævɚ/ v
ślinić się
to drool saliva

slavery /ˈsleɪvəɹi/ /ˈsleɪvɹi/ n
niewola niewolnictwo
condition in which one is captivated or subjugated
condition of servitude endured by a slave
niewolnictwo
institution or practice of owning human beings

slavess n
niewolnica

slavish /ˈsleɪvɪʃ/ adj
niewolniczy
in the manner of a slave

sleaze /sliːz/ n
gnida kanalia
a person with low moral standards
niemoralność zepsucie zgnilizna
low moral standards

sleazy /ˈsliː.zi/ adj
obskurny plugawy
raunchy; tastelessly sexual
obskurny podejrzany
marked by low quality; inferior; inadequate

sled dog n
pies zaprzęgowy
dog

sledge /slɛd͡ʒ/ n
sanie sanki
sleigh or sled

sledgehammer /ˈslɛd͡ʒhæmə/ /ˈslɛd͡ʒhæmɚ/ n
młot kowalski młot oburęczny
kind of hammer

sleek /sliːk/ adj
gładki
smooth

sleep /slip/ /sliːp/ n
sen
state of reduced consciousness
informal: act or instance of sleeping
śpioch sen
substance found in the corner of the eyes, sometimes as a figurative objectification of sleep

sleep /slip/ /sliːp/ v
mieścić
to accommodate
spać
to rest in state of reduced consciousness

sleep apnea n
bezdech senny
brief interruptions of breathing during sleep

sleep in /sliːp ɪn/ v
wyspać się wysypiać się
to sleep late

sleep like a baby v
spać jak dziecko
to sleep very well

sleep like a log /-ˈlɑɡ/ /ˈsliːp ˈla͡ɪk ə ˈlɒɡ/ /ˈsliːp ˈla͡ɪk ə ˈlɔɡ/ v
spać jak kamień spać jak suseł spać jak zabity spać jak dziecko
to sleep well, without disturbance

sleep mask /slip mæsk/ /sliːp mɑːsk/ n
maska do spania
blindfold

sleep of the just /ˈslip əv ðə ˈdʒʌst/ /ˈsliːp əv ðə ˈdʒʌst/ n
spać snem sprawiedliwego
deep and worry-free sleep

sleep on v
przespać się z tym
to postpone a decision at least overnight

sleep over v
nocować przenocować
to sleep over

sleep rough /ˌslip ˈɹʌf/ /ˌsliːp ˈɹʌf/ v
spać na zewnątrz
to sleep outdoors

sleep tight interjection
dobranoc, pchły na noc
good night

sleep with v
przespać się
have sex with

sleep with one eye open v
spać z jednym okiem otwartym

sleeper n
śpiący
someone who sleeps

sleepiness n
senność ospałość śpiączka

sleeping /ˈsliːpɪŋ/ n
spanie
state or act of being asleep

sleeping bag /ˈsliːpɪŋ(ɡ) bæɡ/ n
śpiwór
padded or insulated bag

sleeping car n
wagon sypialny
a railroad car with sleeping facilities for passengers travelling overnight.

sleeping mat n
karimata
a thin mat used to insulate a sleeper from the ground

sleeping pill n
tabletka nasenna
a pill having a soporific effect

sleeping sickness n
śpiączka afrykańska
infectious disease

sleepless /ˈsliːpləs/ adj
bezsenny
absence of sleep

sleeplessly adv
bezsennie

sleepover n
nocowanie
the act of spending the night as a guest in another's house

sleepwalking n
somnambulizm sennowłóctwo
act of walking while not conscious or aware of it, during sleep

sleepy /ˈsliːpi/ adj
śpiący senny
feeling the need for sleep

sleepyhead n
śpioch
sleepy person

sleet /sliːt/ n
deszcz ze śniegiem
precipitation of rain–snow mixture
marznący deszcz
glaze ice formed by freezing rain

sleeve /sliːv/ n
koperta
record cover
rękaw
part of a garment that covers the arm

sleeve board n
rękawnik rękawnik do prasowania
small ironing board

slender /ˈslɛndə/ /ˈslɛndɚ/ adj
szczupły smukły
thin

slender-billed gull n
mewa cienkodzioba
Chroicocephalus genei

sleuth /sluːθ/ n
ogar
bloodhound

slice /slaɪs/ v
kroić (na kawałki) pokroić (na kawałki)
to cut into slices

slide /slaɪd/ n
osuwisko
rubble, earth and stones moving down
przezrocze przeźrocze slajd
transparent image for projecting
zjeżdżalnia
item of play equipment

slide /slaɪd/ v
poślizgnąć się
to lose balance
ślizgać się
to cause to move in continuous contact with a surface
to pass along smoothly

slide projector n
rzutnik rzutnik przezroczy
a device that projects an enlarged image of a photographic slide onto a screen

slide rule n
suwak logarytmiczny
analog calculator

slide tackle n
wślizg
soccer tackle

slider /ˈslaɪdɚ/ n
suwak
(software, graphical user interface) a widget allowing the user to select a value or position

slight /slaɪt/ [sl̥ɐɪʔ] adj
drobny mały
small in amount, insignificant

slightly /ˈslaɪtli/ adv
nieco trochę
to a small extent or degree

slim /slɪm/ adj
szczupły smukły
slender

slime /slaɪm/ n
muł szlam
mud
śluz
mucilaginous substance or mucus-like substance

slimeball /ˈslaɪmbɔːl/ /ˈslaɪmˌbɔl/ n
oblech obleśniak
person regarded as slimy or otherwise undesirable

sling /ˈslɪŋ/ n
proca
instrument for throwing
temblak proca
bandage

sling /ˈslɪŋ/ v
ciskać cisnąć rzucać rzucić
to throw
opchać opchnąć opychać
to sell with the frequent implication of illegality or similarly pressured

slinger /ˈslɪŋ.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈslɪŋ.ɚ/ n
procarz
someone who slings or who uses a sling

slingshot /ˈslɪŋʃɒt/ n
proca
Y-shaped stick with an elastic sling between the arms used for shooting small projectiles

slink /slɪŋk/ v
skradać się
sneak about furtively

slip /slɪp/ n
fiszka arkusik
small piece of paper

slip /slɪp/ v
poślizgnąć się pośliznąć się
to lose one's traction

slip knot n
węzeł przesuwany węzeł przesuwny
knot which attaches a line to an object and tightens when pressure is applied

slip of the tongue n
przejęzyczenie
mistake in speech

slip out v
chlapać chlapnąć
to be said or revealed by accident

slip someone's mind v
wypadać z głowy wypaść z głowy

slip-up /ˈslɪpʌp/ n
wpadka
a (small) error or mistake

slipper /ˈslɪpə(ɹ)/ n
kapeć klapek laczek
low shoe usually worn indoors
laczek pantofel
low shoe slipped on and off easily

slippery /ˈslɪpəɹi/ /ˈslɪpɹi/ adj
śliski
of a surface

slippery jack n
maślak zwyczajny
mushroom in genus Suillus

slippery slope n
równia pochyła
chain of events

slipware n
angoba

slipway n
pochylnia
sloping surface

slivovitz /ˈslɪvəvɪts/ /ˈslɪvəˌvɪts/ n
śliwowica
rakija made from distilled, fermented plum juice

slob /slɒb/ n
bałaganiara bałaganiarka bałaganiarz
lazy, slovenly person

slobber /ˈslɒbə(ɹ)/ v
ślinić się
to allow saliva or liquid to run from one's mouth

sloboda n
słoboda
a kind of settlement in the history of Russia, Belarus and Ukraine

sloe /ˈsloʊ/ /ˈsləʊ/ n
tarnina ciarka cierniówka tarka
fruit of Prunus spinosa

sloe gin /ˈsloʊ ˌdʒɪn/ /ˈsləʊ ˌdʒɪn/ n
jałowcówka tarniówka
liqueur

sloe-eyed /ˈsloʊˌaɪd/ /ˈsləʊˌaɪd/ adj
ciemnooki
having dark eyes

slog /slɑɡ/ /slɒɡ/ v
taszczyć się
to walk slowly, encountering resistance

slogan /ˈsloʊɡən/ /ˈsləʊɡ(ə)n/ n
slogan hasło
catchphrase associated with a product or service being advertised

sloop /sluːp/ n
slup
single-masted sailboat

slop /slɒp/ n
pomyje
scraps which are fed to pigs

slope /sloʊp/ /sləʊp/ n
nachylenie
mathematics
pochylenie
degree to which a surface tends upward or downward
stok zbocze skarpa
area of ground that tends evenly upward or downward
żółtek
offensive: person of East Asian descent

sloppy /ˈslɑ.pi/ /ˈslɒp.i/ adj
niechlujny
messy; not neat, elegant, or careful

slosh /slɑʃ/ /slɒʃ/ v
bełtać się zbełtać się
of a liquid, to shift chaotically; to splash noisily

sloth /slɑθ/ /slɒθ/ /slɔθ/ /sləʊθ/ n
lenistwo
laziness
leniwiec
mammal

sloth bear n
wargacz
Melursus ursinus

slotting machine n
dłutownica
reciprocating machine tool used to cut mortises and to shape openings

slough /slaʊ/ /sluː/ n
bagno
muddy or marshy area

slough /slʌf/ n
martwa skóra
dead skin on a sore or ulcer
wylinka
the skin shed by a snake or other reptile

sloven /ˈslʌvən/ n
abnegat
man or boy habitually negligent of neatness and order

slovenliness n
abnegacja
state or quality of being slovenly

slovenly /ˈslɒv.ən.li/ /ˈslʊv.ən.li/ /ˈslʌv.ən.li/ adj
abnegacki
careless or negligent; sloppy
dirty, unwashed; disorderly
having an untidy appearance; unkempt

slovenly /ˈslɒv.ən.li/ /ˈslʊv.ən.li/ /ˈslʌv.ən.li/ adv
abnegacko

slow /sloʊ/ /sləʊ/ adj
powolny wolny
not quick in motion
spread over a comparatively long time

slow and steady wins the race proverb
co nagle, to po diable gdy się człowiek śpieszy, to się diabeł cieszy kropla drąży skałę śpiesz się powoli
patient work will conquer any problem

slow cooker n
wolnowar
kitchen appliance

slow down v
spowalniać spowolnić zwalniać zwolnić
to reduce speed

slow on the uptake adj
mieć spóźniony zapłon
slow to comprehend

slow-witted adj
niedomyślny
lacking a keen or swift intellect

slowly /ˈsloʊli/ /ˈsləʊli/ adv
powoli wolno niemrawo nieprędko nieśpiesznie pomalutku
at a slow pace

slowness n
powolność
quality of being slow

slowpoke /ˈsloʊˌpoʊk/ n
guzdrała maruda ślamazara grzebuła maruder ślamazarnik
person who moves slowly

slowworm /ˈsləʊwɜː(ɹ)m/ n
padalec
Anguis fragilis

sludge /slʌd͡ʒ/ n
muł szlam
residual material from a process

slug /slʌɡ/ n
ślimak bezmuszlowy ślimak nagi ślinik
gastropod

sluggard n
leń
lazy or idle person

sluggish /ˈslʌɡɪʃ/ adj
rozlazły ślamazarny
habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive
ślamazarny
slow; having little motion

sluggishness n
bezwładność
the property of being sluggish

sluice /sljuːs/ /sluːs/ n
śluza
passage for water

slum /slʌm/ n
slums
dilapidated neighborhood

slumber /ˈslʌm.bə/ /ˈslʌm.bɚ/ n
drzemka
a very light state of sleep

slumber /ˈslʌm.bə/ /ˈslʌm.bɚ/ v
drzemać zdrzemnąć
to be in a very light state of sleep

slumber party n
piżama party
a sleepover

slumlord n
slumlord

slump /slʌmp/ v
upadać
to collapse heavily

slur /slɜː(ɹ)/ n
obelga oszczerstwo
insult or slight

slur /slɜː(ɹ)/ v
bełkotać
to articulate poorly

slurp /slɜːp/ /slɝp/ v
siorbać
eat or drink noisily

slurry /ˈslɝ.i/ /ˈslʌ.ɹi/ n
gnojowica
agriculture: mixture of animal waste, other organic material and sometimes water used as fertilizer
zawiesina
any flowable suspension of small particles in liquid

slut /slʌt/ /ˈsɫɐt/ n
dziwka kurwa szmata ulicznica
sexually promiscuous woman
flejtuch
untidy person
suka
a female dog

slut-shaming v
slut-shaming
act of making a woman feel inferior for sexual activity and desires

sluttiness n
zdzirowatość
the state of being slutty

slutty /ˈslʌti/ adj
zdzirowaty
Of or resembling a slut

sly /slaɪ/ adj
chytry cwany
artfully cunning; secretly mischievous; wily

sly as a fox adj
chytry jak lis sprytny jak lis
very sly

sly fox n
cwaniak baciar szczwany lis szogun
person artfully cunning; secretly mischievous; wily

slyly /ˈslaɪli/ adv
chytrze
in a sly manner

smack /smæk/ n
nuta
slight trace of something
posmak
distinct flavor
chlast klaps
sharp blow

smack /smæk/ v
klapnąć plasnąć
to slap someone

small /smoːl/ /smɑl/ /smɔl/ /smɔːl/ [smoːɫ] adj
mały
not large
mały młody
young

small beer n
małe piwo
something of little importance
małe piwo piwko
small serving of beer

small caps n
kapitaliki
font variant

small change n
bilon
a minor or insignificant amount of money

small fry n
blotka błahostka
things or people of little importance

small hours n
pogańska godzina
very early morning

small intestine n
jelito cienkie
upper part of the intestine

small screen n
mały ekran
broadcast or cable television screen

small talk n
small talk
idle conversation

small wonder n
nic dziwnego nie dziwota
unsurprising occurrence

small-minded adj
małostkowy
selfish; not mindful of the big picture

small-sized adj
małogabarytowy

smallness n
małość
state of being small

smallpox /ˈsmɔlpɑks/ /ˈsmɔːlpɒks/ n
ospa
disease

smarmy /ˈsmɑɹ.mi/ /ˈsmɑː.mi/ adj
obłudny
Falsely earnest, smug, or ingratiating

smart /smɑɹt/ /smɑːt/ adj
elegancki
good-looking
sprytny bystry zmyślny
exhibiting intellectual knowledge, such as that found in books
sprytny inteligentny umiejętny zręczny
equipped with intelligent behaviour (digital/computer technology)

smart /smɑɹt/ /smɑːt/ v
piec szczypać
to hurt or sting

smartphone /ˈsmɑɹtfoʊn/ /ˈsmɑːtfəʊn/ n
smartfon
electronic handheld device

smash /smæʃ/ v
miażdżyć zmiażdżyć
be destroyed by being smashed

smear /smiɚ/ /smɪə(ɹ)/ /smɪɚ/ n
maźnięcie
mark

smear /smiɚ/ /smɪə(ɹ)/ /smɪɚ/ v
mazać pomazać posmarować smarować
to spread (a substance)
to spread (a surface) with a substance

smear campaign n
kampania oszczerstw
negative propaganda

smearer n
pacykarz
unskillful painter

smegma /ˈsmɛɡmə/ n
mastka
sebaceous secretion

smell /smɛl/ n
węch zmysł powonienia
sense of smell
zapach woń pach
sensation

smell /smɛl/ v
pachnieć wonieć wąchać
to have a particular smell, whether good or bad; if descriptive, followed by "like" or "of"
wąchać powąchać
sense with nose

smell a rat /ˈsmɛl ə ˈɹæt/ v
czuć pismo nosem
to sense something suspicious

smell fishy v
coś się święci

smell-brain n
węchomózgowie
part of brain involved with smelling

smelling salt n
sole trzeźwiące
ammonium carbonate when used to restore consciousness

smelly /ˈsmɛli/ adj
cuchnący smrodliwy śmierdzący
having a bad smell

smelt /ˈsmɛlt/ n
stynka
fish of the family Osmeridae

smetana /ˈsmɛ.tə.nə/ n
śmietana
type of soured cream

smidgen /ˈsmɪd͡ʒən/ n
kapka
very small amount

smilax n
kolcorośl
plant genus Smilax

smile /ˈsmaɪ.əl/ /ˈsmaɪl/ n
uśmiech
a happy face expression using mouth, but without producing voice

smile /ˈsmaɪ.əl/ /ˈsmaɪl/ v
uśmiechać uśmiechnąć
to have a smile on one's face

smile from ear to ear v
uśmiechać się od ucha do ucha uśmiechnąć się od ucha do ucha
to smile widely

smiley /ˈsmaɪli/ n
buźka
representation of a smiling face

smiling /ˈsmaɪlɪŋ/ adj
uśmiechnięty
that smiles or has a smile

smite /smaɪt/ v
mach raz
to hit

smith /smɪθ/ n
kowal
craftsperson who works metal

smithereens /smɪðəˈɹiːnz/ /ˌsmɪðəˈɹinz/ n
kawałeczki
fragments or splintered pieces; numerous tiny disconnected items

smithsonite n
smithsonit
mineral

smock /smɑk/ /smɒk/ n
bluza
a blouse
kitel
a loose garment worn as protection
undergarment

smock mill n
wiatrak holenderski
windmill with rotating cap

smog /smɑɡ/ /smɒɡ/ /smɔɡ/ n
smog
urban air pollution

smoke /smoʊk/ /sməʊk/ n
dym
visible particles and vapour given off by burning material
fajka
colloquial: cigarette

smoke /smoʊk/ /sməʊk/ v
dymić kopcić palić
to give off smoke
palić dymić
to inhale and exhale smoke from a burning cigarette
to inhale and exhale tobacco smoke regularly or habitually
wędzić palić
to preserve or prepare by treating with smoke

smoke detector n
wykrywacz dymu
device

smoke grenade n
granat dymny
bomb that generates thick smoke

smoke like a chimney v
palić jak smok palić jak lokomotywa
to smoke tobacco frequently

smoke-filled adj
zadymiony

smokebox /sməʊkbɒks/ n
dymnica
chamber before chimney

smoked /smoʊkt/ /sməʊkt/ adj
wędzony
of food, preserved by treatment with smoke

smoked salmon n
wędzony łosoś
edible salmon that is cured by smoking

smokehouse /ˈsmoʊkˌhaʊs/ n
wędzarnia
structure to smoke food

smokeless adj
bezdymny
without smoke

smokeless powder n
proch bezdymny
explosive

smokelessly adv
bezdymnie
without smoke

smoker /ˈsmoʊkɚ/ n
palacz palaczka fajczarka paląca fajczarz palący
person who smokes tobacco habitually
wędzarka wędzarnia
apparatus for smoking food

smokery n
wędzarnia
smoking facility

smokescreen n
zasłona dymna
anything used (metaphorically) to conceal or distract
smoke used as a disguise, mask or cover

smoking /ˈsmoʊkɪŋ/ /ˈsməʊkɪŋ/ n
palenie
smoking of tobacco

smoking jacket n
bonżurka
men's jacket to be worn while smoking

smoking room n
palarnia
room designated for smokers

smoky eyes n
przydymione oko

smolder /ˈsmoʊldɚ/ v
gotować się
to show signs of repressed anger or suppressed mental turmoil or other strong emotion
tlić się tleć
to burn with no flame and little smoke

smooth /smuːð/ adj
gładki
lacking friction, not rough
bland; glib
mathematics, of a function: Having derivatives of all finite orders at all points within the function’s domain

smooth breathing n
przydech słaby
diacritic mark in Greek

smooth muscle n
mięsień gładki
involuntary muscle

smooth talk n
bajeranctwo

smooth talk v
bajerować zabajerować zbajerować

smooth talker n
bajerant bajerantka

smoothbore adj
gładkolufowy
having a bore with smooth interior

smoothie /ˈsmuːði/ n
pochlebca
smooth-talker
smoothie
drink

smoothly /ˈsmuːðli/ adv
gładko
in a smooth manner

smoothness n
gładkość
condition of being smooth

smorgasbord /ˈsmɔɹɡəsˌbɔɹd/ /ˈsmɔːɡæs(ˌ)bɔːd/ /ˈsmɔːɡəs(ˌ)bɔːd/ /ˈsmɜːɡəs(ˌ)bɔːd/ /ˈsmɜːɡəʊs(ˌ)bʊəd/ /ˈʃmɔɹ-/ n
szwedzki stół bufet szwedzki
Swedish-style buffet comprising a variety of cold sandwiches and other dishes

smother /ˈsmʌðɚ/ v
dusić
to cook in a close dish
przydusić
to reduce to a low degree of vigor or activity
udusić
to suffocate
zdusić
to extinguish or deaden

smuggle /ˈsmʌɡəl/ v
przemycać przemycić
to import or export, illicitly or by stealth, without paying lawful customs charges or duties

smuggler /ˈsmʌɡ.lə(ɹ)/ /ˈsmʌɡ.əl.ə(ɹ)/ n
kontrabandzista przemytnik szmugler kontrabandzistka przemytniczka szmuglerka
One who smuggles things

smuggling n
przemyt kontrabanda szmugiel szmuglerka
an act of something being smuggled

smurf /smɜːf/ /smɝf/ n
smerf
fictional character

smut /smʌt/ n
głownia
range of fungi

snack /snæk/ n
przekąska
a light meal
an item of food eaten between meals

snack bar /ˈsnækbɑɹ/ /ˈsnækbɑː/ n
bar szybkiej obsługi bufet
small restaurant serving light meals

snag /ˈsnæɡ/ n
odrostek
one of the secondary branches of an antler
sęk tylec
stump or base of a branch

snag /ˈsnæɡ/ v
zadrzeć
to catch or tear

snail /sneɪl/ [sn̥eɪ̯ɫ] n
osoba, która wlecze się
sluggard
ślimak
any animal of the class Gastropoda having a shell

snail's pace n
żółwim krokiem
a very slow pace

snake /sneɪk/ n
wąż
legless reptile
wąż bazyliszek żmija
treacherous person

snake /sneɪk/ v
wić się
to move in a winding path

snake charmer n
zaklinacz węży
snake charmer

snake eagle n
gadożer
bird of prey

snake wine n
żmijówka

snakefly n
wielbłądka
insect of order Raphidioptera

snakelet n
wężyk
a baby snake

snakelike adj
wężowaty
resembling a snake

snaky /ˈsneɪki/ adj
wężowy
resembling or relating to snakes

snap /snæp/ n
napa zatrzask
fastening device

snap /snæp/ v
odpyskiwać odpyskować odpyskowywać
to speak abruptly or sharply
pstrykać palcami pstryknąć palcami
to snap one's fingers

snap election /ˌsnæp iˈlɛkʃ(ə)n/ /ˌsnæp ɪˈlɛkʃ(ə)n/ n
przedterminowe wybory
election called before the regularly scheduled time

snap fastener n
zatrzask
fastening mechanism

snapdragon /ˈsnæpdɹæɡən/ n
lwia paszcza wyżlin
any plant of the genus Antirrhinum

snapshot /ˈsnæpʃɒt/ n
migawka
A glimpse of something

snare /snɛə/ /snɛəɹ/ /snɛɹ/ n
sidło pułapka sidła
trap
werbel
music: type of drum

snare drum n
werbel
tubular drum

snarky /ˈsnɑɹ.ki/ /ˈsnɑː.ki/ adj
cięty kąśliwy
sarcastic and irreverent

snarl /ˈsnɑː(ɹ)l/ n
węzeł
knot or complication of hair, thread, or the like, difficult to disentangle
warczenie warknięcie
act of snarling

snarl /ˈsnɑː(ɹ)l/ v
zaplątywać się
to entangle
odburkiwać odwarkiwać
To speak crossly
warczeć
To growl

snatch /snæt͡ʃ/ n
rwanie
competitive weightlifting event

snath /snæθ/ n
kosisko stylisko
shaft of a scythe

sneak up v
skradać się
to sneak up on

sneaker /ˈsnikɚ/ n
adidas tenisówki trampek
leisure shoes, often worn for sports; trainers

sneer /snɪə̯/ /snɪɚ̯/ v
drwić kpić szydzić
to mock with a grimace

sneeze /sniːz/ n
kichnięcie
act of sneezing

sneeze /sniːz/ v
kichać kichnąć
expel air as a reflex

sneezewort n
krwawnik kichawiec
Achillea ptarmica

snicker /ˈsnɪk.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈsnɪkɚ/ n
chichot
stifled laugh

snicker /ˈsnɪk.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈsnɪkɚ/ v
chichotać
to emit a snicker

sniff /snəf/ /snɪf/ v
niuchać pociągać nosem węszyć
to make a short audible inhalation
wybrzydzać
to be dismissive or contemptuous

sniff out v
wywęszyć
find something using smell

sniffer n
sniffer
a mechanism for intercepting and logging network traffic

snip /snɪp/ v
ciachać ciachnąć
to cut with short sharp actions

snipe /snaɪp/ n
kszyk bekas bekas kszyk
bird of the family Scolopacidae

sniper /ˈsnaɪ.pɚ/ n
snajper strzelec wyborowy
a person using long-range small arms for precise attacks from a concealed position

snippet /ˈsnɪpɪt/ [ˈsnɪpɪ̈(ʔ)t̚] n
fragment skrawek strzęp
a tiny piece or part

snitch /snɪt͡ʃ/ n
kapuś donosiciel
informer, one who betrays his group
kinol nochal
nose
złodziej
thief

snob /snɑb/ /snɒb/ n
snob
person who seeks to be a member of the upper classes

snobbery n
snobizm
the property or trait of being a snob

snobbishness n
snobizm
state or quality

snog /snɒɡ/ v
migdalić się uderzać w ślinę
slang: kiss passionately

snooker /ˈsnuːkə(ɹ)/ /ˈsnʊkɚ/ n
snooker
cue sport

snoop /snuːp/ v
szpiegować węszyć
to secretly spy on or investigate, especially into the private personal life of others

snooze /snuːz/ n
drzemka
A period of sleep; a nap

snooze /snuːz/ v
zdrzemnąć się

snooze button n
przycisk drzemki

snore /sno(ː)ɹ/ /snoə/ /snɔɹ/ /snɔː/ v
chrapać
breathe during sleep with harsh noises

snoring /ˈsnɔːɹɪŋ/ n
chrapanie
action or sound

snorkel n
fajka rurka
hollow tube used for breathing underwater

snort /snɔɹt/ v
parskać fyrkać fyrknąć parsknąć prychać prychnąć
to exhale roughly through the nose

snot /snɒt/ n
gnojek gnój gołowąs grzdyl gówniak gówniarz
contemptible child
smark smarki
mucus

snot-nosed adj
smarkacz
young and arrogant

snotnose n
smarkacz smarkaczka
one who is snot-nosed

snout /snaʊt/ /snʌʊt/ n
ryj
long, projecting nose, mouth, and jaw of a beast
nose of a man (in contempt)

snow /snoʊ/ /snəʊ/ [snoʊ̯] [snəʊ̯] n
koka śnieg
cocaine
opad śniegu śniegopad
collective precipitation
śnieg
precipitation
TV noise
śnieżnobiały
colour

snow /snoʊ/ /snəʊ/ [snoʊ̯] [snəʊ̯] v
śnieżyć prószyć sypać śnieg pada
have snow fall from the sky

snow bunting n
śnieguła śnieguła zwyczajna śnieżka
bird

snow cannon n
armatka śnieżna
machine that spurts out snow over pistes

snow cover n
pokrywa śnieżna
snow cover

snow globe n
śnieżna kula
decorative object

snow goose n
śnieżyca duża gęś śnieżna
Chen caerulescens

snow groomer n
ratrak
snow groomer

snow leopard n
pantera śnieżna irbis irbis śnieżny
a large feline mammal, Panthera uncia

snow pea n
groch cukrowy
cultivar of pea

snow-capped adj
ośnieżony zaśnieżony
covered with snow at the top

snow-covered adj
zaśnieżony
covered with snow

snow-white adj
śnieżnobiały
as white as snow

snowball /ˈsnoʊbɑl/ /ˈsnoʊbɔl/ /ˈsnəʊbɔːl/ n
kulka śniegowa śnieżka kulka śnieżna
ball of snow

snowball effect n
efekt kuli śnieżnej
accelerating growth

snowball fight n
śnieżki
play fight

snowball's chance in hell n
zobaczyć jak świnia niebo
Little or no likelihood of occurrence or success

snowbird /ˈsnoʊbɝːd/ /ˈsnəʊbɜːd/ n
junko zwyczajny
dark-eyed junco

snowboard /ˈsnoʊˌbɔɹd/ /ˈsnəʊˌbɔːd/ n
deska snowboardowa snowboard
board

snowboarding n
snowboard
the sport of sliding downhill on a snowboard

snowboot n
śniegowiec
a water-resistant type of footwear

snowcat n
ratrak
vehicle

snowdrift /ˈsnəʊdɹɪft/ n
zaspa zaspa śnieżna
bank of snow

snowdrop /ˈsnoʊ.dɹɑp/ /ˈsnəʊ.dɹɒp/ n
przebiśnieg śnieżyczka śnieżyczka przebiśnieg
plant

snowfall /ˈsnoʊfɔːl/ n
opad śniegu
instance of falling of snow

snowflake /ˈsnoʊ.fleɪk/ /ˈsnəʊ.fleɪk/ n
płatek śniegu śnieżynka
crystal
śnieżyca
flower of the genus Leucojum

snowless adj
bezśnieżny
without snow

snowman /ˈsnoʊ.mæn/ /ˈsnəʊ.mæn/ n
bałwan
figure made of snow

snowmanlike adj
bałwaniasty bałwanisty bałwanowy

snowmobile n
skuter śnieżny motor śnieżny
vehicle

snowplow n
odśnieżarka pług śnieżny
vehicle

snowshoe /ˈsnoʊʃu/ n
rakieta śnieżna
flat footwear worn to facilitate walking in deep snow

snowstorm /ˈsnəʊstɔːm/ n
zamieć zawieja śnieżyca
bad weather involving blowing winds and snow

snowwoman n
bałwanica

snowy /snəʊi/ adj
śnieżny
marked by snow

snowy owl n
sowa śnieżna
large white owl

snub /snʌb/ n
awania obraza
deliberate affront or slight

snub-nosed monkey n
rokselana
monkey of genus Rhinopithecus

snuffbox n
tabakiera tabakierka
small box

snug as a bug in a rug adj
jak u Pana Boga za piecem
very cosy and comfortable

so /soʊ/ /səʊ/ adj
aby żeby
in order that
tak
in a particular manner
very
tak więc cóż, więc no no i zatem
interjection used to introduce a new topic
tak aż
to a particular extent
więc dlatego przeto tak że toteż zatem
with the result that

so be it phraseologicalUnit
niech będzie
indication of acceptance

so far adv
dotychczas dotąd
until now; previously; yet

so help me God phraseologicalUnit
tak mi dopomóż Bóg
phrase used as a promise that an action will be carried out

so many adj
aż tyle
very numerous
tyle
a certain number

so much adj
aż tyle
to such a quantity or degree

so much as adv
choćby
even

so much for phraseologicalUnit
tyle z
an expression of dismissiveness or resignation

so much so conjunction
aż na tyle

so much the better phraseologicalUnit
tym lepiej
that is or would be even better

so that conjunction
żeby aby ażeby by
in order to

so to speak adv
że tak powiem jakby w pewnym sensie
in a manner of speaking

so what interjection
i co z tego?
reply of indifference

so-and-so n
taki owaki
name used to take the place of an epithet

so-called /ˈsoʊˌkɔld/ /ˈsəʊˌkɔːld/ adj
tak zwany tzw.
so named, but wrongly so
so named

so-so /ˈsəʊˌsəʊ/ /ˌsəʊˈsəʊ/ adj
tak sobie średnio
neither good nor bad

soak /soʊk/ /səʊk/ v
przemaczać się przemoczyć się przesiąknąć
to be saturated with liquid by being immersed in it
przemaczać przemoczyć
to immerse in liquid to the point of saturation or thorough permeation

soaked /səʊkt/ adj
namokły przemoczony przemoknięty przemokły przesiąknięty zmoknięty
drenched

soaking wet adj
mokry jak gnój
extremely wet

soap /soʊp/ /səʊp/ n
mydło
substance

soap /soʊp/ /səʊp/ v
mydlić
apply soap in washing

soap bubble n
bańka mydlana
sphere of soap water
anything attractive but unsubstantial

soap dish n
mydelniczka
a container for soap

soap opera n
opera mydlana telenowela
television serial

soapery n
fabryka mydła
factory making soap

soapmaker n
mydlarz
maker of soap

soapstone n
steatyt
soft rock

soapwort n
mydlnica
herb

soapy /ˈsoʊpi/ /ˈsəʊpi/ adj
mydlany
full of soap

soar /so(ː)ɹ/ /soə/ /sɔɹ/ /sɔː/ n
wznoszenie
upward flight

soar /so(ː)ɹ/ /soə/ /sɔɹ/ /sɔː/ v
poszybować szybować
to fly aloft with little effort
wzbijać się wzbić się
to mount upward on wings
wzlatywać wzlecieć
to rise rapidly or high

sob /sɑb/ /sɒb/ n
szloch szlochanie łkanie
a cry with a short, sudden expulsion of breath

sob /sɑb/ /sɒb/ v
szlochać łkać
weep with convulsive gasps

sob story n
łzawa historyjka
sad story

sober /ˈsoʊ.bɚ/ /ˈsəʊ.bə(ɹ)/ adj
trzeźwy
not drunk
moderate

sober as a judge adj
trzeźwy jak świnia
completely sober

sober up v
trzeźwieć wytrzeźwieć
to become sober

sobriquet /ˈsoʊ.bɹɪ.keɪ/ /ˈsoʊ.bɹɪ.kɛt/ /ˈsəʊ.bɹɪ.keɪ/ n
przydomek przezwisko
familiar name for a person or thing

soccer /ˈsɑk.ɚ/ /ˈsɒk.ə/ n
piłka nożna futbol gała noga
game

soccer ball n
piłka nożna
ball that is designed for use in the sport of soccer

sociable /ˈsoʊʃəbəl/ adj
towarzyski
tending to socialize or be social; friendly; inviting; congenial

sociable lapwing n
czajka towarzyska
Vanellus gregarius

social /ˈsoʊ.ʃəl/ /ˈsəʊ.ʃəl/ adj
społeczny
relating to society
towarzyski
extroverted or outgoing

social Darwinism n
darwinizm społeczny socjodarwinizm
theory

social anxiety n
lęk społeczny
discomfort or fear in social situation

social capital n
kapitał społeczny
goodwill

social climber n
karierowicz karierowiczka
one who tries to improve his or her social position

social conditioning n
uwarunkowanie społeczne

social construct n
konstrukt społeczny
social convention or perception

social contract n
umowa społeczna
agreement or contract

social democracy n
socjaldemokracja esdecja socjaldemokratyzm
moderate left-wing political philosophy

social democrat n
socjaldemokrata esdek socjaldemokratka
supporter of social democracy

social democratic adj
esdecki socjaldemokratyczny
of or pertaining to social democracy

social distancing /ˈsoʊʃəl ˌdɪstən(t)sɪŋ/ /ˈsəʊʃəl ˌdɪstən(t)sɪŋ/ n
dystansowanie społeczne
practice of maintaining physical distance between people to reduce the spread of communicable diseases

social housing n
mieszkania socjalne
affordable housing provided by public authorities or non-profit organizations

social insect n
owad społeczny
insects which live socially

social ladder n
drabina społeczna

social life n
randkowanie
dating
życie społeczne
interpersonal relationships
życie towarzyskie
those public activities performed in association with others

social media n
media społecznościowe social media
applications or websites allowing users to communicate

social movement n
ruch społeczny

social network n
sieć społeczna
network of personal or business contacts
sieć społecznościowa
social network service on the Internet

social security n
opieka społeczna pomoc społeczna
system

social skills n
umiejętności społeczne
personal skills of social communication and interaction

social status n
pozycja społeczna status społeczny
honor or prestige attached to one's position in society

social studies n
wiedza o społeczeństwie
study of various subjects

social welfare n
opieka społeczna pomoc społeczna
provision of support

social worker n
pracownik socjalny
person whose profession is social work

socialism /ˈsoʊʃəlɪzəm/ /ˈsəʊʃəlɪzəm/ n
socjalizm
political philosophy of social and economic equality
group of socialist political philosophies
intermediate phase of social development

socialist /ˈsoʊ.ʃə.lɪst/ /ˈsəʊʃəlɪst/ adj
socjalistyczny socjalista
Of, relating to, supporting, or advocating socialism

socialist /ˈsoʊ.ʃə.lɪst/ /ˈsəʊʃəlɪst/ n
socjalista socjalistka
one who supports or advocates socialism

socialist realism n
realizm socjalistyczny socrealizm
art style

socialistic adj
socjalistyczny
relating to socialism

socialistically adv
socjalistycznie
socialistically

socialite /ˈsoʊʃəˌlaɪt/ n
lew salonowy lwica salonowa
person of prominence and influence

socialization n
socjalizacja
sociology: the process of learning one’s culture

socialize v
socjalizować
to take into collective or governmental ownership

societal [səˈsaɪ.ə.tɫ̩] [səˈsaɪ.ə.ɾɫ̩] [səˈsaɪ.ɪ.tɫ̩] [səˈsɑɪ.ə.tɫ̩] [səˈsɑɪ.ə.ɾɫ̩] adj
społeczny
societal

society /səˈsaɪ.ə.ti/ n
społeczeństwo
group of people sharing culture
społeczeństwo naród
people of one’s country or community as a whole
stowarzyszenie towarzystwo
group of persons who meet from time to time to engage in a common interest

socio-political adj
socjopolityczny
of or pertaining to a combination of social and political factors

sociobiology n
biosocjologia socjobiologia
science that applies the principles of evolutionary biology to the study of social behaviour

sociocultural adj
społeczno-kulturalny
of both society and culture

sociolect /-si-/ /-sɪ-/ /ˈsoʊ.ʃi.əˌlɛkt/ /ˈsoʊ.ʃəˌlɛkt/ /ˈsəʊ.ʃə(ʊ).lɛkt/ /ˈsəʊ.ʃɪ.ə(ʊ).lɛkt/ n
socjolekt
variant of language used by a social group

sociolinguistic variable n
czynnik socjolingwistyczny

sociolinguistics /ˌsoʊsi.oʊlɪŋˈɡwɪstɪks/ /ˌsəʊsi.əʊlɪŋˈɡwɪstɪks/ /ˌsəʊʃjəʊlɪŋˈɡwɪstɪks/ n
socjolingwistyka
the study of social and cultural effects on language

sociological adj
socjologiczny
of or pertaining to sociology

sociologically adv
socjologicznie
sociologically

sociologist n
socjolog socjolożka
scientist studying the field of sociology

sociology /ˌsəʊsiːˈɒlədʒiː/ /ˌsəʊʃiːˈɒlədʒiː/ n
socjologia
study of society, human social interactions, etc.

sociopath /ˈsoʊ.si.oʊˌpæθ/ /ˈsoʊ.si.əˌpæθ/ n
socjopata socjopatka
person with antisocial personality disorder

sociopathic adj
socjopatyczny
having the characteristics of a sociopath

sociopathology n
socjopatologia

sociopathy /ˈsoʊ.si.əˌpæθi/ /ˈsoʊ.ʃi.əˌpæθi/ n
socjopatia
personality disorder

sock /sɑk/ /sɒk/ n
skarpeta skarpetka
covering for the foot

socket /ˈsɑkɪt/ /ˈsɒkɪt/ n
gniazdko gniazdko elektryczne
mechanical opening
gniazdo
computing interprocess communication channel
oczodół panewka
hollow in a bone

sockeye salmon n
nerka
Oncorhynchus nerka

sod /sɑd/ /sɒd/ /sɔd/ n
darń
stratum of soil
turf grown for establishment of lawn

soda /ˈsoʊdə/ /ˈsəʊdə/ n
napój gazowany
sweet, carbonated drink
soda węglan sodu
sodium carbonate
sodówka woda gazowana woda sodowa
carbonated water

soda bread n
chleb sodowy
bread made using sour milk and baking soda

soda siphon n
syfon
bottle of soda water

soda water n
sodówka woda gazowana woda sodowa
water with carbon dioxide

sodalite /ˈsoʊ.dəˌlaɪt/ n
sodalit
mineral

sodden /ˈsɑ.dən/ /ˈsɒ.dən/ adj
podmokły przesiąknięty
soaked

sodium /ˈsoʊ.di.əm/ /ˈsəʊ.dɪəm/ n
sód
reactive metal

sodium benzoate n
benzoesan sodu
the sodium salt of benzoic acid

sodium bicarbonate n
soda soda oczyszczona
used as a raising agent
wodorowęglan sodu
salt of sodium hydroxide and carbonic acid

sodium carbonate n
węglan sodu soda
Na₂CO₃

sodium chloride n
chlorek sodu
chemical term for table salt; NaCl

sodium hydroxide n
wodorotlenek sodu
caustic alkali

sodium pump n
pompa sodowa
transport of sodium ions across membranes

sodium sulfate n
siarczan sodu
Na₂SO₄

sodium thiosulfate n
antychlor
inorganic compound used in iodometry, photographic processing, gold extraction, etc.

sodium vapor lamp n
lampa sodowa sodówka
type of street lamp

sodomise /ˈsɒdəmaɪz/ v
uprawiać seks analny
to engage in anal sex

sodomite n
sodomita
one who practices sodomy

sodomy /ˈsɒdəmi/ n
sodomia
sex held to be unnatural

sofa /ˈsoʊfə/ /ˈsəʊfə/ n
kanapa sofa
upholstered seat

sofa-bed /ˈsoʊfəbɛd/ n
wersalka
sofa that unfolds into a bed

soffit /ˈsɑ.fɪt/ /ˈsɒf.ɪt/ n
podbicie
visible underside of an arch, balcony, beam, cornice, staircase, vault or any other architectural element

soft /sæft/ /sɑft/ /sɒft/ /sɔft/ /sɔːft/ adj
miękki
easily giving way under pressure
of cloth or similar material: smooth and flexible; not rough, rugged, or harsh
of water: low in dissolved calcium compounds
łagodny cichy

soft cheese n
ser miękki
A standard type of infirm and little-ripened cheese

soft drink n
napój gazowany
sweet, non-alcoholic carbonated beverage

soft palate n
podniebienie miękkie
tissue

soft power n
siła
political influence that is extended by means of diplomacy, international assistance, cultural exchanges, etc.

soft return n
miękki enter

soft serve n
lody włoskie
frozen dessert

soft sign /ˌsɒftˈsaɪn/ /ˌsɔftˈsaɪn/ n
miękki znak
Cyrillic letter Ь/ь

soft skill n
umiejętności miękkie
personal skill that is usually interpersonal, non-specialized, and difficult to quantify

soft spot /sɑft spɑt/ /sɒft spɒt/ /sɔft spɑt/ /sɔft spɔt/ /sɔːft spɒt/ n
czułe miejsce
sentimental fondness or affection

soft toy n
maskotka pluszak przytulanka
toy made of a soft material

soft-boiled adj
na miękko
of an egg

softball n
softball
game

soften /ˈsɑf(t)ən/ /ˈsɒfən/ /ˈsɔf(t)ən/ v
mięknąć zmięknąć
(intransitive) To become soft or softer
zmiękczać zmiękczyć
(transitive) To make something soft or softer

softhearted adj
mieć miękkie serce
gentle

softly /ˈsɑftli/ /ˈsɒftli/ /ˈsɔftli/ adv
cicho
not loudly, inaudible
delikatnie
softly, gently

software /ˈsɑftˌwɛɹ/ /ˈsɒf(t)ˌwɛə/ /ˈsɔf(t)ˌweː/ /ˈsɔftˌwɛɹ/ n
oprogramowanie software
encoded computer instructions

soil /sɔɪl̩/ [sɔɪ̯ɫ̩] n
gleba grunt
unconsolidated mineral or organic material on the immediate surface of the earth
ziemia
mineral or organic material serving as a natural medium for the growth of land plants
country or territory
ziemia gleba
mixture of sand and organic material

soil /sɔɪl̩/ [sɔɪ̯ɫ̩] v
brudzić
to make dirty

soil oneself v
zesrać się
to defecate on oneself accidentally

soil science n
gleboznawstwo
scientific study of soil

soil scientist n
gleboznawca
scientist who studies soil as a component of natural and man-made systems

soilless adj
bezglebowy
not using or containing soil

sojourn /soʊˈd͡ʒɝn/ /ˈsoʊd͡ʒɚn/ /ˈsɒd͡ʒən/ /ˈsɒd͡ʒɜːn/ /ˈsəʊd͡ʒɜːn/ n
pobyt
short stay somewhere

sokha n
socha
Russian wooden plough

sol /sɑl/ /sɒl/ /sɔl/ n
zol
type of colloid in which a solid is dispersed in a liquid

solace /ˈsɑ.lɪs/ /ˈsɒl.ɪs/ /ˈsɔl.ɪs/ n
pociecha
consolation
source of comfort

solace /ˈsɑ.lɪs/ /ˈsɒl.ɪs/ /ˈsɔl.ɪs/ v
przynosić pociechę
to give solace to

solanine n
solanina
poisonous glycoalkaloid found in many species of nightshade

solar /ˈsoʊlɚ/ /ˈsəʊlə/ adj
słoneczny solarny
of or pertaining to the sun

solar battery n
bateria słoneczna
battery with solar cell

solar eclipse /ˈsoʊlɚ ɪˈklɪps/ /ˈsəʊlə ɪˈklɪps/ n
zaćmienie Słońca
when the Moon passes between the Earth and the sun

solar flare n
rozbłysk słoneczny
violent explosion

solar panel n
panel fotowoltaiczny
array of connected solar cells

solar system /ˈsoʊ.lɚ ˌsɪs.təm/ /ˈsəʊl.ə ˌsɪs.təm/ n
układ słoneczny
any collection of heavenly bodies orbiting a star

solar wind n
wiatr słoneczny
outflow of charged particles from the solar corona into space

solastalgia /ˌsɒləsˈtæld͡ʒə/ n
solastalgia
form of homesickness

solder /ˈsoʊ.dɚ/ /ˈsɑd.ɚ/ /ˈsɒl.də(ɹ)/ /ˈsɔ.dɚ/ /ˈsəʊl.də(ɹ)/ n
cyna lut spoiwo lutownicze
any of various alloys that are used to join small pieces of metal together

solder /ˈsoʊ.dɚ/ /ˈsɑd.ɚ/ /ˈsɒl.də(ɹ)/ /ˈsɔ.dɚ/ /ˈsəʊl.də(ɹ)/ v
lutować
to join with solder

soldering iron n
lutownica
tool

soldier /ˈsoʊld͡ʒɚ/ /ˈsɒld͡ʒə/ /ˈsəʊld͡ʒə/ n
żołnierz wojak sołdat woj żołdak
member of an army

soldier of fortune n
najemnik
mercenary

sole /soʊl/ /sɐʉl/ /səʊl/ [sɒʊɫ] adj
jedyny
only

sole /soʊl/ /sɐʉl/ /səʊl/ [sɒʊɫ] n
podeszwa
bottom of the foot
podeszwa zelówka
bottom of a shoe or boot
sola
fish

sole /soʊl/ /sɐʉl/ /səʊl/ [sɒʊɫ] v
zelować
put a sole on (a shoe or boot)

sole proprietorship n
jednoosobowa działalność gospodarcza
business

solecism /ˈsoʊlɪsɪzəm/ /ˈsɑləsɪzəm/ /ˈsɒlɪsɪzəm/ [ˈsoʊlɨsɪzəm] n
solecyzm uchybienie gramatyczne
error in the use of language

solely /ˈsoʊl.li/ /ˈsəʊl.li/ adv
wyłącznie
exclusively

solemn /ˈsɑləm/ /ˈsɒləm/ adj
uroczysty
characterized by or performed with appropriate or great ceremony or formality

solemnly /ˈsɑləmli/ /ˈsɒləmli/ adv
uroczyście
in a solemn manner

solenoid /ˈsoʊlɪnɔɪd/ /ˈsɒlɪnɔɪd/ n
solenoid
coil of wire

soleus /səʊˈliː.əs/ /səˈliː.əs/ /ˈsoʊ.li.əs/ n
mięsień płaszczkowaty
muscle

solfège /sɒlˈfeɪʒ/ /sɒlˈfɛʒ/ n
solfeż
method of sight singing

solicit /səˈlɪsɪt/ v
nagabywać
(obsolete, rare in English) to disturb or trouble; to harass

solicitor /səˈlɪstə/ /səˈlɪsɪtə/ /səˈlɪsɪtɚ/ n
adwokat adwokatka
lawyer whose role has merged with that of a barrister
akwizytor akwizytorka
person soliciting sales
radca prawny
lawyer offering legal services to clients apart from acting as court advocate

solid /ˈsɑ.lɪd/ /ˈsɒl.ɪd/ adj
jednolity
of one color
masywny
large, massive
rzetelny
lacking errors or inconsistencies
solidny
strong, unyielding (as of foundations etc)
stały
in the solid state
sycący
extremely filling
łączny
typography: written as one word

solid /ˈsɑ.lɪd/ /ˈsɒl.ɪd/ n
bryła
geometry: three-dimensional object
ciało stałe
chemistry: fundamental state of matter

solid angle n
kąt bryłowy
three-dimensional analog of an angle

solidarity /ˌsɑ.ləˈdæɹ.ti/ /ˌsɑ.ləˈdæɹ.ə.ti/ /ˌsɒl.ɪˈdæɹ.ti/ /ˌsɒl.ɪˈdæɹ.ə.ti/ /ˌsɔl.əˈdæɹ.ə.ti/ [ˌsɑ.ləˈdæɹ.ɾi] [ˌsɔl.əˈdæɹ.ə.ɾi] n
solidarność
unifying bond between individuals with common goal or enemy
psychological or material support

solidary adj
solidarny
having community of interests

soliloquy /səˈlɪləkwi/ n
solilokwium
act of a character speaking to himself

solipsism /ˈsɑlɪpsɪzm/ n
solipsyzm
theory

solipsist adj
solipsystyczny
pertaining to solipsism

solipsist n
solipsysta solipsystka
One who adheres to self-absorption and an ignorance of the views or needs of others.

solitary /ˈsɑlɪtɛɹi/ /ˈsɒlɪtɹi/ adj
odludny
not much visited or frequented; remote from society
pojedynczy
single; individual; sole
samotny
performed, passed, or endured alone
samotny samodzielny
living alone or being by oneself

solitary /ˈsɑlɪtɛɹi/ /ˈsɒlɪtɹi/ n
odludek samotnik
one who lives alone

solitary confinement n
karcer
forced isolation

solitary sandpiper n
brodziec ciemnorzytny
Tringa solitaria

soliton n
soliton
self-reinforcing travelling wave

solitude /ˈsɑlɪˌtud/ /ˈsɒlɪˌtjuːd/ n
samotność
state of being alone

solo /ˈsoʊ.loʊ/ /ˈsəʊ.ləʊ/ adj
solo
without a companion or instructor

solo /ˈsoʊ.loʊ/ /ˈsəʊ.ləʊ/ n
solo solówka
piece of music for one

soloist n
solista solistka
a person who performs a solo

solonchak n
sołonczak
soil type

solstice /ˈsoʊl.stɪs/ /ˈsɑl.stɪs/ /ˈsɒl.stɪs/ /ˈsəʊl.stɪs/ n
przesilenie
point where the earth stands at the extreme of its ellipsis around the sun

soluble [ˈsɔɫ.jʊ.bəɫ] adj
rozpuszczalny
able to be dissolved
rozwiązywalny

solution /səˈl(j)uːʃən/ n
roztwór rozwiązanie
liquid mixture
rozwiązanie roztwór
answer to a problem (mathematics)
an act, plan or other means, used or proposed, to solve a problem.

solve /sɑlv/ /sɒlv/ /sɔlv/ v
rozwiązywać rozwiązać
to find an answer or solution

solvent [ˈsɒlvənt] adj
wypłacalny
able to pay all debts

solvent [ˈsɒlvənt] n
rozpuszczalnik
liquid that dissolves a solid, liquid, or gaseous solute

solventless adj
bezrozpuszczalnikowy

solyanka n
solanka
a thick, spicy and sour soup in Russian and Ukrainian cuisine

soma /ˈsoʊmə/ /ˈsəʊmə/ n
soma
axial portion of an animal

somatic sensory cortex n
kora czuciowa kora somatosensoryczna

somatosensory adj
somatosensoryczny

sombre /ˈsɑmbɚ/ /ˈsɒmbə/ adj
ponury posępny
melancholy; dismal

sombre tit n
sikora żałobna
Poecile lugubris

sombrero /soʊmˈbɹɛɹ.oʊ/ /sɑmˈbɹɛɹ.oʊ/ /səmˈbɹɛɹ.oʊ/ n
sombrero
hat

some /sɐm/ /səm/ /sʊm/ /sʌm/ [säm] [sɐm] determiner
jakiś
certain, unspecified or unknown
kilka
unspecified quantity or number of
considerable quantity or number of
niektóre niektórzy
certain proportion of
trochę
unspecified amount of

some /sɐm/ /səm/ /sʊm/ /sʌm/ [säm] [sɐm] pronoun
kilka trochę
indefinite quantity or number
trochę
indefinite amount, part

some time n
jakiś czas
a period of some length

somebody /ˈsʌmbɑdi/ /ˈsʌmbədi/ /ˈsʌmbədɪ/ /ˈsʌmbʌdi/ pronoun
ktoś
some unspecified person

somebody's pronoun
czyjś

someday adv
kiedyś któregoś dnia
sometime; at some time in the future

somehow /ˈsʌmhaʊ/ adv
jakoś
in one way or another; in some way not yet known or designated

someone /ˈsʌmwʌn/ pronoun
ktoś
some person

someone else pronoun
ktoś inny
some other person

someone's pronoun
czyjś

someone's jaw dropped phraseologicalUnit
komu opadła szczęka
expression of someone's surprise

somersault /ˈsʌmə(ɹ)ˌsɑlt/ /ˈsʌmə(ɹ)ˌsɒlt/ /ˈsʌmə(ɹ)ˌsɔːlt/ n
salto koziołek
the act of going head over heels

something /ˈsʌm.θɪŋ/ [sʌˑɪŋ] [sʌ̃ː] [ˈsɐm̥(p)θɪŋ] [ˈsʌ(m)ʔm̩] [ˈsʌm̥(p)θɪŋ] [ˈsʌn̪̥θɪŋ] [ˈsʌɾ̃ɪŋ] pronoun
coś
talent that is hard to pin down
unspecified object
somebody who is superlative in some way

something is rotten in the state of Denmark phraseologicalUnit
źle się dzieje w państwie duńskim
Hamlet quotation, used in other contexts to mean "something is not right"

something or other n
cośtam
something unspecified or indeterminate

sometime /ˈsʌmˌtaɪm/ adv
kiedyś
at an indefinite but stated time in the past or future

sometimes /ˈsʌmtaɪmz/ adv
czasami czasem niekiedy od czasu do czasu
on certain occasions, but not always

somewhat /ˈsʌmwɒt/ /ˈsʌmwʌt/ adv
dość nieco niejako poniekąd trochę
limited extent

somewhen adv
kiedyś
at some time; indefinitely; some time or other, sometime

somewhence adv
skądś
from somewhere

somewhere /ˈsʌm.hweːɹ/ /ˈsʌm.wɛə/ /ˈsʌm.wɛɹ/ /ˈsʌm.wɛː/ /ˈsʌm.ʍɛə/ /ˈsʌm.ʍɛɹ/ adv
dokądś gdzieś
to some place
gdzieś dokądś
in some place

somewhere else adv
gdzie indziej
in or at some other place
gdzie indziej indziej
to some other place

somewhy /ˈsʌmwai/ /ˈsʌmʍai/ adv
jakoś
for some reason

sommelier /ˌsɒmˈmɛli.ə/ /ˌsɔməlˈjeɪ/ /ˌsɔːməlˈjeɪ/ n
kiper sommelier
wine steward / stewardess, wine waiter / waitress

somnambulate /sɑmˈnæm.bjuˌleɪt/ /sɑmˈnæm.bjəˌleɪt/ /sɒmˈnæm.bjʊ.leɪt/ /səmˈnæm.bjəˌleɪt/ v
lunatykować
to walk while sleeping

somnambulism /sɒmˈnæmbjʊlɪzəm/ n
somnambulizm
sleepwalking

somnambulist [sɒmˈnæmbjʊlɪst] n
lunatyczka lunatyk somnambuliczka somnambulik
a sleepwalker

son /sɒn/ /sʌn/ n
syn
male descendant
a son through major influence
a son through close relationship
familiar address
syn pasierb
an adopted son
syn synek
a male person in relation to his parents

son of a bitch interjection
kurwa
to express anger, contempt etc.

son of a bitch n
sukinsyn skurwysyn
objectionable person

son of a gun interjection
skurczybyk
euphemism

son of a whore n
sukinsyn
objectionable person

son-in-law /ˈsʌnɪnˌlɔː/ n
zięć
son-in-law

sonar /ˈsoʊ.nɑːɹ/ n
asdic azdyk sonar
device

sonata /soʊˈneɪtə/ /səˈnɑːtə/ n
sonata
a musical composition for one or a few instruments

sonata form n
forma sonatowa
a form of classical music

sonatina n
sonatina
piece resembling a sonata but shorter or simpler

song /sɑŋ/ /sɒŋ/ /sɔŋ/ n
piosenka pieśń
music with words
sound of another animal
śpiew
the act or art of singing

song sparrow n
szarobrewka śpiewna
Melospiza melodia

song thrush n
drozd śpiewak
song thrush

songbird /ˈsɑŋˌbɝd/ /ˈsɒŋˌbɜːd/ /ˈsɔŋˌbɝd/ n
ptak śpiewający
bird

songbook n
śpiewnik
book

songster /ˈsɒŋstə(ɹ)/ n
pieśniarz piewca pieśniarka
man who sings songs

songstress /ˈsɑŋɡ.stɹɪs/ n
śpiewaczka
a female singer

songwriter n
kompozytor tekściarz
someone who writes the lyrics and usually the music of songs

sonic /ˈsɒnɪk/ adj
dźwiękowy
of or relating to sound

sonic boom n
grom dźwiękowy
the audible effect of a shock wave in the air

sonless adj
bezsynny

sonly adj
synowski
of, pertaining to, or characteristic of a son

sonnet /ˈsɒnɪt/ /ˈsʌnɪt/ n
sonet
verse form consisting of fourteen lines

sonny /ˈsʌni/ n
synek
a familiar form of address for a boy

sonorant /səˈnɔːɹ(ə)nt/ /ˈsɒn(ə)ɹ(ə)nt/ n
sonorant spółgłoska zwarto-otwarta
speech sound

sonorous /ˈsoʊ.nə.ɹəs/ /ˈsɑːn.ɚ.əs/ /ˈsɒn.əɹ.əs/ adj
donośny
capable of giving out a deep resonant sound
dźwięczny
full of sound and rich, as in language or verse
górnolotny
wordy or grandiloquent

soon /sun/ /suːn/ adv
wkrótce niedługo
within a short time

sooner or later adv
prędzej czy później
set phrase; eventually

soot /suːt/ /sʊt/ /sʌt/ n
sadza kopeć
fine black or dull brown particles

soothe /suːð/ v
koić ukoić uspokajać uspokoić
to ease or relieve pain
łagodzić
to restore to ease

soothing /ˈsuːðɪŋ/ adj
kojący uspokajający
Giving relief
uspokajający
Tending to soothe

soothingly adv
uspokajająco łagodnie
in a soothing manner

soothsayer /ˈsuːθˌseɪə(ɹ)/ n
wieszczek prorok wieszcz
one who predicts the future

sooty-headed bulbul n
bilbil złotoplamy
Pycnonotus goiavier

sophism n
sofizm sofizmat
flawed argument superficially correct in its reasoning, usually designed to deceive

sophisticated adj
obyty
having obtained worldly experience
skomplikowany złożony
complicated, especially of technology
wymyślny wyrafinowany wyszukany
appealing to the tastes of an intellectual

sophistication /səˌfɪs.tɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/ n
finezja wyrafinowanie
complexity
obycie wyrobienie
cultivated intellectual worldliness; savoir-faire
zaawansowanie
enlightenment or education

sophistry /ˈsɑ.fɪ.stɹi/ /ˈsɒ.fɪ.stɹi/ n
sofistyka
plausible yet fallacious argumentations or reasoning
an argument that seems plausible, but is fallacious or misleading

soporific /ˌsoʊ.pəˈɹɪf.ɪk/ /ˌsɑp.əˈɹɪf.ɪk/ /ˌsɒp.əˈɹɪf.ɪk/ /ˌsəʊ.pəˈɹɪf.ɪk/ n
środek nasenny
sleep inducing agent

sora n
kureczka karolińska
Porzana carolina

sorbet /sɔɹˈbeɪ/ /ˈsɔːbeɪ/ n
sorbet
frozen fruit juice

sorcerer /ˈsɔɹ.sɚ.ɚ/ /ˈsɔːsəɹə(ɹ)/ n
czarodziej czarownik
magician/wizard drawing upon natural powers

sorcerer's apprentice n
uczennica czarnoksiężnika uczeń czarnoksiężnika

sorceress n
czarownica czarodziejka zamawiaczka
female wizard

sorcery /ˈsɔɹ.sə.ɹi/ /ˈsɔː.sə.ɹi/ n
czarnoksięstwo czarna magia czary magia
magical power

sore /so(ː)ɹ/ /soə/ /sɔɹ/ /sɔː/ adj
bolący obolały
causing pain

sore loser n
osoba nieumiejąca przegrywać przegrana przegrany
one who is easily angered by losing

sore throat n
ból gardła
symptom

sorghum /ˈsɔ(ɹ).ɡəm/ n
sorgo
cereal

sororal /səˈɹɔːɹəl/ adj
siostrzany
of or pertaining to a sister

sororal nephew n
siostrzeniec
sister’s son

sororal niece n
siostrzenica
sister’s daughter

sororicide n
siostrobójstwo
killing of one’s sister
siostrobójca siostrobójczyni
sister killer

sorority n
korporacja studentek
social organization of female students at a college or university
stowarzyszenie kobiet
group of women or girls associated for a common purpose

sorrel /ˈsɒɹəl/ /ˈsɔɹəl/ adj
gniady
colour

sorrel /ˈsɒɹəl/ /ˈsɔɹəl/ n
szczaw
plant

sorrow /ˈsɑɹ.oʊ/ /ˈsɒɹ.əʊ/ /ˈsɔɹ.oʊ/ n
smutek
unhappiness

sorrowful /ˈsɑɹoʊfəl/ /ˈsɑɹəfəl/ /ˈsɒɹəfəl/ /ˈsɒɹəʊfəl/ /ˈsɔɹoʊfəl/ /ˈsɔɹɐʉfɘl/ /ˈsɔɹɘfɘl/ /ˈsɔɹəfəl/ adj
smutny
full of sorrow

sorry /ˈsɑɹ.i/ /ˈsɒ.ɹi/ /ˈsɔɹ.i/ adj
przepraszam przykro mi
przykry żałosny
poor, regrettable

sorry /ˈsɑɹ.i/ /ˈsɒ.ɹi/ /ˈsɔɹ.i/ interjection
przepraszam daruj pardon przebacz przykro mi sorry
expression of regret or sorrow
przepraszam? słucham?
request to repeat

sorry /ˈsɑɹ.i/ /ˈsɒ.ɹi/ /ˈsɔɹ.i/ n
przepraszać przeprosić
act of saying sorry

sorry I'm late phraseologicalUnit
przepraszam za spóźnienie
sorry I'm late

sorry, we don't accept credit cards phraseologicalUnit
przepraszam, nie akceptujemy kart kredytowych
sorry, we don't accept credit cards

sort /sɔɹt/ /sɔːt/ n
rodzaj typ sort
type
sortowanie
act of sorting

sort /sɔɹt/ /sɔːt/ v
posortować sortować
arrange in order
separate according to certain criteria

sort of /ˈsɔɹt əv/ /ˈsɔːt əv/ [ˈsɔɹɾəv] [ˈsɔːt əv] [ˈsɔːʔ əv] [ˈsətəv] adv
jakiś
in a way etc.

sorta /ˈsɔɹtə/ /ˈsɔːtə/ [ˈsɔɹɾə] [ˈsɔːtə] adv
jakiś
(colloquially) sort of; quite

sortie /ˈsɔɹti/ /ˈsɔːti/ [-ɾi] n
desant wypad
operational flight carried out by a single military aircraft

sorting n
sortowanie
categorizing
ordering

sortkey n
klucz sortowania

soteriology /səʊtɪəɹɪˈɒləd͡ʒi/ n
soteriologia
study of salvation

sotto voce /ˌsɑtoʊ ˈvoʊtʃi/ /ˌsɒtəʊ ˈvəʊtʃeɪ/ adv
cicho półgłosem
quietly (of speech)

soufflé /suːˈfleɪ/ /ˈsuːfleɪ/ n
suflet
baked dish

soul /soʊl/ /sɐʉl/ /səʊl/ [sɒʊɫ] n
dusza
the spirit or essence of a person that is often believed to live on after the person's death
person, especially as one among many
soul
soul music
życie dusza
life, energy, vigour

soul music n
soul
music genre

soulless /soʊl.ləs/ /səʊl.ləs/ [soʊɫ.ləs] adj
bezduszny
as if without a soul

soullessly adv
bezdusznie

soullessness n
bezduszność

soulmate n
bratnia dusza pokrewna dusza przyjazna dusza
Someone with whom one has a special connection

sound /saʊnd/ adj
głęboki zdrowy
deep and restful of sleep
solidny
complete, solid, or secure
zdrowy
healthy

sound /saʊnd/ n
dźwięk fonia
sensation perceived by the ear
vibration capable of causing this
cieśnina
long narrow inlet

sound /saʊnd/ v
brzmieć dźwięczeć
to produce a sound
wymawiać
to pronounce

sound barrier n
bariera dźwięku bariera dźwiękowa
drag and other effects of approaching the speed of sound

sound card n
karta dźwiękowa
a computer hardware device used for generating and capturing sounds

sound change n
proces fonetyczny
language change that affects pronunciation

sound engineer n
dźwiękowiec
one who practices sound engineering

sound film n
film dźwiękowy
a film with sound, as opposed to a silent film

sound isolation n
dźwiękoszczelność
blocking of sound

sound law /ˈsaʊnd lɑ/ /ˈsaʊnd lɔ/ /ˈsaʊnd lɔː/ n
proces fonetyczny zjawisko fonetyczne
rule that describes historical sound change in a language

sound out v
wybrzmiewać wybrzmieć
to pronounce a word or phrase by articulating each of its letters

sound post n
dusza
wooden rod inside a musical instrument

sound wave n
fala dźwiękowa
longitudinal wave of pressure transmitted through any plastic material

sounding board n
płyta rezonansowa
thin board that forms part of the resonating chamber of a musical instrument

soundless /saʊndləs/ adj
bezszelestny bezdźwięczny bezgłośny
without sound

soundlessly adv
bezdźwięcznie bezgłośnie bezszelestnie
soundlessly

soundlessness n
bezdźwięczność bezgłośność
state or condition of being without sound

soundproof adj
dźwiękoszczelny
describing something that does not allow sound through

soundproof v
wyciszać wyciszyć wygłuszać wygłuszyć
make resistant to sound

sounds like a plan phraseologicalUnit
brzmi jak plan
used to indicate agreement with a proposal to do something

soundtrack n
soundtrack ścieżka dźwiękowa
a narrow strip running down a movie film that carries the recorded sound in synchronization with the pictures
a recording of such music for sale
the sound (especially the music) component of a movie

soup /sup/ /suːp/ n
zupa
dish
unfortunate situation

soup bowl n
miska do zupy
a deep bowl, designed for serving soup

soup kitchen n
jadłodajnia
place set up to provide basic food as a charity or in time of disaster

soupline n
kolejka po zupę

sour /ˈsaʊ(ə)ɹ/ /ˈsaʊə/ adj
kwaśny
having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
tasting or smelling rancid
peevish or bad-tempered
(of soil) excessively acidic and thus infertile
zjełczały
made rancid by fermentation, etc.

sour /ˈsaʊ(ə)ɹ/ /ˈsaʊə/ v
gorzknieć kwaśnieć pokwaśnieć skwaśnieć zgorzknieć
to become sour

sour cherry n
wiśnia
fruit
Prunus cerasus

sour cream n
śmietana
cream which has been treated with a benign bacterium

sour milk n
kwaśne mleko zsiadłe mleko
sour milk

source /so(ː)ɹs/ /soəs/ /suːɹs/ /sɔɹs/ /sɔːs/ /sʊɹs/ n
źródło
informant
(electronics) terminal
źródło krynica
the person, place or thing from which something (information, goods, etc.) comes or is acquired
źródło krynica zdrój
spring etc.

source code n
kod źródłowy
human-readable instructions in a programming language

source criticism n
krytyka źródeł

source document n
dokument źródłowy
(accounting) document that provides official notification of a credit or debit to an account

source language n
język źródłowy
language from which a translation is done

sourdough /ˈsaʊəˌdəʊ/ /ˈsaʊɚˌdoʊ/ n
zakwas ciasto na zakwasie
dough

sourpuss /ˈsaʊə(ɹ)ˌpʊs/ n
maruda zrzęda
A person who is gloomy, sullen, or miserable

sousaphone n
suzaphon
brass instrument

soutane n
sutanna
a long gown

south /saʊθ/ /suːθ/ /sæoθ/ /sʌʊθ/ adj
południowy południe
of or pertaining to the south

south /saʊθ/ /suːθ/ /sæoθ/ /sʌʊθ/ adv
na południe
towards the south
z południa
of wind: from the south

south /saʊθ/ /suːθ/ /sæoθ/ /sʌʊθ/ n
południe
compass point

south pole n
biegun południowy
the southernmost point on a celestial body

southeast n
południowy wschód
compass point

southeastern adj
południowo-wschodni
southeastern

southern /ˈsaʊðɚn/ /ˈsʌðən/ /ˈsʌðɚn/ adj
południowy
of the south
of or pertaining to a southern region

southern beech n
bukan
Nothofagus

southern lights n
zorza polarna
the aurora of the southern hemisphere

southerner n
południowiec
someone from the south of a region

southernwood n
boże drzewko bylica boże drzewko
Artemisia abrotanum

southpaw /ˈsaʊθˌpɑ/ /ˈsaʊθˌpɔː/ n
leworęczny mańkut
informal: one who is left-handed

southward /ˈsaʊθwəd/ /ˈsʌðəd/ adv
na południe
towards the south

southwester n
zydwestka
waterproof hat

southwestern adj
południowo-zachodni

souvenir /ˈsu.vəˌnɪɹ/ /ˌsoʊ.vəˈnɪ.ə/ /ˌsu.vəˈnɪɹ/ /ˌsuːvəˈnɪə/ n
pamiątka
item of sentimental value to remember an event or location

souvlaki /suːvˈlæki/ /suːvˈlɑki/ n
souvlaki

sovereign /ˈsɑv(ə)ɹɪn/ /ˈsɒv.ɹɪn/ adj
suwerenny niepodległy niezależny
exercising power of rule

sovereign /ˈsɑv(ə)ɹɪn/ /ˈsɒv.ɹɪn/ n
suweren
coin
władca suweren
monarch

sovereign state n
państwo suwerenne
completely independent state

sovereignty /-ɹɪn-/ /ˈsɑv(ə)ɹənti/ /ˈsɒvɹənti/ [-ɾi] n
suwerenność
of a nation or other polity: the state of being able to control resources, make laws independently, and otherwise govern itself without the coercion or concurrence of other polities

soviet /ˈsoʊ.vi.ət/ /ˈsɒ.vi.ət/ /ˈsəʊ.vi.ət/ n
rada
council

sovkhoz n
sowchoz
soviet state farm

sovnarkhoz n
sownarchoz
a regional economic council of the Soviet Union (historical)

sow /saʊ/ n
maciora locha
female pig

sow /soʊ/ /səʊ/ v
siać
disperse seeds

sow the wind, reap the whirlwind proverb
kto sieje wiatr, zbiera burzę
every decision has consequences; a person's actions will come back to them

sow thistle /saʊ θɪsl̩/ n
mlecz
thistle

sower /ˈsəʊə(ɹ)/ n
siewca
one who or that which sows

sowing /ˈsoʊɪŋ/ /ˈsəʊɪŋ/ n
siew sianie
Process by which something is sown

soy /sɔɪ/ n
soja
soy beans

soy milk n
mleko sojowe
beverage made from soybeans

soy sauce n
sos sojowy
a condiment and ingredient made from fermented soybeans

soybean n
soja
plant
seed

soz /sɒz/ interjection
sorry

spa /ˈspɐː/ /ˈspɑ/ /ˈspɑː/ /ˈspɔː/ n
uzdrowisko spa
spa

space /speɪs/ n
kosmos przestrzeń kosmiczna
area beyond atmosphere of planets
miejsce
bounded or specific physical extent
przestrzeń
physical extent in two or three dimensions
geometry: set of points
przestrzeń kosmos
mathematics: generalized construct or set
spacja odstęp
gap between written characters, lines etc.

space alien n
kosmita
an extraterrestrial being

space bar n
spacja
key

space blanket n
koc
blanket

space complexity n
złożoność pamięciowa
amount of space

space debris n
kosmiczne śmieci
objects in orbit without useful purpose

space exploration n
badanie kosmosu eksploracja kosmosu
investigation of space

space flight n
lot kosmiczny
flight into, from, or through space

space heater n
farelka
heating appliance

space rocket n
rakieta kosmiczna

space shuttle n
wahadłowiec kosmoplan prom kosmiczny
vehicle capable of travelling repeatedly between Earth and outer space

space station n
stacja kosmiczna
crewed artificial satellite

space suit n
skafander kosmiczny
system of clothing worn by astronauts when in space

space-filling adj
wypełniający przestrzeń

spacecraft n
statek kosmiczny

spaceman /ˈspeɪsˌmæn/ n
astronauta kosmonauta
astronaut

spaceship n
statek kosmiczny pojazd kosmiczny
vehicle that flies through space

spacetime n
czasoprzestrzeń
four dimensional continuum

spacewoman n
astronautka kosmonautka
a female astronaut

spacious /ˈspeɪʃəs/ adj
obszerny
large in expanse
przestronny
having much space; roomy

spaciousness n
obszerność
the state or quality of being spacious

spade /sped/ /speɪd/ n
szpadel rydel
garden tool with a handle and a flat blade for digging
pik wino
one of the black suits in a deck of cards

spades /speɪdz/ n
pik
suit of playing cards
piki
card game

spadix /ˈspeɪdɪks/ n
kolba
fleshy spike

spaghetti /spəˈɡɛti/ [-ɾi] n
spaghetti
type of pasta made in the shape of long thin strings
dish that has spaghetti (sense 1) as a main part of it

spaghettification /spəˈɡɛ.ɾə.fəˌkeɪ.ʃən/ /spəˌɡɛt.ə.fɪˈkeɪ.ʃ(ə)n/ [-fɪ-] [-ɾɪ-] n
efektem makaronu spagetyzacja spaghettifikacja spaghettizacja
gravitational stretching of objects into long, thin shapes

spaghetto n
spaghetti
single strand of spaghetti

spall /spɔːl/ n
odłamek
splinter of stone

spall /spɔːl/ v
rozpaść się
to break into fragments

spallation /spɑːleɪʃən/ /spɔːleɪʃən/ /spəˈleɪʃ(ə)n/ n
kruszenie spalacja
physics: nuclear reaction in which a nucleus fragments into many nucleons
rozbicie
fragmentation due to stress or impact

spam /ˈspæm/ [ˈspeəm] n
konserwa turystyczna mielonka
tinned meat
spam
unsolicited bulk electronic messages

spammer n
spamer
someone who sends spam

spamproof adj
odporny na spam

span /spæn/ /spæːn/ n
piędź
Any of various units of length approximating the full width of an open hand
przęsło
spread between supports

span /spæn/ /spæːn/ v
mieć zasięg obejmować rozciągać się
to extend through a time period

spangled kookaburra n
kukabura łuskowana
Dacelo tyro

spaniel /ˈspænjəl/ /ˈspænəl/ n
spaniel spanielka
dog breed

spank /spæŋk/ n
klaps
an instance of spanking; a smack or slap

spanner /ˈspæn.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈspæn.ɚ/ n
klucz płaski
hand tool for adjusting nuts and bolts

spanning tree n
drzewo rozpinające
tree which includes all vertices of a graph

spare no effort v
nie szczędzić sił nie szczędzić starań
do everything within one's powers to achieve something

spare the rod and spoil the child proverb
dzieci trzeba trzymać krótko kto dobrze kocha, ten tęgo bije kto się lubi ten się czubi
if one does not discipline a child he or she will never learn respect or humility

spare tyre n
koło zapasowe
extra tyre

spark /spɑɹk/ /spɑːk/ n
iskra
particle of glowing matter
burst of electrical discharge

spark /spɑɹk/ /spɑːk/ v
iskrzyć
to give off sparks

spark gap n
iskiernik przerwa iskrowa
gap between two terminals

spark plug n
świeca zapłonowa
part of an internal combustion engine

sparkle /ˈspɑɹkəl/ /ˈspɑːkəl/ n
blask
brilliance
scintillation

sparkler n
zimny ogień
hand-held firework

sparkling /ˈspɑɹklɪŋ/ /ˈspɑɹkl̩ɪŋ/ /ˈspɑːklɪŋ/ /ˈspɑːkl̩ɪŋ/ adj
gazowany musujący
of a beverage
lśniący mieniący się
of an object

sparkling wine n
wino musujące
effervescent wine

sparring /ˈspɑːɹɪŋ/ n
sparing
act of one who spars

sparrow /ˈspæɹoʊ/ /ˈspæɹəʊ/ /ˈspɛɹoʊ/ n
trznadel
bird of the family Emberizidae
wróbel
bird of the family Passeridae

sparse /spɑːs/ /spɑːɹs/ adj
rzadki
having widely spaced intervals

spasm /ˈspæz.əm/ n
kurcz skurcz spazm
contraction of a muscle

spasmodic /spæzˈmɑ.dɪk/ /spæzˈmɒd.ɪk/ adj
konwulsyjny
convulsive; consisting of spasms
nieregularny
erratic or unsustained
przerywany
intermittent or fitful; occurring in short bursts
spazmatyczny
of or relating to a spasm

spasmolytic adj
spazmolityczny
antispastic

spastic /ˈspastɪk/ /ˈspæstɪk/ adj
spastyczny
of or relating to spastic paralysis
of, relating to, or affected by spasm

spastic /ˈspastɪk/ /ˈspæstɪk/ n
niezdara
clumsy person

spasticity n
spastyczność
state, quality or property

spat /spæt/ n
getry
covering worn over a shoe
sprzeczka
quarrel

spat /spæt/ v
sprzeczać się
to quarrel

spate /speɪt/ n
powódź
a river flood; an overflow or inundation

spatial /ˈspeɪʃəl/ adj
przestrzenny
pertaining to space

spatiotemporal /ˈspeɪ.ʃiː.oʊˌtɛm.pə.rəl/ /ˈspeɪ.ʃiː.əuˌtem.pə.rəl/ /ˈspæɪ.ʃiː.əʉˌtem.pə.rəl/ adj
czasoprzestrzenny
of or concerning spacetime

spatula /ˈspætjʊlə/ /ˈspæt͡ʃələ/ /ˈspæt͡ʃʊlə/ n
szpatułka kuchenna łopatka kuchenna
kitchen utensil for turning and lifting

spawn /spɑn/ /spɑɒn/ /spɔn/ /spɔːn/ n
grzybnia
mushroom mycelium prepared for (aided) propagation
ikra skrzek
the numerous eggs of an aquatic organism
nasienie pomiot
any germ or seed, even a figurative source; offspring

spawn /spɑn/ /spɑɒn/ /spɔn/ /spɔːn/ v
ikrzyć trzeć
to produce or deposit (eggs) in water
mnożyć
to reproduce, especially in large numbers
pojawić zespawnować
to appear spontaneously in a game at a certain point and time

spay /speɪ/ v
sterylizować
remove the ovaries

speak /spik/ /spiːk/ v
mówić
to be able to communicate in a language
to deliver a speech
mówić rozmawiać
to communicate with one's voice using words

speak for oneself v
mówić sam za siebie rozumieć się sam przez się
to have obvious meaning

speak of the devil phraseologicalUnit
o wilku mowa o wilku mowa, a wilk tu
expression used when a person mentioned in the current conversation happens to arrive

speak one's mind v
przemawiać własnym głosem przemówić własnym głosem
to state one's thoughts honestly or frankly

speak out v
wypowiadać się wypowiedzieć się
assert or promote one's opinion; to make one's thoughts known

speak someone's language v
mówić tym samym językiem

speak too soon v
zapeszać zapeszyć źle przewidywać źle przewidzieć

speak with a forked tongue v
oszukać oszukiwać

speaker /ˈspikɚ/ /ˈspiːkə/ n
głośnik
loudspeaker
mówca
one who makes a speech to an audience
mówca mówczyni mówiąca mówiący
one who speaks
przewodniczący marszałek spiker
politics: the chair or presiding officer

speaking /ˈspiːˌkɪŋ/ interjection
tu tutaj z tej strony
indication that the person requested is the same as the one who is currently speaking

speaking clock n
zegarynka
service

speaking in tongues n
glosolalia
speaking in tongues; glossolalia

speaking of adv
przy okazji à propos
relatedly

speaking voice n
normalny głos
quality of voice when speaking

spear /spɪə̯(ɹ)/ /spɪɹ/ n
harpun
sharp tool used by fishermen to retrieve fish
włócznia dzida kopia oszczep
long stick with a sharp tip

spear side n
po mieczu
male or paternal branch of a family

spearhead /ˈspiɹ.hɛd/ /ˈspɪə.hɛd/ /ˈspɪɹ.hɛd/ n
grot
the pointed head, or end, of a spear
szpica
the leading military unit in an attack

spearhead /ˈspiɹ.hɛd/ /ˈspɪə.hɛd/ /ˈspɪɹ.hɛd/ v
stanąć na czele stać na czele
to drive or campaign ardently

spearmint /ˈspɪəˌmɪnt/ /ˈspɪɹˌmɪnt/ n
mięta zielona
Mentha spicata

special /ˈspɛʃ.əl/ adj
specjalny wyjątkowy osobliwy
distinguished by a unique or unusual quality
wyjątkowy
of particular interest or value; certain; dear; beloved; favored

special education n
pedagogika specjalna
educational services designed for students with learning difficulties

special forces n
siły specjalne
elite force

special function n
funkcja specjalna

special relativity n
szczególna teoria względności
physics theory

special someone n
partner partnerka

specialist /ˈspɛʃəlɪst/ n
specjalista
physician
specjalista specjalistka
expert

specialization /ˌspɛʃəlɪˈzeɪʃn̩/ n
specjalizacja uszczegółowienie
act or process of specializing

specialize /ˈspɛʃəˌlaɪz/ v
specjalizować wyspecjalizować
biology: to supply with an organ or organs having a special function or functions
to apply to some specialty or limited object

specialty /ˈspɛʃəlti/ n
specjalność specjalizacja
that in which one specializes

specialty store n
sklep specjalistyczny skład
store specialized on a particular type of items

species /-iːz/ /-ɪz/ /ˈspiːsiːz/ /ˈspiːʃiːz/ n
gatunek
group of plants or animals having similar appearance
rank in a taxonomic classification

speciesism /ˈspiːsiːˌzɪzəm/ /ˈspiːʃiːˌzɪzəm/ n
dyskryminacja gatunkowa gatunkizm gatunkowizm szowinizm gatunkowy

specific /spəˈsɪf.ɪk/ /spɛk.ˈsi.fɪk/ /spɪˈsɪf.ɪk/ adj
konkretny specyficzny
explicit or definite
osobliwy specyficzny
special, distinctive or unique

specific epithet n
nazwa gatunkowa
(taxonomy) second word in the scientific name of a species

specifically /spəˈsɪf.ɪk.li/ /spɪˈsɪf.ɪk.li/ adv
specyficznie
for a specific purpose or reason

specification n
specyfikacja
explicit set of requirements

specificity /spɛsɪˈfɪsɪti/ n
specyficzność specyfika
the state of being specific rather than general

specimen /ˈspɛsɪmɪn/ n
okaz osobnik przykład
example
próbka
sample

specious /ˈspiːʃəs/ adj
bałamutny
seemingly well-reasoned, but fallacious

speciously /ˈspiːʃəsli/ adv
bałamutnie

speciousness n
bałamutność
state or quality of being specious

speckled /ˈspɛkəld/ adj
cętkowany nakrapiany
marked with dots

spectacle /ˈspɛktəkl̩/ n
spektakl widowisko
something exciting or extraordinary

spectacle case n
etui na okulary futerał na okulary
a case used for spectacles

spectacles /ˈspɛktəkl̩z/ n
okulary
a pair of lenses set in a frame

spectacularly adv
bajerancko
in a spectacular manner

spectator /spɛkˈteɪtə/ /ˈspɛkteɪtɚ/ n
widz
observer

specter /ˈspɛktə/ /ˈspɛktɚ/ n
widmo zjawa
ghostly apparition

spectroscope n
spektroskop
optical instrument used for spectrographic analysis

spectroscopic adj
spektroskopowy
of or relating to spectroscopy or to a spectroscope

spectroscopically adv
spektroskopowo
by means of a spectroscope

spectroscopy n
spektroskopia
scientific study of spectra

spectrum /ˈspɛktɹəm/ n
spektrum widmo
range
widmo
range of colors
chemistry: a pattern of absorption or emission of radiation
linear algebra: set of scalar values

speculate /ˈspɛk.jəˌleɪt/ /ˈspɛk.jʊˌleɪt/ v
gdybać
to make an inference based on inconclusive evidence
spekulować
to make a risky trade

speculation /ˌspɛk.jəˈleɪ.ʃən/ n
spekulacja
business, finance: investment involving higher-than-normal risk
process of thinking or meditation
philosophy: act or process of reasoning from premises given or assumed
judgment or conclusion reached by speculating

speculative /ˈspɛkjuləˌtɪv/ adj
spekulatywny
characterized by speculation; based on guessing or unfounded opinions

speculative application n
podanie bez ogłoszenia
application for a job with an employer who is not currently advertising any vacancies

speculative fiction n
fantastyka
class of fiction involving fantastic, supernatural or futuristic elements

speculator n
spekulant
one who speculates; as in investing

speculum /ˈspɛk.jə.ləm/ /ˈspɛk.jʊ.ləm/ n
wziernik
medical instrument

speech /ˈspiːt͡ʃ/ n
mowa przemówienie
vocal communication
przemówienie mowa wystąpienie
an oration, session of speaking

speech act n
akt mowy
act carried out by speech

speech community n
społeczność językowa społeczność komunikacyjna społeczność mowna wspólnota językowa wspólnota komunikacyjna wspólnota mowna
group of people sharing a language or way of speaking

speech disorder n
zaburzenia mowy
malfunction

speech is silver, silence is golden proverb
mowa jest srebrem, a milczenie złotem
proverb

speech recognition n
rozpoznawanie mowy
software function that processes spoken input

speech therapist n
logopeda
clinician specializing in speech therapy

speechless /ˈspiːt͡ʃ.lɪs/ adj
oniemiały milczący
not speaking; not knowing what to say

speed /spiːd/ n
prędkość szybkość
rate of motion
spid
slang: amphetamine
szybkość
rapidity

speed bump n
próg zwalniający
transverse ridge in the road

speed camera n
fotoradar
camera to detect speeding vehicles

speed cushion n
poduszka berlińska
speed cushion

speed limit n
ograniczenie prędkości
maximum speed permitted

speed of light n
prędkość światła
the speed of electromagnetic radiation in a perfect vacuum

speed of sound n
prędkość dźwięku
speed at which sound is propagated

speed skating n
łyżwiarstwo szybkie
The sport of racing around an oval course on ice skates

speed up v
przyspieszać przyspieszyć przyśpieszać przyśpieszyć
increase speed (transitive)

speeding /ˈspiːdɪŋ/ adj
pędzący
moving at speed

speeding /ˈspiːdɪŋ/ n
przekroczenie prędkości
driving faster than the legal speed limit

speedometer /spiˈdɑ.mɪ.tɚ/ /spiːˈdɒm.ɪ.tə(ɹ)/ /spiːˈdɔm.ɪ.tə(ɹ)/ /spɪˈdɑ.mɪ.tɚ/ /spɪˈdɒm.ɪ.tə(ɹ)/ /spɪˈdɔm.ɪ.tə(ɹ)/ n
licznik prędkościomierz
a device that measures, and indicates the current speed of a vehicle

speedway /ˈspiːdweɪ/ n
żużel
motorcycle racing

speedwell /ˈspiːdˌwɛl/ n
przetacznik
plant

speleologist n
speleolog
person who studies caves

speleology n
speleologia
scientific study of caves

spell /spɛl/ n
czar urok
magical effect of such incantation
zaklęcie czar
magical incantation
krótki okres
indefinite period of time

spell /spɛl/ v
literować przeliterować przeliterowywać
to write or say the letters that form a word

spell checker n
sprawdzanie pisowni
software application

spellbound adj
oczarowany zafascynowany
fascinated by something; entranced as if by a spell

spelling /ˈspɛlɪŋ/ n
ortografia
the practice, ability, or subject of forming words with letters, or of reading the letters of words; orthography
pisownia
a specific spelling of a word
manner of spelling of words; correct spelling

spelt /ˈspɛlt/ n
orkisz szpelc
a type of wheat, Triticum aestivum spelta

spelunker n
speleolog grotołaz
one who explores caves

spend /spɛnd/ v
spędzać spędzić
to consume, to use up (time)
wydawać wydać
to pay out

spending power n
siła nabywcza
available income

spendthrift /ˈspɛn(d)ˌθɹɪft/ /ˈspɛn(d)θɹɪft/ n
rozrzutnik
someone who spends money improvidently or wastefully

sperm /spɜɹm/ /spɜːm/ n
plemnik
cell
sperma nasienie
semen (fluid)

sperm bank n
bank spermy
place where sperm is stored

sperm whale n
kaszalot potwal
Physeter catodon

spermaceti /spɚməˈsiːti/ /spɚməˈsɛti/ /spɚməˈsɪti/ /ˌspɜːməˈsiːti/ n
olbrot spermacet
wax obtained from the head of sperm whale

spermatozoon /ˌspɜːmətə(ʊ)ˈzəʊɒn/ n
plemnik spermatozoid
reproductive cell of the male

spessartine n
spessartyn
a type of garnet

spew /spjuː/ v
rzygać wymiotować zwymiotować
to vomit

sphalerite /ˈsfeɪ.lə.ˌɹaɪt/ /ˈsfæl.ə.ˌɹaɪt/ n
sfaleryt blenda cynkowa
mineral

sphere /sfɪə(ɹ)/ /sfɪɚ/ n
sfera
mathematics: regular three-dimensional object
spherical physical object
sfera obszar
region in which something or someone is active

sphere of influence n
strefa wpływów
area influenced by something

sphere packing n
upakowanie sfer wypełnianie sfery
mathematics: arranging of non-overlapping spheres in space

spherical /sfiːɹɪkəl/ /sfɛɹɪkəl/ adj
kulisty sferyczny
shaped like a sphere
sferyczny
of or relating to a sphere or spheres

spherical angle n
kąt sferyczny
particular dihedral angle

spherically adv
sferycznie
in the manner of a sphere

sphericity n
sferyczność
quality of being spherical

spherosome n
sferosom
plant organelle

sphincter /ˈsfɪŋk.tə(ɹ)/ n
zwieracz

sphinx /ˈsfɪŋks/ n
sfinks
mythology: creature with the head of a person and the body of an animal
person who keeps his/her thoughts and intentions secret

spice /spaɪs/ n
przyprawa
plant matter used to season or flavour food

spice /spaɪs/ v
przyprawiać przyprawić
to add spice or spices to

spice up v
doprawiać doprawić zaostrzać zaostrzyć
enhance the flavour of something using spice
podkręcać podkręcić uatrakcyjniać uatrakcyjnić
make something more exotic, fun or extravagant

spicy /ˈspaɪsi/ adj
ostry pikantny
tangy or pungent
pikantny
containing spice
racy

spider /ˈspaɪ̯də/ /ˈspaɪ̯dɚ/ [ˈspʌɪ̯ɾə(ɹ)] n
pająk
arthropod

spider monkey n
czepiak
monkey of the genus Ateles

spiderweb /ˈspaɪ̯dəwɛb/ n
pajęczyna
net-like construct of a spider

spiderwort n
tradeskancja trzykrotka
plant

spiel /spiːl/ /ʃpiːl/ n
gadka
A lengthy and extravagant speech or argument usually intended to persuade

spike /spaɪk/ n
kolec
anything resembling such a nail in shape
very large nail
korki
informal: running shoes with spikes in the soles
kłos
ear of grain

spike strip n
kolczatka

spikelet n
kłosek
botany: secondary spike

spikes n
szpilki
A pair of shoes equipped with spikes on the sole

spill /spɪl/ v
wylać rozlać się
transitive: to drop something so that it spreads out

spill the beans /spɪl ðə biːnz/ v
puścić farbę
to reveal a secret; to disclose

spill the tea v
uchylać rąbka tajemnicy uchylić rąbka tajemnicy

spillage /ˈspɪl.əd͡ʒ/ /ˈspɪl.ɪd͡ʒ/ n
wyciek
spillage

spillikins n
bierki
a game of skill

spilt milk n
rozlane mleko
something that can't be undone

spin /spɪn/ n
korkociąg
flight condition
obrót
circular motion
spin
physics: quantum angular momentum

spin /spɪn/ v
obracać się wirować
to turn around quickly
prząść
to make yarn

spin a yarn v
bajać opowiadać głodne kawałki sprzedać historię
tell a story

spin doctor n
spin doctor spin doktor
person hired to improve public image

spin the bottle n
gra w butelkę
game

spinach /ˈspɪnɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈspɪnɪt͡ʃ/ n
szpinak
a particular edible plant, Spinacia oleracea

spinal cord n
rdzeń kręgowy
thick, whitish cord of nerve tissue

spindle /ˈspɪndəl/ n
trzmielina
trees of the genus Euonymus
wrzeciono
rod in spinning and winding thread

spine /spaɪn/ n
grzbiet
bound edge of a book
kolec
rigid, pointed surface protuberance or needle-like structure
kręgosłup
backbone

spine board n
deska ortopedyczna
rigid carrying surface

spineless adj
bezkręgowy
having no spine
tchórzliwy
uncourageous

spinet /spɪˈnɛt/ /ˈspɪn.ɪt/ n
szpinet
short, compact harpsichord

spinnaker /ˈspɪnəkə/ /ˈspɪnəkɚ/ n
motyl spinaker
sail

spinneret n
gruczoł przędny
spider organ for web spinning

spinning /ˈspɪnɪŋ/ n
przędzenie
process of converting fibres into yarn or thread

spinning top n
fryga cyga bączek bąk
a toy

spinning wheel n
kołowrotek
device for spinning thread with a wheel and a spindle

spinosaurus n
spinozaur

spinster /ˈspɪnstə/ /ˈspɪnstɚ/ n
stara panna
unmarried woman

spiny dogfish n
koleń pospolity
Squalus acanthias

spiny lobster n
langusta
crustacean of the family Palinuridae

spiny-tailed lizard n
biczogon
any lizard of the genus Uromastyx

spiracle /ˈspɪɹəkəl/ n
przetchlinka tryskawka
opening used for breathing

spiral /ˈspaɪɹəl/ adj
spiralny
helical

spiral /ˈspaɪɹəl/ n
helisa spirala ślimacznica
helix
spirala
geometry
self-sustaining process

spiral staircase n
schody kręcone schody kręte
type of staircase

spire /spaɪə/ /ˈspaɪ.ə/ /ˈspaɪ.ɚ/ n
iglica
tapering architectural structure

spirit /ˈspiɹɪt/ /ˈspɪɹɪt/ n
duch
supernatural being
manner or style
enthusiasm
duch dusza
soul
spirytus alkohol
alcohol

spirit level n
poziomica libella
spirit level

spirit of salt n
kwas solny

spirit of the law n
duch prawa
interpretation of the law

spiritual /ˈspɪɹɪtjʊəl/ /ˈspɪɹɪtʃʊəl/ /ˈspɪɹɪt͡ʃuəl/ /ˈspɪɹɪ̈t͡ʃul̩/ adj
duchowy
of or pertaining to the spirit or the soul

spirituality /ˌspɪɹ.ə.t͡ʃuˈæl.ə.tɪ/ /ˌspɪɹ.ɪ.t͡ʃʉˈæl.ə.tɪ/ [ˌspɪɹ.ə.t͡ʃuˈæl.ə.ɾɪ] [ˌspɪɹ.ɪ.t͡ʃʉˈæl.ə.ɾɪ] n
duchowość
concern for what is unseen and intangible

spit /spɪt/ n
mierzeja
generally low, narrow, pointed, usually sandy peninsula
rożen
thin rod on which meat is skewered for cooking
splunięcie
instance of spitting
ślina
saliva

spit /spɪt/ v
pluć plunąć splunąć
to evacuate (saliva or another substance) from the mouth, etc.

spit nails v
wściec się wściekać się

spite /spaɪt/ n
niechęć przekora przekorność uraza złość
ill-will or hatred toward another; a desire to vex or injure

spiteful adj
robiący na złość wredny złośliwy
filled with spite

spitting cobra n
kobra plująca
cobra that spits venom

spitting image /ˈspɪtɪŋ ˈɪmɪdʒ/ n
podobny jak dwie krople wody sobowtór wykapany
the exact likeness of someone

spittoon /spɪˈtuːn/ n
spluwaczka
receptacle for spit

spitz /spɪts/ n
szpic
Any of several Nordic breeds of dog such as the Pomeranian or Samoyed

splash /splæʃ/ n
plusk
sound made by an object hitting a liquid

splash /splæʃ/ v
pluskać
to hit or agitate liquid

splashdown n
wodowanie
landing in water

splatter /ˈsplætɚ/ n
bryzg trysk
An uneven shape or mess created by something dispersing on impact

spleen /spliːn/ n
splin
mood
śledziona
organ

spleenwort n
zanokcica
a type of fern

splendid /ˈsplɛndɪd/ adj
arcydobry
possessing or displaying splendor

splendor /ˈsplɛndə/ /ˈsplɛndɚ/ n
splendor wspaniałość
magnificent appearance

splenectomy n
splenektomia
surgical removal of the spleen

splenomegaly n
splenomegalia
enlargement of the spleen

splint /splɪnt/ n
szyna
immobilizing device

splinter /ˈsplɪn.tə(ɹ)/ /ˈsplɪn.tɚ/ /ˈsplɪnɚ/ [ˈsplɪɾ̃ɚ] n
drzazga odłamek
fragment of material
odłam
group

split /splɪt/ n
odprysk odłamek rąbek
split-off piece
rozłam
breach, division
szczelina
crack, longitudinal fissure
szpagat
manoeuvre, acrobatic feat ("splits")

split /splɪt/ v
dzielić rozdzielać
share out
dzielić rozszczepiać
divide along a more or less straight line
rozejść się
separate

split hairs v
dzielić włos na czworo
to consider fine details

split one's sides v
boki zrywać
to laugh hysterically

split pin n
szplint
metal fastener

splits n
szpagat
manoeuvre, acrobatic feat

splurge /splɜːd͡ʒ/ /splɝd͡ʒ/ v
przepuszczać
to spend lavishly or extravagantly

spoil /spɔɪl/ v
psuć zepsuć
ruin

spoiled /spɔɪld/ adj
zepsuty
of food, that has deteriorated to the point of no longer being usable or edible

spoiler /ˈspɔɪ.lə/ /ˈspɔɪ.lɚ/ n
przerywacz spojler
aeronautics: device to reduce lift
spoiler
document, review or comment that discloses

spoils of war n
łupy wojenne
profits extracted as the result of winning a war

spoilsport /ˈspɔɪl.spɔɹt/ /ˈspɔɪl.spɔːt/ adj
złośliwiec
someone who puts an end to harmless fun

spoke /spəʊk/ n
szprycha
part of a wheel

spoken /ˈspoʊkən/ adj
mówiony ustny
concerning speech

spokeshave n
ośnik
woodworking tool

spokesman n
rzecznik
one who speaks as the voice of a group of people

spokesperson /ˈspəʊkspɜːɹsən/ n
rzecznik rzeczniczka
person who acts as the voice of a group of people

spokeswoman n
rzeczniczka
woman who speaks as the voice of a group of people

spolia opima n
spolia opima

spondee /ˈspɒndi/ n
spondej
word of two syllables

spondylolisthesis n
kręgozmyk
medicine: displacement of vertebra

sponge /spʌnd͡ʒ/ n
gąbka
piece of porous material used for washing
marine invertebrate

sponge cake n
biszkopt ciasto biszkoptowe biskwit
type of soft cake made from flour, sugar, baking powder and eggs, with a spongy structure

sponginess n
gąbczastość
property of being spongy

spongy /ˈspʌnd͡ʒi/ adj
gąbczasty
absorbent, squishy, porous

sponsor /ˈspɑn.sɚ/ /ˈspɒn.sə/ n
sponsor mecenas mecenaska sponsorka
one that pays all or part of the cost of an event
sponsor sponsorka
person or organisation with responsibility (especially with a religious or financial aspect)

sponsor /ˈspɑn.sɚ/ /ˈspɒn.sə/ v
sponsorować zasponsorować
to be a sponsor for

sponsorship n
sponsoring
state or practice

spontaneity /ˈspɒn.tə.neɪ.ə.ti/ n
spontaniczność
the quality of being spontaneous

spontaneous /spɑnˈteɪ.ni.əs/ /spɒnˈteɪ.ni.əs/ adj
spontaniczny
done by one's own free choice, or without planning
spontaniczny samorzutny
self generated; happening without any apparent external cause

spontaneous combustion n
samozapłon
combustion without a source of heat

spontaneous generation n
abiogeneza archigonia samorództwo

spontaneously /spɑnˈteɪ.ni.əs.li/ /spɒnˈteɪ.ni.əs.li/ adv
spontanicznie
in a spontaneous manner

spontoon n
szponton
weapon

spool /spuːl/ n
szpula szpulka
spindle

spoon /spun/ /spuːn/ n
wahadłówka
metal lure for fishing
łyżka łyżeczka
scooped utensil for eating (or serving)

spoon /spun/ /spuːn/ v
łyżeczkować
to lie together

spoonerism /ˈspuːnəɹɪzəm/ n
spuneryzm gra półsłówek
phrase where sounds are transposed

spoonload n
gryz kęs

spoor /spɔɹ/ /spʊə/ /spʊɹ/ n
trop
trail left by an animal

sporadic /spəˈɹæd.ɪk/ adj
sporadyczny sporadycznie
rare and scattered in occurrence

sporadically adv
sporadycznie
In an occasional, infrequent, or irregular manner

sporadicity n
sporadyczność
quality

spore /spo(ː)ɹ/ /spoə/ /spɔɹ/ /spɔː/ n
przetrwalnik spora
resistant particle produced by bacterium or protist
zarodnik spora
reproductive particle

spork /spoəɹk/ /spɔɹk/ /spɔːk/ n
łyżkowidelec
eating utensil

sporocarp n
sporokarp
fungal structure

sport /spo(ː)ɹt/ /spoət/ /spɔɹt/ /spɔː/ /spɔːt/ n
sport
any athletic activity that uses physical skills

sport utility vehicle n
SUV
vehicle

sporting /ˈspo(ː)ɹtɪŋ/ /ˈspoətɪŋ/ /ˈspɔɹtɪŋ/ /ˈspɔːtɪŋ/ adj
sportowy
pertaining to sports

sports car n
samochód sportowy
automobile designed for high speed

sports club n
klub sportowy

sports drink n
izotonik
drink whose purpose is to replenish the body's water and energy levels when doing exercise

sports field n
boisko
flat area for sports

sportsman n
sportowiec sportsmen
(male) athlete

sportsmanlike adj
sportowy uczciwy
good sportsmanship

sportsperson /spoɹtspɝsən/ /spɔətspɜːsən/ /spɔɹtspɝsən/ /spɔːspɜːsən/ /spɔːtspɜːsən/ n
sportowiec sportsmenka
someone who plays sport, regardless of gender

sportswoman n
sportsmenka
woman who engages in sports

sporty /ˈspo(ː)ɹti/ /ˈspoəti/ /ˈspɔɹti/ /ˈspɔːti/ adj
okazały
flashy in appearance
sportowy
fond of sports

spot /spɑt/ /spɒt/ n
cętka
a round or irregular patch of a different color
plama
stain

spot card n
blotka
playing card of low value

spot on adj
trafny w punkt w sedno
exact or correct

spot-backed antshrike n
perlinek
bird

spot-winged antshrike n
chronka wielkodzioba
Pygiptila stellaris

spotlight n
centrum uwagi
the center of attention; the highlight or most important part
jupiter reflektor
a bright lamp, especially one used to illuminate the center of attention on a stage

spotted /ˈspɑtɪ̈d/ /ˈspɒtɨd/ [ˈspɑɾɪ̈d] adj
cętkowany pstry
characterized by spots

spotted dragonet n
lira kalion
Callionymus maculatus

spotted flycatcher n
muchołówka szara
bird

spotted nutcracker n
orzechówka
Nucifraga caryocatactes

spotted redshank n
brodziec śniady
Tringa erythropus

spotted sandpiper n
brodziec plamisty
Actitis macularius

spotted whistling duck n
drzewica plamista
Dendrocygna guttata

spotter /ˈspɑ.tɚ/ /ˈspɒt.ə/ n
asekurant asekurantka asekurator asekuratorka
sports: exercise supervisor

spotting scope n
luneta
compact high-power monocular telescope for observing wildlife or targets

spousal /ˈspaʊsəl/ /ˈspaʊzəl/ adj
małżeński
of or relating to marriage

spouse /spaʊ̯s/ /spaʊ̯z/ n
małżonka małżonek żona mąż
person in a marriage or marital relationship

spout /spaʊt/ /spʌʊt/ n
dzióbek wylew
a tube through which liquid is poured or discharged

spout /spaʊt/ /spʌʊt/ v
lać się
to gush forth in a stream
rozwodzić się
to speak tediously and at length

sprachbund /ˈspɹɑkbʊnd/ /ˈspɹɑx-/ /ˈspɹɑːkbʊnd/ /ˈspɹɑːx-/ n
liga językowa
group of languages sharing areal features primarily due to language contact

sprain /spɹeɪn/ n
skręcenie zwichnięcie
act or result of spraining

sprain /spɹeɪn/ v
skręcić zwichnąć zwichnięcie
to weaken a joint, ligament, or muscle

sprat /spɹæt/ n
szprot szprotka
any of various small marine fish in the genus Sprattus

sprawl /spɹɑl/ /spɹɔl/ /spɹɔːl/ v
rozjebać się rozsiąść się rozwalić się
to sit with limbs spread out

spray /spɹeɪ/ n
kiść
small branch of flowers or berries
mgiełka
fine, gentle, dispersed mist of liquid
spraj spray sprej
pressurized container
spray
commercial product

spray /spɹeɪ/ v
rozpylać opryskać opryskiwać rozpylić
to project a liquid in a disperse manner

sprayer /ˈspɹeɪɚ/ n
atomizator atomizer opryskiwacz rozpylacz
device or vehicle used for spraying
object used for spraying

spread /spɹɛd/ n
smarowidło
food designed to be spread
spread
trading: difference between bid price and asking price

spread /spɹɛd/ v
podzielić
to stretch out, expand
rozprzestrzeniać się
(intransitive) to take up a larger area, expand
rozprzestrzeniać rozprzestrzeniać się
(transitive) to disseminate, make known or present
rozłożyć
to extend, stretch out (limbs etc)
smarować rozsmarować rozsmarowywać
to smear, distribute in a thin layer

spread like wildfire v
rozchodzić się lotem błyskawicy rozejść się lotem błyskawicy
spread or disseminate rapidly or uncontrollably

spread oneself thin v
rozmieniać się na drobne rozmienić się na drobne
to commit oneself to too many projects

spreader /ˈspɹɛdɚ/ n
reja
horizontal spar attached to the mast of a sailboat in order to extend the shrouds

spreadsheet /ˈspɹɛd.ʃit/ /ˈspɹɛd.ʃiːt/ n
arkusz kalkulacyjny
computer application

sprig /spɹɪɡ/ n
gałązka
small shoot or twig
latorośl
youth

spring /spɹɪŋ/ n
sprężyna
device made of flexible material
wiosna
season between winter and summer in temperate climates
źródło zdrój krynica
water springing from the ground

spring balance n
waga sprężynowa
a device for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a spiral spring

spring cleaning n
wiosenne porządki
systematic cleaning at the end of winter

spring onion n
czosnek dęty
Allium fistulosum

spring peeper n
rzekotka

spring roll n
sajgonka
shredded vegetables wrapped in a pancake

springboard n
trampolina
flexible diving board
platform on springs used in gymnastics

springtail n
skoczogonek
springtail

springwater n
woda źródlana
water originating from a spring

springy /ˈspɹɪŋi/ adj
elastyczny
capable of returning to its original form

sprinkle /ˈspɹɪŋkəl/ n
mżawka
A light rain shower
posypka
A light covering with a sprinkled substance

sprinkle /ˈspɹɪŋkəl/ v
mżyć
to rain very lightly outside
posypać sprysnąć
to cover an object
prysnąć sypnąć
to cause to fall in fine drops

sprinkler /ˈspɹiŋklɚ/ n
tryskacz
fire sprinkler
zraszacz
irrigation device

sprinkles /ˈspɹɪŋkl̩z/ n
posypka cukrowa
small candy or sugar pieces as decoration

sprint /spɹɪnt/ n
sprint
short race at top speed
burst of speed or activity

sprint /spɹɪnt/ v
biec sprintem
To run etc at top speed for a short period

sprinter /ˈspɹɪn.tə(ɹ)/ /ˈspɹɪn.tɚ/ n
sprinter sprinterka
one who sprints

sprit /spɹɪt/ n
rozprza
supporting spar in spritsail rig

spritzer n
szprycer
cocktail: white wine and soda water

sprocket /spɹɒkɪt/ n
zębatka
toothed wheel

sprout /spɹaʊt/ /spɹʌʊt/ n
berbeć
child

spruce /spɹuːs/ adj
elegancki
smart and elegant

spruce /spɹuːs/ n
świerk
tree from the genus Picea

spruce grouse n
borowiak kanadyjski jarząbek kanadyjski
Falcipennis canadensis

spruceless adj
bezświerkowy

spud /spʌd/ n
kartofel pyra
informal: potato
rydel rydelek
spade-like tool used for digging out weeds

spur /spɜː/ /spɝ/ n
ostroga
implement for prodding a horse
sprone
projection from a mountain or mountain range

spur cell n
akantocyt
spiny cell

spurge /spɜːd͡ʒ/ /spɝd͡ʒ/ n
wilczomlecz
any plant of the genus Euphorbia

spurious /ˈspjɔ.ɹi.əs/ /ˈspjʊ.ɹi.əs/ /ˈspjʊə.ɹi.əs/ /ˈspʊ.ɹi.əs/ adj
fałszywy nieautentyczny nieprawdziwy podrobiony
false

spurt /spɜːt/ /spɝt/ v
bluzgać bluznąć bryzgać
to gush

sputnik /ˈspʊtnɪk/ /ˈspʌtnɪk/ n
sputnik satelita sztuczny satelita
a Soviet robotic space satellite

sputum n
plwocina
matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth

spy /spaɪ/ n
szpieg szpion
person who secretly watches

spy /spaɪ/ v
dostrzec
to spot at a distance
szpiegować
to act as a spy

spy ring n
agentura
spy network

spyglass n
luneta
portable telescope

spyware n
oprogramowanie szpiegowskie oprogramowanie szpiegujące
program

squab /ˈskwɑb/ /ˈskwɒb/ n
gawronię
baby rook
gołębię
baby pigeon or dove

squacco /ˈskwækoʊ/ /ˈskwækəʊ/ n
czapla modronosa
Ardeola ralloides

squad /ˈskwɑd/ /ˈskwɒd/ n
drużyna ekipa
sports team
oddział szwadron
unit of tactical military personnel or police officers

squadron /ˈskwɒd.ɹən/ n
eskadra
air force: tactical unit of at least two flights
navy: detachment of vessels
szwadron eskadron
army: body of cavalry

squall /ˈskwɔːl/ n
szkwał
sudden storm, as found in a squall line

squalor /ˈskwɑlɚ/ /ˈskwɒlə(ɹ)/ n
brud plugastwo
squalidness

squamous /ˈskweɪ.məs/ /ˈskwɑː.məs/ adj
łuskowaty
scaly

squander /ˈskwɑn.dɚ/ /ˈskwɒnd.ə/ [ˈskwɒnd.ə] [ˈskʷɑn.dɚ] v
marnować marnotrawić trwonić roztrwonić zmarnotrawić zmarnować
to waste

square /skweə(ɹ)/ /skweː(ɹ)/ /skwɛə(ɹ)/ /skwɛəɹ/ /skwɛː(ɹ)/ /skwɪə(ɹ)/ adj
kwadratowy kwadrat
shaped like a square

square /skweə(ɹ)/ /skweː(ɹ)/ /skwɛə(ɹ)/ /skwɛəɹ/ /skwɛː(ɹ)/ /skwɪə(ɹ)/ n
kwadrat kwadratowy
type of polygon
second power
kątownik węgielnica
tool
normik
slang: socially conventional person
plac skwer majdan
open space in a town

square /skweə(ɹ)/ /skweː(ɹ)/ /skwɛə(ɹ)/ /skwɛəɹ/ /skwɛː(ɹ)/ /skwɪə(ɹ)/ v
podnosić do kwadratu podnosić do drugiej potęgi
math: to multiply by itself

square bracket n
nawias kwadratowy
symbol [ or ]

square kilometre n
kilometr kwadratowy
standard unit of area

square matrix n
macierz kwadratowa
matrix having the same number of rows as columns

square metre n
metr kwadratowy
standard unit of area

square root n
pierwiastek kwadratowy
number

squared adj
do kwadratu kwadrat
raised to the second power

squash /skwɑʃ/ /skwɒʃ/ /skwɔɹʃ/ /skwɔʃ/ n
squash
the sport
dynia
plant and its fruit of the genus Cucurbita

squat /skwɑt/ /skwɒt/ n
kucki przykuc przysiad
position
skłot squat
building occupied without permission
ubikacja kucana ubikacja narciarska

squat /skwɑt/ /skwɒt/ v
kucać kucnąć przycupnąć przysiadać
to bend at the knees

squatter /ˈskwɑːtəɹ/ /ˈskwɒtə/ n
dziki lokator squatter
one occupying a place without permission

squaw /skwɔː/ n
squaw
a woman, wife; especially a Native American woman

squawk /skwoːk/ /skwɑk/ /skwɔk/ /skwɔːk/ n
skrzek
shrill noise

squawk /skwoːk/ /skwɑk/ /skwɔk/ /skwɔːk/ v
skrzeczeć
to make a squawking noise

squeak /skwiːk/ n
pisk
short, high-pitched sound

squeak /skwiːk/ v
piszczeć
emit sound

squeaky /ˈskwiːki/ adj
piskliwy
producing a high-pitched sound or squeak

squeaky clean adj
na glanc
very clean

squeal /skwil/ /skwiːl/ v
donosić kapować
to rat on someone

squeamish /ˈskwiːmɪʃ/ adj
wrażliwy
easily shocked, sickened or frightened; tending to be nauseous or nauseated

squeegee /skwiːˈd͡ʒiː/ /ˈskwiˌd͡ʒi/ /ˈskwiːd͡ʒiː/ n
odciągacz ściągaczka
tool used for cleaning glass
rakiel rakla
printing tool

squeeze /skwiːz/ v
ściskać ścisnąć
to apply pressure to from two or more sides at once

squid /skwɪd/ n
kalmar kałamarnica
sea animal

squill /skwɪl/ n
cebulica
plant of the genus Scilla

squint /skwɪnt/ n
mrużenie zmrużenie
expression in which the eyes are partly closed
zez
look of eyes which are turned in different directions, like in strabismus

squint /skwɪnt/ v
mrużyć oczy
to look with the eyes partly closed, as in bright sunlight
zezować
to look with, or have eyes that are turned in different directions

squircle n
kwadratokrąg
shape intermediate between a square and a circle

squire /ˈskwaɪə/ /ˈskwaɪəɹ/ n
giermek
armor-bearer who attended a knight

squirm /skwɜːm/ /skwɝm/ v
wić się
twist one’s body with snakelike motion
wprawić w zakłopotanie
twist in discomfort, especially from shame or embarrassment
wywinąć się
to evade a question, an interviewer etc.

squirrel /ˈskwɝl/ /ˈskwɝl̩/ /ˈskwɝəl/ /ˈskwɪɹl̩/ /ˈskwɪɹəl/ /ˈskwʌɹəl/ n
wiewiórka
rodent

squirrel around v
buszować
To move or search erratically

squirrel away v
chomikować
To stash or hide

squirrel monkey n
sajmiri
Saimiri

squirt /skwɜːt/ /skwɝt/ n
smarkacz
small child

squirt gun n
psikawka sikawka
a toy gun used to shoot water

squirting cucumber n
ośli ogórek tryskawiec sprężysty sprężak tryskacz tryskawiec tryskawiec lekarski
Ecballium elaterium

sriracha /səˈrɑ.t͡ʃɑ/ /səˈrɑ.t͡ʃə/ /sɪˈræ.t͡ʃə/ /sɪˈrɑ.t͡ʃɑ/ /sɪˈrɑ.t͡ʃə/ /ˈsɪˌrɑ.t͡ʃɑ/ n
sriracha
a Thai-style hot sauce

sss interjection
sss
the hiss of a snake or other reptile

st n
ul.
street
św.
saint

stab /stæb/ n
dźgnięcie
act of stabbing
wound made by stabbing

stab /stæb/ v
kłuć
to pierce or wound with pointed object

stab in the back n
cios w plecy
act of betrayal

stab in the back v
wbijać nóż w plecy wbić nóż w plecy
to betray somebody

stability /stəˈbɪlɪti/ [stəˈbɪlɪɾi] n
stabilność
condition of being stable

stabilize /ˈsteɪ.bəl.ˌaɪz/ v
stabilizować
to make stable

stabilizer n
stabilizator
substance added to something in order to stabilize it
fin or similar device that prevents the excess rolling of a ship

stable /ˈsteɪb(ə)l/ /ˈsteɪbl̩/ adj
stabilny
relatively unchanging

stable /ˈsteɪb(ə)l/ /ˈsteɪbl̩/ n
stajnia
building for managing ungulates, normally horses
building for horses

stable boy n
stajenny
boy or young man who attends in a stable

stableman n
koniuch
person employed to take care of horses in a stable

staccato /stəˈkɑːtoʊ/ n
staccato
a style of playing short sharp notes

stack /stæk/ n
stos
computing: data structure
stos sterta
a pile of identical objects

stack /stæk/ v
stertować układać na kupę
To place objects or material in the form of a stack

stacker crane /ˈstækə kɹeɪn/ n
układnica
an overhead crane system

stadium /ˈsteɪ.di.əm/ n
stadion arena
venue where sporting events are held

staff /stæf/ /stɑːf/ [staf] [steəf] [stäːf] [stæf] [stɐːf] [stɑːf] [stɛəf] n
kij laska
long, straight, thick rod or stick to assist in walking
personel pracownicy
employees of a business
pięciolinia
music: horizontal lines on which notes are written

stag /stæɡ/ n
jeleń rogacz
adult male deer
kastrat
castrated bull
młoda klacz źrebak
colt or filly
strzyżyk
Eurasian wren

stag beetle n
jelonek rogacz
any large beetle in Lucanidae

stag's-horn clubmoss n
babimór
Lycopodium clavatum

stage /steɪd͡ʒ/ n
etap faza okres
phase
scena podium estrada
in theatre

stage /steɪd͡ʒ/ v
inscenizować zainscenizować
to produce on a stage
wywołać wywoływać
to demonstrate in a deceptive manner

stage direction n
didaskalia
instruction given to an actor

stage fright n
trema
state of nervousness about performing

stage magic n
magiczne sztuczki na scenie
magic tricks performed on stage

stage whisper /ˈsteɪdʒ ˈwɪs.pə/ /ˈsteɪdʒ ˈwɪs.pɚ/ n
szept sceniczny
(theater) A line that is performed on stage as if it were whispered, but is spoken loud enough that the audience can hear

stage-coach /ˈsteɪdʒ.koʊtʃ/ /ˈsteɪdʒ.kəʊtʃ/ n
dyliżans
horse-drawn coach to transport passengers and mail

stagflation /stæɡˈfleɪʃən/ n
stagflacja
inflation accompanied by stagnant growth

stagger /ˈstæɡə/ /ˈstæɡɚ/ v
wahać się
to begin to doubt and waver in purposes

staging n
inscenizacja
theater: performance of a play

stagnancy n
bezruch

stagnant /ˈstæɡnənt/ adj
bezczynny w zastoju
without progress

stagnation /stæɡˈneɪʃən/ n
bezrybie stagnacja zastój
inactivity
stagnacja
being stagnant

stain /steɪn/ n
barwnik kontrast
reagent or dye used to stain microscope specimens so as to make some structures visible
bejca
substance used to soak into a surface and colour it
plama
discoloured spot or area
plama skaza
blemish on one's character or reputation

stain /steɪn/ v
bejcować zabejcować
to coat a surface with a stain
plamić kalać upaprać upaćkać
to discolour something

stain remover n
odplamiacz
liquid used to remove stains

stained glass n
witraż
coloured glass
witrażownictwo
craft

stainless adj
nierdzewny
describing an alloy that is resistant to corrosion and discoloration
nieskazitelny
unmarked, spotless

stainless steel n
stal nierdzewna inox
corrosion-free alloy

stair /stɛə/ /stɛɚ/ n
stopień
single step

staircase /ˈstɛɹˌkeɪs/ n
schody klatka schodowa
stairway

stairs /ˈstɛəz/ /ˈstɛɹz/ n
schody
contiguous set of steps

stairwell n
klatka schodowa
a shaft in a multi-story building enclosing a stairway or staircase

stake /steɪk/ n
pal kół
pointed long and slender piece of wood etc.
stawka
wager or pledge

stakeholder /ˈsteɪkˌhoʊl.dɚ/ /ˈsteɪkˌhəʊl.də/ /ˈstæɪkˌhəʉl.də/ n
interesant interesariusz
person or organisation with a legitimate interest

stalactite /stəˈlækˌtaɪt/ /ˈstæl.əkˌtaɪt/ n
stalaktyt sopleniec
mineral deposit hanging from the roof of a cave

stalagmite /stəˈlæɡˌmaɪt/ /ˈstæl.əɡˌmaɪt/ n
stalagmit
mineral deposit

stale /steɪl/ adj
czerstwy
having lost its freshness

stalemate /ˈsteɪlmeɪt/ n
pat
chess term
pat sytuacja patowa
blocked situation without personal loss

stalinization n
stalinizacja
the process of stalinizing

stalk /stɑk/ /stɔk/ /stɔːk/ n
łodyga badyl
stem or main axis of a plant

stalk /stɑk/ /stɔk/ /stɔːk/ v
nękać stalkować
to (try to) follow or contact someone constantly, often resulting in harassment
zakradać się
to approach slowly and quietly in order not to be discovered when getting closer

stalker n
obserwator obserwatorka
person who stalks game
prześladowca prześladowczyni stalker stalkerka
person who secretly follows someone, sometimes with unlawful intentions

stalking /ˈstɔːkɪŋ/ n
nękanie stalking
crime of following or harassing
odszypułkowywanie
removal of stalks

stalkless adj
bezogonkowy

stall /stɑl/ /stɔl/ /stɔːl/ n
stragan stoisko
small open-fronted shop

stallion /ˈstæli.ən/ /ˈstæljən/ n
ogier
uncastrated male horse

stamen /ˈsteɪ.mən/ n
pręcik
A flower part that produces pollen

stamina /ˈstæmənə/ /ˈstæmɪnə/ n
wytrzymałość
power of sustained exertion

stammer /ˈstæmə/ /ˈstæmɚ/ n
jąkanie

stammer /ˈstæmə/ /ˈstæmɚ/ v
jąkać
to stutter

stamp /stæmp/ n
pieczęć stempel pieczątka
indentation or imprint made by stamping
stempel pieczęć pieczątka
device for stamping designs
tupanie
act of stamping

stamp /stæmp/ v
banderolować oznakować oznakowywać znakować
to give an official marking to
ostemplować pieczętować stemplować
to mark by pressing quickly and heavily
tupać tupnąć
to move (the foot or feet) quickly and heavily
to step quickly and heavily

stampede /stæmˈpiːd/ n
paniczna ucieczka
any sudden flight or dispersion

stance /staːns/ /stæns/ /stɑːns/ [stɐːns] [stɛəns] [stɛːns] n
stanowisko
opinion or point of view

stanch /stæn(t)ʃ/ /stɑːn(t)ʃ/ v
zastopować zatrzymać
to check or stop, or deter, (an action)
zatamować
to stop the flow of (blood)

stanchion /ˈstænʃən/ /ˈstɑːnʃən/ n
słup słupek
vertical pole, post or support

stand /stænd/ [steənd] n
stoisko
small building or booth
stojak trójnóg
device to hold something upright or aloft

stand /stænd/ [steənd] v
cierpieć
to tolerate
stać
to support oneself on the feet in an erect position
to remain motionless
wstawać wstać
to rise to one’s feet

stand at attention v
stawać na baczność stać na baczność

stand corrected v
poprawię się
to acknowledge, after someone else's correction of a statement one made, that this statement was indeed incorrect and that this correction is justified

stand guard v
stanąć na straży stać na straży trzymać straż
to guard; to maintain a stance of vigilance in order to protect

stand in the way v
stanąć na drodze stanąć na przeszkodzie stanąć na zawadzie stawać na drodze stać na drodze stać na przeszkodzie
to impede the progress of

stand on ceremony v
ceregielić się certolić się certować się
act in a formal manner

stand on one's own two feet v
stanąć na własnych nogach stawać na własnych nogach
idiomatic: to be independent

stand one's ground v
trwać przy swoim
to remain resolute

stand out v
wyróżniać się
be obvious in contrast to one's surroundings

stand the test of time v
przetrwać próbę czasu
remain useful over a long period

stand trial /ˌstænd ˈtɹaɪ(ə)l/ /ˌstænd ˈtɹaɪəl/ v
stanąć przed sądem stawać przed sądem
to be put on trial in a court of law

stand up v
wstawać wstać
rise from a sitting position

stand up for v
stanął w obronie stawać w obronie
to speak or act in support or defense of

stand up to v
stawiać czoła stawić czoła
object or interfere

stand-alone /ˈstænd.əˌləʊn/ adj
autonomiczny niezależny samodzielny
operating without additions or assistance

stand-up n
stand-up
performance of stand-up comedy

stand-up comedy n
stand-up
comedy performed on stage by a single comedian

standard /ˈstændəd/ /ˈstændəɹd/ [ˈsteəndɚd] adj
nliteracki normatywny standardowy
conforming to the standard variety
standardowy
falling within an accepted range

standard /ˈstændəd/ /ˈstændəɹd/ [ˈsteəndɚd] n
norma literacka standard standard literacki
standard idiom
standard
level of quality
something used as a measure
sztandar
a flag or ensign

standard candle n
świeca standardowa

standard deviation n
odchylenie standardowe
statistical measure

standard dialect n
dialekt literacki dialekt standardowy narzecze ogólne
variety of language regarded as most "correct", widely accepted, or neutral

standard language n
język literacki język ogólny język standardowy dialekt kulturalny narzecze ogólne
standard variety
język literacki język standardowy
standardized language

standard of living n
stopa życiowa
relative measure of quality of life

standard variety n
narzecze ogólne odmiana literacka języka odmiana ogólna języka odmiana standardowa języka
variety of language regarded as most "correct", widely accepted, or neutral

standard-bearer n
chorąży poczet sztandarowy
person who carries flag or banner

standardise [ˈstændə(ɹ)daɪz] v
ustandaryzować
to make to conform to a standard

standardization n
normotwórstwo standaryzacja
process of establishing a standard

standing /ˈstændɪŋ/ adj
pozostający
permanent
stojący
upright

standing order n
zlecenie stałe
regular transfer of fixed sum between bank accounts

standpoint /ˈstændpɔɪnt/ n
punkt widzenia
point of view

stanza /ˈstænzə/ n
strofa zwrotka
a unit of a poem

stapes /ˈsteɪ.piːz/ n
strzemiączko

staphylococcal adj
gronkowcowy
relating to staphylococcus

staphylococcus /ˌstæfələˈkɔkəs/ /ˌstæfɪləˈkɒkəs/ n
gronkowiec
bacterium of the genus Staphylococcus

staple /ˈsteɪ.pəl/ n
podstawowe pożywienie
basic food
podstawowy artykuł
basic or essential supply
stapel
length of fibers in wool
klamra
U-shaped metal fastener
one of set of rods hammered into structure
wire fastener in general
zszywka
wire fastener used to secure stacks of paper

staple /ˈsteɪ.pəl/ v
zszyć
secure with a staple

stapler /ˈsteɪplə/ /ˈsteɪpləɹ/ n
zszywacz
device which binds together paper

star /staː(ɹ)/ /stɑɹ/ /stɑː(ɹ)/ n
gwiazda
a celestial body appearing as a point of light on the clear night sky, whose position is relatively fixed with respect to each other
(astronomy) a luminous celestial body made of plasma
concave polygon
actor
talented or famous person
gwiazda sława
celebrity
gwiazdka gwiazda
asterisk
quality rating symbol

star anise n
anyż gwiazdkowy anyż gwiaździsty badian badianek
the spice
badian właściwy
a plant, Illicium verum

star cluster n
gromada gwiazd
group of stars

star fruit n
oskomian pospolity
fruit

star system n
system gwiezdny układ gwiazd
group of stars that orbit one another

starboard /ˈstɑɹbɚd/ n
sterburta
right hand side of a vessel

starch /stɑɹt͡ʃ/ /stɑːt͡ʃ/ n
krochmal
laundry stiffener
skrobia
substance
carbohydrates
sztywność
stiff manner

starch /stɑɹt͡ʃ/ /stɑːt͡ʃ/ v
krochmalić
apply laundry starch

stardust /ˈstɑɹˌdʌst/ /ˈstɑːdʌst/ n
gwiezdny pył
distant cluster of stars resembling a cloud of dust

stare /stɛə(ɹ)/ /stɛɚ/ v
gapić się wpatrywać się
to look fixedly

starfish /ˈstɑː(ɹ)fɪʃ/ n
rozgwiazda
various echinoderms

stargate n
Gwiezdne wrota

stark /stɑɹk/ /stɑːk/ adj
gwałtowny
severe; violent; fierce (now usually in describing the weather)
sztywny twardy
(obsolete) hard, firm; obdurate

starkers /ˈstɑɹkɚz/ /ˈstɑːkəz/ adj
golusieńki goły jak święty turecki w czym Pan Bóg stworzył w stroju Adama
completely nude

starless adj
bezgwiezdny
without visible stars

starlight /ˈstɑː(ɹ)laɪt/ n
światło gwiazd
light emitted from stars other than the Sun

starling /ˈstɑɹlɪŋ/ /ˈstɑːlɪŋ/ n
izbica lodołam
pilings
szpak
bird

starlit adj
rozgwieżdżony

starry /ˈstɑɹ.i/ /ˈstɑː.ɹi/ adj
gwiaździsty gwiezdny gwieździsty rozgwieżdżony
having stars visible
gwiaździsty gwieździsty
shaped like a star

start /stɑɹt/ /stɑːt/ n
początek zaczątek
beginning of an activity
start
beginning point of a race

start /stɑɹt/ /stɑːt/ v
poderwać się
to jerk suddenly in surprise
ruszyć
to set in motion
uruchomić zapalić zapuścić
to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine
zacząć
to begin
zacząć rozpocząć
of an activity, to begin
zerwać się (z łóżka)
to awaken suddenly

starter /ˈstɑɹ.tɚ/ /ˈstɑː.tə(ɹ)/ [ˈstɑɹ.ɾɚ] n
rozrusznik
electric motor that starts an internal-combustion engine

starting point n
punkt wyjścia
first steps when commencing an activity
place where a journey starts

starting price n
cena wywoławcza
opening price at an auction

startup /ˈstɑɹtˌʌp/ [ˈstɑɹɾˌʌp] n
start up start-up startup
new company or organization or business venture
uruchamianie
act or process of starting a process or machine

starvation /stɑɹˈveɪʃən/ /stɑːˈveɪʃən/ n
wygłodzenie
condition

starve /stɑɹv/ /stɑːv/ v
głodować
to die because of lack of food

stasis /ˈsteɪsɪs/ n
zastój
pathology: slackening of blood current

stat /stæt/ adv
już natychmiast
Immediately, now

state /steɪt/ n
państwo stan
any sovereign polity
stan
computing: the stable condition of a processor during a particular clock cycle
computing: the set of all parameters relevant to a computation
computing: the values of all parameters at some point in a computation
stan kondycja
a condition
stan państwo
a political division of a federation retaining a degree of autonomy

state /steɪt/ v
oznajmiać oznajmić
make known
twierdzić stwierdzać stwierdzić
declare to be a fact

state capitalism n
kapitalizm państwowy
form of capitalism

state of affairs n
stan rzeczy
specific situation

state of being n
samopoczucie
overall physical condition

state of emergency n
stan nadzwyczajny
governmental decree

state of matter n
stan skupienia
different phases of matter

state of mind n
stan umysłu
psychological state

state of siege n
stan oblężenia stan wyjątkowy
military state of emergency

state of the art adj
najnowocześniejszy najnowszy
at the highest level of development

state religion n
religia państwowa
religious body or creed officially endorsed by the state

state secret n
tajemnica państwowa
restricted information of national importance

state the obvious v
stwierdzać oczywiste stwierdzić oczywiste

state visit n
wizyta państwowa
formal visit

state-owned enterprise n
przedsiębiorstwo państwowe
business

statehood /ˈsteɪthʊd/ n
państwowość
property of being a state

stateless adj
apatryda bezpaństwowy bezpaństwowiec
(law) without a state or nationality

statelessness n
bezpaństwowość
property of being stateless

statement /ˈsteɪtm(ə)nt/ /ˈsteɪtmənt/ n
instrukcja
computing: instruction in a computer program
oświadczenie
presentation of opinion or position
stwierdzenie twierdzenie
declaration or remark
wyciąg wypis
finance: document that summarizes financial activity

statesman /ˈsteɪtsmən/ n
mąż stanu
man who is a leader in national or international affairs
political leader who promotes the public good

statesmanship n
cechy męża stanu
craft or skill or being a statesman

statewide /steɪtˈwaɪd/ adj
ogólnopaństwowy
happening in or affecting an entire sovereign state
ogólnostanowy
happening in or affecting an entire state (political subdivision of a federal union)

statics n
statyka
branch of mechanics

station /ˈsteɪʃən/ n
stacja dworzec przystanek
place where a vehicle may stop

station wagon n
kombi
body style for cars

stationer's n
sklep papierniczy
stationery shop

stationery /ˈsteɪʃ(ə)n(ə)ɹi/ /ˈsteɪʃənɛɹi/ n
artykuły papiernicze
writing materials

stationwide adj
[[ogólny|ogólno-]]stacyjny

stationwide adv
przez całą stację

statistical /stəˈtɪs.tɪ.kəl/ [stəˈtɪs.tɪ.kl̩] adj
statystyczny
of or pertaining to statistics

statistical significance n
istotność
measure of unlikelihood

statistically /stəˈtɪs.tɪ.kli/ /stəˈtɪs.tɪ.kə.li/ [stəˈtɪs.tɪ.kl̩.i] adv
statystycznie
in a statistical way

statistician /ˌstætɪsˈtɪʃn̩/ n
statystyk
person who compiles, interprets, or studies statistics

statistics /stəˈtɪstɪks/ n
statystyka
mathematical discipline
collection of measurements

stative verb n
czasownik stanowy

statolith n
statolit
amyloplast involved in graviperception

stator n
stojan
stationary part of a motor

statue /ˈstæt.juː/ /ˈstæt͡ʃ.uː/ /ˈstæt͡ʃu/ n
posąg statua
three-dimensional work of art

statuelike adj
posągowy
Like a statue

statuesque /statjʊˈɛsk/ /statʃʊˈɛsk/ adj
posągowy
elegantly tall and graceful

statuette /ˌstætjuˈɛt/ /ˌstætʃuˈɛt/ n
statuetka posążek
a small statue

stature /ˈstæt͡ʃ.ə/ /ˈstæt͡ʃ.ɚ/ n
wysoka pozycja
respect coming from achievement or development
wzrost
a person or animal's natural height when standing upright

status /ˈsteɪ.təs/ /ˈsteː.təs/ /ˈstæt.əs/ /ˈstɛː.təs/ [ˈstæɾ.əs] n
stan
situation or state of affairs
status
person’s position or standing

status quo /ˌsteɪtəs ˈkwoʊ/ /ˌsteɪtəs ˈkwəʊ/ /ˌstætəs ˈkwoʊ/ [ˌstæɾəs ˈkwoʊ] n
status quo
the state of things

statute /ˈstæt͡ʃuːt/ n
statut ustawa
written law as laid down by the legislature

statute of limitations n
przedawnienie
law that sets a time limit after some legal action may not take place

statutory /ˈstætjʊt(ə)ɹɪ/ /ˈstæt͡ʃəˌtɔɹi/ adj
ustawowy
relating to a statute

staunch /stɑn(t)ʃ/ /stɑːn(t)ʃ/ /stɔn(t)ʃ/ /stɔːn(t)ʃ/ adj
wierny
dependable, loyal, reliable, trustworthy

staurolite n
staurolit
mineral

stave church n
kościół słupowy
wooden church of a medieval type

stave off v
zapobiegać
prevent something from happening

stay /steɪ/ n
pobyt
residence, sojourn
sztag
nautical: strong rope supporting a mast

stay /steɪ/ v
zostawać
to continue to have a particular quality
zostawać zostać pozostawać pozostać
to remain in a particular place

stay the night v
nocować przenocować zanocować zostawać na noc zostać na noc
stay overnight

stay up late v
markować

stay-at-home adj
niezatrudniony
of a parent not employed

staysail n
sztagżagiel sztaksel
fore-and-aft rigged sail

steadfast /ˈstɛdfæst/ /ˈstɛdfɑːst/ /ˈstɛdfəst/ adj
niezachwiany niezłomny
fixed or unchanging; steady
oddany
firmly loyal or constant; unswerving

steadfastness n
nieugiętość niezłomność
loyalty in the face of trouble

steak /steɪk/ n
befsztyk stek
slice of beef

steak knife n
nóż do steków
knife with a sharp blade

steak tartare n
befsztyk tatarski tatar
dish

steakhouse n
restauracja serwująca steki
restaurant

steal /stiːl/ n
kradzież
the act of stealing

steal /stiːl/ v
kraść ukraść buchnąć zwinąć zwędzić capnąć
to illegally take possession of
skradać
to get or effect surreptitiously or artfully

steal the show v
teatr jednego aktora
be the best performer

stealth /stɛlθ/ n
chytrość podstęp
attribute or characteristic of acting in secrecy

steam /stim/ /stiːm/ n
para
pressurized water vapor
para wodna
water vapor

steam /stim/ /stiːm/ v
parować
to produce or vent steam

steam bath n
łaźnia parowa
room for bathing

steam engine n
maszyna parowy
piston engine driven by steam

steam locomotive /stiːm ˌloʊkəˈmoʊtiv/ /stiːm ˌləʊkəʊˈməʊtiv/ n
parowóz
locomotive powered by steam

steam room n
sauna parowa łaźnia parowa
a hot room that is filled with steam in which people sit for health reasons

steam shovel /ˈstim ˌʃʌv(ə)l/ /ˈstiːm ˌʃʌvl̩/ n
koparka parowa
excavating machine designed to effect a shovelling action through steam power

steam turbine n
turbina parowa
system through which steam is passed

steamboat /ˈstimˌboʊt/ /ˈstiːmˌbəʊt/ n
parowiec parostatek
vessel powered by steam

steamer /ˈstimɚ/ /ˈstiːmə(ɹ)/ n
parowar
cooking appliance
vessel in which articles are subjected to the action of steam
parowiec

steaming /ˈstiː.mɪŋ/ n
gotowanie na parze
method of cooking by immersion in steam

steampunk /ˈstiːm.pʌŋk/ n
steampunk
subgenre of speculative science fiction

steamship n
parowiec
vessel propelled by steam

steamy /ˈstiː.mi/ adj
zmysłowy
erotic

stearin /ˈstɪəɹɪn/ n
stearyna
the triglyceride of stearic acid

steatopygia n
steatopygia
the presence of excessive amount of fat in the buttocks

steatopygous /ˌstɪ.ə.to(ʊ)ˈpaɪ.ɡəs/ /ˌstɪ.ə.tə(ʊ)ˈpaɪ.ɡəs/ /ˌstɪ.əˈtɑ.pɪ.ɡəs/ /ˌstɪ.əˈtɒ.pɪ.ɡəs/ adj
steatopygia
having fat or prominent buttocks

steed /stiːd/ n
rumak Pegaz
stallion

steel /stiːl/ [stiːɫ] adj
stalowy
made of steel

steel /stiːl/ [stiːɫ] n
stal
metal produced from iron

steel square n
węgielnica
tool used to measure out right angles

steelworks n
huta stalownia
place where steel is manufactured and/or shaped

steely /ˈstiːli/ adj
stalowy

steelyard /ˈstiːljɑːd/ /ˈstiːljɑːɹd/ /ˈstiːljəd/ /ˈstiːljɚd/ /ˈstɪljəɹd/ n
bezmian przezmian
steelyard balance

steep /stiːp/ adj
stromy
near-vertical

steep /stiːp/ v
zaparzać zaparzyć
to make tea or other beverage

steeple /ˈstiːpəl/ n
dzwonnica
a tall tower, often on a church

steer /stɪə(ɹ)/ /stɪɚ/ /stɪɹ/ n
młody wół
castrated male of cattle

steer /stɪə(ɹ)/ /stɪɚ/ /stɪɹ/ v
kierować sterować
transitive: to guide the course of
intransitive: to guide the course

steerageway /ˈstiɹɪd͡ʒˌweɪ/ /ˈstɪə.ɹɪd͡ʒˌweɪ/ n
prędkość sterowna
minimum speed of a ship

steering group n
grupa koordynująca
A committee that arranges the schedule of business for a legislative assembly or other organization

steering wheel n
kierownica
wheel-shaped control

steganography /ˌstɛ.ɡəˈnɔ.ɡɹə.fi/ /ˌstɛɡ.ənˈɒɡ.ɹə.fi/ n
steganografia
steganography

stegosaur /ˈstɛɡəsoɹ/ n
stegozaur
dinosaur in Stegosauria

stegosaurus n
stegozaur
extinct reptile

stein /staɪn/ n
kufel
a beer mug

stele /stiːl/ /ˈstiːli/ n
stela
(archaeology) tall, slender stone monument
(botany) central core of the root and shoot system

stellar /ˈstɛlə/ /ˈstɛlɚ/ adj
gwiazdowy gwiezdny stelarny
of, pertaining to, or characteristic of stars

stellar wind n
wiatr gwiazdowy
equivalent of solar wind

stem /stɛm/ n
badyl
botany: above-ground stalk of a vascular plant
cybuch
narrow supporting structure on certain man-made objects
ogonek
slender supporting member for an individual part of a plant
rdzeń temat
linguistics: main part of a word
stewa
nautical: forward vertical extension of the keel

stem /stɛm/ v
wywodzić się
to be caused or derived
tamować
to stop, hinder

stem cell n
komórka macierzysta komórka pnia
primal undifferentiated cell

stemless adj
bezogonkowy

stench /stɛnt͡ʃ/ n
smród fetor
a strong foul smell, a stink

stencil /ˈstɛnsəl/ /ˈstɛnsɪl/ n
szablon
thin sheet; utensil

steno- prefix
steno-

stenobiont n
stenobiont

stenobiontic adj
stenobiontyczny

stenographer /stəˈnɑɡɹəfəɹ/ /stəˈnɒɡɹəfə/ n
stenograf stenografka
someone skilled in the transcription of speech

stenography /stəˈnɑɡɹəfi/ /stɪˈnɒɡɹəfi/ n
stenografia
the practice of transcribing speech, usually using shorthand

stentorian /stɛnˈtɔː.ɹi.ən/ adj
stentorowy tubalny
of a voice suitable for giving speeches to large crowds

step /stɛp/ n
drabina drabinka drabka
in the plural: portable framework of stairs
krok
pace
proceeding; measure; action; act
space passed over by one movement of the foot in walking or running
krok chód
manner of walking
krok kroczek
small space or distance
stopień
one of a set of rests in a stair or ladder
running board
ślad
footstep

step /stɛp/ v
kroczyć
intransitive: to walk slowly, gravely, or resolutely

step ladder n
składana drabinka taboret składany
ladder with steps or treads instead of rungs

step on it v
dawać gazu dać gazu
to drive fast

step out of line v
wyłamać się wyłamywać się

step up v
przyspieszyć wzmagać
to increase speed or rate

step up one's game v
podnieść poprzeczkę podnosić poprzeczkę

stepbrother n
przybrany brat
son of one's stepfather or stepmother

stepdaughter n
pasierbica
daughter of one's spouse and not of oneself

stepfamily n
przybrana rodzina
a family having stepchildren or stepparents

stepfather n
ojczym
husband of one's biological mother, other than one's biological father

stepmother /ˈstɛpmʌðə/ n
macocha
wife of one's biological father, not one's biological mother

steppe /stɛp/ n
step
the grasslands of Eastern Europe and Asia

steppe eagle n
orzeł stepowy
Aquila nipalensis

steppic adj
stepowy
pertaining to a steppe

stepsibling n
przybrane rodzeństwo
stepbrother or stepsister

stepsister n
przybrana siostra
daughter from the previous marriage of a stepparent

stepson /ˈstɛpsʌn/ n
pasierb
son of one's spouse and not of oneself

steradian n
steradian
derived unit of solid angle

stereo /ˈstɛ.ɹi.əʊ/ /ˈstɛəɹ.i.oʊ/ adj
dźwięk stereo stereo
of sound
stereograf stereogram
of a pit of images

stereo /ˈstɛ.ɹi.əʊ/ /ˈstɛəɹ.i.oʊ/ n
sprzęt stereo
device
stereo
system

stereognosis n
stereognozja

stereometry /stɛɹiːˈɒmətɹi/ n
stereometria
science of measuring solids

stereomicroscope n
binokular

stereophonic adj
stereofoniczny
using two channels

stereotype /ˈstɛ.ɹi.əˌtaɪp/ /ˈstɪə.ɹi.əˌtaɪp/ n
stereotyp
conventional, formulaic, and oversimplified conception, opinion, or image
extensibility mechanism of UML

sterile /ˈstɛɹaɪl/ /ˈstɛɹəl/ adj
bezpłodny
unable to reproduce
fruitless, uninspiring, or unproductive
sterylny
germless

sterility n
bezpłodność
state of being sterile

sterilizable adj
dający się sterylizować
able to be sterilized

sterilization n
sterylizacja
monetary policy operation used to offset a foreign exchange intervention
sterylizacja odkażanie wyjaławianie
process of treating something to kill microorganisms
ubezpłodnienie sterylizacja
procedure to permanently prevent an organism from reproducing

sterilize /ˈstɛrɪlʌɪz/ v
sterylizować
(biology) to destroy all spores or germs
disable ability to procreate

sterling /ˈstɜː.lɪŋ/ /ˈstɝ.lɪŋ/ n
funt funt sterling funt szterling sterling szterling
the currency of the United Kingdom; especially the pound

stern /stɜːn/ /stɝn/ adj
surowy
having a hardness and severity of nature or manner

stern /stɜːn/ /stɝn/ n
rufa
the rear part or after end of a ship or vessel

steroid /ˈstɛɹɔɪd/ /ˈstɪəɹɔɪd/ n
steroid
class of organic compounds

stethoscope /ˈstɛθəskəʊp/ /ˈstɛθəsˌkoʊp/ n
słuchawka stetoskop
medical instrument

stevia /ˈstiːvɪə/ /ˈstɛvɪə/ n
skupnia stewia
any species of genus Stevia
stewia stewiozyd
sweetener

stew /stjuː/ /stu/ /stʃuː/ /stʃʉː/ n
gulasz potrawka
dish

stew /stjuː/ /stu/ /stʃuː/ /stʃʉː/ v
dusić
to cook (food)

stewardess /stjuː.əˈdɛs/ /ˈstjuː.ə.dɛs/ /ˈstjuː.ə.dɪs/ /ˈstjʊə.dɪs/ /ˈstu.ɚ.dɪs/ /ˈstʊɹ.dɪs/ n
stewardesa stewardessa
female flight attendant

sticharion n
sticharion
clerical garb

stichomythia /stɪkəˈmɪθɪə/ n
stychomytia
technique in drama

stick /stɪk/ n
drążek
gearstick, stickshift
kij
hockey stick
kij laska kostur
cane or walking stick
kij pałka
long piece of wood
patyk gałązka
twig or small branch
sterownica wolant
control column of an aircraft

stick /stɪk/ v
kleić przykleić przyklejać przylepiać przylepić
to glue; to adhere (transitive)
przykleić przyklejać przylepiać przylepić
to become attached, to adhere (intransitive)

stick 'em up phraseologicalUnit
ręce do góry
put your hands in the air

stick in the mud /ˈstɪk.ɪn.ðəˌmʌd/ n
beton
one who is slow, old-fashioned, or unprogressive

stick insect n
patyczak
insects of the order Phasmida

stick one's neck out v
nadstawiać karku nadstawić karku
putting oneself in a vulnerable position

stick one's nose in v
wsadzać nos wsadzić nos
to be nosy

stick one's nose into v
wsadzać nos wsadzić nos
to interfere

stick one's tongue out /stɪk wʌnz tʌŋ aʊt/ v
pokazać język
to push one's tongue out

stick to one's guns v
obstawać przy swoim obstać przy swoim
to maintain one's viewpoint when faced with opposition

stick to one's knitting v
nie wsadzać nos w nie swoje sprawy
to concentrate on one's own stuff

stick up one's ass n
mieć kija w dupie
stiff, uptight or humorless manner

sticker /ˈstɪkə/ /ˈstɪkɚ/ n
kleiwo klej
something that sticks
nalepka naklejka
adhesive label or decal

stickiness n
czepliwość kleistość lepkość przylepność
property of sticking or adhering

stickler /ˈstɪk.lə/ n
pedant pedantka
someone who insistently advocates for something

sticky /ˈstɪki/ adj
lepki
able or likely to stick

sticky fingers n
lepkie ręce
inclination to steal

stiff /stɪf/ adj
sztywny
of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible

stiff neck n
twardy kark
discomfort or pain when trying to turn or move the neck

stigma /ˈstɪɡmə/ n
piętno stygmat
mark of infamy
piętno znamię
scar or birthmark
stygmat
Christianity: mark on the body corresponding to one of the wounds of the Crucifixion on Jesus' body
stigma
a ligature of the Greek letters sigma and tau

stiletto /stɪˈlɛtoʊ/ /stɪˈlɛtəʊ/ [stɪˈlɛɾoʊ] n
szpilka
woman's shoe with a tall, slender heel
sztylet
stabbing weapon

stiletto heel n
szpilka
heel of a high and narrow shoe

still /stɪl/ [stɪɫ] adj
niegazowany
(of drinking water) not effervescent
nieruchomy
not moving, calm

still /stɪl/ [stɪɫ] adv
jeszcze
to an even greater degree
jeszcze nadal wciąż ciągle dalej stale
up to a time, as in the preceding time

still /stɪl/ [stɪɫ] n
fotos
photography: a non-moving photograph

still life n
martwa natura
work of art

still waters run deep proverb
cicha woda brzegi rwie
a person's calm appearance may be misleading

stilt /stɪlt/ n
szczudłak
bird
szczudło
walking pole
pillar

stilt sandpiper n
biegus brodzcowaty
Calidris himantopus

stilted /ˈstɪltɪd/ adj
nadęty paradny pompatyczny
stiff and artificially pompous
nienaturalny sztuczny wymuszony
stiff and artificially formal

stiltwalker n
szczudlarka szczudlarz
a person who walks on stilts

stilyaga n
bikiniara bikiniarz

stimulant /ˈstɪmjʊlənt/ n
używka
substance acting to increase physiological or nervous activity in the body

stimulate /ˈstɪm.jəˌleɪt/ /ˈstɪm.jʊ.leɪt/ v
stymulować
to encourage into action

stimulating adj
bodźcowy
that stimulates

stimulatingly adv
bodźcowo

stimulus /ˈstɪm.jə.ləs/ n
bodziec
anything that may have an impact or influence on a system
something external that elicits or influences a physiological or psychological activity or response

sting /stɪŋ/ n
ukąszenie
bump on skin after having been stung
puncture (by an insect or arachnid)

sting /stɪŋ/ v
kąsać żądlić ukąsić użądlić
of an insect or arachnid: to puncture with the stinger

stinger /ˈstɪŋ.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈstɪŋ.ɚ/ n
żądło
pointed portion of an insect

stinginess n
skąpość
lack of generosity

stingy /ˈstɪnd͡ʒi/ adj
skąpy oszczędny
unwilling to spend or give

stink /stɪŋk/ n
smród odór
strong bad smell

stink /stɪŋk/ v
śmierdzieć
give an impression of dishonesty or untruth
śmierdzieć cuchnąć capić jebać jechać trącić
have a strong bad smell

stinkbomb n
bomba z cuchnącym gazem
device that produces unpleasant smells

stinker /ˈstɪŋ.kə(ɹ)/ /ˈstɪŋ.kɚ/ n
śmierdziel
person who stinks

stinky /ˈstɪŋki/ adj
śmierdzący
having a strong, unpleasant smell

stint /stɪnt/ v
skąpić
to be sparing or mean

stipulation /ˌstɪp.jəˈleɪ.ʃən/ n
warunek zastrzeżenie
something that is stated or stipulated as a condition of an agreement

stipule /ˈstɪpjuːl/ n
przylistek
basal appendage

stir /stɜː/ /stɝ/ n
afera bigos
Public disturbance or commotion

stir /stɜː/ /stɝ/ v
mieszać bełtać wymieszać zbełtać
to disturb the relative position of the particles of

stir the pot v
wsadzać kij w mrowisko wsadzić kij w mrowisko zamieszać
to cause unrest or dissent

stir up v
wzniecać wywoływać
to cause (trouble etc)

stirrup /ˈstɝ.əp/ /ˈstɪɹ.əp/ n
strzemię
footrest used by riders

stirrup cup n
strzemienny
(historical) parting drink taken after mounting one's horse

stitch /stɪt͡ʃ/ n
kolka
an intense stabbing pain under the lower edge of the ribcage
oczko
single turn of the thread in knitting
ścieg
single pass of the needle in sewing
arrangement of stitches or method of stitching in sewing
ścieg splot
arrangement of stitches or method of stitching in knitting

stitchwort n
wiazdnica wielkokwiatowa
Stellaria holostea

stochastic /stəˈkæstɪk/ /ˈstoʊkæstɪk/ /ˈstoʊt͡ʃæstɪk/ /ˈstəʉkæstɪk/ adj
stochastyczny
random

stochastic matrix n
macierz stochastyczna
matrix

stochastic process n
proces stochastyczny
a function mapping to set of random variables

stochastics n
stochastyka
branch of statistics

stock /stɑk/ /stɒk/ n
asortyment sortyment
store of goods for sale
halsztuk
necktie
kolba
part of gun

stock character n
stereotypowa postać fikcyjna
fictional character based on a recognizable stereotype

stock dove n
gołąb siniak siniak
stock dove, Columba oenas

stock exchange n
giełda
building and the associated organization

stock market n
giełda
market for the trading of company stock

stockbroker n
broker
person who buys and sells shares

stockfish /ˈstɒkfɪʃ/ n
sztokfisz stokfisz
cured fish

stocking /ˈstɑkɪŋ/ /ˈstɒkɪŋ/ n
pończocha
garment (for translations of "sock", see sock)

stockpile /ˈstɑkˌpaɪl/ /ˈstɒkpaɪl/ n
zapas zapasy
supply of something kept for future use

stockpile /ˈstɑkˌpaɪl/ /ˈstɒkpaɪl/ v
gromadzić zapasy
to accumulate or build up a supply of (something)

stocks /stɑks/ /stɒks/ n
dyby
device for public humiliation and punishment

stocktaking n
inwentaryzacja
act of taking an inventory of merchandise etc

stocky adj
krępy
solidly built

stodgy /ˈstɒ.d͡ʒi/ adj
ciężki ciężkostrawny
thick (food)

stoic /ˈstoʊɪk/ /ˈstəʊɪk/ adj
stoicki
not affected by pain or distress

stoichiometric adj
stechiometryczny
of, or relating to stoichiometry

stoichiometry /ˌstɔɪ.kiˈɒm.ə.tɹi/ n
stechiometria
the study of the relationships of reactants and products in chemical reactions

stoker /ˈstoʊkɚ/ /ˈstəʊkə/ n
palacz palacz kotłowy
person who stokes

stola n
stola
traditional garment of women in ancient Rome

stole /ˈstoʊl/ /ˈstəʊl/ n
etola
scarf-like garment
stuła
ecclesiastical garment

stolen /ˈstəʊlən/ adj
ukradziony
that has been stolen

stomach /ˈstɐmək/ /ˈstɐmɪk/ /ˈstʌmək/ n
brzuch żywot
belly
żołądek
digestive organ

stomach cancer n
rak żołądka
cancer of the stomach

stomachache /ˈstʌməkˌeɪk/ n
ból brzucha
pain in the abdomen

stomatologist n
stomatolog stomatolożka
practitioner of stomatology

stomatology n
stomatologia
study of the mouth

stomp /stɑmp/ /stɒmp/ v
deptać
grape crushing

stone /stoʊn/ /stɐʉn/ /stəʊn/ adj
kamienny kamień
constructed of stone

stone /stoʊn/ /stɐʉn/ /stəʊn/ n
kamień
substance
medical: hard, stone-like deposit
unit of mass
kamyk kamień
small piece of stone
pestka
centre of some fruits

stone /stoʊn/ /stɐʉn/ /stəʊn/ v
drylować
to remove stone from
kamienować ukamienować
To pelt with stones

stone bramble n
kamionka
Rubus saxatilis

stone curlew /stəʊnˈkɜːlju/ n
kulon
species of large terrestrial birds

stone deaf adj
głuchy jak pień
utterly deaf

stone loach n
śliz pospolity
Barbatula barbatula

stone's throw n
rzut beretem rzut kamieniem
short distance

stonechat n
kląskawka
bird

stonecrop n
rozchodnik
Sedum

stonefish n
synanceja szkaradnica
tropical marine fish

stonen adj
kamienny
Made of stone

stoneseed n
nawrot
any plant of the genus Lithospermum

stoneware n
kamionka
type of pottery

stony /ˈstoʊni/ /ˈstəʊni/ adj
kamienisty
containing stones
kamienny
hard as stone

stooge /stuːd͡ʒ/ n
marionetka pionek

stool /stuːl/ n
stolec kał
stołek taboret
a seat

stool pigeon n
kabel kapuś
decoy

stoop /stuːp/ v
nachylać się nachylić się pochylać się pochylić się schylać się schylić się
to bend the upper part of the body forward and downward
zniżać się zniżyć się
to lower oneself; to demean or do something below one's status, standards, or morals

stop /stɑp/ /stɒp/ n
przystanek
place to get on and off mass transport

stop /stɑp/ /stɒp/ v
przestać
not to continue
zatrzymać
to cause to cease moving
zatrzymać się
to cease moving
to stay a while

stop by v
wstąpić wstępować
to pay a visit briefly

stop sign n
stop
traffic sign

stop someone in their tracks v
zatrzymać zatrzymywać

stop the car phraseologicalUnit
zatrzymaj samochódǃ
stop the car

stop thief interjection
zatrzymaj się złodzieju

stopgap /ˈstɑpˌɡæp/ /ˈstɒpɡæp/ n
prowizorka zapchajdziura
short-term fix or temporary measure used until something better can be obtained

stopover n
postój przerwa (w podróży)
interruption in a journey

stopper /ˈstɑ.pɚ/ /ˈstɒp.ə/ /ˈstɔp.ə/ n
bloker
type of knot

stopwatch n
sekundomierz stoper
timepiece

storage /ˈstɔ.ɹɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈstɔː.ɹɪd͡ʒ/ n
przechowalnia schowek skład składnica składzik zbiornica
place

storage device n
urządzenie pamięci masowej
piece of hardware for storage of data

storage medium n
nośnik danych

storage organ n
organ spichrzowy
botany: part of plant modified for storage of energy

storax n
styrak styrakowiec
any member of the genus Styrax

store /sto(ː)ɹ/ /stoə/ /stɔɹ/ /stɔː/ n
magazyn skład
place where items may be kept
zapas
supply held in storage

store /sto(ː)ɹ/ /stoə/ /stɔɹ/ /stɔː/ v
przechowywać przechować
keep (something) while not in use

storey /ˈstɔːɹi/ /ˈstɔːɹɪ/ n
piętro kondygnacja poziom
floor, level

stork /stɔɹk/ /stɔːk/ n
bocian
mythical bringer of babies
bocian bociek bocianica
large wading bird of the family Ciconiidae

storklike adj
bocianowaty

storkling /ˈstoːɹklɪŋ/ /ˈstoːɻklɪŋ/ /ˈstɒːɹklɪŋ/ /ˈstɔɹklɪŋ/ /ˈstɔːklɪŋ/ n
bocianię
young of a stork

storksbill n
iglica
plant of the genus Erodium

storm /stɔɹm/ /stɔːm/ n
sztorm burza
disturbed state of the atmosphere causing destructive or unpleasant weather
szturm
violent assault on a fortified position or stronghold

storm /stɔɹm/ /stɔːm/ v
szturmować
to violently assault (a fortified position or stronghold, a building, etc.) with the aim of gaining control of it

storm drain n
burzowiec
conduit for rainwater

stormtrooper /ˈstɔːmtɹuːpə/ n
szturmowiec
a specially trained soldier

stormy /ˈstɔɹmi/ adj
burzliwy
violent; passionate; rough
burzowy
of or pertaining to storms; strong winds, rough seas, heavy rain etc.

story /ˈstɔɹ.i/ /ˈstɔː.ɹi/ n
historia opowieść
account of events

story arc /ˈstɔː.ɹi ɑɹk/ /ˈstɔː.ɹi ɑːk/ n
akcja
narrative line within a fictional plot

storyless adj
afabularny

storylessly adv
afabularnie

storylessness n
afabularność

storyteller n
baj bajacz bajaczka bajarka bajarz bajduła
person who relates stories to an audience
bajarka bajarz
liar

storytelling n
bajarstwo gawędziarstwo

stout /staʊt/ /stʌʊt/ adj
tęgi
large, bulky, corpulent

stoutness n
tusza
a state or quality of being stout

stove /stoʊv/ /stəʊv/ n
kuchenka
device for heating food
piecyk kuchenka
heater

stowage n
arymaż
the act or practice of stowing

stowaway /ˈstəʊəˌweɪ/ n
pasażer na gapę ślepy pasażer
person who hides on a ship, train, etc.

strabismus /stɹəˈbɪzməs/ n
zez
defect of vision

stracciatella /ˌstɹæt͡ʃəˈtɛlə/ /ˌstɹɑt͡ʃi.əˈtɛlə/ n
stracciatella straciatella
an Italian ice cream with chocolate shavings
an Italian soup made from a mixture of cheese and egg in a broth

straddle /ˈstɹæd.l̩/ n
rozkrok
posture

straggler /ˈstɹæɡlə/ /ˈstɹæɡlɚ/ /ˈstɹæɡl̩ɚ/ n
maruder maruderka
one who falls behind the rest

straight /stɹeɪt/ adj
hetero
heterosexual
prosty
not crooked or bent
direct, truthful, frank
having all cylinders in a single row

straight /stɹeɪt/ adv
prosto
in a forward direction

straight /stɹeɪt/ n
strit
five cards in sequence

straight A adj
piątkowy
pertaining to one who makes straight As

straight ahead adv
prosto
directly ahead, without deviation

straight and narrow n
iść prostą drogą prosta droga pójść prostą drogą

straight angle n
kąt półpełny
angle equal to 180°

straight flush n
poker
poker hand

straighten up and fly right v
poważnieć spoważnieć
To start behaving properly; get one's act together

straightener /ˈstɹeɪt(ə)nɚ/ n
prostownica
metal tongs used for straightening hair

straightforward adj
bezpośredni prostolinijny
not deviating; forthright; frank; sincere

straightforwardly adv
prostolinijnie
in a straightforward manner

straightly adv
prosto
agreeably; correspondingly; suitably; in a manner conformable

strain /stɹeɪn/ n
szczep
race, lineage, pedigree
szczep rasa odmiana
particular variety of microbe, organism etc.

strainer /ˈstɹeɪnɚ/ n
sito cedzak
utensil

strait /stɹeɪt/ n
cieśnina
narrow channel of water

straitjacket /ˈstɹeɪtˌd͡ʒækɪt/ n
kaftan bezpieczeństwa
a jacket-like garment

strand /stɹænd/ [stɹɛənd] n
plaża
beach

strange /stɹeɪnd͡ʒ/ adj
dziwny
in quantum mechanics
dziwny osobliwy cudaczny nienormalny niezwyczajny
not normal
obcy
belonging to another country, foreign
not yet part of one’s experience

strange bird n
dziwoląg
an unusual person

strangely /ˈstɹeɪnd͡ʒli/ adv
dziwnie dziwacznie
in a strange manner

stranger /ˈstɹeɪnd͡ʒə/ /ˈstɹeɪnd͡ʒɚ/ n
cudzoziemiec cudzoziemka
outsider or foreigner
obcy nieznajomy nieznajoma
person whom one does not know
przybysz przybyszka
newcomer

stranglehold n
kontrola nad sytuacją
grip or control so strong as to stifle or cut off

strangler /ˈstɹæŋɡ(ə)lə/ n
dusiciel
someone who strangles

strangles /ˈstɹæŋɡ(ə)lz/ /ˈstɹæŋɡəlz/ n
zołzy
disease of horses

strangulation n
uduszenie
act of strangling

strap /stɹæp/ n
ramiączko
a shoulder strap

stratagem /ˈstɹæt.ə.d͡ʒəm/ n
chwyt fortel zagrywka
tactic

strategic /stɹəˈtiː.d͡ʒɪk/ adj
strategiczny
of or pertaining to strategy

strategically adv
strategicznie
in a strategic manner

strategist /ˈstɹætəd͡ʒɪst/ n
strateg
one who devises strategies

strategy /ˈstɹæt.ə.d͡ʒi/ n
strategia
plan of action
science and art of military command
techniques in politics or business

stratigraphy /stɹəˈtɪɡ.ɹəfi/ /ˈstɹæt.əˌɡɹæf.i/ n
stratygrafia
study of rock layers

stratosphere n
stratosfera
region of the uppermost atmosphere

stratovolcano n
stratowulkan
volcano

stratum /ˈstɹaː.təm/ /ˈstɹeɪ.təm/ /ˈstɹæt.əm/ /ˈstɹɑː.təm/ [ˈstɹeɪ.ɾəm] [ˈstɹæɾ.əm] n
piętro warstwa
layer of vegetation

straw /stɹɑ/ /stɹɔ/ /stɹɔː/ adj
słomiany
made of straw

straw /stɹɑ/ /stɹɔ/ /stɹɔː/ n
słoma
dried stalks considered collectively
słomka słoma
a dried stalk of a cereal plant

straw mushroom n
grzyb słomkowy
small edible mushroom, Volvariella volvacea

strawberry /ˈstɹɑˌbɛɹi/ /ˈstɹɔˌbɛɹi/ /ˈstɹɔːb(ə)ɹi/ adj
truskawkowy
colour
flavour

strawberry /ˈstɹɑˌbɛɹi/ /ˈstɹɔˌbɛɹi/ /ˈstɹɔːb(ə)ɹi/ n
truskawka poziomka
fruit
plant

strawberry saxifrage n
skalnica rozłogowa
Saxifraga stolonifera

strawberry tree n
chruścina jagodna poziomkowiec
the European plant Arbutus unedo

strawen /ˈstɹɔːən/ adj
słomiany
Made of straw

stray /stɹeɪ/ adj
bezdomny bezpański zbłąkany
having gone astray

stray /stɹeɪ/ v
błądzić zabłądzić zbłądzić
to wander from a direct course
to err

stray bullet n
zbłąkana kula
a bullet that hits an unintended target

stray dog n
bezpański pies zabłąkany pies

streak /stɹiːk/ n
passa
continuous series of events

streak-backed antshrike n
chronka wenezuelska
Thamnophilus insignis

stream /stɹiːm/ n
potok rzeczka strumień ciek
small river
strumień
computing: source or repository of data

stream of consciousness n
strumień świadomości
literary device

streamer /ˈstɹiːmɚ/ n
proporczyk proporzec wimpel
long narrow flag

street /stɹit/ /stɹiːt/ [skɹitˀ] [ʃkɹitˀ] [ʃtɹ̠̊iʔ] [ˈʃt͡ʃɹitˀ] n
ulica
paved part of road in a village or a town

street corner n
róg ulicy
corner of a street

street racing n
wyścigów ulicznych
Motorsport held on public roads

street sign n
tablica ulicowa
sign showing the name of a street

street smarts n
wiedza praktyczna
practical knowledge concerning human behavior

street sweeper n
zamiatacz
person employed to sweep streets, etc.
zamiatarka
machine used to sweep streets

street urchin n
ulicznik
child living, or spending most of their time, in the streets

street-smart adj
praktycznie mądry
having practical knowledge

streetfight n
walka uliczna

streetlight n
latarnia uliczna
lamps set along a street

strength /stɹɛŋkθ/ /stɹɛŋθ/ [st̠͡ɹ̠eɪŋkθ] [st̠͡ɹ̠ɛn̪θ] [st̠͡ɹ̠ɛŋkθ] [st̠͡ɹ̠ɛɪŋkθ] [st̠͡ɹ̠ɪŋkθ] n
mocna strona zaleta
positive attribute
siła moc
quality of being strong

strengthen /ˈstɹɛnθən/ /ˈstɹɛŋ(k)θən/ /ˈʃt͡ʃɹeɪŋ(k)θən/ v
stawać się coraz silniejszym stawać się mocniejszym wzmacniać wzmocnić
to grow strong or stronger
wzmocnić pokrzepiać wzmacniać
to make strong or stronger

strengthening n
wzmacniająca
process by which something is strengthened

strenuous /ˈstɹɛnjuəs/ adj
żmudny
requiring great exertion

streptococcus n
paciorkowiec
bacterium

stress /stɹɛs/ n
emfaza nacisk
on a point in an argument
naprężenie
(physics) internal force across a boundary per area
stres
emotional pressure

stress /stɹɛs/ v
akcentować podkreślać podkreślić zaakcentować
to emphasise (a point)
to emphasise (words in speaking)
akcentować zaakcentować
to emphasise (a syllable)

stressed /stɹɛst/ adj
akcentowany
having a stress or accent

stressful /ˈstɹɛsfəl/ adj
stresujący
irritating; causing stress

stretch /stɹɛt͡ʃ/ n
elastyczność rozciągalność rozciągliwość
ability to lengthen when pulled
odcinek
segment of a journey or route
rozciąganie
act of stretching

stretch mark n
rozstęp
stripes on the surface of the skin

stretcher /ˈstɹɛt͡ʃə/ /ˈstɹɛt͡ʃɚ/ n
blejtram krosna malarskie
frame on which a canvas is stretched for painting
nosze
simple litter designed to carry a sick, injured, or dead person

stretcher-bearer n
noszowy
person who carries people on a stretcher

strew /stɹu/ /stɹuː/ v
rozrzucić
to distribute objects or pieces of something

striated muscle n
mięsień prążkowany
muscle tissue that appears striped under the microscope

strict /stɹɪkt/ adj
srogi surowy
severe in discipline

strictly /ˈstɹɪktli/ adv
dokładnie sensu stricto stricte ściśle
in a narrow or limited sense
surowo
in a strict manner
tylko wyłącznie
in a limited manner

strictly speaking adv
ściśle mówiąc
technically

stricto sensu phraseologicalUnit
stricto sensu ściśle mówiąc
in the strict sense

stride /stɹaɪd/ n
krok
long step

stride /stɹaɪd/ v
kroczyć
to walk with long steps

strider n
wędrowiec
one who strides

strife /stɹaɪf/ n
konflikt kłótnia niesnaska
violent conflict

strike /stiː.ɹaɪk/ /stɹaɪk/ [stiː.ɹ̠ʌɪ̯k(ʰ)] n
strajk
work stoppage
uderzenie
physical blow

strike /stiː.ɹaɪk/ /stɹaɪk/ [stiː.ɹ̠ʌɪ̯k(ʰ)] v
strajkować
to stop working as a form of protest
trafiać
to hit

strike gold v
trafiać na żyłę złota trafić na żyłę złota
to be lucky, to win, to be successful
to find gold

strike while the iron is hot v
kuć żelazo, póki gorące kuj żelazo póki gorące
act on an opportunity promptly

strikebreaker n
łamistrajk
worker hired to replace a striking worker

strikebreaking n
łamistrajkostwo
activity to break a strike

striker /ˈstɹaɪkə/ /ˈstɹaɪkɚ/ n
bijnik
part of a firearm

striking /ˈstɹaɪkɪŋ/ adj
uderzający
of that which makes a strong impression

strikingly adv
uderzająco
in a striking manner

string /stɹɪŋ/ n
struna
string of a musical instrument
any similar long, thin and flexible object
physics: subject of study in string theory
sznurek
long, thin structure made from twisted threads

string bean n
dryblas
tall and thin person
fasola szparagowa fasolka szparagowa
a long, slender variety of green bean

string quartet n
kwartet smyczkowy
composition for four string players
group of four string players

string quintet n
kwintet smyczkowy
A musical composition
Five musicians

string theory n
teoria strun
candidate unified theory of all physical forces and particles

string to one's bow n
zdolność
a skill, ability or resource

string trimmer /ˌstɹɪŋ ˈtɹɪmə/ /ˌstɹɪŋ ˈtɹɪmɚ/ n
podkaszarka
powered, hand-held garden implement that uses a rotating monofilament line to cut grass, etc.

stringed instrument n
instrument strunowy

strip /stɹɪp/ v
rozbierać rozebrać
to take off clothing

strip club n
klub ze striptizem
establishment offering striptease or other erotic dancing

stripe /stɹaɪp/ /stɹʌɪp/ n
pasek
long straight region of a colour

stripe-breasted tit n
sikora smużkowa
Melaniparus fasciiventer

striped /stɹaɪpt/ adj
pasiasty paskowany
having stripes, decorated or marked with bands differing in color

striped hyena /ˌstɹaɪpt haɪˈiːnə/ n
hiena pręgowana
Hyaena hyaena

striped skunk n
skunks zwyczajny
skunk of species Mephitis mephitis

stripling /ˈstɹɪplɪŋ/ n
wyrostek
youth (young man) in the state of adolescence

stripper /stɹɪpə/ /stɹɪpɚ/ /ʃkɹɪpə/ n
striptizer striptizerka
one who removes their clothing in a sexually provocative manner

striptease n
striptiz
arousing act

strive /ˈstɹaɪv/ v
dążyć pragnąć przykładać się starać się usiłować
to sincerely try to achieve, to make one's best effort

stroboscope n
stroboskop
instrument for studying or observing periodic movement by rendering a moving body visible only at regular intervals

stroke /stɹoʊk/ /stɹəʊk/ n
apopleksja udar mózgu wylew
loss of brain function arising when the blood supply to the brain is suddenly interrupted
cios
act of hitting
act of striking with a weapon
kreska
line or mark made on a surface by an implement for drawing, writing, etc.
pociągnięcie
single movement with a tool; impact of a tool on an object
streak made with a brush
skok suw
single movement or thrust of a part (such as a piston) of a machine that moves back and forth; length of this movement
styl
specific combination of movements of the arms and legs which, when repeated, causes the swimmer to advance through the water; manner in which such movements are made
głaskanie
act of moving one’s hand or an object along a surface in one direction, touching it lightly

stroke /stɹoʊk/ /stɹəʊk/ v
gładzić głaskać pogłaskać wygładzić
to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly

stroke of luck n
łut szczęścia

stroll /stɹoʊl/ /stɹəʊl/ n
spacer przechadzka
wandering on foot

stroll /stɹoʊl/ /stɹəʊl/ v
spacerować przechadzać
wander on foot

stroller n
spacerowicz spacerowiczka
person strolling
wózek
seat on wheels used to transport babies

strong /stɹɑŋ/ /stɹɒŋ/ /stɹɔŋ/ [st̠͡ɹ̠ɑŋ] [st̠͡ɹ̠ɒŋ] [st̠͡ɹ̠ɔŋ] [ʃt̠͡ɹ̠ɑŋ] [ʃt̠͡ɹ̠ɒŋ] [ʃt̠͡ɹ̠ɔŋ] [ʃt͡ʃɹɔŋ] adj
mocny
having a high alcoholic content
having a high concentration of an essential or active ingredient
having an offensive or intense odor or flavor
mocny silny
convincing
silny mocny krzepki
capable of producing great physical force
solidny wytrzymały
capable of withstanding great physical force

strong as an ox adj
mocny jak byk silny jak byk
very strong and powerful

strong nuclear interaction n
oddziaływanie silne
strong nuclear interaction

stronghold /ˈstɹɒŋhəʊld/ /ˈstɹɔŋˌhoʊld/ n
bastion
place of domination, or refuge or survival
forteca twierdza bastion
place built to withstand attack

strongly /stɹɑŋli/ /stɹɒŋli/ /stɹɔŋli/ adv
mocno silnie
in a strong or powerful manner

strongman n
mocarz
forceful or brutal person
siłacz siłaczka
one who performs feats of strength

strontium /ˈstɹɒn.ti.əm/ n
stront
chemical element

structural adj
budowlany
used in building
strukturalny
of, relating to, or having structure

structure /ˈstɹʌk(t)ʃə(ɹ)/ /ˈstɹʌkt͡ʃɚ/ [ˈstɹɐk(t)ʃə(ɹ)] [ˈstʃɹɐktʃə] n
struktura
cohesive whole built up of distinct parts
overall form or organization of something

strudel /ˈstɹuːdəl/ n
strudel
layered pastry

struggle /ˈstrʌɡəl/ [ˈstɹʌɡl̩] n
walka bitwa bój
strife, effort

struggle /ˈstrʌɡəl/ [ˈstɹʌɡl̩] v
walczyć bić
to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight

strum /strʌm/ v
brzdąkać brzdąknąć brzdękać brzdęknąć
play a stringed instrument

strumpet /ˈstɹʌm.pɪt/ n
cichodajka ladacznica
A prostitute

strychnine /ˈstɹɪk.niːn/ n
strychnina
very toxic, colourless, crystalline alkaloid

stub /stʌb/ n
zalążek artykułu
(wikis) page providing minimal information

stubble /ˈstʌb.əl/ n
rżysko ścierń
short stalks left in a field after harvest

stubborn /ˈstʊbən/ /ˈstʌbən/ /ˈstʌbɚn/ adj
uparty
refusing to move or change one's opinion

stubborn as a mule adj
uparty jak kozioł uparty jak muł uparty jak osioł
extremely stubborn

stubbornness /ˈstʌbən(n)əs/ /ˈstʌbɚn(n)əs/ n
upór upartość
state of being stubborn

stubby adj
krępy
like a stub

stucco n
stiuk
a plaster that is used to coat interior or exterior wall
work made of stucco; stuccowork

stuck /ˈstʌk/ adj
utknąć
unable to progress
zaklinowany
trapped and unable to move

stud /stʌd/ n
ciacho przystojniak
sexually attractive male

stud farm n
stadnina

student /ˈstjuː.dənt/ /ˈstu.dənt/ /ˈst͡ʃuː.dənt/ n
student studentka
person enrolled at a university
student studentka uczeń uczennica
person who studies a subject
uczennica uczeń
person enrolled at a school, university or other education institution

student loan n
kredyt studencki
loan granted to a student in higher education to help pay for the tuition

studies /ˈstʌdiz/ n
studia
academic field of study

studio /ˈstjuːdiəʊ/ /ˈstudioʊ/ /ˈst͡ʃuːdiəʊ/ n
atelier studio
artist’s or photographer’s workshop
studio
place where radio or television programs, records or films are made
studio flat/apartment

studio monitor n
monitor studyjny

study /ˈstʌdi/ n
badanie
branch of learning or object that is being studied
gabinet
room in a house intended for reading and writing
nauka uczenie się
mental effort to acquire knowledge

study /ˈstʌdi/ v
badać wpatrywać się wpatrzyć się zbadać
to look at minutely
studiować
to take a course
uczyć się studiować
to acquire knowledge
to revise/review materials

stuff /stʌf/ n
bambetle rzeczy
miscellaneous items; things

stuff /stʌf/ v
faszerować wypychać
to preserve a dead animal
nadziać nadziewać napchać wypchać
to fill by crowding into

stuffed /stʌft/ adj
faszerowany
with food

stuffed animal n
pluszak przytulanka zabawka pluszowa
soft toy in the form of an animal

stuffed shirt n
formalista nadęty facet sztywniak
one who is overly-officious

stuffily adv
duszno
in a poorly-ventilated and close manner

stuffing /ˈstʌfɪŋ/ n
farsz nadzienie
food items used to stuff another

stumble /ˈstʌmbəl/ n
potknięcie
an error or blunder
potknięcie się
a fall or trip

stumble /ˈstʌmbəl/ v
potknąć się potykać się
to trip or fall

stump /stʌmp/ n
kikut
remains of something that has been cut off

stunner n
bajer rewelacja
anything that is stunning

stunning adj
zachwycający
exceptionally beautiful or attractive

stunt /stʌnt/ n
akrobacja wyczyn kaskaderski
dangerous feat

stunt double n
kaskader kaskaderka
type of body double

stuntman /ˈstʌnt.mæn/ n
kaskader
one who performs stunts

stupa /ˈstuːpə/ n
stupa
Buddhist monument

stupefy /ˈst(j)upəˌfaɪ/ /ˈst͡ʃupəˌfaɪ/ v
ogłuszać ogłuszyć
dull the senses or capacity to think

stupid /st͡ʃjuː.pɪd/ /ˈst(j)u.pɪd/ /ˈstjuː.pɪd/ /ˈʃtjuː.pɪd/ /ˈʃt͡ʃjʉː.pəd/ adj
głupi durnowaty durny tępogłowy tępy zakuty
lacking in intelligence

stupid /st͡ʃjuː.pɪd/ /ˈst(j)u.pɪd/ /ˈstjuː.pɪd/ /ˈʃtjuː.pɪd/ /ˈʃt͡ʃjʉː.pəd/ n
głupiec młot baran bezmózg cep ciemniak
stupid person

stupidity /stjuːˈpɪdɪti/ /stuˈpɪdɪti/ n
głupota
property of being stupid

sturdy /ˈstɜrdi/ /ˈstɜːdi/ adj
mocny niezachwiany silny solidny
solid in structure or person
mocny silny solidny
of firm build

sturgeon /ˈstɜːd͡ʒən/ /ˈstɝd͡ʒən/ n
jesiotr
fish of family Acipenseridae

stutter /ˈstʌtə/ /ˈstʌtɚ/ n
jąkanie

stutterer n
jąkała
one who stutters

sty /staɪ/ n
chlew
enclosure for swine
messy or dirty place

stye /ˈstaɪ/ n
jęczmień jęczmyk
bacterial infection of the eyelash or eyelid

style /staɪl/ n
styl
manner of creating, doing, or presenting something, especially a work of architecture or art
manner of expression in writing or speech
visual or other modification to text or elements of a document
szyjka (słupka) styl
stalk that connects the stigma(s) to the ovary in a pistil of a flower

styleless adj
bezstylowy

stylelessly adv
bezstylowo

stylelessness n
bezstylowość

stylish /ˈstaɪlɪʃ/ adj
stylowy
having elegance or taste or refinement in manners or dress

stylistic /staɪˈlɪstɪk/ /stɪˈlɪstɪk/ adj
stylistyczny
of or pertaining to style

stylistics n
stylistyka
study of literary style

stylite /ˈstaɪlaɪt/ /ˈstʌɪlʌɪt/ n
słupnik stylita
Christian ascetic cloistered atop a pillar

stylization n
stylizacja
designing in accordance with a style
simplified representation

stylophone /ˈstaɪləfəʊn/ n
stylofon
small synthesizer operated using a stylus

stylus /ˈstaɪ.ləs/ n
rysik
pen for writing on a touch-sensitive screen
stylus
tool for writing on clay tablets

styrofoam n
styropian
polymer

stød /stɜːd/ /stʌd/ n
stød
a phenomenon of most Danish accents

sub-Saharan adj
subsaharyjski
pertaining to that part of Africa south of the Sahara

sub-Saharan Africa pn
Afryka Subsaharyjska
Africa south of the Sahara, chiefly populated by dark-skinned peoples

sub-zero adj
poniżej zera
(of a temperature) below 0°C

subaddress n
podadres

subarctic /sʌbˈɑːktɪk/ /sʌbˈɑːtɪk/ adj
podbiegunowy subantarktyczny subarktyczny
of, relating to, or characteristic of the subarctic

subatomic adj
subatomowy
relating to particles that are smaller than an atom

subbranch n
pododdział
branch that is itself an offshoot of a branch of something

subcamp n
podobóz
camp that makes up part of a larger camp or complex

subclass n
podklasa
taxonomy
computing

subclavian artery n
tętnica podobojczykowa

subconsciously adv
podświadomie
below the level of conscious awareness

subconsciousness n
podświadomość
state of being subconscious

subcontinent n
subkontynent
large landmass

subcontractor n
podwykonawca
contractor hired by contractor

subculture /ˈsʌbˌkʌltʃɚ/ n
subkultura
portion of a culture distinguished by its customs or other features

subcutaneous /sʌbkjuːˈteɪnɪəs/ adj
podskórny
pertaining to the fatty layer under the skin

subdeacon n
subdiakon
cleric below a deacon
cleric who assists the deacon at High Mass

subdialect n
gwara poddialekt subdialekt

subdomain n
subdomena
domain name prefaced with additional parts separated by a period

subdominant n
subdominanta
fourth tone

subfamily n
podrodzina
taxonomic category

subfebrile adj
podgorączkowy
slightly raised above normal, but not febrile

subfolder n
podfolder
folder within another folder

subformula n
podformuła
formula that is a part of another one

subgenre n
podgatunek
category within a particular genre

subgenus n
podrodzaj
subdivision of a genus

subgiant n
podolbrzym
type of star

subglacial /sʌbˈɡleɪ.ʃl̩/ /sʌbˈɡleɪ.ʃɪ.əl/ /ˌsʌbˈɡleɪ.ʃ(ə)l/ adj
podlodowcowe subglacjalne
formed or occurring beneath a glacier or other body of ice

subgroup /ˈsʌbˌɡɹuːp/ n
podgrupa
group within a larger group

subhuman [sʌbˈhjuːmən] n
podczłowiek
untermensch

subject /ˈsʌb.d͡ʒɛkt/ /ˈsʌb.d͡ʒɪkt/ n
poddany
person ruled over by another, especially a monarch or state authority
poddany poddana
citizen in a monarchy
podmiot
in grammar
przedmiot
particular area of study
subiekt podmiot
philosophy: being
temat przedmiot
main topic

subjectivity n
subiektywność
state of being subjective

subjectless adj
bezpodmiotowy
in grammar

subjectlessly adv
bezpodmiotowo

subjugate /ˈsʌbd͡ʒuɡeɪt/ /ˈsʌbd͡ʒuɡət/ /ˈsʌbd͡ʒəɡeɪt/ /ˈsʌbd͡ʒəɡət/ v
podporządkować podporządkowywać zniewalać zniewolić
to forcibly impose obedience or servitude

subjunctive mood n
tryb łączący
subjunctive mood

sublease n
podnajem
a lease granted by a tenant or lessee

sublet /ˌsʌbˈlɛt/ v
podnajmować podnająć
lease or rent

sublimation n
sublimacja
phase transition
transformation of an impulse

sublime /səˈblaɪm/ adj
wzniosły
of a person: dignified, majestic, noble

subliminal /səˈblɪm.ɪ.nəl/ /ˌsabˈlɪm.ɪ.nəl/ [səˈblɪm.ɪ.nl̩] [ˌsabˈlɪm.ɪ.nl̩] [ˌsʌbˈlɪm.ɪ.nl̩] adj
podprogowa subliminalna
of a stimulus: below the limen or threshold of conscious perception, especially if still able to produce a response; also, below the threshold where a response can be produced

subliminal message n
percepcja podprogowa
message under normal perception

subliminally /səˈblɪm.ɪ.nə.li/ /sʌbˈlɪm.ɪ.nə.li/ /ˌsabˈlɪm.ɪ.nə.li/ adv
podświadomie
in a subliminal manner

sublingual /sʌbˈlɪŋ.ɡwəl/ /ˌsʌbˈlɪŋ.ɡju.əl/ /ˌsʌbˈlɪŋ.ɡwəl/ adj
podjęzykowy
administered by placement beneath the tongue
situated beneath the tongue

sublunar adj
podksiężycowy
beneath the Moon

submachine gun n
automat peem pistolet maszynowy rozpylacz
short range machine gun

submarine /sʌb.məˈɹin/ /sʌb.məˈɹiːn/ /ˈsʌb.mə.ɹin/ adj
podmorski podwodny
undersea

submarine /sʌb.məˈɹin/ /sʌb.məˈɹiːn/ /ˈsʌb.mə.ɹin/ n
łódź podwodna okręt podwodny
undersea boat

submenu n
podmenu
secondary menu available through another menu

submission /səbˈmɪʃən/ n
poddanie się
combat sports

submissive /səbˈmɪsɪv/ adj
pokorny uległy
meekly obedient or passive

submit /səbˈmɪt/ v
ulegać ulec
to yield or give way to another
wygrać wygrywać
to win a fight by submission

suborder n
podrząd
taxonomic category

subordinate /səˈboːdɪnæɪt/ /səˈboːdɪnət/ /səˈbɔɹdɪneɪt/ /səˈbɔɹdɪnət/ /səˈbɔːdɪneɪt/ /səˈbɔːdɪnət/ adj
podrzędny
placed in a lower class, rank, or position

subordinate /səˈboːdɪnæɪt/ /səˈboːdɪnət/ /səˈbɔɹdɪneɪt/ /səˈbɔɹdɪnət/ /səˈbɔːdɪneɪt/ /səˈbɔːdɪnət/ n
podwładny
one who is subordinate

subordinate clause n
zdanie podrzędne
a clause that cannot stand alone

subordinating conjunction n
spójnik podrzędny
a word establishing the nature of a subordinate clause

suboxide n
podtlenek
oxide containing a small proportion of oxygen

subpar /səbˈpɑɹ/ /səbˈpɑː/ [səbˈpʰɑɹ] [səbˈpʰɑ˞] adj
niedostateczny
Of less than a traditional or accepted standard

subphylum n
podtyp
taxonomic category below phylum and above class

subplot n
wątek
a subsidiary plot within a story

subpoena /səˈpiːnə/ n
wezwanie do sądu
writ requiring someone to appear in court to give testimony

subprocess n
podproces

subscribe /səbˈskɹaɪb/ v
abonować zaabonować
to pay for the provision of a service
abonować zaabonować subskrybować
to sign up to receive a publication
subskrybować
to agree to buy shares in a company

subscriber /səbˈskɹaɪbɚ/ n
abonentka abonent subskrybent
a person who subscribes to a publication or a service

subscription /səbˈskɹɪpʃən/ n
abonament prenumerata subskrypcja
access to a resource for a period of time
podpis
the signing of one's name
prenumerata subskrypcja
the formal acceptance of something, especially when verified with a signature

subscriptionless adj
bezabonamentowy

subsequent /ˈsʌbsəkwənt/ /ˈsʌbsɪkwənt/ adj
kolejny dalszy późniejszy
following in time

subsequently /ˈsʌb.sɪ.kwənt.li/ adv
później
subsequently

subset /ˈsʌbˌsɛt/ n
podgrupa
group contained in a larger group
podzbiór
set whose elements are within another given set

subside /səbˈsaɪd/ /sʌbˈsaɪd/ v
osiadać osiąść
to sink or fall to the bottom; to settle, as lees

subsidiarity /səbˌsɪdiˈæɹɪti/ n
subsydiarność
principle

subsidiary /sʌbˈsɪ.di.əɹ.i/ /sʌbˈsɪ.dəɹ.i/ /sʌbˈsɪ.d͡ʒəɹ.i/ n
spółka zależna
company owned by a parent company or a holding company

subsidy /ˈsʌbsɪdi/ n
subwencja
financial support

subsoil n
podglebie
layer of earth below topsoil

subspecies /-siːz/ /-ʃɪz/ /ˈsʌbspiːʃiːz/ n
podgatunek
rank in the classification of organisms

substance /ˈsʌbstəns/ [ˈsʌbstənts] n
istota
essential part
majątek
material possessions
narkotyk
drugs
substancja
physical matter; material

substandard /ˌsʌbˈstændəd/ /ˌsʌbˈstændɚd/ adj
podrzędny pośledni substandardowy
of inferior quality

substation n
podstacja
electrical substation

substitute /ˈsʌbstɪtjut/ /ˈsʌbstɪtjuːt/ /ˈsʌbstɪtut/ /ˈsʌbstɪtʃuːt/ n
substytut odpowiednik zamiennik zastępnik
replacement or stand-in

substitute /ˈsʌbstɪtjut/ /ˈsʌbstɪtjuːt/ /ˈsʌbstɪtut/ /ˈsʌbstɪtʃuːt/ v
zastąpić podstawiać zamienić
to use in place of something else

substratum n
podłoże
a layer that lies underneath another

subsurface adj
podpowierzchniowy
below the surface

subtenant n
podnajemca podnajemczyni
one who holds a sublease

subterranean /ˌsʌbtəˈɹeɪniən/ adj
podziemny
below ground, under the earth

subtext n
podtekst
implicit meaning of a text

subthalamus n
niskowzgórze
part of the diencephalon beneath the thalamus

subtitle /ˈsʌbtaɪtəl/ n
napisy
textual versions of the dialog in films
podtytuł
heading below a title

subtle /ˈsʌt(ə)l/ [ˈsʌɾɫ̩] adj
subtelny
hard to grasp
cleverly contrived
cunning, skillful

subtleness n
delikatność subtelność
property of being subtle

subtlety /ˈsʌt(ə)lti/ n
delikatność subtelność
quality or act of being subtle
subtelność
an instance of being subtle

subtly /ˈsʌ.tl̩.li/ /ˈsʌt.li/ /ˈsʌt.l̩.li/ adv
delikatnie subtelnie
with subtleness, in a subtle manner

subtract /səbˈtɹækt/ v
odejmować odjąć
to remove or reduce

subtraction /səbˈtɹækʃən/ n
odejmowanie
process
calculation

subtrahend /ˈsʌbtɹəhɛnd/ n
odjemnik
A number or quantity to be subtracted from another

subtropical adj
podzwrotnikowy subtropikalny
further from the equator than the tropical regions

subtropics n
podtropikalny podzwrotnikowy subtropikalny
the region between the tropics and the temperate latitudes of the world

subtype n
podtyp
a group of specific things within a larger, more general group

suburb /ˈsʌbɜːb/ /ˈsʌbɝb/ n
dzielnica okręg
Australian, British English, Irish English, New Zealand English: any subdivision of a conurbation
przedmieście
area on the periphery of a city or large town

suburban /səˈbɜː(ɹ)bən/ adj
podmiejski
relating to outskirts of a city

subway /ˈsʌbˌweɪ/ [ˈsʌbˌweɪ̯] n
metro
underground railway
przejście podziemne
underground walkway

succade /səˈkeɪd/ n
cykata
candied citrus peel

succeed /səkˈsiːd/ v
następować
To follow in order; to come next after; hence, to take the place of
odziedziczyć
To fall heir to; to inherit
udać się dać radę poradzić sobie
To obtain the object desired; to accomplish what is attempted or intended; to have a prosperous issue or termination; to be successful

success /səkˈsɛs/ n
sukces
(business) financial profitability
sukces powodzenie
achievement of one's aim or goal

success has many fathers, failure is an orphan proverb
sukces ma wielu ojców sukces ma wielu ojców, a klęska jest sierotą sukces ma wielu ojców, a porażka jest sierotą
many will seek credit for success, few for failure

successful /səkˈsɛs.fl̩/ adj
udany
resulting in success

succession /səkˈsɛʃ.ən/ n
sukcesja
passing of royal power

successively adv
kolejno sukcesywnie
in a serial manner

successor /səkˈsɛsə/ /səkˈsɛsɚ/ n
następca
person who inherits a title or office
następca następczyni sukcesorka sukcesor
person or thing that immediately follows another
następca spadkobierca dziedzic następczyni sukcesorka spadkobierczyni
next heir in order or succession
następnik
integer or cardinal immediately following another

succinct /sə(k)ˈsɪŋkt/ /səkˈsɪŋ(k)t/ adj
zwięzły treściwy
brief and to the point

succour /ˈsʌkə/ /ˈsʌkɚ/ n
sukurs
aid, assistance, or relief given to one in distress

succubus /ˈsʌk.jə.bəs/ /ˈsʌk.jʊ.bəs/ n
sukub sukkub
female demon

succulence n
soczystość
the property of being succulent

succulent /ˈsʌkjələnt/ adj
mięsisty soczysty
botany: having fleshy leaves or other tissues that store water
soczysty
juicy or lush

succumb /səˈkʌm/ v
przytłoczyć
to overwhelm
ulec
to give up, or give in
umrzeć
to die

such /sɛt͡ʃ/ /sɪt͡ʃ/ /sʌt͡ʃ/ determiner
taki
used to make a comparison with something implied by context

such /sɛt͡ʃ/ /sɪt͡ʃ/ /sʌt͡ʃ/ pronoun
taki
previously described

such is life phraseologicalUnit
samo życie
used to express the acceptance of misfortune

such that conjunction
tak aby tak żeby
which satisfies the condition that

suck /sʊk/ /sʌk/ v
być do bani
colloquial: term of general disparagement
ssać
(transitive) to use the mouth to pull in (liquid etc)

suck off v
obciągać robić loda ssać chuja ssać fiuta ssać pałę
to give a blowjob

suck up v
podlizywać się
to adulate or flatter excessively

sucker /ˈsʌk.ə/ /ˈsʌk.ɚ/ n
frajer
one who is easily fooled
przyssawka
organ

sucker trap n
oszustwo

suckle /ˈsʌ.kəl/ v
karmić mlekiem wykarmić
to give suck to

suckling n
osesek
infant that is still breastfeeding

sucralose n
sukraloza
chlorinated sucrose

sucrose /ˈsjuːkɹəʊz/ /ˈsukɹoʊs/ /ˈsuːkɹəʊz/ n
sacharoza
a disaccharide

suction cup /ˈsʌkʃən kʌp/ n
przyssawka
cup using suction as an adhesive

sudden /ˈsʌdən/ [ˈsʌdn̩] adj
nagły
happening quickly and with little or no warning

sudden infant death syndrome n
nagła śmierć łóżeczkowa zespół nagłego zgonu niemowląt
medical syndrome

suddenly /ˈsʌdn̩li/ adv
nagle znienacka raptem z nagła
happening quickly and with little or no warning

sudoku /su-/ /suː-/ /sə-/ /sʊˈdoʊku/ /sʊˈdukoʊ/ /sʊˈduku/ /sʊˈduːku/ /sʊˈdɑku/ /sʊˈdɒku/ /sʊˈdəʊku/ /ˈsu-/ /ˈsuː-/ /ˈsʊdoʊku/ /ˈsʊdukoʊ/ /ˈsʊduku/ /ˈsʊduːku/ /ˈsʊdɑku/ /ˈsʊdɒku/ /ˈsʊdəʊku/ n
sudoku
a puzzle using numbers

sue /s(j)uː/ v
pozywać pozwać
to file a legal action

suede /swed/ /sweɪd/ adj
zamszowy
made of suede

suede /swed/ /sweɪd/ n
zamsz
type of leather

suet /ˈs(j)uːɪt/ n
łój sadło
fat

suffer /ˈsʌfə/ /ˈsʌfɚ/ v
cierpieć
feel pain
cierpieć pokutować
undergo hardship

suffering /ˈsʌfəɹɪŋ/ /ˈsʌfɹɪŋ/ n
cierpienie męka
condition

suffice /səˈfaɪs/ /səˈfaɪz/ v
wystarczać wystarczyć
be enough, sufficient, adequate
wystarczać wystarczyć zadowolić
satisfy

suffice it to say phraseologicalUnit
dosyć dość dość powiedzieć

sufficient /səˈfɪʃənt/ adj
wystarczający dostateczny

sufficient condition n
warunek dostateczny warunek wystarczający
logical statement

sufficient unto the day is the evil thereof /-ˈiːvəl-/ /-ˌʌntə-/ /səˈfɪʃ(ə)nt ˌʌntʊ ðə ˈdeɪ ɪz ðiː ˈiːvɪl ðɛəˌɹɒv/ /səˈfɪʃənt ˌʌntə ðə ˈdeɪ ɪz ði ˈivəl ðɛˌɹʌv/ proverb
dosyć ma dzień swojej biedy
there is no need to worry about the future; the present provides enough to worry about

sufficiently /səˈfɪʃəntli/ adv
wystarczająco
in a sufficient manner

suffix /səˈfɪks/ /ˈsʌfɪks/ n
przyrostek
morpheme added at the end of a word to modify the word's meaning

suffixless adj
bezkońcówkowy bezprzyrostkowy bezsufiksalny

suffixoid n
sufiksoid

suffocate /ˈsʌfəkeɪt/ /ˈsʌfəkət/ v
dusić
(transitive) to kill someone by depriving him of a sufficient oxygen intake
dusić udusić
(transitive) to cause someone to suffer severely reduced oxygen supply to his body
(intransitive) to suffer from severely reduced oxygen intake to the body

suffrage /ˈsʌfɹɪd͡ʒ/ n
czynne prawo wyborcze prawo do głosowania prawo wybierania
the right to vote

suffragette /ˌsʌf.ɹəˈd͡ʒɛt/ n
sufrażystka
female supporter of women's right to vote

suffragist n
sufrażysta sufrażystka
person who promotes suffrage

sufganiyah n
sufganija
doughnut

sugar /ˈʃʊɡə(ɹ)/ /ˈʃʊɡɚ/ n
cukier
sucrose from sugar cane or sugar beet and used to sweeten food and drink
generic term for sucrose, glucose, fructose, etc
any of a series of carbohydrates used by organisms to store energy
kochanie słonko
term of endearment

sugar /ˈʃʊɡə(ɹ)/ /ˈʃʊɡɚ/ v
osładzać osłodzić
to make something seem less unpleasant
posłodzić słodzić
to add sugar to, to sweeten

sugar beet n
burak cukrowy
type of beet

sugar bowl n
cukiernica
small receptacle for serving sugar on a table

sugar cane n
trzcina cukrowa
species of grass whose sap is a source of sugar

sugar daddy n
sponsor
slang: man who spends money for a relationship with a younger partner

sugar glider n
lotopałanka lotopałanka karłowata
Petaurus breviceps

sugar mama n
sponsorka
Older woman who spends money on a younger person for romantic or sexual purposes.

sugar substitute n
słodzik
food additives

sugar-loaf n
głowa cukru
conical block of sugar

sugary /ˈʃʊɡəɹi/ adj
cukrowy
covered with or containing a large amount of sugar

suggest /sə(ɡ)ˈd͡ʒɛst/ /səˈd͡ʒɛst/ v
proponować
to ask for without demanding
sugerować
to imply but stop short of saying directly
to make one suppose
sugerować proponować
to recommend

suggestion /səɡˈd͡ʒɛst͡ʃən/ /səˈd͡ʒɛstʃən/ /səˈd͡ʒɛst͡ʃən/ [səˈd͡ʒɛʃtʃən] n
propozycja sugestia
something suggested
sugestia
act of suggestion

suicidal /ˌs(j)uː.ɪˈsaɪ.dəl/ /ˌsu.əˈsaɪ.dəl/ /ˌsu.ɪ-/ adj
samobójczy
likely to commit, or to attempt to commit, suicide
pertaining to suicide

suicidal ideation n
myśli o samobójstwie
contemplation of suicide or ceasing to exist

suicide /ˈs(j)uːɪˌsaɪd/ /ˈsuɪˌsaɪd/ n
samobójca samobójczyni denat denatka
person who has killed himself/herself, is killing (is attempting/has attempted to kill) himself/herself
samobójstwo
instance of killing oneself
figurative: action

suicide note n
list pożegnalny
message left by a suicide

suicidology n
suicydologia
the study of suicide

suit /sjuːt/ /sut/ /suːt/ n
garnitur
set of clothes
kolor
card games: set of cards distinguished by color and emblems
kombinezon kostium
garment suitable for a task

suit /sjuːt/ /sut/ /suːt/ v
pasować
to be suitable or apt for one's image
pasować odpowiadać
to agree, accord, be fitted to

suit oneself v
jak sobie chcesz
do whatever you want

suitcase /ˈs(j)uːtkeɪs/ /ˈsutkeɪs/ n
walizka
large piece of luggage

suite /swiːt/ n
suita
musical form pre-dating the sonata

sujuk n
sucuk
type of sausage

sulfate /ˈsʌlfeɪt/ n
siarczan
inorganic chemistry: any salt of sulfuric acid
organic chemistry: any ester of sulfuric acid

sulfide n
siarczek
any compound of sulfur and a metal or electropositive element or group

sulfite /ˈsʌlfaɪt/ n
siarczyn
salt of sulfurous acid

sulfonamide n
sulfonamid
any amide of a sulfonic acid
type of antibiotic, a sulfa drug

sulfur /ˈsʌl.fə/ /ˈsʌl.fɚ/ n
siarka
element

sulfuric acid n
kwas siarkowy
H2SO4

sulfurless adj
bezsiarkowy

sulfurous acid n
kwas siarkawy
the weak acid, H₂SO₃

sulk /sʌlk/ n
dąsy fochy
state of sulking

sulk /sʌlk/ v
dąsać się boczyć się obrażać się
to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn

sully /ˈsʌli/ v
skalać
to corrupt or damage
to soil or stain

sulphur-crested cockatoo n
kakadu żółtoczuba
Cacatua galerita

sultan /ˈsʌltən/ n
sułtan
ruler

sultanate /ˈsʌltənət/ n
sułtanat
state ruled by a sultan

sultanic adj
sułtański
of or relating to a sultan or a sultanate

sultry /ˈsəl-/ /ˈsʌltɹi/ adj
duszny gorący parny
hot and humid

sum /sʌm/ n
suma
quantity obtained by addition or aggregation
quantity of money
arithmetic problem

sum /sʌm/ v
sumować zsumować zsumowywać
to add together

sumac /ˈs(j)uːmæk/ /ˈsu-/ /ˈsuːˌmæk/ /ˈʃuː-/ n
sumak
shrub or small tree of the genus Rhus, etc.

summa cum laude adv
summa cum laude
with highest praise

summand n
składnik
term of addition

summarize /ˈsʌməˌɹaɪz/ v
streszczać reasumować
to prepare a summary
sumować zsumować zsumowywać
to give a capitulation of salient facts; to recapitulate or review

summary /ˈsʌməɹi/ adj
doraźny
performed speedily

summary /ˈsʌməɹi/ n
streszczenie podsumowanie skrót
condensed presentation

summer /ˈsʌmə(ɹ)/ /ˈsʌmɚ/ n
lato
hottest season

summer camp n
kolonia letnia obóz harcerski
institution devoted to housing and entertaining children

summer job n
praca wakacyjna

summer savory n
cząber ogrodowy
Satureja hortensis

summer solstice n
przesilenie letnie
the moment when the hemisphere is most inclined toward the sun

summer tire n
opona letnia
type of tire

summerhouse n
dom letniskowy
house used as vacation home in summer

summerily adv
letnio
in a summery way

summery /ˈsʌməɹi/ adj
letni
relating to the summer

summit /ˈsʌmɪt/ n
szczyt
assembly or gathering of the leaders of countries to discuss issues of international significance
szczyt wierzchołek wierch
highest point of a hill, mountain, or similar geographical feature

summon /ˈsʌmən/ v
wzywać
to call people together

summoner n
przywoływacz przyzywacz
one who summons or evokes

summons /ˈsʌ.mənz/ n
wezwanie
call to do something, especially to come
notice summoning someone to appear in court

sumo /ˈsuːməʊ/ n
sumita
sumo wrestler
sumo
form of wrestling

sump /sʌmp/ n
rząp
lowest part of a mineshaft
syfon
completely flooded cave passage

sun /sʌn/ n
słońce
a star, especially when seen as the centre of any single solar system
something like the sun in brightness or splendor
słońce promienie słoneczne światło słoneczne
light and warmth received from the sun

sun /sʌn/ pn
słońce
the star around which the Earth revolves

sun bear n
niedźwiedź malajski biruang biruang malajski
Helarctos malayanus

sun dog n
parhelion słońce poboczne
spot

sun spurge n
wilczomlecz obrotny
Euphorbia helioscopia

sunbathe /ˈsʌnbeɪð/ v
opalać się
to expose one's body to the sun

sunbed n
leżak
reclining beach chair

sunburn /ˈsʌnbɜːn/ /ˈsʌnbɝn/ n
oparzenie słoneczne
burn on skin

sundew n
rosiczka
group of insectivorous plants

sundial /ˈsʌnˌdaɪ.əl/ n
zegar słoneczny
device noting the time of day by the position of a shadow

sundisk n
słońce

sunfish /ˈsʌnˌfɪʃ/ n
bassek okończyk
fish of the family Centrarchidae
samogłów
fish of the family Molidae

sunflower /ˈsʌn.flaʊ.ə/ /ˈsʌn.flaʊ.ɚ/ n
słonecznik
flower

sunflower oil n
olej słonecznikowy
vegetable oil

sunflower seed n
nasiono słonecznika
seed of a sunflower

sunglasses n
okulary przeciwsłoneczne okulary słoneczne
tinted glasses worn to protect the eyes from the sun

sunless adj
bezsłoneczny
without the sun or sunshine

sunlight /ˈsʌnˌlaɪt/ n
światło
brightness, hope, a positive outlook
światło słoneczne
electromagnetic radiation given off by the sun

sunlounger n
leżak
extended deckchair used for sunbathing

sunny /ˈsʌni/ adj
słoneczny
weather, day

sunny side up adj
jajko sadzone
type of fried egg

sunrise /ˈsʌnɹaɪz/ n
wschód słońca
time of day

sunroof /ˈsʌnˌɹuːf/ n
szyberdach
opening in a vehicle roof

sunroom n
solarium
room used for its abundant sunlight

sunscreen n
krem do opalania
cream that protects the skin from the sun

sunset /ˈsʌnˌsɛt/ n
zachód słońca
changes in color of sky at sunset
zachód słońca zmierzch
time of day
zmierzch
attributively: of or relating to the final period of life
final period of life

sunshade n
parasol od słońca
something to keep the sun off

sunshine /ˈsʌnʃaɪn/ n
słońce
location on which the sun's rays fall
światło słoneczne
direct rays of the sun

sunspot /ˈsʌnspɑt/ /ˈsʌnspɒt/ n
plama słoneczna
region on the sun's surface

sunstroke n
porażenie słoneczne udar słoneczny
heatstroke caused by an excessive exposure to the sun's rays

suntan n
opalenizna
darkened coloration of the skin

suntan v
opalać się
to attempt to obtain a suntan
opalać się opalić się
to obtain a suntan

super /ˈs(j)uːpə(ɹ)/ /ˈsupɚ/ /ˈsʉː.pə(ɹ)/ [ˈsïɯ.pə(ɹ)] adj
super
better than usual

super cup n
superpuchar superpuchary

super- prefix
super-
superior in size, quality, number, degree, status, title or position

superacid n
superkwas
medium having very high acidity

superalloy n
nadstop
high-performance alloy

superb /sjuːˈpɜːb/ /suˈpɝb/ /suːˈpɜːb/ /səˈpɝb/ adj
znakomity
of the highest quality; exceptionally good

superbly adv
znakomicie
excellently

supercelestial /ˌsupə(ɹ)səˈlɛsti.əl/ /ˌsupə(ɹ)səˈlɛst͡ʃəl/ adj
nadgwiezdny
Situated above the heavens

supercentenarian n
superstulatek
A person more than 110 years old

supercharger n
sprężarka mechaniczna
inlet air compressor for an internal combustion engine

supercilious /ˌs(j)u.pɚˈsɪ.li.əs/ /ˌsjuː.pə(ɹ)ˈsɪ.li.əs/ adj
wyniosły
showing contemptuous indifference

supercluster n
supergromada
astronomy: extended group of galaxy clusters

supercomputer n
superkomputer
computer that has great processing power

superconductivity n
nadprzewodnictwo
property of a material whereby it has no resistance

superconductor n
nadprzewodnik
a substance

superego /supɛɹiɡoʊ/ n
superego
part of the mind

superexcellent /ˌsuːpəˈɹɛksələnt/ /ˌsuːpəˈɹɛksɪlnt/ adj
najdoskonalszy najświetniejszy
Uncommonly excellent

superexchange n
nadwymiana

superficial /ˌsu.pɚˈfɪʃ.əl/ /ˌsuː.pəˈfɪʃ.əl/ adj
powierzchowny
lacking substance

superficially adv
powierzchownie
in a superficial manner

superfluous /sjʊˈpɜːflu.əs/ /suˈpɝflu.əs/ /suːˈpɜːflu.əs/ adj
nadmierny niepotrzebny zbyteczny
excess of what is sufficient

supergiant n
nadolbrzym
very large star

superheater n
przegrzewacz
component of boiler system

superhero /s(j)upɚhɪɹoʊ/ n
superbohater
a fictional crime-fighting character with superpowers

superheroine n
superbohaterka
a female superhero

superhuman adj
nadludzki
beyond what is possible for a human being

superinfection n
nadkażenie superinfekcja
infection which follows another infection

superior /suːˈpɪə.ɹi.ə/ /sə-/ /sʉːˈpɪə.ɹiː.ə/ /sʊˈpɪɹ.i.ɚ/ n
przełożony zwierzchnik
person of higher rank

superiority /sʊuˌpɪə(ɹ).iˈɒ.ɹɪ.ti/ n
wyższość przewaga
the state of being superior

superlative /sjuːˈpɜː.lə.tɪv/ /suˈpɝː.lə.tɪv/ /suːˈpɜː.lə.tɪv/ adj
doskonały znakomity
exceptionally good

superlative /sjuːˈpɜː.lə.tɪv/ /suˈpɝː.lə.tɪv/ /suːˈpɜː.lə.tɪv/ n
stopień najwyższy superlatyw
form of adjective expressing "most"
superlatyw
highest degree of something

superlative degree n
stopień najwyższy
(grammar)

supermajority /ˌs(j)upɜɹməˈd͡ʒɔɹɪti/ n
większość absolutna większość bezwzględna
majority that reaches a preset threshold level

superman /ˈs(j)uːpəmæn/ /ˈsupɚmæn/ n
nadczłowiek
übermensch

supermarket /ˌsupɚˈmɑɹkət/ /ˌsuːpəˈmɑːkɪt/ n
supermarket
store

supermassive black hole n
supermasywna czarna dziura
Any black hole with a large mass

supermodel n
supermodelka
famous fashion model

supermoderator n
super moderator
A moderator who has permission to moderate every forum on a web site

supermoon n
superksiężyc
a full moon or new moon, when the Earth–Moon distance is in the lowest tenth of its range

supernal /sjuːˈpɜː.nəl/ /suˈpɝ.nəl/ /suːˈpɜː.nəl/ /səˈpɝ.nəl/ /sʊˈpɜː.nəl/ /sʊˈpɝ.nəl/ adj
cudowny
exalted, exquisite, superlative
niebiański
pertaining to heaven or to the sky

supernatural /ˌs(j)upɚˈnæt͡ʃɚəl/ /ˌs(j)upɚˈnæt͡ʃɹəl/ /ˌs(j)uːpəˈnat͡ʃ(ə)ɹəl/ /ˌs(j)ʉːpɘˈnɛt͡ʃɹɯ(l)/ adj
nadnaturalny nadprzyrodzony
above nature

supernova /ˌsuː.pə(ɹ)ˈnəʊ.və/ n
supernowa
exploding star

supernumerary /ˌsupɚˈn(j)uməˌɹɛɹi/ /ˌsuːpəˈnjuːm(ə)ɹ(ə)ɹi/ adj
nadliczbowy nadmiarowy
beyond the prescribed or standard amount
beyond what is necessary

supernumerary /ˌsupɚˈn(j)uməˌɹɛɹi/ /ˌsuːpəˈnjuːm(ə)ɹ(ə)ɹi/ n
nadliczbowy
something beyond the prescribed or standard amount or number

superorder n
nadrząd
taxonomic category

superordinate adj
nadrzędny
greater in degree, rank or position

superposition /ˌs(j)uː.pə(ɹ).pəˈzɪʃ.ən/ /ˌsu.pɚ.pəˈzɪʃ.ən/ /ˌsʉː.pə.pəˈzɪʃ.ən/ [ˌsïɯ.pə.pəˈzɪʃ.ən] n
superpozycja
situation in quantum mechanics

superpower n
supermoc
fictional extraordinary ability
supermocarstwo mocarstwo
sovereign state

supersede /ˌsupɚˈsiːd/ /ˌsuːpəˈsiːd/ v
odłożyć unieważnić
set aside
zamienić zastąpić
displace in favour of another
zastąpić
take the place of

superset n
nadzbiór
set containing all elements of another set

supersonic adj
naddźwiękowy
greater than the speed of sound

superstar /ˈsuːpə(ɹ)ˌstɑː(ɹ)/ n
supergwiazda wielka gwiazda
very famous person

superstition /ˌs(j)u.pə(ɹ)ˈstɪ.ʃn̩/ /ˌs(j)u.pɚˈstɪ.ʃn̩/ /ˌs(j)u.pɚˈstɪ.ʃən/ /ˌs(j)uː.pə(ɹ)ˈstɪ.ʃən/ n
przesąd zabobon
a belief that events may be influenced by one's behaviour in some magical or mystical way

superstitious /ˌs(j)u.pɚˈstɪ.ʃəs/ /ˌs(j)uː.pəˈstɪ.ʃəs/ adj
przesądny zabobonny
susceptible to superstitions

superstitiously adv
przesądnie
in a superstitious manner

superstructure n
nadbudowa
the social sphere of ideology
nadbudowa nadbudówka
nautical: structure above deck

supervillain n
superzłoczyńca
a fictional criminal or evil-doer with superpowers

supervisor /ˈsuːpɚˌvaɪzɚ/ n
naczelnik nadzorca
a person with the official task of overseeing the work of a person or group etc.

supervisory board n
rada nadzorcza
group

supine /ˈs(j)uːpaɪn/ /ˈsuˌpaɪn/ /ˌsuˈpaɪn/ adj
bezwolny
reluctant to take action

supper /ˈsʌpə/ /ˈsʌpɚ/ n
kolacja
dinner at night
kolacja wieczerza
food before going to bed

supper /ˈsʌpə/ /ˈsʌpɚ/ v
wieczerzać
to eat dinner

supplement /ˈsap.lə.mənt/ /ˈsʌp.lə.mənt/ /ˈsʌp.lɪ.mənt/ n
dodatek uzupełnienie
something added
odżywka suplement
vitamin, herbal extract, or chemical compound
suplement
extension to a document or publication

supplementary angles n
kąty przyległe
pair of angles

suppleness n
elastyczność gibkość
the quality of being supple

suppletion /səˈpliːʃən/ n
supletywizm
(grammar) the use of an unrelated word or phrase to supply inflected forms otherwise lacking

suppliant /ˈsʌpliənt/ adj
błagający błagalny proszalny
entreating with humility

suppliant /ˈsʌpliənt/ n
suplikant
one who pleads or requests earnestly

supplication /sʌplɪˈkeɪʃən/ n
suplikacja
a prayer

supplicatory adj
błagalny
begging, humbly beseeching

supplier /səˈplaɪə/ n
dostawca dostawczyni
one who supplies, a provider

supply /səˈplaɪ/ n
artykuł pierwszej potrzeby
provisions

supply /səˈplaɪ/ v
zaopatrywać zaopatrzyć
to provide, make available for use

supply and demand n
podaż i popyt
economic model of pricing

supply chain n
łańcuch dostaw
system of organisations, people, etc.

support /səˈpo(ː)ɹt/ /səˈpoət/ /səˈpɔɹt/ /səˈpɔːt/ [səˈpʰoɹt] [səˈpʰɔɹt] [səˈpʰɔːt] n
nośnik
set of points where the function is not zero
podpora wspornik
something which supports
wsparcie pomoc
answers and resolution of problems
wsparcie poparcie
financial or other help

support /səˈpo(ː)ɹt/ /səˈpoət/ /səˈpɔɹt/ /səˈpɔːt/ [səˈpʰoɹt] [səˈpʰɔɹt] [səˈpʰɔːt] v
popierać kibicować
to back a cause, party, etc., mentally or with concrete aid
wspierać
to keep from falling
to help, particularly financially
wspomagać obsługiwać
to be designed for compatibility with

support group n
grupa wsparcia
group of people who support each other

supporter /-ɾɚ/ /səˈpɔɹ.tɚ/ /səˈpɔː.tə/ n
kibic
trzymacze
animal or figure that supports a shield in a coat of arms
zwolennik adherent adherentka stronniczka stronnik zwolenniczka
person who supports, an adherent

supportive /səˈpo(ː)ɹtɪv/ /səˈpoətɪv/ /səˈpɔɹtɪv/ /səˈpɔːtɪv/ adj
wspierający
providing support

suppose /səˈpoʊz/ /səˈpəʊz/ /ˈspoʊz/ /ˈspəʊz/ [səˈpʰoʊz] [səˈpʰəʊz] [ˈspoʊz] [ˈspəʊz] v
przypuszczać przypuścić
conclude; believe

supposed /spoʊst/ /spəʊst/ /səˈpoʊst/ /səˈpoʊzd/ /səˈpoʊzɪd/ /səˈpəʊst/ /səˈpəʊzd/ /səˈpəʊzɪd/ adj
domniemany rzekomy przypuszczalny
presumed to be true, but without proof

supposedly adv
podobno ponoć rzekomo
as a matter of supposition

supposition /ˌsʌpəˈzɪʃən/ n
założenie
assumption

suppository /səˈpɑzɪˌtɔɹi/ /səˈpɒzɪtəɹi/ n
czopek
medicine in the form of a small plug that is inserted into a bodily cavity

suppression /səˈpɹɛʃən/ n
represja tłumienie
the act or instance of suppressing
represja wyparcie
psychology

supraglacial adj
supraglacjalny
of, relating to, or situated or occurring at the surface of a glacier

supraliminal adj
nadprogowy
being above the threshold of consciousness or of sensation

supranational adj
ponadpaństwowy
of greater than national scope

supremacy /suˈpɹɛməsi/ n
przewaga supremacja
quality of being supreme
supremacja zwierzchnictwo
authority over all others

supreme court n
sąd najwyższy
court of law representing the highest legal authority within a jurisdiction

supremum n
kres górny supremum
element of a set greater than or equal to all members of a given subset

sura n
sura
chapter of the Qur'an

surcharge /ˈsɜː(ɹ)t͡ʃɑː(ɹ)d͡ʒ/ n
dopłata
addition of extra charge

sure /sjuːɹ/ /sjʊəɹ/ /sɪʊ̯ɹ/ /ʃoʊ/ /ʃoː/ /ʃuɚ/ /ʃɔɹ/ /ʃɔː/ /ʃɜː/ /ʃɝ/ /ʃʊə/ /ʃʊɹ/ adj
pewny
certain in one's knowledge or belief
pewny pewien
certain, reliable

sure /sjuːɹ/ /sjʊəɹ/ /sɪʊ̯ɹ/ /ʃoʊ/ /ʃoː/ /ʃuɚ/ /ʃɔɹ/ /ʃɔː/ /ʃɜː/ /ʃɝ/ /ʃʊə/ /ʃʊɹ/ interjection
jasne pewnie spoko
noncommittal yes
oczywiście naturalnie pewnie!
of course

sure as shooting adj
jak w banku

sure enough adv
faktycznie rzeczywiście
just as one would expect

surely /ˈʃɔɹli/ /ˈʃɔːli/ /ˈʃɝli/ /ˈʃʊəli/ /ˈʃʊɹli/ adv
niewątpliwie z pewnością na pewno
certainly, undoubtedly
pewnie
with confidence
without fail

surety /ˈʃɔːɹɪti/ /ˈʃʊəɹəti/ /ˈʃʊəɹɪti/ /ˈʃʊɹəti/ n
poręczyciel
law: one who undertakes such promise

suretyship /ˈʃɔːɹətiːʃɪp/ /ˈʃʊəɹɪtiːʃɪp/ n
poręczenie majątkowe
agreement

surf /sɜːf/ /sɝf/ n
przybój
waves that break

surf /sɜːf/ /sɝf/ v
surfować
to browse the Internet

surface /ˈsɜːfɪs/ /ˈsɝːfəs/ n
powierzchnia
up-side of a flat object
locus of an equation in a more-than-two-dimensional space

surface tension n
napięcie powierzchniowe
the effect on the surface of a liquid

surfbird n
brzegowiec
Aphriza virgata

surfboard /ˈsɜːfˌbɔːd/ /ˈsɝfˌbɔɹd/ n
deska surfingowa
a shaped waterproof plank used to surf on waves

surfeit /ˈsɜː.fɪt/ /ˈsɝː.fɪt/ n
przejedzenie
overindulgence in either food or drink; overeating
przesyt
disgust caused by excess; satiety
sickness or condition caused by overindulgence

surfer n
internauta surfer
person who surfs the Internet
surfer surferka
person who rides a surfboard

surfing /ˈsɝfɪŋ/ n
surfing
sport

surge /sɜːd͡ʒ/ /sɝd͡ʒ/ n
napływ przypływ
sudden transient rush or flood
skok napięcia

surgeon /ˈsɜːd͡ʒən/ /ˈsɝd͡ʒən/ n
chirurg chirurżka
doctor who performs surgery

surgery /ˈsɜːd͡ʒəɹi/ /ˈsɝd͡ʒəɹi/ n
chirurgia
medical specialty
gabinet lekarski
doctor's consulting room
operacja chirurgia
procedure involving major incisions

surgical /ˈsɜːd͡ʒɪkəl/ /ˈsɝd͡ʒɪkəl/ adj
aptekarski chirurgiczny
precise or very accurate
chirurgiczny
of or relating to surgery

surgical mask n
maseczka chirurgiczna
specifically, surgical mask
maseczka chirurgiczna półmaska
mask worn to catch bacteria

surgically adv
chirurgicznie
relating surgery

surimi /sʊəˈɹiːmi/ /ˈsʊəɹɪmi/ n
surimi
type of seafood

surjection /sɜː(ɹ)ˈd͡ʒɛk.ʃən/ n
suriekcja
function that is a many-to-one mapping

surjective /səˈd͡ʒɛktɪv/ /sɚˈd͡ʒɛktɪv/ adj
na suriektywny
of, relating, or being a surjection

surjectivity n
cecha tego, co jest odpowiednie na [[funkcja "na"|funkcję "na"]]
property

surmise /sɚˈmaɪz/ /sɜːˈmaɪz/ n
domysł
thought, imagination, or conjecture, which may be based upon feeble or scanty evidence

surmise /sɚˈmaɪz/ /sɜːˈmaɪz/ v
domyślać się domyślić się
to imagine or suspect

surname /ˈsɜːˌneɪm/ /ˈsɝˌneɪm/ n
nazwisko
name that indicates family

surpass /səˈpɑːs/ /sɚˈpæs/ v
przewyższać przewyższyć
to exceed

surplice /ˈsɜːplɪs/ /ˈsɝplɪs/ n
komeżka komża
liturgical vestment

surplus /ˈsɜːpləs/ /ˈsɝpləs/ /ˈsɝˌplʌs/ n
nadmiar nadwyżka
excess, overplus

surprise /səˈpɹaɪz/ /sɚˈpɹaɪz/ n
niespodzianka zaskoczenie
something not expected
attributively: that is unexpected
zdziwienie niespodzianka
feeling that something unexpected has happened

surprise /səˈpɹaɪz/ /sɚˈpɹaɪz/ v
dziwić zadziwić zdziwić
cause (someone) to feel surprise
zaskoczyć zaskakiwać
do something to (a person) that they are not expecting, as a surprise

surprised /səˈpɹaɪzd/ /sɚˈpɹaɪzd/ adj
zaskoczony zdziwiony
caused to feel surprise

surprising /səˈpɹaɪzɪŋ/ /sɚˈpɹaɪzɪŋ/ adj
cudowny
that is or are a surprise

surprisingly /səˈpɹaɪzɪŋli/ adv
zadziwiająco zaskakująco
in a way that causes surprise because it is unexpected, or unusual

surreal /səˈɹiː(.ə)l/ adj
surrealistyczny
fantastic and incongruous

surrealism /səˈɹiː(.ə)l.ɪz.əm/ n
surrealizm
artistic movement and aesthetic philosophy

surrealist adj
surrealistyczny
of, or relating to surrealism

surrealist n
surrealista surrealistka
surrealist artist

surrealistically adv
surrealistycznie
in a surreal manner

surrender /səˈɹɛndə(ɹ)/ /səˈɹɛndɚ/ n
kapitulacja
an act of surrendering

surrender /səˈɹɛndə(ɹ)/ /səˈɹɛndɚ/ v
kapitulować poddawać poddać skapitulować
intransitive or reflexive: to give oneself up into the power of another

surrogacy /ˈsɝəɡəsi/ /ˈsʌɹəɡəsi/ n
surogacja
act of substitution
surrogate motherhood

surrogate /ˈsɝəɡeɪt/ /ˈsɝəɡɪt/ /ˈsʌɹəɡeɪt/ /ˈsʌɹəɡɪt/ adj
surogatowy zastępczy
Of, concerning, relating to or acting as a substitute

surrogate /ˈsɝəɡeɪt/ /ˈsɝəɡɪt/ /ˈsʌɹəɡeɪt/ /ˈsʌɹəɡɪt/ n
erzac surogat
substitute

surrogate /ˈsɝəɡeɪt/ /ˈsɝəɡɪt/ /ˈsʌɹəɡeɪt/ /ˈsʌɹəɡɪt/ v
zastąpić zastępować
to replace or substitute something with something else

surrogate mother n
matka zastępcza surogatka
woman who gives birth to a child not her own

surrogation n
surogacja

surround /səˈɹaʊnd/ v
otaczać
to encircle something or simultaneously extend in all directions
to enclose to prevent escape

surroundings /səˈɹaʊndɪŋz/ n
okolica
area surrounding someone or something

surveillance /səɾˈveː.ljəns/ /səˈveɪ.ləns/ /sɚˈveɪ.ləns/ n
inwigilacja
observation of individuals or groups of individuals

survey /səˈveɪ/ /sɚˈveɪ/ /sɜːˈveɪ/ /ˈsɜːveɪ/ /ˈsɝˌveɪ/ n
ankieta
an examination
ankieta nadzór
act of surveying
ankieta przegląd
an examination of the opinions of a group

survey /səˈveɪ/ /sɚˈveɪ/ /sɜːˈveɪ/ /ˈsɜːveɪ/ /ˈsɝˌveɪ/ v
ankietować ankietyzować zankietować
To investigate the opinions or experiences of people by asking questions

surveyee /ˌsɜː(ɹ)veɪˈiː/ n
ankietowana ankietowany

surveying /səˈveɪ.ɪŋ/ /sɚˈveɪ.ɪŋ/ n
ankietyzacja
science of accurately determining the position of points

surveyor n
geodeta
person occupied with the process of determining positions on the Earth's surface

survival /səˈvaɪ.vəl/ /səˈvʌɪ.vəl/ /sɚˈvaɪ.vəl/ n
przetrwanie przeżycie
continued existence or life

survival instinct n
instynkt przetrwania instynkt samozachowawczy

survival of the fittest n
przetrwanie najsilniejszych
natural selection

survivalist n
preppers surwiwalista
person prepared to survive

survive /səˈvaɪv/ /səˈvʌɪv/ /sɚˈvaɪv/ v
przeżyć
live longer than
live past a life-threatening event
przeżyć przeżywać
object, concept: continue to exist
przeżyć przeżywać przetrwać
person: continue to live

survivor /sɚˈvaɪvɚ/ n
ocalała ocalały
one who survives

survivor guilt n
syndrom KZ

survivorship bias n
błąd przeżywalności
bias

susceptibility /səˌsɛptəˈbɪlɪti/ n
czułość
emotional sensitivity
podatność
the condition of being susceptible

susceptible /səˈsɛptɪbl̩/ adj
podatny
likely to be affected by
wrażliwy
especially sensitive

sushi /ˈsuʃi/ /ˈsuːʃi/ n
sushi
Japanese dish

suslik /ˈsʊslɪk/ /ˈsʌslɪk/ n
suseł
Spermophilus or Citellus

suspect /səˈspɛkt/ /ˈsʌs.pɛkt/ adj
podejrzany
viewed with suspicion

suspect /səˈspɛkt/ /ˈsʌs.pɛkt/ n
podejrzany podejrzana
person suspected of something

suspect /səˈspɛkt/ /ˈsʌs.pɛkt/ v
podejrzewać
believe to be guilty

suspend /səsˈpɛnd/ v
zawiesić zawieszać
to discontinue or interrupt a function, task, position, or event
to halt temporarily
to hang freely

suspend one's disbelief v
świadome zawieszenie sceptycyzmu
willingly accept the premise of a story

suspended sentence n
kara w zawieszeniu warunkowe zawieszenie kary zawiasy
a sentence which the offender serves in probation unless he/she commits another crime during the period the sentence is in force

suspender /səˈspɛndə/ /səˈspɛndɚ/ n
szelka
an item used hold up trousers

suspense /səˈspɛns/ n
suspens suspensja
pleasurable emotion of anticipation and excitement

suspension /səˈspɛnʃən/ n
napięcie
act of keeping a person listening in doubt and expectation
suspensja zawiesina
state of a solid when mixed with, but not dissolved in a fluid
zawieszenie
act of suspending or state of being suspended
education: process of barring a student from school grounds as a form of punishment
temporary barring of a person from a workplace, society, etc. pending investigation into alleged misconduct
vehicle: system of springs and shock absorbers connected to the wheels in an automobile

suspension bridge n
most wiszący
bridge where the deck or roadway is suspended from cables

suspension of disbelief n
zawieszenie niewiary
people's acceptance of what they know to be a nonfactual premise

suspicion /səˈspɪʃ.ən/ n
cień poszlaka trop ślad
slight indication
podejrzenie
act of suspecting something or someone, especially of something wrong
condition of being suspected
imagining without evidence
podejrzliwość
uncertainty, doubt

suspicious /səˈspɪʃ.əs/ adj
podejrzany
arousing suspicion
podejrzliwy nieufny
distrustful
expressing suspicion

suspiciousness n
podejrzliwość
state or quality of being distrustful or tending to suspect

sustain /səˈsteɪn/ /səˈstæɪn/ v
podtrzymać
to maintain something
utrzymywać podtrzymać
to provide for or nourish something

sustainable /səˈsteɪnəbəl/ adj
możliwy do utrzymania podtrzymywalny
able to be sustained
able to be sustained: environmental term

sustainable development n
zrównoważony rozwój
development seeking to economic growth while ensuring future generations' ability to do the same, by not exceeding natural regenerative capacity

sutler /ˈsʌtlə/ /ˈsʌtlɚ/ n
markietan markietanka
a person who follows an army, selling provisions

sutra /ˈsuːtɹə/ n
sutra
a rule or thesis in Sanskrit grammar or Hindu law or philosophy
a scriptural narrative

suture /ˈs(j)uː.tjʊə/ /ˈs(j)uː.tʃə/ /ˈsu.t͡ʃɚ/ n
szew
seam

suzerain /ˈs(j)uz(ə)ɹən/ /ˈs(j)uzəˌɹeɪ̯n/ n
suzeren
feudal landowner

svelte /ˈsfɛlt/ /ˈsvɛlt/ adj
smukły
attractively thin, slender

svirel n
żalejka
an old folk Russian wind instrument

swab /swɒb/ n
wacik
a small piece of soft, absorbent material

swaddling clothes n
powijaki
garment

swag /swæɡ/ v
maniera styl
(slang) style; a fashionable appearance or manner
łup zdobycz
burglar's or thief's booty; a boodle

swain /sweɪn/ n
giermek
young man or boy, young shepherd, young attendant

swallow /ˈswɑ.loʊ/ /ˈswɒ.ləʊ/ [ˈswɑ.wɜʊ̯] [ˈswɑ.ɫoʊ̯] n
łyk
amount swallowed
jaskółka dymówka
bird

swallow /ˈswɑ.loʊ/ /ˈswɒ.ləʊ/ [ˈswɑ.wɜʊ̯] [ˈswɑ.ɫoʊ̯] v
połykać połknąć
to cause to pass from the mouth into the stomach
to take in, to consume

swallow one's pride v
chować ambicję do kieszeni schować ambicję do kieszeni
To hide one's feelings of pride, adopting more humble stance

swallow-tailed kite n
jaskólak
various species of kite native to the Americas

swallowtail /ˈswɒl.əʊˌteɪl/ n
frak
tailcoat
paź królowej
butterfly

swamp /swɑmp/ /swɒmp/ n
bagno błota bagnisko moczar trzęsawisko
type of wetland

swampiness n
bagienność bagnistość

swampy adj
bagienny bagnisty błotnisty błotny
wet like a swamp

swan /swɑn/ /swɒn/ n
łabędź
waterfowl of the genus Cygnus

swan song n
łabędzi śpiew
a final performance

swap /swɒp/ n
swap
finance: derivative
zamiana swap
exchange

swap /swɒp/ v
zamieniać zamienić
exchange or give (something) in exchange for

swaption n
swapcja
instrument granting the owner an option to enter an interest rate swap

sward /swɔɹd/ /swɔːd/ n
darń
earth into the upper layer of which grass has grown; portion of such earth: sod,turf

swarf /swɔɹf/ /swɔːf/ n
wiór

swarm /swɔɹm/ /swɔːm/ n
mrowie
a mass of people or animals in turmoil
rój
large number of insects

swashbuckler n
płaszcza i szpady
a kind of period adventure story
szermierz
a swordsman or fencer who engages in show or extravagant swordplay

swashbuckling adj
zawadiacki
adventurous

swastika /ˈswɑstəkə/ /ˈswɑstɪkə/ /ˈswɒstəkə/ /ˈswɒstɪkə/ /ˈswɔstɘkɘ/ n
swastyka
a cross with arms of equal length all bent halfway along at a 90° angle

swath /sweɪð/ /swɑð/ /swɑθ/ /swɒθ/ /swɔð/ /swɔθ/ n
pas
expanse, a strip of land
pokos
The track cut out by a scythe in mowing

sway /sweɪ/ n
władza
rule; dominion; control

sway /sweɪ/ v
rządzić
to influence or direct by power and authority
trząść
to move or swing from side to side; or backward and forward; to rock

swear /swɛə/ /swɛɚ/ v
kląć przeklinać bluzgać bluznąć przekląć skląć
to curse, to use offensive language
przysięgać przysiąc kląć się przyrzec przyrzekać zaklinać się
to take an oath

swear like a trooper v
kląć jak szewc

swear on a stack of Bibles v
przysięgać na wszystkie świętości

swear word n
przekleństwo
impolite or offensive taboo word

sweat /swɛt/ n
pot
fluid that exits the body through pores

sweat /swɛt/ v
pocić się
informal: to work hard
pocić się spocić
to emit sweat

sweat like a pig v
pocić się jak mysz spocić się jak mysz
sweat profusely

sweat of one's brow /ˈswɛt əv wɒnz ˈbɹaʊ/ /ˈswɛt əv wʌnz ˈbɹaʊ/ n
w pocie czoła
effort extended in labour, and the value created thereby

sweater /-ɾɚ/ /ˈswetə/ /ˈswɛtə/ /ˈswɛtɚ/ n
sweter
knitted jacket worn by athletes before or after exercise
sweter pulower
similar garment worn for warmth

sweatshirt n
bluza
loose shirt, usually made of a knit fleece, for athletic wear and now often used as casual apparel

sweatsuit n
dres dresy
two-piece garment worn during exercise

sweaty /ˈswɛti/ [ˈswɛɾi] adj
pocić
having a tendency to sweat
spocony
covered in sweat

sweep /swiːp/ v
zamiatać zamieść
to clean using a broom or brush

sweep something under the rug v
zamiatać pod dywan zamieść pod dywan
to conceal a problem expediently

sweeping /ˈswiːpɪŋ/ adj
doszczętny
wide, broad, affecting many things

sweet /swit/ /swiːt/ adj
miły uroczy
having a helpful disposition
having a pleasing disposition
słodki
having a taste of sugar
having a pleasant taste
not having a salty taste
of a wine: retaining a portion of sugar
having a pleasant smell
słodki melodyjny
having a pleasant sound
słodzony słodki
containing a sweetening ingredient

sweet /swit/ /swiːt/ adv
słodko
in a sweet manner

sweet /swit/ /swiːt/ n
cukierek słodycze
sugary confection

sweet chestnut n
kasztan jadalny
nut
tree Castanea sativa

sweet dreams /ˌswiːt ˈdɹiːmz/ phraseologicalUnit
słodkich snów
sweet dreams

sweet flag n
ajer lepiech tatarak tatarak zwyczajny tatarskie ziele lepiecha
Acorus calamus

sweet gum n
ambra ambrowiec
tree

sweet potato n
batat wilec ziemniaczany
tuber
vine

sweet woodruff n
przytulia wonna marzanka wonna
Asperula odorata

sweetbread /ˈswitˌbɹɛd/ /ˈswiːtbɹɛd/ n
grasica trzustka
pancreas or thymus gland of an animal as food

sweeten /ˈswiːtən/ [ˈswiːtn̩] [ˈswiːʔn̩] v
słodzić
to make sweet to the taste

sweetener n
słodzik
food additive

sweetheart /ˈswitˌhɑɹt/ /ˈswiːtˌhɑːt/ [ˈswiˌɾ(ʱ)ɑɹt̠̚] n
baranek
a person who is always very kind
kochanie sympatia ukochana ukochany
a person very much liked or loved by someone

sweetly /ˈswiːtli/ adv
słodko
in a sweet or pleasant manner

sweetness /ˈswitnəs/ /ˈswiːtnəs/ n
słodycz
condition of being sweet or sugary
pleasant disposition

sweetness and light /ˌswitnəs n̩ ˈlaɪt/ /ˌswiːtnəs n̩ ˈlaɪt/ n
do rany przyłóż
that which is good, pleasant, pure, etc.

sweets n
słodycze
confectionery, candy

sweetshop n
cukiernia
shop selling predominantly confectionery

swell /swɛl/ n
falowanie
series of waves, lasting after the wind has ceased

swell /swɛl/ v
puchnąć pęcznieć powiększać
intransitive: to become bigger, especially due to being engorged

swelling /ˈswɛl.ɪŋ/ n
obrzęk opuchlizna
the state of being swollen

swerve /swɜːv/ /swɝv/ v
błądzić
to stray
zbaczać zboczyć
to go out of a straight line

swift /swɪft/ adj
szybki
fast; quick; rapid

swift /swɪft/ n
jerzyk
bird

swift fox n
lis płowy
Vulpes velox

swig /swɪɡ/ v
żłopać
to drink (usually by gulping)

swim /swɪm/ v
pływać płynąć
move through water

swim bladder n
pęcherz pławny
fish organ

swim cap n
czepek czepek pływacki
cap worn by swimmers

swim diaper n
kąpieluszka
swimwear

swimmer /ˈswɪm.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈswɪm.ɚ/ n
pływak pływaczka
one who swims

swimming /ˈswɪmɪŋ/ n
pływanie pływactwo
human activity of moving oneself through water

swimming goggles n
okulary do pływania okulary pływackie
goggles for protecting the eyes in the water

swimming pool /ˈswɪmɪŋ ˌpuːl/ n
basen
pool for swimming

swimming trunks n
kąpielówki spodenki kąpielowe
a pair of shorts or briefs worn for swimming or bathing

swimmingly /-ɡli/ /ˈswɪmɪŋli/ adv
jak z płatka
in a very favourable manner

swimsuit /swɪm.s(j)ut/ n
kostium kąpielowy kąpielówki strój kąpielowy
garment worn for swimming

swindle /ˈswɪnd(ə)l/ v
szwindlować
to defraud someone

swindler /ˈswɪnd.lə(ɹ)/ n
oszust szuler
person who swindles, cheats or defrauds

swine /swaɪn/ n
świnia
contemptible person

swineherd /ˈswaɪnˌhɜːd/ n
świniarka świniarz świniopas
person who herds and tends swine, keeper of swine/pigs

swing /ˈswɪŋ/ n
huśtawka bujaczka bujawka
hanging seat

swing /ˈswɪŋ/ v
bachnąć
to move an object backward and forward
huśtać się
to ride on a swing

swing by v
zahaczać zahaczyć

swipe /swaɪp/ v
zakosić
to steal or snatch

swipple n
bijak
the part of a flail that is free to swing

swish /swɪʃ/ v
szeleścić
to make a rustling sound while moving

switch /swɪt͡ʃ/ n
switch
system allowing the interconnection of telephone lines
wyłącznik przełącznik łącznik
device to turn electric current on and off
zwrotnica
movable section of railroad track

switch off v
wyłączyć wyłączać
turn switch to off position

switch on v
włączyć włączać
to turn a switch to the "on" position

switchblade n
nóż sprężynowy sprężynowiec
type of folding knife

swivel chair n
krzesło obrotowe
chair with a rotating seat, typically used in an office or at a computer

swollen /ˈswoʊ.lən/ /ˈswəʊ.lən/ adj
spuchnięty
distended

sword /so(ː)ɹd/ /soəd/ [soːd] [soːɹd] [sɔɹd] [sɔːd] n
miecz
weapon
suit in tarot

sword of Damocles /ˈsɔɹd əv ˈdæməkliz/ n
miecz Damoklesa
thing or situation which causes a prolonged state of impending doom or misfortune

swordfish /ˈsɔː(ɹ)dfɪʃ/ n
miecznik włócznik ryba miecz
Xiphias gladius

swordsman n
szermierz
a person skilled at using swords
a person who fights with a sword

swordsmith n
kowal
a maker of swords

sworn /swo(ː)ɹn/ /swoən/ /swɔɹn/ /swɔːn/ adj
przysięgły
Given under oath

swot /swɑt/ /swɒt/ /swɔt/ n
kujon
one who swots

swot /swɑt/ /swɒt/ /swɔt/ v
kuć wkuwać wkuć
study hard

sycamore /ˈsɪkəmɔɹ/ /ˈsɪkəmɔː/ n
platan
Platanus

sycamore maple n
jawor
Acer pseudoplatanus

sycophant /ˈsaɪkəfænt/ /ˈsaɪkəfənt/ /ˈsɪkəfænt/ /ˈsɪkəfənt/ n
pochlebca cmokier lizus
one who uses compliments to gain self-serving favor or advantage from another person.

sycophantic /sɪkəˈfæntɪk/ adj
służalczy
obsequious, flattering, toadying

syllabary /sɪˈlæbəɹi/ /ˈsɪləˌbɛɹi/ n
sylabariusz
system
table

syllabic /sɪˈlæb.ɪk/ adj
sylabiczny
in linguistics
sylabiczny sylabowy zgłoskotwórczy zgłoskowy
of, relating to, or consisting of a syllable

syllable /ˈsɪl.ə.bəl/ [ˈsɪl.ə.bɫ̩] n
sylaba zgłoska
unit of speech

syllabus /ˈsɪləbəs/ n
program nauczania sylabus syllabus
summary of topics

syllepsis /sɪˈlɛp.sɪs/ n
syllepsis syllepsa
figure of speech

syllogism /ˈsɪlədʒɪz(ə)m/ n
sylogizm
inference from premises

sylph /sɪlf/ n
sylf sylfida
The elemental being of air
sylfida
A slender girl

symbiont n
symbiont
organism in a symbiotic relationship

symbiosis /sɪmbaɪˈoʊsɪs/ /sɪmbiˈoʊsɪs/ n
symbioza
relationship of mutual benefit

symbol /ˈsɪmbəl/ n
symbol
character or glyph
object meant to represent another
summary of a dogmatic statement of faith
type of noun

symbolic adj
symboliczny
pertaining to a symbol

symbolically /ˌsɪmˈbɑːlɪklɪ/ /ˌsɪmˈbɒlɪklɪ/ adv
symbolicznie
in a symbolic manner

symbolism /ˈsɪmbəˌlɪzəm/ n
symbolika symbolizm
representation of a concept

symbolize /ˈsɪmbəlaɪz/ v
symbolizować
To be symbolic of; to represent

symmetric matrix n
macierz symetryczna
a square matrix that is its own transpose, and is thereby symmetric about the main diagonal

symmetrical /sɪˈmɛtɹɪkəl/ adj
symetryczny
exhibiting symmetry

symmetry /ˈsɪmɪtɹi/ n
symetria
correspondence on either side of a dividing line, plane, center or axis
satisfying arrangement of a balanced distribution of the elements of a whole

sympathectomy n
sympatektomia
surgical cutting of a nerve in the sympathetic nervous system

sympathetic /ˌsɪm.pəˈθɛt.ɪk/ adj
współczujący
of, related to, showing, or characterized by sympathy

sympathetic nervous system n
układ sympatyczny
sympathetic nervous system

sympathizer n
sympatyczka sympatyk
supporter

sympathy /ˈsɪm.pəθ.i/ n
sympatia
mutual relationship
współczucie
feeling of pity or sorrow for the suffering or distress of another

symphonic /sɪmˈfɒnɪk/ adj
symfoniczny
characteristic of a symphony

symphonist n
symfonista symfonistka
composer of symphonies

symphony /ˈsɪm.fə.ni/ [ˈsɪɱ.fə.ni] n
symfonia
piece of orchestral music

symphony orchestra n
orkiestra symfoniczna
large orchestra that traditionally plays Western classical orchestral music

symploce /ˈsɪmploʊsi/ n
symploka

symposium /sɪm.ˈpoʊ.zi.əm/ n
sympozjum
a conference or other meeting for discussion of a topic, especially one in which the participants make presentations

symptom /ˈsɪm(p)təm/ n
objaw symptom
something that indicates a disease or disorder
symptom objaw
figuratively: indicator of something

symptomatic /ˌsɪmp.təˈmæt.ɪk/ adj
symptomatyczny
relating to a symptom

symptomatology n
symptomatologia
science that studies the symptoms of diseases

symptomless adj
bezobjawowy
lacking symptoms

symptomlessly adv
bezobjawowo
without symptoms

symptomlessness n
bezobjawowość
state of being asymptomatic

syn- prefix
syn-

synaesthesia /ˌsɪn.əsˈθi.ʒə/ /ˌsɪn.ɪsˈθiː.zɪ.ə/ /ˌsɪn.ɪsˈθiː.ʒə/ n
synestezja
literary or artistic device
neurological or psychological phenomenon

synagogal adj
synagogalny
of or pertaining to a synagogue

synagogue /ˈsɪ.nəˌɡɑɡ/ /ˈsɪ.nəˌɡɒɡ/ n
synagoga bożnica
Jewish place of worship

synarchy /ˈsɪnəki/ /ˈsɪnɚki/ n
synarchia
joint rule or sovereignty

synchrocyclotron /sɪŋkɹəʊˈsaɪklətɹɒn/ n
synchrocyklotron
particle accelerator

synchronicity n
synchronia synchroniczność synchronizm
the state of being synchronous or simultaneous

synchronised skating n
łyżwiarstwo synchroniczne
figure skating in a team

synchronised swimming n
pływanie synchroniczne
swimming event

synchronization n
synchronizacja
the state or property of being synchronized

synchronize /ˈsɪŋ.kɹə.naɪz/ /ˈsɪŋ.kɹə.naɪːz/ v
synchronizować
cause two events to have coordinated timing

synchronous rotation n
obrót synchroniczny
tidal locking

synclinal adj
synklinalny
formed by strata dipping toward a common line or plane

synclinal n
synklina łęk
synclinal fold

syncope /ˈsɪŋ.kə.pi/ n
synkopa
absence of a sound
missed beat or off-beat stress

syncretism /ˈsɪŋkɹəˌtɪzm/ n
synkretyzm
fusion of different systems or beliefs
fusion of different inflexional forms

syndesmosis /ˌsɪn.dɛsˈmoʊ.sɪs/ /ˌsɪn.dɛzˈmoʊ.sɪs/ /ˌsɪn.dɛzˈməʊ.sɪs/ n
więzozrost

syndicalism n
syndykalizm
the belief that capitalism should be replaced with labor unions

syndicalist n
syndykalista
believer in the principles of syndicalism

syndicate /ˈsɪndɪkeɪt/ /ˈsɪndɪkət/ n
syndykat
group of gangsters
group of individuals or companies

syndrome / ˈsin-ˌdrōm/ /-dɹəm/ /ˈsɪndɹoʊm/ /ˈsɪndɹəʊm/ n
syndrom
set of characteristics
syndrom zespół
recognizable pattern of symptoms or behaviours

synecdoche /sɪˈnɛk.doʊ.ki/ /sɪˈnɛk.də.ki/ n
synekdocha
figure of speech that uses the name of a part of something to represent the whole

synod /ˈsɪn.əd/ n
synod
ecclesiastic council or meeting

synonym /ˈsɪn.əˌnɪm/ n
synonim bliskoznacznik
word with same meaning as another

synonymous /sɪˈnɑnɪməs/ /sɪˈnɒnɪməs/ adj
bliskoznaczny równoznaczny synonimiczny
having an identical meaning
bliskoznaczny synonimiczny
having a similar meaning

synonymy /sɪˈnɒnəmi/ n
synonimia bliskoznaczność synonimiczność
quality of being synonymous

synopsis /sɪˈnɑpsɪs/ /sɪˈnɒpsɪs/ n
streszczenie
brief summary

synovial membrane n
błona maziowa

synovitis n
zapalenie błony maziowej
inflammation of the synovium

syntactic /sɪnˈtæktɪk/ adj
syntaktyczny składniowy
of, related to or connected with syntax

syntactic sugar n
lukier składniowy cukier składniowy cukier syntaktyczny lukier syntaktyczny

syntactically adv
składniowo
according to the rules of syntax

syntagma /sɪnˈtæɡmə/ n
syntagma
semiotic arrangement
syntactic arrangement

syntagmatic adj
syntagmatyczny
of a syntagma

syntax /ˈsɪn.tæks/ n
składnia syntaksa syntaktyka
set of rules that govern how words are combined
formal rules of a computer language
study of the structure of phrases and sentences

synthesis /ˈsɪnθəsɪs/ n
synteza
formation of something complex or coherent

synthesizer /ˈsɪn.θəˌsaɪ.zə(ɹ)/ /ˈsɪn.θəˌsaɪ.zɚ/ n
syntezator syntetyzator syntetyzer
music: an electronic keyboard instrument

synthetic /sɪnˈθɛtɪk/ adj
syntetyczny
of, or relating to synthesis
produced by chemical synthesis
syntetyczny sztuczny
artificial, not genuine

synthetic geometry n
geometria syntetyczna

syphilis /ˈsɪfɪlɪs/ n
kiła syfilis franca lues przymiot
sexual disease caused by Treponema pallidum

syringe /səˈɹɪnd͡ʒ/ /sɪˈɹɪnd͡ʒ/ n
strzykawka
hypodermic syringe
a device used for injecting or drawing fluids through a membrane

syringomyelia n
jamistość rdzenia syringomyelia
disorder in which a cyst or cavity forms within the spinal cord

syrup /ˈsɝ.əp/ /ˈsɪɹ.əp/ n
syrop
thick liquid that has a high sugar content

sysop /ˈsaɪsˌɒp/ /ˈsɪsˌɒp/ n
sysop

system /ˈsɪstəm/ n
system układ
collection of organized things; whole composed of relationships among its members
układ
(physiology) set of body organs having a particular function

system of equations n
układ równań
set of equations

system on a chip n
system na chipie

systematic /ˌsɪs.təˈmæt.ɪk/ [ˌsɪs.təˈmæɾ.ɪk] adj
systematyczny
of, or relating to taxonomic classification
systematyczny planowy
carried out using a planned, ordered procedure
systemowy
of, relating to, or being a system

systematically /ˌsɪs.təˈmæt.ɪk.li/ adv
systematycznie
in an organized manner

systematization n
systematyzacja
act of systematizing

systematize /ˈsɪstəməˌtaɪz/ v
systematyzować usystematyzować porządkować uporządkować
to arrange into a systematic order

systemic adj
ogólnoustrojowy
pertaining to an entire organism
systemowy
relating to a system

systemically adv
układowo
In a systemic manner

systemicity n
układowość

systems analyst n
analityczka analityk
person

syuzhet n
sjużet
employment of narrative

syzygy /ˈsɪz.ɪ.d͡ʒi/ n
syzygium
astronomical conjunction

szlachcic n
szlachcianka szlachcic
(historical) a Polish (or Lithuanian) nobleman

séance /ˈseɪˌɑns/ n
seans
a ceremony where people try to communicate with the spirits

ta-da /tə-ˈdɑː/ interjection
tadam
behold!

tab /tæb/ [tʰæb̥] v
karta zakładka
navigational widget in a GUI

tabasco n
tabasco
hot sauce

tabernacle /ˈtæbənækl̩/ /ˈtæbɚnækl̩/ n
tabernakulum
portable tent used before the construction of the temple
small ornamented cupboard or box used for the sacrament of the Eucharist

table /ˈteɪbl̩/ n
stół
item of furniture
tabela
grid of data in rows and columns
tabela stół
collection of arithmetic calculations

table knife n
nóż stołowy
A type of knife

table of contents n
spis treści
organized list summarizing book or document

table salt n
sól kuchenna
salt to season food

table tennis n
tenis stołowy ping-pong
game similar to tennis

tablecloth n
obrus
a cloth used to cover and protect a table, especially for a dining table

tablespoon /ˈteɪbəlˌspun/ /ˈteɪbəlˌspuːn/ [-bɫ̩-] n
łyżka łyżka stołowa
a large spoon, used for eating food
a unit of measure

tablet computer n
tablet
a type of computer

tabletop n
blat
horizontal upper surface of a table

tabletopper n
planszówkowicz planszówkowiczka

tableware n
zastawa
cutlery, crockery and glassware

tabloid /ˈtæ.blɔɪd/ n
tabloid
newspaper that favours stories of sensational nature

taboo /tæˈbuː/ /təˈbuː/ n
tabu
inhibition or ban

taboret /ˈtæbəɹɛt/ n
taboret
a low stool

tabula rasa /ˈtæbjʊlə ˈɹeɪzə/ /ˈtæbjʊlə ˈɹɑːzə/ n
tabula rasa
the idea that the mind comes into the world as a blank state

tachometer /təˈkɒmətɚ/ n
obrotomierz tachometr
device for measuring rpm

tachycardia /tæ.kɪˈkɑː(ɹ).di.ə/ /tæ.kɪˈkɑːɹ.di.ə/ n
tachykardia
rapid resting heart rate

tachyon /ˈtæki.ɒn/ n
tachion
hypothetical particle

tacit /ˈtæsɪt/ adj
milczący cichy
done or made in silence; implied, but not expressed; silent

taciturn /ˈtæsɪtɜːn/ /ˈtæsɪtɝn/ adj
małomówny milczący milkliwy
untalkative, silent

tack /tæk/ [tak] n
zwrot na wiatr zwrot przez sztag
nautical: maneuver

tackle /ˈtækəl/ [ˈtʰækɫ̩] v
radzić sobie stawiać czoła zmagać się
to face or deal with

tacky /ˈtæki/ adj
lepki
slightly sticky
tandetny
colloquial: of low quality

taco /ˈteɪkoʊ/ /ˈteɪkəʊ/ /ˈtækəʊ/ /ˈtæɪkəʊ/ /ˈtɐːkəʊ/ /ˈtɑkoʊ/ [ˈtʰako(ː)] [ˈtʰeɪkoʊ] [ˈtʰä(ː)ko(ː)] [ˈtʰɑkoʊ] n
tacos
Mexican snack food

tact /tækt/ n
takt
sensitive mental touch

tactful /ˈtæktfəl/ adj
taktowny
possessing tact

tactic /ˈtæktɪk/ n
taktyka
action to achieve some end
Military manoeuvre used against an enemy

tactical adj
taktyczny
of or relating to tactics

tactics /ˈtæktɪks/ n
taktyka
military science
the employment of forces

tactile /ˈtæktaɪl/ /ˈtæktəl/ adj
dotykowy
of, or relating to the sense of touch

tadalafil /təˈdæl.ə.fɪl/ n
tadalafil
SSRI antidepressant drugs

tadpole /ˈtædpoʊl/ n
kijanka
toad or frog larva

taekwondo /-ˈkwɑn-/ /-ˈkwɒn-/ /ˌtaɪkwɑnˈdoʊ/ /ˌtaɪkwɒnˈdəʊ/ /ˌteɪ-/ n
taekwondo
a martial art

taffeta /ˈtæ.fə.tə/ /ˈtæ.fɪ.tə/ n
tafta
woven fabric

taffy /ˈtæ.fi/ n
ciągutka mordoklejka
soft, chewy candy

tag /teɪɡ/ /tæɡ/ n
berek
game
metka etykieta
small label
tag znacznik
computing: element in a markup language

tag /teɪɡ/ /tæɡ/ v
oznaczyć
to label

tagliatelle /ˌtaljəˈtɛli/ /ˌtæljəˈtɛli/ /ˌtɑljəˈtɛli/ n
tagliatelle
flat ribbons of pasta

tahini /tɑːˈhiː.ni/ n
tahini
sesame paste

taiga /taɪˈɡɑː/ /ˈtaɪɡə/ n
tajga
subarctic zone of coniferous forest

taiga flycatcher n
muchołówka rdzawogardła
Ficedula albicilla

taikonaut /ˈtaɪkəˌnɔːt/ n
tajkonauta
Chinese astronaut

tail /teɪl/ n
ogon
comet tail
rear of an aircraft
typography: lower loop of letters
ogon chwost
appendage of an animal

tail between one's legs phraseologicalUnit
z podwiniętym ogonem z uszami spuszczonymi po sobie
defeated; in a cowardly or miserable manner

tailcoat /ˈteɪlkoʊt/ n
frak
formal evening jacket

tailed /teɪld/ adj
ogoniasty
having a tail

tailgate /ˈteɪlˌɡeɪt/ v
siedzieć na ogonie siedzieć na zderzaku
drive dangerously close behind another vehicle

tailless adj
bezogonowy
without a tail

taillight n
tylne światło
rear mounted lights on a vehicle

tailor /ˈteɪlə/ /ˈteɪlɚ/ n
krawcowa krawczka
a female tailor
krawiec krawcowa krawczyni szwoczka
person who makes, repairs, or alters clothing as profession

tailor's n
krawiec zakład krawiecki
tailor's shop

tailor's chalk n
kreda krawiecka
chalk-like material used for marking alterations on fabric

tailor-made adj
na miarę
made to specific requirements

tailored adj
na miarę
adjusted by a tailor, fitted

tailoress n
krawcowa
female tailor

tailoring n
krawiectwo
work of a tailor

tailpiece n
płużka strunnik strunociąg
secures strings on a musical instrument

tails /teɪlz/ n
reszka
side of coin

tailspin n
korkociąg
The rapid, uncontrollable descent of an aircraft in a steep spiral

tajine /tæˈd͡ʒiːn/ /tɑˈd͡ʒin/ /təˈʒin/ /təˈʒiːn/ n
tażin
earthenware cooking pot
stew originally from Morocco

taka /ˈtɑːkə/ n
taka
national currency of Bangladesh

takbir n
takbir
takbir

take /teɪk/ /tæɪk/ [tʰeɪ̯k] n
branie wzięcie
act of taking
ujęcie
film: attempt to record a scene

take /teɪk/ /tæɪk/ [tʰeɪ̯k] v
brać przyjmować zażywać
to ingest medicine
brać wziąć
to get into one's possession
to grab and move to oneself
to have sex with
to carry
brać wziąć jąć
to get into one's hands or control
wybrać brać
to choose
zawładnąć brać
to gain a position by force

take French leave v
wyjść po angielsku
idiom: to leave without saying goodbye, especially with reference to ignoring local habits

take a breather v
odsapnąć odsapywać
to take a break

take a leaf out of someone's book v
brać przykład wziąć przykład
adopt an idea

take a leak v
odlać się

take a look v
rzucać okiem rzucić okiem
to examine or observe

take a powder v
ulotnić się ulatniać się zmywać się zmyć się
to run away

take a shine to v
polubić

take a step back v
robić krok w tył zrobić krok w tył

take a wife v
ożenić się pojmować za żonę pojąć za żonę żenić się
(of a man) to marry a woman

take aback /ˌteɪk əˈbæk/ /ˌtæɪk əˈbæk/ [ˌtʰeɪ̯.k‿əˈbæk] [ˌtʰæɪ̯.k‿əˈbæk] v
zbić z tropu
to surprise or shock

take at face value v
brać za dobrą monetę przyjmować za dobrą monetę przyjąć za dobrą monetę wziąć za dobrą monetę

take care v
uważać
be cautious, careful
zadbać
to be in charge of something

take care of v
dbać
look after
załatwiać załatwić
deal with
kill

take care of the pennies and the pounds will take care of themselves proverb
grosz do grosza, a będzie kokosza
if you take care of little things one at a time, they can add up to big things

take delivery v
odbierać przesyłkę odebrać przesyłkę

take down v
rzucać na matę rzucić na matę zdejmować zdjąć
combat sports

take flight v
uciec uciekać
to flee
wznieść się wznosić się
to become airborne

take for a ride v
brać na bajer wziąć na bajer
to deceive someone

take for a spin v
wykołować wykołowywać

take for granted v
brać za pewnik wziąć za pewnik
assume something to be true without verification or proof

take heart /ˌteɪk ˈhɑɹt/ /ˌteɪk ˈhɑːt/ interjection
głowa do góry

take hostage v
brać zakładnika pojmać zakładnika
take custody or possession of a person as security for performance against a treaty, a pledge, or a demand, especially now an extra-legal demand

take in /ˈteɪkɪn/ v
przygarniać przygarnąć
allow to live in one's home

take into account v
brać pod uwagę wziąć pod uwagę

take it easy interjection
trzymaj się
farewell

take it easy v
bimbać przebimbać
relax
wyluzuj się
relax (imperative)

take it or leave it phraseologicalUnit
wóz albo przewóz
accept the situation without change

take it out on v
wyżywać się
unleash one's anger

take it up the ass v
brać do dupy brać w dupę
To be the recipient of anal sex
zostać wydymanym w dupę zostać wyjebanym w dupe zostać wyruchanym w dupę
To be cheated or treated unfairly

take liberties v
pozwalać
act on one's own authority
behave disrespectfully, especially to make unwanted sexual advances

take lightly v
lekceważyć zlekceważyć
approach casually

take lying down v
po cichu znosić
endure without complaint

take matters into one's own hands v
brać sprawy w swoje ręce wziąć sprawy w swoje ręce

take offense v
obrazić się obrażać się
feel and possibly show resentment

take on v
brać na barki wziąć na barki
To assume responsibility for

take one day at a time v
żyć z dnia na dzień

take one's business elsewhere v
robić interes z kimś innym

take one's leave v
pożegnać żegnać
say goodbye

take one's pick v
wybierać wybrać do wyboru, do koloru
choose

take one's time v
marudzić
take more time to do something than is considered acceptable
nie śpieszyć się
go about something slowly and carefully

take out v
likwidować niszczyć załatwiać załatwić zlikwidować zniszczyć
slang: to kill or destroy
usunąć usuwać wyjmować wyjąć wyrzucać wyrzucić
to remove
zabierać zabrać
to escort someone on a date

take part v
brać udział uczestniczyć
share or partake
uczestniczyć brać udział wziąć udział
participate or join

take personally v
brać do siebie wziąć do siebie

take place v
mieć miejsce odbywać odbyć
to happen

take responsibility v
brać odpowiedzialność wziąć odpowiedzialność
to blame oneself for something; to acknowledge a fault

take root v
zakorzeniać się zakorzenić się
to become established, to take hold
to grow roots into soil

take seriously v
brać na poważnie brać poważnie wziąć na poważnie wziąć poważnie
take seriously

take someone at their word v
potraktować poważnie traktować poważnie
take someone literally even though they may not have been serious
uwierzyć na słowo wierzyć na słowo
believe someone without having the means to check that what they said is true

take someone's breath away v
zapierać dech zapierać dech w piersiach

take someone's life v
odbierać życie odebrać życie pozbawiać życia pozbawić życia

take someone's word for it v
uwierzyć na słowo wierzyć na słowo
to believe what someone claims

take something in stride v
przejść nad czymś do porządku dziennego przyjąć coś bez mrugnięcia okiem
cope with something unfortunate without much effort

take the bait v
połknąć przynętę połykać przynętę
to nibble at bait on a hook

take the bull by the horns v
złapać byka za rogi
to deal directly with a matter; to confront a difficulty

take the floor v
zabierać głos zabrać głos

take the liberty v
pozwalać
act on one’s own authority

take the long view v
myśleć długoterminowo

take the plunge v
zobowiązać zobowiązywać
to begin a commitment

take the rough with the smooth v
akceptować sytuację taką, jaka jest zaakceptować sytuację taką, jaka jest

take the wind out of someone's sails v
przygasić przygaszać
to discourage someone

take the words out of someone's mouth v
wyjmować z ust wyjąć z ust

take to heart v
brać sobie do serca wziąć sobie do serca
to take something seriously

take to one's heels v
brać nogi za pas wziąć nogi za pas
to flee or run away

take to the cleaners v
puszczać z torbami puścić z torbami
to take a significant amount of money or valuables

take to the grave v
zabrać ze sobą do grobu
to never reveal a secret to one's death

take turns v
robić na zmianę
do the same thing one after another

takedown n
rzut na matę
martial arts

taken /ˈteɪkən/ adj
zajęta zajęty
informal: in a relationship

taken aback adj
zbity z tropu
surprised, shocked

takeoff n
start wzlot
start of flight

takeout adj
na wynos
(of food) intended to be eaten off the premises from which it was bought

takeover n
akwizycja przejęcie
the purchase of a private company
the purchase of a public company
przejęcie
transfer of control

taker /ˈteɪkɚ/ n
biorca
One who takes something

talc /tælk/ n
talk
soft mineral

talc /tælk/ v
talkować
To apply talc

talcum powder n
talk
perfumed talc

tale /ˈteɪl/ n
opowieść
type of story

talent /ˈtalənt/ /ˈtælənt/ n
talent dar zdolność
marked ability or skill

talented /ˈtæləntɪd/ adj
utalentowany
endowed with talents

talentlessness n
beztalencie
state of being without talent

talisman /ˈtæl.ɪsˌmæn/ /ˈtæl.ɪz.mən/ n
talizman
magical protective charms

talk /toːk/ /tɑk/ /tɔk/ /tɔʊ̯k/ /tɔːk/ [tak] [täk] [tɑk] n
negocjacja
meeting, negotiation
rozmowa konwersacja
conversation
temat
major topic of social discussion

talk /toːk/ /tɑk/ /tɔk/ /tɔʊ̯k/ /tɔːk/ [tak] [täk] [tɑk] v
mówić rozmawiać porozmawiać
to communicate by speech

talk a blue streak v
gadać jak najęta gadać jak najęty
to talk for a long time, rapidly without giving others a chance to speak, or to the point of tedium

talk back v
odpyskiwać odpyskować odpyskowywać
to reply impertinently; to answer in a cheeky manner

talk dirty v
świntuszyć
use profane language for the purpose of arousal

talk down v
patrzeć z góry
patronize
targować się
negotiate

talk like a book /tɑk-/ /ˌtɔk laɪk‿ə ˈbʊk/ /ˌtɔːk laɪk‿ə ˈbʊk/ v
mówić literacko
to talk pedantically, or using excessively difficult or literary words

talk shop v
rozmawiać o pracy
discuss one's work

talk show n
talk-show
TV or radio programme in which a host converses with guests

talk through one's hat v
mówić jak ślepy o kolorach
to speak lacking knowledge

talk to a brick wall v
mówić jak do ściany

talkative /ˈtɑːkədɪv/ /ˈtɔːkətɪv/ adj
gadatliwy rozmowny
tending to talk or speak freely or often

talkativeness n
gadatliwość
the state of being talkative

talking head /ˈtɔkɪŋ hɛd/ /ˈtɔːkɪŋ hɛd/ n
gadające głowy

tall /tɑl/ /tɔl/ /tɔːl/ [tʰoːɫ] adj
wysoki
of a person
of a building

tall order /ˈtɔl ˈɔɹdɚ/ /ˈtɔːl ˈɔːdə/ [ˈtɔl ˈɔɹɾɚ] n
grubsza sprawa grubszy interes nie byle co nie lada wyczyn
big job, difficult challenge

tallow /ˈtæləʊ/ n
łój
hard animal fat obtained

talon /ˈtælən/ n
szpon pazur
hooked claw

tam-tam n
tam-tam
flat gong

tamada /ˈtɑmədɑ/ /ˈtɑmədə/ /ˈtɑːmədɑː/ /ˈtɑːmədə/ n
tamada
(chiefly Georgia) toastmaster

tamandua /təˈmænduə/ /təˌmænduˈɑ/ n
tamandua
anteater of the genus Tamandua

tamarillo n
tamarillo
Solanum betaceum
fruit

tamarisk /ˈtæmərɪsk/ n
tamaryszek
shrub of the genus Tamarix

tambourine /ˌtæm.bəˈɹiːn/ n
tamburyn tamburyno
percussion instrument

tambourinist n
tamburynista
someone who plays the tambourine

tame /teɪm/ adj
oswojony
not wild

tame /teɪm/ v
oswajać oswoić
to make something tame

tamer /ˈteɪmɚ/ n
pogromca pogromczyni poskramiacz poskramiaczka poskromiciel poskromicielka
one who tames or subdues

tamp /tæmp/ v
ubijać ubić
pack down

tampon [ˈtʰæmpɑn] [ˈtʰæmpɒn] n
tampon
a plug of cotton or other absorbent material

tan /tæn/ adj
opalony
dark skin

tan /tæn/ n
opalenizna
darkening of skin

tan /tæn/ v
garbować
to turn animal hide into leather
opalać się opalić się
to become tan due to exposure to sun

tandem /ˈtæn.dəm/ [ˈtɛən.dəm] n
tandem
bicycle

tangent /ˈtæn.d͡ʒənt/ n
punkt wspólny
nearly unrelated topic
styczna tangens
in geometry
tangens
in trigonometry

tangent plane n
płaszczyzna styczna
differential geometry

tangerine /ˈtæn.d͡ʒəˌɹiːn/ n
mandarynka
fruit
tree

tangible /ˈtænd͡ʒəbəl/ /ˈtænd͡ʒɪb(ə)l/ adj
dotykalny namacalny
touchable, palpable
konkretny
possible to be treated as fact
zrozumiały
comprehensible by the mind; understandable

tangle /ˈtæŋ.ɡl̩/ n
konflikt spór
argument, conflict, dispute, or fight
plątanina
tangled twisted mass
zamęt
complicated or confused state or condition

tangle /ˈtæŋ.ɡl̩/ v
plątać się poplątać się splątać się
to become mixed together or intertwined

tango /ˈtæŋɡoʊ/ /ˈtæŋɡəʊ/ n
tango
ballroom dance

tangy /ˈtæŋiː/ adj
cierpki
having a sharp, pungent flavor

tank /tæŋk/ [ˈtɛəŋk] n
bak zbiornik
fuel reservoir
basen
pond, pool, or small lake, natural or artificial
czołg
armoured fighting vehicle
zbiornik czołg
closed container for fluids

tank destroyer n
niszczyciel czołgów

tank engine n
tendrzak
type of steam locomotive

tankard /ˈtæŋkəd/ /ˈtæŋkɚd/ n
kufel
drinking vessel

tanker /ˈtæŋkɚ/ n
beczkowóz cysterna
tank truck
czołgista czołgistka
member of a tank crew
tankowiec zbiornikowiec

tankette n
tankietka
A small tank

tankful n
bak
amount that will fill a tank

tankini n
tankini
tank top and the lower half of a bikini

tanned adj
opalony
having a suntan

tanner /ˈtænɚ/ n
garbarz
person whose occupation is to tan

tannic adj
taninowy
pertaining to tannins

tannic acid n
kwas taninowy
any of various complex phenols

tannin /ˈtænɪn/ n
tanina
tannic acid

tanning salon n
solarium
a business renting use of tanning beds

tansy /ˈtanzi/ /ˈtæn.zi/ n
wrotycz wrotycz pospolity
plant of the genus Tanacetum

tantalize /ˈtæntəlaɪz/ v
mamić nęcić
to tease someone by offering something desirable but keeping it out of reach

tantalum /ˈtæntələm/ n
tantal
A metallic chemical element with an atomic number of 73.

tantamount /ˈtæntəˌmaʊnt/ adj
równoważny
equivalent in meaning or effect

tantra /ˈtæntɹə/ /ˈtɑːntɹə/ /ˈtʌntɹə/ n
tantra
Hindu or Buddhist religious text

tantric sex n
seks tantryczny
form of sexual intercourse founded on Indian mysticism

tantrism n
tantryzm
Tantric beliefs and practices

tantrum /ˈtæn.tɹəm/ n
histeria
often childish display of bad temper

tanzanite /ˈtænzənaɪt/ /ˈtænzəˌnaɪt/ n
tanzanit
trichroic violet-blue variety of the mineral zoisite mined in Tanzania

tap /tæp/ /tɐːp/ [tʰæp] n
gwintownik
device to cut internal threads
kran kurek zawór bateria
device to dispense liquid
zawór główny
connection of a system to the main distribution

tap /tæp/ /tɐːp/ [tʰæp] v
gwintować
to cut an internal screw thread
napoczynać spuszczać płyn
to draw off liquid from a vessel
podsłuchiwać
to intercept communication
wykorzystywać
to access a resource or object
założyć podsłuch
to place a listening device
klepnąć stuknąć
to touch something, often repeatedly
tapnąć
to operate an electronic device by tapping its touch screen

tap water n
kranówka woda kranowa
water from a tap

tap-dance v
stepować

tapas /-pəs/ /ˈtæpæs/ /ˈtæpəs/ /ˈtɑː-/ n
tapas
variety of Spanish small savoury food items or snacks, originally served with sherry and now often with other alcoholic beverages as well

tape /teɪ̯p/ [tʰeɪ̯p] n
taśma
video or audiocassette tape

tape drive n
napęd taśmowy
computing: cassette drive
computing: reel-to-reel tape machine
computing: tape cartridge interface

tape measure n
metrówka miarka taśma miernicza
graduated ribbon for length measurement

tape recorder n
magnetofon
an electromechanical device use to record and play back sound

taper off /ˈteɪpə ɒf/ /ˈteɪpɚ ɔf/ v
słabnąć zamierać
diminish or lessen gradually; to become smaller, slower, quieter, etc.

tapeworm /ˈteɪpˌwɝm/ n
tasiemiec
parasitical worm of the class Cestoda

tapir /ˈteɪpiːɚ/ /ˈteɪpɚ/ /ˈteɪpɪɚ/ n
tapir
large odd-toed ungulate with a long prehensile upper lip of the family Tapiridae

tappet n
popychacz
lever or projection intended to tap or touch something

taproot /ˈtæpˌɹuːt/ n
korzeń palowy
long tapering root

tar /tɑɹ/ /tɑː/ [tʰɑɹ] [tʰɑɻ] n
smoła
byproduct of tobacco smoke
coal tar
smoła dziegieć
substance

tar with the same brush /ˈtaɹ wɪ‿ðə seɪm ˈbɹʌʃ/ /ˈtaː wɪ‿ðə seɪm ˈbɹʌʃ/ v
generalizować
to characterize (someone or something) using the same undesirable attribute, especially unjustly

taramosalata /ˌtæɹəməsəˈlɑːtə/ /ˌtɑɹəməsəˈlɑːtə/ n
taramosalata
Turkish/Greek dish

tarantass /taɹənˈtas/ n
tarantas
a low horse-drawn carriage without springs used in Russia

tarantula /tə.ˈɹæn.t͡ʃə.lə/ /tə.ˈɹæn.t͡ʃʊ.lə/ n
ptasznik
spider of the family Theraphosidae
tarantula
wolf spider of the species Lycosa tarantula

tare /teə/ /teː/ /tɛ(ə)ɹ/ /tɛə/ n
tara
the empty weight of a container

target /ˈtaːɡɪt/ /ˈtɑɹɡɪt/ /ˈtɑːɡɪt/ [ˈtʰɑɹɡɪt̚] n
cel meta
goal or objective
cel tarcza
butt or mark to shoot at

target /ˈtaːɡɪt/ /ˈtɑɹɡɪt/ /ˈtɑːɡɪt/ [ˈtʰɑɹɡɪt̚] v
celować wycelować
to aim something (especially a weapon) at a target

target group n
grupa docelowa
group of people

target language n
język docelowy
language into which a translation is done

target market n
rynek docelowy

targum /ˈtɑːɡəm/ n
targum
translation of the Tanakh

tariff /ˈtæɹəf/ /ˈtæɹɪf/ /ˈtɛɹɪf/ n
taryfa
duties imposed

tarmac /ˈtɑː(ɹ)mæk/ n
betonka
area of an airport, where planes park or maneuver

tarn /tɑɹn/ /tɑːn/ [tɝn] n
jezioro cyrkowe jezioro karowe
small mountain lake

tarnish /ˈtɑɹnɪʃ/ /ˈtɑːnɪʃ/ n
zaśniedzenie
oxidation or discoloration, especially of a decorative metal exposed to air

tarnish /ˈtɑɹnɪʃ/ /ˈtɑːnɪʃ/ v
zaśniedzieć śniedzieć
to oxidize or discolor due to oxidation
zbrukać brukać
to compromise, damage, soil, or sully

taro /ˈtæɹəʊ/ /ˈtɑɹoʊ/ /ˈtɛɹoʊ/ n
taro
Colocasia esculenta

tarot /ˈtæɹəʊ/ /ˈtɛɹoʊ/ n
tarot tarok
card game

tarpan /ˈtɑɹpən/ /ˈtɑːpən/ n
tarpan
Equus ferus ferus

tarpaper n
papa
heavy paper coated with tar

tarpaulin /tɑɹˈpɔ.lɪn/ /tɑˈpɔː.lɪn/ /ˈtɑːɹpəlɪn/ n
brezent
heavy, waterproof sheet of material

tarragon /ˈtæɹəɡɑn/ /ˈtæɹəɡən/ /ˈtɛɹəɡɑn/ /ˈtɛɹəɡən/ n
estragon
perennial herb Artemisia dracunculus
the leaves of Artemisia dracunculus

tarsier /ˈtaɹʃi.əɹ/ /ˈtɑ(ɹ)si.ɚ/ n
wyrak
insectivorous primate

tarsus /ˈtɑɹ.səs/ /ˈtɑː.səs/ n
stęp
any of the seven bones in this part of the foot
the part of the foot between the main part of the hindlimb and the metatarsus

tart /tɑɹt/ /tɑːt/ adj
cierpki
with sharp taste, sour

tart /tɑɹt/ /tɑːt/ n
tarta
open-topped pie or pastry

tartan /ˈtɑɹtn̩/ /ˈtɑːtn̩/ adj
tartanowy
having tartan pattern

tartan /ˈtɑɹtn̩/ /ˈtɑːtn̩/ n
tartan
woollen cloth with a distinctive pattern
pattern associated with such material
tartana
type of vessel

tartar /ˈtɑɹ.tɚ/ /ˈtɑː.tə/ n
kamień winny
red compound deposited during wine making

tartare sauce n
sos tatarski
sauce served with fish

tarte Tatin /ˌtɑɹt tæˈtæ̃/ /ˌtɑːt taˈtã/ n
tarta Tatin
upside-down cake prepared with caramelized apples

task /tæsk/ /tɑːsk/ n
zadanie
piece of work done as part of one’s duties
process or execution of a program

tassel /ˈtæsəl/ n
frędzel kutas
ball-shaped bunch of plaited or otherwise entangled threads

taste /teɪst/ n
smak
the sense that consists in the perception and interpretation of this sensation
(figuratively) a small amount of experience
smak gust
one of the sensations produced by the tongue
implicit set of preferences

taste /teɪst/ v
próbować kosztować smakować
to sample the flavor of something
smakować
to have a taste

tastebud n
kubek smakowy
a small organ on the tongue used for tasting

tasteless /ˈteɪstləs/ adj
bez smaku
having no flavour

tastelessness n
bezguście
quality, state, or characteristic of being tasteless

taster /teɪstɚ/ n
degustator degustatorka
Person who tastes wine etc.

tasting /ˈteɪstɪŋ/ n
degustacja
taking of a small amount of food or drink in order to taste it

tatterdemalion /tætədəˈmeɪliɒn/ n
obdartus oberwaniec obszarpaniec łachmaniarz łachmyta łapserdak
person with tattered clothing

tattler /ˈtætlə/ /ˈtætlɚ/ /ˈtætl̩ə/ /ˈtætl̩ɚ/ n
kapuś papla
one who tattles

tattletale n
skarżypyta
one who tattles

tattoo /tæˈtuː/ /təˈtuː/ n
tatuaż dziara
an image made in the skin with ink and a needle

tattoo /tæˈtuː/ /təˈtuː/ v
tatuować robić tatuaż
to apply a tattoo

tattoo artist n
tatuażysta tatuażystka tatuatorka tatuator
tattoo artist

tattooed adj
tatuowany
having one or more tattoos

tau /taʊ/ /tɔ/ /tɔː/ n
tau
the letter }} in the Greek alphabet

taunt /tɑnt/ /tɔnt/ /tɔːnt/ n
drwina
a scornful or mocking remark

tauon n
taon
particle

taut /tɑt/ /tɔt/ /tɔːt/ adj
napięty naprężony
under tension

tautogram n
tautogram

tautological adj
tautologiczny
of, relating to, or using tautology

tautology /tɔˈtɑl.ə.d͡ʒi/ /tɔˈtɒl.ə.d͡ʒi/ n
tautologia
in logic
expression that features tautology
tautologia masło maślane pleonazm
uncountable: redundant use of words

tavern /ˈtævən/ /ˈtævəɹn/ n
tawerna austeria karczma
bar

tawny /ˈtɑ-/ /ˈtɔni/ /ˈtɔːni/ adj
płowy rusy śniady
of a light brown to brownish orange colour

tawny owl /ˈtɔːni aʊl/ n
puszczyk puszczyk zwyczajny
Strix aluco

tawny pipit n
świergotek polny
Anthus campestris

tax /tæks/ n
podatek
money paid to the government

tax /tæks/ v
opodatkować opodatkowywać
to impose and collect a tax

tax authority n
organ podatkowy
government organization responsible for tax collection

tax base n
podstawa opodatkowania

tax bracket n
próg podatkowy
range

tax haven n
raj podatkowy
country that levies low taxes on foreign businesses

tax rate n
stawka podatkowa
rate at which something is taxed

tax return n
deklaracja podatkowa zeznanie podatkowe
declaration of income to the tax authority

taxation /tækˈseɪ.ʃən/ n
opodatkowanie
act of imposing taxes and the fact of being taxed

taxi /ˈtæk.si/ n
taksówka taxi
vehicle

taxi /ˈtæk.si/ v
kołować
move an aircraft

taxi driver n
taksówkarz taksówkarka taksiarz
person who drives a taxicab

taxi stand n
postój taksówek
place for taxicabs to wait

taxidermist n
wypychacz
one who practices taxidermy

taxidermy /ˈtæksɪdɚmi/ n
taksydermia
art of stuffing dead animals

taxing n
opodatkowanie
act

taxiway n
droga kołowania
road or path on an airport for taxiing

taxon /ˈtæk.sɑn/ /ˈtæk.sɒn/ n
takson
taxonomic group

taxonomist n
taksonomista
taxon maker

taxonomy /tækˈsɑn.ə.mi/ /tækˈsɒn.ə.mi/ n
taksonomia
science of finding, describing, classifying and naming organisms
classification in a hierarchical system

taxpayer n
podatnik podatniczka płatnik podatku
person who pays tax

tea /ti/ /tiː/ [tʰi] [tʰiː] n
filiżanka herbaty herbata
cup of this drink
herbata
drink made from leaves of tea plant
dried leaves of tea plant
drink made from other plants
cup of drink made from other plants
podwieczorek
light afternoon meal

tea ceremony n
ceremonia herbaciana ceremonia herbaty
detailed ritual in Japan or Asia for preparing, serving and drinking tea

tea leaf n
liść herbaty
leaf of the tea plant

tea plant n
herbata
Camellia sinensis

teabag /ˈtiːbæɡ/ n
torebka herbaty
sachet of tea

teaberry n
golteria rozesłana
shrub Gaultheria procumbens and its berry

teacake n
keks
flat, round bun

teach /tiːt͡ʃ/ v
uczyć nauczyć
to pass on knowledge

teach grandma how to suck eggs v
uczyć ojca dzieci robić
teach an expert

teacher /ˈtit͡ʃɚ/ /ˈtiːt͡ʃə/ n
nauczyciel belfer
person who teaches
nauczycielka nauczyciel
female who teaches

teacher's pet n
pupil
student perceived to be favored by the teacher

teaching /ˈtiːt͡ʃɪŋ/ n
belferka belferstwo nauczycielstwo
the profession of teaching; the activity that a teacher does when he/she teaches

teaching hospital n
klinika

teacup /tiː.kʌp/ n
filiżanka
cup for drinking tea

teahouse n
herbaciarnia
a cafe that sells tea

teak /tiːk/ n
teczyna wyniosła
tree

teakettle n
czajnik imbryk sagan
a vessel for boiling water for tea

teal /tiːl/ [tiːɫ] adj
morski
colour

teal /tiːl/ [tiːɫ] n
cyraneczka
duck

tealight n
świeczka do podgrzewacza
small, typically circular candle encased in thin metal cup

team /tiːm/ n
drużyna zespół ekipa
group of people
zaprzęg
set of draught animals

team spirit n
duch zespołowy duch zespołu
camaraderie

team sport n
sport drużynowy sport zespołowy
sport competed between two teams each with two or more players

teamwork n
praca zespołowa
cooperative effort of a team

teapot n
czajnik imbryk
vessel for tea

tear /teə/ /tɪə/ /tɪɚ/ n
łza
drop of clear salty liquid from the eyes

tear /teə/ /tɛə/ /tɛɚ/ v
burzyć zburzyć
to demolish; to tear down
drzeć się podrzeć się porwać się rwać się
to become torn
drzeć rwać
to rend
oderwać odrywać zerwać zrywać
to remove by tearing
pruć pędzić
to move at excessive speed, act with energy

tear away v
oderwać odrywać
(transitive) to remove a reluctant person

tear gas /ˈtɪəɡæs/ n
gaz łzawiący
chemical compound

tear off /teɪɹ ɑf/ /teɪɹ ɒf/ v
odrywać oderwać
(intransitive) to become detached by tearing or ripping

teardrop /ˈtɪədɹɒp/ n
łza
single tear

tearful /ˈtɪə(ɹ)fəl/ /ˈtɪə(ɹ)fʊl/ /ˈtɪɹfəl/ /ˈtɪɹfʊl/ adj
rzewny stroskany żałosny
sorrowful
łzawy płaczliwy rozpłakany zapłakany
accompanied by tears

tearjerker n
wyciskacz łez
emotionally charged dramatic work

tease /tiːz/ v
drażnić dokuczać
to poke fun at

teasel n
szczeć
plant

teaser /ˈtizɚ/ n
teaser zajawka zwiastun
preview of a product

teaspoon /ˈtiˌspun/ /ˈtiːˌspuːn/ n
łyżeczka
unit of measure
łyżeczka łyżeczka do herbaty
small spoon

teat /tiːt/ n
brodawka sutkowa sutek sutka
projection of mammary gland
smoczek
feeding bottle top

teatime n
podwieczorek
a time specifically for the serving of tea

technetate n
technecjan

technetium /-ʃəm/ /tɛkˈni.ʃi.əm/ n
technet
chemical element

technical /ˈtɛk.nɪk.əl/ /ˈtɛt.nɪk.əl/ adj
techniczny
pertaining to the useful or mechanic arts

technical /ˈtɛk.nɪk.əl/ /ˈtɛt.nɪk.əl/ n
pickup wojskowy
pickup truck-based fighting vehicle

technical drawing n
kreślenie
act
rysunek techniczny
art
depiction

technical school n
technikum
school that provides training in practical skills

technical support n
obsługa techniczna pomoc techniczna wsparcie techniczne
services providing assistance with technology

technical term n
pojęcie techniczne technicyzm termin techniczny
word that has a specific meaning within a specific field of expertise according to the context

technically /ˈtɛk.nəˌkli/ /ˈtɛk.nɪˌkli/ /ˈtɛk.nɪˌkəl.i/ adv
de iure wedle prawa
based on formal (de jure) arguments, which however may be misleading
technicznie
having or using the skills or talent required for a certain job or profession
właściwie
based on precise facts, which however may be contrary to common misbelief or to a traditional name

technician /tɛkˈnɪʃən/ n
technik techniczka
occupation

technique /tɛkˈniːk/ n
technika
practical aspects of a given art

techno /ˈtɛknoʊ/ n
techno
style of music

techno- /tɛknoʊ/ prefix
techno-
used to form words relating to technology

technocracy /tɛkˈnɒkɹəsi/ n
technokracja
a system of governance where people who are skilled or proficient govern in their respective areas of expertise

technocrat /ˈtɛknə(ʊ)kɹat/ n
technokrata
advocate of technocracy

technocratic /tɛk.nəˈkɹæt.ɪk/ adj
technokratyczny
of or relating to a technocrat or technocracy

technological /ˌtɛk.nəˈlɑ.d͡ʒɪ.kəl/ /ˌtɛk.nəˈlɒd͡ʒ.ɪ.kəl/ [ˌtɛk.nəˈlɑ.d͡ʒɪ.kl̩] [ˌtɛk.nəˈlɒd͡ʒ.ɪ.kl̩] adj
technologiczny
of, relating to, or involving technology

technologically adv
technologicznie
in a technological manner

technologist /tɛkˈnɑləd͡ʒɪst/ /tɛkˈnɒləd͡ʒɪst/ n
technolog technolożka
a scientist or engineer who specializes in a particular technology

technology /tɛkˈnɑləd͡ʒi/ /tɛkˈnɒləd͡ʒi/ n
technologia
a particular technological concept
body of tools
technologia technika
the study of or a collection of techniques

tectonic adj
tektoniczny
(geology) relating to large-scale movements

tectonic plate n
płyta tektoniczna płyta litosfery
large piece of Earth's lithosphere

tectonics n
tektonika
study of crustal plates

tedder n
przetrząsacz
machine for stirring and spreading hay

teddy bear n
pluszowy miś
a stuffed toy bear

tedious /ˈti.di.əs/ /ˈti.d͡ʒəs/ /ˈtiː.dɪəs/ adj
nudny nużący żmudny
boring, monotonous

tedium /ˈtiː.di.əm/ n
nuda
boredom or tediousness; ennui

teem /tiːm/ v
obfitować obradzać obrodzić roić się
overflowing with
to be prolific; to abound
obradzać obrodzić owocować zaowocować
to bring forth young or to produce fruit

teenage /ˈtiːneɪd͡ʒ/ adj
nastoletni
of an age between 13 and 19

teenager /ˈtiːnˌeɪ.d͡ʒɚ/ n
nastolatek nastolatka
person aged between thirteen and nineteen

teenybopper /ˈtiniˌbɑpɚ/ /ˈtiːniˌbɒpə/ n
błaźnica podfruwajka
person

teepee /ˈtiːpi/ n
tipi
cone-shaped tent

teeter /ˈtitɚ/ /ˈtiːtə/ [ˈtʰiɾɚ] v
chwiać się kolebać się
tilt back and forth on an edge
nie móc się zdecydować wahać się
to be indecisive

teether n
gryzak
device given to infants to help soothe inflamed gums during teething

teething /ˈtiðɪŋ/ /ˈtiːðɪŋ/ n
ząbkowanie
eruption of milk teeth

teething troubles /ˈtiðɪŋ ˈtɹʌb(ə)lz/ /ˈtiːðɪŋ ˈtɹʌb(ə)lz/ /ˈtɹə-/ n
początkowe problemy
problems that are expected with any new and untried product, venture, etc.

teetotaler /ˈtitoʊtəlɚ/ /ˈtiːtəʊtələ/ n
abstynent abstynentka niepijąca niepijący
person who completely abstains from alcohol

teff /tɛf/ n
miłka abisyńska
grain

telamon /ˈtɛləmən/ /ˈtɛləməʊn/ n
atlant atlas telamon
male figure as pillar

telangiectasia /tɛˌlæn.d͡ʒi.ɛkˈteɪ.zi.ə/ /ˌtɛlˌæn.d͡ʒi.ɛkˈteɪ.ʒə/ n
teleangiektazja
dilatation of the capillaries

tele- /ˈtɛl.ə/ /ˈtɛl.ɪ/ prefix
tele-
over a distance
relating to television

telecommunication n
telekomunikacja
science and technology of communication over distance

telecommunicational adj
telekomunikacyjny
of or pertaining to telecommunication

telega /tɪˈleɪɡə/ n
telega
a simple four-wheeled Russian cart without springs

telegram /ˈtɛləˌɡɹæm/ n
telegram depesza
message sent by telegraph

telegraph /ˈtɛl.ə.ɡɹæf/ /ˈtɛl.ɪ.ɡɹæf/ n
telegraf
chiefly historical: electrical device

telegraph /ˈtɛl.ə.ɡɹæf/ /ˈtɛl.ɪ.ɡɹæf/ v
telegrafować zatelegrafować
to use a telegraph

telegraphic adj
telegraficzny
of, or relating to the telegraph
brief or concise, resembling a telegram

telegraphy /təˈlɛɡɹɑːfi/ /təˈlɛɡɹəfi/ n
telegrafia
communication by means of a telegraph

telekinesis /ˌtɛləkɪˈniːsɪs/ n
telekineza
ability to move objects with the power of one's thoughts

telemarketing n
telemarketing
selling products or services by making calls to potential customers

telemetacarpal deer n
sarna
deer of the subfamily Capreolinae

telemetry /təˈlɛ.məˌtri/ n
telemetria
the science, and associated technology, of automatic recording

telencephalon /ˌtɛlənˈsɛfəlɒn/ /ˌtɛlənˈsɛfələn/ n
kresomózgowie
the anterior part of the forebrain

telenovela n
telenowela
television soap opera presented as a miniseries

teleological /tɛliːəˈlɒdʒɪk(ə)l/ adj
teleologiczny
pertaining to teleology

teleology /ˌtiː.liˈɒ.lə.dʒi/ n
teleologia
study of the purpose of occurrences

telepathic /ˌtɛlɪˈpæθɪk/ adj
telepatyczny
of, relating to, or using telepathy

telepathy /təˈlɛpəθi/ /tɛˈlɛpəθi/ /ˈtɛləpæθi/ n
telepatia
communication by psychic means

telephone /ˈ tɛl.əˌfoʊn/ /ˈ tɛl.əˌfəʊn/ /ˈ tɛl.ɪˌfəʊn/ n
telefon
a device used for two-way talking with other people

telephone /ˈ tɛl.əˌfoʊn/ /ˈ tɛl.əˌfəʊn/ /ˈ tɛl.ɪˌfəʊn/ v
telefonować dzwonić zadzwonić zatelefonować
to call someone

telephone booth n
budka telefoniczna
a small enclosure housing a public telephone

telephone call n
połączenie telefoniczne
connection
rozmowa telefoniczna
conversation

telephone exchange n
centrala
equipment
rooms

telephone number n
numer telefonu
digits assigned to a telephone

telephone operator n
telefonista telefonistka
a person who operates a telephone switchboard

telephonic adj
telefoniczny
of or relating to telephony

telephoto lens n
teleobiektyw
telephoto lens

teleportation n
teleportacja
process of moving matter from one point to another

teleprompter /ˈtɛləˌpɹɑmptɚ/ n
prompter
device that displays scrolling text

telescope /ˈtɛl.əˌskoʊp/ /ˈtɛl.ɪ.skəʊp/ n
teleskop
optical instrument that magnifies

telescopic /tɛlɪˈskɒpɪk/ adj
teleskopowy
of or relating to a telescope

teleshopping n
telezakupy
shopping from home in response to offers on television advertising or shopping channels

teletype /ˈtɛlɪˌtaɪp/ n
dalekopis
automatically translated electric telegraph

television /ˈtɛləˌvɪʒən/ /ˈtɛlɪˌvɪʒən/ /ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən/ /ˌtɛlɪˈvɪʒən/ n
telewizja
program broadcasting
telewizja telewizor
medium
telewizor telewizja
device for receiving television signals

television channel n
kanał telewizyjny
a specific radio frequency or band of frequencies used for transmitting television

television program n
program telewizyjny
the content of an individual television broadcasting

television show n
program telewizyjny
live or recorded TV broadcast or program

television station n
stacja telewizyjna
studio from where a television channel is broadcasted

televisual adj
telewizyjny
of or pertaining to television

tell /tɛl/ [tʰɛl] [tʰɛɫ] v
mówić powiedzieć rzec
to pass information

tell apart v
rozróżniać rozróżnić
to distinguish

tell me about it phraseologicalUnit
nawet mi nie mów

tell on v
poskarżyć skarżyć
to tell someone that someone else has done something wrong

tell you what phraseologicalUnit
powiem tak

teller /ˈtɛlə/ /ˈtɛlɚ/ n
kasjer kasjerka
bank clerk who receives and pays out money
opowiadacz opowiadaczka
person who tells stories

tellingly adv
przekonująco

telltale /ˈtɛlteɪl/ n
kapuś skarżypyta
one who divulges private information
plotkara plotkarka plotkarz
tattletale; squealer

tellurion /-ˈljɔː-/ /tə-/ /tɛˈl(j)ʊ.ɹi.ən/ /tɛˈljʊə.ɹɪ.ən/ /tɪ-/ n
tellurium
instrument used to show how the rotation of the Earth on its axis and its orbit around the Sun cause day and night and the seasons

tellurium /tɪˈljʊəɹiəm/ n
tellur
chemical element

telmatology n
bagnoznawstwo paludologia

telomere /ˈtiːləmɪɚ/ /ˈtɛləmɪɚ/ n
telomer
either of the sequences of DNA at each end of a eukaryotic chromosome

telophase n
telofaza
final stage of mitosis or meiosis

tempera /ˈtɛmpəɹə/ n
tempera
painting medium, artistic technique

temperance /ˈtɛmpəɹəns/ n
umiarkowanie powściągliwość
Tarot card

temperature /ˈtɛm.pə.t͡ʃə/ /ˈtɛm.pə.ɹə.t͡ʃə/ /ˈtɛm.pəɹ.əˌt͡ʃɚ/ /ˈtɛm.pəɹˌt͡ʃɚ/ /ˈtɛm.pɹə.t͡ʃə/ /ˈtɛm.pɹəˌt͡ʃɚ/ [ˈtʰɛm.pʰəɹˌt͡ʃɚ] [ˈtʰɛm.pʰɹəˌt͡ʃɚ] n
gorączka
elevated body temperature
temperatura
a measure of cold or heat
the temperature of the immediate environment
in thermodynamics

tempest /ˈtɛmpəst/ n
burza
storm

tempest in a teapot n
burza w szklance wody
big fuss made in a small context

template /ˈtɛm.pleɪt/ /ˈtɛm.plət/ /ˈtɛm.plɪt/ n
szablon
physical object
szablon schemat
generic model

temple /ˈtɛmp(ə)l/ n
świątynia
place of worship
place holding a religious presence
something of importance
skroń
region of skull

tempo /ˈtɛm.pəʊ/ n
tempo
music: number of beats per minute
frequency or rate

temporal /ˈtɛm.pə.ɹəl/ adj
czasowy
of or relating to time
tymczasowy
of limited time
świecki
of or relating to the material world

temporal lobe n
płat skroniowy
division of cerebrum

temporarily /ˈtɛmp(ə)r(ər)ɪli/ /ˌtɛmp(ə)ˈrɛrɪli/ /ˌtɛmpəˈɹɛɹəli/ adv
tymczasowo
for a limited period of time

temporary /ˈtɛmpəɹi/ /ˈtɛmpəɹəɹi/ /ˈtɛmpəˌɹɛɹi/ adj
tymczasowy krótkoczasowy krótkotrwały
for a limited time, ephemeral, not constant

tempt /tɛmpt/ /tɛmt/ v
judzić podjudzić
to provoke
kusić
to provoke someone to do wrong
nęcić
to attract, allure

tempt fate v
kusić los skusić los
To take an extreme risk

temptation /tɛmpˈteɪʃən/ n
kuszenie pokuszenie
act of tempting
pokusa
something attractive, tempting or seductive
pokuszenie kuszenie
condition of being tempted

tempter n
kusiciel
Someone that tempts
uwodziciel
Male seducer

tempting /ˈtɛmp.tɪŋ/ adj
kusicielski
attractive, appealing, enticing
seductive, alluring, inviting

temptress /ˈtɛmp.tɹɛs/ n
uwodzicielka
An alluring woman who seduces or exploits men

tempura /tɛmˈpu.ɹə/ /tɛmˈpɚ.ə/ /ˈtɛmpʊɹə/ n
tempura
dish made by deep-frying food in a light batter

ten /tɛn/ /tɪn/ [tʰɛn] n
dziesiątka
set or group with ten elements
dziesiątka dycha dziesięć

ten /tɛn/ /tɪn/ [tʰɛn] numeral
dziesięć dziesięcioro
the cardinal number occurring after 9 and before 11

ten o'clock n
dziesiąta
the start of the eleventh hour

ten thousand numeral
dziesięć tysięcy
10,000

ten-thousandth adj
dziesięciotysięczny
the ordinal form of the number ten thousand

tenacious /təˈneɪʃəs/ adj
lepki
clinging to an object or surface; adhesive
spoisty spójny zwarty
holding together; cohesive
trwały
having a good memory; retentive
uparty wytrwały zawzięty
unwilling to yield from a point of view etc; dogged

tenancy /ˈtɛnənsi/ n
dzierżawa najem
occupancy of property, etc.

tenant /ˈtɛ.nənt/ n
lokator dzierżawca najemca
one who pays a fee in return for the use of land, etc.

tench /tɛnt͡ʃ/ n
lin
species of freshwater game fish

tendency /ˈtɛn.dən.si/ n
tendencja skłonność
likelihood of behaving in a particular way

tendentious /tɛnˈdɛnʃəs/ adj
tendencyjny
tendentious

tender /ˈtɛn.də(ɹ)/ /ˈtɛn.də/ /ˈtɛn.dɚ/ adj
czuły pieszczotliwy
fond, loving, gentle, sweet
delikatny
soft and easily chewed

tender /ˈtɛn.də(ɹ)/ /ˈtɛn.də/ /ˈtɛn.dɚ/ n
tender
fuel-carrying railroad car
nautical: ship functioning as mobile base for other ships
oferta przetargowy
law: an offer to buy or sell something
środek płatniczy
means of payment

tenderhearted adj
kochliwy
compassionate

tenderizer /ˌtɛndəˈɹaɪzɚ/ n
tłuczek do mięsa
a form of mallet used to beat meat before cooking

tenderloin n
polędwica
tenderest part of a loin of meat

tenderloin steak n
polędwica
Any of several steaks cut from the tenderest part of the loin of beef

tenderly /ˈtɛn.də.li/ /ˈtɛn.dɚ.li/ adv
czule
in a tender manner

tenderness /ˈtɛn.də.nɪs/ /ˈtɛn.dɚ.nɪs/ n
czułość
a tendency to express warm, compassionate feelings

tendinitis /ˈtɛndn̩ˌaɪ.tɪs/ n
zapalenie ścięgien
inflammation of a tendon

tendon /ˈtɛn.dən/ n
ścięgno
band of fibrous tissue

tendril /ˈtɛn.dɹəl/ n
kosmyk
hair-like tentacle
wąs
thin, spirally coiling stem

tenement /ˈtɛnɪmənt/ n
czynszówka kamienica czynszowa
a building that is rented to multiple tenants, especially a low-rent, run-down one

tenet /ˈtɛnət/ /ˈtɛnɪt/ n
dogmat zasada
an opinion, belief or principle

tenfold adj
dziesięcioczęściowy
containing ten parts
dziesięciokrotny
ten times as much or as many

tenfold adv
dziesięciokrotnie dziesięciokroć
by ten times as much

tenfold v
zdziesięciokrotniać zdziesięciokrotnić
increase to ten times as much

tenner /tɛnə(ɹ)/ n
dycha
note worth ten basic units of currency

tennessine /ˈtɛn.əˌsiːn/ n
tenes
chemical element with atomic number 117

tennis /ˈtɛnɪs/ n
tenis tenis ziemny biały sport
sport played by two or four players with strung racquets

tennis player n
tenisista tenisistka
a person who plays tennis

tennis shoe /ˈtɛ.nɪ.ʃu(ː)/ n
tenisówka
regional: sneaker

tenor clef n
klucz tenorowy

tense /tɛns/ n
czas
verb forms distinguishing time

tense /tɛns/ v
naprężać naprężyć
become tense
make tense

tensor /ˈtɛn.sɔɹ/ /ˈtɛn.sɔː/ /ˈtɛn.sə/ /ˈtɛn.sɚ/ n
tensor
function of several variables
image of a tuple under a tensor product map
matrix of matrices

tensorial adj
tensorowy

tent /tɛnt/ /tɪnt/ n
namiot
portable lodge

tent peg n
śledź
peg, to hold a rope that supports a tent

tentacle /ˈtɛntəkəl/ /ˈtɛntɪkəl/ n
macka
elongated, boneless, flexible appendage
insidious reach or influence

tentacular /tɛnˈtækjuːlɚ/ adj
mackowaty
resembling a tentacle or tentacles

tentative /ˈtɛntətɪv/ adj
niepewny prowizoryczny
uncertain
prowizoryczny
of or pertaining to a trial or trials; essaying; experimental

tenth /tɛnθ/ /tɪnθ/ [tʰɛn̪θ] adj
dziesiąty
ordinal form of ten

tenth /tɛnθ/ /tɪnθ/ [tʰɛn̪θ] n
dziesiąta
a tenth; one of ten equal parts of a whole
dziesiąty dziesiąta
something in the tenth position

tenure /ˈtɛn.jə/ /ˈtɛn.jɚ/ /ˈtɛn.jʊə/ n
kadencja
period of time possessed

tepid /ˈtɛpɪd/ adj
letni
lukewarm

tequila /ˌtəˈkiː.lə/ n
tequila
liquor

terabyte /ˈtɛɹəˌbaɪt/ [ˈtʰɛɹəˌbaɪ̯t] n
terabajt
1,000,000,000,000 bytes

teragon n
wielokąt z fraktalnymi bokami

terasecond n
terasekunda
1,000,000,000,000 seconds

teratoid /ˈtɛɹ.ə.tɔɪd/ adj
monstrualny teratoidalny
monster-like, exhibiting abnormal development

teratoid /ˈtɛɹ.ə.tɔɪd/ n
teratoid
an abnormal tumor

teratoma /tɛɹəˈtəʊmə/ n
potworniak teratoma
type of tumour

terbium /ˈtɝ.bi.əm/ n
terb
chemical element

tercel gentle n
maisz maiz maiż
male falcon

tercet /ˈtɜː(ɹ)sɪt/ n
tercyna
three-line stanza in a poem

teriyaki /ˌte.ɹiˈjɐː.ki/ /ˌtɛ.ɹiˈjæ.ki/ /ˌtɛ.ɹiˈjɑ.ki/ /ˌtɛ.ɹɪˈjɑː.ki/ n
sos teriyaki
a sweet soy sauce marinade

term /tɜːm/ /tɝm/ n
termin określenie
word or phrase, especially one from a specialised area of knowledge
warunek
limitation, restriction or regulation

term of endearment n
afektonim
word, phrase, or nickname expressing affection

terminal /ˈtɚmɪnəl/ adj
graniczny końcowy
appearing at the end
śmiertelny
resulting in death

terminal /ˈtɚmɪnəl/ n
dworzec czołowy
railway station
terminal
airport building
computer program that emulates a terminal
device for entering data into a computer

termination /tɚmɪˈneɪʃən/ n
końcówka
(grammar) the last part (or morpheme) of a word

terminator /ˈtəː.mɪ.neɪ.tə/ /ˈtɝ.mɪ.neɪ.tɚ/ n
terminator
an electrical device
the line between the day side and the night side

terminological /ˌtɜɹmənəlˈɒd͡ʒɪkəl/ adj
terminologiczny
of, or relating to terminology

terminology /ˌtɜː.məˈnɒl.ə.d͡ʒi/ /ˌtɜː.məˈnɔl.ə.d͡ʒi/ /ˌtɝ.məˈnɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/ n
terminologia
terms used in any business, art, etc

termite /ˈtɜː(ɹ).maɪt/ n
termit
insect

termless /ˈtɝmlɪs/ adj
bezterminowy
not terminating

termlessly adv
bezterminowo

termlessness n
bezterminowość

tern /tɜːn/ /tɝn/ n
rybitwa
bird of the subfamily Sternidae

terra firma /ˌtɛɹ.ə ˈfɜː.mə/ /ˌtɛɹ.ə ˈfɝ.mə/ n
stały ląd
land, as opposed to water or air

terra incognita n
biała plama
unexplored ideas
unknown land

terrace /ˈtɛɹəs/ n
taras
platform that extends outwards from a building
standing area at a football ground
taras terasa
(agriculture) raised, flat-topped bank of earth with sloping sides
tasas
roof of a building, especially if accessible to the residents

terracotta /ˌtɛɹ.əˈkɑt.ə/ /ˌtɛɹ.əˈkɒt.ə/ n
terakota
hard red-brown earthenware
colour

terraforming /ˈtɛɹəfɔːmɪŋ/ n
terraformowanie
planetary engineering

terrain /tə.ˈɹeɪn/ n
teren
area

terrapin /-ən/ /ˈtæɹəˌpɪn/ /ˈtɑɹpɪn/ /ˈtɛɚpɪn/ /ˈtɛɹəpɪn/ /ˈtɛɹəˌpɪn/ n
terapena
any of several small turtles native to North America that live in brackish or fresh water

terrarium /tɘ.ˈɹiəɹ.i.ɘm/ /tə.ˈɹeːɹ.i.əm/ /tə.ˈɹɛəɹ.ɪ.əm/ /tə.ˈɹɛɹ.i.əm/ n
terrarium
enclosure for displaying small animals

terrestrial /təˈɹɛstɹi.əl/ adj
nadziemny
living or growing on land; not aquatic
naziemny
broadcast with radio waves
ziemski
of, relating to, or inhabiting the Earth or its inhabitants

terrible /ˈtɛɚbəl/ /ˈtɛɹəbəl/ /ˈtɛɹɪbəl/ /ˈtɝbəl/ adj
groźny
most formidable
okropny
unpleasant
okropny kiepski
very bad
okropny straszny przerażający straszliwy
dreadful; causing alarm or fear
straszny
intense; extreme in degree or extent

terribly /ˈtɛɹ.ɪ.bli/ adv
okropnie
in a terrible manner
very; extremely

terrier /ˈtɛɹiɚ/ n
terier terrier
dog

terrific /təˈɹɪfɪk/ adj
wspaniały świetny
extremely good

territorial /ˌtɛɹ.əˈtɔɹ.i.əl/ /ˌtɛɹ.ɪˈtɔː.ɹi.əl/ adj
terytorialny
of, relating to, or restricted to a specific geographic area, or territory

territorial integrity n
integralność terytorialna
principle that a state’s borders are sacrosanct

territorial waters n
morze terytorialne wody przybrzeżne wody terytorialne
belt of coastal waters

territory /ˈtɛɹɪt(ə)ɹi/ /ˈtɛɹɪˌtɔɹi/ n
rewir
area which an animal defends
terytorium
large tract of land
administrative unit

terror /tɛɚ/ /ˈtɛɹ.ə/ /ˈtɛɹ.ɚ/ n
groza
extreme fear
terror
action or quality of causing dread

terrorbombing n
bombowanie terrorystyczne

terrorism /ˈtɛɹəɹɪzəm/ n
terroryzm
use of terror as a means of coercion

terrorist /ˈtɛɹəɹɪst/ adj
terrorystyczny
of or relating to terrorism

terrorist /ˈtɛɹəɹɪst/ n
terrorysta terrorystka
person who uses terror as a weapon in a political struggle

terrorize /ˈtɛɹəɹaɪz/ v
sterroryzować terroryzować
fill with terror

terry cloth n
frotté
cotton fabric

terse /tɜːs/ /tɝːs/ adj
jędrny lakoniczny lapidarny zwięzły
brief, concise, to the point
krótki
abruptly or brusquely short

tertiary /ˈtɜː.ʃi.ə.ɹiː/ /ˈtɝ.ʃi.æ.ɹi/ /ˈtɝ.ʃə.ɹi/ n
tercjarka tercjarz
Roman Catholicism: member of a third order

terza rima /ˌtɛːtsə ˈɹiːmə/ /ˌtɝtsə ˈɹimə/ n
tercyna
arrangement of triplets rhyming aba bcb cdc

teschenite /ˈtɛʃəˌnaɪt/ n
cieszynit
rock

tesla /ˈtɛslə/ n
tesla
Unit of measurement of magnetic flux density

tessellation /tɛsəˈleɪʃən/ n
parkietaż
tiling pattern with no gaps; the result of tessellating an area or plane

tesseract n
teserakt
four-dimensional analogue of a cube

test /tɛst/ [tʰest] [tʰɛst] n
próba
challenge, trial
sprawdzian
academics: examination
test sprawdzian
product examination

test /tɛst/ [tʰest] [tʰɛst] v
testować
to administer an examination during the academic term
to place a product or piece of equipment under everyday and/or extreme conditions

test card n
obraz kontrolny
broadcast test signal

test of time n
próba czasu ząb czasu

test the waters v
badać grunt wybadać grunt
explore or probe

test tube n
probówka próbówka
glass tube

testament /ˈtes.tə.mənt/ /ˈtɛs.tə.mənt/ n
testament
document containing a person's will
part of the Bible

testator /tɛsˈteɪ.tɚ/ /ˈtɛˌsteɪ.tɚ/ n
spadkodawca spadkodawczyni testator
One who makes or has made a legally valid will

testicle /ˈtɛstɪkəl/ n
jądro jajo
male sex gland

testicular /tɛsˈtɪkjələ/ /tɛsˈtɪkjəlɚ/ adj
jądrowy
pertaining to the testicles

testify /ˈtɛstɪfaɪ/ v
zeznawać
to make a declaration, or give evidence, under oath

testimony /ˈtɛstɪmoʊni/ /ˈtɛstɪməni/ n
zeznanie
statement in court
zeznanie świadectwo
account of first-hand experience

testing /ˈtɛs.tɪŋ/ n
testowanie
the act of conducting a test

testosterone /tɛˈstɑ.stəˌɹoʊn/ /tɛˈstɒ.stə.ɹəʊn/ n
testosteron
steroid hormone

tetanus /ˈtɛt.nəs/ /ˈtɛt.ən.əs/ n
tężec
disease

tether /ˈtɛðɚ/ n
postronek pęta pęto uwięź
rope, cable etc. that holds something in place whilst allowing some movement

tetra n
tetra
fish

tetra- /ˈtɛtɹə/ prefix
tetra-
forming compound words having the sense of ‘four’

tetracontadigon n
42-okąt
42-sided polygon

tetracontagon n
40[[kąt|-okąt]]
40-sided polygon

tetracontane n
tetrakontan

tetracosane n
tetrakozan

tetradecagon n
czternastokąt
geometry

tetradecagonal adj
mający czternaście kątów

tetradecahedron n
14[[ściana|-ościan]]
geometry

tetradecane n
tetradekan
organic compound

tetrahedral adj
czworościenny
pertaining to a tetrahedron

tetrahedron /tɛtɹəˈhiːdɹən/ n
czworościan
polyhedron

tetrahydrocannabinol /ˌtɛ.tɹəˌhaɪ.dɹək.əˈnæb.əˌnɔl/ /ˌtɛ.tɹəˌhʌɪ.dɹə(ʊ).kəˈnæb.ɪn.ɒl/ /ˌtɛ.tɹəˌhʌɪ.dɹə(ʊ)ˈkæn.əb.ɪn.ɒl/ n
tetrahydrokannabinol
THC

tetralogy /tɛˈtɹæləd͡ʒi/ n
tetralogia czteroksiąg
A series of four related works

tetraplegia n
tetraplegia
paralysis of all four limbs

tetrapod /ˈtɛ.tɹəˌpɑd/ /ˈtɛ.tɹəˌpɒd/ adj
czworonożny
having four limbs or feet

tetrapod /ˈtɛ.tɹəˌpɑd/ /ˈtɛ.tɹəˌpɒd/ n
czworonóg
member of superclass Tetrapoda

tetrarchy /ˈtɛtɹɑɹki/ /ˈtɛtɹɑːki/ n
tetrarchia
government by four people

tetration /tɛtˈɹeɪʃən/ n
tetracja

tetravalent adj
czterowartościowy
having an atomic valence of 4

tetromino /tɛˈtɹɑːmɪnoʊ/ /tɛˈtɹɒmɪnəʊ/ n
tetromino
polyomino made up of four squares

tex n
teks
unit of linear mass density for thread or fiber

text /tɛkst/ n
tekst
a written passage
a book, tome or other set of writings
wiadomość esemes sms
a brief written message transmitted between mobile phones

text /tɛkst/ v
esemesować
to send and receive SMSs
pisać
to send a text message to

text box n
pole tekstowe
widget that accepts textual input

text editor n
edytor edytor tekstu
something used to edit text in computers

text message n
esemes
a brief electronic message

text message v
esemesować
to transmit a text message

textbook /ˈtɛkst.bʊk/ adj
podręcznikowy
having the typical characteristics of some class of phenomenon
of or pertaining to textbooks or their styles

textbook /ˈtɛkst.bʊk/ n
podręcznik
formal manual of instruction

textbook case n
podręcznikowy przykład
real-life case that matches theory

textile /ˈtɛks.taɪl/ n
materiały włokiennicze tekstylia włókienniczy
cloth produced from fabric

textiles n
włókiennictwo
industry

textual /ˈtɛks.tju.əl/ /ˈtɛks.tʃu.əl/ /ˈtɛks.tʃəl/ adj
tekstowy
of or pertaining to text

textual criticism n
krytyka tekstu tekstologia
discipline for reconstructing old text forms

textural adj
teksturalny teksturowy
of or pertaining to texture

texture /ˈtɛkst͡ʃɚ/ /ˈtɛkʃt͡ʃɚ/ v
teksturować

textured /ˈtɛk.st͡ʃɚd/ /ˈtɛk.ʃt͡ʃɚd/ adj
teksturowany

thalamus n
wzgórze
anatomy: structure within forebrain

thaler /ˈtɑːlɚ/ n
talar
historical monetary unit

thaliacean n
sprzągla
any tunicate of the class Thaliacea

thallium /ˈθæliəm/ n
tal
chemical element

thallus /ˈθæl.əs/ n
plecha
thallus

than /ðæn/ /ðən/ /ðɛn/ [ðn̩] preposition
niż aniżeli
Introduces a comparison

thanatology /ˌθæ.nəˈtɑl.əd͡ʒ.i/ /θan.əˈtɒl.əd͡ʒ.i/ n
tanatologia
scientific study of death

thank /θæŋk/ [t̪eɪ̯ŋk] [ðeɪ̯ŋk] [ðæŋk] [θaŋk] [θeɪ̯ŋk] [θæŋk] v
dziękować podziękować
to express gratitude or appreciation to someone

thank God interjection
dzięki Bogu chwała Bogu
exclamation of gratitude or relief

thank goodness interjection
dzięki Bogu chwała Bogu
express gratitude

thank one's lucky stars v
dziękować losowi podziękować losowi
to be grateful

thank you /ˈθæŋk juː/ /ˈθæŋk ˌju/ [ˈθeɪŋk ˌju] interjection
dziękuję
an expression of gratitude

thank you very much interjection
dziękuję bardzo
greater gratitude than "thank you"

thankful /ˈθæŋkfəl/ adj
wdzięczny
showing thanks

thankfully adv
na szczęście
fortunately

thankless adj
niewdzięczny
unappreciated

thanks /t̪ʰaŋks/ /ðæŋks/ /θæŋks/ interjection
dziękuję dzięki
used to express appreciation or gratitude

thanks /t̪ʰaŋks/ /ðæŋks/ /θæŋks/ n
podziękowanie podzięka
expression of gratitude

thanks a lot interjection
wielkie dzięki
emphatic thanks

thanks a million interjection
stokrotne dzięki
thanks a great many times

thanks for nothing interjection
bez łaski łaski bez
unhappy for actual unhelpfulness

thanks for your help phraseologicalUnit
dzięki za twoją pomoc dziękuję za pomoc
thanks for your help

thanks in advance interjection
z góry dziękuję
thanks in advance

thanks to preposition
dzięki
because of

thanksgiving /ˈθæŋksˌɡɪv.ɪŋ/ /ˌθæŋksˈɡɪv.ɪŋ/ n
dziękczynienie
expression of gratitude

that /ðət/ /ˈd̪æt/ /ˈd̪æʈ/ /ˈd̪ɛt/ /ˈd̪ʱæʈ/ /ˈðæt/ /ˈðɛt/ adv
aż na tyle
to a given extent or degree
to a great extent or degree, very

that /ðət/ /ˈd̪æt/ /ˈd̪æʈ/ /ˈd̪ɛt/ /ˈd̪ʱæʈ/ /ˈðæt/ /ˈðɛt/ conjunction
że iż co
connecting a noun clause
żeby
connecting a clause indicating purpose ("final")

that /ðət/ /ˈd̪æt/ /ˈd̪æʈ/ /ˈd̪ɛt/ /ˈd̪ʱæʈ/ /ˈðæt/ /ˈðɛt/ determiner
tamten tamta tamto
what is being indicated

that /ðət/ /ˈd̪æt/ /ˈd̪æʈ/ /ˈd̪ɛt/ /ˈd̪ʱæʈ/ /ˈðæt/ /ˈðɛt/ pronoun
to ta te ten
that thing

that does it interjection
basta
used to express annoyance or frustration

that is adv
czyli to jest to znaczy
in other words

that is it phraseologicalUnit
to wszystko
there is nothing more to the issue

that one pronoun
tamten ony
specified object

that'll do phraseologicalUnit
wystarczy
expression to indicate something as being sufficient or enough

that's a relief phraseologicalUnit
co za ulga
that's a relief

that's for me to know and you to find out phraseologicalUnit
masz się domyślać
a phrase used to reply to a question whose answer the speaker doesn't want to reveal

that's it phraseologicalUnit
dokładnie właśnie
Yes!, exactly!
to wszystko
There is nothing more to the issue

that's that phraseologicalUnit
bez dyskusji bez gadania
there is nothing more to say or to do concerning the matter

that's why adv
dlatego
the reason

thatch /θæt͡ʃ/ n
strzecha
straw for covering roofs or stacks

thaw /θɔː/ n
odwilż ocieplenie
warmer weather that melts ice and snow
odwilż roztop tajanie
the melting of ice, snow or other congealed matter

thaw /θɔː/ v
rozmrażać rozmrozić roztapiać roztopić topić
to cause frozen things to melt, soften, or dissolve
tajać odtajać roztapiać się roztopić się stopnieć topnieć
to melt, dissolve, or become fluid

the /jiː/ /ð/ /ðeː/ /ði/ /ðiː/ /ðə/ /ðɪ/ /ˈðiː/ /ˈðʌ/ /θeː/ adv
im + comp., tym + comp.
the + comparative, the + comparative

the /jiː/ /ð/ /ðeː/ /ði/ /ðiː/ /ðə/ /ðɪ/ /ˈðiː/ /ˈðʌ/ /θeː/ article
ten
this

the apple does not fall far from the tree proverb
niedaleko pada jabłko od jabłoni
a child is similar to its parents

the ball is in someone's court phraseologicalUnit
piłka jest po czyjejś stronie

the bill, please phraseologicalUnit
poproszę rachunek
the bill, please

the biter bit n
drań

the chickens come home to roost proverb
cierp ciało, skoroś chciało
a person's past wrongdoings will always return to negatively affect them (idiom)

the coast is clear phraseologicalUnit
czysto
there is no danger

the customer is always right proverb
klient ma zawsze rację
proverb

the day before adv
poprzedniego dnia
on the preceding day

the die is cast /ðə ˌdaɪ ɪz ˈkæst/ /ðə ˌdaɪ ɪz ˈkɑːst/ phraseologicalUnit
kości zostały rzucone
conclusive action has been taken, so events will proceed in an irreversible manner

the dogs bark, but the caravan goes on proverb
psy szczekają, karawana idzie dalej psy szczekają, karawana jedzie dalej
life goes on even if some will try to stop progress

the drinks are on me phraseologicalUnit
ja stawiam drinki
the drinks are on me

the early bird gets the worm proverb
kto rano wstaje, temu Pan Bóg daje
whoever arrives first has the best chance of success

the end justifies the means proverb
cel uświęca środki
morally wrong actions are sometimes necessary

the end of one's rope n
u kresu cierpliwości
the point of having no more options

the enemy of my enemy is my friend proverb
wróg mojego wroga jest moim przyjacielem
it is sometimes necessary to cooperate with a person one does not like or agree with, in order to combat a common threat

the first step is always the hardest proverb
pierwsze koty za płoty

the fish rots from the head proverb
ryba psuje się od głowy
proverb

the fuck phraseologicalUnit
do chuja do kurwy
vulgar: intensifier used after interrogative pronouns
do chuja kurwa w pizdu
vulgar: intensifier forming part of a phrasal verb

the grass is always greener on the other side proverb
wszędzie dobrze, gdzie nas nie ma
others' circumstances seem more desirable than one's own but in reality often are not.

the hell adv
do jasnej
expletive used for emphasis after an interrogative term

the jug goes to the well until it breaks proverb
póty dzban wodę nosi, póki się ucho nie urwie
a jug goes to the well

the king is dead, long live the king! phraseologicalUnit
umarł król, niech żyje król

the last I heard phraseologicalUnit
ostatnio jak słyszałam ostatnio jak słyszałem

the left hand doesn't know what the right hand is doing phraseologicalUnit
niech lewa ręka nie wie, co czyni prawa
two parts of an organization are unaware of each other's activities

the moon on a stick /ˈmun ɑn ə ˈstɪk/ /ˈmuːn ɒn ə ˈstɪk/ n
gwiazdka z nieba
all that one could desire, especially as an unreasonable demand

the more the merrier proverb
w kupie raźniej
it is more fun with more people

the more things change, the more they stay the same proverb
im bardziej się wszystko zmienia, tym bardziej jest tak samo
change is constant, unavoidable and a fact of life

the next day adv
następnego dnia nazajutrz

the night is young phraseologicalUnit
Jeszcze jest wcześnie (o porze dnia)
it's not very late

the one n
ten jedyny
particularly special or compatible person or thing

the other day adv
kilka dni temu niedawno ostatnio
lately

the other way around adv
na odwrót
same but with things reversed

the penny drops phraseologicalUnit
dotarło
understanding is reached, one comprehends

the pitcher goes so often to the well that it is broken at last proverb
póty dzban wodę nosi, póki się ucho nie urwie
When you use a thing too much, it ultimately breaks

the proof of the pudding is in the eating proverb
nie przekonasz się, dopóki nie spróbujesz
the only real test of something is as what it is intended to be used for

the quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog phraseologicalUnit
stróż pchnął kość w quiz gędźb vel fax myjń
pangram

the rest is history phraseologicalUnit
reszta jest historią
used to indicate that one does not need to continue a story

the road to hell is paved with good intentions proverb
dobrymi chęciami jest piekło wybrukowane
well-intended acts can lead to disasters

the shit n
zajebisty
something considered to be excellent

the shoe is on the other foot phraseologicalUnit
role się odwróciły
the roles have been reversed

the shoemaker's children go barefoot proverb
szewc bez butów chodzi
one often neglects those closest to oneself

the show must go on phraseologicalUnit
przedstawienie musi trwać
One must finish what one has started.

the spirit is willing but the flesh is weak proverb
dusza chętna, ale ciało słabe
achieving something is made impossible by frailty

the straw that broke the camel's back n
kropla, która przepełnia czarę
small additional burden which causes failure

the thing is phraseologicalUnit
chodzi o to, że... rzecz w tym, że... sęk w tym, że...
introduce main point

the toilet is clogged phraseologicalUnit
toaleta jest zatkana
the toilet is clogged

the way to a man's heart is through his stomach proverb
przez żołądek do serca
cooking food for a man is a good way to win his affections

the wolf may lose his teeth but never his nature proverb
natura ciągnie wilka do lasu
one cannot change one's own nature

the world is someone's oyster /ðə ˈwɜɹld‿ɪz ˌsʌmwʌnz ˈɔɪstəɹ/ /ðə ˈwɜːld‿ɪz ˌsʌmwʌnz ˈɔɪstə/ proverb
świat stoi przed kimś otworem
all opportunities are open to someone

theater /ˈθi(ə)tɚ/ /ˈθi.eɪ.tɚ/ /ˈθiətə/ /ˈθiː.ə.tə/ /ˈθɪə.tə/ /ˈθɪə.tɚ/ /θiˈeɪ.tə/ /θiˈɛt.ə/ [ˈθiə̯tɜ] [ˈθiə̯ɾɜ] n
teatr
place or building
drama or performance as a profession or artform

theatrical /θiˈæt.ɹɪ.kəl/ adj
teatralny
of or relating to the theatre
teatralny aktorski
fake and exaggerated

theatricality n
teatralnie
theatrical behavior

theatrically adv
aktorsko teatralnie
in a theatrical manner

thee /ðiː/ pronoun
cię
Objective case of 'thou'

theft /θɛft/ n
kradzież
act of stealing property

their /ðɚ/ /ðɛə(ɹ)/ /ðɛɚ/ /ðɛː(ɹ)/ determiner
ich
belonging to them (plural)

theirs /ðɛəz/ /ðɛɚz/ /ðɛɹz/ /ðɛːz/ pronoun
ich
that which belongs to them

theism /ˈθiː.ɪz.əm/ n
teizm
belief in existence of at least one deity
belief in the existence of a personal, present and active creator God

theist /ˈθiːɪst/ n
teista teistka
believer

them /ðəm/ /ðɛm/ /ðʌm/ [d̪ɛm] [d̪ʌm] pronoun
ich je
third personal plural pronoun used after a preposition or as the object of a verb

thematic /θɛˈmætɪk/ /θɪˈmætɪk/ adj
tematyczny
relating to, or having a theme or a topic
linguistics

thematic vowel n
samogłoska tematyczna

thematically adv
tematycznie
in a thematic manner

theme /θiːm/ n
kompozycja motyw
computing: collection of color schemes, sounds, artwork etc.
temat
subject of a talk or an artistic piece

theme park n
lunapark park rozrywki
amusement park that has one or more specific central themes

theme song n
motyw muzyczny
a song accompanying a program

themeless adj
beztematyczny

themselves /ðəmˈsɛlvz/ /ðɛmˈsɛlvz/ pronoun
same sami
emphatic: they

then /ðen/ /ðɛn/ adj
bieżący
being so at that time

then /ðen/ /ðɛn/ adv
następnie potem
next in order
potem następnie
soon afterward
również także
at the same time; on the other hand
wtedy wówczas
at that time
wówczas to
in that case

thence /ðɛns/ adv
stamtąd
from there

thenceforth /ˌðɛnsˈfɔːɹθ/ /ˌðɛnsˈfɔːθ/ adv
od tego czasu
from that time on

theo- prefix
teo-
relating to god

theocentric /θiːəʊˈsɛntɹɪk/ adj
teocentryczny
having God as main focus

theocracy /θiːˈɒkɹəsi/ n
teokracja
government under the control of a Church

theocratic adj
teokratyczny
pertaining to theocracy

theodicy /θiˈɑd.ɪ.si/ /θiːˈɒd.ɪ.si/ n
teodycea
justification of a deity

theodolite /θiːˈɒdəlaɪt/ n
teodolit
instrument

theogony /θɪˈɑːɡənɪ/ /θɪˈɒɡənɪ/ n
teogonia
origination of gods or a narrative describing the origin of gods

theologian /θi.əˈloʊd͡ʒən/ n
teolog teolożka
one who studies theology

theological /θi.əˈlɑd͡ʒɪkl/ /θɪəˈlɒd͡ʒɪkl/ adj
teologiczny
of or relating to theology

theology /θi.ˈɒ.lə.d͡ʒi/ n
teologia
study of God, or a god, or gods

theopanism n
teopanizm
belief that the universe emanates from, or is a projection of, God

theophany /θiːˈɒfəni/ n
teofania
a visible manifestation of a deity

theophoric adj
teoforyczny
Containing the name of a deity.

theophylline /θi.əˈfɪl.iːn/ /θi.əˈfɪl.ɪn/ /θiˈɑf.əl.ɪn/ n
teofilina
chemical substance

theorbo /θi.ˈɔɹ.boʊ/ /θi.ˈɔː.bəʊ/ n
teorba
theorbo

theorem /ˈθiː.ə.ɹəm/ /ˈθɪəɹ.əm/ n
twierdzenie
proved mathematical statement
mathematical statement that is expected to be true

theoretic /ˌθiːəˈɹɛtɪk/ /ˌθɪə̯ˈɹɛtɪk/ adj
teoretyczny
existing only in theory

theoretical /ˌθi.əˈɹɛtɪkəl/ /ˌθɪə̯ˈɹɛtɪkəl/ adj
teoretyczny
of or relating to theory

theoretically adv
teoretycznie
in theory

theorist /ˈθiːəɹəst/ /ˈθɪəɹəst/ /ˈθɪəɹɪst/ /ˈθɪɹəst/ n
teoretyk teoretyczka
someone who constructs theories

theory /ˈθi.ə.ɹi/ /ˈθiː.ə.ɹi/ /ˈθɪə.ɹi/ /ˈθɪɚ.i/ /ˈθɪɹ.i/ n
teoria
a coherent set of statements attempting to explain observed phenomena
a field of study in mathematics
an unproven conjecture
in logic: a set of axioms and all statements derivable from them

theory of relativity n
teoria względności
special and general relativity

theosophy [θi.ˈɑs.ə.fi] [θɪˈɒsəfɪ] n
teozofia
doctrine of religious philosophy and mysticism

therapeutic /θɛɹəˈpjuːtɪk/ adj
terapeutyczny
of, or relating to therapy

therapist /ˈθɛɹəpɪst/ n
terapeuta terapeutka
one who provides therapy

therapize /ˈθɛɹəpaɪz/ v
terapeutyzować
subject to therapy

therapy /ˈθɛɹ.ə.pi/ n
terapia leczenie
treatment of disease

there /ðeː(ɹ)/ /ðə(ɹ)/ /ðɚ/ /ðɛə(ɹ)/ /ðɛɚ/ /ðɛɹ/ /ðɛː(ɹ)/ adv
tam
in or at that place

there and back phraseologicalUnit
tam i z powrotem
on or for a round trip journey (literal)

there are phraseologicalUnit
są
third-person plural present indicative of there be

there are plenty of fish in the sea proverb
tego kwiatu jest pół światu
there are more opportunities available

there be v
być
to exist

there is v
jest nie ma są
third-person singular simple present indicative form of there be

there is nothing new under the sun proverb
nic nowego pod słońcem
there is nothing new

there you go phraseologicalUnit
dobrze robisz
you have done it, or are doing it, correctly

there you have it phraseologicalUnit
taka jest sprawa
that is it, that is the situation or state of things

there's a grain of truth in every joke phraseologicalUnit
w każdym żarcie jest ziarno prawdy
people convey truth in jokes

there's been an accident phraseologicalUnit
był wypadek
there's been an accident

there's many a good tune played on an old fiddle proverb
nawet w starości ludzie potrafią wiele
just because something or someone is old does not mean that it or they are no longer useful or worthwhile

there's more than one way to skin a cat proverb
wszystkie drogi prowadzą do Rzymu
a problem generally has more than one solution; there is more than one way to achieve a goal

there's more where that came from phraseologicalUnit
jest tego więcej
a greater number of similar things can be provided in the future

there's no accounting for taste proverb
o gustach się nie dyskutuje
people's tastes differ

there's no fool like an old fool proverb
stary, a głupi
if a person does not develop wisdom with age, then their foolishness is all the more obvious and shameful

there's no place like home proverb
wszędzie dobrze, ale w domu najlepiej
one feels most comfortable at home

there's no such thing as a free lunch phraseologicalUnit
nie ma darmowych obiadów
nothing is free; everything has a price

thereby /ðɛəˈbaɪ/ /ðɛɹˈbaɪ/ adv
tym samym
by that

therefore /ˈðɛəfɔː/ /ˈðɛɚ.fɔɹ/ /ˈðɜːɹˌfɔːɹ/ adv
dlatego więc zatem przeto tak że toteż
for that or this reason
więc
consequently; by consequence

therein lies the rub phraseologicalUnit
tu jest pies pogrzebany tu leży pies pogrzebany

theremin /ˈθɛ.ɹɪ.mɪn/ /ˈθɛə.ɹəˌmɪn/ n
theremin
electronic musical instrument

thereminist n
thereminista thereministka
theremin player

thermal camera n
termowizor
type of camera

thermic /ˈθɜː(ɹ)mɪk/ adj
termiczny cieplny
related to heat

thermistor n
termistor
resistor

thermite /ˈθɜː(ɹ).maɪt/ n
termit
mixture of aluminum and ferric oxide

thermochromic adj
termochromowy

thermoconvection n
konwekcja ciepła

thermodynamic /ˌθɝmoʊdaɪˈnæmɪk/ adj
termodynamiczny
relating to the conversion of heat
relating to thermodynamics

thermodynamic equilibrium n
równowaga termodynamiczna
state of equal temperature

thermodynamics /-dɪ-/ /-mə-/ /-məʊ-/ /ˌθɜː(ɹ)moʊdaɪˈnæmɪks/ n
termodynamika
science of heat-energy conversion

thermogenesis n
termogeneza

thermoinducibility n
zdolność do indukcji ciepła

thermoinducible adj
zdolny do indukcji ciepła

thermometer /θəˈmɒmɪtə/ /θɚˈmɑmɪtɚ/ n
termometr
apparatus used to measure temperature

thermometric adj
termometryczny
of or pertaining to the measurement of temperature

thermometry n
termometria

thermonuclear adj
termojądrowy termonuklearny
of, or relating to the fusion of atomic nuclei at high temperatures

thermophilic adj
ciepłolubny
living at high temperatures

thermoregulation n
termoregulacja
the maintenance of a constant internal temperature of an organism

thermos /ˈθɜː.mɒs/ /ˈθɝ.məs/ n
termos
vacuum flask

thermosphere n
termosfera
layer of the Earth's atmosphere

thermostat /ˈθɝmoʊstæt/ /ˈθɝməstæt/ n
termostat
device which maintains the desired temperature

therophyte /ˈthɪəɹəʊfaɪt/ n
terofit
annual plant

thesaurus /θɪˈsɔːɹəs/ n
tezaurus słownik synonimów słownik wyrazów bliskoznacznych
book of synonyms

these /ðiz/ /ðiːz/ determiner
ci te
plural of this

thesis /ˈθisiz/ /ˈθisɪs/ /ˈθiːsiːz/ /ˈθiːsɪs/ /ˈθɛsɪs/ n
dysertacja praca dyplomowa
lengthy essay written to establish the validity of a thesis, especially one submitted as a requirement for a university degree
teza
proposition or statement supported by arguments

thespian /ˈθɛspi.ən/ adj
aktorski
of, or relating to drama and acting

theta /ˈθeɪ.ta/ /ˈθeɪtə/ /ˈθiːtə/ [fei̯˥ tʰaː˩] n
theta
Greek letter

theurgy /ˈθiːˌɜː.d͡ʒi/ /ˈθiːˌɝ.d͡ʒi/ n
teurgia
A form of magic

they /ðeɪ/ pronoun
oni one
third-person plural pronoun

thiamine n
aneuryna tiamina
vitamin B₁

thick /θɘk/ /θɪk/ adj
gruby gęsty
relatively great in extent from one surface to another
heavy in build
gęsty gruby
having a viscous consistency

thick and thin n
na dobre i na złe
both good and bad times

thick as a brick adj
głupi jak but

thick as thieves adj
znać się jak łyse konie
intimate, close-knit

thick skin /θɪk ˈskɪn/ n
gruba skóra
the ability to take criticism

thick-billed murre n
nurzyk polarny
Uria lomvia

thick-skinned adj
gruboskórny
insensitive
not easily offended

thicken /ˈθɪkən/ v
grubieć zgrubieć
(intransitive) to become wider
gęstnieć zgęstnieć
(intransitive) to become more viscous
pogrubiać pogrubić
(transitive) to make wider
zagęszczać zagęścić
(transitive) to make more viscous

thickener n
zagęstnik zagęszczacz
thickening agent

thickening agent n
zagęstnik zagęszczacz
any substance used to increase viscosity

thicket /ˈθɪkɪt/ n
chaszcze zarośla gęstwina
copse

thickness /ˈθɪknəs/ n
grubość
property of being thick in dimension

thief /θif/ /θiːf/ n
złodziej złodziejka amator cudzej własności kradziej
one who carries out theft

thievish adj
złodziejski
Having a tendency to steal.

thigh /θaɪ/ n
udo
upper leg

thighbone n
kość udowa
femur

thimble /ˈθɪmb(ə)l/ n
chomątko kausza sercówka
metal ring which a cable or rope intended for attaching to other things is looped around as a protection against chafing
naparstek
cup-shaped cap worn on the tip of a finger, used in sewing to push the needle through material
as much as fills a thimble

thin /ˈθɪn/ adj
chudy cienki
having little body fat or flesh; slim; slender; lean; gaunt
cienki
having little thickness or extent from one surface to its opposite
cienki wąski
very narrow in all diameters; having a cross section that is small in all directions
rzadki
of low viscosity or low specific gravity
scarce

thin /ˈθɪn/ v
przerzedzić
to remove plants
rozcieńczyć rozrzedzić
to dilute

thin client n
cienki klient
a minimal client that relies on the server to do most of its processing

thin out v
przerzedzać przerzedzić
to become sparse
to make sparse

thin-skinned adj
wrażliwy
overly sensitive to criticism

thine /ðaɪn/ determiner
twój
possessive determiner

thine /ðaɪn/ pronoun
twój
possessive pronoun

thing /θɪŋ/ n
bajka
situation surrounding a noun's referent
coś
word, symbol, sign, or other referent that can be used to refer to any entity
rzecz coś
that which is considered to exist as a separate entity, object, quality or concept

thing of the past n
przeszłość
something that has gone extinct or become obsolete, or the action of becoming obsolete

thing-in-itself n
noumen noumenon rzecz sama w sobie
thing as it is independent of any conceptualization

thingamajig /ˈθɪŋəməˌd͡ʒɪɡ/ n
wihajster
something that one does not know the name of

thingy /ˈθɪŋi/ /ˈθɪŋiː/ n
wihajster
a thing

think /θɪŋk/ [θæŋk] v
myśleć pomyśleć
communicate to oneself in one’s mind
myśleć sądzić
be of the opinion that
guess, reckon
uważać myśleć
consider, judge, regard something as
zastanawiać się myśleć
to ponder, to go over in one's head

think big v
mierzyć wysoko

think one's shit doesn't stink v
być aroganckim
to be arrogant or overconfident

think tank n
think tank
group producing research and recommendations

think the world revolves around one v
uważać się za pępek świata

think through v
przemyśleć przemyśliwać
to fully consider

think up v
wymyślać wymyślić
create in one's mind; invent

think with one's little head v
pozamieniać się z chujem na łby

thinker /ˈθɪŋ.kə(ɹ)/ /ˈθɪŋ.kɚ/ n
myśliciel myślicielka
one who spends time thinking
myśliciel myślicielka intelektualista intelektualistka
intellectual

thioether n
tioeter
analogue of an ether in which the oxygen has been replaced by sulfur

thiosulfate n
tiosiarczan
salt or ester of thiosulfuric acid

thiosulfuric acid n
kwas tiosiarkowy
acid H₂S₂O₃

third /tʰʊːɹd/ /t̪ɔɪd/ /θɜːd/ /θɝd/ adj
trzeci
the ordinal form of the cardinal number three

third /tʰʊːɹd/ /t̪ɔɪd/ /θɜːd/ /θɝd/ n
tercja
interval
trzeci
one of three equal parts of a whole
trzeci trzecia
person or thing in the third position

third /tʰʊːɹd/ /t̪ɔɪd/ /θɜːd/ /θɝd/ v
popierać coś jako trzecia osoba poprzeć coś jako trzecia osoba
agree with a proposition
roztroić
divide into three parts

third party n
osoba trzecia
someone not directly involved in a transaction.

third person n
trzecia osoba
the form of a verb used when the subject of a sentence is not the audience or the one making the statement

third time's a charm proverb
do trzech razy sztuka

third way n
trzecia droga
approach or solution which strives for an alternative to or middle ground between two opposing viewpoints

third wheel n
piąte koło u wozu
person or thing that serves no useful purpose
piąte koło u wozu przyzwoitka
unwanted third party accompanying two people on a date

thirdly /ˈθɚdli/ /ˈθɜːdli/ /ˈθɜːdlɪ/ adv
po trzecie
in the third place; third in a row

thirst /θɜːst/ /θɝst/ n
pragnienie
dryness
figuratively

thirst /θɜːst/ /θɝst/ v
pragnąć spragnionym
to desire
spragniony
to be thirsty

thirsty /ˈθɜːs.ti/ /ˈθɝs.ti/ adj
spragniony
needing to drink

thirteen /ˈθɜː.tiːn/ /ˈθɝ.tin/ /ˈθɝt.tin/ /ˌθɜːˈtiːn/ /ˌθɝtin/ /ˌθɝtˈtin/ numeral
trzynaście trzynaścioro
the cardinal number occurring after twelve and before fourteen

thirteenth /ˌθɜːˈtiːnθ/ /ˌθɝˈtiːnθ/ adj
trzynasty
ordinal form of thirteen

thirteenth /ˌθɜːˈtiːnθ/ /ˌθɝˈtiːnθ/ n
trzynasty trzynasta trzynaste
something in the thirteenth position

thirties n
lata 30. lata trzydzieste
1930s

thirtieth /ˈθɜːti.əθ/ /ˈθɝti.əθ/ adj
trzydziesty trzydziesta
the ordinal form of the number thirty

thirty /ˈθɜːti/ /ˈθɝti/ [ˈθɝɾi] numeral
trzydzieści
cardinal number

thirty-eight numeral
trzydzieści osiem
38

thirty-five numeral
trzydzieści pięć
35

thirty-four numeral
trzydzieści cztery
34

thirty-nine numeral
trzydzieści dziewięć
39

thirty-one numeral
trzydzieści jeden
31

thirty-seven numeral
trzydzieści siedem
37

thirty-six /ˌθɜːtiˈsɪks/ /ˌθɝtiˈsɪks/ numeral
trzydzieści sześć
36

thirty-three numeral
trzydzieści trzy
33

thirty-two /ˌθɜːtiˈtuː/ /ˌθɝtiˈtu/ numeral
trzydzieści dwa
32

this /ðəs/ /ðɪs/ determiner
taki ten
known (thing) about to be mentioned
ten
the (thing) here
known (thing) just mentioned
known (thing) that the speaker does not think is known to the audience

this /ðəs/ /ðɪs/ pronoun
ten to ta
the thing, item, etc. being indicated

this afternoon adv
dziś po południu tego popołudnia
during the afternoon of today

this and that pronoun
to i owo
things

this evening adv
wieczorem
during the evening of today

this is the life phraseologicalUnit
to jest dopiero życie to jest życie
an expression of bliss

this one pronoun
ten ów
a specified object

this time n
tym razem
now, today, on this occasion

this way n
tędy
to indicate direction

this year adv
w tym roku latoś tego roku
during the current year

thistle /θɪsl̩/ n
oset bodiak
plant

thither /ˈðɪðə/ /ˈðɪðɚ/ /ˈθɪðə/ /ˈθɪðɚ/ adv
dotamtąd tam
to that place

tholobate n
bęben tambur

thong /θɑŋ/ /θɒŋ/ /θɔŋ/ n
japonka klapek
footwear
rzemień
leather strip
stringi
undergarment

thoracic /θəˈɹæsɪk/ adj
piersiowy
of the thorax

thorax /ˈθɔɹæks/ n
klatka piersiowa
region of the mammalian body
tułów
middle of three distinct divisions in an insect, crustacean or arachnid body

thorium /ˈθɔːɹiəm/ n
tor
chemical element

thorn /θoɹn/ /θɔːn/ /θɔːɹn/ [θo̞ɹn] n
cierń kolec
sharp protective spine of a plant

thorn apple n
bieluń
any of several species of plants belonging to the genus Datura

thorn in someone's side n
być solą w oku
thorn in someone's side

thorny /ˈθɔɹni/ /ˈθɔːni/ adj
ciernisty kolczasty
having thorns
najeżony
troublesome

thorough /ˈθɜɹoʊ/ /ˈθʌɹoʊ/ /ˈθʌɹə/ adj
gruntowny
detailed

thoroughbred adj
czystej krwi pełnokrwisty rasowy
bred from pure stock

thoroughfare /ˈθʌɹəfɛː/ n
droga przelotowa
road open at both ends
droga wodna
waterway
przejście
way through

thoroughly /ˈθɜɹ.ə.li/ /ˈθʌɹ.ə.li/ adv
doszczętnie gruntownie
in a thorough or complete manner

those were the days phraseologicalUnit
to były czasy

thou /ðaʊ/ /ðuː/ pronoun
ty
singular nominative form of you

thou /ðaʊ/ v
tykać mówić na ty
to address (a person) using the familiar second-person pronoun

though /ðoʊ/ /ðəʊ/ adv
mimo to bez względu na to jednak
however

though /ðoʊ/ /ðəʊ/ conjunction
chociaż choć aczkolwiek
although

thought /θoːt/ /θɑt/ /θɒt/ /θɔt/ /θɔːt/ n
myśl
representation created in the mind
myśl pomysł
process

thought blocking /θɔːt ˈblɑkɪŋ/ /θɔːt ˈblɒkɪŋ/ n
otamowanie
stopping of a line of thought

thought experiment n
eksperyment myślowy
attempt to solve a problem using human imagination

thought police n
policja myśli
a group that aims to control what other people think

thoughtcrime /ˈθɔːtˌkɹaɪm/ n
myślozbrodnia
a crime

thoughtful /ˈθɑtfəl/ /ˈθɔtfəl/ /ˈθɔːtfəl/ /ˈθɔːtfʊl/ adj
rozważny
demonstrating thought or careful consideration
troskliwy
demonstrating kindness or consideration

thoughtfulness /-fʊl-/ /ˈθɑt-/ /ˈθɔtf(ə)lnəs/ /ˈθɔːtf(ə)lnəs/ n
troska troskliwość
thoughtful and considerate attention

thoughtless /ˈθɑtləs/ /ˈθɑtlɪs/ /ˈθɔtləs/ /ˈθɔtlɪs/ /ˈθɔːtləs/ /ˈθɔːtlɪs/ adj
bezmyślny
inconsiderate
lekkomyślny
careless

thoughtlessly /ˈθɔt.lɪs.li/ adv
bezmyślnie
done without thinking

thoughtlessness /ˈθɑtləsnəs/ /ˈθɑtləsnɪs/ /ˈθɑtlɪsnɪs/ /ˈθɔtləsnəs/ /ˈθɔtləsnɪs/ /ˈθɔtlɪsnɪs/ /ˈθɔːtləsnəs/ /ˈθɔːtləsnɪs/ /ˈθɔːtlɪsnɪs/ n
bezmyślność
heedless disregard for the consequences of one's actions

thousand /ˈθaʊz(ə)n(d)/ /ˈθaʊz(ə)nd/ [ˈθaʊ̯zn̩d] numeral
tysiąc
cardinal number 1000

thousandth /ˈθaʊzəndtθ/ /ˈθaʊzəndð/ /ˈθaʊzəntθ/ /ˈθaʊzənð/ /ˈθaʊzənθ/ adj
tysięczny
ordinal form of 1000

thrashing /ˈθɹæʃɪŋ/ n
baty bicie cięgi
a beating, especially a severe one

thread /θɹɛd/ [θɾ̪̊ɛd] n
nić nitka
long, thin and flexible form of material
temat wątek
(Internet) a series of messages
wątek
(computing) a unit of execution

threat /ˈtɹɛt/ /ˈθɹet/ /θɹɛt/ n
groźba pogróżka
expression of intent to injure or punish another
zagrożenie groźba
indication of imminent danger
person regarded as a danger

threaten /ˈθɹɛt.n̩/ v
grozić pogrozić
to make a threat against someone; to use threats
to portend, or give a warning of
grozić zagrozić zagrażać
to menace, or be dangerous

threatening /ˈθɹɛt.n̩.ɪŋ/ adj
arcygroźny
presenting a threat

threateningly adv
arcygroźnie
In a threatening manner

three /fɹiː/ /θɹiː/ [t̪ɾ̪̊iː] [θɹi] [θɹ̥i] [θɹ̥ɪi] [θɾ̪̊i] [θɾ̪̊iː] [θɾ̪̊ɪi] n
trzylatek trzylatka
person who is three years old
trójka
playing card
anything measuring three units
trójka trzy
digit/figure 3

three /fɹiː/ /θɹiː/ [t̪ɾ̪̊iː] [θɹi] [θɹ̥i] [θɹ̥ɪi] [θɾ̪̊i] [θɾ̪̊iː] [θɾ̪̊ɪi] numeral
trzy trójka troje
cardinal number 3
trójka
describing set or group with three components

three days ago adv
przedprzedwczoraj
three days ago - translation entry

three hundred /ˈθɹiː ˈhʌn.dɹəd/ /ˈθɹiː ˈhʌn.dɹɪd/ numeral
trzysta
cardinal number 300

three o'clock n
trzecia
the start of the fourth hour

three poisons pn
trzy trucizny
three root kleshas in Buddhism

three thousand numeral
trzy tysiące
3,000

three-cornered adj
trójrożny

three-dimensional adj
trójwymiarowy
existing in three dimensions
having depth (or the illusion of depth) as well as height and width

three-fourths n
trzy czwarte
3/4

three-headed /ˈθɹiːˌhɛdəd/ adj
trzygłowy trójgłowy
having three heads

three-legged /ˈθɹiːlɛɡd/ /θɹiːˈlɛɡɪd/ adj
trójnogi
having three legs

three-ply adj
trzywarstwowy trójwarstwowy
having three strands or layers

three-quarters /θɹiˈk(w)ɔɹtɚz/ /θɹiːˈkwɔːtəz/ n
trzy czwarte
3/4

three-tiered adj
trzypoziomowy
having three tiers

threefold adj
potrójny troisty trojaki
trzykrotny
three times as great

threefold adv
trzykrotnie
by a factor of three

threesome /ˈθɹiːsəm/ n
trio troje trójka
a group of three people
trójkąt
a sexual activity involving three people

threnody /ˈθɹɛn.ə.di/ n
tren
a song or poem of lamentation

threonine n
treonina
an essential amino acid

thresh /θɹɛʃ/ v
młócić
to separate the grain from the straw or husks

thresher /ˈθɹɛʃə(ɹ)/ n
młocarnia młockarnia
farm machine

thresher shark n
kosogon
any of three species of sharks

threshing floor n
gumno klepisko
floor of a threshing house

threshing sledge n
młockarnia
rectangular table of wood used to separate grain from straw

threshold /ˈθɹɛʃ(h)oʊld/ /ˈθɹɛʃ(h)əʊld/ [ˈθɹɛʃ(h)ɒʊɫd] n
próg
bottom-most part of a doorway
point at which an action is triggered
income at which income tax becomes due
próg przedsionek
entrance

thrice /θɹaɪs/ [θɾ̪̊äɪs] [θɾ̪̊ɑɪs] adv
trzykrotnie trzy razy trzykroć
three times

thrift /θɹɪft/ n
oszczędność
characteristic of using a minimum of something
zawciąg
various plants of the genus Armeria

thrift shop n
lumpeks
shop which sells used goods

thrifty /ˈθɹɪfti/ adj
oszczędny
given to, or evincing, thrift

thrill /θɹɪl/ [t̪ɾ̪̊ɪl] [θɹ̥ɪɫ] [θɾ̪̊ɪl] [θɾ̪̊ɪɫ] n
dreszcz dreszczyk
trembling or quivering, especially one caused by emotion

thrill /θɹɪl/ [t̪ɾ̪̊ɪl] [θɹ̥ɪɫ] [θɾ̪̊ɪl] [θɾ̪̊ɪɫ] v
poruszać wzruszać zachwycać
suddenly excite someone, or to give someone great pleasure; to electrify

thriller /ˈθɹɪlə/ /ˈθɹɪlɚ/ n
dreszczowiec thriller film sensacyjny
a suspenseful, sensational genre of fiction

thrips n
przylżeniec wciornastek
insect of the order Thysanoptera

throat /ˈθɹoʊt/ /ˈθɹəʊt/ n
gardło
front part of the neck
gullet or windpipe

throatless shear n
gilotyna ręczna gilotyna ręczna do blachy ręczna gilotyna do cięcia blachy

throb /θɹɒb/ v
tętnić
to pound or beat rapidly or violently

thrombectomy n
trombektomia
Removal of a blood clot

thrombocytopenia n
małopłytkowość
abnormally low platelet count

thrombosis /θɹɑmˈboʊsɪs/ /θɹɒmˈbəʊsɪs/ n
zakrzepica
formation of thrombi in the blood vessels, causing obstruction of the circulation

thrombus n
zakrzep
blood clot formed in blood vessels that leads to thrombosis

throne [tɹoʊn] [θɹoʊn] [θɹəʊn] n
tron
ornate seat
third highest order of angel
position
tron sedes
lavatory or toilet

throng /θɹɑŋ/ /θɹɒŋ/ /θɹɔŋ/ n
tłok tłum ciżba
group of people

throttle /ˈθɹɑ.tl̩/ /ˈθɹɑ.təl/ /ˈθɹɒt.l̩/ /ˈθɹɔ.təl/ v
dusić
to strangle someone

through /θɹu/ /θɹuː/ [θɾ̪̊ɵʉ] [θɾ̪̊ʊu] preposition
przez
entering, then later exiting
from one side of an opening to the other
surrounded by (while moving)
przez poprzez
by means of

through and through adv
na wskroś na wylot
entirely

through-draught n
przewiew

throughput /ˈθɹu.pʊt/ /ˈθɹuː.pʊt/ n
przepustowość
rate of data transmission

throuple /ˈθɹʌpl̩/ n
tryplet trójkąt
three partners

throw /θɹoʊ/ /θɹəʊ/ [θɾ̪̊oʊ] [θɾ̪̊əʊ] n
narzuta
piece of fabric used to cover a bed, sofa or other soft furnishing

throw /θɹoʊ/ /θɹəʊ/ [θɾ̪̊oʊ] [θɾ̪̊əʊ] v
rzucić rzucać
to cause an object to move rapidly through the air

throw away v
wyrzucać wyrzucić
discard or dispose of

throw down the gauntlet v
rzucać rękawicę rzucić rękawicę
issue a challenge

throw good money after bad v
wyrzucać pieniądze w błoto wyrzucić pieniądze w błoto
To waste money

throw in the towel v
rozkładać ręce rozłożyć ręce
(idiomatic) to quit; to give up

throw money away v
wyrzucać pieniądze w błoto wyrzucić pieniądze w błoto

throw the baby out with the bathwater /θɹoʊ ðə ˈbeɪbi aʊt wɪθ ðə ˈbæθwɔtɚ/ /θɹəʊ ðə ˈbeɪbi aʊt wɪð ðə ˈbɑːθwɔːtə(ɹ)/ v
wylewać dziecko z kąpielą wylać dziecko z kąpielą
(idiomatic) to discard something valuable

throw to the lions v
rzucić lwom na pożarcie

throwing knife n
nóż do rzucania

thrush /θɹʌʃ/ n
drozd
one of several species of songbirds of the family Turdidae
pleśniawka drożdżyca

thrush nightingale n
słowik szary bekwarek
Luscinia luscinia

thrust /θɹʌst/ v
forsować sforsować
make an advance with force

thud /ˈθʌd/ n
tąpnięcie łomot łubudu łup
the sound of a dull impact

thud /ˈθʌd/ v
stąpać walić łomotać
to make the sound of a dull impact

thug /ʈʰəɡ/ /θʌɡ/ n
bandyta bandytka rzezimieszek zbir zbój
someone who treats others violently or roughly

thuggery n
bandyctwo bandytyzm

thuggish /ˈθʌɡɪʃ/ adj
bandycki chuligański

thuja /ˈθu.d͡ʒə/ n
tuja żywotnik
a tree of the genus Thuja

thulite n
thulit
mineral

thulium /ˈθjuːliəm/ /ˈθuːliəm/ n
tul
chemical element

thumb /θʌm/ n
kciuk
digit

thumb one's nose v
zagrać na nosie
to place a thumb upon the tip of the nose in a gesture of disrespect

thumbnail /ˈθʌm.neɪl/ n
miniatura
chiefly computing: small picture
paznokieć kciuka
fingernail on the thumb

thumbtack /ˈθʌm.tæk/ n
pinezka
nail-like tack

thump /θʌmp/ v
bachnąć
to hit someone or something so as to make a thump
dudnić tętnić
to throb with a muffled rhythmic sound

thunder /ˈθʌndə/ /ˈθʌndɚ/ n
grzmot
sound resembling thunder
deep, rumbling noise
grzmot grom
sound caused by lightning

thunder /ˈθʌndə/ /ˈθʌndɚ/ v
gromić
to talk with a loud, threatening voice
grzmieć zagrzmieć
to make a noise like thunder

thunderbolt /ˈθʌndə(ɹ)ˌboʊlt/ n
grom z jasnego nieba
an event that is terrible, horrific or unexpected
piorun
flash of lightning accompanied by thunder

thunderstorm /ˈθʌn.dəˌstɔːm/ /ˈθʌn.dɚˌstɔɹm/ n
burza
storm with thunder and lightning

thus /ˈðʌs/ adv
dlatego tak
as a result
tak w ten sposób
in this way or manner

thwack /θwæk/ v
praskać prasknąć prasnąć
to hit (someone or something) hard, especially with a flat implement or a stick

thwart /θwɔɹt/ /θwɔːt/ n
ławka
seat across a boat

thwart /θwɔɹt/ /θwɔːt/ v
przecinać
to move across
udaremniać pokrzyżować
to prevent; to halt; to cause failure

thy /ðaɪ/ determiner
twój
possessive determiner

thylacine /ˈθailəsiːn/ n
wilk workowaty
extinct carnivorous marsupial

thylakoid n
tylakoid
membrane within plant chloroplasts

thyme /taɪm/ n
tymianek macierzanka
plant of the genus Thymus

thymine /ˈθaɪmɪn/ n
tymina
organic chemistry, genetics: heterocyclic base, 5-methylpyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione

thymol /ˈθaɪmɒl/ n
tymol
a monoterpene phenol

thymoma n
grasiczak

thymus /ˈθaɪməs/ n
grasica
ductless gland located behind the breastbone

thyroid gland n
tarczyca
large butterfly-shaped endocrine gland

thyroidectomy n
tyreoidektomia tyroidektomia
surgical removal of the thyroid gland

thyroiditis n
zapalenie tarczycy
inflammation of the thyroid gland

thyrsus /ˈθɚsəs/ /ˈθɜːsəs/ n
tyrs
staff

thysanuran n
szczeciogonka
species of order Thysanura

tiara /tiˈæɹə/ /tiˈɑɹə/ /tiˈɑːɹə/ n
tiara
papal crown

tic /tɪk/ n
tik
local and habitual convulsive motion

tic-tac-toe n
kółko i krzyżyk
game

tick /tɪk/ n
kleszcz
arachnid
fajka haczyk ptaszek
checkmark

tick /tɪk/ v
tykać
make a clicking noise

tick all the boxes /ˈtɪk ɔːl ðə ˈbɒksɪz/ v
spełniać wszystkie warunki

tick off v
odhaczać odhaczyć
to sign with a tick

tick-tock interjection
tik-tak tik-tok
sound of a ticking clock

ticket /ˈtɪkət/ /ˈtɪkɪt/ n
bilet
pass for transportation
admission to entertainment
licencja
permit to operate machine
lista wyborcza punkt programu wyborczego
informal: list of candidates
mandat
traffic citation

ticket /ˈtɪkət/ /ˈtɪkɪt/ v
biletować zabiletować
to mark with a ticket

ticket inspector n
kanar konduktor kontroler
person who checks passengers have a valid ticket

ticket machine n
automat biletowy bileciarka biletomat
ticket vending machine

ticket office n
kasa biletowa
an office where tickets may be purchased

ticket stamping machine n
kasownik
ticket validating machine

ticketless adj
bezbiletowy
that does not use tickets
who does not have a ticket

tickle /ˈtɪkl̩/ n
gilanie
act of tickling

tickle /ˈtɪkl̩/ v
łaskotać gilgać łechtać smyrać
to touch in a manner that causes tingling sensation

ticklish /ˈtɪk(ə)lɪʃ/ adj
łaskotliwy
sensitive or susceptible to tickling

tidal range n
zakres pływów

tiddlywinks /ˈtɪdliˌwɪŋks/ /ˈtɪdlɪ-/ /ˈtɪdəlɪwɪŋks/ n
pchełki
competitive game in which the objective is to flick as many small discs as possible into a container

tide /taɪd/ [tʰaːd] [tʰɑe̯d] n
odpływ przypływ pływ
periodic change of sea level

tiding /ˈtaɪdɪŋ/ n
wieści
news, new information

tidy /ˈtaɪdi/ adj
schludny
arranged neatly

tidy /ˈtaɪdi/ v
sprzątać
to make tidy

tie /taɪ/ n
remis
sports: tie score
więź
strong connection between people
łuk
curved line connecting two notes of the same pitch, combining their lengths

tie /taɪ/ v
wiązać
to attach or fasten with string

tie the knot v
stanąć na ślubnym kobiercu stawać na ślubnym kobiercu
to get married

tie up v
związać przywiązać przywiązywać zawiązywać związywać
to secure with rope, etc.

tier /ˈtɪə/ /ˈtɪɚ/ n
kondygnacja poziom warstwa
layer or rank

tiercel /ˈtɜː(ɹ)səl/ n
maisz maiz maiż
male hawk or falcon, used in falconry

tiger /ˈtaɪɡə/ /ˈtaɪɡɚ/ [ˈtʌɪɡɚ] n
tygrys
The mammal Panthera tigris

tiger cub n
tygrysiątko
young tiger

tiger shark n
żarłacz tygrysi
Galeocerdo cuvier

tiger's eye n
tygrysie oko
chatoyant gemstone

tigerish adj
tygrysi tygrysowy
having the characteristics of a tiger

tight /taɪt/ adj
ciasny
pushed/pulled together
firmly held together

tight ship n
żelazna ręka
highly disciplined organization

tight spot n
w trudnej sytuacji
a difficult position

tight-fitting adj
ciasnawy obcisły
snug, skintight

tighten /ˈtaɪ.tən/ [ˈtʰaɪ̯tn̩] [ˈtʰaɪ̯ʔn̩] v
zacieśniać
to make tighter
zacieśniać się
to become tighter

tighten one's belt v
zacisnąć pasa zaciskać pasa
be more frugal

tightly /ˈtaɪtli/ adv
ciasno
in a tight manner

tightrope walker n
linoskoczek
acrobat who practices tightrope walking

tightrope walking n
spacer po linie
acrobatic feat of walking on a tightrope

tights /taɪts/ n
rajstopy
women's garment

tigress /ˈtaɪ.ɡɹəs/ /ˈtaɪ.ɡɹɪs/ n
tygrysica tygrzyca
female tiger

tiki-taka n
tiki-taka
style of play

tilak /ˈtɪlək/ n
tilaka
symbol worn on the forehead

tilapia /təˈlɑːpiə/ /tɪˈlæpiə/ /tɪˈlɑːpiə/ n
tilapia
any fish of the genus Tilapia

tilde /ˈtɪldi/ /ˈtɪldə/ n
tylda
character
diacritical mark

tile /taɪl/ /ˈtaɪ.əl/ n
kafel fliza kafelek płytka
sheet of ceramic or fired clay to cover surfaces

tile /taɪl/ /ˈtaɪ.əl/ v
kafelkować kłaść plytki
to cover with tiles

tiler n
glazurnik kafelkarz płytkarz terakociarz
a person who sets tiles

till /tɪl/ conjunction
aż dopóki nie
until

till /tɪl/ preposition
do
until

till /tɪl/ v
uprawiać
to work or cultivate

till death do us part adv
dopóki śmierć nas nie rozłączy póki śmierć nas nie rozłączy
phrase said as part of wedding vows indicating commitment

tiller /ˈtɪlə/ n
rumpel
part of the rudder

tilt at windmills v
walczyć z wiatrakami
attack imaginary enemies

timber /ˈtɪmbə/ /ˈtɪmbɚ/ [ˈtɪˑmˌbəː] [ˈtɪˑmˌbɚː] n
drewno
wood that has been cut ready for construction
drzewo
trees considered as a source of wood

timber camp n
obóz drwali

timber rafting n
flis flisactwo
log transportation method

timbre /tɛ̃bɹ(ə)/ /ˈtæm.bə/ /ˈtæm.bɚ/ /ˈtɪm.bə/ /ˈtɪm.bɚ/ n
tembr barwa
quality of a sound independent of its pitch and volume

time /taɪm/ /tɑɪm/ /tɜːm/ [tʰaɪ̯m] [tʰɑe̯m] n
czas
inevitable passing of events
measurement of a quantity of time
quantity of availability in time
a personal experience
measurement under some system of the time of day or moment in time
person's experiences or biography
youth or young adulthood
czas godzina
time of day, as indicated by a clock, etc
epoka czasy
extended period of time, defined or undefined: age, era, etc.
godzina czas
numerical indication of a particular moment in time
pora czas
division of the day: particular moment or hour
raz
instance or occurrence
raz razy
ratio of comparison

time /taɪm/ /tɑɪm/ /tɜːm/ [tʰaɪ̯m] [tʰɑe̯m] v
chronometrować
to measure time

time after time adv
raz za razem raz po raz
again and again

time bank n
bank czasu
a system of reciprocal volunteering

time bomb n
bomba zegarowa
bomb with a timeout mechanism
situation that threatens to have disastrous consequences at some future time

time capsule n
kapsuła czasu
sealed container

time complexity n
złożoność czasowa
amount of time

time difference n
różnica czasu
difference of time between measurements

time dilation n
dylatacja czasu
slowing of the passage of time at relativistic speeds

time flies phraseologicalUnit
czas leci
time seems to pass quickly

time frame /ˈtaɪmˌfɹeɪm/ /ˈtɑemˌfɹeɪm/ /ˈtɜːmˌfɹeɪm/ n
termin
period of time

time heals all wounds proverb
czas leczy rany
negative feelings eventually fade away

time immemorial n
od dawien dawna
time that extends beyond memory or record

time is money proverb
czas to pieniądz
time is money

time limit n
termin
time by which something must finish

time machine n
wehikuł czasu
device used to travel in time

time of day n
pora dnia
loosely specified period of or point in time

time of departure n
godzina odjazdu czas odjazdu
the time when an airplane etc. is scheduled to depart

time off n
urlop
time without work

time travel n
podróżowanie w czasie
hypothetical or fictional travel to the past or future

time will tell phraseologicalUnit
czas pokaże
results of an action cannot be known beforehand

time zone n
strefa czasowa
range of longitudes where a common standard time is used

time-consuming adj
czasochłonny
requiring significant amounts of time

time-honored adj
uświęcony tradycją
honored because of age or long usage

time-lapse /ˈtaɪmˌlæps/ adj
poklatkowa
photographic technique

time-out /ˈtaɪm.aʊt/ n
przerwa
in sports

timeless adj
ponadczasowy bezczasowy
not decreasing over time in quality and appeal

timelessly adv
bezczasowo
in a timeless manner

timelessness /ˈtaɪmləsnəs/ /ˈtaɪmlɪsnɪs/ /ˈtʰaɪ̯mlɪ̈snɪ̈s/ n
bezczasowość ponadczasowość pozaczasowość
property of being timeless

timeline /ˈtaɪmˌlaɪn/ n
oś czasu
graphical representation of a chronological sequence of events

timepiece /ˈtaɪmpiːs/ n
czasomierz

timer /ˈtaɪmɚ/ n
minutnik
device

times /taɪmz/ /tɑemz/ /tɜːmz/ preposition
razy
multiplied by

timeserver /ˈtʌɪmˌsəːvə/ n
oportunista oportunistka
opportunist
serwer czasu
device

timesheet n
grafik
a document that allows for the recording of hours worked on various tasks

timetable /ˈtaɪmˌteɪbəl/ n
rozkład harmonogram
a structured schedule of events

timid /ˈtɪmɪd/ adj
nieśmiały bojaźliwy płochliwy
lacking in courage or confidence

timing belt n
pasek rozrządu
a part of an internal combustion engine

timothy /ˈtɪməθi/ n
tymotka
grass of genus Phleum

timpani /ˈtɪmpəni/ n
kotły
kettledrums

tin /tɪn/ [tʰɪn] adj
cynowy
made of tin

tin /tɪn/ [tʰɪn] n
blacha
metal pan
cyna
element
konserwa puszka
airtight container

tin /tɪn/ [tʰɪn] v
bielić cynować
to cover with tin

tin ear n
słoń nadepnął komuś na ucho
inability to appreciate the elements of performed music

tin pest n
dżuma cynowa
autocatalytic transformation of tin

tin soldier n
żołnierzyk
toy soldier

tin-pot /ˈtɪn.pɑːt/ /ˈtɪn.pɒt/ adj
lichy nędzny
inferior, shoddy

tinamou /ˈtɪ.nəˌmuː/ n
kusacz
bird of the family Tinamidae

tincture /ˈtɪŋ(k)tʃə/ /ˈtɪŋ(k)t͡ʃɚ/ /ˈtɪŋktjʊə/ n
tynktura
hue or pattern used in the depiction of a coat of arms
tynktura nalewka
medicine consisting of one or more substances dissolved in ethanol or some other solvent

tinder /ˈtɪn.də/ /ˈtɪn.dɚ/ n
hubka
dry sticks etc.

tinfoil n
cynfolia staniol
tinfoil

tinfoil hat n
czapka foliowa
tinfoil hat

tinfoil hatter n
foliara foliarz
one who believes in conspiracy theories

tingle /ˈtɪŋɡəl/ n
dzwonienie mrowienie swędzenie
prickling sensation

tingle /ˈtɪŋɡəl/ v
mrowić
to have a prickling or mildly stinging sensation

tinker /ˈtɪŋkə(ɹ)/ /ˈtɪŋkɚ/ v
majstrować
to fiddle with something in an attempt to fix or improve it

tinnitus /tɪˈnaɪ.təs/ /ˈtɪn.ə.təs/ /ˈtɪn.ɪ.təs/ n
szumy uszne
perception of nonexistent noise

tinsel /ˈtɪns(ə)l/ /ˈtɪnsəl/ n
girlanda łańcuch choinkowy
very thin decorative strips of a glittering, metallic material, often strung on to thread

tinsmith n
blacharz
a person who makes or repairs things with tin

tinsmithing n
blacharka blacharstwo

tinwork n
blacharka

tiny /ˈtaɪni/ adj
drobny malutki tyci
very small

tip /tɪp/ n
czubek
extreme end of something
napiwek
small amount of money left for a servant as a token of appreciation
wskazówka
piece of private information

tip /tɪp/ v
dawać napiwek dać napiwek
give a small amount of money to someone for a service provided

tip of the iceberg /ˈtɪp əv ði ˈaɪsbɝɡ/ /ˈtɪp əv ðiː ˈaɪsbɜːɡ/ n
wierzchołek góry lodowej
small indication of a larger possibility

tip the scales v
być języczkiem u wagi przechylać szalę przechylić szalę
to turn a balanced situation to one side

tipcat n
klipa
game in which a wooden piece is struck with a stick
wooden piece used in tipcat

tipsy /ˈtɪp.si/ adj
podchmielony
slightly drunk

tiptoe /ˈtɪpˌtoʊ/ /ˈtɪpˌtəʊ/ [ˈtʰɪpˌtʰoʊ̯] [ˈtʰɪpˌtʰəʊ̯] v
iść na palcach pójść na palcach
to walk quietly

tiramisu /ˌtɪɹəmiˈsu/ /ˌtɪɹəmɪˈsuː/ /ˌtɪɹəˈmisu/ n
tiramisu
semifreddo dessert

tire /ˈtaɪ̯ə(ɹ)/ /ˈtaɪ̯ɚ/ /ˈtɑːɚ/ /ˈtʌɪ̯ɚ/ [ˈtʰaɪ̯ɚ] v
zmęczyć męczyć
to become sleepy

tire out v
wymęczyć
make someone tired

tired [ˈtajəd] [ˈtaɪ̯əd] [ˈtaɪ̯ɚd] [ˈtæ̞ːəd] [ˈtɑjəd] adj
zmęczony
in need of rest or sleep

tiredness n
zmęczenie
state of being tired

tireless adj
niestrudzony niezmordowany
indefatigable

tiresome /ˈtaɪəsəm/ /ˈtaɪɹsəm/ adj
nudny
causing fatigue or boredom

tiring /ˈtaɪəɹɪŋ/ adj
męczący
that tires or tire

tissue /ˈtɪs.juː/ /ˈtɪʃ.(j)u/ /ˈtɪʃ.u/ n
chusteczka chusteczka higieniczna
sheet of absorbent paper
tkanka
aggregation of cells
woven fabric

tissue paper n
bibuła
thin, translucent paper

tit /tɪt/ n
cyc cycek pierś
a mammary gland, teat
cycek cyc
(slang, vulgar) a woman's breast
dupa dupka sikorka
a young girl
kucyk
a small horse

tit for tat /ˈtɪt fə(ɹ) ˈtæt/ /ˈtɪt fɚ ˈtæt/ /ˈtɪt fɝ ˈtæt/ n
wet za wet
act of returning exactly what one gets

tit fuck n
Hiszpan
stimulation of a penis by breasts

titan arum n
dziwidło olbrzymie
Amorphopallus titanum

titan beetle n
tytan
Titanus giganteus

titanium /taɪˈteɪni.əm/ /tɪˈteɪni.əm/ n
tytan
chemical element

tithe /taɪð/ n
dziesięcina
tax paid to the Church

tithi /ˈtiːti/ /ˈtiːθi/ /ˈt̪ɪt̪ʰi/ /ˈt̪ɪt̪ʰɪ/ n
tithi
lunar day

titian /ˈtɪʃən/ adj
tycjanowski rudopomarańczowy złotorudy
of a bright auburn colour

titian /ˈtɪʃən/ n
tycjanowski złotorudy
bright auburn colour

titin /ˈtaɪtɪn/ n
tityna
protein

title /ˈtaɪ.təl/ n
nagłówek
subject of a writing
tytuł
prefix or suffix added to a name
certificate of ownership
tytuł nazwa
name of a book, etc

title /ˈtaɪ.təl/ v
tytułować
the act of assigning a title

title bar n
pasek tytułu
bar showing the name

titleless adj
beztytułowy
having no title; nameless

titmouse /ˈtɪtmaʊs/ n
sikora
any bird of the family Paridae

titrate /ˈtaɪtɹeɪt/ /ˈtɪtɹeɪt/ v
miareczkować
to ascertain the concentration of a solution

titration /taɪˈtɹeɪʃən/ /tɪˈtɹeɪʃən/ n
alkacymetria miareczkowanie
determination of concentration, by addition of reagent until completion of reaction

titter /ˈtɪtə(ɹ)/ /ˈtɪtɚ/ [ˈtɪɾɚ] n
chichot
nervous or repressed giggle

titter /ˈtɪtə(ɹ)/ /ˈtɪtɚ/ [ˈtɪɾɚ] v
chichotać
to laugh or giggle in a somewhat subdued manner

titular /ˈtɪtjʊlə/ /ˈtɪt͡ʃəlɚ/ adj
tytularny
nominal

titushky n
tituszka
a violent pro-government vigilante involved in cracking down on popular protest

tjurunga n
czuringa

tkemali n
tkemali
tart Georgian sauce made from sour plums

tl;dr /tiː ˌɛl diː ˈɑː(ɹ)/ phraseologicalUnit
zd;nc
too long didn't read

tmesis /t(ə)ˈmiːsɪs/ /ˈmiːsɪs/ n
tmeza
insertion of one or more words between the components of a word

to /tu/ /tuː/ /tə/ /tʉː/ /tʊ/ [tʰu̟] [tʰu̟ː] [tʰʉː] [ɾə] [ɾʊ] adv
zamknięte

to /tu/ /tuː/ /tə/ /tʉː/ /tʊ/ [tʰu̟] [tʰu̟ː] [tʰʉː] [ɾə] [ɾʊ] particle
-ać -c -eć -ić -ąć -ć
infinitive-marker
aby by żeby
in order to

to /tu/ /tuː/ /tə/ /tʉː/ /tʊ/ [tʰu̟] [tʰu̟ː] [tʰʉː] [ɾə] [ɾʊ] preposition
do
in the direction of, and arriving at
used after certain adjectives to indicate a relationship
used to indicate ratios
do potęgi
used to indicated exponentiation
za
time: preceding

to a T
co do joty
precisely; exactly

to a large extent
w dużej mierze

to a lesser extent
w mniejszym stopniu

to and fro adv
tam i z powrotem w tę i nazad
back and forth

to arms
do broni
to arms

to be continued phraseologicalUnit
cdn. ciąg dalszy nastąpi
story continues in next episode

to be honest phraseologicalUnit
prawdę mówiąc szczerze mówiąc
frankly

to boot adv
na dobitkę
in addition, besides, also

to date
do dziś dotychczas
until now

to death
na umór na zabój na życie i śmierć
to a great degree

to do with preposition
do czynienia z
relate or relevant to

to each his own proverb
każdemu swoje kto co lubi
every person is entitled to his or her personal preferences

to err is human proverb
błądzić jest rzeczą ludzką mylić się jest rzeczą ludzką
Everybody makes mistakes

to go adj
na wynos
served in a takeout container

to heel interjection
do nogi
order not to stray far

to no avail
bez skutku

to one's heart's content adv
ile dusza zapragnie
until satisfied; as much as is wished

to one's knowledge
o ile mi wiadomo
to one's knowledge

to say nothing of /tə seɪ ˈnʌθɪŋ əv/ /tʊ seɪ ˈnʌθɪŋ əv/ conjunction
nie mówiąc już o
apophasis used to mention another important, usually related, point

to say the least adv
co najmniej
suggesting understatement

to some extent
w pewnym stopniu
in part

to speak of phraseologicalUnit
za bardzo

to taste
do smaku
depending on personal taste

to tell the truth adv
prawdę mówiąc
attestation to the truthfulness and frankness of a statement

to that end
w tym celu
for that reason

to the core
do cna do szpiku kości na wskroś na wylot
down to one's very essence

to the day
dokładnie
measured on the level of days

to the death
na śmierć i życie
that one will die
to the utmost degree

to the full
na całego na całość na maksa
fully, completely

to the letter adv
co do joty dosłownie
idiomatic for “literally”, following the rules as they're written

to the max
na maksa
to the maximum possible degree or extent

to the power of preposition
do potęgi
indicating an exponent

to the victor go the spoils proverb
łupy należą do zwycięzcy
winner gains additional benefits

to think that conjunction
i pomyśleć, że

to what do I owe the pleasure phraseologicalUnit
czemu zawdzięczam ten zaszczyt
to what do I owe the pleasure

to what end adv
po co
for what purpose

to whom it may concern phraseologicalUnit
do wszystkich zainteresowanych zaświadczenie
phrase used to begin a formal letter to an unknown recipient

to wit adv
mianowicie a konkretnie a mianowicie czyli
namely, specifically

to your health phraseologicalUnit
na zdrowie

to-do list n
lista spraw lista zadań
list of errands

toad /toʊd/ /təʊd/ n
ropucha ropuch
amphibian similar to a frog

toadflax n
lnica
plant of the genus Linaria

toadstool /ˈtoʊdˌstu(ə)l/ /ˈtəʊdˌstuːl/ n
muchomor
an inedible or poisonous mushroom

toady /ˈtoʊ.di/ /ˈtəʊ.di/ n
lizus
sycophant flattering others to gain personal advantage

toast /toʊst/ /təʉst/ /təʊst/ n
toast
salutation while drinking alcohol
tost grzanka
toasted bread

toast /toʊst/ /təʉst/ /təʊst/ v
opiec opiekać
to lightly cook by browning over fire
to lightly cook in a kitchen appliance
wznieść toast wznosić toast
to engage in a salutation

toast rack n
stojak na rowery
bicycle stand
stojak na tosty
rack designed to hold toasted bread

toaster /ˈtoʊstɚ/ /ˈtəʊstə/ n
toster
device for toasting bread

tobacco /təˈbæk.oʊ/ /təˈbæk.əʊ/ n
tytoń
any plant of the genus Nicotiana
tytoń tabaka
leaves of certain varieties of tobacco plant

tobacco pipe n
fajka lulka
smoking tool

tobacconist n
właściciel sklepu tytoniowego
person who sells tobacco

tobacconist's n
trafika
shop that sells tobacco products

toboggan /təˈbɑːɡ.ən/ /təˈbɒɡ.ən/ n
sanki tobogan
long sled without runners

toccata /təˈkɑːtə/ n
toccata
musical piece

today /təˈdeɪ/ /tʊˈdeɪ/ [tʰəˈdeɪ] [tʰʉɾeɪː] [tʰʊˈdeɪ] adv
dzisiaj dziś
on the current day
w dzisiejszych czasach dzisiaj
nowadays

today /təˈdeɪ/ /tʊˈdeɪ/ [tʰəˈdeɪ] [tʰʉɾeɪː] [tʰʊˈdeɪ] n
dzisiaj dziś
today (noun)

today's adj
dzisiejszy
relating to, or produced in, the current historical period
relating to, or produced today

toddler /ˈtɑdlɚ/ /ˈtɒdlə/ n
maluch maluszek
young child who has started walking but not fully mastered it

toe /toʊ/ /təʊ/ n
palec
any equivalent part in an animal
palec u nogi palec u stopy palec
each of the five digits on the end of the foot
palec czubek nosek palce
part of a shoe or sock covering the toe

toenail /ˈtəʊˌneɪl/ n
paznokieć u nogi
the plate covering the end of a toe

toffee /ˈtɒfi/ /ˈtɔfi/ n
toffi
uncountable: type of confectionery

tofu /ˈtoʊfu/ /ˈtəʊfuː/ n
tofu
protein-rich food made from curdled soy milk

tofu scramble n
tofucznica
tofu dish resembling scrambled egg

tofu skin n
yuba
food product made from soybeans

toga /ˈtoʊ.ɡə/ /ˈtəʊ.ɡə/ n
toga
loose outer garment worn by the citizens of Ancient Rome
loose wrap gown

together /təˈɡɛð.ə(ɹ)/ /təˈɡɛðɚ/ /tʊˈɡɛð.ə(ɹ)/ /tʊˈɡɛðɚ/ adv
razem
into one place
razem wespół wspólnie
at the same time, in the same place

together with /tʊˈɡɛð.ə(ɹ) wɪð/ /tʊˈɡɛðɚ wɪθ/ preposition
razem z
being with

toggle /ˈtɑ.ɡəl/ /ˈtɒɡ.əl/ v
przełączać
to alternate between two positions using a single switch or lever
to switch between alternate states

toggle switch n
przełącznik
switch actuated by a lever

toil /tɔɪl/ /ˈtɔɪəl/ n
trud
labor, work

toilet /ˈtɔɪ.lət/ /ˈtɔɪ.lɪt/ n
toaleta
personal grooming
ubikacja klozet sedes
fixture used for urination and defecation
ubikacja ustęp kibel toaleta klop sracz
room used for urination and defecation

toilet bowl n
klozet muszla muszla klozetowa sedes
receptacle designed to receive the dejections of humans

toilet paper n
papier toaletowy srajtaśma
paper to clean oneself after defecation or urination

toilet roll n
rolka papieru toaletowego
roll of toilet paper

toilet seat n
deska sedesowa klozet sedes
seat of a toilet

toiletry /ˈtɔɪlɪtɹi/ n
artykuły kosmetyczne
item used for personal hygiene or grooming

tokamak /ˈtoʊkəmæk/ /ˈtəʊkəmæk/ n
tokamak
A torus-shaped chamber in which a plasma is magnetically confined

tokay /toʊˈkeɪ/ /təʊˈkeɪ/ n
tokaj
wine made from this grape

token /ˈtoʊkən/ /ˈtəʊkən/ adj
symboliczny
merely symbolic, for appearance's sake

token /ˈtoʊkən/ /ˈtəʊkən/ n
symbol dowód oznaka
something serving as an expression of something else
żeton
piece of stamped metal used as a substitute for money

tolerable /ˈtɑləɹəbl̩/ /ˈtɒləɹəbl̩/ adj
znośny
Capable of being borne, tolerated or endured; bearable or endurable

tolerance /ˈtɑ.lə.ɹəns/ /ˈtɒl.ə.ɹəns/ /ˈtɔl.ə.ɹəns/ n
tolerancja
ability or practice of tolerating

tolerant /ˈtɑːləɹənt/ /ˈtɒləɹənt/ adj
tolerancyjny
tending to permit, allow, understand, or accept something

tolerate /ˈtɑ.lə.ɹeɪt/ /ˈtɒl.ə.ɹeɪt/ v
tolerować
To allow without explicit approval

toll /toɫ/ /toʊl/ /tɑl/ /tɒl/ /tɔl/ /təʊl/ [tʰɔwɫ] n
myto opłata drogowa
fee for using roads and bridges

toll booth n
bramka punkt poboru opłat
a booth on a toll road or toll bridge where the toll is collected

tollable adj
podatny na opłatę
subject to the payment of a toll

tollbar n
szlaban

toluene /ˈtɑl.ju.in/ /ˈtɒl.juː.iːn/ n
toluen
liquid hydrocarbon

toluidine n
aminotoluen toluidyna

tom /tɑm/ /tɒm/ n
kocur kot
male cat

tomahawk /ˈtɑ.mə.hɑk/ /ˈtɑ.mə.hɔk/ /ˈtɒm.ə.hɔːk/ n
tomahawk
American Indian axe

tomato /təˈmeɪ.toʊ/ /təˈmɑː.təʊ/ /ʈoˈmæʈo/ [-ma-] [tʰəˈme(ː)to(ː)] [tʰəˈmeɪɾo] [tʰɵ-] n
pomidor
fruit
tomato plant

tomato paste n
koncentrat pomidorowy
concentrate of tomato purée

tomayto, tomahto /təˈmeɪtoʊ təˈmɑːtəʊ/ phraseologicalUnit
jak zwał, tak zwał
to suggest a distinction without a difference
ziemniaki, kartofle, pyry
to dismiss an alternative standard

tomb /tum/ /tuːm/ n
grobowiec
small building or vault for the remains of the dead

tomboy /ˈtɑm.bɔɪ/ /ˈtɒm.bɔɪ/ n
chłopczyca baba-chłop babochłop chłopobaba herod-baba kobieton
girl who acts as a typical boy would

tombstone /tuːmstoʊn/ /tuːmstəʊn/ n
nagrobek
stone on grave

tome /toʊm/ /təʊm/ n
księga
large or scholarly book
tom wolumin
one in a series of volumes

tomfoolery /ˈtɑmˌful.ɚ.i/ /ˌtɒmˈfuːlə.ɹi/ [ˈtʰɑmˌɸuɫ.ɚ.i] [ˈtʰɑɱˌfuɫ.ɚ.i] n
bufonada figiel psikus wygłup
foolish behaviour

tomography n
tomografia
imaging by sections or sectioning

tomorrow /təˈmɑɹoʊ/ /təˈmɑɹə/ /təˈmɒɹoʊ/ /təˈmɒɹə/ /təˈmɒɹəʊ/ /təˈmɔɹoʊ/ /təˈmʌɹəʊ/ /tʊ-/ /tʊˈmɑɹoʊ/ adv
jutro
on the day after the present day

tomorrow /təˈmɑɹoʊ/ /təˈmɑɹə/ /təˈmɒɹoʊ/ /təˈmɒɹə/ /təˈmɒɹəʊ/ /təˈmɔɹoʊ/ /təˈmʌɹəʊ/ /tʊ-/ /tʊˈmɑɹoʊ/ n
jutro
the day after the present day

tomorrow is another day /təˈmɑɹoʊ ɪz əˈnʌðɚ deɪ/ /təˈmɒɹoʊ ɪz əˈnʌðə(ɹ) deɪ/ proverb
jutro też jest dzień
a phrase indicating that tomorrow will bring new opportunities

tomorrow's adj
jutrzejszy

ton /tʌn/ n
tona
various units of mass notionally equivalent to a tun

tonality n
tonalność
system of seven tones and tonic key

tone /toʊn/ /təʊn/ n
odcień
shade or quality of a colour
ton
specific pitch, quality and duration; a note
pitch of a word that distinguishes a difference in meaning
ton brzmienie barwa zabarwienie
character of a sound, especially the timbre of an instrument or voice

toner /ˈtoʊnɚ/ n
toner
powder used in laser printers and photocopiers

tongs /tɑŋz/ /tɒŋz/ /tɔŋz/ n
szczypce
instrument

tongue /tɒŋɡ/ /tʊŋ/ /tʊŋɡ/ /tʌŋ/ n
język
flap in a shoe
język ozór
organ

tongue depressor n
kopystka językowa szpatułka
device used to depress the tongue

tongue-in-cheek adj
z przymrużeniem oka
witty, jocular, humorous

tongue-twister n
łamaniec językowy łamaniec
phrase which is difficult to say

tonight /təˈnaɪt/ adv
dziś w nocy tej nocy
during today's nighttime
dziś wieczorem tego wieczoru
during today's evening

tonsil /ˈtɑn.səl/ /ˈtɒn.səl/ /ˈtɒn.sɪl/ n
migdałek migdał
palatine tonsil

tonsillectomy n
tonsillektomia
surgical removal of tonsils

tonsillitis /tɒnsəˈlaɪtɪs/ n
angina
inflammation of the tonsils

tonsure /ˈtɒn.ʃə(ɹ)/ n
tonsura
bald patch resulting from being tonsured

too /tu/ /tuː/ [tʰu̟] [tʰu̟ː] adv
też
likewise
zbyt za
more than enough; as too much

too bad phraseologicalUnit
jaka szkoda
that's a pity
szkoda że
it is unfortunate that

too good to be true phraseologicalUnit
bajka z tysiąca i jednej nocy
appearing to be exceptionally good, and therefore arousing suspicion of illegitimacy

too little, too late n
za mało i za późno

too many cooks spoil the broth proverb
gdzie kucharek sześć, tam nie ma co jeść
with too many people a task won't be done very well

too much /tu ˈmʌtʃ/ adv
za dużo
excessively

too much of a good thing phraseologicalUnit
za dużo dobrego

tool /tul/ /tuːl/ /tʉːl/ n
kutas
penis
narzędzie
equipment used in a profession
a software for developers
narzędzie przybór
mechanical device intended to make a task easier

tool /tul/ /tuːl/ /tʉːl/ v
harować
to work very hard
obrabiać
to work on or shape with tools
wyposażać
to equip with tools

toolbar n
pasek narzędzi
row of icons in a graphical user interface

toolbox /ˈtuːlˌbɑks/ /ˈtuːlˌbɒks/ /ˈtʉːlˌbɔks/ n
skrzynka na narzędzia
storage case for tools

toolkit n
niezbędnik
assembly of tools

toolmaker n
narzędziowiec
person who makes or repairs tools

toolset n
zestaw [narzędzi
collection of tools

toot one's own horn v
pochlebiać sobie pochlebić sobie
promote oneself

tooth /tuːθ/ /tuθ/ /tʊθ/ n
ząb
saw tooth
gear tooth
ząb zęby
anatomy: tooth

tooth fairy /-ˌfɛɹi/ /ˈtuːθ ˌfɛə̯ɹi/ /ˈtuθ ˌfɛə̯ɹi/ n
zębowa wróżka
figure of modern myth said to give children a small amount of money in exchange for a milk tooth

tooth socket n
zębodół
socket in the jaw

tooth-billed pigeon n
zębacz
Didunculus strigirostris

toothache /ˈtuθˌeɪk/ n
ból zęba
ache in a tooth

toothbrush /ˈtuːθbɹʌʃ/ n
szczoteczka do zębów
brush for cleaning the teeth and tongue

toothed jelly fungus n
galaretek kolczasty
mushroom, Pseudohydnum gelatinosum

toothed whale n
zębowiec
whale of the Odontoceti suborder

toothless /ˈtuθləs/ /ˈtuθlɪs/ adj
bezzębny bezzęby
Having no teeth

toothlessness n
bezzębie bezzębność
the state or condition of being toothless; lack of teeth

toothpaste /ˈtuːθpeɪst/ /ˈtuθpeɪst/ n
pasta do zębów
paste for cleaning the teeth

toothpick /tuːθ.pɪk/ n
wykałaczka
stick for removing food residue from the area between the teeth

toothpickweed n
aminek egipski
Ammi visnaga

toothwort n
łuskiewnik
plant of the genus Lathraea

toothy /ˈtuː.θi/ adj
zębaty
having prominent teeth

top /tɑp/ /tɒp/ [tʰɑˀp] [tʰɒˀp] n
aktyw
gay sexual slang: gay man who likes to penetrate in sex
top
garment worn to cover the torso
wierzch wierzchołek góra
uppermost part

top hat n
cylinder
cylindrical hat

top notch adj
bajerancki
Of the highest quality

top note n
nuta głowy
The most volatile parts of a perfume which are immediately perceived upon its application.

top secret adj
ściśle tajny
information classified at the highest level

top surgery n
jedynka operacja góry topka
procedure

top ten n
czołowa dziesiątka dziesięć najpopularniejszych pierwsza dziesiątka top dziesięć

top-down adj
odgórny
hierarchical system that progresses from a single, large basic unit to multiple, smaller subunits

toparch /ˈtɒpɑːk/ n
toparcha
ruler of a small district or petty state

topaz /ˈtoʊˌpæz/ /ˈtəʊˌpæz/ adj
topazowy
colour

topaz /ˈtoʊˌpæz/ /ˈtəʊˌpæz/ n
topaz
gem

topic /ˈtɑpɪk/ /ˈtɒpɪk/ n
temat
subject; theme

topical /ˈtɑ.pɪ.kəl/ /ˈtɒp.ɪ.kəl/ adj
aktualny
of current interest

topicality n
aktualność
condition of being topical

topicless adj
beztematyczny

topless adj
toples topless
naked from the waist up

topless adv
toples topless
not wearing any clothes on the upper body

topmast n
stenga
mast below topgallant mast

topographic adj
topograficzny
of, or relating to topography

topography /təˈpɑɡɹəfi/ /təˈpɒɡɹəfi/ n
topografia
the features themselves (the terrain)

topological adj
topologiczny
of or relating to topology

topological group n
grupa topologiczna
group with topological structure

topology /təˈpɑləd͡ʒi/ /təˈpɒləd͡ʒi/ n
topologia
study of geometric properties that are not changed by stretching etc.

toponym /ˈtɒpənɪm/ n
toponim

topple /ˈtɑpl̩/ /ˈtɒpl̩/ v
przewracać przewrócić
to push, throw over, overturn or overthrow something

tops /tɑps/ /tɒps/ adv
góra
maximum

toque /toʊk/ /təʊk/ n
toczek tok
rimless hat

torch /tɔɹt͡ʃ/ /tɔːtʃ/ n
pochodnia łuczywo żagiew
stick with flame at one end

toreador n
toreador torreador
a bullfighter

toric /tɔːɹɪk/ adj
armilarny

torii /ˈtoɹi/ /ˈtɔːɹi/ n
torii
traditional shrine gate

torment /tɔː(ɹ)ˈmɛnt/ /ˈtɔː(ɹ)mənt/ /ˈtɔː(ɹ)mɛnt/ n
męka udręka cierpienie
extreme pain

torment /tɔː(ɹ)ˈmɛnt/ /ˈtɔː(ɹ)mənt/ /ˈtɔː(ɹ)mɛnt/ v
męczyć nękać trapić
to cause severe suffering

tormentor n
dręczyciel dręczycielka
someone who torments

torn /to(ː)ɹn/ /toən/ /tɔɹn/ /tɔːn/ adj
rozdarty
unable to decide

tornado /tɔɹˈneɪ.doʊ/ /tɔɹˈneɪˌdoʊ/ /tɔː(ɹ)ˈneɪ.dəʊ/ n
tornado trąba powietrzna
violent windstorm

toroid n
toroid
surface generated by a closed curve (especially a circle) rotating about, but not intersecting or containing, an axis in its own plane

torpedo /ˌtoɹˈpi.doʊ/ /ˌtɔː(ɹ)ˈpiː.dəʊ/ n
torpeda
underwater weapon
fish

torpedo /ˌtoɹˈpi.doʊ/ /ˌtɔː(ɹ)ˈpiː.dəʊ/ v
torpedować
to sink a ship with one or more torpedoes
to strike a ship with a torpedo

torpedo boat n
torpedowiec
warship designed to fire torpedoes

torque /tɔɹk/ /tɔːk/ n
moment obrotowy
a rotational or twisting force

torque wrench n
klucz dynamometryczny
wrench for applying a specific torque

torr n
tor
unit of pressure

torrent /ˈtɑɹ.ənt/ /ˈtɒɹ.ənt/ /ˈtɔɹ.ənt/ n
potok
violent flow, as of water etc.

torso /ˈtɔɹ.soʊ/ /ˈtɔː.səʊ/ n
tułów kadłub korpus
body excluding the head and limbs

tort /toɹt/ /tɔːt/ n
delikt cywilny
wrongful act, regarded as non-criminal and unrelated to a contract, which causes an injury

torte /tɔɹt/ /tɔːt/ n
tort
a rich, dense cake

tortellini /ˌtɔɹtəˈlini/ n
tortellini
ring-shaped pasta

torticollis /tɔɹ.təˈkɑ.ləs/ n
kręcz
medical condition

tortilla /tɔɹˈti.ə/ /tɔɹˈtijə/ /tɔːˈti.ə/ /tɔːˈtijə/ [tɔɹˈtʰijə] n
tortilla
a flat round bread

tortoise /ˈtɔɹ.təs/ /ˈtɔː.təs/ /ˈtɔːˌtɔɪs/ n
żółw żółw lądowy
land-dwelling reptile

tortoiseshell /ˈtɔː(ɹ)tə.ˌʃɛl/ /ˈtɔː(ɹ)təs.ˌʃɛl/ adj
szylkretowy
made of covering of carapace of hawksbill turtle

tortoiseshell /ˈtɔː(ɹ)tə.ˌʃɛl/ /ˈtɔː(ɹ)təs.ˌʃɛl/ n
szylkret
covering of carapace of hawksbill turtle

tortuous /ˈtɔɹt͡ʃuəs/ /ˈtɔːt͡ʃuːəs/ adj
pokrętny wykrętny zawiły
twisted

torture /ˈtɔɹt͡ʃɚ/ /ˈtɔːt͡ʃə(ɹ)/ n
tortura tortury
intentional causing of somebody's experiencing agony

torture /ˈtɔɹt͡ʃɚ/ /ˈtɔːt͡ʃə(ɹ)/ v
torturować męczyć katować
to intentionally inflict unnecessary pain or suffering on helpless victims

torture chamber n
katownia
room equipped for torture

torturer n
oprawca kat
one who tortures

torus /ˈtoː.ɹəs/ /ˈtɔɹ.əs/ /ˈtɔː.ɹəs/ n
torus
topological space
in combination, product of circles
torus armila
shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space

toss /tɑs/ /tɒs/ /tɔs/ n
rzucenie rzut
throw, a lob, of a ball
rzut
toss of a coin before a match

toss /tɑs/ /tɒs/ /tɔs/ v
rzucać rzucić
to throw with an initial upward direction

toss a coin v
rzucać monetą rzucić monetą
to flick a coin for making a decision

toss-up n
na dwoje babka wróżyła
either of two outcomes that are equally likely

tot /tɑt/ /tɒt/ n
berbeć brzdąc
small child

total /ˈtoʊ.təl/ /ˈtəʊ.təl/ [tʰoʊ̯ɾɫ] [tʰɔɾɫ] adj
bezwzględny całkowity totalny zupełny
complete
całkowity
entire

total /ˈtoʊ.təl/ /ˈtəʊ.təl/ [tʰoʊ̯ɾɫ] [tʰɔɾɫ] n
suma
amount
sum

total /ˈtoʊ.təl/ /ˈtəʊ.təl/ [tʰoʊ̯ɾɫ] [tʰɔɾɫ] v
kasować skasować
to demolish
podsumować podsumowywać
to add up
równać się wynieść wynosić
(intransitive) to amount to
to equal after calculation

total depravity n
całkowita niezdolność całkowite zepsucie
Calvinist doctrine

total internal reflection n
całkowite wewnętrzne odbicie

total war n
wojna totalna
warfare where all of a country's resources are employed

totalitarian /ˌtoʊtəlɪˈtɛɹiən/ /ˌtəʊtalɪˈtɛəɹiən/ adj
totalitarny totalny
related to the system of government

totalitarianism n
totalitaryzm totalizm
system where state wields absolute control

totally /ˈtoʊt.əl.i/ adv
całkowicie zupełnie bezwzględnie totalnie
In a total manner; completely
totalnie
very

tote /toʊt/ /təʊt/ v
dźwigać tachać taszczyć
carry or bear

totem /ˈtoʊtəm/ /ˈtəʊtəm/ n
totem
natural object or living creature that serves as an emblem of a tribe

totemism /ˈtoʊtəmɪzəm/ n
totemizm
belief in a special relationship to a totem

toucan /ˈtuːkən/ /ˈtuːˌkæn/ n
tukan
Ramphastid

touch /tɑt͡ʃ/ /tɛt͡ʃ/ /tʌt͡ʃ/ n
aut
part of a sportsfield
dotyk
sense of perception by physical contact
dotyk dotknięcie
act of touching
kontakt
close communication
odrobina
small amount
podejście styl
style or technique
szczegół
distinguishing feature

touch /tɑt͡ʃ/ /tɛt͡ʃ/ /tʌt͡ʃ/ v
dotykać dotknąć
make physical contact with
poruszać dotknąć dotykać atandrysować poruszyć rozczulać
affect emotionally

touch base v
skontaktować
to consult, visit or communicate

touch screen n
ekran dotykowy
input/output device

touch-me-not n
niecierpek
genus: Impatiens

touch-type v
napisać bezwzrokowo pisać bezwzrokowo

touch-typing n
pisanie bezwzrokowe

touched /tʌt͡ʃt/ adj
poruszony wzruszony
moved

touching /ˈtʌt͡ʃɪŋ/ adj
wzruszający
provoking sadness and pity

touchless adj
bezdotykowy

touchlessly adv
bezdotykowo

touchpad n
touchpad
flat surface which is sensitive to touch

touchstone /ˈtʌt͡ʃstəʊn/ n
kamień probierczy
stone used to test the quality of gold alloys
probierz
standard of comparison or evaluation

touché /tuːˈʃeɪ/ /ˈtuː.ʃeɪ/ interjection
trafienie
fencing hit

tough /tʌf/ adj
odporny wytrzymały
rugged or physically hardy
twardy
difficult to chew

tough cookie n
twarda sztuka
person who can endure physical or mental hardship

tough guy n
twardziel

tough love n
trudna miłość twarda miłość

toupee /tuːˈpeɪ/ n
tupecik tupet peruczka
wig

tour guide n
przewodniczka przewodnik
guide on organised tours

touring bicycle n
rower trekingowy
touring bicycle

tourism /ˈtɔː(ɹ).ɪz.əm/ /ˈtʊə̯(ɹ).ɪz.əm/ n
turystyka
the act of travelling or sightseeing

tourist /ˈtɔɹ.ɪst/ /ˈtɔːɹɪst/ /ˈtɝ.ɪst/ /ˈtʊəɹɪst/ /ˈtʊɹ.ɪst/ n
turysta turystka
someone who travels for pleasure

tourist attraction n
atrakcja turystyczna
location of interest to tourists

tourist office n
biuro informacji turystycznej informacja turystyczna
office which provides information for tourists

tourist trap n
sklep z kiczem dla turystów
establishment encouraging tourists to spend money

touristic /tɔː-/ /tɝ-/ /tʊəˈɹɪstɪk/ /tʊɹˈɪstɪk/ adj
turystyczny
catering to tourists

touristically adv
turystycznie

touristy /ˈtɔːɹɪsti/ /ˈtʊəɹɪsti/ adj
turystyczny
catering to tourists

tournament /ˈtɔɹnəmənt/ /ˈtɔːnəmənt/ /ˈtɝnəmənt/ /ˈtʊənəmənt/ /ˈtʊɹnəmənt/ n
turniej
series of games
(historical) series of battles

tourniquet /ˈtɔː.nɪ.keɪ/ /ˈtɝ.nɪ.keɪ/ /ˈtɝ.nɪ.kɪt/ /ˈtʊə.nɪ.keɪ/ /ˈtʊɚ.nɪ.kɪt/ n
opaska uciskowa staza
a tightly compressed bandage used to stop bleeding

tout /taʊt/ /tʌʊt/ n
naganiacz
someone advertising for customers in an aggressive way

tovarish /tɒˈvɑːɹɪʃ/ n
towarzysz towarzyszka
comrade, especially with reference to the former USSR

tow /taʊ/ /toʊ/ /təʊ/ n
pakuły
bundle of fibers

tow /toʊ/ /təʊ/ n
hol
cable used in towing
holowanie
act of towing

tow /toʊ/ /təʊ/ v
holować
pull something using a line

tow truck /ˈtoʊ.tɹʌk/ n
laweta
motor vehicle for towing

toward /to(ː)ɹd/ /toəd/ /tɔɹd/ /tɘˈwoːd/ /təˈwɔɹd/ /təˈwɔːd/ /ˈtwo(ː)ɹd/ /ˈtwoəd/ /ˈtwɔɹd/ preposition
koło
located near
ku do w kierunku w stronę
in the direction of
na
for the purpose of
o odnośnie
in relation to

towel /ˈtaʊ(ə)l/ [tʰæɒ̯ɫ] [tʰæɫ] [tʰɛjɔ̯ɫ] n
ręcznik
cloth used for wiping

tower /ˈtaʊ.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈtaʊɚ/ n
wieża
(figuratively) any item that is higher than it is wide
wieża baszta stołp
structure
wieża wieża boga
Tarot card

tower block n
blok
tall building

tower crane n
żuraw wieżowy
crane on a metal tower

tower of Babel n
wieża Babel
situation of confusion due to many languages

tower of silence /ˌtaʊɚ‿əv ˈsaɪl(ə)ns/ /ˌtaʊɚ‿əv ˈsaɪləns/ n
dakhma wieża milczenia
low, cylindrical open-topped tower where Zoroastrians place the bodies of deceased people to disintegrate

tower of strength n
opoka ostoja

town /taʊn/ [tʰaʊ̯n] n
miasto miasteczko
settlement

town council n
rada miejska
governing body

town councillor n
radna radny

town hall n
ratusz
a building that houses the local government offices of a town

town square n
plac
an open area in a town

town twinning n
miasta partnerskie
pairing of towns or cities

townlet n
miasteczko
a small town

townsman n
mieszczanin miastowy
male resident of a town

townsperson n
mieszczanin mieszczanka
inhabitant of a town

townswoman n
miastowa mieszczanka
woman resident of a town

towpath n
ścieżka holownicza
path alongside a canal or river

toxic /ˈtɑk.sɪk/ /ˈtɒk.sɪk/ adj
toksyczny
having a harmful chemical nature
hateful or strongly antipathetic
severely negative or harmful

toxic shock syndrome n
zespół wstrząsu toksycznego
acute infection

toxicological adj
toksykologiczny
of or pertaining to toxicology

toxicologist n
toksykolog
scientist or physician who speciality is toxicology

toxicology /ˌtɒksɪˈkɒləd͡ʒi/ n
toksykologia
scientific study of poisons and poisoning

toxicomania /ˌtɑksɪkoʊˈmeɪniə/ /ˌtɒksɪkəʊˈmeɪnɪə/ n
toksykomania
desire for intoxicants

toxicosis /ˌtɒksɪˈkəʊsɪs/ n
intoksykacja zatrucie
illness due to poisoning

toxin /ˈtɑksɪn/ /ˈtɒksɪn/ n
toksyna
a toxic or poisonous substance

toxoplasmosis /ˌtɒksəʊplæzˈməʊsɪs/ n
toksoplazmoza
disease caused by Toxoplasma gondii

toy /tɔɪ/ n
zabawka bawidło
something to play with

toy soldier n
żołnierzyk
toy soldier

toyshop n
sklep z zabawkami
shop that sells toys

trace /tɹeɪs/ [tʃɹeɪs] n
ślad
mark left as a sign of passage

trace /tɹeɪs/ [tʃɹeɪs] v
namierzać namierzyć
to follow the trail of

trachea /tɹəˈkiː.ə/ /ˈtɹeɪ.ki.ə/ n
tchawica
thin-walled, cartilaginous tube connecting the larynx to the bronchi

trachoma n
jaglica trachoma
infectious disease

track /tɹæk/ n
ślad tor
mark left by something that has passed along

track and field n
lekkoatletyka
group of athletic sports

track down v
wytropić
to search, hunt

track record n
historia
the past performance

trackbed /ˈtɹækbɛd/ n
podtorze
layer of gravel or other foundation on which a railway track is laid

tracker /ˈtɹækɚ/ n
tropiciel
agent noun of track

tracksuit n
dres dresy
garment

tract /tɹækt/ n
rozprawka
brief treatise

traction /ˈtɹæk.ʃən/ n
przyczepność
adhesive friction of a wheel etc on a surface
wyciąg
mechanically applied sustained pull, especially to a limb

traction engine n
lokomobila
steam engine

tractor /ˈtɹæktə/ /ˈtɹæktɚ/ n
traktor ciągnik
farm vehicle

tractor driver n
traktorzysta traktorzystka
one who drives a tractor

tractor unit n
ciągnik
road vehicle

tractrix n
traktrysa
curve

trade /tɹeɪd/ n
fach profesja zawód
skilled practice of an occupation
handel
buying and selling
transakcja
instance of buying or selling

trade fair n
targi
exhibition for a particular field

trade paper n
czasopismo branżowe gazeta branżowa

trade secret n
tajemnica przedsiębiorstwa
formula, practice, process, design

trade union n
związek zawodowy
organization

trade war n
wojna handlowa
practice of nations creating mutual tariffs

trade wind /ˈtɹeɪd ˈwɪnd/ n
pasat
steady wind

trade-off n
kompromis
situation in which one thing must be decreased for another to be increased

trader /ˈtɹeɪdə(ɹ)/ /ˈtɹeɪdɚ/ /ˈtɹeɪɾɚ/ n
handlarz kupiec
one who earns a living by trading

trading floor n
parkiet giełdowy

trading post n
faktoria
place where trading of goods takes place

tradition /tɹəˈdɪʃən/ n
tradycja
a part of culture that is passed from person to person or generation to generation

traditional /tɹəˈdɪʃnəl/ /tɹəˈdɪʃənəl/ adj
tradycyjny zwyczajowy
of or pertaining to tradition

traditionalism n
tradycjonalizm
adherence to traditional views
philosophical system which makes tradition the supreme criterion

traditionalist n
tradycjonalista tradycjonalistka
one who adheres to tradition

traditionally /tɹəˈdɪʃənli/ /tɹəˈdɪʃəˌnəli/ /tɹəˈdɪʃˌnəli/ [tɹəˈdɪˌʃn̩li] [tɹɪˈdɪˌʃn̩li] adv
tradycyjnie
traditional manner

traffic /ˈtɹæfɪk/ n
komunikacja ruch
exchange or flux of information, messages or data
ruch komunikacja ruch drogowy
pedestrians or vehicles on roads or on the air

traffic cone n
pachołek drogowy
cone-shaped marker

traffic island n
wysepka
stretch of raised concrete

traffic jam n
korek
situation in which all road traffic is stationary or very slow

traffic light n
sygnalizator świetlny sygnalizacja światła drogowe światło sygnalizacyjne
signalling device

traffic sign n
znak drogowy
sign for traffic control or driver information

trafficker n
handlarz przemytnik
someone who traffics (in anything)

tragacanth n
tragakanta tragant
milkvetch gum

tragedy /ˈtɹæd͡ʒɛdi/ /ˈtɹæd͡ʒɪdi/ n
tragedia
drama or similar work
genre of such works, and the art of producing them
tragedia bieda gorze nieszczęście
disastrous event, especially one involving great loss of life or injury

tragic /ˈtɹæd͡ʒɪk/ adj
tragiczny
causing great sadness
relating to tragedy

tragicomedy /ˌtɹædʒɪˈkɒmədi/ n
tragikomedia
drama that combines elements of tragedy and comedy

tragicomic adj
tragikomiczny
related to tragicomedy

trail /tɹeɪl/ n
ścieżka
route for travel over land
ślad trop
signs of something/someone has passed previously

trail /tɹeɪl/ v
śledzić tropić
follow behind

trail mix n
mieszanka studencka
a blend of foods for snacking on the go

trailer /ˈtɹeɪlə(ɹ)/ /ˈtɹeɪlɚ/ n
przyczepa campingowa przyczepa kempingowa
przyczepa naczepa trailer
unpowered wheeled vehicle that is towed behind another, and used to carry equipment, with the exception of a caravan
trailer zwiastun zapowiedź
preview of a film

train /tɹeɪn/ [t̠ɹ̠̊˔e̞ɪn] [t͡ʃɹeɪn] n
ciąg seria
series of electric pulses
ciąg łańcuch
series of events or ideas which are interconnected
orszak sznur świta
group of animals, vehicles, or people
pociąg
line of connected cars or carriages
tren
the elongated back portion of a dress or skirt which drags along the ground
tren ogon
that which is drawn along
układ zespół
set of interconnected mechanical parts

train /tɹeɪn/ [t̠ɹ̠̊˔e̞ɪn] [t͡ʃɹeɪn] v
przesuwać się
to proceed in sequence
trenować ćwiczyć
to improve one's fitness
to practice an ability
to teach a task
wycelować
to move (a gun) laterally so that it points in a different direction

train of thought n
tok myślenia
flow of thinking

trainee /tɹeɪˈni/ [tʃɹeɪˈni] n
praktykant praktykantka stażysta stażystka
someone being formally trained in a workplace

trainer /ˈtɹeɪnə/ /ˈtɹeɪnɚ/ n
adidas
running shoe
trenerka trener
person who trains another; coach

training /ˈtɹeɪnɪŋ/ n
trening ćwiczenie szkolenie zaprawa zaprawianie
the activity of imparting and acquiring skills

training wheel /ˈtreɪnɪŋ ˌ(h)wil/ /ˈtɹeɪnɪŋ wiːl/ n
boczne kółko
one of a pair of small wheels, each attached to one side of a bicycle’s rear wheel to provide support for new riders

training wheels /ˈtreɪnɪŋ ˌ(h)wilz/ /ˈtɹeɪnɪŋ wiːlz/ n
pomoc
anything designed to make something easier for a novice

trait /tɹeɪ/ /tɹeɪt/ n
cecha rys
an identifying characteristic, habit or trend

traitor /ˈtɹeɪtə(ɹ)/ /ˈtɹeɪtɚ/ [ˈtʰɹeɪɾɚ] n
zdrajca konfident sprzedawczyk zaprzaniec zdrajczyni
one who betrays; a betrayer

trajectory /tɹəˈd͡ʒɛktəɹɪ/ n
bieg
course of development
trajektoria bieg
path of a body

tram /tɹæm/ [tɹeəm] [tɹɛəm] [tɹɛːm] n
tramwaj bimba
passenger vehicle

tram driver n
motorniczy tramwajarz
driver of a tram

tram stop n
przystanek tramwajowy
stop for trams

tram-train n
tramwaj dwusystemowy
design of tram which can operate over standard railway track as well as tram track

tramp /tɹæmp/ n
tramp
homeless person

trample /ˈtɹæmpəl/ v
rozdeptywać
(transitive) to crush something by walking on it

trampoline /tɹæmpəˈliːn/ /ˈtɹæmpəliːn/ n
batut trampolina
gymnastic and recreational device
trampolina
looping or jumping instructions

trance /tɹæns/ /tɹɑːns/ n
trance
genre of electronic dance music
trans
state of low response to stimulus and diminished, narrow attention
such a state induced by hypnosis
dazed or unconscious condition

tranche /tɹænt͡ʃ/ /tɹæːnt͡ʃ/ /tɹɑːnʃ/ /tɹɑ̃nt͡ʃ/ /tɹɑ̃nʃ/ /tɹɑ̃ʃ/ v
transza
finance

tranquil /ˈtɹæŋ.kwɪl/ adj
cichy
calm; without motion or sound
spokojny
free from emotional disturbance

tranquilizer dart n
strzałka ze środkiem usypiającym
projectile used to immobilize an animal

trans-Neptunian object n
obiekt transneptunowy

transacetylase n
acetylotransferaza
transacetylase

transaction /tɹænˈzækʃən/ n
transakcja
computing: atomic operation
deal or business agreement
exchange or trade, as of ideas, money, goods, etc.
finance: transfer of funds into, out of, or from an account

transaminase /tɹænzˈæmɪneɪz/ n
aminotransferaza
biochemistry: any of a group of enzymes that catalyze transamination

transatlantic adj
transatlantycki
spanning or crossing the Atlantic

transcendental /ˌtɹænsɛnˈdɛntəl/ /ˌtɹænzɛnˈdɛntəl/ adj
przestępny
not algebraic; containing elements that are not algebraic

transcendental number n
liczba przestępna
irrational nonalgebraic number

transcendentalism n
transcendentalizm
a movement of writers and philosophers in New England in the 19th century
a philosophy which holds that reasoning is key to understanding reality

transclusion n
transkluzja
the inclusion of part of one hypertext document in another one by means of reference rather than copying

transcribe /trænˈskɹaɪb/ v
przepisywać transkrybować
linguistics: to represent speech by phonetic symbols

transcript /ˈtɹæn.skɹɪpt/ [ˈtʃɹʷanskɹʷɪp̚t] [ˈtʃɹʷænskɹʷɪp̚t] n
indeks
inventory of courses and grades
odpis
copy of any kind; an imitation
transkrypcja
something which has been transcribed
written version of what was said orally
transkrypt
molecule of RNA produced by transcription

transcription /tɹænˈskɹɪpʃən/ n
transkrypcja
in linguistics

transcriptome n
transkryptom
set of messenger RNA molecules

transducer /trænzˈdjuːsə(ɹ)/ /trænzˈdjuːsɚ/ n
przetwornik
device

transept /ˈtɹænsɛpt/ /ˈtɹɑːnsɛpt/ n
transept
transversal part of a church

transfeminism n
transfeminizm

transfer /tɹænsˈfɚ/ /tɹænsˈfɜː/ /tɹɑːnsˈfɜː/ /ˈtɹæns.fɚ/ /ˈtɹæns.fɜː/ /ˈtɹɑːns.fɜː/ n
przeniesienie
instance
przenoszenie
act

transfer /tɹænsˈfɚ/ /tɹænsˈfɜː/ /tɹɑːnsˈfɜː/ /ˈtɹæns.fɚ/ /ˈtɹæns.fɜː/ /ˈtɹɑːns.fɜː/ v
przenieść przenosić
to convey the impression of something from one surface to another
przenieść przenosić przepisać przepisywać
arrange for something to belong to or be controlled by somebody else
przenosić przenieść
to be or become transferred
to move or pass from one place, person or thing to another

transferase n
transferaza
enzyme which catalyses the transfer of a functional group

transferee n
przenoszony
person who is transferred

transfiguration n
przekształcenie przemienienie przeobrażenie transfiguracja
a major change in appearance or form; a metamorphosis

transfinite /tɹænsˈfaɪnaɪt/ adj
pozaskończony
relating to transfinite numbers

transform /tɹænsˈfɔɹm/ /tɹænsˈfɔːm/ /tɹɑːnsˈfɔːm/ /ˈtɹænsfɔɹm/ /ˈtɹænsfɔːm/ /ˈtɹɑːnsfɔːm/ v
przekształcać przeistaczać przemieniać przeobrażać transformować
change greatly the appearance or form of

transformation /ˌtɹæns.fɔɹˈmeɪ.ʃən/ /ˌtɹæns.fə(ɹ)ˈmeɪ.ʃən/ /ˌtɹæns.fɚˈmeɪ.ʃən/ n
przemiana przeobrażenie
marked change in appearance or character
transformacja
linguistics: rule that systematically converts one syntactic form into another
state of being transformed
transformacja przekształcenie
mathematical term
transformacja przekształcenie przemiana
act of transforming

transformative /trɑːnsˈfɔːmətɪv/ /tɹæns-/ /tɹænsˈfɔɹmətɪv/ [-ɾɪv] adj
transformacyjny
that causes transformation

transformer /tɹænsˈfɔɹmɚ/ /tɹænsˈfɔːmə/ /tɹɑːnsˈfɔːmə/ n
transformator
device that changes the characteristics of AC electricity
something that transforms

transgender /tɹanzˈd͡ʒɛn.də/ /tɹænzˈd͡ʒɛn.dɚ/ adj
transpłciowy
having a gender identity different from the sex one was assigned at birth
not identifying with culturally conventional gender roles

transgender /tɹanzˈd͡ʒɛn.də/ /tɹænzˈd͡ʒɛn.dɚ/ n
osoba transpłciowa
a transgender person

transgenderism n
transgenderism
The state of being transgender

transgenic /tɹanzˈdʒɛnɪk/ /tɹɑːnzˈdʒɛnɪk/ adj
transgeniczny
genetically modified

transgression /tɹænsˈɡɹɛʃən/ n
transgresja
relative rise in sea level resulting in deposition of marine strata over terrestrial strata
transgresja wykroczenie
act that goes beyond generally accepted boundaries

transhumanism n
transhumanizm
philosophy favoring the use of science and technology

transience n
przelotność
impermanence that suggests the inevitability of ending or dying

transistor n
tranzystor
solid-state semiconductor device, with three terminals
small portable radio

transistor radio n
tranzystor
a small radio having transistors

transit /ˈtɹæn.sət/ /ˈtɹæn.sɪt/ /ˈtɹæn.zət/ /ˈtɹæn.zɪt/ /ˈtɹɑːn.zɪt/ n
tranzyt
astronomy: passage of a celestial body
conveyance of people or goods from one place to another

transition /tɹænˈsɪʃ(ə)n/ /tɹænˈsɪʒən/ /tɹænˈzɪʃ(ə)n/ /tɹɑːnˈsɪʃ(ə)n/ /tɹɑːnˈsɪʒən/ /tɹɑːnˈzɪʃ(ə)n/ n
przejście przekształcenie
process of change from one form, state, style or place to another

transition state n
stan przejściowy

transitive /ˈtɹænzɪtɪv/ adj
przechodni
grammar, of a verb: taking an object or objects
set theory, of a relation on a set
of a graph
tranzytywny przechodni
of a group action

transitive verb n
czasownik przechodni
a verb that is accompanied by a direct object

transitivity /ˌtɹænzɪˈtɪvɪti/ n
przechodniość
the degree in which a verb can govern objects

transl. adj
tłum.
abbreviation of the equivalent of translated

transl. n
tłum.
abbreviation of the equivalent of translation
abbreviation of the equivalent of translator

transl. v
tłum.
abbreviation of the equivalent of translate

translatability n
przekładalność przetłumaczalność
property of being translatable; ability to be translated

translatable adj
przekładalny
capable of being transferred from one context or environment to another
przekładalny przetłumaczalny
capable of being translated into another language

translate /tɹæns-/ /tɹænz-/ /tɹænzˈleɪt/ /tɹɑːns-/ /tɹɑːnzˈleɪt/ /ˈtɹæns-/ /ˈtɹænzˌleɪt/ /ˈtɹɛnz.læɪt/ [ˈtʃɹʷɛ̃nzɫæe̯ʔ(t)] v
przesuwać po prostej
to subject (a body) to linear motion with no rotation
tłumaczyć przekładać przetłumaczyć przełożyć
to change spoken words or written text from one language to another

translation /tɹæn(t)sˈleɪʃ(ə)n/ /tɹæns-/ /tɹænzˈleɪʃ(ə)n/ /tɹɑːns-/ /tɹɑːnz-/ n
przekład
conversion of something from one form to another
translacja przesunięcie
math, physics: motion without deformation or rotation
tłumaczenie przekład
act of translating between languages
result of translating between languages

translation dictionary n
słownik z przetłumaczeniami
dictionary that provides translations between two or more languages

translation studies n
przekładoznawstwo traduktologia translatologia translatoryka
study of theory and practice of translating and interpreting

translational /tɹænzˈleɪʃənəl/ adj
przekładowy
relating to the act of translating text etc. from one language to another

translator /ˈtɹanzleɪtə/ /ˈtɹænsleɪtɚ/ /ˈtɹænzleɪtɚ/ /ˈtɹɑːnzleɪtə/ /ˌtɹænsˈleɪtɚ/ /ˌtɹænzˈleɪtɚ/ [ˌtʰɹænzˈleɪtʰɚ] [ˌtʰɹænzˈleɪɾɚ] n
translator tłumacz
machine translator
tłumacz tłumaczka translator translatorka
someone who translates

transliterate /tɹænzˈlɪtəɹeɪt/ v
transliterować
to represent letters or words in the characters of another alphabet or script

transliteration /ˌtɹænzlɪtəˈɹeɪʃən/ n
transliteracja
product of transliterating

translucent /tɹænz.ˈlu.sənt/ /tɹænz.ˈluː.sənt/ adj
jasny przejrzysty
clear, lucid, or transparent
przeświecający półprzezroczysty
allowing light to pass through, but diffusing it

transmissible adj
zaraźliwy
contagious

transmissible spongiform encephalopathy n
zakaźna encefalopatia gąbczasta
any fatal, degenerative disease transmitted by prions

transmitter n
nadajnik
electronic device
przekaźnik
one who or that which transmits something

transnational adj
transnarodowy
between or beyond national boundaries

transoceanic /ˌtɹæn.zəʊ.ʃiˈæn.ɪk/ adj
transoceaniczny
crossing an ocean
transoceaniczny zaoceaniczny
beyond or on the other side of an ocean

transom /ˈtɹæn.səm/ n
pawęż
nautical: transverse structural member

transparency /-ˈpæɹənsi/ /tɹænsˈpæɹənsi/ /tɹænsˈpɛɹənsi/ /tɹænz-/ /tɹænzˈpæɹənsi/ n
przezroczystość przejrzystość
quality of being transparent; transparence

transparent /tɹæn(t)sˈpæɹənt/ /tɹæn(t)sˈpɛɹənt/ /tɹænz-/ /tɹænzˈpæɹənt/ adj
jasny oczywisty
obvious
otwarty transparentny
open, publicly visible
przezroczysty ażurowy bezbarwny przejrzysty
see-through, clear

transparently adv
ażurowo przezroczyście
in a transparent manner

transpersonal adj
transpersonalny
transcends the personal

transphobia n
transfobia
fear or hatred of transgender and transsexual people and/or of transness

transplant /tɹænzˈplænt/ /tɹænzˈplɑːnt/ /tɹɑːnzˈplɑːnt/ /ˈtɹænzplænt/ /ˈtɹænzplɑːnt/ /ˈtɹɑːnzplɑːnt/ n
przesadzenie
act of uprooting and moving
przeszczep
medicine: organ/tissue transplanted
przeszczep transplantacja
medicine: operation

transplant /tɹænzˈplænt/ /tɹænzˈplɑːnt/ /tɹɑːnzˈplɑːnt/ /ˈtɹænzplænt/ /ˈtɹænzplɑːnt/ /ˈtɹɑːnzplɑːnt/ v
przesadzać przesadzić
uproot and replant (a plant)
przesiedlać przesiedlić
resettle or relocate (something)
przeszczepiać przeszczepić
medicine: transfer (tissue/organ)

transplantation n
przeszczep transplantacja
A surgical operation

transport /tɹænsˈpo(ː)ɹt/ /tɹænsˈpoət/ /tɹænsˈpɔɹt/ /tɹænsˈpɔːt/ /tɹɑːnˈspɔːt/ /ˈtɹæns.po(ː)ɹt/ /ˈtɹæns.poət/ /ˈtɹæns.pɔɹt/ /ˈtɹæns.pɔːt/ /ˈtɹɑːnspɔːt/ n
transport
vehicle used to transport passengers, mail or freight
transport przewóz
act of transporting
transporter
military: vehicle used to transport troops

transport /tɹænsˈpo(ː)ɹt/ /tɹænsˈpoət/ /tɹænsˈpɔɹt/ /tɹænsˈpɔːt/ /tɹɑːnˈspɔːt/ /ˈtɹæns.po(ː)ɹt/ /ˈtɹæns.poət/ /ˈtɹæns.pɔɹt/ /ˈtɹæns.pɔːt/ /ˈtɹɑːnspɔːt/ v
przewozić
carry or bear from one place to another
zsyłać
historical: deport to a penal colony

transportation /tɹænspɔːˈteɪʃən/ /tɹænspɚˈteɪʃən/ n
transport przewiezienie
act of transporting
zesłanie
deportation to a penal colony
środek transportu
means of conveyance

transposing adj
transponujący
written in a different pitch to how it sounds

transposition n
przemiana transpozycja
act or process of transposing or interchanging
transpozycja
shift of a piece of music to a different musical key

transposon n
transpozon
segment of DNA that can move to a different position within a genome, or to another genome

transsexual /tɹæn(z)ˈsɛksjuəl/ /tɹæn(z)ˈsɛkʃuəl/ adj
transseksualny
being a transsexual

transsexual /tɹæn(z)ˈsɛksjuəl/ /tɹæn(z)ˈsɛkʃuəl/ n
transseksualista transseksualistka
person whose gender identity did not match his/her birth sex, and who therefore is changing or has changed sex

transsexuality n
transseksualizm
the state, condition, or properties of being transsexual

transsexually adv
transseksualnie
in a transsexual way

transtheism n
transteizm
belief

transubstantiation n
transsubstancjacja przeistoczenie
Roman Catholic dogma

transverse /tɹansˈvɜːs/ /tɹanzˈvɜːs/ /tɹænsˈvɝs/ /tɹænzˈvɝs/ /tɹɑːnsˈvɜːs/ /tɹɑːnzˈvɜːs/ /ˈtɹans.vɜːs/ /ˈtɹanz.vɜːs/ /ˈtɹænsˌvɝs/ /ˈtɹænzˌvɝs/ /ˈtɹɑːns.vɜːs/ /ˈtɹɑːnz.vɜːs/ adj
poprzeczny
lying across

transverse colon n
poprzecznica
part of colon

transvestic adj
transwestytyczny
relating to transvestism

transvestism n
transwestytyzm
condition of being a transvestite

transvestite /tɹænzˈvɛstaɪt/ n
transwestyta transwestytka
cross-dresser

trap /tɹæp/ [t̠ɹ̠̊˔ap] [t̠ɹ̠̊˔äp] [t̠ɹ̠̊˔æp] [t̠ɹ̠̊˔ɛp] n
dwukółka
(historical) light two-wheeled carriage with springs
gęba
slang: mouth
klapa właz
covering over a hole or opening; trapdoor
pułapka matnia potrzask zapadnia
device designed to catch or kill animals
pułapka zasadzka
trick or arrangement designed to catch someone in a more general sense
syfon
bend, sag, or other device in a waste-pipe to prevent the escape of noxious gases
place in a water pipe, pump, etc., where air accumulates for want of an outlet
trap
kind of movable stepladder

trap /tɹæp/ [t̠ɹ̠̊˔ap] [t̠ɹ̠̊˔äp] [t̠ɹ̠̊˔æp] [t̠ɹ̠̊˔ɛp] v
łapać
to catch in a trap or traps

trapdoor /ˈtræpdɔɹ/ /ˈtræpdɔː/ n
klapa
door set into floor or ceiling
zapadnia
similar door on a stage

trapeze /tɹəˈpiːz/ n
trapez
swinging horizontal bar

trapezium /tɹæˈpi.zi.əm/ /tɹəˈpiː.zi.əm/ n
trapez
polygon with two parallel sides
trapezoid
polygon with no parallel sides and no equal sides

trapezohedron n
wielościan z trapezoidów
polyhedron whose faces are kites

trapped adj
schwytany złowiony
caught in a trap

trapper /ˈtɹæpɚ/ n
traper traperka
one who traps animals

trappings n
rząd uprząż
ornamental coverings or harnesses for a horse

trash /tɹæʃ/ n
śmieci
things to be discarded

trashfire n
ogień śmieciowy
fire resulting from trash burning

trashpaper n
odrzucony papier

trauma /ˈtɹaʊ.mə/ /ˈtɹɑ.mə/ /ˈtɹɒ.mə/ /ˈtɹɔ.mə/ /ˈtɹɔː.mə/ n
trauma uraz psychiczny
emotional wound
uraz trauma
serious injury to the body

traumatic /tɹɔːˈmætɪk/ adj
traumatyczny
of, caused by, or causing trauma

travel /ˈtɹævəl/ n
podróż
act of traveling
podróże
plural: series of journeys

travel /ˈtɹævəl/ v
podróżować jeździć
be on a journey
przemierzać
travel throughout
przemieszczać się podróżować
pass from here to there; transmit

travel agency n
biuro podróży
company

travel insurance n
ubezpieczenie podróżne ubezpieczenie podróży ubezpieczenie turystyczne

traveler's diarrhea n
klątwa faraona zemsta faraona

traveling /ˈtɹæv.lɪŋ/ /ˈtɹæv.ə.lɪŋ/ n
podróżowanie
action of travelling

traveller /ˈtɹævlə/ /ˈtɹævl̩ɚ/ /ˈtɹævələ/ /ˈtɹævəlɚ/ n
podróżniczka podróżnik
one who travels

travelling /ˈtɹæv.lɪŋ/ /ˈtɹæv.ə.lɪŋ/ n
podróżowanie
action of travelling

travelling salesman n
komiwojażer
itinerant salesperson

travelling salesman problem n
problem komiwojażera
mathematical problem

traverse /tɹəˈvɜːs/ /tɹəˈvɝs/ /ˈtɹævəs/ /ˈtɹævɚs/ v
trawersować
to travel across, often under difficult conditions

travertine /ˈtɹavətɪn/ n
trawertyn
form of concretionary limestone or calcite

travesty /ˈtɹæv.əs.ti/ /ˈtɹæv.ɪs.ti/ n
trawestacja
A parody or stylistic imitation.

trawler n
trawler
fishing boat

tray /tɹeɪ/ n
taca tacka
object on which things are carried
tacka zasobnik
notification area in a computer's graphical user interface

treacherous /ˈtɹɛt͡ʃəɹəs/ /ˈtɹɛt͡ʃɹəs/ adj
zdradziecki
exhibiting treachery

treacle /ˈtɹiː.ku/ /ˈtɹiː.kəl/ /ˈtɹiː.kɯ/ n
melasa
molasses or golden syrup

tread /tɹɛd/ n
bieżnik
grooves in a sole
grooves in tire
krok
step

tread /tɹɛd/ v
deptać podeptać zdeptać
to beat with one's feet; to trample
nadepnąć nastąpić stąpać
to step on

tread the boards /ˌtɹɛd ðə ˈboɹdz/ /ˌtɹɛd ðə ˈbɔːdz/ v
aktorować wystąpić na deskach występować na deskach
to work as an theatre actor

tread water v
stać w miejscu
to make no progress

treadle /ˈtɹɛdl̩/ n
człapień pedał
pedal or lever

treadmill /ˈtɹɛd.mɪl/ n
bieżnia
piece of indoor sporting equipment

treason /ˈtɹiː.zən/ n
kolaboracja
providing aid and comfort to the enemy
zdrada
crime of betraying one’s country

treasure /ˈtɹɛʒə/ /ˈtɹɛʒɚ/ /ˈt͡ʃɹɛʒɚ/ n
skarb
collection of valuable things
any single thing one values greatly
term of endearment

treasure hunt n
poszukiwanie skarbu
search for a treasure (real, not a game)

treasure trove n
znalezisko
hidden treasure, subsequently discovered

treasurer /ˈtɹɛʒəɹɚ/ n
skarbniczka skarbnik
official entrusted with the funds and revenues of an organisation
skarbnik
government official in charge of the Treasury

treasury /ˈtɹɛʒ.ə.ɹi/ /ˈtɹɛʒ.ɚ.i/ n
skarbiec
place where state or royal money and valuables are stored
skarbiec skarbnica
place where treasure is stored safely

treat /tɹiːt/ [tɹiːt] [t͡ʃɹiːt] n
niespodzianka
an unexpected gift, event etc., which provides great pleasure
smaczek
a snack food item designed to be given to pets

treat /tɹiːt/ [tɹiːt] [t͡ʃɹiːt] v
częstować gościć poczęstować ugaszczać ugościć
to entertain with food or drink
leczyć uzdrawiać uzdrowić wyleczyć
to care for medicinally or surgically
potraktować traktować
to subject to a chemical or other action
traktować potraktować
to handle, deal with or behave towards in a specific way

treat like dirt v
potraktować jak śmieci traktować jak śmieci

treatise /ˈtɹiːtɪs/ /ˈtɹiːtɪz/ n
traktat
systematic discourse on some subject

treatment /ˈtɹiːtmənt/ n
leczenie
medical care for an illness or injury
traktowanie
process or manner of treating

treaty /-ɾi/ /ˈtɹiti/ /ˈtɹiːti/ /ˈtɹiːəti/ n
umowa traktat
formal binding agreement concluded by subjects of international law

treble clef n
klucz skrzypcowy klucz wiolinowy
music symbol

trebuchet /ˈtɹɛb.ju.ʃeɪ/ /ˈtɹɛb.juˌʃɛt/ /ˈtɹɛb.jə.ʃeɪ/ /ˈtɹɛb.jəˌʃeɪ/ /ˈtɹɛbəʃɛt/ n
trebusz
trebuchet

tree /tɹiː/ [tɹiː] [t͡ʃɹiː] n
drzewo
large woody plant
(computing theory) recursive data structure
(graph theory) graph tree with no cycles
(graphical user interface) tree list
pole with storage hooks
prawidło
shoe tree

tree frog n
rzekotka drzewna
frog of the family Hylidae

tree hollow n
dziupla
tree hollow

tree kangaroo n
drzewiak

tree pipit n
świergotek drzewny
Anthus trivialis

tree sparrow n
mazurek
Passer montanus

tree trunk n
pień
the main structural member of a tree

treebank /ˈtɹiː.bæŋk/ n
bank drzew
database of trees

treecreeper n
pełzacz

treehouse /ˈtɹiːˌhaʊs/ n
domek na drzewie
a house within a tree

treeless adj
bezdrzewny
having no trees

treelessly adv
bezdrzewnie

treelessness n
bezdrzewność
treenessness

treelet n
drzewko
a small tree

treestand n
ambona
hunting stand

trefoil /ˈtɹiː.fɔɪl/ /ˈtɹɛ.fɔɪl/ n
koniczyna
plant
trójliść
symbol

trekking n
trekking
Walking, hiking

trellis /ˈtɹɛlɪs/ n
trejaż treliaż
An outdoor garden frame which can be used to grow vines or other climbing plants

trematode /ˈtrɛm.ə.təʊd/ /ˈtrɛm.əˌtoʊd/ n
przywra

tremble /ˈtɹɛmbl̩/ v
drżeć
to shake

tremor /ˈtɹiːmə(ɹ)/ /ˈtɹɛmə/ /ˈtɹɛmɚ/ /ˈtɹɪmɚ/ n
drżenie
shake, quiver, or vibration
drżenie tremor
uncontrollable bodily shaking
wstrząs
earthquake

tremor /ˈtɹiːmə(ɹ)/ /ˈtɹɛmə/ /ˈtɹɛmɚ/ /ˈtɹɪmɚ/ v
drżeć
to shake or quiver; to tremble

trench /t(ʃ)ɹɛnt͡ʃ/ /t(ʃ)ɹɛnʃ/ n
okop rów
long, narrow ditch or hole
okop rów transzeja
military excavation

trench foot n
stopa immersyjna stopa okopowa
medical condition

trench warfare n
wojna pozycyjna
warfare in which opposing sides occupy trenches

trend /tɹɛnd/ n
tendencja trend
inclination in a direction
trend
a fad

trendsetter n
trendsetter trendsetterka
someone who starts a trend, or makes one more popular

trendy /ˈtɹɛndi/ adj
trendy
in accordance with the latest trend

trepanation /tɹɛpəˈneɪʃən/ n
trepanacja
practice of drilling a hole in the skull

trepidation /ˌtɹɛp.ɪˈdeɪ.ʃən/ n
obawa trwoga
fearful state

treshchotka n
kołatka
an old Russian percussion instrument

trey /tɹeɪ/ n
dryja
score

treyf /tɹeɪf/ adj
trefny
not kosher

tri- /tɹaɪ/ prefix
trój-
three

triacontadigon n
32[[kąt|-okąt]] wielokąt z trzydziestoma dwoma kątami
32-sided polygon

triacontagon n
30[[kąt|-okąt]]
geometry

triacontahedron n
30[[ściana|-ościan]]
polyhedron with 30 faces

triacontane n
triakontan

triacontatetragon n
34-okąt
34-sided polygon

trial /ˈtɹaɪəl/ [tɹaɪəl] [t͡ʃɹaɪəl] adj
próbny
attempted on a provisional or experimental basis
pertaining to a trial or test

trial /ˈtɹaɪəl/ [tɹaɪəl] [t͡ʃɹaɪəl] n
próba test
chance to test something out
rozprawa proces
meeting in a court of law

trial and error n
metoda prób i błędów
solution by learning from mistakes

trial balloon /ˌtɹaɪəl bəˈlun/ /ˌtɹaɪəl bəˈluːn/ n
balon próbny
idea, suggestion, etc., offered to test whether it generates acceptance or interest

trial by fire n
próba ognia
idiomatic: any ordeal which tests one's strength, endurance, or resolve

trialogue n
rozmowa trójstronna
discourse or colloquy by three people
meeting (European Union)

triangle /ˈtɹaɪəŋɡəl/ /ˈtɹaɪˌæŋɡəl/ n
trójkąt
polygon
percussion instrument

triangle inequality pn
nierówność trójkąta
the triangle inequality

triangular /tɹaɪˈaɪŋ.ɡjʊ.lɚ/ /tɹaɪˈæŋ.ɡjə.lə/ /tɹaɪˈæŋ.ɡjə.lɚ/ /tɹaɪˈæŋ.ɡjʊ.lə/ adj
trójkątny
shaped like a triangle
trójkątowy
of or pertaining to triangles

triangular number n
liczba trójkątna
an integer which is the sum of n natural numbers

triangularly adv
trójkątnie

triangulation /tɹʌɪaŋɡjʊˈleɪʃn̩/ /ˌtɹaɪˌæŋɡjəˈleɪʃən/ n
triangulacja
surveying technique

triathlon /tɹaɪˈæθlɒn/ /tɹaɪˈæθəˌlɑn/ /tɹaɪˈæθˌlɑn/ n
triathlon triatlon
athletics event in which contestants compete in swimming, cycling and running

tribe /tɹaɪb/ n
plemię ród
group of people

tribemate n
plemiennik

tribesman n
plemiennik
member of a tribe

triboluminescence n
tryboluminescencja
production of light by friction

tribulation /ˌtɹɪbjəˈleɪ̯ʃən/ /ˌtɹɪbjʊˈleɪ̯ʃən/ n
czas próby nieszczęście ucisk
adversity

tribunal /tɹaɪˈbjunəl/ /tɹaɪˈbjuːnəl/ /tɹəˈbjunəl/ /tɹɪˈbjuːnəl/ n
trybunał sąd
assembly including one or more judges to conduct judicial business

tribune /tɹɪˈbjuːn/ /ˈtɹɪbjuːn/ n
trybun
elected official in Ancient Rome
trybun rzecznik
protector of the people
trybuna
place or an opportunity to speak; platform

tribune of the plebs n
trybun ludowy

tributary /ˈtɹɪbjʊtəɹi/ n
dopływ
stream which flows into a larger one

tribute /ˈtɹɪbjuːt/ n
danina trybut
payment made by one nation to another in submission
payment made by a feudal vassal to his lord
hołd wyrazy uznania
acknowledgment of gratitude, respect or admiration; an accompanying gift

tricameralism n
trikameralizm
tricameralism

tricenarian n
trzydziestolatek trzydziestolatka
a person between age thirty and thirty-nine

triceratops /tɹaɪˈsɛɹətɒps/ n
triceratops
Triceratops

trichinosis /tɹɪkəˈnoʊsɪs/ n
włośnica
disease caused by trichinae

trichology /tɹʌɪˈkɒləd͡ʒi/ n
trychologia
knowledge or study of hair

trichomoniasis n
rzęsistkowica
disease

trichotillomania n
trichotillomania
disorder

trick /tɹɪk/ [tʃɹ̠̊ɪk] [t̠ʰɹ̠̊ɪk] n
chwyt fortel sposób sztuczka trik
effective, clever or quick way of doing something
lewa wziątka
winning sequence in cards

trick or treat interjection
cukierek albo psikus
a request for candy tied to an unstated light-hearted threat

trick question n
podchwytliwe pytanie
misleading question

tricky /ˈtɹɪk.i/ adj
podchwytliwy
hard to deal with

tricolour /ˈtraɪˌkʌlə/ /ˈtraɪˌkʌlɚ/ /ˈtrɪkələ, -lɔː/ adj
trójkolorowy trójbarwny
having three colors

tricolour /ˈtraɪˌkʌlə/ /ˈtraɪˌkʌlɚ/ /ˈtrɪkələ, -lɔː/ n
trójkolorowy flaga trójkolorowa
A flag with three stripes of different colours

tricot /ˈtɹikoʊ/ n
trykot
soft knit fabric

tricycle /ˈtɹaɪsɪkəl/ /ˈtɹaɪˌsɪkəl/ n
trycykl
cycle with three wheels

tridactyl adj
trójpalczasty

tridecagon n
trzynastokąt
geometry

tridecagonal adj
mający trzynaście kątów
having thirteen sides and thirteen angles

tridecahedron n
trzynastościan

tridecane n
tridekan
organic compound

trident /ˈtɹaɪ̯dənt/ n
trójząb
three-pronged spear

triduum /ˈtraɪ.dju.əm/ /ˈtɹɪ.dju.əm/ n
triduum
a period of three days

tridymite n
trydymit
mineral

triennial /tɹaɪˈɛniəl/ adj
cotrzyletni
happening every three years
trzyletni
lasting for three years

triennium /traɪˈɛniəm/ /trʌɪˈɛnɪəm/ n
trzylecie
period of three years

triexponential adj
[[trzy-]]wykładniczy

trifle /ˈtɹaɪfəl/ n
bagatela drobiazg betka bzdet błahostka fraszka
thing of little importance or worth

trifoliate /tɹaɪˈfəʊlɪət/ adj
trójlistkowy trójlistny
having three leaves

trifunctional adj
trzyfunkcyjny
exhibiting 3 functional groups

trigger /ˈtɹɪɡə/ /ˈtɹɪɡɚ/ n
cyngiel spust
finger-operated lever used to fire a gun
spust
spust wyzwalacz
similar device used to activate any mechanism
wyzwalacz
SQL procedure

trigger /ˈtɹɪɡə/ /ˈtɹɪɡɚ/ v
pociągać za spust
to fire a weapon
powodować wywoływać
to initiate something
powodować wyzwalać
to spark a response, especially a negative emotional response, in (someone)

triggerfish n
rogatnica
fish

trigonometric /ˌtɹɪɡ ə nəˈmɛ tɹɪk/ adj
trygonometryczny
of or relating to trigonometry

trigonometric function n
funkcja trygonometryczna
a function of an angle

trigonometric identity n
tożsamość trygonometryczna

trigonometry /ˌtɹɪɡəˈnɒmətɹi/ n
trygonometria
branch of mathematics

trigraph n
trójznak
sequence of three letters

trihedron n
trójścian
geometric figure

trilingual adj
trzyjęzyczny trójjęzyczny
able to read or speak three languages
expressed or written in three languages

trilingualism n
trzyjęzyczność trójjęzyczność
the speaking of three languages

trill /tɹɪl/ [t̠ʰɹ̠̊ɪl] n
spółgłoska drżąca
vibrating consonant
tryl trel
rapid alternation of notes

trillion /ˈtɹɪljən/ numeral
bilion
a million million, 1012
trylion
a million million million, 1018

trillionaire /ˌtɹɪl.i.əˈnɛə(ɹ)/ /ˌtɹɪl.jəˈnɛɚ/ n
bilioner
somebody whose wealth is greater than 1012

trillionth /ˈtɹɪl.i.ənθ/ adj
bilionowy

trilobite /ˈtɹaɪ.ləˌbaɪt/ n
trylobit
member of the class Trilobita

trilogy /ˈtɹɪləd͡ʒi/ n
trylogia trójksiąg
collection of three works

trim /tɹɪm/ [t̠ʰɹ̠̊ɪm] v
trymować
to adjust sails

trimaran n
trimaran trzykadłubowiec
type of boat

trimester /tɹ(a)ɪˈmɛs.tə(ɹ)/ /tɹaɪˈmɛs.tɚ/ /ˈtɹ(a)ɪ.mɛs.tə(ɹ)/ /ˈtɹaɪ.mɛs.tɚ/ n
trymestr
period of three months
term of academic year

trinitarianism n
trynitarianizm trynitaryzm
doctrine of three persons or hypostases in one Godhead

trinitrotoluene n
trotyl
a highly explosive yellow crystalline substance

trinity /ˈtɹɪnɪti/ n
trójca trójjedność
group or set of three people or things

trinket /ˈtɹɪŋkət/ /ˈtɹɪŋkɪt/ n
błyskotka
a small showy ornament or piece of jewelry

trinomial n
trójmian
an expression consisting of three terms

trio /ˈtɹi.əʊ/ /ˈtɹioʊ/ n
tercet trio
group of three people or things
trio
a piece of music written for three musicians
trio tercet
group of three musicians

triolet /ˈtriːə(ʊ)lɛt/ /ˈtrʌɪəlɛt/ n
triolet
An eight-line poem

trip /tɹɪp/ n
haj kop odjazd odlot odurzenie trip
period of time in which one experiences drug-induced reverie or hallucinations
podróż wycieczka
journey
potknięcie
stumble or misstep

trip /tɹɪp/ v
być na haju latać mieć odlot
to experience a state of reverie or to hallucinate

tripartite /tɹaɪˈpɑɹtaɪt/ /tɹaɪˈpɑːtaɪt/ adj
trzyczęściowy trójstronny
done by three parties
trójdzielny
in three parts

tripartition n
roztrojenie
division

tripe /tɹaɪp/ n
chałtura szmira wypociny
something valueless
flak wnętrzności
entrails
flaki
stomach lining of animal for food

triphosphate n
trójfosforan
any salt or ester containing three phosphate groups

triphthong /ˈtɹɪfˌθɑŋ/ /ˈtɹɪfˌθɒŋ(ɡ)/ /ˈtɹɪfˌθɔŋ/ /ˈtɹɪpˌθɑŋ/ /ˈtɹɪpˌθɒŋ(ɡ)/ /ˈtɹɪpˌθɔŋ/ n
tryftong trójgłoska
monosyllabic vowel combination involving movement from one vowel to another

triplane n
trójpłat trójpłatowiec
airplane that has three pairs of wings

triple /ˈtɹɪp.l̩/ /ˈtɹɪpəl/ adj
potrójny
made up of three related elements
having three aspects
three times the quantity
composed of three layers
trzyosobowy
designed for three users

triple /ˈtɹɪp.l̩/ /ˈtɹɪpəl/ n
potrojenie
Three times or triple the number, amount, size, etc

triple /ˈtɹɪp.l̩/ /ˈtɹɪpəl/ v
potrajać potroić troić
to multiply by three

triple jump n
trójskok
athletics field event

triple jumper n
trójskoczek trójskoczkini
athlete who competes in the triple jump

triple point n
punkt potrójny
the temperature and pressure at which a substance is in equilibrium

triplet /ˈtɹɪ.pə.lɛt/ /ˈtɹɪplət/ n
trojaczek
one of three siblings born at the same time of the same mother

triplicate /ˈtɹɪp.lɪ.keɪt/ /ˈtɹɪp.lɪ.kət/ n
tryplikat trzecia kopia
each of a set of three identical objects

triplicate /ˈtɹɪp.lɪ.keɪt/ /ˈtɹɪp.lɪ.kət/ v
potroić
to triple
wykonać w trzech egzemplarzach
to make three copies

tripod /ˈtɹaɪpɑd/ /ˈtɹaɪpɒd/ n
statyw trójnóg tripod
a three-legged stand or mount

triptych /ˈtɹɪptɪk/ n
tryptyk
art: a picture or series of pictures painted on three tablets connected by hinges

trireme /ˈtɹaɪ.ɹiːm/ n
trirema tryrema
galley with three banks of oars

trisect v
roztrajać roztroić
to cut into three pieces

trisomic adj
trójchromosomowy
having three copies of a chromosome

trisomy 21 n
trisomia 21
syndrome

tritheism n
tryteizm
belief in three gods
form of Christianity that denies the Trinity

triticale /ˌtɹɪtɪˈkeɪli/ n
pszenżyto
grain crop
any particular variety of triticale

tritium /ˈtrɪʃi.əm/ /ˈtɹɪti.əm/ n
tryt
radioactive isotope of hydrogen

triton n
tryton
tritium nucleus

tritone /ˈtɹaɪˌtoʊn/ /ˈtɹaɪˌtəʊ̯n/ [ˈt̠ɹ̠̊˔ʷaɪˌtʰoʊ̯n] [ˈt̠͡ʃɹ̠̊˔ʷäɪˌtʰoʊ̯n] n
tryton
an interval of three whole tones

triumph /ˈtɹaɪ.əmf/ /ˈtɹaɪ.ʌmf/ n
triumf tryumf
conclusive success; victory; conquest

triumphal arch n
łuk triumfalny
monumental arch that commemorates a victory

triumphalism n
triumfalizm
attitude

triumvirate /tɹaɪ.ˈʌm.vəɹ.ɪt/ n
triumwirat
a ruling group of three

triune adj
trójjedyny
both three and one at the same time

trivalent /traɪˈveɪlənt/ adj
trójwartościowy
having a valence of three

trivia /ˈtɹɪvi.ə/ n
ciekawostka
insignificant trifles of little importance

trivial /ˈtɹɪv.i.əl/ adj
trywialny
common, ordinary
trywialny bagatelny błahy
of little significance or value

triviality /ˌtɹɪviˈæləti/ n
bagatela
something trivial
bagatelność błahość
quality of being trivial

trivially adv
bagatelnie błaho
in a trivial manner

trocar /ˈtɹəʊkɑː(ɹ)/ n
trokar
medical instrument

trochanter n
krętarz
anatomy:end of femur
second segment of the leg of some arthropods

trochee /ˈtɹəʊki/ n
trochej
a metrical foot

troglodyte /ˈtɹɒɡlədaɪt/ /ˈtɹɒɡləʊdaɪt/ /ˈt͡ʃɹɑɡloʊdaɪt/ /ˈt͡ʃɹɑɡlədaɪt/ n
troglodyta
reclusive or out-of-date person

troika /ˈtɹɔɪ.kə/ n
trojka trójka
carriage

troll /tɹoʊl/ /tɹɑl/ /tɹɒl/ /tɹəʊl/ n
troll
giant supernatural being; grotesque humanoid creature living in caves or hills or under bridges
person who makes or posts inflammatory or insincere statements in an attempt to lure others into combative argument
person who sows discord, or spreads misinformation or propaganda, in order to promote an agenda as part of an organized political campaign

troll /tɹoʊl/ /tɹɑl/ /tɹɒl/ /tɹəʊl/ v
strollować trollować
(transitive, intransitive) to make or post inflammatory or insincere statements in an attempt to lure (someone) into combative argument

trolley n
wózek suwnicowy
crane trolley

trolley bus n
trolejbus
bus powered via overhead electric cables

trolling /tɹoʊlɪŋ/ /tɹɒlɪŋ/ /tɹəʊlɪŋ/ n
trolling
an instance of trolling - provoking others

trombone /tɹəmˈboʊn/ /tɹəmˈbəʊn/ /ˌtɹɑmˈboʊn/ /ˌtɹɒmˈbəʊn/ n
puzon
a musical instrument in the brass family

trombonist /tɹɑmˈboʊ.nɪst/ /tɹɒmˈbəʊ.nɪst/ n
puzonista puzonistka
person who plays the trombone

trompe l'oeil /-ˈleɪ/ /ˈtɹɔmp ˈlɔɪ/ /ˈtɹɔ̃p ˈlœj/ n
trompe l’oeil
genre of still life painting
painting of this kind

troop /tɹup/ /tɹuːp/ n
oddział
military forces

trophy /ˈtɹoʊfi/ /ˈtɹəʊfi/ n
trofeum
object rewarding success

tropic /ˈtɹɒpɪk/ n
zwrotnik
either of the two parallels

tropical /ˈtɹoʊ.pɪ.kəl/ /ˈtɹɑ.pɪ.kəl/ /ˈtɹɒp.ɪ.kəl/ /ˈtɹəʊ.pɪ.kəl/ /ˈt͡ʃɹɒp.ɪ.kəl/ adj
tropikalny
from or similar to a hot humid climate
tropikalny zwrotnikowy
of or pertaining to the tropics

tropical storm n
burza tropikalna
cyclone

tropicamide /tɹəʊˈpɪk.ə.mʌɪd/ /tɹəˈpɪk.əˌmaɪd/ n
tropikamid
drug used to produce dilation of the pupil

tropicbird /ˈtɹɒ.pɪkˌbɜɹd/ n
faeton

tropics n
tropiki
region of the Earth

troposphere n
troposfera
lower levels of the atmosphere

trot /tɹɑt/ /tɹɒt/ n
kłus
gait of an animal between walk and canter

trot /tɹɑt/ /tɹɒt/ v
kłusować pokłusować
walk rapidly

troubadour n
trubadur
an itinerant performer of songs

trouble /ˈtɹə-/ /ˈtɹʌb(ə)l/ n
kłopoty bieda nieprzyjemność przykrość
distressful or dangerous situation
problem kłopot trudność
difficulty
trud
effort

trouble /ˈtɹə-/ /ˈtɹʌb(ə)l/ v
dokuczać niepokoić przeszkadzać
to bother; to annoy

trouble in paradise n
kłopoty w raju
unexpected problem in a supposedly positive situation

trouble-free adj
bezproblemowy
without trouble

troublemaker n
awanturnica awanturnik mąciwoda
one who causes trouble, especially deliberately

troublesome /ˈtɹʌbl̩səm/ /ˈtɹʌbəlsəm/ adj
kłopotliwy
giving trouble

trough /tɹɑf/ /tɹɑθ/ /tɹɒf/ /tɹɔf/ /tɹɔθ/ n
dolina
a long, narrow depression between waves or ridges
koryto żłób
a long, narrow, open container for feeding animals
a long, narrow container open at the top
niż zatoka
a linear atmospheric depression associated with a weather front
rynna
a gutter under the eaves of a building
rów
short, narrow drainage canal

trouser leg n
nogawka

trousseau /ˈtɹuˌsoʊ/ /ˈtɹuːsəʊ/ n
wyprawa
bridal clothes

trout /tɹaʊt/ /tɹʌʊt/ n
pstrąg
fish

trowel /ˈtɹaʊ.əl/ n
kielnia
mason's tool
łopatka
scoop-like gardening tool

truancy n
wagary wagarowanie
the act of shirking from responsibilities and duties

truant /ˈtɹuː.ənt/ /ˈtɹʊənt/ n
wagarowicz
One who is absent without permission

truce /tɹus/ /tɹuːs/ n
rozejm
agreement between opposed parties
rozejm zawieszenie broni
period of time in which no fighting takes place

truck /tɹʌk/ [tɹʌk] [t͡ʃɹʌk] n
ciężarówka samochód ciężarowy
heavier motor vehicle designed to carry goods

truck driver n
kierowca ciężarówki
person employed to drive a truck

true /tɹjuː/ /tɹuː/ /tɹɪʊ̯/ [t̠ɹ̠̊˔ʷu̠ː] adj
prawdziwy
A state in Boolean logic that indicates an affirmative or positive result
Genuine
prawdziwy istny
concurring with a given set of facts

true bug n
pluskwiak
any of various insects of the order Hemiptera and in particular of the suborder Heteroptera

true or false adj
mający pytania rodzaju prawda czy fałsz
having as answers only true or false

true to life adj
realistyczny
having the same dimensions as the original
z życia wzięty
realistic, natural

truffle /ˈtɹʌf.l̩/ n
trufla
tuber

truffle hog n
świnia na trufle
pig used for finding truffles

truism n
truizm
self-evident or obvious truth

truly /ˈtɹuːli/ adv
naprawdę
very
naprawdę autentycznie prawdziwie serio szczerze
honestly, genuinely
in accordance with the facts

trump /tɹʌmp/ [t͡ʃɹʌmp] n
atut as atutowy
something that gives one an advantage
atut atu kozera
suit that outranks all others

trump /tɹʌmp/ [t͡ʃɹʌmp] v
atutować
to play a trump on a card of another suit
to play a trump, or to take a trick with a trump
bić na głowę
to get the better of, or finesse, a competitor
wypierać wyprzeć
to supersede

trumpet /ˈtɹʌmpɪt/ n
trąbienie
elephant noise
trąbka trąba
brass instrument
trębacz
musician playing a trumpet

trumpet /ˈtɹʌmpɪt/ v
grać na trąbce
play the instrument
trąbić
make an elephant call
proclaim loudly

trumpeter /ˈtɹʌmpɪtə/ /ˈtɹʌmpɪtɚ/ n
trębacz trębaczka
person who plays the trumpet

trumpeter finch n
gilak pustynny
Bucanetes githagineus

truncheon /ˈtɹʌnt͡ʃən/ /ˈtɹʌnʃən/ n
gumowa pałka policyjna pałka (policyjna)
a baton, or military staff of command, now especially the stick carried by a police officer

trundle bed n
wysuwanym łóżkiem
low bed under a higher bed

trunk /tɹʌŋk/ [tɹʌŋk] [t͡ʃɹʌŋk] n
kufer bagażnik
luggage storage compartment of a sedan/saloon style car
kufer skrzynia
large suitcase or chest
magistrala
telecommunications line
pień
tree trunk
trąba
extended nasal organ of an elephant

trust /tɹʊst/ /tɹʌst/ [tɹɐst] [tɹʌst] [t͡ʃɹ-] n
trust
a group of businessmen or traders
zaufanie
confidence in or reliance on some person or quality

trust /tɹʊst/ /tɹʌst/ [tɹɐst] [tɹʌst] [t͡ʃɹ-] v
powierzać powierzyć
to commit; to intrust
ufać
to place confidence in

trust, but verify phraseologicalUnit
ufaj, ale sprawdzaj

trustworthy /ˈtɹʌst.wɜɹ.ði/ adj
spolegliwy
reliable

truth /tɹuːθ/ n
prawda
that which is real
conformity to fact or reality
true facts
something acknowledged to be true
prawda wierność racja
state or quality of being true to someone or something

truth be told interjection
prawdę mówiąc
when admitting something one might otherwise lie about

truth table n
tablica prawdy
table showing all possible truth values for an expression

truth value n
wartość logiczna
values in logic

truthful /ˈtɹuːθ.f(ə)l/ adj
prawdomówny
honest, and always telling the truth

truthfulness /ˈtɹuθfəlnəs/ n
prawdomówność
quality of being truthful

try /tɹaɪ/ [tɹ̝̊aɪ̯] [t̠͡ɹ̠̊˔aɪ̯] [t̠͡ɹ̠̊˔ʷaɪ̯] [t͡ʃɹaɪ̯] n
próba
an attempt

try /tɹaɪ/ [tɹ̝̊aɪ̯] [t̠͡ɹ̠̊˔aɪ̯] [t̠͡ɹ̠̊˔ʷaɪ̯] [t͡ʃɹaɪ̯] v
próbować
to make an experiment
to taste, sample, etc
próbować starać się
to attempt
testować
to put to test

try on v
przymierzać przymierzyć
to test the look of

try one's hand v
próbować swoich sił spróbować swoich sił

try one's luck v
próbować szczęścia spróbować szczęścia

tryptophan /ˈtɹɪptə(ʊ)fæn/ n
tryptofan
essential amino acid

tryst /tɹaɪst/ /tɹɪst/ n
randka schadzka
prearranged meeting, now especially between lovers

tsar /(t)sɑɹ/ /(t)sɑː/ /tsɐː/ /zɐː/ /zɑɹ/ /zɑː/ n
car
an emperor

tsardom /ˈ(t)sɑː(ɹ)dəm/ /ˈzɑː(ɹ)dəm/ n
carstwo
the territory ruled by a tsar

tsarevich /(t)sɑːˈɹɛvɪtʃ/ /ˈ(t)sɑːɹəvɪtʃ/ /ˈzɑːɹəvɪtʃ/ n
carewicz
a son of a tsar, a prince in Russia or Bulgaria

tsarina /tsaˈɹiːnə/ /zaˈɹiːnə/ n
caryca
empress or wife of a tsar

tsarism n
carat caryzm
system of government

tsarist /ˈ(t)sɑːɹɪst/ /ˈzɑːɹɪst/ adj
carski
from the time of the tsar

tsunami /(t)suˈnæmi/ /(t)suˈnɑmi/ /(t)suːˈnɑːmi/ n
tsunami
large, destructive wave generally caused by a tremendous disturbance in the ocean

tuatara /tuːəˈtɑːɹə/ n
hatteria tuatara łupkoząb
reptile

tuba /ˈtjuː.bə/ /ˈtu.bə/ n
tuba
a large brass musical instrument

tubaist n
tubista
one who plays the tuba

tubal ligation n
podwiązanie jajników podwiązanie jajowodów
procedure in which a woman's Fallopian tubes are blocked or severed

tubby /ˈtʌbi/ adj
baryłkowaty
stout, rotund

tube /tjuːb/ /tuːb/ /tʃuːb/ n
puszka
a tin can
rura
a pipe
tubka tuba
cylindrical container

tuber /tjuːbə(ɹ)/ /tubɚ/ n
bulwa
fleshy underground stem

tubercular adj
gruźliczy
pertaining to tuberculosis

tuberculosis /tjuːˌbɜː(ɹ)kjʊˈləʊsɪs/ /tuˌbɚkjʊˈloʊsɪs/ n
gruźlica tuberkuloza suchoty
infectious disease

tuberose /ˈtjuːbəɹəʊz/ /ˈtubəɹoʊz/ n
tuberoza bulwiasta
Polianthes tuberosa

tubist n
tubista tubiści
one who plays the tuba

tucuxi n
sotalia amazońska
freshwater dolphin

tuft /tʌft/ n
kępka
bunch

tufted antshrike n
sadzak posepny
passerine bird of the antibird family

tufted duck n
czernica
Aythya fuligula

tufted titmouse n
sikora dwubarwna
Baeolophus bicolor

tug /tʌɡ/ n
szarpak
dog toy

tug of war /ˈtʌɡ əv ˌwɔː(r)/ n
przeciąganie liny
game

tugboat /ˈtʌɡboʊt/ /ˈtʌɡbəʊt/ n
holownik
small, powerful boat

tughra n
tugra
signature of an Ottoman sultan

tugrik n
tugrik
the Mongolian unit of currency

tui /ˈtuːi/ /ˈtʉːiː/ n
kędziornik
Prosthemadera novaeseelandiae

tuition /tjuːˈɪʃən/ /tuˈɪʃən/ /ˈtjuːʃən/ n
czesne
sum of money paid for instruction
korepetycje
training or instruction provided by a teacher or tutor

tulip /ˈtjuːlɪp/ /ˈtulɪp/ /ˈtʃuːlɪp/ n
tulipan
plant

tulip tree n
tulipanowiec
North American tree

tulle /tjuːl/ /tuːl/ /tʊl/ n
tiul
kind of silk lace

tumble dryer n
suszarka suszarka do ubrań
electrical device

tumbler /ˈtʌmblɚ/ n
szklanka kulawka
drinking glass without stem

tumbleweed /ˈtʌmbəlwiːd/ /ˈtʌmbəlˌwid/ n
biegacz
plant which breaks loose and is driven by the wind

tummy /ˈtʌ.mi/ n
brzuszek
childish language for stomach

tumor /tjuː.mə/ /tuː.mɚ/ n
guz nowotwór opuchlizna
oncology, pathology: an abnormal growth

tumult /ˈtjuː.mʌlt/ /ˈtuː.mʌlt/ /ˈtʃuː.mʌlt/ [ˈtʌmʌlt̰̚] n
tumult
noise as made by a crowd
zamieszki
violent commotion or agitation

tumultuous /tjʊˈmʌl.tjʊ.əs/ /tuˈmʌl.t͡ʃu.əs/ /tə-/ adj
zgiełkliwy
characterized by loud, confused noise

tumulus /ˈtjuːmjələs/ /ˈtuːmjələs/ n
kopiec kurhan
mound of earth

tun /tʊn/ /tʌn/ n
baryła baryłka
a large, oblong cask

tuna /ˈtjuː.nə/ /ˈtu.nə/ /ˈtʃuː.nə/ n
tuńczyk
fish
flesh

tuna salad n
sałatka z tuńczyka

tundra /ˈtʌndɹə/ n
tundra
flat treeless arctic region

tundra bean goose n
gęś tundrowa
Anser serrirostris

tune /t(j)un/ /tjuːn/ /tʃuːn/ n
melodia
melody

tune /t(j)un/ /tjuːn/ /tʃuːn/ v
stroić
to adjust a musical instrument

tuner /ˈtjuː.nə/ /ˈtuː.nɚ/ /ˈtʃuː.nə/ n
stroiciel
person who tunes a piano or organ

tungsten /ˈtʌŋstən/ n
wolfram
chemical element

tunic /tjuːnɪk/ /tuːnɪk/ n
tunika
garment

tunicate n
osłonica
any of the chordate marine animals of the subphylum Tunicata

tuning fork /tjʉːnɪŋ foːk/ n
kamerton diapazon
fork-shaped object which emits a tone

tuning key n
stroik
peg or screw to loosen or tighten strings on musical instruments

tuning wrench n
klucz do strojenia

tunnel /ˈtʌn(ə)l/ n
tunel
an underground or underwater passage

tunnel vision n
widzenie lunetowe
restricted field of vision

tuple /ˈtjuːpəl/ /ˈtuːpəl/ /ˈtʊpəl/ /ˈtʌpəl/ /ˈt͡ʃuːpəl/ n
krotka
in set theory
set of values passed as a parameter
single row in a database

turaco n
bananojad turak
bird of the family Musophagidae

turban /ˈtɜːbən/ /ˈtɝbən/ n
turban zawój
man’s head-dress
zawój turban
woman’s hat

turbellarian n
wirek
flatworm of the class Turbellaria

turbid /ˈtɜː(ɹ)bɪd/ adj
mętny mętna mętne
having the lees or sediment disturbed; roiled; muddy; thick; not clear

turbine /ˈtəːˌbaɪn/ /ˈtəːˌbɪn/ /ˈtɚ.bɪn/ /ˈtɚˌbaɪn/ n
turbina
rotary machine

turbocharger n
turbosprężarka
inlet air compressor for an internal combustion engine

turboprop n
silnik turbośmigłowy
type of gas-turbine aircraft engine

turbot /ˈtɜːbət/ /ˈtɝbət/ n
skarp turbot
Scophthalmus maximus
turbot skarp
any of various flatfishes of family Scophthalmidae

turd /tɜːd/ /tɝd/ n
gówno bobek
piece of solid feces

tureen /t(j)uˈɹin/ /təˈɹin/ /təˈɹiːn/ /t͡ʃəˈɹiːn/ /t͡ʃʊˈɹiːn/ n
waza
broad deep serving dish for soup or stew

turkey /ˈtɜːki/ /ˈtɝki/ n
indyk
flesh or meat of this bird
indyk indyczka gula indor
bird in the genus Meleagris

turkey vulture n
sępnik różowogłowy
a common North American vulture, Cathartes aura

turmeric /təɹ.ˈmɛ.ɾɪk/ /ˈtjuː.m(ə).ɹɪk/ /ˈtuː.mə.ɹɪk/ /ˈtɜɹ.məɹ.ɪk/ /ˈtɜː.m(ə).ɹɪk/ /ˈtʃuː.m(ə).ɹɪk/ [ˈtʰu.mɚ.ɪk] [ˈtʰɝ.mɚ.ɪk] n
kurkuma
plant
kurkuma kurkuma długa
spice

turn /tɜːn/ /tɝn/ n
kolej
chance to use (something) shared in sequence with others
kolej tura
one's chance to make a move in a game
obrót
movement about an axis ending up with the same orientation
obrót skręt
change of direction or orientation

turn /tɜːn/ /tɝn/ v
kończyć skończyć
reach a certain age
obracać się obrócić się
move around an axis through itself
obracać obrócić
change the direction or orientation of, especially by rotation
skręcać skręcić
change one's direction of travel
zmieniać zmieniać się zmienić zmienić się
change fundamentally

turn a blind eye v
patrzeć przez palce przymknąć oko przymykać oko
to ignore or deliberately overlook

turn a deaf ear v
puszczać mimo uszu puścić mimo uszu
to refuse to listen or hear something

turn around v
obrócić się obracać się
to physically rotate horizontally 360 degrees
odwracać się odwrócić się
to change to the opposite opinion or position

turn away v
odwracać się
(intransitive) to rotate oneself so as not to face someone or something

turn down v
odrzucać odrzucić
refuse, decline, deny
ściszać ściszyć
reduce amount

turn in one's grave v
przewracać się w grobie
be appalled, offended or disgusted by something, despite being deceased

turn of events n
obrót sprawy
deviation from the expected

turn of phrase n
zwrot
expression which is worded in a distinctive way

turn of the century n
przełom wieku
beginning or end of a certain century

turn off v
wyłączyć gasić zgasić wyłączać
switch off appliance or light
zakręcać zakręcić
rotate a tap or valve to stop outflow

turn on v
odkręcać odkręcić
to set a flow of fluid or gas running by rotating a tap or valve
podniecać
to attract or arouse or fill with pleasure
włączać się włączyć się
(intransitive) to power up
włączać włączyć
(transitive) to activate an appliance, light, mechanism, functionality etc.

turn one's back v
odwracać się odwrócić się
to forsake, to abandon; to ignore

turn one's life around v
zmieniać życie na lepsze zmienić życie na lepsze

turn out v
okazać okazywać
to result; end up

turn over a new leaf v
rozpoczynać nowy rozdział rozpocząć nowy rozdział
to engage in self-improvement

turn the other cheek v
nadstawiać drugi policzek nadstawić drugi policzek
accept injury without revenge

turn the tables v
odwracać sytuację odwrócić sytuację

turn to v
zwracać się zwrócić się
to consult for advice

turn up v
podgłaśniać podgłośnić
increase volume etc.

turn up for the book n
niespodzianka
unexpected surprise

turn up one's nose v
kręcić nosem
to refuse, especially as due to pride and status

turnbuckle n
śruba rzymska
nautical equipment

turncoat /ˈtəːn.kəʊt/ /ˈtɝn.koʊt/ n
zdrajca
traitor

turner /ˈtɜː.nə(ɹ)/ /ˈtɝ.nɚ/ n
szpatułka kuchenna łopatka kuchenna
kitchen utensil
tokarz
person working a lathe

turning point n
punkt zwrotny
decisive point

turnip /ˈtɜː.nɪp/ /ˈtɝ.nɪp/ n
cebula
large, head pocket watch
rzepa
white root of Brassica rapa

turnkey /ˈtɜː(ɹ)nˌkiː/ adj
pod klucz
ready to use without further assembly

turnkey /ˈtɜː(ɹ)nˌkiː/ n
klawisz
slang: warder

turnout /ˈtɜː(ɹ)naʊt/ n
frekwencja
number of people who attend or participate in an event

turnover n
obrót przychód
sales transacted
rotacja wymiana
rate of change or replacement
rożek francuski
pastry

turnstile /ˈtɜːnstaɪl/ /ˈtɝnstaɪl/ n
kołowrót bramka bramka obrotowa turnikiet
rotating mechanical device

turntable /ˈtɜːnteɪb(ə)l/ /ˈtɝnˌteɪbəl/ n
gramofon
record player
obrotnica
rotating platform for turning locomotives
talerz
circular rotating platform of a record player or a disk jockey's console

turpentine /ˈtɜː.pənˌtaɪn/ /ˈtɝ.pənˌtaɪn/ n
terpentyna
volatile essential oil

turquoise /ˈtɜː(ɹ).k(w)ɔɪs/ /ˈtɜː(ɹ).k(w)ɔɪz/ /ˈtɝ.k(w)ɔɪs/ /ˈtɝ.k(w)ɔɪz/ adj
turkusowy
made of turquoise
turkusowy turkus
having a pale greenish-blue colour

turquoise /ˈtɜː(ɹ).k(w)ɔɪs/ /ˈtɜː(ɹ).k(w)ɔɪz/ /ˈtɝ.k(w)ɔɪs/ /ˈtɝ.k(w)ɔɪz/ n
turkus turkusowy
gemstone
turkusowy turkus
colour

turret /ˈtɝ.ɪt/ /ˈtʊɹ.ɪt/ /ˈtʌɹ.ɪt/ n
wieżyczka
a little tower
a revolving tower constructed of thick iron plates

turtle /ˈtɜːtl̩/ /ˈtɝtl̩/ [ˈtʰɝɾɫ̩] n
żółw
land or marine reptile with a shell
computing: drawing cursor
computing: type of robot
żółw wodny
sea turtle

turtle dove /ˈtɜːtəldʌv/ /ˈtɝtəldʌv/ n
turkawka
bird in the genus Streptopelia

turtleneck n
golf
turtleneck sweater
high, close-fitting collar rolled up

tusk /ˈtʌsk/ n
cios kieł
pointed tooth

tussock /ˈtʌs.ək/ n
kępa
tuft or clump of grass or verdure

tutor /ˈtjuːtə/ /ˈtutɚ/ n
tutor
one who teaches another

tutorial /tjuːˈtɔːɹɪəl/ /tuˈtɔɹijəɫ/ /tʃʉˈtoːɹiəɫ/ /tʊˈtɔɹijəɫ/ n
poradnik samouczek
self-paced learning exercise
tutorial
computing: video that is basically a how-to

tutovka n
morwówka
distilled alcoholic liquor from mulberries

tuxedo /tʌkˈsidoʊ/ /tʌkˈsiːdəʊ/ n
smoking
formal jacket
formal suit

tvorog /tvəˈɹəʊɡ/ /ˈtvɔːɹəɡ/ n
twaróg
a soft Russian curd cheese

twaddle /ˈtwɑdəl/ /ˈtwɒdəl/ n
gadanina paplanina ambaje bajdy brednie bzdurzenie
Empty or silly idle talk or writing

twaddle /ˈtwɑdəl/ /ˈtwɒdəl/ v
gadać paplać
To talk or write nonsense

twaite shad n
parposz
Alosa fallax

twat /twæt/ /twɑt/ /twɔt/ [tʰw̥æt] [tʰw̥ɑt] [tʰw̥ɔt] n
cipa piczka
vulgar slang, vagina

tweet /twiːt/ interjection
ćwir

tweet /twiːt/ n
trel ćwierkanie
sound
tweet
internet: entry

tweet /twiːt/ v
tweetować
internet: to post an update to Twitter
ćwierkać
to make a short high-pitched sound

tweeter /ˈtwitɚ/ /ˈtwiːtə/ n
twitterianin twitterianka
One who posts tweets on Twitter

tweezers /ˈtwizɚz/ /ˈtwiːzəz/ n
pęseta pinceta
small pincer-like instrument, usually made of metal, used for handling small objects

twelfth /twɛlf/ /twɛlftθ/ /twɛlfθ/ /twɛlθ/ [tʰw̥ɛlfθ] [tʰw̥ɛlʷf] [tʰw̥ɛl̪θ] adj
dwunasty dwunasta
ordinal form of twelve

twelve /twelv/ /twəlv/ /twɛlv/ /twɛv/ [tw̥eɫv] [tw̥əɫv] [tw̥ɛv] [tw̥ɛɫv] numeral
dwanaście dwanaścioro
cardinal number 12

twelve o'clock n
dwunasta
start of the first hour of the day (expressed in the 12-hour system; 12 [[a.m.]])
start of the thirteenth hour of the day (12 [[p.m.]])

twelve-tone technique pn
dodekafonia
system of musical composition

twenties n
lata 20. lata dwudzieste
the decade of the 1920s

twentieth /-ɪθ/ /ˈtwɛn.(t)i.əθ/ [ˈtw̥ɛ.ɾ̃i.əθ] adj
dwudziesty
ordinal form of twenty

twenty /ˈtweɪnti/ /ˈtwɛni/ /ˈtwɛnti/ /ˈtwʊn(t)i/ /ˈtwʌn(t)i/ [ˈtw̥ɛɾ̃i] [ˈtw̥ɛ̃nti] [ˈtw̥ɛ̃ɾ̃i] numeral
dwadzieścia dwadzieścioro
cardinal number

twenty-eight /ˌtwɛntiˈeɪt/ numeral
dwadzieścia osiem
number

twenty-fifth adj
dwudziesty piąty
the ordinal form of the number twenty-five

twenty-five /ˌtwɛntiˈfaɪv/ numeral
dwadzieścia pięć
twenty-five

twenty-four /ˌtwɛntiˈfo(ː)ɹ/ /ˌtwɛntiˈfoə/ /ˌtwɛntiˈfɔɹ/ /ˌtwɛntiˈfɔː/ numeral
dwadzieścia cztery
cardinal number

twenty-four seven adv
dwadzieścia cztery godziny na dobę dwadzieścia cztery na dobę siedem dni w tygodniu
constantly

twenty-fourth adj
dwudziesty czwarty
the ordinal form of the number twenty-four

twenty-nine numeral
dwadzieścia dziewięć
cardinal number

twenty-one /ˌtwɛntiˈwɒn/ /ˌtwɛntiˈwʌn/ /ˌtwʌntiˈwʌn/ numeral
dwadzieścia jeden
cardinal number

twenty-second adj
dwudziesty drugi
the ordinal form of the number twenty-two

twenty-seven numeral
dwadzieścia siedem
twenty-seven

twenty-seventh /ˌtwɛn(t)iˈsɛvənθ/ /ˌtwʌn(t)iˈsɛvənθ/ adj
dwudziesty siódmy
ordinal for of twenty-seven

twenty-six /ˌtwɛntiˈsɪks/ numeral
dwadzieścia sześć
cardinal number

twenty-sixth adj
dwudziesty szósty
ordinal number

twenty-third adj
dwudziesty trzeci
the ordinal form of the number twenty-three

twenty-three /ˈtwɛntiˈθɹiː/ numeral
dwadzieścia trzy
twenty-three

twenty-two /ˌtwɛntiˈtuː/ /ˌtwʌntiˈtu/ numeral
dwadzieścia dwa
twenty-two

twerk /twɛɹk/ /twɜːk/ [tw̥ɜːk] [tʰw̥ɝk] v
twerkować
to move the body in a suggestive manner

twice /twaɪs/ [tw̥aɪs] adv
dwukrotnie
two times

twiddle one's thumbs v
siedzieć z założonymi rękami wlec się
to wait or dawdle

twig /twɪɡ/ [tʰw̥ɪɡ] n
gałązka witka
a small thin branch

twilight /ˈtwaɪˌlaɪt/ n
półmrok półzmrok
faint light; dubious medium
zmierzch zmrok
light before rising and after the setting of the Sun

twin /twɪn/ [tw̥ɪn] adj
bliźniaczy
forming a matched pair
forming a pair of twins

twin /twɪn/ [tw̥ɪn] n
bliźniak bliźniaczka
either of two people who shared the same uterus, or of two similar or closely related objects

twin room n
pokój dwuosobowy
hotel room with two single beds

twin-engine adj
dwusilnikowy

twine /twaɪn/ n
dratwa
strong thread

twinhood n
bliźniactwo

twinkle /ˈtwɪŋ.kəl/ v
migotać
to shine with a flickering light; to glimmer

twinset n
bliźniak
combination of a cardigan and jumper

twist /twɪst/ [tw̥ɪst] n
przekręcenie
distortion to the meaning of a word or passage
siła skręcająca
twisting force
skręcenie
sprain, especially to the ankle
skręt
anything twisted, or the act of twisting
degree of stress or strain when twisted
form
rotation of the body when diving
type of thread
tendencja
strong individual tendency
twist
type of dance
beverage made of brandy and gin
zakręt
sudden bend (or short series of bends) in a road, path, etc
zwrot akcji
unexpected turn in a story, tale, etc

twist /twɪst/ [tw̥ɪst] v
kręcić
to turn the ends in opposite directions

twist of fate n
ironia losu

twist the knife v
pogarszać pogarszyć

twitch /twɪt͡ʃ/ [tʰw̥ɪt͡ʃ] n
drgawka skurcz
brief, small (sometimes involuntary) movement out of place and then back again
dutka
(farriery)

twite /twaɪt/ n
rzepołuch
Carduelis flavirostris

twitter /ˈtwɪt.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈtwɪt.ɚ/ /ˈtwɪt̬.ɚ/ [ˈtʰwɪɾ.ɚ] n
świergot
sound made by birds

twitter /ˈtwɪt.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈtwɪt.ɚ/ /ˈtwɪt̬.ɚ/ [ˈtʰwɪɾ.ɚ] v
ćwierkać świergotać
to utter chirps

two /tu/ /tuː/ /twuː/ [tʰu̟] [tʰu̟ː] n
dwulatek dwulatka
child aged two
dwójka dwa
digit or figure

two /tu/ /tuː/ /twuː/ [tʰu̟] [tʰu̟ː] numeral
dwa
numerical value

two beers, please phraseologicalUnit
dwa piwa, proszę
two beers, please

two cents n
trzy grosze
one's opinion

two days after tomorrow adv
popojutrze

two heads are better than one proverb
co dwie głowy, to nie jedna
joint thinking pays

two hundred /ˈtuː ˈhʌn.dɹəd/ /ˈtuː ˈhʌn.dɹɪd/ numeral
dwieście
cardinal number 200

two left hands /tuː lɛft hæn(d)z/ n
dwie lewe ręce
lacking dexterity in either hand

two o'clock n
druga
the start of the third hour

two pennies' worth n
trzy grosze
one's opinion

two sides of the same coin n
dwie strony medalu

two thousand numeral
dwa tysiące
cardinal number

two wrongs don't make a right proverb
dwa zła nie czynią dobra
a wrongful action is not a morally appropriate way to correct or cancel a previous wrongful action

two-barred crossbill n
krzyżodziób modrzewiowy
Loxia leucoptera

two-barred warbler n
świstunka amurska
Phylloscopus plumbeitarsus

two-dimensional adj
dwuwymiarowy
existing in two dimensions

two-faced /ˈtuːˈfeɪst/ adj
dwulicowy

two-hand sword n
miecz dwuręczny
sword

two-headed adj
dwugłowy
having two heads

two-hundredth /ˈtuː ˈhʌn.dɹədθ/ /ˈtuː ˈhʌn.dɹɪdθ/ adj
dwusetny dwóchsetny
ordinal of 200

two-legged /tuːˈlɛɡɪd/ /ˈtuːlɛɡd/ adj
dwunożny
having two legs

two-legged tie n
dwumecz

two-sided adj
dwustronny
having two sides

two-stroke engine n
silnik dwusuwowy dwusuw dwutakt
two-stroke engine

two-thirds n
dwie trzecie
two of three equal parts

two-tier adj
dwupoziomowy
having or consisting of two tiers

two-tiered adj
dwupoziomowy
having two tiers

two-time adj
dwukrotny
twice over

two-way adj
dwukierunkowy
moving in both directions

twofold adj
dwojaki
having two parts
podwójny podwojony zdwojony
double

twofold adv
dwukrotnie podwójnie
in a double degree

twosome /ˈtuːsəm/ n
duet dwoje dwójka para
a group of two people; two individuals or components

txapela n
baskijka
Basque-style berret

tycoon /taɪˈkuːn/ n
magnat
wealthy, powerful business person

tympanites /ˌtɪmpəˈnaɪtiːz/ n
wzdęcie
distended abdomen

tympanum /ˈtɪm.pən.əm/ n
tympanon
triangular space between the sides of a pediment

type /taɪp/ n
czcionka
printing block letter/character
typ
computing theory: tag indicating data type
preferred sort of person
typ rodzaj autorament
grouping based on shared characteristics

type /taɪp/ v
wpisywać
to enter characters into a computer using keyboard

type species n
gatunek typowy

typecast /ˈtaɪp.kæst/ /ˈtaɪp.kɑːst/ v
rzutować
to change an entity of one datatype into another
szufladkować zaszufladkować
to identify someone as being of a specific type

typeface n
krój pisma
font family

typescript /ˈtʌɪpskɹɪpt/ n
maszynopis
typewritten material, especially such a copy of a manuscript

typesetter n
zecer składacz składaczka zecerka
person

typewriter [ˈtaɪpˌɹaɪtə(ɹ)] n
maszyna do pisania
machine used to print text by pressing keys
maszynistka
one who uses a typewriter

typhoid fever n
dur brzuszny
illness

typhoon /taɪˈfun/ /taɪˈfuːn/ n
tajfun
hurricane in the Pacific

typhus /ˈtaɪfəs/ n
tyfus
disease

typical /ˈtɪpɪkl̩/ adj
typowy
capturing the overall sense of a thing

typically /ˈtɪp.ɪ.kli/ /ˈtɪp.ɪ.kəl.i/ adv
typowo
in a typical manner
in an expected or customary manner

typist /ˈtaɪpɪst/ n
maszynistka
person who types

typo /ˈtaɪpəʊ/ n
literówka błąd drukarski
error

typographer n
drukarz
person skilled in typography
kornik drukarz
kind of bark beetle

typography /taɪˈpɑɡɹəfi/ /taɪˈpɒɡɹəfi/ n
typografia
art and technique

tyrannical /taɪ-/ /tɪˈɹænɪkəl/ adj
tyraniczny tyrański
despotic, oppressive, authoritarian
of, or relating to tyranny, of a tyrant

tyrannosaur n
tyranozaur
large bipedal carnivorous dinosaur

tyrannosaurus /tɪˌɹænəˈsɔːɹəs/ n
tyranozaur
dinosaur

tyranny /ˈtɪɹəni/ n
tyrania
government in which a single ruler has absolute power
absolute power, or its use
extreme severity or rigour
office or jurisdiction of an absolute ruler

tyrant /ˈtaɪɹənt/ n
tyran
harsh and cruel ruler
tyran autokrata autokratka
person who abuses their power

tyre /taɪə(ɹ)/ n
opona guma
wheel covering

tyrosine n
tyrozyna
nonessential amino acid

tzaddik /ˈsɑː.dək/ /ˈtsɑː.diːk/ /ˈtsɑː.dək/ n
cadyk
a very righteous person

tzatziki /sæˈtsɪ.kɪ/ /tsæˈtsɪ.kɪ/ /tsɑˈtsi.ki/ /zæˈtsɪ.kɪ/ n
caciki dzadziki tzatziki
appetizer made from yoghurt

tzimmes n
cymes

tzitzit n
cicit cyces
knots on a tallit

tête-à-tête /ˌteɪt.əˈteɪt/ /ˌtɛt.əˈtɛt/ n
tête-à-tête
face-to-face meeting

u /a/ /u/ /uː/ /ɜ/ /ʉː/ /ʊ/ /ʌ/ /ˈjuː/ n
u u otwarte
name of the letter U, u

uberisation n
uberyzacja
utilisation of data platforms to bypass centrally planned corporations

ubiquitous /juˈbɪkwɪtəs/ /juːˈbɪkwətəs/ adj
wszechobecny
seeming to appear everywhere at the same time
wszechobecny wszędobylski
being everywhere

ubiquity /juˈbɪkwɪti/ n
wszechobecność
omnipresence

ubuntu /ʊˈbʊntuː/ n
ubuntu
ubuntu

udarnik n
przodownik pracy
shock worker, super-productive worker in the Soviet Union and the other countries from the Soviet Block

udder /ˈʌdə/ /ˈʌdɚ/ n
wymię
organ formed of the mammary glands of female quadruped mammals

udon n
udon
udon

ugh [ə] [əx] [əχ] [ɯx] [ɯɣ] [ɯʀ̊] [ɯχ] interjection
fu
to express disgust

ugliness n
brzydota
condition of being ugly
unsightly or frightful object

ugly /ˈʌɡli/ adj
brzydki
displeasing to the eye; not aesthetically pleasing

ugly as sin adj
brzydki jak noc brzydki jak noc listopadowa
extremely ugly

ugly duckling n
brzydkie kaczątko
one who is ugly, but who is expected to become beautiful as they mature

uh-huh [ʌ˨ˈɦʌ˩˧] particle
aha mhm yhy
expressing agreement or affirmation

uhlan /ˈ(j)uːlən/ n
ułan
soldier with lance

ukha n
ucha
a soup in Russian cuisine

ukulele /juː.kə.ˈleɪ.li/ /ˈʔukuˈlɛlɛ/ n
ukulele
small four-stringed guitar

ulcer /ʌlsə/ /ʌlsɚ/ n
wrzód
open sore

ulcerate v
owrzodzieć wrzodzieć
to become ulcerous

ulnar adj
łokciowy
pertaining to ulna or elbow

ultimate /ˈʌltəmɪt/ /ˈʌltɪmɪt/ adj
największy najwyższy
greatest or maximum
ostatni
final; last in a series

ultimately /ˈʌl.tə.mət.li/ /ˈʌl.tɪ.mət.li/ /ˈʌl.tɪ.mɪt.li/ /ˈʌl.tɪ.mɪt.lɪ/ [ˈʌl.tɪ.mɪɾ.li] adv
ostatecznie
indicating the last item

ultimatum /ˌʌl.tɪˈmeɪ.təm/ n
ultimatum
a final statement of terms or conditions made by one party to another

ultracrepidarianism n
tromtadracja

ultrafilter n
ultrafiltr

ultramarine /ˌəltɹəməˈɹin/ /ˌʌltɹəməˈɹiːn/ n
ultramaryna
brilliant dark blue or slightly purplish colour
ultramaryna farbka
brilliant blue pigment

ultramontanism n
ultramontanizm
Roman Catholic philosophy that emphasises the prerogatives and powers of the Pope

ultrasonic /ʌltɹəˈsɒnɪk/ adj
ultradźwiękowy
beyond (higher in frequency than) the range of sound perceptible to the human ear

ultrasonography n
ultrasonografia

ultrasound n
ultradźwięk
sound

ultraviolet adj
ultrafioletowy
radiation with wavelengths from 380 to 10 nanometres

ultraviolet n
ultrafiolet
colour

umbel /ʌmbəl/ n
baldach
type of flower cluster

umbelled adj
baldaszkowaty

umbellet n
baldaszek

umbellifer n
selerowate
any plant of the family Apiaceae/Umbelliferae

umbilical /ʌmbɪlˈaɪ.kəl/ /ʌmˈbɪl.ɪkəl/ adj
pępkowy
of or relating to the navel or the umbilical cord

umbilical cord n
pępowina
cord between foetus and placenta

umbilical cord cutting n
cięcie pępowiny

umbrella /ʌmˈbɹɛlə/ /ˈʌmbɹɛlə/ n
parasol parasolka
cloth-covered frame used for protection against rain or sun

umbrella stand n
stojak na parasole

umlaut /ˈum.laʊt/ /ˈʊm.laʊt/ /ˈʌm.laʊt/ n
umlaut
diacritical mark
partial assimilation of a vowel

ummah /ˈʊmə/ n
umma
the worldwide Muslim community

un- /an/ /ʌn/ prefix
nie-
denoting absence
violative of; contrary to
nie- bez-
denoting a lack of

unabated /ʌn.əˈbeɪ.tɪd/ adj
niesłabnący
continuing at full strength

unacceptability n
nieakceptowalność
property of being unacceptable

unacceptable /ˌʌn.æk.ˈsɛp.tə.bl̩/ /ˌʌn.ək.ˈsɛp.tə.bl̩/ [ˌɐn.æk.ˈsɛp.tə.bɫ̩] [ˌɐn.ək.ˈsɛp.tə.bɫ̩] [ˌɐn.ɪ̞k.ˈsɛp.tə.bɫ̩] adj
nieakceptowalny niedopuszczalny
unsatisfactory; not acceptable

unaccountability n
nieodpowiedzialność

unaccountable /ˌʌnəˈkaʊntəbl̩/ adj
nieodpowiedzialny
Not responsible

unaffordable adj
niedostępny zbyt drogi
too expensive to be afforded

unambiguous adj
jednoznaczny
clear, and having no uncertainty or ambiguity

unambitious adj
nieambitny
having little ambition

unanimity /juːnəˈnɪmɪti/ n
jednomyślność
condition

unanimous /juˈnænəməs/ /juːˈnanɪməs/ adj
jednogłośny jednomyślny
based on unanimity
jednomyślny
sharing the same view

unanimously adv
jednomyślnie jednogłośnie
in a unanimous manner

unannounced adj
nieogłoszony niezapowiedziany
not announced

unanswerable /ʌnˈɑːnsəɹəb(ə)l/ adj
bezsporny
impossible to dispute or rebut; irrefutable; conclusive

unanswerableness n
bezsporność bezsprzeczność niewątpliwość

unappreciative adj
niewdzięczny

unarguableness n
bezdyskusyjność

unarmed /ˌʌnˈɑɹmd/ adj
bezorężny nieuzbrojony
lacking weapons
nieuzbrojony
not carrying arms

unary /ˈjuːnəɹi/ adj
jednoargumentowy
mathematics, programming: of a function, to take one argument

unassailable /ˌʌnəˈseɪləbl̩/ adj
bezsporny
undeniable, incontestable or incontrovertible

unassailableness n
bezsporność bezsprzeczność niewątpliwość

unassailably /ˌʌnəˈseɪləbli/ adv
bezspornie bezsprzecznie
in an unassailable manner

unassuming /ʌnəˈsjuːmɪŋ/ adj
bezpretensjonalny skromny
modest with no pretensions or ostentation

unassumingly adv
bezpretensjonalnie

unassumingness n
bezpretensjonalność

unattainable adj
niedosięgły niedosiężny nieosiągalny
impossible to attain

unattested adj
niezaświadczony
not existing in any documented form

unattractive adj
nieatrakcyjny
lacking the power to attract interest
not handsome or beautiful or appealing

unattractively adv
nieatrakcyjnie

unattractiveness n
nieatrakcyjność
the state of being unattractive

unavailable /ˌʌnəˈveɪləbəl/ adj
niedostępny
not available

unavoidable /ˌʌnəˈvɔɪdəbəl/ adj
nieunikniony
impossible to avoid

unavoidably adv
nieuchronnie
in an unavoidable manner

unbearable adj
nieznośny
so unpleasant or painful as to be unendurable

unbearably adv
nieznośnie
in an unbearable manner

unbeatable adj
bezkonkurencyjny
that cannot be beaten, defeated or overcome

unbeatably adv
bezkonkurencyjnie

unbeknownst /ˌʌnbɪˈnoʊnst/ adv
bez wiedzy
Without the knowledge of

unbelievable /ˌʌnbəˈliːvəbl̩/ adj
niewiarygodny
implausible
niewiarygodny niebywały
incredible

unbending adj
nieugięty
inflexible

unbiased adj
bezstronny
impartial or without bias or prejudice

unbibium /ˌuːnbaɪˈbaɪəm/ n
unbibium
element

unbinilium n
unbinilium
chemical element

unbiunium n
unbiunium
chemical element with atomic number 121

unburden v
odciążać odciążyć

uncanny /ʌnˈkæni/ adj
niesamowity niezwykły przedziwny
strange, mysteriously unsettling

uncanny valley n
dolina niesamowitości
subtle differences from human behaviour that may cause negative reactions

uncap /ʌnˈkæp/ v
odkapslować odkapslowywać
remove a cap or cover from

unceremonious adj
bezceremonialny
not ceremonious

unceremoniously adv
bezceremonialnie

unceremoniousness n
bezceremonialność

uncertain /ʌnˈsɜːtn̩/ /ʌnˈsɝtn̩/ adj
nieokreślony niepewny
not known for certain; questionable
niepewny niezdecydowany
not yet determined; undecided

uncertainly /-lɪ/ /ʌnˈsɜːtn̩li/ /ʌnˈsɝtn̩li/ adv
niepewnie niezdecydowanie
in an uncertain manner

uncertainty /ʌnˈsɜːtənti/ /ʌnˈsɝtənti/ n
niepewność
doubt; the condition of being uncertain

uncle /ˈʌŋ.kl̩/ n
wuj wujek stryj stryjek
brother (or brother-in-law) of someone’s parent

unclear /ʌnˈklɪə(ɹ)/ /ʌnˈklɪɚ/ adj
niejasny
ambiguous; liable to more than one interpretation
not clearly or explicitly defined

unclefucker n
wujkojebca

unco adj
nieogar
uncoordinated

uncomfortable /ʌnˈkʌm.fə.tə.bəl/ /ʌnˈkʌm.fɚ.tə.bəl/ /ʌnˈkʌmf.tə.bəl/ /ʌnˈkʌmf.tɚ.bəl/ adj
niekomfortowy niewygodny
not comfortable

uncompromising adj
bezkompromisowy
inflexible and unwilling to negotiate or make concessions

uncompromisingly adv
bezkompromisowo

uncompromisingness n
bezkompromisowość

unconcern n
beztroska
freedom from worry or apprehensiveness

unconcernedly adv
obojętnie
in an unconcerned manner

unconditional /ˌʌnkənˈdɪʃənəl/ adj
bezwarunkowy bezwzględny
without conditions

unconditionality n
bezwarunkowość
state

unconditionally adv
bezwarunkowo
without condition

unconditionalness n
bezwarunkowość

unconditioned adj
bezwarunkowy
absolute

unconditionedly adv
bezwarunkowo

unconditionedness n
bezwarunkowość

unconscious /ˌʌnˈkɑnʃəs/ /ˌʌnˈkɒnʃəs/ adj
nieprzytomny
not awake
podświadomy
without directed thought or awareness

unconscious /ˌʌnˈkɑnʃəs/ /ˌʌnˈkɒnʃəs/ n
nieświadomość podświadomość
that part of mind that is not consciously perceived

unconsciousness n
nieprzytomność
the state of lacking consciousness

unconstitutional adj
antykonstytucyjny niekonstytucyjny
contrary to the constitution

unconstitutionality n
niekonstytucyjność
status of being unconstitutional

unconstructive /ˌʌnkənˈstɹʌktɪv/ adj
niekonstruktywny
not constructive

unconvincing adj
nieprzekonujący
not convincing

uncountable /ʌnˈkaʊntəbəl/ adj
niepoliczalny
linguistics: about a noun which cannot be counted
too many to be counted
nieprzeliczalny
mathematics: incapable of being enumerated by natural numbers

uncritical adj
bezkrytyczny
indulgent or undiscriminating; slow to criticize

uncritically adv
bezkrytycznie
in an uncritical manner

uncriticalness n
bezkrytycyzm bezkrytyczność

unction /ʌŋkʃən/ n
namaszczenie
ointment or salve
religious or ceremonial anointing

unctuous /-tjʊəs/ /ˈʌŋ(k)(t)ʃəs/ /ˈʌŋ(k)(t)ʃəwəs/ /ˈʌŋ(k)t͡ʃʊəs/ adj
obłudny
of a person: profusely polite, especially in an insincerely earnest and unpleasant manner
oleisty tłusty
of a liquid, etc.: having the nature or properties of an unguent or ointment

uncultivated adj
nieobyty niewyrobiony
uncivilized

uncultured adj
niekulturalny
not cultured

undamaged adj
nienaruszony
not damaged

undead /ʌnˈdɛd/ adj
nieumarły
being animate, though non-living

undead /ʌnˈdɛd/ n
nieumarli
those creatures which are dead but still animate

undeceivable adj
nie do okłamywania

undeceivableness n
cecha tego, co jest nie do okłamywania

undecidable adj
nierozstrzygalny
incapable of being algorithmically decided

undecided adj
niepewny
open and not yet settled or determined
niezdecydowany
uncommitted, not having reached a decision

undecipherable /ʌndə-/ /ʌndɪˈsaɪfəɹəbəl/ /ʌndɪˈsaɪfɹəbəl/ adj
nie do odszyfrowania
not easily dechiphered

undecked adj
bezpokładowy
having to deck

undeclared work n
praca nierejestrowana
undeclared work

undefeated adj
niepokonany
not defeated

undefined adj
nieokreślony niezdefiniowany
lacking definition or value

undemarcated adj
niewyznaczony

undeniable /ˌʌn.dɪˈnaɪ.(j)ə.bəɫ/ /ˌʌn.dɪˈnaɪ.ə.bl̩/ adj
niezaprzeczalny bezdyskusyjny
irrefutable, or impossible to deny

undeniableness n
bezdyskusyjność

undeniably adv
bezdyskusyjnie
in an undeniable manner

under /ˈʊndə/ /ˈʌndə/ /ˈʌndəɹ/ [ˈɐn.də(ɹ)] [ˈʌn(ɾ)ɚ] [ˈʌɾ̃ɚ] preposition
pod
beneath the surface of
at a lower level than
subject to
poniżej mniej niż
less than

under a lucky star
pod szczęśliwą gwiazdą

under arrest
aresztowany
arrested

under control
pod kontrolą
being taken care of

under no circumstances
w żadnym wypadku
never ever

under oath
pod przysięgą
having sworn or affirmed in a legally binding way to tell the truth

under one's belt
na koncie
within one's experience

under one's breath
pod nosem pod wąsem
softly

under one's thumb
pod batem pod pantoflem
under one's thumb

under one's wing
pod swoje skrzydła

under the influence adv
na podwójnym gazie pod wpływem
intoxicated

under the microscope adv
pod lupę
under close scrutiny

under the stars
pod gołym niebem

under way
w toku
in operation or in process

under wraps
po kryjomu
in secrecy

underage /ˌʌndəɹˈeɪd͡ʒ/ adj
niepełnoletni
below legal age

underappreciated adj
niedoceniany

underdeveloped adj
niedorozwinięty
having a low level of economic productivity and technological sophistication
immature and not fully developed

underestimate /ʌndɚˈɛs.tɪ.meɪt/ /ʌndɚˈɛs.tɪ.mət/ /ʌndɚˈɛs.tɪ.mɪt/ n
niedocenienie niedoszacowanie zbyt niskie oszacowanie
an estimate that is too low

underestimate /ʌndɚˈɛs.tɪ.meɪt/ /ʌndɚˈɛs.tɪ.mət/ /ʌndɚˈɛs.tɪ.mɪt/ v
nie doceniać zaniżać zaniżyć
to perceive as having lower value

underexperienced adj
niedoświadczony

underfeed v
głodzić zagładzać zagłodzić
to feed insufficiently

underfloor heating n
podłogówka
heating system that operates from under the floor

underfoot /ʌndəˈfʊt/ /ʌndɚˈfʊt/ adv
pod nogami pod nogi
under one's feet

undergarment /ˌʌn.də(ɹ).ˈɡɑɹ.mənt/ /ˌʌn.dɚ.ˈɡɑɹ.mənt/ n
bielizna
any garment worn underneath others

undergo /ˌʌndəˈɡəʊ/ /ˌʌndɚˈɡoʊ/ v
doświadczyć przechodzić doświadczać przejść
to experience

underground /ˈʌndəɡɹaʊnd/ /ˈʌndɚɡɹaʊnd/ /ˌʌndəˈɡɹaʊnd/ /ˌʌndɚˈɡɹaʊnd/ adj
podziemny
below the ground
undergroundowy
outside the mainstream

underground /ˈʌndəɡɹaʊnd/ /ˈʌndɚɡɹaʊnd/ /ˌʌndəˈɡɹaʊnd/ /ˌʌndɚˈɡɹaʊnd/ n
podziemie
movement or organisation of people who resist artistic convention
podziemie ruch oporu
movement or organisation of people who resist political convention

underline /ˈʌndəˌlaɪn/ /ˈʌndɚˌlaɪn/ /ˌʌndəˈlaɪn/ /ˌʌndɚˈlaɪn/ n
podkreślenie
line underneath text
podkreślnik podkreślenie
an _ character

underline /ˈʌndəˌlaɪn/ /ˈʌndɚˌlaɪn/ /ˌʌndəˈlaɪn/ /ˌʌndɚˈlaɪn/ v
podkreślać podkreślić
to draw an underline
to emphasise or stress something

underneath /ʌndəˈniθ/ /ʌndɚˈnið/ /ʌndɚˈniθ/ adv
pod spodem
below; in a place beneath
on the underside or lower face of

underneath /ʌndəˈniθ/ /ʌndɚˈnið/ /ʌndɚˈniθ/ n
dół spód
the part under or lower

underneath /ʌndəˈniθ/ /ʌndɚˈnið/ /ʌndɚˈniθ/ preposition
pod
under, below, beneath

undernutrition n
niedożywienie
inadequate nutrition

underpants /ˈʌndə(ɹ)ˌpænts/ n
majtki gacie gatki slipy
type of underwear

underpay v
niedopłacać niedopłacić
to pay someone less than the value of their work

underperform v
dokonać dokonywać
underachieve; to fail to reach standards or expectations

underpin /ˈʌn.dɚˌpɪn/ /ˌʌn.dəˈpɪn/ /ˌʌn.dɚˈpɪn/ v
podtrzymywać
To give support to
To support from below with props or masonry

underpromotion n
słaba promocja
promotion to a piece other than a queen

underqualified adj
za mało wykwalifikowany

underrated adj
niedoceniany niedoceniony
not given enough recognition

underscore /ˈʌn.dəˌskɔː(ɹ)/ /ˈʌn.dɚˌskɔɹ/ n
podkreślnik podkreślenie podłoga
an underline

understand /(ˌ)ʌndəˈstænd/ /ˌɞndəɹˈstand/ /ˌʌndɚˈstænd/ [ˌʌɾ̃ɚˈsteə̯nd] [ˌʌɾ̃ɚˈstæ̃nd] v
rozumieć
to believe one grasps the meaning of
rozumieć pojmować
to believe
rozumieć pojmować zrozumieć być świadomym znaczenia pojąć
to grasp the meaning of

understandable adj
zrozumiały
capable of being understood
capable of being accepted or excused

understanding /ʌndəˈstandɪŋ/ /ˌʌndɚˈstændɪŋ/ adj
wyrozumiały
showing compassion

understanding /ʌndəˈstandɪŋ/ /ˌʌndɚˈstændɪŋ/ n
wyrozumiałość zrozumienie
sympathy
zrozumienie pojmowanie
mental process of comprehension, assimilation of knowledge, subjective by its nature

understate v
niedomówić niedookreślić
to state something with less completeness than needed

understated adj
bezpretensjonalny skromny
restrained and unpretentious

understatement n
niedomówienie niedookreślenie
statement less than complete

understimulated adj
niedobodźcowany

understory /ˈʌndəstɔːɹi/ /ˈʌndɚˌstoɹi/ n
podszyt
(layer of) plants that grow in the shade of the canopy of a forest above the forest floor

undertake /ʌndəˈteɪk/ v
przedsięwziąć
to commit oneself to an obligation

undertaking /ˈʌndə(ɹ)ˌteɪkɪŋ/ n
antrepryza przedsięwzięcie
That which is undertaken
The act of one who undertakes

underwater /ʌndə(ɹ)ˈwɔːtə/ /ʌndɚˈˈwɔtɚ/ adj
pod wodą
nautical: beneath the water line
podwodny
beneath the water surface

underway /ʌndə(ɹ)ˈweɪ/ adv
w toku
in motion, in progress; being done or carried out

underwear /ˈʌndəwɛə/ /ˈʌndɚwɚ/ /ˈʌndɚˌwɛɹ/ n
bielizna
clothes worn next to the skin

underweight adj
mający niedowagę niedoważony
of an inappropriately or unusually low weight

underweight n
niedowaga
the state of being underweight

underwhelm v
rozczarować
fail to impress

underworld n
półświatek
part of society engaged in crime or vice
zaświaty
world of the dead

underwrite /ʌndəˈɹaɪt/ /ˈʌndəɹaɪt/ v
odpisać ubezpieczyć
to assume financial responsibility for something

underwriter n
asekurant asekurator ubezpieczyciel
A person working for an insurance company who arranges and authorizes an insurance policy with a broker or insured

undesirable adj
niepożądany
objectionable or not likely to please

undetectable adj
nieodczuwalny niewykrywalny
Unable to be detected

undethronable adj
nie dający się detronizować

undeveloped adj
nierozwinięty
lagging behind others, especially in economic or social matters
not developed or used

undignified adj
niegodny poniżający pozbawiony godności
lacking in dignity

undine /ˈʌndiːn/ n
ondyna
female water-sprite or nymph

undisputed adj
bezdyskusyjny bezsprzeczny niekwestionowany
unchallenged
bezsprzeczny bezdyskusyjny niekwestionowany
universally agreed upon

undisputedly adv
bezdyskusyjnie

undisputedness n
bezdyskusyjność

undocumented adj
nieudokumentowany
(of a person) not having official documentation to enter, reside in, or work in a country
lacking documents for identification, authorization, etc.

undocumented immigrant n
nieudokumentowana imigrantka nieudokumentowany imigrant

undoing /ʌnˈduːɪŋ/ n
ruina klęska zagłada zguba
that which defeats

undoubled adj
niepodwojony
not doubled

undress /ʌnˈdɹɛs/ n
dezabil negliż
informal dress
state of having little of no clothes on

undress /ʌnˈdɹɛs/ v
rozbierać
(transitive) remove somebody’s clothing
rozbierać się
(intransitive) remove one's clothing

undrinkable adj
nie zdatny do picia
not drinkable

undulate /ˈʌndjəleɪt/ /ˈʌndjələt/ /ˈʌndjəlɪt/ /ˈʌndjʊleɪt/ /ˈʌndjʊlɪt/ /ˈʌndəleɪt/ /ˈʌndələt/ /ˈʌndəlɪt/ /ˈʌnd͡ʒəleɪt/ /ˈʌnd͡ʒələt/ /ˈʌnd͡ʒəlɪt/ /ˈʌnd͡ʒʊleɪt/ /ˈʌnd͡ʒʊlɪt/ adj
falisty pofałdowany
wavy in appearance or form
falujący
changing one's voice

undulate /ˈʌndjəleɪt/ /ˈʌndjələt/ /ˈʌndjəlɪt/ /ˈʌndjʊleɪt/ /ˈʌndjʊlɪt/ /ˈʌndəleɪt/ /ˈʌndələt/ /ˈʌndəlɪt/ /ˈʌnd͡ʒəleɪt/ /ˈʌnd͡ʒələt/ /ˈʌnd͡ʒəlɪt/ /ˈʌnd͡ʒʊleɪt/ /ˈʌnd͡ʒʊlɪt/ v
falować
intransitive: move in wavelike motions
zafalować
transitive: cause to move in a wave

undulated antshrike n
mrówkodzierzb falisty
bird

undulation n
falistość
appearance or outline
falowanie
wavelike motion
zafalowanie
instance or act

unduly /ʌnˈdjuːli/ /ʌnˈduːli/ adv
bezpodstawnie nadmiernie nienależnie niesłusznie
undeservedly; in a way that is not warranted

undying adj
dozgonny
permanent; never-ending; infinite

uneconomic adj
nieekonomiczny

uneducated /ʌnˈɛdjʊkeɪtɪd/ /ʌnˈɛd͡ʒəkeɪtɪd/ /ʌnˈɛd͡ʒʊkeɪtɪd/ adj
niewykształcony
not educated

unemployed /ˌʌnɪmˈplɔɪd/ adj
bezrobotni
unemployed, used as a substantive: the unemployed as a group
bezrobotny niezatrudniony
having no job

unemployment /ʌn.ɪmˈplɔɪ.mənt/ n
bezrobocie
joblessness

unemployment benefit n
zasiłek dla bezrobotnych
money paid to the unemployed

unemployment rate n
stopa bezrobocia

unenviable adj
nie do pozazdroszczenia
difficult, undesirable, or unpleasant

unequivocal /ʌnɪˈkwɪvəkəl/ /ˌʌnɪˈkwɪvəkəl/ adj
jednoznaczny, niedwuznaczny, bezsprzeczny
without ambiguity

unerring /ʌnˈɜːɹ.ɪŋ/ adj
nieomylny niechybny
consistently accurate

unethical adj
nieetyczny

uneven bars n
poręcze asymetryczne
set of apparatus

unexampled adj
bezprzykładny
lacking prior examples

unexpected /ʌnɪkˈspɛktɪd/ adj
nieoczekiwany
not expected, anticipated or foreseen

unexpectedly /ʌnɪkˈspɛktɪdli/ adv
nieoczekiwanie niespodziewanie niespodzianie
in an unexpected manner

unexplained adj
niewyjaśniony
not explained

unexploded adj
niewybuchły
Not exploded

unfailingly adv
bezawaryjnie

unfailingness n
bezawaryjność

unfair /ʌnˈfɛə(ɹ)/ /ʌnˈfɛɚ/ /ʌnˈfɛː(ɹ)/ [ɐnˈfɛə(ɹ)] [ɐnˈfɛː(ɹ)] adj
niesprawiedliwy nieuczciwy
not fair

unfair competition n
nieuczciwa konkurencja

unfairness n
niesprawiedliwość
state of being unfair

unfaithful adj
niewierny
not keeping good faith; disloyal; not faithful
not having religious faith
adulterous
of a translation: incorrect

unfamiliar /ˌʌnfəˈmɪli.ɚ/ adj
nieznany
not familiar

unfathomable /ʌnˈfæðməbəl/ /ʌnˈfæðəməbəl/ adj
niezgłębiony
impossible to fathom; incomprehensible

unfazed /ʌnˈfeɪzd/ adj
niewzruszony
undaunted

unfeathered adj
bezpióry nieopierzony
lacking feathers

unfetter /ʌnˈfɛtɚ/ [ʌnˈfɛɾɚ] v
wyswabadzać wyswobadzać wyswobodzić
to unchain, to free

unfinished /ʌnˈfɪnɪʃt/ adj
niedokończony
not finished

unflappable /ʌnˈflæpəbəl/ adj
niewzruszony
remaining composed and level-headed at all times

unfollow v
przestać obserwować
to cease to subscribe to (a feed of another user's activity)

unforeseeable adj
nieprzewidywalny
incapable of being foreseen

unforeseen adj
nieprzewidziany
not foreseen
nieprzewidziany niespodziewany
not expected

unforgettable /ˌʌnfə(ɹ)ˈɡɛtəbəl/ adj
niezapomniany
very difficult or impossible to forget

unforgivable adj
niewybaczalny
not forgivable

unforgiving adj
bezpardonowy pamiętliwy
not forgiving

unforgivingly adv
bezpardonowo

unforgivingness n
bezpardonowość

unfortified adj
nieufortyfikowany
not fortified

unfortunate /ʌnˈfɔɹt͡ʃənɪt/ /ʌnˈfɔːtjʊnət/ /ʌnˈfɔːt͡ʃənət/ adj
fatalny pechowy
not favored by fortune

unfortunately /ʌnˈfɔɹt͡ʃənɪtli/ /ʌnˈfɔːtjʊnətli/ /ʌnˈfɔːt͡ʃənətli/ adv
niestety
happening through bad luck

unfounded adj
bezpodstawny bezzasadny nieuzasadniony
not based on solid reasons or facts

unfoundedly adv
bezpodstawnie bezzasadnie niesłusznie

unfoundedness n
bezpodstawność bezzasadność

unfruitful adj
bezowocny
Not bearing fruit

unfulfillable adj
niespełnialny

unfunnily adv
nieśmiesznie

unfunny adj
nieśmieszny

unfurl /ʌnˈfəːl/ /ʌnˈfɝl/ v
rozwijać rozwinąć
to unroll or release

ungodly /ʌnˈɡɑdli/ /ʌnˈɡɒdli/ adj
bezbożny
(informal) extreme; unreasonable

ungrammatical adj
agramatyzcny niegramatyczny
in violation of one or more of the rules and conventions of a language

ungrammatically adv
niegramatycznie

ungrammaticalness n
niegramatyczność

ungrateful /ʌnˈɡɹeɪtfəl/ adj
niewdzięczny
not grateful

ungual adj
paznokciowy
pertaining to or resembling a nail or claw

ungulate /ˈʌŋɡjəleɪt/ /ˈʌŋɡjələt/ adj
kopytny
having hooves

ungulate /ˈʌŋɡjəleɪt/ /ˈʌŋɡjələt/ n
kopytne
hooved mammal

unhappiness n
nieszczęście
feeling of not being happy

unhealthy /ʌnˈhɛl.θi/ adj
niezdrowy
conducive to poor health

unheard-of adj
niesłychany
previously unknown; unprecedented

unhelpful /ʌnˈhɛlpfəl/ adj
nieprzydatny
not helpful

unheralded adj
nieoczekiwany
Without prior warning; unexpected or unannounced

unhesitatingly adv
bez wahania

unhook v
odhaczać odhaczyć
to remove from a hook

unhoped-for adj
nieoczekiwany niespodziewany
not expected or imagined

unhygienic adj
niehigieniczny antysanitarny
lacking hygiene

uni /ˈjuː.ni/ n
uniwerek
university

uniaxial adj
jednoosiowy
having a single axis

unicameral /junɪˈkæməɹəl/ /juːniːˈkaməɹəl/ adj
jednoizbowy unikameralny
having a single legislative chamber

unicellular /ˌjuːnɪˈsɛljʊlɚ/ adj
jednokomórkowy
having a single cell

unicellular /ˌjuːnɪˈsɛljʊlɚ/ n
jednokomórkowiec
single-celled organism

unicorn /ˈjunɪkɔɹn/ /ˈjuːnɪkɔːn/ n
jednorożec
mythical beast

unicycle /ˈjun.əˌsaɪ.kəl/ /ˈjun.ɪˌsaɪ.kəl/ n
rower jednokołowy monocykl
one-wheeled pedaled cycle

unidentifiable adj
nieidentyfikowalny
difficult, if not impossible, to identify or name

unidentified flying object n
niezidentyfikowany obiekt latający
anything in the air not readily explainable

unidiomatic adj
nieidiomatyczny
not idiomatic

unidirectional /ˌjuː.nɪ.dɪˈɹɛk.ʃə.nəl, -daɪ-, -ˈɹɛkʃ.nəl/ /ˌjuː.nɪ.dɪˈɹɛk.ʃə.nəl, -daɪ-/ [ˌjuː.nɨ.dɨˈɹɛk.ʃə.nl̩, -daɪ-, -ˈɹɛkʃ.nl̩] [ˌjuː.nɪ̈.dɪ̈ˈɹɛk.ʃə.nl̩, -daɪ-] adj
jednokierunkowy
pertaining to only one direction

unification n
unifikacja
act of unifying

uniform /ˈjunɪfɚm/ /ˈjunɪˌfɔɹm/ /ˈjuːnɪfɔːm/ adj
jednorodny jednolity
unvarying
jednorodny spójny
consistent

uniform /ˈjunɪfɚm/ /ˈjunɪˌfɔɹm/ /ˈjuːnɪfɔːm/ n
mundur uniform mundurek
distinctive outfit as a means of identifying members of a group

uniform antshrike n
chronka jednobarwna
passerine bird of the antbird family

uniform continuity n
jednostajna ciągłość
property of a function

uniform convergence n
zbieżność jednostajna

uniformitarianism /juːnɪfɔːmɪˈtɛːɹɪənɪzm/ n
aktualizm
the scientific principle that natural processes operated in the past in the same way that they do today

uniformizable adj
zdolny do czynienia równomiernym

uniformization n
czynienie równomiernym

uniformize /ˈjunɪfɔɹˌmaɪz/ /ˈjuːnɪfɔːˌmaɪz/ v
czynić równomiernym
(mathematics)

uniformly continuous adj
jednostajnie ciągły
property of a function

unify /ˈjuːnɪfaɪ/ v
jednoczyć się zjednoczyć się
become one
jednoczyć zjednoczyć
cause to become one

unilateral /ˌjuːnɪˈlætərəl/ [ˌjʉː.nəˈɫæɾ.ɚ.ɻɫ̩] [ˌjʉː.nɪˈlæt.ə.ɹɫ̩] [ˌjʉː.nɪˈlæt͡ʃ.ɹɫ̩] adj
jednostronny
done by one side only

unilaterally adv
jednostronnie
in a unilateral way

unimaginable /ˌʌnɪˈmædʒɪnəbəl/ adj
niewyobrażalny niepojęty
unable to be imagined

unimodal adj
jednomodalny
(mathematics)

unimodality n
jednomodalność
(mathematics)

unimportant /ˌʌnɪmˈpo(ː)ɹtənt/ /ˌʌnɪmˈpoə.tənt/ /ˌʌnɪmˈpɔɹtənt/ /ˌʌnɪmˈpɔːtənt/ adj
nieważny bez znaczenia
not important or noteworthy

uninducible adj
nie dający się indukcji

uninflectable adj
nieodmienialny nieodmienny
that cannot be inflected

uninflected adj
nieodmienny
of a word

uninformative adj
niepouczający

uninhabitable adj
niezamieszkiwalny
not inhabitable

uninhabited /ˌʌn.ɪnˈhæb.ɪ.tɪd/ adj
bezludny niezamieszkany
not inhabited

uninhabitedness n
bezludność

uninstall v
odinstalowywać dezinstalować odinstalować
completely remove hardware or software

uninstallation n
dezinstalacja
process of removing a program

uninstaller n
dezinstalator
a program that uninstalls software

unintelligibility n
niezrozumiałość
quality or condition fo being unintelligible

unintelligible /ˌʌnɪnˈtɛlɪd͡ʒɪbəl/ adj
niezrozumiały
not intelligible

unintentionally adv
nieumyślnie
in an unintentional manner

uninterested adj
niezainteresowany
indifferent

uninteresting adj
nieciekawy
arousing little or no interest; boring or uneventful

uninterruptible power supply n
zasilacz awaryjny zasilacz bezprzerwowy

uninvited adj
niechciany nieproszony
not invited

union /ˈjuː.ni.ən/ /ˈjuː.njən/ n
małżeństwo
marriage
suma (zbiorów) suma mnogościowa
in set theory
unia
computing: certain data structure
związek sojusz unia
the act of uniting or the state of being united
związek unia
that which is united; something formed by a combination of parts or members

unionist n
związkowiec
trade unionist

uniparental adj
jednorodzicielski
from or with only one parent

unique /juːˈniːk/ /jəˈniːk/ adj
wyjątkowy niepowtarzalny unikalny unikatowy
one of a kind

unisexual adj
jednopłciowy
having characteristics of a single sex

unison /ˈjunɪsən/ /ˈjunɪzən/ n
unisono
music: the simultaneous playing of an identical note more than once
the state of being together, in harmony, at the same time

unit /ˈjuː.nɪt/ adj
jednostkowy
mathematical

unit /ˈjuː.nɪt/ n
jednostka
organized group comprising people and/or equipment
standard measure of a quantity
member of a military organization
military: selected reserve unit
military: standard or basic quantity
military: subdivision in a task force
jedność jedynka
number one
jedynka jednostka
algebra: element of a ring
sztuka jednostka
item which may be sold singly

unit circle n
okrąg jednostkowy
circle of radius 1 with centre at the origin, used in trigonometry

unit of measure n
jednostka miary
standardized, reproducible measuring a physical property

unit price n
cena jednostkowa
price of a standard amount of a good

unitarian n
unitarianin unitarianka
Christian who does not ascribe to Trinitarian theology

unitarianism n
unitarianizm
belief

unitary state n
państwo unitarne
state that is governed as a single unit

unite /juˈnaɪt/ /jʊˈnaɪt/ [ju̟ˈnaɪ̯(ʔ)t̚] [ju̟ˈnaɪ̯ʔ] [jəˈnaɪ̯ʔ] [jʊˈnaɪ̯(ʔ)t̚] [jʊˈnaɪ̯ʔ] v
jednoczyć
(transitive) to bring together as one

united /juˈnaɪtɪd/ /juːˈnaɪtɪd/ /jʊˈnaɪtɪd/ [juˈnaɪ̯ɾɪ̈d] [ju̟ˈnaɪ̯ɾɪ̈d] [jəˈnaɪ̯ɾɪ̈d] [jʊˈnaɪ̯ɾɪ̈d] adj
zjednoczony
joined into a single entity

united we stand, divided we fall proverb
zgoda buduje, niezgoda rujnuje
people are more successful as a group than as individuals

unity /ˈjunəti/ /ˈjunɪti/ /ˈjuːnəti/ /ˈjuːnɪti/ n
jedność łączność
state of being one or undivided

unity is strength proverb
w jedności siła
unity makes us become stronger

unity of action n
jedność akcji

unity of place n
jedność miejsca

unity of time n
jedność czasu

univalent /juːˈnɪvələnt/ /ˌjuːnɪˈveɪlənt/ adj
jednowartościowy
having an atomic valence of 1

univerbation n
uniwerbizacja
(linguistics) the diachronic process of forming a new single word from a fixed expression of several words

universal /ˌjunɪˈvɝsl̩/ /ˌjuːnɪˈvɜːsl̩/ adj
kosmiczny uniwersalny
of or pertaining to the universe
uniwersalny
useful for many purposes
common to all society, world-wide
uniwersalny powszechny ogólny
common to all members of a group or class

universal bank n
bank uniwersalny
type of bank

universal banking n
bankowość uniwersalna
activities of a universal bank

universal joint n
kardan przegub Cardana przegub krzyżakowy
type of coupling

universal quantifier n
kwantyfikator ogólny
operator

universality /ˌju.nɪ.vɝˈsæl.ə.ti/ /ˌjuː.nɪ.vɜːˈsæl.ə.ti/ /ˌjʉː.nɪ.vɜːˈsæl.ə.ti/ [ˌju.nɪ.vɝˈsæl.ə.ɾi] [ˌjʉː.nɪ.vɜːˈsæl.ə.ɾi] n
uniwersalność
the property of being universal

universe /ˈjuːniːˌvɜ(ɹ)s/ /ˈjuːnəˌvɝs/ /ˈjuːnɪˌvɜːs/ n
uniwersum
an imaginary collection of worlds
wszechświat
the Universe
an entity similar to our universe

university /junɪˈvɝsəti/ /junɪˈvɝsɪti/ /juːnɪˈvɜːsəti/ n
uniwersytet uczelnia wszechnica
institution of higher education

university student n
student studentka

unjust /ʌnˈd͡ʒʌst/ adj
niesprawiedliwy
not fair, just or right

unjustified adj
bezpodstawny bezzasadny nieuzasadniony
unwarranted

unjustifiedly adv
bezpodstawnie bezzasadnie niesłusznie
without justification

unjustifiedness n
bezpodstawność bezzasadność

unknowing adj
bezwiedny
without knowing

unknowingly /ʌnˈnəʊ.ɪŋ.li/ adv
bezwiednie
without awareness, without intent

unknown /ʌnˈnoʊn/ /ʌnˈnəʊn/ adj
nieznany nieznajomy niewiadomy
not known

unknown /ʌnˈnoʊn/ /ʌnˈnəʊn/ n
niewiadoma
variable

unlawful adj
bezprawny niedozwolony nielegalny
prohibited; not permitted by law (either civil or criminal law)

unlawfully adv
bezprawnie

unlawfulness n
bezprawie
unlawful act
bezprawność nielegalność nieprawność
state of being unlawful

unleaded /ˌʌnˈlɛd.əd/ adj
bezołowiowy
without lead

unleash /ʌnˈliʃ/ v
spuścić
to free from a leash

unleavened adj
przaśny
without yeast

unless /ənˈlɛs/ /ʌnˈlɛs/ conjunction
chyba że
except on a specified condition

unlike /ʌnˈlaɪk/ preposition
w przeciwieństwie do
in contrast with; as opposed to

unlistenable adj
nie do słuchania
not suitable for being listened to

unliterary adj
aliteracki

unlock /anˈlɔk/ /ʌnˈlɑk/ /ʌnˈlɒk/ v
otworzyć (kluczem)
to undo or open a lock

unlosability n
niezdolność do przegrywania niezdolność do stracenia niezdolność do zgubienia

unlosable adj
zdolny do przegrywania zdolny do stracenia zdolny do zgubienia

unlovable adj
nie do kochania

unlovableness n
cecha tego, co jest nie do kochania

unlove n
niechęć niekochanie niemiłość
lack of love

unmanned /ʌnˈmænd/ adj
bezzałogowy
not operated by a person or a crew

unmarked adj
nieoznakowany
not bearing identification

unmarried /ʌnˈmæɹ.id/ /ʌnˈmɛɹ.id/ adj
niezamężna nieżonaty niewydana niewydany
having no husband or wife

unmask /ʌnˈmæsk/ /ʌnˈmɑːsk/ v
zrzucić maskę
to expose the true character of someone
to remove a mask from someone
to remove one's mask

unmatched adj
bezkonkurencyjny
unrivalled

unmentionable adj
niecenzuralny nieparlamentarny
too embarrassing or shocking to be discussed

unmistakable adj
charakterystyczny nieomylny niepowtarzalny niewątpliwy wyraźny
unique, such that it cannot be mistaken for something else

unmistakably adv
niewątpliwie wyraźnie
in an unmistakable manner

unnamed /ˌʌnˈneɪmd/ adj
bezimienny nienazwany
having no name

unneatness n
bezporządek

unnecessarily adv
niekoniecznie
in an unnecessary way

unnecessary /ʌnˈnɛ.sə.s(ə)ɹɪ/ /ʌnˈnɛ.səˌsɛ.ɹi/ /ʌnˈnɛ.səˌsɛ.ɹɪ/ /ʌnˈnɛs.ə.ɹɪ/ adj
niepotrzebny niekonieczny zbędny
not necessary

unneeded adj
niepotrzebny
not needed, not

unnoticed /ʌnˈnoʊtɪst/ /ʌnˈnəʊtɪst/ adj
niezauważony
not noticed

unnutritious adj
beztreściwy

unobjective adj
nieobiektywny
Not objective

unobtrusively /ˌʌn.əbˈtɹuː.sɪv.li/ adv
dyskretnie
in a manner that is not noticeable or blatant

unofficial /ʌn.əˈfɪʃ.əl/ adj
nieoficjalny
not official

unopportunistic adj
nieoportunistyczny
able to be deceived

unoptional adj
nieopcjonalny

unorganizedness n
niezorganizowanie

unorthodox /ʌnˈɔɹθədɑks/ /ʌnˈɔːθədɒks/ adj
nieszablonowy
unusual, unconventional, or idiosyncratic

unpack /ʌnˈpæk/ v
rozpakować rozpakowywać
to remove from a package

unpaid /ʌnˈpeɪd/ adj
niepłatny
done without agreed payment
not paid for

unpalatable adj
niesmaczny
unpleasant to the taste

unparallel adj
nie równoległy

unparalleled adj
bezprzykładny
having no parallel

unparalleledly adv
bezprzykładnie

unparallelness n
nierównoległość

unplain adj
nieoczywisty niezwyczajny

unplayable adj
niegrywalny
that cannot be played

unpleasant /ʌnˈplɛzənt/ adj
nieprzyjemny
not pleasant

unpleasantly adv
nieprzyjemnie szpetnie
in an unpleasant manner

unpleasantness /ʌnˈplɛz.ənt.nəs/ n
nieprzyjemność
The property of being unpleasant or disagreeable

unplug /ʌnˈplʌɡ/ v
odłączyć
disconnect from a supply

unplugged /ʌnˈplʌɡd/ adj
akustycznie
using acoustic instruments

unpolished adj
niedopracowany
not polished

unpopular adj
niepopularny
lacking popularity

unpowerful adj
niepotężny niesilny

unpowerfulness n
niesiła

unprecedented /-pɹiː-/ /-pɹɛs-/ /-tɘd/ /ʌnˈpɹesədentəd/ /ʌnˈpɹiːsədɛntəd/ /ʌnˈpɹɛsɪdɛntɪd/ adj
bezprecedensowy
never before seen or done, without precedent

unprecedentedly adv
bezprecedensowo
in an unprecedented manner

unprecedentedness n
bezprecedensowość
never before seen or done, without precedent

unpredictability n
nieprzewidywalność
The quality of being unpredictable

unpredictable adj
nieprzewidywalny
unable to be predicted

unprefixed adj
bezprefiksalny bezprzedrostkowy

unpretentious /ˌʌnpɹəˈtɛnʃəs/ adj
arcyskromny bezpretensjonalny
not pretentious

unpretentiously adv
arcyskromnie bezpretensjonalnie

unpretentiousness n
bezpretensjonalność

unprideful adj
niepyszny

unpridefully adv
niepysznie

unprincipled /ʌnˈpɹɪnsɪpəld/ adj
bezpodstawny niegodziwy
lacking moral values

unprintable adj
niedrukowalny
not printable

unproblematic adj
bezproblemowy
not problematic

unproblematically adv
bezproblemowo

unproblematicalness n
bezproblemowość

unproductive adj
bezproduktywny nieproduktywny
not productive

unproductively adv
bezproduktywnie

unprofessional adj
nieprofesjonalny
unbecoming of a professional

unprofitable /ʌnˈpɹɑf.ɪ.təbl̩/ /ʌnˈpɹɒf.ɪ.təbl̩/ adj
niedochodowy nieintratny nieopłacalny nierentowny niezyskowny
not making a profit

unpronounceable adj
niewymawialny
impossible or difficult to pronounce or articulate

unprovoked /ˌʌnpɹəˈvoʊkt/ adj
bezpodstawny
without provocation

unprudish adj
bezpruderyjny

unprudishly adv
bezpruderyjnie

unprudishness n
bezpruderyjność

unpunished adj
bezkarny
not punished

unpunishedly adv
bezkarnie

unqualified adj
niewykwalifikowany
ineligible, not qualified

unqualifiedly adv
bezwarunkowo

unqualifiedness n
bezwarunkowość

unquenchable adj
nieugaszony
that cannot be quenched

unquestionable /ʌnˈkwɛs.t͡ʃən.ə.bl̩/ adj
bezdyskusyjny
undeniable, obvious

unquestionableness n
bezdyskusyjność

unquestionably /ʌnˈkwes.t͡ʃən.ə.blɪ/ /ʌnˈkwɛs.t͡ʃən.ə.bli/ adv
bezapelacyjnie bezdyskusyjnie
without doubt

unquestioningly adv
bezkrytycznie
without asking questions or having doubts

unravel /ʌnˈɹævəl/ v
odplatać się odpleść się
(of threads, etc.) to become separated
odplatać odpleść
to separate the threads (of)

unread /ˈʌn.ɹiːd/ /ˈʌn.ɹɛd/ adj
nieprzeczytany
not having been read

unreadable adj
nieczytelny
that cannot be read or is not easy to read

unreal /ʌnˈɹi.əl/ adj
nierealny nierzeczywisty umowny
not real

unrealistic adj
nierealistyczny
not realistic

unrealistically adv
nierealistycznie
in an unrealistic manner

unrealizable adj
nierealny niewykonalny
not realizable

unreason n
bezrozum bezrozumność
lack of reason

unreasonable /ʌnˈɹiːz(ə)nəbl̩/ adj
nierozsądny
not reasonable

unreasoning adj
bezrozumny

unreasoningly adv
bezrozumnie

unreasoningness n
bezrozum bezrozumność

unreciprocated adj
nieodwzajemniony

unrecognizable /ʌnɹɪˈkɒɡnɪzəbəl/ /ʌnˈɹɛkə(ɡ)naɪzəbəl/ /ʌnˈɹɛkənaɪzəbəl/ /ʌnˈɹɛkəɡnaɪzəbəl/ adj
nierozpoznawalny
that cannot be recognized

unrecognizableness n
nierozpoznawalność

unrefined adj
nieokrzesany
of a person: lacking refinement

unreflective adj
bezrefleksyjny

unreflectively adj
bezrefleksyjnie

unrelated adj
z innej beczki
not connected

unrelatedly adv
z innej beczki
the accompanying statement is unrelated

unreliability n
awaryjność
the quality of being unreliable

unreliable /(ˌ)ʌn.ɹɪˈlaɪ.ə.bl̩/ /ˌʌn.ɹəˈlaɪ.ə.b(ə)l/ adj
awaryjny nierzetelny
not reliable

unreliable narrator /(ˌ)ʌnɹɪˌlaɪəbl nəˈɹeɪtə/ /-nəˈɹeɪtɚ/ /-ɹətɚ/ /ˌʌnɹəˌlaɪəb(ə)l ˈnɛˌɹeɪtɚ/ [-ɾɚ] n
nieufny narrator
narrating character or storyteller who provides questionable information to the audience or reader

unreliably adv
awaryjnie
in an unreliable way

unremarkable [ˌʌn.ɹɪˈmɑɹ.kə.bl̩] [ˌʌn.ɹɪˈmɑː.kə.bl̩] adj
nijaki
not remarkable

unremovableness n
nieusuwalność

unrepeatable adj
niepowtarzalny
unable to be repeated

unrequited /ˌʌnɹəˈkwaɪtɪd/ adj
nieodwzajemniony
not reciprocated

unresponsive adj
niereagujący obojętny
not responsive

unrest /ʌnˈɹɛst/ n
zamieszki
state of trouble

unripe adj
niedojrzały
not ripe
zielony
premature

unripeness n
niedojrzałość
state or property of being unripe

unrivaled adj
bezkonkurencyjny
beyond compare, far surpassing any other, unparalleled, without rival

unsafe /ʌnˈseɪf/ adj
niebezpieczny
not safe

unsaleable adj
niesprzedawalny
not saleable

unsalted adj
nieposolony niesolony
not salted

unsanitary adj
antysanitarny niehigieniczny

unsated adj
nienasycony
not sated

unsatedness n
niedosyt

unsatisfactory /ˌʌnsætɪsˈfækt(ə)ɹi/ adj
niezadowalający
inadequate, substandard or not satisfactory

unsatisfying adj
niezadowalający
not providing satisfaction

unsavory /ʌnˈseɪv.əɹ.i/ adj
podejrzany
disreputable

unscathed adj
bez szwanku nietknięty
not injured/harmed

unschooled adj
nieobyty niewyrobiony
not schooled

unscientific adj
nienaukowy
not scientific

unscrew v
odkręcać
loosen a screw etc.

unscrupulous /ˌʌnˈskɹuːpjʊləs/ adj
bez skrupułów
without scruples

unsee v
odzobaczyć
undo the act of seeing something

unseemly adj
niestosowny
inconsistent with standards, etc.

unselfish adj
bezinteresowny
not selfish; selfless; generous; altruistic

unselfishness n
bezinteresowność
the state of being unselfish

unserious adj
niepoważny
not serious

unshaven /ʌnˈʃeɪvən/ adj
nieogolony
not having shaved

unsheathe v
obnażać obnażyć
to pull a sword from a sheath

unsigned adj
bez znaku
not accepting negative numbers; having only a positive absolute value
niepodpisany
lacking a signature, unendorsed

unsinkable adj
niezatapialny
of a ship: that cannot be sunk

unskillful adj
nieumiejętny niewprawny niezręczny
not skilful

unspeakable adj
niewypowiedziany niewysłowiony
incapable of being spoken or uttered

unspiritual adj
nieduchowy

unspiritualness n
nieduchowość

unspoken rule n
prawo niepisane
rule that is understood but does not exist in written form

unsportsmanlike adj
niesportowy
violating the accepted standards of sportsmanship

unstable /ʌnˈsteɪbəɫ/ adj
niestabilny niestały
not stable

unstated adj
niemówiony niewyrażony

unsterilizable adj
nie do sterylizowania
unable to become sterilized

unstick v
odkleić się odklejać się odlepiać się odlepić się
to become freed from a stuck condition
odkleić odklejać odlepiać odlepić
to free from the condition of being stuck

unstoppable /ʌnˈstɔ.pə.bəl/ adj
niepowstrzymany
unable to be stopped

unstressed /ʌnˈstɹɛst/ adj
bezprzyciskowy nieakcentowany
not stressed or accentuated

unstressful adj
bezstresowy

unstressfully adv
bezstresowo

unsubscribe v
rezygnować z subskrypcji zrezygnować z subskrypcji
to cancel a subscription

unsuccessful /ˌʌnsəkˈsɛsfl̩/ adj
nieudany
failed, not successful

unsupervised adj
nienadzorowany
not supervised; not being constantly observed

unsurpassable adj
nie do przewyższania
not surpassable

unsurpassed adj
niedościgniony niedościgły nieprześcigniony niezrównany
not exceeded by others

unsurprising adj
niezaskakujący
not surprising

unsurprisingly adv
niezaskakująco
not surprisingly

unsuspecting adj
niepodejrzewający

unsustainable adj
niezrównoważony
Not sustainable

unsymmetrical adj
asymetryczny niesymetryczny
not symmetrical

unsymmetrically adv
asymetrycznie niesymetrycznie

unthinkable /ʌnˈθɪŋkəbəl/ adj
niewiarygodne
incapable of being believed; incredible

unthinking adj
bezmyślny bezrefleksyjny bezrozumny
without proper thought

unthinkingly adv
bezrozumnie
in an unthinking manner

unthinkingness n
bezrozum bezrozumność

untidiness n
nieporządek nieład
the quality of being untidy

untie /ʌnˈtaɪ/ v
odwiązać odwiązywać
to free from fastening or from restraint
rozwiązać rozwiązywać
to loosen, as something interlaced or knotted

until /ənˈtɪl/ /ʊnˈtɪl/ /ʌnˈtɪl/ /ˈʌntəl/ conjunction
aż
up to the time that
dopóki nie
before

until /ənˈtɪl/ /ʊnˈtɪl/ /ʌnˈtɪl/ /ˈʌntəl/ preposition
do
up to the time of

until all hours
do białego rana do późna

until further notice
do odwołania

until one is blue in the face adv
do utraty tchu
for a long time

until one's dying day
do usranej śmierci

until proven otherwise
dopóki wina nie zostanie udowodniona inaczej

until the cows come home phraseologicalUnit
długo ile wlezie
For a very long time

untitled adj
bez tytułu beztytułowy
having no title

unto /-tuː/ /-tə/ /-tʊ/ /ˈʌntə/ /ˈʌntʊ/ preposition
do ku
Up to

untouchable adj
niedotykalny
not able to be touched

untouchable n
parias
member of the lowest caste

untouched /ʌnˈtʌt͡ʃt/ adj
nieporuszony niewzruszony
not influenced, affected or swayed

untranslatable /ˈʌnˌtɹænz.leɪt.ə.bəl/ adj
nieprzetłumaczalny
not able to be translated

untransmissible adj
niezaraźliwy

untroubled adj
bezkłopotliwy beztroski niefrasobliwy
at peace

untune v
rozstroić
to cause to be out of tune

ununbium n
ununbium
chemical element

ununennium /uːnuːnˈɛniːəm/ n
ununennium
chemical element

ununhexium n
ununhexium
element with atomic number 116

ununoctium n
ununoctium
chemical element

ununpentium n
ununpentium
chemical element

ununquadium n
ununquadium
chemical element

ununseptium /uːnuːnˈsɛpti.əm/ n
ununseptium
element with atomic number 117

ununtrium n
ununtrium
chemical element

unusable adj
nieużywalny
not usable

unused /ʌnˈjust/ /ʌnˈjuzd/ /ʌnˈjuːst/ /ʌnˈjuːzd/ adj
nieużyty nieużywany
not used

unusual /ʌnˈjuːʒuəl/ /ʌnˈjuːʒəl/ adj
niezwykły
not usual

unusualness n
niezwykłość
state of being unusual

unvarying adj
jednolity
lacking variety; uniform
jednostajny
persistent, constant

unwanted /ʌnˈwɒntɪd/ adj
niechciany
not wanted

unwariness n
nieostrożność
the property of being unwary

unwashable adj
niezmywalny
not washable; that cannot be washed

unwavering /(ˌ)ʌnˈweɪvəɹɪŋ/ /(ˌ)ʌnˈweɪvɹɪŋ/ /ˌənˈweɪvəɹɪŋ/ /ˌənˈweɪvɹɪŋ/ adj
nieugięty niezachwiany niezłomny spiżowy
always on course and steady

unwelcome adj
nieproszony

unwell /ʌnˈwɛl/ adj
niezdrowy
not well

unwieldy /ˌʌnˈwɪəl.di/ adj
nieporęczny
difficult to carry, handle, manage or operate

unwilling /ʌnˈwɪlɪŋ/ adj
niechętny nieskłonny niełatwy
not willing; reluctant

unwise /ʌnˈwaɪz/ adj
nierozsądny
not wise

unwitting adj
bezwiedny
unaware
unintentional

unwittingly /-ɾɪŋ-/ /ʌnˈwɪtɪŋli/ /ˌən-/ /ˌʌnˈwɪtɪŋli/ adv
bezwiednie nieświadomie
in an unwitting manner

unworthy /ʌnˈwɝði/ adj
niegodny niegodzien niewart
not worthy

up /ap/ /ʌp/ [äp] [ɐʔp] [ʌp̚] adv
do góry na górze w górę
away from earth’s surface
z-
completely, thoroughly

up /ap/ /ʌp/ [äp] [ɐʔp] [ʌp̚] preposition
do góry w górę
toward the top

up against the wall adj
pod ścianą

up close adv
z bliska
at very close range

up close and personal
z bliska
with intimate detail

up front adj
szczery
open, honest; tending to disclose information; truthful

up in the air adj
na dwoje babka wróżyła stać pod znakiem zapytania
not yet resolved

up one's sleeve
w rękawie w zanadrzu
hidden, in reserve

up to /ˈʌp tuː/ /ˈʌp tə/ preposition
z dokładnością do
mathematics: considering all members of an equivalence class the same

up to speed
na bieżąco
informed

up with the lark adj
wstawać z kurami
awake and out of bed early

up-and-comer n
wchodzący
someone who is up-and-coming

up-to-date /ˌʌp tə ˈdeɪt/ adj
aktualny
current; recent
na bieżąco
informed of the latest news

up-to-dateness n
aktualność
quality or degree

upbraid /ˌʌpˈbɹeɪd/ n
skarcenie
The act of reproaching

upbringing /ˈʌpˌbrɪŋɪŋ/ n
wychowanie
traits
wychowanie wychowywanie
raising or training

update /ʌpˈdeɪt/ /ˈʌp.deɪt/ n
aktualizacja uaktualnienie
action of making something up to date
informowanie
action of advising someone so that they are up to date
komunikat
advisement with up-to-date information

update /ʌpˈdeɪt/ /ˈʌp.deɪt/ v
aktualizować uaktualnić zaktualizować
to make something up to date
informować poinformować
to advise a person so that they are up to date

upgrade /əpˈɡɹeɪd/ /ˈʌp.ɡɹeɪd/ n
modernizacja rozbudowa ulepszenie
an improved component or replacement item

upgrade /əpˈɡɹeɪd/ /ˈʌp.ɡɹeɪd/ v
aktualizować
to replace a program with a later version of itself
rozbudować
to improve

upheaval /ʌpˈhi.vəl/ n
wstrząs afera
sudden violent upset, disruption or convulsion

uphill /ʌpˈhɪl/ /ˈʌphɪl/ adv
pod górę
up a slope, towards higher ground

upholsterer /ʌpˈhəʊlstəɹə/ n
tapicer
a craftsman who upholsters furniture

upholstery /ʌpˈhəʊlstəɹi/ n
obicie tapicerka
materials so used
tapicerka tapicerstwo
craft or business of upholstering furniture

upland sandpiper n
preriowiec
Bartramia longicauda

uplift /ʌpˈlɪft/ /ˈʌp.lɪft/ v
podnosić
to raise something or someone to a higher level

uplifting adj
pocieszający
improving the mood

upload /əpˈloʊd/ /əpˈləʊd/ /ˈʌpˌloʊd/ /ˈʌpˌləʊd/ v
przesyłać wgrywać wrzucać wysyłać ładować
to transfer data

upon /əˈpɑn/ /əˈpɒn/ /əˈpɔn/ preposition
na
being directly supported by another
na ponad
being above and in contact with another

upper /ˈʌpə(ɹ)/ /ˈʌpɚ/ adj
górny wierzchni
at a higher level, rank or position

upper /ˈʌpə(ɹ)/ /ˈʌpɚ/ n
cholewka
the part of a shoe above the sole

upper arm n
ramię
section of an arm

upper case n
majuskuły wersaliki wielkie litery

upper class /ˌʌpəˈklɑːs/ /ˌʌpɚˈklæs/ n
arystokracja szlachta
aristocracy
klasa wyższa
those people at the top of a social hierarchy

upper hand n
przewaga
(idiomatic) advantage

upper house n
izba wyższa
part of a legislature

uppercut n
hak
in boxing

upright piano n
pianino
a keyboard musical instrument

uprising n
powstanie
a popular revolt

uproot /ˌʌpˈɹut/ /ˌʌpˈɹuːt/ v
wykorzeniać wykorzenić
to tear up (a plant, etc.) by the roots, or as if by the roots

ups and downs n
wzloty i upadki
idiomatic

upset /ʌpˈsɛt/ /ˈʌpsɛt/ adj
przygnębiony zaniepokojony zmartwiony
angry, distressed, unhappy
rozstrojony
of a stomach

upset /ʌpˈsɛt/ /ˈʌpsɛt/ n
zmartwienie
disturbance, disruption

upset /ʌpˈsɛt/ /ˈʌpsɛt/ v
niepokoić
make (a person) angry, distressed or unhappy
psuć
disturb, disrupt, unfavorably alter

upside down /ˌʌpsaɪd ˈdaʊn/ /ˌʌpsaɪˈdaʊn/ adv
do góry nogami
in great disorder
inverted

upstairs /ˈʌpˌstɛəz/ /ˈʌpˌstɛɹz/ /ˌʌpˈstɛəz/ /ˌʌpˈstɛɹz/ adj
na górze
located on a higher floor of a building

upstairs /ˈʌpˌstɛəz/ /ˈʌpˌstɛɹz/ /ˌʌpˈstɛəz/ /ˌʌpˈstɛɹz/ adv
na górze na górę
up the stairs; on a higher floor or level

uptight /ʌpˈtaɪt/ adj
spięty
(colloquial) Excessively concerned with rules and order, always serious

upwards /ˈʌpwədz/ /ˈʌpwɚdz/ adv
w górę wzwyż
to a higher position

upwards of preposition
ponad
more than; in excess of

urachus n
moczownik
urachus

uraeus /juˈɹeɪ.əs/ /juˈɹi.əs/ /jʊˈɹiː.əs/ n
ureus ureusz
representation of the sacred asp

uranium /jʊˈɹeɪniəm/ n
uran
uranium (element)

uranography n
uranografia
celestial cartography

urate /ˈjʊəɹeɪt/ n
moczan
any salt of uric acid

urban /ˈɜɹbən/ /ˈɜːb(ə)n/ adj
miejski
of, pertaining to, characteristic of, or happening or located in, a city or town; of, pertaining to, or characteristic of life in such a place

urban planning n
urbanistyka
conscious design of towns and cities

urban-rural gmina n
gmina miejsko-wiejska

urban-type settlement n
osiedle typu miejskiego
an official designation for a semi-urban settlement

urbanism /ˈɜː(ɹ)bənɪzəm/ n
urbanistyka
study of cities
urbanizm
culture of people who live in cities

urbanity /əːˈbæn.ɪ.ti/ /ɝˈbæn.ə.ti/ n
miejskość
what is characteristically urban
uprzejmość
polished and courteous behavior

urbanization n
urbanizacja
growth of cities

urbanize v
urbanizować
to make something more urban in character

urea /jʊˈɹiːə/ /ˈjʊəɹɪə/ n
mocznik
organic compound

ureter /jʊəˈɹiːtɚ/ n
moczowód
narrow duct that carries urine from the kidneys

urethra /jʊˈɹiːθɹə/ n
cewka moczowa
anatomical tube

urgent /ˈɜː.d͡ʒənt/ /ˈɝ.d͡ʒənt/ adj
pilny
requiring immediate attention

urgently adv
pilnie
with a sense of urgency

urheimat /-mæt/ /-mət/ /ˈɜː-/ /ˈʊə.haɪ.mɑːt/ n
praojczyzna
the original homeland

uric acid n
kwas moczowy
bicyclic heterocyclic phenolic compound

urinal /juːˈɹaɪnəl/ /ˈjɝɪnəl/ /ˈjʉːəɹɪnəl/ /ˈjʊɹɪnəl/ n
pisuar
fixture for standing urination

urinary bladder n
pęcherz moczowy pęcherz
urinary bladder

urinate /ˈjʊəɹɪneɪt/ /ˈjʊɹɪneɪt/ v
oddawać mocz oddać mocz

urination /jʊəɹɪˈneɪʃən/ n
oddawanie moczu

urine /ˈjɝɪn/ /ˈjʉːəɹɪn/ /ˈjʊəɹaɪn/ /ˈjʊəɹɪn/ /ˈjʊɹɪn/ n
mocz uryna

urinous adj
moczowy
of, or relating to urine

urn /ɜːn/ /ɝn/ n
urna
a vessel for ashes or cremains of a deceased person

urologist n
urolog
doctor of urology

urology n
urologia
branch of medicine dealing with urinary tract and urogenital system

ursine /ˈɜː.saɪn/ /ˈɝsaɪn/ /ˈɝsɪn/ adj
niedźwiedzi
of or relating to bears

urstromtal /ˈʊə(ɹ)stɹəʊmˌtɑːl/ n
pradolina
glacial valley

urticaria /ˌɜː.tɪˈkɛə.ɹi.ə/ /ˌɝ.tɪˈkɛɹ.i.ə/ n
pokrzywka
medical condition

us /əs/ /əz/ /ʌs/ /ʌz/ pronoun
nas nam nami
objective case of "we"

usage /ˈjuːsɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈjuːzɪd͡ʒ/ n
praktyka językowa uzus językowy
the way words are spoken or written in a community
użycie
act of using something; use
zwyczaj praktyka uzus
habit or accepted practice

use /jus/ /juz/ /juːs/ /juːz/ /jʉːs/ /jʉːz/ n
użycie stosowanie użytek
act of using
użyteczność użytek
usefulness
zastosowanie funkcja
function

use /jus/ /juz/ /juːs/ /juːz/ /jʉːs/ /jʉːz/ v
używać stosować posługiwać użyć zastosować
employ, apply

use a sledgehammer to crack a nut /ˌjuz‿ə ˈslɛd͡ʒhæmɚ tə ˌkɹæk‿ə ˈnʌt/ /ˌjuːz‿ə ˈslɛd͡ʒhæmə tə ˌkɹæk‿ə ˈnʌt/ v
strzelać z armaty do muchy
to use disproportionate or significantly excessive force to carry out an action

used /just/ /juzd/ /juːst/ /juːzd/ adj
używany
that has or have previously been owned by someone else

used bookstore n
antykwariat
store selling secondhand books

used to /juːs(t).tu/ /juːs(t).tə/ /juːzd/ adj
przyzwyczajony
accustomed to

used to /juːs(t).tu/ /juːs(t).tə/ /juːzd/ v
kiedyś
formerly and habitually or repeatedly

useful /ˈjusfəl/ /ˈjuːsfəl/ /ˈjʉːːsfəl/ [ˈjusfl̩] [ˈjuːsfl̩] [ˈjʉːːsfl̩] adj
użyteczny pożyteczny przydatny
having a practical or beneficial use

useful idiot n
pożyteczny idiota pożyteczna idiotka
political sense

usefulness /ˈjuːsfəlnəs/ n
użyteczność
quality of being useful

useless /ˈjuːs.ləs/ adj
bezużyteczny niepotrzebny
without use or possibility to be used

uselessly adv
bezużytecznie
in a useless manner
to no useful purpose

uselessness n
bezużyteczność
quality of being useless

user /ˈjuzɚ/ /ˈjuːzə/ n
użytkownik użytkowniczka
one who uses something, a consumer
person who uses a computer

user interface n
interfejs użytkownika
the part of a software application that a user sees and interacts with

user-friendly adj
prosty w obsłudze
designed to be easy to use

ushabti /uːˈʃabti/ n
uszebti
figurines of servants of the deceased

ushanka /uˈʃɑŋkə/ /uːˈʃɑːŋkə/ n
uszanka abłaucha uszatka
traditional Russian fur cap with earflaps

usual /ˈjuːʒuəl/ /ˈjuːʒəl/ /ˈjuːʒʊəl/ adj
zwykły
most commonly occurring

usually /ˈjuːʒ(ʊə)li/ /ˈjuːʒju(ə)li/ /ˈjuːʒu(ə)li/ /ˈjuːʒəli/ adv
zwykle zazwyczaj
most of the time

usufruct /-sə-/ /ˈjuzəˌfɹʌkt/ /ˈjuːz(j)ʊfɹʌkt/ n
użytkowanie
legal right to use and derive profit or benefit from property that belongs to another person

usufructuary /-tjʊ-/ /ˌjuːz(j)ʊˈfɹʌkt͡ʃʊˌəɹi/ n
prawowity właściciel
a person who holds property, or the use of assets, by usufruct

usurer /ˈjuːzjəɹə/ /ˈjuːʒəɹə/ /ˈjuːʒəɹɚ/ /ˈjuːʒɹɚ/ n
lichwiarz lichwiarka
one who loans money at exorbitant interest rates

usurp /juˈsɝp/ /juːˈzɜːp/ v
uzurpować
seize power

usurpation /ˌjuːsə(ɹ)ˈpeɪʃən/ /ˌjuːzə(ɹ)ˈpeɪʃən/ n
uzurpacja
wrongful seizure

usurper /juˈsɜɹpɚ/ n
uzurpator
one who usurps

usury /ˈjuːʒəɹi/ n
lichwa
exorbitant rate of interest in excess of any legal rates
lichwiarstwo lichwa
practice of lending money at illegal or unfair rates

utensil /juˈtɛn.səl/ n
sprzęt kuchenny
device for domestic use, in the kitchen, or in war

utilitarian /juˌtɪləˈtɛɹi.ən/ /juːˌtɪlɪˈtɛːɹi.ən/ adj
funkcjonalny
practical and functional, not just for show
utylitarystyczny
pertaining to utilitarianism
użytkowy
of or relating to utility

utilitarian /juˌtɪləˈtɛɹi.ən/ /juːˌtɪlɪˈtɛːɹi.ən/ n
utylitarysta utylitarystka
Someone who practices or advocates utilitarianism.

utilitarianism n
utylitaryzm
the theory of the "greatest happiness for the greatest number of people"

utility /juˈtɪl.ə.ti/ /juːˈtɪl.ɪ.ti/ /jəˈtɪl.ɪ.ti/ [juˈtɪl.ə.ɾi] n
program użytkowy
computing: software program with specific task
usługa
business: service provided on a continuous basis by infrastructure
użyteczność
something that is useful
state or condition of being useful

utility knife n
nóż introligatorski
cutting tool

utility pole n
słup telefoniczny
tall cylinder

utopia /juˈtoʊ.pi.ə/ /juːˈtəʊ.pi.ə/ n
utopia
world in perfect harmony

utter /ˈʌtə/ /ˈʌtɚ/ [ˈɐtə] [ˈʌɾɚ] v
mamrotać

utterable adj
wypowiadalny

utterance /ˈʌtəɹəns/ n
wypowiedź
something spoken

uvea n
błona naczyniowa
the middle of the three concenctric layers that make up the eye

uvula /ˈju.vjəl.ə/ /ˈjuː.vjʊl.ə/ n
języczek
appendage that hangs from the palate

uvular /ˈjuːvjʊlɚ/ adj
języczkowy
of a sound, articulated with the uvula
of or relating to the uvula

uxoricide /ʌkˈsɔː.ɹɪˌsaɪd/ n
żonobójca
a man who kills his wife
żonobójstwo
the killing of one's wife

uyezd n
powiat ujazd ujezd
an administrative subdivision

uzi /ˈuːzi/ n
uzi
a type of submachine gun

vacancy /ˈveɪkənsi/ n
wakat
unoccupied position

vacant /ˈveɪkənt/ adj
wolny
not occupied

vacation /veɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n/ /veɪˈkeɪʃən/ /vəˈkeɪʃ(ə)n/ n
wakacje
holiday, period of leisure time

vaccinate /ˈvæksɪneɪt/ v
szczepić
treat (a person or an animal) with a vaccine to produce immunity against a disease

vaccination /ˌvæk.sɪˈneɪ.ʃn̩/ /ˌvæk.sɪˈneɪ.ʃən/ n
szczepienie
inoculation with a vaccine

vaccine /-saɪn/ /-sɪn/ /vækˈsin/ /ˈvæksiːn/ /ˈvækˌsin/ n
szczepionka wakcyna
substance given to stimulate a body’s production of antibodies and provide immunity against a disease

vacuole /ˈvækjʊˌəʊl/ n
wakuola wodniczka
large membrane-bound vesicle

vacuous /ˈvækju.əs/ adj
bezmyślny tępy
showing a lack of thought
próżny pusty
lacking meaningful content

vacuously adv
w próżni
because of being a vacuous truth

vacuum /ˈvæ.kjuː.əm/ /ˈvæ.kjuːm/ n
próżnia
region of space that contains no matter

vacuum /ˈvæ.kjuː.əm/ /ˈvæ.kjuːm/ v
odkurzać odkurzyć
intransitive: to use a vacuum cleaner
transitive: to clean with a vacuum cleaner

vacuum cleaner n
odkurzacz
machine for cleaning

vacuum tube n
lampa próżniowa
electrical device

vacuum-packed adj
pakowany próżniowo

vade mecum /ˌveɪdi ˈmiːkəm/ /ˌvɑːdi ˈmeɪkəm/ n
vademecum wademekum
referential book

vagabond /ˈvæ.ɡə.bɑnd/ /ˈvæ.ɡə.bɒnd/ n
wagabunda włóczęga włóczykij
a person on a trip of indeterminate destination and/or length of time
włóczęga wagabunda
a bum, a hobo, a tramp, a homeless person

vagina /vəˈd͡ʒaɪ.nə/ n
pochwa wagina
anatomical sense

vaginal /vəˈd͡ʒʌɪ.nəl/ /ˈvæd͡ʒ.ən.əl/ adj
pochwowy waginalny
of the vagina

vaginally adv
dopochwowo dowcipnie
via the vagina

vaginismus /vad͡ʒɪˈnɪzməs/ n
pochwica
muscular contraction

vaginoplasty n
waginoplastyka
surgical procedure

vagrancy /ˈveɪɡɹənsɪ/ n
włóczęgostwo żebractwo
being a vagrant

vagrant /ˈveɪɡɹənt/ n
włóczęga drapichrust wardęga włóczykij łazior
person without settled employment or habitation who supports himself or herself by begging or some dishonest means

vague /veɪɡ/ /væɡ/ adj
niejasny
not clearly expressed

vagus nerve n
nerw błędny
tenth cranial nerve

vain /veɪn/ adj
próżny
overly proud of one's appearance

vale of tears /ˈveɪl əv ˈtɪəz/ /ˈveɪl əv ˈtɪɚz/ n
dolina płaczu padół łez dolina łez padół płaczu ziemski padół
the world as the place where difficulties and the sorrows of life are felt

valedictorian /væl.ə.dɪkˈtoɹ.i.ən/ /væl.ə.dɪkˈtoɹ.i.ɪn/ /væl.əd.ɪkˈtɔɹ.ɪən/ n
prymus prymuska
no 1 student

valedictory /ˌvæləˈdɪktəɹi/ /ˌvæləˈdɪktɹi/ /ˌvælɪˈdɪktəɹi/ /ˌvælɪˈdɪktɹi/ adj
pożegnalny
of or pertaining to a valediction; designed for or suitable to an occasion of bidding farewell or parting company

valence /ˈveɪl(ə)ns/ /ˈveɪləns/ n
walencja
number of arguments that a verb can have
value which a person places on something
wartościowość
combining capacity of an atom, functional group, or radical
number of binding sites of a molecule

valence band n
pasmo walencyjne
range

valenki n
walonki
winter felt boots

valentine /ˈvaləntaɪn/ n
walentynka
a person to whom you give, or from whom you receive, a valentine, on February 14th
an expression of affection, especially romantic

valerian /vəˈlɪəɹɪən/ n
kozłek baldrian odolan
Valeriana officinalis

valet /væˈleɪ/ /ˈvæleɪ/ /ˈvælɪt/ n
parkingowy
a person employed to clean or park cars

valiance n
bitność waleczność
quality of being valiant

valiant /ˈva.lɪ.ənt/ /ˈvæ.ljənt/ adj
mężny
possessing or showing courage or determination

valiantly adv
bitnie walecznie
in a valiant manner

valid /ˈvælɪd/ adj
ważny aktualny poprawny prawidłowy
acceptable, proper or correct

validate /ˈvæl.ə.deɪt/ /ˈvæl.ɪ.deɪt/ v
przeprowadzać walidację walidować
to check the validity of

validation /ˌvæl.əˈdeɪ.ʃən/ n
potwierdzenie uprawomocnienie uzasadnienie walidacja
the act of validating something

validator n
walidator
something that validates

validity n
aktualność
having legal force

valine n
walina
essential amino acid C₅H11NO₂

valkyrie /ˈvælˌkɚ.i/ /ˈvælˌkɪ.ɹi/ /ˈvɑl-/ n
walkiria
any of the female attendants, or handmaidens of Odin

valley /ˈvæli/ n
dolina
elongated depression between hills or mountains

valour /ˈvælə/ /ˈvælɚ/ n
męstwo odwaga dzielność waleczność
strength of mind in regard to danger

valuable /ˈvælju(ə)bl̩/ /ˈvæljəbl̩/ adj
drogocenny wartościowy
having a great value

valuable /ˈvælju(ə)bl̩/ /ˈvæljəbl̩/ n
drogocenności kosztowności precjoza
personal possession of relatively great monetary value

valuables n
drogocenności kosztowności precjoza
valuable items

value /ˈvæl.juː/ n
odcień
relative darkness or lightness of a color
wartość
quality (positive or negative) that renders something desirable or valuable
numerical quantity measured or assigned or computed
ideal accepted by some individual or group
relative duration of a musical note
wartość cena koszt
amount (of money, goods or services) that is considered to be a fair equivalent for something else
wartość znaczenie
degree of importance given to something

value /ˈvæl.juː/ v
cenić
to regard highly
to hold dear
wyceniać wycenić
to estimate the value of
to fix or determine the value of

value added n
wartość dodana
amount

value added tax n
podatek od towarów i usług podatek od wartości dodanej
tax levied on added value of an exchange

value for money n
stosunek jakości do ceny
amount and quality

value judgment n
ocena wartościująca
judgment

value proposition n
propozycja wartości
benefit offered by an organization's product or service

valve /ˈvælv/ n
wentyl zawór
device that controls the flow of a gas or fluid
zastawka
in anatomy
zawór wentyl
device in an internal combustion engine

valveless adj
bezwentylowy
having no valves

vamp /væmp/ n
przyszwa
top part of shoe or boot
wamp
seductive woman

vampire /ˈvæm.paɪ.ɚ/ n
wampir upiór wampirzyca wąpierz
mythological creature

vampire bat n
wampir
bat of the subfamily Desmodontinae

vampire squid n
wampirzyca
sea animal

vampiress n
wampirzyca
female vampire

van /væn/ n
dostawczak furgonetka samochód dostawczy
enclosed railway vehicle for transport of goods
van blaszak blaszanka
a covered vehicle

vanadinite n
wanadynit
mineral

vanadium /vəˈneɪdi.əm/ n
wanad
chemical element

vandal /ˈvændəl/ n
wandal
person who destroys or damages property

vandalise /ˈvændəlaɪz/ v
wandalizować zwandalizować
to needlessly destroy

vandalism /ˈvændəlɪzm̩/ n
wandalizm
needless damage or destruction of property

vanguard /ˈvanˌɡɑːd/ /ˈvænˌɡɑɹd/ /ˈvɛnˌɡɐːd/ n
awangarda straż przednia
leading units of an army

vanilla /vəˈnɛlə/ /vəˈnɪlə/ n
wanilia
flavor
natural extract
orchid
fruit
artificial extract

vanish /ˈvænɪʃ/ v
zniknąć znikać
become invisible or to move out of view unnoticed

vanishing point n
punkt zbiegu
point in perspective drawing

vanity /ˈvænəti/ /ˈvænɪti/ [-ɾi] n
próżność
excessive pride
emptiness
próżność marność
that which is vain

vantage /ˈvæntɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈvɑːntɪd͡ʒ/ n
przewaga
advantage
punkt obserwacyjny
place or position affording a good view; a vantage point

vantage point /ˈvæn.tɪd͡ʒ ˌpɔɪnt/ /ˈvɑːn.tɪd͡ʒ ˌpɔɪnt/ n
punkt obserwacyjny
place or position affording a good view

vaper n
vaper, waper
user of electronic cigarettes

vapid /ˈveɪp.ɪd/ /ˈvæp.ɪd/ adj
bezbarwny
lifeless, dull, or banal
beztreściowy beztreściwy
tasteless, bland, or insipid

vapor /ˈveɪpə/ /ˈveɪpɚ/ n
para
the gaseous state of a substance that is normally a solid or liquid

vapor pressure n
ciśnienie pary
pressure that a vapor exerts

vaporize v
parować wyparować
turn into vapour

vardapet /ˈvɑɹdəpɛt/ /ˈvɑːdəpɛt/ n
wartabed
archimandrite in the Armenian Apostolic Church

varenyky /vəˈɹɛniːkiː/ n
wareniki pierogi
a kind of dumplings

variable /ˈvæɹ.i.ə.bl̩/ /ˈvɛə.ɹi.ə.bl̩/ /ˈvɛɹ.i.ə.bl̩/ adj
zmienna
mathematics: having no fixed quantitative value
zmienny
likely to vary
able to vary
biology: tending to deviate from a normal or recognized type
marked by diversity or difference

variable /ˈvæɹ.i.ə.bl̩/ /ˈvɛə.ɹi.ə.bl̩/ /ˈvɛɹ.i.ə.bl̩/ n
zmienna
computing: a named mutable piece of storage
mathematics: a quantity that may assume any one of a set of values
mathematics: a symbol representing a variable
something whose value may be dictated or discovered
zmienny zmienna
something that is variable

variable antshrike n
chronka zmienna
Thamnophilus caerulescens

variable cost n
koszt zmienny
cost that changes with volume of production

variance /ˈveː.ɹi.əns/ /ˈvæɹ.i.əns/ /ˈvɛɹ.i.əns/ /ˈvɛː.ɹi.əns/ n
wariancja
second central moment in probability (statistics)

variant /ˈvæɹi.ənt/ /ˈvɛəɹi.ənt/ adj
odbiegający variante
showing deviation or disagreement
variante
showing variety, diverse

variant /ˈvæɹi.ənt/ /ˈvɛəɹi.ənt/ n
wariant
computing: variable that can hold several data types
wariant odmiana rodzaj
something slightly different

variation /ˌvæɹiˈeɪʃn̩/ /ˌvɛəɹiˈeɪʃn̩/ /ˌvɛəɹɪˈeɪʃn̩/ /ˌvɛɹiˈeɪʃn̩/ n
wariacja
a musical technique based on an altered repetition of a theme
zmienność
the act or state of varying

varicose vein n
żylak
abnormally swollen or dilated vein

variegated /ˈveəɹɪəˌɡeɪtɪd/ /ˈvæɹi.əˌɡeɪtɪd/ adj
pstry srokaty
streaked or spotted with a variety of colours

variegated horsetail n
skrzyp pstry
plant

variety /-ɾi/ /vəˈɹaɪ.ə.ti/ /vəˈɹaɪ.ɪ.ti/ n
forma języka forma mowy odmiana języka odmiana językowa
specific form of a language, neutral to whether that form is an accent, dialect, register, etc., and to its prestige level
odmiana
rank in a taxonomic classification below species and (if present) subspecies, and above form
odmiana rodzaj
specific variation of something

variety is the spice of life proverb
różnorodność jest przyprawą życia różnorodność nadaje życiu smak
variety is what makes life interesting

various /ˈvæɹ.i.əs/ /ˈvɛə.ɹi.əs/ /ˈvɛɚ.i.əs/ /ˈvɛɹ.i.əs/ adj
różny rozmaity
an eclectic range of

varistor /vɛəˈɹɪstə(ɹ)/ n
warystor
electronic component with variable resistance

varmint /ˈvɑɹmɪnt/ /ˈvɑːmɪnt/ n
robactwo
pestering animal
łapserdak
person who is obnoxious

varnish /ˈvɑː(ɹ)nɪʃ/ n
lakier
transparent paint

varnish /ˈvɑː(ɹ)nɪʃ/ v
lakierować
to apply varnish
to cover up with varnish

vary /ˈvæɹi/ /ˈvɛəɹi/ /ˈvɛɹi/ v
różnić się
to display difference
zmieniać się zmienić się
not to remain constant
zmieniać zmienić
to change something with time or a similar parameter

vas deferens n
nasieniowód
vas deferens

vascular adj
naczyniowy
of, pertaining to or containing vessels

vascular plant n
roślina naczyniowa
plant possessing vascular tissue

vasculature /ˈvæskjʊlət͡ʃə(ɹ)/ n
unaczynienie
arrangement of blood vessels

vase /veɪs/ /veɪz/ /væes/ /vɐːz/ /vɑz/ /vɑːz/ /vɔz/ /vɔːz/ n
wazon
container used mainly for displaying flowers

vaseline /ˈvæsəliːn/ n
wazelina
petroleum jelly

vasodilation n
wazodylatacja
dilation of the blood vessels

vassal /ˈvæsəl/ n
wasal
grantee of a fief

vast /væst/ /vɑːst/ adj
rozległy obszerny zdecydowany
very large or wide (literally or figuratively)

vastness /ˈvæstnəs/ n
bezkres
something vast
bezkresność
quality of being vast

vat /væt/ n
kadź stągiew
a large tub, such as is used for making wine or for tanning

vatrushka n
watruszka
a small, round cottage cheese-filled pastry

vaudeville /ˈvoʊd.vɪl/ /ˈvɔ.də.vɪl/ /ˈvɔd.vɪl/ /ˈvɔː.də.vɪl/ n
wodewil
a style of multi-act theatrical entertainment

vault /vɑlt/ /vɒlt/ /vɔlt/ /vɔːlt/ n
piwnica
underground storeroom
skarbiec
secure area for valuables
sklepienie
arched masonry structure
figuratively: anything resembling a vault
skok wolta
act of vaulting

vault /vɑlt/ /vɒlt/ /vɔlt/ /vɔːlt/ v
skoczyć
to jump

vaulting n
woltyżerka
gymnastics on horseback

veal /viːl/ n
cielęcina
flesh of a calf

veche n
wiec wiece
a popular assembly in medieval Slavic countries

vector /ˈvɛktə/ /ˈvɛktɚ/ n
wektor
directed quantity
memory address containing the address of a code entry point
wektor przenosiciel
carrier of a disease-causing agent

vector graphics n
grafika wektorowa
geometrical primitives based upon mathematical equations to represent images

vector product n
iloczyn wektorowy
vector with size given by the product of two vectors

vector space n
przestrzeń liniowa przestrzeń wektorowa
mathematics

veduta n
weduta
A painting of a vista

vedutista n
wedutysta wedutystka
A landscape painter

veery /ˈvɪəɹi/ n
drozdek brunatny
American thrush

vegan /ˈveɪɡən/ /ˈviːɡən/ /ˈvɛd͡ʒən/ adj
wegański
relating to vegans or veganism

vegan /ˈveɪɡən/ /ˈviːɡən/ /ˈvɛd͡ʒən/ n
weganin weganka
supporter of veganism

veganism n
weganizm

vegetable /ˈvɛd͡ʒ.tə.bəl/ /ˈvɛd͡ʒ.ə.tə.bəl/ /ˈvɛt͡ʃ.tə.bəl/ [ˈvɛd͡ʒ.tə.bl̩] adj
jarzynowy warzywny
of or relating to vegetables
roślinny
of or relating to plants

vegetable /ˈvɛd͡ʒ.tə.bəl/ /ˈvɛd͡ʒ.ə.tə.bəl/ /ˈvɛt͡ʃ.tə.bəl/ [ˈvɛd͡ʒ.tə.bl̩] n
warzywo
a person whose brain has been damaged
warzywo jarzyna
a plant raised for some edible part of it
edible part of such a plant

vegetable garden n
ogród
vegetable garden

vegetable oil n
olej roślinny
oil produced from plants

vegetable soup n
zupa jarzynowa
soup made from mixed vegetables

vegetal /ˈvɛd͡ʒɨtl̩/ /ˈvɛd͡ʒɪ̈tl̩/ adj
roślinny
pertaining to vegetables or plants

vegetarian /vɛ.d͡ʒɪˈtɛ.ɹi.ən/ /vɛ.d͡ʒɪˈtɛə.ɹi.ən/ /ˌvɛ.d͡ʒɪˈtɛə.ɹɪ.ən/ adj
wegetariański
relating to the type of diet eaten by vegetarians
of a product normally made with meat, having non-meat substitutes in place of meat

vegetarian /vɛ.d͡ʒɪˈtɛ.ɹi.ən/ /vɛ.d͡ʒɪˈtɛə.ɹi.ən/ /ˌvɛ.d͡ʒɪˈtɛə.ɹɪ.ən/ n
jarosz wegetarianin wegetarianka
person who does not eat any animal flesh
roślinożerca
plant-eating animal

vegetarianism /vɛd͡ʒɪˈtɛəɹi.ənɪzəm/ /vɛd͡ʒɪˈtɛɹi.ənɪzəm/ n
wegetarianizm
practice of following a vegetarian diet

vehicle /ˈvi.ə.kəl/ /ˈviˌ(h)ɪ.kəl/ /ˈviː.ɪ.kəl/ /ˈvɛ.hɪ.kəl/ /ˈvɪə.kəl/ /ˈvɪː(ə).kəl/ n
pojazd wóz środek transportu
conveyance

veil /veɪl/ n
przesłona zasłona
something to hide an object
woalka welon
covering for a person or thing

veiled adj
zawoalowany
(figuratively) partly hidden or concealed

vein /veɪn/ n
żyła
blood vessel transporting blood towards the heart
żyłka
nervure of insect's wing
thickened portion of a leaf

veinlet n
żyłka
a small or secondary vein, especially on the wing of an insect or the leaf of a plant

velar /ˈveɪlə/ /ˈveɪlɚ/ /ˈviːlə/ /ˈviːlɚ/ adj
miękkopodniebienny tylnojęzykowy welarny
articulated at the soft palate

velarization /vi.lə.ɹaɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/ /vi.lɚ.əˈzeɪ.ʃən/ n
welaryzacja
act or process of velarizing

vellum /ˈvɛləm/ n
welin
type of parchment paper made from the skin of a lamb, baby goat, or calf

velocipede /vɪˈlɒs.ɪ.piːd/ n
welocyped
early two-wheeled conveyance

velociraptor n
welociraptor
dinosaur

velocity /vəˈlɑsəti/ /vəˈlɒsəti/ n
prędkość
vector quantity
rapidity of motion

velodrome /ˈvɛl.ə.dɹəʊm/ n
welodrom cyklodrom
arena for bicycle racing

velour n
welur
a knit fabric similar to velvet, but usually somewhat coarser

velvet /ˈvɛlvɪt/ adj
aksamitny
made of velvet
politics
soft

velvet /ˈvɛlvɪt/ n
aksamit
fabric

velvet scoter n
uhla zwyczajna uhla
Melanitta fusca

velveteen /ˈvɛlvətiːn/ n
welwet
cotton fabric with a short pile

velvetiness n
aksamitność

velvety /ˈvɛlvəti/ adj
aksamitny
like velvet

venal /ˈviːnəl/ adj
prostytutka
corrupt, mercenary
przekupny sprzedajny
willing to take bribes

vendace /ˈvɛndɪs/ n
sielawa
Coregonus albula

vendetta /vænˈdɛtə/ /vɛnˈdɛtə/ [vənˈdɛɾə] [vɛnˈdɛɾə] n
wendeta zemsta wróżda
bitter, destructive feud in which each injury is revenged

vending machine n
automat automat sprzedający
machine that dispenses merchandise

veneer /vəˈnɪə(ɹ)/ /vəˈnɪɹ/ n
fornir
thin covering of fine wood

venereal /vəˈnɪ.ɹi.əl/ /vəˈnɪə.ɹɪ.əl/ /vɪ-/ adj
weneryczne
of a disease: sexually transmitted

venereal disease n
choroba weneryczna
contagious disease spread through sexual intercourse

venereology n
wenerologia
branch of medicine

venery /ˈvɛnəɹi/ n
łowiectwo
hunting

vengeance /ˈvɛnˌd͡ʒəns/ n
zemsta odwet pomsta
revenge taken for an insult, injury, or other wrong

vengeful /ˈvɛnʒ.fəl/ adj
mściwy
wanting vengeance

venial /ˈviːni.əl/ adj
lekki
pardonable; able to be forgiven

venison /ˈvɛ.nɪ.sən/ /ˈvɛ.nɪ.zən/ /ˈvɛn.zən/ n
sarnina
the meat of a deer

venom /ˈvɛnəm/ n
jad
an animal toxin intended for offensive use
złośliwość
(figurative) malice

venomous /ˈvɛnəməs/ adj
jadowity
pertaining to or denoting an animal capable of producing a poisonous chemical
trujący jadowity
pertaining to or containing venom

venous /ˈviː.nəs/ adj
żylny
of or pertaining to veins

vent one's spleen v
wyżalać się wyżalić się
to openly express pent-up anger

ventilation /ˌvɛntɪˈleɪʃ(ə)n/ n
wentylacja nawiew
mechanical system used to circulate and replace air

ventilator /ˈvɛntɪleɪtə/ n
respirator
medicine: machine to help breathing
wentylator
device that circulates fresh air and expels stale or noxious air

ventricle /ˈvɛn.tɹɪk.əl/ n
komora
one of two lower chambers of the heart

ventriloquism n
brzuchomówstwo
art of projecting one's voice so that it appears to come from another source

ventriloquist /vɛnˈtɹɪl.ə.kwɪst/ n
brzuchomówca brzuchomówczyni
a person who practices ventriloquism

venture /ˈvɛn.t͡ʃə/ /ˈvɛn.t͡ʃɚ/ v
zapuszczać się zapuścić się
to undertake a risky journey

venture capital n
kapitał podwyższonego ryzyka
money invested in an enterprise

veranda /vəˈɹæn.də/ n
weranda
roofed open gallery

verb /vɜːb/ /vɝb/ n
czasownik
(grammar) a word that indicates an action, event, or a state

verb of motion n
czasownik ruchu

verbal /ˈvɜː.bəl/ /ˈvɝ.bəl/ [ˈvɜː.bɫ̩] [ˈvɜ˞.bɫ̩] adj
czasownikowy
used to form a verb
odczasownikowy
derived from, or having the nature of a verb
ustny
spoken and not written; oral
werbalny słowny
of, or relating to words
concerned with the words

verbal diarrhea n
słowotok
logorrhea

verbal noun n
rzeczownik odczasownikowy
grammar: noun that is morphologically related to a verb and has similar meaning

verbalize /ˈvəːbəlʌɪz/ v
werbalizować
to express

verbalizer n
osoba, która werbalizuje
thing or person that verbalizes
werbalizator
morpheme, particle, etc. that converts a word into a verb

verbatim /vɜːˈbeɪ.tɪm/ /vɝˈbeɪ.tɪm/ adv
dosłownie słowo w słowo
word for word

verbena /vɜːˈbiːnə/ /vɝˈbinə/ n
werbena
a genus of herbaceous plants

verbiage /ˈvɜː(ɹ).bi.ɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈvɝ.bi.ɪd͡ʒ/ n
gadanina
overabundance of words

verbose /vəˈbəʊs/ /vɚˈboʊs/ adj
przegadany
containing or using more words than necessary

verdant /ˈvɝ.dənt/ adj
zielenisty zielony
green

verdict /ˈvɜɹ.dɪt/ /ˈvɜː.dɪkt/ /ˈvɝ.dɪkt/ n
wyrok werdykt orzeczenie
decision on an issue of fact in a civil or criminal case or an inquest

verdigris /ˈvɝ.də.ɡɹis/ /ˈvɝ.də.ɡɹɪs/ n
grynszpan patyna
blue-green patina on copper and copper alloys
color
copper acetate

verge /vɜːd͡ʒ/ /vɝd͡ʒ/ n
gazon
grassy area between the sidewalk and the street

verification n
weryfikacja
the act of verifying

verily /ˈvɛɹ.əl.i/ /ˈvɛɹ.ɪ.li/ adv
doprawdy zaiste zaprawdę
truly, doubtlessly

vermicelli n
wermiszel
long, slender pasta

vermicide n
środek przeciw robakom środek przeciw tasiemcom
Any substance used to kill worms

vermicular adj
robaczkowaty robakowaty
relating to or having the form of a worm

vermiform appendix n
wyrostek wyrostek robaczkowy
blind tube projecting from the caecum

vermilion /vəˈmɪl.jən/ /vɚˈmɪl.jən/ n
cynober
pigment

vermin /ˈvɜːmɪn/ /ˈvɝmɪn/ n
robactwo
Any of various common types of small insects or animals which cause harm and annoyance
szkodnik
An obnoxious, or mean and offensive person

vermouth /vəˈmuːθ/ /vɚˈmuθ/ /ˈvɜːməθ/ n
wermut
wine infused with herbs

vernacular /vəˈnækjələ/ /vəˈnækjʊlə/ /vɚˈnækjəlɚ/ adj
ludowy nieliteracki obiegowy potoczny wernakularny
pertaining to everyday language
ludowy wernakularny
of or related to local building materials and styles; not imported

vernacular /vəˈnækjələ/ /vəˈnækjʊlə/ /vɚˈnækjəlɚ/ n
gwara dialekt narzecze
language unique to a particular group of people
język narodowy język rodzimy język wernakularny
national language
język obiegowy język wernakularny język nieliteracki język potoczny mowa ludowa
everyday speech

vernal /ˈvɜːn(ə)l/ /ˈvɝnəl/ adj
wiosenny
pertaining to or occurring in spring

vernal equinox n
równonoc wiosenna
the moment
the point

vernally adv
wiosennie
in a vernal manner

vernissage /vɛːnɪˈsɑːʒ/ /ˌvɛɹnəˈsɑʒ/ n
wernisaż
private viewing of an exhibition before it opens to the public

versatile /ˈvɜː.səˌtaɪl/ /ˈvɝ.sə.təl/ /ˈvɝ.səˌtaɪl/ [ˈvɜː.səˌtaɪɫ] adj
uniwersalny wielofunkcyjny
having varied uses or many functions
wszechstronny uniwersalny wersatylny
capable of doing many things competently

verse /ˈvɜːs/ /ˈvɝs/ n
werset
a small section of the Bible
wiersz
poetic form with regular meter and a fixed rhyme scheme

versification n
wersyfikacja
The act, art, or practice of composing poetic verse

version /ˈvɜːʃən/ /ˈvɜːʒən/ /ˈvɝʒən/ n
wersja
a specific form or variation of something
computing: particular revision
an account or description from a particular point of view

verst /vɜːst/ /vɝst/ n
wiorsta
unit of length

versus /ˈvɜːsəs/ /ˈvɜːsɪz/ /ˈvɝs/ /ˈvɝsəs/ /ˈvɝsəz/ preposition
a
compared with
kontra versus
in opposition to

vert /vɜːt/ /vɝt/ adj
zielony
of green colour

vertebra /ˈvɜː.tɪb.ɹə/ /ˈvɝ.təb.ɹə/ /ˈvɝ.təˌbɹeɪ/ n
kręg
any of the small bones making up the backbone

vertebral /vɚˈti.bɹəl/ /ˈvɜː.tɪ.bɹəl/ /ˈvɜ˞.tə.bɹəl/ adj
kręgowy
of or relating to a vertebra or the spine

vertebral column n
kręgosłup
vertebral column

vertebrate /ˈvɛɹ.tɪ.bɹeɪt/ adj
kręgowy
having a backbone

vertebrate /ˈvɛɹ.tɪ.bɹeɪt/ n
kręgowiec
an animal having a backbone

vertex /ˈvɜː.tɛks/ /ˈvɝˌtɛks/ n
ciemię
highest surface on skull
wierzchołek
corner of a polygon or polyhedron
element of a graph
highest point
point in 3D space

vertical /ˈvɜː.tɪ.kəl/ /ˈvɝ.ɾə.kəl/ /ˈvɝ.ɾɪ.kəl/ adj
pionowy wertykalny
being perpendicular to horizontal

vertical angle n
kąt wierzchołkowy
opposite angles formed by intersecting lines

vertically /ˈvɜː.tɪ.k(ə)li/ /ˈvɝ.tɪ.k(ə)li/ adv
pionowo
in a vertical direction or position

vertigo /ˈvɜːtɪɡəʊ/ /ˈvɝtɪɡoʊ/ n
zawroty głowy
sensation of whirling and loss of balance

verve /vɜːv/ /vɝv/ n
wigor bigiel werwa
enthusiasm, rapture, spirit, or vigour, especially of imagination such as that which animates an artist musician, or writer, in composing or performing

very /ˈvɛɹi/ adj
identyczny
the same; identical

very /ˈvɛɹi/ adv
bardzo wielce
to a high degree
naprawdę prawdziwie
true, truly

very high frequency n
UKF VHF fale metrowe fale ultrakrótkie
frequency area from 30 MHz through 300 MHz

very well interjection
dobrze
interjection

vesicle /ˈviːsɪkəl/ /ˈvɛsɪkəl/ n
pęcherzyk
cytology: membrane-bound compartment

vessel /ˈvɛs.l̩/ /ˈvɛs.əl/ n
naczynie
container
tube or canal that carries fluid in an animal or plant
statek
craft

vest /vɛst/ n
kamizelka bezrękawnik
garment worn over a shirt
podkoszulek podkoszulka

vestal virgin n
westalka
servant of Vesta

vestibule /ˈvɛ.stəˌbjul/ /ˈvɛ.stɪ.bjuːl/ n
przedsionek
body cavity
westybul przedpokój przedsionek sień hol wiatrołap
small entrance hall before main hall or lobby

vestige /ˈvɛs.tɪd͡ʒ/ n
ślad
mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign

vestment /ˈvɛstmənt/ n
ornat
robe worn by members of the clergy

vestry /ˈvɛstɹi/ n
zakrystia
room in a church

vet /vɛt/ n
weteran
short form of veteran

vet /vɛt/ v
prześwietlać prześwietlić
check or investigate particularly

vetch /vɛt͡ʃ/ n
wyka
plant of the genus Vicia

veteran /ˈvɛ.tə.ɹən/ /ˈvɛ.tɹən/ [ˈvɛ.t̬ə.ɹən] [ˈvɛ.ɾə.ɹən] n
weteran weteranka
old soldier
person with long experience

veterinarian /ˌvɛt(ə)ɹə.ˈnɛɹ.i.ən/ /ˌvɛtʃ.ɹɪn.ˈɛɹ.i.ən/ /ˌvɛʔ.n̩.ˈɛɹ.i.ən/ n
weterynarz weterynarka
doctor who treats animals

veterinary medicine n
medycyna weterynaryjna weterynaria
branch of medicine that deals with animals

vetero-testamentary /ˌvɛtəɹoʊˌtɛstəˈmɛntəɹi/ /ˌvɛtəɹəʊˌtɛstəˈmɛntəɹi/ /ˌvɛtɹəʊˌtɛstəˈmɛntɹi/ [ˌvɛɾəɹoʊˌtɛstəˈmɛnɾəɹi] adj
starotestamentowy starozakonny
of or pertaining to the Old Testament of the Bible

veto /ˈviːtoʊ/ /ˈviːtəʊ/ [ˈviːtʰoʊ] [ˈviːɾoʊ] n
weto
political right
invocation of that right

veto /ˈviːtoʊ/ /ˈviːtəʊ/ [ˈviːtʰoʊ] [ˈviːɾoʊ] v
wetować zawetować
to use a veto against

vexillology /ˌvɛk.səˈlɑl.ə.d͡ʒi/ /ˌvɛk.sɪˈlɒl.ə.d͡ʒi/ n
weksylologia
study of flags

via /ˈvaɪə/ /ˈviː.ə/ preposition
drogą przez via
by (means of); using (a medium)
by way of

viaduct /ˈvaɪəˌdʌkt/ n
wiadukt
bridge with several spans that carries road or rail traffic over a valley

vial /ˈvaɪl/ /ˈvaɪəl/ n
fiolka
small tube-shaped bottle used to store a chemical

viaticum /vʌɪˈatɪkəm/ n
dieta
supplies for journey
wiatyk
Eucharist

vibraphone /ˈvɑɪ.bɹə.ˌfəʊn/ n
wibrafon
percussion instrument

vibrate /vaɪˈbɹeɪt/ /ˈvaɪ.bɹeɪt/ v
rezonować
to resonate
wibrować
to move with small movements rapidly

vibrate mode n
tryb wibracji

vibrationless adj
bezwibracyjny

vibrato /vɪˈbɹɑːtoʊ/ n
vibrato wibracja wibrato
musical effect or technique

vibrator /vaɪˈbɹeɪtə/ /ˈvaɪbɹeɪtɚ/ [ˈvaɪ̯bɹeɪ̯ɾɚ] n
wibrator
device used for massage or sexual stimulation
device that causes vibration

viburnum n
kalina
plants of the genus Viburnum

vicar /ˈvɪkɚ/ n
wikariusz
local representative of higher-ranking member of clergy
person acting on behalf of another

vicarious embarrassment n
zażenowanie
embarrassment felt for someone else

vice /vaɪs/ n
nałóg narów wada występek
bad habit
występek
crime related to prostitution, pornography, gambling, alcohol, or drugs

vice chairman n
wiceprezes
deputy chairman

vice president n
wiceprezydent wiceprezydentka
deputy to a president

vice squad n
obyczajówka policja obyczajowa
police section specialized in vice crimes

vice versa /vaɪs-/ /ˈvaɪsi ˈvɝsə/ /ˈvaɪsə-/ /ˈvaɪsɪ ˈvɜːsə/ adv
odwrotnie na odwrót vice versa
the other way round

vice- prefix
wice-
deputy

vice-chancellor n
wicekanclerz
official

vicenarian /vɪsəˈnɛɹi.ən/ n
dwudziestolatek dwudziestolatka
someone in their twenties

vicereine /vʌɪsɹeɪn/ /ˈvʌɪsɹɛn/ n
wicekrólowa
woman who is a viceroy
żona wicekróla
wife of a viceroy

viceroy /ˈvaɪsˌɹɔɪ/ n
wicekról
governor of a country
butterfly

vicinal /ˈvɪsɪnəl/ adj
sąsiedzki
of or pertaining to a neighborhood

vicinity /vəˈsɪnəti/ n
okolica sąsiedztwo
neighbourhood, or the nearby region
sąsiedztwo bliskość pobliże
proximity, or the state of being near

vicious /ˈvɪʃəs/ adj
bezwzględny zacietrzewiony
violent, destructive
narowisty
savage, aggressive

vicious circle n
błędne koło
situation in which the response to a problem creates another problem
fallacy

victim /ˈvɪktəm/ /ˈvɪktɪm/ n
ofiara
a living being slain and offered as a sacrifice
ofiara poszkodowana poszkodowany
one who is harmed
one who is harmed by a crime
one who is harmed by a disaster or other adverse circumstance
poszkodowana poszkodowany
one who is harmed by their own undertakings

victim of one's own success n
ofiara własnego sukcesu

victimology /ˌvɪktɪˈmɒləd͡ʒi/ n
wiktymologia
the study of the victims of crime, and especially of the reasons why some people are more prone to be victims

victorious /vɪkˈtɔːriəs/ adj
zwycięski
being the winner
of or expressing a sense of victory

victoriously adv
triumfalnie zwycięsko
in a victorious manner

victory /ˈvɪktəɹi/ /ˈvɪktɹi/ n
zwycięstwo wygrana
condition or state of having won a battle or competition, or having succeeded in an effort; an instance of this

victual /ˈvɪt(ə)l/ /ˈvɪtl̩/ [-ɾ(ə)l] n
prowiant
food supplies; provisions

vicuna /vɪˈkuːnjə/ n
wigoń wikunia
vicuna

video /ˈvɪd.i.oʊ/ /ˈvɪd.i.əʊ/ n
wideo
television show, movie
motion picture stored on VHS

video call n
rozmowa wideo wideorozmowa
kind of telephone call accompanied by video imagery

video camera n
kamera wideo
device for recording video

video card n
karta graficzna
display adapter

video conference /- ˌkɒnfɹəns/ /ˈvɪdiəʊ ˌkɒnfəɹəns/ n
wideokonferencja
conference held by video link

video game /ˈvɪdioʊ̯ˌɡeɪm/ /ˈvɪdiːəʊ̯ˌɡeɪm/ n
gra wideo gra komputerowa
type of game existing as and controlled by software

video game console n
konsola do gier konsola konsola gier wideo
dedicated electronic device that is designed to play video games

videocassette n
wideokaseta kaseta magnetowidowa kaseta wideo
cassette containing recorded videotape

videocassette recorder n
magnetowid wideomagnetofon
recording device

videophone n
wideofon
type of telephone

videotape n
kaseta wideo taśma
tape used to record videos

videotape v
nagrywać na kasecie wideo
to make a recording on videotape

vie /vaɪ/ v
współzawodniczyć
to rival; to struggle for superiority; to compete

vieux riche /vjø ʁiʃ/ n
stara szlachta zamożni dziedzice
old money

view /vjuː/ n
perspektywa
computing: logical table in database
computing: user interface part of program
punkt widzenia
point of view
widok
something to look at
widok pogląd
seeing

view /vjuː/ v
widzieć
to look at

viewer n
telewidz
someone who watches television
widz
someone who views a spectacle

viewership n
oglądalność
viewers, collectively

viewfinder n
celownik wizjer
device on a camera

vigesimal /-sə-/ /vaɪ-/ /vɪˈd͡ʒɛsɪm(ə)l/ adj
dwudziestkowy
to the base twenty

vigil /ˈvɪd͡ʒəl/ n
czuwanie
keeping awake

vigilance /ˈvɪd͡ʒɪləns/ /ˈvɪd͡ʒɪlɪns/ n
czujność
Close and continuous attention
czujność baczenie uwaga
Alert watchfulness

vigilant /ˈvɪd͡ʒɪlənt/ adj
baczny czujny
watchful

vigilante /ˌvɪd͡ʒ.əˈlæn.ti/ /ˌvɪd͡ʒ.ɪˈlæn.ti/ /ˌvɪd͡ʒ.ɪˈlɑːn.teɪ/ n
samozwańczy obrońca
person who considers it their responsibility to summarily uphold the law

vignette /vɪnˈjɛt/ n
winieta
decorative design at the head of a chapter, of a manuscript or printed book
photography: the characteristic of a camera lens

vigorous /ˈvaɪɡɹəs/ /ˈvɪɡəɹəs/ adj
energiczny
physically strong and active

vigour /ˈvɪɡə/ /ˈvɪɡɚ/ n
animusz bigiel
active strength or force of body or mind; capacity for exertion, physically, intellectually, or morally; force; energy

vildagliptin /ˌvɪl.dəˈɡlɪp.tɪn/ n
wildagliptyna
antidiabetic medicine

vile /vaɪ(ə)l/ adj
podły niecny nikczemny
morally low

vilify /ˈvɪl.ɪ.faɪ/ v
oczerniać
say defamatory things about; to speak ill of
potępiać
denounce, belittle through speech

villa /ˈvɪlə/ n
willa dacza
a house used as a retreat

village /ˈvɪlɪd͡ʒ/ n
wieś wioska siodło sioło
a rural habitation of size between a hamlet and a town

village green n
nawsie

villager /ˈvɪlɪd͡ʒə/ /ˈvɪlɪd͡ʒɚ/ n
wieśniak wieśniaczka
person who lives in, or comes from, a village

villagization n
przymusowa emigracja na wieś

villain /ˈvɪl.jən/ /ˈvɪl.ən/ n
złoczyńca czarny charakter złol
bad person in a stage or screen play
złoczyńca łotr łajdak
scoundrel

villus /ˈvɪləs/ n
kosmek
small projection from a membrane

vinaigrette /vɪnəˈɡɹɛt/ n
winegret
sauce

vindictive /vɪnˈdɪk.tɪv/ adj
mściwy złośliwy
having a tendency to seek revenge

vine /vaɪn/ n
pnącze
any similar climbing or trailing plant

vinegar /ˈvɪnəɡə/ /ˈvɪnəɡɚ/ n
ocet
condiment

vineyard /ˈvɪn.jəd/ /ˈvɪn.jɚd/ /ˈvɪnˌjɑːd/ n
winnica
grape plantation

vintage /ˈvɪn.tɪd͡ʒ/ adj
klasyczny vintage
having an enduring appeal; classic
zabytkowy
of a car, built between 1919 and 1930
of a watch, produced between the years 1870 and 1980

vintage /ˈvɪn.tɪd͡ʒ/ n
rocznik
year or place something is produced
rocznik vintage
wine identified by year and vineyard
winobranie
harvesting of a grape and initial pressing for winemaking
zbiór
yield of grapes during one season

vintage /ˈvɪn.tɪd͡ʒ/ v
tłoczyć
to make wine from grapes
zbierać
to harvest grapes

vinyl /ˈvaɪ.nl̩/ /ˈvaɪ.nəl/ /ˈvaɪ.nɪl/ n
winyl
substance
record

vinyl record n
płyta gramofonowa płyta winylowa
form of gramophone record

viola /vaɪˈoʊlə/ /vɪˈoʊlə/ /ˈvaɪ.ələ/ /ˈvaɪələ/ /ˈviː.ələ/ n
fiołek
botany: any of several flowering plants

viola /viˈoʊ.lə/ /viˈəʊ.lə/ n
altówka wiola
music: stringed instrument of the violin family

viola d'amore n
altówka miłosna amorka

violate /ˈvaɪəˌleɪt/ v
naruszać pogwałcać
to break or fail to act by rules

violation /ˌvaɪ.əˈleɪ.ʃən/ n
pogwałcenie naruszenie
act or instance of violating

violence /ˈvaɪ(ə)ləns/ /ˈvaɪ(ə)ˌlɛns/ n
gwałt
injustice, wrong
gwałtowność przemoc
extreme force
przemoc gwałt
action intended to cause destruction, pain or suffering

violent /ˈvaɪ.lənt/ /ˈvaɪ.ə.lənt/ adj
agresywny
likely to use physical force
brutalny
involving physical conflict
gwałtowny
involving extreme force or motion
jaskrawy
intensely vivid

violet /ˈvaɪlət/ /ˈvaɪələt/ adj
fioletowy
having a bluish-purple color

violet /ˈvaɪlət/ /ˈvaɪələt/ n
fiolet
colour
fiołek
plant

violet carpenter bee n
zadrzechnia fioletowa
Xylocopa violacea

violin /ˌvaɪəˈlɪn/ n
skrzypce
string instrument

violin maker n
lutnik
person who makes violins

violinist n
skrzypaczka skrzypek
person who plays violin

violist /viˈoʊ.lɪst/ /viˈəʊ.lɪst/ n
alcista alcistka altowiolinista altowiolinistka altowiolista altowiolistka
person who plays the viola

viper /ˈvaɪpɚ/ n
żmija
a poisonous snake in the family Viperidae

viral /ˈvaɪɹəl/ adj
wirusowy
caused by a virus
relating to a virus in biological sense

virgin /ˈvɜːd͡ʒɪn/ /ˈvɝd͡ʒɪn/ adj
dziewiczy
of an object, untouched
dziewiczy dziewicza
of a person, in a state of virginity

virgin /ˈvɜːd͡ʒɪn/ /ˈvɝd͡ʒɪn/ n
dziewica prawiczek
person who has never had sexual intercourse

virgin forest n
las dziewiczy
forest free from disturbance

virginity /və(ɹ)ˈd͡ʒɪnɪti/ n
dziewictwo panieństwo
state or characteristic of being a virgin

virial theorem n
twierdzenie o wiriale
theorem

virile /ˈvɪɹ.əl/ /ˈvɪɹˌaɪl/ adj
męski
being manly
męskoosobowy
pertaining to the grammatical gender

virility /vəˈɹɪlɪti/ n
męskość
the state of being virile

virion /ˈvaɪɹiɑn/ /ˈvaɪɹiən/ /ˈvɪɹiɑn/ /ˈvɪɹiɒn/ n
wirion
particle of a virus

virology /vʌɪˈɹɒləd͡ʒi/ n
wirusologia
branch of microbiology that deals with the study of viruses and viral disease

virtual /ˈvɜɹt͡ʃuəl/ /ˈvɜːt͡ʃ(ʊ)l/ /ˈvɜːt͡ʃʊəl/ /ˈvɵːt͡ʃuəl/ /ˈvɵːt͡ʃəl/ [ˈvɵːt͡ʃɯ(l)] adj
wirtualny
simulated in a computer and/or online
of a class member: capable of being overridden with a different implementation in a subclass
wirtualny dosłowny rzeczywisty
in effect or essence, rather than in fact or reality

virtual machine n
komputer wirtualny maszyna wirtualna

virtual particle n
cząstka wirtualna
virtual particle

virtual private network n
wirtualna sieć prywatna
type of network

virtual reality n
rzeczywistość wirtualna
virtual reality

virtually /ˈvɝt͡ʃuəli/ [ˈvɝt͡ʃuəɫi] adv
praktycznie
almost

virtue /-tjuː/ /ˈvɜː.t͡ʃuː/ /ˈvɝ.t͡ʃu/ n
cnota
excellence in morals
an exemplary quality
chastity and faithfulness
godność cnota
a good model quality

virtue signalling /ˈvɜɹtʃu sɪɡnəlɪŋ/ [ˈvɜ˞tʃ-] n
pokazywanie pozornych wartości
expressing an opinion to make oneself look virtuous

virtuosity /ˌvɜː(ɹ)tjuˈɒsɪti/ n
wirtuozeria wirtuozerstwo wirtuozja wirtuozostwo
technical skills and fluent style of a virtuoso

virtuoso /ˌvɜ.tʃuˈəʊ.səʊ/ /ˌvɝ.t͡ʃuˈoʊ.soʊ/ n
wirtuoz wirtuozka
A person with masterly ability, technique or style

virtuous /ˈvɜːt͡ʃʊəs/ /ˈvɝt͡ʃuəs/ adj
cnotliwy
full of virtue; having excellent moral character

virtuous circle /ˈvɜː.t͡ʃʊ.əs ˈsɜː.kəl/ /ˈvɝ.t͡ʃu.əs ˈsɝ.kəl/ n
koło sukcesu
situation in which the solution to one problem makes each future problem easier to solve

virulence /ˈvɪɹjələns/ /ˈvɪɹələns/ n
wirulencja
the state of being virulent

virus /ˈvaɪɹəs/ n
wirus
infectious organism
wirus wirus komputerowy
computer virus

vis-à-vis /viz.ɑˈvi/ /viz.əˈvi/ /viːz.æˈviː/ /viːz.ɑːˈviː/ preposition
vis-à-vis naprzeciw naprzeciwko
opposite

visa /ˈviː.sə/ /ˈviː.zə/ n
wiza
permit

visa-free adj
bezwizowy
not requiring a visa

visage /vɪˈsɑd͡ʒ/ /ˈvɪzɪd͡ʒ/ n
oblicze
countenance; appearance; face

visaless adj
bezwizowy
without a visa
without requiring a visa

viscacha /vɪˈskatʃə/ /vɪˈskɑt͡ʃə/ n
wiskacza
rodents of the genera Lagidium and Lagostomus, within family Chinchillidae

viscera n
trzewia
internal organs of the body

viscometer n
lepkościomierz
instrument used to measure viscosity

viscosity /vɪsˈkɑsɪti/ /vɪsˈkɒsɪti/ n
lepkość
physics: quantity expressing the magnitude of internal friction in a fluid

viscount /ˈvaɪkaʊnt/ n
wicehrabia
a member of the peerage above a baron but below a count or earl

viscountess n
wicehrabina
a woman holding the rank of viscount in her own right

viscous /ˈvɪs.kəs/ adj
lepki kleisty
having a thick, sticky consistency

vise /vaɪs/ n
imadło
two-jawed instrument for holding work

visibility /ˌvɪz.əˈbɪl.ə.ti/ /ˌvɪz.əˈbɪl.ɪ.ti/ /ˌvɪz.ɪˈbɪl.ɪ.ti/ n
widoczność
degree to which things may be seen

visible /ˈvɪzəb(ə)l/ adj
widoczny widzialny
able to be seen

visible light n
światło widzialne
part of the electromagnetic spectrum

vision /ˈvɪʒ.ən/ [ˈvɪʒ.n̩] n
wizja
religious or mystical experience
wzrok widzenie
sense or ability of sight

visit /ˈvɪzɪt/ n
wizyta odwiedziny
single act of visiting

visit /ˈvɪzɪt/ v
odwiedzać nawiedzić odwiedzić złożyć wizytę
to go and meet (someone)

visitation /ˌvɪzɪˈteɪʃən/ n
nawiedzenie
punishment or blessing ordained by God
wizytacja
official visit
wizytacja wizytowanie zwizytowanie
act of visiting

visitor /ˈvɪzɪtə/ /ˈvɪzɪtɚ/ n
odwiedzający gość
guest

visor /ˈvaɪzɚ/ n
przyłbica
part of a helmet

vista /ˈviːstə/ /ˈvɪstə/ n
widok
distant view or prospect

visual /ˈvɪzjuːəl/ /ˈvɪʒuəl/ /ˈvɪʒuːəl/ /ˈvɪʒwəl/ /ˈvɪʒəl/ adj
wizualny
related to or affecting the vision

visual arts n
sztuki plastyczne sztuki wizualne
art forms that are primarily visual in nature

visualise /ˈvɪzjʊəlaɪz/ /ˈvɪʒuəlaɪz/ /ˈvɪʒwəlaɪz/ /ˈvɪʒəlaɪz/ /ˈvɪʒʊəlaɪz/ v
uwidocznić
to make visible
wizualizować
to form a mental picture

visualization /ˌvɪzjʊəlaɪˈzeɪʃən/ /ˌvɪʒuələˈzeɪʃən/ /ˌvɪʒwələˈzeɪʃən/ /ˌvɪʒəlaɪˈzeɪʃən/ /ˌvɪʒʊəlaɪˈzeɪʃən/ n
wizualizacja
the act of visualizing, or something visualized

visualizer n
wzrokowiec
a person whose mental imagery is visual

visually /ˈvɪzju.əli/ /ˈvɪʒu.əli/ /ˈvɪʒəli/ adv
wizualnie
by means of sight

vital /ˈvaɪtəl/ adj
niezbędny do życia
necessary to the continuation of life
życiowy witalny
relating to, or characteristic of life

vitalism n
witalizm
doctrine that life involves a "vital force"

vitamer n
prowitamina
combination of substances that function as a vitamin

vitamin /ˈvaɪ.tə.mɪn/ /ˈvɑet.ə.mən/ /ˈvɪt.ə.mɪn/ [ˈvʌɪ.ɾə.mɪn] n
witamina
organic compound essential to human health

vitamin A n
akseroftol witamina A
any fat-soluble vitamin essential for vision

vitamin C n
witamina C
L-enantiomer of ascorbic acid

vitaminic adj
witaminowy
containing vitamins
of or pertaining to vitamins

vitaminless adj
bezwitaminowy

vitiligo /ˌvɪtɪˈlaɪɡəʊ/ n
bielactwo
patchy loss of skin pigmentation

vitreous humour n
ciało szkliste
clear gel

vitrify /ˈvɪt.ɹɪˌfaɪ/ v
zeszklić
to be made into glass

vitrine /vəˈtɹiːn/ /vɪˈtɹiːn/ n
witryna
glass-paneled cabinet or case

vituperative /vaɪˈtjuːpɹətɪv/ /vaɪˈtuːpɚətɪv/ /vɪˈtjuːpɹətɪv/ /vɪˈtuːpɚətɪv/ adj
potępiający
marked by harsh spoken or written abuse; abusive, often with ranting or railing

vivianite n
wiwianit
mineral

vividness n
plastyka
state of being vivid

viviparous /vɪˈvɪpəɹəs/ adj
żyworodny
of an animal

viviparous blenny n
węgorzyca
fish in the family Zoarcidae

vivisection /ˌvɪvɪˈsɛkʃən/ n
wiwisekcja
The action of invasive treatment of a living organism for scientific investigation

vixen /ˈvɪk.sən/ n
jędza kurwa suka
temperamental woman
lisica liszka
female fox

viz. /vɪz/ adv
tj.
abbreviation for namely

vizier /vɪˈzɪə/ /vɪˈzɪɹ/ /ˈvɪzɪə/ n
wezyr
high-ranking official

vlog /ˈviːˌlɑɡ/ /ˈviːˌlɒɡ/ /ˈvlɑɡ/ /ˈvlɒɡ/ n
vlog
weblog using video

vlogger n
vloger vlogerka
a contributor to a vlog

vocabulary /voʊˈkæbjəlɛɹi/ /vəʊˈkabjʊləɹɪ/ /vəˈkabjʊləɹɪ/ /vəˈkæbjəlɛɹi/ n
słownictwo
list of words
słownictwo leksyka
words of a language collectively
słownictwo nomenklatura
stock of words used in a particular field
słownictwo słownik zasób słowny
set of words a person knows

vocal /ˈvoʊ.kəl/ /ˈvəʊ.kəl/ adj
wokalny głosowy
of or pertaining to the voice or speech

vocal cord n
struna głosowa więzadło głosowe
folds of mucous membrane

vocal cords n
struny głosowe
folds of tissue

vocalic /voʊˈkælɪk/ /vəʊˈkælɪk/ adj
samogłoskowy
used as a vowel

vocalism n
wokalizm
The vowel sounds used in a language

vocalist /ˈvoʊkəlɪst/ n
wokalista wokalistka
singer

vocation /voʊˈkeɪʃən/ /vəʊˈkeɪʃən/ n
powołanie posłannictwo
occupation for which a person is suited

vocational school n
szkoła zawodowa zawodówka
A school that provides training in specific skills required for different industries.

vocative /ˈvoʊkətɪv/ /ˈvɑkətɪv/ /ˈvɒkətɪv/ adj
wołacz
grammar: used in address

vocative case n
wołacz
case of address

vociferation /voʊˌsɪf.əˈɹeɪ.ʃən/ /vəʊˌsɪf.əˈɹeɪ.ʃən/ n
krzyk
act of exclaiming; violent outcry

vodka /ˈvɑdkə/ /ˈvɒdkə/ n
wódka
clear distilled alcoholic liquor
serving

vodyanoy n
wodnik
type of water sprite

voice /vɔɪs/ n
głos
sound uttered by the mouth
opinion or choice expressed; judgment; a vote
language; words; speech; expression; signification of feeling or opinion
the faculty or power of utterance
command, precept
odgłos głos
tone or sound emitted by anything
strona głos
grammar: particular mode of inflecting or conjugating verbs

voice actor n
aktor głosowy
an actor who provides voices for animations, dubbed films

voice message n
głosówka wiadamość głosowa
message left on a voice mail system

voice of reason n
głos rozsądku

voice-over /ˈvɔɪsoʊvɚ/ /ˈvɔɪsəʊvə/ n
lektor tłumaczenie lektorskie wersja lektorska wydanie lektorskie
voice-overed release
lektor ścieżka lektorska
audio track
szeptanka tłumaczenie lektorskie
production technique

voiced /vɔɪst/ adj
dźwięczny
sounded with vibration of the vocal cords

voiceless /ˈvɔɪsləs/ adj
bezdźwięczny
phonetics, of a consonant: spoken without vibration of the vocal cords
bezdźwięczny bezgłośny niemy
lacking a voice, without vocal sound

voicelessly adv
bezdźwięcznie

voicelessness n
bezdźwięczność

voicemail n
poczta głosowa
system

voicing /ˈvɔɪsɪŋ/ n
udźwięcznienie
phonological process that turns a voiceless sound into a voiced one

void /vɔɪd/ adj
nieważny
having lost all legal validity

void /vɔɪd/ n
próżnia pustka
an empty space; a vacuum

voilà /(v)wɑˈlɑ/ /vwæˈlɑː/ /vwɑːˈlɑː/ /vwʌˈlɑː/ interjection
ot oto voilà
behold!

voivode /ˈvɔɪˌvoʊd/ /ˈvɔɪˌvəʊd/ n
wojewoda
local ruler or official in various parts of central and eastern Europe
administrative chief in modern Poland

voivodeship /ˈvɔɪˌvoʊdˌʃɪp/ /ˈvɔɪˌvəʊdˌʃɪp/ n
województwo
jurisdiction of a voivode
highest-level administrative subdivision of Poland

vol. n
t.
abbreviation of (the equivalent of) volume

volatile /ˈvɑl.ə.tl̩/ /ˈvɑl.əˌtaɪ.əl/ /ˈvɒl.əˌtaɪ.(ə)l/ [ˈvɑ.lə.ɾɫ̩] adj
lotny
evaporating or vaporizing readily under normal conditions
napięty
(of a situation) potentially violent
niestabilny zmienny
(of a price etc) variable or erratic
nieuchwytny ulotny
temporary or ephemeral
ulotny
(computing, of memory) whose content is lost when the computer is powered down

volcanic /vɒlˈkanɪk/ adj
wulkaniczny
of or pertaining to a volcano
produced by a volcano
changed or affected by the heat of a volcano

volcanic bomb n
bomba wulkaniczna

volcanism n
wulkanizm
natural phenomena associated with volcanoes

volcano /vɑl.ˈkeɪ.noʊ/ /vɒl.ˈkeɪ.nəʊ/ /vɒl.ˈkɑː.nəʊ/ /vɔl.ˈkeɪ.noʊ/ n
wulkan
mountain containing a magma chamber

volcanological adj
wulkanologiczny
of or pertaining to volcanology

volcanology /ˌvɒl.kə.ˈnɒ.lə.dʒi/ n
wulkanologia
study of volcanoes

vole /ˈvəʊl/ n
nornica nornik polnik
small rodents of the subfamily Arvicolinae

volkhv /ˈvoʊlxəv/ n
wołchw
Slavic high priest

volley /ˈvɑli/ /ˈvɒli/ n
salwa
simultaneous fire
volley wolej
flight of a ball before it bounces
shot in which the ball is played before it hits the ground

volleyball /ˈvɒlibɔ(ː)l/ n
piłka siatkowa piłka do siatkówki
ball used to play the game
siatkówka piłka siatkowa siata siatka
game

volleyball player n
siatkarz siatkarka
volleyball player

volost n
wołost włość
a traditional administrative subdivision

volt /voʊlt/ /vɒlt/ /vəʊlt/ n
wolt
unit of measure

voltage /voʊltɪd͡ʒ/ /vəʊltɪd͡ʒ/ n
napięcie woltaż
difference in electrostatic potential

voltammeter n
amperowoltomierz

voltmeter /ˈvoʊltˌmitɚ/ n
woltomierz
instrument for measuring electric potential

volume /ˈvɑl.jum/ /ˈvɑl.jəm/ /ˈvɒl.juːm/ /ˈvɒl.jʊm/ n
głośność objętość
strength of sound
objętość
three-dimensional measure of space
synonym for quantity
rocznik objętość
issues of a periodical over a period of one year
tom wolumin
single book of a publication issued in multi-book format, such as an encyclopedia
wolumin
computing: accessible storage area with a single file system

voluntarily /ˈvɒləntɹɪli/ /ˌvɑlənˈtɛɹɪli/ adv
dobrowolnie
in a voluntary manner

voluntary /ˈvɑ.lənˌtɛɹ.i/ /ˈvɒl.ən.tɹi/ adj
dobrowolny
done, given, or acting of one's own free will

volunteer /-ˈtɪɚ/ /ˌvɑlənˈtɪɹ/ /ˌvɒl(ə)nˈtɪə/ n
ochotnik
voluntary soldier
ochotnik wolontariusz wolontariuszka
one who voluntarily offers themselves for service
samosiejka
volunteer plant

volunteer /-ˈtɪɚ/ /ˌvɑlənˈtɪɹ/ /ˌvɒl(ə)nˈtɪə/ v
oferować się zaoferować się zgłaszać się na ochotnika zgłosić się na ochotnika
to do or offer to do something voluntarily
zaciągać się zaciągnąć się
to enlist oneself as a volunteer
zgłaszać na ochotnika zgłosić na ochotnika
to offer the services of (someone else) to do something

volunteering n
wolontariat
act of volunteering

voluntell /ˌvɑlənˈtɛl/ /ˌvɒl(ə)nˈtɛl/ v
zgłaszać na ochotnika zgłosić na ochotnika
to tell or force (someone) to volunteer to do something

voluptuous /vəˈlʌp.t͡ʃu.əs/ adj
ponętny
curvaceous and sexually attractive

volute /vəˈluːt/ n
woluta
spiral on Ionic capital

volvulus /ˈvɑl.vjəl.əs/ /ˈvɒl.vjʊl.əs/ n
skręt jelit skręt kiszek
twist in a loop of the bowel

vomer bone n
lemiesz
small thin bone that forms part of the septum between the nostrils

vomit /ˈvɑmɪt/ /ˈvɒmɪt/ n
wymiociny
regurgitated former contents of a stomach

vomit /ˈvɑmɪt/ /ˈvɒmɪt/ v
wymiotować rzygać zwracać
regurgitate the contents of a stomach

voodoo /ˈvuːduː/ n
voodoo wudu
Afro-Caribbean religion

voracious /vɔːˈɹeɪ.ʃəs/ /vəˈɹeɪ.ʃəs/ adj
zachłanny
having a great appetite for anything
zachłanny żarłoczny
devouring great quantities of food

vorarephilia n
worarefilia
sexual fetish

vorpal /ˈvɔɹpl̩/ /ˈvɔːpl̩/ adj
migbłystalny
RPG, of a blade: likely to decapitate

vortal n
wortal

vortex /ˈvɔɹtɛks/ n
wir
whirlpool
anything which draws surrounding things
anything involving violent or chaotic activity around some centre

vortex mixer n
wytrząsarka

vortical /ˈvɔːtɪk(ə)l/ adj
wirowy
pertaining to a vortex

vote /voʊt/ /vəʊt/ n
głos wotum
formalised choice
głosowanie
instance of voting

vote /voʊt/ /vəʊt/ v
głosować zagłosować
assert a formalised choice

vote of confidence n
wotum zaufania
motion proposed in a parliament or other assembly

vote of no confidence n
wotum nieufności
parliamentary motion

vote with one's feet v
głosować nogami zagłosować nogami
to express one's preferences through one's actions

vote with one's wallet v
głosować portfelem zagłosować portfelem
support or boycott a company financially with regard to one's values

voter /ˈvoʊtɚ/ /ˈvəʊtə(ɹ)/ n
wyborca
one who votes

voting /ˈvoʊtɪŋ/ n
głosowanie
action of the verb to vote

voting booth n
kabina wyborcza
small compartment where a voter may register a vote

votive /ˈvoʊ.tɪv/ /ˈvəʊ.tɪv/ adj
wotywny
dedicated or given in fulfillment of a vow or pledge

vouch /ˈvaʊt͡ʃ/ v
odpowiadać ręczyć
to express confidence in or take responsibility for (the correctness or truth of) something

voucher /ˈvaʊt͡ʃə(ɹ)/ n
talon
a piece of paper that entitles the holder to a discount, or that can be exchanged for goods and services

vouchsafe /ˌvaʊt͡ʃˈseɪf/ [ˌvʌʊtʃˈseɪf] v
zaszczycać zaszczycić
Condescendingly grant a right

voussoir /vuˈswɑːr/ n
kliniec
wedge-shaped brick or stone

vow /vaʊ/ n
przysięga ślub
a solemn promise to perform some act, or behave in a specified manner

vowel /vaʊl/ /ˈvaʊ.əl/ n
samogłoska
sound
letter

vowel harmony n
harmonia samogłosek
phonological process

vox populi /ˈvɒks ˈpɒpjuːlaɪ/ n
vox populi
voice of the people

voyage /ˈvɔɪ.ɪd͡ʒ/ n
rejs
long journey; especially by ship

voyeur /vwɑ.ˈjɜɹ/ /vwɑː.ˈjɜː/ /vɔɪ.ˈjɜr/ /vɔɪ.ˈjɜː/ n
podglądacz
a person who derives sexual pleasure from secretly observing other people

voyeurism /vwɑːˈjɜːɹɪz(ə)m/ n
oglądactwo wojeryzm
derivation of sexual satisfaction by watching people secretly

voyeuristic adj
voyeurystyczny
of, relating to, or derived from voyeurism

vroom /vɹum/ /vɹuːm/ /vɹʊm/ interjection
brum
the sound of a sports car’s engine

vroom /vɹum/ /vɹuːm/ /vɹʊm/ n
warkot
the sound of an engine

vroom /vɹum/ /vɹuːm/ /vɹʊm/ v
zasuwać
To move with great speed

vulcanization n
wulkanizacja
process by which rubber is hardened using heat and sulphur

vulgar /ˈvʌl.ɡə/ /ˈvʌl.ɡɚ/ adj
wulgarny obsceniczny
distasteful, uncouth, obscene

vulgarian /vʌlˈɡɛəɹi.ən/ n
parweniusz
vulgar individual

vulgarism n
wulgaryzm
word or term that is considered offensive or vulgar

vulnerability /ˌvʌln(ə)ɹəˈbɪlɪti/ /ˌvʌn(ə)ɹəˈbɪlɪti/ n
wrażliwość
state of being vulnerable

vulnerable /ˈvʌln(ə)ɹəbl̩/ /ˈvʌn(ə)ɹəbl̩/ adj
wrażliwy bezbronny
exposed to attack

vulnerably adv
bezbronnie
in a vulnerable manner

vulpine /ˈvʌlpaɪn/ adj
lisi
pertaining to a fox

vulture /ˈvʌltʃə/ /ˈvʌlt͡ʃɚ/ n
sęp
bird
person

vulva /ˈvʌlvə/ n
srom
collectively the external female sexual organs

vulvectomy n
wulwektomia
surgical removal of vulva

vulvodynia n
wulwodynia

vuvuzela /vuːvuːˈzeɪlə/ /vuːvuːˈzɛlə/ n
wuwuzela
horn

vyshyvanka n
wyszywanka
traditional Ukrainian and Belarusian clothing

wad /wɑd/ /wɒd/ n
flejtuch przybitka
soft plug
plik
substantial pile (normally of money)

wad hook n
grajcar kulociąg
two spiral blades arranged something like a corkscrew for extracting spherical objects from the bottom of a bore-hole, particularly a bullet from a firearm

wade /wed/ /weɪd/ v
brnąć
to walk through water or something that impedes progress

wadi /ˈwɑdi/ n
wadi ued wadis
a valley, gully, or stream-bed in northern Africa and southwest Asia that remains dry except during the rainy season

wading pool n
brodzik
shallow pool

wafer /ˈweɪfə/ n
podłoże wafel
electronics
wafelek andrucik andrut wafel
biscuit

waffle /ˈwɑf.l̩/ /ˈwɒf.l̩/ [ˈwɑf.ɫ̩] n
gofr wafel
flat pastry pressed with a grid pattern
wodolejstwo
(often lengthy) speech or writing that is evasive or vague, or pretentious

waffle iron n
gofrownica
a cooking appliance used to make waffles

waffly adj
przegadany
vague in meaning, of speech, often done in order to obfuscate or to avoid answering

wag /wæɡ/ v
machać merdać machnąć merdnąć zamerdać
to swing from side to side
wagarować
to skip school

wage /weɪd͡ʒ/ n
pensja płaca
money paid to a worker

wage /weɪd͡ʒ/ v
prowadzić toczyć
to conduct or carry out

wager /ˈweɪd͡ʒɚ/ n
zakład
an agreement

wagon /ˈwæɡ(ə)n/ /ˈwæɡən/ /ˈwæːɡən/ n
wóz
four-wheeled cart for hauling loads

wagoner n
furman woźnica
Someone who drives a wagon

wagtail n
pliszka
various small passerine birds

waif /weɪf/ n
podrzutek
person (especially a child) who is homeless and without means of support

wail /weɪl/ [weɪɫ] n
bek
loud cry or shriek

wail /weɪl/ [weɪɫ] v
kwilić zawodzić
to cry out

waist /weɪst/ n
pas
part of a piece of clothing that covers the waist
talia pas
part of the body

waistcoat /ˈweɪs(t)kəʊt/ /ˈwɛskət/ n
kamizelka bezrękawnik
a sleeveless, collarless garment

wait /weɪt/ [weɪ̯ʔt] v
czekać oczekiwać
delay until some event
kelnerować obsługiwać obsłużyć
to serve customers

wait and see v
doczekać doczekiwać przekonać się
to await the course of events

wait on v
kelnerować obsługiwać obsłużyć
provide a service

wait out v
przeczekać przeczekiwać
To wait through (something); wait (through) till the end; patiently endure

waiter /ˈweɪtə/ /ˈweɪtɚ/ n
kelner garson kelnerka
a server in a restaurant or similar
stacz staczka
someone who waits

waiting /ˈweɪtɪŋ/ [ˈweɪ̯ɾɪŋ] n
czekanie
the act of staying or remaining in expectation

waiting list n
lista oczekujących
ordered list of people waiting to obtain a good or service

waiting room n
poczekalnia
room

waiting staff n
kelnerstwo
waiters collectively

waitress /ˈweɪtɹəs/ n
kelnerka
female waiter

waive /weɪv/ v
zrezygnować
to relinquish; to give up claim to

waiver /ˈweɪ.və(ɹ)/ /ˈweɪ.vɚ/ n
odstąpienie
legal document
zrzeczenie się
the act of waiving

wake /weɪk/ n
czuwanie przy zwłokach
period after death
kilwater
path left behind a ship on the surface of the water
smuga kondensacyjna
turbulent air left behind a flying aircraft

wake /weɪk/ v
budzić się obudzić się przebudzić się zbudzić się
to stop sleeping
obudzić budzić zbudzić
to make somebody stop sleeping

wake up /ˌweɪk ˈʌp/ [ˌweɪˈkʌp] v
budzić obudzić
to awaken (someone else)
obudzić się
to (become) awake

wake-up call n
pobudka
figuratively: alert, reminder, call to action
morning courtesy call

wakeboard n
deska wakeboardowa wakeboard
the board one stands on for wakeboarding

wakeful adj
bezsenny
sleepless

wakefulness n
jawa
state of being wakeful

wale /ˈweɪl/ [ˈweɪɫ] n
pręga
raised rib in knit goods or fabric

walk /wɑk/ /wɔk/ /wɔːk/ n
spacer
trip made by walking

walk /wɑk/ /wɔk/ /wɔːk/ v
chodzić iść
to move on the feet
to travel a distance by walking
wyprowadzać wyprowadzić
to take for a walk

walk a tightrope v
balansować na krawędzi stąpać po kruchym lodzie
to undertake a precarious course

walk in the park n
bułka z masłem pikuś łatwizna
something easy or pleasant

walk of fame n
aleja gwiazd

walk of life n
ścieżka życia
occupation, role, class, or lifestyle

walk on eggshells /-ɔn-/ /ˌwɑk-/ /ˌwɔk ɑn ˈɛɡʃɛlz/ /ˌwɔːk ɒn ˈɛɡʃɛlz/ v
obchodzić się jak z jajkiem
to act carefully to avoid upsetting someone
to handle sensitive matters delicately

walk out on v
porzucić
to abandon

walk the talk v
przechodzić od słów do czynów przejść od słów do czynów
to act in accordance with one's words

walk-on n
statysta
actor with a small part

walker /ˈwɑkɚ/ /ˈwɔkɚ/ /ˈwɔːkə/ n
chodziarz piechur
person who walks

walkie-talkie n
krótkofalówka
portable radio

walking /ˈwɑkɪŋ/ /ˈwɔkɪŋ/ /ˈwɔːkɪŋ/ n
chodzenie chód
gerund of walk

walking dictionary n
chodząca encyklopedia
person familiar with a wide range of specialized terms

walking frame n
balkonik
framework device

walking stick n
kij kostur laska
cane

walkman n
walkman
any personal cassette player

walkover n
walkower
tennis: victory awarded when a scheduled opponent fails to play

walkthrough /wɔːk.θɹuː/ n
solucja
(video games) A thorough demonstration that explains the steps involved in winning the game

wall /wɑl/ /wɔl/ /wɔːl/ n
mur
soccer: line of defenders
mur wał
structure built for defense surrounding an area
defensive rampart
osadnik megera
butterfly Lasiommata megera
słup
fictional bidder at an auction
tablica
internet: personal notice board
ściana mur
substantial structure acting as side or division in a building
ściana przegroda
anatomy, zoology, botany: divisive or containing structure

wall chaser n
bruzdownica
power tool

wall newspaper n
gazetka
newspaper or similar document designed to be displayed on a vertical surface for reading by the public

wall rocket n
dwurząd
plant of the genus Diplotaxis

wall socket n
gniazdko
electricity power point

wall tower n
baszta

wall unit n
meblościanka
set of furniture pieces

wall wart n
zasilacz
power supply

wallaby /ˈwɑləbi/ /ˈwɒləbi/ n
walabia
Any of several species of Marsupial

walled garden n
ogrodzony ogród
garden enclosed by walls

wallet /ˈwɑlət/ /ˈwɒlɪt/ /ˈwɔlət/ n
portfel portmonetka
case for keeping money

wallflower /ˈwɑl.ˌflaʊ.ɚ/ /ˈwɔl.ˌflaʊ.ɚ/ /ˈwɔːl.ˌflaʊ.ə/ n
ktoś podpierający ściany
socially awkward person
lak pszonak
any of several short-lived herbs or shrubs of the Erysimum genus

wallow /ˈwɒ.ləʊ/ n
babranina
an instance of wallowing

wallow /ˈwɒ.ləʊ/ v
tarzać się
to roll oneself about, as in mire; to tumble and roll about; to move lazily or heavily in any medium; to flounder; as, swine wallow in the mire

wallpaper n
tapeta
decorative paper for walls
computing: image used to cover a desktop

wallpaper v
tapetować
to cover with wallpaper

walls have ears proverb
ściany mają uszy
be careful about what you say

walnut /ˈwɑlnət/ /ˈwɑlˌnʌt/ /ˈwɔlnət/ /ˈwɔlˌnʌt/ /ˈwɔːlnʌt/ adj
orzechowy
colour

walnut /ˈwɑlnət/ /ˈwɑlˌnʌt/ /ˈwɔlnət/ /ˈwɔlˌnʌt/ /ˈwɔːlnʌt/ n
orzech
tree
wood
colour
orzech orzech włoski
nut

walrus /ˈwɑl.ɹəs/ /ˈwɒl.ɹəs/ /ˈwɔl.ɹəs/ /ˈwɔːl.ɹəs/ n
mors
large Arctic marine mammal

waltz /wɑlts/ /wɒlts/ /wɔːlts/ n
walc
a ballroom dance
piece of music

wampum /ˈwɑmpəm/ /ˈwɒmpəm/ n
wampum
small cylindrical beads made from polished shells (especially white ones) which have been strung together; one such bead

wander /ˈwɑndɚ/ /ˈwɒndə/ /ˈwʊndə/ /ˈwʌndə/ n
tułaczka wędrówka
act or instance of wandering

wander /ˈwɑndɚ/ /ˈwɒndə/ /ˈwʊndə/ /ˈwʌndə/ v
błąkać tułać włóczyć

wanderer /ˈwɑndəɹɚ/ /ˈwɒndəɹə/ n
nomada wędrowiec tułacz wałęga włóczykij włóczęga
one who wanders

wandering /ˈwɑndəɹɪŋ/ /ˈwɒndəɹɪŋ/ n
wędrowny
roaming

wandering whistling duck n
drzewica wędrowna
Dendrocygna arcuata

wanderlust /ˈwɑndɚˌlʌst/ /ˈwɒndəlʌst/ n
wanderlust
strong impulse or longing to travel

wane /weɪn/ v
blednąć zblednąć
to progressively lose its splendor, value, ardor, power, intensity, etc.

waning /ˈweɪ.nɪŋ/ adj
blednący
of the lunar phase
malejący słabnący
becoming weaker or smaller

wank /wæŋk/ n
ciulstwo
rubbish, nonsense
masturbacja walenie konia
act of masturbation

wank /wæŋk/ v
masturbować się
intransitive: to masturbate
walić konia masturbować
transitive: to masturbate (oneself)

wanker /ˈwæŋkə(ɹ)/ n
idiota
idiot
koniobijca
person who masturbates

want /wɐnt/ /wɑnt/ /wɒnt/ /wɔnt/ /wʌnt/ v
chcieć życzyć
to desire

wanted /ˈwɑntɪd/ /ˈwɒntɪd/ adj
chciany pożądany
desired
poszukiwany
subject to immediate detainment

wanted poster n
list gońćzy
printed announcement

wanton /ˈwɑntən/ /ˈwɒntɒn/ /ˈwɒntən/ adj
niepohamowany nieposkromiony nieposłuszny
undisciplined
złośliwy

wapiti n
wapiti
the American elk

war /wɑɹ/ /wɔɹ/ /wɔː/ n
wojna
conflict involving organized use of arms
card game
wojna bój walka
rhetorical: campaign against something

war /wɑɹ/ /wɔɹ/ /wɔː/ v
prowadzić wojnę walczyć wojować
to engage in conflict

war chest n
fundusze na wojnę fundusze wojenne
fund to finance a war

war child n
dziecko wojny
child who has grown up in wartime

war correspondent n
korespondent wojenny

war crime /ˈwɔɹ ˌkɹaɪm/ /ˈwɔː kɹaɪm/ n
zbrodnia wojenna
punishable offence under international law for violations of the laws of war

war criminal n
zbrodniarz wojenny
person guilty of war crimes

war dance n
taniec wojenny
ceremonial dance performed before a major battle or after a victory

war footing n
stan gotowości
state of preparedness for waging war

war hero n
bohater wojenny

war machine /ˈwoɹ məˌʃin/ /ˈwɔː məˌʃiːn/ /ˈwɔːɹ məˌʃiːn/ n
zasoby wojenne
resources

war memorial n
pomnik wojenny
commemorial monument

war of aggression n
agresja
military conflict waged without the justification of self-defense, usually for territorial gain and subjugation

war of attrition n
wojna na wyczerpanie
prolonged exhausting war

war of independence n
wojna o niepodległość
war of independence

war of nerves n
wojna nerwów
conflict in which demoralizing and frightening tactics are used
situation in which opposed parties maintain a tense, contentious relationship

war reparations n
reparacje wojenne
compensation to cover war damages

war veteran n
weteran (wojenny)
person who has served in the armed forces during a war

war zone n
strefa wojenna strefa wojny
region of ongoing war

warband n
banda wojenna

ward /wɔɹd/ /wɔːd/ n
dzielnica okręg
administrative subdivision of cities
oddział
part of a hospital where patients reside
okręg
Mormonism: subdivision of church
podopieczny wychowanek
person under guardianship

wardrobe /ˈwɔɹdɹoʊb/ /ˈwɔːdɹəʊb/ n
garderoba
collection of clothing
costume department
szafa
movable furniture for storing clothes

ware /wɛə(ɹ)/ /wɛɚ/ n
towar
product

warehouse /ˈwɛə(ɹ)haʊs/ n
magazyn skład
a place for storing large amounts of products

warehouse /ˈwɛə(ɹ)haʊs/ v
magazynować
store

warehouseman n
magazynier magazynierka
person who manages or works in a warehouse

warehousewoman n
magazynierka
woman who manages or works in a warehouse

warez /wɑːɹɛz/ /wɛə(ɹ)z/ n
warez
software illegally obtained or distributed

warfare /ˈwɔɹfɛɹ/ /ˈwɔːfɛə/ n
wojna
wojna prowadzenie wojny
the waging of war or armed conflict against an enemy

warfarin /ˈwɔɹ.fəɹ.ɪn/ /ˈwɔː.fə.ɹɪn/ n
warfaryna
anticoagulant

warhead n
głowica
part of a missile, projectile, torpedo, rocket, or other munition

wariness n
baczność
condition of being alert

warlock /ˈwɔɹ.lɑk/ /ˈwɔː.lɒk/ n
czarownik czarnoksiężnik
male magic-user

warlord /ˈwɔɹlɔɹd/ /ˈwɔːlɔːd/ n
watażka
local ruler or bandit leader where the government is weak

warm /wɔɹm/ /wɔːm/ adj
ciepły
having a temperature slightly higher than usual
being something that causes warmth
caring, of relation to another person
żarliwy
ardent, zealous

warm /wɔɹm/ /wɔːm/ v
ogrzewać
to make or keep warm

warm front n
front ciepły
the trailing edge of a mass of cold air

warm the cockles of someone's heart v
lać miód na serce
to provide happiness to someone

warm up v
rozgrzać się rozgrzewać się
to stretch etc before exercise

warm-up n
rozgrzewka
The act of exercising or stretching in preparation for strenuous activity

warming n
ocieplenie
a small rise in temperature

warmish adj
ciepławy
somewhat warm

warmonger /ˈwɔː.mʌŋ.ɡə(ɹ)/ n
podżegacz wojenny
one who advocates war

warmth /wɔɹmθ/ /wɔːmθ/ n
ciepło
moderate heat; sensation of being warm

warn /wɔɹn/ /wɔːn/ v
ostrzegać ostrzec uprzedzać uprzedzić
to make someone aware of impending danger

warning /ˈwɔɹnɪŋ/ /ˈwɔːnɪŋ/ interjection
uwaga
warning of danger in signs

warning /ˈwɔɹnɪŋ/ /ˈwɔːnɪŋ/ n
ostrzeżenie
instance of warning someone
something spoken or written that is intended to warn

warning bell n
dzwonek alarmowy
bell rung to warn people
problematic or alarming aspect

warning shot n
ostrzeżenie
action intended as a warning
strzał ostrzegawczy
shot fired

warp /woːp/ /wɔɹp/ /wɔːp/ n
deformacja wykrzywienie
state of being bent out of shape
osnowa
threads running lengthwise
spaczenie wypaczenie
distortion or twist

warp /woːp/ /wɔɹp/ /wɔːp/ v
paczyć wykrzywiać wypaczać wypaczyć
to twist or turn something out of shape
warpić warpować
to move a vessel

warrant /ˈwɑɹənt/ /ˈwɒɹənt/ /ˈwɔɹənt/ n
nakaz
judicial writ

warrant /ˈwɑɹənt/ /ˈwɒɹənt/ /ˈwɔɹənt/ v
gwarantować
to guarantee

warrant of payment n
nakaz zapłaty

warrant officer n
aspirant aspirantka
law enforcement
chorąża chorąży
member of military

warranty /ˈwɒ.ɹən.ti/ /ˈwɔɹ.ən.ti/ n
gwarancja
legal: an agreement which states that the goods or property in question will be in exactly the same state as promised
a guarantee that a certain outcome or obligation will be fulfilled; security

warrior /ˈwoɹ.i.ɚ/ /ˈwoɹjɚ/ /ˈwɑɹ.i.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈwɑɹjə(ɹ)/ /ˈwɒɹ.i.ə(ɹ)/ n
bojowniczka bojownik
person aggressively, courageously, or energetically involved in an activity
wojownik woj żołnierz wojowniczka wiciądz wój
person actively engaged in battle, conflict or warfare

warship /ˈwɔɹˌʃɪp/ /ˈwɔːˌʃɪp/ n
okręt wojenny
ship built or armed for naval combat

wart /wɔɹt/ /wɔːt/ n
brodawka kurzajka
type of growth occurring on the skin

warthog /-hɑɡ/ /ˈwɔɹtˌhɔɡ/ /ˈwɔːtˌhɒɡ/ n
guziec fakoszer
a species of wild pig

wartime n
czas wojny
period of a war

warts and all adj
ze wszystkimi przywarami
of a description which does not conceal shortcomings or imperfections

warts and all adv
bezdyskusyjnie
in a manner which does not conceal shortcomings or imperfections

wary /ˈwɛə.ɹi/ /ˈwɛɚ.i/ adj
ostrożny czujny przezorny
cautious of danger; timorously or suspiciously prudent; circumspect; scrupulous

wasabi /wəˈsɑːbi/ n
wasabi
green Japanese condiment

wash /wæʃ/ /wɑʃ/ /wɒʃ/ /wɔɹʃ/ /wɔʃ/ n
lawowanie
painting

wash /wæʃ/ /wɑʃ/ /wɒʃ/ /wɔɹʃ/ /wɔʃ/ v
myć się umyć się
to clean oneself
myć prać
to clean with water

wash away v
domywać domyć
to eliminate or destroy by fast-moving water

wash down v
dopierać doprać
to wash something completely

wash off v
odeprać odpierać
to remove by washing

wash one's hands of /ˌwɒʃ wʌnz ˈhæn(d)z‿əv/ /ˌwɔʃ wʌnz ˈhæn(d)z‿əv/ v
umywać ręce
to absolve oneself of responsibility or future blame for

washable adj
zmywalny
capable of being washed without being damaged

washbasin n
umywalka
basin used for washing, sink

washboard n
tara tarka
board to do laundry
percussion instrument

washer /ˈwɑʃɚ/ /ˈwɒʃə(ɹ)/ /ˈwɔʃɚ/ n
praczka
person who washes for a living
podkładka
flat disk

washerwoman n
praczka
woman whose employment is laundering

washing /ˈwɑ.ʃɪŋ/ /ˈwɒʃ.ɪŋ/ /ˈwɔʃ.ɪŋ/ n
mycie pranie
action of the verb "to wash"

washing machine n
pralka
machine that washes clothes

washing powder n
proszek do prania
powder for washing clothes

washing soda n
soda

washing-up liquid n
płyn do mycia naczyń
liquid soap used to wash dishes

washtub n
balia
tub used for washing clothes

wasp /waps/ /wæsp/ /wɑsp/ /wɒsp/ n
osa
insect

wasp waist n
talia osy
waist like that of a wasp

waste /weɪst/ n
śmieci
useless by-products, garbage

waste /weɪst/ v
marnować
to squander

waste breath v
szkoda słów
to speak futilely

waste not, want not proverb
nie marnuj, a nie będziesz w potrzebie

waste of time n
strata czasu szkoda czasu
pointless or unproductive activity

waste sorting n
segregacja odpadów
separation of waste

waste time v
bałwanić się
allow time to elapse in an unproductive manner

wasteful /ˈweɪstfəl/ adj
rozrzutny
inclined to waste

wasteland /ˈweɪs(t)ˌland/ /ˈweɪs(t)ˌlænd/ /ˈweɪs(t)ˌlənd/ /ˈwæes(t)ˌlɘnd/ /ˈwæes(t)ˌlɛnd/ n
pustkowie
region with no remaining resources; desert

wasteless adj
bezodpadowy

wastepaper n
makulatura
unwanted paper that has been discarded

waster /ˈweɪstə/ n
marnotrawca marnotrawczyni
one that wastes

wastewater n
ścieki
water containing waste products

watch /ˈwɑt͡ʃ/ /ˈwɒt͡ʃ/ /ˈwɔt͡ʃ/ n
straż
person or group of people who guard
the act of guarding
wachta
group of sailors and officers
particular time period
period of time on duty
zegarek
portable or wearable timepiece

watch /ˈwɑt͡ʃ/ /ˈwɒt͡ʃ/ /ˈwɔt͡ʃ/ v
obserwować oglądać zaobserwować
to observe
patrzeć oglądać obserwować
to look at for a period of time
pilnować
to attend or guard

watch glass n
szkiełko zegarkowe
laboratory equipment

watch out interjection
uwaga!
proceed with caution

watch over v
czuwać
to guard and protect

watch paint dry v
nudzić się

watch pocket n
kieszonka
pocket for carrying pocket watch

watcher /ˈwɑ.t͡ʃɚ/ /ˈwɒt͡ʃ.ə/ /ˈwɔt͡ʃ.ə/ n
widz obserwator obserwatorka
someone who watches or observes

watchmaker /ˈwɔtʃˌmeɪkə/ n
zegarmistrz zegarmistrzyni
person who makes and/or maintains watches

watchman n
stróż
guard

watchtower n
strażnica
observation tower

watchword /ˈwɒt͡ʃwɜː(ɹ)d/ n
hasło zawołanie
word used as expressive of a principle
odzew
a prearranged reply to the challenge of a sentry or a guard

water /ˈwoːtə/ /ˈwætəɹ/ /ˈwɑtəɹ/ /ˈwɒtə/ /ˈwɒtəɹ/ /ˈwɔtər/ /ˈwɔtəɹ/ /ˈwɔɹtəɹ/ /ˈwɔːtə/ /ˈwɔːtəɹ/ /ˈwʊtəɹ/ [ˈwatə] [ˈwaɾɚ] [ˈwaːʈər(ɯ)] [ˈwoʊʔə] [ˈwoːtə] [ˈwoːɾə] [ˈwoːʔɐ] [ˈwoːʔə] [ˈwɑɾɚ] [ˈwɒːθ̠ɚ] [ˈwɔoɾɐ] [ˈwɔtər] [ˈwɔəɾə] [ˈwɔɹɾɚ] [ˈwɔɾɚ] [ˈwɔʈə(r)] [ˈwʊɾɚ] [ˈʋaːʈər(ɯ)] [ˈʋɔʈə(r)] n
kości
figuratively: a person's intuition
woda
liquid H₂O
one of the basic elements
serving of water
urine
woda wody
body of water, or specific part of it
wody
spa water

water /ˈwoːtə/ /ˈwætəɹ/ /ˈwɑtəɹ/ /ˈwɒtə/ /ˈwɒtəɹ/ /ˈwɔtər/ /ˈwɔtəɹ/ /ˈwɔɹtəɹ/ /ˈwɔːtə/ /ˈwɔːtəɹ/ /ˈwʊtəɹ/ [ˈwatə] [ˈwaɾɚ] [ˈwaːʈər(ɯ)] [ˈwoʊʔə] [ˈwoːtə] [ˈwoːɾə] [ˈwoːʔɐ] [ˈwoːʔə] [ˈwɑɾɚ] [ˈwɒːθ̠ɚ] [ˈwɔoɾɐ] [ˈwɔtər] [ˈwɔəɾə] [ˈwɔɹɾɚ] [ˈwɔɾɚ] [ˈwɔʈə(r)] [ˈwʊɾɚ] [ˈʋaːʈər(ɯ)] [ˈʋɔʈə(r)] v
podlewać podlać
to pour water into the soil surrounding (plants)
poić napoić
to provide (animals) with water
łzawić
to fill with or secrete water

water bear n
niesporczak
A member of the phylum Tardigrada

water bottle n
bidon
A bottle used for carrying water

water buffalo /ˈwɑtɚˌbʌfəloʊ/ [ˈwɑɾɚˌbʌfəloʊ] n
bawół domowy
large ungulate

water cannon n
armatka wodna
device shooting water

water clock n
zegar wodny
device for measuring time

water dog n
pies dowodny pies wodny
water dog

water down v
rozwadniać rozwodnić
to dilute

water flea n
wioślarka
crustacean of the order Cladocera

water gauge n
wodowskaz
glass column

water heater n
bojler ogrzewacz wody podgrzewacz wody terma
appliance for heating water

water level n
poziomica wężowa szlaufwaga
instrument

water lily n
grzybienie
Any members of Nymphaeaceae

water meter n
wodomierz
device for measuring water usage volume

water parsnip n
marek
Sium gen. et spp.

water pipit n
siwerniak siwarnik
bird

water plantain n
żabieniec
Alisma

water pollution n
zanieczyszczenie wód
contamination of water

water polo n
piłka wodna waterpolo
a water sport

water polo player n
piłkarka wodna piłkarz wodny waterpolista
player of water polo

water power n
energia wodna
(uncountable) power from water

water rail n
wodnik
Rallus aquaticus

water scorpion n
płoszczyca
insect of the family Nepidae

water shortage n
bezwodzie

water skiing n
narciarstwo wodne
water sport

water slide n
zjeżdżalnia
a recreational slide with water flowing down it

water soldier n
osoka
Stratiotes aloides

water strider n
nartnik
any of a number of predatory insects in the family Gerridae

water table n
zwierciadło wód podziemnych
level underground

water tender n
autopompa
firefighting apparatus

water tower n
wieża ciśnień
tank of water

water turbine n
turbina wodna
device

water vapor n
para
steam
para wodna
water in a gaseous state

water wheel n
koło wodne
wheel propelled by water

water wing n
rękawek
inflatable plastic band worn on the upper arms

waterbomber n
samolot pożarniczy

watercock /ˈwɔːtə.kɒk/ n
kokosznik
Gallicrex cinerea

watercolour /ˈwɔ.tɜˌkʌ.lɜ/ n
akwarela
painting
genre
akwarela farba wodna
pigment

watercolourist n
akwarelista akwarelistka
artist who paints watercolours

watercourse n
bieg koryto
channel through which water flows

watercress /ˈwɔtəɹkɹɛs/ /ˈwɔːtəkɹɛs/ n
rukiew drobnolistna
Nasturtium microphyllum
rukiew rukiew wodna
Nasturtium officinale

watered-down adj
rozwodniony
Diluted

waterfall /ˈwɑtɚfɑl/ /ˈwɔtɚfɔl/ /ˈwɔːtəfɔːl/ n
wodospad
waterfall-like outpouring

waterfree adj
bezwodny
free of water

waterfront n
nabrzeże
dockland district of a town
wybrzeże
land alongside a body of water

waterhole n
wodopój
depression in which water collects

watering n
podlewanie
act of pouring water on something
rozwadnianie
act of diluting a liquid

watering can n
konewka
utensil for watering plants

waterless adj
bezwodny
lacking water

waterlessness n
bezwodzie

waterline n
linia wodna wodnica
line on the hull of a ship

watermark /ˈwɔːtəmɑːk/ n
znak wodny
translucent design impressed on paper

watermelon /ˈwɑtɚˌmɛlən/ /ˈwɔtɚˌmɛlən/ /ˈwɔːtəˌmɛlən/ n
arbuz kawon
fruit
plant

watermilfoil n
wywłócznik
plant of the genus Myriophyllum

watermill n
młyn wodny
mill powered by water

waterproof adj
nieprzemakalny wodoodporny
made or covered with material that doesn't let water in
wodoodporny
resistant to water

waterspout n
wodotrysk
channel through which water is discharged

watertight /ˈwɑː.tɚ.taɪt/ /ˈwɔː.tə.taɪt/ /ˈwɔː.tɚ.taɪt/ adj
nieprzemakalny wodoszczelny
so tightly made that water cannot enter or escape

waterway n
droga wodna
navigable body of water

watery /ˈwɑtəɹi/ /ˈwɔtəɹi/ /ˈwɔːtəɹi/ /ˈwɔːtɹi/ adj
wodnisty
diluted or having too much water
wet, soggy or soaked with water

watt /wɑt/ /wɒt/ n
wat
derived unit of power

wattle /ˈwɑtl̩/ /ˈwɒtl̩/ [ˈwɑ.ɾl̩] n
plecionka
construction of branches and twigs

wattle and daub n
szachulec
branches and twigs plastered with mud

wattled crane n
żuraw koralowy
Grus carunculata

wattled jacana n
długoszpon krasnoczelny
Jacana jacana

wave /weɪv/ n
fala
moving disturbance in a field
sudden unusually large amount of something
shape which alternatingly curves in opposite directions
fala bałwan
moving disturbance, undulation

wave /weɪv/ v
bachnąć zamachać
to cause to move back and forth repeatedly
falować powiewać łopotać
to move back and forth repeatedly
machać machnąć pomachać
to wave one’s hand
zamachać
to signal with a waving movement

wave pool n
basen z falami
swimming pool with waves

wave-particle duality n
dualizm korpuskularno-falowy
concept applying to matter and radiation

wavefunction /ˈweɪv.fʌŋ(k).ʃən/ n
funkcja falowa
notion in quantum mechanics

waveguide n
falowód
a structure which guides waves

wavelength /ˈweɪvlɛŋ(k)θ/ /ˈweɪvˌlɛŋ(k)θ/ n
długość fali
the length of a single cycle of a wave

wavelet n
falka
a fast-decaying oscillation

wax /wæks/ /wɛks/ adj
woskowy wosk
made of wax

wax /wæks/ /wɛks/ n
wosk
oily, water-resistant substance
preparation containing wax, used as a polish

wax /wæks/ /wɛks/ v
woskować
apply wax to

wax tablet n
tabliczka woskowa
tablet covered with wax

waxwing n
jemiołuszka
songbird of genus Bombycilla

waxy /ˈwæksi/ adj
woskowy
Resembling wax in texture or appearance

way /weɪ/ n
droga
road, direction, path
sposób metoda rozwiązanie
method or manner

way of life n
tryb życia
style of living

way of the world n
kolej rzeczy

way to go interjection
tak trzymać
expression of congrats, encouragement or approval

way too adv
aż nadto
all too, much too, to a degree that is very excessive

waybill n
ceduła konosament
document that lists the final destination (and other details) of each part of a cargo

wayfarer /ˈweɪˌfɛəɹ.ə(ɹ)/ n
wędrowiec
traveller

wayside adj
przydrożny
situated near the side of a road

wayward /ˈweɪwə(ɹ)d/ adj
nieobliczalny
obstinate, contrary and unpredictable

we /wi/ /wiː/ pronoun
my
generic we (the speaker and at least one other person, regardless of whether it's the person being addressed)

weak /wiːk/ adj
słaby
lacking in force or ability
grammar: regular in inflection
dilute, lacking in taste or potency

weak nuclear interaction n
oddziaływanie słabe
fundamental interaction

weak spot n
słaby punkt
location where the defenses are weak or the vulnerability is great

weaken /ˈwikən/ v
osłabiać osłabić
to make weaker
osłabnąć słabnąć bezsilnieć
to become weaker

weaker sex n
słaba płeć płeć piękna
women regarded collectively

weakest link n
najsłabsze ogniwo
the part of a system that is most likely to fail or cause problems

weakling /ˈwiːklɪŋɡ/ /ˈwiːkˈlɪŋɡ/ n
mięczak słabeusz
person of weak character
słabeusz
person of weak or even sickly physical constitution

weakly /ˈwiːkli/ adv
słabo
with little strength or force

weakness /ˈwiːk.nəs/ n
słabość
condition of being weak
special fondness

weal /wil/ /wiːl/ n
pręga szrama
a raised, longitudinal wound, usually purple, on the surface of flesh caused by stroke of rod or whip

wealth /wɛlθ/ [wɛl̪θ] n
bogactwo bogatość zamożność
riches; valuable material possessions
bogactwo mnóstwo
great amount; an abundance or plenty, usually of money

wealth tax n
podatek majątkowy

wealthy /ˈwɛl.θi/ adj
zamożny bogaty
rich

wean /wiːn/ v
odstawiać od piersi odstawić od piersi
to cease giving milk
odstawiać odstawić
to cause to quit something to which one is addicted or habituated
odstawić odstawiać
to cease to depend

weapon /ˈwiːp.ən/ /ˈwɛp.ən/ n
broń oręż
instrument of attack or defense in combat

weapon of mass destruction n
broń masowego rażenia broń masowej zagłady
weapon causing large-scale death or destruction

weaponless adj
bezorężny nieuzbrojony
lacking a weapon

weaponry n
uzbrojenie broń
weapons collectively

wear /wɛ(ə)ɹ/ /wɛə(ɹ)/ [wɛɚ] [wɛɹ] n
ubranie
clothing

wear /wɛ(ə)ɹ/ /wɛə(ɹ)/ [wɛɚ] [wɛɹ] v
nosić mieć na sobie
to have on (clothes)

wear off v
przechodzić przejść zanikać zaniknąć
to diminish in effect
schodzić zejść zetrzeć się ścierać się
to disappear because of being abraded, over-polished, or abused

wear one's heart on one's sleeve v
mieć serce na dłoni
to be transparent or forthright about one's emotions

wear out v
dezelować niszczyć zdezelować zniszczyć
to cause to become damaged, useless, or ineffective through continued use

wear out one's welcome v
nadużyć gościnności
to make one's presence unwanted

wear rose-colored glasses v
patrzeć przez różowe okulary
to be excessively optimistic

wear sackcloth and ashes v
posypać sobie głowę popiołem
to publicly express regret for something done wrong.

wear thin v
tracić na znaczeniu
to lessen or weaken over time, as from overuse

weariness /ˈwɪəɹinɪs/ /ˈwɪɹinɪs/ n
znużenie
exhaustion, fatigue or tiredness

weary /ˈwiːɹi/ /ˈwɪəɹi/ adj
męczący
tiresome
zmęczony
tired, fatigued
znużony
having one's patience exhausted; sick

weary /ˈwiːɹi/ /ˈwɪəɹi/ v
nużyć znużyć
to make weary

weasel /ˈwizl̩/ /ˈwizəl/ /ˈwiːz(ə)l/ n
łasica
least weasel, Mustela nivalis

weasel /ˈwizl̩/ /ˈwizəl/ /ˈwiːz(ə)l/ v
wykręcić się
to weasel out of doing something

weasel out v
wić się jak piskorz
to weasel something out of someone
wić się jak piskorz wykręcać się wykręcić się
to weasel out of doing something

weather /ˈwɛð.ə/ /ˈwɛð.ɚ/ n
niepogoda pogoda
unpleasant or destructive atmospheric conditions
pogoda aura
state of the atmosphere

weather /ˈwɛð.ə/ /ˈwɛð.ɚ/ v
wietrzeć zwietrzeć
to breakdown of rocks and other materials, under the effects of exposure to rain, sunlight, temperature, and air

weather balloon n
balon meteorologiczny
meteorological balloon

weather forecast n
prognoza pogody prognoza
prediction of future weather

weather station n
stacja meteorologiczna
station for meteorological observations

weather the storm v
przetrwać burzę
idiomatic

weather vane n
wiatrowskaz
a device showing the direction of the wind

weathercock n
kurek
weather vane

weathered adj
zwietrzały
worn by weather

weathering n
wietrzenie
breaking down of rocks

weatherman n
meteorolog
weather forecaster

weatherwoman n
pogodynka
female weather forecaster

weave /wiːv/ v
tkać pleść
to form something by passing strands of material over and under one another

weaver /ˈwi.vɚ/ /ˈwiː.və(ɹ)/ n
tkacz tkaczka
one who weaves
wikłacz
bird in the family Ploceidae

weaving /ˈwiːvɪŋ/ n
tkactwo
process of making woven material

web /wɛb/ n
błona pławna
a fold of tissue connecting the toes of certain birds
sieć
any interconnected set of persons, places, or things

web /wɛb/ pn
sieć
the World Wide Web (also spelled Web)

web browser /wɛb.bɹaʊ.zə(ɹ)/ n
przeglądarka przeglądarka internetowa
a computer program used to navigate the World Wide Web

web designer n
projektant stron internetowych projektantka stron internetowych
person who designs and creates web sites

web page n
strona internetowa strona WWW
a single page in a website

webcam /ˈwɛbˌkæm/ n
kamer(k)a internetowa
video camera viewed over a network

weber /ˈveɪbə/ /ˈveɪbɚ/ /ˈwɛbə/ /ˈwɛbɚ/ n
weber
derived unit of magnetic flux

webinar n
webinar
interactive seminar conducted via Internet

website /ˈwɛbˌsaɪt/ n
strona internetowa strona WWW witryna
a collection of pages on the World Wide Web

wedding /ˈwɛdɪŋ/ n
ślub wesele swadźba
marriage ceremony

wedding cake n
tort weselny
cake used as part of a wedding ceremony

wedding dress n
suknia ślubna
the clothing worn by a bride during a wedding ceremony

wedding party n
młoda para z druhnami i drużbami
the bride and groom as well as the bridesmaids and groomsmen

wedding ring n
obrączka obrączka ślubna
a ring symbolizing marriage

wedge /wɛd͡ʒ/ n
kawałek
piece of food etc.
klin
simple machine
klucz
group of birds flying in V formation

wee /wiː/ adj
drobny mały
small, little

wee hours n
do białego rana
very early morning

wee small hours n
o pogańskiej godzinie
very early morning

wee-wee n
siusiu siusiak kuciapka

weed /wiːd/ n
cherlak mięczak
informal: puny person
chwast
figuratively: something useless
chwast zielsko badyl
unwanted plant
trawka
slang: marijuana
zielsko
underbrush; low shrubs

weed /wiːd/ v
odchwaszczać plewić
to remove weeds from

weed out v
wypleniać wyplenić
to remove unwanted elements

week /wik/ /wiːk/ n
tydzień
period of seven days

weekday /ˈwiːkdeɪ/ n
dzień roboczy
day of the week, excluding weekends

weekend /wiːˈkɛnd/ /ˈwiˌkɛnd/ /ˈwiːˌkend/ /ˈwiːˌkɛnd/ adj
weekendowy
occurring at the weekend
of, relating to or for the weekend

weekend /wiːˈkɛnd/ /ˈwiˌkɛnd/ /ˈwiːˌkend/ /ˈwiːˌkɛnd/ n
weekend koniec tygodnia
break in the working week

weekender bag n
torba podróżna

weekly /wiːk.li/ adj
cotygodniowy
happening once a week or every week
tygodniowy
of or relating to a week

weekly /wiːk.li/ adv
co tydzień cotygodniowo
every week

weekly /wiːk.li/ n
tygodnik
publication that is published once a week

weep /wiːp/ v
płakać
to cry, shed tears

weeping and wailing and gnashing of teeth n
płacz i zgrzytanie zębów
consternation, worry

weeping willow n
wierzba płacząca
Salix babylonica

weepy /ˈwiːpi/ adj
bekliwy płaczliwy
inclined to weep

weever /ˈwi.vɚ/ /ˈwiː.və/ n
ostrosz
fish of Trachinidae

weevil /ˈwiːv(ə)l/ /ˈwiːvɪl/ n
ryjkowiec
beetle in the superfamily Curculionoidea

weft /wɛft/ n
nić wątku wątek
fill
wątek
horizontal threads

weigh /weɪ/ v
odważyć ważyć
to weigh out
ważyć
to determine the weight of an object
to have a certain weight
to determine the intrinsic value or merit of an object

weigh down v
obciążać
to act as ballast
przytłaczać
to be too much to handle

weighing machine n
waga
a mechanical device for determining the weight of an object or person

weight /weɪt/ n
ciężar waga
force due to gravity
ciężarek ciężar
object to make something heavier
ciężarek odważnik
standardized measuring weight

weight class n
kategoria wagowa

weight gain n
tycie utycie
increase in weight

weight loss n
odchudzanie
reduction of body mass

weight of the world n
dźwigać na barkach

weight room n
fitness club pakernia pakownia siłka siłownia
room containing exercise equipment for weight training

weight training n
trening siłowy ćwiczenia siłowe
form of physical exercise

weighted /ˈweɪ.tɪd/ /ˈwæɪ.tɪd/ [ˈweɪ.ɾɪd] adj
obciążony
having weights on it
ważony
in statistics

weighted graph n
graf ważony
graph

weighted mean n
średnia ważona
average calculated after biasing values

weightless adj
nieważki
which has no weight
which is not being affected by gravity

weightlessness n
nieważkość
having zero weight

weightlifter n
sztangista ciężarowiec sztangistka
person who competes for maximum weight lifted

weightlifting /ˈweɪtˌlɪftɪŋ/ n
podnoszenie ciężarów
sport in which competitors lift heavy weights

weir /wɪə/ /wɪɹ/ n
jaz
adjustable dam
fence to catch fish

weird /ˈwiɚd/ /ˈwiːə(ɹ)d/ /ˈwɪə(ɹ)d/ /ˈwɪɚd/ adj
dziwaczny
deviating from the normal; bizarre
dziwny
having an unusually strange character or behaviour

weirdo /ˈwɪədəʊ/ /ˈwɪəɹdoʊ/ n
dziwak cudak
strange person

welcome /ˈwɛlkəm/ adj
mile widziany widziany
whose arrival is a cause of joy

welcome /ˈwɛlkəm/ interjection
witamy witaj! witajcie!
greeting given upon someone's arrival

welcome /ˈwɛlkəm/ n
powitanie
act of greeting someone's arrival
utterance of such a greeting

welcome /ˈwɛlkəm/ v
witać
affirm or greet the arrival of someone

welcome back phraseologicalUnit
witaj z powrotem witajcie z powrotem witam z powrotem witamy z powrotem
welcome back

welcome swallow n
jaskółka australijska

weld /wɛld/ n
rezeda żółtawa
herb

weld /wɛld/ v
spajać spoić zespajać zespoić
to bind, unite
spawać zespawać
to join materials (especially metals) by applying heat

welder /ˈwɛldə(ɹ)/ n
spawacz
one who welds

welding /ˈwɛldɪŋ/ n
spawanie
the action or process of welding: joining two materials (especially two metals) together by applying heat, pressure and filler

welding machine n
spawarka

welfare /ˈwɛlˌfɛə/ /ˈwɛlˌfɛɚ/ n
dobrobyt
health, safety, well-being, happiness and prosperity
socjal zasiłek
aid, provided by a government, etc.

welfare state n
państwo opiekuńcze
country in which such a system operates
social system in which the state takes overall responsibility for the welfare of its citizens

well /wel/ /wəl/ /wɛl/ adj
zdrowy zdrowa
in good health

well /wel/ /wəl/ /wɛl/ adv
dobrze
accurately; competently
to a significant degree
nieźle
(slang) very

well /wel/ /wəl/ /wɛl/ interjection
coś takiego no
exclamation of surprise
cóż dobrze
to acknowledge a statement or situation
cóż hm no
used in conversation to fill space
no cóż
used to introduce a statement that may be contrary to expectations

well /wel/ /wəl/ /wɛl/ n
studnia
hole sunk into the ground

well and truly /ˌwɛl n̩ ˈtɹuli/ /ˌwɛl n̩ ˈtɹuːli/ adv
całkowicie
completely; utterly; without doubt

well begun is half done proverb
dobry początek to połowa roboty
much depends on the beginning of an endeavour

well done interjection
dobra robota

well logging n
geofizyka otworowa
making a record of the geologic formations penetrated by a borehole

well off adj
zamożny
being in fortunate circumstances

well spotted interjection
dobra uwaga

well, well, well interjection
proszę
indicating consideration

well-balanced adj
zrównoważony
properly balanced; in equilibrium

well-being /wɛlˈbiː.ɪŋ/ n
dobrobyt
state of health, happiness and/or prosperity

well-brought-up adj
dobrze wychowany
having good manners

well-groomed adj
zadbany
neat and tidy
neat and well-dressed

well-mannered adj
dobrze wychowany
having good manners

well-nigh /ˌwɛlˈnaɪ/ adv
prawie
almost, nearly

well-order n
porządek uporządkowany
a type of total order

well-order v
uporządkować uporządkowywać

well-ordered adj
uporządkowany
(mathematics)

well-read adj
oczytany
well informed and knowledgeable because of having read extensively

well-rested adj
wypoczęty wyspany
having had sufficient rest

well-wisher /ˈwɛlˌwɪʃə/ /ˈwɛlˌwɪʃɚ/ n
sympatyk
someone who extends good wishes to someone else

well-worn adj
wyświechtany
repeated too often
zdarty znoszony
showing signs of heavy use

welldigger n
kopacz studni

wels catfish n
sum
Silurus glanis

welt /wɛlt/ n
obrzeże
strip of leather on a shoe
ślad
raised mark on the body

welter /ˈwɛltə/ /ˈwɛltɚ/ n
bezład
general confusion or muddle

wench /wɛnt͡ʃ/ n
dziewka
(archaic) girl or young woman
dziwka
(archaic) promiscuous woman

werecat /ˈwɛəkæt/ /ˈwɛɹkæt/ /ˈwɪəkæt/ /ˈwɪɹkæt/ n
kotołak
shapeshifter assuming the shape of a cat

werehyena /ˈwɛəhaɪˌiːnə/ /ˈwɛɹhaɪˌiːnə/ /ˈwɪəhaɪˌiːnə/ /ˈwɪɹhaɪˌiːnə/ n
hienołak
shapeshifter assuming the shape of a hyena

werewolf /ˈwɛəɹwʊlf/ /ˈwɛːwʊlf/ /ˈwɜɹwʊlf/ /ˈwɪəwʊlf/ /ˈwɪəɹwʊlf/ n
wilkołak likantrop
wolflike human

wergeld /ˈwɛə(ɹ)ɡɛld/ /ˈwɜː(ɹ)ɡɛld/ n
główszczyzna
monetary value
reparative payment

west /wɛst/ adj
na zachód
towards the west
zachodni
occidental
western

west /wɛst/ n
zachód
compass point

western /ˈwɛstən/ /ˈwɛstɚn/ adj
zachodni
pertaining to the west
blowing from the west

western /ˈwɛstən/ /ˈwɛstɚn/ n
western
film or other dramatic work

western Orphean warbler n
lutniczka zachodnia
Sylvia hortensis

western barn owl n
płomykówka zwyczajna
Tyto alba furcata

western black-eared wheatear n
białorzytka rdzawa
Oenanthe hispanica

western capercaillie n
głuszec zwyczajny
Tetrao urogallus

western cattle egret n
czapla złotawa
Bubulcus ibis

western gorilla n
goryl zachodni

western marsh harrier n
błotniak stawowy
Circus aeruginosus

western olivaceous warbler n
zaganiacz blady
Iduna opaca

western sandpiper n
biegus alaskanski
Calidris mauri

western slaty antshrike n
chronka nizinna
bird

western subalpine warbler n
pokrzewka wąsata
Sylvia cantillans

western yellow wagtail n
pliszka wolarka pliszka żółta
Motacilla flava

westernization n
okcydentalizacja westernizacja
assimilation of the western culture

westward /ˈwɛst.wəd/ /ˈwɛst.wɚd/ adv
na zachód
towards the west

wet /wɛt/ adj
mokry wilgotny
of an object: covered with or impregnated with liquid

wet /wɛt/ v
zmoczyć
become wet

wet bar n
barek
area for the preparation of drinks

wet blanket n
drewniak malkontent malkontentka maruda smutas smutaska
someone who takes the fun out of a situation or activity

wet cough n
mokry kaszel
coughing with expectoration

wet dock n
basen basen portowy
dock that has a constant level of water

wet dream n
mokry sen
erotic dream

wet nurse n
mamka
woman hired to suckle another woman's child

wet t-shirt contest n
miss mokrego podkoszulka
contest in which women wear wet t-shirts

wet the bed /wɛt ðə ˈbɛd/ v
moczyć łóżko
to urinate in one's bed during sleep

wet wipe n
chusteczka nawilżająca mokra chusteczka
moistened piece of paper or cloth

wether /ˈwɛðə/ /ˈwɛðɚ/ n
skop
castrated ram

wetland n
mokradło
land that is covered mostly with water, with occasional marshy and soggy areas

wetsuit /ˈwɛtˌs(j)ut/ n
pianka
close fitting, insulating garment

whale /weɪl/ /ʍeɪl/ n
wieloryb waleń
large sea mammal

whale shark n
rekin wielorybi
Rhincodon typus

whalebone n
fiszbin
horny material from fringed plates of upper jaw of baleen whale

whaling /ˈweɪlɪŋ/ n
wielorybnictwo
practice of hunting whales

wham /hwæm/ /wæm/ interjection
bach
sound of a forceful blow

wharf /(h)wɔɹf/ /(h)wɔːf/ /hwɔɹf/ n
keja przystań
man-made landing place

what /wɑt/ /wɒt/ /wɔt/ /wɜt/ /wʌt/ /ʍɒt/ /ʍʌt/ [wɑˑt̚˨˩] [wɒʔ(t)] [wʌɾ] [wʌˀ] determiner
co za jaki
beginning an exclamation
jaka jaki jakie która które który

what /wɑt/ /wɒt/ /wɔt/ /wɜt/ /wʌt/ /ʍɒt/ /ʍʌt/ [wɑˑt̚˨˩] [wɒʔ(t)] [wʌɾ] [wʌˀ] interjection
[[czego|czego?!]]
enquiry to what a person desires
co!
expression of surprise

what /wɑt/ /wɒt/ /wɔt/ /wɜt/ /wʌt/ /ʍɒt/ /ʍʌt/ [wɑˑt̚˨˩] [wɒʔ(t)] [wʌɾ] [wʌˀ] pronoun
co
what? (interrogative pronoun)
nonstandard relative pronoun
co to, co
fused relative pronoun: that which; those that; the thing(s) that

what a lovely day phraseologicalUnit
ale piękny dzień jaki piękny dzień
what a lovely day

what a pity phraseologicalUnit
szkoda
used to express regret

what about adv
a
used to ask someone to consider something or someone that they have apparently not considered
used to repeat a question
co powiesz na
used to make a suggestion

what are you doing phraseologicalUnit
co Pan robi? co Pani robi? co robisz?
what are you doing

what can I say phraseologicalUnit
co tu dużo mówić
indicating that there is nothing to be said which would improve matters

what date is it today phraseologicalUnit
jaka jest data dzisiaj?
what date is it today?

what day is it today phraseologicalUnit
jaki jest dzień dzisiaj?
what day is it today? (current day of the week or of the month)

what do you know phraseologicalUnit
no proszę!
what a surprise

what do you mean phraseologicalUnit
co masz na myśli o co chodzi
what do you mean? (request for clarification)

what do you say phraseologicalUnit
co powiesz? co się mówi?
used to remind a child to say a polite expression
co ty na to?
used to ask someone if they are willing to do something

what does that have to do with the price of tea in China phraseologicalUnit
co ma piernik do wiatraka gdzie Rzym, gdzie Krym
a comment used to indicate that a previous comment is irrelevant or unimportant

what does … mean phraseologicalUnit
co oznacza …?
what does … mean?

what doesn't kill you makes you stronger proverb
co cię nie zabije, to cię wzmocni
hardship builds moral character

what for adv
dlaczego po co
for what reason; why

what for n
nauczka
an unspecified punishment or rebuke

what goes around comes around proverb
co z siebie dajesz, to do ciebie wraca fortuna kołem się toczy jak Kuba Bogu, tak Bóg Kubie jak sobie pościelesz, tak się wyśpisz
actions have consequences

what goes up must come down proverb
fortuna kołem się toczy raz na wozie, raz pod wozem

what is her name phraseologicalUnit
jak ona ma na imię?
what is her name?

what is his name phraseologicalUnit
jak on ma na imię?
what is his name?

what is more adv
co więcej
furthermore

what is that phraseologicalUnit
co to jest
what is that?

what is the Wi-Fi password phraseologicalUnit
jakie jest hasło do Wi-Fi?
what is the Wi-Fi password?

what is worse adv
co gorsze

what is your name phraseologicalUnit
jak ma Pan na imię? jak ma Pani na imię? jak masz na imię? jak się Pan nazywa? jak się Pani nazywa? jak się nazywasz?
what is your name?

what kind of music do you like phraseologicalUnit
jaka ci się podoba muzyka? jaką muzykę lubisz?
what kind of music do you like?

what languages do you speak phraseologicalUnit
jakie znasz języki?
what languages do you speak?

what should I do phraseologicalUnit
co powinienem zrobić? co powinnam zrobić?
what should I do?

what someone is made of n
pokazać na co kogoś stać pokazywać na co kogoś stać

what the fuck interjection
co do chuja? co jest kurwa? ki chuj?
expressing astonishment

what the fuck phraseologicalUnit
co do chuja? co jest kurwa? ki chuj?
An intensive form of what

what time is it phraseologicalUnit
która godzina która jest godzina
what is the time of day?

what you don't know can't hurt you phraseologicalUnit
czego oczy nie widzą, tego sercu nie żal

what's done is done proverb
co było, to było co się stało, to się nie odstanie

what's in it for me phraseologicalUnit
co z tego będę miał
what are the advantages to me

what's new phraseologicalUnit
co nowego
informal greeting asking what has happened recently

what's on your mind phraseologicalUnit
co ci chodzi po głowie
what is bothering you?

what's that phraseologicalUnit
co mówiłeś? co to było?
what was that
co to jest?
what is that

what's the good of phraseologicalUnit
na co komu to
What is the purpose or advantage of

what's the matter phraseologicalUnit
co się stało? w czym problem?
what's wrong?

what's up phraseologicalUnit
co słychać co tam jak leci jak się masz jak tam
What’s happening? What are you doing?

what's up with phraseologicalUnit
co jest z
said to express a person's behavior is out of the ordinary
o co chodzi z
used to express disbelief or curiosity

what's your job phraseologicalUnit
gdzie pracujesz? kim jesteś z zawodu?
what's your job?

what's your phone number phraseologicalUnit
jaki jest twój numer telefonu?
what's your phone number?

whatchamacallit /ˈwɒtʃəməkɔːlɪt/ /ˈwɔtʃəməkɔːɫət/ /ˈwʌt-/ /ˈwʌt͡ʃməkɑlɪt/ /ˈʍʌt͡ʃəməkɔlɪt/ n
wihajster dynks dzyndzel gżdynks pierdzielnik pipsztyk
any object the actual name of which the speaker does not know or cannot remember

whatever /t/ /wɒtˈɛvə/ /wəɾˈɛvɚ/ /wʌtˈɛvɚ/ /ʍɒtˈɛvə/ determiner
cokolwiek
regardless of the … that; for any … that

whatever /t/ /wɒtˈɛvə/ /wəɾˈɛvɚ/ /wʌtˈɛvɚ/ /ʍɒtˈɛvə/ interjection
jeden pies oj tam
indicating the speaker does not care what someone says

whatever it takes n
po trupach do celu za wszelką cenę
anything required to achieve an objective

whatnot /ˈwɒt.nɒt/ /ˈwʌt.nɑt/ /ˈʍʌt.nɑt/ n
etażerka
etagere

whatsoever /ˌ(h)wʌtsoʊˈɛvɚ/ /ˌwɒtsəʊˈɛvə(ɹ)/ adv
w ogóle wcale
in any way

wheat /wiːt/ /ʍiːt/ n
pszenica
grain

wheat flour /ˈwiːt ˌflaʊə(ɹ)/ /ˈʍiːt ˌflaʊə(ɹ)/ n
mąka pszenna
flour from wheat

wheatear /ˈwiːtɪəɹ/ /ˈʍiːtɪəɹ/ n
białorzytka
birds of genus Oenanthe

wheaten adj
pszeniczny pszenny
made from wheat

wheedler n
bałamut bałamutka bałamutnik

wheel /wil/ /ʍil/ /ʍiːl/ n
koło
a circular device facilitating movement or transportation
koło sterowe
steering device in a vessel

wheel and axle n
kołowrót
simple machine

wheel clamp n
blokada
device locked to the wheel of a motor car to prevent it from being driven

wheel of Fortune pn
koło fortuny
Tarot card

wheelbarrow /ˈwil.bæɹ.oʊ/ n
taczka
small cart

wheelchair /ˈ(h)wilt͡ʃɛɹ/ /ˈwiːlt͡ʃɛə(ɹ)/ n
wózek inwalidzki
chair

wheelhouse /ˈwil-/ /ˈʍilˌhaʊs/ /ˈʍiːlˌhaʊs/ n
sterówka
enclosed compartment on the deck of a vessel from which it may be navigated

wheelie /ˈ(h)wili/ /ˈ(h)wiːli/ n
stunt motocyklowy
action or stunt where a bicycle, etc., is ridden while standing only on its rear wheel or wheels

wheelwright n
kołodziej
person who builds and repairs wheels

wheeze /wiːz/ /ʍiːz/ n
charczenie sapanie
piping or whistling sound caused by difficult respiration

wheeze /wiːz/ /ʍiːz/ v
charczeć chrypieć rzęzić sapać
breathe hard

whelm /wɛlm/ /ʍɛlm/ v
ogarnąć
to overcome with emotion
otoczyć
to bury, cover; to engulf, submerge

when /wɛn/ /wɪn/ /ʍɛn/ /ʍɪn/ adv
kiedy gdy
at what time, as a direct question

when /wɛn/ /wɪn/ /ʍɛn/ /ʍɪn/ conjunction
gdy kiedy
during the time that
as soon as, at the time that
kiedy gdy
at what time; at which time

when /wɛn/ /wɪn/ /ʍɛn/ /ʍɪn/ n
kiedy
the time

when /wɛn/ /wɪn/ /ʍɛn/ /ʍɪn/ pronoun
kiedy
what time; which time

when Hell freezes over adv
prędzej piekło zamarznie
never

when all is said and done phraseologicalUnit
koniec końców w ostatecznym rozrachunku
in the end

when in Rome, do as the Romans do proverb
jeśli wejdziesz między wrony, musisz krakać jak i one co kraj, to obyczaj w czyim chlebie smakujemy, tego i pochlebujemy
behave as those around do

when is closing time phraseologicalUnit
kiedy jest czas zamknięcia?
when is closing time?

when it comes to preposition
jeśli chodzi o jeżeli chodzi o

when life gives you lemons, make lemonade proverb
gdy życie daje ci cytryny, zrób z nich lemoniadę
make the best out of difficult situations

when one door closes, another opens proverb
kiedy jedne drzwi się zamykają, drugie się otwierają

when pigs fly adv
na świętego nigdy
never, expressed by an idiom

when push comes to shove phraseologicalUnit
kiedy przychodzi co do czego
when the pressure is on

when the cat's away proverb
jak kota nie ma w domu, myszy harcują
People take advantage of the absence of authority

when the cat's away the mice will play proverb
gdy kota nie ma, myszy harcują hulaj dusza – piekła nie ma
in the absence of a controlling entity, subordinates will take advantage of circumstances

whence /wɛns/ /ʍɛns/ adv
skąd
from where; from which place or source

whenever /hwəˈnɛvɚ/ /wəˈnɛvə/ /wəˈnɛvɚ/ /wɛnˈɛvə/ /wɛnˈɛvɚ/ conjunction
ilekroć
every time that
kiedykolwiek
at any time that

where /wɛə/ /wɛɚ/ /ʍɛə/ /ʍɛɚ/ adv
dokąd
to what place
gdzie
at or in what place
in what situation
the place in which
gdzie skąd
at what place; to what place; from what place
skąd

where /wɛə/ /wɛɚ/ /ʍɛə/ /ʍɛɚ/ conjunction
dokąd
to which place or situation
gdzie skąd
at or in which place
podczas gdy
while on the contrary, although, whereas

where /wɛə/ /wɛɚ/ /ʍɛə/ /ʍɛɚ/ n
gdzie
the place in which something happens

where are we phraseologicalUnit
gdzie jesteśmy?
where are we

where are we going phraseologicalUnit
gdzie idziemy?
where are we going?

where are you phraseologicalUnit
gdzie jesteś?
where are you?

where are you from phraseologicalUnit
skąd jesteś? skąd pan jest? skąd pani jest? skąd pochodzisz?
in which country or region were you born or raised

where are your parents phraseologicalUnit
gdzie są pana rodzice? gdzie są pani rodzice? gdzie są twoi rodzice?
where are your parents?

where can I find a hotel phraseologicalUnit
gdzie jest hotel?
where can I find a hotel

where do you live phraseologicalUnit
gdzie Pan mieszka? gdzie Pani mieszka? gdzie mieszkacie? gdzie mieszkasz?
where do you live?

where does it hurt phraseologicalUnit
co boli?
where does it hurt?

where does this bus go phraseologicalUnit
dokąd jedzie ten autobus?
where does this bus go

where does this train go phraseologicalUnit
dokąd jedzie ten pociąg?
where does this train go

where have you been phraseologicalUnit
gdzie byliście? gdzie byłaś? gdzie byłeś? gdzie byłyście? gdzie pan był? gdzie pani była?
where have you been?

where is the toilet phraseologicalUnit
gdzie jest toaleta? gdzie jest ubikacja?

where the shoe pinches phraseologicalUnit
sęk w tym

where there is a will there is a way /wɛə-/ /wɛɚ-/ /ʍɛə ˌðɛəɹ ɪz ə ˈwɪl ðɛəɹ ɪz ə ˈweɪ/ /ʍɛɚ ˌðɛɚ ɪz ə ˈwɪl ðɛɚ ɪz ə ˈweɪ/ proverb
chcieć to móc chcącemu nic nie trudno, niechcącemu wszytko dla chcącego nic trudnego dla chcącego nie ma nic trudnego
if someone wants or wills something strongly enough, a way can be found

where's the fire phraseologicalUnit
co się śpieszysz?

whereabouts /ˈ(h)wɛəɹəˌbaʊts/ /ˌ(h)wɛəɹəˈbaʊts/ n
miejsce pobytu
location

whereas /(h)wɛɹˈæz/ /weəɹˈæz/ /wɛː(ɹ)ˈaz/ conjunction
natomiast zaś a
but in contrast; whilst on the contrary…

whereat /wɛəɹˈæt/ conjunction
po czym
at which, or toward which

wherefore /ˈwɛə(ɹ)ˌfɔː(ɹ)/ /ˈʍɛə(ɹ)ˌfɔː(ɹ)/ /ˈʍɜːɹˌfɔːɹ/ conjunction
dlaczego
because of which

whereupon /ˌ(h)wɛrəˈpɑn/ /ˌ(h)wɛrəˈpɔn/ /ˌwɛərəˈpɒn/ conjunction
po czym
after which

wherever /(h)wɛɹˈɛvɚ/ /wɛəˈɹɛvə/ adv
dokądże gdzież
emphatic form of "where"

wherever /(h)wɛɹˈɛvɚ/ /wɛəˈɹɛvə/ conjunction
gdziekolwiek dokąd nie dokąd tylko dokądkolwiek gdzie nie gdzie tylko
in any place, anywhere
wszędzie
in all places, everywhere

whet /ˈwɛt/ /ˈʍɛt/ [ˈwɛ(ʔ)t̚] [ˈʍɛ(ʔ)t̚] v
ostrzyć naostrzyć
hone or rub on with some substance for the purpose of sharpening

whether /ˈwɛðə(ɹ)/ /ˈʍɛðə(ɹ)/ conjunction
czy
introducing indirect questions
czy ... czy
if, whether or not

whetstone /wɛtstəʊn/ /ˈwɛtˌstoʊn/ /ˈʍɛtˌstoʊn/ [ˈwɛʔˌstoʊn] [ˈʍɛʔˌstoʊn] n
osełka
stone used to hone tools

whew /fjuː/ /hwjuː/ [ɸĭ̥ŭ̥] [ʍĭ̥ŭ̥] interjection
uf uff
an expressive sound made indicating the release of one's inner tension

whey /hweɪ/ /weɪ/ n
serwatka
liquid remaining after milk has been curdled

which /wɪt͡ʃ/ /ʍɪt͡ʃ/ determiner
który
(relative) designating the one(s) mentioned
(interrogative) what, of those mentioned or implied

which /wɪt͡ʃ/ /ʍɪt͡ʃ/ pronoun
który
(relative) who, whom, what
(interrogative) what one or ones

whicker /ˈ(h)wɪkɚ/ /ˈwɪkə/ v
rżeć
to neigh softly

whiff /(h)wɪf/ n
podmuch
brief, gentle breeze; light gust of air

while /waɪl/ /ʍaɪl/ conjunction
chociaż mimo
although
podczas dopóki gdy
during the same time that

while /waɪl/ /ʍaɪl/ n
chwila jakiś czas
uncertain duration of time, a period of time

while one is at it conjunction
przy okazji

whim /(h)wɪm/ n
kaprys widzimisię
fanciful impulse

whimper /ˈwɪmpə(ɹ)/ /ˈʍɪmpə(ɹ)/ v
kwilić skomleć
to cry or sob softly and intermittently

whimsical /ˈwɪmzɪkəl/ adj
kapryśny dziwaczny
Given to whimsy; capricious; odd; peculiar; playful; light-hearted or amusing

whimsy /ˈwɪmzi/ /ˈʍɪmzi/ n
kaprys urojenie widzimisię
idea

whinchat n
pokląskwa
Saxicola ruberta

whine /waɪn/ /ʍaɪn/ [ʍäːn] [ʍɑe̯n] [ʍʌɪ̯n] v
marudzić
to utter a whine

whip /wɪp/ /ʍɪp/ n
bicz bat
rod or rope

whip /wɪp/ /ʍɪp/ v
biczować chłostać ubiczować
to hit with a whip

whiplash /ˈwɪp.ˌlæʃ/ /ˈʍɪp.ˌlæʃ/ n
raz
lash of a whip
uraz biczowaty uraz biczowy
whiplash injury

whipped cream n
bita śmietana
thick cream that has had air incorporated into it by rapid beating

whippersnapper /ˈwɪpəˌsnæpə/ /ˈʍɪpəɹˌsnæpəɹ/ n
chłystek
young, cheeky person

whippet n
chart angielski whippet
a dog of a certain breed, similar to a small greyhound, originating in Britain and bred for racing

whipping /ˈwɪpɪŋ/ /ˈʍɪpɪŋ/ n
baty
punishment
baty cięgi
defeat

whipping boy n
chłopiec do bicia
someone punished for the errors of others

whipstock n
biczysko

whirl /(h)wɝl/ /wɜːl/ /ʍɜːl/ /ˈʍɪɾ(ə̯)l/ v
wirować
To rotate, revolve, spin rapidly

whirlpool /ˈhwɝlpul/ /ˈwɜːlpuːl/ /ˈwɝlpul/ n
wir wodny
swirling body of water

whirlwind /ˈ(h)wɝlwɪnd/ /ˈwɜːlwɪnd/ n
trąba powietrzna
violent windstorm of limited extent characterized by an inward spiral motion of the air

whisk /(h)wɪsk/ n
trzepaczka ubijaczka
kitchen utensil

whisker /wɪskə(ɹ)/ /ʍɪskə(ɹ)/ n
bokobrody
part of the beard
wibrys wibrysy
long projecting hair at the sides of the mouth of a cat

whiskered tern n
rybitwa białowąsa
Chlidonias hybrida

whiskey /ˈwɪski/ /ˈʍɪski/ n
whisky
alcoholic drink

whisper /ˈ(h)wɪspə/ /ˈ(h)wɪspɚ/ n
szept
act of speaking in a quiet voice

whisper /ˈ(h)wɪspə/ /ˈ(h)wɪspɚ/ v
szeptać szepnąć
talk in a quiet voice

whist /wɪst/ /ʍɪst/ n
wist
card game

whistle /wɪsl̩/ /ʍɪsl̩/ n
gwizd
sound made by whistling
sound similar to the sound made by whistling
gwizd świst
act of whistling
gwizdek piszczałka
device used to make a whistling sound

whistle /wɪsl̩/ /ʍɪsl̩/ v
gwizdać świstać
to produce a whistling sound

whistle Dixie v
fantazjować
to engage in idle conversational phantasies

whistle past the graveyard v
robić dobrą minę do złej gry
to try to be cheerful in the face of one's fears

whistle-blower n
sygnalista
one who reports a problem or violation to the authorities

white /waɪt/ /ʍaɪt/ adj
biały
bright and colourless
board games: deemed to belong to the white set
of coffee or tea, containing milk etc.
relatively light or pale in colour
politics: anti-revolutionary
biały białoskóry
of or relating to Caucasians
designated for use by Caucasians
biały blady
pale or pallid
biały siwy
grey, as from old age

white /waɪt/ /ʍaɪt/ n
biała śmierć biały proszek
street name for cocaine
białko
white of the egg; albumen
white of the eye
biel
white pigment
biel białość biały
color/colour
bielinek
common name for butterflies in the subfamily Pierinae

white as a sheet adj
biały jak papier
pale as if suffering from shock

white as snow adj
śnieżnobiały
very white

white blood cell n
leukocyt białe ciałko krwi krwinka biała
cytology: a type of blood cell that is involved with an immune response

white bread n
białe pieczywo
bread made from white flour

white bream n
krąp
European fish

white cabbage n
kapusta biała
Brassica oleracea var. capitata f. alba

white chocolate n
biała czekolada
food made from cocoa butter, milk, and sugar, having no cocoa solids

white clover n
koniczyna biała
Trifolium repens

white coat n
chałat kitel
white coat worn in laboratories

white coffee n
biała kawa
coffee with milk added

white currant /waɪtˈkʌɹənt/ /ˈwaɪtkʌɹənt/ n
biała porzeczka
berry
shrub

white dwarf n
biały karzeł
white dwarf star

white elephant n
biały słoń
mammal

white flag n
biała flaga
a flag used as a symbol of surrender

white gold n
białe złoto
any precious metal alloy consisting of gold and a platinum group metal

white goods n
biały montaż
appliances

white goosefoot n
komosa biała bańdocha faćka jarmucha jarmuż jarmużka
Chenopodium album

white lady n
biała dama
cocaine
in folklore

white lead n
blejwas
lead carbonate or the paint thereof

white lie n
bajer
deliberate untrue statement which is intended to produce a favorable result

white magic n
biała magia
magic derived from benign forces

white marriage n
białe małżeństwo
unconsummated marriage

white matter n
istota biała substancja biała
region of the central nervous system

white meat n
białe mięso
light-coloured meat

white mulberry n
morwa biała
mulberry tree

white mustard n
gorczyca biała
Sinapis alba

white night n
biała noc
(astronomy) a night with only civil twilight, where the sun does not go further than 6° below the horizon
a sleepless night

white paper n
biała księga
parliamentary document

white poplar n
białodrzew topola biała
Populus alba

white rhinoceros n
nosorożec biały
Ceratotherium simum

white rust n
bielik
plant disease

white space /ˈwaɪtˌspeɪs/ n
biały znak
single character or series of characters
white area between written characters and graphic regions on a produced page

white squall n
biały szkwał

white stork /waɪt stɔɹk/ /waɪt stɔːk/ n
bocian biały
large wading bird, Ciconia ciconia

white supremacy n
biała supremacja
ideology

white tea n
biała herbata
drink made with water and leaves

white vinegar n
esencja octowa
vinegar that has been distilled

white wine n
białe wino
light coloured wine

white-backed black tit n
sikora jasnogrzbieta
Melaniparus leuconotus

white-bearded antshrike n
sliniacznik
passerine bird

white-bellied tit n
sikora białobrzucha
Melaniparus albiventris

white-billed diver n
nur białodzioby
Gavia adamsii

white-blue-white flag n
biało-niebiesko-biała flaga
pacifist Russian flag

white-browed tit n
sikora białobrewa
Poecile superciliosus

white-collar worker n
białe kołnierzyki
type of worker

white-eyed gull n
mewa bialooka
Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus

white-fronted tit n
sikora białoczelna
Sittiparus semilarvatus

white-haired adj
białowłosy
having white hair

white-handed adj
białoręki
having white hands

white-headed duck n
sterniczka
Oxyura leucocephala

white-hot adj
rozpalać do białości rozpalić do białości
fervid

white-naped crane n
żuraw białoszyi
Antigone vipio

white-naped tit n
sikora białokarkowa
Machlolophus nuchalis

white-nosed coati n
ostronos białonosy
Nasua narica

white-rumped sandpiper n
biegus białorzytny
Calidris fuscicollis

white-shouldered antshrike n
chronka kropkowana
passerine bird

white-tailed eagle n
bielik birkut berkut
Haliaeetus albicilla

white-tailed lapwing n
czajka stepowa
Vanellus leucurus

white-tailed ptarmigan n
pardwa białosterna
Lagopus leucura

white-throated dipper n
pluszcz pluszcz zwyczajny
Cinclus cinclus

white-throated robin n
iranka
Irania gutturalis

white-throated sparrow n
pasówka białogardła
Zonotrichia albicollis

white-winged tern n
rybitwa białoskrzydła
Chlidonias leucopterus

whitebeam /ˈwaɪtˌbim/ /ˈwaɪtˌbiːm/ n
jarząb mączny
any of various Eurasian deciduous trees of the genus Sorbus subg. Aria

whitebeard n
białobrody

whiteboard /ˈwaɪtbɔɹd/ /ˈwaɪtbɔːd/ n
biała tablica
large vertical writing area

whitefish n
sieja
fish of the genus Coregonus

whitefly n
mączlik
Any of various Aleyrodidae

whitelist n
biała lista
list of people that are known

whitelist v
umieszczać na białej liście umieścić na białej liście

whitelisted adj
na białej liście

whitely /ˈwʌɪtli/ adv
biało

whiten /ˈ(h)waɪ̯.tən/ [ˈ(h)waɪ̯tn̩] [ˈ(h)waɪ̯ʔn̩] v
bieleć bielić się zbieleć
to become white or whiter; to bleach or blanch
bielić
to make white or whiter; to bleach or blanch

whiteness /ˈwaɪtnəs/ /ˈʍaɪtnəs/ n
biel białość
state of being white

whites /(h)waɪts/ n
bielizna
linen

whitethroat n
cierniówka
Sylvia communis

whitewash /ˈwaɪtwɒʃ/ v
bielić
to paint over with a lime and water mixture so as to brighten up a wall or fence
zatuszować zatuszowywać
to cover over errors or bad actions

whitewater rafting n
rafting spływ rzeczny
traveling by raft

whither /ˈwɪðə/ /ˈwɪðɚ/ /ˈʍɪðə/ /ˈʍɪðɚ/ adv
dokąd
to which place

whiting /ˈwaɪtɪŋ/ /ˈʍaɪtɪŋ/ n
bielidło
fine white chalk

whitish /ˈwaɪtɪʃ/ /ˈʍaɪtɪʃ/ adj
białawy
somewhat white

whitishly adv
białawo

whitlow /ˈwɪt.loʊ/ /ˈʍɪt.loʊ/ n
zastrzał
infection near or under the cuticle of a fingernail or toenail

whittle /ˈwɪtəl/ /ˈʍɪtəl/ n
scyzoryk
knife

whittle /ˈwɪtəl/ /ˈʍɪtəl/ v
wyrzeźbić wystrugać
cut or shape wood with a knife

who /hu/ /huː/ pronoun
kto
who? (interrogative pronoun)
który kto
who (relative pronoun)

who goes there phraseologicalUnit
kto idzie?

who knows phraseologicalUnit
kto wie?
rhetorical question: anything is possible
rhetorical question: one doesn't know

who pays the piper calls the tune proverb
kto płaci, ten wymaga
one who pays for something controls it

who watches the watchers phraseologicalUnit
kto pilnować będzie samych strażników
concern about accountability of those monitoring behavior

who would have thunk it /ˈhuː wʊd həv ˈθʌŋk ɪt/ phraseologicalUnit
kto by pomyślał
who would have guessed it?

whoa /woʊ/ /wəʊ/ /ʍoʊ/ /ʍəʊ/ interjection
prr pru
stop, said to a horse

whodunit /ˌhuːˈdʌn.ɪt/ n
kryminał powieść detektywistyczna powieść kryminalna
a crime novel or drama

whoever /huˈɛvə/ /huˈɛvɚ/ pronoun
ktokolwiek
any person or persons that

whole /hoʊl/ /həʊl/ [hoʊɫ] [hɒʊɫ] [həʊɫ] adj
cały
entire
pełny
food with no constituents removed

whole /hoʊl/ /həʊl/ [hoʊɫ] [hɒʊɫ] [həʊɫ] adv
całkowicie
colloquial: in entirety

whole /hoʊl/ /həʊl/ [hoʊɫ] [hɒʊɫ] [həʊɫ] n
całość
something complete

whole tone n
cały ton
interval approximating 9/8 or 10/9

wholeheartedly /ˌhəʊlˈhɑː(ɹ)t.ɪd.li/ adv
serio z całego serca
in a wholehearted manner; with one's whole heart; enthusiastically

wholemeal bread n
chleb razowy
bread

wholeness n
całość
quality of being whole

wholesale /ˈhoʊlseɪl/ adj
hurtowy
of or relating to sale in bulk or large quantity

wholesale /ˈhoʊlseɪl/ adv
hurtowo
in bulk or large quantity

wholesale /ˈhoʊlseɪl/ n
hurt
sale of products, often in large quantities, to retailers or other merchants

wholesaler n
hurtownik
person or company that sells goods wholesale to retailers

wholesome /ˈhol.səm/ adj
zdrowy
promoting good health, and well-being

whom /huːm/ pronoun
kogo
what person; object of a verb (accusative)
komu
what person or people, object of a preposition (dative)

whomp /wɑmp/ /wɒmp/ /ʍɑmp/ /ʍɒmp/ v
bachnąć

whooping cough /ˈhuːpɪŋ ˌkɒf/ /ˈhuːpɪŋ ˌkɔf/ /ˈhuːpɪŋ ˌkɔːf/ /ˈwʊpɪŋ ˌkɔf/ n
koklusz krztusiec
a contagious disease

whopper /ˈwɑ.pɚ/ /ˈwɒp.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈʍɑ.pɚ/ /ˈʍɒp.ə(ɹ)/ n
kobyła kolos
something remarkably large

whore /ho(ː)ɹ/ /hoə/ /hoʊ/ /hɔɹ/ /hɔː/ /hʊə/ /hʊɹ/ n
kurwa prostytutka dziwka szmata

whore /ho(ː)ɹ/ /hoə/ /hoʊ/ /hɔɹ/ /hɔː/ /hʊə/ /hʊɹ/ v
prostytuować się
to prostitute oneself

whore around v
być gościnnym w kroku kurwić się puszczać się
to regularly copulate with people that one is not in a relationship with

whoremonger /ˈhɔɹˌmɑŋ.ɡɚ/ /ˈhɔɹˌmʌŋ.ɡɚ/ /ˈhɔːˌmʌŋ.ɡə/ n
alfons stręczyciel sutener
pimp
dziwkarz kurwiarz
frequent customer of whores

whose /huːz/ determiner
czyj
of whom (interrogative)
który
of which (relative)
of whom (relative)

why /waɪ/ /ʍaɪ/ adv
dlaczego czemu
dlaczego czemu po co na co
for what reason

why /waɪ/ /ʍaɪ/ interjection
ależ przecież toć
exclamation of surprise

why /waɪ/ /ʍaɪ/ n
dlaczego powód
the reason

why not adv
czemu nie dlaczego nie może by
introduce a proposal

wick /wɪk/ n
knot świecidło
the porous cord that draws up liquid fuel for burning

wicked /ˈwɪkɪd/ adj
nikczemny podły wredny
evil or mischievous

wicker /ˈwɪkə(ɹ)/ /ˈwɪkɚ/ n
wiklina
flexible branch or twig

wickerworker n
wikliniarz
someone who makes things with wicker

wicket gate n
bramka furtka
a small gate or door, especially one built into a large one

wide /waɪd/ /wɑed/ adj
szeroki
having a large physical extent from side to side

wide /waɪd/ /wɑed/ adv
szeroko
extensively

wide awake adj
czujny uważny
awake and very alert

wide berth n
omijać szerokim łukiem
considerable or comfortable distance from a person or object

wide open adj
na oścież
open completely

wide-angle adj
szerokokątny
having angle of view greater than 70°

wide-angle converter n
konwerter szerokokątny

wide-angle lens n
obiektyw szerokokątny
short focal length lens

wide-eyed adj
zrobić wielkie oczy (literally make big eyes̠)
astonished or surprised

widely /ˈwaɪdli/ adv
daleko
separated by a large distance
szeroko
commonly, generally

widen /ˈwaɪdən/ v
poszerzać się poszerzyć się
to become wider
poszerzać poszerzyć
to broaden or extend
to let out clothes
to make wider

widespread /ˈwaɪdˌspɹɛd/ /ˌwaɪdˈspɹɛd/ adj
rozpowszechniony
affecting a large area

widget /ˈwɪd͡ʒ.ɪt/ n
widżet
component of a graphical user interface that the user interacts with

widow /ˈwɪd.oʊ/ /ˈwɪd.əʊ/ n
wdowa
woman whose spouse has died
wdowa bękart
single line of type carried over to the next page

widow's mite /ˈwɪdoʊz ˈmaɪt/ /ˈwɪdəʊz ˈmaɪt/ n
wdowi grosz
very small gift or donation

widower /ˈwɪdoʊɚ/ n
wdowiec
a man whose spouse has died and who has not remarried

widowerhood n
wdowieństwo
The period of being a widower

widowhood n
wdowieństwo
The period of being a widow

width /ˈwɪdθ/ /ˈwɪtθ/ /ˈwɪθ/ [wɪd̪θ] n
szerokość
measurement of something from side to side

wieldy /ˈwildi/ /ˈwiːldi/ [ˈwɪəldɪ] adj
wydolny
capable of being easily wielded or managed

wiener /ˈwiːnə(ɹ)/ n
frankfurterka
siusiak
childish word for the penis

wife /waɪf/ n
żona małżonka
married woman

wifeless adj
bezżenny
having no wife; unmarried

wifelessness n
bezżenność bezżeństwo

wig /wɪɡ/ n
peruka
head of artificial hair

wigeon n
świstun
a kind of duck

wiggle room n
furtka
opportunity to make alternative decisions

wight /waɪt/ n
istota
a living creature, a human being

wigmaker n
perukarz
person who makes wigs

wigwam /ˈwɪɡwɑːm/ n
wigwam
a Native American dwelling

wiki /ˈwiːki/ /ˈwɪki/ n
wiki
collaborative website

wild /waɪld/ [waɪ̯ɫd] [ˈwaɪ̯.ɫ̩d] adj
dziki
not domesticated or tamed
raucous, unruly, and savage

wild ass /waɪld ˈæs/ n
dziki osioł
mammal

wild boar /ˈwaɪld ˈboɹ/ /ˈwaɪld ˈbɔː/ n
dzik
Sus scrofa

wild cherry n
czereśnia
Prunus avium fruit
Prunus avium tree

wild goat n
koza bezoarowa
capra aegagrus

wild goose n
gęś gęgawa
species of wildlife goose

wild hair n
widzimisię
a fervent, usually sudden, desire to do something surprising or unexpected

wild rice n
dziki ryż
any species of Zizania

wild service tree n
brzęk jarząb brekinia
Sorbus torminalis

wild strawberry n
poziomka
berry
poziomka poziomka pospolita
plant

wild thyme n
macierzanka piaskowa
species of flowering plant in the mint family

wild turkey n
indyk
Meleagris gallopavo

wild-goose chase n
szukanie wiatru w polu
fruitless, futile pursuit

wildcard n
wieloznacznik
special character

wildcat /ˈwaɪ.əldˌkæt/ /ˈwaɪldˌkæt/ [ˈwaɪ.əlʔˌkæt] n
żbik
Felis silvestris

wildcat strike /ˈwaɪ.əldˌkæt ˈstɹaɪk/ /ˈwaɪldˌkæt ˈstɹaɪk/ n
strajk dziki
labour strike not authorized by the leaders of a trade union

wilderness /-nɪs/ /ˈwɪldənəs/ /ˈwɪldɚnəs/ n
dzicz manowce pustkowie pustynia
uncultivated and unsettled land in its natural state; a tract of such land

wildly /ˈwaɪldli/ adv
wściekle
in a wild manner

will /wɪl/ [wɪɫ] n
wola
act of choosing to do something; conscious intent or volition
intention or decision
one's independent faculty of choice

will do interjection
da się zrobić
affirmative yes

will o' the wisp /ˌwɪləðəˈwɪsp/ n
błędny ognik ognik
strange light

will you marry me phraseologicalUnit
wyjdziesz za mnie?
marriage proposal

will-less adj
bezwolny
of a person, lacking volition, not exercising one's will

will-lessly adv
bezwolnie

willful ignorance n
celowe niedostrzeganie
a decision in bad faith to avoid becoming informed

willing /ˈwɪlɪŋ/ adj
chętny gotowy ochoczy
ready to do something that is not a matter of course

willingness /ˈwɪlɪŋnəs/ n
chęć ochota
state of being willing

willlessness n
bezwola bezwolność
state or condition of being willless

willow /ˈwɪl.əʊ/ /ˈwɪloʊ/ n
wierzba
tree

willow warbler n
piecuszek
Phylloscopus trochilus

willowherb n
wierzbownica
Epilobium

willpower /ˈwɪlˌpaʊɚ/ n
siła woli
strength of will

willy /ˈwɪli/ n
siusiak
The penis

willy-nilly /ˌ(ˈ)wɪliˈnɪli/ adv
chcąc nie chcąc
whether desired or not; without regard for consequences or wishes of those affected
na chybił trafił
seemingly at random

wilt /wɪlt/ v
więdnąć
to droop

wimp /wɪmp/ n
mięczak ciapa pierdoła sierota wymoczek
someone who lacks confidence

win /wɪn/ n
zwycięstwo wygrana
individual victory

win /wɪn/ v
wygrywać wygrać
to gain a prize
wygrywać wygrać zwyciężyć zwyciężać
transitive: achieve victory in
wygrywać zwyciężać
intransitive: achieve by winning
zdobywać zdobyć
obtain (someone) by wooing

win-win /ˌwɪnˈwɪn/ adj
wilk syty i owca cała
of a situation that benefits two parties

win-win /ˌwɪnˈwɪn/ n
wilk syty i owca cała
situation that benefits both parties

winch /wɪnt͡ʃ/ n
kołowrót
machine

wind /ˈwaɪnd/ /ˈwɪnd/ n
wiatr
movement of air
wiatry wiatr
flatus

wind /waɪnd/ v
nakręcić
to tighten a clockwork mechanism
nawijać
to turn coils of something around

wind farm /ˈwɪndfɑːm/ /ˈwɪndˌfɑɹm/ n
elektrownia wiatrowa
collection of wind turbines

wind generator n
turbina wiatrowa
wind-driven generator

wind instrument n
instrument dęty
type of musical instrument

wind power n
aeroenergetyka energia wiatru
power harnessed from the wind

wind tunnel n
tunel aerodynamiczny
test facility

wind turbine n
turbina wiatrowa
device

wind up /waɪnd ˈʌp/ v
robić w konia
to play a prank, to take the mickey or mock

windbreaker /ˈwɪndbɹeɪkə(ɹ)/ n
wiatrówka
thin outer coat

windfall /ˈwɪnd.fo(ː)l/ /ˈwɪnd.fɑl/ /ˈwɪnd.fɔl/ /ˈwɪnd.fɔːl/ n
gratka
sudden large benefit
spad
fruit fallen off a tree naturally
wiatrołom
something that has been blown down by the wind

winding number n
indeks
the number of times a curve travels counterclockwise around a point

winding sheet n
całun
burial shroud

windlass /ˈwɪnd.ləs/ n
kołowrót
winch

windless /ˈwɪndləs/ adj
windless
devoid of wind

windlessly adv
bezwietrznie

windmill /ˈwɪnd.mɪl/ n
wiatrak
structure
machine

window /ˈwɪndoʊ/ /ˈwɪndə/ /ˈwɪndəʊ/ n
okienko okno
period of time
okno
opening for light and air
okno okienko
area on a computer screen

window frame n
framuga
framework around a window

window of opportunity /-ˈt͡ʃuː-/ /ˌwɪndoʊ‿əv ˌɑpɚˈt(j)unəti/ /ˌwɪndəʊ‿əv ˌɒpəˈtjuːnɪtɪ/ [-ɾi] n
okno możliwości

window seat n
miejsce przy oknie
seat beside a window

windowless adj
bezokienny
having no windows, especially no external windows

windowpane /ˈwɪndoʊˌpeɪn/ /ˈwɪndəʊˌpeɪn/ n
szyba szyba okienna
piece of glass filling a window

windowsill /ˈwɪndoʊˌsɪl/ /ˈwɪndəʊˌsɪl/ /ˈwɪndəˌsɪl/ n
parapet podokiennik
the horizontal member protruding from the base of a window frame

windpipe /ˈwɪndpaɪp/ n
tchawica
trachea

windshield n
przednia szyba
screen located in front of a vehicle to protect from wind and weather

windshield wiper n
wycieraczka
device to clear a windshield

windsock n
rękaw
tube designed to indicate wind direction and relative wind speed

windsurfer n
windsurfer windsurferka
a person who windsurfs

windsurfing n
windsurfing
a marine sport

windthrow n
wywrót
trees toppled by wind

windward /ˈwɪndwə(ɹ)d/ /ˈwɪnə(ɹ)d/ adj
nawietrzny
towards the wind

windward /ˈwɪndwə(ɹ)d/ /ˈwɪnə(ɹ)d/ n
nawietrzna
towards the wind

windy /ˈwɪndi/ adj
wietrzny
accompanied by wind

wine /waɪn/ n
wino
alcoholic beverage made from grapes
alcoholic beverage made from other fruits, vegetables or plants
serving of wine

wine /waɪn/ v
pić wino
drink wine

wine bar n
winiarnia
drinking establishment where only wine is served

wine cellar n
piwnica win
underground place for storing wine

wine glass n
kieliszek do wina
glass vessel for drinking wine from

wine list n
lista win
list of wines available at a restaurant or bar

wine vinegar n
ocet winny
vinegar made from wine

winecup n
czara kielich
vessel from which wine is drunk

winegrower n
winiarz winogrodnik
person or company that makes wine

winemaking n
winiarstwo
process of making wine

winery /ˈwaɪnəɹi/ n
winiarnia
a place where wine is made, or a company that makes wine

wineskin n
bukłak
bag for holding wine

winetasting n
degustacja wina
sensory examination and evaluation of wine

wing /wɪŋ/ n
błotnik
panel of a car which encloses the wheel area
skrzydło
part of an aircraft
part of an animal
extension to a main body
faction of a political movement
extension of a ship's bridge
sports: position in many team sports

wing chair n
berżera
chair

wing mirror n
lusterko boczne
mirror on the side of a car

winged /wɪŋ(ɪ)d/ adj
skrzydlaty uskrzydlony
having wings

winger /ˈwɪŋ.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈwɪŋ.ɚ/ n
skrzydłowy
offensive player

wingless adj
bezskrzydły
lacking wings

winglet /ˈwɪŋlɪt/ n
szkrzydełko
a small wing

wingman /ˈwɪŋmæn/ n
skrzydłowy
friend that gives support
pilot partner

wingnut /ˈwɪŋˌnʌt/ n
skrzydłorzech
genus Pterocarya (botany)

wingspan n
rozpiętość skrzydeł
the distance from left wingtip to right

wingtip n
kapka
of a shoe

wink /ˈwɪŋk/ n
oczko
subtle allusion

wink /ˈwɪŋk/ v
mrugnąć puścić oko
to blink with only one eye as a message, signal, or suggestion

winner /ˈwɪnə/ /ˈwɪnɚ/ n
zwycięzca zwyciężczyni
one who has won or often wins

winner-take-all adj
taki, w jakim zwycięzca bierze wszystko
pertaining to a contest in which only the winner is rewarded

winning mentality n
mentalność zwycięzcy

winnow /ˈwɪnoʊ/ /ˈwɪnəʊ/ n
wiejadło
something that winnows

winnow /ˈwɪnoʊ/ /ˈwɪnəʊ/ v
odsiać odsiewać
figuratively: to separate, sift, analyze, test
wiać
to separate the heavier and lighter with a current of air

winnowing n
wianie
act of separating chaff from grain

winnowing basket n
wiejadło
basket used to winnow

winnowing fan n
wiejadło
fan used to separate chaff from grain

winsome /ˈwɪn.s(ə)m/ /ˈwɪn.səm/ adj
ujmujący
charming, engaging, winning

winter /ˈwɪntə/ /ˈwɪntɚ/ [ˈwɪntʰɚ] [ˈwɪnɚ] [ˈwɪɾ̃ɚ] n
zima
fourth season, marked by short days and the lowest temperatures

winter quarters n
kwatera zimowa leże zimowe zimowisko

winter solstice n
przesilenie zimowe
the moment when the hemisphere is most inclined away from the sun

winter sport n
sport zimowy białe szaleństwo
sport played on ice or snow

winter swimmer n
mors
one who participates in winter swimming

wintergreen n
gruszyczka
evergreen perennial of the genus Pyrola

wintrily adv
zimowo
in a wintry manner

wintry /ˈwɪnt(ə)ɹi/ /ˈwɪnt(ə)ɹɪ/ [ˈwɪɾ̃(ə)ɹi] adj
zimowy
suggestive or characteristic of winter; cold, stormy

wipe /waɪp/ v
wycierać wytrzeć
remove surface substance
wymazać
erase a computer disk

wipe off v
zetrzeć
remove by wiping

wipe out v
wymazać
to erase
wymazać zniszczyć tępić
to destroy or obliterate

wipe the slate clean /ˌwaɪp ðə sleɪt ˈkliːn/ v
zapominać o dawnych urazach zapomnieć o dawnych urazach
to make a fresh start, forgetting differences

wire /waɪ(ə)ɹ/ /waɪə(ɹ)/ /wʌɪ(ə)ɹ/ /ˈwaɪɚ/ [wäɪɚ] [wəɪɚ] n
drut
thin thread of metal
kabel pluskwa
slang: hidden listening device on the person
kabel przewód
metal conductor that carries electricity

wire copy n
depesza
item published by a wire service

wire transfer n
przelew
electronic transfer of funds

wireless /ˈwaɪ(jə)ɹ.ləs/ /ˈwaɪə.ləs/ adj
bezprzewodowy bezsznurowy
not having any wires
radiowy
of or relating to wireless telegraphy

wireless /ˈwaɪ(jə)ɹ.ləs/ /ˈwaɪə.ləs/ n
radio
radio

wirelessly adv
bezprzewodowo

wirelessness n
bezprzewodowość

wiretap n
pluskwa
covert connection

wiretap v
zakładać pluskwę
to install or to use such a device

wiring harness n
pęk wiązka
bundle of insulated wires

wisdom /ˈwɪzdəm/ n
mądrość
element of personal character
ability to apply relevant knowledge in an insightful way
ability to make a decision based on the combination of knowledge, experience, and intuitive understanding
ability to know and apply spiritual truths
discretionary use of knowledge for the greatest good
piece of wise advice

wisdom tooth n
ząb mądrości ósemka
rearmost molar in humans

wise /waɪz/ adj
mądry
showing good judgement

wise man /ˈwʌɪzman/ n
mędrzec
wise man

wiseacreish adj
przemądrzały
not sated

wiseacreishness n
przemądrzałość

wisent /ˈviːzənt/ /ˈwɪzənt/ n
żubr
European bison, Bison bonasus

wish /wɪʃ/ n
życzenie
desire

wish /wɪʃ/ v
życzyć pożyczyć
to hope for an outcome

wish list n
lista życzeń
list of desired things

wishbone n
widełki
bird's bone

wishful /ˈwɪʃfəl/ adj
życzeniowy
aspiring, or seeking advancement

wishful thinking n
myślenie życzeniowe chciejstwo pobożne życzenie
illusion that what one would like is true

wisteria /wɪsˈtiriə/ /wɪsˈtɛriə/ n
glicynia słodlin wisteria
a genus of about ten species of woody climbing vines

wistful /ˈwɪstfəl/ adj
tęskny
full of longing

witch /wɪt͡ʃ/ n
czarownica wiedźma heksa jędza
person who uses magic
wiedźma
derogatory: ugly or unpleasant woman

witch doctor /ˈwɪtʃ ˌdɑktɚ/ /ˈwɪtʃ ˌdɒktə/ n
ciota szaman uzdrowiciel zamawiacz zamawiaczka znachor
person believed to ward off witchcraft and heal through magic

witch hazel n
oczar
tree of the genus Hamamelis

witch's broom n
czarcia miotła

witch's hat n
wilgotnica czerniejąca
fungus

witch-hunt /ˈwɪtʃhʌnt/ n
polowanie na czarownice
persecution of persons believed to be using magic
campaign to punish dissident persons

witchcraft /ˈwɪt͡ʃkɹæft/ /ˈwɪt͡ʃkɹɑːft/ n
czary
the practice of witches

witching hour n
godzina duchów
hour after midnight, when witches were thought to be active

with /wəð/ /wəθ/ /wɪi/ /wɪt/ /wɪv/ /wɪð/ /wɪθ/ preposition
z
against
in addition to
in the company of
with
as nourishment
expressing manner
in support of
z za pomocą
by means of

with a bump
nagle

with a grain of salt adv
z przymrużeniem oka
with common sense and skepticism

with all due respect
z całym szacunkiem z należytym szacunkiem
phrase used before disagreeing with someone

with all one's heart
całym sercem z całego serca
with much sincerity

with all one's might
z całej siły

with any luck phraseologicalUnit
przy odrobinie szczęścia

with bated breath /wɪð ˈbeɪtɪd ˈbɹɛθ/
z zapartym tchem
eagerly
holding one's breath

with difficulty /wɪð ˈdɪfɪkʊlti/ /wɪð ˈdɪfɪkʌlti/
z biedą z trudem
having difficulty

with flying colors
śpiewająco
(idiom) extremely well

with good reason
nie bez powodu
based on sound judgment and inference

with one voice
jednym głosem
in unison

with one's bare hands
własnymi rękami
barehandedly

with one's eyes closed adv
z łatwością

with one's head held high adv
z podniesionym czołem
proudly

with one's last breath
ostatnim tchem

with one's own eyes
na własne oczy naocznie

with open arms
z otwartym sercem z otwartymi ramionami z otwartymi rękami z otwartymi rękoma
with enthusiasm, as if embracing

with pleasure /wəð ˈpleʒ.ə/ /wɪð ˈplɛʒ.ə/ /wɪθ ˈplɛʒ.ɚ/
z przyjemnością z lubością
willingly, without argument

with regard to preposition
w sprawie
concerning

withdraw /wɪðˈdɹɑ/ /wɪðˈdɹɔ/ /wɪðˈdɹɔː/ /wɪθˈdɹɑ/ /wɪθˈdɹɔ/ /wɪθˈdɹɔː/ v
cofać się wycofać się
to draw or pull (something) aside, away, or back from its original position or situation
cofać odstąpić odstępować wycofać wycofywać
of soldiers: to leave a battle or position where they are stationed
wycofać
to take away or take back (something previously given or permitted)
wypłacać wypłacić
to extract (money) from a bank account or other financial deposit

withdrawal /wɪðˈdɹɔː(ə)l/ /wɪðˈdɹɔːɹəl/ /wɪθˈdɹɔː(ə)l/ /wɪθˈdɹɔːɹəl/ /ˈwɪθˌdɹɔːl/ n
absta głód narkotyczny
type of metabolic shock
wyjęcie
act of withdrawing

withe /waɪð/ /wɪð/ /wɪθ/ n
witka wić
twig or shoot

wither /ˈwɪðə/ /ˈwɪðɚ/ v
więdnąć
(intransitive) shrivel, droop, dry up

witherite n
witeryt
mineral

withers /ˈwɪð.əz/ /ˈwɪð.ɚz/ n
kłąb
part of the back of a draft animal

within /wɪðˈɪn/ /wɪˈθɪn/ preposition
w ciągu w przeciągu
before the specified duration ends
wewnątrz
spatial enclosure

within reach
na wyciągnięcie ręki
at a close distance to
at a distance close enough to touch by reaching

without /wɪðˈaʊt/ /wɪθˈaʊt/ [wɪðˈɐʊt] [wɪθˈɐʊt] preposition
bez beze
not having

without a hitch
bez zarzutu
without any problems

without a trace
jak kamień w wodę
Not to leave any traces behind, to disappear

without exception
bezwyjątkowo
exceptionless

withstand /wɪðˈstænd/ /wɪθˈstænd/ v
wytrzymać wytrzymywać
to resist

witness /ˈwɪtnəs/ /ˈwɪtnɪs/ n
świadectwo
attestation of a fact or event
świadek
one who has a personal knowledge of something
someone called to give evidence in a court

witty /ˈwɪti/ [ˈwɪɾi] adj
dowcipny
clever; amusingly ingenious

wizard /wɪz.ɚd/ /ˈwɪz.əd/ n
czarodziej czarownik wiedźmak wiedźmarz
person skilled with magic
kreator
computing: program or script used to simplify complex operations

wizardry n
czarnoksięstwo
art of a wizard; sorcery

woad /woʊd/ /wəʊd/ n
urzet farbownik siniło
Isatis tinctoria

wobble /ˈwɑbl̩/ /ˈwɒbl̩/ v
chwiać się zachwiać się
move with an uneven or rocking motion
wahać się
vacillate

wobbulator n
wobulatora
electronic device primarily used for aligning intermediate frequency strips

woe /woʊ/ /wəʊ/ interjection
biada
exclamation of grief

woe /woʊ/ /wəʊ/ n
niedola cierpienie nieszczęście żałość
grief; sorrow; misery; heavy calamity

woe betide /ˌwoʊ bəˈtaɪd/ /ˌwəʊ bɪˈtaɪd/ v
biada
bad things will happen to

woe is me /ˌwoʊ ɪz ˈmi/ /ˌwəʊ ɪz ˈmiː/ interjection
biada mi
interjection

wog /wɒɡ/ n
brudas ciapaty
an offensive term for a dark-skinned person

wok /wɑk/ /wɒk/ n
wok
large round pan

wolf /wʊf/ /wʊlf/ /wʌlf/ [wɫ̩f] [wʊwf] [wʊ̠ɫf] n
wilk basior wadera
animal

wolf /wʊf/ /wʊlf/ /wʌlf/ [wɫ̩f] [wʊwf] [wʊ̠ɫf] v
pochłonąć pożreć
to devour

wolf cub /ˈwʊlfkʌb/ n
wilczę
young wolf

wolf in sheep's clothing /ˈwʊlf ən ˈʃips ˈkloʊðɪŋ/ /ˈwʊlf ɪn ˈʃiːps ˈkləʊðɪŋ/ n
wilk w owczej skórze wilk w jagnięcej skórze
someone or something harmful or threatening but disguised as something peaceful or pleasant

wolf's ticket n
wilczy bilet

wolfberry n
kolcowój
Lycium
kolcowój pospolity kolcowój szkarłatny
Lycium barbarum or Lycium chinense

wolffish /ˈwʊlfˌfɪʃ/ n
zębacz
fish

wolfish /ˈwʊlfiʃ/ /ˈwʊlviʃ/ adj
wilczy
having the characteristics or habits of a wolf

wolfpack /ˈwʊlfpæk/ n
wataha
group of wild wolves

wollastonite n
wollastonit
grey inosilicate mineral

wolverine /ˈwɒlvəˌɹiːn/ /ˈwʊlvəˌɹiːn/ /ˌwʊlvəˈɹiːn/ n
rosomak
Gulo gulo

woman /ˈwoʊ.mən/ /ˈwʊm.ɘn/ /ˈwʊm.ən/ [ˈwo.mɪn] n
kobieta baba babka kobiecina żona
adult female person

woman of easy virtue n
kobieta lekkich obyczajów

womanizer /ˈwʊm.əˌnaɪ.zəɹ/ n
kobieciarz babiarz bawidamek podrywacz tulipan
habitual seducer of women

womanly /ˈwʊmənli/ adj
żeński babi kobiecy
having the characteristics of a woman

womb /wuːm/ n
macica
uterus
łono
figuratively: place where something is made or formed

wombat /ˈwɑmˌbæt/ /ˈwɒm.bæt/ n
wombat
marsupial

women and children first phraseologicalUnit
kobiety i dzieci przodem najpierw kobiety i dzieci
exhortation

women's rights n
prawa kobiet

won /wɑn/ /wɒn/ n
won
currency of Korea

wonder /ˈwʌndə/ /ˈwʌndɚ/ n
cud dziw
something that causes amazement or awe, a marvel
dziw dziwo
something astonishing and seemingly inexplicable
zdumienie
sense of awe or astonishment

wonder /ˈwʌndə/ /ˈwʌndɚ/ v
nadziwić się zdumiewać się zdumieć się
to be affected with surprise
zastanawiać się
to ponder about something

wonderful /ˈwʌn.də.fl̩/ /ˈwʌn.dɚ.fl̩/ adj
cudowny zadziwiający zdumiewający
excellent, extremely impressive

wonton /ˈwɑntɑn/ /ˈwɒntɒn/ n
wonton
Chinese dumpling

woo /wuː/ v
umizgiwać się zalecać się
to endeavor to gain someone's affection

wood /wʊd/ n
drewno
substance
drewno na opał drewno opałowe
firewood
drewno drzewo
wood from a particular species
las bór knieja
woodland

wood anemone n
zawilec gajowy
Anemone nemorosa

wood apple n
feronia słoniowa
Limonia acidissima

wood cudweed n
szarota leśna
Gnaphalium sylvaticum

wood mouse n
mysz zaroślowa
European rodent

wood pigeon n
grzywacz
Columba palumbus

wood sandpiper n
łęczak brodziec leśny
Tringa stagnatilis

wood sorrel /ˈwʊdˌsɒɹəl/ n
szczawik
plant of the genus Oxalis
szczawik zajęczy
Oxalis acetosella

wood warbler n
świstunka leśna
Phylloscopus sibilatrix

woodcarver n
snycerz
a person who is skilled at woodcarving

woodchat shrike n
dzierzba rudogłowa rudogłówka
Lanius senator

woodchip n
zrębek
chip of wood

woodchipper n
rębak
woodchip making machine

woodchuck /ˈwʊd.t͡ʃʌk/ n
świstak amerykański świszcz
rodent of the family Sciuridae

woodcock /ˈwʊd.kɒk/ n
słonka
wading bird in the genus Scolopax

woodcut n
drzeworyt
print
drzeworytnictwo
method of printmaking

woodcutter n
drwal
person who cuts wood
drzeworytnik
person who makes woodcuts

wooden /ˈwʊdən/ adj
drewniany
made of wood

wooden anniversary n
drewniane gody
5th anniversary

wooden spoon /ˈwʊdən spuːn/ n
kopyść drewniana łyżka
spoon made from wood

wooden spooner n
ariergarda

woodlark n
lerka
Lullula arborea

woodlouse /ˈwʊd.ˌlaʊs/ n
stonoga
any species of suborder Oniscidea

woodpecker /ˈwʊdpɛkə/ /ˈwʊdˌpɛkɚ/ n
dzięcioł
bird in Picinae

woodshed n
drewutnia drwalka drwalnia
enclosed structure for storing firewood

woodwind instrument n
instrument dęty drewniany

woody /ˈwʊdi/ adj
drzewiasty
non-herbaceous
lesisty
covered in woods

wooer /ˈwu.ɚ/ /ˈwuː.ə/ n
absztyfikant zalotnik
someone who woos or courts

woof /wuf/ /wuːf/ /wʊf/ n
wątek
set of yarns carried by the shuttle of a loom which are placed crosswise at right angles to and interlaced with the warp
hau
sound a dog makes when barking

wool /wʊl/ [wəl] [wɫ̩] [wʊ̠ɫ] n
wełna
hair of sheep, etc.
wełna przędza
cloth or yarn

woolly /ˈwʊli/ adj
wełniany
made of wool

woolly aphid n
bawełnica korówka korówka wełnista

woolly mammoth n
mamut włochaty
Mammuthus primigenius

woolly rhinoceros n
nosorożec włochaty

woozy /ˈwuːzi/ adj
przymulony trąchnięty wstawiony
intoxicated by drugs or alcohol

wop /wɒp/ n
makaroniarz
person of Italian descent

word /wɜːd/ /wɝd/ n
Słowo Boże słowo
the word of God
słowo
promise
telegraphy: unit of text
słowo wyraz
unit of language
computing: fixed-size group of bits handled as a unit

word formation n
słowotwórstwo
formation of new words

word of honor n
słowo honoru
a promise, or a pledge of one's good faith

word of mouth n
poczta pantoflowa wici
verbal means of passing of information

word order n
kolejność słów szyk wyrazów w zdaniu szyk zdania
order of syntactic constituents

word processor /wɜːd ˈpɹəʊˌsɛsə(ɹ)/ /wɝd ˈpɹɑˌsɛsɚ/ n
edytor tekstu edytor tekstowy
software

word search n
wykreślanka
a word game

word to the wise adv
słowo mądrości
idiomatic

word-for-word adj
dosłowny
Using exactly the same words as were originally used

word-formational adj
słowotwórczy
of or pertaining to word formation

wording n
brzmienie sformułowanie
choice of words

wordless adj
bezsłowny bezwyrazowy
unspoken

wordlessly adv
bezsłownie

wordplay n
gra słów

words fail someone /ˈwɜːdz feɪl ˈsʌmwʌn/ /ˈwɝdz feɪl ˈsʌmˌwʌn/ v
ręce opadają ręce opadły
to be incapable of describing something with words

wordsmith /ˈwɜːdsmɪθ/ /ˈwɝdˌsmɪθ/ n
krasomówca krasomówczyni retor
one who uses words skillfully

wordy /ˈwɝdi/ adj
przegadany
using an excessive number of words

work /wøːk/ /wɜɪ̯k/ /wɜː(ɹ)k/ /wɜːk/ /wɝk/ /wɵːk/ [wœːk] [wɔːk] [wɚk] [wɛːk] [wɜːk] [wʊːɹk] n
dzieło praca utwór
literary, artistic, or intellectual production
praca
physics: measure of energy expended in moving an object
effort expended on a particular task
place where one is employed
thermodynamics: energy in transit between one form or repository and another
praca robota
labour, employment, occupation, job

work /wøːk/ /wɜɪ̯k/ /wɜː(ɹ)k/ /wɜːk/ /wɝk/ /wɵːk/ [wœːk] [wɔːk] [wɚk] [wɛːk] [wɜːk] [wʊːɹk] v
działać
to function correctly; to act as intended; to achieve the goal designed for
obrabiać
to shape, form, or improve a material
pracować
to do a specific task
to cause to ferment
przedzierać się
to effect by gradual degrees (transitive)
wprowadzić
to set into action
wyszywać
to embroider with thread
zużuwać
to exhaust

work experience n
doświadczenie zawodowe
professional experience

work of art n
dzieło sztuki
product of the fine arts

work one's fingers to the bone v
harować jak wół

work out /ˌwəːk ˈaʊt/ /ˌwɚk ˈaʊt/ v
obliczać obliczyć
to calculate
ćwiczyć
to exercise

work-to-rule n
strajk włoski
labor protest in which the minimum work is carried out

workable adj
efektywny sprawny
capable of functioning

workaholic n
pracoholiczka pracoholik
person

workaholism n
pracoholizm
urge of a person to work excessively

workaround /ˈwɜːk.əɹaʊnd/ n
obejście
(computing) a procedure or a temporary fix
(project management) an impromptu and temporary response
a temporary means of overcoming some obstacle

workbench /ˈwɝk.bɛnt͡ʃ/ n
warsztat stół stół warsztatowy
sturdy table

workbook n
zeszyt ćwiczeń ćwiczeniówka
book used by a student

worker /ˈwɜː.kə/ /ˈwɝ.kɚ/ n
robotnica
insect
robotnik robotnica
person who performs labor

worker bee n
robotnica
sterile bee

workers of the world, unite phraseologicalUnit
proletariusze wszystkich krajów, łączcie się
workers of the world, unite

workers' party n
partia robotnicza
political party

workforce /ˈwɜːk.foəs/ /ˈwɜːk.fɔːs/ /ˈwɝk.fo(ː)ɹs/ /ˈwɝk.foɹs/ [ˈwɚk.fo̞ɹs] n
siła robocza
workers employed by an organization

working /ˈwɜːkɪŋ/ /ˈwɝkɪŋ/ adj
roboczy
of or relating to employment
suffices but requires additional work

working capital n
kapitał obrotowy kapitał pracujący
current assets minus current liabilities

working class n
klasa robotnicza klasa pracująca
social class doing physical work

working conditions n
warunki pracy
environment in which one works

working day n
dzień roboczy
day of a week in which work is done

working family n
rodzina w klasie pracującej
family in the working class

working hypothesis n
hipoteza robocza
hypothesis that is unverified yet tentatively chosen

working language n
język roboczy
language with an official status in an international organization

working life n
życie zawodowe
period spent in employment

working memory n
pamięć robocza
cognitive system with a limited capacity

worklist n
lista zadań

workload n
nakład pracy
The amount of work assigned to a particular worker, normally in a specified time period

workloom n
narzędzie
tool or implement

workmanship /ˈwɜːk.mən.ʃɪp/ n
fachowa robota
the quality of something made by an artisan or craftsman
fachowość
the skill of an artisan or craftsman

workout /ˈwɜːk.aʊ̯t/ /ˈwɝk.aʊ̯t/ n
trening
an exercise session; a period of physical exercise
schedule or program of exercises, especially with a goal

workplace n
miejsce pracy
place where someone works

works council n
rada zakładowa
organization

workshop /ˈwɜːk.ʃɒp/ /ˈwɜːk.ʃɔp/ /ˈwɝk.ʃɑp/ n
warsztat
small manufacturing room
warsztaty
intensive course of education
warsztaty akademickie
academic conference

workshy adj
nierobotny
disinclined to work

workstation n
stacja robocza
powerful desktop computer

worktop n
blat
kitchen work surface

workweek n
tydzień pracowniczy
range of days of the week

world /wɜɹld/ /wɜːld/ /wɵːld/ [wɵːɯ̯d̥] n
uniwersum wszechświat świat
the universe
świat
human collective existence
the Earth
inhabited planet
individual or group perspective or social setting

world capital n
światowa stolica

world of difference n
ogromna różnica

world order n
porządek światowy
structure that manages the world's stability

world power n
potęga światowa
nation which influences world affairs

world war n
wojna światowa
a war involving the major nations of the world

world's oldest profession n
najstarszy zawód świata
euphemism for prostitution

world-weariness n
Weltschmerz weltszmerc
characteristic of being world-weary

worldly /ˈwɜː(ɹ)ldli/ adj
laicki świecki
concerned with the secular rather than sacred
światowy
versed in the ways of the world

worldly-wise adj
wyrobiony
experienced in the ways of the world

worldview n
światopogląd
personal view of the world
totality of one's beliefs about reality

worldwide /ˈwɜːldwaɪd/ /ˈwɝldˌwaɪd/ /ˌwɜːldˈwaɪd/ /ˌwɝldˈwaɪd/ adj
światowy
spanning the world

worldwide /ˈwɜːldwaɪd/ /ˈwɝldˌwaɪd/ /ˌwɜːldˈwaɪd/ /ˌwɝldˈwaɪd/ adv
na całym świecie
throughout the world

worm /wɜːm/ /wɝm/ n
robak
self-replicating program
robak czerw
animal
smok
dragon or mythological serpent

worm gear n
ślimacznica

wormhole n
tunel czasoprzestrzenny
a shortcut between distant parts of space

wormwood /ˈwə(ɹ)m.wʊd/ /ˈwɚm.wʊd/ n
piołun
Artemisia absinthium

worn out adj
padnię wymęczony zmęczony
exhausted from exertion
zniszczony zużyty
damaged and useless due to hard or continued use

worry /ˈwɒɹi/ /ˈwəʊɹi/ /ˈwɝi/ /ˈwʌɹi/ n
zmartwienie
strong feeling of anxiety

worry /ˈwɒɹi/ /ˈwəʊɹi/ /ˈwɝi/ /ˈwʌɹi/ v
martwić się
to be troubled
niepokoić
to disturb the peace of mind of

worrying /ˈwɝijˌɪŋ/ /ˈwʌɹijˌɪŋ/ adj
niepokojący
inducing worry

worrywart /ˈwɚ.iˌwoɹt/ /ˈwʌɹ.iˌwoɹt/ /ˈwʌɹ.iˌwɔːt/ /ˈwʌɹ.ɪˌwɔːt/ n
kłębek nerwów
person who worries excessively

worse /wɜːs/ /wɝs/ [wəɪs] adj
gorszy
comparative form of bad

worse /wɜːs/ /wɝs/ [wəɪs] adv
gorzej
comparative of badly

worse for wear adj
zmęczony życiem
drunk

worse things happen at sea proverb
mogłoby być gorzej

worsen /ˈwɜːsn̩/ /ˈwɝsn̩/ v
pogarszać pogorszyć
transitive: make worse

worsening n
pogorszenie
worse situation

worship /ˈwɔɹʃɪp/ /ˈwɜːʃɪp/ /ˈwɝʃɪp/ n
adoracja uwielbienie
the religious ceremonies that express this devotion
kult
devotion accorded to a deity or to a sacred object

worship /ˈwɔɹʃɪp/ /ˈwɜːʃɪp/ /ˈwɝʃɪp/ v
czcić
to honor and adore, especially as a deity

worshipper n
czciciel wyznawca
person who worships

worst /wɜːst/ /wɝst/ adj
najgorszy
most inferior

worst /wɜːst/ /wɝst/ adv
najgorzej
in the worst way

worst /wɜːst/ /wɝst/ n
najgorsze
something that is worst

worst comes to worst adv
w najgorszym razie w najgorszym wypadku
if a bad situation develops

worst-case scenario adv
w najgorszym przypadku

worst-case scenario n
najgorszy przypadek
Situation which could not be any worse

worsted /ˈwɝ.stɪd/ /ˈwʊs.tɪd/ n
kamgarn
fine smooth wool fabric
yarn made from wool

wort /woɹt/ /wɜːt/ /wɝt/ n
brzeczka
liquid extracted from mash

worth /wɜːθ/ /wɝθ/ adj
wart
equal in value to
warty zasługujący
deserving of

worth /wɜːθ/ /wɝθ/ n
wartość
value

worth one's salt /-sɑlt/ /ˈwɜːθ wʌnz ˈsɒlt/ /ˈwɝθ wʌnz ˈsɔlt/ adj
wart swojej ceny
adept or competent

worth one's weight in gold adj
na wagę złota
idiomatic: very valuable

worthless /ˈwɜːθləs/ /ˈwɝθləs/ adj
bezwartościowy
not having worth and use; without value

worthlessness n
bezwartościowość
quality of lacking worth

worthy /ˈwɜːði/ /ˈwɝði/ adj
godny
having worth, merit}} or value
zacny
honourable or admirable

would /wuːld/ /wəd/ /wʊd/ /wʊld/ /əd/ v
by
indicating an action or state that is conditional on another

would like v
chcieć
transitive

would you like to go out with me phraseologicalUnit
umówisz się ze mną?
suggestion to date someone

would you mind putting on your seat belt phraseologicalUnit
proszę zapiąć pas
would you mind putting on your seat belt?

would-be /ˈwʊd biː/ adj
aspirujący
attempting or desiring something
niedoszły
unfulfilled or frustrated in realizing an ambition

wound /waʊnd/ /wund/ /wuːnd/ /wyːnd/ n
rana
injury

wound /waʊnd/ /wund/ /wuːnd/ /wyːnd/ v
ranić zranić
hurt or injure
urazić
hurt (someone's feelings)

wounded /ˈwuːndɪd/ adj
ranny
suffering from a wound

woundwort n
czyściec
genus Stachys

wow /waʊ/ [waʊ̯] interjection
o rany wow!
excitement
wow
amazement

wraith /ɹeɪθ/ n
widmo zjawa
A ghost or specter, especially seen just after a person's death

wrangle /ˈɹæŋɡ(ə)l/ /ˈɹæŋɡl̩/ v
kłócić się spierać
to quarrel angrily and noisily

wrap /ɹæp/ /ɹɒp/ n
opakowanie
paper or sheeting wrapped around something
szal
garment
wrap
food

wrap /ɹæp/ /ɹɒp/ v
zawijać zawinąć
to enclose completely in fabric, paper, etc

wrap around one's little finger v
owinąć sobie kogoś wokół palca
to successfully control or influence

wrap up v
dokańczać dokończyć
To finish off a task completely

wrapper /ˈɹæpɚ/ n
opakowanie
something that is wrapped around something else as a cover or protection

wrapping paper n
papier pakowy
paper used for wrapping parcels or presents

wrath /ɹæθ/ /ɹɒθ/ /ɹɔːθ/ /ɹɔθ/ n
gniew złość
great anger; an instance of this

wrathful /ˈɹæθfəl/ /ˈɹɒθfəl/ adj
gniewny
possessed of great wrath

wreak /ɹik/ /ɹiːk/ v
pomścić
to take vengeance
siać wyładować wyładowywać
to cause or inflict causing injury

wreak havoc /ɹiːk ˈhæv.ək/ v
siać spustoszenie
To cause damage, disruption, or destruction

wreath /ɹiːθ/ n
kłąb
something twisted and curled
wianek wieniec
ornamental circular band
zawój
heraldry: support of a crest

wreath /ɹiːθ/ v
wieńczyć
to place a wreath around something

wreck /ˈɹæk/ /ˈɹɛk/ n
wrak
remains

wreck yard n
cmentarzysko
location of dismantling business

wren /ɹɛn/ n
strzyżyk
bird of family Troglodytidae

wrest /ɹɛst/ v
wyrwać wyrywać
to obtain by pulling or violent force

wrestler n
zapaśnik zapaśniczka
person who wrestles

wrestling /ˈɹɛs.lɪŋ/ /ˈɹɛs.l̩.ɪŋ/ n
zapasy wrestling
sport

wretch /ɹɛt͡ʃ/ n
biedak
unhappy, unfortunate, or miserable person

wretched /ˈɹɛt͡ʃəd/ /ˈɹɛt͡ʃɪd/ adj
nędzny
characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable

wring /ɹɪŋ/ v
wyżymać wyżąć
to squeeze or twist (something moist) tightly so that liquid is forced out

wrinkle /ˈɹɪŋkl̩/ n
zmarszczka
line or crease in the skin
furrow in a smooth surface

wrinkle /ˈɹɪŋkl̩/ v
marszczyć się zmarszczyć się
to develop irreversibly wrinkles; to age
marszczyć pomarszczyć zmarszczyć
to make wrinkles in; to cause to have wrinkles

wrist /ɹɪst/ n
nadgarstek
wrist

wrist-slap n
dostawać po łapach dostać po łapach
overly mild punishment

wristband /ˈɹɪs(t)ˌbænd/ n
mankiet
the cuff of a sleeve that wraps around the wrist

wristwatch /ˈɹɪstˌwɑt͡ʃ/ /ˈɹɪstˌwɒt͡ʃ/ /ˈɹɪstˌwɔt͡ʃ/ n
zegarek na rękę
watch worn on the wrist

writ /ɹɪt/ n
nakaz sądowy
a written order
pismo
that which is written

write /ɹaɪt/ v
pisać napisać pisywać
to form letters, etc.

write down v
zapisać zapisywać
to set something down in writing

writer /ˈɹaɪ.tə/ /ˈɹaɪ.təɹ/ [ˈɹ̠aɪtə] [ˈɹ̠ăɪɾɚ] [ˈɹ̠ʌɪɾɚ] n
pisarz pisarka autorka autor
person who writes; an author

writer's block n
blokada pisarska
the temporary inability to write

writhe /ɹaɪð/ v
wić się
to twist or contort the body

writing /ˈɹaɪtɪŋ/ n
napis
something written
pismo
written letters or symbols

writing board /ˈɹaɪtɪŋ bɔː(ɹ)d/ n
tablica do pisania
A smooth vertical surface to be written upon using an erasable material, large enough for several persons to read simultaneously.

writing desk n
biurko
desk

written /ˈɹɪ.tən/ [ɹɪɾn̩] [ɹɪʔn̩] [ɹɪʔt̚n̩] adj
napisany pisany
of, relating or characteristic of writing

written all over someone's face phraseologicalUnit
wypisany na czole
very obvious, from someone's facial expression

wrong /ˈɹɑŋ/ /ˈɹɒŋ/ /ˈɹɔŋ/ adj
błędny mylny nieprawidłowy zły
incorrect
nieodpowiedni niewłaściwy
improper

wrong crowd n
złe towarzystwo
group of people thought to have a negative influence

wrong number n
pomyłka
A call with a mistake in the number dialled

wrongdoer n
złoczyńca
someone who does wrong

wrongly /ˈɹɑŋ.li/ /ˈɹɒŋ.li/ /ˈɹɔŋ.li/ adv
błędnie
incorrectly; by error

wroth /ɹɑθ/ /ɹɒθ/ /ɹɔθ/ /ɹəʊθ/ adj
gniewny
full of anger

wrought iron n
kute żelazo
form of iron that is not cast

wudu /ˈwuːduː/ /ˈwʊduː/ n
abdest
ritual washing after minor impurity

wunderkind /ˈvʊn.də.kɪnd/ /ˈvʊn.dɚ.kɪnd/ /ˈvʊn.dɚ.kɪnt/ /ˈwʊn.də.kɪnd/ /ˈwʊn.dɚ.kɪnd/ /ˈwʌn.dɚ.kɪnd/ n
dziecko szczęścia
highly talented individual who is successful at a young age

wuss /wʊs/ n
cienias mięczak
weak, ineffectual person

wye /ˈwaɪ/ n
igrek
name of the letter Y, y

wyvern /ˈwaɪvə(ɹ)n/ /ˈwiːvə(ɹ)n/ /ˈwɪvə(ɹ)n/ n
wiwern wiwerna wywerna
mythical dragon-like creature

x-axis n
oś odciętych oś x
axis drawn from left to right

xanthous /ˈzæn.θəs/ adj
żółtobrązowy
yellow-brown

xebec /zɪˈbɛk/ /ˈzibɛk/ /ˈziːbɛk/ n
szebeka
transport ship

xenarthran /zəˈnɑɹθɹən/ n
szczerbak
mammal

xenial /ˈziːnjəl/ /ˈziːnɪəl/ adj
gościnny
hospitable

xenobotany n
astrobotanika

xenocide /ˈziːnəsaɪd/ /ˈzɛnəsaɪd/ n
ksenocyd
genocide of entire alien species

xenoheart n
serce od dawcy narządu

xenokidney n
nerka od dawcy narządu

xenoliver n
wątroba od dawcy narządu

xenon /zenɔn/ /zinən/ /zɪinɔn/ /ˈzinɑn/ /ˈziːnɒn/ n
ksenon
chemical element

xenophobe /ˈzi.nə.foʊb/ /ˈzɛ.nə.foʊb/ /ˈzɛ.nə.fəʊb/ n
ksenofob ksenofobka
one who fears or hates strangers or foreigners

xenophobia /ˌziː.nəˈfoʊ.bi.ə/ /ˌzɛn.əˈfoʊ.bi.ə/ /ˌzɛn.əˈfəʊ.bɪ.ə/ n
ksenofobia
a pathological fear or hatred of strangers or foreigners

xenophobic adj
ksenofobiczny
exhibiting or characterised by xenophobia

xero- prefix
ksero-
dryness

xeromorphic /zɪəɹəˈmɔɹfɪk/ adj
kseromorficzny
biology: of, relating to, or characteristic of the xerophytes, especially having the ability to store water in leaves and stems

xerox /ˈseɾoks/ /ˈziː(ə)ɹ.ɑks/ /ˈzɛ.ɹɒks/ v
kserować skserować
to make photocopies

xerox copy n
ksero kserokopia fotokopia
photocopy

xi /ksaɪ/ /ksiː/ /saɪ/ /zaɪ/ /ʃiː/ n
ksi
Greek letter

xiphoid process /ˈzɪˌfɔɪd ˈpɹɑˌsɛs/ n
wyrostek mieczykowaty
cartilaginous extension to the sternum

xoanon /ˈzoʊ.ə.nɑn/ /ˈzəʊ.ə.nɒn/ n
ksoanon
wooden statue used as a cult image in Ancient Greece

xor /ɛksˈo(ɹ)/ /ˈkso(ɹ)/ /ˈkszo(ɹ)/ /ˈzo(ɹ)/ n
albo
exclusive OR

xylem /ˈzaɪ.ləm/ n
drewno ksylem
botany: vascular tissue in land plants

xylitol n
ksylitol
an alcohol

xylographer n
drzeworytnik drzeworytniczka
person

xylophone /ˈzaɪ.lə.ˌfəʊn/ /ˈzaɪləˌfoʊn/ n
ksylofon
musical instrument

xylophonist n
ksylofonista ksylofonistka
xylophone player

xylose n
ksyloza
wood sugar

y-axis n
oś rzędnych oś y
axis on a graph that is usually drawn from bottom to top

yacht /jɑt/ /jɑːt/ /jɒt/ n
jacht
slick and light ship
any private noncommercial vessel

yacht club n
jachtklub klub żeglarski [[yacht-club]]
yacht club

yachtswoman n
żeglarka
woman who sails a yacht

yak /jæk/ n
jak
ox-like mammal

yak /jæk/ v
bajczyć
talk informally, persistently

yakuza /jəˈkuːzə/ /ˈjakuza/ n
jakuza yakuza
Japanese organized crime gang
member of a Japanese organized crime gang

yam /jæm/ n
pochrzyn
any Dioscorea vine

yapok /ˈjæpɒk/ n
japok
Chironectes minimus

yaranga n
jaranga
tent-like traditional mobile home

yard /jɑɹd/ /jɑːd/ n
podwórze podwórko
land around a house
jard
three feet
reja
nautical: tapered timber from which square sails hang

yardstick /ˈjɑɹdˌstɪk/ /ˈjɑːdˌstɪk/ n
calówka
measuring rod thirty-six inches long

yarligh /jɑɹˈliɡ/ n
jarłyk
khan's decree

yarmulke /ˈjɑ(ɹ)mə(l)kə/ /ˈjɑːməlkə/ n
jarmułka
skullcap worn by religious Jewish males

yarn /jɑɹn/ /jɑːn/ n
opowieść
story
przędza włóczka
fiber strand for knitting or weaving
skrętka
nautical

yarrow /ˈjæɹəʊ/ /ˈjɛɹoʊ/ n
krwawnik
herb of the genus Achillea

yashmak n
czarczaf jaszmak kwef nikab
a veil worn by Muslim women

yat n
jać
an obsolete letter of the Cyrillic alphabet "Ѣ/ѣ"

yataghan /ˈjætəɡæn/ n
jatagan
type of sword

yaw /jɔː/ n
obrót odchylenie
The rotation of an aircraft, ship, or missile about its vertical axis so as to cause the longitudinal axis of the aircraft, ship, or missile to deviate from the flight line or heading in its horizontal plane

yawn /joːn/ /jɑn/ /jɔn/ /jɔːn/ n
ziewanie
the action of yawning

yawn /joːn/ /jɑn/ /jɔn/ /jɔːn/ v
ziewać ziewnąć
open the mouth and take a deep breath

yaws /ˈjɔːz/ n
frambezja jagodzica malinica
a contagious tropical disease caused by the spirochete Treponema pertenue

yeah /ˈjæ.(ə)/ /ˈjɛ(ə)/ particle
tak no aha ta
yes

yeah, right /jæ ɹaɪt/ /jɛə̯ ɹaɪt/ [jæə̯˥˧ (.) ɹaɪt˥˧] [jæə̯˥˨ ɹaɪt˥˩] [jɛə̯˥˧ (.) ɹaɪt˥˧] [jɛə̯˥˨ ɹaɪt˥˩] interjection
akurat akuratnie no na bank ta jasne tak jasne
sarcasm to express disbelief

yeanling n
jagnię owieczka
the newly born offspring of a goat or sheep

year /jøː/ /jɜː/ /jɪə/ /jɪɹ/ n
rok lata
time it takes for the Earth to complete one revolution around the Sun
a period between set dates that mark a year
time it takes for any planetary body to make one revolution around another body
a scheduled part of a calendar year spent in a specific activity
a level or grade at school or college
a Julian year

year of our Lord n
rok pański
anno Domini

year-end adj
końcoworoczny
on the end of the year

year-over-year adj
rok do roku
compared with the same period in the previous year

yearbook n
rocznik
reference book, published annually

yearling n
roczniak
one-year-old animal

yearly /ˈjɪəli/ /ˈjɪəɹli/ /ˈjɪɹli/ adj
roczny coroczny doroczny
happening once every year

yearly /ˈjɪəli/ /ˈjɪəɹli/ /ˈjɪɹli/ adv
corocznie rocznie
once a year

yearly /ˈjɪəli/ /ˈjɪəɹli/ /ˈjɪɹli/ n
rocznik
something that is published once a year

yearning /ˈjɜːnɪŋ/ /ˈjɝnɪŋ/ n
tęsknota
wistful or melancholy longing

yeasayer /ˈjeɪ.ˌseɪ.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈjeɪ.ˌseɪ.ɚ/ n
klakier leming przytakiwacz
who habitually agrees uncritically

yeast /iːst/ /jist/ /jiːst/ n
drożdże
fungus
cake or dried granules used to make bread dough rise
froth used in medicine, baking and brewing

yeastless adj
bezdrożdżowy
without yeast

yegg /jɛɡ/ n
kasiarz
a person who breaks open safes; a burglar

yellow /ˈjælə/ /ˈjɑlə/ /ˈjɛl.oʊ/ /ˈjɛl.əʊ/ /ˈjɛl.ɚ/ /ˈjɛlə/ /ˈjɪlə/ /ˈjʌlə/ adj
tchórzliwy
lacking courage
żółty
having yellow as its colour

yellow /ˈjælə/ /ˈjɑlə/ /ˈjɛl.oʊ/ /ˈjɛl.əʊ/ /ˈjɛl.ɚ/ /ˈjɛlə/ /ˈjɪlə/ /ˈjʌlə/ n
żółty żółć
colour

yellow /ˈjælə/ /ˈjɑlə/ /ˈjɛl.oʊ/ /ˈjɛl.əʊ/ /ˈjɛl.ɚ/ /ˈjɛlə/ /ˈjɪlə/ /ˈjʌlə/ v
żółcić
to cause to become yellow or more yellow
żółknąć żółcić
to become yellow or more yellow

yellow badge n
żółta gwiazda
cloth patch that Jews were ordered to sew on their outer garments to mark them as Jews in public

yellow bile n
żółta żółć

yellow card /ˈjɛl.oʊ ˌkɑrd/ /ˈjɛl.əʊ ˌkɑːd/ n
żółta kartka
card in sports

yellow fever n
żółta febra
illness

yellow jersey /ˌjɛloʊ ˈdʒɝzi/ /ˌjɛləʊ ˈdʒɜːzi/ n
żółta koszulka
yellow jersey or shirt worn by the leader of a stage of a cycling race, which is then awarded to the cyclist who wins the race with the fastest overall time

yellow pages n
żółte strony
telephone directory that lists commercial organisations

yellow tea n
żółta herbata
Chinese drink

yellow tit n
sikora zóltogardla
Machlolophus holsti

yellow union n
żółty związek zawodowy
trade union

yellow-bellied adj
żółtobrzuchy
of an animal or reptile having a yellow underside or belly

yellow-bellied tit n
sikora żółtobrzucha
Pardaliparus venustulus

yellow-billed loon n
nur białodzioby
Gavia adamsii

yellow-breasted bunting n
trznadel złocisty trznadel złotawy
Emberiza aureola

yellow-browed bunting n
trznadel złotobrewy
Emberiza chrysophrys

yellow-browed warbler n
świstunka żółtawa
Phylloscopus inornatus

yellow-green adj
żółtozielony
colour

yellow-headed blackbird n
żółtogłowiec
Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus

yellow-legged gull n
mewa romańska
Larus michahellis

yellowhammer n
trznadel
a passerine bird, Emberiza citrinella

yellowish /ˈjɛlɔʊɪʃ/ /ˈjɛləʊɪʃ/ adj
żółtawy
somewhat yellow

yelp /jɛlp/ n
pisk zaskomlenie zawycie
an abrupt, high-pitched noise or utterance

yelp /jɛlp/ v
piszczeć skomleć wyć zapiszczeć zaskomleć zawyć
to utter an abrupt, high-pitched noise

yen /jɛn/ n
jen
unit of Japanese currency
coin or note of one yen

yeoman's service n
harówka krwawica mozół znój
arduous work performed in a committed manner

yep /jɛp/ [jɛp̚] [jɛʔ] n
no ta
informal "yes"

yerba mate n
yerba mate

yes /jɛs/ interjection
tak
expression of pleasure, joy or great excitement

yes /jɛs/ particle
owszem ależ tak
word used to indicate disagreement or dissent in reply to a negative statement
tak no ano ja jo juści
word used to indicate agreement or acceptance

yes and no phraseologicalUnit
i tak, i nie tak i nie
indicating there is no simple "yes" or "no" answer

yes man n
potakiwacz
a person who always agrees with his employer or superior

yeshiva /jəˈʃiː.və/ n
jesziba jesziwa jeszybot
academy for the advanced study of Jewish texts

yesterday /ˈjɛstədeɪ/ /ˈjɛstədɪ/ /ˈjɛstɚdeɪ/ /ˈjɛstɚdi/ /ˈjɪstɚdeɪ/ /ˈjɪstɚdi/ adv
na wczoraj
as soon as possible
wczoraj
on the day before today

yesterday /ˈjɛstədeɪ/ /ˈjɛstədɪ/ /ˈjɛstɚdeɪ/ /ˈjɛstɚdi/ /ˈjɪstɚdeɪ/ /ˈjɪstɚdi/ n
wczoraj
day before today

yesterday's adj
wczorajszy

yet /jɛt/ adv
jeszcze
thus far
in addition
not as of the time referenced

yet /jɛt/ conjunction
jednak jak jakże jakżem lecz
nevertheless; however

yeti /ˈjɛ.ti/ [ˈjɛ.ɾi] n
yeti
unidentified animal

yew /juː/ /jɪʊ̯/ adj
cisowy
made from the wood of the yew tree

yew /juː/ /jɪʊ̯/ n
cis
Taxus baccata
tree or shrub of the genus Taxus
wood of the yew

yield /jiːld/ n
plon produkcja wydajność
quantity of something produced

yield /jiːld/ v
dawać
to produce as a result
ustępować ustąpić
to give way

yielding /ˈjiːldɪŋ/ adj
ustępliwy
docile

ylide /ˈɪlaɪd/ /ˈɪlɪd/ n
ylid
type of organic compound

yo-yo /ˈjoʊ.joʊ/ /ˈjəʊ.jəʊ/ n
jo-jo jojo
toy

yodel /ˈjoʊ.dəl/ /ˈjəʊ.dəl/ n
jodłowanie
song

yodel /ˈjoʊ.dəl/ /ˈjəʊ.dəl/ v
jodłować
to sing in such a way that the voice fluctuates rapidly between the normal chest voice and falsetto

yodh /jɒd/ /jəʊd/ n
jod
Semitic letter

yoga /ˈjoʊ.ɡə/ n
joga
Hindu discipline

yoga bag n
worek na matę do jo

yoga mat n
mata do jogi

yogi /ˈjoʊɡi/ /ˈjəʊɡi/ n
jogin joginka
yoga practitioner

yogism n
jogizm
the practice of yoga

yogurt /ˈjoʊ.ɡɚt/ /ˈjɒ.ɡət/ /ˈjəʉ.ɡət/ n
jogurt
a milk-based product thickened by a bacterium-aided curdling process

yoke /joʊk/ /jəʊk/ n
jarzmo
bar or frame by which two oxen or other draught animals are joined at their necks enabling them to pull a cart, plough, etc.; device attached to a single draught animal for the same purpose
something which represses or restrains a person

yokel /ˈjoʊ.kəl/ /ˈjəʊ.kəl/ n
gbur kindybał ordynus prostaczka prostak
a person from or living in the countryside, viewed as being unsophisticated and/or naive

yolk /joʊ(l)k/ /jɔlk/ /jəʊk/ n
żółtko
yellow of egg

yoni /ˈjəʊni/ n
joni

yottabyte /ˈjɒtəbaɪt/ n
jottabajt
280 or 1024 bytes

you /d/ /dʒ/ /j/ /ju/ /jʉː/ /s/ /t/ /tʃ/ /z/ /ʃ/ /ʒ/ determiner
wy ty
the individual or group spoken/written to
used before epithets for emphasis

you /d/ /dʒ/ /j/ /ju/ /jʉː/ /s/ /t/ /tʃ/ /z/ /ʃ/ /ʒ/ pronoun
ciebie cię Pan Pani
object pronoun: the person being addressed
ty Pan Pani Państwo
subject pronoun: the person being addressed
was Państwa
object pronoun: the group being addressed
wy państwo
subject pronoun: the group being addressed

you are what you eat proverb
jesteś tym, co jesz
proverb

you can lead a horse to water, but you can't make it drink proverb
możesz konia doprowadzić do wodopoju, lecz pić za niego się nie da
you can show someone how to do something, but you can't make them do it

you can say that again phraseologicalUnit
bez kitu
that is very true

you can't judge a book by its cover proverb
nie oceniaj książki po okładce
it is not possible to judge things by external appearances alone

you can't make a silk purse of a sow's ear proverb
i w Paryżu nie zrobią z owsa ryżu
it is not possible to produce something refined from something which is unrefined

you can't teach an old dog new tricks proverb
przyzwyczajenie jest drugą naturą człowieka
too old to change

you can't win them all proverb
raz na wozie, raz pod wozem
it is impossible to always succeed

you don't get something for nothing proverb
coś za coś
everything has a price

you don't say interjection
co ty nie powiesz nie gadaj
really? ; no kidding! ; Is that so?

you have beautiful eyes phraseologicalUnit
masz piękne oczy
you have beautiful eyes

you know /ju noʊ/ /juː nəʊ/ interjection
cóż nie no rozumie pan rozumiesz widzi pan
expression signifying a pause or hesitation

you know what phraseologicalUnit
wiecie co wiesz co
used to get attention

you never know phraseologicalUnit
nigdy nie wiadomo
phrase used to speculate about a slim chance

you never miss the water till the well runs dry proverb
brać za pewnik wziąć za pewnik
take things for granted

you only go around once proverb
żyje się tylko raz
a person has only one lifetime

you scratch my back and I'll scratch yours proverb
przysługa za przysługę ręka rękę myje
if you do me a favor then I will do you a favor

you wish phraseologicalUnit
chciałabyś! chciałbyś! chciałybyście! chcielibyście
(idiomatic, colloquial) used to express the speaker's skepticism about a preceding statement concerning some desired or assumed state of affairs

you're never too old to learn proverb
człowiek uczy się całe życie
proverb

you're on phraseologicalUnit
wchodzę
the symbol &"I accept your challenge"

you're right phraseologicalUnit
ma pan macie rację masz rację pani rację
you're right

you're welcome phraseologicalUnit
nie ma za co proszę proszę bardzo spoczko spoko sponio
reply to thanks

you've got to crack a few eggs to make an omelette proverb
gdzie drwa rąbią, tam wióry lecą nie można mieć ciastka i zjeść ciastko
phrase

you-know-who pronoun
wiesz kto wiesz o kim mówię
known and unmentioned person

young /jʌŋ/ adj
młody
in the early part of life or growth
as if young
having little experience
młodzieńczy młody
belonging in the early part of life

young /jʌŋ/ n
młode
offspring

young at heart adj
młody duchem
having joy and vitality associated with younger people

young man n
młody człowieku
term of address

younger /ˈjʌŋɚ/ /ˈjʌŋɡə/ adj
młodszy
in an earlier period of life

youngest /ˈjʌŋ.ɡəst/ /ˈjʌŋ.ɡɪst/ adj
najmłodszy
superlative form of young

youngest /ˈjʌŋ.ɡəst/ /ˈjʌŋ.ɡɪst/ n
beniaminek
youngest child in a family

youngster /ˈjʌŋstə/ /ˈjʌŋstɚ/ n
młodzieniec młodzik
a young person

your /jo(ː)ɹ/ /joə/ /joʊ/ /jɔɹ/ /jɔː/ /jə/ /jɚ/ /jɝ/ /jʊə/ /jʊɚ/ determiner
twój pana pani pański
belonging to you (singular; one owner)
wasz państwa
belonging to you (plural; more owners)

your guess is as good as mine phraseologicalUnit
na dwoje babka wróżyła

your mileage may vary /jə ˈmaɪlədʒ meɪ ˈvɛəɹi/ /jɚ ˈmaɪlədʒ meɪ ˈvɛəɹi/ phraseologicalUnit
to tylko moje zdanie
this is just my opinion

your mom interjection
twoja stara
a general-purpose insult

your mother interjection
twoja stara
insult

your wish is my command phraseologicalUnit
twoje życzenie jest dla mnie rozkazem
what you wish for I will effect as if it were a command

yours faithfully adj
z poważaniem
polite, formulaic end to letters

yours sincerely adj
z poważaniem
polite formulaic end to letters

yours truly phraseologicalUnit
z poważaniem
closing in a note or letter

yourself /jɔɹˈsɛlf/ /jɔːˈsɛlf/ /jəˈsɛlf/ /jɚˈsɛlf/ /jʊəˈsɛlf/ /jʊɹˈsɛlf/ pronoun
sam sama
you, used emphatically
się siebie
(reflexive) your own self

youth /juːθ/ /juθ/ n
młodość młodzież
part of life following childhood
quality or state of being young
młody człowiek młodzieniec
young person
młodzieniec chłopak
young man
młodzież
young persons, collectively

youth hostel n
schronisko młodzieżowe
an inexpensive supervised lodging place, primarily for young people

ytterbium /jəˈtɚ.bi.əm/ /jɪˈtɚ.bi.əm/ /ɪˈtɚ.bi.əm/ /ɪˈtɜː.bi.əm/ /ˈjə.tɚ.bi.əm/ /ˈjɪ.tɚ.bi.əm/ n
iterb
chemical element

yttrium /ˈjə.tɹi.əm/ /ˈjɪ.tɹi.əm/ /ˈɪ.tɹi.əm/ n
itr
chemical element

yuan /juˈɑn/ /ˈjuən/ /ˈwæn/ /ˈwɑn/ /ˌjuːˈæn/ n
juan
basic unit of money in China

yucca /ˈjuːkə/ /ˈjʌkə/ n
juka jukka
evergreen plant

yuck /jʌk/ interjection
fuj
uttered to indicate disgust

yucky /ˈjʌki/ /ˈjʌkɪ/ adj
be
causing aversion or disgust

yum /jʌm/ adj
mniam mniam-mniam

yum /jʌm/ interjection
mniam
indicating delight at the flavor of food

yummy /ˈjʌm.i/ adj
pyszny
delicious

yup /jʌp/ [jʌp̚] interjection
no
(informal) yes

yuppie /ˈjʌpi/ /ˈjʌpɪ/ n
japiszon yuppi yuppie
young upwardly mobile urban professional person

yurt /jɜːt/ /jɝːt/ /jʊɹt/ n
jurta
large, round tent with vertical walls and conical roof

yus n
jus
name of the old Cyrillic letter

zaatar /ˈzɑtɑɹ/ /ˈzɑːtɑː/ n
zatar
seasoning

zabaglione /ˌzæbəˈljəʊnɪ/ /ˌzɑbəlˈjoʊni/ n
zabaglione zabaione zabajone
custard-like dessert made with egg yolks, sugar and Marsala wine

zakat /zɑ-/ /zəˈkɑt/ /zəˈkɑːt/ n
zakat
almsgiving in the form of an annual tax on certain types of property, which is used for charitable purposes

zander /ˈzæn.də(ɹ)/ n
sandacz
Sander lucioperca
fish of the genus Sander

zany /ˈzeɪni/ adj
śmieszny
ludicrously or incongruously comical

zapadnichestvo n
okcydentaliz zapadnictwo zapadniczestwo
19th century ideology

zawiya /ˈzɑːwɪə/ n
zawija
Muslim religious school or community

zeal /zil/ /ziːl/ n
zapał gorliwość
fervour or devotion

zealot /ˈzɛl.ət/ n
fanatyk fanatyczka zelant zelota
zealous person
zelota
member of the Zealot movement in Judea

zealous /ˈzɛl.əs/ adj
zagorzały żarliwy zapamiętały
full of zeal; ardent

zealously /ˈzɛləsli/ adv
entuzjastycznie gorliwie
with zealotry

zebra /ˈziːbɹə/ /ˈzɛbɹə/ n
zebra
African animal

zebra crossing n
zebra
pedestrian crossing featuring broad white stripes

zebra finch n
amadyna zebrowata zeberka zeberka timorska
bird

zedoary /ˈzɛdəʊəɹi/ /ˈzɛdəʊˌɛɹi/ n
cytwar
Curcuma zedoaria

zee /ˈzeɪː/ /ˈziː/ n
zet
name of the letter Z, z

zeitgeist /ˈtsaɪtˌɡaɪst/ /ˈzaɪtˌɡaɪst/ n
Zeitgeist
the spirit of the age

zemlyanka /zɛmliˈɑŋkə/ n
ziemianka
tea glass holder

zemstvo /ˈzɛmstvəʊ/ n
ziemstwo
a Russian districtual or provincial conciliary or elective local-governmental administrative division

zenith /ˈzi.nɪθ/ /ˈzɛn.ɪθ/ n
zenit
astronomy: highest point reached by a celestial body
highest point or state; peak
zenit apogeum
astronomy: point vertically above a position or observer

zephyr /zɛfə(ɹ)/ /zɛfɚ/ n
zefir
light refreshing wind; a gentle breeze

zero /ˈzi(ˌ)ɹoʊ/ /ˈzɪə.ɹaʉ/ /ˈzɪə.ɹəʉ/ /ˈzɪə.ɹəʊ/ /ˈzɪɹ(ˌ)oʊ/ adj
zerowy
linguistics: present at an abstract level but not realized in the data

zero /ˈzi(ˌ)ɹoʊ/ /ˈzɪə.ɹaʉ/ /ˈzɪə.ɹəʉ/ /ˈzɪə.ɹəʊ/ /ˈzɪɹ(ˌ)oʊ/ n
miejsce zerowe zero
value of a function’s independent variables when the value of the function is zero
zero
numeric symbol of zero
point of origin on a scale
digit zero
person of little importance
nothing, or none
identity element of a monoid
zero value of a magnitude

zero /ˈzi(ˌ)ɹoʊ/ /ˈzɪə.ɹaʉ/ /ˈzɪə.ɹəʉ/ /ˈzɪə.ɹəʊ/ /ˈzɪɹ(ˌ)oʊ/ numeral
zero
cardinal number before 1, denoting nothing

zero /ˈzi(ˌ)ɹoʊ/ /ˈzɪə.ɹaʉ/ /ˈzɪə.ɹəʉ/ /ˈzɪə.ɹəʊ/ /ˈzɪɹ(ˌ)oʊ/ v
zerować wyzerować
to set to zero

zero hour n
godzina zero

zero tolerance n
zerowa tolerancja
strict policy of enforcing all the laws or rules

zero-hour contract n
umowa śmieciowa śmieciówka
contract

zeroth /ˈziɹoʊθ/ /ˈzɪəɹəʊθ/ /ˈzɪɹoʊθ/ adj
zerowy
ordinal number corresponding to zero

zest /zɛst/ n
bigiel entuzjazm
enthusiasm

zeta /ˈzeɪtə/ /ˈziː.tə/ n
dzeta
Sixth letter of the modern Greek alphabet (Ζ, ζ)

zettabyte /ˈzɛtəbaɪt/ n
zettabajt
270 or 1021 bytes

zeugma /ˈzjuːɡ.mə/ /ˈzuːɡ.mə/ n
zeugma
using a word to apply to more than one noun

zidovudine /zaɪˈdoʊ.vjəˌdin/ /zɪˈdoʊ.vjəˌdin/ /zɪˈdɒv.jʊ.diːn/ /zɪˈdəʊ.vjʊ.diːn/ n
zydowudyna

ziggurat /ˈzɪɡəˌɹæt/ /ˈzɪɡʊˌɹæt/ n
ziggurat
temple tower of the ancient Mesopotamian valley

zigzag /ˈzɪɡ.zæɡ/ n
zygzak
line or path

zinc /zɪŋk/ n
cynk
element

zinc /zɪŋk/ v
cynkować

zinc oxide n
tlenek cynku
amorphous solid

zincite n
cynkit
mineral

zip fastener n
suwak zamek błyskawiczny zamek
a fastener used in clothing, bags

zirconia /zɜːˈkəʊ.ni.ə/ /zɝˈkoʊ.ni.ə/ n
cyrkonia
oxide of zirconium

zirconium /zɜːɹˈkoʊniəm/ n
cyrkon
chemical element

zither /ˈzɪ.ðə/ /ˈzɪ.ðɚ/ n
cytra
musical instrument

zitherist n
cytrzysta cytrzystka
Someone who plays the zither

zitting cisticola n
chwastówka chwastówka zwyczajna
Cisticola juncidis

zloty /zlɑti/ /zlɒti/ n
złoty zł złotówka
the currency unit of Poland

zodiac /ˈzoʊ.diˌæk/ /ˈzəʊ.dɪˌæk/ n
zodiak zwierzyniec niebieski
twelve signs in astrology
belt-like region in the sky

zodiac sign n
znak zodiaku
star sign

zodiacal /zoʊˈdaɪ.ə.kəl/ adj
zodiakalny
of or pertaining to the zodiac

zokor /ˈzoʊkɔɹ/ /ˈzəʊkɔː/ n
cokor zokor
an Asiatic burrowing rodent

zombie /ˈzɑmbi/ /ˈzɒmbi/ n
zombi zombiak zombie
the undead

zone /zoʊn/ /zəʊn/ n
strefa
area distinguished on the basis of a particular characteristic etc

zone out v
błądzić myślami
stop paying attention

zonkey n
zebrosioł
offspring of a zebra and a donkey

zoo /zuː/ n
zoo ogród zoologiczny zoolog zwierzyniec
park where live animals are exhibited

zoo- /ˈzoʊ.oʊ/ /ˈzoʊ.ə/ /ˈzəʊ.ə/ /ˈzəʊ.əʊ/ prefix
zoo-
pertaining to animals

zoogeographic adj
zoogeograficzny
pertaining to zoogeography

zoogeography n
zoogeografia
the scientific study of the geographical distribution of animal species

zookeeper /ˈzuːkipɚ/ n
opiekun zwierząt w zoo opiekunka zwierząt w zoo
person employed at a zoo to attend to the animals

zoolatry /zoʊˈɑlətɹi/ /zuˈɑlətɹi/ /zuːˈɒlətɹi/ /zəʊˈɒlətɹi/ n
animalizm zoolatria
worship of animals

zoological /zoʊəˈlɑd͡ʒɪkəl/ /zuəˈlɑd͡ʒɪkəl/ /zəʊəˈlɒd͡ʒɪkəl/ adj
zoologiczny
of, or relating to animals
of, or relating to zoology

zoological garden /ˌzoʊəˈlɑdʒɪkəl ˈɡɑɹdən/ /ˌzuə-/ /ˌzəʊəˈlɒdʒɪkəl ˈɡɑːdən/ n
ogród zoologiczny zoo zoolog zwierzyniec
zoo (stilted or formal)

zoologist /zoʊˈɑləd͡ʒɪst/ /zuˈɑlədʒɪst/ /zuːˈɒlədʒɪst/ /zəʊˈɒləd͡ʒɪst/ n
zoolog
one who studies zoology

zoology /zoʊˈɑləd͡ʒi/ /zuˈɑləd͡ʒi/ /zuːˈɒləd͡ʒi/ /zəʊˈɒlədʒi/ n
zoologia
science that studies the animal kingdom

zoom /zuːm/ n
obiektyw zmiennoogniskowy zoom
augmentation of a view

zoomorphism n
zoomorfizm
the representation of gods as animals or the attributing of animal characteristics to gods
the use of animal figures in art and design or of animal symbols in literature
the viewing of human behavior in terms of the behavior of animals

zoonosis /zoʊ.ˈɒn.ə.sɪs/ /zəʊ.ˈɒn.ə.sɪs/ /ˌzoʊ.əˈnoʊ.sɪs/ n
zoonoza
animal disease that can be transmitted to humans

zoonym n
zoonim
common name for an animal

zoopaleontology n
zoopaleontologia

zoopathology /ˌzəʊəpəˈθɒlədʒi/ n
zoopatologia
animal pathology

zoophilia /ˈzoʊ.oʊfiliə/ /ˈzoʊ.əfiliə/ /ˈzəʊ.əfɪliə/ /ˈzəʊ.əʊfɪliə/ n
zoofilia sodomia
sexual attraction to or interaction with animals

zoophyte /ˈzuːfaɪt/ /ˈzəʊəfaɪt/ n
zwierzokrzew
invertebrate animal which resembles plants

zooplankton /ˌzoʊ.əˈplæŋk.tən/ /ˌzəʊ.əˈplæŋk.tən/ n
zooplankton
free-floating small protozoa or crustaceans

zoopragmatics n
zoopragmatyka

zoosemantics n
zoosemantyka

zoosporangium n
zoosporangium
a sporangium, or conceptacle containing or producing zoospores

zoospore n
pływka zoospora
motile asexual spore of some algae and fungi

zoosyntax n
[[zoo-]]syntaksa

zope n
rozpiór siniec
fish

zorse /zɔɹs/ /zɔːs/ n
zebrokoń
offspring of a male zebra and a female horse

zubron /ˈʒuːbɹɔːn/ n
żubroń
hybrid of the wisent and domestic cattle

zubrowka /ˈzubɹəvkə/ n
żubrówka
Polish liqueur of vodka and herbs

zucchetto /(t)sʊˈkɛtoʊ/ /tsʊˈkɛtəʊ/ n
piuska
small skullcap worn by Catholic clergy

zurna n
surma
musical instrument

zwieback n
suchar

zwitterion /ˈtsvɪtəɹ.aɪən/ /ˈtswɪtəɹ.aɪən/ /ˈzwɪtəɹ.aɪən/ n
jon obojnaczy zwitterjon
molecule that carries both a positive and a negative charge

zygote /ˈzaɪɡoʊt/ /ˈzaɪɡəʊt/ n
zygota
fertilized egg cell

zythology /zaɪˈθɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/ /zaɪˈθɒ.lə.d͡ʒi/ n
browarnictwo piwowarstwo
study of beer and beer-brewing

Åland /ˈɑlənd/ /ˈɔːlənd/ pn
Wyspy Alandzkie
archipelago
province

Åland Islands pn
Wyspy Alandzkie
autonomous province of Finland

Ålesund /ˈɔːləsʊn/ /ˈɔːləsʊnd/ pn
Ålesund
Norwegian municipality in Møre og Romsdal

Île-de-France pn
Île-de-France
region of France

Ústí nad Labem pn
Uście nad Łabą
city in the Czech republic

Ürümqi /uːˈɹuːmt͡ʃi/ /ʊˈrʊmt͡ʃi/ pn
Urumczi
Capital of Xinjiang

éclair /eɪ-/ /ɪˈklɛə/ /ɪˈklɛɹ/ n
ekler eklerek eklerka
oblong, chocolate-covered, cream-filled pastry

éminence grise /ˌeɪ-/ /ˌɛmɪnɑns ˈɡɹiz/ /ˌɛmɪnɒns ˈɡɹiːz/ n
szara eminencja
secret or unofficial decision-maker

České Budějovice pn
Czeskie Budziejowice
city in the Czech republic

Świdnica pn
Świdnica
city

Świętochłowice /ʃviˌɛntəʊxwəˈvɪtseɪ/ pn
Świętochłowice
city in Poland

Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship pn
województwo świętokrzyskie
Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship

Šilutė pn
Szyłokarczma

Štip pn
Sztip
a city in the Republic of Macedonia

Żory pn
Żory

Żywiec pn
Żywiec
city in Poland

Žilina pn
Żylina
city

な-adjective /nɑː ˈæd͡ʒɪktɪv/ n
przymiotnik na przymiotnik な-
adjective that necessitates the copula な if followed by a noun